TSD-2b

Processing of 2002 Anthropogenic Emissions:

OTC Regional and Urban 12km Base Year Simulation

Bureau of Air Quality Analysis and Research

Division of Air Resources

New York State Department of Environmental Conservation

Albany, NY 12233

March 19, 2007
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Overview

All emissions processing for the revised 2002 OTC regional and urban 12 km 

base case simulations was performed with SMOKE2.1 compiled on a Red Hat 9.0 Linux 

operating system with the Portland group fortran compiler version 5.1. The emissions 

processing was performed on a month-by-month and RPO-by-RPO basis, i.e. SMOKE 

processing was performed for each month for each of the RPOs (MANE-VU, VISTAS, 

CENRAP, MRPO) individually as well as for Canada. For each month/RPO combination, 

a separate SMOKE ASSIGNS file was created, and the length of the episode in each of 

these ASSIGNS files was set to the entire month. Also, as discussed in Section 3, there 

was no difference between “episode-average” temperatures and “monthly-average” 

temperatures for the Mobile6 simulations that used the option of temperature averaging. 

This document is structured as follows: A listing of all emission inventories is 

given in Section 2, organized by RPO and source category. Section 3 discusses the 

Mobile6 processing approach employed for the different RPOs, while Section 4 describes 

the processing of biogenic emissions with BEIS3.12. Finally, Sections 5 through7 

describe the temporal allocation, speciation, and spatial allocation of the emissions 

inventories, respectively.

1. Emission Inventories

1.1 MANE-VU

Version 3 of the MANE_VU inventory was utilized to generate CMAQ-ready

emissions. This emissions inventory data were obtained from the MANEVU archive in 

April 2006.

1.1.1 Area Sources

 Files: 

MANEVU_AREA_SMOKE_INPUT_ANNUAL_SUMMERDAY_040606.txt 

and MANEVU_AREA_SMOKE_INPUT_ANNUAL_WINTERDAY_040606.txt 

prepared by PECHAN, downloaded from ftp.marama.org (username mane-vu, 

password exchange)

 Fugitive dust correction: This was applied as county-specific correction factors 

for SCC’s listed at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust; the 

correction factor file gcntl.xportfrac.txt was obtained from EPA’s CAIR NODA 

ftp site http://www.airmodelingftp.com (password protected).; this adjustment 

was performed using the SMOKE programs cntlmat and grwinven to generate an 

adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE processing

1.1.2 Nonroad Sources

 File: MANEVU_NRD2002_SMOKE_030306 prepared by PECHAN; 

downloaded from ftp.marama.org (username mane-vu, password exchange)
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1.1.3 Mobile Sources

 VMT/Speed: MANEVU_2002_mbinv_02022006_addCT.txt prepared by

PECHAN and NESCAUM; downloaded from 

http://bronze.nescaum.org/Private/junghun/MANEVU/onroad_ver3_update/MANEVU_V3_update.tar

1.1.4 Point Sources

 Files: 

MANEVU_Point_SMOKE_INPUT_ANNUAL_SUMMERDAY_041006.txt and 

MANEVU_Point_SMOKE_INPUT_ANNUAL_WINTERDAY_041006.txt 

prepared by PECHAN were downloaded from ftp.marama.org (username manevu, password exchange)

 Fugitive dust correction: This was applied as county-specific correction factors 

for SCC’s listed at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust; the 

correction factor file gcntl.xportfrac.txt was obtained from EPA’s CAIR NODA 

ftp site http://www.airmodelingftp.com (password protected).; this adjustment 

was performed using the SMOKE programs cntlmat and grwinven to generate an 

adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE processing

 Corrected the omission of 2,100 tons/year VOC emissions from several point 

sources in NJ. NJDEP provided updated IDA files on June 30 that were used for 

modeling.

1.2 CENRAP

The inventory data were obtained from the CENRAP ftp site in March 2006 and 

reflect version BaseB of the CENRAP inventory.

