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# Submission Report

Submission Information Submission ID : 25337678 Submission Name : EHPV program submission for PDC CAS # 89-00-9 AR Number : 

## Chemical Information CAS Number : 89-00-9 Ninth Collective Index Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid Supporting Chemicals : (102268-15-5) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-e thyl
## Submitter Information Submitter's Name : EXPONENT, INC. Address : 1800 Diagonal Road, Suite 500 City : Alexandria State : VA ZIP/Postal Code : 22314 Country : US Type of Submitter : Company 

## Technical Point of Contact Information Technical Point of Contact : Jane P. Staveley Title : Senior Managing Scientist Phone Number : 919-961-0987 Fax Number : E-Mail Address : jstaveley@exponent.com 

## Additional Technical Point of Contact Information Technical Point of Contact : Title : Phone Number : Fax Number : E-Mail Address : 

## Sponsor Information Sponsor's Name : BASF Corp Address : 1609 Biddle Ave City : Wyandotte State : MI ZIP/Postal Code : 48192 Country : US Phone Number : 734-324-6212 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintFax Number : E-Mail Address : ralph.parod@basf.com Type of Sponsor : Company 

## Technical Point of Contact Information Technical Point of Contact : Ralph Parod Title : Senior Toxicologist Phone Number : Fax Number : E-Mail Address : 

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## Melting Point CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Melting Point Test Substance: (102268-15-5) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-ethy lTest Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: 5-ethylpyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: See Test Plan and Category Analysis
Test Substance Result Type: Estimated 

### Results - Melting Point Melting Indicator: Melting Point Value/Range (Temperature): circa 157 °C

Results Remarks: MPBPVP (v1.43) Program Results:
=============================== Experimental Database Structure Match: no data SMILES : O=C(c1cc(cnc1C(=O)O)CC)OCHEM : 2,3-PYRIDINEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, 5-ETHYLMOL FOR: C9 H9 N1 O4 MOL WT : 195.18 ------------------------ SUMMARY MPBVP v1.43 ------

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Boiling Point: 380.01 deg C (Adapted Stein and Bro wn Method) Melting Point: 349.84 deg C (Adapted Joback Method ) Melting Point: 108.23 deg C (Gold and Ogle Method) Mean Melt Pt : 229.03 deg C (Joback; Gold,Ogle Methods) Selected MP: 156.55 deg C (Weighted Value)


### Study/Method - Melting Point Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Year Study Performed:
Method/Guideline Followed: Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: Estimated using MPBPWIN v1.43 in EPIWIN v4.0.

GLP: Not Applicable Study Reference: EPI Suite, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 20 00 -2007. 

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### Reliability/Data Quality - Melting Point Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Acceptable model used to estimate results. 

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## Melting Point CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Melting Point Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: Purity of 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid is 99.7%; 0.2% impurity of 3-pyridinecarboxylic acid (nicotin ic acid), Lot number 080319 Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Measured
Test Substance Result Type: Measured 

### Results - Melting Point Melting Indicator: Melts Melting Point Value/Range (Temperature): 185 - 190 °C

Results Remarks: Due to a slow temperature rise, the test substance formed fine droplets that adhered uniformly to the wall of the tube at the beginning of melting until all particles became liquid at the end of melting. During the determination of the melting temperature, the temperatures are recorded at the beginning of the melting and at the final stage. Th e melting point range of 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Ac id was found to be 185°C - 190°C. 

### Study/Method - Melting Point Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Key Year Study Performed: 2008 Method/Guideline Followed: OECD 102 Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: The test substance is packed into a capillary tube, fused at one end, to a height of approximately 3 mm. The measurement is performed by dropping the capillary tube containing sample into a melting poi nt apparatus. The bath was heated with stirring. Watching through a magnified glass, the temperature is recorded when the sample begins to melt and when it has become completely liquid. OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals #102 Capillary Tube in a Liquid Bath Method using a Thom as Hoover Capillary Melting Point Apparatus GLP: No Study Reference: Drew, M. 2008. Determination of melting point of 2 ,3 -pyridine dicarboxylic acid by OECD guideline for t he testing of chemicals #102 capillary tube in a liqui d bath method. BASF DocID 2008/7009356. BASF Corporation, 26 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park , 

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### Reliability/Data Quality - Melting Point Reliability: 1 - Valid Without Restrictions Reliability Remarks: 

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## Boiling Point CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Boiling Point Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: Pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Test Substance Result Type: Estimated 

### Results - Boiling Point Boiling Indicator: Boiling Point Value/Range (Temperature): circa 357 °C

Results Remarks: MPBPVP (v1.43) Program Results:
=============================== Experimental Database Structure Match: Name : QUINOLINIC ACID CAS Num : 000089-00-9 Exp MP (deg C): 228.5 Exp BP (deg C): --- Exp VP (mm Hg): --- SMILES : O=C(O)c(cccn1)c1C(=O)O CHEM : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid MOL FOR: C7 H5 N1 O4 MOL WT : 167.12 ------------------------ SUMMARY MPBVP v1.43 ------

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Boiling Point: 356.81 deg C (Adapted Stein and Bro wn Method) Melting Point: 327.17 deg C (Adapted Joback Method ) Melting Point: 94.68 deg C (Gold and Ogle Method) Mean Melt Pt : 210.92 deg C (Joback; Gold,Ogle Methods) Selected MP: 141.18 deg C (Weighted Value) 

### Study/Method - Boiling Point Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Year Study Performed:
Method/Guideline Followed: Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: Estimation using MPBPWIN v1.43 in EPIWIN v4.0. Measured data for melting point and water solubility were entered; for all other input parameters, the default values in EPIWIN were used. 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintGLP: Not Applicable Study Reference: EPI Suite, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 20 00 -2007. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Boiling Point Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Acceptable model used for estimation. 

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## Boiling Point CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Boiling Point Test Substance: (102268-15-5) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-ethy lTest Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: 5-ethylpyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: See Test Plan and Category Analysis
Test Substance Result Type: Estimated 

### Results - Boiling Point Boiling Indicator: Boiling Point Value/Range (Temperature): circa 380 °C

Results Remarks: MPBPVP (v1.43) Program Results:
=============================== Experimental Database Structure Match: no data SMILES : O=C(c1cc(cnc1C(=O)O)CC)OCHEM : 2,3-PYRIDINEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, 5-ETHYLMOL FOR: C9 H9 N1 O4 MOL WT : 195.18 ------------------------ SUMMARY MPBVP v1.43 ------

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Boiling Point: 380.01 deg C (Adapted Stein and Bro wn Method) Melting Point: 349.84 deg C (Adapted Joback Method ) Melting Point: 108.23 deg C (Gold and Ogle Method) Mean Melt Pt : 229.03 deg C (Joback; Gold,Ogle Methods) Selected MP: 156.55 deg C (Weighted Value) 

### Study/Method - Boiling Point Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Year Study Performed:
Method/Guideline Followed: Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: Estimated using MPBPWIN v1.43 in EPIWIN v4.0.

GLP: Not Applicable Study Reference: EPI Suite, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 20 00 -2007. 

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### Reliability/Data Quality - Boiling Point Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Acceptable model used to estimate results. 

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## Vapor Pressure CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Vapor Pressure Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: Pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Test Substance Result Type: Estimated 

### Results - Vapor Pressure Vapor Pressure Value/Range (Pressure): circa 2.59E-6 hPa @ Temperature: 25 °C

Results Remarks: MPBPVP (v1.43) Program Results:
=============================== Experimental Database Structure Match: Name : QUINOLINIC ACID CAS Num : 000089-00-9 Exp MP (deg C): 228.5 Exp BP (deg C): --- Exp VP (mm Hg): --- SMILES : O=C(O)c(cccn1)c1C(=O)O CHEM : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid MOL FOR: C7 H5 N1 O4 MOL WT : 167.12 ------------------------ SUMMARY MPBVP v1.43 ------

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Boiling Point: 356.81 deg C (Adapted Stein and Bro wn Method) Melting Point: 327.17 deg C (Adapted Joback Method ) Melting Point: 94.68 deg C (Gold and Ogle Method) Mean Melt Pt : 210.92 deg C (Joback; Gold,Ogle Methods) Selected MP: 141.18 deg C (Weighted Value) Vapor Pressure Estimations (25 deg C): (Using BP: 356.81 deg C (estimated)) (Using MP: 185.00 deg C (user entered)) VP: 8.28E-007 mm Hg (Antoine Method) : 0.00011 Pa (Antoine Method) VP: 1.94E-006 mm Hg (Modified Grain Method) : 0.000259 Pa (Modified Grain Method) VP: 4.73E-006 mm Hg (Mackay Method) : 0.00063 Pa (Mackay Method) Selected VP: 1.94E-006 mm Hg (Modified Grain Metho d) : 0.000259 Pa (Modified Grain Method) Subcooled liquid VP: 9.1E-005 mm Hg (25 deg C, Mod

Grain method) : 0.0121 Pa (25 deg C, Mod-Grain method)


### Study/Method - Vapor Pressure 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintKey Study Sponsor Indicator: Year Study Performed:
Method/Guideline Followed: Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: Estimation using MPBPWIN v1.43 in EPIWIN v4.0. Measured data for melting point and water solubilit y were entered; for all other input parameters, the default values in EPIWIN were used GLP: Not Applicable Study Reference: EPI Suite, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 20 00 -2007. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Vapor Pressure Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Acceptable model used for estimation. 

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## Vapor Pressure CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Vapor Pressure Test Substance: (102268-15-5) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-ethy lTest Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: 5-ethylpyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: See Test Plan and Category Analysis
Test Substance Result Type: Estimated 

### Results - Vapor Pressure Vapor Pressure Value/Range (Pressure): circa 1.51E-6 hPa

Results Remarks: MPBPVP (v1.43) Program Results:
=============================== Experimental Database Structure Match: no data SMILES : O=C(c1cc(cnc1C(=O)O)CC)OCHEM : 2,3-PYRIDINEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, 5-ETHYLMOL FOR: C9 H9 N1 O4 MOL WT : 195.18 ------------------------ SUMMARY MPBVP v1.43 ------

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Boiling Point: 380.01 deg C (Adapted Stein and Bro wn Method) Melting Point: 349.84 deg C (Adapted Joback Method ) Melting Point: 108.23 deg C (Gold and Ogle Method) Mean Melt Pt : 229.03 deg C (Joback; Gold,Ogle Methods) Selected MP: 156.55 deg C (Weighted Value) Vapor Pressure Estimations (25 deg C): (Using BP: 380.01 deg C (estimated)) (Using MP: 156.55 deg C (estimated)) VP: 3.45E-007 mm Hg (Antoine Method) : 4.59E-005 Pa (Antoine Method) VP: 1.14E-006 mm Hg (Modified Grain Method) : 0.000152 Pa (Modified Grain Method) VP: 2.56E-006 mm Hg (Mackay Method) : 0.000341 Pa (Mackay Method) Selected VP: 1.14E-006 mm Hg (Modified Grain Metho d) : 0.000152 Pa (Modified Grain Method) Subcooled liquid VP: 2.53E-005 mm Hg (25 deg C, Mo dGrain method) : 0.00337 Pa (25 deg C, Mod-Grain method) 

### Study/Method - Vapor Pressure Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Year Study Performed: 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintMethod/Guideline Followed: Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: Estimated using MPBPWIN v1.43 in EPIWIN v4.0.

GLP: Not Applicable Study Reference: EPI Suite, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 20 00 -2007. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Vapor Pressure Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Acceptable model used to estimate results. 

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## Partition Coefficient CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid



### Test Substance - Partition Coefficient Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: Pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Test Substance Result Type: Estimated 

### Results - Partition Coefficient Partition Coefficient Value/Range (Log K ow ): circa -0.12

Results Remarks: KOWWIN Program (v1.67) Results:
=============================== Log Kow(version 1.67 estimate): -0.12 SMILES : O=C(O)c(cccn1)c1C(=O)O CHEM : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid MOL FOR: C7 H5 N1 O4 MOL WT : 167.12 -------+-----+-------------------------------------

-- -----+---------+-------- TYPE | NUM | LOGKOW FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE -------+-----+-------------------------------------

-- -----+---------+-------- Frag | 5 | Aromatic Carbon | 0.2940 | 1.470 0 Frag | 1 | Aromatic Nitrogen |-0.7324 | -0.732 4 Frag | 2 | -COOH [acid, aromatic attach] |-0.1186 | -0.2372 Factor| 2 | Ring reaction -> ortho to aromatic acid |-0.3425 | -0.6850Factor| 1 | Pyridine ring (nonfused) correction |-0.1621 | -0.1621 Const | | Equation Constant | | 0.229 0 -------+-----+-------------------------------------

-- -----+---------+-------- Log Kow = -0.1177 

### Study/Method - Partition Coefficient Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Year Study Performed:
Method/Guideline Followed: 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintMethod/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: Estimation using KOWWIN v1.67 in EPIWIN v4.0. Measured data for melting point and water solubilit y were entered; for all other input parameters, the default values in EPIWIN were used. GLP: Not Applicable Study Reference: EPI Suite, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 20 00 -2007. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Partition Coefficient Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Acceptable model used for estimation. 

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## Partition Coefficient CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid



### Test Substance - Partition Coefficient Test Substance: (102268-15-5) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-ethy lTest Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: 5-ethylpyridine-2,3-dicarboxcylic acid

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: See Test Plan and Category Analysis
Test Substance Result Type: Estimated 

### Results - Partition Coefficient Partition Coefficient Value/Range (Log K ow ): circa 0.92 @ Temperature: 25 °C

Results Remarks: KOWWIN Program (v1.67) Results:
=============================== Log Kow(version 1.67 estimate): 0.92 SMILES : O=C(c1cc(cnc1C(=O)O)CC)OCHEM : 2,3-PYRIDINEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, 5-ETHYLMOL FOR: C9 H9 N1 O4 MOL WT : 195.18 -------+-----+-------------------------------------

-- -----+---------+-------- TYPE | NUM | LOGKOW FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE -------+-----+-------------------------------------

-- -----+---------+-------- Frag | 1 | -CH3 [aliphatic carbon] | 0.5473 | 0.5473 Frag | 1 | -CH2- [aliphatic carbon] | 0.4911 | 0.4911 Frag | 5 | Aromatic Carbon | 0.2940 | 1.470 0 Frag | 1 | Aromatic Nitrogen |-0.7324 | -0.732 4 Frag | 2 | -COOH [acid, aromatic attach] |-0.1186 | -0.2372 Factor| 2 | Ring reaction -> ortho to aromatic acid |-0.3425 | -0.6850Factor| 1 | Pyridine ring (nonfused) correction |-0.1621 | -0.1621 Const | | Equation Constant | | 0.229 0 -------+-----+-------------------------------------

-- -----+---------+-------- Log Kow = 0.9207 

### Study/Method - Partition Coefficient Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Year Study Performed:
Method/Guideline Followed: 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintMethod/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: Estimated using KOWWIN v1.67 in EPIWIN v4.0.

GLP: Not Applicable Study Reference:



### Reliability/Data Quality - Partition Coefficient Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Acceptable model used to estimate results. 

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## Water Solubility CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid



### Test Substance - Water Solubility Test Substance: (102268-15-5) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-ethy lTest Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: 5-ethylpyridine-2,3-dicarboxclic acid

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: See Test Plan and Category Analysis
Test Substance Result Type: Estimated 

### Results - Water Solubility Water Solubility Indicator: Water Solubility Value/Range (Solubility): circa 7573 mg/L @ Temperature: 25 °C

pH Value: pKa - Protein Kinase: pH Value at Saturation: Results Remarks: Water Sol from Kow (WSKOW v1.41) Results:
======================================== Water Sol: 7573 mg/L SMILES : O=C(c1cc(cnc1C(=O)O)CC)OCHEM : 2,3-PYRIDINEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, 5-ETHYLMOL FOR: C9 H9 N1 O4 MOL WT : 195.18 ---------------------------------- WSKOW v1.41 Results ------------------------ Log Kow (estimated) : 0.92 Log Kow (experimental): not available from databas e Log Kow used by Water solubility estimates: 0.92 Equation Used to Make Water Sol estimate: Log S (mol/L) = 0.796 - 0.854 log Kow - 0.00728 MW + Correction (used when Melting Point NOT available) Correction(s): Value

-------------------- ----- Acid, aromatic 0.000 Log Water Solubility (in moles/L) : -1.411 Water Solubility at 25 deg C (mg/L): 7573 

### Study/Method - Water Solubility Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Year Study Performed: 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintMethod/Guideline Followed: Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: Estimated using WSKOW v1.41 in EPIWIN v4.0.

