United States

Environmental Protection

Agency

EPA-456/R-99-007

October 4, 1999

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/

uatw/offwaste/rioswao.html

The Plain Language

Implementation Assistance

Document for 40 CFR Part

63 Subpart DD (Off-Site

Waste and Recovery

Operations NESHAP)

Office of Air Quality

Planning and Standards

Research Triangle Park, NC

27711

EPA-456/R-99-007

The Plain Language Implementation Assistance

Document for 40 CFR 63 Subpart DD

(National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air

Pollutants from Off-Site Waste and

Recovery Operations)

Prepared for:

Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards

US Environmental Protection Agency

Research Triangle Park, NC 27711

Prepared by:

Research Triangle Institute

Post Office Box 12194

Research Triangle Park, NC 27709

October 4, 1999

Disclaimer

The Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) of the US Environmental Protection

Agency has reviewed this document and approved it for publication

When using this document, remember that it is not legally binding and does not replace the

“National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants From Off-Site Waste and Recovery

Operations (July 1, 1996, 61 FR 34158 and amended July 20, 1999, 64 FR 38949-38992) or any

State and local rules that may apply to your facility.”

This document is not intended, nor can it be relied upon, to create any right enforceable by any

party in litigation with the United States. The EPA may change this document at any time without

public notice.
This page is intentionally left blank.
Thank You

This document was prepared by a joint partnership among the U.S. Environmental Protection

Agency, State and local air quality agencies personnel and the Chemical Manufactures Association. 

EPA also worked closely (through a contract) with the Research Triangle Institute (RTI) to develop

this document . Special thanks goes out to:

Larry Brockman, EPA, OAQPS

Alexandra Dunn, CMA

Elaine Manning, EPA, OAQPS

Dave Morgan, MI-DEQ

Paul Peterson, RTI

Tony Petruska, EPA Region VII

Lisa Trembly, U.S. Navy

Bob Zerbonia, RTI 
This page is intentionally left blank.
i

Contents

Chapter Page

1 - Introduction .............................................................. 1-1

Why should I use this document? .......................................... 1-1

How do I get copies of this document? ...................................... 1-1

We want your feedback ................................................. 1-2

2 - Applicability .............................................................. 2-1

What is the purpose of the OSWRO NESHAP? ................................ 2-1

What are the applicable rule citations in 40 CFR Part 63? ........................ 2-1

How can I determine if my facility is subject to the rule? ........................ 2-2

3 - General Standards ......................................................... 3-1

My facility is subject to the OSWRO NESHAP, what must I do to comply? .......... 3-1

When do I need to comply? .............................................. 3-1

What are the affected sources at my facility? .................................. 3-2

What is an off-site material management unit? ................................ 3-2

Which process vents are subject to the rule? .................................. 3-3

What types of equipment components are considered equipment leaks 

affected sources? ................................................. 3-3

How are the air emission control standards applied to affected sources? ............ 3-4

What options do I have in complying with the general standards? ................. 3-4

4 - Tank Air Emission Control, Inspection and Monitoring Requirements .................. 4-1

What are the air emission control requirements for tanks? ....................... 4-1

What are the requirements for a tank using Level 1 controls? ..................... 4-1

What are the requirements for tank using Level 2 controls? ...................... 4-2

If I choose to use a tank equipped with a fixed roof with an internal floating roof,

how do I comply with the rule? ............................... 4-3

If I choose to use a tank equipped with an external floating roof, how do I

comply with the rule? ....................................... 4-5

If I choose to vent to a control device, how do I comply with the rule? ....... 4-8

If I choose to use a pressure tank, how do I comply with the rule? .......... 4-10

If I choose to use an enclosure vented through a closed-vent system to an 

enclosed combustion control device, how do I comply with the rule? . 4-11

5 - Oil-Water and Organic-Water Separator Air Emission Control, Inspection and Monitoring

Requirements ......................................................... 5-1

What are the air emission control standards for oil-water and 

organic-water separators? .......................................... 5-1

If I choose to use a separator equipped with an external floating roof, how do I 

comply with the rule? ............................................. 5-1

If I choose to use a fixed roof vented through a closed-vent system to a control 

device, how do I comply with the rule? ............................... 5-3
ii

Chapter Page

If I choose to use a pressurized separator, how do I comply with the rule? ........... 5-5

6 - Surface Impoundment Air Emission Control, Inspection, and Monitoring Requirements .... 6-1

What are the air emission control standards for surface impoundments? ............ 6-1

If I choose to use a floating membrane cover, how do I comply with the rule? ........ 6-1

If I choose to use a cover vented to a control device, how do I comply with the rule? . . 6-3

7 - Container Air Emission Control, Inspection, and Monitoring Requirements .............. 7-1

What are the air emission control, inspection, and monitoring requirements 

for containers? ................................................... 7-1

If I have a container using Level 1 controls, how do I comply with the rule? ......... 7-1

