National Park Service

U.S. Department of the Interior

Natural Resource

Stewardship and Science

Funding the Natural Resource Challenge

A Report to Congress, Fiscal Year 2002
Contents

1 Executive Summary

4 Strategic Planning

11 Emerging Trends

11 Parks: The Front Lines in Natural Heritage Preservation

11 Applying the Results: Out of the File Cabinet and Off the Computer

12 Leveraging

13 Partnerships Bring Results

15 Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments, and Financial Summaries

15 Complete Park Inventories and Monitor Park Resources Theme

Inventory and Monitoring Program

Water Resource Monitoring

Air Quality Monitoring

Air Emissions Inventory

Making Natural Resource Data Useable

27 Mitigate Damaged Resources Theme

Funding Increases to Parks

Natural Resource Preservation Program

Native and Nonnative Species Management

Geologic Resource Protection

Water Resource Protection

Establish Resource Protection Fund

Implementation of Resource Protection Act

49 Attract Good Science and Scientists Theme

50 Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units

50 Learning Centers
Contents

56 Financial Details

56-57 Natural Resource Challenge Funding History 

59 Appendices

59 Park Alpha Code Directory

67 Appendix A:Projected Completion Schedule for Baseline Inventories

68 Appendix B: Amount of Funding for Major Vegetation Mapping Projects

69 Appendix C: Network Funding for Vertebrate and Vascular Plant Inventories

70 Appendix D: Allocations for Inventories Other Than Network Biological Inventories 

71 Appendix E: Natural Resource Preservation Program Projects

81 Appendix F: Allocation of Water Quality Vital Signs

82 Appendix G: Water Quality Protection Projects

84 Appendix H: USGS Biological Resources Discipline Park-Oriented Biological 

Support, Summary of Progress Made in Fiscal Year 2002

88 Appendix I: Projects and Activities Supported with Natural Resource

Challenge Funding Allocated for Cooperative Ecosystems Studies Units

National Park Service 1

Executive Summary

Funding the Natural Resource Challenge

Fiscal Year 2002 is the National Park

Service's third annual report documenting the expenditures and related accomplishments of the Natural Resource Challenge. The

Challenge, a multi-year action plan, provides

the framework national parks are now using to

successfully preserve the natural resources protected by the National Park Service, while at the

same time improving access to the public. 

House Report 106-22 for FY 2000 calls for the

National Park Service to demonstrate

accountability for stewardship responsibilities

and financial commitments. This report,

Funding the Natural Resource Challenge FY

2002, fulfills that obligation and communicates

the extremely successful implementation of

the Challenge to date. 

The President has also placed a high priority

on the Challenge, committing during his presidential campaign to invest an additional $100

million in this program. In 2001, base funding

for the Natural Resource Challenge was $29.6

million. Including requested increases in funding in the President’s 2004 Budget Request,

base funding for the Natural Resource

Challenge initiative will total $76.1 million in

2004. This will mark a cumulative increase in

funding for the Natural Resource Challenge

since 2001 of nearly $104 million.

This Challenge report is organized around

three central themes: 1) Complete Park

Inventories and Monitor Park Resources—to

determine what exists in national parks and if

these resources are being protected. 2)

Mitigate Damaged Resources; fix the current

problems. 3) Attract Good Science and

Scientists—in order to base all decisions on

good science by attracting qualified scientists. 

This report outlines key emerging and evolving patterns, places the Challenge initiative

within the NPS strategic planning context, and

provides a synopsis of the activities initiated or

completed with Challenge funding. 

Typically, Natural Resource Challenge funds

are distributed based on 1) the need for the

work to be accomplished (which is determined by Servicewide assessments); 2) the

ability of the parks to successfully complete

the work, determined through a competitive

peer review process; and 3) accountability

(dollars spent and results achieved are closely

monitored).

The Challenge funded four programs in FY

2000: inventories of plants and animals for 270

parks, the Natural Resource Preservation

Program, native and nonnative species management, and geologic resource preservation.

Funding in FY 2001 added or expanded nine

other programs: vegetation mapping, water

quality monitoring, air emissions inventory,

park vital signs monitoring, making natural

resource data useable, park resource preservation programs, water resource protection,

park research and learning centers, and

Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units

(CESUs)—partnerships with universities. In

FY 2002, these 13 programs continued, and air

quality monitoring, Resource Protection Fund,

and Resource Protection Act implementation

were added. 

As the Challenge actions are implemented,

important changes are occurring in the way

THE GOAL OF THE CHALLENGE IS TO UNDERSTAND, MEASURE, AND 

IMPROVE THE HEALTH OF PARK ECOSYSTEMS.
2 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

the National Park Service manages resources.

Natural resource managers are working together to inventory, monitor, and preserve and

maintain national park resources. Small parks

are receiving attention and help as part of

organized monitoring networks. Park resource

inventories now range from the most basic list

of species to maps and datasets describing

complex assemblages of plants and animals

and their physical environments. Future assessments of change, predictive capabilities, and

actions taken by NPS partners and collaborators to preserve natural heritage and plans for

accommodating and improving visitor access

are based on these data. 

To ensure the successful preservation of park

natural resources through the Challenge plan,

the National Park Service adopted two key

strategies. First, 270 natural resource parks

were organized into a series of 32 networks in

order to share capabilities. Parks within these

networks coordinate fieldwork, share staff and

equipment, implement smart business practices jointly, and develop resource trend data

indicative of the network at large. Through

cooperation, duplication of effort and costs are

reduced and the integrity of resource and science programs improved. Parks share learning

centers, Exotic Plant Management Teams,

aquatic specialists, and other joint activities. 

The second strategy for success involves

Executive Summary

Natural Resource Challenge Funding in Fiscal Year 2002 1/

Increase Cumulative 2/

Complete Park Inventories and Monitor Park Resources Theme

Natural Resource Inventories $ 0 $ 7,309,000

Vegetation Mapping 0 1,746,000

Park Vital Signs Monitoring 4,200,000 8,391,000

Water Resource Monitoring 0 1,272,000

Air Quality Monitoring 2,600,000 2,600,000

Air Emissions Inventory 0 200,000

Making Natural Resource Data Useable 0 1,098,000

Subtotal $6,800,000 $22,616,000

Mitigate Damaged Resources Theme

Funding Increases to Parks $ 3,200,000 $ 6,595,000

Natural Resource Preservation Program 4,000,000 6,875,000

Native/Nonnative Species Management 2,400,000 5,849,000

Establish Resource Protection Fund 300,000 300,000

Geologic Resource Protection 0 696,000

Water Resource Protection 1,000,000 1,823,000

Resource Protection Act Implementation 500,000 500,000

Subtotal $11,400,000 $22,638,000

Attract Good Science and Scientists Theme

Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units $ 0 $ 1,596,000

Learning Centers 1,800,000 2,698,000 

Subtotal $ 1,800,000 $ 4,294,000 

Total Increase $20,000,000 $49,548,000

1/ See page 56 for funding history in the context of the resource stewardship budget

2/ Including increases received in FY 2000 and FY 2001
National Park Service 3

Executive Summary

approaching each large and complex Challenge

program incrementally. Programs have been

initiated with a few parks or networks, with

more added each year as experience dictates.

Emphasis is placed on building on the experience gained from early efforts to improve subsequent activities. 

In FY 2002, emphasis continued to be placed

on completing natural resource inventories,

while the effort to institutionalize park vital

signs monitoring increased. The Mitigate

Damaged Resources Theme grew in emphasis,

becoming as important as the Complete Park

Inventories and Monitor Park Resources theme.

The National Park System reflects our nation's

natural heritage. The Natural Resource

Challenge provides the National Park Service

with the strategic tools to preserve that heritage

by providing the organizational capability to

confront issues and resolve problems with

good science. In doing so, as reflected in the

following section, Strategic Planning, the

Challenge is significantly aiding the National

Park Service in accomplishment of its strategic

plan goals.

The preservation of park resources progresses

significantly. The vast majority of funds

received under the Challenge resolved park

issues or placed information and tools into the

hands of park managers. Remaining funds paid

for developing expertise and Servicewide systems that are useful to park managers and

directly support them. 

As an unexpected result of the availability and

application of Challenge funding, an important

trend of greatly enhanced entrepreneurialism

emerged. Challenge dollars have been leveraged from a variety of other sources as demonstrated under the themes: Complete Park

Inventories and Monitor Park Resources and

Attract Good Science and Scientists. 

Partnerships are flourishing across all three

themes of the Challenge.

National Park Service

Biological Sciences

Technician Cheryl

Guster (foreground)

ans seasonal employee

Adrienne Harris prepare E. coli samples 

for analysis.
4 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Strategic Planning

I

n managing the natural resources of the

National Park System the desired outcome

is resources in good condition (i.e., unimpaired for present and future generations).

Many factors contribute to a particular

resource's condition, including stable communities of plants and animals with appropriate

population sizes, trends, distribution, age and

sex ratios, and individual animal health.

Determining the appropriate factors needed to

measure the ecologically diverse National Park

System is complicated. The National Park

Service needs scientifically based information

on the condition of the resources in order to

develop appropriate management strategies.

The National Park Service also works with

stakeholders and partners to determine effective strategies, and regularly tracks the effectiveness of natural resource management activities.

Development of the initial National Park

Service Strategic Plan (1997) and the Challenge

were closely linked. Activities associated with

the Challenge have contributed to achievement

of nearly all the long-term Servicewide goals

directly connected to resource preservation. Of

particular note are contributions dealing with

natural resource inventories, park vital signs,

invasive nonnative species management, threatened and endangered species protection, and

visitor understanding and appreciation. The

framework for assessing NPS accomplishment

of Government Performance and Results Act

(GPRA) goals in FY 2002 is found in the 2002

Annual Performance Plan. 

Highlights of activities conducted under the

Challenge supporting individual mission and

long-term goals are explained in this chapter.

Strategic Plan Goal One

The National Park Service aims to ensure that

natural, cultural, and associated values are protected, restored, and maintained in good condition and managed within their broader

ecosystem context. Examples of how this goal

is being accomplished follow.

Disturbed Lands

The National Park Service uses Challenge

funds to restore and protect natural resources.

Throughout the National Park System many

areas have been severely disturbed by roads,

mineral exploration and development, and

agricultural improvements such as dams and

canals. These areas require intensive rehabilitation efforts. From FY 2000 to FY 2002 the

Nature Resources Preservation

Performance Measures FY 2002 Actual FY 2003 Estimate FY 2004 Estimate

Federally listed species found in parks 14.5% improved (64 of 442) 14.5% improved (64 of 442) 33% 

making progress toward recovery 22.3% stable (99 of 442) 22.3% stable (99 of 442) (328 of 990)

Improvement of park air quality (percent 51% 63% 65% 

from 1997 baseline performance measure)

Acres of disturbed park lands restored 3.8% 5.2% 4,700

(cumulative) (8,565 of 0.22m) (11,500 of 0.22m) New Baseline

Park units with unimpaired water quality 64% 65% 65%

as defined by Clean Water Act (184 of 288) (187 of 288) (187 of 288)

Park lands with exotic plant invasion 3.9% 4.6% 1.5%

effectively controlled (105,000 of 2.657m) (122,600 of 2.657m) Baseline TBD
National Park Service 5

Strategic Planning

National Park Service exceeded its own goal of

restoring 8,900 acres by more than 3,100 acres.

In FY 2002 the National Park Service supported 12 natural resource preservation projects

that will restore 2,700 acres when completed. 

Examples of projects funded in FY 2002

include: 

• restoring an abandoned road through

sensitive wetland and thermal areas in

Yellowstone National Park,

• returning man-made impoundments to

free-flowing streams that provide brook

trout habitat in St. Croix National

Scenic River, 

• removing a road corridor to restore a

functioning floodplain in Pinnacles

National Monument, 

• rehabilitating areas disturbed by unauthorized off-road-vehicle use in Lake

Mead National Monument, 

• plugging artesian wells to restore native

dune habitat and conserve groundwater

resources at Fire Island National

Seashore, and 

• identifying appropriate restoration

actions for unique and fragile areas at

Palo Alto Battlefield National Historic

Site and Big Bend National Park.

Nonnative Plants 

During FY 2002, nine Exotic Plant

Management Teams funded by the Challenge

focused their control efforts on 100 high-priority invasisve nonnative species, treated 68,751

infested acres, retreated 329 acres, inventoried

29,304 acres, and monitored 34,865 acres. The

teams exceeded the FY 2002 containment goal

for invasive nonnative species. The National

Park Service used Natural Resource

Preservation Program small park funds on at

least 10 projects addressing control of invasive

nonnative species. Of the parks that received

base increases, 26 addressed invasive nonnative

plant species management in FY 2002. 

Twenty-nine parks received approximately $3.6

million in increases to manage invasive nonnative species. Two examples of this work follow.

• In winter 2002-2003, the last stand of

melaleuca was treated at Big Cypress

National Preserve. This marks a

decades-long battle against this invasive

nonnative species, which grows rapidly

and produces dense forests that displace native plants and provide little

food for wildlife. The National Park

Service, which has treated about 14 million stems since 1984, may be the first

land management agency to bring

melaleuca to the maintenance management level across such a large landmass

(having treated about 14 million stems

since 1984). Exotic plant management

teams will check treated sites in the

729,000-acre preserve to ensure that no

seedling establishment occurs.

• Stones River National Battlefield targeted 46 invasive nonnative species on

Caribou Creek in Denali National Park and

Preserve, Alaska has been the target of recent

disturbed lands restoration efforts to repair a

stream’s flow and remove scrap steel, old mining

equipment including sluice boxes, conveyors, several old trucks, scrap bridge steel support, and

other trash. The picture shows the Caribou Creek

valley bottom and floodplain and flattened tailings piles used by miners as an airstrip. The

creek’s channel was trapped between the tailings

piles and hills on either side of the valley.

Following restoration efforts the tailings piles

have been removed and the stream banks recontoured to allow for a more natural course.
6 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Strategic Planning

about 250 acres in culturally and ecologically significant and highly visible

areas. This number represents an

increase of 24 species over last year. The

Tennessee Exotic Pest Plant Council

considered the species targeted significant or severe threats. 

Threatened and Endangered Species 

As of FY 2002, there are 1,129 populations of

threatened, endangered, proposed, and candidate species known to be on

NPS managed lands. At least

380 (34%) of these populations

are making some progress

towards recovery, exceeding the

NPS goal of 15.2% by September

2002. A total of 86 populations

(7.6%) are known to be improving. Another 294 (26%) populations are stable or not at risk,

exceeding the mission goal of

21.3%. Natural Resource

Preservation Program funds

supported 12 projects dealing with listed

species. Four projects were funded through

Biological Resource Management Division

competitive project funds. Eight parks received

park base increases funded by the Challenge.

This $1.1 million supported work related to

addressing threatened and endangered species

issues. Examples follow.

• Minnesota is using information from

inventories at Mississippi National

River and Recreation Area to relocate

threatened and endangered mussels to

stretches that can serve as refuges. 

• Dinosaur National Monument is studying nonnative brown and rainbow trout

to help recover four endangered Green

River fish species threatened by the

nonnative trout species. 

Native Species of Special Concern 

The Challenge helps parks meet their park

level goals for keeping populations of plant and

animal species of concern at scientifically

acceptable levels.

• Challenge funded work is protecting

important native fish species. Efforts at

Great Basin National Park helped prevent

the listing of the Bonneville cutthroat trout

under the Endangered Species Act. At

Yellowstone National Park, efforts to protect Yellowstone cutthroat trout from nonnatives increased seven to nine times over

earlier efforts as a result of Challengefunded projects. Native brook trout are

being restored at Great Smoky Mountains.

• Information collected about declining

amphibians contributes to protection

strategies. Surveys documented severe

declines in yellow-legged frog populations

native to high sierra lakes at Sequoia and

Kings Canyon National Parks. As a result,

restoration projects are underway. Surveys

at Cape Cod located a regionally significant population of eastern spadefoot toad

and identified specific road areas as

threats. The information helps determine

possible management options.

• The Park Flight Migratory Bird Program,

in its second year, funded 7 bird conservation and education projects, benefiting 13

U.S. national parks and protected areas in

Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua,

Honduras, Panama, and Mexico.

Air Quality 

In FY 2002, 28 of 51 (55%) park areas reported

that air quality has remained stable or

improved. The air quality goal performance

measure is based on 10-year trends of ozone,

visibility, and acid deposition air quality data.

The air quality data inventory has been completed for 250 of the 270 natural resource parks.

Audits of in-park air pollution sources were initiated in over 50 parks. The National Park Service

is expanding its air quality monitoring network

to improve eco-regional and geographic coverage, with emphasis on units most threatened by

air pollution or most vulnerable to degradation.

The National Park Service's August 2002

report, Air Quality in the National Parks,

Second Edition, summarizes the results of 10

years (1990-1999) of air quality monitoring

A federally

endangered

Karner Blue

butterfly at

Indiana Dunes

National

Lakeshore.
National Park Service 7

Strategic Planning

activities in 32 national parks. According to the

report, air quality is improving or remaining

stable in more than half of the parks monitored, but restoring clean air to parks will

require continuing efforts. Twenty-three parks

showed a same or decrease in sulfate levels,

while 14 showed a same or decrease in nitrate

levels. Fourteen parks showed same or lower

levels of both sulfates and nitrates. Groundlevel ozone levels improved in eight parks, but

deteriorated or stayed the same in 21 parks.

Water Quality

Presently, approximately 65% (184) of National

Park System units have unimpaired water quality. (Thirty-five percent have within their

boundaries one or more water bodies with

some type of impairment to recreation or

aquatic life support.) A mission goal of the

Strategic Plan was to improve the water quality

of 70% of park units to an unimpaired level by

the end of September 2002. Examples of

efforts to improve water quality follow. 

• Channel Islands National Park completed a water quality monitoring project

assessing vegetation and stream morphology on Santa Rosa Island, with the

goal of documenting changes in water

quality since cattle were removed from

the island in 1998. Work included channel morphology, vegetation sampling,

inorganic and bacterial water quality

sampling, and photopoint monitoring.

Preliminary analysis indicates that

riparian vegetative cover and diversity

have measurably increased and water

quality has improved over the last five

years. The information will be included

in a report to the State of California

Central Coast Water Quality Control

Board that will use the information to

decide whether a long-standing cleanup

or abatement order can be lifted for

Santa Rosa Island. 

• Working in concert with the U.S. Forest

Service, the National Park Service made

considerable progress in reducing toxic

metal loadings in Soda Butte Creek in

Yellowstone National Park.

• The National Park Service developed a

Servicewide water quality data management program within the

Environmental Protection Agency's

STORET national water quality database. 

Geologic and Paleontological Resources

As of the end of FY 2002, 25% of known paleontological localities in parks are in good condition and 81,320 square feet of cave floor in

parks are restored, exceeding the annual goal

of 10% of known paleontological localities in

good condition and 72,500 square feet of cave

floors restored. Using Challenge funds in FY

2001, the Geologic Resources Division conducted surveys of 278 parks for fossil

resources. Fossil Butte National Monument

used Natural Resource Preservation Program

funds to produce a geologic map of the park's

primary fossil-bearing formations. The park's

main formation, the Green River Formation,

which is from the Eocene period approximately 50 million years ago, has the greatest known

collection of vertebrate fish fossils in the world.

A map in production will have greater scope of

detail than previously available and be used by

the monument to assess the preservation success. Fossil Butte National Monument is also

completing an inventory of paleontological

resources. 

NPS employee conducts water quality monitoring

at Stones River National Battlefield, Tennessee.
8 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Strategic Plan Goal Two

The National Park Service aims to contribute

to knowledge about natural and cultural

resources and their associated values to make

sure NPS management decisions about

resources and visitors are based on adequate

scholarly and scientific information. Examples

of how this goal is being accomplished follow.

Natural Resource Inventories

By the end of FY 2002 at least 1,355 or 49% of

the outstanding natural resource inventories

were completed, exceeding the target by 4.6%.

At national parks across the country,

Challenge-funded inventory projects yielded

useful results. All 270 parks have completed

two categories of inventories, and nearly all

have finished work in another four categories.

Parks in all 32 networks were actively collecting

historical information on vouchers and species

occurrence in parks and entering these data

into the NPSpecies database. At the end of FY

2002, a total of 225,630 vouchers and 301,169

species listings were entered into the database

representing a 65% increase in documented

vouchers and a 17% increase in documented

species compared to FY 2001. During FY 2002,

each of the 32 networks received funding for

and began inventories of vertebrates and vascular plants.

Park Vital Signs

As of the end of FY 2002, 46 parks (17%) identified their vital signs, compared to the annual

goal of 54 parks. The National Park Service

implemented more stringent quality assurance

requirements in FY 2002, including three phases of peer review and approval to ensure that

monitoring addresses the most critical information needs of each park, produces scientifically credible data that is accessible to managers and researchers all in a timely manner,

builds upon existing information and understanding of park ecosystems, and makes maximum use of leveraging and partnerships with

other agencies and academia. The National

Park Service is on target to exceed this goal in

FY 2003, but the first 12 networks to be funded

under the Challenge have been given an additional six months to plan and design their

monitoring programs to meet the more stringent requirements. 

Geologic Processes

As of the end of FY 2002, 17 inventory products such as maps and reports have been produced identifying geologic processes and

human influences. The goal was 12 inventory

products within FY 2002. Examples follow.

• At Glacier National Park, analysis suggests that glaciers in the park will disappear by the year 2030. The park has

since begun to communicate this information. The park has also discovered

that 27% of the lands in several of the

mapped areas were made up of avalanche chutes, which have a significant

role in the ecosystem of the park. 

• Geologic processes are often obscured

in the urban environment. Several

drainages in George Washington

Memorial Parkway and National

Capital East have affected flows and

sediment transport, affecting the

marshes in the Potomac and

Anacostia Rivers. This information

may present an opportunity for problem solving in the future. 

Strategic Planning

Year Number Cumulative Status

to Acquire Percentage

FY00 453 19.8% Met

FY01 768 30.4% Met

FY02 1121 44.4% Met

FY03 1498 59.3% On target

FY04 1883 74.5% On target

FY05 2203 87.2% On target

Park Vital Signs FY 2002 FY2003 FY2004 

Actual Plan Plan

Vital signs 17% 40% 76%

identified (46 of 270) (108 of 270) (207 of 270)

Vital signs N/A N/A 3.7%

implemented (10 of 270)
National Park Service 9

Strategic Planning
10 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Strategic Planning

Strategic Plan Goal Three

The National Park Service will help park visitors and the general public understand and

appreciate the park resources and their preservation for this and future generations.

Examples of how this is being accomplished

follow.

Visitor Understanding and Appreciation

In FY 2002, 82% of park units reported visitors

understood the significance of the parks they

were visiting. In the four parks that began

receiving learning center funding in FY 2001,

and thus were operational in FY 2002, this

value ranged from 84% (Great Smoky

Mountains National Park) to 98% (Rocky

Mountain National Park). There are now 13

learning centers in various stages of development focused on providing opportunities for

cooperating scientists to work in parks and to

communicate the results of their work to the

public. 

• The Natural Resource Information

Division developed a Servicewide training session on communicating natural

resource topics and issues. 

• Great Smoky Mountains National Park

established the Appalachian Highlands

Learning Center at Purchase Knob. In

FY 2001, just over 1,700 people were

involved in learning center programs.

By FY 2002, with two personnel hired

for the learning center, the number of

people in learning center programs

more than doubled to 3,819. The number of research permits issued increased

by 16%. Middle and high school students are participating in inventories

and monitoring of birds, moths, and

salamanders. Students at Cherokee and

Central Haywood High Schools took

part in a snail inventory, discovering

two species new to Swain County.
National Park Service 11

Emerging Trends

Parks: The Front Lines in Natural

Heritage Preservation

Because each unit of the National Park System

is unique, the architects of the Challenge are

designing common foundations for natural

resource management programs that do not

diminish the capacity to deal with park-specific

problems and issues. Activities implemented

under the Challenge to date follow. 

• Twelve basic inventories are being completed for each of the 270 parks that

contain significant natural resources. All

270 parks have achieved significant

accomplishments, such as completion

of species lists and baseline water quality data inventories. Nearly all have completed their natural resource bibliographies (263 parks out of 270), base cartography (260 parks), air quality inventories (250 parks), and water body location and classification inventories (220

parks). Of the 3,240 inventories to be

done, 1,828 were complete by the end

of FY 2002 and another 754 were

underway. 

•The 270 parks with significant natural

resources qualify for coverage by the

Park Vital Signs Monitoring Program.

By the end of FY 2002, 101 parks in 12

networks made considerable progress

toward the difficult task of developing

integrated natural resource monitoring

programs. Another 52 parks, in 5 networks, received funding for planning

monitoring programs.

• Beginning in either FY 2001 or FY

2002, 36 parks received increases in

their appropriations in support of

Challenge programs focused on invasive

nonnative species management and

endangered species recovery. Parks in

the second year of funding increases

gained considerable momentum in

delivering outcomes in support of the

Challenge and demonstrating accountability to strategic plan goals.

• In FY 2002, the Natural Resource

Preservation Program conducted over 330

projects compared to approximately 200

projects in FY 2001. One million dollars

supported 79 projects in small parks with

limited budgets.

• Parks initiated over 380 projects using

the resources of the 80 universities that

successfully competed to be a part of

the Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit

(CESU) Network.

Applying the Results: Out of the File

Cabinet and Off the Computer

A substantial portion of the Challenge targets

the development of natural resource information intended for use by the National Park

Service in managing resources or resolving

issues. The Challenge is now moving into a

phase of planning and developing monitoring

programs. In FY 2002, the Mitigate Damaged

Resources Theme became as much of an

emphasis in the Challenge as the Complete

Park Inventory and Monitor Park Resources

Theme. The two themes are inextricably

linked—action follows understanding.

The following are examples of how managers

are using information generated as a result of

the Challenge and how the Challenge supports

management action. 

• At Sequoia and Kings Canyon National

NPS hydrologist Katie Seadler, for the

Cumberland-Piedmont Network (stationed at

Mammoth Cave NP), analyzes water samples for

anions, cations, trace metals and pesticides

using an Ion Chromatograph.
12 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Emerging Trends

Parks, weed crews surveyed 12 times or

1,249% more acreage (6,245 acres) than

in FY 2000, the year before their

Challenge funding increased. The

amount of invasive nonnative plant

control work expanded dramatically.

Weed crews treated 27 times or 2,725%

more plants (817,592) than in FY 2000.

Crews controlled invasive nonnative

species on 320 acres in 2001 and 588

acres in 2002, for a total of 908 acres.

The cumulative goal was to treat 444

acres. Weed crews treated many invasive nonnative plants in early phases of

establishment, preventing future population explosions that would have been

difficult and extremely costly to control. 

• With Challenge funding, a U.S.

Geological Survey biologist conducted

a Southwestern willow flycatcher habitat assessment at Zion National Park.

The biologist determined status and

condition of willow flycatcher habitat in

the park and made recommendations

for restoring the riparian community

and flycatcher habitat. The park dramatically improved its management of

invasive nonnative plants and treated

over 350 acres for high priority invasive

weeds. Of the acres treated, 147 directly

benefited riparian restoration efforts. 

• Catoctin Mountain Park worked with

the University of Georgia to evaluate

deer population and browse impact

data and began a herd health evaluation

that provided information for a revised

deer management plan for the park.

