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Providing Safe Drinking 

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National Summary of Public Water Systems Compliance in 2000 

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 

PWS Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 

Findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 

Data Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 

Enforcement and Compliance Assistance Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 

Information on and Evaluation of State Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 

State-by-State Summaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 

Conclusions and Activities to Address Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 

National Summary of Compliance for Public Water Systems in Indian Country in 2000 

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 

Public Water Systems in Indian Country . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 

Public Water Systems in Alaska and Oklahoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 

Data Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 

Findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 

Compliance Assistance and Enforcement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 

Financial Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 

Conclusions and Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 

Appendix A 

Glossary of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A–1 

Appendix B 

Summaries of State Annual Compliance Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B–1 

Appendix C 

Map of Indian Lands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C–1 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Table of Contents Page i • July 2002 
List of Tables 

Table 1: Number of Public Water Systems on Tribal Lands with Violations by Rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 

Table A–1: Significant Monitoring Violations for Annual State Public Water System Reports . . . . . . . .A–4 

Table A–2: Summary of Drinking Water Regulations for Public Water Systems During 2000 . . . . . . . .A–5 

Table B–1: Summary of Elements Reported by States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B–4 

July 2002 • Page ii 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Table of Contents 
National Summary of 

Public Water Systems Compliance in 2000 

INTRODUCTION 

The National Public Water Systems Compliance 

Report for 2000 describes how the 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and its 

state partners are meeting the goal of ensuring 

that Americans receive safe drinking water from 

public water systems. The report also discusses 

the data we use to measure our success and the 

progress we are making in our efforts to increase 

its reliability and completeness. 

EPA prepares a National Public Water Systems 

Compliance Report for every calendar year. The 

report is an annual summary of violations at the 

nation’s public water systems. The report also 

summarizes and evaluates annual reports 

prepared by the states.1 

Public Water Systems 

A Public Water System (PWS) is a system for the 

provision to the public of water for human 

consumption through pipes or other constructed 

conveyances, if such system has at least fifteen 

service connections or regularly serves at least 25 

individuals at least 60 days out of the year. A public 

water system can be one of three types: 

• Community Systems (CWS) serve at least 15 

service connections or 25 people year-round in 

their primary residences. 

• Non-transient Non-community Systems 

(NTNCWS) serve at least 25 of the same 

persons over six months per year (e.g., schools 

or factories that have their own water source). 

• Transient Non-community Systems (TNCWS) 

serve at least 25 persons (but not the same 25) 

over six months per year (e.g., campgrounds or 

highway rest stops that have their own water 

source). 

The first part of this report draws information 

from the Safe Drinking Water Information 

System/Federal Version (SDWIS/FED), EPA’s 

national database, to provide a national picture 

of the maximum contaminant level, treatment 

technique, significant monitoring and reporting, 

significant consumer notification and variance or 

exemption violations the states reported to EPA 

for 2000. EPA aggregates all of these reported 

violations at all public water systems in states, 

commonwealths, territories and throughout 

Indian country to present a national summary of 

all violations, all monitoring and reporting 

violations, and all violations of health-based 

standards at the different kinds of public water 

systems. 

The second part of this report presents 

information on public water systems throughout 

Indian country. 

A glossary of terms used in this report appears 

in Appendix A. 

Summaries and evaluations of the states’ annual 

public water systems reports for 2000 are 

presented in Appendix B. 

PWS COMPLIANCE 

This report uses information from SDWIS/FED, 

the national database where EPA records 

information the states are required to report 

about their public water systems. For the 

national public water system compliance reports, 

EPA examines SDWIS/FED records of violations 

of primary drinking water regulations that 

specify: 1) the maximum permissible level of a 

contaminant in water that is delivered to any 

user of a public water system (Maximum 

Contaminant Level or MCL); 2) techniques for 

treating water to make it safe; and 3) monitoring 

1 The term “state” includes 56 states, commonwealths, and territories. All but Wyoming and the District of Columbia have 

federal approval to implement the drinking water program within their jurisdictions. Federal approval to implement the 

drinking water program is called primary enforcement authority, or “primacy.” During calendar year 2000, EPA implemented 

the drinking water program in Wyoming, the District of Columbia, and throughout Indian country and was responsible for 

reporting the violations in these jurisdictions to SDWIS/FED. The Navajo Nation was approved for primacy and treatment as a 

state in late 2000, and was not asked to prepare a report. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — National Summary Page 1 • July 2002 
Information Sent to Customers: 

Consumer Confidence Report — Every community 

water system is required to produce a yearly report 

identifying the contaminants detected in its water and 

the risks of exposure to those contaminants. Large 

systems are required to mail their customers the report. 

While medium systems and small systems are required 

to produce the report, these systems may obtain a 

waiver from the mailing requirement. Very small 

systems are only required to print the report in the local 

newspaper. 

Public Notification Rule — Public water systems must 

notify their customers if there has been a violation of 

drinking water standards. 

Information on the Internet: 

Safewater Web Site (http://www.epa.gov/safewater) — 

provides information on the Safe Drinking Water Act, 

individual water systems, contaminants that may be in 

drinking water, and what individuals can do to help 

protect sources of their drinking water. 

Additional Information: 

Call the community water system — Billing statements 

should provide a number to call with questions. 

State Public Water Systems Compliance Report — 

Each state’s annual report discusses the violations at its 

public water systems. Most state reports include a list 

of violating facilities. 

National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 

(this report) — summarizes all reported violations at 

America’s public water systems. 

Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791) — 

answers questions about drinking water, lets callers 

order documents from EPA, and can refer callers to EPA 

experts if they need more information. 

Envirofacts Web Site (http://www.epa.gov/enviro) — 

allows the public to access EPA databases containing 

information on environmental activities that may affect 

air, water, and land anywhere in the United States. 

How Does The Public Find Out If Its Drinking Water Is Safe? 

and reporting requirements (how and when water 

must be tested and the results reported).2 This 

report introduces a fourth category of violations: 

significant consumer notification violations. A 

violation in this category indicates that a 

community water system completely failed to 

provide to its users a required report. In 

calendar year 2000, this category depicts 

significant violations of the new Consumer 

Confidence Report Rule, which required 

community water systems to produce their first 

report in late 1999 and another report in mid2000. The information provided in the Consumer 

Confidence Report will supplement public 

notification that water systems must provide to 

their customers upon discovering any violation of 

a contaminant standard. It should not be the 

primary notification of potential health risk 

posed by drinking water, but will provide 

customers with a snapshot of their drinking 

water supply. Public Notification helps to ensure 

that consumers will always know with immediate 

notification if there is a problem with their 

drinking water. These requirements have always 

been a part of the Safe Drinking Water Act. 

As EPA reported in its Data Reliability Analysis 

of the EPA Safe Drinking Water Information 

System/Federal Version (SDWIS/FED) (EPA 816-

R-00-020, October 2000), the data in SDWIS/FED 

are generally accurate. This is particularly true of 

data related to the number of public water 

systems, their size, and their type. However, 

EPA’s analysis revealed that many states did not 

report some apparent violations — either to their 

own data systems or to EPA’s SDWIS/FED. 

Although states have corrected the data 

omissions EPA’s analysis discovered, EPA and the 

states are engaged in further data quality efforts 

to ensure that all violations are identified and 

reported to SDWIS/FED. Because these ongoing 

efforts will result in significant corrections and 

additions to the data in SDWIS/FED, this 2000 

report offers broad national findings rather than 

detailed analysis. 

Discussions of data quality concerns and EPA’s 

recommendations appear later in this report. 

2	 This report tabulates only “significant” monitoring and reporting violations. Table A-1 presents the definitions of significant for 

the different drinking water regulations. 

July 2002 • Page 2 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — National Summary 
FINDINGS 

In 2000, 165,240 public water systems 

together served 273 million users. The actual 

number of individuals served was smaller, 

because millions of Americans drank water 

from, and were counted as users by more than 

one public water system during the course of 

the year. 

Percentage of Systems by Type 

55% 

12% 

33% 

Transient Non-Community 

Community 

Non-Transient Non-Community 

•	 53,694 community water systems served 

almost 253 million people in their primary 

residences. 

•	 20,221 non-transient non-community 

systems (schools, factories) served almost 7 

million people in places they frequented. 

•	 91,325 transient non-community systems 

(campgrounds, highway rest stops) served a 

constantly changing user base of almost 13 

million people. 

Most public water systems were small, but 

large systems served a majority of the people 

who drank water from a public water system. 

•	 94% of America’s public water systems 

(including nearly all of the transient noncommunity systems), served 3,300 or fewer 

users. Together, these 156,120 small systems 

provided service to 15% of all users. 

Size vs. Users Served 3 

100% 

2% 

15% 

75% 

94% 

80% 

60% 

40% 

20% 

0% 

Small Systems Large Systems 

Percentage of Systems 

Percentage of Users Served 

•	 2% of America’s public water systems served 

more than 10,000 users. Together, these 

3,812 large systems provided service to 75% 

of all users. 

SDWIS/FED recorded no significant violations 

for most of America’s public water systems. 

•	 75% of the public water systems in America 

collected and tested the required samples 

and filed the required reports (including 

consumer confidence reports) without 

reporting a violation. 

PWS with Violations 

25% 

75% 

No Violation

Violation of Some Kind

3	 Because only 3% of public water systems are “medium” in size, i.e., serve between 3,301 and 10,000 users, and because only 

9% of the population is served by them, this report omits discussion of “medium” systems. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — National Summary Page 3 • July 2002 
The states reported either a health-based 

violation or a significant monitoring and 

reporting violation at approximately 42,000 

public water systems in 2000. 

•	 About 22,500 (54%) of these systems were 

non-community water systems, all but 65 of 

which served fewer than 3,300 users. 

Together, these violating small noncommunity water systems served drinking 

water to 3 million users. 

•	 91% of the approximately 19,000 community 

water systems with a violation served fewer 

than 3,300 users. Together, these violating 

small community water systems served 

drinking water to almost 7 million users. 

Most Americans received drinking water from 

public water systems that recorded no 

significant violations in 2000. 

Percentage of Users Served by PWS 

without Reported Significant Violation 

24% 

76% 

Users Served by System without Violation 

Users Served by System with Violation 

•	 76% of the population served by public water 

systems received drinking water from a 

system that reported no violations of a 

health-based standard, was not cited for a 

significant violation of a monitoring and 

reporting requirement, and issued a 

consumer confidence report, if required. 

•	 76% of the population served by community 

water systems received drinking water from 

a system that reported no violations of a 

health-based standard, was not cited for a 

significant violation of a monitoring and 

reporting requirement, and issued a 

consumer confidence report as required. 

The vast majority of the 97,321 violations the 

states reported to SDWIS/FED in 2000 were 

for a public water system’s significant failure 

to monitor and report, rather than healthbased MCL or treatment technique violations 

detected and reported by a system. 

Type of Violation 

14% 

77% 

9% 

Monitoring and Reporting

Health-Based

CCR

•	 If a system did not monitor the quality of its 

water, it is impossible to know if it has 

violated a health-based requirement. For this 

reason, a system’s significant failure to 

monitor and report is a major violation that 

must be addressed and corrected. 

•	 44% of the 75,206 significant monitoring and 

reporting violations reported by the states 

were violations of the monitoring and 

reporting requirements of the Total Coliform 

Rule, a rule that applies to all types and sizes 

of public water systems. 

July 2002 • Page 4 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — National Summary 
Health-Based Violations and Illness

It is important to note that a public water system's 

violation of a health-based standard does not mean 

that the people who drank the system's water got 

sick. A health-based violation means either that the 

system has exposed its users to what EPA has judged 

as an unreasonable risk of illness, or that the system 

has failed to treat its water to the extent EPA has 

judged necessary to protect its users from an 

unreasonable risk of illness in the event that the 

regulated contaminant is present in source water. 

