II 

118TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION S. 5519 

To require the Secretary of Defense to enhance the readiness of the Department of Defense to challenges relating to climate change and to improve 

the energy and resource efficiency of the Department, and for other 

purposes. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

DECEMBER 12, 2024 

Ms. WARREN (for herself, Mr. WHITEHOUSE, and Mr. MERKLEY) introduced 

the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee 

on Armed Services 

A BILL 

To require the Secretary of Defense to enhance the readiness 

of the Department of Defense to challenges relating to 

climate change and to improve the energy and resource 

efficiency of the Department, and for other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Department of Defense 

5 Climate Resilience and Readiness Act’’. 

6 SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 

7 In this Act: 


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1 (1) CLIMATE CHANGE.—The term ‘‘climate 

2 change’’ means a change of climate that is— 

3 (A) attributed directly or indirectly to 

4 human activity that alters the composition of 

5 the global atmosphere; and 

6 (B) in addition to natural climate varia7 bility observed over comparable time periods. 

8 (2) CONGRESSIONAL DEFENSE COMMITTEES.— 

9 The term ‘‘congressional defense committees’’ has 

10 the meaning given that term in section 101(a)(16) 

11 of title 10, United States Code. 

12 (3) GREEN MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY.— 

13 The term ‘‘green manufacturing technology’’ means 

14 manufacturing processes that— 

15 (A) use low carbon intensity materials; 

16 (B) reduce carbon emissions or have low 

17 global warming potential during the production 

18 of the material or product; and 

19 (C) use renewable energy resources in pro20 ducing the material or product. 

21 (4) NET ZERO ENERGY.—The term ‘‘net zero 

22 energy’’ means a reduction by an entity in overall 

23 energy use, maximization of energy efficiency, and 

24 implementation and use of energy recovery and co25 generation capabilities, and an offset of the remainVerDate Sep 11 2014 02:03 Jan 18, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S5519.IS S5519

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1 ing demand for energy with production of energy 

2 from onsite renewable energy sources, such that as 

3 much energy is produced by the entity as the entity 

4 uses over the course of a year. 

5 (5) RESILIENCE.—The term ‘‘resilience’’ has 

6 the meaning given the term ‘‘energy and climate re7 siliency’’ in section 2864(f)(3) of title 10, United 

8 States Code. 

9 (6) NON-OPERATIONAL SOURCES.—The term 

10 ‘‘non-operational sources’’— 

11 (A) means fixed installations, enduring lo12 cations, and non-tactical vehicles of the Depart13 ment of Defense; and 

14 (B) does not include sources in connection 

15 with the training, moving, and sustaining of the 

16 Armed Forces and weapons platforms for mili17 tary operations and training, including tactical 

18 power systems and generators at non-enduring 

19 locations of the Department of Defense. 

20 (7) RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE.—The term 

21 ‘‘renewable energy source’’ has the meaning given 

22 that term in section 2924(6) of title 10, United 

23 States Code. 

24 (8) UNITED STATES.—The term ‘‘United 

25 States’’ means the several States, the District of CoVerDate Sep 11 2014 02:03 Jan 18, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S5519.IS S5519

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1 lumbia, and any territory or possession of the 

2 United States. 

3 SEC. 3. NET ZERO ENERGY BY NON-OPERATIONAL 

4 SOURCES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF DE5 FENSE. 

6 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Department of Defense shall 

7 achieve aggregate net zero energy across the Department 

8 in use of energy by non-operational sources by not later 

9 than December 31, 2034. 

10 (b) STRATEGY.— 

11 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year 

12 after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec13 retary of Defense shall submit to Congress a report 

14 setting forth the strategy of the Department of De15 fense to achieve the requirement under subsection 

16 (a). 

17 (2) ELEMENTS.—The report required by para18 graph (1) shall set forth the following: 

19 (A) The strategy of the Department of De20 fense to achieve the requirement under sub21 section (a) for all installations under the juris22 diction of the Department (other than the mili23 tary departments). 

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1 section (a) for all installations under the juris2 diction of such department. 

