E C O T O X

ECOTOXicology Database System 

ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Prepared for

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Office of Research and Development 

National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory

Mid-Continent Ecology Division (MED)

Duluth, Minnesota

By

Computer Sciences Corporation

Duluth, Minnesota 55804

Contract 68-W-02-032, Task Order #2024

December 2003
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix A. Carrier CAS Numbers ........................................ A-1

Appendix B. Chemical Grade Codes ....................................... B-1

Appendix C. Chemical Formulation Codes ................................. C-1

Appendix D. Radiolabel Isotope Codes .................................... D-1

Appendix E. Organism Source Codes ..................................... E-1

Appendix F. Lifestage Codes .............................................. F-1

I. Organism lifestage codes ............................................ F-1

II. Plant lifestage codes ................................................ F-4

Appendix G. Soil Type Codes ............................................. G-1

Appendix H. Test Location Codes ......................................... H-1

Appendix I. Valid Duration Units ........................................... I-1

Appendix J. Exposure Type Codes ......................................... J-1

Appendix J.1 Diet (D) Exposure Codes .................................. J-2

Appendix J.2 Injection (I) Codes ........................................ J-2

Appendix J.3 Multiple (M) Application Codes ............................. J-3

Appendix J.4 Inhalation (N) Application Codes ........................... J-3

Appendix J.5 Topical (T) Application Codes .............................. J-3

Appendix J.6 Environmental (V) Exposure Codes ......................... J-3

Appendix J.7 AQUIRE ONLY Exposure Type Codes ....................... J-5

AQUIRE Lab Exposure Types .................................... J-5

AQUIRE Field Exposure Types ................................... J-5

Appendix K. Application Frequency Codes ................................ K-1

Appendix L. Exposure Media Codes ........................................ L-1

Appendix M. Control Type and Dose ID Codes ............................. M-1

Appendix N. Exposure Dose and Observation/Response Value Units ........ N-1

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 ii
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix O. Ionic Fraction Codes ......................................... O-1

Appendix P. Chemical Analysis Methods .................................. P-1

Appendix Q. Sample Unit Codes .......................................... Q-1

Appendix R. Effect Group Codes and Definitions ........................... R-1

Appendix S. Group Effect, Effect and Measurement Codes and Definitions

................................................................... S-1

Appendix T. Endpoint Codes and Definitions ............................... T-1

Appendix U. Response Site Codes ........................................ U-1

Appendix V. Common Keywords for Other Effects Text Field (AQUIRE only)

................................................................... V-1

Appendix W. Water Chemistry Units (AQUIRE only) ........................ W-1

Appendix X. Habitat Codes and Common Descriptors (AQUIRE only) ........ X-1

Appendix Y. Substrate Codes (AQUIRE only) ................................ Y-1

Appendix Z. Depth Units ................................................... Z-1

Appendix AA. Field Location Abbreviations (AQUIRE only) ............ AA-1

Appendix BB. Geographic Text (AQUIRE only) ........................ BB-1

Appendix CC. AQUIRE Field Name Codes ................................ CC-1

Appendix DD. Terretox Field Name Codes ................................ DD-1

I. Quality Assurance Parameters ...................................... DD-1

II. Test Chemical Parameters ......................................... DD-1

III. Test Information .................................................. DD-2

IV. Exposure Information ............................................. DD-3

V. Results Information ............................................... DD-4

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 iii
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix EE. Organic Matter Type and Units ............................. EE-1

Organic Matter Types ............................................... EE-1

Organic Matter Units ................................................ EE-1

Appendix FF. Cation Exchange Capacity Units ............................ FF-1

Appendix GG. AQUIRE Concentration Types .............................. GG-1

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 iv
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix A. Carrier CAS Numbers 

Chemical Name CAS # 

Acetate ................................................................ 71501

Acetic acid ............................................................. 64197

Acetone ( 2-Propanone) .................................................. 67641

Acetonitrile ............................................................. 75058

Aerosol OT (Sodium salt) ................................................ 577117

Agar . ................................................................ 9002180

Arachis oil ............................................................ 8002037

Butyl dioxitol ........................................................... 112345

Benzene ............................................................... 71432

Cadmium Chloride .................................................... 10108642

Cadmium Sulfate ..................................................... 10124364

Cod Liver Oil .......................................................... 8001692

Cottonseed Oil ........................................................ 8001294

Corn Oil .............................................................. 8001307

Cornstarch ............................................................ 9005258

Cyclosol 63 .......................................................... 89072606

Diesel oil ............................................................ 68334305

1,4-Dioxane ........................................................... 123911

DMF, N,N-Dimethylformamide ............................................. 68122

DMSO, Dimethyl Sulfoxide ................................................ 67685

Emulphor ............................................................. 9004982

Ethanol (or Ethyl alcohol - absolute alcohol) .................................. 64175

Ether .................................................................. 60297

2-Ethoxyethanol ........................................................ 110805

Ethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether (2-Methoxyethanol) ........................ 109864

Fish Oil .............................................................. 8016135

Fuel Oil ............................................................. 68476299

Gelatin ............................................................... 9000708

Gum acacia ........................................................... 9000015

Gum tragacanth ....................................................... 9000651

HCL, Hydrochloric Acid ................................................. 7647010

Hexane (also, N-Hexane) ................................................ 110543

HNO3, Nitric Acid (HNO3; H2SO4,R)-Purity Character (Sulphuric Acid,R) ...... 7697372

Isopropanol (2-Propanol) .................................................. 67630

Iron Sulfates ......................................................... 10124499

Lactose ................................................................ 63423

Methanol (Methyl alcohol) (CH30H) ......................................... 67561

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 A-1
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Methoxyethanol (or 2-Methoxyethanol) ...................................... 109864

Methylcellulose ........................................................ 9004675

Methylene Chloride ...................................................... 75092

Methyl ethyl ketone ....................................................... 78933

Mineral oil ............................................................ 8012951

NAHCO3, Sodium Bicarbonate ........................................... 144558

NAOH, Sodium Hydroxide .............................................. 1310732

N,N-Dimethylformamide (or Dimethylformamide) ............................. 68122

Nitric Acid ............................................................ 7697372

Olive Oil .............................................................. 8001250

Peanut Oil ............................................................ 8002037

Pentane ............................................................... 109660

Petroleum ether ....................................................... 8030306

Polyethylene Glycol (2-Propanol) ........................................ 25322683

Polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) .......................................... 809005656

Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) ............................................. 1310583

Propane (Propylene glycol) ................................................ 57556

2-Propanol Isopropanol (or Isopropanol)-Isopropyl alcohol ...................... 67630

Propylene Glycol ........................................................ 57556

Safflower Oil .......................................................... 8001238

Saline ................................................................ 7647145

Salt .................................................................. 7647145

Sesame Seed Oil ...................................................... 8008740

Sodium Chloride (Salt, Saline)(Na Cl) ..................................... 7647145

Sodium Sulfate ........................................................ 7757826

Soybean Oil .......................................................... 8001227

Starch ............................................................... 9005258

Sucrose ................................................................ 57501

Sulfuric Acid .......................................................... 7664939

Sunflower Oil .......................................................... 8001216

Tergitol NPX .......................................................... 9016459

Toluene (or Methylbenzene) .............................................. 108883

Toxisol FLC .......................................................... 12738920

Trichloroacetic Acid ...................................................... 76039

Triethylene Glycol ....................................................... 112276

Trimethylene Glycol ..................................................... 504632

Trioactanoin ........................................................... 538238

Triton-X100 ........................................................... 9002931

Tween 40 ............................................................. 9005667

Tween 80 (Polysorbate 80) .............................................. 9005656

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 A-2
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Water ................................................................ 7732185

Vegetable oil ......................................................... 68956683

Velsicol .............................................................. 2307495

Xylene ............................................................... 1330207

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 A-3
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix B. Chemical Grade Codes 

AASG Atomic Absorbtion 

Spectrometry Grade 

ACS American Chemical Society 

Grade 

AG Agricultural Grade 

AN Analar Grade 

AL Analysis Grade 

A* Analytical Grade 

A or GU Analytical or Guaranteed 

Grade 

A or R Analytical or Reagent Grade 

A or T Technical or Analytical Grade 

AN or R Analar or Reagent Grade 

AR* A.R. Grade 

B Biological Grade 

CT Certified Grade 

CG Chemical Grade 

CH Chromatographic Grade 

CL Clinical Grade 

C Commercial Grade 

C or AN Commercial or Analar Grade 

DG Distilled in Glass Grade 

DS Dry Standard Grade 

EM Eastman Grade 

EL Electrophoresis Grade 

EX Experimental Grade 

F Field Grade 

FFL Free flowing Grade 

GR GR Grade 

GU Guaranteed Grade 

GUR Guaranteed Reagant Grade 

HPLC* High Performance Liquid 

Chromatography Grade 

HG Histological Grade 

I Industrial Grade 

L Laboratory Grade 

MK Merck Grade 

MRG Merck Reagent Grade 

ME Monsanto Electrical Grade 

NAF* National Formulary Grade 

NP Normapur Grade 

NR Not Reported 

OP Optima 

PAN Pestanal Grade 

PST Pesticide Grade 

PRG Pesticide Residue Grade 

PH Pharmaceutical Grade 

PRA* Practical Grade 

PR Production Grade 

PG* Pure Grade 

PFG Purified Grade 

R* Reagent Grade 

RFG Reference Grade 

RE Research Grade 

RE or A Research or Analytical Grade 

RS Residue Grade 

SC Scintillation Grade 

SO Solvent Grade 

SPC Spectrochemical Grade 

S Spectrophotometric Grade 

TA Technical Acid Grade 

T* Technical Grade 

T or P Technical or Purified Grade 

T or PU Technical or Pure Grade 

TIS Tissue Culture Grade 

ULV ULV Grade 

UP Ultrapure Grade 

USP* United States Pharmacopeia 

Grade 

UV Ultraviolet Grade 

UVS Uvasol Grade 

* Code as “A” for concentration type for organic chemicals for AQUIRE 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 B-1
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix C. Chemical Formulation Codes 

AE Acid Equivalent 

AI Active Ingredient 

ASG Agricultural Suspension 

ARST Analytical Reference Standard 

AQ Aqueous Solution 

AS Aqueous Suspension 

AAPS Atomic Absorption Primary 

Standard 

CP* Chemically Pure 

CRI Chromatographically Impure 

CRP Chromatographically Pure 

C Commercial 

CO Concentrate 

CR Controlled Release 

CRY Crystal 

DC Detached Crystals 

DG Dispersable Granule (also 

known as “dry flowable”) 

DP Dispersable Powder 

D Dust 

EC Emulsifiable Concentrate 

EF Emulsifiable Formulation 

ES Emulsifiable Solution, Agent 

EG Emulsified Granular 

E Emulsion 

EN Encapsulated 

FFO Field Formulated 

FCASS Fisher Certified Atomic 

Absorption Standard 

FK Flake 

FF Flowable Formulation 

FG Finely Ground 

FO Formulated 

GCR Gas Chromatograph Standard 

GS Gaseous 

G Granule, Granular 

GU Guaranteed 

HG Heavy Granular 

LD Liquid 

LDCO Liquid concentrate 

MO Miscible Oil 

N Nanograde 

ND Neutralized, Desensitized 

NF Nonionized Form 

NR Not Reported 

OD Oil Dispersion 

OS Oil Soluble 

ODA Organic Dispersal Agent 

PAR Particulate 

PEL Pellet 

PO Powder 

PRE Prepared in Lab 

PS * Primary Standard 

PA Pro Analsi Quality 

PU Pure, Purissium or Puris 

PF * Purified 

RC Recrystallized 

RST* Reference Standard 

RF Registered Formulation 

SRF Slow Release Formulation 

SD Solid 

S Solution 

SO Soluble Concentrate 

SP Soluble Powder 

SPCO Spray Concentrate 

SPL Spray Liquid 

SPO Spray Powder 

ST Standard 

STD Standard Solution for AA 

UD Unneutralized, Desensitized 

WMC Water Miscible Concentrate 

WS Water Soluble 

WSC Water Soluble Concentrate 

WP Wettable Powder 

WHO World Health Organization 

W/W Weight per weight 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 C-1
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

* Code as “A” for concentration type for organic chemicals for AQUIRE 

Appendix D. Radiolabel Isotope Codes 

Ag-110 Silver 

Am-241 Americium 

As-74 Arsenic 

As-76 Arsenic 

Ba-133 Barium 

Be-7 Beryllium 

C-12 Carbon 

C-13 Carbon 

C-14 Carbon 

Cd-109 Cadmium 

Cd-115 Cadmium 

Ca-45 Calcium 

Cl-36 Chlorine 

Cm-244 Curium 

Co-60 Cobalt 

Co-64 Cobalt 

Co-57 Cobalt 

Cr-51 Chromium 

Cs-137 Cesium 

Cs-134 Cesium 

Cu-64 Copper 

Cu-63 Copper 

Cu-65 Copper 

Eu-152 Europium 

F-18 Fluorine 

I-131 Iodine 

Fe-59 Iron 

H-3 Hydrogen (Tritium) 

Hg-197 Mercury 

Hg-203 Mercury 

I-125 Iodine 

I-131 Iodine 

Mn-54 Manganese 

N-15 Nitrogen 

Ni-59 Nickel 

Ni-63 Nickel 

Np-235 Neptunium 

NR Not Reported 

P-32 Phosphorus 

Pb-210 Lead 

Pb-203 Lead 

Po-208 Polonium 

Po-210 Polonium 

Pu-239 Plutonium 

Pu-237 Plutonium 

Ra-226 Radium 

Ru-106 Ruthenium 

S-35 Sulfur 

Sb-125 Antimony 

Se-75 Selenium 

Sn-113 Tin 

Sr-90 Strontium 

Sr-85 Strontium 

Tc-95 Techninium 

Tc-99 Technicium 

Te-128 Tellurium 

Tl-115 Thallium 

Th-232 Thorium 

Th 238 Thorium 

U-238 Uranium 

U-232 Uranium 

U-235 Uranium 

V-48 Vanadium 

V-49 Vanadium 

Yes Unknown radiolabel 

Zn-65 Zinc 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 D-1
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix E. Organism Source Codes 

Code Definition 

CBC Captive breeding colony 

COM Commercial source 

DOM Domestic strain 

GAM Game farm strain 

GOV Government agency source 

LAB Laboratory strain 

MLT Multiple Sources 

NR Not reported 

WLD Wild strain 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 E-1
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix F. Lifestage Codes (at beginning of exposure) 

I. Organism lifestage codes 

Intermolt

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 F-1

Code Definition 

AD Adult 

AL Alevin 

BL Blastula 

CC Cocoon 

CO Copepodid 

CP Copepodite 

CS Cleavage stage 

CY Cyst 

EB Eyed embryo 

EG Egg 

EL Elver 

EM Embryo 

EY Eyed stage 

FI Fingerling 

FY Fry 

GA Gastrula 

GE Gestation 

GL Glochidia 

GM Gamete 

IG Imago 

IM Immature 

IN Instar 

IT 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

JV Juvenile; fledgling, hatchling, 

weanling 

LC Lactational 

LP Larva-pupa 

LR Prolarvae 

LV Larvae 

LO Lobes 

MA Mature 

ME Megalopa 

ML Morula 

MO Molt 

MX Multiple 

MY Mysis 

NB New born 

ND Naiad 

NE Neonate 

NH New, newly, or recent hatch 

NL Neurala 

NR Not reported, unknown 

NU Nauplii 

NY Nymph 

OO Oocyte, ova 

PA Parr 

PC Pre-hatch 

PD Pre-molt 

PE Post emergence 

PG Post spawning

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 F-2
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

PI Post molt 

PJ Pre-, sub-, semi- or near 

adult 

Underyearling

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 F-3

PK Post smolt 

PN Post nauplius 

PO Post hatch 

PQ Pre-larvae 

PS Pre smolt 

PT Protolarvae 

PU Pupa 

PV Post larvae 

PW Pre-spawning 

PY Post embryo 

PZ Protozoea 

SA Subadult 

SC Yolk-sac larvae, sac larvae 

SF Sac fry, yolk sac fry 

SI Sexually immature 

SM Sexually mature 

SMT Smolt 

SO Sporeling 

SP Sperm 

SR Spore 

ST Spat 

SU Swim-up 

TA tadpole 

UY 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Zygote 

II. Plant lifestage codes 

Rooted cuttings 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 F-4

VI Virgin 

YA Young adult 

YE Yearling 

YO Young 

YY Young of the year 

ZO Zoea 

ZY 

Code Definition 

BS Bud blast stage 

EX Exponential Growth Phase 

FB Mature, full-bloom stage (fruit trees) 

FG Female gametophyte 

FO Flower opening 

GP Lag growth phase 

GS Germinated seed 

IB Incipient bud 

LG Log growth phase 

MD Mature dormant 

MG Male gametophyte 

MX Multiple stages 

MT Mature, no specified stage 

PB Mature, post-bloom stage (fruit 

trees) 

PH Mature, pit-hardening stage (fruit 

trees) 

RC 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Mature vegetative 

Code Definition 

RP Mature reproductive 

RST Rootstock 

SB Shoot 

SE Scape elongation 

SD Seed 

SG Mature, side-green stage (fruit 

trees) 

SL Seedling 

SN Sapling 

SY Stationary growth phase 

TC Tissue culture callus 

TU Tuber 

VG 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 F-5
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix G. Soil Type Codes 

Standard Artificial Soils:

OECD 1984 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 1984

OECD 1993 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 1993

EEC Council of European Communities

ISO 1994 International Standard Organization 1994

10 % peat 6.0 

Standard Artificial Soil Characteristics 

Soil Type Organic Matter pH 

OECD 1984 10 % peat 6.0 

OECD 1993 10 % peat 6.0 

EEC 10 % peat 6.0 

ISO 1994 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 G-1
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix H. Test Location Codes 

Code Definition 

FieldA Field, Artificial - a simulated or artificial field study 

is conducted in “an artificially bounded system 

that is a simplification of a specific ecosystem”, 

e.g. aviaries, pens, enclosures, outdoor pots 

FieldN Field, Natural - a natural field study is one “in 

which both the test system [...] and exposure to 

the stressor are “naturally” derived”; e.g. sprayed 

agricultural field or orchard plots, field surveys. 

FieldU Field, Unable to determine whether natural or 

artificial setting 

Lab Laboratory indoor setting, including 

environmental chamber, greenhouse, lath house, 

garden frame or indoor pots 

NR Not Reported; unable to determine whether 

laboratory or field 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 H-1
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix I. Valid Duration Units 

degree days

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 I-1

Code Definition 

s second 

mi minute 

h hour 

d day 

wk week 

mo month 

yr year 

lf lifetime; no associated numeric value 

NR time information not reported 

alv alevin 

abs until abscission 

ac age class 

ant until anthesis 

b0.25 0.25 bloom stage 

blm bloom stage 

brd Brood or litter 

bs bud blast stage 

bt to boot stage 

cfs to commercial flower stage 

clv cleavage 

crs crab stage 

cs cell stage 

dpe days post-emergence 

dd 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Code Definition 

dph days post hatch 

dphv days post harvest 

dpf days post fertilization 

dpn days post-natal 

dpo days post oviposition 

dpr days post-release 

dps days post spawn 

dpt days pre-fertilization 

dpu days post-swim up 

dpw days post swimming 

dbh days pre-hatch 

ea to earing or heading 

eb early bloom stage 

eslk to early silk stage 

el nth egg laid 

em to emergence 

eso end of shooting stage 

ey eyed stage (time to eyed stage of fish eggs) 

f5 50% flowering 

fb full bloom stage 

fd frond 

frt to fertilization 

fi flower initiation 

fl flower stage 

fr to fruit stage

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 I-2
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Code Definition 

frt to fertilization 

fry fry 

fs flowering stage 

ge generation 

gm to germination 

go gosner stage 

gs growing season 

hbf hours pre-fertilization 

hpe hours post emergence 

hpf hours post fertilization 

hph hours post hatch 

hpr hours post-release 

hv harvest 

ht until hatch 

i2 intermolt to 2nd molt 

inst instar 

it intermolt to molt 

kh knee-high stage 

log to log phase 

ls leaf stage 

ls4 4-6 leaf stage 

ls6 6 leaf stage 

ls9 9-10 leaf stage 

LSI Larval Stage Index 

ma to maturity

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 I-3
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Code Definition 

mpf minutes post fertilization 

mph months post hatch 

myp Mysis to post-larvae 

pan panicling stage 

pd 1st pod set 

pgm post germination 

pm post molt 

pr priming (The harvesting of ripened tobacco leaves) 

pro propagation stage 

rc ready for consumption 

slk to silk stage 

so shooting stage 

spf seconds post fertilization 

sst substage 

stg stage 

su summer 

swm swim-up 

tr 1st trifoliate leaf 

ts time to tassle 

vg vegetative stage 

wbh weeks pre-hatch 

wpe weeks post emergence 

wph weeks post hatch 

wps weeks post swim-up 

yc year class

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 I-4
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

NOT TO BE USED AFTER 10/15/99, USE QUALITATIVE CODES 

(ABOVE) INSTEAD: used when the duration is qualitative rather than 

quantitative; information is recorded as text in the Remarks (eg., 12th 

egg after hatch but not end of study) 

Code Definition 

yph years post-hatch 

zm zoeae-megalop 

zmy zoeae to mysis 

-n negative values represent pretreatment times 

-x pretreatment time unknown 

/ 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 I-5
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix J. Exposure Type Codes 

Code Definition 

D 

see Appendix J.1 

Diet - exposure through consumption; includes diet and/or 

water intake; this code will be automatically assigned if one 

of the diet 

I 

see Appendix 

J.2 

Injection -insertion of the toxicant into the skin, vessels, 

muscle, subcutaneous tissue, or any body cavity; this code 

will be automatically assigned if one of the injection 

categories from Appendix J.2 is used 

M 

see Appendix 

J.3 

M ultiple-exposure to the toxicant through two or more 

different routes. 

N 

see Appendix 

J.4 

Inhalation - exposure to the toxicant through breathing; this 

code will be automatically assigned if one of the injection 

categories from Appendix J.3 is used 

NR Exposure type is Not Reported 

T 

see Appendix 

J.5 

Topical - exposure includes dermal, eggshell, immersion or 

soaking; this code will be automatically assigned if one of the 

topical categories from Appendix J.4 is used 

V 

see Appendix 

J.6 

Environmental - exposure includes field in situ and specific 

application types as well as incidental exposures; this code 

will be automatically assigned if one of the environmental 

categories from Appendix J.5 is us 

categories from Appendix J.1 is used 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 J-1
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix J.1 Diet (D) Exposure Codes 

Code Definition 

DT diet, unspecified 

FD chemical incorporated into the food 

DR chemical incorporated into the water 

CH choice of treated or untreated food or water 

GV gavage 

GE Gestational (Exposed during gestation) 

LC Lactation (Exposed via mother’s milk) 

OR oral via capsule 

Appendix J.2 Injection (I) Codes 

Code Definition 

IJ injection, unspecified 

IA Intra-arterial (injected via the artery) 

IG intragastrical (digestive system) 

IH intrahemocoel 

IM intramuscular 

IP intraperitoneal 

IL intra placental 

IR intraprostomial 

IS intrasegmentally (insects) 

IE intratesticular 

IT intratracheal 

IV intravenous 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 J-2
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Code Definition 

SC subcutaneous 

SD subdermal 

YK yolk 

Appendix J.3 Multiple (M) Application Codes 

Code Definition 

MU multiple routes between application groups 

(e.g. dermal and inhalation) 

Appendix J.4 Inhalation (N) Application Codes 

Code Definition 

IH inhalation 

Appendix J.5 Topical (T) Application Codes 

Code Definition 

DM dermal 

MM immersion 

OC ocular 

PC percutaneous 

SA surface area dose 

SH eggshell 

TP topical, general 

Appendix J.6 Environmental (V) Exposure Codes [Also AQUIRE Field Test AP Type] 

Code Definition 

AE aerial (unknown type) 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 J-3
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Code Definition 

AG aerial-granular 

AS aerial spray application 

CM culture medium application 

DA direct application 

DU dusted 

DW dropwise application 

EN environmental, unspecified 

FS foliar spray 

FU fumigation 

GG ground granular 

GM growth medium application 

GS ground spray 

HP hydroponic solution application 

HS hand spray 

IN in situ 

MI misted 

MT multiple routes within environmental 

exposures, eg. Aerial spray and soil slurry to 

the same plots. 

PR present in soil 

PT painted 

PU pump 

SO dipped or soaked 

SP spray 

SS soil slurry 

WA watered 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 J-4
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix J.7 AQUIRE ONLY Exposure Type Codes 

AQUIRE Lab Exposure Types (EXP TYP) 

Code Definition 

[C] Topical Exposure (Use specific code from 

App. J.5) 

[D] Diet or Oral exposure (includes 

simultaneous diet and water exposure) (Use 

specific code from App. J.1) 

F Flow-through 

[I] Injection (Use specific code from App. J.2) 

L Leaching (used for leachate and sediment 

exposures, if water conc reported) 

P Pulse (intermittent or fluctuating dosing) 

R Renewal 

S Static (recirculating exposures are noted in 

Exp Design); algae tests where the time is 

<= 24 hr, static may be assumed, and 

coded as such by the reviewer 

AQUIRE Field Exposure Types (EXP TYP) 

Code Definition 

B Tidal 

[D] Diet (Use specific code from App. J.1) 

E Lentic (static water system without 

measureable flow rate, e.g. ponds, lakes, 

troughs, irrigation ditches) 

I Injection 

O Lotic (flowing water system, e.g. streams) 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 J-5
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

[ ] = Old code. The codes will require maintenance to update records with new codes. 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 K-1
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix K. Application Frequency Codes 

Code Definition 

ADL Ad libitum; without limit or restraint 

CON Continual; non-pulsed 

D/WK, 10-

13WK 

X times per week for 10 to 13 weeks 

DLY Daily; dosing regime not specified 

DLY for X D Daily for X days 

DLY for 5 D Daily for 5 days 

EOD Every other day 

E X D Every X days 

E X H Every X hours 

E x H for 20 D Every X hours for 20 days 

E x MI Every x minutes 

E X WK Every X weeks 

G per D Grams per day 

H Hour 

H/D for 8 D X hours per day for 8 days 

HED X hours every day 

IN in situ 

RES Restricted 

STG Stage 

WKY Weekly 

X Dosed x time(s) per study period; e.g. 1 

time = 1X 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 K-2
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

X E 7-15 D X times every 7 to 15 days 

X for 1 H X times for 1 hour 

X for 1 MI X times for 1 minute 

X for 10 MI X times for 10 minutes 

X for 12 H X times for 12 hours 

X for 15 MI X times for 15 minutes 

X for 2 D X times for 2 days 

X for 2 H X times for 2 hours 

X for 24 H X times for 24 hours 

X for 3 H X times for 3 hours 

X for 3.5 H X times for 3.5 hours 

X for 30 MI X times for 30 minutes 

X for 5 H X times for 5 hours 

X for 5 MI X times for 5 minutes 

X for 6 H X times for 6 hours 

X for 60 MI X times for 60 minutes 

X H E12H X hours every 12 hours 

X H E3D X hours every 3 days 

X H EOD X hours every other day 

X H per D X hours per day 

X H WKY X hours weekly 

X in 12 H X times in 12 hours 

in 14 D X times in 14 days 

X in 24-72 H X times in 24 to 72 hours 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 K-3
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

X in 48 H X times in 48 hours 

X MI per D X minutes per day 

X per FI X times per flower initiation 

X per h X times per hour 

X per 24 H X times per 24 hours 

X per 2d X times per 2 days 

X per 3d X times per 3 days 

X per 4d X times per 4 days 

X per 5 D X times per 5 days 

X per 12d X times per 12 days 

X per 14d X times per 14 days 

X per D, 10 X X times per day, 10 times 

X per D, 6 

D/WK 

X times per day, 6 days per week 

X per d X times per day 

X per wk X times per week 

X per 2 wk X times per 2 weeks 

X per 6 WK X times per 6 weeks 

X per mo X times per month 

X per yr X times per year 

X, 1X/D X times, 1 time per day 

X, 1X/Y X times, 1 time per year 

X, 1X/20 D X times, 1 time per 20 days 

X, 1X/2WK X times, 1 time per 2 weeks 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 K-4
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

X, 1X/4WK X times, 1 time per 4 weeks 

, 2X in 14 H X times, 2 times in 14 hours 

X, 2X per WK X times, 2 times per week 

X, 96 H apart X times, 96 hours apart 

X,1 X E 15 D X times, 1 time every 15 days 

X,1 X per 15 D X times, 1 time per 15 days 

X,1Xper9-13D X times, 1 time per 9-13 days 

X,24 H per 14 

D 

X times, 24 hours per 14 days 

X,48H apt 

E14D 

X times, 48 hours apart every 14 days 

X/WK for 3 

WK 

X times per week for 3 weeks 

NR Not Reported 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 K-5
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix L. Exposure Media Codes 

Code Definition 

AGR Agar 

AQU Aqueous 

ART Artificial soil (This includes soils that are 

created from individual soil components. For 

example, if clay, sand and organic matter are 

combined, as in OECD soils, these soils are 

coded as artificial.) 

CUL Culture Medium 

FLT Filter paper 

HUM Humus 

HYP Hydroponic 

LIT Litter 

MAN Manure 

MIN Mineral soil 

MIX Media Mixture (with comment) 

NAT Natural soil (This includes natural soils that 

are amended with nutrients.) 

NONE No substrate 

NR Not reported 

OTH/ Other (with comment) 

odd combinations of media are used and 

remark in Soil Information comments, i.e. 

50/50 mixture of farina and peat 

POP Plaster of Paris 

SLG Sludge 

UKS Unspecified soil type 

Use this code when 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 L-1
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix M. Control Type and Dose ID Codes 

Code Definition 

B Baseline or background control: parameters of actual or 

representative test species measured before and after 

administration of test chemical, though not as part of the same test 

scenario. Note: pretreatment values, collected during the same 

test scenario as the observed responses, are recorded as 

exposure concentrations with a negative exposure duration; not as 

baseline control parameters. 

C Concurrent control: controls are run simultaneously with the 

exposure, e.g. in the laboratory where a chemical free test chamber 

is used or in field studies where the control data are obtained 

upstream from the exposure data; also includes field tests where the 

controls are run in a separate system, ie. pond A and pond B or 

field A and field B 

D Exposure Dose level identifier 

E Endpoint link identifier 

H Historical control: applicable to natural field system testing, data 

collected prior to exposure often during an independent long-term 

survey of the area; see also B - Baseline 

K Data for control is presented but without accompanying 

methodology to identify procedures used 

M Multiple controls were reported, e.g. historic and concurrent 

NR Not reported; there is no information about presence or absence of 

controls in the publication 

O The ‘O’ code should be used when a control is run in a different 

system (e.g. defined by different dilution water or soil properties) 

than the exposure treatments; e.g., control from pond A and effect 

information from pond B. See also C for concurrent controls. This 

also includes laboratory studies where different solvents are used 

for control versus treatment (e.g. Water was used as a solvent for 

test compound, controls were injected with saline, or a blood 

sample from an unexposed female used for a control for an 

exposed male). 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 M-1
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Author states that no controls were used in the study 

P Positive controls were used 

R Range of doses 

V Carrier or solvent; organisms exposed to carrier or solvent as the 

only control 

Z 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 M-2
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

Appendix N. Exposure Dose and Observation/Response Value Units 

a-amino N/24h alpha aminonitrogen per 24 

hours 

absrb absorbance 

act activity 

act/g pro activity per gram protein 

act/g TI activity per gram tissue 

activ/noactiv activated to non-activated ratio 

acts/3 mi acts per 3 minutes 

ad adults 

ad/jv adults per juvenile 

ae lb/100 gal acid equivalent pounds per 100 

gallons 

AI active ingredient; followed by the 

unit, eg AI kg/ha 

ai g/m2 grams active ingredients per 

square meter 

ai g/100m2 grams active ingredient per 100 

square meters 

ai l/ha active ingredient liters per 

hectare 

AI mg/d milligrams active ingredient per 

day 

ai mg/kg milligrams active ingredient per 

kilogram 

ai mg/kg org milligrams active ingredient per 

kilogram organism 

ai mg/L milligrams active 

ingredient per liter 

ai mg/ml milligrams active ingredient per 

milliliter 

ai ppm parts per million active ingredient 

ai ml/100m2 milliliters active ingredient per 

100 square meters 

ai ug/cm2 micrograms active ingredient per 

square centimeter 

ai ug/g soil micrograms active ingredient per 

gram soil 

amend:unamend ratio of amended to 

unamended treatments 

AU arbitrary units 

B’ Chromatid break 

B’‘ Isochromatid break 

BB unit BB unit 

b/ml billions per milliliter 

beats/mi beats per minute 

beats*ml/mi2 beats * milliliter per square 

minutes 

bees/d bees per day

BO:LI bone to liver ratio

Bq becquerels

Bq/g becquerels per gram

Bq/L becquerels per liter

Bq/kg becquerels per kilogram

Bq/mg becquerels per milligram

Bq/ml becquerels per milliliter

Bq/org becquerels per organism

bits bits

BR:BL ratio of brain to blood

branches/org number of branches per organism

bt/mi beats per minute

BU Bessey Units

bushels bushels 

burrows burrows 

C Centigrade, degrees

cal calories

cal/d calories per day

castings earthworm castings

casts/eu casts per experimental unit

casts/m2/d casts per square meter per day

casts/pl casts per plot

cc cocoons

cc/ad cocoons per adult

cc/10 ad cocoons per 10 adults

cc/eu cocoons per experimental unit

cc/cntr cocoons per container

cc/org cocoons per organism

cc/org/8wk cocoons per organism per 8 weeks

cc/org/wk cocoons per organism per week

cc/sad cocoons per surviving adult

cc/unit cocoons per unit

cells cells

cells/1e+6 cellscells per 1 X 10 +6 cells

cells/50 mg cells per 50 milligrams

cells/100 clm cells per 100 coelomocytes

cells/area cells per area

cells/mg TI cells per milligram tissue

cell/mi x10x3 cells per minute x10x3

cells/ml cells per milliliter

cells/mm2 cells per square millimeter

cell/mm3 cells per cubic millimeter

cells/mm cortex cells per millimeter cortex

cells/mm folium cells per millimeter folium

cell:nuclei ratio of cells to nuclei

cells/TI cells per tissue

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-1 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

cell/u.a cells per unit area 

cellx10x2/ul cells x10x2 per microliter 

cell/8 srtl cel cells per 8 Sertoli cells 

cfu/mg colony forming units per 

milligram 

chem/d chemical per day 

CHLA:CHLB ratio of chlorophyll a to 

chlorophyll b 

color index 

Ci/L curies per liter

Ci/mol curies per mole

Ci/mmol curies per millimole

clusters clusters

clutches clutches

cm centimeter

cm/d centimeters per day

cm/g soil centimeters per gram soil

cm/g bdwt/h centimeters per gram

bodyweight per hour 

cm H2O centimeters of water 

cm/cm3 centimeters per cubic centimeter 

cm2 centimeters squared 

cm2/kg centimeters squared per 

kilogram 

cm2/org centimeters squared per 

organism 

cm2/100bees centimeters squared per 100 

bees 

cm3 cubic centimeters 

cm3/eu cubic centimeters per 

experimental unit 

cm/wk centimeters per week 

cmol/kg centimoles of charges per 

kilogram 

cpm counts per minute 

cpm X 1000 counts per minute X 1000 

cpm/1e+5 cells counts per minute per 1X10+5 

cells 

cpm/cc counts per minute per coccoon 

cpm/g TI counts per minute per gram 

tissue 

cpm/L counts per minute per liter 

cpm/mg counts per minute per milligram 

cpm/mg pro counts per minute per milligram 

protein 

cpm/mg RNA counts per minute per milligram 

RNA 

cpm/mg UA counts per minute per milligram 

uronic acid 

cpm/ml counts per minute per millimeter 

cpm/org counts per minute per organism

CRB:BR ratio of cerebellum to brain

CRM:BR ration of cerebrum to brain

cRNA/mgRNA/DNA (counts per minute RNA per

milligram RNA) per milligram 

DNA 

cwt/acre hundredweights per acre 

cyc/deg cycles per degree 

d day

DB/mg pro lipid aliphatic double bounds

per milligram protein 

dead:live ratio of dead to live organisms 

degree degree 

divisions/cell divisions per cell 

dm2 decimeters squared 

DNA:protein DNA to protein ratio 

DNA:RNA DNA to RNA ratio 

dpm disintegrations per minute 

dpm/167 mg TI disintegrations per minute per 

167 milligrams tissue 

dpm/EU disintegrations per minute per 

experimental unit 

dpm/g disintegrations per minute per 

gram of tissue 

dpm/g*100 disintegrations per minute per 

gram*100 

dpm/800g soil disintegrations per minute per 

800 grams of soil 

dpm/mg disintegrations per minute per 

milligram 

dpm/mg FA disintegrations per minute per 

milligram fatty acid 

dpm/mg GH disintegrations per minute per 

milligram growth hormone 

dpm/mg GH*100 disintegrations per minute per 

milligram growth 

hormone*100 

dpm/mg pro disintegrations per minute per 

milligram protein 

dpm/ml disintegrations per 

minute per milliliter 

dpm/n disintegrations per minute per 

N 

dpm treat:cntl ration of disintegrations per 

minute treated to control 

dS/m deciSiemens per meter 

e/100hd 

e/hd 

eggs per 100 hen days 

eggs per hen day 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-2 

CI 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

e/org eggs per organism 

e/org/d eggs per organism per 

day 

e/org/wk eggs per organism per 

week 

ea/eu ears per experimental 

unit 

eggs egg(s) 

eggs/BDAY eggs per bird-day 

eggs/d eggs per day 

eggs/fm eggs per female 

eggs/fm/d eggs per female per 

week 

eggs/fm/wk eggs per female per 

week 

eggs/100 ad eggs per 100 adults 

eggs/org eggs per organism 

eggs/org/d eggs per organism per 

day 

egg/org/wk eggs per organism per 

week 

eggs/pair eggs per pair 

eggs/raft eggs per raft 

em/FM embryos per female 

enz act enzyme activity or 

enzyme activity unit 

enz act/mg enzyme activity per 

milligram 

eq/l equivalents per liter 

eu enzyme unit 

EU/g enzyme unit (amount of 

enzyme needed to 

catalyze)/g 

FD:Gain ratio of weight of food 

consumed to weight 

gained 

FD:WTR food to water ratio

FER feed efficiency ratio

fl femtoliters

FT:PLC fetus to placenta ratio

fet fetuses

fetuses/litter fetuses per litter

final:initial ratio of initial parameter

to final parameter 

fledge/pair fledglings per pair or 

young fledged per pair 

fm females 

fm/lit females per litter 

fmol femtomol 

fmol/mg pro femtomol per milligram 

protein 

fr frames (bees) 

FU/g fluorescence units per gram 

G’ Chromatid gap 

G’‘ Isochromatid gap 

g grams 

g% gram percent 

g% w/v gram percent on a weight per 

volume basis 

g/0.25 acre grams per 0.25 acres 

g/0.5 m2 grams per 0.5 meters 

squared 

g/100l grams per 100 liters 

g/100g grams per 100 grams 

g/100g BW grams per 100 grams body 

weight 

g/100g BW/d grams per 100 grams body 

weight per day 

g/100g bdwt/h grams per 100 grams per 

bodyweight/hour 

g/100g org grams per 100 grams 

organism 

g/100kg org grams per 100 kilograms 

organism 

g/d/100kg org grams per day per 100 

kilograms organism 

g/100 le grams per 100 leaves 

g/100 L grams per 100 liters 

g/100ml grams per 100 milliliters 

g/100 sd grams per 100 seeds 

g/100 stl grams per 100 stolons 

g/1000g grams per 1000 grams 

g/1000gr grams per 1000 grains 

g/13.125 ft2 grams per 13.125 square feet 

g/200 m2 grams per 200 square meters 

g/2500cm2 grams per 2500 centimeters 

squared 

g/4 d grams per 4 days 

g/400m grams per 400 meters 

g/5 kg soil grams per 5 kilograms soil 

g/5 m2 grams per 5 meters squared 

g/70d grams per 70 days 

g/acre grams per acre 

g/BDAY grams per bird-day 

g/bdwt e0.75 grams per body weight * 

1e0.75 

g/bee grams per bee 

g/cc grams per cocoon 

g/cm grams per centimeter 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-3 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

g/cm2 grams per square 

centimeter 

g/ctnr grams per experimental 

container 

g/d grams per day 

g/d/org grams per day per 

organism 

g/d/wght grams per day per 

weight 

g/dl grams per deciliter 

g/eu grams per experimental 

unit 

g/fed grams per feddan (1 

feddan = 1.038 acres) 

g/fish grams per fish 

g/fruit grams per fruit 

g/ft2 grams per square foot 

g/g bdwt grams per gram body 

weight 

g/g bdwt/d grams per gram body 

weight per day 

g/g dry humus grams per gram dry 

humus 

g/g fd grams per gram food 

g/g org grams per gram 

organism 

g GAIN/kg fd grams weight gained per 

kilogram food 

g/h grams per hour 

g H2O/dm2/h grams H2O per squared 

decameter per hour 

g/ha grams per hectare 

g/jv grams per juvenile 

g/kg grams per kilogram 

g/kg/d grams per kilogram per 

day 

g/kg bdwt grams per kilogram body 

weight 

g/kg bdwt/d grams per kilogram body 

weight per dry soil 

g/kg feed grams per kilogram of 

feed 

g/kg fd grams per kilogram food 

g/kg soil grams per kilogram soil 

g/1.2 kg soil grams per 1.2 kilogram 

soil 

g/1.4 kg soil grams per 1.4 kilogram 

soil 

g/1.6 kg soil grams per 1.6 kilogram 

soil 

g/1.8 kg soil grams per 1.8 kilogram soil 

g/L grams per liter 

g/LE grams per leaf 

g/m2 grams per square meter 

g/m3 grams per cubic meter 

g/org grams per organism 

g/org/d grams per organism per day 

g/org/42 d grams per organism per 42 

days 

g/org/eu grams per organism per 

experimental unit 

g/org/wk grams per organism per week 

g/quadrant grams per quadrant 

g/sample grams per sample 

g/shell grams per shell 

g/ug grams per microgram 

g/wk grams per week 

Gain:FD ratio of weight gained to 

weight of food consumed 

gal/acre gallons per acre 

gamma/day gamma/day (Von Bertalanffy 

growth) 

gamma/g TI gamma counts per gram 

tissue 

gg gamma gamma 

gila:neuron gila to neuron ratio 

grade grade

grain/panicle grains per panicle

h hour

H’ Shannon-Weiner Diversity

index 

HA units Hemagglutinating units 

hatchability hatchability 

hsk:gr ratio plant husk to grain

Hz Hertz

Hz/s Hertz per second

in inches

in2 inches squared

inclusion internuclear inclusion body

index index

IU International Units (One IU is

the amount of enzyme 

consuming or forming 1 umol 

substrate or 1 umol product 

per minute under standard 

conditions.) May also be 

noted as “SI units” (Système 

International d'unités) 

IU/g International Units per gram 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-4 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

IU/l International Units per 

liter 

IU/kg International Units per 

kilogram 

IU/kg bdwt International units per 

kilogram body weight 

IU/mg International Units per 

milligram 

IU/mg Hb International units per 

milligram hemoglobin 

IU/mg TI International units per 

milligram tissue 

IU/orgwt International Units per 

organ weight 

J/beat Joules per beat

J/d Joules per day

jv juveniles

jv/ad juveniles per adult

jv/cc juveniles per cocoon

jv/cntr juveniles per container

jv/eu juveniles per

experimental unit 

jv/fm juveniles per female 

jv/ftcc juveniles per fertile 

cocoon 

jv/lit juveniles per litter 

jv/mated fm juvenile per mated 

female 

jv/org/wk juveniles per organisms 

per week 

jv/org juveniles per organism 

k2/d elimination rate constant 

2 per day 

K units Karmen units 

KA units King/Armstrong units 

ka/d elimination rate constant 

a per day 

kBq kilobecquerels 

kBq/L kilobecquerels per liter 

kBq/dm3 kilobecquerels per cubic 

decimeter 

kBq/eu kilbecquerels per 

experimental unit 

kBq/ml kilbecquerels per 

milliliter 

K/ml karmen units per 

milliliter 

kcal kilocalories 

kcal/d kilocalories per day

kg kilograms

kg/0.5 m2 kilograms per 0.5 square

meters 

kg/11 m kilograms per 11 meters 

kg/d kilograms per day 

kg/eu kilograms per experimental 

unit 

kg/fed kilograms per feddan (1 

feddan = 1.038 acres) 

kg/ha kilograms per hectare 

kg/L kilograms per liter 

kg/mi2/mo kilograms per square mile per 

month 

kg/mu kilograms per mu 

kg/org kilograms per organism 

kg/org/d kilograms per organism per 

day 

kg/wk kilograms per week 

kJ/d/org kilojoules per day per 

organism 

kmol/m3 kilomoles per cubic meter 

KA/100ml king/armstrong units per 100 

milliliters 

KI:BR kidney to brain ratio 

Kunit/ml k unit per milliliter 

L liters

lamellae/axon lamellae per axon

layers layers

l/24 h liters per 24 hours

L/ha liters per hectare

l/l liter per liter

l/m2 liters per square meter

lb pounds

lb/11 gal/acre pound per 11 gallons per acre

lb/acre pounds per acre

lb/ac ft pounds per acre foot 

lbs ae/ac pounds acid equivalent per

acre 

lb/cwt sd pounds per hundred weight 

seed 

lb/d pounds per day 

lb/eu pounds per experimental unit 

lb/ft2 pounds per square foot 

lb/gal pounds per gallon 

lb/org/d pounds per organism per day 

lb/plot pounds per plot 

LGTH/s length per second 

LGTH:THIK ratio of length to thickness 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-5 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

LI:BR liver to brain ratio

lit litters

lit/pr litters per pair

ln(Wf/Wi) natural log(mean survivor

weight/mean initial 

weight) 

log rel log relative 

activity/intensity 

log2 log squared 

log2 titers log2 titers

log 10 ug/g org log 10 micrograms per

gram organism 

LU:BR lung to brain ratio 

maturity index maturity index 

m3 cubic meters 

mBq millibecquerels 

mBq/ml millibecquerels per 

milliliter 

mCi milliCuries 

mCi mg milliCuries milligram 

mCi/mg milliCuries per milligram 

mCi/ml millicuries per milliliter 

mCi/mmol milliCuries per 

millimoles 

mg CO2/dm2/h milligrams carbon 

dioxide per squared 

decameter per hour 

metric t/ha metric tons per hectare 

mM milliMolar (millimoles per 

liter) 

m enz act/mg millienzyme activity per 

milligram 

meq milliequivalents 

meq/g milliequivalents per gram 

meq/kg milliequivalents per 

kilogram 

meq/L milliequivalents per liter 

meq/100 g milliequivalents per 100 

grams 

mg milligrams 

mg1/3 milligrams to 1/3 power 

mg % milligrams percent 

mg C/g OM milligrams carbon per 

gram organic matter 

mg CO2/h/g milligrams carbon 

dioxide per hour per 

gram 

mg CO2/hr/g ndl milligrams carbon 

dioxide per hour per 

gram of needles 

mg NH3/ g org milligrams ammonia per gram 

of organism 

mg NH3/g org/h milligrams ammonia per gram 

of organism per hour 

mg O2/g org milligrams oxygen per gram 

of organism 

mg O2/g org/h milligrams oxygen per gram 

of organism per hour 

mg pro/g milligrams protein per gram 

mg urea /g org milligrams urea per gram of 

organism 

mg urea/g org/h milligrams urea per gram of 

organism per hour 

mg/% milligrams per percent 

mg/0/d milligrams per organism per 

day 

mg/10 g bdwt milligrams per 10 grams body 

weight 

mg/100g milligrams per 100 

grams 

mg/100g org milligrams per 100 grams 

organism 

mg/100g bw milligrams per 100 grams 

body weight 

mg/100g bw/d milligrams per 100 grams 

body weight per day 

mg/100kg org milligrams per 100 kilograms 

of organism 

mg/100 lbs milligrams per 100 pounds 

mg/100lb/d milligrams per 100 pounds 

per day 

mg/100 mg TI milligrams per 100 milligrams 

tissue 

mg/100ml milligrams per 100 

milliliters 

mg/10g milligrams per 10 grams 

mg/10g org milligrams per 10 grams 

organism 

mg/12h milligrams per 12 hours 

mg/24h milligrams per 24 hours 

mg/24h/kg milligrams per 24 hours per 

kilogram 

mg/3 kg milligrams per 3 kilograms 

mg/454g milligrams per 454 grams 

mg/70g milligrams per 70 grams 

mg/bee milligrams per bee 

mg/cc milligrams per cocoon 

mg/cntr milligrams per container 

mg/cm milligrams per centimeter 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-6 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

mg/cm2 milligrams per square 

centimeter 

mg/cm2*torr milligrams per square 

centimeter X Torr 

mg/cm2/d milligrams per square 

centimeter per day 

mg/cm3 milligrams per cubic 

centimeter 

mg/d milligrams per day 

mg/d/bdwt milligrams per day per 

body weight 

mg/d/wght milligrams per day per 

weight 

mg/d/100 mg orgmilligrams per day per 100 

grams organisms 

mg/d/100 lbs milligrams per day per 

100 pounds 

mg/dl milligrams per deciliter 

mg/dm3 milligrams per cubed 

decimeter 

mg/dose milligrams per dose 

mg/eu milligrams per 

experimental unit 

mg/fish milligrams per fish 

mg/g milligrams per gram 

mg/g ash milligrams per gram ash 

mg/g bdwt milligrams per gram 

body weight 

mg/g/ clay milligrams per gram clay 

mg/g fluid milligrams per gram fluid 

mg/g humus milligrams per gram 

humus 

mg/g N milligrams per gram 

nitrogen 

mg/g org milligrams per gram of 

organism 

mg/g pod milligrams per gram of 

pod 

mg/g soil milligrams per gram of 

soil 

mg/g/d milligrams per gram per 

day 

mg/g MIT micrograms per gram 

mitochondria 

mg/g pro milligrams per gram 

protein 

mg/g TI milligrams per 

gram tissue 

mg/gland/g bdwt milligrams per gland per 

gram body weight 

mg/h milligrams per hour 

mg/ha milligrams per hectare 

mg H2O/d*cm2*T milligrams water per 

day*square centimeters*Torr 

mg H2O/d*cm2*torr milligrams water per day X 

square centimeter X Torr 

mg/in2/d milligrams per square inch 

per day 

mg/jv milligrams per juvenile 

mg/kg milligrams per kilogram 

mg/kg bdwt milligrams per killogram body 

weight 

mg/kg bdwt/d milligrams per killogram body 

weight per day 

mg/kg bdwt/wk milligrams per 

kilogram body weight 

per week 

mg/kg dw org/d milligrams per kilogram dry 

weight organism per day 

mg/kg d soil milligrams per kilograms dry 

soil 

mg/kg diet milligrams per kilogram diet 

mg/kg dry wt milligrams per kilogram dry 

weight 

mg/kg fd milligrams per killogram food 

mg/kg litter milligrams per kilogram litter 

mg/kg media milligrams per kilogram media 

mg/kg org milligrams per kilogram 

organism 

mg/kg soil milligrams per kilogram soil 

mg/kg d soil milligrams per kilogram dry 

soil 

mg/kg TI micrograms per milligrams 

tissue 

mg/kg/d milligrams per kilogram per 

day 

mg/kg/fish milligrams per kilogram per 

fish 

mg/kg/L milligrams per kilogram per 

liter 

mg/kg org/d milligrams per kilogram 

organism per day 

mg/kg/wk milligrams per kilogram per 

week 

mg/kg wt milligrams per kilogram 

weight 

mg/kg wt/d milligrams per kilogram 

weight per day 

mg/l milligrams per liter 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-7 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

mg/L/d milligram per liter per 

day 

mg/L media milligrams per liter 

media 

mg/m3 milligrams per cubic 

meter 

mg/mg milligrams per milligram 

mg/mg node milligrams per milligram 

nodules 

mg/mi milligrams per minute 

mg/ml milligrams per milliliter 

mg/org milligrams per organism 

mg/org/d milligrams per organism 

per day 

mg/org/wk milligrams per organism 

per week 

mg N/100 ml milligrams nitrogen per 

100 milliliter 

mg/orwt milligrams per organ 

weight 

mg P/h/g TI milligrams phosphorus 

per hour per gram tissue 

mg/TI milligrams per tissue 

mg TI/g bdwt milligrams tissue per 

gram body weight 

mg TI/kg bdwt milligrams tissue per 

kilogram body weight 

mg/wk milligrams per week 

mg CO2/m2/sec milligrams carbon 

dioxide per squared 

meter per second 

mg p/g milligrams protein per 

gram 

mg% milligram % 

mg/vol milligrams per volume 

mi minute 

mi/d minutes per day 

mi/nmol Rh minutes per nanomoles 

per nanomol rhodopsin 

micronaires micronaires 

microns microns 

ml milliliters 

ML males 

ML/total males per total 

population 

ml/10 L milliliter per 10 liters 

ml/100g milliliters per 100 grams 

ml/100g BW milliliters per 100 grams 

body weight 

ml/100g bdwt/d milliliters per 100 grams 

body weight per day 

ml/16h milliliters per 16 hours 

ml/24 h milliliters per 24 hours 

ml/70d milliliters per 70 days 

ml/body wt milliliters per body weight 

ml/cntr milliters per container 

ml/d milliters per day 

ml/d/100g BW milliliters per day per 100 

grams bodyweight 

ml/d/org milliliters per day per 

organism 

ml/eu milliters per experimental unit 

ml/g food milliliters per gram food 

ml/g/h milliliters per gram per hour 

ml/h milliliters per hour 

ml/ha milliliters per hectare 

ml/injection milliters per injection 

ml/kg milliliters per kilogram 

ml/kg/d milliliters per kilogram per day 

ml/kg org/d milliliters per kilogram 

organism per day 

ml/lit males per litter 

ml/mi/kg milliliters per minute per 

kilogram 

ml/mi/100g milliliters per minute per 100 

grams 

ml/org milliliters per organism 

ml/org/d milliliters per organism per 

day 

ml/plot milliliters per plot 

mlcl/actin mlcl molecules per actin molecule 

ML:FM ratio of males to females 

mm millimeters 

mm x 100 millimeters x 100 

mmg micronmilligrams 

mmHG millimeters mercury 

mmHG/s millimeters mercury per 

second 

mm/d millimeters per day 

mm/org millimeters per organism 

mm/ug pro millimeters per microgram 

protein 

mM/g millimolar per gram 

mM/kg bdwt millimoles per kilogram body 

weight 

mM/L millimoles per liter 

mm2 square millimeters 

mm2/mm3 X 1e-9 square millimeters per cubic 

millimeter X 1 X 10 -9 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-8 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

mm2/org/d square millimeters per 

organism per day 

mm3 cubic millimeters 

(abbreviated in 

some 

literature as cmm) 

mm3/100g d soil cubic millimeters per 

100 grams dry soil 

mm3/L cubic millimeters per 

liter 

mm3/mg/h cubic millimeters per 

milligram per hour 

mm3/mm3 cubic millimeters per 

cubic millimeter 

mmol millimoles 

mmol/d millimoles per 

day 

mmol/g millimoles per 

gram 

mmol/g dry wt millimoles per gram dry 

weight 

mmol/100 g millimoles per 100 

grams 

mmol/g food millimoles per gram food 

mmol/h/g TI millimoles per hour per 

gram tissue 

mmol/kg millimoles per kilogram 

mmol/kg/d millimoles per kilogram 

per day 

mmol/kg soil millimoles per kilogram 

soil 

mmol/L millimoles per 

liter 

mmol/L soil millimoles per liter soil 

mmol/m2/s millimoles per square 

meter per second 

mmol/m3 millimoles per cubic 

meter 

mmol/mi/mg millimoles per minute 

per milligram 

mmol/mg/mi millimoles per milligram 

per minute 

mmol NO2/kg millimoles nitrogen 

dioxide per kilogram 

mmol H2O/m2/s millimoles water per 

square meter per 

second 

mo month 

mol moles 

mol/L moles per liter 

mol/g moles per gram

mol/g soil moles per gram soil

mol/m3 moles per cubic meter

mol/ml moles per milliliter

mol/org moles per organism

mol NO2/h/g moles NO2 per hour per gram

molal molality

mole% mole percent

M molar

morph/org ectomycorrhizal morphotypes

per organism 

mOsm milliosmoles 

mosmols/l mosmoles (conc osmotic 

particles in solution) per liter 

mouse unit/ml mouse units per milliliter 

MPa megaPascals 

mp/mg pro/15mi microsomal proteins/milligram 

protein per 15 minutes 

ms milliseconds 

mu milliunits 

mU/d microunits per day 

mU/g milliUnits per gram organism 

mU/ml milliunit per milliliter 

mU/24 h/kg milliunit per 24 hours per 

kilogram 

mu/mg milliunit per milligram 

mu/mi/ml milliunit per minute per 

milliliter 

mu/ml milliunit per milliliter 

mu/24 h milliunit per 24 hours 

mu/org milliunit per organism 

mW milliwatts 

N normal 

NA not applicable 

nCi nanoCuries 

nCi/g org nanoCuries per gram 

organism 

nCi/L nanoCuries per liter 

ng nanograms 

ng/100g bdwt nanograms per 100 grams per 

bodyweight 

ng/24h nanograms per 24 hours 

ng ATP/g d soil nanograms ATP per grams 

dry soil 

ng/cm nanograms per centimeter 

ng/cm2 nanograms per square 

centimeter 

ng/d nanograms per day 

ng/dl nanograms per deciliter 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-9 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

ng/egg nanograms per egg 

ng/eu nanograms per 

experimental unit 

ng/fish nanograms per fish 

ng/g nanograms per gram 

ng/g bdwt nanograms per gram 

body weight 

ng/g/d nanograms per gram per 

day 

ng/g diet nanograms per gram 

diet 

ng/g dry wt nanograms per gram dry 

weight 

ng/g wet wt nanograms per gram wet 

weight 

ng/g org nanograms per gram 

organism 

ng/g TI/4 h nanograms per gram 

tissue per 4 hours 

ng/gland nanograms per gland 

ng/kg nanograms per kilogram 

ng/kg fd nanograms per kilogram 

food 

ng/L nanograms per liter 

ng/mg nanograms per milligram 

ng/mg/mi nanograms per milligram 

per minute 

ng/mg fd nanograms per milligram 

food 

ng/mg pro nanograms per milligram 

protein 

ng/min nanograms per minute 

ng/mi/org nanograms per minute 

per organism 

ng/ml nanograms per milliliter 

ng/ml/mi nanograms per milliliter 

per minute 

ng/ml blood/d nanograms per milliliter 

blood per day 

ng/mm/day nanograms per 

millimeter per day 

ng/org nanograms per organism 

ng/orwt nanograms per organ 

weight 

ng/TI nanograms per tissue 

ng/ul nanograms per microliter 

nkat/mg pro nanokatals per 

milligrams protein 

nM nanomolar (nanomoles 

per liter) 

nM/L nanomolar per liter 

nM/g nanomolar per gram 

nM DSMN:uM LYSI nanomoles desmosine to 

micromoles lysine ratio 

nmol nanomoles 

nmol/100mg pro/h nanomoles per 100 milligrams 

protein per hour 

nmol ATP/g soil nanomoles adenosine 

triphosphate per gram of soil 

nmol DOPA/g/h nanomoles DOPA per gram 

per hour 

nmol enz/hr nanomoles enzyme per hour 

nmol mdhyde/g nanomoles malonaldehyde 

per gram 

nmol PBG/h/ml nanomoles 

porphobilinogen per 

hour per milliliter 

nmol PBG/g TI/h nanomoles porphobilinogen 

per gram tissue per hour 

nmol/g nanomoles per gram 

nmol/g pro nanomoles per gram 

protein 

nmol/g pro/mi nanomoles per gram per 

protein per minute 

nmol/g ro/4 h nanomoles per gram root per 

4 hours 

nmol/g/30mi nanomoles per gram per 30 

minutes 

nmol/g/4 mi nanomoles per gram 

nmol/g/mi nanomoles per gram per 

minute 

nmol/g/h nanomoles per gram per hour 

nmol/g humus nanomoles per gram per 

humus 

nmol/g soil nanomoles per gram soil 

nmol/g TI nanomoles per gram tissue 

nmol/g TI/h nanomoles per g tissue per 

hour 

nmol/h/mg pro nanomoles per hour per 

milligram protein 

nmol/h/ml RBC nanomoles per hour per 

milliliter red blood cells 

nmol/kg nanomoles per kilogram 

nmol/kg/m nanomoles per kilogram per 

minute 

nmol/l nanomoles per liter 

nmol/l RBC/h nanomoles per milliliter red 

blood cells per hour 

nmol MDA/mg pro nanomoles malonaldehyde 

per milligram protein 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-10 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

nmol/mg nanomoles per milligram 

nmol/ml nanomoles per milliliter 

nmol/mg pro nanomoles per milligram 

protein 

nmol/mg pro/mi nanomoles per milligram 

protein per minute 

nmol/mg/20mi nanomoles per milligram 

per 20 minutes 

nmol/mg/mi nanomoles per milligram 

per minute 

nmol/mgpro/30mi nanomoles per milligram 

protein per 30 minutes 

nmol/mg TI nanomoles per milligram 

tissue 

nmol/mi/g nanomoles per minute 

per gram 

nmol/mi/mg pro nanomoles per minute 

per milligram protein 

nmol/mi/ml nanomoles per minute 

per milliliter 

nmol/mi/ml RBC nanomoles per minute 

per milliliter red blood 

cells 

nmol/mlpro/30mi nanomoles per milliliter 

protein per 30 minutes 

nmol/nm p450/mi nanomoles per 

nanomole cytochrome 

P450 per minute 

nmol/org/h nanomoles per organism 

per hour 

nmol/org/0.5 h nanomoles per organism 

per 0.5 hours 

nmol/org/h nanomoles per organism 

per hour 

nmol/TI nanomoles per 

tissue 

no number 

no >15cm number that are greater 

than 15 centimeters 

no/1 mi number per 1 minute 

no/5 mi number per 5 minutes 

no/10 mi number per 10 minutes 

no/30 mi number per 30 minutes 

no/100 blsm clt number per 100 blossom cluster 

no/100u2 number per 100 square 

microns 

no/200 cells number per 200 cells 

no/1000 um2 number per 1000 square 

micrometers 

no/1500x field number per 1500x field 

no/5000 cells number per 5000 cells

no/area number per area

no/cell number per cell

no/cm number per centimeter

no/d number per day

no/eu number per experimental unit

no/fm number per female

no follicles number of follicles

no/g number per gram

no/g soil number per gram soil

no/h number per hour

no/ha number per hectare

no/litter number of organisms per litter

no/m2 number per square meter

no/mm3 number per cubic millimeter

(also known as no/cmm) 

no/mi number per minute 

no/mm2 number per square millimeter 

no/mm2 * 1e-4 number per square millimeter 

X 1 X 10-4 

no/mm3 * 1e-4 number per cubic millimeter X 

1 X 10 -4 

no/mm3 * 1e-8 number per cubic millimeter X 

1 X 10 -8 

no/neuron * 1e-3 number per neuron X 1 X 10 -

3 

no/nuclei number per nuclei 

no/org number per organism 

no/panicle number per panicle 

no/plot number per plot 

no/preg FM number per pregnant female 

no/sec number per second 

no/section number per section 

no/sertoli cells number per sertoli cells 

no/so number per shoot 

no/trap number per trap 

no/100 WBC number per 100 white blood 

cells 

no/100um2 number per 100 square 

micrometers 

no/1000 number per 1000 

no/1000 RBCE number per 1000 red blood 

cells 

no/33 lbs number per 33 pounds 

no errors no errors

no sites number of sites

NR not reported

nuclei:nucleoi ratio of nuclei to nucleoi

OD optical density

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-11 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

