2010 National Public Water Systems 

Compliance Report

2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems 

Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public 

Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010

National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems 

Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public 

Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010

National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems 

Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public 

Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010

National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems 

Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public 

Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010

National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems 

Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public 

Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010

National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems 

Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public 

Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010

National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems 

Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public 

Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010

National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems 

Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National 

Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance

Providing Safe Drinking

Water in America
ii

Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (2201A)

Washington, DC 20460

EPA DOCUMENT 35012002

October 2012
iii

2010 National Public Water Systems 

Compliance Report

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Executive Summary....................................................................... 1

Introduction ................................................................................ 3

Part 1. Summary of Compliance and Enforcement at Public Water Systems 

throughout the U.S., including Those in Indian Country

............................................................................................... 4

Part 2. Summary of Compliance, Enforcement, and Financial Assistance at 

Public Water Systems in Indian Country ............................................. 10

Part 3. Conclusions and Recommendations ........................................ 16

APPENDIX A

Glossary of Terms

APPENDIX B

Summaries of State Annual Compliance Reports
1

2010 National Public Water Systems 

Compliance Report

Executive Summary

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is directed by the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)

to annually report on public water system (PWS) compliance in the United States. To meet this 

requirement, EPA’s Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (OECA) publishes the National 

Public Water Systems Compliance Report (Report). The Report for 2010 documents that, while the 

majority of the U.S. population served by PWSs receives safe drinking water, many PWSs incurred 

significant violations of federal drinking water quality standards. EPA’s Enforcement Response Policy 

for the Public Water System Supervision (PWSS) Program under the SDWA (ERP) issued on December 

8, 2009, establishes a water system-based approach to defining, prioritizing, and addressing 

noncompliance with federal requirements. The ERP has been instrumental in improving compliance 

trends as has been shown by the data. The number of PWSs with significant violations has decreased 

from 43,203 in 2009 to 39,716 in 2010. Additionally, EPA and primacy agencies need to work together 

to improve data quality, which affects EPA’s ability to accurately quantify the extent of noncompliance. 

In 2010, there were 153,000 PWSs in the U.S., serving over 317 million users. Small PWSs1 comprise 

the vast majority of all these systems. Noncompliance occurs more frequently at smaller PWSs because 

they often have fewer resources to operate and maintain compliance. For this reason, EPA, states, and 

other organizations provide significant resources to small PWSs to build their capacity to properly 

finance, operate, and maintain their drinking water systems. Among other mechanisms to support small

PWSs, EPA provides funds through the Drinking Water State Revolving Fund and the Public Water 

System Supervision (PWSS) program for third-party technical assistance providers, and maintains 

multiple, free online financial and technical websites, tools and resources.

Overall Compliance Is Improving

EPA tracks compliance at PWSs in different ways and for different purposes. For purposes of this report, 

EPA tracks compliance in two ways: 1) the number of PWSs with significant violations reported to EPA 

each year (that is, any health-based violation or certain monitoring and reporting violations where the 

facility fails to report analytic results); and 2) the number of PWSs that are classified as being in 

significant noncompliance (SNC) (that is, they have serious, repeated or long-standing violations that 

make them a priority for enforcement).

The number of PWSs with significant violations (i.e., health-based, certain monitoring and reporting, or 

certain notification violations) reported to EPA each year remained relatively stable between 2006 and 

2010. The most frequently reported violations continue to be monitoring and reporting violations. This is 

a serious problem because if a system fails to monitor and/or report on the quality of its water, it is 

impossible for PWS operators, regulators and consumers to know whether drinking water standards are 

being met.

The number of PWSs classified as being in SNC (i.e., those with serious, repeated or long-standing 

violations that are priorities for enforcement) continued to decrease in 2010. Beginning in 2006, EPA 

began encouraging primacy agencies to address all violations at each PWS in SNC together rather than 

 1 Small systems are defined in some contexts as serving 3,300 or fewer customers, and in others as serving 10,000 or 

fewer. For purposes of this report, references to small systems always refer to those serving 3,300 or fewer.
2

addressing only the violations related to the rule where SNC was determined. EPA determined that this 

whole-system approach to addressing violations was more effective than the rule by rule approach. This 

accelerated the rate at which primacy agencies responded to violations and returned PWSs to full 

compliance. Primacy agencies were able to use their enforcement resources more efficiently. This 

approach was formalized by the 2009 ERP. The ERP also changed how SNC was defined, so that 

violations of all National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWRs) were considered along with 

the duration of the violations to determine the SNC status for a PWS as a whole rather than for each 

NPDWR. Under the ERP, the number of PWSs in SNC fluctuated initially because the method of 

defining SNC changed, but over time the number of PWSs in SNC has decreased overall. Primacy 

agencies made progress in addressing a backlog of noncompliance and reporting those activities into the 

national data system.

Compliance and Enforcement at PWSs in U.S., Including Indian Country 

Approximately 26 percent of all PWSs in the U.S. had at least one significant violation reported in 2010. 

This rate is comparable to those reported in previous years. Significant violations include health-based 

violations, significant monitoring and reporting violations, and significant notification violations. 

The data submitted by primacy agencies indicate that 7 percent of all PWSs in the U.S., serving 

approximately 23,744,000 users, had violations of health-based standards in 2010.

In 2010, about 16 percent of all PWSs had significant monitoring and reporting violations. 

Compliance and Enforcement in Indian Country 

In 2010, 987 PWS served over 1 million consumers in Indian country. Approximately 48 percent of all 

PWSs in Indian country had at least one significant violation reported in 2010. The rate is lower than in 

2009 and represents a slight downward trend since 2006. However, this compares with 26 percent of 

PWSs in the U.S. as a whole. The PWSs in Indian country consist mainly of smaller PWSs that face 

significant financial and technical challenges in complying with NPDWRs. EPA devotes considerable

financial and staff resources to improve compliance in Indian country, as discussed later in this report.

EPA regions reported that 12 percent of PWSs in Indian country had health-based violations in 2010. 

These systems served 132,291 consumers. This compares with 7 percent in the U.S. as a whole. 

EPA regions reported that 41 percent of PWSs in Indian country had significant monitoring and reporting 

violations in 2010. This compares with 16 percent in the U.S. as a whole.

Source and Quality of Data Used for this Report

The data summarized in this report are housed in the Safe Drinking Water Information System/Federal 

Version (SDWIS/FED). PWSs are required to sample and test their water and report the results to the 

agency with primacy for implementing SDWA–usually the state in which the system is located, or to EPA 

if the system is in Indian country. The primacy agency reviews the test results and other required reports 

and determines whether a violation has occurred. The primacy agency is required by EPA to report all 

violations and enforcement data into SDWIS/FED; a finding of compliance is not required to be reported 

to EPA.

Over the past decade, EPA has evaluated state programs’ data quality by conducting data verification 

audits and triennial national data quality assessments, comparing primacy agencies’ files and records with 

information in SDWIS/FED to verify accuracy, completeness and whether compliance determinations are 
3

made in accordance with federal regulations. The most recently published review of data quality, issued

in 2006, found that data in SDWIS/FED were incomplete; however, the health-based violation data that 

were present in the database were accurate.

In light of known underreporting, EPA recognizes that the findings in this report likely underestimate the 

actual level of noncompliance at PWSs in 2010. EPA continues to work with its state and tribal partners 

to identify and resolve problems that may have produced data discrepancies in the past and to ensure that 

complete and accurate documentation is available to help assess the safety of the nation’s drinking water.

Recommendations

1. Continue to Improve Compliance Rates

States, territories, Navajo Nation, and EPA should continue working together to return violating PWSs to 

compliance as efficiently and effectively as possible. Pursuing the more holistic, systems-based approach 

to addressing noncompliance in all regions and states is an important element of improving performance 

among PWSs.

2. Improve Data Quality

Data quality improvement must remain a high priority for EPA and the primacy agencies. Primacy 

agencies must provide complete and accurate data to the public and to EPA. Without high quality data 

from primacy agencies, EPA cannot fulfill its oversight responsibility to fully assess the state of 

compliance of the nation’s PWSs and to communicate to the public, Congress and other oversight bodies. 

3. Continue to Implement the 2009 Enforcement Response Policy

Primacy agencies will continue to pursue enforcement actions against violating public water systems, 

including those in Indian country, both to expeditiously return violations to compliance and to deter 

future violations. EPA and primacy agencies will continue to implement the revised ERP, and to provide 

training and support as needed.

4. Continue to Develop Capacity at Smaller Public Water Systems

EPA will continue its efforts to support PWSs serving 10,000 or fewer consumers through the capacity 

development program. Recognizing the challenges facing these drinking water systems, EPA provides 

tools and assistance for capacity development, which refers to the technical, financial and managerial 

capacity of a system to provide safe drinking water. The program also provides information about 

treatment technology options for small systems. 

5. Continue to Increase Transparency of Data

EPA believes that raising the public’s awareness of the violations at PWSs will encourage PWSs to 

improve their compliance. In addition to the information in this report, data on the numbers and types of 

PWSs, populations served, source water, violations, enforcement actions and more are presented in 

various other formats on EPA’s public website at the following URLs:

http://water.epa.gov/scitech/datait/databases/drink/sdwisfed/howtoaccessdata.cfm

http://www.epa.gov/enviro/

http://www.epa-otis.gov/echo/compliance_report_sdwa.html
4

Readers should be aware that data in these reports and others using SDWIS data may differ somewhat, 

depending on the specific queries used to generate each report.
5

2010 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report

Introduction

Purpose of Report

The National Public Water Systems Compliance Report (Report) summarizes and evaluates annual 

reports submitted by primacy agencies2 regarding compliance at public water systems (PWSs) of all types 

and sizes in the U.S. in calendar year 2010. The information in this report summarizes PWS 

noncompliance with the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWRs) at the national and 

state levels, and does not provide information about specific water systems. This report is compiled 

annually as required by Section 1414(c)(3)(B) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). The report 

includes the following:

 Part 1: Summary of Compliance and Enforcement at PWSs Throughout the U.S (including those in 

Indian Country)

 Part 2: Summary of Compliance, Enforcement, and Financial Assistance at PWSs in Indian Country

 Part 3: Conclusions and Recommendations

 Appendices: Glossary of Terms and Summaries of Primacy Agency Reports 

Scope of Report

This report discusses the incidence of significant violations at PWSs as defined by the SDWA, that 

occurred between January 1 and December 31, 2010, including:

 All violations of health-based standards, including exceedances of Maximum Contaminant Limits 

(MCLs) and violations of treatment technique (TT) requirements;

 Significant notification violations (i.e., complete failure to provide required notification); and

 Significant monitoring and reporting violations (e.g. where a PWS took no sample or reported no 

results during a compliance period. See Table A-1).

A PWS is a system that provides water for human consumption, if such system has at least 15 service 

connections or regularly serves at least 25 individuals at least 60 days out of the year. EPA does not have 

the authority to regulate private drinking water wells that do not meet the above criteria. Therefore, data 

in this report are for PWSs only.

For purposes of this report, small systems are defined as those serving up to 3,300 customers. PWS size 

is generally associated with a system’s ability to maintain or return to compliance following a violation of 

a NPDWR. In general, large PWSs have greater capacity to maintain compliance than small systems and 

can return to compliance more quickly than small systems. This disparity is often the result of differences 

in financial, administrative, and technical capacity between large and small systems. Small PWSs have a 

smaller customer base to support purchase and installation of needed infrastructure, and to operate and 

maintain the system. Similarly, small PWSs may be unable or unwilling to charge users rates sufficient to 

 2 Federal approval to implement the drinking water program is called primary enforcement authority, or “primacy.” 

The term “primacy agency” includes 55 states, commonwealths, and territories that have been approved to 

implement the drinking water program within their jurisdictions. It also includes the Navajo Nation. During 

calendar year 2010, EPA directly implemented the drinking water program in Wyoming, the District of Columbia, 

and throughout all of Indian country, other than the Navajo Nation. EPA is responsible for reporting violations in 

areas where the Agency directly implements the program.
6

cover the true cost of collecting, treating, and distributing the water. Lack of funding may cause small 

PWSs to delay needed capital improvements. Small PWSs (particularly noncommunity water systems)

are often overseen by part-time administrators who are not environmental professionals, and the pay for 

the system operators may not be adequate to attract and keep someone with the necessary training and 

skills. If there are violations, small PWSs may not have the technical capabilities to correct the 

underlying problems. Because of the relationship between system size and the ability to achieve and 

maintain compliance, some of the findings in this report are discussed in terms of system size. 

EPA’s goal is to ensure that all citizens, including those in Indian country, are provided safe drinking 

water. The Enforcement Response Policy (ERP) for the Public Water System Supervision (PWSS)

Program under the SDWA issued on December 8, 2009 reiterates that formal enforcement action should 

be taken when assistance or informal enforcement action does not effectively return a PWS to compliance 

in a timely manner, regardless of the size, type, owner, operator or location of the system. The ERP 

establishes a framework for prioritizing PWSs for formal enforcement in order to ensure that those with 

the most severe violations are addressed. Systems with the most serious violations or combination of 

frequent or persistent violations are considered to be in significant noncompliance (SNC) and are 

prioritized for enforcement. When determining if a PWS is in SNC, the ERP considers all unresolved 

violations for the past five years. The ERP also provides that all violations at a PWS be addressed by one 

response action, thus returning the PWS to compliance more quickly than was previously done. This 

practice began in 2006 on an ad hoc basis and triggered a decline in the number of PWSs prioritized for 

enforcement. With the inclusion of this practice in the 2009 ERP, EPA expects this decline to continue. 