3 (C) An assessment of the manner in which 

4 the achievement by the Department of Defense 

5 of the requirement under subsection (a) will en6 hance the readiness of the Armed Forces to ad7 dress threats posed by Russia, China, Iran, 

8 North Korea, and violent extremism. 

9 (3) BIENNIAL UPDATE.—Not later than two 

10 years after the submittal of the report required by 

11 paragraph (1), and every two years thereafter 

12 through December 31, 2034, the Secretary shall 

13 submit to Congress a report setting forth the fol14 lowing: 

15 (A) A current assessment of the progress 

16 of the Department of Defense in implementing 

17 the strategy described in paragraph (1), set 

18 forth by military department, Defense Agency, 

19 and other component or element of the Depart20 ment. 

21 (B) Any updates to the strategy. 

22 (4) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary shall con23 sult with the National Academy of Sciences and a 

24 federally funded research and development center in 


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1 developing the report required by paragraph (1) and 

2 any update to that report under paragraph (3). 

3 (c) WAIVER.— 

4 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense 

5 may waive the requirement in subsection (a) if the 

6 Secretary— 

7 (A) determines that achievement of such 

8 requirement would adversely affect operational 

9 safety, force protection, or the national security 

10 interests of the United States; and 

11 (B) submits to the congressional defense 

12 committees a written notification of the waiver, 

13 together with a justification for the waiver. 

14 (2) PERIOD.—The period of any waiver under 

15 paragraph (1) may not exceed 30 days. 

16 (3) RENEWAL.—Any waiver under this sub17 section may be renewed one or more times, in the 

18 manner provided for the initial such waiver under 

19 paragraph (1) and for the period provided for in 

20 paragraph (2). 


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1 SEC. 4. INCLUSION IN ANNUAL ENERGY MANAGEMENT AND 

2 RESILIENCE REPORT OF DEPARTMENT OF 

3 DEFENSE OF LIST OF MILITARY INSTALLA4 TIONS THAT EMIT THE MOST CARBON AND 

5 ESTIMATE OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY DE6 PARTMENT. 

7 (a) IN GENERAL.—For every fiscal year beginning 

8 after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 

9 of Defense shall include in the Annual Energy Manage10 ment and Resilience Report for that fiscal year— 

11 (1) a list of the ten installations within each 

12 military department that emit the most carbon; 

13 (2) an estimate of all energy consumption by 

14 the Department of Defense, including greenhouse 

15 gas emissions; and 

16 (3) an assessment of greenhouse gas emissions 

17 at all installations of the Department, disaggregated 

18 by operational and non-operational sources. 

19 (b) METRICS.—In determining energy consumption 

20 and greenhouse gas emissions under paragraphs (2) and 

21 (3) of subsection (a), the Secretary shall use metrics es22 tablished by the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisi23 tion and Sustainment, in consultation with the National 

24 Academy of Sciences and a federally funded research and 

25 development center. 


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1 SEC. 5. CLIMATE-CONSCIOUS CONTRACTING OF DEPART2 MENT OF DEFENSE. 

3 (a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 873 of title 10, United 

4 States Code, is amended by adding at the end the fol5 lowing new section: 

6 ‘‘§ 8756. Requirements relating to energy consump7 tion and climate change 

8 ‘‘(a) PROJECTED ENERGY CONSUMPTION.—Each 

9 Department of Defense contract for the procurement of 

10 property or services entered into on or after October 1, 

11 2025, shall include a written estimate by the Department 

12 of the total projected energy consumption of all work to 

13 be performed under the contract, and a statement of 

14 whether the contract will include investments by the con15 tractor or the Department in renewable energy or energy16 efficient sources. 

17 ‘‘(b) POLICY ON CONSIDERATION OF CERTAIN FAC18 TORS IN DETERMINATIONS TO AWARD CONTRACTS.—In 

19 making any determination to enter into a contract de20 scribed in subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense shall 

21 take into account— 

22 ‘‘(1) whether the contractor verifiably produces 

23 as much renewable energy as the total energy it con24 sumes; and 

25 ‘‘(2) whether there is any order against the con26 tractor by the Environmental Protection Agency, the 


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1 Department of Justice, or a State attorney general 

2 to pay a fine or take remedial action for a violation 

3 of an environmental law or regulation of the United 

4 States. 

5 ‘‘(c) DISCLOSURE OF CLIMATE-RELATED RISKS.— 

6 Each prospective contractor with the Department of De7 fense shall, as a prerequisite of bidding for a contract with 

8 the Department, submit a detailed statement to the De9 partment that includes information regarding— 

10 ‘‘(1) the identification of, the evaluation of po11 tential financial impacts of, and any risk-manage12 ment strategies relating to— 

13 ‘‘(A) physical risks posed to the contractor 

14 by climate change; and 

15 ‘‘(B) transition risks posed to the con16 tractor by climate change; 

17 ‘‘(2) a description of any established corporate 

18 governance processes and structures to identify, as19 sess, and manage climate-related risks; and 

20 ‘‘(3) an inventory of annual Scopes 1, 2, and 3 

21 greenhouse gas emissions. 

