Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (2201A) 

Washington, DC 20460 

 EPA 305-R-08-001 

 July 2008 
 

 

 

Table of Contents 

National Summary of Public Water Systems Compliance in 2005 


Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................1 


What Information is in This Report? ............................................................................................................................2 


Findings ..................................................................................................................................................................4 


Public Water System Sizes and Types ......................................................................................................................4 


Overall Compliance Picture.....................................................................................................................................4 


Health-Based Drinking Water Standards...................................................................................................................4 


Monitoring and Reporting Drinking Water Standards ..................................................................................................5 


Community Water Systems.....................................................................................................................................7 


Non-Community Water Systems..............................................................................................................................7 


How Does EPA Help PWS Comply With Requirements?.................................................................................................7 


What Happens to Systems that Violate the Requirements? .........................................................................................8 


What is the Quality of the Data EPA Uses For This Report? ............................................................................................9 


What is EPA Doing to Improve Data Quality?................................................................................................................9
 

How Does EPA Evaluate State Reports?......................................................................................................................10 


Conclusions And Recommendations ..........................................................................................................................11 


Comparison of 2004 and 2005 Data.....................................................................................................................11 


TCR and Chemical Violations................................................................................................................................11 


Implementation of Prior Year Recommendations .....................................................................................................11 


2005 Report Recommendations ...........................................................................................................................12 


National Summary of Compliance for Public Water Systems in Indian Country in 2005 


Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................................15 


Public Water Systems In Indian Country ....................................................................................................................15 


Public Water Systems In Alaska And Oklahoma..........................................................................................................15 


Data Quality...........................................................................................................................................................15 


Findings ................................................................................................................................................................15 


Compliance Assistance And Enforcement...................................................................................................................17 


Financial Assistance................................................................................................................................................18 


Conclusions And Recommendations ..........................................................................................................................18
 
 

 

 

 

 

Appendix A 

Glossary of Terms ..................................................................................................................................................A-1 


Appendix B 

Summaries of State Annual Compliance Reports....................................................................................................... B-1 


Appendix C 

Map of Indian Lands ..............................................................................................................................................C-1
 

List of Tables 

Table A-1: Significant Monitoring Violations for Annual State Public Water System Reports ............................................A-4 


Table A-2: Summary of Drinking Water Regulations for Public Water Systems During 2005...........................................A-5 


Table B-1: Summary of Elements Reported by States ............................................................................................... B-5
 

June 2008 • Page ii 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Table of Contents 

 

 

 

_________________________ 

National Summary of 

Public Water Systems Compliance in 2005 

INTRODUCTION 


The National Public Water Systems Compliance 

Report for 2005 describes how the 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and its 

state and tribal partners are meeting the goal of 

ensuring that Americans receive safe drinking 

water from public water systems. 

Some of the ways that EPA measures attaining 

this goal is to track the number of public water 

systems that may not be meeting health-based 

drinking water standards, or monitoring and 

reporting requirements. 

In 2005, the primacy agencies did not report a 

violation of a health-based drinking water 

standard for 93% of America’s public water 

systems. 

EPA prepares a National Public Water Systems 

Public Water Systems 

A Public Water System (PWS) is a system that 

provides water for human consumption, if such 

system has at least 15 service connections or 

regularly serves at least 25 individuals at least 60 

days out of the year. A public water system can be 

one of three types: 

•	 Community Systems (CWS) serve at least 15 

service connections (which may include factories, 

schools, or places of housing that are on the same 

distribution system as residences) used by yearround residences or regularly serve at least 25 

year-round residents. 

•	 Non-transient Non-community Systems 

(NTNCWS) serve at least 25 of the same persons 

over six months per year not at their residence 

(e.g., schools or factories that have their own 

water source). 

• Transient Non-community Systems (TNCWS) 

serve at least 25 persons (but not the same 25) 

over six months per year not at their residence 

(e g campgrounds or highway rest stops that 

Compliance Report for every calendar year. This 

report uses calendar year, which is from January 

through December, while other reports or 

databases may use the fiscal year which is from 

October through September. The report is an 

annual summary of reported violations at the 

nation’s public water systems. This report also 

discusses the data we use to measure our success 

and the progress we are making in our efforts to 

increase data reliability and completeness. The 

report also summarizes and evaluates annual 

reports prepared by the states.1 

The first part of this report provides a national 

picture of the public water system compliance 

using data from the Safe Drinking Water 

Information System/Federal Version (SDWIS). 

SDWIS is the national database where states and 

tribes with primacy report annually to EPA 

violations of the maximum contaminant levels, 

treatment techniques, significant monitoring and 

reporting, significant consumer notification, 

variance and/or exemptions. EPA aggregates these 

reported violations at all public water systems in 

states, commonwealths, territories and in Indian 

country to present a national summary of 

violations, and then presents summaries of 

significant monitoring and reporting violations, 

significant public notification violations, and 

violations of health-based standards at the 

different kinds of public water systems. 

The second part of this report presents 

information on public water systems in Indian 

country. A glossary of terms used in this report 

appears in Appendix A. 

Summaries and evaluations of completeness of 

the states’ annual public water systems reports 

for 2005 are presented in Appendix B. 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary Page 1 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 The term ‘‘state’’ includes 57 states, commonwealths, and territories that have been approved to implement the drinking water 

program within their jurisdiction. It also includes the Navajo Nation, which received EPA approval to implement its drinking water 

program on December 6, 2000. Federal approval to implement the drinking water program is called primary enforcement authority, 

or ‘‘primacy.’’ During calendar year 2005, EPA directly implemented the drinking water program in Wyoming, the District of Columbia, 

and throughout most of Indian country other than the Navajo Nation. EPA is responsible for reporting violations in areas where the 

Agency directly implements the program. 

How Does The Public Find Out If Its Drinking Water Is Safe? 

Information Sent to Customers: 

Consumer Confidence Report ----­-

(http://www.epa.gov/ogwdw/ccr/pdfs/qrg_ccr_2004.pdf) 

Every community water system is required to produce a 

yearly report identifying the contaminants detected in its 

water and the risks of exposure to those contaminants. 

The annual water quality report or consumer confidence 

report (CCR) provides customers with a more complete 

picture of drinking water quality and systems operations. 

The annual CCR tells customers what is in their water, 

where it comes from, and where they can obtain 

additional information. Large systems are required to mail 

the report to their customers. While medium systems and 

small systems are required to produce the report, these 

systems may obtain a waiver from the mailing 

requirement. Very small systems are only required to print 

the report in the local newspaper. 

Public Notification Rule ----­- (http://www.epa.gov/ 

safewater/publicnotification/index.html) Public water 

systems must notify their customers if there has been a 

violation of drinking water standards. Public notification is 

intended to ensure that consumers will always know if 

there is a problem with their drinking water. Public water 

systems must notify the people who drink their water if 

the level of a contaminant in the water exceeds EPA, 

State, or tribal drinking water regulations, if there is a 

waterborne disease outbreak or any other situation that 

may pose a risk to the public health, if the water system 

fails to test its water as required, or if the system has a 

variance or exemption from the regulations. Depending on 

the severity of the situation water suppliers have 24 hours 

to one year to notify their customers. Public notification is 

provided in addition to the CCR. 

Information on the Internet: 

Safewater Web Site (http://www.epa.gov/safewater) ----­-

Provides information on the Safe Drinking Water Act, 

individual water systems, contaminants that may be in 

drinking water, and what individuals can do to help 

protect sources of their drinking water. 

Additional Information: 

Call the Community Water System ----­- Billing statements 

should provide a number to call with questions. 

State Public Water Systems Compliance Report ----­- Each 

state’s annual report discusses the violations at its public 

water systems. Most state reports include a list of 

violating facilities. 

National Public Water Systems Compliance Report (this 

report) ------ Summarizes all reported violations at America’s 

public water systems. 

Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791) ----­-

Answers questions about drinking water, lets callers order 

documents from EPA, and can refer callers to EPA experts 

if they need more information. 

Envirofacts Web Site (http://www.epa.gov/enviro) ----­-

Allows the public to access EPA databases containing 

information on environmental activities that may affect 

air, water, and land anywhere in the United States. 

WHAT INFORMATION IS IN THIS REPORT? 


This report uses information from SDWIS/FED, 

the national database where EPA records 

information that the states are required to report 

about their public water systems. For the national 

public water system compliance reports, EPA 

examines SDWIS/FED records of violations of 

primary drinking water regulations that specify: 

1) the maximum permissible level of a 

contaminant in water that is delivered to any user 

of a public water system (Maximum Contaminant 

Level or MCL); 2) techniques for treating water to 

make it safe; 3) monitoring and reporting 

requirements (how and when water must be 

tested and the results reported); and 4) 

significant user notification violations. 

• While SDWIS/FED collects information on all 
 

_________ 

monitoring and reporting violations, only are taken or no results are reported during a 

‘‘significant’’2 monitoring and reporting compliance period. Table A---1 provides a more 

violations are counted in this report. A detailed description of significant monitoring 

‘‘significant’’ monitoring and reporting violation violations for the different rules. 

occurs, with rare exceptions, when no samples 

2 This report tabulates only ‘‘significant’’ monitoring and reporting and notification (e.g., CCR) violations. Table A---1 presents 

descriptions of significant monitoring violations for the different drinking water regulations. 

June 2007 • Page 2 2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary 
 

 

 

__________ 

•	 A significant user notification violation occurs 

when a community water system completely 

failed to provide to its users a required report. 

Significant user notification violations include 

violations of the Consumer Confidence Report 

Regulation and violations of the Public 

Notification Regulations. 

•	 The information provided in the Consumer 

Confidence Report (CCR) will supplement 

public notification that water systems must 

provide to their customers upon discovering 

any violation of a contaminant standard. The 

CCR should not be the primary notification of 

potential health risk posed by drinking water, 

but will provide customers with a snapshot of 

the quality of their drinking water supply. 

•	 Public notification helps to ensure that 

consumers receive timely information about 

problems with their drinking water. These 

public notification requirements have always 

been a part of the Safe Drinking Water Act. 

EPA routinely evaluates state programs by 

conducting data verification audits and triennial 

national data quality assessments. The most 

recent triennial review revealed that 81% of the 

apparent MCL/treatment technique violations and 

29% of the apparent monitoring and reporting 

violations had been reported to SDWIS/FED. 

Since the reviews, EPA and the primacy agencies 

have worked towards the identification and 

resolution of any problems that may have 

produced data discrepancies in the past, and to 

prevent the occurrence of future problems. More 

discussions of data quality concerns, triennial 

reviews, and EPA’s recommendations appear 

later in this report. 

FINDINGS 

Public Water System Sizes and Types 

In 2005, 157,857 public water systems 

together served over 303 million users. The 

actual number of individuals served was 

smaller, because millions of Americans drank 

water from, and were counted as users by, 

more than one public water system during the 

course of the year. 

Percentage of Systems by Type 

33% 

12% 

55% 

Community 

Transient Non-Community 

Non-Transient Non-Community 

•	 52,578 community water systems served almost 

283 million people in their primary residences. 

•	 19,194 non-transient non-community systems 

(i.e., schools, factories) served over 6 million 

people in places they frequented. 

•	 86,085 transient non-community systems (i.e., 

campgrounds, highway rest stops) served a 

constantly changing user base of over 14 

million people. 

Most public water systems were small, but 

large systems served a majority of the people 

who drank water from a public water system. 

Size vs. Users Served3 

94% 100% 

80% 

60% 

40% 

20% 

0% 

3% 

77% 

13% 

Small Systems Large Systems 

Percentage of Systems Percentage of Users Served 

•	 94% of America’s public water systems 

(including nearly all of the transient noncommunity systems) served 3,300 or fewer 

users. Together, these 148,780 small systems 

provided service to only 13% of all users. 

3 Because approximately 3% of public water systems are ‘‘medium’’ in size, i.e., serve between 3,301 and 10,000 users, and because 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary 	 Page 3 • June 2008 
approximately 9% of the population is served by them, this report omits a separate discussion of ‘‘medium’’ systems. 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary Page 5 • June 2008 
 

 

•	 3% of America’s public water systems served 

more than 10,000 users. Together, these 4,102 

large systems provided service to 77% of all 

users. 

Overall Compliance Picture 

Most Americans received drinking water from 

public water systems that recorded no 

significant violations in 2005. 

Drinking Water Systems without Significant 

Violations Reported by States 

73%

27%

Violation of Some Kind 

No Violation 

For 73% of the public water systems in America, 

the states reported no health-based violation or 

significant monitoring and reporting violation. 

The states reported either a health-based 

violation, a significant monitoring and reporting 

violation, or a significant CCR violation at 42,445 

public water systems in 2005. 

Percentage of Population Served by Systems 

without State-Reported Significant Violations 

72% 

28% 

Users Served by PWS without Reported 

Significant Violation 

Users Served by PWS with Reported 

Significant Violation 

72% of the population served by public water 

systems received drinking water from a system 

that did not have any state-reported violations of 

a health-based standard, was not cited for a 

significant violation of a monitoring and reporting 

requirement, and issued a consumer confidence 

report, if required. 

•	 There were 10,858 reported violations of the 

CCR Rule in 2005. 

No violations of variances or exemptions were 

reported by the states to SDWIS/FED during 

2005. 

•	 Under Federal law, states can grant variances 

or exemptions to public water systems in 

limited circumstances allowing them to install 

alternative technology or giving them more time 

to meet a standard if public health is adequately 

protected in the interim. For the few public 

water systems that were operating under a 

variance or exemption in 2005, no states 

reported a violation of the variance or 

exemption. 

Health-Based Drinking Water Standards 

93% of America’s public water systems, 

serving 90% of the users, did not have any 

reported violations of health-based drinking 

water standards in 2005. 

PWS with No Health-Based Violations 

Reported by States 

7% 

93% 

Systems with Reported Health-Based Violations 

Systems with No Reported Health-Based Violations 

The Maximum Contaminant Level for the Total 

Coliform Rule (TCR) is the health-based standard 

most frequently violated. SDWIS/FED recorded 

18,411 violations of health-based standards in 

2005. The increase in health-based violations 

reflects the increase in violations of the 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary Page 4 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

__________ 

 

 

 

Disinfection By-Product Rule. The universe of 

PWS impacted by this rule recently expanded. 

