United States

Department of

Agriculture

Natural

Resources

Conservation

Service

In cooperation with

Kentucky Natural

Resources and

Environmental Protection

Cabinet and Kentucky

Agricultural Experiment

Station

Soil Survey of

Fulton County,

Kentucky

General Soil Map

The general soil map, which is a color map, shows the survey area divided into groups of associated soils called

general soil map units. This map is useful in planning the use and management of large areas.

To find information about your area of interest, locate that area on the map, identify the name of the map unit in

the area on the color-coded map legend, then refer to the section General Soil Map Units for a general

description of the soils in your area.

Detailed Soil Maps

The detailed soil maps can be useful in planning the use and

management of small areas.

To find information about your area

of interest, locate that area on the

Index to Map Sheets. Note the

number of the map sheet and turn

to that sheet.

Locate your area of interest on

the map sheet. Note the map unit

symbols that are in that area. Turn

to the Contents, which lists the

map units by symbol and name

and shows the page where each

map unit is described.

The Contents shows which table

has data on a specific land use for

each detailed soil map unit. Also

see the Contents for sections of

this publication that may address

your specific needs.

3

How To Use This Soil Survey
4

Additional information about the Nation’s natural resources is available on the

Natural Resources Conservation Service home page on the World Wide Web.

The address is http://www.nrcs.usda.gov.

This soil survey is a publication of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, a joint

effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State

agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The

Natural Resources Conservation Service (formerly the Soil Conservation Service) has

leadership for the Federal part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey.

Major fieldwork for this soil survey was completed in 2001. Soil names and

descriptions were approved in 2002. Unless otherwise indicated, statements in this

publication refer to conditions in the survey area in 2002. This survey was made

cooperatively by the Natural Resources Conservation Service, the Kentucky Natural

Resources and Environmental Protection Cabinet, and the Kentucky Agricultural

Experiment Station. The survey is part of the technical assistance furnished to the

Fulton County Soil and Water Conservation District.

Soil maps in this survey may be copied without permission. Enlargement of these

maps, however, could cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping. If enlarged,

maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at

a larger scale.

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all

its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion,

age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all

prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require

alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print,

audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and

TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights,

Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 14th and Independence Avenue, SW, Washington,

DC 20250-9410 or call 202-720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity

provider and employer.

Cover: Upper Picture—No-till soybeans (foreground) and corn (background) on Loring and

Memphis soils. Lower Picture—Towboat pushing a loaded barge down the Mississippi River.
5

Contents

Cover ....................................................................... 1

How To Use This Soil Survey ................................ 3

Contents .................................................................. 5

Foreword ................................................................. 9

General Nature of the Survey Area ........................ 12

History and Development................................... 12

Physiography, Relief, and Drainage ................... 12

Farming .............................................................. 14

Natural Resources and Industry ........................ 15

Transportation Facilities ..................................... 17

Climate ............................................................... 18

How This Survey Was Made .................................. 18

Survey Procedures ............................................ 19

General Soil Map Units ........................................ 21

MLRA 131—Southern Mississippi Valley

Alluvium ............................................................. 21

1. Crevasse-Robinsonville............................... 21

2. Bowdre-Bondurant-Commerce .................... 22

3. Commerce-Ware-Bardwell .......................... 23

4. Sharkey-Tunica ........................................... 23

5. Openlake-Keyespoint .................................. 23

6. Bardwell-Commerce .................................... 23

7. Convent-Adler ............................................. 24

MLRA 134—Southern Mississippi Valley Silty

Uplands .............................................................. 24

8. Memphis ...................................................... 24

9. Loring-Memphis........................................... 25

10. Loring-Feliciana ........................................... 25

11. Loring-Grenada ............................................ 25

12. Grenada-Calloway ....................................... 26

13. Kurk-Convent-Dekoven................................ 26

14. Convent-Mhoon-Routon............................... 27

Detailed Soil Map Units ........................................ 29

Ac—Adler silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

protected ..................................................... 30

Ad—Adler silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded .................................... 31

Ba—Bardwell silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

protected ..................................................... 32

Bd—Bardwell silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded .................................... 33

Be—Bardwell silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

frequently flooded ........................................ 34

Bf—Bardwell silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded............................ 36

Bn—Bondurant silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, protected ......................................... 37

Bo—Bondurant silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded............................ 38

Br—Bowdre silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

protected ..................................................... 39

Bw—Bowdre silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

frequently flooded ........................................ 40

CaA—Calloway silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes .......................................................... 42

CaB2—Calloway silt loam, 2 to 4 percent

slopes, eroded ............................................. 43

CeA—Center silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes .... 44

CfA—Center silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded .................................... 45

Cg—Collins silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded .................................... 46

Ch—Commerce silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, protected ......................................... 48

Ck—Commerce silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded ........................ 49

Cm—Commerce silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded............................ 50

Cn—Commerce silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded ........................ 51

Co—Commerce silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded............................ 52

Cp—Convent silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

protected ..................................................... 53

Cr—Convent silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded .................................... 55

Cs—Convent silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

frequently flooded ........................................ 56

Ct—Convent-Mhoon complex, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded ........................ 57

Cu—Convent-Mhoon complex, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded............................ 58

Cv—Crevasse loamy fine sand, 0 to 3 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded ........................ 60

Cw—Crevasse loamy fine sand, 0 to 3 percent

slopes, frequently flooded............................ 61

Issued 2004
6

Cx—Crevasse silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes,

frequently flooded ........................................ 62

De—Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded ........................ 63

Dk—Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded............................ 64

Do—Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded, overwash ...... 65

Dv—Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded, overwash .......... 67

Fa—Falaya silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded .................................... 68

Fc—Falaya-Waverly complex, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded ........................ 69

FnA—Feliciana silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes .......................................................... 71

FnB—Feliciana silt loam, 2 to 6 percent

slopes .......................................................... 72

FnB2—Feliciana silt loam, 2 to 6 percent

slopes, eroded ............................................. 72

FnC2—Feliciana silt loam, 6 to 12 percent

slopes, eroded ............................................. 73

FnC3—Feliciana silt loam, 6 to 12 percent

slopes, severely eroded............................... 74

FnD3—Feliciana silt loam, 12 to 20 percent

slopes, severely eroded............................... 75

FnE3—Feliciana silt loam, 20 to 30 percent

slopes, severely eroded............................... 76

GrA—Grenada silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes .......................................................... 77

GrB—Grenada silt loam, 2 to 6 percent

slopes .......................................................... 78

GrB2—Grenada silt loam, 2 to 6 percent

slopes, eroded ............................................. 80

GrB3—Grenada silt loam, 4 to 6 percent

slopes, severely eroded............................... 81

GrC2—Grenada silt loam, 6 to 12 percent

slopes, eroded ............................................. 82

GrC3—Grenada silt loam, 6 to 12 percent

slopes, severely eroded............................... 83

GuF—Gullied land-Memphis complex,

30 to 50 percent slopes ............................... 85

Ke—Keyespoint silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, protected ......................................... 86

Kf—Keyespoint silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded............................ 87

KrA—Kurk silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ......... 88

KsA—Kurk silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded .................................... 89

KuA—Kurk silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

frequently flooded ........................................ 90

LEVEE—Levee .................................................. 92

LoA—Loring silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes...... 92

LoB—Loring silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes...... 93

LoB2—Loring silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes,

eroded ......................................................... 94

LoB3—Loring silt loam, 4 to 6 percent slopes,

severely eroded ........................................... 95

LoC2—Loring silt loam, 6 to 12 percent

slopes, eroded ............................................. 96

LoC3—Loring silt loam, 6 to 12 percent

slopes, severely eroded............................... 98

LoD3—Loring silt loam, 12 to 20 percent

slopes, severely eroded............................... 99

M-W—Miscellaneous water ............................. 100

MeA—Memphis silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes ........................................................ 100

MeB—Memphis silt loam, 2 to 6 percent

slopes ........................................................ 101

MeB2—Memphis silt loam, 2 to 6 percent

slopes, eroded ........................................... 102

MeC2—Memphis silt loam, 6 to 12 percent

slopes, eroded ........................................... 103

MeC3—Memphis silt loam, 6 to 12 percent

slopes, severely eroded............................. 104

MeD3—Memphis silt loam, 12 to 20 percent

slopes, severely eroded............................. 105

MeE3—Memphis silt loam, 20 to 30 percent

slopes, severely eroded............................. 107

MmF—Memphis-Natchez complex, 30 to 50

percent slopes, gullied ............................... 108

Mo—Mhoon silt loam, ponded ......................... 109

Op—Openlake silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, protected ....................................... 110
7

Os—Openlake silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded.......................... 111

Ph—Phillippy silty clay loam, 0 to 3 percent

slopes, protected ....................................... 112

Pp—Phillippy silty clay loam, 0 to 3 percent

slopes, frequently flooded.......................... 113

PtD—Pits-Udorthents complex, 0 to 20

percent slopes ........................................... 115

Ra—Riverwash, 0 to 3 percent slopes,

frequently flooded ...................................... 115

Rb—Robinsonville fine sandy loam, 0 to 3

percent slopes, protected .......................... 115

Rc—Robinsonville fine sandy loam, 0 to 3

percent slopes, occasionally flooded ......... 116

Rf—Robinsonville fine sandy loam, 0 to 3

percent slopes, frequently flooded ............. 117

RmD—Robinsonville fine sandy loam, natural

levee, 8 to 25 percent slopes, occasionally

flooded ....................................................... 118

Ro—Roellen silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded .................................. 120

RsA—Routon silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes ........................................................ 121

RtA—Routon silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded .................................. 123

RuA—Routon silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

frequently flooded ...................................... 124

Sc—Sharkey silty clay, ponded ........................ 125

Sh—Sharkey silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

protected ................................................... 127

Sk—Sharkey silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

frequently flooded ...................................... 128

Tc—Tunica silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

protected ................................................... 129

Tu—Tunica silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

frequently flooded ...................................... 130

UdC—Udorthents-Urban land complex,

5 to 25 percent slopes ............................... 132

UrB—Urban land-Udorthents complex,

2 to 8 percent slopes ................................. 132

W—Water ........................................................ 133

Wa—Ware loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

protected ................................................... 133

Wm—Ware loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded .................................. 134

Wr—Ware silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

protected ................................................... 136

Ws—Ware silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

frequently flooded ...................................... 137

Prime Farmland .................................................. 139

Use and Management of the Soils .................... 141

Interpretive Ratings .......................................... 141

Crops and Pasture ........................................... 141

Forest Productivity and Management .............. 150

Recreation ....................................................... 152

Wildlife Habitat ................................................. 153

Engineering ...................................................... 156

Soil Properties .................................................... 163

Engineering Index Properties ........................... 163

Physical and Chemical Properties ................... 164

Water Features ................................................ 165

Soil Features .................................................... 166

Physical and Chemical Analyses of Selected

Soils ........................................................... 166

Classification of the Soils .................................. 169

Soil Series and Their Morphology ........................ 171

Adler Series ..................................................... 172

Bardwell Series ................................................ 173

Bondurant Series ............................................. 174

Bowdre Series.................................................. 175

Calloway Series ............................................... 177

Center Series ................................................... 178

Collins Series ................................................... 179

Commerce Series ............................................ 180

Convent Series ................................................ 181

Crevasse Series............................................... 183

Dekoven Series................................................ 183

Falaya Series ................................................... 185

Feliciana Series ............................................... 186

Grenada Series ................................................ 187

Keyespoint Series ............................................ 189

Kurk Series ...................................................... 190

Loring Series .................................................... 192

Memphis Series ............................................... 193

Mhoon Series ................................................... 194

Natchez Series................................................. 195
8

Openlake Series .............................................. 195

Phillippy Series ................................................ 196

Robinsonville Series ........................................ 198

Roellen Series.................................................. 199

Routon Series .................................................. 199

Sharkey Series................................................. 202

Tunica Series ................................................... 203

Udorthents ....................................................... 204

Ware Series ..................................................... 204

Waverly Series ................................................. 205

Formation of the Soils ....................................... 207

Factors of Soil Formation ..................................... 207

Parent Material................................................. 207

Topography ...................................................... 208

Climate ............................................................. 209

Living Organisms ............................................. 210

Time ................................................................. 210

Processes of Horizon Differentiation .................... 211

Geology, Geomorphic, and Soil Relationships ..... 212

Loess ............................................................... 212

Alluvium ........................................................... 215

References .......................................................... 217

Glossary .............................................................. 221

Tables .................................................................. 231

Table 1.—Temperature and Precipitation ......... 232

Table 2.—Freeze Dates in Spring and Fall....... 233

Table 3.—Growing Season .............................. 233

Table 4.—Acreage and Proportionate Extent

of the Soils ................................................. 234

Table 5.—Prime Farmland ............................... 236

Table 6.—Land Capability and Yields per

Acre of Crops and Pasture ........................ 238

Table 7.--Acreage by Capability Class and

Subclass .................................................... 243

Table 8.—Forest Productivity ........................... 244

Table 9a.—Forestland Management ................ 250

Table 9b.—Forestland Management ................ 258

Table 9c.—Forestland Management ................ 266

Table 9d.—Forestland Management ................ 271

Table 10a.—Recreational Development .......... 275

Table 10b.—Recreational Development .......... 285

Table 11.—Wildlife Habitat ............................... 294

Table 12a.—Building Site Development ........... 298

Table 12b.—uilding Site Development ............. 307

Table 13.—Sanitary Facilities ........................... 318

Table 14.—Construction Materials ................... 333

Table 15.—Water Management ....................... 345

Table 16.—Engineering Index Properties......... 352

Table 17.—Physical and Chemical Properties

of the Soils ................................................. 362

Table 18.—Water Features .............................. 367

Table 19.—Soil Features .................................. 377

Table 20.—Physical Analyses of Selected

Soils ........................................................... 380

Table 21.—Chemical Analyses of Selected

Soils ........................................................... 381

Table 22.—Classification of the Soils ............... 382
9

This soil survey contains information that affects land use planning in this survey

area. It contains predictions of soil behavior for selected land uses. The survey also

highlights soil limitations, improvements needed to overcome the limitations, and the

impact of selected land uses on the environment.

This soil survey is designed for many different users. Farmers, ranchers, foresters,

and agronomists can use it to evaluate the potential of the soil and the management

needed for maximum food and fiber production. Planners, community officials,

engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers can use the survey to plan land

use, select sites for construction, and identify special practices needed to ensure

proper performance. Conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in

recreation, wildlife management, waste disposal, and pollution control can use the

survey to help them understand, protect, and enhance the environment.

Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose

special restrictions on land use or land treatment. The information in this report is

intended to identify soil properties that are used in making various land use or land

treatment decisions. Statements made in this report are intended to help the land

users identify and reduce the effects of soil limitations on various land uses. The

landowner or user is responsible for identifying and complying with existing laws and

regulations.

Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are

seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are shallow to bedrock. Some are too

unstable to be used as a foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are

poorly suited to use as septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil

poorly suited to basements or underground installations.

These and many other soil properties that affect land use are described in this soil

survey. Broad areas of soils are shown on the general soil map. The location of each

soil is shown on the detailed soil maps. Each soil in the survey area is described.

Information on specific uses is given for each soil. Help in using this publication and

additional information are available at the local office of the Natural Resources

Conservation Service or the Cooperative Extension Service.

David G. Sawyer

State Conservationist

Natural Resources Conservation Service

Foreword

11

This soil survey updates an older survey of Fulton

County published in 1964 and later reissued in 1987

(USDA, 1964). This updated soil survey provides

newer soil maps containing contemporary

photographic imagery, current soil series names and

descriptions, and improved soil interpretive data for

land use planning and management.

FULTON COUNTY is in the extreme southwestern part

of Kentucky (fig. 1). It is bounded on the north and

east by Hickman County; on the south by Obion and

Lake Counties in Tennessee; and by the Mississippi

River along its western boundary with New Madrid

and Mississippi counties in Missouri. The main body

of the county is 30 miles from east to west, and about

7 miles on average, from north to south.

Fulton County has a total land area of 135,264

acres, or just over 211 square miles. The Mississippi

River along its western boundary accounts for

approximately 12,224 acres of water, a little more

than 8 percent of the total area. The river separates

nearly 16,000 acres from the main body of the county.

About 70 percent of this acreage is in Madrid Bend,

which is accessed through Lake County in

Tennessee. The other 30 percent is on Island

Number 8, which is accessible only by boat.

In 2000, Fulton County had a population of 7,752.

Hickman, the county seat, is in the western part of the

county with much of the town located atop a bluff

overlooking the Mississippi River. Hickman had a

population of 2,560 in 2000. Fulton, located in the

southeast corner of the county, is the largest city with

a population of 2,775 in 2000 (U.S. Census Bureau,

2000). It is the urban and economic hub of the county.

Traditionally, Fulton County has been a rural,

agricultural area. Its gently rolling upland terrain,

fertile river bottomlands, and favorable climate all

contribute to it being a leading grain-producing area in

the state. According to the 1997 National Resources

Inventory, about 69 percent of the county was in

farmland and 20 percent was in woodland.

Approximately 89 percent of the farmland was in row

crop production with corn, wheat, and soybeans as

the principal crops. Four percent of the farmland was

used as pasture and hay production for beef cattle

(USDA, 1997b).

Agriculture and related service companies are

Soil Survey of

Fulton County, Kentucky

By Jerry E. McIntosh, Natural Resources Conservation Service

Fieldwork by Jerry E. McIntosh and Phillip G. Gregory, Natural Resources

Conservation Service; and Kenneth E. Scott, Kentucky Department for Natural

Resources, Division of Conservation

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service,

in cooperation with

Kentucky Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Cabinet, Kentucky

Agricultural Experiment Station, and Fulton County Conservation District

Figure 1.—Location of Fulton County in Kentucky.
12 Soil Survey

economically important industries to residents of

Fulton County. In addition, the location of several

large manufacturers in area towns and cities, such as

Union City in Tennessee and Mayfield, Murray,

Paducah, and Calvert City in Kentucky, provide a

variety of employment opportunities for Fulton County

residents.

General Nature of the Survey Area

This section gives general information about the

survey area. It discusses the county’s history and

development; physiography, relief, and drainage;

farming; natural resources and industry;

transportation facilities; and climate.

History and Development

Fulton County was established in 1845 in western

Kentucky’s Jackson Purchase Region. The rights to

the area known as the Purchase were acquired for

$300,000 by the U.S. government in 1818 from the

Chickasaw Indians. General Andrew Jackson was the

chief negotiator for this land deal, thus the common

association of his name with this physiographic area

of Kentucky stretches from the Tennessee River

(Kentucky Lake) westward to the Mississippi River.

The area was organized three years later into

Hickman County, with the county seat located at

Columbus.

In 1845, a section of the southwestern part of

Hickman County was set apart and organized as a

separate county. It was named in honor of Robert

Fulton, the great inventor and the first to make

steamboat navigation a commercial success. The first

permanent settlement in the area actually occurred 26

years earlier in 1819 atop a bluff overlooking the great

Mississippi River. The site was named Mills Point

after James Mills, one of the early settlers. Mills Point

was later renamed Hickman with the establishment of

Kentucky’s 99th county in 1845.

The city of Fulton was settled in 1860. It serves as

the main junction of the north-south line of the Illinois

Central railroad and is the urban, overland

transportation, and economic hub of the county. Until

the advent of refrigerated railroad cars, Fulton was a

major distribution point for bananas sold in the

eastern United States. Bananas were loaded onto “ice

reefers” in New Orleans and shipped northward until

reaching Fulton, at which point the railroad cars

required a fresh supply of block ice to prevent

spoilage. The railroad cars were also broken down at

Fulton, with the bananas being shipped northward by

the Illinois Central railroad and to the east by the

Louisville and Nashville railroad. For years the city

hosted an annual banana festival in mid September.

The festival has since been replaced by a weekendlong celebration known as Pontotoc Weekend.

Presently, the population of Fulton County is about

the same as it was in the late 1800s. There were

7,977 residents in 1880, whereas 7,752 people

currently reside in Fulton County according to the

latest census. The population of the county peaked in

1940 at 15,413 (USDA, 1964).

From its earliest beginnings, Fulton County has

relied heavily on agricultural production as a way of

life. For the early settlers, farming was mainly on a

subsistence level with crops grown primarily for local

consumption and for meeting livestock needs. Today,

however, agriculture in Fulton County consists of

fewer farmers and larger individual farming

enterprises. Also, a larger portion of the population is

employed with various industries in Fulton, Hickman,

and nearby towns and cities.

The Fulton County Conservation District was

established in 1949. Through the leadership of local

supervisors and technical assistance provided by the

Natural Resources Conservation Service (formerly

the Soil Conservation Service), the conservation

district has had a positive impact on the total quality of

the environment in Fulton County. The district has

been a leader in implementing cost effective erosioncontrol measures and practices, improving drainage

on thousands of acres of cropland, and enhancing a

variety of wildlife habitat.

Physiography, Relief, and Drainage

Fulton County lies in the southwest corner of

Kentucky’s Jackson Purchase Physiographic Region.

Characteristic of the state of Kentucky itself, Fulton

County physiographically contains great variety and

contrast from its east to west boundaries.

On a larger geographical scale, about 56 percent

of the county is part of the Southern Mississippi Valley

Silty Uplands Major Land Resource Area, commonly

referred to as MLRA 134. The remaining 44 percent

lies within the Mississippi River flood plain and is part

of the Southern Mississippi Valley Alluvium Major

Land Resource Area, known as MLRA 131

(USDA, 1981).

MLRA 134

The MLRA 134 portion of the county consists of

approximately 75,866 acres that is predominantly part

of a gentle, northerly sloping, undulating upland plain

having been modified by varying degrees of erosion.

Deep loess deposits on the uplands and silty alluvium
Fulton County, Kentucky 13

along the valley floors characterize the geological

makeup of this area. Approximately 77 percent of this

area consists of nearly level to moderately steep

uplands; 9 percent is hilly to steep uplands; and 14

percent is nearly level to gently sloping bottoms and

stream terraces. The highest elevation in Fulton

County is 500 feet above sea level on a ridgetop of

the loess bluff, just above the Mississippi River flood

plain in the southwest part of the county near the

Obion County line (Carey and Stickney, 2001;

USGS, 1971b).

Generally, the landscape in MLRA 134 consists of

nearly level to gently sloping ridgetops dissected by a

young, dendritic drainage system. The slopes from

the ridgetops down to the flood plain valleys are

commonly gently sloping to moderately steep, with

local relief seldom exceeding 50 feet. However, along

the Mississippi River bluff in the western part of the

county the hillsides are considerably longer, steeper,

and much more dissected with local relief ranging

from 100 feet to as much as 150 feet.

Approximately 84 percent of the water draining the

uplands of Fulton County flows to the north and west

into Bayou de Chien Creek via its primary tributaries

of Little Bayou de Chien, Mud Creek, Cane Creek,

and Rush Creek. Bayou de Chien and the lower

reaches of its tributaries experience annual flooding,

oftentimes lasting for long duration. Bayou de Chien

Creek flows into the Mississippi River, with the

confluence occurring just north of Hickman. The

Figure 2.—Areas of the Mississippi River flood plain not protected by a levee experience frequent flooding. Looking northward from

the loess bluff at Hickman, the entire Upper Bottom in Fulton County is inundated; water flowing by the Upper Bottom originates

from portions of 25 states and 2 Canadian provinces.
14 Soil Survey

remaining 16 percent of the uplands drains south into

Tennessee via North Reelfoot Creek and Harris Fork

Creek.

MLRA 131

The MLRA 131 portion of Fulton County consists of

approximately 59,398 acres on the flood plain of the

Mississippi River. The topography of the Mississippi

River flood plain is characterized by a system of

alternating, nearly level to undulating ridges and

valleys. The relief is low, with elevations generally

ranging between 285 to 300 feet above sea level. The

highest areas on the flood plain are on undulating

ridges of natural levees, which consists of deposits of

loamy sediments along the banks of the present day,

or what were former channels of the Mississippi River

in times past. The lowest areas on the flood plain are

relatively narrow valleys consisting of swales and

backswamps. These valleys are generally concave,

depressional areas dominated by clayey, slackwater

alluvium. Such areas are frequently flooded and

oftentimes remain flooded for long periods during late

winter and spring where not protected by levees.

Many areas are inundated during much of the year.

Within these areas, various ditches and sloughs drain

directly or indirectly into the Mississippi River. The

lowest elevation in Kentucky occurs in Fulton County

within a backswamp in the southwest portion of

Madrid Bend at approximately 260 feet above sea

level near the Kentucky-Tennessee state line (Carey

and Stickney, 2001; USGS, 1963b).

There are three distinct physiographic areas of the

Mississippi River flood plain in Fulton County—the

Upper Bottom, consisting of nearly 14,000 acres north

of Hickman; the Lower Bottom, comprising roughly

28,500 acres south and west of Hickman and

dissected by Kentucky Highway 94; and Madrid Bend,

a horseshoe-shaped 11,000-acre flood plain

occupying the westernmost part of Kentucky and

detached from the main body of the county. Highway

accessibility into the Bend is from the south through

Tennessee.

The Upper Bottom is not protected by a levee and

is, therefore, subject to annual flooding from the

Mississippi River (fig. 2). Water from a 918,500

square-mile drainage area representing the Ohio

River and Upper Mississippi River drainage systems

flows by the Upper Bottom portion of Fulton County.

Flooding in the Upper Bottom results primarily from

water “backing up” from south to north onto the flood

plain via Obion Creek and Bayou de Chien Creek

once the elevation of the Mississippi River reaches

that of the lower-lying swales and depressional areas.

On the average, areas at and below 305 feet in

elevation are subject to flooding at least once every

two years. High soil fertility in the Upper Bottom is in,

large part, attributable to annual deposition from

sediment laden floodwaters.

The Lower Bottom is protected from flooding by an

extensive earthen levee constructed by the U.S. Army

Corps of Engineers (fig. 3). The levee begins at

Hickman and continues southward along the entire

length of the eastern side of the Mississippi River as it

flows past the Lower Bottom. Certain depressional

areas of the Lower Bottom and land areas adjacent to

the levee do experience local flooding resulting from

seep water. Seep water occurs as a result of

hydraulic pressure exerted on the flood plain once the

water level in the Mississippi River outside the levee

attains a certain elevation (i.e., volume and

consequent weight) during high flood stage events.

A levee beginning near Cates in Tennessee

extends up the eastern side of Madrid Bend,

preventing floodwaters from sweeping across this

area. The levee, however, does not extend around to

the western side of Madrid Bend. Most of the Bend,

therefore, is subject to flooding via backwater

originating from the south in Tennessee and

extending northward into the Bend, similar

hydrologically to that which occurs in the Upper

Bottom. On the average, areas at and below 289 feet

in elevation are subject to flooding at least once every

two years. The northern tip of Madrid Bend

experiences frequent flooding due to regular bank

overflow from the Mississippi River once it reaches

flood stage.

Farming

Agriculture plays a major role in the Fulton County

economy. In 2000, there were about 162 farms and

83,000 acres of cropland. Row crop production is the

primary farm enterprise. Fulton County traditionally is

among the leading grain-producing counties in

Kentucky. In 2000, the county ranked among the top

10 counties in the state in the production of wheat

and soybeans. It ranked 11th in corn production

(Kentucky Agricultural Statistics Service, 2001).

Soybeans are planted annually on more acreage in

Fulton County than any other commodity crop. They

are planted virtually each year on portions of the

Mississippi River flood plain in the Upper Bottom and

Madrid Bend not protected from the threat of late

spring flooding. Wheat plantings are reserved

primarily to the gently sloping to moderately steep

upland soils of the county. A limited acreage of rice is

grown in the Lower Bottom. Corn is grown throughout

the entire county, except for those areas along the
Fulton County, Kentucky 15

major flood plains most susceptible to late spring

flooding.

Most row crop farming operations on the loess

uplands utilize no-till or minimum-till cropping systems

(fig. 4). On the average, 90 percent of the acreage

planted to commodity crops on upland areas utilize

conservation tillage. The long growing season and

favorable soil conditions permit a corn-wheat-soybean

cropping rotation in which many farmers produce

three crops in two years.

The areas of hayland and pasture in the county

support various mixtures of grasses and legumes.

Principal hay crops are alfalfa, red clover, timothy,

orchardgrass, and Kentucky 31 fescue. White clover

and fescue are commonly grown in pasture mixtures.

Hay and pasture are utilized in beef cattle production,

as there currently are no dairy operations in Fulton

County.

A limited number of farming operations have

become engaged in poultry production since the mid1990s. At present, approximately 4.8 million broilers

are produced annually in Fulton County through

production contracts between local growers and

Tyson Foods or ConAgra, with processing plants in

Union City, Tennessee, and Hickory, Kentucky,

respectively.

Natural Resources and Industry

Other than soil, the principal natural resources of

Fulton County are surface water, ground water, gravel

and sand, and timber.

Figure 3.—This earthen levee constructed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers provides protection from Mississippi River

floodwaters in the Lower Bottom.
16 Soil Survey

Water is an abundant, vital resource in the survey

area. The largest sources of surface water are the

Mississippi River, Bayou de Chien Creek, Little Bayou

de Chien Creek, Mud Creek, Obion Creek, Blue

Pond, Hamby Pond, and Watson Lake. The

Mississippi River is the only commercially navigable

water body. Thirty-seven miles of the river flow along

the western periphery of the county and is a primary

source of transportation for raw goods via barge

traffic.

The survey area is a model for obtaining quality

ground water from aquifer-flow regimes (waterbearing formation). Large quantities of ground water

satisfactory for domestic, agricultural, industrial, and

municipal uses are available (Carey and Stickney,

2001; Grubb and Arthur, 1991; USGS, 1973; Wells,

1933). About 500 people in Fulton County use private

wells for their water supply (Carey and Stickney,

2001). Most domestic wells within the uplands are

less than 175 feet deep and obtain ground water from

an upper Eocene sand aquifer within the Coastal

Plain sediments (USGS, 1967a-b). However, a

number of wells in the western part of the county in

the highly dissected loess uplands between

Brownsville and Hickman are 175 to 250 feet deep.

Most of the larger volume municipal and industrial

wells penetrate deeper into the aquifer at depths

ranging from 400 to 550 feet at Fulton, to between

600- and 700-foot depths at Hickman.

Numerous lenses of clay can be found at relatively

shallow depths within the Upper Eocene aquifer.

These clay lenses retard downward movement of

water, resulting in perched water conditions above the

main zone of saturation. Such perched water bodies

Figure 4.—Double cropping of soybeans into wheat stubble is a common agronomic practice on the loess uplands.
Fulton County, Kentucky 17

are not dependable, with the potential for wells

completed in these shallow zones to go dry during the

drier part of the year.

Another source of abundant ground water supplies

in Fulton County is in the alluvial deposits of the

Mississippi River flood plain. The main zone of

saturation in the alluvium ranges from a few feet to

more than 25 feet below the land surface. The

saturated thickness ranges from 30 to 150 feet

(USGS, 1967a-b and 1968). At present, only a small

volume of water is actually withdrawn from the alluvial

aquifer. The quantity of water within the main zone of

saturation is generally adequate for most uses,

though some objectionable constituents may be

present (e.g., elevated hardness, iron, manganese,

and nitrate levels). A few households in the Lower

Bottom and Madrid Bend tap the alluvial aquifer for

domestic water supply needs. The largest user of

ground water within the Mississippi River valley is

irrigation for agricultural production.

Gravel and sand occur at considerable depth

below the surficial loess on the uplands throughout

most of Fulton County. Deposits of gravel and sand

occur at shallowest depth in the eastern one-third of

the county. Two commercial gravel pits occur in the

northeast corner of the county, one each located on

the east and west side of U.S. Highway 51 southeast

of Crutchfield. Gravel is obtained from the Continental

deposits underlying the surficial loess mantle,

whereas sand is obtained from both the Continental

deposits and the underlying sand formations of the

Coastal Plain sediments. The greater part of the sand

and gravel produced is used locally for general

construction and building purposes, such as

subgrade for highways, parking lots, and building

foundations.

Large deposits of sand occur along parts of the

Mississippi River flood plain, particularly those areas

in close proximity to the river channel in the Upper

Bottom, Lower Bottom, and Madrid Bend. These

deposits generally are a result of turbulent overflow of

the river onto the flood plain during high stage flood

events. Sand within these deposits is primarily very

fine to medium grained.

Fulton County has about 26,000 acres of

forestland (USDA, 1997b). The larger tracts occur on

the steeper uplands along the loess bluff and the

poorly drained bottomlands of Bayou de Chien Creek

and Little Bayou de Chien Creek. Mixed stands of

second- and third-growth hardwoods are

predominant. There are two local sawmills in

operation which produce hardwood lumber and

switch ties, with the largest one located on U.S.

Highway 51 near the Fulton-Hickman County line

north of Crutchfield. Most of the smaller pulpwood

and wood chips are shipped to Westvaco Corporation

at Wickliffe to make paper.

A rather small, yet diversified, industrial base in

Fulton and Hickman provides employment for more

than one-third of the county’s labor force. Presently,

the local industry includes enterprises engaged in the

manufacturing of automotive glass and window trim;

silicon gaskets and seals; carbon electrodes;

precision aluminum castings; concrete reinforcement

wire; dairy products; plastic shipping containers; metal

fabrication and welding; vegetable, flower, and lawn

seed packaging and distribution (Kentucky Cabinet

for Economic Development, 2001). An industrial park

north of Fulton provides space for new industry.

Several county residents work in nearby towns and

cities including Union City in Tennessee and Mayfield,

Murray, Paducah, and Calvert City in Kentucky.

Tyson Foods, a poultry grow-out and processing

business, began initial operations in the mid-1990s.

Tyson operates a hatchery and processing plant at

Union City, Tennessee, along with a feed mill near

South Fulton.

Transportation Facilities

Fulton County is accessible by state and federal

highways, railway, water, and air. Major highways

include the Purchase Parkway, which skirts along the

southeast corner of the county near Fulton and

connects to Interstate 24, 50 miles to the northeast.

U.S. Highways 45 and 51 run through Fulton on the

east side of the county. There are also a number of

state highways running through Fulton County. State

Highways 94 and 166 are the principal routes

connecting Fulton to Hickman and are the main

highways spanning east to west across the county.

Kentucky Highway 239, running north-south through

Cayce in the center of the county, pretty much

dissects the main body of the county in half.

Fulton serves as a railway switchyard and is the

main junction of the north-south line of the Illinois

Central Railroad. Also, the main artery of Amtrak’s

railway passenger service from Chicago to New

Orleans passes through Fulton, with a boarding depot

available 0.5 mile north of Fulton on the east side of

U.S. Highway 51.

The Mississippi River provides commercial

transportation for a number of raw products via water.

The Hickman-Fulton County Riverport Authority

located at Hickman provides barge shipment for a

variety of agricultural grains, steel, petroleum coke,

and fertilizers. Two grain elevator operations at

Hickman purchase grain from area farmers with load-
18 Soil Survey

out facilities for conveying grain onto barges. The

Dorena/Hickman toll ferry is one of the few remaining

riverboat ferries in the United States still in operation.

The ferry provides a unique opportunity to experience

the wonder and beauty of the Mississippi River

between Dorena, Missouri, and Hickman, Kentucky.

The Fulton Municipal Airport is located

approximately 1 mile northwest of Fulton and contains

a 2,700-foot paved runway for light aircraft.

Climate

Prepared by the Natural Resources Conservation Service,

National Water and Climate Center, Portland, Oregon.

Table 1 gives data on temperature and precipitation

for the survey area as recorded at Union City in the

period 1971 to 2000. Table 2 shows probable dates of

the first freeze in fall and the last freeze in spring.

Table 3 provides data on length of the growing

season.

In winter, the average temperature is 36.9

degrees F and the average daily minimum

temperature is 27.5 degrees. The lowest temperature

on record, which occurred on January 9, 1942, is -22

degrees. In summer, the average temperature is 76.9

degrees and the average daily maximum temperature

is 87.8 degrees. The highest recorded temperature,

which occurred on August 10, 1930, is 111 degrees.

Growing degree days are shown in table 1. They

are equivalent to “heat units.” During the month,

growing degree days accumulate by the amount that

the average temperature each day exceeds a base

temperature (50 degrees F). The normal monthly

accumulation is used to schedule single or

successive plantings of a crop between the last

freeze in spring and the first freeze in fall.

The total annual precipitation is about 51.9 inches.

Of this, 29.2 inches, or 56 percent, usually falls in

April through October. The growing season for most

crops falls within this period. In 2 years out of 10, the

rainfall in April through October is less than 14.6

inches. The heaviest 1-day rainfall during the period

of record was 5.7 inches on June 14, 1970.

Thunderstorms occur on about 60 days each year,

and most occur between May and August.

The average seasonal snowfall is about 9.4 inches.

The greatest snow depth at any one time during the

period of record was 11 inches recorded on January

20, 1978. On the average, 8 days of the year have at

least 1 inch of snow on the ground. The number of

such days varies greatly from year to year. The

heaviest 1-day snowfall on record was 11 inches on

March 9, 1960.

The average relative humidity in midafternoon is

about 58 percent. Humidity is higher at night, and the

average at dawn is about 86 percent. The sun shines

68 percent of the time possible in summer and 47

percent in winter. The prevailing wind is from the

southwest. Average windspeed is highest, around 9

miles per hour, from November to April.

How This Survey Was Made

This survey was made to provide information about

the soils and miscellaneous areas in the survey area.

The information includes a description of the soils and

miscellaneous areas and their location and a

discussion of their suitability, limitations, and

management for specified uses. Soil scientists

observed the steepness, length, and shape of the

slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of

crops and native plants; and the kinds of bedrock.

They dug many holes to study the soil profile, which is

the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil.

The profile extends from the surface down into the

unconsolidated material in which the soil formed. The

unconsolidated material is devoid of roots and other

living organisms and has not been changed by other

biological activity.

The soils and miscellaneous areas in the survey

area are in an orderly pattern that is related to the

geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural

vegetation of the area. Each kind of soil and

miscellaneous area is associated with a particular

kind of landform or with a segment of the landform. By

observing the soils and miscellaneous areas in the

survey area and relating their position to specific

segments of the landform, a soil scientist develops a

concept or model of how they were formed. Thus,

during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist

to predict with a considerable degree of accuracy the

kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a specific

location on the landscape.

Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge

into one another as their characteristics gradually

change. To construct an accurate soil map, however,

soil scientists must determine the boundaries

between the soils. They can observe only a limited

number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these

observations, supplemented by an understanding of

the soil-vegetation-landscape relationship, are

sufficient to verify predictions of the kinds of soil in an

area and to determine the boundaries.

Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the

soil profiles that they studied. They noted soil color,

texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and
Fulton County, Kentucky 19

amount of rock fragments, distribution of plant roots,

reaction, and other features that enable them to

identify soils. After describing the soils in the survey

area and determining their properties, the soil

scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic classes

(units). Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each

taxonomic class has a set of soil characteristics with

precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a

basis for comparison to classify soils systematically.

Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic classification

used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind

and character of soil properties and the arrangement

of horizons within the profile. After the soil scientists

classified and named the soils in the survey area,

they compared the individual soils with similar soils in

the same taxonomic class in other areas so that they

could confirm data and assemble additional data

based on experience and research.

While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some

of the soils in the area generally are collected for

laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil

scientists interpret the data from these analyses and

tests as well as the field-observed characteristics and

the soil properties to determine the expected behavior

of the soils under different uses. Interpretations for all

of the soils are field tested through observation of the

soils in different uses and under different levels of

management. Some interpretations are modified to fit

local conditions, and some new interpretations are

developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled

from other sources, such as research information,

production records, and field experience of

specialists. For example, data on crop yields under

defined levels of management are assembled from

farm records and from field or plot experiments on the

same kinds of soil.

Predictions about soil behavior are based not only

on soil properties but also on such variables as

climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are

predictable over long periods of time, but they are not

predictable from year to year. For example, soil

scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of

accuracy that a given soil will have a high water table

within certain depths in most years, but they cannot

predict that a high water table will always be at a

specific level in the soil on a specific date.

After soil scientists located and identified the

significant natural bodies of soil in the survey area,

they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial

photographs and identified each as a specific map

unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings, fields,

roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating

boundaries accurately.

Survey Procedures

The general procedures followed in making this

survey are described in the “National Soil Survey

Handbook” of the Natural Resources Conservation

Service and in the “Soil Survey Manual” (Soil Survey

Division Staff, 1993; USDA, 1996). The soil survey of

Fulton County published in 1964 and other surveys

published in the Jackson Purchase Region were used

as references.

The soil survey of Fulton County is among the first

surveys in the state to be updated. The maps and soil

descriptions in the 1964 survey were used as a

reference of where to plot soil boundaries on modern

photographic imagery and where to plan more

intensive soil investigations and transects.

Before the fieldwork began, high-altitude aerial

photographs taken in the spring of 1992 and 1993

and enlarged to a scale of 1:12,000 were studied. Soil

scientists studied U.S. Geological Survey geologic

and topographic maps at a scale of 1:24,000 to relate

land and image features (USGS, 1963a-c, 1967a-c,

1971a-b, and 1974). Color infrared maps were used

to assist with interpreting soil drainage, degree and

extent of soil erosion, and vegetation patterns.

Refinement of existing map units or the design of new

units were then made according to the pattern of soils

interpreted from photographs, maps, and field

observations.

Two levels of mapping intensity were used in this

survey. More closely spaced observations were made

in the valleys and gently sloping uplands where the

soils are used for agriculture or potential urban

development. Less closely-spaced observations were

made on the steeper hillsides where the soils are

used as woodland or wildlife habitat. For either level

of mapping intensity, the information about the soils

can be used to determine soil management and to

predict the suitability of the soils for various uses.

Some areas required remapping, particularly on

the Mississippi River flood plain within MLRA 131.

Traverses in these areas were made by truck or on

foot. The soils were examined at intervals ranging

from a few hundred feet to about 1

/4 mile, depending

on the landscape and complexity of the soil pattern.

Over the course of the previous 40 years, ditches

have been cut and channels have been deepened

and straightened, along with land-clearing and landgrading operations, to improve the drainage of many

of the soils in these areas. Some soil series mapped

in the older survey are either inactive or no longer

used in this state.

On the nearly level to gently sloping deep loess
20

uplands, most of the soil series from the older survey

are still valid. In these areas, traverse intervals were

much wider than the norm for original mapping. Some

adjustments of slope lines and map unit delineations

were made during the course of the update.

In many areas, such as those where steep slopes

intersect flood plains, soil boundaries are precise

because of the abrupt change in landform. In other

areas, soil boundaries cannot be exact because they

fall within a zone of gradual change between

landforms or geology, such as an area where a

narrow, sloping ridgetop becomes a moderately steep

hillside. Much intermingling of the soils occurs in

these zones.

Soil boundaries were determined on the basis of

soil examinations, observations, and photo

interpretation. The soils were examined with the aid of

a hand probe or mechanical hydraulic probe, bucket

auger, or a spade to a depth of 3 to 6 feet. Additional

soil descriptions were obtained through statistical

sampling techniques.

Estimating the amount of soil loss due to erosion is

a challenge for any soil survey, particularly one having

a significant acreage of highly erodible soils. With this

survey, the degree and extent of soil erosion was

determined based on the depth from the surface to

some diagnostic subsoil feature, such as depth to

fragic properties or depth to an argillic horizon. Using

these criteria rather than trying to estimate how much

soil has actually been lost from the surface layer

promoted more consistent mapping among different

soil scientists and recognized the practical differences

in soil management.

Samples for chemical and physical analyses were

taken from some of the soils in the survey area. Most

of the analyses were made by the Kentucky

Agricultural Experiment Station. Commonly used

laboratory procedures were followed (USDA, 1996).

The results of the analyses of selected soils are given

in tables 19 and 20.

After completion of soil mapping on high-altitude

aerial photographs, map unit delineations were

compiled by hand to prepunched, 7-mil, single-matte

mylar overlain onto 1:12,000 scale quarter-quad,

digital orthophotographic base maps. The mylar was

then scanned and converted to digital format from

which the published survey was made at 1:12,000

scale. Surface drainage and cultural features were

also compiled to prepunched mylar overlain onto

1:12,000 scale quarter-quad, digital

orthophotographic base maps. Compilation materials

and methodology were in accordance with

established Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO)

standards (USDA, 1996).
21

The general soil map in this publication shows

broad areas that have a distinctive pattern of soils,

relief, and drainage. Each map unit on the general

soil map is a unique natural landscape. Typically, it

consists of one or more major soils or miscellaneous

areas and some minor soils or miscellaneous areas. It

is named for the major soils or miscellaneous areas.

The components of one map unit can occur in

another but in a different pattern.

The general soil map can be used to compare the

suitability of large areas for general land uses. Areas

of suitable soils can be identified on the map.

Likewise, areas where the soils are not suitable can

be identified.

Because of its small scale, the map is not suitable

for planning the management of a farm or field or for

selecting a site for a road or building or other

structure. The soils in any one map unit differ from

place to place in slope, depth, drainage, and other

characteristics that affect management.

The descriptions, names, and delineations of the

soils in this survey area do not fully agree with those

of the soils in adjacent survey areas. Differences are

the result of a better knowledge of soils, modifications

in series concepts, or variations in the intensity of

mapping or in the extent of the soils in the survey

areas.

MLRA 131—Southern Mississippi

Valley Alluvium

Very deep, excessively drained to poorly drained,

dominantly nearly level, sandy to clayey textured

soils; on the Mississippi River flood plain

The soils comprising the map units in MLRA 131

occur on the Mississippi River flood plain. Collectively,

they occur in what the local residents refer to as the

Upper Bottom, Lower Bottom, Island Number 8, and

Madrid Bend. The soils in each of these areas are

very deep, having formed in thick alluvial sediments,

and cover an array of drainage classes (poorly

drained to well drained) and soil textures (sandy to

clayey). Such variations are attributed in large part to

their proximity to the present-day and former

channels of the Mississippi River.

Most areas of these soils are cleared and used for

producing soybeans, corn, and wheat. Some of the

most productive agricultural soils in Kentucky occur

on the Mississippi River flood plain. In many

instances, the physical and chemical properties of

these soils are favorable for high levels of sustained

crop productivity. Some of the soils, however, have

productivity limitations resulting from droughtiness,

excessive internal wetness, and flooding where not

protected by levees. Forty-four percent of the land

acreage in Fulton County consists of soils occurring

on the Mississippi River flood plain.

1. Crevasse-Robinsonville

Very deep, excessively drained and well drained,

nearly level to undulating, sandy and loamy soils

Setting

Location in the survey area: Upper Bottom, Island

Number 8, and Madrid Bend

Landscape: Flood plains

Landform: Point bar deposits, splays, old natural

levees, and areas adjacent to or near the

present-day Mississippi River channel

Landform position: Crevasse—point bar deposits,

splays, and areas adjacent to the Mississippi

River; Robinsonville—broad natural levees along

the current and former channels of the Mississippi

River

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Composition

Percent of the survey area: 5

Crevasse soils—61 percent

Robinsonville soils—23 percent

Minor soils—16 percent

Minor soils

• Commerce

• Riverwash

General Soil Map Units
22 Soil Survey

Land Use

Major uses: Woodland, idle land, and wildlife habitat

2. Bowdre-Bondurant-Commerce

Very deep, somewhat poorly drained, nearly level,

clayey and loamy soils, or soils that are clayey in the

upper part and loamy in the lower part

Setting

Location in the survey area: Lower Bottom and

Madrid Bend

Landscape: Flood plains

Landform: Nearly level to slightly depressional alluvial

plains

Landform position: Intermediate between old natural

levees and lower lying slackwater areas

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Composition

Percent of the survey area: 9

Bowdre soils—30 percent

Bondurant soils—29 percent

Commerce soils—23 percent

Minor soils—18 percent

Minor soils

• Bardwell

• Sharkey

• Ware

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Figure 5.—Like most soils on the Mississippi River flood plain, the Commerce-Ware-Bardwell general soil map unit is used almost

exclusively for row crop production.
Fulton County, Kentucky 23

3. Commerce-Ware-Bardwell

Very deep, well drained to somewhat poorly drained,

nearly level, loamy soils

Setting

Location in the survey area: Lower Bottom, Island

Number 8, and Madrid Bend

Landscape: Flood plains

Landform: Ridges and broad alluvial plains

Landform position: Commerce—nearly level to slightly

concave broad alluvial plains and along

drainageways; Ware and Bardwell—ridges of

higher elevation

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Composition

Percent of the survey area: 16

Commerce soils—34 percent

Ware soils—26 percent

Bardwell soils—20 percent

Minor soils—20 percent

Minor soils

• Bondurant

• Bowdre

• Openlake

• Phillippy

• Robinsonville

• Sharkey

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland (fig. 5)

4. Sharkey-Tunica

Very deep, poorly drained, nearly level soils that are

clayey throughout or are clayey in the upper part and

loamy in the lower part

Setting

Location in the survey area: Upper Bottom, Lower

Bottom, and Madrid Bend

Landscape: Flood plains

Landform: Swales, backswamps, and drainageways

Landform position: Broad, nearly level to depressional

swales, old sloughs, drainageways, and areas of

slackwater alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Composition

Percent of the survey area: 6

Sharkey soils—70 percent

Tunica soils—23 percent

Minor soils—7 percent

Minor soils

• Bondurant

• Bowdre

• Keyespoint

• Openlake

• Roellen

Land Use

Major uses: Wildlife and waterfowl habitat, cropland,

and woodland

5. Openlake-Keyespoint

Very deep, somewhat poorly drained, nearly level

soils that are clayey throughout or are clayey in the

upper part and loamy in the lower part

Setting

Location in the survey area: Upper Bottom

Landscape: Flood plains

Landform: Broad, nearly level to slightly depressional

alluvial plains

Landform position: Intermediate between old natural

levees and lower lying slackwater areas

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Composition

Percent of the survey area: 4

Openlake soils—52 percent

Keyespoint soils—37 percent

Minor soils—11 percent

Minor soils

• Commerce

• Sharkey

• Tunica

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

6. Bardwell-Commerce

Very deep, well drained to somewhat poorly drained,

nearly level, loamy soils

Setting

Location in the survey area: Upper Bottom
24 Soil Survey

Landscape: Flood plains

Landform: Ridges and alluvial plains

Landform position: Bardwell—ridges and broad,

undulating alluvial plains of higher elevation;

Commerce—nearly level to slightly depressional

broad alluvial plains and drainageways

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Composition

Percent of the survey area: 3

Bardwell soils—58 percent

Commerce soils—22 percent

Minor soils—20 percent

Minor soils

• Phillippy

• Robinsonville

• Ware

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

7. Convent-Adler

Very deep, moderately well drained and somewhat

poorly drained, nearly level, loamy soils

Setting

Location in the survey area: Eastern edge of the

Mississippi River flood plain in the Lower Bottom

Landscape: Flood plains

Landform: Alluvial plains and alluvial fans along the

base of and parallel to the loess bluff

Landform position: Convent—nearly level to slightly

concave depressional areas and along

drainageways; Adler—undulating alluvial plains

and alluvial fans of slightly higher elevation

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Composition

Percent of the survey area: 1

Convent soils—60 percent

Adler soils—31 percent

Minor soils—9 percent

Minor soils

• Center

• Commerce

• Kurk

• Mhoon

• Openlake

• Sharkey

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

MLRA 134—Southern Mississippi

Valley Silty Uplands

Very deep, well drained to poorly drained, nearly level

to very steep soils; on deep loess uplands, stream

terraces, and narrow flood plains that are tributaries

to the Mississippi River

The soils comprising the map units in MLRA 134

occur on uplands, stream terraces, and narrow flood

plains that drain the uplands. Soils on the uplands are

silty, having formed in thick Pleistocene loess

deposits ranging in thickness from 10 feet on the

eastern side of the county near the Hickman County

line to nearly 100 feet along the bluffs on the western

side of the county adjacent to the Mississippi River

flood plain. The soils on stream terraces and along

the flood plains formed in silty alluvium ranging in

thickness from 10 to 40 feet, with low to moderate

amounts of clay in the subsoil. In places, sand or

gravel occurs below about 15 feet.

Most areas of these soils are cleared and used for

row crop production. Principal crops are corn, wheat,

and soybeans. Soils occurring on the steeper areas

are used as woodland or permanent pasture. Most of

the poorly drained soils along Little Bayou de Chien

and Bayou de Chien flood plains remain in woodland.

Erosion, seasonal wetness, and maintaining fertility

are the main management concerns for these soils.

Fifty-six percent of the land acreage in Fulton County

consists of soils that occur on the deep loess uplands

and narrow flood plains that drain them.

8. Memphis

Very deep, well drained, gently sloping to steep,

loamy soils; on highly dissected loess hills

Setting

Location in the survey area: Western part in the

vicinity of Brownsville

Landscape: Uplands

Landform: Dissected loess hills

Landform position: Narrow ridgetops and steep

hillslopes, side slopes, and footslopes

Slope range: 2 to 50 percent

Composition

Percent of the survey area: 5
Fulton County, Kentucky 25

Memphis soils—60 percent

Minor soils—40 percent

Minor soils

• Adler

• Convent

• Loring

• Natchez

• Gullied land

Land Use

Major uses: Woodland and pastureland

9. Loring-Memphis

Very deep, well drained, nearly level to moderately

steep, loamy soils; on loess uplands

Setting

Location in the survey area: Central part in the vicinity

of Cayce

Landscape: Uplands

Landform: Loess hills

Landform position: Ridgetops and side slopes

Slope range: 0 to 20 percent

Composition

Percent of the survey area: 8

Loring soils—49 percent

Memphis soils—33 percent

Minor soils—18 percent

Minor soils

• Adler

• Calloway

• Convent

• Dekoven

• Grenada

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

10. Loring-Feliciana

Very deep, well drained and moderately well drained,

nearly level to moderately steep, loamy soils; on loess

uplands

Setting

Location in the survey area: Eastern part east of Little

Bayou de Chien near Hickman County

Landscape: Uplands

Landform: Loess hills

Landform position: Ridgetops and side slopes

Slope range: 0 to 20 percent

Composition

Percent of the survey area: 7

Loring soils—56 percent

Feliciana soils—26 percent

Minor soils—18 percent

Minor soils

• Calloway

• Collins

• Falaya

• Grenada

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

11. Loring-Grenada

Very deep, moderately well drained, nearly level to

moderately steep, loamy soils; on broad loess

uplands

Setting

Location in the survey area: Scattered throughout the

county

Landscape: Uplands

Landform: Loess hills

Landform position: Ridgetops and side slopes

Slope range: 0 to 20 percent

Composition

Percent of the survey area: 24

Loring soils—37 percent

Grenada soils—36 percent

Minor soils—27 percent

Minor soils

• Calloway

• Collins

• Convent

• Dekoven

• Falaya

• Feliciana

• Memphis

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland (fig. 6)
26 Soil Survey

12. Grenada-Calloway

Very deep, moderately well drained and somewhat

poorly drained, nearly level to strongly sloping, loamy

soils; on broad loess uplands

Setting

Location in the survey area: Scattered throughout the

county

Landscape: Uplands

Landform: Broad, undulating loess plains

Landform position: Ridgetops and side slopes

Slope range: 0 to 12 percent

Composition

Percent of the survey area: 4

Grenada soils—41 percent

Calloway soils—36 percent

Minor soils—23 percent

Minor soils

• Convent

• Dekoven

• Falaya

• Kurk

• Loring

• Routon

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

13. Kurk-Convent-Dekoven

Very deep, somewhat poorly drained, nearly level,

loamy soils; on stream terraces and flood plains

Setting

Location in the survey area: Mud Creek flood plain

Figure 6.—A typical area of the Loring-Grenada general soil map unit used primarily for producing corn, wheat, and soybeans.
Fulton County, Kentucky 27

Landscape: Uplands

Landform: Drainageways

Landform position: Kurk—stream terraces; Convent

and Dekoven—flood plains

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Composition

Percent of the survey area: 3

Kurk soils—32 percent

Convent soils—27 percent

Dekoven soils—20 percent

Minor soils—21 percent

Minor soils

• Center

• Mhoon

• Routon

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

14. Convent-Mhoon-Routon

Very deep, somewhat poorly drained and poorly

drained, nearly level, loamy soils; on flood plains and

stream terraces

Setting

Location in the survey area: Little Bayou de Chien

and Bayou de Chien flood plains

Landscape: Uplands

Landform: Drainageways

Landform position: Convent and Mhoon—flood plains;

Routon—stream terraces

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Composition

Percent of the survey area: 5

Convent soils—42 percent

Mhoon soils—34 percent

Routon soils—14 percent

Minor soils—10 percent

Minor soils

• Center

• Dekoven

• Kurk

Land Use

Major uses: Woodland, wildlife and waterfowl habitat,

and cropland

29

The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps

in this survey represent the soils or miscellaneous

areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions in

this section, along with the maps, can be used to

determine the suitability and potential of a unit for

specific uses. They also can be used to plan the

management needed for those uses.

A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an

area dominated by one or more major kinds of soil or

miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and

named according to the taxonomic classification of

the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic class there are

precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils.

On the landscape, however, the soils are natural

phenomena, and they have the characteristic

variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range

of some observed properties may extend beyond the

limits defined for a taxonomic class. Areas of soils of a

single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped

without including areas of other taxonomic classes.

Consequently, every map unit is made up of the soils

or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and

some minor components that belong to taxonomic

classes other than those of the major soils.

Most minor soils have properties similar to those of

the dominant soil or soils in the map unit, and thus

they do not affect use and management. These are

called noncontrasting, or similar, components. They

may or may not be mentioned in a particular map unit

description. Other minor components, however, have

properties and behavioral characteristics divergent

enough to affect use or to require different

management. These are called contrasting, or

dissimilar, components. They generally are in small

areas and could not be mapped separately because

of the scale used. Some small areas of strongly

contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified

by a special symbol on the maps. The contrasting

components are mentioned in the map unit

descriptions. A few areas of minor components may

not have been observed, and consequently they are

not mentioned in the descriptions, especially where

the pattern was so complex that it was impractical to

make enough observations to identify all the soils and

miscellaneous areas on the landscape.

The presence of minor components in a map unit

in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of

the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate

pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the

landscape into landforms or landform segments that

have similar use and management requirements. The

delineation of such segments on the map provides

sufficient information for the development of resource

plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned,

however, onsite investigation is needed to define and

locate the soils and miscellaneous areas.

An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name

in the map unit descriptions. Each description

includes general facts about the unit and gives the

principal hazards and limitations to be considered in

planning for specific uses.

Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make

up a soil series. Except for differences in texture of

the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major

horizons that are similar in composition, thickness,

and arrangement.

Soils of one series can differ in texture of the

surface layer, slope, stoniness, salinity, degree of

erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use.

On the basis of such differences, a soil series is

divided into soil phases. Most of the areas shown on

the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The

name of a soil phase commonly indicates a feature

that affects use or management. For example,

Grenada silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, eroded, is a

phase of the Grenada series.

Some map units are made up of two or more major

soils or miscellaneous areas. These map units are

called complexes.

A complex consists of two or more soils or

miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern or in

such small areas that they cannot be shown

separately on the maps. The pattern and proportion of

the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat

similar in all areas. Convent-Mhoon complex, 0 to 2

percent slopes, occasionally flooded, is an example.

This survey includes miscellaneous areas. Such

areas have little or no soil material and support little

or no vegetation. Urban land is an example.

Table 4 gives the acreage and proportionate extent

Detailed Soil Map Units
30 Soil Survey

of each map unit. Other tables give properties of the

soils and the limitations, capabilities, and potentials

for many uses. The Glossary defines many of the

terms used in describing the soils or miscellaneous

areas.

Ac—Adler silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

protected

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain in the

Lower Bottom

Position on the landform: Nearly level to gently

sloping areas adjacent to the bluff

Size of areas: 10 to 100 acres

Composition

• Adler and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting

• Commerce and Convent soils

• Areas of alluvial fans with slopes ranging to 5

percent

Similar

• Soils that do not contain 2 chroma mottles until

about 2 feet below the surface

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 9 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

9 to 39 inches—dark yellowish brown and brown,

mottled silt loam

Substratum:

39 to 47 inches—mottled grayish brown and dark

yellowish brown silt loam

47 to 80 inches—gray and dark gray, mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 2 to 5 feet during

late winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None—protected by levee

unless subjected to an unusual, catastrophic

event

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability class: 1

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Minimizing tillage operations to reduce compaction

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover, red clover,

orchardgrass, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Maintaining fertility

Management measures:

• Grasses and legumes that can withstand limited

wetness are best suited

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, American

sycamore, green ash, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Not limited

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited
Fulton County, Kentucky 31

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

Corrective measures:

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Surface drains or curtain drains, where practical, to

remove excess water

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Not limited

Ad—Adler silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Flood plains of tributaries to the

Mississippi River

Position on the landform: Nearly level areas along

creeks and streams

Size of areas: 10 to 100 acres

Composition

• Adler and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting

• Convent soils

Similar

• Soils that do not contain 2 chroma mottles until

about 2 feet below the surface

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 9 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

9 to 39 inches—dark yellowish brown and brown,

mottled silt loam

Substratum:

39 to 47 inches—mottled grayish brown and dark

yellowish brown silt loam

47 to 80 inches—gray and dark gray, mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 2 to 5 feet during

late winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—very brief to brief

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum; however, small grains may be damaged

by brief flooding

Management concerns:

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Occasional flooding

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Minimizing tillage operations to reduce compaction

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover, red clover,

orchardgrass, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Maintaining fertility

Management measures:

• Grasses and legumes that can withstand limited

wetness are best suited

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, American

sycamore, green ash, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited
32 Soil Survey

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Building on better suited soils out of the flood plain

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Seasonal wetness

Corrective measures:

• Installing the absorption field on higher elevation out

of the flood plain

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Surface drains or curtain drains, where practical, to

remove excess water

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Ba—Bardwell silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, protected

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain in the

Lower Bottom

Position on the landform: Broad, nearly level areas

Size of areas: 25 to 300 acres

Composition

• Bardwell and similar soils: 80 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 20 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Commerce, Phillippy, Robinsonville, and Ware soils

• Small areas that have fine sandy loam, loam, or

silty clay loam surface texture

• Soils similar to Bardwell with a mollic epipedon

ranging from 24 to 36 inches thick

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—very dark grayish brown silt loam

Subsurface layer:

8 to 14 inches—dark brown silty clay loam

Subsoil:

14 to 39 inches—brown silt loam

39 to 53 inches—brown, mottled silt loam

Substratum:

53 to 84 inches—brown, mottled loam and very fine

sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: High

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 3 to 6 feet during

winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: None

Frequency of flooding: None—protected by levee

unless subjected to an unusual, catastrophic

event

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability class: 1

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans, corn, and small grains

Management concerns:

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, white

clover, red clover, alfalfa, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited
Fulton County, Kentucky 33

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, green ash,

pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Using cultivation and/or chemicals to alleviate

undesirable species

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Not limited

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness at 3 feet depth

Corrective measures:

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Bd—Bardwell silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain in Madrid

Bend

Position on the landform: Broad, nearly level areas

Size of areas: 30 to 250 acres

Composition

• Bardwell and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Commerce, Phillippy, Robinsonville, and Ware soils

• Small areas that have fine sandy loam, loam, or

silty clay loam surface texture

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—very dark grayish brown silt loam

Subsurface layer:

8 to 14 inches—dark brown silty clay loam

Subsoil:

14 to 39 inches—brown silt loam

39 to 53 inches—brown, mottled silt loam

Substratum:

53 to 84 inches—brown, mottled loam and very fine

sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: High

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 2.5 to 5 feet of

the surface during winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: None

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans, corn, and small grains

Management concerns:

• Occasional flooding

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, white

clover, red clover, alfalfa, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited
34 Soil Survey

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, green ash,

pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Be—Bardwell silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Broad, nearly level areas

Size of areas: 25 to 300 acres

Composition

• Bardwell and similar soils: 80 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 20 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Commerce, Phillippy, Robinsonville, and Ware soils

• Small areas that have fine sandy loam, loam, or

silty clay loam surface texture

• Soils similar to Bardwell with a mollic epipedon

ranging from 24 to 30 inches thick

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—very dark grayish brown silt loam

Subsurface layer:

8 to 14 inches—dark brown silty clay loam

Subsoil:

14 to 39 inches—brown silt loam

39 to 53 inches—brown, mottled silt loam

Substratum:

53 to 84 inches—brown, mottled loam and very fine

sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: High

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 3 to 6 feet during

winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: None

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans and corn (fig. 7)

Management concerns:

• Spring flooding sometimes lasting for long duration

• Delayed plantings in the spring

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• Flooding sometimes lasting for long duration

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section
Fulton County, Kentucky 35

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, green ash,

pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Flooding hazard

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Using cultivation and/or chemicals to alleviate

undesirable species

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Figure 7.—Soybeans in an area of Bardwell silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded. Soybean is the primary crop

produced each year in the Upper Bottom.
36 Soil Survey

Bf—Bardwell silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Broad, nearly level areas

Size of areas: 15 to 75 acres

Composition

• Bardwell and similar soils: 80 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 20 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Commerce, Openlake, Phillippy, Robinsonville, and

Ware soils

• Small areas that have fine sandy loam, loam, or silt

loam surface texture

• Soils similar to Bardwell with a mollic epipedon

ranging from 24 to 30 inches thick

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—very dark grayish brown silty clay

loam

Subsurface layer:

10 to 15 inches—very dark grayish brown and dark

brown silty clay loam

Subsoil:

15 to 28 inches—brown silt loam

28 to 35 inches—brown and dark yellowish brown silt

loam

35 to 44 inches—olive brown, mottled silt loam

Substratum:

44 to 80 inches—olive brown, mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: High

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 3 to 6 feet during

winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate in the upper 1.5 feet

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to very long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans and corn

Management concerns:

• Flooding hazard

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Poorly suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, white

clover, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Flooding sometimes lasting for very long duration

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, green ash,

pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Using cultivation and/or chemicals to alleviate

undesirable species

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Low strength
Fulton County, Kentucky 37

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Bn—Bondurant silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes, protected

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas

Size of areas: 50 to 150 acres

Composition

• Bondurant and similar soils: 80 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 20 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bowdre, Commerce, Keyespoint, and Openlake

soils

• Small areas that have silty clay surface texture

• Soils with a mollic epipedon ranging from 24 to 32

inches thick

• Soils with a dark grayish brown overwash layer

ranging from 6 to 12 inches thick

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 11 inches—very dark grayish brown silty clay

loam

Subsurface layer:

11 to 20 inches—very dark grayish brown, mottled

silty clay

Subsoil:

20 to 50 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silty

clay

50 to 67 inches—mottled olive brown and dark gray

clay loam

Substratum:

67 to 80 inches—gray, mottled very fine sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Very slow

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1 foot to 2 feet of

the surface during winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: High

Frequency of flooding: None—protected by levee

unless subjected to an unusual, catastrophic

event

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans and corn

Management concerns:

• Narrow range of workability due to high clay content

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings for corn

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• Restricting tillage to periods when the soil is moist,

and not too wet or too dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, white

clover, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Controlling weeds

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, black willow,

green ash, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section
38 Soil Survey

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• High shrink-swell potential

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Adding extra reinforcement in foundations or

building on concrete slab

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• Tile drains by footings

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

• Very slow permeability

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• High shrink-swell potential

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Bo—Bondurant silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas

Size of areas: 50 to 150 acres

Composition

• Bondurant and similar soils: 80 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 20 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bowdre, Commerce, Keyespoint, and Openlake

soils

• Areas that have silty clay surface texture

• Soils with a mollic epipedon ranging from 24 to 30

inches thick

• Soils with a dark grayish brown overwash layer

ranging from 6 to 12 inches thick

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 11 inches—very dark grayish brown silty clay

loam

Subsurface layer:

11 to 20 inches—very dark grayish brown, mottled

silty clay

Subsoil:

20 to 50 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silty

clay

50 to 67 inches—mottled olive brown and dark gray

clay loam

Substratum:

67 to 80 inches—gray, mottled very fine sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Very slow

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1 foot to 2 feet of

the surface during winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: High

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 4w

Suitability: Suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Narrow range of workability due to high clay content
Fulton County, Kentucky 39

• Seasonal high water table

• Susceptibility to excessive compaction

• Delayed plantings

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• Limiting tillage and restricting it to periods when the

soil is moist, and not too wet or too dry

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Wetness

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, black willow,

green ash, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• High shrink-swell potential

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

• Very slow permeability

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• High shrink-swell potential

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Br—Bowdre silty clay, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, protected

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas

Size of areas: 50 to 400 acres

Composition

• Bowdre and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bondurant, Commerce, Keyespoint, Openlake,

Roellen, and Tunica soils

• Small areas that have silty clay loam surface texture

• Soils similar to Bowdre with a mollic epipedon

greater than 24 inches thick

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—very dark gray silty clay

Subsurface layer:

6 to 20 inches—very dark grayish brown, mottled silty

clay

Subsoil:

20 to 24 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silty

clay loam

24 to 30 inches—mottled grayish brown and light

olive brown very fine sandy loam

Substratum:

30 to 80 inches—grayish brown, mottled loamy fine

sand

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep
40 Soil Survey

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Very slow in the upper 2 feet;

moderately rapid in the substratum

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1 foot to 2 feet of

the surface during winter and spring

Shrink-swell potential: High in the upper 2 feet

Frequency of flooding: None—protected by levee

unless subjected to an unusual, catastrophic

event

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans and corn

Management concerns:

• Narrow range of workability due to high clay content

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings for corn

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• Restricting tillage to periods when the soil is moist,

and not too wet or too dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, white

clover, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Controlling weeds

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, black willow,

green ash, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• High shrink-swell potential in the upper 2 feet

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Adding extra reinforcement in foundations or

building on concrete slab

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• Tile drains by footings

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

• Very slow permeability in the upper 2 feet

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• High shrink-swell potential

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Bw—Bowdre silty clay, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain in Madrid

Bend

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas

Size of areas: 50 to 400 acres
Fulton County, Kentucky 41

Composition

• Bowdre and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bondurant, Commerce, and Openlake soils

• Soils similar to Bowdre with a mollic epipedon

greater than 24 inches thick

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—very dark gray silty clay

Subsurface layer:

6 to 20 inches—very dark grayish brown, mottled silty

clay

Subsoil:

20 to 24 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silty

clay loam

24 to 30 inches—mottled grayish brown and light

olive brown very fine sandy loam

Substratum:

30 to 80 inches—grayish brown, mottled loamy fine

sand

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Very slow in the upper 2 feet;

moderately rapid in the substratum

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1 foot to 2 feet of

the surface during winter and spring

Shrink-swell potential: High in the upper 2 feet

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 4w

Suitability: Suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for very long

duration

• Narrow range of workability due to high clay content

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• Restricting tillage to periods when the soil is moist,

and not too wet or too dry

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for very long

duration

• Wetness

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, black willow,

green ash, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• High shrink-swell potential in the upper 2 feet

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

• Very slow permeability

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited
42 Soil Survey

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• High shrink-swell potential

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

CaA—Calloway silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

concave areas of broad summits

Size of areas: 5 to 200 acres

Composition

• Calloway and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

 Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Center and Routon soils on lower lying stream

terraces

• Convent soils occupying narrow drainageways

• Grenada soils in slightly higher landscape positions

• Poorly drained soils that contain a fragipan

Similar:

• Soils similar to Calloway in the Mud Creek

watershed with a higher pH in the upper part of the

subsoil

 Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—dark grayish brown and brown, mottled

silt loam

Subsurface layer:

8 to 19 inches—brown, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

19 to 30 inches—light brownish gray, mottled silt loam

30 to 50 inches—a fragipan of mottled strong brown

silty clay loam and light brownish gray silt loam

50 to 60 inches—a fragipan of strong brown, mottled

silt loam

60 to 80 inches—strong brown, mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and slow

in the fragipan

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Moderately deep, limited by the

fragipan

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1 foot to 1.5 feet

during winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Fragipan

• Delayed plantings

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Surface drains can be used to remove excess water

• Minimizing tillage operations to reduce compaction

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Southern red oak, hickory, red

maple, white oak, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Moderate equipment limitations due to seasonal

wetness

• Moderate plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry
Fulton County, Kentucky 43

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• Tile drains by footings

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

• Slow permeability due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

CaB2—Calloway silt loam, 2 to 4 percent

slopes, eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Side slopes

Size of areas: 10 to 75 acres

Composition

• Calloway and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

 Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Convent soils occupying narrow drainageways

• Grenada soils

• Areas with slopes ranging to 6 percent

Similar:

• Soils similar to Calloway in the Mud Creek

watershed with a higher pH in the upper part of the

subsoil

 Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—dark grayish brown and brown, mottled

silt loam

Subsurface layer:

5 to 19 inches—brown, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

19 to 25 inches—light brownish gray, mottled silt loam

25 to 50 inches—a fragipan of mottled strong brown

silty clay loam and light brownish gray silt loam

50 to 60 inches—a fragipan of strong brown, mottled

silt loam

60 to 80 inches—strong brown, mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and slow

in the fragipan

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Moderately deep, limited by the

fragipan

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1 foot to 1.5 feet

during winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2e

Suitability: Suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Fragipan

• Delayed plantings

• Erodibility

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Surface drains can be used to remove excess water
44 Soil Survey

• Minimizing tillage operations to reduce compaction

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Southern red oak, hickory, red

maple, white oak, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Moderate equipment limitations due to seasonal

wetness

• Moderate plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• Tile drains by footings

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

• Slow permeability due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

CeA—Center silt loam, 0 to 3 percent

slopes

Setting

Major landform: Loess uplands

Position on the landform: Higher, gently undulating

portions of stream terraces

Size of areas: 3 to 100 acres

Composition

• Center and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Small areas of Kurk soils in depressions

• Small areas about 50 feet wide around the

periphery of the map unit containing slopes ranging

from 4 to 6 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—brown, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

10 to 21 inches—yellowish brown, mottled silt loam

21 to 38 inches—mottled yellowish brown, light olive

brown, and light brownish gray silty clay loam

38 to 80 inches—mottled yellowish brown and light

olive brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate in the upper part of the solum;

moderately slow in the lower part of the solum

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Moderately slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 2.5 feet

during winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None (a few of the lowest lying

areas may experience rare flooding)
Fulton County, Kentucky 45

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Erodibility in areas exceeding 2 percent slope

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Surface drains to remove or divert excess water

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, red maple, green

ash, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Moderate equipment limitations due to seasonal

wetness

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

• Restricted permeability below about 2 feet

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area, and in

some instances, special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

CfA—Center silt loam, 0 to 3 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Stream terraces along Bayou de

Chien and near the mouth of Mud Creek

Position on the landform: Higher, gently undulating

portions of stream terraces

Size of areas: 10 to 40 acres

Composition

• Center and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Small areas of Kurk soils in depressions

• Small areas about 50 feet wide around the

periphery of the map unit containing slopes ranging

from 4 to 6 percent

• Small areas generally less than 5 acres near the

mouth of Mud Creek that frequently flood

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—brown, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

10 to 21 inches—yellowish brown, mottled silt loam

21 to 38 inches—mottled yellowish brown, light olive

brown, and light brownish gray silty clay loam
46 Soil Survey

38 to 80 inches—mottled yellowish brown and light

olive brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate in the upper part of the solum;

moderately slow in the lower part of the solum

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Moderately slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 2.5 feet

during winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, and grain sorghum;

small grains are subject to occasional flooding

sometimes lasting for long duration

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Occasional flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Erodibility in areas exceeding 2 percent slope

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Surface drains to remove or divert excess water