22 ‘‘(d) ASSESSMENT OF FEES TO COMBAT CLIMATE

23 CHANGE.—(1) Each Department of Defense contract for 

24 the procurement of property or services entered into on 

25 or after October 1, 2025, shall include a requirement that 


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1 the contractor pay to the Department of Defense a fee 

2 equal to one percent of the value of the contract in the 

3 case of a contractor that is not, at the time of the Depart4 ment’s solicitation of the contract, verifiably producing as 

5 much renewable energy as the total energy it consumes. 

6 ‘‘(2) Any contractor required to pay a fee under para7 graph (1) with respect to a contract may not offset the 

8 cost of such fee by increasing the amount of the proposal 

9 for such contract. 

10 ‘‘(e) WAIVER.—(1) The Secretary of Defense may 

11 waive the requirements in subsections (a) and (b) if the 

12 Secretary— 

13 ‘‘(A)(i) determines that such requirements 

14 would adversely affect operational safety, force pro15 tection, or the national security interests of the 

16 United States; or 

17 ‘‘(ii) with respect to particular property or serv18 ices, determines that— 

19 ‘‘(I) market conditions for the property or 

20 services have adversely affected (or will in the 

21 near future adversely affect) the acquisition of 

22 the property or services by the Department of 

23 Defense; and 

24 ‘‘(II) the waiver will expedite or facilitate 

25 the acquisition of the property or services; and 


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1 ‘‘(B) submits to the congressional defense com2 mittees a written notification of the waiver, together 

3 with a justification for the waiver. 

4 ‘‘(2) The period of any waiver under paragraph (1) 

5 may not exceed 30 days. 

6 ‘‘(3) Any waiver under this subsection may be re7 newed one or more times, in the manner provided for the 

8 initial such waiver under paragraph (1) and for the period 

9 provided for in paragraph (2).’’. 

10 (b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections 

11 at the beginning of chapter 873 of title 10, United States 

12 Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to 

13 section 8755 the following new item: 

‘‘8756. Requirements relating to energy consumption and climate change.’’. 

14 (c) ENERGY AND CLIMATE RESILIENCE FUND.— 

15 (1) IN GENERAL.—There is established in the 

16 Treasury of the United States a fund, to be known 

17 as the ‘‘Energy and Climate Resilience Fund’’ (in 

18 this subsection referred to as the ‘‘Fund’’), to be ad19 ministered by the Secretary of Defense. 

20 (2) USE OF AMOUNTS.—Amounts deposited in 

21 the Fund shall be used only for climate-related im22 provements that contribute to the continued oper23 ational viability and the resilience of the networks, 

24 systems, installations, facilities, and other assets and 

25 capabilities of the Department of Defense. 


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1 (3) DEPOSIT AND AVAILABILITY OF

2 AMOUNTS.—Notwithstanding section 3302 of title 

3 31, United States Code, fees collected under section 

4 8756(d) of title 10, United States Code, as added by 

5 subsection (a)— 

6 (A) shall be deposited into the Fund to 

7 carry out the activities described in paragraph 

8 (2); 

9 (B) to the extent and in the amounts pro10 vided in advance in appropriations Acts, shall 

11 be available to the Secretary of Defense; and 

12 (C) shall remain available until expended. 

13 (4) CLIMATE-RELATED IMPROVEMENTS DE14 FINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘climate-re15 lated improvements’’ means efforts by the Depart16 ment of Defense to prepare for, or mitigate the ef17 fects of, the following: 

18 (A) Extreme weather. 

19 (B) Rising sea tides and sea levels. 

20 (C) Increased flooding. 

21 (D) Drought. 

22 (E) Desertification. 

23 (F) Wildfires. 

24 (G) Thawing permafrost. 


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1 (H) Such other conditions as the Secretary 

2 determines necessary. 

3 (d) CONTRACTING PREFERENCE FOR GREEN MANU4 FACTURING TECHNOLOGY.— 

5 (1) CONTRACTS FOR GREEN MANUFACTURING

6 TECHNOLOGY.—With respect to contracts awarded 

7 by the Department of Defense, the Department shall 

8 give a preference to qualified contractors. 