If I have a container using Level 2 controls, how do I comply with the rule? ......... 7-3

If I have a container using Level 3 controls, how do I comply with the rule? ......... 7-5

8 - Transfer System Air Emission Control, Inspection, and Monitoring Requirements ......... 8-1

What are the air emission control, inspection, and monitoring requirements for transfer

systems? ....................................................... 8-1

If I use an individual drain system subject to subpart RR, how do I comply

 with the rule? ................................................... 8-1

If I use any other type of transfer system subject to § 63.689(c), how do I comply 

with the rule? ................................................... 8-4

If I choose to use a transfer system using covers, how do I comply with 

the rule? ................................................. 8-4

If I choose to use hard piping, how do I comply with the rule? .............. 8-6

If I choose to use a transfer system that is enclosed and vented through a 

closed-vent system to a control device, how do I comply with the rule? . 8-6

9 - Process Vent Air Emission Control, Inspection, and Monitoring Requirements ........... 9-1

What are the air emission control, inspection, and monitoring requirements for process

vents? ......................................................... 9-1

10 - Equipment Leak Air Emission Control, Inspection, and Monitoring Requirements ....... 10-1

What are the air emission control, inspection, and monitoring requirements for 

equipment leaks? ............................................... 10-1

11 - Closed-Vent System Air Emission Control, Inspection, and Monitoring Requirements .... 11-1

What are the air emission control, inspection, and monitoring requirements for

 closed-vent systems? ............................................ 11-1

If I use a closed-vent system designed to operate with no detectable organic 

emissions, how do I comply with the rule? ............................ 11-1

If I choose to use a closed-vent systems designed to operate at a pressure below

atmospheric pressure, how do I comply with the rule? ................... 11-2

If I use a bypass device, what requirements must I meet? ....................... 11-3
iii

Chapter Page

12 - Control Device Air Emission Control, Inspection, and Monitoring Requirements ....... 12-1

What are the air emission control, inspection, and monitoring requirements for control

devices? ...................................................... 12-1

What are the requirements for a carbon adsorption system? ..................... 12-1

How do I manage the carbon from my carbon adsorption system? ................ 12-2

What are the requirements for a condenser? ................................. 12-3

What are the requirements for a vapor incinerator? ........................... 12-4

What are the requirements for boilers and process heaters? ..................... 12-5

What are the requirements for flare control devices? .......................... 12-7

Are there any other general requirements that I must meet for my control device? .... 12-8

How do I know if I have had an excursion? ................................. 12-9

What if inspection of my equipment is dangerous? ........................... 12-10

13 - Test Methods and Procedures .............................................. 13-1

Does the rule require me to use any test methods? ............................ 13-1

14 - Recordkeeping, Notification, and Reporting Requirements ........................ 14-1

What do I have to report and when? ....................................... 14-1

Can I get example reporting forms? ........................................ 14-1

What records must I keep? .............................................. 14-1

What reports must I submit? ............................................. 14-2

15 - Other Requirements and Information ......................................... 15-1

Who administers this regulation? ......................................... 15-1

Do I need a title V permit? .............................................. 15-1

How do I change my permit to include this rule? ............................. 15-2

What portions of the General Provisions apply? .............................. 15-2

Is a Startup, Shutdown, and Malfunction Plan required? ........................ 15-2

16 - Getting Additional Help ................................................... 16-1

Whom can I ask for help? ............................................... 16-1

Can I get more information on the Web? ................................... 16-2

Appendices

Appendix A - Contents for 40 CFR Part 63, Subpart DD, Final Rule ...................... A-1

Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance ........................................ B-1
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Chapter 1 - Introduction

1-1

Knowing if you’re

subject to the rule is

your first step in

complying with the

rule.

Keep informed of rule

changes by checking

the Federal Register

Checkout the web

page for this rule at

http://www.epa.gov/ttn

uatw1/offwaste/rioswa

o.html

Why should I use this document?

This document can help you understand the requirements for the

Off-Site Waste and Recovery Operations National Emission

Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (also known as OSWRO

NESHAP) by helping you determine four main things:

C if the rule applies to your facility and process

C what compliance options are available

C what to monitor, record, and report

C dates by which you must meet requirements

This document does not replace the final rule and we (the EPA) will

likely not update its contents to include any new requirements.

For a copy of the rule, see EPA’s Unified Air Toxics Website

(http//:www.epa.gov/ttnuatw1/offwaste/rioswao.html ). You should

keep abreast of new requirements, printed after publication of this

document, by periodically checking the Federal Register and the

Code of Federal Regulations (CFR).

How do I get copies of this document?

You can get copies of this document in three ways.

C EPA’s Unified Air Toxics Website

(http://www.epa.gov/ttnuatw1/offwaste/rioswao.html), look

under Rules and Implementation, Off-Site Waste and

Recovery Operations

C the Library Services Office (MD-35), US EPA, Research

Triangle Park, NC 27711 (limited supply)

C the National Technical Information Services (NTIS), 5285

Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161 (NTIS will charge

you a fee for this document)
Chapter 1 - Introduction

1-2

Help us publish a

better document by

filling out our survey.