Data for 2010 confirms this expectation. This national report summarizes the significant violations that 

occurred in the calendar year, but have not returned to compliance.

Source and Quality of Data

EPA acknowledges that the data summarized in this report are incomplete. The data are housed in the 

Safe Drinking Water Information System/Federal Version (SDWIS/FED). Public water systems are 

required to take samples and test their water and report the results to the agency with primacy for 

implementing SDWA—usually the state in which the system is located, or to EPA if the system is in 

Wyoming, the District of Columbia, or Indian country (except for the Navajo Nation). The primacy 

agency reviews the test results and other required reports and determines whether a violation has 

occurred. The primacy agency is required by EPA to enter all violation and enforcement data into Safe 

Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS); a finding of compliance is not required to be entered into 

SDWIS.

EPA has evaluated state programs’ data quality by conducting data verification audits and triennial 

national data quality assessments, comparing primacy agencies’ files and records with information in 

SDWIS/FED to verify accuracy, completeness and whether compliance determinations are made in 

accordance with federal regulations. The most recently published review of data quality, issued in 2006, 

reported the following findings:

 Approximately 81 percent of the maximum contaminant level (MCL) and surface water treatment 

technology (SWTR TT) violations were reported to SDWIS/FED.

 Including lead and copper rule (LCR) TT violations, about 62 percent of health-based (MCL and TT) 

violations were reported to SDWIS/FED, where only 8 percent of LCR TT violations were reported.

 Only approximately 30 percent of the monitoring and reporting violations were reported to 

SDWIS/FED.

 The primary reason for non-reporting was compliance determination error.

 Ninety-four percent (94%) of health-based violation data reported in SDWIS/FED were accurate.
7

 Sixty percent of health-based violations, excluding LCR TT violations, and 30 percent of monitoring 

and reporting violations were reported on time to SDWIS/FED. 

For more information, see the full report, 2006 Drinking Water Data Reliability Analysis and Action 

Plan, at http://www.epa.gov/ogwdw/databases/pdfs/report_data_datareliability_2006.pdf 
8

Part 1. Summary of Compliance and Enforcement at PWSs 

Throughout the U.S. (Including Those in Indian Country)

Inventory of Public Water Systems by Size

The number of PWSs operating in 2010 was 153,000. The proportion of small PWSs to the total number 

of PWSs remained consistent with previous years at 94 percent.

 

Small PWSs comprise the vast majority of all PWSs, but they serve just 12 percent of all consumers. For 

purposes of this report, small PWSs are defined as those serving communities of 3,300 or fewer, as well 

as offices, schools, hospitals, gas stations and parks with their own water systems. Systems serving more 

than 3,300 customers (i.e., medium-sized to very large systems) are grouped together throughout this 

report . 

PWSs with Significant Violations of Any Type

In 2010, about 74 percent (113,284) of PWSs in the U.S., serving approximately 79 percent of the 

population, had no significant violation of any type, as reported by primacy agencies3

. Significant 

violations include all violations of health-based standards, including exceedances of MCLs, Maximum 

Residual Disinfectant Limits (MRDL) and violations of TT rules; certain notification violations (i.e., 

complete failure to provide required notification); and certain monitoring and reporting violations (failure 

to sample or to report results during a compliance period). Significant violations were reported for 

39,716 PWSs in 2010, representing about 26 percent of all active PWSs. This rate remained stable 

between 2006 and 2010. 

 3 All references to populations served throughout this report are approximate, because most receive drinking water 

from more than one system (e.g., at home, at work, at parks or commercial establishments, etc.). Therefore, adding 

the number of users of all system types would result in a number greater than the entire U.S. population.

94%

3% 3%

PWSs in U.S. by Size

Total Number of PWSs = 153,000

Small 

Medium 

Large

12% of 

population

10% of 

population

78% of 

population

Population Served by PWS Size

U.S. Population Served = 317 million

Small

Medium

Large
9

Two-thirds of all significant violations reported were monitoring and reporting violations. The graph 

below shows that the greatest number of PWSs had violations of this type. Note that the total of the 

numbers of systems in the graph below is greater than the 39,716 PWSs that violated at least one 

NPDWR, because some systems violated multiple NPDWRs.

PWSs with Health-Based Violations

EPA’s health-based standards are designed to reduce or eliminate contaminants that can negatively 

impact human health even with limited exposure. Health-based standards include MCLs, MRDL, and 

TTs. An MCL is the highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. An MRDL is the 

42,108 43,826 42,168 42,203 39,716 

27% 28% 27% 28% 26%

- 

5,000 

10,000 

15,000 

20,000 

25,000 

30,000 

35,000 

40,000 

45,000 

50,000 

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Number of PWSs

Note: The total number of systems declined from about 156,182 in 2006 to 153,000 in 2010.

Number and Percentage of PWSs with Significant Violations 

2006-2010

10,054 

24,768 

4,166 

9,994 

7%

16%

3%

7%

- 

5,000 

10,000 

15,000 

20,000 

25,000 

30,000 

Health-based Monitoring and 

Reporting

Consumer 

Confidence

Public 

Notification

Number of PWSs

Number and Percentage of PWSs with Significant 

Violations by Violation Type - 2010

Total Number of PWSs = 153,000
10

highest level of a disinfectant that is allowed in the drinking water. A TT is a required treatment process 

(such as filtration or disinfection) intended to prevent the occurrence of or deactivate a contaminant in 

drinking water. TTs are adopted where it is not economically or technologically feasible to monitor the 

level of a contaminant, such as microbes, where even single organisms that occur unpredictably or 

episodically can cause adverse health effects.

It is important to note that when a PWS violates a health-based standard, the consumers of that system 

may be at an increased risk of illness depending upon several factors, including the type and 

concentration of the contaminant, and the duration and the magnitude of the exceedance. PWSs that 

exceed MCLs or MRDLs are required to notify their consumers about the possibility of these increased 

health risks.

Based on data reported by primacy agencies, 93 percent of PWSs (142,946) had no reported violations of 

health-based standards. Conversely, 7 percent of PWSs (10,054) had reported health-based violations. 

These PWSs with reported health-based violations served approximately 23.7 million consumers in 2010.

Public Water Systems with Significant Monitoring and Reporting Violations

If a system does not monitor the quality of its water, it is impossible for consumers and primacy agencies 

to know whether the water being served is meeting health-based standards. For this reason, a system’s 

failure to monitor and report for an entire compliance period is a significant violation that must be 

addressed and corrected. In 2010, about 16 percent of all PWSs (24,768) had significant monitoring and 

reporting violations (this was lower than the 18 percent of all PWS in 2009). Approximately 56 percent 

of the 24,768 PWSs in 2010 had at least one violation of monitoring and reporting requirements of the 

Total Coliform Rule. Unlike the other NPRWDRs, the TCR applies to all PWSs with many PWSs 

monitoring multiple times a year; thus increasing the likelihood of the primacy agency reporting a TCR 

violation. This is important as it can indicate nationally when PWSs may have difficulty complying with 

a particular rule.

Contaminant-Related Violations Reported Most Frequently

In 2010, primacy agencies reported 17,294 health-based violations at 10,054 PWSs. In 2010, primacy 

agencies reported 88,401 significant monitoring and reporting violations. Monitoring and reporting 

violations for the Chemical Contaminant Group were the most frequent monitoring and reporting 

violations, at 57 percent. The higher frequency of monitoring and reporting violations for the Chemical 

Contaminant Group is likely because a single monitoring sample may be used for various inorganic and 

organic contaminants. Compliance with many organic and inorganic standards is determined on the basis 

of a sample being analyzed for multiple contaminants, with one missed sample resulting in monitoring 

and reporting violations for each of those contaminant standards. 

The following graph shows the rates at which significant violations were reported to have occurred in 

2010, by rule. The rules or rule categories in the graph are:

 Chem (Chemical Contaminant Group)–This category includes rules for organic, synthetic organic, 

volatile organic, inorganic (except for lead and copper), and radioactive contaminants. 

 TCR -- Total Coliform Rule

 SWR (Surface Water Rules) -- This category includes the long-term interim enhanced surface water 

treatment rule (LTIESWTR), surface water treatment rule (SWTR), interim enhanced surface water 

rule (IESWTR) and filter backwash recycling rule (FBRR).

 LCR -- Lead and Copper Rule
11

 DBPR -- Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule

 GWR - Ground Water Rule.

As context for the total number of violations occurring in a year, it is important to note that PWSs are 

subject to numerous rules and standards, depending on their size, type, and source of water. A large 

system may be required to sample as many as 480 times in one month under the TCR, with the potential 

for 5,760 health-based violations in a year for that rule at that one system. A small PWS may be required 

to sample just once a month under the same rule. Similarly, failure to take one required sample that is 

used to test for multiple contaminants results in separate monitoring and reporting violations for each 

contaminant tested for in the sample. 

PWSs with Violations of Variances or Exemptions

Under Federal law, EPA and primacy agencies can grant variances or exemptions to PWSs in limited 

circumstances allowing them to install alternative technology or giving them more time to meet a 

standard if public health is adequately protected in the interim. Fourteen violations of variances or 

exemptions were reported by primacy agencies during 2010. 

Primacy Agencies and EPA Response to Violations

Assistance 

Primacy agencies and EPA engage in a variety of compliance, financial and technical assistance activities 

to help PWSs remain in and/or return to compliance. These activities are often generic and ongoing, 

while others are targeted to specific systems or NPDWRs. Examples include:

 Conducting on-site visits and sanitary surveys at PWSs (e.g., an on-site review of the water sources, 

facilities, equipment, operations, and maintenance to evaluate their adequacy in producing and 

distributing safe drinking water);

 Helping PWSs identify and implement preventive measures;

 Providing financial assistance for system improvements through the Drinking Water State Revolving 

Fund;

 Reviewing water system plans and specifications;

 Conducting training sessions;

25%

48%

2%

8%

16%

1%

57%

24%

10%

1%

5%

3%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Chem TCR LCR SWR DBPR GWR

Percent of Violations

Significant Contaminant-Related Violations by Type - 2010

Number of Health-based Violations = 17,294

Number of Monitoring and Reporting Violations = 88,401 

Health-based Monitoring and Reporting
12

 Holding public information meetings;

 Lending specialized monitoring equipment, such as handheld equipment; and

 Publishing information and providing training events and other educational opportunities.

PWSs often return to compliance on their own without assistance or other primacy agency response.

Informal Enforcement

When a drinking water violation is identified and a PWS does not resolve its violation on its own, or 

compliance assistance does not return the violating system to compliance, EPA program implementation 

guidelines direct the primacy agency to initiate an enforcement response. Generally, the primacy 

agency’s first response to violations are informal actions such as field visits, reminder letters, telephone 

calls, warning letters, and notices of violation. 

Formal Enforcement

If a violation continues or recurs, the primacy agency must initiate a formal enforcement response that 

requires the violating PWS to return to compliance under an enforceable timetable. Formal enforcement 

responses include citations, administrative orders with or without penalties, civil referrals to state attorney 

generals or to the U.S. Department of Justice, filing criminal charges, and other sanctions. The timetable 

establishes when a PWS must have taken all corrective actions needed to return to compliance. This may 

be years, particularly when new construction and/or equipment are needed to return a PWS to 

compliance. If there is risk to public health, EPA and the state can issue emergency orders that require 

the PWS to immediately take action to protect public health and return the system to compliance. 

Prioritization of Systems for Enforcement

Prior to 2010, EPA prioritized PWSs for enforcement if they met the criteria for “SNC” as defined for 

each NPDWR or rule. A system could be considered to be in SNC for one or more NPDWRs but not for 

others. Enforcement actions might be initiated for particular violations at a system but not for other 

violations at the same system.

Beginning in 2010, EPA and primacy agencies began implementing the revised ERP, which changed the 

prioritization process to one that is more protective of public health. The policy lays out expectations for 

timely and appropriate enforcement response. All unresolved violations not already under formal 

enforcement at each PWS are considered in the prioritization process. Acute health-based violations are 

weighted most heavily in the prioritization with minor violations weighted least. PWSs are then ranked 

according to the seriousness of their violations. This ranking allows primacy agencies to distinguish the 

systems with the most serious noncompliance and to allocate enforcement resources accordingly. More 

detail about the prioritization and expectations for primacy agencies can be found in the ERP on EPA’s 

website at http://www.epa.gov/enforcement/water/documents/policies/drinking_water_erp_2009.pdf

Both prioritization processes described above were employed during 2010, as the enforcement program 

transitioned from the old process to the new one. 