9 (2) POLICY ON CONSIDERATION OF CERTAIN

10 FACTORS IN DETERMINATIONS TO AWARD CON11 TRACTS.—In making any determination to enter into 

12 a contract described in paragraph (1), the Secretary 

13 of Defense shall take into account— 

14 (A) whether the qualified contractor 

15 verifiably produces as much renewable energy 

16 as the total energy it consumes; 

17 (B) whether the qualified contractor 

18 verifiably uses green manufacturing technology; 

19 and 

20 (C) whether there is any order against the 

21 qualified contractor by the Environmental Pro22 tection Agency, the Department of Justice, or a 

23 State attorney general to pay a fine or take re24 medial action for a violation of an environ25 mental law or regulation of the United States. 


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1 (3) VERIFICATION AND REPORTING OF QUALI2 FIED CONTRACTORS.—The Secretary of Defense 

3 shall prescribe such procedures as may be necessary 

4 for— 

5 (A) contractors to verify that they are 

6 qualified contractors; 

7 (B) qualified contractors meeting the re8 quirements of paragraph (2) to certify that not 

9 more than 25 percent of the amount paid under 

10 the contract will be expended on a subcontract 

11 to a contractor that is not verifiably meeting 

12 those requirements, subject to such necessary 

13 and reasonable waivers as the Secretary may 

14 prescribe; and 

15 (C) recording information on each use of 

16 the authority under paragraph (1), including 

17 details relevant to the nature of the contract 

18 and the qualified contractor, and providing that 

19 information to the Comptroller General of the 

20 United States. 

21 (4) COMPTROLLER GENERAL OF THE UNITED

22 STATES REPORT.— 

23 (A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than five 

24 years after the date of the enactment of this 

25 Act, the Comptroller General of the United 


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1 States shall submit to the congressional defense 

2 committees a report on the individual and ag3 gregate uses of the authority under paragraph 

4 (1), using such data as may be available up to 

5 that time. 

6 (B) ELEMENTS.—The report under sub7 paragraph (A) shall include— 

8 (i) an assessment of the frequency 

9 and nature of the use of the authority 

10 under paragraph (1); and 

11 (ii) the tendency of contractors to be12 come qualified contractors in order to qual13 ify for the authority under paragraph (1). 

14 (5) QUALIFIED CONTRACTOR DEFINED.—In 

15 this subsection, the term ‘‘qualified contractor’’ 

16 means a contractor that uses green manufacturing 

17 technology. 

18 (e) SET ASIDE CONTRACTS FOR SMALL BUSINESSES

19 THAT USE GREEN MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY.— 

20 (1) CONTRACTS FOR GREEN MANUFACTURING

21 TECHNOLOGY.—With respect to contracts awarded 

22 by the Department of Defense, the Department shall 

23 award— 


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1 (A) in fiscal year 2026, not fewer than five 

2 percent of contracts to qualified small busi3 nesses; 

4 (B) by fiscal year 2031, not fewer than 20 

5 percent of contracts to qualified small busi6 nesses; and 

7 (C) by fiscal year 2034, not fewer than 50 

8 percent of contracts to qualified small busi9 nesses. 

10 (2) POLICY ON CONSIDERATION OF CERTAIN

11 FACTORS IN DETERMINATIONS TO AWARD CON12 TRACTS.—In making any determination to enter into 

13 a contract described in paragraph (1), the Secretary 

14 of Defense shall take into account— 

15 (A) whether the qualified small business 

16 verifiably produces as much renewable energy 

17 as the total energy it consumes; 

18 (B) whether the qualified small business 

19 verifiably uses green manufacturing technology 

20 or operates with net zero energy; and 

21 (C) whether there is any order against the 

22 qualified small business by the Environmental 

23 Protection Agency, the Department of Justice, 

24 or a State attorney general to pay a fine or 

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1 ronmental law or regulation of the United 

2 States. 

3 (3) VERIFICATION AND REPORTING OF QUALI4 FIED SMALL BUSINESSES.—The Secretary of De5 fense shall prescribe such procedures as may be nec6 essary for— 

7 (A) contractors to verify that they are 

8 qualified small businesses; 

9 (B) qualified small businesses meeting the 

10 requirements of paragraph (2) to certify that 

11 not more than 25 percent of the amount paid 

12 under the contract will be expended on a sub13 contract to a contractor that is not verifiably 