We want your feedback

To serve you better, we have included a survey on the usefulness of

this document. If you would like to participate, please fill out the

survey on page 3 and return it to the address indicated. We will

keep your responses confidential, but use them to help improve

future documents.
1-3

Off-Site Waste and Recovery Operations NESHAP Implementation Document Survey

Please help us gauge the usefulness of this document by completing this short form. We will keep you responses

confidential but use them to help improve future documents.

1. What type of business do you work for? (check one of the following)

Manufacturing 9 Contractor 9 Tribe 9

Government (specify Federal, State, local, tribal) __________ Other ______________

2. What are your job responsibilities? (check any of the following that apply)

Plant operator 9 Maintenance 9 Plant Manager 9

Environmental Staff 9 Other _________________________

3. How did you hear about this guidance? (check one of the following)

Co-worker 9 EPA TTN via dial-up modem 9 EPA TTN via the Web 9

Other _________________________________

Please indicate your agreement with the following statements from 1=Strongly Agree to 5=Strongly Disagree

Statement 1 2 3 4 5 N/A

The guidance was timely.

The document provides a good overview of the rule.

This document provides the type information that my organization needs to comply.

The guidance helped us achieve compliance more quickly than if we had developed our own.

Portions of this document have been incorporated into internal policy documents.

The format of this document was well organized and easy to understand.

4. What did you like about this document or what helped you the most? (be as specific as you can) 

 

5. What did you not like about this document or what helped you the least? (be as specific as you can)__________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. What would you change about this document (e.g., formats, excluding information or including things that you did not

find in the document)?________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. Did you find the overall usage of this document to be:

extremely useful 9 very useful 9 so-so useful 9 not very useful at all 9

8. Other comments: _________________________________________________________________________________

Provide additional comment on the back of this form or on a separate paper

Return survey to: Larry Brockman, US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Research Triangle Park (RTP) MD-12,

Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, (919)541-5398, fax (919) 541-2664, e-mail brockmann.larry@epa.gov
This page is intentionally left blank.
Chapter 2 - Applicability

2-1

What is the purpose of the OSWRO NESHAP?

 The National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants

from Off-Site Waste and Recovery Operations (OSWRO) are a set of

rules promulgated under 40 CFR part 63. These rules provide for

the control of hazardous air pollutants (HAP) emissions from

selected waste management and recovery operations that are not

subject to federal air standards under other subparts in Part 63. 

For a list of HAP regulated by this rule, see Table 1 of the rule.

What are the applicable rule citations in 40 CFR Part 63?

 The applicability, general standards, compliance requirements,

test methods and procedures, reporting, recordkeeping, and some

unit-specific air emission control requirements are specified in

40 CFR Part 63 Subpart DD - National Emission Standards for

Hazardous Air Pollutants from Off-Site Waste and Recovery

Operations. In addition, Subpart DD cross-references the following

other subparts in Part 63 for the air emissions control requirements

to be applied to specific types of affected sources.

• Subpart OO – National Emission Standards for

Tanks-Level 1

• Subpart PP – National Emission Standards for Containers

• Subpart QQ – National Emission Standards for Surface

Impoundments

• Subpart RR – National Emission Standards for Individual

Drain Systems

• Subpart VV – National Emission Standards for Oil-Water

Separators and Organic-Water Separators
Chapter 2 - Applicability

2-2

Your facility is a major

source if there are

facility-wide emissions

of more than 10 tons

per year for a single

HAP or more than

25 tons per year for

multiple HAP.

How can I determine if my facility is subject to the rule?

This chapter will help you determine if your facility is subject to

the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants from

Off-Site Waste and Recovery Operations in 40 CFR part 63. 

The OSWRO NESHAP is applicable if a facility meets all 3 of the

following conditions. If any one of these conditions does not apply

to the facility, then you are not subject to the rule. 

 Condition 1 - The facility is a "major source" of HAP

emissions as defined in General Provisions to

40 CFR Part 63.

 Condition 2 - “Off-site material” is shipped or transferred

to the facility. An "off-site material" is

specified in the rule as a material that meets

all of the following criteria:

1. The material is one of the following as

defined in rule:

 • Waste - any material generated from

industrial, commercial, mining, or agricultural

operations or from community activities

which is discarded, discharged, or is being

treated before being discarded or discharged.

(This definition is consistent with other

NESHAP with the exception of certain

specific types of wastes listed in the rule)

 • Used oil - any oil refined from crude oil or

any synthetic oil that has been used and as a

result of such use is contaminated by physical

or chemical impurities. (Same definition of

“used oil” by RCRA in 40 CFR 279.1)

 • Used solvent - a mixture of aliphatic

hydrocarbons or a mixture of one and two

ring aromatic hydrocarbons that has been

used as a solvent and as a result of such use is

contaminated by physical or chemical

impurities.
Chapter 2 - Applicability

2-3

2. The waste, used oil, or used solvent is not

generated at the facility but is instead shipped

or transferred to the facility from another

location.