Fifty percent (50%) of these violations were 

violations of the MCL for the Total Coliform Rule 

(TCR), which must be met by all types and sizes 

of public water systems.4 

The least violated health-based standards were 

the treatment technique requirements for the 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule 

(IESWTR) with just over two hundred violations 

reported in 2005. Only the largest public water 

systems are subject to the IESWTR. 

Percentage of Violations by Rule as 

Reported by States 100% 

90% 

80% 

70% 

60% 

50% 

40% 

30% 

20% 

10% 

0% 

12% 

35% 

50% 

41% 

4% 

14% 

9% 

2% 

25% 

8% 

Chem TCR LCR SWTR/IESW DBPR 

Percentage of Health-Based Violations 

Percentage of Monitoring and Reporting Violations 

Monitoring and Reporting 

Drinking Water Standards 

71% of the 111,021 violations the states reported 

to SDWIS/FED in 2005 were for a public water 

system’s significant failure to monitor and report, 

rather than a violation of a health-based 

standard. 

Type of Reported Significant Violation 

Reported by States 

17% 

71% 

12% 

Health-Based 

Monitoring and Reporting 

Public Notification and CCR 

•	 If a system did not monitor the quality of its 

water, it is impossible to know if it has violated 

a health-based requirement. For this reason, a 

system’s significant failure to monitor and 

report is a major violation that must be 

addressed and corrected. 

•	 35% of the 78,873 significant monitoring and 

reporting violations reported by the states were 

violations of the requirements of the Chemical 

Contaminant Group. In 2005 the states 

reported 50% fewer Chemical Contaminant 

Group monitoring and reporting violations than 

in 2004. This is due to the cyclical pattern of 

the monitoring requirements of the Chemical 

Contaminant Group. 

•	 41% of the 78,873 significant monitoring and 

reporting violations reported by the states were 

violations of the requirements of the TCR. The 

states reported 2% more TCR monitoring and 

reporting violations than the previous year. 

4 For the annual compliance reports, EPA tracks violations of the contaminant rules in five categories: 1) chemical contaminants 

(Chem) ----- violations of rules for organic, inorganic (except for lead and copper), and radioactive contaminants ----- compliance with 

many organic and inorganic standards is determined on the basis of shared samples, with one missed sample resulting in a 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary Page 7 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

monitoring and reporting violation of many standards; 2) total coliform (TCR); 3) lead and copper (LCR); 4) surface water 

treatment (SWTR) Interim Enhanced Surface Water (IESWTR), filter backwash recycling rule; Long Term Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule; and 5) Disinfection By-Product Rule (DBPR). Coliform bacteria are usually not a threat to humans, but their 

presence in drinking water can indicate a lapse in treatment and the possible presence of other, more dangerous microbes. 

June 2008 • Page 8 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary 
 

 

 

Does a Health-Based Violation Mean Drinking the Water Causes Illness? 

It is important to note that a public water system’s 

violation of a health-based standard does not mean that 

the people who drank the system’s water got sick. A 

health-based violation means either that the system has 

exposed its users to what EPA has judged as an 

unreasonable risk of illness, or that the system has failed 

to treat its water to the extent EPA has judged necessary 

to protect its users from an unreasonable risk of illness in 

the event that the regulated contaminant is present in 

source water. Many variables affect the likelihood of 

illness resulting from health-based violations, among 

them the duration of the violation, whether or not the 

violation occurred in an isolated section of a complex 

public water system, and the extent to which 

contamination exceeds the allowable level. 

While modern treatment systems have substantially 

reduced the incidence of waterborne disease, drinking 

water contamination remains a significant health risk 

management challenge. Studies by the Centers for 

Disease Control (CDC) indicate that between 1980 and 

1998 there were 419 outbreaks of illness linked to 

contamination in drinking water resulting in an estimated 

511,000 cases of disease (Craun and Calderon, 1996; 

Levy et al., 1998; Barwick et al., 2000). The majority of 

outbreaks in the U.S. occurred at surface water systems. 

Nearly 80% of all reported cases of illness were 

associated with the 1993 Cryptosporidium outbreak in 

Milwaukee, WI, which resulted in an estimated 403,000 

cases (MacKenzie et al. 1994; McDonald et al. 2001). 

The number of waterborne disease outbreaks identified 

and reported in the CDC database is believed, however, 

to understate the actual incidence of outbreaks and cases 

of illness (Craun and Calderon, 1996; National Research 

Council, 1997). The most recent CDC report on outbreak 

data for 2001­-2002 is available at 

http:www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/SS/SS5308.pdf. 

Recognized and reported waterborne disease outbreaks 

are usually the result of exposure to waterborne 

pathogens that cause acute gastrointestinal illness with 

diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, nausea, and vomiting. 

Because such illnesses are generally of short duration in 

healthy people, many individuals experiencing these 

symptoms do not seek medical attention. Where medical 

attention is sought, the pathogenic agent may not be 

identified through routine testing. Consequently, 

outbreaks are often not recognized in a community or, if 

recognized, are not traced to a drinking water source. 

Moreover, an unknown but probably significant portion of 

waterborne disease is endemic (i.e., isolated cases not 

associated with an outbreak) and, thus, is even more 

difficult to recognize. Waterborne disease information 

does not include information on diseases that would be 

caused by contaminants with chronic effects. 

EPA’s health-based standards are intended to provide an 

adequate margin of safety not just for healthy people, but 

also for populations that are at greater risk from 

waterborne disease. These sensitive subpopulations 

include children (especially the very young), the elderly, 

the malnourished, pregnant women, the disease-impaired 

(e.g., those with diabetes, cystic fibrosis), and a broad 

category of those with compromised immune systems, 

such as AIDS patients, those with autoimmune disorders 

(e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, multiple 

sclerosis), transplant recipients, and those on 

chemotherapy (Rose, 1997). Immunocompromised 

persons are more likely than healthy individuals to 

contract waterborne disease, the severity and duration of 

their illness is often greater, and they are at a greater risk 

of death. 

June 2008 • Page 9 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Community Water Systems 

Although community water systems make up only 

one-third of the public water systems in America, 

they serve 93% of population served by public 

water systems. 

•	 72% of the population served by community 

water systems received drinking water from a 

system with no state-reported violations of a 

health-based standard, was not cited for a 

significant violation of a monitoring and 

reporting requirement, and issued a consumer 

confidence report as required. 

•	 About 19,600 (37%) out of the over 52,500 

community water systems had significant 

violations. Of the approximately 283 million 

users served in their primary residence by 

community water systems, approximately 80 

million (28%) received their water from one of 

the violating community water systems. 

•	 Approximately 2,400 (27%) of the more than 

8,800 larger community water systems serving 

more than 3,300 users had significant 

violations reported by the states. These violating 

larger community systems served more than 71 

million (25%) of the 283 million users served in 

their primary residence by community water 

systems. 

•	 Of the approximately 43,700 small community 

water systems serving 3,300 or fewer users in 

their primary residence, over 17,200 (39%) had 

significant violations. Over 8.2 million (3%) 

users were served by these small community 

water systems. 

•	 The Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) Rule 

requires all community water systems to 

provide an annual report to customers 

identifying the contaminants detected in their 

water and the health risks associated with those 

contaminants. As reported by the states to 

SDWIS/FED, 86% of community water systems 

complied with the CCR Rule. 

Non-Community Water Systems 

•	 Approximately 82,200 (78%) out of over 

105,000 non-community water systems had no 

significant violations. The vast majority of the 

violating systems were small non-community 

water systems serving 3,300 users or less. 

Together these small systems with significant 

violations served only 3.4 million (17%) users 

out of the approximately 20 million users 

served by non-community water systems. 

•	 65 (25%) out of 258 larger non-community 

water systems serving more than 3,300 users 

had significant violations. Together these 65 

larger non-community systems served only 

about 614,800 (3%) users of the approximately 

20 million users served by non-community 

water systems. 

HOW DOES EPA HELP PWS 

COMPLY WITH REQUIREMENTS? 

Primacy States and EPA engage in a variety of 

activities to help public water systems remain in 

and return to compliance, including formal 

enforcement actions, informal actions, and 

compliance and technical assistance. State and 

EPA compliance assistance efforts to help a 

source remain in or return to compliance may 

include: 

•	 conducting on-site visits and sanitary surveys at 

public water systems (i.e., an on-site review of 

the water sources, facilities, equipment, 

operations, and maintenance to evaluate their 

adequacy in producing and distributing safe 

drinking water); 

• helping systems invest in preventive measures; 

•	 providing financial assistance for system 

improvements through the Drinking Water 

State Revolving Fund and other State funding 

programs; 

•	 reviewing water system plans and 

specifications; 

• conducting training sessions; 

• holding public information meetings; 

• lending specialized monitoring equipment; and 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary 	 Page 10 • June 2008 
• publishing informational bulletins and educational opportunities. 

newsletters on training events and other 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary Page 11 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

__________ 

What Happens to Systems that Violate the 

Requirements? 

When a drinking water violation is detected and 

providing compliance assistance to the violating 

system is found not to be an effective method for 

returning the system to compliance, EPA program 

implementation guidelines require the primacy 

agency, as a condition for receiving RPA funding, 

to initiate an enforcement response. Acceptable 

enforcement responses include a variety of formal 

and informal actions as the state or EPA attempts 

to return a violating public water system to 

compliance as quickly as possible. 

Generally, the primacy agency’s first responses to 

violations are informal actions such as: 

• compliance assistance as appropriate; 

• reminder letters; 

• warning letters; 

• notices of violation; 

• field visits; and 

• telephone calls. 

If the violation continues or recurs, the primacy 

agency must initiate a formal enforcement 

response that requires the violating public water 

system to return to compliance. Formal 

enforcement responses include: 

• citations; 

• administrative orders with or without penalties; 

•	 civil referrals to state attorneys general or to the 

Department of Justice; 

•	 other sanctions such as denying permission for 

system expansion; and 

• filing criminal charges. 

If a situation poses an imminent risk to public 

health, EPA and the state can issue an emergency 

order that requires the public water system to 

take the steps necessary to protect public health 

and return the system to compliance. 

During 2005, EPA and its state partners initiated 

4,878 enforcement actions in response to 

drinking water violations at public water systems 

in their jurisdictions. For new rules, EPA 

generally has primary enforcement authority until 

the States receive primacy for each new rule. EPA 

implemented the drinking water program in 

Wyoming, the District of Columbia, and in Indian 

country, except for the Navajo Nation. The Agency 

initiated enforcement responses in these areas 

and occasionally in the states, often at a state’s 

invitation.5 

•	 In 2005 the states issued a total of 4,761 formal 

enforcement actions, including 1,341 

administrative orders without penalty, 1,047 

administrative orders with penalty, 75 civil 

referrals to the states’ Attorneys General, 1,374 

signed State Bilateral Compliance Agreements 

(BCA), 901 state intentional no-actions, and 23 

civil cases filed. 

•	 During the same period, EPA issued a total of 

117 formal enforcement actions, including 108 

federal administrative orders, 4 Federal 

Emergency Orders, 3 Federal Intentional no 

actions, and 2 signed Federal BCA. 

These totals do not include informal enforcement 

actions (i.e., warning letters, notices of violation), 

compliance assistance activities, or the public 

water systems that returned to compliance before 

EPA and state procedures would require 

initiation of a formal response. 

EPA designates a public water system a 

significant noncomplier if the system has serious, 

frequent or persistent violations that may pose a 

threat to public health. States and EPA give 

significant noncompliers priority attention in 

their efforts to return violators to compliance and 

address violations with enforcement actions. 

•	 In calendar year 2005, EPA designated 13,070 

public water systems significant noncompliers, 

which was comparable to the number of public 

water systems designated as significant 

noncompliers in 2003 and 2004. Over 90% of 

these significant noncompliers in all these years 

served 3,300 or fewer users. 

June 2008 • Page 12 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary 
 

 

 

 

 

5 There are several reasons why there will be a difference between the number of violations in a year and the number of formal 

enforcement responses. For example, a state may choose to address a system’s violations informally in a manner that returns the 

system to compliance before the time interval has elapsed that by EPA guidance would necessitate initiation of a formal enforcement 

response. Also, it is not uncommon for the regulator to address all of a violating system’s multiple violations in a single enforcement 

response. In addition, formal enforcement responses addressing violations discovered late in one reporting year are generally not 

initiated until early in the following year. 

June 2008 • Page 13 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

•	 In 2005 states and EPA addressed 5,583 

significant noncompliers. Of the noncompliers 

addressed, 1,017 (18%) were new significant 

noncompliers identified in 2005. The other 

4,566 systems addressed were identified as 

significant noncompliers in 2004 and earlier. 

•	 The totals for significant noncompliers 

addressed do not take into account public water 

systems that are no longer significant 

noncompliers because of informal enforcement 

actions or compliance assistance, or public 

water systems that returned to compliance 

before EPA and state procedures would require 

initiation of a formal response. 

WHAT IS THE QUALITY OF THE 

DATA EPA USES FOR THIS REPORT? 

The data used in this report came from EPA’s 

national SDWIS/FED database. SDWIS/FED is 

composed of data that primacy states are 

required to submit to SDWIS/FED each quarter. 

EPA uses information in SDWIS/FED to assess 

progress in the implementation of regulations, to 

develop national enforcement and compliance 

priorities, and to provide information to the 

public. 

EPA periodically conducts data verifications 

(independent, on-site audits) of primacy state and 

tribal drinking water programs to ensure that the 

primacy state is determining compliance in 

accordance with Federal regulations. Data 

verifications help detect differences between data 

in a state’s files (whether electronic or hard copy) 

and data in SDWIS/FED. 

As part of the ongoing data reliability efforts 

described in past National Public Water Systems 

Compliance Reports, EPA examined the results of 

data verifications conducted from 1999 to 2001 

and previously from 1996 through 1998. The 

2002-2004 audits, which covered 38 states, 

analyzed data from 2,658 public water systems. 

The data audits reviewed inventory information 

(identifying systems, their number, their size, and 

their type), apparent violations that either were 

reported or should have been reported, and any 

enforcement actions initiated. 