About 9 percent of all PWSs were in SNC at least once during 2010. Approximately 4-6 percent of all 

PWSs were in SNC in any given quarter, with a general decrease over the calendar year.
13

In 2010, primacy agencies initiated 8,722 enforcement actions4 in response to drinking water violations at 

PWSs in their jurisdictions. The enforcement actions counted in this report are a subset of all possible 

enforcement actions, which include some formal enforcement actions and other actions that may return a 

system to compliance. The vast majority of these actions were taken by primacy states. EPA has primacy 

in Wyoming, the District of Columbia, and in Indian country, except for the Navajo Nation. EPA’s 

actions were primarily in these areas where it has primacy. EPA also initiates enforcement action in 

primacy states, often at a state’s invitation.

It is important to note that the number of enforcement actions in a year does not necessarily correlate with 

the violations that are reported in the same year. Most violations are resolved without the need for 

enforcement action of any kind. Many enforcement actions are initiated against violations that occurred 

in a previous year. One enforcement action may address numerous violations at the same system. It is 

also important to note that it may take several years for a system to return to full compliance once an 

enforcement action is initiated, such as when new treatment technology must be financed, procured, 

installed and brought online.

 4 For purposes of this report, formal enforcement actions include a variety of administrative, civil and criminal 

actions, and other actions that primacy agencies use to address violations. 

3966 4254

5570

4609

8598

148 178 350 50 124

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Number of Enfocement Actions

State and EPA Enforcement* Actions at PWSs

2006-2010

States EPA

*Enforcement actions counted in this report include a combination of 

administrative, civil and criminal actions and other actions needed to return a PWS 

to compliance.
14

Part 2. Summary of Compliance, Enforcement, and Financial 

Assistance at PWSs in Indian Country

Implementation of SDWA in Indian Country

Federally-recognized Tribes may apply for eligibility to receive primary enforcement authority (known as 

primacy) to administer the drinking water program provided they meet the requirements of Sections 1413 

and 1451 of SDWA. As of 2010, only the Navajo Nation had sought and received primacy for most 

PWSs on the Navajo Reservation. EPA administers the drinking water program in the rest of Indian 

country. 

The data presented in this section of the report are for PWSs in the Navajo Nation, and elsewhere in 

Indian country where EPA has primacy (excluding compliance data for Alaska Native Villages outside of 

Indian country). The Alaska Native Villages are not located in Indian country; therefore, the state of 

Alaska is the primacy agency with oversight of these water systems. Similarly, compliance figures for 18

PWSs located in Oklahoma are not included in this section of the report. Primacy over these facilities 

depends upon the Indian country status of those facilities. That status is currently under review by EPA. 

Therefore, this information can be found in the state reports for Alaska and Oklahoma, respectively. 

However, the states do not separate tribal information from non-tribal information in their state reports.

Inventory of PWSs by Size in Indian Country

In 2010, 987 PWSs served over 1 million users in Indian country. Small PWSs comprised 91 percent of 

all PWSs in Indian country. These small PWSs served approximately 43 percent of the people who 

received water from PWSs. This is in contrast to the U.S. as a whole including Indian country, where 

small PWSs comprise 94 percent of all PWSs and serve approximately 12 percent of all consumers. The 

percentage of small PWSs in Indian country with violations is greater than the percentage of small PWSs 

outside of Indian country with violations. Thus, consumers of PWSs in Indian country are 

disproportionately affected by noncompliance challenges shared by small PWSs outside of Indian 

country.

 

91%

7% 2%

PWSs in Indian Country by Size in 

2010

Total Number of PWSs = 987

Small

Medium

Large

43%

31%

26%

Population Served in Indian 

Country by PWS Size in 2010

Total Population Served = 1,191,390

Small

Medium

Large
15

PWSs with Significant Violations of Any Type in Indian Country

In 2010, primacy agencies reported that 52 percent or 509 of the 987 PWSs in Indian country, serving 

approximately 688,750 consumers, had no significant violation of any type. Conversely, 48 percent of 

PWSs had at least one significant violation (including any health-based, certain monitoring and reporting, 

and certain notification violations) reported, almost twice the rate outside of Indian country (26 percent). 

This rate has been comparable from 2006-2010, the period for which trends were calculated. Some 

fluctuation from one year to the next is expected due to the large number of systems and potential 

violations. In addition, some fluctuation may be due to the cyclical nature of the chemical contaminant 

group monitoring requirements , which are on a three year schedule. EPA considers this percent of 

significant violations to be too high, and that further actions are necessary to improve noncompliance.

498 454 

520 

433 478 

60% 55% 63% 52% 48%

- 

100 

200 

300 

400 

500 

600 

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Number of PWSs

Note: The total number of systems in Indian Country fluctuated between 

817 and 987 systems from 2006-2010.

Number and Percentage of PWSs with Significant Violations 

in Indian Country

2006-2010

26%

48%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

U.S. including Indian County Indian Country Alone

Percent of Systems

Systems with Significant Violations - 2010

Number of Systems in U.S. including Indian Country = 153,000

Number of Systems in Indian Country Alone = 987
16

The types of violations reported by the 478 PWSs (48 percent) are shown below. Significant monitoring 

and reporting violations comprise the most frequently reported violations of all types in Indian country 

and outside of Indian country.

Note that the total number of PWSs in the graph is greater than the 478 PWSs that violated at least one 

NPDWR because some systems violated multiple NPDWRs.

PWSs with Health-Based Violations in Indian Country

Twelve percent of PWSs (115 systems) in Indian country had health-based violations in 2010. These 

PWSs served 132,291 or 11 percent of consumers in 2010.

PWSs with Significant Monitoring and Reporting Violations in Indian Country

If a PWS does not monitor the quality of its water, it is impossible to know if drinking water standards are 

being met. For this reason, a PWS’s significant failure to monitor and report is a major violation that must 

be addressed and corrected. Overall the most frequently reported violations are significant monitoring 

and reporting violations, both inside Indian country and outside. In 2010, 41 percent (405 PWSs) in 

Indian country had significant monitoring and reporting violations. 

Contaminant-Related Violations Reported Most Frequently in Indian Country

The most frequently reported contaminant-related violation among all PWSs in Indian country was

monitoring and reporting under the Chemical Contaminant Group (86 percent). Exceedances of the MCL 

for the Chemical Contaminant Group were the most frequently reported health-based violations, making 

up 52 percent of all health-based violations.

115 

405 

141 

3 

12%

41%

14%

<1% - 

50 

100 

150 

200 

250 

300 

350 

400 

450 

Health-based Monitoring and 

Reporting

Consumer 

Confidence

Public Notification

Number of PWSs

Number and Percentage of PWSs with Significant Violations 

in Indian Country by Violation Type - 2010

Total Number of Systems = 987
17

PWSs with Violations of Variances or Exemptions in Indian Country

No violations of variances or exemptions were reported by the primacy agencies for Indian country 

during 2010. 

EPA Response to Violations in Indian Country

In 2010, EPA devoted significant financial and staff resources to improve compliance in Indian country.

Assistance 

Primacy agencies and EPA engage in a variety of compliance, financial and technical assistance activities 

to help PWSs remain in and/or return to compliance. These activities are often generic and ongoing, 

while others are targeted to specific PWSs. Examples include:

 Conducting on-site visits and sanitary surveys at PWSs (e.g., an on-site review of the water sources, 

facilities, equipment, operations, and maintenance to evaluate their adequacy in producing and 

distributing safe drinking water);

 Helping PWSs identify and implement preventive measures;

 Providing financial assistance for system improvements through the Drinking Water State Revolving 

Fund;

 Reviewing water system plans and specifications;

 Conducting training sessions;

 Holding public information meetings;

 Lending specialized monitoring equipment, such as handheld equipment; and

 Publishing information and providing training events and other educational opportunities.

EPA coordinates many of these activities with other Federal agencies, including the Indian Health 

Service, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the Bureau of Reclamation. In addition, nongovernmental organizations and inter-tribal consortia, including the Native American Water Association, 

the National Rural Water Association, and the Rural Community Assistance Partnership work with EPA 

and the tribal water system officials to meet the SDWA requirements.

52%

27%

0%

10% 11%

1%

86%

5% 3% 1% 4% 1%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Chem TCR LCR SWR DBPR GWR

Percentage of Violations

Significant Contaminant-Related Violations in

Indian Country - 2010

Number Health-based Violations = 271

Number of Monitoring and Reporting Violations = 6382 

Health-based Monitoring and Reporting
18

Enforcement

When a PWS in Indian country fails to meet the requirements of the SDWA and implementing 

regulations, EPA first tries to return the system to compliance using compliance assistance. Enforcement 

actions are taken if compliance assistance does not remedy the violation or an emergency action is 

required to immediately protect public health.

If enforcement action is appropriate, EPA can initiate administrative orders, including emergency 

administrative orders, and refer civil and criminal cases to the Department of Justice. The “EPA Policy 

for the Administration of Environmental Programs on Indian Reservations” (EPA Indian Policy, 11/8/84) 

and the “Guidance on the Enforcement Principles Outlined in the 1984 Indian Policy”" (EPA 

Enforcement Principles) guide the Agency's approach to bringing civil administrative or judicial 

enforcement actions in Indian country. 

Prioritization of PWSs for Enforcement5

Prior to 2010, EPA prioritized PWSs for formal enforcement if they met the criteria for “SNC” as defined 

for each NPDWR. A PWS may have been considered to be in SNC for one or more NPDWRs but not for 

others. Enforcement actions may have been initiated for particular violations at a system but not for other 

violations at the same system.

Beginning in 2010, EPA and primacy agencies began implementing the revised ERP, which changed the 

prioritization process to one that is more protective of public health. The policy also lays out expectations 

for timely and appropriate enforcement response. All unresolved violations at each PWS are considered 

in the prioritization process. Acute health-based violations are weighted most heavily in the prioritization 

with minor reporting violations weighted least. All PWSs are ranked according to the weight of their 

unresolved violations. This ranking allows primacy agencies to distinguish the PWSs with the most 

serious noncompliance and to allocate enforcement resources accordingly. The ERP can be found on 

EPA’s website at 

http://www.epa.gov/enforcement/water/documents/policies/drinking_water_erp_2009.pdf

Both processes described above were employed during 2010, as the enforcement program transitioned 

from the old process to the new one. 

About 24 percent of all PWSs in Indian country were in SNC at least once during 2010. Approximately 

11-19 percent of all systems in Indian country were in SNC in any given quarter, with a general decrease 

over the calendar year. These rates are more than twice those at PWSs in the U.S. as a whole.

In 2010, EPA took 18 enforcement actions at tribal PWSs.

It is important to note that the number of enforcement actions in a year does not necessarily correlate with 

the violations that are reported in the same year. Most violations are resolved without the need for 

enforcement action of any kind. Many enforcement actions are initiated against violations that occurred 

in a previous year. One enforcement action may address numerous violations at the same PWS. It is 

also important to note that it may take several years for a PWS to return to full compliance once an 

enforcement action is initiated, such as when new treatment technology must be financed, procured, 

installed and brought online.

 5 Enforcement actions counted in this report include a variety of administrative, civil and criminal actions, and other 

actions that primacy agencies use to address violations.
19

Financial Assistance to PWSs in Indian Country

EPA provides financial assistance to tribes to help build water system infrastructure and improve 

compliance with SDWA. 

From the national PWSS programs allotment for FY2010 EPA set aside $6,803,100 for activities in 

Indian country. These funds are available to support tribes that have received primacy, assist tribes with 

the development of primacy programs and individual components of PWSS programs, and support direct 

implementation activities in Indian country where EPA is the primacy agency. These funds are used for 

activities such as:

 Providing technical assistance to owners and operators of water systems; 

 Maintaining compliance data systems; 

 Compiling and analyzing compliance information; 

 Responding to violations; 

 Certifying laboratories; and

 Conducting sanitary surveys.

EPA distributes funds to improve the infrastructure of PWSs to achieve compliance. Each year, 2 percent

of the appropriation for the national Drinking Water State Revolving Fund program is set aside for 

American Indian communities and Alaska Native Villages. The FY 2010 set-aside amounted to 

$27,740,000. These funds are used for:

 Distribution and transmission system improvements;

 Community water system extensions;

 Storage facilities;

 Treatment improvements; and

 Construction of new pumphouses.
20

Part 3. Conclusions and Recommendations

Compliance and Enforcement at U.S. Public Water Systems

The data reported by primacy agencies indicate that 74 percent of PWSs in the U.S. had no significant 

violation of any type. Conversely, 26 percent of PWSs did have at least one significant violation. That 

rate was less than 28 percent of PWSs in 2010, but the rate remained fairly constant between 2006 and 

2010, the period for which trends were calculated.

The data reported by primacy agencies indicate that 7 percent of PWSs, serving about 23.7 million 

consumers, had violations of health-based standards in 2010. EPA believes that these rates are too high 

and that additional efforts are necessary to improve compliance.

In 2010, about 24,768, or 16 percent, of all PWSs had significant monitoring and reporting violations. 