Many variables affect the likelihood of illness resulting 

from health-based violations, among them the 

duration of the violation, whether or not the violation 

occurred in an isolated section of a complex public 

water system, and the extent to which contamination 

exceeds the allowable level. While modern treatment 

systems have substantially reduced the incidence of 

waterborne disease, drinking water contamination 

remains a significant health risk management 

challenge. Studies by the Centers for Disease Control 

(CDC) indicate that between 1980 and 1998 there 

were 419 outbreaks of illness linked to contamination 

in drinking water resulting in an estimated 511,000 

cases of disease (Craun and Calderon, 1996; Levy et 

al., 1998; Barwick et al., 2000). The majority of 

outbreaks in the U.S. occurred at surface water 

systems. Nearly 80% of all reported cases of illness 

were associated with the 1993 Cryptosporidium

outbreak in Milwaukee, WI, which resulted in an 

estimated 403,000 cases (MacKenzie et al. 1994; 

McDonald et al. 2001). 

The number of waterborne disease outbreaks 

identified and reported in the CDC database is 

believed, however, to understate the actual incidence 

of outbreaks and cases of illness (Craun and 

Calderon, 1996; National Research Council, 1997). 

Recognized and reported waterborne disease 

outbreaks are usually the result of exposure to 

waterborne pathogens that cause acute 

gastrointestinal illness with diarrhea, abdominal 

discomfort, nausea, and vomiting. Because such 

illnesses are generally of short duration in healthy 

people, many individuals experiencing these 

symptoms do not seek medical attention. Where 

medical attention is sought, the pathogenic agent may 

not be identified through routine testing. 

Consequently, outbreaks are often not recognized in a 

community or, if recognized, are not traced to a 

drinking water source. Moreover, an unknown but 

probably significant portion of waterborne disease is 

endemic (i.e., isolated cases not associated with an 

outbreak) and, thus, is even more difficult to 

recognize. 

EPA's health-based standards are intended to provide 

an adequate margin of safety not just for healthy 

people, but also for populations that are at greater 

risk from waterborne disease. These sensitive 

subpopulations include children (especially the very 

young), the elderly, the malnourished, pregnant 

women, the disease impaired (e.g., diabetes, cystic 

fibrosis), and a broad category of those with 

compromised immune systems, such as AIDS 

patients, those with autoimmune disorders (e.g., 

rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, multiple 

sclerosis), transplant recipients, and those on 

chemotherapy (Rose, 1997). Immunocompromised 

persons are more likely than healthy individuals to 

contract waterborme disease, the severity and 

duration of their illness is often greater, and they are 

at a greater risk of death. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — National Summary Page 5 • July 2002 
94% of America’s public water systems 

reported no violations of a health-based 

drinking water standard in 2000. 

PWS with No Health-Based Violations 

94% 

6% 

Systems with Reported Health-Based Violations 

Systems with No Reported Health-Based Violations 

The Maximum Contaminant Level for the Total 

Coliform Rule (TCR) is the health-based 

standard most frequently violated. 

Percentage of Health-Based 

Violations by Rule 

100% 

90% 

80% 

70% 

60% 

50% 

40% 

30% 

20% 

10% 

0% 

Chem TCR LCR SWTR 

8% 

70% 

6% 

15% 

Percentage of Health-Based Violations 

•	 SDWIS/FED recorded 13,645 violations of 

health-based standards in 2000. 70% of these 

violations were violations of the MCL for the 

Total Coliform Rule (TCR), which must be 

met by all types and sizes of public water 

systems.4 

84% of community water systems complied 

with the new Consumer Confidence Report 

Rule. 

•	 The Consumer Confidence Report Rule 

requires all community water systems to 

provide an annual report to customers 

identifying the contaminants detected in their 

water and the health risks associated with 

those contaminants. 

•	 In calendar year 2000, 8,470 community 

water systems were found to have a 

“significant” violation of the Consumer 

Confidence Report Rule, meaning that the 

community water system completely failed to 

provide the required report. 

No violations of variances or exemptions were 

reported to SDWIS/FED during 2000. 

•	 Under Federal law, states can grant variances 

or exemptions to public water systems in 

limited circumstances allowing them to install 

alternative technology or giving them more 

time to meet a standard if public health is 

adequately protected in the interim. The 

states did not report any violations of 

variances and exemptions for the few public 

water systems that were operating under a 

variance or exemption in 2000. 

EPA and its state partners continue to take 

enforcement actions against violators.5 

During 2000, the 54 states (a term that included 

states, commonwealths, and territories) with 

federal approval to implement the drinking water 

4 For the annual compliance reports, EPA tracks violations of the contaminant rules in four categories: 1) chemical 

contaminants (Chem) — violations of rules for organic, inorganic (except for lead and copper), and radioactive contaminants 

— compliance with many organic and inorganic standards is determined on the basis of shared samples, with one missed 

sample resulting in a monitoring and reporting violation of many standards; 2) total coliform (TCR); 3) lead and copper 

(LCR); and 4) surface water treatment (SWTR). Coliform bacteria are usually not a threat to humans, but their presence in 

drinking water can indicate a lapse in treatment and the possible presence of other, more dangerous, microbes. 

5 There are several reasons why there will be a difference between the number of violations in a year and the number of formal 

enforcement responses. For example, a state may choose to address a system's violations informally in a manner that returns 

the system to compliance before the time interval has elapsed that by EPA guidance would necessitate initiation of a formal 

enforcement response. Also, it is not uncommon for the regulator to address all of a violating system's multiple violations in 

a single enforcement response. In addition, formal enforcement responses addressing violations discovered late in one 

reporting year are generally not initiated until early in the following year. 

July 2002 • Page 6 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — National Summary 
program were also responsible for initiating 

enforcement actions in response to drinking 

water violations at public water systems in their 

jurisdictions. EPA implemented the drinking 

water program in Wyoming, the District of 

Columbia, and in Indian country, except for the 

Navajo Nation beginning in late 2000. The Agency 

initiated enforcement responses in these areas 

and, occasionally, in the states — sometimes at a 

state’s invitation. Together, EPA and the states 

initiated over 3,000 formal enforcement actions, 

each action potentially addressing multiple 

violations. 

•	 In 2000, the states issued a total of 1,266 

formal enforcement actions, including 557 

administrative orders without penalty, 665 

administrative orders with penalty, and 44 

civil referrals to the states’ Attorneys General. 

•	 During the same period, EPA issued a total of 

1,924 formal enforcement actions, including 

1,921 Federal administrative orders, one civil 

case filed, one consent order with penalties, 

and one referral for civil judicial action. 

These totals do not take into account the 

informal enforcement actions or the public water 

systems that returned to compliance before EPA 

and state procedures would require initiation of a 

formal response. 

Perhaps the most meaningful way to measure the 

effectiveness of the EPA and state enforcement 

partnership is to compare the number of new 

significant noncompliers in 2000 to the number 

of significant noncompliers that remained 

unaddressed at the end of the year. EPA 

designates a public water system a significant 

noncomplier if the system has serious, frequent 

or persistent violations that may pose a threat to 

public health. States and EPA give significant 

noncompliers priority attention in their efforts to 

return violators to compliance and address 

violations with enforcement actions. 

•	 In calendar year 2000, EPA designated 15,434 

public water systems significant noncompliers. 

Most (95%) of these significant noncompliers 

served fewer than 3,300 users. 

•	 Between January 1 and December 31, 2000, 

states and EPA addressed 6,447 significant 

noncompliers; 6,063 (94%) of the significant 

noncompliers that were new to 2000 and 

384 from prior years.6 Only 157 of the new 

significant noncompliers that remained 

unaddressed at the end of 2000 served 

10,000 or more users. 

•	 At the end of 2000, there were 7,459 new and 

308 old significant violators that had not 

been addressed. Fewer than 4% of these 

unaddressed significant noncompliers served 

3,300 or more users. 

DATA QUALITY 

The data used in this report came from EPA’s 

national SDWIS/FED database. SDWIS/FED is 

composed of data that states are required to 

submit to SDWIS/FED each quarter. EPA uses 

information in SDWIS/FED to assess progress in 

the implementation of regulations, to develop 

national enforcement and compliance priorities, 

and to provide information to the public. 

EPA periodically conducts data verifications 

(independent, on-site audits) of state drinking 

water programs to ensure that the state is 

determining compliance in accordance with 

Federal regulations. Data verifications help detect 

differences between data in a state’s files 

(whether electronic or hard copy), and data in 

SDWIS/FED. 

As part of the ongoing data reliability efforts 

described in past National Public Water Systems 

Compliance Reports, EPA examined the results of 

data verifications conducted from 1996 through 

1998. Those audits, which covered 27 states 

(including one where EPA itself administers the 

drinking water program) and one territory, 

analyzed data from almost 1,800 public water 

systems. The data audits reviewed inventory 

information (identifying systems, their number, 

their size, and their type), apparent violations 

that either were reported or should have been 

reported, and any enforcement actions initiated. 

EPA’s review showed that information the states 

reported to SDWIS/FED is generally very 

accurate. Most of the SDWIS/FED data problems 

6 Public water systems designated significant noncompliers late in the year are typically addressed early in the next year. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — National Summary Page 7 • July 2002 
EPA identified were instances where required 

data did not appear in SDWIS/FED. EPA found 

that a small percentage of this incompleteness is 

because SDWIS/FED will accept only properly 

transferred data. Most of the incompleteness 

resulted from states not reporting all of the 

apparent violations at their public water systems. 

EPA’s analysis of the data verifications found: 

•	 96% of all inventory data in SDWIS/FED was 

accurate and complete. 

•	 The overall quality of SDWIS/FED violations 

data is moderately high (estimated at 68%) 

for the Total Coliform Rule standard, but is 

very low for other health-based standards 

and for monitoring and reporting. 

•	 Most of the discrepancies between apparent 

and reported violations are because of 

unrecorded and unreported violations. This 

accounts for 56% of all discrepancies related 

to maximum contaminant level violations, 

83% of discrepancies related to Surface Water 

Treatment Rule treatment technique 

violations, and 94% of all discrepancies 

related to monitoring and reporting 

violations. 

•	 Only 10% of apparent monitoring and 

reporting violations had been reported to 

SDWIS/FED. 

•	 55% of the apparent MCL violations had been 

reported to SDWIS/FED. 

•	 SDWIS/FED contained accurate and complete 

information on 72% of the enforcement 

actions found in the states’ records. 

EPA’s review found that most of the discrepancies 

seem to have resulted from a state’s differing 

interpretation of what a regulation required. EPA 

found no information suggesting that unreported 

violations resulted in negative health effects. The 

states have submitted corrected information to 

SDWIS/FED, and EPA and the states have worked 

to address the violations discovered by this 

analysis. 

EPA continues to work with all of its state 

partners to identify and resolve any problems 

that may have produced data discrepancies in the 

past, and to ensure that complete and accurate 

documentation is available to help assess the 

safety of our nation’s drinking water. 

In 2000, EPA continued to implement actions 

under the draft 1998 National Infrastructure 

Assurance Plan: Water Supply Section for the 

purpose of improving the security of the critical 

drinking water infrastructure. The Agency also 

had in place a policy restricting the availability of 

location data on PWS intakes and wells as a 

counter-terrorism measure, and had begun a 

public/private partnership with water utilities to 

improve the security of our drinking water. 