14 meeting those requirements, subject to such 

15 necessary and reasonable waivers as the Sec16 retary may prescribe; and 

17 (C) recording information on awards under 

18 paragraph (1), including details relevant to the 

19 nature of the contract and the qualified small 

20 business, and providing that information to the 

21 Comptroller General of the United States. 

22 (4) COMPTROLLER GENERAL OF THE UNITED

23 STATES REPORT.— 

24 (A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than five 

25 years after the date of the enactment of this 


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1 Act, the Comptroller General of the United 

2 States shall submit to the congressional defense 

3 committees a report on the individual and ag4 gregate awards under paragraph (2), using 

5 such data as may be available up to that time. 

6 (B) ELEMENTS.—The report under sub7 paragraph (A) shall include— 

8 (i) an assessment of the frequency 

9 and nature of awards under paragraph (1); 

10 and 

11 (ii) the tendency of small business 

12 concerns to become qualified small busi13 nesses in order to qualify for awards under 

14 paragraph (1). 

15 (5) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection: 

16 (A) QUALIFIED SMALL BUSINESS.—The 

17 term ‘‘qualified small business’’ means a small 

18 business concern that verifiably uses green 

19 manufacturing technology or operates with net 

20 zero energy. 

21 (B) SMALL BUSINESS CONCERN.—The 

22 term ‘‘small business concern’’ has the meaning 

23 given that term in section 3 of the Small Busi24 ness Act (15 U.S.C. 632). 


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1 SEC. 6. ANNUAL REPORT ON EFFECTS OF CLIMATE 

2 CHANGE ON DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE. 

3 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 

4 date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, 

5 the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the congressional 

6 defense committees a report on vulnerabilities to military 

7 installations and combatant commander requirements re8 sulting from climate change that builds upon the report 

9 submitted under section 335(c) of the National Defense 

10 Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 115– 

11 91; 131 Stat. 1358). 

12 (b) ELEMENTS.—The report required by subsection 

13 (a) shall include the following: 

14 (1) An explanation of the underlying method15 ology behind the climate vulnerability analysis con16 ducted in preparing the report under section 335(c) 

17 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 

18 Year 2018. 

19 (2) An assessment of how climate change af20 fects low-lying military installations, military instal21 lations of the Navy and the Marine Corps, and mili22 tary installations outside the United States. 

23 (3) An assessment of how climate change af24 fects access of members of the Armed Forces to 

25 training ranges. 


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1 (4) With respect to a military installation in a 

2 country outside the United States, an assessment of 

3 the collaboration between the Department of De4 fense and the military or civilian agencies of the gov5 ernment of that country or nongovernmental organi6 zations operating in that country to adapt to risks 

7 from climate change. 

8 (5) An assessment of how climate change af9 fects housing safety and food security on military in10 stallations. 

11 (6) An assessment of the strategic benefits de12 rived from isolating infrastructure of the Depart13 ment of Defense in the United States from the na14 tional electric grid and the use of energy-efficient, 

15 distributed, and smart power grids by the Armed 

16 Forces in the United States and overseas to ensure 

17 affordable access to electricity. 

18 (7) A list of the ten military installations within 

19 each military department that are most vulnerable to 

20 climate change based on the effects of the following: 

21 (A) Geographic location. 

22 (B) Extreme weather. 

23 (C) Rising sea tides and sea levels. 

24 (D) Increased flooding. 

25 (E) Drought. 


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1 (F) Desertification. 

2 (G) Wildfires. 

3 (H) Thawing permafrost. 

4 (I) Such other categories as the Secretary 

5 determines necessary. 

6 (8) A climate vulnerability score, determined by 

7 the Secretary, for each military installation of the 

8 Department. 

9 (9) An overview of mitigations, in addition to 

10 current efforts undertaken by the Department, that 

11 may be necessary to ensure the continued oper12 ational viability and to increase the resilience of the 

13 vulnerable military installations identified under 

14 paragraph (7), and the estimated costs of those miti15 gations. 