This was decrease of 18 percent of all PWSs in 2009. Failure to monitor and report prevents systems and 

consumers from knowing whether drinking water standards are being met.

Prior to 2010, EPA prioritized PWSs for enforcement if they met the criteria for “SNC” as defined for 

each NPDWR or rule. Beginning in 2010, EPA and primacy agencies began implementing the revised 

ERP, which changed the prioritization process to one that is more protective of public health. While both 

approaches to determining SNC use the same SDWIS data reported by primacy agencies, the differences 

between the pre-2010 and 2010 make annual trend comparisons difficult. However, using the new 

approach under the ERP, trends on a quarterly basis for 2010 show a general decrease for the calendar 

year were approximately 4-6 percent of all PWSs were in SNC in any given quarter with about 9 percent 

of all PWSs were in SNC at least once during 2010.

Compliance and Enforcement at Public Water Systems in Indian Country 

In 2010, primacy agencies reported that 48 percent of PWSs (478) in Indian country had a significant 

violation of some type. This rate fluctuated somewhat since 2006, ranging from 48-61 percent. These 

rates are consistently and significantly higher in Indian country than outside of Indian country. EPA is 

working to address these rates through effectively implementing the 2009 ERP and OECA‘s Guidance on 

the Enforcement Principles Outlined in the 1984 Indian Policy. Consultation with tribes, civil inspections 

and enforcement activity should ensure the same degree of protection of human health and environmental 

protection in Indian country as elsewhere in the U.S. 

EPA regions reported that 12 percent of the PWSs in Indian country had health-based violations in 2010.

EPA regions reported that 41 percent of PWSs in Indian country had significant monitoring and reporting 

violations in 2010. This is of concern because if a system does not monitor and report on the quality of 

its water, it is impossible to know if health-based standards are being met.

About 24 percent of all PWSs in Indian country were in SNC at least once during 2010. Approximately 

11-19 percent of all systems in Indian country were in SNC in any given quarter, with a general decrease 

over the calendar year. These rates are more than twice those at PWSs in the U.S. as a whole.

Conclusions
21

The rates at which significant violations occur, according to data provided by primacy agencies, was 

substantially unchanged from 2008 and in fact over five years for which trends were calculated. EPA 

considers these rates to be too high, and that further actions are necessary to improve noncompliance.

However, the number of PWSs in SNC decreased steadily over the past five years. This reflects efforts 

on the part of EPA and states to provide assistance and other informal means to prevent noncompliance, 

address violations in a timely manner, and return violating PWSs to compliance as expeditiously as 

possible. Nevertheless, EPA believes that violation rates are still too high and that additional efforts are 

necessary to improve compliance. 

EPA recognizes that drinking water systems in Indian country are much more likely than those outside of 

Indian country to be in SNC. EPA is increasing its efforts to prevent and address noncompliance in 

Indian country in an effort to reduce the disparity. 

Compliance statistics are based on violations reported by primacy agencies to SDWIS. EPA is aware of 

inaccuracies and underreporting of some data in this system. EPA is working with the primacy agencies

to improve the quality of the data.

Recommendations

1. Continue to Improve Compliance 

States, territories, Navajo Nation, and EPA should continue working together to return violating systems 

to compliance, as efficiently and effectively as possible. Pursuing the more holistic, systems-based 

approach to addressing noncompliance in all primacy agencies is an important element of improving 

performance among PWSs.

2. Improve Data Quality

Data completeness and accuracy must remain a high priority for EPA and the primacy agencies. Without 

high quality data from primacy agencies, EPA cannot fulfill its responsibility to fully assess the state of 

compliance of the nation’s PWSs and to communicate to the public, Congress and other oversight bodies. 

Some of the next steps EPA, states, and the drinking water stakeholders have agreed to undertake include:

 Providing online error reporting on EPA’s ECHO (Enforcement and Compliance History Online, 

http://www.epa-echo.gov/echo/) website containing data on PWS compliance; 

 Encouraging states to issue annual reminders to water systems of their compliance monitoring 

schedules;

 Negotiating grant conditions with several states to encourage them to follow quality assurance/quality 

control plans for drinking water violation data reported to EPA and address the differences in 

interpretation of the regulation; and

 Working with all states to implement the EPA Order CIO 2105.0 dealing with requirements for 

quality management systems.

3. Continue to Implement the 2009 Enforcement Response Policy

Primacy agencies will continue to pursue enforcement actions against violating PWSs, including those in 

Indian country, both to expeditiously return violations to compliance and to deter future violations. EPA 

and primacy agencies will continue to implement the 2009 ERP, which has already resulted in a 

decreasing in the number of PWSs in SNC. 
22

EPA will continue to work with primacy agencies as they implement the ERP providing training and 

support as needed.

4. Continue to Develop Capacity at Smaller Public Water Systems

EPA will continue its efforts to support PWSs serving 10,000 or fewer consumers through the capacity 

development program. Recognizing the challenges facing these drinking water systems , EPA provides 

tools, assistance, for capacity development, which refers to the technical, financial and managerial 

capacity of a system to provide safe drinking water. The program also provides information about 

treatment technology options for small systems. EPA’s capacity development includes:

 Conduct numerous assistance activities, such as on-site visits and the distribution of easy-to-read 

guides and checklists.

 The Local Government Environmental Assistance Network (LGEAN) website, a source of free 

information on current and developing SDWA requirements (as well as technical assistance, peer 

counseling, and financial guidance). LGEAN can be accessed on the internet at www.lgean.org or by 

calling toll-free 1-877-TO-LGEAN (865-4326). 

 The Financing for Environmental Compliance website providing financial and technical assistance 

resources to help communities create a plan to finance environmental capital assets. The website can 

be accessed at: http://www.epa.gov/compliance/assistance/financing/steps.

 Tools and resources assisting small PWSs with implementing drinking water regulations and 

managing their PWSs while providing adequate public health protection can be accessed at 

http://water.epa.gov/type/drink/pws/smallsystems/index.cfm.

5. Continue to Increase Transparency of Data

EPA believes that raising the public’s awareness of the violations at PWSs will encourage PWSs to 

improve their compliance. In addition to the information in this report, data on the numbers and types of 

PWSs, populations served, source water, violations, enforcement actions and more are presented in 

various other formats on EPA’s public website at the following URLs:

http://water.epa.gov/scitech/datait/databases/drink/sdwisfed/howtoaccessdata.cfm

http://www.epa.gov/enviro/

http://www.epa-otis.gov/echo/compliance_report_sdwa.html

Readers should be aware that data in these reports and others using SDWIS data may differ somewhat, 

depending on the specific queries used to generate each report.
A-1

Appendix A

Glossary of Terms

Administrative Order

Formal enforcement actions issued by EPA or a state requiring action to address noncompliance at a 

public water system, usually by means of a compliance schedule with enforceable milestone dates.

Chemical Rules

Refers collectively to regulations that protect the public from unsafe levels of organic chemicals, 

inorganic chemicals (including lead and copper), and radioactivity in drinking water.

Community Water System

A PWS that serves at least 15 service connections used by year-round residents or regularly serves at least 

25 year-round residents (e.g., homes, apartments and condominiums that are occupied year-round as 

primary residences).

Consumer Confidence Rule (CCR)

Requires community water systems to prepare and provide to their consumers annual consumer 

confidence reports on the quality of the water delivered by the systems.

Disinfectant/Disinfection By-Product Rule (DBPR)

Applies to community water systems and nontransient non-community systems, including those serving 

fewer than 10,000 people, that add a disinfectant to the drinking water during any part of the treatment 

process. The Stage 1 DBPR specifically addresses risks associated with disinfectants and disinfection 

byproducts. This rule was published concurrently with the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment 

Rule (IESWTR), which addresses control of microbial pathogens.

Enforcement Response Policy (ERP)

On December 8, 2009, EPA issued the Public Water System Supervision Program Enforcement Response 

Policy (ERP), which establishes a water system-based approach to defining, prioritizing, and addressing 

noncompliance with federal requirements. The ERP can be found on EPA’s website at 

http://www.epa.gov/enforcement/water/documents/policies/drinking_water_erp_2009.pdf

Federally-recognized Indian Tribe

An Indian tribe, band, nation, pueblo, community, or Alaska Native Village that the Secretary of the 

Interior acknowledges to exist as an Indian tribe pursuant to the Federally Recognized Indian Tribe List 

Act of 1994, 25 U.S.C. Section 479a. Maintained by the Department of the Interior, the list of federallyrecognized tribes is updated periodically and published in the Federal Register. The latest list of federallyrecognized Indian tribes is available at 75 Federal Register (FR) 60810 (October 1, 2010).

Filter Backwash Recycle Rule (FBRR)

The FBRR requires PWSs that recycle to return specific recycle flows through all processes of the 

system’s existing conventional or direct filtration systems or at an alternative location approved by the 

state.
A-2

Ground Water Rule (GWR)

The GWR establishes a risk-targeted approach to identify Ground Water Systems (GWSs) susceptible to 

fecal contamination and requires corrective action to correct significant deficiencies and source water 

fecal contamination in public GWSs.

Health-based Violation

A violation of either a Maximum Contaminant Level, Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level, or a 

Treatment Technique requirement.

Indian Country

Indian Country means a) all land within the limits of any Indian reservation under the jurisdiction of the 

United States Government, notwithstanding the issuance of any patent, and, including rights-of-way 

running through the reservation, (b) all dependent Indian communities within the borders of the United 

States whether within the original or subsequently acquired territory thereof, and whether within or

without the limits of a state, and (c) all Indian allotments, the Indian titles to which have not been 

extinguished, including rights-of-way running through the same.

Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR)

Applies to PWSs using surface water, or groundwater under the direct influence of surface water, that 

serve more than 10,000 persons. The rule also includes provisions for states to conduct sanitary surveys 

for surface water PWSs regardless of system size.

Large System

For purposes of this report, large systems are those public water systems that serve more than 10,000 

people.

Lead and Copper Rule (LCR)

Requires a PWS to take steps to minimize the risk of exposure to lead and copper in drinking water by 

monitoring for these contaminants, installing corrosion control where required, and, where necessary, 

educating the public about ways to reduce exposure. A system may also be required to treat its source 

water or replace lead service lines.

Maximum Contaminant Level

The maximum permissible level of a contaminant in water delivered to any user of a public water system.

Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level

The maximum permissible level of a residual disinfectant in water delivered to any user of a public water 

system.

Monitoring and Reporting Violation

Refers to either a violation of a monitoring and reporting schedule or violation of contaminant-specific 

minimum testing schedules and operational reporting requirements. Those monitoring and reporting 

violations considered “significant” for the purposes of the state and national PWS compliance reports are 

described below in Table A–1.

Non-transient Non-community Water System

A non-community PWS that regularly serves at least 25 of the same persons over six months per year. A 

typical example of a non-transient non-community water system is a school or an office building that has 

its own water source, such as a drinking water well.
A-3

Primacy

The SDWA requires EPA, states, and Tribes to work as partners to ensure delivery of safe drinking water 

to the public. Any state or Indian Tribe can request responsibility for operation and oversight of the 

drinking water program within its borders. In order to receive this responsibility (called “primary 

enforcement authority” or “primacy”), a state or Tribe must show that, among other things, it has adopted 

drinking water regulations that are at least as stringent as Federal regulations, and demonstrate its capacity 

both to enforce those regulations and to implement other activities necessary to ensure compliance.

In the absence of state or Tribal primacy, EPA assumes responsibility for administering the drinking 

water program for that area. Of the 56 eligible States (defined to include Commonwealths, Territories, 

and the District of Columbia), all but Wyoming and the District of Columbia have primacy. During 

calendar year 2010, the EPA Regional Offices administered the drinking water program within these two 

jurisdictions and on all Tribal lands, except for the Navajo Nation.

Public Notice (PN) Rule

The PN Rule requires all PWSs to notify their consumers any time a PWS violated a national primary 

drinking water regulation or has a situation posing a risk to public health. Notices must be provided to 

persons served (not just billing consumers).

Public Water System (PWS)

A system for the provision to the public of water for human consumption through pipes or other 

constructed conveyances, if such system has at least 15 service connections or regularly serves at least 25 

individuals at least 60 days out of the year. A public water system can be either a community water 

system, a non-transient non-community water system, or a transient non-community water system.

Radionuclides

Radioactive particles, such as radium-226, radium-228, gross alpha, and beta particle/photon 

radioactivity, can occur naturally in water or may result from human activity. EPA has established MCLs 

for uranium, beta/photon emitters, alpha emitters, and combined radium 226/228.

Significant Noncompliance

Violating PWSs identified as those that are the highest priority for enforcement. All unresolved 

violations not already under formal enforcement at each system are considered in the prioritization 

process. Acute health-based violations are weighted most heavily in the prioritization with minor 

violations weighted least. 

Significant Violations

Significant violations include all violations of health-based standards, including exceedances of 

Maximum Contaminant Limits (MCLs), Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL), and violations 

of treatment technique rules; certain notification violations (i.e., complete failure to provide required 

notification); and major monitoring and reporting violations (failure to sample or to report results during a 

compliance period).