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Occasional flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, red maple, green

ash, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Moderate equipment limitations due to seasonal

wetness

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Selecting a site at a higher elevation above floodprone areas

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Seasonal wetness

• Restricted permeability below about 2 feet

Corrective measures:

• Selecting a site at a higher elevation above floodprone areas

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area, and in

some instances, special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Cg—Collins silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Flood plains in the easternmost part

of the county
Fulton County, Kentucky 47

Position on the landform: Along creeks and streams

Size of areas: 10 to 500 acres

Composition

• Collins and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting

• Falaya soils in similar positions

• Soils that are less acid throughout

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 12 inches—brown and dark yellowish brown silt

loam

Subsoil:

12 to 19 inches—yellowish brown, mottled silt loam

Substratum:

19 to 42 inches—yellowish brown and dark yellowish

brown, mottled silt loam

42 to 80 inches—mottled yellowish brown and light

brownish gray silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 2 to 5 feet during

late winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—very brief

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum; however, small grains and other winter

cover crops may be damaged by very brief

flooding

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Flooding

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Surface drainage or tile drainage can be used to

help remove excess water

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover, red clover,

orchardgrass, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Maintaining fertility

Management measures:

• Grasses and legumes that can withstand limited

wetness are best suited

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, American

sycamore, green ash, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Building on better suited soils out of the flood plain

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Building on higher elevation out of the flood plain

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Surface drains or curtain drains, where practical, to

remove excess water
48 Soil Survey

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Ch—Commerce silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, protected

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas

Size of areas: 30 to 250 acres

Composition

• Commerce and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bardwell, Bondurant, Openlake, Phillippy, and Ware

soils

• Soils similar to Commerce that have a mollic

epipedon

• Small areas that have silty clay loam surface texture

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 11 inches—dark brown and dark grayish brown

silt loam

Subsoil:

11 to 17 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silt

loam

17 to 25 inches—mottled dark grayish brown and

gray silt loam

25 to 43 inches—dark gray, mottled silty clay loam

Substratum:

43 to 80 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silt

loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 4 feet of

the surface during winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: None

Frequency of flooding: None—protected by levee

unless subjected to an unusual, catastrophic

event

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, and small grains

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, ladino

clover, tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, American

sycamore, green ash, and pecan

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section
Fulton County, Kentucky 49

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Shrink-swell potential

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Adding extra reinforcement in foundations or

building on concrete slab

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• Tile drains by footings

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption field

• Special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Ck—Commerce silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain in Madrid

Bend

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas

Size of areas: 30 to 75 acres

Composition

• Commerce and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bardwell, Bondurant, Openlake, Phillippy, and Ware

soils

• Soils similar to Commerce that have a mollic

epipedon

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 11 inches—dark brown and dark grayish brown

silt loam

Subsoil:

11 to 17 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silt

loam

17 to 25 inches—mottled dark grayish brown and

gray silt loam

25 to 43 inches—dark gray, mottled silty clay loam

Substratum:

43 to 80 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silt

loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 4 feet of

the surface during winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate in the upper 1.5 feet

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, and small grains

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Flooding hazard

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• Restricting tillage to periods when the soil is moist,

and not too wet or too dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section
50 Soil Survey

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, ladino

clover, tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Flooding hazard

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, American

sycamore, green ash, and pecan

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Cm—Commerce silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas

Size of areas: 50 to 500 acres

Composition

• Commerce and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bardwell, Keyespoint, and Openlake soils

• Small areas that have silty clay loam surface texture

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 11 inches—dark brown and dark grayish brown

silt loam

Subsoil:

11 to 17 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silt

loam

17 to 25 inches—mottled dark grayish brown and

gray silt loam

25 to 43 inches—dark gray, mottled silty clay loam

Substratum:

43 to 80 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silt

loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 4 feet of

the surface during winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: None

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to very long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 4w
Fulton County, Kentucky 51

Suitability: Suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for very long

duration

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for very long

duration

• Wetness

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, American

sycamore, green ash, and pecan

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Cn—Commerce silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes, occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain in Madrid

Bend

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas

Size of areas: 30 to 75 acres

Composition

• Commerce and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bardwell, Bondurant, Openlake, Phillippy, and Ware

soils

• Soils similar to Commerce that have a mollic

epipedon

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 11 inches—dark grayish brown silty clay loam

Subsoil:

11 to 17 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silty

clay loam

17 to 37 inches—mottled gray, dark gray, and dark

grayish brown silt loam

37 to 43 inches—olive brown, mottled loam

Substratum:

43 to 80 inches—olive brown, mottled fine sandy

loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow
52 Soil Survey

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 4 feet of

the surface during winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate in the upper 1.5 feet

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, and small grains

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Flooding hazard

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• Restricting tillage to periods when the soil is moist,

and not too wet or too dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, ladino

clover, tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Flooding hazard

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, American

sycamore, green ash, and pecan

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Co—Commerce silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas

Size of areas: 50 to 150 acres

Composition

• Commerce and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bardwell, Keyespoint, and Openlake soils

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—very dark grayish brown and dark

grayish brown silty clay loam

Subsurface layer:

6 to 14 inches—dark grayish brown silty clay loam

Subsoil:

14 to 40 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silt

loam
Fulton County, Kentucky 53

Substratum:

40 to 80 inches—brown, mottled silt loam and fine

sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 4 feet of

the surface during winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate in the upper 1.5 feet

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to very long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 4w

Suitability: Suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for very long

duration

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for very long

duration

• Wetness

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, American

sycamore, green ash, and pecan

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Cp—Convent silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, protected

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain in the

Lower Bottom

Position on the landform: Not limited depressional

areas adjacent to the bluff

Size of areas: 5 to 150 acres

Composition

• Convent and similar soils: 85 to 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 to 15

percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Adler, Commerce, and Mhoon soils
54 Soil Survey

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—brown, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

10 to 19 inches—olive brown, mottled silt loam

19 to 23 inches—mottled grayish brown and olive

brown silt loam

Substratum:

23 to 45 inches—grayish brown and gray, mottled silt

loam

45 to 80 inches—mottled very dark gray and dark

gray silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 2 feet

during winter and spring

Frequency of flooding: None—protected by levee

unless subjected to an unusual, catastrophic

event

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Surface drainage or tile drainage to remove excess

water

• Minimizing tillage operations to reduce compaction

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover, red clover,

orchardgrass, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grasses and legumes that can withstand seasonal

wetness are best suited

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, American

sycamore, Eastern cottonwood, green ash, and

sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

Corrective measures:

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Surface drains or curtain drains, where practical, to

remove excess water

• Special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section
Fulton County, Kentucky 55

Cr—Convent silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Flood plains of tributaries to the

Mississippi River

Position on the landform: Not limited depressions

along creeks and streams

Size of areas: 5 to 250 acres

Composition

• Convent and similar soils: 85 to 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 to 15

percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Adler, Dekoven, and Mhoon soils in similar positions

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—brown, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

10 to 19 inches—olive brown, mottled silt loam

19 to 23 inches—mottled grayish brown and olive

brown silt loam

Substratum:

23 to 45 inches—grayish brown and gray, mottled silt

loam

45 to 80 inches—mottled very dark gray, dark gray,

and light brownish gray silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 2 feet

during winter and spring

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—very brief to brief

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum; however, small grains may be damaged

by brief flooding

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Occasional flooding

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Surface drainage or tile drainage to remove excess

water

• Minimizing tillage operations to reduce compaction

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, American

sycamore, Eastern cottonwood, green ash, and

sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Moderate seedling mortality

• Very limited plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Building on better suited soils out of the flood plain

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited
56 Soil Survey

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Cs—Convent silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Flood plains

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas along tributaries to the

Mississippi River

Size of areas: 5 to 30 acres

Composition

• Convent and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Dekoven, Kurk, and Mhoon soils

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—brown, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

10 to 19 inches—olive brown, mottled silt loam

19 to 23 inches—mottled grayish brown and olive

brown silt loam

Substratum:

23 to 45 inches—grayish brown and gray, mottled silt

loam

45 to 80 inches—mottled very dark gray, dark gray,

and light brownish gray silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: High

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 2 feet of

the surface during winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, and grain sorghum;

not suited to winter wheat

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Surface drainage or tile drainage to remove excess

water

• Restricting tillage operations to minimize

compaction

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Controlling weeds

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing drainage system

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, American

sycamore, Eastern cottonwood, green ash, and

sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration
Fulton County, Kentucky 57

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Ct—Convent-Mhoon complex, 0 to 2

percent slopes, occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Flood plains

Position on the landform: Depressional areas along

creeks and streams

Size of areas: 5 to 30 acres

Composition

• Convent and similar soils: 55 percent

• Mhoon and similar soils: 40 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 5 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Dekoven, Kurk, and Routon soils

Typical Profile

Convent

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—brown, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

10 to 19 inches—olive brown, mottled silt loam

19 to 23 inches—mottled grayish brown and olive

brown silt loam

Substratum:

23 to 45 inches—grayish brown and gray, mottled silt

loam

45 to 80 inches—mottled very dark gray, dark gray,

and light brownish gray silt loam

Mhoon

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silt loam

5 to 9 inches—mottled grayish brown and dark

grayish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

9 to 22 inches—dark gray, mottled silt loam

22 to 33 inches—dark gray, mottled silty clay loam

Substratum:

33 to 80 inches—gray, mottled silty clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Convent—somewhat poorly drained;

Mhoon—poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: Convent—from

1.5 to 2 feet of the surface during winter and early

spring; Mhoon—within 1 foot of the surface during

winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—brief duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: Convent—2w; Mhoon—3w

Suitability: Suited for areas adequately drained

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, and grain sorghum

in areas that have been adequately drained;

generally not suited to winter wheat

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table
58 Soil Survey

• Delayed plantings

• Occasional flooding

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing drainage system

• Reducing tillage operations to minimize compaction

• Mhoon—compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Flooding

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Mhoon—compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, American

sycamore, Eastern cottonwood, green ash, and

sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Convent—plant competition

• Mhoon—seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• Mhoon—compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Building on better suited soils out of the flood plain

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Mhoon—low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• Mhoon—compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Cu—Convent-Mhoon complex, 0 to 2

percent slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Flood plains

Position on the landform: Depressional areas along

major tributaries to the Mississippi River

Size of areas: 5 to 250 acres

Composition

• Convent and similar soils: 55 percent

• Mhoon and similar soils: 40 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 5 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Dekoven, Kurk, and Routon soils

Typical Profile

Convent

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—brown, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

10 to 19 inches—olive brown, mottled silt loam

19 to 23 inches—mottled grayish brown and olive

brown silt loam

Substratum:

23 to 45 inches—grayish brown and gray, mottled silt

loam
Fulton County, Kentucky 59

45 to 80 inches—mottled very dark gray, dark gray,

and light brownish gray silt loam

Mhoon

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silt loam

5 to 9 inches—mottled grayish brown and dark

grayish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

9 to 22 inches—dark gray, mottled silt loam

22 to 33 inches—dark gray, mottled silty clay loam

Substratum:

33 to 80 inches—gray, mottled silty clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Convent—somewhat poorly drained;

Mhoon—poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: Convent—from

1.5 to 2 feet of the surface during winter and early

spring; Mhoon—within 1 foot of the surface during

winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: Convent—3w; Mhoon—3w

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, and grain sorghum

in areas that have been adequately drained; not

suited to winter wheat

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing drainage system

• Reducing tillage operations to minimize compaction

• Mhoon—compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, American

sycamore, Eastern cottonwood, green ash, and

sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Convent—plant competition

• Mhoon—seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited
60 Soil Survey

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Mhoon—low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• Mhoon—Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Cv—Crevasse loamy fine sand, 0 to 3

percent slopes, occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain in Madrid

Bend

Position on the landform: Riverbanks, flood plain

splays, and point bars at greater than 290 feet

elevation

Size of areas: 15 to 500 acres

Composition

• Crevasse and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Crevasse soils with fine sand or sand surface

texture

• Robinsonville soils

• Areas along riverbanks with slopes ranging from 4

to 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—very dark grayish brown loamy fine

sand

Subsurface:

4 to 7 inches—dark brown loamy fine sand

Substratum:

7 to 16 inches—brown fine sand

16 to 80 inches—pale brown sand

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Excessively drained

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Rapid

Available water capacity: Low

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 4 to 6 feet during

winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: None

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Forestland and wildlife habitat

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 6s

Suitability: Poorly suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans

Management concerns:

• Flooding hazard

• Very limited droughtiness

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• Flooding sometimes lasting for long duration

• Very limited droughtiness

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, American

sycamore, American elm, sugarberry, and

sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Seedling mortality due to droughtiness

Management measures:

• Planting seedlings during late fall or early winter to

ensure adequate moisture for survival

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited
Fulton County, Kentucky 61

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Groundwater pollution due to poor filtering capacity

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Cw—Crevasse loamy fine sand, 0 to 3

percent slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Riverbanks, flood plain

splays, and point bars

Size of areas: 15 to 250 acres

Composition

• Crevasse and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Crevasse and Robinsonville soils

• Soils with fine sand or sand surface texture

• Areas along riverbanks with slopes ranging from 4

to 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—very dark grayish brown loamy fine

sand

Subsurface:

4 to 7 inches—dark brown loamy fine sand

Substratum:

7 to 16 inches—brown fine sand

16 to 80 inches—pale brown sand

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Excessively drained

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Rapid

Available water capacity: Low

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 4 to 6 feet during

winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: None

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Forestland and wildlife habitat

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 6s

Suitability: Poorly suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans

Management concerns:

• Flooding hazard

• Very limited droughtiness

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• Flooding sometimes lasting for long duration

• Very limited droughtiness

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, American

sycamore, American elm, black willow, and

sugarberry

Management concerns:

• Seedling mortality due to droughtiness

Management measures:

• Planting seedlings during late fall or early winter to

ensure adequate moisture for survival

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible
62 Soil Survey

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Groundwater pollution due to poor filtering capacity

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Cx—Crevasse silt loam, 0 to 3 percent

slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain splay in

the Upper Bottom

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas where the river has cut and

deposited large volumes of sand greater than 5

feet in thickness

Size of areas: 250 acres

Composition

• Crevasse and similar soils: 95 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 5 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Commerce and Robinsonville soils

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—very dark grayish brown silt loam

Subsurface:

4 to 7 inches—very dark grayish brown loam

Substratum:

7 to 16 inches—brown loamy sand

16 to 80 inches—light brownish gray sand

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Excessively drained

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Rapid

Available water capacity: Low

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 4 to 6 feet during

winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: None

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Forestland and wildlife habitat

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 4s

Suitability: Poorly suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans

Management concerns:

• Flooding hazard

• Very limited droughtiness

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• Flooding sometimes lasting for long duration

• Very limited droughtiness

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, American

sycamore, American elm, sugarberry, and

sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Seedling mortality due to droughtiness

Management measures:

• Planting seedlings during late fall or early winter to

ensure adequate moisture for survival

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard
Fulton County, Kentucky 63

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Groundwater pollution due to poor filtering capacity

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

De—Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2

percent slopes, occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Flood plains

Position on the landform: Nearly level areas along

creeks and streams

Size of areas: 5 to 30 acres

Composition

• Dekoven and similar soils: 80 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 20 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Small areas of Convent, Kurk, and Mhoon soils

• Soils similar to Dekoven with a mollic epipedon

more than 24 inches thick

• Soils with a brown overwash surface layer from 6 to

12 inches thick

• Small, depressional undrained areas

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 7 inches—very dark grayish brown silt loam

Subsurface layer:

7 to 20 inches—very dark gray, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

20 to 27 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silty

clay loam

27 to 44 inches—dark gray, mottled silt loam

44 to 62 inches—mottled grayish brown and light

brownish gray silt loam

Substratum:

62 to 80 inches—dark gray and light brownish gray,

mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: High

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1 foot to 2 feet of

the surface during winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—brief duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, and grain sorghum;

generally not suited to winter wheat

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings

• Occasional flooding

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing drainage system

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Controlling weeds

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing drainage system

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, American

sycamore, red maple, green ash, and sweetgum
64 Soil Survey

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Building on better suited soils out of the flood plain

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Dk—Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2

percent slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Flood plains

Position on the landform: Nearly level areas along

creeks and streams

Size of areas: 5 to 30 acres

Composition

• Dekoven and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Small areas of Convent, Kurk, and Mhoon soils

• Soils similar to Dekoven with a mollic epipedon

more than 24 inches thick

• Soils with a brown overwash surface layer from 6 to

12 inches thick

• Small, depressional undrained areas

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 7 inches—very dark grayish brown silt loam

Subsurface layer:

7 to 20 inches—very dark gray, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

20 to 27 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silty

clay loam

27 to 44 inches—dark gray, mottled silt loam

44 to 62 inches—mottled grayish brown and light

brownish gray silt loam

Substratum:

62 to 80 inches—dark gray and light brownish gray,

mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: High

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1 foot to 2 feet of

the surface during winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, and grain sorghum;

not suited to winter wheat

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility
Fulton County, Kentucky 65

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing drainage system

• Limiting the number of passes with tillage

equipment

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Controlling weeds

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing drainage system

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, American

sycamore, red maple, green ash, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Do—Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2

percent slopes, occasionally flooded,

overwash

Setting

Major landform: Flood plains

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas along creeks and streams

Size of areas: 5 to 30 acres

Composition

• Dekoven overwash and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Small areas of Convent and Kurk soils

• Small areas that do not have the surface layer of

overwash

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 14 inches—brown silt loam

Subsurface layer:

14 to 34 inches—very dark gray and very dark

grayish brown, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

34 to 38 inches—mottled dark grayish brown, dark

gray, and olive brown silty clay loam

38 to 57 inches—mottled grayish brown and light

brownish gray silt loam

57 to 78 inches—mottled grayish brown and light

olive brown silt loam

Substratum:

78 to 80 inches—mottled grayish brown and light

brownish gray silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained
66 Soil Survey

Organic matter content: High

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1 foot to 2 feet of

the surface during winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—brief duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, and grain sorghum;

generally not suited to winter wheat

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings

• Occasional flooding (fig. 8)

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing drainage system

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Controlling weeds

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing drainage system

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, American

sycamore, red maple, green ash, and sweetgum

Figure 8.—Spring flooding in some years can delay planting in areas of Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded, overwash.
Fulton County, Kentucky 67

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Building on better suited soils out of the flood plain

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Dv—Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2

percent slopes, frequently flooded,

overwash

Setting

Major landform: Flood plains

Position on the landform: Nearly level areas along

creeks and streams

Size of areas: 5 to 30 acres

Composition

• Dekoven overwash and similar soils: 80 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 20 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Small areas of Convent and Kurk soils

• Small areas that do not have the surface layer of

overwash

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 14 inches—brown silt loam

Subsurface layer:

14 to 34 inches—very dark gray and very dark

grayish brown, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

34 to 38 inches—mottled dark grayish brown, dark

gray, and olive brown silty clay loam

38 to 57 inches—mottled grayish brown and light

brownish gray silt loam

57 to 78 inches—mottled grayish brown and light

olive brown silt loam

Substratum:

78 to 80 inches—mottled grayish brown and light

brownish gray silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: High

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1 foot to 2 feet of

the surface during winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, and grain sorghum;

not suited to winter wheat

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility
68 Soil Survey

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing drainage system

• Limiting the number of passes with tillage

equipment

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Controlling weeds

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing drainage system

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, American

sycamore, red maple, green ash, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Fa—Falaya silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Flood plains in the easternmost part

of the county

Position on the landform: Slightly depressional areas

along creeks and streams

Size of areas: 5 to 100 acres

Composition

• Falaya and similar soils: 85 to 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 to 15

percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Collins and Waverly soils in similar positions

• Soils that are less acid throughout

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

8 to 14 inches—brown, mottled silt loam

14 to 24 inches—light brownish gray, mottled silt loam

Substratum:

24 to 52 inches—light brownish gray and gray,

mottled silt loam

52 to 80 inches—mottled brown and light brownish

gray silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1 foot to 2 feet

during winter and spring
Fulton County, Kentucky 69

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—very brief

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum; however, small grains and winter cover

crops may be damaged by very brief flooding

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Flooding

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Surface drainage or tile drainage to remove excess

water

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, red maple, green

ash, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Moderate seedling mortality

• Very limited plant competition

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Building on better suited soils out of the flood plain

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Fc—Falaya-Waverly complex, 0 to 2

percent slopes, occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Flood plains in the easternmost part

of the county

Position on the landform: Depressional areas along

creeks and streams

Size of areas: 5 to 30 acres

Composition

• Falaya and similar soils: 55 percent

• Waverly and similar soils: 40 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 5 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Small areas of Collins soils in slightly higher

positions

• Soils that are less acid throughout

Typical Profile

Falaya

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

8 to 14 inches—brown, mottled silt loam

14 to 24 inches—light brownish gray, mottled silt loam
70 Soil Survey

Substratum:

24 to 52 inches—light brownish gray and gray,

mottled silt loam

52 to 80 inches—mottled brown and light brownish

gray silt loam

Waverly

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—brown and grayish brown, mottled silt

loam

Subsoil:

10 to 54 inches—light brownish gray and gray,

mottled silt loam

Substratum:

54 to 80 inches—gray, mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Falaya—somewhat poorly drained;

Waverly—poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: Falaya—1 foot to

2 feet below the surface during winter and early

spring; Waverly—within 1 foot of the surface

during winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—brief duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: Falaya—2w; Waverly—3w

Suitability: Suited for areas adequately drained

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, and grain sorghum

in areas that have been adequately drained;

generally not suited to winter wheat

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings

• Occasional flooding

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing drainage system

• Reducing tillage operations to minimize compaction

• Waverly—compliance with existing wetland laws

and regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Flooding

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Waverly—compliance with existing wetland laws

and regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, red maple, green

ash, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Falaya—plant competition

• Waverly—seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• Waverly—compliance with existing wetland laws

and regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Building on better suited soils out of the flood plain

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Selecting a site at a higher elevation above floodprone areas

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited
Fulton County, Kentucky 71

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Waverly—wetness

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• Waverly—compliance with existing wetland laws

and regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

FnA—Feliciana silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Nearly level ridgetops

Size of areas: 5 to 25 acres

Composition

• Feliciana and similar soils: 95 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 5 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Loring soils in similar positions

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

8 to 12 inches—strong brown silty clay loam

12 to 35 inches—strong brown silt loam

35 to 80 inches—strong brown and brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: Greater than 6

feet

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability class: 1

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• No significant limitations

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Not limited

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Surface drains or curtain drains, where practical, to

remove excess water

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section
72 Soil Survey

FnB—Feliciana silt loam, 2 to 6 percent

slopes

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Gently sloping narrow

ridgetops

Size of areas: 5 to 250 acres

Composition

• Feliciana and similar soils: 95 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 5 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Loring soils in similar positions

• Small eroded areas

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

8 to 12 inches—brown silty clay loam

12 to 35 inches—strong brown silt loam

35 to 80 inches—strong brown and brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: Greater than 6

feet

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2e

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Moderate erosion hazard

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• No significant limitations

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Not limited

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Surface drains or curtain drains, where practical, to

remove excess water

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

FnB2—Feliciana silt loam, 2 to 6 percent

slopes, eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Gently sloping narrow

ridgetops

Size of areas: 5 to 250 acres
Fulton County, Kentucky 73

Composition

• Feliciana and similar soils: 95 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 5 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Loring soils in similar positions

• Non-eroded areas

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 17 inches—strong brown silty clay loam

17 to 80 inches—brown and strong brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: Greater than 6

feet

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2e

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Moderate erosion hazard

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• No significant limitations

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Not limited

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Surface drains or curtain drains, where practical, to

remove excess water

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

FnC2—Feliciana silt loam, 6 to 12 percent

slopes, eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Sloping, narrow ridgetops

and upper shoulders of side slopes

Size of areas: 5 to 75 acres

Composition

• Feliciana and similar soils: 95 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 5 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Loring soils in similar positions

• Small, very limitedly eroded areas
74 Soil Survey

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 17 inches—strong brown silty clay loam

17 to 80 inches—brown and strong brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: Greater than 6

feet

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3e

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• No significant limitations

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Proper engineering design, site preparation, and

construction

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Moderate

Limitations:

• Restricted permeability

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Surface drains or curtain drains, where practical, to

remove excess water

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

FnC3—Feliciana silt loam, 6 to 12 percent

slopes, severely eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Side slopes

Size of areas: 5 to 75 acres

Composition

• Feliciana and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Loring soils in similar positions

• Small areas with only moderate erosion or not

limited for use because of erosion
Fulton County, Kentucky 75

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—brown silt loam

Transitional layer:

3 to 6 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

6 to 15 inches—strong brown silty clay loam

15 to 80 inches—strong brown and brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: Greater than 6

feet

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 4e

Suitability: Suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• No significant limitations

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Proper engineering design, site preparation, and

construction

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Restricted permeability

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Surface drains or curtain drains, where practical, to

remove excess water

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

FnD3—Feliciana silt loam, 12 to 20

percent slopes, severely eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Side slopes

Size of areas: 20 to 175 acres

Composition

• Feliciana and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Loring soils in similar positions

• Small areas with only moderate erosion
76 Soil Survey

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—brown and strong brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 12 inches—strong brown silty clay loam

12 to 80 inches—strong brown and brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: Greater than 6

feet

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Pasture

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 6e

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Slope

• Severe erosion hazard

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Maintaining desired species composition

Management measures:

• Frequent pasture renovation

• Maximizing the forage efficiency with proper

stocking rates, pasture rotation, and deferred grazing

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Proper engineering design, site preparation, and

construction

• Utilizing adjacent areas with less slope

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Utilizing adjacent areas with less slope

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Proper engineering design, site preparation, and

construction

• Utilizing adjacent areas with less slope

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

FnE3—Feliciana silt loam, 20 to 30

percent slopes, severely eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Side slopes

Size of areas: 20 to 175 acres

Composition

• Feliciana and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Small areas with only moderate erosion

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—brown and strong brown silt loam
Fulton County, Kentucky 77

Subsoil:

4 to 12 inches—strong brown silty clay loam

12 to 80 inches—strong brown and brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: Greater than 6

feet

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Pasture

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 7e

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Slope

• Severe erosion hazard

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Pasture—suited; forage—poorly suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Maintaining desired species composition

Management measures:

• Frequent pasture renovation

• Maximizing the forage efficiency with proper

stocking rates, pasture rotation, and deferred grazing

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to slope

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Utilizing adjacent areas with less slope

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Utilizing adjacent areas with less slope

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Design to conform to natural contour

• Utilizing adjacent areas with less slope

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

GrA—Grenada silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Nearly level, broad summits

Size of areas: 5 to 75 acres

Composition

• Grenada and similar soils: 80 to 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 to 20

percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Small areas of Calloway soils in similar positions

• Small areas with slopes ranging to 4 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 7 inches—brown silt loam

Transitional layer:

7 to 13 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

13 to 24 inches—yellowish brown, mottled silt loam
78 Soil Survey

24 to 30 inches—mottled light brownish gray silt loam

and yellowish brown silty clay loam

30 to 42 inches—a fragipan consisting of mottled

strong brown and light brownish gray silt loam

42 to 80 inches—a fragipan consisting of brown,

mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and slow

in the fragipan

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Moderately deep, limited by the

fragipan

Surface runoff: Moderately slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.8 to 2.5 feet

during wet periods in winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Fragipan

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

• Slow permeability due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area, and in

some instances, special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

GrB—Grenada silt loam, 2 to 6 percent

slopes

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Gently sloping, broad

summits of interfluves

Size of areas: 5 to 200 acres

Composition

• Grenada and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent
Fulton County, Kentucky 79

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Small areas of Adler and Convent soils occupying

narrow drainageways

• Small areas of Calloway soils in slightly concave

positions

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 7 inches—brown silt loam

Transitional layer:

7 to 13 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

13 to 24 inches—yellowish brown, mottled silt loam

24 to 30 inches—mottled light brownish gray silt loam

and yellowish brown silty clay loam

30 to 42 inches—a fragipan consisting of mottled

strong brown and light brownish gray silt loam

42 to 80 inches—a fragipan consisting of brown,

mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and slow

in the fragipan

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Moderately deep, limited by the

fragipan

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.8 to 2.5 feet

during wet periods in winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2e

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Moderate erosion hazard

• Seasonal high water table

• Fragipan

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

• Alfalfa stands become sparse after 2 to 3 years due

to seasonal wetness and moderate rooting depth

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• Tile drains by footings

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

• Slow permeability due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area, and in

some instances, special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section
80 Soil Survey

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

GrB2—Grenada silt loam, 2 to 6 percent

slopes, eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Gently sloping, broad

summits of interfluves

Size of areas: 5 to 200 acres

Composition

• Grenada and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Small areas of Adler and Convent soils occupying

narrow drainageways

• Small areas of Calloway soils in slightly concave

positions

• Areas that are very limitedly eroded

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 13 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

13 to 20 inches—yellowish brown, mottled silt loam

20 to 26 inches—mottled light brownish gray silt loam

and yellowish brown silty clay loam

26 to 38 inches—a fragipan of mottled strong brown

and light brownish gray silt loam

38 to 80 inches—a fragipan consisting of brown,

mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and slow

in the fragipan

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Moderately deep, limited by the

fragipan

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.8 to 2.5 feet

during wet periods in winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2e

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Moderate erosion hazard

• Seasonal high water table

• Fragipan

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

• Alfalfa stands become sparse after 2 to 3 years due

to seasonal wetness and moderate rooting depth

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited
Fulton County, Kentucky 81

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• Tile drains by footings

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

• Slow permeability due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area, and in

some instances, special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

GrB3—Grenada silt loam, 4 to 6 percent

slopes, severely eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Gently sloping, convex

shoulders and side slopes

Size of areas: 5 to 75 acres

Composition

• Grenada and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Small areas of Adler and Convent soils occupying

narrow drainageways

• Small areas of Calloway soils in slightly concave

positions

• Areas that are not very limitedly eroded

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 10 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

10 to 16 inches—yellowish brown, mottled silt loam

16 to 20 inches—mottled light brownish gray silt loam

and yellowish brown silty clay loam

20 to 32 inches—a fragipan consisting of mottled

strong brown and light brownish gray silt loam

32 to 80 inches—a fragipan consisting of brown,

mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and slow

in the fragipan

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Moderately deep, limited by the

fragipan

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 2 feet

during wet periods in winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3e

Suitability: Suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Seasonal high water table

• Shallow depth to the fragipan

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness
82 Soil Survey

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

• Alfalfa stands become sparse after 2 to 3 years due

to seasonal wetness and moderate rooting depth

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• Tile drains by footings

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

• Slow permeability due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area, and in

many instances, special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

• Depth to fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

GrC2—Grenada silt loam, 6 to 12 percent

slopes, eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Sloping, convex shoulders

and side slopes

Size of areas: 5 to 200 acres

Composition

• Grenada and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Small areas of Adler and Convent soils occupying

narrow drainageways

• Small areas of Calloway soils in slightly concave

positions

• Areas that are very limitedly eroded

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 13 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

13 to 20 inches—yellowish brown, mottled silt loam

20 to 26 inches—mottled light brownish gray silt loam

and yellowish brown silty clay loam

26 to 38 inches—a fragipan consisting of mottled

strong brown and light brownish gray silt loam

38 to 80 inches—a fragipan consisting of brown,

mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and slow

in the fragipan

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Moderately deep, limited by the

fragipan

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.8 to 2.5 feet

during wet periods in winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3e
Fulton County, Kentucky 83

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Seasonal high water table

• Fragipan

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

• Alfalfa stands become sparse after 2 to 3 years due

to seasonal wetness and moderate rooting depth

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness due to the fragipan

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• Tile drains by footings

• Proper engineering design, site preparation, and

construction

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

• Slow permeability due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area, and in

some instances, special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

GrC3—Grenada silt loam, 6 to 12 percent

slopes, severely eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Sloping, convex shoulders

and side slopes

Size of areas: 5 to 75 acres

Composition

• Grenada and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Small areas of Adler and Convent soils occupying

narrow drainageways

• Small areas of Calloway soils in slightly concave

positions

• Areas that are not very limitedly eroded

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 10 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

10 to 16 inches—yellowish brown, mottled silt loam
84 Soil Survey

16 to 20 inches—mottled light brownish gray silt loam

and yellowish brown silty clay loam

20 to 32 inches—a fragipan consisting of mottled

strong brown and light brownish gray silt loam

32 to 80 inches—a fragipan consisting of brown,

mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and slow

in the fragipan

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Moderately deep, limited by the

fragipan

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 2 feet

during wet periods in winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 4e

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Seasonal high water table

• Shallow depth to the fragipan

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

• Alfalfa stands become sparse after 2 to 3 years due

to seasonal wetness and moderate rooting depth

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness due to the fragipan

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• Tile drains by footings

• Proper engineering design, site preparation, and

construction

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

• Slow permeability due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area, and in

many instances, special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

• Depth to fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section
Fulton County, Kentucky 85

GuF—Gullied land-Memphis complex, 30

to 50 percent slopes

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Very steep side slopes of

the highly dissected Mississippi River bluff.

Gullied land is a miscellaneous land type

consisting of areas where erosion has cut a

network of V-shaped or U-shaped gullies that are

as much as 200 feet wide and 75 feet deep;

Memphis soils occur as narrow remnants

scattered between the gullies. The two

components occur as areas so intricately mixed

or so small that mapping them separately is not

practical at the scale used.

Size of areas: 20 to 75 acres

Composition

• Gullied land and similar soils: 60 percent

• Memphis and similar soils: 35 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 5 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Natchez soils

• Areas that have geologic clay, mudstone, siltstone,

and/or sandstone below 3.5 feet depth with

outcropping in places

• Areas with slopes ranging to 60 percent

Typical Profile

Memphis

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 17 inches—strong brown silt loam

17 to 80 inches—brown and strong brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Very rapid

Depth to seasonal high water table: Greater than 6

feet

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Wasteland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: Gullied land—7e;

Memphis—7e

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Slope

• Severe erosion hazard

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Slope

• Severe erosion hazard

• Vegetative establishment and maintenance; most

areas are overgrown with kudzu

Forestland

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• Difficulty establishing, maintaining, and harvesting

timber due to slope and instability

Management measures:

• Attempt to establish such species as loblolly pine to

foster soil stability

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

• Soil instability

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Extensive onsite investigation before conducting

any reshaping, grading, or smoothing operations

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section
86 Soil Survey

Ke—Keyespoint silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes, protected

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas

Size of areas: 50 to 250 acres

Composition

• Keyespoint and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bondurant, Bowdre, Commerce, and Openlake soils

• Small areas that have silty clay surface texture

Similar:

• Soils that are more acid in the subsoil

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—very dark grayish brown and dark

grayish brown, mottled silty clay loam

Subsoil:

8 to 24 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silty clay

24 to 36 inches—dark gray, mottled silty clay loam

36 to 44 inches—brown and dark gray loam

Substratum:

44 to 54 inches—brown, mottled fine sandy loam

54 to 80 inches—brown fine sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Very slow in the upper 2 feet; moderate

below 2 feet

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1 foot to 2 feet of

the surface during winter and spring

Shrink-swell potential: High in the upper 2 feet

Frequency of flooding: None—protected by levee

unless subjected to an unusual, catastrophic

event

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans and corn

Management concerns:

• Narrow range of workability due to high clay content

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings for corn

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• Restricting tillage to periods when the soil is moist,

and not too wet or too dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, white

clover, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Controlling weeds

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, black willow,

green ash, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• High shrink-swell potential in the upper 2 feet

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Adding extra reinforcement in foundations or

building on concrete slab

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water
Fulton County, Kentucky 87

• Tile drains by footings

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

• Very slow permeability in the upper 2 feet

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• High shrink-swell potential

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Kf—Keyespoint silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional slackwater areas

Size of areas: 50 to 500 acres

Composition

• Keyespoint and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Commerce and Openlake soils

• Small areas that have silty clay surface texture

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—very dark grayish brown and dark

grayish brown, mottled silty clay loam

Subsoil:

8 to 24 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silty clay

24 to 36 inches—dark gray, mottled silty clay loam

36 to 44 inches—brown and dark gray loam

Substratum:

44 to 54 inches—brown, mottled fine sandy loam

54 to 80 inches—brown fine sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Very slow in the upper 2 feet; moderate

below 2 feet

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1 foot to 2 feet of

the surface during winter and spring

Shrink-swell potential: High in the upper 2 feet

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to very long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 4w

Suitability: Suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for very long

duration

• Narrow range of workability due to high clay content

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• Restricting tillage to periods when the soil is moist,

and not too wet or too dry

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for very long

duration

• Wetness

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, black willow,

green ash, pecan, and sweetgum
88 Soil Survey

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• High shrink-swell potential in the upper 2 feet

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• High shrink-swell potential

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

KrA—Kurk silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

Setting

Major landform: Loess uplands

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

concave areas of stream terraces

Size of areas: 10 to 75 acres

Composition

• Kurk and similar soils: 80 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 20 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Center and Routon soils in similar positions

• Convent and Dekoven soils along drainageways

• Soils similar to Kurk that are strongly alkaline or

very strongly alkaline throughout

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silt loam

Transitional layer:

8 to 15 inches—yellowish brown, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

15 to 27 inches—mottled light brownish gray and

grayish brown silty clay loam

27 to 42 inches—light brownish gray, mottled silty clay

loam

42 to 65 inches—grayish brown, mottled silt loam

65 to 80 inches—mottled grayish brown and yellowish

brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate in the upper part of the solum;

slow in the lower part of the solum

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.2 to 1.7 feet

during winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None (a few of the lowest lying

areas may experience rare flooding)

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum in areas that have been adequately

drained

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage
Fulton County, Kentucky 89

• Surface drains to remove and/or divert excess

water

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Utilizing forage species tolerant of seasonal

wetness

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, red maple, green

ash, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Moderate equipment limitations due to seasonal

wetness

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

• Slow permeability

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Special design or alternate system may be needed

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

KsA—Kurk silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Stream terraces along Bayou de

Chien and near the mouth of Mud Creek

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

concave, depressional areas

Size of areas: 10 to 75 acres

Composition

• Kurk and similar soils: 80 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 20 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Center and Routon soils in similar positions

• Convent and Dekoven soils along drainageways

• Soils similar to Kurk that are strongly alkaline or

very strongly alkaline throughout

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silt loam

Transitional layer:

 8 to 15 inches—yellowish brown, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

15 to 27 inches—mottled light brownish gray and

grayish brown silty clay loam

27 to 42 inches—light brownish gray, mottled silty clay

loam

42 to 65 inches—grayish brown, mottled silt loam

65 to 80 inches—mottled grayish brown and yellowish

brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate in the upper part of the solum;

slow in the lower part of the solum

Available water capacity: High
90 Soil Survey

Depth of root zone: Deep in summer, but restricted by

the water table in winter and spring

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.2 to 1.7 feet

during winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, and grain sorghum

in areas that have been adequately drained; small

grains are subject to occasional flooding

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings

• Occasional flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Surface drains to remove and/or divert excess

water

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Occasional flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Utilizing forage species tolerant of seasonal

wetness

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, red maple, green

ash, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Moderate equipment limitations due to seasonal

wetness

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Selecting a site at a higher elevation above floodprone areas

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Selecting a site at a higher elevation above floodprone areas

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

KuA—Kurk silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Stream terraces along Bayou de

Chien and near the mouth of Mud Creek

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

concave areas

Size of areas: 10 to 40 acres
Fulton County, Kentucky 91

Composition

• Kurk and similar soils: 75 to 80 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 20 to 25

percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Convent and Dekoven soils along drainageways

• Routon soils in similar positions

• Soils similar to Kurk that are strongly alkaline or

very strongly alkaline throughout

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silt loam

Transitional layer:

8 to 15 inches—yellowish brown, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

15 to 27 inches—mottled light brownish gray and

grayish brown silty clay loam

27 to 42 inches—light brownish gray, mottled silty clay

loam

42 to 65 inches—grayish brown, mottled silt loam

65 to 80 inches—mottled grayish brown and yellowish

brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate in the upper part of the solum;

slow in the lower part of the solum

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Deep in summer, but restricted by

the water table in winter and spring

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.2 to 1.7 feet

during winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3w

Suitability: Suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, and grain sorghum

in areas that have been adequately drained; small

grains are generally not suited due to the flooding

hazard

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Surface drains to remove and/or divert excess

water

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Seasonal wetness

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Utilizing forage species tolerant of seasonal

wetness

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Bottomland oaks, red maple, green

ash, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Moderate equipment limitations due to seasonal

wetness

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited
92 Soil Survey

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

LEVEE—Levee

This map unit consists of a continuous, compacted,

earthen embankment designed and constructed by

the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to provide

protection against floodwaters from the Mississippi

River. The levee is generally about 300 feet wide at

the bottom and between 15 and 20 feet wide at the

top. The levee runs continuously along the south and

eastern side of the Mississippi River in the Lower

Bottom south of Hickman, and extends northward

nearly halfway around the eastern edge of Madrid

Bend. A gravel road runs along the top of the levee. A

mixture of grasses, legumes, and weeds occurs on

both sides of the levee and is usually cut and rolled

into large round bales during summer.

Though the levee protects land and property from

floodwaters in the Lower Bottom below Hickman,

ground water in the form of “seepwater” does

inundate depressional areas on the flood plain and

soils immediately adjacent to the inside of the levee

when the river remains above flood stage for an

extended period.

In Madrid Bend the levee is designed to prevent

high velocity floodwaters from sweeping across this

area. However, areas below about 300 feet elevation

are not protected against floods because there is no

levee on the west side of the Bend. Much of the

flooding results from inundation due to backwater

from the south near the Tennessee state line

stretching northward into the Bend when the river

exceeds flood stage.

LoA—Loring silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Summits of ridges

Size of areas: 10 to 50 acres

Composition

• Loring and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Feliciana and Memphis soils in similar positions

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 9 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

9 to 21 inches—strong brown silt loam

21 to 25 inches—mixed yellowish brown and brown,

mottled silt loam

25 to 31 inches—mottled brown and light brownish

gray silty clay loam

31 to 80 inches—a weak fragipan of brown, mottled

silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and

moderately slow in the fragipan

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Moderately deep, slightly

restricted by the fragipan

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.7 to 2.8 feet

during wet periods in winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• A weak fragipan

• Maintaining tilth and fertility
Fulton County, Kentucky 93

Management measures:

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• No significant limitations

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

• Restricted permeability due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area, and in

some instances, special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

LoB—Loring silt loam, 2 to 6 percent

slopes

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Ridgetops

Size of areas: 10 to 500 acres

Composition

• Loring and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Feliciana and Memphis soils in similar positions

• Small areas of Calloway soils near the head of

drainageways

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 9 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

9 to 21 inches—strong brown silt loam

21 to 25 inches—mixed yellowish brown and brown,

mottled silt loam

25 to 31 inches—mottled brown and light brownish

gray silty clay loam

31 to 46 inches—a weak fragipan of brown, mottled

silt loam

46 to 80 inches—a weak fragipan of brown, mottled

silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and

moderately slow in the fragipan

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Moderately deep, slightly

restricted by the fragipan

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.7 to 2.8 feet

during wet periods in winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland
94 Soil Survey

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2e

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Moderate erosion hazard

• Seasonal high water table

• Fragipan

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• No significant limitations

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

• Restricted permeability due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area, and in

some instances, special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

LoB2—Loring silt loam, 2 to 6 percent

slopes, eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Ridgetops and upper side

slopes

Size of areas: 10 to 500 acres

Composition

• Loring and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Feliciana and Memphis soils in similar positions

• Small areas of Calloway soils near the head of

drainageways

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—brown silt loam

Transitional layer:

5 to 11 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

11 to 21 inches—strong brown silt loam

21 to 25 inches—mixed yellowish brown and brown,

mottled silt loam

25 to 80 inches—a weak fragipan of brown, mottled

silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and

moderately slow in the fragipan

Available water capacity: Moderate
Fulton County, Kentucky 95

Depth of root zone: Moderately deep, slightly

restricted by the fragipan

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.7 to 2.8 feet

during wet periods in winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2e

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Moderate erosion hazard

• Seasonal high water table

• Fragipan

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• No significant limitations

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

• Restricted permeability due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area, and in

some instances, special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

LoB3—Loring silt loam, 4 to 6 percent

slopes, severely eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Gently sloping, convex

shoulders and side slopes

Size of areas: 5 to 50 acres

Composition

• Loring and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Convent soils occupying narrow drainageways

• Small areas of Calloway soils in slightly concave

positions

• Areas that are not very limitedly eroded

Similar:

• Grenada soils in similar positions

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—dark grayish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 21 inches—strong brown, mottled silt loam
96 Soil Survey

21 to 65 inches—a weak fragipan of brown and

strong brown, mottled silt loam

65 to 80 inches—strong brown, mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and

moderately slow in the fragipan

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Moderately deep, slightly

restricted by the fragipan

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 1.8 feet

during wet periods in winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3e

Suitability: Suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Depth to weak fragipan

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope length or gradient

increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Shallow depth to weak fragipan

• Maintaining fertility

Management measures:

• Selecting grasses and legumes that are best

adapted to moderately deep rooting depths

• Maximizing the forage efficiency with proper

stocking rates, pasture rotation, and deferred grazing

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Moderate

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• Tile drains by footings

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

• Restricted permeability due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area, and in

some instances, special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

• Depth to fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

LoC2—Loring silt loam, 6 to 12 percent

slopes, eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Sloping, convex shoulders

and side slopes

Size of areas: 10 to 50 acres
Fulton County, Kentucky 97

Composition

• Loring and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Feliciana and Memphis soils in similar positions

• Small areas of Calloway soils in slightly concave

positions near the head of drainageways

• Areas that are very limitedly eroded

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—brown silt loam

Transitional layer:

5 to 11 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

11 to 21 inches—strong brown silt loam

21 to 25 inches—mixed yellowish brown and brown,

mottled silt loam

25 to 80 inches—a weak fragipan of brown, mottled

silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and

moderately slow in the fragipan

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Moderately deep, limited by the

fragipan

Surface runoff: Moderate to moderately rapid

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.7 to 2.8 feet

during wet periods in winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3e

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Seasonal high water table

• Fragipan

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• No significant limitations

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

• Seasonal wetness due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• Tile drains by footings

• Proper engineering design, site preparation, and

construction

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

• Slow permeability due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area, and in

some instances, special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength
98 Soil Survey

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

LoC3—Loring silt loam, 6 to 12 percent

slopes, severely eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Shoulders and side slopes

Size of areas: 5 to 500 acres

Composition

• Loring and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Adler and Convent soils occupying narrow

drainageways

• Calloway soils in slightly concave positions at the

head of small drainages

• Areas that are not very limitedly eroded

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—dark grayish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 21 inches—yellowish brown and strong brown,

mottled silt loam

21 to 48 inches—a weak fragipan of yellowish brown

and brown, mottled silt loam

48 to 80 inches—strong brown, mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and

moderately slow in the fragipan

Available water capacity: Low

Depth of root zone: Moderately deep, slightly

restricted by the weak fragipan

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 1.8 feet

during wet periods in winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 4e

Suitability: Suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Depth to the fragipan

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope length or gradient

increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Depth to the fragipan

• Maintaining fertility

Management measures:

• Selecting grasses and legumes that are best

adapted to shallow to moderately deep rooting depths

• Maximizing the forage efficiency with proper

stocking rates, pasture rotation, and deferred grazing

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Severe equipment limitations due to seasonal

wetness

 • Moderate plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

• Seasonal wetness due to the fragipan
Fulton County, Kentucky 99

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• Tile drains by footings

• Proper engineering design, site preparation, and

construction

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

• Restricted permeability due to the fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area, and in

some instances, special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

• Depth to fragipan

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

LoD3—Loring silt loam, 12 to 20 percent

slopes, severely eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Moderately steep side

slopes

Size of areas: 10 to more than 100 acres

Composition

• Loring and similar soils: 80 to 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 to 20

percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Feliciana and Memphis soils in similar positions

• Small areas that are not very limitedly eroded

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 20 inches—strong brown, mottled silt loam

20 to 38 inches—a weak fragipan consisting of strong

brown, mottled silt loam

38 to 80 inches—dark brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Moderately slow

Available water capacity: Low

Depth of root zone: Shallow, limited by the weak

fragipan

Surface runoff: Moderate to moderately rapid

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 1.8 feet

during wet periods in winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 6e

Suitability: Poorly suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Limited available water holding capacity

• Shallow depth to the fragipan

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope length or gradient

increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Shallow depth to the fragipan

• Maintaining fertility.

Management measures:

• Selecting grasses and legumes that are best

adapted to shallow to moderately deep rooting depths

• Maximizing the forage efficiency with proper

stocking rates, pasture rotation, and deferred grazing

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section
100 Soil Survey

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Moderate plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Proper engineering design, site preparation, and

construction

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

• Restricted permeability due to the fragipan

• Seasonal wetness

Corrective measures:

• Installing the absorption field on adjacent, less

sloping areas

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Special design or alternate system in some

instances

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Proper engineering design, site preparation, and

construction

• Utilizing adjacent areas with less slope

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

M-W—Miscellaneous water

This map unit consists of miscellaneous areas of

water occupying municipal sewage treatment lagoons

and industrial waste ponds. The lagoons and waste

ponds are manmade structures, either square or

rectangular in shape, and contain an earthen berm

around the periphery of the structure. These

miscellaneous areas of water remain inundated

throughout the year.

MeA—Memphis silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Nearly level ridgetops

Size of areas: 5 to 25 acres

Composition

• Memphis and similar soils: 95 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 5 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Loring soils in similar positions

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 7 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

7 to 31 inches—strong brown silt loam

31 to 80 inches—brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: Greater than 6

feet

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability class: 1
Fulton County, Kentucky 101

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• No significant limitations

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Not limited

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Surface drains or curtain drains, where practical, to

remove excess water

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

MeB—Memphis silt loam, 2 to 6 percent

slopes

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Gently sloping narrow

ridgetops

Size of areas: 5 to 250 acres

Composition

• Memphis and similar soils: 95 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 5 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Loring soils in similar positions

• Small eroded areas

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 7 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

7 to 31 inches—strong brown silt loam

31 to 80 inches—brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: Greater than 6

feet

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2e

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Moderate erosion hazard

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage
102 Soil Survey

• Intensifying measures as slope increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• No significant limitations

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Not limited

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Surface drains or curtain drains, where practical, to

remove excess water

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

MeB2—Memphis silt loam, 2 to 6 percent

slopes, eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Gently sloping narrow

ridgetops

Size of areas: 5 to 250 acres

Composition

• Memphis and similar soils: 95 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 5 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Loring soils in similar positions

• Uneroded areas

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 31 inches—strong brown silt loam

31 to 80 inches—brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: Greater than 6

feet

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2e

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Moderate erosion hazard

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• No significant limitations
Fulton County, Kentucky 103

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Not limited

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Surface drains or curtain drains, where practical, to

remove excess water

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

MeC2—Memphis silt loam, 6 to 12 percent

slopes, eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Sloping, narrow ridgetops

and upper shoulders of side slopes

Size of areas: 5 to 75 acres

Composition

• Memphis and similar soils: 95 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 5 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Loring soils on the lower one-third of the unit

• Small, very limitedly eroded areas

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 31 inches—strong brown silt loam

31 to 80 inches—brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: Greater than 6

feet

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3e

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• No significant limitations

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section
104 Soil Survey

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Proper engineering design, site preparation, and

construction

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Restricted permeability

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Utilizing adjacent areas with less slope

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

MeC3—Memphis silt loam, 6 to 12 percent

slopes, severely eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Side slopes

Size of areas: 5 to 75 acres

Composition

• Memphis and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Loring soils on the lower one-third of the unit

• Small areas with only moderate erosion or not

limited for use because of erosion

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—brown silt loam

Transitional layer:

3 to 6 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

6 to 16 inches—brown silt loam

16 to 80 inches—brown and strong brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: Greater than 6

feet

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 4e

Suitability: Suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• No significant limitations

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Plant competition
Fulton County, Kentucky 105

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Proper engineering design, site preparation, and

construction

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Restricted permeability

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Utilizing adjacent areas with less slope

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

MeD3—Memphis silt loam, 12 to 20

percent slopes, severely eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Side slopes

Size of areas: 20 to 175 acres

Composition

• Memphis and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Loring soils on the lower one-third of the unit

• Small areas with only moderate erosion or not

limited for use because of erosion

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—brown silt loam

Transitional layer:

3 to 6 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

6 to 16 inches—brown silt loam

16 to 80 inches—brown and strong brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: Greater than 6

feet

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Pasture (fig. 9)

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 6e

Suitability: Poorly suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, wheat, and grain

sorghum

Management concerns:

• Slope

• Severe erosion hazard

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Grassed waterways along drainageways

• Crop residue management and conservation tillage

• Intensifying measures as slope increases

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Maintaining desired species composition

Management measures:

• Frequent pasture renovation

• Maximizing the forage efficiency with proper

stocking rates, pasture rotation, and deferred grazing
106 Soil Survey

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Utilizing adjacent areas with less slope

• Proper engineering design, site preparation, and

construction

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Utilizing adjacent areas with less slope

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

Figure 9.—Pastureland consisting of a mixture of fescue and white clover on Loring silt loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, severely

eroded, in the foreground and Memphis silt loam 12 to 20 percent slopes, severely eroded, in the background.
Fulton County, Kentucky 107

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Proper engineering design, site preparation, and

construction

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

MeE3—Memphis silt loam, 20 to 30

percent slopes, severely eroded

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Side slopes

Size of areas: 20 to 175 acres

Composition

• Memphis and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Loring and Natchez soils in similar positions

• Small areas with only moderate erosion

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—brown silt loam

Transitional layer:

3 to 6 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

6 to 16 inches—brown silt loam

16 to 80 inches—brown and strong brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: Greater than 6

feet

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Pasture

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 7e

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Slope

• Severe erosion hazard

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Pasture—suited; forage—poorly suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Maintaining desired species composition

Management measures:

• Frequent pasture renovation

• Maximizing the forage efficiency with proper

stocking rates, pasture rotation, and deferred grazing

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, hickory,

and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to slope

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Utilizing adjacent areas with less slope

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Utilizing adjacent areas with less slope

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section
108 Soil Survey

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Proper engineering design, site preparation, and

construction

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

MmF—Memphis-Natchez complex, 30 to

50 percent slopes, gullied

Setting

Major landform: Uplands

Position on the landform: Very steep side slopes of

the highly dissected Mississippi River bluff.

Memphis soils occur primarily on mid to lower

side slopes and on ridgetops and nose slopes;

Natchez soils occur primarily on the mid to upper

one-third of side slopes. The two soils occur as

areas so intricately mixed or so small that

mapping them separately is not practical at the

scale used.

Size of areas: 50 to 2,500 acres

Composition

• Memphis and similar soils: 55 percent

• Natchez and similar soils: 35 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Soils similar to Memphis and Natchez soils with

redoximorphic features below 3 feet

• The steepest areas that have geologic clay,

mudstone, siltstone, and/or sandstone below 3.5 feet

depth with outcropping in places

• Areas with slopes ranging to 60 percent

Typical Profile

Memphis

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

6 to 31 inches—strong brown silt loam

31 to 80 inches—brown silt loam

Natchez

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—dark grayish brown silt loam

Transitional layer:

3 to 8 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

8 to 48 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

Substratum:

48 to 80 inches—yellowish brown silt

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Rapid

Depth to seasonal high water table: Greater than 6

feet

Frequency of flooding: None

Land Use

Major uses: Forestland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: Memphis—7e; Natchez—7e

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Slope

• Severe erosion hazard

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Poorly suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Very steep slopes prevent effective species

establishment and renovation

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Upland oaks, sweetgum, sugar

maple, hickory, and yellow-poplar

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations and erosion hazard due to

slope

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section
Fulton County, Kentucky 109

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Utilizing adjacent areas with less slope

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Utilizing adjacent areas with less slope

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Slope

• Memphis—low strength

Corrective measures:

• Proper engineering design, site preparation, and

construction

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Mo—Mhoon silt loam, ponded

Setting

Major landform: Flood plains

Position on the landform: Depressional areas along

major tributaries to the Mississippi River

Size of areas: 5 to 100 acres

Composition

• Mhoon and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Small areas of Convent and Dekoven soils

scattered throughout the unit

Similar:

• Soils similar to Mhoon on a slightly higher elevation

that are ponded for only short periods throughout the

year

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silt loam

5 to 9 inches—mottled grayish brown and dark

grayish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

9 to 22 inches—dark gray, mottled silt loam

22 to 33 inches—dark gray, mottled silty clay loam

Substratum:

33 to 80 inches—gray, mottled silty clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 4 feet

above the surface throughout most of the year

Frequency of flooding: Inundated throughout most of

the year

Use and Management

Major uses: Forestland and wildlife habitat

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 5w

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Excessive wetness via ponding throughout most of

the year

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Excessive wetness via ponding throughout most of

the year

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

Forestland

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted species: Water-tolerant trees, such as

baldcypress, pin oak, silver maple, water tupelo,

and black willow

Management concerns:

• Excessive wetness via ponding throughout most of

the year
110 Soil Survey

Management measures:

• Timber management is limited by the ponding

• Managing for wetland wildlife habitat

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Ponding

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Ponding

• Wetness

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Ponding

• Wetness

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Op—Openlake silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes, protected

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas

Size of areas: 50 to 500 acres

Composition

• Openlake and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bondurant, Commerce, and Keyespoint soils

• Small areas that have silty clay surface texture

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—very dark grayish brown and dark

grayish brown, mottled silty clay loam

Subsoil:

6 to 36 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silty clay

36 to 51 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silty

clay loam

51 to 65 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silt

loam

Substratum:

65 to 80 inches—gray and grayish brown, mottled silt

loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Very slow

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1 foot to 2 feet of

the surface during winter and spring

Shrink-swell potential: High

Frequency of flooding: None—protected by levee

unless subjected to an unusual, catastrophic

event

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans and corn

Management concerns:

• Narrow range of workability due to high clay content

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings for corn

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• Restricting tillage to periods when the soil is moist,

and not too wet or too dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section
Fulton County, Kentucky 111

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, white

clover, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Controlling weeds

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, black willow,

green ash, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• High shrink-swell potential

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Adding extra reinforcement in foundations or

building on concrete slab

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• Tile drains by footings

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• High shrink-swell potential

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Os—Openlake silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional slackwater areas

Size of areas: 50 to 500 acres

Composition

• Openlake and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Commerce and Keyespoint soils

• Small areas that have silty clay surface texture

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—very dark grayish brown and dark

grayish brown, mottled silty clay loam

Subsoil:

6 to 36 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silty clay

36 to 51 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silty

clay loam

51 to 65 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silt

loam

Substratum:

65 to 80 inches—gray and grayish brown, mottled silt

loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Very slow

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 1 foot to 2 feet of

the surface during winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: High
112 Soil Survey

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to very long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 4w

Suitability: Suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for very long

duration

• Narrow range of workability due to high clay content

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• Restricting tillage to periods when the soil is moist,

and not too wet or too dry

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for very long

duration

• Wetness

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, black willow,

green ash, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• High shrink-swell potential

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Restricted permeability

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• High shrink-swell potential

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Ph—Phillippy silty clay loam, 0 to 3

percent slopes, protected

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to gently

sloping convex low ridges, many of which are old

river terraces at a slightly higher elevation than

the surrounding flood plain

Size of areas: 10 to 100 acres

Composition

• Phillippy and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bardwell, Bowdre, and Ware soils

• Soils similar to Phillippy with a mollic epipedon

greater than 24 inches thick

• Soils that have only 1 foot of clayey textures

overlying loamy layers

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—very dark grayish brown silty clay

loam

Subsurface layer:

10 to 19 inches—dark brown silty clay
Fulton County, Kentucky 113

Subsoil:

19 to 24 inches—brown, mottled loam

24 to 29 inches—brown, mottled very fine sandy loam

29 to 42 inches—brown loamy fine sand

Substratum:

42 to 65 inches—brown fine sand

65 to 80 inches—brown, mottled fine sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderately slow in the surface; very

slow in the subsurface; moderate in the subsoil;

moderately rapid in the substratum

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 2 to 4 feet below

the surface during winter and spring

Shrink-swell potential: High in the upper 1.5 feet

Frequency of flooding: None—protected by levee

unless subjected to an unusual, catastrophic

event

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans and corn

Management concerns:

• Narrow range of workability due to high clay content

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Restricting tillage to periods when the soil is moist,

and not too wet or too dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, white

clover, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Controlling weeds

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, green ash,

pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Not limited

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Moderate

Limitations:

• Restricted permeability in the upper 2 feet

• Seasonal wetness

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Not limited

Pp—Phillippy silty clay loam, 0 to 3

percent slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain in the

Upper Bottom

Position on the landform: Nearly level to gently

sloping convex low ridges, many of which are old

river terraces at a slightly higher elevation than

the surrounding flood plain

Size of areas: 10 to 75 acres

Composition

• Phillippy and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bardwell, Commerce, and Ware soils

• Soils similar to Phillippy with a mollic epipedon

greater than 24 inches thick
114 Soil Survey

• Soils that have only 1 foot of clayey texture

overlying loamy layers

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—very dark grayish brown silty clay loam

3 to 10 inches—very dark grayish brown silty clay

Subsurface layer:

10 to 19 inches—dark brown silty clay

Subsoil:

19 to 24 inches—brown, mottled loam

24 to 29 inches—brown, mottled very fine sandy loam

29 to 42 inches—brown loamy fine sand

Substratum:

42 to 65 inches—brown fine sand

65 to 80 inches—brown, mottled fine sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderately slow in the surface; very

slow in the subsurface; moderate in the subsoil;

moderately rapid in the substratum

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 2 to 4 feet below

the surface during winter and spring

Shrink-swell potential: High in the upper 1.5 feet

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Narrow range of workability due to high clay content

in the surface layers

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Restricting tillage to periods when the soil is moist,

and not too wet or too dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, American

sycamore, elm, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Flooding hazard

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• High shrink-swell potential in the upper 2 feet

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Restricted permeability in the upper 2 feet

• Seasonal wetness

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section
Fulton County, Kentucky 115

PtD—Pits-Udorthents complex, 0 to 20

percent slopes

Setting

Major landform: Areas excavated for earthen fill,

gravel or sand

Size of areas: 10 to 100 acres

Composition

• Pits: 75 percent

• Udorthents: 15 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Areas of Commerce, Feliciana, and Loring soils

• Areas that have water at the bottom of some pits

Typical Profile

This map unit consists of areas in which the soil

has been excavated for earthen fill or has been

removed to expose the underlying gravel and sand.

The earthen fill has been used primarily for levee and

highway construction. Gravel and sand are used for

general construction and building purposes such as

subgrade for highways, parking lots, and foundations.

Pits are open excavations from which soil and

underlying materials have been removed. These

areas typically have vertical or nearly vertical walls

that are 10 to 40 feet high.

Udorthents consist of loamy material containing a

mixture of topsoil, subsoil, and the substratum where

the three materials have been smoothed and graded.

A portion of the gravel pit in the northeast area of the

county, east of Crutchfield, has been reclaimed and

reseeded to a permanent vegetative cover. Texture is

generally silt loam or silty clay loam with no definite

arrangement into layers because of the mixing that

occurred during mineral extraction.

In some places, each miscellaneous area is large

enough to map separately, but because of present

and predicted use, they are mapped as one unit.

Soil Properties and Qualities

Udorthents

Natural fertility: Very low

Organic matter content: Very low

Permeability: Highly variable because of the nature of

the materials

Available water capacity: Low

Depth of root zone: Shallow to moderately deep

Surface runoff: Medium to very high

Land Use

Cropland

Land capability subclass: Pits—none assigned;

Udorthents—7e

Suitability: Not suited

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Poorly suited

Adapted plants: Fescue and native grasses

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Droughtiness

• Coarse fragment content in places

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Poorly suited

Adapted species: Loblolly pine and shortleaf pine

Management concerns:

• Droughtiness

• Erosion hazard

• Equipment limitations

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Most areas have very limited soil interpretations for

Residential and Commercial Uses. Onsite

investigation is necessary to determine the limitations

and suitability for any proposed use.

Ra—Riverwash, 0 to 3 percent slopes,

frequently flooded

This map unit is a miscellaneous area consisting of

unvegetated sand bars in the main channel of the

Mississippi River. Use and management of riverwash

is impractical and, therefore, this map unit is not

assigned a land capability class.

Rb—Robinsonville fine sandy loam, 0 to 3

percent slopes, protected

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain in the

Lower Bottom and in Madrid Bend above 300 feet

elevation
116 Soil Survey

Position on the landform: Near the levee, occupying a

slightly higher elevation than surrounding areas

Size of areas: 15 to 75 acres

Composition

• Robinsonville and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bardwell, Commerce, Phillippy, and Ware soils

• Soils similar to Robinsonville that are moderately

well drained

• Areas that have silt loam or loam surface texture

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—dark brown fine sandy loam

Transitional layer:

5 to 14 inches—brown fine sandy loam

Substratum:

14 to 80 inches—brown fine and very fine sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 4 to 6 feet below

the surface during winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: None

Frequency of flooding: None—protected by levee

unless subjected to an unusual, catastrophic

event

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability class: 1

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans, corn, and small grains

Management concerns:

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, white

clover, red clover, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, American

sycamore, American elm, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Using cultivation and/or chemicals to alleviate

undesirable species

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Not limited

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Somewhat limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

Corrective measures:

• Installing effluent lines above 3 feet depth

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Not limited

Rc—Robinsonville fine sandy loam, 0 to 3

percent slopes, occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Madrid Bend area of the Mississippi

River flood plain

Position on the landform: Near the levee and along

the north side of the escarpment, occupying a

slightly higher elevation than surrounding areas

Size of areas: 15 to 125 acres

Composition

• Robinsonville and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bardwell, Commerce, Crevasse, and Ware soils
Fulton County, Kentucky 117

• Soils similar to Robinsonville that are moderately

well drained

• Small areas that have silt loam or loam surface

texture

• Small areas above 300 feet elevation that rarely

flood

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—dark brown fine sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

5 to 14 inches—brown fine sandy loam

Substratum:

14 to 80 inches—brown fine sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 4 to 6 feet during

winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: None

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, and wheat

Management concerns:

• Flooding hazard

• Droughtiness

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Management concerns:

• Flooding

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, American

sycamore, American elm, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Using cultivation and/or chemicals to alleviate

undesirable species

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Rf—Robinsonville fine sandy loam, 0 to 3

percent slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain in the

Upper Bottom and Madrid Bend

Position on the landform: Areas of slightly higher

elevation than surrounding landscapes

Size of areas: 15 to 250 acres

Composition

• Robinsonville and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent
118 Soil Survey

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bardwell, Commerce, Crevasse, Phillippy, and

Ware soils

• Soils similar to Robinsonville that are moderately

well drained

• Small areas that have silt loam or loam surface

texture

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—dark brown fine sandy loam

Transitional layer:

5 to 14 inches—brown fine sandy loam

Substratum:

14 to 80 inches—brown fine and very fine sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 4 to 6 feet during

winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: None

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans and corn

Management concerns:

• Spring flooding sometimes lasting for long duration

• Delayed plantings in the spring

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• Flooding sometimes lasting for long duration

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, American

sycamore, elm, pecan, and sweetgum (fig.10)

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Using cultivation and/or chemicals to alleviate

undesirable species

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

RmD—Robinsonville fine sandy loam,

natural levee, 8 to 25 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain in Madrid

Bend

Position on the landform: Nearly linear to arcuate

natural levee escarpment along the southern part

of the bend

Size of areas: 250 acres

Composition

• Robinsonville and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent
Fulton County, Kentucky 119

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Crevasse and Ware soils

• Small areas that have silt loam or loam surface

texture

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—dark brown fine sandy loam

Transitional layer:

6 to 14 inches—brown fine sandy loam

Substratum:

14 to 80 inches—brown fine and very fine sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 4 to 6 feet during

winter and spring

Shrink-swell potential: None

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—portions of the

escarpment below 300 feet elevation experience

occasional backwater flooding of brief to long

duration

Figure 10.—Agroforestry consisting of American sycamore plantings on Robinsonville fine sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes,

frequently flooded, on the right and Crevasse loamy fine sand, 0 to 3 percent slopes, frequently flooded, on the left (soybeans

growing in the foreground).
120 Soil Survey

Land Use

Major uses: Idle land

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 4e

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Slope

• Severe erosion hazard

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Suited

Adapted plants: White clover, tall fescue, and

common bermudagrass

Management concerns:

• Severe erosion hazard

• Short, steep slopes in places prevent effective

species establishment and renovation

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, American elm,

pecan, sugarberry, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations and erosion hazard due to

slope

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Slope

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Slope—adapting road design to the slope

• Low strength—using a more suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Ro—Roellen silty clay, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain in the

Lower Bottom

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas

Size of areas: 5 to 200 acres

Composition

• Roellen and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bondurant, Bowdre, Sharkey, and Tunica soils

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—very dark grayish brown, mottled silty

clay

Subsurface layer:

5 to 13 inches—very dark grayish brown, mottled silty

clay

Subsoil:

13 to 42 inches—gray, mottled silty clay and clay

Substratum:

42 to 80 inches—gray, mottled silty clay

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Very slow

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Very slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 0 to 1.5 feet of

the surface during winter and spring

Shrink-swell potential: High
Fulton County, Kentucky 121

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3w

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans

Management concerns:

• Flooding

• Narrow range of workability and poor tilth due to

high clay content

• Excessive wetness

• Susceptibility to excessive compaction

• Delayed plantings

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• Limiting tillage and restricting it to periods when the

soil is moist, and not too wet or too dry

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Poorly suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, white

clover, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Flooding sometimes lasting for long duration

• Excessive wetness

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, black willow,

baldcypress, green ash, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Flooding sometimes lasting for long duration

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• High shrink-swell potential

• Excessive wetness

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Excessive wetness

• Very slow permeability

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• High shrink-swell potential

• Wetness

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

RsA—Routon silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Major landform: Loess uplands

Position on the landform: Stream terraces and the

head of drainageways

Size of areas: 3 to 50 acres

Composition

• Routon and similar soils: 80 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 20 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Small areas of Kurk soils in similar positions

• Soils similar to Routon near the periphery of the

map unit that contain a fragipan below 1.5 feet
122 Soil Survey

• Soils similar to Routon in the Little Bayou de Chien

watershed that are alkaline or very strongly alkaline

throughout

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—dark grayish brown and grayish brown,

mottled silt loam

Subsurface layer:

8 to 15 inches—gray, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

15 to 60 inches—light brownish gray, mottled silt loam

Substratum:

60 to 80 inches—yellowish brown, mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate in the solum; slow in the

substratum

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Deep in summer, but restricted by

the water table in winter and spring

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: Within 1 foot of

the surface during winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: None (a few of the lowest lying

areas may experience rare flooding)

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3w

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, and grain sorghum

in areas that have been adequately drained;

generally not suited to winter wheat

Management concerns:

• Seasonal high water table

• Delayed plantings

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing drainage system

• Reducing tillage operations to minimize compaction

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Utilizing forage species tolerant of excessive

seasonal wetness

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Green ash, sweetgum, cherrybark

oak, pin oak, southern red oak, shagbark hickory,

and red maple

• Moderate equipment limitations due to seasonal

wetness

• Seedling mortality and plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Excessive seasonal wetness

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

• Low strength
Fulton County, Kentucky 123

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

RtA—Routon silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Stream terraces along Bayou de

Chien and near the mouth of Mud Creek

Position on the landform: Slightly depressional areas

Size of areas: 3 to 50 acres

Composition

• Routon and similar soils: 80 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 20 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Convent, Dekoven, and Mhoon soils along

drainageways

• Small areas of Kurk soils in similar positions

• Soils similar to Routon that contain a fragipan below

1.5 feet

• Soils similar to Routon that are strongly alkaline

throughout

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—dark grayish brown and grayish brown,

mottled silt loam

Subsurface layer:

8 to 15 inches—gray, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

15 to 60 inches—light brownish gray, mottled silt loam

Substratum:

60 to 80 inches—yellowish brown, mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate in the solum; slow in the

substratum

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Deep in summer, but restricted by

the water table in winter and spring

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: Within 1 foot of

the surface during winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3w

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted crops: Corn, soybeans, and grain sorghum

in areas that have been adequately drained;

generally not suited to winter wheat

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Delayed plantings

• Occasional flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing drainage system

• Reducing tillage operations to minimize compaction

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Occasional flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Utilizing forage species tolerant of excessive

seasonal wetness

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Green ash, sweetgum, cherrybark

oak, pin oak, southern red oak, shagbark hickory,

and red maple

• Moderate equipment limitations due to seasonal

wetness

• Seedling mortality and plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry
124 Soil Survey

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Selecting a site at a higher elevation above floodprone areas

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Excessive seasonal wetness

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Selecting a site at a higher elevation above floodprone areas

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

RuA—Routon silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Stream terraces along Bayou de

Chien and mouth of Mud Creek

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas

Size of areas: 15 to 300 acres

Composition

• Routon and similar soils: 80 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 20 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Convent, Dekoven, and Mhoon soils along

drainageways

• Small areas of Kurk soils in similar positions

• Soils similar to Routon that are strongly alkaline

throughout

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—dark grayish brown and grayish brown,

mottled silt loam

Subsurface layer:

8 to 15 inches—gray, mottled silt loam

Subsoil:

15 to 60 inches—light brownish gray, mottled silt loam

Substratum:

60 to 80 inches—yellowish brown, mottled silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate in the solum; slow in the

substratum

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Deep in summer, but restricted by

the water table in winter and spring

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: Within 1 foot of

the surface during winter and early spring

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 4w

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans and grain sorghum

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Delayed plantings

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Susceptibility to compaction

• Maintaining tilth and fertility
Fulton County, Kentucky 125

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing drainage system

• Reducing tillage operations to minimize compaction

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Poorly suited

Adapted plants: White clover and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Wetness

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for long

duration

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• Utilizing forage species tolerant of excessive

seasonal wetness

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Green ash, sweetgum, shagbark

hickory, and red maple

• Moderate equipment limitations due to seasonal

wetness

• Seedling mortality and plant competition

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Excessive seasonal wetness

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Wetness

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Sc—Sharkey silty clay, ponded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Depressional areas

Size of areas: 10 to 150 acres

Composition

• Sharkey and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Tunica soils

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—very dark grayish brown, mottled silty

clay

Subsoil:

5 to 36 inches—gray, mottled silty clay

Substratum:

36 to 80 inches—gray, mottled silty clay

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Very slow

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Very slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 4 feet

above the surface during winter and spring

Shrink-swell potential: High

Frequency of flooding: Inundated due to ponded

conditions during most of the year
126 Soil Survey

Land Use

Major uses: Forestland and wetland wildlife habitat

(fig. 11)

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 5w

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Excessive wetness resulting from ponded

conditions

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Excessive wetness resulting from ponded

conditions

Forestland

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted species: Baldcypress, Eastern cottonwood,

and black willow

Figure 11.—An area of Sharkey silty clay, ponded, exhibiting excellent vegetative morphological adaptations in response to wetland

hydrology. Notice the buttressed trunks and pneumatophores (knees) of the bald cypress trees. High water marks can also be

seen about 3 feet up from the base of the trees.
Fulton County, Kentucky 127

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to ponded conditions

• Slow growth

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Excessive wetness resulting from ponded

conditions

• High shrink-swell potential

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Excessive wetness resulting from ponded

conditions

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Excessive wetness resulting from ponded

conditions

• High shrink-swell potential

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Sh—Sharkey silty clay, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, protected

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas

Size of areas: 20 to 100 acres

Composition

• Sharkey and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Keyespoint, Openlake, and Tunica soils

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—very dark grayish brown, mottled silty

clay

Subsoil:

5 to 36 inches—gray, mottled silty clay

Substratum:

36 to 80 inches—gray, mottled silty clay

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Very slow

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Very slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 0 to 1 foot of the

surface during winter and spring

Shrink-swell potential: High

Frequency of flooding: None—protected by levee

unless subjected to an unusual, catastrophic

event.