EPA’s review showed that the quality of the 

information the states reported to SDWIS/FED is 

highly accurate, but the data are incomplete. This 

finding principally reflects states’ failure to 

determine and assign a violation rather than a 

preponderance of data management issues. Most 

of the SDWIS/FED data quality problems EPA 

identified were instances where violations that 

should have been recorded and reported did not 

appear in SDWIS/FED. EPA found that only a 

small percentage of this incompleteness is 

because SDWIS/FED will accept only properly 

transferred data. EPA’s analysis of the data 

verifications found: 

•	 87% of all inventory data in SDWIS/FED were 

consistently reported. 

•	 The overall quality of TCR MCL violations data 

in SDWIS/FED was 81%, quality of all healthbased violations was 77%, and quality of 

monitoring and reporting violations was 27%. 

•	 Most of the discrepancies between apparent and 

reported violations are because violations were 

not reported. 

•	 29% of monitoring and reporting violations had 

been reported to SDWIS/FED. 

•	 81% of the MCL/ SWTR treatment technique 

violations had been reported to SDWIS/FED. 

WHAT IS EPA DOING TO 

IMPROVE DATA QUALITY? 

EPA continues to work with its state partners to 

identify and resolve any problems that may have 

produced data discrepancies in the past and to 

ensure that complete and accurate documentation 

is available to help assess the safety of the 

nations’ drinking water. 

•	 The drinking water violation data improved 

from the 1996-1998 timeframe to the 2002­

2004 timeframe. EPA has completed the Data 

Reliability Report for the 2002-2004 timeframe. 

EPA has set a goal of 90% accuracy for data 

quality and is working closely with the 

Association of State Drinking Water 

Administrators (ASDWA) to implement an 

action plan that will help the drinking water 

program achieve this goal. 

•	 EPA and a subset of states established a 

workgroup through ASDWA to implement its 

June 2008 • Page 14 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary 
 

 

 

 

 

 

updated 2006 Data Reliability Analysis and 

Action Plan (DRAAP). Implementation of the 

plan began in 2005 ahead of the report release. 

• EPA will be working with all states to 

implement the EPA Order 5360.1 A2 dealing 

with requirements for quality management 

systems. 

•	 Changes to modernize SDWIS database should 

reduce data quality problems in the future from 

data entry to transmission. SDWIS 

Modernization focused on changes to make the 

quality checking function available to states 

before they send data to EPA, to provide a data 

entry format consistent with contemporary 

commercial data transfer formats, and to 

reduce the complexity of data entry into 

SDWIS/FED by standardizing processing. 

In 1998, EPA launched a major effort to assess 

the quality of the drinking water data contained 

within SDWIS/FED to respond to concerns 

regarding incorrect violations in the database. 

EPA enlisted the help of its stakeholders in 

designing the review, analyzing the results for 

data collected by Data Verification (DV) audits 

between 1996 and 1998, and recommending 

actions to improve drinking water data quality. 

The first Data Reliability Analysis of SDWIS/FED 

was published in October 2000. 

Findings of the first Data Reliability Analysis, 

which indicated that data quality needed 

improvement, were later updated by the second 

and third triennial assessments in 2003 (which 

included data collected between 1999 and 2001) 

and 2006 (for data between 2002 and 2004). 

Together, these assessments included 

comprehensive recommendations for EPA and 

state primacy agencies on quality improvements. 

The reports identified near-term actions that had 

already been taken or were still needed to 

improve data quality more immediately. To 

implement the recommendations, the states and 

EPA have conducted numerous activities and 

projects to improve data quality. Activities 

undertaken have included a) providing training 

for states; b) streamlining reporting to 

SDWIS/FED; c) making SDWIS error reporting 

more user-friendly; d) improving data 

verifications; e) following up with Regions on 

findings after data verifications; f) encouraging 

states to annually notify water systems of 

sampling schedules; and g) creating an electronic 

capability to evaluate data quality by states and 

EPA. 

EPA’s response to the data reliability issues 

identified in the 2003 report (second triennial 

report) included a commitment to conduct 

analyses which would provide periodic data 

quality estimates (DQEs), and provide input into 

program activities and priorities necessary to 

improve the quality and reliability of the data. 

Like the previous two reviews, the third triennial 

review of data quality is largely based on DV 

audits. The DV audits, conducted between 2002 

and 2004, reflect data for 2,658 randomly 

selected PWSs in 38 states. The introduction to 

the 2006 Drinking Water Data Reliability Analysis 

and Action Plan (EPA 816-R-07- 010, March 

2008, available online at 

http://www.epa.gov/safewater/data/pdfs/report_ 

data_datareliability_2006.pdf) discusses DV 

audits and triennial national summary. 

Based on the third review, the overall DQE of the 

eight inventory (water system identification) 

parameters assessed was 87%. In other words, 

87% of systems from DV states between 2002 and 

2004 had consistent data for all eight inventory 

data elements between their state files and 

SDWIS/FED database, or 13% of systems had at 

least one data element reported with a 

discrepancy. The highest discrepancy rate was for 

the administrative contact address element. 

For the 38 states evaluated from 2002 to 2004, 

90% of the reported violations in SDWIS/FED 

were accurate. Approximately 81% of the MCL 

and SWTR TT violations, 62% of the health-based 

violations (including LCR TT violations), and 39% 

of the monitoring and reporting (M/R) violations 

were reported to SDWIS/FED. Non-reporting was 

mostly attributable to the fact that states did not 

issue violations when violations had occurred 

(compliance determination error). In other words, 

the violations were not recognized, not recorded 

by the states as violations, and consequently, not 

reported to SDWIS/FED. Compliance 

determination errors led to 84% of non-reported 

health-based violations and 92% of non-reported 

M/R violations. 

Additional findings included the DQEs of healthbased violations were not significantly different 

between CWSs and NTNCWSs. The DQEs of M/R 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary Page 15 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

violations for TNCWSs were significantly higher 

than those for CWSs and NTNCWSs. 

The main results are further summarized as 

following: 

•	 94% of health-based violation (MCL/TT) 

data in SDWIS/FED were accurate. 

•	 Approximately 81% of MCL/SWTR TT 

violations were reported to SDWIS/FED. 

•	 Including LCR TT violations, about 62% 

of the health-based violations (MCL/TT 

violations) were reported to SDWIS/FED, 

where only 8% of LCR TT violations were 

reported to SDWIS/FED. 

•	 Only approximately 29% of M/R violations 

were reported to SDWIS/FED. 

•	 The primary reason for non-reporting was 

due to compliance determination errors 

rather than data flow errors. 

HOW DOES EPA 


EVALUATE STATE REPORTS? 


EPA reviewed each 2005 annual state report to 

determine if it met the requirements of the 1996 

Amendments to SDWA. The contents of the state 

reports are summarized in Table B---1 in 

Appendix B. Table B---1 shows whether a state: 

• submitted a report to EPA; 

• included all required elements; 

•	 satisfied its statutory requirement to publish 

and distribute summaries of the report that 

inform the public of the availability of the full 

report; 

• identified the size and type of violating systems; 

•	 discussed the compliance assistance and 

enforcement activities the state undertook in 

response to violations; 

•	 included a list of PWSs with MCL or treatment 

technique violations, as EPA recommended in 

its guidance to states on preparing their 

reports; 

• provided information to the public on 

availability of the reports; and 

•	 included additional information of interest to 

the public, such as the number of public water 

systems in the state, their sizes and types, and 

background on the Safe Drinking Water Act and 

its implementation. 

EPA provides a state-by-state summary of 

information reported in each state report in 

Appendix B. The standardized format includes an 

overall summary of the violations data the Safe 

Drinking Water Act requires states to report (i.e., 

violations with respect to MCLs, treatment 

technique violations, significant monitoring and 

reporting violations, and variances and 

exemptions). The summary for each state also 

tells how to obtain a copy of the state’s full report. 

The annual summary is based on violations 

reported in the calendar year of 2005. In some 

instances, the data reported by a state in July of 

2006 may not agree with data currently in 

SDWIS/FED. EPA’s and the states’ continual 

efforts to ensure that the information in the 

SDWIS/FED database is as accurate as possible 

may have resulted in updates and corrections to 

the data since the state published its report. 

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 

Most Americans received water from systems 

which reported no violations of health-based 

standards, and for which the states reported no 

significant violations of monitoring and reporting 

requirements. 

Comparison of 2004 and 2005 Data 

There are some differences in the numbers of 

violations reported in 2004 and 2005. The total 

number of violations decreased by 16% from 

2004. The number of significant violations of 

monitoring and reporting requirements decreased 

by a notable 26% from 2004. Most of this 

decrease was due to the cyclical pattern of the 

monitoring requirements of Chemical 

Contaminant Group. Smaller percentage 

decreases were seen in Stage 1 Disinfectants and 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule (DBPR), the Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, and the 

Surface Water Treatment Rule. In 2005, 3,238 

more violations of health-based standards were 

detected at public water systems and reported by 

June 2008 • Page 16 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary 
 

 

 

states ----- a 21% increase from 2004. The total 

violations include health-based and significant 

monitoring and reporting violations, along with 

violations of the CCR. Most types of health-based 

violations registered only slight increases or 

decreases, but violations of the DBPR more than 

tripled compared to 2004. In 2005 the states 

began reporting Stage 1 DBPR violations for the 

numerous smaller systems which had a later 

compliance date than the large systems. 

TCR and Chemical Violations 

In 2005, states reported the largest number of 

total violations (both health-based and significant 

monitoring and reporting) for the Total Coliform 

Rule. The 32,031 significant violations of 

monitoring and reporting requirements of the 

Total Coliform Rule represent 41% of all 

significant monitoring and reporting violations 

reported by the states in 2005. The 9,248 

violations of the MCL for the Total Coliform Rule 

represent 50% of all reported violations of healthbased standards in 2005. The number of healthbased violations of the Total Coliform Rule 

decreased 3% in 2005, while significant 

monitoring and reporting violations increased 

2%. As a result, the total number of Total 

Coliform Rule violations at all public water 

systems increased 1% between 2004 and 2005. 

Implementation of Prior 

Year Recommendations 

EPA incorporated the following recommendations 

for fiscal years 2002, 2003, and 2004: 

States and EPA should continue working 

together to address significant violations of 

monitoring and reporting and notification 

requirements. 

States and EPA should continue working 

together to address violations of MCL and 

treatment technique requirements. 

Recognizing the importance of consistent, long 

term efforts to protect the public from microbial 

contaminants of drinking water, EPA has made 

assuring compliance with the drinking water 

microbial rules part of its core 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary Page 17 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

drinking water enforcement and compliance 

program beginning in fiscal year 2005. 

EPA Regions are working with states to evaluate 

how well public water systems, especially large 

systems, comply with the microbial rules and 

whether enforcement actions are being initiated 

when appropriate. Regions and states are also 

identifying and evaluating microbial risks to 

watersheds in an attempt to focus enforcement 

and compliance efforts on ensuring the safety of 

drinking water sources. Considerable effort will 

also be devoted to training and compliance 

assistance. EPA will work to build the capacity of 

small public water systems to maintain 

compliance both with established rules and with 

new microbial rules such as the Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule and the 

Ground Water Rule. In Indian country, where 

almost all public water systems are small, EPA 

will focus resources on ensuring compliance with 

the microbial rules and the standards for nitrates 

in drinking water through implementation of its 

new strategy for the FY05---07 Tribal National 

Compliance and Enforcement Priority. 

With respect to the rest of the drinking water 

program, states and EPA are continuing their 

efforts to implement the recommendations of the 

national public water system reports: 

•	 EPA provides funding to support eight 

technology assistance centers that help small 

systems with training, technical assistance, and 

technology demonstrations. 

•	 States and EPA help promote compliance with 

existing drinking water requirements by 

conducting numerous assistance activities, 

such as on-site visits and the development and 

distribution of easy-to-read guides and 

checklists. 

•	 EPA funding established and maintains the 

Local Government Environmental Assistance 

Network (LGEAN), a source of free information 

on current and developing SDWA requirements 

(as well as technical assistance, peer 

counseling, and financial guidance). LGEAN can 

be accessed on the Internet at www.lgean.org or 

by calling toll-free 1-877- TO-LGEAN (865­

4326). 

•	 EPA had established and maintains the 

Financing for Environmental Compliance 

website to provide financial and technical 

assistance resources to help communities 

create a plan to finance environmental capital 

assets. The Financing for Environmental 

Compliance can be accessed at 

http://www.epa.gov/compliance/assistance/ 

financing/index.html 

•	 EPA has developed sets of tools that will assist 

small systems with implementing drinking 

water regulations and managing their systems 

while still providing adequate public health 

protection. The tools can be accessed on the 

Internet at http://www.epa.gov/ 

safewater/cupss/index.html 

•	 The states and EPA are pursuing enforcement 

actions against violating public water systems 

both to discourage violations and to ensure 

public health protection. 

Since September 1998, the findings and 

recommendations of the national public water 

systems reports have been incorporated into 

EPA’s ongoing efforts to ensure the reliability of 

data in SDWIS/FED. In its first national report, 

EPA noted that compliance data in many 

individual state reports differed from the data 

reported to SDWIS/FED. In 1998, EPA, states, 

and drinking water stakeholders agreed that our 

data quality goal should be ‘‘100% complete, 

accurate, and timely data submitted by public 

water systems and primacy agencies, consistent 

with SDWA reporting requirements.’’ Further 

analysis and discussions among the stakeholders 

led to establishment of interim milestones for 

how soon that goal will be achieved. EPA, states, 

and the drinking water stakeholders made 

significant progress on most of the data 

recommendations of the earlier national reports 

----- in some instances achieving full 

implementation. Among the major 

accomplishments, EPA has: 

•	 improved the display of drinking water data in 

Envirofacts; 

•	 characterized and quantified the data quality 

problem; 

•	 taken interim steps to improve data quality, 

including improvements to the data entry tools 

states use to put information in SDWIS/FED 

and provision of a mechanism that enables 

water systems to confirm the accuracy of data 

June 2008 • Page 18 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary 
before it is accepted by SDWIS/FED; and 

•	 made a long-term commitment to achieve and 

maintain data quality goals. 