• Nine Exotic Plant Management Teams

identified, treated, retreated, inventoried, or monitored more than 100 highpriority nonnative plant species on

133,250 acres, treating 68,751 acres,

with no time lost to accidents.

Leveraging

The National Park Service increases the funds

appropriated for the Challenge by leveraging

alternative sources of funding. The following

examples show instances of cooperative work

Leveraging for Learning Centers

The Denali Science and Learning Center provides an example of

the appeal of leveraging funds. Although Denali National Park

has yet to receive Challenge funds in support of a learning center, the park has already adopted the learning center concept. By

adapting the old Denali Park Hotel structures into campus style

facilities, the park can support research in the park by providing

living space to researchers who often bring their own funding.

The campus will be located in the old park hotel area, and offer

the visiting researchers dorms and dining facilities operated by

the park's concessioner, Doyon/ARAMARK, a joint enterprise.

The current program is operating out of the existing park visitor

center and Denali Foundation facilities and using local hotels

and community centers and facilities in other partner parks. A

core team of partner and concessioner representatives, including

the Alaska Natural History Association, the Denali Institute, and

the Denali Foundation, completed planning for the center. The

new center will serve a group of seven northern Alaska parks.

Some facilities will be available in 2004, with completion of the

center scheduled for 2005. 

These two photos

were taken by

satellite and show

Glacier Bay

National Park and

Preserve at two 

different zooms.

Photos like these

provide valuable

baseline information about vegetation and aid park

managers in conducting ecological

assessments that

include habitat

evaluation and fire

fuels modeling.
National Park Service 13

Emerging Trends

with other appropriated sources, agencies and

organizations, and the private sector. 

• Vegetation maps are fundamental to

planning decisions and are used by natural resource managers and fire managers. Challenge funding was combined

with $985,000 from the U.S. Geological

Survey, Biological Resource Discipline,

and $1,418,500 from the NPS Fire

Management Program to support vegetation mapping.

• By leveraging matching or contributed

funds from university or institutional

partners, a $1,596,000 appropriation was

increased to over $15,000,000, which was

distributed through the Cooperative

Ecosystem Studies Units for technical

assistance, research, and educational projects that benefit NPS natural resource

stewardship—without expanding the federal workforce. 

Partnerships Bring Results

The National Park Service recognizes partnerships foster endorsement of NPS philosophies

and policies, bring better science and technology to bear on resource issues, extend parks'

spheres of influence, and result in more

accomplishments at less cost. Partnerships also

support goals related to private sector involvement and growth. Partnerships in the form of

cooperative activities and outsourcing are

increasingly common in NPS natural resource

management circles.

The National Park Service has organized 32

networks comprised of 270 natural resource

parks to help manage the NPS Inventory and

Monitoring Program. Staffing, funds, and technological resources are shared throughout the

networks, increasing efficiency and coordination. Parks now partner routinely to achieve

natural resource goals.

Examples of partnerships encouraged by the

Challenge follow. 

• Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units

and learning centers are founded on the

concept of partnering. In FY 2002, 12

Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units

had over 100 partner universities and

organizations. 

• Successful treatment of invasive nonnative plants in many parks has been

enhanced by the involvement of partners. 

•• Leveraged by Challenge funds,

Zion National Park exceeded its

performance goal to control invasive nonnative species on 100

acres by 250 acres. Over 2,500 volunteer service hours contributed

to this success. Partners included

local elementary schools, college

groups, a prison crew, Americorps,

the Student Conservation

Association, Wilderness

Volunteers, Boy Scouts of

America, and the Utah Native

Plant Society. 

•• In Virgin Islands National Park,

the distributions of feral and nonnative animals were mapped.

Volunteers, staff, the U.S.

Department of AgricultureAnimal Plant Health Inspection

Service, and other cooperators

then captured and removed

approximately 40 feral cats and

138 mongoose and rats. 

•• In response to the September 11th

terrorist attacks, the State of

Hawaii established the Emergency

Environmental Task Force to provide employment for displaced

workers. Seventeen workers contributed 5,380 hours to the Pacific

Islands Exotic Plant Management

Team to target Miconia calvescens,

an invasive Central American tree. 

• The Park Flight Migratory Bird

Program works to protect shared migratory bird species and their habitats in

both U.S. and Latin American national
14 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Emerging Trends

parks and protected areas. The program's partners include the National

Park Service, the National Park

Foundation, American Airlines, the

National Fish and Wildlife Foundation,

the U.S. Agency for International

Development, and the University of

Arizona. The University of Arizona

Desert Southwest Cooperative

Ecosystem Studies Unit and the NPS

Biological Resource Management

Division provide technical direction.

• The inventory and monitoring networks

distributed $2,256,929 in Challenge funding to universities, $1,059,633 to non-federal cooperators, $715,314 to the U.S.

Geological Survey, and $329,208 to other

federal agencies. Approximately $251,000

came from non-Challenge park base funding and $105,000 from other partners or

cooperators. 

• Of the monitoring park vital signs funds,

networks distributed $1,832,854 to universities, $2,303,868 to non-federal cooperators, $152,466 to the U.S. Geological

Survey, and $271,337 to other federal

agencies. 

• At Dry Tortugas National Park, in work

done through the South Florida-Caribbean

Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit, more

than 50 divers completed a series of "live"

fish surveys to assess the efficacy of management plans established in marine protected

areas in the waters of coastal Florida. A 30-

day marine life census covered approximately 230 miles of coast and ocean. This

collaborative effort included the National

Park Service and other federal agencies

including the National Oceanic and

Atmospheric Administration, numerous

universities including the University of

Miami and the University of North

Carolina-Wilmington, and other organizations. National Geographic News and other

media sources covered the project.
National Park Service 15

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

This section briefly describes and summarizes what the National Park Service

emphasized under the Natural

Resource Challenge during FY 2002. It

describes accomplishments and allocation of

funds to programs. This information is presented as it applies to each of the following

three themes:

• Complete Park Inventories and 

Monitor Park Resources

• Mitigate Damaged Resources

• Attract Good Science and Scientists 

While several of the actions represent new

directions and new program areas, many are

expansions of existing programs. As a result,

only some of the Challenge budget increases

are easily identifiable as separate line items. In

other cases, the Challenge funds are mixed

with previous park or program base funding.

Financial information is provided for each of

the Challenge actions by affected programs,

whether they are Challenge-created programs

or expanded as a result of the Challenge.

The report's funding tables are designed to provide

information about a specific set of actions included

in the Challenge. Officials from the Department of

the Interior and the Office of Management and

Budget agree upon the standards and format for

the funding tables the report uses.

The full budgets of each program are provided,

along with information on increases to the program provided by the Challenge and the total

funding allocated to related activities. If a program, project, or action received funding

in more than one thematic area, the funding information may appear more than

once in the report. Where the Challenge

increases represent a simple increase or

acceleration of previous actions, such as

inventories or Natural Resource

Preservation Program projects, it is not

possible to determine which expenditures were funded by increases and which

by previous base funding. For these the

report provides a description and

accounting of the full programs.

Each program and park that received

Challenge funding increases is required to document the funds available and used for program and park natural resource management

activities before and after the funding increases

to demonstrate accountability to Congress.

Programs and parks are required to document

their accomplishments as a result of increased

capability, and highlight any connection with

the NPS Strategic Plan. 

Complete Park Inventories and

Monitor Park Resources Theme

The Complete Park Inventories and Monitor

Park Resources theme of the Challenge is

aimed at placing a fundamental suite of inventory information and trend data in the hands of

park managers. Because this theme constitutes

the foundation of NPS natural resource management and because many other program

areas of the Challenge are dependent upon it,

this theme was given priority attention in FY

2000, which has continued through FY 2002.

Great progress has been made toward the goal

of completing 12 basic inventories for each of

the 270 natural resource parks, and many of

the network-designed biotic inventories are

progressing toward completion. Planning and

design of park vital signs monitoring programs

received emphasis in a select group of networks in 2002, in preparation for extending

this initiative to a greater number of networks

in the future. In addition to these elements of

the Servicewide Inventory and Monitoring

Natural Resource Challenge Funding

FY 2000 and 2001 Inventory and Monitoring Increases

$15,816,000

FY 2002 Increases

Park Vital Signs Monitoring $ 4,200,000 

Air Quality Monitoring 2,600,000

Subtotal $ 6,800,000
16 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

Program, air-related programs and information

and data management & distribution fall under

this Theme. 

Inventory and Monitoring Program

Completing resource inventories and establishing monitoring programs in units of the

National Park System is no easy task. The

National Park Service has identified 270 natural resource parks and organized them in a system of 32 networks. Each of these parks is to

obtain 12 basic inventory products. Thus, 3,240

products must be prepared. Often a single

inventory effort will produce multiple subproducts, such as databases, reports, specimens, and maps. 

The 32 networks are also charged with developing individually tailored monitoring programs for their parks. Often those programs

are multifaceted, having wildlife, plant life,

water quality and landscape components. Until

program planning and design is finished, it is

not possible to predict how many monitoring

program components will eventually operate.

It can, however, be stated that the system will

be complex.

The Inventory and Monitoring Program

reflects the National Park Service's strategies

for success. Parks within the networks are

expected to coordinate fieldwork, share staff

and equipment, implement smart business

practices jointly, and develop resource trend

data indicative of the network at large. By

doing this, duplication of effort and costs

should be reduced and the integrity of science

programs improved. The Park Vital Signs

Monitoring component of the Inventory and

Monitoring Program, which is large and complex, is being approached incrementally.

Emphasis has been placed on building on the

experience gained from early efforts to

improve subsequent activities.

Inventories

FY 2002 Total Funding Allocation 

(including pre-challenge funds): $10,834,000

The National Park Service conducts inventories using a combination of network collaboration with centralized data acquisition to ensure

Inventory and Monitoring Program Funding

Funding Available in FY 2001 $18,465,000

Uncontrollable Change to Base 10,000

Streamlining Change to Base (2,000)

Transferred Permanently to Prototype Parks (916,000)

Park Vital Signs Monitoring Increase 4,200,000

Total Available in FY 2002 $21,757,000

FY 2002 Categories of Inventory and Monitoring Funding

Resource Inventory Projects $10,834,000

Monitoring and Other Projects 8,575,000

Database Development 755,000

Regional Coordinators 605,000

Program Administration 988,000

Total $21,757,000
National Park Service 17

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

cost efficient sharing of researchers and methods. Park managers must make decisions concerning the most vital inventory needs, based

on the context of resources and larger ecosystem settings. The inventories are being closely

coordinated to ensure that they satisfy several

important criteria.

• Collectively, the inventory data represent the “core” information park managers need to deal effectively with park

planning, management, and protection.

• The inventories are conducted in accordance with clearly defined protocols

and quality-assurance standards.

• Data obtained through the inventories

are compatible to allow for synthesis and

analysis at ecosystem and other broad

levels.

The National Park Service continued its efforts

to complete 12 basic inventories for each of the

270 natural resource parks. The

Challenge greatly accelerates the

rate at which these basic inventories are completed. 

Vegetation Mapping

FY 2002 Funding Allocation 

(including pre-challenge funds):

$2,250,000

Vegetation information is a highpriority inventory need for most

parks and is important information

for park resource management and

protection. Vegetation assemblages

integrate diverse information on air

quality, soils, topography, hydrology, meteorological conditions, and

animal interactions to provide park

managers with key measures on

status of the natural systems they

are managing. Vegetation maps are

vital for the management and protection of wildlife habitat, modeling vegetation flammability and

fuel implications for fire management, analyses for site development suitability, and evaluation of

resources at risk.

Challenge funding for vegetation mapping

greatly accelerates the rate at which parks are

mapped. By combining Challenge funding with

other funding provided by the U.S. Geological

Survey and NPS Fire Program, the National

Park Service completed 12 vegetation mapping

projects, continued 45 ongoing projects, and

initiated 22 new park mapping projects. Each

project includes maps, classification reports,

keys, aerial photography, and accuracy assessment information.

Appendix B illustrates Challenge funding for

major vegetation mapping projects during FY

2002. 

Species Occurence and Distribution Inventories

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $6,353,700

The basic goal of the species occurrence and

distribution inventory effort is to provide park

12 Basic Natural Resource Inventories

Underway Completed 

through FY02

Natural Resource Bibliography 2 263

Species List 0 270

Vegetation Map 45 28

Base Cartography Data 10 260

Species Occurrence and Distribution 270 0

Soils Map 97 57

Geology Map 227 14

Baseline Water Quality Data 0 270

Water Body Location and Classification 50 220

Air Quality Data 0 250

Air Quality Related Values 0 0

Meteorological Data 53 196

Totals 754 1828

Note: All numbers represent status as of the end of FY 2002. See

Appendix A for a complete list of the status of all basic inventories for the 270 natural resource parks, including those yet to be

completed. The National Park Service is working toward implementation of monitoring programs in those same 270 natural

resource parks.
18 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

managers with comprehensive, scientificallybased information about the nature of selected

biological resources occurring within park

boundaries. The information is to be presented

in a form that increases its utility for and use by

decision-makers and the public. The inventories also lay the groundwork for developing

effective monitoring programs and resource

management strategies. To attain these goals,

biological inventories are designed to meet

three fundamental objectives.

1. Document through existing verifiable

data and targeted field investigations the

occurrence of at least 90% of the

species of vertebrates and vascular

plants currently estimated to occur in

individual parks.

2. Describe the distribution and relative

abundance of species of special concern, such as threatened and endangered species, invasive nonnative

species, and other species of special

management interest occurring within

park boundaries.

3. Provide baseline information for developing general monitoring strategies and

assisting in addressing specific park

threats and resource issues.

At the end of FY 2002, all 32 networks had

approved biological inventory study plans.

During FY 2002, an additional 141 biotic inventories began. The following table indicates the

number of parks with inventories in progress,

organized by major taxa. 

Parks in all 32 networks were actively collecting

historical information on vouchers and species

occurrence in parks and entering these data

into the NPSpecies database. At the end of FY

2002, a total of 225,630 vouchers and 301,169

species listings had been entered into the database, representing a 65% increase in documented vouchers and a 17% increase in documented species compared to FY 2001. 

During FY 2002, each of the 32 networks

received funding for vertebrate and vascular

plant inventories. At national parks across the

country, inventory projects are yielding results.

Soils Mapping

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $985,500

Soils mapping provides managers with the ability to predict the behavior of soil under alternative uses. It helps to determine the potential for

soil erosion, groundwater contamination, and

preservation of cultural sites and landscapes.

Soils mapping also helps determine the ability

of the ecosystem to sustain newly established

native plant communities in order to control

invasive nonnative species. 

Through FY 2002, 57 soil surveys have been

completed in park units, working with the

Natural Resources Conservation Service of the

U.S. Department of Agriculture and consulting

soil scientists. 

Geology Mapping

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $600,000

In addition to their use in traditional geologic

applications, parks use geologic inventory

products when dealing with landslides, rockfalls, and human health and safety issues.

Information gained from geologic inventories is

also used for scientific, educational, and interpretive purposes.

During FY 2002, the National Park Service spent

$600,000 on geologic inventories, with approximately $400,000 coming from Challenge funding. The U.S. Geological Survey and state geologic agencies leveraged funds considerably.

Of the 273 parks with geologic resources, 78

Number of Parks with 

Biotic Inventories in Progress

Major Taxa Parks Increase in 

FY 2002

Amphibians/Reptiles 246 14

Mammals 259 28

Birds 271 73

Fish 208 19

Vascular Plants 282 107
National Park Service 19

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

In FY 2002, the National Capital Network of 11

parks continued biological inventories for

amphibians, reptiles, small mammals, and birds,

and initiated inventories for fish and vascular

plants in several parks. In addition, considerable effort was

put into populating the Servicewide NPSpecies

database with

historical data

from all parks in

the network.

NPSpecies now

contains 22,013

records for the

network parks,

supported by 284

references, 3,730

voucher entries,

and 24,698 observations. The network recorded 5

federal threatened and endangered species,

209 state threatened and endangered species,

and 433 invasive

nonnative species

as present in the

parks. The network also enlisted the assistance

of volunteers for

bird inventories

at several parks.

Analysis of data collected by 

volunteers revealed that no additional

inventories are needed at Antietam National

Battlefield, Catoctin Mountain Park, Manassas

National Battlefield and Park, and Prince

William Forest Park.

The North Coast and Cascades Network focused

on data mining for all 7 network parks with an

emphasis on geo-referencing the verified

species records for use with geographic information systems. Working with the University of

Washington, 2,000 records were recovered documenting plant collections in the university's

herbarium from

the 7 network

parks. Contractors

seined beaches at

6 sites in the

intertidal zones

and 21 tidal 

pools at Olympic

National Park to

assess intertidal

fish populations.

Native vascular

plant inventories

also received considerable attention at several

parks. At Mount

Rainier National

Park, surveys

were conducted

in 31 locations to

document the

status of 14 

state listed sensitive species. The

park found rare

plant populations

at 8 locations, 7

of which were

new sites. Several

observations documented records

more than 50

years old. At North Cascades National Park,

field surveys of 10 rare plant species were conducted using the field sampling protocols developed at Mount Rainier National Park. These surveys documented rare plants in 5 previously

known sites and 3 new locations. However, rare

plant populations could not be found at 3 previously reported locations.

Inventories Across the Country

Coyote attracted to a bait station

at Olympic National Park as part

of the forest carnivore inventory

and monitoring program. The

hair snair pictured in this photo

show how hair samples are being

collected for DNA analysis.

An NPS employee conducts ginseng monitoring in Catoctin

National Park.

NPS employee Bill Baccus gathers data from a General

Ecological Model weather station as part of Olympic’s environmental monitoring program

in cooperation with EPA.

NPS staff arrange nets at

Olympic National Park as part

of tide pool fish monitoring.
20 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

Inventories Provide Predictive Powers

Staff from the Northern Colorado Plateau Network, Dinosaur National Monument, and

Utah State University developed new methods for mapping the distribution of invasive

nonnative plants posing serious threats to park resources. Using a satellite global positioning system and geographic information

system, analyses of known invasive nonnative plant distributions and factors such as

soil type may help park staff predict, prevent, and manage these plant invasions. 

Similarly, data gathered by Yosemite

National Park staff and The Nature

Conservancy were used by University of

California, Davis, researchers to develop a

model to predict the distribution of nonnative species in areas of natural disturbance.

The researchers also developed a randomsampling strategy for use in monitoring nonnative plants in burned and riparian areas.

Cultural Landscapes Protect Biodiversity

An intensive survey documented five new species in Sitka National Historic Park in the

Southeast Alaska Network. Most noteworthy was a species of bluegrass listed by the U.S.

Forest Service as a sensitive species for the Tongass National Forest. This species has only

been found in fewer than 15 sites in Alaska. 

Challenge Work Generates Interesting Finds

On 8,000 acres of newly acquired lands in Pinnacles National Monument, 24 new plant

species were documented. One of these species, a mustard in the Streptanthus genus, is

new to science.

During the 2002 field season, a crew from the Wildlife Conservation Society worked cooperatively with the National Park Service to inventory amphibians and reptiles. In the course

of their work, the crew recaptured a box turtle in a unit of Fire Island National Seashore. The

turtle was originally marked by J.T. Nichols in 1921. J.T. Nichols described the turtle as

mature, or about 20 years old, when he first marked it, making the turtle at least 100 years

old in 2002.

In the Southwest Alaska Network a total of 523 vascular plant specimens were collected,

recorded, and pressed for Katmai National Park and Preserve and Alagnak Wild River. Of

the 523 specimens, approximately 130 had never been documented, providing the park

with new records on these species. A number of discoveries made during this collection

indicate significant range expansions. For example, staff found a population of the wetland tundra grass (Dupontia fisheri) at Swikshak Lagoon over 200 miles east of its previously known range in northwestern Alaska and northern Siberia. Small, disjunct populations also occur in these park units at Hazen Bay and Cold Bay. Additionally, the crew made

the first discovery of the wetland tundra grass growing in a woodland marsh in Alaska.
National Park Service 21

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

parks, in 23 states held scoping meetings to

evaluate geologic resources and issues. Twentyfive parks completed geological information

system maps, 98 that can be posted on and

downloaded from the NPS website. 

Preliminary digital coverage exists for another

46 parks, and many of the other scoped parks

have maps at some stage of completion, either

in the digitizing process (24 map sheets completed) or underway in the field with cooperating government agencies or academic institutions.

Geologic resource bibliographies have been

completed for 235 natural area parks and are

posted on the NPS website.

Reports are complete for 11 Utah parks, 6

Colorado parks, and one park in Alaska. An

overview report of the regional geology for parks

in the western U.S. is currently in progress. 

Baseline Water Quality Data

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $235,000

Perhaps few resources in parks are more affected or influenced by activities outside park

boundaries than water resources. Park managers urgently need information about the current status of water quality in parks and benchmarks to evaluate change. 

Drawing on existing Environmental Protection

Agency databases, particularly STORET, the

national water quality database, a baseline

water quality data inventory and analysis report

is being prepared for each of the 270 park units

containing significant natural resources. These

reports provide a complete inventory of all

water quality data; descriptive statistics and

graphics characterizing annual, seasonal, and

period-of-record central tendencies and

trends; and comparisons of park data with relevant U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

national water quality criteria and standards.

The Number of Parks from the First 12 Networks that were in Various Phases of 

Design and Conducting Long-term Monitoring of Natural Resources at the End of FY 2002 

Air Quality Water Quality Water Quantity Geologic Resources Plant Animals Landscape 

Planning 

and Design 18 39 14 21 37 37 12

Number of Parks 

Monitoring With 

Other Funding 4 4 1 3 12 12 4

Protocols 

Implemented 21 29 12 15 34 51 13

Number of Parks 

Monitoring With 

NRC Funding 4 4 1 1 5 7 3

Number of Parks 

Monitoring With 

Other Funding 12 19 6 5 14 30 2

Totals 59 95 34 45 102 137 34

Notes: 1/ Total number of parks = 101; 2/ Funding is from the Challenge or other sources (e.g., base funds or partnerships)
22 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

The Value and Application of Park Vital Signs Monitoring

Monitoring of reptiles and amphibians on Anacapa Island in Channel Islands National

Park is taking place in conjunction with the eradication of rats on the island. Rats

were eradiated from East Anacapa in Fall 2001; Middle and West Anacapa were treated in Fall 2002. The reptile and amphibian monitoring data indicate that twice as

many juvenile Channel Islands slender salamanders, an endemic species, and sideblotched lizards were found on East Anacapa as on Middle Anacapa. In past years the

numbers for the two islets were comparable. 

Monitoring Avian Productivity in the Sierra Nevada Network

Avian productivity monitoring stations in Yosemite National Park operated by The

Institute for Bird Populations and funded by the Yosemite Fund show bird populations

have decreased slightly over

the nine-year period of analysis, with slightly more species

decreasing than increasing. Of

25 species analyzed for population trends, substantial nineyear declines were observed in

7 species and substantial

increases noted in 5 species.

Analysis indicates that weather

may have been a factor in some

declines, while overall low productivity is a factor contributing to decline in others. As a

result of these data and the

Sierra Nevada Breeding Bird

Survey, numerous species have

been identified as in need of

active management and conservation measures. Most critical

are the red-breasted sapsucker,

dusky flycatcher, hermit warbler, chipping sparrow, and

black-headed grosbeak.

Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks obtained a Park Flight grant, which enabled the

parks to operate two avian productivity monitoring stations to monitor neotropical birds.

The parks established partnerships with national parks in Central America. Two interns

from Guatemala and one from Nicaragua came to the parks to work on the project, and

one Sequoia and Kings Canyon employee participated in workshops in Central America.

A red-breasted sapsucker is displayed for Devils Postpile

National Monument visitors. Point Reyes Observatory 

biologists fitted the bird with a numbered leg band as part

of the 2002 Bird Demographic Monitoring and Intepretive 

Outreach project.

NPS photo by Linda Mutch
National Park Service 23

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

By the end of FY 2002, baseline water quality

assessment reports were completed or in the

final stages of completion for all 270 natural

resource park units. In addition, level one

field-based inventories have been initiated in 52

parks where park coverage is incomplete and

data gaps need to be filled. 

Other Inventories

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $409,800

Several of the inventories listed in Appendix D

were administered at the national level, and are

not accounted for among the activities in the

previous inventory headings. Most are complete or nearly completed or, in one case, not

yet initiated.

Park Vital Signs Monitoring 

FY 2002 Funding Allocation 

(including pre-challenge funds): $8,575,000,

of which $4,200,000 is an FY 2002 increase

In FY 2002, the National Park Service funded 12

inventory and monitoring networks, encompassing 101 parks, and made considerable

progress toward accomplishing the difficult task

of developing an integrated natural resource

monitoring program. Another 5 networks, with

52 parks, received planning funds. Together,

these 17 networks are designing a systems-based

natural resource data collection, analysis, and

reporting system that is unprecedented in the

history of the National Park Service.

Park vital signs are significant indicators of ecological conditions and may include the natural

resources of greatest concern in a park. This

program is allowing the National Park Service

to begin measuring its progress in achieving

desired outcome of resources in good condition. Monitored park vital signs can be used to

provide managers with the broad-based, scientifically sound information needed to effectively

manage parks and natural resources. 

Water Resource Program Funding

Funding Available in FY 20011/ $6,869,000

Uncontrollable Changes To Base 47,000

Streamlining Changes To Base (11,000)

Natural Resource Challenge Increase in FY 2002 2/ 1,000,000

Total Available in FY 2002 $7,905,000

Note: 1/ Reflects an increase of $1,275,000 in FY 2001 for water

quality vital signs monitoring, discussed under Water Quality

Monitoring. 2/ For water resource protection--aquatic resource

specialists in FY 2002 (discussed in a subsequent section)

Water Resource Program: FY 2002 Base Funding by Category

Water Resource Projects

Water Resource Protection $1,400,000

Competitive Projects 752,000 

Other Projects 17,000

Water Quality Monitoring 1,275,000 

Water Resource ProtectionAquatic Resource Specialists 1,000,000

Water Resource Technical Assistance 2,728,300

Other Water Resource Management 732,700

Total $7,905,000

Air Resource Program Funding

Funding Available in FY 2001 $6,443,000

Uncontrollable Change to Base 28,000

Streamlining Change to Base (6,000)

Natural Resource Challenge 

Increase in FY 20021/ 2,600,000

Total Available in FY 2002 $9,065,000

Air Resource Program Funding 

by Categories

Air Emissions Inventory2/ $ 200,000

Air Quality Monitoring, 

Analysis, and Technical 

Assistance 8,865,000

$9,065,000

Note: 1/ Increase addressed separately under

Air Quality Monitoring and Assistance. 2/

Increase addressed separately under Air

Emissions Inventory.
24 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

Monitoring provides a basis for understanding

and identifying meaningful change in natural

systems characterized by complexity, variability, and surprise. Knowledge and understanding

result in better management decisions and

allow park managers to work more successfully

with the public and other agencies to protect

park resources. In complex land issues, such as

where physical and biological processes such as

fire or flooding have been altered or no longer

operate as they did in maintaining ecosystems,

credible scientific information can help all

involved to identify possible solutions. 

