AFS-12-418-E 

June 29, 2012 

 Exemption No. 10092A 

 Regulatory Docket No. FAA-2010-0392 

Mr. John T. Sessions 

Chief Executive Officer 

Historic Flight Foundation 

10719 Bernie Webber Drive 

Mukilteo, WA 98275-5011 

Dear Mr. Sessions: 

This letter is to inform you that we have granted your petition to extend Exemption 

No. 10092. It explains the basis for our decision, describes its effect, and lists the revised 

conditions and limitations. 

The Basis for Our Decision 

By letter dated May 29, 2012, you petitioned the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on 

behalf of Historic Flight Foundation (HFF) for an extension of Exemption No. 10092. That 

exemption from §§ 91.315, 91.319(a)(2), 119.5(g), and 119.21(a) of Title 14, Code of Federal 

Regulations (14 CFR) allows HFF to operate a North American B-25D (N88972) for the 

purpose of carrying passengers on local educational and historical flights for compensation or 

hire. 

In your petition, you indicate that there has been no change in the conditions and reasons 

relative to public interest and safety that were the basis for granting the original exemption. 

The FAA has determined that good cause exists for not publishing a summary of the petition 

in the Federal Register because the requested extension of the exemption would not set a 

precedent, and any delay in acting on this petition would be detrimental to HFF. 
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Our Decision 

The FAA has modified and/or added to the conditions and limitations of Exemption 

No. 10092 to address several issues raised by another exemption holder. These changes were 

in order to clarify original content, and further define the intent and provide consistency of 

safety-related aspects of the conditions and limitations. The FAA will be making these 

changes to all Living History Flight Experience Exemptions (LHFE) as they are amended or 

extended. 

Please note that the conditions and limitations included with an exemption are not based on 

specific regulations but are the FAA’s means of ensuring an equivalent level of safety. This 

may necessitate limitations that go beyond the established regulations due to the fact that the 

proposed operation is by its need for an exemption, outside the normal regulatory structure. 

Limitation No. 19 had previously given the incorrect impression that the aircraft could be 

operated at weights greater than permitted by operating limitations. The wording was revised 

to clarify that the aircraft must be operated within the weight and balance limitations 

prescribed at all times. 

Limitation No. 25 has been added to ensure that the intent of the exemption is clear. 

Passengers wishing to experience aerobatics can obtain rides in aircraft type certificated for 

aerobatics. The (LHFE) exemptions are designed to provide for experiences not otherwise 

available to the public. 

Limitation No. 26 prohibits formation flight. Formation flight is already prohibited by 

§ 91.111(b) but this was added to ensure that the exemption holders had a clear understanding 

of this restriction. 

Limitation No. 27 requires a preflight briefing but permits someone other than the PIC to 

provide the necessary preflight briefing. However, HFF is reminded that in accordance with 

§ 91.107(a)(2), the briefing remains a PIC responsibility. 

The LHFE exemptions have never permitted the passengers to manipulate the flight controls. 

Only trained crewmembers may manipulate the flight controls. Limitation No. 28 has been 

added to clarify this issue. This clarification is also being added to all LHFE exemptions. 

Limitation No. 29 has been added to require that operators of LHFE must develop a 

continuous analysis and management program for all aircraft subject to this exemption that 

ensures compliance with its inspection program, training program, and conditions and 

limitations of this exemption. This requirement will be added to all LHFE exemptions. 

The FAA has determined that the justification for the issuance of Exemption No. 10092 

remains valid with respect to this exemption and is in the public interest. Therefore, under the 

authority provided by 49 U.S.C. 40113 and 44701, which the FAA Administrator has 

delegated to me, I grant your petition, subject to the following conditions and limitations. 
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Conditions and Limitations 

1. This exemption applies only to the North American B-25, N88972. 

2. HFF must maintain its experimental airplane in accordance with the— 

a. Maintenance requirements as specified in the B-25 series type certificate data 

sheet, as amended; 

b. FAA-approved maintenance inspection program that meets the requirements of 

§ 91.409(e), (f)(4) and (g); and 

c. B-25 military technical manuals. 