 3. The waste, used oil, or used solvent contains

one or more of the specific organic chemical

compounds, isomers, and mixtures listed in

Table 1 in the rule.

 Condition 3 - The “off-site material” is managed at the

facility in a waste management operation or

recovery operation listed below.

 • RCRA hazardous waste management

operation regulated as a hazardous waste

treatment, storage, and disposal facility

(TSDF) under 40 CFR parts 264 or 265.

 • RCRA hazardous wastewater treatment

operation exempted from air emission control

requirements under 40 CFR parts 264 or 265.

 • Non-hazardous wastewater treatment

operation where this operation is the

predominate function conducted at the

facility and the facility is not a publiclyowned treatment works.

 • RCRA-exempt hazardous waste recycling

facility.

 • Used solvent recovery operation.

 • Used oil recovery operation.

The following questions will help you determine if your facility

meets all three of these conditions and is subject to this rule.

1. Is your facility a "major source" of HAP emissions?

Yes? Go to Question 2

No? Stop, your facility is not subject to 

40 CFR 63 subpart DD.
Chapter 2 - Applicability

2-4

2. Do you handle any of the following waste management

operations or recovery operations? Does your facility...

2a. Manage RCRA hazardous waste with any subject to the

RCRA permitting requirements under either 40 CFR

part 264 or 40 CFR part 265?

Yes? Go to Question 3.

No? Continue with Question 2b.

2b. Manage RCRA hazardous waste in a wastewater

treatment operation exempt from the RCRA permitting

requirements by the provisions in 40 CFR 264.1(g)(6) or

40 CFR 265.1(c)(10)?

Yes? Go to Question 3.

No? Continue with Question 2c.

2c. Recycle or reprocess RCRA hazardous waste in a

recovery operation that is exempt from the RCRA

permitting requirements by the provisions in 40 CFR

264.1(g)(2) or 40 CFR 265.1(c)(6)?

Yes? Go to Question 3.

No? Continue with Question 2d.

2d. Predominately treat wastewaters that are not RCRA

hazardous wastes, while not being owned by a “state” as

defined by Clean Water Act section 502(3) or a

“municipality” as defined by Clean Water Act

section 502(4)?

Yes? Go to Question 3.

No? Continue with Question 2e.

2e. Recycle or reprocess “used solvent”in a recovery

operation that is not part of a chemical, petroleum, or

other manufacturing process already using air emission

controls to comply with another subpart of 40 CFR part

63? 

Yes? Go to Question 3.

No? Continue with Question 2f.
Chapter 2 - Applicability

2-5

Waste means a material

generated from industrial,

commercial, mining, or

agricultural operations or

from community activities;

and this material is

discarded, discharged, or is

being accumulated, stored,

or physically, chemically,

thermally, or biologically

treated before being

discarded or discharged

[see 40 CFR 63.681].

Used solvent means a

mixture of aliphatic

hydrocarbons or a mixture

of one and two ring

aromatic hydrocarbons

used as a solvent and

because of such use it is

contaminated by physical

or chemical impurities [see

40 CFR 63.681].

Used oil means any oil

refined from crude oil or

any synthetic oil that has

been used and as a result of

such use is contaminated

by physical or chemical

impurities [see 40 CFR

279.1].

3f. Re-refine or reprocess "used oil" in a recovery

operation that is subject to 40 CFR 279 subpart F -

Standards for Used Oil Processors and Refiners?

Yes? Go to Question 3.

No? Stop. If you’ve answered no to all Questions 2a

through 2f your facility is not subject to 40 CFR 63

subpart DD.

3. Are any of the materials listed in Questions 3a through

3c shipped or transferred to your facility from other

facilities (i.e., not generated at your facility)? For the

purpose of subpart DD all of the following can be

considered off-site material. For a list of materials which

are not considered off-site material for the purpose of

subpart DD see Table 2.1.

3a. Is waste shipped or transferred to your facility? 

Yes? Go to Question 4.

No? Continue with Question 3b.

3b. Is used solvent shipped or transferred to your facility? 

Yes? Go to Question 4.

No? Continue with Question 3c.

3c. Is used oil shipped or transferred to your facility? 

Yes? Go to Question 4.

No? Stop. If you’ve answered No to all questions 3a

through 3c then your facility is not subject to

40 CFR 63 subpart DD

4. Do any of the materials (waste, used oil, or used solvent)

being shipped or transferred to your facility contain

Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAP) from the list in Table 1 of

the rule?

Yes? Go to Question 5.

No? Stop. Your facility is not subject to 40 CFR 63

subpart DD.
Chapter 2 - Applicability

2-6

5. Again, is your facility a “major source” of HAP

emissions? [Note: At this time if you have not already

done so, you must determine whether your facility is a

“major source” of HAP emissions (see Question 1). 