2005 Report Recommendations 

EPA, states, and drinking water stakeholders 

should continue to work cooperatively to improve 

the quality of compliance data. More remains to 

be done to achieve the goal of 100% accurate, 

complete, and timely information. Some of the 

next steps EPA, states, and the drinking water 

stakeholders have agreed to undertake include: 

•	 streamlining data reporting and reducing rule 

complexity; 

•	 conducting more training to ensure regulatory 

staff can accurately determine compliance with 

drinking water 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary Page 19 • June 2008 
 

 

rules and data entry staff can upload complete 

and accurate data to SDWIS/FED; 

•	 encouraging states to issue annual reminders to 

water systems of their compliance monitoring 

schedules; 

•	 providing states with individual, prioritized 

recommendations for improving their data 

quality; 

•	 performing more frequent data verification 

audits; 

•	 calculating estimates for SDWIS/FED data 

quality every three years, or more frequently if 

data from a sufficient number of data 

verifications are available; 

•	 working with the Association of State Drinking 

Water Administrators (ASDWA) to implement 

its updated 2006 Data Reliability Analysis and 

Action Plan (DRAAP); 

•	 negotiating grant conditions with several states 

to encourage them to follow quality 

assurance/quality control plans for drinking 

water violation data reported to EPA and 

address the differences in interpretation of the 

regulation; and 

•	 working with all states to implement the EPA 

Order 5360.1 A2 dealing with requirements for 

quality management systems. 

June 2008 • Page 20 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – National Summary 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

National Summary of Compliance for Public 

Water Systems in Indian Country in 2005 

INTRODUCTION 


This section of the 2005 National Public Water 

Systems Compliance Report describes how the 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and 

federally-recognized Indian tribes (tribes) are 

meeting the goal of ensuring that public water 

systems in Indian country provide safe drinking 

water. 

PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS IN 

INDIAN COUNTRY 

Tribes may apply for eligibility to receive primary 

enforcement authority (known as primacy) to 

administer the drinking water program provided 

they meet the requirements of Sections 1413 and 

1451 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). As 

of 2005, only the Navajo Nation had received 

primacy for most public water systems on the 

Navajo Reservation. EPA administers the drinking 

water program in the rest of Indian country. 

A glossary of terms used in this report appears in 

Appendix A. A map of the areas covered by this 

section appears in Appendix C. 

PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS IN 

ALASKA AND OKLAHOMA 

Compliance figures for Alaska Native Villages 

outside of Indian country are not included in this 

section of the report. Similarly, compliance 

figures for 18 public water systems in Indian 

country located in Oklahoma are not included in 

this section of the report. In both cases, this 

information is found in the state reports for 

Alaska and Oklahoma, respectively. The state 

reports do not, however, contain separate 

information on these public water systems. 

DATA QUALITY 


This report uses information from the Safe 

Drinking Water Information System/Federal 

Version (SDWIS/FED). SDWIS/FED is the national 

database where EPA records information on 

public water systems in Indian country. Public 

water systems in Indian country are required to 

report laboratory data to EPA. EPA uses the 

information to determine compliance with the 

national primary drinking water regulations of 

SDWA. 

This report also discusses the limitations in the 

data EPA uses to measure its success and the 

steps it is taking to increase data reliability and 

completeness. The report also discusses EPA’s 

compliance assistance, enforcement, and financial 

assistance programs. EPA plans to continue its 

data quality efforts during 2006 to ensure that 

SDWIS/FED contains complete and accurate 

information. A complete discussion of data 

quality is in the National Summary of Public 

Water Systems Compliance in 2005 under the 

section entitled Data Quality. 

FINDINGS 

In 2005, 828 public water systems in Indian 

country served 821,646 users. 

•	 607 community water systems served 614,581 

people in their primary residences. 

•	 126 non-transient non-community systems 

(schools and factories) served 190,747 people 

in places they frequented. 

•	 95 transient non-community systems 

(campgrounds and highway rest stops) served 

16,318 people who passed through. 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Section on Indian Country	 Page 15 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

Percentage of Systems by Type 

15% 

74% 

11% 

Community 

Transient Non-Community 

Non-Transient Non-Community 

Almost all public water systems in Indian 

country were small. These small systems 

provide drinking water to the majority of the 

public who drank water in Indian country. 

•	 93% of public water systems in Indian country 

serve 3,300 or fewer people. These 771 small 

systems served 47% of the people who received 

water from public water systems in Indian 

country. Conversely, the other 57 public water 

systems in Indian country serve 53% of the 

people who received water from public water 

systems in Indian country. 

As reported to SDWIS/FED, most public water 

systems in Indian country had violations. 

•	 571 of 828 water systems (69%) reported 

health-based or significant reporting violations. 

Systems with Reported Significant Violations 

31% 

69% 

Violations of Some Kind
 

No Reported Violations
 

88% of public water systems in Indian country 

reported no violations of a health-based 

drinking water standard in 2005. 

•	 139 health-based violations in Indian country, 

including multiple violations by some systems, 

were reported to SDWIS/FED in 2005. The 

Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) for the 

Total Coliform Rule (83%) was the health-based 

standard most frequently violated. 

Percentage of Health-Based Violations by Rule 100% 

90% 

5% 

2% 7% 3% 

83% 

0% 

10% 

20% 

30% 

40% 

50% 

60% 

70% 

80% 

Chem TCR SWTR DBPR LCR 

Percentage of Health-Based Violations 

The majority of violations reported to 

SDWIS/FED in 2005 were for a public water 

system’s significant failure to monitor and 

report, rather than health-based MCL or a 

treatment technique violations detected and 

reported by a system. 

•	 Of the 2,022 violations reported to SDWIS/FED 

in 2005, 1,223 (60%) were significant violations 

of monitoring and reporting requirements. If a 

system did not monitor the quality of its water, 

it is impossible to know if it has violated healthbased requirements. For this reason, a system’s 

significant failure to monitor and report is a 

major violation that must be addressed and 

corrected. 

•	 Public water systems in Indian country 

represent 0.5% of all public water systems in 

the United States and were responsible for 1.5% 

of all significant monitoring and reporting 

violations at public water systems reported to 

SDWIS/FED in 2005. 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Section on Indian Country	 Page 23 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

59% 

 

 

 

 

Type of Violation 

7% 

60% 

33% 

Monitoring and Reporting 

Health-based 

Public Notification and CCR 

As reported to SDWIS/FED, 53% of community 

water systems in Indian country complied with 

the Consumer Confidence Report Rule. 

•	 The Consumer Confidence Report Rule requires 

all community water systems to provide an 

annual report to customers identifying the 

contaminants detected in their water and the 

health risks associated with those 

contaminants. 

•	 In calendar year 2005, 285 community water 

systems in Indian country were found to have a 

‘‘significant’’ violation of the Consumer 

Confidence Report Rule, meaning that the 

community water system completely failed to 

provide the required report. 

COMPLIANCE ASSISTANCE 

AND ENFORCEMENT 

EPA uses multiple approaches to ensure public 

water systems in Indian country comply with 

SDWA regulations. 

EPA’s tribal compliance assistance program is 

designed to help maintain compliance with SDWA 

by building cooperative working relationships 

with utility managers, operators, other tribal 

environmental staff, and tribal elected officials. 

The program emphasizes information exchanges, 

operation assistance, and water quality 

monitoring. 

EPA provides compliance assistance to system 

operators, utility managers, and owners through 

training sessions, newsletters, telephone support, 

and system visits. Engineers and qualified staff 

provide on-site assistance to assess current 

compliance status, develop monitoring schedules 

and compliance plans, and conduct sanitary 

surveys. EPA coordinates many of these activities 

with other federal agencies, including the Indian 

Health Service and the Bureau of Reclamation. 

Coordination also occurs with non-governmental 

organizations and inter-tribal consortia, including 

the Native American Water Association, the Rural 

Water Association, and the Rural Community 

Assistance Corporation. 

In federal fiscal year 2005, EPA’s Office of 

Enforcement and Compliance Assurance 

continued to focus increased attention on 

environmental issues in Indian country through 

implementation of its new Tribal National 

Compliance Priority. One of the goals is to 

improve compliance with drinking water 

standards by the end of fiscal year 2007. 

Between fiscal year 2005 and fiscal year 2008, 

EPA will work to improve the quality of public 

water system data, provide additional compliance 

assistance, and reduce the number of systems 

that are out of compliance with key health-based 

standards. 

EPA is also responsible for initiating enforcement 

actions against owners or operators of public 

water systems in Indian country if a system is not 

in compliance with SDWA. In most cases, EPA 

relies on compliance assistance and informal 

enforcement actions to facilitate a tribally-owned 

June 2008 • Page 24 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Section on Indian Country 
 

 

 

 

 

or -managed public water system's return to 

compliance. When a formal enforcement action is 

appropriate, EPA can initiate administrative 

orders, including emergency administrative 

orders, and refer civil and criminal cases to the 

Department of Justice. The "EPA Policy for the 

Administration of Environmental Programs on 

Indian Reservations" (EPA Indian Policy, 11/8/84) 

and the "Guidance on the Enforcement Principles 

Outlined in the 1984 Indian Policy" (EPA Tribal 

Enforcement Principles) guide the Agency's 

approach to bringing civil administrative or 

judicial enforcement actions against systems in 

Indian country. 

Public water systems are required to monitor for 

89 different contaminants and conduct analyses 

using a variety of EPA-approved analytical 

methods. Where a system fails to perform 

monitoring for some or all of the required 

contaminants, a separate monitoring and 

reporting violation is recorded for each missed 

contaminant. Each of these violations is 

enforceable. 

FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE 

EPA provides assistance, both technical and 

financial, to public water systems in Indian 

country to help build tribal capacity to operate 

and maintain systems in compliance with SDWA. 

Capacity building is a long-term solution which 

focuses on giving tribes grants, training, and 

technical assistance as they develop their 

environmental programs. EPA’s Indian General 

Assistance Program builds tribal capacity by 

providing grants to plan, develop, and establish 

environmental protection programs, including 

drinking water programs. 

EPA distributes funds for specific drinking water 

program priorities. EPA set aside $6,419,900 in 

FY 2005 for activities to support Tribal Public 

Water System Supervision (PWSS) Programs. 

EPA uses these funds to operate the PWSS 

program in Indian Country. Tribes with primacy 

for the drinking water program also receive 

financial support from PWSS funds. Currently, 

Navajo Nation is the only tribe with primacy for 

the drinking water program. These funds are 

used to implement the PWSS program, including 

activities such as: 

•	 improving capacity at tribal drinking water 

systems; 

• completing Source Water Assessments; 

• providing training to tribal operators; 

•	 compiling and analyzing compliance 

information; 

• responding to violations. 

In the 1996 Amendments to SDWA, an 

infrastructure funding program was established 

to improve water supplies. Each year, 1.5% of the 

appropriation for the national Drinking Water 

State Revolving Fund program is set aside for 

American Indian communities and Alaska Native 

Villages. The FY 2005 set-aside amounted to 

$12.648 million. These funds are used to improve 

the infrastructure of water systems serving Tribal 

populations to achieve compliance with drinking 

water standards. This includes projects such as: 

• distribution system improvements; 

• community water system extensions; 

• replacement of water mains; 

• adding new wells; 

• treatment improvements; 

• construction of new pumphouses; and 

• consolidation of public water systems. 

EPA’s Indian General Assistance Program builds 

tribal capacity by providing grants to plan, 

develop, and establish environmental protection 

programs, including drinking water programs. 

Finally, technical assistance and training for 

small tribally-owned or -operated public water 

systems are also provided. Through the 

cooperative agreements, small tribal public water 

systems receive information on training and 

technical assistance, wellhead and ground water 

protection, and source water protection. 

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 

In 2005, EPA Regions reported that 31% of the 

public water systems in Indian country did not 

report a violation of a health-based standard, a 

significant monitoring and reporting violation, or 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Section on Indian Country	 Page 25 • June 2008 
 

 

 

a significant consumer notification violation. This 

represents a decrease from 2004 when 38% of 

facilities did not report a violation of a healthbased standard, a significant monitoring and 

reporting violation, or a significant consumer 

notification violation. 

During 2005, there was a significant decrease in 

the total number of significant violations of 

monitoring and reporting requirements in Indian 

country (from 5,507 in 2004 to 1,223 in 2005). 

The significant number of monitoring and 

reporting violations in 2004 was mainly 

attributed to the triennial monitoring 

requirements for the Chemical Contaminant 

Group. 

EPA continues to implement two primary 

recommendations from previous reports: (1) 

improve collection and maintenance of 

compliance data for public water systems in 

Indian country; and (2) place a priority on 

decreasing the number of monitoring and 

reporting violations to gain a full understanding 

of whether health-based violations exist. EPA will 

accomplish these recommendations by: 

•	 maintaining the inventory of public water 

systems in Indian country; 

June 2008 • Page 26 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Section on Indian Country 
 

 

 

•	 focusing on the collection and entry into 

SDWIS/FED of compliance and enforcement 

data; 

•	 continuing to work with tribal governments, 

utility managers, and system operators to 

improve compliance with monitoring and 

reporting requirements, including the 

Consumer Confidence Rule, and with healthbased standards, particularly the Total 

Coliform Rule and Surface Water Treatment 

Rule; 

•	 In Indian country, where almost all public water 

systems are small, EPA will focus resources on 

ensuring compliance with the microbial rules 

and the standards for nitrates in drinking water 

through implementation of its new strategy for 

the FY05---07 Tribal National Compliance and 

Enforcement Priority. 

•	 maintaining EPA’s direct, on-site compliance 

assistance, including conducting more frequent 

sanitary surveys and targeting systems with 

repeat violations; and 

•	 continuing to support and encourage capital 

improvements for public water systems to 

improve the infrastructure (and therefore 

compliance with SDWA requirements) of public 

water systems in Indian country through the 

Drinking Water Tribal Infrastructure Grant 

Tribal Set-Aside Program. 