16 (10) An assessment of how adapting to climate 

17 change impacts the readiness of the Armed Forces 

18 to address the threats posed by Russia, China, Iran, 

19 North Korea, and violent extremism. 

20 (c) CONSULTATION.—In developing each report 

21 under subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense shall con22 sult with the Administrator of the Environmental Protec23 tion Agency, the Secretary of Energy, the Administrator 

24 of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 

25 the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management 


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1 Agency, the Commander of the Army Corps of Engineers, 

2 the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 

3 Administration, a federally funded research and develop4 ment center, and the heads of such other relevant Federal 

5 agencies as the Secretary of Defense determines appro6 priate. 

7 (d) FORM OF REPORT.—The report required by sub8 section (a) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may 

9 contain a classified annex if necessary. 

10 (e) PUBLICATION.—Upon submittal of the report re11 quired by subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense shall 

12 publish the unclassified portion of the report on an inter13 net website of the Department of Defense that is available 

14 to the public. 

15 SEC. 7. INCORPORATION OF CLIMATE RESILIENCE INTO 

16 EXISTING STRATEGIES OF THE DEPARTMENT 

17 OF DEFENSE. 

18 (a) CODIFICATION OF DIRECTIVE ON CLIMATE

19 CHANGE.— 

20 (1) IN GENERAL.—Directive 4715.21 of the De21 partment of Defense, dated January 14, 2016, and 

22 entitled ‘‘Climate Change Adaptation and Resil23 ience’’, shall remain in effect. 

24 (2) REPORTS ON IMPLEMENTATION OF DIREC25 TIVE.—Each posture statement submitted to ConVerDate Sep 11 2014 02:03 Jan 18, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S5519.IS S5519

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1 gress by the Secretary of a military department, the 

2 Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, or the com3 mander of a combatant command shall include a de4 scription of the implementation and discharge by 

5 such official of the Directive referred to in para6 graph (1), including the personnel assigned to imple7 ment and discharge the Directive and the progress 

8 achieved in such implementation and discharge. 

9 (b) INCORPORATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE INTO

10 CERTAIN DEFENSE STRATEGIES.— 

11 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, in 

12 coordination with the heads of other elements of the 

13 intelligence community, the Administrator of the 

14 Environmental Protection Agency, the Secretary of 

15 Energy, the Administrator of the National Oceanic 

16 and Atmospheric Administration, the Administrator 

17 of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the 

18 Commander of the Army Corps of Engineers, the 

19 Administrator of the National Aeronautics and 

20 Space Administration, and the heads of such other 

21 relevant Federal agencies as the Secretary of De22 fense determines appropriate, shall incorporate cli23 mate change into the National Defense Strategy, the 

24 National Military Strategy, and operational plans of 

25 the Department of Defense. 


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1 (2) INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY DEFINED.—In 

2 this subsection, the term ‘‘intelligence community’’ 

3 has the meaning given that term in section 3 of the 

4 National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003). 

5 (c) IMPLEMENTATION AND DISCHARGE OF REQUIRE6 MENTS.— 

7 (1) CROSS-FUNCTIONAL TEAM ON INCORPORA8 TION OF CLIMATE RESILIENCE INTO DEFENSE

9 STRATEGIES.—Among the cross-functional teams es10 tablished by the Secretary of Defense pursuant to 

11 subsection (c) of section 911 of the National De12 fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Pub13 lic Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 2345; 10 U.S.C. 111 

14 note) in support of the organizational strategy for 

15 the Department of Defense required by subsection 

16 (a) of that section, the Secretary shall establish a 

17 cross-functional team on the implementation and 

18 discharge of the requirements under this section. 

19 (2) ESTABLISHMENT AND ACTIVITIES.—The 

20 cross-functional team required by paragraph (1) 

21 shall be established in accordance with subsection (c) 

22 of section 911 of the National Defense Authorization 

23 Act for Fiscal Year 2017, and shall be governed in 

24 its activities in accordance with the provisions of 

25 such subsection (c). 


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1 (3) COORDINATION.—The cross-functional team 

2 required by paragraph (1) shall coordinate with the 

3 Chief Sustainability Officer of the Department of 

4 Defense while implementing and discharging the re5 quirements under this section. 

6 (4) DEADLINE FOR ESTABLISHMENT.—The 

7 cross-functional team required by paragraph (1) 

8 shall be established by not later than 90 days after 

9 the date of the enactment of this Act. 

