FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20463

September 14, 2022

ADVISORY OPINION 2022-19

Jacquelyn Lopez, Esq.

Varoon Modak, Esq.

Elias Law Group

10 G Street NE, Suite 600

Washington, DC 20002

Dear Ms. Lopez and Mr. Modak:

We are responding to the advisory opinion request that you submitted on behalf of 

Maggie for NH, asking whether short code text messages containing links to “split-it” 

fundraising pages are subject to joint fundraising rules under the Federal Election Campaign Act, 

52 U.S.C. §§ 30101-45 (the “Act”), and Commission regulations. The Commission concludes 

that the proposed text messages under the facts presented here would not be subject to the joint 

fundraising rules of the Act and Commission regulations.

Background

The facts presented in this advisory opinion are based on your letter received on August 

9, 2022, and your emails received on August 23 and 31, 2022 (“AOR”).

Maggie for NH is the principal campaign committee of Maggie Hassan, U.S. Senator 

from New Hampshire and candidate for re-election in 2022. Maggie for NH maintains a shortcode texting program to send text messages to its supporters on topics relevant to the campaign 

and to solicit contributions. Maggie for NH sends text messages only to individuals who have 

affirmatively opted in to receive them, either by texting a keyword to the committee’s short code 

number, or by providing their cell phone numbers to the committee through a form or webpage. 

Maggie for NH pays a fee to a vendor to send each message to the individuals who have opted to 

receive the messages; the cost varies by vendor but is typically a few cents per text message.

Maggie for NH proposes to use its text messaging program to text links to its “split-it” 

fundraising pages on ActBlue.com to its supporters. ActBlue’s “split-it” pages allow users to 

make contributions to multiple federal political committees simultaneously.1 Any political 

1 For an example of a split-it page, see https://secure.actblue.com/donate/defendthesenate-hassan (last visited 
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committee that has an existing ActBlue account can create a split-it page listing any other 

political committee that also has an existing ActBlue account, and users of the split-it page may 

make simultaneous contributions to some or all of the listed political committees, at the users’ 

discretion. Split-it pages allow a user to enter the total amount the user wishes to contribute and 

will automatically calculate the amount to be allocated to each recipient committee. Users can

change the amounts allocated to each listed political committee and can decide not to contribute 

any amount to a listed committee. There is no additional cost to create or use a split-it page, and 

no new account or entity is created as a result of setting up a split-it page. Funds contributed 

through a split-it page are transmitted directly from the contributor to each recipient committee 

according to the terms of the committee’s existing contractual relationship with ActBlue.2

Maggie for NH will create and administer split-it pages that list Maggie for NH and other 

federal political committees as potential recipients of split contributions. Other recipient 

committees could include federal candidate committees, party committees, or nonconnected 

political committees; separate segregated funds and non-federal entities will not be included. 

Maggie for NH asserts that it will solicit only funds that comply with the source prohibitions and 

amount limitations of the Act and Commission regulations. Maggie for NH further asserts that it 

will create and administer split-it pages and solicit contributions through them, including in text 

messages to its supporters, without the involvement of or coordination with other recipient 

committees. Finally, Maggie for NH alone will decide which political committees to list on the 

split-it pages.

3

 

Question Presented

Are short-code text messages containing links to split-it fundraising pages, which allow 

contributions to multiple federal political committees, subject to the joint fundraising rules under 

the Act and Commission regulations?

Legal Analysis 

No, short-code text messages containing links to split-it fundraising pages are not subject 

to the joint fundraising rules under the facts presented here.

Commission regulations specify the requirements that apply when a political committee 

engages in joint fundraising, pursuant to 11 C.F.R. § 102.17. Among other requirements, the 

participants in a joint fundraising effort must establish a separate political committee or select a 

participating committee to serve as their joint fundraising representative. The participants must 

also enter into a written agreement that identifies the joint fundraising representative and states a 

Sept. 1, 2022). The Commission notes that ActBlue is not a party to the instant advisory opinion request, and the

Commission is not opining on any of ActBlue’s activities. The Commission previously considered the applicability 

of the Act and Commission regulations to ActBlue’s split-it pages in Advisory Opinion 2014-13 (ActBlue).