Small PWSs

Small systems, for purposes of this report, are those that serve no more than 3,300 people.

Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR)

The Surface Water Treatment Rule requires a public water system served by surface water or by 

groundwater under the influence of surface water to take steps (such as disinfection, filtration followed by 

disinfection, or watershed control) to reduce potential exposure to microbiological contamination.
A-4

Total Coliform Rule (TCR)

The Total Coliform Rule establishes limits on coliform bacteria in water distribution systems. Although 

coliform bacteria, which are found in decaying organic material and in the intestinal tract of humans and 

animals, are usually not harmful to human health, their presence may indicate the presence of other, more 

dangerous microbial contamination.

Transient Non-community Water System

A non-community water system that regularly serves at least 25 people (but not the same 25) over six 

months per year. A typical example is a campground or a highway rest stop that has its own water source, 

such as a drinking water well.

Treatment Technique

In cases where EPA has determined it is not technically or economically feasible to establish an MCL, the 

Agency can instead specify a treatment technique. These are treatment methods required by EPA to 

minimize the level of a contaminant in drinking water.

Variances and Exemptions

A public water system that cannot comply with a drinking water standard because of poor source water 

quality, or, in the case of small PWSs, inadequate financial resources, can be granted a variance to 

comply with less stringent, but still protective standards based on a specific EPA-approved technology 

available to the system. An exemption allows a PWS with compelling circumstances (including economic 

considerations) additional time to achieve compliance with applicable SDWA requirements, so long as 

public health is adequately protected.
A-5

TABLE A-1: SIGNIFICANT MONITORING AND REPORTING VIOLATIONS FOR 

ANNUAL STATE PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM REPORTS

Rule Violation Type Description

SDWIS 

Violation 

Code1

SDWIS 

Contaminant 

Code

Total Coliform Rule

Major routine No samples collected during a compliance 

period. 23 3100

Major repeat No follow-up samples collected after a positive 

total coliform sample or no speciation. 25 3100

Surface Water Treatment 

Rule

Major (filtered) Collected less than 90 percent of samples 

required during a compliance period. 36 200

Major (unfiltered) Collected less than 90 percent of samples 

required during a compliance period. 31 200

Interim Enhanced 

Surface Water Treatment 

Rule/ 

Long Term 1

Major

Failure to produce and/or report to state 

individual filter profile within 7 days of 

exceedance (>0.5 NTU in 2 consecutive 

measurements taken 15 minutes apart).

29

300

Major

Failure to produce and/or report to state 

individual filter profile within 7 days of 

exceedance (>1.0 NTU in 2 consecutive 

measurements taken 15 minutes apart).

Major

Failure to conduct and/or report to state a selfassessment of an individual filter within 14 days 

of exceedance (>1.0 NTU in 2 consecutive 

measurements taken 15 minutes apart in each of 

3 consecutive months).

Major

Failure to have a CPE conducted by state or third 

party no later than 30 days after exceedance (>2.0 

NTU in 2 consecutive measurements taken 15 

minutes apart in 2 consecutive months) and have 

the CPE completed and submitted to the state no 

later than 90 days following the exceedance.

Major Failure to collect and report at least 90 percent of 

required samples.

38

Major

Failure to report that the system has conducted 

all individual filter monitoring to the state within 

10 days after the end of each month.

Major

Failure to report that the system has exceeded 1.0 

NTU (or maximum set by state) in representative 

samples by end of next business day.

N/A Failure to maintain the results of individual filter 

monitoring for at least 3 years. 9

Lead and 

Copper Rule

Initial lead and 

copper tap

Either failed to collect the initial tap samples, 

and then failed to correct that omission within a) 

3 months for large systems, b) 6 months for 

medium systems or c) 12 months for small

systems; or failed to submit the associated report.

51 5000

Follow-up or routine 

lead and copper tap Failure to collect 1 or more required samples. 52 5000
A-6

TABLE A-1: SIGNIFICANT MONITORING AND REPORTING VIOLATIONS FOR 

ANNUAL STATE PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM REPORTS

Rule Violation Type Description

SDWIS 

Violation 

Code1

SDWIS 

Contaminant 

Code

Stage 1 Disinfection 

Byproducts Regular monitoring Failure to collect any required samples2

. 27, 30, 35 By contaminant

Ground Water Rule Monitoring Monitoring of Treatment (unfiltered/GWR) 31

C

h

e

m

Phase I, II, IIB and 

V Rules Regular monitoring Failure to collect any required samples2

. 03, 04 By contaminant

Radionuclides Regular monitoring Failure to collect any required samples2. 03, 04

4000, 4100, 

4010, 4006, 

4101, 4102, 4174

1

2

EPA’s Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS/FED) makes no distinction between the sampling violations and the reporting violations 

associated with a sample collection requirement. Both violations are reported under the same violation code.

Failure to collect “any required sample” means none of the required samples were collected.
A-7

TABLE A-2: SUMMARY OF DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS FOR 

PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS DURING 2010

Applicability of Regulations

Contaminant/Rule Community Water Systems Non-Transient NonCommunity Water Systems

Transient Non-Community 

Water Systems

Organic Contaminants All

All (Note: acrylamide and 

epichlorohydrin do not have 

MCLs and only have treatment 

techniques)

None

Total Trihalomethanes 

Contaminants (TTHM)

All PWSs, using surface water or 

ground water under the direct 

influence of surface water 

(GWUDI), which disinfect their 

water (a.k.a. Subpart H systems)

All PWSs, using surface water 

or GWUDI, which disinfect 

their water (a.k.a. Subpart H 

systems) 

All PWSs, using surface water 

or GWUDI, which disinfect 

their water (a.k.a. Subpart H 

systems)

Inorganic Contaminants 

(IOCs) All

Prior to the 2001 Arsenic Rule, 

all IOCs except for arsenic. 

After the 2001 Arsenic Rule all 

IOCs.

None

Nitrate and Nitrite 

Contaminants All All All

Radionuclide Contaminants All None None

Total Coliform Rule All All All

Surface Water Treatment

Some 

Only PWSs using surface water or 

GWUDI

Some 

Only PWSs using surface water 

or GWUDI

Some 

Only PWSs using surface water 

or GWUDI

Lead and Copper Rule All All None

Interim Enhanced Surface 

Water Treatment Rule

For sanitary surveys all PWSs 

using surface water or GWUDI; 

for other requirements those 

systems serving 10,000 or more 

people

For sanitary surveys all PWSs 

using surface water or GWUDI; 

for other requirements those 

systems serving 10,000 or more 

people

For sanitary surveys all PWSs 

using surface water or GWUDI; 

for other requirements those 

systems serving 10,000 or more 

people

Stage 1 

Disinfectant/Disinfection ByProduct Rule

All PWSs adding a disinfectant to 

the drinking water

All PWSs adding disinfectant to 

the drinking water

Those PWSs using chlorine 

dioxide 

Filter Backwash Recycling 

Rule

Conventional or direct filtration 

PWSs using surface water or 

GWUDI and recycle spent filter 

backwash, thickener supernatant, 

or liquids from dewatering 

processes

Conventional or direct filtration 

PWSs using surface water or 

GWUDI and recycle spent filter 

backwash, thickener 

supernatant, or liquids from 

dewatering processes

Conventional or direct filtration 

PWSs using surface water or 

GWUDI and recycle spent filter 

backwash, thickener 

supernatant, or liquids from 

dewatering processes

Ground Water Rule

All PWSs that use ground water, 

including consecutive systems, 

except that it does not apply to 

PWS that combine all of their 

ground water with surface water or 

with ground water under the direct 

influence of surface water prior to 

treatment.

All PWSs that use ground water, 

including consecutive systems, 

except that it does not apply to 

PWS that combine all of their 

ground water with surface water 

or with ground water under the 

direct influence of surface water 

prior to treatment.

All PWSs that use ground 

water, including consecutive 

systems, except that it does not 

apply to PWS that combine all 

of their ground water with 

surface water or with ground 

water under the direct influence 

of surface water prior to 

treatment.

Public Notification All All All

Consumer Confidence Rule All None None
B-1

Appendix B 

Summaries of State Annual

Compliance Reports

This Appendix presents a summary of each primacy agency report in a standardized format. The format includes an 

overall summary of the violations data specified in Section 1414 of the 1996 SDWA Amendments (i.e., violations 

with respect to MCLs, TT violations, significant monitoring and reporting requirements, significant notification 

violations and variances and exemptions).

This Appendix does not interpret the state reports. Therefore, other factors must be taken into account before drawing 

conclusions about a program. For example, PWSs are required to report all violations to the primacy agency, but 

drinking water programs vary in the regulations they choose to emphasize. A primacy agency that decided to focus 

attention and resources on one particular rule may have discovered and reported many more violations of that rule 

than a primacy agency that chose to focus on a different rule. A disproportionate number of violations in a state, 

Commonwealth, Territory, or tribe could also indicate that the primacy agency needs to work with its PWSs to 

improve their compliance. Readers are cautioned to view the violations data provided in the summaries within the 

context of each primacy agency and its individual drinking water program.

In 2010, EPA received Public Water System Compliance Reports from 43 of the 55 primacy states, Commonwealths, 

Territories and tribes. As in past years, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and Navajo Nation did 

not submit reports and, with limited exceptions, did not supply information to SDWIS/FED. EPA did not receive 

reports from 8 primacy agencies as indicated in Table B-1. Appendix B supplies what information is available in 

SDWIS/FED to indicate violations at public water systems in the states, Commonwealths, Territories and tribes that 

did not submit compliance reports in 2010.

EPA prepared reports for the District of Columbia and Wyoming, which did not have primary enforcement 

responsibility for drinking water in calendar year 2010.

Violations for 2010

EPA summarizes the number of MCL/ MDRL,TT and significant monitoring and reporting violations1 reported by 

each state in six categories:

• Violations of chemical contaminant requirements6

• Violations of the Total Coliform Rule

• Violations of the Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, Long Term 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

• Violations of the Lead and Copper Rule

• Significant Notification or Consumer Confidence Rule Violations

• Violations of the Disinfection/Disinfectant Byproducts Rule.

 1 A comprehensive definition of significant monitoring and reporting violations appears in Appendix A.

6 MCL and significant monitoring violations for organic, inorganic, total trihalomethane (TTHM), nitrate and nitrite, and radionuclide contaminants. 
B-2

EPA summarizes the numbers of individual public water systems in violation in each of these six categories, as 

reported by the state. If a state’s report did not include information in a category, EPA’s summary notes the omission.

2010 Totals

EPA also summarizes the total number of systems in each state, the total number of significant violations reported and 

the total number of PWSs in violation, if the state reported this information. When states did not provide information 

on the total number of public water systems, EPA supplied that information from the SDWIS/FED.

Systems in Violation

Systems in Violation is defined as the number of different systems with a reported violation of this type. Some states 

counted a system with multiple violations or violations in more than one category as one violating system. Other states 

counted a violating system each time it had a violation, or once for each of the regulatory categories in which it had a 

violation. If EPA’s review of a state’s report indicated some violating systems were counted more than once, an 

asterisk notes that the state’s number possibly over counts violating systems.

Variances and Exemptions

Fourteen violations of variances or exemptions were reported by the primacy agencies during 2010. 

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual Public Water Systems Report

If a primacy agency’s report includes information on how to obtain a copy of the report, the information is provided 

on the primacy agency’s summary page in this Appendix.
B-3

Table B-1: Summary of Elements Reported in the 2010 State Reports

State

Submitted 

Report

Violation Categories

Reported 

on V/E

Provided 

Inventory 

Information

Identified 

Size and 

Type of 

Violating 

Systems

Discussed 

Compliance 

and 

Enforcement 

Responses

Identified 

Each System 

with MCL 

and TT 

Violations

Provided 

Information 

to Public 

on 

Availability

Provided 

Additional 

Information CCR MCL M/R 1 TT

Alabama X X X X X X X X

Alaska X X X X X X X X X X X X

American 

Samoa DID NOT SUBMIT REPORT.

Arizona DID NOT SUBMIT REPORT.

Arkansas X X X X X X X X X X X X

California DID NOT SUBMIT REPORT.

Colorado X X X X X X X X X

Connecticut X X X X X X X X X X X X

Delaware X X X X X X X X X X X

District of 

Columbia X X X X X X X X X X X

Florida X X X X X X X X X

Georgia X X X X X X X X

Guam DID NOT SUBMIT REPORT.

Hawaii X X X X X X X X X X

Idaho DID NOT SUBMIT REPORT.

Illinois X X X X X X X X X X X

Indiana X X X X X X X X X X X X

Iowa X X X X X X X X X X X X

Kansas X X X X X X X X X X X

Kentucky X X X X X X X X X X

Louisiana DID NOT SUBMIT REPORT.