10 SEC. 8. RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRATION 

11 ON ENERGY STORAGE, HYBRID MICROGRID, 

12 AND ENERGY RESILIENCE. 

13 (a) RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRA14 TION.— 

15 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, in 

16 consultation with the Secretary of Energy, shall 

17 carry out research, development, and demonstration 

18 of hybrid microgrid systems and electric grid energy 

19 storage within the Environmental Security Tech20 nology Certification Program of the Department of 

21 Defense. 

22 (2) COMPLEMENTING EXISTING PROGRAM.—Ac23 tivities carried out under paragraph (1) shall com24 plement the energy demonstration program required 

25 under section 3201(d) of the Energy Act of 2020 


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1 (42 U.S.C. 17232(d)) and the Strategic Environ2 mental Research and Development Program under 

3 section 2901 of title 10, United States Code. 

4 (b) MULTIDISCIPLINARY TEAMS.— 

5 (1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out subsection 

6 (a)(1), the Secretary of Defense shall organize ac7 tivities among multidisciplinary teams to leverage, to 

8 the maximum extent practicable, expertise from the 

9 Department of Energy, the National Laboratories, 

10 institutions of higher education, existing research 

11 programs, and the private sector. 

12 (2) GOALS.—The multidisciplinary teams orga13 nized under paragraph (1) shall pursue aggressive, 

14 milestone-driven, and basic research, development, 

15 and demonstration goals to carry out subsection 

16 (a)(1). 

17 (3) RESOURCES.—The Secretary of Defense 

18 shall provide sufficient resources to the multidisci19 plinary teams organized under paragraph (1) to 

20 achieve the goals described in paragraph (2) over a 

21 ten-year period. 

22 (c) AREAS OF FOCUS.—The activities conducted 

23 under subsection (a)(1) shall focus on— 

24 (1) addressing electrical power intermittency; 


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1 (2) integrating renewable energy sources into 

2 microgrid systems, hybrid microgrid systems, energy 

3 storage, grid security, and local generation of zero4 carbon fuels; 

5 (3) the inspection and structural health moni6 toring of critical energy infrastructure; 

7 (4) materials, electric thermal, 

8 electromechanical, and electrochemical systems re9 search; 

10 (5) power conversion technologies research; 

11 (6) developing and using fuel-efficient engines; 

12 (7) additive manufacturing; 

13 (8) developing— 

14 (A) empirical and science-based industry 

15 standards to compare the storage capacity, 

16 cycle length and capabilities, and reliability of 

17 different types of electricity storage; and 

18 (B) validation and testing techniques; 

19 (9) other fundamental and applied research 

20 critical to widespread deployment of electricity stor21 age; 

22 (10) device development that builds on results 

23 from research described in paragraphs (4), (5), and 

24 (9), including combinations of power electronics, adVerDate Sep 11 2014 02:03 Jan 18, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S5519.IS S5519

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1 vanced optimizing controls, and energy storage as a 

2 general purpose element of the electric grid; 

3 (11) micro-scale testing and analysis of storage 

4 devices, including test-beds and field trials; 

5 (12) microgrid systems and hybrid microgrid 

6 systems to increase the resilience of critical infra7 structure of the Department of Defense; 

8 (13) the potential for energy storage and re9 newable resources, including wind, solar, and hydro10 power, to be integrated into microgrid systems or 

11 hybrid microgrid systems of installations of the De12 partment of Defense; 

13 (14) the capacity of the workforce of the De14 partment of Defense to operate, maintain, and re15 pair a microgrid system or hybrid microgrid system; 

16 (15) opportunities to develop the capacity to op17 erate, maintain, and repair a hybrid microgrid sys18 tem; 

19 (16) leveraging existing capacity within local or 

20 regional research organizations, such as organiza21 tions based at institutions of higher education, to 

22 support development of hybrid microgrid systems, 

23 including by testing novel components and systems 

24 prior to field deployment; 


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1 (17) electricity storage device safety and reli2 ability, including potential failure modes, mitigation 

3 measures, and operational guidelines; 

4 (18) standards for performance, control inter5 face, grid interconnection, and interoperability of 

6 electricity storage devices; 

7 (19) maintaining a public database of energy 

8 storage projects, policies, codes, standards, and reg9 ulations; and 

10 (20) such other criteria as the Secretary of De11 fense, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, 

12 determines appropriate. 

13 (d) COLLABORATION.—The activities conducted 

14 under subsection (a)(1) shall be carried out in collabora15 tion with relevant stakeholders, including, as appro16 priate— 

17 (1) States; 

18 (2) Indian tribes; 

19 (3) regional entities and regulators; 

20 (4) units of local government; 

21 (5) institutions of higher education, including 

22 historically Black colleges or universities and other 

23 minority-serving institutions; and 

24 (6) private sector entities. 