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3w

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans

Management concerns:

• Narrow range of workability due to high clay content

• Excessive wetness

• Delayed plantings

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• Restricting tillage to periods when the soil is moist,

and not too wet or too dry

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited
128 Soil Survey

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, white

clover, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Excessive wetness

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, black willow,

baldcypress, green ash, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

• High shrink-swell potential

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• Tile drains by footings

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• Adding extra reinforcement in foundations or

building on concrete slab

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• High shrink-swell potential

• Seasonal wetness

• Low strength

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Sk—Sharkey silty clay, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional slackwater areas

Size of areas: 5 to 200 acres

Composition

• Sharkey and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Keyespoint, Openlake, and Tunica soils

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—very dark grayish brown, mottled silty

clay

Subsoil:

5 to 36 inches—gray, mottled silty clay

Substratum:

36 to 80 inches—gray, mottled silty clay

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Very slow

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Very slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 0 to 1 foot of the

surface during winter and spring

Shrink-swell potential: High

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to very long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Forestland and cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 5w
Fulton County, Kentucky 129

Suitability: Poorly suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for very long

duration

• Narrow range of workability due to high clay content

• Excessive wetness

• Delayed plantings

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• Restricting tillage to periods when the soil is moist,

and not too wet or too dry

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Not suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, white

clover, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for very long

duration

• Excessive wetness

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, black willow,

baldcypress, green ash, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Excessive wetness

• High shrink-swell potential

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Excessive seasonal wetness

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• High shrink-swell potential

• Low strength

• Excessive seasonal wetness

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Tc—Tunica silty clay, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, protected

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas

Size of areas: 25 to 250 acres

Composition

• Tunica and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bondurant, Bowdre, and Sharkey soils

• Soils similar to Tunica that have a mollic epipedon

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silty clay

Subsoil:

8 to 22 inches—gray, mottled silty clay

22 to 33 inches—gray, mottled silty clay loam

33 to 40 inches—mottled gray and dark grayish

brown silt loam

40 to 48 inches—gray, mottled loam

Substratum:

48 to 80 inches—brown sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate
130 Soil Survey

Permeability: Very slow in the upper 2 feet; moderate

below 2 feet

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Very slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 0 to 1 foot of the

surface during winter and spring

Shrink-swell potential: High

Frequency of flooding: None—protected by levee

unless subjected to an unusual, catastrophic

event.

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3w

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans

Management concerns:

• Narrow range of workability due to high clay content

in the surface layer

• Excessive wetness

• Delayed plantings

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• Restricting tillage to periods when the soil is moist,

and not too wet or too dry

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Moderately suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, white

clover, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Excessive wetness

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, black willow,

baldcypress, green ash, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness

• High shrink-swell potential

Corrective measures:

• Surface drains or curtain drains to remove excess

water

• Tile drains by footings

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• Adding extra reinforcement in foundations or

building on concrete slab

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Wetness

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• High shrink-swell potential

• Low strength

• Excessive seasonal wetness

Corrective measures:

• Construction on suitable subgrade or base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Tu—Tunica silty clay, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional slackwater areas

Size of areas: 5 to 200 acres
Fulton County, Kentucky 131

Composition

• Tunica and similar soils: 90 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Keyespoint, Openlake, and Sharkey soils

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—dark grayish brown, mottled silty clay

Subsoil:

8 to 22 inches—gray, mottled silty clay

22 to 33 inches—gray, mottled silty clay loam

33 to 40 inches—mottled gray and dark grayish

brown silt loam

40 to 48 inches—gray, mottled loam

Substratum:

48 to 80 inches—brown sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Very slow in the upper 2 feet; moderate

below 2 feet

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth of root zone: Deep

Surface runoff: Very slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 0 to 1 foot of the

surface during winter and spring

Shrink-swell potential: High

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to very long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Forestland and cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 5w

Suitability: Poorly suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for very long

duration

• Narrow range of workability due to high clay content

• Excessive wetness

• Delayed plantings

• Maintaining tilth

Management measures:

• Maintenance of existing open drainage system

• Restricting tillage to periods when the soil is moist,

and not too wet or too dry

• Compliance with existing wetland laws and

regulations

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Poorly suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, white

clover, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Frequent flooding sometimes lasting for very long

duration

• Excessive wetness

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, black willow,

baldcypress, green ash, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Equipment limitations due to seasonal wetness

• Seedling mortality

Management measures:

• Restricting equipment use to periods when the soil

is dry

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• High shrink-swell potential

• Excessive wetness

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• Excessive wetness

• Restricted permeability

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited
132 Soil Survey

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

• High shrink-swell potential

• Excessive seasonal wetness

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

UdC—Udorthents-Urban land complex,

5 to 25 percent slopes

Setting

Major landform: Areas of significant highway and

commercial development

Position on the landform: Uplands and flood plains

along the Purchase Parkway and the Mud Creek

flood plain along Kentucky Highway 94. The two

components occur as areas so intricately mixed

or so small that mapping them separately is not

practical at the scale used.

Size of areas: 25 to 250 acres

Composition

• Udorthents: 55 percent

• Urban land: 35 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 10 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Small areas of Calloway, Convent, Feliciana,

Grenada, Loring, and Memphis soils

• Narrow areas of exit ramps containing slopes that

range to 40 percent

Typical Profile

This map unit consists of cut-and-fill areas

containing loamy material of mixed topsoil, subsoil,

sand, and/or gravel where the natural soil was graded

and smoothed primarily for highway development.

The natural soil has been so altered or obscured by

cut-and-fill operations that soil identification is no

longer feasible.

Udorthents consist of loamy material containing a

mixture of topsoil, subsoil, sand, and/or gravel that

have been smoothed and graded. Texture ranges

from gravelly silt loam or sandy loam to extremely

gravelly silty clay loam with no definite arrangement

into layers because of the mixing during cut-and-fill

operations. Most areas containing fill material occur

where the highway extends across a natural flood

plain. Areas that have been cut and regraded occur

primarily on upland ridges and side slopes.

Urban land is primarily land covered by highways,

but also includes commercial buildings, parking lots,

and other urban structures. In places, the natural

drainage pattern has been altered and replaced by a

system of ditches and storm drains.

In some places, each miscellaneous area is large

enough to map separately, but because of present

and predicted use, they are mapped as one unit. Most

delineations contain both miscellaneous areas, but a

few contain only one of these areas.

Soil Properties and Qualities

Udorthents

Natural fertility: Low

Organic matter content: Low

Permeability: Highly variable because of the nature of

the materials

Available water capacity: Low to moderate

Depth of root zone: Shallow to moderately deep

Surface runoff: Medium to very high

Land Use

Major uses: Commercial highways

Land capability subclass: None assigned

Permanent Vegetative Cover

Suitability: Udorthents—moderately suited

Adapted plants: Tall fescue, Ladino clover, and

lespedeza

Management concerns:

• Udorthents—acidity, steep slopes, droughtiness,

and very low fertility levels

Management measures:

• Periodic fertilization helps to maintain a lush,

vegetative cover for erosion control

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

UrB—Urban land-Udorthents complex,

2 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Major landform: Areas of commercial and industrial

development

Position on the landform: Gently sloping to sloping

ridges and side slopes and, less commonly, on

nearly level flood plains. The two components

occur as areas so intricately mixed or so small

that mapping them separately is not practical at

the scale used.
Fulton County, Kentucky 133

Size of areas: 5 to 40 acres

Composition

• Urban land: 65 percent

• Udorthents: 20 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Collins and Falaya soils on flood plains

• Very small areas of Feliciana, Grenada, and Loring

soils on upland ridges and side slopes

Typical Profile

This map unit consists of areas containing loamy

material of mixed topsoil, subsoil, sand, and/or gravel

where the natural soil was graded and smoothed in

order to build urban structures. The vast majority of

this map unit occurs in and around Fulton. The

natural soils—primarily those of the Feliciana,

Grenada, and Loring series—have been so altered or

obscured by urban works and structures that soil

identification is no longer feasible.

Urban land is land covered by commercial

buildings, streets, parking lots, railroad yards, and

other urban structures. In places, the natural drainage

pattern has been altered and replaced by a system of

ditches and storm drains.

Udorthents consist of areas in which the natural

soil has been cut and graded, or has been filled with

loamy material containing a mixture of topsoil, subsoil,

sand, and/or gravel that has been smoothed and

graded. Texture ranges from gravelly silt loam or

sandy loam to extremely gravelly silty clay loam with

no definite arrangement into layers because of the

mixing during cut-and-fill operations. On most areas,

either the depth of the mixed material is 2 to 5 feet, or

about 10 inches to 5 feet or more of the natural soil

was removed.

In some places, each miscellaneous area is large

enough to map separately, but because of present

and predicted use, they are mapped as one unit. Most

delineations contain both miscellaneous areas, but a

few contain only one.

Soil Properties and Qualities

Udorthents

Natural fertility: Very low

Organic matter content: Very low

Permeability: Highly variable because of the nature of

the materials

Available water capacity: Low to moderate

Depth of root zone: Shallow to moderately deep

Surface runoff: Medium to very high

Land Use

Major uses: Business and industrial development

Land capability subclass: None assigned

Landscaping and Greenways

Suitability: Udorthents—Moderately suited

Adapted plants: Most commonly grown lawn and

landscaping plants can be used

Management concerns:

• Udorthents—acidity, droughtiness, and very low

fertility levels

Management measures:

• A better suited topsoil material in places having an

abundance of small gravel, excessive compaction

during grading and smoothing operations, limited

rooting depth, and removal of the surface soil

• Adequate lime, fertilizer, and water

• Incorporating organic matter, such as bark and

mulching, help to assure a successful seeding

• Field borders around parks, cemeteries, and utility

right-of-ways promote habitat diversity

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

• Onsite investigation is necessary to determine the

limitations and suitability for any proposed use.

W—Water

This map unit consists of water occupying ponds,

lakes, rivers, and double-line streams. These areas

are inundated by water in most years, at least during

the period that is warm enough for plants to grow.

However, most areas are covered with water

throughout the year. Pits containing water most of the

time are also mapped as Water.

Wa—Ware loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

protected

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain in the

Lower Bottom

Position on the landform: Nearly level, low ridges of

old natural levees at a slightly higher elevation

than surrounding areas

Size of areas: 15 to 75 acres

Composition

• Ware and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent
134 Soil Survey

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bardwell and Robinsonville soils

• Soils similar to Ware that are fine-loamy

• Areas that have fine sandy loam surface texture

• About 15 acres located at Sassafras Ridge with

slopes ranging from 3 to 6 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 15 inches—very dark grayish brown and very

dark gray loam

Subsoil:

15 to 30 inches—brown and dark yellowish brown fine

sandy loam and very fine sandy loam

Substratum:

30 to 80 inches—brown fine sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 4 to 6 feet of the

surface during winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: None

Frequency of flooding: None—protected by levee

unless subjected to an unusual, catastrophic

event

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability class: 1

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans, corn, and small grains

Management concerns:

• Droughtiness (fig. 12)

Management measures:

• Irrigation to overcome prolonged droughty periods

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, white

clover, red clover, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, American

sycamore, American elm, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Cultivation and/or chemicals to alleviate undesirable

species

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Not limited

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness within 3 feet of the surface

• Groundwater pollution due to poor filtering capacity

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Installing effluent lines above 3 feet depth

• Special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Not limited

Wm—Ware loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain in Madrid

Bend between about 288 feet and 300 feet

elevation

Position on the landform: Nearly level old natural

levees occupying a slightly higher elevation than

surrounding areas

Size of areas: 15 to 75 acres

Composition

• Ware and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent
Fulton County, Kentucky 135

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bardwell, Commerce, and Robinsonville soils

• Areas that have silt loam or very fine sandy loam

surface texture

• Areas that have a thin overwash of lighter colored

brown fine sandy loam overlying the darker mollic

material

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 15 inches—very dark grayish brown and very

dark gray loam

Subsoil:

15 to 30 inches—brown and dark yellowish brown fine

sandy loam and very fine sandy loam

Substratum:

30 to 80 inches—brown fine sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Figure 12.—Supplemental irrigation is an effective means of increasing crop yields in areas of Ware loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

protected.
136 Soil Survey

Depth to seasonal high water table: 4 to 6 feet of the

surface during winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: None

Frequency of flooding: Occasional—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 2w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans and corn

Management concerns:

• Flooding hazard

• Droughtiness

Management measures:

• Irrigation to overcome prolonged droughty periods

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, white

clover, red clover, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Flooding sometimes lasting for long duration

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, American

sycamore, elm, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Using cultivation and/or chemicals to alleviate

undesirable species

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section

Wr—Ware silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

protected

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain in the

Lower Bottom

Position on the landform: Broad, nearly level, low

ridges of old natural levees occupying a slightly

higher elevation than surrounding areas

Size of areas: 15 to 75 acres

Composition

• Ware and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bardwell, Phillippy, and Robinsonville soils

• Soils similar to Ware that have enough clay in the

subsoil to be fine-loamy

• Areas that have loam or silty clay loam surface

texture

• Areas that have a thin overwash of lighter colored

brown fine sandy loam overlying the darker mollic

material

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—very dark grayish brown silt loam

3 to 9 inches—very dark grayish brown silty clay loam

Subsurface layer:

9 to 13 inches—very dark grayish brown silt loam
Fulton County, Kentucky 137

Subsoil:

13 to 22 inches—dark brown silt loam

22 to 27 inches—dark yellowish brown very fine

sandy loam

Substratum:

27 to 80 inches—brown very fine sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 4 to 6 feet of the

surface during winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: None

Frequency of flooding: None—protected by levee

unless subjected to an unusual, catastrophic

event

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability class: 1

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans, corn, and small grains

Management concerns:

• Maintaining tilth and fertility

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted plants: Common bermudagrass, white

clover, red clover, and tall fescue

Management concerns:

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, American

sycamore, American elm, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Using cultivation and/or chemicals to alleviate

undesirable species

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Not limited

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Seasonal wetness within 3 feet of the surface

• Groundwater pollution due to poor filtering capacity

Corrective measures:

• Curtain drains to remove excess water

• Increasing the size of the absorption area

• Installing effluent lines above 3 feet depth

• Special design or alternate system

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Sanitary Facilities Section

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Not limited

Ws—Ware silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Major landform: Mississippi River flood plain in the

Upper Bottom and below about 290 feet elevation

in Madrid Bend

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

convex old natural levees occupying a slightly

higher elevation than surrounding areas of the

flood plain

Size of areas: 15 to 75 acres

Composition

• Ware and similar soils: 85 percent

• Contrasting components of minor extent: 15 percent

Minor Components

Contrasting:

• Bardwell, Phillippy, and Robinsonville soils

• Areas that have loam or silty clay loam surface

texture

• Areas that have a thin overwash of lighter colored

brown fine sandy loam overlying the darker mollic

material
138

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—very dark grayish brown silt loam

3 to 9 inches—very dark grayish brown silty clay loam

Subsurface layer:

9 to 13 inches—very dark grayish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

13 to 22 inches—dark brown silt loam

22 to 27 inches—dark yellowish brown very fine

sandy loam

Substratum:

27 to 80 inches—brown very fine sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Depth: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Organic matter content: Moderate

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth of root zone: Very deep

Surface runoff: Slow

Depth to seasonal high water table: 4 to 6 feet during

winter and early spring

Shrink-swell potential: None

Frequency of flooding: Frequent—brief to long

duration

Land Use

Major uses: Cropland

Cropland

Land capability subclass: 3w

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted crops: Soybeans

Management concerns:

• Flooding hazard

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Pasture and Forage

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• Flooding sometimes lasting for long duration

• Controlling weeds

Management measures:

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Crops and

Pasture Section

Forestland

Suitability: Well suited

Adapted species: Eastern cottonwood, American

sycamore, elm, pecan, and sweetgum

Management concerns:

• Flooding hazard

• Plant competition

Management measures:

• Using cultivation and/or chemicals to alleviate

undesirable species

• See Use and Management of the Soils, Forest

Productivity and Management Section

Residential and Commercial Uses

Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Septic Tank Absorption Fields

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Impractical or none feasible

Local Roads and Streets

Limitation rating: Very limited

Limitations:

• Flooding hazard

Corrective measures:

• Construction on a raised fill of suitable subgrade or

base material

• See Use and Management of the Soils,

Engineering, Building Site Development Section
139

Prime farmland is one of several kinds of important

farmland defined by the U.S. Department of

Agriculture. It is of major importance in meeting the

Nation’s short- and long-range needs for food and

fiber. Because the supply of high-quality farmland is

limited, the U.S. Department of Agriculture recognizes

that responsible levels of government, as well as

individuals, should encourage and facilitate the wise

use of our Nation’s prime farmland.

Prime farmland, as defined by the U.S. Department

of Agriculture, is land that has the best combination of

physical and chemical characteristics for producing

food, feed, forage, fiber, and oilseed crops and is

available for these uses. It could be cultivated land,

pastureland, forestland, or other land, but it is not

urban or built-up land or water areas. The soil

qualities, growing season, and moisture supply are

those needed for the soil to economically produce

sustained high yields of crops when proper

management, including water management, and

acceptable farming methods are applied. In general,

prime farmland has an adequate and dependable

supply of moisture from precipitation or irrigation, a

favorable temperature and growing season,

acceptable acidity or alkalinity, an acceptable salt and

sodium content, and few or no rocks. It is permeable

to water and air. It is not excessively erodible or

saturated with water for long periods, and it either is

not frequently flooded during the growing season or is

protected from flooding. Slope ranges mainly from 0

to 6 percent. More detailed information about the

criteria for prime farmland is available at the local

office of the Natural Resources Conservation Service.

About 99,153 acres in the survey area, or nearly

67 percent of the total acreage, meets the soil

requirements for prime farmland. The main crops

produced on the prime farmland soils are corn,

soybeans, wheat, and hay. These crops account for

approximately 71 percent of the county’s total

agricultural income each year.

A recent trend in land use in some parts of the

survey area has been the loss of some prime

farmland to industrial and urban uses. The loss of

prime farmland to other uses puts pressure on

marginal lands, which generally are more erodible,

droughty, and less productive and cannot be easily

cultivated.

The map units in the survey area that are

considered prime farmland are listed in table 5. This

list does not constitute a recommendation for a

particular land use. On some soils included in the list,

measures that overcome a hazard or limitation, such

as flooding, wetness, and droughtiness, are needed.

Onsite evaluation is needed to determine whether or

not the hazard or limitation has been overcome by

corrective measures. The extent of each listed map

unit is shown in table 4. The location is shown on the

detailed soil maps at the back of this publication. The

soil qualities that affect use and management are

described under the heading “Detailed Soil Map

Units.”

Some soils that have a seasonal high water table

and all soils that are frequently flooded during the

growing season qualify as prime farmland only in

areas where these limitations have been overcome by

drainage measures or flood control. If applicable, the

need for these measures is indicated in parentheses

after the map unit name in the table. Onsite

evaluation is needed to determine whether or not

these limitations have been overcome by corrective

measures.

Prime Farmland

141

This soil survey is an inventory and evaluation of

the soils in the survey area. It can be used to adjust

land uses to the limitations and potentials of natural

resources and the environment. Also, it can help to

prevent soil-related failures in land uses.

In preparing a soil survey, soil scientists,

conservationists, engineers, and others collect

extensive field data about the nature and behavioral

characteristics of the soils. They collect data on

erosion, droughtiness, flooding, and other factors that

affect various soil uses and management. Field

experience and collected data on soil properties and

performance are used as a basis in predicting soil

behavior.

Information in this section can be used to plan the

use and management of soils for crops and pasture;

as rangeland and forestland; as sites for buildings,

sanitary facilities, highways and other transportation

systems, and parks and other recreational facilities;

for agricultural waste management; and as wildlife

habitat. It can be used to identify the potentials and

limitations of each soil for specific land uses and to

help prevent construction failures caused by

unfavorable soil properties.

Planners and others using soil survey information

can evaluate the effect of specific land uses on

productivity and on the environment in all or part of

the survey area. The survey can help planners to

maintain or create a land use pattern in harmony with

the natural soil.

Contractors can use this survey to locate sources

of sand and gravel, roadfill, and topsoil. They can use

it to identify areas where bedrock, wetness, or very

firm soil layers can cause difficulty in excavation.

Health officials, highway officials, engineers, and

others may also find this survey useful. The survey

can help them plan the safe disposal of wastes and

locate sites for pavements, sidewalks, campgrounds,

playgrounds, lawns, and trees and shrubs.

Interpretive Ratings

The interpretive tables in this survey rate the soils

in the survey area for various uses. Many of the

tables identify the limitations that affect specified uses

and indicate the severity of those limitations. The

ratings in these tables are both verbal and numerical.

Rating Class Terms

Rating classes are expressed in the tables in terms

that indicate the extent to which the soils are limited

by all of the soil features that affect a specified use or

in terms that indicate the suitability of the soils for the

use. Thus, the tables may show limitation classes or

suitability classes. Terms for the limitation classes are

not limited, somewhat limited, and very limited. The

suitability ratings are expressed as well suited,

moderately suited, poorly suited, and unsuited or as

good, fair, and poor.

Numerical Ratings

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the relative

severity of individual limitations. The ratings are

shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.00 to 1.00.

They indicate gradations between the point at which a

soil feature has the greatest negative impact on the

use and the point at which the soil feature is not a

limitation. The limitations appear in order from the

most limiting to the least limiting. Thus, if more than

one limitation is identified, the most severe limitation

is listed first and the least severe one is listed last.

Crops and Pasture

General management needed for crops and

pasture is suggested in this section. The estimated

yields of the main crops and pasture plants are listed,

the system of land capability classification used by

the Natural Resources Conservation Service is

explained, and prime farmland is described.

Planners of management systems for individual

fields or farms should consider the detailed

information given in the description of each soil under

the heading “Detailed Soil Map Units.” Specific

information can be obtained from the local office of

the Natural Resources Conservation Service or the

Cooperative Extension Service.

In 2000, nearly 90,000 acres in the survey area

was used for crops and pasture. Approximately

83,000 acres, or 92 percent, was used for producing

Use and Management of the Soils
142 Soil Survey

crops consisting mainly of corn, soybeans, and winter

wheat (Kentucky Agricultural Statistics Service, 2001).

Much of the winter wheat was double cropped with

soybeans. The 6,600 acres in pasture and hayland

consisted mainly of tall fescue, white clover, and

common bermudagrass.

The prime farmland in the county, which is land

considered most suitable for growing crops, consists

of the nearly level to gently sloping upland areas and

the nearly level bottomlands on the Mississippi River

flood plain. The moderately steep and steep areas

are not prime farmland and, therefore, are commonly

used for pasture or woodland. Large areas of

woodland on the bottomlands of the Mississippi River

flood plain, particularly the Upper Bottom, were

cleared and planted to soybeans between 1965 and

1985.

Very few specialty crops are grown in Fulton

County, though the soils and climate are quite suited

to a wide range of fruits and vegetables. Rice is

planted on a limited acreage in the Lower Bottom

(fig. 13), but the potential for significantly greater

production exists should favorable economic

conditions prevail. Bondurant, Keyespoint, Openlake,

Roellen, Sharkey, and Tunica soils are all well suited

for rice production. Several thousand acres in Fulton

County are ideally suited to aquaculture, such as

catfish farming, if adequate markets for aquaculture

products are developed.

In addition to the topographical features,

differences in land-use management and suitability

result from differences in soil characteristics such as

fertility, erodibility, organic matter content, available

water holding capacity, drainage, and flooding.

Cropping systems, tillage, and field size are also

important parts of efficient crop production systems

(Wells, 1992). Extending the latest crop production

technology to all of the cropland in the survey area

will help increase production and maintain a

sustainable soil resource base. The information in this

soil survey can facilitate the application of such

technology. The following section describes some

general principles of soil management that can be

applied widely within the survey area.

Managing Cropland

The main management systems needed on

cropland are those that protect or improve soil quality,

help to control erosion, and minimize the water

Figure 13.—Rice is grown on a limited acreage in Fulton County. Many soils on the Mississippi River flood plain are well suited for

rice production.
Fulton County, Kentucky 143

pollution caused by plant nutrients, soil particles, and

agri-chemicals.

The combination of highly erosive silty soils, the

intense rainfall pattern, and sloping landscapes

contribute to water erosion being a major concern on

a significant acreage of Fulton County uplands,

particularly areas having slopes of more than about 2

percent. Unless protected, such areas are especially

susceptible to erosion of the surface layer rich in

humus, organic matter, and plant available nutrients.

Unabated, accelerated erosion affects a number of

physical, chemical, and biological properties resulting

in diminished soil quality. Erosion of the surface layer

can result in decreased water infiltration rates, lower

available water-holding capacity, decreased soil tilth

and workability due to increases in clay content and

bulk density, diminished rooting depths, and

increased erodibility (Bruce and others, 1995; Frye

and others, 1982 and 1983; Hudson, 1994; Mokma

and Sietz, 1992; Nizeyimana and Olson, 1988;

Rhoton and Tyler, 1990).

Erosion is especially harmful to soils that already

have a layer in or below the subsoil that limits the

depth of the root zone, such as the fragipan in

Calloway, Grenada, and Loring soils. Once waterstorage capacity becomes a yield-limiting factor in

these soils, it becomes difficult to maintain

productivity to the extent that row-crop farming is

profitable without irrigation (Rhoton and Tyler, 1990).

Erosion is less harmful, though still a concern, on

soils that have few root-restricting characteristics,

such as Feliciana, Memphis, and Center soils.

Applications of fertilizer help to offset the lower fertility

caused by erosion, but overcoming much of the

damage is difficult or impractical.

In addition to improvements in soil quality,

controlling erosion improves water quality by

minimizing the pollution of streams due to

sedimentation. The quality of water for farm and city

uses, wildlife habitat, and recreational uses is

enhanced when measures are taken to keep soil

erosion in check.

Erosion-control measures generally provide a

protective cover of crop residue or vegetation, control

runoff, and increase the rate of water infiltration. In

Fulton County, erosion is controlled mainly through a

combination of cultural and structural practices.

Some of the more commonly used cultural

practices include conservation tillage, no-till farming,

managing crop residue, crop rotations, contour

Figure 14.—A grassed waterway in an area of Grenada silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, eroded. Where slopes are gentle, establishing

a persistent, perennial sod, such as fescue, along natural drainageways helps to control rill and gully erosion.
144 Soil Survey

farming, and using cover crops. Conservation tillage,

which includes no-till plantings, minimum tillage, strip

tillage, and chisel plowing is very common in the

county. Minimizing tillage and leaving crop residue on

the surface help to absorb the impact of rainfall,

thereby reducing runoff and increasing the rate of

water infiltration and trapping of soil particles. In the

more sloping areas used for producing corn or

soybeans, no-till farming is effective in helping to keep

erosion in check (see fig. 4, page 16). Maintaining

crop residue on the soil surface improves the water

balance within the soil, which is generally the yieldlimiting factor with most upland soils in the county.

Crop rotations that alternate cultivated crops from

year-to-year help to control erosion. This cultural

practice is used quite extensively on the loess

uplands in Fulton County via a corn-wheat-soybean

rotation. This system allows farmers to produce three

crops within a two-year period. In addition to the

erosion control benefits, nitrogen fertilizer efficiency is

improved along with a significant suppression of

soybean cyst nematode populations. Diversified

farms that have livestock requiring pasture and hay

can reap even greater benefits by including forage

crops of grasses and legumes in the cropping rotation

system.

Contour farming and contour stripcropping can be

used on fields that have smooth, uniform slopes.

These practices are most practical and effective on

the Grenada, Calloway, and Loring soils that occur

within General Soil Map Units 9, 10, 11, and 12 in this

publication.

In some areas, structural practices are needed to

effectively control rill and gully erosion. Parallel

terraces with pipe outlets are effective in controlling

erosion by breaking up slope lengths and diverting

surface runoff to safe outlets. They generally can be

farmed more easily than contour terraces.

In less sloping areas, grassed waterways may be

used to control surface runoff and prevent rill and

gully erosion. Small, natural drainageways are the

best sites for grassed waterways (fig. 14). Grassed

Figure 15a.—A cattle panel grade-stabilization structure during a runoff event. This type of structure helps stabilize outlets for natural

drainageways into larger streams and creeks.
Fulton County, Kentucky 145

waterways are efficient and generally quite

economical. Properly installed, they can be easily

crossed by farm machinery. Livestock panels and

rock chutes are sometimes used in conjunction with a

grassed waterway to stabilize outlets that contain a

sudden change in elevation (fig. 15a and fig. 15b).

These measures have a demonstrated need and use

in preventing excessive rill and gully erosion in areas

having a particularly high volume of overland flow.

Information about the design and application of

erosion-control measures for each kind of soil in the

county is available at the local Natural Resources

Conservation Service office.

Excessive wetness resulting from poor internal soil

drainage is a management concern on about 9

percent of the acreage in Fulton County. Soils that

have a seasonal high water table need an adequate

drainage system to reduce wetness during the spring.

Much of this acreage occurs along Bayou de Chien,

Little Bayou de Chien, and the mouth of Mud Creek,

which drain the loess uplands. On the Mississippi

River flood plain, most of the problem areas occur on

depressional, slackwater areas away from the

Mississippi River channel.

The design of both surface and subsurface

drainage systems varies with the kind of soil.

Subsurface drainage systems work well in silty soils,

such as Convent, Falaya, and Waverly soils, that

have a good outlet to a stream or an open ditch.

Conversely, they do not work well in heavy textured

soils, such as Keyespoint, Kurk, Mhoon, Openlake,

Routon, Sharkey, or Tunica soils, in which water

moves slowly through the soil. Surface drains are

generally more effective on these slowly permeable

soils and should be installed at closer intervals. Other

somewhat poorly drained soils, such as Calloway

soils, have a hard, compact fragipan in the subsoil.

The fragipan limits the depth to which tile drains will

function properly; therefore, surface ditches are more

commonly used to improve drainage on most areas of

these soils.

The poorly drained soils in the survey area are the

Figure 15b.—The runoff has subsided on the cattle panel grade-stabilization structure following the runoff event illustrated on the

previous page.
146 Soil Survey

Mhoon, Roellen, Routon, Sharkey, Tunica, and

Waverly soils. Adequate drainage is a major factor in

managing crops and/or pasture on these soils. Areas

that have previously been cleared and are currently

used for agricultural production can maintain the

current drainage system in order to continue row-crop

production or pasture/hayland use. Management of

drainage to conform with regulations influencing

wetlands may require special permits and extra

planning.

Flooding is a potential limiting factor to crop

production on about 33,200 acres in Fulton County.

The largest acreage occurs on portions of the

Mississippi River flood plain not protected by levees,

such as the Upper Bottom and Madrid Bend below

the escarpment. In addition, the lower reaches of

Bayou de Chien, Little Bayou de Chien, Mud Creek,

and Rush Creek all experience frequent flooding.

Flooding occurs mostly late in the winter and

during the spring months (see fig. 8, page 66). The

duration of flooding ranges from several days to

several weeks, and a few areas remain flooded until

early in the summer. Flooding severely reduces the

effective growing season, which in turn, reduces the

variety of crops that can be grown. In many areas, the

selection of crops is limited to soybeans or grain

sorghum. Little can be done to overcome the hazard

of flooding. The frequency and duration of flooding

should be considered before an attempt is made to

cultivate areas that are subject to flooding since some

land cannot be profitably farmed with any crop.

Drainage ditches help to remove excess water from

low areas after the rivers overflow. Before drainage

projects are undertaken regulations concerning

drainage should be checked.

Soil tilth is an important factor on cropland,

primarily because of its influence on seed germination

and the infiltration of water into the soil. Soils that

have good tilth are granular and porous. In the

uplands, most soils used for cultivated crops have a

silt loam surface layer that is low in organic matter

content. Examples are Calloway, Feliciana, Grenada,

Loring, and Memphis soils. Generally, tilling these

soils weakens the soil structure and increases the

degree of compaction and the extent of surface

crusting.

Somewhat poorly drained and poorly drained soils

on the bottomlands draining the loess uplands are

particularly susceptible to excessive compaction

when repeatedly worked under wet conditions. Such

soils as Convent, Falaya, Mhoon, and Waverly soils

are high in silt content and have low soil strength.

Repeated trips across these soils with heavy tillage

equipment when they are too wet destroys soil

structure and increases the degree of compaction and

resulting bulk density, even below the surface layer.

The clayey surface texture of many soils on the

bottomlands along the Mississippi River makes tillage

difficult. These soils are often referred to locally as

”gumbo.” Some particular examples include

Bondurant, Bowdre, Keyespoint, Openlake, Roellen,

Sharkey, and Tunica soils. The clayey surface layer of

these soils results in high draft for tillage implements,

makes preparation of a good seedbed difficult, and

hinders seedling emergence. Extremely hard clods

form if these soils are not plowed at the correct

moisture content. This difficulty in preparing a

seedbed often results in poor stands. In some years

fall plowing to expose the soil to freezing and thawing

and to wetting and drying will improve soil tilth

(fig. 16). However, this practice may not be

economically feasible if the high fuel and equipment

costs involved in plowing this heavy textured soil are

considered.

These clayey soils also tend to form hard,

compacted plow pans beneath the plow layer if they

are worked over long periods with heavy equipment.

These plow pans restrict root growth and water

infiltration. During farming operations, if heavy

equipment is moved across moist soil many times

during the year, the formation of a plow pan tends to

accelerate. These operations should be limited or

consolidated, especially on wet soils, to reduce the

formation of plow pans. Practices that increase

organic matter content, such as spreading and

incorporating crop residue into the soil rather than

burning it, help to prevent the formation of plow pans.

A crop production system geared toward

systematic additions and management of crop

residue, poultry or other animal manures, along with

other organic material, can improve soil structure and

minimize surface crusting. Organic material is also an

important source of nitrogen for crops, and it

increases crop tolerance for certain selective

herbicides. Increasing surface soil organic matter will

improve rainfall infiltration rates and increase the

amount of water available for crops. Such a system is

critical to sustaining yields on eroded soils, such as

those occurring on the loess uplands in Fulton

County. In today’s technologically advanced

agriculture, the ability of the soil to store water for

crop use between significant precipitation events is, in

most cases, the yield-limiting factor.

Supplemental irrigation is used on approximately

2,500 acres in Fulton County (USDA, 1997a), and its

application is increasing on areas of nearly level to

gently sloping cropland. Most irrigation is applied to

the Bondurant, Commerce, Convent, Robinsonville,
Fulton County, Kentucky 147

and Ware soils on the Mississippi River flood plain in

the Lower Bottom (see fig. 12, page 135). Water is

obtained from shallow wells in the underlying alluvial

aquifer. Ground water in the alluvium of the

Mississippi River valley is an abundant resource and

could be economically applied to enhance crop

production via surface irrigation on a significantly

larger acreage than is currently being utilized.

Most of the upland and bottomland soils in the

loess belt respond well to additions of fertilizer and

lime. Applications of nitrogen, phosphorus, and

potassium; ample rainfall; adequate weed control;

and other management practices are needed to

obtain maximum yields. The pH of these soils is

normally strongly acid to neutral. In addition to the

inherent acidity of these soils, applications of nitrogen

fertilizers for corn and wheat production have an

acidifying effect on the upper few inches of the soil

profile. Periodic additions of ground agricultural lime

are needed to maintain a favorable pH environment

for optimum plant growth. A soil pH between 6.4 and

6.8 is best suited for most commonly grown crops in

Fulton County.

Most of the soils on the bottomlands along the

Mississippi River are high in natural fertility and are

moderately acid to mildly alkaline. These soils

generally test moderate to high in phosphate and

potash; therefore, little or no phosphate or potash

needs to be added to most crops. In the Upper

Bottom, much of which receives annual additions of

new sediment due to flooding, the pH ranges from

neutral to slightly alkaline from the surface layer to a

depth of 5 feet or more. Therefore, soils in the Upper

Bottom do not require agricultural lime to neutralize

soil acidity. However, areas in the Lower Bottom and

Madrid Bend where corn and wheat are commonly

grown have soil pH values that rate as low as

moderately acid in the upper surface layers, due in

large part to systematic applications of nitrogen

fertilizers. Periodic soil tests should be made to

Figure 16.—A significant acreage of soils on the Mississippi River flood plain, such as the Keyespoint soil as shown here, contain a

high clay content in the surface layer, which reduces soil tilth and narrows the range of optimal workability.
148 Soil Survey

ensure that fertility and pH are maintained at optimum

levels.

Additions of agricultural lime are most effective

when incorporated into the upper 4 to 6 inches of the

soil. Coarser textured soils, such as Robinsonville

and Ware, need smaller amounts, but more frequent

applications, of lime than do finer textured soils, such

as Bardwell, Bondurant, Center, Commerce,

Grenada, Loring, and Openlake, in order to maintain

adequate pH levels. On all soils within the survey

area, applications of lime and fertilizer should be

based on the results of soil tests, the specific needs of

the crop, and the desired target yield level.

Managing Pasture and Hayland

According to the 1997 National Resources

Inventory, about 5,600 acres in Fulton County is used

for hay and pasture (USDA, 1997b). Approximately 29

percent of the total farm income in the county is

derived from the sale of livestock or livestock

products (Kentucky Agricultural Statistics Service,

2001). A successful livestock enterprise depends on a

forage program that can supply large quantities of

quality homegrown feed. A good forage program can

furnish as much as 78 percent of the feed required for

beef cattle and 66 percent for dairy cattle (Evans and

Lacefield, 1977). Most of the pasture and hayland in

Fulton County support a mixture of grasses and

legumes. Much of the hay is grown in rotation with

pasture.

The soils in the survey area vary widely in their

ability to produce forage because of differences in the

depth to root limiting layers (e.g., fragipan), internal

drainage, available water capacity, and other

properties. Grasses and legumes and grass-legume

combinations vary widely in their ability to persist and

provide forage on different soils.

The nearly level to sloping, very deep, well drained

soils, such as Feliciana and Memphis soils, should be

planted to the highest producing forage species. Such

species include alfalfa or a mixture of alfalfa and

orchardgrass or of alfalfa and timothy. Sod-forming

grasses, such as tall fescue, are needed to minimize

erosion on the steeper soils. Moderately well drained

soils, such as Center and Grenada soils, are best

suited to clover-grass mixtures, or to pure stands of

clover or grasses, depending on the intended need

and/or use.

The forage species selected for planting should be

those that are suited not only to the soil, but also to

the intended use. The forage species should provide

maximum quality and versatility in the forage

program. Legumes generally produce higher quality

feed and are more digestible and nutritious than

grasses alone. Therefore, they should be used to the

maximum extent possible. The taller legumes, such

as alfalfa and red clover, are more versatile but less

persistent than legumes that are used primarily for

grazing, such as white clover. Grasses, such as

orchardgrass and timothy, generally should be grown

for hay and silage.

In Kentucky, tall fescue is an important cool-season

grass that is suited to a wide range of soil conditions.

It is grown for both pasture and hay. The growth that

occurs from August to November should be permitted

to accumulate in the field and “stockpiled” for deferred

grazing during late fall and early winter.

A large percentage of Kentucky’s fescue has an

endophyte that causes lower animal performance in

beef production. Adding legumes, such as red clover

or white clover, to fescue pastures helps to offset the

problems caused by the endophyte by increasing

yields, improving forage quality, reducing production

costs via nitrogen fixation, and alleviating the summer

slump resulting from pure stands of cool-season

grasses. Such improvements in a quality forage

program can be made during periodic pasture

renovations between the late winter and early spring

months. When an area is renovated, the sod is

partially destroyed, lime and fertilizer are applied, and

desirable forage plants are seeded.

Warm-season grasses are a complimentary

addition to many quality western Kentucky forage

programs. These grasses are planted from early April

to mid-June and provide extra forage during the

summer slump period commonly experienced with

such cool-season grasses as tall fescue. They grow

well during warm periods, with the greatest growth

occurring from June to September when the coolseason grasses are at their lowest production levels.

Some of the more common warm-season grasses are

switchgrass, big bluestem, Eastern gamagrass,

Hardie bermudagrass, indiangrass, and Caucasian

bluestem.

Additional information on variety selection,

establishment techniques, or general pasture and

hayland management is available at the local office of

the Cooperative Extension Service or Natural

Resources Conservation Service.

Yields per Acre

The average yields per acre that can be expected

of the principal crops under a high level of

management are shown in table 6. In any given year,

yields may be higher or lower than those indicated in

the table because of variations in rainfall and other
Fulton County, Kentucky 149

climatic factors. The land capability classification of

map units in the survey area also is shown in the

table.

The yields are based mainly on the experience and

records of farmers, conservationists, and extension

agents. Available yield data from nearby counties and

results of field trials and demonstrations also are

considered.

The management needed to obtain the indicated

yields of the various crops depends on the kind of soil

and the crop. Management can include drainage,

erosion control, and protection from flooding; the

proper planting and seeding rates; suitable highyielding crop varieties; appropriate and timely tillage;

control of weeds, plant diseases, and harmful insects;

favorable soil reaction and optimum levels of nitrogen,

phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements for each

crop; effective use of crop residue, barnyard manure,

and green manure crops; and harvesting that ensures

the smallest possible loss.

The estimated yields reflect the productive capacity

of each soil for each of the principal crops. Yields are

likely to increase as new production technology is

developed. The productivity of a given soil compared

with that of other soils, however, is not likely to

change.

Crops other than those shown in the table are

grown in the survey area, but estimated yields are not

listed because the acreage of such crops is small.

The local office of the Natural Resources

Conservation Service or of the Cooperative Extension

Service can provide information about the

management and productivity of the soils for those

crops.

Land Capability Classification

Land capability classification shows, in a general

way, the suitability of soils for most kinds of field

crops. Crops that require special management are

excluded. The soils are grouped according to their

limitations for field crops, the risk of damage if they

are used for crops, and the way they respond to

management. The criteria used in grouping the soils

do not include major and generally expensive

landforming that would change slope, depth, or other

characteristics of the soils, nor do they include

possible but unlikely major reclamation projects.

Capability classification is not a substitute for

interpretations designed to show suitability and

limitations of groups of soils for rangeland, for

forestland, or for engineering purposes.

In the capability system, soils are generally

grouped at three levels—capability class, subclass,

and unit.

Capability classes, the broadest groups, are

designated by the numbers 1 through 8. The numbers

indicate progressively greater limitations and

narrower choices for practical use. The classes are

defined as follows:

Class 1 soils have slight limitations that restrict

their use.

Class 2 soils have moderate limitations that restrict

the choice of plants or that require moderate

conservation practices.

Class 3 soils have severe limitations that restrict

the choice of plants or that require special

conservation practices, or both.

Class 4 soils have very severe limitations that

restrict the choice of plants or that require very careful

management, or both.

Class 5 soils are subject to little or no erosion but

have other limitations, impractical to remove, that

restrict their use mainly to pasture, rangeland,

forestland, or wildlife habitat.

Class 6 soils have severe limitations that make

them generally unsuitable for cultivation and that

restrict their use mainly to pasture, rangeland,

forestland, or wildlife habitat.

Class 7 soils have very severe limitations that

make them unsuitable for cultivation and that restrict

their use mainly to grazing, forestland, or wildlife

habitat.

Class 8 soils and miscellaneous areas have

limitations that preclude commercial plant production

and that restrict their use to recreational purposes,

wildlife habitat, watershed, or esthetic purposes.

Capability subclasses are soil groups within one

class. They are designated by adding a small letter, e,

w, s, or c, to the class numeral, for example, 2e. The

letter e shows that the main hazard is the risk of

erosion unless close-growing plant cover is

maintained; w shows that water in or on the soil

interferes with plant growth or cultivation (in some

soils the wetness can be partly corrected by artificial

drainage); s shows that the soil is limited mainly

because it is shallow, droughty, or stony; and c, used

in only some parts of the United States, shows that

the chief limitation is climate that is very cold or very

dry.

In class 1 there are no subclasses because the

soils of this class have few limitations. Class 5

contains only the subclasses indicated by w, s, or c

because the soils in class 5 are subject to little or no

erosion. They have other limitations that restrict their

use to pasture, rangeland, forestland, wildlife habitat,

or recreation.

The acreage of soils in each capability class or

subclass is shown in table 7. The capability
150 Soil Survey

classification of map units in this survey area is given

in the section “Detailed Soil Map Units” and in the

yields table.

Forest Productivity and Management

Forest land makes up about 27,700 acres, or 20

percent, of the land area in Fulton County (USDA,

1997b). The county is part of the Western Mesophytic

Forest region of Kentucky, a transitional area in which

oaks are dominant. Most of the larger continuous

tracts of woodland occur on the Bayou de Chien flood

plain and lower reaches of Little Bayou de Chien; the

loess bluff along the eastern edge of the Mississippi

River flood plain; Island Number 8; the northern

extension of Reelfoot Lake wildlife management area

near the Tennessee line between Kentucky highways

94 and 311; and between the levee and the

Mississippi River channel in the Lower Bottom. The

areas remaining in woodland in Fulton County are

mostly too steep, too wet, or too inaccessible for

farming to be practical.

Oak-hickory is the major forest type in Fulton

County followed by the elm-ash-red maple forest type

(Alerich, 1990). The characteristic trees on the loess

uplands are southern red oak, white oak, red maple,

sugar maple, yellow-poplar, black oak, and hickory.

Bottomlands draining the loess uplands are

dominated by sweetgum, red maple, cherrybark oak,

green ash, shagbark hickory, American sycamore,

American elm, box elder, and pin oak. Bottomlands of

the Mississippi River flood plain consist of eastern

cottonwood, American elm, American sycamore,

green ash, baldcypress, sweetgum, willow oak, box

elder, sugarberry, and pecan. The wettest areas of the

flood plain are dominated by baldcypress and water

tupelo.

Loblolly pine and shortleaf pine have been planted

on several small tracts containing severely eroded

soils and gullied areas. The trees that occur on such

areas have, in many instances, reached pulpwood

size, and some trees can be used as poles or pilings.

Eastern redcedar and thickets of black locust

dominate some of the older, abandoned fields within

the survey area.

Farmers and individual landowners own the vast

majority of all woodland in Fulton County. A significant

acreage of fertile soils on the Mississippi River flood

plain in the Upper Bottom north of Hickman is

presently owned and being managed for growing

trees by the MeadWestvaco Corporation (see fig. 10,

page 119). These trees will eventually be used as

wood fiber in the paper industry.

In most woodland areas, the soils are well suited to

the production of trees. Trees grow fast and produce

high yields of good quality timber if the woodlands are

properly managed. Good management can improve

tree growth, stocking, and quality of the stands.

Removing low quality trees in fully stocked and

understocked stands, along with regenerating

sawtimber stands after harvest, are good

management practices.

The wood industry in the county consists of two

sawmills that produce rough lumber, crossties,

hardwood construction dimension stock, hardwood

chips, and slabs. Most of the pulpwood and wood

chips produced in Fulton County are shipped to the

MeadWestvaco Corporation in Ballard County for use

in the paper industry.

The tables in this section can help forest owners or

managers plan the use of soils for wood crops. They

show the potential productivity of the soils for wood

crops and rate the soils according to the limitations

that affect various aspects of forest management.

Forest Productivity

In table 8, the potential productivity of

merchantable or common trees on a soil is expressed

as a site index and as a volume number. The site

index is the average height, in feet, that dominant and

codominant trees of a given species attain in a

specified number of years. The site index applies to

fully stocked, even-aged, unmanaged stands.

Commonly grown trees are those that forest

managers generally favor in intermediate or

improvement cuttings. They are selected on the basis

of growth rate, quality, value, and marketability

(Applequist, 1959; Beck, 1962; Broadfoot, 1960,

1963, and 1964; Broadfoot and Krinard, 1959; Coile

and Schumacher, 1953; Kinsley and Powell, 1978;

Nelson and others, 1961; Olson, 1959; Smalley,

1991; USDA, 1976). More detailed information

regarding site index is available in the “National

Forestry Manual,” which is available in local offices of

the Natural Resources Conservation Service or on

the Internet.

The volume of wood fiber, a number, is the yield

likely to be produced by the most important tree

species. This number, expressed as cubic feet per

acre per year and calculated at the age of culmination

of the mean annual increment (CMAI), indicates the

amount of fiber produced in a fully stocked, evenaged, unmanaged stand.

Trees to manage are those that are preferred for

planting, seeding, or natural regeneration and those

that remain in the stand after thinning or partial

harvest.
Fulton County, Kentucky 151

Forest Management

In tables 9a, 9b, 9c, and 9d, interpretive ratings are

given for various aspects of forest management. The

ratings are both verbal and numerical.

Some rating class terms indicate the degree to

which the soils are suited to a specified forest

management practice. Well suited indicates that the

soil has features that are favorable for the specified

practice and has no limitations. Good performance

can be expected, and little or no maintenance is

needed. Moderately suited indicates that the soil has

features that are moderately favorable for the

specified practice. One or more soil properties are

less than desirable, and fair performance can be

expected. Some maintenance is needed. Poorly

suited indicates that the soil has one or more

properties that are unfavorable for the specified

practice. Overcoming the unfavorable properties

requires special design, extra maintenance, and

costly alteration. Unsuited indicates that the expected

performance of the soil is unacceptable for the

specified practice or that extreme measures are

needed to overcome the undesirable soil properties.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity

of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as

decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil

feature has the greatest negative impact on the

specified forest management practice (1.00) and the

point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00).

Rating class terms for fire damage and seedling

mortality are expressed as low, moderate, and high.

Where these terms are used, the numerical ratings

indicate gradations between the point at which the

potential for fire damage or seedling mortality is

highest (1.00) and the point at which the potential is

lowest (0.00).

The paragraphs that follow indicate the soil

properties considered in rating the soils for forest

management practices. More detailed information

about the criteria used in the ratings is available in the

“National Forestry Manual,” which is available in local

offices of the Natural Resources Conservation

Service or on the Internet (http://

nsscnt.nssc.nrcs.usda.gov/nfm/).

For limitations affecting construction of haul roads

and log landings, the ratings are based on slope,

flooding, permafrost, plasticity index, the hazard of

soil slippage, content of sand, the Unified

classification, rock fragments on or below the surface,

depth to a restrictive layer that is indurated, depth to a

water table, and ponding. The limitations are

described as slight, moderate, or severe. A rating of

slight indicates that no significant limitations affect

construction activities, moderate indicates that one or

more limitations can cause some difficulty in

construction, and severe indicates that one or more

limitations can make construction very difficult or very

costly.

The ratings of suitability for log landings are based

on slope, rock fragments on the surface, plasticity

index, content of sand, the Unified classification,

depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, and the

hazard of soil slippage. The soils are described as

well suited, moderately suited, or poorly suited to use

as log landings.

Ratings in the column soil rutting hazard are based

on depth to a water table, rock fragments on or below

the surface, the Unified classification, depth to a

restrictive layer, and slope. Ruts form as a result of

the operation of forest equipment. The hazard is

described as slight, moderate, or severe. A rating of

slight indicates that the soil is subject to little or no

rutting, moderate indicates that rutting is likely, and

severe indicates that ruts form readily.

Ratings in the column hazard of off-road or off-trail

erosion are based on slope and on soil erodibility

factor K. The soil loss is caused by sheet or rill

erosion in off-road or off-trail areas where 50 to 75

percent of the surface has been exposed by logging,

grazing, mining, or other kinds of disturbance. The

hazard is described as slight, moderate, severe, or

very severe. A rating of slight indicates that erosion is

unlikely under ordinary climatic conditions; moderate

indicates that some erosion is likely and that erosioncontrol measures may be needed; severe indicates

that erosion is very likely and that erosion-control

measures, including revegetation of bare areas, are

advised; and very severe indicates that significant

erosion is expected, loss of soil productivity and offsite damage are likely, and erosion-control measures

are costly and generally impractical.

Ratings in the column hazard of erosion on roads

and trails are based on the soil erodibility factor K,

slope, and content of rock fragments. The ratings

apply to unsurfaced roads and trails. The hazard is

described as slight, moderate, or severe. A rating of

slight indicates that little or no erosion is likely;

moderate indicates that some erosion is likely, that

the roads or trails may require occasional

maintenance; and that simple erosion-control

measures are needed; and severe indicates that

significant erosion is expected, that the roads or trails

require frequent maintenance, and that costly

erosion-control measures are needed.

Ratings in the column suitability for roads (natural

surface) are based on slope, rock fragments on the
152 Soil Survey

surface, plasticity index, content of sand, the Unified

classification, depth to a water table, ponding,

flooding, and the hazard of soil slippage. The ratings

indicate the suitability for using the natural surface of

the soil for roads. The soils are described as well

suited, moderately suited, or poorly suited to this use.

Ratings in the columns suitability for hand planting

and suitability for mechanical planting are based on

slope, depth to a restrictive layer, content of sand,

plasticity index, rock fragments on or below the

surface, depth to a water table, and ponding. The

soils are described as well suited, moderately suited,

poorly suited, or unsuited to these methods of

planting. It is assumed that necessary site preparation

is completed before seedlings are planted.

Ratings in the column suitability for use of

harvesting equipment are based on slope, rock

fragments on the surface, plasticity index, content of

sand, the Unified classification, depth to a water table,

and ponding. The soils are described as well suited,

moderately suited, or poorly suited to this use.

Ratings in the column suitability for mechanical site

preparation (surface) are based on slope, depth to a

restrictive layer, plasticity index, rock fragments on or

below the surface, depth to a water table, and

ponding. The soils are described as well suited,

poorly suited, or unsuited to this management activity.

The part of the soil from the surface to a depth of

about 1 foot is considered in the ratings.

Ratings in the column suitability for mechanical site

preparation (deep) are based on slope, depth to a

restrictive layer, rock fragments on or below the

surface, depth to a water table, and ponding. The

soils are described as well suited, poorly suited, or

unsuited to this management activity. The part of the

soil from the surface to a depth of about 3 feet is

considered in the ratings.

Recreation

Hunting and fishing are the more common outdoor

recreational activities in Fulton County. Abundant crop

fields, meadows, and wooded areas provide habitat

for a variety of game. Wooded areas provide good

habitat for deer, squirrel, and wild turkey. Some

landowners lease such areas to individuals in

exchange for the right to hunt upland game, primarily

deer. Crop fields and meadows provide excellent

habitat for quail, mourning dove, rabbit, and deer.

Approximately 37 miles of the Mississippi River

flow along the western periphery of the county,

providing more than 12,000 acres of water for fishing

and recreation. The bottomland areas of the

Mississippi River flyway in Fulton County are popular

for waterfowl hunting in the winter. A little more than

2,000 acres of the Reelfoot National Wildlife Refuge

exists in Fulton County and is home to a variety of

waterfowl and wetland wildlife.

Other outdoor recreational facilities are available,

such as golf courses, picnic and sports areas, and

community parks.

The soils of the survey area are rated in tables 10a

and 10b according to limitations that affect their

suitability for recreation. The ratings are both verbal

and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent

to which the soils are limited by all of the soil features

that affect the recreational uses. Not limited indicates

that the soil has features that are very favorable for

the specified use. Good performance and very low

maintenance can be expected. Somewhat limited

indicates that the soil has features that are

moderately favorable for the specified use. The

limitations can be overcome or minimized by special

planning, design, or installation. Fair performance and

moderate maintenance can be expected. Very limited

indicates that the soil has one or more features that

are unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations

generally cannot be overcome without major soil

reclamation, special design, or expensive installation

procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance

can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity

of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as

decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil

feature has the greatest negative impact on the use

(1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a

limitation (0.00).

The ratings in the tables are based on restrictive

soil features, such as wetness, slope, and texture of

the surface layer. Susceptibility to flooding is

considered. Not considered in the ratings, but

important in evaluating a site, are the location and

accessibility of the area, the size and shape of the

area and its scenic quality, vegetation, access to

water, potential water impoundment sites, and access

to public sewer lines. The capacity of the soil to

absorb septic tank effluent and the ability of the soil to

support vegetation also are important. Soils that are

subject to flooding are limited for recreational uses by

the duration and intensity of flooding and the season

when flooding occurs. In planning recreational

facilities, onsite assessment of the height, duration,

intensity, and frequency of flooding is essential.

The information in the tables can be supplemented

by other information in this survey, for example,

interpretations for building site development,
Fulton County, Kentucky 153

construction materials, sanitary facilities, and water

management.

Camp areas require site preparation, such as

shaping and leveling the tent and parking areas,

stabilizing roads and intensively used areas, and

installing sanitary facilities and utility lines. Camp

areas are subject to heavy foot traffic and some

vehicular traffic. The ratings are based on the soil

properties that affect the ease of developing camp

areas and the performance of the areas after

development. Slope, stoniness, and depth to bedrock

or a cemented pan are the main concerns affecting

the development of camp areas. The soil properties

that affect the performance of the areas after

development are those that influence trafficability and

promote the growth of vegetation, especially in

heavily used areas. For good trafficability, the surface

of camp areas should absorb rainfall readily, remain

firm under heavy foot traffic, and not be dusty when

dry. The soil properties that influence trafficability are

texture of the surface layer, depth to a water table,

ponding, flooding, permeability, and large stones. The

soil properties that affect the growth of plants are

depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, permeability,

and toxic substances in the soil.

Picnic areas are subject to heavy foot traffic. Most

vehicular traffic is confined to access roads and

parking areas. The ratings are based on the soil

properties that affect the ease of developing picnic

areas and that influence trafficability and the growth of

vegetation after development. Slope and stoniness

are the main concerns affecting the development of

picnic areas. For good trafficability, the surface of

picnic areas should absorb rainfall readily, remain firm

under heavy foot traffic, and not be dusty when dry.

The soil properties that influence trafficability are

texture of the surface layer, depth to a water table,

ponding, flooding, permeability, and large stones. The

soil properties that affect the growth of plants are

depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, permeability,

and toxic substances in the soil.

Playgrounds require soils that are nearly level, are

free of stones, and can withstand intensive foot traffic.

The ratings are based on the soil properties that

affect the ease of developing playgrounds and that

influence trafficability and the growth of vegetation

after development. Slope and stoniness are the main

concerns affecting the development of playgrounds.

For good trafficability, the surface of the playgrounds

should absorb rainfall readily, remain firm under

heavy foot traffic, and not be dusty when dry. The soil

properties that influence trafficability are texture of the

surface layer, depth to a water table, ponding,

flooding, permeability, and large stones. The soil

properties that affect the growth of plants are depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan, permeability, and toxic

substances in the soil.

Paths and trails for hiking and horseback riding

should require little or no slope modification through

cutting and filling. The ratings are based on the soil

properties that affect trafficability and erodibility.

These properties are stoniness, depth to a water

table, ponding, flooding, slope, and texture of the

surface layer.

Off-road motorcycle trails require little or no site

preparation. They are not covered with surfacing

material or vegetation. Considerable compaction of

the soil material is likely. The ratings are based on the

soil properties that influence erodibility, trafficability,

dustiness, and the ease of revegetation. These

properties are stoniness, slope, depth to a water

table, ponding, flooding, and texture of the surface

layer.

Golf fairways are subject to heavy foot traffic and

some light vehicular traffic. Cutting or filling may be

required. Irrigation is not considered in the ratings.

The ratings are based on the soil properties that

affect plant growth and trafficability after vegetation is

established. The properties that affect plant growth

are reaction; depth to a water table; ponding; depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan; the available water

capacity in the upper 40 inches; the content of salts,

sodium, or calcium carbonate; and sulfidic materials.

The properties that affect trafficability are flooding,

depth to a water table, ponding, slope, stoniness, and

the amount of sand, clay, or organic matter in the

surface layer. The suitability of the soil for traps, tees,

roughs, and greens is not considered in the ratings.

Wildlife Habitat

J. Mason Howell, state biologist, Natural Resources

Conservation Service, helped prepare this section.

Fulton County is divided approximately in half

between upland areas and alluvial areas associated

with flood plains and stream terraces. Upland areas

include cropland, pastureland, old fields, and

woodland habitats. These habitats, in combination,

result in diverse wildlife fauna including game

animals, such as cottontail rabbits, bobwhite quail,

white-tailed deer, eastern wild turkey, gray squirrel,

fox squirrel, and morning dove. Other species include

red fox, gray fox, coyote, raccoon, opossum, mink,

beaver, skunk, and numerous migratory and

nonmigratory songbirds.

Flood plain and terrace habitats were historically

dominated by bottomland hardwoods. Much of these
154 Soil Survey

forested areas were inundated for different periods

and depths throughout the year. Herbaceous

wetlands and open water sloughs were also integral

components to the flood plain and stream terrace

habitats in the county (fig. 17). Today, these areas are

composed primarily of cropland interspersed with

bottomland hardwood forests. These forested areas

and their associated seasonally to semi-permanently

flooded areas provide crucial habitat for wetland

dependent species. Migratory and nonmigratory

waterfowl, including numerous duck and geese

species, wading birds, and shorebirds, utilize the

shallow water areas, flooded woodland, and flooded

cropland in the county. Besides waterfowl, bottomland

forests within the county host many reptiles and

amphibians, including the rare bird-voiced tree frog

and the broad-banded water snake. Neotropical

migratory songbirds, including the prothonotary

warbler as well as nonmigratory songbirds like the

pileated woodpecker, rely upon the diverse vegetation

and associated insect life of the bottomland forest to

provide cover and food.

Federally listed threatened and endangered

species that preside in the county include the bald

eagle and the interior least tern. While some bald

eagles do nest in the county, most eagles migrate into

Figure 17.—Old sloughs on the Mississippi River flood plain are important components of wetland wildlife and waterfowl habitat.
Fulton County, Kentucky 155

the county during the winter months. The interior least

tern searches out sandbars on islands in the

Mississippi River during the spring and summer

nesting season.

Conservation practices that benefit habitat for

upland wildlife species in general include shrub and

hard mast tree plantings, preservation of den trees,

native and wildlife-friendly introduced grass plantings,

field borders, filter strips, wildlife corridors, wildlife

watering holes, and management practices, such as

strip disking and mowing. Bottomland habitats can be

improved by restoring, creating, or enhancing

wetlands, planting hard mast bottomland hardwoods,

establishing riparian buffers, and constructing shallow

water areas for wildlife.

The above practices should be selected based on

the species of management concern, topography,

landscape position, and soils. Soils as impacted by

topography and landscape position affect the kind

and amount of vegetation that is available as food

and cover for wildlife. Soil type also determines the

types of conservation practices that will be beneficial

to wildlife. Soil interpretations for wildlife provide

beneficial information on the placement and

applicability of certain conservation practices that

improve habitat.

Soils also affect the construction of water

impoundments. The kind and abundance of wildlife

depend largely on the amount and distribution of food,

cover, and water. Wildlife habitat can be created or

improved by planting appropriate vegetation, by

maintaining the existing plant cover, or by promoting

the natural establishment of desirable plants.

In table 11, the soils in Fulton County are rated

according to their potential for providing habitat for

various kinds of wildlife. This information can be used

in planning parks, wildlife refuges, nature study areas,

and other developments for wildlife; in selecting soils

that are suitable for establishing, improving, or

maintaining specific elements of wildlife habitat; and

in determining the intensity of management needed

for each element of the habitat.

The potential of the soil is rated good, fair, poor, or

very poor. A rating of good indicates that the element

or kind of habitat is easily established, improved, or

maintained. Few or no limitations affect management,

and satisfactory results can be expected. A rating of

fair indicates that the element or kind of habitat can

be established, improved, or maintained in most

places. Moderately intensive management is required

for satisfactory results. A rating of poor indicates that

limitations are severe for the designated element or

kind of habitat. Habitat can be created, improved, or

maintained in most places, but management is

difficult and must be intensive. A rating of very poor

indicates that restrictions for the element or kind of

habitat are very severe and that unsatisfactory results

can be expected. Creating, improving, or maintaining

habitat is impractical or impossible.

The elements of wildlife habitat are described in

the following paragraphs.

Grain and seed crops are domestic grains and

seed-producing herbaceous plants. Soil properties

and features that affect the growth of grain and seed

crops are depth of the root zone, texture of the

surface layer, available water capacity, wetness,

slope, surface stoniness, and flooding. Soil

temperature and soil moisture also are

considerations. Examples of grain and seed crops are

corn, wheat, oats, and barley.

Grasses and legumes are domestic perennial

grasses and herbaceous legumes. Soil properties

and features that affect the growth of grasses and

legumes are depth of the root zone, texture of the

surface layer, available water capacity, wetness,

surface stoniness, flooding, and slope. Soil

temperature and soil moisture also are

considerations. Examples of grasses and legumes

are fescue, lovegrass, bromegrass, clover, and

alfalfa.

Wild herbaceous plants are native or naturally

established grasses and forbs, including weeds. Soil

properties and features that affect the growth of these

plants are depth of the root zone, texture of the

surface layer, available water capacity, wetness,

surface stoniness, and flooding. Soil temperature and

soil moisture also are considerations. Examples of

wild herbaceous plants are bluestem, goldenrod,

beggarweed, wheatgrass, and grama.

Hardwood trees and woody understory produce

nuts or other fruit, buds, catkins, twigs, bark, and

foliage. Soil properties and features that affect the

growth of hardwood trees and shrubs are depth of the

root zone, available water capacity, and wetness.

Examples of these plants are oak, poplar, cherry,

sweetgum, apple, hawthorn, dogwood, hickory,

blackberry, and blueberry. Examples of fruit-producing

shrubs that are suitable for planting on soils rated

good are Russian-olive, autumn-olive, and crabapple.

Coniferous plants furnish browse and seeds. Soil

properties and features that affect the growth of

coniferous trees, shrubs, and ground cover are depth

of the root zone, available water capacity, and

wetness. Examples of coniferous plants are pine,

spruce, fir, cedar, and juniper.

Wetland plants are annual and perennial wild

herbaceous plants that grow on moist or wet sites.

Submerged or floating aquatic plants are excluded.
156 Soil Survey

Soil properties and features affecting wetland plants

are texture of the surface layer, wetness, reaction,

salinity, slope, and surface stoniness. Examples of

wetland plants are smartweed, wild millet, wildrice,

saltgrass, cordgrass, rushes, sedges, and reeds.

Shallow water areas have an average depth of less

than 5 feet. Some are naturally wet areas. Others are

created by dams, levees, or other water-control

structures. Soil properties and features affecting

shallow water areas are depth to bedrock, wetness,

surface stoniness, slope, and permeability. Examples

of shallow water areas are marshes, waterfowl

feeding areas, and ponds.

The habitat for various kinds of wildlife is described

in the following paragraphs.

Habitat for openland wildlife consists of cropland,

pasture, meadows, and areas that are overgrown with

grasses, herbs, shrubs, and vines. These areas

produce grain and seed crops, grasses and legumes,

and wild herbaceous plants. Wildlife attracted to these

areas include bobwhite quail, pheasant, meadowlark,

field sparrow, cottontail, and red fox.

Habitat for woodland wildlife consists of areas of

deciduous and/or coniferous plants and associated

grasses, legumes, and wild herbaceous plants.

Wildlife attracted to these areas include wild turkey,

ruffed grouse, woodcock, thrushes, woodpeckers,

squirrels, gray fox, raccoon, deer, and bear.

Habitat for wetland wildlife consists of open,

marshy or swampy shallow water areas. Some of the

wildlife attracted to such areas are ducks, geese,

herons, shore birds, muskrat, mink, and beaver.

Land used for cropland, pastureland, or woodland

also furnishes quality habitat for many wildlife species

when best management practices are applied.

Practices that improve habitat on cropland,

pastureland, and hayland include filter strips, riparian

buffers, field borders, grassed waterways, crop

rotation, crop residue management, strip mowing and

disking, prescribed grazing, and leaving small areas

of unharvested grain next to good cover.

Woodland management practices that are

beneficial to wildlife include selective clearing and

thinning, edge feathering, planting grasses and

legumes on pipeline right-of-ways, firebreaks, open

areas, and protecting den trees and quality mastproducing trees.

Conservation practice selection should be made

based on the habitat needs of the wildlife to be

managed. For detailed information regarding wildlife

habitat management see the Natural Resources

Conservation Service Upland Wildlife Habitat

Management (645) practice standard and the

Wetland Wildlife Habitat Management (644) practice

standard. Trained professionals from the Kentucky

Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources, Kentucky

Agricultural Extension Service, or the Natural

Resources Conservation Service also provide

technical assistance in planning or applying wildlife

management practices.

Engineering

This section provides information for planning land

uses related to urban development and to water

management. Soils are rated for various uses, and

the most limiting features are identified. Ratings are

given for building site development, sanitary facilities,

construction materials, and water management. The

ratings are based on observed performance of the

soils and on the data in the tables described under

the heading “Soil Properties.”

Information in this section is intended for land use

planning, for evaluating land use alternatives, and for

planning site investigations prior to design and

construction. The information, however, has

limitations. For example, estimates and other data

generally apply only to that part of the soil between

the surface and a depth of 5 to 7 feet. Because of the

map scale, small areas of different soils may be

included within the mapped areas of a specific soil.

The information is not site specific and does not

eliminate the need for onsite investigation of the soils

or for testing and analysis by personnel experienced

in the design and construction of engineering works.

Government ordinances and regulations that

restrict certain land uses or impose specific design

criteria were not considered in preparing the

information in this section. Local ordinances and

regulations should be considered in planning, in site

selection, and in design.

Soil properties, site features, and observed

performance were considered in determining the

ratings in this section. During the fieldwork for this soil

survey, determinations were made about particle-size

distribution, liquid limit, plasticity index, soil reaction,

depth to bedrock, hardness of bedrock within 5 to 7

feet of the surface, soil wetness, depth to a water

table, ponding, slope, likelihood of flooding, natural

soil structure aggregation, and soil density. Data were

collected about kinds of clay minerals, mineralogy of

the sand and silt fractions, and the kinds of adsorbed

cations. Estimates were made for erodibility,

permeability, corrosivity, shrink-swell potential,

available water capacity, and other behavioral

characteristics affecting engineering uses.

This information can be used to evaluate the

potential of areas for residential, commercial,
Fulton County, Kentucky 157

industrial, and recreational uses; make preliminary

estimates of construction conditions; evaluate

alternative routes for roads, streets, highways,

pipelines, and underground cables; evaluate

alternative sites for sanitary landfills, septic tank

absorption fields, and sewage lagoons; plan detailed

onsite investigations of soils and geology; locate

potential sources of gravel, sand, earthfill, and topsoil;

plan drainage systems, irrigation systems, ponds,

terraces, and other structures for soil and water

conservation; and predict performance of proposed

small structures and pavements by comparing the

performance of existing similar structures on the

same or similar soils.

The information in the tables, along with the soil

maps, the soil descriptions, and other data provided

in this survey, can be used to make additional

interpretations.

Some of the terms used in this soil survey have a

special meaning in soil science and are defined in the

Glossary.

Building Site Development

Soil properties influence the development of

building sites, including the selection of the site, the

design of the structure, construction, performance

after construction, and maintenance. Tables 12a and

12b show the degree and kind of soil limitations that

affect dwellings with and without basements, small

commercial buildings, local roads and streets, shallow

excavations, and lawns and landscaping.

The ratings in the tables are both verbal and

numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to

which the soils are limited by all of the soil features

that affect building site development. Not limited

indicates that the soil has features that are very

favorable for the specified use. Good performance

and very low maintenance can be expected.

Somewhat limited indicates that the soil has features

that are moderately favorable for the specified use.

The limitations can be overcome or minimized by

special planning, design, or installation. Fair

performance and moderate maintenance can be

expected. Very limited indicates that the soil has one

or more features that are unfavorable for the specified

use. The limitations generally cannot be overcome

without major soil reclamation, special design, or

expensive installation procedures. Poor performance

and high maintenance can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity

of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as

decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil

feature has the greatest negative impact on the use

(1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a

limitation (0.00).

Dwellings are single-family houses of three stories

or less. For dwellings without basements, the

foundation is assumed to consist of spread footings of

reinforced concrete built on undisturbed soil at a

depth of 2 feet or at the depth of maximum frost

penetration, whichever is deeper. For dwellings with

basements, the foundation is assumed to consist of

spread footings of reinforced concrete built on

undisturbed soil at a depth of about 7 feet. The ratings

for dwellings are based on the soil properties that

affect the capacity of the soil to support a load without

movement and on the properties that affect

excavation and construction costs. The properties

that affect the load-supporting capacity include depth

to a water table, ponding, flooding, subsidence, linear

extensibility (shrink-swell potential), and

compressibility. Compressibility is inferred from the

Unified classification. The properties that affect the

ease and amount of excavation include depth to a

water table, ponding, flooding, slope, depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a

cemented pan, and the amount and size of rock

fragments.

Small commercial buildings are structures that are

less than three stories high and do not have

basements. The foundation is assumed to consist of

spread footings of reinforced concrete built on

undisturbed soil at a depth of 2 feet or at the depth of

maximum frost penetration, whichever is deeper. The

ratings are based on the soil properties that affect the

capacity of the soil to support a load without

movement and on the properties that affect

excavation and construction costs. The properties

that affect the load-supporting capacity include depth

to a water table, ponding, flooding, subsidence, linear

extensibility (shrink-swell potential), and

compressibility (which is inferred from the Unified

classification). The properties that affect the ease and

amount of excavation include flooding, depth to a

water table, ponding, slope, depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented

pan, and the amount and size of rock fragments.

Local roads and streets have an all-weather

surface and carry automobile and light truck traffic all

year. They have a subgrade of cut or fill soil material;

a base of gravel, crushed rock, or soil material

stabilized by lime or cement; and a surface of flexible

material (asphalt), rigid material (concrete), or gravel

with a binder. The ratings are based on the soil

properties that affect the ease of excavation and

grading and the traffic-supporting capacity. The

properties that affect the ease of excavation and
158 Soil Survey

grading are depth to bedrock or a cemented pan,

hardness of bedrock or a cemented pan, depth to a

water table, ponding, flooding, the amount of large

stones, and slope. The properties that affect the

traffic-supporting capacity are soil strength (as

inferred from the AASHTO group index number),

subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink-swell

potential), the potential for frost action, depth to a

water table, and ponding.

Shallow excavations are trenches or holes dug to a

maximum depth of 5 or 6 feet for graves, utility lines,

open ditches, or other purposes. The ratings are

based on the soil properties that influence the ease of

digging and the resistance to sloughing. Depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a

cemented pan, the amount of large stones, and

dense layers influence the ease of digging, filling, and

compacting. Depth to the seasonal high water table,

flooding, and ponding may restrict the period when

excavations can be made. Slope influences the ease

of using machinery. Soil texture, depth to the water

table, and linear extensibility (shrink-swell potential)

influence the resistance to sloughing.

Lawns and landscaping require soils on which turf

and ornamental trees and shrubs can be established

and maintained. Irrigation is not considered in the

ratings. The ratings are based on the soil properties

that affect plant growth and trafficability after

vegetation is established. The properties that affect

plant growth are reaction; depth to a water table;

ponding; depth to bedrock or a cemented pan; the

available water capacity in the upper 40 inches; the

content of salts, sodium, or calcium carbonate; and

sulfidic materials. The properties that affect

trafficability are flooding, depth to a water table,

ponding, slope, stoniness, and the amount of sand,

clay, or organic matter in the surface layer.

Sanitary Facilities

Favorable soil properties and site features are

needed for proper functioning of septic tank

absorption fields, sewage lagoons, and sanitary

landfills. Soil physical properties are particularly

important in selecting sites for these facilities.

