PLANNING AND EVALUATION SERVICE

State ESEA Title I Participation

Information for 1999–2000

Final Summary Report

2002

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

DOC # 2002-11

OFFICE OF THE UNDER SECRETARY

OFFICE OF ELEMENTARY AND

SECONDARY EDUCATION
This is some

State ESEA Title I Participation

Information for 1999–2000

Final Summary Report

Beth Sinclair, Westat

Rockville, Md.

Prepared for:

Office of the Under Secretary

Office of Elementary and Secondary Education

U.S. Department of Education

Contract No. 282-98-0015

2002
This report was prepared for the U.S. Department of Education under Contract No. 282-98-0015. The views

expressed herein are those of the contractors. No official endorsement by the U.S. Department of Education is

intended or should be inferred.

U.S. Department of Education

Rod Paige

Secretary

Office of the Under Secretary

Eugene Hickok

Under Secretary

Planning and Evaluation Service

Alan L. Ginsburg

Director

Office of Elementary and Secondary

Education

Susan Neuman

Assistant Secretary

Compensatory Education Programs

Jackie Jackson

Acting Director

July 2002

This report is in the public domain. Authorization to reproduce it in whole or in part is granted. While permission

to reprint this publication is not necessary, the citation should be: U. S. Department of Education, Office of the

Under Secretary, State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–00: Final Summary Report, Washington,

D.C., 20202.

To order copies of this report, write:

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U.S. Department of Education

P.O. Box 1398

Jessup, MD 20794-1398

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This report is available on the Department's Web site at: www.ed.gov/offices/OUS/PES/ed_for_disadvantaged.html.

On request, this publication is also available in alternative formats, such as Braille, large print, audiotape, or

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Acknowledgments

We wish to thank the many individuals who contributed to the completion of this report.

Particularly helpful were several individuals in the U.S. Department of Education. Daphne Hardcastle of

the Planning and Evaluation Service served as project officer for this study and provided invaluable

substantive guidance and support for both the 1999–00 data collection and the production of this report.

Mitzi Beach, Charles Laster, Grace Ross, and Mary Moran of the Office of Compensatory Education

Programs worked with the Title I coordinators in the states to obtain all of the necessary Consolidated

Report data and provided us with useful comments and suggestions as we developed this report.

We are also grateful to the Title I coordinators in each state for their cooperation and assistance in

verifying the information submitted on the Consolidated Reports for 1999–00.

Several members of the Westat staff deserve special recognition, including Julie Daft for

contacting the state Title I Coordinators and Saunders Freeland for her expert typing of this report.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page i

Contents

Page

Introduction to the Report............................................................................................................................. 1

Overview of Title I of the ESEA .................................................................................................................. 2

Title I School and Local Educational Agency Information .......................................................................... 3

Title I Schools by Poverty Level .................................................................................................................. 4

Targeted Assistance Schools (TAS) and Schoolwide Program (SWP) Schools........................................... 4

School and School District Improvement ..................................................................................................... 5

Schools Identified for Improvement ................................................................................................ 6

School Districts Identified for Improvement ................................................................................... 7

Schools Meeting State Criteria for Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) ......................................................... 7

Adequate Yearly Progress by Level of School Poverty................................................................... 8

Title I Student Participation .......................................................................................................................... 8

Overall Participation Patterns .......................................................................................................... 8

Grade-Level Participation................................................................................................................ 9

Racial and Ethnic Classification ...................................................................................................... 9

Special Populations Served by Title I......................................................................................................... 10

Services Supported by Title I...................................................................................................................... 10

Instructional Services..................................................................................................................... 10

Other Support Services .................................................................................................................. 10

Family Literacy Services ............................................................................................................... 11

Extended-Time Instructional Programs ......................................................................................... 11

Title I Staffing Patterns............................................................................................................................... 11

Information on the Title I State Agency Program for Neglected or Delinquent Children and Youth ........ 12

Participation by Type of Institution ............................................................................................... 12
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page ii

List of Tables

Page

Table 1 Percentage of Title I Schools by Poverty Level, 1998-99 and 1999-00 .............................. 13

Table 2a Number and Percentage of Targeted Assistance (TAS) Schools, by State, 1998–99

and 1999–00......................................................................................................................... 14

Table 2b Number and Percentage of Schoolwide Program (SWP) Schools, by State, 1998–99

and 1999-00.......................................................................................................................... 15

Table 3a Participating Title I Local Education Agencies (LEAs) Identified for Improvement,

by State, 1998–99 and 1999-00............................................................................................ 16

Table 3b Participating Title I Schools Identified for School Improvement, by State, 1998–99

and 1999-00.......................................................................................................................... 17

Table 4a Targeted Assistance Schools (TAS) in School Improvement, by State, 1998–99 and

1999–00................................................................................................................................ 18

Table 4b Schoolwide (SWP) Schools in School Improvement, by State, 1997–98 and 1999–00...... 19

Table 5 Number and Percentage of Schools (TAS and SWP Combined) Meeting State Criteria

for Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), 1998-99 and 1999-00 .............................................. 20

Table 6a Number and Percentage of Targeted Assistance Schools (TAS) Meeting State Criteria

for Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), 1998-99 and 1999-00 .............................................. 21

Table 6b Number and Percentage of Schoolwide (SWP) Schools Meeting State Criteria for

Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), 1998-99 and 1999-00.................................................... 22

Table 7 Title I Schools Meeting State Criteria for Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), by Poverty

Level, 1998-99 and 1999-00 ................................................................................................ 23

Table 8 Number and Percentage of Title I Public, Nonpublic, and Local Neglected or Delinquent

(N or D) Participants, by State, 1998–99 and 1999–00 ....................................................... 24

Table 9 Title I Participation, Public, Nonpublic, Local Neglected or Delinquent (N or D), and

Total, 1979–80 to 1999–00 .................................................................................................. 26

Table 10 Title I Participants, by Grade Span, Targeted Assistance (TAS), Schoolwide (SWP),

Nonpublic, Local Neglected or Delinquent (N or D), and Total, 1998–99 and 1999–00.... 27

Table 11 Number and Percentage of Title I Targeted Assistance (TAS) and Schoolwide (SWP)

Participants, by Racial or Ethnic Classification and State, 1998–99 and 1999–00.............. 28
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page iii

Tables (continued)

Page

Table 12 Number and Percentage of Title I Participants, by Racial or Ethnic Classification,

1979–80 through 1999–00 ................................................................................................... 30

Table 13 Number and Percentage of Total Public Targeted Assistance (TAS) and Schoolwide

(SWP) Title I Participants with Disabilities, by State, 1998–99 and 1999–00 .................... 31

Table 14 Number and Percentage of Total Title I Participants with Limited English Proficiency

(LEP), by State, 1998–99 and 1999–00 ............................................................................... 32

Table 15 Number and Percentage of Homeless Children Participating in Title I, by State,

1998–99 and 1999–00.......................................................................................................... 33

Table 16 Number and Percentage of Total Public Targeted Assistance (TAS) and Schoolwide

(SWP) Title I Participants Classified as Migrant, by State, 1998–99 and 1999–00 ............ 34

Table 17 Total Public Targeted Assistance (TAS) Title I Participants, by Service Area,

1998–99 and 1999–00.......................................................................................................... 35

Table 18 Number and Percentage of LEAs Providing Family Literacy Services, by State,

1998–99 and 1999–00.......................................................................................................... 36

Table 19 Number of Extended Time Instructional Programs in Operation, by State, 1998–99

and 1999–00......................................................................................................................... 37

Table 20 Title I-Funded Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) Staff, by State, 1998–99 and 1999–00........... 38

Table 21 Title I Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) Teachers and Teacher Aides, 1979–80 through

1999–00................................................................................................................................ 40

Table 22 Number of State Agency Neglected, Delinquent, and Adult Correctional Title I

Participants, by State, 1998–99 and 1999–00 ...................................................................... 41

Table 23 Number of Institutions Participating in the State Agency Neglected or Delinquent

(N or D) Program, by State, 1998–99 and 1999–00 ............................................................ 42
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page iv

List of Figures

Page

Figure 1 Title I Grants to LEAs Appropriation Information, 1967–68 to 1999–00 ............................. 3

Figure 2 Percentage of Title I Schools by Poverty Level, 1998-99 and 1999-00 ................................ 4

Figure 3 Number of Targeted Assistance (TAS) and Schoolwide Program (SWP) Schools, 1992–93

through 1999–00 .................................................................................................................... 5

Figure 4 Number and Percentage of Schools Identified for Improvement, 1998–99 and 1999–00 ..... 6

Figure 5 Number and Percentage of School Districts Identified for Improvement, 1998–99

and 1999–00........................................................................................................................... 7

Figure 6 Number and Percentage of Schools Meeting State Criteria for Adequate Yearly

Progress (AYP), 1998-99 and 1999-00.................................................................................. 7

Figure 7 Percentage of Schools Meeting State Criteria for Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), by

School Poverty Level, 1998-99 and 1999-00......................................................................... 8

Figure 8 Title I Grants to LEAs Program – Total Participation, 1979–80 through 1999–00............... 8

Figure 9 Title I Participation, by Grade Span, 1999–00....................................................................... 9

Figure 10 Title I Participants, by Racial and Ethnic Classification, 1999–00........................................ 9

Figure 11 Percentage of Total Title I Participants, by Racial and Ethnic Classification, 1979–80

through 1999–00 .................................................................................................................... 9

Figure 12 Services Provided to Title I TAS Students, 1998–99 and 11999–00................................... 10

Figure 13 Number and Percentage of School Districts Providing Family Literacy Services,

1998–99 and 1999–00.......................................................................................................... 11

Figure 14 Title I FTE Staff in TAS Schools, by Classification, 1999–00............................................ 11

Figure 15 Title I FTE Teachers and Teacher Aides in TAS Schools, 1979–80 through 1999–00....... 12

Figure 16 State N or D Participants and Institutions, 1999–00 ............................................................ 12
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 1

Introduction to the Report

The State ESEA Title I Participation Summary Report for 1999–00 summarizes data for two components of

the Title I program: the Title I Grants to Local Educational Agencies (LEAs) and the State Agency

Program for Neglected or Delinquent Children and Youth (State N or D). The Title I Grants to LEAs

program provides federal financial assistance to eligible school districts and schools to assist them in

providing opportunities for children most at risk, helping them acquire knowledge and skills to meet

challenging state content and performance standards. The Part A program can serve children as young as

preschool and as old as the high school level and provides supplemental services to many special

populations including children with disabilities, students with limited English proficiency (LEP), and

homeless and migrant children. This program also provides services outside of the traditional public school

setting to eligible children in nonpublic schools and local institutions for neglected or delinquent students,

as well as other support services such as family literacy services. The State N or D program provides

financial assistance for compensatory education to state agencies directly responsible for providing free

public education to children in institutions for neglected or delinquent children and juveniles in adult

correctional institutions. Juveniles in adult correctional institutions are eligible for Title I assistance until

their twenty-second birthday.

The following sections present Title I participation data for 1999–00 as well as comparisons to 1998–99

and previous years. The areas discussed in this report include: districts, schools and students served, the

range of instructional and support services provided, Title I staffing patterns, and schools’ progress

toward meeting performance standards, as reported by states on Title I State Performance Reports. Stateby-state tables follow the text that amplify the participation data and offer readers a more detailed look at

several aspects of the Title I program.

For 1999-00, data were submitted beginning in December 2000 and continuing through 2001. Data

quality and timeliness continue to be issues, but ED is working with states to both improve the quality of

their submissions as well as improve their timeliness. ED's Office of Inspector General is also completing

work on a joint audit with the General Accounting Office (GAO) to examine data quality in Title I

performance reports submitted, as these data are used for reporting under the Government Performance

and Results Act (GPRA). 

It is also important to note that the reporting requirements have changed under the recently passed “No

Child Left Behind” legislation which reauthorizes ESEA. However, this report is based on the 1999–00

school year and therefore reports on data submitted under the 1994 reauthorization and its relevant

reporting requirements.

As part of the verification process, states can and do revise information submitted for 1999–00 as well as

information submitted for earlier years. As a result of these revisions, some of the information shown in

this report differs from previously published figures.

The 1999–00 achievement results will be reported separately in State Education Indicators with a Focus on Title I

1999-2000. Refer to the Department’s Web site at: www.ed.gov/offices/OUS/PES/ed_for_disadvantaged.html.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 2

Overview of Title I of the ESEA

Enacted in 1965, Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) initiated federal aid to

the nation’s elementary and secondary schools to provide supplemental resources to school programs

because educational needs are particularly great for low-achieving children in high-poverty schools.

Research has shown a high correlation between high poverty and low achievement.

The 1994 reauthorization of Title I of ESEA introduced a new federal approach built around a framework

of standards-driven reform. The goal was to couple flexibility in the use of resources with attention to

accountability for results. Specifically, under the reauthorized Title I, services are to be linked to the

same rigorous state content and performance standards that are expected of all children, and aligned

assessments are to be used to measure students’ progress toward meeting these standards. In addition,

states must put in place a system of accountability designed to identify and assist schools that do not

make adequate progress towards meeting the standards. Finally, the statute encourages high-poverty

schools to develop schoolwide approaches to improving student performance and overall provides more

opportunities for flexibility when implementing the Title I program. Each of these four areas is described

in greater detail below.

Standards and Assessments. By the 1997–98 school year, each state was to have adopted challenging

content standards in at least reading and math that specify what all children are expected to know and be

able to do. In addition, states were required to develop challenging performance standards that describe

students’ mastery of the content standards. The performance standards must include advanced, proficient,

and partially proficient levels and must apply equally to all students. Upon completing the development

of standards, each state was required to submit to the Department evidence that standards are in place and

that a rigorous process was used to adopt the standards. Final assessments, aligned to state content

standards and used to measure the progress of schools in enabling students to meet the standards, were

required by the 2000–01 school year. School year 1999–00 was therefore the last year during which not

all states had implemented final assessment systems.

Accountability and Improvement. Using a definition of adequate yearly progress developed by the state,

districts must annually review the progress of each Title I school to determine whether the school is making

adequate yearly progress toward enabling its students to meet state content standards. Schools that do not

make adequate yearly progress for two consecutive years are to be identified for improvement. Corrective

actions are to be taken in schools that continue to be low performing for three years after being identified

for improvement. The improvement designation can be removed for schools that meet adequate yearly

progress targets for two of the three years following the initial designation.

State definitions of adequate yearly progress are to link progress to performance on the state’s final

assessment and may include additional measures such as dropout, retention, and/or attendance rates.

Adequate yearly progress is to be defined in a manner that results in continuous and substantial yearly

improvement of each Tile I school and district. This improvement should be sufficient to achieve the goal

of all children served under Title I, particularly economically disadvantaged and limited English

proficient children, meeting the state’s proficient and advanced levels of performance. Until states have

their final assessments in place, states are to devise a procedure for identifying schools and districts in

need of improvement that relies on accurate information about the continuous and substantial yearly

academic progress of each school and school district. Such transitional procedures were therefore being

used for 1999–00.

Because the process for identifying schools and districts does not start from scratch when assessments

change, schools and districts may be identified for improvement under different criteria—transitional

accountability criteria and an adequate yearly progress definition linked to the final assessment. Changes
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 3

in the definition may result in changes in the number of schools identified, in both positive and negative

directions.

Schoolwide Programs. High-poverty schools—those with at least 50 percent of their students from lowincome families—are encouraged to develop schoolwide approaches to improving student performance.

The rationale is that achievement in high-poverty schools can be increased best by investing in strategies

that will improve the quality of instruction throughout the school, rather than by providing additional

services to a fraction of the student body. These approaches also provide some flexibility in the use of

federal resources by allowing funds from certain other federal programs to be combined with the Title I

funds in the school. Schoolwide programs are meant to be comprehensive in nature, upgrade the entire

educational program for all students in the school, and focus on results for low-performing students.

With the recent passage of “No Child Left Behind,” requirements relating to the four areas just discussed

have changed significantly. However, this report describes the Title I program as it operated in 1999–00

under the previous program requirements.

Title I School and Local Educational Agency Information

Title I represents the single largest investment in elementary and secondary education by the federal

government. This program was funded in 1998–99 at approximately $7.9 billion and in 1999–00 at

almost $8.3 billion. This single program represents almost half (48 percent) of funds appropriated to

support elementary and secondary

education. The vast majority of Title I

funds (93 percent) was distributed to

school districts under the Title I Part A

Grants to LEAs program. When

shown in constant dollars, funding for

the Title I Grants to LEAs program

increased in the late 1980s and leveled

off somewhat in the 1990s. (See

Figure 1.)

Title I funds are currently allocated

through two funding formulas—Basic

Grants and Concentration Grants. At

$6.5 billion for 1999–00, Basic Grants

are the larger of the two funding

streams. Basic Grants provide funds

for school districts with at least 10

federal formula-eligible children, ages

5-17, who make up more than

2 percent of the overall enrollment count in that district. Concentration Grants go to districts in which the

number of formula-eligible children exceeds 6,500 or 15 percent of the district enrollment. Funds

devoted to Concentration Grants amounted to $1.1 billion in the 1999-00 school year. More than 90

percent of districts nationwide receive Title I funding. See Table 2a for state-by-state counts of

participating school districts (LEAs).