1.2.1 Area Sources

 Files:

o CENRAP_AREA_SMOKE_INPUT_ANN_STATES_081705.txt

o CENRAP_AREA_MISC_SMOKE_INPUT_ANN_STATE_071905.txt

o CENRAP_AREA_BURNING_SMOKE_INPUT_ANN_TX_ 

NELI_071905.txt

o CENRAP_AREA_MISC_SMOKE_INPUT_NH3_MONTH_{MMM} 

_072805.txt where {MMM} is JAN, FEB, ... DEC

o CENRAP_AREA_SMOKE_INPUT_NH3_MONTH_{MMM} 

_071905.txt where {MMM} is JAN, FEB, ... DEC

 Fugitive dust correction: This was applied as county-specific correction factors 

for SCC’s listed at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust; the 

correction factor file gcntl.xportfrac.txt was obtained from EPA’s CAIR NODA 

ftp site http://www.airmodelingftp.com (password protected).; this adjustment 

was performed using the SMOKE programs cntlmat and grwinven to generate an 

adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE processing

 Note about area and nonroad source SMOKE processing for the CENRAP region: 

All area source inventories (both annual and month-specific) were processed in 
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one step through SMOKE. SMK_AVEDAY_YN was set to N, so seasonal 

profiles were used to apportion the annual inventories numbers by month. This 

setting was also used for the nonroad processing performed in a separate step. 

This was necessary since the month-specific files had zero in their ‘average-day’ 

column and the annual total column reflects the “monthly emissions as annual 

totals” as per header line. Therefore, seasonal profiles are used to apportion both 

the annual and month-specific files. As described below, we utilized the temporal 

profiles and cross-reference files generated by CENRAP. However, we did not 

verify that this approach indeed leads to the intended monthly allocation of 

ammonia and nonroad emissions.

1.2.2 Nonroad Sources

 Files:

o CENRAP_NONROAD_SMOKE_INPUT_ANN_071305.txt 

o CENRAP_NONROAD_SMOKE_INPUT_MONTH_{MMM}_071305.txt 

where {MMM} is JAN, FEB, ... DEC

1.2.3 Mobile Sources

 VMT/Speed files:

o mbinv02_vmt_cenrap_ce.ida

o mbinv02_vmt_cenrap_no.ida

o mbinv02_vmt_cenrap_so.ida

o mbinv02_vmt_cenrap_we.ida 

1.2.4 Point Sources

 File: CENRAP_POINT_SMOKE_INPUT_ANNUAL_DAILY_072505.txt

 Fugitive dust correction: This was applied as county-specific correction factors 

for SCC’s listed at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust; the 

correction factor file gcntl.xportfrac.txt was obtained from EPA’s CAIR NODA 

ftp site http://www.airmodelingftp.com (password protected).; this adjustment 

was performed using the SMOKE programs cntlmat and grwinven to generate an 

adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE processing.

1.3 VISTAS

All VISTAS emission files were obtained from the Alpine Geophysics ftp site. They

reflect version BaseG of the VISTAS inventory with the exception of fire emissions 

which reflect BaseF and BaseD. These files were downloaded between February and 

August, 2006.

1.3.1 Area Sources

 Files:
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o arinv_vistas_2002g_2453922_w_pmfac.txt

o ida_ar_fire_2002_vistaonly_basef.ida

 Note: the header lines of these files indicate that the fugitive dust correction was 

already applied, so no further correction was performed.

1.3.2 Nonroad Sources

 Files:

o nrinv_vistas_2002g_2453908.txt

o marinv_vistas_2002g_2453972.txt

1.3.3 Mobile Sources

 VMT/Speed file: mbinv_vistas_02g_vmt_12jun06.txt

1.3.4 Point Sources

 Files:

o Annual:

 egu_ptinv_vistas_2002typ_baseg_2453909.txt

 negu_ptinv_vistas_2002typ_baseg_2453909.txt

 ptinv_fires_{MM}_typ.vistas.ida where {MM} is 01, 02, 03, etc. 

depending on the month; these annual point fire files were 

generated as part of the VISTAS BaseD inventory and were 

obtained in January 2005

o Hour-specific:

 pthour_2002typ_baseg_{MMM}_28jun2006.ems where {MMM} 

is jan, feb, mar, etc.

 pthour_fires_{MM}_typ.vistas.ida where {MM} is 01, 02, 03, etc. 

depending on the month; these hourly point fire files were 

generated as part of the VISTAS BaseD inventory and were 

obtained in January 2005

 Note: No fugitive dust correction was performed for these files.