By the end of FY 2002, the first 12 networks

completed phase one of the three-phase planning and design process, as scheduled. The

phase one report developed for each network

includes the results of: defining goals and

objectives; beginning the process of identifying, evaluating, and synthesizing existing data;

developing draft conceptual models; and completing background work that must be done

before the initial selection of ecological indicators. These reports were peer reviewed and

approved at the regional level. 

Phase two of this effort involves the process of

prioritizing and selecting the park vital signs to

be included in each network's initial integrated

monitoring program. This work is to be completed for the first 12 networks by the end of

FY 2003. Phase three focuses on the detailed

design work needed to implement the monitoring, including the development of sampling

protocols, a statistical sampling design, plan for

data management and analysis, and details on

the type and contents of various products.

Water Resource Monitoring

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $1,275,000

The National Park Service is committed to protecting water quality in parks from future

impairment, including waters classified as

Outstanding National Resource Waters or stateequivalent listed waters. To fulfill this commitment the National Park Service works with state

clean water act programs and takes appropriate

management actions within parks to support

the restoration of impaired water bodies in

parks to an unimpaired quality. Presently,

approximately 116 parks have state-listed

impaired water bodies within their boundaries.

Planning and design of the Water Resource

Monitoring program continues to be implemented in full integration with the NPS Park

Vital Signs Monitoring Program. This is

because water quality is a key vital sign in determining overall aquatic ecosystem health. In

addition, by fully integrating the design of these

programs, considerable cost efficiencies have

and will continue to be realized in staffing,

planning and design, administration, implementation, data management, and reporting. 

Note: This section of the report addresses

activities and accomplishments related to

Water Quality Monitoring during FY 2002. The

activities under other funded categories are

discussed in Water Resource Protection, under

the theme Mitigate Damaged Resources. 

The 12 Park Vital Signs Monitoring Networks

that were fully funded committed their water

quality funding to compiling background information, analysis of issues and threats, detailed

program planning, and supporting synopticlevel field assessments. Network planning activities included completing personnel hiring, creating university cooperative agreements and U.S.

Geological Survey Interagency Agreements, and

acquiring equipment. All networks accomplished the following activities:

• network water quality planning workshops,

• historic data compilations and analyses,

• information on state-listed impaired

waters and park "outstanding" waters,

• documentation of significant water

quality stressors and threats,

• synoptic inventory studies in support of

detailed statistical design, and

• database management and geographic

information systems support programs.

Program funding allocated to the 12 Park Vital
National Park Service 25

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

Signs Networks in FY 2002 is included in

Appendix F. Other major accomplishments

include the following:

• Water Quality Monitoring funds supported the development of an NPS

Servicewide water quality data management program within the U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency

STORET national water quality database. 

• The Water Resources Division procured

necessary database management technology, conducted program administration, and provided technical guidance

to parks. The division developed

detailed technical guidance for water

quality monitoring protocol. It also prepared a detailed study plan, guidance

for a quality control and quality assurance plan, and conducted database

management.

Air Quality Monitoring

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $8,805,000,

of which $2,600,000 is an FY 2002 increase.

The air quality monitoring network is being

expanded under the Natural Resource

Challenge to provide improved geographical

representation, with emphasis on parks most

threatened by air pollution or most vulnerable

to degradation caused by air pollution. This

expansion is guided by information developed

for air resource inventories and conducted

under the Inventory and Monitoring Program.

Complementary activities related to data management, reporting, and interpretation will be

augmented, as will funds provided to parks to

support monitoring efforts. The increased

funding enables the National Park Service to

fill gaps in the existing monitoring networks,

expand the scope of air quality monitoring

activities for additional pollutants, and enhance

understanding and interpretation of air pollution transport, concentrations, and effects.

• The expansion will provide complete

air quality monitoring at an additional

30 parks, expanding the air quality

information base to all Class I area

parks and to a selected number of Class

II area parks. 

• There are now 58 parks where visibility

monitoring is being conducted with the

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

providing some of the funding. 

• The 32 networks have air quality related

inventory and monitoring activities as

part of their integrated inventory and

monitoring programs.

New monitoring efforts follow.

• Special air quality sampling studies are

underway at Great Smoky Mountains

National Park (cloud water chemistry),

Isle Royale National Park (development

and testing of monitoring equipment for

remote locations), and Yosemite

National Park (measurement of ozone

and its precursors in Yosemite Valley). 

• Mercury monitoring was initiated in

eight parks in FY 2002 in cooperation

with the National Atmospheric

Deposition Program, Mercury

Deposition Network. (Monitoring in

two of these sites was leveraged with

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

funds.) A national database of weekly

concentrations of mercury in precipitation will be developed to help improve

estimates of the amount of mercury

being deposited into ecosystems.

Mercury deposition into lakes and

streams can trigger biological processes

that chemically transform mercury into

a toxic form that can bioaccumulate in

fish and animals.

• Airborne contaminants will be monitored using a network of sites in parks

in the western United States to provide

information regarding exposure, accumulation, and impacts. These contaminants can pose serious health threats in

wildlife and humans, as some of these

compounds tend to biomagnify in the

food chain. Foods consumed by subsistence-users will be assessed in Alaska.
26 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

• Ecological effects of pollutants will be

assessed in four park-specific projects that

were contracted to universities and other

agencies.

The Challenge funded 8.5 professionals to provide air resource protection expertise for field

units, and another three positions for the Air

Resources Division. These positions will be

responsible for working closely with park

neighbors, regulatory agencies, other federal

land managers, and the five regional planning

organizations established by the U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency to develop

visibility protection programs. They will also

provide or broker technical assistance and scientific expertise for parks.

Air Emissions Inventory

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $200,000

With $200,000 in funds, the Air Resources

Division continued its effort to address in-park

air pollution sources. The National Park

Service initiated or completed audits of air pollution sources in over 50 parks. These audits

are used to calculate emissions, identify strategies to reduce or prevent pollution from park

operations, and determine compliance with

state and federal air pollution regulations.

Most recently, the Air Resources Division contracted emission inventory development for 12

additional parks.

Park operations are found to be substantially in

compliance with air pollution control, permitting, and emission fee requirements. In addition, many parks are currently implementing

green strategies that reduce air pollution emissions, such as alternative transportation measures, use of alternative fuels and vehicles, and

fire management practices aimed at preventing

the accumulation of woody fuels.

Challenge funds made it possible for the Air

Resources Division to provide more specialized

and intensive service to parks engaged in environmental planning for activities that result in

air pollution, such as use of recreational vehicles, prescribed burning, and oil and gas exploration and production.

Making Natural Resource 

Data Useable

FY 2002 Funding Allocation 

(including pre-challenge funds): $1,553,000

Before the Challenge, NPS ability to provide

natural resource data and information to others was limited to development of an annual

report on the Inventory and Monitoring

Program, production of a series of fact sheets

on natural resource topics, production of Park

Science, and an annual report Natural Resource

Year in Review. The increase from the

Challenge more than tripled the amount of

funding available to work on making natural

resource data useable. 

Databases

Data that can be accessed and used correctly

are of great value to the National Park Service.

To that end, the Natural Resources Information

Division assisted the overall Challenge effort by

setting up and administering Oracle databases

that support the NPSpecies database,

NatureBiB and the National Park Service's

automated research permit and reporting system. 

To make information useable the National Park

Service adopted standardized data protocols

and provides contractors, partner institutions,

and NPS staff with specifications on how to

deliver data. 

In the past, much of the data from research in

parks were provided to the National Park

Natural Resource Information

Management Program Funding

Total Available in FY 2002 $1,553,000

Includes an FY 2001 $1,098,000 Natural

Resource Challenge increase
National Park Service 27

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

Service in a form that was hard to interpret or

use. As a result of the Challenge, methods for

data management are standardized. The

Natural Resource Database Template provides

cooperators and staff with standardized, yet

highly flexible natural resource data management capability, linking observational data to

geographic locations. The Geographic

Information System Theme Manager provides

parks and networks the ability to organize and

access their spatial data themes. 

In support of these databases, a web-based platform was developed to enable park staff to

effectively use the NPS intranet as a wide-area

network to store and use data supporting

resource stewardship programs. Planning and

initial implementation was undertaken to warehouse natural resource data in a central repository. Information was digitized and classified

with standard metadata (data about data), to

support rapid access and tracking by users.

The NPS automated research permit and

reporting system received and processed over

3,553 permit applications and over 2,098

accomplishment reports during FY 2002.

Refinements made to the system improved the

way the international scientific community and

NPS staff prepare, process, and track electronic research permit application records, issue

permits, and submit annual scientific accomplishment reports. 

The Natural Resources Information Division

secured services to update the database tool that

helps assess, plan, and decide on the allocation

of natural resource personnel and funding.

Data Distribution

A continually developing synthesis project,

"Views of NPS," depicts and explains park natural resources to the public and NPS staff. This

project makes data more useable by integrating

a vast array of information sources into four

interactive web-based views that use synthesized images and interpretive descriptions.

The Natural Resource Information Division

designed, developed, tested and implemented

an information system to process and track

applications to conduct scientific sabbatical

studies in the parks, and spearheaded an initiative to improve access to data and information

applicable to successful resource stewardship

activities around the National Park System.

Educational and Interpretive Information

To foster communication and information

transfer, the Natural Resource Information

Division has accomplished the following.

• The division worked cooperatively with

Montana State University's Master of

Fine Arts program in natural science

filmmaking. Two masters' degree candidates are producing 30-minute film features on National Park Service natural

resource topics, one at Glacier National

Park and one at Yellowstone National

Park.

• The division published the annual

Natural Resource Year in Review.

• The division created and updated a variety

of natural resource program informational

pmphlets, including The Natural Resource

Challenge, Exotic Plant Management Teams,

Parks for Science, Resource Inventories,

Learning Centers, Park Vital Signs

Monitoring, and others.

• The division developed a Servicewide

National Learning Center Clearinghouse,

which is an intranet website that promotes

coordination and communication among

the 13 existing learning centers, and began

developing an Internet website for the

public.

Mitigate Damaged 

Resources Theme

The activities described under this theme have

received 43.7% of the Challenge funding to date.

While the natural resources of the National Park

System may appear to be in good or even excellent

shape, many resource problems are more deeply

rooted than they appear. Plants and animals may

have completely disappeared or be on the brink of
28 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

extirpation from a given park, yet this condition may

not be conspicuous. Species that do not normally

reside in a park may invade and exclude or adversely

influence the native plants and animals. Water quality may be poor but with no visual clues present. 

Funding Increases to Parks

Over the past two years, 36 parks have received

base increases for critical resource mitigation,

17 in FY 2001 and 20 in FY 2002. (Zion

National Park received increases in both years.)

Parks eligible for increases were those requesting increases primarily to address nonnative

species problems or threatened and endangered species. Generally, small parks with no

resource manager were eligible to recieve 

funds to address a range of resource issue.

Eligible parks were selected on the basis of

regional priorities.

Changes to funding of park natural resource

programs typically vary from year to year.

Most parks do not give their programs and

divisions fixed base funding. Each year

some parks get targeted increases, such as

those from the Challenge. However, all

parks get increases and decreases, such as costof-living and fixed-cost increases and decreases

through assessments, which are applied to the

entire park budget before it is apportioned

among programs. All parks experience shortfalls as the increases generally fail to cover all

increased costs, particularly personnel

costs. 

Challenge-related park base increases,

like other types of increases, are unlikely to be able to avoid a share in program

reductions when parks are faced with

assessments, Servicewide reductions,

and increased costs to respond to mandates related to security or other issues

that are not fully funded. Although

parks have some discretion as to how to

apply reductions, the circumstances of

parks facing combinations of assessments, increased personnel costs, and

special needs, such as increased security requirements, appear to provide

some parks little flexibility. Most of the

parks that were forced to reduce their

resource programs nonetheless reported

significant progress that without the increases would likely not have been possible. 

Parks were required to report on their natural

resource program funds and changes since

receiving Challenge increases. Reports from

parks receiving Challenge base increases show a

wide range of responses to these changes, especially among those for which FY 2002 was the

second year of funding. Five of the 17 parks

receiving funding first in FY 2001 reported no

change. Two parks allocated additional funds to

natural resource programs from other parts of

their base. Three parks distributed cost-of-living

increases to their natural resource programs

Park Funding Increases

Park Funding Increases FY 2000 $ 0

Park Funding Increases FY 2001 3,395,000

Park Funding Increases FY 2002 3,200,000

Total Available in FY 2002 $6,595,000

Funding Available to Mitigate Damaged Resources

FY 2000 Increases

Natural Resource Preservation Program $2,875,000 

Native/Nonnative Species Management 3,449,000

Geologic Resource Protection 696,000

FY 2001 Increases

Water Resource Protection $ 823,000

Funding Increases to Parks 3,395,000

FY 2002 Increases

Funding Increases to Parks $3,200,000

Natural Resource Preservation Program 4,000,000

Native/Nonnative Species Management 2,400,000

Establish Resource Protection Fund 300,000

Water Resource Protection 1,000,000

Resource Protection Act Implementation 500,000

Total FY 2002 Increase $11,400,000
National Park Service 29

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

Funding Increase Amounts by Park

Park Funding (and Amount) First Received In

FY 2001 FY 2002

Acadia NP $ 345,000

Antietam NB $ 150,000

Appalachian National Scenic Trail 142,000

Big Cypress NP 399,000

Buck Island Reef NM 100,000

Catoctin Mountain Park 89,000

Channel Islands NP 498,000

Coronado NMem 60,000 

Curecanti NRA 141,000 

Dinosaur NM 189,000

Gates of the Arctic NP and Pr 148,000

Great Basin NP 126,000

Great Sand Dunes NP 180,000

Great Smoky Mountains NP 402,000 

Haleakala NP 480,000 

Homestead NM of America 82,000

Hopewell Culture NHP 105,000

Jewel Cave NM 50,000 

John Day Fossil Beds NM 95,000 

Kalaupapa NHP 211,000

Lake Clark NP and Pr 147,000

Little River Canyon NPr 85,000

Mojave NPr 470,000 

Monocacy NB 118,000

Obed W and SR 195,000

Padre Island NS 95,000

Pictured Rocks NL 55,000

Rock Creek Park 163,000 

San Juan Island NHP 95,000

Saugus Iron Works 58,000 

Sequoia and Kings Canyon NPs 112,000 

Stones River NB 132,000

Sunset Crater, Walnut Canyon, and 

Wupatki NMs 100,000

Theodore Roosevelt NP 133,000 

Virgin Islands NP 399,000 

Zion NP 94,000 152,000

Totals

FY 2001 $3,395,000

FY2002 $3,200,000
30 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

(not necessarily resulting in a net increase). 

However, several parks that received increases

in FY 2001 reported some kind of net decrease,

other than one-time regional assessments, that

affected their natural resource programs. Some

of the decreases to their overall resource programs were substantial—more than a few thousand dollars. In most cases the natural

resource programs affected by such reductions

are larger than the Challenge components and

some parks stated that the program elements

increased by the Challenge had not been

reduced. Of the parks receiving a new

Challenge increase in FY 2002, six made reductions or reallocations in base funding for their

natural resource programs, mostly relatively

small ones (excluding one-time assessments

from the region). 

Increases to park bases have major positive

consequences for park resource management

programs, especially in smaller parks. The

increases may broaden natural resource management capabilities, such as a single position

with multiple responsibilities, or they may simply increase the amount of work accomplished. 

Accomplishments of Parks in Second Year of

Funding Increases

Parks receiving their second year of funding

increases have now hired personnel, contracted

for research, constructed native plant nurseries,

prepared and moved into office space, and procured the equipment needed to support professional resource management work. Parks can

now create momentum and accomplish the

goals of the Challenge. The following information is derived from reports from the parks and

focuses primarily on accomplishments. 

Antietam National Battlefield took control

actions on Ailanthus altissma, Japanese honeysuckle, multiflora rose, Johnsongrass, and several species of thistle, concentrating on the

northern portion of the battlefield and on the

recently acquired, 55-acre Newcomer Farm.

Invasive nonnative plants are being mapped

and control projects planned. A fuel load andnonnative plant transect project was initiated,

working with the University of Massachusetts

and the U.S. Forest Service to research the

effects of fire on various invasive species. A

white-tailed deer monitoring program was also

developed.

Big Cypress National Preserve continued its

extensive, labor intensive program to treat

Melaleuca, following up on last year's treatments with secondary treatments on approximately 145 square kilometers to prevent

reestablishment. Contract crews cut the trees

and chemically treated stumps to minimize regrowth. Nonnative Lygodium was mapped in

about 50% of the preserve, and systematic

reconnaissance flights were done to map

Schinus. Areas that are typically dominated by

Hydrilla have also been mapped. 

Buck Island Reef National Monument began

monitoring endangered brown pelicans, threatened least tern nesting populations, and nonnative rats to check post eradication populations.

Working with the South Florida/Caribbean

Cooperative Ecosystem Study Unit and

University of Central Florida, the National

Park Service is preparing an analysis to determine whether a newly discovered mouse population is nonnative. The park increased its

involvement in endangered sea turtle research

and monitoring, and also surveyed extensive

sections of the barrier reef to document the

distribution and recovery of elkhorn coral,

which has undergone major die offs and devastation by Hurricane Hugo. A reef fish census

was conducted in the park's three major

marine habitats, in cooperation with the

National Oceanic and Atmospheric

Administration. Park staff and partners conducted an island-wide herptofauna and plant

inventory. 

Catoctin Mountain Park, in preparation for

writing a new deer management plan, evaluated population and browse impact data and

began a deer herd health evaluation, working

with the University of Georgia. Working in

cooperation with the U.S. Forest Service, 401
National Park Service 31

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

acres in the park have been treated for gypsy

moth, and a test of an insecticide to control

hemlock woolly adelgid has been set up on 50

large hemlock trees. Vegetation surveys targeted species of special concern, under-represented taxa, and deer browse impacts on forest

regeneration.

Coronado National Memorial monitored a

number of important species, including the

largest known population of barking frogs in

Arizona. The park monitored bats and their use

of gates installed at two abandoned mines. The

park also monitored Palmer's agaves, the food

source for the endangered lesser long-nosed

bats, and nocturnal rodents. The memorial

contracted for assistance in rehabilitating disturbed lands.

Curecanti National Recreation Area and Black

Canyon of the Gunnison National Park completed weed surveys and identified, mapped,

and controlled ten hectares of invasive weeds,

most of which were on the State of Colorado

noxious weeds list. The parks mapped and

managed tamarisk on 26 sites on Blue Mesa

Reservoir, cutting and spraying approximately

500 mature and seed producing trees and mapping 20,000 saplings and mature trees for

future control actions. Habitat restoration

work occurred on five closed roads and other

locations. An inventory of disturbed sites was

completed, and a disturbed lands restoration

plan was initiated. For vegetation mapping, 210

vegetation sampling plots and 62 observation

points were completed. Plant community

descriptions were improved and groundtruthed, and unique environments inventoried.

Five peregrine falcon eyries were monitored. A

study of Gunnison sage grouse habitat was

completed, with data from 177 locations, and

another study that looks at factors limiting

population growth of bighorn sheep began at

the University of Washington.

Great Smoky Mountains National Park used an

icthyocide (Antmycin) to remove invasive nonnative rainbow trout from segments of Sams

Creek so that native southern Appalachian

strains of brook trout could be reestablished.

Staff also provided technical assistance to

Great Basin, Rocky Mountain, and Yellowstone

national parks, using the same restoration

methods. Great Smoky Mountains National

Park installed a greenhouse to grow plants for

restoration projects. The park planted over

17,000 grass and wildflower plugs and 800 trees

from the Natural Resource Conservation

Service Beltsville Plant Materials Center at

Cades Cover and Foothills Parkway. Forest

insects and diseases were monitored, and fire

sites were monitored and treated for nonnative

plant invasions. Of 757 sites, 250 were managed

for invasive nonnative plants, with 247

Paulownia removed. Over 30 adelgid-infested

hemlock sites were treated, some with predatory beetles and one with a test treatment. Hog

traps were constructed and 241 wild hogs

removed. Park staff made an extensive community outreach to educate the public on the

complex natural resource management issues

in the park. 

Haleakala National Park increased its ability to

protect endangered species by adding 46%

more predator traplines and increasing monitoring of the lines. To try to improve Nene

gosling survival rates, the park tested a supplemental feeding strategy; data entry and analysis

is now taking place. The park continues to

monitor feral cats and axis deer, and a feral pig

fence was upgraded to an axis deer deterrent

fence; in addition, half a mile of new axis deer

fence was constructed. The park monitored for

Miconia and other nonnative species, but

found no Miconia within the park. However,

cooperators found three Miconia fruiting trees

outside park boundaries. Challenge funding

was provided to the University of Hawaii to

assist in a research effort to find biological controls for Miconia, and for research and monitoring on the most invasive nonnative species

in and around the park. 

Jewel Cave National Monument treated 5 acres

of leafy spurge and 15 acres of Canada thistle.

The entire monument was surveyed for nonnative plants, with new sites identified. A com-
32 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

prehensive database was constructed. The

monument completed geographic information

system mapping and analysis.

John Day Fossil Beds National Monument inventoried birds, mammals, amphibians, and reptiles on 14,000 acres, finding 14 of the 15 bat

species known to occur in Oregon. Over half

of these bat species are listed as species of concern. A new fish diversion with year-round

fish passage was constructed on Rock Creek,

which should benefit the threatened MidColumbia steelhead. Nearly 500 alder, cottonwood, and willows trees were planted along

the John Day River in areas that historically

had "galleries" of these tree species. The Sheep

Rock Unit completed a survey of and treated

for noxious weeds. Prescribed fire was used to

control juniper and brush encroachment. 

Mojave National Preserve generated multiple

geographic information system data layers for

projects and programs. Staff monitored desert

tortoise to establish population location and

density. Fort Piute, a historic site, was evaluated

for condition, and site stabilization and restoration work was completed. A baseline sound

study was conducted. Spring and surface waters

were inventoried and water quality testing

accomplished for all sites. Revegetation projects

resulted in placement of over 2,000 plants. 

Rock Creek Park eliminated invasive nonnative

species on 275 acres of natural area. The potential effectiveness of contracting invasive nonnative species removal work was evaluated.

Previously unknown rare species were documented. 

Saugus Iron Works National Historic Site monitored and conducted compliance work for

future treatment of carpenter bees and carpenter ants in buildings, and invasive nonnative

species and other vegetation on the historic

slagpile. Invasive nonnative plant species were

mapped with the aid of global positioning and

geographic information systems. A draft fire

management plan was begun. Water level and

quality in the Saugus River were monitored,

and 216 species were documented in the

NPSpecies database. 

Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks

expanded their nonnative plant control work,

surveying 6,245 acres and treating 817,592

plants on 444 acres. A number of the highly

threatening nonnative plant populations were

controlled in an early phase of establishment.

More widespread species were controlled in

high-priority sites such as meadows and riparian areas. A nonnative plant management

newsletter was produced and distributed. A

contractor developed a nonnative plant management Web-page slated to go on-line in 2003.

A draft management directive was produced to

prevent the import and spread of invasive nonnative plants. A complex nonnative plant management database was created for use in monitoring infestations and treatments.

Theodore Roosevelt National Park concentrated

on controlling nonnative weeds in both units

of the park. Annual control targets increased

from 50 to 75 acres. The park established 50

additional bio-control sites and completed site

preparation work on over 300 acres. 

Virgin Islands National Park mapped the distribution of feral and nonnative animals throughout the park, including donkeys, goats, sheep,

hogs, cats, rats, mongoose, and deer. Control

actions were taken by volunteers, staff, the U.S.

Department of Agriculture, the Animal Plant

Health Inspection Service, and other cooperators, capturing, for example, approximately 40

cats and 138 mongoose and rats. Denis Bay was

included because of the heavy hawksbill turtle

nest predation. A donkey exclusion fence was

built, and planning and National

Environmental Protection Act compliance initiated for separate plans on the control of feral

hogs, goats, sheep, and donkeys. 

Zion National Park treated high priority invasive weeds on over 350 acres and 147 acres supported riparian restoration efforts. Tamarisk

and Russian olive were treated along eight

miles of stream, and invasive weeds inventoried
National Park Service 33

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

and mapped on 374 acres. An nonnative plant

database was developed, and the park began

cooperative activities with a local weed management district. Peregrine falcon monitoring

occurred at 16 historical eyries, and Mexican

spotted owls were monitored in 20 territories.

Four small mammal plots were sampled in

spotted owl prey-base studies. The U.S.

Geological Survey conducted an assessment of

Southwestern willow flycatcher habitat and

reported recommendations for riparian

restoration. Two Virgin River spinedace monitoring stations were established. Desert tortoise habitat was surveyed. Over 15 acres of disturbed riparian floodplain were revegetated,

exceeding park performance goals. Over 1,200

plants grew in the park nursery and volunteer

groups collected over 20 pounds of native

seed. 

Accomplishments of Parks in First Year of

Funding Increases

Nineteen parks received base increases in FY

2002 for work focused on native and nonnative

species management or Alaska subsistence

matters. The following accomplishments in

parks were achieved with first year increases.

Acadia National Park completed its hiring and

facility improvements to support invasive nonnative species management and protection of

threatened, endangered, and rare species. The

park funded studies of nonnative species and

completed integrated pest management plans

for 25 high priority invasive species. To help

quantify nutrient inputs into a park estuary, a

stream gage was established.

The Appalachian National Scenic Trail obtained

digital information on several hundred occurrences of rare, threatened, and endangered

species found during the 14 natural heritage

inventories of the Appalachian Trail corridor

conducted over the last 12 years. Maps were

made for both rare and nonnative species. A

physical science position was filled.

Channel Islands National Park, working

through a Cooperative Ecosystems Studies

Unit, initiated collection of pre-eradication

baseline information focusing on natural

resources affected by feral pigs. This information served as a baseline for the Santa Cruz

Island Restoration Plan, funded through the

Challenge increase. The park also hired personnel and bought equipment for the impending management actions.

Dinosaur National Monument funded an

assessment of the impacts of nonnative brown

and rainbow trout on four endangered fish

species in the Green River: Colorado

pikeminnow, razorback sucker, humpback

chub, and bonytail chub. Successful recovery

may require understanding of the impacts of

these fish and management in collaboration

with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the U.S.

Bureau of Reclamation, and the states of

Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming. The park

Restoring Cutthroat Trout

At Great Basin National Park the Challenge

measurably assisted in preventing the listing of a

declining trout species. Great Basin National Park

has been working on the restoration of

Bonneville cutthroat trout, using limited project

funding. Without dedicated staff, the park was

unable to meet the schedule included in the conservation agreement for the species. With

Challenge funding, the park hired a permanent

fisheries technician to take charge of the project.

The National Park Service doubled it efforts and

met its commitment in the conservation agreement. Without this funding, there may have

been a need to reassess the entire multi-state

Bonneville cutthroat trout program. If the

National Park Service could not have kept its

commitment and the plan had not achieved its

purpose of restoring viable populations of

Bonneville cutthroat trout within its historic

range, then the fish would have been eligible for

listing as a threatened species.
34 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

increased coordination of its volunteer Weed

Warrior Program, with 462 volunteers for the

year, and initiated invasive weed inventories

and weed management planning. 