GLP: Not Applicable Study Reference: EPI Suite, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 20 00 -2007. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Water Solubility Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Acceptable model used to estimate results. 

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## Water Solubility CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid



### Test Substance - Water Solubility Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid - Aceto Corporation Lot 080319 and Purity of 99.7%. 3-pyridinecarboxyli c acid (nicotinic acid) is present in the test substance at 0.2%. Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Measured
Test Substance Result Type: Measured 

### Results - Water Solubility Water Solubility Indicator: Soluble Water Solubility Value/Range (Solubility): = 9.56 g/L @ Temperature: 22 °C

pH Value: Value/Lower Range: = 2.53 pKa - Protein Kinase: pH Value at Saturation: Results Remarks: The water solubility determined in the preliminary test was 9.35 g/L. The water solubility determined in the Flask Method was based upon an average of three measurements: 24 hr: 9.78 g/L 48 hr: 9.48 g/L 36 hr: 9.43 g/L density H2O at 22°C = 0.9978 g/mL Average Conc. (g/L) = 9.56 Average Conc. (%) = 0.96 The 24 hr. sample prep pH = 2.53. 

### Study/Method - Water Solubility Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Key Year Study Performed: 2008 Method/Guideline Followed: OECD 105 Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: The water solubility for 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid (PDC) was determined using OECD Guideline 105 using the Flask Method. A preliminary test was used to estimate the quantity of PDC needed to saturate a known volume of water. The final test was conducted by accurately weighing 5g of PDC into each of three 100 mL volumetric flasks that were diluted to volum e with distilled deionized water. Each flask was plac ed on a magnetic stir plate. After 24 hours stirring, 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintone flask was filtered, diluted, and assayed using HPLC. The other two flasks were treated similarly and tested at intervals of 48 and 36 hours. All testing was conducted at ambient termperature (22°C). The water solubility was calculated based on comparison of a standard of known purity using an external standard calculation. The test is considered satisfactory when the concentrations measured in at least the last two test flasks do not differ by mor e than 15%.

GLP: No Study Reference: Drew, M. 2008. Determination of water solubility of 2,3-pyridine dicarboxylic acid by OECD guideline fo r the testing of chemicals #105 flask method. BASF DocID 2008/7009357. BASF Corporation, 26 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Water Solubility Reliability: 1 - Valid Without Restrictions Reliability Remarks: 

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## Photodegradation CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid



### Test Substance - Photodegradation Test Substance: (102268-15-5) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-ethy lTest Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: 5-ethylpyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: See Test Plan and Category Analysis
Test Substance Result Type: Estimated 

### Results - Photodegradation Photodegradation Result Description: Indirect Photolysis Photodegradation Value/Range: Half Life: = 4.787 Days

Rate Constant: = .0000000000022342 cm3/(molecule*sec)
Photo Medium: Air Temperature:

Sensitizer: Hydroxy Radicals
Sensitizer Concentration and Units: 1500000 molecules/cm3

Light Source: Light Source Spectrum: UV/VIS Absorption Spectrum: Quantum Yield:

Breakdown Products Description: Results Remarks: AOP Program (v1.92) Results:
=========================== SMILES : O=C(c1cc(cnc1C(=O)O)CC)OCHEM : 2,3-PYRIDINEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, 5-ETHYLMOL FOR: C9 H9 N1 O4 MOL WT : 195.18 ------------------- SUMMARY (AOP v1.92): HYDROXYL RADICALS (25 deg C) -------- Hydrogen Abstraction = 1.1013 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec Reaction with N, S and -OH = 1.0400 E-12 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintcm3/molecule-sec Addition to Triple Bonds = 0.0000 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec Addition to Olefinic Bonds = 0.0000 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec Addition to Aromatic Rings = 0.0929 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec Addition to Fused Rings = 0.0000 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec OVERALL OH Rate Constant = 2.2342 E-12 cm3/molecu le -sec HALF-LIFE = 4.787 Days (12-hr day; 1.5E6 OH/cm3 ) HALF-LIFE = 57.450 Hrs 

### Study/Method - Photodegradation Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Year Study Performed:
Method/Guideline Followed: Deviations from Method/Guideline: Method/Guideline Description: Estimated using AOP Program v1.92 in EPIWIN v4.0. Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: GLP: Not Applicable Study Reference: EPI Suite, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 20 00 -2007. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Photodegradation Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Acceptable model used to estimate results. 

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## Photodegradation CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid



### Test Substance - Photodegradation Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: Pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Test Substance Result Type: Estimated 

### Results - Photodegradation Photodegradation Result Description: Indirect Photolysis Photodegradation Value/Range: Half Life: = 9.928 Days

Rate Constant: .0000000000010774 cm3/(molecule*sec)
Photo Medium: Air Temperature:

Sensitizer: Hydroxy Radicals
Sensitizer Concentration and Units: 1500000 molecules/cm3

Light Source: Light Source Spectrum: UV/VIS Absorption Spectrum: Quantum Yield:

Breakdown Products Description: Results Remarks: AOP Program (v1.92) Results:
=========================== SMILES : O=C(O)c(cccn1)c1C(=O)O CHEM : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid MOL FOR: C7 H5 N1 O4 MOL WT : 167.12 ------------------- SUMMARY (AOP v1.92): HYDROXYL RADICALS (25 deg C) -------- Hydrogen Abstraction = 0.0000 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec Reaction with N, S and -OH = 1.0400 E-12 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintcm3/molecule-sec Addition to Triple Bonds = 0.0000 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec Addition to Olefinic Bonds = 0.0000 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec Addition to Aromatic Rings = 0.0374 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec Addition to Fused Rings = 0.0000 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec OVERALL OH Rate Constant = 1.0774 E-12 cm3/molecu le -sec HALF-LIFE = 9.928 Days (12-hr day; 1.5E6 OH/cm3 ) HALF-LIFE = 119.134 Hrs 

### Study/Method - Photodegradation Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Year Study Performed:
Method/Guideline Followed: Deviations from Method/Guideline: Method/Guideline Description: Estimation using AOP Program v1.92 in EPIWIN v4.0. Measured data for melting point and water solubilit y were entered; for all other input parameters, the default values in EPIWIN were used. Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: GLP: Not Applicable Study Reference: EPI Suite, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 20 00 -2007. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Photodegradation Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Acceptable model used for estimation. 

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## Stability in Water CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid



### Test Substance - Stability In Water Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: Pyridine, 2,3-dicarboxySponsored Chemical Result Type: Test Substance Result Type: 

### Results - Stability In Water Stability in Water Result Description: Stability in Water Value/Range: pH Value: Hydrolysis Indicator: Preliminary Test:

Effect : Half-Life @ pH Value

Breakdown Products Description: Results Remarks: pK1 = 2.43 pK2 = 5.06 

### Study/Method - Stability In Water Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Year Study Performed:
Method/Guideline Followed: Deviations from Method/Guideline: 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintMethod/Guideline Description: Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: GLP: Study Reference:



### Reliability/Data Quality - Stability In Water Reliability: Reliability Remarks: Perrin, D.D., 1972. Dissociation Constants of Organ ic Bases in Aqueous Solution: Supplement 1972. IUPAC, Analytical Chemistry Division, Butterworths, London
. 

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## Transport Between Environmental Compartments Fugacity/Dist CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Transport Between Environmental Compar tments Fugacity/Dist Test Substance: (102268-15-5) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-ethy lTest Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: 5-ethylpyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: See Test Plan and Category Analysis
Test Substance Result Type: Estimated 

### Results - Transport Between Environmental Compartments Fugacity/Dist Fugacity/Distribution Result Description: Multimedia (Fugacity) Modeling
Test Results: Level III Fugacity Model (Full-Output):
======================================= Chem Name : 2,3-PYRIDINEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, 5-ETHY LMolecular Wt: 195.18 Henry's LC : 4.18e-015 atm-m3/mole (Henrywin progr am) Vapor Press : 1.14e-006 mm Hg (Mpbpwin program) Liquid VP : 2.28e-005 mm Hg (super-cooled) Melting Pt : 157 deg C (Mpbpwin program) Log Kow : 0.92 (Kowwin program) Soil Koc : 122 (KOCWIN MCI method)
Mass Amount Half-Life Emissions (percent) (hr) (kg/hr) Air 3.62e-008 115 1000 Water 16.3 900 1000 Soil 83.6 1.8e+003 1000 Sediment 0.127 8.1e+003 0 Fugacity Reaction Advection Reaction Advection (atm) (kg/hr) (kg/hr) (percent) (percent) Air 2.14e-018 1.07e-005 1.78e-005 3.58 e007 5.93e-007 Water 8.58e-020 617 801 20.6 26.7 Soil 1.52e-018 1.58e+003 0 52.7 0 Sediment 8.53e-020 0.535 0.125 0.0178 0.00417
Persistence Time: 1.64e+003 hr Reaction Time: 2.24e+003 hr Advection Time: 6.13e+003 hr Percent Reacted: 73.3 Percent Advected: 26.7 Half-Lives (hr), (based upon Biowin (Ultimate) and Aopwin): Air: 114.9 Water: 900 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintSoil: 1800 Sediment: 8100 Biowin estimate: 2.655 (weeks-months) Advection Times (hr): Air: 100 Water: 1000 Sediment: 5e+004

Transport Table: Emissions (kg/h) Half

-life (hr) Mass Distribution (percent) Loss by

Reaction (percent) Loss by

Advection (percent) Air 1000 115 3.62E-8 3.58E-7 5.93E-7 Water 1000 900 16.3 20.6 26.7 Soil 1000 1800 18.6 52.7 0 Sediment 8100 0.127 0.0178 0.00417 Temperature:

Level of Multi-media Model: III Model Input (Water Solubility): Model Input (Vapor Pressure): Model Input (log K ow ): Model Input (Melting Point): Henry's Law Constant: Model Concentration - - Air: Model Concentration - - Water: Model Concentration - - Soil: Model Concentration - - Sediment: Results Remarks: 

### Study/Method - Transport Between Environmental Compart ments Fugacity/Dist Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Year Study Performed: Method/Guideline Followed: Deviations from Method/Guideline: Method/Guideline Description: Fugacity was determined using EQC Level III model a s found in EPIWIN v4.0. Equal emission to air, water, and soil were assumed. 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintMethod/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: GLP: Not Applicable Study Reference: EPI Suite, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 20 00- 2007. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Transport Between Environme ntal

Compartments Fugacity/Dist Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Acceptable model used to estimate results. 

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## Transport Between Environmental Compartments Fugacity/Dist CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Transport Between Environmental Compar tments Fugacity/Dist Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: Pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Test Substance Result Type: Estimated 

### Results - Transport Between Environmental Compartments Fugacity/Dist Fugacity/Distribution Result Description: Multimedia (Fugacity) Modeling
Test Results: Level III Fugacity Model (Full-Output):
======================================= Chem Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid Molecular Wt: 167.12 Henry's LC : 2.86e-015 atm-m3/mole (Henrywin progr am) Vapor Press : 1.94e-006 mm Hg (Mpbpwin program) Liquid VP : 7.42e-005 mm Hg (super-cooled) Melting Pt : 185 deg C (user-entered) Log Kow : -0.12 (Kowwin program) Soil Koc : 39.8 (KOCWIN MCI method)
Mass Amount Half-Life Emissions (percent) (hr) (kg/hr) Air 5.58e-008 238 1000 Water 22.9 360 1000 Soil 77 720 1000 Sediment 0.0798 3.24e+003 0 Fugacity Reaction Advection Reaction Advection (atm) (kg/hr) (kg/hr) (percent) (percent) Air 1.71e-018 3.45e-006 1.18e-005 1.15 e007 3.95e-007 Water 4.17e-020 938 487 31.3 16.2 Soil 1.24e-018 1.57e+003 0 52.5 0 Sediment 3.71e-020 0.363 0.0339 0.0121 0.00113
Persistence Time: 708 hr Reaction Time: 846 hr Advection Time: 4.36e+003 hr Percent Reacted: 83.8 Percent Advected: 16.2 Half-Lives (hr), (based upon Biowin (Ultimate) and Aopwin): Air: 238.3 Water: 360 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintSoil: 720 Sediment: 3240 Biowin estimate: 2.791 (weeks ) Advection Times (hr): Air: 100 Water: 1000 Sediment: 5e+004 Transport Table: Emissions (kg/h) Half

-life (hr) Mass Distribution (percent) Loss by

Reaction (percent) Loss by

Advection (percent) Air 1000 238 5.58E-8 1.15E-7 3.95E-7 Water 1000 360 22.9 31.3 16.2 Soil 1000 720 77 52.5 0 Sediment 3240 0.0798 0.0121 0.00113 Temperature:

Level of Multi-media Model: III Model Input (Water Solubility): Model Input (Vapor Pressure): Model Input (log K ow ): Model Input (Melting Point): Henry's Law Constant: Model Concentration - - Air: Model Concentration - - Water: Model Concentration - - Soil: Model Concentration - - Sediment: Results Remarks: 

### Study/Method - Transport Between Environmental Compart ments Fugacity/Dist Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Year Study Performed: Method/Guideline Followed: Deviations from Method/Guideline: Method/Guideline Description: Fugacity was determined using EQC Level III model a s found in EPIWIN v4.0. Equal emission to air, soil, and water were assumed. Measured data for melting point and water solubility were entered; for all other parameters, the default values in EPIWIN were used. 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintMethod/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: GLP: Not Applicable Study Reference: EPI Suite, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 20 00- 2007. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Transport Between Environme ntal

Compartments Fugacity/Dist Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Acceptable model used for estimation. 

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## Biodegradation CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Biodegradation Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, obtained from either the Aldrich Chemical Co. or Fluka AG.
Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Test Substance Result Type: Measured 

### Results - Biodegradation Biodegradability Indicator: Effect : Concentration Value Time

in Days Biodegradation

Value Biodegradation

Value Range

Half Life:

Rate Constant:
Temperature:

Incubation Condition:

Inoculum Type:

Inoculum Concentration: Inoculum Remarks:
Pre-Exposure Indicator: Pre-Exposure Remarks: Theoretical Carbon DiOxide: 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintTheoretical Oxygen Demand: Chemical Oxygen Demand: Control Substance Remarks: Breakdown Products Description: Results Remarks: The test substance underwent complete decomposition between 4 and 8 days under aerobic conditions and between 16 and 32 days in anaerobic conditions. 

### Study/Method - Biodegradation Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Year Study Performed: 1972 Method/Guideline Followed: Deviations from Method/Guideline: Method/Guideline Description: Persistence of the test substance was measured in enrichment cultures by testing a 1 mM solution in a n aqueous suspension of 0.5% fertile garden soils, 20 ppm of Difco yeast extract, Oxoid peptone and glucose, 4 ppm (NH4)2SO4 and 180 ppm KH2PO4 adjusted to pH 7.0 wit h KOH. The suspensions were incubated in culture tube s with caps either looselycapped (aerobic) or tightly

capped (anaerobic). At approximate intervals of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 160, and 256 d samples were diluted, filtered, and analyzed via spectrophotomet ry in the wavelength range 210 - 330 nm. The spectra were compared to similar solutions to which 200 ppm HgCl2 was added to suppress microbial activity. Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: 38 pyridine derivatives were tested for biodegradation under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions and for phytotoxicity. The phytoxicity results are not discussed here. GLP: No Study Reference: Naik, N.M., Jackson, R.B., Stokes, J., and Swaby, R.J. 1972. Microbial degradation and phytotoxicity of picloram and other substituted pyridines. Soil Biol
. Biochem; 4:313-323. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Biodegradation Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Not performed according to standard biodegradation method; however, the methods and results are presented in detail. 

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## Biodegradation CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Biodegradation Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, obtained from Aldric h Chemical Company.
Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Test Substance Result Type: Measured 

### Results - Biodegradation Biodegradability Indicator: Effect : Concentration Value Time

in Days Biodegradation

Value Biodegradation

Value Range

Half Life:

Rate Constant:
Temperature: 24 °C
Incubation Condition: Aerobic
Inoculum Type: Other
Inoculum Concentration: Inoculum Remarks:
Pre-Exposure Indicator: Pre-Exposure Remarks: Theoretical Carbon DiOxide: 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintTheoretical Oxygen Demand: Chemical Oxygen Demand: Control Substance Remarks: Breakdown Products Description: Results Remarks: 100 % loss of the test substance in 5 d was determined via UV analysis of the supernatant from the soil suspension. 81% degradation was determined based on the release of inorganic nitrog en species into the supernatant from the soil suspension. Less than 1% volatilized during the 28 d. The pH was maintained at 7.0 throughout the incubation. 