Maine X X X X X X X

Maryland X X X X X X X X X X X

Massachusetts X X X X X X X X X X

Michigan X X X X X X X X X X

Minnesota X X X X X X X X X X

Mississippi X X X X X X X X X

Missouri X X X X X X X X X X

Montana X X X X X X

Nebraska X X X X X X X X X X

Nevada X X X X X X X X X

New Hampshire X X X X X X X X X X X X

New Jersey X X X X X X X X X

New Mexico X X X X X X X X X X

New York X X X X X X X X X X

North Carolina X X X X X X X X X

North Dakota X X X X X X X X

Northern 

Mariana Islands X X X X X X X X X

Ohio X X X X X X X X X

Oklahoma X X X X X X X X X

Oregon X X X X X X X X

Pennsylvania X X X X X X X X X X X

Puerto Rico X X X X X X X X X X

Rhode Island X X X X X X X X X

South Carolina X X X X X X X X X X X

South Dakota X X X X X X X X X
B-4

Table B-1: Summary of Elements Reported in the 2010 State Reports

State

Submitted 

Report

Violation Categories

Reported 

on V/E

Provided 

Inventory 

Information

Identified 

Size and 

Type of 

Violating 

Systems

Discussed 

Compliance 

and 

Enforcement 

Responses

Identified 

Each System 

with MCL 

and TT 

Violations

Provided 

Information 

to Public 

on 

Availability

Provided 

Additional 

Information CCR MCL M/R 1 TT

Tennessee X X X X X X X X X X

Texas DID NOT SUBMIT REPORT.

Utah X X X X X X X X X

Vermont X X X X X X X X X X X X

Virgin Islands DID NOT SUBMIT REPORT.

Virginia X X X X X X X X X X X

Washington X X X X X X X X X X X X

West Virginia X X X X X X X X X X

Wisconsin X X X X X X X X X

Wyoming X X X X X X X X X X

1. An "x" in this column indicates the state submitted more information in its report than the minimum EPA recommends in guidance.
B-5

Table B-2: Summary of the Total Number of Regulated Systems, Systems with Significant

Violations and Significant Violations Reported in the 2010 State Reports or SDWIS/FED

State

Total 

Number of 

Regulated 

Systems

Total Number of 

Systems with 

Significant 

Violations

Total 

Number of 

Significant 

Violations State

Total 

Number of 

Regulated 

Systems

Total Number of 

Systems with 

Significant 

Violations

Total 

Number of 

Significant 

Violations

Alabama NR NR 199 Navajo Nation 163 46 160

Alaska 1,556 667 5,610* Nebraska 1,319 NR 596

American Samoa 16 12 535 Nevada 558 207 1,064

Arizona 1,573 868 2,444 New Hampshire 2,483 NR 1,415

Arkansas 1,111 330 622 New Jersey 3,950 NR 2,694

California 7,781 1,307 2,276 New Mexico 1,195 685 1,022*

Colorado NR NR 2,646 New York 8,979 3,967 7,069

Connecticut 2,605 1,452** 3,171 North Carolina 6,139 NR 5,211

Delaware 496 62 180 North Dakota 512 74 138*

District of Columbia 10 4 7 Northern Mariana Islands 75 NR 964

Florida 5,534 630 1,695* Ohio NR NR 2,861

Georgia NR NR 1,469 Oklahoma 1,641 1,122 2,519

Guam 9 1 1 Oregon NR 1,130 3,962

Hawaii 130 23 59 Pennsylvania 9,298 2,611 12,330*

Idaho 1,957 592 2,112 Puerto Rico 490 NR 2,321

Illinois 5,761 635 4,838 Rhode Island 490 134 168*

Indiana 4,221 1,475 3,327* South Carolina 1,448 152 240*

Iowa 1,966 488** 1,020* South Dakota 652 228 867*

Kansas 1,035 339 398 Tennessee 853 150 280

Kentucky NR 143 668 Texas 6,961 2,746 5,442

Louisiana 1,410 381 630 Utah NR NR 4,172

Maine 1,875 NR 1,250 Vermont 1,367 NR 666

Maryland 3,559 NR 1,404 Virgin Islands 305 167 370

Massachusetts NR NR 1,159 Virginia 2,852 779 2,282

Michigan 11,302 1,955 4,037* Washington 4,133 1,016 11,983

Minnesota 7,128 NR 423 West Virginia 929 NR 330

Mississippi NR 210 356 Wisconsin 11,444 NR 1,851

Missouri 2,797 NR 2,056 Wyoming 787 190 288

Montana NR 670 3,420

*The total number of violations in the report differs from the calculated total.

** Possible over counting of violating systems.
B-6

State Report Summaries

Contents

Alabama .........................................................B-7

Alaska ................................................................................. B-8

American Samoa................................................................. B-9

Arizona ..............................................................................B-10

Arkansas ............................................................................B-11

California...........................................................................B-12

Colorado ...........................................................................B-13

Connecticut .......................................................................B-14

Delaware ...........................................................................B-15

District of Columbia .........................................................B-16

Florida ...............................................................................B-17

Georgia .............................................................................B-18

Guam ................................................................................B-19

Hawaii ...............................................................................B-20

Idaho .................................................................................B-21

Illinois ...............................................................................B-22

Indiana ..............................................................................B-23

Iowa ..................................................................................B-24

Kansas ...............................................................................B-25

Kentucky ...........................................................................B-26

Louisiana ..........................................................................B-27

Maine ............................................................................... B-28

Maryland ...........................................................................B-29

Massachusetts ...................................................................B-30

Michigan ...........................................................................B-31

Minnesota .........................................................................B-32

Mississippi ........................................................................B-33

Missouri ............................................................................B-34

Montana ............................................................................B-35

 

Navajo Nation .................................................................. B-36

Nebraska .......................................................................... B-37

Nevada ............................................................................. B-38

New Hampshire ............................................................... B-39

New Jersey ....................................................................... B-40

New Mexico ..................................................................... B-41

New York ......................................................................... B-42

North Carolina ................................................................. B-43

North Dakota .................................................................... B-44

Northern Mariana Islands ................................................. B-45

Ohio ................................................................................. B-46

Oklahoma ......................................................................... B-47

Oregon ............................................................................. B-48

Pennsylvania .................................................................... B-49

Puerto Rico ...................................................................... B-50

Rhode Island .................................................................... B-51

South Carolina ................................................................. B-52

South Dakota .................................................................... B-53

Tennessee ......................................................................... B-54

Texas ................................................................................ B-55

Utah .................................................................................. B-56

Vermont ........................................................................... B-57

Virgin Islands ................................................................... B-58

Virginia ............................................................................ B-59

Washington ...................................................................... B-60

West Virginia ................................................................... B-61

Wisconsin ......................................................................... B-62

Wyoming .......................................................................... B-63
B-7

State of Alabama 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 108 8*

Total Coliform Rule 25 25 28 18

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

0 0 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 11 11

Consumer Confidence Report 1 1

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 26 13 0 0 0 0

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

NR 

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR 

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

199

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Alabama’s 2010 State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Contact Name: Tom DeLoach

Telephone: (334) 279-7791

Fax: (334) 279-3051

E-mail: tsd@adem.state.al.us

Web site: http://www.adem.state.al.us
B-8

State of Alaska 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 7 5 3,608 104

Total Coliform Rule 30 26 747 426

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

121 48 291 75

Lead and Copper Rule 13 12 403 225

Consumer Confidence Report 39 21

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 91 28 4 3 256 126

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

2010

Total Number of

1,556 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

667

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

5610*

Violations

*The total number of violations in the report (5,620) differs from the calculated total (5,610) because of the inclusion of the 10 public notification violations.

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Alaska’s 2010 State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Dept of Environmental Conservation

Drinking Water Program

555 Cordova Street

Anchorage, AK 99501

Contact Name: Jeanine Oakland

Telephone: (907) 269-2007

Facsimile: (907) 269-7650

Email: jeanine.oakland@alaska.gov

Contact Name: Kelly Cobbs

Telephone: (907) 269-7630

Facsimile: (907) 269-7655

Email: kelly.cobbs@alaska.gov

Web site: http://www.dec.state.ak.us/eh/dw/index.htm
B-9

State of American Samoa 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group NR NR 384 10*

Total Coliform Rule 60 8 5 4

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

67 5 NR NR

Lead and Copper Rule NR NR 5 5

Consumer Confidence Report 5 5

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 3 1 NR NR 3 1

Ground Water Rule NR NR 3 2

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

16

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

12

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

535

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

EPA did not receive the 2010 Annual Report prior to January 20, 2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
B-10

State of Arizona 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 261 80* 489 273*

Total Coliform Rule 83 74 924 512

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

NR NR NR NR

Lead and Copper Rule NR NR 465 236

Consumer Confidence Report 222 120

Disinfection Byproducts Rule NR NR NR NR NR NR

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

1,573 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

868

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

2,444 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

EPA did not receive the 2010 Annual Report prior to January 20, 2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
B-11

State of Arkansas 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 26 8* 0 0

Total Coliform Rule 93 70 234 154

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

19 10 29 10

Lead and Copper Rule 17 15 51 35

Consumer Confidence Report 65 57

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 65 33 0 0 10 8

Ground Water Rule 2 7 11 6

* Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

1,111 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

330

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

622

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Arkansas’ State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site.

Web site: http://www.healthy.arkansas.gov/programsServices/environmentalHealth/Engineering/Pages/ReportsandForms.aspx
B-12

State of California 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 486 195* 27 24*

Total Coliform Rule 407 305 344 271

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

136 61 15 8

Lead and Copper Rule 7 6 378 342

Consumer Confidence Report 358 277

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 102 36 8 8 8 7

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

7,781 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

1,307 Systems in Violation

Total Number of

2,276 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

EPA did not receive the 2010 Annual Report prior to January 20, 2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
B-13

State of Colorado 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 386 60 1,402 144

Total Coliform Rule 38 28 272 205

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

51 27 77 44

Lead and Copper Rule 1 1 107 73

Consumer Confidence Report 43 34

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 102 21 4 2 137 84

Ground Water Rule 0 0 26 26

2010

Total Number of

NR

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

2,646 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Colorado’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment

Water Quality Control Division

Attention: Annual Compliance Report

CADM-B2

4300 Cherry Creek Drive South

Denver, CO 80246

Rick Koplitz

WQCD Drinking Water Compliance Assurance Unit

Telephone: (303) 692-3664

Email: rick.koplitz@state.co.us

Web site: http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/wq/drinkingwater
B-14

State of Connecticut 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 79 22 2,126 193

Total Coliform Rule 212 159 391 305

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

0 0 4 4

Lead and Copper Rule 12 11 101 97

Consumer Confidence Report 142 114

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 0 0 31 18

Ground Water Rule 11 10 62 49

2010

Total Number of

2,605 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

1,452* Systems in Violation

Total Number of

3,171 Violations

* Possible over counting of violating systems.

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Connecticut’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site and clicking on the "Publications/Reports" button on the left column: 

Web site: http://www.ct.gov/dph/publicdrinkingwater
B-15

State of Delaware 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 25 17 0 0

Total Coliform Rule 50 39 0 0

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

1 1 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 2 2 29 24

Consumer Confidence Report 67 21

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 2 2 NR NR 0 0

Ground Water Rule NR NR 4 4

State report gives different counts in several tables, counts from the tables that list the systems in violation are shown here. 

2010

Total Number of

496

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

62

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

180

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Delaware’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Office of Drinking Water

Division of Public Health

43 S. DuPont Hwy.

Dover, DE 19901

Telephone: (302) 741-8630

Fax: (302) 741-8631

Web site: http://www.dhss.delaware.gov/dhss/dph/hsp/odw.html
B-16

District of Columbia 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 0 0

Total Coliform Rule 2 1 0 0

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

0 0 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 0 0

Consumer Confidence Report 0 0

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 1 1 0 0 4 4

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

2010

Total Number of

10

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

4

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

7

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:

District of Columbia's State Report is available by contacting:

Wendy Gray, P.E.

Acting District of Columbia PWSS Direct Implementation Team Leader

Drinking Water Branch (3WP21)

U.S. EPA Region III

1650 Arch Street

Philadelphia, PA 19103-2029

Telephone: (215) 814-5673

Fax: (215) 814-2302

E-mail: gray.wendy@epa.gov

Web site: http://www.epa.gov/reg3wapd/drinking/dc.htm
B-17

State of Florida 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 27 15 696 126

Total Coliform Rule 132 116 358 280

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

0 0 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 3 3 47 43

Consumer Confidence Report 6 6

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 235 64 0 0 173 85

Ground Water Rule 0 0 18 16

2010

Total Number of

5,534 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

630

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

1,695* Violations

*The total number of violations in the report (1,727) differs from the calculated total (1,695) because of the inclusion of the 32 public notification violations.