Flagstaff area parks funded five priority studies,

including studies addressing: forest stand

dynamics and fire ecology of formally-designated critical Mexican Spotted Owl habitat at

Walnut Canyon National Monument, physical

impact of off-trail trampling and off-road driving on unique volcanic cinder deposits, ponderosa pine forest succession and Sunset

Crater penstemon habitat at Sunset Crater

Volcano National Monument, an assessment of

the rate of juniper woodland expansion and

loss of grassland habitat for pronghorn in the

Antelope Prairie at Wupatki National

Monument, a juniper woodland age-class distribution and fire history in order to understand the loss of grassland habitat for pronghorn in the Antelope Prairie of Wupatki

National Monument, and study of prescribed

burning at Bonito Park to restore unique pine

meadow vegetation and seasonal pronghorn

habitat near Sunset Crater Volcano.

Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve

completed hiring and undertook studies of

Dall's sheep—a subsistence species, and

muskox. Staff also assisted in wolf and sheep

studies at Yukon Charley Rivers. The park

evaluated aerial line-transect sampling as a new

technique for brown bear population monitoring, and formulated a study for caribou.

Great Basin National Park hired a permanent

fisheries technician to work on the Bonneville

cutthroat trout project and to meet the NPS

commitment in the Conservation Agreement.

Park staff surveyed, mapped, and inventoried

eight caves; surveyed for bats, several of which

are sensitive or former candidate species for

threatened and endangered designation; completed amphibian and reptile inventories in

seven watersheds; and contracted for inventory

of small mammals. NPS staff also initiated

aggressive nonnative plant controls.

Great Sand Dunes National Monument and

Preserve initiated a grazing lease program and

extended resource management operations

onto lands transferred to the National Park

Service from the U.S. Bureau of Land

Management. Invasive species were treated,

including 7.2 acres of Canada thistle and 16.5

acres of leafy spurge. A project with the

Colorado Division of Wildlife was initiated to

assess the feasibility of restoring three native

fishes listed by the state as endangered or

species of special concern.

Homestead National Monument of America

reviewed erosion issues in Cub Creek, working

with the City of Beatrice, Lower Big Blue

Natural Resource District, and the USDA’s

Natural Resources Conservation Service. An

action plan will be developed to guide erosion

monitoring and control efforts. The park hired

its first permanent natural resource specialist.

Hopewell Culture National Historical Park hired

a natural resource specialist to manage, monitor, and protect natural resources, including

overseeing the restoration of 400 acres of land.

Park staff controlled invasive nonnative vegetation on 13.7 acres, removed feral animals, completed invertebrate inventories, and monitored

bluebird boxes. 

Kalaupapa National Historical Park contracted

with the University of Hawaii to restore native

species and their habitat, and to inventory and

monitor natural resources. The park hired a

horticulturalist and pest control specialist, built

a greenhouse, and is currently growing tree

propagules. Staff collected seeds from 20

species, including 5 threatened and endangered

species and 5 species of concern. 

Lake Clark National Park and Preserve gathered data on bear foraging, aircraft and all-terrain vehicle access to beaches, visitor use, and

recorded ambient sound levels. Once analyzed,

the data can be used to develop access and visitor use guidelines for viewing bears on the

coast. The park hired a wildlife biologist.

Little River Canyon National Preserve conduct-
National Park Service 35

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

ed post-thinning and prescribed burn monitoring on ephemeral stream banks and bog sites.

The park conducted stem and flower counts of

the endangered pitcher plant along permanent

transects placed within the sites. For the first

time, during the life of the monitoring program, staff discovered flowering plants in two

of the bogs, which means the plants may be

reproducing. The park took control actions on

nonnative plant species, pulling and treating

more than 10,000 plants, and mapped

new invasions.

Monacacy National Battlefield hired

personnel and set up a geographic

information system program to support its efforts to gather and analyze

baseline information. The park took

control actions on invasive nonnative

vegetation and monitored American

bald eagles and gypsy moths.

Obed Wild and Scenic River hired two

resource management personnel and

began developing a nonnative plant

management plan and a climbing

management plan. Working with the

NPS Water Resources Division and

the U.S. Geological Survey, a paired

watershed program was started to

look at the effects of impoundments.

The park dealt with a five-acre fire

and oil well spill that occurred along

the boundary in July 2002; large quantities of oil spilled into Clear Creek.

The park deployed booms, fought the

fire, removed soil, prepared revegetation plans, and monitored effects.

Padre Island National Seashore hired

13 seasonal staff to monitor and protect Kemp's ridley turtle nests, and

found a record 28 nests. Staff coordinated patrols by over 90 volunteers.

Working with the U.S. Geological

Survey, 3,769 eggs were incubated and

1,000 visitors attended 10 public

hatchling releases. 

Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore established

an invasive nonnative aquatic species monitoring program. Monitoring sites for zebra mussels were established and maintained at motorized boat launches on inland lakes within the

lakeshore. Control of sea lamprey was effectively conducted at Miner's River, in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

The lakeshore hired an aquatic ecologist.

A radio-collared wolf

recovers after being 

darted by biologists in

Yukon-Charley Rivers

National Reserve, Alaska.

A few muskoxen have

been observed recently

in Gates of the Arctic

National Park and

Preserve, Alaska. It is

possible these animals

are beginning to 

recolonize areas of 

their native habitat.

Subsistence species 

such as muskoxen are 

a vital part of the 

natural resources in 

arctic parklands.

A Dall’s sheep ewe is

radio-collared in YukonCharley Rivers National

Preserve, Alaska to

investigate the impacts

of military jet overflights on Dall’s sheep.
36 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

San Juan Island National Historical Park created two resource management positions,

removed nonnative plants in the vicinity of the

dunes, conducted nonnative plant monitoring,

worked with the Oregon

Museum of Science and

Industry, surveyed bats at

historic Crook House, and

monitored oak lopper defoliation of Garry oaks. 

Stones River National

Battlefield targeted 46 invasive nonnative species, an

increase of 24 species over

last year, on about 250 acres

in culturally and ecologically significant and highly visible areas. The Tennessee

Exotic Pest Plant Council

considered the species as

significant or severe threats.

The park initiated a fire

management plan, continued natural grass restoration on the earthworks at

Fortress Rosecrans and

Redoubt Brannan, and

worked on the endangered

species recovery program

for Astragalus bibulatus

with Missouri Botanical

Garden and Tennessee Department of

Environment and Conservation.

Natural Resource 

Preservation Program

Most ongoing resource management activities are undertaken and funded at the park

level. Parks ususally have little or no flexible, dedicated funding for cyclical and onetime project needs. Thus, to undertake larger

projects, most parks require special funding. The

major source of such funds is the Natural

Resource Preservation Program. This program

provides the only reliable and dedicated source of

NPS funding for natural resource management

projects in parks costing more than $50,000. In

FY 2000, the Challenge increased Natural

Resource Preservation Program funds from

$5.432 million to $8.289 million—a $2.875 million

or 52.9% increase. 

As part of the Challenge, two special portions

of the Natural Resource Preservation Program

were established in FY 2000 to fund disturbed

lands and threatened and endangered species

restoration projects. In FY 2002, funding for

Final Allocations and Obligations by Category

Type of Project Number Approved Actual

of Projects Allocation Allocation

Natural Resource 

Management 82 $7,377,000 $7,346,000

Threatened and 

Endangered Species 13 500,000 468,000

Disturbed Lands 

Restoration 15 850,000 850,000

Small Parks 79 1,000,000 1,000,000

Regional Block 

Allocation 92 1,400,000 1,400,000

USGS,= BRD Technical 

Assistance Agreement 23 255,000 255,000

Brucellosis Research 1 100,000 100,000

Servicewide 22 807,000 807,000

Total 327 $12,289,000 $12,226,000*

* FY 2002 funds worth $63,000 were returned to the

Comptroller per assessment: $56,000 from Natural Resource

Preservation Program , Natural Resource Management, and

$9,000 from Natural Resource Preservation Program,

Threatened and Endangered Species.

Natural Resource Preservation Program Funding

Funding Available in FY 2001 $ 8,289,000

Natural Resource Challenge 

Increase in FY 2002 4,000,000

Total Available in FY 2002 $12,289,000
National Park Service 37

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

Natural Resource Preservation Program: 

Fully Funded Natural Resource Management Projects

Park Project Title Total Funding FY 2002 Funding

Katmai NP Alagnak River Management Plan $394,000 $163,000

Golden Gate NRA Cape Ivy Management 600,000 20,000

Badlands NP Baseline Mapping of Fossil Bone Beds 235,000 75,000

Cape Lookout NS Immunocontraception & EIA Testing Feral Horses 81,000 10,000

Great Smoky Invasive Nonnative Plant Management

Mountains NP in Smaller Parks 249,000 83,000

Kenai Fjords NP Carrying Capacity Exit Glacier 275,000 73,000

Jean Lafitte NHP 

and Pres Modeling Risk of Chinese Tallowtree Invasion 96,000 57,000

Noatak NPres Population Abundance & Demography of Dall's Sheep 280,000 90,000

Cape Cod NS Effects of Off-road Traffic on Biotic Community 173,000 53,000

Great Smoky 

Mountains NP Inventory & Delineation of Remnant Fraser Fir Stands 45,000 15,000

Fire Island NS Adaptive Management of Deer, People, Plants 360,000 120,000

Isle Royale NP Impact to Natural Fire Regime Due to Moose Browsing 204,000 80,000

Haleakala NP Stabilize Threatened and Endangered Plant Species 549,000 181,000

Yellowstone NP Native Cutthroat Trout Conservation in Yellowstone Lake 226,000 25,000

Yellowstone NP Trout Conservation (same as above) 445,000 194,000

Congaree 

Swamp NM Species Diversity and Condition of Fish Community 71,000 22,000

Lake Meredith NRA Control Nonnative Saltcedar 132,000 44,000

Olympic NP Conduct Demographic Monitoring of Northern 

Spotted Owl 190,000 68,000

Channel Islands NP Stabilize Island Fox Population 416,000 82,000

Gulf Islands NP Post Nesting Satellite Tracking of Loggerhead Turtles 54,000 18,000

Great Smoky 

Mountains NP Brook Trout Reclamation of Sams Creek 215,000 65,000

Fossil Butte NM Assessment & Protection of New Paleontological Sites 168,000 56,000

Denali NP and Pres Managing Human Use & Wildlife Resources 260,000 75,000

Great Smoky 

Mountains NP Complete Natural Resources Inventory & Atlas 310,000 150,000

Boston Harbor 

Island NRA Establish Ecological & Social Carrying Capacity 239,000 72,000

Haleakala NP Completion of Fence for Biologically Rich Lands 93,000 0

Haleakala NP Emergency Control of Miconia 334,000 334,000

Shenandoah NP Acidic Impacts on Fish 316,000 27,000

Pinnacles NM Protect Vulnerable Park Resources from Feral Pigs 153,000 102,000

Padre Island NS Oil and Gas EIS for Multiple Parks 765,000 17,500

Arches NP Monitor Soundscape 148,000 148,000

Wind Cave NP Remove Blast Rubble 127,000 127,000

Acadia NP Verify Predictive Contaminate Deposition Map 351,000 351,000

Total $8,654,000 $2,997,500
38 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

Stabilizing Threatened and Endangered Plant Species in Hawaii's National Parks

The purpose of this project was to increase population sizes of threatened and endangered plant

species and species of concern most at risk of extinction in the parks. All eight target species at

Kalaupapa National Historic Park are under propagation and scheduled to be outplanted in FY

2003. At Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, 14 of the 20 target species are under propagation for a

total of 2,850 plants ready to be outplanted. Six of the target species were outplanted in FY 2002

for a total of 1,010 plants. At Haleakala, 14 of the 20 target species are under propagation for a

total of 560 plants. Seven of the species were outplanted with a total of 83 plants. This project is

being carried out through a cooperative agreement, and is in its second year. Outplanting and

monitoring will be stressed in the last year of the project and outplanting targets will be reached

for the target species. 

Native Cutthroat Trout Conservation in Yellowstone Lake

Natural Resource Preservation Program funds received by Yellowstone National Park during FY

2000 through FY 2002 were used to reduce the population level of the nonnative and highly predacious lake trout in Yellowstone Lake. Yellowstone National Park contains 90% of the remaining

range of the native Yellowstone cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarki bouvieri. This population is

likely to be the most valuable source of inland cutthroat trout in the world. Having evolved in the

absence of predators, inland cutthroat trout have no natural defense mechanisms against predation and are extremely vulnerable to the lake trout. Until recently, Yellowstone Lake represented

the largest and most secure habitat for long-term perpetuation of this prized fish species. In 1994,

the discovery that the highly predacious lake trout had established an expanding population in

Yellowstone Lake caused great concern. Since that time, park personnel have been engaged in a

large-scale, gill-netting program to restrict population growth of the lake trout. However, the magnitude of this task soon overwhelmed the existing aquatic resources staff.

Funds provided through Natural Resource Preservation Program allowed the purchase of a vessel

designed specifically for gill-netting on Yellowstone Lake. This vessel arrived in June 2001, greatly improving working conditions for employees and efficiency of the gill-net operations. Funds

were also used for additional staffing and gill-netting gear, allowing park staff to increase gillnetting efforts during these years. As of October 4, 2002, over 54,000 lake trout have been

removed from Yellowstone Lake. Because of the increased gill-netting efficiency and additional

staff, an increase in the removal effort of seven- to nine-fold over previous years was possible,

making a significant contribution toward preserving Yellowstone cutthroat trout.

Control of Nonnative Saltcedar at Lake Meredith National Recreation Area

Natural Resource Preservation Program funds awarded in FY 2000–FY 2002 were used to begin a

long-term saltcedar (tamarisk) eradication program by treating 6,000 acres of saltcedar at Lake

Meredith National Recreation Area. The goals of this project included improving habitat for the

threatened Arkansas River Shiner by increasing stream flow and quality, improving water quantity

and quality for public drinking water, allowing native species to return, providing additional recreational usage, and protecting visitor health and safety. The park hired a four-person crew and

mechanically treated 2,276 acres, 832 of which were post-prescribed fire. The Canadian River

Municipal Water Authority, Texas Natural Resources Conservation, National Wild Turkey Foundation,

and Chihuahuan Desert-Short Grass Prairie Exotic Plant Management Team contributed in-kind and

financially toward this project.
National Park Service 39

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

the Natural Resource Preservation Program

was increased by $4 million, raising the (adjusted) total to $12.289 million.

About 60% of Natural Resource Preservation

Program funds ($7.3 million) are usually available

for most types of park-level natural resource management projects. The balance of the funds strategically target specific needs. The table, Final

Allocations and Obligations by Category, shows

how these targeted funds were distributed.

See Appendix E for a complete listing of projects funded under the Natural Resource

Preservation Program.

The U.S. Geological Survey, Biological

Resources Discipline, and the National Park

Service (through the Natural Resource

Preservation Program) jointly support biological projects that provide exploratory research

and technical assistance to parks. In FY 2002,

26 separate projects were funded. Information

on the project topics and status reports on the

projects, is contained in Appendix H. Many of

this year's projects address research needs,

model development, and other tools that are

applicable to management and conservation

of large animals,

amphibians, and rare

species.

Natural Resource

Management Projects

FY 2002 Funding

Allocation: $7,346,000

The largest segment of

the Natural Resource

Preservation Program

funds natural resource

management projects.

Projects eligible for

funding through this

source include tactical

biological studies;

development of new

physical science management approaches

and protocols; and combined research and follow-up resource management or mitigation

actions. 

The total number of natural resource management projects funded through the Natural

Resource Preservation Program has significantly increased since FY 2000 (FY 2000: 49

projects; FY 2001: 54 projects; and FY 2002:

82 projects). The majority of projects funded

fall within these categories: restoration, invasive nonnative species control, resource

assessment and mapping, and natural

resource management plan development.

Invasive Nonnative Plant

Management and Ecological

Restoration

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $3,000,000

The national parks are home to complex

communities of native plants and animals

that have developed over millions of years.

This natural heritage is threatened by the

invasion of nonnative plants and animals and

by human-caused disturbances that foster

the establishment of nonnative species. The

introduction of harmful nonnative species is

Native and Nonnative Species Management

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $5,846,000 of which $2,400,000 is an FY 2002 increase

Biological Resources Management Funding

Funding Available in FY 2001 $ 3,441,000

Uncontrollable Change to Base 6,000

Streamlining Change to Base (1,000)

Net Available After Changes to Base 3,446,000

Natural Resource Challenge Increase in FY 2002 2,400,000

Total Available in FY 2002 $5,846,000

Biological Resource Management Program Funding Categories

Exotic Plant Management Teams $ 3,000,000

Ecological Restoration 400,000

Endangered Species Program 522,000

Integrated Pest Management Program 625,000

Wildlife Program 612,800

Biological Resource Projects-National Level Support 686,200

Total $5,846,000

NPS seasonal employee Adrienne Harris

removing invasive

nonnative black locust

trees with a weedjack

at Indiana Dunes

National Seashore.
40 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

an emerging global problem. A recent Cornell

University study estimated that invasive plants

and animals cost the U.S. economy $137 billion

annually. The Ecological Society of America

noted that invasive species contribute to the

listing of 35% to 46% of all threatened and

endangered species. Today, invasive nonnative

plants infest some 2.6 million acres in the

national parks, and their control is one of most

significant land management issues facing

national parks. 

To combat and control invasive nonnative plant

species populations in national parks, Exotic

Plant Management Teams were established in

FY 2000. The teams are modeled after the

coordinated, rapid-response crews used in

fighting wildland fires. The teams are highly

trained, mobile strike forces of plant management specialists that assist parks in the control

of plants. In FY 2002, five new tactical exotic

plant management teams joined the four

already established. The teams have been lauded for their work in controlling invasive nonnative plants. 

The teams finished their third year of operation in FY 2002, and identified, treated, inventoried, or monitored more than 100 high-priority nonnative plant species on 68,000 infested

acres and monitored over 34,000 acres with no

time lost to injuries. 

Ecological Restoration

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $400,000

Ecological restoration was undertaken in the

form of wildland fire, weed control, contaminants, and cultural resources projects. The

Biological Resource Management Division

increased its efforts to work with the NPS Fire

Management Program Center through participation in the NPS Fire Ecology Program. The

division also continued to provide National

Park Service input into a plan for native plant

material development. To address the issue of

degraded ecosystem restoration, technical

assistance was provided to parks on 12 new

projects. To address the issue of contaminants,

the Biological Resource Management Division

assisted or represented parks or the agency in

various technical discussions and teams. A

cooperative agreement was signed with the

University of Wyoming to provide technical

assistance to parks for biostatistical support.

Integrated Pest Management Program

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $625,000

Through a broad range of integrated pest management training and technical assistance, the

Integrated Pest Management Program provided

low-risk strategies for the management of nonnative and native pests adversely affecting parks.

Technical assistance was provided to more than

100 parks either through on-site consultations,

distributed material, and remote consultations,

or identification of other experts available to

park personnel. In addition to assisting natural

resource managers with pest management

issues, the Integrated Pest Management Program

assists with many other program areas, including

operations, concessions, cultural resources, and

visitor safety. During FY 2002 a significant ongoing activity included the maintenance of a

process for reviewing and tracking pesticide

proposals. During the year, a record 1,700 pesticide proposals were processed. Two weeklong

integrated pest management courses were presented, reaching a total of 56 trainees. Other

training was offered to facilities managers and

concessionaires. 

West Nile Virus continued to pose a threat to

human and wildlife health. Integrated pest

management staff worked closely with the

Centers for Disease Control, the U.S. Fish and

Wildlife Service, and the West Nile Virus

Interagency Task Force to ensure that parks

received the latest information on the virus and

provided specimens for testing. 

Endangered Species Program

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $522,000

During FY 2002 the Challenge again provided

important opportunities for the Endangered

Species Program to contribute to the stabilization and recovery of threatened and endangered species in national parks. The National

Park Service currently has over 400 federally
National Park Service 41

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

listed endangered, threatened, proposed, or

candidate species reported from lands that it

manages. To better support the effort to recover these species, NPS staff continued to update

the NPS endangered species database with

information on the status of individual species

in each park and to track expenditures by

species, as required by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife

Service. This updated information provides the

National Park Service with a better picture of

where recovery efforts are succeeding and

where additional emphasis should be placed. 

In cooperation with Colorado State University

and the Colorado Plateau Cooperative

Ecosystem Studies Unit, approximately 200 draft

management summaries on listed species have

been prepared to help NPS resource managers

identify priorities for funding and to evaluate the

effects of park operations on listed species.

Exotic Plant Management Team Costs and Accomplishments

Team Amount trans- Gross infected Acres Acres Acres Acres Lost-time

ferred to team acres treated retreated inventoried monitored restored injuries

California1/ 300,000 756 0 0 0 0 0

Chihuahuan/ 

Southern 

Shortgrass 

Prairie 302,300 407 16 357 107 4 0

Columbia1/

Cascades 261,000 1,842 115 ,842 428 0 0

Florida 2/

Partnership 648,200 9,560 0 7,586 0 0 0

Gulf Coast1/ 237,000 1,195 40 776 0 0 0

Lake Mead1/ 301,200 489 95 0 0 0 0

National 

Capital 326,100 804 54 4,349 0 4 0

Northern1/

Great Plains 300,000 958 9 14,394 3 0 0

Pacific Islands 325,200 52,740 0 0 34,327 0 0

Annual Totals 3,001,000 68,751 329 29,304 34,865 8 0

1/ First year for team.

2/ Not a team or crew per se, but a partnership with the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP)

Upland Invasive Plant Management Program.
42 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

The Endangered Species Program worked with

the National Center for Genetic Resources

Preservation to develop a memorandum of

understanding that facilitates the National Park

Service storing seeds from highly endangered

species in its seed storage laboratory.

Continued efforts were made to develop a

cooperative agreement with the Center for

Plant Conservation that will result in the collection and preservation of seeds from over

200 NPS populations of endangered plants. 

Two examples of technical assistance given to

parks in FY 2002 include providing advice on listed plants and birds to Colonial National Historical

Park as it prepared for its 400th anniversary and

providing advice to Channel Islands National

Park, which has brought its endemic island foxes

into a captive breeding program. 

The Endangered Species Program continued to

take a lead role in drafting and negotiating

memorandums of understanding with other

federal agencies in order to prevent further

species declines. 

Wildlife Program

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $612,800

The Wildlife Program provides policy guidance, technical assistance, and training to

enhance the ability of park staff to meet the

increasing demands for professional wildlife

management. Subject areas that are typically

addressed include wildlife health, wildlife

restoration, nonnative species management,

wildlife population management, and the identification of wildlife research needs. 

The program provided technical assistance to

parks via consultation, training, and fieldwork

on wildlife capture and anesthesia, and evaluated and developed wildlife management actions

for critical wildlife issues. Examples include

assisting Theodore Roosevelt National Park in

Extra Accomplishments in Hawaii

In response to the September 11th terrorist attacks, the State of Hawaii established the Emergency Environmental

Workforce to provide employment to

displaced workers in the tourism industry. Seventeen workers contributed 5,380

hours to the Pacific Islands Exotic Plant

Management Team. Their primary target

was Miconia, an aggressive tree from

Central America that is poised to overrun

the pristine rainforest in the Kipahulu

Valley Biological Reserve in Haleakala

National Park.

The Number Of Endangered,

Threatened, Proposed, and

Candidate Species Found in National

Park Service Units 

(as of September 30, 2002)

Status Species

Endangered Species 261

Threatened Species 96

Experimental Populations 7

Proposed Species 4

Candidate Species 52

Managed via Conservation 

Agreement 4

Total 424

The Taxonomic Affinity Of Endangered,

Threatened, Proposed, and Candidate

Species Found in 

National Park Service Units

(as of September 30, 2002) 

Taxonomic Group Species

Plants 81

Invertebrates 50

Fish 50

Amphibians 6

Reptiles 22

Birds 59

Total 424
National Park Service 43

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

evaluating management alternatives for surplus

elk with regard to recent chronic wasting disease issues and assisting Pea Ridge National

Military Park on alternatives and actions for

white-tailed deer management. 

The Biological Resource Management Division

teamed up with the National Wildlife Health

Center and the Colorado State University

Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (through a

Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units agreement) to provide veterinary diagnostic services

to national parks. Surveillance for emerging

diseases such as chronic wasting disease of

deer and elk and for common diseases provided managers with valuable information to

address wildlife and public health concerns.

Rabies is also a concern in some parts of the

country, and the division gathered information

and initiated communications with the U.S.

Department of Agriculture and the Centers for

Disease Control and Prevention in order to

formulate guidance.

Technical assistance was provided to Olympic

National Park by reviewing the technology

available for contraception of free-ranging

mountain goats. Improved methodology for

wildlife population control by nonlethal means

is a growing need of wildlife management

Biological Resource Management Competitive Projects, FY 2002 Funding Allocation 

Park Unit Region Project Title FY 2002 Funding

LACL AKR Improve a Census Technique for a Harvested Population of Moose $ 38,500

LACL AKR Tracking Sockeye 23,000

BAND IMR Develop a Wilderness Stewardship Plan 30,000

BAND IMR Monitor Ecosystem Conditions Baseline Wilderness Plan EIS 34,000

BIBE IMR Implement Conservation Agreement Two Candidate Plant Species 24,000

CANY IMR Salt Creek Invertebrates 22,000

ROMO IMR Restore a Population of Colorado River Cutthroat Trout 31,000

SAGU IMR Conduct Invasive Nonnative Grass Backcountry Hasty Search 25,000

SAGU IMR Status Assessment and Management Lowland Leopard Frogs 30,000

YELL IMR Baseline Inventory of Thermophile Biodiversity 24,000

INDU MWR Develop a Database for Sensitive Plants and Orchid Recovery Plan 30,500

ISRO MWR Develop a Fishery Management Plan for ISRO 14,000

WICA MWR Baseline Land Snail Inventory for WICA 25,000

VOYA MWR Protect Muskellunge in Shoepack Lake 23,000

GWMP NCR Potential Impacts of Mosquito Control Activities: Assessment of the Arthropods 25,000

ROCR NCR Determine Ecological Vulnerability of Kenk's Amphipod 27,700

SHEN NER Control Nonnative Vegetation: Essential Follow-up Controls for Several Units 25,000

UPDE NER Determine Size and Significance of Newly Discovered Population of

Endangered Dwarf Mussels 50,000

LAME PWR Development of a Comprehensive Invasive Plant Management Plan for LAME 35,000

LAVO PWR Taxonomic Affinity, Spatial Ecology, and Resource Utilization of a Red Fox

Population 42,500

PIRO MWR Evaluation of Seasonal Stream Usage and Inter-stream migration 

by Coaster Brook Trout 33,000

PORE PWR Habitat Assessment of the Federally Endangered Myrtle's Silverspot Butterfly 24,000

SAMO PWR Assess Distribution and Status of Mountain Lion 25,000

SAMO PWR Assess Reptile and Amphibian Distribution and Status 25,000

Total $686,200

Biological Resources Projects

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $686,200. In FY 2002, 24 competitive projects were funded in 20 parks.
44 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

agencies and parks. The division also

collaborated with the Colorado

Division of Wildlife on fertility control

work at Rocky Mountain National Park. 

Technical assistance was provided to

Yellowstone National Park by supporting

planning on a multi-tiered, collaborative

project with Russian scientists to investigate brucella vaccines, vaccine enhancers,

and delivery systems to address bison

brucellosis management at the park. The

park also hosted a workshop on remote

delivery of pharmaceuticals to free-ranging wildlife. 