ENFORCEMENT AND COMPLIANCE 

ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS 

States and EPA engage in a variety of activities to 

help public water systems remain in and return 

to compliance, including formal enforcement 

actions, informal actions, and compliance and 

technical assistance. State and EPA compliance 

assistance efforts may include: 

•	 conducting on-site visits and sanitary surveys 

at public water systems (i.e., an on-site 

review of the water sources, facilities, 

equipment, operations, and maintenance to 

evaluate their adequacy in producing and 

distributing safe drinking water); 

•	 helping systems invest in preventive 

measures; 

•	 providing financial assistance for system 

improvements through the Drinking Water 

State Revolving Fund and other State funding 

programs; 

•	 reviewing water system plans and 

specifications; 

• conducting training sessions; 

• holding public information meetings; 

•	 lending specialized monitoring equipment; 

and 

•	 publishing informational bulletins and 

newsletters on training events and other 

educational opportunities. 

When a drinking water violation is detected, EPA 

guidelines require a response from the primacy 

agency as a condition of funding. Acceptable 

responses include a variety of formal and 

informal actions as the state or EPA attempts to 

return a violating public water system to 

compliance as quickly as possible. 

July 2002 • Page 8 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — National Summary 
Generally, the primacy agency’s first responses to 

violations are informal actions, such as: 

• reminder letters; 

• warning letters; 

• notices of violation; 

• field visits; and 

• telephone calls. 

If the violation continues or recurs, the primacy 

agency must initiate a formal enforcement 

response that requires the violating public water 

system to return to compliance. Formal 

enforcement responses include: 

• citations; 

•	 administrative orders with or without 

penalties; 

•	 civil referrals to state attorneys general or to 

the Department of Justice; 

•	 other sanctions such as denying permission 

for system expansion; and 

• filing criminal charges. 

If a situation poses an imminent risk to public 

health, EPA and the state will issue an emergency 

order that requires the public water system to 

take the steps necessary to protect public health 

and return the system to compliance. 

INFORMATION ON AND 

EVALUATION OF STATE REPORTS 

EPA reviewed each 2000 annual state report to 

determine if it met the requirements of the 1996 

Amendments to SDWA. The contents of the state 

reports are summarized in Table B–1 in 

Appendix B. Table B–1 shows whether a state: 

• submitted a report to EPA; 

• included all required elements; 

•	 satisfied its statutory requirement to publish 

and distribute summaries of the report that 

inform the public of the availability of the full 

report; 

•	 identified the size and type of violating 

systems; 

•	 discussed the compliance assistance and 

enforcement activities the state undertook in 

response to violations; 

•	 included a list of PWSs with MCL or 

treatment technique violations, as EPA 

recommended in its guidance to states on 

preparing their reports; 

•	 provided information to the public on 

availability of the reports; and 

•	 included additional information of interest to 

the public, such as the number of public 

water systems in the state, their sizes and 

types, and background on the Safe Drinking 

Water Act and its implementation. 

STATE-BY-STATE SUMMARIES 

EPA provides a state-by-state summary of 

information reported in each state report in 

Appendix B. The standardized format includes 

an overall summary of the violations data the 

Safe Drinking Water Act requires states to report 

(i.e., violations with respect to MCLs, treatment 

technique violations, significant monitoring and 

reporting violations, and variances and 

exemptions). The summary for each state also 

tells how to obtain a copy of the state’s full 

report. 

In some instances, the data reported by a state in 

July of 2000 may not agree with data currently in 

SDWIS/FED. EPA’s and the states’ continual 

efforts to ensure that the information in the 

SDWIS/FED database is as accurate as possible 

may have resulted in updates and corrections to 

the data since the state published its report. 

CONCLUSIONS AND ACTIVITIES TO 

ADDRESS RECOMMENDATIONS 

A large majority of Americans received water 

from systems which reported no violations of 

health-based standards, and for which the states 

reported no significant violations of monitoring 

and reporting requirements. 

There are significant differences in the numbers 

of violations reported in 1999 and 2000, most 

notably a 14% overall increase in violations. Most 

of this increase came from 8,470 significant 

violations of the new Consumer Confidence 

Report Rule. EPA does not expect to see many 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — National Summary Page 9 • July 2002 
repeat violations of this rule in the years ahead 

as public water systems become familiar with the 

rule’s requirements. The number of significant 

violations of monitoring and reporting 

requirements increased by almost 3,800 — a 5% 

increase in violations between 1999 and 2000. In 

2000, America’s public water systems detected 

and reported 421 fewer violations of health-based 

standards — a 3% decrease from 1999. 

The Total Coliform Rule remains the rule most 

frequently violated. This rule, which applies to all 

sizes and types of public water systems, was also 

the most violated rule in 1996, 1997, 1998, and 

1999. The 33,180 significant violations of 

monitoring and reporting requirements of the 

Total Coliform Rule represent 44% of all 

significant monitoring and reporting violations 

reported by states in 2000. The 9,589 violations 

of the health-based standards for the Total 

Coliform Rule represent 70% of all reported 

violations of health-based standards in 2000. For 

community water systems, the number of Total 

Coliform Rule violations increased slightly from 

1999. Health-based violations of the rule 

increased 2%, while significant monitoring and 

reporting violations increased 4%. 

The following recommendations were 

incorporated into EPA’s enforcement and 

compliance assurance program planning for 

Fiscal Years 2000 and 2001. 

States and EPA should continue working 

together to address significant violations of 

monitoring and reporting requirements. 

States and EPA should continue working 

together to address violations of MCL and 

treatment technique requirements. 

EPA designated compliance with the SDWA 

microbial rules (the Total Coliform Rule and the 

Surface Water Treatment Rule) as a national 

priority for its enforcement and compliance 

assurance program for Fiscal Years 2000 and 

2001. 

In 2000 and 2001, EPA Regions are working with 

states to evaluate how well public water systems, 

especially large systems, comply with the 

microbial rules and whether enforcement actions 

are being initiated when appropriate. Regions 

and states are also identifying and evaluating 

microbial risks to watersheds in an attempt to 

focus enforcement and compliance efforts on 

ensuring the safety of drinking water sources. 

Considerable effort will also be devoted to 

training and compliance assistance. EPA will 

work to build the capacity of small public water 

systems and Indian tribes to maintain 

compliance both with established rules and with 

new microbial rules such as the Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule and the 

Ground Water Rule. 

With respect to the rest of the drinking water 

program, states and EPA are continuing their 

efforts to implement the recommendations of the 

1996 and 1997 national public water system 

reports: 

•	 EPA provides funding to support nine 

technology assistance centers that help small 

systems with training, technical assistance, 

and technology demonstrations. 

•	 States and EPA help promote compliance 

with existing drinking water requirements by 

conducting numerous assistance activities, 

such as on-site visits and the development 

and distribution of easy-to-read guides and 

checklists. 

•	 EPA funding established and maintains the 

Local Government Environmental Assistance 

Network (LGEAN), a source of free 

information on current and developing SDWA 

requirements (as well as technical assistance, 

peer counseling, and financial guidance). 

LGEAN can be accessed on the Internet at 

www.lgean.org or by calling toll-free 1-877-

TO-LGEAN (865-4326). 

•	 States worked with EPA to ensure community 

water systems sent consumers the first 

Annual Consumer Confidence Reports in 

2000, allowing the public to monitor the 

performance of local water systems. 

•	 Revisions to the Public Notification Rule 

mean that public water systems will send 

their customers more timely notification of 

drinking water violations. 

•	 EPA is developing a list of approved 

compliance technologies that will encourage 

small systems to use the existing flexibility in 

the regulations in selecting treatment for 

drinking water while still providing adequate 

public health protection. 

July 2002 • Page 10 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — National Summary 
•	 The states and EPA are pursuing enforcement 

actions against violating public water systems 

both to discourage violations and to level the 

playing field for systems that devote 

resources to maintaining compliance. 

EPA, states, and drinking water stakeholders 

should continue to work cooperatively to 

improve the quality of compliance data. 

Since September 1998, the findings and 

recommendations of the national public water 

systems reports have been incorporated into 

EPA’s ongoing efforts to ensure the reliability of 

data in SDWIS/FED. In its first national report, 

EPA noted that compliance data in many 

individual state reports differed from the data 

reported to SDWIS/FED. In 1998, EPA, states, 

and drinking water stakeholders agreed that our 

data quality goal should be “100% complete, 

accurate, and timely data submitted by public 

water systems and primacy agencies, consistent 

with SDWA reporting requirements.” Further 

analysis and discussions among the stakeholders 

led to establishment of interim milestones for 

how soon that goal will be achieved. 

EPA, states, and the drinking water stakeholders 

made significant progress on most of the data 

recommendations of the earlier national reports 

— in some instances achieving full 

implementation. Among the major 

accomplishments, EPA has: 

•	 improved the display of drinking water data 

in Envirofacts; 

•	 characterized and quantified the data quality 

problem; 

•	 taken interim steps to improve data quality, 

including improvements to the data entry 

tools states use to put information in 

SDWIS/FED and provision of a mechanism 

that enables water systems to confirm the 

accuracy of data before it is accepted by 

SDWIS/FED; and 

•	 made a long-term commitment to achieve and 

maintain data quality goals. 

More remains to be done to achieve the goal of 

100% accurate, complete, and timely 

information. Some of the next steps EPA, states, 

and the drinking water stakeholders have agreed 

to undertake include: 

•	 streamlining data reporting and reducing rule 

complexity; 

•	 conducting more training to ensure regulatory 

staff can accurately determine compliance 

with drinking water rules and data entry staff 

can upload complete and accurate data to 

SDWIS/FED; 

•	 making SDWIS/FED error reports more user 

friendly and understandable to state drinking 

water managers; 

•	 encouraging states to issue annual reminders 

to water systems of their compliance 

monitoring schedules; 

•	 providing states with individual, prioritized 

recommendations for improving their data 

quality; 

•	 performing more frequent data verification 

audits; and 

•	 calculating estimates for SDWIS/FED data 

quality every 3 years, or more frequently if 

data from a sufficient number of data 

verifications are available. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — National Summary Page 11 • July 2002 

National Summary of Compliance for Public 

Water Systems in Indian Country in 2000 

INTRODUCTION 

This section of the 2000 National Public Water 

Systems Compliance Report describes how the 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and 

federally-recognized Indian tribes (tribes) are 

meeting the goal of ensuring that public water 

systems in Indian country provide safe drinking 

water. 

PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS IN 

INDIAN COUNTRY 

Tribes may apply for eligibility to receive primary 

enforcement responsibility (known as primacy) to 

administer the drinking water program provided 

they meet the requirements of Sections 1413 and 

1451 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). As 

of 2000, only the Navajo Nation has received 

primacy. For the purposes of this report, EPA, 

therefore, administers the drinking water 

program in the rest of Indian country. 

A glossary of terms used in this report appears 

in Appendix A. A map of the areas covered by 

this section appears in Appendix C. 

This calendar year 2000 section also marks the 

first inclusion of significant consumer notification 

violations, as community water systems were 

required to produce their first Consumer 

Confidence Report in late 1999. 

PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS IN 

ALASKA AND OKLAHOMA 

Compliance figures for Alaska Native Villages 

outside of Indian country are not included in this 

section of the report; they can be found in the 

Alaska state report. EPA is currently working 

with other federal agencies to better assess the 

location of Indian country parcels in Alaska. 

Compliance figures for eighteen public water 

systems in Indian country located in Oklahoma 

tribes are not included in this section of the 

report; they can be found in the Oklahoma state 

report. The state report does not, however, 

contain separate information on these public 

water systems. As a result, separate information 

on these systems is not covered in either the 

tribal or state section of the report. EPA 

continues to evaluate the appropriate place in the 

report to include compliance figures on these 

systems. 

DATA QUALITY 

This report uses information from the Safe 

Drinking Water Information System/Federal 

Version (SDWIS/FED). SDWIS/FED is the national 

database where EPA records information on 

public water systems in Indian country. Public 

water systems in Indian country are required to 

report laboratory data to EPA. EPA uses the 

information to determine compliance with the 

national primary drinking water regulations of 

SDWA. 