Guidance for preparing a “major source” determination

for your facility is available from the U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency Office of Air Quality

and Standards, Information Transfer & Program

Integration Division, Research Triangle Park, NC

27711. 

Yes? Then your facility is subject to

40 CFR 63 subpart DD.

No? Stop, your facility is not subject to

40 CFR 63 subpart DD.
Chapter 2 - Applicability

2-7

Table 2.1 - Materials not considered off-site materials for the purpose of subpart DD

Material Citation(§) Description/Conditions

Household waste 63.680(b)(2)(i) As defined in 40 CFR 258.2

Radioactive mixed waste 63.680(b)(2)(ii) Must be managed in accordance with all

applicable regulations under the Atomic Energy

Act and Nuclear Waste Policy Act authorities. 

Remedial activity waste 63.680(b)(2)(iii) Waste generated as a result of implementing

remedial activities under RCRA, CERCLA, or

similar Federal or State authorities.

Residential household

waste containing HAPs

63.680(b)(2)(iv) Old paint, home garden pesticides, etc. collected

as a community service by government agencies,

businesses, or other organizations for the

purpose of promoting the proper disposal of

waste.

Waste transferred from a

chemical manufacturing

plant. (Must meet both

conditions).

63.680(b)(2)(v) Such that:

1. Management of waste must be required either

under 40 CFR 63, subpart F - National Emission

Standards for Organic Hazardous Air Pollutants

from the Synthetic Organic Chemical

Manufacturing Industry or under another subpart

of 40 CFR part 63 to meet the air emission

control standards for process wastewater

specified in 40 CFR 63.132 through 63.147; and

2. Comply with the provisions of 40 CFR

63.132(g)(1)(ii) and (g)(2).

Waste transferred from a

chemical manufacturing

plant, petroleum

refinery, or coke byproduct recovery plant

which is subject to

40 CFR 61 subpart FF.

(Must meet both

conditions).

63.680(b)(2)(vi) Such that:

1. The waste is not exempted from meeting the

air emission control standards of subpart FF by

the provisions of 40 CFR 61.342(a); and

2. You have complied with the provisions of

40 CFR 61.342(f)(2).

Ship ballast water 63.680(b)(2)(vii) Ballast water pumped from a ship to an onshore

wastewater treatment facility.

Hazardous waste stored

less than 10 days

63.680(b)(2)(viii) Must be in compliance with the provisions of

40 CFR 263.12.
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Chapter 3 - General Standards

3-1

Table 3.1 summarizes 

the compliance

options under the

general standards.

My facility is subject to the OSWRO NESHAP, what must I do to

comply?

You demonstrate compliance with § 63.680 through § 63.698 by

doing all of the following:

1. Identify the affected sources at your facility (i.e., off-site

material management units, process vents, and

equipment leaks).

2. Identify the applicable compliance options allowed

under the general standards for each affected source (see

the “Options” section on page 3-4 of this chapter).

3. Choose and implement the compliance option for each

affected source.

4. Maintain the records described in Chapter 14 of this

document.

5. Submit the reports described in Chapter 14 of this

document.

When do I need to comply?

If your facility is an existing source, you must comply by February 1,

2000. If you are a new source, comply before you begin operating.

If you commenced

construction or

reconstruction

then. . . and must be in

compliance. . .

before Oct. 13, 1994

after Oct. 13, 1994

you are an existing

source

you are a new

source 

by February 1, 2000

upon initial startup

The rule also requires you to submit notifications and annual and

semiannual reports. Check Chapter 14 for reporting dates and

example forms.
Chapter 3 - General Standards

3-2

For Tank

requirements see

Chapter 4.

For Oil-Water and

Organic-Water

Separators see

Chapter 5.

For Surface

Impoundment

requirements see

Chapter 6.

For Container

requirements see

Chapter 7.

For Transfer system

requirements see

Chapter 8.

What are the affected sources at my facility?

There are three groups of affected sources:

1. Off-site material management units

2. Process vents

3. Equipment leaks

What is an off-site material management unit?

An off-site material management unit is any one of the

following:

• Tanks used to manage "off-site material." A tank is a

stationary unit constructed of nonearthen materials

(wood, concrete, steel, fiberglass, or plastic) which holds

an accumulation of liquids or other material 

C Oil-water and organic-water separators used to manage

"off-site material." An oil-water separator is a separator

designed to separate oil from water, and an organicwater separator is a separator designed to separate

organics from water.

• Surface impoundments used to manage "off-site

material." A surface impoundment is a natural

topographical depression, man-made excavation, or

diked area formed primarily of earthen materials which is

designed to hold an accumulation of liquids.

• Containers used to manage "off-site material." A

container is a portable unit used to hold materials.

• Transfer systems used to manage "off-site material." A

transfer system is any system whose predominant

function is to convey liquids from one point to another

point within a waste management operation. (A

container, or self-propelled vehicle is not considered a

transfer system).
Chapter 3 - General Standards

3-3

For Process Vent

requirements see

Chapter 9.