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Florida’s State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by writing to:

2600 Blair Stone Road, MS 3520

Tallahassee, Florida 32399-2400

Web site: http://www.dep.state.fl.us/water/drinkingwater
B-18

State of Georgia 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 37 34* 2 1

Total Coliform Rule 79 70 460 349

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

0 0 2 2

Lead and Copper Rule 3 2 355 290

Consumer Confidence Report 480 408

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 24 10 16 16 11 11

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

*Possbile over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

NR

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

1,469 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Georgia’s State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:

Department of Natural Resources

Environmental Protection Division

Drinking Water Data Management/Reporting Unit

2 Martin Luther King, Jr. Drive, Suite 1362 East

Atlanta, GA 30334

Attention: Christopher Smith

Telephone: (404) 651-5162

Email: chris.smith@dnr.state.ga.us

Web site: http://www.gaepd.org
B-19

Guam 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group NR NR NR NR

Total Coliform Rule NR NR NR NR

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

NR NR NR NR

Lead and Copper Rule NR NR 1 1

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR

Disinfection Byproducts Rule NR NR NR NR NR NR

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

2010

Total Number of

9

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

1

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

1

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

EPA did not receive the 2010 Annual Report prior to January 20, 2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
B-20

State of Hawaii 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 48 16*

Total Coliform Rule 1 1 7 7

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

0 0 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 2 2 1 1

Consumer Confidence Report 0 0

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ground Water Rule 0 0 0 0

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

130

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

23

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

59

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Hawaii’s State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:

Hawaii Department of Health

Environmental Management Division

Safe Drinking Water Branch

919 Ala Moana Boulevard, Room 308

Honolulu, HI 96814-4920

Attention: Joanna L. Seto, P.E., Environmental Program Manager

Telephone: (808) 586-4258

Fax: (808) 586-4351

E-mail: sdwb@doh.hawaii.gov

Web site: http://Hawaii.gov/health/environmental/sdwb/index.html
B-21

State of Idaho 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 173 51* 1,146 156*

Total Coliform Rule 163 129 327 246

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

20 10 25 15

Lead and Copper Rule 1 1 86 72

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 9 3 NR NR 95 54

Ground Water Rule 31 31 36 28

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

1,957 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

592

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

2,112 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

EPA did not receive the 2010 Annual Report prior to January 20, 2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
B-22

State of Illinois 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 234 108* 3,941 222*

Total Coliform Rule 107 100 181 160

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

15 14 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 3 3 71 64

Consumer Confidence Report 65 60

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 43 26 4 1 172 127

Ground Water Rule 0 0 2 2

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

5,761 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

635

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

4,838 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Illinois’ State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:

Illinois EPA

Bureau of Water, Compliance Assurance Section

1021 North Grand Avenue East

Springfield, IL 62794

Contact: Mike Crumly

Email: mike.crumly@illinois.gov

Telephone: (217) 785-0561

Fax: (217) 557-1407

Web site: http://www.epa.state.il.us/water/compliance/drinking-water/compliance-report/index.html
B-23

State of Indiana 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 52 38* 990 380*

Total Coliform Rule 349 301 1,290 952

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

5 3 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 5 5 65 51

Consumer Confidence Report 85 77

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 21 7 4 2 40 22

Ground Water Rule 4 3 103 91

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

4,221 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

1,475 Systems in Violation

Total Number of

3,327* Violations

*The total number of violations in the report (3,327) differs from the calculated total (3,013).

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Indiana's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Indiana Department of Environmental Management

Office of Water Management 

Drinking Water Branch

Web site: http://www.in.gov/idem/5093.htm

Telephone: (317) 234-7430 or (317) 234-7435
B-24

State of Iowa 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 88 37 191 136

Total Coliform Rule 231 124 425 216

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

3 2 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 2 2 25 12

Consumer Confidence Report 18 18

Disinfection Byproducts Rule** 1 1 0 0 37 35

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

* Possible over counting of violating systems.

**TTHM and HAA are included in the Chemical Contaminant Group.

2010

Total Number of

1,966 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

488*

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

1,020** Violations

* Possible over counting of violating systems. 

*The total number of violations in the report (1,020) differs from the calculated total (1,021).

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Iowa's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Iowa Department of Natural Resources-Water Supply

401 SW 7th St., Suite M

Des Moines, IA 50309-4611

Facsimile: (515) 725-0348
B-25

State of Kansas 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 114* 44 1 1

Total Coliform Rule 66** 58** 22** 9**

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

33 11 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 31 29

Consumer Confidence Report 32 32

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 84 29 12 4 0 0

Ground Water Rule 1 1 2 2

* Summary table indicates 111 violations, but adding the violation categories results in 114.

**State report gives different counts in multiple places, counts from the summary table are shown here. Note that the tables 

listing the violating systems has the Monitoring and Reporting and MCL numbers inverted.

2010

Total Number of

1,035 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

339

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

398

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Kansas’ State Report is available by accessing the state’s Web site: 

Web site: http://www.kdheks.gov/pws
B-26

Commonwealth of Kentucky 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 1 1 402 18

Total Coliform Rule 23 21 19 7

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

17 13 11 2

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 49 34

Consumer Confidence Report 48 30

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 70 27 5 3 23 11

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

2010

Total Number of

NR

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

143

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

668

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Kentucky's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Frank Hall

Telephone: (502) 564-3410 ext. 4959

Web site: http://www.water.ky.gov/DrinkingWater/Pages/AnnualComplianceReports.aspx
B-27

State of Louisiana 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 6 6 NR NR

Total Coliform Rule 82 72 43 42

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

10 5 49 6

Lead and Copper Rule NR NR 250 222

Consumer Confidence Report 105 86

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 40 15 10 7 13 8

Ground Water Rule NR NR 22 20

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

1,410 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

381

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

630

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

EPA did not receive the 2010 Annual Report prior to January 20, 2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
B-28

State of Maine 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 51 19* 220 178*

Total Coliform Rule 226 121 657 421

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

0 0 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 32 29

Consumer Confidence Report 3 3

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 41 13 NR NR 20 20

Ground Water Rule** NR NR NR NR

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

** Maine's reporting system does not allow for tracking of Groundwater Rule violations. Failure to monitor violations are entered as 

TC Failure to Monitor violations. 

2010

Total Number of

1,875 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

1,250 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

The state report did not provide information regarding public availability.
B-29

State of Maryland 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring*

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 60 37 229 136**

Total Coliform Rule 323 238 446 215

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

7 7 10 5

Lead and Copper Rule 39 39 75 70**

Consumer Confidence Report 69 68

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 82 6 0 0 64 28

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

*Monitoring and Reporting violations are only reported for PWSs in Montgomery, Price George's and Wicomico Counties.

**Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

3,559 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

1,404 Violations

Where to Obtain 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

The 2010 state report did not provide information regarding public availability.
B-30

Commonwealth of Massachusetts 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 17 11 715 81

Total Coliform Rule 223 138 94 48

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

1 1 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 73 69 5 5

Consumer Confidence Report 25 24

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 5 4 1 1 0 0

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

2010

Total Number of

NR

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

1,159 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Massachusetts' 2010 State Report is available by accessing the state's web site:

Web site: http://www.mass.gov/dep/water/drinking.htm
B-31

State of Michigan 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 117 113 2,477 504

Total Coliform Rule 414 367 852 690

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

0 0 1 1

Lead and Copper Rule 2 2 111 108

Consumer Confidence Report 3 3

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 9 2 1 1 30 16

Ground Water Rule 2 2 9 7

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

11,320 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

1,955 Systems in Violation

Total Number of

4,037* Violations

*The total number of violations in the report (4,037) differs from the calculated total (4,028) because of the inclusion of the 9 public notification violations.

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Michigan’s State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Noncommunity Drinking Water Program

Environmental Health Programs Unit

Drinking Water and Environmental Health Section (DWEHS)

Mr. Daniel Dettweiler

Telephone: (517) 241-1373

E-mail: dettweilerd@michigan.gov

Community Drinking Water Unit

Drinking Water and Environmental Health Section (DWEHS)

Ms. Kristen Philip

Telephone: (517) 241-1238

E-mail: philipk@michigan.gov

Web site: http://www.michigan.gov/deq

Click Water, then Drinking Water, then Community Water Supply
B-32

State of Minnesota 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 83 83* 8 6

Total Coliform Rule 210 210* 66 54

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

9 9* 11 7

Lead and Copper Rule NR NR 17 17*

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR

Disinfection Byproducts Rule NR NR NR NR 19 17

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

* Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

7,128 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

423

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Minnesota's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Minnesota Department of Health

Division of Environmental Health

Drinking Water Protection Section

625 North Robert Street

P.O. Box 64975

St. Paul, MN 55164-0975

Telephone: (651) 201-4700

Web site: http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/eh/water/com/dwar/report10.html
B-33

State of Mississippi 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 42 2

Total Coliform Rule 48 43 35 27

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

0 0 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 2 2 30 29

Consumer Confidence Report 107 85

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 47 19 0 0 45 38

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

2010

Total Number of

NR

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

210

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

356

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

The 2010 State Report did not provide information regarding public availability.
B-34

State of Missouri 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 118 22* 214 203*

Total Coliform Rule 292 234 1,003 567

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

3 2 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule NR NR 121 117

Consumer Confidence Report 63 63

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 36 11 0 0 8 8*

Ground Water Rule 23 22 175 142

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

2,797 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

2,056 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Missouri’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Missouri Department of Natural Resources

Water Protection Program

Public Drinking Branch

P.O. Box 176

Jefferson City, MO 65102-0176

Telephone: (800) 361-4827 or (573) 751-5331

Web site: http://www.dnr.mo.gov/env/wpp/dw-index.htm
B-35

State of Montana 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 51 21 2,531 229

Total Coliform Rule 162 122 460 309

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

19 10 8 5

Lead and Copper Rule 3 3 74 67

Consumer Confidence Report 82 72

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 20 9 0 0 10 5

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

2010

Total Number of

NR

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

670 

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

3,420 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Montana’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

P.O. Box 200901

Helena, MT 59620-0901

Contact: Eugene Pizzini

Telephone: (406) 444-6972

Fax: (406) 444-1375

Email: epizzini@mt.gov

Web site: http://www.deq.mt.gov/wqinfo/pws/index.asp
B-36

Navajo Nation 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 4 4* NR NR

Total Coliform Rule 13 12 60 25

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

NR NR NR NR

Lead and Copper Rule NR NR 8 8

Consumer Confidence Report 71 25

Disinfection Byproducts Rule NR NR NR NR NR NR

Ground Water Rule NR NR 4 4

* Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

163

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

46

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

160

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:

EPA did not receive the 2010 Annual Report prior to January 20, 2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
B-37

State of Nebraska 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 186 75* 12 22*

Total Coliform Rule 255 194 109 101

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

1 1 2 2*

Lead and Copper Rule 4 4

Consumer Confidence Report 1 1

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 14 6 2 1 10 4*

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

* Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

1,319 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

596

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:

Nebraska’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services

Division of Public Health

301 Centennial Mall South

P.O. Box 95026

Lincoln, NE 68509-5026

Contact: Jo Ann Wagner

Telephone: (402) 471-2541

Fax: (402) 471-6436

Email: joann.wagner@nebraska.gov

Web site: http://www.dhhs.ne.gov/enh/pwsindex.htm
B-38

State of Nevada 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group NR NR 227 91

Total Coliform Rule NR NR NR NR

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

NR NR NR NR

Lead and Copper Rule NR NR NR NR

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR

Disinfection Byproducts Rule NR NR NR NR 16 16

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

2010

Total Number of

558

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

207

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

1,064 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Nevada's State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or visiting county libraries in the state.

Web site: http://ndep.nv.gov/BSDW/oversight.htm
B-39

State of New Hampshire 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 93 41* 491 60

Total Coliform Rule 202 157 376 283

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

1 1 1 1

Lead and Copper Rule 12 12 21 20

Consumer Confidence Report 48 45

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 25 5 1 1 87 83

Ground Water Rule 6 6 51 49

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

2,483 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

1,415 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

New Hampshire’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services

Water Division, Drinking Water and Groundwater Bureau

29 Hazen Drive

PO Box 95

Concord, NH 03302-0095

Contact: Terri Sabbia

Telephone: (603) 271-2923

Email: theresa.sabbia@doit.nh.gov

Web site: http://des.nh.gov/organization/divisions/water/dwgb/annual_report.htm
B-40

State of New Jersey 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 89 32* 1,612 408*

Total Coliform Rule 390 251 281 205

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

1 1 36 34

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 47 47

Consumer Confidence Report 0 0

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 5 2 1 1 57 27

Ground Water Rule NR NR 175 NR

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

3,950 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

2,694 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

The 2010 State Report did not provide information regarding public availability.
B-41

State of New Mexico 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 143 55 114 6

Total Coliform Rule 74 58 167 104

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

26 11 19 4

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 166 122

Consumer Confidence Report 274 190

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 7 2 12 10 18 12

Ground Water Rule 2 2 0 0

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

1,195 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

685

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

1,022* Violations

*The total number of violations in the report (2,166) differs from the calculated total (1,022) partially because of the

inclusion of the 1,170 public notification violations.