This report also discusses the limitations in the 

data EPA uses to measure its success and the 

steps it is taking to increase data reliability and 

completeness. The report also discusses the 

Agency’s compliance assistance, enforcement, 

and financial assistance programs. EPA plans to 

continue its data quality efforts during 2001 to 

ensure that SDWIS/FED contains complete and 

accurate information. A complete discussion of 

data quality is in the National Summary of Public 

Water Systems Compliance in 2000 under the 

section PWS Compliance. 

FINDINGS 

In 2000, 972 public water systems in Indian 

country served approximately 581,612 users. 

•	 748 community water systems served more 

than 468,219 people in their primary 

residences. 

•	 88 non-transient non-community systems 

(schools and factories) served more than 

40,896 people in places they frequented. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Section on Indian Country Page 13 • July 2002 
•	 136 transient non-community systems 

(campgrounds and highway rest stops) served 

more than 72,497 people who passed 

through. 

Percentage of Systems by Type 

14% 

77% 

9% 

Community

Transient Non-Community

Non-Transient Non-Community

Almost all public water systems in Indian 

country were small. These small systems 

provide drinking water to the majority of the 

public who drank water in Indian country. 

•	 97% of public water systems in Indian 

country serve 3,300 or fewer people. These 

943 small systems served 64% of the people 

who received water from public water 

systems in Indian country. 

SDWIS/FED records no violations for most 

public water systems in Indian country. 

Systems with Violations 

35% 

65% 

•	 629 of 972 public water systems had no 

reported health-based or significant reporting 

violations. 

94% of public water systems in Indian country 

reported no violations of a health-based 

drinking water standard in 2000. 

•	 99 health-based violations in Indian country 

were reported to SDWIS/FED in 2000. The 

Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) for the 

Total Coliform Rule was the health-based 

standard most frequently violated. 

Percentage of Health-Based Violations by Rule 

96% 

100% 

90% 

80% 

70% 

60% 

50% 

40% 

30% 

20% 

10% 

0% 0% 4% 0% 

Chem TCR LCR SWTR 

Percentage of Health-Based Violations 

The vast majority of violations reported to 

SDWIS/FED in 2000 were for a public water 

system’s significant failure to monitor and 

report, rather than for a health-based MCL or 

a treatment technique violation detected and 

reported. 

•	 Of the 1,374 violations reported to 

SDWIS/FED in 2000, 1,183 (86%) were 

significant violations of monitoring and 

reporting requirements. If a system did not 

monitor the quality of its water, it is 

impossible to know if it has violated healthbased requirements. 

•	 Public water systems in Indian country 

represent 0.6% of all public water systems in 

the United States but were responsible for 

1.6% of all monitoring and reporting 

violations at public water systems reported to 

SDWIS/FED in 2000. 

No Reported Violations 

Violations of Some Kind 

July 2002 • Page 14 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Section on Indian Country 
Type of Violation 

86% 

7% 

7% 

Health-based

Monitoring and Reporting

CCR

88% of community water systems in Indian 

country complied with the new Consumer 

Confidence Report Rule. 

•	 The Consumer Confidence Report Rule 

requires all community water systems to 

provide an annual report to customers 

identifying the contaminants detected in their 

water and the health risks associated with 

those contaminants. 

•	 In calendar year 2000, 92 community water 

systems in Indian country were found to have 

a “significant” violation of the Consumer 

Confidence Report Rule, meaning that the 

community water system completely failed to 

provide the required report. 

COMPLIANCE ASSISTANCE 

AND ENFORCEMENT 

EPA uses multiple approaches to ensure public 

water systems in Indian country comply with 

SDWA regulations. 

EPA’s tribal compliance assistance program is 

designed to help maintain compliance with SDWA 

by building cooperative working relationships 

with utility managers, operators, other tribal 

environmental staff, and tribal elected officials. 

The program emphasizes information exchanges, 

operation assistance, and water quality 

monitoring. 

EPA gives information and assistance directly to 

tribal public water system operators, utility 

managers, and owners through training sessions, 

newsletters, telephone support, and system visits. 

On-site technical assistance is provided by 

engineers and qualified staff who work with 

tribes to assess current compliance status, 

develop monitoring schedules and compliance 

plans, and conduct sanitary surveys. EPA 

coordinates many of these activities with other 

federal agencies, including the Indian Health 

Service and the Bureau of Reclamation. 

Coordination also occurs with non-governmental 

organizations and inter-tribal consortia, including 

the Native American Water Association, the Rural 

Water Association, and the Rural Community 

Assistance Corporation. 

EPA is also responsible for initiating enforcement 

actions against owners or operators of public 

water systems in Indian country if a system is not 

in compliance with SDWA. In most cases, EPA 

relies on compliance assistance and informal 

enforcement actions to facilitate a tribally-owned 

or -managed public water system’s return to 

compliance. When a formal enforcement action is 

appropriate, EPA can initiate administrative 

orders, including emergency administrative 

orders, and refer civil and criminal cases to the 

Department of Justice. The “EPA Policy for the 

Administration of Environmental Programs on 

Indian Reservations” (EPA Indian Policy) and the 

“Guidance on the Enforcement Principles 

Outlined in the 1984 Indian Policy” (EPA Tribal 

Enforcement Principles) guide the Agency’s 

approach to bringing civil administrative or 

judicial enforcement actions against systems 

owned, operated, or managed by tribal 

governments. 

Public water systems are required to monitor for 

89 different contaminants and conduct analyses 

using a variety of EPA-approved analytical 

methods. Where a system fails to perform some 

or all of the required monitoring, a separate 

monitoring and reporting violation is recorded 

for each missed contaminant. 

Table 1 shows the number of compliance 

assistance and enforcement activities directed 

toward public water systems in Indian country. 

The information is drawn both from SDWIS/FED 

and separate records maintained by some EPA 

Regions. EPA Regions are only required to report 

to SDWIS/FED on violations and formal 

enforcement actions related to the resolution of 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Section on Indian Country Page 15 • July 2002 
TABLE 1: NUMBER OF PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS

ON TRIBAL LANDS WITH VIOLATIONS BY RULE

PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS AND VIOLATIONS 

Total Number of Public Water Systems 

343 

TOTAL NUMBER 

972 

Total Number of Public Water Systems with Violations 

Total Number of Violations 1,374 

SUPPLEMENTAL 

REGIONAL DATA COMPLIANCE AND ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY SDWIS/FED

Federal Administrative Order issued 4 0 

Federal Compliance Achieved 80 0 

Federal 1431 (Emergency) Order 1 0 

Federal Voluntary Reminder Notice 122 330 

Federal Compliance Meeting Conducted 1 450 

Federal Technical Assistance Visit 0 450 

Federal Site Visit (including sanitary surveys) 1 0 

Federal Public Notification Requested 45 0 

Federal Public Notification Issued 1 0 

Federal Public Notification Received 42 0 

Federal Boil Water Order 0 40 

violations of SDWA; these data are, however, 

currently incomplete. Some EPA Regions 

maintain separate records that contain 

information on both formal and informal 

enforcement actions and compliance assistance 

activities. 

FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE 

EPA provides financial assistance to public water 

systems in Indian country to help build tribal 

capacity to operate and maintain systems in 

compliance with SDWA. Capacity building is a 

long-term solution which focuses on giving tribes 

grants, training, and technical assistance as they 

develop their environmental programs. EPA’s 

General Assistance Program builds tribal 

capacity by providing grants to plan, develop, and 

establish environmental protection programs, 

including drinking water programs. 

EPA also distributes funds for specific drinking 

water program priorities. EPA allotted 

approximately $2.7 million (3% of the set-aside of 

public water systems appropriations) for 

implementing the Tribal Public Water System 

Supervision Program in each of the last four 

fiscal years — fiscal year 1998, fiscal year 1999, 

fiscal year 2000, and fiscal year 2001. Through 

this program, EPA awarded a number of grants 

to tribes and tribal organizations to address 

various aspects of the drinking water program. 

In addition to the 3% set-aside, EPA received an 

additional $3 to $4 million in each of the last 

four fiscal years for drinking water needs on 

Indian lands. EPA is focusing on activities such 

as: 

July 2002 • Page 16 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Section on Indian Country 
•	 Tribal Public Water System Supervision 

Program primacy workshops to provide 

general outreach material to all tribes eligible 

to pursue primary enforcement 

responsibility; 

• capacity development projects; 

•	 source water and wellhead protection 

projects; 

•	 development of a voluntary operator 

certification program for tribes; and 

•	 provision of operator training and 

certification to tribal operators. 

In the 1996 Amendments to SDWA, an 

infrastructure funding program was established 

to improve water supplies. Each year, 1.5% of the 

appropriation for the national Drinking Water 

State Revolving Fund program is set aside for 

American Indian communities and Alaska Native 

Villages. The initial set-aside from the 1997 

appropriation amounted to $19.25 million. 

Subsequent set-asides have been: $10.87 million 

in fiscal year 1998; $11.625 million in fiscal year 

1999; $12.3 million in fiscal year 2000; and 

$12.347 million in fiscal year 2001. 

Finally, technical assistance and training for 

small tribally-owned or -operated public water 

systems are also provided. For example, EPA 

currently has three cooperative agreements with 

the National Rural Water Association to provide 

support to small public water systems, including 

those owned or operated by tribes. Through the 

cooperative agreements, small tribal public water 

systems receive information on training and 

technical assistance, wellhead and ground water 

protection, and source water protection. 

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 

In 2000, EPA Regions reported that 35% of the 

public water systems in Indian country reported 

a violation of a health-based standard, a 

significant monitoring and reporting violation, or 

a significant consumer notification violation. This 

represents an overall increase from 1999 when 

24% of facilities reported a violation of a healthbased standard or a significant reporting 

violation. A combination of factors contributed to 

this increase in the number of systems with 

violations in 2000. First, this report now includes 

a significant number of violations for failure to 

notify customers under the Consumer Confidence 

Report Rule; this information did not appear in 

previous reports. Second, public water systems 

and EPA continued to address data quality issues 

that have led to the identification of additional 

systems with violations. 

During 2000, there was a noticeable decrease in 

the total number of significant violations of 

monitoring and reporting requirements in Indian 

country from 2,392 in 1999 to 1,183 in 2000. 

This decrease resulted from the fact that systems 

determine compliance with many chemical 

contaminants on a three-year cycle. Reports for 

those contaminants were due in 1998, with the 

result that monitoring and reporting violations in 

that year increased dramatically. The 2000 

reporting year was the middle of the three-year 

reporting cycle, so monitoring and reporting 

violations continued a decline that began in 

1999, the first year of the cycle.1 

EPA continues to implement two primary 

recommendations from previous reports: 

(1) improve collection and maintenance of 

compliance data for public water systems in 

Indian country; and (2) place a priority on 

decreasing the number of monitoring and 

reporting violations to gain a full understanding 

of whether health-based violations exist. EPA will 

accomplish these recommendations by: 

•	 continuing to work cooperatively with tribal 

governments and their utility managers and 

water system operators to improve 

compliance with monitoring and reporting 

requirements and with health-based 

standards, particularly the Total Coliform 

Rule and Surface Water Treatment Rule; 

•	 increasing EPA’s field presence, conducting 

more frequent sanitary surveys, and engaging 

in targeted technical and compliance 

assistance and enforcement; 

•	 improving the inventory of public water 

systems in Indian country; 

•	 improving the collection and entry into 

SDWIS/FED of compliance and enforcement 

information in a timely manner to avoid 

keeping multiple records; 

1 Systems must monitor for most chemical contaminants one time within a standard three-year compliance period. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Section on Indian Country Page 17 • July 2002 
•	 continuing to support and encourage capital 

improvements for public water systems to 

improve the infrastructure (and therefore 

compliance with SDWA requirements) of 

public water systems in Indian country, 

including grants provided under the Drinking 

Water Tribal Infrastructure Improvement 

Program; and 

•	 focusing on small system compliance issues 

and the development of small system 

capacity. 