1.4 MRPO

MRPO emissions for SMOKE modeling were generated by Alpine Geophysics through a 

contract from MARAMA to convert the MRPO BaseK inventory from NIF to IDA 

format. The files were downloaded from the MARAMA ftp site ftp.marama.org

(username mane-vu, password exchange) between April and June 2006.

1.4.1 Area Sources

 Files: 

o Annual:

 arinv_mar_mrpok_2002_27apr2006.txt

 arinv_other_mrpok_2002_20jun2006.txt

o Month-specific:
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 arinv_nh3_2002_mrpok_{mmm}_3may2006.txt where {mmm} is 

jan, feb, etc.

 dustinv_2002_mrpok_{mmm}_23may2006.txt where {mmm} is 

jan, feb, etc.

 Fugitive dust correction: This correction was performed only to the 

arinv_other_mrpok_2002_20jun2006.txt file using county-specific correction 

factors for SCC’s listed at 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust; the correction factor 

file gcntl.xportfrac.txt was obtained from EPA’s CAIR NODA ftp site 

http://www.airmodelingftp.com (password protected).; this adjustment was 

performed using the SMOKE programs cntlmat and grwinven to generate an 

adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE processing.

 Note about area source SMOKE processing: SMOKE processing was performed 

separately for the annual and month-specific files. For the annual inventory

processing, SMK_AVEDAY_YN was set to N, so seasonal profiles were used to 

apportion the annual inventories numbers by month. For the month-specific 

inventory processing, this variable was set to Y so that no seasonal profiles would 

be applied and the inventory numbers in the ‘average day’ column would be used. 

To save a SMOKE processing step, the annual “marine” inventory

“arinv_mar_mrpok_2002_27apr2006.txt” was processed together with the annual 

“other area source” inventory “arinv_other_mrpok_2002_20jun2006.txt” even 

though it technically is part of the nonroad inventory.

1.4.2 Nonroad Sources

 Files: nrinv_2002_mrpok_{mmm}_3may2006.txt where {mmm} is jan, feb, etc.

1.4.3 Mobile Sources

 VMT/Speed file: mbinv_mrpo_02f_vmt_02may06.txt

1.4.4 Point Sources

 Files: ptinv_egu_negu_2002_mrpok_1may2006.txt

 Fugitive dust correction: This correction was performed only to the 

arinv_other_mrpok_2002_20jun2006.txt file using county-specific correction 

factors for SCC’s listed at 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust; the correction factor 

file gcntl.xportfrac.txt was obtained from EPA’s CAIR NODA ftp site 

http://www.airmodelingftp.com (password protected).; this adjustment was 

performed using the SMOKE programs cntlmat and grwinven to generate an 

adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE processing.
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1.5 Canada

1.5.1 Area Sources

 File: AS2000_SMOKEready.txt obtained from 

ftp://ftp.epa.gov/EmisInventory/canada_2000inventory

 Fugitive dust correction: We applied “divide-by-four” correction for SCC’s listed 

at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust; this adjustment was 

performed outside SMOKE with in-house Fortran programs. No county/provincespecific correction factors were available for Canada

1.5.2 Nonroad Sources

 File: NONROAD2000_SMOKEready.txt obtained from 

ftp://ftp.epa.gov/EmisInventory/canada_2000inventory

1.5.3 Mobile Sources

 File: MOBILE2000_SMOKEready.txt obtained from 

ftp://ftp.epa.gov/EmisInventory/canada_2000inventory

 Fugitive dust correction: applied “divide-by-four” correction for SCC’s listed at 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust; this adjustment was 

performed outside of SMOKE with in-house Fortran programs. No 

county/province-specific correction factors were available for Canada.

1.5.4 Point Sources

There has long been difficulty in obtaining an up-to-date Canadian criteria 

emissions inventory for point sources. This is due largely to confidentiality rights 

afforded to Canadian facilities. Thus far, the most recent inventory of Canadian point 

sources is rooted in the 1985 NAPAP data and is close to two decades old. Because there 

are a number of high emitting industrial facilities in southern Canada it is of particular 

importance to have a reasonably accurate inventory of these sources especially when 

modeling air quality over the Northeast and Midwest United States. Toward this end, an 

effort was made to obtain more recent Canadian point source data and incorporate it into 

an inventory database, which could then be used for the 2002 OTC air quality modeling.