### Study/Method - Biodegradation Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Year Study Performed: 1986 Method/Guideline Followed: Deviations from Method/Guideline: Method/Guideline Description: Soil was added to nutrient solution in 500 mL Erlenmeyer flasks plugged with polyurethane foam stoppers. The nutrient solution consisted of: 150 m L of basal salts medium amended with 10 mg/L yeast extract and 13 mM K2HPO4-KH2PO4 buffer adjusted to pH 7.0. The foam stoppers were autoclaved and extracte d with 2 M KCl prior to use to prevent release of compounds interfering with the UV analysis of pyridine derivatives. The test substance was simultaneously sterilized and solubilized by the addition of 2.25 mmol to a sterile screw-top tube containing 5 g 95% ethanol and diluting with 5 g sterile H2O. The solution was adjusted to pH 6 to 8 with 1 M KOH and brought to a total of weight of 15 g (150 mmol/kg solution) with sterile H2O. One mL (~ 1 g) of the test substance was added to replicate flasks of nutrient medium to give a final substrate concentration of approximately 1 mM. The flasks were inoculated with 1 mL of a dilute soil suspension and were incubated with continuous shaki ng at 24 deg C for 30 d. Subsamples were removed from each flask before and after inoculation and throughout the inoculation. Samples were centrifuged for 20 min at 20,000 and t he supernatant was diluted with 33 mM KH2PO4 buffer (p H 5) for analysis to eliminate any pH changes induced by microbial growth in the flasks. The test substance was measured by a Cary 17D spectrophotometer in the wavelength range 240 - 340 nm. Quantification was achieved by comparison with the absorbance values obtained with a calibration curve. The test substance was extracted from the fo am stoppers three times with 30 mL 2 M KCl-0.01 M HCl to determine the amount volatilized. The samples were diluted to 100 mL and analyzed by UV 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintspectrophotometry as the previously discussed samples. The amount of nitrogen (ammonia, nitrate, nitrite) after 30 d was determined by UV spectrophotometry at wavelength 425 nm. The soils suspension solution was acidified to pH 2.0 with HC l and centrifuged at 15,000 g for 30 min; 50 mL samples were then placed in a distillation unit, brought to pH 7.0 with KOH and steam-distilled with MgO. Forty

five mL of distillate was collected in 0.3 M H3BO3, diluted to 50 mL with deionized water and treated with 2 mL Nessler reagent. Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: This study tested 28 pyridine derivatives for biodegradation.
GLP: No Data Study Reference: Sims, G.K., Sommers, L.E. 1986. Biodegradation of pyridine derivatives in soil suspensions. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ; 5:503-509. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Biodegradation Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: The methodology and results are reported in full detail. While not performed in accordance with an E PA method, appropriate checks have been run in this experiment to ensure the validity of the data presented. 

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## Biodegradation CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Biodegradation Test Substance: (102268-15-5) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-ethy lTest Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: The test substance, 5-ethylpyridine-2,3-dicarboxyli c acid, CAS# 102268-15-5, Batch Identification 6116H01HZ, Test substance No. 06/0188-1, had a purity of 99.8%. Sponsored Chemical Result Type: See Test Plan and Category Analysis
Test Substance Result Type: Measured 

### Results - Biodegradation Biodegradability Indicator: No Degradation Observed
Effect : Concentration Value Time

in Days Biodegradation

Value Biodegradation

Value Range

Half Life:

Rate Constant:
Temperature:

Incubation Condition: Aerobic
Inoculum Type: Activated Sludge, Domestic
Inoculum Concentration: Inoculum Remarks: Concentration: 20 mg/L related to DOC (Dissolved Organic Carbon); 36 mg/L related to test substance Pre-Exposure Indicator: Pre-Exposure Remarks: Theoretical Carbon DiOxide: 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintTheoretical Oxygen Demand: Chemical Oxygen Demand: Control Substance Remarks: Breakdown Products Description: Results Remarks: The degree of biodegradation measured in %DOC after 28 days was calculated to be <10%. To obtain this value the biodegradation of the blank control was subtracted from the values obtain ed for the test substances. Kinetic of the test substance 05 days -2% 10 days -9% 14 days -10% 21 days -8% 28 days -21% The test meets the following validity requirements: The deviation of the degradation of the test substance in the plateau phase was <20%. The degradation of the reference substanc e was >70% DOC after 14 days. The degradation in the inhibition control was >35% DOC after 14 days. 

### Study/Method - Biodegradation Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Year Study Performed: 2007 Method/Guideline Followed: OECD 301A
Deviations from Method/Guideline: Method/Guideline Description: Methods were carried out in accordance with OECD Guideline 301A. The DOC Die Away test was performed in 2L conical flasks filled up to a volume of 1000mL. The mineral medium used was in accordance with the guideline. DOC concentration of the test substance stock solution was determined. The DOC of the reference substance was calculated as theoretical organic carbon (THOC). Th e test vessels were shaken at a temperature of 22 +/- 2 deg C at 150 oscillations per minute. The following vessels were run in this experiment: two flasks containing the test substance at a concentration of approximately 20 mg/L DOC and the inoculum, and 2 blanks (medium + inoculum). In addition, an inhibition flask, an abiotic control, an adsorption control, a nd a reference substance flask were all run for a total of 8 flasks.
The DOC of each test flask was measured at the beginning of the 28 days. Samples were centrifuged and the concentration of D OC determined in the supernatant. DOC measurements were made twice per 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintweek and compared to the DOC concentrations at the beginning of the experiment. The decrease of DOC concentration was expressed as percent biodegradati on and plotted on a biodegradation curve. The temperature was maintained at 22 +/- 2 deg C. Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: GLP: Yes Study Reference: Schwarz, H. 2007. Determination of the Biodegradability in the DOC Die-Away Test, Report. BASF Aktiengesellschaft. Experimental Toxicology an d Ecology. 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany. Project No.: 21G0188/063133. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Biodegradation Reliability: 1 - Valid Without Restrictions Reliability Remarks: 

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## Biodegradation CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Biodegradation Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid (PDC), Batch ID # 080319, Purity of 99.7%,
Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Measured
Test Substance Result Type: Measured 

### Results - Biodegradation Biodegradability Indicator: Readily Biodegradable
Effect : Concentration Value Time

in Days Biodegradation

Value Biodegradation

Value Range = % TCO2 80 - 90

Half Life:

Rate Constant:
Temperature:

Incubation Condition:

Inoculum Type: Activated Sludge
Inoculum Concentration: 30 mg/L
Inoculum Remarks: Municipal activated sludge from the wastewater treatment plant of Mannheim/Baden Wurttemberg in Germany was used. The inoculum was collected on 01 December 2008 from the aeration tank of the plant a nd aerated in the laboratory until use. A suitable aliquot of the acivated sludge suspension was sieve d by a finely woven mesh with a mesh size of about 1 mm. After settling the supernatant was discarded a nd the sludge suspension was filled up with tap water. The sludge of the suspension was adjusted t o a concentration of 6.0 g/L dry weight. An aliquot of 7.5 mL was added to the test vessels, to obtain a 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintsludge concentration of 30 mg/L dry substance. Finally the activated sludge suspension in the test vessels was pre-aerated for about 24 hours at a temp of 22 +/- 2 deg C. Pre-Exposure Indicator: Pre-Exposure Remarks: Theoretical Carbon DiOxide: Theoretical Oxygen Demand: Chemical Oxygen Demand: Control Substance Remarks: Theoretical Organic Carbon for the reference substance (aniline) is 312 mg/L Breakdown Products Description: Results Remarks: Biodegradation degree: 80-90% CO2/ThCO2 after an exposure period of 28 days (mean value from two tes t assays). Degradation Degree: Duration of the adaption phase (days)= 4 Degradation of the test subst. at the end of the 10

- day window and at the end of the exposure (% CO2/ThCO2)= 80-90 Degradation degree of the reference substance, aniline, after 14-days (%CO2/ThCO2) = 81 Degradation degree in the inhibition control after 14 -days (% CO2/ThCO2) = 79 Test Temperature = 22 +/- 2 deg C. Total Organic Carbon (TOC) = 503 mg/g 

### Study/Method - Biodegradation Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Key Year Study Performed: 2009 Method/Guideline Followed: OECD 301B
Deviations from Method/Guideline: Method/Guideline Description: Mixtures of the test substance, a defined inorganic medium and a non pre -adapted inoculum (municipal activated sludge from the wastewater treatment plan t of Mannheim/Baden Wurttemberg in Germany) are incubated and aerated at up to 28 days. The biologically produced carbon dioxide is trapped and measured. The biodegradation degree is expressed a s produced carbon dioxide in relation to the calculat ed theoretical amount of formed carbon dioxide value (ThCO2) using the initial concentration of total organic carbon of the test substance (TOC).

Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: The test was performed in 2 L incubation bottles filled to a volume of 1.5 L. The bottles were connected to two serial scrubbing bottles filled with sodium hydroxide solution for adsorption of carbon dioxide. Usually twice per week the Total Inorganic 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintCarbon of the adsorption solutions was determined.
Test flasks were as follows: 2 blank controls, 3 test substance, 1 inhibition control and 1 reference substance. One of the test substance flasks was use d for measurement of pH then discarded. The test substance concentration was 20 mg/L Total Organic Carbon. Analysis of TIC and DOC were performed using a TOC analyzer with an auto sampler. GLP: Yes Study Reference: Schwarz, H. 2009. 2,3-Pyridine dicarboxylic acid (PDC) Determination of the biodegradability in the CO2-evolution test. BASF DocID 2009/1009298. BASF Corporation, 63461 Missouri, USA. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Biodegradation Reliability: 1 - Valid Without Restrictions Reliability Remarks: 

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## Stability in Soil CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid



### Test Substance - Stability In Soil Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, obtained from Aldric h Chemical Company.
Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Test Substance Result Type: Measured 

### Results - Stability In Soil Test Results: A sample analyzed on day 0 had 90.9% of the initial amount of test substance remaining. A sample frozen on day 0 and analyzed on day 64 had 85.1% of the initial test substance remaining. On days 1, 2, and 4, the percent of added test substance that was successfully extracted and analyzed was 64.9, 3.8, and 0.5% respectively. On days 8, 16, 32, and 64 the amount present was below the limit of detection. The inorganic nitrogen percent accumulation was 2.0 , 48.3, 62.2, and 78.3% of degraded test substance on days 0, 16, 32 and 64 respectively. Thus, it can be seen that in general the % remaining is inversely correlated with the nitrogen accumulation in the soil. Temperature: 25 °C
Results Remarks: This study tested many substituted pyridine derivatives for biodegradation. The conclusion was that carboxylic acid derivatives are apparently the most labile and are more readily degraded in culture than other pyridine derivatives
. 

### Study/Method - Stability In Soil Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Year Study Performed: 1985 Method/Guideline Followed: Deviations from Method/Guideline: Method/Guideline Description: Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: Soil treated with 2 mmol/kg of the test substance w as incubated in 100 mL glass vials at 25 deg C for 0 to 64 days. The soil had the following characteristics: 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintpH: 6.72 (1:2 soil-water ratio) organic carbon content: 12 g/kg total nitrogen content: 1300 mg/kg CEC: 0.15 mol (+)/kg moisture content: 0.25 kg H2O/kg dry soil at -0.03 MPa The experiment was run in triplicate. The second setup was prepared by adding 1.1 mL of water and 0. 1 mL of the test substance to an incubation vessel an d then adding 10 g of soil. The stock solution used t o prepare the vessels was 200 mmol/kg dissolved in water and ethanol (2:1, v/v). The incubation vessel s were plugged with 2.5 cm thick polyurethane foam stoppers. At 3-4 day intervals, the incubation vessels were adjusted for loss of 0.3-0.4 g H2O. The test substance was extracted from the vessels on days: 0,1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64. The foam stopper and soil were extracted separately for the test substance. Processing of the samples took more than a full day; because of this and the fact that there were 2 samples to analyze for each test duration; samples were stored at - 20 deg C for a few days prior to extraction. A second replicate was taken at 0 days and stored at -20 deg C for the duration of the 64 days to assess the effect of storage on N content and recovery of the test substance.
40 mL of 2M KCl + 0.01M HCl was added to the vessel to extract the test substance. The vessels were sealed and shaken for 30 min at 23 deg C. Samples were removed and centrifuged for 20 min at 20000 g. The supernatant was analyzed by UV spectroscopy at 340-240 nm). Duplicates treated identically to the test samples except no test substance was added were also analyzed by UV to correct for interference from UV-absorbing components. The foam plugs were analyzed at days 32 and 64 for volatilization of the test substance. The inorganic nitrogen content of the soil was measured at days 0 , 16, 32, and 64 to confirm the degradation of the te st substance. GLP: No Data Study Reference: Sims, G.K., and L.E. Sommers. 1985. Degradation of pyridine derivatives in soil. J. Environ. Qual. 14:580-4. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Stability In Soil Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: The methodology and results are reported in full detail. While not performed in accordance with an E PA method, appropriate checks have been run in this experiment to ensure the validity of the data presented. 

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## Acute Toxicity to Aquatic Vertebrates

CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Vertebrates Test Substance: (102268-15-5) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-ethy lTest Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-ethyl

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: See Test Plan and Category Analysis

Test Substance Result Type: Estimated 

### Method - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Vertebrates Year Study Performed: Method/Guideline Followed: Other Method/Guideline: Deviations from Method/Guideline: Species: Other Other Species: freshwater fish

GLP: Not Applicable Analytical Monitoring: Test Type:

Test Vessel: Water Media Type:

Test Concentrations: Nominal and Measured Concentrations: Exposure Period:

Vehicle Used:

Vehicle Name: 

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and Units: Alkalinity: Dissolved Oxygen: pH Value:
Test Temperature and Units: Photo (Light/Dark): Salinity:

TOC:

Water Hardness:
Method/Guideline Test Conditions Remarks: Estimation using ECOSAR v1.00 in EPIWIN v4.0.

Limit Test: 

### Test Results - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Vertebrates NOEC Exposure Duration: NOEC: LOEC Exposure Duration: LOEC: NOELR Exposure Duration: NOELR: LOELR Exposure Duration: LOELR:
LC/EC Mean Value : Exposure Duration Exposure

Units LC/EC % Value Description Mean

Value or Lower Mean Value Upper

Mean Value Units Effect

Observed Basis for

Concentration

96 Hours LC 50 % circa 220 mg/L 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintResults Remarks: The estimated 96 h LC50 for freshwater fish was 220 mg/L using ECOSAR v1.00 in EPIWIN v4.0, based upon the Pyridine-alpha-Acid ECOSAR cla ss.

--------- ECOSAR Program (v1.00) Results:
============================== SMILES : O=C(c1cc(cnc1C(=O)O)CC)OCHEM : 2,3-PYRIDINEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, 5-ETHYLCAS Num: ChemID1: ChemID2: ChemID3: MOL FOR: C9 H9 N1 O4 MOL WT : 195.18 Log Kow: 0.92 (KowWin estimate) Melt Pt: Wat Sol: 7573 mg/L (WskowWin estimate) ECOSAR v1.00 Class(es) Found

------------------------------ Pyridine-alpha-Acid Predicted ECOSAR Class Organism Du ration End Pt mg/L (ppm)

=========================== ================== == ====== ====== ========== Pyridine-alpha-Acid : Fish 96 -hr LC50 220.325 Pyridine-alpha-Acid : Fish ChV 18.532 !

=========================== ================== == ====== ====== ========== Neutral Organic SAR : Fish 96 -hr LC50 1231.489 (Baseline Toxicity) : Daphnid 48 -hr LC50 623.688 : Green Algae 96-hr EC50 172.678 : Fish ChV 119.727 : Daphnid ChV 47.597 : Green Algae ChV 51.315 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Ver tebrates Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Acceptable model used for estimation. Key Study Sponsor Indicator: 

### Reference - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Vertebrates Reference: EPI Suite, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 20 00-2007. 