Ultimately, EPA will continue to respond to 

compliance and enforcement issues at public 

water systems owned, operated, or managed by 

tribal governments in a manner consistent with 

SDWA, the EPA Indian Policy, and the EPA Tribal 

Enforcement Principles. As such, EPA will 

usually emphasize compliance assistance as the 

first step in returning these systems to 

compliance. Where compliance assistance is 

ineffective and where, among other things, there 

is a significant threat to human health or the 

environment, EPA will take appropriate steps to 

return systems to compliance, including formal 

enforcement actions. 

July 2002 • Page 18 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Section on Indian Country 
2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Section on Indian Country Page 19 • July 2002 
Appendix A

Glossary of Terms

Administrative Order 

Formal enforcement actions issued by EPA or a 

State to address noncompliance at a public water 

system, usually by means of a compliance 

schedule with enforceable milestone dates. 

Chemical Rules 

Refers collectively to regulations that protect the 

public from unsafe levels of organic chemicals, 

inorganic chemicals (other than lead and 

copper), and radioactivity in drinking water. 

Community Water System 

A public water system that serves at least 15 

service connections used by year-round residents 

or regularly serves at least 25 year-round 

residents (e.g., homes, apartments and 

condominiums that are occupied year-round as 

primary residences). 

Consumer Confidence Rule 

Requires community water systems to prepare 

and provide to their customers annual consumer 

confidence reports on the quality of the water 

delivered by the systems. 

Federally-recognized Indian Tribe 

An Indian tribe, band, nation, pueblo, 

community, or Alaska Native Village that the 

Secretary of the Interior acknowledges to exist as 

an Indian tribe pursuant to the Federally 

Recognized Indian Tribe List Act of 1994, 25 

U.S.C. Section 479a. Maintained by the 

Department of the Interior, the list of federallyrecognized tribes is updated periodically and 

published in the Federal Register. The latest list 

of federally-recognized Indian tribes is available 

at 65 Federal Register 12398 (March 13, 2000). 

Health-based Violation 

A violation of either a Maximum Contaminant 

Level or a Treatment Technique requirement. 

Inorganic Chemicals 

These non-carbon based compounds (such as 

metals, nitrates, and asbestos) can either occur 

naturally in some sources of drinking water or be 

introduced by human activity. EPA has 

established MCLs for 15 inorganic contaminants. 

Violations of standards for lead and copper are 

addressed separately. 

Large System 

A public water system that serves more than 

10,000 people. 

Lead and Copper Rule 

Requires a public water system to take steps to 

minimize the risk of exposure to lead and copper 

in drinking water by monitoring for these 

contaminants, installing corrosion control where 

required, and, where necessary, educating the 

public about ways to reduce exposure. A system 

may also be required to treat its source water or 

replace lead service lines. 

Maximum Contaminant Level 

The maximum permissible level of a contaminant 

in water delivered to any user of a public water 

system. 

Monitoring and Reporting Violation 

Refers to either a violation of a monitoring and 

reporting schedule or violation of contaminantspecific minimum testing schedules and 

operational reporting requirements. Those 

monitoring and reporting violations considered 

“significant” for the purposes of the state and 

national public water system compliance reports 

are described below in Table A–1. 

Nitrate and Nitrite 

Inorganic compounds that can enter water 

supplies, primarily from fertilizer runoff and 

sanitary wastewater discharges. 

Non-transient Non-community Water System 

A non-community public water system that 

regularly serves at least 25 of the same persons 

over six months per year. A typical example of a 

non-transient non-community water system is a 

school or an office building that has its own 

water source, such as a drinking water well. 

Organic Chemicals 

These carbon-based compounds, such as 

solvents and pesticides, can enter drinking water 

through a variety of means, including factory 

discharges or runoff from crop lands. EPA has 

established MCLs for 56 organic contaminants. 

Primacy 

The Safe Drinking Water Act requires EPA, 

States, and Tribes to work as partners to ensure 

delivery of safe drinking water to the public. Any 

State or Indian Tribe can request responsibility 

for operation and oversight of the drinking water 

program within its borders. In order to receive 

this responsibility (called “primary enforcement 

authority” or “primacy”), a State or Tribe must 

show, among other things, that it has adopted 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix A Page A–1 • July 2002 
drinking water regulations that are at least as 

stringent as Federal regulations, and demonstrate 

its capacity both to enforce those regulations and 

to implement other activities necessary to ensure 

compliance. 

In the absence of State or Tribal primacy, EPA 

assumes responsibility for administering the 

drinking water program for that area. Of the 56 

eligible States (defined to include 

Commonwealths, Territories, and the District of 

Columbia), all but Wyoming and the District of 

Columbia have primacy. During calendar year 

2000, the EPA Regional Offices administered the 

drinking water program within these two 

jurisdictions and on all Tribal lands, except for 

the Navajo Nation in late 2000. 

Primary Drinking Water Regulations 

These are regulations that apply to public water 

systems; specify contaminants which, in the 

judgment of the Administrator, may have an 

adverse effect on the health of persons; and 

specify for each such contaminant either a 

maximum contaminant level or a treatment 

technique. 

Public Water System 

A system for the provision to the public of water 

for human consumption through pipes or other 

constructed conveyances, if such system has at 

least fifteen service connections or regularly 

serves at least 25 individuals at least 60 days out 

of the year. A public water system can be either a 

community water system, a non-transient noncommunity water system, or a transient noncommunity water system. 

Radionuclides 

Radioactive particles, such as radium-226, 

radium-228, gross alpha, and beta 

particle/photon radioactivity, can occur naturally 

in water or may result from human activity. EPA 

has established MCLs for beta/photon emitters, 

alpha emitters, and combined radium 226/228. 

Regional Offices 

Responsible for implementing Environmental 

Protection Agency programs within their 

respective jurisdictions. Regional Offices 

cooperate with Federal, State, interstate, and 

local agencies, as well as with industry, academic 

institutions, and other private groups to ensure 

that Regional needs are addressed and that 

Federal environmental laws are upheld. 

Small Systems 

Public water systems that serve no more than 

3,300 people. 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 

The Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) 

requires a public water system served by surface 

water or by ground water under the influence of 

surface water to take steps (such as disinfection, 

filtration followed by disinfection, or watershed 

control) to reduce potential exposure to 

microbiological contamination. 

Total Coliform Rule 

Establishes limits on coliform bacteria in water 

distribution systems. Although coliform bacteria, 

which are found in decaying organic material and 

in the intestinal tract of humans and animals, are 

usually not harmful to human health, their 

presence may indicate the presence of other, 

more dangerous microbial contamination. 

SDWIS/FED 

EPA’s database for collecting safe drinking water 

monitoring results from oversight agencies. 

SDWIS stands for Safe Drinking Water 

Information System. Public Water Systems are 

required to report all monitoring results to the 

primary enforcement authority. States with 

primacy, or EPA where it administers the 

program, analyze the monitoring results, 

determine compliance, and report violations to 

EPA on a quarterly basis. EPA maintains records 

of these violations in SDWIS/FED. SDWIS/FED 

records only violations, not results that 

demonstrate compliance with drinking water 

standards. 

Total Trihalomethanes 

These chemicals can be by-products of chemical 

processes used to disinfect drinking water. 

Transient Non-community Water System 

A non-community water system that regularly 

serves at least 25 people (but not the same 25) 

over six months per year. A typical example is a 

campground or a highway rest stop that has its 

own water source, such as a drinking water well. 

Treatment Technique 

In cases where EPA has determined it is not 

technically or economically feasible to establish 

July 2002 • Page A–2 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix A 
an MCL, the Agency can instead specify a 

treatment technique. These are treatment 

methods required by EPA to minimize the level of 

a contaminant in drinking water. 

Variances and Exemptions 

A public water system that cannot comply with a 

drinking water standard because of poor source 

water quality, or, in the case of small systems, 

inadequate financial resources, can be granted a 

variance to comply with less stringent, but still 

protective standards based on a specific EPAapproved technology available to the system. An 

exemption allows a PWS with compelling 

circumstances (including economic 

considerations) additional time to achieve 

compliance with applicable SDWA requirements, 

so long as public health is adequately protected. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix A Page A–3 • July 2002 
TABLE A–1: SIGNIFICANT MONITORING VIOLATIONS FOR

ANNUAL STATE PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM REPORTS

Rule Violation Type Description 

SDWIS 

Violation Code1 

SDWIS 

Contaminant Code 

Total Coliform Rule 

Major routine No samples collected during a 

compliance period 23 

Regular 

monitoring 

3100 

Major repeat 

No follow-up samples collected 

after a positive total coliform 

sample or no speciation 

25 3100

Surface Water 

Treatment Rule 

Major (filtered) 

Collected less than 90% of 

samples required during a 

compliance period 

36 None 

Major 

(unfiltered) 

Collected less than 90% of 

samples required during a 

compliance period 

31 None 

Lead and 

Copper Rule 

Initial lead and 

copper tap 

Either failed to collect the initial 

tap samples, and then failed to 

correct that omission within a) 3 

months for large systems, b) 6 

months for medium systems, or 

c) 12 months for small systems; 

or failed to submit the associated 

report 

51 

Follow-up or 

routine lead 

and copper tap 

Failed to collect 1 or more 

required samples 52 

C 

h 

e 

m 

Phase I, II, IIB, 

and V Rules 

Failed to collect any required 

samples2 03 

Total 

Trihalomethanes 

Regular 

monitoring 

Radionuclides 

Failed to collect any required 

samples 

Failed to collect any required 

samples 

Regular 

monitoring 

03 

03 

2950 

4000, 4100, 

4010 

By contaminant 

1 EPA’s Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS/FED) makes no distinction between the sampling violations and the reporting 

violations associated with a sample collection requirement. Both violations are reported under the same violation code. 

2 Failure to collect “any required samples” means none of the required samples were collected. 

July 2002 • Page A–4 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix A 
TABLE A–2: SUMMARY OF DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS FOR

PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS DURING 2000

None 

Applicability of Regulations 

Contaminant/Rule 

Community 

Water Systems 

Non-transient NonCommunity Water Systems Transient Non-Community 

Water Systems 

Organic Contaminants All All 

Some 

(Only epichlorohydrin 

and acrylamide) 

None Total Trihalomethanes 

(TTHM) 

Some 

(Only systems serving more 

than 10,000) 

None 

None 

None None

All 

All 

All 

All 

All 

All 

All 

All 

All 

All 

Inorganic Contaminants 

Some 

(All except arsenic 

and fluoride) 

Nitrate and Nitrite 

Radionuclides 

Total Coliform 

Lead and Copper 

Surface Water Treatment 

Some 

(Only PWSs using surface 

water sources or ground 

water sources under 

the direct influence of 

surface water) 

Some 

(Only PWSs using surface 

water sources or ground 

water sources under 

the direct influence of 

surface water) 

Some 

(Only PWSs using surface 

water sources or ground 

water sources under 

the direct influence of 

surface water) 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix A Page A–5 • July 2002 

Appendix B

Summaries of State Annual

Compliance Reports

CONTENTS

Alabama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–7 

Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–8 

American Samoa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–9 

Arizona . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–10 

Arkansas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–11 

California . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–12 

Colorado . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–13 

Connecticut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–14 

Delaware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–15 

District of Columbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–16 

Florida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–17 

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–18 

Guam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–19 

Hawaii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–20 

Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–21 

Illinois . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–22 

Indiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–23 

Iowa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–24 

Kansas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–25 

Kentucky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–26 

Louisiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–27 

Maine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–28 

Maryland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–29 

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–30 

Michigan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–31 

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–32 

Mississippi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–33 

Missouri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–34 

Montana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–35 

Nebraska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–36 

Nevada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–37 

New Hampshire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–38 

New Jersey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–39 

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–40 

New York . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–41 

North Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–42 

North Dakota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–43 

Northern Mariana Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–44 

Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–45 

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–46 

Oregon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–47 

Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–48 

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–49 

Rhode Island . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–50 

South Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–51 

South Dakota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–52 

Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–53 

Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–54 

Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–55 

Vermont . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–56 

Virgin Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–57 

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–58 

Washington . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–59 

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–60 

Wisconsin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–61 

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–62 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–1 • July 2002 

This Appendix presents a summary of each state 

report in a standardized format. The format 

includes an overall summary of the violations 

data specified in Section 1414 of the 1996 Safe 

Drinking Water Act (SDWA) Amendments (i.e., 

violations with respect to maximum contaminant 

levels (MCLs), treatment technique violations, 

significant monitoring and reporting 

requirements, Consumer Confidence Report 

violations, and variances and exemptions). 