Ultimately, EPA continues to respond to 

compliance and enforcement issues at public 

water systems owned, operated, or managed by 

tribal governments in a manner consistent with 

SDWA, the EPA Indian Policy, and the EPA Tribal 

Enforcement Principles. Where compliance 

assistance is ineffective or where, among other 

things, there is a significant threat to human 

health or the environment, EPA will take 

appropriate steps to return systems to 

compliance, including formal enforcement 

actions. 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Section on Indian Country	 Page 27 • June 2008 

Appendix A 


Glossary of Terms 


 

 

 

Administrative Order 

Formal enforcement actions issued by EPA or a 

State to address noncompliance at a public water 

system, usually by means of a compliance 

schedule with enforceable milestone dates. 

Chemical Rules 

Refers collectively to regulations that protect the 

public from unsafe levels of organic chemicals, 

inorganic chemicals (including lead and copper), 

and radioactivity in drinking water. 

Community Water System 

A public water system that serves at least 15 

service connections used by year-round residents 

or regularly serves at least 25 year-round 

residents (e.g., homes, apartments and 

condominiums that are occupied year-round as 

primary residences). 

Consumer Confidence Rule (CCR) 

Requires community water systems to prepare 

and provide to their customers annual consumer 

confidence reports on the quality of the water 

delivered by the systems. 

Disinfection/Disinfectant 

By Product Rule (DBPR) 

Applies to community water systems and 

nontransient non-community systems, including 

those serving fewer than 10,000 people, that add 

a disinfectant to the drinking water during any 

part of the treatment process. The Stage 1 DBPR 

specifically addresses risks associated with 

disinfectants and disinfectant byproducts. This 

rule was published concurrently with the Interim 

Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule 

(IESWTR), which addresses control of microbial 

pathogens. 

Federally-recognized Indian Tribe 

An Indian tribe, band, nation, pueblo, 

community, or Alaska Native Village that the 

Secretary of the Interior acknowledges to exist as 

an Indian tribe pursuant to the Federally 

Recognized Indian Tribe List Act of 1994, 25 

U.S.C. Section 479a. Maintained by the 

Department of the Interior, the list of federallyrecognized tribes is updated periodically and 

published in the Federal Register. The latest list 

of federally-recognized Indian tribes is available at 

65 Federal Register 12398 (March 13, 2000). 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix A Page A-1 • June 2008 
 

 

 

Filter Backwash Recycle Rule (FBRR) 

Requires public water systems (PWSs) to review 

their backwash water recycling practices to 

ensure that they do not compromise microbial 

control. Under the FBRR, recycled filter 

backwash water, sludge thickener supernatant, 

and liquids from dewatering processes must be 

returned to a location such that all processes of a 

system's conventional or direct filtration including 

coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation 

(conventional filtration only) and filtration, are 

employed. Systems may apply to the State for 

approval to recycle at an alternate location. The 

Filter Backwash Rule applies to all public water 

systems, regardless of size. 

Health-based Violation 

A violation of either a Maximum Contaminant 

Level or a Treatment Technique requirement. 

Inorganic Chemicals 

These non-carbon based compounds (such as 

metals, nitrates, and asbestos) can either occur 

naturally in some sources of drinking water or be 

introduced by human activity. EPA has 

established MCLs for 15 inorganic contaminants. 

Violations of standards for lead and copper are 

addressed separately. 

Maximum Disinfectant 

Residual Level (MDRL) 

A level of a disinfectant added for water treatment 

that may not be exceeded at the consumer's tap 

without an unacceptable possibility of adverse 

health effect. 

Monitoring and Reporting Violation 

Refers to either a violation of a monitoring and 

reporting schedule or violation of contaminantspecific minimum testing schedules and 

operational reporting requirements. Those 

monitoring and reporting violations considered 

‘‘significant’’ for the purposes of the state and 

national public water system compliance reports 

are described below in Table A---1. 

Nitrate and Nitrite 

Inorganic compounds that can enter water 

supplies, primarily from fertilizer runoff, 

livestock farms, and sanitary wastewater 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment 

Rule (IESWTR) 

Applies to systems using surface water, or ground 

water under the direct influence of surface water, 

that serve 10,000 or more persons. The rule also 

includes provisions for states to conduct sanitary 

surveys for surface water systems regardless of 

system size. 

Large System 

A public water system that serves more than 

10,000 people. 

Lead and Copper Rule (LCR) 

Requires a public water system to take steps to 

minimize the risk of exposure to lead and copper 

in drinking water by monitoring for these 

contaminants, installing corrosion control where 

required, and, where necessary, educating the 

public about ways to reduce exposure. A system 

may also be required to treat its source water or 

replace lead service lines. 

Maximum Contaminant Level 

The maximum permissible level of a contaminant 

in water delivered to any user of a public water 

system. 

discharges. 

Non-transient Non-community Water System 

A non-community public water system that 

regularly serves at least 25 of the same persons 

over six months per year. A typical example of a 

non-transient non-community water system is a 

school or an office building that has its own water 

source, such as a drinking water well. 

Organic Chemicals 

These carbon-based compounds, such as solvents 

and pesticides, can enter drinking water through 

a variety of means, including factory discharges 

or runoff from crop lands. EPA has established 

MCLs for 56 organic contaminants. 

Primacy 

The Safe Drinking Water Act requires EPA, 

States, and Tribes to work as partners to ensure 

delivery of safe drinking water to the public. Any 

State or Indian Tribe can request responsibility 

for operation and oversight of the drinking water 
 

 

program within its borders. In order to receive 

this responsibility (called ‘‘primary enforcement 

authority’’ or ‘‘primacy’’), a State or Tribe must 

show that, among other things, it has adopted 

drinking water regulations that are at least as 

stringent as Federal regulations, and demonstrate 

its capacity both to enforce those regulations and 

to implement other activities necessary to ensure 

compliance. 

In the absence of State or Tribal primacy, EPA 

assumes responsibility for administering the 

drinking water program for that area. Of the 56 

eligible States (defined to include 

Commonwealths, Territories, and the District of 

Columbia), all but Wyoming and the District of 

Columbia have primacy. During calendar year 

2001, the EPA Regional Offices administered the 

drinking water program within these two 

jurisdictions and on all Tribal lands, except for 

the Navajo Nation. 

Primary Drinking Water Regulations 

These are regulations that apply to public water 

systems; specify contaminants which, in the 

judgment of the Administrator, may have an 

adverse effect on the health of persons; and 

specify for each such contaminant either a 

maximum contaminant level or a treatment 

technique. 

Public Water System (PWS) 

A system for the provision to the public of water 

for human consumption through pipes or other 

constructed conveyances, if such system has at 

least 15 service connections or regularly serves at 

least 25 individuals at least 60 days out of the 

year. A public water system can be either a 

community water system, a non-transient 

noncommunity water system, or a transient 

noncommunity water system. 

Radionuclides 

Radioactive particles, such as radium-226, 

radium-228, gross alpha, and beta 

particle/photon radioactivity, can occur naturally 

in water or may result from human activity. EPA 

has established MCLs for uranium, beta/photon 

emitters, alpha emitters, and combined radium 

226/228. 

Regional Offices 

Responsible for implementing Environmental 

Protection Agency programs within their 

respective jurisdictions. Regional Offices 

cooperate with Federal, State, interstate, and 

local agencies, as well as with industry, academic 

institutions, and other private groups to ensure 

that Regional needs are addressed and that 

Federal environmental laws are upheld. 

Small Systems 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix A Page A-1 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Public water systems that serve no more than 

Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) 

The Surface Water Treatment Rule requires a 

public water system served by surface water or by 

ground water under the influence of surface water 

to take steps (such as disinfection, filtration 

followed by disinfection, or watershed control) to 

reduce potential exposure to microbiological 

contamination. 

Total Coliform Rule (TCR) 

Establishes limits on coliform bacteria in water 

distribution systems. Although coliform bacteria, 

which are found in decaying organic material and 

in the intestinal tract of humans and animals, are 

usually not harmful to human health, their 

presence may indicate the presence of other, 

more dangerous microbial contamination. 

SDWIS/FED 

EPA’s database for collecting safe drinking water 

monitoring results from oversight agencies. 

SDWIS stands for Safe Drinking Water 

Information System. Public Water Systems are 

required to report all monitoring results to the 

primary enforcement authority. States with 

primacy, or EPA where it administers the 

program, analyze the monitoring results, 

determine compliance, and report violations to 

EPA on a quarterly basis. EPA maintains records 

of these violations in SDWIS/FED. SDWIS/FED 

records only violations, not results that 

demonstrate compliance with drinking water 

standards. 

3,300 people. 

Total Trihalomethanes 

These chemicals can be by-products of chemical 

processes used to disinfect drinking water. 

Transient Non-community Water System 

A non-community water system that regularly 

serves at least 25 people (but not the same 25) 

over six months per year. A typical example is a 

campground or a highway rest stop that has its 

own water source, such as a drinking water well. 

Treatment Technique 

In cases where EPA has determined it is not 

technically or economically feasible to establish 

an MCL, the Agency can instead specify a 

treatment technique. These are treatment 

methods required by EPA to minimize the level of 

a contaminant in drinking water. 

Variances and Exemptions 

A public water system that cannot comply with a 

drinking water standard because of poor source 

water quality, or, in the case of small systems, 

inadequate financial resources, can be granted a 

variance to comply with less stringent, but still 

protective standards based on a specific EPAapproved technology available to the system. An 

exemption allows a PWS with compelling 

circumstances (including economic 

considerations) additional time to achieve 

compliance with applicable SDWA requirements, 

so long as public health is adequately protected. 

June 2008 • Page A-2 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix A 
 

 

TABLE A-1: SIGNIFICANT MONITORING VIOLATIONS FOR 


ANNUAL STATE PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM REPORTS 


Rule Violation Type Description 

SDWIS 

Violation Code1 

SDWIS Contaminant 

Code 

Major routine No samples collected during a 

compliance period 23 3100 

Total Coliform Rule 

Major repeat 

No follow-up samples collected 

after a positive total coliform 

sample or no speciation 

25 3100 

Surface Water 

Major (filtered) 

Collected less than 90% of 

samples required during a 

compliance period 

36 None 

Treatment Rule 

Major (unfiltered) 

Collected less than 90% of 

samples required during a 

compliance period 

31 None 

Lead and 

Copper Rule 

Initial lead and 

copper tap 

Either failed to collect the initial 

tap samples, and then failed to 

correct that omission within a) 3 

months for large systems, b) 6 

months for medium systems, or 

c) 12 months for small systems; 

or failed to submit the associated 

report 

51 

Follow-up or 

routine lead and 

copper tap 

Failed to collect 1 or more 

required samples 52 

C 

h 

e 

m 

Phase I, II, IIB, 

and V Rules 

Regular 

monitoring 

Failed to collect any required 

samples2 03 By contaminant 

Total 

Trihalomethanes 

Regular 

monitoring 

Failed to collect any required 

samples 03 2950 

Radionuclides Regular 

monitoring 

Failed to collect any required 

samples 03 4000, 4100, 4010 

1 	 EPA’s Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS/FED) makes no distinction between the sampling violations and the reporting 

violations associated with a sample collection requirement. Both violations are reported under the same violation code. 

Failure to collect ‘‘any required sample’’ means none of the required samples were collected. 

2 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix A Page A-3 • June 2008 
Applicability of Regulations 

TABLE A-2: SUMMARY OF DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS FOR 


PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS DURING 2004
 

Contaminant/Rule 

Organic Contaminants 

Total Trihalomethanes 


Contaminants (TTHM) 


Inorganic Contaminants 


(IOCs) 


Nitrate and Nitrite 


Contaminants 


Radionuclides 


Contaminants 


Total Coliform Rule 


Surface Water Treatment 


Lead and Copper Rule 


Interim Enhanced Surface 


Water Treatment Rule
 

Stage 1 


Disinfectant/Disinfection 


By-Product Rule
 

Filter Backwash Recycling 


Rule 


Community Water Systems 

All 

All PWS, using surface water or
 

ground water under the direct 


influence of surface water 


(GWUDI), which disinfect their
 

water (a.k.a. Subpart H systems)
 

All 


All 


All 


All 


Some 


Only PWS using surface water or
 

GWUDI 


All 


For sanitary surveys all PWS 


using surface water or GWUDI;
 

for other requirements those 


systems serving 10,000 or more 


people 


All PWS adding a disinfectant to 


the drinking water 


Conventional or direct filtration 


PWS using surface water or 


GWUDI and recycle spent filter 


backwash, thickener 


supernatant, or liquids from
 

dewatering processes 


Non-Transient Non-


Community Water Systems 


All (Note: acrylamide and 


epichlorohydrin do not have 


MCLs and only have 


treatment techniques) 


All PWS, using surface water 


or GWUDI, which disinfect 


their water (a.k.a. Subpart H 


systems) 


Prior to the 2001 Arsenic 


Rule, all IOCs except for
 

arsenic. After the 2001 


Arsenic Rule all IOCs. 