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## Acute Toxicity to Aquatic Vertebrates

CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Vertebrates Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: Pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Test Substance Result Type: Estimated 

### Method - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Vertebrates Year Study Performed: Method/Guideline Followed: Other Method/Guideline: Deviations from Method/Guideline: Species: Other Other Species: freshwater fish

GLP: Not Applicable Analytical Monitoring: Test Type:

Test Vessel: Water Media Type:

Test Concentrations: Nominal and Measured Concentrations: Exposure Period:

Vehicle Used:

Vehicle Name: 

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and Units: Alkalinity: Dissolved Oxygen: pH Value:
Test Temperature and Units: Photo (Light/Dark): Salinity:

TOC:

Water Hardness:
Method/Guideline Test Conditions Remarks: Estimation using ECOSAR Program v1.00 in EPIWIN v4. 0. Measured data for melting point and water solubility were entered; for all other in put parameters, the default values in EPIWIN were used. Limit Test: 

### Test Results - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Vertebrates NOEC Exposure Duration: NOEC: LOEC Exposure Duration: LOEC: NOELR Exposure Duration: NOELR: LOELR Exposure Duration: LOELR:
LC/EC Mean Value : Exposure Duration Exposure

Units LC/EC % Value Description Mean

Value or Lower Mean Value Upper

Mean Value Units Effect

Observed Basis for

Concentration

96 Hours LC 50 % circa 920 mg/L 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintResults Remarks: ECOSAR Program v1.00 predicts a 96-hour LC50 value for fish of 920 mg/L, using the Pyridine-alpha-Acid ECOSAR class.

________ ECOSAR Program (v1.00) Results:
============================== SMILES : O=C(O)c(cccn1)c1C(=O)O CHEM : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid CAS Num: ChemID1: ChemID2: ChemID3: MOL FOR: C7 H5 N1 O4 MOL WT : 167.12 Log Kow: -0.12 (KowWin estimate) Melt Pt: 185.00 deg C Wat Sol: 9560 mg/L (measured) ECOSAR v1.00 Class(es) Found

------------------------------ Pyridine-alpha-Acid Predicted ECOSAR Class Organism Du ration End Pt mg/L (ppm)

=========================== ================== == ====== ====== ========== Pyridine-alpha-Acid : Fish 96 -hr LC50 919.623 Pyridine-alpha-Acid : Fish ChV 93.387 !

=========================== ================== == ====== ====== ========== Neutral Organic SAR : Fish 96 -hr LC50 7975.012 (Baseline Toxicity) : Daphnid 48 -hr LC50 3562.477 : Green Algae 96-hr EC50 644.137 : Fish ChV 793.343 : Daphnid ChV 226.263 : Green Algae ChV 158.360


### Reliability/Data Quality - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Ver tebrates Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Acceptable model used for estimation. Key Study Sponsor Indicator: 

### Reference - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Vertebrates Reference: EPI Suite, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 20 00-2007. 

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## Acute Toxicity to Aquatic Invertebrates

CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Invertebrat es Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: Pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Test Substance Result Type: Estimated 

### Method - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Invertebrates Year Study Performed: Method/Guideline Followed: Other Method/Guideline: Deviations from Method/Guideline: Species/In Vitro System: Daphnia sp.

GLP: Not Applicable Analytical Monitoring: Test Type:

Test Vessel: Water Media Type:

Test Concentrations: Nominal and Measured Concentrations: Exposure Period:

Vehicle Used:

Vehicle Name:

Vehicle Amount and Units: Alkalinity: 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintDissolved Oxygen:

pH Value:
Test Temperature and Units: Photo (Light/Dark): Salinity:

TOC:

Water Hardness:
Method/Guideline Test Conditions Remarks: Estimation using ECOSAR Program v1.00 in EPIWIN v4. 0. Measured data used for melting point and water solubility; for all other input par ameters, the default values in EPIWIN were used. Limit Test: 

### Test Results - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Invertebrate s NOEC Exposure Duration: NOEC: LOEC Exposure Duration: LOEC: NOELR Exposure Duration: NOELR: LOELR Exposure Duration: LOELR:
LC/EC Mean Value : Exposure Duration Exposure

Units LC/EC % Value Description Mean

Value or Lower Mean Value Upper

Mean Value Units Effect

Observed Basis for

Concentration

48 Hours LC 50 % circa 3562 mg/L 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintResults Remarks: ECOSAR Program v1.00 predicts the following 48-hour LC50 value for Daphnids: 3562 mg/L.

----------- ECOSAR Program (v1.00) Results:
============================== SMILES : O=C(O)c(cccn1)c1C(=O)O CHEM : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid CAS Num: ChemID1: ChemID2: ChemID3: MOL FOR: C7 H5 N1 O4 MOL WT : 167.12 Log Kow: -0.12 (KowWin estimate) Melt Pt: 185.00 deg C Wat Sol: 9560 mg/L (measured) ECOSAR v1.00 Class(es) Found

------------------------------ Pyridine-alpha-Acid Predicted ECOSAR Class Organism Du ration End Pt mg/L (ppm)

=========================== ================== == ====== ====== ========== Pyridine-alpha-Acid : Fish 96 -hr LC50 919.623 Pyridine-alpha-Acid : Fish ChV 93.387 !

=========================== ================== == ====== ====== ========== Neutral Organic SAR : Fish 96 -hr LC50 7975.012 (Baseline Toxicity) : Daphnid 48 -hr LC50 3562.477 : Green Algae 96-hr EC50 644.137 : Fish ChV 793.343 : Daphnid ChV 226.263 : Green Algae ChV 158.360


### Reliability/Data Quality - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic In vertebrates Reliability: 2 - Valid With Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Acceptable model used for estimation. Key Study Sponsor Indicator: 

### Reference - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Invertebrates Reference: EPI Suite, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 20 00-2007. 

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## Acute Toxicity to Aquatic Invertebrates

CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Invertebrat es Test Substance: (102268-15-5) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-ethy lTest Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: The test substance, 5-ethylpyridine-2,3-dicarboxyli c acid , had the following test substance ID: CL 271,197. Batch Number AC8884- 54B. Purity = 99.1%. Stored under refrigeration. Expiration Date: 12-Apr-2000.
Sponsored Chemical Result Type: See Test Plan and Category Analysis

Test Substance Result Type: Measured 

### Method - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Invertebrates Year Study Performed: 2000 Method/Guideline Followed: EPA OPP 72-2
Other Method/Guideline: Deviations from Method/Guideline: Species/In Vitro System: Daphnia magna

GLP: Yes Analytical Monitoring: Yes Test Type: Static
Test Vessel: Open Water Media Type: Freshwater

Test Concentrations: Nominal and Measured Concentrations: nominal test concentrations: 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, an d 100 mg test substance/L
Initial test concentrations measured 99.4 to 116.4% of the nominal concentrations, 48 hour test concentrations measured 111.2 to 126.6% o f nominal.
No test substance was found in the untreated contro ls. Exposure Period: 48 Hours
Vehicle Used:

Vehicle Name: 

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and Units: Alkalinity: ca. 125 mg/L as CaCO3 Dissolved Oxygen: pH Value: Value/Lower Range: = 6.2 Upper Range: 7.1 Test Temperature and Units: Value/Lower Range: 20.3 Upper Range: 22.1 °C
Photo (Light/Dark): 16/8 Salinity:

TOC:

Water Hardness: 171 mg/L Method/Guideline Test Conditions Remarks: This experiment was carried out in accordance with the procedures outlined in the protocol "Acute Toxicity of CL 271, 197 to Daphnia magna Under Static Test Conditions." This protocol was ba sed on procedures outlined by the OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals 202, the Official Journal of the European Communities Test C .2 "Acute Toxicity for Daphnia" and, the USEPA Series 72 of the Pesticide Assessment Guidelines, FIFRA Subdivision E, Hazard Evaluation: Wildlife and Aqua tic Organisms. The test vessels were 250 mL glass beakers filled w ith 200 mL of test water. The dilution water was hard reconstituted wa ter prepared by adding appropriate chemicals to water that was dimineraliz ed by reverse osmosis. The dilution water had a hardness, alkalinity, and specific conductance of ca. 171 mg/L as CaCO3, ca. 125 mg/L as CaCO3, and 5 91 uS/cm, respectively.
Five nominal test concentrations were used in this study in addition to a negative dilution water control. Each treatment and control group was performed in duplicate with 10 daphnids in each tes t vessel for a total of 20 daphnids per test concentration (120 daphnids in al l). A previously conducted screening test allowed the following nominal test concentrati ons to be selected in this study: 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg test substance/L. Me an test concentrations were determined by samples taken from each test and cont rol vessel at the beginning and end of the study. All daphnids were provided by in-house culture. The adults were cultured for 21 days and were free of any abnormalities. Dap hnid neonates (<24 hours old) were indiscriminately assigned to test chambers. These t est chambers were then indiscriminately assigned to test vessels within 1 hour of test vessel preparation. T he daphnids were fed a mixture of yeast, Cerophyll, an d trout chow, as well as a suspension of the freshwater algae Selenastrum capr icornutum. Adults were fed three times per week prior to the test and neonates were not fed during the test. Observations were recorded at approximately 3, 24, and 48 hours of the exposure. Test results were determined by visual inspection of the mortality, immobility, and observation data. Test vessels were sampled at test initiation and te st completion. These samples were frozen and analyzed according to a validated analyt ical method. Air temperature was continuously monitored. The pH of the test solutions was measured at the beginning and end of the test. Hardness, alkalinity, and specific conductance were measured in the untre ated dilution water at test initiation. Limit Test: No 

### Test Results - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Invertebrate s 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintNOEC Exposure

Duration: 48 Hours

NOEC: = 50 mg/L Nominal LOEC Exposure Duration: LOEC: NOELR Exposure Duration: NOELR: LOELR Exposure Duration: LOELR:
LC/EC Mean Value : Exposure Duration Exposure

Units LC/EC % Value Description Mean

Value or Lower Mean Value Upper

Mean Value Units Effect

Observed Basis for

Concentration

48 Hours EC 50 % > 100 mg/L Nominal

Results Remarks: The air temperature ranged from 20.3 to 22.1 deg C in the test chamber. The pH ranged from 6.2 to 7.1.
Initial test concentrations measured 99.4 to 116.4% of the nominal concentrations, 48 hour test concentrations measure d 111.2 to 126.6% of nominal. No test substance was found in the untreat ed control vessels. Among the test and control vessels, the largest inc rease in pH was only 0.3 from the beginning to the end. Temperature ranged f rom 20.3 to 22.1 deg C in the test chamber. Dissolved oxygen was not abl e to be measured as a result of a malfunctioning meter. Nine daphnids in untreated control 1A died. Most of these deaths are attributable to their repeated exposure to the malfunctioning DO me ter probe. No mortalities were observed in any other control or test beaker, which suggests that these deaths are all attributable to the DO meter probe and therefore, data from control 1A was not used in the evaluation of the test. There was one mortality in the 100 mg test substanc e/L treatment. No mortality, immobility, or other effects were observed in any o ther test vessel. The 48-hour EC50 value was calculated to be >100 mg test substance/L (highest concentration tested). Based on the mortal ity/immobility data, the 48-hour no-mortality/immobility concentration and t he NOEC were 50 mg test substance/L. The estimated 48 h LC50 for daphnids is 14.901 g/L using ECOSAR v0.99h found in EPIWIN v3.20. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic In vertebrates 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintReliability: 1 - Valid Without Restrictions

Reliability Remarks: The test adhered to guideline requirements with no major deviations. The test met the validity criteria that not more than 1 0% of the control should be immobilized; however, the DO was not able to be mea sured because of malfunctioning DO meter probe. The DO was assumed t o be in the acceptable range as no daphnids exhibited signs of hypoxic conditions. Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Key 

### Reference - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Invertebrates Reference: Mulligan, E. 2000. Acute Toxicity of CL 271,197 to Daphnia magna Under Static Test Conditions. American Cyanamid Company. Global Agric ultural Products Research Division, Princeton, NJ 08543-0400. Performing Laboratory: Am erican Cyanamid Company, Ecotoxicology Laboratory Facility, Global Laborator y Products Research Division. P.O. Box 400, Princeton, NJ 08543-0400. Laboratory Proje ct Identification ETX-99-132. 

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## Acute Toxicity to Aquatic Plants

CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Plants Test Substance: (102268-15-5) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-ethy lTest Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: The test substance, 5-ethylpyridine-2,3-dicarboxyli c acid (C9H9NO4), CL 271,191, had a purity of 99.1%.

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: See Test Plan and Category Analysis

Test Substance Result Type: Measured 

### Method - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Plants Year Study Performed: 2000 Method/Guideline Followed: Other
Other Method/Guideline: EPA Pesticide Assessment Guidelines, Subdivision J, Non-target
Deviations from Method/Guideline: Species: Selenastrum sp.

GLP: Yes Analytical Monitoring: Yes Test Type:

Test Vessel: Water Media Type:

Test Concentrations: Nominal and Measured Concentrations: nominal test concentrations of: 0 (control), 6.5, 1 3, 25, 50, and 100 mg test substance/L, selected on the basis of a 120 hour ra nge finding test. Analytical verification of the nominal concentratio ns gave the following mean of 0 and 120-h concentrations: 0, 6.87, 12.7, 24.9, 49.8, and 98.9 mg test substance/L, which reflects a range of 98 to 1 06% of the nominal concentrations. Control samples were below the limi t of quantification (5.00 mg test substance/L). Exposure Period: 120 Hours
Vehicle Used:

Vehicle Name: 

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and Units: Alkalinity: Dissolved Oxygen: pH Value: Value/Lower Range: = 3.6 Upper Range: 7.4 Test Temperature and Units: Value/Lower Range: 24 Upper Range: 24.2 °C
Photo (Light/Dark): Salinity:

TOC:

Water Hardness:
Method/Guideline Test Conditions Remarks: The test was designed to comply with methods outlin ed in: Pesticide Assessment Guidelines, Subdivision J, Hazard Evaluation: Nonta rget Plants; the Official Journal of the European Communities Test C.3 "Algal Inhibit ion Test" (EC, 1992); and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Developme nt (OECD) Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Guideline 201 (OECD, 1984). Th e exposure period was 120 hours. Endpoints (NOEC, EC50, EbC50, ErC50) were determine d based on the cell concentration (cells/mL), biomass (area under the growth curve), and growth rate and were calculated at 48, 72, 96, and 120-hrs.
The test medium used for the acclimation of Selenas trum and for all toxicity testing was sterile synthetic medium adjusted to a pH 7.5 +/- 0.1 with 0.1N HCl. All algae used in the test were originally obtained from University of Texas at Austin. The algae were transferred to sterile en riched medium identical to the test medium used in this experiment and main tained at test conditions prior to the beginning of the test. At the initiation of testing the inoculum was 10 days old and actively growing. Stock solution was prepared in medium and used to p repare the nominal test concentrations of: 0 (control), 6.5, 13, 25, 50, an d 100 mg test substance/L, selected on the basis of a 120 hour range finding t est. Approximately 3,000 algal cells/mL were placed into four replicates of controls and test treatments. An extra control vessel was run so lely for pH determination at 72 hours. Another extra vessel wit h a nominal concentration of 25 mg test substance/L was run alongside the test vess els as a stability control. These two vessels were not inoculated with algae. The tes t vessels were 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks capped with inverted glass beakers to allow mass transfer of CO2 into the test vessels. The vessels were randomly assigned po sitions on a rotary shaker operating at 100 rpm. The vessels were repositioned once per day by hand. The test temperature was maintained at 24 +/- 2 deg C. The parent solutions were sampled at the beginning of the test and samples were collected from pooled replicate vessels at the end of the test. Analytical verification of exposure concentrations was performed by the Sponsor using analytical method titled: Validation and analytical procedure for the determination of CL 271,197 in Selenastrum capricornutum Algal media. Temperature of the incubator was measured with a th ermometer and recorded daily. Both temperature and pH were determined in the indi vidual replicate vessels at the beginning of the test, in the uninoculated 5th cont rol replicate at 72 hours, and in pooled replicates of each concentration at the end of the test. The temperature of water in a repr esentative flask incubated among the test vessels was recorded continuously. Continu ous light was maintained with cool-white fluorescent lights. The EC50 values were calculated based on the cells/ mL at test termination, the EbC50 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintvalues were based on the biomass (area under the cr uve), and the ErC50 values were based on the growth rate. The statistical method fo r calculating EC50 values (and confidence intervals) was based on a published nonl inear regression estimation procedure. The NOEC for algal growth was determined using Dunnett's test, which includes a parametric one-way ANOVA at the 95% conf idence level. Calculations were performed using the TOXSTAT computer program.