This Appendix summarizes the data reported by the 

States, but does not interpret it. Therefore, other factors 

must be taken into account before drawing conclusions 

about a State program. For example, public water systems 

are required to report all violations to the State, but State 

drinking water programs vary in the regulations they 

choose to emphasize. A State that decided to focus 

attention and resources on one particular rule may have 

discovered and reported many more violations of that rule 

than a State that chose to focus on a different rule. A 

disproportionate number of violations in a State could also 

indicate that the State needs to work with its public water 

systems to improve their compliance. 

Readers are cautioned to view the violations data provided 

in the State summaries within the context of each State 

and its individual drinking water program. 

In 2000, EPA received State Public Water System 

Compliance Reports from 46 of the 54 primacy 

states, Commonwealths, and Territories. As in 

past years, American Samoa, Guam, and the 

Northern Mariana Islands did not submit 

reports, and, with limited exceptions, did not 

supply information to SDWIS/FED. EPA did not 

receive a report from Arizona, California, 

Massachusetts, New Mexico, and the Virgin 

Islands. Appendix B supplies what information is 

available in SDWIS/FED to indicate violations at 

public water systems in the Pacific territories. 

Because the District of Columbia, Wyoming, and 

Indian Tribes did not have primary enforcement 

responsibility for drinking water in calendar year 

2000, EPA prepared reports for those 

jurisdictions. The Navajo Nation took primary 

enforcement responsibility in late 2000, but EPA 

did not ask the tribe to produce a report. 

Violations for 2000 

EPA summarizes the number of MCL, treatment 

technique, and significant monitoring and 

reporting violations1 reported by each state in 

five categories: 

•	 Violations of chemical contaminant 

requirements2 

• Violations of the Total Coliform Rule 

• Violations of the Surface Water Treatment Rule 

• Violations of the Lead and Copper Rule 

•	 Violations of the Consumer Confidence 

Report Rule. 

EPA summarizes the numbers of individual 

public water systems in violation in each of these 

five categories, as reported by the state. 

If a state’s report did not include information in a 

category, EPA’s summary notes the omission. 

2000 Totals 

EPA also summarizes the total number of 

systems in each state, the total number of 

violations reported, and the total number of 

PWSs in violation, if the state reported this 

information. 

Systems in Violation 

Systems in Violation is defined as the number of 

different systems with a reported violation of this 

type. Some states counted a system with multiple 

violations or violations in more than one category 

as one violating system. Other states counted a 

violating system each time it had a violation, or 

once for each of the regulatory categories in 

which it had a violation. If EPA’s review of a 

state’s report indicated some violating systems 

were counted more than once, an asterisk notes 

that the state’s number possibly overcounts 

violating systems. 

Variances and Exemptions 

There were no reported violations of variances 

and exemptions in 2000. 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual 

Public Water Systems Report 

If a state’s report includes information on how to 

obtain a copy of the report, that information is 

provided on the state summary page in this 

Appendix. 

1	 A comprehensive definition of significant monitoring and reporting violations including exceptions to the definition for the Total 

Coliform Rule and Lead and Copper Rule appears in Appendix A. 

2	 MCL and significant monitoring violations for organic, inorganic, total trihalomethane (TTHM), nitrate and nitrite, and 

radionuclide contaminants. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–3 • July 2002 
July 2002 • Page B–4 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B

x

TABLE B–1: SUMMARY OF ELEMENTS REPORTED BY STATES

State

Submitted

Report

Reported on

Violations

Categories

MCL M/R TT

x

Reported

on V/E

Provided

Inventory

Information

Identified

Size and Type

of Violating

Systems

Discussed

Compliance and

Enforcement

Responses

Identified Each

System with MCL

and TT Violations

Provided

Information

to Public on

Availability

Provided

Additional

Information1

Alabama x x x x x x x x x x

Alaska x x x x x x x x

American Samoa Did not submit report.

Arkansas x x x x x x x x x x

California Did not submit report.

Colorado x x x x x

Connecticut x x x x x x x x x

Florida x x x x x x

Georgia x x x x x x

Guam Did not submit report.

Idaho x x x x x x x

Illinois x x x x x x x

Indiana x x x x x x x x

Louisiana x x x x x x x

Maryland x x x x x x x x x x

Massachusetts Did not submit report.

Michigan x x x x x x x

Minnesota x x x x x x x

Mississippi x x x x x x x x

Nebraska x

Montana x x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Arizona Did not submit report.

Hawaii x x x x x x x x x x

x

1. An “x” in this column indicates the state submitted more information in its report than the minimum EPA recommends in guidance.

x

x

x

x x

x

x

CCR

District of Columbia x x x x x x x x x x x x

Missouri x x x x x x x x

Kentucky x x x x x x x x

Kansas x x x x x x x x x x

Maine x x x x x

Nevada x x x x x x

Iowa x x x x x x x x x x

Delaware x x x x x x x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x
TABLE B–1: SUMMARY OF ELEMENTS REPORTED BY STATES (continued)

State 

Submitted 

Report 

Reported on 

Violations 

Categories Reported 

on V/E 

Provided 

Inventory 

Information 

Identified 

Size and Type 

of Violating 

Systems 

Discussed 

Compliance and 

Enforcement 

Responses 

Identified Each 

System with MCL 

and TT Violations 

Provided 

Information 

to Public on 

Availability 

Provided 

Additional 

Information1 CCR MCL M/R TT 

New Hampshire x x x x x x x x x x x x 

New Jersey x x x x x x x x x x x 

New Mexico Did not submit report. 

New York x x x x x x x x x x 

North Carolina x x x x x x x x x x 

North Dakota x x x x x x x x x 

Northern Mariana 

Islands Did not submit report. 

Ohio x x x x x x x x x x x x 

Oklahoma x x x x x x x x x x x 

Oregon x x x x x x x x x x x 

Pennsylvania x x x x x x x x x x x 

Puerto Rico x x x x x x x x x 

Rhode Island x x x x x x x 

South Carolina x x x x x x x x x x x 

South Dakota x x x x x x x x x 

Tennessee x x x x x x x x x x x 

Texas x x x x x x x x 

Utah x x x x 

Vermont x x x x x x x x x x 

Virgin Islands Did not submit report. 

Virginia x x x x x x x 

Washington x x x x x x x x x x 

West Virginia x x x x x x x x x x 

Wisconsin x x x x x x x x x x 

Wyoming x x x x x x x 

1. An “x” in this column indicates the state submitted more information in its report than the minimum EPA recommends in guidance. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–5 • July 2002 

State of Alabama 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

32 

4 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 439* 32* 

Total Coliform Rule 32 32 37 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 1 1 1 1 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 4

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR

0 

*The state report gives different counts in the text of the report and in the accompanying tables. Counts from the text of the report are shown 

here. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 719 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 514 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Alabama's State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

ADEM

Drinking Water Branch

P. O. Box 301463

Montgomery, AL

36130-1463

Web Site: http://www.adem.state.al.us/viorep2000.html

E-mail: tsd@adem.state.al.us

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–7 • July 2002 
State of Alaska 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

610 

259 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 1 1 3,686 345 

Total Coliform Rule 47 40 1,216 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 231 108 358 108 

Lead and Copper Rule 10 10 316

Consumer Confidence Report 590 378

6,455 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,576 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 1,009 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Alaska's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

ADEC

DW/WW Program 

555 Cordova Street

Anchorage, AK 99501 

Web Site: http://www.state.ak.us/dec/deh/water/violations.htm 

Telephone: (907) 269-7647

July 2002 • Page B–8 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
American Samoa 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

0 

0 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 0 0 0 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 14 14 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0

Consumer Confidence Report 0 0

0 

14 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 22 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

American Samoa did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–9 • July 2002 
State of Arizona 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 41 31 143 97 

Total Coliform Rule 86 73 1,373 441 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 11 11 269 65 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 0 0 

Consumer Confidence Report 372 372 

2,295 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,701 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Arizona State did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED. 

July 2002 • Page B–10 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Arkansas 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 25 9* 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 112 104 219 163 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 140 31 75 37 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 12 12 

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

583 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,160** 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 

**The state report gives different counts in the text of the report and in the accompanying tables. Counts from the text of the report are shown 

here. 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Arkansas' State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting: 

Arkansas Department of Health 

Division of Engineering 

4815 West Markham Street 

Litttle Rock, AR 72205-2032 

Web Site: http://www.healthyarkansas.com/eng/ 

Telephone: (501) 661-2623 

Fax: (501) 661-2032 

E-mail: scorder@mail.doh.state.ar.us 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–11 • July 2002 
State of California 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 8 7 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 285 228 314 217 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 80 67 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 3,386 3,386 

Consumer Confidence Report 223 223 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 8,146 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 4,296 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

California did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED. 

July 2002 • Page B–12 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Colorado 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 21 5 31 22 

Total Coliform Rule 61 45 381 295 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 42 18 105 33 

Lead and Copper Rule 3 3 21 21 

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR 

665 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 2,100 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

No information is available on where to obtain the state report. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–13 • July 2002 
State of Connecticut 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

148 

95 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 22 10* 802 45* 

Total Coliform Rule 345 205 213 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 2 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 19 19 95

Consumer Confidence Report 58 58

2 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

1,556 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems ~3,900 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Connecticut's State Report is available at the public libraries or by contacting: 

Water Supplies Section 

Department of Public Health 

450 Capitol Avenue 

Hartford, CT 

Telephone: (860) 509-7333 

July 2002 • Page B–14 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Delaware 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 17 11* 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 38 35 0 0 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 8 8 

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 611 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 79** 

Total Number of 

Violations 63 

** The text of the state report gives this number of systems in violation, but this exceeds the number of violations in the report. 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

No information is available on where to obtain the state report. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–15 • July 2002 
District of Columbia 2000 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2000

0 

0 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 0 0 0 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 

Consumer Confidence Report 0 0

0 0

0 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 2 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 0 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

District of Columbia's Report is available by accessing the district’s web site or by contacting:

Drinking Water Branch (3WP22)

U.S. EPA Region III

1650 Arch Street

Philadelphia, PA 19103-2029

Attention: George Rizzo, DC PWSS Program Manager

Web Site: http://www.epa.gov/reg3wapd/drinkingwater/links.htm

Telephone: (215) 814-5781

FAX: (215) 814-2318

E-mail: rizzo.george@epa.gov

July 2002 • Page B–16 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Florida 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

583 

80 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 9 9* 1,093 1,083* 

Total Coliform Rule 223 220 840 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 80

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR

0 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems ~7,000 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 2,245 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Florida's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site. 