25 (e) REPORT.— 


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1 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 

2 after the date of the enactment of this Act, and an3 nually thereafter until 2034, the Secretary of De4 fense shall submit to the congressional defense com5 mittees a report on the efforts to implement sub6 section (a)(1), including any strategy developed to 

7 implement the activities under such subsection. 

8 (2) CLASSIFIED ANNEX.—The report under 

9 paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified 

10 form but may contain a classified annex if necessary. 

11 (3) PUBLICATION.—Upon submittal of the re12 port under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall pub13 lish the unclassified portion of the report on an 

14 internet website of the Department that is available 

15 to the public. 

16 (f) ASSISTANCE TO STATES.—The Secretary of De17 fense may provide technical and financial assistance to 

18 States, Indian tribes, units of local government, institu19 tions of higher education, or private sector entities to par20 ticipate in or use research, development, or demonstration 

21 of technology developed under this section. 

22 (g) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 

23 authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Defense 

24 to carry out this section the following: 

25 (1) For fiscal year 2026, $10,000,000. 


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1 (2) For fiscal year 2027, $25,000,000. 

2 (3) For fiscal year 2028, $50,000,000. 

3 (4) For fiscal year 2029, $75,000,000. 

4 (5) For fiscal year 2030, $125,000,000. 

5 (6) For fiscal year 2031, $200,000,000. 

6 (7) For each of fiscal years 2032 through 2034, 

7 $250,000,000. 

8 (h) NO EFFECT ON OTHER PROVISIONS OF LAW.— 

9 Nothing in this section authorizes regulatory actions that 

10 would duplicate or conflict with regulatory requirements, 

11 mandatory standards, or related processes under section 

12 215 of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 824o). 

13 (i) USE OF FUNDS.—To the maximum extent prac14 ticable, in carrying out this section, the Secretary of De15 fense shall ensure that the use of funds to carry out this 

16 section is coordinated with the Secretary of Energy and 

17 among different offices within the Grid Modernization Ini18 tiative of the Department of Energy and the Energy 

19 Grand Storage Challenge of the Department of Energy. 

20 (j) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 

21 (1) HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGE OR UNI22 VERSITY.—The term ‘‘historically Black college or 

23 university’’ has the meaning given the term ‘‘part B 

24 institution’’ in section 322(2) of the Higher Edu25 cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061(2)). 


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1 (2) HYBRID MICROGRID SYSTEM.—The term 

2 ‘‘hybrid microgrid system’’ means a stand-alone elec3 trical system that— 

4 (A) is comprised of conventional generation 

5 and at least one alternative energy resource; 

6 and 

7 (B) may use grid-scale energy storage. 

8 (3) MICROGRID SYSTEM.—The term ‘‘microgrid 

9 system’’ means a standalone electrical system that 

10 uses grid-scale energy storage. 

11 (4) NATIONAL LABORATORY.—The term ‘‘Na12 tional Laboratory’’ has the meaning given that term 

13 in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 

14 U.S.C. 15801). 

15 SEC. 9. CONDITIONS ON BASE REALIGNMENT AND CLO16 SURE ACTIVITIES FUNDED THROUGH BASE 

17 CLOSURE ACCOUNT OF DEPARTMENT OF DE18 FENSE. 

19 (a) CONSIDERATION OF FACTORS REQUIRED.—With 

20 respect to any Base Realignment and Closure round begun 

21 by the Department of Defense after the date of the enact22 ment of this Act, the Department shall consider current 

23 and potential vulnerabilities to installations and operations 

24 of the Department of Defense resulting from climate 


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1 change and the resilience of installations of the Depart2 ment. 

3 (b) BASE REALIGNMENT AND CLOSURE ROUND DE4 FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘Base Realignment and 

5 Closure round’’ means base realignment and closure ac6 tivities, including real property acquisition and military 

7 construction projects, as authorized by the Defense Base 

8 Closure and Realignment Act of 1990 (part A of title 

9 XXIX of Public Law 101–510; 10 U.S.C. 2687 note) and 

10 funded through the Department of Defense Base Closure 

11 Account established by section 2906 of such Act (as 

12 amended by section 2711 of the Military Construction Au13 thorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013 (division B of Public 

14 Law 112–239; 126 Stat. 2140)). 

Æ 


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