The Park Flight Migratory Bird Program focused

again on bird conservation and education projects and created opportunities for technical

exchange and cooperation. The Park Flight

Migratory Bird Program works to protect shared

migratory bird species and their habitats in both

U.S. and Latin American national parks and protected areas. The program is a partnership

between the National Park Service, the National

Park Foundation, American Airlines, the National

Fish and Wildlife Foundation, the U.S. Agency for

International Development, and the University of

Arizona. In FY 2002, the program's second year,

7 bird conservation and education projects were

funded, benefiting 13 U.S. national parks and protected areas in Guatemala, El Salvador,

Nicaragua, Honduras, Panama, and Mexico. As

part of the FY 2002 Park Flight technical

exchange effort, 7 interns from Guatemala, El

Salvador, Nicaragua, Panama, and Mexico assisted with monitoring and education efforts at

Sequoia/Kings Canyon National Parks, North

Cascades National Park, Point Reyes National

Seashore/Golden Gate National Recreation Area,

and the New Jersey Coastal Heritage Trail Route.

The University of Arizona Desert Southwest

Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit and the NPS

Biological Resource Management Division provided technical direction.

Challenge funds were used to provide geologic

expertise in caves, coastal processes, disturbed

land restoration, geohazards, and paleontology.

This specialized expertise is being used to support parks, regions, vital signs networks, and

the inventory and monitoring program.

The Geologic Resources Division staff provided technical assistance on 37 disturbed lands

restoration projects. The division managed the

disturbed lands portion of the Natural

Resource Preservation Program fund source,

with division staff supervising 17 projects. 

Division staff responded to 13 park requests for

technical assistance on coastal process concerns and worked with the Geologic Resource

Inventory program to develop coastal mapping

protocols for barrier island parks. Work is

ongoing with the U.S. Geological Survey to

develop maps delineating coastal vulnerability

to sea-level rise for 5 parks. This mapping

information is being incorporated in park planning and management decisions. 

Staff coordinated NPS development and departmental support for the Fossil Resource Protection

bill, and initiated development of NPS protocols

for assessment of fossil site conditions. 

The cave and karst specialist responded to

eight park technical assistance requests and

provided guidance to park staff and the public.

Products included a cave and karst management brochure, a draft Handbook for Cave and

Geologic Resource Protection

Geologic Program Funding

Funding Available in FY 2002

Other Geology Programs 

(not funded by the Challenge) $ 2,004,000

Geologic Resource Protection 696,000

Natural Resource Challenge 

Increase FY 2002 0

Total Available in FY 2002 $2,700,000
National Park Service 45

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

Karst Management and Protection, and a cave

and karst resources plan for Wind Cave

National Park. To facilitate a sharing of cave

management expertise and develop an NPS

network of cave specialists, the division also

prepared a quarterly newsletter called "Inside

Earth," maintained a website for the National

Cave and Karst Research Institute, and hosted

a national meeting of NPS cave specialists. 

Water Resource Protection

The projects in this category include the

following three areas:

• water resource protection projects and

other projects,

• Water Resources Division competitive

projects, and 

• aquatic resource professionals, 

stationed in field units.

Water Resource Protection Projects

FY2002 Funding Allocation: $1,400,000

These data collection and analysis projects

describe surface and groundwater flow

regimes and investigate the dependence of

park resources upon water. These efforts are

targeted toward development of scientific

information that will benefit decision-makers,

including federal managers, court judges, or

state administrators such as state engineers.

Priorities are determined by the requirements

of federal or state law. 

Twenty-seven projects were funded, including

one with Servicewide implications and three

that were multi-park in nature. The majority of

FY 2002 project funds were used to support

ongoing studies designed to characterize surface or groundwater flow systems. 

• In the desert Southwest, ongoing projects are developing modeling capabilities for regional groundwater flow systems. 

• In the East, hydrologic studies are

developing information on the effects of

impoundments on surface river systems. 

• Projects also assess the relationship

between water quantity and flow timing

and water-dependent park resources,

including riparian vegetation, fish

migration, and geomorphology.

Water Resources Division Competitive Projects

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $752,000

The division's competitive projects support

many park-based activities. A total of 17 projects were fully funded or received their last

year of funding in FY 2002; another 12 projects

will continue into FY 2003. See Appendix G

for lists of Water Resources Division competitive projects.

Aquatic Resource Professionals

FY 2002 Funding Increase: $1,000,000

In FY 2002, the National Park Service received

an increase of $1,000,000 through the

Challenge to support 13 aquatic resource professionals, to be stationed in parks. These new

professionals provide technical assistance to

parks, identify and conduct technical investigations to determine the condition of park aquatic resources, determine if actions of the

National Park Service or external parties

impair or impact resources, assist in developing and implementing aquatic resource mitigation and restoration projects, and interpret and

implement NPS water resource-related policies and regulations. These staff will work on

aquatic resource issues across a number of

parks, with work plans approved annually by

the Water Resources Division. 

Decisions on the disciplines and their duty stations were made using evaluations of existing

water resource issues and needs, and on the

current distribution of aquatic resource professionals in the parks. The positions funded in

FY 2002 include 4 fisheries biologists, 4 aquatic ecologists, 2 hydrologists, a groundwater

hydrologist, a geomorphologist, and a wetlands

ecologist. Specific aquatic resource disciplines

and park duty-stations identified for the 13
46 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

Water Resources Program FY 2002 Funding

Funding Available in FY 20011/ $6,869,000

Uncontrollable Changes to Base 47,000

Streamlining Changes to Base (11,000)

Natural Resource Challenge Increase in FY 20022/ 1,000,000

Total Available in FY 2002 $7,905,000

1/Reflects an increase of $1,275,000 in FY 2001 for water quality vital signs monitoring, discussed under Water Quality Monitoring, and an increase of $825,000 in FY 2001 for Water

Resource Protection projects, discussed in Water Resource Projects.

2/For Water Resource Protection-Aquatic Resource Specialists

Water Resources Program FY 2002 Base Funding by Category

Water Resource Projects

Water Resource Protection $1,400,000

Competitive Projects 752,000

Other Projects 7,000

Water Quality Monitoring 1,275,000

Water Resource Protection-Aquatic Resource Specialists 1,000,000

Water Resource Technical Assistance 2,728,300

Other Water Resource Management 732,700

Total $7,905,000

Note: This section of the report addresses activities and accomplishments related to

water resource protection during FY 2002.
National Park Service 47

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

funded positions include: 4 fisheries biologists

at Lake Clark National Park and Preserve,

Northern and Southern Colorado Plateau

Networks, Chattahoochee River National

Recreation Area, and Isle Royale National Park;

4 aquatic ecologists at Yukon-Charley Rivers

National Preserve, Point Reyes National

Seashore, Saint Croix National Scenic

Riverway, and the Center for Urban EcologyNational Capital Region; 2 hydrologists at

Delaware Gap National Recreation Area and

Grand Teton National Park; a groundwater

hydrologist at the Sonoran Desert Network; a

geomorphologist at Mount Rainier National

Park; and a wetlands ecologist at

Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area. 

While these new positions work on a wide

range of water resource issues facing the parks,

some particularly significant issues to be

addressed include the recovery of endangered

fish in the Colorado River, evaluating the water

quality impacts of urban development near

Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area,

assessing stream stabilization and the protection of cultural resources at Klondike Gold

Rush National Historical Park, analyzing the

effects of beach replenishment projects at Fire

Island National Seashore, evaluating groundwater development near parks at Saguaro

National Park, and the reestablishment of

anadromous fish populations in park waters at

Point Reyes National Seashore. 

Establish Resource Protection Fund

FY 2002 Funding Increase: $300,000

The purpose of this funding source is to facilitate development of strategic approaches for

using law enforcement to protect natural

resources. A key component of this effort is to

develop strong partnerships between natural

resource and protection personnel to enhance

the identification, creation, and application of

field-based law enforcement tools and investigative techniques. Projects focus on strategically

identifying resources at risk, sources of risk,

training needs, and tools for prevention of

poaching, vandalism, and other resource crimes. 

Study of Runoff Components of the Tlikakila Wild River,

Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, Alaska

Located in Lake Clark National Park, the Tlikakila River drains

an area of about 600 square miles. The purpose of this study is

to define the relative contribution of rainfall, snowmelt, glacier

melt, and spring flow to the Tlikakila River. Glaciers increase

the amount of water, nutrients, and sediment into Lake Clark,

an important salmon habitat. Springs along the Tlikakila River

provide critical winter habitat for juvenile salmon. Thus, from

both a high-flow and a low-flow aspect, the Tlikikila River is

important to salmon. 

Sources of Methylmercury in the 

St. Croix National Scenic Riverway

Samples were collected at 22 surface-water sites in the St. Croix

River Basin during July 2000 and 2001 to characterize total mercury and methylmercury concentrations when streams were at

summer low-flow. Total mercury concentrations and yields did

not differ between land-use categories. Methylmercury concentrations were greater in tributaries draining watersheds

characterized by wetland or forest land cover, compared to

tributaries draining agricultural or forest land use, but

methylmercury yields did not differ between land use categories. Methylmercury yields in the Namekagon River and Rush

Creek were four to five times greater than the mean yield for

all tributary streams. Loads of both total mercury and

methylmercury approximately doubled in the St. Croix River

mainstem between site 17 at Nevers Dam and site 18 at

Franconia. 

Wetlands Mapping, Boston 

Harbor Islands National Park Area

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wetlands Inventory,

is delineating and mapping marine, estuarine, and freshwater

wetlands associated with the more than 30 islands that comprise the Boston Harbor Islands National Park Area. Using

recent aerial photographs, draft wetland maps were completed in summer 2001. Ground truthing was conducted in fall 2001

and summer 2002, with a final accuracy assessment completed

in fall 2002. A technical report will accompany the maps, highlighting spatial statistics and a detailed description of the various wetland habitats (e.g., plant species composition, significant wildlife values, and potential threats). Digital wetland

maps will be integrated with the park's geographic information system database.
48 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

Challenge funds supported two projects in FY

2002.

• Resource Stewardship and Protection

Curriculum: The purpose of this project

was to develop and implement a longterm strategic approach to training NPS

employees in the use of law enforcement

and resource protection. Phase one

included beginning the development of

six training courses. Two courses,

Introduction to Resource Stewardship

(with 28 trainees) and Resource

Stewardship for Protection Rangers (for

24 commissioned rangers), were designed

and conducted at Yosemite National

Park. A third course, Intermediate

Resource Protection for Interdisciplinary

Teams, underwent course development

and will be presented in FY 2003. The

entire curriculum will be evaluated by

Indiana University under a cooperative

agreement.

• Biome Based Protection Demonstration

at Blue Ridge Parkway, Shenandoah

National Park, and Great Smoky

Mountains National Park: This project

seeks to protect unique natural resources

from illegal takings at three different

scales: the protection of individual plants

from illegal commercial exploitation, the

establishment of an interagency task force

within the regions to coordinate protection efforts, and the development of

interdisciplinary protection tools that can

be used to address threats shared across

the biome. U.S. Geological Survey specialists developed predictive spatial models to map potential distribution of target

species in the parks. NPS botanists validated the model and designed protocols

for monitoring sites. Twenty-seven covert

sampling sites were installed. Law

enforcement staff established criteria for

a test exchange of intelligence. James

Madison University will evaluate intelligence gathering capacity and make other

recommendations.

Implementation of Resource

Protection Act

FY 2002 Funding Increase: $500,000

The National Park Service conducts damage

assessments and restoration activities for

resource injuries in NPS units, carrying out the

provisions of the Oil Pollution Act (OPA) of

1990, the Clean Water Act as amended by OPA,

the National Park System Resource Protection

Act (PSRPA) (16 USC 19jj), and the

Comprehensive Environmental Response,

Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA). 

Funding under the Natural Resource Challenge

enhanced the capabilities of the program. 

Accomplishments with the additional funding

fell into three areas: development of policies

and procedures for the program, outreach and

training on damage assessment for park staffs,

and technical assistance to carry out actual

damage assessment for incidents in parks.

Policy work included writing Director's Order

14, Resource Damage Assessment and

Restoration, and a draft procedures manual.

These guidelines for the NPS outline the damage assessment process and provide detailed

procedures, forms, and background. 

Damage assessment activities in parks in FY

2002 included work with the U.S. Fish and

Wildlife Service and the State of Tennessee on

an oil well blowout that resulted in an oil spill

and fire at Obed Wild and Scenic River. The

National Park Service took the lead in initiating

a Natural Resource Damage Assessment under

the Oil Pollution Act, and provided response

through placement of oil booms, fire suppression, investigation, and site restoration. Until

the damage assessments are over no claims will

be made. 

The National Park Service also worked with

the U.S. Coast Guard and Florida Marine

Patrol on three vessel grounding incidents at

Dry Tortugas National Park in Florida between

December 18, 2001, and January 17, 2002.

Significant coral reef and submerged Civil War
National Park Service 49

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

resources were injured and lost on these jurisdictionally complex incidents. 

Using Challenge funds, resource managers

received training on the tools for resource

damage recovery. 

Examples of restoration and recovery efforts

include the following.

• The breakwater at San Juan National

Historical Site received successful restoration and repair after being damaged by a

freighter. The 454-foot Russian freighter ran

aground in November 1999 and it took a

four-month effort to remove the ship from

the breakwater. The project involved the

combined efforts of the National Park

Service, the U.S. Coast Guard, and the

Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. The project

came in under the original $1.5 million estimate and was completed on schedule

despite significant weather and logistical

problems.

• The Hale encroachment case at Santa

Monica National Recreation Area settled

for $8,000 in January 2002. The case

involved removal of native vegetation

inside the park boundary.

• Work was finalized with the U.S. Institute

for Environmental Conflict Resolution on

developing an interagency agreement to

provide the National Park Service easier

access to the institute’s alternative dispute

resolution and mediation services. 

• In December 2002, the first seagrass

restoration project for the National Park

Service, using funds received from a 19jj

damage assessment settlement, occurred

at Biscayne National Park. Staff from the

park, the Environmental Quality Division

Restoration Program Team, and contractors from Foster Wheeler Environmental

Corporation and Marine Resources Inc.

worked together to plan and implement

the restoration activities. The restoration

occurred at the Pure Pleasure grounding

site and included placement of fill material into trenches resulting from the

grounding. Restoration of the three other

sites in the park is still in the planning

phase and implementation is expected to

be underway by summer 2003.

Attract Good Science 

and Scientists Theme

The National Park Service has long recognized

the need to have access to high-quality science

to improve management of parks and particularly the natural resources in those parks. Parks

need to become attractive to cooperating scientists and graduate students. Park managers

need to become more aware of the current

state of scientific knowledge. A logical outcome

would also be translation of scientific findings

in parks to laymen's terms and transfer of

information to the scientific community and

the public. This theme of the Challenge, Attract

Good Science and Scientists, is aimed at fostering a climate conducive to scientific investigation and received 8.6% of the Challenge funding allocation in FY 2002.

Both the Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units

and the learning centers were founded on the

concept of partnering. Cooperative Ecosystem

Studies Units are interdisciplinary, multiOil Pollution Act and Resource

Damage Assessment 

and Restoration Funding 

Funding Available 

in FY 2001 $ 886,000

Uncontrollable Changes 

to Base 10,000

Streamlining Changes 

to Base (2000)

Natural Resource Challenge 

Increase in FY 2002 500,000

Total Available 

in FY 2002 $1,394,000
50 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

agency partnerships with the nation's universities and other institutions. The 10 Cooperative

Ecosystem Studies Units had 80 partners

working with them in FY 2002. 

Learning centers provide logistical support to

researchers who work in the national parks, and

serve as conduits for NPS communication with

both the research community and public at large. 

This section addresses the funding available to

both in FY 2002.

Cooperative Ecosystem 

Studies Units

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $1,596,000

Individual Cooperative Ecosystem Studies

Units are part of a national network established with leadership from the National Park

Service, the U.S. Geological Survey, and other

federal agencies. Two additional Cooperative

Ecosystem Studies Units were established at

the end of FY 2002, bringing the total number

of Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units to 12.

Funding for NPS participation in the two additional Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units is

in the FY 2003 budget.

Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units are

organized around biogeographic areas. The

broad scope of Cooperative Ecosystem Studies

Units includes the biological, physical, social,

and cultural sciences needed to address natural

and cultural resource management issues at

multiple scales and in an ecosystem context. 

Active NPS participation in the Cooperative

Ecosystem Studies Unit Network is a key component of the Challenge. Each Cooperative

Ecosystem Studies Unit has an NPS research

coordinator duty stationed at the respective

host-university. In FY 2002, NPS participation

in 10 Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units

included a diverse range of research, technical

assistance, and education projects. Use of the

Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units

increased from a total of over 260 NPS projects and $10 million in FY 2001 to more than

380 NPS projects and $15 million in FY 2002.

Learning Centers

FY 2002 Funding Allocation: $2,698,000, a

$1,800,000 Increase for FY 2002

Learning centers have been designed as publicprivate partnerships that involve a wide range of

Monitoring Coral Reef Fish and

Macroinvertebrates in 

Dry Tortugas National Park

In work done through the South FloridaCaribbean CESU, more than 50 divers completed a

series of "live" fish surveys in an effort to assess

the efficacy of management plans established in

marine protected areas in the waters of coastal

Florida. A 30-day marine life census covered

approximately 230 miles of coast and ocean and

was a collaborative effort among the University of

Miami, the National Park Service and other federal agencies (including the National Oceanic and

Atmospheric Administration), numerous universities (including the University of North CarolinaWilmington), and other organizations. The project

was recently the focus of articles by National

Geographic News and other sources. Video clips

regarding this "megadive" and other related studies can be found at http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/07/0730_020730_fishcensus.html

Great Plains CESU 

Geological information system data were developed to support leafy spurge control at Theodore

Roosevelt National Park. The project provides critical information on spurge distribution that is

being used by the Northern Great Plains Exotic

Plant Management Team.

FY 2002 Funding for Cooperative

Ecosystem Studies Units 

and Learning Centers

Cooperative Ecosystem 

Studies Units $1,596,000

Learning Centers 2,698,000

Total $4,294,000
National Park Service 51

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

people and organizations, including researchers,

universities, educators, and community groups.

Learning centers are field stations for collaborative research activities, providing researchers

with laboratory, office, and dormitory facilities.

Collaboration and cooperation help to leverage

available resources to address the National Park

Service's current backlog of research needs and

to host research of broader interest. Learning

centers are cost effective because each has a

small core staff, and operational expenses will

be shared with partners. The facilities are either

adaptively reused buildings in parks or facilities

in surrounding communities.

As part of the Challenge, five learning centers

were created in 2001; another seven were created in 2002. These learning centers are in various

stages of development and operations, and are

focusing on providing opportunities for cooperating scientists to work in parks and communicate the results of their work to the public.

Learning centers are magnets for researchers.

They promote research in parks simply

through their provision of logistical support

(including places to sleep, eat, and work).

• The number of nights spent by

researchers in Acadia National Park

increased from 371 in FY 2001 to 577 in

FY 2002, a 56% increase. 

• North Coast and Cascades Learning

Center, also in its first year of funding,

saw a 146% increase in researcher

overnight stays, from 87 nights to 214

nights, and a near doubling of the number of research permits the parks

issued, from 19 permits in FY 2001 to 35

permits, in FY 2002.

• For the past two years, the number of

research permits issued and the number

of researcher overnight stays at Great

Smoky Mountains National Park has

been approximately the same but significant—1,088 researcher nights and 159

research permits in FY 2002. 

• In Rocky Mountain National Park, 71

research permits were issued and

researchers stayed over 2,853 nights in

park facilities in FY 2002, despite the

fact that the park's learning center at

historic McGraw Ranch will not be

fully operational until sometime in FY

2003.

Partnerships are a major part of the learning

center concept. Eighteen or more partner

organizations have funded research and education activities at the Great Smoky Mountains

National Park Learning Center. For example,

the Great Smoky Mountains Learning Center

partner, Discover Life in America, is spearheading the park's all-taxa inventory. The

North Coast and Cascades and Point Reyes

learning centers have at least a dozen partner

organizations each, including colleges and universities, government agencies, and schools;

many activities are funded by these partners. 

Learning Center Funding

Funding Available in FY 2001 $898,000

Natural Resource Challenge 

Increase in FY 2002 1,800,000

Total Available in FY 2002 $2,698,000
52 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units (CESUs) Projects, FY 2002

CESU Challenge Number of Challenge Number of $ Leveraged

CESU Challenge CESU- CESU $ Leveraged Projects

Funding Funded Projects for Projects Projects

Intermountain 

Region 173 $7,712,577

Colorado Plateau 154,920 10 119,100

Desert Southwest 154,920 18 144,100

Rocky Mountain 154,920 26 146,250

Midwest Region

Great Plains 154,920 2 29,000 271/ 96,0261/

National Capital 

Region

Chesapeake Watershed 154,920 2 155,000 16 546,018

Northeast Region

North Atlantic Coast 154,920 8 110,957 4 338,643

Pacific West Region 44 2,204,700 

Great Basin 154,920 4 58,000

Pacific Northwest 154,920 8 84,300

Southeast Region 32 2,557,787

South Florida/ Caribbean 154,920 1 27,731

Southern Appalachian 154,920 6 56,589

Totals 1,596,000 85 931,027 296 13,455,751

1/ Includes two projects for the newly established Great Lakes-Northern Forest CESU.

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries
National Park Service 53

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries

Established Learning Centers, Through FY 2002

Location Learning Center Name Funding First Received

FY FY

2001 2002

Acadia National Park Acadia Center for the Environment X

Cape Cod National Seashore Atlantic Learning Center X

Gateway National Jamaica Bay Learning Center for 

Recreation Area Applied Research on Urban Ecology X

Glacier National Park Crown of the Continent Learning Center X

Great Smoky Mountains NP Purchase Knob Learning Center X

Indiana Dunes National Great Lakes Research and Education

Lakeshore Center X

National Capital Region Urban Ecology Learning Alliance X

North Cascades, Mount North Coast and Cascades Learning Center X

Rainier and Olympic NPs

Point Reyes 

National Seashore Pacific Coast Learning Center X

Rocky Mountain Continental Divide Researach and

National Park Learning Center X

Santa Monica Mountains NRA Center for Teaching New America X

Seward, Alaska Sealife Center Ocean Alaska Science and Learning Center X*

Congaree Swamp Old-growth Bottomland Forest

National Monument Research and Education Center X

*Not funded through Natural Resource Challenge funding, but developed in response 

to the Challenge
54 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

McGraw Ranch and the Continental Divide 

Research and Learning Center

Working with the National Trust for Historic Preservation and several university partners,

Rocky Mountain National Park is renovating historic McGraw Ranch for use as a learning

center. The National Trust for Historic Preservation raised more than $800,000 to match

other funding. Volunteers have played a major role in the rehabilitation effort, logging

more than 5,000 hours to date. The McGraw Ranch facility will be open as part of the

Continental Divide Research and Learning Center in May 2003. The facility will increase

the bed, office, lab, and work space for researchers. 

The All Taxa Inventory and the 

Appalachian Highlands Science Learning Center 

The All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory is an attempt by the scientific community to identify

all forms of life within Great Smoky Mountains National Park. The park is partnering with

Discover Life in America, which is spearheading the inventory. To date there are 2,121

new species records for the park with 334 of these being new to science. In FY 2002, 46

permitted researchers used the Appalachian Highlands Science Learning Center at

Purchase Knob and 32 of them provided educational services, including development of

training materials, developing educational protocols, using intern assistants, and direct

contact with several hundred park visitors concerning natural resources. 

Leveraging in Action–Denali Science and Learning Center

Denali National Park and Preserve has not yet received learning center funding, but is

moving ahead to develop a campus style facility, complete with a Denali Science and

Learning Center to support scientific study and education. The campus will be located in

the old park hotel area. Dorms and dining facilities will be available for students and

researchers, and operated by the park's concessioner, Doyon/ARAMARK, a joint venture.

A comprehensive design was developed working with a core team that included partner

and concession representatives, including the Alaska Natural History Association, The

Denali Institute, and The Denali Foundation. The center will serve Denali and a group of

seven northern Alaska parks through research, administration, and education. Programs

will be available in 2003; partial facilities will be available in 2004 and completion is

scheduled for 2005.

Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments 

& Financial Summaries
National Park Service 55
56 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Financial Details

Programs FY 1999 

Base11/

Complete Park Inventories and Monitor Park Resources

Complete Basic Natural Resource Inventories, Except Vegetation Mapping1/ 5,787

Vegetation Mapping Cost-Share with USGS 0

Monitor Vital Signs in Networks of Parks 0

Monitor Water Quality in Parks and Assess Watershed Conditions 0

Expand Air Quality Monitoring and Related Activities 6,285

Inventory Air Emissions in Parks2/ 0

Make Natural Resource Data Useable for Management Decisions and Public3/ 455

Subtotal 12,527

Eliminate Most Critical Resource Problems

Expand NRPP Project Fund, Specialized Inventories, Training12/ 5,432 

Create Native/Nonnative Program/Field Teams for Nonnative Species Management 0 

Establish Resource Protection Fund 0

Eliminate Most Critical Resource Problems

Implement Resource Protection Act–Restores Resources 0 

Protect Geologic Resources4/ 1,918 

Increase Park Bases for Nonnative, Threatened and Endangered Species Recovery5/ 25,693

Expand Water Resource Protection, Restoration6/ 4,754

Subtotal 37,797

Attract Scientists and Good Science

Establish Learning Centers 0

Establish Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units 0

Involve Scientists with Parks

Subtotal 0

Natural Resource Challenge Plus Affected Programs

Non-Challenge Natural Resource Categories7/ 50,324

Park Base 31,402

Regional Project Programs 2,093

Servicewide Project Programs8/ 2,216

Central Office Support9/ 8,196

Total Natural Resource Categories Not Affected 43,907

Everglades Restoration and Research 12,800

Total Natural Resources Appropriation by Year1 107,031

Natural Resource Challenge Funding History

(In Thousands of Dollars)
National Park Service 57

Financial Details

FY 2000 FY 2001 FY 2002 FY 2003 FY 2004

Change Change Change Change13/ Change

Request

7,309 2,000

1,746 2,250

4,191 4,200 6,900 7,924

1,272 3,600 600

2,600

200

1,098

7,309 8,507 6,800 14,750

2,875 4,000 500

3,449 2,400 2,150

300

500

696

3,395 3,200

823 1,000 200

7,020 4,218 11,400 2,350

898 1,800

1,596 400

2,494 1,800 400

14,329 15,219 20,000 18,000 8,524

5,046 6,014 1,600 782 -38

00 0 0 0

-23 8 9 3 -107

1,731 1,498 2,261 -584 4,717

6,754 7,520 3,870 201 4,572

-4092 1,299 862 0 -3,933

124,022 148,060 172,792 190,993 200,156

Natural Resource Challenge Funding History

(In Thousands of Dollars)
58 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Financial Details

Notes

1/FY 1999 figure includes program support

and $895,000 for monitoring projects; in

addition, $2.2 million appropriated for this

program was previously transferred to

parks for their prototype monitoring activities.

2/ Included in Budget Justification as Air

Quality Program, with air quality monitoring, shown separately here.

3/ In FY 1999, these funds were not shown

separately in the Park and Program

Summary.