OD/100% RBC optical density of 100% 

red blood cells 

OD/g pro units of optical density 

change per gram protein 

OD/mg pro optical density per 

milligram protein 

OD/WGHT optical density per unit 

weight 

ODx10x3 optical density x10x3 

open bol/org open bolls per organism 

org organisms 

org/10 m organisms per 10 

meters 

org/100g soil organisms per 100g soil 

org/0.25ft2 organisms per 0.25 

square feet 

org/0.25m2 organisms per 0.25 

square meters 

org/0.3m organisms per 0.3 

meters 

org/50cm2 organisms per 50 square 

centimeters 

org/60 leaves organisms per 60 leaves 

org/200 m2 organisms per 200 

square meters 

org/200cm3 number of organisms per 

200 cubic centimeters of 

soil 

org/cm ro organisms per 

centimeter root 

org/cntr orgamisms per container 

org conc/soil c organism concentration 

per soil concentration 

org/d/cntr organisms per day per 

container 

org/eu organisms per 

experimental unit 

org/ft2 organisms per square 

foot 

org/fm organisms per female 

org/g organisms per gram 

org/g dry soil organisms per gram dry 

soil 

org/g humus organisms per gram 

humus 

org/g root organisms per gram root 

org/g soil organisms per gram soil 

org/ha organisms per hectare 

org/kg soil organisms per kilogram soil 

org/km2 organisms per square 

kilometer 

org/lit organisms per litter 

org/m2 organisms per square meter 

org/mi organisms per minute 

org/plot organisms per plot 

org/sample organisms per soil sample 

org/sector number of organisms per 

sector 

org/site organisms per site 

org/trap organisms per trap 

org/trap/d organisms per trap per day 

org/tree organisms per tree 

org/wk organisms per week 

OT optical transmission 

OT/1 cm WDTH optical transmission per 1 centimeter 

bone width 

OT/1 mm CCT optical transmission per 1 

milliimeter combined cortical 

thickness 

OT/10 cm BO optical transmission per 10 

centimeters bone 

OT/10 kg WGHT optical transmission per 10 

kilograms weight 

OV:BR ovary to brain ratio

oz/acre ounces per acre

% percent

%act percent activity

% arb percent arbuscularity

% ash percent ash

% of bdwt percent of body weight

% cell volume percent cell volume

% CEC % of soil cation exchange

capacity 

% change percent change 

% clitellate percent clitellate 

% corn percent corn pollen 

% cortex percent of cortex 

% dev CNTL percent deviation from control 

% d wght percent dry weight 

% dose ret percent dose retained 

% dose/h percent dose per hour 

% DT percent of digestive tract 

% earliness percent earliness (percent of 

total cotton yield obtained 

during the first picking) 

% FATL percent of total fatty acids 

%FM percent female 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-12 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

%lit percent of litter 

% mg percent milligrams 

% mg/g bdwt percent milligrams per 

gram body weight 

% ML percent male 

% NaCl percent sodium chloride 

% of CNTL percent of control 

% of diet percent of diet 

% of initial percent of initial quantity 

% of max yld percent of maximum 

yield 

% org percent of organisms 

% PRTL percent of total protein 

% RBC percent red blood cells 

% sat percent saturation 

% sperm percent sperm 

% tolerance percent tolerance 

% total oil percent of total oil 

content 

% g percent grams 

%/g percent per gram 

%*g percent multiplied by 

weight in grams 

% / min percent per minute 

%/ml percent per milliliter 

%/org/d percent per organism per day 

% of total percent of total 

% PLIPD percent of total 

phospholipid 

% total dose percent total dose 

% vol percent volume 

% wet wght percent wet weight 

%/d percent per day 

%/g TI percent per gram tissue 

%/wk percent per week 

[% inhib] [percent inhibition] 

% S/ppm Zn percent sulfur per parts 

per million zinc 

%succ br/rm percent successful 

broods per female 

% wght percent of weight 

% wght/org percent weight per 

organism 

% w/w percent weight per 

weight 

% w/v percent weight per 

volume 

% v/v percent volume per 

volume 

pc permeability constant 

PCI plastochron index 

pCi/g picoCuries per gram 

pCi/L picoCuries per liter 

pCi/ml picoCuries per milliliter 

pecks/s pecks per second 

pellet/d pellets per day 

pellet/org/d pellets per organism per day 

pellets pellets 

pg picograms 

pg/cell picograms per cell 

pg/dm3 picograms per cubic 

decimeter 

pg/g picograms per gram 

pg/L picograms per liter 

pg/mg org picograms per milligram 

organism 

pg/ml picograms per milliliter 

pg/org picograms per organism 

pg/TI picograms per tissue 

pH pH

PIg/L PI grams per liter

PLC:BL placenta to blood ratio

PL:BL plasma to blood ratio

pmol/hr/mg picomoles per hour per

milligram 

pmol/g picomoles per gram 

pmol/g/mi picomoles per gram per 

minute 

pmol/L picomoles per liter 

pmol/ml picomoles per millimeter 

pmol/mg picomoles per milligram 

pmol/mg/d picomoles per milligram per 

day 

pmol/mg pro/mi picomoles per milligram 

protein per minute 

pmol/mg pro/h picomoles per milligram 

protein per hour 

pmol/mg/mi picomoles per milligram per 

minute 

pmol/mg/ 10 mi picomoles per milligram per 

10 minutes 

pmol/mg/h picomoles per milligram per 

hour 

pmol/mg/nmol R picomoles per milligram per 

nanomol rhodopsin 

pmol/mi/g TI picomoles per minute per 

gram tissue 

pmol/mi/mg pro picomoles per minute per 

milligram protein 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-13 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

pmol/nm p450/mi picomoles per nanomole 

cytochrome P450 per 

minute 

ppb parts per billion 

ppb/2H/org per two hours per 

organism 

ppm parts per million 

ppm dw fd parts per million dry 

weight food 

ppm food parts per million food 

ppm H2O parts per million water 

ppm/organi parts per million per 

organism 

ppm soil parts per million soil 

ppm/eu parts per million 

per 

experimental 

unit 

prdt/mi/mg pro product formed per 

minute per milligram 

protein 

pt pints 

pt/ac pints per acre 

q/ha quintals per hectare (1 

quintal = 100 kilograms) 

[RA] [ratio: use the number, 

no unit needed] 

R weight/(length x width) 

an index of eggshell 

quality 

RA 1e-3 ratio * 1e-3

RA/wk ratio per week

rate/100 org rate per 100 organisms

rate/mi rate per minute

rev revolutions

rev/h revolutions per 5 hours

RF units RF units

rgv relative gray value

RI Ratcliffe index (shell 

wt/egg 

length x width mm2) 

RNA:protein RNA to protein ratio 

ro/so root to shoot ratio 

rpm revolution per minute 

RR Centric fusions 

RSA/TI relative specific activity 

per tissue 

RV:TV ratio of right ventricle to 

total ventricle 

s seconds

SA Specific activity

s/12 rpm seconds per 12 revolutions

per minute 

s/16 rpm seconds per 16 revolutions 

per minute 

s/8 rpm seconds per 8 revolutions per 

minute 

sd/org/d seeds per organism per day 

s/g seconds per gram 

s/h seconds per hour 

SFU sigma Frankel units 

sgth:thik Strength to thickness ratio 

sgth:wght Strength to weight ratio 

sigma u/100ml sigma units per 100 milliliters 

SL unit SL unit

so:gr ratio shoot to grain

so:ro ratio shoot to root

SP:BR spleen to brain ratio

species species

spines/ u area spines per unit area

str:gr ratio plant straw to grain

succ br successful broods

succ br/fm successful broods per female

T3:T4 Ratio of triidothyronine (T3) to

thyroxine (T4) 

t/ha tons per hectare 

t/ha gr/t/ha gr + str tons per hectare grain plus 

straw 

taxa taxa 

TE:BR testes to brain ratio 

tillers/m2 tillers per square meter

tons/acre tons per acre

top:root ratio plant tops to roots

treated:cntl ratio treated to control

TS:BR thymus to brain ratio

u units

u2 square microns

u3 cubic microns

u act unit activity (an increase in

absorbance at 555 nm of 

0.100, with a 1.0 cm light 

path, per milliliter of 

erythrocytes per hour, at 38 

C). 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-14 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

u act/h unit activity per hour 

u eq/g pro/mi microatom equivalents 

per gram protein per 

minute 

u/co2/50mg/10mi units per carbon dioxide 

per 50 milligrams per 10 

minutes 

u/d units per day 

u/mg N2 units per mg N2 

u/mg TI units per 

milligram tissue 

U/ml Units per milliliter 

U/ml RBC units per milliliter red 

blood cells 

U of fl units of fluorescence 

u/g units per gram 

units per liter 

u/mg units per milligram 

U/mg pro units per milligram 

protein 

u/ml units per milliliter 

u/TI units per tissue 

U/0.2 ml units per 0.2 milliliters 

uBq microBecquerels 

uCi microcuries 

uCi/100g org microcuries per 100 

grams organism 

uCi/3.6mg microcuries per 3.6 

milligrams 

uCi/30mg microcuries per 30 

milligrams 

uCi/L microcuries per liter 

uCi/g microcuries per gram 

uCi/g org microcuries per gram 

organism 

uCi/g soil microcuries per gram 

soil 

uCi/kg microcuries per kilogram 

uCi/mg microcuries per 

milligram 

uCi/ml microcuries per 

millimeter 

uCi/nmol microcuries per 

nanomoles 

uCi/org microcuries per 

organism 

uCi/ug microcuries per 

microgram 

uCi/ul microcuries per 

microliter 

ueq/l microequivalents per liter 

ueq/g microequivalents per gram 

ug micrograms 

ug% micrograms percent 

ug chl/cm2 micrograms chlorophyll per 

square centimeter 

ug chl/ mg leaf micrograms chlorophyll per 

milligram of leaf 

ug CO2/g d sl/h micrograms carbon dioxide 

per grams dry soil per hour 

ug enz/g/h microgram enzyme per gram 

per hour 

ug frmzn/100g micrograms formazan formed 

per 100 grams tissue 

(formazans: Coloured azo 

compounds formed by the 

reduction of tetrazolium salts. 

Employing this reaction, 

oxidoreductase activity can 

be determined quantitatively 

in tissue sections by allowing 

the enzymes to act on their 

specific substrates in the 

presence of tetrazolium salts. 

ug GHA/1e+6 c/h micrograms gammaglutamylhydroximate per 

1X10 +6 cells per hour 

ug N/g micrograms nitrogen per 

gram.) 

ug NANA/TI micrograms N-acetyl 

neuraminic acid per tissue 

ug Pi/mg micrograms Pi/milligram 

ug Pi/mg MIT micrograms Pi/milligram 

mitochondria 

ug POH/mg pro/m micrograms phenol per 

milligrams protein per minute 

ug pro ld/ne ug proteolipid per nerve pair 

ug TTC/mg pro/h micrograms triphenyl 

tetrazolium chloride reduced 

per milligram 

ug/0.1 ml/d/org micrograms per 0.1 milliliter 

per day per organism 

ug/0.5g micrograms per 0.5 grams 

ug/10 g bdwt micrograms per 10 grams 

body weight 

ug/100g micrograms per 100 grams 

ug/100 g bdwt micrograms per 100 grams 

body weight 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-15 

u/l 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

ug/100g/d micrograms per 100 

grams per day 

ug/100g org/d micrograms per 100 

grams organism per day 

ug/100 mg micrograms per 100 

milligrams 

ug/100mg/30mi micrograms per 100 milligrams 

per 30 minutes 

ug/100mg/h micrograms per 100 

milligrams per hour 

ug/100ml micrograms per 100 

milliliters 

ug/100ml RBC micrograms per 100 

milliliters red blood cells 

ug/200mg/20mi micrograms per 200 milligrams 

per 20 minutes 

ug/200mg/30mi micrograms per 200 milligrams 

per 30 minutes 

ug/24h micrograms per 24 

hours 

ug/24h/org micrograms per 24 

hours per organism 

ug/ 4d micrograms per 4 days 

ug/50ul micrograms per 50 

microliters 

ug/72h micrograms per 72 

hours 

ug/500g micrograms per 500 

grams 

ug/bee micrograms per bee 

ug/cell micrograms per cell 

ug/cm2 micrograms per 

centimeter squared 

ug/cm2/d micrograms per square 

centimeter per day 

ug/cm3 micrograms per cubic 

centimeter 

ug/d micrograms per day 

ug/d/org micrograms per day per 

organism 

ug/disk micrograms per disk 

ug/dl micrograms per deciliter 

ug/dm3 micrograms per cubic 

decimeter 

ug/egg micrograms per egg 

ug/eu micrograms per 

experimental unit 

ug/eu/d micrograms per 

experimental 

unit per day 

ug/fish micrograms per fish 

ug/g micrograms per gram 

ug/g ash micrograms per gram ash 

ug/g bdwt micrograms per gram body 

weight 

ug/g bdwt/d micrograms per gram body 

weight per day 

ug/g bdwt/wk micrograms per gram body 

weight per week 

ug/g dry cmpst micrograms per gram dry 

compost 

ug/g dry wt micrograms per gram dry 

weight 

ug/g d soil micrograms per gram dry soil 

ug/d diet micrograms per gram diet 

ug/g food micrograms pe gram food 

ug/g npro micrograms per gram 

nonprotein 

ug/g om micrograms per gram organic 

matter 

ug/g org micrograms per gram 

organism 

ug/g org/d micrograms per gram 

organism per day 

ug/g org/wk micrograms per gram 

organism per week 

ug/g org x 1E2 micrograms per gram 

organism x 1E2 

ug/g pro micrograms per gram protein 

ug/g soil micrograms per gram soil 

ug/g tissue micrograms per gram tissue 

ug/g wet wt micrograms per gram wet 

weight 

ug/g/d micrograms per gram per day 

ug/g/wk micrograms per gram per 

week 

ug/h/100 g micrograms per hour per 100 

grams 

ug/kg micrograms per kilogram 

ug/kg bdwt micrograms per kilogram 

body weight 

ug/kg bdwt/d micrograms per kilogram 

body weight per day 

ug/kg/d micrograms per kilogram per 

day 

ug/kg fd micrograms per kilogram food 

ug/kg LD micrograms per kilogram lipid 

ug/kg org micrograms per kilogram 

organism 

ug/kg org/d micrograms per kilogram 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-16 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

organism per day 

ug/kg soil micrograms per kilogram 

soil 

ug/kg TI micrograms per 

kilograms tissue 

ug/l micrograms per liter 

ug/l/d micrograms per liter per 

day 

ug/mg micrograms per 

milligram 

ug/mg food micrograms per 

milligram food 

ug/mg MIT micrograms per 

milligram mitochondria 

ug/mg pro micrograms per 

milligrams protein 

ug/mg pro/hr micrograms per 

milligram protein per 

hour 

ug/mg TI micrograms per 

milligram tissue 

ug/mi/mg pro micrograms per minute 

per milligram protein 

ug/min/ml micrograms per minute 

per milliliter 

ug/ml micrograms per milliliter 

ug/ml H2O micrograms per milliliter 

water 

ug/org micrograms per 

organism 

ug/org/d micrograms per 

organism per day 

ug/tank/wk micrograms per tank per 

week 

ug/TI micrograms per tissue 

ug/ul micrograms per 

microliter 

uIU/ml microInternational units 

per milliliter 

ul microliter 

ul3 cubic microliters 

ul/100ml microliter per 100 

millimeter 

ul/20ml microliter per 20 

millimeter 

ul/beat/kg microliters per beat per 

kilogram 

ul/cm2 microliter per square 

centimeter 

ulCO2/50mgTI/10 microliters carbon 

dioxide per 50 milligrams 

tissue per 10 minutes 

ul Eq/ml microliters equivalents per 

milliliter 

ul O2/g/h microliters O2 per gram per 

hour 

ul O2/hr/g microliters oxygen per hour 

per gram 

ul O2/mi/g microliters oxygen per minute 

per gram 

ul/egg microliters per egg 

ul/g microliters per gram 

ul/g bdwt microliters per gram body 

weight 

ul/g/h microliters per gram per hour 

ul/kg microliters per kilograms 

ul/L microliter per liter 

ul/ml microliter per milliliter 

uM microMolar 

um/s micrometers per second 

um2 micromoles squared 

um3 cubic micromoles 

um3 cubic micrometers or cubic 

microns 

um3/cell cubic micrometers per cell 

uM/cm3 micromoles per squared 

centimeter 

uM/h/l RBC micromoles per hour per liter 

red blood cells 

um/g/30mi micromoles per gram per 30 

minutes 

uM/h/mg pro micromolar per hour per 

milligram protein 

uM/kg micromolar per kilogram 

uM/kg wght micromolar per kilogram 

weight 

uM/l microMolar (micromoles per 

liter) 

uM/mg pro micromoles per milligram 

protein 

uM/min/g micromoles per minute per 

gram 

uM/ml micromolar per milliliter 

um/TI micromoles per tissue 

uM BAPNA/mi/mgP micromoles of BAPNA 

(benzoylarginie-p-nitroanilide) 

inhibited per minute per 

milligram protein 

uM BAPNA/mi/ml micromoles of BAPNA 

(benzoylarginie-p-nitroanilide) 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-17 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

inhibited per minute per 

milliliter 

uM BTEE/mi/mgP micromoles BTEE 

(N-benzyl-L-tyrosine 

ethyl ester) per minute 

per milligram protein 

uM P/g micromoles Phosphorus 

per gram 

uM SAPNA/mi/mgP micromoles of SAPNA 

(succinyl-1-(ala)3-p-nitro 

anilide) inhibited per 

minute per milligram 

protein 

uM SAPNA/mi/ml micromoles of SAPNA 

(succinyl-1-(ala)3-p-nitro 

anilide) inhibited per 

minute per milliliter 

uM TAME/mi/mgP micromoles TAME 

(toluenesulfonyl-L-arginin 

e methyl ester) per 

minute per milligram 

protein 

umol micromoles 

umol ASCA/mg pro micromoles ascorbic 

acid per milligram 

protein 

umol C2H4/g/h micromoles of ethylene 

produced per gram per 

hour 

umol C2H4/org/h micromoles of ethylene 

produced per organism 

per hour 

umol CO2/m2/s micromoles CO2 per square 

meter per second 

umol CO2/g/s micromoles CO2 per 

gram per second 

umol CO2/g ch/s micromoles carbon 

dioxide per gram 

chlorophyll per second 

umol GH/mgpro/m micromoles reduced 

glutathione per milligram 

protein per minute

umol NADPH/mg P micromoles NADPH per 

milligram protein per 

minute 

umol P/mg pro/h micromoles phosphorus 

per milligram protein per 

hour 

umol Pbg/h/g micromoles of 

porphobilinogen per hour 

per gram tissue 

umol Pi/mgp/30m micromoles Pi per milligram 

protein per 30 minutes 

umol Pi/mgpro/h micromoles Pi per milligram 

protein per hour 

umol pyv mg p/h micromoles pyruvate per 

milligram protein per hour 

umol/100g micromoles per 100 grams 

umol/100g org micromoles per 100 grams 

organism 

umol/100 ml micromoles per 100 milliliters 

umol/10g/h micromoles per 10 grams per 

hour 

umol/10mg/h micromoles per 10 milligrams 

per hour 

umol/20mi/g micromoles per 20 minutes 

per gram 

umol/dl/h micromoles per decaliter per 

hour 

umol/dm3 micromoles per cubic 

decimeter 

umol/eu micromoles per experimental 

unit 

umol/g micromoles per gram 

umol/g ash micromoles per gram ash 

umol/g pro/h micromoles per gram protein 

per hour 

umol/g soil micromoles per gram soil 

umol/g TI micromole per gram tissue 

umol/g wet wt micromoles per gram wet 

weight 

umol/g/h micromoles per gram per hour 

umol/g/mi micromoles per gram per 

minute 

umol/g/15 mi micromoles per gram per 15 

minutes 

umol/h/g pro micromoles per hour per 

grams protein 

umol/h/g TI micromoles per hour per gram 

tissue 

umol/h/TI micromoles per hour per 

tissue 

umol/h/mg pro micromoles per hour per 

milligram protein 

umol/kg micromoles per kilogram 

umol/kg media micromoles per kilogram 

media 

umol/kg org micromoles per kilogram 

organism 

umol/l micromoles per liter 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-18 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

umoles/l agar micromoles per liter agar 

umol/l RBC/mi micromoles per liter red 

blood cells per minute 

umol/m micromoles per 

meter 

umol/mg micromoles per 

milligram 

umol/mg/20 micromoles per 

milligram per 20 minutes 

umol/mg pro micromoles per 

milligram protein 

umol/mgpro/20 mi micromoles per 

milligram protein per 20 

minutes 

umol/mg pro/h micromoles per 

milligram protein per 

hour 

umol/mg/h micromoles per 

milligram per hour 

umol/mg/mi micromoles per 

milligram per minute 

umol/mi micromoles per minute 

umol/mi/g micromoles per minute 

per gram 

umol/mi/h micrograms per minute 

per hour 

umol/mi/l micromoles per minute 

per liter 

umol/mi/mg pro micromoles per minute 

per milligram protein 

umol/mi/ml micromoles per minute 

per milliliter 

umol/ml/mi micrograms per milliliter 

per minute 

umoles/g TI/h micromoles per gram 

tissue per hour 

umolNH3/1e+6c/h micromoles NH3 per 

1X10+6 cells per hour 

units/100ml units per 100 milliliters 

units/l units per liter 

units/mg pro units per milligram 

protein 

unit/mg pro/mi enzyme unit per 

milligram protein per 

minute 

uu/mg microunits per milligram 

uU/ml microunits per milliliter 

uu/mi/ml microunits per minute 

per milliliter 

uu/ml 

uV microvolts 

microunits per milliliter 

V response value

V/N response value per number of

response sites 

V/quadrant response value per quadrant 

v/v volume per volume 

WER water efficiency ratio 

wght/lit weight per litter 

wk week 

WO:LI whole organism to liver ratio 

[1/h] [one per hour: use /h] 

[10x2/mm3] [10x2 cubic millimeters:use 

/mm3] 

[10x3/mm3] [10x3 cubic millimeters:use 

/mm3] 

[10x6/ml3] [10x6 cubic milliliters: use 

/mm3] 

[10x6/mm3] [10x6 cubic millimeters:use 

/mm3] 

[10x6/ul] [10x6 microliters:use /ul] 

[10x9/l] [10x9 liters:use /l] 

1mg/10ml 1 milligram per 10 milliliters 

1e+1 kg 1 x 10+1kilograms 

1e+1 ug/g 1 X 10 +1 micrograms per 

gram 

1e+2 cal/g 1 X 10 +2 calories per gram 

1e+2 no/mm2 1 x 10 +2 per square 

millimeter 

1e+2 ug/g 1 X 10 +2 micrograms per 

gram 

1e+3 cell/mg TI 1 X 10 +3 cells per 

milligram tissue 

1e+3 cells 1 X 10 +3 cells 

1e+3 cm/d 1 X 10 +3 centimeters per 

day 

1e+3dpm/mg DNA 1 x 10+3 disintegrations per 

minute per milligram DNA 

1e+3dpm/mg RNA 1 x 10+3 disintegrations per 

minute per milligram RNA 

1e+3 dpm/TI 1 X 10 +3 disintegrations per 

minute per tissue 

1e+3 no 1 X 10 +3 number 

1e+3 no/cm 1 X 10 +3 number per 

centimeter 

1e+3 no/cm3 1 X 10 +3 number per cubic 

centimeter 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-19 
ECOTOX Code Appendix 

1e+3 no/mg SP 1 X 10 +3 

number per 

milligram spleen 

1e+3 RA 1 X 10 +3 ratio 

1e+3 um2 1 X 10 +3 square 

micrometers 

1e+3RNA/TCA/DNA 1 X 10 +3 (counts per 

minute TCA per 

milligram RNA) per 

milligram DNA 

1e+3/ml 1 X 10+3/milliliter 

1e+3/mm3 1 X 10+3/cubic 

millimeter 

1e+3 no 1 x 10+3 number 

1e+3 no/ul 1 x 10+3 number per 

microliter 

1e+3/ul 1 X 10+3/microliter 

1e+4 IU/TI 1 X 10 +4 International 

units per tissue 

1e+4 no/mg TI 1 x 10+4 number per 

milligram tissue 

1e+4 no/ml 1 X 10 +4 number per 

milliliter 

1e+4 ug/g 1 x 10+4 micrograms 

per gram 

1e+4 ug/TI 1 X 10+4 micrograms 

per tissue 

1e+4/mm 1 x 10+4/millimeter 

1e+4/mm3 1 x 10+4 per cubic 

millimeter 

1e+12 no/L 1 X 10+12 number/liter 

1e+5 no 1 X 10 +5 number 

1e+6 cells 1 X 10 +6 cells 

1e+6 cm 1 X 10 + 6 centimeters 

1e+6/ml 1 X 10+6/milliliter 

1e+6/mm3 1 X 10+6/cubic 

millimeter 

1e+6/ul 1 X 10+6/microliter 

1e+6 no 1 x 10+6 number 

1e+6 no/ul 1 x 10+6 number per 

microliter 

1e+6 no/cm3 1 X 10 +6 number per 

cubic centimeter 

1e+6 no/g TI 1 x 10+6 number per 

gram tissue 

1e+6 no/mm3 1 X 10 +6 number per 

cubic millimeter 

1e+6 no/org 1 x 10+6 number per 

organism 

1e+7/ml sperm 1 X 10+7 cells per milliliter 

sperm 

1e+8/mm3 1 x 10+8/cubic millimeters 

1e+8 no 1 x 10+8 number 

1e+9 no/l 1 X 10 +9 number per liter 

1e+9 no/ml 1 X 10 +9 number per millliter 

1e-1 mg/mg/d 1 X 10 -1 milligrams per 

milligrams per day 

1e-2 mm 1 x 10-2 millimeters 

1e-2 Nm 1 x 10-2 namometers 

1e-2 ug/g 1 X 10 -2 micrograms per 

gram 

1e-2 J/beat/kg 1 x 10 -2 Joules per beat per 

kilogram 

1e-3 cpm 1 x10-3 counts per minute 

1e-3 mg/mg/d 1 X 10 -3 milligrams per 

milligrams per day 

1e-3 RA 1 X 10 -3 molar 

1e-4dpm/g 1 x 10-4 disintegrations per 

minute per gram 

1e-4dpm/mg Pi 1 x 10-4 disintegrations per 

minute per milligram Pi 

1e-5/mm3 1 X 10 -5/cubic millimeter 

1e-2M 1 X 10-2 molar 

1e-3M 1 X 10-3 molar 

1e-4M 1 X 10-4 molar 

1e-5M 1 X 10-5 molar 

1e-6M 1 X 10-6 molar 

1e-7M 1 X 10-7 molar 

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 N-20 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 O-1

Appendix O. Ionic Fraction Codes

Actinium Ac

Aluminum Al

Americium Am

Ammonia

(un-ionized) NH3

Ammonium

(total) NH4

Ammonium nitrate NO3N

Ammonium nitrite NO2N

Antimonate SbO4

Antimony Sb

Argon Ar

Arsenate ASO4

Arsenic As

Astatine At

Azide N3

Barium Ba

Berkelium Bk

Beryllium Be

Bismuth Bi

Borate BO3

Borate B2O3

Boron B

Bromate B4O7

Bromate BrO3

Bromine Br

Cadmium Cd

Calcium Ca

Californium Cf

Carbon C

Cerium Ce

Cesium Cs

Chlorine Cl

Chlorine produced oxidant 

 CPOX

Chlorate ClO3

Chlorite ClO2

Chromium Cr

Chromate Cr2O7

Chromate (+6) CrVI

Cobalt Co

Copper Cu

Curium Cm

Cyanide CN

Dysprosium Dy

Einsteinium Es

Erbium Er

Europium Eu

Fermium 

Fm

Fluorine F

Francium Fr

Gallium Ga

Germanium Ge

Gold Au

Hafnium Hf

Hydrogen Cyanide HCN

Hydrogen sulfide ion HSHelium He

Holmium 

Ho

Hydrogen H

Indium In

Iodine I

Iridium Ir

Iron Fe

Krypton Kr

Lanthanum La

Lawrencium Lr

Lead Pb

Lithium Li

Lutetium 

Lu

Magnesium Mg

Manganate MnO4

Manganese Mn

Mendelevium Md

Mercury Hg

Methylmercury MeHg

Molybdnate MoO4

Molybdenum Mo

Neodymium Nd

Neon Ne

Neptunium Np

Nickel Ni

Niobium Nb

Nitrate NO3-

Nitrite NO2

Nitrogen N

Nobelium No

Not reported NR

Osmium 

Os

Oxygen O

Palladium Pd

Paraquat PQT

Pentachlorophenol PCP

Perchlorate ClO4

Phosphorus P

Platinum 

Pt

Plutonium Pu

Polonium Po

Potassium K

Protactinium Pa

Radium Ra

Radon Rn

Rhenium Re

Rhodium Rh

Rubidium Rb

Ruthenium Ru

Samarium Sm

Scandium Sc

Selenate SeO4

Selenite SeO3

Selenium Se

Silicate SiO2

Silicon Si

Silver Ag

Sodium Na

Sodium Azide NaN3

Strontium Sr

Sulfate SO4

Sulfur S

Tantalum Ta

Technetium Tc

Tellurium Te

Terbium Tb

Thallium Tl

Thiocyanate SCN

Thiosulfate S2O3 

Thorium Th

Thulium Tm

Tin Sn

Titanium Ti

Total Residual Bromine TRBr

Total Residual Chlorine TRCl

Total Residual Oxidant TROX

Triethyl lead Pb3E

Tributyltin TBT

Tributyltin oxide TBTO

Tungstate WO4

Uranium U

Uranium oxide

 (Uraninite) UO2

Vanadium V

Wolfram W

Xenon Xe

Ytterbium Yb

Yttrium Y

Zinc Zn

Zirconium Z
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 O-1

Gadolinium Gd Praseodymium Pr

Promethium Pm
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 P-1

Appendix P. Chemical Analysis Methods

Code Definition Description

M Measured Clearly states in the paper that the concentrations

reported by the author were measured.

U Unmeasured Author clearly identifies that the concentrations

are based on nominal values, or the author

presents concentration information, but does not

report information that chemical analysis was

conducted.

NR Not Reported Author describes methods for analyzing chemical

concentrations, but it is not clear that the values

presented are based on measured or nominal

concentrations.

X Unmeasured (some

measured values

reported in article)

Author clearly identifies that some of the

concentrations are based on nominal values while

other concentrations are based on measured

values, with the original nominal values also

reported. Record the nominal values in the dose

data field.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 Q-1

Appendix Q. Sample Unit Codes 

for Section V.5. Results Information

Code Definition

AB Above ground portion (plants)

AD Adult

BH Both male and female organisms exposed or

observed

BR Brood

C1 First Clutch

C2 Second Clutch

CC Cocoons

CL Cells

CB Combs

CT Containers

DC Deceased organism

EG Egg

EM Embryo

EU Experimental unit

F1 F1 generation

F2 F2 generation

F3 F3 generation

F4 F4 generation

FET Fetus

FB Mature, full-bloom (fruit trees) 

FF Fields (as in agriculture)

FG Female gametophyte 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

Code Definition

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 Q-2

FL Flower(s)

FM Female organisms

FX multiple generations

G1 females, 1st generation

G2 females, 2nd generation

G3 females, 3rd generation

GR Grains

GS Germinated seed 

HC Honey comb

HT Hatchling

JV Juvenile

KR Kernal

LE Leaf

LE1 1

st leaf

LE2 2

nd leaf

LE3 3

rd leaf

LE4 4

th leaf

LE5 5

th leaf

LE6 6

th leaf

LE7 7

th leaf

LE8 8

th leaf

LT Litters

LV Larvae

M1 males, 1st generation
ECOTOX Code Appendix

Code Definition

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 Q-3

M2 males, 2nd generation

M3 males, 3rd generation

MD Mature dormant 

MG Male gametophyte 

ML Male organisms

MT Mature, no specified stage 

MU Multiple

MX males, multiple generations

NF Non-pregnant females

NR Applicable information about the organisms was

Not Reported

NT Nest

OR Organism

PB Mature, post-bloom (fruit trees) 

PF Pregnant females

PH Mature, pit-hardening (fruit trees)

PL Plots

PR Pair

RB Mature reproductive, 2nd generation

RC Mature reproductive, 3rd generation

RO Root

RP Mature reproductive 

RS Root segments

SA Subadult

SC 2nd generation (M2), no spec.stage 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

Code Definition

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 Q-4

SD Seed 

SG Mature, side-green (fruit trees) 

SHL Shell

SL Seedling 

SM Samples

SV Survivor

TC Tissue culture callus 

TU Tubers

VC Vegetative clone

VG Mature vegetative 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 R-1

Appendix R. Effect Group Codes and Definitions 

GROUP/EFFECT

CODE(S)

DEFINITION

ACC/ACC Accumulation: Effects, measurements and endpoints which characterize the process by

which chemicals are taken into and stored in plants or animals. Includes lethal body

burden.

BEH/AVO, BEH,

FDB

Behavior: Overt activity of an organism represented by three effect groups - avoidance,

general behavior, and feeding behavior. All measurements related to reproductive behavior

are listed under the major effect group REP.

BCM/BCM, ENZ,

HRM, 

Biochemical: measurement of biotransformation or metabolism of chemical compounds,

modes of toxic action, and biochemical responses in plants and animals including three

effect groups - biochemical, enzyme and hormone effects.

CEL/CEL, GEN,

HIS

Cellular Effects: measurements and endpoints regarding changes in structure and

chemical composition of cells and tissues of plants or animals as related to their functions;

the three effect groups include cellular, genetic and histological effects.

GRO/DVP, GRO,

MPH

Growth: a broad category which encompasses measures of weight and length and

includes effects on development, growth and morphology. Development covers toxicant

effects on tissue organization in growing progeny. Growth represents length and weight

changes at any point in the life cycle. Morphology measurements and endpoints address

the structure (bones) and form (organ/tissue development) of an organism at any stage of

its life history.

MOR/MOR Mortality: measurements and endpoints where the cause of death is by direct action of the

chemical.

 PHY/INJ, IMM, 

ITX, PHY

Physiology: measurements and endpoints regarding basic activity in cells and tissues of

plants or animals. Four effect groups include injury, immunity, intoxication and general

physiological response.

POP/POP Population: measurements and endpoints relating to a group of organisms or plants of the

same species occupying the same area at a given time. 

REP/ REP, AEG Reproduction: measurements and endpoints to track the effect of toxicants on the

reproductive cycle. All measurements related to reproduction and care of progeny are

included in this category, including behavioral and physiological measurements. 

Measurements related to development of progeny are found under the major effect group

GRO, minor effect group DVP. The effect group AEG includes measurements of avian or

reptilian eggs.

SYS/PRS Ecosystem: measurements and endpoints to track the effects of toxicants on ecosystem

processes. Includes microbial processes.

NOC/NOC No Group Code: measurements related to multiple or delayed effects or endpoints reported

without a specific effect.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-1
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-2

Appendix S. Group Effect, Effect and Measurement Codes and Definitions

Note: Codes in < > need maintenance and should not be used for coding at this time.

ACC ACCUMULATION GROUP

ACC ACCUMULATION EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement Name Measurement Definition

ASML Assimilation of test

chemical

The conversion of nutrient or chemical into the fluid or solid substance of

the body, by the processes of digestion and absorption, whether in plants

or animals (Gray's on-line medical dictionary)

<BDBN> Body Burden Should be coded as RSDE. If this measurement is associate with an

endpoint, should be changed to LBCN or EBCN.

ELIM Elimination General term for loss or disappearance of a substance from an organism

by either passive or active transport mechanism, e.g. diffusion and

metabolic transformation. 

GACC Accumulation,

General

Used when more than one measurement is coded for an AQUIRE record..

LBCN Lethal Body

Concentration 

Also Lethal Body Burden. The body residue of a chemical that is

associated with mortality.

RATO Ratio Ratio of accumulated substance between two response sites, but not the

whole organism.

<RCVY> Recovery of Lead

Shot

RSDE Residue Amount of test chemical remaining in tissue after exposure. This includes

body burden or body concentrations. This also includes autoradiography

results.

TSLC Translocation the conduction of the test substance from one part of an organism to

another

UPTK Uptake The fraction of total available chemical in a medium (food, water) that is

transferred to the organism (measured as the incoming - outgoing

concentrations) OR a process by which materials are transferred into and

onto an organism.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-3
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-4

BEH BEHAVIOR GROUP

AVO AVOIDANCE EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition

CHEM Chemical Avoidance Avoidance or attraction to a chemical gradient.

FOOD Food Avoidance Avoidance or attraction to a chemical gradient in food.

GAVO Avoidance, General Unknown or multiple types of avoidance responses..

STIM Stimulus Avoidance Avoidance or attraction to a stimulus.

WATR Water Avoidance Avoidance or attraction to a chemical gradient in water.

BEH BEHAVIOR EFFECT

ACTP Accuracy of Learned

Task, Performance

ACTV Activity, General

ADOT Adopt/adoption Voluntary acceptance of the offspring of other parents to be as one's own

offspring (Gray's)

AGCL Aggregation/Clumpin

g

Grouped with the other organisms; aggregating in a group

AGGT Aggression Hostile, injurious, or destructive behavior or outlook especially when

caused by frustration (MW online).

APCH Approach To make advances to especially in order to create a desired result, to

come very near to (www.m-w.com)

ATCL Antennal Cleaning

ATSK Acquired task Ability to learn a new task

ATTK Attack, attacking to threaten with immediate injury or capture

BBBH Burrow or Burial

Behavior 

BITE Bite or biting To seize with the teeth.

BOBB Bobbing to move up and down in a short quick movement

BOWW Bow, bowing to bend the head, body, or knee

BWAX Bees Wax Produced

CASE Case Leaving

Behavior

Change in number of organisms emerging from a casing.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BEH BEHAVIOR EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-5

CMST Compactness of

Swimming Track

CNBL Cannibalism Eating other individuals of one's own species. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

COMA Colony Maintenance

(Bees)

COMB Comb Built

CRDN Coordination Harmonious functioning of muscles or groups of muscles in the execution

of movements.(www.m-w.com)

CRTP Continual

reinforcement task

performed

Performance of a task under continual reinforcement

DHST Diameter of Helix of

Swimming Track

DIGG Dig/digging to advance by removing or pushing aside material (Webster's)

DPLY Displaying Behavior

DRMT Dormant, Adverse

Condition Response

DTCH Ability to Detach

from Substrate

Change in ability of an organism to detach from or attach to a substrate.

DUMV Diurnal movements Movements made during the day

ECMB Empty Combs

EQUL Equilibrium Change in ability to maintain balance.

EXTN Extinction time it takes for a behavior to cease

FLIT Flight Behaviors include flag, evade, retreat, flee, freeze, defensive upright

posture, defensive sideways posture and oblique (Ref 58432)

FLTR Filtration Rate Change in rate of filtration.

FLYG Flying Behavior

FOOT Foot Retraction

FRTP Fixed ratio task

performed

A task performed under fixed ratio reinforcement

FRZG Freezing Behavior The act of stopping motion brought on by a stimulus.

FTTR Flutter to move with quick wavering or flapping motions
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BEH BEHAVIOR EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-6

GBHV Behavioral Changes,

General

Quantifiable change in activity including trained behavior.

<GPRD> Production, General

GRAB Grab, grabbing to take or seize by or as if by a sudden motion or grasp

GROM Grooming An animal's cleaning and caring for the body surface. This includes

preening, the cleaning and oiling of feathers with the bill or of hair with the

tongue. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

HMVT Horizontal

movements

Movements from side to side or on the horizontal plane

HONY Honey Produced

INST Sleeping Time,

Induced

JUMP Jumping To spring into the air : leap; especially : to spring free from the ground or

other base by the muscular action of feet and legs (www.m-w.com)

KILL Kill One organism killing another organism

LOCO Distance Moved,

Change in Direct

Movement 

Quantifiable change in direct movement .

MIGR Migration Quantifiable change in migration behavior.

MOTL Motility

NACT Non-social activity Behaviors include explore, scan, dig, push-dig, wash, self-groom,

scratch, jump and eat (Ref 58432)

NCMV Nocturnal

movements

Movements made during the night

NMVM Movements, Number

of 

NRES No response No response to the toxicant

NVOC Vocalizations,

Number of

ORNT Orientation To set or arrange in any determinate position especially in relation to the

points of the compass 

PALR Palmar grasp Ability to grasp with the palm of a hand.

PHTR Phototactic

Response

Attraction to or avoidance of light.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BEH BEHAVIOR EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-7

PLAR Placing reflex Flexion followed by extension of the leg (Dorlands Medical Dictionary)

POLC Pollen collected Collection of a mass of microspores in a seed plant appearing usually as

a fine dust (Websters).

POST Posture The position of the limbs or the carriage of the body as a whole.

(cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

PNPY Prey penetration The penetration of a pest into a plant root system.

PRVU Predator

Vulnerability 

Quantifiable change in ability to avoid or escape capture.

REST Rest A state of motionlessness or inactivity or a bodily state characterized by

minimal functional and metabolic activities (www.m-w.com)

RRSP Righting Response

RSNR Resting and not

ruminating

Lying down and not chewing cud.

RSPT Response Time to a

Stimulus

RSRU Resting and

ruminating

Lying down and chewing cud

RUBB Rub To move along the surface of a body with pressure

RVSE Reversals To turn completely about in position or direction (www.m-w.com)

SACT Social Activity Behaviors include attend, nose, groom, sniff, investigate, follow, pushunder, push-past, crawl-over and crouch (Ref 58432)

SDNR Standing and not

ruminating

Standing and not chewing cud

SDRU Standing and

ruminating

Standing and chewing cud

SEBH Search/explore

behavior

An active movement by which an organism seek resources. 

(http://www.colostate.edu/Depts/Entomology/courses/en507/student_pap

ers_1995/bradbury.html)

SLEP Sleep/Sleeping the natural periodic suspension of consciousness during which the

powers of the body are restored (Webster's)

SMEL Smell/Sniff to perceive the odor or scent of through stimuli affecting the olfactory

nerves (Webster's)

SRCH Stretch To enlarge or distend especially by force. (Webster's)

SRED Spread, Spreading to stretch out
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BEH BEHAVIOR EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-8

STLT Startle to frighten or surprise suddenly (Webster's)

STPY Stereotypy Frequent almost mechanical repetition of the same posture, movement, or

form of speech (as in schizophrenia) (www.m-w.com)

STRS Observed Stress Observed physiological tension or irritation in animals or plants.

SURF Surfacing

SWIM Swimming

THML Temperature

Tolerance

Change in tolerance to temperature change.

VACL Valve Closure Change in the ability to open or close a shell valve upon mechanical

stimulation and/or gaping response.

VCLF Visual Cliff

VIBR Vibrissae placing A sensorimotor reflex. The vibrissae (hair), but not the skin, is

manipulated and invokes a relex response.

VISP Visual placing The reaction of an organism in response to a visual stimuli. For example:

The fast movement of a finger towards a mouse normally elicits an

immediate reaction from the mouse. In addition, the mouse is held a few

centimeters above a grid (a wire mouse cage top) and should extend its

front limbs in an attempt to grasp the grid. This response is known as

visual placing. (http:/cmhd.mshri.on.ca/pdf)

VMVT Vertical or rearing

movements

To rise up on the hind legs (www.m-w.com)

WTCH Watch, watching to keep something under close observation

YAWN Yawn to open the mouth wide usually as an involuntary reaction to fatigue or

boredom (Webster's)

FDB FEEDING BEHAVIOR EFFECT

BGNG Begging Behavior

FCNS Food Consumption

(Amount or Rate)

FDNG Feeding Behavior

(Activity)

FECL Fecal Production

FEFF Feeding Efficiency

FSTR Food Storage
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-9

FTIM Feeding Time

GFDB Feeding Behavior,

General

LTBD Litter Breakdown

PRBE Predatory Behavior Change in ability to seek and capture prey.

STRK Strikes Number of times food source was hit.

WCON Water Consumption

BCM BIOCHEMICAL GROUP

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition

1HPY 1-Hydroxypyrene Main metabolite compound of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with four

to six rings (ECOREF#50442)

25HC 25-

Hydroxycholecalc

iferol

A 3,25-diol; the first step in the biological conversion of vitamin D3 to the

more active form, calcitriol; it is more potent than vitamin D3. Synonym:

calcidiol, calcifediol. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

3MTA 3-

Methoxytyramine

A metabolite of dopamine

4ORA 4-Oxo-retinoic

acid

An oxidative metabolite of retinoic acid. A highly active endogenous active

retinoid. (http://www.niwi.knaw.nl/elecpubl/imwo/niob/niobb.htm)

5HAA 5-Hydroxyindole

Acetic Acid

A product of serotonin metabolism excreted by patients with carcinoid

tumors. (5-HIAA.)

AABA Alphaaminobutyric

Acid

Inhibitory amino acid - alpha form of GABA

AAIB AAminoisobutyra

te

A group of compounds that are derivatives of the amino acid 2-

amino-2-methylpropanoic acid. (Gray's)

ABPT Androgen binding

protein

A protein secreted by testicular Sertoli cells along with inhibin and

mullerian inhibiting substance. Androgen binding protein probably

maintains a high concentration of androgen in the seminiferous tubules.

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/contents)

ACAR alpha-Carotene One of several orange or red crystalline hydrocarbon pigments C40H56

that occur in the chromoplasts of plants and in the fatty tissues of

plant-eating animals and are convertible to vitamin A 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-10

ACHL Acetylcholine A reversible acetic acid ester of choline, and a cholinergic agonist serving

as a neurotransmitter (ACh).

ACHP Acid-soluble

hydroxyproline

Specific proline residues on the amino side of a glycine residue in collagen

become hydroxylated at C4, before the polypeptides become helical, by

the activity of prolyl hydroxylase. This enzyme has a ferrous ion at the

active site and a reducing age

ACID Acid Produced

ACRR Acetylene

Reduction

Rate/plant Roots

Nodulated

ACTN Actin A muscle protein that is the chief constituent of the Z-band myofilaments

of each sarcomere. 

ADNY Adenvlate An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of cyclic AMP from ATP (MW

on-line)

ADOX Adenosine

diphosphate to

oxygen ratio

The ratio of adenosine diphosphate to oxygen 

ADPT Adenosine

diphosphate

(ADP)

A neucleotide, the 5'-pyrophosphate of adenosine, involved in energy

metabolism. It is produced by hydrolysis of ATP and converted back to

ATP by the process of oxidative phosphorolation and substrate

phosphorolation 

AGLB alpha-Globulins A simple globular protein which cannot be dissolved in pure water but

which can be dissolved if a salt is added to the water. It can also be

precipitated out of solution and into a solid with a solution of ammonium

sulphate at 50% saturation (Graylab on-line medical dictionary).

AGPT alphaglycerophosphateA salt or ester of either of the glycerophosphoric acids.

AIHP Acid-insoluble

hydroxyproline

Specific proline residues on the amino side of a glycine residue in collagen

become hydroxylated at C4, before the polypeptides become helical, by

the activity of prolyl hydroxylase. This enzyme has a ferrous ion at the

active site and a reducing age

AION Anions Negatively charged atoms or radicals.(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

ALAN Alanine A neutral amino acid occurring in two forms alpha and beta.

ALBE Albumen Energy Albumin - any protein that is soluble in water and moderately concentrated

salt soln, and is coagulable by heat.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-11

ALBM Albumin any of numerous simple heat-coagulable water-soluble proteins that occur

in blood plasma or serum, muscle, the whites of eggs, milk, and other

animal substances and in many plant tissues and fluids (Webster's).

ALCO Aluminum

Content

ALGL Albumin:Globulin

ratio

The ratio of Albumin to Globulin in a sample

ALLA Allantoin A crystallizable oxidation product of uric acid found in allantoic and

amniotic fluids and in fetal urine. 

ALLT Allantoic Acid A crystallizable acid obtained by hydrolysis of allantoin; intermediate

product in nucleic acid metabolism.

AMAC Amino Acid(s),

General Term

Any organic comp containing an amino and a carboxyl group.

AMAN Amino Acid

Nitrogen

The nitrogen associated with the amino acids in the body

AMMO Ammonia A colorless alkaline gas

AMNH P-amino

Hippurate

A salt of aminohippuric acid, the glycine conjugate of amniobenzoic acid,

salt is used to measure the effective renal plasma flor and to determine the

functional capacity of the tubular excretory mechanism (PAH or PAHA).

AMNN Amino Nitrogen Nitrogen combined with hydrogen in the amino group. Also known as

ammonia nitrogen.

AMPT Adenosine

monophosphate

(AMP)

A neucleotide, the 5'-phosphate of adenosine, involved in energy

metabolism. It is produced by hydrolysis of ATP and converted back to

ADP by adenylate kinase. Also called adenylic acid.

ANTH Anthocyanins Any of the intensely colored, sap-soluble glycoside plant pigments

responsible for most scarlet, purple, mauve, and blue coloring in higher

plants. 

ANTC Anthrocyanin

<AOCN> Arterial Oxygen

Content

Use OCON as measurement and response site ART

APCY Allophycocyanin Allophycocyanin (APC) is a large protein (approximate molecular weight

80 kd) containing many fluors. (http://www.drmr.com/abcon/APC.html)

APHT Alkaline

phosphate
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-12

APRO alpha-Proteins Protein:Any of a group of complex organic compounds which contain

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and usually sulfur, the characteristic

element being nitrogen and which are widely distributed in plants and

animals.

ARCH arachidonate An essential unsaturated fatty acid that humans use to synthesise

regulatory molecules such as prostaglandins and thromboxanes. It is

found in fatty animal tissue such as egg yolk and liver. 

ARGI Arginine An amino acid, produced by hydrolysis of proteins.

ASBT Ascorbate A salt or ester of ascorbic acid. (Gray's)

ASCA Ascorbic Acid Vitamin C. A white, crystalline, water-soluble vitamin found in many plant

materials, especially citrus fruit. 

ASCN Arsenic to

creatinine ratio

the ratio of arsenic to creatinine

ASCO Arsenic content

ASHC Ash Content The mass of incombustible material remaining after burning a given coal

sample as a percentage of the original mass of coal. 

ASPA Aspartate A salt of aspartic acid - a nonessential amino acid occurring in proteins.

ASPR Asparagine A nonessential amino acid that is the beta-amide if aspartic acid. It is

found in most plants, and has diuretic properties. It is used as a culture

medium for certain bacteria. (Dorland's)

ATCO alpha-Tocopherol

concentration

One of eight compounds that occur in nature that have vitamin E activity,

an essential vitamin that functions as an antioxidant.

ATPT Adenosine

Triphosphate

(ATP) A coenzyme composed of adenosinediphosphate with an additional

phosphate group; an important energy compound in metabolism.

7BRF 7-

Benzyloxyoxyres

orufin

B2MG beta2-

Microglobulin

A small, nonpolymorphic protein, homologous to the C3 domain of IgG,

that is one subunit of class I major histocompatibility antigens.

BACO Barium content

BAGA Bisphenol A

glucuronic acid

A major degradation product of bisphenol A subjected to renal excretion

(60614)

BCAR beta-Carotene One of several orange or red crystalline hydrocarbon pigments C40H56

that occur in the chromoplasts of plants and in the fatty tissues of

plant-eating animals and are convertible to vitamin A
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-13

BCON Boron Content

BFCO Bromoform

concentration

A colorless liquid, slightly soluble in water; used in the separation of

minerals.

BGLB beta-Globulins A simple globular protein which cannot be dissolved in pure water but

which can be dissolved if a salt is added to the water. It can also be

precipitated out of solution and into a solid with a solution of ammonium

sulphate at 50% saturation (Graylab on-line medical dictionary).

BGPR beta- and

gamma-Protein

Protein: Any of a group of complex organic compounds which contain

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and usually sulfur, the characteristic

element being nitrogen and which are widely distributed in plants and

animals. Proteins, the principal const

BHNC Behenic Acid

BIOT Biotin Content Biotin - structure identical to vitamin H and coenzyme R; ubiquitous

member of the Vitamin B complex required by or occurring in all forms of

life. 

BLLB Bilirubin A reddish yellow pigment C33H36N4O6 that occurs especially in bile and

blood and causes jaundice if accumulated in excess

(www.intelihealth.com Merrium-Webster Medical Dictionary)

BPHY b-phycoerythrin A protein

<BUNT> Blood Urea

Nitrogen

Nitrogen attached to urea which is a waste product of protein metabolism. 

Measured to assess kidney function. 

C4CD C4 acids Initial product of photosynthesis.

C9BT Total 9b,19-

cyclopropylsterol

s

Sterol - steroids with long aliphatic side chains at position 17 and at least

one alcoholic hydroxyl group, usually at position 3 with lipid-like solubility

CACO Calcium Content Found in nearly all organized tissues

CAAL Calcium to

aluminum Ratio

The ratio of the amount of calcium to aluminum in an organism or

organism's parts.