Identifying the limiting soil properties and site features

are critical to ensuring proper design and installation

of such facilities. Also, those soil properties that affect

ease of excavation or installation of these facilities will

be of interest to contractors and local officials.

Table 13 shows the degree and kind of soil

limitations that affect septic tank absorption fields,

sewage lagoons, sanitary landfills, and daily cover for

landfill. The ratings are both verbal and numerical.

Rating class terms indicate the extent to which the

soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect

these uses. Not limited indicates that the soil has

features that are very favorable for the specified use.

Good performance and very low maintenance can be

expected. Somewhat limited indicates that the soil

has features that are moderately favorable for the

specified use. The limitations can be overcome or

minimized by special planning, design, or installation.

Fair performance and moderate maintenance can be

expected. Very limited indicates that the soil has one

or more features that are unfavorable for the specified

use. The limitations generally cannot be overcome

without major soil reclamation, special design, or

expensive installation procedures. Poor performance

and high maintenance can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the table indicate the severity

of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as

decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil

feature has the greatest negative impact on the use

(1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a

limitation (0.00).

Septic tank absorption fields are areas in which

effluent from a septic tank is distributed into the soil

through subsurface tiles or perforated pipe. Only that

part of the soil between depths of 24 and 60 inches is

evaluated. The ratings are based on the soil

properties that affect absorption of the effluent,

construction and maintenance of the system, and

public health. Permeability, depth to a water table,

ponding, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, and

flooding affect absorption of the effluent. Stones and

boulders, ice, and bedrock or a cemented pan

interfere with installation. Subsidence interferes with

installation and maintenance. Excessive slope may

cause lateral seepage and surfacing of the effluent in

downslope areas.

Some soils are underlain by loose sand and gravel

or fractured bedrock at a depth of less than 4 feet

below the distribution lines. In these soils the

absorption field may not adequately filter the effluent,

particularly when the system is new. As a result, the

ground water may become contaminated.

Sewage lagoons are shallow ponds constructed to

hold sewage while aerobic bacteria decompose the

solid and liquid wastes. Lagoons should have a nearly

level floor surrounded by cut slopes or embankments

of compacted soil. Nearly impervious soil material for

the lagoon floor and sides is required to minimize

seepage and contamination of ground water.

Considered in the ratings are slope, permeability,

depth to a water table, ponding, depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, flooding, large stones, and content of

organic matter.
Fulton County, Kentucky 159

Soil permeability is a critical property affecting the

suitability for sewage lagoons. Most porous soils

eventually become sealed when they are used as

sites for sewage lagoons. Until sealing occurs,

however, the hazard of pollution is severe. Soils that

have a permeability rate of more than 2 inches per

hour are too porous for the proper functioning of

sewage lagoons. In these soils, seepage of the

effluent can result in contamination of the ground

water. Ground-water contamination is also a hazard if

fractured bedrock is within a depth of 40 inches, if the

water table is high enough to raise the level of

sewage in the lagoon, or if floodwater overtops the

lagoon.

A high content of organic matter is detrimental to

proper functioning of the lagoon because it inhibits

aerobic activity. Slope, bedrock, and cemented pans

can cause construction problems, and large stones

can hinder compaction of the lagoon floor. If the

lagoon is to be uniformly deep throughout, the slope

must be gentle enough and the soil material must be

thick enough over bedrock or a cemented pan to

make land smoothing practical.

A trench sanitary landfill is an area where solid

waste is placed in successive layers in an excavated

trench. The waste is spread, compacted, and covered

daily with a thin layer of soil excavated at the site.

When the trench is full, a final cover of soil material at

least 2 feet thick is placed over the landfill. The

ratings in the table are based on the soil properties

that affect the risk of pollution, the ease of excavation,

trafficability, and revegetation. These properties

include permeability, depth to bedrock or a cemented

pan, depth to a water table, ponding, slope, flooding,

texture, stones and boulders, highly organic layers,

soil reaction, and content of salts and sodium. Unless

otherwise stated, the ratings apply only to that part of

the soil within a depth of about 6 feet. For deeper

trenches, onsite investigation may be needed.

Hard, nonrippable bedrock, creviced bedrock, or

highly permeable strata in or directly below the

proposed trench bottom can affect the ease of

excavation and the hazard of ground-water pollution.

Slope affects construction of the trenches and the

movement of surface water around the landfill. It also

affects the construction and performance of roads in

areas of the landfill.

Soil texture and consistence affect the ease with

which the trench is dug and the ease with which the

soil can be used as daily or final cover. They

determine the workability of the soil when dry and

when wet. Soils that are plastic and sticky when wet

are difficult to excavate, grade, or compact and are

difficult to place as a uniformly thick cover over a layer

of refuse.

The soil material used as the final cover for a

trench landfill should be suitable for plants. It should

not have excess sodium or salts and should not be

too acid. The surface layer generally has the best

workability, the highest content of organic matter, and

the best potential for plants. Material from the surface

layer should be stockpiled for use as the final cover.

In an area sanitary landfill, solid waste is placed in

successive layers on the surface of the soil. The

waste is spread, compacted, and covered daily with a

thin layer of soil from a source away from the site. A

final cover of soil material at least 2 feet thick is

placed over the completed landfill. The ratings in the

table are based on the soil properties that affect

trafficability and the risk of pollution. These properties

include flooding, permeability, depth to a water table,

ponding, slope, and depth to bedrock or a cemented

pan.

Flooding is a serious problem because it can result

in pollution in areas downstream from the landfill. If

permeability is too rapid or if fractured bedrock, a

fractured cemented pan, or the water table is close to

the surface, the leachate can contaminate the water

supply. Slope is a consideration because of the extra

grading required to maintain roads in the steeper

areas of the landfill. Also, leachate may flow along the

surface of the soils in the steeper areas and cause

difficult seepage problems.

Daily cover for landfill is the soil material that is

used to cover compacted solid waste in an area

sanitary landfill. The soil material is obtained offsite,

transported to the landfill, and spread over the waste.

The ratings in the table also apply to the final cover

for a landfill. They are based on the soil properties

that affect workability, the ease of digging, and the

ease of moving and spreading the material over the

refuse daily during wet and dry periods. These

properties include soil texture, depth to a water table,

ponding, rock fragments, slope, depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, reaction, and content of salts, sodium,

or lime.

Loamy or silty soils that are free of large stones

and excess gravel are the best cover for a landfill.

Clayey soils may be sticky and difficult to spread;

sandy soils are subject to wind erosion.

Slope affects the ease of excavation and of moving

the cover material. Also, it can influence runoff,

erosion, and reclamation of the borrow area.

After soil material has been removed, the soil

material remaining in the borrow area must be thick

enough over bedrock, a cemented pan, or the water
160 Soil Survey

table to permit revegetation. The soil material used as

the final cover for a landfill should be suitable for

plants. It should not have excess sodium, salts, or

lime and should not be too acid.

Construction Materials

Table 14 gives information about the soils as

potential sources of gravel, sand, topsoil, reclamation

material, and roadfill. Normal compaction, minor

processing, and other standard construction practices

are assumed.

Sand and gravel are natural aggregates suitable

for commercial use with a minimum of processing.

They are used in many kinds of construction.

Specifications for each use vary widely. In the table,

only the likelihood of finding material in suitable

quantity is evaluated. The suitability of the material for

specific purposes is not evaluated, nor are factors

that affect excavation of the material. The properties

used to evaluate the soil as a source of sand or

gravel are gradation of grain sizes (as indicated by

the Unified classification of the soil), the thickness of

suitable material, and the content of rock fragments. If

the bottom layer of the soil contains sand or gravel,

the soil is considered a likely source regardless of

thickness. The assumption is that the sand or gravel

layer below the depth of observation exceeds the

minimum thickness.

The soils are rated good, fair, or poor as potential

sources of sand and gravel. A rating of good or fair

means that the source material is likely to be in or

below the soil. The bottom layer and the thickest layer

of the soils are assigned numerical ratings. These

ratings indicate the likelihood that the layer is a

source of sand or gravel. The number 0.00 indicates

that the layer is a poor source. The number 1.00

indicates that the layer is a good source. A number

between 0.00 and 1.00 indicates the degree to which

the layer is a likely source.

The soils are rated good, fair, or poor as potential

sources of topsoil, reclamation material, and roadfill.

The features that limit the soils as sources of these

materials are specified in the table. The numerical

ratings given after the specified features indicate the

degree to which the features limit the soils as sources

of topsoil, reclamation material, or roadfill. The lower

the number, the greater the limitation.

Topsoil is used to cover an area so that vegetation

can be established and maintained. The upper 40

inches of a soil is evaluated for use as topsoil. Also

evaluated is the reclamation potential of the borrow

area. The ratings are based on the soil properties that

affect plant growth; the ease of excavating, loading,

and spreading the material; and reclamation of the

borrow area. Toxic substances, soil reaction, and the

properties that are inferred from soil texture, such as

available water capacity and fertility, affect plant

growth. The ease of excavating, loading, and

spreading is affected by rock fragments, slope, depth

to a water table, soil texture, and thickness of suitable

material. Reclamation of the borrow area is affected

by slope, depth to a water table, rock fragments,

depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, and toxic

material.

The surface layer of most soils is generally

preferred for topsoil because of its organic matter

content. Organic matter greatly increases the

absorption and retention of moisture and nutrients for

plant growth.

Reclamation material is used in areas that have

been drastically disturbed by surface mining or similar

activities. When these areas are reclaimed, layers of

soil material or unconsolidated geological material, or

both, are replaced in a vertical sequence. The

reconstructed soil favors plant growth. The ratings in

the table do not apply to quarries and other mined

areas that require an offsite source of reconstruction

material. The ratings are based on the soil properties

that affect erosion and stability of the surface and the

productive potential of the reconstructed soil. These

properties include the content of sodium, salts, and

calcium carbonate; reaction; available water capacity;

erodibility; texture; content of rock fragments; and

content of organic matter and other features that

affect fertility.

Roadfill is soil material that is excavated in one

place and used in road embankments in another

place. In this table, the soils are rated as a source of

roadfill for low embankments, generally less than 6

feet high and less exacting in design than higher

embankments.

The ratings are for the whole soil, from the surface

to a depth of about 5 feet. It is assumed that soil

layers will be mixed when the soil material is

excavated and spread.

The ratings are based on the amount of suitable

material and on soil properties that affect the ease of

excavation and the performance of the material after it

is in place. The thickness of the suitable material is a

major consideration. The ease of excavation is

affected by large stones, depth to a water table, and

slope. How well the soil performs in place after it has

been compacted and drained is determined by its

strength (as inferred from the AASHTO classification

of the soil) and linear extensibility (shrink-swell

potential).
Fulton County, Kentucky 161

Water Management

Table 15 gives information on the soil properties

and site features that affect water management. The

degree and kind of soil limitations are given for pond

reservoir areas; embankments, dikes, and levees;

and aquifer-fed excavated ponds. The ratings are

both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms

indicate the extent to which the soils are limited by all

of the soil features that affect these uses. Not limited

indicates that the soil has features that are very

favorable for the specified use. Good performance

and very low maintenance can be expected.

Somewhat limited indicates that the soil has features

that are moderately favorable for the specified use.

The limitations can be overcome or minimized by

special planning, design, or installation. Fair

performance and moderate maintenance can be

expected. Very limited indicates that the soil has one

or more features that are unfavorable for the specified

use. The limitations generally cannot be overcome

without major soil reclamation, special design, or

expensive installation procedures. Poor performance

and high maintenance can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the table indicate the severity

of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as

decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil

feature has the greatest negative impact on the use

(1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a

limitation (0.00).

Pond reservoir areas hold water behind a dam or

embankment. Soils best suited to this use have low

seepage potential in the upper 60 inches. The

seepage potential is determined by the permeability

of the soil and the depth to fractured bedrock or other

permeable material. Excessive slope can affect the

storage capacity of the reservoir area.

Embankments, dikes, and levees are raised

structures of soil material, generally less than 20 feet

high, constructed to impound water or to protect land

against overflow. Embankments that have zoned

construction (core and shell) are not considered. In

this table, the soils are rated as a source of material

for embankment fill. The ratings apply to the soil

material below the surface layer to a depth of about 5

feet. It is assumed that soil layers will be uniformly

mixed and compacted during construction.

The ratings do not indicate the ability of the natural

soil to support an embankment. Soil properties to a

depth even greater than the height of the

embankment can affect performance and safety of

the embankment. Generally, deeper onsite

investigation is needed to determine these properties.

Soil material in embankments must be resistant to

seepage, piping, and erosion and have favorable

compaction characteristics. Unfavorable features

include less than 5 feet of suitable material and a high

content of stones or boulders, organic matter, or salts

or sodium. A high water table affects the amount of

usable material. It also affects trafficability.

Aquifer-fed excavated ponds are pits or dugouts

that extend to a ground-water aquifer or to a depth

below a permanent water table. Excluded are ponds

that are fed only by surface runoff and embankment

ponds that impound water 3 feet or more above the

original surface. Excavated ponds are affected by

depth to a permanent water table, permeability of the

aquifer, and quality of the water as inferred from the

salinity of the soil. Depth to bedrock and the content

of large stones affect the ease of excavation.

163

Data relating to soil properties are collected during

the course of the soil survey.

Soil properties are ascertained by field examination

of the soils and by laboratory index testing of some

benchmark soils. Established standard procedures

are followed. During the survey, many shallow borings

are made and examined to identify and classify the

soils and to delineate them on the soil maps. Samples

are taken from some typical profiles and tested in the

laboratory to determine particle-size distribution,

plasticity, and compaction characteristics.

Estimates of soil properties are based on field

examinations, on laboratory tests of samples from the

survey area, and on laboratory tests of samples of

similar soils in nearby areas. Tests verify field

observations, verify properties that cannot be

estimated accurately by field observation, and help to

characterize key soils.

The estimates of soil properties are shown in

tables. They include engineering index properties,

physical and chemical properties, and pertinent soil

and water features.

Engineering Index Properties

Table 16 gives the engineering classifications and

the range of index properties for the layers of each

soil in the survey area.

Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each

layer is indicated.

Texture is given in the standard terms used by the

U.S. Department of Agriculture. These terms are

defined according to percentages of sand, silt, and

clay in the fraction of the soil that is less than 2

millimeters in diameter. “Loam,” for example, is soil

that is 7 to 27 percent clay, 28 to 50 percent silt, and

less than 52 percent sand. If the content of particles

coarser than sand is 15 percent or more, an

appropriate modifier is added, for example, “gravelly.”

Textural terms are defined in the Glossary.

Classification of the soils is determined according

to the Unified soil classification system (ASTM, 2001)

and the system adopted by the American Association

of State Highway and Transportation Officials

(AASHTO, 2000).

The Unified system classifies soils according to

properties that affect their use as construction

material. Soils are classified according to particle-size

distribution of the fraction less than 3 inches in

diameter and according to plasticity index, liquid limit,

and organic matter content. Sandy and gravelly soils

are identified as GW, GP, GM, GC, SW, SP, SM, and

SC; silty and clayey soils as ML, CL, OL, MH, CH,

and OH; and highly organic soils as PT. Soils

exhibiting engineering properties of two groups can

have a dual classification, for example, CL-ML.

The AASHTO system classifies soils according to

those properties that affect roadway construction and

maintenance. In this system, the fraction of a mineral

soil that is less than 3 inches in diameter is classified

in one of seven groups from A-1 through A-7 on the

basis of particle-size distribution, liquid limit, and

plasticity index. Soils in group A-1 are coarse grained

and low in content of fines (silt and clay). At the other

extreme, soils in group A-7 are fine grained. Highly

organic soils are classified in group A-8 on the basis

of visual inspection.

If laboratory data are available, the A-1, A-2, and

A-7 groups are further classified as A-1-a, A-1-b,

A-2-4, A-2-5, A-2-6, A-2-7, A-7-5, or A-7-6. As an

additional refinement, the suitability of a soil as

subgrade material can be indicated by a group index

number. Group index numbers range from 0 for the

best subgrade material to 20 or higher for the poorest.

Percentage (of soil particles) passing designated

sieves is the percentage of the soil fraction less than

3 inches in diameter based on an ovendry weight.

The sieves, numbers 4, 10, 40, and 200 (USA

Standard Series), have openings of 4.76, 2.00, 0.420,

and 0.074 millimeters, respectively. Estimates are

based on laboratory tests of soils sampled in the

survey area and in nearby areas and on estimates

made in the field.

Liquid limit and plasticity index (Atterberg limits)

indicate the plasticity characteristics of a soil. The

estimates are based on test data from the survey

area or from nearby areas and on field examination.

The estimates of particle-size distribution, liquid

limit, and plasticity index are generally rounded to the

nearest 5 percent. Thus, if the ranges of gradation

Soil Properties
164 Soil Survey

and Atterberg limits extend a marginal amount (1 or 2

percentage points) across classification boundaries,

the classification in the marginal zone is generally

omitted in the table.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Table 17 shows estimates of some physical and

chemical characteristics and features that affect soil

behavior. These estimates are given for the layers of

each soil in the survey area. The estimates are based

on field observations and on test data for these and

similar soils.

Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each

layer is indicated.

Particle size is the effective diameter of a soil

particle as measured by sedimentation, sieving, or

micrometric methods. Particle sizes are expressed as

classes with specific effective diameter class limits.

The broad classes are sand, silt, and clay, ranging

from the larger to the smaller.

Clay as a soil separate consists of mineral soil

particles that are less than 0.002 millimeter in

diameter. In the table, the estimated clay content of

each soil layer is given as a percentage, by weight, of

the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in

diameter.

The amount and kind of clay affect the fertility and

physical condition of the soil and the ability of the soil

to adsorb cations and to retain moisture. They

influence shrink-swell potential, permeability,

plasticity, the ease of soil dispersion, and other soil

properties. The amount and kind of clay in a soil also

affect tillage and earthmoving operations.

Moist bulk density is the weight of soil (ovendry)

per unit volume. Volume is measured when the soil is

at field moisture capacity, that is, the moisture content

at 1

/3- or 1/10-bar (33kPa or 10kPa) moisture tension.

Weight is determined after the soil is dried at 105

degrees C. In the table, the estimated moist bulk

density of each soil horizon is expressed in grams per

cubic centimeter of soil material that is less than 2

millimeters in diameter. Bulk density data are used to

compute shrink-swell potential, available water

capacity, total pore space, and other soil properties.

The moist bulk density of a soil indicates the pore

space available for water and roots. Depending on

soil texture, a bulk density of more than 1.4 can

restrict water storage and root penetration. Moist bulk

density is influenced by texture, kind of clay, content

of organic matter, and soil structure.

Permeability (Ksat ) refers to the ability of a soil to

transmit water or air. The term “permeability,” as used

in soil surveys, indicates saturated hydraulic

conductivity (Ksat ). The estimates in the table indicate

the rate of water movement, in inches per hour, when

the soil is saturated. They are based on soil

characteristics observed in the field, particularly

structure, porosity, and texture. Permeability is

considered in the design of soil drainage systems and

septic tank absorption fields.

Available water capacity refers to the quantity of

water that the soil is capable of storing for use by

plants. The capacity for water storage is given in

inches of water per inch of soil for each soil layer. The

capacity varies, depending on soil properties that

affect retention of water. The most important

properties are the content of organic matter, soil

texture, bulk density, and soil structure. Available

water capacity is an important factor in the choice of

plants or crops to be grown and in the design and

management of irrigation systems. Available water

capacity is not an estimate of the quantity of water

actually available to plants at any given time.

Soil reaction is a measure of acidity or alkalinity

and is expressed as a range in pH values. The range

in pH of each major horizon is based on many field

tests. For many soils, values have been verified by

laboratory analyses. Soil reaction is important in

selecting crops and other plants, in evaluating soil

amendments for fertility and stabilization, and in

determining the risk of corrosion.

Linear extensibility refers to the change in length of

an unconfined clod as moisture content is decreased

from a moist to a dry state. It is an expression of the

volume change between the water content of the clod

at 1

/3- or 1/10-bar tension (33kPa or 10kPa tension) and

oven dryness. The volume change is reported in the

table as percent change for the whole soil. Volume

change is influenced by the amount and type of clay

minerals in the soil.

Linear extensibility is used to determine the shrinkswell potential of soils. The shrink-swell potential is

low if the soil has a linear extensibility of less than 3

percent; moderate if 3 to 6 percent; high if 6 to 9

percent; and very high if more than 9 percent. If the

linear extensibility is more than 3, shrinking and

swelling can cause damage to buildings, roads, and

other structures and to plant roots. Special design

commonly is needed.

Organic matter is the plant and animal residue in

the soil at various stages of decomposition. In the

table, the estimated content of organic matter is

expressed as a percentage, by weight, of the soil

material that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter.

The content of organic matter in a soil can be

maintained by returning crop residue to the soil.

Organic matter has a positive effect on available
Fulton County, Kentucky 165

water capacity, water infiltration, soil organism activity,

and tilth. It is a source of nitrogen and other nutrients

for crops and soil organisms.

Erosion factors are shown in the table as the K

factor (Kw and Kf) and the T factor. Erosion factor K

indicates the susceptibility of a soil to sheet and rill

erosion by water. Factor K is one of several factors

used in the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and

the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to

predict the average annual rate of soil loss by sheet

and rill erosion in tons per acre per year. The

estimates are based primarily on percentage of silt,

sand, and organic matter and on soil structure and

permeability. Values of K range from 0.02 to 0.69.

Other factors being equal, the higher the value, the

more susceptible the soil is to sheet and rill erosion

by water.

Erosion factor Kw indicates the erodibility of the

whole soil. The estimates are modified by the

presence of rock fragments.

Erosion factor Kf indicates the erodibility of the

fine-earth fraction, or the material less than 2

millimeters in size.

Erosion factor T is an estimate of the maximum

average annual rate of soil erosion by wind or water

that can occur without affecting crop productivity over

a sustained period. The rate is in tons per acre per

year.

Water Features

Table 18 gives estimates of various water features.

The estimates are used in land use planning that

involves engineering considerations.

Hydrologic soil groups are based on estimates of

runoff potential. Soils are assigned to one of four

groups according to the rate of water infiltration when

the soils are not protected by vegetation, are

thoroughly wet, and receive precipitation from longduration storms.

The four hydrologic soil groups are:

Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low

runoff potential) when thoroughly wet. These consist

mainly of deep, well drained to excessively drained

sands or gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate

of water transmission.

Group B. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate

when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of

moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or

well drained soils that have moderately fine texture to

moderately coarse texture. These soils have a

moderate rate of water transmission.

Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate

when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of soils

having a layer that impedes the downward movement

of water or soils of moderately fine texture or fine

texture. These soils have a slow rate of water

transmission.

Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate

(high runoff potential) when thoroughly wet. These

consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell

potential, soils that have a high water table, soils that

have a claypan or clay layer at or near the surface,

and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious

material. These soils have a very slow rate of water

transmission.

If a soil is assigned to a dual hydrologic group (A/

D, B/D, or C/D), the first letter is for drained areas and

the second is for undrained areas.

The months in the table indicate the portion of the

year in which the feature is most likely to be a

concern.

Water table refers to a saturated zone in the soil.

The table indicates, by month, depth to the top (upper

limit) and base (lower limit) of the saturated zone in

most years. Estimates of the upper and lower limits

are based mainly on observations of the water table

at selected sites and on evidence of a saturated zone,

namely grayish colors or mottles (redoximorphic

features) in the soil. A saturated zone that lasts for

less than a month is not considered a water table.

Ponding is standing water in a closed depression.

Unless a drainage system is installed, the water is

removed only by percolation, transpiration, or

evaporation. Table 18 indicates surface water depth

and the duration and frequency of ponding. Duration

is expressed as very brief if less than 2 days, brief if 2

to 7 days, long if 7 to 30 days, and very long if more

than 30 days. Frequency is expressed as none, rare,

occasional, and frequent. None means that ponding is

not probable; rare that it is unlikely but possible under

unusual weather conditions (the chance of ponding is

nearly 0 percent to 5 percent in any year); occasional

that it occurs, on the average, once or less in 2 years

(the chance of ponding is 5 to 50 percent in any year);

and frequent that it occurs, on the average, more than

once in 2 years (the chance of ponding is more than

50 percent in any year).

Flooding is the temporary inundation of an area

caused by overflowing streams, by runoff from

adjacent slopes, or by tides. Water standing for short

periods after rainfall or snowmelt is not considered

flooding, and water standing in swamps and marshes

is considered ponding rather than flooding.

Duration and frequency are estimated. Duration is

expressed as extremely brief if 0.1 hour to 4 hours,

very brief if 4 hours to 2 days, brief if 2 to 7 days, long

if 7 to 30 days, and very long if more than 30 days.
166 Soil Survey

Frequency is expressed as none, very rare, rare,

occasional, frequent, and very frequent. None means

that flooding is not probable; very rare that it is very

unlikely but possible under extremely unusual

weather conditions (the chance of flooding is less

than 1 percent in any year); rare that it is unlikely but

possible under unusual weather conditions (the

chance of flooding is 1 to 5 percent in any year);

occasional that it occurs infrequently under normal

weather conditions (the chance of flooding is 5 to 50

percent in any year); frequent that it is likely to occur

often under normal weather conditions (the chance of

flooding is more than 50 percent in any year but is

less than 50 percent in all months in any year); and

very frequent that it is likely to occur very often under

normal weather conditions (the chance of flooding is

more than 50 percent in all months of any year).

The information is based on evidence in the soil

profile, namely thin strata of gravel, sand, silt, or clay

deposited by floodwater; irregular decrease in organic

matter content with increasing depth; and little or no

horizon development.

Also considered are local information about the

extent and levels of flooding and the relation of each

soil on the landscape to historic floods. Information on

the extent of flooding based on soil data is less

specific than that provided by detailed engineering

surveys that delineate flood-prone areas at specific

flood frequency levels.

Soil Features

Table 19 gives estimates of various soil features.

The estimates are used in land use planning that

involves engineering considerations.

A restrictive layer is a nearly continuous layer that

has one or more physical, chemical, or thermal

properties that significantly impede the movement of

water and air through the soil or that restrict roots or

otherwise provide an unfavorable root environment.

Examples are bedrock, cemented layers, dense

layers, and frozen layers. The table indicates the

hardness and thickness of the restrictive layer, both of

which significantly affect the ease of excavation.

Depth to top is the vertical distance from the soil

surface to the upper boundary of the restrictive layer.

Subsidence is the settlement of organic soils or of

saturated mineral soils of very low density.

Subsidence generally results from either desiccation

and shrinkage or oxidation of organic material, or

both, following drainage. Subsidence takes place

gradually, usually over a period of several years. The

table shows the expected initial subsidence, which

usually is a result of drainage, and total subsidence,

which results from a combination of factors.

Potential for frost action is the likelihood of upward

or lateral expansion of the soil caused by the

formation of segregated ice lenses (frost heave) and

the subsequent collapse of the soil and loss of

strength on thawing. Frost action occurs when

moisture moves into the freezing zone of the soil.

Temperature, texture, density, permeability, content of

organic matter, and depth to the water table are the

most important factors considered in evaluating the

potential for frost action. It is assumed that the soil is

not insulated by vegetation or snow and is not

artificially drained. Silty and highly structured, clayey

soils that have a high water table in winter are the

most susceptible to frost action. Well drained, very

gravelly, or very sandy soils are the least susceptible.

Frost heave and low soil strength during thawing

cause damage to pavements and other rigid

structures.

Risk of corrosion pertains to potential soil-induced

electrochemical or chemical action that corrodes or

weakens uncoated steel or concrete. The rate of

corrosion of uncoated steel is related to such factors

as soil moisture, particle-size distribution, acidity, and

electrical conductivity of the soil. The rate of corrosion

of concrete is based mainly on the sulfate and sodium

content, texture, moisture content, and acidity of the

soil. Special site examination and design may be

needed if the combination of factors results in a

severe hazard of corrosion. The steel or concrete in

installations that intersect soil boundaries or soil

layers is more susceptible to corrosion than the steel

or concrete in installations that are entirely within one

kind of soil or within one soil layer.

For uncoated steel, the risk of corrosion,

expressed as low, moderate, or high, is based on soil

drainage class, total acidity, electrical resistivity near

field capacity, and electrical conductivity of the

saturation extract.

For concrete, the risk of corrosion also is

expressed as low, moderate, or high. It is based on

soil texture, acidity, and amount of sulfates in the

saturation extract.

Physical and Chemical Analyses of

Selected Soils

The results of physical analysis of several typical

pedons in the survey area are given in table 20 and

the results of chemical analysis in table 21. The data

are for soils sampled at carefully selected sites.

Unless otherwise indicated, the pedons are typical of
Fulton County, Kentucky 167

the series. They are described in the section “Soil

Series and Their Morphology.” Soil samples were

analyzed by Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station,

Lexington, Kentucky.

Most determinations, except those for grain-size

analysis and bulk density, were made on soil material

smaller than 2 millimeters in diameter. Measurements

reported as percent or quantity of unit weight were

calculated on an ovendry basis. The methods used in

obtaining the data are indicated in the list that follows.

The codes in parentheses refer to published methods

(USDA, 1996).

Coarse materials—(2-75 mm fraction) weight

estimates of the percentages of all material less

than 75 mm (3B1).

Sand—(0.05-2.0 mm fraction) weight percentages of

material less than 2 mm (3A1).

Silt—(0.002-0.05 mm fraction) pipette extraction,

weight percentages of all material less than 2 mm

(3A1).

Clay—(fraction less than 0.002 mm) pipette

extraction, weight percentages of material less

than 2 mm (3A1).

Organic carbon—wet combustion. Walkley-Black

modified acid-dichromate, ferric sulfate titration

(6A1c).

Extractable cations—ammonium acetate pH 7.0,

EDTA-alcohol separation; calcium (6N2a),

magnesium (6O2a); flame photometry; sodium

(6P2a), potassium (6Q2a).

Extractable acidity—barium chloride-triethanolamine

IV (6H5a).

Cation-exchange capacity—ammonium acetate, pH

7.0, steam distillation (5A8b).

Cation-exchange capacity—sum of cations (5A3a).

Base saturation—ammonium acetate, pH 7.0 (5C1).

Base saturation—sum of cations, TEA, pH 8.2 (5C3).

Reaction (pH)—1:1 water dilution (8C1f).

 Available phosphorus—Bray P-1 (6S3).

169

The system of soil classification used by the

National Cooperative Soil Survey has six categories

(Soil Survey Staff, 1998 and 1999). Beginning with the

broadest, these categories are the order, suborder,

great group, subgroup, family, and series.

Classification is based on soil properties observed in

the field or inferred from those observations or from

laboratory measurements. Table 22 shows the

classification of the soils in the survey area. The

categories are defined in the following paragraphs.

ORDER. Twelve soil orders are recognized. The

differences among orders reflect the dominant soilforming processes and the degree of soil formation.

Each order is identified by a word ending in sol. An

example is Alfisol.

SUBORDER. Each order is divided into

suborders primarily on the basis of properties that

influence soil genesis and are important to plant

growth or properties that reflect the most important

variables within the orders. The last syllable in the

name of a suborder indicates the order. An example is

Udalf (Ud, meaning humid, plus alf, from Alfisol).

GREAT GROUP. Each suborder is divided into

great groups on the basis of close similarities in kind,

arrangement, and degree of development of

pedogenic horizons; soil moisture and temperature

regimes; type of saturation; and base status. Each

great group is identified by the name of a suborder

and by a prefix that indicates a property of the soil. An

example is Hapludalfs (Hapl, meaning minimal

horizonation, plus udalf, the suborder of the Alfisols

that has a udic moisture regime).

SUBGROUP. Each great group has a typic

subgroup. Other subgroups are intergrades or

extragrades. The typic subgroup is the central

concept of the great group; it is not necessarily the

most extensive. Intergrades are transitions to other

orders, suborders, or great groups. Extragrades have

some properties that are not representative of the

great group but do not indicate transitions to any

other taxonomic class. Each subgroup is identified by

one or more adjectives preceding the name of the

great group. The adjective Typic identifies the

subgroup that typifies the great group. An example is

Typic Hapludalfs.

FAMILY. Families are established within a

subgroup on the basis of physical and chemical

properties and other characteristics that affect

management. Generally, the properties are those of

horizons below plow depth where there is much

biological activity. Among the properties and

characteristics considered are particle-size class,

mineralogy class, cation-exchange activity class, soil

temperature regime, soil depth, and reaction class. A

family name consists of the name of a subgroup

preceded by terms that indicate soil properties. An

example is fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Typic

Hapludalfs.

SERIES. The series consists of soils within a

family that have horizons similar in color, texture,

structure, reaction, consistence, mineral and chemical

composition, and arrangement in the profile.

The orders in this survey area are Entisols,

Inceptisols, Mollisols, and Alfisols.

Entisols (ents) are mineral soils with little or no

evidence of development. They have been affected

only slightly by soil-forming processes. An A horizon is

the only distinct pedogenic horizon in these soils.

Most of the Entisols are on flood plains that receive

fresh deposits from flooding.

Udifluvents are usually moist and occur near the

Mississippi River channel on the higher portions of

the flood plain. They are very deep, well drained soils

that have a moderately thick A horizon. Typic

Udifluvents are coarse-loamy and contain mixed

mineralogy. They include the Robinsonville soils.

Aquic Udifluvents, like the typic subgroup, are

dominated by brown matrix colors, but contain grayish

redoximorphic features in the upper part of the

subsoil, indicating the presence of a seasonal high

water table within this zone during portions of the

year. Collins soils are included in the aquic subgroup

of Udifluvents.

Udipsamments occur in similar positions as the

Udifluvents, but have a significantly higher sand

content throughout the soil profile. They are moist

throughout much of the year, but become extremely

droughty during the summer and early fall. They

include the Crevasse soils on the Mississippi River

flood plain.

Classification of the Soils
170 Soil Survey

Udorthents are very deep, well drained soils that

have a very thin A horizon. They occur in areas of cutand-fill associated with road construction and urban

development. These soils are not classified below the

great group level.

Inceptisols (epts) are mineral soils having altered

horizons resulting from pedogenesis. They have

ochric epipedons and cambic subsurface horizons.

Most of these soils occur on flood plains throughout

the survey area.

Aquepts are wet, nearly level soils. They are

saturated with water at some period of the year or

have been artificially drained. They occur on the lower

portions of flood plains, and grayish colors are

dominant. Typic Aquepts are gray, poorly drained soils

with low to moderate clay content in the subsoil and

have mixed mineralogy. These include the Mhoon and

Waverly soils. Fluvaquentic Aquepts are better

drained than the typic subgroup, containing brown

colors immediately below the surface layer in the

uppermost part of the subsoil. They include the

Commerce, Convent, and Falaya soils. Vertic Aquepts

are fine-textured soils dominated by smectitic

mineralogy in the upper part of the subsoil. As a

result, these soils crack open when dry and swell

when wet. Such soils include Keyespoint and

Openlake soils on broad, low-lying alluvial plains and

Tunica soils in slackwater areas of the Mississippi

River flood plain.

Udepts are soils dominated with brown colors

throughout and are, therefore, not as wet as the

Aquepts. Eutrudepts have a low clay content,

moderate to high base saturation, and a relatively

high content of organic matter. In Fulton County,

these soils consist of the well drained Natchez series

occurring on the very steep bluffs that parallel the

eastern edge of the Mississippi River flood plain. The

moderately well drained Fluvaquentic Eutrudepts

consist of the Adler series on the flood plain below the

Natchez soils and along tributaries draining directly to

the Mississippi River.

Mollisols (olls) are mineral soils that have a

relatively thick, dark surface layer(s). They are rich in

bases and, therefore, have moderate to high base

saturation. In the survey area, they also have cambic

subsoil horizons.

Aquolls are naturally wet and have grayish colors

with brown mottles. They are saturated at some

season of the year or are artificially drained. These

soils include the Bowdre soils on low-lying,

intermediate positions of the Mississippi River flood

plain and the Dekoven soils along the Mud Creek

flood plain draining the loess uplands in the western

part of Fulton County. Vertic Aquolls, like the Vertic

Aquepts, are clayey soils that have deep, wide cracks

when dry and high shrink-swell properties due to their

smectitic mineralogy. The Bondurant and Roellen

soils are examples of Aquolls having vertic properties

(fig.18). Aquolls in Fulton County have a seasonal

water table ranging from 0 to 2 feet during winter and

early spring.

Udolls are drier soils than the Aquolls, as

evidenced by their dominant brown colors in the

cambic subsurface horizons below the mollic

epipedon. These are highly productive soils

occupying old natural levees, low ridges, and broad

areas of higher elevations on the Mississippi River

flood plain. The Bardwell and Ware soils are very

deep, well drained Hapludolls with mixed mineralogy.

Oxyaquic Hapludolls are moderately well drained,

having a seasonal water table in the lower part of the

subsoil for a month or more (cumulative) during most

years. An example is the Phillippy soils.

Alfisols (alfs) are mineral soils with ochric

epipedons and an argillic horizon that contains

evidence of clay translocation in the subsoil. They are

typically acid, but have a moderate to high base

saturation.

Epiaqualfs are very deep, poorly drained or

somewhat poorly drained alfisols with a thin A

horizon. These soils have perched layers of

saturation within the upper 2 meters, with periodic

saturation generally occurring during the winter and

early spring months. These soils occur on nearly level

to slightly depressional stream terraces and heads of

drainageways. Typic Epiaqualfs are fine-silty, poorly

drained soils having mixed mineralogy. They include

the Routon soils. Aeric Epiaqualfs have brown colors

in the upper part of the subsoil and are better drained

than the typic subgroup. They include the Kurk soils.

Fragiudalfs and Fraglossudalfs are very deep,

moderately well drained or somewhat poorly drained

soils with a root restricting fragipan layer in the

subsoil. The fragipan is relatively impermeable to

vertical water movement and, therefore, creates a

perched ground-water table during the winter and

early spring months. These soils occur on nearly level

to moderately steep upland ridges and side slopes.

They are the most extensive soils in the survey area,

comprising about 28 percent of the total area.

Oxyaquic Fragiudalfs and Fraglossudalfs both are

fine-silty with mixed mineralogy. The Oxyaquic

Fragiudalfs contain a moderately thick, yellowish

brown or dark brown subsoil above a weak fragipan

which, to some degree, restricts plant roots and

vertical water movement. They include the Loring

soils. The Oxyaquic Fraglossudalfs contain a bit

denser, more restrictive fragipan on broader upland
Fulton County, Kentucky 171

landscape positions. They include the Grenada soils.

Aquic Fraglossudalfs are seasonally wet, somewhat

poorly drained soils that occur on nearly level and

slightly depressional upland summits and gently

sloping side slopes. These soils are fine-silty with

mixed mineralogy and include the Calloway soils.

Hapludalfs are very deep, well drained and

moderately well drained soils that have a moderately

thick A horizon and a thick subsoil. The subsoil is

commonly brown to yellowish brown. Typic Hapludalfs

are well drained, fine-silty soils with mixed mineralogy

and a high base saturation throughout. They formed

in very thick loess deposits in the western portion of

the county. These soils include the Memphis soils on

nearly level to steep upland ridges and side slopes in

the western half of the county between the Mississippi

River bluff and Cayce. Ultic Hapludalfs are similar to

the typic subgroup in terms of internal drainage,

mineralogy, and soil texture; however, they formed in

more shallow loess deposits in the eastern half of

Fulton County and exhibit lower base saturation

levels in the subsoil. They include the Feliciana soils

on gently sloping to steep upland ridges and side

slopes east of Little Bayou de Chien. Aquic

Hapludalfs are moderately well drained, having brown

argillic horizons with grayish redoximorphic features.

These soils are fine-silty with mixed mineralogy and

include the Center soils on nearly level stream

terraces.

Soil Series and Their Morphology

In this section, each soil series recognized in the

survey area is described. Characteristics of the soil

and the material in which it formed are identified for

each series. A pedon, a small three-dimensional area

of soil, that is typical of the series in the survey area is

described. The detailed description of each soil

Figure 18.—An area of Bondurant silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, protected, exhibiting deep, wide cracks upon drying out in

the summer. Bondurant soils have high shrink-swell properties resulting from their relatively high clay content and smectitic

mineralogy.
172 Soil Survey

horizon follows standards in the “Soil Survey Manual”

(Soil Survey Division Staff, 1993). Many of the

technical terms used in the descriptions are defined in

“Soil Taxonomy” (Soil Survey Staff, 1999) and in

“Keys to Soil Taxonomy” (Soil Survey Staff, 1998).

Unless otherwise indicated, colors in the descriptions

are for moist soil. Following the pedon description is

the range of important characteristics of the soils in

the series.

Adler Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landform: Mississippi River flood plain and its

tributaries

Position on the landform: Mississippi River—near the

loess bluff; Tributaries—along the higher portions

of the flood plain near the channel

Parent material: Nonacid, silty alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils: Commerce, Convent, and Mhoon

• Commerce soils are somewhat poorly drained and

contain more clay throughout

• Convent soils are somewhat poorly drained

• Mhoon soils are poorly drained

Taxonomic class: Coarse-silty, mixed, superactive,

thermic Fluvaquentic Eutrudepts

Typical Pedon

Adler silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, protected, in a

nearly level cultivated field; 1.6 miles west of Hickman

along Kentucky Highway 94 in the Lower Bottom,

then south 2,800 feet along a gravel farm road, 1,500

feet south of the intersection of the gravel road with

the Illinois Central Gulf Railroad; Hickman 7.5 minute

USGS quadrangle; east 978,900 feet and north

96,800 feet by the Kentucky coordinate grid system.

Ap1—0 to 5 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam;

moderate fine and medium granular structure;

very friable; many fine roots; neutral (pH 7.3);

clear smooth boundary.

Ap2—5 to 9 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam;

moderate fine subangular blocky parting to

moderate medium granular structure; very friable;

common fine roots; few fine distinct light yellowish

brown (2.5Y 6/3) iron depletions; neutral (pH 7.3);

clear smooth boundary.

Bw1—9 to 20 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) silt loam; moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; very friable; few fine roots; common

medium distinct light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3)

iron depletions; few fine distinct brown (7.5YR

4/4) masses of iron accumulation; slightly alkaline

(pH 7.5); clear smooth boundary.

Bw2—20 to 29 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky

parting to moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; very friable; very few fine roots;

common medium distinct light yellowish brown

(2.5Y 6/3) and common fine distinct light brownish

gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions; common fine

prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) and few fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of

iron accumulation; slightly alkaline (pH 7.5);

gradual smooth boundary.

Bw3—29 to 39 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam;

weak medium subangular blocky structure; very

friable; common medium distinct grayish brown

(2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions; many fine prominent

dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) and common fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of

iron accumulation; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6);

gradual smooth boundary.

Cg1—39 to 47 inches; 50 percent grayish brown

(2.5Y 5/2) and 50 percent dark yellowish brown

(10YR 4/4) silt loam; massive; stratified; very

friable; very few fine roots; many fine prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron

accumulation; many prominent dark brown

(7.5YR 3/2) iron-manganese oxide stains; slightly

alkaline (pH 7.6); clear smooth boundary.

Cg2—47 to 60 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silt loam;

massive; very stratified; very friable; many

medium prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) and

many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR

5/6) masses of iron accumulation; many

prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) and black

(N 2.5/0) iron-manganese oxide stains; slightly

alkaline (pH 7.6); clear smooth boundary.

Cg3—60 to 80 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silt loam;

massive; friable; many medium faint gray (10YR

5/1) iron depletions; many medium prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and dark reddish brown

(2.5YR 3/4) masses of iron accumulation; slightly

alkaline (pH 7.6).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 18 to 40 inches

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—slightly acid to slightly alkaline
Fulton County, Kentucky 173

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—slightly acid to slightly alkaline

Cg horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, loam,

or very fine sandy loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown, gray, and black

Reaction—slightly acid to slightly alkaline

Bardwell Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Higher portion of broad,

level areas on the flood plain

Parent material: Loamy alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils: Commerce, Crevasse, Phillippy,

Robinsonville, and Ware

• Commerce soils are somewhat poorly drained and

do not have a mollic epipedon

• Crevasse soils are more sandy throughout and are

excessively drained

• Phillippy soils are clayey in the upper part

• Robinsonville and Ware soils are more sandy

throughout and are coarse-loamy

Taxonomic class: Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic

Fluventic Hapludolls

Typical Pedon

Bardwell silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (fig. 19),

frequently flooded, in a nearly level cultivated field; 4

miles north of Hickman in the Upper Bottom, 0.8 mile

northwest of the second bridge over Obion Creek,

300 feet north of a farm road running east-west; Wolf

Island 7.5 minute USGS quadrangle; east 998,200

feet and north 125,150 feet by the Kentucky

coordinate grid system.

Ap—0 to 8 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) silt loam;

weak fine and medium granular structure; very

Figure 19.—Profile of Bardwell silt loam. Bardwell soils have a

thick, dark surface and are among the most productive

soils in Kentucky. The white nail marks the bottom of the

mollic epipedon. Depth is marked in inches.
174 Soil Survey

friable; common fine roots; common krotovinas;

neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary.

A—8 to 14 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; common fine roots;

common krotovinas; neutral (pH 7.0); clear

smooth boundary.

Bw1—14 to 39 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam;

moderate medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; few fine roots; common krotovinas;

common distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) organic

stains; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary.

Bw2—39 to 53 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam;

moderate medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; very few fine roots; few medium prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron

accumulation; common distinct dark gray (10YR

4/1) organic stains; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth

boundary.

2C1—53 to 63 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam;

massive; very friable; common medium prominent

gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions; few medium

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of

iron accumulation; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth

boundary.

2C2—63 to 80 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy

loam; massive; very friable; common medium

prominent gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions; few

medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

masses of iron accumulation; neutral (pH 7.0).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 40 to 60 inches

Thickness of mollic epipedon: 10 to 24 inches

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty

clay loam

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty

clay loam

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

2C horizon (and BC and C horizons where present):

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, loam,

or fine sandy loam

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

Bondurant Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Very slow

Landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

concave areas

Parent material: Clayey alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils: Bowdre, Commerce, Keyespoint,

Openlake, Phillippy, Sharkey, Tunica, and Ware

• Bowdre soils have a loamy texture within 24 inches

• Commerce soils contain less clay throughout and

are fine-silty

• Keyespoint soils have a loamy texture within 40

inches and do not have a mollic epipedon

• Openlake soils do not have a mollic epipedon

• Phillippy soils are at a higher elevation, have a

loamy texture within 24 inches of the surface, and are

moderately well drained

• Sharkey and Tunica soils are poorly drained

• Ware soils occur at a higher elevation and are

coarse-loamy

Taxonomic class: Fine, smectitic, thermic

Fluvaquentic Vertic Epiaquolls

Typical Pedon

Bondurant silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

protected; 6.4 miles west of Hickman along Kentucky

Highway 94 in the Lower Bottom, 1/2 mile west of the

junction of Kentucky Highways 311 and 1282, then

about 150 feet south of Kentucky Highway 1282 into

a cultivated field; Bondurant 7.5 minute USGS

quadrangle; east 961,600 feet and north 90,000 feet

by the Kentucky coordinate grid system.

Ap1—0 to 3 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR

4/2) dry; weak medium granular structure; friable;

many fine roots; many earthworm casts;

moderately acid (pH 5.7); clear smooth boundary.

Ap2—3 to 11 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR

4/2) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; firm; common fine roots; common

distinct very dark gray (2.5Y 3/1) organic stains;

neutral (pH 6.6); abrupt smooth boundary.

A—11 to 20 inches; very dark gray (2.5Y 3/1) silty

clay loam, dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) dry; moderate
Fulton County, Kentucky 175

medium subangular blocky structure; very firm;

few fine roots; common fine prominent dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of iron

accumulation; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear smooth

boundary.

Bg1—20 to 28 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silty clay; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium angular blocky; very

firm; few fine roots; common shiny pressure

faces; many medium prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation and

common fine distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) iron

depletions on ped faces; moderately acid (pH

5.6); clear smooth boundary.

Bg2—28 to 50 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silty clay; dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) ped faces;

moderate medium prismatic structure parting to

moderate medium angular blocky; very firm;

common shiny pressure faces; many medium

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and brown

(7.5YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulation; strongly

acid (pH 5.4); gradual smooth boundary.

2BCg—50 to 67 inches; 50 percent olive brown (2.5Y

4/3) and 50 percent dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) clay

loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure;

firm; many medium prominent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation;

moderately acid (pH 5.9); clear smooth boundary.

2Cg—67 to 80 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) very fine

sandy loam; massive; very friable; many coarse

prominent brown (10YR 4/3) and few medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of

iron accumulation; slightly acid (pH 6.1).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 60 to 80 inches

Thickness of mollic epipedon: 10 to 23 inches

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay loam

Reaction—strongly acid to slightly alkaline

A horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay loam

or silty clay

Reaction—strongly acid to slightly alkaline

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay loam,

silty clay, or clay

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—strongly acid to slightly alkaline

2BCg horizon (and 2Bg horizon where present):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, silty

clay loam, or clay loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to slightly alkaline

2Cg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam, very fine

sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loamy fine

sand

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to slightly alkaline

Bowdre Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Very slow in the upper clayey layers and

moderately rapid in the lower loamy layers

Landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Broad, nearly level to

slightly depressional areas

Parent material: Clayey alluvium over loamy alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils:, Bardwell, Bondurant, Commerce,

Openlake, Phillippy, and Ware

• Bardwell soils are not clayey in the upper part and

are well drained

• Bondurant soils are clayey throughout

• Commerce soils are fine-silty

• Openlake soils are clayey throughout and do not

have a mollic epipedon

• Phillippy soils are at a higher elevation on old

natural levees and are moderately well drained

• Ware soils are at a higher elevation and are coarseloamy

Taxonomic class: Clayey over loamy, smectitic,

thermic Fluvaquentic Hapludolls
176 Soil Survey

Typical Pedon

Bowdre silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently

flooded; 18.5 miles west of Hickman in Madrid Bend,

4,500 feet west of Washpan Lake, 200 feet southeast

of a 90-degree angle tree line below the escarpment;

New Madrid 7.5 minute USGS quadrangle; east

893,700 feet and north 91,200 feet by the Kentucky

coordinate grid system.

Ap—0 to 6 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty

clay, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; firm; many

fine roots; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth

boundary.

A—6 to 20 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silty clay, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry;

moderate medium angular blocky structure; firm;

common fine roots; common shiny pressure

faces; common medium faint dark gray (10YR

4/1) and grayish brown (10YR 4/2) iron depletions

along ped faces; few fine distinct dark brown

(7.5YR 3/3) masses of iron accumulation; neutral

(pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary.

Bg—20 to 24 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; firm; few fine roots; many fine

prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4) and few fine

prominent dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/3)

masses of iron accumulation; many medium

distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) iron depletions;

slightly alkaline (pH 7.5); clear smooth boundary.

2BCg—24 to 30 inches; 50 percent grayish brown

(2.5Y 5/2) and 50 percent light olive brown (2.5Y

5/3) very fine sandy loam; weak fine subangular

blocky structure; very friable; few fine roots;

common medium prominent dark yellowish brown

(10YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulation; few fine

distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions; slightly

alkaline (pH 7.5); abrupt smooth boundary.

3Cg1—30 to 48 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2)

loamy fine sand; single grain; very friable; slightly

alkaline (pH 7.5); gradual smooth boundary.

3Cg2—48 to 80 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2)

loamy fine sand; single grain; very friable; few

coarse distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions;

common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR

4/6 and 7.5YR 5/6) and common coarse dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of iron

accumulation in matrix around depletions; slightly

alkaline (pH 7.5).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 20 to 40 inches

Depth to layers of contrasting texture: 20 to 36 inches

Thickness of mollic epipedon: 10 to 23 inches

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay

Reaction—moderately acid to slightly alkaline

A horizon (or AB horizon where present):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to slightly alkaline

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay or silty

clay loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to slightly alkaline

2BCg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, loam,

very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or

sandy loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

3Cg horizon (and 3C horizon where present):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—sandy loam,

loamy fine sand, fine sand, or sand

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

The Bowdre soils in Fulton County are taxadjuncts

to the Bowdre series because the solum thickness is

greater than 20 inches, they have vertic properties in

the upper part of the particle-size control section, and

they have an aquic moisture regime. In this survey

area, the Bowdre soils classify as clayey over loamy,
Fulton County, Kentucky 177

smectitic over mixed, superactive, thermic

Fluvaquentic Vertic Endoaquolls.

Calloway Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and slow

in the fragipan

Landform: Upland

Position on the landform: Broad, smooth to slightly

concave summits and heads of drainageways

and, to a limited extent, gently sloping side slopes

Parent material: Thick loess deposits

Slope range: 0 to 4 percent

Associated soils: Feliciana, Grenada, Loring, and

Routon

• Feliciana soils are well drained and do not have a

fragipan

• Grenada and Loring soils are moderately well

drained

• Routon soils are poorly drained and do not have a

fragipan

Taxonomic class: Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic

Aquic Fraglossudalfs

Typical Pedon

Calloway silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, on a smooth

1 percent slope in a cultivated field; 0.5 mile north of

the junction of the Purchase Parkway and U.S.

Highway 51 at Fulton, then 1,400 feet west of U.S.

Highway 51; Crutchfield 7.5 minute USGS

quadrangle; east 1,076,400 feet and north 85,100 feet

by the Kentucky coordinate grid system.

 Ap1—0 to 4 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

silt loam; moderate medium granular structure;

very friable; many fine roots; common medium

distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions;

common fine distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/3)

masses of iron accumulation; slightly acid (pH

6.5); clear smooth boundary.

 Ap2—4 to 8 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak

medium granular structure; very friable; many fine

roots; few fine faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron

depletions; few fine prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; few

distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) soft ironmanganese stains and nodules; neutral (pH 6.6);

clear smooth boundary.

E—8 to 19 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam;

moderate fine subangular blocky structure; very

friable; common fine roots; common medium

distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron

depletions; common fine prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation;

common distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) soft ironmanganese stains and nodules; neutral (pH 6.6);

clear smooth boundary.

Eg—19 to 30 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2)

silt loam; moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; very friable; very few fine roots; many

fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR

5/6) and common medium distinct brown (10YR

5/3) masses of iron accumulation; many distinct

dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) manganese stains and

nodules; moderately acid (pH 5.8); clear irregular

boundary.

Btx1/Eg—30 to 50 inches; 60 percent strong brown

(10YR 4/6) silty clay loam (Btx); weak very coarse

prismatic structure parting to moderate medium

subangular blocky; very firm; very few fine roots

along prism faces; common medium distinct

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron

accumulation; many distinct gray (7.5YR 5/1) and

brown (7.5YR 5/2) clay skins on faces of prisms;

compact and brittle; 40 percent light brownish

gray (10YR 6/2) silt loam as tongues between

prisms (Eg); weak fine and medium subangular

blocky structure; very friable; many distinct dark

brown (7.5YR 3/3) manganese stains and

nodules; strongly acid (pH 5.2); gradual smooth

boundary.

Btx2—50 to 60 inches; strong brown (10YR 4/6) silt

loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium subangular blocky;

very firm; many medium prominent light brownish

gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; common medium

distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron

accumulation; many distinct gray (7.5YR 5/1) and

brown (7.5YR 5/2) clay skins on faces of prisms;

common prominent light gray (10YR 7/1) clay

depletions on prism faces; compact and brittle;

strongly acid (pH 5.2); gradual smooth boundary.

BC—60 to 80 inches; strong brown (10YR 4/6) silt

loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure;

friable; many medium prominent light brownish

gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; few fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of

iron accumulation; common prominent light gray

(10YR 7/1) clay depletions; common prominent

black (N 2.5/0) manganese stains; strongly acid

(pH 5.1).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: More than 60 inches

Depth to fragipan: 18 to 36 inches
178 Soil Survey

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid,

unless limed

E horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—3 or 4

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid,

unless limed

Eg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—6 or 7

Chroma—1 or 2

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of gray and brown

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt or silt loam

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid

Btx/Eg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5 (Btx); 6 or 7 (Eg)

Chroma—2 to 6 (Btx); 1 or 2 (Eg)

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty

clay loam (Btx); silt or silt loam (Eg)

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid

Btx horizon and Bx horizon (where present):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 6

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty

clay loam

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid

BC horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value— 4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of gray

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—strongly acid to slightly alkaline

Center Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate in the upper part of the solum

and moderately slow in the lower part

Landform: Stream terrace

Position on the landform: Higher, nearly level to gently

undulating positions

Parent material: Silty alluvium and loess

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Associated soils: Calloway and Grenada—on

adjacent uplands; Convent and Dekoven—on

flood plains; Kurk and Routon—on other portions

of stream terraces

• Calloway and Grenada soils formed in thick loess

deposits and have a fragipan

• Convent soils do not have an argillic horizon

• Dekoven soils have a mollic epipedon, are poorly

drained, and do not have an argillic horizon

• Kurk soils are somewhat poorly drained

• Routon soils are poorly drained

Taxonomic class: Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic

Aquic Hapludalfs

Typical Pedon

Center silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, on a nearly

level 1 percent slope in a cultivated field; 7.5 miles

southeast of Hickman along Kentucky Highway 166

(middle road), 0.5 mile southeast of where the natural

gas pipelines cross Kentucky Highway 166 on the

east side of Mud Creek; Cayce 7.5 minute USGS

quadrangle; east about 1,021,300 feet and north

82,200 feet by the Kentucky coordinate grid system.

Ap—0 to 10 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam;

moderate medium granular structure; very friable;

many fine roots; few medium distinct dark brown

(7.5YR 3/2) and few fine prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; few

medium faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron

depletions; moderately acid (pH 5.6); clear

smooth boundary.

Bt1—10 to 15 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt

loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure;

very friable; common fine roots; common fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of

iron accumulation; few medium distinct light

yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) iron depletions; few

faint discontinuous clay skins on ped interiors;

few prominent soft dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) ironmanganese concretions; moderately acid (pH

5.6); clear smooth boundary.
Fulton County, Kentucky 179

Bt2—15 to 21 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt

loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure;

very friable; few fine roots; common fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of

iron accumulation; common medium distinct light

brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) and light yellowish

brown (2.5Y 6/3) iron depletions; few faint

discontinuous clay skins on ped interiors; few

prominent soft dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) ironmanganese concretions; moderately acid (pH

5.6); clear smooth boundary.

Bt3—21 to 38 inches; 40 percent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6), 30 percent light olive brown (2.5Y

5/3), and 30 percent light brownish gray (2.5Y

6/2) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular

blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common

medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and

dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) masses of iron

accumulation; common distinct light gray (2.5Y

7/2) clay depletions on ped faces (N 7/0 dry);

many distinct gray (2.5Y 5/1) clay skins along ped

faces; common prominent soft dark brown (7.5YR

3/2) iron-manganese concretions; strongly acid

(pH 5.3); gradual smooth boundary.

Bt4—38 to 48 inches; 50 percent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) and 50 percent light olive brown (2.5Y

5/3) silt loam; moderate medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; very few fine roots;

common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR

5/6) and dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) masses of iron

accumulation; many medium distinct light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions;

common distinct light gray (2.5Y 7/2) clay

depletions on ped faces (N 7/0 dry); many distinct

gray (2.5Y 5/1) clay skins along ped faces;

common prominent soft dark brown (7.5YR 3/2)

iron-manganese concretions; moderately acid

(pH 5.6); gradual smooth boundary.

BC—48 to 80 inches; 50 percent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/4) and 50 percent light olive brown (2.5Y

5/3) silt loam; weak coarse subangular blocky

structure; friable; very few fine roots; common

medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and

dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) masses of iron

accumulation; many medium distinct light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions;

common distinct light gray (2.5Y 7/2) clay

depletions on ped faces (N 7/0 dry); common

prominent soft dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) ironmanganese concretions; moderately acid (pH

5.9).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 40 to 60 inches or more

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—strongly acid to slightly acid, unless

limed

Bt horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty

clay loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction— strongly acid to slightly acid

BC horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to slightly alkaline

Collins Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landform: Flood plain draining loess upland (in the

easternmost part of the county)

Position on the landform: Along smaller creeks and

streams

Parent material: Silty alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils: Falaya and Waverly

• Falaya soils are somewhat poorly drained

• Waverly soils are poorly drained

Taxonomic class: Coarse-silty, mixed, active, acid,

thermic Aquic Udifluvents

Typical Pedon

Collins silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally

flooded, in a nearly level cultivated field; 3.2 miles

north of Fulton along U.S. Highway 51 to the

intersection with Dillion Road, then 4,800 feet east

along Dillion Road, then 500 feet south into the field;

Crutchfield 7.5 minute USGS quadrangle; east

1,076,500 feet and north 97,300 feet by the Kentucky

coordinate grid system.

Ap1—0 to 7 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak
180 Soil Survey

fine and medium granular structure; very friable;

common fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

Ap2—7 to 12 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky

structure; very friable; few fine roots; few

prominent black

(N 2.5/0) carbonaceous stains throughout; very

strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bw—12 to 19 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; few fine roots; common medium

distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and pale

brown (10YR 6/3) iron depletions; very strongly

acid; clear smooth boundary.

C1—19 to 30 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; massive; friable; very few fine roots; many

coarse distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron

depletions; few medium distinct yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; few

distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) clay depletions

throughout; very strongly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

C2—30 to 42 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) silt loam; massive; friable; common medium

distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron

depletions; few distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) clay

depletions throughout; very strongly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

C3—42 to 80 inches; 60 percent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/4) and 40 percent light brownish gray

(10YR 6/2) silt loam; massive; friable; common

coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 15 to 30 inches

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or,

less commonly, loam

Reaction—very strongly acid or strongly acid

throughout, unless limed

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—very strongly acid or strongly acid

throughout

C horizon (and BC horizon where present):

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—very strongly acid or strongly acid

throughout

Cg horizon (where present):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—6 or 7

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt or silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown

Reaction—very strongly acid or strongly acid

throughout

The Collins soils in Fulton County are taxadjuncts

to the Collins series because they have a cambic

subsoil horizon. This difference, however, does not

affect the use and management of the soils. In this

survey area, the Collins soils are coarse-silty, mixed,

active, thermic Fluvaquentic Dystrudepts.

Commerce Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

concave areas

Parent material: Loamy alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils: Bardwell, Bondurant, Bowdre,

Keyespoint, Openlake, Phillippy, Robinsonville,

and Ware

• Bardwell soils have a mollic epipedon and are well

drained

• Bondurant soils have a mollic epipedon and are

clayey to 4 feet

• Bowdre and Keyespoint soils are clayey in the

upper part

• Openlake soils are clayey throughout

• Phillippy soils are at a higher elevation on old

natural levees and are clayey in the upper part

• Robinsonville and Ware soils are at a higher

elevation and are coarse-loamy
Fulton County, Kentucky 181

Taxonomic class: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive,

nonacid, thermic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts

Typical Pedon

Commerce silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, protected,

in a nearly level cultivated field; 6 miles west of

Hickman along Kentucky Highway 94 in the Lower

Bottom, then 4,200 feet north of the intersection of

Running Slough with Kentucky Highway 94;

Bondurant 7.5 minute USGS quadrangle; east

956,300 feet and north 106,700 feet by the Kentucky

coordinate grid system.

Ap1—0 to 4 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) silt loam;

moderate medium granular structure; friable;

common fine roots; common krotovinas; neutral

(pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary.

Ap2—4 to 11 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

silt loam; weak medium granular structure; friable;

few fine roots; common krotovinas; neutral (pH

6.8); clear smooth boundary.

Bg1—11 to 17 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; few fine roots; common medium

distinct gray (2.5Y 5/1) iron depletions; neutral

(pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary.

Bg2—17 to 25 inches; 50 percent dark grayish brown

(2.5Y 4/2) and 50 percent gray (2.5Y 5/1) silt

loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; firm; very few fine roots; common

medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

masses of iron accumulation; neutral (pH 6.8);

clear smooth boundary.

Bg3—25 to 43 inches; dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) silty clay

loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure

parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; firm;

common medium faint dark grayish brown (2.5Y

4/2) iron depletions; common medium prominent

brown (7.5YR 4/3) masses of iron accumulation;

slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear smooth boundary.

Cg—43 to 80 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silt loam; massive; friable; many medium distinct

dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) iron depletions; many

medium distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses of iron

accumulation; neutral (pH 6.8).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 30 to 60 inches

Depth to dominant chroma of 2 or less: 14 to 20

inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty

clay loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, loam,

or silty clay loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown, gray, and red

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline

Cg horizon (and BCg horizon where present):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, loam,

silty clay loam, fine sandy loam, or very fine

sandy loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline

Convent Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landform: Mississippi River flood plain and its

tributaries

Position on the landform: Mississippi River flood

plain—near the loess bluff; tributaries—nearly

level to slightly concave areas

Parent material: Nonacid, silty alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils: Adler, Commerce, Dekoven, and

Mhoon

• Adler soils are moderately well drained

• Commerce soils contain more clay throughout and

are fine-silty

• Dekoven soils have a mollic epipedon and are finesilty

• Mhoon soils are poorly drained

Taxonomic class: Coarse-silty, mixed, superactive,

nonacid, thermic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts

Typical Pedon

Convent silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally

flooded, in a nearly level cultivated field; 2 miles west

of Cayce along Kentucky Highway 94, then south 1.3
182 Soil Survey

miles along Kentucky Highway 1127, 600 feet east of

the highway on the south side of Mud Creek; Cayce

7.5 minute USGS quadrangle; east 1,024,400 feet

and north 93,300 feet by the Kentucky coordinate grid

system.

 Ap1—0 to 5 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam;

moderate medium granular structure; very friable;

many fine roots; common medium distinct grayish

brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions; few fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and distinct

dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) masses of iron

accumulation; slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear smooth

boundary.

Ap2—5 to 10 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) silt loam;

weak medium platy and weak coarse granular

structure; very friable; common fine roots;

common medium distinct light brownish gray

(10YR 6/2) and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron

depletions; common fine prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; neutral

(pH 7.0); gradual smooth boundary.

Bw—10 to 19 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) silt loam;

weak medium subangular blocky structure parting

to moderate fine subangular blocky; very friable;

few fine roots; common medium distinct light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and grayish brown

(2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions; common medium

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and few fine

prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron

accumulation on surfaces along pores; few

prominent black (N 2.5/0) iron-manganese oxide

stains; neutral (pH 7.0); gradual smooth

boundary.

BCg—19 to 23 inches; 55 percent grayish brown

(2.5Y 5/2) and 45 percent olive brown (2.5Y 4/3)

silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky; very

friable; many medium distinct light brownish gray

(10YR 6/2) iron depletions; many medium

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and few fine

prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron

accumulation on surfaces along pores; many

prominent black (N 2.5/0) iron-manganese oxide

stains; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary.

Cg1—23 to 29 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt

loam; massive; very friable; many medium distinct

light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions;

many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR

5/6) masses of iron accumulation; many

prominent black (N 2.5/0) iron-manganese oxide

stains; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary.

Cg2—29 to 45 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) silt loam;

massive; very friable; many medium prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and common fine

prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron

accumulation; many prominent black (N 2.5/0)

iron-manganese oxide stains; slightly acid (pH

6.5); abrupt smooth boundary

Ab—45 to 60 inches; 50 percent very dark grayish

brown (10YR 3/2) and 50 percent dark gray

(10YR 4/1) silt loam; massive; friable; many fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and dark

reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) and common fine

prominent dusky red (10R 3/4) masses of iron

accumulation; moderately acid (pH 6.0); clear

smooth boundary.

Cgb—60 to 80 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

silt loam; massive; friable; many medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation;

common distinct black (N 2.5/0) manganese or

iron-manganese stains and few nodules

throughout; neutral (pH 6.6).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 18 to 30 inches

Depth to dominant chroma of 2 or less: 14 to 20

inches

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown, gray, and red

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline

BCg horizon (and Bg horizon where present):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown, gray, and black

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline

Cg and Cgb horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2
Fulton County, Kentucky 183

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, loam,

or very fine sandy loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown, gray, and black

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline

Ab horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and red

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline

Crevasse Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid

Landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Along the banks of the

Mississippi River, flood-plain splays, and point

bars

Parent material: Sandy alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Associated soils: Bardwell, Commerce, Robinsonville,

and Ware

• Bardwell soils are fine-silty and have a mollic

epipedon

• Commerce soils are somewhat poorly drained and

are fine-silty

• Robinsonville and Ware soils have finer textures

throughout and are coarse-loamy

Taxonomic class: Mixed, thermic Typic Udipsamments

Typical Pedon

Crevasse loamy fine sand, 0 to 3 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded; 4,000 feet west of Watson Lake

in Madrid Bend in the southernmost portion of Watson

Point and northeast of Kentucky Point Bar; New

Madrid 7.5 minute USGS quadrangle; east 886,000

feet and north 97,300 feet by the Kentucky coordinate

grid system.

A—0 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

loamy fine sand; weak medium granular structure;

very friable; common fine roots; slightly alkaline

(pH 7.4); clear smooth boundary.

AC—4 to 7 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) loamy fine

sand; weak medium granular structure; very

friable; common fine roots; slightly alkaline (pH

7.4); abrupt smooth boundary.

C1—7 to 16 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sand;

single grain; loose; slightly alkaline (pH 7.5);

abrupt smooth boundary.

C2—16 to 80 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) sand;

single grain; loose; neutral (pH 7.3).

Range in Characteristics

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loamy fine sand

and silt loam

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

AC horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction— loam, fine

sandy loam, or loamy fine sand

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

C horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loamy fine

sand, loamy sand, fine sand, or sand

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

Dekoven Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landform: Flood plain tributaries to the Mississippi

River that drain loess uplands

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

depressional areas along streams and creeks

Parent material: Silty alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils: Adler, Convent, and Mhoon—on

similar positions; Center, Kurk, and Routon—on

nearby stream terraces

• Adler soils are moderately well drained and do not

have a mollic epipedon

• Center, Kurk, and Routon soils are in higher

positions, have an argillic horizon, and do not have a

mollic epipedon

• Mhoon soils are poorly drained and do not have a

mollic epipedon

Taxonomic class: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive,

thermic Typic Endoaquolls
184 Soil Survey

Typical Pedon

Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2 percent slopes

(fig. 20), occasionally flooded, in a cultivated field; 4.7

miles east of Hickman along Kentucky Highway 94,

0.9 mile south of the junction of Kentucky Highways

94 and 1129, then 200 feet west of Kentucky Highway

1129; Cayce 7.5 minute USGS quadrangle; east

1,015,500 feet and north 99,900 feet by the Kentucky

coordinate grid system.

Ap—0 to 7 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry;

moderate medium granular structure; very friable;

many fine roots; neutral (pH 6.8); abrupt smooth

boundary.

A—7 to 20 inches; very dark gray (2.5Y 3/1) silt loam,

dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable;

common fine roots; few fine prominent dark

brown (7.5YR 3/4) masses of iron accumulation;

neutral (pH 6.6); clear smooth boundary.

Bg1—20 to 27 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; many

coarse distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) and

few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

masses of iron accumulation; common prominent

black

(N 2.5/0) iron-manganese stains and nodules

throughout; neutral (pH 7.0); gradual smooth

boundary.

Bg2—27 to 44 inches; dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) silt loam;

moderate medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; very few fine roots; common fine and

medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and many medium

distinct olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) masses of iron

accumulation; common prominent black (N 2.5/0)

iron-manganese stains and nodules throughout;

neutral (pH 7.0); gradual smooth boundary.

BCg—44 to 62 inches; 50 percent grayish brown

(2.5Y 5/2) and 50 percent light brownish gray

(2.5Y 6/2) silt loam; weak coarse subangular

blocky structure; friable; many fine prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and many medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of

iron accumulation; many medium distinct dark

gray (2.5Y 4/1) iron depletions in pores; common

prominent black (N 2.5/0) iron-manganese stains

and nodules throughout; neutral (pH 7.2); clear

smooth boundary.

Cg1—62 to 68 inches; dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) silt loam;

massive; friable; many fine prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) and many medium prominent

Figure 20.—Profile of Dekoven silt loam with a 14-inch layer of

brown overwash. Most areas of the Dekoven soil have

been drained and are used for producing corn and

soybeans. Depth is marked in inches.
Fulton County, Kentucky 185

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron

accumulation; many prominent black (N 2.5/0)

iron-manganese stains and few nodules

throughout; neutral (pH 7.2); clear smooth

boundary.

Cg2—68 to 80 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

silt loam; massive; friable; many medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation;

common prominent black (N 2.5/0) manganese or

iron-manganese stains and few nodules

throughout; neutral (pH 7.3).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 40 to 80 inches

Thickness of mollic epipedon: 10 to 23 inches

Ap and A horizons:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline

Overwash layer (where present):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty

clay loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown, red, and gray

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline

BCg and Cg horizons:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline

Falaya Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landform: Flood plain (in the easternmost part of the

county)

Position on the landform: Slightly depressional areas

along streams and creeks

Parent material: Silty alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils: Collins and Waverly

• Collins soils are moderately well drained

• Waverly soils are poorly drained

Taxonomic class: Coarse-silty, mixed, active, acid,

thermic Aeric Fluvaquents

Typical Pedon

Falaya silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally

flooded, in a nearly level cultivated field; 3,600 feet

north of the intersection of the Purchase Parkway and

Kentucky Highway 307, then 1,500 feet east into a

narrow bottom on the west side of Harris Fork Creek;

Water Valley 7.5 minute USGS quadrangle; east

1,084,500 feet and north 86,400 feet by the Kentucky

coordinate grid system.

Ap—0 to 8 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak

medium granular structure; very friable; common

fine roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Bw—8 to 14 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam; weak

medium subangular blocky structure parting to

moderate medium granular; friable; few fine roots;

common fine distinct light brownish gray (10YR

6/2) iron depletions; few fine distinct strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; slightly

acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bg—14 to 24 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2)

silt loam; weak coarse subangular blocky

structure; friable; common medium prominent

brown (10YR 5/3) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

masses of iron accumulation; few distinct black

(N 2.5/0) manganese or iron-manganese stains

and concretions throughout; neutral; gradual

smooth boundary.

Cg1—24 to 33 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2)

silt loam; massive; friable; common fine and

medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

masses of iron accumulation; few distinct black

(N 2.5/0) manganese or iron-manganese stains

and concretions throughout; very strongly acid;

gradual smooth boundary.

Cg2—33 to 52 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) silt loam;

massive; friable; few fine prominent dark brown

(7.5YR 4/4) and common fine prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation;

few distinct black (N 2.5/0) manganese or ironmanganese stains and concretions throughout;

very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
186 Soil Survey

Bwb—52 to 80 inches; 60 percent brown (10YR 5/3)

and 40 percent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silt

loam; massive; firm; common medium distinct

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron

accumulation; few distinct black (N 2.5/0)

manganese or iron-manganese stains

throughout; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to dominant chroma of 2 or less: 14 to 20

inches

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—very strongly acid or strongly acid,

unless limed

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—very strongly acid or strongly acid,

unless limed

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown, red, and gray

Reaction—very strongly acid or strongly acid,

unless limed

Cg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—5 to 7

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and yellow

Reaction—very strongly acid or strongly acid

Bwb horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty

clay loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—very strongly acid or strongly acid

The Falaya soils in Fulton County are taxadjuncts

to the Falaya series because they have a cambic

subsoil horizon. This difference, however, does not

affect the use and management of the soils. In this

survey area, the Falaya soils are coarse-silty, mixed,

active, thermic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts.