2 A political committee that receives contributions through a split-it page is responsible for paying any 

processing fees that it would ordinarily owe under the terms of its existing contractual relationship with ActBlue.

3 Maggie for NH states that it might separately engage in joint fundraising activities with other political 

committees, but any such activities would be conducted separately from the activity discussed here.
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formula for the allocation of fundraising proceeds.4 The fundraising representative collects 

contributions, screens and reports all contributions received, pays fundraising costs from gross 

proceeds and from funds advanced by participants, and disburses net proceeds according to the 

allocation formula agreed by the participants.5 Any solicitation for contributions to the joint 

fundraising effort must include a joint fundraising notice that advises contributors about the 

participants in the joint fundraising activity, the allocation formula to be used, and other relevant 

information.6

The Commission has previously concluded that the mere use of an ActBlue split-it page, 

by itself, “does not indicate that the recipient political committees have agreed to fundraise 

jointly or have collectively arranged for the disposition of any contributions raised.”

7

Indeed, in 

the instant advisory opinion request, Maggie for NH specifically states that it will create and 

maintain split-it pages “without the involvement of, or coordination with, the other committees 

listed on the pages,” and that “Maggie for NH alone” will decide which political committees to 

list on the split-it pages.8 Under these circumstances, where the other recipient committees have 

no involvement in the creation, modification, or administration of the split-it pages, the 

Commission concludes that Maggie for NH’s use of ActBlue’s split-it functionality would not be 

joint fundraising under 11 C.F.R. § 102.17.9 Likewise, the text messages that Maggie for NH 

proposes to create and send to its supporters independently of other political committees, which 

would include links to the split-it pages that Maggie for NH creates and administers 

independently of other political committees, would not indicate that Maggie for NH and the 

other political committees listed on the split-it pages have agreed to fundraise jointly. Under 

these facts, the Commission concludes that the proposed text messages containing links to the 

split-it pages would not constitute joint fundraising and thus are not subject to the joint 

fundraising regulations.

This response constitutes an advisory opinion concerning the application of the Act and 

Commission regulations to the specific transaction or activity set forth in your request.10 The 

4 11 C.F.R. § 102.17(c)(1). Each joint fundraising solicitation must include a joint fundraising notice that 

includes the names of all committees participating in the joint fundraising activity; the allocation formula used for 

distributing joint fundraising proceeds; a statement informing contributors that, notwithstanding the stated allocation 

formula, they may designate their contributions for a particular participant or participants; and a statement informing 

contributors that the allocation formula may change if a contributor makes a contribution exceeding the amount 

limitations under the Act and Commission regulations. Id. § 102.17(c)(2)(i)(A)-(D).

5

Id. §§ 102.17(b)(1)-(2), (c)(4)(i), (c)(4)(8)(A), (c)(6).

6

Id. § 102.17(c)(2).

7 Advisory Opinion 2014-13 (ActBlue) at 5.

8 AOR009.

9 See Advisory Opinion 2014-13 (ActBlue) at 5. The Commission notes that, as in Advisory Opinion 2014-

13 (ActBlue), the instant request does not ask, and this advisory opinion does not address, whether joint fundraising 

would occur if a recipient committee were to learn about the fundraising page after its creation and then actively use 

it to solicit contributions.

10 See 52 U.S.C. § 30108. 
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Commission emphasizes that, if there is a change in any of the facts or assumptions presented, 

and such facts or assumptions are material to a conclusion presented in this advisory opinion, 

then the requestor may not rely on that conclusion as support for its proposed activity. Any 

person involved in any specific transaction or activity which is indistinguishable in all its 

material aspects from the transaction or activity with respect to which this advisory opinion is 

rendered may rely on this advisory opinion.11 Please note that the analysis or conclusions in this 

advisory opinion may be affected by subsequent developments in the law including, but not 

limited to, statutes, regulations, advisory opinions, and case law. Any advisory opinions cited 

herein are available on the Commission’s website. 

On behalf of the Commission, 

Allen J. Dickerson

Chairman

11 See id. § 30108(c)(1)(B).