Figure 1

Title I Grants to LEAs Appropriation Information,

1967-68 to 1999-00

(in 1999 Constant Dollars)

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

67 70 75 80 85 90 95 99

Year

$ in millions
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 4

Title I Schools by Poverty Level

In 1999–00, states reported that

more than half (56 percent) of the

Title I schools had rates of school

poverty that were 50 percent or

higher. The smallest group of schools

was those with moderate levels of

poverty (from 35% to 49%). This

group represented 19 percent of all

Title I schools. These percentages

changed only slightly from 1998–99

to 1999–00. (See Figure 2 and

Table 1)

Targeted Assistance Schools (TAS) and

Schoolwide Program (SWP) Schools

The Title I Grants to LEAs program provides services to students in schools under two basic program

models. The first, targeted assistance, provides instructional and support services to specific students who

are at the greatest risk of not meeting performance standards. TAS programs assist children identified as

having the greatest need for special assistance.

The TAS model is implemented in Title I-eligible schools that either are not eligible to conduct

schoolwide programs or choose not to operate such a program. Schools are eligible for Title I assistance

if their poverty rate is at least equal to the districtwide average or is at least 35 percent. Within TAS

schools, students are identified to receive services based on individual academic need. In these schools,

supplemental services to children may be delivered in the classroom or in a pull-out setting. They may

also be offered after school, in the summer, or on weekends.

Figure 2

Percentage of Title I Schools by Poverty Level,

1998-99 and 1999-00

26% 25%

19% 19%

27% 29%

27% 27%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

1998-99 1999-00

Percent of Total

Level of School Poverty:

75% - 100%

50% - 74%

35% - 49%

0% - 34%
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 5

In 1999–00 the 24,798 TAS schools

represented 52 percent of the

schools served by Title I. As Figure

2 illustrates, however, the number of

schools using the TAS model has been

steadily declining since 1996-97,

while the number of schools

conducting schoolwide programs has

increased to 22,825. See Table 2a for

state-by-state counts of participating

targeted assistance schools in 1998–99

and 1999–00.

Under the schoolwide approach,

Title I funds may be used, in

combination with other federal, state,

and local funds, to upgrade the entire

educational program in a school. In

order to qualify to conduct a schoolwide program during this reporting period, at least 50 percent of a

school’s students must be from low-income families, unless the state or ED has approved a waiver request

to lower the required poverty threshold. While the statute provides several options for poverty data

sources, student eligibility for free or reduced-price lunches under the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s

Child Nutrition Programs is the most frequently used measure.

In 1999–00, states reported that almost 48,000 schools participated in the Title I program. Of

those, almost 23,000, or 48 percent, operated schoolwide programs. This figure represents an increase

of 18 percent more than the number of schoolwide programs reported for 1998–99. The large increase in

the number of schoolwide programs from 1994–95 to 1996–97 was due primarily to a change in the

statute. Prior to 1994–95, the poverty threshold for schoolwide programs was higher—75 percent of

students in a school had to be from low-income families. This threshold was reduced to 60 percent for

1995–96 and 50 percent for 1996–97 and subsequent years. (See Figure 3 and Tables 2a and 2b.)

As a result of these large increases, the overall number of students served by Title I has also increased

significantly in recent years because schoolwide program participant counts include all students in the

school.

School and School District Improvement

As noted earlier, the Title I statute requires districts to annually review the progress of each Title I school

to determine whether the school is making adequate yearly progress toward enabling its students to meet

state content standards. Schools that do not make adequate yearly progress for two consecutive years are

to be identified for improvement. A school that is identified for improvement must (1) develop or revise

its school plan in ways that have the greatest likelihood of improving student performance; (2) submit the

new or revised plan to the district for approval; and (3) devote, over two consecutive years, an amount

equivalent to 10 percent of its annual Title I allocation to professional development, or otherwise

demonstrate that the school is effectively carrying out professional development activities.

Districts are to provide technical and other assistance to schools identified for improvement as they develop

or implement their new or revised plans. States are to establish statewide systems of support to assist

schools, including those identified for improvement. The system is to include school support teams

consisting of persons with expertise in a variety of areas related to school improvement, distinguished

Figure 3

Number of Targeted Assistance (TAS) and Schoolwide

Program (SWP) Schools, 1991-92 through 1999-00

50,084 48,383

30,759 29,821 27,084 24,798

19,372 22,825

51,188 46,638

17,317

2,306 2,766 3,903

14,981

5,050

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

1991-92 1992-93 1993-94 1994-95 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00

Year

Number of Schools

SWP

TAS

Note: State Performance Report information was not collected for the 1995-96 school year.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 6

schools, and distinguished educators. Upon request, states are to use this statewide system of support to

provide technical assistance to schools furthest from meeting the state’s challenging student performance

standards.

Districts may take corrective actions in schools at any point after providing technical assistance and other

remedies. However, districts must take corrective actions in schools that continue to be low performing

(i.e. do not meet adequate yearly progress) for three additional years after being identified for

improvement. Corrective actions may take many forms, consistent with state and local law. For example,

an LEA could require a school to implement a new research-based curriculum, along with appropriate

professional development, that offers substantial promise of improving educational achievement for lowperforming students. Alternatively, an LEA could require a school to implement a comprehensive school

reform model. Other corrective actions available to LEAs include withholding funds or specifying their

use; otherwise decreasing school-level decision-making authority; reconstituting the school staff; making

alternative governance arrangements such as the creation of a public charter school; or authorizing

students to transfer to other public schools served by the LEA.

In the same manner that districts review the progress of schools, states are to annually review the progress of

districts in enabling students to meet state academic content standards. Districts that do not meet adequate

yearly progress targets for two consecutive years are to be identified for improvement. States may take

corrective action in districts identified for improvement at any time after providing technical assistance and

other remedies. Corrective action must be taken in districts that continue to be low performing (i.e., do not

meet adequate yearly progress targets) for four years after being identified for improvement.

Schools Identified for Improvement

States reported that, overall, 8,505

schools (or 19 percent) participating

in the Title I program in 1999–00

were identified for improvement, a

decrease from the 20 percent

reported for 1998–99. This decrease

was due primarily to decreases in the

reported number of schoolwide

schools identified for improvement.

This percentage decreased from 27 to

21 percent. When viewed separately,

21 percent of schoolwide schools and

16 percent of targeted assistance

schools were identified for

improvement. Tables 3b, 4a, and 4b

provide a state-by-state illustration of

the two years of data, as well as

footnotes to assist in the interpretation

of the data. There is wide fluctuation in these data for both years.

Due to the varying identification standards and procedures among the states, caution should be used in

drawing any national conclusions based on state totals of low-performing schools. Additionally, each

year, a small number of states are unable to report information for this item. Therefore the national totals

do not represent the same states for both years. (See Figure 4 and Tables 3b, 4a, and 4b.)

Figure 4

Number and Percentage of Schools Identified for

Improvement, 1998-99 and 1999-00

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

1998-99 1999-00 1998-99 1999-00

Percent of Total

Targeted Assistance Schoolwide Programs

3,675

15%

3,812

16%

5,080

27% 4,693

21%

School not

identified for

Improvement

School

Identified for

improvement

21,145

85%

13,887

73%

19,591

86%

17,821

79%
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 7

School Districts Identified for Improvement

In 1999–00, states reported that

12,665 school districts received

Title I grants, a decrease of 3

percent from the previous year.

Among these districts, 1,765 were

identified for improvement based on

state-level criteria. This figure

represents 14 percent of all Title I

school districts. However, the 1998–

99 and 1999–00 figures should be

interpreted with caution. The criteria

used to identify school districts for

improvement are developed within

each state; therefore, they are not

consistent from state to state. In

addition, in 1998–99 and 1999–00,

several states failed to provide this

information. (See Figure 5 and

Table 3a.)

Schools Meeting State Criteria for Adequate Yearly Progress

Overall, in 1999–00, states reported

that 76 percent of Title I schools

met state criteria for adequate

yearly progress (AYP). This figure

represented an increase over the 74

percent of schools reported by the

states for 1998–99. (See Figure 6 and

Table 5.)

When viewed separately, targeted

assistance schools (TAS) met these

criteria at a slightly higher rate than

did schoolwide programs (SWP). In

1999–00, 80 percent of TAS schools

and 68 percent of SWP schools met

their state criteria for AYP. The

targeted assistance figure represents

an increase over the figure reported

for 1998-99. The schoolwide percentage remained unchanged over the same period. (See Tables 6a

and 6b.)

Figure 5

Number and Percentage of School Districts

Identified for Improvement, 1998-99 and 1999-00

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

1998-99 1999-00

Percent of Total

2,759

21% 1,765

14%

District not

identified for

Improvement

District

Identified for

improvement

10,322

79%

10,870

86%

Figure 6

Number and Percentage of Schools Meeting State Criteria

for Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), 1998-99 and 1999-00

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

1998-99 1999-00

Percent of Total

31,817

74%

34,432

76%

School did not

meet state

AYP criteria

School met

state AYP

criteria

11,290

26%

11,719

24%
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 8

Adequate Yearly Progress by Level of School Poverty

While the overall percentage of

schools meeting state AYP criteria

was 76 percent in 1999–00, the

percentage of schools meeting the

state criteria differed by level of

school poverty. These criteria were

met at the highest rate by the lowest

poverty schools and at the lowest

rate by the highest poverty schools.

Although the overall rates increased

from 1998–99 to 1999–00, the same

pattern was in place for both years.

(See Figure 7 and Table 7.)

Title I Student Participation

Overall Participation Patterns

After earlier declines in the number of

students participating in Title I (1980–

1983), participation has steadily

increased. This increase was

particularly dramatic recently, due to

increases in the number of schoolwide

programs in which all students are

included in the counts of Title I

participants. The overall number of

Title I participants increased to

14,855,155 in 1999–00. This

represents an increase of 10 percent

over the 1998–99 participation level

of 13,446,717 students. (See Figure 8

and Tables 8 and 9.)

Figure 8

Title I Grants to LEAs Program - Total Participation,

1979-80 through 1999-00

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

79 80 85 90 95 99

Year

Number of Participants (in 000's)

Note: State Performance Report information was not collected for the 1995-96 school year.

Figure 7

Percentage of Title I Schools Meeting State Criteria for

Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), by Poverty Level,

1998-99 and 1999-00

73% 72% 71%

64%

83% 80% 79%

71%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

0-34% 35-49% 50-74% 75-100%

Level of School Poverty

Percent Meeting State AYP Criteria

1998-99 

1999-00
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 9

Grade-Level Participation

Despite the significant increase in the

number of participants in the Title I

Grants to LEAs program, the

participation rate by grade level was

virtually unchanged from past years.

Both public and nonpublic student

participation was concentrated in

the elementary grades, where

literacy and numeracy assistance in

the early grades is a common strategy.

The largest concentration of prekindergarten and kindergarten

students was in schools with

schoolwide programs.

Part A–Neglected1

 participation was

primarily in the secondary grades.

(See Figure 9 and Table 10.)

Racial and Ethnic Classification

In 1999–00, 35 percent of Title I participants were non-Hispanic whites and 27 percent were black nonHispanic. The percentage of Title I participants identified as Hispanic increased slightly from 1998–99 to

1999–00 (from 30 to 31 percent). Over the last 20 years (since 1979–80), the percentage of Hispanic Title I

participants increased from 16 to 31 percent while the percentage of non-Hispanic white participants decreased

from 53 to 35 percent and the percentage of black non-Hispanic participants decreased from 31 to 27 percent.

The percentage of participants from other racial and ethnic groups, including American Indian/Alaskan

Natives and Asian/Pacific Islanders, remained largely unchanged during this period. (See Figures 10 and 11

and Tables 11 and 12.)

 

1 The Part A–Neglected program provides funding for services for children living in local institutions for neglected children.

These services are provided by the school district and are to be comparable to the services provided to the students enrolled in

the elementary and secondary schools in the district.

Figure 9

Title I Participation, by Grade Span, 1999-00

10

12

10

41

35

45

4

27 28

30

8

15

12

33

7 7

3

51

0 1 0

3

1

16

0

10

20

30

40

50

Public T AS Public SW P Nonpublic Part A - Neglected

Percent

Pre-K and K 1-3 4-6 7-9 10-12 Ungr

Note: TAS=Targeted Assistance Schools and SWP=Schoolwide Program Schools

Figure 10

Title I Participants, by Racial and Ethnic

Classification, 1999-00

Hispanic 31%

Other 1%

Asian/Pacific 

Isl. 4%

Black, not 

Hispanic 27%

White 35%

Native 

American 2%

Percents may not add to 100 due to rounding

Figure 11

Percentage of Total Title I Participants, by Racial

and Ethnic Classification, 1979-80 through 1999-00

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

79 80 85 90 95 99

Year

Percent of Students

White

Black, not

Hispanic

Hispanic

Other Racial/Ethnic Groups:

American Indian/Alaskan Native or

Asian/Pacific Islander

Note: State Performance Report information was not collected for the 1995-96 school year.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 10

Special Populations Served by Title I

A significant proportion of Title I participants are students from special populations who are at risk of not

meeting student performance standards. These special needs children include students with disabilities who

represented 10 percent of the Title I participants, the same percentage reported for 1998–99. Seventeen percent

of Title I participants were classified as students with limited English proficiency. One percent of Title I

students in 1999–00 were identified as having been homeless at some time, and 2 percent of Title I

participants were children of migratory workers. Refer to Tables 13-16 for state-by-state participation

information for these special populations.

Caution in interpreting year-to-year changes, however, is advised. In addition to the large number of states

that failed to report information for these items for 1998–99 and/or 1999–00, some states also reported large

fluctuations from one year to the next. For example, one state reported a 1998–99 rate of 29 percent and a

1999–00 rate of 16 percent for Title I participants with disabilities.

Services Supported by Title I

Instructional Services

The two years of instructional services

data from the states indicate a slight

shift in the proportion of students

participating in three instructional

areas. While the percentage of TAS

students receiving reading/language

arts remained unchanged at

89 percent, the percentage of students

receiving mathematics assistance

increased. Instructional services are

reported only for participants in TAS

schools, because schoolwide programs

serve all students and upgrade the

entire instructional program in those

high-poverty schools. (See Figure 12

and Table 17.)

Other Support Services

As in past years, smaller percentages of TAS students received other Title I-funded support services. In

1999–00, 16 percent of students received Title I-supported guidance/counseling/social work, 11 percent

received health/dental services, and 7 percent received support services classified as “other” such as

transportation, home visits, nutrition and clothing, and speech therapy. These percentages represent an

increase over those reported for 1998–99. These increases are due primarily to fluctuations in the figures

reported by California. For example, this state reported that no students received guidance services in

1998–99 and that 170,964 received these services in 1999–00. (See Figure 12 and Table 17.)

Figure 12

Services Provided to Title I TAS Students,

1998-99 and 1999-00

7

11

16

4

5

6

54

89

3

8

4

5

5

7

43

89

0 20 40 60 80 100

Percent

Reading/

Language Arts

Mathematics

Science

Social Studies

Other Instructional

Services

Guidance/ Counseling/

Social Work

Health/Dental

Other Supporting

Services

Supporting Services

Instructional Services

1998-99

1999-00
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 11

Family Literacy Services

The Title I legislation provides

authority for school districts to

conduct literacy programs for

parents of Title I students in a

collaborative attempt with adult

education program providers to

reach more adults with low literacy

rates.

Overall, in 1999–00, data from 44

states and the District of Columbia

show that 22 percent of school

districts provided Title Isupported family literacy services.

(See Figure 13 and Table 18.)

Extended-Time Instructional Programs

In 1999–00, 47 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico reported that there were 15,865

Title I extended-time instructional programs in operation—an increase of 59 percent over the

number of programs reported in operation during the 1998–99 school year. These figures should,

however be viewed with caution, because several states did not report counts for one or both of the two

years and the information that was reported shifts considerably from one year to the next in some states.

Refer to Table 19 for by-state figures.

Title I Staffing Patterns

As part of the revised data collection

instrument (starting in 1996-97), states

were asked to provide full-time

equivalent (FTE) staffing information

for targeted assistance schools only.

The reason for this change was that, in

schoolwide schools, the LEAs are not

required to track Title I dollars to

particular activities or staff.

Almost one-half (44 percent) of the

staff funded by Title I in 1999–00

were teachers, a decrease from the

49 percent reported in 1998–99.

The percentage of staff described as

teacher aides increased from 37 to

40 percent over the same period.

Figure 13

Number and Percentage of School Districts Providing

Family Literacy Services, 1998-99 and 1999-00

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

1998-99 1999-00

Percent of Total

1,360

15%

2,628

22%

No Family

Literacy

Services

Family

Literacy

Services

7,917

85%

9,408

78%

Figure 14

Title I FTE Staff in TAS Schools, by Classification,

1999-00

Teacher Aides 

40%

Other Staff 

6%

Teachers 44%

Administrator 

3%

Support Staff 

7%

Total FTE Staff = 97,883

Percents may not add to 100 due to rounding
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 12

Teachers and teacher aides account

for 85 percent of the total staff

funded by Title I dollars. While this

proportion has remained virtually

unchanged since 1981–82, there have

been fluctuations over the past 4 years

between teachers and aides. The FTE

number of local administrators

comprised a small proportion of staff (3

percent). (See Figures 14 and 15 and

Tables 20 and 21.)

Information on the Title I State Agency Program for Neglected or

Delinquent Children and Youth

Participation by Type of Institution

States were asked to report the number of

State Agency Neglected (N) or

Delinquent (D) participants receiving

Title I services through each of three

types of institutions: Neglected,

Delinquent, and Adult Correctional. In

1999–00, 10 percent of State Agency N

or D participants were classified as

neglected, 66 percent were classified as

delinquent, and 24 percent were

classified as adult correctional.

The figures reported for the State Agency

Neglected or Delinquent program should

be viewed with caution. The

participation figures reported by

California represent one-fifth of all

program participants, and the figures reported by this state significantly vary from one year to the next.

(See Figure 16 and Tables 22 and 23.)