Feliciana Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landform: Upland (throughout the eastern half of

Fulton County)

Position on the landform: Ridgetops and side slopes

Parent material: Thick loess

Slope range: 2 to 30 percent

Associated soils: Calloway, Grenada, and Loring

• Calloway soils are somewhat poorly drained and

occupy broader, flatter landscapes at a lower

elevation

• Grenada and Loring soils are moderately well

drained and have a fragipan

Taxonomic class: Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic

Ultic Hapludalfs

Typical Pedon

Feliciana silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes (fig. 21), on

a slightly convex ridgetop averaging 3 percent slope

in a meadow of fescue; 1 mile east of Crutchfield, 300

feet east of the junction of U.S. Highway 51 and

Veach-Howell Road, then 100 feet south into the field;

Crutchfield 7.5 minute USGS quadrangle; east

1,070,100 feet and north 103,500 feet by the

Kentucky coordinate grid system.

Ap—0 to 8 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak

fine granular structure; very friable; many fine

roots; slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear smooth

boundary.

Bt1—8 to 12 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silty clay

loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; common fine roots; few faint

dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay skins on faces of

peds; moderately acid (pH 6.0); gradual smooth

boundary.

Bt2—12 to 35 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) silt

loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; few fine roots; common distinct
Fulton County, Kentucky 187

brown (7.5YR 4/3) clay skins on faces of peds;

few prominent pockets of pale brown (10YR 6/3)

clay depletions on faces of peds; few prominent

black (N 2.5/0) iron-manganese oxide stains on

faces of peds; moderately acid (pH 5.8); gradual

smooth boundary.

Bt3—35 to 48 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam;

moderate medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; few distinct brown (7.5YR 4/3) clay skins

on faces of peds; few prominent pale brown

(10YR 6/3) clay depletions on faces of peds;

common prominent black (N 2.5/0) ironmanganese oxide stains on faces of peds;

moderately acid (pH 5.8); gradual smooth

boundary.

Bt4—48 to 66 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) silt

loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; few distinct brown (7.5YR 4/3)

clay skins on faces of peds; common prominent

pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay depletions on faces of

peds; few prominent black (N 2.5/0) ironmanganese oxide stains on faces of peds;

moderately acid (pH 5.8); gradual smooth

boundary.

BC—66 to 80 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam;

weak medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; few prominent pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay

depletions on faces of peds; few prominent black

(N 2.5/0) manganese or iron-manganese stains

on faces of peds; moderately acid (pH 6.0).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 48 to 80 inches

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid,

unless limed

Bt horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty

clay loam

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid

BC horizon:

Hue—7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid

Grenada Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and

moderately slow in the fragipan

Landform: Upland

Position on the landform: Broad summits

Parent material: Thick loess

Slope range: 0 to 12 percent

Associated soils: Calloway, Center, Feliciana, Loring,

Memphis, and Routon

• Calloway soils are somewhat poorly drained

• Center and Routon soils are on stream terraces and

do not have a fragipan

• Feliciana and Memphis soils are well drained and

do not have a fragipan

• Loring soils occur at a higher elevation with an

appreciably weaker fragipan and do not have a

glossic horizon

Taxonomic class: Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic

Oxyaquic Fraglossudalfs

Typical Pedon

Grenada silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes (fig. 22), on a

smooth 4 percent slope in a cultivated field; 0.85 mile

west of Crutchfield along Kentucky Highway 924, then

100 feet south into the cultivated field; Crutchfield 7.5

minute USGS quadrangle; east about 1,060,200 feet

and north about 104,400 feet by the Kentucky

coordinate grid system.

Ap—0 to 7 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak

medium granular structure; very friable; many fine

roots; few medium distinct grayish brown (10YR

5/2) iron depletions; dark brown (7.5YR 3/3)

masses of iron accumulation; neutral (pH 6.6);

clear smooth boundary.

BA—7 to 13 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; common fine roots; slightly acid (pH 6.5);

clear smooth boundary.

Bw—13 to 24 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) silt

loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; common fine roots; few fine

distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay depletions;

few distinct soft brown and black iron-manganese

stains; moderately acid (pH 6.0); clear wavy

boundary.

E/Bt—24 to 30 inches; 60 percent light brownish gray

(10YR 6/2) silt loam (E); moderate fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable;

common fine roots; few distinct soft brown and

black iron-manganese stains; 40 percent
188 Soil Survey

Figure 21.—Profile of Feliciana silt loam. Feliciana soils are

very deep and well drained as evidenced by their brown,

oxidized colors throughout. Depth is marked in feet.

Figure 22.—Profile of Grenada silt loam. Grenada soils have a

fragipan in the lower part of the profile, which restricts

vertical water movement and root penetration. Depth is

marked in inches.
Fulton County, Kentucky 189

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam (Bt);

few distinct brown (7.5YR 4/3) clay skins on faces

of peds; moderately acid (pH 5.8); clear irregular

boundary.

Btx1/E—30 to 42 inches; 60 percent strong brown

(10YR 4/6) silty clay loam (Btx); weak very coarse

prismatic structure parting to moderate medium

subangular blocky; very firm; compact and brittle;

very few fine roots along prism faces; common

medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses

of iron accumulation; many distinct gray (7.5YR

5/1) and brown (7.5YR 5/2) clay skins on faces of

prisms; 40 percent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2)

silt loam as tongues between prisms (E); weak

fine and medium subangular blocky structure;

very friable; many distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/3)

manganese stains and nodules; strongly acid (pH

5.5); gradual smooth boundary.

Btx2—42 to 66 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam;

moderate very coarse prismatic structure; very

firm; compact and brittle; very few fine roots

occupying gray zones between prisms; few

distinct brown (7.5YR 4/3) clay skins along prism

faces; common medium prominent light brownish

gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; common

prominent light gray (10YR 7/1) clay depletions

on prism faces; common distinct black (N 2.5/0)

manganese stains; moderately acid (pH 5.5);

gradual wavy boundary.

Bx—66 to 80 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam;

moderate coarse prismatic structure; very firm;

compact and brittle; few medium prominent light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions;

common prominent light gray (10YR 7/1) clay

depletions on prism faces; many prominent black

(N 2.5/0) manganese or iron-manganese stains

on faces of peds; moderately acid (pH 6.0)

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 60 to 80 inches or more

Depth to fragipan: 20 to 36 inches

Ap and BA horizons:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid,

unless limed

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid

E/Bt horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—6 or 7 (E); 4 to 6 (Bt)

Chroma—2 or 3 (E); 4 to 6 (Bt)

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silt

(E); silt loam or silty clay loam (Bt)

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid

Btx/E horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR (Btx); 10YR or 2.5Y (E)

Value—4 or 5 (Btx); 6 or 7 (E)

Chroma—3 to 6 (Btx); 2 or 3 (E)

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty

clay loam (Btx); silt loam or silt (E)

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid

Btx horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty

clay loam

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid

Bx horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—strongly acid to neutral

Keyespoint Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Very slow in the upper clayey layers and

moderately rapid in the lower loamy layers

Landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

concave slackwater areas

Parent material: Clayey alluvium over loamy alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent
190 Soil Survey

Associated soils: Bondurant, Bowdre, Commerce,

Openlake, Sharkey, and Tunica

• Bondurant soils contain a mollic epipedon and are

clayey throughout the particle-size control section

• Bowdre soils contain a mollic epipedon

• Commerce soils contain less clay throughout and

are fine-silty

• Openlake soils are clayey throughout the particlesize control section

• Sharkey and Tunica soils are poorly drained

Taxonomic class: Clayey over loamy, smectitic over

mixed, superactive, nonacid, thermic Vertic

Epiaquepts

Typical Pedon

Keyespoint silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

frequently flooded; 4 miles northeast of Hickman in

the Upper Bottom, 300 feet west of the area referred

to as the 1,000-acre woods; Hickman 7.5 minute

USGS quadrangle; east 1,007,800 feet and north

122,000 feet by the Kentucky coordinate grid system.

Ap1—0 to 3 inches; very dark grayish brown (2.5Y

3/2) silty clay loam; weak medium granular

structure; friable; common fine roots; common

krotovinas; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth

boundary.

Ap2—3 to 8 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few

medium faint dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) iron depletions;

common krotovinas; neutral (pH 6.8); clear

smooth boundary.

Bg1—8 to 24 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silty clay; weak coarse subangular blocky

structure parting to moderate fine angular blocky;

very firm; very few fine roots; common medium

faint dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) iron depletions; few fine

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of

iron accumulation; common pressure faces

throughout; slightly alkaline (pH 7.5); gradual

smooth boundary.

Bg2—24 to 36 inches; dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) silty clay

loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure;

firm; many medium distinct dark grayish brown

(10YR 4/2) masses of iron accumulation; neutral

(pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary.

2C1—36 to 44 inches; 55 percent brown (2.5Y 4/3)

and 45 percent dark gray (10YR 4/1) loam;

massive; friable; slightly acid (pH 6.5); gradual

smooth boundary.

2C2—44 to 54 inches; brown (2.5Y 4/3) fine sandy

loam; massive; very friable; very few fine roots;

few medium faint dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

masses of iron accumulation; neutral (pH 6.8);

gradual smooth boundary.

2C3—54 to 80 inches; brown (2.5Y 4/3) fine sandy

loam; massive; very friable; neutral (pH 6.8).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 24 to 38 inches

Depth to layers of contrasting texture: 24 to 40 inches

Depth to dominant chroma of 2: 10 to 20 inches

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay loam,

silty clay, or clay

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

2C horizon

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction— clay loam,

loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

Kurk Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Moderate in the upper part of the solum

and moderately slow in the lower part

Landform: Tributary stream terrace and near the head

of upland drainageways

Position on the landform: Slightly depressional areas

Parent material: Silty alluvium and loess

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils: Adler, Convent, Dekoven, and

Mhoon—on flood plains; Center and Routon—on

stream terraces
Fulton County, Kentucky 191

• Adler, Convent, Dekoven, and Mhoon soils do not

have argillic horizons

• Center soils are moderately well drained

• Routon soils are poorly drained

Taxonomic class: Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic

Aeric Epiaqualfs

Typical Pedon

Typical pedon of Kurk silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

on a smooth 1 percent slope in a cultivated field;

4,000 feet south of the intersection of Kentucky

Highway 94 and Little Bayou de Chien, 2.1 miles east

of Cayce; Crutchfield 7.5 minute USGS quadrangle;

east 1,047,100 feet and north 92,600 feet by the

Kentucky coordinate grid system.

Ap—0 to 8 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt

loam; weak medium granular structure; very

friable; common fine roots; common fine distinct

brown (7.5YR 4/3) masses of iron accumulation;

common medium distinct grayish brown (2.5Y

5/2) iron depletions; neutral (pH 7.0); abrupt

smooth boundary.

BE—8 to 15 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; weak

fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine

roots; few fine prominent light brownish gray

(2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions; few medium distinct

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron

accumulation; common prominent black (N 2.5/0)

iron-manganese stains and soft brown

concretions; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth

boundary.

Btg1—15 to 27 inches; 50 percent light brownish gray

(10YR 6/2) and 50 percent grayish brown (2.5Y

5/2) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular

blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common

distinct brown (7.5YR 5/2) clay skins in pores and

along faces of peds; many medium prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron

accumulation; common prominent black (N 2.5/0)

manganese stains and concretions; strongly acid

(pH 5.5); clear smooth boundary.

Btg2—27 to 42 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular

blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common

distinct brown (7.5YR 5/2) clay skins in pores and

along faces of peds; many medium prominent

strong brown (10YR 5/6) and common medium

prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) masses of iron

accumulation; common prominent black (N 2.5/0)

manganese stains and concretions; moderately

acid (pH 5.8); gradual smooth boundary.

Btg3—42 to 65 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt

loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; common faint gray (2.5Y 5/1) clay skins in

pores and along faces of peds; many medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of

iron accumulation; common prominent black

(N 2.5/0) manganese stains; slightly acid (pH

6.2); clear smooth boundary.

2BC—65 to 80 inches; 50 percent grayish brown

(2.5Y 5/2) and 50 percent yellowish brown (10YR

5/4) silt loam; weak coarse subangular blocky

structure; firm; many medium prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation;

few prominent black (N 2.5/0) manganese stains;

slightly acid (pH 6.5).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 60 to 80 inches or more

Depth to dominant chroma of 2 or less: 14 to 20

inches

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—slightly acid or neutral, unless limed

BE horizon (and Bw horizon where present):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—slightly acid or neutral, unless limed

Btg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—5 to 7

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty

clay loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and red

Reaction—strongly acid to neutral

2BC horizon (and 2C horizon where present):

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, silty

clay loam, or loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—strongly acid to slightly alkaline
192 Soil Survey

Loring Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and

moderately slow in the fragipan

Landform: Upland

Position on the landform: Ridgetops and side slopes

Parent material: Thick loess

Slope range: 0 to 20 percent

Associated soils: Calloway, Feliciana, Grenada, and

Memphis

• Calloway soils occur at a lower elevation and are

somewhat poorly drained

• Feliciana and Memphis soils are well drained and

do not have a fragipan

• Grenada soils occupy broader upland summits and

have a glossic horizon

Taxonomic class: Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic

Oxyaquic Fragiudalfs

Typical Pedon

Loring silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes (fig. 23), on a

slightly convex ridgetop with 3 percent slope in a

cultivated field; 1,900 feet south of the intersection of

Kentucky Highway 94 and Kentucky Highway 239 at

Cayce, then 300 feet east in the field; Cayce 7.5

minute USGS quadrangle; east 1,036,400 feet and

north 95,700 feet by the Kentucky coordinate grid

system.

Ap—0 to 9 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam;

moderate fine and medium granular structure;

very friable; many fine roots; moderately acid (pH

5.9); clear smooth boundary.

Bt1—9 to 21 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) silt

loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; common fine roots; few medium

distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron

accumulation; few faint brown (7.5YR 4/2) clay

skins on faces of peds; few prominent light

yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) clay depletions; few

prominent black (N 2.5/0) manganese or ironmanganese stains; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth

boundary.

Bt2—21 to 25 inches; 60 percent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/4) and 40 percent brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt

loam; moderate fine and medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; common fine roots;

common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

masses of iron accumulation; common fine

distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron

depletions; common distinct light yellowish brown

(2.5Y 6/3) clay depletions; few distinct brown

(7.5YR 5/2) clay skins on faces of peds; many

prominent black (N 2.5/0) iron-manganese stains

and concretions; moderately acid (pH 5.6); clear

wavy boundary.

Bt3—25 to 31 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silty clay

loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; firm; common fine roots; many medium

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of

iron accumulation; many fine distinct light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions;

common prominent light yellowish brown (2.5Y

6/3) clay depletions; few distinct brown (7.5YR

5/2) clay skins on faces of peds; common

prominent black (N 2.5/0) iron-manganese stains

and concretions; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); clear

smooth boundary.

Btx—31 to 46 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam;

weak coarse prismatic structure parting to

moderate medium subangular blocky; friable; very

few fine roots; few fine distinct strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) and many medium distinct light olive

brown (2.5Y 5/4) masses of iron accumulation;

common medium prominent light brownish gray

(10YR 6/2) iron depletions; common prominent

light gray (10YR 7/1) clay depletions; common

prominent black (N 2.5/0) iron-manganese stains

and concretions; slight brittleness in some peds;

strongly acid (pH 5.1); gradual smooth boundary.

Bx—46 to 80 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam;

weak medium prismatic structure; firm; few fine

distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and many

medium distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4)

masses of iron accumulation; common medium

prominent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron

depletions; few prominent light gray (10YR 7/1)

clay depletions; common prominent black

(N 2.5/0) iron-manganese stains and concretions;

slight brittleness in some peds; strongly acid (pH

5.5).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 60 to 80 inches or more

Depth to fragipan: 18 to 35 inches

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid,

unless limed

BA and BE horizons (where present):

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5
Fulton County, Kentucky 193

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid,

unless limed

Bt horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty

clay loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid,

unless limed

Btx horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid

Bx horizon (and BC and C horizons where present):

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid

Memphis Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landform: Upland (throughout the western half of

Fulton County)

Position on the landform: Ridgetops and side slopes

Parent material: Thick loess

Slope range: 0 to 50 percent

Associated soils: Grenada, Loring, and Natchez

• Grenada and Loring soils are moderately well

drained and have a fragipan

• Natchez soils occur in similar positions but do not

have an argillic horizon and are coarse-silty

Taxonomic class: Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic

Typic Hapludalfs

Typical Pedon

Memphis silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, on a slightly

convex ridgetop averaging 3 percent slope in a

meadow of fescue; 1.7 miles southeast of Hickman

along Kentucky Highway 125, approximately 2,500

feet southwest of the Hickman Country Club;

Hickman 7.5 minute USGS quadrangle; east

1,995,800 feet and north 95,750 feet by the Kentucky

coordinate grid system.

Ap—0 to 7 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak

fine granular structure; very friable; many fine

roots; slightly acid (pH 6.3); clear smooth

boundary.

Bt1—7 to 17 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) silt

loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; common fine roots; few distinct

brown (7.5YR 4/3) clay skins on faces of peds;

few prominent black (N 2.5/0) iron-manganese

oxide stains on faces of peds; strongly acid (pH

5.5); clear smooth boundary.

Bt2—17 to 31 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam;

weak coarse subangular blocky parting to

moderate medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; common fine roots; few faint brown

(7.5YR 4/3) clay skins on faces of peds; few

prominent pockets of pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay

depletions on faces of peds; few prominent black

(N 2.5/0) iron-manganese oxide stains on faces of

peds; moderately acid (pH 5.8); gradual smooth

boundary.

Bt3—31 to 61 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam;

weak coarse subangular blocky parting to

moderate medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; few fine roots; few faint brown (7.5YR 4/3)

clay skins on faces of peds; common prominent

pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay depletions on faces of

peds; few prominent black (N 2.5/0) ironmanganese oxide stains on faces of peds;

moderately acid (pH 6.0); gradual smooth

boundary.

BC—61 to 80 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam;

weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable;

few prominent light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3)

clay depletions on faces of peds; few prominent

black (N 2.5/0) manganese or iron-manganese

stains on faces of peds; slightly acid (pH 6.1).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 60 to 80 inches or more

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—strongly acid or moderately acid,

unless limed
194 Soil Survey

Bt horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty

clay loam

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid

BC horizon (and C horizon where present):

Hue—7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid

Mhoon Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained and very poorly

drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landform: Mississippi River flood plain and its

tributaries

Position on the landform: Depressional areas

Parent material: Silty alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils: Adler, Convent, Dekoven, Kurk, and

Routon

• Adler soils are moderately well drained

• Convent soils are somewhat poorly drained

• Dekoven soils have a mollic epipedon

• Kurk and Routon soils have an argillic horizon and

occur on nearby stream terraces

Taxonomic class: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive,

nonacid, thermic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts

Typical Pedon

Mhoon silt loam, in an area of Convent-Mhoon

complex, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded, on

a nearly level 1 percent slope in a cultivated field; 3.1

miles west of Cayce along Kentucky Highway 94,

then 1,300 feet southeast of the junction of Kentucky

Highway 94 and Roper School Road; Cayce 7.5

minute USGS quadrangle; east 1,019,200 feet and

north 99,800 feet by the Kentucky coordinate grid

system.

Ap1—0 to 5 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) silt

loam; weak medium granular structure; friable;

common fine roots; common medium distinct gray

(2.5Y 5/1) and grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron

depletions; common fine prominent dark brown

(7.5YR 3/3) masses of iron accumulation; slightly

acid (pH 6.5); clear smooth boundary.

Ap2—5 to 9 inches; 50 percent grayish brown (2.5Y

5/2) and 50 percent dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silt loam; weak medium granular structure; firm;

common fine roots; many medium faint gray (2.5Y

5/1) iron depletions; many fine prominent dark

brown (7.5YR 3/3) masses of iron accumulation;

common prominent black (N 2.5/0) ironmanganese oxide stains; neutral (pH 7.0); clear

smooth boundary.

Bg1—9 to 22 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silt loam;

weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm;

few fine roots; many fine and medium prominent

dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) masses of iron

accumulation; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth

boundary.

Bg2—22 to 33 inches; dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) silty clay

loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure;

many medium prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/3)

masses of iron accumulation; few distinct black

(N 2.5/0) iron-manganese oxide stains; neutral

(pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary.

Cg—33 to 80 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) silty clay loam;

massive; friable; common fine prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 4/6) and common medium

prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) masses of iron

accumulation; neutral (pH 6.8).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 20 to 50 inches

Depth to dominant chroma of 2 or less: Directly below

the surface layer

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown, red, and gray

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty

clay loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown, red, and gray

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline

Cg horizon (and BCg horizon where present):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2
Fulton County, Kentucky 195

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty

clay loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown, red, and gray

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline

Natchez Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landform: Loess bluff

Position on the landform: Very steep side slopes

Parent material: Thick loess

Slope range: 30 to 50 percent

Associated soils: Memphis

• Memphis soils have an argillic horizon and are finesilty

Taxonomic class: Coarse-silty, mixed, superactive,

thermic Typic Eutrudepts

Typical Pedon

Natchez silt loam, in an area of Memphis-Natchez

complex, 30 to 50 percent slopes, gullied, on a

wooded, east-facing side slope averaging 50 percent

slope and consisting of American beech, white ash,

yellow-poplar, and red maple; 1.8 miles southwest of

Brownsville along Kentucky Highway 925 in the

vicinity of Wilson Hill, 2,000 feet northwest of Beech

Grove Church; Hickman 7.5 minute quadrangle; east

973,000 feet and north 87,500 feet by the Kentucky

coordinate grid system.

A—0 to 3 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt

loam; weak fine and medium granular structure;

very friable; many fine roots; neutral (pH 7.3);

clear smooth boundary.

BA—3 to 8 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; weak medium granular structure; very

friable; common fine roots; neutral (pH 7.0); clear

smooth boundary.

Bw1—8 to 24 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt

loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; common fine roots; moderately acid (pH

5.8); clear smooth boundary.

Bw2—24 to 40 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; very few fine roots; few

prominent black

(N 2.5/0) iron-manganese oxide stains on faces of

peds; moderately acid (pH 6.0); gradual smooth

boundary.

BC—40 to 48 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt

loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; few distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay

depletions along faces of peds; few prominent

black (N 2.5/0) iron-manganese oxide stains on

faces of peds; moderately acid (pH 6.0); gradual

smooth boundary.

C—48 to 80 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt;

massive; friable; few distinct pale brown (10YR

6/3) clay depletions along faces of peds; neutral

(pH 6.6).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 20 to 48 inches

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—strongly acid to neutral

BA horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—strongly acid to neutral

Bw and BC horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Reaction—strongly acid to neutral

C horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt or silt loam

Reaction—neutral to moderately alkaline

Openlake Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Very slow

Landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

concave slackwater areas

Parent material: Clayey alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils: Bondurant, Bowdre, Commerce,

Keyespoint, Sharkey, and Tunica

• Bondurant soils have a mollic epipedon

• Bowdre soils have a mollic epipedon and contain a

loamy texture within 24 inches
196 Soil Survey

• Commerce soils contain less clay throughout and

are fine-silty

• Keyespoint soils have a loamy texture within 40

inches

• Sharkey and Tunica soils are poorly drained

Taxonomic class: Fine, smectitic, nonacid, thermic

Vertic Epiaquepts

Typical Pedon

Openlake silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

frequently flooded; 4 miles northeast of Hickman in

the Upper Bottom along Upper Bottom Road, 3,000

feet west-southwest of the second bridge over Obion

Creek among a mix of soybeans and pecan trees;

Hickman 7.5 minute quadrangle; east 999,300 feet

and north 122,000 feet by the Kentucky coordinate

grid system.

Ap1—0 to 3 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silty clay loam; weak medium granular

structure; friable; common fine roots; slightly

alkaline (pH 7.5); abrupt smooth boundary.

Ap2—3 to 6 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silty clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky

structure; firm; few fine roots; common fine

distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions; slightly

alkaline (pH 7.5); clear smooth boundary.

Bg1—6 to 17 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silty clay; weak coarse angular blocky structure

parting to moderate medium angular blocky; very

firm; few fine roots; many medium prominent gray

(10YR 5/1) iron depletions; common fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of

iron accumulation; common prominent black

(N 2.5/0) carbonaceous stains throughout from

old roots; common krotovinas; common pressure

faces; neutral (pH 7.0); gradual smooth boundary.

Bg2—17 to 36 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silty clay; weak coarse angular blocky structure

parting to moderate medium angular blocky; very

firm; very few fine roots; many medium distinct

gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions; many medium

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of

iron accumulation; common prominent black

(N 2.5/0) carbonaceous stains; common

krotovinas; common pressure faces; neutral (pH

6.8); gradual smooth boundary.

Bg3—36 to 51 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silty clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky

structure; firm; common pressure faces; many

medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions;

many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR

5/6) masses of iron accumulation; few krotovinas;

slightly acid (pH 6.5); gradual smooth boundary.

BCg—51 to 65 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silt loam; weak coarse subangular blocky

structure; friable; many medium distinct gray

(10YR 5/1) iron depletions; many medium

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of

iron accumulation; few krotovinas; neutral (pH

7.0); gradual smooth boundary

Cg—65 to 80 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) and grayish

brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt loam; massive; friable; many

medium distinct dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

iron depletions; many fine prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) and yellowish brown (10YR

5/4) masses of iron accumulation; neutral (pH

7.0).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 37 to 80 inches

Depth to dominant chroma of 2: 10 to 20 inches

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—strongly acid to moderately alkaline

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay loam,

silty clay, or clay

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—strongly acid to moderately alkaline

BCg and Cg horizons:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, silty

clay loam, or silty clay

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

Phillippy Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Slow in the upper clayey layers,

moderate in the subsoil, and moderately rapid to

rapid in the substratum
Fulton County, Kentucky 197

Landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Old natural levees and low

ridges

Parent material: Clayey alluvium over loamy alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Associated soils: Bardwell, Bondurant, Bowdre,

Commerce, Openlake, and Ware

• Bardwell soils are not clayey in the upper part and

are fine-silty

• Bondurant soils are at a lower elevation, are

somewhat poorly drained, and are clayey

• Bowdre soils are at a lower elevation and are

somewhat poorly drained

• Commerce soils are at a lower elevation, are

somewhat poorly drained, and are fine-silty

• Openlake soils are at a lower elevation, are

somewhat poorly drained, are clayey, and do not

have a mollic epipedon

• Ware soils are in similar positions, but are more

sandy throughout and are coarse-loamy

Taxonomic class: Clayey over loamy, smectitic over

mixed, superactive, thermic Oxyaquic Hapludolls

Typical Pedon

Phillippy silty clay loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes,

protected; 10.8 miles southwest of Hickman along

Kentucky Highway 94 in the Lower Bottom near Tyler,

0.85 mile west of the junction of Kentucky Highway 94

and Tyler Road, then 800 feet south of Tyler Road in

a cultivated field, 0.5 mile north of the KentuckyTennessee state line; Bondurant 7.5 minute USGS

quadrangle; east 937,700 feet and north 84,200 feet

by the Kentucky coordinate grid system.

Ap1—0 to 3 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR

4/2) dry; weak coarse granular and moderate fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine

roots; neutral (pH 6.9); clear smooth boundary.

Ap2—3 to 10 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR

4/2) dry; weak medium subangular blocky parting

to moderate fine subangular blocky structure;

firm; common fine roots; moderately acid (pH

6.0); clear smooth boundary.

A—10 to 19 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) silty clay,

dark grayish brown (10YR 4/3) dry; weak medium

subangular blocky parting to moderate fine

angular blocky structure; very firm; few fine roots;

common faint very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

coatings on faces of peds; few pressure faces;

moderately acid (pH 6.0); clear smooth boundary.

2Bw1—19 to 24 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam;

moderate medium subangular blocky structure;

firm; very few fine roots; few medium distinct

grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions on

surfaces along pores; few fine faint brown (7.5YR

4/3) masses of iron accumulation around

depletions; common faint very dark grayish brown

(10YR 3/2) coatings on faces of peds; moderately

acid (pH 5.9); clear smooth boundary.

2Bw2—24 to 29 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) very fine

sandy loam; moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; very friable; common medium

prominent gray (2.5Y 5/1) iron depletions on

surfaces along pores; few fine faint brown (7.5YR

4/3) masses of iron accumulation around

depletions; moderately acid (pH 5.7); clear

smooth boundary.

2BC—29 to 42 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sand;

weak medium granular structure; very friable;

moderately acid (pH 5.9); gradual smooth

boundary.

2C1—42 to 65 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sand;

single grain; loose; moderately acid (pH 5.9);

gradual smooth boundary

2C2—65 to 80 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) very fine

sandy loam; massive; very friable; common

medium prominent gray (2.5Y 5/1) iron

depletions; common medium distinct dark brown

(7.5YR 3/3) and common medium prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron

accumulation in matrix around depletions;

moderately acid (pH 5.9).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 24 to 48 inches

Depth to layers of contrasting texture: 18 to 36 inches

Thickness of mollic epipedon: 10 to 23 inches

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay loam

Reaction—moderately acid to slightly alkaline

A horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay, clay,

or silty clay loam

Reaction—strongly acid to slightly alkaline

2Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y
198 Soil Survey

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—clay loam,

loam, or very fine sandy loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—strongly acid to slightly alkaline

2BC horizon

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam, fine

sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, loamy fine

sand, or fine sand

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

2C horizon

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—fine sandy

loam, very fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loamy

fine sand, fine sand, or sand

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

Robinsonville Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Low ridges, old natural

levees, and higher areas on the flood plain

Parent material: Loamy alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Associated soils: Bardwell, Bondurant, Bowdre,

Commerce, Crevasse, and Ware

• Bardwell soils contain more clay and less sand

throughout and are fine-silty

• Bondurant soils are at a lower elevation and are

clayey throughout

• Bowdre soils occupy a lower elevation, are clayey in

the upper part, and are somewhat poorly drained

• Commerce soils are somewhat poorly drained and

are fine-silty

• Crevasse soils are more sandy throughout and are

excessively drained

• Ware soils have a mollic epipedon

Taxonomic class: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive,

nonacid, thermic Typic Udifluvents

Typical Pedon

Robinsonville fine sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded, in a nearly level cultivated field;

in Madrid Bend, 3,000 feet west-northwest of

Washpan Lake; New Madrid 7.5 minute USGS

quadrangle; east 896,200 feet and north 93,200 feet

by the Kentucky coordinate grid system.

Ap—0 to 5 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) fine sandy

loam; weak medium granular structure; very

friable; common fine roots; neutral (pH 7.0);

abrupt smooth boundary.

AC—5 to 14 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy

loam; weak medium granular structure; very

friable; few fine roots; neutral (pH 6.8); clear

smooth boundary.

C1—14 to 30 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy

loam; massive; very friable; very few fine roots;

neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary.

C2—30 to 60 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy

loam; massive; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0);

gradual smooth boundary.

C3—60 to 80 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) very fine

sandy loam; massive; moderately alkaline (pH

8.0).

Range in Characteristics

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—fine sandy loam

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline

AC horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam, very fine

sandy loam, fine sandy loam

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline

C horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—very fine sandy

loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loamy

fine sand

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline
Fulton County, Kentucky 199

Roellen Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Very slow

Landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

concave slackwater areas

Parent material: Clayey alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils: Bondurant, Bowdre, Commerce,

Keyespoint, Openlake, Sharkey, and Tunica

• Bondurant soils are somewhat poorly drained and

occur at a slightly higher elevation

• Bowdre soils are somewhat poorly drained and

contain a loamy texture within 2 feet

• Commerce soils contain less clay throughout and

are somewhat poorly drained

• Keyespoint soils are somewhat poorly drained and

have a loamy texture within 40 inches

• Openlake soils are somewhat poorly drained, do

not have a mollic epipedon, and occur at a slightly

higher elevation

• Sharkey and Tunica soils do not have a mollic

epipedon and occur in adjacent swales and

backswamps

Taxonomic class: Fine, smectitic, thermic

Fluvaquentic Vertic Epiaquolls

Typical Pedon

Roellen silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally

flooded; in the Lower Bottom, 1,100 feet northwest of

Midway Church in a cultivated field; Bondurant 7.5

minute USGS quadrangle; east 939,600 feet and

north 93,500 feet by the Kentucky coordinate grid

system.

Ap—0 to 5 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silty clay, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry;

weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm;

common fine roots; common medium distinct gray

(10YR 5/1) iron depletions; common fine distinct

dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of iron

accumulation; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth

boundary.

A—5 to 13 inches; very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2)

silty clay, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) dry;

moderate medium and coarse angular blocky

structure; very firm; common fine roots; common

medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions;

common fine distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/3)

masses of iron accumulation; neutral (pH 6.8);

clear smooth boundary.

Bg1—13 to 19 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay;

moderate medium and coarse angular blocky

structure; very firm; few fine roots; many medium

prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) and strong

brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation;

common pressure faces; neutral (pH 6.8); gradual

smooth boundary.

Bg2—19 to 42 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) clay; weak

coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm;

very few fine roots; common pressure faces;

many medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6)

and dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) masses of iron

accumulation; common pressure faces; slightly

alkaline (pH 7.5); gradual smooth boundary.

Cg—42 to 80 inches; gray (N 5/0) silty clay; massive;

very firm; many medium prominent dark reddish

brown (5YR 3/3) masses of iron accumulation;

slightly alkaline (pH 7.5).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 40 to 60 inches

Depth to dominant chroma of 2: Directly below the

surface layer

Ap and A horizons:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—neutral to moderately alkaline

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1; 2 if value is 5 or 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay or clay

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of red, brown, and gray

Reaction—slightly acid to moderately alkaline

Cg horizon

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay loam,

silty clay, or clay

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of red, brown, and gray

Reaction—neutral to moderately alkaline

Routon Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained
200 Soil Survey

Figure 23.—Profile of Loring silt loam. Loring soils have a

slowly permeable fragipan in the lower part of the profile.

Depth is marked in feet.

Figure 24.—Profile of Routon silt loam. Routon soils have a

depleted gray matrix within 10 inches of the surface due

to a seasonally high water table and are considered hydric

soils. Notice the prominent reddish brown iron oxide

concentrations at about 4 inches. Depth is marked in

inches.
Fulton County, Kentucky 201

Permeability: Slow

Landform: Stream terrace and upland

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

concave, depressional areas

Parent material: Silty alluvium and loess

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils: Calloway, Center, and Kurk—on

similar landforms; Convent, Dekoven, and

Mhoon—on adjacent flood plains

• Calloway soils are somewhat poorly drained and

have a fragipan

• Center soils are moderately well drained

• Convent and Mhoon soils do not have an argillic

horizon

• Dekoven soils have a mollic epipedon and do not

have an argillic horizon

• Kurk soils are somewhat poorly drained

Taxonomic class: Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic

Typic Epiaqualfs

Typical Pedon

Routon silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (fig. 24), in a

nearly level forest of shagbark hickory; 1.5 miles west

of Fulton along Kentucky Highway 166 (middle road),

then 0.5 mile south along Mount Carmel Road, then

1,400 feet east along a property line of scattered

trees; Crutchfield 7.5 minute quadrangle; east

1,068,100 feet and north 79,900 feet by the Kentucky

coordinate grid system.

A1—0 to 4 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt

loam; moderate medium granular structure; very

friable; many fine and few medium roots; common

medium prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses of

iron accumulation; common medium distinct gray

(10YR 5/1) and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron

depletions; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); clear

smooth boundary.

A2—4 to 8 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt

loam; moderate medium and coarse granular

structure; very friable; many fine and few medium

roots; many medium prominent brown (7.5YR

4/4) and reddish brown (5YR 4/4) masses of iron

accumulation; many medium and coarse faint

light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions;

very strongly acid (pH 5.0); abrupt smooth

boundary.

Eg—8 to 15 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) silt loam;

moderate fine and medium subangular blocky

structure; very friable; many fine and few medium

roots; common medium prominent brown (7.5YR

4/4) masses of iron accumulation; many medium

faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron

depletions; few prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/2)

manganese stains and nodules; very strongly

acid (pH 4.9); abrupt smooth boundary.

Btg1—15 to 27 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2)

silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; common fine and few medium

roots; common medium prominent brown (7.5YR

4/4) masses of iron accumulation; common

distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay skins on

ped faces; common faint gray (10YR 6/1) clay

depletions, light gray (N 7/0 dry); few prominent

dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) manganese stains and

nodules; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); gradual

smooth boundary.

Btg2—27 to 48 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2)

silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; few fine roots; common fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and few

coarse prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses

of iron accumulation; common distinct gray

(7.5YR 5/1) clay skins on ped faces; few

prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) manganese

stains and nodules; very strongly acid (pH 4.8);

clear smooth boundary.

BCg—48 to 60 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2)

silt loam; weak medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium subangular blocky;

firm; very few fine roots; common medium

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and many

coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

and yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron

accumulation; common prominent black (N 2.5/0)

manganese stains; strongly acid (pH 5.1); clear

smooth boundary.

C—60 to 80 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; massive; firm; common medium distinct

light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions;

few fine distinct (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron

accumulation; common prominent black (N 2.5/0)

manganese stains; strongly acid (pH 5.5).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 40 to 65 inches

Depth to dominant chroma of 2 or less: 0 to 10 inches

A or Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid,

unless limed
202 Soil Survey

Eg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—6 or 7

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt or silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid,

unless limed

Btg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—5 to 7

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty

clay loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and red

Reaction—very strongly acid to moderately acid

BCg horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown, red, and gray

Reaction—strongly acid or moderately acid

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—strongly acid or moderately acid

Sharkey Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Very slow

Landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Concave swales and

backswamps

Parent material: Clayey alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils: Bondurant, Bowdre, Commerce,

Keyespoint, Openlake, Roellen, and Tunica

• Bondurant soils occur at a higher elevation on the

flood plain, have a mollic epipedon, and are

somewhat poorly drained

• Bowdre soils occur at a higher elevation on the

flood plain, contain a loamy texture within 2 feet, have

a mollic epipedon, and are somewhat poorly drained

• Commerce soils occur at a higher elevation on the

flood plain, contain less clay throughout, and are

somewhat poorly drained

• Keyespoint soils occur at a higher elevation on the

flood plain, have a loamy texture within 40 inches,

and are somewhat poorly drained

• Openlake soils occur at a higher elevation on the

flood plain and are somewhat poorly drained

• Roellen soils occur at a higher elevation on the

flood plain and have a mollic epipedon

• Tunica soils have a loamy texture within 3 feet

Taxonomic class: Very-fine, smectitic, thermic

Chromic Epiaquerts

Typical Pedon

Sharkey silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently

flooded; in the Upper Bottom 2 miles northeast of

Hickman in the Obion Creek Wildlife Management

Area, 1 mile east of the junction of Upper Bottom

Road and Salmon Lane, then 700 feet north of

Salmon Lane; Hickman 7.5 minute quadrangle; east

1,003,300 feet and north 114,500 feet by the

Kentucky coordinate grid system.

Ap—0 to 5 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silty clay; weak medium subangular blocky

structure; firm; common fine roots; common

medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions;

common fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) masses of iron accumulation; neutral (pH

6.8); clear smooth boundary.

Bg1—5 to 17 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) silty clay;

moderate coarse subangular blocky structure;

very firm; few fine roots; common pressure faces;

many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron

accumulation; neutral (pH 6.8); gradual smooth

boundary.

Bg2—17 to 36 inches; gray (N 5/0) silty clay; weak

coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm;

very few fine roots; common pressure faces;

many medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6)

and (5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation;

slightly alkaline (pH 7.5); gradual smooth

boundary.

Cg—36 to 80 inches; gray (N 5/0) silty clay; massive;

very firm; common pressure faces; many medium

prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

masses of iron accumulation; slightly alkaline (pH

7.5).
Fulton County, Kentucky 203

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 36 to 70 inches

Depth to dominant chroma of 2: Directly below the

surface layer

A or Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1; 2 if value is greater than 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay or clay

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of red, brown, and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

Cg horizon

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay or clay

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of red, brown, and gray

Reaction—neutral to moderately alkaline

The Sharkey soils in Fulton County are taxadjuncts

to the Sharkey series because they have less than 60

percent clay content (weighted average) in the

particle-size control section. This difference, however,

does not affect the use and management of the soils.

In this survey area, the Sharkey soils classify as fine,

smectitic, nonacid, thermic Vertic Epiaquepts.

Tunica Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Very slow in the upper clayey layers and

moderate in the lower loamy layers

Landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

concave slackwater areas

Parent material: Clayey alluvium over loamy alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils: Bondurant, Bowdre, Commerce,

Keyespoint, Openlake, and Sharkey

• Bondurant soils have a mollic epipedon, are

somewhat poorly drained, and are clayey throughout

the particle-size control section

• Bowdre soils have a mollic epipedon and are

somewhat poorly drained

• Commerce soils contain less clay throughout and

are fine-silty

• Keyespoint soils are somewhat poorly drained

• Openlake soils are somewhat poorly drained and

clayey throughout the particle-size control section

• Sharkey soils are clayey throughout the particlesize control section

Taxonomic class: Clayey over loamy, smectitic over

mixed, superactive, nonacid, thermic Vertic

Epiaquepts

Typical Pedon

Tunica silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently

flooded; in the Upper Bottom 2 miles north of

Hickman along Upper Bottom Road, then 2.3 miles

east along Salmon Lane in a Sycamore plantation

within the Obion Creek Wildlife Management Area;

Hickman 7.5 minute quadrangle; east 1,008,300 feet

and north 116,100 feet by the Kentucky coordinate

grid system.

A—0 to 8 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty

clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure;

firm; common fine roots; common medium distinct

gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions; common fine

distinct (7.5YR 3/2) masses of iron accumulation;

slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear smooth boundary.

Bg1—8 to 22 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) silty clay; weak

coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm;

common fine roots; common pressure faces;

many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/6) masses of iron accumulation; few prominent

black (N 2.5/0) manganese or iron-manganese

stains and concretions throughout; slightly acid

(pH 6.5); gradual smooth boundary.

Bg2—22 to 33 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) silty clay loam;

weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting

to moderate medium angular blocky; firm; few fine

roots; many medium prominent dark grayish

brown (10YR 4/2) masses of iron accumulation;

few prominent black (N 2.5/0) manganese or ironmanganese stains and concretions throughout;

slightly acid (pH 6.5); gradual smooth boundary.

2Bg3—33 to 40 inches; 60 percent gray (10YR 5/1)

and 40 percent dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt

loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure;

firm; very few fine roots; common medium distinct

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron

accumulation; few prominent black (N 2.5/0)

manganese or iron-manganese stains and
204 Soil Survey

concretions throughout; slightly acid (pH 6.5);

clear smooth boundary.

2BCg—40 to 48 inches; gray (2.5Y 6/1) loam; weak

coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; very

few fine roots; common medium prominent brown

(7.5YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulation; few

prominent black (N 2.5/0) manganese or ironmanganese stains and concretions throughout;

slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear smooth boundary.

2C—48 to 80 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) sandy loam;

massive; very friable; slightly acid (pH 6.5).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 24 to 38 inches

Depth to layers of contrasting texture: 20 to 36 inches

Depth to dominant chroma of 2: Directly below the

surface layer

A or Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to slightly alkaline

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay loam,

silty clay, or clay

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to slightly alkaline

2Bg and 2BCg horizons:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—clay loam, silt

loam, loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to slightly alkaline

2C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam, fine

sandy loam, sandy loam, or loamy fine sand

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown and gray

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

Udorthents

See map unit description

Ware Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landform: Mississippi River flood plain

Position on the landform: Low ridges, old natural

levees, and higher areas on the flood plain

Parent material: Loamy alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils: Bardwell, Bondurant, Bowdre,

Commerce, Crevasse, Phillippy, and

Robinsonville

• Bardwell soils contain more clay and less sand

throughout and are fine-silty

• Bondurant soils are at a lower elevation and formed

in clayey alluvium in the upper 4 feet

• Bowdre soils occupy a lower elevation, are clayey in

the upper part, and are somewhat poorly drained

• Commerce soils are somewhat poorly drained and

do not have a mollic epipedon

• Crevasse soils do not have a mollic epipedon, are

more sandy throughout, and are excessively drained

• Phillippy soils occupy similar positions but are

clayey in the upper part

• Robinsonville soils do not have a mollic epipedon

Taxonomic class: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active,

thermic Fluventic Hapludolls

Typical Pedon

Ware loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, protected, in a

nearly level cultivated field; 7.6 miles west of Hickman

along Kentucky Highway 94 in the Lower Bottom, 0.7

mile along Kentucky Highway 971 west of the junction

of Kentucky Highway 94 and Kentucky Highway 971

at Sassafras Ridge, then about 750 feet south into a

cultivated field; Bondurant 7.5 minute USGS

quadrangle; east 945,600 feet and north 99,400 feet

by the Kentucky coordinate grid system.

Ap1—0 to 6 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry;

moderate medium granular structure; very friable;

many fine roots; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth

boundary.

Ap2—6 to 15 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam,

dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; moderate

medium granular structure; very friable; common

fine roots; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth

boundary.
Fulton County, Kentucky 205

Bw1—15 to 26 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy

loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky

structure; very friable; few fine roots; neutral (pH

7.0); clear smooth boundary.

Bw2—26 to 30 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) very fine sandy loam; weak fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; very friable; very few

fine roots; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth

boundary.

C1—30 to 54 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy

loam with stratified lenses of brown (10YR 4/3)

very fine sandy loam; massive; very friable;

neutral (pH 7.0); gradual smooth boundary.

C2—54 to 80 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) and (10YR

5/3) fine sandy loam; massive; very friable;

neutral (pH 7.0).

Range in Characteristics

Solum thickness: 15 to 30 inches

Thickness of mollic epipedon: 10 to 22 inches

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam, silt loam,

or silty clay loam

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam, very fine

sandy loam, fine sandy loam

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

C horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—very fine sandy

loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loamy fine

sand, or sand

Reaction—moderately acid to moderately alkaline

Waverly Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landform: Flood plain (in the easternmost part of the

county)

Position on the landform: Nearly level to slightly

concave depressions

Parent material: Silty alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Associated soils: Collins and Falaya

• Collins soils are moderately well drained

• Falaya soils are somewhat poorly drained

Taxonomic class: Coarse-silty, mixed, active, acid,

thermic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts

Typical Pedon

Waverly silt loam, in an area of Falaya-Waverly

complex, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded,

on a nearly level 1 percent slope in a cultivated field;

2,700 feet northeast of the intersection of the

Purchase Parkway and Kentucky Highway 307, on

the east side of Harris Fork Creek; Water Valley 7.5

minute quadrangle; east 1,085,200 feet and north

84,200 feet by the Kentucky coordinate grid system.

Ap1—0 to 5 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam; weak

medium granular structure; very friable; common

fine roots; many coarse distinct gray (10YR 5/1)

iron depletions; common fine prominent yellowish

red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation;

common prominent black (N 2.5/0) manganese

stains; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Ap2—5 to 10 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt

loam; weak medium granular structure; very

friable; few fine roots; common medium distinct

gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions; many fine

prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron

accumulation; many prominent black (N 2.5/0)

manganese stains; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bg—10 to 27 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2)

silt loam; weak coarse subangular blocky

structure; friable; many medium distinct dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and many fine

prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron

accumulation; many prominent black (N 2.5/0)

manganese stains; strongly acid; gradual smooth

boundary.

BCg—27 to 54 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) silt loam;

massive parting to weak coarse subangular

blocky structure; friable; many medium prominent

yellowish red (5YR 4/6) and red (2.5YR 4/6)

masses of iron accumulation; many prominent

black (N 2.5/0) manganese stains; strongly acid;

gradual smooth boundary.

Cg—54 to 80 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) silt loam;

massive; friable; many medium prominent

yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron

accumulation; many prominent black (N 2.5/0)

and dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) weakly cemented

iron-manganese concretions; strongly acid.
206

Range in Characteristics

Depth to dominant chroma of 2 or less: Directly below

the surface layer

A or Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown, red, and gray

Reaction—very strongly acid or strongly acid,

unless limed

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—6 or 7

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silt

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown, red, yellow, and black

Reaction—very strongly acid or strongly acid

BCg and Cg horizons:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—5 to 7

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silt

Redoximorphic concentrations and depletions—

shades of brown, red, yellow, and black

Reaction—very strongly acid or strongly acid
207

Soils are natural bodies on the earth’s surface that

exhibit unique features and properties. Many soil

properties can be measured in laboratories. Other

properties, such as depth to a seasonal water table,

can only be measured or observed in the field. Soils

form as certain horizons, or layers, and develop in

weathered parent material. Soil formation is

determined by the interaction of topography, climate,

and living organisms over a period of time.

This section relates the soils in Fulton County to the

major factors of soil formation, explains the processes

of horizon differentiation, and describes the geology,

geomorphic, and soil relationships.

Factors of Soil Formation

The characteristics of a soil depend on the physical

and chemical composition of the parent material as

influenced by climate, topography, living organisms,

and time. All five factors are active in the formation of

every soil, but the relative importance of each factor

can differ from one soil to another (Yaalon, 1983). In

some areas, one factor may have a greater influence

on the development of certain soil characteristics, and

in other areas, another factor may dominate. The five

factors and how they interact to produce the soils in

Fulton County are described in the following

paragraphs.

Parent Material

Parent material is the unconsolidated mass in

which a soil forms. It is a product of the weathering or

decomposition of underlying bedrock or transported

materials. Parent material influences the chemical,

mineral, and textural composition of the soil. In the

early stages of soil formation, a soil has properties

similar to that of the parent material. As weathering

takes place, these properties are modified and each

soil develops its own characteristics. Grenada and

Openlake soils illustrate how the mineral and textural

composition is determined by the parent material.

Grenada soils formed in thick, silty loess containing

appreciable amounts of mixed, micaceous minerals

(Bailey, Blevins, and Barnhisel, 1972). Openlake soils

formed in clayey, slackwater alluvial sediments

deposited by the Mississippi River and are dominated

by 2:1 expanding clay minerals. These soils form wide

cracks in the upper part upon drying out in late

summer and early fall months. Grenada soils have

mixed mineralogy and are fine-silty. Openlake soils

have smectitic mineralogy and are in a fine textural

family.

Parent material can be weathered in place, or it can

be transported and deposited by water, wind, gravity,

or ice. Nearly all the soils in the survey area

weathered from parent materials deposited by wind

and/or water.

Wind-transported material, or loess, is dominant on

the uplands. Soils forming in loess parent material are

high in silt and very low in sand-size particles.

Examples are the Calloway, Feliciana, Grenada,

Loring, and Memphis soils. These soils generally

contain more than 65 percent silt and less than 10

percent sand to a depth of 4 feet or more (fig. 25).

Two sources of water-deposited parent material, or

alluvium, occur on the flood plains. Soils in the Upper

Bottom, Lower Bottom, Island Number 8, and Madrid

Bend formed from alluvium deposited by the

Mississippi River. Soils in the Mississippi River flood

plain span the range of soil textures (sandy to clayey)

and internal drainage (excessively drained to poorly

drained) depending on their geomorphic landscape

position. The highest areas on the flood plain are

natural levees consisting of sandy or coarse-loamy,

excessively drained and well drained soils. The lowest

areas on the flood plain are swales and backswamps

dominated by poorly drained or somewhat poorly

drained soils having formed in clayey, slackwater

alluvium. Over time, as the river changed course and

migrated, clayey sediments have been deposited over

the older natural levees producing soils such as

Bowdre, Keyespoint, Phillippy, and Tunica, which are

clayey in the upper 1.5 to 3 feet with loamy layers

underneath.

Alluvium in the valleys draining the loess uplands

contain soils having certain physical characteristics

indicative of the source of the alluvium. Soils along the

creeks and streams from Hickman to Fulton have high

silt content and contain mixed mineralogy similar to

Formation of the Soils
208 Soil Survey

the soils on the loess uplands. Soils such as Collins,

Falaya, and Waverly are examples of soils formed in

recent stream alluvium.

Older alluvial deposits in the loess valleys occur at

elevations slightly higher than the present-day flood

plain. Soils occurring on these higher positions, or

stream terraces, contain more clay in the subsoil and

exhibit greater morphological development than those

formed in more recent alluvium. Center, Kurk, and

Routon soils are on stream terraces and formed in

older alluvial sediments.

Topography

Topography relates to the variations of the land

surface, or topography is better understood as “the lay

of the land.” Topographic components, such as relief,

slope, landform, and aspect, influence or modify the

effects of the other soil-forming factors. The gradient,

shape, and length of slope directly influence the rate

of water infiltration and runoff.

The topography of Fulton County is highly variable.

Most of the loess uplands are characterized as having

gently sloping to sloping topography. With adequate

surface cover, water infiltrates the soil surface and

moves downward through the soil to cause leaching of

soluble minerals and the translocation of clay

throughout the subsoil. In many areas of the county,

free water moving downward through the soil is

restricted at depths ranging from about 2 to 3 feet.

This water often becomes perched for days or weeks

above a relatively impermeable fragipan. An example

is the Calloway soils, which are considered somewhat

poorly drained.

On steeper areas, such as occurs around the

Brownsville area, water tends to move more laterally

than vertically through the soil. This lateral movement

is facilitated by increases in bulk density within the

soil, thus retarding downward movement of water by

gravity. Soils occurring on steeper areas, such as

Memphis and Natchez soils, generally have a brown

subsoil that contain little, if any, gray color and are

considered to be naturally well drained.

Nearly level, slightly concave areas receive water

from higher, surrounding landscapes with the water

moving vertically and, in most cases, slowly through

the soil. These soils are saturated during much of the

year when plants are dormant. The excessive wetness

inhibits oxidation processes within the soil and

produces a gray, mottled subsoil due to the reduction

and transfer of iron. The Falaya, Routon, and Waverly

soils are examples.

The topography of the Mississippi River flood plain

is primarily characterized as a series of alternating low

ridges and swales with broad, nearly level plains in

between. This pattern is a result of floodwaters

scouring and removing materials within small areas

and depositing them in adjacent areas. Local

differences in topographic elevation are slight,

generally less than 10 feet.

Figure 25.—Comparison of sand and silt content in deep loess upland soils. This data is from the Feliciana soil series.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

0 20 40 60 80 100

Percentage of Particle Size Separate

Depth (inches)

 Sand

 Silt
Fulton County, Kentucky 209

The influence of topography on soil genesis has

been largely that of soil drainage and water table

depth and duration. Higher elevations, such as natural

levees, generally remain above the static groundwater table, therefore maintaining an aerobic

environment throughout most of the year. As a result,

the soils have high chroma colors in the upper 4 feet

of the soil profile, indicative of well oxidized conditions.

Soils such as Crevasse, Robinsonville, and Ware are

commonly found on such landscape positions.

Depressional areas of lower elevation receive

runoff water from adjacent natural levees. In addition,

in winter and early spring during periods of high

antecedent moisture conditions, the ground-water

table rises close to the surface, oftentimes maintaining

a shallow depth for an extended period of time.

Soluble products of plant decomposition in the

presence of free water cause reduction and solution of

iron oxides in the soil. During the summer and fall

months, the water table recedes below the solum.

These alternating drying and wetting cycles produce

soils with a virtually iron-free gray color below the

surface layer along with scattered bright colors of

reoxidized iron. Soils such as Sharkey and Tunica are

commonly found in such areas.

Climate

Climatic factors, namely temperature and

precipitation, affect the physical, chemical, and

biological properties of soils. Climate affects the kind

and number of plants and animals on and in the soil,

the weathering of rocks and minerals, the

susceptibility of the soils to erosion, and the rate of soil

formation. Its effect on such factors as erosion and

deposition has an influence upon the relief of an area

and the degree of profile development within the soil.

The climate in Fulton County is temperate and

humid. Table 1 gives data on temperature and

precipitation in Fulton County. During winter, the

average temperature is about 37 degrees F, with an

average daily minimum temperature of 27.5

degrees F. In summer, the average temperature is

about 77 degrees F, and the average daily maximum

temperature is about 88 degrees F. Periods of

extremely low or high temperature are short. Because

the climate is relatively uniform throughout the county,

the differences among the soils within the survey area

are the result of other factors. The average annual

precipitation is nearly 52 inches. The precipitation is

fairly well distributed throughout the year.

The area’s humid, temperate climate fosters

geologic weathering and subsequent soil

development. On the loess uplands, the abundant

moisture leaches soluble bases such as calcium and

magnesium from the soil, resulting in a typically acid

subsoil. Water also carries clay minerals from the

surface layer into the subsoil; therefore, most soils

have a higher content of clay in the subsoil than in the

surface layer. Upland soils such as Calloway,

Feliciana, Grenada, Loring, and Memphis all exhibit

such characteristics within their respective soil profile.

Figure 26.—Uniformity of clay content and pH with depth in Sharkey soils.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

20 30 40 50 60

Clay Content (PCT)

Depth (inches)

2468

pH

Clay

pH
210 Soil Survey

On the Mississippi River flood plain, annual

floodwaters and/or a high ground-water table during

parts of the year enrich the soil profile with soluble

bases such as calcium and magnesium. On areas not

protected by levees, annual flooding continues to

deposit finer sediments in depressional areas that are

distant from the river channel. Conversely, coarsetextured sediments are deposited on natural levees

and onto the flood plain during turbulent, high velocity

flood events. This periodic renewal with fresh

sediments prevents the soils on most of the

Mississippi River flood plain from ever reaching

steady-state conditions, thereby limiting the amount of

weathering and subsequent profile development. In

fact, the clay content within soils such as Crevasse,

Openlake, Robinsonville, Roellen, and Sharkey varies

only marginally between about 1 foot and a depth of 4

feet (fig. 26).

Living Organisms

Plants affect soil formation primarily by adding

organic matter and acting as a major link in nutrient

cycling. Animals, bacteria, and fungi contribute to soil

formation by converting the remains of plants to

organic matter and plant nutrients. Small animals,

such as earthworms, grubs, and insects, live in or on

the soil and play a significant role in altering soil

structure. Larger animals, such as moles, mice,

groundhogs, and crawfish, burrow through and mix the

soil. Crawfish tunnels are very common on Routon

and Waverly soils.

Trees and other plants transport plant nutrients

from the lower part of the soil to the upper part. They

also add organic matter via decomposition of plant

residue, provide a protective cover that reduces

erosion, and influence soil temperature and moisture

conditions. The organic matter added by both plants

and animals alters the chemical processes in the soil

and forms humus. The decay of this matter releases

acids that accelerate weathering processes within the

soil.

Human activity has affected soil formation by

clearing woodland, draining wet areas, plowing, and

creating levees to prevent flooding. Traditional

agricultural cultivation practices of previous decades

resulted in accelerated erosion on many sloping and

moderately steep upland areas. On many of these

areas, the original surface layer has been eroded and

deposited on flood plains or carried into streams

causing increased siltation. Accelerated erosion of

loess uplands has been the dominant factor behind

the development of severely eroded phases of such

soils as Grenada, Loring, and Memphis.

On many bottomland areas, man has leveled and

graded the soil and cut ditches to improve drainage

and agricultural production. Other areas within the

county have been excavated and filled for road

construction and urban/industrial development.

Udorthents formed in urban areas where the natural

soil has been disturbed.

Time

Time is needed for climate, living organisms, and

topography to act upon the parent material and form a

soil. In terms of soil formation, time is considered a

relative rather than absolute variable. The age of a soil

is determined by the relative degree of profile

development rather than the number of years the soil

has been subject to the soil-forming processes. A soil

is considered to be old or “mature” if it has distinct,

well expressed horizons. Conversely, a soil is

considered young if individual soil horizons are

indistinguishable or weakly expressed.

Geologically, soils on the Mississippi River flood

plain are young. In addition, areas of the flood plain

not protected by levees continue to receive fresh

sediments nearly annually due to flood events.

Soils such as Crevasse and Robinsonville maintain

characteristics quite similar to the parent material in

which they formed and have not yet developed

diagnostic subsurface horizons. These soils occur in

areas where floodwaters first leave the channel, thus

developing in coarse-textured alluvium recently

deposited by the river. Because these soils

periodically receive new depositional material, they

have not remained in place long enough to develop

well expressed soil horizons below the surface layer.

Distinct soil horizons will develop if little or no

additional sediments are deposited. The weathering

process causes some of the finer material in the

surface layer to move into the subsoil, thus altering the

color, texture, and structure of the subsoil. Center and

Kurk soils are examples of older, intermediate age

soils that have formed in alluvium on stable stream

terraces of loess uplands that no longer receive

frequent deposition of new materials.

The oldest soils in the survey area occur on loess

uplands, having soil profiles with distinct, well

expressed horizons. Feliciana and Grenada soils have

been in place and subjected to the influence of plants,

animals, and climate long enough to acquire distinct

profile characteristics. These soils have distinct or

prominent clay films within the subsoil due to the finer

clay particles being translocated from the uppermost

surface horizons. Most of the soluble bases have

been leached downward through the soil profile,
Fulton County, Kentucky 211

resulting in a naturally acid subsoil. Soils exhibiting

such characteristics are considered mature.

Processes of Horizon

Differentiation

Soil horizons form as parent material weathers.

These horizons are discernible by such soil properties

as color, structure, texture, and consistence. “Soil

Taxonomy” identifies certain soil horizons or diagnostic

features used in the classification system (Soil Survey

Staff 1998 and 1999). Some of the more prominent

pedogenic processes and diagnostic features

commonly found in the soils within the survey area are

described in this section.

Most soils within the survey area have three major

horizons—A, B, and C.

The A horizon is the dark surface layer enriched

with humus, or organic matter. If undisturbed, it has a

loose, granular structure. A surface layer that has

been disturbed by plowing or disking is called an Ap

horizon.

The B horizon, or subsoil, lies below the A horizon.

It is characterized by the maximum accumulation of

dissolved or suspended material, such as iron and

clay. It generally has blocky structure and is firmer

than the overlying A horizon. Very young soils, such as

Crevasse and Robinsonville soils, do not have a B

horizon.

Below the B horizon is the C horizon, which is little

affected by the soil-forming processes but can be

highly modified by geologic weathering.

Some organic matter has accumulated in all the

soils within the survey area. Moderate to high amounts

of organic matter occur in the surface layer of soils on

flood plains. Many areas on the Mississippi River flood

plain contain soils having thick, very dark surface

layers, thus resulting in the formation of a mollic

epipedon. These soils are rich in bases and have

moderate to high base saturation. The more sloping

portions of the uplands contain low amounts of organic

matter. In most soils, the organic matter content

decreases sharply from the surface layer to the

subsoil.

The size of particles in soils ranges from sand to

very small clay minerals. Some of the clay particles

form via weathering of larger particles, but most of the

differences among the soils in the survey area are

attributed to differences among varying parent

materials. The smaller particles, particularly the clay

fraction, are subject to redistribution within the soil

profile. As water moves vertically through the soil, clay

particles are removed from the A horizon and

deposited as clay films in the subsoil. This leads to the

development of an argillic diagnostic subsoil horizon.

Most of the soils occurring on loess uplands and

stream terraces within the survey area have well

expressed argillic horizons. The better expressed

argillic horizons occur in the Center, Feliciana, and

Loring soils.

Soils having the highest clay content throughout the

soil profile occur at a low elevation, such as

slackwater areas of the Mississippi River flood plain.

These areas are far from the present-day river

channel and flood almost annually due to backwater

when the river is at flood stage. Floodwater from this

type of event is low velocity, laminar flow carrying the

finest particles capable of remaining in suspension.

Therefore, these soils have very high clay content

throughout, but the clay in these soils is a result of

depositional sediment (i.e., parent material) rather

than pedogenic weathering. The clay fraction of these

soils is dominated by 2:1 minerals, primarily smectite,

which causes them to swell upon wetting and crack

upon drying. Soils exhibiting such features are said to

have vertic properties. These soils form wide cracks in

the upper part upon drying out in late summer and

early fall months (see fig. 18, page 171). Soils such as

Bondurant, Openlake, and Sharkey are examples.

A fragipan layer, or layers containing fragic

properties, occurs within the subsoil of many nearly

level to sloping soils on uplands. The fragipan is a

diagnostic subsoil horizon that is dense, compact, and

slowly permeable to vertical water movement. It

contains bleached fracture planes that form

“honeycomb-shaped” polygons when observed in plan

view. The brown soil material between the bleached

polygons is virtually impermeable to vertical water

movement. The strength of the fragipan varies

throughout the survey area.

Upland areas west of Little Bayou de Chien have

appreciably weaker fragipan horizons than those

areas east of Little Bayou de Chien. Therefore, in the

western portion of the county, the fragipan is not

nearly as root restrictive or impervious to vertical

water movement as compared to the fragipan

horizons occurring in the eastern portion of the county.

In terms of individual soils, the fragipan is rather weak

in Loring soils, having a slightly restrictive effect on

vertical water movement and root growth. The

fragipan in Calloway and Grenada soils is more

compact with a higher proportion of brittle peds, thus

appearing more restrictive than the fragipan in the

Loring soils. In addition, pedogenic processes have

stripped clay and iron from areas within the upper part

of the argillic or fragipan layer(s) of Calloway and

Grenada soils, leaving wide bleached (i.e., white)
212 Soil Survey

“tongues” between prisms in the upper part of the

fragipan. This has resulted in the development of

glossic horizons in these soils.

Soils that are saturated for long periods have a

matrix color of various shades of gray that is often

speckled with brown, red, or orange mottles. These

features are considered redoximorphic features.

Gleying is the process that yields the gray colors. It is

caused by a combination of excessive wetness and a

corresponding low content of dissolved oxygen. The

gray color represents an area where iron has been

reduced from Fe3+ to Fe2+ and has been depleted. The

brown, red, and orange speckled colors are areas

where iron has reoxidized and accumulated during

occasional periods when the soil dries out. Quite

commonly, black stains, nodules, or concretions of

iron and/or manganese oxides form as a result of

these oxidation-reduction processes. Mhoon, Routon,

and Waverly soils have a gray or light brownish gray,

mottled subsoil as a result of gleying. Unless drained,

these soils have aquic conditions in the upper part and

are saturated for a good portion of the winter and early

spring months due to a high ground-water table.

During the summer and early fall, however, the water

table recedes and the soils dry out.

Geology, Geomorphic, and Soil

Relationships

Fulton County is in the southwest corner of

Kentucky’s Jackson Purchase Physiographic Region.

This region stretches from the Tennessee River

(Kentucky Lake) westward to the Mississippi River

and is bounded on the north by the Ohio River and to

the south by the state of Tennessee. The region

represents the northernmost tip of the Gulf Coast

embayment area, a down-warped basin of Paleozoic

rocks filled in upward succession with unconsolidated

Cretaceous, Tertiary, and Quaternary age sediments

(fig. 27).

These sediments were deposited when the Gulf of

Mexico extended as far north as the southern tip of

Illinois, just north of the present-day Ohio River.

Sediments consisting primarily of sands, silts, clays,

and gravel were deposited on top of consolidated

Paleozoic rocks ranging in age from Mississippian in

the eastern and northeastern periphery of the region

to Ordovician in the southwest (Olive, 1972). The

eroded bedrock floor of the basin and the overlying

sediments dip gently to the west, from the periphery of

the embayment along the western edge of Kentucky

Lake toward the embayment’s axis which roughly

parallels the Mississippi River. In Fulton County, the

depth to bedrock ranges from about 1,650 to 1,700 feet

below the surface along the eastern portion of the

county between Fulton and Crutchfield to between

2,000 to 2,200 feet in depth along the loess bluff

ridgetops between Brownsville and Hickman.

The survey area is part of one of the most

seismically active areas in the United States—the

New Madrid seismic zone. This zone zigzags

northeasterly from Marked Tree, Arkansas, to Cairo,

Illinois. Three of the most powerful earthquakes in

U.S. history occurred in this area during the winter of

1811-1812 (fig. 28). It is estimated the three

earthquakes were of magnitude 7.5 or greater on the

Richter scale, in addition to the hundreds of

aftershocks that followed. New Madrid, Missouri,

which bore the brunt of the seismic shocks during this

event, and for which the seismic region is named, is

located just across the Mississippi River from the

Madrid Bend portion of Fulton County. Reelfoot Lake,

whose wildlife management area’s northern reach

extends into Fulton County, formed as a result of local

uplifting and subsidence produced from these

powerful earthquakes. The geological makeup of the

former embayment, namely loose unconsolidated

sediments, would do little to thwart the ground motion

of resulting seismic waves should an earthquake of

similar magnitude occur today.

In most of the Jackson Purchase region, strata of

Eocene age and older are mostly concealed by

alluvium, loess, and continental deposits, which are

composed of gravel, sand, and clay. The following

paragraphs discuss the surficial geological deposits

within the survey area and the soils commonly

associated with each one.

Loess

Loess, derived from the German Löss meaning

loose, occurs as a surficial blanket capping most of

the uplands in the survey area. It consists of

windblown deposits, mostly quartz silt, of varying

thickness whose likely source was “glacial outwash

flour” from the flood plains of the Mississippi River

valley during the Pleistocene ice age.

During the Pleistocene, the retreat of continental ice

sheets northward resulted in glacial meltwaters

depositing debris along the flood plains of the

Mississippi valley. Most geologists consider this event

to have begun about 40,000 years ago, and lasted for

nearly 30,000 years (Smith, 1942). As the broad flood

plain flats dried out, the finer glacial debris (or rock

flour) was exposed to southward blowing wind

currents that picked up the rock flour and redeposited

it over adjoining upland areas. This dual fluviatile-
Figure 27.—This diagram shows the generalized stratigraphy and structure of the Jackson Purchase Region in Kentucky (from plate 9, USGS Wate

Davis, Lambert, and Hansen Jr., 1973).
214 Soil Survey

aeolian origin of loess is supported by the fact these

deposits are thickest near the bluffs along the major

river valleys and progressively become thinner with

distance away from the broad alluvial valleys (Roberts

and Gildersleeve, 1950; Smith, 1942).

In Fulton County, the loess is commonly 50 to

nearly 100 feet thick along the loess bluff adjacent to

the Mississippi River flood plain. Due to the steep

topography and high silt content of the loess,

numerous gullies and landslides resembling miniature

badlands occur along the bluff’s west-facing side

slopes. The loess progressively thins eastward across

Fulton County, ranging from 10 to 15 feet in thickness

near the Hickman County line (USGS, 1963a-c).

Two loess deposits blanket most of the uplands

within the survey area. The uppermost loess,

commonly referred to as the Peoria loess, is buff to

tan colored with a highly silty character. Underlying the

Peoria is a darker, chocolate-brown colored loess that

is a bit grittier in texture than the Peoria. This lower

loess deposit is commonly referred to as the Roxana

silt. The Peoria is considerably thicker than the

Roxana throughout the survey area. The contact

between these two deposits is not clearly defined and

a mixing zone commonly occurs (USGS, 1971a-b).

With both loess deposits, quartz and feldspar minerals

dominate the coarse silt fraction; quartz, illite, feldspar,

and kaolinite dominate the fine silt fraction. Dominant

Figure 28.—State historical marker regarding the 1811-1812 earthquakes in the seismic region.
Fulton County, Kentucky 215

soils that have formed in thick loess deposits are the

Calloway, Feliciana, Grenada, Loring, and Memphis

soils. These soils are very deep with a moderately

acid to very strongly acid subsoil.

Underlying the loess deposits are Continental

deposits consisting primarily of gravel and sand with

thin interbedded lenses of clay. Due to the thickness of

the surficial loess cap in Fulton County, these

sediments are exposed only on the lowest parts of

side slopes where local drainageways have cut

through the loess. In fact, the Continental deposits are

so well concealed that no soils having formed in this

parent material were capable of being mapped during

the course of the survey.

Alluvium

Alluvial sediments are water-lain deposits and

occur on flood plains and stream terraces along the

major drainageways within the survey area. Like the

loess deposits, these sediments are Quaternary in

age and, geologically, are the youngest sediments in

Fulton County.

Two types of alluvium occur in Fulton County. One

source of alluvium consists of silt washed from loess

uplands and deposited along flood plains that drain

them. The largest areas of this alluvium occur along

Bayou de Chien, Little Bayou de Chien, Mud Creek,

and Rush Creek that flow north and west toward the

Mississippi River. Where the alluvium is acid,

generally in the eastern one-third of the county, the

resulting soils are the Collins, Falaya, and Waverly

series. Progressing westward toward the confluence

of these drainageways with the mouth of Bayou de

Chien the soils are nonacid, typically consisting of

Adler, Convent, Dekoven, and Mhoon soils. The

higher geomorphic stream terrace positions contain

soils with more morphological development, such as

the Center, Kurk, and Routon soils. Characteristic of

their source material, soils along the flood plains and

stream terraces of the loess uplands contain high silt

content and low sand content.

The other type of alluvium in Fulton County occurs

along the southern Mississippi River valley flood plain.

This valley extends from Cairo, Illinois, to the Gulf of

Mexico, meandering over a distance of about 900

miles (Southern Cooperative Series, 1970). The

source for these alluvial sediments in Fulton County is

a 918,500 square-mile drainage area representing the

Ohio River and Upper Mississippi River drainage

systems covering portions of 25 states and 2

Canadian Provinces. The thickness of these

sediments range from 100 to 200 feet and is due in

large part to the high sediment yield and areal extent

of these drainage systems (USGS 1963a-c, 1971a-b,

and 1974). There is considerably more textural and

geomorphic variability associated with the alluvium of

the Mississippi River valley as compared to the

alluvium derived from loess uplands. Nearly 60,000

acres in Fulton County formed in Mississippi River

alluvium.

The surficial geology and topography of the

present-day Mississippi River flood plain in Fulton

County is largely the result of a series of fluvial

erosional and aggradational processes occurring over

a rather long period of time. Such processes as flood

plain scouring and deposition, channel meandering,

and channel erosion from large flood events have

helped sculpt the geological and geomorphic

composition of the contemporary flood plain.

Natural levees occur on the flood plain near the

present river channel and along areas adjacent to

where the river channel formerly existed. Sand and

coarse materials were deposited soon after turbulent

floodwaters left the streambank. Natural levees are

generally at a higher elevation than surrounding land

features on the flood plain. The Crevasse,

Robinsonville, and Ware soils occur on higher natural

levee positions. Crevasse soils are dominated by

medium to coarse sand, whereas Robinsonville and

Ware soils are predominantly fine sand and very fine

sand textured throughout. It is quite common for

Robinsonville and Ware soils to contain 60 to 85

percent fine sand and very fine sand from 1 foot to a

depth of 5 feet.

Areas of old river channels, or where river

floodwaters have scoured and removed materials

leaving behind shallow depressions, contain

sediments that are predominantly clay and fine silt.

The lowest areas on the flood plain are backswamps

dominated by poorly drained soils having formed in

clayey, slackwater alluvium high in smectitic minerals.

Sharkey soils commonly occur in backswamps (see

fig. 11, page 126). Elongated, slightly depressional

areas at a higher elevation than the backswamps are

dominated by slackwater alluvium that has better

internal drainage. Soils such as Bondurant and

Openlake commonly occur in these areas.

Between the lower-lying backswamps and the

higher elevation natural levees are broader parts of

the flood plain containing loamy alluvium that is high in

silt and moderate in clay and sand content. Quartz,

feldspars, and micaceous minerals dominate the

coarse silt fraction, and mixed aluminosilicate clay

minerals dominate the fine silt (Southern Cooperative

Series, 1970). These soils are predominantly

somewhat poorly drained to well drained. Bardwell

and Commerce soils commonly occur on such areas.
216

Finally, as a result of the river migrating and

changing its course over time, clayey slackwater

sediments have been deposited over the older natural

levees producing soils such as Bowdre, Keyespoint,

Phillippy, and Tunica. These soils are clayey in the

upper 1.5 to 3 feet, with loamy layers underneath. As a

general rule, the Keyespoint and Phillippy soils occur

adjacent to the present-day natural levees, whereas

the Bowdre and Tunica soils are adjacent to the

backswamps.
217

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221

Aeration, soil. The exchange of air in soil with air

from the atmosphere. The air in a well aerated soil

is similar to that in the atmosphere; the air in a

poorly aerated soil is considerably higher in

carbon dioxide and lower in oxygen.