3. The pilot in command (PIC) for the B-25 must— 

a. Hold at least a commercial pilot certificate with an airplane multiengine land 

rating, an airplane instrument rating, and the appropriate type rating; 

b. Have completed, within the previous 12 calendar months, HFFs PIC qualification 

and recurrent flight and ground training program in the B-25 for which PIC 

privileges are sought; 

c. Have completed, within the previous 12 calendar months, HFFs PIC proficiency 

check in the B-25 for which PIC privileges are sought; 

d. Have at least a total of 2,500 hours of aeronautical flight experience, 1,000 hours 

of aeronautical flight experience in multiengine land airplanes, and 25 hours in 

the B-25; or have at least a total of 1,000 hours of aeronautical flight experience, 

200 hours of aeronautical flight experience in a multiengine land airplane, and 

100 hours and 50 takeoffs and 50 landings in the B-25; and 

e. Have accomplished, within the previous 90 days, three takeoffs and three 

landings to a full stop in the B-25 for which PIC privileges are sought. For initial 

PIC qualification in the B-25 or if the pilot has allowed his/her takeoff and 

landing currency to lapse in the B-25, the takeoff and landing currency may not 

be accomplished during passenger-carrying operations. 

4. The second in command (SIC) for the B-25 must — 

a. Hold at least a commercial pilot certificate with an airplane multiengine land 

rating and an airplane instrument rating; 

b. Have completed, within the previous 12 calendar months, HFFs SIC qualification 

and recurrent flight and ground training program in the B-25 for which SIC 

privileges are sought; 

c. Have completed, within the previous 12 calendar months, HFFs SIC proficiency 

check in the B-25 for which SIC privileges are sought; 
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d. Have at least a total of 1,500 hours of aeronautical flight experience, 250 hours of 

aeronautical flight experience in a multiengine land airplane; or have at least a 

total of 500 hours of aeronautical flight experience, 100 hours of aeronautical 

flight experience in a multiengine land airplane, and 25 hours and 10 takeoffs and 

10 landings in the B-25; and 

e. Have accomplished, within the previous 90 days, three takeoffs and three 

landings to a full stop in the B-25 for which SIC privileges are sought. For initial 

SIC qualification in the B-25 or if the pilot has allowed his/her takeoff and 

landing currency to lapse in the B-25, the takeoff and landing currency may not 

be accomplished during passenger-carrying operations. 

5. HFF must develop and maintain a written B-25 qualification and recurrent ground 

training program for its PICs and SICs in the B-25 that covers the training subjects 

listed below. Each PIC and SIC in the B-25 must receive the following training 

within the previous 12 calendar months and be found to be competent and proficient in 

these areas prior to serving in a PIC or SIC position in the B-25: 

6.

REQUIRED TRAINING TASKS 

a. General information and description of the airplane; 

b. Aircraft limitations; 

c. Aircraft servicing; 

d. Airspeeds; 

e. Fuel system; 

f. Electrical system; 

g. Hydraulic system; 

h. Engines; 

i. Instruments and avionics; 

j. Landing gear, brakes, controls, and flaps systems; 

k. Propeller; 

l. Emergency procedures, including— 

(i) Instruction in emergency assignments and procedures, including 

coordination among crewmembers; 

(ii) Individual instruction in the location, function, and operation of 

emergency equipment, including— 

A. First aid equipment and its proper use; and 

B. Portable fire extinguishers, with emphasis on the type of extinguisher to 

be used on different classes of fires; 

(iii) Instruction in the handling of emergency situations, including— 

A. Fire in flight or on the surface and smoke control procedures with 

emphasis on electrical equipment and related circuit breakers found in 

cabin areas; and 

B. Illness, injury, or other abnormal situations involving passengers or 
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crewmembers; 

m. Weight and balance; 

n. Performance planning; 

o. Airplane’s checklist; and 

p. Differences in type. 