Perhaps the most accurate and publicly accessible source of Canadian pollutant 

data is now available from the National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) database. 

This database contains 268 substances. Facilities that manufacture, process or otherwise 

use one of these substances and that meet reporting thresholds are required to report these 

emissions to Environment Canada on an annual basis. The NPRI data are available at 

Environment Canada’s website and can be found at the link 

http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/npri/npri_home_e.cfm. The page hosts an on-line search engine 

where one can locate emissions by pollutant or location. In addition, the entire database is 

available for download as an MS Access or Excel file. The NPRI database contains 
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numerous pages with a rather comprehensive list of information. Detailed information is 

available about each facility, including location, activity and annual emissions. In

addition, facilities having stacks with a height of 50 meters or more are required to report 

stack parameters. 

Unfortunately, one of the limitations of the NPRI database for modeling purposes 

is that the data are only available at the facility level. Emissions models require process 

level information, so in order to use this data, a few generalizations had to be made. Each 

facility has a Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code associated with it; however, 

emissions models require Source Classification Codes (SCC’s). SCC’s are of critical 

importance as the emissions models use these codes for assignment of temporal and 

speciation profiles. SIC codes describe the general activity of a facility while SCC codes 

describe specific processes taking place at each facility. While no direct relationship 

exists between these two codes, a general albeit subjective association can be made. 

For the purposes of creating a model-ready inventory file it was necessary to obtain the 

whole NPRI database. After merging all the necessary components from the NPRI

database required in the SMOKE inventory file, the SIC code from each facility was 

examined and assigned an SCC code. In most cases, only a SCC3 level code was 

assigned with confidence. While this is admittedly a less than desirable process, it does 

allow for the use of the most recent emissions from the NPRI database to be used in 

modeling. Furthermore, having some level of SCC associated with these emissions will 

ensure that they will be assigned a temporal and speciation profile by the model, other 

than the default. Once the model-ready inventory file was developed, it was processed 

through SMOKE. 

2. Mobile6 Processing

2.1 MANE-VU

2.1.1 Mobile6 input files

 Month-specific input files were prepared by PECHAN and NESCAUM and were 

downloaded from http://bronze.nescaum.org/Private/junghun/MANEVU/onroad_ver3_update/MANEVU_V3_update.tar

 Added the line “REBUILD EFFECTS :0.10” to each file before the 

SCENARIO record to override the Mobile6 default setting of 0.9 (90%) for the 

“chip reflash” effectiveness

2.1.2 SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files

 SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files were prepared by PECHAN and NESCAUM and 

were downloaded from http://bronze.nescaum.org/Private/junghun/MANEVU/onroad_ver3_update/MANEVU_V3_update.tar
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2.1.3 Temperature averaging

 Following the setting in the MANEVU_2002_mvref.txt files, the following 

procedures were used by SMOKE for temporal and spatial temperature averaging 

in the calculation of emission factors:

o Spatial averaging: temperatures were averaged over all counties that share 

a common reference county (i.e. Mobile6 input file)

o Temporal averaging for May – September emissions processing: no 

temporal averaging was used, i.e. day-specific temperatures were used to 

calculate emission factors for each day.

o Temporal averaging for non-summer-months emissions processing: 

Temporal averaging over the duration of the episode (i.e. the entire month, 

see introduction) was used, i.e. monthly average temperatures were used 

to calculate the emission factors.

2.2 CENRAP

2.2.1 Mobile6 input files

 Mobile6 input files for the CENRAP region for January and July were contained 

in the files central_M6_{MMM}.zip, north_M6_{MMM}.zip, 

south_M6_{MMM}.zip, west_M6_{MMM}.zip where {MMM} is either jan or 

jul. July input files were used for April – September processing, while January

input files were used for the remaining months

 All files were downloaded from the CENRAP ftp site in March 2006.