All 


None 


All 


Some 


Only PWS using surface water 


or GWUDI 


All 


For sanitary surveys all PWS 


using surface water or 


GWUDI; for other 


requirements those systems 


serving 10,000 or more 


people 


All PWS adding disinfectant 


to the drinking water 


Conventional or direct 


filtration PWS using surface 


water or GWUDI and recycle 


spent filter backwash, 


thickener supernatant, or 


liquids from dewatering 


processes 


Transient Non-Community 


Water Systems 


None 


All PWS, using surface water 


or GWUDI, which disinfect 


their water (a.k.a. Subpart H 


systems) 


None 


All 

None 

All 


Some 


Only PWS using surface water 


or GWUDI 


None 


For sanitary surveys all PWS 


using surface water or 


GWUDI; for other 


requirements those systems 


serving 10,000 or more 


people 


Those PWS using chlorine 


dioxide 


Conventional or direct 


filtration PWS using surface 


water or GWUDI and recycle 


spent filter backwash, 


thickener supernatant, or 


liquids from dewatering 


processes 


Public Notification All All All 

Consumer Confidence Rule All None None 
2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix A Page A-5 • June 2008 
Appendix B 


Summaries of State Annual 


Compliance Reports 


 

 

CONTENTS 

Alabama.................................................................B-7 


Alaska....................................................................B-8 


American Samoa .....................................................B-9 


Arizona.................................................................B-10 


Arkansas ..............................................................B-11 


California..............................................................B-12 


Colorado ..............................................................B-13 


Connecticut ..........................................................B-14 


Delaware .............................................................B-15 


District of Columbia ..............................................B-16 


Florida ................................................................B-17 


Georgia ...............................................................B-18 


Guam ..................................................................B-19 


Hawaii ................................................................B-20 


Idaho ..................................................................B-21 


Illinois .................................................................B-22 


Indiana ................................................................B-23 


Iowa ...................................................................B-24 


Kansas ................................................................B-25 


Kentucky .............................................................B-26 


Louisiana .............................................................B-27 


Maine .................................................................B-28 


Maryland .............................................................B-29 


Massachusetts .....................................................B-30 


Michigan .............................................................B-31 


Minnesota ............................................................B-32 


Mississippi ...........................................................B-33 


Missouri ..............................................................B-34 


Montana ..............................................................B-35 


Nebraska .............................................................B-36 


Nevada ...............................................................B-37 


New Hampshire ...................................................B-38 


New Jersey ..........................................................B-39 


New Mexico .........................................................B-40 


New York .............................................................B-41 


North Carolina ......................................................B-42 


North Dakota .......................................................B-43 


Northern Mariana Islands ......................................B-44 


Ohio ....................................................................B-45 


Oklahoma ............................................................B-46 


Oregon ................................................................B-47 


Pennsylvania ........................................................B-48 


Puerto Rico ..........................................................B-49 


Rhode Island ........................................................B-50 


South Carolina .....................................................B-51 


South Dakota .......................................................B-52 


Tennessee ...........................................................B-53 


Texas ..................................................................B-54 


Utah ...................................................................B-55 


Vermont ..............................................................B-56 


Virgin Islands .......................................................B-57 


Virginia ................................................................B-58 


Washington .........................................................B-59 


West Virginia .......................................................B-60 


Wisconsin ............................................................B-61 


Wyoming ............................................................B-62 


2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-1 June 2008 

 

 

 

 

 

__________ 

This Appendix presents a summary of each state 

report in a standardized format. The format 

includes an overall summary of the violations 

data specified in Section 1414 of the 1996 Safe 

Drinking Water Act (SDWA) Amendments (i.e., 

violations with respect to maximum contaminant 

levels (MCLs), treatment technique violations, 

significant monitoring and reporting 

requirements, significant notification violations, 

and variances and exemptions). 

This Appendix summarizes the data reported by the 

States, but does not interpret it. Therefore, other 

factors must be taken into account before drawing 

conclusions about a State program. For example, 

public water systems are required to report all 

violations to the State, but State drinking water 

programs vary in the regulations they choose to 

emphasize. A State that decided to focus attention 

and resources on one particular rule may have 

discovered and reported many more violations of 

that rule than a State that chose to focus on a 

different rule. A disproportionate number of 

violations in a State could also indicate that the 

State needs to work with its public water systems to 

improve their compliance. Readers are cautioned to 

view the violations data provided in the State 

summaries within the context of each State and its 

individual drinking water program 

In 2005, EPA received State Public Water System 

Compliance Reports from 43 of the 57 primacy 

states, Commonwealths, Territories, and tribes. 

As in past years, American Samoa, Guam, and 

the Northern Mariana Islands did not submit 

reports, and, with limited exceptions, did not 

supply information to SDWIS/FED. EPA did not 

receive a report from Arizona, Georgia, 

Massachusetts, New Jersey, the Virgin Islands, 

and the Navajo Nation. Appendix B supplies what 

information is available in SDWIS/FED to indicate 

violations at public water systems in the Pacific 

territories. Because the District of Columbia, 

Wyoming, and most Indian Tribes did not have 

primary enforcement responsibility for drinking 

water in calendar year 2005, EPA prepared 

reports for those jurisdictions. 

Violations for 2005 

EPA summarizes the number of MCL/MDRL, 

treatment technique, and significant monitoring 

and reporting violations1 reported by each state in 

six categories: 

•	 Violations of chemical contaminant 

requirements2 

•	 Violations of the Total Coliform Rule 

•	 Violations of the Surface Water Treatment 

Rule, Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, Long Term Enhanced 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

•	 Violations of the Lead and Copper Rule 

•	 Significant Notification or Consumer 

Confidence Rule Violation 

•	 Violations of the Disinfection/Disinfectant 

Byproducts Rule 

EPA summarizes the numbers of individual 

public water systems in violation in each of these 

five categories, as reported by the state. If a state’s 

report did not include information in a category, 

EPA’s summary notes the omission. 

2005 Totals 

EPA also summarizes the total number of 

systems in each state, the total number of 

significant violations reported, and the total 

number of PWSs in violation, if the state reported 

this information. When states did not provide 

information on the total number of public water 

systems, EPA supplied that information from the 

SDWIS/FED. 

Systems in Violation 

Systems in Violation is defined as the number of 

different systems with a reported violation of this 

type. Some states counted a system with multiple 

violations or violations in more than one category 

as one violating system. Other states counted a 

violating 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B	 Page B-3 June 2008 
 

 

1 A comprehensive definition of significant monitoring and reporting violations including exceptions to the definition for the Total 

Coliform Rule and Lead and Copper Rule appears in Appendix A.

2 MCL and significant monitoring violations for organic, inorganic, total trihalomethane (TTHM), nitrate and nitrite, and radionuclide 

contaminants. 

system each time it had a violation, or once for 

each of the regulatory categories in which it had a 

violation. If EPA’s review of a state’s report 

indicated some violating systems were counted 

more than once, an asterisk notes that the state’s 

number possibly overcounts violating systems 

Variances and Exemptions 

No states reported a violation of a variance or 

exemption in 2005. 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual Public 

Water Systems Report 

If a state’s report includes information on how to 

obtain a copy of the report, that information is 

provided on the state summary page in this 

Appendix. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table B-­-1: Summary of Elements Reported by States 

Identified 

Reported on Violation Identified Discussed Each Provided

Categories Size and Compliance System Information

Provided Type of and with MCL to Public Provided

Submitted Reported Inventory Violating Enforcement and TT on Additional

State Report on V/E Information Systems Responses Availability Information 1
 

Alabama 

CCR MCL M/R TT Violations 

x x x x x x x x x 

Alaska x x x x x x x x x x x x 

American Did not submit report. Samoa 

Arizona Did not submit report. 

Arkansas x x x x x x x x x x x x 

California x x x x x x x x x x x 

Colorado x x x x x x x x x x 

Connecticut x x x x x x x x x x 

Delaware x x x x x x x x x 

District of x x x x x x x x x x x Columbia 

Florida x x x x x x x x 

Georgia Did not submit report. 

Guam Did not submit report. 

Hawaii x x x x x x x x x x x 

Idaho x x x x x x x x x x x 

Illinois x x x x x x x x x x x 

Indiana x x x x x x x x x x x x 

Iowa x x x x x x x x x x x x 

Kansas x x x x x x x x x x x 

Kentucky x x x x x x x x x 

Louisiana x x x x x x 

Maine x x x x x x x x 

Maryland x x x x x x x x x x x x 

Massachusetts Did not submit report. 

Michigan x x x x x x x x x x x 

Minnesota x x x x x x x x x x 

Mississippi x x x x x x x x x x 

Missouri x x x x x x x x x x 

Montana x x x x x x x x x 

Nebraska x x x x x x x x x x 

Nevada x x x x x x x x x 

New
 x x x x x x x x x x x x Hampshire 

New Jersey Did not submit report. 

New Mexico x x x x x x x x x x x 

1. An "x" in this column indicates the state submitted more information in its report than the minimum EPA recommends in guidance. 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-5 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table B-­-1: Summary of Elements Reported by States 

State 

Submitted 

Report 

Reported on Violation 

Categories 

Reported 

on V/E 

Provided 

Inventory 

Information 

Identified 

Size and 

Type of 

Violating 

Systems 

Discussed 

Compliance 

and 

Enforcement 

Responses 

Identified 

Each 

System 

with MCL 

and TT 

Violations 

Provided 

Information 

to Public 

on 

Availability 

Provided 

Additional 

Information 1 CCR MCL M/R TT 

New York x x x x x x x x x x 

North Carolina x x x x x x x x x 

North Dakota x x x x x x x x x x 

Northern 

Mariana 

Islands 

Did not submit report. 

Ohio x x x x x x x x x x 

Oklahoma x x x x x x x x x x 

Oregon x x x x x x x x 

Pennsylvania x x x x x x x x x x x 

Puerto Rico x x x x x x x x x x 

Rhode Island x x x x x x x x 

South Carolina x x x x x x x x x x x 

South Dakota x x x x x x x x x 

Tennessee x x x x x x x x x x x 

Texas x x x x x x x x x x 

Utah x x x x x 

Vermont x x x x x x x x x x x 

Virgin Islands Did not submit report. 

Virginia x x x x x x x x x 

Washington x x x x x x x x x x x x 

West Virginia x x x x x x x x x x x 

Wisconsin x x x x x x x x 

Wyoming x x x x x x x x x 

1. An "x" in this column indicates the state submitted more information in its report than the minimum EPA recommends in guidance. 

June 2008 • Page B-6 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Alabama 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 11* 5 278* 35 

Total Coliform Rule 21 20 42 24 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule NR NR 11 11 

Consumer Confidence Report 9 9 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 10 5 5 2 16 14 

*Also includes Disinfection Byproducts Rule violations, which are set out separately below. 

**Possible overcounting of violating systems 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 

643 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 

NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 

377 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Alabama’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

ADEM 

Drinking Water Branch 

PO Box 301463 

Montgomery, AL 36130-1463 

Email: tsd@adem.state .al.us 

Website: http://www.adem.state.al.us 

Reports can be reviewed at the ADEM field offices in Birmingham, Decatur, and Mobile. 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-7 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Alaska 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 4 3 1,724 190 

Total Coliform Rule 42 32 740 416 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

228 80 186 38 

Lead and Copper Rule 9 9 264 167 

Consumer Confidence Report 191 133 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 64 25 6 3 229 69 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,549 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 677 

Total Number of 

Violations 3,687 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Alaska’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

ADEC 

Drinking Water Program 

555 Cordova Street 

Anchorage, AK 99501 

Web Site: http://www.dec.state.ak.us/eh/dw/dwmain/violations.html 

June 2008 • Page B-8 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of American Samoa 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 16 6 0 0 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

5 5 15 5 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 0 0 

Consumer Confidence Report 0 0 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 NR NR 0 0 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 19 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 36 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

American Samoa did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED. 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-9 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Arizona 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 49 37* 430 393* 

Total Coliform Rule 122 90 1,391 537 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

10 10 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 1,344 623 

Consumer Confidence Report 574 260 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 19 7 NR NR 1,079 470 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,621 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 5,018 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Arizona did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED. 

June 2008 • Page B-10 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Arkansas 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 20 7* 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 73 66 166 125 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

236 37 49 22 

Lead and Copper Rule 10 7 55 43 

Consumer Confidence Report 42 42 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 83 40 25 12* 45 37 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,103** 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 302 

Total Number of 

Violations 804 

**The total number of regulated systems stated in the introduction to the report (1,103) differs from the total number stated in 

a later section of the report (1,097). 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Arkansas’ State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

Arkansas Department of Health & Human Services 

Engineering Section 

P.O Box 1437, Slot H37
 

Little Rock, AR 72203-1437
 

Web Site: http://www.healthyarkansas.com/eng/viol.htm 


Attention: David Quattlebaum, Compliance/Enforcement Officer 


Telephone: (501) 661-2623
 

Fax: (501) 661-2032
 

Email: david.quattlebaum@arkansas.gov 


Arkansas' State Report is also available at all local health units in Arkansas. 


2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-11 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of California 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 108 71** 142 122** 

Total Coliform Rule 643 475** 725 583** 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

70 41** 17 14** 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 17 15 

Consumer Confidence Report 213 210 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 98 52** 2 1 170 163** 

* State combines the number of systems in violation for both MCL and monitoring violations. 

** Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 7,742 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 2,205 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

California’s State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting: 

Department of Health Services 

Web site: http://www.dhs.ca.gov/ps/ddwem/publications/pubindex.htm 

Telephone: (916) 449-5600 

June 2008 • Page B-12 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Colorado 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 9 8 307 287 

Total Coliform Rule 44 42 458 325 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

63 34 92 25 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 71 68 

Consumer Confidence Report 48 48 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 64 19 7 7 162 58* 

*Two charts in report show that there were 58 systems in violation, however, the written report states that there are 158 

Systems in violation. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,975 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 1,325 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Colorado’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment 

Water Quality Control Division 

Attention: Annual Compliance Report 

CADM-B2 

4300 Cherry Creek Drive South 

Denver, CO 80246 

Lori Gerzina 

WQCD Compliance Assurance & Data Management Unit 

Telephone: (303) 692-3587 

Email: lori.gerzina@state.co.us 

Web Site: http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/wq/drinkingwater/index.html 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-13 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Connecticut 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 51 16* 3,749 351* 

Total Coliform Rule 393 220 1,247 586 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

NR NR NR NR 

Lead and Copper Rule 12 12 47 46 

Consumer Confidence Report 249 167 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 10 5 4 1 117 36 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 2,745 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 5,879 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Connecticut’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

Drinking Water Section offices 

Department of Public Health 

450 Capitol Avenue 

Hartford, CT 06106-1365 

Web Site: http://www.dph.state.ct.us/BRS/Water/DWD.htm 

Telephone: (860) 509-7333 

June 2008 • Page B-14 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Delaware 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 29 19** 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 52* 44* 0 0 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 18 11 

Consumer Confidence Report 22 13 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 NR NR 0 0 

* The state report gives different counts in several tables in the report. Counts from the summary table are shown here. 

**Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 541 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 86 

Total Number of 

Violations 121 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Delaware’s State Report is available by contacting: 

Office of Drinking Water 

Division of Public Health 

Blue Hen Corporate Center 

655 Bay Road, Suite 203 

Dover, DE 19901 

Telephone: (302) 741-8630 

Fax: (302) 741-8631 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-15 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

District of Columbia 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 1** 1 

Total Coliform Rule 0 0 0 0 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 1 1 0 0 

Consumer Confidence Report 1 1 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 0 0 2* 1 

*The DBP monitoring violations occurred in 2004, but were discovered/issued in 2005. 