CAMP Adenosine

3',5'-cyclic

Monophosphate

A key regulator which acts to control the rate of a number of cellular

processes in bacteria, most animals, and some higher plants. 

CANA Calcium to

sodium ratio

Ratio of calcium to sodium in an organism or organism's tissues.

CAPH Calcium/Phospho

rus Ratio

Calcium and phosophorus form Calcium phosphate, the dense hard

material found in teeth and bones
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-14

CARB Carbohydrate An aldehyde or ketone derivative of a polydric alcohols, including starches,

sugars, coluloses and burns.

CARC Carotenoid

Content 

Isomeric pigments having colors from violet to yellow.

CARO Carotene Any of several red, crystalline carotenoid hydrocarbon pigments occurring

widely in nature, convertible in the animal body to Vitamin A. 

CAZN Calcium to Zinc

Ratio

Ratio of calcium to zinc in an organism or organism's tissues.

CCON Carbon Content

CDAI Cadmium

Accumulation

index

The ratio of a chemical in the organism to the ratio of the chemical in the

soil.

CDCO Cadmium

Content

CDST acid soluble thiol

CDPR Cadmium to

Phosphorus ratio

The ratio of cadmium to phosphorus.

CDZN Cadmium to Zinc

Ratio

The ratio of cadmium to zinc.

CERO Ceruloplasmin A blue copper containing dehydrogenase protein (135 kD) found in serum

(200-500_g/ml) that is apparently involved in copper detoxification and

storage and possibly also in mopping up excess oxygen radicals or

superoxide anions. (Gray's)

CGMP Cyclic guanylic

acid, cGMP

3',5' cyclic ester of guanylic acid. A second messenger generated by

guanylyl cyclase and is a major component of ribonucleic acids. (Gray's)

CHES Cholesteryl ester Esterified cholesterol. (ECOREF#67751)

CHLA Chlorophyll ‘A’

Concentration

Pigment found in photosynthetic cells; occurs in all organisms exhibiting

aerobic photosynthesis

CHLB Chlorophyll ‘B’

Concentration

Pigment found in photosynthetic cells; occurs in all higher plants

CHLC Chlorophyll C

concentration

Any of a group of green magnesium-containing porphyrin derivatives

occurring in all photosynthetic organisms. Chlorophylls act as respiratory

pigments, converting light energy to reducing potential. Chlorophyll C

occurs in diatoms and brown algae. 

CHLN Choline Considered to be a vitamin of the B complex, found in many animal and

plant tissues
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-15

CHLO Chlorophyll,

General

Pigment found in photosynthetic cells. Measurable change in chlorophyll

content including chlorophyll content, chlorosis.

CHLR Chloride Salt of hydrochloric acid; any binary comp of chlorine

CHOL Cholesterol A pearly, fatlike steroid alcohol, found in animal fats and oils, bile, blood,

brain tissues, milk, egg yolk, myelin sheath, liver, kidneys and adrenal

gland - precursor to Steroids and sex hormones.

CHYM Chymotrypsinoge

n

An inactive proteolytic enzyme of pancreatic juice; converted to the active

form, chymotrysin, by trypsin.

CITA Citric acid An important intermediate in the citric acid cycle which breaks down

glucose into water and carbon dioxide when oxygen is present. (Gray's)

CLCO Chlorine

concentration

CLLG Collagen The protein substance of the white fibers (collagenous fibers) of skin,

tendon, bone, cartilage and all other connective tissue, composed of

molecules of tropocollagen, it is converted into gelatin by boiling.

Collagenous pertaining to collagen, forming or producing collagen. (Gray's)

CLMD Calmodulin A calcium binding protein with four EF hand binding sites for calcium.

CMPH Camphor

Concentration

CMYS Chymotrypsin Serine proteases from pancreas. Preferentially hydrolyze Phe, Tyr or Trp

peptide and ester bonds. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

CNRA Carbon to

Nitrogen Ratio

CO2C Carbon Dioxide

Content

COAN Chlorpyrifos-oanalogA metabolite of the chemical Chlorpyrifos

COCO Cobalt Content

CP2K Cytochrome P2K

(CYP 2K)

Electron transfer hemeprotein having a mode of action in which the transfer

of a single electron is effected by the reversible valence change of the

central iron atom of the heme prosthetic group; P2K = pigment 2K

CP3K Cytochrome P3K

(CYP 3K)

Electron transfer hemeprotein having a mode of action in which the transfer

of a single electron is effected by the reversible valence change of the

central iron atom of the heme prosthetic group; P3K = pigment 3K
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-16

CPRP Coproporphyrin Produced by oxidation of the methylene bridges in coproporphrynogen - an

intermediate in the formation of heme; coproporphyrin III is excreted in the

feces in hereditary coproporphyria; 

CRBR Cerebroside Glycolipid found in brain (11% of dry matter). Sphingosine core with fatty

amide or hydroxy fatty amide and a single monosaccharide on the alcohol

group (either glucose or galactose). (Gray's)

CRCO Chromium

content

CREA Creatinine Anhydride of creatine; found in muscle and blood and excreted in the

urine.

CRLP Ceruloplasmin A blue copper containing dehydrogenase protein (135 kD) found in serum

(200-500_g/ml) that is apparently involved in copper detoxification and

storage and possibly also in mopping up excess oxygen radicals or

superoxide anions. (Gray's)

CRMD Ceramide An N-acyl sphingosine, the lipid moiety of glycosphingolipids

CRPR Chromium to

Phosphorus Ratio

CRTN Creatine A compound which is made by the body and is used to store energy in the

form of phosphate molecules.(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

CUAI Copper

Accumulation

index

The ratio of a chemical in the organism to the ratio of the chemical in the

soil.

CUCD Copper to

Cadmium ratio

The ratio of copper to cadmium.

CUCR Copper to Carbon

ratio 

The ratio of copper to carbon in a sample

CYTN Cysteine A crystalline sulfur-containing amino acid C3H7NO2S readily oxidizable to

cystine.

CYSI Cystine

CUCO Copper Content Metal; is essential in nutrition, component of various proteins

CUMN Copper to

Manganese Ratio

CUMO Copper to

molybdenum ratio

Ratio of copper to molybdenum in an organism or organism's tissues.

CUZN Copper to Zinc

Ratio
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-17

<D44T> Total 4,4

Dimethylsterols

Sterol - steroids with long aliphatic side chains at position 17 and at least

one alcoholic hydroxyl group, usually at position 3 with lipid-like solubility

DABT Dehydroascorbat

e

A salt or ester of dehydroascorbic acid. (Gray's)

DALA deltaAminolevulinic

acid

The delta-aminolevulinic acid (pronounce) synthase (ALA synthase)

reaction occurs in the mitochondria. The product of the reaction, ALA,

diffuses into the cytoplasm, where the next several steps of heme

synthesis occur. (http://medlib.med.utah.edu/NetBiochem/hi31.htm)

DASC Dehydroascorbic

acid

L-threo-2,3-hexodiulosonic acid gamma-lactone. The reversibly oxidised

form of ascorbic acid. It is the lactone of 2,3-diketogulonic acid and has

antiscorbutic activity in man on oral ingestion. (Gray's)

DDRP Didehydroretinyl

palmitate

A vitamin

DGDG Digalactosyl

Diglyceride

(Glycolipid)

Glycolipid - lipid contaiing carbohydrate groups, usually galactose. The

simplest are the glycodiacyl-glycerols.

<DI4T> Total 4-

dimethysterols

DHCA 1,25-

Dihydrocholecalci

ferol (also

Calcitriol)

The form of vitamin D3 that is biologically active in intestinal transport and

calcium resorption by bone. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

DHRT Dehydroretinol

(Vitamin A2)

3-Dehydroretinol; retinol with an additional double bond in the 3-4 position

of the cyclohexane ring. It is also called vitamin A2 (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk).

Also known as Didehydroretinol.

DISC Diethylsuccinate

Hydrolysis

DOPC 3,4-

Dihydroxyphenyla

cetic acid

A metabolite of dopamine.

DPHZ 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-

picryl hydrazyl

DPPA 2,3-

diphosphoglyceri

c acid

a by- product of glycolysis can bind with hemaglobin

(http://www.hhp.ufl.edu/classes/ess/Spring/Pet3351jd/pdf3351/3351Chapte

r10.PDF)

DRYM Dry matter All soluble and insoluble organic substances and inorganic substances

present in a sample except for water.

(www.florafood.com/common/documents/alidefpar.pdf)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-18

DSMN Desmosine Component of elastin, formed from four side chains of lysine and

constituting a cross linkage. (Gray's)

DTBL Direct Bilirubin

(Conjugated)

Bilirubin - breakdown product of heme, normally circulates in plasma as a

complex with albumin and is taken up by the liver cells and conjugated

ECCR Echinochrome A quinone, echinochrome, is the red coloring matter in sea urchins and

sand dollars. 

ECSP Eicosapentaenoa

te

A fatty acid.

ELST Elastin Glycoprotein (70 kD) randomly coiled and cross linked to form elastic

fibers that are found in connective tissue. Like collagen, the amino acid

composition is unusual with 30% of residues being glycine and with a high

proline content. Cross linking depends upon formation of desmosine from

four lysine side groups. The mechanical properties of elastin are poorer in

old animals. (Gray's)

ELYT Electrolytes A chemical compound which when molten or dissolved in certain solvents,

usually water, will conduct an electrical current. 

ENKP Enkephalins Natural opiate pentapeptides isolated originally from pig brain. Leu

enkephalin YGGFL) and Met enkephalin (YGGFM) bind particularly

strongly to _ type opiate receptors. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

EPNP O-Ethyl-O-pnitrophenylbenze

nethionophosphat

e

the amount of O-Ethyl-O-p-nitrophenylbenzenethionophosphate contained

within a response site

ERUC Erucic Acid A monoethenoid acid that is the cis isomer of brassidic acid and makes

up 40 to 50% of the total fatty acid in rapeseed, wallflower seed, and

mustard seed.

ESAA Amino Acids,

Essential

Amino acids required for protein synthesis that cannot be synthesized by

the organism and therefore must be maintained in the diet.

ETCO epsillonTocopherol

concentration

One of eight compounds that occur in nature that have vitamin E activity,

an essential vitamin that functions as an antioxidant.

ETSR Erythrocyte

sedimentation

rate

A test that measures the rate at which red blood cells settle through a

column of liquid. A non-specific index of inflammation.

(cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

7ERF 7-Ethoxyresorufin

ETHL Ethylene A colorless, flammable gas with a sweet taste and order.

FAME Fatty Acid Methyl

Ester
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-19

FATL Fatty acid, total Total amount of fatty acids .Any number of saturated aliphatic

monocarboxylic acids. A metabolic byproduct from the breakdown of fats. 

Chemically R COOH where R is an aliphatic moiety. 

FBNT Fibronectin A large glycoprotein found on the surface of cells and mediates cellular

adhesion, control of cell shape and cell migration.

FBRG Fibrinogen Soluble plasma protein (340 kD, 46 nm long), composed of 6 peptide

chains. (Gray's)

FEAI Iron

Accumulation

index

The ratio of a chemical in the organism to the ratio of the chemical in the

soil.

FEMN Iron to

Manganese Ratio

FENR Fenretinide (4-

Hydroxy-retinoic

acid)

A Vitamin-A derivative. A synthetic retinoid. It is an effective as an

antineoplastic agent. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

FEZN Iron to zinc ratio

FFTA Fatty Acids, Free

or Nonesterified 

Straight chained monocarboxylic acid, that are nonesterified; the fraction

of plasma fatty acids that are not in the form of glycerol; transported

complexed with albumin

FIBR Fiber Amount of fiber from a diet

FLRS Fluorescence Used for algae or other organisms that naturally fluoresce, may be used to

measure chlorophyll or population growth rate. For example, if it is

specifically stated that fluorescence is used to measure chlorophyll A,

code the measurement as CHLA. Property of emitting light while exposed

to light, the emitted light having a wavelength only slighltly longer than that

of the light absorbed 

FRCT Fructose A 6 carbon sugar (hexose) abundant in plants. Fructose has its reducing

group (carbonyl) at C2 and thus is a ketose, in contrast to glucose that

has its carbonyl at C1 and thus an aldose. Sucrose, common table sugar,

is the nonreducing disaccharide formed by an alpha linkage from C1 of

glucose to C2 of fructose (latter in furanose form). Fructose is a

component of polysaccharides such as insulin, levan. (gRAY'S mEDICAL)

FSPP Female specific

proteins

Proteins that only appear in female hemolymph during oocyte maturation

(http://biotech.korea.ac.kr/member/kimhr/17.pdf)

GABA gamma-Aminobut

yric acid

Thought to be a central nervous system postsynaptic inhibitory transmittor. 

GBCM Biochemical,

General

Biochemistry - the chemistry of living organisms and the vital processes;

physiological chemistry. 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-20

GCBN Gap charge

balance

A measurement used for determining blood gases. Because of

electrochemical balance the concentrations of serum cations and anions

are the same. However, in the routine measurement of electrolytes, more

anions are unmeasured than are cations; this leads to an expected "anion

gap." As typically calculated, the anion gap is based on only three

electrolytes: sodium, chloride and bicarbonate (or serum CO2).

(http://www.mtsinai.org/pulmonary/noninvasive/gaps.htm)

GD1A Ganglioside

GD1a

Any disease characterized, in part, by the abnormal accumulation within

the nervous system of specific gangliosides, e.g., GM2 gangliosidosis,

Tay-Sachs disease, caused by hexosaminidase A enzyme deficiency with

accumulation of GM2 ganglioside (Gray's)

GD1B Ganglioside

GD1b

Any disease characterized, in part, by the abnormal accumulation within

the nervous system of specific gangliosides, e.g., GM2 gangliosidosis,

Tay-Sachs disease, caused by hexosaminidase A enzyme deficiency with

accumulation of GM2 ganglioside (Gray's)

GESM Geosmin Geosmin, trans-1,10-dimethyl-trans-9-decalol, is a metabolite produced by

several cyanobacteria species at varying amounts.

GERA Geranyl Acetate

GERN Geraniol Used in perfumery and flavoring.

GGGH Glutathione

disulfide to

glutathione ratio

The ratio of glutathione disulfide to glutathione

GGLB gamma-Globulins A simple globular protein which cannot be dissolved in pure water but

which can be dissolved if a salt is added to the water. It can also be

precipitated out of solution and into a solid with a solution of ammonium

sulphate at 50% saturation (Graylab on-line medical dictionary).

GGM1 Ganglioside GM1 Form of gangliosidosis characterized by accumulation of g(m1) ganglioside

and oligosaccharides, and caused by an absence or severe deficiency of

beta-galactosidase a. The three phenotypes of g(m1) gangliosidosis are

called infantile (generalized), juvenile, and adult (types 1, 2, and 3

respectively), referring to the age at which clinical manifestations appear.

(Gray's)

GGT1 Ganglioside GT1 Any disease characterized, in part, by the abnormal accumulation within

the nervous system of specific gangliosides, e.g., GM2 gangliosidosis,

Tay-Sachs disease, caused by hexosaminidase A enzyme deficiency with

accumulation of GM2 ganglioside (Gray's)

GINS Ginsenosides

GLCN Glycine An amino acid
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-21

GLOB Globulin A simple globular protein which cannot be dissolved in pure water but

which can be dissolved if a salt is added to the water. (www.graylab.ac.uk)

GLTH Glutathione A widely distributed tripeptide that is important in plant and animal tissue

oxidation reactions. 

GLTL Galactolipid a glycolipid that yields galactose on hydrolysis

(http://www.fasthealth.com/dictionary/g/galactolipid.php)

GLTT Glutamate A salt or ester of glutamic acid. 

GLUC Glucose A sugar

GLYC Glycogen A polysaccharide stored in the liver and muscles

GLYP Glycoprotein

Composition

Glycoprotein - Any of a class of conjugated proteins containing both

carbohydrate and protein units.

GLYT Total Glycolipid

Content

Glycolipid - a lipid containing carbohydrate groups

GMIN Glutamine Monoamide of flutamic acid, important carrier of urinary ammonia and is

broken down in the kidney by the enzyme glutaminase

GNGL Ganglioside A glycosphingolipid that contains one or more residues of N acetyl or other

neuraminic acid derivatives. Gangliosides are found in highest

concentration in cells of the nervous system, where they can constitute as

much as 5% of the lipid. (Gray's)

GPRO Glial fibrillary

acidic protein

A protein found in microfilaments of gilal cells, helps distinguish glial from

non-glial tumors. (Grayline)

GSSG Glutathione

disulfide

A glutathione derivative that forms when the sulfhydryl side chains of the

cysteine residues of two glutathione molecules form a disulfide bond

during the course of being oxidised with various oxides and peroxides in

cells. (Gray's)

GTAS Glutamine and

asparagine

Glutamine: An amino acid. Monoamide of flutamic acid, important carrier

of urinary ammonia and is broken down in the kidney by the enzyme

glutaminase. Asparagine: A white crystaline amino acid found in many

plant seeds (McGraw-Hill, Scientific Dictionary)

GTCO gammaTocopherol

concentration

One of eight compounds that occur in nature that have vitamin E activity,

an essential vitamin that functions as an antioxidant.

GTMA Glutamic acid An amino acids commonly found in proteins. Plays a central role in amino

acid metabolism, acting as precursor of glutamine, proline and arginine.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-22

GYCL Glycerol content A sweet syrupy hygroscopic trihydroxy alcohol C3H8O3 usually obtained

by the saponification of fats and used especially as a solvent and

plasticizer .

H108 Heat shock

protein 108

Any of a group of a proteins that are synthesized in the cytoplasm of cells

as part of the heat shock response and act to protect the chromosomes

from damage.

H2O2 Hydrogen

Peroxide

Unstable colorless liquid used as a bleach, chemical intermediate, rocket

fuel, and antiseptic.

HCO3 Bicarbonate

(HCO3-)

concentration

A carbonate in which but half the hydrogen of the acid is replaced by a

positive element or radical, thus making the proportion of the acid to the

positive or basic portion twice what it is in the normal carbonates; an acid

carbonate; sometimes called supercarbonate. 

They are an important factor in determining the pH of the blood and the

concentration of bicarbonate ions is regulated by the kidney. Levels in the

blood are an index of the alkali reserve or buffering capacity. (Gray's)

HDCB Hydrocarbons An organic molecule which consists only of carbon and hydrogen atoms,

and no other elements (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

HDCH High density

lipoprotein

cholesterol:Total

cholesterol

The ratio between high density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol

concentrations in a sample

HDLC High density

lipoprotein

cholesterol

Lipoproteins, which are combinations of lipids (fats) and proteins, are the

form in which lipids are transported in the blood

HEME Heme Content Heme - any quadridentate chelate of iron with the four pyrrole groups of a

porphyrin; found in blood

<HEMT> Hematological

Parameters 

HGCO Mercury

concentration

The concentration of mercury found in a sample

HIST Histidine An amino acid

HITY Histidine to

tyrosine ratio

Ratio of histidine to tyrosine in an organism or organism's tissues

HMCT Hematocrit

(Anemia)

Measurement of the volume of packed red cells in a blood specimen after

centrifugation of hematocrit tube
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-23

HMCY Hemocyanin A blue respiratory pigment found only in mollusks and in arthropods other

than insects.

HMGL Hemoglobin Oxygen carrying pigment of the erythrocytes

HMGT Hemagglutinin An erythrocyte-agglutinating antibody.

HMPG 4-Hydroxy-3-

methoxyphenylgl

ycol

A metabolite of norepinephrine (abbreviated by MHPG)

HNMS N[3H-methyl]sco

polamine

HP20 Heat shock

protein 20

Any of a group of a proteins that are synthesized in the cytoplasm of cells

as part of the heat shock response and act to protect the chromosomes

from damage.

HP30 Heat shock

protein 30

Any of a group of a proteins that are synthesized in the cytoplasm of cells

as part of the heat shock response and act to protect the chromosomes

from damage.

HP32 Heat shock

protein 32

Any of a group of a proteins that are synthesized in the cytoplasm of cells

as part of the heat shock response and act to protect the chromosomes

from damage.

HP40 Heat shock

protein 40

Any of a group of a proteins that are synthesized in the cytoplasm of cells

as part of the heat shock response and act to protect the chromosomes

from damage.

HP42 Heat shock

protein 42

Any of a group of a proteins that are synthesized in the cytoplasm of cells

as part of the heat shock response and act to protect the chromosomes

from damage.

HP52 Heat shock

protein 52

Any of a group of a proteins that are synthesized in the cytoplasm of cells

as part of the heat shock response and act to protect the chromosomes

from damage.

HP60 Heat Shock 

Protein 60

(HSP60)

Any of a group of a proteins that are synthesized in the cytoplasm of cells

as part of the heat shock response and act to protect the chromosomes

from damage.

HP70 Heat Shock 

Protein 70

(HSP70)

Any of a group of a proteins that are synthesized in the cytoplasm of cells

as part of the heat shock response and act to protect the chromosomes

from damage.

HP72 Heat shock

protein 72

Any of a group of a proteins that are synthesized in the cytoplasm of cells

as part of the heat shock response and act to protect the chromosomes

from damage.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-24

P73 Heat shock

protein 73

Any of a group of a proteins that are synthesized in the cytoplasm of cells

as part of the heat shock response and act to protect the chromosomes

from damage.

HP75 Heat shock

protein 75

Any of a group of a proteins that are synthesized in the cytoplasm of cells

as part of the heat shock response and act to protect the chromosomes

from damage.

HP90 Heat shock

protein 90

Any of a group of a proteins that are synthesized in the cytoplasm of cells

as part of the heat shock response and act to protect the chromosomes

from damage.

HP96 Heat shock

protein 96

Any of a group of a proteins that are synthesized in the cytoplasm of cells

as part of the heat shock response and act to protect the chromosomes

from damage.

HPLN Hydroxyproline Specific proline residues on the amino side of a glycine residue in collagen

become hydroxylated at C4, before the polypeptides become helical, by

the activity of prolyl hydroxylase. This enzyme has a ferrous ion at the

active site and a reducing agent such as ascorbate is necessary to

maintain the iron in the ferrous state. The presence of hydroxyproline is

essential to produce stable triple helical tropocollagen, hence the

problems caused by ascorbate deficiency in scurvy. This unusual amino

acid is also present in considerable amounts in the major glycoprotein of

primary plant cell walls (see HRGP). (Gray's)

HSTM Histamine Formed by decarboxylation of histidine. Potent pharmacological agent

acting through receptors in smooth muscle and in secretory systems.

Stored in mast cells and released by antigen. (See hypersensitivity).

Responsible for the early symptoms of anaphylaxis. Also present in some

venoms. (Gray's)

HVLA Homovanillic acid A metabolite of dopamine

HXDC Hexadecenoate A fatty acid.

IBIL Indirect Bilirubin

(Free)

Bilirubin - breakdown product of heme, normally circulates in plasma as a

complex with albumin and is taken up by the liver cells and conjugated

ICON Iodine

concentration

The concentration of Iodine found in a sample

IDMN Isodesmosine +

Desmonine

Isodesmosine: 2-(4-amino-4-carboxybutyl)-1-(5-amino-5-carboxypentyl)-

3,5-bis(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)pyridinium. A rare amino acid found in

elastin, formed by condensation of four molecules of lysine into a

pyridinium ring. PLUS Desmosine: Component of elastin, formed from four

side chains of lysine and constituting a cross linkage. (Gray's)

ILEU Isoleucine An amino acid
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-25

IMNT Iso-menthone

ISDM Isodesmosine 2-(4-amino-4-carboxybutyl)-1-(5-amino-5-carboxypentyl)-3,5-bis(3-amino-3-

carboxypropyl)pyridinium. A rare amino acid found in elastin, formed by

condensation of four molecules of lysine into a pyridinium ring. (Gray's)

FECO Iron Content Metal that is an essential constituent of hemoglobin, cytochrome and

other components of respiratory enzyme systems; chief function is the

transport of oxygen to tissues and in cellular oxidation mechanisms

KCDR Potassium

Cadmium Ratio

The ratio of potassium to cadmium in a sample

KCUR Potassium

Copper Ratio

The ratio of potassium to copper in a sample

KNAR Potassium

Sodium Ratio

The ratio of potassium to sodium in a sample

LA2S L-Ascorbyl-2-

sulfate

LACT Lactate The anionic form of lactic acid, a salt of lactic acid

LAMT Total lauric acid

metabolites

 A total of all metabolism products of lauric acid. (ECOREF#67744)

LASC L-ascorbic acid Synonym-ascorbic acid (ASCA). Vitamin C. A water-soluble vitamin

found in many fruits and vegetables. (Dorlands)

LASS L-ascorbyl-2-

sulfate

A stable derivative of ascorbic acid used as a source of vitamin C.

 http://www.asasea.com/technical/AQ48-okeefe.pdf

LCCT Leucocrit (leukocrit) the volume percentage of leukocytes in whole blood

LCTA Lactic Acid Metabolic intermediate involved in biochemical processes, end product of

glycolysis

LCTS Lactose The major sugar in human and bovine milk. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

LDLP Low density

lipoprotein

 lipoprotein substances (combination of a fat and a protein) which acts as

a carrier for cholesterol and fats in the bloodstream. (Gray's)

LDNT Lipids, Neutral

LDPL Lipids, Polar
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-26

LDPO Lipid Peroxides Peroxides produced in the presence of a free radical by the oxidation of

unsaturated fatty acids in the cell in the presence of molecular oxygen.

The formation of lipid peroxides results in the destruction of the original

lipid leading to the loss of integrity of the membranes. They therefore

cause a variety of toxic effects in vivo and their formation is considered a

pathological process in biological systems. Their formation can be

inhibited by antioxidants, such as vitamin e, structural separation or low

oxygen tension. 

LNLN Linolenic acid An 18 carbon fatty acid with three double bonds (9, 12, 15,

octadecatrienoic acid) and isomers. Essential dietary component for

mammals. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

LPPX Lipoperoxide A chemical that impairs prostacyclin synthesis and promote thromboxane

synthesis, which can increase platelet aggregation.

PBAI Lead

Accumulation

index

The ratio of a chemical in the organism to the ratio of the chemical in the

soil.

PBCO Lead Content Metal

LEUC Leucine An amino acid

LGHE Leghemoglobin Leghemoglobin is a red-colored enzyme active in the environment of

N2-fixing nodules; leghemoglobin mediates the high O2 requirements of

the N2-fixing bacteroids and the necessity of the O2-limited environment.

LICO Lithium content

LIMO Limonene A terpene with a lemon odor that is found in oils from citrus fruits and in

oils from peppermint and spearmint. 

LINA Linalool A terpene that has a bergamot odor and is found in many essential oils,

paticularly in bergamot and rosewood; used as a flavoring agent and in

perfumes.

LINO Linoleic Acid A principal fatty acid in plants and considered essential in animal nutrition;

used in medicine, feeds, paints, and margarine.

LIPD Lipid Fat or fat-like substances, total lipid

<LIPT> goes to

LIPD

Lipid Content,

Total

LNEI Linolenic and

Eicosenoic Acid

Linolenic acid - One of the principle unsaturated fatty acids in plants and

essential fatty acids in plants and an essential fatty acid in animal

nutrition.

Eicosenoic acid - a saturated fatty acid; a constituent of butter. 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-27

LNLT Linoleate A fatty acid. A salt of linoleic acid.

LPFS Lipofuscin Any of a group of liquid pigments found in cardiac and smooth muscle cell,

in macrophages, and in parenchyma and interstitial cells; differential

reactions include sudanophilia, Nile blue staining, fatty acid , glycol, and

ethylene

LPSA Lipid Soluble

Antioxidants

Antioxidant - substance that prevents or delays deterioration by action of

oxygen

LYSI Lysine An amino acid

LUTE Lutein An orange xanthophyll C40H56O2 occurring in plants, animal fat, egg yolk,

and the corpus luteum.

MCHC Mean

Corpuscular

Hemoglobin

Concentration

The mean concentration of hemoglobin in the red blood cell

(hemoglobin/hematocrit).

MCHG Mean

Corpuscular

Hemeglobin

The mean mass of hemeglobin in the red blood cell (hemeglobin * 10/red

blood cell count).

MCON Mineral content Mineral content

MCPR Microsomal

Proteins

Proteins found in microsomes

MCPV Mean

Corpuscular

Volume

Measure average size of a single red blood cell. Used to classify

anemias.

Derived value obtained by dividing hematocrit / Total RBC

MCYS Microcystin .M. aeruginosa produces compounds called microcystins, which are

potent hepatotoxins and probable tumor promoters.

METH Methionine An amino acid

7MRF 7-

Methoxyresorufin

MGAL Magnesium to

aluminum ratio

The ratio of the amount of magnesium to aluminum in an organism or

oranism's parts.

MGCO Magnesium Metal, that is essential in nutrition, required for the activity of many

enzymes, especially those concerned with oxidative phosphorylation
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-28

MGDG Monogalactosyl

Diglyceride

(Glycolipid)

Content

Glycolipid - lipid contaiing carbohydrate groups, usually galactose. The

simplest are the glycodiacyl-glycerols.

MGLB Methemoglobin Hemoglobin in the oxidized state. Also methaemoglobin.

MLAT Malate A salt of malic acid.

MLDH Malondialdehyde Malonaldehyde is found in many foodstuffs and can be present at high

levels in rancid foods. It is present as a lipid metabolite in human and

animal tissues. It is probably used only as a research chemical. 

MNAI Manganese

Accumulation

index

The ratio of a chemical in the organism to the ratio of the chemical in the

soil.

MNAC Menthyl Acetate

MNCO Manganese

Content

Metal, occur in body tissue in very small amounts and acts as an activator

of liver arginase and other enzymes

MNFE Manganese to

iron ratio

Ratio of manganese to iron in an organism or organism's tissues

MNTH Menthone Oily, colorless ketonic liquid with slight peppermint odor.

MOCO Molybdenum

Content

A silvery metal used in iron-base alloys.

MRNN Marennine A blue pigment secreted by algae. 

MRXC Mirex

concentration

The amount of the chemical Mirex found in an organism, tissue or

response site

MTHL Menthol A compound used in medicines and perfumes, and as flavoring agent. 

Also known as peppermint camphor.

MTLN Metallothionein A group of vertebrate and invertebrate proteins that bind heavy metals that

may b e involved in zinc homeostasis and resistance to heavy-metal

toxicity. 

MUCR Muscarinic

Chlolinergic

Receptor

MYLN Myelin The material making up the myelin sheath of nerve axons.

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-29

NADG beta-N-Acetyl-DglucosaminidaseA lysosomal enzyme known to be released from macrophages during

inflammation.

<NADP> Nicotinamideadenine

Dinucleotide

Phosphate,

Reduced

(nicotinamide) NADP - a coenzyme compound of robosylnicotinamide 5'-

phosphate, serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions

NAKR Sodium:Potassiu

m Ratio

The ratio of sodium to potassium in a sample.

NAZN Sodium Zinc

Ratio

The ratio of sodium to zinc in a sample

NO3- Nitrate

NCON Nitrogen Gaseous element that is a constituent of protein and nucleic acids and is

present in all living cells

NEAA Amino Acids,

Nonessential

The amino acids required for protein synthesis that are synthesized by the

organism and are not specifically required in the diet

NICO Nickel Content

NIFE Nickel to nitrogen

ratio

Ratio of nickel to nitrogen in an organism or organism's tissues.

NKPH Enkephalin either of two peptides with opiate and analgesic activity that occur

naturally in the brain and have a marked affinity for opiate receptors (M.W.

On-line)

NOCO Nitric Oxide

concentration

This compound is produced from L arginine by the enzyme nitric oxide

synthase. Acts as a potent vasorelaxant via elevation of intracellular cGMP

in vascular smooth muscle. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

NPSH Nonprotein

Sulfhydryl

Sulfhydryl - the univalent radical of sulfur

NPSS Ninhydrid-positive

Substances

NRGC Energy

Compound
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-30

NRMA Neuraminic acid Sometimes known as sialic acid, but strictly one of a family of sialic acids

(which includes also N glycolyl neuraminic acid and O substituted

derivatives). It is a 9 carbon sugar formed by adding to mannose three

carbons from pyruvate. Occurs in the subset of glycolipids known as

gangliosides and in glycoproteins. The presence of its carboxyl group on

glycolipids and glycoproteins is responsible for much of the negative

charge on animal cell surfaces. (Gray's)

NSRA Nitrogen to sulfur

ratio

NSUG Non-reducing

sugars

Sugar and therefore does not react with amino acids or proteins.

NUAC Nucleic Acids A large, acidic, chainlike molecule containing phosphoric acid, sugar, and

purine and pyrimidine bases; two types are ribonucleic acid and

deoxyribonucleic acid.

NUTR Nutrient Status

Change

NXNT Neoxanthine Carotenoid pigments involved in photosynthesis. Consist of oxygenated

carotenes, eg. lutein, violaxanthin and neoxanthine. 

O1LA (omega -1)-

Hydroxy lauric

acid

Hydroxylation product of the metabolism of lauric acid. (ECOREF#67744)

O2LA (omega-2)-

Hydroxy lauric

acid

Hydroxylation product of the metabolism of lauric acid. (ECOREF 67744)

O3LA (omega-3)-

Hydroxy lauric

acid

Hydroxylation product of the metabolism of lauric acid. (ECOREF#67744)

O6LA (omega-6)-

Hydroxy lauric

acid

Hydroxylation product of the metabolism of lauric acid. (ECOREF#67744)

OACD Organic acids Initial product of photosynthesis.

OGLT Oxidized

glutathione

Predominant non-protein thiol in animal tissues and in many physiological

fluids

OHGL O2 Specific Bond

to Hemoglobin

OLCO Oil Content
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-31

OLEC Oleic Acid Yellowish, unsaturated fatty acid with lardlike aroma; the main component

of olive and cooking oils; used in soaps, ointments, cosmetics, and ore

beneficiation. 

OLYD Oil Yield

ONRA Oxygen to

nitrogen ratio

The ratio of oxygen to nitrogen in a sample

ORNI Ornithine An amino acid

OCON Oxygen Content

OSDB Oestradiol

breakdown

products

Amount of polar metabolites formed in nmoles/ g microsomal fraction from

the breakdown of estradiol.

OXHC Oxyhemocyanin Hemocyanine charged with oxygen

PARG Phosphoarginine A high-energy phosphate compound that is primarily found in invertebrates.

PALL Palmitoleic Acid An unsaturated fatty acid, found in marine animal oils. 

PALM Palmitic Acid A fatty acid derived from spermaceti; used to make metal palmitates and

in soaps, water-proofing , and lubricating oils. 

7PRF 7-

Pentoxyresorufin

PBHB Poly-bhydroxybutyrate

PBIC Lead 131-Iodine

content

The content of Lead 131-iodine found in an organism or tissue

PCBC PCB

concentration

The amount of the chemical(s) Polychlorinated biphenol(s) found in an

organism, tissue or response site

PCLV Packed Cell

Volume 

The venous hematocrit determined by centrifucation; the number of packed

red cells in ml/100ml of centrifuged blood

PCRE Phosphocreatinin

e

A high energy reservoir for ATP formation

(http://web.stcloudstate.edu/lsreerama/Assets/Biochem480/MetabGen.pdf)

PDST Phosphodiester

PEGE Polyethylene

Glycol (Peg)

Efflux
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-32

PFER Phosphorus to

Iron Ratio

PGE2 Prostaglandin E2 Any of a group of components derived from unsaturated 20 carbon fatty

acids, primarily arachidonic acid, via the cyclooxygenase pathway that are

extremely potent mediators of a diverse group of physiologic processes.

The abbreviation for prostaglandin is PG, specific compounds are

designated by adding one of the letters A through I to indicate the type of

substituents found on the hydrocarbon skeleton and a subscript (1, 2 or 3)

to indicate the number of double bonds in the hydrocarbon skeleton for

example, PGE2. All of the prostaglandins act by binding to specific cell

surface receptors causing an increase in the level of the intracellular

second messenger cyclic AMP (and in some cases cyclic GMP also).

The effect produced by the cyclic AMP increase depends on the specific

cell type.Increased cyclic AMP increases prostaglandin synthesis leading

to further increases in cyclic AMP. See also individual prostaglandins.

(cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

PHEN Phenylalanine An amino acid

PCON Phosphorus

Content

Essential element in the diet, found in bones, abundant in all tissues, is

involved in some form in almost all metabolic processes

PHPH pH Hydrogen ion concentration

PHSC Phosphatidyl

Choline

(Phospholipid)

Content

Choline attached to a phospholipid; major component of cell membranes

PHSE Phosphatidyl

Ethanolamine

(Phospholipid)

Content

A phospholipid with an ethanolamine attached; major constituent of cell

membranes

PHSG Phosphatidyl

Glycerol

(Phospholipid)

Content

PHSI Phosphatidyl

Inositol

(Phospholipid)

A phosopholipid with the sugar inositaol attached; minor constituent of cell

membranes

PHSP Phosphatide

Phosphorus

Phospholipid with phosphorus

PHST Phospholipid

Content, Total

Phosopholipid - major form of lipid in cell membranes
ECOTOX Code Appendix

BCM BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-33

3PPG 3-

phosphoglycerate

One of the molecules involved in the Calvin cycle which is the fixation of

carbon dioxide during photosynthesis

PHTC Phytochelatin Phytochelatins are small polypeptide compounds produced in plants by

enzymes which are expressed in response to heavy-metals (Cd2+, Pb4+) .

PHYC Phycocyanin A blue phycobilin. Phycobilin - any of various protein-bound pigments

which are open chain tetrapyrroles and occur in some groups of algae. 

PINE Alpha-pinene Isomeric unsaturated bicyclic terpene hydrocarbon liquids derived from

sulfate wood turpentine; used as solvents for coatings and wax

formulations, as chemical intermediates for resins, and as lube-oil

additives. 

PLAC Pulp:Acid Pulp to acid ratio

PLAT Platelets a minute flattened body, especially blood platelets 

PMST Phosphomonoest

er

PNAS p-Nitroanisol the amount of p-Nitroanisol contained within a response site

POLD Peroxidizable

lipids

Lipids that are able to be peroxidized.

PORP Porphyrin Found in prosthetic groups of hemoglobin, myoglobin, and cytochromes

KCON Potassium

Content

Metallic element of the alkali group, chief cation of muscle and most other

cells (intracellular fluid)

PPHT Phosphate Phosphate esters occur in many body constitutents including nucleotides

and nucleic acids, phospholipids, and phophoproteins

PRCO Protein Content Protein - principle component of protoplams of cells; a combination of

amino acids in peptide linkages.

PRLN Proline A heterocyclic amino acid occurring in essentially all proteins, and as a

major constituent in collagen protein.

PROB Protein binding

PRSH Protein bound

sulfhydryl

Protein bound sulfhydryl

PRSL Soluble Protein Protein - principle component of protoplams of cells; a combination of

amino acids in peptide linkages.

PRTL Protein, Total
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-34

PRTO Protoporphyrin Combines with heme to form the heme prosthetic group of hemoglobin and

myoglobin

PRUP Protein to urea

ratio

ratio of protein to urine

PSCY Plastocyanin A prototypical blue-copper 'cupredoxin' protein, whose function is electron

transfer in photosynthesis.

PSPH Phosphagen A nutrient formed from 3 specific amino acids that saturate muscle tissue

with creatine which is a compound of muscle energy production 

PSPI Phosphotidylserin

e and

phosphotidylinosi

tal

Derivatives of phosphatidic acids that are parts of biomembranes

PSPY Phosphoenol

pyruvate

An important metabolic intermediate. The enol (less stable) form of pyruvic

acid is trapped as its phosphate ester, giving the molecule a high

phosphate transfer potential. Formed from 2 phosphoglycerate by the

action of enolase. 

PYRT Pyrethin A relatively safe botanical poison derived from a species of

chrysanthemum, it breaks down quickly in the environment. It kills by

interfering with the pattern of insect nerve transmissions.

PYRV Pyruvate The end product of glycolysis (used synonymously with pyruvic acid) 

PZNR Phosphorus to

Zinc ratio

Ratio of phosphorus to zinc in an organism or organism's tissues.

RBGD Retinoyl betaglucuronideAn unstable metabolite of the vitamin A metabolite retinoic acid.

(http://www.pharmacy.ohiostate.edu/homepage/program/medchem/medc_curley.html)

RBVL Relative Blood

Volume

(Volume/100g

Body Weight)

Sum of red cell volume and plasma volume in relation to body weight

<RGSH> Reduced

Glutathione

Reduced form (less hydrogen) of glutathione

RHDP Rhodopsin Light sensitive pigment formed from retinal linked through a Schiff's base to

opsin:rhodopsin is an intefral membrane protein found in the discs of

retinal rods and cones, comprising some 40% of the membrane.

Vertebrate opsins are proteins of 38 kD. (Gray's)

RIBO Riboflavin Content The heat stable factor of the vitamin B complex; serves as a component of

two coenzymes - FAD and FMN
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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RIDX Refractive Index The refractive power of a medium with that of air which is assumed to be 1

RSUG Reducing sugars Reducing sugars refer to any saccharide bearing an anomeric carbon atom

which has not formed a glycosidic bond. So called because of the facility

with which the aldehyde group reduces mild oxidising agents.

SCCN Succinate A salt or ester of succinic acid; for example sodium succinate, the

reaction product of succinic acid and sodium hydroxide.

SCON Sulfur Content

SECO Selenium content

SERI Serine An amino acid

SESR Selenium to

sulfur ratio

SEWE Steryl esters and

wax esters

A component of the lipid content of organisms

SFTD Sulfatides Cerebroside sulfuric esters containing one or more sulfate groups in the

sugar portion of the molecule (Gray's)

SGMP Sugar

monophosphates

Initial product of photosynthesis.

SGRV Specific gravity the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of some substance

(as pure water) taken as a standard when both densities are obtained by

weighing in air 

SIAL Sialic acid A group of naturally occurring n- and o-acyl derivatives of the deoxyamino

sugar neuraminic acid. They are ubiquitously distributed in many tissues.

(Gray's)

SICO Silicon content The concentration of silicon found in a sample

SLAC Silicic acid

SLFH Sulfhydryl The univalent radical of sulfur, also known as thiel

SLFT Sulfate

concentration

The concentration of sulfate measured in a sample.

SPHG Sphingomyelin A group of phospholipids, found in brain, spinal cord, kidney, and egg yolk,

containing 1-phosphocholine (choline O-phosphate) combined with a

ceramide (a long-chain fatty acid linked to the nitrogen of a long-chain

base, such as sphingosine). Synonym: ceramide 1-phosphorylcholine,

phosphosphingosides. (Gray's)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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SPHS Sugar

phosphates

Initial product of photosynthesis.

SPIG Spiggin A glue protein produced by the kidney of a male stickleback that is used

as a cementing substance for the building of a nest (ECOREF#62582)

SPMD Spermidine A polyamine compound, C7H19N3, found in ribosomes and living tissues

and having various metabolic functions. It was originally isolated from

semen. (The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language:

Fourth Edition. 2000.)

SQVD Sulfoquinovosyl

diglyceride

A lipid

SSER Sulfur to

Selenium Ratio

<SMET> Secondary

Metabolism

NACO Sodium Content Alkaline metallic element, chief cation of the extracellular body fluids

SRCO Strontium

Content

SSUG Soluble Sugars

STER Stearic Acid Nature’s most common fatty acid, derived from natural animal and

vegetable fats.

STES Sterol esters Sterol esters are present in plant tissues, but as relatively minor

components other than in waxes. Usually the sterol components of sterol

esters are similar to the free sterols, although there may be relatively less

of stigmasterol (http://www.lipid.co.uk/infores/Lipids/sterols/)

STLD Saturated lipid or

fat

A fatty acid with all potential hydrogen binding sites filled (totally

hydrogenated fat) (Gray's)

STOL Sterols Any of a group of natural steroid alcohols derived from plants or animals;

they are waxy insoluble substances. (www.dictionary.com) Any steroidbased alcohol having a hydrocarbon (aliphatic) side-chain of 8-10 carbons

at the 17-beta position and a hydroxyl group at the 3-beta position (therfore

an alcohol). (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

STRH Starch Content Polysaccharide

SUGA Sugar Content A sweet carbohydrate
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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TAUR Taurine Is one of the most abundant amino acids in the body. It is found in the

central nervous system, skeletal muscle and is very concentrated in the

brain and heart. It is synthesized from the amino acids methionine and

cysteine, in conjunction with vitamin B6 (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

TBAR Thiobarbituric

Acid Reactive

Substances

TCTP translationally

controlled tumor

protein

TEAM Tetraethyl

Ammonium

The bromide and chloride salts are short acting quaternary ammonium

ganlion-blocking agents;

TERP T-terpinene

TFAA Amino Acids,

Total Free

THBA Thiobarbituric

Acid

A condensation of malonic acids and ureas; parent compound for a class

of barbiturates

THIA Thiamin A member of the water-soluble B vitamin group, necessary for energy

production and carbohydrate metabolism. Deficiency is known as beriberi.

Vitamin B1. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

THRE Threonine An amino acid

TICO Titanium content The concentration of titanium found in a sample.

TLCO Thallium content The concentration of thallium found in a sample.

TLBL Bilirubin, Total Bilirubin - breakdown product of heme, normally circulates in plasma as a

complex with albumin and is taken up by the liver cells and conjugated

TMAO Trimethylamine

oxide

Trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) is a common and compatible osmolyte in

tissue that is often credited with counteracting protein-destabilizing forces.

(www.cephbase.dal.ca/refdb/pdf/6856.pdf)

TNSC Total Nonstructural

Carbohydrate

TPPH Thiamin

pyrophosphate

The diphosphoric ester of thiamin, a coenzyme of several

(de)carboxylases, transketolases, and alpha-oxoacid dehydrogenases.

Synonym: aneurine pyrophosphate, cocarboxylase, diphosphothiamin.

(cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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TPSY Trypsin A proteolytic enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide linkages in

proteins.

TRIB Tributyrin A colorless fat, found in cows milk

TRIG Triglycerides

(Triacylglycerols)

A neutral fat synthesized from carbohydrates for storage in animal adipose

cells; on enzyme hydrolysis it releases free fatty acids in the blood

TRTY Trytophan to

tyrosine ratio

The ratio of trytophan to tyrosine in an organism or organism's tissues.

TRYP Tryptophan Amino acid

TRYS Trypsinogen The zymogen of trypsin, secreted in the pancreatic juice. Also known as

protrypsin.

TSFN Transferrin A protein that carries iron in the bloodstream (80 kD) found in mammalian

serum, a beta globulin. (Gray's)

TTAA Amino Acids,

Total

Measure of total amino acids - any organic comp containing an amino and

a carboxyl group

TTRN Transthyretin an a-globulin secreted by the liver; it forms a complex withretinol binding

protein and binds retinol, transporting it to the perhipial tissues. It may

also bind triiodothyonine or thyroxine although these are usually

transported by thyroxine-binding globulins. (Dorland's)

TYMD Thymidine A nucleoside derived from DNA; essential growth factor for certain

microorganisms in mediums lacking vitamin B12 and folic acid. 

TYRO Tyrosine An amino acid

UDPA Uridine

Diphosphate

(UDP)

Acetylglucosamin

e

UPRP Uroporphyrin Porphyrins are pigments found in both animal and plant life. This test is

useful in evaluating any number of porphyrin disorders (involving the various

porphyrins) of red blood cells.

UREA Urea Formed in the liver via the urea cycle from ammonia produced by the

deamination of amino acids

UREN Urea nitrogen The nitrogen associated with the urea in the body

URIC Uric Acid The end product of purine catabolism in primates. 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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VACC Vaccenic acid n-Trans-11-octadecenoic acid; an unsaturated fatty acid of which both cisand trans- isomers are found in butter and other animal fats

(cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

VALI Valine An amino acid

VCON Vanadium

content

VEPO Vitellogenin:protei

n ratio

The ratio of the amount of vitellogenin to the amount of protein in an

organism

VIDD Retinyl

palmitate:Dehydr

oretinyl palmitate

Ratio of Retinyl palmitate to Dehydroretinyl palmitate found in a sample

VITA Retinol (Vitamin

A)

Vitamin A1alcohol; 2,6,6-trimethyl-1-(9'-hydroxy-3',7'-dimethylnona1',3',5',7'-tetraenyl)cyclohex-1-ene;a half-carotene bearing the b (or betaionone) form of the cyclic end group and a CH2OH at the C-15 position

(numbering as in carotenoids) or 9'-position (numbering as a nonyl side

chain on a cyclohexene ring); an intermediate in the vision cycle, it also

plays a role in growth and differentiation. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk), Also

known as Retinyl palmitate.

VITE Vitellogenin The serum phospholipoglycoprotein precursor to egg yolk 

VIVT Vitellogenin:Vitelli

n ratio

The amount of Vitellogenin to the amount of Vitellin in a sample

VLDL Very low density

lipoprotein

Composed mostly of cholesterol, with little protein and used to transport

cholesterol, triglycerides and other lipids to various tissues. Often called

"bad cholesterol" because it deposits cholesterol on the wlls of arteries.

(NIH-medline)

VLXN Violaxanthine Carotenoid pigments involved in photosynthesis. Consist of oxygenated

carotenes, eg. lutein, violaxanthin and neoxanthine.

VMAC Vanillylmandelic

acid

A metabolite of norepinephrine.

VPRO Vimentin An intermediate filament protein found in mesodermally derived cells

including muscle. (Grayline)

VTAE Vitamin A ester

(Retinyl ester)

A compound that has a fatty acid bound to the alcohol group of retinol

(http://www.canr.uconn.edu/nusci/hpg/fatsolublenotes.pdf)

VTD3 Vitamin D3 Also called cholecalciferol; fat soluble vitamin
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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VTME Vitamin E Any of a series of eight related compounds called tocopherols,

alpha-tocopherol having the highest biological activity; occurs in wheat

germ and other naturally occuring oils.

WTCO Water Content The amount of water found in a sample.

<YLKE> Yolk Energy

ZNAI Zinc

Accumulation

index

The ratio of a chemical in the organism to the ratio of the chemical in the

soil.

ZNCD Zinc to cadmium

ratio

Ratio of zinc to cadmium in an organism or organism's tissues.

ZNCO Zinc Content Necessary in trace amounts in the body; it forms an essential part of

enzymes and plays an important role in protein synthesis and cell division

ZNFE Zinc to iron ratio Ratio of zinc to iron in an organism or organism's tissues

ZNNA Zinc to sodium

ratio

Ratio of zinc to sodium in an organism or organism's tissues.

ZNPP Zinc

protoporphyrin

A tightly bound, specific non-polypeptide unit required for the biological

function of some proteins.A prosthetic group consisting of a protoporphyrin

ring and a central iron (Zn) atom. High levels of zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP)

in blood indicate lead exposure 

(http://www.clunet.edu/BioDev/omm/catalase/frames/hemetx.htm)

ZPP2 Zona pellucide

protein 2

A glycoprotein that helps form a non-cellular membrane around a

developing egg (ECOREF#67746)

ZPRO Zona Radiata

Protein

Also known as: vitelline envelope, zona radiata, or eggshell protein. A

protein involved in the thickening of the cell membrane of the ovum. 

(partial definition: cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

ENZ ENZYME EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition

2OHB 2-OH Biphenyl

Hydroxylase

3HAO 3-

Hydroxyanthranilat

e oxygenase

An enzyme
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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450R NADPHcytochrome P-450

Reductase

4OHB 4-OH Biphenyl

Hydroxylase

5NLT 5-Nucleotidase

activity

A liver enzyme that can be measured in the bloodstream. It can be a

specific indicator for liver disease when it is elevated

AAPT Alanine

aminopeptidase

Catalysis of the release of an N-terminal amino acid, preferentially

alanine, from an oligopeptide or polypeptide. 

(http://www.informatics.jax.org/searches/GO.cgi?id=GO:0016284)

AATT Alanine

Aminotransferase

Abbreviated as ALT.

ACHE Acetylcholinestera

se

ACPH Acid Phosphatase

AEPX Aldrin Epoxidase

AFCD alpha-Fucosidase An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of an alpha-l-fucoside,

producing an alcohol and l-fucose; a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme

will result in fucosidosis. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

AGCE Angiotensin

converting enzyme

An enzyme of the hydrolase class that catalyses cleavage of the leucine

leucine bond in angiotensin to generate angiotensin. The enzyme is

synthesised as inactive prorenin in the kidney and released into the blood

in the active form in response to va

AGCT alphaGalactosidaseAn enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alphad-galactose residues in alpha-galactosides including galactose

oligosaccharides, galactomannans, and

galactolipids.(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

AGKN Arginine kinase Acts to maintain steady-state ATP concentrations by mobilizing stores of

high energy phosphate during periods of rapid ATP hydrolosis

AGSE alpha-Glucosidase Enzymes that catalyze the exohydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-glucosidic linkages

with release of alpha-glucose. Also known as alpha-D-Glucoside

glucohydrolases (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

AGTF Alanine gammaglutamyltransferas

e

an enzyme
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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AHDX Aniline

Hydroxylase

<AHHD> Aryl Hydrocarbon

Hydrolase

AKPT Alkaline protease These proteases work best in the pH range of 8 to 11 and are used widely

in washing powders and to de-hair hides.

AKPY Alkaline

pyrophoshatase

A group of enzymes within the class EC 3.6.1.- that catalyze the

hydrolysis of diphosphate bonds, chiefly in nucleoside di- and

triphosphates. They may liberate either a mono- or diphosphate.

ALAD (Delta) ) -

Aminolevulinic

Acid

Dehydratase

Also known as (Delta) ) -Aminolevulinic Acid

Dehydrase.

ALAS (Gamma) '-ala

Synthetase

ALDH Aldehyde

dehydrogenase

(ALDH)

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an aldehyde to its

corresponding acid.

ALDO Aldolase An enzyme in anaerobic glycolysis that catalyzes the cleavage of

fructose 1,6-diphosphate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. 

ALIE Ali esterase Ali esterase also known as carboxylesterase which catalyzes a

carboxylic ester to yield an alcohol and carboxylic acid anion; has wide

specificity; also hydrolyzes vitamin a esters; can be used to separate

stereoisomers; consider also esterase b which is a serine protease.

ALLN Allantoinase

Activity

ALPH Alkaline

Phosphatase

ALTM Alanine

transaminase

An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of l-alanine and 2-oxoglutarate

to pyruvate and l-glutamate. (Gray's)

AMYL Alpha-amylase

AMNS alphaMannosidaseCatalyses hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-d-mannose residues

in alpha-d-mannosides. Also known as alpha-d-mannoside

mannohydrolase, alpha-d-mannosidase, neutral alpha-mannosidase,

alpha mannosidase a, alpha mannosidase b, lysosomal

alpha-mannosidase, laman. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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AMTR Arsenite

methyltransferase

An enzyme of the biotransformation pathway that forms methylarsonate

from inorganic arsenite.

ANAE !-naphthyl

Acetate Esterase

APND Aminopyrine Ndemethylase

APRT Acid Protease Any of many protein-hydrolyzing enzymes that work best in an acidic

solution (usually in a pH range of 2-6). Such proteases include the

stomach enzymes pepsin and rennin 

APYR Acid

pyrophosphatase

A group of enzymes within the class EC 3.6.1.- that catalyze the

hydrolysis of diphosphate bonds, chiefly in nucleoside di- and

triphosphates. They may liberate either a mono- or diphosphate. 

ARMT Aromatase An enzyme which converts androgens to estrogens by desaturating ring a

of the steroid. This enzyme complex is located in the endoplasmic

reticulum of estrogen-producing cells including ovaries, placenta,

testicular sertoli and leydig cells, adipose, and b. Also known as

Estrogen synthetase or P450Arom

ASAT Aspartate

Aminotransferase

Usually abbreviated as AST.

ASCP Ascorbate

peroxidase

an enzyme

ASOA Ascorbic Acid

Oxidase Activity

A copper containing enzyme found in higher plants where it catalyses the

reversible oxidation of ascorbate to 2-dehydro-ascorbate acid with the

concomitant reduction of molecular oxygen to water

(http://www.cordis.lu/tmr/src/grants/fair/975021.htm).

ASPT Arylsulphatase Aryl sulphatases A, B and C comprise a group of enzymes originally

assayed by their ability to hydrolyze O sulphate esters of aromatic

substrates. Aryl sulphatase A, substrate cerebroside 3 sulphate, is

deficient in metachromatic leukodystrophy. Aryl sulphatase B, substrate

acetylhexosamine 4 sulphate in glycosaminoglycans, is deficient in

Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome. Aryl sulphatase C hydrolyses oestrogen

sulphates. All three are deficient in multiple sulphatase deficiency.

(cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

ATPA Adenosine

Triphosphatase

ATRP Alanine

Transpeptidase
ECOTOX Code Appendix

ENZ ENZYME EFFECT

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B5P4 b5/P-450

BAPH Benzo(a)pyrene

Hydroxylase

BAPM Benzo(a)pyrene

monooxygenase

An enzyme that catalyses the incorporation of one oxygen atom of

molecular oxygen into benzo(a)pyrene.

BCHE Buterylcholinester

ase

BCOD Butoxycoumurin

O-dealkylase

BGAL (Beta) #-

galactosidase 

BGCR betaGlucuronidasebeta-Glucuronidase hydrolyzes conjugated glucuronides. It is ubiquitous

in animal lysozymes. The enzyme has found wide application in

determining urinary steroids. (http://www.worthingtonbiochem.com/manual/G/GL.html)

BGMD betaGlucosaminidaseCleaves all non-reducing terminal beta-linked N-acetylglucosamine

(http://www.prozyme.com/glycopro/index.html#GE30)

BGSE beta-Glucosidase An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing

residues in beta-d-glucosides with release of beta-glucose. Also known

as beta-D-Glucoside glucohydrolase. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

<BHXA> Benzpyrene

Hydroxylase

BPND Benzphetamine-ndemethylase

BROD Benzylresorufin Odeethylase

C2K1 Cytochrome P450

2K1

A microsomal cytochrome p450 isoform protein. (CYP2K1)

C2M1 Cytochrome P450

2M1

A microsomal cytochrome p450 isoform protein. (CYP2M1)

CA27 Cytochrome P450

3A27

A microsomal cytochrome p450 isoform protein. (CYP3A27)

CAAH Carbonic

Anhydrase
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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CACA Choline

Acetyltransferase

CAPK Choline

phosphokinase

Also known as choline kinase and choline phosphotransferase. An

enzyme that is active in the first step of choline phosphoglyceride

(lecithin) biosynthesis by catalyzing the phosphorylation of choline to

phosphorylcholine in the presence of ATP. (Grey's online medical

dictionary)

CATP Calcium ATPase

CCAT Calcium

Carbonate ATPase

CCOX Cytochrome Coxidase

CEST Cholinesterase An enzyme found in blood and in various other tissues that catalyzes

hydrolysis of choline esters, including acetylcholine. 