7. HFF must develop and maintain a written B-25 qualification and recurrent flight 

training program for its PICs in the B-25 that covers the areas of operations and tasks, 

as listed in the following table of training tasks. Each PIC in the B-25 must 

successfully accomplish this training before being assigned PIC responsibilities and 

duties. Each PIC in the B-25 must receive and successfully accomplish the following 

training within the previous 12 calendar months and be found to be competent and 

proficient in these areas prior to serving in a PIC position in the B-25 for the 

exemption holder: 

REQUIRED TRAINING TASKS 

a. Preflight Preparation— 

(i) Aircraft exam (oral or written); and 

(ii) Aircraft performance & limitations (oral or written); 

b. Ground Operations— 

(i) Preflight inspection; 

(ii) Cockpit resource management; 

(iii) Powerplant start procedures; 

(iv) Taxiing; and 

 (v) Pre-takeoff checks; 

c. Takeoffs & Departures— 

(i) Normal & crosswind takeoffs; 

(ii) Powerplant failure; and 

(iii) Rejected takeoffs; 

d. In-flight Maneuvers— 

(i) Steep turns; 

(ii) Approach to stalls; 

(iii) Powerplant failure; and 

(iv) Specific flight characteristics; 

e. Landings & Approaches to Landing— 

(i) Normal & crosswind approaches & landing; 

(ii) Maneuvering to a landing with a simulated powerplant failure; 

(iii) Rejected landing; and 

(iv) Landing from a no flap or a nonstandard flap approach; 

f. Normal & Abnormal Procedures— 

(i) Powerplant; 

(ii) Fuel system; 

(iii) Electrical system; 
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(iv) Hydraulic system; 

(v) Environmental & pressurization system (as appropriate and if 

equipped); 

(vi) Fire detection & extinguishing system; 

(vii) Navigation & avionics system; 

(viii) Automatic flight control system, electronic flight instrument 

system, & related systems (as appropriate and if equipped); 

(ix) Flight control system; 

(x) Anti-ice & deice system; and 

(xi) Aircraft & personal emergency equipment; 

g. Emergency Procedures— 

(i) In-flight fire & smoke removal; 

(ii) Rapid decompression (as appropriate and if equipped with a 

pressurization system); 

(iii) Emergency descent; 

(iv) Ditching; and 

(v) Emergency evacuation; 

h. Postflight Procedures— 

(i) After landing procedures; and 

(ii) Parking and securing aircraft. 

8. HFF must develop and maintain a written B-25 qualification and recurrent flight 

training program for its SICs in the B-25 that covers the areas of operations and tasks, 

as listed in the following table of training tasks. Each SIC in the B-25 must 

successfully accomplish this training within the previous 12 calendar months and be 

found to be competent and proficient in these areas prior to serving in an SIC position 

in the B-25 for HFF: 

REQUIRED TRAINING TASKS 

a. Operational procedures applicable to the powerplant, equipment, and 

systems; 

b. Performance specifications and limitations; 

c. Normal, abnormal, and emergency operating procedures; 

d. Three takeoffs and three landings to a full stop as the sole manipulator 

of the flight controls; 

e. Engine-out procedures and maneuvering with an engine out while 

executing the duties of PIC; 

f. Crew resource management training; and 

g. Familiarization with the aircraft flight manual, placards, and markings. 

9. The exemption holder may not use a pilot nor may any pilot serve as a pilot in any 

aircraft unless, since the beginning of the 12th calendar month before that service, that 

pilot has passed a competency check given by the FAA or an authorized check pilot 
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in that aircraft to determine the pilot’s competence in practical skills and techniques 

in the appropriate aircraft. The competency check will consist of the appropriate 

maneuvers and procedures currently required for the original issuance of the 

commercial pilot certificate. The FAA’s Seattle Flight Standards District Office 

(FSDO) will determine what maneuvers and procedures are critical, such as preflight 

preparation, ground operations, takeoffs and departures, and normal procedures, etc., 

and maneuvers and procedures that may be unsafe for a particular aircraft. 

10. Recurrent flight training for pilots must include, at least, flight training in the 

maneuvers and procedures in this exemption. However, satisfactory completion of 

the check required by this exemption within the preceding 12 calendar months may 

be substituted for recurrent flight training. 

11. HFF must document and record all ground and flight training and/or testing required 

by this grant of exemption in a manner acceptable to the FAA’s Seattle FSDO. That 

documentation and records must contain the following information: 

a. Date of each training session; 

b. Date of each testing session; 

c. The amount of time of each session of ground and flight training given; 

d. The amount of time of each session of ground and flight testing given; 

e. Location where each session of ground and flight training was given; 

f. Location where each session of ground and flight testing was given; 

g. The airplane identification number in which each flight training session was 

received; 

h. The airplane identification number in which each flight testing session was 

received; 

i. The name and certificate number of the pilot who provided each session of 

training; 

j. The name and certificate number of the pilot who provided each session of 

testing; 

k. The signature and printed name of the pilot who received the training. That 

pilot’s signature will serve as a verification of having received each session of 

training; and 

l. The signature and printed name of the pilot who received the testing. That pilot’s 

signature will serve as a verification of having received each session of testing. 

