COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA

Present: Judges Fulton, Ortiz and Senior Judge Petty

Argued at Lexington, Virginia

KEITH CAVELLE MITCHELL

MEMORANDUM OPINION* BY

v. Record No. 0023-22-3 JUDGE DANIEL E. ORTIZ

NOVEMBER 9, 2022

COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA

FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF AMHERST COUNTY

Michael T. Garrett, Judge

(Herbert E. Taylor, III; The Law Offices of Herbert E. Taylor, III, 

PLLC, on brief), for appellant. Appellant submitting on brief.

John Beamer, Assistant Attorney General (Jason S. Miyares, 

Attorney General, on brief), for appellee.

Following a bench trial, the trial court convicted Keith Cavelle Mitchell of aggravated 

sexual battery of a child over the age of thirteen by a step-grandparent, in violation of Code 

§ 18.2-67.3(A)(3). The trial court sentenced Mitchell to twenty years of imprisonment with thirteen 

years suspended. Mitchell challenges the sufficiency of the evidence to sustain his conviction, 

contending that the victim’s testimony was “inconsistent and contradictory.” Because the victim’s 

testimony was not incredible as a matter of law, the evidence was sufficient to sustain Mitchell’s 

conviction. We affirm the judgment.

BACKGROUND

On May 20, 2019, seventeen-year-old B.S. lived in Amherst County with her 

grandmother and Mitchell, her grandmother’s spouse. That morning, B.S. was sleeping in her 

bedroom. She was not wearing clothing because of a severe sunburn. Mitchell entered the 

* Pursuant to Code § 17.1-413, this opinion is not designated for publication.

UNPUBLISHED
- 2 -

bedroom to wake B.S. for school. He told her that he “had something” to help her sunburn. He

left the room and returned with what B.S. thought was Vaseline. He then pulled away the 

blanket covering B.S.’s legs and rubbed the back of her legs and back with the Vaseline. 

Mitchell then removed the covers completely and rubbed her buttocks. Although she could not 

remember how, at some point B.S. was turned onto her back. Mitchell then rubbed the front of 

her legs and breasts. B.S. “just kind of froze” and “didn’t know what to do anymore.” Mitchell

removed his pants, got on top of B.S., and penetrated her vagina with his penis. After, Mitchell

put on his clothes and left the room. B.S. showered, dressed, and took the bus to school. At 

school, B.S. reported what happened to a friend.

Investigator Gregory Jones interviewed Mitchell about B.S.’s allegation the next day.

When Jones asked whether Mitchell’s DNA might be found in B.S.’s bed, Mitchell claimed that 

he slept there occasionally because of his snoring. Mitchell further stated that B.S. had already 

left for school when he awoke on May 20, 2019.

On May 21, 2019, a sexual assault nurse examiner collected evidence from B.S.’s body. 

DNA testing proved that Mitchell could not be eliminated as the contributor to the sperm fraction 

found in the sample taken from B.S.’s vagina and cervical area.

On January 21, 2020, Jones interviewed Mitchell again, due to the DNA testing results. 

When Jones asked Mitchell to explain the results, Mitchell initially stated that “it couldn’t be 

him” and that he did not enter B.S.’s bedroom. Mitchell then stated that he rubbed Vaseline on 

B.S. for her sunburn and became sexually aroused. He said that he rubbed his penis on her legs 

and ejaculated. He claimed that he penetrated her vagina with two fingers, but not his penis.

At trial, Mitchell testified that he did not touch B.S. in an inappropriate manner and that 

he did not leave his bedroom until after she had gone to school. Mitchell claimed that he was 

anxious when he spoke to Jones in January 2020, but he could not otherwise explain why he 
- 3 -

made the statement about penetrating B.S.’s vagina with his fingers. Mitchell also admitted 

having a prior felony conviction.

ANALYSIS

On appeal, Mitchell challenges the sufficiency of the evidence to sustain his conviction 

for aggravated sexual battery. Under Code § 18.2-67.3(A)(3), “[a]n accused is guilty of 

aggravated sexual battery if he or she sexually abuses the complaining witness, and . . . [t]he 

offense is committed by a parent, step-parent, grandparent, or step-grandparent and the 

complaining witness is at least 13 but less than 18 years of age . . . .”