For Equipment Leak

requirements see

Chapter 10.

Which process vents are subject to the rule?

C Process vents which are installed on any of the following

operations used to treat off-site material are subject to

subpart DD:

1. Distillation processes

2. Fractionation processes

3. Thin-film evaporation

4. Solvent extraction

5. Steam stripping process

6. Air stripping process 

C A process vent is an open-ended pipe, stack, or duct

through which a gas stream containing HAP is

discharged either intermittently or continuously (This

does not include pressure relief vents, vents used as

safety devices, any vent subject to the standards for

equipment leaks, or stacks or other vents used to exhaust

combustion gas from a boiler, furnace, process heater,

incinerator, or other combustion device.)

What types of equipment components are considered affected

equipment leak sources?

Any leak from equipment components (e.g., pumps and

valves) which meet all of the following criteria:

1. The equipment component is a pump, compressor,

agitator, pressure relief device, sampling connection

system, open-ended valve or line, valve, connector, or

instrumentation system.

2. The equipment component contains or contacts off-site

material having an organic HAP concentration $10

percent.

3. The equipment component is intended to operate for

300 hours or more during a 12 month period.
Chapter 3 - General Standards

3-4

How are the air emission control standards applied to affected

sources?

 • Air emission controls are required on those affected sources

(other than equipment leaks) receiving "off-site material"

having a volatile organic HAP (VOHAP) concentration $ 500

ppm mass weighted average.

 • The air standards under the rule do not apply to either of the

following units at the facility:

 – A unit that does not manage "off-site material."

 – A unit that is not part of one of the six types of

affected waste management and recovery operations

specified in the rule (see page 2-3).

What options do I have in complying with the general standards?

For each affected source other than equipment leaks, you

must comply with one of the following alternatives:

Option 1. Determine that the average VOHAP concentration of

"off-site material" managed in the affected source is

<500 ppmw mass weighted average.

 • Determination of VOHAP concentration is made

based on "off-site material" composition at the point

where it enters the facility ("point-of-delivery" as

defined in the rule).

 • VOHAP concentration is measured using

Method 305 in 40 CFR 63 Appendix A.

 • As an alternative to using Method 305, you may

determine the HAP concentration of an "off-site

material" using any one of the several alternative test

methods and then adjust the test results using factors

specified in the rule to determine the VOHAP

concentration.

Option 2. Install and operate air emission controls in accordance

with the applicable control requirements specified in the

rule.
Chapter 3 - General Standards

3-5

Option 3 is explained

in Table 3.2.

Option 3. Treat the "off-site material" prior to placement in the

affected source to remove or destroy the HAP in

accordance with one of the alternative treatment

standards specified in the rule.

Option 4. Meet one of the unit-specific control requirement

exemptions specified in the rule.

C Rule exemptions for off-site material management units

can be found in § 63.683(b)(2).

C Rule exemptions for process vents can be found in

§ 63.683(c)(2) 

C Facility wide exemptions can be found in § 63.680(d)
Chapter 3 - General Standards

3-6

Option 2

Use Air Emission Controls

Table 3.1

Off-Site Waste and Recovery Operations NESHAP

Compliance Options for Affected Sources: Process Vents and

Off-Site Material Management Units

Control air emissions from the

unit in accordance with

standards specified in §§

63.685 through 63.690

Meet one of the exemptions for

either a off-site material

management unit or a

process vent

Determine before placing the

off-site material in the unit that

the average VOHAP

concentration of the material is

< 500 ppmw using the

procedures specified

in § 63.694(b)

Option 1

Perform VOHAP Determination

Option 3

Treat Off-Site Material

Option 4

Meet Exemption

Choose one option.

If an off-site material

management unit or process

vent is part of the affected

source, four primary regulatory

options potentially exist.

Remove or destroy HAP in the

off-site material before placing

it in the unit in accordance

with § 63.684 (this does not

apply to process vents)

See Table 3.2
Chapter 3 - General Standards

3-7

Table 3.2

Option 3

Off-Site Waste and Recovery Operations NESHAP

Off-Site Waste Management Units

Remove or destroy the HAP

contained in a material using a

treatment process that achieves

one of the following

performance levels

VOHAP Concentration*1 HAP Mass Removal*1 (MR) HAP Reduction Efficiency*1,3 (R) Biological Degradation*2,4 Rbio

If VOHAP concentration inevery stream is > 500 ppmwthen reduce the VOHAPconcentration to less than 500ppmw.When you have a mixture ofOSWRO streams that haveVOHAP concentrations > 500ppmw and OSWRO streamsthat have VOHAPconcentrations < 500 ppmwthen reduce the VOHAPconcentration to less than CRestablished for the process orless than the lowest VOHAPconcentration determined foreach off-site material streamsentering the process.

or

MR must be greater thanor equal to the RequiredMass Removal Rate(RMR).