Figure 15

Title I FTE Teachers and Teacher Aides in TAS

Schools, 1979-80 through 1999-00

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

79 80 85 90 95 99 Year

Percentage of Reported FTE Staff

Teachers

Teacher Aides

Note: State Performance Report information was not collected for the 1995-96 school year.

Figure 16

State N or D Participants and Institutions,

1999-00

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Participants Institutions

Percent

Percents may not add to 100 due to rounding

85,611

66%

31,336

24%

13,510 10%

417

47%

158

18%

303

35%

Adult

--Correctional--

--Delinquent--

--Neglected--
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 13

Table 1

Percentage of Title I Schools by Poverty Level, 1998-99 and 1999-00

1998-99 1999-00

Percentage of Title I Schools Percentage of Title I Schools

by School Poverty Level by School Poverty Level

State

Total

Schools

(TAS +

SWP) 0-34% 35-49% 50-74% 75-100%

Total

Schools

(TAS +

SWP) 0-34% 35-49% 50-74% 75-100%

Alabama 812 3% 22% 41% 33% 815 4% 22% 40% 35%

Alaska 361 12% 8% 11% 37% 281 14% 15% 26% 45%

Arizona 841 6% 12% 37% 35% 1,104 16% 11% 29% 46%

Arkansas 783 10% 27% 43% 20% 783 9% 23% 16% 1%

California 4,543 14% 15% 31% 40% 4,888 15% 15% 31% 39%

Colorado 597 32% 24% 31% 14% 540 29% 22% 34% 15%

Connecticut 422 53% 14% 16% 17% 473 28% 1% 2% 1%

Delaware 101 31% 46% 22% 2% 97 30% 43% 25% 2%

District of Columbia 125 1% 10% 27% 62% 156 1% 8% 22% 50%

Florida 977 1% 11% 45% 44% 1,135 1% 11% 46% 42%

Georgia 1,020 6% 20% 47% 27% 1,032 6% 19% 47% 28%

Hawaii 138 0% 30% 47% 23% 147 0% 31% 50% 20%

Idaho 397 16% 39% 38% 7% 397 12% 34% 42% 12%

Illinois 2,259 43% 16% 14% 25% 2,164 41% 16% 15% 28%

Indiana 826 55% 19% 16% 10% 822 54% 19% 16% 10%

Iowa 878 62% 22% 14% 3% 804 60% 25% 13% 2%

Kansas 687 32% 33% 25% 9% 677 32% 34% 23% 11%

Kentucky 872 6% 24% 44% 27% 872 7% 24% 41% 28%

Louisiana 873 0% 7% 36% 57% 881 0% 8% 36% 56%

Maine 462 33% 29% 24% 3% 405 35% 31% 29% 4%

Maryland 300 9% 13% 40% 38% 311 10% 17% 48% 30%

Massachusetts 933 46% 13% 21% 20% 1,047 51% 12% 19% 18%

Michigan 2,011 40% 19% 22% 17% 2,229 41% 21% 23% 15%

Minnesota 922 46% 25% 16% 13% 961 47% 22% 18% 12%

Mississippi 680 1% 10% 37% 53% 681 1% 10% 38% 51%

Missouri -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Montana 619 47% 23% 21% 9% 633 48% 25% 17% 10%

Nebraska 496 44% 30% 20% 6% 422 43% 29% 21% 7%

Nevada 98 7% 21% 45% 27% 100 9% 15% 53% 23%

New Hampshire 185 73% 23% 11% 3% 244 70% 17% 8% 1%

New Jersey 1,285 60% 9% 14% 16% 1,195 56% 11% 13% 20%

New Mexico 450 0% 10% 44% 46% 464 3% 11% 33% 53%

New York 2,512 43% 25% 18% 33% 2,586 38% 15% 16% 31%

North Carolina 1,030 9% 29% 43% 19% 1,030 7% 28% 42% 22%

North Dakota 285 51% 26% 18% 5% 274 44% 34% 17% 5%

Ohio 2,020 64% 14% 13% 9% 2,027 50% 16% 18% 16%

Oklahoma 1,146 7% 15% 38% 24% 938 11% 22% 54% 35%

Oregon 584 10% 33% 47% 10% 518 55% 32% 28% 10%

Pennsylvania 1,731 46% 23% 15% 17% 1,798 42% 23% 18% 18%

Rhode Island 136 46% 10% 9% 35% 136 38% 22% 26% 15%

South Carolina 499 2% 15% 38% 45% 513 4% 13% 38% 45%

South Dakota 396 24% 27% 26% 23% 406 23% 26% 28% 23%

Tennessee 770 5% 24% 43% 28% 806 4% 25% 43% 28%

Texas 4,141 9% 17% 36% 38% 4,367 9% 16% 36% 38%

Utah 232 20% 34% 34% 16% 228 11% 30% 40% 19%

Vermont -- -- -- -- -- 212 36% 36% 25% 3%

Virginia 741 21% 32% 35% 12% 732 23% 31% 33% 13%

Washington 853 27% 28% 33% 13% 948 24% 28% 33% 14%

West Virginia 456 0% 10% 63% 27% 456 0% 11% 67% 22%

Wisconsin 1,036 61% 15% 13% 10% 1,056 57% 20% 12% 11%

Wyoming 144 25% 36% 26% 10% 140 17% 41% 34% 9%

Bureau of Indian Affairs 173 0% 0% 0% 100% 173 0% 0% 0% 100%

Puerto Rico 1,406 0% 0% 9% 90% 1,519 0% 1% 11% 88%

Total 46,244 26% 19% 27% 27% 47,623 25% 19% 29% 27%

Notes: For 1998-99, two states (Missouri and Vermont) were unable to provide information for this item. This figure was reduced

to one state (Missouri) for 1999-00. The calculations shown in this table do not include those states.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 14

Table 2a

Number of Targeted Assistance (TAS) Schools, by State, 1998-99 and 1999-00

1998-99 1999-00

State

Number of

Title I

Schools

Number TAS

Schools

Percent TAS

Schools

Number of

Title I

Schools

Number TAS

Schools

Percent TAS

Schools

Alabama 812 282 35 815 244 30

Alaska 361 281 78 281 201 72

Arizona 841 419 50 1,104 394 36

Arkansas 783 402 51 783 389 50

California 4,543 3,555 78 4,888 2,564 52

Colorado 597 451 76 540 343 64

Connecticut 422 332 79 473 373 79

Delaware 101 89 88 97 74 76

District of Columbia 125 25 20 156 3 2

Florida 977 122 12 1,135 107 9

Georgia 1,020 456 45 1,032 363 35

Hawaii 138 20 14 147 20 14

Idaho 397 321 81 397 315 79

Illinois 2,259 1,517 67 2,164 1,308 60

Indiana 826 689 83 822 668 81

Iowa 878 772 88 804 687 85

Kansas 687 497 72 677 489 72

Kentucky 872 213 24 872 193 22

Louisiana 873 152 17 881 147 17

Maine 462 411 89 405 352 87

Maryland 300 74 25 311 70 23

Massachusetts 933 542 58 1,047 623 60

Michigan 2,011 1,417 70 2,229 1,548 69

Minnesota 922 736 80 961 768 80

Mississippi 680 108 16 681 104 15

Missouri -- -- -- -- -- --

Montana 619 526 85 633 519 82

Nebraska 496 413 83 422 321 76

Nevada 98 29 30 100 29 29

New Hampshire 185 172 93 244 229 94

New Jersey 1,285 1,117 87 1,195 984 82

New Mexico 450 258 57 464 240 52

New York 2,512 1,847 74 2,586 1,885 73

North Carolina 1,030 407 40 1,030 370 36

North Dakota 285 259 91 274 246 90

Ohio 2,020 1,256 62 2,027 1,119 55

Oklahoma 1,146 526 46 938 466 50

Oregon 584 408 70 518 360 69

Pennsylvania 1,731 1,340 77 1,798 1,352 75

Rhode Island 136 82 60 136 81 60

South Carolina 499 80 16 513 74 14

South Dakota 396 314 79 406 313 77

Tennessee 770 296 38 806 293 36

Texas 4,141 663 16 4,367 693 16

Utah 232 142 61 228 118 52

Vermont 212 154 73 212 144 68

Virginia 741 549 74 732 518 71

Washington 853 556 65 948 574 61

West Virginia 456 133 29 456 115 25

Wisconsin 1,036 849 82 1,056 855 81

Wyoming 144 104 72 140 98 70

Bureau of Indian Affairs 173 0 0 173 0 0

Puerto Rico 1,406 721 51 1,519 455 30

Total 46,456 27,084 58 47,623 24,798 52

Notes: For both 1998-99 and 1999-00, Missouri was unable to provide information on the number of schools broken out by

TAS and SWP. This table, therefore, does not show data for this state. The Bureau of Indian Affairs does not

have any TAS schools.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 15

Table 2b

Number of Schoolwide Program (SWP) Schools, by State, 1998-99 and 1999-00

1998-99 1999-00

State

Number of

Title I

Schools

Number SWP

Schools

Percent SWP

Schools

Number of

Title I

Schools

Number SWP

Schools

Percent SWP

Schools

Alabama 812 530 65 815 571 70

Alaska 361 80 22 281 80 28

Arizona 841 422 50 1,104 710 64

Arkansas 783 381 49 783 394 50

California 4,543 988 22 4,888 2,324 48

Colorado 597 146 24 540 197 36

Connecticut 422 90 21 473 100 21

Delaware 101 12 12 97 23 24

District of Columbia 125 100 80 156 153 98

Florida 977 855 88 1,135 1,028 91

Georgia 1,020 564 55 1,032 669 65

Hawaii 138 118 86 147 127 86

Idaho 397 76 19 397 82 21

Illinois 2,259 742 33 2,164 856 40

Indiana 826 137 17 822 154 19

Iowa 878 106 12 804 117 15

Kansas 687 190 28 677 188 28

Kentucky 872 659 76 872 679 78

Louisiana 873 721 83 881 734 83

Maine 462 51 11 405 53 13

Maryland 300 226 75 311 241 77

Massachusetts 933 391 42 1,047 424 40

Michigan 2,011 594 30 2,229 681 31

Minnesota 922 186 20 961 193 20

Mississippi 680 572 84 681 577 85

Missouri -- -- -- -- -- --

Montana 619 93 15 633 114 18

Nebraska 496 83 17 422 101 24

Nevada 98 69 70 100 71 71

New Hampshire 185 13 7 244 15 6

New Jersey 1,285 168 13 1,195 211 18

New Mexico 450 192 43 464 224 48

New York 2,512 665 26 2,586 701 27

North Carolina 1,030 623 60 1,030 660 64

North Dakota 285 26 9 274 28 10

Ohio 2,020 764 38 2,027 908 45

Oklahoma 1,146 620 54 938 472 50

Oregon 584 176 30 518 158 31

Pennsylvania 1,731 391 23 1,798 446 25

Rhode Island 136 54 40 136 55 40

South Carolina 499 419 84 513 439 86

South Dakota 396 82 21 406 93 23

Tennessee 770 474 62 806 513 64

Texas 4,141 3,478 84 4,367 3,674 84

Utah 232 90 39 228 110 48

Vermont 212 58 27 212 68 32

Virginia 741 192 26 732 214 29

Washington 853 297 35 948 374 39

West Virginia 456 323 71 456 341 75

Wisconsin 1,036 187 18 1,056 201 19

Wyoming 144 40 28 140 42 30

Bureau of Indian Affairs 173 173 100 173 173 100

Puerto Rico 1,406 685 49 1,519 1,064 70

Total 46,456 19,372 42 47,623 22,825 48

Notes: For both 1998-99 and 1999-00, Missouri was unable to provide information on the number of schools broken out by

TAS and SWP. This table, therefore, does not show data for this state.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 16

Table 3a

Participating Title I Local Education Agencies (LEAs) Identified for Improvement,

by State, 1998-99 and 1999-00

1998-99 1999-00

State

Total

Number

Number in

Improvement

% in

ImprovementTotal

Number

Number in

Improvement

% in

Improvement

Alabama 128 128 100 128 29 23

Alaska 51 2 4 51 8 16

Arizona 294 34 12 359 34 9

Arkansas 304 239 79 304 239 79

California 744 154 21 -- -- --

Colorado 166 17 10 167 82 49

Connecticut 123 7 6 149 -- --

Delaware 22 0 * 23 0 0

District of Columbia 1 -- -- 1 0 0

Florida 67 0 * 67 0 0

Georgia 180 103 57 180 121 67

Hawaii 1 -- -- 1 -- --

Idaho 110 8 7 110 27 25

Illinois 752 125 17 764 45 6

Indiana 285 21 7 287 51 18

Iowa 375 0 * 375 -- --

Kansas 302 81 27 303 57 19

Kentucky 174 140 80 174 -- --

Louisiana 66 0 * 66 0 0

Maine 189 -- -- 180 12 7

Maryland 24 0 * 24 15 0

Massachusetts 267 100 37 337 70 21

Michigan 566 430 76 616 90 15

Minnesota 336 36 11 383 -- --

Mississippi 152 33 22 152 58 38

Missouri 504 366 73 517 151 29

Montana 307 14 5 315 14 4

Nebraska 304 73 24 291 75 26

Nevada 19 7 37 17 0 *

New Hampshire 145 4 3 130 3 2

New Jersey 477 -- -- 479 -- --

New Mexico 88 53 60 88 0 *

New York 684 13 2 644 14 2

North Carolina 117 0 * 117 0 0

North Dakota 202 0 * 201 13 0

Ohio 607 200 33 640 316 49

Oklahoma 542 31 6 540 16 3

Oregon 169 9 5 197 9 5

Pennsylvania 492 30 6 452 46 10

Rhode Island 36 2 6 38 2 5

South Carolina 86 11 13 86 19 22

South Dakota 176 0 * 168 11 0

Tennessee 138 3 2 138 6 4

Texas 1,031 13 1 1,130 5 *

Utah 40 0 * 40 0 *

Vermont 59 0 * 60 0 0

Virginia 132 19 14 132 25 19

Washington 286 71 25 276 33 12

West Virginia 55 4 7 55 4 7

Wisconsin 388 -- -- 399 0 *

Wyoming 144 31 22 140 17 12

Bureau of Indian Affairs 173 147 85 173 48 0

Puerto Rico 1 -- -- 1 0 *

Total 13,081 2,759 21 12,665 1,765 14

* Less than 0.5 percent.

Notes: The totals shown here do not reflect data from all states. In 1998-99, three states (Maine, New Jersey, and

Wisconsin) did not submit information regarding the number of LEAs identified for improvement. This figure

increased to 6 states (California, Connecticut, Iowa, Kentucky, Minnesota, and New Jersey) in 1999-00. The

District of Columbia, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico are single district SEAs and are not required to submit data for this

item.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 17

Table 3b

Participating Title I Schools Identified for School Improvement,

by State, 1998-99 and 1999-00

1998-99 1999-00

State

Total

Number

Number in

Improvement

% in

ImprovementTotal

Number

Number in

Improvement

% in

Improvement

Alabama 812 60 7 815 60 7

Alaska 361 8 2 281 14 5

Arizona 841 181 22 1,104 169 15

Arkansas 783 499 64 783 505 64

California 4,543 210 5 4,888 765 16

Colorado 597 91 15 540 273 51

Connecticut 422 26 6 -- -- --

Delaware 101 32 32 97 32 33

District of Columbia 125 100 80 156 28 18

Florida 977 73 7 1,135 4 *

Georgia 1,020 603 59 1,032 658 64

Hawaii 138 91 66 147 97 66

Idaho 397 14 4 397 61 15

Illinois 2,259 727 32 2,164 378 17

Indiana 826 98 12 822 173 21

Iowa 878 148 17 804 33 4

Kansas 687 154 22 677 143 21

Kentucky 872 615 71 872 114 13

Louisiana 873 162 19 881 61 7

Maine -- -- -- 405 12 3

Maryland 300 18 6 311 113 36

Massachusetts 933 399 43 1,047 276 26

Michigan 2,011 1,523 76 2,229 1,712 77

Minnesota -- -- -- 961 56 6

Mississippi 680 100 15 681 125 18

Missouri -- -- -- -- -- --

Montana 619 62 10 633 60 9

Nebraska 496 204 41 422 126 30

Nevada 98 35 36 100 8 8

New Hampshire 185 4 2 244 4 2

New Jersey -- -- -- -- -- -- New Mexico 450 149 33 464 62 13

New York 2,512 492 20 2,586 369 14

North Carolina 1,030 46 4 1,030 12 1

North Dakota 285 20 7 274 19 7

Ohio 2,020 508 25 2,027 673 33

Oklahoma 1,146 31 3 938 19 2

Oregon 584 28 5 518 9 2

Pennsylvania 1,731 215 12 1,798 301 17

Rhode Island 136 34 25 136 32 24

South Carolina 499 75 15 513 35 7

South Dakota 396 0 * 406 15 4

Tennessee 770 17 2 806 77 10

Texas 4,141 61 1 4,367 127 3

Utah 232 20 9 228 25 11

Vermont 212 27 13 212 30 14

Virginia 741 150 20 732 149 20

Washington 853 71 8 948 33 3

West Virginia 456 130 29 456 118 26

Wisconsin 1,036 66 6 1,056 166 16

Wyoming 144 31 22 140 17 12

Bureau of Indian Affairs 173 147 85 173 48 28

Puerto Rico 1,406 200 14 1,519 109 7

Total 43,787 8,755 20 45,955 8,505 19

* Less than 0.5 percent.

Notes: Georgia had a new assessment in place for 1999-00, Hawaii used a new version of the Stanford assessment for this

year and Alabama, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma made changes to the assessment levels reported. This

information was not available for five states (Connecticut, Delaware, Montana, New York, and Ohio).