“On review of the sufficiency of the evidence, ‘the judgment of the trial court is 

presumed correct and will not be disturbed unless it is plainly wrong or without evidence to 

support it.’” Ingram v. Commonwealth, 74 Va. App. 59, 76 (2021) (quoting Smith v. 

Commonwealth, 296 Va. 450, 460 (2018)). “The question on appeal, is whether ‘any rational 

trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt.’”

Id. (quoting Yoder v. Commonwealth, 298 Va. 180, 182 (2019)). “If there is evidentiary support 

for the conviction, ‘the reviewing court is not permitted to substitute its own judgment, even if its 

opinion might differ from the conclusions reached by the finder of fact at the trial.’” Chavez v. 

Commonwealth, 69 Va. App. 149, 161 (2018) (quoting Banks v. Commonwealth, 67 Va. App.

273, 288 (2017)).

We view the facts in the “light most favorable to the Commonwealth, the prevailing party 

at trial.” Gerald v. Commonwealth, 295 Va. 469, 472 (2018) (quoting Scott v. Commonwealth, 

292 Va. 380, 381 (2016)). In doing so, we discard any of Mitchell’s conflicting evidence, and 

“regard as true all credible evidence favorable to the Commonwealth and all fair inferences to be 

drawn therefrom.” Id. at 473 (quoting Kelley v. Commonwealth, 289 Va. 463, 467-68 (2015)).
- 4 -

Mitchell argues that B.S.’s testimony was inconsistent and therefore not credible. 

However, the trial court accepted B.S.’s testimony and rejected Mitchell’s testimony and

arguments in finding Mitchell guilty. “The fact finder, who has the opportunity to see and hear 

the witnesses, has the sole responsibility to determine their credibility, the weight to be given 

their testimony, and the inferences to be drawn from proven facts.” Rams v. Commonwealth, 70 

Va. App. 12, 26-27 (2019) (quoting Hamilton v. Commonwealth, 279 Va. 94, 105 (2010)). 

“When ‘credibility issues have been resolved by the [fact finder] in favor of the Commonwealth, 

those findings will not be disturbed on appeal unless plainly wrong.’” Towler v. Commonwealth, 

59 Va. App. 284, 291 (2011) (quoting Corvin v. Commonwealth, 13 Va. App. 296, 299 (1991)). 

“In its role of judging witness credibility, the fact finder is entitled to disbelieve the self-serving 

testimony of the accused and to conclude that the accused is lying to conceal his guilt.” 

Flanagan v. Commonwealth, 58 Va. App. 681, 702 (2011) (quoting Marable v. Commonwealth, 

27 Va. App. 505, 509-10 (1998)).

“[T]his [C]ourt will not seek to pass upon the credibility of the witnesses where their 

[testimony] is not inherently incredible.” Gerald, 295 Va. at 486 (first and second alterations in 

original) (quoting Rogers v. Commonwealth, 183 Va. 190, 201-02 (1944)). “Evidence is not 

‘incredible’ unless it is ‘so manifestly false that reasonable men ought not to believe it’ or 

‘shown to be false by objects or things as to the existence and meaning of which reasonable men 

should not differ.’” Id. at 487 (quoting Juniper v. Commonwealth, 271 Va. 362, 415 (2006)).

The record does not reflect that B.S.’s testimony was inherently incredible. Contrary to 

Mitchell’s assertions, B.S. consistently testified that Mitchell entered her bedroom while she was 

naked; rubbed Vaseline on her legs, buttocks, and breasts; removed his pants; and penetrated her 

vagina with his penis. B.S. reported the attack to a friend that same day and submitted to a 

sexual assault examination the next day. Her testimony was corroborated by DNA testing, which
- 5 -

proved that Mitchell’s sperm was in B.S.’s vagina. Finally, when confronted with the DNA 

evidence, Mitchell admitted that he became aroused, touched B.S. inappropriately, inserted his 

fingers into her vagina, and ejaculated. Considering these facts and circumstances, a reasonable 

finder of fact could conclude beyond a reasonable doubt that Mitchell was guilty of aggravated 

sexual battery.

CONCLUSION

For the foregoing reasons, we find that the evidence was sufficient to prove Mitchell’s

guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. We affirm his conviction.

Affirmed.