4/ Part of a larger Geologic Resources

Program that also includes Abandoned

Mine Land Restoration and other mining

and minerals-related activities.

5/ Estimated amount park bases, before the

initiation of the Challenge, devoted to

activities related to invasive and threatened and endangered species management. Estimated amount is derived from

park base amounts contained in official

NPS accounting system, adjusted to reflect

portions of amounts identified against

GPRA Goals (Ia1 and Ia2.)

6/ Part of larger Water Resource Program;

Water Quality Monitoring will be included

in this total in the Budget Justification as

well.

7/ Primarily consists of "uncontrollable 

changes" (i.e., pay cost) and park specific

increases, outside the Challenge, affecting

natural resources. Small amounts of uncontrollable changes affecting base amounts

in Challenge categories are included here.

Uncontrollable changes to base have not

been tracked in the Challenge numbers.

8/ Oil Pollution Program and Geographic

Information Program.

9/ Includes headquarters and regional office

support; equals the residual of the Natural

Resource Appropriation minus the following increases or decreases: Natural

Resource Challenge plus affected programs, park base, regional project programs, Servicewide programs and

Everglades restoration and research.

10/ Comprised of the following three

Program Components included as part of

the Resource Stewardship Budget

Subactivity in ONPS: Natural Resource

Research Support, Natural Resources

Management, and Everglades Restoration

and Research (excludes cultural resources

and resource protection activities.)

11/ Enacted amount shown in FY 2000

Budget Justification.

12/ FY 2003 increase for Alaska projects;

administratively placed in Natural Resource

Preservation Program.

13/ Does not include across-the-board reduction of 0.0065%.
National Park Service 59

Appendices: Park Codes

Park Alpha Park Name Region Primary

Code State

ABLI Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site Southeast KY

ACAD Acadia National Park Northeast ME

ADAM Adams National Historical Park Northeast MA

AGFO Agate Fossil Beds National Monument Midwest NE

ALAG Alagnak Wild River Alaska AK

ALFL Alibates Flint Quarries National Monument Intermountain TX

ALPO Allegheny Portage Railroad National Historic Site Northeast PA

AMIS Amistad National Recreation Area Intermountain TX

ANDE Andersonville National Historic Site Southeast GA

ANIA Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve Alaska AK

ANJO Andrew Johnson National Historic Site Southeast TN

ANTI Antietam National Battlefield National Capital MD

APCO Appomattox Court House National Historical Park Northeast VA

APIS Apostle Islands National Lakeshore Midwest WI

APPA Appalachian National Scenic Trail National Capital WY

ARCH Arches National Park Intermountain UT

ARHO "Arlington House, The Robert E. Lee Memorial" National Capital VA

ARPO Arkansas Post National Memorial Midwest AR

ASIS Assateague Island National Seashore Northeast MD

AZRU Aztec Ruins National Monument Intermountain NM

BADL Badlands National Park Midwest SD

BAND Bandelier National Monument Intermountain NM

BELA Bering Land Bridge National Preserve Alaska AK

BEOL Bent's Old Fort National Historic Site Intermountain CO

BIBE Big Bend National Park Intermountain TX

BICA Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area Intermountain MT

BICY Big Cypress National Preserve Southeast FL

BIHO Big Hole National Battlefield Pacific West MT

BISC Biscayne National Park Southeast FL

BISO Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area Southeast TN

BITH Big Thicket National Preserve Intermountain TX

BLCA Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park Intermountain CO

BLRI Blue Ridge Parkway Southeast NC

BLUE Bluestone National Scenic River Northeast WV

BOAF Boston African-American National Historic Site Northeast MA

BOHA Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area Northeast MA

BOST Boston National Historical Park Northeast MA

BOWA Booker T. Washington National Monument Northeast VA

BRCA Bryce Canyon National Park Intermountain UT

BRCR Brices Cross Roads National Battlefield Site Southeast MS

BRVB Brown v. Board of Education National Historic Site Midwest KS

BUFF Buffalo National River Midwest AR

BUIS Buck Island Reef National Monument Southeast VI

CABR Cabrillo National Monument Pacific West CA

CACH Canyon de Chelly National Monument Intermountain AZ

CACL Castle Clinton National Monument Northeast NY

CACO Cape Cod National Seashore Northeast MA

CAGR Casa Grande Ruins National Monument Intermountain AZ

CAHA Cape Hatteras National Seashore Southeast NC

CAKR Cape Krusenstern National Monument Alaska AK
60 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Appendices: Park Codes

Park Alpha Park Name Region Primary

Code State

CALO Cape Lookout National Seashore Southeast NC

CANA Canaveral National Seashore Southeast FL

CANY Canyonlands National Park Intermountain UT

CARE Capitol Reef National Park Intermountain UT

CARI Cane River Creole National Historical Park Southeast LA

CARL Carl Sandburg Home National Historic Site Southeast NC

CASA Castillo de San Marcos National Monument Southeast FL

CATO Catoctin Mountain Park National Capital MD

CAVE Carlsbad Caverns National Park Intermountain NM

CAVO Capulin Volcano National Monument Intermountain NM

CEBR Cedar Breaks National Monument Intermountain UT

CEHS Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site Midwest NE

CHAM Chamizal National Memorial Intermountain TX

CHAT Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area Southeast GA

CHCH Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park Southeast GA

CHCU Chaco Culture National Historical Park Intermountain NM

CHIC Chickasaw National Recreation Area Intermountain OK

CHIR Chiricahua National Monument Intermountain AZ

CHIS Channel Islands National Park Pacific West CA

CHOH Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park National Capital MD

CHPI Charles Pinckney National Historic Site Southeast SC

CHRI Christiansted National Historic Site Southeast VI

CIRO City of Rocks National Reserve Pacific West ID

CLBA Clara Barton National Historic Site National Capital MD

COGA Constitution Gardens National Capital DC

COLM Colorado National Monument Intermountain CO

COLO Colonial National Historical Park Northeast VA

CORO Coronado National Memorial Intermountain AZ

COSW Congaree Swamp National Monument Southeast SC

COWP Cowpens National Battlefield Southeast SC

CRLA Crater Lake National Park Pacific West OR

CRMO Craters of the Moon National Monument Pacific West ID

CUGA Cumberland Gap National Historical Park Southeast KY

CUIS Cumberland Island National Seashore Southeast GA

CURE Curecanti National Recreation Area Intermountain CO

CUVA Cuyahoga Valley National Park Midwest OH

DAAV Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park Midwest OH

DELA Delaware National Scenic River Northeast PA

DENA Denali National Park and Preserve Alaska AK

DEPO Devils Postpile National Monument Pacific West CA

DESO De Soto National Memorial Southeast FL

DETO Devils Tower National Monument Intermountain WY

DEVA Death Valley National Park Pacific West CA

DEWA Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area Northeast PA

DINO Dinosaur National Monument Intermountain CO

DRTO Dry Tortugas National Park Southeast FL

EBLA Ebey's Landing National Historical Reserve Pacific West WA

EDAL Edgar Allan Poe National Historic Site Northeast PA

EDIS Edison National Historic Site Northeast NJ
National Park Service 61

Appendices: Park Codes

Park Alpha Park Name Region Primary

Code State

EFMO Effigy Mounds National Monument Midwest IA

EISE Eisenhower National Historic Site Northeast PA

ELMA El Malpais National Monument Intermountain NM

ELMO El Morro National Monument Intermountain NM

ELRO Eleanor Roosevelt National Historic Site Northeast NY

EUON Eugene O'Neill National Historic Site Pacific West CA

EVER Everglades National Park Southeast FL

FEHA Federal Hall National Memorial Northeast NY

FIIS Fire Island National Seashore Northeast NY

FILA First Ladies National Historic Site Midwest OH

FLAG Flagstaff Area Intermountain AZ

FLFO Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument Intermountain CO

FOBO Fort Bowie National Historic Site Intermountain AZ

FOBU Fossil Butte National Monument Intermountain WY

FOCA Fort Caroline National Memorial Southeast FL

FOCL Fort Clatsop National Memorial Pacific West OR

FODA Fort Davis National Historic Site Intermountain TX

FODO Fort Donelson National Battlefield Southeast TN

FOFR Fort Frederica National Monument Southeast GA

FOLA Fort Laramie National Historic Site Intermountain WY

FOLS Fort Larned National Historic Site Midwest KS

FOMA Fort Matanzas National Monument Southeast FL

FOMC Fort McHenry National Monument and Historic Shrine Northeast MD

FONE Fort Necessity National Battlefield Northeast PA

FOPO Fort Point National Historic Site Pacific West CA

FOPU Fort Pulaski National Monument Southeast GA

FORA Fort Raleigh National Historic Site Southeast NC

FOSC Fort Scott National Historic Site Midwest KS

FOSM Fort Smith National Historic Site Midwest AR

FOST Fort Stanwix National Monument Northeast NY

FOSU Fort Sumter National Monument Southeast SC

FOTH Ford's Theatre National Historic Site National Capital DC

FOUN Fort Union National Monument Intermountain NM

FOUS Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site Midwest ND

FOVA Fort Vancouver National Historic Site Pacific West WA

FOWA Fort Washington Park National Capital DC

FRDE Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial National Capital DC

FRDO Frederick Douglass National Historic Site National Capital DC

FRHI Friendship Hill National Historic Site Northeast PA

FRLA Frederick Law Olmsted National Historic Site Northeast MA

FRSP Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park Northeast VA

GAAR Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve Alaska AK

GARI Gauley River National Recreation Area Northeast WV

GATE Gateway National Recreation Area Northeast NY

GEGR General Grant National Memorial Northeast NY

GERO George Rogers Clark National Historical Park Midwest IN

GETT Gettysburg National Military Park Northeast PA

GEWA George Washington Birthplace National Monument Northeast VA

GICL Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument Intermountain NM
62 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Appendices: Park Codes

Park Alpha Park Name Region Primary

Code State

GLAC Glacier National Park Intermountain MT

GLBA Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve Alaska AK

GLCA Glen Canyon National Recreation Area Intermountain AZ

GOGA Golden Gate National Recreation Area Pacific West CA

GOIS Governor's Island National Monument Northeast NY

GOSP Golden Spike National Historic Site Intermountain UT

GRBA Great Basin National Park Pacific West NV

GRCA Grand Canyon National Park Intermountain AZ

GREE Greenbelt Park National Capital MD

GREG Great Egg Harbor Scenic and Recreational River Northeast PA

GRKO Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site Intermountain MT

GRPO Grand Portage National Monument Midwest MN

GRSA Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve Intermountain CO

GRSM Great Smoky Mountains National Park Southeast TN

GRTE Grand Teton National Park Intermountain WY

GUCO Guilford Courthouse National Military Park Southeast NC

GUIS Gulf Islands National Seashore Southeast FL

GUMO Guadalupe Mountains National Park Intermountain TX

GWCA George Washington Carver National Monument Midwest MO

GWMP George Washington Memorial Parkway National Capital VA

HAFE Harpers Ferry National Historical Park National Capital WV

HAFO Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument Pacific West ID

HAGR Hamilton Grange National Memorial Northeast NY

HALE Haleakala National Park Pacific West HI

HAMP Hampton National Historic Site Northeast MD

HAVO Hawaii Volcanoes National Park Pacific West HI

HEHO Herbert Hoover National Historic Site Midwest IA

HOBE Horseshoe Bend National Military Park Southeast AL

HOCU Hopewell Culture National Historical Park Midwest OH

HOFR Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt National Historic Site Northeast NY

HOFU Hopewell Furnace National Historic Site Northeast PA

HOME Homestead National Monument of America Midwest NE

HOPI Hohokam Pima National Monument Intermountain AZ

HOSP Hot Springs National Park Midwest AR

HOVE Hovenweep National Monument Intermountain UT

HSTR Harry S Truman National Historic Site Midwest MO

HUTR Hubbell Trading Post National Historic Site Intermountain AZ

IMSF "Intermountain Support Office, Santa Fe" Intermountain NM

INDE Independence National Historical Park Northeast PA

INDU Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore Midwest IN

ISRO Isle Royale National Park Midwest MI

JAGA James A. Garfield National Historic Site Midwest OH

JAZZ New Orleans Jazz National Historical Park Southeast LA

JECA Jewel Cave National Monument Midwest SD

JEFF Jefferson National Expansion Memorial Midwest MO

JEFM Thomas Jefferson Memorial National Capital DC

JELA Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve Southeast LA

JICA Jimmy Carter National Historic Site Southeast GA

JODA John Day Fossil Beds National Monument Pacific West OR
National Park Service 63

Appendices: Park Codes

Park Alpha Park Name Region Primary

Code State

JODR "John D. Rockefeller, Jr., Memorial Parkway" Intermountain WY

JOFI John Fitzgerald Kennedy National Historic Site Northeast MA

JOFL Johnstown Flood National Memorial Northeast PA

JOMU John Muir National Historic Site Pacific West CA

JOTR Joshua Tree National Park Pacific West CA

KAHO Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park Pacific West HI

KALA Kalaupapa National Historical Park Pacific West HI

KATM Katmai National Park and Preserve Alaska AK

KEFJ Kenai Fjords National Park Alaska AK

KEMO Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park Southeast GA

KEWE Keweenaw National Historical Park Midwest MI

KICA Kings Canyon National Park Pacific West CA

KIMO Kings Mountain National Military Park Southeast SC

KLGO Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park Alaska AK

KNRI Knife River Indian Village National Historic Site Midwest ND

KOVA Kobuk Valley National Park Alaska AK

KOWA Korean War Veterans Memorial National Capital DC

LABE Lava Beds National Monument Pacific West CA

LACH Lake Chelan National Recreation Area Pacific West WA

LACL Lake Clark National Park and Preserve Alaska AK

LAME Lake Mead National Recreation Area Pacific West NV

LAMR Lake Meredith National Recreation Area Intermountain TX

LARO Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area Pacific West WA

LAVO Lassen Volcanic National Park Pacific West CA

LBME LBJ Memorial Grove-on-the-Potomac National Capital VA

LIBI Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument Intermountain MT

LIBO Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial Midwest IN

LIHO Lincoln Home National Historic Site Midwest IL

LINC Lincoln Memorial National Capital DC

LIRI Little River Canyon National Preserve Southeast AL

LONG Longfellow National Historic Site Northeast MA

LOWE Lowell National Historical Park Northeast MA

LYJO Lyndon B. Johnson National Historical Park Intermountain TX

MABI Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller National Historical Park Northeast VT

MACA Mammoth Cave National Park Southeast KY

MALU "Martin Luther King, Jr., National Historic Site" Southeast GA

MAMC Mary McLeod Bethune Council House National Historic Site National Capital DC

MANA Manassas National Battlefield Park National Capital VA

MANZ Manzanar National Historical Park Pacific West CA

MASI Manhattan Sites Northeast NY

MAVA Martin Van Buren National Historic Site Northeast NY

MAWA Maggie L. Walker National Historic Site Northeast VA

MEVE Mesa Verde National Park Intermountain CO

MIIN Minidoka Internment National Monument Pacific West ID

MIMA Minute Man National Historical Park Northeast MA

MIMI Minuteman Missile National Historic Site Midwest SD

MISS Mississippi National River and Recreation Area Midwest MN

MNRR Missouri National Recreational River Midwest NE

MOCA Montezuma Castle National Monument Intermountain AZ
64 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Appendices: Park Codes

Park Alpha Park Name Region Primary

Code State

MOCR Moores Creek National Battlefield Southeast NC

MOJA Mojave National Preserve Pacific West CA

MONO Monocacy National Battlefield National Capital MD

MORA Mount Rainier National Park Pacific West WA

MORR Morristown National Historical Park Northeast NJ

MORU Mount Rushmore National Memorial Midwest SD

MUWO Muir Woods National Monument Pacific West CA

NABR Natural Bridges National Monument Intermountain UT

NACC National Capital Parks-Central National Capital DC

NACE National Capital Parks-East National Capital DC

NAMA National Mall National Capital DC

NATC Natchez National Historical Park Southeast MS

NATR Natchez Trace Parkway Southeast MS

NAVA Navajo National Monument Intermountain AZ

NCRO National Capital Support Office National Capital DC

NEBE New Bedford Whaling National Historical Park Northeast MA

NEPE Nez Perce National Historical Park Pacific West ID

NERI New River Gorge National River Northeast WV

NICO Nicodemus National Historic Site Midwest KS

NIOB Niobrara National Scenic River Midwest NE

NISI Ninety Six National Historic Site Southeast SC

NOAT Noatak National Preserve Alaska AK

NOCA North Cascades National Park Pacific West WA

NPSA National Park of American Samoa Pacific West AS

NTST Natchez Trace National Scenic Trail Southeast MS

OBRI Obed Wild and Scenic River Southeast TN

OCMU Ocmulgee National Monument Southeast GA

OKCI Oklahoma City National Memorial Intermountain OK

OLYM Olympic National Park Pacific West WA

ORCA Oregon Caves National Monument Pacific West OR

ORPI Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument Intermountain AZ

OZAR Ozark National Scenic Riverways Midwest MO

PAAL Palo Alto Battlefield National Historic Site Intermountain TX

PAAV Pennsylvania Avenue National Historic Site National Capital DC

PAIS Padre Island National Seashore Intermountain TX

PARA Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument Pacific West AZ

PECO Pecos National Historical Park Intermountain NM

PEFO Petrified Forest National Park Intermountain AZ

PERI Pea Ridge National Military Park Midwest AR

PETE Petersburg National Battlefield Northeast VA

PETR Petroglyph National Monument Intermountain NM

PEVI Perry's Victory and International Peace Memorial Midwest OH

PINN Pinnacles National Monument Pacific West CA

PIPE Pipestone National Monument Midwest MN

PIRO Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore Midwest MI

PISC Piscataway Park National Capital MD

PISP Pipe Spring National Monument Intermountain AZ

POHE Potomac Heritage National Scenic Trail National Capital VA

POPO Poverty Point National Monument Southeast LA
National Park Service 65

Appendices: Park Codes

Park Alpha Park Name Region Primary

Code State

PORE Point Reyes National Seashore Pacific West CA

PRWI Prince William Forest Park National Capital VA

PUHE Puukohola Heiau National Historic Site Pacific West HI

PUHO Puuhonua O Honaunau National Historical Park Pacific West HI

RABR Rainbow Bridge National Monument Intermountain AZ

REDW Redwood National Park Pacific West CA

RICH Richmond National Battlefield Park Northeast VA

RIGR Rio Grande Wild and Scenic River Intermountain TX

ROCR Rock Creek Park National Capital DC

ROLA Ross Lake National Recreation Area Pacific West WA

ROMO Rocky Mountain National Park Intermountain CO

RORE Ronald Reagan National Historic Site Midwest IL

RORI Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front 

National Historical Park Pacific West CA

ROVA Roosevelt-Vanderbilt Headquarters Northeast NY

ROWI Roger Williams National Memorial Northeast RI

RUCA Russell Cave National Monument Southeast AL

SAAN San Antonio Missions National Historical Park Intermountain TX

SACN Saint Croix National Scenic Riverway Midwest WI

SACR Saint Croix Island International Historic Site Northeast ME

SAFR San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park Pacific West CA

SAGA Saint-Gaudens National Historic Site Northeast NH

SAGU Saguaro National Park Intermountain AZ

SAHI Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Northeast NY

SAIR Saugus Iron Works National Historic Site Northeast MA

SAJH San Juan Island National Historical Park Pacific West WA

SAJU San Juan National Historic Site Southeast PR

SAMA Salem Maritime National Historic Site Northeast MA

SAMO Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area Pacific West CA

SAPA Saint Paul's Church National Historic Site Northeast NY

SAPU Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument Intermountain NM

SARA Saratoga National Historical Park Northeast NY

SARI Salt River Bay National Historical Park & Ecological Preserve Southeast VI

SCBL Scotts Bluff National Monument Midwest NE

SCMA Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site Intermountain CO

SEKI Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks Pacific West CA

SEQU Sequoia National Park Pacific West CA

SEUG Southeast Utah Group Intermountain UT

SHEN Shenandoah National Park Northeast VA

SHIL Shiloh National Military Park Southeast TN

SITK Sitka National Historical Park Alaska AK

SLBE Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore Midwest MI

SPAR Springfield Armory National Historic Site Northeast MA

STEA Steamtown National Historic Site Northeast PA

STLI Statue of Liberty National Monument Northeast NY

STRI Stones River National Battlefield Southeast TN

SUCR Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument Intermountain AZ

TAPR Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve Midwest KS

THKO Thaddeus Kosciuszko National Memorial Northeast PA
66 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Appendices: Park Codes

Park Alpha Park Name Region Primary

Code State

THRB Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace National Historic Site Northeast NY

THRI Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site Northeast NY

THRO Theodore Roosevelt National Park Midwest ND

THST Thomas Stone National Historic Site Northeast MD

TICA Timpanogos Cave National Monument Intermountain UT

TIMU Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve Southeast FL

TONT Tonto National Monument Intermountain AZ

TRIS Theodore Roosevelt Island National Capital DC

TUAI Tuskegee Airman National Historic Site Southeast GA

TUIN Tuskegee Institute National Historic Site Southeast AL

TUMA Tumacacori National Historical Park Intermountain AZ

TUPE Tupelo National Battlefield Southeast MS

TUZI Tuzigoot National Monument Intermountain AZ

ULSG Ulysses S. Grant National Historic Site Midwest MO

UPDE Upper Delaware Scenic and Recreational River Northeast PA

USAR U.S.S. Arizona Memorial Pacific West HI

VAFO Valley Forge National Historical Park Northeast PA

VAMA Vanderbilt Mansion National Historic Site Northeast NY

VICK Vicksburg National Military Park Southeast MS

VICR Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument Southeast VI 

VIET Vietnam Veterans Memorial National Capital DC

VIIS Virgin Islands National Park Southeast VI

VOYA Voyageurs National Park Midwest MN

WABA Washita Battlefield National Historic Site Intermountain OK

WACA Walnut Canyon National Monument Intermountain AZ

WAPA War in the Pacific National Historical Park Pacific West GU

WASH Washington Monument National Capital DC

WEAR Western Arctic Park Lands Alaska AK

WEFA Weir Farm National Historic Site Northeast CT

WHHO The White House (President's Park) National Capital DC

WHIS Whiskeytown-Shasta-Trinity National Recreation Area Pacific West CA

WHMI Whitman Mission National Historic Site Pacific West WA

WHSA White Sands National Monument Intermountain NM

WICA Wind Cave National Park Midwest SD

WICR Wilson's Creek National Battlefield Midwest MO

WIHO William Howard Taft National Historic Site Midwest OH

WORI Women's Rights National Historical Park Northeast NY

WOTR Wolf Trap Farm Park National Capital VA

WRBR Wright Brothers National Memorial Southeast NC

WRST Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve Alaska AK

WUPA Wupatki National Monument Intermountain AZ

YELL Yellowstone National Park Intermountain WY

YOSE Yosemite National Park Pacific West CA

YUCH Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve Alaska AK

YUHO Yucca House National Monument Intermountain CO

ZION Zion National Park Intermountain UT
National Park Service 67

Appendices: Appendix A

Projected Completion Schedule for Baseline Natural Resource Inventories 

Being Conducted by The National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program

Basic Data Sets End of FY 2002 End of FY 2003 End of FY 2004 End of FY 2005 FY 2005-101/

Total

Underway Completed Underway Completed Completed Completed To be

Completed

Automated Bibliographies 2 263 0 270 270 270 0 1075Base Cartographic Data 10 260 0 270 270 270 0 1080Higher Plant and Animal Occurrence (species lists) 0 270 0 270 270 270 0 1080Distribution of Species of Special Concern 270 0 270 0 230 270 0 1040Vegetation Maps 45 28 36 37 52 95 175 468Soils Maps 97 57 89 63 100 130 140 676Geology Maps 227 14 215 26 38 70 200 790Water Resource Locations (digital) 50 220 0 270 270 270 0 1080Water Chemistry 0 270 0 270 270 270 0 1080Air Quality 0 250 0 250 250 250 0 1000Air Quality-Related Values 0 0 0 0 50 75 195 320Meteorological Data 53 196 20 250 270 270 0 1059Total 754 1828 630 1976 2340 2510 710 107481/ The Servicewide program acquires basic inventory data sets for about 270 parks with significant natural resources. However,some parks have acquired some of these data sets and a few parks may not need all 12 sets. The "Parks to be completed" column reflects the number of parks Servicewide with outstanding needs.
68 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Appendices: Appendix B

Amount of Funding for Major NPS Vegetation Mapping Projects During FY 2002 

and Associated Expenditures by Partnering Entities. 