CHIT Chitobiase One of the lysosomal glycosidases called Chitobiase belongs to a

special family of proteins that hydrolyze the polysaccharide chitin 

CP1A Cytochrome P1A

(CYP1A)

Electron transfer hemeprotein having a mode of action in which the

transfer of a single electron is effected by the reversible valence change of

the central iron atom of the heme prosthetic group; P1A = pigment 1A

CPSE Creatine

phosphokinase

An enzyme that is contained in skeletal muscle, smooth muscle and

cardiac muscle. Creatine phosphokinase is released into the bloodstream

in increased quantities if muscle in injured. Creatine phosphokinase can

be fractionated so that specific measurements can be made for blood

levels of creatine phosphokinase that comes exclusively from damaged

heart muscle. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

CRKI Creatine Kinase An enzyme of vertebrate skeletal and myocardial muscle that catalyzes

the transfer of a high-energy phosphate group from phosphocreatinine to

adenosinediphosphate with the formation of adenosinetriphosphate and

creatinine.

CSYN Citrate synthase An enzyme of the lyase class that catalyzes the condensation of

oxaloacetate and the acetyl group of coenzyme a to form of citrate and

coenzyme a. This is the initial reaction in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. 

CTHP Cathepsin Intracellular proteolytic enzymes of animal tissues, such as cathepsin B,

a lysosomal thiol proteinase, C, dipeptidyl peptidase, D, that has pepsin

like specificity, G, similar to chymotrypsin, H, that possesses

aminopeptidase activity, N, that attacks N terminal peptides of collagen

and so on. (Gray's)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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CTLS Catalase An enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into

molecular oxygen and water.

CTMT Catechol omethyltransferaseAn enzyme of the transferase class that catalyses the transfer of a

methyl group from s-adenosylmethionine to a catechol or catecholamine

such as dopa, dopamine, norepinephrine, or epinephrine (converting to

normetanephrine and metanephrine, respectively)

CYAA Cytochrome aa3 An enzyme complex of the inner mitochondrial membrane that catalyzes

the reaction between ferrocytochrome c and oxygen to yield

ferricytochrome c and water. It is associated with the pumping of protons

and the resultant phosphorylation of ADP to ATP. The reaction is the

terminal event in the electron transport scheme by which oxygen is used

for fuel combustion. It is a part of Complex IV of the respiratory chain. A

deficiency of one or more of the polypeptides of this complex results in

neuronal loss in brain leading to psychomotor retardation and

neurodegenerative disease. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/contents)

CYAM Cystine

aminopeptidase

Cystine an amino acid combined with Aminopeptidase which is an

enzyme that removes the N terminal amino acid from a protein or

peptide.(partial definition from http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

CY2B Cytochrome P2B

(CYP2B)

One of the intracellular hemoprotein respiratory pigments that are

enzymes functioning in electron transport as carriers of electrons 

CY2C Cytochrome P-450

CYP2C

Electron transfer hemeprotein having a mode of action in which the

transfer of a single electron is effected by the reversible valence change of

the central iron atom of the heme prosthetic group; found in the

endoplasmic reticulum that acts as an intermediary in MFO reactions

CYB5 Cytochrome B-5 Electron transfer hemeprotein having a mode of action in which the

transfer of a single electron is effected by the reversible valence change of

the central iron atom of the heme prosthetic group; found in the

endoplasmic reticulum that acts as an intermediary in MFO reactions

CYCC Cytochrome c +

c1

Cytochrome c is a type of cytochrome, a protein which carries electrons,

that is central to the process of respiration in mitochondria (an organelle

found in eukaryotes which produces energy). Cytochrome c1 is the 30-kD

membrane-bound c-type protein of mitochondria that functions as an

electron donor to cytochrome c in the mitochondrial and bacterial

respiratory chain. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/contents)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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CYP2 Cytochrome P2 Electron transfer hemeprotein having a mode of action in which the

transfer of a single electron is effected by the reversible valence change of

the central iron atom of the heme prosthetic group; found in the

endoplasmic reticulum that acts as an intermediary in MFO reactions

CYP3 Cytochrome P3A Electron transfer hemeprotein having a mode of action in which the

transfer of a single electron is effected by the reversible valence change of

the central iron atom of the heme prosthetic group; found in the

endoplasmic reticulum that acts as an intermediary in MFO reactions

CYST Cysteine

Dioxygenase

CYTB Cytochrome b Cytochromes (electron-transporting proteins) with protoheme or a related

haem as the prosthetic group. The prosthetic group is not covalently

bound to the protein moiety. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/contents)

CZSD Copper Zinc

superoxide

dismutase

CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) catalyses the dismutation

reaction of the total superoxide radical to molecular oxygen and hydrogen

peroxide. This type of SOD is distinguished by its metal prosthetic group,

Cu/Zn. (From Molecular Biophysics Group

DBHD delta-5-3-beta

hydroxysteroid

dehydrogenase

Converts dehydroepiandrosterone to delta-4-androstene-3,17-dione 

DBHX Dopamine betahydroxylaseThis enzyme converts dopamine into norepinephrine

(www.behavenet.com/capsules/neurochem/

dopaminebetahydroxylase.htm)

DEAS Dehydroascorbata

se

Catalyzes the hydrolysis of the gamma lactone, dehydroascorbate, to

diketogulonate. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

DHYD NADPH

Dehydrogenase

DSCA Diethylsuccinase

DTDP DT-diaphorase Prevents the redox cycling of certain compounds

ECOD Ethoxycoumurin

O-deethylase

ENCL Endocellulase An enzyme that is able to break beta 1-4 bonds randomly along a

cellulose strand 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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ENDM Ethylmorphine-ndemethylase

EPHY Epoxide Hydrase

EPND EPN (O-Ethyl-O-pnitrophenyl

phenylphosphonot

hionate)

detoxification

EROD 7-Ethoxyresorufin

O-deethylase

ESLI Esterase lipase Esterase is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of organic esters to

release an alcohol or thiol and acid. Lipase is an enzyme that catalyses

the hydrolysis of fats (monoglycerides, diglycerides and triglycerides) to

glycerol and fatty acids. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

ESST Estradiol

sulfotransferase

Estrogen sulfotransferase (EST) catalyzes the sulfation of estrogens such

as estradiol and estrone, using the cofactor3'-phosphoandenosine- 5'-

phosphosulfate (PAPS) (http://www.epa.gov/endocrine/inventory/NIEH091.html)

ESTE Esterase Any group of enzymes that catalyze the synthesis and hydrolysis of

esters.

ESTS Elastase Serine protease that will digest elastin and collagen type IV, inhibited by

_ 1 protease inhibitor of plasma. (Gray's)

EXCL Exocellulase An enzyme that is able to cleave the glucose molecules from the ends of

cellulose strands 

F16D Fructose 1,6-

diphosphatase

Fructose 1,6-diphosphatase (FDPase) (also termed fructose 1,6-

bisphosphatase) is a focal enzyme in gluconeogenesis via its conversion

of fructose 1,6-diphosphate (FDP) to fructose 6-phosphate (F-6-P), which

permits endogenous glucose production from 

FDPA Fructosediphosphate

Aldolase

FESD Iron superoxide

dimutase

Fe superoxide dimutase (FeSOD) caralyses the dimutation reaction of the

toxic superoxide radical to molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. This

type of SOD is distinguished by its metal prosthetic group, Fe. (From

University of Leeds PROMISE database)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

ENZ ENZYME EFFECT

*

GGT is also used for gamma glutamyl transpeptadase, a liver enzyme; prior to using the GGTR code verify that indeed GGT is used

as the transferase in the current publication. The gamma glutamyl transpeptadase code is GGTP (proposed code).

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-49

FMOO Flavin-containing

monooxygenase

(FMO)

A microsomal enzyme responsible for metabolism of some drugs

(http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/drugReactions/default.htm)

G6PD Glucose-6-

phosphate

Dehydrogenase

G6PT Glucose-6-

phosphatase

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of d-glucose 6-phosphate and

water to d-glucose and orthophosphate.

GCTA Glucosyltransferas

e

An enzyme which transfers residues of glucose (a sugar) to acceptor

molecules. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

GENZ Enzyme, General Change in enzyme activity or enzyme protein levels.

GGCS gammaGlutamylcysteine

synthetase

An enzyme that catalyses the first step in glutathione biosynthesis,

reacting l-glutamate, l-cysteine, and ATP to form gammaglutamylcysteine, ADP, and orthophosphate; inhibited by thiols such as

glutathione.(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

GGTP gamma-glutamyl

transpeptidase

An enzyme contained in the liver that plays a role in metabolism. 

GGTR (Gamma) '-

glutamyl

Transferase*

GLAD Glutamic Acid

Dehydrogenase

GLMC Glutamate

decarboxylase

A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that catalyzes the alpha-decarboxylation of

l-glutamic acid to form gamma-aminobutyric acid and carbon dioxide. The

enzyme is found in bacteria and in invertebrate and vertebrate nervous

systems. It is the rate-limiting enzyme in determining gaba levels in

normal nervous tissues. The brain enzyme also acts on l-cysteate, lcysteine sulfinate, and l-aspartate.

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/contents)

GLMD Glutamate

Dehydrogenase

GLMS Glutamine

Synthetase

An enzyme which catalyzes the formation of glutamine from glutamic

acid and ammonia, using ATP as a source of energy.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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GLMT Glutamate

transferase

GLPP Glycogen

phosphorylase

Enzyme that catalyses the sequential removal of glycosyl residues from

glycogen to yield one glucose-1-phosphate per reaction. Its activity is

controlled by phosphorylation (by phosphorylase kinase).

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

GLPX Glutathione

Peroxidase

Glutathione peroxidase catalyzes the reduction of various organic

hydroperoxides, as well as hydrogen peroxide, with glutathione as

hydrogen donor

GLRE Glutathione

Reductase

GLTR Glucuronyl

Transferase

GLUR (Beta) #-

glucoronidase

GLUT Glutaminase an enzyme

GLYD Glyceraldehyde

Dehydrogenase

GMPP Cyclic guanylic

acid

phosphodiesterase

, cGMP PDE

an enzyme involved with the process of sight

GOTR Glutamicoxaloacetic

Transaminase

GPIM Glucose

phosphate

isomerase

An enzyme that converts glucose-6-phosphate to its positional isomer

glucose-1-phosphate

GPTR Glutamic Pyruvic

Transaminase

GSTR Glutathione Stransferase

GTPD Glutamyl

transpeptadase

A membrane-bound glycoprotein necessary for the formation of

mercapturic acids from glutathione congugates, This enzyme has a

number of acceptor amino acids and catalyzes three reactions. 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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GULO L-Gulonolactone

oxidase

an enzyme which oxidizes l-gulonolactone to 2-keto-l-gulonolactone

(http://www.positivehealth.com/permit/Articles/Nutrition/vitc3.htm)

GUPX 

 

Guaiacol

Peroxidase

Plant peroxidase. Guaiacol peroxidases have also been found in sterile

root exudates and shown to oxidize Mn2+ to form Mn3+ chelates that

are capable of decolorizing aromatic dyes. 

(http://lbewww.epfl.ch/COST837/PhytoRemed2000_Files/Session2.pdf)

Peroxidase is commonly assayed by noting the development of color

(A470) during the oxidation of a simple phenolic compound, guaiacol

(ortho-methoxyphenol). For every four molecules of H2O2 that are

reduced, one molecule of tetraguaiacol is formed (http://wwwplb.ucdavis.edu/courses/s99/plb111l/Enzymes.html).

 

HAFS N-Hydroxy-2-

acetylaminofluoren

e sulfotransferase

A growth hormone dependant, liver enzyme involved in the microsomal

metabolism of testosterone (58214)

HBDS alphaHydroxybutyrate

dehydrogenase

an enzyme

HEPX Heptachlor

epoxidase

HOXY Heme oxygenase

(Haem oxygenase)

A mixed function oxidase enzyme which during haemoglobin catabolism

catalyses the degradation of haem to ferrous iron, carbon monoxide and

biliverdin in the presence of molecular oxygen and reduced NADPH. The

enzyme is induced by metals, particularly cobalt.

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

HPSE Hydrogen

Peroxidase

HXBH Hexobarbital

Hydroxylase

HXKN Hexokinase Enzyme responsible for glucose phosphorolation to glucose-6-phosphate

ICDH Isocitrate

dehydrogenase

IPYR Inorganic

pyrophosphate

A chemical that can block bone mineral crystal formation

(http://www.homestead.com/hypophosphatasia/files/page8.html)

ITMD Iodothyronine 5'-

monodeiodinase

An intergral membrane bound selenoenzyme (ECOREF#48163)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

ENZ ENZYME EFFECT

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LADH Lactate

Dehydrogenase

An enzyme with 5 forms: LDH-1 is in the heart, its blood level can rise

when heart muscle is damaged. Other forms can be found in the liver,

brain, kidney, skeletal muscle and bone. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

Usually abbreviated as LDH.

LCDH Lactic

dehydrogenase

The enzyme that catalyses the formation and removal of lactate

according to the equation: pyruvate + NADH = lactate NAD.

(cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

LDMD Lactate

Dehydrogenase/m

alic

Dehydrogenase

Ratio

LEAM Leucine

aminopeptidase

An exopeptidase that removes neutral amino acid residues from the N

terminus of proteins. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

LGDD L-Gulonate

dehydrogenase

and decarboxylase

Enzymes involved in the metabolism of L-ascorbic acid (58373)

LIPS Lipase Any of many enzymes that help break down lipids by catalyzing the

fraction of an ester linkage

LNSE l-Leucyl-betanapthylamide

splitting enzyme

Frequently used to test for leucine aminopeptidase (ec 3.4.11.1) activity;

hydrolyzes naphthylamides of leucine.(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

LYSO Lysyl oxidase Extracellular enzyme that deaminates lysine and hydroxylysine residues

in collagen or elastin to form aldehydes, that then interact with each other

or with other lysyl side chains to form crosslinks. (Gray's)

LYZM Lysozyme activity Enzyme found in the secretions (tears) of the lacrimal glands of animals

and in nasal mucus, gastric secretions, and egg white. Discovered in

1921 by Sir Alexander Fleming, lysozyme catalyzes the breakdown of

certain carbohydrates found in the cell walls of certain bacteria (e.g.,

cocci). It thus functions, in the case of lacrimal fluid..." name=tag>

MADH Malic

Dehydrogenase

MALE Malic Enzyme

MAOA Mono Amino

Oxidase
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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MCAT Magnesium

Carbonate ATPase

MCOD Methoxycoumarin

O-dealkylase

MG6P Microsomal

Glucose 6-

phosphatase

MGAT Maganesium

ATPase

MLCB Malathion

Carboxylesterase

MLDA Malate

dehydrogenase

An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of (s)-malate and NAD+ to

oxaloacetate and NADH. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

MNSD Manganese

Superoxide

Dismutase

MROD Methoxyresorufino-deethylase

MUDH Multiple

Dehydrogenases

(Measured Total

Produced by Soil

Microorganisms)

NABH N-acetyl-betahexosaminidase

NAAT Sodium adenosine

triphosphatase

NACR NADH-cyt c

reductase

Nicotinamide adenine dineucleotide cytochrome C reductase

NADH Nicotinamide

adinine

dinucleotide

(reduced) (NADH)

Activated form of the B vitamin niacin, the first of 5 enzyme complexes of

the elctron transport chain

NADN Nicotinamide

adinine

dinucleotide

(oxidized) (NAD)

The oxidized (burned) coenzyme form of Vitamin B3
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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NAGD N-Acetyl-beta-dglucosamimidaseAn enzyme

NCB5 NADH cytochrome

B5 reductase

Electron transport proteins found in animals, plants and yeasts.

NCCR NADPH

Cytochrome C

Reductase

Nicotinamide adenine dineucleotide phosphate cytochrome C reductase

NCTR Nicotinamide

transferase

Catalyses reversibly the methylation of nicotinamide in the presence of sadenosylmethionine to yield 1-methylnicotinamide and sadenosylhomocysteine (Gray's).

NDCC NADH

Cytochrome C

Reductase

Nicotinamide adenine dineucleotide cytochrome C reductase

NDDP NADH-DTdiaphorase

NDFC NADH ferricyanide

reductase

Nicotinamide adenine dineucleotide phosphate ferricyanide reductase

NDFH NADPHferrihemoprotein

reductase

NDFR NADH Ferrichrome

Reductase

Nicotinamide adenine dineucleotide ferrichrome reductase

NDMT N-Demethylase That transfers a methyl group from S adenosyl methionine to a substrate.

most commonly encountered in bacterial chemotaxis where the methyl

accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs) become methylated in the course

of adaptation. Also known as methyltransferase.

NDPD NADPHDiaphorase

(Nicotinamide

Adenine

Dinucleotide

phosphate

Diaphorase)

NHCR NADH cytochrome

C reductase

NITG Nitrogenase

Activity
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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NKAT Sodium

Potassium

ATPase

NNDE Nitrosamine-Ndemethylasean enzyme

NRDT Nitrate Reductase

NRED Nitroreductase Enzymes which reduce nitro groups. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

O1LH omega-1-laurate

hydroxylase

Steroid metabolizing enzyme (62306)

O2LH omega-2-laurate

hydroxylase

Steroid metabolizing enzyme (62306)

OLHD omega laurate

hydroxlase

Steroid metabolizing enzyme (62306)

ORCT Ornithine

Carbamoyl

Transferase

ORDC Ornithine

decarboxylase

The enzyme that converts ornithine to putrescine (dibasic amine) by

decarboxylation. Rate limiting in the synthesis of the polyamines

spermidime and spermine that regulate DNA synthesis.

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

P1A1 Cytochrome P-450

1A1

An isoenzyme translation product of the P450 subfamily 1A CYP1A

gene. (ECOREF#61237)

P420 Cytochrome P-420 Electron transfer hemeprotein having a mode of action in which the

transfer of a single electron is effected by the reversible valence change of

the central iron atom of the heme prosthetic group; found in the

endoplasmic reticulum that acts as an intermediary in MFO reactions.

P450 Cytochrome P-450 Isoenzyme, Electron transfer hemeprotein having a mode of action in

which the transfer of a single electron is effected by the reversible valence

change of the central iron atom of the heme prosthetic group; P450 - 450

nm maximum absorption - found in the liver envoplasmic reticular, the

renal brush border the the outer membrane of the adrenal mitochondria;

serves as an intermediate electron carrier in reactions catalyzed by some

monoxygenases; active in detoxification of xenobiotics by activating the

molecular oxygen for an attack on the substrate

PBES Phenyl Benzoate

Esterase
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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PBHD Pentobarbital

Hydroxylase

PCCX Picolinate

carboxylase

An enzyme

PCHE Pseudocholinester

ase

An enzyme involved in the breakdown of acetylcholine. Associated with

acetylcholinesterase. Acetylcholinesterase is found in nerve tissue while

pseudocholinesterase is found primarily in the liver.

Measurement of pseudocholinesterase may be performed as a screening

tool prior to the administration of electroconvulsive therapy. It is also

useful in identifying organophosphate toxicity or congenital enzyme

deficiencies. 

PCLX Picoline

carboxylase

One of several carboxy-lyases, trivially named carboxylases or

decarboxylases (EC subclass 4.1.1), catalyzing the addition of CO2 to all

or part of another molecule to create an additional -COOH group (e.g.,

ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase).

PCOD Propoxycoumarin

O-dealkylase

PCTN Pectinase activity Random hydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-D-galactosiduronic linkages in pectate

and other galacturonans Also called Polygalacturonase or Pectin

depolymerase (http://www.expasy.ch/cgi-bin/nicezyme.pl?3.2.1.15)

PFRC Phosphofructokina

se

An enzyme that functions in carbohydrate metabolism and especially in

glycolysis by catalyzing the transfer of a second phosphate (as from

ATP) to fructose

PKSC Protein kinase C An enzyme that phosphorylates proteins on serine or threonine residues

in the presence of physiological concentrations of calcium and membrane

phospholipids. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

PHLA Phosphorylase A The phosphorylated and more active form of phosphorylase that functions

as a regulatory enzyme during glycogen breakdown. The phosphate

groups are hydrolytically removed by phosphorylase phosphatase to form

phosphorylase be and orthophosphate.

PHLD Phenoloxidase

PNAC para-Nitrophenyl

Acetate

Carboxylasterase

PNAD P-nitroanisole

Demethylase
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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PNMT Phenylethanolami

ne N-methyl

transferase

A methyltransferase that catalyses the reaction of sadenosyl-l-methionine

and phenylethanolamine to yield S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine and nmethylphenylethanolamine. It can act on various phenylethanolamines

and converts norepinephrine into epinephrine. (Gray's)

PNOD paraNitrophenetole-odeethylase

PODA Peroxidase (Pod)

Enzyme Activity 

An enzyme that catalyzes reactions in which hydrogen peroxide is an

electron acceptor.

PPHL Phosphorylase Enzyme that catalyses the sequential removal of glycosyl residues from

glycogen to yield one glucose-1-phosphate per reaction. Its activity is

controlled by phosphorylation (by phosphorylase kinase). 

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

PPOX Polyphenol

oxidase

Catechol oxidase - any group of enzymes of the oxidoreductase class

that catalyze the oxidation of catechols to 1,2-benzoquinones. The group

includes enzymes called also diphenol oxidase or polyphenol oxidase,

based on their substrates (Dorlands).

PPPA Phosphoenolpyruvi

c acid 

Also known as Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. An enzyme that

catalyses the reaction of oxaloacetate and GTP to form

phosphoenolpyruvic acid, CO2, and GDP; a key enzyme in

gluconeogenesis; the biosynthesis of this enzyme is decreased by

insulin. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

PPPC Phosphoenol

pyruvate

carboxylase

An enzyme with high affinity for carbon dioxide. It catalyzes irreversibly

the formation of oxaloacetate from phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon

dioxide. This fixation of carbon dioxide in several bacteria and some

plants is the first step in the biosynthesis of glucose.

PROD Pentylresorufin Odeethylase

PRTA Proteolytic activity An enzyme that promotes proteolysis (= the splitting of proteins by

hydrolysis of the peptide bonds with formation of smaller polypeptides). 

PRTS Protease An enzyme that digests proteins

PSPM Phosphoamidase An enzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of phosphorus-nitrogen bonds,

notably the hydrolysis of N-phosphocreatine to creatine and

orthophosphate.(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

PYKN Pyruvate kinase A phosphotransferase that catalyzes reversibly the phosphorylation of

pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate in the presence of ATP. It has four

isozymes (l, r, m1, and m2).
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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PYRC Pyruvate

carboxylase

An enzyme of the ligase class that catalyzes the irreversible

carboxylation of pyruvate to form oxaloacetate. The enzyme is a

mitochondrial protein containing a biotin prosthetic group, requiring

magnesium or manganese and acetyl CoA, and occurs in l

QNPT Quinolinate

phosphoribosyltran

sferase

An enzyme

RBPC Ribulose-1,5-

bisphosphate

carboxylase

 A copper protein that catalyzes the formation of 2 moles of 3-

phosphoglycerate from ribulose 1,5-biphosphate in the presence of

carbon dioxide and is responsible for carbon dioxide fixation in

photosynthesis.

RNIN Renin An enzyme of the hydrolase class that catalyses cleavage of the leucine

leucine bond in angiotensin to generate angiotensin. The enzyme is

synthesized as inactive prorenin in the kidney and released into the blood

in the active form in response to va

RNPH 5'-Ribonucleotide

phosphohydrolase

Common name: 5'-nucleotidase. A glycoprotein enzyme present in

various organs and in many cells. The enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis

of a 5'-ribonucleotide to a ribonucleoside and orthophosphate in the

presence of water. It is cation-dependent and exists in a membranebound and soluble form. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

RNSE Rnase

(ribonuclease)

An enzyme that catalyzes the depolymerization of ribonucleic acid.

RUBI Ribulose

bisphosphate

carboxylase/oxyge

nase (Rubisco)

A rate regulating-enzyme in photosynthesis and a key enzyme in

nitrogen metabolism (http://www.irri.org/IRRN24-1Minireviews.pdf).

SASE Arylsulfatase An enzyme that cleaves phenol sulfates, including cerebroside sulfates.

Some arylsulfatases are inhibited by sulfate (type II) and some are not

(type I). Synonym: sulfatase. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk

SBDH Sorbitol

Dehydrogenase

SCDH Succinate

Dehydrogenase

SFTA Sulfotransferase Generic term for enzymes in EC sub-subclass 2.8.2 catalyzing the

transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate (active sulfate)

to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and

3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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SGOT Serum Glutamate

Oxalo Acetate

Transaminase

SGPT Serum Glutamic

Pyruvic

Transaminase

SODA Super Oxide

Dismutase (SOD)

Enzyme Activity

SPGX Selenium

dependent

glutathion

peroxidase

Selenium has a main role as an antioxidant in the enzyme seleniumglutathione-peroxidase

(http://www.uphs.upenn.edu/ency/article/002414.htm)

SSAR Serum Glutamate

Oxalo Acetate

Transaminase and

Serum Glutamic

Pyruvic

Transaminase to

Alkaline

Phosphatase ratio

(SGOT & SPGT to

ALPH ratio)

Ratio of Serum Glutamate Oxalo Acetate Transaminase and Serum

Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase to Alkaline Phosphatase

SSRA Serum Glutamate

Oxalo Acetate

Transaminase to

Serum Glutamic

Pyruvic

Transaminase

ratio (SGOT to

SPGT ratio)

Ratio of Serum Glutamate Oxalo Acetate Transaminase to Serum

Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase

SUPS Sucrose

phosphate

synthase

A type 2a phosphoprotein phosphatase (Gray's)

T16A Testosterone 16-

alpha hydroxylase

an enzyme that acts on testosterone at the 16-alpha position

TAMN Transaminase One of a group of enzymes that catalize the transfer of the aminogroup of

an amino acid to a keto acid to form another amino acid. Also known as

aminotransferase.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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TATS Tyrosine

aminotransferase

An enzyme that catalyses the reversible reaction of l-tyrosine and alphaketoglutarate producing p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate and l-glutamate; this

enzyme catalyses a step in l-phenylalanine and l-tyrosine catabolism; a

deficiency of this enzyme is associ

TBHY Testosterone 16

beta-hydroxylase

An enzyme that acts on testosterone at the 16-beta position

THMN Thiaminase 1. An enzyme present in raw fish that destroys thiamin and may produce

thiamin deficiency in animals on a diet largely composed of raw fish.

2. A hydrolase cleaving thiamin into a pyrimidine moiety (i.e., 2-methyl-4-

amino-5-hydroxymethylpyrimidine) and a thiazole moiety (i.e., 4-methyl-5-

(2'-hydroxyethyl)-thiazole); the pyrimidine moiety may appear in the urine

as pyramin. 

THTR Thiol Transferase

TPHX Tryptophan

hydroxylase

Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the

biosynthesis of serotonin and an important component of melatonin

biosynthesis.

TPOX Tryptophan

oxidase

 A protohemoprotein. Forms formylkynurenine from l-tryptophan and

molecular oxygen. (Gray's)

TRBA Tributyrinase

TRIE Triacetin Esterase

TSHX Tyrosine

hydroxylase

Enzyme required for the synthesis of the neurotransmitters noradrenaline

and dopamine. (Gray's)

TSKT Transketolase a thiamine pyrophosphate containing enzyme that links the pentose

phosphate pathway with glycolysis by converting pentoses to hexoses (

Lindqvist, Y., et. al. (1992) EMBO J. 11, 2373-2379. and

cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

TT2A Testosterone 2-

alpha hydroxylase

From mouse liver, member of the murine cytochrome p450 2d family;

amino-terminal amino acid sequence given in first source Registry 

Synonym: cytochrome p450 2alpha, cytochrome p-450 2alpha,

androstenedione 2alpha-hydroxylase, androgen 2alpha-hydroxylase.

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/contents)

TT6A Testosterone 6-

alpha hydroxylase

An enzyme that acts on testosterone at the 6-alpha position
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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TT6B Testosterone 6-

beta-hydroxylase

Pcn2 is an allelic variant form (2 amino acid alterations); for cyp3a2,

consider also lidocaine n-deethylase. Synonyms: cytochrome p450(6

beta), cytochrome p-450 6b-1(pb1), cyp6b1, testosterone 6betahydroxylase, cyt p450 6beta-3, cytochrome p450(pcn2), 6beta-a gene

product, cyp3a2, cyp6b3 (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

TT7A Testosterone

7alphahydroxylase

(cyp2A1)

An enzyme that acts on testosterone at the 7-alpha position

TTRH Testosterone

hydroxylase

An enzyme that acts at positions 6 alpha, 7 alpha and 16 alpha of

testosterone

TUOX Thiourea

oxygenase

an enzyme

TYKN Thymidine kinase Of pyrimidine salvage, catalysing phosphorylation of thymine

deoxyriboside to form its 5' phosphate, the nucleotide thymidylate.

(Gray's)

UDGT UDP

glucuronosyltransf

erase

The enzymatic addition of sugars to fat-soluble chemicals is an important

process that increases their solubility in water and aids in their excretion.

In mammals, glucuronic acid is the main sugar that is used to prevent the

accumulation of waste products of metabolism and fat-soluble chemicals

from the environment to toxic levels in the body. The UDP

glucuronosyltransferases that carry out this reaction are part of a super

family of UDP glycosyltransferases found in animals, plants and bacteria.

(www.unisa.edu.au/pharm_medsci/Gluc_trans/intro.htm)

UDPT Uridine

Diphosphate (Udp)

Glucuronyl

Transferase

URON Uronolactonase Also known as glucuronolactonase, an enzyme involve in the metabolism

of L-ascorbic acid(58373)

URSE Urease Activity

VAAM Valine

aminopeptidase

Valine, an amino acid combined with aminopeptidase which is an

enzyme that removes the N terminal amino acid from a protein or

peptide.(partial definition from http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

XBME Xenobiotic

metabolizing

enzymes

Enzymes that metabolize synthetic compounds not normally found in

nature. Examples of xenobiotic compounds include; pesticides,

herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, detergents, plastics and other

synthetic polymers.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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XODA Xanthine Oxidase

HRM HORMONE EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition

11DC 11-Deoxycortisol The immediate precursor of cortisol, accumulates in the peripheral

circulation when there is a deficiency of adrenal 11b-hydroxylase activity.

(http://www.sascentre.org/hormones/hormpages/hormone11deoxycortisol.html)

16AT 16alphaTestosteroneMale sex hormone (androgen) secreted by the interstitial cells of the

testis of mammals and responsible for triggering the development of

sperm and of many secondary sexual characteristics. (Gray's)

18HC 18-

Hydroxycorticoster

one

A group of corticosteroids carrying hydroxy groups, usually in the 11- or

17- positions. They comprise the bulk of the corticosteroids used

systemically. As they are relatively insoluble in water, salts of various

esterified forms are often used for injections or solutions. (Gray's)

18HD 18-Hydroxy-11-

deoxycorticostero

ne

a potassium retaining hormone

6BTT 6betaTestosteroneMale sex hormone (androgen) secreted by the interstitial cells of the

testis of mammals and responsible for triggering the development of

sperm and of many secondary sexual characteristics. (Gray's)

7ATT 7alphaTestosteroneMale sex hormone (androgen) secreted by the interstitial cells of the

testis of mammals and responsible for triggering the development of

sperm and of many secondary sexual characteristics. (Gray's)

ABSA Abscisic Acid A common plant hormone that inhibits plant growth

ACTH Adrenocorticotropi

c hormone

A hormone that stimulates adrenal steroid biosynthesis.

ADDL Androstanediol A steroid metabolite (Grey's on-line medical dictionary)

ADDN Androstenedione An androgenic steroid produced by the testis, adrenal cortex and ovary. It

occurs in nature as a 4-delta-androstenedione and 5-deltaandrostenedione. Androstenediones can be converted metabolically to

testosterone and other androgens. (Grey's on-line medical dictionary)

AHPG 17 alphaHydroxyprogestero

ne

Also known as:17a-Hydroxy-4-pregnen-3,20-dione. A precursor of the

androgens and adrenocortical hormones. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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ALDS Aldosterone A steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex, that controls salt and

water balance in the kidney. Abnormally high levels of this hormone

cause sodium retention, high blood pressure, heart rhythum irregularities

and possibly paralysis (Gray's)

AMSH Alpha-Melanocyte

Stimulating

Hormone

Alpha-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (alpha-MSH)is produced by an

intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland. Its secretion causes a dramatic

darkening of the skin.

ANDR Androgen Substances that conduces masculinization; such as testicular hormones

AUXN Auxin A plant hormone

BDPG 17,20betaDihydroxy-4-

pregnen-3-one

A female preovulatory hormone

<BOES> Code

ESDL

beta-Oestradiol

(E2)

A hormone (272 D) synthesised mainly in the ovary, but also in the

placenta, testis and possibly adrenal cortex. A potent oestrogen.

(cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

CORT Corticosterone

(Corticoid)

A steroid produced by the adrenal cortex that stimulates carbohydrate

synthesis and protein breakdown.

CRCT Cortisol and

cortisone

Cortisol is a steroid hormone that is released from the zona fasciculata of

the adrenal cortex in response to stress. Cortisone: Derived from cortisol

and with similar physiological actions. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

CRTS Cortisol Cortisol is a steroid hormone that is released from the zona fasciculata of

the adrenal cortex in response to stress.

CTCL Catecholamine A type of biogenic amine derived from tyramine, characterised as

alkylamino derivatives of o dihydroxybenzene. Catecholamines include

adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine, with roles as hormones and

neurotransmitters.

CYTK Cytokinin Class of plant hormones that induce cell division

DECL 11-Deoxycortisol

glucuronide

11-Deoxycortisol is the immediate precursor of cortisol, accumulates in

the peripheral circulation when there is a deficiency of adrenal 11bhydroxylase activity. (http://www.sascentre.org/hormones/hormpages/hormone11deoxycortisol.html)

Glucuronide is a substance produced by attaching glucuronic acid to

another substance with glycosidic bonds (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

DHTR Dihydrotestosteron

e

The synthetic form is stanolone. (5alpha,17beta)-17-Hydroxyandrostan-3-

one (Dorland's medical dictionary)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

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DITS Diiodotyrosine One of the hormones that are combined to create T3 (triiodotyrosine),

Diiodotyrosine (DIT); tyrosine is iodinated twice. 

DOCS Deoxycorticostero

ne

Also known as 11-Deoxycorticosterone; 21-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-

dione. An adrenocortical steroid, principally a biosynthetic precursor of

corticosterone and possibly aldosterone, that rarely appears in

adrenocortical secretions; a potent mineralocorticoid with no appreciable

glucocorticoid activity. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

DOPA Dopamine A monoamine formed in the body; an intermediate product in the

synthesis of norepinephrine, acts as a neurotransmitter in the CNS

ELTR 17betaestradiol:Testoster

one ratio

The ratio of the amount of 17beta-estradiol to the amount of testosterone

in an organism

EPIN Epinephirine Secreted by the adrenal medulla and acts to increase blood pressure due

to the stimulation of heart action and constriction of blood vessels

(adrenaline)

ESDL 17-beta Estradiol An estrogenic hormone produced by follicle cells of the ovary; provokes

estrus and proliferation of the human endometrium.

ESTR Estrogen

(oestrogen)

Any of various natural or synthetic substances possessing the biological

activity of estrus-producing hormones. 

FOSH Follicle stimulating

hormone (FSH)

One of the most important hormones involved in the natural menstrual

cycle as well as in pharmacological (drug-induced) stimulation of the

ovaries. It is the main hormone involved in producing mature eggs.

GBDP Glucoronidated

17,20betaDihydroxy-4-

pregnen-3-one

A female preovulatory hormone with glucoronidate

GCRT Glucocorticoid Corticosteroid substances (drugs or hormones) that are involved in

carbohydrate metabolism by promoting gluconeogenesis and the

formation of glycogen at the expense of lipid and protein synthesis. They

are steroid based and possess anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive

properties. Glucocorticoids are also produced normally by the adrenal

cortex and provide for the response to stress.

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

GHRM Hormone, General

Changes in 

Change in hormone concentrations.

GIBB Gibberellin A plant hormone

GNTP Gonadotropin A substance that acts to stimulate the gonads. 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

HRM HORMONE EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-65

GRHM Gonadotropin

releasing hormone

The peptide hormone that control reproductive function. It produced and

released by the hypothalamus and controls the production and release of

gonadotrophins from the pituitary gland. It causes the production of

luteinising hormone and follicle stimulating hormone. 

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/contents)

GTHH Growth hormone A polypeptide hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary which promotes

an increase in body size. Any hormone that regulates growth in plants

and animals. 

INHI Inhibin Polypeptide hormone secreted by the hypophysis, that selectively

suppresses the secretion of pituitary follicle stimulating hormone. The

molecule has two subunits (14 & 18 kD) and is a product of the gene

family that includes TGF _. There are two forms, __A and __B, the _

subunit being shared with activin. Inhibin is now, on the basis of gene

knockout experiments, considered to be a tumour suppressor, the key

gene being that for inhibin. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/contents)

INSL Insulin A polypeptide hormone found in both vertebrates and invertebrates.

Secreted by the cells of the pancreas in response to high blood sugar

levels, it induces hypoglycemia. Defective secretion of insulin is the

cause of diabetes mellitus. Insulin is also a mitogen, has sequence

homologies with other growth factors and is a frequent addition to cell

culture media for demanding cell types. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgibin/omd?insulin)

IPTH Immunoreactive

parathyroid

hormone

KTST 11-

Ketotestosterone

Steroid hormone produced by the testes, along with testosterone

responsible for the appearance of male secondary sex characteristics. 

LUTH Luteinizing

hormone (LH)

stimulates secretion of sex steroids from the gonads 

ME4T Total 4aMethylsterolsSterol - steroids with long aliphatic side chains at position 17 and at least

one alcoholic hydroxyl group, usually at position 3 with lipid-like solubility

MITS Monoiodotyrosine One of the hormones that are combined to create T3 (triiodotyrosine),

Monoiodotyrosine (MIT); tyrosine becomes iodinated. 

NORD Noradrenaline Catecholamine neurohormone, the neurotransmitter of most of the

sympathetic nervous system (of so called adrenergic neurons): binds

more strongly to _ adrenergic receptors. Stored and released from

chromaffin cells of the adrenal

medulla.(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/contents)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

HRM HORMONE EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-66

NORE Norepinephrine Secreted by chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla; acts as a

vasoconstrictor and mediates transmission of sympathetic nerve

impulses. 

PRGN Pregnenolone An unsaturated hydroxy steroid ketone C21H32O2 that is formed by the

oxidation of steroids (as cholesterol) and yields progesterone on

dehydrogenation.(www.m-w.com)

PRLC Prolactin A protein hormone produced by the adenohypophysis; stimulates

lactation and promotes functional activity of the corpus luteum. 

PRGS Progesterone A steroid produced in the corpus luteum, placenta, testes, and adrenals;

plays an important physiological role in the luteal phase of the menstrual

cycle and in the maitenance of pregnancy. 

SMTC Somatomedin C

(or IGF-1)

Somatotropin or human growth hormone is secreted by the pituitary gland

under the influence of growth hormone releasing hormone. IGF-I is the

main effector of growth hormone activity.3 IGF-I or Somatomedin C is the

major member of a family of proteins synthesized by the liver in response

to growth hormone stimulus. It circulates in the peripheral blood bound on

a tertiary complex with IGFBP-3 and acid labile subunit (ALS)

(http://www.aal.xohost.com/IGF-1.htm)

SRIF Somatostatin A polypeptide hormone that is produced by the hypothalamus and inhibits

the release of growth hormone by the anterior pituitary. It is also produced

in the delta cells of the endocrine pancreas where it inhibits the secretion

of insulin and glucagon and decreases intestinal motility and absorption.

(www.harcourt.com/dictionary)

SRTN Serotonin A vasoconstrictor, serves as a central neurotransmitter, also called 5-

Hydroxytryptamine

ST5T Total (Delta)5-

sterols

Sterol - steroids with long aliphatic side chains at position 17 and at least

one alcoholic hydroxyl group, usually at position 3 with lipid-like solubility 

ST8T Total (Delta)8-

sterols

Sterol - steroids with long aliphatic side chains at position 17 and at least

one alcoholic hydroxyl group, usually at position 3 with lipid-like solubility

STRD Steroids A group name for lipids that contain a hydrogenated

cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene ring system. Some of the

substances included in this group are progesterone, adrenocortical

hormones, the gonadal hormones, cardiac aglycones, bile acids, sterols

(such as cholesterol), toad poisons, saponins and some of the

carcinogenic hydrocarbons. (Gray's Medical)

T3T4 Triidothyronine

(T3) to thyroxine

(T4)

The ratio of Triidothyronine (T3) to Thyroxine (T4). 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

HRM HORMONE EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-67

T4T3 Thyroxine:Triidothy

ronine

The ratio of Thyroxine (T4) and Triidothyronine (T3).

TGLD Testosterone

glucuronide

A metabolite of testosterone. Testosterone glucuronide comes from the

hepatic transformation of testosterone, DHT and androstenedione

(http://www.estetik.com/datamed/Anti_Aging/male_hormones.htm)

THYR Thyroxine (T4) an iodine-containing hormone C15H11I4NO4 that is an amino acid

produced by the thyroid gland as a product of the cleavage of

thyroglobulin, increases metabolic rate.

TRII Triidothyronine (T3) an iodine-containing hormone C15H12I3NO4 that is an amino acid

derived from thyroxine , the more active form of thyroid hormone which

crosses cell membranes to exert an effect on metabolic rates within an

organism.

TSHT Thyrotropin Thyrotropin or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), is a hormone released

by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the thyroid gland to release

thyroxine.

TSTR Testosterone A steroid hormone which is necessary for male sexual reproduction and

may also play a role in female sexual response. It is responsible for such

male secondary sexual characteristics as body hair. In males, is

produced in the Leydig cells of the testes; in both sexes, it is produced in

smaller quantities by the adrenal glands. 

GRO GROWTH1 GROUP

DVP DEVELOPMENT EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition

68CL 6-8 Cell stage Cleavage stage during embryonic development which contains 6-8 cells. 

ABNM Abnormal ECOTOX makes every effort to code the specific abnormalities (e.g.

imposex, limb deformities , lesions, etc.), but when an author does not

clearly state the specific type of abnormality or combines multiple types

of abnormalities into one data point DVP ABNM is used.

BSCY Blastocyst stage An early metazoan embryo typically having the form of a hollow fluid-filled

rounded cavity bounded by a single layer of cells 

CCLV Cell Cleavage

COLR Color

DFRM Deformation/

Malformations

A physical blemish or distortion
ECOTOX Code Appendix

DVP DEVELOPMENT EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-68

DVLP Slowed,

Retarded,

Delayed or Nondevelopment

EMRG Emergence Change in the emergence from larval stage into the adult stage. Also

includes plant emergence.

ENDD Endoderm

Differentiation

EVFO Envelope

Formation

EYOP Eye opening The development stage when the eyes open.

FIRM Firmness

FLDG Fledged/Female

or /Brood

FORM Organ/Tissue

Formation 

GDVP Development,

General

Change in ability to grow to a more mature life stage and in time between

separate life stages; Used when more than one measurement is coded

for an AQUIRE record. 

GRRT Growth Rate

GSTL Gastrulation

INCT Incubation time To maintain (as an embryo or a chemically active system) under

conditions favorable for hatching, development, or reaction (Webster's)

LRCF Loricae formation Tintinnid ciliates form stiff, vase-shaped or barrel-shaped coverings called

loricae, around themselves. 

MATR Maturation The process of coming to full development.

MMPH Metamorphosis A marked structural change in an animal during postembryonic

development.

MOLT Molting To shed an outer covering as part of periodic process of growth.

MRLA Morula stage a globular solid mass of blastomeres formed by cleavage of a zygote that

typically precedes the blastula
ECOTOX Code Appendix

DVP DEVELOPMENT EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-69

NORM Normal 

PHRN Post Harvest

Character No

Effect

PHRV Post Harvest

Character

Influenced

PUPA Pupation Change in percent pupation or pupation duration.

RSPN Resorption (Tail

Resorption in

Frogs) 

STGE Stage of

development

a period or step in a progress, activity, or development; especially : one of

the distinguishable periods of growth and development of a plant or animal

(http://www.m-w.com)

SXDP Sexual

Development 

TEMR Time to First

Emergence 

TERA Teratogenesis Use this code when exposure of adults results in quantifiable occurrence

of abnormal offspring.

TFLW Time to Flower

THED Time to heading The time it take for grain to reach maturity.

TRRA Transformation

Ratio 

(Weight of Roots + Sprouts/weight of Original Seed) 

WEAN Weaned

WGHT Weight The heaviness of an object.

YLKA Yolk sac

absorption, Yolk

sac utilization

A bag-like ventral extension of the gut containing nutritive materials that

first appears in the fish embryo and is later absorbed by the larva during

the stage after hatching and before feeding. (filaman.unikiel.de/LarvalBase/Glossary)

GRO GROWTH EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition
ECOTOX Code Appendix

GRO GROWTH EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-70

<ABNM> Abnormal DO not code GRO ABNM. ABNM should be coded under MPH (when

adult body structures are changing) or DVP (when embryo or juveniles are

becoming abnormal throughout different lifestages)

AREA Area Change in area of an entire organism. (Use AREA MPH (Morphology)

when measuring specific response sites.

BMAS Biomass Includes harvest yield, fruit or seed yield, mass of population, standing

crop, productivity.

<BDBN> Body Burden This will need maintenence. If the measurement occurs with and

endpoint than the measurement should change to EBCN.

COND Condition Index Fitness factor.

DNSY Density

DMTR Diameter

DIST Distance grown

DWGT Dry Weight

(AQUIRE Only)

Measurable change in dry weight of test organism.

EBCN Effective Body

Concentration

The body residue of a chemical that is associated with an effect.

GAIN Weight gain Increase in body weight over existing weight. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

GGRO Growth, General Used when more than one measurement is coded for an AQUIRE record.

<GGRT> Growth Rate

Index 

GREI Growth Efficiency

Index 

HGHT Height Measurable change in height of test organism.

LGTH Length Measurable change in length of test organism.

LINT Lint A fibrous coat of thick convoluted hairs borne by cotton seeds that yields

the cotton staple (MW online).

NGAN Net gain Net weight gain (total weight gain - placental and fetal weight)

NLEF Number of leaves Number of leaves found on a plant.

NNOD Dry Mass/Plant

Roots Not

Nodulated
ECOTOX Code Appendix

GRO GROWTH EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-71

NODE # Nodules/

nodulated Plant

Roots

PMTR Perimeter

RADI Radius A line segment extending from the center of a circle or sphere to the

circumference or bounding surface.

RGNR Limb/ Body Part

Regeneration

Change in ability to regenerate a body part, byssus production.

RLGR Relative Growth

Rate

The size increase per unit interval of time.

SIZE Size The physical magnitude, extent, or bulk : relative or proportionate

dimensions.

SPGR Specific Growth

Rate 

Individual growth measurement calculated by using the net weight divided

by time, also relative growth rate.

STNT Stunting

THIK Thickness Having or being of relatively great depth or extent from one surface to its

opposite

THRV Time to harvest

WDTH Width Measurable change in width of test organism.

WGHT Weight Measurable change in weight of test organism.

WWGT Wet Weight

(AQUIRE Only)

Measurable change in the wet weight of an organism.

VGOR Vigor usually a combination of growth and injury effects

VOLU Volume The amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional object as

measured in cubic units (as quarts or liters) : cubic capacity 

MPH MORPHOLOGY EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition

ABNM Abnormal Use this effect-measurement combination when adult body structures are

becoming abnormal.

ABST Absence, absent not present

AREA Area Area of an organ or response site
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MPH MORPHOLOGY EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-72

BVSL Blood vessels Any of the tubular vessels conveying the blood (arteries, arterioles,

capillaries, venules, and veins). (Gray's)

CAWT Calcium weight The ratio of calcium in the bone to the weight of the bone. A measure of

bone density.

COSC Caudal

Ossification

Center

CRCM Circumference The external boundary or surface of a figure or object (www.m-w.com)

CTTK Ratio of cortical

thickness to

diameter

The ratio of cortical thickness to the diameter

DEPO Shell Deposition Change in the ability to grow a shell.

DMTR Diameter The diameter of an organ or tissue

FSSR Fissure Any cleft or groove, normal or otherwise, especially a deep fold in the

cerebral cortex which involves the entire thickness of the brain wall. 

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

GMPH General

Morphological

Changes

Used when more than one measurement is coded for an AQUIRE record. 

HGHT Height Measurable change in height of test organism. (existing SOP definition)

IMPS Imposex, Intersex

Conditions

IPOS Inter-parietal

Ossification

The formation of bone or of a bony substance, the conversion of fibrous

tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance between the parietal

bones or cartilages (Graylab on-line medical dictionary). 

LGTH Length

MOSC Metacarpal

Ossification

Center

MSSG Missing, absent a tissue/organ not developed or missing from a body

NLRG Enlargement to increase in size

NORM Normal conforming to a type, standard, or regular pattern (www.m-w.com)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MPH MORPHOLOGY EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-73

OSSC Ossification center An area where the formation of bone or of a bony substance, the

conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance

occurs. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/contents)

PULP Pulp The soft succulent portion of a fruit. (McGraw-Hill,1994)

POSC Parietal

Ossification

The formation of bone or of a bony substance, the conversion of fibrous

tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance located near the

parietal bone (Graylab on-line medical dictionary). 

RADI Radius A line segment extending from the center of a circle or sphere to the

circumference or bounding surface. (from SOP)

RATO Ratio Ratio of the size of body parts.

RIBS Number of ribs Amount of rib bones present

SFRB Supernumerary full

rib

A full rib that exceed the expected number of ribs

SHPE Change in Shape

SIZE Size The size of an organ or tissue

SMIX Somatic Index Organ Weight in Relationship to Body Weight

SOSC Sternal

Ossification

Center

SRIB Supernumerary

Ribs

SSRB Short

supernumerary rib

a partial rib that exceed the expected number of ribs

STBD Seminiferous

tubule diameter

The diameter of any of the coiled threadlike tubules that make up the bulk

of the testis and are lined with a layer of epithelial cells from which the

spermatozoa are produced.

STRC Structural

Changes

STTO Strength and Tone

SVTE Supernumerary

vertebrae

Having more than the expected number of vertebrae.

TKWD Thickness:width Ratio of thickness to width
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MPH MORPHOLOGY EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-74

VOLU Volume The amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional object as

measured in cubic units (as quarts or liters) : cubic capacity 

WGHT Weight The heaviness of an object.

CEL CELLULAR GROUP

CEL CELLULAR EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement Name Measurement Definition

AGGR Aggregation/

Adhesion

AREA Area of the cell or cell

mass

Area of the cell or cell mass

ARGY Argyrophilic cells An enteroendocrine cell

BASO Basophil A structure, cell or other histologic element staining readily with basic

dyes; a granular leukocyte with an irregular shaped, relatively palestaining nucleus that is partially constricuted into 2 lobes; also called

basophilic leukocytes; a beta cell of the adenohypophysis - see also

gonadotroph and thyrotroph

BPCL Bipolar Cell A class of retinal interneurons, named after their morphology, that

receive input from the photoreceptors and send it to the ganglion cells.

(Gray's)

CCHG Cell Changes Cytology, change in organelle structure, cell size or cell volume (do

not use GRO), phagocytosis. For algae, use for change in optical

density, location of pigments, cell shape, size. Another example of

where it might be appropriate to initiate use of a morph code. Used

when more than one measurement is coded for an AQUIRE record. 

CDRT Cell division rate Cell division = The process by which living cells multiply; may be

mitotic or amitotic. (McGraw-Hill, 1994)

CILR Ciliated Type II

Receptors 

CIRC Choline

acetyltransferase 

(ChAT)

immunoreactive cells

Cell exhibiting an immunologic reaction to Choline acetyltransferase

which is an enzyme that controls the production of acetylcholine

(partial definition: cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk) 

CLCE Chloride Cell
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CEL CELLULAR EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-75

CRCM Circumference The external boundary or surface of a figure or object (www.m-w.com)

CTRV Cell Turnover

CYTO Cytotoxicity 

DEND Dendrite Receptors

DIVC Dividing Cells

DMTR Diameter The diameter of a cell

DNSY Density

DPTH Depth The perpendicular measurement downward from a surface or the direct

linear measurement from front to back. (www.m-w.com)

EOSN Eosinophil A structure, cell or histologic element readily stained by eosin,

especially a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two

lobes connected by chromatin.

ERTH Erythoroblasts Any type of nucleated erthrocyte, also desgnating an immature cell

from which a red corpuscle develops.

ESRS Estradiol receptor

sites

Cytoplasmic proteins that bind estradiol, migrate to the nucleus, and

regulate DNA transcription. (Gray's)

GBLT Goblet Cells A unicellular, mucus-secreting intra-epithelial gland that is distended

on the free surface. Also known as Chalice cell.

GLCL Gland Cells

GNDT Gonadotrophs The cells of the anterior pituitary that regulate reproduction are known

as gonadotrophs and make the gonadotrophins- luteinisong hormone

and follicle-stimulating hormone (mumus.med.monash.edu.au)

GRAN Granulocyte Any cell containing granules, especially a leukocyte containing

neurtrophil, basophil, or eosinophil granules in its cytoplasm

HGHT Height The height of a cell

HMPS Hematopoiesis The formation and development of blood cells involving both

proliferation and differentiation from stem cells. In adult mammals

usually occurs in bone marrow. (Gray's)

HTCY Heterocyst frequency Specialized cell type found at regular intervals along the filaments of

certain Cyanobacteria, site of nitrogen fixation.

LEUK Leukocytes White blood cell
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CEL CELLULAR EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-76

LMFI Lamellar fusion index An index related to the fusion of the lamellae which is an area of the

gills where exchange of gasses / waste products takes place.(partial

definition http://www.aquatext.com/list-l.htm#Lamellae)

LMPH Lymphocyte Any of the mononuclear , nonphagocytic leukocytes found in the

blood, lymph and lympoid tissues.

MONO Monocyte A large, agranulated leukocyte with a relatively small, eccentric, oval

or kidney-shaped nucleus. 

MYLO Myelocyte time a motile cell produced by and found in the bone marrow which

develops into granular leukocytes. (Gray's)

NCCM Normochromatic

cells, micronucleated

Being normal in color; referring especially to red blood cells that

possess the normal quantity of hemoglobin. 

NCEL Number/Frequency of

Cells

NEUT Neutrophil A large granular leukocyte with a highly variable nucleus, consisting of

three to five lobes, and cytoplasmic granules which stain with neutral

dyes and eosin.

NLEI Nuclei The major organelle of eukaryotic cells, in which the chromosomes are

separated from the cytoplasm by the nuclear envelope.

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

NRBC Nucleated red blood

cells

Nucleated red blood cells, (nrbcs or normoblasts), represent the

stages of a red blood cell before it matures. Cells of this stage are

usually seen in newborn infants, and in patients with responses to

hemolytic crises, such as in megaloblastic anemia and iron deficiency

anemia. The average size of the normoblast is 7-12 μm in diameter.

The cytoplasm is pink. The nucleus is pyknotic (a homogeneous blueblack mass with no structure).

(http://www.wadsworth.org/chemheme/heme/microscope/nrbc.htm)

NROD Rods Elongated cells or elements of the sensory layer of the retina, some of

which are cylindrical, others somewhat conical. (Gray's)

OGNL Organelle A specialized subcellular structure, such as a mitochondrion, having a

special function.

OSRS Osmotic

Resistance/RBC

PCCM Polychromatic cells,

micronucleated

A primitive erythrocyte in bone marrow, with basophilic material as well

as hemoglobin (acidophilic) in the cytoplasm. Synonym:

polychromatophil cell.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CEL CELLULAR EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-77

PCRC Polychromatic cells A primitive erythrocyte in bone marrow, with basophilic material as well

as hemoglobin (acidophilic) in the cytoplasm. Synonym:

polychromatophil cell. 

PKNJ Purkinje cells Largest brain neuron involved synaptic processing

(www.omnimag.com/live_science/purkwrld)

PKNS Pyknosis Contraction of nuclear contents to a deep staining irregular mass, sign

of cell death. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

PLAS Plasmolysis Contraction or shrinking of the protoplams of a plant cell due to the

loss of water by osmotic action

PRKY Perikarya, perikaryon Cell body surrounding nucleus of a neuron does not include axonal

and dendritic processes (Gray's)

RBCE Red Blood Cell Erythrocyte - found in peripheral blood

RETI Reticulocytes A young red blood cell showing a basophilic reticulum under vital

staining

RSBC Receptor site, binding

capacity

SGDN Signal Density

SIZE Size The physical magnitude, extent, or bulk : relative or proportionate

dimensions of a cell

SPLO Splenocytes The monocyte characteristic of the spleen

SRTL Sertoli cells Elongated cells in the tubules of the testis to which the spermatids

become attached. They provide support, protection, and, apparently,

nutrition until the spermatids become transformed into mature

spermatozoa. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

STCL Stippled cells Cells that have an appearance of being engraved by means of dots and

flicks (partial definition: www.m-w.com)

STRC Structural Changes

THRM Thrombocytes A blood platelet

TWBC White Blood Cell

Count, Total 

Measure of total WBC

UBWB White Blood Cell,

Undifferentiated

Blasts

Absence of normal differentiation of white blood cell blasts
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CEL CELLULAR EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-78

VOLU Volume The amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional object as

measured in cubic units (as quarts or liters) : cubic capacity (from

SOP)

WDTH Width of the cell Width of the cell

GEN GENETIC EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition

2KMR Cyp2K mRNA mRNA (messenger RNA) is the mediating template between DNA and

proteins, in this case specific to Cyp2K

ACMR beta-Actin mRNA mRNA (messenger RNA) is the mediating template between DNA and

proteins. Beta-Actin is a muscle protein that is the chief constituent of

the Z-band myofilaments of each sarcomere. 

ALFR Allele frequency the frequency of any one of a series of two or more different genes that

occupy the same position (locus) on a chromosome.

(cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

AMRN Cytochrome

P450aromB mRNA

Cytochrome P450 aromatase messenger RNA. Part of an enzyme which

converts androgens to oestrogens by desaturating ring a of the steroid.

mRNA (messenger RNA) is the mediating template between DNA and

proteins. P450arom is a major player in estrogen signaling. Also known

as Cytochrome P450 aromatase mRNA and Estrogen sythetase mRNA

APOP Apoptosis,

Programmed Cell

Death, DNA

Fragmentation

BADF beta-Actin cDNA

fragments

cDNA is DNA that is synthesised from a messenger RNA template, the

single-stranded form is often used as a probe in physical mapping to

locate the gene or can be cloned in the double stranded form. In this

case specific to the protein beta-actin. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

BRAK Chromosomal

breaks

Chromosome breakage - A type of chromosomal aberration which may

result from spontaneous or induced breakage. Alkylating agents, various

types of irradiation, and chemical mutagens have been found to cause

induced chromosomal breakage. Breakage can induce base pair

translocations, deletions, or chromatid breakage

CA1M CYP1A1 mRNA mRNA (messenger RNA) is the mediating template between DNA and

proteins, in this case specific to Cyp1A1
ECOTOX Code Appendix

GEN GENETIC EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-79

CA3M CYP1A3 mRNA mRNA (messenger RNA) is the mediating template between DNA and

proteins, in this case specific to Cyp1A3

CABR Chromosomal

aberrations

Modification of the normal chromosome complement due to deletion,

duplication, or rearrangement of genetic material.

CGAP Chromosomal gap A localised area of thinning in a chromatid which may simulate a

complete break. (Gray's)

CHDF Choriogenin H

cDNA fragments

cDNA is DNA that is synthesised from a messenger RNA template, the

single-stranded form is often used as a probe in physical mapping to

locate the gene or can be cloned in the double stranded form. In this

case specific to the protein Choriogenin H. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

CHLM Chlorophyll

Mutation/Albino

Mutants

Mutation: a change in form, quality or some other characteristic; in

genetics - a permanent transmissible change in the genetic mateiral

CHMR Choriogenin H

mRNA

Choriogenin H is the high molecular weight liver derived precursor protein

(ZI-1,2) of the innner layer subunits of the egg envelope. mRNA

(messenger RNA) is the mediating template between DNA and proteins,

in this case specific to Cloriogenin H. (ECOREF#64021)

CLDF Choriogenin L

cDNA fragments

cDNA is DNA that is synthesised from a messenger RNA template, the

single-stranded form is often used as a probe in physical mapping to

locate the gene or can be cloned in the double stranded form. In this

case specific to the protein Choriogenin L. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

CLMR Choriogenin L

mRNA

Choriogenin L is the low molecular weight liver derived precursor protein

(ZI-3) of the innner layer subunits of the egg envelope. mRNA

(messenger RNA) is the mediating template between DNA and proteins,

in this case specific to Cloriogenin L.(ECOREF#64021)

CPRN Cytochrome P1A

Messenger RNA

(Cyp1A mRNA)

mRNA (messenger RNA) is the mediating template between DNA and

proteins, in this case specific to Cyp1A

DAMG Damage

DNAB DNA binding DNA binding to chemical

DNAC DNA Concentration

DNAD DNA Adducts Adducts are damaged cellular machinery when compounds bind

irreversibly with DNA, proteins or other cellular components

(www.vetmed.ucdavis.edu)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

GEN GENETIC EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-80

DNAS DNA Synthesis

Rate

The linking together of nucleotides (as deoxyribonucleotide

triphosphates) to form DNA. In vivo, most synthesis is DNA replication,

but incorporation of precursors also occurs in repair. In the special case

of retroviruses, DNA synthesis is directed by an RNA template (see

reverse transcriptase). H3 thymidine incorporation - Thymidine, an

essential DNA building block can be radioactively labeled with H3

(tritium) and used to measure DNA synthesis as a reflection of cell

division.

DNPR DNA to protein ratio a ratio of DNA to protein

DNRN Ratio of DNA to

RNA

The ratio between DNA and RNA concentrations in a sample

DPLT Diplotene a stage of meiotic prophase which follows the pachytene and during

which the paired homologous chromosomes begin to separate and

chiasmata become visible (Webster's)

EMRN Estrogen mRNA mRNA (messenger RNA) is the mediating template between DNA and

proteins. Estrogen - Any of various natural or synthetic substances

possessing the biological activity of estrus-producing hormones. 

EMRR Estrogen receptor :

Estrogen mRNA

ratio

The ratio of estrogen receptor to estrogen receptor messengerRNA 

ESRG Estrogen receptor

gene

The estrogen-activated receptor binds to its responsive element in the 5'

flanking region of estrogen-responsive genes and modulates the

transcription of these genes through its interactions with others

transcription factors and the components if the transcription initiation

complex. (ECOREF#60619)

FSMR Follicle stimulating

hormone beta

mRNA

mRNA (messenger RNA) is the mediating template between DNA and

proteins, in this case specific to follicle stimulating hormone

G1PN G1 Phase Nuclei

GEXP Gene Expression

GGEN Genetics, General Changes in the genetic processes of cell (e.g. RNA, DNA).

GHMR Growth hormone

mRNA

mRNA (messenger RNA) is the mediating template between DNA and

proteins. Growth hormone is a polypeptide hormone secreted by the

anterior pituitary which promotes an increase in body size. Any

hormone that regulates growth in plants and animals. 

GTPF Genotype

Frequencies
ECOTOX Code Appendix

GEN GENETIC EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-81

HTZY Heterozygosity The presence of different alleles at one or more loci on homologous

chromosomes. 

LEPT Leptotene a stage of meiotic prophase immediately preceding synapsis in which

the chromosomes appear as fine discrete threads

LHMR Lutenizing hormone

mRNA

mRNA (messenger RNA) is the mediating template between DNA and

proteins, in this case specific to Lutenizing hormone

LPDN Lipid to DNA ratio The amount of lipid as compared to the amount of DNA in a sample

ME1A Meiotic

Abnormalities, 1st

Anaphase

ME1M Meiotic

Abnormalities, 1st

Metaphase

ME2A Meiotic

Abnormalities, 2nd

Anaphase

ME2M Meiotic

Abnormalities, 2nd

Metaphase

MEDM Meiotic

Abnormalities,

Diakinesis and 1st

Metaphase

MEIA Meiotic

Abnormalities,

General

MEIR Meiosis Rate

MIAT Mitotic

Abnormalities, Anatelophase

MIBC Mitotic

Abnormalities,

Binucleate Cell

MIBG Mitotic

Abnormalities,

Bridge
ECOTOX Code Appendix

GEN GENETIC EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-82

MICL Mitotic

Abnormalities,

Clumping

MICY Mitotic

Abnormalities,

Cytomixis

MIES Mitotic

Abnormalities,

Early Separation

MIEX Mitotic

Abnormalities,

Exclusion

MIFR Mitotic

Abnormalities,

Fragment

MIIN Mitotic

Abnormalities,

Interphase Cells

MILG Mitotic

Abnormalities,

Laggard

MIMN Mitotic

Abnormalities,

Micronuclei

MIMT Mitotic

Abnormalities,

Metaphase

MINB Mitotic

Abnormalities,

Nuclear Budding

MINF Mitotic

Abnormalities,

Nuclear Fusion

MIPO Mitotic

Abnormalities,

Disturbed Polarity
ECOTOX Code Appendix

GEN GENETIC EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-83

MIPR Mitotic

Abnormalities,

Prophase

MISK Mitotic

Abnormalities,

Stickiness

MITA Mitotic

Abnormalities,

General

MITI Mitotic Index

(#Mitoses/Total

Cells)

MITR Mitotic Rate

MRMT Metallothionein

mRNA

metallothionein

ratio

The ratio of metallothionen messengerRNA to metallothionein

MRNA Messenger RNA mRNA (messenger RNA) is the mediating template between DNA and

proteins.

MMRN Metallothionein

mRNA

MNUC Micronuclei

Increase

MTOS Mitosis A method of indirect division of a cell, consisting of a complex of various

processes, by means of which the two daughter nuclei normally receive

identical complements of the number of chromosomes characteristic of

the somatic cells of the species. Mitosis, the process by which the body

grows and replaces cells, is divided into four phases. 

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

MUTA Mutation Mutation: a change in form, quality or some other characteristic; in

genetics - a permanent transmissible change in the genetic material

NABN Nuclear

Abnormalities

NCPF Nuclear phase

frequency

Number of phases that a cell goes through during cell division
ECOTOX Code Appendix

GEN GENETIC EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-84

PACH Pachytene the stage of meiotic prophase that immediately follows the zygotene and

that is characterized by paired chromosomes thickened and visibly

divided into chromatids and by the occurrence of crossing-over

PLMR Prolactin mRNA mRNA (messenger RNA) is the mediating template between DNA and

proteins. Prolactin is a protein hormone produced by the

adenohypophysis; stimulates lactation and promotes functional activity

of the corpus luteum

POLY Chromosomal

Polyploidy

Polyploidy: the state of having more than two full sets of homologous

chromosomes

PRDN Protein to DNA

ratio

The amount of protein as compared to the amount of DNA in a sample

PSMR Pituitary specific

transcription factor

mRNA

mRNA (messenger RNA) is the mediating template between DNA and

proteins. 

RASO Ras Oncogene

mutation

A gene that causes cancer in an animal. The gene specifies the

structure of an enzyme that catalzes events that can induce cancerous

growth. (McGraw-Hill,1994.) Ras is a protein found in chromosomes and

when mutated it is permenently switched on telling the cell to grow

regardless of whether the receptors on the cell surface are activated or

not.

RNAC RNA Concentration

RNAS RNA Synthesis

Rate

RNDN RNA to DNA Ratio

RNPR RNA to protein ratio a ratio of RNA to protein

SEXE Sex Expression

Change

TSLE Translocation

Efficiency

VDNA Vitellogenin cDNA cDNA is DNA that is synthesised from a messenger RNA template, the

single-stranded form is often used as a probe in physical mapping to

locate the gene or can be cloned in the double stranded form. In this

case specific to the protein vitellogenin. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

VMRN Vitellogenin

Messenger RNA
ECOTOX Code Appendix

GEN GENETIC EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-85

WTDN Weight to DNA

ratio

The weight of a sample as compared to the amount of DNA in a sample

ZRMR Zona radiata mRNA mRNA (messenger RNA) is the mediating template between DNA and

proteins. 

ZYGO Zygotene the stage of meiotic prophase which immediately follows the leptotene

and during which synapsis of homologous chromosomes occurs

HIS HISTOLOGY EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement Name Measurement Definition

ACAP Arterial Cuff Atrophy Arterial - pertaining to an artery or to the arteries. (Dorlands) Cuff - A

small bandlike structure encircling a part. (Dorlands) Atrophy - a

wasting away; a diminution in the size of a cell, tissue, or organ

(Dorlands).

ALYS Autolysis Self-digestion by body cells following somatic or organ death or

ischemic injury.

ANSK Anisokaryosis Inequality in the size of the nuclei of cells (Dorlands).

ARTS Arteriosclerosis A degenerative arterial disease marked by hardening and thickening of

the vessel walls.

ASCT Ascites Accumulation of serous fluid in the spaces between tissues and

organs in the cavity of the abdomen (Webster’s).

ASLT Alpha Islets Alpha cell, pancreatic: A type of cell in the pancreas, within the

pancreas, the alpha cells are located in areas called the islets of

Langerhans. Alpha cells make and release glucagon which raises the

level of glucose (sugar) in the blood.

ATRS Atresia Imperforation or closure of a natural orifice or passage of the body. 

ATPH Atrophy Diminution in the size of a cell, tissue,or organ that was once fully

developed of normal size.

BODS Bodies a mass of matter distinct from other masses (Webster's)

BSLT Beta Islets Beta cell, pancreatic: A type of cell in the pancreas. Within the

pancreas, the beta cells are located in areas called the islets of

Langerhans. They constitute the predominant type of cell in the islets.

The beta cells are important because they make insulin. Degeneration

of the beta cells is the main cause of type I (insulin-dependent)

diabetes mellitus.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

HIS HISTOLOGY EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-86

CLFL Collapsed Follicles Follicle - A sac or pouchlike depression or cavity. (Dorlands)

CLLD Colloids Microscopic particles between one nanometer and one micrometer in

size and can be macromolecules. (Gray's)

CLPG Clumping Pigment

Granules

CRYT Crystals Formations of small irregular solid material often composed of

calcium, uric acid and phosphate. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

CSTD Cestodiasis Tapeworm infestation, infestation with cestodes, a group of flattened

and tapelike hermaphroditic worms that are intestinal parasites in

humans and other animals, producing larvae that may invade body

tissues.

CSTS Cyst Any closed cavity or sac that is lined by epithelium often contains

liquid or semi-solid material. (Gray's)

CTRT Cataracts A clouding of the lens of the eye or of its surrounding transparent

membrane that obstructs the passage of light.

http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary

CTYP Percent Cell Type

CYIN Cytoplasmic

Inclusions

A foreign substance, either liquid or solid, usually of minute size,

inclosed in the mass of a the cytoplasm (Graylab on-line medical

dictionary)

CYTM Cytomegaly enlargement of both the cytoplasm and nucleus while maintaining a

normal N/C ratio (www.csi-net.net/suzanne/page22.htm)

CYTP Cytoplasm the organized complex of inorganic and organic substances external

to the nuclear membrane of a cell and including the cytosol and

membrane-bound organelles (as mitochondria or chloroplasts)

(Webster's)

CYVC Cytoplasmic

Vacuoles

Spaces or cavities within the cytoplasm.

DBRS Debris an accumulation of fragments (Webster's)

DEGN Degeneration Deterioration of cellular integrity with no sign of response to injury or

disease.

DISO Cellular

Disorganization

DLAT Dilation The process of enlargement or expansion. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

HIS HISTOLOGY EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-87

EDMA Edema An excessive accumulation of fluid in the cells, tissue spaces, or body

cavities due to a disturbance in the fluid exchange mechanism. 

EHYP Erythroid Hyperplasia The abnormal multiplication or increase in the number of normal cells

in normal arrangement in the erythroid (Graylab on-line medical

dictionary).

ENCP Encephalopathy Any degenerative disease of the

brain.(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/contents)

ENDR Endarteritis Inflammation of the inner lining of an artery. 

ESPH Esophagitis Inflammation of the esophagus. 

EXCS Extracellular space Interstitial space between cells, occupied by fluid as well as

amorphous and fibrous

substances.(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/contents)

FBRS Fibrosis A condition marked by increase of interstitial fibrous tissue (MW

online).

FUSE Fuse, fused to become blended or joined by or as if by melting together

(Webster's)

GHIS Histological Changes,

General

 Presence of physical damage or change to tissues or cells (for

example, lesions, neoplasms); gross histological effects such as

whole plant injury; disintegration of roots, stems or leaves; root

fragmentation. For animals such effects include cell sloughing. The

specifics of the histology effect will be reported in EE_Remarks for

AQUIRE or the Result Remarks for TERRETOX. Used when more than

one measurement is coded for an ECOTOX record.

GLSN Gross Lesions

HEMR Hemorrhage Change or presence of hemorrhaging.

HFLX Hyperflexion Flexion of a limb or part beyond the normal limit. Synonym:

superflexion. 

HRNA Hernia The protrusion of a loop or knuckle of an organ or tissue through an

abnormal opening. (Gray's)

HYCE Hypocellularity

HYCR Hyperchromicity An increase in the optical density of a solution with nucleic acids in it

such that it is able to absorb more ultraviolet radiation, which occurs

when the double-stranded nucleic acid molecules denature into singlestranded molecules (Graylab on-line medical dictionary).
ECOTOX Code Appendix

HIS HISTOLOGY EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-88

HYDS Hydropic Swelling

HYPL Hyperplasia Increase in cell number causing an increase in in the size of a tissue

or organ.

HYPT Hypertrophy Increase in cell size causing an increase in the size of an organ or

tissue. 

IHGT Increased Height Increase in height of an object such a cells or cellular components.

IMVL Increased Medullary

Volume

Medullary - pertaining to the marrow or to any medulla. Medulla - The

inmost part. A general term for the most interior portion of an organ or

structure. Called also marrow. (Dorlands)

ININ Intranuclear

inclusions

a foreign substance, either liquid or solid, usually of minute size,

inclosed within the nucleus of a cell

IPDY Increased Portal

Density

Portal: Of or pertaining to a porta, especially the porta of the liver; as,

the portal vein, which enters the liver at the porta, and divides into

capillaries after the manner of an artery. 

(http://www.graylab.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?portal)

IPHM Increased Perivenous

Homogeneity

Perivenous - around the vein. (Dorlands)

LESI Lesions A structural or functional alteration due to injury or disease.

LMLL Lamellae, Lamella A thin, plate-like layer, the layer between the walls of two adjacent

plant cells. (Gray's)

LPHD Lymphoid depletion Loss of structure found within the lymphatic system that consists of

lymphocytes within a network of fibers. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

MALN Misalign, misaligned Not to be in or come into precise adjustment or correct relative

position (Webster's)

MAPH Microphthalmia and

anophthalmia

An unnatural smallness of the eyes, occurring as the result of disease

or of imperfect development or congenital absence of all tissues of the

eyes. (Gray's)

MELM Melanomacrophages

MHYP Myeloid Hyperplasia The abnormal multiplication or increase in the number of normal cells

in normal arrangement in myeloid (Graylab on-line medical dictionary)

MYOP Myopathy disorder of muscle tissue or muscles

NCRL Necrotic Lesions

NCRO Necrosis Death of a cell or group of cells as a result of injury, disease, or other

pathologic state. 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

HIS HISTOLOGY EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-89

NCVS Nuclear Vesiculation Vesiculation -the prescence or formation of vesicles. (Dorlands) 

Nuclear - Of or pertaining to a nucleus; as, the nuclear spindle or the

nuclear fibrils of a cell; the nuclear part of a comet, etc

(http://www.graylab.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?nuclear).

NPHG Nephrogenesis development or growth of the kidney.

NPHR Nephrosis Degenerative or retrogressive renal lesions, distinct from inflammation

(nephritis) or vascular involvement (nephrosclerosis), especially as

applied to tubular lesions.

PNCH Parenchyma The essential elements of an organ, used in anatomical nomenclature

as a general term to designate the functional elements of an organ, as

distinguished from its framework or stroma. Also known as

parenchymal cells. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk) 

PRLF Proliferation

PRVN Proventriculitis Inflammation of the glandular first portion of the stomach of birds, in

which food from the crop (crop, avian) is mixed with peptic enzymes

and passed to the gizzard.

RCVL Reduced Corticle

Volume

Decrease in corticle volume.

RFSZ Reduced Follicle Size Decrease in follicle size.

RPCD Reduced

Periarteriolar

Lymphocyte Sheath

Cell Density

As an arteriole leaves a septum and enters the interior volume of the

spleen it immediately acquires a continuous coating of lymphocytes.

This "sleeve" of lymphocytes is the periarteriolar lymphocyte sheath,

or PALS.

(http://education.vetmed.vt.edu/Curriculum/VM8054/Labs/Lab13/Lab13

.htm)

SCNG Sinus Congestion Blockage of one or more of the four pairs of sinus passageways in the

skull. Blockage may result from inflammation and swelling of the

nasal tissues, obstruction by one of the small bones of the nose

(deviated septum) or from secretion of mucus

(http://www.healthwell.com/healthnotes/Concern/Sinus_Congestion.cf

m).

SHMT Sinus

Haematopoiesis

The formation and development of blood cells involving both

proliferation and differentiation from stem cells in the sinus (Graylab

on-line medical dictionary)

SHYP Sinus Hyperplasia The abnormal multiplication or increase in the number of normal cells

in normal arrangement in the sinus (Graylab on-line medical dictionary)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

HIS HISTOLOGY EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-90

SMLN Severe misalignment Not to be in or come into precise adjustment or correct relative

position (Webster's)

SMMN Slight to moderate

misalignment

Not to be in or come into precise adjustment or correct relative

position (Webster's)

SNAP Synapses the point at which a nervous impulse passes from one neuron to

another (Webster's) 

SOSS Surpernumerary

ossification

beyond the normal number of ossifications

SWEL Swelling, Swollen

TFLR Tissue Damage

Measured by

Fluorescence under

Dyes or in Uv Light

USTR Ultrastructural

Changes

VCLZ Vacuolization The process of forming vacuoles; the condition of being vacuolated.

XCPH Exencephaly Condition in which the skull is defective with the brain exposed or

extruding. Synonym: exencephalia. (Gray's)

MOR MORTALITY OR SURVIVORSHIP2 GROUP

MOR MORTALITY EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition

BDAY Bird days This is a measure of survivorship. Bird days is equal to the number of

birds aliveon day X * X days. (36364)

DLMT Dominant lethal

mutations

(1-live embryos per test female/live embryos per control female) X 100

DTTM Death with tumors Mortalities that occurred with tumors

EBCN Effective Body

Concentration

The body residue of a chemical that is associated with an effect.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MOR MORTALITY EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-91

GMOR Mortality/Survival,

General

Used when more than one measurement is coded for an AQUIRE

record. (General mortality is a place holder for AQUIRE transfers)

HTCH Hatch Change in percent hatch, time to hatch or number of eggs hatched.

LBCN Lethal Body

Concentration

Also Lethal Body Burden. The body residue of a chemical that is

associated with mortality.

Use this effect-measurement pair if the author reports an endpoint

based on lethal body burden or lethal body concentration (internal

chemical concentrations).

LIFE Life Expectancy

LFSP Lifespan or longevity

MDTH Mean Time of Death

MORT Mortality Effect expressed as % death or % survival. A lethal effect may

describe mortality (MOR) or an observed behavior that indicates

mortality (e.g., shell valve closures for bivalves (SVC), immobilization

(IMM) for invertebrates, or detachment (DET) for sessile organisms). 

"MOR" differs from "ABD" in that an initial number of organisms is

known for the mortality effect and results are expressed in terms of the

initial number (e.g., percent survival). If the author defines criteria used

to determine that the organism was dead, and then identifies the effect

as a lethal effect, "MOR" will be coded in the EFFECT field. MOR may

be coded as an effect with either LC, EC, LD, NOEC, or LOEC

endpoints.

PSUR Probability of

Survival

Survival probability, g(x), describes the probability of survival from age x

to age x+1, given thatan individual has already survived to age x. To

calculate g(x), divide the survivorship schedule at age x+1:l(x+1) by the

survivorship schedule at age

SURV Survival

SVVS Survivorship Number alive at beginning of an age class from original cohort

TDTH Time to Death

TKNO Knockdown

TLET Time to 100%

Mortality

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL GROUP
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-92

IMM IMMUNITY EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition

ABDT Antibody Titres

ABSC Abscess A localized pus-forming (suppurative) bacterial infection.

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?abdominal+abscess)

ASHG Anti-sheep Red

Blood Cell

Hemaglutinin

CMGR Cell migration Implies movement of a population of cells from one place to another as

in the movement of neural crest cells during morphogenesis

DHYP Delayed Type

Hypersensitivity

GIMM Immunity, General Used when more than one measurement is coded for an AQUIRE

record. 

HEAL Healing To make sound or whole [heal a wound]

HMRL Humoral immunity immune responses moderated by antibodies (grayline)

HTPL Heterophiles An antibody raised against an antigen from one species that also

reacts against antigens from other species.

IFCT Infected Contaminated with a disease-producing substance or agent (Webster's)

IGMG Immunoglobin G The classical immunoglobulin class also called 7S IgG (150 kD).

Composed of two identical light and two identical heavy chains, the

constant region sequence of the heavy chains being of the type. The

molecule can be described in another way as being composed of two

Fab and an Fc fragment. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

IGMM Immunoglobin M An immunoglobulin M molecule (970 kD) is built up from five

immunoglobulin G type monomers joined together, with the assistance

of J chains, to form a cyclic pentamer. Immunoglobulin M binds

complement and a single molecule bound to a cell surface can lyse

that cell. Immunoglobulin M is usually produced first in an immune

response before immunoglobulin G. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

INTS Intussusception Intussusception refers to a telescoping of one portion of the intestine

into another. This results in reduced blood supply to the affected portion

of the intestine. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgibin/omd?intussusception)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

IMM IMMUNITY EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-93

LKMA Leukemia An acute or chronic disease of unknown cause in man and other warm

blooded animals that involves the blood forming organs, is

characterised by an abnormal increase in the number of leucocytes in

the tissues of the body with or without a corresponding

LYPA Lymphoma Malignant tumour of lymphoblasts derived from B lymphocytes.

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

LYMP Lymphocyte Activity

MCPG Macrophage activity Relatively long lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues, derived from

blood monocyte. Macrophages from different sites have distinctly

different properties. In response to foreign materials they may become

stimulated or activated. Macrophages play an important role in killing of

some bacteria, protozoa and tumor cells. They release substances that

stimulate other cells of the immune system and are involved in antigen

presentation. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

MPHG Microphage

Function, Activity

MYEL Myelosis A condition characterized by abnormal proliferation of tissue or cellular

elements (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?myelosis)

NKCA Natural Killer Cell

Activity

PARA Amount or Percent 

Organisms Infested

with Parasites

PFCR Plaque forming cell

response

Plaque forming cell = An antibody-producing cell detected in vitro by its

ability to lyse antigen-sensitized erythrocytes in the presence of

complement. 

http://www.fleshandbones.com/immunology/roitt/glossary.cfm?letter=P

PHAG Phagocytosis A specialized form of macropinocytosis in which cells engulf large solid

objects such as bacteria and deliver the internalized objects to special

digesting vacuoles.

PNMA Pneumonia Inflammation of the lungs with consolidation.

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?pneumonia)

PRNF Parasitic Infection

PRTU Proteuria the presence of an excess of serum proteins in the urine; called also

albuminuria (Dorland's On-Line) (also known as proteinuria)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

IMM IMMUNITY EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-94

RSTT Rosette Response,

Rosette Forming

Cell Concentration

THYM Thymocyte Activity

INJ INJURY EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition

ABSN Abrasion A superficial injury to the skin or other body tissue caused by rubbing

or scraping resulting in an area of body surface denuded of skin or

mucous membrane

ADNM Adenoma A benign epithelial tumour in which the cells form recognizable

glandular structures or in which the cells are clearly derived from

glandular epithelium. (Gray's)

AMLD Amyloidosis Deposition of amyloid. A common complication of several diseases

(leprosy, tuberculosis), often associated with perturbation of the

immune system, although there may be immunosuppression or

enhancement. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

AUTO Autotomy Constriction and/or loss of segments (ECOREF#47717). The act of

casting off a body part as a means of escape

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

BTMR Benign tumor A nonmalignant clone of neoplastic cells that does not invade locally or

spread to other parts of the body (metastasize), having lost growth

control but not positional control. Usually surrounded by a fibrous

capsule of compressed tissue. (Gray's)

CLRS Chlorosis A form of macrocytic anemia in young females characterized by

marked reduction in hemoglobin and a greenish skin color. A disease

condition of green plants seen as yellowing of green parts of the plant. 

CURV Curvature

DAMG Damage

DESI Desiccation The permanent decrease or disappearance of water.

GINJ Injury, General Used when more than one measurement is coded for an AQUIRE

record. 

IFLM Inflammation A localized protective response elicited by injury or destruction of

tissues, which serves to destroy, dilute or wall off (sequester) both the

injurious agent and the injured tissue. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

INJ INJURY EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-95

MTMR Malignant tumor A tumor that tends to become progressively worse and to result in

death. Having the properties of anaplasia, invasion and metastasis. 

MUTI Mutigenesis the occurrence or induction of mutation

PLYP Polyp a projecting mass of swollen and hypertrophied or tumorous membrane

SYMP Symptom Severity

Index

THMB Thrombosis Aggregations of blood factors, primary platelets and fibrin with

entrapment of cellular elements, frequently causing vascular obstruction

at the point of its formation. 

TUMR Tumor Induction

ULCR Ulcer A local defect or excavation, of the surface of an organ or tissue, which

is produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue

VASC Vascular Disruption

WART Papilloma, wart Wart, benign tumor of the epithelium

ITX INTOXIFICATION EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition

ANOR Anorexia Loss of appetite .

ATAX Ataxia Lack of muscular coordination due to any of several nervous system

diseases.

CONV Convulsions An episode of involuntary, generally violent muscular contractions. 

GITX Intoxication, General Used when more than one measurement is coded for an AQUIRE

record. 

IMBL Immobile Change in the failure to respond or lack of movement after mechanical

stimulation. 

INCO Incoordination

MBLT Mobility

PARL Paralysis Complete or partial loss of motor or sensory function.

TINT Time to Signs of

Intoxication
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-96

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition

ABSC Abscission A physiological process promoted by abscisic acid whereby plants

shed a part, such as a leaf, flower, seed, or fruit.

APCT Aerobic Protein

Catabolism

ADPE Adsorption

Efficiency

ADPO Oxidative

Phosphorylation

Conversion of inorganic phosphate to the energy-rich phosphate of

adenosinetriphosphatase by reactions associated with the electron

transfer system. 

AECG Abnormal ECG electrocardiogram (ECG / EKG) is an electrical recording of the heart

AECH Adenylate energy

charges (AEC)

The Adenylate energy charge (AEC) accounts for the regulation of

enzymatic activity by ATP, ADP and/or AMP.

(digital.library.okstate.edu/oas/oas_pdf/v74/p31_36.pdf )

AEXR Ammonia Excretion

AHIN A-H Intervals The time from the initial rapid deflection of the atrial wave to the initial

rapid deflection of the His bundle (H) potential; it approximates the

conduction time through the A-V node (normally 50-120 msec). 

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

ALAE Aminolevulinic acid

excretion

Aminolevulinic acid excreted by organism

ANBC Aniline Binding

Capability

ASML Assimilation

Efficiency 

Change in efficiency of trophic transfers between different levels in the

food chain, e.g. between primary producers and grazers. 

ATFL Aortic flow The amount of blood flowing through the aorta.

AVCD AtrioVentricular

conduction delay

Delays in conduction below the bifurcation of Bundle of His cause

bundle branch or fascicular blocks, while atrioventricular conduction is

maintained, unless all three fascicles are simultaneously affected. The

causes are both intrinsic and extrinsic. However, since the AV node

and bundle of His provide a special connection of the atria to the

ventricles, focal injury from heart attacks, infections, catheter trauma, is

common. 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-97

AXSS Axis shift Related to the mean electrical axis of an EKG. The mean electrical

axis of the QRS complex is the average of the total depolarization of the

ventricles in the frontal plane. There is a correlation between the mean

electrical axis of the QRS complex and the electrical activity of the

heart. Therefore, in pathologic hypertrophy of either ventricle (ie. when

there is more muscle being depolarized), the axis tends to shift in the

direction of the hypertrophied ventricle.

BAAT rBAT induced amino

acid transfer

The transport of amino acids via the rBAT induced system involves an

electrogenic exchange of neutral and dibasic amino acids. rBAT is a

protein that is located in the brush border membranes of intestine and

renal proximal tubule cells. (ECOREF#45834

BDVL Blood Volume

BLPR Blood pressure pressure that is exerted by the blood upon the walls of the blood

vessels and especially arteries and that varies with the muscular

efficiency of the heart, the blood volume and viscosity, the age and

health of the individual, and the state of the vascular wall.

BLUM Bioluminescence The emission of visible light by living organisms.

BNDS Bending strength A measure of the load an object can bear if its ends are supported and

a weight is attached to the middle, i.e. it is how many pounds of lateral

force the object takes before it breaks. 

BTFT Butter fat The natural fat of milk and chief constituent of butter consisting

essentially of a mixture of glycerides (as those derived from butyric,

capric, caproic, and caprylic acids) (www.m-w.com)

BTMP Body Temperature

C14U C-14 Uptake Amount or process of Carbon-14 uptake by a cell

CAAS Calcium assimilation amount of calcium assimilated

CAEX Calcium excretion Calcium excreted by organism

CANU Calcium not

excreted

Calcium utilized/Calcium ingested * 100

CARE Calcium retained Calcium retained/Calcium ingested * 100

CARU Calcium retention to

utilization ratio

Ratio of Calcium retained (Utilized - Transferred to Egg) to Calcium

utilized (ingest - excreted)

CASS Carbon assimilation Assimilation of carbon into an organism or tissue.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-98

CATR Calcium transfer Per cent of calcium transferred to the egg, Calcium in egg/Calcium

utilized x 100

CATU Calcium transfer to

utilization ratio

Per cent of calcium transferred to the egg in relation to calcium utilized.

CAUP Calcium Uptake

CCCL Coccolith formation One of the small, interlocking calcite plates covering members of the

Coccolithophorida (unicellular, biflagelate, golden brown algae).

CDIN Cardiac index the heart output per unit of time over body surface, usually expressed in

terms of liters per minute per square meter

CDOP Cardiac output A measurement of the blood flow through the heart to the systemic (and

pulmonary) circulation. Cardiac output is expressed as volume of blood

per unit time or liters/minute (Graylab on-line medical dictionary).

CDUP Cadmium Uptake

CEBS Cytosolic estrogenbinding sitesMeasure of estrogen binding with sites within cytosol

CFIX Carbon Fixation

CFLW Coronary flow The amount of blood flowing through the coronary artery.

CLFX Chloride flux Rate of movement of Chloride ions across membranes

CLNC Clearance The rate at which a substance is removed from the blood.

CLRC Caloric content The energy derived from food is described by its caloric content.

CLUP Chloride uptake Amount of chloride taken in by an organism or an organism's tissues.

(per Cobalt uptake in SOP).

CMPS Compression

strength

The maximum load an object can withstand before failure (or specified

deformation) under standard test conditions.

CMRB Cholinergic

muscarinic receptor

binding

Distinct from the nicotinic cholinergic receptor in having no intrinsic ion

channel, the receptor is formed from one protein chain with 7

transmembrane regions. The receptors produce their effect via activation

of GTP-binding proteins. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgibin/omd?action=Home&query=)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-99

CNVY Conductivity Degree to which a substance transmits (conducts) a given physical

property, such as heat or electricity. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

CO2A Carbon dioxide

assimilation

Assimilation of carbon dioxide into an organism or tissue.

CO2F CO2 Fixation A mean in which photosynthetic bacteria obtain carbon for

biosynthesis. Most commonly utilizing the Calvin cycle to convert CO2

to organic carbon.

(instruct1.cit.cornall.edu/courses/biomi290/CO2FIX.html)

CO2T Carbon Dioxide

Tension, Partial

Pressure of Carbon

Dioxide, PCO2

COCE Coupling coefficient The voltage change observed in a neuron when current is injected into

another cell to which it is coupled by electrical synapses

(http://www.nature.com/cgitaf/DynaPage.taf?file=/nrn/journal/v2/n6/abs/nrn0601_425a_r.html)

COLD Cold Hardiness

COUP Cobalt uptake Amount of cobalt taken in by an organism or an organism's tissues.

CPCT Capacitance The property of an electric nonconductor that permits the storage of

energy as a result of the separation of charge that occurs when

opposite surfaces of the nonconductor are maintained at a difference of

potential (Websters)

CRAT Contraction rate The rate at which a site contracts (e.g. muscle contraction)

CREX Chromium excretion Chromium excreted in the urine by an organism.

CRSP Cellular respiration The conversion within the cell of nutrients (such as sugar molecules)

into chemical energy in the form of ATP, by reacting the food with

oxygen (O2) until the food has completely been degraded into carbon

dioxide and H2O. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/contents)

CRUP Chromium uptake Amount of chromium taken in by an organism or an organism's tissues.

CTIM Clotting Time

CTSL Carbon translocation The transfer of carbon from one part of an organism to another

CUUP Copper Uptake

CYSU Cystine uptake Amount of cystine taken in by an organism or an organism's tissues.

(per Cobalt uptake in SOP).
ECOTOX Code Appendix

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-100

DCRG Discharge a flowing or issuing out or something that is emitted (Webster's)

DFIX Dark Fixation No definition provided

DGST Digestion Digestion/digestibility. The conversion of food, in the stomach and

intestines, into soluble and diffusible products, capable of being

absorbed by the blood. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

DORB Dormancy Break

DORI Dormancy Induction

DRRH Diarrhea abnormally frequent intestinal evacuations with more or less fluid stools

(Webster's)

DSPS Diastolic pressure The intracardiac pressure during or resulting from the diastolic

relaxation of a cardiac chamber; the lowest arterial blood pressure

reached during any given ventricular cycle (Gray's)

DSTR Diestrus Period of sexual quiescence separating phases of the estrous cycle in

polyestrous animals. (Gray's)

NRGA Energy Assimilation

ECPT Energy charge

potential

ECTG Electrocorticogram A record of electrical activity derived directly from the cerebral cortex.

(Gray's) 

ECYC

Estrous cycle The correlated phenomena of the endocrine and generative systems of

a female mammal from the beginning of one period of estrus to the

beginning of the next (MW online).

EECG Electroencephalogra

m

EEUR Endogenous

Excreted Urea

EFFC Efficiency the ratio of the useful energy delivered by a dynamic system to the

energy supplied to it (http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary)

EMCN Emaciation Extremely thin or physically wasted (Gray's)

ENST Encystment The process of forming or becoming enclosed in a cyst or capsule 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-101

EOCL Electro-oculography Recording of the average amplitude of the resting potential arising

between the cornea and the retina in light and dark adaptation as the

eyes turn a standard distance to the right and the left. The increase in

potential with light adaptation is used to evaluate the condition of the

retinal pigment epithelium. Electrodes are placed on the skin adjacent

to the eyes measure changes in standing potential between the front

and back of the eyeball as the eyes move. A sensitive electrical test for

detection of retinal pigment epithelium dysfunction. (Gray's)

ERLD Electroretinography

light peak:darl trough

ratio implicit time

The ratio of light peaks to dark troughs of the waves of the response of

the test an in which an electrode is placed on the cornea of the eye to

measure the electrical response of the rods and cones in the retina. It

is useful in the evaluation of hereditary and acquired disorders of the

retina. A normal test will show the appropriate pattern responses during

moments of increased light intensity. Abnormal results can indicate

arteriosclerosis of the retina, retinal detachment, temporal arteritis (with

eye involvement) or vitamin A deficiency. (Gray's)

ERWA Electroretinography

wave amplitude

The wave amplitude response of the test an in which an electrode is

placed on the cornea of the eye to measure the electrical response of

the rods and cones in the retina. It is useful in the evaluation of

hereditary and acquired disorders of the retina. A normal test will show

the appropriate pattern responses during moments of increased light

intensity. Abnormal results can indicate arteriosclerosis of the retina,

retinal detachment, temporal arteritis (with eye involvement) or vitamin A

deficiency. (Gray's)

ERWI Electroretinography

wave implicit time

The wave implicit time response of the test an in which an electrode is

placed on the cornea of the eye to measure the electrical response of

the rods and cones in the retina. It is useful in the evaluation of

hereditary and acquired disorders of the retina. A normal test will show

the appropriate pattern responses during moments of increased light

intensity. Abnormal results can indicate arteriosclerosis of the retina,

retinal detachment, temporal arteritis (with eye involvement) or vitamin A

deficiency. (Gray's)

ERWL Electroretinography

wave latent time

The wave latent time response of the test an in which an electrode is

placed on the cornea of the eye to measure the electrical response of

the rods and cones in the retina. It is useful in the evaluation of

hereditary and acquired disorders of the retina. A normal test will show

the appropriate pattern responses during moments of increased light

intensity. Abnormal results can indicate arteriosclerosis of the retina,

retinal detachment, temporal arteritis (with eye involvement) or vitamin A

deficiency. (Gray's)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-102

ERWV Electroretinography

wave

A test in which an electrode is placed on the cornea of the eye to

measure the electrical response of the rods and cones in the retina. It

is useful in the evaluation of hereditary and acquired disorders of the

retina. A normal test will show the appropriate pattern responses during

moments of increased light intensity. Abnormal results can indicate

arteriosclerosis of the retina, retinal detachment, temporal arteritis (with

eye involvement) or vitamin A deficiency. (Gray's)

ESGM Estrogen

metabolism

the metabolism of estrogen to its breakdown products

ETRS Estrus That portion or phase of the sexual cycle of female animals

characterized by willingness to permit coitus; readily detectable

behavioral and other signs are exhibited by animals during this period.

(Gray's)

ETSA Electron Transfer

System Activity

EXCR Excretion Rate

EYTH Erythema A name applied to redness of the skin produced by congestion of the

capillaries, which may result from a variety of causes, the etiology or a

specific type of lesion often being indicated by a modifying term.

(Gray's)

FATT Obese Heavy, overweight

FDCV Food Conversion

Efficiency

FEPP Fecal production

FEUP Iron Uptake

FLUX Rate of Movement

of Ions Across

Membranes

FVOL Fluid volume The amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional object as

measured in cubic units (http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary)

GAEX Glycolic acid

excretion

Excretion of glycolic acid, which often serves as a basic component of

the extracellular compounds of microalgae and is also the main

substrate of photorespiration.

GFRT Glomerular Filtration

Rate
ECOTOX Code Appendix

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-103

GLGN Glucogenesis The making of molecules of the sugar glucose within a living cell from

something other than glycogen (a polysaccharide of glucose

molecules). (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

GLSY Glycogen synthesis The rate at which glycogen is produced in an organism

GLUP Glucose uptake Amount of glucose taken in by an organism or an organism's tissues.

(per Cobalt uptake in SOP)

GLYU Glycine uptake Amount of glycine taken in by an organism or an organism's tissues.

(per Cobalt uptake in SOP).

GPHY Physiology, General Currently an AQUIRE ONLY code. Change in the organic processes or

functions of a plant or an organism. Examples of effects in this

category include caloric content, cough frequency, granule or

concretion formation, heartbeat, membrane permeability, metabolic

stress, osmoregulation, , urine frequency, ventilatory rate.. Used when

more than one measurement is coded for an AQUIRE record.

GRAU Granule/Grain

Creation

GSTF Gas Transfer

GYCU Glycerol uptake Amount of glycerol taken in by an organism or an organism's tissues.

(per Cobalt uptake in SOP).

GYEX Glycolate excretion The excretion of a salt or ester of glycolic acid. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

H3BD Hemicholium-3

binding

A potent inhibitor of the high affinity uptake system for choline. It has

less effect on the low affinity uptake system. Since choline is one of

the components of acetylcholine, treatment with hemicholinium can

deplete acetylcholine from cholinergic terminals. 

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

H3UP H-3 Uptake Amount of H-3 taken in by an organism or an organism's tissues. (per

Cobalt uptake in SOP).

HCFX Hydrogen carbonate

flux

Rate of movement of Hydrogen Carbonate ions across membranes

HGUP Mercury uptake Amount of mercury taken in by an organism or an organism's tissues.

HLSS Alopecia, Hair loss Abscense of hair from skin areas where it is normally present.

HPRR Heat production rate

HPSR High pressure Increase in pressure in an organ or tissue (BPK)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-104

HTDP Heart Double

Product

Heart rate * cardiac output.

HTRT Heart Rate

HYDR Hydration The incorporation of molecular water into a complex molecule with the

molecules or units of another species.

HYTN Hypertension Persistently high arterial blood pressure. Hypertension may have no

known cause (essential or idiopathic hypertension) or be associated

with other primary diseases (secondary hypertension). (Gray's)

INRE Input resistance The input resistance, is defined as the ratio between the strengths of

the resultant voltage response and the current that is injected in a

neuron. (http://mrb.niddk.nih.gov/hagai/publ/decpoi/DefsMeth.html)

<IOUP> Ion Uptake

IUPT Iodine Uptake Amount of iodine taken in by an organism or an organism's tissues.

(per Cobalt uptake in SOP).

IRRI Irritation

IVCD Intraventricular

conduction defects

Nonspecific intraventricular conduction defects are diagnosed when the

QRS is modestly prolonged (< 120 msec) and the QRS pattern and

axis are not typical of a hemiblock. The conduction delay is considered

to occur beyond the Purkinje's myocardial gates and arises from slow

cell-to-cell conduction. The phenomenon is common in patients with

acute MI. No treatment is indicated. 

JRAC Junctional

resistance (AC)

Measured by AC current. Measured junctional resistance is isolated

from ground potential by seals and peripheral membrane resistances

(http://link.springerny.com/link/service/journals/00424/fpapers/esc/contents/02/00896/pape

r/s00424-002-0896-8ch100.

JRDC Junctional

resistance (DC)

Measured by DC current. Measured junctional resistance is isolated

from ground potential by seals and peripheral membrane resistances

(http://link.springerny.com/link/service/journals/00424/fpapers/esc/contents/02/00896/pape

r/s00424-002-0896-8ch100.

KUPT Potassium Uptake

LDGT Lipid digestion The conversion of lipid, in the stomach and intestines, into soluble and

diffusible products, capable of being absorbed by the blood. 

LDPX Lipid Peroxidation
ECOTOX Code Appendix

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-105

MBCR Metallothionein

Binding Capacity

Ratio

The ratio o toxicant to toxicant-binding capacity of metallothionein (MT)

in tissues. The ratio of unbound metal to metal binding capacity of

metallothionein within an organism.

MCCL Malocclusion Inappropriate contact between the teeth on closure

MCCN Microorganism

Cenosis 

A group of organisms in a self-sufficient community naturally occupying

a small area with a uniform environment throughout.

MCUS Mucus Production

MGUP Magnesium Uptake

MILK Milk A fluid secreted by the mammary glands of females for the nourishment

of their young (www.m-w.com)

MNER Mineralization Process of converting mineral or inorganic form

(http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?va=mineralization)

MNTL Manganese

translocation

The ability of an organism to move manganese from one location to

another.

MNUP Manganese Uptake

MSTR Metestrus Short period following estrus during which the phenomena of estrus

subside in those animals in which pseudopregnancy does not occur.

(Gray's)

MYCO Mycorrhizal

Colonization

NAFX Sodium flux Rate of movement of Sodium ions across membranes

NASM Nitrogen assimilation Amount of nitrogen assimilated

NAST Nastic Movements Movement of a flat plant part, oriented relative to the plant body and

produced by diffuse stimuli causing disproportionate growth or

increased turgor pressure in the tissues of one surface.

NAUP Sodium uptake The ability of an organism to remove sodium from a substrate and take

sodium into its body.

NCOS Na and Cl osmolality The fractional contribution of Na+ and Cl- to osmolality (Na+ + Cl-

/osmolality) (ECOREF#48368)

NEXC Nitrogen excretion Nitrogen excreted by organism

NFIX Nitrogen Fixation Change in ability of plants to fix nitrogen.

NIUP Nickel Uptake
ECOTOX Code Appendix

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-106

NMYC Non-mycorrhizal

colonization

NPRA Net Photosynthetic

Rate

NRGF Metabolic efficiency

NRGI Energy intake

NRGM Metabolized energy

NRGX Energy excreted

NRSP Neuroresponse 

NRUP Neutral Red Uptake

NRXN Nerve reaction Amount of time or a response of a nerve to a stimulus.

NTSL Nitrogen

translocation

The ability of an organism to move nitrogen from one location to

another.

NUPT Nitrogen Uptake

NVAR Nerve absolute

refractory period

The period following excitation when no response is possible regardless

of the intensity of the stimulus. (Gray's)

NVCV Nerve conduction

velocity

time it takes for a nerve to transmit a signal

NVRR Nerve relative

refractory period

The period between the effective refractory period and the end of the

refractory period; fibres then respond only to high intensity stimuli and

the impulses conduct more slowly than normally. (Gray's)

OCCP Oxygen Carrying

Capacity

OSFG Osmotic fragility The susceptibility, or lack of resistance, of erythrocytes to haemolysis

when exposed to increasingly hypotonic saline solutions. Measured by

the erythrocyte fragility test. (Gray's)

OSMO Osmolality The osmolality of an ideal solution of a nondissociating substance that

exerts the same osmotic pressure as the solution being considered.

OXYG Oxygen

Consumption

Quantifiable change in oxygen uptake by the test organism; for plants

see PSE (photosynthesis).
ECOTOX Code Appendix

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-107

OXYT Oxygen Tension,

Partial Pressure of

Oxygen Dioxide,

Po2 

PAMP P amplitude The P wave represents atrial depolarization - the time necessary for an

electrical impulse from the sinoatrial (SA) node to spread throughout

the atrial musculature (http://www.utoledo.edu/~xflores/ekgsinterpretation.htm)

PBAL Ponderal balance Is equal to [(Urine + Feces - Drinking Water - Consumed Food +

(Weight Change/Initial Weight)] * 100 (EcoRef # 56796)

PBEX Lead excretion Lead excreted by organism

PBUP Lead Uptake

PDGT Protein digestion The conversion of protein, in the stomach and intestines, into soluble

and diffusible products, capable of being absorbed by the blood. 

PERA Protein Efficiency

Ratio

PERM Permeability, tissue,

membrane

The ability of a membrane or other material to permit a substance to

pass through it. 

PEXC Phosphorus

excretion

Phosphorus excreted by organism

PGSY Prostaglandein

synthesis

Any of a group of components derived from unsaturated 20 carbon fatty

acids, primarily arachidonic acid, via the cyclooxygenase pathway that

are extremely potent mediators of a diverse group of physiologic

processes. The abbreviation for prostaglandin is PG, specific

compounds are designated by adding one of the letters A through I to

indicate the type of substituents found on the hydrocarbon skeleton and

a subscript (1, 2 or 3) to indicate the number of double bonds in the

hydrocarbon skeleton for example, PGE2. All of the prostaglandins act

by binding to specific cell surface receptors causing an increase in the

level of the intracellular second messenger cyclic AMP (and in some

cases cyclic GMP also). The effect produced by the cyclic AMP

increase depends on the specific cell type.Increased cyclic AMP

increases prostaglandin synthesis leading to further increases in cyclic

AMP. See also individual prostaglandins. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

PIGM Pigmentation Quantitative (ie., compared to the control) change in the pigment, e.g.

melanization. Does not include chlorophyll (see CLR). If pigment levels

are reported code in BCM.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-108

PNUT Phosphorus not

excreted

Phosphorus utilized/Calcium ingested * 100

PPUP Phosphate uptake The ability of an organism to remove phosphate from a substrate and

take phosphate into its body.

PRET Phosphorus retained Phosphorus retained/Calcium ingested * 100

PRIN PR Intervals The PR interval measures the beginning of arterial depolarization

through the beginning of ventricular depolarization.

PRSY Protein Synthesis

PRUT Phosphorus

retention to

utilization ratio

Ratio of Phosphorus retained (Utilized - Transferred to Egg) to

Phosphorus utilized (ingested - excreted)

PSII Photosystem II

(PSII) Electron

Transport Activity

PSSR Pressure The act of pressing, or the condition of being pressed; compression; a

squeezing; a crushing.

PSTR Proestrus Phase of the estrous cycle preceding estrus during which the Graafian

follicle undergoes maturation. Applies to animals. (Gray's)

PSYN Photosynthesis Change in plant productivity indicated by change in 14C or CO2 uptake

or oxygen production.

PTIM Prothrombin time The clotting of blood, also known as coagulation time or clotting time

PTRN Phosphorus transfer Per cent of phosphorus transferred to the egg, Phosphorus in

egg/Phosphorus utilized x 100

PTUC Protein Utilization

Coefficient

PTUT Phosphorus transfer

to utilization ratio

Perent of phosphorus transferred to the egg in relation to phosphorus

utilized.

PUPT Phosphorus Uptake

QAMP Q amplitude Depolarization of the septum. It is the first downward (negative)

deflection before the R wave.

(http://www.udel.edu/HESC/physLab/TotalReview.htm)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-109

QRSV Decreased QRS

voltage

QRS Complex = The deflections in an electrocardiographic tracing and

represent ventricular activity of the heart.

QTIN QT Interval Time from electrocardiogram Q wave to the end of the T wave

corresponding to electrical systole. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/)

RAMP R amplitude Depolarization of the apex. It is a upward (positive)

deflection.(http://www.udel.edu/HESC/physLab/TotalReview.htm)

RBCD Relative bradycardia Bradycardia = slow heart rate.

RCRA Renal Clearance

Ratio

RESP Respiration, O2

Production, CO2

Production

RESQ Respiration Quotient

RPRT Respiratory Rate

SAMP S amplitude Depolarization of the ventricular wall. The S wave a downward (negative)

deflection after an R wave.

(http://www.udel.edu/HESC/physLab/TotalReview.htm)

SBNF Swim bladder

inflation

The ability for inflation of the swim bladder, a gas filled cavity found in

the body cavity of most bony fishes.

SCGR Scope for Growth SFG= (energy consumed * assimilation efficiency) - energy lost through

respiration

SENE Senescence The study of the biological changes related to aging.

SENI Senescence

Induced/Accelerated

SENR Senescence

Retarded

SEUP Selenium Uptake

SIDP Siderophore

production

Production of natural iron binding compounds that chelate ferric ions

(which form insoluble colloidal hydroxides at neutral pH and are then

inaccessible) and are then taken up together with the metal ion.

(cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

SLVN Salivation To have a flow of saliva especially in excess (Webster's)

SOXA Sulfide oxidation

activity
ECOTOX Code Appendix

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-110

SOXG Superoxide

Generation

SRLO Spectral

Reflectance/Shift to

Longer Wavelengths

SRSH Spectral

Reflectance/Shift to

Shorter Wavelengths

STAS Stasis A state of static balance or equilibrium

STCG S-T changes Related to EKG, S-T Segment. The line between the end of the S

wave and the beginning of the T wave.

STIN ST interval Time interval from the ending of the S-wave until the ending of the Twave (in milliseconds) (http://bct.tn.utwente.nl/Definitions.htm)

STOC Stomatal

Conductance

A plant property related to the ease with which water vapor escapes

from plant leaves through small pores in the leaves know as stomata

(http://www.co2science.org/dictionary/define_s.htm).

STOM Stomatal Aperture

STVL Stroke volume the total volume of blood pumped by the heart in a single beat 

STWK Stroke Work The work done by the ventricle to eject a volume of blood into the aorta

(http://www.oucom.ohiou.edu/CVPhysiology/CF019.htm).

SUPT Sulfur uptake A nonmetallic element that occurs either free or combined especially in

sulfides and sulfates, is a constituent of proteins, exists in several

allotropic forms including yellow orthorhombic crystals, resembles

oxygen chemically but is less active and more acidic, and is used

especially in the chemical and paper industries, in rubber vulcanization,

and in medicine for treating skin diseases

SWEL Swelling

SYPS Systolic Pressure The pressure exerted on the walls of the arteries during the contraction

phase of the heart. Considered abnormally elevated if consistently over

150 mmHg. Systolic blood pressure varies with age, sex, size and

relative condition (Graylab on-line medical dictionary).

T34C T3/T4 Conversion

rate

The turnover of T3 divided by the turnover of T4 times 100 is the

conversion rate (ECOREF#65157)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-111

TAMP T amplitude The T wave represents the repolarization of the ventricles. On rare

occasions, a U wave can be seen following the T wave.

(http://www.utoledo.edu/~xflores/ekgs-interpretation.htm)

TEAR Lacrimation, Tearing Shedding of tears

TEUR Total Excreted Urea

TEVG trans-epithelial

voltage gradient

Measured by an electro-olfactogram. Ions of opposite charge actively

transported across the apical membrane barrier through the paracellular

pathway in response to the transepithelial voltage gradient. The osmotic

gradient created by the net transepithelial flow of ions thus provides the

driving force for liquid movement across the airway epithelium.

(http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/91/2/797)

TEXT Texture Change

THBR Thyroid Hormone

Binding Ratio

Recommended nomenclature for T3 Uptake test. A ratio of the solid

matrix uptake and the serum uptake

(http://www.abbottdiagnostics.com/glossary/glossary_t.htm).

THRG Thermoregulation

TIRD Languid, tired, weak Drooping or flagging from exhaustion; indisposed to exertion; without

animation; weak

TRAN Transpiration The passage of a gas or liquid (in the form of vapor) through the skin, a

membrane, or other tissue. 

USTS Unknown estrus

stage

Unknown/undetermined stage of the estrus cycle

VENT Ventilation,

Opercular

Movements,

Undulatory

Movements

VMRS Vasomotor response Vasomotor = Pertaining to the regulation of the constriction or

expansion of blood vessels.

VSCR Vascular resistance An expression of the resistance offered by the systemic arterioles, and

to a lesser extent by the capillaries, to the flow of blood. (Gray's)

WLSS Water loss A decrease in water in cells, organs tissues or bodies (BPK)

WTUP Water uptake

WILT Wilt
ECOTOX Code Appendix

PHY PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-112

ZNUP Zinc Uptake

POP POPULATION GROUP

POP POPULATION EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition

ABND Abundance (Number

of Organisms/Area;

Density) 

Number of individuals of a taxon per unit area equivalent to density.

Comparison to controls; not related to time. Use for coding efficacy of

removal of lice from fish.

BMAS Biomass; Includes Harvest Yield, Fruit or Seed Yield, Mass of Organism, Mass of

Population.

CHLA Chlorophyll A

Content

Pigment found in photosynthetic cells; occurs in all organisms

exhibiting aerobic photosynthesis.

CHLO Chlorophyll Content Pigment found in photosynthetic cells. Measurable change in

chlorophyll content including chlorophyll content, chlorosis.

CNTL Control To reduce the incidence or severity of, especially of weeds or insects to

innocuous levels

COVR Cover, Canopy Area covered by canopy

DBLT Population doubling

time

The time (usually reported in years) that it takes a population to double

it present size.

DRFT Drift Change in the number of larval aquatic insects to travel a given distance

in a stream.

DVRS Diversity, Evenness Change in number of species in a given area or index of species

diversity (e.g. species richness, evenness).

EBCN Effective Body

Concentration

The body residue of a chemical that is associated with an effect.

GENT Generation Time

GPOP Population Changes,

General

Used when more than one measurement is coded for an AQUIRE

record.

INDX Index to Population

Size; Count, 

Number, Abundance
ECOTOX Code Appendix

POP POPULATION EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-113

IRIN Intrinsic Rate of

Increase

LAGT Lagtime

LCON Length/duration of a

chemical

effectiveness 

Represents the duration of time that a chemical retains its efficacy

against a species or population. Usually reported as the first day after

application that a species appears in the treated area. BPK

LCYC Lifecycle Total time taken by adults to produce new adults

NCHG Population Change

(Change in

N/Change in Time)

NGEN Number of

generations

Number of generations in a population

PBMS Biomass or Weight

of Entire Population

PBRA Biomass Turnover

Ratio

(Population/Biomass

)

A measure that depends directly on growth and reproduction and

indirectly on fertility through the rate of increase

PCCP Population Carrying

Capacity 

Change in the carrying capacity of the population.