Web Site: http://www.dep.state.fl.us/water/Wf/dw/deault.htm 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–17 • July 2002 
State of Georgia 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

587 

105 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 331 273 

Total Coliform Rule 150 110 1,060 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 105

Consumer Confidence Report 315 258

0 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems NR 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 1,961 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Georgia's State Report is available by contacting:

Doug Davenport

Department of Natural Resources

Environmental Protection Division

Drinking Water Program

Information Management Unit

205 Butler St., SE Suite 1362

Atlanta, GA 30334

Telehone: (404) 651-5162

July 2002 • Page B–18 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
Guam 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

0 

2 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 0 0 0 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 2

2 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 12 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Consumer Confidence Report 0 0

0 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Guam did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–19 • July 2002 
State of Hawaii 2000 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2000

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 9 5 0 0 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 39 4 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 0 0 

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR 

48 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 132 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 9 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Hawaii's State Report is available by contacting:

Hawaii Department of Health

Safe Drinking Water Branch

Environmental Management Division

919 Ala Moana Blvd., Room 308

Honolulu, HI 96814-4920

Telephone: (808) 586-4258

July 2002 • Page B–20 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Idaho 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group NR* NR* NR* NR* 

Total Coliform Rule 251 211 581 425 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 299 22 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 16 16 

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR 

1,147* 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 2,077 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 573* 

Total Number of 

Violations 

* The state was not able to report violations due to the changeover from the state’s DWIMS database to SDWIS. 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Idaho's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting: 

Web Site: http://www2.state.id.us/deq/water/acr.htm 

DEQ Regional Offices and District Health Departments 

North Idaho

Coeur d'Alene Regional Office

2110 Ironwood Parkway

Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814

(208) 769-1422

North Central Idaho

Lewiston Regional Office

1118 F Street

Lewiston, ID 83501

(208) 799-4370

South Central Idaho

Twin Falls Regional Office

601 Pole Line Road, Suite 2

Twin Falls, ID 83301

(208) 736-2190

Southeast Idaho

Pocatello Regional Office

224 South Arthur

Pocatello, ID 83204

(208) 236-6160

Southwest Idaho Health District 1

Boise Regional Office Panhandle Health District Dept.

1445 North Orchard 322 Marion

Boise, ID 83706-2239 Sandpoint, ID 83864

(208) 373-0550 (208) 265-6384

Eastern Idaho Health District 2

Idaho Falls Regional Office North Central District Dept.

900 N. Skyline, Suite B 215 10th Street

Idaho Falls, ID 83402 Lewiston, ID 83501

(208) 528-2650 (208) 799-0353

Health District 3

Southwest District Health Dept.

920 Main Street

Caldwell, ID 83605

(208) 455-5403

Health District 4

Central District Health Dept.

707 North Armstrong Place

Boise, ID 83704

(208) 327-7499

Health District 5

South Central District Health Dept.

1020 Washington Street North

Twin Falls, ID 83301

(208) 734-5900. Ext. 217

Health District 6

Southeastern District Health Dept.

1901 Alvin Ricken Drive

Pocatello, ID 83201-2727

(208) 233-9080, Ext. 320

Health District 7

District Seven Health Dept.

254 "E" Street

Idaho Falls, ID 83403-3597

(208) 523-5382

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–21 • July 2002 
State of Illinois 2000 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2000

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 184 129 893 34 

Total Coliform Rule 99 78 229 142 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 0 0 11 4 

Lead and Copper Rule 10 7 40 35 

Consumer Confidence Report 66 57 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 5,855 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 400 

Total Number of 

Violations 1,532 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Michael Crumly

Chemical Sub-Unit Manager

Illinois Environmental Protection Agency

1021 North Grand, P.O. Box 19276

Springfield, Illinois 62794-9276

(217) 785-0561

July 2002 • Page B–22 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Indiana 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 53 21 893 810* 

Total Coliform Rule 386 344 2,660 1,508 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 12 7 1 1 

Lead and Copper Rule 49 47 155 131 

Consumer Confidence Report 173 144 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 4,211 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 2,077 

Total Number of 

Violations 4,382 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Indiana's State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or contacting:

Indiana Department of Environmental Management

Office of Water Management

Drinking Water Branch

Web Site: http://www.state.in.us/idem/owm/dwb/compliance.html

Telephone: (317) 308-3280

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–23 • July 2002 
State of Iowa 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 93 46* 1,039 1,002* 

Total Coliform Rule 184 131 304 223 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 1 1 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 29 27 

Consumer Confidence Report 12 12 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,995 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 1,662 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Iowa's State Report is available by contacting: 

Iowa Department of Natural Resources 

Environmental Protection Division 

401 SW 7th Street, Suite M 

Des Moines, IA 50309-4611 

Attention: Charlotte Lafargue Henderson, Environmental Specialist Senior 

Telephone: (515) 725-0341 

E-mail: charlotte.henderson@dnr.state.ia.us 

July 2002 • Page B–24 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Kansas 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 106 46* 9** 9** 

Total Coliform Rule 56 45** 75 43 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 17 12 8 7 

Lead and Copper Rule 7 7 22 22 

Consumer Confidence Report 301 301 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

** The state report gives different counts in the text of the report and in the accompanying tables. Counts from the text of the report are shown 

here. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,098 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 165*** 

Total Number of 

Violations 601 

*** May not include systems violating Consumer Confidence Report Rule. 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Kansas' State Report is available by contacting:

Kansas Department of Health and Environment

Bureau of Water

1000 SW Jackson — Suite 420

Topeka, KS 66612-1367

Telephone: (785) 296-5514

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–25 • July 2002 
State of Kentucky 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

32 

197 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 107 59* 

Total Coliform Rule 11 10 114 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 19 13 33 13 

Lead and Copper Rule NR NR 245

Consumer Confidence Report 104 90

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

633 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 656 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 302 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Kentucky's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Kentucky Division of Water

Drinking Water Branch

14 Reilly Road

Ash Building

Frankfort, KY 40601

Web Site: http://water.nr.state.ky.us/dw/

Telephone: (502) 564-3410

July 2002 • Page B–26 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Louisiana 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 171 138 6 4 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 14 5 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 8 8 

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR 

197* 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems ~1,850 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 148 

Total Number of 

Violations 

*The state report gives different counts in the text of the report and in the accompanying tables. Counts from the text of the report are shown 

here. 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Louisiana's State Report is available by contacting:

State of Louisiana

Department of Health and Hospitals

Office of Public Health

Engineering Services

6867 Bluebonnet

Suite 222

Baton Rouge, LA 70810

Telephone: (225) 765-5038

Fax: (225) 765-5040

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–27 • July 2002 
State of Maine 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0* NR 63* NR 

Total Coliform Rule 272 NR 990 NR 

Surface Water Treatment Rule* 9 NR 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 88 NR 154 NR 

Consumer Confidence Report 8 NR 

* Includes only violations of Phase II and V. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems NR 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 1,584 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

No information is available on where to obtain the state report. 

July 2002 • Page B–28 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Maryland 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 15 15* 53 44* 

Total Coliform Rule 395 355 190 123 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 9 8 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 16 16 86 86 

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 3,827 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 764 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Maryland's State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Nancy Reilman

MDE

Water Supply Program

Web Site: http://www.mde.state.md.us

Telephone: (410) 631-3729

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–29 • July 2002 
State of Massachusetts 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 1 1 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 104 91 138 78 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 54 54 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 107 94 312 152 

Consumer Confidence Report 17 17 

733 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,636 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Massachusetts did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED. 

July 2002 • Page B–30 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Michigan 2000 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2000

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 8 8 974 723 

Total Coliform Rule 508 471 1,909 1,576 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 3 3 298 263 

Consumer Confidence Report 76 76 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 12,368 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 2,481 

Total Number of 

Violations 3,776 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Michigan's State Report is available by contacting: 

Michigan Department of Environmental Quality

Drinking Water and Radiological Protection Division

P.O. Box 30630

Lansing, MI 48909-8130

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–31 • July 2002 
State of Minnesota 2000 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2000

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 17 17 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 276 269 81 52 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 1 1 36 20 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 68 67 

Consumer Confidence Report 12 11 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 8,300 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 418 

Total Number of 

Violations 491 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Minnesota's State Report is available by contacting:

Drinking Water Protection Section

Division of Environmental Health

Minnesota Department of Health

121 East Seventh Place — P.O. Box G4975

St. Paul, MN

55164-0975

Telephone: (651) 251-0770

Fax: (651) 257-0775 

July 2002 • Page B–32 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Mississippi 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 8 8 

Total Coliform Rule 59 53 59 41 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 20 20 

Consumer Confidence Report 43 43 

189 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,401 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

No information is available on where to obtain the state report. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–33 • July 2002 
State of Missouri 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 11 7 510 107 

Total Coliform Rule 461 283 1,084* 595 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 9 6 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 111 111 

Consumer Confidence Report 151 151 

* The state report gives different counts in the text of the report and in the accompanying tables. Counts from the text of the report are shown 

here. 

2,337 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 2,762 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Missouri's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Missouri Department of Natural Resources

Public Drinking Water Program

P.O. Box 176

Jefferson City, MO 65102

Web Site: http://www.dnr.state.mo.us/deq/pdwp

Telephone: (800) 361-4827 or (573) 751-5331

July 2002 • Page B–34 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Montana 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

481 

199 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 12 8* 1,078 1,078* 

Total Coliform Rule 154 145 810 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 35 17 18 6 

Lead and Copper Rule 131 131 301

Consumer Confidence Report 14 14

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 2,028 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 2,553 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Montana's State Report is available by contacting:

Public Water Supply Section

Community Services Bureau

Permitting & Compliance Division

Montana Department of Environmental Quality

P.O. Box 200901

Helena, MT 59620-0901

Telephone: (406) 444-4400

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–35 • July 2002 
State of Nebraska 2000 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2000

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 31 28 38 19 

Total Coliform Rule 360 265 153 130 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 3 2 2 1 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 0 0 

Consumer Confidence Report 150 133 

737 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,325 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 360 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Nebraska's State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services

Regulation and Licensure

301 Centennial Mall South

P.O. Box 95007

Lincoln, NE 68509

Web Site: http://www.hhs.state.ne.us/enh/pwsindex.htm

Telephone: (402) 471-2541 

Fax: (402) 471-6436

TDD: (402) 471-9570

July 2002 • Page B–36 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Nevada 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 13 5* 903 57 

Total Coliform Rule 39 33 90 78* 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 0 0 NR NR 

Lead and Copper Rule 1 1 72 72* 

Consumer Confidence Report 13 13 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems NR 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 1,131 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Nevada's State Report is available at the County Libraries or Nevada State Health Division office in those counties 

that do not have a library. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–37 • July 2002 
State of New Hampshire 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 1 1 799 74 

Total Coliform Rule 222 170 213 158 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 2 2 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 52 52 

Consumer Confidence Report 36 36 

1,325 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 2,199 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

New Hampshire's State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services

Water Division, Water Supply Engineering Bureau

6 Hazen Drive

P.O. Box 95

Concord, NH 03301

Web Site: http://www.des.state.nh.us/wseb

Telephone: Laurie Cullerot (603) 271-2954

E-mail: lcullerot@des.state.nh.us

July 2002 • Page B–38 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of New Jersey 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 44 34* 11,607 592* 

Total Coliform Rule 295 199 1,070 667 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 5 2 5 3 

Lead and Copper Rule 1 1 78 25 

Consumer Confidence Report 3 3 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 4,249 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 13,108 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

New Jersey's State Report is available at the public libraries and county and local health offices or by accessing the 

state's web site: 

Web Site: http://www.state.nj.us/dep/watersupply/violations2000.doc 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–39 • July 2002 
State of New Mexico 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 10 6 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 128 103 246 148 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 6 5 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 16 16 

Consumer Confidence Report 405 405 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,248 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 811 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

New Mexico did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED. 