Limit Test:


### Test Results - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Plants NOEC Exposure Duration: NOEC: LOEC Exposure Duration: LOEC: NOELR Exposure Duration: NOELR: LOELR Exposure Duration: LOELR:

Effect : Exposure Duration Exposure

Units Type % Value Description Mean

Value or Lower Mean Value Upper

Mean Value Units Basis

for Effect Basis for

Concentration

96 Hours EC 50 % = 10.4 mg/L Biomass 96 Hours EC 50 % = 18 mg/L Growth Rate

Results Remarks: Analytical verification of the nominal concentratio ns gave the following mean of 0 and 120 -h concentrations: 0, 6.87, 12.7, 24.9, 49.8, and 9 8.9 mg test substance/L, which reflects a range of 98 to 1 06% of the nominal concentrations. Control samples were below the limi t of quantification(5.00 mg test substance/L). The light intensity ranged from 730 to 750 footcand les (calculated as 7860 to 8070 lumens/m2). The incubator temperature range d from 24.0 to 24.2 deg C. The pH of the test solutions at the beginning of the test decreased with increasing test substance concentration (range= 7.4 to 3.6). Test results were calculated based upon mean measur ed concentrations. At 72 hours, the test endpoints (with 95% confidenc e interval) were (mg test substance/L): EC50 11.1 (7.28-16.9) EbC50 11.4 (7.27-17.7) ErC50 21.0 (12.0-36.8) 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintAt 96 hours, the test endpoints (with 95% confidenc e interval) were (mg test substance/L): EC50 10.8 (10.4-31.0) EbC50 10.4 (<6.87-15.8) ErC50 18.0 (10.4-31.0) At 120 hours, the test endpoints (with 95% confiden ce interval) were (mg test substance/L): EC50 15.1 (<6.87->98.9) EbC50 12.4 (<6.87-34.2) ErC50 18.9 (10.8-33.2) NOEC 6.87 (when calculated using average specific g rowth rate and the number of cells/mL) NOEC <6.87 (when calculated using the area under th e growth curve) After 120 hours of exposure, the mean number of cel ls/mL in the control vessels was 3,205,000. Cell growth at 6.87 mg test substance/L was 98% of control growth, cell growth at 12.7 mg test substance/L was 87% of the control, and cell growth at 24.9, 49.8, and 98.9 mg test substance/L was <1% of the control. The 120 hour NOEC for algal gro wth obtained was 6.87 mg test substance/L when calculated using the average speci fic growth rate and the number of cells/mL and <6.87 mg test substance/L when calcula ted using the area under the growth curve.
Conclusions: The area under the growth curve (total biomass) was the most sensitive endpoint calculated in this experiment (96 hour EbC 50 = 10.4 mg/L, 120 hour EbC50 = 12.4 mg/L). Test Validity: After 120 hours of exposure, the mean number of cel ls/mL in the controls was 3,205,000 cells/mL, which is more than a factor of 16 greater than the concentration at time 0. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Pl ants Reliability: 1 - Valid Without Restrictions Reliability Remarks: The test adheres to guideline requirements with no serious deviations and meets all validity requirements. Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Key 

### Reference - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Plants Reference: Olivieri, C.E, Boeri, R.L., Ward, T.R. 2000a. Effec t of CL 271,197 on the Growth of Selenastrum capricornutum. American Cyanamid Compan y. Report Number ETX-99-133. Performing Laboratory: T.R. Wilbury Laboratories, I nc. 40 Doaks Lane, Marblehead, MA, 01945, Study No. 1724-AC. 

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## Acute Toxicity to Aquatic Plants

CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Plants Test Substance: (102268-15-5) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-ethy lTest Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: The test substance, CL 271,191 (C9H9NO4), had a pur ity of 99.1%.

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: See Test Plan and Category Analysis

Test Substance Result Type: Measured 

### Method - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Plants Year Study Performed: 2000 Method/Guideline Followed: Other
Other Method/Guideline: EPA OPP 123-2
Deviations from Method/Guideline: Species: Other Other Species: Lemna gibba (duckweed)

GLP: Yes Analytical Monitoring: Yes Test Type:

Test Vessel: Water Media Type:

Test Concentrations: Nominal and Measured Concentrations: nominal concentrations: 0 (control), 3.0, 6.3, 13, 25, 50, and 100 mg test substance/L. Analytical verification of the nominal concentratio ns gave the following measured concentrations: <2.0 (LOQ/control), 2.72, 7.01, 13.0, 23.8, 49.8, and 101 mg test substance/L. Not all measured test concentrations were 70% of nominal at the end of the experiment, therefore, th e initially measured concentrations were used for all calculations.

Exposure Period: 14 Days 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintVehicle Used:

Vehicle Name:

Vehicle Amount and Units: Alkalinity: Dissolved Oxygen: pH Value: Value/Lower Range: = 3.5 Upper Range: 5.1 Test Temperature and Units: Value/Lower Range: 24 Upper Range: 24.3 °C
Photo (Light/Dark): 24/0 Salinity:

TOC:

Water Hardness:
Method/Guideline Test Conditions Remarks: The study was conducted according to USEPA 40 CFR, Subdivision J, Series 123-2 and EU Council Directive 91/414/EEC, Annex II, 8.2.8 as amended by EU Commission Directive 96/12/EC. Medium used for the acclimation of Lemna gibba G3 a nd for all toxicity testing was sterile M-Hoagland's media without sucr ose or EDTA adjusted to pH 5.0 +/- 0.1 with 0.1N NaOH. All duckweed used in the test was originally suppli ed from the Climate Stress Laboratory, USDA, Beltsville, MD. The duckweed was maintained at test conditions prior to the beginning of the test. A portion of th e culture was transferred to fresh media every 7 days. The inoculum used in this study was actively growing and 11 days old at the start of the test. Stock solutions were prepared in medium to yield th e following nominal concentrations: 0 (control), 3.0, 6.3, 13, 25, 50, and 100 mg test substance/L. Duckweed was distributed among 4 replicates of each treatment at a rate of 3 plants, each with 4 fronds per plant (12 fronds per vessel) . The test vessels were 500 mL Erlenmeyer flasks that each contained 200 mL of tes t solution. The test organisms were randomly assigned to vessels at the beginning of the test. Analytical verification of exposure concentrations was performed by the Sponsor using analytical method titled: Validation and analytical procedure for the determination of CL 271,197 in Lemna gibba G3 Algal media. Temperature of the incubator was measured with a th ermometer and recorded daily. Both temperature and pH were determined in the indi vidual replicate vessels at the beginning of the test, in the uninoculated 5th cont rol replicate at 72 hours, and in pooled replicates of each concentration at the end of the test. The temperature of water in a repr esentative flask incubated among the test vessels was recorded continuously. Observations on growth were performed on Day 1, 3, 6, 8, 10, 13, and 14 of exposure. The number of parental fronds and fronds that visib ly extended beyond the edge of the parental frond was noted in addition to the num ber of chlorotic fronds, the presence of flowers, and any abnormalities. At the conclusion of the 14 day test, the plants from each replicate were dried for 4 day s at 65-70 deg C, placed in a dessicator at room temperature for 1 day, and then weighed. Both temperature and pH of the incubator was measured and recorded daily, t emperature and pH of the controls and test vessels was recorded at the beginning of t he test and in pooled replicates of each concentration at the end of the test. A rep resentative flask of water, incubated with the test vessels, was continuously m onitored throughout the 14 days 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintfor temperature. Continuous light was maintained w ith cool-white fluorescent lights. Statistical analyses were performed using the numbe r of normal (nonchlorotic) fronds and frond biomass (dry weight) in relation t o the initial measured concentrations of test substance. The 14 day EC50 and EC25 were calculated using weighted least squares non-linear regression when warranted. Because the total amount of growth for a ll test concentrations was >50% of control growth, the 14- day EC50 could not be calculated using the number of fronds. The NOECs for duckweed growth (frond number) and bi omass (dry weight of fronds) were determined on day-14. A Chi-square test confirmed t hat the data were normally distributed and Bartlett's test that the variances were homogenous. ANVOA and Dunnett's test were used to compare the treatment a nd control data based on inhibition. Limit Test: No 

### Test Results - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Plants NOEC Exposure Duration: 14 Days

NOEC: = 49.8 mg/L Initial Measured LOEC Exposure Duration: LOEC: NOELR Exposure Duration: NOELR: LOELR Exposure Duration: LOELR:

Effect : Exposure Duration Exposure

Units Type % Value Description Mean

Value or Lower Mean Value Upper

Mean Value Units Basis

for Effect Basis for

Concentration

14 Days EC 50 % > 101 mg/L Biomass 14 Days EC 50 % > 101 mg/L Other

Results Remarks: Analytical verification of the nominal concentratio ns gave the following measured concentrations: <2.0 (LOQ/control), 2.72, 7.01, 13.0, 23.8, 49.8, and 101 mg test substance/L. Not all measured test concentrations were 70% of nominal at the end of the experiment, therefore, the initially mea sured concentrations were used for all calculations. These low recoveries suggest that the test substance was degraded throughout the 14 day exposure. A 24 hour light and 0 hour dark photoperiod with co ol-white fluorescent lights was maintained throughout the experiment. The range of temperature in the incubator throughout the course of the study was 24.0 to 24.3 deg C. The pH of the test me dium 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintranged from 3.5 at the beginning of the test to 5.1 at the end. The mean number of fronds in the controls on day-14 was 281. Inhibition was only seen at the 101 mg test substance/L dose level (43% ). All other doses were stimulatory of frond growth. Calculated Using Plant Biomass (mg test substance/L ): EC25 86.9 EC50 >101 Calculated Using the Number of Fronds (mg test subs tance/L): EC25 99.8 EC50 >101 14-day NOEC = 49.8 mg test substance/L (based on bo th the number of normal fronds and plant biomass).


### Reliability/Data Quality - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Pl ants Reliability: 1 - Valid Without Restrictions Reliability Remarks: The study adheres to USEPA 40 CFR, Subdivision J, S eries 123-2 and EU Council Directive 91/414/EEC, Annex II, 8.2.8 as amended by EU Commission Directive 96/12/EC without any major deviations. Key Study Sponsor Indicator: 

### Reference - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Plants Reference: Olivieri, C.E, Boeri, R.L., Ward, T.R. 2000b. Effec t of CL 271,197 on the Growth of Lemna gibba G3. American Cyanamid Company. Report N umber ETX-99-131. Performing Laboratory: T.R. Wilbury Laboratories, Inc. 40 Doak s Lane, Marblehead, MA, 01945, Study No. 1725-AC. 

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## Acute Toxicity to Aquatic Plants

CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Plants Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: The test substance, 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, Reg. No. 4036318, batch AC12649- 108, had a purity of 99.0%.

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Measured

Test Substance Result Type: Measured 

### Method - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Plants Year Study Performed: 2009 Method/Guideline Followed: OECD 201
Other Method/Guideline: Deviations from Method/Guideline: No Species: Pseudokirchnerella subcapitata

GLP: Yes Analytical Monitoring: Yes Test Type: Static
Test Vessel: Open Water Media Type: Freshwater

Test Concentrations: Measured
Nominal and Measured Concentrations: Nominal test concentrations of: 0 (control), 10, 18 , 32, 56, and 100 mg/L. 0-hr measured concentrations: n.d., 9.93, 17.88, 31 .57, 55.67 and 101.8 mg/L. 72-hr measured concentrations: n.d., 10.09, 18.34, 32.13, 57.85 and 105.8 mg/L. Exposure Period: 72 Hours
Vehicle Used: No
Vehicle Name:

Vehicle Amount and Units: 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintAlkalinity:

Dissolved Oxygen: pH Value: Value/Lower Range: = 7.42 Upper Range: 7.59 Test Temperature and Units: Value/Lower Range: 22 °C
Photo (Light/Dark): continuous light Salinity:

TOC:

Water Hardness:
Method/Guideline Test Conditions Remarks: The study was performed according to OECD Guideline 201, The exposure period was 72 hours. EC10 and EC50 values were calculated based u pon both growtn rate and yield. Test medium was prepared per OECD Guideline 201 and the pH adjusted to 8.1. Medium was filter-sterilized (0.2 microns). Algae used in the test were obtained from stock cul tures cultivated in the testing facility. The original culture was obtained from th e "Sammlung von Algenkulturen" Gottingen (Germany), specification SAG 61.81 Pseudo kirchneriella subcapitata. The results of a pre-test were used to establish th e test concentrations for the definitive test. Five replicates were prepared for each test substance concentration (10 replicates for the control). A stock solution w as prepared by adding 100 mg of test substance to 1000 mL nutrient medium and adjus ting the pH to 8.1. The stock solution was clear and colorless. Aliquots of the s tock solution were then diluted with medium to prepare the test concentrations, of which 60 mL were added to each replicate flask (100 mL Erlenmeyer flasks). Flasks were inoculated with algae from a 4-day old preculture to obtain an initial cell conc entration of about 10,000 cells/mL. Test vessels were shaken constantly at about 135 rp m. The temperature was maintained at 22 +/- 1 degrees C and continuous uniform illumi nation was provided by universal white-type fluorescent lamps yielding approximately 8000 lux. Samples were collected at the beginning and end of the test for verification of test concentrations. Analyses were conducted using HPLC with UV detection. Cell concentration in each flask was determined 24, 48 and 72 hours after test initiation using a spectrophotometer (623 nm, 5 cm glass cuvettes). The blank was algal medium without algae. To obtain the actual nu mber of cells, a linear correlation was calculated from cell numbers (count ed under a microscope) versus extinction values. The EC10 and EC50 were calculated based upon both y ield and growth rate. (Yield is defined as the biomass at the end of the exposure p eriod minus the biomass at the start). Calculations were performed using probit a nalysis, logit analysis, and loglog analysis, with the probit model providing the b est fit selected. Commericial software (TOXSTAT 3.5) was used.

Limit Test: 

### Test Results - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Plants NOEC Exposure Duration: 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintNOEC:

LOEC Exposure Duration: LOEC: NOELR Exposure Duration: NOELR: LOELR Exposure Duration: LOELR:

Effect : Exposure Duration Exposure

Units Type % Value Description Mean

Value or Lower Mean Value Upper

Mean Value Units Basis

for Effect Basis for

Concentration

72 Hours EC 50 % > 100 mg/L Growth Rate Nominal 72 Hours EC 10 % > 100 mg/L Growth Rate Nominal 72 Hours EC 50 % > 100 mg/L Biomass Nominal 72 Hours EC 10 % > 100 mg/L Biomass Nominal

Results Remarks: For the nominal concentrations of 0, 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L, the measured test concentrations were n.d., 9.93, 17.88, 31.57, 55.67 and 101.8 mg/L at test initiation and n.d., 10.09, 18.34, 32.13, 57.85 and 105.8 mg/L at test termination. This represents 98.6 - 101.8% of nominal (average 9 9.7%) at test initiation and 100.9 - 105.8% of nominal (average of 102.5%) at te st termination. No test substance was detected in the controls (limit of detection = 0.27 mg/L). Test results were calculated using the nominal values. Based upon growth rate after 72 h, the test substan ce resulted in 0.4% inhibition to 0.5% stimulation. Based upon yield after 72 h, the test substance resulted in 1.7% inhibition to 2.2% stimulation. No morphological ef fects upon the algae were observed. All EC10 and EC50 values were > 100 mg/L. The validity criteria in OECD 201 were met, as foll ows: Biomass increase was 75.1 (> criterion of 16). Mean coefficient of variation in the section-by-sec tion growth rate in the control cultures was 5.8% (< criterion of 35%). Coefficient of variation of average specific growth rate during the entire test in the controls was 0.5% (< criterion of 7%). 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Pl ants Reliability: 1 - Valid Without Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Key 

### Reference - Acute Toxicity To Aquatic Plants Reference: Hoffmann, F. 2009. Effect of Reg. No. 4036318 (Meta bolite and Intermediate of BAS 693 H, Imazapyr) on the Growth of the Green Alga, P seudokirchneriella subcapitata. 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintBASF DocID 2009/1011444, BASF SE, BASF Agricultural Center Limburgerhof, Crop Protection Division, Ecology and Environmental Anal ytics, P.O. Box 120, 67114 Limburgerhof, Germany. 