PGRT Population Growth

Rate

Rate of growth. Equivalent to intrinsic rate of increase and maximum

possible rate of growth for species populations and colonies. Calculated

by relating biomass or abundance to time. Life table data, germination

rates are also included.

PSYN Photosynthesis Photosynthesis of an entire population usually algae. Change in

productivity indicated by change in 14C or CO2 uptake or oxygen

production.

PRPE Predator/Prey

Dynamics

RCLN Colonization Rate Change in ability to colonize an uninhibited substrate under toxicant

stress.

RCPR Recapture Ratio Measure of size of an animal population; used to estimate the

population size of a single species of highly mobile animals

SEXR Sex Ratio

STTL Settling
ECOTOX Code Appendix

POP POPULATION EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-114

SURF Surface Area

SZDS Size distribution Number of organisms at certain lengths or weights measured within a

population

THCH Thatch accumulation

TRAP Trappability

VIDX Viability index Number of survivors on day 4/numbers of survivors on day 1

WGHT Weight

REP REPRODUCTION GROUP

REP REPRODUCTIVE EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition

0RSM No resorbed

embryos

No resorbed embryos

<ABNM> Abnormal DO not code REP ABNM. ABNM should be coded under MPH (when

adult body structures are changing) or DVP (when embryo or juveniles

are becoming abnormal throughout different lifestages)

ABRT Abort

AFST Atretic follicle stage The stage of development of the follicles in the ovary marked by

degenerative follicles with shrunken, irregular borders (ECOREF#52243)

BDEP Bird day egg

production

number of eggs produced/number of birds alive * 100

<BMAS> Biomass; Includes Harvest Yield, Fruit or Seed Yield, Mass of Organism, Mass of

Population..

BNDG Pair Bonding

Nesting Behavior

BRED Bred to propagate plants or animals sexually 

BTCF Beat/Cross

frequency

A standard sperm motility measurement, the beats per second divided

by the number of thimes the head crosses the mean head trajectory per

second (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (1997) Vol. 94, pp. 6842-6846)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

REP REPRODUCTIVE EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-115

CLLT Clutch length Number of days in a row on which a hen lays an egg is referred to as

the clutch length.

CLNE Cloning efficiency The ability of an organism to produce clones

CLPD Clutch production the time it takes to produce a clutch or the number of eggs in a clutch

CLUB Clubbing (Hydra

Reproduction)

COUR Courtship Behavior,

Sexual behavior

CRCE Circular cells A standard sperm motility measurement, the number of spermatozoa

swimming in circles (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (1997) Vol. 94, pp. 6842-

6846)

CYNG Care of Young,

Nest Attentiveness

EBCN Effective Body

Concentration

The body residue of a chemical that is associated with an effect.

EGPN Eggs per Nest

EREM Early resorbed

embryos

Embryos resorbed during the early part of the reproductive cycle

FCND Fecundity The innate potential reproductive capacity of the individual organism, as

denoted by its ability to form and separate from the body the mature

germ cells.

FERT Fertile, Fertility Fertility - The capacity to conceive or induce conception. 

FERZ Fertilization The physiochemical processes involved in the union of the male and

female gametes to form the zygote. 

FIDX Fertility index (Number fertile/Number cohabitated)*100

FRUT Fruit, fruiting The usually edible reproductive body of a seed plant; especially : one

having a sweet pulp associated with the seed. (Webster's)

FTCC Fertile cocoons

FLOR Floral Induction

FRMS Frames, Bees

FRUH Percent Fruit

Harvested
ECOTOX Code Appendix

REP REPRODUCTIVE EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-116

GCCT Germ cell count Number of sperm or eggs in the gonad or sample

GERM Germination The beginning or the process of development of a spore or seed. 

GEST Gestation Rate The percentage of mated females that delivered at least one viable fetus

(58044)

GFST Graafian follicle

stage

The stage of development of the follicles in the ovary marked by large

follicles bordered by an amphophilic egg membranes with a central core

of eosinophilic yolk proteins (ECOREF#52243)

GMET Gamete production Creation of a sex cell, egg, or sperm.

GIDX Gestation Index

GMEN Germination Energy GE = [(n1-n0)/t1 + (n2-n1)/t2 + (n3-n2)/t3 +.....(ni-ni-1)/ti] * 100/R =0/0

n1, n2, n3...ni = Cumulative germination counts on consecutive days

t1, t2, t3...ti = numbers of days after beginning of test

R = constant obtained by dividing 100 (which is a perfect germination

percentage value for any species) by number of days on which first

germination evaluations were made under international rules 

GREP Reproduction,

General

Change in male and/or female reproductive ability; fertilization and

fertilization rate; vegetation reproductive processes. Used when more

than one measurement is coded for an AQUIRE record. 

GSTT Gestation Time Gestation period = The period in mammals from fertilization to birth

HDEP Hen-day egg

production

number of eggs produced / number of live hens x 100 

HHEP Hen-housed egg

production

The cumulative number of eggs produced by the flock divided by the

number of birds originally placed in the flock.

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/ceah/cahm/Poultry/lay99de2.htm)

IFCC Infertile cocoons

INFL Inflorescence The group or arrangement in which flowers are borne on a plant. 

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?query=inflorescence)

INFT Infertile

LACG Lactating

LHMN Mean amplitude of

lateral head

displacement

A standard sperm motility measurement, the average of all deviations of

the head displacement from the mean head trajectory (Proc. Natl.

Acad. Sci. (1997) Vol. 94, pp. 6842-6846)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

REP REPRODUCTIVE EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-117

LHMX Maximum

amplitude of lateral

head displacement

A standard sperm motility measurement, the maximal deviation of the

head displacement from the mean head trajectory (Proc. Natl. Acad.

Sci. (1997) Vol. 94, pp. 6842-6846)

LIDX Lactation index percent of animals alive at the 4 days that survive the 21 day lactation

period

LNRY Linearity A standard sperm motility measurement, the distance in straight line

divided by actual distance traveled (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (1997) Vol.

94, pp. 6842-6846)

LREM Late resorbed

embryos

Embryos resorbed during the late part of the reproductive cycle

MIDX Mating index Number of animals with seminal plugs or sperm/number of animals

mated times 100

(www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/ghs/ghsfinal/ghsc11.pdf)

MONT Mounting,

Copulation,

Intercourse, Mating

A reproductive behavior in which one animal climbs atop a second

animal. Also copulation, intercourse, and mating

MOTL Motility Sperm motility

MSPW Mean spawns per

female

The mean number of times a female has spawned.

NANT Nests Abandoned

NCLU Corpus Lutea,

Number of

NDAY Number of Days

Between Eggs Laid

NEGI Number of Eggs

Incubated

NINC Number of Nests

Incubated

NMNT Non-mount A reproductive behavior which does not occur. This includes one animal

climbing atop a second animal. Also copulation, intercourse, and

mating.

NOIM Number of

implantations

The number of embryos that attached to the maternal uterine wall

(Webster's on-line).
ECOTOX Code Appendix

REP REPRODUCTIVE EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-118

NOPN Number of

Organisms per

Nest

NPOD Number of Pods

NPRG Not pregnant not containing unborn young within the body

NREP Non-reproducing

organisms

Barren plants or organisms

NRPR Net Reproductive

Rate

(Ro) Average number of offspring or seeds produced by an individual in

a population during its lifetime. Figured by the life table equation: 

Ro=Sum lx mx , where lx =the probability of survival from birth to age x

and mx = the average number of births per individual of age x.

(www.muw.edu/~mharvill/studch10.rtf and Population Biology: The

Evolution and Ecology of Populations, Chapter 12, P.W.Hedrick)

NSNT Successful Nests

NSPN Number Spawning

NSTS

Number of Active

Nests

NSTI Nest Initiation

NSTS Number of Nests

Produced

NTSZ Nest Size

NUNT Unsuccessful

Nests

NVIB Non-viable not capable of living; especially : not capable of surviving outside the

womb without artificial support (Webster's)

OBRD Open Brood

OEGP Onset of Egg

Production

OOCY Fully Developed

Oocytes

OVRT Ovulation Rate

PFST Primary follicle

stage

The stage of development of the follicles in the ovary marked by large

nucleus, abundant basophilic cytoplasm and no yolk vesicles

(ECOREF#52243)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

REP REPRODUCTIVE EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-119

PILS Post-implantation

loss

The loss of implanted embryos. This is calculated by determining the

ratio of dead to total implants from the treated group compared to the

ratio of dead to total implants from the control group.

PIPD Pipped

PLBR Pairs with Litter or

Brood

PREG Pregnant, paris or

gravid

Containing unborn young within the body , distended with or full of eggs

PRFM Pregnant Females

in a Population

PROG Progeny Includes Counts, Numbers, Clutch, Litter or Brood Size, Progeny

Produced Within a Specified Time Period, Numbers of Progeny per

Parent Organism. 

PRPL Preimplantation

loss

Loss of an embryo before uterine implantation (Webster's on-line).

PRTH Parthenocarpy Production of fruit without fertilization.

PSPG Pseudopregnancy False pregnancy. The term sometimes refers also to the premenstrual

stage of the endometrium because it resembles the endometrium just

before implantation of the blastocyst. (Gray's)

PSTG Stage of Pregnancy

RBEH Reproductive

Behavior Changes

REPO Reproducing

organisms

Organisms that have produced offspring.

RPLM Repeat bloom Repeat bloom, or bloom in the next year

(http://www.cahe.nmsu.edu/pubs/_h/h-321.html)

RPRD Reproductive

Capacity

RSEM Resorbed Embryos

RSUC Reproductive

Success (General)

SBRD Sealed Brood
ECOTOX Code Appendix

REP REPRODUCTIVE EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-120

SDIX Seed Index Grams per 100 seeds (definition from paper).

SEED Seed Number

SEPD Seed or spore

production

Production of seed or spore by vegetative process

SFST Secondary follicle

stage

The stage of development of the follicles in the ovary marked by the

presence of numerous eosinophilic yolk vesicles (ECOREF#52243)

SPCL Sperm Cell Counts

SPMC Spermatocytes a cell giving rise to sperm cells; especially : a cell that is derived from a

spermatogonium and ultimately gives rise to four haploid spermatids

(Webster's)

SPMG Spermatogonia a primitive male germ cell

SPNF Spawning

frequency

The number of times an organism spawns

SPRD Sporophyte

Production

SSET Seed Set (No.

Seeds/No. Florets)

STRL Sterility The inability to reproduce because of congenital or acquired

reproductive system disorders involving lack of gamete production or

production of abnormal gametes.

T50P Time to 50%

production

number of days to achieve 50% egg production.

TFPG Time to first

progeny

number of days to produce first litter.

TMNT Time to mounting Time it takes for a reproductive behavior to be exhibited. This includes

one animal climbing atop a second animal. Also copulation,

intercourse, and mating.

TPRG Time to

pregnancy/gravidity

Time from mating to first gravidity

<TPRD> Total Production

TSPN Time to Spawn
ECOTOX Code Appendix

REP REPRODUCTIVE EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-121

TTPR Time to peak

reproduction

The time it take for adults to reach peak reproductive output.

TUPR Tuber production Tuber = The enlarged end of a rhizome in which food accumulates, as

in potato.

VCTY Velocity A standard measure of sperm motility, the total distance traveled

divided by time (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (1997) Vol. 94, pp. 6842-6846)

VEGR Vegetative

Reproduction

VIAB Viable Offspring or

Seed

VPLG Vaginal/Copulatory

plug

A plug formed by the coagulation of semen; found in the vagina after

copulation in certain animals, such as the baboon, rat, and squirrel

(Gray's)

AEG AVIAN EGG EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition

ALEG Albumen Eggshell

Quality (Haugh

Units)

Haugh Units Scale objectively combines the thickness of the egg

albumen and the weight of the egg to a single score that can be

compared across all types of eggs

(http://www.sunnyqueen.com.au/03_quality/quality.htm)

BLSP Blood spots Also called meat spots. Occasionally found on an egg yolk. Contrary to

popular opinion, these tiny spots do not indicate a fertilized egg.

Rather, they are caused by the rupture of a blood vessel on the yolk

surface during formation of the egg or by a similar accident in the wall

of the oviduct. Less than 1% of all eggs produced have blood spots.

(http://www.georgiaeggs.org/pages/bloodspots.html)

BSCP Basal cap a roughly circular mass of crystalline material that tips mammillae

CRAK Cracking 

ESIN Eggshell Index

FERT Fertile, Fertility The quality or state of being fertile. (Webster’s)

Use this effect-measurement pair when the fertility of avian eggs is

studied.

LGTH Length

LSTE Eggs lost Eggs missing from the nest (could be due to parents eating eggs or

removing eggs from the nest) 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

AEG AVIAN EGG EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-122

MMMC Mammillary core Structures composed of organic knobs which serve as cyrstallization

sites on the outer surface of eggshell membranes

QUAL Quality

SHLL Shell, Percent 

SIZE Size The physical magnitude, extent, or bulk : relative or proportionate

dimensions .

SOFT Softness

STGH Strength The quality or state of being strong, power to resist force.

THIK Thickness Having or being of relatively great depth or extent from one surface to its

opposite..

VIAB Viable

VOLU Volume The amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional object as

measured in cubic units (as quarts or liters) : cubic capacity 

WDTH Width The horizontal measurement taken at right angles to the length .

WGHT Weight The heaviness of an object.

YOLK Yolk, Percent 

SYS ECOSYSTEM GROUP

PRS SYSTEM PROCESSES EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition

BGCM Biogeochemical Changes in whole system biogeochemical processes, e.g. sulfate

reduction, denitrification, methanogenesis, nitrification, ammonification,

net N or P removal.

CMIN Carbon

Mineralization 

CO2G CO2 Generation Carbon dioxide generation in a soil/litter microcosm system.

CO2P CO2 Evolution 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

PRS SYSTEM PROCESSES EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-123

DCMP Decomposition Change in rate of degradation of plant material.

GPPR Gross Primary

Productivity/Respira

tion 

Change in ratio of system-level gross primary productivity to respiration.

GPRS System processes,

General

General code for AQUIRE.

NITR Nitrification 

NMIN Net Mineralization 

OUPT Oxygen uptake Oxygen uptake in a soil/litter microcosm system.

PPRO Primary

Productivity 

SPRO Secondary

Productivity 

Change in production of consumer level organisms (e.g.

macroinvertebrates).

SRES System Respiration Change in rate of oxygen uptake by entire ecosystem, as opposed to

individual or groups of organisms.

TROP Efficiency of

Trophic Transfer

Between Different

Levels in the Food

Chain; Assimilation

Efficiency 

Change in efficiency of trophic transfers between different levels in the

food chain, e.g. between primary producers and grazers.

NOC NO GROUP CODE

NOC NO GROUP CODE EFFECT

Measurement

Code

Measurement

Name

Measurement Definition

MULT Multiple Effects

Reported as One

Result

Change in more than one effect when data were reported as one result;

this code is used with reservation. The use must be verified through

consultation with at least one other reviewer to ensure that the effects

can not be reported individually.

<NONE> None
ECOTOX Code Appendix

NOC NO GROUP CODE EFFECT

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 S-124

NRNR Endpoint Reported

Without a Specific

Effect

The author reported an endpoint, but not a specific effect.. This code is

used with reservation. The use must be verified through consultation

with at least one other reviewer to ensure that there are no effect

reported.

~XXX

[This is an

EFFECT codeNOT A

MEASURENT

CODE]

Delayed Effect Currently an AQUIRE ONLY code. An effect (xxx) reported after the

organisms are transferred to toxicant-free test chambers. A specific

exception is clearance prior to tissue analysis; e.g., “after the exposure

the organisms were placed in clean water for 10 hours to allow the

organism to clear the stomach contents”. This type of clearance is

distinguished from depuration and is not coded as a delayed effect (see

also page 4.C-10). Refer to Section 4.C-5. Test Result Parameters in

the guidelines for additional information regarding coding of delayed

effects.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 T-1

Appendix T. Endpoint Codes and Definitions

ECOTOX ENDPOINTS

DATABASE

USAGE

ENDPOIN

T

DEFINITION

TERRETOX ATCN Asymptotic threshold concentration: The concentration of a chemical at

which some percentage of a population of test organisms is in a state of

approximate homeostasis for some prolonged period of time.

TERRETOX BAF Bioaccumulation factor: A value that is the “ratio of the concentration of

a chemical in the organism to that in the medium (usually water). 

Bioaccumulation refers to both uptake of dissovled chemicals from

water (bioconcentration) and uptake from ingested food and sediment

residues.” (Casarett et.al. 1986) For TERRETOX, use BAF to reflect

concentration/ accumulation in tissues regardless of whether the author

addresses the ratio as BAF or BCF. The use of a BCF code in the

TERRETOX database will require prior approval.

AQUIRE BCF Bioconcentration factor: A term describing the degree to which a

chemical can be concentrated in the tissues of an organism in the

aquatic environment as a result of exposure to waterborne chemical at

steady state during uptake phase. The BCF is a value which is equal to

the concentration of a chemical in one or more tissues of the exposed

aquatic organism divided by the average exposure water concentration

of a chemical in the test. (Rand 1995) 

Use BCF only when reported by author for water exposures ie.,

AQUIRE; if BCF reported for terrestrial organisms/plants code as BAF.

BCFs of less than 1 and negative BCF values are suspect and should

be looked at by the EPA data base coordinator. Reviewers will code the

data and send the paper on to the EPA data base coordinator for review

and approval. The BCF’s less than 1 are coded as reported by the

author and negative BCF values are coded as <1.

AQUIRE BCFD Bioconcentration factor calculated using dry weight tissue concentration

TERRETOX

AQUIRE

ECxx Effective concentration for xx% of tested organisms.

TERRETOX

AQUIRE

EC100 Effective concentration to 100% of test organisms

AQUIRE EDxx Effective dose for xx% of tested organisms
ECOTOX Code Appendix

ECOTOX ENDPOINTS

DATABASE

USAGE

ENDPOIN

T

DEFINITION

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 T-2

AQUIRE

TERRETOX

ERxx Tissue concentration of toxicant needed to cause xx% effect in the test

population. (ECOREF#51644) The ERxx concentration should be

coded into the Concentration field and not the BCF field.

AQUIRE ETxx Effective time response to xx% of organisms. The time associated with

the response is coded in the DURATION field.

TERRETOX

AQUIRE

ICxx Inhibition concentration to xx% of organisms.

TERRETOX

AQUIRE

LCxx Lethal concentration to xx% of test animals.

TERRETOX

AQUIRE

LDxx Lethal dose to xx% of test animals

AQUIRE LETC Lethal Threshold Concentration: Toxicity curve asymptotic

concentration indicating an incipient LC50 value. Acute lethal action has

essentially ceased.

AQUIRE LOEC Lowest observable effect concentration

TERRETOX LOEL Lowest-observable-effect-level: lowest dose (concentration) producing

effects that were significantly different (as reported by authors) from

responses of controls (LOEAL/LOEC)

AQUIRE LRxx Lethal Residue Concentration. Tissue concentration of toxicant needed

to cause xx% mortality in the test population. (ECOREF#20453) The

LRxx concentration should be coded into the Concentration field and not

the BCF field.

TERRETOX

AQUIRE

LTxx Lethal time, median: time required for xx% of a population to die from a

given dose; also reported as “STxx” - survival time for xx% of a

population. The time associated with the response is coded in the

DURATION field.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

ECOTOX ENDPOINTS

DATABASE

USAGE

ENDPOIN

T

DEFINITION

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 T-3

TERRETOX

AQUIRE

MATC Maximum Acceptable Toxicant Concentration: Hypothetical threshold

concentration that is the geometric mean between the NOEC and

LOEC concentration. The term Chronic Value (ChV) is encoded as

MATC. Refer to companion endpoint note under LOEC definition

AQUIRE NOEC No observable effect concentration

TERRETOX NOEL No-observable-effect-level: highest dose (concentration) producing

effects not significantly different from responses of controls according

to author's reported statistical test (NOEAL/NOEC)

TERRETOX

AQUIRE

NR Not reported

AQUIRE NR-LETH 100% mortality or 0% survival of organisms

AQUIRE NR-ZERO 0% mortality or 100% survival of organisms
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-1

Appendix U. Response Site Codes

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

A

AB Aboveground Portion, Plant

ABD Abdomen 1. The portion of the vertebrate body between the thorax and

the pelvis or the cavity of this part of the body. 2. The elongate

region posterior to the thorax in arthropods. 

ABP Abdominal process Found in a parthenogenic female cladoceran. A long second

abdominal process of the post abdomen that extends beyond

the base of the anal setae

(www.epa.gov/waterscience/wet/disk2/pdf/apxal-a3.pdf)

AD Adipose Tissue A type of connective tissue specialized for lipid storage. 

ADC Auditory center Area of the brain that detects auditory stimulus

AF Amniotic Fluid A substance that fills the amnion to protect the embryo from

dessication and shock. 

AG Accessory Gland A mass of glandular tissue separate from the main body of a

gland. 

A gland associated with the male reproductive organs in

insects.

AL Albumen Egg white

AM Adductor Muscle Any muscle that draws a part of the body toward the median

axis.

ANG Antennal Gland (Green gland) An excretory organ in the cephalon of adult

crustaceans 

ANT Antenna (Antennae) A movable, articulated organ of sensation, attached to the

heads of insects and Crustacea. There are two in the former,

and usually four in the latter. They are used as organs of

touch, and in some species of Crustacea the cavity of the ear

is situated near the basal joint. In insects, they are popularly

called horns, and also feelers. The term in also applied to

similar organs on the heads of other arthropods and of

annelids. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

AP Appendages Any subordinate or nonessential structure associated with a

major body part. Any jointed, peripheral extension, especially

limbs, or arthropod and vertebrate bodies. 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-2

AR Adrenal Gland An endrocrine organ located close to the kidneys of

vertebrates and consisting of two morphologically distinct

components, the cortex and medulla.

ART Artery A vascular tube that carries blood away from the heart. 

AS Air Sac One of large, thin-walled structures associated with the

tracheal system of some insects. In birds, any of the small

vesicles that are connected with the respiratory system and

located in bones and muscles to increase buoyancy. 

AT Alimentary Tract Pertaining to the organs of digestion

ATA Aorta The largest artery in the body which has its origin at the heart.

It gives off branches to the extremities, neck and major organs

for the purpose of supplying oxygenated blood. (Gray's)

ATH Abdomen and thorax Sample consists of abdomen and thorax tissue.

ATM Atrium The chamber or either of the chambers of the heart that

receives blood from the veins and forces it into the ventricle or

ventricles (Webster's)

AX Axons The process or nerve fiber of a neuron that carries the

unidirectional nerve impulse away from the cell body.

B

BA Bark

BB Bulb

BC Buccal mass

BCT Bract A leaf-like structure, different from the foliage leaves and

without an auxiliary bud, associated with an inflorescence or

flower (Gray's)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-3

BD Bud An embryonic shoot containing the growing stem tip

surrounded by young leaves or flowers or both and frequently

enclosed by bud scales.

BDW Body wall Consists of the layers of tissue, including skin, connective

tissue, and hypaxial muscle, which surround and contain the

internal structures of the body 

BI Bile An alkaline fluid secreted by the liver and delivered to the

duodenum to aid in the emulsification, digestion, and

absorption of fats. 

BDT Bile duct A duct that carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the

duodenum (first part of the small intestine).

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

BIL Bill

BIT Biliary tract The biliary tract is a system of ducts that transports bile out of

the liver into the small intestine

(http://arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/liv

er/anatomy.html)

BL Blood A fluid connective tissue consisting of the plasma and cells

that circulate in the blood vessels. 

BLC Blood cells An erythrocye (red blood cell) or leukocyte (white blood cell)

BM Bone Marrow A vascular modified connective tissue occurring in the long

bones and certain flat bones of vertebrates. 

BMC Bone marrow cells Cells found in the bone marrow

BMP Bone marrow plasma Plasma from the bone marrow.

BO Bone One of the parts constituting a vertebrate skeleton. 

BOD Body use WO

BOL Bolls A pod or capsule, as of cotton and flax. 

BR Brain The portion of the vertebrate central nervous system enclosed

in the skull.

BRN Branches

BRS Brain stem

BT Breast
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-4

BU Bursa A simple sac or cavity with smooth walls containing a clear,

slightly sickly fluid and interposed between two moving

surfaces of the body to reduce friction. 

BV Blood Vessel A tubular channel for blood transport.

BW Bee’s Wax Yellow to grayish-brown solid wax obtained from bee

honeycombs by boiling and straining..

BY Byssus

C

CA Cartilage A specialized connective tissue which is bluish, translucent,

and hard but yielding.

CAE Caecum The blind end of a cavity, duct, or tube, especially the sac at

the beginning of the large intestine.

CAN Canopy The uppermost spreading branchy layer of a forest.

CAP Cap, Mushroom The convex, concave, or flattened spore-bearing structure of

some basidiomycetes that is attached superiorly to the stem

and typically is expanded with gills or pores on the underside -

- called also pileus.

CB Cob 1 : the axis on which the kernels of Indian corn are arranged. 2

: an ear of Indian corn .

CBC Cerebral cortex The outer portion of the brain, consisting of layers of nerve

cells and the pathways that connect them. The cerebral

cortex is the part of the brain in which thought processes take

place. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

CBH Cerebral hemisphere The two halves of the cerebrum, the largest part of the brain. 

CBM Cerebrum An enlarged anterior or upper part of the brain; especially : the

expanded anterior portion of the brain that in higher mammals

overlies the rest of the brain, consists of cerebral hemispheres

and connecting structures, and is considered to be the seat of

conscious mental processes 

CC Cocoon A protective case formed by the larvae of many insects, in

which they pass the pupa stage.

CCM Cecum the blind pouch at the beginning of the large intestine into

which the ileum opens from one side and which is continuous

with the colon (www.m-w.com) 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-5

CDB Caudal Bone

CDV Caudal vertebrae The vertebrae that form the skeleton of the tail. 

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

CE Coelomic fluid

CEL Cell The microscopic functional and structural unit of all living

organisms.

CG Cloacal gland Any of the sweat glands in the cloaca of lower invertebrates,

as snakes or amphibians.

CGG Coagulating gland Also known as the dorsal prostate, responsible for formation of

a copulatory vaginal plug - preventing backflow of deposited

semen (http://www.uwyo.edu/wjm/repro/maleanat.htm)

CRG Cerebral ganglion

CH Spinal Cord, The cordlike posterior portion of the central nervous system

contained within the spinal canal of the vertebral column of all

vertebrates.

CHP Choroid plexus Organ found within the ventricles of the brain and in the

subarachnoid space around the brain and spinal cord that

produces cerebrospinal fluid

(http://www.ets.uidaho.edu/med532/choroid.htm)

CIL Cilia Relatively short, centriole-based, hairlike processes on certain

anatomical cells and motile organisms.

CL Claw

CLM Coelomocytes A corpuscle, including amebocytes and eleocytes, in the

coelom of certain animals, especially annelids. 

CLN Colon The part of the large intestine that extends from the cecum to

the rectum

CLT Clitoris, Clitoral gland a small erectile organ at the anterior or ventral part of the vulva

homologous to the penis (Webster's)

CLV Calvarium the portion of the skull including the braincase and excluding

the lower jaw and facial portion

CM Crown to Rump

CMB Comb a fleshy crest on the head of the domestic fowl and other

gallinaceous birds (Webster's)

CN Cotyledon The first leaf of the embryo of seed plants. 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-6

CO Collagen A fibrous protein found in all multicellular animals, especially

in connective tissue.

COL Coleoptile The first leaf of a monocotyledon seedling.

COR Corm A short, erect, fleshy underground stem, usually broader than

high and covered with membrane scales.

COS Corpuscles of Stannius These are islands of eosinophilic granular cells located in

paired organs on the ventral surface of the kidney. This organ

secretes a protein called hypocalcin (teleocalcin) which acts

with calcitonin to regulate calcium metabolism.

(http://www.afip.org/vetpath/POLA/POLA96/fish.txt)

CP Capat

CPS Carpus The joint, or the region of the joint, between the hand and the

arm. The wrist.

 to CRP

CR Crop 1) A plant or animal grown for it commercial value.

2) A distensible saccular diverticulum near the lower end of

the esophagus of birds which serves to hold and soften food

before passage into the stomach.

CRB Cerebellum Part of the vertebrate hindbrain, concerned primarily with

somatic motor function, the control of muscle tone and the

maintenance of balance.

CRI Cervical rib A rib which arises from the seventh cervical vertebrae (above

the normal first rib). Occurs in only about 0.5% of people. May

cause nerve and artery problems. (Gray's)

CRM Cerebrum The portion of the brain (frontal lobes) where thought and

higher function reside. 

CRP Carapace A dorsolateral, chitinous case covering the cephalothorax of

many arthropods. 

CRR Cerebellar region

CS Chromosome Any of the complex, threadlike structures seen in animal and

plant nuclei during kariokinesis which carry the linearly

arranged genetic material. 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-7

CSF Cerebrospinal fluid a clear liquid which is very similar to the liquid portion of

blood(plasma) and contains various salts and products such

as sodium, calcium, bicarbonate, chloride, magnesium and

glucose. The purpose of the CSF is as a medium for the

transport of the chemicals to and from the brain, and also to

provide buoyancy and protection for the brain.

(http://www.geocities.com/TimesSquare/Dungeon/6214/csf.ht

m)

CT Cephalothorax the body division comprising the united head and thorax of

arachnids and higher crustaceans

CTE Ctenidium The comb or featherlike respiratory apparatus of certain

mollusks or a row of spines on the head or thorax of some

fleas (MHSD)

CU Culture Cells

CUT Cuticle A layer of more or less solid substance which covers the free

surface of an epithelial cell.

CV Caudal Vertebra Any of the small bones of the vertebral column that support

the tail in vertebrates.

CVV Cervical vertebrae The seven segments of the vertebral column located in the

neck. Synonym: vertebrae cervicales 

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

CVM Calvarium One of the bones that makes up the vault of the skull (in

humans these are the frontal, 2 parietals, occipital and 2

temporals). (Gray's)

CVX Cervix the narrow outer end of the uterus 

CX Caudex The main axis of a plant, including stem and roots. 

CY Cytosol The fluid portion of the cytoplasm, that is, the cytoplasm

exclusive of organelles and membranes. 

CYT Cytoplasm The organized complex of inorganic and organic substances

external to the nuclear membrane of a cell and including the

cytosol and membrane-bound organelles (as mitochondria or

chloroplasts) 

D

DG Digestive Gland Any structure that secretes digestive enzymes. 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-8

DN Diencephalon In vertebrate CNS the most rostral part of the brainstem,

consisting of the thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus and

epithalamus. It is a key relay zone for transmitting information

about sensation and movement and also contains (in the

hypothalamus) important control mechanisms for homeostatic

integration.

DO Duodenum

DT Digestive Tract The alimentary canal. 

E

EA Ear (Corn or Rice)

EAL Ear leaf (Corn)

EC Excreta Excretion products; waste materials excreted by the body. 

ED Endometrium The tissue lining the uterus, it is sloughed off during the

woman's menstrual period, and afterward grows back and

slowly gets thicker and thicker until the next period.

(cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

EG Egg Ova

EL Elytrom

EM Embryo 1) In animals, those derivatives of the fertilized ovum that

eventually become the offspring during their period of most

rapid development.

2) In plants, the element of the seed that develops into a new

individual.

EMS Embryonic shoot cells 

EN Entrails

EP Endoplasmic Reticulum A vacuolar system of the cytoplasm in differentiated cells that

functions in protein synthesis and sequestration. 

EPD Epididymis A system of ductules emerging posteriorly from the testis that

holds sperm during maturation and that forms a tangled mass

before uniting into a single coiled duct which is continuous

with the vas deferens

ER Erythrocyte Red blood cell. 

ES Esophagus The tubular portion of the alimentary canal interposed between

the pharynx and the stomach. 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-9

ET Edible Tissue

EU Egg Cuticle

EV Exuviae

EX Exoskeleton The external supportive covering of certain invertebrates, such

as arthropods.

EY Eye

EYS Eyestalk One of the moveable peduncles bearing an eye at the tip in a

decapod crustacean (Merriam-Webster)

EZ Enzyme Any of a group of catalytic proteins that are produced by living

cells and that mediate and promote the chemical processes of

life without themselves being altered or destroyed. 

F

F1 F1 Generation the immediate offspring of a parent generation

FAC Face The part of the head in which the eyes, cheeks, nose, and

mouth are situated. (Gray's)

FB Frontal Bone Of or pertaining to the forehead or the anterior part ofthe roof of

the brain case; as, the frontal bones.

FBR Forebrain The anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing

vertebrate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain

that includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the

thalamus, and the hypothalamus and that especially in higher

vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and

associative information processing, visceral functions, and

voluntary motor functions -- called also prosencephalon

(Webster's)

FC Feces The waste material eliminated by the gastrointestinal tract. 

FD Frond The leaf of a palm or fern.

FE Feathers

FG Foregut The anterior part of the alimentary canal of a vertebrate

embryo that develops into the pharynx, esophagus, stomach,

and extreme anterior part of the intestine 

FI Fin A paddle-shape appendage on fish and other aquatic animals

that is used for propulsion, balance, and guidance. 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-10

FIB Fibula A long bone in the lower leg that is adjacent to the tibia. The

fibula supports approximately 1/6th of the body weight and

produces the lateral (outer) prominence of the ankle.

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?fibula)

FL Fillet A boneless slice of meat or fish.

FLB Flower Bud

FLW Flower/ Inflorescence

FM Femur The proximal bone of the hind or lower limb in vertebrates. 

FMD Femur diaphysis The shaft of the femur. (Gray's)

FMM Femur metaphysis A conical section of the femur between the epiphysis (area

where growth occurs) and diaphysis (the shaft of the bone).

(Gray's) 

FO Foot

FOD Fodder

FOL Foliage The aggregate of leaves of one or more plants.(MW on-line)

FOR Forage A vegetable food for domestic animals.

FP Fatpad

FR Fruit A fully matured plant ovary with or without other floral or shoot

parts united with it at maturity. 

FRL Forelimb A front limb of a quadruped. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

G

GB Gall Bladder A hollow, muscular organ in vertebrates which receives dilute

bile from the liver, concentrates it, and discharges it into the

duodenum.

GF Green forage

GG Green Gland (antennal gland) An excretory organ in the cephalon of adult

crustaceans 

GI Gills The respiratory organ of water-breathing animals. (Also

branchia)

GC Gland Complex
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-11

GL Ganglion A mass of nerve tissue containing nerve cells external to the

brain or spinal cord.

GMT Germ tube

GNP Genital papillae Tactile or sensory organs located near genitalia as raised

bumps or nipples on a tissue surface

GNT Gnathopod A gnathopodite or maxilliped which is any leglike appendage

of a crustacean, when modified wholly, or in part, to serve as a

jaw, especially. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

GO Gonads A primary sex gland; an ovary or a testis.

GOL Golgi Apparatus A cellular organelle that is part of the cytoplasmic membrane

system; it is composed of regions of stacked cisternae and it

functions in secretory processes. 

GP Gills+Palps

GPD Gonopodium the pelvic fins of male fish that have been converted into

genital organs.

(http://www.exotictropicals.com/encyclo/information/aquarium

_glossary.htm)

GR Grain

GS Germinated seed

GT Gastrointestinal Tract The stomach and intestine.

GU Gut The intestine. The embryonic, digestive tube.

GZ Gizzard The muscular portion of the stomach of most birds where food

is ground with the aid of ingested pebbles.

H

HA Hair A threadlike outgrowth of the epidermis of animals. 

HAY Hay Hay

HC Hypocotyl callus cells

HD Head

HDG Hindgut The posterior part of the alimentary canal (Webster's)

HE Heart
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-12

HIP Hippocampus A curved elongated ridge that extends over the floor of the

descending horn of each lateral ventricle of the brain and

consists of gray matter covered on the ventricular surface with

white matter (Webster's)

HK Heart and Kidneys Sample consists of heart and kidney tissue.

HKG Husk and grain

HL Hemolymph The circulating fluid of the open circulatory systems of many

invertebrates.

HLB Hindlimb Either of two extremities of four-footed non-primate land

animals. It usually consists of a femur, tibia and fibula,

tarsals, metatarsals, and toes. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

HM Humerus The proximal bone of the forelimb in vertebrates.

HMC Hemocyte A cellular element of blood, especially in invertebrates. 

HO Honey The sweet, viscous secretion composed principally of levulose

and dextrose that is deposited in the honeycomb by the

honeybee.

HOD Hyoid Of or pertaining to the bony or cartilaginous arch which

supports the tongue (Gray's).

HP Hepatopancreas A gland in crustaceans and certain other invertebrates that

combines the digestive functions of the liver and pancreas of

vertebrates.

HSK Husk

HTC Heterocyst Clear, thick-walled cell occurring at intervals along the filament

of certain blue-green algae.

HTG Hatching gland A transversely oriented set of cells located deep to the

enveloping layer on the pericardial membrane, especially

during the pharyngula period because of the brightly refractile

cytoplasmic granules containing hatching enzymes in the

cells.

(http://www.purethrottle.com/briancoad/Dictionary/H.html)

HY Hypothalamus The floor of the third brain ventricle; site of production of

several substances that act on the adenohypophysis.

HYA Hypha Also known as Hyphae or Hyphal. One of the threads that

make up the mycelium of a fungus, increase by apical growth,

and are coenocytic or transversely septate (Webster's)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-13

HYD Hypodermis 1. The outermost cell layer of the cortex of plants, aka

exodremis. 2. The layer of cells that underlies and secretes

the cuticle in arthropods and other invertebrates.

HYP Hypocotyl The portion of the embryonic plant axis below the cotyledon. 

I

IB Interparietal Bone Between the parietal bones or cartilages; as, the interparietal

suture.

IE Ileum The last portion of the small intestine that communicates with

the large intestine. 

IL Ilium The dorsal, upper, and largest one of the three bones

composing either lateral half of the pelvis.

IN Intestinal Tract

IR Interrenal gland 

IT Internode The interval between two nodes, as on a stem or along a nerve

fiber.

J

JA Jaw Either of two bones forming the skeleton of the mouth of

vertebrates. Also known as mandible.

JE Jejunum The section of the small intestine that comprises the first two

fifths beyond the duodenum and that is larger, thicker-walled,

and more vascular and has more circular folds than the ileum

(Webster's)

JV Juvenile Physiologically immature or undeveloped lifestage. 

K

KI Kidney Either of a pair of organs involved with the elimination of water

and waste products from the body of vertebrates. 

KIL Kidney, left Either of a pair of organs involved with the elimination of water

and waste products from the body of vertebrates. 

KIR Kidney, right Either of a pair of organs involved with the elimination of water

and waste products from the body of vertebrates. 

KR Kernal A whole grain or seed of a cereal plant, such as corn or

barley.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-14

L

LAM Laminae the expanded part of a foliage leaf

LC Leaf chloroplast A type of cell plastid occurring in the green parts of plants,

containing chlorophyll pigments, and functioning in

photosynthesis and protein synthesis. 

LD Lipid, Fat One of a class of compounds which contain long-chain

aliphatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives; includes waxes,

fats, and derived compounds. 

LE Leaf /Needle

LEI Leaf Index

LEN Lens

LEO Leaf, Old

LEU Leukocytes Also known as white blood cells. White corpuscles in the

blood. They are spherical, colorless and nucleated masses

involved with host defenses. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

LEY Leaf, Young

LG Leg

LI Liver A large vascular gland in the body of vertebrates consisting of

a continuous parenchymal mass covered by a capsule;

secretes bile, manufactures certain blood proteins and

enzymes, and removes toxins from the systemic circulation. 

LIM Liver microsomes In the hepatocyte, any of the vesicular fragments of

endoplasmic reticulum formed after disruption and

centrifugation of cells. (Gray's)

LIN Large intestine the more terminal division of the vertebrate intestine that is

wider and shorter than the small intestine, typically divided

into cecum, colon, and rectum, and concerned especially with

the resorption of water and the formation of feces 

LIP Lip Either of the two fleshy folds which surround the orifice of the

month. (Websters Dictionary)

LIT Litters Offspring

LM Limb 1) An extremity or appendage used for locomotion or

prehension.

2) A large primary tree branch
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-15

LMP Lymphocyte White cell of the blood that are derived from stem cells of the

lymphoid series. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

LMV Lumbar vertebrae The vertebrae, usually five in number, located in the lumbar

region of the back. Synonym: vertebrae lumbales. 

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

LP Labial Palps 1) Either of a pair of fleshy appendages on either side of the

mouth of certain bivalve mollusks.

2) A jointed appendage attached to the labium of certain

insects.

LU Lungs Either of the paired air-filled sacs which function as organs of

respiration.

LV Left ventricle The muscular chamber of the heart which accepts blood from

the left atrium and ejects it into the aorta to the systemic

circulation.

(http://www.graylab.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?left+ventricle)

LY Lysosome A specialized cell organelle surrounded by a single membrane

and containing a mixture of hydrolytic (digestive) enzymes.

M

MA Mantle An enveloping layer, as the external body wall lining the shell

of many invertebrates, or the external meristematic layers in a

stem apex.

MB Muscle+Bone

MBR Midbrain The part of the brain above the pons and below the thalamus,

it is the uppermost part of the brainstem, and is involved in

basic, unconscious body function. (Gray's)

MC Microsome A fragment of the endoplasmic reticulum. A minute granule of

protoplasm.

ME Meristem (apical or

axillary)

Meristem - Formative plant tissue composed of

undifferentiated cells capable of dividing and giving rise to

other meristemic cells as well as specialized cell types. 

MES Mesentery The membranes, or one of the membranes (consisting of a

fold of the peritoneum and inclosed tissues), which connect

the intestines and their appendages with the dorsal wall of the

abdominal cavity. The mesentery proper is connected with the

jejunum and ileum, the other mesenteries being called

mesoccum, mesocolon, mesorectum, etc.

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-16

MI Midgut and Midgut Gland

The middle portion of the digestive tube in vertebrate embryos. 

MIT Mitochondria Minute cytoplasmic organelles in the form of spherical

granules, short rods, or long filaments found in almost all living

cells.

MK Milk, lactating females

MM Mammary Tissue

MO Mucous A viscid fluid secreted by mucus glands 

MOB Medulla oblongata The lowest subdivision of the brainstem, immediately adjacent

to the spinal cord. Houses important cardiac and respiratory

regulatory centres.

MOM Mother cells, pollen

MR Membrane A thin layer of tissue surrounding a part of the body,

separating adjacent cavities, lining cavities, or connecting

adjacent structures. 

MRC Motor cortex Area of the frontal lobe concerned with primary motor control.

It lies anterior to the central sulcus.

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?motor+cortex)

MS Mesenteric Lymph Node

MSC Mesencephalon The middle segment of the brain; the midbrain.

MT Multiple Tissue/ Organs AQUIRE code. Used when multiple sites are coded for one

record. The individual sites are reported as a REMARK. This

code will be changed to MUL at a later date.

MTC Metacarpus The part of the hand or forefoot that contains the metacarpals.

MTM Mentum The front median plate of the labium in insects 

(cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

MU Muscle A tissue composed of cells containing contractile fibers; three

types are smooth, cardiac, and skeletal.

MUL Multiple Sites

MV Microvilli One of the filiform processes that form a brush border on the

surfaces of certain specialized cells, such as intestinal

epithelium. 

MYC Mycellium Mass of interwoven filamentus hyphae that forms especially

the vegatative portion of the thallus of a fungus.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-17

MYM Myometrium Uterine smooth muscle.(cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

N

NAC Nucleus accumbens The largest neuronal nucleus in the septal region of the

diencephalon in the brain. (Gray's)

NB Nasal Bone Either of two small elongated rectangular bones that together

form the bridge of the nose. 

NC Nerve Cord a hollow tube that runs beneath the dorsal surface of the

animal above the notochord (the principle nerve cord in the

invertebrates, by contrast, is almost always located near the

ventral surface

ND Nodule, root A bulbous enlargement found on roots of legumes and certain

other plants, whose formation is stimulated by symbiotic,

nitrogen-fixing bacteria that colonize the roots. 

NE Nervous Tissue The nerve cells and neuroglia of the nervous system. 

NG Nasal Gland

NK Neck A constricted portion, such as the part connecting the head

and trunk of the body. 

NL Needle A slender-pointed leaf, as of the firs and other evergreens. 

NR Not Reported

NU Nuclei

NVL Navel A mark or depression in the middle of the abdomen; the

umbilicus. (Gray's)

NY Nymph Any of various immature insects; especially : a larva of an

insect with incomplete metamorphosis that differs from the

adult especially in size and in its incompletely developed

wings and genitalia.

O

OC Oocyte An egg before the completion of maturation 

OD Oviduct A tube that serves to conduct ova from the ovary to the

exterior or to an intermediate organ such as the utersu

(Fallopian tube) 

OF Orifice an opening (as a vent, mouth, or hole) through which

something may pass (Webster's)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-18

OG Organ A differentiated structure of an organism composed of various

cells or tissues and adapted for a specific function. 

OL Olfactory Pertaining to olfaction, or the sense of smell.

OPR Operculum

OR Organelle A specialized subcellular structure, such as mitochondrion,

having a special function. 

OS Osphradium in Littorina; an organ capable of sensing chemical changes in

the environment 

OTO Otoliths A calcareous concretion on the end of a sensory hair cell in

the vertebrate ear and in some invertebrates. 

OV Ovaries A glandular organ that produces hormones and give rise to ova

in female vertebrates.

P

PA Palps Any of various sensory, usually fleshy appendages near the

oral aperture of certain invertebrates.

PAN Panicle A branched or compound raceme in which the secondary

branches are often racemose as well.

PB Pseudobranch

PC Pyloric ceca 1) One of the tubular pouches that open into the vertriculus of

an insect.

2) One of the paired tubes having lateral glandular diverticula in

each ray of a starfish.

3) One of the tubular pouches that open from the pyloric end

of the stomach into the alimentary canal of most fishes. 

PD Pod

PE Penis The male organ of copulation in vertebrates. Also known as

phallus. 

PEP Pecten epipharyngis

PES Petiole and Stem Both the a slender stem that supports the blade of a foliage

leaf and the main trunk of a plant or a primary plant axis that

develops buds and shoots instead of roots

PF Pseudofeces
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-19

PG Prostate Gland A gland in the male which surrounds the neck of the bladder

and the urethra. The prostrate contributes to the seminal fluid. 

PGL Preening gland A relatively large, compact bilobed secretory organ located at

the base of the tail (uropygium) of most birds having a keeled

sternum. Also known as oil gland or uropygial gland.

(McGraw-Hill)

PHG Pheromone gland A gland that secretes a chemical stimulant/attractant that is 

released into the surrounding environment, either air or water. 

PHL Phalanges The finger bones (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgibin/omd?phalanges)

PI Pituitary Gland (hypophysis) An epithelial body located at the base of the

brain. Consists of two lobes. Secretes hormones. 

PL Plasma The fluid portion of blood or lymph. 

PLA Platelet A discoid cell (3m diameter) found in large numbers in blood,

important for blood coagulation and for haemostasis by

repairing breaches (small breaks) in the walls of blood

vessels. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

PLC Placenta 1) A vascular organ that unites the fetus to the wall of the

uterus.

2) A plant surface bearing a sporangium.

PLL Pellicle The outer membrane of protozoans. 

PLN Popiteal nodes Two groups of nodes located in the popliteal fossa: the

superficial popliteal lymph nodes, located around the

termination of the small saphenous vein, that drain the skin of

the back of the leg and lateral side of the foot; and the deep

popliteal lymph nodes, located around the popliteal vessels,

that drain the superficial group, the deep structures of the leg,

and the knee joint. Also, Popiteal lymph node, nodi lymphatic

popliteales

PLP Pulp the soft, succulent part of a fruit usually composed of

mesocarp (MW)

PLT Palate The roof of the mouth. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-20

PLV Pelvis The pelvis is a basin shaped cavity bordered by the pelvic

girdle and sacrum, containing and protecting the bladder,

rectum and reproductive organs.(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

PM Pons + Medulla A rounded eminence off the ventral surface of the brainstem

(pons) and the lowest subdivision of the brainstem,

immediately adjacent to the spinal cord (medulla). (Gray's)

PO Pollen, pollen grain

PPG Preputial gland A small scent gland in the human male which secretes the

smegma. Also known as Tyson’s gland.

(McGraw-Hill)

PR Proventriculus 1) A sac anterior to the gizzard in earthworms.

2) The true stomach of a bird, usually separated from the

gizzard by a constriction. 

PRF Particulate fraction

PRG Progeny Offspring, descendants

PRT Peritoneum also peritoneum. The smooth serous membrane which lines

the cavity of the abdomen, or the whole body cavity when

there is no diaphragm, and, turning back, surrounds the

viscera, forming a closed, or nearly closed sac (Grey on-line

medical Dictionary)

PS Pancreas A composite gland in most vertebrates that produces and

secretes digestive enzymes, as well as at least two

hormones, insulin and glucagon.

POS Pod + Seed

PT Petioles The stem which supports the blade of a leaf. 

PTB Parietal Bone The side bone of the skull. 

PTG Parotid gland A salivary gland situated in front of and below the ear.

(Gray's)

PTU Plant, Unspecified

PU Pollen tube The tube produced by the wall of a pollen grain which enters

the embryo sac and provides a passage through which the

male nuclei reach the female nuclei. 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-21

PX Pharynx A chamber at the oral end of the vertebrate alimentary canal,

leading to the esophagus. 

R

RA Radius One of two bones which constitute the forearm. The largest

portion of the radius is at the wrist joint where it articulates

with the carpal bones of the hand. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

RAC Rachis Elongated axis of an inflorescence.

RAD Radius, distal One of two bones which constitute the forearm situated away

from the point of attachment or origin. The largest portion of

the radius is at the wrist joint where it articulates with the

carpal bones of the hand. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

RB Rib One of the curved bones attached to the vertebral column and

supporting the lateral walls of the thorax.

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

RBC Erythrocytes A type of blood cell that contains a nucleus in all vertebrates

but humans and that has hemoglobin in the cytoplasm also

known as red blood cell or corpuscle.

RC Rectum The portion of the large intestine between the sigmoid flexure

and the anus.

RD Radicle

RG Rectal gland In Sharks: rectal gland is a highly specialized organ whose

only function is to pump salt

RH Rhizome An underground horizontal stem, often thickened and tubershaped, and processing buds, nodes, and scale-like leaves. 

RL Root, Lateral

RLP Root, Primary lateral

RLS Root, Secondary lateral

RM Retractor Muscle A muscle that draws a limb or other body part toward the

body.

RO Root The absorbing and anchoring organ of a vascular plant; it

bears neither leaves nor flowers and is usually subterranean.

ROC Root Cortex

ROE Root, epidermis
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-22

ROI Root, Inner cortex

ROO Root, Outer cortex

ROS Root, Stele The arrangement of vascular bundles in roots

RP Root, Primary

RPP Renal papilla The apex of a renal pyramid that projects into a minor calyx;

some 10 to 25 openings of papillary ducts occur on its tip,

forming the area cribrosa. (Gray's)

RR Residual, Remnant,

Carcass

RS Root + Stem

RT Reproductive Tissue

RTC Root tip cells

RTP Root tips Terminal end of a root.

RU Radius-Ulna

RZ Root + Rhizome

S

SA Salt Gland A compound tubular gland, located around the eyes and nasal

passages in certain marine turtles, snakes, and birds, which

copiously secretes a watery fluid containing a high percentage

of salt.

SAP Sap The fluid part of a plant; specifically: a watery solution that

circulates through

SB Shell, Membrane

SB2 Stem/Stalk, Lower Half

SC Scale 1) A flat calcified or cornified platelike structure on the skin of

most fishes and of some tetrapods.

2) The bract of a catkin.

SCM Scrotum the external pouch that in most mammals contains the testes

(Webster's)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-23

SCP Scapula A large, flat, triangular bone that forms the posterior portion of

the shoulder. It articulates with the clavicle (at the acromion

process) and the humerus (at the glenoid). 

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

SCV Sacral vertebrae The segments of the vertebral column, usually five in number,

that fuse to form the sacrum. Synonym: vertebrae sacrales. 

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

SD Seed A fertilized ovule containing an embryo which forms a new

plant upon germination.

SDL Seedling A plant grown from a seed.

SDM Subdermis area below the skin

SE Sensory Organs

SEM Semen a viscid whitish fluid of the male reproductive tract consisting

of spermatozoa suspended in secretions of accessory glands

SG Shell Gland 1) An organ that secretes the embryonic shell in many

mollusks.

2) A specialized structure attached to the oviduct in certain

animals that secretes the egg-shell material.

SH Stomach The tubular of saccular organ of the vertebrate digestive

system located between the esophagus and the intestine and

adapted for temporary food storage and for the preliminary

stages of food breakdown.

SHF Stomach or rumen fluid Fluid found in the stomach or rumen

SI Siphon 1) A tubular element in various algae.

2) A tubular structure for intake or output of water in bivalves

and other mollusks.

3) The sucking-type of proboscis in many arthropods. 

SIN Small intestine the part of the intestine that lies between the stomach and

colon, consists of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, secretes

digestive enzymes, and is the chief site of the absorption of

digested nutrients 

SINM Small intestine mucosa A mucous membrane or tunica mucosa of the small intestine

(Gray's)

SINS Small intestine serosa One of the delicate membranes of connective tissue which line

the internal cavities of the small intestine. (Grays)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-24

SK Skin, Epidermis The external covering of the vertebrate body, consisting of two

layers,

the outer epidermis and the inner dermis. 

SKL Skull The bones and cartilages of the vertebrate head which forms

the cranium and the face.

SKM Skeletal Muscle the striated muscle of vertebrates that is under voluntary

control (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgibin/omd?skeletal+muscle)

SL Shell, Eggshell The hard covering of an egg.

SLK Silk The silky styles on an ear of corn.

SLV Stem to Leaves

SM Sperm A mature male germ cell. (Spermatozoa) 

SMT Spermatheca A sac in the female for receiving and storing sperm in

fertilization; found in many invertebrates and certain

vertebrates. (Seminal receptacle)

SN Skeleton The hard framework of the animal body, especially the boney

framework of the body of higher vertebrate animals. 

SO Shoot The aerial portion of a plant, including stem, branches, and

leaves. A new, immature growth on a plant. 

SP Spleen A blood-forming lymphoid organ of the circulatory system,

present in most vertebrates. (McGraw-Hill)

SPB Sphenoid bone an irregularly shaped bone in front of the occipital in the base

of the skull of the higher vertebrates. It is composed of several

foetal bones which become united the adult. (Gray's)

SPI Spine, Backbone An articulated series of vertebrae forming the axial skeleton of

the trunk and the tail. Spinal column, vertebral column 

SPK Spikelet The compound inflorescence of a grass consisting of one or

several bracteate spikes. 

SPR Sporophyte An individual of the spore-bearing generation in plats exhibiting

alteration of

SPT Spermatid The haploid product of the second meiotic division in

spermatogenesis. Differentiate into mature spermatozoa.

(Gray's)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-25

SQ Shell (Aquatic) A hard calcareous, outer covering on an animal body, as of

bivalves and turtles.

SR Serum The liquid portion that remains when blood clots

spontaneously and the formed and clotting elements are

removed by centrifugation; it differs from plasma by the

absence of fibrinogen. 

SRB Strobilus (mega-, micro-,

etc.)

1) Conelike structure made up of sporophyllus or sporebearing leaves.

2) The cone membranes of the Pinophyta

SRC Secretory Cell A cell that secretes a fluid.

SS Stem/Stalk The organ of vascular plant that usually develops branches

and bears leaves and flowers. 

SSC Somatosensory center Area of the brain that detects sensation relating to the body's

superficial and deep parts

SSP Stem plus Petioles The stem and stock of the leaf that is attached to the stem.

ST Soft Tissue

STA Setae A slender, usually rigid bristle or hair. Also known as chaeta. 

STB Seminiferous tubules Any of the tubercles of the testes which produce

spermatozoa. (McGraw-Hill)

STE Sternum or sternebrae a compound ventral bone or cartilage of most vertebrates other

than fishes that connects the ribs or the shoulder girdle or

both and in humans consists of the manubrium, gladiolus, and

xiphoid process -- called also breastbone (Wbester's)

STG Straw and grain

STH Straw and husk

STL Stolon Horizontal branch from the base of a plant that produces new

plants from buds at its tip or nodes.

STM Striatum The corpus striatum, a part of the brain (Websters Dictionary)

STR Straw

STV Stover mature cured

stalks of grain with the

ears removed that are used

as feed for livestock (MW

online)]
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-26

SU Stalk/Stem, Upper Half

SV Seminal Vesicle A saclike, glandular diverticulum on each ductus deferens in

male vertebrates; it is united with the excretory duct and

serves for temporary storage of semen. 

SVG Salivary gland Any of the saliva-secreting exocrine glands of the oral cavity.

(Gray's)

SWB Swim Bladder A gas-filled cavity found in the body cavities of most bony

fishes; has various functions in different fishes, acting as a

float, a lung, a hearing aid, and a sound producing organ. 

SX Submaxillary Gland (Submandibular gland) A large seromucous or mixed salivary

gland located below the mandible on each side of the jaw. 

T

TA Tail 1) The caudal fin of a fish or aquatic mammal.

2) The usually slender appendage that arises immediately

above the anus in many vertebrates and contains the caudal

vertebrae.

TB Tibia The larger of the two leg bones, articulating with the femur,

fibula, and talus 

TBC Tubercules A small knoblike prominence.

TCH Trachea The windpipe. A fibrocartilaginous tube lined with mucous

membrane passing from the larynx to the bronchi.

(http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

TEL Testicle, left The testicle located on the left side of the body

TER Testicle, right The testicle located on the right side of the body

TCV Thoracic vertebrae The segments of the vertebral column, usually twelve, which

articulate with ribs to form part of the thoracic cage. Synonym:

vertebrae thoracicae. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

TD Transudate A fluid that passes through the pores or interstices of a

membrane.

TE Testes The male reproductive glands in vertebrates; after sexual

maturity, the source of sperm and hormones

TF Tuber Flesh Tuber = The enlarged end of a rhizome in which food

accumulates, as is the potato.

TG Thigh muscle Thigh - The upper part of the leg, from the pelvis to the knee.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-27

TH Thorax 1) The chest; the cavity of the mammalian body between the

neck and the diaphragm, containing the heart, lungs, and

mediastinal structures.

2) The middle of three principal divisions of the body of certain

classes of arthropods. 

TI Tissue An aggregation of cells more or less similar morphologically

and functionally.

TIL Tillers A shoot that develops from an axillary or adventitious bud at

the base of a stem.