**The monitoring violation for the SOC glyphosate occurred in 2003, but was discovered during 2005. 


Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 6 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 2 

Total Number of 

Violations 5 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

District of Columbia's State Report is available by contacting: 

Karen D. Johnson, Chief
 

Ground Water and Enforcement Branch (3WP32) 


U.S. EPA Region III 

1650 Arch Street 

Philadelphia, PA 19103-2029 

Phone: (215) 814-5445 

Fax: (215) 814-2302 

E-mail: johnson.karend@epa.gov 

Website: http://www.epa.gov/reg3wapd/drinkingwater/DCdrinking/index.htm 

June 2008 • Page B-16 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Florida 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 601 236* 307 294* 

Total Coliform Rule 227 208 600 524 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

3 1 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 84 82 

Consumer Confidence Report 154 154 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule NR NR NR NR NR NR 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 6,103 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 1,184 

Total Number of 

Violations 1,976 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Florida’s State Report is available by accessing the state's web site: 

Website: http://www.dep.state.fl.us/water/drinkingwater 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-17 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Georgia 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 12 9* 29 1 

Total Coliform Rule 115 90 479 318 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

1 1 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 3 3 538 446 

Consumer Confidence Report 772 693 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 15 9 NR NR 31 31 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 2,451 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 1,995 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Georgia did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED. 

June 2008 • Page B-18 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Guam 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 0 0 0 0 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 2 2 

Consumer Confidence Report 0 0 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 NR NR 0 0 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 13 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 2 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Guam did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED. 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-19 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Hawaii 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 3 3 1 1 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

28 4 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 4 4 

Consumer Confidence Report 0 0 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 8 3 0 0 3 2 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 131 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 14 

Total Number of 

Violations 47 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Hawaii’s State Report is available by contacting: 

Hawaii Department of Health 

Safe Drinking Water Branch 

Environmental Management Division 

919 Ala Moana Boulevard, Room 308 

Honolulu, HI 96814-4920 

Attention: Stuart Yamada, P.E., Chief 

Telephone: (808) 586-4258 

Fax: (808) 586-4351 

E-mail: bwong@eha.health.state.hi.us 

June 2008 • Page B-20 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Idaho 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 37 17 101 89 

Total Coliform Rule 159 131 376 292 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

36 16 21 5 

Lead and Copper Rule 2 2 76 57 

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 2 2 0 0 77 48 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 2,018 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 596 

Total Number of 

Violations 887 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Idaho’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

Idaho Department of Environmental Quality’s six regional offices or the state’s seven district health departments 

Web Site: http://www.deq.state.id.us/water/data_reports/drinking_water/acr_04.pdfs 

DEQ Regional Offices and District Health Departments 

North Idaho Southwest Idaho South Central Idaho Eastern Idaho 

Coeur d'Alene Regional Office Boise Regional Office Twin Falls Regional Office Idaho Falls Regional Office 2110 Ironwood Parkway 1445 North Orchard 601 Pole Line Road, Suite 2 900 N. Skyline, Suite B Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814 Boise, ID 83706-2239 Twin Falls, ID 83301 Idaho Falls, ID 83402 

(208) 769-1422 (208) 373-0550 (208) 736-2190 (208) 528-2650 

Health District 1 Health District 3 Health District 5 Health District 7 

Panhandle Health District Dept. Southwest District Health Dept. South Central District Health Dept. District Seven Health Dept. 322 Marion 920 Main Street 1020 Washington Street North 254 "E" Street 

Sandpoint, ID 83864 Caldwell, ID 83605 Twin Falls, ID 83301 Idaho Falls, ID 83402 

(208) 265-6384 (208) 455-5403 (208) 734-5900, Ext. 213 (208) 523-5382 

North Central Idaho Health District 4 Southeast Idaho 

Lewiston Regional Office Central District Health Dept. Pocatello Regional Office 1118 F Street 707 North Armstrong Place 444 Hospital Way, #300 Lewiston, ID 83501 Boise, ID 83704 Pocatello, ID 83201 

(208) 799-4370 (208) 327-8522 (208) 236-6160 

Health District 2 Health District 6 

North Central District Health Dept. Southeastern District Health Dept. 215 10th Street 1901 Alvin Ricken Drive 

Lewiston, ID 83501 Pocatello, ID 83201-2727 

(208) 799-3100 (208) 233-9080, Ext. 320 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-21 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Illinois 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 401 106* 3,682 279* 

Total Coliform Rule 101 91 162 126 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

23 14 15 3 

Lead and Copper Rule 14 14 260 192 

Consumer Confidence Report 179 143 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 57 18 23 7 160 94 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 6,012 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 724 

Total Number of 

Violations 5,077 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Illinois’ State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting: 

Illinois EPA 

Bureau of Water, Compliance Assurance Section 

1021 North Grand Ave 

PO Box 19276 

Springfield, IL 62794 

Contact: Mike Crumly 

Telephone: (217) 785-0561 

Fax: (217) 557-1407 

Web Site: http://www.epa.state.il.us/water/compliance/drinking-water/compliance-report/index.html 

June 2008 • Page B-22 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Indiana 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 48 33* 2,047 362* 

Total Coliform Rule 409 359 1,346 978 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

13 6 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 9 8 108 62 

Consumer Confidence Report 32 24 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 38 13 NR NR 29 17 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 4,395 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 1,555 

Total Number of 

Violations 4,079 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Indiana's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting: 

Indiana Department of Environmental Management 

Office of Water Management 

Drinking Water Branch 

Web Site: http://www.in.gov/idem/compliance/water/drinkingwater/compeval 

Telephone: (317) 308-3280 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-23 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Iowa 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 129 54 497 169 

Total Coliform Rule 174 105 356 221 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

3 2 4 2 

Lead and Copper Rule 47 39 35 18 

Consumer Confidence Report 35 35 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 0 0 56 25 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 2,047 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 612* 

Total Number of 

Violations 1,377** 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 


** The total violations indicated in the report (1,377) differs from the calculated total (1,336). 


Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Iowa's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting: 

Iowa Department of Natural Resources - Water Supply 

401 SW 7th St., Suite M 

Des Moines, IA 50309-4611 

Web Site: http://www.iowadnr.com/water/drinking/reports.html 

Telephone: (515) 725-0348 

June 2008 • Page B-24 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Kansas 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 45 28*† 6* 6* 

Total Coliform Rule 31 30 44 36 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

8 3 8* 3* 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 3 3 

Consumer Confidence Report 108 108 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 353 102 110 36 10 10 

* The state report presents different counts in the summary and in data tables. Counts from the summary are shown here. 

† Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,053 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 338 

Total Number of 

Violations 738 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Kansas’ State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

Kansas Department of Health and Environment 

Bureau of Water 

1000 SW Jackson, Suite 420 

Topeka, KS 66612-1367 

Web Site: http://www.kdheks.gov/pws/ 

Attention: Patti J. Croy 

Telephone: (785) 296-3016 

Fax: (785) 296-5509 

E-mail: pcroy@kdhe.state.ks.us 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-25 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commonwealth of Kentucky 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 1 1 63 15 

Total Coliform Rule 21 14 28 17 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

24 10 27 11 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 140 106 

Consumer Confidence Report 87 67 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 107 40 47 20 98 62 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems NR 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 643 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Kentucky’s State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting: 


Contact Name: Frank Hall 


Telephone: (502) 564-2225 ext. 542
 

Website: http://www.water.ky.gov/dw/consumer/acr/ 


June 2008 • Page B-26 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Louisiana 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 165* 136** 40* 35** 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

7* 4* 3 2 

Lead and Copper Rule NR NR NR NR 

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 344* 123** NR NR 141* 97** 

* The state report presents different counts in the summary and in data tables. Counts from the summary are shown here. 

** Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems ~1,600 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 426 

Total Number of 

Violations 779† 

† The total violations indicated in the report (779) differs from the calculated total (700). 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Louisiana’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site. 

Website: http://www.dhh.la.gov 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-27 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Maine 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 17 15* 456 311* 

Total Coliform Rule 290 209 1,375 667 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

1 1 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 26 25 115 92 

Consumer Confidence Report 38 30 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 88 29 NR NR 5 3 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 2,125 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 2,411 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Maine’s State Report is available by contacting: 

Maine Drinking Water Program 

Attention: Carlton Gardner, Compliance and Enforcement Team Leader 

Telephone: (207) 287-8403 

Fax: (207) 287-4172 

June 2008 • Page B-28 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Maryland 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 19 18* 43 42 

Total Coliform Rule 327 284* 170 97 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

19 13* 1 1 

Lead and Copper Rule 26 25 98 95* 

Consumer Confidence Report 20 20 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 8 4 NR NR 5 5 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 3,629 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 736 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Maryland’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site: 

Website: http://www.mde.state.md.us 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-29 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commonwealth of Massachusetts 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 1 1 

Total Coliform Rule 36 32 31 17 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

5 4 19 1 

Lead and Copper Rule 13 12 72 63 

Consumer Confidence Report 2 1 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 NR NR 1 1 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,712 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 180 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Massachusetts did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED. 

June 2008 • Page B-30 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Michigan 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 17 16 696* 523 

Total Coliform Rule 390 350 1,138 924 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

2 1 1 1 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 330 268 

Consumer Confidence Report 51 50 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 7 2 1 1 17 10 

*State reports different totals in summary and detail tables. Totals from the summary table are included here. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 11,686 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 1,834** 

Total Number of 

Violations 2,824† 

† The total number of violations in the report (2,824) differs from the calculated total (2,811) because public notification 


violations are included in the report total. 


**Includes systems with public notification violations. 


Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Michigan’s State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting: 

Mr. Dan Dettweiler 

Telephone: (517) 241-1373 

E-mail: dettweid@michigan.gov 

Ms. Kris Philip 

Telephone: (517) 241-1238 

E-mail: philipk@michigan.gov 

Web Site: http://www.michigan.gov/deq; Click on Water, then Drinking Water, then Community Water Supply. 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-31 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Minnesota 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 37 37* NR NR 

Total Coliform Rule 277 273* 80 66 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

12 11* 25 16* 

Lead and Copper Rule 24 24* NR NR 

Consumer Confidence Report 27 25 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 2 2 NR NR NR NR 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 7,430 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 484 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Minnesota’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site: 


Web Site: http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/eh/water/com/dwar/report05.html 


June 2008 • Page B-32 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Mississippi 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 63 50 50 39 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 30 24 

Consumer Confidence Report 720 511 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems NR 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 863 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Mississippi’s State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting: 

Mississippi Department of Health 

Bureau of Public Water Supply 

570 East Woodrow Wilson Ave., Ste. U-241 

Jackson, MS 39215-1700 

Contact Name: Melissa Parker 

Email: mparker@msdh.state.ms.us 

Telephone: 601-576-7518 

Fax: 601-576-7522 

Website: http://www.msdh.state.ms.us 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-33 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Missouri 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 159 27* 368 328* 

Total Coliform Rule 445 308 787 444 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

25 12 1 1 

Lead and Copper Rule 1 1 126 124 

Consumer Confidence Report 142 142 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 112 27 16 10 0 0 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 2,741 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 2,182 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Missouri’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

Missouri Department of Natural Resources 

Public Drinking Branch 

Water Protection Program 

P.O. Box 176 

Jefferson City, MO 65102 

Web Site: http://www.dnr.mo.gov/env/wpp/dw-index.htm 

Telephone: (800) 361-4827 or (573) 751-5331 

June 2008 • Page B-34 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Montana 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 28 16* 2,162 375* 

Total Coliform Rule 209 160 1,223 651 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

15 7 54 21 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 65 48 

Consumer Confidence Report 98 98 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 NR NR 60 60 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 2,069 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 3,914 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Montana’s State Report is available by contacting: 

Montana Department of Environmental Quality 

P.O. Box 200901 

Helena, MT 59620-0901 

Telephone: (406) 444-4071 

John Camden, Compliance Section Supervisor 

Public Water Supply Section 

Jon Dilliard, Bureau Chief 

Public Water & Subdivisions Bureau 

Permitting & Compliance Division 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-35 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Nebraska 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 171 91* 31 31* 

Total Coliform Rule 212 155* 134 119 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

0 0 1 1 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 0 0 

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 1 1 NR NR 0 0 

* Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,344 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 436 

Total Number of 

Violations 588** 

**The total violations indicated in the report (588) differs from the calculated total (550). 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Nebraska’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services Regulation and Licensure 

301 Centennial Mall South 

PO Box 95007 

Lincoln, NE 68509 

Attention: Jo Ann Wagner 

Web Site: http://www.hhs.state.ne.us/enh/pwsindex.htm 

Telephone: (402) 471-2541 

Fax: (402) 471-6436 

E-mail: joann.wagner@hhss.ne.gov 

Nebraska's State Report is also available through the Nebraska Library Commission. 

June 2008 • Page B-36 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Nevada 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 3* 3* 454 131 

Total Coliform Rule 206* 141* * * 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 14* 12* * * 

Consumer Confidence Report 70 70 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 198* 41* * * * * 

* The report indicates violations by rule but does not always break them down by MCL/TT and monitoring violations. 