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## Acute Toxicity CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Acute Toxicity Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: Quinolinic acid

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: 

### Method - Acute Toxicity Route of Administration: Dermal Type of Exposure: Species: Rabbit
Mammalian Strain:

Gender:

Number of Animals per Dose: Dose: Year Study Performed: Method/Guideline Followed: GLP:
Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: No information provided.



### Test Results - Acute Toxicity Concentration (LC/LD) : LC/LD % Value Description Value/Lower

Concentration Upper

Concentration Units LD 50 % > 200 mg/kg -bw 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintNumber of Deaths ( Male ): Number of Deaths ( Female ): Number of Deaths ( Total ): Results Remarks:

Conclusion: 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Acute Toxicity Reliability: 4 - Not Assignable Reliability Remarks: Key Study Sponsor Indicator: 

### Reference - Acute Toxicity Reference: Material Safety Data Sheet. Quinolinic Acid MSDS. P repared By: Sciencelab.com, Inc. 14025 Smith Rd, Houston, T X 77369. 

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## Acute Toxicity CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Acute Toxicity Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: Quinolinic acid

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: 

### Method - Acute Toxicity Route of Administration: Oral Type of Exposure: Species: Rat
Mammalian Strain:

Gender:

Number of Animals per Dose: Dose: Year Study Performed: Method/Guideline Followed: GLP:
Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: No information provided.



### Test Results - Acute Toxicity Concentration (LC/LD) : LC/LD % Value Description Value/Lower

Concentration Upper

Concentration Units LD 50 % > 500 mg/kg -bw 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintNumber of Deaths ( Male ): Number of Deaths ( Female ): Number of Deaths ( Total ): Results Remarks:

Conclusion: 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Acute Toxicity Reliability: 4 - Not Assignable Reliability Remarks: Key Study Sponsor Indicator: 

### Reference - Acute Toxicity Reference: Material Safety Data Sheet. Quinolinic Acid MSDS. P repared By: Sciencelab.com, Inc. 14025 Smith Rd, Houston, T X 77369. 

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## Acute Toxicity CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Acute Toxicity Test Substance: (102268-15-5) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-ethy lTest Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: The test substance, CL 271,197, toxicology sample n o. 85- 204, sample ID AC 5007-64B, was stated as 89.7% pur e.

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: See Test Plan and Category Analysis 

### Method - Acute Toxicity Route of Administration: Dermal Type of Exposure: Occlusive Species: Rabbit
Mammalian Strain: New Zealand White
Gender: Both M/F
Number of Animals per Dose: 10

Dose: 2000 mg/kg Year Study Performed: 1985 Method/Guideline Followed: GLP: No Data Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: This study was conducted with methodology similar t o OECD 402. This is a dermal acute toxicity limit test. 5 Male and 5 female albino rabbits, strain New Zealand White (Skippac Farms), aged 12- 14 weeks, weighing between 2.41-3.07 kg were used. A single dermal dose was applied to intact skin in order to calculate an acute dermal toxicity LD50 value. The animals were housed individually in standard st ainless steel laboratory cages. They were fed Purina Rabbit Chow (nonmedicat ed). The animals were assigned to groups based on their body weights as to equalize mean initial weights among the test group. The animals were ear-tagged for identification. The ir body weights were recorded on day 0 of the experiment an d weekly thereafter. Nonfasted animals were shaved 24 hours prior to dos ing. The test material was delivered to the skin in an aqueo us paste by gentle inunction of the ventral surface of the a nimal to 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintprovide a dosage of 2000 mg/kg. The application are a was approximately 10% of the body surface area. The tes t material was held on the skin for 24 hours under an impervious plastic cuff. At 24 hours, the cuff was removed and the application site was wiped with a gauze pad . The animals were fitted with collars to prevent ingesti on of any of the test material. The animals were observed for a period of 14 days, daily, for toxic signs. The anim als were sacrificed and subjected to gross necropsy after th e 14 day period.
TEST CONDITIONS Temperature: 68-72 deg F Humidity: 40-60% 

### Test Results - Acute Toxicity Concentration (LC/LD) : LC/LD % Value Description Value/Lower

Concentration Upper

Concentration Units LD 50 % > 2000 mg/kg -bw

Number of Deaths ( Male ): Number of Deaths ( Female ): Number of Deaths ( Total ): 0
Results Remarks: No mortalities. No signs of intoxication were obser ved. Upon gross necropsy, hemorrhagic areas of the lung were found in 8/10 animals. No visible lesions were note d in 2/10 animals. Since there were no mortalities, the LD50 for both males and females is > 2000 mg/kg bw. Conclusion: The LD50 for both males and females is > 2000 mg/kg bw.



### Reliability/Data Quality - Acute Toxicity Reliability: 1 - Valid Without Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Similar to OECD Guideline 402: Acute Dermal Toxicit y. Only minor deviations: no data on acclimatisation period , light:dark photoperiod. This is a limit study so on ly one dose was given. Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Key 

### Reference - Acute Toxicity Reference: Fischer, J.E. 1985. Toxicity Report Data. Animal In dustry R/D. Agricultural Research Division. American Cyana mid Co. P.O. Box 400, Princeton, NJ 08540. Report# A85-79. 

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## Acute Toxicity CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Acute Toxicity Test Substance: (102268-15-5) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-ethy lTest Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: The test substance, CL 271,197, Lot number AC 8884- 54B, had a purity of 99.1%.

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: See Test Plan and Category Analysis 

### Method - Acute Toxicity Route of Administration: Oral Type of Exposure: Gavage Species: Rat
Mammalian Strain: Sprague-Dawley
Gender: Both M/F
Number of Animals per Dose: 10

Dose: 5000 mg/kg Year Study Performed: 1999 Method/Guideline Followed: EPA OPP 81-1

GLP: Yes Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: The experiment followed EPA pesticide assessment gu ideline No.81-1. This is a limit test. Only one dose of 5,000 mg/kg bw was administered. The test animals were both male (5) a nd female (5). The males were aged 8 weeks and weighed 212-229 g and the females were 11 weeks and 208-234 g respe ctively. The animals were housed individually in stainless s teel cages with wire mesh bottoms. They were fed PMI Cer tified Rodent Diet #5002 ad libitum. They were allowed access to filte red tap water ad libitum. The animals were randomly assigned to dose groups. The animals were fasted overnight prior to the administ ration of the test substance. The animals received the tes t substance in a single oral dose via intubation, usi ng a ball-tipped needle and syringe. The individual dose s were calculated using the fasted body weights. Two hours after the adminstration of the test substance feeding was 

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TEST CONDITIONS Temperature: 66-77 deg F (22 +/- 3 deg C) Humidity: 50% +/- 20% Light/Dark Cycle: 12 hour light/dark cycle controlled by an automatic timer Air Changes: At least 10/hour
OBSERVATIONS The animals were observed for clinical signs and mo rtality after administration of the test substance and ever y day thereafter for the 14 day observation period. Body weights were recorded on D ay 0 (prior to dosing), Day 7, and on Day 14. Gross neco psies were performed on all decedents and on all survivin g animals at the end of the study. The necropsy inclu ded: examination of the external surface and all orifice s, the organs and tissues of the thoraicic, abdominal and pelvic cavities, and the remainder of the carcass. No statistical analysis was performed during the co urse of the studies. 

### Test Results - Acute Toxicity Concentration (LC/LD) : LC/LD % Value Description Value/Lower

Concentration Upper

Concentration Units LD 50 % > 5000 mg/kg -bw

Number of Deaths ( Male ): Number of Deaths ( Female ): 2
Number of Deaths ( Total ): 2
Results Remarks: MORTALITY Two females died at Day 2 post-dosing.
CLINICAL SIGNS Salivation was noticed immediately after dosing in 2 males and 2 females; however, they returned to normal by hour 2 of the s tudy. Decreased activity and diarrhea were observed in on e male on days 1-2. Decreased activity was observed in one female on day 1 and diarrhea was observed on day 2 in thre e females. Surviving females recovered by day 3.
BODY WEIGHT All surviving animals gained weight during the cour se of the study.
GROSS NECROPSY No treatment-related pathological findings in deced ents or in animals sacrificed at the termination of the study. Conclusion: Males: LD50 > 5,000 mg/kg bw (highest dose tested). Females: LD50 > 5,000 mg/kg bw (highest dose tested ). 

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### Reliability/Data Quality - Acute Toxicity Reliability: 1 - Valid Without Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Weight of Evidence 

### Reference - Acute Toxicity Reference: Lowe, C.A. 1999. Oral LD50 Study in Albino Rats wit h CL 271197. Toxicology Study Report Number A98-100. Ame rican Cyanamid Company. Agricultural Products Research Di vision. Toxicology Department. P.O. Box 400. Princeton, NJ 08543- 0400. 

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## Acute Toxicity CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Acute Toxicity Test Substance: (102268-15-5) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-ethy lTest Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: The test substance, CL 271,197, toxicology sample n o. 85- 204, sample ID AC 5007-64B, was stated as 89.7% pur e.

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: See Test Plan and Category Analysis 

### Method - Acute Toxicity Route of Administration: Oral Type of Exposure: Gavage Species: Rat
Mammalian Strain: Other
Other Strain:

Gender: Both M/F
Number of Animals per Dose: Dose: The following nominal dosages were given (number of animals in the group in parentheses): 1250 mg/kg bw (5), 25 00 mg/kg bw (10), 5000 mg/kg bw (10), and 7500 mg/kg bw (5). Year Study Performed: 1985 Method/Guideline Followed: GLP: No Data Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: The albino rats were aged 6-7 weeks and were in the weight range of 159-210 g and 149-181 g for males and fema les respectively. Body weights were recorded initially and weekly thereafter. The animals were housed in suspe nded wire cages with water provided ad libitum. The anim als were assigned to dosage groups based on body weights so as to equalize mean initial weights among the groups. The animals were fed Purina Rodent Chow #5001.
TEST CONDITIONS Temperature: 70-74 deg F Humidity: 40-60% A total of 30 animals were fasted 18 hours prior to administration of the test substance. The test substance was delivered in the vehicle 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintcorn oil by gavage at 25-30% W/V final concentratio n in amounts that ranged from 3.13 to 25 mL of dispersion/kg bw. The following nominal dosages were given (number of animals in the group in parentheses): 1250 mg/kg bw (5), 2500 mg/kg bw (10), 5000 mg/kg bw (10), and 7500 mg/kg bw (5). All animals were observed daily during the 14 day obser vation period for mortality, toxic symptoms, and recovery. Any dead or moribund animals were sacrificed and underw ent necropsy. At the end of the 14 day observation peri od all surviving animals were sacrificed and underwent nec ropsy. 

### Test Results - Acute Toxicity Concentration (LC/LD) : LC/LD % Value Description Value/Lower

Concentration Upper

Concentration Units LD 50 % = 4251 mg/kg -bw

Number of Deaths ( Male ): Number of Deaths ( Female ): Number of Deaths ( Total ): Results Remarks: The experimental LD50 values obtained were: Male: 5120 mg/kg [No 95% CI calculable] Female: 3353 mg/kg [1906-8842] Combined: 4251 mg/kg [3167-5646] MORTALITY, CLINICAL SIGNS, GROSS PATHOLOGY 1250 mg/kg dose: No mortalities. 3/5 rats had hemor rhagic areas of the lung, 2/5 had no visible lesions. 2500 mg/kg dose: One mortality. 5/9 survivors had hemorrhagic areas of the lung. The decedent was dosed in the lung. 4/9 survi vors had no visible lesions of the lungs. 5000 mg/kg dose: Five mortalities, of which a had congestion of the liver, kidneys, and the lung (4/5 had congestion of the lung, one of the decedents was cannibalized and autolyized therefore no necrop sy was performed). 4/4 survivors presented no visible lesi ons. 7500 mg/kg dose: All five animals in this dose grou p died during the observation period. 3/5 had a congested liver and k indey, 4/5 had hemorrhage of the stomach, and 1/5 presente d hemorrhage of the lung. Conclusion: The experimental LD50 values obtained were: Male: 5120 mg/kg [No 95% CI calculable] Female: 3353 mg/kg [1906-8842] Combined: 4251 mg/kg [3167-5646] 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Acute Toxicity Reliability: 1 - Valid Without Restrictions 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintReliability Remarks: Similar to EPA OPPTS 870.1100 Acute Oral Toxicity Guideline. No data on acclimation period, rats were younger than the recommended 8-12 weeks of age. Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Key 

### Reference - Acute Toxicity Reference: Fischer, J.E. 1985. Toxicity Report Data. Animal In dustry R/D. Agricultural Research Division. American Cyana mid Co. P.O. Box 400, Princeton, NJ 08540. Report# A85-79. 

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## Repeated-Dose Toxicity CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Repeated-Dose Toxicity Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid (PDC), Batch number 080319, 99.7% purity

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Measured 

### Method - Repeated-Dose Toxicity Route of Administration: Oral Type of Exposure: Gavage Species: Rat
Mammalian Strain: Wistar
Gender: Both M/F
Number of Animals per Dose: 20

Dose: Test substance: 50 mg/kg bw/d, 250 mg/kg bw/d or 10 00 mg/kg bw/d Vehicle control: 1% Carboxymethylcellulose Year Study Performed: 2010 Method/Guideline Followed: OECD 422

GLP: Yes Exposure Period: 31 - 56 Days Frequency of Treatment: Daily Post-Exposure Period: 1 Days Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: The study was carried out in accordance with or exc eeding the requirements of the following test guidelines: (1) OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals; No. 4 22, Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with the Reproduction/ Developmental Toxicity Screening Test (22 Mar 1996); (2) EPA, Health Effects Test Guidelines; OPPTS 870. 3650: Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study With the Reproduction/ Developmental Toxicity Screening Test (Jul 2000) 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid (PDC) was administer ed orally by gavage to groups of 10 male and 10 female Wistar ra ts (F0 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintanimals). The duration of treatment covered a 2-wee k pre-mating and mating period in both sexes, approximately 1 we ek post-mating in males, the entire gestation period as well as 4 days of lactation in females followed by an additional treatment until one day before sacrifice. F0 animals were mated 13 days after the beginning o f treatment to produce litter (F1 generation pups). Mating pairs w ere from the same test group. Mating was discontinued as soon as sperm was detected in the vaginal smear. In the reproductive portion of this study, F0 animals were examined for their reproductive performance including determination of the number of implantati on sites and the calculation of postimplantation loss for all F0 females. Male and female rats were 9-13 weeks of age at the start of the administration period. The rats were housed indivi dually in Makrolon type M III cages supplied by Becker & Co., CastropRauxel, Germany (floor area of about 800 cm2), with the following exceptions: (a) During overnight matings, male and female mating partners were housed together in Makrolon type M II I cages; (b) Pregnant animals and their litters were housed toge ther until PND 4 (end of lactation); (c) For motor activity (MA) measurements the animals were housed individually in polycarbonate c ages with wire covers from Ehret, Emmendingen, Germany (floor area of about 800 cm2) and small amounts of bedding material. The ani mals were housed in fully air-conditioned rooms with a temper ature range of 20-24 degrees C and a relative humidity range of 30 -70%. The air change rate was 10 times per hour. The day/night cy cle was 12 hours (12 hours light from 06:00 h to 18:00 h; 12 h ours dark from 18:00 h to 06:00 h). Food (ground Kliba maintenance diet mouse/rat "GLP" meal, supplied by Provimi Kliba SA, Kaiseraug st, Switzerland) and drinking water in bottles was avai lable ad libitum. The aqueous test substance suspensions were prepare d at the beginning of the administration period and thereaft er at intervals that took into account the analytical results of th e stability verification. For the test substance preparation, t he specified amount of the test substance was weighed into a cal ibrated beaker, topped up with drinking water containing 1% Carboxymethylc ellulose and was intensely mixed with a homogenizer. A magnetic stir rer was used to keep the preparations homogeneous during tr eatment of the animals. Samples of the test substance preparations were collected at the beginning and towards the end of the adminis tration period for verification of the concentrations. Cageside examinations were conducted at least daily for any abnormalities. Generally, food consumption and body weight were measured once a week. Detailed clinical observation s were performed prior to administration and weekly therea fter. Parameters examined included behavior, fur, skin, p osture, salivation, nassl discharge, respiration, activity/ arousal level, tremors, convulsions, abnormal movements, impairmen t of gait, lacrimation, palpebral closure, exopthalmos, pupil size, appearance/consistency of feces, urine, and other f indings. A detailed clinical observation (DCO) was performed in all F0 animals before test substance administration and th ereafter at weekly intervals. Food consumption of the F0 parent s was determined regularly during premating and after the mating period and during the gestation and lactation periods in d ams. In general, body weights of F0 animals were determined once a week. Clinicochemical and hematological examinations and urinalyses were performed in 5 F0 parental animals of either sex and group towards the end of the administration period. At the end o f the administration period a functional observational ba ttery was performed and motor activity was measured in 5 F0 p arental males and females per test group. All surviving F0 paren tal animals were sacrificed and assessed by gross pathology. Or gan weights were recorded and a histopathological examination w as performed. At the end of the study (males: study day 31, femal es: study days 53 and 56), the animals were sacrificed after a fas ting period (withdrawal of food) for at least 16-20 hours. The following 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintorgans were weighed: liver, kidneys, adrenal glands , testes, epididymides, prostate, seminal vesicles including coagulation glands, ovaries, uterus, thymus, spleen, brain, heart, and thyroid glands (with parathyroids). For at least the vehicl e control and high dose groups, histopathological examinations we re made on these organs plus the following: trachea, lungs, sp inal cord, sciatic nerve, lymph nodes, stomach, intestines, bl adder, and bone marrow. All gross lesions were examined. Statistical tests used included DUNNETT-test (two-s ided) for simultaneous comparison of all test groups with the control group; FISHER'S EXACT Test and WILCOXON-test (one-sided) for the pairwise comparison of each test group with the control grou p and KRUSKALWALLIS test (two-sided) for Non-parametric one-way analysis. 