If the average VOHAPconcentration<10,000ppmw then the totalquantity of HAP must bereduced by 95%.

If the average VOHAPconcentration >10,000ppmw then the totalquantity of HAP must bereduced by at least 95%and VOHAP concentrationmust be < 100 ppmw atpoint-of-treatment.

Rbio > 95%MRbio > RMR

or

or

Incineration

Use one of the following

Incinerator with permitunder 40 CFR 270 or isin compliance with40 CFR 265.Boiler or industrialfurnace with permit under40 CFR 270 or is incompliance with40 CFR 266.

or

*=You must demonstrate that the treatment process achieves the selected

performance level. Initial demonstration must be no less than 30 days after thebeginning of the treatment. Thereafter at least once every calendar year.

1. Must continuously monitor the operation as per § 63.684(e)(1) through (3).2. Must continuously monitor the operation as per § 63.684(e)(4).3. Not to be used for open tanks or surface impoundments.4. Performed in an open tank or surface impoundment.
This page is intentionally left blank.
Chapter 4 - Tank Air Emission Control, Inspection and

Monitoring Requirements

4-1

If you choose to use a

control device, be sure

to also see the

chapters on closedvent systems and

control devices.

As an alternative to

using Level 1 controls,

you may use Level 2

controls instead.

See Table 4.1 for a

walk-through of tank

requirements.

What are the air emission control requirements for tanks?

You must first determine which required control level you

must use (Level 1 or 2) which is determined by tank capacity and the

vapor pressure of the material. Tank control level categories are

specified in the rule in Table 3 (for existing tanks) and Table 4 (for

new tanks) of the rule.

What are the requirements for a tank using Level 1 controls?

Design

• Use a fixed roof with a closure device which is designed

to form a continuous barrier over the entire surface area

of the liquid in the tank. The fixed roof can be a separate

cover or an integral part of the tank structural design.

• There must be no visible cracks, holes, gaps, or other

open spaces between roof section joints or where the

roof edge meets the tank wall.

• Each opening in the fixed roof must either be equipped

with a closure device or connected to a closed-vent

system vented to a control device which removes or

destroys organics in the vent stream.

• The fixed roof must also be made of suitable material that

will minimize exposure of the off-site material to the

atmosphere.

Operation

• Closure devices must be maintained in the closed

position with the exception of the following times:

1. Routine inspection, maintenance, or other activities

needed for normal operation.

2. Removal of accumulated sludge from the bottom of

the tank.

3. Maintaining tank internal pressure in accordance

with tank design specifications.
 Chapter 4 - Tank Requirements

4-2

General

Recordkeeping

requirements are in

Chapter 14

4. Opening a safety device to avoid an unsafe

condition.

Inspection/Monitoring

• Visually inspect the fixed roof and its closure devices for

any defect that could result in air emissions (i.e., cracks

holes, gaps in the roof section between the roof and the

tank wall, damaged seals or gaskets on the closure

devices, and damaged or missing closure devices). 

Perform the initial inspection immediately following

installation and thereafter at least once every calender

year. Make certain that you maintain all of the required

records for every inspection conducted which must

include the following.

1. Tank ID number (or other unique identifier)

2. The date of the inspection

3. For each defect record: The location of the defect, the

date of detection, and corrective action taken to

repair the defect. 

• Any defect must be repaired within 45 calender days of

detection with the first effort at repair within 5 calender

days of detection. If you determine that a tank must be

emptied or taken out of service to perform the repair and

no alternative tank capacity is available, then repair may

be delayed until the next time the material generating

unit stops operation and must be completed before the

generating unit resumes operation. Under this

circumstance, you must record the reason for the delay

and the date the completion of the repair is expected.

• Be certain to also maintain any records specified in the

General Recordkeeping requirements of this document.

What are the requirements for tank using Level 2 controls?

Use any one of the following five alternatives:

1. A tank equipped with a fixed roof with internal floating

roof.

2. A tank equipped with an external floating roof
 Chapter 4 - Tank Requirements

4-3

3. A tank equipped with a vapor-tight cover vented to

$95% control device

4. A pressure tank

5. A tank inside enclosure vented to combustion control

device

If I choose to use a tank equipped with a fixed roof with an

internal floating roof, how do I comply with the rule?

Meet the standards in § 63.685(e) which are described as

follows:

Design

C The internal floating roof must be designed to float on

the liquid surface except when it must be supported by

leg supports. It must also be equipped with a continuous

seal between the wall of the tank and the floating roof

edge which must be either:

1. A single continuous seal that is either a liquidmounted seal or a metallic shoe seal.

or

2. Two continuous seals mounted one above the other. 

The lower seal may be a vapor-mounted seal.

C The internal floating roof must also meet the following

specifications:

1. Each opening in a noncontact internal floating roof

(except for automatic bleeder vents and rim space

vents) must provide a projection below the liquid

surface.