Aggregate, soil. Many fine particles held in a single

mass or cluster. Natural soil aggregates, such as

granules, blocks, or prisms, are called peds. Clods

are aggregates produced by tillage or logging.

Alluvium. Material, such as sand, silt, or clay,

deposited on land by streams.

Alpha,alpha-dipyridyl. A dye that when dissolved in

1N ammonium acetate is used to detect the

presence of reduced iron (Fe II) in the soil. A

positive reaction indicates a type of redoximorphic

feature.

Animal unit month (AUM). The amount of forage

required by one mature cow of approximately

1,000 pounds weight, with or without a calf, for 1

month.

Aquic conditions. Current soil wetness characterized

by saturation, reduction, and redoximorphic

features.

Argillic horizon. A subsoil horizon characterized by

an accumulation of illuvial clay.

Available water capacity (available moisture

capacity). The capacity of soils to hold water

available for use by most plants. It is commonly

defined as the difference between the amount of

soil water at field moisture capacity and the

amount at wilting point. It is commonly expressed

as inches of water per inch of soil. The capacity, in

inches, in a 60-inch profile or to a limiting layer is

expressed as:

Very low ............................................................ 0 to 3

Low ................................................................... 3 to 6

Moderate .......................................................... 6 to 9

High ................................................................ 9 to 12

Very high .............................................. more than 12

Backslope. The geomorphic component that forms

the steepest inclined surface and principal

element of many hillsides. Backslopes in profile

are commonly steep, are linear, and may or may

not include cliff segments.

Base saturation. The degree to which material having

cation-exchange properties is saturated with

exchangeable bases (sum of Ca, Mg, Na, and K),

expressed as a percentage of the total cationexchange capacity.

Base slope. A geomorphic component of hills

consisting of the concave to linear (perpendicular

to the contour) slope that, regardless of the lateral

shape, forms an apron or wedge at the bottom of

a hillside dominated by colluvium and slope-wash

sediments (for example, slope alluvium).

Bedding planes. Fine strata, less than 5 millimeters

thick, in unconsolidated alluvial, eolian, lacustrine,

or marine sediment.

Bedrock. The solid rock that underlies the soil and

other unconsolidated material or that is exposed

at the surface.

Bottomland. The normal flood plain of a stream,

subject to flooding.

Capillary water. Water held as a film around soil

particles and in tiny spaces between particles.

Surface tension is the adhesive force that holds

capillary water in the soil.

Catena. A sequence, or “chain,” of soils on a

landscape that formed in similar kinds of parent

material but have different characteristics as a

result of differences in relief and drainage.

Cation. An ion carrying a positive charge of electricity.

The common soil cations are calcium, potassium,

magnesium, sodium, and hydrogen.

Cation-exchange capacity. The total amount of

exchangeable cations that can be held by the soil,

expressed in terms of milliequivalents per 100

grams of soil at neutrality (pH 7.0) or at some

other stated pH value. The term, as applied to

soils, is synonymous with base-exchange capacity

but is more precise in meaning.

Chiseling. Tillage with an implement having one or

more soil-penetrating points that shatter or loosen

hard, compacted layers to a depth below normal

plow depth.

Clay. As a soil separate, the mineral soil particles less

than 0.002 millimeter in diameter. As a soil textural

class, soil material that is 40 percent or more clay,

Glossary
222 Soil Survey

less than 45 percent sand, and less than 40

percent silt.

Clay depletions. Low-chroma zones having a low

content of iron, manganese, and clay because of

the chemical reduction of iron and manganese

and the removal of iron, manganese, and clay. A

type of redoximorphic depletion.

Clay film. A thin coating of oriented clay on the

surface of a soil aggregate or lining pores or root

channels. Synonyms: clay coating, clay skin.

Complex slope. Irregular or variable slope. Planning

or establishing terraces, diversions, and other

water-control structures on a complex slope is

difficult.

Complex, soil. A map unit of two or more kinds of soil

or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern

or so small in area that it is not practical to map

them separately at the selected scale of mapping.

The pattern and proportion of the soils or

miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all

areas.

Concretions. Cemented bodies with crude internal

symmetry organized around a point, a line, or a

plane. They typically take the form of concentric

layers visible to the naked eye. Calcium

carbonate, iron oxide, and manganese oxide are

common compounds making up concretions. If

formed in place, concretions of iron oxide or

manganese oxide are generally considered a type

of redoximorphic concentration.

Conservation cropping system. Growing crops in

combination with needed cultural and

management practices. In a good conservation

cropping system, the soil-improving crops and

practices more than offset the effects of the soildepleting crops and practices. Cropping systems

are needed on all tilled soils. Soil-improving

practices in a conservation cropping system

include the use of rotations that contain grasses

and legumes and the return of crop residue to the

soil. Other practices include the use of green

manure crops of grasses and legumes, proper

tillage, adequate fertilization, and weed and pest

control.

Conservation tillage. A tillage system that does not

invert the soil and that leaves a protective amount

of crop residue on the surface throughout the

year.

Consistence, soil. Refers to the degree of cohesion

and adhesion of soil material and its resistance to

deformation when ruptured. Consistence includes

resistance of soil material to rupture and to

penetration; plasticity, toughness, and stickiness

of puddled soil material; and the manner in which

the soil material behaves when subject to

compression. Terms describing consistence are

defined in the “Soil Survey Manual.”

Contour stripcropping. Growing crops in strips that

follow the contour. Strips of grass or close-growing

crops are alternated with strips of clean-tilled

crops or summer fallow.

Control section. The part of the soil on which

classification is based. The thickness varies

among different kinds of soil, but for many it is that

part of the soil profile between depths of 10 inches

and 40 or 80 inches.

Corrosion. Soil-induced electrochemical or chemical

action that dissolves or weakens concrete or

uncoated steel.

Cover crop. A close-growing crop grown primarily to

improve and protect the soil between periods of

regular crop production, or a crop grown between

trees and vines in orchards and vineyards.

Cretaceous period. The third period of the Mesozoic

era of geologic time extending from the end of the

Jurassic period (about 144 million years ago) to

the beginning of the Tertiary period (about 63

million years ago).

Cropping system. Growing crops according to a

planned system of rotation and management

practices.

Crop residue management. Returning crop residue

to the soil, which helps to maintain soil structure,

organic matter content, and fertility and helps to

control erosion.

Cutbanks cave (in tables). The walls of excavations

tend to cave in or slough.

Deferred grazing. Postponing grazing or resting

grazing land for a prescribed period.

Depth, soil. Generally, the thickness of the soil over

bedrock. Very deep soils are more than 60 inches

deep over bedrock; deep soils, 40 to 60 inches;

moderately deep, 20 to 40 inches; shallow, 10 to

20 inches; and very shallow, less than 10 inches.

Diversion (or diversion terrace). A ridge of earth,

generally a terrace, built to protect downslope

areas by diverting runoff from its natural course.

Drainage class (natural). Refers to the frequency and

duration of wet periods under conditions similar to

those under which the soil formed. Alterations of

the water regime by human activities, either

through drainage or irrigation, are not a

consideration unless they have significantly

changed the morphology of the soil. Seven

classes of natural soil drainage are recognized—

excessively drained, somewhat excessively

drained, well drained, moderately well drained,

somewhat poorly drained, poorly drained, and
Fulton County, Kentucky 223

very poorly drained. These classes are defined in

the “Soil Survey Manual.”

Drainage, surface. Runoff, or surface flow of water,

from an area.

Eluviation. The movement of material in true solution

or colloidal suspension from one place to another

within the soil. Soil horizons that have lost material

through eluviation are eluvial; those that have

received material are illuvial.

Endosaturation. A type of saturation of the soil in

which all horizons between the upper boundary of

saturation and a depth of 2 meters are saturated.

Eocene. The second epoch of the Tertiary period of

geologic time beginning 58 million years ago and

ending 37 million years ago.

Eolian soil material. Earthy parent material

accumulated through wind action; commonly

refers to sandy material in dunes or to loess in

blankets on the surface.

Ephemeral stream. A stream, or reach of a stream,

that flows only in direct response to precipitation.

It receives no long-continued supply from melting

snow or other source, and its channel is above the

water table at all times.

Episaturation. A type of saturation indicating a

perched water table in a soil in which saturated

layers are underlain by one or more unsaturated

layers within 2 meters of the surface.

Erosion. The wearing away of the land surface by

water, wind, ice, or other geologic agents and by

such processes as gravitational creep.

Erosion (geologic). Erosion caused by geologic

processes acting over long geologic periods and

resulting in the wearing away of mountains and

the building up of such landscape features as

flood plains and coastal plains. Synonym: natural

erosion.

Erosion (accelerated). Erosion much more rapid than

geologic erosion, mainly as a result of human or

animal activities or of a catastrophe in nature,

such as a fire, that exposes the surface.

Erosion pavement. A layer of gravel or stones that

remains on the surface after fine particles are

removed by sheet or rill erosion.

Escarpment. A relatively continuous and steep slope

or cliff breaking the general continuity of more

gently sloping land surfaces and resulting from

erosion or faulting. Synonym: scarp.

Fertility, soil. The quality that enables a soil to

provide plant nutrients, in adequate amounts and

in proper balance, for the growth of specified

plants when light, moisture, temperature, tilth, and

other growth factors are favorable.

Field moisture capacity. The moisture content of a

soil, expressed as a percentage of the ovendry

weight, after the gravitational, or free, water has

drained away; the field moisture content 2 or 3

days after a soaking rain; also called normal field

capacity, normal moisture capacity, or capillary

capacity.

Fine textured soil. Sandy clay, silty clay, or clay.

Flood plain. A nearly level alluvial plain that borders a

stream and is subject to flooding unless protected

artificially.

Flood plain splay. A fan-shaped deposit or other

outspread deposit formed where an overloaded

stream or river breaks through a levee (natural or

artificial) and deposits its material (often coarse

grained) on the flood plain.

Fluvial. Of or pertaining to rivers; produced by river

action, as a fluvial plain.

Footslope. The position that forms the inner, gently

inclined surface at the base of a hillslope. In

profile, footslopes are commonly concave. A

footslope is a transition zone between upslope

sites of erosion and transport (shoulders and

backslopes) and downslope sites of deposition

(toeslopes).

Forb. Any herbaceous plant not a grass or a sedge.

Fragipan. A loamy, brittle subsurface horizon low in

porosity and content of organic matter and low or

moderate in clay but high in silt or very fine sand.

A fragipan appears cemented and restricts roots.

When dry, it is hard or very hard and has a higher

bulk density than the horizon or horizons above.

When moist, it tends to rupture suddenly under

pressure rather than to deform slowly.

Gleyed soil. Soil that formed under poor drainage,

resulting in the reduction of iron and other

elements in the profile and in gray colors.

Grassed waterway. A natural or constructed

waterway, typically broad and shallow, seeded to

grass as protection against erosion. Conducts

surface water away from cropland.

Gravel. Rounded or angular fragments of rock as

much as 3 inches (2 millimeters to 7.6

centimeters) in diameter. An individual piece is a

pebble.

Gravelly soil material. Material that is 15 to 35

percent, by volume, rounded or angular rock

fragments, not prominently flattened, as much as

3 inches (7.6 centimeters) in diameter.

Green manure crop (agronomy). A soil-improving

crop grown to be plowed under in an early stage

of maturity or soon after maturity.

Ground water. Water filling all the unblocked pores of

the material below the water table.

Gully. A miniature valley with steep sides cut by
224 Soil Survey

running water and through which water ordinarily

runs only after rainfall. The distinction between a

gully and a rill is one of depth. A gully generally is

an obstacle to farm machinery and is too deep to

be obliterated by ordinary tillage; a rill is of lesser

depth and can be smoothed over by ordinary

tillage.

Hard bedrock. Bedrock that cannot be excavated

except by blasting or by the use of special

equipment that is not commonly used in

construction.

Hard to reclaim (in tables). Reclamation is difficult

after the removal of soil for construction and other

uses. Revegetation and erosion control are

extremely difficult.

High-residue crops. Such crops as small grain and

corn used for grain. If properly managed, residue

from these crops can be used to control erosion

until the next crop in the rotation is established.

These crops return large amounts of organic

matter to the soil.

Horizon, soil. A layer of soil, approximately parallel to

the surface, having distinct characteristics

produced by soil-forming processes. In the

identification of soil horizons, an uppercase letter

represents the major horizons. Numbers or

lowercase letters that follow represent

subdivisions of the major horizons. An explanation

of the subdivisions is given in the “Soil Survey

Manual.” The major horizons of mineral soil are as

follows:

O horizon.—An organic layer of fresh and

decaying plant residue.

A horizon.—The mineral horizon at or near the

surface in which an accumulation of humified

organic matter is mixed with the mineral material.

Also, a plowed surface horizon, most of which was

originally part of a B horizon.

E horizon.—The mineral horizon in which the main

feature is loss of silicate clay, iron, aluminum, or

some combination of these.

B horizon.—The mineral horizon below an A

horizon. The B horizon is in part a layer of

transition from the overlying A to the underlying C

horizon. The B horizon also has distinctive

characteristics, such as (1) accumulation of clay,

sesquioxides, humus, or a combination of these;

(2) prismatic or blocky structure; (3) redder or

browner colors than those in the A horizon; or (4)

a combination of these.

C horizon.—The mineral horizon or layer,

excluding indurated bedrock, that is little affected

by soil-forming processes and does not have the

properties typical of the overlying soil material.

The material of a C horizon may be either like or

unlike that in which the solum formed. If the

material is known to differ from that in the solum,

an Arabic numeral, commonly a 2, precedes the

letter C.

Cr horizon.—Soft, consolidated bedrock beneath

the soil.

R layer.—Consolidated bedrock beneath the soil.

The bedrock commonly underlies a C horizon, but

it can be directly below an A or a B horizon.

Humus. The well decomposed, more or less stable

part of the organic matter in mineral soils.

Hydrologic soil groups. Refers to soils grouped

according to their runoff potential. The soil

properties that influence this potential are those

that affect the minimum rate of water infiltration on

a bare soil during periods after prolonged wetting

when the soil is not frozen. These properties are

depth to a seasonal high water table, the

infiltration rate and permeability after prolonged

wetting, and depth to a very slowly permeable

layer. The slope and the kind of plant cover are

not considered but are separate factors in

predicting runoff.

Illuviation. The movement of soil material from one

horizon to another in the soil profile. Generally,

material is removed from an upper horizon and

deposited in a lower horizon.

Impervious soil. A soil through which water, air, or

roots penetrate slowly or not at all. No soil is

absolutely impervious to air and water all the time.

Infiltration. The downward entry of water into the

immediate surface of soil or other material, as

contrasted with percolation, which is movement of

water through soil layers or material.

Infiltration rate. The rate at which water penetrates

the surface of the soil at any given instant, usually

expressed in inches per hour. The rate can be

limited by the infiltration capacity of the soil or the

rate at which water is applied at the surface.

Interfluve. An elevated area between two

drainageways that sheds water to those

drainageways.

Intermittent stream. A stream, or reach of a stream,

that flows for prolonged periods only when it

receives ground-water discharge or long,

continued contributions from melting snow or

other surface and shallow subsurface sources.

Iron depletions. Low-chroma zones having a low

content of iron and manganese oxide because of

chemical reduction and removal, but having a clay

content similar to that of the adjacent matrix. A

type of redoximorphic depletion.
Fulton County, Kentucky 225

Ksat. Saturated hydraulic conductivity. (See

Permeability.)

Landslide. The rapid downhill movement of a mass of

soil and loose rock, generally when wet or

saturated. The speed and distance of movement,

as well as the amount of soil and rock material,

vary greatly.

Linear extensibility. Refers to the change in length of

an unconfined clod as moisture content is

decreased from a moist to a dry state. Linear

extensibility is used to determine the shrink-swell

potential of soils. It is an expression of the volume

change between the water content of the clod at

1

/3- or 1/10-bar tension (33kPa or 10kPa tension)

and oven dryness. Volume change is influenced

by the amount and type of clay minerals in the

soil. The volume change is the percent change for

the whole soil. If it is expressed as a fraction, the

resulting value is COLE, coefficient of linear

extensibility.

Liquid limit. The moisture content at which the soil

passes from a plastic to a liquid state.

Loam. Soil material that is 7 to 27 percent clay

particles, 28 to 50 percent silt particles, and less

than 52 percent sand particles.

Loess. Fine grained material, dominantly of silt-sized

particles, deposited by wind.

Low strength. The soil is not strong enough to

support loads.

Masses. Concentrations of substances in the soil

matrix that do not have a clearly defined boundary

with the surrounding soil material and cannot be

removed as a discrete unit. Common compounds

making up masses are calcium carbonate,

gypsum or other soluble salts, iron oxide, and

manganese oxide. Masses consisting of iron oxide

or manganese oxide generally are considered a

type of redoximorphic concentration.

Medium textured soil. Very fine sandy loam, loam,

silt loam, or silt.

Mineral soil. Soil that is mainly mineral material and

low in organic material. Its bulk density is more

than that of organic soil.

Minimum tillage. Only the tillage essential to crop

production and prevention of soil damage.

Miscellaneous area. An area that has little or no

natural soil and supports little or no vegetation.

Mississippian period. The fifth period of the

Paleozoic era of geologic time extending from the

end of the Devonian period (about 345 million

years ago) to the beginning of the Pennsylvanian

period (about 310 million years ago).

Mollic epipedon. A thick, dark, humus-rich surface

horizon (or horizons) that has high base saturation

and pedogenic soil structure. It may include the

upper part of the subsoil.

Morphology, soil. The physical makeup of the soil,

including the texture, structure, porosity,

consistence, color, and other physical, mineral,

and biological properties of the various horizons,

and the thickness and arrangement of those

horizons in the soil profile.

Mottling, soil. Irregular spots of different colors that

vary in number and size. Descriptive terms are as

follows: abundance—few, common, and many;

size—fine, medium, and coarse; and contrast—

faint, distinct, and prominent. The size

measurements are of the diameter along the

greatest dimension. Fine indicates less than 5

millimeters (about 0.2 inch); medium, from 5 to 15

millimeters (about 0.2 to 0.6 inch); and coarse,

more than 15 millimeters (about 0.6 inch).

Mudstone. Sedimentary rock formed by induration of

silt and clay in approximately equal amounts.

Munsell notation. A designation of color by degrees

of three simple variables—hue, value, and

chroma. For example, a notation of 10YR 6/4 is a

color with hue of 10YR, value of 6, and chroma of

4.

Neutral soil. A soil having a pH value of 6.6 to 7.3.

(See Reaction, soil.)

Nodules. Cemented bodies lacking visible internal

structure. Calcium carbonate, iron oxide, and

manganese oxide are common compounds

making up nodules. If formed in place, nodules of

iron oxide or manganese oxide are considered

types of redoximorphic concentrations.

Nose slope. A geomorphic component of hills

consisting of the projecting end (laterally convex

area) of a hillside. The overland waterflow is

predominantly divergent.

Nutrient, plant. Any element taken in by a plant

essential to its growth. Plant nutrients are mainly

nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium,

magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper,

boron, and zinc obtained from the soil and carbon,

hydrogen, and oxygen obtained from the air and

water.

Ordovician period. The second period of the

Paleozoic era of geologic time extending from the

end of the Cambrian period (about 500 million

years ago) to the beginning of the Silurian period

(about 425 million years ago).

Organic matter. Plant and animal residue in the soil in

various stages of decomposition. The content of

organic matter in the surface layer is described as

follows:
226 Soil Survey

Very low ................................... less than 0.5 percent

Low ................................................ 0.5 to 1.0 percent

Moderately low .............................. 1.0 to 2.0 percent

Moderate ....................................... 2.0 to 4.0 percent

High ............................................... 4.0 to 8.0 percent

Very high ............................... more than 8.0 percent

Paleocene. The first epoch of the Tertiary period of

geologic time beginning 66 million years ago and

ending approximately 58 million years ago.

Paleozoic era. The geologic era between the

Precambrian and Mesozoic eras. The Paleozoic

era was between 600 million and 230 million years

ago and was characterized by abundant fishes,

amphibians, reptiles, and land plants.

Pan. A compact, dense layer in a soil that impedes the

movement of water and the growth of roots. For

example, hardpan, fragipan, claypan, plowpan,

and traffic pan.

Parent material. The unconsolidated organic and

mineral material in which soil forms.

Ped. An individual natural soil aggregate, such as a

granule, a prism, or a block.

Pedon. The smallest volume that can be called “a

soil.” A pedon is three dimensional and large

enough to permit study of all horizons. Its area

ranges from about 10 to 100 square feet (1 square

meter to 10 square meters), depending on the

variability of the soil.

Percolation. The downward movement of water

through the soil.

Permeability. The quality of the soil that enables

water or air to move downward through the profile.

The rate at which a saturated soil transmits water

is accepted as a measure of this quality. In soil

physics, the rate is referred to as “saturated

hydraulic conductivity,” which is defined in the

“Soil Survey Manual.” In line with conventional

usage in the engineering profession and with

traditional usage in published soil surveys, this

rate of flow continues to be expressed as

“permeability.” Terms describing permeability,

measured in inches per hour, are as follows:

Extremely slow ................................. 0.0 to 0.01 inch

Very slow ........................................ 0.01 to 0.06 inch

Slow.................................................. 0.06 to 0.2 inch

Moderately slow ................................. 0.2 to 0.6 inch

Moderate ................................. 0.6 inch to 2.0 inches

Moderately rapid ............................ 2.0 to 6.0 inches

Rapid ............................................... 6.0 to 20 inches

Very rapid ................................. more than 20 inches

Phase, soil. A subdivision of a soil series based on

features that affect its use and management, such

as slope, stoniness, and flooding.

pH value. A numerical designation of acidity and

alkalinity in soil. (See Reaction, soil.)

Piping (in tables). Formation of subsurface tunnels or

pipelike cavities by water moving through the soil.

Plasticity index. The numerical difference between

the liquid limit and the plastic limit; the range of

moisture content within which the soil remains

plastic.

Plastic limit. The moisture content at which a soil

changes from semisolid to plastic.

Pleistocene. The first epoch of the Quaternary period

of geologic time beginning about 1 million years

ago and ending approximately 10,000 years ago

in which the dominant feature was marked by

extensive glaciation.

Pliocene. The fifth epoch of the Tertiary period of

geologic time beginning about 5 million years ago

and ending approximately 1 million years ago,

immediately preceding the Quaternary period.

Plowpan. A compacted layer formed in the soil

directly below the plowed layer.

Ponding. Standing water on soils in closed

depressions. Unless the soils are artificially

drained, the water can be removed only by

percolation or evapotranspiration.

Poorly graded. Refers to a coarse grained soil or soil

material consisting mainly of particles of nearly the

same size. Because there is little difference in size

of the particles, density can be increased only

slightly by compaction.

Potential rooting depth (effective rooting depth).

Depth to which roots could penetrate if the content

of moisture in the soil were adequate. The soil has

no properties restricting the penetration of roots to

this depth.

Productivity, soil. The capability of a soil for

producing a specified plant or sequence of plants

under specific management.

Profile, soil. A vertical section of the soil extending

through all its horizons and into the parent

material.

Quaternary period. The second period of the

Cenozoic era of geologic time extending from the

end of the Tertiary period (about 1 million years

ago) to the present.

Reaction, soil. A measure of acidity or alkalinity of a

soil, expressed in pH values. A soil that tests to pH

7.0 is described as precisely neutral in reaction

because it is neither acid nor alkaline. The

degrees of acidity or alkalinity, expressed as pH

values, are:
Fulton County, Kentucky 227

Ultra acid ...............................................less than 3.5

Extremely acid ............................................ 3.5 to 4.4

Very strongly acid ....................................... 4.5 to 5.0

Strongly acid .............................................. 5.1 to 5.5

Moderately acid .......................................... 5.6 to 6.0

Slightly acid ................................................ 6.1 to 6.5

Neutral ........................................................ 6.6 to 7.3

Slightly alkaline .......................................... 7.4 to 7.8

Moderately alkaline .................................... 7.9 to 8.4

Strongly alkaline ......................................... 8.5 to 9.0

Very strongly alkaline ......................... 9.1 and higher

Redoximorphic concentrations. Nodules,

concretions, soft masses, pore linings, and other

features resulting from the accumulation of iron or

manganese oxide. An indication of chemical

reduction and oxidation resulting from saturation.

Redoximorphic depletions. Low-chroma zones from

which iron and manganese oxide or a combination

of iron and manganese oxide and clay has been

removed. These zones are indications of the

chemical reduction of iron resulting from

saturation.

Redoximorphic features. Redoximorphic

concentrations, redoximorphic depletions, reduced

matrices, a positive reaction to alpha,alphadipyridyl, and other features indicating the

chemical reduction and oxidation of iron and

manganese compounds resulting from saturation.

Reduced matrix. A soil matrix that has low chroma in

situ because of chemically reduced iron (Fe II).

The chemical reduction results from nearly

continuous wetness. The matrix undergoes a

change in hue or chroma within 30 minutes after

exposure to air as the iron is oxidized (Fe III). A

type of redoximorphic feature.

Regolith. The unconsolidated mantle of weathered

rock and soil material on the earth’s surface; the

loose earth material above the solid rock.

Relief. The elevations or inequalities of a land surface,

considered collectively.

Residuum (residual soil material). Unconsolidated,

weathered or partly weathered mineral material

that accumulated as consolidated rock

disintegrated in place.

Rill. A steep-sided channel resulting from accelerated

erosion. A rill generally is a few inches deep and

not wide enough to be an obstacle to farm

machinery.

Rock fragments. Rock or mineral fragments having a

diameter of 2 millimeters or more; for example,

pebbles, cobbles, stones, and boulders.

Root zone. The part of the soil that can be penetrated

by plant roots.

Runoff. The precipitation discharged into stream

channels from an area. The water that flows off

the surface of the land without sinking into the soil

is called surface runoff. Water that enters the soil

before reaching surface streams is called groundwater runoff or seepage flow from ground water.

Sand. As a soil separate, individual rock or mineral

fragments from 0.05 millimeter to 2.0 millimeters in

diameter. Most sand grains consist of quartz. As a

soil textural class, a soil that is 85 percent or more

sand and not more than 10 percent clay.

Sandstone. Sedimentary rock containing dominantly

sand-sized particles.

Saturation. Wetness characterized by zero or positive

pressure of the soil water. Under conditions of

saturation, the water will flow from the soil matrix

into an unlined auger hole.

Sedimentary rock. Rock made up of particles

deposited from suspension in water. The chief

kinds of sedimentary rock are conglomerate,

formed from gravel; sandstone, formed from sand;

shale, formed from clay; and limestone, formed

from soft masses of calcium carbonate. There are

many intermediate types. Some wind-deposited

sand is consolidated into sandstone.

Series, soil. A group of soils that have profiles that are

almost alike, except for differences in texture of

the surface layer. All the soils of a series have

horizons that are similar in composition, thickness,

and arrangement.

Sheet erosion. The removal of a fairly uniform layer

of soil material from the land surface by the action

of rainfall and surface runoff.

Shoulder. The position that forms the uppermost

inclined surface near the top of a hillslope. It is a

transition from backslope to summit. The surface

is dominantly convex in profile and erosional in

origin.

Shrink-swell (in tables). The shrinking of soil when

dry and the swelling when wet. Shrinking and

swelling can damage roads, dams, building

foundations, and other structures. It can also

damage plant roots.

Side slope. A geomorphic component of hills

consisting of a laterally planar area of a hillside.

The overland waterflow is predominantly parallel.

Silt. As a soil separate, individual mineral particles

that range in diameter from the upper limit of clay

(0.002 millimeter) to the lower limit of very fine

sand (0.05 millimeter). As a soil textural class, soil

that is 80 percent or more silt and less than 12

percent clay.

Siltstone. Sedimentary rock made up of dominantly

silt-sized particles.
228 Soil Survey

Similar soils. Soils that share limits of diagnostic

criteria, behave and perform in a similar manner,

and have similar conservation needs or

management requirements for the major land

uses in the survey area.

Site index. A designation of the quality of a forest site

based on the height of the dominant stand at an

arbitrarily chosen age. For example, if the average

height attained by dominant and codominant trees

in a fully stocked stand at the age of 50 years is

75 feet, the site index is 75.

Slackwater. A quiet part of, or a still body of water in a

stream.

Slick spot. A small area of soil having a puddled,

crusted, or smooth surface and an excess of

exchangeable sodium. The soil generally is silty or

clayey, is slippery when wet, and is low in

productivity.

Slope. The inclination of the land surface from the

horizontal. Percentage of slope is the vertical

distance divided by horizontal distance, then

multiplied by 100. Thus, a slope of 20 percent is a

drop of 20 feet in 100 feet of horizontal distance.

In this survey, classes for simple slopes are as

follows:

Nearly level ......................................... 0 to 2 percent

Gently sloping ..................................... 2 to 6 percent

Sloping .............................................. 6 to 12 percent

Moderately steep ............................ 12 to 20 percent

Steep ............................................... 20 to 30 percent

Very steep .............................. 30 percent and higher

Classes for complex slopes are as follows:

Nearly level ......................................... 0 to 2 percent

Undulating ........................................... 2 to 6 percent

Rolling ............................................... 6 to 12 percent

Hilly.................................................. 12 to 20 percent

Steep ............................................... 20 to 30 percent

Very steep .............................. 30 percent and higher

Slow refill (in tables). The slow filling of ponds,

resulting from restricted permeability in the soil.

Sodic (alkali) soil. A soil having so high a degree of

alkalinity (pH 8.5 or higher) or so high a

percentage of exchangeable sodium (15 percent

or more of the total exchangeable bases), or both,

that plant growth is restricted.

Soil. A natural, three-dimensional body at the earth’s

surface. It is capable of supporting plants and has

properties resulting from the integrated effect of

climate and living matter acting on earthy parent

material, as conditioned by relief over periods of

time.

Soil separates. Mineral particles less than 2

millimeters in equivalent diameter and ranging

between specified size limits. The names and

sizes, in millimeters, of separates recognized in

the United States are as follows:

Very coarse sand ....................................... 2.0 to 1.0

Coarse sand ............................................... 1.0 to 0.5

Medium sand............................................ 0.5 to 0.25

Fine sand ............................................... 0.25 to 0.10

Very fine sand ........................................ 0.10 to 0.05

Silt ........................................................ 0.05 to 0.002

Clay .................................................. less than 0.002

Solum. The upper part of a soil profile, above the C

horizon, in which the processes of soil formation

are active. The solum in soil consists of the A, E,

and B horizons. Generally, the characteristics of

the material in these horizons are unlike those of

the material below the solum. The living roots and

plant and animal activities are largely confined to

the solum.

Stripcropping. Growing crops in a systematic

arrangement of strips or bands that provide

vegetative barriers to wind erosion and water

erosion.

Structure, soil. The arrangement of primary soil

particles into compound particles or aggregates.

The principal forms of soil structure are—platy

(laminated), prismatic (vertical axis of aggregates

longer than horizontal), columnar (prisms with

rounded tops), blocky (angular or subangular),

and granular. Structureless soils are either single

grained (each grain by itself, as in dune sand) or

massive (the particles adhering without any

regular cleavage, as in many hardpans).

Stubble mulch. Stubble or other crop residue left on

the soil or partly worked into the soil. It protects

the soil from wind erosion and water erosion after

harvest, during preparation of a seedbed for the

next crop, and during the early growing period of

the new crop.

Subsoil. Technically, the B horizon; roughly, the part

of the solum below plow depth.

Subsoiling. Tilling a soil below normal plow depth,

ordinarily to shatter a hardpan or claypan.

Substratum. The part of the soil below the solum.

Subsurface layer. Technically, the E horizon.

Generally refers to a leached horizon lighter in

color and lower in content of organic matter than

the overlying surface layer.

Subsurface layer. Any subsurface soil horizon (A, E,

AB, or EB) below the surface layer.

Summit. A general term for the top, or highest level, of

an upland feature, such as a hill or mountain. It
Fulton County, Kentucky 229

commonly refers to a higher area that has a gentle

slope and is flanked by steeper slopes.

Surface layer. The soil ordinarily moved in tillage, or

its equivalent in uncultivated soil, ranging in depth

from 4 to 10 inches (10 to 25 centimeters).

Frequently designated as the “plow layer,” or the

“Ap horizon.”

Surface soil. The A, E, AB, and EB horizons,

considered collectively. It includes all subdivisions

of these horizons.

Taxadjuncts. Soils that cannot be classified in a

series recognized in the classification system.

Such soils are named for a series they strongly

resemble and are designated as taxadjuncts to

that series because they differ in ways too small to

be of consequence in interpreting their use and

behavior. Soils are recognized as taxadjuncts only

when one or more of their characteristics are

slightly outside the range defined for the family of

the series for which the soils are named.

Terrace. An embankment, or ridge, constructed

across sloping soils on the contour or at a slight

angle to the contour. The terrace intercepts

surface runoff so that water soaks into the soil or

flows slowly to a prepared outlet. A terrace in a

field generally is built so that the field can be

farmed. A terrace intended mainly for drainage

has a deep channel that is maintained in

permanent sod.

Terrace (geologic). An old alluvial plain, ordinarily flat

or undulating, bordering a river, a lake, or the sea.

Tertiary period. The first period of the Cenozoic era

of geologic time following the Mesozoic era and

preceding the Quaternary period (about 63 million

to 1 million years ago).

Texture, soil. The relative proportions of sand, silt,

and clay particles in a mass of soil. The basic

textural classes, in order of increasing proportion

of fine particles, are sand, loamy sand, sandy

loam, loam, silt loam, silt, sandy clay loam, clay

loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay, silty clay, and

clay. The sand, loamy sand, and sandy loam

classes may be further divided by specifying

“coarse,” “fine,” or “very fine.”

Thin layer (in tables). Otherwise suitable soil material

that is too thin for the specified use.

Tilth, soil. The physical condition of the soil as related

to tillage, seedbed preparation, seedling

emergence, and root penetration.

Topsoil. The upper part of the soil, which is the most

favorable material for plant growth. It is ordinarily

rich in organic matter and is used to topdress

roadbanks, lawns, and land affected by mining.

Trace elements. Chemical elements, for example,

zinc, cobalt, manganese, copper, and iron, in soils

in extremely small amounts. They are essential to

plant growth.

Upland. Land at a higher elevation, in general, than

the alluvial plain or stream terrace; land above the

lowlands along streams.

Variegation. Refers to patterns of contrasting colors

assumed to be inherited from the parent material

rather than to be the result of poor drainage.

Weathering. All physical and chemical changes

produced in rocks or other deposits at or near the

earth’s surface by atmospheric agents. These

changes result in disintegration and

decomposition of the material.

Well graded. Refers to soil material consisting of

coarse grained particles that are well distributed

over a wide range in size or diameter. Such soil

normally can be easily increased in density and

bearing properties by compaction. Contrasts with

poorly graded soil.

Wilting point (or permanent wilting point). The

moisture content of soil, on an ovendry basis, at

which a plant (specifically a sunflower) wilts so

much that it does not recover when placed in a

humid, dark chamber.

Windthrow. The uprooting and tipping over of trees by

the wind.

231

Tables
232 Soil Survey

Table 1.--Temperature and Precipitation

(Recorded in the period 1971-2000 at Union City, Kentucky)

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 | Temperature | Precipitation __________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | 2 years in | | |2 years in 10| |

 | | | | 10 will have-- | Average | | will have-- | Average | _______________________ _____________

 Month |Average|Average|Average| | |number of|Average| | |number of|Average

 | daily | daily | daily | Maximum | Minimum | growing | | Less | More |days with|snow-

 |maximum|minimum| |temperature|temperature| degree | |than--|than--|0.10 inch|fall

 | | | | higher | lower | days* | | | | or more |

 | | | | than-- | than-- | | | | | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | oF | oF | oF | oF | o __ __ __ __ __ _____ __ __ __ __ F | Units | In | In | In | | In

 | | | | | | | | | | |

January-----| 42.8 | 25.0 | 33.9 | 71 | -3 | 11 | 3.77 | 2.27 | 5.12 | 6 | 3.8

 | | | | | | | | | | |

February----| 48.6 | 28.5 | 38.5 | 75 | 3 | 24 | 4.03 | 2.20 | 5.64 | 6 | 3.4

 | | | | | | | | | | |

March-------| 58.5 | 37.4 | 47.9 | 81 | 18 | 100 | 4.92 | 2.95 | 6.69 | 8 | 1.2

 | | | | | | | | | | |

April-------| 68.7 | 46.1 | 57.4 | 87 | 28 | 258 | 4.86 | 3.06 | 6.49 | 7 | 0.0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

May---------| 77.5 | 56.0 | 66.7 | 91 | 39 | 516 | 5.08 | 2.97 | 6.97 | 8 | 0.0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

June--------| 85.9 | 64.5 | 75.2 | 96 | 48 | 757 | 4.80 | 2.49 | 6.81 | 6 | 0.0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

July--------| 89.3 | 68.2 | 78.8 | 99 | 55 | 880 | 4.17 | 1.80 | 6.19 | 6 | 0.0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

August------| 88.2 | 65.1 | 76.7 | 98 | 52 | 817 | 3.19 | 1.13 | 4.90 | 4 | 0.0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

September---| 82.0 | 57.4 | 69.7 | 96 | 38 | 591 | 3.25 | 1.27 | 4.91 | 5 | 0.0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

October-----| 71.5 | 45.1 | 58.3 | 88 | 29 | 277 | 3.84 | 1.87 | 5.54 | 5 | 0.1

 | | | | | | | | | | |

November----| 58.4 | 37.1 | 47.8 | 80 | 19 | 96 | 4.98 | 2.83 | 6.90 | 7 | 0.3

 | | | | | | | | | | |

December----| 47.4 | 29.0 | 38.2 | 70 | 5 | 23 | 5.01 | 2.55 | 7.15 | 7 | 0.8

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Yearly: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Average----| 68.2 | 46.6 | 57.4 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Extreme----| 103 | -14 | --- | 100 | -6 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Total------| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 4,351 | 51.90 |44.24 | 58.18| 75 | 9.4

 | | | | | | | | | | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 * A growing degree day is a unit of heat available for plant growth. It can be calculated by adding the

 maximum and minimum daily temperatures, dividing the sum by 2, and subtracting the temperature below which

 growth is minimal for the principal crops in the area (50 degrees F).
Fulton County, Kentucky 233

Table 2.--Freeze Dates in Spring and Fall

(Recorded in the period 1970-2000 at Union City, Kentucky)

______________________________________________________________

 |

 | Temperature __________________________________________

 Probability | | |

 | 24 oF | 28 oF | 32 oF

 | or lower | or lower | or lower ______________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | |

 Last freezing | | |

 temperature | | |

 in spring: | | |

 | | |

 1 year in 10 | | |

 later than-- | March 21 | April 9 | April 17

 | | |

 2 years in 10 | | |

 later than-- | March 15 | April 4 | April 12

 | | |

 5 years in 10 | | |

 later than-- | March 4 | March 25 | April 4

 | | |

 First freezing | | |

 temperature | | |

 in fall: | | |

 | | |

 1 year in 10 | | |

 earlier than-- | November 5 | October 22 | October 6

 | | |

 2 years in 10 | | |

 earlier than-- | November 11 | October 27 | October 12

 | | |

 5 years in 10 | | |

 earlier than-- | November 21 | November 6 | October 22

 | | | ______________________________________________________________

Table 3.--Growing Season

(Recorded in the period 1971-2000 at Union City,

 Kentucky)

__________________________________________________

 |

 | Daily minimum temperature

 | during growing season ___________________________________

 Probability | | |

 | Higher | Higher | Higher

 | than | than | than

 | 24 oF | 28 oF | 32 o __________________________________________________ F

 | Days | Days | Days ____ ____ ____

 | | |

9 years in 10 | 239 | 204 | 182

 | | |

8 years in 10 | 246 | 211 | 188

 | | |

5 years in 10 | 261 | 225 | 201

 | | |

2 years in 10 | 275 | 239 | 213

 | | |

1 year in 10 | 282 | 247 | 220

 | | | __________________________________________________
234 Soil Survey

Table 4.--Acreage and Proportionate Extent of the Soils

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map | Soil name | Acres |Percent

symbol | | |

 | | | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | |

Ac |Adler silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, protected----------------------------------| 271 | 0.2

Ad |Adler silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded-----------------------| 432 | 0.3

Ba |Bardwell silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, protected-------------------------------| 1,551 | 1.1

Bd |Bardwell silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded--------------------| 827 | 0.6

Be |Bardwell silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded----------------------| 1,310 | 0.9

Bf |Bardwell silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded----------------| 559 | 0.4

Bn |Bondurant silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, protected------------------------| 2,225 | 1.5

Bo |Bondurant silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded---------------| 1,218 | 0.8

Br |Bowdre silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes, protected--------------------------------| 2,991 | 2.0

Bw |Bowdre silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded-----------------------| 572 | 0.4

CaA |Calloway silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes------------------------------------------| 2,403 | 1.6

CaB2 |Calloway silt loam, 2 to 4 percent slopes, eroded----------------------------------| 3,235 | 2.2

CeA |Center silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes--------------------------------------------| 282 | 0.2

CfA |Center silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, occasionally flooded----------------------| 106 | *

Cg |Collins silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded---------------------| 574 | 0.4

Ch |Commerce silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, protected-------------------------------| 3,108 | 2.1

Ck |Commerce silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded--------------------| 606 | 0.4

Cm |Commerce silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded----------------------| 5,096 | 3.5

Cn |Commerce silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded--------------| 382 | 0.3

Co |Commerce silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded----------------| 2,254 | 1.5

Cp |Convent silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, protected--------------------------------| 983 | 0.7

Cr |Convent silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded---------------------| 3,925 | 2.7

Cs |Convent silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded-----------------------| 392 | 0.3

Ct |Convent-Mhoon complex, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded-----------------| 461 | 0.3

Cu |Convent-Mhoon complex, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded-------------------| 3,189 | 2.2

Cv |Crevasse loamy fine sand, 0 to 3 percent slopes, occasionally flooded--------------| 1,310 | 0.9

Cw |Crevasse loamy fine sand, 0 to 3 percent slopes, frequently flooded----------------| 3,240 | 2.2

Cx |Crevasse silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, frequently flooded----------------------| 282 | 0.2

De |Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded------------| 782 | 0.5

Dk |Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded--------------| 166 | 0.1

Do |Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded, overwash--| 1,873 | 1.3

Dv |Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded, overwash----| 142 | *

Fa |Falaya silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded----------------------| 2,526 | 1.7

Fc |Falaya-Waverly complex, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded----------------| 443 | 0.3

FnA |Feliciana silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes-----------------------------------------| 5 | *

FnB |Feliciana silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes-----------------------------------------| 1,745 | 1.2

FnB2 |Feliciana silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, eroded---------------------------------| 216 | 0.1

FnC2 |Feliciana silt loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, eroded--------------------------------| 263 | 0.2

FnC3 |Feliciana silt loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, severely eroded-----------------------| 578 | 0.4

FnD3 |Feliciana silt loam, 12 to 20 percent slopes, severely eroded----------------------| 543 | 0.4

FnE3 |Feliciana silt loam, 20 to 30 percent slopes, severely eroded----------------------| 86 | *

GrA |Grenada silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes-------------------------------------------| 1,054 | 0.7

GrB |Grenada silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes-------------------------------------------| 5,067 | 3.4

GrB2 |Grenada silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, eroded-----------------------------------| 3,639 | 2.5

GrB3 |Grenada silt loam, 4 to 6 percent slopes, severely eroded--------------------------| 1,044 | 0.7

GrC2 |Grenada silt loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, eroded----------------------------------| 2,059 | 1.4

GrC3 |Grenada silt loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, severely eroded-------------------------| 2,263 | 1.5

GuF |Gullied land-Memphis complex, 30 to 50 percent slopes------------------------------| 203 | 0.1

Ke |Keyespoint silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, protected-----------------------| 405 | 0.3

Kf |Keyespoint silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded--------------| 1,184 | 0.8

KrA |Kurk silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes----------------------------------------------| 1,363 | 0.9

KsA |Kurk silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded------------------------| 446 | 0.3

KuA |Kurk silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded--------------------------| 221 | 0.1

LEVEE |Levee------------------------------------------------------------------------------| 580 | 0.4

LoA |Loring silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes--------------------------------------------| 315 | 0.2

LoB |Loring silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes--------------------------------------------| 7,785 | 5.3

LoB2 |Loring silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, eroded------------------------------------| 1,408 | 1.0

LoB3 |Loring silt loam, 4 to 6 percent slopes, severely eroded---------------------------| 1,105 | 0.7

LoC2 |Loring silt loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, eroded-----------------------------------| 1,155 | 0.8

LoC3 |Loring silt loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, severely eroded--------------------------| 6,180 | 4.2

 | | |

 See footnote at end of table.
Fulton County, Kentucky 235

Table 4.--Acreage and Proportionate Extent of the Soils--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map | Soil name | Acres |Percent

symbol | | |

 | | | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | |

LoD3 |Loring silt loam, 12 to 20 percent slopes, severely eroded-------------------------| 1,884 | 1.3

M-W |Miscellaneous water----------------------------------------------------------------| 76 | *

MeA |Memphis silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes-------------------------------------------| 123 | *

MeB |Memphis silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes-------------------------------------------| 4,160 | 2.8

MeB2 |Memphis silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, eroded-----------------------------------| 811 | 0.5

MeC2 |Memphis silt loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, eroded----------------------------------| 419 | 0.3

MeC3 |Memphis silt loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, severely eroded-------------------------| 1,512 | 1.0

MeD3 |Memphis silt loam, 12 to 20 percent slopes, severely eroded------------------------| 1,081 | 0.7

MeE3 |Memphis silt loam, 20 to 30 percent slopes, severely eroded------------------------| 1,514 | 1.0

MmF |Memphis-Natchez complex, 30 to 50 percent slopes, gullied--------------------------| 2,310 | 1.6

Mo |Mhoon silt loam, ponded------------------------------------------------------------| 1,050 | 0.7

Op |Openlake silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, protected-------------------------| 1,252 | 0.8

Os |Openlake silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded----------------| 3,528 | 2.4

Ph |Phillippy silty clay loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, protected------------------------| 1,730 | 1.2

Pp |Phillippy silty clay loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, frequently flooded---------------| 680 | 0.5

PtD |Pits-Udorthents complex, 0 to 20 percent slopes------------------------------------| 137 | *

Ra |Riverwash, 0 to 3 percent slopes, frequently flooded-------------------------------| 1,233 | 0.8

Rb |Robinsonville fine sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, protected--------------------| 339 | 0.2

Rc |Robinsonville fine sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, occasionally flooded---------| 993 | 0.7

Rf |Robinsonville fine sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, frequently flooded-----------| 903 | 0.6

RmD |Robinsonville fine sandy loam, natural levee, 8 to 25 percent slopes, occasionally | |

 | flooded---------------------------------------------------------------------------| 133 | *

Ro |Roellen silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded--------------------| 744 | 0.5

RsA |Routon silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes--------------------------------------------| 661 | 0.4

RtA |Routon silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded----------------------| 33 | *

RuA |Routon silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded------------------------| 634 | 0.4

Sc |Sharkey silty clay, ponded---------------------------------------------------------| 1,158 | 0.8

Sh |Sharkey silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes, protected-------------------------------| 713 | 0.5

Sk |Sharkey silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded----------------------| 4,439 | 3.0

Tc |Tunica silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes, protected--------------------------------| 534 | 0.4

Tu |Tunica silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded-----------------------| 1,447 | 1.0

UdC |Udorthents-Urban land complex, 5 to 25 percent slopes------------------------------| 269 | 0.2

UrB |Urban land-Udorthents complex, 2 to 8 percent slopes-------------------------------| 216 | 0.1

W |Water------------------------------------------------------------------------------| 14,452 | 9.8

Wa |Ware loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, protected----------------------------------------| 1,615 | 1.1

Wm |Ware loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded-----------------------------| 703 | 0.5

Wr |Ware silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, protected-----------------------------------| 1,633 | 1.1

Ws |Ware silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded--------------------------| 1,741 | 1.2

 | |------------|--------

 | Total-------------------------------------------------------------------------| 147,488 | 100.0

 | | | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 * Less than 0.1 percent.
236 Soil Survey

Table 5.--Prime Farmland

(Only the soils considered prime farmland are listed. Urban or built-up areas of the soils listed are not

 considered prime farmland. If a soil is prime farmland only under certain conditions, the conditions are

 specified in parentheses after the soil name.)

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |

 Map | Soil name

symbol |

 | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |

 |

Ac |Adler silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

Ad |Adler silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded

Ba |Bardwell silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

Bd |Bardwell silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded

Be |Bardwell silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where protected from flooding or not

 | frequently flooded during the growing season)

Bf |Bardwell silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where protected from flooding

 | or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

Bn |Bondurant silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

Bo |Bondurant silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where drained and either

 | protected from flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

Br |Bowdre silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

Bw |Bowdre silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where drained and either protected

 | from flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

CaA |Calloway silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

CaB2 |Calloway silt loam, 2 to 4 percent slopes, eroded

CeA |Center silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes

CfA |Center silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, occasionally flooded

Cg |Collins silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded

Ch |Commerce silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

Ck |Commerce silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded (where drained)

Cm |Commerce silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where drained and either protected

 | from flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

Cn |Commerce silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded (where drained)

Co |Commerce silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where drained and either

 | protected from flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

Cp |Convent silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

Cr |Convent silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded

Cs |Convent silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded

Ct |Convent-Mhoon complex, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded (where drained)

Cu |Convent-Mhoon complex, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where drained and either protected

 | from flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

De |Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded

Dk |Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where protected from flooding

 | or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

Do |Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded, overwash

Dv |Dekoven silt loam, drained, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded, overwash (where protected from

 | flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

Fa |Falaya silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded (where drained)

Fc |Falaya-Waverly complex, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded (where drained)

FnA |Feliciana silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

FnB |Feliciana silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes

FnB2 |Feliciana silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, eroded

GrA |Grenda silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

GrB |Grenada silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes

GrB2 |Grenada silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, eroded

Ke |Keyespoint silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

Kf |Keyespoint silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where drained and either

 | protected from flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

KrA |Kurk silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

KsA |Kurk silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded (where drained)

KuA |Kurk silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where drained and either protected from

 | flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

LoA |Loring silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

LoB |Loring silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes

LoB2 |Loring silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, eroded

MeA |Memphis silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

MeB |Memphis silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes

 |
Fulton County, Kentucky 237

Table 5.--Prime Farmland--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |

 Map | Soil name

symbol |

 | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |

 |

MeB2 |Memphis silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, eroded

Op |Openlake silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

Os |Openlake silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where drained and either

 | protected from flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

Ph |Phillippy silty clay loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes

Pp |Phillippy silty clay loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, frequently flooded

Rb |Robinsonville fine sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes

Rc |Robinsonville fine sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, occasionally flooded

Rf |Robinsonville fine sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where protected from

 | flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

Ro |Roellen silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded (where drained and either protected

 | from flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

RsA |Routon silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

RtA |Routon silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded (where drained)

RuA |Routon silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where drained and either protected from

 | flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

Sh |Sharkey silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

Sk |Sharkey silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where drained and either protected

 | from flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

Tc |Tunica silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

Tu |Tunica silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where drained and either protected

 | from flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

Wa |Ware loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

Wm |Ware loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded

Wr |Ware silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

Ws |Ware silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where protected from flooding or not

 | frequently flooded during the growing season)

 | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
238 Soil Survey

Table 6.--Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Crops and Pasture

(Yields are those that can be expected under a high level of management. They are for nonirrigated

 areas. Absence of a yield indicates that the soil is not suited to the crop or the crop

 generally is not grown on the soil.)

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn | Soybeans |Winter wheat|Grass-legume| Pasture

 and soil name | capability | | | | hay | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | Bu | Bu | Bu | Tons | AUM* __ __ __ ____ ___

 | | | | | |

Ac: | | | | | |

 Adler-------------------| 1 | 170.00 | 50.00 | 60.00 | 5.00 | 10.00

 | | | | | |

Ad: | | | | | |

 Adler-------------------| 2w | 160.00 | 50.00 | 60.00 | 5.00 | 10.00

 | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | |

 Bardwell----------------| 1 | 175.00 | 60.00 | 70.00 | 5.00 | 10.00

 | | | | | |

Bd: | | | | | |

 Bardwell----------------| 2w | 175.00 | 60.00 | 65.00 | 5.00 | 10.00

 | | | | | |

Be: | | | | | |

 Bardwell----------------| 3w | 160.00 | 50.00 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Bf: | | | | | |

 Bardwell----------------| 3w | 150.00 | 50.00 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Bn: | | | | | |

 Bondurant---------------| 2w | 145.00 | 48.00 | 45.00 | 4.50 | 8.00

 | | | | | |

Bo: | | | | | |

 Bondurant---------------| 4w | --- | 45.00 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Br: | | | | | |

 Bowdre------------------| 2w | 140.00 | 40.00 | 40.00 | 3.50 | 7.00

 | | | | | |

Bw: | | | | | |

 Bowdre------------------| 4w | --- | 45.00 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

CaA: | | | | | |

 Calloway----------------| 2w | 130.00 | 45.00 | 45.00 | 4.00 | 8.00

 | | | | | |

CaB2: | | | | | |

 Calloway----------------| 2e | 115.00 | 38.00 | 40.00 | 3.50 | 7.00

 | | | | | |

CeA, CfA: | | | | | |

 Center------------------| 2w | 145.00 | 45.00 | 55.00 | 4.50 | 9.00

 | | | | | |

Cg: | | | | | |

 Collins-----------------| 2w | 150.00 | 50.00 | 60.00 | 4.50 | 9.00

 | | | | | |

Ch, Ck: | | | | | |

 Commerce----------------| 2w | 165.00 | 55.00 | 60.00 | 4.50 | 9.00

 | | | | | |

Cm: | | | | | |

 Commerce----------------| 4w | --- | 45.00 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Cn: | | | | | |

 Commerce----------------| 2w | 160.00 | 50.00 | 50.00 | 4.50 | 9.00

 | | | | | |

Co: | | | | | |

 Commerce----------------| 4w | --- | 40.00 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Cp: | | | | | |

 Convent-----------------| 2w | 145.00 | 45.00 | 55.00 | 4.00 | 8.00

 | | | | | |

 See footnote at end of table.
Fulton County, Kentucky 239

Table 6.--Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Crops and Pasture--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn | Soybeans |Winter wheat|Grass-legume| Pasture

 and soil name | capability | | | | hay | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | Bu | Bu | Bu | Tons | AUM* __ __ __ ____ ___

 | | | | | |

Cr: | | | | | |

 Convent-----------------| 2w | 140.00 | 45.00 | 50.00 | 4.00 | 8.00

 | | | | | |

Cs: | | | | | |

 Convent-----------------| 3w | 125.00 | 38.00 | --- | 3.00 | 6.00

 | | | | | |

Ct: | | | | | |

 Convent-----------------| 2w | 120.00 | 38.00 | --- | 3.50 | 7.00

 | | | | | |

 Mhoon-------------------| 3w | 120.00 | 38.00 | --- | 3.50 | 7.00

 | | | | | |

Cu: | | | | | |

 Convent-----------------| 3w | 115.00 | 38.00 | --- | 3.50 | 6.00

 | | | | | |

 Mhoon-------------------| 3w | 115.00 | 38.00 | --- | 3.50 | 6.00

 | | | | | |

Cv, Cw: | | | | | |

 Crevasse----------------| 6s | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Cx: | | | | | |

 Crevasse----------------| 4s | --- | 20.00 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

De: | | | | | |

 Dekoven-----------------| 2w | 155.00 | 50.00 | 48.00 | 4.50 | 9.00

 | | | | | |

Dk: | | | | | |

 Dekoven-----------------| 3w | 130.00 | 40.00 | --- | 4.00 | 8.00

 | | | | | |

Do: | | | | | |

 Dekoven-----------------| 2w | 155.00 | 50.00 | 48.00 | 4.50 | 9.00

 | | | | | |

Dv: | | | | | |

 Dekoven-----------------| 3w | 130.00 | 40.00 | --- | 4.00 | 8.00

 | | | | | |

Fa: | | | | | |

 Falaya------------------| 2w | 140.00 | 45.00 | 48.00 | 3.50 | 6.50

 | | | | | |

Fc: | | | | | |

 Falaya------------------| 2w | 125.00 | 45.00 | 48.00 | 3.50 | 6.50

 | | | | | |

 Waverly-----------------| 3w | 125.00 | 45.00 | 48.00 | 3.50 | 6.50

 | | | | | |

FnA: | | | | | |

 Feliciana---------------| 1 | 155.00 | 50.00 | 55.00 | 5.00 | 10.00

 | | | | | |

FnB: | | | | | |

 Feliciana---------------| 2e | 155.00 | 50.00 | 55.00 | 5.00 | 10.00

 | | | | | |

FnB2: | | | | | |

 Feliciana---------------| 2e | 150.00 | 48.00 | 50.00 | 5.00 | 10.00

 | | | | | |

FnC2: | | | | | |

 Feliciana---------------| 3e | 140.00 | 45.00 | 50.00 | 4.50 | 9.00

 | | | | | |

FnC3: | | | | | |

 Feliciana---------------| 4e | 130.00 | 40.00 | 48.00 | 4.00 | 8.00

 | | | | | |

FnD3: | | | | | |

 Feliciana---------------| 6e | --- | --- | --- | 3.50 | 7.00

 | | | | | |

FnE3: | | | | | |

 Feliciana---------------| 7e | --- | --- | --- | --- | 5.00

 | | | | | |

 See footnote at end of table.
240 Soil Survey

Table 6.--Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Crops and Pasture--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn | Soybeans |Winter wheat|Grass-legume| Pasture

 and soil name | capability | | | | hay | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | Bu | Bu | Bu | Tons | AUM* __ __ __ ____ ___

 | | | | | |

GrA: | | | | | |

 Grenada-----------------| 2w | 145.00 | 45.00 | 55.00 | 4.50 | 9.00

 | | | | | |

GrB: | | | | | |

 Grenada-----------------| 2e | 145.00 | 45.00 | 55.00 | 4.50 | 9.00

 | | | | | |

GrB2: | | | | | |

 Grenada-----------------| 2e | 140.00 | 45.00 | 50.00 | 4.50 | 9.00

 | | | | | |

GrB3: | | | | | |

 Grenada-----------------| 3e | 120.00 | 40.00 | 45.00 | 3.50 | 7.00

 | | | | | |

GrC2: | | | | | |

 Grenada-----------------| 3e | 125.00 | 45.00 | 48.00 | 4.50 | 9.00

 | | | | | |

GrC3: | | | | | |

 Grenada-----------------| 4e | 115.00 | 35.00 | 45.00 | 3.50 | 7.00

 | | | | | |

GuF: | | | | | |

 Gullied land------------| 7e | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

 Memphis-----------------| 7e | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Ke: | | | | | |

 Keyespoint--------------| 2w | 145.00 | 48.00 | 48.00 | 4.50 | 8.00

 | | | | | |

Kf: | | | | | |

 Keyespoint--------------| 4w | --- | 40.00 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

KrA, KsA: | | | | | |

 Kurk--------------------| 2w | 135.00 | 40.00 | 48.00 | 4.00 | 8.00

 | | | | | |

KuA: | | | | | |

 Kurk--------------------| 3w | 120.00 | 40.00 | --- | 3.50 | 7.00

 | | | | | |

LEVEE. | | | | | |

 Levee | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

LoA: | | | | | |

 Loring------------------| 2w | 150.00 | 50.00 | 55.00 | 5.00 | 10.00

 | | | | | |

LoB: | | | | | |

 Loring------------------| 2e | 150.00 | 50.00 | 55.00 | 5.00 | 10.00

 | | | | | |

LoB2: | | | | | |

 Loring------------------| 2e | 145.00 | 48.00 | 50.00 | 4.50 | 9.00

 | | | | | |

LoB3: | | | | | |

 Loring------------------| 3e | 130.00 | 38.00 | 48.00 | 4.00 | 8.00

 | | | | | |

LoC2: | | | | | |

 Loring------------------| 3e | 135.00 | 40.00 | 48.00 | 4.00 | 8.50

 | | | | | |

LoC3: | | | | | |

 Loring------------------| 4e | 120.00 | 38.00 | 45.00 | 3.50 | 7.00

 | | | | | |

LoD3: | | | | | |

 Loring------------------| 6e | --- | --- | --- | 2.50 | 5.00

 | | | | | |

M-W. | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous Water | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 See footnote at end of table.
Fulton County, Kentucky 241

Table 6.--Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Crops and Pasture--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn | Soybeans |Winter wheat|Grass-legume| Pasture

 and soil name | capability | | | | hay | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | Bu | Bu | Bu | Tons | AUM* __ __ __ ____ ___

 | | | | | |

MeA: | | | | | |

 Memphis-----------------| 1 | 155.00 | 50.00 | 55.00 | 5.00 | 10.00

 | | | | | |

MeB: | | | | | |

 Memphis-----------------| 2e | 155.00 | 50.00 | 55.00 | 5.00 | 10.00

 | | | | | |

MeB2: | | | | | |

 Memphis-----------------| 2e | 150.00 | 50.00 | 50.00 | 5.00 | 10.00

 | | | | | |

MeC2: | | | | | |

 Memphis-----------------| 3e | 140.00 | 45.00 | 50.00 | 4.50 | 9.00

 | | | | | |

MeC3: | | | | | |

 Memphis-----------------| 4e | 130.00 | 40.00 | 48.00 | 4.00 | 8.00

 | | | | | |

MeD3: | | | | | |

 Memphis-----------------| 6e | --- | --- | --- | 3.00 | 5.50

 | | | | | |

MeE3: | | | | | |

 Memphis-----------------| 7e | --- | --- | --- | --- | 5.00

 | | | | | |

MmF: | | | | | |

 Memphis-----------------| 7e | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

 Natchez-----------------| 7e | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Mo: | | | | | |

 Mhoon-------------------| 5w | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Op: | | | | | |

 Openlake----------------| 2w | 145.00 | 48.00 | 45.00 | 4.50 | 8.00

 | | | | | |

Os: | | | | | |

 Openlake----------------| 4w | --- | 40.00 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | |

 Phillippy---------------| 2w | 150.00 | 48.00 | 50.00 | 4.50 | 9.00

 | | | | | |

Pp: | | | | | |

 Phillippy---------------| 3w | 145.00 | 48.00 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

PtD: | | | | | |

 Pits. | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Udorthents--------------| 7e | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Ra. | | | | | |

 Riverwash | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Rb: | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-----------| 1 | 130.00 | 40.00 | 48.00 | 4.00 | 8.00

 | | | | | |

Rc: | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-----------| 2w | 130.00 | 40.00 | 48.00 | 4.00 | 8.00

 | | | | | |

Rf: | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-----------| 3w | 130.00 | 40.00 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

RmD: | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-----------| 4e | --- | --- | --- | 3.00 | 5.00

 | | | | | |

 See footnote at end of table.
242 Soil Survey

Table 6.--Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Crops and Pasture--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn | Soybeans |Winter wheat|Grass-legume| Pasture

 and soil name | capability | | | | hay | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | Bu | Bu | Bu | Tons | AUM* __ __ __ ____ ___

 | | | | | |

Ro: | | | | | |

 Roellen-----------------| 3w | 125.00 | 38.00 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

RsA, RtA: | | | | | |

 Routon------------------| 3w | 125.00 | 38.00 | 40.00 | 3.50 | 7.00

 | | | | | |

RuA: | | | | | |

 Routon------------------| 4w | 115.00 | 38.00 | --- | 3.50 | 7.00

 | | | | | |

Sc: | | | | | |

 Sharkey-----------------| 5w | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Sh: | | | | | |

 Sharkey-----------------| 3w | 115.00 | 38.00 | --- | 3.00 | 6.00

 | | | | | |

Sk: | | | | | |

 Sharkey-----------------| 5w | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Tc: | | | | | |

 Tunica------------------| 3w | 115.00 | 38.00 | --- | 3.00 | 6.00

 | | | | | |

Tu: | | | | | |

 Tunica------------------| 5w | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

UdC: | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

UrB: | | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

W. | | | | | |

 Water | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Wa: | | | | | |

 Ware--------------------| 1 | 135.00 | 48.00 | 55.00 | 4.00 | 8.00

 | | | | | |

Wm: | | | | | |

 Ware--------------------| 2w | 135.00 | 45.00 | 50.00 | 4.00 | 8.00

 | | | | | |

Wr: | | | | | |

 Ware--------------------| 1 | 160.00 | 55.00 | 60.00 | 4.50 | 9.00

 | | | | | |

Ws: | | | | | |

 Ware--------------------| 3w | 140.00 | 45.00 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________

 * Animal-unit month: The amount of forage or feed required to feed one animal unit (one cow, one

horse, one mule, five sheep, or five goats) for 30 days.
Fulton County, Kentucky 243

Table 7.--Acreage by Capability Class and Subclass

__________________________________________________

 | |

 Capability | Capability | Acreage

 class | subclass |

 | | __________________________________________________

 | |

 | |

 Unclassified | --- | 16,826

 1 | --- | 5,537

 2 | e | 28,066

 2 | w | 32,783

 3 | e | 6,045

 3 | w | 12,395

 4 | e | 10,666

 4 | w | 14,486

 4 | s | 282

 5 | w | 8,094

 6 | e | 3,508

 6 | s | 4,550

 7 | e | 4,250

 | | __________________________________________________
244 Soil Survey

Table 8.--Forest Productivity

(Only the soils suitable for production of commercial trees are listed. Absence

 of an entry indicates that information was not available.)