For both 1998-99 and 1999-00, Missouri was unable to provide information on the number of schools broken out by

TAS and SWP. Additionally, this state was unable to provide counts of the number of schools identified for

improvement. For 1998-99 and 1999-00, New Jersey was unable to provide information on the number of schools

identified for improvement. Maine and Minnesota were unable to provide this information for 1998-99 and

Connecticut failed to provide this information in 1999-00.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 18

Table 4a

Targeted Assistance Schools (TAS) in School Improvement, by State, 1998-99 and 1999-00

1998-99 1999-00

State

Number of

Schools

Number in

Improvement

% in

ImprovementNumber of

Schools

Number in

Improvement

% in

Improvement

Alabama 282 5 2 244 5 2

Alaska 281 4 1 201 8 4

Arizona 419 66 16 394 61 15

Arkansas 402 245 61 389 238 61

California 3,555 65 2 2,564 451 18

Colorado 451 58 13 343 174 51

Connecticut 332 3 1 -- -- --

Delaware 89 30 34 74 29 39

District of Columbia 25 21 84 3 0 0

Florida 122 0 0 107 0 *

Georgia 456 208 46 363 186 51

Hawaii 20 4 20 20 1 5

Idaho 321 12 4 315 42 13

Illinois 1,517 217 14 1,308 38 3

Indiana 689 61 9 668 111 17

Iowa 772 115 15 687 23 3

Kansas 497 94 19 489 68 14

Kentucky 213 119 56 193 10 5

Louisiana 152 6 4 147 0 *

Maine -- -- -- 352 11 3

Maryland 74 3 4 70 14 20

Massachusetts 542 121 22 623 50 8

Michigan 1,417 1026 72 1,548 1158 75

Minnesota -- -- -- 768 19 2

Mississippi 108 3 3 104 1 1

Missouri -- -- -- -- -- --

Montana 526 22 4 519 23 4

Nebraska 413 161 39 321 79 25

Nevada 29 5 17 29 2 7

New Hampshire 172 4 2 229 3 1

New Jersey -- -- -- -- -- -- New Mexico 258 74 29 240 17 7

New York 1,847 242 13 1,885 164 9

North Carolina 407 1 * 370 2 1

North Dakota 259 5 2 246 3 1

Ohio 1,256 292 23 1,119 473 42

Oklahoma 526 6 1 466 6 1

Oregon 408 14 3 360 4 1

Pennsylvania 1,340 32 2 1,352 53 4

Rhode Island 82 2 2 81 0 *

South Carolina 80 1 1 74 0 *

South Dakota 314 0 * 313 7 2

Tennessee 296 4 1 293 7 2

Texas 663 5 1 693 36 5

Utah 142 5 4 118 5 4

Vermont 154 20 13 144 22 15

Virginia 549 92 17 518 92 18

Washington 556 40 7 574 20 3

West Virginia 133 17 13 115 7 6

Wisconsin 849 17 2 855 41 5

Wyoming 104 21 20 98 14 14

Bureau of Indian Affairs 0 0 0 0 0 0

Puerto Rico 721 107 15 455 34 7

Total 24,820 3,675 15 23,441 3,812 16

* Less than 0.5 percent

Notes: Georgia had a new assessment in place for 1999-00, Hawaii used a new version of the Stanford assessment for this

year and Alabama, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma made changes to the assessment levels reported. This

information was not available for five states (Connecticut, Delaware, Montana, New York, and Ohio).

For both 1998-99 and 1999-00, Missouri was unable to provide information on the number of schools broken out by

TAS and SWP. Additionally, this state was unable to provide counts of the number of schools identified for

improvement. For 1998-99 and 1999-00, New Jersey was unable to provide information on the number of schools

identified for improvement. Maine and Minnesota were unable to provide this information for 1998-99 and

Connecticut failed to provide this information in 1999-00.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 19

Table 4b

Schoolwide (SWP) Schools in School Improvement, by State, 1998-99 and 1999-00

1998-99 1999-00

State

Number of

Schools

Number in

Improvement

% in

ImprovementNumber of

Schools

Number in

Improvement

% in

Improvement

Alabama 530 55 10 571 55 10

Alaska 80 4 5 80 6 8

Arizona 422 115 27 710 108 15

Arkansas 381 254 67 394 267 68

California 988 145 15 2,324 314 14

Colorado 146 33 23 197 99 50

Connecticut 90 23 26 -- -- --

Delaware 12 2 17 23 3 13

District of Columbia 100 79 79 153 28 18

Florida 855 73 9 1,028 4 *

Georgia 564 395 70 669 472 71

Hawaii 118 87 74 127 96 76

Idaho 76 2 3 82 19 23

Illinois 742 510 69 856 340 40

Indiana 137 37 27 154 62 40

Iowa 106 33 31 117 10 9

Kansas 190 60 32 188 75 40

Kentucky 659 496 75 679 104 15

Louisiana 721 156 22 734 61 8

Maine -- -- -- 53 1 2

Maryland 226 15 7 241 99 41

Massachusetts 391 278 71 424 226 53

Michigan 594 497 84 681 554 81

Minnesota -- -- -- 193 37 19

Mississippi 572 97 17 577 124 21

Missouri -- -- -- -- -- --

Montana 93 40 43 114 37 32

Nebraska 83 43 52 101 47 47

Nevada 69 30 43 71 6 8

New Hampshire 13 0 0 15 1 7

New Jersey -- -- -- -- -- -- New Mexico 192 75 39 224 45 20

New York 665 250 38 701 205 29

North Carolina 623 45 7 660 10 2

North Dakota 26 15 58 28 16 57

Ohio 764 216 28 908 200 22

Oklahoma 620 25 4 472 13 3

Oregon 176 14 8 158 5 3

Pennsylvania 391 183 47 446 248 56

Rhode Island 54 32 0 55 32 58

South Carolina 419 74 18 439 35 8

South Dakota 82 0 * 93 8 9

Tennessee 474 13 3 513 70 14

Texas 3,478 56 2 3,674 91 2

Utah 90 15 17 110 20 18

Vermont 58 7 12 68 8 12

Virginia 192 58 30 214 57 27

Washington 297 31 10 374 13 3

West Virginia 323 113 35 341 111 33

Wisconsin 187 49 26 201 125 62

Wyoming 40 10 25 42 3 7

Bureau of Indian Affairs 173 147 85 173 48 28

Puerto Rico 685 93 14 1,064 75 7

Total 18,967 5,080 27 22,514 4,693 21

* Less than 0.5 percent

Notes: Georgia had a new assessment in place for 1999-00, Hawaii used a new version of the Stanford assessment for this

year and Alabama, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma made changes to the assessment levels reported. This

information was not available for five states (Connecticut, Delaware, Montana, New York, and Ohio).

For both 1998-99 and 1999-00, Missouri was unable to provide information on the number of schools broken out by

TAS and SWP. Additionally, this state was unable to provide counts of the number of schools identified for

improvement. For 1998-99 and 1999-00, New Jersey was unable to provide information on the number of schools

identified for improvement. Maine and Minnesota were unable to provide this information for 1998-99 and

Connecticut failed to provide this information in 1999-00.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 20

Table 5

Number and Percentage of Schools (TAS and SWP Combined) Meeting State Criteria for

Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), 1998-99 and 1999-00

Number of

Percentage Meeting

State

Number of Schools Meeting Criteria for Adequate

Schools State Criteria for AYP Yearly Progress (AYP)

State 1998-99 1999-00 1998-99 1999-00 1998-99 1999-00

Alabama 812 815 786 755 97% 93%

Alaska 361 281 353 267 98% 95%

Arizona 841 1,104 254 636 30% 58%

Arkansas 783 783 284 278 36% 36%

California 4,543 4,888 3,577 2,935 79% 60%

Colorado 597 540 280 267 47% 49%

Connecticut 422 -- 396 -- 94% --

Delaware 101 97 13 41 13% 42%

District of Columbia 125 156 25 98 20% 63%

Florida 977 1,135 904 1,131 93% 100%

Georgia 1,020 1,032 307 580 30% 56%

Hawaii 138 147 35 47 25% 32%

Idaho 397 397 383 336 96% 85%

Illinois 2,259 2,164 1,532 1,786 68% 83%

Indiana 826 822 682 628 83% 76%

Iowa 878 -- 730 -- 83% --

Kansas 687 677 533 534 78% 79%

Kentucky 872 872 257 758 29% 87%

Louisiana 873 881 711 820 81% 93%

Maine -- 405 -- 393 -- 97%

Maryland 300 311 282 181 94% 58%

Massachusetts 933 1,047 530 767 57% 73%

Michigan 2,011 2,229 1,290 1,760 64% 79%

Minnesota -- 961 -- 900 -- 94%

Mississippi -- 681 -- 556 -- 82%

Missouri -- -- -- -- -- --

Montana 619 633 557 571 90% 90%

Nebraska 496 422 292 396 59% 94%

Nevada 98 100 56 77 57% 77%

New Hampshire 185 244 176 203 95% 83%

New Jersey -- -- -- -- -- --

New Mexico 450 464 301 403 67% 87%

New York 2,512 2,586 1,228 1,640 49% 63%

North Carolina 1,030 1,030 1,013 1,007 98% 98%

North Dakota 285 274 265 255 93% 93%

Ohio 2,020 2,027 1,512 1,354 75% 67%

Oklahoma 1,146 938 1,012 925 88% 99%

Oregon 584 518 523 509 90% 98%

Pennsylvania 1,731 1,798 1,516 1,497 88% 83%

Rhode Island 136 136 102 104 75% 76%

South Carolina 499 513 424 478 85% 93%

South Dakota 396 406 396 391 100% 96%

Tennessee 770 806 131 312 17% 39%

Texas 4,141 4,367 3,929 4,240 95% 97%

Utah 232 228 183 203 79% 89%

Vermont 212 212 185 182 87% 86%

Virginia 741 732 631 582 85% 80%

Washington 853 948 801 917 94% 97%

West Virginia 456 456 326 338 71% 74%

Wisconsin 1,036 1,056 870 890 84% 84%

Wyoming 144 140 113 97 78% 69%

Bureau of Indian Affairs 173 173 25 125 14% 72%

Puerto Rico 1,406 1,519 1,106 282 79% 19%

Total 43,107 45,151 31,817 34,432 74% 76%

Note: Five states (Maine, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, and New Jersey) were unable to provide 1998-99

information for this item. This figure decreased to four states (Connecticut, Iowa, Missouri, and New Jersey) for

1999-00. The calculations shown in this table do not include those states.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 21

Table 6a

Number and Percentage of Targeted Assistance Schools (TAS) Meeting State

Criteria for Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), 1998-99 and 1999-00

Number of TAS Percentage Meeting

State

Number of Schools Meeting Criteria for Adequate

TAS Schools State Criteria for AYP Yearly Progress (AYP)

State 1998-99 1999-00 1998-99 1999-00 1998-99 1999-00

Alabama 282 244 280 239 99% 98%

Alaska 281 201 277 193 99% 96%

Arizona 419 394 100 252 24% 64%

Arkansas 402 389 157 151 39% 39%

California 3,555 2,564 2,724 1,464 77% 57%

Colorado 451 343 232 169 51% 49%

Connecticut 332 -- 329 -- 99% --

Delaware 89 74 12 33 13% 45%

District of Columbia 25 3 4 0 16% 0%

Florida 122 107 122 107 100% 100%

Georgia 456 363 196 201 43% 55%

Hawaii 20 20 6 7 30% 35%

Idaho 321 315 309 273 96% 87%

Illinois 1,517 1,308 1,300 1,270 86% 97%

Indiana 689 668 582 537 84% 80%

Iowa 772 -- 657 -- 85% --

Kansas 497 489 403 421 81% 86%

Kentucky 213 193 94 183 44% 95%

Louisiana 152 147 146 147 96% 100%

Maine -- 352 -- 341 -- 97%

Maryland 74 70 71 52 96% 74%

Massachusetts 542 623 421 573 78% 92%

Michigan 1,417 1,548 928 1,249 65% 81%

Minnesota -- 768 -- 744 -- 97%

Mississippi -- 104 -- 103 -- 99%

Missouri -- -- -- -- -- --

Montana 526 519 504 495 96% 95%

Nebraska 413 321 252 342 61% 107%

Nevada 29 29 19 22 66% 76%

New Hampshire 172 229 165 191 96% 83%

New Jersey -- -- -- -- -- -- New Mexico 258 240 184 223 71% 93%

New York 1,847 1,885 1,038 1,412 56% 75%

North Carolina 407 370 400 361 98% 98%

North Dakota 259 246 254 243 98% 99%

Ohio 1,256 1,119 964 646 77% 58%

Oklahoma 526 466 520 466 99% 100%

Oregon 408 360 354 359 87% 100%

Pennsylvania 1,340 1,352 1,308 1,299 98% 96%

Rhode Island 82 81 80 81 98% 100%

South Carolina 80 74 79 74 99% 100%

South Dakota 314 313 314 306 100% 98%

Tennessee 296 293 49 137 17% 47%

Texas 663 693 631 657 95% 95%

Utah 142 118 118 113 83% 96%

Vermont 154 144 134 122 87% 85%

Virginia 549 518 497 426 91% 82%

Washington 556 574 523 554 94% 97%

West Virginia 133 115 116 108 87% 94%

Wisconsin 849 855 832 814 98% 95%

Wyoming 104 98 83 61 80% 62%

Bureau of Indian Affairs 0 0 0 0 0 0

Puerto Rico 721 455 514 84 71% 18%

Total 24,712 22,754 19,282 18,305 78% 80%

* Less than 0.5 percent.

Notes: Five states (Maine, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, and New Jersey) were unable to provide 1998-99

information for this item. This figure decreased to four states (Connecticut, Iowa, Missouri, and New Jersey) for

1999-00. Bureau of Indian Affairs does not have any TAS students. The calculations shown in this table do not

include those states.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 22

Table 6b

Number and Percentage of Schoolwide (SWP) Schools Meeting State

Criteria for Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), 1998-99 and 1999-00

Number of SWP

Percentage Meeting

State

Number of Schools Meeting Criteria for Adequate

SWP Schools State Criteria for AYP Yearly Progress (AYP)

State 1998-99 1999-00 1998-99 1999-00 1998-99 1999-00

Alabama 530 571 506 516 95% 90%

Alaska 80 80 76 74 95% 93%

Arizona 422 710 154 384 36% 54%

Arkansas 381 394 127 127 33% 32%

California 988 2,324 853 1,471 86% 63%

Colorado 146 197 48 98 33% 50%

Connecticut 90 -- 67 -- 74% --

Delaware 12 23 1 8 8% 35%

District of Columbia 100 153 21 98 21% 64%

Florida 855 1,028 782 1,024 91% 100%

Georgia 564 669 111 379 20% 57%

Hawaii 118 127 29 40 25% 31%

Idaho 76 82 74 63 97% 77%

Illinois 742 856 232 516 31% 60%

Indiana 137 154 100 91 73% 59%

Iowa 106 -- 73 -- 69% --

Kansas 190 188 130 113 68% 60%

Kentucky 659 679 163 575 25% 85%

Louisiana 721 734 565 673 78% 92%

Maine -- 53 -- 52 -- 98%

Maryland 226 241 211 129 93% 54%

Massachusetts 391 424 109 194 28% 46%

Michigan 594 681 362 511 61% 75%

Minnesota -- 193 -- 156 -- 81%

Mississippi -- 577 -- 453 -- 79%

Missouri -- -- -- -- -- --

Montana 93 114 53 76 57% 67%

Nebraska 83 101 40 54 48% 53%

Nevada 69 71 37 55 54% 77%

New Hampshire 13 15 11 12 85% 80%

New Jersey -- -- -- -- -- --

New Mexico 192 224 117 180 61% 80%

New York 665 701 190 228 29% 33%

North Carolina 623 660 613 646 98% 98%

North Dakota 26 28 11 12 42% 43%

Ohio 764 908 548 708 72% 78%

Oklahoma 620 472 492 459 79% 97%

Oregon 176 158 169 150 96% 95%

Pennsylvania 391 446 208 198 53% 44%

Rhode Island 54 55 22 23 41% 42%

South Carolina 419 439 345 404 82% 92%

South Dakota 82 93 82 85 100% 91%

Tennessee 474 513 82 175 17% 34%

Texas 3,478 3,674 3,298 3,583 95% 98%

Utah 90 110 65 90 72% 82%

Vermont 58 68 51 60 88% 88%

Virginia 192 214 134 156 70% 73%

Washington 297 374 278 363 94% 97%

West Virginia 323 341 210 230 65% 67%

Wisconsin 187 201 38 76 20% 38%

Wyoming 40 42 30 36 75% 86%

Bureau of Indian Affairs 173 173 25 125 14% 72%

Puerto Rico 685 1,064 592 198 86% 19%

Total 18,395 22,397 12,535 15,127 68% 68%

* Less than 0.5 percent.