2.2.2 SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files

 SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files were contained in the files central_M6_RD.zip, 

north_M6_RD.zip, south_M6_RD.zip, and west_M6_RD.zip. The SMOKE 

MCREF, MVREF, and MCODES files were contained in the file 

MOBILESMOKE_Inputs.zip. The MCREF and MVREF files were combined for 

the different regions (“central”, “east”, “west”, “north”)

 All files were downloaded from the CENRAP ftp site in March 2006.

2.2.3 Temperature averaging

 The following procedures were used by SMOKE for temporal and spatial 

temperature averaging in the calculation of emission factors according to the 

setting in the mvref files:

o Spatial averaging: no spatial averaging of temperatures, i.e. the 

temperatures for the reference county is used to calculate emission factors 

for all counties that share this reference county (i.e. Mobile6 input file)

o Temporal averaging: Temporal averaging over the duration of the episode 

(i.e. the entire month, see introduction) was used, i.e. monthly average 

temperatures were used to calculate the emission factors.
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2.3 VISTAS

2.3.1 Mobile6 input files

 Month-specific Mobile6 input files were obtained from the Alpine Geophysics ftp 

site in July 2006. They reflect version BaseG of the VISTAS inventory.

2.3.2 SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files

 SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files utilized were obtained from the Alpine 

Geophysics ftp site in July 2006. They reflect version BaseG of the VISTAS

inventory. 

2.3.3 Temperature averaging

 The following procedures were used by SMOKE for the temporal and spatial 

temperature averaging in the calculation of emission factors according to the 

setting in the mvref_baseg.36k.ag.txt file:

o Spatial averaging: temperatures averaged over all counties that share a 

common reference county (i.e. Mobile6 input file)

o Temporal averaging: Temporal averaging over the duration of the episode 

(i.e. the entire month, see introduction) was used, i.e. monthly average 

temperatures were used to calculate the emission factors.

2.4 MRPO

2.4.1 Mobile6 input files

 Month-specific Mobile6 input files for SMOKE modeling were generated by 

Alpine Geophysics through a contract from MARAMA. They are based on 

version BaseK of the MRPO inventory. The files were downloaded from the 

MARAMA ftp site ftp.marama.org (username mane-vu, password exchange) in 

May 2006.

2.4.2 SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files

 SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files for SMOKE modeling were generated by Alpine 

Geophysics through a contract from MARAMA. They are based on version 

BaseK of the MRPO inventory. The files were downloaded from the MARAMA 

ftp site ftp.marama.org (username mane-vu, password exchange) in May 2006. 

2.4.3 Temperature averaging

 The following procedures were used by SMOKE for the temporal and spatial 

temperature averaging in the calculation of emission factors according to the 

setting in the mvreg_mrpo_basek.txt file:

o Spatial averaging: temperatures averaged over all counties that share a 

common reference county (i.e. Mobile6 input file)
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o Temporal averaging: Temporal averaging over the duration of the episode 

(i.e. the entire month, see introduction) was used, i.e. monthly average 

temperatures were used to calculate the emission factors.

3. Biogenic Emission Processing

Hourly gridded biogenic emissions for the 12 km and 36 km modeling domains 

were calculated by BEIS3.12 through SMOKE, using MCIP-processed MM5 fields for 

temperature (“TA”, layer-1 temperature), solar radiation (“RGRND”), surface pressure 

(“PRES”), and precipitation (“RN” and “RC”). A ‘seasonal switch’ file was generated by 

the SMOKE utility metscan to determine whether winter or summer emission factors 

should be used for any given grid cell on any given day. Winter emission factors are used 

from January 1st through the date of the last frost and again from the data of the first frost 

in fall through December 31st. Summer emission factors are used for the time period in 

between. This calculation is performed separately for each grid cell.

4. Temporal Allocation

4.1 MANE-VU

4.1.1 Area and nonroad sources

 Generated as part of the MANE-VU version 1 inventory

 amptpro.m3.us+can.manevu.030205.txt

 amptref.m3.manevu.012405.txt

 downloaded from ftp.marama.org (username mane-vu, password exchange) in 

January 2005

4.1.2 Mobile sources

 MANEVU_2002_mtpro_02022006_addCT.txt

 MANEVU_2002_mtref_02022006_addCT.txt

 prepared by PECHAN and NESCAUM and downloaded from 

http://bronze.nescaum.org/Private/junghun/MANEVU/onroad_ver3_update/MANEVU_V3_update.tar

4.1.3 Point Sources

 Based on the same files as for the MANE-VU area and nonroad temporal files 

listed above, but added the CEM-based 2002 state-specific temporal profiles and 

cross-references for EGU sources for the MANE-VU states that were generated 

by VISTAS for their BaseD modeling and obtained in February 2005.