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity | ___________________________________

 Map symbol and | |Site | Volume |

 soil name | Common trees |index|of wood | Trees to manage

 | | | fiber | _________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |cu ft/ac| ________

 | | | |

Ac, Ad: | | | |

 Adler-------------------|American sycamore---| 115 | 186 |American sycamore,

 |cherrybark oak------| 100 | 157 | cherrybark oak,

 |eastern cottonwood--| 120 | 186 | eastern

 |green ash-----------| 95 | 57 | cottonwood, green

 |sweetgum------------| 100 | 143 | ash, sweetgum

 |water oak-----------| 100 | 100 |

 |willow oak----------| 100 | 100 |

 | | | |

Ba, Bd, Be, Bf: | | | |

 Bardwell----------------|American elm--------| --- | --- |black walnut,

 |boxelder------------| --- | --- | cherrybark oak,

 |common hackberry----| --- | --- | green ash, pecan,

 |green ash-----------| --- | --- | sweetgum,

 |pecan---------------| --- | --- | tuliptree

 |silver maple--------| --- | --- |

 |sweetgum------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

Bn, Bo: | | | |

 Bondurant---------------|American sycamore---| 100 | 129 |American sycamore,

 |cherrybark oak------| 100 | 143 | cherrybark oak,

 |eastern cottonwood--| 110 | 157 | eastern

 |green ash-----------| 90 | --- | cottonwood,

 |Nuttall oak---------| 100 | 100 | sweetgum

 |pecan---------------| --- | --- |

 |sugarberry----------| --- | --- |

 |sweetgum------------| 95 | 114 |

 | | | |

Br, Bw: | | | |

 Bowdre------------------|American elm--------| --- | --- |American sycamore,

 |boxelder------------| --- | --- | eastern

 |cherrybark oak------| 90 | 57 | cottonwood, green

 |common hackberry----| --- | --- | ash, sweetgum

 |eastern cottonwood--| 103 | 129 |

 |sweetgum------------| 99 | 129 |

 | | | |

CaA, CaB2: | | | |

 Calloway----------------|cherrybark oak------| 80 | 114 |loblolly pine,

 |loblolly pine-------| 80 | 129 | sweetgum,

 |shortleaf pine------| 70 | 114 | tuliptree

 |sweetgum------------| 80 | 86 |

 |tuliptree-----------| 98 | 100 |

 |water oak-----------| 80 | 72 |

 | | | |

CeA, CfA: | | | |

 Center------------------|American elm--------| --- | --- |American sycamore,

 |American sycamore---| 90 | 100 | cherrybark oak,

 |blackgum------------| --- | --- | eastern

 |eastern cottonwood--| 95 | 114 | cottonwood, green

 |silver maple--------| --- | --- | ash, southern red

 |southern red oak----| 75 | 57 | oak, sweetgum

 |swamp white oak-----| --- | --- |

 |sweetgum------------| 90 | 100 |

 |tuliptree-----------| 90 | 86 |

 | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 245

Table 8.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity | ___________________________________

 Map symbol and | |Site | Volume |

 soil name | Common trees |index|of wood | Trees to manage

 | | | fiber | _________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |cu ft/ac| ________

 | | | |

Cg: | | | |

 Collins-----------------|American elm--------| --- | --- |American sycamore,

 |American sycamore---| 95 | 114 | cherrybark oak,

 |cherrybark oak------| 120 | 186 | green ash,

 |green ash-----------| 95 | 57 | loblolly pine,

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | sweetgum,

 |southern red oak----| --- | --- | tuliptree

 |sweetgum------------| 100 | 143 |

 |tuliptree-----------| 102 | 114 |

 | | | |

Ch, Ck: | | | |

 Commerce----------------|eastern cottonwood--| 120 | 186 |American sycamore,

 |green ash-----------| 80 | --- | eastern

 |overcup oak---------| --- | --- | cottonwood, green

 |sugarberry----------| --- | --- | ash, Nuttall oak,

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- | overcup oak

 | | | |

Cm: | | | |

 Commerce----------------|eastern cottonwood--| 113 | 172 |American sycamore,

 |Nuttall oak---------| --- | --- | eastern

 |overcup oak---------| --- | --- | cottonwood, green

 |sugarberry----------| --- | --- | ash, Nuttall oak,

 |water hickory-------| --- | --- | overcup oak

 | | | |

Cn: | | | |

 Commerce----------------|eastern cottonwood--| 120 | 186 |American sycamore,

 |green ash-----------| 80 | --- | eastern

 |overcup oak---------| --- | --- | cottonwood, green

 |sugarberry----------| --- | --- | ash, Nuttall oak,

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- | overcup oak

 | | | |

Co: | | | |

 Commerce----------------|eastern cottonwood--| 113 | 172 |American sycamore,

 |Nuttall oak---------| --- | --- | eastern

 |overcup oak---------| --- | --- | cottonwood, green

 |sugarberry----------| --- | --- | ash, Nuttall oak,

 |water hickory-------| --- | --- | overcup oak

 | | | |

Cp, Cr: | | | |

 Convent-----------------|American sycamore---| --- | --- |cherrybark oak,

 |eastern cottonwood--| 120 | 186 | pecan, Shumard's

 |green ash-----------| 80 | 57 | oak, water oak

 |Nuttall oak---------| 90 | --- |

 |pecan---------------| --- | --- |

 |sweetgum------------| 110 | 172 |

 |water oak-----------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

Cs: | | | |

 Convent-----------------|American sycamore---| --- | --- |American sycamore,

 |green ash-----------| --- | --- | eastern

 |pin oak-------------| --- | --- | cottonwood, green

 |river birch---------| --- | --- | ash, sweetgum

 |sweetgum------------| 105 | 157 |

 |willow oak----------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

Ct, Cu: | | | |

 Convent-----------------|American sycamore---| --- | --- |American sycamore,

 |green ash-----------| --- | --- | eastern

 |pin oak-------------| --- | --- | cottonwood, green

 |river birch---------| --- | --- | ash, sweetgum

 |sweetgum------------| 105 | 157 |

 |willow oak----------| --- | --- |

 | | | |
246 Soil Survey

Table 8.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity | ___________________________________

 Map symbol and | |Site | Volume |

 soil name | Common trees |index|of wood | Trees to manage

 | | | fiber | _________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |cu ft/ac| ________

 | | | |

Ct, Cu: | | | |

 Mhoon-------------------|black willow--------| --- | --- |American sycamore,

 |eastern cottonwood--| 102 | 129 | eastern

 |silver maple--------| --- | --- | cottonwood, green

 | | | | ash, sweetgum

 | | | |

Cv, Cw, Cx: | | | |

 Crevasse----------------|eastern cottonwood--| 90 | 100 |eastern cottonwood

 |sweetgum------------| 90 | 100 |

 |white oak-----------| 100 | 72 |

 | | | |

De, Dk, Do, Dv: | | | |

 Dekoven-----------------|American sycamore---| --- | --- |American sycamore,

 |black willow--------| --- | --- | pin oak, sweetgum

 |green ash-----------| --- | --- |

 |overcup oak---------| --- | --- |

 |pin oak-------------| --- | --- |

 |shellbark hickory---| --- | --- |

 |silver maple--------| --- | --- |

 |swamp white oak-----| --- | --- |

 |sweetgum------------| 95 | 114 |

 | | | |

Fa: | | | |

 Falaya------------------|black willow--------| --- | --- |cherrybark oak,

 |blackgum------------| --- | --- | eastern

 |cherrybark oak------| 108 | 186 | cottonwood, green

 |eastern cottonwood--| 112 | 157 | ash, pin oak,

 |green ash-----------| 90 | 129 | sweetgum

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 |pin oak-------------| --- | --- |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |river birch---------| --- | --- |

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- |

 |sweetgum------------| 102 | 143 |

 |water oak-----------| 100 | 100 |

 | | | |

Fc: | | | |

 Falaya------------------|black willow--------| --- | --- |cherrybark oak,

 |blackgum------------| --- | --- | eastern

 |cherrybark oak------| 108 | 186 | cottonwood, green

 |eastern cottonwood--| 112 | 157 | ash, pin oak,

 |green ash-----------| 90 | 129 | sweetgum

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 |pin oak-------------| --- | --- |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |river birch---------| --- | --- |

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- |

 |sweetgum------------| 102 | 143 |

 |water oak-----------| 100 | 100 |

 | | | |

 Waverly-----------------|cherrybark oak------| 100 | 143 |American sycamore,

 |loblolly pine-------| 95 | 143 | cherrybark oak,

 |Nuttall oak---------| 100 | --- | loblolly pine,

 |pin oak-------------| --- | --- | sweetgum, water

 |sweetgum------------| 100 | 143 | oak, water tupelo,

 |water oak-----------| 95 | 86 | willow oak

 |willow oak----------| 95 | 86 |

 | | | |

FnA, FnB, FnB2, FnC2, | | | |

 FnC3, FnD3, FnE3: | | | |

 Feliciana--------------|cherrybark oak------| 90 | 114 |cherrybark oak,

 |loblolly pine-------| 90 | 129 | loblolly pine,

 |sweetgum------------| 90 | 100 | southern red oak

 | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 247

Table 8.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity | ___________________________________

 Map symbol and | |Site | Volume |

 soil name | Common trees |index|of wood | Trees to manage

 | | | fiber | _________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |cu ft/ac| ________

 | | | |

GrA, GrB, GrB2, GrB3, | | | |

 GrC2, GrC3: | | | |

 Grenada----------------|black oak-----------| 68 | 43 |cherrybark oak,

 |cherrybark oak------| 85 | 100 | loblolly pine,

 |loblolly pine-------| 85 | 114 | shortleaf pine,

 |shortleaf pine------| 75 | 114 | Shumard's oak,

 |southern red oak----| 80 | 57 | slash pine,

 |sweetgum------------| 80 | 86 | sweetgum, water

 | | | | oak, white oak

 | | | |

GuF: | | | |

 Gullied land------------|loblolly pine-------| 80 | 114 |loblolly pine,

 |sweetgum------------| 80 | 86 | sweetgum,

 |tuliptree-----------| 90 | 86 | tuliptree

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 57 |

 | | | |

 Memphis-----------------|cherrybark oak------| 90 | 114 |cherrybark oak

 |loblolly pine-------| 90 | 129 |

 |sweetgum------------| 90 | 100 |

 | | | |

Ke, Kf: | | | |

 Keyespoint--------------|American sycamore---| 100 | 129 |American sycamore,

 |cherrybark oak------| 100 | 143 | cherrybark oak,

 |eastern cottonwood--| 110 | 157 | eastern

 |green ash-----------| 90 | --- | cottonwood,

 |Nuttall oak---------| --- | 143 | sweetgum

 |pecan---------------| --- | --- |

 |sugarberry----------| --- | --- |

 |sweetgum------------| 95 | 114 |

 | | | |

KrA, KsA, KuA: | | | |

 Kurk--------------------|cherrybark oak------| 85 | 100 |cherrybark oak,

 |hickory-------------| 85 | --- | eastern

 |red maple-----------| 75 | 43 | cottonwood, green

 |southern red oak----| 80 | 57 | ash, sweetgum,

 |sweetgum------------| 90 | 100 | tuliptree

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 57 |

 | | | |

LoA, LoB, LoB2, LoB3, | | | |

 LoC2,LoC3, LoD3: | | | |

 Loring-----------------|cherrybark oak------| 86 | 100 |cherrybark oak,

 |loblolly pine-------| 85 | 114 | loblolly pine,

 |southern red oak----| 74 | 57 | shortleaf pine,

 |sweetgum------------| 90 | 100 | southern red oak,

 |water oak-----------| 82 | 72 | tuliptree

 | | | |

MeA, MeB, MeB2, MeC2, | | | |

 MeC3, MeD3: | | | |

 Memphis----------------|cherrybark oak------| 90 | 114 |cherrybark oak,

 |loblolly pine-------| 90 | 129 | loblolly pine,

 |sweetgum------------| 90 | 100 | tuliptree

 | | | |

MeE3: | | | |

 Memphis-----------------|cherrybark oak------| 90 | 114 |cherrybark oak,

 |loblolly pine-------| 90 | 129 | tuliptree

 |sweetgum------------| 90 | 100 |

 |tuliptree-----------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

MmF: | | | |

 Memphis-----------------|cherrybark oak------| 90 | 114 |cherrybark oak,

 |loblolly pine-------| 90 | 129 | tuliptree

 |sweetgum------------| 90 | 100 |

 |tuliptree-----------| --- | --- |

 | | | |
248 Soil Survey

Table 8.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity | ___________________________________

 Map symbol and | |Site | Volume |

 soil name | Common trees |index|of wood | Trees to manage

 | | | fiber | _________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |cu ft/ac| ________

 | | | |

MmF: | | | |

 Natchez-----------------|eastern cottonwood--| 105 | 143 |American sycamore,

 |loblolly pine-------| 90 | 129 | eastern

 |sweetgum------------| 105 | 157 | cottonwood, green

 | | | | ash, loblolly

 | | | | pine, sweetgum,

 | | | | tuliptree

 | | | |

Mo: | | | |

 Mhoon-------------------|baldcypress---------| 80 | 57 |American sycamore,

 |black willow--------| --- | --- | baldcypress,

 |silver maple--------| --- | --- | eastern

 |water tupelo--------| --- | --- | cottonwood, green

 | | | | ash, sweetgum

 | | | |

Op, Os: | | | |

 Openlake----------------|American sycamore---| 100 | 129 |American sycamore,

 |cherrybark oak------| 100 | 143 | cherrybark oak,

 |eastern cottonwood--| 110 | 157 | eastern

 |green ash-----------| 90 | --- | cottonwood,

 |Nuttall oak---------| 100 | 100 | sweetgum

 |pecan---------------| --- | --- |

 |sugarberry----------| --- | --- |

 |sweetgum------------| 95 | 114 |

 | | | |

Ph, Pp: | | | |

 Phillippy---------------|baldcypress---------| --- | --- |baldcypress,

 |eastern cottonwood--| 95 | 114 | eastern

 |pin oak-------------| 80 | 57 | cottonwood, pin

 | | | | oak

 | | | |

Rb, Rc, Rf, RmD: | | | |

 Robinsonville-----------|American sycamore---| 115 | --- |American sycamore,

 |eastern cottonwood--| 110 | 157 | eastern

 |green ash-----------| 85 | 57 | cottonwood,

 |sweetgum------------| 105 | 157 | sweetgum

 | | | |

Ro: | | | |

 Roellen-----------------|cherrybark oak------| 90 | 114 |eastern cottonwood,

 |eastern cottonwood--| 100 | 129 | sweetgum

 |sweetgum------------| 90 | 100 |

 |water oak-----------| 90 | 86 |

 | | | |

RsA, RtA, RuA: | | | |

 Routon------------------|cherrybark oak------| 110 | 186 |American sycamore,

 |sweetgum------------| 105 | 157 | cherrybark oak,

 |water oak-----------| 90 | 86 | eastern

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 57 | cottonwood, green

 |willow oak----------| 90 | 86 | ash, sweetgum

 | | | |

Sc, Sh, Sk: | | | |

 Sharkey-----------------|baldcypress---------| --- | --- |baldcypress,

 |black willow--------| --- | --- | sweetgum

 |green ash-----------| 90 | 57 |

 |overcup oak---------| 96 | --- |

 |sugarberry----------| --- | --- |

 |sweetgum------------| 90 | 100 |

 |water hickory-------| --- | --- |

 |water tupelo--------| --- | --- |

 | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 249

Table 8.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity | ___________________________________

 Map symbol and | |Site | Volume |

 soil name | Common trees |index|of wood | Trees to manage

 | | | fiber | _________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |cu ft/ac| ________

 | | | |

Tc: | | | |

 Tunica------------------|cherrybark oak------| 90 | 114 |American sycamore,

 |eastern cottonwood--| 105 | 143 | cherrybark oak,

 |green ash-----------| 100 | 57 | eastern

 |Nuttall oak---------| 105 | --- | cottonwood, green

 |sweetgum------------| 90 | 100 | ash, Nuttall oak,

 | | | | sweetgum

 | | | |

Tu: | | | |

 Tunica------------------|cherrybark oak------| 90 | 114 |baldcypress,

 |eastern cottonwood--| 105 | 143 | cherrybark oak,

 |green ash-----------| --- | --- | eastern cottonwood

 |Nuttall oak---------| --- | --- |

 |overcup oak---------| --- | --- |

 |sugarberry----------| 100 | 57 |

 |water hickory-------| --- | --- |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________________
250 Soil Survey

Table 9a.--Forestland Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for

 onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the

 value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings | hazard

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ac: | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Ad: | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 95 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Bd: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Be, Bf: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Bn: | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Stickiness/slope |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Bo: | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Stickiness/slope |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Br: | | | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Stickiness/slope |0.50 | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Bw: | | | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | Stickiness/slope |0.50 | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CaA, CaB2: | | | | | | |

 Calloway------------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CeA: | | | | | | |

 Center--------------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 251

Table 9a.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings | hazard

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CfA: | | | | | | |

 Center--------------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Cg: | | | | | | |

 Collins-------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Ck: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Cm: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Cn: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Co: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Cp: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Cr: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Cs: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ct: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 55 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 40 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Wetness |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | |

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |
252 Soil Survey

Table 9a.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings | hazard

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Cu: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 55 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 40 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Cv: | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Slight | |Well suited | |Moderate |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Cw, Cx: | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderate |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

De: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Dk: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Do: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Dv: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Fa: | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Fc: | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 50 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Waverly-------------| 45 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | |

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FnA, FnB, FnB2: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 253

Table 9a.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings | hazard

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

FnC2: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FnC3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FnD3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FnE3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Landslides |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Landslides |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

GrA: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

GrB: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

GrB2: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

GrB3: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

GrC2, GrC3: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

GuF: | | | | | | |

 Gullied land--------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 35 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Landslides |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Landslides |1.00 | |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ke: | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |
254 Soil Survey

Table 9a.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings | hazard

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Kf: | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 90 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

KrA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

KsA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

KuA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

LEVEE: | | | | | | |

 Levee---------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

LoA, LoB, LoB2: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | | | |

LoB3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

LoC2: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

LoC3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

LoD3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

M-W: | | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous | | | | | | |

 Water--------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

MeA, MeB, MeB2: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 95 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 255

Table 9a.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings | hazard

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MeC2: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 95 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MeC3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MeD3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MeE3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Landslides |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Landslides |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MmF: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 55 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Landslides |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Landslides |1.00 | |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Natchez-------------| 35 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Landslides |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Landslides |1.00 | |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Mo: | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 90 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Wetness |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Wetness |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Op: | | | | | | |

 Openlake------------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Stickiness/slope |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Os: | | | | | | |

 Openlake------------| 90 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Stickiness/slope |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Pp: | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

PtD: | | | | | | |

 Pits----------------| 75 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |
256 Soil Survey

Table 9a.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings | hazard

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

PtD: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Ra: | | | | | | |

 Riverwash-----------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Rb: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Rc: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Rf: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

RmD: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | |

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ro: | | | | | | |

 Roellen-------------| 85 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | Stickiness/slope |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

RsA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

RtA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | |

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

RuA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Sc: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Wetness |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Wetness |1.00

 | | Stickiness/slope |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Sh: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 85 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Stickiness/slope |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 257

Table 9a.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings | hazard

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Sk: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Stickiness/slope |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Tc: | | | | | | |

 Tunica--------------| 90 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Stickiness/slope |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Tu: | | | | | | |

 Tunica--------------| 90 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | Stickiness/slope |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

UdC: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 55 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

UrB: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 65 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

W: | | | | | | |

 Water---------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Wa: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Wm: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Wr: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Ws: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |0.50 | Flooding |0.50 | Strength |1.00

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________
258 Soil Survey

Table 9b.--Forestland Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for

 onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the

 value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface) _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ac: | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ad: | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 95 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Bd: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Be, Bf: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Bn: | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Bo: | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Br: | | | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Bw: | | | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CaA: | | | | | | |

 Calloway------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CaB2: | | | | | | |

 Calloway------------| 90 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.10 | Slope/erodibility|0.44 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 259

Table 9b.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface) _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CeA: | | | | | | |

 Center--------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.05 | Slope/erodibility|0.22 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CfA: | | | | | | |

 Center--------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.05 | Slope/erodibility|0.22 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Cg: | | | | | | |

 Collins-------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ck: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Cm: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Cn: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Co: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Cp: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Cr: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Cs: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ct: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 55 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 40 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |
260 Soil Survey

Table 9b.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface) _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Cu: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 55 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 40 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Cv: | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Well suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | |

 | | | | | | |

Cw: | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Cx: | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | |

De: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Dk: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Do: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Dv: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Fa: | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Fc: | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 50 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Waverly-------------| 45 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 261

Table 9b.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface) _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

FnA, FnB, FnB2: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FnC2: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.22 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FnC3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.22 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FnD3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.39 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FnE3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.61 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Landslides |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GrA: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GrB: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.10 | Slope/erodibility|0.44 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GrB2: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.10 | Slope/erodibility|0.44 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GrB3: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.12 | Slope/erodibility|0.56 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GrC2, GrC3: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.22 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GuF: | | | | | | |

 Gullied land--------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 35 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.98 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Landslides |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ke: | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |
262 Soil Survey

Table 9b.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface) _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Kf: | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

KrA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

KsA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

KuA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LEVEE: | | | | | | |

 Levee---------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

LoA: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LoB, LoB2: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.10 | Slope/erodibility|0.44 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LoB3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.12 | Slope/erodibility|0.56 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LoC2: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 85 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.22 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LoC3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.22 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LoD3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.39 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

M-W: | | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous | | | | | | |

 Water--------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

MeA: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 95 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 263

Table 9b.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface) _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MeB, MeB2: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 95 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.10 | Slope/erodibility|0.44 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MeC2: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 95 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.22 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MeC3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.22 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MeD3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.39 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MeE3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.61 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Landslides |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MmF: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 55 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.85 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Landslides |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Natchez-------------| 35 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.85 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Landslides |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Mo: | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.01 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Op: | | | | | | |

 Openlake------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Os: | | | | | | |

 Openlake------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Pp: | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | |
264 Soil Survey

Table 9b.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface) _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

PtD: | | | | | | |

 Pits----------------| 75 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Ra: | | | | | | |

 Riverwash-----------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Rb: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Rc: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Rf: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

RmD: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 90 |Moderate | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.24 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ro: | | | | | | |

 Roellen-------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

RsA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

RtA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

RuA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Sc: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 265

Table 9b.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface) _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Sh: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Sk: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Tc: | | | | | | |

 Tunica--------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Tu: | | | | | | |

 Tunica--------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

UdC: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 55 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

UrB: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 65 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

W: | | | | | | |

 Water---------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Wa: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Wm: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Wr: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ws: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________
266 Soil Survey

Table 9c.--Forestland Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for

 onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the

 value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ac: | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ad: | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 95 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Bd: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Be, Bf: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Bn, Bo: | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------| 80 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Br, Bw: | | | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------| 85 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CaA, CaB2: | | | | | | |

 Calloway------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CeA, CfA: | | | | | | |

 Center--------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Cg: | | | | | | |

 Collins-------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ck: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Cm: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Cn: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 267

Table 9c.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Co: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Cp, Cr, Cs: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ct, Cu: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 55 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 40 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Cv, Cw, Cx: | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Well suited |

 | | Sandiness |0.50 | Sandiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

De: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Dk, Do, Dv: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Fa: | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Fc: | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 50 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Waverly-------------| 45 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FnA, FnB, FnB2: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FnC2: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FnC3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FnD3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FnE3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |
268 Soil Survey

Table 9c.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

GrA: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GrB: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GrB2: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GrB3: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GrC2, GrC3: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GuF: | | | | | | |

 Gullied land--------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 35 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ke: | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 85 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Kf: | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 90 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

KrA, KsA, KuA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LEVEE: | | | | | | |

 Levee---------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

LoA, LoB, LoB2: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LoB3, LoC2: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 85 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LoC3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LoD3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Well suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.75 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

M-W: | | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous | | | | | | |

 Water--------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 269

Table 9c.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MeA, MeB, MeB2: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 95 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MeC2: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 95 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MeC3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MeD3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MeE3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MmF: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 55 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.50

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Natchez-------------| 35 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Mo: | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 90 |Unsuited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Wetness |1.00 | Wetness |1.00 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Op, Os: | | | | | | |

 Openlake------------| 90 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ph, Pp: | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------| 85 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

PtD: | | | | | | |

 Pits----------------| 75 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Ra: | | | | | | |

 Riverwash-----------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Rb, Rc: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Rf: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |
270 Soil Survey

Table 9c.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

RmD: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 90 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ro: | | | | | | |

 Roellen-------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

RsA, RtA, RuA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Sc: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Unsuited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Wetness |1.00 | Wetness |1.00 | Wetness |1.00

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Sh: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 85 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Sk: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Tc, Tu: | | | | | | |

 Tunica--------------| 90 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

UdC: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 55 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

UrB: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 65 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

W: | | | | | | |

 Water---------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Wa, Wm, Wr, Ws: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fulton County, Kentucky 271

Table 9d.--Forestland Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does

 not eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value

 columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the greater the

 limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

______________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for

 Map symbol | of | mechanical site | mechanical site

 and soil name |map | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep) ___________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value ______________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

 | | | | |

Ac: | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Ad: | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 95 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Ba: | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Bd: | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Be, Bf: | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Bn, Bo: | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------| 80 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

Br, Bw: | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------| 85 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

CaA, CaB2: | | | | |

 Calloway------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

CeA, CfA: | | | | |

 Center--------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Cg: | | | | |

 Collins-------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Ch: | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Ck: | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Cm: | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Cn: | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Co: | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Cp, Cr, Cs: | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Ct, Cu: | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 55 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 40 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |
272 Soil Survey

Table 9d.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for

 Map symbol | of | mechanical site | mechanical site

 and soil name |map | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep) ___________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value ______________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

 | | | | |

Cv, Cw, Cx: | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

De: | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Dk, Do, Dv: | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Fa: | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Fc: | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 50 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

 Waverly-------------| 45 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

FnA, FnB, FnB2, FnC2:| | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

FnC3: | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

FnD3, FnE3: | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

GrA: | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

GrB: | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

GrB2: | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

GrB3: | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

GrC2, GrC3: | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

GuF: | | | | |

 Gullied land--------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 35 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

Ke: | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 85 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

Kf: | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 90 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

KrA, KsA, KuA: | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

LEVEE: | | | | |

 Levee---------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 273

Table 9d.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for

 Map symbol | of | mechanical site | mechanical site

 and soil name |map | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep) ___________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value ______________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

 | | | | |

LoA, LoB, LoB2: | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

LoB3, LoC2: | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

LoC3: | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

LoD3: | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

M-W: | | | | |

 Miscellaneous | | | | |

 Water--------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

MeA, MeB, MeB2, MeC2:| | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 95 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

MeC3: | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

MeD3, MeE3: | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

MmF: | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 55 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

 Natchez-------------| 35 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

Mo: | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 90 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Wetness |1.00 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | |

Op, Os: | | | | |

 Openlake------------| 90 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

Ph, Pp: | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------| 85 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

PtD: | | | | |

 Pits----------------| 75 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Ra: | | | | |

 Riverwash-----------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Rb, Rc: | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Rf, RmD: | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |
274 Soil Survey

Table 9d.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for

 Map symbol | of | mechanical site | mechanical site

 and soil name |map | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep) ___________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value ______________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

 | | | | |

Ro: | | | | |

 Roellen-------------| 85 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

RsA, RtA, RuA: | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Sc: | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Wetness |1.00 | Wetness |1.00

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

Sh: | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 85 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

Sk: | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

Tc, Tu: | | | | |

 Tunica--------------| 90 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

UdC: | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 55 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

UrB: | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 65 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

W: | | | | |

 Water---------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Wa, Wm, Wr, Ws: | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | | ______________________________________________________________________________
Fulton County, Kentucky 275

Table 10a.--Recreation

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for

 onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the

 value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name |map | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ac: | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

Ad: | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 95 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

Bd: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 85 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Be, Bf: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Bn: | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to |0.56 | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Bo: | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Restricted |1.00 | permeability | | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | Depth to |0.56 | permeability |

 | | Depth to |0.88 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Br: | | | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.98 | Restricted |0.94 | Depth to |0.98

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.94 | Depth to |0.75 | Restricted |0.94

 | | permeability | | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

Bw: | | | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Restricted |0.94 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.98 | permeability | | Depth to |0.98

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.75 | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.94 | saturated zone | | Restricted |0.94

 | | permeability | | Flooding |0.40 | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

CaA: | | | | | | |

 Calloway------------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |0.94 | Restricted |0.96

 | | permeability | | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |
276 Soil Survey

Table 10a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name |map | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CaB2: | | | | | | |

 Calloway------------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |0.94 | Restricted |0.96

 | | permeability | | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.12

 | | | | | | |

CeA: | | | | | | |

 Center--------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Restricted |0.21 | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Depth to |0.19 | Restricted |0.21

 | | permeability | | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

CfA: | | | | | | |

 Center--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Restricted |0.21 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Depth to |0.39 | permeability | | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.19 | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.21 | saturated zone | | Restricted |0.21

 | | permeability | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

Cg: | | | | | | |

 Collins-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Restricted |0.21 | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Depth to |0.19 | Restricted |0.21

 | | permeability | | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

Ck: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Restricted |0.21 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Depth to |0.39 | permeability | | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.19 | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.21 | saturated zone | | Restricted |0.21

 | | permeability | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

Cm: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Restricted |0.21 | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Depth to |0.19 | Restricted |0.21

 | | permeability | | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

Cn: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Restricted |0.21 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Depth to |0.39 | permeability | | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.19 | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.21 | saturated zone | | Restricted |0.21

 | | permeability | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 277

Table 10a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name |map | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Co: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Restricted |0.21 | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Depth to |0.19 | Restricted |0.21

 | | permeability | | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

Cp: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.95 | Depth to |0.68 | Depth to |0.95

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Cr: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.68 | Depth to |0.95

 | | Depth to |0.95 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Cs: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.68 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.95 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.95

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Ct: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 55 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.68 | Depth to |0.95

 | | Depth to |0.95 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 40 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |0.98

 | | Depth to |0.98 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.75 | Restricted |0.96

 | | Restricted |0.96 | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | permeability | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Cu: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 55 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.68 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.95 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.95

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 40 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Restricted |0.96 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.98 | permeability | | Depth to |0.98

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.75 | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | saturated zone | | Restricted |0.96

 | | permeability | | Flooding |0.40 | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

Cv: | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Too sandy |0.92 | Too sandy |0.92

 | | Too sandy |0.92 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Cw: | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Too sandy |0.92 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Too sandy |0.92 | Flooding |0.40 | Too sandy |0.92

 | | | | | | |
278 Soil Survey

Table 10a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name |map | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Cx: | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

De: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.75 | Depth to |0.98

 | | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Dk: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.75 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.98

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Do: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.19 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Depth to |0.39 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Dv: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |0.19 | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Fa: | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.75 | Depth to |0.98

 | | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Fc: | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 50 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.75 | Depth to |0.98

 | | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

 Waverly-------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

FnA: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

FnB, FnB2: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FnC2, FnC3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FnD3, FnE3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 279

Table 10a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name |map | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

GrA: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |0.19 | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

GrB: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |0.19 | Slope |0.50

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.39

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

GrB2: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |0.19 | Slope |0.50

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.39

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

GrB3: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to |0.56 | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.88

 | | | | | | |

GrC2: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.96

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |0.19 | permeability |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.39

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

GrC3: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.96

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to |0.56 | permeability |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.88

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

GuF: | | | | | | |

 Gullied land--------| 60 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Ke: | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |0.75 | Depth to |0.98

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |
280 Soil Survey

Table 10a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name |map | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Kf: | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Restricted |1.00 | permeability | | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | Depth to |0.75 | permeability |

 | | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.98

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

KrA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

KsA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Restricted |0.21 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Restricted |0.21 | permeability | | Restricted |0.21

 | | permeability | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

KuA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

LEVEE: | | | | | | |

 Levee---------------|100 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

LoA: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.81 | Depth to |0.48 | Depth to |0.81

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

LoB, LoB2: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.81 | Depth to |0.48 | Depth to |0.81

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Slope |0.50

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

LoB3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to |0.56 | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.88

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 281

Table 10a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name |map | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

LoC2: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.81 | Depth to |0.48 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.81

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | saturated zone |

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.21

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

LoC3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.96

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to |0.56 | permeability |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.88

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

LoD3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to |0.56 | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

M-W: | | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous | | | | | | |

 water--------------|100 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

MeA: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 95 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

MeB, MeB2: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 95 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MeC2, MeC3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 95 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

MeD3, MeE3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

MmF: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Natchez-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Mo: | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |
282 Soil Survey

Table 10a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name |map | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Op: | | | | | | |

 Openlake------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to |0.56 | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Os: | | | | | | |

 Openlake------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Restricted |1.00 | permeability | | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | Depth to |0.56 | permeability |

 | | Depth to |0.88 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

Pp: | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Restricted |1.00 | permeability | | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | Flooding |0.40 | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

PtD: | | | | | | |

 Pits----------------| 75 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 15 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

Ra: | | | | | | |

 Riverwash-----------|100 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

Rb: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

Rc: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 85 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Rf: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

RmD: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Ro: | | | | | | |

 Roellen-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Restricted |0.94 | Restricted |0.94

 | | Restricted |0.94 | permeability | | permeability |

 | | permeability | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 283

Table 10a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name |map | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

RsA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

RtA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | | Restricted |0.96 | permeability | | permeability |

 | | permeability | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

RuA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Restricted |0.96 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.96 | permeability | | Restricted |0.96

 | | permeability | | Flooding |0.40 | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

Sc: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Sh: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Sk: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Restricted |1.00 | permeability | | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | Too clayey |1.00 | permeability |

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Tc: | | | | | | |

 Tunica--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | |
284 Soil Survey

Table 10a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name |map | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Tu: | | | | | | |

 Tunica--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Restricted |1.00 | permeability | | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | Too clayey |1.00 | permeability |

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | |

UdC: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 55 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 35 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

UrB: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 65 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 20 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

W: | | | | | | |

 Water---------------|100 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

Wa: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

Wm: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Wr: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

Ws: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fulton County, Kentucky 285

Table 10b.--Recreational Development

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for

 onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the

 value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name |map | | motorcycle trails |

 |unit| | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ac: | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

Ad: | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 95 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

Bd: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Be, Bf: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Bn: | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.56

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Bo: | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.56

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Br: | | | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Bw: | | | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.75

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

CaA, CaB2: | | | | | | |

 Calloway------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.94

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.46

 | | | | | | pan |

 | | | | | | |

CeA: | | | | | | |

 Center--------------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |
286 Soil Survey

Table 10b.--Recreational Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name |map | | motorcycle trails |

 |unit| | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CfA: | | | | | | |

 Center--------------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Cg: | | | | | | |

 Collins-------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Ck: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Cm: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Cn: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Co: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Cp: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.56

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Cr: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Flooding |0.60

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.56

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Cs: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.56

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Ct: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 55 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Flooding |0.60

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.56

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 287

Table 10b.--Recreational Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name |map | | motorcycle trails |

 |unit| | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ct: | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 40 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Cu: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 55 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.56

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 40 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.75

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Cv: | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too sandy |0.92 | Too sandy |0.92 | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Cw: | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too sandy |0.92 | Too sandy |0.92 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Cx: | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.86

 | | | | | | |

De: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Dk: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.75

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Do: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Dv: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Fa: | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |
288 Soil Survey

Table 10b.--Recreational Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name |map | | motorcycle trails |

 |unit| | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Fc: | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 50 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

 Waverly-------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

FnA, FnB, FnB2: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

FnC2: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

FnC3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

FnD3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.02 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FnE3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

GrA: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.56

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.46

 | | | | | | pan |

 | | | | | | |

GrB: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.56

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.46

 | | | | | | pan |

 | | | | | | |

GrB2: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to cemented|0.79

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | pan |

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.56

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

GrB3: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to cemented|1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | pan |

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.56

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 289

Table 10b.--Recreational Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name |map | | motorcycle trails |

 |unit| | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

GrC2: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.56

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.46

 | | | | | | pan |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

GrC3: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to cemented|1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | pan |

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.56

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

GuF: | | | | | | |

 Gullied land--------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Ke: | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.56

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Kf: | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.56

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

KrA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.73 | Depth to |0.73 | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

KsA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.73 | Depth to |0.73 | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

KuA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.73 | Depth to |0.73 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.88

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

LEVEE: | | | | | | |

 Levee---------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

LoA, LoB: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.46

 | | | | | | pan |

 | | | | | | |
290 Soil Survey

Table 10b.--Recreational Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name |map | | motorcycle trails |

 |unit| | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

LoB2: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.84

 | | | | | | pan |

 | | | | | | |

LoB3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to cemented|0.99

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | pan |

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.56

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

LoC2: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.99

 | | | | | | pan |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

LoC3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to cemented|0.99

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | pan |

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.56

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

LoD3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to cemented|0.99

 | | Slope |0.02 | | | pan |

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.56

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

M-W: | | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous | | | | | | |

 Water--------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

MeA, MeB, MeB2: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 95 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

MeC2: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 95 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

MeC3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

MeD3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.02 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

MeE3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

MmF: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 55 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.78 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 291

Table 10b.--Recreational Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name |map | | motorcycle trails |

 |unit| | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MmF: | | | | | | |

 Natchez-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.78 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Mo: | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Op: | | | | | | |

 Openlake------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.56

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Os: | | | | | | |

 Openlake------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.18 | Depth to |0.56

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

Pp: | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

PtD: | | | | | | |

 Pits----------------| 75 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Ra: | | | | | | |

 Riverwash-----------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Rb: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

Rc: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Rf: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

RmD: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Ro: | | | | | | |

 Roellen-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | |
292 Soil Survey

Table 10b.--Recreational Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name |map | | motorcycle trails |

 |unit| | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

RsA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

RtA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

RuA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Sc: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Sh: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Sk: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Tc: | | | | | | |

 Tunica--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Tu: | | | | | | |

 Tunica--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | |

UdC: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 55 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

UrB: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 65 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 293

Table 10b.--Recreational Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| | |

 Map symbol | of | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name |map | | motorcycle trails |

 |unit| | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

W: | | | | | | |

 Water---------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Wa: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

Wm: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Wr: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

Ws: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________
294 Soil Survey

Table 11.--Wildlife Habitat

(See text for definitions of terms used in this table. Absence of an entry indicates that no rating is

 applicable.)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for-- __________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | Grain | | Wild | | | | | Open- | Wood- |Wetland

 and soil name | and |Grasses|herba- | Hard- |Conif- |Wetland|Shallow| land | land | wild-

 | seed | and | ceous | wood | erous |plants | water | wild- | wild- | life

 | crops |legumes|plants | trees |plants | | areas | life | life | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ac, Ad: | | | | | | | | | |

 Adler-------------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ba, Bd: | | | | | | | | | |

 Bardwell----------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Be, Bf: | | | | | | | | | |

 Bardwell----------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Bn: | | | | | | | | | |

 Bondurant---------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Bo: | | | | | | | | | |

 Bondurant---------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Br: | | | | | | | | | |

 Bowdre------------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Poor |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Bw: | | | | | | | | | |

 Bowdre------------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Poor |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

CaA, CaB2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Calloway----------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

CeA, CfA: | | | | | | | | | |

 Center------------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Cg: | | | | | | | | | |

 Collins-----------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ch, Ck: | | | | | | | | | |

 Commerce----------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Cm: | | | | | | | | | |

 Commerce----------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Cn: | | | | | | | | | |

 Commerce----------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Co: | | | | | | | | | |

 Commerce----------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Cp, Cr: | | | | | | | | | |

 Convent-----------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Cs: | | | | | | | | | |

 Convent-----------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ct, Cu: | | | | | | | | | |

 Convent-----------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Mhoon-------------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good

 | | | | | | | | | |

Cv, Cw, Cx: | | | | | | | | | |

 Crevasse----------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Poor |Poor |Poor |Very |Fair |Poor |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 295

Table 11.--Wildlife Habitat--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for-- __________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | Grain | | Wild | | | | | Open- | Wood- |Wetland

 and soil name | and |Grasses|herba- | Hard- |Conif- |Wetland|Shallow| land | land | wild-

 | seed | and | ceous | wood | erous |plants | water | wild- | wild- | life

 | crops |legumes|plants | trees |plants | | areas | life | life | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

De: | | | | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-----------------|Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Dk: | | | | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-----------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Do: | | | | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-----------------|Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Dv: | | | | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-----------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Fa: | | | | | | | | | |

 Falaya------------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Fc: | | | | | | | | | |

 Falaya------------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Waverly-----------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

FnA, FnB, FnB2, FnC2, | | | | | | | | | |

 FnC3, FnD3, FnE3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Feliciana--------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

GrA, GrB, GrB2, GrB3, | | | | | | | | | |

 GrC2, GrC3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Grenada----------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

GuF: | | | | | | | | | |

 Gullied land. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis-----------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ke: | | | | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint--------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Kf: | | | | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint--------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

KrA, KsA: | | | | | | | | | |

 Kurk--------------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

KuA: | | | | | | | | | |

 Kurk--------------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

LEVEE. | | | | | | | | | |

 Levee | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

LoA, LoB, LoB2, LoB3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Loring------------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

LoC2, LoC3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Loring------------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

LoD3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Loring------------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |
296 Soil Survey

Table 11.--Wildlife Habitat--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for-- __________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | Grain | | Wild | | | | | Open- | Wood- |Wetland

 and soil name | and |Grasses|herba- | Hard- |Conif- |Wetland|Shallow| land | land | wild-

 | seed | and | ceous | wood | erous |plants | water | wild- | wild- | life

 | crops |legumes|plants | trees |plants | | areas | life | life | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

M-W. | | | | | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous Water | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

MeA, MeB, MeB2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis-----------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

MeC2, MeC3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis-----------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

MeD3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis-----------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

MeE3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis-----------------|Very |Poor |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Poor |Good |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

MmF: | | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis-----------------|Very |Poor |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Poor |Good |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Natchez-----------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Mo: | | | | | | | | | |

 Mhoon-------------------|Very |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good

 | poor | | poor | poor | poor | | | poor | poor |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Op: | | | | | | | | | |

 Openlake----------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Os: | | | | | | | | | |

 Openlake----------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | | | | |

 Phillippy---------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Pp: | | | | | | | | | |

 Phillippy---------------|Fair |Fair |Poor |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Fair |Fair |Poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

PtD: | | | | | | | | | |

 Pits. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ra. | | | | | | | | | |

 Riverwash | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Rb, Rc: | | | | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-----------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Rf: | | | | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-----------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

RmD: | | | | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-----------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 297

Table 11.--Wildlife Habitat--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for-- __________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | Grain | | Wild | | | | | Open- | Wood- |Wetland

 and soil name | and |Grasses|herba- | Hard- |Conif- |Wetland|Shallow| land | land | wild-

 | seed | and | ceous | wood | erous |plants | water | wild- | wild- | life

 | crops |legumes|plants | trees |plants | | areas | life | life | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ro: | | | | | | | | | |

 Roellen-----------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Good |Good

 | | | | | | | | | |

RsA, RtA, RuA: | | | | | | | | | |

 Routon------------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Sc: | | | | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-----------------|Very |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good

 | poor | | poor | poor | poor | | | poor | poor |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Sh: | | | | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-----------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Good |Good

 | | | | | | | | | |

Sk: | | | | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-----------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Poor |Fair |Fair

 | | | | | | | | | |

Tc: | | | | | | | | | |

 Tunica------------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good

 | | | | | | | | | |

Tu: | | | | | | | | | |

 Tunica------------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good

 | | | | | | | | | |

UdC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

UrB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

W. | | | | | | | | | |

 Water | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Wa, Wm, Wr: | | | | | | | | | |

 Ware--------------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ws: | | | | | | | | | |

 Ware--------------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________
298 Soil Survey

Table 12a.--Building Site Development

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for

 onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the

 value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ac: | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 85 |Not limited | |Very limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ad: | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 95 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Not limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | Depth to |0.35 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Bd: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.35 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Be, Bf: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.35 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Bn: | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.88 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Bo: | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.88 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Br: | | | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.98

 | | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Bw: | | | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.98

 | | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 299

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CaA, CaB2: | | | | | | |

 Calloway------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to thick |0.46 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to thick |0.46

 | | cemented pan | | cemented pan | | cemented pan |

 | | | | | | |

CeA: | | | | | | |

 Center--------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

CfA: | | | | | | |

 Center--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Cg: | | | | | | |

 Collins-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.82 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | Depth to |0.39 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Ck: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | Depth to |0.39 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Cm: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | Depth to |0.39 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Cn: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | Depth to |0.39 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Co: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | Depth to |0.39 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Cp: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |
300 Soil Survey

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Cr, Cs: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Ct, Cu: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.98

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Cv, Cw, Cx: | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.24 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

De: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.98

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Dk: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.98

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Do, Dv: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Fa: | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.98

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Fc: | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.98

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

 Waverly-------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

FnA, FnB, FnB2: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 301

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

FnC2: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FnC3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FnD3, FnE3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

GrA: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to thick |0.46 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to thick |0.46

 | | cemented pan | | cemented pan | | cemented pan |

 | | | | | | |

GrB: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to thick |0.46 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to thick |0.46

 | | cemented pan | | cemented pan | | cemented pan |

 | | | | | | |

GrB2: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to thick |0.80 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to thick |0.80

 | | cemented pan | | cemented pan | | cemented pan |

 | | | | | | |

GrB3: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00

 | | cemented pan | | saturated zone | | cemented pan |

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | cemented pan | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.12

 | | | | | | |

GrC2: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.88

 | | Depth to thick |0.46 | Depth to thick |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | cemented pan | | cemented pan | | Depth to thick |0.46

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | cemented pan |

 | | | | | | |

GrC3: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | cemented pan | | saturated zone | | Depth to thick |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to thick |1.00 | cemented pan |

 | | saturated zone | | cemented pan | | Depth to |0.88

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

GuF: | | | | | | |

 Gullied land--------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |
302 Soil Survey

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ke: | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.88 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Kf: | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.88 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

KrA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

KsA, KuA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

LEVEE: | | | | | | |

 Levee---------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

LoA, LoB: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to thick |0.46 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to thick |0.46

 | | cemented pan | | cemented pan | | cemented pan |

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

LoB2: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to thick |0.84 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to thick |0.84

 | | cemented pan | | cemented pan | | cemented pan |

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

LoB3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to thick |0.99 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to thick |0.99

 | | cemented pan | | saturated zone | | cemented pan |

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | cemented pan | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.12

 | | | | | | |

LoC2: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to thick |0.99 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | cemented pan | | cemented pan | | Depth to thick |0.99

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to |1.00 | cemented pan |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 303

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

LoC3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to thick |0.99 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | cemented pan | | saturated zone | | Depth to thick |0.99

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Depth to thick |1.00 | cemented pan |

 | | saturated zone | | cemented pan | | Depth to |0.88

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

LoD3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.88 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | Slope |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | Depth to thin |0.99 | |

 | | | | cemented pan | | |

 | | | | | | |

M-W: | | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous | | | | | | |

 Water--------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

MeA, MeB, MeB2: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 95 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

MeC2: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 95 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

MeC3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

MeD3, MeE3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

MmF: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Natchez-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Mo: | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Op: | | | | | | |

 Openlake------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.88 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Os: | | | | | | |

 Openlake------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.88 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.88

 | | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |
304 Soil Survey

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------| 85 |Not limited | |Very limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Pp: | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

PtD: | | | | | | |

 Pits----------------| 75 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Ra: | | | | | | |

 Riverwash-----------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Rb: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 85 |Not limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Rc: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Rf: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

RmD: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ro: | | | | | | |

 Roellen-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | | | | |

RsA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

RtA, RuA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 305

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Sc: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Sh: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Sk: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Tc: | | | | | | |

 Tunica--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | | | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Tu: | | | | | | |

 Tunica--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | | | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | | | | |

UdC: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 55 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

UrB: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 65 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

W: | | | | | | |

 Water---------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Wa: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Not limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | Depth to |0.61 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Wm: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.61 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Wr: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Not limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | Depth to |0.61 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |
306 Soil Survey

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ws: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.61 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fulton County, Kentucky 307

Table 12b.--Building Site Development

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for

 onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the

 value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of | streets | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ac: | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 85 |Not limited | |Very limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ad: | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 95 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | | Low strength |0.78 | Depth to |0.35 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Bd: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Low strength |0.78 | Depth to |0.35 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Be: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.78 | Depth to |0.35 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Bf: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |0.35 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Bn: | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.56

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.56 | Too clayey |0.32 | |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Bo: | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.56

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.56 | Too clayey |0.32 | |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |
308 Soil Survey

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of | streets | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Br: | | | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.75

 | | Depth to |0.75 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.28 | |

 | | | | | | |

Bw: | | | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | | Depth to |0.75 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.28 | |

 | | | | | | |

CaA: | | | | | | |

 Calloway------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to |0.94

 | | Depth to |0.94 | cemented pan | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to cemented|0.46

 | | Depth to thick |0.46 | saturated zone | | pan |

 | | cemented pan | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

CaB2: | | | | | | |

 Calloway------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to |0.94

 | | Depth to |0.94 | cemented pan | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to cemented|0.84

 | | Depth to thick |0.84 | saturated zone | | pan |

 | | cemented pan | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

CeA: | | | | | | |

 Center--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.19

 | | Depth to |0.19 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

CfA: | | | | | | |

 Center--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.19

 | | Depth to |0.19 | Flooding |0.60 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Cg: | | | | | | |

 Collins-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.82 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.19

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.19 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 309

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of | streets | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ck: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.19

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Flooding |0.60 | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.19 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Cm: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.19

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.19 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Cn: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.19

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Flooding |0.60 | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.19 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Co: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.19

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.19 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Cp: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.68 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.68

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Cr: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.68

 | | Depth to |0.68 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Cs: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.68 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.68

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ct: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.68

 | | Depth to |0.68 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |
310 Soil Survey

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of | streets | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ct: | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.75 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Cu: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.68 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.68

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.75

 | | Depth to |0.75 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Cv: | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | Depth to |0.24 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Cw: | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Flooding |0.80 | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.24 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Cx: | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Flooding |0.80 | Droughty |0.86

 | | | | Depth to |0.24 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

De: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.75 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Dk: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.75

 | | Depth to |0.75 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Do: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.19

 | | Depth to |0.19 | Flooding |0.60 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 311

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of | streets | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Dv: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.19

 | | Depth to |0.19 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Fa: | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | | Depth to |0.75 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Fc: | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | | Depth to |0.75 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Waverly-------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FnA, FnB, FnB2: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

FnC2: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Slope |0.04

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

FnC3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Slope |0.04

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

FnD3, FnE3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

GrA: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to cemented|0.46

 | | Depth to thick |0.46 | cemented pan | | pan |

 | | cemented pan | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.19

 | | Depth to |0.19 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

GrB: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to cemented|0.46

 | | Depth to thick |0.46 | cemented pan | | pan |

 | | cemented pan | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.19

 | | Depth to |0.19 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |
312 Soil Survey

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of | streets | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

GrB2: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to cemented|0.79

 | | Depth to thick |0.80 | cemented pan | | pan |

 | | cemented pan | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.19

 | | Depth to |0.19 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

GrB3: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00

 | | Depth to thick |1.00 | cemented pan | | pan

 | | cemented pan | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.56

 | | Depth to |0.56 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

GrC2: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to cemented|0.79

 | | Depth to thick |0.80 | cemented pan | | pan |

 | | cemented pan | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.19

 | | Depth to |0.19 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Slope |0.04

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

GrC3: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00

 | | Depth to thick |1.00 | cemented pan | | pan |

 | | cemented pan | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.56

 | | Depth to |0.56 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Slope |0.04

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

GuF: | | | | | | |

 Gullied land--------| 60 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ke: | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.75 | Too clayey |0.12 | |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Kf: | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.75

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.75 | Too clayey |0.12 | |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

KrA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.88

 | | Depth to |0.88 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 313

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of | streets | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

KsA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.88

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

KuA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.88

 | | Depth to |0.88 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

LEVEE: | | | | | | |

 Levee---------------|100 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

LoA, LoB: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to |0.48

 | | Depth to |0.48 | cemented pan | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to cemented|0.35

 | | Depth to thick |0.35 | saturated zone | | pan |

 | | cemented pan | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

LoB2: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to cemented|0.84

 | | Depth to thick |0.84 | cemented pan | | pan |

 | | cemented pan | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.48

 | | Depth to |0.48 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

LoB3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to cemented|0.99

 | | Depth to thick |0.99 | cemented pan | | pan |

 | | cemented pan | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.56

 | | Depth to |0.56 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

LoC2: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to cemented|0.84

 | | Depth to thick |0.84 | cemented pan | | pan |

 | | cemented pan | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.48

 | | Depth to |0.48 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Slope |0.04

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

LoC3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to cemented|0.99

 | | Depth to thick |0.99 | cemented pan | | pan |

 | | cemented pan | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.56

 | | Depth to |0.56 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Slope |0.04

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |
314 Soil Survey

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of | streets | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

LoD3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to cemented|1.00

 | | Depth to |0.56 | Slope |1.00 | pan |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to thin |1.00 | Depth to |0.56

 | | | | cemented pan | | saturated zone |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

M-W: | | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous | | | | | | |

 Water--------------|100 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

MeA, MeB, MeB2: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 95 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

MeC2: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 95 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Slope |0.04

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

MeC3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Slope |0.04

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

MeD3, MeE3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

MmF: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Natchez-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Mo: | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Op: | | | | | | |

 Openlake------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.56

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.56 | Too clayey |0.72 | |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Os: | | | | | | |

 Openlake------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.56

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.56 | Too clayey |0.72 | |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 315

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of | streets | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------| 85 |Not limited | |Very limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | |

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Pp: | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Flooding |0.80 | |

 | | | | | | |

PtD: | | | | | | |

 Pits----------------| 75 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 15 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

Ra: | | | | | | |

 Riverwash-----------|100 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

Rb: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 85 |Not limited | |Very limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | |

 | | | | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Rc: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Rf: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Flooding |0.80 | |

 | | | | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

RmD: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Slope |0.63

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ro: | | | | | | |

 Roellen-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Too clayey |0.88 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

RsA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |
316 Soil Survey

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of | streets | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

RtA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

RuA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Sc: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Too clayey |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Sh: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Sk: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Flooding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Tc: | | | | | | |

 Tunica--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Too clayey |0.12 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Tu: | | | | | | |

 Tunica--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Too clayey |0.12 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | saturated zone |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

UdC: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 55 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 35 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

UrB: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 65 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 20 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 317

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of | streets | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

W: | | | | | | |

 Water---------------|100 |Not Rated | |Not Rated | |Not Rated |

 | | | | | | |

Wa: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Not limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | Depth to |0.61 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Wm: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.61 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Wr: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Not limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | Depth to |0.61 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ws: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Flooding |0.80 | |

 | | | | Depth to |0.61 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Table 13.--Sanitary Facilities (The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The nu

 columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings i_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary |  Map symbol | of | absorption fields | | landfill | landfill ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | 

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | lim

______

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ac: | | | | | | | | | |  Adler-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | De | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | s | | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ad: | | | | | | | | | |  Adler-------------| 95 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ba: | | | | | | | | | |  Bardwell----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not  | | Depth to |0.84 | Seepage |0.53 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 |  | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.17 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |0.46 | saturated zone | | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Bd: | | | | | | | | | |  Bardwell----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 |  | | Depth to |0.84 | Seepage |0.53 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 |  | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.17 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |0.46 | saturated zone | | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Be, Bf: | | | | | | | | | |  Bardwell----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 |  | | Depth to |0.84 | Seepage |0.53 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 |  | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.17 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |0.46 | saturated zone | | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 13.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary |  Map symbol | of | absorption fields | | landfill | landfill ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | 

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | lim

______

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Bn: | | | | | | | | | |  Bondurant---------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very  | | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.96 | To | | permeability | | Depth to |0.04 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Ha | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | De | | saturated zone | | | | Seepage |1.00 | | | s | | Filtering |1.00 | | | | | | |  | | capacity | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Bo: | | | | | | | | | |  Bondurant---------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | To | | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.96 | Ha | | permeability | | Depth to |0.04 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | De | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | s | | saturated zone | | | | Seepage |1.00 | | |  | | Filtering |1.00 | | | | | | |  | | capacity | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Br: | | | | | | | | | |  Bowdre------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | De | | permeability | | Depth to |0.01 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | s | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Too sandy |1.00 | saturated zone | | Se | | saturated zone | | | | Seepage |1.00 | | | To | | | | | | | | | | Bw: | | | | | | | | | |  Bowdre------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | s | | permeability | | Depth to |0.01 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Se | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Too sandy |1.00 | saturated zone | | To | | saturated zone | | | | Seepage |1.00 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | CaA: | | | | | | | | | |  Calloway----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | De | | pan | | pan | | saturated zone | | pan | | p | | Depth to |1.00 | | | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | De | | saturated zone | | | | cemented pan | | saturated zone | | s | | Restricted |0.46 | | | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 13.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary |  Map symbol | of | absorption fields | | landfill | landfill ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | 

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | lim

______

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | CaB2: | | | | | | | | | |  Calloway----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | De | | pan | | pan | | saturated zone | | pan | | p | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |0.32 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | De | | saturated zone | | | | cemented pan | | saturated zone | | s | | Restricted |0.46 | | | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | CeA: | | | | | | | | | |  Center------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | De | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | s | | Restricted |1.00 | | | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | CfA: | | | | | | | | | |  Center------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |1.00 | | | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Cg: | | | | | | | | | |  Collins-----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 |  | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 |  | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ch: | | | | | | | | | |  Commerce----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | De | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | s | | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |0.28 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ck: | | | | | | | | | |  Commerce----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |0.28 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 13.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary |  Map symbol | of | absorption fields | | landfill | landfill ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | 

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | lim

______

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Cm: | | | | | | | | | |  Commerce----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |0.28 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Cn: | | | | | | | | | |  Commerce----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |0.28 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Co: | | | | | | | | | |  Commerce----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |0.28 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Cp: | | | | | | | | | |  Convent-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | De | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | s | | Restricted |0.50 | Seepage |0.50 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Cr, Cs: | | | | | | | | | |  Convent-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |0.50 | Seepage |0.50 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ct, Cu: | | | | | | | | | |  Convent-----------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |0.50 | Seepage |0.50 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 13.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary |  Map symbol | of | absorption fields | | landfill | landfill ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | 

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | lim

______

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ct, Cu: | | | | | | | | | |  Mhoon-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Ha | | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | De | | permeability | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | s | | Depth to |1.00 | | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | To | | saturated zone | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Cv, Cw, Cx: | | | | | | | | | |  Crevasse----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | To | | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Se | | capacity | | Depth to |0.02 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Depth to |0.65 | saturated zone | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 |  | | saturated zone | | | | Too sandy |1.00 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | De: | | | | | | | | | |  Dekoven-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Dk: | | | | | | | | | |  Dekoven-----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Do, Dv: | | | | | | | | | |  Dekoven-----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 13.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary |  Map symbol | of | absorption fields | | landfill | landfill ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | 

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | lim

______

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Fa: | | | | | | | | | |  Falaya------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |0.78 | Seepage |0.21 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Fc: | | | | | | | | | |  Falaya------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |0.78 | Seepage |0.21 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | |  Waverly-----------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | FnA, FnB, FnB2: | | | | | | | | | |  Feliciana---------| 95 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not  | | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | FnC2: | | | | | | | | | |  Feliciana---------| 95 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Some | | Restricted |0.46 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Sl | | permeability | | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | Slope |0.04 | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | FnC3: | | | | | | | | | |  Feliciana---------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Some | | Restricted |0.46 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Sl | | permeability | | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | Slope |0.04 | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | FnD3, FnE3: | | | | | | | | | |  Feliciana---------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Sl | | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 13.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary |  Map symbol | of | absorption fields | | landfill | landfill ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | 

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | lim

______

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | GrA: | | | | | | | | | |  Grenada-----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | De | | pan | | pan | | saturated zone | | pan | | p | | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |0.53 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to |0.96 | De | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.04 | cemented pan | | saturated zone | | s | | Restricted |0.46 | saturated zone | | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | GrB: | | | | | | | | | |  Grenada-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | De | | pan | | pan | | saturated zone | | pan | | p | | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |0.53 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to |0.96 | De | | saturated zone | | Slope |0.32 | cemented pan | | saturated zone | | s | | Restricted |0.46 | Depth to |0.04 | | | | |  | | permeability | | saturated zone | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | GrB2: | | | | | | | | | |  Grenada-----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | De | | pan | | pan | | saturated zone | | pan | | p | | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |0.53 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to |0.96 | De | | saturated zone | | Slope |0.32 | cemented pan | | saturated zone | | s | | Restricted |0.46 | Depth to |0.04 | | | | |  | | permeability | | saturated zone | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | GrB3: | | | | | | | | | |  Grenada-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | De | | pan | | pan | | saturated zone | | pan | | p | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |0.68 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to |0.96 | De | | saturated zone | | Seepage |0.53 | cemented pan | | saturated zone | | s | | | | Depth to |0.04 | | | | |  | | | | saturated zone | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | GrC2: | | | | | | | | | |  Grenada-----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | De | | pan | | pan | | saturated zone | | pan | | p | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to |0.96 | De | | saturated zone | | Seepage |0.53 | cemented pan | | saturated zone | | s | | Restricted |0.46 | Depth to |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Sl | | permeability | | saturated zone | | | | | |  | | Slope |0.04 | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 13.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary |  Map symbol | of | absorption fields | | landfill | landfill ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | 

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | lim

______

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | GrC3: | | | | | | | | | |  Grenada-----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | De | | pan | | pan | | saturated zone | | pan | | p | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to |0.96 | De | | saturated zone | | Seepage |0.53 | cemented pan | | saturated zone | | s | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Sl | | | | saturated zone | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | GuF: | | | | | | | | | |  Gullied land------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | |  Memphis-----------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Sl | | Restricted |0.50 | Seepage |0.50 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ke: | | | | | | | | | |  Keyespoint--------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very  | | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.96 | To | | permeability | | Depth to |0.04 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | De | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | | | | | s | | saturated zone | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Kf: | | | | | | | | | |  Keyespoint--------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | To | | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.96 | De | | permeability | | Depth to |0.04 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | s | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | | | | |  | | saturated zone | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | KrA: | | | | | | | | | |  Kurk--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Depth to |1.00 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | De | | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | s | | Restricted |1.00 | | | | | | | To | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | KsA, KuA: | | | | | | | | | |  Kurk--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Depth to |1.00 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | To | | Restricted |1.00 | | | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 13.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary |  Map symbol | of | absorption fields | | landfill | landfill ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | 

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | lim

______

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | LEVEE: | | | | | | | | | |  Levee-------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | | LoA: | | | | | | | | | |  Loring------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | De | | pan | | pan | | cemented pan | | pan | | p | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.81 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.19 | De | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | s | | | | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | LoB: | | | | | | | | | |  Loring------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | De | | pan | | pan | | cemented pan | | pan | | p | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.81 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.19 | De | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | s | | | | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | | | Slope |0.32 | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | LoB2: | | | | | | | | | |  Loring------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | De | | pan | | pan | | cemented pan | | pan | | p | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.81 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.19 | De | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | s | | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | permeability | | Slope |0.32 | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | LoB3: | | | | | | | | | |  Loring------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | De | | pan | | pan | | saturated zone | | pan | | p | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |0.68 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to |0.96 | De | | saturated zone | | Seepage |0.53 | cemented pan | | saturated zone | | s | | | | Depth to |0.04 | | | | |  | | | | saturated zone | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | LoC2: | | | | | | | | | |  Loring------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | De | | pan | | pan | | cemented pan | | pan | | p | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.19 | De | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.81 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | s | | Slope |0.04 | saturated zone | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Sl | | | | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 13.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary |  Map symbol | of | absorption fields | | landfill | landfill ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | 

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | lim

______

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | LoC3: | | | | | | | | | |  Loring------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | De | | pan | | pan | | saturated zone | | pan | | p | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to thick |1.00 | Depth to |0.96 | De | | saturated zone | | Seepage |0.53 | cemented pan | | saturated zone | | s | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Sl | | | | saturated zone | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | LoD3: | | | | | | | | | |  Loring------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to cemented|1.00 | De | | pan | | pan | | saturated zone | | pan | | p | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Sl | | saturated zone | | Seepage |0.53 | Depth to thin |0.50 | Depth to |0.96 | De | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to |0.04 | cemented pan | | saturated zone | | s | | | | saturated zone | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | M-W: | | | | | | | | | |  Miscellaneous | | | | | | | | | |  Water------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | | MeA: | | | | | | | | | |  Memphis-----------| 95 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not  | | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | MeB, MeB2: | | | | | | | | | |  Memphis-----------| 95 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not  | | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | permeability | | Slope |0.32 | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | MeC2: | | | | | | | | | |  Memphis-----------| 95 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Some | | Restricted |0.46 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Sl | | permeability | | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | Slope |0.04 | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | MeC3: | | | | | | | | | |  Memphis-----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Some | | Restricted |0.46 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Sl | | permeability | | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | Slope |0.04 | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 13.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary |  Map symbol | of | absorption fields | | landfill | landfill ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | 

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | lim

______

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | MeD3, MeE3: | | | | | | | | | |  Memphis-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Sl | | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | MmF: | | | | | | | | | |  Memphis-----------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Sl | | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | |  Natchez-----------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Sl | | Restricted |0.50 | Seepage |0.50 | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Mo: | | | | | | | | | |  Mhoon-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Restricted |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Po | | permeability | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | De | | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | sa | | Depth to |1.00 | | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Ha | | saturated zone | | | | | | | | To | | | | | | | | | | Op: | | | | | | | | | |  Openlake----------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very  | | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |0.04 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.96 | To | | permeability | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Ha | | Depth to |1.00 | | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | De | | saturated zone | | | | | | | | s | | | | | | | | | | Os: | | | | | | | | | |  Openlake----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | To | | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |0.04 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.96 | Ha | | permeability | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | De | | Depth to |1.00 | | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | s | | saturated zone | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ph: | | | | | | | | | |  Phillippy---------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Se | | permeability | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | To | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Too sandy |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | De | | saturated zone | | | | Seepage |1.00 | | | s | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 13.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary |  Map symbol | of | absorption fields | | landfill | landfill ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | 

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | lim

______

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Pp: | | | | | | | | | |  Phillippy---------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Se | | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | To | | permeability | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | De | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Too sandy |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | s | | saturated zone | | | | Seepage |1.00 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | PtD: | | | | | | | | | |  Pits--------------| 75 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | |  Udorthents--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | | Ra: | | | | | | | | | |  Riverwash---------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | | Rb: | | | | | | | | | |  Robinsonville-----| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Depth to |0.40 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Se | | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | | | | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 |  | | | | | | | | | | Rc: | | | | | | | | | |  Robinsonville-----| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Se | | Depth to |0.40 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 |  | | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | | | | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 |  | | | | | | | | | | Rf: | | | | | | | | | |  Robinsonville-----| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Se | | Depth to |0.40 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 |  | | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | | | | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 |  | | | | | | | | | | RmD: | | | | | | | | | |  Robinsonville-----| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Some | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Sl | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Se | | Depth to |0.40 | Seepage |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | saturated zone | | | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 |  | | | | | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 13.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary |  Map symbol | of | absorption fields | | landfill | landfill ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | 

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | lim

______

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ro: | | | | | | | | | |  Roellen-----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |0.18 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | permeability | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | To | | Depth to |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Ha | | saturated zone | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | RsA: | | | | | | | | | |  Routon------------| 80 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Restricted |1.00 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | De | | permeability | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | s | | Depth to |1.00 | | | | | | |  | | saturated zone | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | RtA, RuA: | | | | | | | | | |  Routon------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Restricted |1.00 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | permeability | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Depth to |1.00 | | | | | | |  | | saturated zone | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Sc: | | | | | | | | | |  Sharkey-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Restricted |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Po | | permeability | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | De | | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | s | | Depth to |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | To | | saturated zone | | | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Ha | | | | | | | | | | Sh: | | | | | | | | | |  Sharkey-----------| 85 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Restricted |1.00 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | De | | permeability | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | s | | Depth to |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | To | | saturated zone | | | | | | | | Ha | | | | | | | | | | Sk: | | | | | | | | | |  Sharkey-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Restricted |1.00 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | permeability | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | To | | Depth to |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Ha | | saturated zone | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 13.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary |  Map symbol | of | absorption fields | | landfill | landfill ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | 

______

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | lim

______

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Tc: | | | | | | | | | |  Tunica------------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |0.21 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | De | | permeability | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | s | | Depth to |1.00 | | | | | | |  | | saturated zone | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Tu: | | | | | | | | | |  Tunica------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | De | | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |0.21 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | s | | permeability | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Depth to |1.00 | | | | | | |  | | saturated zone | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | UdC: | | | | | | | | | |  Udorthents--------| 55 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | |  Urban land--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | | UrB: | | | | | | | | | |  Urban land--------| 65 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | |  Udorthents--------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | | W: | | | | | | | | | |  Water-------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | | Wa: | | | | | | | | | |  Ware--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Se | | capacity | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.71 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 |  | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | | | | |  | | Restricted |0.46 | | | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 13.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary |  Map symbol | of | absorption fields | | landfill | landfill ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | 

______

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | lim

______

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Wm: | | | | | | | | | |  Ware--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Se | | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 |  | | capacity | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.71 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 |  | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | | | | |  | | Restricted |0.46 | | | | | | |  | | permeability | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Wr: | | | | | | | | | |  Ware--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Se | | capacity | | Depth to |0.71 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 |  | | saturated zone | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ws: | | | | | | | | | |  Ware--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very  | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Se | | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 |  | | capacity | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | |  | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.71 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 |  | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | 
Table 14.--Construction Materials (The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The 

 the thickest layer are for the thickest layer above and excluding the bottom layer. The numbers in the value columns range fr greater the value, the greater the likelihood that the bottom layer or thickest layer of the soil is a source of sand or grav further explanation of ratings in this table.) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | P Map symbol | of | gravel | sand | reclamation material | roadfill | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

____

and soil name |map | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| | | | | limiting features | | limiting features | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________lim

____

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ac: | | | | | | | | | |  Adler----------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.89 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.90 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ad: | | | | | | | | | |  Adler----------| 95 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.89 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.90 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ba: | | | | | | | | | |  Bardwell-------| 80 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Good | |Good  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | | |  | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Bd: | | | | | | | | | |  Bardwell-------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Good | |Good  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | | |  | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Be, Bf: | | | | | | | | | |  Bardwell-------| 80 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Good | |Good  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | | |  | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Bn, Bo: | | | | | | | | | |  Bondurant------| 80 |Poor | |Fair | |Poor | |Fair | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.24 | To | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.08 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | De | | | | | | Too clayey |0.00 | Shrink-swell |0.45 | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.99 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Br, Bw: | | | | | | | | | |  Bowdre---------| 85 |Poor | |Fair | |Poor | |Fair | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.14 | To | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.52 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | De | | | | | | Too clayey |0.00 | Shrink-swell |0.99 | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.99 | | | 
Table 14.--Construction Materials--Continued ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | P Map symbol | of | gravel | sand | reclamation material | roadfill | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

____

and soil name |map | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| | | | | limiting features | | limiting features | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________lim

____

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | CaA, CaB2: | | | | | | | | | |  Calloway-------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Poor | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Too acid |0.46 | Depth to cemented|0.00 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Depth to cemented|0.54 | pan | | s | | | | | | pan | | Depth to |0.04 | De | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | saturated zone | | p | | | | | | | | | | CeA, CfA: | | | | | | | | | |  Center---------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.53 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.74 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Cg: | | | | | | | | | |  Collins--------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Good | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | | | To | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.32 | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.90 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ch: | | | | | | | | | |  Commerce-------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.53 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.90 | Shrink-swell |0.99 |  | | | | | | | | | | Ck: | | | | | | | | | |  Commerce-------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.53 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.90 | Shrink-swell |0.99 |  | | | | | | | | | | Cm: | | | | | | | | | |  Commerce-------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.53 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.90 | Shrink-swell |0.99 |  | | | | | | | | | | Cn: | | | | | | | | | |  Commerce-------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.53 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.99 | Shrink-swell |0.98 |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 14.--Construction Materials--Continued ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | P Map symbol | of | gravel | sand | reclamation material | roadfill | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

____

and soil name |map | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| | | | | limiting features | | limiting features | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________lim

____

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Co: | | | | | | | | | |  Commerce-------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.53 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.99 | Shrink-swell |0.99 |  | | | | | | | | | | Cp, Cr: | | | | | | | | | |  Convent--------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.88 | Depth to |0.24 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.90 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Cs: | | | | | | | | | |  Convent--------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.88 | Depth to |0.24 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.90 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ct, Cu: | | | | | | | | | |  Convent--------| 55 |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.88 | Depth to |0.24 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.90 | | |  | | | | | | | | | |  Mhoon----------| 40 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.14 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.90 | Shrink-swell |0.87 |  | | | | | | | | | | Cv, Cw: | | | | | | | | | |  Crevasse-------| 90 |Poor | |Fair | |Poor | |Good | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.57 | Too sandy |0.00 | | | To | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.99 | Low content of |0.00 | | |  | | | | | | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | Droughty |0.06 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Cx: | | | | | | | | | |  Crevasse-------| 90 |Poor | |Fair | |Poor | |Good | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Too sandy |0.00 | | | To | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.99 | Low content of |0.00 | | |  | | | | | | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | Droughty |0.32 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 14.--Construction Materials--Continued ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | P Map symbol | of | gravel | sand | reclamation material | roadfill | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

____

and soil name |map | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| | | | | limiting features | | limiting features | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________lim

____

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | De: | | | | | | | | | |  Dekoven--------| 80 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.14 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.99 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Dk: | | | | | | | | | |  Dekoven--------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.14 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.99 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Do, Dv: | | | | | | | | | |  Dekoven--------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.53 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.99 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Fa: | | | | | | | | | |  Falaya---------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Too acid |0.32 | Depth to |0.14 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Water erosion |0.68 | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | | | | | To | | | | | | | | | | Fc: | | | | | | | | | |  Falaya---------| 50 |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Too acid |0.32 | Depth to |0.14 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Water erosion |0.68 | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | | | | | To | | | | | | | | | |  Waverly--------| 45 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.00 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Too acid |0.32 | | | To | | | | | | Water erosion |0.90 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | FnA, FnB, FnB2: | | | | | | | | | |  Feliciana------| 95 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Good | |Good  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | | |  | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.84 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 14.--Construction Materials--Continued ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | P Map symbol | of | gravel | sand | reclamation material | roadfill | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

____

and soil name |map | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| | | | | limiting features | | limiting features | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________lim

____

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | FnC2: | | | | | | | | | |  Feliciana------| 95 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Good | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | | | Sl | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.84 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | FnC3: | | | | | | | | | |  Feliciana------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Good | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | | | Sl | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.84 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | FnD3: | | | | | | | | | |  Feliciana------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Slope |0.98 | Sl | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.84 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | FnE3: | | | | | | | | | |  Feliciana------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Sl | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.84 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | GrA: | | | | | | | | | |  Grenada--------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to cemented|0.00 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | pan | | s | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.54 | Depth to |0.24 | De | | | | | | pan | | saturated zone | | p | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | GrB: | | | | | | | | | |  Grenada--------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to cemented|0.00 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | pan | | s | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.54 | Depth to |0.24 | De | | | | | | pan | | saturated zone | | p | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 14.--Construction Materials--Continued ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | P Map symbol | of | gravel | sand | reclamation material | roadfill | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

____

and soil name |map | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| | | | | limiting features | | limiting features | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________lim

____

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | GrB2: | | | | | | | | | |  Grenada--------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to cemented|0.00 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | pan | | p | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.21 | Depth to |0.24 | De | | | | | | pan | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Droughty |0.99 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | GrB3: | | | | | | | | | |  Grenada--------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to cemented|0.00 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | pan | | p | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.00 | Depth to |0.24 | De | | | | | | pan | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Droughty |0.49 | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | GrC2: | | | | | | | | | |  Grenada--------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to cemented|0.00 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | pan | | s | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.54 | Depth to |0.24 | De | | | | | | pan | | saturated zone | | p | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | | Sl | | | | | | Too acid |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | GrC3: | | | | | | | | | |  Grenada--------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to cemented|0.00 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | pan | | p | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.00 | Depth to |0.24 | De | | | | | | pan | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Droughty |0.49 | | | Sl | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | GuF: | | | | | | | | | |  Gullied land---| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | |  Memphis--------| 35 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Sl | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 14.--Construction Materials--Continued ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | P Map symbol | of | gravel | sand | reclamation material | roadfill | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

____

and soil name |map | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| | | | | limiting features | | limiting features | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________lim

____

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ke: | | | | | | | | | |  Keyespoint-----| 85 |Poor | |Fair | |Poor | |Fair | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.24 | To | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.06 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | De | | | | | | Too clayey |0.00 | Shrink-swell |0.84 | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.99 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Kf: | | | | | | | | | |  Keyespoint-----| 90 |Poor | |Fair | |Poor | |Fair | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.24 | To | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.06 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | De | | | | | | Too clayey |0.00 | Shrink-swell |0.84 | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.99 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | KrA, KsA, KuA: | | | | | | | | | |  Kurk-----------| 80 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.07 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.84 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | LEVEE: | | | | | | | | | |  Levee----------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | | LoA, LoB: | | | | | | | | | |  Loring---------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to cemented|0.00 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | pan | | p | | | | | | Too acid |0.39 | Depth to |0.89 | De | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.54 | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | pan | | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | LoB2: | | | | | | | | | |  Loring---------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to cemented|0.00 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | pan | | p | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.16 | Depth to |0.89 | De | | | | | | pan | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Too acid |0.39 | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Droughty |0.93 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 14.--Construction Materials--Continued ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | P Map symbol | of | gravel | sand | reclamation material | roadfill | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

____

and soil name |map | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| | | | | limiting features | | limiting features | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________lim

____

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | LoB3: | | | | | | | | | |  Loring---------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to cemented|0.00 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | pan | | p | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.01 | Depth to |0.24 | De | | | | | | pan | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Droughty |0.49 | | | To | | | | | | Too acid |0.54 | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | LoC2: | | | | | | | | | |  Loring---------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to cemented|0.00 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | pan | | p | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.01 | Depth to |0.89 | De | | | | | | pan | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Too acid |0.39 | | | Sl | | | | | | Droughty |0.50 | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | LoC3: | | | | | | | | | |  Loring---------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to cemented|0.00 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | pan | | p | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.01 | Depth to |0.24 | De | | | | | | pan | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Droughty |0.49 | | | Sl | | | | | | Too acid |0.54 | | | To | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | LoD3: | | | | | | | | | |  Loring---------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to cemented|0.00 | Sl | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | pan | | De | | | | | | Depth to cemented|0.01 | Depth to |0.24 | p | | | | | | pan | | saturated zone | | De | | | | | | Droughty |0.44 | Slope |0.98 | s | | | | | | Too acid |0.54 | | | To | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | M-W: | | | | | | | | | |  Miscellaneous | | | | | | | | | |  Water---------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 14.--Construction Materials--Continued ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | P Map symbol | of | gravel | sand | reclamation material | roadfill | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

____

and soil name |map | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| | | | | limiting features | | limiting features | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________lim

____

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | MeA, MeB, MeB2: | | | | | | | | | |  Memphis--------| 95 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Good | |Good  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | | |  | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | MeC2: | | | | | | | | | |  Memphis--------| 95 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Good | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | | | Sl | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | MeC3: | | | | | | | | | |  Memphis--------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Good | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | | | Sl | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | MeD3: | | | | | | | | | |  Memphis--------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Slope |0.98 | Sl | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | MeE3: | | | | | | | | | |  Memphis--------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Sl | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | MmF: | | | | | | | | | |  Memphis--------| 55 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Sl | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | |  Natchez--------| 35 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Sl | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | Too acid |0.92 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 14.--Construction Materials--Continued ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | P Map symbol | of | gravel | sand | reclamation material | roadfill | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

____

and soil name |map | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| | | | | limiting features | | limiting features | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________lim

____

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Mo: | | | | | | | | | |  Mhoon----------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.00 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.90 | Shrink-swell |0.87 |  | | | | | | | | | | Op, Os: | | | | | | | | | |  Openlake-------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Fair | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00 | Shrink-swell |0.12 | To | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.24 | De | | | | | | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Water erosion |0.99 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ph, Pp: | | | | | | | | | |  Phillippy------| 85 |Poor | |Fair | |Poor | |Fair | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.89 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.39 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Too acid |0.84 | | |  | | | | | | Water erosion |0.99 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | PtD: | | | | | | | | | |  Pits-----------| 75 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | |  Udorthents-----| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | | Ra: | | | | | | | | | |  Riverwash------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | | Rb, Rc: | | | | | | | | | |  Robinsonville--| 85 |Poor | |Fair | |Poor | |Good | |Good  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.01 | Low content of |0.00 | | |  | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.06 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Rf: | | | | | | | | | |  Robinsonville--| 90 |Poor | |Fair | |Poor | |Good | |Good  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.01 | Low content of |0.00 | | |  | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.06 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | RmD: | | | | | | | | | |  Robinsonville--| 90 |Poor | |Fair | |Poor | |Good | |Fair  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.01 | Low content of |0.00 | | | Sl | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.06 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 14.--Construction Materials--Continued ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | P Map symbol | of | gravel | sand | reclamation material | roadfill | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

____

and soil name |map | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| | | | | limiting features | | limiting features | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________lim

____

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ro: | | | | | | | | | |  Roellen--------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00 | Depth to |0.00 | To | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | | | saturated zone | | De | | | | | | | | Shrink-swell |0.12 | s | | | | | | | | | | RsA, RtA, RuA: | | | | | | | | | |  Routon---------| 80 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.00 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Too acid |0.32 | | | To | | | | | | Water erosion |0.68 | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Sc: | | | | | | | | | |  Sharkey--------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00 | Depth to |0.00 | To | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | saturated zone | | De | | | | | | organic matter | | Shrink-swell |0.00 | s | | | | | | | | | | Sh: | | | | | | | | | |  Sharkey--------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00 | Depth to |0.00 | To | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | saturated zone | | De | | | | | | organic matter |0.00 | Shrink-swell |0.00 | s | | | | | | | | | | Sk: | | | | | | | | | |  Sharkey--------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00 | Depth to |0.00 | To | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | saturated zone | | De | | | | | | organic matter | | Shrink-swell |0.00 | s | | | | | | | | | | Tc, Tu: | | | | | | | | | |  Tunica---------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor | |Poor  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | Depth to |0.00 | De | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | organic matter | | saturated zone | | s | | | | | | Too clayey |0.00 | Shrink-swell |0.90 | To | | | | | | | | | | UdC: | | | | | | | | | |  Udorthents-----| 55 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | |  Urban land-----| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | | UrB: | | | | | | | | | |  Urban land-----| 65 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | |  Udorthents-----| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | | 
Table 14.--Construction Materials--Continued ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of | P Map symbol | of | gravel | sand | reclamation material | roadfill | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

____

and soil name |map | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rat |unit| | | | | limiting features | | limiting features | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________lim

____

 | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | W: | | | | | | | | | |  Water----------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not  | | | | | | | | | | Wa, Wm: | | | | | | | | | |  Ware-----------| 85 |Poor | |Fair | |Fair | |Good | |Good  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.06 | Low content of |0.24 | | |  | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.08 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Wr, Ws: | | | | | | | | | |  Ware-----------| 85 |Poor | |Fair | |Poor | |Good | |Good  | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Low content of |0.00 | | |  | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.08 | organic matter | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 
Fulton County, Kentucky 345

Table 15.--Water Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need

 for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in

 this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ac: | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.50

 | | | | Depth to |0.86 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | saturated zone | | Deep to water |0.06

 | | | | | | |

Ad: | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 95 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.50

 | | | | Depth to |0.86 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | saturated zone | | Deep to water |0.06

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |1.00 | Deep to water |0.96

 | | | | | | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | | |

Bd: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |1.00 | Deep to water |0.96

 | | | | | | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | | |

Be, Bf: | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |1.00 | Deep to water |0.96

 | | | | | | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | | |

Bn, Bo: | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Hard to pack |0.30 | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | | | | | |

Br, Bw: | | | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.52 | |

 | | | | | | |

CaA: | | | | | | |

 Calloway------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to cemented|0.86 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | pan | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | Thin layer |0.86 | |

 | | | | | | |

CaB2: | | | | | | |

 Calloway------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to cemented|0.86 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | pan | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.96 | |

 | | | | Thin layer |0.86 | |

 | | | | | | |
346 Soil Survey

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CeA, CfA: | | | | | | |

 Center--------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.04 | Piping |1.00 | Slow refill |0.96

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | saturated zone | | Deep to water |0.01

 | | | | | | |

Cg: | | | | | | |

 Collins-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |1.00 | Deep to water |0.54

 | | | | Depth to |0.09 | Cutbanks cave |0.50

 | | | | saturated zone | | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.54 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.46

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |0.56 | Deep to water |0.01

 | | | | | | |

Ck: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.54 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.46

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |0.56 | Deep to water |0.01

 | | | | | | |

Cm: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.54 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.46

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |0.56 | Deep to water |0.01

 | | | | | | |

Cn: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.54 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.46

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |0.70 | Deep to water |0.01

 | | | | | | |

Co: | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.54 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.46

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |0.73 | Deep to water |0.01

 | | | | | | |

Cp, Cr, Cs: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ct, Cu: | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 55 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 40 |Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |0.01 | |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 347

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Cv, Cw, Cx: | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | | | Deep to water |0.99

 | | | | | | |

De: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |0.88 | |

 | | | | | | |

Dk: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |0.88 | |

 | | | | | | |

Do, Dv: | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |0.88 | Deep to water |0.01

 | | | | | | |

Fa: | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

Fc: | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 50 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Waverly-------------| 45 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.50

 | | | | saturated zone | | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

FnA, FnB: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.69 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FnB2, FnC2: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 95 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.96 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FnC3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.97 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FnD3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.99 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

FnE3: | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.99 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
348 Soil Survey

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

GrA: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to cemented|0.86 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | pan | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.94 | |

 | | | | Thin layer |0.86 | |

 | | | | | | |

GrB: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to cemented|0.86 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | pan | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.94 | |

 | | | | Thin layer |0.86 | |

 | | | | | | |

GrB2: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to cemented|0.95 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | pan | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.97 | |

 | | | | Thin layer |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

GrB3: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | pan | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Thin layer |1.00 | |

 | | | | Piping |0.97 | |

 | | | | | | |

GrC2: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to cemented|0.86 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | pan | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.93 | |

 | | | | Thin layer |0.86 | |

 | | | | | | |

GrC3: | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | pan | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Thin layer |1.00 | |

 | | | | Piping |0.97 | |

 | | | | | | |

GuF: | | | | | | |

 Gullied land--------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.88 | Piping |0.96 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.70 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ke: | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.06 | |

 | | | | | | |

Kf: | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.06 | |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 349

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

KrA, KsA, KuA: | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.04 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Piping |0.82 | |

 | | | | | | |

LEVEE: | | | | | | |

 Levee---------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

LoA, LoB: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to cemented|0.86 | Thin layer |0.86 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | pan | | Depth to |0.86 | |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Piping |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

LoB2: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to cemented|0.96 | Thin layer |0.96 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | pan | | Depth to |0.86 | |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Piping |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

LoB3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | pan | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Thin layer |1.00 | |

 | | | | Piping |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

LoC2: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Thin layer |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | pan | | Depth to |0.86 | |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Piping |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

LoC3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | pan | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Thin layer |1.00 | |

 | | | | Piping |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

LoD3: | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to cemented|1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | pan | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Thin layer |1.00 | |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Piping |0.49 | |

 | | | | | | |

M-W: | | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous | | | | | | |

 Water--------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

MeA, MeB, MeB2: | | | | | | |

 MeC2: | | | | | | |

 Memphis------------| 95 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.77 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

MeC3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.96 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |
350 Soil Survey

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MeD3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.96 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MeE3: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.96 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MmF: | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 55 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.77 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.72 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Natchez-------------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.72 | Piping |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.70 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Mo: | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 90 |Not limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Piping |0.01 | |

 | | | | | | |

Op, Os: | | | | | | |

 Openlake------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.03 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Hard to pack |0.84 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ph, Pp: | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |0.86 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | Deep to water |0.06

 | | | | Seepage |0.39 | |

 | | | | | | |

PtD: | | | | | | |

 Pits----------------| 75 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Ra: | | | | | | |

 Riverwash-----------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Rb, Rc: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.06 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Rf: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.06 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

RmD: | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.06 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 351

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds _____________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ro: | | | | | | |

 Roellen-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.43 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Hard to pack |0.76 | |

 | | | | | | |

RsA, RtA, RuA: | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 80 |Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

Sc: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Hard to pack |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

Sh: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 85 |Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Hard to pack |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

Sk: | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 90 |Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Hard to pack |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

Tc, Tu: | | | | | | |

 Tunica--------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.47 | Depth to |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

UdC: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 55 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

UrB: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 65 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

W: | | | | | | |

 Water---------------|100 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Wa, Wm, Wr: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.08 | Deep to water |0.81

 | | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

Ws: | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.08 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | | | Deep to water |0.81

 | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________
352 Soil Survey

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties

(Absence of an entry indicates that data were not estimated.)