(Refer also to Appendix C for Alaska Regional Expenditures)

Vegetation Mapping NPS-I&M FirePro USGS Other

Project Funding Funding NPS

Sequioa /Kings Canyon NP $ 127,200 $ 75,000

Yosemite NP $ 250,000

Glacier NP $ 6,500 $ 306,000

Grand Teton NP $ 180,000 $ 15,000

Rocky Mountain NP $ 138,800 $ 100,000

Bandelier NM $ 264,500

Effigy Mounds NM $ 96,600

Northeast Region Parks $ 130,750

Wupatki NM $ 15,000

Whiskeytown NRA $ 75,000

Santa Monica Mts. NRA $ 400,000

Point Reyes NS $ 100,000

Shenandoah NP $ 15,000

North. Colo. Plateau Parks $ 200,000 $ 200,000 $ 150,600 $ 505,000

Cumberland/Piedmont Parks $ 100,000 $ 144,500

Appalachian Highlands Parks $ 100,000 $ 29,000

National Capital Parks $ 64,000 $ 61,000

Ozark NSR $ 56,800

Cape Cod NS $ 44,700

Eastern River/Mts. Network $ 218,500

Virginia Parks $ 216,700

Other Costs:

NatureServe Agreement $ 110,000

USMESC Support $ 37,500

Program Administration $ 102,000 $ 269,300

Totals $1,746,950 $ 1,418,500 $985,000 $ 754,500
National Park Service 69

Appendices: Appendix C

Network Funding for Vertebrate and Vascular Plant Inventories

FY 2002

Network Total Budget Allocation

Southwest Alaska Network 1,331,828 225,500

Northwest Alaska Network 1,437,470 409,700

Central Alaska Network 942,915 233,600

Southeast Alaska Network 404,648 201,400

Great Lakes Network 1,181,860 225,800

Heartland Network 788,301 295,300

Northern Great Plains Network 782,749 197,100

Mid-Atlantic Network 424,635 74,900

Eastern Rivers and 

Mountains Network 602,551 173,400

Northeast Coastal and 

Barrier Network 866,885 248,300

Northeast Temperate Network 579,880 75,000

National Capital Network 686,257 163,800

Cumberland/Piedmont Network 565,541 98,200

Southeast Coast Network 1,163,014 310,600

Gulf Coast Network 852,881 221,300

FY 2003

Network Total Budget Allocation

Southwest Alaska Network 623,939 152,503

Northwest Alaska Network 596,836 145,283

Central Alaska Network 569,734 138,064

Southeast Alaska Network 542,631 130,844

Great Lakes Network 515,528 123,624

Heartland Network 488,425 116,405

Northern Great Plains Network 461,323 109,185

Klamath Network 731,392 160,000

Totals 17,141,223 4,229,808
70 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Appendices: Appendix D

Allocations for Inventory Other than Network Biological Inventories 

and Vegetation Mapping during FY 2002

Organization Title FY 2002 Funding

BIOTIC INVENTORIES

NPS—I&M Agreements IT IS Support 25,000

Alaska NPs Landcover 500,000

Olympic NP Amphibian Inventory 24,000

Appalachian Trail Biological Inventory 39,800

ABIOTIC INVENTORIES

NPS—I&M Agreements Base Cartography 80,000

NPS—I&M Agreements Climate 178,800

NPS—WRD Agreements Water Body Classification 50,000

Chiricahua NM Water Quality 14,300

Coronado NM Water Quality 42,000

Fort Bowie NHS Water Quality 9,100

Gila Cliff Dwelling NM Water Quality 19,500

Montezuma Castle NM Water Quality 19,500

Organ Pipe Cactus NM Water Quality 19,000

Saguaro NP Water Quality 61,600

Columbia-Cascades SO Bibliography 50,000 

Intermountain Region Parks Soils 7,400

Denali NPP Soils 90,500

Denali NPP (NRCS) Soils 26,500

Big Bend NP Soils 84,500

Channel Islands NP Soils 150,000

Redwoods NP Soils 99,700

Grand Canyon NP Soils 175,000

Padre Island NP Soils 75,500

Apostle Islands NL Soils 10,000

Saint Croix NSR Soils 43,000

North Cascades NP Soils 20,000

Great Smoky Mountains NP Soils 203,400

NPS—GRD Agreements Geology 199,000

NPS—GRD (Multi Parks) Scoping Workshops 208,000

National Capital Region Parks Geology 23,000

Great Smoky Mts. NP Geology 10,000

Ozark NSR Geology 15,000

Blue Ridge Parkway Geology 50,000

Lake Meade NRA Geology 20,000

Wupatki NM Geology 25,000

Craters of Moon NM Geology 10,000

Cape Lookout NS Geology 20,000

Cape Hatteras NS Geology 20,000

TOTAL $ 2,718,100
National Park Service 71

Appendices: Appendix E

Natural Resource Preservation Program (NRPP) Projects

NRPP—Natural Resource Management New and Ongoing Projects

Park Project Title Total Funding FY 2002 Funding

Olympic NP Evaluation of Goat Management $79,000 $33,000

Cumberland Island NS Eradicate Feral Hogs 171,000 60,000

Glacier Bay NP Quantifying Commercial and Sport Fishing Harvest 160,000 47,000

Congaree Swamp NM Develop Feral Hog Reduction Plan 85,000 01

Petrified Forest NP Preservation of Petrified Wood 168,000 02

Grand Teton NP Monitoring of Wolves 396,000 95,000

Sleeping Bear Dunes NL 

and Pictured Rocks NL Restoration Biodiversity 364,000 120,000

Great Basin NP Cutthroat Trout 164,000 74,000

Buffalo NR Assessment of Fish 405,000 172,000

Point Reyes NS Coastal Dune Restoration 333,000 114,000

Redwood NP Remove English Ivy 218,000 68,000

Cape Cod NS Effects of Groundwater 195,000 68,000

Badlands NP Emergency Salvage of Collection of Fossils 341,000 138,000

Mammoth Cave NP Restore Habitat for Indiana Bat 245,000 65,000

Western Area of Alaska Assess Reindeer Impacts to Lichen Ecosystems 108,000 9,000

Jean Lafitte NHP and Pres Establish a Biocontrol Program for Salvinia 111,000 35,000

Redwood NP Restore Lost Man Creek Watershed 900,000 766,000

Lake Meredith NRA Protect Native Habitat by Completing North Boundary Fence 153,000 51,000

Indiana Dunes NL Restore Biological Resources of the Cowles Bog Wetland 101,000 48,000

Pinnacles NM Re-establish California Condors 572,000 192,000

Biscayne NP Reverse Declining Populations by Developing Fisheries 

Management Plan 233,000 139,000

Olympic NP Wilderness Recovery at Boulder Hot Springs 54,000 03

Glacier Bay NP and Pres Backcountry Management Data Collection Analysis 244,000 141,000

Intermountain Region Initiate IMR Noxious Weed Inventory and Mapping Program 578,500 214,500

Great Basin NP Wild Cave Inventory and Management 216,000 92,000

Buffalo NR Delineate and Characterize Karst Groundwater Recharge Zone 100,000 50,000

Point Reyes NS Remove Iceplant at Point Reyes Lighthouse Headlands 339,000 112,000

Kalaupapa NHP Exclude Ungulates from Pu'u Ali'i Plateau 663,000 44,000

Pinnacles NM Restore Climbing Area 94,000 40,000

Lake Clark NP and Pres. Refine Techniques to Survey Harvested Brown Bear Populations 235,000 04

Denali NP and Pres Determine Baseline Info Along Proposed North Access Corridor 370,000 123,000

Voyageurs NP Document Changes in Reservoir Management on Mercury 

Accumulation in Fish and Other Aquatic Ecosystem Components 311,000 102,000

Isle Royale NP Implement Wilderness Management Plan: 

Carrying Capacity and Long-term Monitoring 270,000 97,000

Pipe Springs NM Geologic Mapping and Seismic Profile Investigations 308,000 164,000

Fossil Butte NM Geological Mapping of Primary Formations 209,000 79,000

Rocky Mountain NP Restore Glacier Creek Livery/Wetland 103,000 47,000

Big Bend NP Stop BIBE Feral Hog Invasion 130,000 55,000

National Capitol Parks Dragonflies and Damselflies: Likely Affected by WNV Management 63,000 20,000

Big South Fork NRRA Reintroduce Black Bear 120,000 05

Wind Cave NP Monitor for Chronic Wasting Disease 279,000 33,000

Rocky Mountain NP Implement Interim Actions for CWD Management 453,000 25,000
72 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Appendices: Appendix E

Natural Resource Preservation Program (NRPP) Projects

NRPP—Natural Resource Management New and Ongoing Projects

Park Project Title Total Funding FY 2002 Funding

Padre Island NS Assess Impacts on Seagrass Meadow 100,000 50,000

Oregon Caves NM Complete Cave Restoration 54,000 15,000

Golden Gate NRA Restore Ft. Baker Mission Blue Butterfly Habitat 632,000 172,000

Capitol Reef NP T and E Plant Pollinators 151,000 65,000

Glacier NP Lake McDonald Fishery Management 174,000 63,000

Glacier NP Assess Wolverine Population 186,000 46,000

Fire Island NS Relationships Among Barrier Island Processes 188,000 107,000

Olympic NP Determine Migratory Pathways, Spawning Areas, and 

Potential Sources of Threats to Listed Bull Trout 229,000 84,000

Rocky Mountain NP Implement Invasive Plant Management Plan 150,000 14,000

Total $11,831,500 $4,348,500

1 FY 2002 was the second year of a two-year hiatus at the request of Congaree Swamp. The park is scheduled to

receive $39,000 in FY 2003 and $42,000 in FY 2004.

2 Petrified Forest NP was unable to obligate its FY 2002 allocation of $56,000. The funding was re-allocated to

IMRO's Noxious Weed Inventory and Mapping project, to be returned to Petrified Forest in FY 2003.

3 FY 2002 Olympic NP allocation of $54,000 was returned to Comptroller per Assessment. The project, delayed

one year, is scheduled to receive $54,000 in FY 2003.

4 Lake Clark project was delayed one year and scheduled to start in FY 2003 with $75,000.

5 Big South Fork project was delayed one year and scheduled to start in FY 2003 with $52,000.
National Park Service 73

Appendices: Appendix E

NRPP—Threatened and Endangered Species Fully Funded Projects 

Park Project Title Total Funding FY 2002 Funding

Mojave NPres Baseline Survey of Desert Tortoise $136,000 $52,000

Grand Canyon NP Inventory for Mexican Spotted Owls 104,000 52,000

Capitol Reef NP Endangered Plant Inventory 163,000 53,000

Mammoth Cave NP Protect Endangered Species Habitat 

at Wilson Cave 16,000 16,000

Total $419,000 $173,000

NRPP—Threatened and Endangered Species New and Ongoing Projects

Park Project Title Total Funding FY 2002 Funding

Big Thicket NPres Reintroduce Texas Trailing Phlox $32,000 $01

Cape Hatteras NS Seabeach Amaranth: Habitat 

Assessment/Restoration Using 

Remote Sensing Data 136,400 52,000

Chesapeake and

Ohio Canal NHP Restoration and Recovery for 

Federally Endangered Harperella 

(Ptilimnium nodosum) 151,000 56,000

Lake Mead NRA OHV Damage Control in Desert Tortoise 

Critical Habitat, Cottonwood Cove—

Newberry Mountains, Lake Mead NRA 150,000 55,000

Pinnacles NM Re-establish California Red-legged Frogs 

to the Bear Gulch Reservoir 103,000 39,000

Rocky Mountain NP Re-establish, Stabilize, and Manage 19 

Populations of Greenback Cutthroat Trout 66,000 23,000

Santa Monica 

Mountains NRA Nonnative Species Removal and Habitat 

Restoration for Recovery of the Federally 

Listed Endangered Plant, Pentachaeta lyonii 54,000 28,000

Wind Cave NP Reintroduction of Black-Footed Ferrets 

to WICA - Phase 1 100,000 42,000

Total $792,400 $295,000

1 FY 2002 Big Thicket NPres allocation of $32,000 was delayed one year: $9,000 was returned to the

Comptroller per Assessment and $23,000 was re-allocated to NRPP-Natural Resource Management

Intermountain Regional Office Noxious Weed Inventory and Mapping project. All $32,000 will be

returned to Big Thicket in FY 2003 from NRPP - Natural Resource Management funds.
74 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Appendices: Appendix E

NRPP—Disturbed Lands Restoration Fully Funded Projects

Park Project Title Total Funding FY 2002Funding

Buffalo NR Restore Stream, Boxley Valley $167,000 $15,000

Channel Islands NS Protect Endemic Island Oak and 

Rehabilitate of Actively Eroding Areas 85,300 39,100

Denali NP and Pres. Restore Caribou Creek 200,000 67,000

Denali NP and Pres. Remove Hazardous Conditions at the 

Kantishna Mining District 149,500 70,500

Florissant Fossil Beds NM Remove and Restore Earthen Dams 142,000 44,000

Golden Gate NRA Restore Lower Easkoot Creek 154,500 4,000

Great Basin NP Restore the Bonita Mine 214,200 59,700

Saint Croix Island IHS Restore Caps Creek to a Brook Trout 

Stream: Schultz Pond Project 95,000 95,000

Total $1,207,500 $394,300

NRPP—Disturbed Lands Restoration New and Ongoing Projects

Park Project Title Total Funding FY 2002 Funding

Big Bend NP Phase 2 Nine Point Draw Watershed 

Restoration $236,700 $80,600

Buffalo NR Develop Mitigation Strategy to 

Address Runoff from Park Roads 96,800 56,600

Fire Islands NS Plug and Abandon Flowing Water Wells 76,400 8,800

Lake Mead NRA OHV Restoration—North Shore—

Lakeshore Scenic Drive Areas 250,000 88,100

Palo Alto Battlefield NHS Restore Resaca Wetlands 116,900 43,800

Pinnacles NP Old Pinnacles Road Restoration 250,000 107,300

Yellowstone NP Reclaim Three Miles of Abandoned Turbid 

Lake Road and Reconstruct Turbid Lake Trail 211,500 70,500

Total $1,238,300 $455,700
National Park Service 75

Appendices: Appendix E

Servicewide Fully Funded Projects and Summaries

Recurring Funding

Expenditures Initial Amount Funded Amount

Partnerships with Professional Organizations $50,000 $50,000

Director's Natural Resource Awards 50,000 42,587

Publications: Year in Review and Park Science 108,000 124,464

Haskell Agreement 11,000 0

Total $219,000 $217,051

Cross-Cutting Servicewide Database Initiatives

Expenditures Initial Amount Funded Amount

NR-MAP revision $10,000 $ 9,960

RAMS Completion/Handoff 50,000 39,242

Improve Research and Collecting Permit Process 64,000 64,000

Train Research Coordinators 30,000 21,386

Total $154,000 $134,588

Special Projects

Expenditures Initial Amount Funded Amount

Sustainable Seascapes Symposium $10,000 $0

USGS Brucellosis—Technical Assistance and Research (final year) 100,000 100,000

Parks Canada 10,000 0

Peer Review Process 35,000 35,000

Web Support 31,000 31,000

Information Needs Assessment 60,000 57,003

Natural Resource Curation Workshop 15,000 14,063 

Nonnative I&M/Prioritization Workshop 15,000 14,896

Identify Toxic Hot Spots in West 65,000 65,000

Geologic Resource Projects 85,000 85,000

Merge NPS Accoustic Database with I&M 17,000 17,000

Soundscape Science Technical Meeting 61,000 66,494

Benefits Transfer Database 30,000 30,000

Total $534,000 $515,546
76 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Appendices: Appendix E

Unplanned project support, FY 2002

Expenditures Initial Amount Funded Amount

Enhance NPS CESU Network National Coordination $0 $10,000

Develop PMIS Copy Tool/ Enhance RAMS Software 0 29,905

Total $0 $39,905

NRPP—Small Park Projects Funded in FY 2002

Region State Park Project Title Funding

AKR AK Sitka NHP Install Food Storage and Waste Handling Facilities to 

Improve Bear Safety Program $20,000

IMR AZ Hubbell Trading Post NHS Partner with Navajo Nation to Improve Water Quality 

on Pueblo Colorado Wash 15,000

IMR AZ Navaho NM Replace Fence to Protect Resources at Keet Seel 5,000

IMR AZ Tonto NM Fence Monument Boundary 14,900

IMR AZ Walnut Canyon NM Assess Breeding and Habitat Status of Mexican Spotted Owl 14,800

IMR CO Florissant Fossil Beds NM Identification of Fossil Plants and Insects from 

Recent Excavations 5,000

IMR CO Yucca House NM Spring Water Source and Quality 6,700

IMR MT Grant-Kohrs Ranch NHS Develop Agricultural Use Plan 8,100

IMR MT Grant-Kohrs Ranch NHS Repair Jackleg Fence along Riparian Zone 6,000

IMR NM Aztec Ruins NM Restore Native Plants to West Rim 5,600

IMR NM Capulin Volcano NM Install Fence to Exclude Wildlife Sewage Lagoons 10,500

IMR NM Pecos NHP Eradicate Nonnative Trees 13,000

IMR OK Chickasaw NRA Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Survey 8,300

IMR OK Washita Battlefield NHS Perform Bioassessment of Aquatic Biological Resources 15,000

IMR TX Alibates Flint Quarries NM Assess Wildfire Impacts and Develop Long-Term Fire 

Effects Monitoring Protocols for Vegetation 2,500

IMR TX San Antonio Missions NHP Assess Mammals and Inventory of Land Mammals 

Including Bats 12,800

IMR UT Timpanogos Cave NM Cave Restoration and Formation Repair 15,000

IMR WY Devils Tower NM Control Nonnative Plants 13,300

IMR WY Fossil Butte NM Riparian Restoration 14,500

MWR AR Arkansas Post NMem Herpetofauna Species Richness and Habitat Use Inventory 15,500

MWR AR Pea Ridge NMP Restore 30 Acres of Disturbed Lands 20,000

MWR IA Effigy Mounds NM Inventory and Assessment of Red-Shoulder Hawks 5,000

MWR IA Herbert Hoover NHS Develop a Prairie Management Plan 10,000

MWR KS Fort Scott NM Control Nonnative Plants and Woody Species in Prairie 3,200

MWR MN Pipestone NM Develop IPM Plan 18,500

MWR MO Wilsons Creek NB Nonnative Species Control 18,500

MWR ND Knife River Indian Villages NHS ZRAT—Control of Leafy Spurge 8,700 

MWR NE Agate Fossil Beds NM Canada Thistle Control 10,000

MWR NE Homestead NM Restore Native Prairie: Freeman School Prairie 20,000

MWR NE Homestead NM Prairie Maintenance and Improve Water Quality 10,000

MWR SD Jewel Cave NM Map Karst Area Northwest of Jewel Cave 13,600
National Park Service 77

Appendices: Appendix E

NRPP—Small Park Projects Funded in FY 2002

Region State Park Project Title Funding

MWR SD Wind Cave NP Locate and Evaluate Historic Trees $15,000 

NCR NCR National Capital Parks—Central Restoration of Ecological Balance in Constitution 

Gardens Lake (1 Yr of 3) 10,000

NCR NCR National Capital Region (multi-park) Protecting Biodiversity in NCR Parks: Balancing Visitor 

Experience with Resource Preservation 61,000

NCR VA George Washington Mem Pkwy Fish Species Inventory—Dyke Marsh on the Potomac 

River (2 Yr of 3) 10,000

NER CT Weir Farm NHS Develop IPM Plan 20,000 

NER MA Boston Support Office Role of Small National Historical Parks in Natural 

Resource Preservation 25,400 

NER NH Saint-Gaudens NHS Inventory and Assess Vernal Pools 19,300 

NER PA Gettysburg NMP Invertebrate Taxonomic Assessment 39,300 

PWR AS NP of American Samoa Resuscitating Weed-Infested Rainforest on Mt Alava 1,000

PWR CA Devils Postpile NM Bird Demographic Monitoring and Outreach 15,000

PWR CA John Muir NM Bees and Wasps 7,000

PWR CA Manzanar NHS Survey Amphibian and Reptile Species 8,000

PWR CA Manzanar NHS Survey Bird Species 10,000

PWR HI Kaloko-Honokohau NHP Determine Contaminant Bioaccumulation with Fat Bags 8,000

PWR HI Kaloko-Honokohau NHP Assess Diphacinone as Tool for Predator Control 18,000

PWR ID Hagerman Fossil Beds NM Install Groundwater Tracer Test Well 14,000

PWR ID Hagerman Fossil Beds NM Complete Analysis of Microbiotic Soil Crusts 7,000

PWR ID Hagerman Fossil Beds NM Complete Mapping/Boundary Survey Project 29,000

PWR ID Nez Perce NHP Develop Vital Signs Monitoring Plan 5,000

PWR MT Big Hole NB Develop Vital Signs Monitoring Plan 5,000

PWR OR Fort Clatsop NMem Eradicate English Ivy and English Holly 10,000

PWR OR Oregon Caves NM Delineate Wetlands 5,000

PWR OR Oregon Caves NM Assess Clearcut and Cave Effects with Bacteria DNA 21,000

PWR WA San Juan Island NHS Support Partner Resource Monitoring 6,000

PWR WA San Juan Island NHS Control of Nonnative Plant Species 13,000

PWR WA San Juan Island NHS Survey for Marbled Murrelets 20,000

PWR WA Whitman Mission NHS Develop Vital Signs Monitoring Plan 5,000

PWR WA Whitman Mission NHS Replace Nonnative Grass with Native Grasses 1,000

SER AL Horseshoe Bend NMP Monitor and Control Nonnative Plant Species 6,000

SER FL Timucuan Ecological and HPres Inventory Vegetation on Newly Acquired Lands 10,000

SER GA Chattahoochee River NRA Inventory Threatened and Endangered Aquatic Mussels 10,000

SER GA Chattahoochee River NRA Inventory Aquatic Plants 10,000

SER GA Chattahoochee River NRA Develop Vegetation Management Plan 8,600

SER GA Chattahoochee River NRA Upgrade/Outfit Park's Water Quality Lab 3,000

SER GA Chickamauga and Chattanooga NMP Design Landscape Rehabilitation Plan for Sunset Rock 

on Lookout Mountain 15,000

SER GA Fort Frederica NM Delineation and Inventory of Wetlands and Water Resources 5,000

SER GA Fort Pulaski NM Conduct Baseline Water Quality Survey 3,000

SER GA Jimmy Carter NHS Develop IPM Plan 2,000

SER GA Kennesaw Mountain NBP Resource Management Assistance for Cowpens and 

Kings Mountain 32,000

SER GA Ocmulgee NM Remove Fire and Safety Hazard Vegetation 10,000

SER GA Ocmulgee NM Eradicate Invasive Nonnative Flora and Fauna 15,000
78 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Appendices: Appendix E

NRPP—Small Park Projects Funded in FY 2002

Region State Park Project Title Funding

SER MS Vicksburg NMP Natural Resources Inventories: Aquatic Resources $ 8,000

SER MS Vicksburg NMP Nonnative Plant Management 13,000

SER NC Guilford Courthouse NMP Obtain Geographic Information Systems Equipment 5,000

SER NC Kings Mountain NMP Conduct Inventory and Assessment of Avifauna Species 14,800

SER NC Kings Mountain NMP Conduct Wetlands Delineation and Water Resource Inventory 26,100

SER NC Moores Creek NB Complete EA for Fire Management Plan 5,500

SER TN Stones River NB Monitor Nonnative Plant Populations 10,000

Total $1,000,000

NRPP—Regional Block Allocation Projects Funded in FY 2002

Region State Park Project Title Funding

AKR AK Alaska Support Office Management of Bears and Human-Bear Interactions And 

Providing For Visitor Safety in Alaska's National Parks $41,000 

AKR AK Alaska Support Office Science Symposium 10,000 

AKR AK Alaska Support Office Science Journal 25,000 

AKR AK Alaska Support Office Alaska Watershed and Stream Hydrography Enhanced Datasets 30,000 

AKR AK Alaska Support Office AK Fish and Wildlife Service Cooperative Unit Support 25,000 

AKR AK Alaska Support Office Create Public Outreach Materials for Ecological Tour of Alaska 30,000 

AKR AK Alaska Support Office Develop Web Based Curriculum Project on the Culture 

of Wilderness 24,000 

AKR AK Denali NP and Pres Implement Education Program to Reduce Human-Wildlife 

Interactions: Educate Visitors to Not Feed or Approach Wildlife 5,000 

AKR AK Gates of the Arctic NP and Pres Brown Bear Conference 10,000 

IMR AZ Grand Canyon NP Resident Eagle Inventory: Emphasis on Declining Golden Eagle 20,000 

IMR AZ Southern Arizona Group Monitoring Avian Migration in Southeastern Arizona 20,000 

IMR AZ Tonto NM Conduct Aerial Photography 2,800 

IMR AZ Wupatki NM Assess Juniper Woodland Succession 18,700 

IMR CO Bent's Old Fort NHS Native Vegetation Restoration Plan 10,000 

IMR CO Florissant Fossil Beds NM Establish Interpretive Exhibit 1,000 

IMR CO Florissant Fossil Beds NM Control Four Species of Noxious Weeds 19,000

IMR CO Great Sand Dunes NP Seismic Hazard Assessment 19,900 

IMR TX San Antonio Missions NHP Controlling Nonnative Plant Species in Mission Labores Area 20,000 

IMR UT Bryce Canyon NP Soundscape Monitoring 20,000 

IMR UT Cedar Breaks NM Repair and Rehabilitate Eight Miles 13,600 

IMR WY Fort Laramie NHS Develop IPM Plan 15,000 

IMR WY Yellowstone NP Restoration Stream Flow Allocation to Protect Native Fish 20,000 

MWR AR Buffalo NR Monitor Post-Oak Savanna Ecological Restoration 10,000 

MWR MI Pictured Rocks NL Black Bear Ecology in Relation to Consumptive and NonConsumptive Human Use 25,000

MWR MN Grand Portage NM Inventory and Characterization of Carabid Bettle 

Assemblages in Six Plant Communities 6,200 
National Park Service 79

Appendices: Appendix E

NRPP—Regional Block Allocation Projects Funded in FY 2002

Region State Park Project Title Funding

MWR MN Mississippi NRRA Identify Open Space and Habitat Protection Opportunities $10,000 

MWR MN Voyagers NP Control of Nonnative Smallmouth Bass to Restore 

Native Predator 25,000

MWR MO George Washington Carver NM Special Natural History Research Study, Phase I 10,000 

MWR MO Ozark NSR Catalog Natural History Collection, Phase III (Post-1987) 17,200 

MWR OH Cuyahoga Valley NP Assess Landscape Composition Effects on White-tailed Deer 

Distribution and Impacts 15,200 

MWR SD Wind Cave NP Mitigate Cave Algae 12,500 

MWR SD Wind Cave NP Resource Management Assessment and Scoping Meeting 19,900 

MWR WI Apostle Islands NL Determine Population Status of Black Bears and Develop 

Monitoring Protocols 24,000 

MWR WI Saint Croix/Lower Saint Croix NSR Visitor and Recreational Use Monitoring—Yr 2 24,300 

NCR MD Antietam NB Wildlife Education Outreach 3,500 

NCR MD Antietam NB Resource Management Journa l2,300 

NCR MD Catoctin Mountain Park Supplement Water Quality Monitoring 4,000 

NCR MD Catoctin Mountain Park Add 1/2 Mile Zone to Complete Park Vegetation Mapping 6,500 

NCR MD Chesapeake and Ohio Canal NHP Complete Proposed Vegetation Mapping in Designated 

State and Federal Significant Natural Areas 6,500 

NCR MD Chesapeake and Ohio Canal NHP Evaluate Impacts of White-tailed Deer CHOH/ANTI (1 Yr of 3) 10,000 

NCR MD Monocacy NB White-tailed Deer Necropsy and Herd Heath Assessment 

(ANTI and MONO) 10,000 

NCR NCR National Capital Parks East Moth inventory of Piscataway and Fort Washington Parks 2,900 

NCR NCR National Capital Region Building a Vegetation Classification for the National 

Capital Region 25,000 

NCR NCR National Capital Region Fostering Natural Resource Stewardship (1 Yr of 3) 11,200 

NCR NCR National Capital Region West Nile Virus Testing 1,500 

NCR NCR National Capital Region Employee Development—Water Monitoring 1,300 

NCR NCR National Capital Region Employee Development—Penn State Scholarship 

(Management Program for Natural Resource Managers) 4,300 

NCR NCR National Capital Region Employee Development—coping Session Facilitator 2,500 

NCR NCR National Capital Region Employee Development—Contractor Officers Representative 9,400 

NCR NCR National Capital Region Employee Development—Cooperative Agreements 11,000 

NCR NCR National Capital Region Ortho-rectify Aerial Photos and Create Digital Mosaics 

for Lands Adjacent to ANTI 7,100 

NCR NCR National Capital Region Ortho-rectify Aerial Photos and Create Digital Mosaics 

for Lands Adjacent to CATO 3,200 

NCR NCR National Capital Region Processing Aerial Photography for Lands Adjacent to CHOH: 

Ortho-rectify and Digitize Mosaics 7,000 

NCR NCR National Capital Region Avoiding Adverse Impacts to GWMP Natural Resources: 

Developing Accurate Maps of Local Environs 6,300 

NCR NCR National Capital Region Managing Resources Proactively: Creating Vegetation Maps 

of HAFE Adjacent Lands 2,900 

NCR NCR National Capital Region Quantify Threats from Land Around MANA Using 

Vegetation Mapping 2,700 

NCR NCR National Capital Region Complete 1st Step to Mapping Vegetation on Adjacent 

Lands Adjacent to MONO 1,600 
80 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Appendices: Appendix E

NRPP—Regional Block Allocation Projects Funded in FY 2002

Region State Park Project Title Funding

NCR NCR National Capital Region Preserving and Managing NACE's Natural Resources: 

Starting the Vegetation Map to Adjacent Lands 7,000 

NCR NCR National Capital Region Facing Challenges from Land Pressures Surrounding PRWI: 