12. When requested, the HFFs pilot qualification and recurrent ground- and 

flight-training programs and/or records listed in condition above must be made 

available to the Seattle FSDO. 
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13. HFF must have the services of an FAA-certificated airframe and powerplant 

mechanic or an appropriately rated repair station available at all stopovers to perform 

all required maintenance inspections and repairs. 

14. HFF will maintain the following information and records and will make those records 

available for review to the FAA when requested: 

a. The name of each pilot crewmember HFF authorizes to conduct flight operations 

in its airplanes under the terms of this exemption; 

b. Copies of each PICs and SICs pilot certificate, medical certificate, qualifications, 

and initial and recurrent training and testing documentation to comply with 

condition above; and 

c. Records of maintenance performed and maintenance inspection records to comply 

with condition Nos. 2 and 12. Maintenance and inspection records must meet the 

requirements of §§ 43.9, 43.11, and 91.405. 

15. Before permitting a person to be carried on board its aircraft for the purposes 

authorized under this exemption, HFF will inform that person that its airplanes hold 

only a limited airworthiness certificate; the significance of the airworthiness 

certificate as compared to a standard airworthiness certificate; and that the FAA has 

authorized this flight under a grant of exemption from the requirements of §§ 91.315, 

91.319(a)(2), 119.5(g), and 119.21(a). The explanation of the significance of a 

special airworthiness certificate (experimental-exhibition), experimental 

airworthiness certificate compared to a standard airworthiness certificate, must 

include at least the following information: 

a. The FAA has not established nor has it approved special category airworthiness 

certificated aircraft manufacturing standards. In contrast, standard category 

airworthiness The FAA has not established nor has it approved experimental 

category airworthiness certificated aircraft manufacturing standards. In contrast, 

standard category airworthiness certificated aircraft are manufactured to 

FAA-approved standards, including standards addressing the design of the 

aircraft and life-limited parts; 

b. Limited category airworthiness certificated aircraft are issued when the FAA 

finds the airplane— 

i. Has been previously issued a limited category type certificate and the 

aircraft conforms to that type certificate; and 

ii. To be in a good state of preservation and repair and is in a safe operating 

condition; 

c. An aircraft may be issued an experimental airworthiness certificate for the 

purpose of exhibition when the FAA finds the aircraft— 
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i. Is intended only for exhibition of the aircraft's flight capabilities, 

performance, or unusual characteristics at airshows, motion picture, 

television, and similar productions; and 

ii. The maintenance of exhibition flight proficiency, including (for persons 

exhibiting the aircraft) flying to and from such airshows and productions; 

and 

d. Standard category airworthiness certificates are issued for an aircraft when the 

FAA finds the— 

i. Aircraft has been built and maintained in accordance with that aircraft's 

type certification standards as established by the FAA; and 

ii. Aircraft's inspection and maintenance requirements are in compliance 

with the applicable Federal Aviation Regulations. 

16. HFF must notify the Seattle FSDO within 24 hours of any of the following 

occurrences by written report, by electronic mail, or by facsimile: 

a. Each in-flight fire in any system or area that requires activation of any fire 

suppression system or discharge of a portable fire extinguisher; 

b. Each exhaust system component failure, including the turbocharger components, 

that causes damage to any engine, structure, cowling, or components; 

c. Each airplane component or system that causes, during flight, accumulation or 

circulation of noxious fumes, smoke, or vapor in any portion of the cabin or crew 

area; 

d. Except for training, each occurrence of engine shutdown or propeller feathering, 

and the reason for such shutdown or feathering; 

e. Each failure of the propeller governing systems or feathering systems; 

f. Any landing gear system or component failures or malfunctions, which require 

use of emergency or standby extension systems; 

g. Each failure or malfunction of the wheel brake systems that causes loss of brake 

control on the ground; 

h. Each airplane structure that requires major repair due to damage, deformation, or 

corrosion, and the method of repair; 

i. Each failure or malfunction of the fuel system, tanks, pumps, or valves; 

j. Each malfunction, failure, or defect in any system or component that requires 

taking emergency action of any type during the course of any flight; and 

k. For the purpose of this section, "during flight" means the period from the moment 

the airplane leaves the surface of the earth on takeoff until it touches down on 

landing. 
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17. All flight operations must be conducted — 

a. At a minimum operating altitude of not less than 1,000 feet above ground 

level (AGL); 

b. Between the hours of official sunrise and sunset, as established in the American 