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

New Mexico’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

New Mexico Environment Department Drinking Water Bureau

Telephone: (877) 654-8720

Web site: http://www.nmenv.state.nm.us/dwb/
B-42

State of New York 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group NR NR NR NR

Total Coliform Rule NR NR NR NR

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

NR NR NR NR

Lead and Copper Rule NR NR NR NR

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR

Disinfection Byproducts Rule NR NR NR NR NR NR

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

2010

Total Number of

8,979 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

3,967 Systems in Violation

Total Number of

7,069 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

New York's State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

New York State Department of Health

Telephone: (800) 458-1158 or (518) 402-7650

Email: bpwsp@health.state.ny.us

Web site: http://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/water/drinking/violations/2010/2010_compliance_report.htm
B-43

State of North Carolina 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 46 29* 2,642 2396*

Total Coliform Rule 248 193 1,382 818

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

0 0 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 146 137

Consumer Confidence Report 71 71

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 154 52 0 0 293 131

Ground Water Rule 1 1 228 96

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

6,139 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

5,211 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

North Carolina's State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Public Water Supply Section

1634 Mail Service Center

Raleigh, NC 27699-1634

Attention: Hornlean Chen

Telephone: (919) 715-3222

E-mail: Hornlean.Chen@ncdenr.gov

Website: http://www.deh.enr.state.nc.us/pws/reportspubs.htm
B-44

State of North Dakota 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 17 5 1 1

Total Coliform Rule 19 16 68 52

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

0 0 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 3 3

Consumer Confidence Report 0 0

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 3 2 0 0 24 23

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

2010

Total Number of

512

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

74

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

138*

Violations

*The total number of violations in the report (138) differs from the calculated total (135).

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

North Dakota’s State Report is available by contacting:

North Dakota Department of Health

Division of Municipal Facilities

918 E Divide Avenue, 3rd Floor

Bismarck, ND 58501-1947

Attention: LeeAnn Tillotson

Telephone: (701) 328-5211 or (701) 328-5293

Fax: (701) 328-5200

E-mail: ltillots@nd.gov

Web site: http://www.ndhealth.gov/mf
B-45

Northern Mariana Islands 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 940 5

Total Coliform Rule 5 4 4 4

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

NR NR NR NR

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 8 4

Consumer Confidence Report 6 6

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 0 0 1 1

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

2010

Total Number of

75

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

964

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Northern Mariana Islands report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

CNMI Division of Environmental Quality

Safe Drinking Water Branch

P.O. Box 501304

Saipan, MP 96950

Telephone: (670) 664-8500/01

Fax: (670) 664-8540

Contact: Mr. Frank M. Rabauliman - Director

Email: frankrabauliman@deq.gov.mp

Contact: Jose M. Kaipat - Manager

Email: josekaipat@deq.gov.mp

Contact: Ms. Juliana Dela Rosa, SDWIS Administrator

Email: julianadelarosa@deq.gov.mp

Website: http://www.deq.gov.mp/section.aspx?secID=5

Click on 2010 Annual Public Water System Compliance Report
B-46

State of Ohio 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 52 22 695 183

Total Coliform Rule 395 287 811 636

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

2 2 11 7

Lead and Copper Rule 64 51 446 390

Consumer Confidence Report 78 54

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 79 26 118 64 0 0

Ground Water Rule 1 1 109 106

2010

Total Number of

NR

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

2,861 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

The 2010 State Report did not provide information regarding public availability.
B-47

State of Oklahoma 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 160 48* 522 34*

Total Coliform Rule 84 75 995 501*

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

41 19 6 1

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 169 132

Consumer Confidence Report 438** 146**

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 336 89 101 34 105 43

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

**CCR and PN are calculated together.

2010

Total Number of

1,641 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

1,122 Systems in Violation

Total Number of

2,519 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:

Oklahoma’s State report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Department of Environmental Quality

Water Quality Division, 7th Floor

707 N. Robinson

Oklahoma City, OK 73101-1677

Contact: Jamie Mungle

By mail: 

Department of Environmental Quality

Water Quality Division

P.O. Box 1677

Oklahoma City, OK 73101-1677

Web site: http://www.deq.state.ok.us
B-48

State of Oregon 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 60 27 1,404 88

Total Coliform Rule 283 209 1,211 740

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

76 22 265 89

Lead and Copper Rule 45 43 373 166

Consumer Confidence Report 143 44

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 18 7 2 2 82 26

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

2010

Total Number of

NR

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

1,130 Systems in Violation

Total Number of

3,962 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:

The 2010 State Report did not provide information regarding public availability.
B-49

Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 131 71 4,781 708

Total Coliform Rule 430 365 1,405 1,096

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

155 3 148 51

Lead and Copper Rule 16 16 48 44

Consumer Confidence Report 165 165

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 95 43 49 28 1,677 816

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

2010

Total Number of

9,298 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

2,611 Systems in Violation

Total Number of

12,330* Violations

*The total number of violations in the report (12,330) differs from the calculated total (9,100).

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Pennsylvania’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Department of Environmental Protection

Bureau of Water Standards and Facility Regulation

P.O. Box 8467, 11th Floor RCSOB

Harrisburg, PA 17105-8467

Telephone: (717) 787-5017

Web site: http://www.dep.state.pa.us

Keyword: drinking water
B-50

Commonwealth of Puerto Rico 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 1 1 122 85*

Total Coliform Rule 206 110* 1,843 233

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

46 20 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 18 16

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 63 26* NR NR 22 22*

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

* Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

490

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

2,321 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Puerto Rico’s Report is available by accessing the territory's web site or by contacting:

Department of Health

Public Water Supply Supervision Program

Ponce de León Avenue, #431 Nacional Plaza

9th Floor, Suite 903

Hato Rey, Puerto Rico 00917

EPA Region 2, New York

Eng. Nicole Kraft

290 Broadway, New York, NY 10007-1866

Web site: http://www.salud.gov.pr
B-51

State of Rhode Island 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 9 5 5 5

Total Coliform Rule 55 38 84 73

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

0 0 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 9 8

Consumer Confidence Report 4 4

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 2 1 0 0 0 0

Ground Water Rule NR NR 13 13

2010

Total Number of

490

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

134

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

168*

Violations

*The total number of violations in the report (168) differs from the calculated total (181).

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Rhode Island's Report is available by accessing the web site:

Web site: http://www.health.ri.gov/programs/drinkingwaterquality/
B-52

State of South Carolina 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 32 17* NR NR

Total Coliform Rule 95 59 58** 40**

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

NR NR 2 2

Lead and Copper Rule NR NR 6 6

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR

Disinfection Byproducts Rule NR NR NR NR 46 46*

Ground Water Rule NR NR 10 10

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

** Values in the text of the report and the tables differ. Values from the text shown here.

2010

Total Number of

1,448 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

152

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

240*

Violations

*The total number of violations in the report (240) differs from the calculated total (249).

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

South Carolina’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

SCDHEC’s Bureau of Water

2600 Bull Street

Columbia, SC 29201

Attention: Bruce Bleau

Telephone: (803) 898-4154

Facsimile: (803) 898-3795

E-mail: bleaubp@dhec.sc.gov

Web site: http://www.scdhec.gov/water

Any additional information not contained in the report may be obtained through 

SCDHEC's Freedom of Information Office at (803) 898-3880.
B-53

State of South Dakota 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 64 21 230 9

Total Coliform Rule 41 28 49 36

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

0 0 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 15 6 8 8

Consumer Confidence Report 8 7

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 76 74 42 35

Ground Water Rule 6 4 33 17

2010

Total Number of

652

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

228

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

867*

Violations

*The total number of violations in the report (867) differs from the calculated total (572) because of the inclusion of the 295 public notification violations.

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

South Dakota’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources

Drinking Water Program, PMB-2020

Joe Foss Building

523 East Capitol Avenue

Pierre, SD 57501

Attention: Mark S. Mayer, P.E.

Telephone: (605) 773-3754

Email: mark.mayer@state.sd.us

Web site: http://denr.sd.gov/des/dw/complianceinfo.aspx
B-54

State of Tennessee 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 8 8

Total Coliform Rule 19 17 65 54

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

18 12 68 32

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 0 0

Consumer Confidence Report 14 14

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 16 7 0 0 57 35

Ground Water Rule 0 0 15 14

2010

Total Number of

853

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

150

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

280

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

The 2010 state report did not provide information regarding public availability.
B-55

State of Texas 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 579 188* 1,154 65

Total Coliform Rule 181 166 1,462 661

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

25 12 2 2

Lead and Copper Rule 2 2 1 1

Consumer Confidence Report 1,016 536

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 223 97 NR NR 656 656

Ground Water Rule NR NR 141 137

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

6,961 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

2,746 Systems in Violation

Total Number of

5,442 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

EPA did not receive the 2010 Annual Report prior to January 20, 2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
B-56

State of Utah 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 2 2 3,603 226

Total Coliform Rule 79 69 222 162

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

4 1 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 164 101

Consumer Confidence Report 42 41

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 0 0 56 31

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

2010

Total Number of

NR

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

4,172 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Utah’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Utah Department of Environmental Quality

Division of Drinking Water

P.O. Box 144830

Salt Lake City, UT 84114

Attention: Colt Smith

Telephone: (801) 536-4155

Email: acsmith@utah.gov

Web site: http://www.drinkingwater.utah.gov
B-57

State of Vermont 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 23 9* 137** 118*

Total Coliform Rule 56 53* 379 270*

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

NR NR 1 1

Lead and Copper Rule 8 1 36 33

Consumer Confidence Report 30 30

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 51 19 NR NR 102 77

Ground Water Rule 2 2 1 1

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

** Violations are undercounted because contaminants were reported in groups (e.g., Inorganics, VOCs).

2010

Total Number of

1,367 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

666

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:

Vermont's State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Water Supply Division

Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation

Agency of Natural Resources

103 South Main Street

Old Pantry Building

Waterbury, VT 05671-0403

Contact: Julie Hackbarth

Telephone: (802) 241-3410

Email: julie.hackbarth@state.vt.us

Web site: http://www.vermontdrinkingwater.org
B-58

Virgin Islands 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 1 1 NR NR

Total Coliform Rule 34 22 3 3

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

NR NR NR NR

Lead and Copper Rule 1 1 330 159

Consumer Confidence Report 1 1

Disinfection Byproducts Rule NR NR NR NR NR NR

Ground Water Rule

2010

Total Number of

305

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

167

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

370

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

EPA did not receive the 2010 Annual Report prior to January 20, 2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
B-59

Commonwealth of Virginia 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 76 26 1,042 80

Total Coliform Rule 236 186 618 407

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

7 7 2 1

Lead and Copper Rule 22 21 99 89

Consumer Confidence Report 80 60

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 21 9 30 27 49 32

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

2010

Total Number of

2,852 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

779

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

2,282 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Virginia’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Office of Drinking Water

109 Governor Street, 6th Floor

Richmond, VA 23219

Attn: Robert A.K. Payne, Esq.

Telephone: (804) 864-7500

Facsimile: (804) 864-7520

Email: rob.payne@vdh.virginia.gov

Web site: http://www.vdh.virginia.gov/drinkingwater/compliance/annualReport.htm
B-60

State of Washington 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 87 83 10,858 474

Total Coliform Rule 33 32 642 443

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

22 11 4 3

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 80 80

Consumer Confidence Report 257 257

Disinfection Byproducts Rule NR NR NR NR NR NR

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

*Radionuclide Contaminants were not reported in the Chemical Contaminant Group

2010

Total Number of

4,133 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

1,016 Systems in Violation

Total Number of

11,983 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Washington’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Department of Health

Office of Drinking Water

P.O. Box 47822

Olympia, Washington 98504-7822

Telephone: (800) 521-0323

Web site: http://www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/dw/
B-61

State of West Virginia 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 0 0

Total Coliform Rule 0 0 0 0

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

5 5 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 2 2 203 109

Consumer Confidence Report 110 52

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 10 8 0 0

Ground Water Rule NR NR NR NR

2010

Total Number of

929

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

330

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

The 2010 state report did not provide information regarding public availability.
B-62

State of Wisconsin 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 121 55* 847 298*

Total Coliform Rule 385 399 420 354

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

0 0 0 0

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 15 15

Consumer Confidence Report 49 49

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 0 0 14 14

Ground Water Rule 0 0 NR 142

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

11,444 Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

NR

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

1,851 Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Wisconsin’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources

Bureau of Drinking Water and Groundwater

P.O. Box 7921

Madison, WI 53707

Telephone: (608) 267-4230

Web site: http://dnr.wi.gov/org/water/dwg/report_2010.pdf
B-63

State of Wyoming 2010 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2010

Violations Category

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring

Systems in Systems in Systems in

Violations Violation Violations Violation Violations Violation

Chemical Contaminant Group 7 4 93 73

Total Coliform Rule 48 41 84 73

Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule

4 2 NR NR

Lead and Copper Rule NR NR 21 21

Consumer Confidence Report 6 6

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 15 10* 0 0 5 5

Ground Water Rule NR NR 5 5

*Possible over counting of violating systems.

2010

Total Number of

787

Regulated Systems

Total Number of 

190

Systems in Violation

Total Number of

288

Violations

Where to Obtain the 2010 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Wyoming’s State report is available by accessing EPA’s Web site or by contacting:

EPA Region 8's Environmental Information Service Center

Telephone: (303) 312-6312 or (800) 227-8917

E-mail: r8eisc@epa.gov

Web site: http://www.epa.gov/region8/water/dwhome/wyomingdi.html