Vegetation Mapping 9,000 

NCR NCR National Capital Region Placing WOTR Natural Resources in a Regional Context: 

Vegetation Mapping Adjacent Lands 500 

NCR NCR Rock Creek Park Restoration of the Old Maintenance Storage Yard Near 

Fenwick Branch 2,900 

NCR NCR Rock Creek Park Miscanthus: An Ornamental and Invasive Plant 1,300 

NCR VA George Washington Mem Pkwy Classification of Ecological Communities in Potomac 

Gorge Section (1 Yr of 3) 10,000 

NCR VA Manassas NB PClassification and Mapping of Forested Natural 

Communities (2 Yr of 3) 4,200 

NCR VA Prince William Forest Park Locate and Monitor Vegetation Plots 8,400 

NCR VA Prince William Forest Park Produce Wayside Exhibit for Taylor Farm—Nonnative Species 4,000 

NCR WV Harpers Ferry NHP Assessing Aquatic Environmental Associations and 

Ecological Vulnerability (1 Yr of 2) 10,000 

NER MA Boston Support Office Wetlands Issues for Parks of the Northeast U.S. 48,000 

NER MA Cape Cod NS Control Purple Loosestrife 56,000 

NER MD Fort McHenry NMandHS Clean Up Tidal Wetlands at Park 10,000 

NER PA Gettysburg NMP Convert 20 Acres Agricultural Fields to Meadows to 

Improve Habitat for State-listed Bird Species 40,000 

NER PA Valley Forge NHP Evaluate Effectiveness of Single Pin Meadow Sampler 46,000

PWR CA Pinnacles NM Landslide Hazard Assessment 24,000 

PWR CA Santa Monica Mountains NRA Reptile/Amphibian Distribution, Status, Urban Impacts 28,400

PWR ID Craters of the Moon NM Dating of Pre-Holocene Lava Flows to Support Geologic 

Mapping 15,000 

PWR ID Nez Pierce NHP Vital Signs Workshop-South Parks in Northern Semi-Arid Network 15,000 

PWR ID Nez Pierce NHP Vital Signs Workshop-North Parks in Northern Semi-Arid Network 15,000 

PWR OR John Day NM Paleoecological Synthesis of the John Day Basin 15,000 

PWR OR Oregon Caves NM Assess Clearcut, Climate, and Cave Trail Effects on Soil Microfungi 6,000 

PWR OR Oregon Caves NM Control Trail Erosion and Disease 8,500 

PWR WA Lake Roosevelt NRA Character and Toxicity of Exposed Bank Sediments 15,000 

PWR WA Lake Roosevelt NRA Survey and Map Distribution of Antennaria parvifolia and 

SurveyOxytropis campestris var. columbiana 15,000 

PWR WA Mount Rainier NP Meadow Monitoring and Protection 15,000 

PWR WA North Cascades NP Complete the Pilot Mountain Goat Project 11,600 

PWR WA Olympic NP Develop Intertidal Species Identification Guides 16,500 

SER GA Chattahoochee River NRA Establish Long-Term Water Quality Monitoring Project for 

CHAT streams 35,000 

SER KY Cumberland Gap NHP Protect Cave Endangered Species and Geologic Formations 25,000

SER KY Mammoth Cave NP Eliminate Lamp Flora in MACA 25,000 

SER TN Big South Fork NRRA Plug Abandoned Well #5175 in the Williams Creek Area 38,000 

SER TN Great Smoky Mountains NP Control Nonnative Trees and Multiflora Rose in Little Cataloochee 27,000 

SER TN Great Smoky Mountains NP Replace Autotitrator (NP5000040501) and Autosampler 25,000 

SER TN Great Smoky Mountains NP Determine Impacts of Ramp Collection 25,000 

TOTAL $1,399,300
National Park Service 81

Appendices: Appendix F

Allocation of Water Quality Vital Signs Monitoring Funding, FY 2002

Network Region Number of WQ Allocation 

Affected Parks $(000)

Central Alaska Alaska 5 98

Heartland Midwest 15 82

NE Coastal and Barrier Northeast 8 90

National Capital National Capital 11 71

Cumberland/Piedmont Southeast 14 59

Appalachian Highlands Southeast 4 70

North. Colorado Plateau Intermountain 16 108

Greater Yellowstone Intermountain 3 71

Sonoran Desert Intermountain 11 64

North Coast and Cascades Pacific West 7 82

San Francisco Bay Pacific West 6 70

Mediterranean Coast Pacific West 3 76

Total: 2002 Network 

Monitoring 7 NPS Regions 103 941

Cooperative Agreement, 

Colorado State University: 

Data Management 230

Contract: Gold System 

(data migration) 34

Program Admin., 

Support, Technical 

Guidance 61

Travel (WRD) 9

GRAND TOTAL 1,275
82 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Appendices: Appendix G

Water Resource Protection Projects FY 2002

Park Region Project Title(s) Funding $(000)

ALL ALL Support to the Office of the Solicitor 160.4

MT Parks IMR Implementation of the Montana-NPS Compact 2.7

CAVE IMR Hydrologic Data Collection at Lake of the White Rose 3.0

LAME PWR Spring Flow Monitoring, Participation in Cooperative Aquifer Stress Test 408.1*

BLCA IMR Participation in the Adjudication of Colorado Water Division 434.0

BUFF MWR Investigation of Hydrology and Water Related Values1 46.0**

DEVA PWR Devil's Hole and Spring Flow Monitoring and Groundwater Study 223.0*

AZ Parks IMR Participation in the Adjudication of the Little Colorado River 

Basin in Arizona 22.9

GRBA PWR Assessment of Park Hydrogeology 40.0**

GRCA IMR Hydrologic Investigation, Spring Protection 271.0**

MEVE IMR Implementation of Water Rights Decree 5.5

OBRI SER Stream Flow Monitoring, Surface Hydrology Study 50.0**

UT Parks IMR Participation in the Adjudication of Various Areas in Utah 13.0

YELL IMR Implement Reese Creek Water Rights Agreement 25.4

ALL ALL Technical and Administrative Support to All Projects 112.2*

Total for Water Resource Protection Projects 1,400.0

* Projects that were enlarged because of the $ 823,000 increase in funding.

** Projects that were conducted because of the $ 823,000 increase in funding.

Water Resources Division Competitive Projects Continuing Projects, FY 2002

Park Region Project Title(s) Funding $(000)

FY02 FY03

GRTE IMR Baseline Water Quality Parameters/Land Use 

Characteristics of Five Snake Headwater Tributaries 24.90 24.90

ISRO MWR Develop Water Resource Management Plan 25.00 25.00

SACN MWR Historical Trends in Phosphorous Loading from 

Permitted Point Source Discharges 25.00 25.00

LAVO PWR Restoration of Drakesbad Meadow 25.00 25.00

REDW PWR Evaluate Watershed and Stream Channel 

Conditions Related to Disturbance History and 

Coho Habitat in Mill Creek 27.30 20.70

CATO NCR Evaluate Water Quality for all Park Streams 17.00 14.00

ACAD NER Assess Current and Historic Atmospheric Deposition 

of Toxic Contaminants 49.50 0.00

CACO NER Management of Dune Slack Wetlands 19.00 12.00

DEWA NER Develop Groundwater Monitoring 41.00 0.00

MOJA PWR Perform Baseline Hydrologic and Biologic Inventory 

of Wetlands 25.00 25.00

OLYM PWR Analyze Channel Dynamics on the Hoh and Quinault

Rivers to Protect Fish and Aquatic Resources 35.00 15.00

PORE PWR Hydrologic and Ecological Impacts of Commercial 

Oyster Farming on the Biota of Drakes Estero 25.00 25.00
National Park Service 83

Appendices: Appendix G

Water Resources Division Competitive Projects Completed in FY 2002

Project Title Funding$(000s) 

FY 02

Effect of Climate Change in Increasing Nutrient and Carbon Availability to Arctic Aquatic 

Ecosystems, Noatak National Preserve 25,000

Runoff Components of the Tlikakila Wild River, Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, Alaska 20,000

Complete National Wetland Inventory Mapping at Lake Clark National Park and Preserve: 

Phase III 50,000

Identify and Map Perennial Water Sources and Riparian Areas within the Rincon Mountain 

District of Saguaro National Park 18,600

Develop Comprehensive Restoration Plan for Agua Fria Creek, El Malpais National Monument 16,000

Spring and Wetland Restoration in Great Basin National Park 23,750

Identify Sources of Methyl Mercury in the St. Croix National Scenic Riverway 25,000

Delineate and Characterize Karst Groundwater Recharge Zone at Buffalo National River, Arkansas 25,000

An Assessment Program to Evaluate the Long-Term Effects on Wetland Changes for Large 

Lakes at Voyageurs National Park 25,000

Enhanced Wetlands Inventory, Delineation, and Mapping; Harpers Ferry National Historical Park 13,000

Potomac Gorge Wetland Inventory, Mapping, and Descriptions; George Washington Memorial Parkway 50,000

Evaluate the Impact of Vehicle Traffic on Water Quality at Acadia National Park 49,900

Wetlands Mapping, Boston Harbor Islands National Park Area 9,000

Monitor Water Quality of Willow Creek, Whiskeytown National Recreation Area 7,000

Large-Scale Groundwater Tracer Test, Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument (HAFO) 45,100

Quantify and Analyze Drawdown Effects from Idaho Power Operations to Shoreline Slope Stability 

Problems, Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument (HAFO 18,000

Develop Data Management Program for Crater Lake Long-Term Limnological Monitoring Program 27,900

Other Projects

Project Title: Evaluation of barriers to the upstream movement of nonnative brook char in Rocky 

Mountain National Park. 

Project Description: This project was completed as a cooperative academic program for fisheries. Because of the

limited professional fishery expertise within the National Park Service, this program uses a 

small amount of WRD base funding to further develop and increase cooperative relation

ships between the academic community and the NPS fisheries program. 

FY 2002 funds ($17,000) supported the project
84 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Appendices: Appendix H

USGS Biological Resources Discipline Park-Oriented Biological Support, 

Summary of Progress Made in Fiscal Year 2002

Title of Project FY 2002 Progress

Integrating beaver, water, and willow in the 

Savanna model at Rocky Mountain National Park

Ecological integrity of McDonald Watershed, 

Glacier National Park: Biotic indicators of water 

quality impairment at the reconstruction of 

Going-to-the-Sun Road

Identification of population structure, 

meta-population extent, and evolutionarily 

significant lineages of the spotted salamander and 

wood frog inhabiting vernal pools in three national 

parks: Implications for conservation strategies

A decision support system for the Saint Croix 

National Scenic River

Determine wind erosion rates to support protection 

of natural and cultural resources at Bandelier 

National Monument, New Mexico

Develop and populate an avifauna database at 

Mesa Verde National Park

Development of a model to evaluate impacts of 

fuels-reduction/prescribed fire in Pinyon-Juniper 

habitats on avian communities within Colorado 

Plateau national parks

Research in support of endangered Kemp's ridley 

sea turtles at Padre Island National Seashore

Produced a draft sub-model that integrates willow community response to cutting of willows by both elk and beaver

and the impact on beaver populations caused by the effect

different densities of elk have on the willow community.

Completed data collection regarding Going-to-the-Sun

Road reconstruction environmental issues - sediment

sources and routing; spatially explicit diversity, distribution

and abundance of biota. Initiated analyses to establish reference-conditions based on reference sites that characterize the biological condition of the watershed.

Expanded study to 6 parks and sampled a total of 81

ponds. Isolated 15 polymorphic loci for each species,

results show high genetic diversity and considerable differentiation among populations. Submitted two manuscripts

to Molecular Ecology Notes.

Entered data on unionid mussels, rare plants, and rare animals and created a combined data set that contains over

15,000 rows of data. Consulted with park staff about format and then created a system that permits easy data

entry while ensuring accuracy and consistency. Plan to

complete final decision support system by December 2002.

Consulted with park and Los Alamos National Lab regarding detailed methodologies and equipment. Ordered and

received equipment. Plan to install equipment in the field

in October 2002 and then initiate field monitoring.

Not scheduled to start in 2002. Will begin work in 2003.

Conducted extensive literature search on influence of fire

on avian communities in pinyon-juniper habitats.

Coordinated with 6 parks and 2 interagency coordination

groups. Compiled vegetation data themes from 8 parks.

Prepared proposal to seek additional funds to augment the

proposed work.

Documented 38 Kemp's ridley turtle nests along the Texas

coast. Nesting turtles included 2 associated with an experiment to establish a secondary nesting colony and 3 that

were other head-started turtles. Hatchling emergence was

about 67%. Collected blood and tissue samples for later

DNA analyses.
National Park Service 85

Appendices: Appendix H

USGS Biological Resources Discipline Park-Oriented Biological Support, 

Summary of Progress Made in Fiscal Year 2002

Title of Project FY 2002 Progress

Estimating black bear abundance in Great Smoky 

Mountains National Park using DNA extracted from 

hair samples

Testing and evaluation of remote sensing methods 

for estimating refuge characteristics of karst 

wetlands

Distribution, population dynamics, and herbivory 

impacts of a pioneering elk herd on Chaco Culture 

National Historic Park

Effects of suspended load on stream biota

The importance of Walnut Canyon National 

Monument as habitat for cougars (Puma concolor) 

in an urban interface environment

Bighorn sheep in Great Basin National Park: 

An assessment of population status, limiting factors, 

and potential enhancement alternatives

Gaining baseline data on state-listed lake sturgeon 

(Acipenser fulvescens) and their spawning habitat 

across the international boundary between 

Minnesota and Ontario

Focused on combining individual-based modeling of bear

movements with GIS simulations of hair-trap placement

strategies to develop an optimal field design to use for

sampling black bear DNA in the 2003 field season.

Analyzed scenarios of bear densities, trap density, trap

placement, and sampling duration to determine optimal

sampling regimes that minimize methodological biases and

maximize statistical power.

Conducted planning meetings and a site visit to establish

specific methodologies. Plan to complete all project work

by September 2003.

Developed detailed study plan and worked with park to

conduct necessary environmental review. Obtained

approval for use of helicopter survey method and completed first elk composition survey.

Initiated stream surveys and specimen collection from four

creeks. Differences among streams found in 2002 will

require conducting riparian and floodplain assessments in

2003. Will collect additional field samples and analyze all

samples in 2003.

Obtained partnership commitments from three partners

and consulted on detailed capture methods and human

dimension study design. Procured radio-collars and immobilization drugs and arranged for capture assistance from

partners. Assembled a necessary GIS for the study area.

Plan to capture and collar cougars in winter 2002-2003 and

to monitor cougar activities with radio-collars and tracking

through snow.

Coordinated with federal, state, and bighorn sheep advocacy groups; organized technical committee; assembled

electronic data; and ran first test of the habitat suitability

model. Prepared plans for winter 2002-2003 field work

and subsequent revision and review of the model.

Obtained necessary permits, initiated assessment netting

of fish, and tagged 67 fish with disk tags. Procured

acoustic/radio tags and receiving equipment and surgically

implanted acoustic/radio tags in 13 fish. Plan to monitor

tagged fish through two spawning seasons.
86 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Appendices: Appendix H

USGS Biological Resources Discipline Park-Oriented Biological Support, 

Summary of Progress Made in Fiscal Year 2002

Title of Project FY 2002 Progress

Technical assistance in determining size and composition

of nonnative and native ungulate populations at 

Point Reyes National Seashore

Vegetation classification and mapping tools for 

national parks: demonstration products for 

Voyageurs National Park

Baseline monitoring of floodplain vegetation and 

geomorphology before dam removal, Elwha River, 

Olympic National Park

Protecting ecological resources at Acadia National 

Park through landscape scale conservation and 

easement planning

Water developments in Theodore Roosevelt National 

Park, North Dakota; Implications for ungulates and

herbivores[LaDF1]

Impact of stocking non-indigenous salmonids on a 

federally-endangered mussel within the Delaware 

Water Gap National Recreation Area

Evaluating the impacts of white tailed deer 

(Odocoileus virginicus) on vegetation within Pea 

Ridge National Military Park

Development of parasite risk assessment and control 

strategies for captive breeding of island fox 

(Urocyon littoralis) at Channel Islands NP

Habitat requirements of the endangered California 

freshwater shrimp (Syncaris pacifica) in streams on 

the Point Reyes National Seashore and Golden Gate 

National Recreation Area

Assessing the risk of aerially borne pesticides to 

declining amphibian species in the national parks

of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, California 

Project initiated. Capture and radio-collaring of ungulates

scheduled for December 2002 and censusing scheduled for

January and February 2003.

Developed cooperative agreement with NatureServe and

initiated planning for implementation.

Initiated interagency coordination, conducted site visits,

and identified possible vegetation sampling stations. Plan

to sample vegetation in FY 2003.

Initiated inventory of land-use and related data and

obtained selected spatial data layers for Mt. Desert Island.

Not scheduled to start in 2002. Will begin work in Spring

2003.

Developed a baseline inventory by conducting a continuous snorkel survey of approximately 50 miles of the mainstem Delaware River. Found eight mussel species.

Established 53 deer browse survey plots and collected baseline data. Plan to construct deer exclosures on 20 plots

during fall and winter 2002-2003 and collect vegetation

data from all plots during 2003.

Held fox parasite workshop to assess parasite risks for captive fox populations, develop a parasite monitoring plan

for each captive facility, determine parasite control methods, and identify action threshold levels. Ordered equipment and initiated development of standard procedures. 

Coordinated with park and municipal water district personnel regarding study objectives, design, and sampling

methods. Practiced capture methods in the field and

determined logistical needs. Requested necessary

Endangered Species Act Section 7 consultation. Developed

schedule for field work to start probably in January 2003.

Not scheduled to start in 2002. Will begin work in 2003.
National Park Service 87

Appendices: Appendix H

USGS Biological Resources Discipline Park-Oriented Biological Support, 

Summary of Progress Made in Fiscal Year 2002

Title of Project FY 2002 Progress

Evaluation of canid scents as a management tool to 

reduce mammal predation on piping plover nests in 

coastal barrier parks

At NPS request, added a fifth site to the project and

established sampling stations at all sites. Plan to

conduct field work between November 2002 and

April 2003.
88 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Appendices: Appendix I

Projects and Activities Supported with Natural Resource Challenge Funding 

Allocated for Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units (CESUs)

(Each CESU receives a total of $155,00, which also covers salary/benefits and administrative costs for some CESU

positions—see explanation in chapter: Action Plan Focus, Accomplishments, and Financial Summaries)

INTERMOUNTAIN REGION

Colorado Plateau CESU

Park Project Title Cost ($) R, TA, E Total($)

GRCA Mountain Lions and Human Interactions1 5,000 R

NAVA Cultural Uses and Traditional Management of Plants in Shonto Region 13,700 R

GRCA Regional Economic Impacts of Grand Canyon River Runners 14,000 R

PEFO Revised Geologic Assessment of the Sonsela Sandstone Member 13,700 R

GLCA, LAME Efficacy of Tamarisk Control in the Southwest 15,000 R

COLM Inventory of Nonnative Plants and Development of Long-Term 

Strategies 15,000 TA

COLM, MEVE, Inventory of Past Pinyon-Juniper Management Treatments on NPS

ZION Lands on the Colorado Plateau 10,000 TA

TICA Controlling Invasive Plants 9,700 TA

CARE, GRCA, Haskell Indian Nations College Fieldwork 10,000 E

MEVE, WUPA Ft. Lewis College Internship

MEVE 3,000 E

119,100

Desert Southwest CESU

Park Project Title Cost ($) R, TA, E Total($)

BIBE Mapping and Baseline Studies of Invasive Buffelgrass 7,000 R

CHIR Population Status of Chiricahua Fox Squirrel 10,000 R

MOCA Assessing Bat Use of Cliff Dwellings and Caves 9,500 R

ORPI Determine Foraging and Roosting Areas for Mastiff Bats 4,600 R

PAIS Grassland Bird Wintering Ecology on the Gulf Coast 10,000 R

SAGUA Collaborative Effort to Monitor Groundwater Levels 9,700 R

SAGU Conservation Genetics of Tiger Rattlesnakes 11,500 R

TONT Assessing Bat Use of Cliff Dwellings and Cave 10,000 R

[Univ. of Arizona] Desert Southwest Assistant Research Scientist Position 20,300 R

BIBE Nine Point Draw Watershed Restoration Soil Analysis 1,000 TA

PAIS Editing and Printing of Shoreline Trash Study 5,300 TA

SAGU Identify and Map Water Sources and Riparian Areas 9,700 TA

MULTI Production of Desert Southwest CESU Brochure 2,300 TA

[Univ. of Arizona] Historic Smith House 8,600 TA

MULTI Mission Parks Initiative 6,800 TA

GICL Initiate a Biological Inventory and Interpretive Program 10,000 E

MULTI Field Guide to Invasive Plants of Sonoran Desert 2,000 E

MULTI Park Flight Program Grantees Workshop 5,800 E

144,100
National Park Service 89

Appendices: Appendix I

Projects and Activities Supported with Natural Resource Challenge Funding 

Allocated for Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units (CESUs)

Rocky Mountains CESU

Park Project Title Cost ($) R, TA, E Total($)

BLCA Determine Bighorn Sheep Lamb Productivity 10,000 R

GLAC Survey Canada Lynx Populations in Glacier National Park 10,000 R

GLAC Biology of the Rocky Mountain Capshell in Lost Lake 10,000 R

YELL Wolverine Research in Yellowstone 10,000 R

YELL Snowshoe Hare Distribution and Abundance 5,750 R

YELL Populations of Tubificid Worms, related to Whirling Disease 10,000 R

ROMO Nitrogen and Pesticides in Deposition 10,000 R

GRSA Faults and Seismic Hazard Mapping 9,450 R

GRTE High-Elevation Lake Sensitivity to Deposition 10,000 R

LIBI Historical Vegetation Assessment 3,100 R

MULTI Weed Mapping in IMR Parks 10,150 R

BEOL Hydrology and Flooding in Bent's Old Fort 4,990 TA

BICA Integrated Weed Management Plan for North District 7,010 TA

BLCA Sage Grouse Intern 2,400 TA

FLFO Natural Resource Management Interns 2,550 TA

GRKO Weed Control in Irrigated Pastures 5,000 TA

GRTE Weed Control along the Gros Ventre 4,000 TA

FLFO Training a Ranger to Survey Scarred Trees 460 E

GRTE Support for Noxious Weed Environmental Educators 2,500 E

GLAC Instruction in Identification of Mycorrhizal Fungi 2,500 E

GLAC Wildlife Intern from Salish Kootenai College 6,020 E

GLACS tudent Presentation at ESA on Restoration Ecology 500 E

BEOL Training Staff in Arc View and Arc Explorer 2,500 E

GRKO Natural Resource Course in Range Management 2,870 E

GRKO Curriculum Development and Teacher Training 2,500 E

MULTI Video on Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout 2,000 E

146,250

MIDWEST REGION

Great Plains CESU

Park Project Title Cost ($) R, TA, E Total($)

TAGR Monitoring Project at Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve 24,000 T

MULTI Developing a Research and Technical Assistance Needs Catalog 

for National Parks in theGreat Plains 5,000 E

29,000
90 Funding the Natural Resource Challenge Fiscal Year 2002

Appendices: Appendix I

Projects and Activities Supported with Natural Resource Challenge Funding 

Allocated for Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units (CESUs)

NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

Chesapeake Watershed CESU

Park Project Title Cost ($) R, TA, E Total($)

GWMP Research Supporting and Evaluating the Restoration 

of Dyke Marsh 55,578 R

ALL Protecting Resources in the National Capital Region by 

Detecting Air Quality Effects 99,422 R

155,000

North Atlantic Coast CESU

Park Project Title Cost ($) R, TA, E Total($)

ASIS Analysis of Benthic Invertebrate Occurrence, Community Structure, 

and Correlation with Grass Beds[LaDF3] at Assateague Island 

National Seashore 9,750 R

CACO Radiometric Dating of a Sediment Core from Town Cove, Cape Cod 

National Seashore 2,070 R

[not listed] Creation of GIS-Based Automated Shoreline Analysis Toolbox 22,479 R

BOHA Analysis of Shoreline Processes, Boston Harbor Islands National 

Recreation Area 14,409 R

Coastal Parks Marine Protected Areas and Northeast Coastal Parks: Analysis of 

Issues and a Workshop 25,738 TA

Coastal Parks Technical Assistance in website Development And Enhancement 

for Coastal Parks 29,011 TA

Northeast Parks Coastal Process Technical Assistance for Northeast Parks 5,000 TA

GATE Assess Landfill Issues at Gateway National Recreation Area 2,500 TA

110,957

PACIFIC WEST REGION

Great Basin CESU

Park Project Title Cost ($) R, TA, E Total($)

JOTR Long-term Effects of Drought and Rodent Predation 

On Joshua Trees 5,800 R

MOJA Desert Bighorn Sheep Habitat Assessment of Old Dad Mountain 20,100 R

GRBA Evaluation of Existing and Future Air Quality Monitoring at Great 

Basin National Park 28,600 TA

PGSO Support for the Great Basin CESU 3,500 TA

58,000
National Park Service 91

Appendices: Appendix I

Projects and Activities Supported with Natural Resource Challenge Funding 

Allocated for Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units (CESUs) Pacific Northwest CESU

Park Project Title Cost ($) R, TA, E Total($)

MULTI Native Americans and the Pacific Northwest Environment: 

An Interdisciplinary Study of Indigenous Agriculture and 

Environmental Management 30,000 R

CURE Determine Lamb Productivity and Survival in a Reintroduced 

Bighorn Sheep Herd 500 R

MORA Review and Evaluation of Travel Simulation Models for Planning 

and Management of Mount Rainier National Park 15,000 R

MULTI Review and Recommendations of Methods Suitable for 

Development of Synthetic Hydrographs for Un-Gauged Basins 

with National Parks of the North Coast and Cascades 7,400 R

OLYM Landscape Analysis of Black Bear Distribution Patterns in 

Olympic National Park 1,000 R

MULTI Society and National Parks in the 21st Century: A Dialogue 8,700 E

CCSO Parks as Outdoor Labs: The Debut Newsletter of the North Coast 

and Cascade Learning Network 2,000 E

CCSO PNW Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit Program Support 

(supports creation of a CESU electronic newsletter, maintenance 

of NPS website, charges for peer review, small technical assistance 

efforts, limited literature reviews and administrative assistance at 

the University of Washington) 20,600 TA

$84,300

SOUTHEAST REGION

South Florida/Caribbean CESU

Park Project Title Cost ($) R, TA, E Total($)

GUIS Santa Rosa Beach Mouse Use of a Hurricane Fragmented Landscape 27,731 R

27,731

Southern Appalachian Mountains CESU

Park Project Title Cost ($) R, TA, E Total($)

CHCH Battlefield Bat Survey 4,900 R

MACA Restoring Butternet (Juglans cinerea) 15,0001 R

ANJO Oral History Interviews 3,910 T

TIMU Gopher Tortoise Management Plan 14,862 T

COSW Map of Carolina Bogmint 17,439 T

SERO Southern Appalachian Mountains CESU Workshop 478 E

56,589

1 $15,000 of total project cost of $42,819 from CESU NRC Funds
National Park Service

U.S. Department of the Interior

Natural Resource

Stewardship and Science

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