Air Almanac, as converted to local time; 

c. Within a 25-statute-mile radius of the departure airport with landings only 

permitted at the departure airport; 

d. With a minimum flight visibility of not less than 3 statute miles and a minimum 

ceiling of not less than 1,500 feet AGL; 

e. Passenger-carrying operations for compensation may be conducted at distances 

greater than 25 statute miles of the departure airport up to 50 statute miles, with 

concurrence of the FAA FSDO having geographic responsibility for the aviation 

event. For such flights, landings are only permitted at the departure airport. The 

operator must provide information pertaining to the proposed route of flight, 

which will avoid densely populated areas or congested airways in accordance 

with 14 CFR § 91.319(c) for aircraft certificated in the experimental category. 

Those operators utilizing aircraft certificated in the limited category are not 

bound by the restriction regarding the avoidance of densely populated areas or 

congested airways; 

f. For passenger-carrying flights greater than 25 statute miles from the departure 

airport and up to 50 statute miles, the PIC must obtain weather reports and 

forecasts prior to flight and valid for the duration of the proposed operation that 

indicate that the weather would be no less than 5 statute miles visibility and cloud 

ceilings no less than 2,000 feet AGL. Passenger-carrying operations shall be 

terminated if ceiling and visibility become less than the minimum required by 

these conditions and limitations. Weather forecasts listing discriminators such as 

probability (PROB), becoming (BECOMG), or temporarily (TEMPO) shall be 

limiting; and 

g. The aircraft may only be operated from an airport that has a fire station or firefighting services available or within close proximity of the airport. 

18. No persons other than the assigned flight crewmembers may be permitted on the pilot 

station of the airplane during flight operations. 

19. All flight operations must carry no more than the maximum number of passengers 

permitted by the aircraft's weight and balance limitations and number of approved 

seats in the airplane. 

20. HFF’s B-25D must have the equipment listed in §§ 91.205(b) and 91.207 and that 

equipment must be in an operable condition during the flight. 
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21. HFF must hold and continue to hold a determination from the U.S. Internal Revenue 

Service that it is a § 501(c)(3) nonprofit, tax-exempt, charitable organization under 

§§ 509(a)(1) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) of the Internal Revenue Code. 

22. HFF must notify the Seattle FSDO at least 5 working days (Mondays through 

Fridays) before conducting any PIC or SIC initial or recurrent qualification training 

and any PIC or SIC initial or recurrent proficiency checks required to be conducted 

under the terms of this grant of exemption. 

23. No later than 72 hours prior to commencing flight operations under the terms of this 

grant of exemption, HFF must notify the jurisdictional FAA FSDO where it intends 

to conduct the flight operations and shall provide a copy of this exemption to that 

jurisdictional FAA FSDO. 

24. This grant of exemption pertains to the operation of the HFF North American B-25D, 

N88972, certificated in the limited category. 

25. The PIC is prohibited from performing aerobatic flight while passengers are onboard 

the aircraft. 

26. For all aircraft subject to this exemption, flight within 500 feet of another aircraft 

(i.e., formation flying) is prohibited. 

27. Prior to flight, the PIC must ensure that a passenger briefing meeting the scope and 

content of § 135.117 has been provided to the passenger(s). 

28. No persons other than the assigned flight crewmembers may be permitted to 

manipulate the flight controls during flight operations. 

29. HFF must develop a continuous analysis and management program for all aircraft 

subject to this exemption that ensures compliance with its inspection program, 

training program, and conditions and limitations of this exemption. 

Failure to comply with any of the conditions and limitations of this grant of exemption will be 

grounds for the immediate suspension or revocation of Exemption 10092. 

The Effect of Our Decision 

Our decision extends the termination date of Exemption No. 10092 to June 30, 2014, unless 

sooner superseded or rescinded. 

Sincerely, 

/S/ 
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Leslie Smith 

Acting Director, Flight Standards 

 Service