Notes: Five states (Maine, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, and New Jersey) were unable to provide 1998-99

information for this item. This figure decreased to four states (Connecticut, Iowa, Missouri, and New Jersey) for

1999-00. The calculations shown in this table do not include those states.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 23

Table 7

Title I Schools Meeting State Criteria for Adequate Yearly

Progress (AYP), by Poverty Level, 1998-99 and 1999-00

1998-99 1999-00

Total Schools (TAS + SWP) 40,287 41,853

Total Schools Meeting State AYP Criteria 29,102 32,642

Percentage Meeting State Criteria 72% 78%

Title I Schools by School Poverty Level

0-34% 10,097 10,443

35-49% 7,525 8,080

50-74% 11,230 11,994

75-100% 11,647 11,496

Title I Schools Meeting State Criteria

for AYP by School Poverty Level

0-34% 7,379 8,641

35-49% 5,398 6,434

50-74% 7,938 9,488

75-100% 7,508 8,106

Percentage Meeting State Criteria

for AYP by School Poverty Level

0-34% 73% 83%

35-49% 72% 80%

50-74% 71% 79%

75-100% 64% 71%

Notes: The total figures shown in this table only include those states that submitted information on both the number of

Title I schools by poverty level and the number of schools meeting state AYP criteria by poverty level. In 1998-99,

10 states (Iowa, Maine, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, and

Vermont) failed to submit this information. This figure was reduced to 8 states (Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware,

Idaho, Iowa, Missouri, New Jersey, and Washington) and Puerto Rico for 1999-00. Therefore the figures shown

in this table differ from figures shown in other tables.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 24

Table 8

Number and Percent of Title I Public, Private, and Local Neglected or Delinquent (N or D)

Participants, by State, 1998-99 and 1999-00

Public TAS Public SWP

State 1998-99

% of

Total 1999-00

% of

Total 1998-99

% of

Total 1999-00

% of

Total

Alabama 34,470 13 36,358 13 230,519 87 249,639 86

Alaska 9,832 39 10,311 39 15,600 61 15,620 60

Arizona 39,138 17 51,339 16 195,007 83 271,387 83

Arkansas 40,354 24 40,354 24 124,481 75 124,481 75

California 1,357,469 61 684,556 26 795,019 36 1,844,150 70

Colorado 27,189 30 22,166 21 61,940 69 82,081 78

Connecticut 27,704 35 29,422 35 49,476 63 51,433 61

Delaware 9,446 52 7,751 40 7,155 39 10,362 54

District of Columbia 12,598 21 808 1 46,431 77 61,708 98

Florida 17,883 2 13,164 2 697,484 97 780,983 98

Georgia 50,543 13 48,176 11 336,701 87 394,235 89

Hawaii 1,658 2 1,355 2 75,626 98 79,335 98

Idaho 36,932 63 18,787 45 21,559 37 22,487 54

Illinois 107,461 23 91,651 19 337,190 74 366,012 78

Indiana 55,924 49 54,971 47 54,182 47 55,498 48

Iowa 27,886 51 26,537 47 22,913 42 27,025 48

Kansas 19,977 25 22,143 25 55,653 70 62,615 71

Kentucky 25,196 9 25,260 8 266,546 91 271,484 90

Louisiana 68,693 17 62,716 16 331,302 81 328,515 82

Maine 18,488 71 16,476 62 7,446 29 9,893 38

Maryland 10,086 8 11,535 8 121,495 91 134,044 91

Massachusetts 35,204 16 37,196 16 183,439 82 196,672 82

Michigan 210,682 42 195,083 38 278,898 56 304,260 60

Minnesota 66,726 45 68,575 46 76,139 52 72,260 49

Mississippi 13,174 5 13,734 4 256,807 94 290,793 94

Missouri -- -- -- --

Montana 17,851 50 16,554 44 16,540 47 20,318 54

Nebraska 14,828 32 13,613 28 27,527 60 30,397 63

Nevada 1,704 3 2,331 3 49,216 96 63,065 94

New Hampshire 9,815 67 10,758 69 4,737 32 4,791 31

New Jersey 106,240 53 105,409 42 87,860 43 126,012 50

New Mexico 23,239 22 17,441 16 80,966 75 90,444 82

New York 273,135 37 246,911 29 425,043 58 581,289 69

North Carolina 33,197 11 26,980 8 279,438 89 291,412 91

North Dakota 11,567 60 11,079 53 7,442 38 9,279 45

Ohio 83,939 23 67,140 15 277,854 75 363,200 81

Oklahoma 35,221 16 30,558 13 179,405 83 200,494 86

Oregon 35,626 33 26,700 28 70,248 66 67,022 70

Pennsylvania 119,184 32 128,798 28 227,686 61 304,031 66

Rhode Island 5,441 23 5,322 23 16,802 71 16,563 70

South Carolina 7,308 3 4,780 2 205,556 96 216,953 97

South Dakota 9,466 44 9,094 39 11,310 53 13,791 59

Tennessee 32,485 13 29,890 11 219,832 85 237,234 86

Texas 52,026 3 41,381 2 1,833,083 97 1,955,575 97

Utah 16,331 26 12,557 20 46,935 74 50,348 80

Vermont 7,187 43 5,716 29 9,174 54 13,826 69

Virginia 36,549 29 33,379 25 84,604 68 95,797 72

Washington 48,759 26 42,244 21 139,169 73 161,377 79

West Virginia 11,443 12 39,898 30 81,108 87 91,248 69

Wisconsin 46,108 29 47,783 29 112,165 70 112,139 68

Wyoming 4,965 34 3,500 32 9,578 65 7,528 68

Bureau of Indian Affairs 0 0 0 0 50,360 100 48,318 100

Puerto Rico 96,689 24 74,984 16 291,056 72 380,922 80

Total 3,465,016 26 2,645,224 18 9,493,702 71 11,660,345 78
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 25

Table 8 (continued)

Number and Percent of Title I Public, Private, and Local Neglected or Delinquent (N or D)

Participants, by State, 1998-99 and 1999-00

Private Local N or D Total

State 1998-99

% of

Total 1999-00

% of

Total 1998-99

% of

Total 1999-00

% of

Total 1998-99 1999-00

%

Change

Alabama 719 * 1,063 * - 1,792 1 265,708 288,852 9

Alaska 3 * 29 * - 260 1 25,435 26,220 3

Arizona 736 * 2,015 1 1,200 1 2,990 1 236,081 327,731 39

Arkansas 515 * 573 * 364 * 562 * 165,714 165,970 *

California 34,758 2 - 38,209 2 105,446 4 2,225,455 2,634,152 18

Colorado 510 1 696 1 549 1 557 1 90,188 105,500 17

Connecticut 1,748 2 1,487 2 - 1,516 2 78,928 83,858 6

Delaware 1,583 9 1,042 5 0 * 0 * 18,184 19,155 5

District of Columbia 1,192 2 349 1 - 115 * 60,221 62,980 5

Florida 3,000 * 3,278 * - 2,966 * 718,367 800,391 11

Georgia 454 * 455 * 1,392 * 1,228 * 389,090 444,094 14

Hawaii 202 * 145 * - 0 * 77,486 80,835 4

Idaho 297 1 192 * 239 * 552 1 59,027 42,018 *

Illinois 10,282 2 11,013 2 2,498 1 2,713 1 457,431 471,389 3

Indiana 2,347 2 2,060 2 1,834 2 3,630 3 114,287 116,159 2

Iowa 1,879 3 1,778 3 2,064 4 1,378 2 54,742 56,718 4

Kansas 1,339 2 1,375 2 2,461 3 2,129 2 79,430 88,262 11

Kentucky 1,698 1 1,969 1 - * 1,347 * 293,440 300,060 2

Louisiana 3,302 1 4,978 1 4,317 1 5,066 1 407,614 401,275 *

Maine 163 1 - - * - 26,097 26,369 1

Maryland 1,390 1 1,501 1 749 1 789 1 133,720 147,869 11

Massachusetts 4,656 2 4,439 2 1,186 1 1,214 1 224,485 239,521 7

Michigan 4,751 1 4,712 1 3,742 1 3,708 1 498,073 507,763 2

Minnesota 4,032 3 7,433 5 372 * - 147,269 148,268 1

Mississippi 1,699 1 3,685 1 396 * 510 * 272,076 308,722 13

Missouri 3,775 2 3,909 2 - * 3,328 2 196,852 196,326 *

Montana 453 1 488 1 574 2 228 1 35,418 37,588 6

Nebraska 1,436 3 1,491 3 1,880 4 2,478 5 45,671 47,979 5

Nevada 70 * 66 * 54 * 1,583 2 51,044 67,045 31

New Hampshire 124 1 59 * - * 27 * 14,676 15,635 7

New Jersey 8,118 4 7,555 3 - * 14,158 6 202,218 253,134 25

New Mexico 1,109 1 937 1 2,016 2 1,480 1 107,330 110,302 3

New York 31,077 4 10,847 1 7,265 1 7,891 1 736,520 846,938 15

North Carolina 90 * 88 * 794 * 457 * 313,519 318,937 2

North Dakota 415 2 423 2 - 70 * 19,424 20,851 7

Ohio 8,250 2 15,015 3 1,246 * 1,164 * 371,289 446,519 20

Oklahoma 286 * 254 * 712 * 639 * 215,624 231,945 8

Oregon 843 1 1,280 1 208 * 251 * 106,925 95,253 *

Pennsylvania 23,710 6 23,432 5 3,422 1 2,852 1 374,002 459,113 23

Rhode Island 1,414 6 1,604 7 73 * 52 * 23,730 23,541 *

South Carolina 532 * 150 * 891 * 742 * 214,287 222,625 4

South Dakota 379 2 280 1 279 1 89 * 21,434 23,254 8

Tennessee 419 * 641 * 6,098 2 8,156 3 258,834 275,921 7

Texas 7,186 * 8,134 * 6,031 * 10,046 0 1,898,326 2,015,136 6

Utah 110 * 110 * - - 63,376 63,015 *

Vermont 267 2 212 1 221 1 230 1 16,849 19,984 19

Virginia 690 1 682 2,548 2 3,013 2 124,391 132,871 7

Washington 573 * 775 * 1,560 1 900 * 190,061 205,296 8

West Virginia 360 * 314 * 105 * 385 * 93,016 131,845 42

Wisconsin 3,042 2 4,524 3 17 * 132 * 161,332 164,578 2

Wyoming 95 1 55 0 - 0 * 14,638 11,083 *

Bureau of Indian Affairs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50,360 48,318 *

Puerto Rico 19,278 5 19,595 4 0 0 491 0 407,023 475,992 17

Total 197,356 1 159,187 1 97,566 1 201,310 1 13,446,717 14,855,155 10

* Less than 0.5 percent.

Notes: Percents (across) may not add to 100 due to rounding.For 1998-99 and 1999-00 Missouri was unable to provide

the participation information broken out by TAS and SWP.For this state, all of their participants are reported in the

overall totals but not in the public TAS and SWP breakouts. Additionally, fourteen states (Alabama, Alaska,

Connecticut, District of Columbia, Florida, Hawaii, Kentucky, Maine, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey,

North Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming) were unable to provide information on the number of Local N or D participants

in 1998-99 and 3 states (Maine, Minnesota, and Utah) were unable to provide this information in 1999-00.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 26

Table 9

Title I Participation, Public, Private, Local Neglected or Delinquent (N or D), and Total -

1979-80 to 1999-00

Year Public

%

Chg Private

%

Chg

Local

N or D

%

Chg Total

%

Chg

1979-80 4,973,708 189,114 5,162,822

1980-81 4,862,308 -2 213,499 13 5,075,807 -2

1981-82 4,434,447 -9 184,084 -14 4,618,531 -9

1982-83 4,270,424 -4 177,210 -4 4,447,634 -4

1983-84 4,381,975 3 190,660 8 4,572,635 3

1984-85 4,528,177 3 184,532 -3 4,712,709 3

1985-86 4,611,948 2 127,922 -31 4,739,870 1

1986-87 4,594,761 * 137,900 8 4,732,661 0

1987-88 4,808,030 5 136,618 -1 4,944,648 4

1988-89 4,777,643 -- 137,656 -- 131,574 5,046,873 2

1989-90 5,014,617 5 151,948 10 161,255 23 5,327,820 6

1990-91 5,252,141 5 157,360 4 138,069 -14 5,547,570 4

1991-92 5,594,718 7 163,329 4 145,572 5 5,903,619 6

1992-93 6,042,849 8 171,239 5 182,398 25 6,396,486 8

1993-94 6,198,095 3 177,243 4 178,942 -2 6,554,280 2

1994-95 6,392,372 3 172,982 -2 106,467 -41 6,671,821 2

 1995-96+

Public TAS %

Chg

Public

SWP

%

Chg

1996-97 3,520,622 7,529,762 167,590 -3 76,719 -28 11,294,693 69

1997-98 3,028,975 -14 9,060,316 20 193,071 15 85,739 12 12,538,283 11

1998-99 3,465,016 14 9,493,702 5 197,356 2 97,566 14 13,446,717 7

1999-00 2,645,224 -24 11,660,345 23 159,187 -19 201,310 106 14,855,155 10

* Less than 0.5 percent.

+ No State Performance Report information was collected for the 1995-96 school year.

Notes: Percents (across) may not add to 100 due to rounding. For 1997-98, two states were unable to provide

participation information broken out by TAS and SWP. For 1998-99 and 1999-00, Missouri was the only

state unable to provide this information. For these states, all of their participants are reported in the overall

totals but not in the Public TAS and SWP breakouts. Not all states provided information on Local N or D

information for all years. In particular, a large number of states failed to provide this information for 1998-99.

See the notes at the end of Table 8b for detailed information.
Table 10

Title I Participants by Grade Span, Targeted Assistance (TAS), Schoolwide (SWP), Private, Local NeglectDelinquent (N or D), and Total, 1998-99 and 1999-00

Public TAS Public SWP Private Local N or D 

Grade Level Number

% of

Public

TAS

% of

Total Number

% of

Public

SWP

% of

Total Number

% of

Private

% of

Total Number

% of

Local

N or D

1998-99Pre-K 47,157 2 16 245,455 2 84 991 1 * 309 * Kindergarten 332,630 12 26 942,927 8 73 15,362 10 1 1,243 1 Grades 1-3 1,464,901 52 29 3,426,379 29 69 81,103 51 2 6,078 3 Grades 4-6 1,014,698 36 27 2,737,466 24 72 60,963 38 2 9,463 5 Grades 7-9 557,214 20 27 1,458,110 13 70 28,854 18 1 34,301 18 Grades 10-12 199,644 7 25 554,695 5 69 8,412 5 1 37,070 20 Ungraded 41,076 1 25 121,420 1 73 518 * * 3,841 2 Total 3,657,320 100 27 9,486,452 100 71 196,203 100 1 92,305 100 1999-00Pre-K 43,367 2 14 265,939 2 86 1,227 1 * 462 * Kindergarten 232,645 8 16 1,216,154 10 83 14,659 9 1 1,715 1 Grades 1-3 1,164,450 41 22 4,086,497 35 77 71,489 45 1 7,906 4 Grades 4-6 756,099 27 18 3,271,407 28 80 47,366 30 1 14,550 8 Grades 7-9 433,444 15 18 1,902,125 16 79 18,918 12 1 61,286 33 Grades 10-12 191,527 7 17 816,915 7 74 4,822 3 0 95,653 51 Ungraded 12,737 * 12 87,894 1 83 443 * * 5,134 3 Total 2,834,269 100 19 11,646,931 100 79 158,924 100 1 186,706 100 

* Less than 0.5 percentNote: Percents (across) may not add to 100 due to rounding.

State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999-2000 Page 27
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 28

Table 11

Number and Percent of Title I Targeted Assistance (TAS) and Schoolwide (SWP)