TK Trunk the main stem of a tree apart from limbs and roots or the

human or animal body apart from the head and appendages

(Webster's)

TLE Trifoliolate Leaf/Leaves A leaf consisting of three leaflets.

TLI Thalli Thallus = A plant body that is not differentiated into special

tissue systems or organs and may vary from a single cell to a

complex, branching multicellular structure.

TLM Thalamus Either of two large ovoid masses, consisting chiefly of gray

substance, situated one on each side of and forming part of

the lateral wall of the third ventricle. (Grey's on-line dictionary)

TLN Telencephalon the anterior subdivision of the embryonic forebrain or the

corresponding part of the adult forebrain that includes the

cerebral hemispheres and associated structures (Webster's)

TLS Talus the human tarsal bone that bears the weight of the body and

that together with the tibia and fibula forms the ankle joint

(Webster's)

TM Tarsus-Metatarsus

TMR Tumor An abnormal mass of tissue that results from excessive cell

division that is uncontrolled and progressive, also called a

neoplasm. Tumours perform no useful body function. They

may be either benign (not cancerous) or malignant.

TN Tentacles Any of various elongate, flexible processes with tactile,

prehensile, and sometimes other functions, and which are

borne on the head or about the mouth of many animals. 

TO Tongue A muscular organ located on the floor of the mouth of most

vertebrates which may serve various functions, such as taking

and swallowing food or tasting or as a tactile organ or

sometimes as a prehensile organ.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-28

TOP Tops (Plant)

TOR Torso Portion of the body excluding the head and limbs; trunk

TP Tuber Peeling

TR Tarsus The instep of the foot consisting of the calcaneus, talus,

cuboid, navicular, medial, intermediate, and lateral cuneiform

bones.

TRD Tear duct also known as harderian or lachrymal gland, a gland on the

inner side of the orbit of many animals which have a third

eyelid, or nictitating membrane. (cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

TS Thymus A lymphoid organ in the neck or upper thorax of all

vertebrates; it is prominent in early life and is essential for

normal development of the circulating pool of lymphocytes. 

TSC Thymus cortex The outer layer of an organ or other body structure, as

distinguished from the internal substance, in this case of the

Thymus. (Grays)

TSL Tassel The terminal male inflorescence of some plants and especially

corn.

TSM Thymus medulla The inner portion of an organ, in this case of the thymus.

(Grays)

TT Tibiotarsus Pertaining to the tibia and the tarsus.

Tibia - shin bone

Tarsus - The seven bones constituting the articulation between

the foot and the leg.

TTH Tooth, teeth One of the bony structures supported by the jaws in mammals

and by other bones in the mouth and pharynx in lower

vertebrates serving principally for prehension and mastication.

TU Tuber Tuber = The enlarged end of a rhizome in which food

accumulates, as is the potato.

TY Thyroid An endocrine gland found in all vertebrates that produces,

stores, and secretes the thyroid hormones. 

U

UB Urinary Bladder A hollow organ which serves as a reservoir for urine. 

UG Uropygial Gland A relatively large, compact, bilobed, secretory organ located

at the base of the tail of most birds having a keeled sternum. 

Also known as oil gland.
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-29

UL Ulna One of the bones that comprise the forearm. The largest

aspect articulates with the humerus at the elbow joint and the

smallest portion of the ulna articulates with the carpal bones

in the wrist. (http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk)

ULE Unifoliate (Primary)

Leaf/Leaves

A single leaf.

UNT Urinary tract

UP Urogenital papillae Urogenital = pertaining to the urinary and genital apparatus.

Papillae = A small nipple-like projection, elevation, or

structure.

UR Urine The fluid excreted by the kidneys

URT Ureter The tube passing from each kidney to the bladder for the

conveyance of urine. Its average length is 25 to 30

centimeters. (Gray's)

UT Uterus The organ of gestation in mammals which receives and retains

the fertilized ovum, holds the fetus during development, and

becomes the principal agent of its explusion at term. 

V

VA Vagina The canal from the vulvar opening to the cervix uteri.

(McGraw-Hill)

VAS Vasculature

VC Visual center Area of the brain that detects visual stimulus

VCL Vacuole a small cavity or space in the tissue of an organism containing

air or fluid (Webster's)

VD Vas Deferens The portion of the excretory duct system of the testis which

runs from the epididymal duct to the ejaculatory duct. 

VE Vertebra One of the bones that make up the spine in vertebrates. 

VG Vegetative portion WO - SD or FR

VI Viscera The organs within the cavities of the body of an organism 

VL Villi villus = A fingerlike projection from the surface of a membrane. 

VN Vines A plant whose stem requires support and which climbs by

tendrils or twining or creeps along the ground; also : the stem

of such a plant 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

CODE Site Name Site Definition/Notes

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 U-30

VNT Ventricle A chamber of the heart which receives blood from a

corresponding atrium and from which blood is forced into the

arteries (Webster's)

W

WI Wings Any of the paired appendages serving organs of flight on many

animals

WL Wall, Body

WM White matter Brain tissue composed of myelin-coated nerve cell fibers.

WO Whole Organism

Y

YO Yolk The yellow spherical mass of food material that makes up the

central portion of the egg of a bird or reptile.

YS Yolk sac a membranous sac that is attached to an embryo and

encloses food yolk, that is continuous in most forms through

the yolk stalk with the intestinal cavity of the embryo, that

being abundantly supplied with blood vessels is throughout

embryonic life and in some forms later the chief organ of

nutrition, and that in placental mammals is nearly vestigial and

functions chiefly prior to the elaboration of the placenta

(Webster's)

Z

ZP Zona pellucida Pellucid zone: a thick, transparent, noncellular layer or

envelope of uniform thickness surrounding an oocyte; also

called oolemma. Under a microscope it appears radially

striated and is therefore also called zona radiata, zona striata

or striated membrane
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 V-1

Appendix V. Common Keywords for Other Effects Text Field (AQUIRE only)

age efcts

Alkalinity efcts

Bacteria

Conductivity efcts

Critical Level

Diet Study

Depuration

D.O. efcts

Effluent

Elimination

fate

Field Study

Food Chain Study

Genotoxicity threshold

Hardness efcts

Humic Acid

Hypoxia efcts

Ind Taxon Result 

in vitro

Kinetics

Lethal Body Burden

log LC50

Metabolism

metabolites

Microtox

Mixture

nutrient study

Oil 

Org_C efcts

pH efcts

Pre-Exposure Study

QSAR

Radiolabel

Recovery

Safe Conc (Safe Concentration)

Salinity efcts

Sediment

Sex efcts

Size efcts

Temperature efcts

Toxicity Symptoms

Transport

Uptake
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 W-1

Appendix W. Water Chemistry Units (AQUIRE only)

Code Definition

% percent

% Sat Percent saturation

C Celsius

kDa kilo Daltons

F Fahrenheit

K Kelvin

N Normal

NR Not reported

PSU practical salinity units

cm centimeters

dH degrees German hardness

ft feet

g CaCO3 grams Calcium carbonate

g/kg grams per kilograms

g/L grams per liter

HCO3 Hydrogen carbonate

in inches

m meters

M NaCl Molar Sodium Chloride

mM millimolar

mS milli Siemens

mS/m milli Siemens per meter

mg/dm3 milligram per cubic decimeter

meq milli equivalents

meq/L milli equivalents per liter

mg/L milligrams per liter

mg/L C milligrams per liter Carbon

mg/L CaCO3 milligrams / liter Calcium

carbonate

mg/L EDTA milligrams per liter EDTA

mg/L FA milligrams per liter fulvic acid

mg/L HA milligrams per liter Humic acid

mg/L MO milligrams per liter Methyl

Orange

ml/L milliter per liter

ml N/100 HCl milliliter Nitrogen per 100

Hydrochloric acid

mm millimeters

mm Hg millimeters Mercury

mmhos milli ohms

mmhos/cm milliohms per centimeter

mmol/l millimoles per liter

mOsm milliosmoles

mS/cm milli Siemens per centimeter

mV millivolts

ohms ohms

ohm/cm ohm per centimeter

ppm parts per million

ppm CaCO3 parts per million CaCO3

Code Definition

ppm MO parts per million Methyl

Orange

ppt parts per thousand

pptr parts per trillion

S Siemens

ug/L micrograms per liter

uS micro Siemens

uS/cm microSiemens per centimeter

ueq/L micro equivalents per liter

uM micromolar

umhos micro ohms

umhos/cm micro ohms per centimeter

umol/L micromoles per liter
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 X-1

Appendix X. Habitat Codes and Common Descriptors (AQUIRE only)

Code Habitat Definition Descriptors

E Estuarine “deepwater tidal habitats... with sporadic

access to open ocean...ocean water... is

diluted by freshwater...”; Salinity range

between 0.5-30ppt

Bay

Marsh, brackish,

salt, tidal

Estuary

Swamp

L Lacustrine “permanently flooded lakes and reservoirs,

intermittent lakes and tidal lakes with salinity

<= 0.5ppt”; total area exceeds 8 ha (8 acres)

and 2 m water depth.

Bay

Cove

Impoundment

Lake

M Marine “open ocean overlying the continental shelf

and it associated.... coastline; includes

shallow coastal indentations or bays; salinity

[typically] exceed ppt”

Bay

Gulf

Open Ocean

Reef

Seaweed bed

P Palustrine “small, shallow, permanent or intermittent

fresh water bodies”; total area <= 8 ha (20

acres) and <=2m water depth

Bog

Fen

Marsh

Rice fields

Swamp

Wetland

R Riverine “a channel, an open conduit either naturally

or artificially created which periodically or

continuously contains moving water or which

forms a connecting link between two bodies

of standing water” salinity <= 0.5ppt

Creek

River

Stream

Tidal River

Tributary

NR Not Reported
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 Y-1

Appendix Y. Substrate Codes (AQUIRE only)

Code Definition

CL Clay

GR Gravel

M Mineral

MX Mixed substrate

MU Mud

NR Not Reported

O Organic

SA Sand

SI Silt
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 Z-1

Appendix Z. Depth Units

Code Definition

NR Not reported

cm Centimeters

ft Feet

in Inches

m Meters

mm Millimeters
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 AA-1

Appendix AA. Field Location Abbreviations (AQUIRE only)

Aqu Aquatic

Agric Agricultural

Co County

Cr Creek

Dev Development

Dis District

E

3 East

Env Environmental

Exp Experimental

Fish Fisheries

Inst Institute

Isl Island

L Lake

Lab Laboratory

Natl National

N

4 North

NE* Northeast

NW* Northwest

MT Mountain

R River

Res Research

Resvr Reservoir

S* South

SE* Southeast

SW Southwest

St Saint

Sta Station

USFWS United States Fish and Wildlife

Univ University

W* West

*Do not abbreviate directional information that is part of the proper name of a location (e.g. 

South L or Northwest Territory)
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-1

Appendix BB. Geographic Text (AQUIRE only)

 AF AFGHANISTAN

 AF01 Badakhshan

 AF02 Badghis

 AF03 Baghlan

 AF30 Balkh

 AF05 Bamian

 AF06 Farah

 AF07 Faryab

 AF08 Ghazni

 AF09 Ghowr

 AF10 Helmand

 AF11 Herat

 AF31 Jowzjan

 AF13 Kabol

 AF23 Kandahar

 AF13 Kapisa

 AF15 Konar

 AF24 Kondoz

 AF16 Laghman

 AF17 Lowgar

 AF18 Nangarhar

 AF19 Nimruz

 AF20 Oruzgan

 AF21 Paktia

 AF22 Paktika

 AF22 Parvan

 AF32 Samangan

 AF33 Sar-e Pol

 AF26 Takhar

 AF27 Vardak

 AF28 Zabol

 AL ALBANIA

 AL01 Berat

 AL02 Dibre

 AL03 Durres

 AL04 Elbasan

 AL05 Fier

 AL06 Gjirokaster

 AL07 Gramsh

 AL08 Kolonje

 AL09 Korce

 AL10 Kruje

 AL11 Kukes

 AL12 Lezhe

 AL13 Librazhd

 AL14 Lushnje

 AL15 Mat

 AL16 Mirdite

 AL17 Permet

 AL18 Pogradec

 AL19 Puke

 AL20 Sarande

 AL21 Shkoder

 AL22 Skrapar

 AL23 Tepelene

 AL28 Tirane

 AL26 Tropoje

 AL27 Vlore

 

 AG ALGERIA

 AG34 Adrar

 AG35 Ain Defla

 AG36 Ain Temouchent

 AG01 Alger

 AG37 Annaba

 AG03 Batna

 AQ38 Bechar

 AG18 Bejaia

 AG19 Biskra

 AG20 Blida

 AG39 Bordj Bou Arreridj

 AG21 Bouira

 AG40 Boumerdes

 AG41 Chlef

 AG04 Constantine

 AG22 Djelfa

 AG42 El Bayadh

 AG43 El Oued

 AG44 El Tarf

 AG45 Ghardaia

 AG23 Guelma

 AG46 Illizi

 AG24 Jijel

 AG47 Khenchela

 AG25 Laghouat

 AG26 Mascara

 AG06 Medea

 AG48 Mila

 AG07 Mostaganem

 AG27 M'sila

 AG49 Naama

 AG09 Oran

 AG50 Ouargla

 AG29 Oum el Bouaghi

 AG51 Relizane

 AG10 Saida

 AG12 Setif

 AG30 Sidi Bel Abbes

 AG31 Skikda

 AG52 Souk Ahras

 AG53 Tamanghasset

 AG33 Tebessa

 AG13 Tiaret

 AG54 Tindouf

 AG55 Tipaza

 AG56 Tissemsilt

 AG14 Tizi Ouzou

 AG15 Tlemcen

 

AQ AMERICAN SAMOA

 AN ANDORRA

 AN01 Andorra

 AN02 Canillo

 AN03 Encamp

 AN04 La Massana

 AN05 Ordino

 An06 Sant Julia de Loria

 AO ANGOLA

 AO19 Bengo

 AO01 Benguela

 AO02 Bie

 AO03 Cabinda

 AO04 Cuando Cubango

 AO05 Cuanza Norte

 AO06 Cuanza Sul

 AO07 Cunene

 AO08 Huambo

 AO09 Huila

 AO20 Luanda

 AO17 Lunda Norte

 AO18 Lunda Sul

 AO12 Malanje

 AO14 Moxico

 AO15 Uige

 AO16 Zaire

 

 AV ANGUILLA
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-2

 AY ANTARCTICA

 AC ANTIGUA AND

BARBUDA

 AC01 Barbuda

 AC03 Saint George

 AC04 Saint John

 AC05 Saint Mary

 AC06 Saint Paul

AC07 Saint Peter

AC08 Saint Philip

 

 AR ARGENTINA

 AC01 Buenos Aires

 AC02 Catamarca

 AR03 Chaco

 AR04 Chubut

 AR05 Cordoba

 AR06 Corrientes

 AR07 Distrito Federal

 AR08 Entre Rios

 AR09 Formosa

 AR10 Jujuy

 AR11 La Pampa

 AR12 La Rioja

 AR13 Mendoza

 AR14 Misiones

 AR15 Neuquen

 AR16 Rio Negro

 AR17 Salta

 AR18 San Juan

 AR19 San Luis

 AR20 Santa Cruz

 AR21 Santa Fe

 AR22 Santiago del Estero

 AR23 Tierra del Fuego,

Antartidae Islas del 

 Atlantico Sur

 AR24 Tucuman

 AM ARMENIA 

 AA ARUBA

 AT ASHMORE AND

CARTIER ISLANDS

* AS AUSTRALIA

 AS01 Australian Capital

Territory

 AS02 New South Wales

 AS03 Northern Territory

 AS04 Queensland

 AS05 South Australia

 AS06 Tasmania

 AS07 Victoria

 AS08 Western Australia

 

AU AUSTRIA

 AU01 Burgenland

 AU02 Karnten

 AU03 Niederosterreich

 AU04 Oberosterreich

 AU05 Salzburg

 AU06 Steiermark

 AU07 Tirol

 AU08 Vorarlberg

 AU09 Wien

 

 AJ AZERBAIJAN

 BF BAHAMAS, THE

 BF24 Acklins and Crooked

Islands

 BF05 Bimini

 BF06 Cat Island

 BF10 Exuma

 BF25 Freeport

 BF26 Fresh Creek

 BF27 Governor's Harbour

 BF28 Green Turtle Cay

 BF22 Harbour Island

 BF29 High Rock

 BG13 Inagua

 BF30 Kemps Bay

 BF15 Long Island

 BF31 Marsh Harbour

 BF16 Mayaguana

 BF23 New Providence

 BF32 Nichollstown and Berry

Islands

 BF18 Ragged Island

 BF33 Rock Sound

 BF34 Sandy Point

 BF35 San Salvador and Rum

Cay

 BA BAHRAIN

BA01 Al Hadd

BA02 Al Manamah

BA08 Al Mintaqah al

Gharbiyah

BA11 Al Mintaqah al Wusta

BA10 Al Mintaqah ash

Shamaliyah

BA03 Al Muharraq

BA13 Ar Rifa` wa al Mintaqah

al Janubiyah

BA05 Jidd Hafs

BA14 Madinat Hamad

BA12 Madinat `Isa

BA09 Mintaqat Juzur Hawar

BA06 Sitrah

FQ BAKER ISLAND

BG BANGLADESH

BG22 Bagerhat

BG04 Bandarban

BG25 Barguna

BG01 Barisal

BG23 Bhola

BG24 Bogra

BG26 Brahmanbaria

BG27 Chandpur
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-3

BG28 Chapai Nawabganj

BG29 Chattagram

BG30 Chuadanga

BG05 Comilla

BG31 Cox's Bazar

BG32 Dhaka

BG33 Dinajpur

BG34 Faridpur

BG35 Feni

BG36 Gaibandha

BG37 Gazipur

BG38 Gopalganj

BG39 Habiganj

BG40 Jaipurhat

BG41 Jamalpur

BG42 Jessore

BG43 Jhalakati

BG44 Jhenaidah

BG45 Khagrachari

BG46 Khulna

BG47 Kishorganj

BG48 Kurigram

BG49 Kushtia

BG50 Laksmipur

BG51 Lalmonirhat

BG52 Madaripur

BG53 Magura

BG54 Manikganj

BG55 Meherpur

BG56 Moulavibazar

BG57 Munshiganj

BG12 Mymensingh

BG58 Naogaon

BG59 Narail

BG60 Narayanganj

BG61 Narsingdi

BG62 Nator

BG63 Netrakona

BG64 Nilphamari

BG13 Noakhali

BG65 Pabna

BG66 Panchagar

 BG67 Parbattya Chattagram

 BG15 Patuakhali

 BG68 Pirojpur

 BG69 Rajbari

 BG70 Rajshahi

 BG71 Rangpur

 BG72 Satkhira

 BG73 Shariyatpur

 BG74 Sherpur

 BG75 Sirajganj

 BG76 Sunamganj

 BG77 Sylhet

 BG78 Tangail

 BG79 Thakurgaon

 BB BARBADOS

 BB01 Christ Church

 BB02 Saint Andrew

 BB03 Saint George

 BB04 Saint James

 BB05 Saint John

 BB06 Saint Joseph

 BB07 Saint Lucy

 BB08 Saint Michael

 BB09 Saint Peter

 BB10 Saint Philip

 BB11 Saint Thomas

 

 BS BASSAS DA INDIA

 BO BELARUS

 BE BELGIUM

 BE01 Antwerpen

 BE02 Brabant

 BE03 Hainaut

 BE04 Liege

 BE05 Limburg

 BE06 Luxembourg

 BE07 Namur

 BE08 Oost-Vlaanderen

 BE09 West-Vlaanderen

 BH BELIZE

 BH01 Belize

 BH02 Cayo

 BH03 Corozal

 BH04 Orange Walk

 BH05 Stann Creek

 BH06 Toledo

 BN BENIN

 BN01 Atakora

 BN02 Atlantique

 BN03 Borgou

 BN04 Mono

 BN05 Oueme

 BN06 Zou

 BD BERMUDA

 BD01 Devonshire

 BD03 Hamilton

 BD03 Hamilton

 BD04 Paget

 BD05 Pembroke

 BD06 Saint George

 BD07 Saint George's

 BD08 Sandys

 BD09 Smiths

 BD10 Southampton

 BD11 Warwick

 

 BT BHUTAN

 BT05 Bumthang

 BT06 Chhukha

 BT07 Chirang

 BT08 Daga

 BT09 Geylegphug

 BT10 Ha

 BT11 Lhuntshi

 BT12 Mongar

 BT13 Paro

 BT14 Pemagatsel

 BT15 Punakha

 BT16 Samchi

 BT17 Samdrup

 BT18 Shemgang

 BT19 Tashigang

 BT20 Thimphu

 BT21 Tongsa

 BT22 Wangdi Phodrang

 

 BL BOLIVIA

 BL01 Chuquisaca

 BL02 Cochabamba

 BL03 El Beni

 BL04 La Paz

 BL05 Oruro

 BL06 Pando

 BL07 Potosi

 BL08 Santa Cruz

 BL09 Tarija

 BK BOSNIA AND

HERZEGOVINA
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-4

* BC BOTSWANA

 BC01 Central

 BC02 Chobe

 BC03 Ghanzi

 BC04 Kgalagadi

 BC05 Kgatleng

 BC06 Kweneng

 BC07 Ngamiland

 BC08 North-East

 BC09 South-East

 BC10 Southern

 BV BOUVET ISLAND 

* BR BRAZIL

 BR01 Acre

 BR02 Alagoas

 BR03 Amapa

 BR04 Amazonas

 BR05 Bahia

 BR06 Ceara

 BR07 Distrito Federal

 BR08 Espirito Santo

 BR29 Goias

 BR13 Maranhao

 BR14 Mato Grosso

 BR11 Mato Grosso do Sul

 BR15 Minas Gerais

 BR16 Para

 BR17 Paraiba

 BR18 Parana

 BR30 Pernambuco

 BR20 Piaui

 BR21 Rio de Janeiro

 BR22 Rio Grande do Norte

 BR23 Rio Grande do Sul

 BR24 Rondonia

 BR25 Roraima

 BR26 Santa Catarina

 BR27 Sao Paulo

 BR28 Sergipe

 BR31 Tocantins

 IO BRITISH INDIAN OCEAN

TERRITORY

 VI BRITISH VIRGIN

ISLANDS

 BX BRUNEI

 BX01 Belait

 BX02 Brunei and Muara

 BX03 Temburong

 BX04 Tutong

 BU BULGARIA

 BU29 Burgas

 BU30 Grad Sofiya

 BU31 Khaskovo

 BU32 Lovech

 BU33 Mikhaylovgrad

 BU34 Plovdiv

 BU35 Razgrad

 BU36 Sofiya

 BU37 Varna

* UV BURKINA

 UV15 Bam

 UV16 Bazega

 UV17 Bougouriba

 UV18 Boulgou

 UV19 Boulkiemde

 UV20 Ganzourgou

 UV21 Gnagna

 UV22 Gourma

 UV23 Houet

 UV24 Kadiogo

 UV25 Kenedougou

 UV26 Komoe

 UV27 Kossi

 UV28 Kouritenga

 UV29 Mouhoun

 UV30 Namentenga

 UV31 Naouri

 UV32 Oubritenga

 UV33 Oudalan

 UV34 Passore

 UV35 Poni

 UV36 Sanguie

 UV37 Sanmatenga

 UV38 Seno

 UV39 Sissili

 UV40 Soum

 UV41 Sourou

 UV42 Tapoa

 UV43 Yatenga

 UV44 Zoundweogo

 BM BURMA

 BM02 Chin State

 BM03 Irrawaddy

 BM04 Kachin State

 BM05 Karan State

 BM06 Kayah State

 BM07 Magwe

 BM08 Mandalay

 BM13 Mon State

 BM09 Pegu

 BM01 Rakhine State

 BM14 Rangoon

 BM10 Sagaing

 BM11 Shan State

 BM12 Tenasserim

 BY BURUNDI

 BY09 Bubanza

 BY02 Bujumbura

 BY10 Bururi

 BY11 Cankuzo

 BY12 Cibitoke

 BY13 Gitega

 BY14 Karuzi

 BY15 Kayanza

 BY16 Kirundo

 BY17 Makamba

 BY05 Muramvya

 BY18 Muyinga

 BY19 Ngozi

 BY20 Rutana

 BY21 Ruyigi

 CB CAMBODIA

 CB01 Batdambang

 CB02 Kampong Cham

 CB03 Kampong Chhnang

 CB04 Kampong Spoe

 CB05 Kampong Thum

 CB06 Kampot

 CB07 Kandal

 CB08 Kaoh Kong

 CB09 Kracheh

 CB10 Mondol Kiri

 CB11 Phnum Penh

 CB12 Pouthisat

 CB13 Preah Vihear

 CB14 Prey Veng

 CB15 Rotanokiri

 CB16 Siemreab-Otdar
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-5

Meanchey

 CB17 Stoeng Treng

 CB18 Svay Rieng

 CB19 Takev

* CM CAMEROON

 CM10 Adamaoua

 CM11 Centre

 CM04 Est

 CM12 Extreme-Nord

 CM05 Littoral

 CM13 Nord

 CM07 Nord-Ouest

 CM08 Ouest

 CM14 Sud

 CM09 Sud-Ouest

* CA CANADA

* CA01 Alberta

* CA02 British Columbia

* CA03 Manitoba

* CA04 New Brunswick

* CA05 Newfoundland

* CA06 Northwest Territories

* CA07 Nova Scotia

* CA08 Ontario

* CA09 Prince Edward Island

* CA10 Quebec

* CA11 Saskatchewan

* CA12 Yukon Territory

 CV CAPE VERDE

 CV01 Boa Vista

 CV02 Brava

 CV03 Fogo

 CV04 Maio

 CV05 Paul

 CV06 Praia

 CV07 Ribeira Grande

 CV08 Sal

 CV09 Santa Catarina

 CV10 Sao Nicolau

 CV11 Sao Vicente

 CV12 Tarrafal

 CJ CAYMAN ISLANDS

 CJ01 Creek

 CJ02 Eastern

 CJ03 Midland

 CJ04 South Town

 CJ05 Spot Bay

 CJ06 Stake Bay

 CJ07 West End

 CJ08 Western

 

 CT CENTRAL AFRICAN

REPUBLIC

 CT01 Bamingui-Bangoran

 CT18 Bangui

 CT02 Basse-Kotto

 CT15 Gribingui

 CT03 Haute-Kotto

 CT04 Haute-Sangha

 CT05 Haut-Mbomou

 CT06 Kemo-Gribingui

 CT07 Lobaye

 CT08 Mbomou

 CT09 Nana-Mambere

 CT17 Ombella-Mpoko

 CT11 Ouaka

 CT12 Ouham

 CT13 Ouham-Pende

 CT16 Sangha

 CT14 Vakaga

 

 CD CHAD

 CD01 Batha

 CD02 Biltine

 CD03 Borkou-Ennedi-Tibesti

 CD04 Chari-Baguirmi

 CD05 Guera

 CD06 Kanem

 CD07 Lac

 CD08 Logone Occidental

 CD09 Logone Oriental

 CD10 Mayo-Kebbi

 CD11 Moyen-Chari

 CD12 Ouaddai

 CD13 Salamat

 CD14 Tandjile

 

CI CHILE

 CI02 Aisen del General

Carlos Ibanez del Campo

 CI03 Antofagasta

 CI04 Araucania

 CI05 Atacama

 CI06 Bio-Bio

 CI07 Coquimbo

 CI08 Libertador General

Bernardo O'Higgins

 CI09 Los Lagos

 CI10 Magallanes y de la

Antartica Chilena

 CI11 Maule

 CI12 Region Metropolitana

 CI13 Tarapaca

 Valparaiso

* CH CHINA

 CH01 Anhui

 CH22 Beijing

 CH07 Fujian

 CH15 Gansu

 CH30 Guangdong

 CH16 Guangxi

 CH18 Guizhou

 CH31 Hainan

 CH10 Hebei

 CH08 Heilongjiang

 CH09 Henan

 CH12 Hubei

 CH11 Hunan

 CH04 Jiangsu

 CH03 Jiangxi

 CH05 Jilin

 CH19 Liaoning

 CH20 Nei Mongol

 CH21 Ningxia

 CH06 Qinghai

 CH26 Shaanxi

 CH25 Shandong

 CH23 Shanghai

 CH24 Shanxi

 CH27 Sichuan

 CH28 Tianjin

 CH13 Xinjiang

 CH14 Xizang

 CH29 Yunnan

 CH02 Zhejiang

 KT CHRISTMAS ISLAND

 IP CLIPPERTON ISLAND

 CK COCOS (KEELING)

ISLANDS
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-6

 CO COLOMBIA

 CO01 Amazonas

 CO02 Antioquia

 CO03 Arauca

 CO04 Atlantico

 CO35 Bolivar

 CO36 Boyaca

 CO37 Caldas

 CO08 Caqueta

 CO32 Casanare

 CO09 Cauca

 CO10 Cesar

 CO11 Choco

 CO12 Cordoba

 CO33 Cundinamarca

 CO34 Distrito Especial

 CO15 Guainia

 CO14 Guaviare

 CO16 Huila

 CO17 La Guajira

 CO38 Magdalena

 CO19 Meta

 CO20 Narino

 CO21 Norte de Santander

 CO22 Putumayo

 CO23 Quindio

 CO24 Risaralda

 CO25 San Andres y

Providencia

 CO26 Santander

 CO27 Sucre

 CO28 Tolima

 CO29 Valle del Cauca

 CO30 Vaupes

 CO31 CVichada

 CN COMOROS

 CN01 Anjouan

 CN02 Grande Comore

 CN03 Moheli

 CF CONGO

 CF01 Bouenza

 CF12 Brazzaville

 CF03 Cuvette

 CF04 Kouilou

 CF05 Lekoumou

 CF06 Likouala

 CF07 Niari

 CF08 Plateaux

 CF11 Pool

 CF10 Sangha

 

 CW COOK ISLANDS

 CR CORAL SEA ISLANDS

 

 CS COSTA RICA

 CS01 Alajuela

 CS02 Cartago

 CS03 Guanacaste

 CS04 Heredia

 CS06 Limon

 CS07 Puntarenas

 CS08 San Jose

 IV COTE D'IVOIRE

 IV01 Abengourou

 IV35 Abidjan

 IV04 Aboisso

 IV05 Adzope

 IV06 Agboville

 IV36 Bangolo

 IV37 Beoumi

 IV07 Biankouma

 IV38 Bondoukou

 IV27 Bongouanou

 IV39 Bouafle

 IV40 Bouake

 IV11 Bouna

 IV12 Boundiali

 IV03 Dabakala

 IV41 Daloa

 IV14 Danane

 IV42 Daoukro

 IV43 Dimbokro

 IV16 Divo

 IV44 Duekoue

 IV17 Ferkessedougou

 IV18 Gagnoa

 IV45 Grand-Lahou

 IV46 Guiglo

 IV28 Issia

 IV20 Katiola

 IV21 Korhogo

 IV29 Lakota

 IV47 Man

 IV30 Mankono

 IV48 Mbahiakro

 IV23 Odienne

 IV31 Oume

 IV49 Sakassou

 IV50 San Pedro

 IV51 Sassandra

 IV25 Seguela

 IV52 Sinfra

 IV32 Soubre

 IV53 Tabou

 IV54 Tanda

 IV55 Tiassale

 IV33 Tingrela

 IV26 Touba

 IV56 Toumodi

 IV57 Vavoua

 IV58 Yamoussoukro

 IV34 Zuenoula

 

 HR CROATIA

 CU CUBA

 CU05 Camaguey

 CU07 Ciego de Avila

 CU08 Cienfuegos

 CU02 Ciudad de la Habana

 CU09 Granma

 CU10 Guantanamo

 CU12 Holguin

 CU04 Isla de la Juventud

 CU11 La Habana

 CU13 Las Tunas

 CU03 Matanzas

 CU01 Pinar del Rio

 CU14 Sancti Spiritus

 CU15 Santiago de Cuba

 CU16 Villa Clara

 CY CYPRUS

 CY01 Famagusta

 CY02 Kyrenia

 CY03 Larnaca

 CY05 Limassol

 CY04 Nicosia

 CY06 Paphos

* EZ CZECH REPUBLIC

* DA DENMARK
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-7

 DA01 Arhus

 DA02 Bornholm

 DA03 Frederiksborg

 DA04 Fyn

 DA05 Kobenhavn

 DA07 Nordjylland

 DA08 Ribe

 DA09 Ringkobing

 DA10 Roskilde

 DA11 Sonderjylland

 DA06 Staden Kobenhavn

 DA12 Storstrom

 DA13 Vejle

 DA14 Vestsjalland

 DA15 Viborg

 

 DJ DJIBOUTI

 DJ01 `Ali Sabih

 DJ02 Dikhil

 DJ03 Djibouti

 DJ04 Obock

 DJ05 Tadjoura

 

 DO DOMINICA

 DO02 Saint Andrew

 DO03 Saint David

 DO04 Saint George

 DO05 Saint John

 DO06 Saint Joseph

 DO07 Saint Luke

 DO08 Saint Mark

 DO09 Saint Patrick

 DO10 Saint Paul

 DO11 Saint Peter

 

 DR DOMINICAN REPUBLIC

 DR01 Azua

 DR02 Baoruco

 DR03 Barahona

 DR04 Dajabon

 DR05 Distrito Nacional

 DR06 Duarte

 DR11 Elias Pina

 DR28 El Seibo

 DR08 Espaillat

 DR29 Hato Mayor

 DR09 Independencia

 DR10 La Altagracia

 DR12 La Romana

 DR30 La Vega

 DR14 Maria Trinidad

Sanchez

 DR31 Monsenor Nouel

 DR15 Monte Cristi

 DR32 Monte Plata

 DR16 Pedernales

 DR17 Peravia

 DR18 Puerto Plata

 DR19 Salcedo

 DR20 Samana

 DR21 Sanchez Ramirez

 DR33 San Cristobal

 DR23 San Juan

 DR24 San Pedro De Macoris

 DR25 Santiago

 DR26 Santiago Rodriguez

 DR27 Valverde

 EC ECUADOR

 EC02 Azuay

 EC03 Bolivar

 EC04 Canar

 EC05 Carchi

 EC06 Chimborazo

 EC07 Cotopaxi

 EC08 El Oro

 EC09 Esmeraldas

 EC01 Galapagos

 EC10 Guayas

 EC11 Imbabura

 EC12 Loja

 EC13 Los Rios

 EC14 Manabi

 EC15 Morona-Santiago

 EC21 Napo

 EC17 Pastaza

 EC18 Pichincha

 EC22 Sucumbios

 EC19 Tungurahua

 EC20 Zamora-Chinchipe

* EG EGYPT

 EG01 Ad Daqahliyah

 EG02 Al Bahr al Ahmar

 EG03 Al Buhayrah

 EG04 Al Fayyum

 EG05 Al Gharbiyah

 EG06 Al Iskandariyah

 EG07 Al Isma'iliyah

 EG08 Al Jizah

 EG09 Al Minufiyah

 EG10 Al Minya

 EG11 Al Qahirah

 EG12 Al Qalyubiyah

 EG13 Al Wadi al Jadid

 EG14 Ash Sharqiyah

 EG15 As Suways

 EG16 Aswan

 EG17 Asyut

 EG18 Bani Suwayf

 EG19 Bur Sa'id

 EG20 Dumyat

 EG26 Janub Sina'

 EG21 Kafr ash Shaykh

 EG22 Matruh

 EG23 Qina

 EG27 Shamal Sina'

 EG24 Suhaj

 ES EL SALVADOR

 ES01 Ahuachapan

 ES02 Cabanas

 ES03 Chalatenango

 ES04 Cuscatlan

 ES05 La Libertad

 ES06 La Paz

 ES07 La Union

 ES08 Morazan

 ES09 San Miguel

 ES10 San Salvador

 ES11 Santa Ana

 ES12 San Vicente

 ES13 Sonsonate

 ES14 Usulutan

 

 EK EQUATORIAL GUINEA

 EK03 Annobon

 EK04 Bioko Norte

 EK05 Bioko Sur

 EK06 Centro Sur

 EK07 Kie-Ntem

 EK08 Litoral

 EK09 Wele-Nzas

 ER ERITREA

 EN ESTONIA
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-8

 EN01 Harjumaa

 EN02 Hiiumaa

 EN03 Ida-Virumaa

 EN04 Jarvamaa

 EN05 Jogevamaa

 EN06 Kohtla-Jarve

 EN07 Laanemaa

 EN08 Laane-Virumaa

 EN09 Narva

 EN10 Parnu

 EN11 Parnumaa

 EN12 Polvamaa

 EN13 Raplamaa

 EN14 Saaremaa

 EN15 Sillamae

 EN16 Tallinn

 EN17 Tartu

 EN18 Tartumaa

 EN19 Valgamaa

 EN20 Viljandimaa

 EN21 Vorumaa

 

 ET ETHIOPIA

 ET15 Adis Abeba

 ET01 Arsi

 ET17 Asosa

 ET38 Bale

 ET18 Borena

 ET19 Debub Gonder

 ET20 Debub Shewa

 ET21 Debub Welo

 ET22 Dire Dawa

 ET23 Gambela

 ET39 Gamo Gofa

 ET40 Ilubabor

 ET41 Kefa

 ET24 Metekel

 ET25 Mirab Gojam

 ET26 Mirab Harerge

 ET27 Mirab Shewa

 ET28 Misrak Gojam

 ET29 Misrak Harerge

 ET30 Nazret

 ET31 Ogaden

 ET32 Omo

 ET33 Semen Gonder

 ET34 Semen Shewa

 ET35 Semen Welo

 ET42 Sidamo

 ET37 Tigray

 ET43 Welega

 

EU EUROPA ISLAND
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-9

 FK FALKLAND ISLANDS

(ISLAS MALVINAS)

 FO FAROE ISLANDS

 FM FEDERATED STATES

OF MICRONESIA

 FM03 Chuuk

 FM01 Kosrae

 FM02 Pohnpei

 FM04 Yap

 

 FJ FIJI

 FJ01 Central

 FJ02 Eastern

 FJ03 Northern

 FJ04 Rotuma

 FJ05 Western

* FI FINLAND

 FI01 Ahvenanmaa

 FI02 Hame

 FI03 Keski-Suomi

 FI04 Kuopio

 FI05 Kymi

 FI06 Lappi

 FI07 Mikkeli

 FI08 Oulu

 FI09 Pohjois-Karjala FI10 

Turku ja Pori

 FI11 Uusimaa

 FI12 Vaasa

* FR FRANCE

 FRC1 Alsace

 FR97 Aquitaine

 FR98 Auvergne

 FR99 Basse-Normandie

 FRA1 Bourgogne

 FRA2 Bretagne

 FRA3 Centre

 FRA4 Champagne-Ardenne

 FRA5 Corse

 FRA6 Franche-Comte

 FRA7 Haute-Normandie

 FRA8 Ile-de-France

 FRA9 Languedoc-Roussillon

 FRB1 Limousin

 FRB2 Lorraine

 FRB3 Midi-Pyrenees

 FRB4 Nord-Pas-de-Calais

 FRB5 Pays de la Loire

 FRB6 Picardie

 FRB7 Poitou-Charentes

 FRB8 Provence-Alpes-Cote

d'Azur

 FRB9 Rhone-Alpes

 FG FRENCH GUIANA

 FP FRENCH POLYNESIA

 FS FRENCH SOUTHERN

AND ANTARCTIC LANDS

 

 GB GABON

 GB01 Estuaire

 GB02 Haut-Ogooue

 GB03 Moyen-Ogooue

 GB04 Ngounie

 GB05 Nyanga

 GB06 Ogooue-Ivindo

 GB07 Ogooue-Lolo

 GB08 Ogooue-Maritime

 GB09 Woleu-Ntem

 

 GA GAMBIA, THE

 GA01 Banjul

 GA02 Lower River

 GA03 MacCarthy Island

 GA07 North Bank

 GA04 Upper River

 GA05 Western

 

 GZ GAZA STRIP

 GG GEORGIA

* GM GERMANY

 GM01 Baden-Wurttemberg

 GM02 Bayern

 GM16 Berlin

 GM11 Brandenburg

 GM03 Bremen

 GM04 Hamburg

 GM05 Hessen

 GM12 

Mecklenburg-Vorpommern

 GM06 Niedersachsen

 GM07 Nordrhein-Westfalen

 GM08 Rheinland-Pfalz

 GM09 Saarland

 GM13 Sachsen

 GM14 Sachsen-Anhalt

 GM10 Schleswig-Holstein

 GM15 Thuringen

* GH GHANA

 GH02 Ashanti

 GH03 Brong-Ahafo

 GH04 Central

 GH05 Eastern

 GH01 Greater Accra

 GH06 Northern

 GH10 Upper East

 GH11 Upper West

 GH08 Volta

 GH09 Western

 

 GI GIBRALTAR 

 GO GLORIOSO ISLANDS

 GR GREECE

 GR31 Aitolia kai Akarnania

 GR38 Akhaia

 GR36 Argolis

 GR41 Arkadhia

 GR20 Arta

 GR35 Attiki

 GR47 Dhodhekanisos

 GR04 Drama

 GR30 Evritania

 GR01 Evros

 GR34 Evvoia

 GR08 Florina

 GR32 Fokis

 GR29 Fthiotis

 GR10 Grevena

 GR39 Ilia

 GR12 Imathia

 GR17 Ioannina

 GR45 Iraklion

 GR23 Kardhitsa

 GR09 Kastoria

 GR14 Kavala

 GR27 Kefallinia
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-10

 GR25 Kerkira

 GR15 Khalkidhiki

 GR43 Khania

 GR50 Khios

 GR49 Kikladhes

 GR06 Kilkis

 GR37 Korinthia

 GR11 Kozani

 GR42 Lakonia

 GR21 Larisa

 GR46 Lasithi

 GR51 Lesvos

 GR26 Levkas

 GR24 Magnisia

 GR40 Messinia

 GR07 Pella

 GR16 Pieria

 GR19 Preveza

 GR44 Rethimni

 GR02 Rodhopi

 GR48 Samos

 GR05 Serrai

 GR18 Thesprotia

 GR13 Thessaloniki

 GR22 Trikala

 GR33 Voiotia

 GR03 Xanthi

 GR28 Zakinthos

 GL GREENLAND

 GL01 Nordgronland

 GL02 Ostgronland

 GL03 Vestgronland

 

 GJ GRENADA

 GJ01 Saint Andrew

 GJ02 Saint David

 GJ03 Saint George

 GJ04 Saint John

 GJ05 Saint Mark

 GJ06 Saint Patrick

 

 GP GUADELOUPE

 GQ GUAM

 GT GUATEMALA

 GT01 Alta Verapaz

 GT02 Baja Verapaz

 GT03 Chimaltenango

 GT04 Chiquimula

 GT05 El Progreso

 GT06 Escuintla

 GT07 Guatemala

 GT08 Huehuetenango

 GT09 Izabal

 GT10 Jalapa

 GT11 Jutiapa

 GT12 Peten

 GT14 Quiche

 GT13 Quetzaltenango

 GT15 Retalhuleu

 GT16 Sacatepequez

 GT17 San Marcos

 GT18 Santa Rosa

 GT19 Solola

 GT20 Suchitepequez

 GT21 Totonicapan

 GT22 Zacapa

 GK GUERNSEY

 

 GV GUINEA

 GV01 Beyla

 GV02 Boffa

 GV03 Boke

 GV04 Conakry

 GV05 Dabola

 GV06 Dalaba

 GV07 Dinguiraye

 GV08 Dubreka

 GV09 Faranah

 GV10 Forecariah

 GV11 Fria

 GV12 Gaoual

 GV13 Gueckedou

 GV14 Kankan

 GV15 Kerouane

 GV16 Kindia

 GV17 Kissidougou

 GV18 Koundara

 GV19 Kouroussa

 GV20 Labe

 GV21 Macenta

 GV22 Mali

 GV23 Mamou

 GV24 Nzerekore

 GV25 Pita

 GV26 Siguiri

 GV27 Telimele

 GV28 Tougue

 GV29 Yomou

 PU GUINEA-BISSAU

 PU01 Bafata

 PU12 Biombo

 PU11 Bissau

 PU05 Bolama

 PU06 Cacheu

 PU10 Gabu

 PU04 Oio

 PU02 Quinara

 PU07 Tombali

 GY GUYANA

 GY10 Barima-Waini

 GY11 Cuyuni-Mazaruni

 GY12 Demerara-Mahaica

 GY13 East

Berbice-Corentyne

 GY14 Essequibo

Islands-West Demerara

 GY15 Mahaica-Berbice

 GY16 Pomeroon-Supenaam

 GY17 Potaro-Siparuni

 GY18 Upper

Demerara-Berbice

 GY19 Upper Takutu-Upper

Essequibo

 HA HAITI

 HA06 Artibonite

 HA07 Centre

 HA08 Grand' Anse

 HA09 Nord

 HA10 Nord-Est

 HA03 Nord-Ouest

 HA11 Ouest

 HA12 Sud

 HA13 Sud-Est

 HM HEARD ISLAND AND 

 MCDONALD

ISLANDS

 

 HO HONDURAS

 HO01 Atlantida
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-11

 HO02 Choluteca

 HO03 Colon

 HO04 Comayagua

 HO05 Copan

 HO06 Cortes

 HO07 El Paraiso

 HO08 Francisco Morazan

 HO09 Gracias a Dios

 HO10 Intibuca

 HO11 Islas de la Bahia

 HO12 La Paz

 HO13 Lempira

 HO14 Ocotepeque

 HO15 Olancho

 HO16 Santa Barbara

 HO17 Valle

 HO18 Yoro

 

 HK HONG KONG

 HQ HOWLAND ISLAND

* HU HUNGARY

 HU01 Bacs-Kiskun

 HU02 Baranya

 HU03 Bekes

 HU26 Bekescsaba

 HU04 Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen

 HU05 Budapest

 HU06 Csongrad

 HU07 Debrecen

 HU27 Dunaujvaros

 HU28 Eger

 HU08 Fejer

 HU25 Gyor

 HU09 Gyor-Moson-Sopron

 HU10 Hajdu-Bihar

 HU11 Heves

 HU29 Hodmezovasarhely

 HU20 Jasz-Nagykun-Szolnok

 HU30 Kaposvar

 HU31 Kecskemet

 HU12 Komarom-Esztergom

 HU13 Miskolc

 HU32 Nagykanizsa

 HU14 Nograd

 HU33 Nyiregyhaza

 HU15 Pecs

 HU16 Pest

 HU17 Somogy

 HU34 Sopron

 HU18 

Szabolcs-Szatmar-Bereg

 HU19 Szeged

 HU35 Szekesfehervar

 HU36 Szolnok

 HU37 Szombathely

 HU38 Tatabanya

 HU21 Tolna

 HU22 Vas

 HU23 Veszprem

 HU39 Veszprem

 HU24 Zala

 HU40 Zalaegerszeg

 

 IC ICELAND

 IC01 Akranes

 IC02 Akureyri

 IC03 Arnessysla

 IC04 

Austur-Bardastrandarsysla

 IC05 Austur-Hunavatnssysla

 IC06 Austur-Skaftafellssysla

 IC07 Borgarfjardarsysla

 IC08 Dalasysla

 IC09 Eyjafjardarsysla

 IC10 Gullbringusysla

 IC11 Hafnarfjordur

 IC12 Husavik

 IC13 Isafjordur

 IC14 Keflavik

 IC15 Kjosarsysla

 IC16 Kopavogur

 IC17 Myrasysla

 IC18 Neskaupstadur

 IC19 Nordur-Isafjardarsysla

 IC20 Nordur-Mulasysla

 IC21 Nordur-Tingeyjarsysla

 IC22 Olafsfjordur

 IC23 Rangarvallasysla

 IC24 Reykjavik

 IC25 Saudarkrokur

 IC26 Seydisfjordur

 IC27 Siglufjordur

 IC28 Skagafjardarsysla

 IC29 Snafellsnes- og

Hnappadalssysla

 IC30 Strandasysla

 IC31 Sudur-Mulasysla

 IC32 Sudur-Tingeyjarsysla

 IC33 Vestmannaeyjar

 IC34 

Vestur-Bardastrandarsysla

 IC35 Vestur-Hunavatnssysla

 IC36 Vestur-Isafjardarsysla

 IC37 Vestur-Skaftafellssysla

* IN INDIA

 IN01 Andaman and Nicobar

Islands

 IN02 Andhra Pradesh

 IN30 Arunachal Pradesh

 IN03 Assam

 IN04 Bihar

 IN05 Chandigarh

 IN06 Dadra and Nagar Haveli

 IN32 Daman and Diu

 IN07 Delhi

 IN33 Goa

 IN09 Gujarat

 IN10 Haryana

 IN11 Himachal Pradesh

 IN12 Jammu and Kashmir

 IN19 Karnataka

 IN13 Kerala

 IN14 Lakshadweep

 IN15 Madhya Pradesh

 IN16 Maharashtra

 IN17 Manipur

 IN18 Meghalaya

 IN31 Mizoram

 IN20 Nagaland

 IN21 Orissa

 IN22 Pondicherry

 IN23 Punjab

 IN24 Rajasthan

 IN29 Sikkim

 IN25 Tamil Nadu

 IN26 Tripura

 IN27 Uttar Pradesh

 IN28 West Bengal

 

 ID INDONESIA

 ID01 Aceh

 ID02 Bali

 ID03 Bengkulu

 ID09 Irian Jaya
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-12

 ID04 Jakarta Raya

 ID05 Jambi

 ID06 Jawa Barat

 ID07 Jawa Tengah

 ID08 Jawa Timur

 ID11 Kalimantan Barat

 ID12 Kalimantan Selatan

 ID13 Kalimantan Tengah

 ID14 Kalimantan Timur

 ID15 Lampung

 ID16 Maluku

 ID17 Nusa Tenggara Barat

 ID18 Nusa Tenggara Timur

 ID19 Riau

 ID20 Sulawesi Selatan

 ID21 Sulawesi Tengah

 ID22 Sulawesi Tenggara

 ID23 Sulawesi Utara

 ID24 Sumatera Barat

 ID25 Sumatera Selatan

 ID26 Sumatera Utara

 ID27 Timor Timur

 ID10 Yogyakarta

* IR IRAN

 IR01 Azarbayjan-e Bakhtari

 IR02 Azarbayjan-e Khavari

 IR13 Bakhtaran

 IR22 Bushehr

 IR03 Chahar Mahall va

Bakhtiari

 IR28 Esfahan

 IR07 Fars

 IR08 Gilan

 IR09 Hamadan

 IR11 Hormozgan

 IR10 Ilam

 IR29 Kerman

 IR30 Khorasan

 IR15 Khuzestan

 IR05 Kohkiluyeh va Buyer

Ahmadi

 IR16 Kordestan

 IR23 Lorestan

 IR24 Markazi

 IR17 Mazandaran

 IR25 Semnan

 IR04 Sistan va Baluchestan

 IR26 Tehran

 IR31 Yazd

 IR27 Zanjan

 

 IZ IRAQ

 IZ01 Al Anbar

 IZ02 Al Basrah

 IZ03 Al Muthanna

 IZ04 Al Qadisiyah

 IZ17 An Najaf

 IZ11 Arbil

 IZ05 As Sulaymaniyah

 IZ13 At Ta'mim

 IZ06 Babil

 IZ07 Baghdad

 IZ08 Dahuk

 IZ09 Dhi Qar

 IZ10 Diyala

 IZ12 Karbala'

 IZ14 Maysan

 IZ15 Ninawa

 IZ18 Salah ad Din

 IZ16 Wasit

 EI IRELAND

 EI01 Carlow

 EI02 Cavan

 EI03 Clare

 EI04 Cork

 EI06 Donegal

 EI07 Dublin

 EI10 Galway

 EI11 Kerry

 EI12 Kildare

 EI13 Kilkenny

 EI15 Laois

 EI14 Leitrim

 EI16 Limerick

 EI18 Longford

 EI19 Louth

 EI20 Mayo

 EI21 Meath

 EI22 Monaghan

 EI23 Offaly

 EI24 Roscommon

 EI25 Sligo

 EI26 Tipperary

 EI27 Waterford

 EI29 Westmeath

 EI30 Wexford

 EI31 Wicklow

* IS ISRAEL

 IS01 HaDarom

 IS02 HaMerkaz

 IS03 HaZafon

 IS04 Hefa

 IS05 Tel Aviv

 IS06 Yerushalayim

* IT ITALY

 IT01 Abruzzi

 IT02 Basilicata

 IT03 Calabria

 IT04 Campania

 IT05 Emilia-Romagna

 IT06 Friuli-Venezia Giulia

 IT07 Lazio

 IT08 Liguria

 IT09 Lombardia

 IT10 Marche

 IT11 Molise

 IT12 Piemonte

 IT13 Puglia

 IT14 Sardegna

 IT15 Sicilia

 IT16 Toscana

 IT17 Trentino-Alto Adige

 IT18 Umbria

 IT19 Valle d'Aosta

 IT20 Veneto

* JM JAMAICA

 JM01 Clarendon

 JM02 Hanover

 JM17 Kingston

 JM04 Manchester

 JM07 Portland

 JM08 Saint Andrew

 JM09 Saint Ann

 JM10 Saint Catherine

 JM11 Saint Elizabeth

 JM12 Saint James

 JM13 Saint Mary

 JM14 Saint Thomas

 JM15 Trelawny

 JM16 Westmoreland

 JN JAN MAYEN
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-13

* JA JAPAN

 JA01 Aichi

 JA02 Akita

 JA03 Aomori

 JA04 Chiba

 JA05 Ehime

 JA06 Fukui

 JA07 Fukuoka

 JA08 Fukushima

 JA09 Gifu

 JA10 Gumma

 JA11 Hiroshima

 JA12 Hokkaido

 JA13 Hyogo

 JA14 Ibaraki

 JA15 Ishikawa

 JA16 Iwate

 JA17 Kagawa

 JA18 Kagoshima

 JA19 Kanagawa

 JA20 Kochi

 JA21 Kumamoto

 JA22 Kyoto

 JA23 Mie

 JA24 Miyagi

 JA25 Miyazaki

 JA26 Nagano

 JA27 Nagasaki

 JA28 Nara

 JA29 Niigata

 JA30 Oita

 JA31 Okayama

 JA47 Okinawa

 JA32 Osaka

 JA33 Saga

 JA34 Saitama

 JA35 Shiga

 JA36 Shimane

 JA37 Shizuoka

 JA38 Tochigi

 JA39 Tokushima

 JA40 Tokyo

 JA41 Tottori

 JA42 Toyama

 JA43 Wakayama

 JA44 Yamagata

 JA45 Yamaguchi

 JA46 Yamanashi

 

 DQ JARVIS ISLAND

 JE JERSEY

 JQ JOHNSTON ATOLL

 

 JO JORDAN

 JO02 Al Balqa'

 JO09 Al Karak

 JO10 Al Mafraq

 JO11 `Amman

 JO12 At Tafilah

 JO13 Az Zarqa

 JO14 Irbid

 JO07 Ma`an

 

JU JUAN DE NOVA ISLAND

 KZ KAZAKHSTAN

 KE KENYA

 KE01 Central

 KE02 Coast

 KE03 Eastern

 KE05 Nairobi Area

 KE06 North-Eastern

 KE07 Nyanza

 KE08 Rift Valley

 KE09 Western

 KQ KINGMAN REEF

 KR KIRIBATI

 KR01 Gilbert Islands

 KR02 Line Islands

 KR03 Phoenix Islands

 

 KN KOREA, DEMOCRATIC

PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF

 KN01 Chagang-do

 KN16 Hamgyong-bukto

 KN03 Hamgyong-namdo

 KN07 Hwanghae-bukto

 KN06 Hwanghae-namdo

 KN08 Kaesong-si

 KN09 Kangwon-do

 KN14 Namp'o-si

 KN11 P'yongan-bukto

 KN15 P'yongan-namdo

 KN12 P'yongyang-si

 KN13 Yanggang-do

* KS KOREA, REPUBLIC OF

 KS01 Cheju-do

 KS03 Cholla-bukto

 KS16 Cholla-namdo

 KS05 Ch'ungch'ong-bukto

 KS17 Ch'ungch'ong-namdo

 KS12 Inch'on-jikhalsi

 KS06 Kangwon-do

 KS18 Kwangju-jikhalsi

 KS13 Kyonggi-do

 KS14 Kyongsang-bukto

 KS08 Kyongsang-namdo

 KS10 Pusan-jikhalsi

 KS11 Soul-t'ukpyolsi

 KS15 Taegu-jikhalsi

 KS19 Taejon-jikhalsi

 KU KUWAIT

 KU01 Al Ahmadi

 KU02 Al Kuwayt

 KU03 Hawalli

 KG KYRGYZSTAN

 LA LAOS

 LA01 Attapu

 LA02 Champasak

 LA03 Houaphan

 LA04 Khammouan

 LA05 Louang Namtha

 LA06 Louangphrabang

 LA07 Oudomxai

 LA08 Phongsali

 LA09 Saravan

 LA10 Savannakhet

 LA11 Vientiane

 LA13 Xaignabouri

 LA14 Xiangkhoang

 LG LATVIA

 LE LEBANON

 Al Biqa`

 Al Janub

 Ash Shamal

 Bayrut
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-14

 Jabal Lubnan

 LT LESOTHO

 LT10 Berea

 LT11 Butha-Buthe

 LT12 Leribe

 LT13 Mafeteng

 LT14 Maseru

 LT15 Mohales Hoek

 LT16 Mokhotlong

 LT17 Qachas Nek

 LT18 Quthing

 LT19 Thaba-Tseka

 LI LIBERIA

 LI01 Bong

 LI03 Grand Bassa

 LI04 Grand Cape Mount

 LI02 Grand Jide

 LI05 Lofa

 LI06 Maryland

 LI07 Monrovia

 LI08 Montserrado

 LI09 Nimba

 LI10 Sino

 

 LY LIBYA

 LY47 Ajdabiya

 LY03 Al `Aziziyah

 LY48 Al Fatih

 LY49 Al Jabal al Akhdar

 LY05 Al Jufrah

 LY50 Al Khums

 LY08 Al Kufrah

 LY51 An Nuqat al Khams

 LY13 Ash Shati'