Violations are shown under the appropriate rule but may include both categories. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 587 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 214 

Total Number of 

Violations 815** 

** The total violations indicated in the report (815) differs from the calculated total (945). 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Nevada publishes its ACR and distributes it to the county libraries in the State. 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-37 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of New Hampshire 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 85 37* 447 62* 

Total Coliform Rule 211 164 215 177 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

6 4 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 6 5 23 23 

Consumer Confidence Report 37 34 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 42 17 2 1 26 10 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 2,410 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 1,100 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

New Hampshire’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services 

Water Division, Water Supply Engineering Bureau 

29 Hazen Drive 

P.O. Box 95 

Concord, NH 03301 

Web Site: http://www.des.state.nh.us/wseb 

Attention: Laurie Cullerot 

Telephone: (603) 271-2954 

E-mail: lcullerot@des.state.nh.us 

June 2008 • Page B-38 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of New Jersey 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 46 33* 93 90 

Total Coliform Rule 150 106 1,122 748 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 862 613 

Consumer Confidence Report 0 0 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 19 12 NR NR 4 4 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 4,154 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 2,296 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

New Jersey did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED. 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-39 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of New Mexico 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

Violations Category 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 79 32* NR NR 

Total Coliform Rule 139 116 206 157 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

43 13 7 3 

Lead and Copper Rule 1 1 210 161* 

Consumer Confidence Report 111 68 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 9 9 1 1 54 28 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,264 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 433** 

Total Number of 

Violations 860 

**Includes systems with public notification violations. 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

New Mexico’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

Darren Padilla 

Drinking Water Bureau 

New Mexico Environment Department 

525 Camino de los Marquez, Suite 4 

Santa Fe, NM 87505 

Telephone: (505) 476-8631 

Telephone (toll-free): (877) 654-8720 

Web Site: http://www.nmenv.state.nm.us/dwb/dwbtop.html 

June 2008 • Page B-40 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of New York 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category* Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group NR NR NR NR 

Total Coliform Rule NR NR NR NR 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

NR NR NR NR 

Lead and Copper Rule NR NR NR NR 

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule NR NR NR NR NR NR 

*State submitted the information without a breakdown by rule. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 9,807 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 3,139 

Total Number of 

Violations 7,189 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

New York’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site: 


Web Site: http://www.health.state.ny.us/environmental/water/drinking/violations/2005/2005_compliance_report.htm 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-41 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of North Carolina 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 217 49* 2,952 136* 

Total Coliform Rule 370 288 3,316 1,768 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

7 7 1 1 

Lead and Copper Rule 100 85 570 375 

Consumer Confidence Report 1,367 1,083 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 354 64 8 3 1,175 741 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 6,854 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 10,437 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

North Carolina's State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

EPA's Safe Drinking Water Hotline 

Telephone: (800) 426-4791 

North Carolina Public Water Supply Section 

Telephone: (919) 715-3243 

E-mail: Martha.Fillinger@ncmail.net 

Web Site: http://www.deh.enr.state.nc.us/pws 

June 2008 • Page B-42 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of North Dakota 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 6 2 1 1 

Total Coliform Rule 24 21 79 62 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

8 5* 2 2* 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 2 2 

Consumer Confidence Report 0 0 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 49 19 8 2 29 17 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 510 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 108 

Total Number of 

Violations 209** 

** The total violations indicated in the report (209) differs from the calculated total (208). 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

North Dakota’s State Report is available by contacting: 

North Dakota Department of Health 

Division of Municipal Facilities 

918 E Divide Ave., 3rd Floor 

Bismarck, ND 58501-1947 

Attention: LeeAnn Tillotson 

Telephone: (701) 328-5293 

Fax: (701) 328-5200 

E-mail: ltillots@nd.gov 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-43 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Northern Mariana Islands 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 0 0 1 1 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 90 90 

Consumer Confidence Report 71 59 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 NR NR 0 0 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 106 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 162 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Northern Mariana Islands did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED. 

June 2008 • Page B-44 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Ohio 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 191* 75* 2,487* 1,129* 

Total Coliform Rule 602 423 1,332 914 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

114 33** 37 15* 

Lead and Copper Rule 1 1 131 124 

Consumer Confidence Report 108 101 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 168 63** 8 2 209 201** 

* Also includes Disinfection Byproducts Rule violations, which are set out separately below. 

**Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 5,392 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 2,829 

Total Number of 

Violations 5,020*** 

*** The total violations indicated in the report (5,020) differs from the calculated total (5,011). 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Ohio’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

PWS Annual Compliance Report 

Ohio EPA — DDAGW 

P.O. Box 1049 

Columbus, OH 43216-1049 

Web Site: http://www.epa.state.oh.us/ddagw/annualreports.html 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-45 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Oklahoma 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 69 43* 64 18* 

Total Coliform Rule 107 87 584 256 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

6 5* 9 1 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 4 4 

Consumer Confidence Report 0 0 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 634 130 270 87 158 62 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,616 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 693 

Total Number of 

Violations 1,905 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Oklahoma’s State report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

Department of Environmental Quality 

Water Quality Division, 8th Floor 

707 N. Robinson 

Oklahoma City, OK 73101-1677 

Department of Environmental Quality 

Water Quality Division 

P.O. Box 1677 

Oklahoma City, OK 73101-1677 

Web Site: http://www.deq.state.ok.us/WQDnew/pws/index.html 

June 2008 • Page B-46 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Oregon 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 6 6 954 435 

Total Coliform Rule 213 162 1,269 816 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

20 11 30 20 

Lead and Copper Rule 48 42 565 352 

Consumer Confidence Report 375 145 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 3 3 0 0 0 0 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems NR 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 3,483 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Oregon’s State Report does not provide information on where to obtain the report. 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-47 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 125 72 5,709 662 

Total Coliform Rule 389 282 1,867 1,284 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

56 14 1,173 202 

Lead and Copper Rule 15 15 293 285 

Consumer Confidence Report 448 446 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 76* 36* NR NR 3,268 1,001 

*TT violations were included in the total MCL violations for DBPR. They were not entered separately in the report. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 9,723 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 2,880 

Total Number of 

Violations 13,734* 

* Includes 315 violations of the Public Notification Rule. 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Pennsylvania’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

Department of Environmental Protection 

Bureau of Water Standards and Facility Regulation 

P.O. Box 8467, 11th Floor RCSOB 

Harrisburg, PA 17105-8467 

Telephone: (717) 787-5017 

Web Site: http://www.dep.state.pa.us 

Keyword: drinking water 

June 2008 • Page B-48 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Puerto Rico 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 3 2 2,446 162* 

Total Coliform Rule 270 132 2,093 256 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

426 67 1,404 121 

Lead and Copper Rule 1 1 32 28 

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 19 11 NR NR 45 35 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 506 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 6,739 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Puerto Rico’s Report is available by contacting: 

Department of Health 

Public Water Supply Supervision Program 

Ponce de León Avenue, #431 Nacional Plaza 

9th Floor, Suite 903 

Hato Rey, Puerto Rico 00917 

Website: http://www.salud.gov.pr 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-49 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Rhode Island 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 1 1 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 56 44 12 11 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

2 1 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 3 3 

Consumer Confidence Report 8 8 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 3 2 3 1 0 0 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 483 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 67 

Total Number of 

Violations 88 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Rhode Island’s State Report does not provide information on where to obtain the report. 

June 2008 • Page B-50 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of South Carolina 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 43 22* 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 80 69 144 73 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

0 0 3 2 

Lead and Copper Rule 2 2 21 20 

Consumer Confidence Report 62 62 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 10 6* NR NR 0 0 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,481 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 214 

Total Number of 

Violations 365 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

South Carolina’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

SCDHEC’s Bureau of Water 

2600 Bull Street 

Columbia, SC 29201 

Attention: Bruce Bleau 

Web Site: http://www.scdhec.gov/water 

Telephone: (803) 898-4154 

Fax: (803) 898-3795 

E-mail: bleaubp@dhec.sc.gov 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-51 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of South Dakota 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 30 14 294 23 

Total Coliform Rule 40 30 54 42 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

3 3 1 1 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 21 21 

Consumer Confidence Report 16 16 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 14 2 24 21 74 23 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 671 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 571 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

South Dakota’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources 

Drinking Water Program 

PMB-2020, Joe Foss Building 

523 East Capitol Ave. 

Pierre, SD 57501 

Attention: Mark S. Mayer, P.E. 

Telephone: (605) 773-3754 

Email: mark.mayer@state.sd.us 

Website: http://www.state.sd.us/denr/des/drinking/info.htm 

June 2008 • Page B-52 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Tennessee 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 223 16* 

Total Coliform Rule 30 28 134 87 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

72 28* 188 61* 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 2 2 

Consumer Confidence Report 8 8 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 24 13 0 0 49 31 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,129 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 203** 

Total Number of 

Violations 741*** 

**Includes Public Notification Rule. 


*** The total violations indicated in the report (741) differs from the calculated total (733). Both numbers include 3 violations 


of the Public Notification Rule. 


Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Tennessee's State Report is available by accessing the Department's web site or by viewing it in most public libraries and these 

locations across the state: 

Division of Water Supply - Central Office 

401 Church Street 

6th Floor, L&C Tower 

Nashville, TN 37243-1549 

615-532-0191 

Regional Environmental Field Offices (EFO) - Division of Water Supply 1-888-891-8332 

Chattanooga EFO Columbia EFO Cookeville EFO 

Division of Water Supply Division of Water Supply Division of Water Supply Suite 550 - State Oiffce Bldg. 2484 Park Plus Dr. 121 South Willow 

540 McCallie Avenue Columbia, TN 38401 Cookeville, TN 38502 

Chattanooga, TN 37402-2013 1-888-891-8332 1-888-891-8332 

1-888-891-8332 

Johnson City EFO Knoxville EFO Nashville EFO 

Division of Water Supply Division of Water Supply Division of Water Supply 2305 Silverdale Rd. 3711 Middlebrook Pike 711 R. S. Gass Blvd. 

Johnson City, TN 37601-2162 Knoxville, TN 37219 Nashville, TN 37216 

1-888-891-8332 1-888-891-8332 1-888-891-8332 

Jackson EFO 

Division of Water Supply 

1625 Hollywood Drive 

Jackson, TN 38305 

1-888-891-8332 

Web Site: http://www.state.tn.us/environment/dws/Dwprogram.php#reports 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-53 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Texas 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 245 74* 823 379 

Total Coliform Rule 138 123 1,269 640 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

65 44 468 222 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 11 11 

Consumer Confidence Report 342 342 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 923 365* NR NR 0 0 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 6,682 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 1,470 

Total Number of 

Violations 4,300** 

** The total violations indicated in the report (4,300) differs from the calculated total (4,301). Both totals include 17 violations 

for failure to submit monitoring plan. 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Texas’s State Report does not provide information on where to obtain the report. 

June 2008 • Page B-54 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Utah 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 1,448 1,139* 

Total Coliform Rule 72 63* 148 121 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

9 5 21 9 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 238 169 

Consumer Confidence Report NR NR 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 NR NR 0 0 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems NR 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 1,936 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Utah’s State Report does not provide information on where to obtain the report. 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-55 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Vermont 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 48 15 123 118* 

Total Coliform Rule 173 128* 241 150* 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

0 0 NR NR 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 20 20* 

Consumer Confidence Report 12 12 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule NR† NR† NR NR 25 13 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

†Reported with the Chemical Contaminant Group 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,443 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 642 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Vermont’s State Report does not provide information on where to obtain the report. 

June 2008 • Page B-56 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Virgin Islands 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 0 0 

Total Coliform Rule 32 27 5 5 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 0 0 

Consumer Confidence Report 1 1 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 NR NR 0 0 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 302 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 38 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Virgin Islands did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED. 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-57 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commonwealth of Virginia 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 134 40 1,303 171 

Total Coliform Rule 271 206 755 477 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

25 9 5 3 

Lead and Copper Rule 36 33 226 180 

Consumer Confidence Report 106 77 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 71 28 30 28 91 49 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems NR 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 3,053 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Virginia’s State Report does not provide information on where to obtain the report. 

June 2008 • Page B-58 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Washington 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 118 51 8,347 391 

Total Coliform Rule 535 360 918 609 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

25 20 10 6 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 165 163 

Consumer Confidence Report 281 232 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 4,140 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 1,413 

Total Number of 

Violations 10,399 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Washington’s State report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

Department of Health 

Office of Drinking Water 

P.O. Box 47822 

Olympia, WA 98504-7822 

Telephone: (800) 521-0323 

Web Site: http://www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/dw/enforcement/enflink2.htm 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-59 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of West Virginia 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 2 1 2,853 27 

Total Coliform Rule 8 7 524 246 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

7 5* 89 18* 

Lead and Copper Rule 0 0 37 24 

Consumer Confidence Report 65 65 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 121 42 1 1 168 74 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 1,175 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 471 

Total Number of 

Violations 3,852** 

**The total violations indicated in the summary table of the report (3,852) differs from the calculated total (3,875) 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

West Virginia’s State Report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

EPA's Safe Drinking Water Hotline 

1-800-426-4791 

Web Site: http://www.wvdhhr.org/oehs/eed/c&e/reports.asp 

June 2008 • Page B-60 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Wisconsin 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 257 65 1,217 458 

Total Coliform Rule 400 325 650 519 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

0 0 0 0 

Lead and Copper Rule 20 10 70 35 

Consumer Confidence Report 31 31 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 0 0 0 0 6 6 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 11,421 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation NR 

Total Number of 

Violations 2,651 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Wisconsin’s State report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources 

Bureau of Drinking Water and Groundwater 

P.O. Box 7921 

Madison, WI 53707 

Telephone: (608) 267-4230 

Website: http://dnr.wi.gov/water/dwg/ 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B Page B-61 • June 2008 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State of Wyoming 2005 PWS Compliance Report 

Violations for 2005 

MCL Treatment Technique Significant Monitoring 

Violations Category Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation Violations 

Systems in 

Violation 

Chemical Contaminant Group 0 0 34 34 

Total Coliform Rule 59 49* 97 80 

Surface Water Treatment Rule, 

Interim Enhanced Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, and Filter 

Backwash Recycling Rule 

10 9 12 5 

Lead and Copper Rule NR NR 7 6 

Consumer Confidence Report 0 0 

Disinfection Byproducts Rule 9 7* NR NR 5 5 

*Possible overcounting of violating systems. 

Total Number of 

Regulated Systems 765 

Total Number of 

Systems in Violation 163 

Total Number of 

Violations 233 

Where to Obtain the 2005 Annual State Public Water Systems Report 

Wyoming’s State report is available by accessing the state’s web site or by contacting: 

EPA Region 8's Environmental Information Service Center 

Telephone: (303) 312-6312 or (800) 227-8917 

E-mail: r8eisc@epa.gov 

Web Site: http://www.epa.gov/region8/water/dwhome/wycon/wycon.html 

June 2008 • Page B-62 2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix B 
Appendix C 


Map of Indian Lands
 

2005 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report – Appendix C Page C-1 • June 2008