Participants by Racial or Ethnic Classification and State, 1998-99 and 1999-00

Black, not Hispanic Hispanic White

State 1998-99

% of

Total 1999-00

% of

Total 1998-99

% of

Total 1999-00

% of

Total 1998-99

% of

Total 1999-00

% of

Total

Alabama 149,628 56 155,136 54 2,735 1 4,161 1 109,493 41 119,315 42

Alaska 1,373 5 1,474 6 967 4 857 3 6,111 24 6,859 26

Arizona 17,731 7 20,589 6 138,031 55 175,924 53 62,514 25 85,735 26

Arkansas 60,805 37 60,805 37 5,930 4 5,930 4 96,260 58 96,260 58

California 328,892 14 306,157 13 1,383,001 59 1,361,890 59 404,474 17 377,992 16

Colorado 7,206 8 8,429 8 38,360 43 45,860 44 41,226 46 47,172 45

Connecticut 28,651 37 27,524 33 26,816 35 29,547 36 19,705 25 21,341 26

Delaware 164 1 6,692 37 1,148 7 1,564 9 9,362 56 9,604 53

District of Columbia 52,634 89 51,712 89 5,010 8 5,228 9 365 1 330 1

Florida 272,534 38 296,422 37 149,750 21 175,033 22 275,476 39 299,961 38

Georgia 235,867 61 258,370 58 18,451 5 26,302 6 124,541 32 147,197 33

Hawaii 2,019 3 1,690 2 2,139 3 4,016 5 12,155 16 9,979 12

Idaho 537 1 288 1 13,229 25 9,144 22 37,552 70 29,840 72

Illinois 211,357 48 219,243 48 107,729 24 118,034 26 118,087 27 111,185 24

Indiana 31,572 29 7,140 6 4,483 4 30,760 28 69,823 65 69,795 63

Iowa 4,872 9 5,017 8 3,598 6 4,073 7 46,511 82 48,340 82

Kansas 15,090 20 15,926 19 12,946 17 15,056 18 44,103 58 50,042 59

Kentucky 35,600 12 34,524 12 2,273 1 2,618 1 250,083 86 251,593 86

Louisiana 232,685 58 228,801 58 4,051 1 4,118 1 156,405 39 152,074 39

Maine 401 2 493 2 194 1 438 2 24,903 96 24,969 95

Maryland 85,870 65 94,946 65 9,413 7 10,986 8 33,096 25 36,121 25

Massachusetts 50,440 23 51,215 22 65,409 29 68,696 29 83,022 37 98,204 42

Michigan 228,754 47 229,724 46 21,438 4 24,712 5 216,420 44 234,301 47

Minnesota 30,224 21 28,721 20 8,923 6 10,198 7 81,463 57 78,028 55

Mississippi 160,107 59 191,046 63 1,270 * 1,738 1 109,589 40 106,679 35

Missouri 3,676 2 12,924 7 15,186 7 2,159 1 180,448 88 173,754 90

Montana 875 3 245 1 253 1 936 3 23,301 68 24,380 66

Nebraska 6,684 16 7,644 17 6,238 15 7,164 16 26,872 63 26,742 61

Nevada 8,936 18 12,701 19 23,918 47 33,749 52 15,121 30 15,405 24

New Hampshire 360 3 354 2 672 5 789 5 13,150 91 14,249 91

New Jersey 78,841 41 98,587 43 59,094 30 72,226 31 50,412 26 53,529 23

New Mexico 2,180 2 2,340 2 61,727 59 64,208 60 20,021 19 20,813 19

New York 227,177 33 269,993 33 236,153 34 288,138 35 185,318 27 206,445 25

North Carolina 138,572 44 139,411 44 16,015 5 21,773 7 139,464 45 137,548 43

North Dakota 424 2 357 2 362 2 432 2 14,716 76 14,509 70

Ohio 114,676 31 106,810 25 9,103 2 8,005 2 237,456 64 262,636 61

Oklahoma 33,550 16 35,879 16 14,758 7 17,150 7 118,999 55 125,718 54

Oregon 6,411 6 1,418 2 17,387 16 18,984 20 74,525 70 66,524 71

Pennsylvania 144,303 42 187,001 43 40,162 12 43,701 10 153,159 44 188,005 43

Rhode Island 4,099 18 4,218 19 6,799 30 5,876 27 9,322 41 9,189 42

South Carolina 128,554 60 133,247 60 3,496 2 4,070 2 79,038 37 82,553 37

South Dakota 252 1 256 1 337 2 368 2 13,510 61 13,686 60

Tennessee 103,482 41 114,375 43 3,529 1 4,925 2 143,519 57 146,059 55

Texas 301,442 16 317,100 16 1,063,588 56 1,141,531 57 489,133 26 507,994 25

Utah 14,136 22 1,238 2 1,427 2 14,997 24 41,003 65 39,512 63

Vermont 411 2 271 1 116 1 142 1 16,292 94 18,816 96

Virginia 67,893 56 73,999 57 5,985 5 7,050 5 45,304 37 46,362 36

Washington 17,158 9 17,879 9 44,349 24 50,915 25 104,862 56 111,940 55

West Virginia 9,941 11 5,950 5 1,499 2 426 * 80,442 87 124,274 95

Wisconsin 64,938 40 66,159 40 15,697 10 16,527 10 68,497 42 70,437 43

Wyoming 211 2 181 2 1,434 11 1,185 11 9,040 72 7,862 71

Bureau of Indian

Affairs 0 * 0 * 0 * 0 * 0 * 0 *

Puerto Rico 0 * 6 * 387,745 100 455,026 100 0 * 752 *

Total 3,724,195 28 3,912,627 27 4,064,323 30 4,419,335 31 4,785,663 36 5,025,609 35
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 29

Table 11 (continued)

Number and Percent of Title I Targeted Assistance (TAS) and Schoolwide (SWP)

Participants by Racial or Ethnic Classification and State, 1998-99 and 1999-00

Asian/Pacific Islander Am. Indian/Alaskan Native Other Total

State 1998-99

% of

Total 1999-00

% of

Total 1998-99

% of

Total 1999-00

% of

Total 1998-99

% of

Total 1999-00

% of

Total 1998-99 1999-00

Alabama 1,012 * 4,699 2 2,307 1 2,535 1 66 * 151 * 265,241 285,997

Alaska 1,303 5 1,995 8 15,678 62 14,928 57 0 * 162 1 25,432 26,275

Arizona 3,304 1 3,700 1 30,894 12 43,481 13 31 * 2,093 1 252,505 331,522

Arkansas 1,107 1 1,107 1 558 * 558 * 175 * 175 * 164,835 164,835

California 172,619 7 217,378 9 24,880 1 17,295 1 45,059 2 30,991 1 2,358,925 2,311,703

Colorado 1,511 2 1,829 2 1,885 2 1,964 2 0 * 0 * 90,188 105,254

Connecticut 1,416 2 1,257 2 214 * 167 * 511 1 2,944 4 77,313 82,780

Delaware 5,906 36 207 1 35 * 45 * 0 * 0 * 16,615 18,112

District of Columbia 997 2 659 1 23 * 20 * 0 * 0 * 59,029 57,949

Florida 8,612 1 9,533 1 1,925 * 2,249 * 7,070 1 10,949 1 715,367 794,147

Georgia 4,493 1 5,181 1 337 * 431 * 3,555 1 4,930 1 387,244 442,411

Hawaii 52,870 68 56,401 70 344 * 376 * 7,757 10 8,228 10 77,284 80,690

Idaho 812 2 408 1 1,679 3 1,604 4 0 * 0 * 53,809 41,284

Illinois 5,951 1 5,450 1 556 * 502 * 971 * 3,249 1 444,651 457,663

Indiana 428 * 456 * 213 * 285 * 1,587 1 2,033 2 108,106 110,469

Iowa 824 1 770 1 705 1 608 1 289 1 391 1 56,799 59,199

Kansas 2,042 3 2,158 3 1,304 2 1,224 1 145 * 352 * 75,630 84,758

Kentucky 1,282 * 1,333 * 225 * 298 * 2,279 1 2,581 1 291,742 292,947

Louisiana 4,011 1 3,669 1 2,843 1 2,749 1 0 * 0 * 399,995 391,411

Maine 250 1 276 1 165 1 158 1 21 * 35 * 25,934 26,369

Maryland 2,687 2 3,015 2 518 * 511 * 0 * 0 * 131,584 145,579

Massachusetts 16,021 7 16,325 7 631 * 841 * 7,452 3 0 * 222,975 235,281

Michigan 5,667 1 6,197 1 5,779 1 4,921 1 10,676 2 2,698 1 488,734 502,553

Minnesota 13,223 9 14,139 10 9,352 7 9,749 7 0 * 0 * 143,185 140,835

Mississippi 1,041 * 4,583 2 356 * 405 * 46 * 76 * 272,409 304,527

Missouri 2,506 1 2,232 1 1,774 1 1,567 1 2,032 1 116 * 205,622 192,752

Montana 225 1 270 1 9,705 28 10,900 30 29 * 141 * 34,388 36,872

Nebraska 547 1 580 1 2,014 5 1,880 4 0 * 0 * 42,355 44,010

Nevada 1,621 3 2,077 3 1,322 3 1,450 2 2 * 14 * 50,920 65,396

New Hampshire 183 1 193 1 29 * 17 * 0 * 0 * 14,394 15,602

New Jersey 5,130 3 6,161 3 361 * 524 * 262 * 394 * 194,100 231,421

New Mexico 474 * 601 1 19,418 19 19,417 18 437 * 506 * 104,257 107,885

New York 37,335 5 49,691 6 3,071 * 3,656 * 9,124 1 10,277 1 698,178 828,200

North Carolina 3,382 1 3,565 1 11,391 4 11,476 4 3,811 1 4,619 1 312,635 318,392

North Dakota 208 1 195 1 3,718 19 5,288 25 0 * 0 * 19,428 20,781

Ohio 2,812 1 4,304 1 37 * 474 * 5,959 2 48,112 11 370,043 430,341

Oklahoma 1,540 1 1,806 1 45,777 21 50,371 22 288 * 128 * 214,912 231,052

Oregon 3,235 3 1,983 2 3,292 3 2,924 3 1,024 1 1,889 2 105,874 93,722

Pennsylvania 7,466 2 11,792 3 300 * 542 * 1,480 * 1,788 * 346,870 432,829

Rhode Island 2,405 11 2,448 11 84 * 82 * 71 * 72 * 22,780 21,885

South Carolina 987 * 1,172 1 511 * 660 * 18 * 31 * 212,604 221,733

South Dakota 127 1 294 1 7,799 35 8,281 36 0 * 0 * 22,025 22,885

Tennessee 1,410 1 1,463 1 353 * 277 * 24 * 25 * 252,317 267,124

Texas 25,492 1 25,517 1 5,454 * 4,814 * 0 * 0 * 1,885,109 1,996,956

Utah 3,150 5 2,996 5 3,518 6 4,108 7 32 * 54 * 63,266 62,905

Vermont 199 1 251 1 149 1 56 * 74 * 6 * 17,241 19,542

Virginia 2,013 2 2,131 2 186 * 202 * 462 * 411 * 121,843 130,155

Washington 12,947 7 14,207 7 8,612 5 8,680 4 0 * 0 * 187,928 203,621

West Virginia 231 * 342 * 64 * 106 * 374 * 0 * 92,551 131,098

Wisconsin 8,409 5 7,410 5 3,774 2 3,913 2 0 * 0 * 161,315 164,446

Wyoming 109 1 136 1 1,699 14 1,634 15 31 * 29 * 12,524 11,027

Bureau of Indian Affairs 0 * 0 * 50,360 100 48,315 100 0 * 0 * 50,360 48,315

Puerto Rico 0 * 24 * 0 * 0 * 0 * 98 * 387,745 455,906

Total 433,532 3 506,566 4 288,178 2 299,518 2 113,224 1 140,748 1 13,409,115 14,301,403

* Less than 0.5 percent.

Notes: Percents (across) may not add to 100 due to rounding. The number of participants shown in this table does not equal the figure

reported in Table 7 because that table summarizes state-reported by-grade information. (The totals shown in Table 7 are based on

data reported in the by-grade section of the consolidated performance report.) In some states, the total number of participants

reported by racial or ethnic classification differs from the total number reported by grade. The 1999-00 racial/ethnic information

submitted by Hawaii was broken out into 14 different categories. This detailed breakout was combined here for reporting purposes.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 30

Table 12

Number and Percent of Title I Participant by Racial or Ethnic Classification, 1979-80

through 1998-99

Year

Native American/

Asian/Other % of Total

Black, not

Hispanic

% of

Total Hispanic

% of

Total

White, not

Hispanic

% of

Total

Total Racial/

Ethnic

1979-80 173,685 4 1,371,304 31 702,940 16 2,324,433 53 4,398,677

1980-81 186,120 4 1,299,725 31 859,108 20 2,049,795 49 4,208,628

1981-82 131,789 4 1,002,116 31 582,408 18 1,699,030 52 3,283,554

1982-83 138,721 4 1,040,510 31 730,699 22 1,558,123 47 3,329,332

1983-84 188,138 5 1,122,407 30 924,517 24 1,747,691 46 3,794,615

1984-85 174,870 4 1,252,817 30 898,994 22 1,962,436 48 4,114,247

1985-86 192,984 4 1,319,907 29 1,106,902 25 2,089,988 46 4,516,797

1986-87 199,585 4 1,301,106 29 1,144,865 25 2,054,588 46 4,500,559

1987-88 226,491 5 1,367,197 29 1,231,874 26 2,121,428 45 4,720,499

1988-89 227,938 5 1,368,893 28 1,275,526 27 2,165,591 45 4,810,010

1989-90 244,177 5 1,445,326 29 1,359,025 27 2,162,953 44 4,967,304

1990-91 256,746 5 1,487,977 29 1,439,549 28 2,183,894 43 5,111,420

1991-92 288,353 5 1,590,927 29 1,608,146 29 2,316,446 42 5,515,519

1992-93 314,162 5 1,682,765 28 1,823,057 31 2,412,572 41 5,918,394

1993-94 300,640 5 1,705,518 28 1,923,354 32 2,464,649 40 6,093,521

1994-95 312,665 5 1,712,631 27 2,103,346 33 2,466,949 39 6,282,926

 1995-96+

Native Am/

Alaskan Native

Asian/ Pacific

Islander Other

1996-97 201,166 2 363,930 3 32,708 * 3,091,184 28 3,315,709 30 3,954,210 36 10,958,907

1997-98 269,734 2 390,901 3 130,357 1 3,567,400 29 3,636,620 30 4,330,772 35 12,325,784

1998-99 288,178 2 433,532 3 113,224 1 3,724,195 28 4,064,323 30 4,785,663 36 13,409,115

1999-00 299,518 2 506,566 4 140,748 1 3,912,627 27 4,419,335 31 5,025,609 35 14,301,403

* Less than 0.5 percent.

+ No State Performance Report information was collected for the 1995-96 school year.

Notes: Percents (across) may not add to 100 due to rounding. The number of participants shown in this table does not equal the

figure reported in Table 7 because that table summarizes state-reported by-grade information. (The totals shown in Table 7

are based on data reported in the by-grade section of the consolidated performance report.) In some states, the total

number of participants reported by racial or ethnic classification differs from the total number reported by grade.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 31

Table 13

Number and Percent of Total Public Targeted Assistance (TAS) and Schoolwide (SWP)

Title I Participants with Disabilities, by State, 1998-99 and 1999-00

1998-99 1999-00

State

Total Public

SWP + TAS

Participants

Total Students

with

Disabilities,

TAS + SWP

Percent

of Total

Total Public

SWP + TAS

Participants

Total Students

with

Disabilities,

TAS + SWP

Percent

of Total

Alabama 264,989 29,779 11 285,997 35,476 12

Alaska 25,432 2,953 12 25,931 4,014 15

Arizona 234,145 21,029 9 322,726 33,151 10

Arkansas 164,835 13,672 8 164,835 15,521 9

California 2,152,488 149,266 7 2,528,706 151,549 6

Colorado 89,129 8,394 9 104,247 10,824 10

Connecticut 77,180 7,320 9 80,855 5,339 7

Delaware 16,601 2,109 13 18,113 2,203 12

District of Columbia 59,029 7,655 13 62,516 3,630 6

Florida 715,367 85,548 12 794,147 137,261 17

Georgia 387,244 22,671 6 442,411 32,697 7

Hawaii 77,284 8,455 11 80,690 9,620 12

Idaho 58,491 5,400 9 41,274 4,242 10

Illinois 444,651 48,041 11 457,663 50,510 11

Indiana 110,106 15,924 14 110,469 16,473 15

Iowa 50,799 4,858 10 53,562 5,547 10

Kansas 75,630 6,431 9 84,758 7,449 9

Kentucky 291,742 43,455 15 296,744 41,691 14

Louisiana 399,995 54,601 14 391,231 27,859 7

Maine 25,934 2,038 8 26,369 2,691 10

Maryland 131,581 6,040 5 145,579 6,915 5

Massachusetts 218,643 36,207 17 233,868 36,952 16

Michigan 489,580 36,509 7 499,343 44,360 9

Minnesota 142,865 41,205 29 140,835 22,993 16

Mississippi 269,981 17,718 7 304,527 16,958 6

Missouri 193,077 12,615 7 189,089 17,205 9

Montana 34,391 3,665 11 36,872 3,798 10

Nebraska 42,355 5,770 14 44,010 5,650 13

Nevada 50,920 5,689 11 65,396 6,463 10

New Hampshire 14,552 1,413 10 15,549 1,401 9

New Jersey 194,100 7,017 4 231,421 11,064 5

New Mexico 104,205 11,786 11 107,885 15,560 14

New York 698,178 52,740 8 828,200 77,264 9

North Carolina 312,635 41,267 13 318,392 41,763 13

North Dakota 19,009 3,049 16 20,358 3,888 19

Ohio 361,793 12,292 3 430,340 8,647 2

Oklahoma 214,626 25,573 12 231,052 28,839 12

Oregon 105,874 15,064 14 93,722 14,417 15

Pennsylvania 346,870 23,263 7 -- -- --

Rhode Island -- -- -- 21,885 3,964 18

South Carolina 212,864 34,842 16 221,733 35,867 16

South Dakota 20,776 2,210 11 22,885 2,325 10

Tennessee 252,317 38,000 15 267,124 37,770 14

Texas 1,885,109 215,456 11 1,996,956 228,714 11

Utah 63,266 6,347 10 62,905 5,847 9

Vermont 16,361 1,965 12 19,542 2,162 11

Virginia 121,153 10,033 8 129,176 11,679 9

Washington 187,928 18,788 10 203,621 20,065 10

West Virginia 92,551 14,479 16 131,146 28,884 22

Wisconsin 158,273 14,112 9 159,922 12,921 8

Wyoming 14,543 1,439 10 11,028 1,531 14

Bureau of Indian Affairs 50,360 7,973 16 48,318 8,443 17

Puerto Rico 387,745 16,267 4 455,906 27,792 6

Total 13,129,552 1,280,392 10 14,061,829 1,389,848 10

Notes: The total number of students shown in this table is taken from the by-grade figures reported by the states. In this

table, the figures for TAS and SWP are combined, as a small number of states were unable to provide this

information separately. In 1998-99, Rhode Island was unable to provide information for this data item and

Pennsylvania did not provide this information for 1999-00. Therefore, this table does not include participants from

these states in the total calculations.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 32