 LY52 Awbari

 LY53 Az Zawiyah

 LY54 Banghazi

 LY55 Darnah

 LY56 Ghadamis

 LY57 Gharyan

 LY58 Misratah

 LY30 Murzuq

 LY34 Sabha

 LY59 Sawfajjin

 LY60 Surt

 LY61 Tarabulus

 LY41 Tarhunah

 LY42 Tubruq

 LY62 Yafran

 LY45 Zlitan

 LS LIECHTENSTEIN

 LS01 Balzers

 LS02 Eschen

 LS03 Gamprin

 LS04 Mauren

 LS05 Planken

 LS06 Ruggell

 LS07 Schaan

 LS08 Schellenberg

 LS09 Triesen

 LS10 Triesenberg

 LS11 Vaduz

 LH LITHUANIA

 LU LUXEMBOURG

 LU01 Diekirch

 LU02 Grevenmacher

 LU03 Luxembourg

 

 MC MACAU

 MC01 Ilhas

 MC02 Macau

 MK MACEDONIA

 MA MADAGASCAR

 MA05 Antananarivo

 MA01 Antsiranana

 MA02 Fianarantsoa

 MA03 Mahajanga

 MA04 Toamasina

 MA06 Toliara

 

 MI MALAWI

 MI24 Blantyre

 MI02 Chikwawa

 MI03 Chiradzulu

 MI04 Chitipa

 MI06 Dedza

 MI07 Dowa

 MI08 Karonga

 MI09 Kasungu

 MI11 Lilongwe

 MI10 Machinga

 MI12 Mangochi

 MI13 Mchinji

 MI14 Mulanje

 MI25 Mwanza

 MI15 Mzimba

 MI17 Nkhata Bay

 MI18 Nkhotakota

 MI19 Nsanje

 MI16 Ntcheu

 MI20 Ntchisi

 MI21 Rumphi

 MI22 Salima

 MI05 Thyolo

 MI23 Zomba

* MY MALAYSIA

 MY01 Johor

 MY02 Kedah

 MY03 Kelantan

 MY15 Labuan

 MY04 Melaka

 MY05 Negeri Sembilan

 MY06 Pahang

 MY07 Perak

 MY08 Perlis

 MY09 Pulau Pinang

 MY16 Sabah

 MY11 Sarawak

 MY12 Selangor

 MY13 Terengganu

 MY14 Wilayah Persekutuan

 

 MV MALDIVES

 MV02 Aliff

 MV20 Baa

 MV17 Daalu

 MV14 Faafu

 MV27 Gaafu Aliff

 MV28 Gaafu Daalu

 MV07 Haa Aliff

 MV23 Haa Daalu

 MV26 Kaafu

 MV05 Laamu

 MV03 Laviyani

 MV12 Meemu

 MV29 Naviyani

 MV25 Noonu

 MV13 Raa
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-15

 MV01 Seenu

 MV24 Shaviyani

 MV08 Thaa

 MV04 Waavu

 ML MALI

 ML01 Bamako

 ML02 Gao

 ML03 Kayes

 ML07 Koulikoro

 ML04 Mopti

 ML05 Segou

 ML06 Sikasso

 ML08 Tombouctou

 

MT MALTA

 IM MAN, ISLE OF

 RM MARSHALL ISLANDS

* MB MARTINIQUE

 MR MAURITANIA

 MR07 Adrar

 MR03 Assaba

 MR05 Brakna

 MR08 Dakhlet Nouadhibou

 MR04 Gorgol

 MR10 Guidimaka

 MR01 Hodh Ech Chargui

 MR02 Hodh El Gharbi

 MR12 Inchiri

 MR09 Tagant

 MR11 Tiris Zemmour

 MR06 Trarza

 

 MP MAURITIUS

 MP21 Agalega Islands

 MP12 Black River

 MP22 Cargados Carajos

 MP13 Flacq

 MP14 Grand Port

 MP15 Moka

 MP16 Pamplemousses

 MP17 Plaines Wilhems

 MP18 Port Louis

 MP19 Riviere du Rempart

 MP23 Rodrigues

 MP20 Savanne

 MF MAYOTTE

* MX MEXICO

 MX01 Aguascalientes

 MX02 Baja California

 MX03 Baja California Sur

 MX04 Campeche

 MX05 Chiapas

 MX06 Chihuahua

 MX07 Coahuila de Zaragoza

 MX08 Colima

 MX09 Distrito Federal

 MX10 Durango

 MX11 Guanajuato

 MX12 Guerrero

 MX13 Hidalgo

 MX14 Jalisco

 MX15 Mexico

 MX16 Michoacan de

Ocampo

 MX17 Morelos

 MX18 Nayarit

 MX19 Nuevo Leon

 MX20 Oaxaca

 MX21 Puebla

 MX22 Queretaro de Arteaga

 MX23 Quintana Roo

 MX24 San Luis Potosi

 MX25 Sinaloa

 MX26 Sonora

 MX27 Tabasco

 MX28 Tamaulipas

 MX29 Tlaxcala

 MX30 Veracruz-Llave

 MX31 Yucatan

 MX32 Zacatecas

 

 MQ MIDWAY ISLANDS

 MD MOLDOVA

 MN MONACO

 MN01 La Condamine

 MN02 Monaco

 MN03 Monte-Carlo

 

 MG MONGOLIA

 MG01 Arhangay

 MG02 Bayanhongor

 MG03 Bayan-Olgiy

 MG21 Bulgan

 MG05 Darhan

 MG06 Dornod

 MG07 Dornogovi

 MG08 Dundgovi

 MG09 Dzavhan

 MG22 Erdenet

 MG10 Govi-Altay

 MG11 Hentiy

 MG12 Hovd

 MG13 Hovsgol

 MG14 Omnogovi

 MG15 Ovorhangay

 MG16 Selenge

 MG17 Suhbaatar

 MG18 Tov

 MG20 Ulaanbaatar

 MG19 Uvs

 

 MW MONTENEGRO

 

 MH MONTSERRAT

 MH01 Saint Anthony

 MH02 Saint Georges

 MH03 Saint Peter

 

 MO MOROCCO

 MO01 Agadir

 MO02 Al Hoceima

 MO03 Azilal

 MO05 Beni Mellal

 MO04 Ben Slimane

 MO06 Boulemane

 MO07 Casablanca

 MO08 Chaouen

 MO09 El Jadida

 MO10 El Kelaa des Srarhna

 MO11 Er Rachidia

 MO12 Essaouira

 MO13 Fes

 MO14 Figuig

 MO33 Guelmim

 MO34 Ifrane

 MO15 Kenitra

 MO16 Khemisset

 MO17 Khenifra
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-16

 MO18 Khouribga

 MO35 Laayoune

 MO41 Larache

 MO19 Marrakech

 MO20 Meknes

 MO21 Nador

 MO22 Ouarzazate

 MO23 Oujda

 MO24 Rabat-Sale

 MO25 Safi

 MO26 Settat

 MO38 Sidi Kacem

 MO27 Tanger

 MO36 Tan-Tan

 MO37 Taounate

 MO39 Taroudannt

 MO29 Tata

 MO30 Taza

 MO40 Tetouan

 MO32 Tiznit

 

 MZ MOZAMBIQUE

 MZ01 Cabo Delgado

 MZ02 Gaza

 MZ03 Inhambane

 MZ10 Manica

 MZ04 Maputo

 MZ06 Nampula

 MZ07 Niassa

 MZ05 Sofala

 MZ08 Tete

 MZ09 Zambezia

 WA NAMIBIA

 WA01 Bethanien

 WA03 Boesmanland

 WA02 Caprivi Oos

 WA22 Damaraland

 WA04 Gobabis

 WA05 Grootfontein

 WA23 Hereroland Oos

 WA24 Hereroland Wes

 WA06 Kaokoland

 WA20 Karasburg

 WA07 Karibib

 WA25 Kavango

 WA08 Keetmanshoop

 WA09 Luderitz

 WA10 Maltahohe

 WA26 Mariental

 WA27 Namaland

 WA11 Okahandja

 WA12 Omaruru

 WA13 Otjiwarongo

 WA14 Outjo

 WA15 Owambo

 WA16 Rehoboth

 WA17 Swakopmund

 WA18 Tsumeb

 WA21 Windhoek

 

 NR00 NAURU

 NR01 Aiwo

 NR02 Anabar

 NR03 Anetan

 NR04 Anibare

 NR05 Baiti

 NR06 Boe

 NR07 Buada

 NR08 Denigomodu

 NR09 Ewa

 NR10 Ijuw

 NR11 Meneng

 NR12 Nibok

 NR13 Uaboe

 NR14 Yaren

 

 BQ NAVASSA ISLAND

 

 NP NEPAL

 NP01 Bagmati

 NP02 Bheri

 NP03 Dhawalagiri

 NP04 Gandaki

 NP05 Janakpur

 NP06 Karnali

 NP07 Kosi

 NP08 Lumbini

 NP09 Mahakali

 NP10 Mechi

 NP11 Narayani

 NP12 Rapti

 NP13 Sagarmatha

 NP14 Seti

* NL NETHERLANDS

 NL01 Drenthe

 NL12 Dronten

 NL02 Friesland

 NL03 Gelderland

 NL04 Groningen

 NL14 Lelystad

 NL05 Limburg

 NL06 Noord-Brabant

 NL07 Noord-Holland

 NL08 Overijssel

 NL09 Utrecht

 NL10 Zeeland

 NL13 Zuidelijke

IJsselmeerpolders

 NL11 Zuid-Holland

 NT NETHERLANDS

ANTILLES

 NC NEW CALEDONIA

* NZ NEW ZEALAND

 NZ01 Akaroa

 NZ03 Amuri

 NZ04 Ashburton

 NZ07 Bay of Islands

 NZ08 Bruce

 NZ09 Buller

 NZ10 Chatham Islands

 NZ11 Cheviot

 NZ12 Clifton

 NZ13 Clutha

 NZ14 Cook

 NZ16 Dannevirke

 NZ17 Egmont

 NZ18 Eketahuna

 NZ19 Ellesmere

 NZ20 Eltham

 NZ21 Eyre

 NZ22 Featherston

 NZ24 Franklin

 NZ26 Golden Bay

 NZ27 Great Barrier Island

 NZ28 Grey

 NZ29 Hauraki Plains

 NZ30 Hawera

 NZ31 Hawke's Bay

 NZ32 Heathcote

 NZD9 Hikurangi

 NZ33 Hobson

 NZ34 Hokianga
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-17

 NZ35 Horowhenua

 NZD4 Hurunui

 NZ36 Hutt

 NZ37 Inangahua

 NZ38 Inglewood

 NZ39 Kaikoura

 NZ40 Kairanga

 NZ41 Kiwitea

 NZ43 Lake

 NZ45 Mackenzie

 NZ46 Malvern

 NZE1 Manaia

 NZ47 Manawatu

 NZ48 Mangonui

 NZ49 Maniototo

 NZ50 Marlborough

 NZ51 Masterton

 NZ52 Matamata

 NZ53 Mount Herbert

 NZ54 Ohinemuri

 NZ55 Opotiki

 NZ56 Oroua

 NZ57 Otamatea

 NZ58 Otorohanga

 NZ59 Oxford

 NZ60 Pahiatua

 NZ61 Paparua

 NZ63 Patea

 NZ65 Piako

 NZ66 Pohangina

 NZ67 Raglan

 NZ68 Rangiora

 NZ69 Rangitikei

 NZ70 Rodney

 NZ71 Rotorua

 NZE2 Runanga

 NZE3 Saint Kilda

 NZD5 Silverpeaks

 NZ72 Southland

 NZ73 Stewart Island

 NZ74 Stratford

 NZD6 Strathallan

 NZ76 Taranaki

 NZ77 Taumarunui

 NZ78 Taupo

 NZ79 Tauranga

 NZE4 Thames-Coromandel

 NZ81 Tuapeka

 NZ82 Vincent

 NZ83 Waiapu

 NZD8 Waiheke

 NZ84 Waihemo

 NZ85 Waikato

 NZ86 Waikohu

 NZ88 Waimairi

 NZ89 Waimarino

 NZ90 Waimate

 NZ91 Waimate West

 NZ92 Waimea

 NZ93 Waipa

 NZ95 Waipawa

 NZ96 Waipukurau

 NZ97 Wairarapa South

 NZ98 Wairewa

 NZ99 Wairoa

 NZA4 Waitaki

 NZA6 Waitomo

 NZA8 Waitotara

 NZE6 Wallace

 NZB2 Wanganui

 NZE5 Waverley

 NZB3 Westland

 NZB4 Whakatane

 NZA1 Whangarei

 NZA2 Whangaroa

 NZA3 Woodville

 

 NU NICARAGUA

 NU01 Boaco

 NU02 Carazo

 NU03 Chinandega

 NU04 Chontales

 NU05 Esteli

 NU06 Granada

 NU07 Jinotega

 NU08 Leon

 NU09 Madriz

 NU10 Managua

 NU11 Masaya

 NU12 Matagalpa

 NU13 Nueva Segovia

 NU14 Rio San Juan

 NU15 Rivas

 NU16 Zelaya

 NG NIGER

 NG01 Agadez

 NG02 Diffa

 NG03 Dosso

 NG04 Maradi

 NG05 Niamey

 NG06 Tahoua

 NG07 Zinder

 

 NI NIGERIA

 NI34 Abia

 NI11 Abuja Capital Territory

 NI35 Adamawa

 NI21 Akwa Ibom

 NI25 Anambra

 NI06 Bauchi

 NI26 Benue

 NI27 Borno

 NI22 Cross River

 NI36 Delta

 NI37 Edo

 NI38 Enugu

 NI28 Imo

 NI39 Jigawa

 NI23 Kaduna

 NI29 Kano

 NI24 Katsina

 NI40 Kebbi

 NI41 Kogi

 NI30 Kwara

 NI05 Lagos

 NI31 Niger

 NI16 Ogun

 NI17 Ondo

 NI42 Osun

 NI32 Oyo

 NI19 Plateau

 NI10 Rivers

 NI33 Sokoto

 NI43 Taraba

 NI44 Yobe

 NE NIUE

 NF NORFOLK ISLAND

 CQ NORTHERN MARIANA

ISLANDS

* NO NORWAY

 NO01 Akershus

 NO02 Aust-Agder
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-18

 NO04 Buskerud

 NO05 Finnmark

 NO06 Hedmark

 NO07 Hordaland

 NO08 More og Romsdal

 NO09 Nordland

 NO10 Nord-Trondelag

 NO11 Oppland

 NO12 Oslo

 NO13 Ostfold

 NO14 Rogaland

 NO15 Sogn og Fjordane

 NO16 Sor-Trondelag

 NO17 Telemark

 NO18 Troms

 NO19 Vest-Agder

 NO20 Vestfold

 MU OMAN

 PK PAKISTAN

 PK06 Azad Kashmir

 PK02 Balochistan

 PK01 Federally Administered

Tribal Areas

 PK08 Islamabad

 PK07 Northern Areas

 PK03 North-West Frontier

 PK04 Punjab

 PK05 Sindh

 

LQ PALMYRA ATOLL

* PM PANAMA

 PM01 Bocas del Toro

 PM02 Chiriqui

 PM03 Cocle

 PM04 Colon

 PM05 Darien

 PM06 Herrera

 PM07 Los Santos

 PM08 Panama

 PM09 San Blas

 PM10 Veraguas

 PP PAPUA NEW GUINEA

 PP01 Central

 PP08 Chimbu

 PP09 Eastern Highlands

 PP10 East New Britain

 PP11 East Sepik

 PP19 Enga

 PP02 Gulf

 PP12 Madang

 PP13 Manus

 PP03 Milne Bay

 PP14 Morobe

 PP20 National Capital

 PP15 New Ireland

 PP04 Northern

 PP07 North Solomons

 PP18 Sandaun

 PP05 Southern Highlands

 PP06 Western

 PP16 Western Highlands

 PP17 West New Britain

 PF PARACEL ISLANDS

 PA PARAGUAY

 PA18 Alto Paraguay

 PA01 Alto Parana

 PA02 Amambay

 PA03 Boqueron

 PA04 Caaguazu

 PA05 Caazapa

 PA19 Canindeyu

 PA06 Central

 PA20 Chaco

 PA07 Concepcion

 PA08 Cordillera

 PA10 Guaira

 PA11 Itapua

 PA12 Misiones

 PA13 Neembucu

 PA21 Nueva Asuncion

 PA15 Paraguari

 PA16 Presidente Hayes

 PA17 San Pedro

 PE PERU

 PE01 Amazonas

 PE02 Ancash

 PE03 Apurimac

 PE04 Arequipa

 PE05 Ayacucho

 PE06 Cajamarca

 PE07 Callao

 PE08 Cusco

 PE09 Huancavelica

 PE10 Huanuco

 PE11 Ica

 PE12 Junin

 PE13 La Libertad

 PE14 Lambayeque

 PE15 Lima

 PE16 Loreto

 PE17 Madre de Dios

 PE18 Moquegua

 PE19 Pasco

 PE20 Piura

 PE21 Puno

 PE22 San Martin

 PE23 Tacna

 PE24 Tumbes

 PE25 Ucayali

 RP PHILIPPINES

 RP01 Abra

 RP02 Agusan del Norte

 RP03 Agusan del Sur

 RP04 Aklan

 RP05 Albay

 RPA1 Angeles

 RP06 Antique

 RPG8 Aurora

 RPA2 Bacolod

 RPA3 Bago

 RPA4 Baguio

 RPA5 Bais

 RP22 Basilan

 RPA6 Basilan City

 RP07 Bataan

 RP08 Batanes

 RP09 Batangas

 RPA7 Batangas City

 RP10 Benguet

 RP11 Bohol

 RP12 Bukidnon

 RP13 Bulacan

 RPA8 Butuan

 RPA9 Cabanatuan

 RPB1 Cadiz

 RP14 Cagayan

 RPB2 Cagayan de Oro

 RPB3 Calbayog

 RPB4 Caloocan
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-19

 RP15 Camarines Norte

 RP16 Camarines Sur

 RP17 Camiguin

 RPB5 Canlaon

 RP18 Capiz

 RP19 Catanduanes

 RP20 Cavite

 RPB6 Cavite City

 RP21 Cebu

 RPB7 Cebu City

 RPB8 Cotabato

 RPB9 Dagupan

 RPC1 Danao

 RPC2 Dapitan

 RP24 Davao

 RPC3 Davao City

 RP25 Davao del Sur

 RP26 Davao Oriental

 RPC4 Dipolog

 RPC5 Dumaguete

 RP23 Eastern Samar

 RPC6 General Santos

 RPC7 Gingoog

 RP27 Ifugao

 RPC8 Iligan

 RP28 Ilocos Norte

 RP29 Ilocos Sur

 RP30 Iloilo

 RPC9 Iloilo City

 RPD1 Iriga

 RP31 Isabela

 RP32 Kalinga-Apayao

 RPD2 La Carlota

 RP33 Laguna

 RP34 Lanao del Norte

 RP35 Lanao del Sur

 RPD3 Laoag

 RPD4 Lapu-Lapu

 RP36 La Union

 RPD5 Legaspi

 RP37 Leyte

 RPD6 Lipa

 RPD7 Lucena

 RP56 Maguindanao

 RPD8 Mandaue

 RPD9 Manila

 RPE1 Marawi

 RP38 Marinduque

 RP39 Masbate

 RP40 Mindoro Occidental

 RP41 Mindoro Oriental

 RP42 Misamis Occidental

 RP43 Misamis Oriental

 RP44 Mountain

 RPE2 Naga

 RPH3 Negros Occidental

 RP46 Negros Oriental

 RP57 North Cotabato

 RP67 Northern Samar

 RP47 Nueva Ecija

 RP48 Nueva Vizcaya

 RPE3 Olongapo

 RPE4 Ormoc

 RPE5 Oroquieta

 RPE6 Ozamis

 RPE7 Pagadian

 RP49 Palawan

 RPE8 Palayan

 RP50 Pampanga

 RP51 Pangasinan

 RPE9 Pasay

 RPF1 Puerto Princesa

 RPH2 Quezon

 RPF2 Quezon City

 RP68 Quirino

 RP53 Rizal

 RP54 Romblon

 RPF3 Roxas

 RP55 Samar

 RPF4 San Carlos, Negros

Occidental

 RPF5 San Carlos,

Pangasinan

 RPF6 San Jose

 RPF7 San Pablo

 RPF8 Silay

 RP69 Siquijor

 RP58 Sorsogon

 RP70 South Cotabato

 RP59 Southern Leyte

 RP71 Sultan Kudarat

 RP60 Sulu

 RPF9 Surigao

 RP61 Surigao del Norte

 RP62 Surigao del Sur

 RPG1 Tacloban

 RPG2 Tagaytay

 RPG3 Tagbilaran

 RPG4 Tangub

 RP63 Tarlac

 RP72 Tawitawi

 RPG5 Toledo

 RPG6 Trece Martires

 RP64 Zambales

 RPG7 Zamboanga

 RP65 Zamboanga del Norte

 RP66 Zamboanga del Su

r

 PC PITCAIRN ISLANDS

* PL POLAND

 PL23 Biala Podlaska

 PL24 Bialystok

 PL25 Bielsko

 PL26 Bydgoszcz

 PL27 Chelm

 PL28 Ciechanow

 PL29 Czestochowa

 PL30 Elblag

 PL31 Gdansk

 PL32 Gorzow

 PL33 Jelenia Gora

 PL34 Kalisz

 PL35 Katowice

 PL36 Kielce

 PL37 Konin

 PL38 Koszalin

 PL39 Krakow

 PL40 Krosno

 PL41 Legnica

 PL42 Leszno

 PL43 Lodz

 PL44 Lomza

 PL45 Lublin

 PL46 Nowy Sacz

 PL47 Olsztyn

 PL48 Opole

 PL49 Ostroleka

 PL50 Pila

 PL51 Piotrkow

 PL52 Plock

 PL53 Poznan

 PL54 Przemysl

 PL55 Radom

 PL56 Rzeszow

 PL57 Siedlce

 PL58 Sieradz
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-20

 PL59 Skierniewice

 PL60 Slupsk

 PL61 Suwalki

 PL62 Szczecin

 PL63 Tarnobrzeg

 PL64 Tarnow

 PL65 Torun

 PL66 Walbrzych

 PL67 Warszawa

 PL68 Wloclawek

 PL69 Wroclaw

 PL70 Zamosc

 PL71 Zielona Gora

 PO PORTUGAL

 PO02 Aveiro

 PO23 Azores

 PO03 Beja

 PO04 Braga

 PO05 Braganca

 PO06 Castelo Branco

 PO07 Coimbra

 PO08 Evora

 PO09 Faro

 PO11 Guarda

 PO13 Leiria

 PO14 Lisboa

 PO10 Madeira

 PO16 Portalegre

 PO17 Porto

 PO18 Santarem

 PO19 Setubal

 PO20 Viana do Castelo

 PO21 Vila Real

 PO22 Viseu

 RQ PUERTO RICO

 

 QA QATAR

 RE REUNION

 RO ROMANIA

 RO01 Alba

 RO02 Arad

 RO03 Arges

 RO04 Bacau

 RO05 Bihor

 RO06 Bistrita-Nasaud

 RO07 Botosani

 RO08 Braila

 RO09 Brasov

 RO10 Bucuresti

 RO11 Buzau

 RO41 Calarasi

 RO12 Caras-Severin

 RO13 Cluj

 RO14 Constanta

 RO15 Covasna

 RO16 Dimbovita

 RO17 Dolj

 RO18 Galati

 RO19 Gorj

 RO42 Giurgiu

 RO20 Harghita

 RO21 Hunedoara

 RO22 Ialomita

 RO23 Iasi

 RO25 Maramures

 RO26 Mehedinti

 RO27 Mures

 RO28 Neamt

 RO29 Olt

 RO30 Prahova

 RO31 Salaj

 RO32 Satu Mare

 RO33 Sibiu

 RO34 Suceava

 RO35 Teleorman

 RO36 Timis

 RO37 Tulcea

 RO38 Vaslui

 RO39 Vilcea

 RO40 Vrancea

 * RS RUSSIA

 RW RWANDA

 RW01 Butare

 RW02 Byumba

 RW03 Cyangugu

 RW04 Gikongoro

 RW05 Gisenyi

 RW06 Gitarama

 RW07 Kibungo

 RW08 Kibuye

 RW09 Kigali

 RW10 Ruhengeri

 SC ST. KITTS AND NEVIS

 SC01 Christ Church Nichola

Town

 SC02 Saint Anne Sandy

Point

 SC03 Saint George

Basseterre

 SC04 Saint George

Gingerland

 SC05 Saint James Windward

 SC06 Saint John Capisterre

 SC07 Saint John Figtree

 SC08 Saint Mary Cayon

 SC09 Saint Paul Capisterre

 SC10 Saint Paul

Charlestown

 SC11 Saint Peter Basseterre

 SC12 Saint Thomas Lowland

 SC13 Saint Thomas Middle

Island

 SC15 Trinity Palmetto Point

 SH ST. HELENA

 SH01 Ascension

 SH02 Saint Helena

 SH03 Tristan da Cunha

 ST ST. LUCIA

 ST01 Anse-la-Raye

 ST03 Castries

 ST04 Choiseul

 ST02 Dauphin

 ST05 Dennery

 ST06 Gros-Islet

 ST07 Laborie

 ST08 Micoud

 ST11 Praslin

 ST09 Soufriere

 ST10 Vieux-Fort

 

 SB ST. PIERRE AND

MIQUELON

 VC ST. VINCENT AND THE 

GRENADINES

 VC01 Charlotte

 VC06 Grenadines

 VC02 Saint Andrew

 VC03 Saint David
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-21

 VC04 Saint George

 VC05 Saint Patrick

 SM SAN MARINO

 SM01 Acquaviva

 SM06 Borgo Maggiore

 SM02 Chiesanuova

 SM03 Domagnano

 SM04 Faetano

 SM05 Fiorentino

 SM08 Monte Giardino

 SM07 San Marino

 SM09 Serravalle

 

 TP SAO TOME AND

PRINCIPE

 TP01 Principe

 TP02 Sao Tome

 

SA SAUDI ARABIA

 SA02 Al Bahah

 SA15 Al Hudud ash

Shamaliyah

 SA03 Al Jawf

 SA05 Al Madinah

 SA08 Al Qasim

 SA09 Al Qurayyat

 SA10 Ar Riyad

 SA06 Ash Sharqiyah

 SA11 `Asir

 SA13 Ha'il

 SA17 Jizan

 SA14 Makkah

 SA16 Najran

 SA19 Tabuk

 

 SG SENEGAL

 SG01 Dakar

 SG03 Diourbel

 SG09 Fatick

 SG10 Kaolack

 SG11 Kolda

 SG08 Louga

 SG04 Saint-Louis

 SG05 Tambacounda

 SG07 Thies

 SG12 Ziguinchor

 SR SERBIA

 

 SE SEYCHELLES

 SE01 Anse aux Pins

 SE02 Anse Boileau

 SE03 Anse Etoile

 SE04 Anse Louis

 SE05 Anse Royale

 SE06 Baie Lazare

 SE07 Baie Sainte Anne

 SE08 Beau Vallon

 SE09 Bel Air

 SE10 Bel Ombre

 SE11 Cascade

 SE12 Glacis

 SE13 Grand' Anse (Mahe)

 SE14 Grand' Anse (Praslin)

 SE15 La Digue

 SE16 La Riviere Anglaise

 SE17 Mont Buxton

 SE18 Mont Fleuri

 SE19 Plaisance

 SE20 Pointe La Rue

 SE21 Port Glaud

 SE22 Saint Louis

 SE23 Takamaka

 SL SIERRA LEONE

 SL01 Eastern

 SL02 Northern

 SL03 Southern

 SL04 Western Area

 SN SINGAPORE

* LO SLOVAKIA

* SI SLOVENIA

 BP SOLOMON ISLANDS

 BP05 Central

 BP06 Guadalcanal

 BP07 Isabel

 BP08 Makira

 BP03 Malaita

 BP09 Temotu

 BP04 Western

 SO SOMALIA

 SO01 Bakool

 SO02 Banaadir

 SO03 Bari

 SO04 Bay

 SO05 Galguduud

 SO06 Gedo

 SO07 Hiiraan

 SO08 Jubbada Dhexe

 SO09 Jubbada Hoose

 SO10 Mudug

 SO11 Nugaal

 SO12 Sanaag

 SO13 Shabeellaha Dhexe

 SO14 Shabeellaha Hoose

 SO15 Togdheer

 SO16 Woqooyi Galbeed

 SF SOUTH AFRICA

 SF01 Cape Province

 SF02 Natal

 SF03 Orange Free State

 SF04 Transvaal

 SX SOUTH GEORGIA AND

THE SOUTH SANDWICH

ISLANDS

* SP SPAIN

 SP51 Andalucia

 SP52 Aragon

 SP34 Asturias

 SP53 Canarias

 SP39 Cantabria

 SP54 Castilla-La Mancha

 SP55 Castilla y Leon

 SP56 Cataluna

 SP57 Extremadura

 SP58 Galicia

 SP07 Islas Baleares

 SP27 La Rioja

 SP29 Madrid

 SP31 Murcia

 SP32 Navarra

 SP59 Pais Vasco

 SP60 Valenciana

 PG SPRATLY ISLANDS

 CE SRI LANKA

 CE01 Amparai
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-22

 CE02 Anuradhapura

 CE03 Badulla

 CE04 Batticaloa

 CE23 Colombo

 CE06 Galle

 CE24 Gampaha

 CE07 Hambantota

 CE25 Jaffna

 CE09 Kalutara

 CE10 Kandy

 CE11 Kegalla

 CE12 Kurunegala

 CE26 Mannar

 CE14 Matale

 CE15 Matara

 CE16 Moneragala

 CE27 Mullaittivu

 CE17 Nuwara Eliya

 CE18 Polonnaruwa

 CE19 Puttalam

 CE20 Ratnapura

 CE21 Trincomalee

 CE28 Vavuniya

 SU SUDAN

 SU26 A`ali an Nil

 SU28 Al Istiwa'iyah

 SU29 Al Khartum

 SU27 Al Wusta

 SU30 Ash Shamaliyah

 SU31 Ash Sharqiyah

 SU32 Bahr al Ghazal

 SU33 Darfur

 SU34 Kurdufan

 NS SURINAME

 NS10 Brokopondo

 NS11 Commewijne

 NS12 Coronie

 NS13 Marowijne

 NS14 Nickerie

 NS15 Para

 NS16 Paramaribo

 NS17 Saramacca

 NS18 Sipaliwini

 NS19 Wanica

 SV SVALBARD

 WZ SWAZILAND

 WZ01 Hhohho

 WZ02 Lubombo

 WZ03 Manzini

 WZ05 Praslin

 WZ04 Shiselweni

* SW SWEDEN

 SW01 Alvsborgs Lan

 SW02 Blekinge Lan

 SW03 Gavleborgs Lan

 SW04 Goteborgs och

Bohus Lan

 SW05 Gotlands Lan

 SW06 Hallands Lan

 SW07 Jamtlands Lan

 SW08 Jonkopings Lan

 SW09 Kalmar Lan

 SW10 Kopparbergs Lan

 SW11 Kristianstads Lan

 SW12 Kronobergs Lan

 SW13 Malmohus Lan

 SW14 Norrbottens Lan

 SW15 Orebro Lan

 SW16 Ostergotlands Lan

 SW17 Skaraborgs Lan

 SW18 Sodermanlands Lan

 SW26 Stockholms Lan

 SW21 Uppsala Lan

 SW22 Varmlands Lan

 SW23 Vasterbottens Lan

 SW24 Vasternorrlands Lan

 SW25 Vastmanlands Lan

* SZ SWITZERLAND

 SZ01 Aargau

 SZ02 Ausser-Rhoden

 SZ03 Basel-Landschaft

 SZ04 Basel-Stadt

 SZ05 Bern

 SZ06 Fribourg

 SZ07 Geneve

 SZ08 Glarus

 SZ09 Graubunden

 SZ10 Inner-Rhoden

 SZ26 Jura

 SZ11 Luzern

 SZ12 Neuchatel

 SZ13 Nidwalden

 SZ14 Obwalden

 SZ15 Sankt Gallen

 SZ16 Schaffhausen

 SZ17 Schwyz

 SZ18 Solothurn

 SZ19 Thurgau

 SZ20 Ticino

 SZ21 Uri

 SZ22 Valais

 SZ23 Vaud

 SZ24 Zug

 SZ25 Zurich

 SY SYRIA

 SY01 Al Hasakah

 SY02 Al Ladhiqiyah

 SY03 Al Qunaytirah

 SY04 Ar Raqqah

 SY05 As Suwayda'

 SY06 Dar`a

 SY07 Dayr az Zawr

 SY13 Dimashq

 SY09 Halab

 SY10 Hamah

 SY11 Hims

 SY12 Idlib

 SY08 Rif Dimashq

 SY14 Tartus

 TI TAJIKISTAN

 TZ TANZANIA

 TZ01 Arusha

 TZ23 Dar es Salaam

 TZ03 Dodoma

 TZ04 Iringa

 TZ05 Kigoma

 TZ06 Kilimanjaro

 TZ07 Lindi

 TZ08 Mara

 TZ09 Mbeya

 TZ10 Morogoro

 TZ11 Mtwara

 TZ12 Mwanza

 TZ13 Pemba North

 TZ20 Pemba South

 TZ02 Pwani

 TZ24 Rukwa

 TZ14 Ruvuma
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-23

 TZ15 Shinyanga

 TZ16 Singida

 TZ17 Tabora

 TZ18 Tanga

 TZ21 Zanzibar Central/South

 TZ22 Zanzibar North

 TZ25 Zanzibar Urban/West

 TZ19 Ziwa Magharibi

 

 TH THAILAND

 TH35 Ang Thong

 TH28 Buriram

 TH44 Chachoengsao

 TH32 Chai Nat

 TH26 Chaiyaphum

 TH48 Chanthaburi

 TH02 Chiang Mai

 TH03 Chiang Rai

 TH46 Chon Buri

 TH58 Chumphon

 TH23 Kalasin

 TH11 Kamphaeng Phet

 TH50 Kanchanaburi

 TH22 Khon Kaen

 TH63 Krabi

 TH40 Krung Thep

 TH06 Lampang

 TH05 Lamphun

 TH18 Loei

 TH34 Lop Buri

 TH01 Mae Hong Son

 TH24 Maha Sarakham

 TH43 Nakhon Nayok

 TH53 Nakhon Pathom

 TH21 Nakhon Phanom

 TH27 Nakhon Ratchasima

 TH16 Nakhon Sawan

 TH64 Nakhon Si Thammarat

 TH04 Nan

 TH31 Narathiwat

 TH17 Nong Khai

 TH38 Nonthaburi

 TH39 Pathum Thani

 TH69 Pattani

 TH61 Phangnga

 TH66 Phatthalung

 TH41 Phayao

 TH14 Phetchabun

 TH56 Phetchaburi

 TH13 Phichit

 TH12 Phitsanulok

 TH36 Phra Nakhon Si

Ayutthaya

 TH07 Phrae

 TH62 Phuket

 TH45 Prachin Buri

 TH57 Prachuap Khiri Khan

 TH59 Ranong

 TH52 Ratchaburi

 TH47 Rayong

 TH25 Roi Et

 TH20 Sakon Nakhon

 TH42 Samut Prakan

 TH55 Samut Sakhon

 TH54 Samut Songkhram

 TH37 Saraburi

 TH67 Satun

 TH33 Sing Buri

 TH30 Sisaket

 TH68 Songkhla

 TH09 Sukhothai

 TH51 Suphan Buri

 TH60 Surat Thani

 TH29 Surin

 TH08 Tak

 TH65 Trang

 TH49 Trat

 TH71 Ubon Ratchathani

 TH19 Udon Thani

 TH15 Uthai Thani

 TH10 Uttaradit

 TH70 Yala

 TH72 Yasothon

 TO TOGO

 TO01 Amlame

 TO02 Aneho

 TO03 Atakpame

 TO15 Badou

 TO04 Bafilo

 TO05 Bassar

 TO06 Dapaong

 TO07 Kante

 TO08 Klouto

 TO14 Kpagouda

 TO09 Lama-Kara

 TO10 Lome

 TO11 Mango

 TO12 Niamtougou

 TO13 Notse

 TO16 Sotouboua

 TO17 Tabligbo

 TO19 Tchamba

 TO20 Tchaoudjo

 TO18 Tsevie

 TO21 Vogan

 TL TOKELAU

 

 TN TONGA

 TN01 Ha`apai

 TN02 Tongatapu

 TN03 Vava`u

 TD TRINIDAD AND

TOBAGO

 TD01 Arima

 TD02 Caroni

 TD03 Mayaro

 TD04 Nariva

 TD05 Port-of-Spain

 TD06 Saint Andrew

 TD07 Saint David

 TD08 Saint George

 TD09 Saint Patrick

 TD10 San Fernando

 TD11 Tobago

 TD12 Victoria

 TE TROMELIN ISLAND

 PS TRUST TERRITORY OF

THE PACIFIC ISLANDS

(PALAU)

 TS TUNISIA

 TS14 Al Kaf

 TS15 Al Mahdiyah

 TS16 Al Munastir

 TS02 Al Qasrayn

 TS03 Al Qayrawan

 TS26 Aryanah

 TS17 Bajah

 TS18 Banzart

 TS27 Bin `Arus

 TS06 Jundubah

 TS28 Madanin

 TS19 Nabul
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-24

 TS29 Qabis

 TS10 Qafsah

 TS31 Qibili

 TS32 Safaqis

 TS33 Sidi Bu Zayd

 TS22 Silyanah

 TS23 Susah

 TS34 Tatawin

 TS35 Tawzar

 TS36 Tunis

 TS37 Zaghwan

 TU TURKEY

 TU01 Adana

 TU02 Adiyaman

 TU03 Afyon

 TU04 Agri

 TU75 Aksaray

 TU05 Amasya

 TU68 Ankara

 TU07 Antalya

 TU08 Artvin

 TU09 Aydin

 TU10 Balikesir

 TU76 Batman

 TU77 Bayburt

 TU11 Bilecik

 TU12 Bingol

 TU13 Bitlis

 TU14 Bolu

 TU15 Burdur

 TU16 Bursa

 TU17 Canakkale

 TU18 Cankiri

 TU19 Corum

 TU20 Denizli

 TU21 Diyarbakir

 TU22 Edirne

 TU23 Elazig

 TU24 Erzincan

 TU25 Erzurum

 TU26 Eskisehir

 TU27 Gaziantep

 TU28 Giresun

 TU69 Gumushane

 TU70 Hakkari

 TU31 Hatay

 TU32 Icel

 TU33 Isparta

 TU34 Istanbul

 TU35 Izmir

 TU46 Kahraman Maras

 TU78 Karaman

 TU36 Kars

 TU37 Kastamonu

 TU38 Kayseri

 TU79 Kirikkale

 TU39 Kirklareli

 TU40 Kirsehir

 TU41 Kocaeli

 TU71 Konya

 TU43 Kutahya

 TU44 Malatya

 TU45 Manisa

 TU72 Mardin

 TU48 Mugla

 TU49 Mus

 TU50 Nevsehir

 TU73 Nigde

 TU52 Ordu

 TU53 Rize

 TU54 Sakarya

 TU55 Samsun

 TU74 Siirt

 TU57 Sinop

 TU80 Sirnak

 TU58 Sivas

 TU59 Tekirdag

 TU60 Tokat

 TU61 Trabzon

 TU62 Tunceli

 TU63 Urfa

 TU64 Usak

 TU65 Van

 TU66 Yozgat

 TU67 Zonguldak

 

 TX TURKMENISTAN

 TK TURKS AND CAICOS

ISLANDS

 TV TUVALU

 UG UGANDA

 UG05 Busoga

 UG18 Central

 UG20 Eastern

 UG08 Karamoja

 UG21 Nile

 UG22 North Buganda

 UG23 Northern

 UG12 South Buganda

 UG24 Southern

 UG25 Western

* UP UKRAINE

 UP01 Cherkas'ka Oblast'

 UP02 Chernihivs'ka Oblast'

 UP03 Chernivets'ka Oblast'

 UP04 Dnipropetrovs'ka

Oblast'

 UP05 Donets'ka Oblast'

 UP06 Ivano-Frankivs'ka

Oblast'

 UP07 Kharkivs'ka Oblast'

 UP08 Khersons'ka Oblast'

 UP09 Khmel'nyts'ka Oblast'

 UP10 Kirovohrads'ka Oblast'

 UP11 Krym, Respublika

 UP12 Kyyiv, Misto

 UP13 Kyyivs'ka Oblast'

 UP14 Luhans'ka Oblast'

 UP15 L'vivs'ka Oblast'

 UP16 Mykolayivs'ka Oblast'

 UP17 Odes'ka Oblast'

 UP18 Poltavs'ka Oblast'

 UP19 Rivnens'ka Oblast'

 UP20 Sevastopol', Misto

 UP21 Sums'ka Oblast'

 UP22 Ternopil's'ka Oblast'

 UP23 Vinnyts'ka Oblast'

 UP24 Volyns'ka Oblast'

 UP25 Zakarpats'ka Oblast'

 UP26 Zaporiz'ka Oblast'

 UP27 Zhytomyrs'ka Oblast'

 TC UNITED ARAB

EMIRATES

 TC01 Abu Zaby

 TC02 `Ajman

 TC04 Al Fujayrah

 TC06 Ash Shariqah

 TC03 Dubayy

 TC05 Ra's al Khaymah

 TC07 Umm al Qaywayn
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 BB-25

* UK UNITED KINGDOM

 UK01 Avon

 UK02 Bedford

 UK03 Berkshire

 UK04 Buckingham

 UK05 Cambridge

 UK06 Cheshire

 UK07 Cleveland

 UK08 Cornwall

 UK09 Cumbria

 UK10 Derby

 UK11 Devon

 UK12 Dorset

 UK13 Durham

 UK14 East Sussex

 UK15 Essex

 UK16 Gloucester

 UK17 Greater London

 UK18 Greater Manchester

 UK19 Hampshire

 UK20 Hereford and

Worcester

 UK21 Hertford

 UK22 Humberside

 UK23 Isle of Wight

 UK24 Kent

 UK25 Lancashire

 UK26 Leicester

 UK27 Lincoln

 UK28 Merseyside

 UK29 Norfolk

 UK31 Northampton

 UK32 Northumberland

 UK30 North Yorkshire

 UK33 Nottingham

 UK34 Oxford

 UK35 Shropshire

 UK36 Somerset

 UK37 South Yorkshire

 UK38 Stafford

 UK39 Suffolk

 UK40 Surrey

 UK41 Tyne and Wear

 UK42 Warwick

 UK43 West Midlands

 UK44 West Sussex

 UK45 West Yorkshire

 UK46 Wiltshire

 UK52 Antrim

 UK53 Ards

 UK54 Armagh

 UK55 Ballymena

 UK56 Ballymoney

 UK57 Banbridge

 UK58 Belfast

 UK59 Carrickfergus

 UK60 Castlereagh

 UK61 Coleraine

 UK62 Cookstown

 UK63 Craigavon

 UK64 Down

 UK65 Dungannon

 UK66 Fermanagh

 UK67 Larne

 UK68 Limavady

 UK69 Lisburn

 UK70 Londonderry

 UK71 Magherafelt

 UK72 Moyle

 UK73 Newry and Mourne

 UK74 Newtownabbey

 UK75 North Down

 UK76 Omagh

 UK77 Strabane

 UK78 Borders

 UK79 Central

 UK80 Dumfries and

Galloway

 UK81 Fife

 UK82 Grampian

 UK83 Highland

 UK84 Lothian

 UK85 Orkney

 UK86 Shetland

 UK87 Strathclyde

 UK88 Tayside

 UK89 Western Isles

 UK90 Clwyd

 UK91 Dyfed

 UK92 Gwent

 UK93 Gwynedd

 UK94 Mid Glamorgan

 UK95 Powys

 UK96 South Glamorgan

 UK97 West Glamorgan

* US UNITED STATES

* US01 Alabama

* US02 Alaska

* US04 Arizona

* US05 Arkansas

* US06 California

* US08 Colorado

* US09 Connecticut

* US10 Delaware

* US11 District of Columbia

* US12 Florida

* US13 Georgia

* US15 Hawaii

* US16 Idaho

* US17 Illinois

* US18 Indiana

* US19 Iowa

* US20 Kansas

* US21 Kentucky

* US22 Louisiana

* US23 Maine

* US24 Maryland

* US25 Massachusetts

* US26 Michigan

* US27 Minnesota

* US28 Mississippi

* US29 Missouri

* US30 Montana

* US31 Nebraska

* US32 Nevada

* US33 New Hampshire

* US34 New Jersey

* US35 New Mexico

* US36 New York

* US37 North Carolina

* US38 North Dakota

* US39 Ohio

* US40 Oklahoma

* US41 Oregon

* US42 Pennsylvania

* US44 Rhode Island

* US45 South Carolina

* US46 South Dakota

* US47 Tennessee

* US48 Texas

* US49 Utah

* US50 Vermont

* US51 Virginia

* US53 Washington

* US54 West Virginia

* US55 Wisconsin
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 CC-1

* US56 Wyoming

 UY URUGUAY

 UY01 Artigas

 UY02 Canelones

 UY03 Cerro Largo

 UY04 Colonia

 UY05 Durazno

 UY06 Flores

 UY07 Florida

 UY08 Lavalleja

 UY09 Maldonado

 UY10 Montevideo

 UY11 Paysandu

 UY12 Rio Negro

 UY13 Rivera

 UY14 Rocha

 UY15 Salto

 UY16 San Jose

 UY17 Soriano

 UY18 Tacuarembo

 UY19 Treinta y Tres

 

 UZ UZBEKISTAN

 NH VANUATU

 NH05 Ambrym

 NH06 Aoba/Maewo

 NH07 Banks/Torres

 NH08 Efate

 NH09 Epi

 NH10 Malakula

 NH11 Paama

 NH12 Pentecote

 NH13 Santo/Malo

 NH14 Shepherd

 NH15 Tafea

 VT VATICAN CITY

 VE VENEZUELA

 VE01 Amazonas

 VE02 Anzoategui

 VE03 Apure

 VE04 Aragua

 VE05 Barinas

 VE06 Bolivar

 VE07 Carabobo

 VE08 Cojedes

 VE09 Delta Amacuro

 VE24 Dependencias

Federales

 VE10 Distrito Federal

 VE11 Falcon

 VE12 Guarico

 VE13 Lara

 VE14 Merida

 VE15 Miranda

 VE16 Monagas

 VE17 Nueva Esparta

 VE18 Portuguesa

 VE19 Sucre

 VE20 Tachira

 VE21 Trujillo

 VE22 Yaracuy

 VE23 Zulia

 VM VIETNAM

 VM43 An Giang

 VM53 Ba Ria-Vung Tau

 VM02 Bac Thai

 VM03 Ben Tre

 VM54 Binh Dinh

 VM55 Binh Thuan

 VM56 Can Tho

 VM05 Cao Bang

 VM44 Dac Lac

 VM45 Dong Nai

 VM46 Dong Thap

 VM57 Gia Lai

 VM11 Ha Bac

 VM58 Ha Giang

 VM51 Ha Noi

 VM59 Ha Tay

 VM60 Ha Tinh

 VM12 Hai Hung

 VM13 Hai Phong

 VM52 Ho Chi Minh

 VM61 Hoa Binh

 VM62 Khanh Hoa

 VM47 Kien Giang

 VM63 Kon Tum

 VM22 Lai Chau

 VM23 Lam Dong

 VM39 Lang Son

 VM64 Lao Cai

 VM24 Long An

 VM48 Minh Hai

 VM65 Nam Ha

 VM66 Nghe An

 VM67 Ninh Binh

 VM68 Ninh Thuan

 VM69 Phu Yen

 VM70 Quang Binh

 VM29 Quang Nam-Da Nang

 VM71 Quang Ngai

 VM30 Quang Ninh

 VM72 Quang Tri

 VM73 Soc Trang

 VM49 Song Be

 VM32 Son La

 VM33 Tay Ninh

 VM35 Thai Binh

 VM34 Thanh Hoa

 VM74 Thua Thien

 VM37 Tien Giang

 VM75 Tra Vinh

 VM76 Tuyen Quang

 VM77 Vinh Long

 VM50 Vinh Phu

 VM78 Yen Bai

* VQ VIRGIN ISLANDS

WQ WAKE ISLAND

 WF WALLIS AND FUTUNA

 

 WE WEST BANK

 WI WESTERN SAHARA

 WS WESTERN SAMOA

 WS01 A`ana

 WS02 Aiga-i-le-Tai

 WS03 Atua

 WS04 Fa`asaleleaga

 WS05 Gaga`emauga

 WS07 Gagaifomauga

 WS08 Palauli

 WS09 Satupa`itea

 WS10 Tuamasaga

 WS06 Va`a-o-Fonoti

 WS11 Vaisigano

 YM YEMEN

 YM01 Abyan

 YM02 `Adan

 YM07 Al Bayda'

 YM08 Al Hudaydah
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 DD-1

 YM09 Al Jawf

 YM03 Al Mahrah

 YM10 Al Mahwit

 YM11 Dhamar

 YM04 Hadramawt

 YM12 Hajjah

 YM13 Ibb

 YM06 Lahij

 YM14 Ma'rib

 YM05 Shabwah

 YM15 Sa`dah

 YM16 San`a'

 YM17 Ta`izz

 CG ZAIRE

 CG01 Bandundu

 CG08 Bas-Zaire

 CG02 Equateur

 CG09 Haut-Zaire

 CG03 Kasai-Occidental

 CG04 Kasai-Oriental

 CG06 Kinshasa

 CG07 Kivu

 CG05 Shaba

 

 G1ZA ZAMBIA

 ZA02 Central

 ZA08 Copperbelt

 ZA03 Eastern

 ZA04 Luapula

 ZA09 Lusaka

 ZA05 Northern

 ZA06 North-Western

 ZA07 Southern

 ZA01 Western

 ZI ZIMBABWE

 ZI01 Manicaland

 ZI03 Mashonaland Central

 ZI04 Mashonaland East

 ZI05 Mashonaland West

 ZI06 Matabeleland North

 ZI07 Matabeleland South

 ZI02 Midlands

 ZI08 Masvingo

 TW TAIWAN

 TW01 Fu-chien

 TW02 Kao-hsiung

 TW03 T'ai-pei

 TW04 T'ai-wan
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 DD-1

Appendix CC. AQUIRE Field Name Codes

Field Name Remark Abbreviation

Grade GRADE

Purity PURITY

Formulation FO

Characteristics CHAR

Radiolabel RADIO

Carrier or Solvent CARRIER

Solvent Grade SOLVGRADE

Solvent Purity SOLVPURITY

Solvent

Formulation

SOLVFO

Solvent

Characteristics

SOLVCHAR

Media FW,SW

Location LAB,FIELD

Organism Char LIFESTG

Control CONTR

Response Site SITE 

Effect In EE Remark

Trend TREND

Endpt In EE Remark

Measurement In EE Remark

Signif SIGNIF

Level LEVEL

Concentration CONC

BCF BCF

Exposure Time TIME

Field Name Remark Abbreviation

Exposure Type TYPE

Method Conc CONC

Temperature TEMP

Hardness HARD

Alkalinity ALK

Dissolved Oxygen DO

pH PH

Salinity SALIN

Conductivity COND

Organic C ORG C

Habitat Descr HAB

Substrate Info SUBSTR

Water Depth DEPTH

Location LOC

Sta/Pro/Country NONE

Latitude LAT

Longitude LONG

AP Type AP TY

AP Frequency AP FREQ

AP Rate AP RATE

Half Life HALF

AP Season AP SEAS

AP Date AP DATE
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 DD-1

Appendix DD. Terretox Field Name Codes

I. Quality Assurance Parameters

Field Name Coding Sheet Abbreviation Remarks Abbreviation

Reference Number REF #, AUTHOR, YEAR none

Total Tests TOTAL TESTS none

Reviewer/Date REVIEWER, DATE none

QA Date/Initials QA DATE, INITIALS none

TestNumber TEST ID none

II. Test Chemical Parameters

Field Name Coding Sheet Abbreviation Remarks Abbreviations

Chemical Name, Type TEST, POSITIVE CONTROL,

CARRIER

none, PC

CARRIER

Grade GRADE GRADE

Purity PURITY none

Formulation FORMULATION FO

Comments CHARACTERSTICS CHAR

Radiolabel RADIOLAB RADIO

CAS number CAS # none
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 DD-2

III. Test Information

Field Name Coding Sheet Abbreviation Remarks Abbreviations

Species Number/Latin Name SPECIES #/LATIN NAME none

Organism Source ORG SOURCE SOURCE

Lifestage/Age LIFESTG/AGE LIFESTG/ AGE

Organism Characteristics ORG CHAR OCHAR

Test Location TEST LOCATION LOC

Exposure Type EXPO TYPE TYPE

Control CONTROL TYPE CONTR

Number of Doses DOSE NUM DNUM

Application Frequency APPL FREQUENCY AP FREQ

Exposure Duration EXPOSURE DURATION ETIME

Study Duration STUDY DURATION STIME

Media Type MEDIA TYPE MEDIA

Soil Type SOIL TYPE SOIL

Soil Texture SOIL TEXTURE TEXTURE

Media pH MEDIA PH pH

Media Organic Matter MEDIA ORGANIC MATTER OM

Media Moisture MEDIA MOISTURE MOIST

Media CEC MEDIA CEC CEC

Soil Concentration Measured/

Concentration measured on Dry

or Wet Basis

SOIL CONC MEASURED

DRY-WET WEIGHT

none

Remarks REMARKS none

Experimental Design --- EDES

Other Effects none OEF
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 DD-3

IV. Exposure Information

Field Name Coding Sheet Abbreviation Remarks Abbreviation

Dose Number DOSE NO none

Dose ID DOSE ID none

Sample Number N none

 Gender SEX SEX

Exposure Dose and Unit DOSE/UNIT DOSE/ DUNIT

Ion ION ION

Chemical Analysis Method METHOD ANALYSIS

Remark Number RN none

Remarks REMARKS none
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 DD-4

V. Results Information

Field Name Coding Sheet Abbreviation Remarks Abbreviation

Dose Number/ID DOSE NO/ID none

Sample Number and Unit N/UNIT SAMPN/ NUNIT

Observation Time O OTIME

Effect EFFECT EFCT

Effect Measurement MEASMENT MSMT

Endpoint/Assigned ENDPT/ASG ENDPT

Result Set R none

Statistical Significance SIG/NSIG SIGNIF

Level LEVEL none

Paper/Reviewer Assigned Data P R none

Response Site RESP SITE RSITE

Observed Response Value/ Unit OBSERV RESPONSE

VALUE/UNIT

RVALUE

RUNIT

Dry or Wet Weight DW % DW

Percent Lipid %LIPID LD

Remark Number RN none

Remarks REMARKS none
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 EE-1

Appendix EE. Organic Matter Type and Units

Organic Matter Types

Code Definition

ASH

C

C:N

CPON

Cox

DOC

HUM

LOI

N

NR

OC

OM

POC

POM

TOC

peat

Ash Free Dry Mass

Carbon

Carbon to Nitrogen Ratio

Carbon Particulate Organic Matter

Oxidized Carbon

Dissolved Organic Carbon

Humus

Loss On Ignition

Nitrogen

Not Reported

Organic Carbon

Organic Matter

Particulate Organic Carbon

Particulate Organic Matter

Total Organic Carbon

Peat

Organic Matter Units

Code Definition

%

NR

cmol/kg

g

g/100g

g/kg

mg/g soil

mg/100g soil

mg/kg soil

umol/g LIT

percent

not reported

centimoles per kilogram

grams

grams per 100 grams

grams per kilogram

milligrams per gram soil

milligrams per 100 grams of soil

milligrams per kilogram soil

micromoles per gram litter
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 FF-1

Appendix FF. Cation Exchange Capacity Units

Dose Definition

NR

cmol/kg

cmol+/kg

cmol P+/kg

me/100g

meq

meq A/100 g

meq mg/g

meq/100g

meq/kg

mmol/100g

mmol/kg

mmol K+/kg

mval/100g

not reported

centimoles per kilogram soil

centimoles + ions per kilogram soil

centimoles P+ per kilogram soil

milliequivalents per 100 grams s

milliequivalents

milliequivalents NH4 per 100 g

milliequivalent milligrams per g

milliequivalents per 100 grams s

milliequivalents per kilogram

millimoles per 100 grams soil

millimoles per kilogram soil

millimoles K+ per kilogram soil

millivalue per 100 grams (mval=ppm*(ion charge)/(atomic

weight) 
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 GG-1

Appendix GG. AQUIRE Concentration Types

Code Description Definition

Organic

A Active ingredient Chemical substance in a product that is responsible for

the pesticidal (toxic) effect (Ware, 1978). Reported as

"A" when the author refers to the concentration as active

ingredient, active principle or various grades of reagents

(ie., Analytical, Reagent or Technical). When coding, a

value in the publication may be reported as “AI kg/ha” or

“kg AI/ha”; in AQUIRE this type of value is reported as ‘A

=’ for CONC TYPE, with units as kg/ha. For example,

100 kg AI/ha is reported as A = 100 kg/ha.

F Formulation Way in which basic pesticide (toxicant) is prepared for

practical use (Ware, 1978). Generally reserved for

commercial preparation prior to actual use and does not

include the final dilution (Insect-Pest Management and

Control, 1971) (e.g.; Baythroid, 2,4-D). Also included in

this category are organic compounds with no pesticidal

activity (e.g.; PCB, dioxin).

Metal/Organomentals

D Dissolved Those constituents of an unacidified sample that pass

through a 0.45 um membrane filter (e.g. soluble metal)

(APHA et.al. 1992).

L Labile The labile or free ion metal concentration determined by

various analytical methods. When coding, the specific

labile forms or complexes are not differentiated
ECOTOX Code Appendix

MED ECOTOXICOLOGY DATABASE SOPS DECEMBER 2003 GG-2

T Total The concentration of metals determined on an unfiltered

sample after vigorous digestion, or the sum of the

concentrations of metals in both dissolved and

suspended fractions ( APHA et.al. 1992). Heavy metals

and single elements (e.g. Na, Cl, Br) are coded as T.

Code Description Definition

Inorganic non-metals

T Total The dissociated, charged form of nitrogen or hydrogen

related chemicals. This can take on numerous forms,

e.g.; ammonium (NH+4), nitrite (NO-2), etc. (Rand and

Petrocelli, 1985).T is the default for publications that do

not state whether Total or Unionized concentrations are

reported.

U Unionized The undissociated, uncharged form of ammonia or

hydrogen sulfide. The ammonia molecule, NH3, is the

unionized form. (In aqueous solution, ammonia assumes

an equilibrium between NH3 and NH+

4

.) The NH3 is the

toxic entity of the ammonia compound (Rand and

Petrocelli, 1985).