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | | | Classification | Percentage passing |Liquid|Plas- ________________________

 and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | Unified | AASHTO | sieve number-- | limit|ticity __________________________

 | | | | | 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | | index _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | | | | | Pct | __ ___

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ac, Ad: | | | | | | | | | |

 Adler-----------| 0-9 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML |A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|15-28 |NP-7

 | 9-80 |Silt loam, |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|60-95 |15-30 |NP-10

 | | silt, very | | | | | | | |

 | | fine sandy | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ba, Bd, Be: | | | | | | | | | |

 Bardwell--------| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL, ML, CL-ML|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |90-100|80-95 |25-40 | 4-15

 | 8-53 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, CL, ML|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |90-100|80-95 |25-40 | 4-15

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 53-80 |Loam, silt |CL, ML, SM, |A-2, A-4 | 100 | 100 |85-100|30-75 |15-30 |NP-10

 | | loam, fine | SC | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Bf: | | | | | | | | | |

 Bardwell--------| 0-15 |Silty clay loam|CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |90-100|85-95 |25-40 | 4-15

 | 15-44 |Silt loam, |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |90-100|85-95 |25-40 | 4-15

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 44-80 |Loam, silt |SC, SM, ML, |A-2, A-4 | 100 | 100 |85-100|40-80 |15-30 |NP-10

 | | loam, fine | CL | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Bn, Bo: | | | | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-------| 0-3 |Silty clay loam|CH, CL |A-7 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-100|45-60 |25-35

 | 3-48 |Silty clay, |CH |A-7 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|55-80 |33-50

 | | clay, silty | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | |

 | 48-72 |Clay loam, |CL, CL-ML, |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |85-100|40-80 |30-45 | 5-25

 | | silty clay | ML, SM | | | | | | |

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 72-80 |Loamy fine |SM, CL-ML, |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |85-98 |20-60 | 0-20 |NP-3

 | | sand, loam, | ML, CL | | | | | | |

 | | fine sandy | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Br: | | | | | | | | | |

 Bowdre----------| 0-20 |Silty clay |CH |A-7 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-95 |51-65 |28-40

 | 20-24 |Silty clay |CH |A-7, A-6 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-95 |51-65 |28-40

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | |

 | 24-30 |Fine sandy |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |90-100|35-60 |15-25 |NP-7

 | | loam, loam, | | | | | | | |

 | | silt loam | | | | | | | |

 | 30-80 |Loamy fine |SC-SM, SM |A-2, A-4 | 100 | 100 |75-80 |15-35 |15-25 |NP-5

 | | sand, sandy | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, fine | | | | | | | |

 | | sand | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 353

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | | | Classification | Percentage passing |Liquid|Plas- ________________________

 and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | Unified | AASHTO | sieve number-- | limit|ticity __________________________

 | | | | | 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | | index _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | | | | | Pct | __ ___

 | | | | | | | | | |

Bw: | | | | | | | | | |

 Bowdre----------| 0-20 |Silty clay |CH |A-7 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-95 |51-65 |28-40

 | 20-24 |Silty clay |CH |A-7 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-95 |51-65 |28-40

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | |

 | 24-30 |Fine sandy |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |90-100|35-60 |15-25 |NP-7

 | | loam, loam, | | | | | | | |

 | | silt loam | | | | | | | |

 | 30-80 |Loamy fine |SC-SM, SM |A-2, A-4 | 100 | 100 |75-80 |15-35 |15-25 |NP-5

 | | sand, sandy | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, fine | | | | | | | |

 | | sand | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

CaA: | | | | | | | | | |

 Calloway--------| 0-30 |Silt loam |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|25-35 | 5-15

 | 30-60 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-95 |30-40 |12-20

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 60-80 |Silt loam, |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|25-35 | 5-15

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

CaB2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Calloway--------| 0-25 |Silt loam |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|25-35 | 5-15

 | 25-60 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-95 |30-40 |12-20

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 60-80 |Silt loam, |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|25-35 | 5-15

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

CeA, CfA: | | | | | | | | | |

 Center----------| 0-10 |Silt loam |CL, ML, CL-ML|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |90-100|80-100| 0-30 | 3-11

 | 10-48 |Silt loam, |CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|28-40 | 8-16

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 48-80 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |90-100|80-100| 0-30 | 3-11

 | | | | | | | | | |

Cg: | | | | | | | | | |

 Collins---------| 0-12 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 |85-100|70-90 | 0-30 |NP-8

 | 12-80 |Silt loam, silt|CL-ML, ML |A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100| 0-35 |NP-10

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | | | | |

 Commerce--------| 0-11 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |75-100|15-30 |NP-10

 | 11-43 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-7-6| 100 | 100 |90-100|70-100|32-45 |11-23

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, loam | | | | | | | |

 | 43-80 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, CL, ML|A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |90-100|50-95 |23-45 | 3-23

 | | stratified | | A-7-6 | | | | | |

 | | very fine | | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam to | | | | | | | |

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |
354 Soil Survey

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | | | Classification | Percentage passing |Liquid|Plas- ________________________

 and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | Unified | AASHTO | sieve number-- | limit|ticity __________________________

 | | | | | 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | | index _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | | | | | Pct | __ ___

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ck: | | | | | | | | | |

 Commerce--------| 0-11 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |75-100|15-30 |NP-10

 | 11-43 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-4 | 100 | 100 |90-100|70-100|32-45 |11-23

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, loam | | | | | | | |

 | 43-80 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, CL, ML|A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |90-100|50-95 |23-45 | 3-23

 | | stratified | | A-7-6 | | | | | |

 | | very fine | | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam to | | | | | | | |

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Cm: | | | | | | | | | |

 Commerce--------| 0-11 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |75-100|15-30 |NP-10

 | 11-43 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-7-6| 100 | 100 |90-100|70-100|32-45 |11-23

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, loam | | | | | | | |

 | 43-80 |Silt loam, |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |90-100|50-95 |23-45 | 3-23

 | | stratified | | A-7-6 | | | | | |

 | | very fine | | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam to | | | | | | | |

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Cn: | | | | | | | | | |

 Commerce--------| 0-11 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-6, A-7-6| 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|32-50 |11-25

 | 11-43 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|70-100|32-45 |11-23

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, loam | | | | | | | |

 | 43-80 |Stratified very|CL-ML, ML, CL|A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |90-100|40-80 |23-45 | 3-23

 | | fine sandy | | A-7-6 | | | | | |

 | | loam to silt | | | | | | | |

 | | loam to silty | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Co: | | | | | | | | | |

 Commerce--------| 0-14 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-6, A-7-6| 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|32-50 |11-25

 | 14-40 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-7-6| 100 | 100 |95-100|70-100|32-45 |11-23

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, loam | | | | | | | |

 | 40-80 |Stratified very|CL, ML, CL-ML|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |90-100|40-80 |23-45 | 3-23

 | | fine sandy | | | | | | | |

 | | loam to silt | | | | | | | |

 | | loam to silty | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Cp, Cr, Cs: | | | | | | | | | |

 Convent---------| 0-10 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML |A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-100|15-27 |NP-7

 | 10-80 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, ML |A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|45-98 |15-27 |NP-7

 | | loam, very | | | | | | | |

 | | fine sandy | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ct: | | | | | | | | | |

 Convent---------| 0-10 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML |A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-100|15-27 |NP-7

 | 10-80 |Silt loam, very|ML, CL-ML |A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|45-98 |15-27 |NP-7

 | | fine sandy | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 355

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | | | Classification | Percentage passing |Liquid|Plas- ________________________

 and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | Unified | AASHTO | sieve number-- | limit|ticity __________________________

 | | | | | 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | | index _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | | | | | Pct | __ ___

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ct: | | | | | | | | | |

 Mhoon-----------| 0-9 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|22-30 | 3-10

 | 9-80 |Silty clay |CL, CH |A-6, A-7-6| 100 | 100 | 100 |90-98 |30-55 |11-28

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Cu: | | | | | | | | | |

 Convent---------| 0-10 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML |A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-100|15-27 |NP-7

 | 10-80 |Silt loam, very|ML, CL-ML |A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|45-98 |15-27 |NP-7

 | | fine sandy | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Mhoon-----------| 0-9 |Silt loam |CL, ML, CL-ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|22-30 | 3-10

 | 9-80 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-6, A-7-6| 100 | 100 | 100 |90-98 |30-55 |11-28

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Cv, Cw: | | | | | | | | | |

 Crevasse--------| 0-7 |Loamy fine sand|SM |A-2 | 100 |95-100|60-95 |15-30 | --- | NP

 | 7-80 |Sand, loamy |SM, SP-SM |A-3, A-2 | 100 |95-100|50-90 | 5-20 | --- | NP

 | | sand, loamy | | | | | | | |

 | | fine sand, | | | | | | | |

 | | fine sand | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Cx: | | | | | | | | | |

 Crevasse--------| 0-4 |Silt loam |SM |A-4 | 100 | 100 |75-100|65-80 | 0-20 |NP-7

 | 4-7 |Loam, sandy |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 |92-98 |20-65 |20-30 | 2-10

 | | loam, loamy | | | | | | | |

 | | fine sand | | | | | | | |

 | 7-80 |Sand, loamy |SP-SM, SM |A-3, A-2 | 100 | 100 |50-100| 5-20 | --- | NP

 | | sand, loamy | | | | | | | |

 | | fine sand, | | | | | | | |

 | | fine sand | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

De: | | | | | | | | | |

 Dekoven---------| 0-20 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |90-100|85-100|25-40 | 5-20

 | 20-80 |Silt loam, |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |90-100|85-98 |25-45 | 5-20

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Dk: | | | | | | | | | |

 Dekoven---------| 0-20 |Silt loam |CL-ML, CL, ML|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |90-100|85-100|25-40 | 5-20

 | 20-80 |Silt loam, |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |90-100|85-100|25-45 | 5-20

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Do, Dv: | | | | | | | | | |

 Dekoven---------| 0-34 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |90-100|85-100|25-40 | 5-20

 | 34-80 |Silt loam, |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |90-100|85-98 |25-45 | 5-20

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Fa: | | | | | | | | | |

 Falaya----------| 0-52 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100| 0-30 |NP-10

 | 52-80 |Silt loam, |CL, ML |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|25-43 | 7-16

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Fc: | | | | | | | | | |

 Falaya----------| 0-52 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100| 0-30 |NP-10

 | 52-80 |Silt loam, |CL, ML |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|25-43 | 7-16

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |
356 Soil Survey

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | | | Classification | Percentage passing |Liquid|Plas- ________________________

 and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | Unified | AASHTO | sieve number-- | limit|ticity __________________________

 | | | | | 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | | index _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | | | | | Pct | __ ___

 | | | | | | | | | |

Fc: | | | | | | | | | |

 Waverly---------| 0-10 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML |A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-98 | 0-25 |NP-9

 | 10-80 |Silt, silt loam|CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-100|20-30 | 3-10

 | | | | | | | | | |

FnA, FnB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-------| 0-8 |Silt loam |ML, CL, CL-ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100| 0-30 |NP-10

 | 8-35 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-7 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|35-48 |15-25

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 35-80 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|30-40 | 6-15

 | | | | | | | | | |

FnB2, FnC2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-------| 0-5 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100| 0-30 |NP-10

 | 5-17 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-7 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|35-48 |15-25

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 17-80 |Silt loam |ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|30-40 | 6-15

 | | | | | | | | | |

FnC3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-------| 0-6 |Silt loam |CL, ML, CL-ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100| 0-30 |NP-10

 | 6-15 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-7 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|35-48 |15-25

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 15-80 |Silt loam |ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|30-40 | 6-15

 | | | | | | | | | |

FnD3, FnE3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-------| 0-4 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100| 0-30 |NP-10

 | 4-12 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-7 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|35-48 |15-25

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 12-80 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|30-40 | 6-15

 | | | | | | | | | |

GrA, GrB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Grenada---------| 0-7 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML |A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-31 | 4-7

 | 7-24 |Silt loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|27-40 | 8-19

 | 24-30 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|20-30 | 5-10

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 30-80 |Silt loam, |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-45 | 5-24

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

GrB2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Grenada---------| 0-5 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML |A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-31 | 4-7

 | 5-20 |Silt loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|27-40 | 8-19

 | 20-26 |Silt loam, |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|20-30 | 5-10

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 26-80 |Silt loam, |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-45 | 5-24

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

GrB3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Grenada---------| 0-4 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML |A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-31 | 4-7

 | 4-16 |Silt loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|27-40 | 8-19

 | 16-20 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|20-30 | 5-10

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 20-80 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-45 | 5-24

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 357

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | | | Classification | Percentage passing |Liquid|Plas- ________________________

 and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | Unified | AASHTO | sieve number-- | limit|ticity __________________________

 | | | | | 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | | index _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | | | | | Pct | __ ___

 | | | | | | | | | |

GrC2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Grenada---------| 0-5 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML |A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-31 | 4-7

 | 5-20 |Silt loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|27-40 | 8-19

 | 20-26 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|20-30 | 5-10

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 26-80 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-45 | 5-24

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

GrC3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Grenada---------| 0-4 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML |A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-31 | 4-7

 | 4-16 |Silt loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|27-40 | 8-19

 | 16-20 |Silt loam, |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|20-30 | 5-10

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 20-80 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-45 | 5-24

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

GuF: | | | | | | | | | |

 Gullied land. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis---------| 0-5 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML, CL|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|15-30 |NP-10

 | 5-17 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-7 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|35-48 |15-25

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 17-80 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|30-40 | 6-15

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ke, Kf: | | | | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint------| 0-8 |Silty clay loam|CH, CL |A-6, A-7 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-100|38-55 |20-33

 | 8-36 |Silty clay, |CH |A-7 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|50-80 |28-50

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, clay | | | | | | | |

 | 36-80 |Fine sandy |ML, CL-ML, |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |85-100|40-80 |15-40 |NP-20

 | | loam, loam, | SM, CL | | | | | | |

 | | silt loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

KrA, KsA, KuA: | | | | | | | | | |

 Kurk------------| 0-15 |Silt loam |CL, ML, CL-ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-95 |15-25 |NP-10

 | 15-42 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-95 |35-50 |15-25

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 42-80 |Silt loam, |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |90-100|70-95 |20-35 | 3-15

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

LEVEE. | | | | | | | | | |

 Levee | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

LoA, LoB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Loring----------| 0-9 |Silt loam |CL, ML, CL-ML|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|15-35 |NP-15

 | 9-31 |Silt loam, |ML, CL |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|32-48 |10-20

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 31-80 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-45 |10-22

 | | | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |
358 Soil Survey

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | | | Classification | Percentage passing |Liquid|Plas- ________________________

 and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | Unified | AASHTO | sieve number-- | limit|ticity __________________________

 | | | | | 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | | index _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | | | | | Pct | __ ___

 | | | | | | | | | |

LoB2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Loring----------| 0-5 |Silt loam |ML, CL, CL-ML|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|15-35 |NP-15

 | 5-25 |Silt loam, |CL, ML |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|32-48 |10-20

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 25-80 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-45 |10-22

 | | | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

LoB3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Loring----------| 0-4 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|15-35 |NP-15

 | 4-21 |Silt loam, |CL, ML |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|32-48 |10-20

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 21-65 |Silt loam |ML, CL |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-45 |10-22

 | | | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | 65-80 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |95-100|70-100|28-40 | 7-16

 | | | | | | | | | |

LoC2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Loring----------| 0-5 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|15-35 |NP-15

 | 5-25 |Silt loam, |ML, CL |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|32-48 |10-20

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 25-80 |Silt loam |ML, CL |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-45 |10-22

 | | | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

LoC3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Loring----------| 0-4 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|15-35 |NP-15

 | 4-21 |Silt loam, |CL, ML |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|32-48 |10-20

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 21-48 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-45 |10-22

 | | | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | 48-80 |Silt loam |ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |95-100|70-100|28-40 | 7-16

 | | | | | | | | | |

LoD3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Loring----------| 0-4 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|15-35 |NP-15

 | 4-20 |Silt loam, |CL, ML |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|32-48 |10-20

 | | silty clay | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 20-38 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6, | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-45 |10-22

 | | | | A-7 | | | | | |

 | 38-80 |Silt loam |ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |95-100|70-100|28-40 | 7-16

 | | | | | | | | | |

M-W. | | | | | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous | | | | | | | | | |

 Water | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

MeA, MeB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis---------| 0-7 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|15-30 |NP-10

 | 7-31 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-7 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|35-48 |15-25

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 31-80 |Silt loam |ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|30-40 | 6-15

 | | | | | | | | | |

MeB2, MeC2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis---------| 0-5 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|15-30 |NP-10

 | 5-31 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-7 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|35-48 |15-25

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 31-80 |Silt loam |ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|30-40 | 6-15

 | | | | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 359

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | | | Classification | Percentage passing |Liquid|Plas- ________________________

 and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | Unified | AASHTO | sieve number-- | limit|ticity __________________________

 | | | | | 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | | index _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | | | | | Pct | __ ___

 | | | | | | | | | |

MeC3, MeD3, MeE3:| | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis--------| 0-3 |Silt loam |CL |A-6, A-4 | 100 | 100 |90-100|90-100|25-40 |15-25

 | 3-16 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-7 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|35-48 |15-25

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 16-80 |Silt loam |ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|30-40 | 6-15

 | | | | | | | | | |

MmF: | | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis---------| 0-6 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|15-30 |NP-10

 | 6-31 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-7 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|35-48 |15-25

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 31-80 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|30-40 | 6-15

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Natchez---------| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |85-100|15-30 |NP-10

 | 8-80 |Silt loam, silt|CL-ML, ML, CL|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |85-100|15-30 |NP-10

 | | | | | | | | | |

Mo: | | | | | | | | | |

 Mhoon-----------| 0-9 |Silt loam |CL-ML, CL, ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|22-30 | 3-10

 | 9-80 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-6, A-7-6| 100 | 100 | 100 |90-98 |30-55 |11-28

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Op, Os: | | | | | | | | | |

 Openlake--------| 0-6 |Silty clay loam|CH, CL |A-7 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-100|45-60 |25-35

 | 6-36 |Silty clay, |CH |A-7 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|55-80 |33-50

 | | clay | | | | | | | |

 | 36-80 |Silt loam, |CH, CL |A-7 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-100|45-60 |25-35

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ph, Pp: | | | | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-------| 0-10 |Silty clay loam|CL, CH |A-6, A-7 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-100|38-55 |20-33

 | 10-19 |Silty clay, |CH |A-7 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|50-80 |28-50

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, clay | | | | | | | |

 | 19-29 |Loam, very fine|CL, ML, CL-ML|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |90-100|60-75 |25-35 | 3-12

 | | sandy loam, | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | |

 | 29-80 |Loamy fine |SM, SC-SM |A-2, A-3 | 100 | 100 |75-80 |15-40 |15-25 |NP-5

 | | sand, fine | | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam, | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

PtD: | | | | | | | | | |

 Pits. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ra. | | | | | | | | | |

 Riverwash | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Rb, Rc, Rf, RmD: | | | | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville---| 0-5 |Fine sandy loam|SM, ML |A-4 | 100 | 100 |85-95 |40-55 |15-25 |NP-3

 | 5-80 |Stratified |ML, CL-ML, SM|A-2, A-4 | 100 |95-100|75-95 |30-65 |15-25 |NP-3

 | | loamy fine | | | | | | | |

 | | sand to fine | | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam to | | | | | | | |

 | | silt loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |
360 Soil Survey

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | | | Classification | Percentage passing |Liquid|Plas- ________________________

 and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | Unified | AASHTO | sieve number-- | limit|ticity __________________________

 | | | | | 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | | index _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | | | | | Pct | __ ___

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ro: | | | | | | | | | |

 Roellen---------| 0-13 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-7 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|45-65 |20-40

 | 13-42 |Clay, silty |CH |A-7 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|55-80 |30-50

 | | clay | | | | | | | |

 | 42-80 |Silty clay, |CL-ML, CH, CL|A-6, A-7 | 100 | 100 |95-100|80-95 |45-80 |18-50

 | | clay, silty | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

RsA, RtA, RuA: | | | | | | | | | |

 Routon----------| 0-15 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|16-32 | 3-12

 | 15-48 |Silt loam, |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|20-40 | 5-17

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 48-80 |Silt loam |CL-ML, CL, ML|A-4, A-6 | 100 | 100 |90-100|85-98 |16-32 | 3-12

 | | | | | | | | | |

Sc: | | | | | | | | | |

 Sharkey---------| 0-5 |Silty clay |CL, CH |A-7 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|46-85 |22-50

 | 5-80 |Silty clay, |CH |A-7-5, | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|56-85 |30-50

 | | clay | | A-7-6 | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Sh, Sk: | | | | | | | | | |

 Sharkey---------| 0-5 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-7 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|46-85 |22-50

 | 5-80 |Silty clay, |CH |A-7 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|56-85 |30-50

 | | clay | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Tc, Tu: | | | | | | | | | |

 Tunica----------| 0-8 |Silty clay |CH |A-7 | 100 |98-100|95-100|90-100|50-92 |25-62

 | 8-33 |Clay, silty |CH |A-7 | 100 |98-100|95-100|90-100|50-92 |25-62

 | | clay, silty | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | |

 | 33-80 |Sandy loam, |ML, CL, CL-ML|A-4, A-6 | 100 |95-100|65-100|40-80 |15-40 |NP-20

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, clay | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

UdC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

UrB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

W. | | | | | | | | | |

 Water | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Wa, Wm: | | | | | | | | | |

 Ware------------| 0-15 |Loam |CL, ML, CL-ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|50-70 |20-30 | 2-10

 | 15-30 |Very fine sandy|ML, CL, CL-ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|50-70 |20-30 | 2-10

 | | loam, fine | | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam, | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | 30-80 |Stratified |SC-SM, SM, |A-2, A-4 | 100 | 100 |80-100|10-60 |15-25 |NP-6

 | | sandy loam to | ML, CL-ML | | | | | | |

 | | fine sandy | | | | | | | |

 | | loam to very | | | | | | | |

 | | fine sandy | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 361

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | | | Classification | Percentage passing |Liquid|Plas- ________________________

 and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | Unified | AASHTO | sieve number-- | limit|ticity __________________________

 | | | | | 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | | index _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | | | | | Pct | __ ___

 | | | | | | | | | |

Wr: | | | | | | | | | |

 Ware------------| 0-3 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|75-90 |20-30 | 2-10

 | 3-13 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7-6| 100 | 100 | 100 |75-90 |32-45 |11-23

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, loam | | | | | | | |

 | 13-22 |Silt loam, |ML, SM, SC, |A-2, A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|55-80 |15-30 |NP-10

 | | loam, fine | CL | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam | | | | | | | |

 | 22-80 |Stratified fine|CL-ML, ML, |A-2, A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|10-60 |15-25 |NP-6

 | | sandy loam to | SM, SC-SM | | | | | | |

 | | very fine | | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam to | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ws: | | | | | | | | | |

 Ware------------| 0-3 |Silt loam |CL, ML, CL-ML|A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|75-90 |20-30 | 2-10

 | 3-13 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7-6| 100 | 100 | 100 |75-90 |32-45 |11-23

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, loam | | | | | | | |

 | 13-22 |Silt loam, |SC, SM, ML, |A-2, A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|55-80 |15-30 |NP-10

 | | loam, fine | CL | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam | | | | | | | |

 | 22-80 |Stratified sand|CL-ML, SM, |A-2, A-4 | 100 | 100 |95-100|10-60 |15-25 |NP-6

 | | to loamy fine | ML, SC-SM | | | | | | |

 | | sand to sandy | | | | | | | |

 | | loam to fine | | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam to | | | | | | | |

 | | very fine | | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
362 Soil Survey

Table 17.--Physical and Chemical Properties of the Soils

(Entries under "Erosion factors--T" apply to the entire profile. Entries under "Organic Matter" apply only to the

 surface layer. Absence of an entry indicates that data were not estimated.)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | | | Moist |Permeability |Available| Soil | Linear | Organic |Erosion factors _______________

 and soil name | Depth | Clay | bulk | (Ksat) | water | reaction|extensi- | matter | | |

 | | | density | |capacity | | bility | | Kw | Kf | T ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | pH | Pct | Pct | | | __ ___ ____ _____ _____ __ ___ ___

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Ac, Ad: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------| 0-9 | 10-20|1.50-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 6.1-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .43 | .43 | 5

 | 9-80 | 5-18|1.50-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 6.1-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Ba, Bd, Be: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 0-8 | 8-25|1.10-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.24| 5.6-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-6.0 | .28 | .28 | 5

 | 8-53 | 20-35|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.16-0.22| 5.6-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | 53-80 | 8-25|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.16| 5.6-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .28 | .28 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Bf: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------| 0-15 | 27-38|1.10-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.24| 5.6-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-6.0 | .28 | .28 | 5

 | 15-44 | 15-30|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.16-0.22| 5.6-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | 44-80 | 15-30|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.16| 5.6-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .28 | .28 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Bn, Bo: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------| 0-3 | 30-40|1.30-1.65| 0.2-0.6 |0.16-0.20| 5.5-7.8 | 6.0-8.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .37 | .37 | 5

 | 3-48 | 38-60|1.35-1.50|0.0015-0.06 |0.13-0.18| 5.5-7.8 | 6.0-8.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | 48-72 | 25-40|1.40-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.22| 5.5-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | 72-80 | 10-25|1.45-1.65| 2-6 |0.10-0.18| 5.5-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Br, Bw: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------| 0-20 | 40-60|1.40-1.50| 0.06-0.2 |0.15-0.20| 5.6-7.3 | 6.0-8.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .37 | .37 | 3

 | 20-24 | 25-45|1.40-1.50| 0.06-0.2 |0.15-0.20| 5.6-8.4 | 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 |

 | 24-30 | 15-25|1.50-1.55| 0.2-0.6 |0.19-0.22| 6.1-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | 30-80 | 5-15|1.50-1.60| 2-6 |0.05-0.15| 6.1-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | --- | --- |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

CaA: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Calloway------------| 0-30 | 10-25|1.40-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.5 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 3

 | 30-60 | 10-35|1.35-1.55| 0.06-0.2 |0.09-0.12| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | 60-80 | 16-32|1.45-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.22| 5.1-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

CaB2: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Calloway------------| 0-25 | 10-25|1.40-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.5 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 3

 | 25-60 | 10-35|1.35-1.55| 0.06-0.2 |0.09-0.12| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | 60-80 | 16-32|1.45-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.22| 5.1-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

CeA, CfA: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Center--------------| 0-10 | 12-24|1.35-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.22| 5.1-6.5 | 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .49 | .49 | 5

 | 10-48 | 20-34|1.30-1.50| 0.2-0.6 |0.16-0.20| 5.1-6.5 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | 48-80 | 15-25|1.30-1.50| 0.2-0.6 |0.16-0.20| 5.6-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Cg: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Collins-------------| 0-12 | 7-16|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.16-0.24| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .43 | .43 | 5

 | 12-80 | 5-18|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.24| 4.5-5.5 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Ch, Ck, Cm: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 0-11 | 14-27|1.35-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.21-0.23| 5.6-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-4.0 | .43 | .43 | 5

 | 11-43 | 18-35|1.35-1.65| 0.2-0.6 |0.20-0.22| 6.1-8.4 | 3.0-5.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | 43-80 | 14-30|1.35-1.65| 0.2-2 |0.20-0.23| 6.1-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Cn: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 0-11 | 27-37|1.25-1.45| 0.2-0.6 |0.15-0.19| 5.6-8.4 | 3.0-5.9 | 0.5-4.0 | .37 | .37 | 5

 | 11-43 | 14-32|1.35-1.65| 0.2-0.6 |0.20-0.22| 6.1-8.4 | 3.0-5.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | 43-80 | 14-30|1.35-1.65| 0.2-2 |0.16-0.20| 6.1-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Co: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------| 0-14 | 27-37|1.25-1.45| 0.2-0.6 |0.15-0.19| 5.6-8.4 | 3.0-5.9 | 0.5-4.0 | .37 | .37 | 5

 | 14-40 | 14-32|1.35-1.65| 0.2-0.6 |0.20-0.22| 6.1-8.4 | 3.0-5.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | 40-80 | 14-30|1.35-1.65| 0.2-2 |0.16-0.20| 6.1-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 363

Table 17.--Physical and Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | | | Moist |Permeability |Available| Soil | Linear | Organic |Erosion factors _______________

 and soil name | Depth | Clay | bulk | (Ksat) | water | reaction|extensi- | matter | | |

 | | | density | |capacity | | bility | | Kw | Kf | T ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | pH | Pct | Pct | | | __ ___ ____ _____ _____ __ ___ ___

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Cp, Cr, Cs: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 0-10 | 5-18|1.30-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.23| 5.6-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .43 | .43 | 5

 | 10-80 | 5-18|1.30-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 5.6-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .37 | .37 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Ct, Cu: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------| 0-10 | 5-18|1.30-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.23| 5.6-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .43 | .43 | 5

 | 10-80 | 5-18|1.30-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 5.6-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .37 | .37 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 0-9 | 14-27|1.35-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.21-0.23| 6.1-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .43 | .43 | 5

 | 9-80 | 14-35|1.35-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.11-0.23| 6.1-8.4 | 3.0-5.9 | --- | .37 | .37 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Cv, Cw: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 0-7 | 5-10|1.45-1.55| 6-20 |0.06-0.10| 5.6-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .10 | .10 | 5

 | 7-80 | 2-8 |1.40-1.50| 6-20 |0.02-0.06| 5.6-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .15 | .15 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Cx: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------| 0-4 | 12-17|1.35-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.16-0.22| 5.6-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .32 | .32 | 5

 | 4-7 | 12-17|1.40-1.70| 2-6 |0.10-0.20| 5.6-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | 7-80 | 2-8 |1.40-1.50| 6-20 |0.02-0.06| 5.6-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .15 | .15 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

De, Dk: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 0-20 | 14-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.23| 6.1-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-6.0 | .32 | .32 | 5

 | 20-80 | 18-35|1.25-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.23| 6.1-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .37 | .37 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Do, Dv: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------| 0-34 | 14-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.23| 6.1-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .32 | .32 | 5

 | 34-80 | 18-35|1.25-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.23| 6.1-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .37 | .37 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Fa: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 0-52 | 6-18|1.25-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-5.5 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-3.0 | .49 | .49 | 5

 | 52-80 | 19-32|1.25-1.50| 0.06-2 |0.14-0.22| 4.5-5.5 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Fc: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------| 0-52 | 6-18|1.25-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-5.5 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-3.0 | .49 | .49 | 5

 | 52-80 | 19-32|1.25-1.50| 0.06-2 |0.14-0.22| 4.5-5.5 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Waverly-------------| 0-10 | 6-18|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-5.5 | 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .43 | .43 | 5

 | 10-80 | 10-18|1.40-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-5.5 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

FnA, FnB: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 0-8 | 8-22|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 5.1-7.0 | 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .49 | .49 | 5

 | 8-35 | 20-32|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | 35-80 | 12-25|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

FnB2, FnC2: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 0-5 | 8-22|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 5.1-7.0 | 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .49 | .49 | 5

 | 5-17 | 22-32|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | 17-80 | 12-25|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

FnC3: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 0-6 | 8-22|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 5.1-7.0 | 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .49 | .49 | 5

 | 6-15 | 22-32|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | 15-80 | 12-25|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

FnD3, FnE3: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Feliciana-----------| 0-4 | 8-22|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 5.1-7.0 | 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .49 | .49 | 5

 | 4-12 | 22-32|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | 12-80 | 12-25|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

GrA, GrB: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 0-7 | 12-16|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-7.3 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 3

 | 7-24 | 18-25|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | 24-30 | 10-32|1.45-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | 30-80 | 18-32|1.45-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.10-0.12| 5.1-7.3 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .37 | .37 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |
364 Soil Survey

Table 17.--Physical and Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | | | Moist |Permeability |Available| Soil | Linear | Organic |Erosion factors _______________

 and soil name | Depth | Clay | bulk | (Ksat) | water | reaction|extensi- | matter | | |

 | | | density | |capacity | | bility | | Kw | Kf | T ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | pH | Pct | Pct | | | __ ___ ____ _____ _____ __ ___ ___

 | | | | | | | | | | |

GrB2: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 0-5 | 12-16|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-7.3 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 3

 | 5-20 | 18-25|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | 20-26 | 10-32|1.45-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | 26-80 | 18-32|1.45-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.10-0.12| 5.1-7.3 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .37 | .37 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

GrB3: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 0-4 | 12-16|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-7.3 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 3

 | 4-16 | 18-25|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | 16-20 | 10-32|1.45-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | 20-80 | 18-32|1.45-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.10-0.12| 5.1-7.3 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .37 | .37 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

GrC2: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 0-5 | 12-16|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-7.3 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 3

 | 5-20 | 18-25|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | 20-26 | 10-32|1.45-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | 26-80 | 18-32|1.45-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.10-0.12| 5.1-7.3 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .37 | .37 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

GrC3: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------| 0-4 | 12-16|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-7.3 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 3

 | 4-16 | 18-25|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | 16-20 | 10-32|1.45-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | 20-80 | 18-32|1.45-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.10-0.12| 5.1-7.3 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .37 | .37 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

GuF: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Gullied land. | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 0-5 | 8-22|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-7.0 | 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 5

 | 5-17 | 20-30|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | 17-80 | 12-25|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Ke, Kf: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------| 0-8 | 27-40|1.35-1.55| 0.2-0.6 |0.16-0.20| 5.6-7.9 | 3.0-5.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .37 | .37 | 5

 | 8-36 | 35-60|1.30-1.50|0.0015-0.06 |0.13-0.18| 5.6-7.9 | 6.0-8.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | 36-80 | 10-27|1.40-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.18| 5.6-7.9 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

KrA, KsA, KuA: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------| 0-15 | 12-22|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.24| 5.1-7.3 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-3.0 | .49 | --- | 5

 | 15-42 | 22-35|1.40-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.16-0.20| 4.5-7.3 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | --- |

 | 42-80 | 15-30|1.50-1.70| 0.2-0.6 |0.06-0.20| 5.1-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | --- |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

LEVEE. | | | | | | | | | | |

 Levee | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

LoA, LoB: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 0-9 | 8-18|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-7.0 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 3

 | 9-31 | 18-32|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | 31-80 | 15-27|1.45-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.16-0.20| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

LoB2: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 0-5 | 8-18|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-7.0 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 3

 | 5-25 | 18-32|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | 25-80 | 15-27|1.45-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.16-0.20| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

LoB3: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 0-4 | 8-18|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-7.0 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 3

 | 4-21 | 18-32|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | 21-65 | 15-27|1.50-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.06-0.13| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | 65-80 | 10-25|1.30-1.60| 0.2-2 |0.06-0.13| 4.5-6.5 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

LoC2: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 0-5 | 8-18|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-7.0 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 3

 | 5-25 | 18-32|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | 25-80 | 15-27|1.45-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.16-0.20| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 365

Table 17.--Physical and Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | | | Moist |Permeability |Available| Soil | Linear | Organic |Erosion factors _______________

 and soil name | Depth | Clay | bulk | (Ksat) | water | reaction|extensi- | matter | | |

 | | | density | |capacity | | bility | | Kw | Kf | T ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | pH | Pct | Pct | | | __ ___ ____ _____ _____ __ ___ ___

 | | | | | | | | | | |

LoC3: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 0-4 | 8-18|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-7.0 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 3

 | 4-21 | 18-32|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | 21-48 | 15-27|1.50-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.06-0.13| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | 48-80 | 10-25|1.30-1.60| 0.2-2 |0.06-0.13| 4.5-6.5 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

LoD3: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------| 0-4 | 8-18|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-7.0 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 3

 | 4-20 | 18-32|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | 20-38 | 15-27|1.50-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.06-0.13| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | 38-80 | 10-25|1.30-1.60| 0.2-2 |0.06-0.13| 4.5-6.5 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .43 | .43 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

M-W. | | | | | | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous Water | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

MeA, MeB: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 0-7 | 8-22|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-7.0 | 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 5

 | 7-31 | 20-32|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | 31-80 | 15-25|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

MeB2, MeC2: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 0-5 | 8-22|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-7.0 | 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 5

 | 5-31 | 20-32|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | 31-80 | 15-25|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

MeC3, MeD3, MeE3: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 0-3 | 15-25|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-7.0 | 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 5

 | 3-16 | 20-32|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | 16-80 | 14-25|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

MmF: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------| 0-6 | 8-22|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-7.0 | 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 5

 | 6-31 | 20-30|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | 31-80 | 12-25|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 4.5-6.0 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Natchez-------------| 0-8 | 8-18|1.30-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.24| 5.1-7.3 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-3.0 | .49 | .49 | 5

 | 8-80 | 8-18|1.30-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.24| 5.1-7.3 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Mo: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------| 0-9 | 14-27|1.35-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.21-0.23| 6.1-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .43 | .43 | 5

 | 9-80 | 14-35|1.35-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.11-0.23| 6.1-8.4 | 3.0-5.9 | --- | .37 | .37 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Op, Os: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Openlake------------| 0-6 | 30-40|1.30-1.65| 0.2-0.6 |0.16-0.20| 6.5-7.8 | 6.0-8.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .37 | .37 | 5

 | 6-36 | 40-60|1.35-1.60|0.0015-0.06 |0.13-0.17| 6.5-7.8 | 6.0-8.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | 36-80 | 25-45|1.30-1.65| 0.2-0.6 |0.16-0.20| 6.5-7.8 | 6.0-8.9 | --- | .37 | .37 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Ph, Pp: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------| 0-10 | 27-40|1.35-1.55| 0.2-0.6 |0.16-0.20| 5.6-7.8 | 3.0-5.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .37 | .37 | 5

 | 10-19 | 35-60|1.30-1.50|0.0015-0.06 |0.13-0.18| 5.1-7.8 | 6.0-8.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | 19-29 | 15-30|1.50-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.22| 5.1-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | 29-80 | 5-15|1.40-1.50| 2-6 |0.05-0.15| 5.6-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .28 | .28 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

PtD: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Pits. | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Ra. | | | | | | | | | | |

 Riverwash | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Rb, Rc, Rf, RmD: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------| 0-5 | 2-10|1.40-1.50| 2-6 |0.15-0.18| 6.1-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .28 | .28 | 5

 | 5-80 | 5-15|1.50-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.14-0.18| 6.1-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |
366 Soil Survey

Table 17.--Physical and Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | | | Moist |Permeability |Available| Soil | Linear | Organic |Erosion factors _______________

 and soil name | Depth | Clay | bulk | (Ksat) | water | reaction|extensi- | matter | | |

 | | | density | |capacity | | bility | | Kw | Kf | T ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | pH | Pct | Pct | | | __ ___ ____ _____ _____ __ ___ ___

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Ro: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Roellen-------------| 0-13 | 40-55|1.40-1.55| 0.06-0.2 |0.15-0.19| 6.6-8.4 | 6.0-8.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .32 | .32 | 5

 | 13-42 | 40-60|1.40-1.55| 0.06-0.2 |0.14-0.17| 6.1-8.4 | 6.0-8.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .28 | .28 |

 | 42-80 | 35-60|1.40-1.60| 0.06-2 |0.14-0.20| 6.6-8.4 | 6.0-8.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .28 | .28 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

RsA, RtA: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 0-15 | 10-25|1.40-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.24| 4.5-6.5 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 5

 | 15-48 | 18-32|1.35-1.50| 0.06-0.2 |0.18-0.22| 4.5-6.5 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | 48-80 | 15-27|1.35-1.55| 0.06-0.2 |0.20-0.24| 5.1-7.3 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

RuA: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------| 0-15 | 10-24|1.40-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.24| 4.5-6.5 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .49 | .49 | 5

 | 15-48 | 18-32|1.35-1.50| 0.06-0.2 |0.18-0.22| 4.5-6.5 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | 48-80 | 15-27|1.35-1.55| 0.06-0.2 |0.20-0.24| 5.1-7.3 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .49 | .49 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Sc, Sh, Sk: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------| 0-5 | 40-60|1.20-1.50|0.0000-0.06 |0.12-0.18| 6.0-8.4 | 6.0-8.9 | 0.5-4.0 | .32 | .32 | 5

 | 5-80 | 45-65|1.20-1.50|0.0000-0.06 |0.07-0.14| 6.0-8.4 | 6.0-8.9 | --- | .28 | .28 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Tc, Tu: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Tunica--------------| 0-8 | 40-60|1.45-1.55|0.0000-0.06 |0.15-0.20| 5.6-7.8 | 6.0-8.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .32 | .32 | 5

 | 8-33 | 35-60|1.45-1.55|0.0000-0.06 |0.15-0.20| 5.6-7.8 | 6.0-8.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | 33-80 | 10-30|1.40-1.50| 0.06-2 |0.10-0.22| 5.6-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

UdC: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

UrB: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

W. | | | | | | | | | | |

 Water | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Wa, Wm: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 0-15 | 12-25|1.40-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.22| 5.6-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .32 | .32 | 4

 | 15-30 | 12-20|1.40-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.18| 5.6-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.5 | .32 | .32 |

 | 30-80 | 8-18|1.60-1.70| 2-20 |0.07-0.18| 6.1-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.5 | .28 | .28 |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Wr, Ws: | | | | | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------| 0-3 | 20-26|1.40-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.24| 5.6-8.4 | 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .43 | .43 | 4

 | 3-13 | 25-35|1.35-1.65| 0.2-0.6 |0.20-0.22| 6.1-8.4 | 3.0-5.9 | --- | .37 | .37 |

 | 13-22 | 15-25|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.16| 5.6-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .32 | .32 |

 | 22-80 | 8-18|1.60-1.70| 2-20 |0.07-0.19| 6.1-7.8 | 0.0-2.9 | --- | .28 | .28 |

 | | | | | | | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fulton County, Kentucky 367

Table 18.--Water Features

(Depths of layers are in feet. See text for definitions of terms used in this table. Estimates of the frequency of

 ponding and flooding apply to the whole year rather than to individual months. Absence of an entry indicates

 that the feature is not a concern or that data were not estimated.)

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| | | |

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | | __ __ __

 | | | | | | | | |

Ac: | | | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |2.0-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Ad: | | | | | | | | |

 Adler---------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |2.0-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |May-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Mar |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Apr-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Bd: | | | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Feb-Mar |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Apr-May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Jul-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

Be: | | | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Feb-Mar |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |Apr | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |May-Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Aug-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

Bf: | | | | | | | | |

 Bardwell------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Feb |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Frequent

 | |Mar |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |Apr-Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Aug-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

Bn: | | | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-May |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Jun-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |
368 Soil Survey

Table 18.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| | | |

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | | __ __ __

 | | | | | | | | |

Bo: | | | | | | | | |

 Bondurant-----------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Feb-Apr |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |May |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Rare

 | |Aug-Oct | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Dec |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

Br: | | | | | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-May |1.2-1.7| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Jun-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.2-1.7| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Bw: | | | | | | | | |

 Bowdre--------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |1.2-1.7| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Feb-Mar |1.2-1.7| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |Apr-May |1.2-1.7| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Jun-Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Aug-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.2-1.7| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | | | | | | | | |

CaA, CaB2: | | | | | | | | |

 Calloway------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |1.0-1.5|1.5-3.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.0-1.5|1.5-3.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

CeA: | | | | | | | | |

 Center--------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

CfA: | | | | | | | | |

 Center--------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Rare

 | |Feb |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Mar |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Apr |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Rare

 | |Jul-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Cg: | | | | | | | | |

 Collins-------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |2.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |May-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 369

Table 18.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| | | |

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | | __ __ __

 | | | | | | | | |

Ck: | | | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Feb-Mar |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Apr |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jun-Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Aug-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

Cm: | | | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Feb-Apr |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |May |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Aug-Oct | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Dec |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | | | | | | | | |

Cn: | | | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Feb-Mar |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Apr |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jun-Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Aug-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

Co: | | | | | | | | |

 Commerce------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Feb-Apr |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |May |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Aug-Oct | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Dec |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | | | | | | | | |

Cp: | | | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-May |1.5-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Jun-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.5-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Cr: | | | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |1.5-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |May |1.5-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Jun-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.5-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |
370 Soil Survey

Table 18.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| | | |

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | | __ __ __

 | | | | | | | | |

Cs: | | | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |1.5-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Feb-Apr |1.5-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |May |1.5-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Jun |1.5-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Aug-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.5-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | | | | | | | | |

Ct: | | | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |1.5-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |May |1.5-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Jun-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.5-1.7| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-May |0.0-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Jul-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |0.0-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

Cu: | | | | | | | | |

 Convent-------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |1.5-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Feb-Apr |1.5-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |May |1.5-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Jun |1.5-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Aug-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.5-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |0.0-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Feb-Apr |0.0-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |May |0.0-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Jun |0.0-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Aug-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |0.0-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

Cv: | | | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------------| A | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Feb-Mar |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Apr-May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Jul-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

Cw: | | | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------------| A | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Feb-Mar |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |Apr | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Jul-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 371

Table 18.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| | | |

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | | __ __ __

 | | | | | | | | |

Cx: | | | | | | | | |

 Crevasse------------------| A | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Feb-Mar |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |Apr-May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Jul-Oct | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Nov |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

De: | | | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-May |1.0-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jun-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.0-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

Dk: | | | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |1.0-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Feb-Apr |1.0-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |May |1.0-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Jun |1.0-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Aug-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.0-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | | | | | | | | |

Do: | | | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jun-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

Dv: | | | | | | | | |

 Dekoven-------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Feb-Apr |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |May |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Jun |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Aug-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | | | | | | | | |

Fa: | | | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |1.0-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |May-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.0-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | | | | | | | | |

Fc: | | | | | | | | |

 Falaya--------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |1.0-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Jun-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.0-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | | | | | | | | |

 Waverly-------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |0.5-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Jun-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |0.5-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | | | | | | | | |
372 Soil Survey

Table 18.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| | | |

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | | __ __ __

 | | | | | | | | |

FnA, FnB, FnB2, FnC2, FnC3,| | | | | | | | |

 FnD3, FnE3: | | | | | | | | |

 Feliciana----------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

GrA, GrB, GrB2: | | | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |1.8-2.5|2.2-3.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

GrB3: | | | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |1.5-2.0|1.7-2.2| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

GrC2: | | | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |1.8-2.5|2.2-3.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

GrC3: | | | | | | | | |

 Grenada-------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |1.5-2.0|1.7-2.2| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

GuF: | | | | | | | | |

 Gullied land. | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Ke: | | | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-May |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Jun-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Kf: | | | | | | | | |

 Keyespoint----------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Feb-May |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |Jun |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Aug-Oct | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Dec |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | | | | | | | | |

KrA: | | | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |1.2-1.7|2.5-5.5| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.2-1.7|2.5-5.5| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

KsA: | | | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |1.2-1.7|2.5-5.5| --- | --- | None | Brief | Rare

 | |Feb |1.2-1.7|2.5-5.5| --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Mar |1.2-1.7|2.5-5.5| --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Apr-May |1.2-1.7|2.5-5.5| --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Rare

 | |Jul-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.2-1.7|2.5-5.5| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 373

Table 18.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| | | |

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | | __ __ __

 | | | | | | | | |

KuA: | | | | | | | | |

 Kurk----------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |1.2-1.7|2.5-5.5| --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Feb-Apr |1.2-1.7|2.5-5.5| --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |May |1.2-1.7|2.5-5.5| --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Aug-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.2-1.7|2.5-5.5| --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

LEVEE. | | | | | | | | |

 Levee | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

LoA, LoB, LoB2: | | | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Mar |1.7-2.8|2.0-2.9| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Apr-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.7-2.8|2.0-2.9| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

LoB3: | | | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Mar |1.5-1.8|1.7-2.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Apr-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.5-1.8|1.7-2.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

LoC2: | | | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Mar |1.7-2.8|2.0-2.9| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Apr-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.7-2.8|2.0-2.9| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

LoC3, LoD3: | | | | | | | | |

 Loring--------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Mar |1.5-1.8|1.7-2.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Apr-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.5-1.8|1.7-2.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

M-W. | | | | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous Water | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

MeA, MeB, MeB2, MeC2, MeC3,| | | | | | | | |

 MeD3, MeE3: | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

MmF: | | | | | | | | |

 Memphis-------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

 Natchez-------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Mo: | | | | | | | | |

 Mhoon---------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Jul | 0.0 | >6.0 |0.2-4.0|Very long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |Aug-Nov | 0.0 | >6.0 |0.0-4.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |Dec | 0.0 | >6.0 |0.2-4.0|Very long | Frequent | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Op: | | | | | | | | |

 Openlake------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-May |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Jun-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |
374 Soil Survey

Table 18.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| | | |

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | | __ __ __

 | | | | | | | | |

Os: | | | | | | | | |

 Openlake------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Feb-Apr |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |May |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Aug-Oct | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Dec |1.0-2.0|2.0-3.0| --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | | | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |2.0-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Pp: | | | | | | | | |

 Phillippy-----------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |2.0-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Feb-Mar |2.0-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |Apr |2.0-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |May-Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Aug-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

PtD: | | | | | | | | |

 Pits. | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

Ra: | | | | | | | | |

 Riverwash-----------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |Feb-May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very long | Frequent

 | |Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |Jul-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | | | | | | | | |

Rb: | | | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Rc: | | | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Feb-Apr |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jun-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Rf: | | | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Feb-Mar |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Frequent

 | |Apr |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Jul-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 375

Table 18.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| | | |

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | | __ __ __

 | | | | | | | | |

RmD: | | | | | | | | |

 Robinsonville-------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Feb-May |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jun-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Ro: | | | | | | | | |

 Roellen-------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |0.0-1.0|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Feb-Mar |0.0-1.0|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Apr |0.0-1.0|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |May-Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jul-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |0.0-1.0|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | | | | | | | | |

RsA: | | | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-May |0.0-1.0|3.5-6.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Jun-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |0.0-1.0|3.5-6.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

RtA: | | | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |0.0-1.0|3.5-6.0| --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Feb-May |0.0-1.0|3.5-6.0| --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Jul-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |0.0-1.0|3.5-6.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

RuA: | | | | | | | | |

 Routon--------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |0.0-1.0|3.5-6.0| --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Feb-Apr |0.0-1.0|3.5-6.0| --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |May |0.0-1.0|3.5-6.0| --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Aug-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |0.0-1.0|3.5-6.0| --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | |

Sc: | | | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Jul | 0.0 |1.5-2.5|0.5-4.0|Very long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |Aug-Nov | 0.0 |1.5-2.5|0.0-4.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |Dec | 0.0 |1.5-2.5|0.5-4.0|Very long | Frequent | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Sh: | | | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Jun |0.0-1.5|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Jul-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |0.0-1.5|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Sk: | | | | | | | | |

 Sharkey-------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |0.0-1.5|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Feb-May |0.0-1.5|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |Jun |0.0-1.5|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Aug-Oct | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Dec |0.0-1.5|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | | | | | | | | |
376 Soil Survey

Table 18.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| | | |

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | | __ __ __

 | | | | | | | | |

Tc: | | | | | | | | |

 Tunica--------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-May |0.0-1.5|1.5-3.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Jun-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec |0.0-1.5|1.5-3.0| --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Tu: | | | | | | | | |

 Tunica--------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |0.0-1.5|1.5-3.0| --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Feb-Apr |0.0-1.5|1.2-3.0| --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |May-Jun |0.0-1.5|1.5-2.0| --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |Jul | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Aug-Oct | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Dec |0.0-1.5|1.5-3.0| --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | | | | | | | | |

UdC: | | | | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

UrB: | | | | | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

W. | | | | | | | | |

 Water | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

Wa: | | | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Wm: | | | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Feb-May |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jun-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Wr: | | | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Apr |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

Ws: | | | | | | | | |

 Ware----------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Feb-Mar |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Frequent

 | |Apr |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |Jun | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | |Jul-Nov | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fulton County, Kentucky 377

Table 19.--Soil Features

(See text for definitions of terms used in this table. Absence of an entry indicates that the

 feature is not a concern or that data were not estimated.)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Restrictive layer | Potential | Risk of corrosion ___________________________________ _________________________

 Map symbol | | Depth | | for | Uncoated |

 and soil name | Kind |to top |Thickness|frost action| steel | Concrete ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | In | In | | | __ __

 | | | | | |

Ac, Ad: | | | | | |

 Adler------------------| --- | --- | --- |None |Moderate |Low

 | | | | | |

Ba, Bd, Be, Bf: | | | | | |

 Bardwell---------------| --- | --- | --- |None |Low |Moderate

 | | | | | |

Bn, Bo: | | | | | |

 Bondurant--------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Low

 | | | | | |

Br, Bw: | | | | | |

 Bowdre-----------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Low

 | | | | | |

CaA, CaB2: | | | | | |

 Calloway---------------|Fragipan | 24-38 | 24-48 |None |High |Moderate

 | | | | | |

CeA, CfA: | | | | | |

 Center-----------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Moderate

 | | | | | |

Cg: | | | | | |

 Collins----------------| --- | --- | --- |None |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

Ch, Ck, Cm, Cn, Co: | | | | | |

 Commerce---------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Low

 | | | | | |

Cp, Cr, Cs: | | | | | |

 Convent----------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Low

 | | | | | |

Ct, Cu: | | | | | |

 Convent----------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Low

 | | | | | |

 Mhoon------------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Low

 | | | | | |

Cv, Cw, Cx: | | | | | |

 Crevasse---------------| --- | --- | --- |None |Low |Moderate

 | | | | | |

De, Dk: | | | | | |

 Dekoven----------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Low

 | | | | | |

Do, Dv: | | | | | |

 Dekoven----------------| --- | --- | --- |None |Moderate |Low

 | | | | | |

Fa: | | | | | |

 Falaya-----------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Moderate

 | | | | | |

Fc: | | | | | |

 Falaya-----------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Moderate

 | | | | | |

 Waverly----------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Moderate

 | | | | | |

FnA, FnB, FnB2, FnC2 | | | | | |

 FnC3, FnD3, FnE3: | | | | | |

 Feliciana-------------| --- | --- | --- |None |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

GrA, GrB, GrB2: | | | | | |

 Grenada----------------|Fragipan | 22-36 | 24-60 |None |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

GrB3: | | | | | |

 Grenada----------------|Fragipan | 18-22 | 24-60 |None |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |
378 Soil Survey

Table 19.--Soil Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Restrictive layer | Potential | Risk of corrosion ___________________________________ _________________________

 Map symbol | | Depth | | for | Uncoated |

 and soil name | Kind |to top |Thickness|frost action| steel | Concrete ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | In | In | | | __ __

 | | | | | |

GrC2: | | | | | |

 Grenada----------------|Fragipan | 22-36 | 24-60 |None |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

GrC3: | | | | | |

 Grenada----------------|Fragipan | 18-22 | 24-60 |None |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

GuF: | | | | | |

 Gullied land. | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Memphis----------------| --- | --- | --- |None |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

Ke, Kf: | | | | | |

 Keyespoint-------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Low

 | | | | | |

KrA, KsA, KuA: | | | | | |

 Kurk-------------------| --- | --- | --- |None |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

LEVEE. | | | | | |

 Levee | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

LoA, LoB, LoB2: | | | | | |

 Loring-----------------|Fragipan | 22-36 | 24-60 |None |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

LoB3: | | | | | |

 Loring-----------------|Fragipan | 18-22 | 24-60 |None |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

LoC2: | | | | | |

 Loring-----------------|Fragipan | 22-36 | 24-60 |None |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

LoC3: | | | | | |

 Loring-----------------|Fragipan | 18-22 | 24-60 |None |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

LoD3: | | | | | |

 Loring-----------------|Fragipan | 18-22 | 10-36 |None |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

M-W. | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous Water | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

MeA, MeB, MeB2, MeC2, | | | | | |

 MeC3, MeD3, MeE3: | | | | | |

 Memphis---------------| --- | --- | --- |None |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

MmF: | | | | | |

 Memphis----------------| --- | --- | --- |None |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

 Natchez----------------| --- | --- | --- |None |Low |Low

 | | | | | |

Mo: | | | | | |

 Mhoon------------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Low

 | | | | | |

Op, Os: | | | | | |

 Openlake---------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Low

 | | | | | |

Ph, Pp: | | | | | |

 Phillippy--------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Low

 | | | | | |

PtD: | | | | | |

 Pits. | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Ra. | | | | | |

 Riverwash | | | | | |

 | | | | | |
Fulton County, Kentucky 379

Table 19.--Soil Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Restrictive layer | Potential | Risk of corrosion ___________________________________ _________________________

 Map symbol | | Depth | | for | Uncoated |

 and soil name | Kind |to top |Thickness|frost action| steel | Concrete ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | In | In | | | __ __

 | | | | | |

Rb, Rc, Rf, RmD: | | | | | |

 Robinsonville----------| --- | --- | --- |None |Low |Low

 | | | | | |

Ro: | | | | | |

 Roellen----------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Low

 | | | | | |

RsA, RtA, RuA: | | | | | |

 Routon-----------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Moderate

 | | | | | |

Sc, Sh, Sk: | | | | | |

 Sharkey----------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Moderate

 | | | | | |

Tc, Tu: | | | | | |

 Tunica-----------------| --- | --- | --- |None |High |Low

 | | | | | |

UdC: | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

UrB: | | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

W. | | | | | |

 Water | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Wa, Wm, Wr, Ws: | | | | | |

 Ware-------------------| --- | --- | --- |None |Low |Low

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
380 Soil Survey Table 20.--Physical Analyses of Selected Soils (Dashes indicate the material was not detected. An asterisk indicates the soil represents the typical pedon for the soil series in the survey area. For the location of the pedons, see "Soil Series and Their Morphology." Soil samples were analyzed at the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station, Lexington, Kentucky.) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Total | Size class and particle diameter | ________________________________________________________ | | | | Sand | Sand |Very fine | __________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | | Very | coarser |sand plus | Soil name and |Horizon|Depth| Sand | Silt | Clay | Very |Coarse|Medium| Fine | fine |than very|silt (0.1-| Textural class sample number | | | (2- | (0.05-|(<0.002|coarse| (1- |(0.5- |(0.25- |(0.1- |fine (2- |0.002 mm) | | | | 0.05 | 0.002 | mm) | (2-1 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.1 mm) | | | | | mm) | mm) | | mm) | mm) | mm) | mm) | mm) | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | |--------------------------------------Pct <2mm---------------------------------| _______________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | | | | | Bondurant silty | | | | | | | | | | | | | clay loam: |Ap1 | 0-3 | 12.3 | 53.7 | 34.0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 1.8 | 4.6 | 5.5 | 6.8 | 59.2 |Silty clay loam (S99KY-075-1)* |Ap2 | 3-11| 5.6 | 59.5 | 34.9 | --- | 0.1 | 4.2 | 12.6 | 3.7 | 16.9 | 63.2 |Silty clay loam |A |11-20| 8.7 | 58.3 | 33.0 | --- | 0.3 | 4.1 | 16.6 | 4.2 | 21.0 | 62.5 |Silty clay loam |Bg1 |20-28| 2.5 | 42.9 | 54.6 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 44.2 |Silty clay |Bg2 |28-50| 12.2 | 45.0 | 42.8 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 10.9 | 1.3 | 55.9 |Silty clay |2BCg |50-67| 28.7 | 41.3 | 30.0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 5.1 | 22.6 | 6.1 | 63.9 |Clay loam |2Cg |67-80| 65.5 | 15.7 | 18.8 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 24.5 | 40.4 | 25.1 | 56.1 |Very fine sandy loam | | | | | | | | | | | | | Feliciana silt | | | | | | | | | | | | | loam: |Ap | 0-4 | 3.4 | 76.3 | 20.3 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 77.6 |Silt loam (S96KY-075-3) |Bt1 | 4-17| 1.5 | 67.6 | 30.9 | --- | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 68.4 |Silty clay loam |Bt2 |17-30| 1.1 | 71.1 | 27.8 | --- | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 71.8 |Silty clay loam, silt loam |Bt3 |30-46| 0.8 | 76.6 | 22.6 | --- | --- | --- | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 77.3 |Silt loam |Bt4 |46-66| 0.9 | 83.9 | 15.2 | --- | --- | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 84.6 |Silt loam | | | | | | | | | | | | | Phillippy silty | | | | | | | | | | | | | clay loam: |Ap1 | 0-3 | 11.1 | 54.9 | 34.0 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 1.6 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 7.0 | 59.0 |Silty clay loam (S99KY-075-3)* |Ap2 | 3-10| 6.6 | 55.2 | 38.2 | --- | 0.1 | 0.4 | 2.5 | 3.6 | 1.2 | 81.2 |Silty clay loam |A |10-19| 13.8 | 37.6 | 48.6 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 3.5 | 9.8 | 4.0 | 47.4 |Silty clay |2Bw1 |19-24| 43.8 | 32.7 | 23.5 | --- | 0.1 | 0.5 | 11.5 | 31.7 | 12.1 | 64.4 |Loam |2Bw2 |24-29| 61.8 | 20.7 | 17.5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1.0 | 28.0 | 32.6 | 29.2 | 53.3 |Very fine sandy loam |2BC |29-42| 88.7 | 5.4 | 5.9 | --- | 0.1 | 3.1 | 75.8 | 9.7 | 79.0 | 15.1 |Fine sand |2C1 |42-65| 93.8 | 2.4 | 3.8 | --- | 0.1 | 1.0 | 79.5 | 13.2 | 80.6 | 15.6 |Fine sand |2C2 |65-80| 76.6 | 11.3 | 12.1 | --- | --- | 0.2 | 39.2 | 37.2 | 39.4 | 48.5 |Very fine sandy loam | | | | | | | | | | | | | Phillippy silty | | | | | | | | | | | | | clay loam: |Ap1 | 0-6 | 11.6 | 58.2 | 30.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 4.4 | 6.1 | 5.5 | 64.3 |Silty clay loam (S99KY-075-2) |Ap2 | 6-14| 9.5 | 55.7 | 34.8 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 2.7 | 6.1 | 1.2 | 81.2 |Silty clay loam |AB |14-22| 13.5 | 46.3 | 40.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 2.5 | 10.3 | 3.2 | 56.6 |Silty clay |2Bw1 |22-30| 40.8 | 34.0 | 25.2 | --- | 0.1 | 0.3 | 13.6 | 26.8 | 14.0 | 60.8 |Loam, clay loam |2Bw2 |30-37| 63.0 | 20.3 | 16.7 | --- | 0.1 | 0.4 | 21.1 | 41.4 | 21.6 | 61.7 |Very fine sandy loam |2BC |37-43| 48.6 | 34.0 | 17.4 | --- | 0.2 | 4.0 | 9.3 | 35.1 | 13.5 | 69.1 |Loam |2C |43-70| 96.4 | 2.9 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 3.3 |37.2 | 54.0 | 1.8 | 94.6 | 4.7 |Fine sand | | | | | | | | | | | | | _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fulton County, Kentucky 381 Table 21.--Chemical Analyses of Selected Soils (ND indicates that a determination was not made. Tr indicates a trace amount. An asterisk indicates the soil represents the typical pedon for the soil series in the survey area. For the location of the pedons, see "Soil Series and Their Morphology." Soil samples were analyzed at the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station, Lexington, Kentucky.) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | pH | | Cation-exchange | | | | | | Soil name and | | | 1:1 | Extractable cations | capacity |Extract-| Base saturation |Organic | Calcium | Phos- | ___________________________________________ _________________ sample number |Horizon|Depth| H20 | | | | |Total|Ammonium| Sum of | able |Ammonium|Sum of |matter |carbonate |phorus |Potassium | | | | Ca | Mg | K | Na |(TEC)|acetate |cations |acidity |acetate |cations | |equivalent| | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | |------ Milliequivalents per 100 grams of soil-------| Pct | Pct | Pct | Pct | p/m | p/m ____________________________________________________ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Bondurant silty | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | clay loam: |Ap1 | 0-3 | 5.7 |10.9| 2.9| 0.5| 0.1| 14.4| 22.3 | 21.4 | 7.0 | 65 | 67 | 3.2 | Tr | 52 | 178 (S99KY-075-1)* |Ap2 | 3-11| 6.6 |12.3| 3.0| 0.4| 0.1| 15.8| 20.3 | 23.2 | 7.4 | 78 | 68 | 2.2 | 0.1 | 32 | 155 |A |11-20| 6.4 |12.1| 4.0| 0.4| 0.1| 16.6| 23.3 | 28.8 | 12.2 | 71 | 58 | 2.1 | 0.1 | 20 | 142 |Bg1 |20-28| 5.1 |14.4| 6.9| 0.6| 0.1| 22.0| 33.9 | 31.3 | 9.4 | 65 | 70 | 1.4 | Tr | 21 | 253 |Bg2 |28-50| 5.1 |11.7| 5.9| 0.5| 0.1| 18.2| 28.5 | 25.1 | 6.9 | 64 | 72 | 1.0 | Tr | 39 | 193 |2BCg |50-67| 5.6 |10.0| 4.8| 0.4| 0.2| 15.4| 22.4 | 23.9 | 8.5 | 69 | 64 | 0.5 | Tr | 52 | 157 |2Cg |67-80| 5.8 | 6.4| 3.1| 0.3| 0.1| 9.9| 15.8 | 10.7 | 0.8 | 63 | 93 | 0.4 | Tr | 49 | 93 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Feliciana silt | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | loam: |Ap | 0-4 | 5.6 | 6.7| 2.4| 0.3| 0.1| 9.4| 14.0 | 17.0 | 7.5 | 67 | 56 | 1.7 | 0.1 | 22 | 142 (S96KY-075-3) |Bt1 | 4-17| 5.3 | 6.7| 3.9| 0.3| 0.1| 11.0| 16.0 | 22.0 | 11.0 | 69 | 50 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 33 | 140 |Bt2 |17-30| 5.0 | 4.8| 4.0| 0.3| 0.2| 9.3| 15.1 | 18.3 | 9.0 | 62 | 51 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 34 | 127 |Bt3 |30-46| 5.2 | 4.1| 3.5| 0.3| 0.2| 8.1| 13.6 | 17.1 | 9.0 | 60 | 47 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 35 | 126 |Bt4 |46-66| 5.3 | 3.7| 2.9| 0.3| 0.2| 7.1| 11.8 | 14.0 | 7.0 | 60 | 50 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 37 | 112 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Phillippy silty | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | clay loam: |Ap1 | 0-3 | 6.9 |11.7| 3.1| 0.5| 0.1| 15.3| 21.5 | 19.5 | 4.2 | 71 | 78 | 3.1 | ND | 54 | 211 (S99KY-075-3)* |Ap2 | 3-10| 6.0 |11.6| 3.7| 0.5| 0.1| 15.9| 24.9 | 24.1 | 8.2 | 64 | 66 | 1.8 | ND | 29 | 184 |A |10-19| 6.0 |17.3| 5.0| 0.6| 0.2| 23.1| 31.6 | 31.3 | 8.2 | 73 | 74 | 1.0 | ND | 35 | 210 |2Bw1 |19-24| 5.9 | 9.3| 3.1| 0.4| 0.1| 12.9| 18.4 | 18.0 | 5.1 | 70 | 72 | 0.5 | ND | 44 | 153 |2Bw2 |24-29| 5.7 | 6.6| 2.2| 0.3| 0.1| 9.2| 12.5 | 12.5 | 3.3 | 74 | 74 | 0.4 | ND | 52 | 121 |2BC |29-42| 5.9 | 2.4| 0.9| 0.1| 0.1| 3.5| 4.4 | 5.6 | 2.1 | 79 | 62 | 0.2 | ND | 38 | 58 |2C1 |42-65| 5.9 | 2.5| 0.9| 0.1| Tr| 3.5| 3.0 | 5.5 | 2.0 | 94 | 64 | 0.1 | ND | 43 | 49 |2C2 |65-80| 5.9 | 4.5| 1.7| 0.2| 0.1| 6.5| 8.1 | 8.6 | 2.1 | 80 | 76 | 0.2 | ND | 51 | 94 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Phillippy silty | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | clay loam: |Ap1 | 0-6 | 5.8 |10.6| 3.2| 0.5| 0.1| 14.4| 25.4 | 18.6 | 4.2 | 57 | 77 | 2.3 | 0.1 | 31 | 180 (S99KY-075-2) |Ap2 | 6-14| 5.6 |12.2| 4.3| 0.4| 0.1| 17.0| 26.9 | 27.5 | 10.5 | 63 | 62 | 2.0 | 0.1 | 19 | 159 |AB |14-22| 5.3 |12.4| 5.1| 0.5| 0.1| 18.1| 27.4 | 28.5 | 10.4 | 66 | 63 | 1.2 | Tr | 14 | 165 |2Bw1 |22-30| 5.5 | 8.2| 3.3| 0.3| 0.1| 11.9| 19.0 | 19.6 | 7.8 | 63 | 61 | 0.8 | Tr | 24 | 127 |2Bw2 |30-37| 5.5 | 5.9| 2.2| 0.2| 0.1| 8.4| 13.5 | 14.2 | 5.8 | 62 | 59 | 0.5 | Tr | 39 | 94 |2BC |37-43| 5.5 | 6.5| 2.5| 0.2| 0.1| 9.3| 14.2 | 15.4 | 6.1 | 65 | 60 | 0.5 | Tr | 38 | 84 |2C |43-70| 5.9 | 0.9| 0.3| 0.1| Tr| 1.3| 3.2 | 4.3 | 3.0 | 41 | 30 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 16 | 17 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
382

Table 22.--Classification of the Soils

(An asterisk in the first column indicates a taxadjunct to the series. See text for a description of those

 characteristics that are outside the range of the series.)

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |

 Soil name | Family or higher taxonomic class

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |

 |

 Adler---------------|Coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, thermic Fluvaquentic Eutrudepts

 Bardwell------------|Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Fluventic Hapludolls

 Bondurant-----------|Fine, smectitic, thermic Fluvaquentic Vertic Epiaquolls

*Bowdre--------------|Clayey over loamy, smectitic, thermic Fluvaquentic Hapludolls

 Calloway------------|Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Aquic Fraglossudalfs

 Center--------------|Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Aquic Hapludalfs

*Collins-------------|Coarse-silty, mixed, active, acid, thermic Aquic Udifluvents

 Commerce------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, nonacid, thermic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts

 Convent-------------|Coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, nonacid, thermic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts

 Crevasse------------|Mixed, thermic Typic Udipsamments

 Dekoven-------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, thermic Typic Endoaquolls

*Falaya--------------|Coarse-silty, mixed, active, acid, thermic Aeric Fluvaquents

 Feliciana-----------|Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Ultic Hapludalfs

 Grenada-------------|Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Oxyaquic Fraglossudalfs

 Keyespoint----------|Clayey over loamy, smectitic over mixed, superactive, nonacid, thermic Vertic Epiaquepts

 Kurk----------------|Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Aeric Epiaqualfs

 Loring--------------|Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Oxyaquic Fragiudalfs

 Memphis-------------|Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Typic Hapludalfs

 Mhoon---------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, nonacid, thermic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts

 Natchez-------------|Coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, thermic Typic Eutrudepts

 Openlake------------|Fine, smectitic, nonacid, thermic Vertic Epiaquepts

 Phillippy-----------|Clayey over loamy, smectitic over mixed, superactive, thermic Oxyaquic Hapludolls

 Robinsonville-------|Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, nonacid, thermic Typic Udifluvents

 Roellen-------------|Fine, smectitic, thermic Fluvaquentic Vertic Epiaquolls

 Routon--------------|Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Typic Epiaqualfs

*Sharkey-------------|Very-fine, smectitic, thermic Chromic Epiaquerts

 Tunica--------------|Clayey over loamy, smectitic over mixed, superactive, nonacid, thermic Vertic Epiaquepts

 Udorthents----------|Udorthents

 Ware----------------|Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, thermic Fluventic Hapludolls

 Waverly-------------|Coarse-silty, mixed, active, acid, thermic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts

 | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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phone number at http://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app.

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