Table 14

Number and Percent of Total Title I Participants with Limited English Proficiency (LEP),

by State, 1998-99 and 1999-00

1998-99 1999-00

State

Total Title I

Participants+

Total Title I

Students with

LEP

Percent

of Total

Total Title I

Participants+

Total Title I

Students with

LEP

Percent

of Total

Alabama -- -- -- 288,852 2,667 1

Alaska -- -- -- 26,220 6,316 24

Arizona 236,081 56,170 24 327,731 82,237 25

Arkansas 165,714 4,127 2 165,970 5,374 3

California 2,225,455 1,137,052 51 2,634,152 941,471 36

Colorado 90,188 11,637 13 105,500 15,695 15

Connecticut -- -- -- 83,858 6,164 7

Delaware 18,184 457 3 19,155 659 3

District of Columbia 60,221 4,548 8 62,980 4,591 7

Florida -- -- -- 800,391 115,632 14

Georgia 389,090 10,241 3 444,094 14,032 3

Hawaii 77,486 6,719 9 80,835 6,990 9

Idaho 59,027 5,761 10 42,018 6,614 16

Illinois 457,431 50,326 11 471,389 243,166 52

Indiana 114,287 3,358 3 116,159 3,595 3

Iowa 54,742 2,057 4 56,718 2,489 4

Kansas 79,430 11,926 15 88,262 18,670 21

Kentucky -- -- -- 300,060 2,315 1

Louisiana 407,614 2,249 1 401,275 2,879 1

Maine 26,097 134 1 26,369 582 2

Maryland 133,720 4,798 4 147,869 4,874 3

Massachusetts 224,485 42,993 19 239,521 54,057 23

Michigan 498,073 24,956 5 507,763 24,025 5

Minnesota 147,269 17,298 12 148,268 20,670 14

Mississippi 272,076 333 * 308,722 867 0

Missouri 196,852 2,429 1 196,326 2,782 1

Montana 35,418 4,892 14 37,588 1,908 5

Nebraska 45,671 3,076 7 47,979 4,065 8

Nevada -- -- -- 67,045 23,502 35

New Hampshire -- -- -- 15,635 580 4

New Jersey 202,218 18,186 9 253,134 20,171 8

New Mexico 107,330 35,113 33 110,302 36,172 33

New York 736,520 83,944 11 846,938 114,013 13

North Carolina 313,519 12,453 4 318,937 15,313 5

North Dakota -- -- -- -- -- --

Ohio 371,289 555 0 446,519 2,977 1

Oklahoma 215,624 17,446 8 231,945 32,103 14

Oregon 106,925 12,107 11 95,253 12,144 13

Pennsylvania 374,002 12,518 3 459,113 13,143 3

Rhode Island 23,730 4,394 19 23,541 4,369 19

South Carolina 214,287 1,710 1 222,625 2,439 1

South Dakota -- -- -- 23,254 1,803 8

Tennessee 258,834 3,625 1 275,921 2,522 1

Texas 1,898,326 432,652 23 2,015,136 456,568 23

Utah 63,376 10,708 17 63,015 13,599 22

Vermont -- -- -- -- -- --

Virginia 124,391 975 1 132,871 2,338 2

Washington 190,061 30,022 16 205,296 35,052 17

West Virginia 93,016 638 * 131,845 1,032 1

Wisconsin 161,332 9,343 6 164,578 10,802 7

Wyoming 14,638 1,610 11 11,083 551 5

Bureau of Indian 50,360 26,833 53 48,318 26,925 56

Puerto Rico -- -- -- 475,992 95,800 20

Total 11,534,389 2,122,369 18 14,814,320 2,519,304 17

* Less than 0.5 percent.

+ The Total Title I figure used in this table includes the figures reported for TAS, SWP, Private, and Local N or D combined.

Notes: For 1998-99, ten states (Alabama, Alaska, Connecticut, Florida, Kentucky, Nevada, New Hampshire, North

Dakota, South Dakota, and Vermont) and Puerto Rico were unable to report this information. This was reduced

to two states (North Dakota and Vermont) for 1999-00. Therefore this table does not include participants from

these states in the calculations for those years. In some states, the counts of limited English proficient students

may include Private and Local Neglected or Delinquent (N or D) students.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 33

Table 15

Number of Homeless Children Participating in Title I, by State, 1998-99 and 1999-00

1998-99 1999-00

State

Total Title I

Participants+

Number of

Homeless

Children

Percent

of Total

Total Title I

Participants+

Number of

Homeless

Children

Percent

of Total

Alabama 265,708 7,400 3 288,852 6,332 2

Alaska -- -- -- 26,220 330 1

Arizona 236,081 10,709 5 327,731 6,565 2

Arkansas 165,714 5,719 3 165,970 2,469 1

California -- -- -- -- -- --

Colorado 90,188 1,243 1 105,500 912 1

Connecticut -- -- -- 83,858 1,131 1

Delaware 18,184 401 2 -- -- --

District of Columbia 60,221 227 * 62,980 252 *

Florida 718,367 15,022 2 800,391 10,778 1

Georgia 389,090 990 * 444,094 1,049 *

Hawaii 77,486 369 * 80,835 314 *

Idaho 59,027 1,200 2 42,018 1,440 3

Illinois 457,431 4,996 1 471,389 3,677 1

Indiana 114,287 391 * 116,159 725 1

Iowa 54,742 691 1 56,718 637 1

Kansas 79,430 1,324 2 88,262 1,502 2

Kentucky 293,440 7,270 2 300,060 2,997 1

Louisiana 407,614 12,050 3 401,275 7,786 2

Maine -- -- -- 26,369 44 *

Maryland 133,720 979 1 147,869 749 1

Massachusetts 224,485 1,151 1 239,521 1,233 1

Michigan 498,073 2,697 1 507,763 2,861 1

Minnesota 147,269 8,095 5 148,268 8,878 6

Mississippi 272,076 1,678 1 308,722 1,808 1

Missouri 196,852 529 * 196,326 2,127 1

Montana 35,418 174 * 37,588 121 *

Nebraska 45,671 1,092 2 47,979 1,262 3

Nevada 51,044 1,949 4 67,045 1,833 3

New Hampshire -- -- -- -- -- --

New Jersey 202,218 666 * 253,134 483 *

New Mexico 107,330 2,594 2 110,302 2,942 3

New York 736,520 377 * 846,938 552 *

North Carolina 313,519 323 * 318,937 275 *

North Dakota -- -- -- -- -- --

Ohio 371,289 9,747 3 446,519 196 *

Oklahoma 215,624 1,141 1 231,945 811 *

Oregon 106,925 5,283 5 95,253 4,730 5

Pennsylvania 374,002 3,105 1 459,113 1,909 *

Rhode Island -- -- -- 23,541 22 *

South Carolina 214,287 402 * 222,625 994 *

South Dakota 21,434 487 2 23,254 676 3

Tennessee 258,834 101 * -- -- --

Texas 1,898,326 8,508 * 2,015,136 11,241 1

Utah 63,376 3,018 5 63,015 3,177 5

Vermont -- -- -- -- -- --

Virginia 124,391 277 * 132,871 805 1

Washington 190,061 1,561 1 205,296 1,227 1

West Virginia -- -- -- -- -- --

Wisconsin 161,332 591 * 164,578 679 *

Wyoming 14,638 221 2 11,083 14 *

Bureau of Indian 50,360 501 1 48,318 368 1

Puerto Rico 407,023 17,738 4 475,992 2,397 1

Total 10,923,107 144,987 1 11,737,612 103,310 1

* Less than 0.5 percent.

+ The Total Title I figure used in this table includes the figures reported for TAS, SWP, Private, and Local N or D combined.

Notes: The total number of children shown is taken from the by-grade figures reported by the states. In this table, the

figures include Targeted Assistance (TAS), Schoolwide (SWP), Private and Local Neglected or Delinquent (N or D)

students, as Homeless participants are not just TAS and SWP. The totals shown here do not reflect data from all

states. In 1998-99, nine states (Alaska, California, Connecticut, Maine, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Rhode

Island Vermont, and West Virginia) were unable to provide information for this item. This figure decreased to

seven states (California, Connecticut, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Tennessee, Vermont, and West

Virginia) for 1999-00.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 34

Table 16

Number and Percent of Total Public Targeted Assistance (TAS) and Schoolwide (SWP)

Title I Participants Classified as Migrant, by State, 1998-99 and 1999-00

1998-99 1999-00

State

Total Public

Participants

Number of

Migrant

students

Percent

of Total

Total Public

Participants

Number of

Migrant

students

Percent

of Total

Alabama 264,989 6,221 2 285,997 2,441 1

Alaska -- -- -- 25,931 3,836 15

Arizona 234,145 7,566 3 322,726 8,307 3

Arkansas 164,835 3,346 2 164,835 4,699 3

California 2,152,488 203,841 9 2,528,706 89,003 4

Colorado 89,129 2,306 3 104,247 2,110 2

Connecticut -- -- -- 80,855 978 1

Delaware 16,601 118 1 -- -- --

District of Columbia 59,029 734 1 62,516 709 1

Florida 715,367 32,005 4 794,147 30,592 4

Georgia 387,244 3,472 1 442,411 4,204 1

Hawaii -- -- -- -- -- --

Idaho 58,491 6,367 11 41,274 3,044 7

Illinois 444,651 7,357 2 457,663 10,127 2

Indiana 110,106 824 1 110,469 808 1

Iowa 50,799 493 1 53,562 1,191 2

Kansas 75,630 5,743 8 84,758 5,508 6

Kentucky 291,742 9,758 3 296,744 9,865 3

Louisiana 399,995 3,779 1 391,231 2,755 1

Maine 25,934 2,905 11 -- -- --

Maryland 131,581 13 * 145,579 42 *

Massachusetts 218,643 641 * 233,868 797 *

Michigan -- -- -- 499,343 2,980 1

Minnesota 142,865 2,122 1 140,835 455 *

Mississippi 269,981 1,377 1 304,527 1,020 *

Missouri 193,077 1,931 1 189,089 1,399 1

Montana 34,391 60 * 36,872 78 *

Nebraska 42,355 1,351 3 44,010 1,508 3

Nevada 50,920 363 1 65,396 341 1

New Hampshire -- -- -- -- -- --

New Jersey 194,100 418 * 231,421 3,488 2

New Mexico 104,205 1,666 2 107,885 1,713 2

New York 698,178 377 * 828,200 457 *

North Carolina 312,635 5,126 2 318,392 5,821 2

North Dakota -- -- -- -- -- --

Ohio 361,793 4,296 1 430,340 523 *

Oklahoma -- -- -- -- -- --

Oregon 105,874 7,159 7 93,722 7,932 8

Pennsylvania -- -- -- 432,829 1,479 *

Rhode Island 22,243 176 1 21,885 90 *

South Carolina 212,864 721 * 221,733 661 *

South Dakota 20,776 378 2 22,885 665 3

Tennessee 252,317 166 * 267,124 110 *

Texas 1,885,109 65,151 3 1,996,956 42,092 2

Utah 63,266 978 2 62,905 912 1

Vermont -- -- -- -- -- --

Virginia 121,153 188 * 129,176 126 *

Washington 187,928 18,342 10 203,621 18,342 9

West Virginia 92,551 42 * -- -- --

Wisconsin 158,273 372 * 159,922 216 *

Wyoming 14,543 48 * 11,028 56 1

Bureau of Indian -- -- -- -- -- --

Puerto Rico 387,745 14,658 4 455,906 11,091 2

Total 11,820,541 424,955 4 13,903,521 284,571 2

* Less than 0.5 percent.

Notes: The total number of children shown in this table is taken from the by-grade figures reported by the states. In this

table, the figures for TAS and SWP are combined, as a number of states were unable to provide this information

separately. The totals shown here do not reflect data from all states. In 1998-99, 9 states (Alaska, Connecticut,

Hawaii, Michigan, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Vermont), and BIA were unable to

provide information for this item. Eight states (Delaware, Hawaii, Maine, New Hampshire, North Dakota,

Oklahoma, Vermont, and West Virginia) and BIA did not provide this information for 1999-00.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 35

Table 17

Total Public Targeted Assistance (TAS) Title I Participants by Service Area, 1998-99 and

1999-00

1998-99 1999-00

Number

Percent of all

Public TAS

Title I

Participants

Served Number

Percent of all

Public TAS

Title I

Participants

Served

Instructional Services

Reading/Language Arts 3,249,861 89 2,469,072 89

Mathematics 1,588,402 43 1,483,015 54

Science 242,974 7 162,675 6

Social Studies 193,047 5 140,197 5

Other Instructional Services* 199,524 5 101,969 4

Total Instructional Services

(Duplicated Count) 5,473,808 4,356,928

Supporting Services

Guidance/Counseling/Social Work 132,876 4 446,074 16

Health/Dental 286,181 8 301,103 11

Other Supporting Services** 121,151 3 200,315 7

Total Supporting Services

(Duplicated Count) 540,208 947,492

Unduplicated Public TAS

Participant Count 3,658,093 2,765,738

* Other instructional services include preschool/early childhood, tutoring, basic skills, readiness, English as a

Second Language (ESL)/bilingual, arts/recreational/living, practical living, technology, and Spanish, among others.

** Other supporting services include transportation, nutrition, speech therapy, clothing, media, field trips, home visit,

job prep, physical education, and nurse, among others.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 36

Table 18

Number and Percent of LEAs providing Family Literacy Services, by State, 1998-99 and

1999-00

1998-99 1999-00

State

Total Number

of Title I LEAs

Number of

LEAs Providing

Family Literacy

Services

Percent of

Total

Total Number

of Title I LEAs

Number of

LEAs Providing

Family Literacy

Services

Percent of

Total

Alabama 128 15 12 128 45 35

Alaska -- -- -- 51 17 33

Arizona 294 110 37 359 161 45

Arkansas 304 31 10 304 34 11

California -- -- -- -- -- --

Colorado 166 18 11 -- -- --

Connecticut -- -- -- 149 555 372

Delaware 22 0 0 23 0 0

District of Columbia 1 1 100 1 1 100

Florida -- -- -- 67 31 46

Georgia 180 7 4 180 5 3

Hawaii 1 1 100 1 1 100

Idaho 110 38 35 110 40 36

Illinois 752 272 36 764 258 34

Indiana 285 11 4 287 11 4

Iowa 375 14 4 375 23 6

Kansas 302 38 13 303 38 13

Kentucky -- -- -- 174 52 30

Louisiana 66 6 9 66 150 227

Maine -- -- -- -- -- --

Maryland 24 24 100 24 24 100

Massachusetts 267 45 17 337 58 17

Michigan -- -- -- 616 185 30

Minnesota 336 9 3 383 9 2

Mississippi 152 45 30 152 17 11

Missouri 504 0 0 517 39 8

Montana 307 16 5 315 20 6

Nebraska 304 2 1 291 18 6

Nevada 19 5 26 17 4 24

New Hampshire -- -- -- -- -- --

New Jersey 477 9 2 479 7 1

New Mexico -- -- -- 88 24 27

New York 684 45 7 685 44 6

North Carolina 117 27 23 117 69 59

North Dakota 202 0 0 201 0 0

Ohio -- -- -- 640 12 2

Oklahoma 542 2 0 540 14 3

Oregon 169 34 20 197 46 23

Pennsylvania -- -- -- 452 92 20

Rhode Island -- -- -- 38 5 13

South Carolina 86 44 51 86 32 37

South Dakota -- -- -- 168 0 0

Tennessee 138 8 6 138 12 9

Texas 1,031 175 17 1,130 206 18

Utah 40 64 160 40 65 163

Vermont -- -- -- -- -- --

Virginia 132 41 31 -- -- --

Washington -- -- -- 276 12 4

West Virginia 55 14 25 55 18 33

Wisconsin 388 20 5 399 20 5

Wyoming 144 67 47 140 68 49

Bureau of Indian Affairs 173 102 59 173 86 50

Puerto Rico -- -- -- -- -- --

Total 9,277 1,360 15 12,036 2,628 22

* Less than 0.5 percent.