### Test Results - Repeated - Dose Toxicity Concentration (LOAEL/ LOAEC/ NOAEL/ NOAEC) : LOAEL/ LOAEC/ NOAEL/ NOAEC Population Value Description Value/Lower

Concentration Upper

Concentration Units

NOAEL Male

(Paternal) = 50 mg/kg bw NOAEL Female

(Maternal) = 250 mg/kg bw

Results Remarks: Signs of general systemic toxicity were only observ ed in male parental animals at a dose level of 1000 mg/kg bw/d during the premating period as there were significantly lower body weights accompanied with reduced food consumption but not w ith reduced general condition. Male animals of test groups 1 (5 0 mg/kg bw/d) and 2 (250 mg/kg bw/d) did not show any findings. N o test substance-related findings were observed for female animals up to a dose level of 1000 mg/kg bw/d during the entire s tudy period. One female animal in test group 3 (1000 mg/kg bw/d) was found dead within the second week of the study. This finding w as considered to be incidental and not treatment related as no pa thological finding could explain the premature death. In addit ion, all other animals of test group 3 (1000 mg/kg bw/d) did not s how severe clinical findings. Regarding pathology, test substance-related finding s occurred in animals of test groups 2 and 3 (250 and 1000 mg/kg bw/d). The body weight of males in test group 3 (1000 mg/kg bw/d) w as significantly decreased when compared to controls. This reduction in body weight was possibly related to the cecum fi ndings, where males revealed desquamation of the cecal epithelial cells. The cecum of males and females of test group 3 (1000 mg /kg bw/d) revealed increased numbers of apoptosis. This cell loss (desquamation) and programmed cell death (apoptosis ) was regarded to be induced by the test substance and adverse in nature. Female animals exclusively showed apoptosis and no sheddin g/desquamation of the epithelial cells. In the thymus of some test substancetreated animals an increase of starry sky cells (up take of apoptotic cells/debris by macrophages) was observed . As there was no clear dose response relationship (males: 0/2/0/3 , females: 0/3/1/2), a treatment-related effect is regarded to be very unlikely. The animal that was found dead revealed t he most severe increase in starry sky cells in the thymus. The app earance of the starry sky cells is known to occur during involutio n of the thymus, starving or stress. In this animal the incr ease in starry sky cells is regarded to be due to the stress durin g agony. In the test group 1 (50 mg/kg bw/d), no test-substa nce related, relevant findings were observed in F0 parental anim als in clinical 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintexamination, clinical pathology or pathology. In the test group 2 (250 mg/kg bw/d), no test-subst ance related, relevant findings were observed in F0 parental animals in clinical examinations and clinical pathology. Minimal desqu amation of cecal epithelium in 4 males were observed in F0 par ental animals upon pathological examination. In the test group 3 (1000 mg/kg bw/d), decreased fo od consumption in F0 parental males during the first study week, b ody weight loss in F0 parental males through study week 0-1 and sig nificantly lower mean body weight during study weeks 1-3 were observed upon clinical examinations of F0 parental animals. No te st-substance related, relevant findings were observed in F0 pare ntal animals upon clinical pathology examinations. However, red uced terminal body weight of male animals, minimal to mild desquamation of cecal epithelium in 7 males, minimal to moderate increase in apoptotic cell numbers of the cecal epithelium in 5 males and 7 females, and minimal to moderate increase in starry sky cells in the thymus of 3 males and 2 females were observed upon pathological examinations in F0 parental animals. Conclusion: The NOAEL for general, systemic toxicity of the test substance was 50 mg/kg bw/d for the male F0 parental animals base d on impaired body weight data as well as pathological findings i n the gastrointestinal tract and 250 mg/kg bw/d for the f emale F0 parental animals based on pathological findings in the gastrointestinal tract. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Repeated-Dose Toxicity Reliability: 1 - Valid Without Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Key 

### Reference - Repeated - Dose Toxicity Reference: Buesen, R., Strauss, V., Treumann, S., Fabian, E., van Ravenzwaay, B. 2010. 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid (PDC) Com bined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with the Reproduction/Developme ntal Toxicity Screening Test in Wistar Rats Oral Administration ( Gavage). BASF DocID 2010/1173791. BASF SE, 67056 Ludwigshafen, G ermany. 

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## Genetic Toxicity in vivo CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid



### Test Substance - Genetic Toxicity in vivo Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid (PDC), Batch ID 080319, CAS No 89-00-9, purity of 99.7%
Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Measured 

### Method - Genetic Toxicity in vivo Type of Study: Bone Marrow Chromosomal Aberration Type of Test: Micronucleus assay
Route of Administration: Oral Type of Exposure: Gavage Species: Mouse
Strain: NMRI
Gender: Male

Dose: 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, and 2000 mg/kg body weight Year Study Performed: 2008 Method/Guideline Followed: OECD 474

GLP: Yes
Duration of Treatment/ Exposure Period and Units: 24 Hours

Frequency of Treatment: Twice Positive, Negative, and Solvent Control Substance(s): The vehicle control: 20 mL corn oil The positive control: 20 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CP P, Endoxan®; Baxter Oncology GmbH; Cat. No.E 432-1; contains 100 mg CPP) orally and 0.15 mg/kg vincristine sulfate (VCR, SIGMA; Cat. No. V-8879; purity: 90 - 95%) intraperitoneally. Positive controls were administered once Number of Animals per Sex and Dose Group: 5 mice/dose (for vehicle control, positive control and test substance groups) 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintMethod/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: The study was conducted according to the following 3 test guidelines: 1)OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals No. 474, 21 Jul 1997, "Mammalian Erythrocyte Micronucle us Test"; 2)Commission Regulation (EC) No 440/2008 of 30 May 2008 laying down test methods pursuant to Regulatio n (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH), Part B: Methods for the determination of toxicity a nd other health effects: Mutagenicity - In vivo Mammalian Erythrocyte Micronucleus Test, No B. 12; No L 142; 3)US EPA OPPTS 870.5395, Aug 1998, "Mammalian Erythrocyte Micronucleus Test" Male mice were 5-8 weeks of age with a mean body weight at the beginning of the study of 29.2 g. The mice were housed in Makrolon cages, type M I; singl e housing, in fully air-conditioned rooms with centra l AC. The acclimatization period was at least 5-days and the temperature was 20-24 degrees C with a relative humidity of 30-70%. The photoperiod was 12

- hours of light (from 6:00 to 18:00 hours) and 12- hours darkness (from 18:00 to 6:00 hours). The feed was standardized pelleted feed (Maus/Ratte Haltung "GLP", Provimi Kliba SA, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland) and drinking water from bottles was available ad libitum. The bedding was Type Lignocel FS 14 fibres , dustfree bedding, supplied by SSNIFF, Soest, German y. Mice were given 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid (PDC ) suspended in corn oil at dose levels of 500 mg/kg, 1 000 mg/kg and 2 000 mg/kg body weight. Treatment consisted of two oral administrations (24-hour interval between both administrations), except for both positive control groups which were administere d once only. The volume administered was 20 mL/kg bod y weight and 10 mL/kg body weight for the test substance and positive control groups, respectively
. To achieve homogeneity of the test substance in the vehicle, the test substance preparations were stirr ed with an ultraturrax. All test substance formulation s were prepared immediately before administration. Fo r determination of the test substance concentrations in the vehicle, at least 3 samples of each dose were analyzed by HPLC. Bone marrow was prepared as follows: the two femora of the animals sacrificed by cervical dislocation were prepared by dissection and removing all soft tissues. After cutting off the epiphyses, the bone marrow was flushed out of the diaphysis into a centrifuge tube using a cannula filled with fetal calf serum (FCS) which was pre-heated up to 37°C (about 2 mL/femur). The suspension was mixed thoroughly with a pipette and centrifuged at 300 x g for 5 minutes. The supernatant was removed and the precipitate was resuspended in about 50 microliters fresh FCS. One drop of this suspension was dropped onto clean microscopic slides, using a Pasteur pipette. Smears were prepared using slides with ground edges. The preparations were dried in the ai r and subsequently stained with eosin and methylene blue (modified May-Grünwald solution or Wrights solution) for about 5 minutes. After briefly rinsin g in purified water, the preparations were soaked in purified water for about 2 - 3 minutes. Subsequentl y, the slides were stained with Giemsa solution (15 mL Giemsa plus 185 mL purified water) for about 15 minutes. After rinsing twice in purified water and clarifying in xylene, the preparations were mounted 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintin Corbit-Balsam. In general, 2,000 polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) were evaluated for the occurrence of micronuclei from each animal of every test group, so in total 10,000 PCEs were scored per test group. The normochromatic erythrocytes (= normocytes / NCE) were also scored.
The statistical evaluation of the data was carried out using the program system MUKERN (BASF SE). The asymptotic U test according to MANN- WHITNEY (modified rank test according to WILCOXON) was also used. 

### Test Results - Genetic Toxicity in vivo Systemic Toxicity: No Effects
Genotoxic Effect: Negative
Results Remarks: Analytical confirmation of the doses indicated attaiment of 93.2% to 111.4% of nominal. There were no statistically significant or biologically relevant differences in the frequency of erythrocytes containing micronuclei between the vehicle control and the three dose groups. (Rates, per mille, were 0.9 for the vehicle control, 0.7 fo r the 500 mg/kg group, 1.1 for the 1,000 mg/kg group and 1.4 for the 2,000 mg/kg group). The positive control substance for clastogenicity, cyclophosphamide, led to a statistically significan t increase (10.5 per mille) in the number of polychromatic erythrocytes containing exclusively small micronuclei, as expected. Vincristine sulfate , a spindle poison, produced a statistically significant increase (57.3 per mille ) in the numbe r of polychromatic erythrocytes containing micronuclei. A significant portion increase, 13.2 per mille, was attributable to large micronuclei. The number of normochromatic or polychromatic erythrocytescontaining small micronuclei (d <D/4) in the PDCdosed groups did not deviate significantly from the vehicle control values and was within the historica l vehicle control data range. Large micronuclei (d >D/4) were not observed either in the vehicle contr ol or dosed groups. No inhibition of erythropoiesis induced by the treatment of mice with 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid (PDC) was detected. No clinical signs of toxicity were observed in the dosed animals, vehicle controls or positive controls. Study acceptance criteria were met. A sufficient number of analyzable cells were evaluated and there was a clear differentiation between PCEs and NCEs; the ratio of PCEs/NCEs in the vehicle controls was within the normal range for the animal; the number of cells containing micronuclei in the vehicle control s was within the historical range for controls for PCEs and NCEs; and the positive control substances had a distinct increase in the number of PCEs containing small and/or large micronuclei within the historica l range. Conclusion: The test substance 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid (PDC) has no chromosome- damaging (clastogenic) effect nor does it lead to any impairment of chromosome distribution in the course of mitosis (aneugenic activity) in bone marrow cells in vivo. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Genetic Toxicity in vivo 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintReliability: 1 - Valid Without Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Key



### Reference - Genetic Toxicity in vivo Reference: Schulz, M., Landsiedel, R. 2008. 2,3-Pydidine Dicarboxylic Acid (PDC) Micronucleus Test in Bone Marrow Cells of the Mouse. BASF DocID 2008/1087535. BASF Corporation, 63461 Missouri, US A. 

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## Genetic Toxicity in vitro CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid



### Test Substance - Genetic Toxicity in vitro Test Substance: (102268-15-5) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 5-ethy lTest Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: The test substance, CL 271,197, sample number AC 50 41-88, had a purity of 98%.

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: See Test Plan and Category Analysis 

### Method - Genetic Toxicity in vitro Type of Study: Bacterial reverse mutation assay
Concentrations: On the basis of the test substance as received, the dose levels were 1020 mcg for the disc test and 51, 161, 510, 1613, and 5100 mcg/plate, respectively, for the plate tes t. Year Study Performed: 1986 Method/Guideline Followed: GLP: No Data Postive, Negative, and Solvent Control Substance (s): All assays were conducted using concurrent positive and negative [solvent] controls.

Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: Approximately 1E8 cells from overnight cultures of histidine dependent tester strains of Salmonella typhimurium TA 1535 and TA 100 and TA 1537, TA 1538, and TA 98, as well as a tryptophan dependent tester strain of E. coli WP2ur vA-, were exposed to various concentrations of the test subst ance. Plates were incubated for about 48 hours. Tests wer e carried out with and without activation, using Aroclor-indu ced rat liver homogenate S-9. Plates showing evidence of to xicity to the bacteria [as determined by examination of the b ackground lawn, by the presence of reduced numbers of reverta nts (compared to the solvent controls), or by confirmat ion of phenotype (as shown by inability to grow when trans ferred to selective medium)] are not included in the calculat ions. In this particular study, four samples of CL 271,19 7 were tested in the bacterial/microsome reverse mutation test. Only the sample with the highest purity, AC5041-88 (98% pure), will be discussed. AC 5041-88 was tested using six strains (S. typhimu rium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 1538, and E. coli WP2u vrA-) for the disc and plate assays. The disc assay was perfo rmed at 1000 mcg/disc, 1 replication per dose level. The pl ate assay was performed 50, 158, 500, 1581, and 5000 mcg/plat e, 3 replications per dose level. The dose levels listed for this sample represents amounts of CL 271,197 as correcte d for sample purity. On the basis of CL 271,197 as receiv ed, the dose levels are 1020 mcg for the disc test and 51, 161, 510, 1613, and 5100 mcg/plate, respectively, for the pla te test. 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintAll assays were conducted using concurrent positive and negative [solvent] controls. 

### Test Results - Genetic Toxicity in vitro Details on Cytogenetic Assay: Statistics:

Effect : Species Other Species Strain Other

Strain Metabolic Activation Genotoxic

Effect Conclusion

Results Remarks: No mutagenic activity was observed with or without S-9 metabolic activation. Conclusion: The test substance is not mutagenic in the Ames microsome/bacterial testing system. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Genetic Toxicity in vitro Reliability: 1 - Valid Without Restrictions Reliability Remarks: The study is similar to OECD Guideline 471 Bacteria l Reverse Mutation Test. Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Key 

### Reference - Genetic Toxicity in vitro Reference: Bennett, W.J. 1986. Acute Toxicity and Mutagenicity Testing of CL 271,197. American Cyanamid Company. 