 No CEM-based hour-specific EGU emissions were utilized

4.2 CENRAP

The following temporal profiles and cross-reference files were used:
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 Area and nonroad sources:

o amptpro.m3.us+can.cenrap.010605_incl_nrd.txt

o amptref.m3.cenrap.010605_add_nh3_and_nrd.txt

 Mobile sources:

o mtpro.cenrap.v3.txt

o mtref.cenrap.v3.txt

 Point sources:

o ptpro.{QQ}.cenrap_egus_cem.00-03avg.121205.txt where {QQ} is Q1 for 

January/February/March, Q2 for April/May/June, etc.

o ptref.{QQ}.cenrap_egus_cem.00-03avg.121205.txt where {QQ} is Q1 for 

January/February/March, Q2 for April/May/June, etc.

 All files were downloaded from the CENRAP ftp site in March 2006.

4.3 VISTAS

The following month-specific temporal profiles and cross-reference files were used:

 Area and nonroad sources:

o atpro_vistas_basef_15jul05.txt

o atref_vistas_basef_15jul05.txt

 Mobile sources:

o mtpro_vistas_basef_04jul05.txt

o mtref_us_can_vistas_basef_04jul05.txt

 Point sources:

o ptpro_typ_{MMM}_vistasg_28jun2006.txt where {MMM} is jan, feb, 

mar, etc.

o ptref_typ_vistas_baseg_28jun2006.txt

 These files were obtained from the Alpine Geophysics ftp site. They reflect 

version BaseG of the VISTAS inventory for the point source allocation files and 

version BaseF for the area, nonroad, and mobile source allocation files. These 

files were downloaded between February and July, 2006.

4.4 MRPO

The following month-specific temporal profiles and cross-reference files were used for 

all source categories:

 amptpro_typ_us_can_{MMM}_vistas_27nov04.txt where {MMM} is jan, feb, 

mar, etc.

 amptref_2002_us_can_vistas_17dec04.txt

 These files were obtained from VISTAS in January 2005 and reflect their BaseD 

modeling. No updated temporal profiles or cross-reference files were developed 

for use with the MRPO BaseK inventory.

4.5 Canada 

For Canada, the SMOKE2.1 default temporal profiles and cross-reference files 

(amptpro.m3.us+can.txt and amptref.m3.us+can.txt) were utilized.
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5. Speciation

The same speciation profiles (gspro.cmaq.cb4p25.txt) and cross-references 

(gsref.cmaq.cb4p25.txt) were utilized for all regions and all source categories. Different 

versions of these files were obtained (SMOKE2.1 default, EPA-CAIR modeling, 

VISTAS, CENRAP and MANE-VU) and compared. After comparing the creation dates 

and header lines of these files, it was determined that the EPA-CAIR and MANE-VU 

files had the most recent updates, and consequently the final speciation profile and crossreference files used for all regions and source categories was based on the EPA-CAIR 

files with the addition of MANE-VU specific updates.

6. Spatial Allocation

6.1 U.S.

The spatial surrogates for the 12km domain were extracted from the national grid 12km 

U.S. gridding surrogates posted at EPA’s website at 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/spatial/newsurrogate.html

The gridding cross-references were also obtained from this website, but for the 

processing of MANE-VU area source emissions, MANE-VU specific cross-reference 

entries posted on the MARAMA ftp site were added.

6.2 Canada

The spatial surrogates for Canadian emissions for the 12km domain were extracted from 

the national grid 12km Canadian gridding surrogates posted at EPA’s website at 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/spatial/newsurrogate.html

The gridding cross-references were also obtained from this website.

Reference:

Pechan: (2006) Technical Support document for 2002 MANE-VU SIP Modeling 

inventories, version 3. Prepared by E. H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. 3622 Lyckan 

Parkway, Suite 2005, Durham, NC 27707.