Notes: Fifteen states (Alaska, California, Connecticut, Florida, Kentucky, Maine, Michigan, New Hampshire, New

Mexico, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Vermont, Washington), and Puerto Rico were

unable to provide this information for 1998-99. This figure dropped to 6 states (California, Colorado, Maine, New

Hampshire, Vermont, and Virginia) and Puerto Rico in 1999-00.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 37

Table 19

Number of Extended Time Instructional Programs in Operation, by State, 1998-99 and

1999-00

State 1998-99 1999-00

Alabama 59 425

Alaska 34 62

Arizona 367 314

Arkansas 171 193

California -- --

Colorado 182 160

Connecticut -- 338

Delaware 7 5

District of Columbia 139 116

Florida -- 0

Georgia 140 132

Hawaii 20 118

Idaho 119 --

Illinois 630 694

Indiana 373 508

Iowa 1 166

Kansas 89 108

Kentucky 61 109

Louisiana 274 566

Maine 42 0

Maryland 23 222

Massachusetts 314 203

Michigan 301 1,344

Minnesota 265 310

Mississippi 151 315

Missouri 231 218

Montana 145 154

Nebraska 0 77

Nevada 29 50

New Hampshire 71 42

New Jersey 226 276

New Mexico 82 232

New York 694 1,222

North Carolina 120 211

North Dakota 34 120

Ohio 483 726

Oklahoma 297 446

Oregon 95 101

Pennsylvania 391 202

Rhode Island -- 25

South Carolina 53 50

South Dakota 82 210

Tennessee 390 201

Texas 1,461 3,416

Utah 213 227

Vermont 85 0

Virginia 313 0

Washington -- 0

West Virginia 414 346

Wisconsin 70 570

Wyoming 75 175

Bureau of Indian Affairs 156 160

Puerto Rico -- 0

Total 9,972 15,865

Notes: The total shown here does not reflect data from all states. In 1998-99 five states (California, Connecticut, Florida, Rhode

Island, Washington), and Puerto Rico were unable to provide information for this data item. This figure decreased to two

states (California and Idaho) in 1999-00.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 38

Table 20

Title I-Funded Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) Staff, by State, 1998-99 and 1999-00

Teachers Teacher Aides

State 1998-99 1999-00 % Change 1997-98 1999-00 % Change

Alabama 443 402 -9 505 473 -6

Alaska 48 40 -16 137 104 -24

Arizona 631 750 19 1,028 992 -4

Arkansas 460 433 -6 768 696 -9

California 1,719 4,244 147 2,027 10,987 442

Colorado 1,097 583 -47 458 281 -39

Connecticut 348 346 0 321 451 41

Delaware 96 131 36 197 197 0

District of Columbia 18 6 -66 78 0 -100

Florida 297 1,933 551 384 1,669 335

Georgia 326 828 154 179 417 133

Hawaii 37 40 8 14 1 -93

Idaho 220 206 -7 390 372 -5

Illinois 3,504 3,291 -6 1,401 1,103 -21

Indiana 1,053 1,071 2 2,204 2,115 -4

Iowa 1,005 1,081 8 150 178 18

Kansas 582 526 -10 392 403 3

Kentucky 343 255 -26 577 418 -28

Louisiana 568 585 3 545 1,119 105

Maine 333 311 -7 744 685 -8

Maryland 694 99 -86 983 259 -74

Massachusetts 968 750 -23 410 328 -20

Michigan 1,344 1,174 -13 3,280 2,898 -12

Minnesota 906 1,105 22 1,776 1,883 6

Mississippi 498 158 -68 506 628 24

Missouri 1,856 2,385 28 812 888 9

Montana 354 340 -4 378 335 -11

Nebraska 356 370 4 179 169 -6

Nevada 27 24 -10 25 0 -100

New Hampshire 194 212 9 225 252 12

New Jersey 2,106 1,941 -8 572 669 17

New Mexico 353 307 -13 366 281 -23

New York 3,229 3,921 21 468 649 39

North Carolina 715 713 0 373 328 -12

North Dakota 318 345 8 274 244 -11

Ohio 3,755 3,485 -7 681 547 -20

Oklahoma 840 830 -1 291 282 -3

Oregon 402 299 -26 722 615 -15

Pennsylvania 2,322 2,445 5 1,167 1,292 11

Rhode Island 141 121 -14 394 364 -8

South Carolina 131 102 -22 110 56 -49

South Dakota 284 340 20 201 157 -22

Tennessee 534 507 -5 563 508 -10

Texas 766 717 -6 712 615 -14

Utah 204 190 -7 765 861 13

Vermont 236 179 -24 184 161 -13

Virginia 1,287 1,191 -7 587 506 -14

Washington 597 515 -14 860 791 -8

West Virginia 374 223 -40 62 49 -21

Wisconsin 1,021 1,017 * 421 0 -100

Wyoming 151 124 -18 167 141 -16

Bureau of Indian Affairs -- -- -- -- -- --

Puerto Rico 1,972 769 -61 71 34 -52

Total 42,062 43,957 5 31,086 39,450 27
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 39

Table 20 (continued)

Title I-Funded Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) Staff, by State, 1998-99 and 1999-00

Administrators Support Staff Other Staff Total

State 1998-99 1999-00 %

Change 1998-99 1999-00 %

Change 1998-99 1999-00 %

Change 1998-99 1999-00

Alabama 44 36 -18 91 90 0 25 23 -11 1,107 1,023

Alaska 0 6 -- 11 13 26 4 1 -66 200 166

Arizona 46 53 14 273 208 -24 26 38 43 2,005 2,040

Arkansas 45 35 -22 35 57 60 50 71 42 1,358 1,291

California 279 558 100 685 1,797 162 788 2,927 272 5,497 20,514

Colorado 27 22 -16 31 57 84 72 14 -80 1,685 957

Connecticut 19 22 21 20 48 139 104 80 -23 811 947

Delaware 11 11 -2 10 30 188 11 0 -100 325 368

District of Columbia 0 1 0 3 0 -100 11 0 -100 110 7

Florida 15 123 717 16 112 602 66 49 -26 778 3,886

Georgia 19 47 145 58 87 50 0 0 -- 582 1,379

Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -- 51 41

Idaho 14 18 29 16 66 305 11 11 0 651 673

Illinois 234 293 25 121 418 245 370 134 -64 5,631 5,239

Indiana 86 78 -9 356 345 -3 0 0 -- 3,699 3,608

Iowa 0 0 0 30 31 2 0 0 0 1,186 1,289

Kansas 20 21 5 9 19 113 9 0 -100 1,012 969

Kentucky 12 0 -100 23 6 -76 11 16 45 966 694

Louisiana 61 86 41 78 144 85 12 51 325 1,264 1,985

Maine 17 16 -6 13 8 -36 5 0 0 1,113 1,021

Maryland 19 3 -84 165 6 -96 196 23 -88 2,057 390

Massachusetts 45 30 -34 95 44 -54 78 47 -39 1,596 1,198

Michigan 116 109 -6 190 301 58 67 133 99 4,997 4,615

Minnesota 37 39 5 46 52 13 145 152 0 2,910 3,231

Mississippi 41 44 7 310 417 35 37 67 83 1,392 1,314

Missouri 54 48 -11 62 232 272 7 6 -22 2,792 3,559

Montana 15 14 -8 19 46 140 8 0 -100 775 735

Nebraska 14 18 26 25 33 35 0 0 -- 573 590

Nevada 1 1 28 0 1 0 0 0 -100 53 26

New Hampshire 34 31 -10 28 35 22 17 0 -100 499 530

New Jersey 65 73 12 59 58 -2 47 53 13 2,849 2,793

New Mexico 26 24 -6 67 50 -26 1 0 -100 814 662

New York 105 147 40 178 298 68 2,291 1,256 -45 6,270 6,270

North Carolina 25 28 12 33 45 38 27 5 -81 1,173 1,119

North Dakota 19 29 53 9 0 -100 0 11 -- 620 629

Ohio 101 43 -57 125 65 -48 203 0 -100 4,865 4,140

Oklahoma 56 69 23 36 67 88 66 26 -61 1,288 1,274

Oregon 18 18 -3 48 25 -49 19 28 46 1,210 985

Pennsylvania 110 125 13 118 410 247 50 53 7 3,767 4,326

Rhode Island 10 6 -38 10 14 41 17 1 -96 572 506

South Carolina 29 0 -100 25 14 -43 7 1 -82 301 173

South Dakota 19 20 6 15 37 155 0 0 0 519 554

Tennessee 40 38 -5 4 34 720 66 47 -30 1,207 1,133

Texas 23 21 -7 45 57 27 0 0 -- 1,544 1,410

Utah 22 21 -1 30 45 49 124 0 -100 1,144 1,117

Vermont 14 15 7 9 6 -35 1 3 194 444 364

Virginia 98 99 1 39 36 -6 133 7 -95 2,143 1,839

Washington 34 27 -21 27 44 64 0 33 -- 1,518 1,410

West Virginia 18 17 -6 12 13 7 16 19 19 481 321

Wisconsin 45 57 26 25 35 41 49 50 1 1,562 1,159

Wyoming 18 6 -67 2 7 235 7 3 -57 345 280

Bureau of Indian Affairs -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Puerto Rico 49 15 -69 298 267 -10 378 49 -87 2,768 1,134

Total 2,267 2,659 17 4,031 6,327 57 5,633 5,488 -3 85,080 97,883

* Less than 0.5%

The figures in this total column include the FTE staff reported by the states in all 5 staffing categories: Administrators,

Teachers, Teacher Aides, Support Staff, and Other.

Notes: Other staff include clerical, parent coordinator/liaison, bus driver, truant officer, health coordinator, and secretary.

For both 1998-99 and 1999-00, all schools operated by the Bureau of Indian Affairs were schoolwide schools.

The Bureau of Indian Affairs did not, therefore, report any TAS staff.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 40

Table 21

Title I Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) Teachers and Teacher Aides 1979-80 through 1999-00

Teachers Teacher Aides

Year Number

Percent of

Total Staff Number

Percent of

Total Staff

Number of

Total Staff

1979-80 77,782 40 86,826 45 194,403

1980-81 80,078 43 80,938 44 185,925

1981-82 74,786 45 67,536 40 167,748

1982-83 68,590 46 58,093 39 149,220

1983-84 68,627 46 57,479 38 150,277

1984-85 72,797 46 61,380 39 158,967

1985-86 69,014 45 59,058 39 151,936

1986-87 64,143 46 55,530 39 140,691

1987-88 65,668 46 56,078 39 143,675

1988-89 68,149 45 60,544 40 150,816

1989-90 68,554 46 61,282 41 149,275

1990-91 71,109 45 65,232 41 158,270

1991-92 77,344 45 69,806 41 171,830

1992-93 82,294 45 74,342 41 182,496

1993-94 85,565 45 77,811 40 192,165

1994-95 85,288 45 77,811 41 189,528

 1995-96+

 1996-97** 61,253 46 52,715 40 133,148

1997-98 60,935 48 47,757 38 126,847

1998-99 42,062 49 31,086 37 85,080

1999-00 43,957 45 39,451 40 97,883

+ No State Performance Report information was collected for the 1995-96 school year.

** Starting with this reporting year, states were asked to report information for only Targeted Assistance (TAS) schools. In 1996-97,

the information submitted by the states was nearly equally divided between those states which submitted information for TAS

schools only and those which submitted information for TAS and schoolwide (SWP) combined. By the 1998-99 reporting year, all

states indicated that the reported data was for TAS schools only.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 41

Table 22

Number of Neglected, Delinquent, and Adult Correctional Title I Participants, by State,

1998-99 and 1999-00

Neglected Delinquent Adult Correctional Total

State 1998-99 % 1999-00 % 1998-99 % 1999-00 % 1998-99 % 1999-00 % 1998-99 1999-00

Alabama 814 33 890 26 1,633 67 2,459 72 0 0 58 2 2,447 3,407

Alaska 0 0 126 40 316 100 182 58 0 0 6 2 316 314

Arizona 0 0 0 0 4,777 93 4,466 85 369 7 806 15 5,146 5,272

Arkansas 0 0 0 0 148 21 195 23 550 79 647 77 698 842

California 30,481 88 0 0 0 0 4,108 79 4,100 12 1,104 21 34,581 5,212

Colorado 0 0 0 0 432 100 783 88 0 0 104 12 432 887

Connecticut 127 6 128 3 601 30 255 6 1,295 64 3,596 90 2,023 3,979

Delaware 0 0 85 50 207 100 85 50 0 0 0 0 207 170

District of Columbia 101 5 115 9 793 42 969 75 974 52 204 16 1,868 1,288

Florida 6,199 26 3,024 12 13,567 58 19,232 76 3,638 16 3,022 12 23,404 25,278

Georgia 0 0 0 0 5,009 77 3,605 55 1,510 23 2,900 45 6,519 6,505

Hawaii 0 0 0 0 147 60 60 36 98 40 108 64 245 168

Idaho 239 31 278 31 432 57 266 30 90 12 343 39 761 887

Illinois 2,498 43 2,713 43 2,081 36 2,376 37 1,179 20 1,281 20 5,758 6,370

Indiana 232 16 176 15 1,202 84 978 85 0 0 0 0 1,434 1,154

Iowa 2,064 16 0 0 10,348 80 210 51 468 4 204 49 12,880 414

Kansas 173 13 17 2 1,106 81 912 88 83 6 106 10 1,362 1,035

Kentucky 0 0 0 0 3,277 88 2,386 86 464 12 398 14 3,741 2,784

Louisiana 42 2 38 1 1,535 87 2,276 84 183 10 386 14 1,760 2,700

Maine 0 0 0 450 90 437 90 50 10 46 10 500 483

Maryland 707 22 0 0 587 18 2,520 83 1,943 60 498 17 3,237 3,018

Massachusetts 1,279 50 1,272 62 1,043 41 330 16 243 9 466 23 2,565 2,068

Michigan 0 0 0 0 828 86 729 87 130 14 105 13 958 834

Minnesota 467 26 498 26 1,270 70 1,352 70 79 4 82 4 1,816 1,932

Mississippi 0 0 510 34 931 96 922 62 39 4 49 3 970 1,481

Missouri 0 0 0 4,421 80 2,242 73 1,128 20 832 27 5,549 3,074

Montana 0 0 0 0 221 78 248 86 63 22 41 14 284 289

Nebraska 357 23 147 13 1,102 71 897 78 103 7 106 9 1,562 1,150

Nevada 94 24 51 17 305 76 256 83 0 0 0 0 399 307

New Hampshire 105 10 72 7 944 90 920 93 0 0 0 0 1,049 992

New Jersey 552 17 321 12 1,531 46 1,805 66 1,215 37 623 23 3,298 2,749

New Mexico 44 3 89 5 1,106 80 1,497 89 231 17 92 5 1,381 1,678

New York 0 0 0 0 2,980 52 5,316 100 2,732 48 5,316 5,712

North Carolina 0 0 0 0 287 20 2,732 100 1,160 80 0 0 1,447 2,732

North Dakota 0 0 0 0 89 100 75 100 0 0 0 0 89 75

Ohio 1,246 16 0 3,579 46 1,744 32 2,942 38 3,712 68 7,767 5,456

Oklahoma 368 20 381 26 835 45 442 31 638 35 619 43 1,841 1,442

Oregon 915 37 915 37 1,316 54 1,315 54 212 9 212 9 2,443 2,442

Pennsylvania 628 44 342 25 358 25 713 52 432 30 311 23 1,418 1,366

Rhode Island -- 0 0 -- 326 62 -- 200 38 -- 526

South Carolina 96 2 107 4 2,239 58 1,048 40 1,554 40 1,478 56 3,889 2,633

South Dakota 103 18 103 18 485 82 485 82 0 0 0 0 588 588

Tennessee 153 15 130 16 574 57 548 68 283 28 126 16 1,010 804

Texas 0 0 0 0 3,887 85 3,959 82 682 15 876 18 4,569 4,835

Utah 319 27 363 30 759 64 710 58 113 9 141 12 1,191 1,214

Vermont -- 76 18 -- 44 11 -- 296 71 -- 416

Virginia 0 0 0 0 1,398 83 1,398 83 291 17 291 17 1,689 1,689

Washington 0 0 0 0 819 79 1,410 81 224 21 341 19 1,043 1,751

West Virginia 0 0 0 0 1,013 100 1,124 100 0 0 0 0 1,013 1,124

Wisconsin 0 0 0 0 2,028 66 2,128 67 1,024 34 1,044 33 3,052 3,172

Wyoming 34 6 218 20 468 88 728 68 31 6 125 12 533 1,071

Bureau of Indian Affairs NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

Puerto Rico 491 17 325 12 1,890 67 1,744 65 448 16 619 23 2,829 2,688

Total 50,928 30 13,510 10 84,374 49 85,611 66 35,575 21 31,336 24 170,877 130,457

Notes: The national figures for this portion of the program should be viewed with caution, as participants in California

account for 20 percent of all state N or D participants. Additionally, year-to-year trends tend to be a reflection of

changes in the data reported by California, rather than a reflection of trends in the nation as a whole. Bureau of

Indian Affairs does not have state N or D participants and Rhode Island and Vermont were unable to provide

information for this item for 1998-99.
State ESEA Title I Participation Information for 1999–2000 Page 42

Table 23

Number of Institutions Participating in the State Agency Neglected or Delinquent (N or D)

Program, by State, 1998-99 and 1999-00

Neglected

Institutions

Delinquent

Institutions Adult Correctional

State 1998-99 1999-00 1998-99 1999-00 1998-99 1999-00

Alabama 38 31 16 26 0 1

Alaska 0 2 7 4 0 1

Arizona 0 0 32 2 1 1

Arkansas 0 0 1 1 5 2

California 78 0 0 1 2 1

Colorado 0 0 5 7 0 1

Connecticut 1 1 1 1 1 19

Delaware 0 1 3 1 0 0

District of Columbia 3 1 2 2 1 1

Florida 3 3 3 3 12 11

Georgia 0 0 6 6 5 12

Hawaii 0 0 1 1 1 1

Idaho 9 9 17 11 2 2

Illinois 34 38 7 7 7 7

Indiana 1 1 4 4 0 0

Iowa 29 0 24 2 6 4

Kansas 4 1 4 4 1 1

Kentucky 0 0 40 38 14 13

Louisiana 113413

Maine 0 0 1 1 1 1

Maryland 19 0 16 7 13 4

Massachusetts 65 55 49 12 9 22

Michigan 0 0 8 7 5 3

Minnesota 18 18 32 32 1 1

Mississippi 0 34 2 2 1 1

Missouri 0 0 40 35 3 3

Montana 0 0 2 2 1 1

Nebraska 1 1 2 2 1 1

Nevada 2 2 5 5 0 0

New Hampshire 8 1 14 12 0 0

New Jersey 14 9 21 27 8 8

New Mexico 1 1 3 3 1 1

New York 0 0 0 1 2 1

North Carolina 0 0 5 11 6 0

North Dakota 0 0 1 1 0 0

Ohio 52 0 74 9 14 1

Oklahoma 12 12 17 17 1 1

Oregon 48 43 13 13 1 1

Pennsylvania 1 1 11 12 25 5

Rhode Island -- 0 -- 1 -- 1

South Carolina 1 1 4 1 5 1

South Dakota 2 2 4 4 0 0

Tennessee 114411

Texas 0 0 1 1 1 1

Utah 5 9 20 20 3 4

Vermont -- 2 -- 1 -- 1

Virginia 0 0 6 10 2 2

Washington 0 0 21 14 1 1

West Virginia 0 0 6 6 0 0

Wisconsin 0 0 4 4 6 6

Wyoming 2 5 11 7 2 2

Bureau of Indian Affairs -- -- -- -- -- --

Puerto Rico 15 17 8 8 2 2

Total 468 303 581 417 175 158

Notes: Bureau of Indian Affairs does not have state N or D participants and Rhode Island and Vermont were unable to provide

information for this item for 1998-99.