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## Reproductive Toxicity CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid 

### Test Substance - Reproductive Toxicity Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid (PDC), Batch number 080319, 99.7% purity

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Measured 

### Method - Reproductive Toxicity Route of Administration: Oral Type of Exposure: Gavage Species: Rat
Mammalian Strain: Wistar
Gender: Both M/F
Number of Animals per Dose: 20

Dose: Test substance: 50 mg/kg bw/d, 250 mg/kg bw/d or 10 00 mg/kg bw/d Vehicle control: 1% Carboxymethylcellulose Year Study Performed: 2010 Method/Guideline Followed: OECD 422

GLP: Yes Exposure Period: 31 - 56 Days Frequency of Treatment: Daily Post-Exposure Period: 1 Days Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: The study was carried out in accordance with or exc eeding the requirements of the following test guidelines: (1) OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals; No. 4 22, Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with the Reproduction/ Developmental Toxicity Screening Test (22 Mar 1996); (2) EPA, Health Effects Test Guidelines; OPPTS 870. 3650: Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study With the Reproduction/ Developmental Toxicity Screening Test (Jul 2000) 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid (PDC) was administer ed orally by gavage to groups of 10 male and 10 female Wistar ra ts (F0 animals). The duration of treatment covered a 2-week pre-mati ng and mating 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintperiod in both sexes, approximately 1 week post-mat ing in males, the entire gestation period as well as 4 days of la ctation in females followed by an additional treatment until o ne day before sacrifice. F0 animals were mated 13 days after the beginning o f treatment to produce litter (F1 generation pups). Mating pairs w ere from the same test group. Mating was discontinued as soon as sperm was detected in the vaginal smear. F0 animals were exam ined for their reproductive performance including determination of the number of implantation sites and the calculation of postimplantation loss for all F0 females. Male and female rats were 9-13 weeks of age at the start of the administration period. The rats were housed indivi dually in Makrolon type M III cages supplied by Becker & Co., Castrop- Rauxel, Germany (floor area of about 800 cm2), with the fol lowing exceptions: (a) During overnight matings, male and female mating partners were housed together in Makrolon type M II I cages; (b) Pregnant animals and their litters were housed together until PND 4 (end of lactation); (c) For motor activity (MA) mea surements the animals were housed individually in polycarbonate c ages with wire covers from Ehret, Emmendingen, Germany (floor area of about 800 cm2) and small amounts of bedding material. The ani mals were housed in fully air-conditioned rooms with a temperature r ange of 20-24 degrees C and a relative humidity range of 30-70%. The air change rate was 10 times per hour. The day/night cycle was 12 hours (12 hours light from 06:00 h to 18:00 h; 12 hours dark from 18:00 h to 06:00 h). Food (ground Kliba maintenance diet mouse/rat "GLP" meal, supplied by Provimi Kliba SA, Kaiseraugst, Switzerl and) and drinking water in bottles was available ad libitum. The aqueous test substance suspensions were prepare d at the beginning of the administration period and thereaft er at intervals that took into account the analytical results of th e stability verification. For the test substance preparation, t he specified amount of the test substance was weighed into a cal ibrated beaker, topped up with drinking water containing 1% Carboxy methylcellulose and was intensely mixed with a homogenizer. A magne tic stirrer was used to keep the preparations homogeneous during tr eatment of the animals. Samples of the test substance preparations were collected at the beginning and towards the end of the adminis tration period for verification of the concentrations. Cageside examinations were conducted at least daily for any abnormalities. Generally, food consumption and body weight were measured once a week. Detailed clinical observation s were performed prior to administration and weekly thereafter. Para meters examined included behavior, fur, skin, posture, salivation, nassl discharge, respiration, activity/arousal level, tremors, convu lsions, abnormal movements, impairment of gait, lacrimation, palpebr al closure, exopthalmos, pupil size, appearance/consistency of feces, urine, and other findings. A detailed clinical observation (DCO) was performed in all F0 animals before test substance administration and th ereafter at weekly intervals. Food consumption of the F0 parent s was determined regularly during premating and after the mating per iod and during the gestation and lactation periods in dams. In gen eral, body weights of F0 animals were determined once a week. Clinicochemical and hematological examinations and urinalyses were performed in 5 F0 parental animals of either sex and group towards the end of the administration period. At the end of the administr ation period a functional observational battery was performed and motor activity was measured in 5 F0 parental males and females per test group. All surviving F0 parental animals were sacr ificed and assessed by gross pathology. Organ weights were rec orded and a histopathological examination was performed. At the end of the study (males: study day 31, femal es: study days 53 and 56), the animals were sacrificed after a fas ting period (withdrawal of food) for at least 16- 20 hours. The following organs were weighed: liver, kidneys, adrenal glands, testes, ep ididymides, prostate, seminal vesicles including coagulation gl ands, ovaries, 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintuterus, thymus, spleen, brain, heart, and thyroid g lands (with parathyroids). For at least the vehicle control and high dose groups, histopathological examinations were made on these organs plus the following: trachea, lungs, spinal cord, sc iatic nerve, lymph nodes, stomach, intestines, bladder, and bone marrow. All gross lesions were examined. Statistical tests used included DUNNETT-test (two-s ided) for simultaneous comparison of all test groups with the control group; FISHER'S EXACT Test and WILCOXON-test (one-sided) f or the pairwise comparison of each test group with the control grou p and KRUSKALWALLIS test (two-sided) for Non-parametric one-way analysis. Pre-Mating Exposure / Males: 40 Pre-Mating Exposure / Females: 40 

### Test Results - Reproductive Toxicity Concentration (LOAEL/ LOAEC/ NOAEL/ NOAEC) : LOAEL/ LOAEC/ NOAEL/ NOAEC Population Value Description Value/Lower

Concentration Upper

Concentration Units

NOAEL Male = 1000 mg/kg bw/day NOAEL Female = 1000 mg/kg bw/day

Results: Test group 1 (50 mg/kg bw/d) F0 parental animals Clinical Examinations: - No test-substance related, relevant findings were observed. F0 parental animals Fertility: - No test-substance related, relevant findings were observed. F0 parental animals Clinical Pathology: - No test-substance related, relevant findings were observed. F0 parental animals Pathology: - No test-substance related, relevant findings were observed. F1 pups: No test-substance related, relevant findin gs were observed. Test group 2 (250 mg/kg bw/d) F0 parental animals Clinical Examinations: - No test-substance related, relevant findings were observed. F0 parental animals Fertility: - No test-substance related, relevant findings were observed. F0 parental animals Clinical Pathology: - No test-substance related, relevant findings were observed. F0 parental animals Pathology: - Minimal desquamation of cecal epithelium in 4 mal es F1 pups: No test-substance related, relevant findin gs were observed. Test group 3 (1000 mg/kg bw/d) F0 parental animals Clinical Examinations: - Decreased food consumption in F0 parental males d uring the first study week - Body weight loss in F0 parental males through stu dy week 0-1 and significantly lower mean body weight during study w eeks 1-3. F0 parental animals Fertility: - No test-substance related, relevant findings were observed. F0 parental animals Clinical Pathology: - No test-substance related, relevant findings were observed. F0 parental animals Pathology: 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrint- Reduced terminal body weight of male animals - Minimal to mild desquamation of cecal epithelium in 7 males - Minimal to moderate increase in apoptotic cell nu mbers of the cecal epithelium in 5 males and 7 females - Minimal to moderate increase in starry sky cells in the thymus of 3 males and 2 females. F1 pups: No test-substance related, relevant findin gs were observed. Results Remarks: No treatment-related effects were observed on any o f the following parameters: male mating index, male fertility index , female mating index, female fertility index, gestation index, mea n number of implantation sites, postimplantation loss, or live birth indices. Conclusion: The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for re productive performance and fertility in male and female Wistar rats was 1000 mg/kg bw/d. The NOAEL for general, systemic toxicit y of the test substance was 50 mg/kg bw/d for the male F0 parenta l animals based on impaired body weight data as well as pathologica l findings in the gastrointestinal tract and 250 mg/kg bw/d for t he female F0 parental animals based on pathological findings in the gastrointestinal tract. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Reproductive Toxicity Reliability: 1 - Valid Without Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Key 

### Reference - Reproductive Toxicity Reference: Buesen, R., Strauss, V., Treumann, S., Fabian, E., van Ravenzwaay, B. 2010. 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid (PDC) Com bined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with the Reproduction/Developme ntal Toxicity Screening Test in Wistar Rats Oral Administration ( Gavage). BASF DocID 2010/1173791. BASF SE, 67056 Ludwigshafen, G ermany. 

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## Developmental Toxicity/Teratogenicity CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid



### Test Substance - Developmental Toxicity/Teratogenicity Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid (PDC), Batch number 080319, 99.7% purity

Sponsored Chemical Result Type: Measured



### Method - Developmental Toxicity/Teratogenicity Route of Administration: Oral Type of Exposure: Gavage Species: Rat
Mammalian Strain: Wistar
Gender: Both M/F
Number of Animals per Dose: 20

Dose: Test substance: 50 mg/kg bw/d, 250 mg/kg bw/d or 10 00 mg/kg bw/d Vehicle control: 1% Carboxymethylcellulose Year Study Performed: 2010 Method/Guideline Followed: OECD 422

GLP: Yes Exposure Period: 31 - 56 Days Frequency of Treatment: Daily Post-Exposure Period: 1 Days Method/Guideline and Test Condition Remarks: The study was carried out in accordance with or exc eeding the requirements of the following test guidelines: (1) OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals; No. 4 22, Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with the Reproduction/ Developmental Toxicity Screening Test (22 Mar 1996); (2) EPA, Health Effects Test Guidelines; OPPTS 870. 3650: Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study With the Reproduction/ Developmental Toxicity Screening Test (Jul 2000) 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid (PDC) was administer ed orally by gavage to groups of 10 male and 10 female Wistar ra ts (F0 animals). 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintThe duration of treatment covered a 2-week pre-mati ng and mating period in both sexes, approximately 1 week post-mat ing in males, the entire gestation period as well as 4 days of la ctation in females followed by an additional treatment until o ne day before sacrifice. F0 animals were mated 13 days after the beginning o f treatment to produce litter (F1 generation pups). Mating pairs w ere from the same test group. Mating was discontinued as soon as sperm was detected in the vaginal smear. F0 animals were exam ined for their reproductive performance including determination of the number of implantation sites and the calculation of postimplantation loss for all F0 females. Male and female rats were 9-13 weeks of age at the begginning of the study. The rats were housed individually in Ma krolon type M III cages supplied by Becker & Co., Castrop-Rauxel, Germany (floor area of about 800 cm2), with the following exceptio ns: (a) During overnight matings, male and female mating partners were housed together in Makrolon type M III cages; (b) Pregnant animals and their litters were housed together until PND 4 (end of lactation); (c) For motor activity (MA) measurements the animal s were housed individually in polycarbonate cages with wire cover s from Ehret, Emmendingen, Germany (floor area of about 800 cm2) and small amounts of bedding material. The animals were house d in fully airconditioned rooms with a temperature range of 20- 24 degrees C and a relative humidity range of 30- 70%. The air change rate was 10 times per hour. The day/night cycle was 12 hours (12 hour s light from 06:00 h to 18:00 h; 12 hours dark from 18:00 h to 0 6:00 h). Food (ground Kliba maintenance diet mouse/rat "GLP" meal , supplied by Provimi Kliba SA, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland) and dri nking water in bottles was available ad libitum. The aqueous test substance suspensions were prepare d at the beginning of the administration period and thereaft er at intervals that took into account the analytical results of th e stability verification. For the test substance preparation, t he specified amount of the test substance was weighed into a cal ibrated beaker, topped up with drinking water containing 1% Carboxy methylcellulose and was intensely mixed with a homogenizer. A magne tic stirrer was used to keep the preparations homogeneous during tr eatment of the animals. Samples of the test substance preparations were taken at the beginning and towards the end of the administra tion period for verification of the concentrations. A detailed clinical observation (DCO) was performed in all F0 animals before test substance administration and th ereafter at weekly intervals. Food consumption of the F0 parent s was determined regularly during premating and after the mating per iod and during the gestation and lactation periods in dams. In gen eral, body weights of F0 animals were determined once a week. Clinicochemica l, hematological examinations and urinalyses were perf ormed in 5 F0 parental animals of either sex and group towards th e end of the administration period. All pups delivered from the F0 parents were examine d as soon as possible on the day of birth to determine the total number of liveborn and stillborn pups in each litter, as well as macroscopically evident changes. Pups were examined daily for clinical symptoms. Body weight was determined one d ay after birth (PND 1) and on PND 4. All surviving pups (sacrifice d on PND 4), all stillborn pups and those which died ahead of schedu le were examined externally, eviscerated, and their organs were asse ssed macroscopically. Statistical tests used included DUNNETT-test (two-s ided) for simultaneous comparison of all test groups with the control group; FISHER'S EXACT Test and WILCOXON-test (one-sided) f or the pairwise comparison of each test group with the control grou p and KRUSKALWALLIS test (two-sided) for Non-parametric one-way analysis. 

### Test Results - Developmental Toxicity/Teratogenicity 

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2/8/2011 http://iaspub.epa.gov/hpvis/ServSubmissionPrintConcentration (LOAEL/ LOAEC/ NOAEL/ NOAEC) : LOAEL/ LOAEC/ NOAEL/ NOAEC Population Value Description Value/Lower

Concentration Upper

Concentration Units

NOAEL Offspring

(F1) = 1000 mg/kg bw/day

Results Remarks: No test-substance related, relevant findings were o bserved in F1 pups in any of the test groups (50 mg/kg bw/day, 25 0 mg/kg bw/d or 1000 mg/kg bw/d). No test-substance related effects were seen upon pup number and status at delivery, pup viability, o r sex ratio. There were no significant findings of clinical obse rvations or necropsy. Mean pup body weights were increased in a ll trested groups on PND 1 and in the mid-dose group on PND 4. These differences were mainly caused by low pup body weig ht in the controls and were assessed as spontaneous and witho ut biological relevance. Conclusion: The NOAEL for developmental toxicity was 1000 mg/kg bw/d. 

### Reliability/Data Quality - Developmental Toxicity/Teratog enicity Reliability: 1 - Valid Without Restrictions Reliability Remarks: Key Study Sponsor Indicator: Key



### Reference - Developmental Toxicity/Teratogenicity Reference: Buesen, R., Strauss, V., Treumann, S., Fabian, E., van Ravenzwaay, B. 2010. 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid (PDC) Com bined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with the Reproduction/Developme ntal Toxicity Screening Test in Wistar Rats Oral Administration ( Gavage). BASF DocID 2010/1173791. BASF SE, 67056 Ludwigshafen, G ermany. 

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## Use Information CAS Number : 89-00-9 Sponsored Chemical Name : 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance: (89-00-9) 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Test Substance Purity/Composition and Other Test Substance Comments: Reference: Description:

Use Pattern: PDC is used in the manufacture of the herbicide imazapyr. The production volume of PDC is greater than 1 million pounds per year; hence PDC is an HPV chemical. The greatest possibility for exposure to workers in the manufacturing process of PDC occurs during the solid charging operation. In order to minimize exposure, operators involved in this manufacturing step wear a full face organic vapor respirator that includes a dust cartridge, as well as dermal protection. All subsequent processing occur s in closed systems with no routine exposure possible except for QC sampling. All sampling is performed with the proper personal protective equipment (PPE) , using sample stations designed to minimize the possibility of exposure. Samples are handled in laboratory settings according to a chemical hygiene plan and using engineering controls such as fume hoods. PDC is not volatile, so the probability of inhalation exposure is quite low and air monitoring is not warranted. Dermal exposures that might be associated with sampling the materials (and waste streams) during the manufacturing process are prevented through worker training regarding proper health and safety procedures, the use of proper PPE , and engineering controls. The vast majority of PDC is converted to the herbicide imazapyr, and the inventory of PDC on sit e for manufacturing at any one time is small. Larger amounts are stored in warehouses. Any small amount of PDC that might end up in the final product is regulated by the active ingredient registration. A ll organic and aqueous waste streams from the process that use PDC are incinerated on site or disposed of via an on-site deep well. Potential environmental exposures are limited to transportation accidents e n route to the manufacturing sites or spills on such sites, which are handled in accordance with recognized emergency response and safety procedures , respectively, to minimize potential exposures. Should a spill occur, the dispersion of PDC would be minimal. As PDC is a solid, a rainfal l event would be needed to mobilize the material such that it would dissolve into water or bind to soil. The use of secondary containment at the manufacturing sites further limits potential environmental release. In summary, PDC poses a minimal exposure threat to workers and the environment. 

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