July 2002 • Page B–40 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of New York 2000 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2000

0 

9 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 474 474 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 43 43 0 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 139 124 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 36 36 9

Consumer Confidence Report 392 392

1,093 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 10,335 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

New York's State Report is available by contacting: 

BPWSP-NYSDOH

547 River St., Room 400

Troy, NY 12180-2216

Telephone: inside state (800) 458-1158 ext. 27650

outside state (518) 402-7650

E-mail: bpwsp@health.state.ny.us. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–41 • July 2002 
State of North Carolina 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 31 19 3,150 2,046 

Total Coliform Rule 244 224 6,998 3,336 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 1 1 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 17 17 0 0 

Consumer Confidence Report 792 691 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 7,538 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 4,476 

Total Number of 

Violations 11,225* 

* The state report gives different counts in the text of the report and in the accompanying tables. Counts from the text of the report are shown 

here. 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

North Carolina's State Report is available by contacting the North Carolina Public Water Supply section web site or 

by telephone. 

Web Site: www.deh.enr.state.nc.us/pws 

Telephone: EPA's Safe Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791 

July 2002 • Page B–42 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of North Dakota 2000 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2000

72 

6 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 4 4 2 2 

Total Coliform Rule 56 33 102 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 1 1 1 1 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 

Consumer Confidence Report 2 2

0 6

199* 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 562 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 121* 

Total Number of 

Violations 

* Includes Minor Monitoring Violations. 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

North Dakota's State Report is available by contacting:

North Dakota Department of Health

Division of Municipal Facilities

P.O. Box 5520

1200 Missouri Avenue

Bismarck, ND 58506-5520

Attention: LeeAnn Tillotson

Telephone: (701) 328-5293 

Fax: (701) 328-5200 

E-mail: ltillots@state.nd.us

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–43 • July 2002 
Northern Mariana Islands 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 0 0 0 0 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 0 0 

Consumer Confidence Report 0 0 

0 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 43 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Northern Mariana Islands did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED. 

July 2002 • Page B–44 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Ohio 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 34 23 4,509 664 

Total Coliform Rule 1,129 773 1,918 1,291 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 225 44 1 1 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 124 119 

Consumer Confidence Report 105 105 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 5,757 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 2,045 

Total Number of 

Violations 7,820* 

* Total violations in report (7,820) differs from the calculated total (8,045). Surface Water Treatment Rule Treatment Technique violations may 

not be included in the reported total. 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Ohio's State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

PWS Annual Compliance Report

Ohio EPA — DDAGW

P.O. Box 1049

Columbus, OH 43216-1049

Telephone: Rick Magni or Beth Messer (614) 644-2752

Local Ohio EPA District Office in your region: 

Scot Foltz Janet Barth

Ohio EPA Ohio EPA

Central District Office Southeast District Office

3232 Alum Creek Drive 2195 Front Street

Columbus, Ohio 43207 Logan, Ohio 43138

(614) 728-3778 (740) 385-8501

Doug Scharp Nancy Rice

Ohio EPA Ohio EPA

Northwest District Office Northeast District Office

347 N. Dunbridge Road 2110 E. Aurora Road

Bowling Green, Ohio 43402 Twinsburg, Ohio 44087

(419) 352-8461 (330) 963-1200

Steve Severyn

Ohio EPA

Southwest District Office

401 East 5TH Street

Dayton, Ohio 45402

(937) 285-6357

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–45 • July 2002 
State of Oklahoma 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

67 

127 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 62 32 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 36 27 150 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 46 26 18 17 

Lead and Copper Rule 38 38 127

Consumer Confidence Report 29 29

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,736 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 506 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Oklahoma’s State Report is available by contacting:

Department of Environmental Quality

Water Quality Division, 8th Floor

707 N. Robinson

Oklahoma City, OK 73101-1677

July 2002 • Page B–46 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Oregon 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 5 5 641 641 

Total Coliform Rule 191 145 1,687 985 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 157 57 299 100 

Lead and Copper Rule 98 98 94 70 

Consumer Confidence Report 177 177 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 2,695 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 1,485 

Total Number of 

Violations 3,407* 

* The state report gives different counts in the text of the report and in the accompanying tables. Counts from the text of the report are shown 

here. 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Oregon's State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

Oregon Health Division 

800 NE Oregon St. 

Portland, OR 97232 

Web Site: http://www.ohd.hr.state.or.us/dwp 

The complete report will be published in the newsletter “The Pipeline" in the Summer of 2001. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–47 • July 2002 
State of Pennsylvania 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 135 81 7,380 819 

Total Coliform Rule 401 297 1,819 1,301 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 72 20 450 96 

Lead and Copper Rule 2 2 62 53 

Consumer Confidence Report 939 939 

10,328* 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 10,395 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 2,189* 

Total Number of 

Violations 

* The state report gives different counts in the text of the report and in the accompanying tables. Counts from the text of the report are shown 

here. These counts may not include Consumer Confidence Report violations. 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Pennsylvania's State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Department of Environmental Protection

Bureau of Water Supply and Wastewater Management

P.O. Box 8467, 11th Floor RCSOB

Harrisburg, PA 17105-8467

Telephone: (717) 787-5017

Web Site: http://www.dep.state.pa.us

July 2002 • Page B–48 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
Puerto Rico 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 8 6* 2,277 1,239* 

Total Coliform Rule 992 393* 1,234 225* 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 317 177* 1,213 143* 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 29 21* 

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems NR 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 6,070 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Puerto Rico's Report is available by contacting:

Department of Health

Public Water Supply Supervision Program

National Plaza 431 Floor 9 Office 903

Ponce De Leon Avenue

Hato Rey, PR 00917

Department of Health

Public Water Supply Supervision Program

PO Box 70184

Rio Piedras, PR 00936

Telephone: (787) 777-0150

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–49 • July 2002 
State of Rhode Island 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 4* 4* 1 1 

Total Coliform Rule 16* 16* 2 2 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 0 0 

Consumer Confidence Report 3 3 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 484 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 29* 

Total Number of 

Violations 38* 

*The state report gives different counts in the text of the report and in the accompanying tables. Counts from the text of the report are shown 

here. 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

No information is available on where to obtain the state report. 

July 2002 • Page B–50 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of South Carolina 2000 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2000

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 33 14 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 98 81 168 86 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 10 9 1 1 

Lead and Copper Rule 4 4 78 78 

Consumer Confidence Report 22 22 

406* 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,569 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 255 

Total Number of 

Violations 

* The state report gives different counts in the text of the report and in the accompanying tables. Counts from the text of the report are shown 

here. 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

South Carolina's State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

SCDHEC's Bureau of Water

2600 Bull Street

Columbia, SC 29201

Web Site: http://www.scdhec.net/water 

Telephone: Mr. Bruce Bleau with SCDHEC's Bureau of Water at (803) 898-4154

SCDHEC's Freedom of Information Office at (803) 898-3880

Fax: (803) 898-3795 

E-mail: bleaubp@columb32.dhec.state.sc.us 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–51 • July 2002 
State of South Dakota 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

107 

66** 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 18 13* 478 45* 

Total Coliform Rule 65 46 164 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 1 1 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 6 84

Consumer Confidence Report 79 75

6 

* Possibly overcounts violating systems. 

** The state report gives different counts in Table 1 and Table 2. Counts from Table 1 are shown here. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 720 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 895 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

No information is available on where to obtain the state report. 

July 2002 • Page B–52 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Tennessee 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

239 

2 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 1 1 219 41* 

Total Coliform Rule 67 52 427 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 40 17 7 7 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 3

Consumer Confidence Report 12 12

0 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

776 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,171 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Tennessee's State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Division of Water Supply - Central Office

401 Church Street

6th Floor, L&C Tower

Nashville, TN 37243-1549

Web Site: http://www.state.tn.us/environment/dws/index.html

Telephone: (615) 532-0191

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–53 • July 2002 
State of Texas 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 235 138* N/A** N/A** 

Total Coliform Rule 141 129 N/A** N/A** 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 47 24 207 39 

Lead and Copper Rule 14 14 186 174 

Consumer Confidence Report 292 292 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

** Monitoring is conducted by state employees or their agents. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 6,672 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 1,122 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

No information is available on where to obtain the state report. 

July 2002 • Page B–54 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Utah 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 3,080 2,547* 

Total Coliform Rule 117 85 319 199 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 17 6 23 5 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 22 22 

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems NR 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 3,578 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

No information is available on where to obtain the state report. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–55 • July 2002 
State of Vermont 2000 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2000

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 1 1 255 235* 

Total Coliform Rule 81 66 241 207 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 1 1 21 8 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 6 6 

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,359 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 606 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Vermont's State Report is available by contacting: 

State Water Supply Division

103 South Main St.

Waterbury, VT 05671-0403

Telephone: inside state (800) 823-6500

outside state (802) 241-3400

July 2002 • Page B–56 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
Virgin Islands 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 106 83 28 23 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 5 5 

Consumer Confidence Report 80 80 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 463 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 219 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Virgin Islands did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED. 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–57 • July 2002 
State of Virginia 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 12 10* 132 93* 

Total Coliform Rule 281 207 423 282 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 122 14 12 1 

Lead and Copper Rule 109 104 258 216 

Consumer Confidence Report 192 176 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

1,541 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 3,759 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 449 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Virginia's State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting:

Office of Water Programs

Abingdon Field Office-Field 1

East Main St.

Abingdon, VA 24210

Web Site: http://www.vdh.state.va.us

Telephone: (540) 676-5650

July 2002 • Page B–58 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Washington 2000 PWS Compliance Report

Violations for 2000

938 

1,294 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 538 399 1,546 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 111 49 89 19 

Lead and Copper Rule 29 29 1,433

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR

3,746 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 4,262 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 2,224 

Total Number of 

Violations 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Washington's State Report is available by contacting:

Department of Health

Division of Drinking Water

P.O. Box 47822

Olympia, Washington 98504-7822

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–59 • July 2002 
State of West Virginia 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 3 1 2,924 245 

Total Coliform Rule 72 61 928 450 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 13 7 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 11 11 176 101 

Consumer Confidence Report 222 177 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,373 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 667 

Total Number of 

Violations 4,349 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

West Virginia's State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting the EPA's Safe Drinking 

Water Hotline. 

Web Site: http:/www.wvdhhr.org/oehs/eed/reports.htm 

Telephone: Hotline (800) 426-4791 

July 2002 • Page B–60 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
State of Wisconsin 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 109 68* 4,634 1,279* 

Total Coliform Rule 488 399** 1,471 1,244 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 2 2 152 76 

Consumer Confidence Report 209 209 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

** The state report gives different counts in the text of the report and in the accompanying tables. Counts from the text of the report are shown 

here. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 11,659 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 3,006* 

Total Number of 

Violations 7,065 

* Total systems in violation does not include systems violating CCR. 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Wisconsin's State Report is available by contacting:

Bureau of Drinking Water and Groundwater

State of Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources

P.O. Box 7921

Madison, WI 53707

Telephone: (608) 266-6669

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B Page B–61 • July 2002 
State of Wyoming 2000 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2000 

130 

44 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 9 9* 360 73* 

Total Coliform Rule 77 52* 170 

Surface Water Treatment Rule 0 0 1 1 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 45

Consumer Confidence Report 4 4

0 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 745 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 666 

Where to Obtain the 2000 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

No information is available on where to obtain the state report. 

July 2002 • Page B–62 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix B 
Appendix C

Map of Indian Lands

Indian Lands 

2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report — Appendix C Page C–1 • July 2002