2. Each opening (except for leg sleeves, automatic

bleeder vents, rim space vents, column wells, ladder

wells, sample wells, and stub drains) must be

equipped with a gasketed cover or a gasketed lid.

3. Each penetration of the roof for the purpose of

sampling must have a slit fabric that covers at least 90

percent of the opening.

4. Automatic bleeder vents and rim vents are to be

gasketed.

5. Penetrations which allow for a ladder must have a

gasketed sliding cover.
 Chapter 4 - Tank Requirements

4-4

6. Penetrations which allow for the supporting columns

of the fixed roof must have a flexible fabric sleeve or

gasketed sliding cover.

Operation

C Filling of the tank must be continuous and accomplished

as soon as practical. Prior to filling, each cover, access

hatch, gauge float well or lid on any opening in the

internal floating roof must be bolted or fastened closed.

C Automatic bleeder vents are to be set closed at all times

when the roof is floating with the exception of when it is

being floated off or is being landed on the leg supports. 

Rim space vents must only be open when the internal

floating roof is not floating or when the pressure beneath

the rim exceeds the manufacturer’s recommended

settings.

Inspection/Monitoring

C Visually inspect the floating roof and its closure devices

for any defects (as specified in § 63.695(b)(1)(i)). Defects

to check for may include: the internal floating roof not

floating on the surface of the liquid inside the tank; liquid

has accumulated on top of the internal floating roof; any

portion of the roof seals that have detached from the roof

rim; holes, tears, or other openings that are visible in the

seal fabric; etc. Make certain that you maintain all of the

required records for every inspection conducted which

must include the following.

1. Tank ID number (or other unique identifier)

2. The date of the inspection

3. For each defect record: The location of the defect, the

date of detection, and corrective action taken to

repair the defect. 

C Inspect the internal floating roof components which

includes visual inspection of the internal floating roof

components through openings on the roof at least once

every calendar year after initial fill, and visually inspect

the internal floating roof, primary seal, secondary seal (if

in service), gaskets, slotted membranes, and sleeve 
 Chapter 4 - Tank Requirements

4-5

seals(if any) each time the tank is emptied and degassed

and at least every 10 years.

C If an internal floating roof is equipped with two

continuous seals mounted one above the other, you must

visually inspect the internal floating roof, primary and

secondary seals, gaskets, slotted membranes, and sleeve

seals (if any) each time the tank is emptied and degassed

and at least every five years.

C Any defect should be repaired within 45 calender days of

detection. If within this 45-day period the defect cannot

be repaired, you may be allowed two 30-day extensions. 

Under this circumstance, you must record a description

of the defect, explain why alternative storage capacity is

not available, and specify a schedule of actions to ensure

equipment will be repaired as soon as possible.

C Be certain to also maintain any records specified in the

General Recordkeeping requirements of this document.

If I choose to use a tank equipped with an external floating roof,

how do I comply with the rule?

Meet the standards in § 63.685(f) which are described as

follows:

Design

C The external floating roof must be designed to float on

the liquid surface except when it must be supported by

leg supports. It must also be equipped with two

continuous seals, one above the other, between the wall

of the tank and the roof edge (The primary being the

lower seal and the secondary being the upper seal). The

primary seal must meet the following specifications:

1. It must be a liquid-mounted seal or a metallic shoe

seal.

2. Total area of the gaps between the tank wall and the

primary seal must not exceed 212 cm2 per meter of

tank diameter and the width of any portion of these

gaps are not to exceed 3.8 cm. 
 Chapter 4 - Tank Requirements

4-6

3. If a metallic shoe seal is used, it must be designed so

that one end extends into the liquid and the other

end extends a vertical distance of at least 61 cm

above the liquid surface.

The secondary seal must meet the following

specifications:

1. It is to be mounted above the primary seal and cover

the annular space between the floating roof and the

wall of the tank.

2. Total area of the gaps between the tank wall are not

to exceed 21.2 cm2 per meter of tank diameter, and

the width of any portion of these gaps are not to

exceed 1.8 cm.

C The external floating roof must also meet the following

specifications:

1. Each opening in a noncontact external floating roof

must provide a projection below the liquid surface,

with the exception of automatic bleeder vents and

rim space vents.

2. Each opening must be equipped with a gasketed

cover, with the exception of automatic bleeder vents,

rim space vents, roof drains, and leg sleeves.

3. Each access hatch and gauge float well is to be

equipped with covers which can be bolted or

fastened when the cover is closed.

4. Each automatic bleeder vent and rim space vent is to

be equipped with a gasket.

5. Each roof drain which empties into the managed

liquid is to be equipped with a slotted membrane

fabric cover which covers at least 90 percent of the

opening.

6. Each unslotted and slotted guide pole is to be

equipped with a gasketed sliding cover or flexible

fabric sleeve seal. 

7. Each unslotted guide pole is to have a gasketed cap

on the end of the pole.

8. Each slotted guide pole is to be equipped with a

gasketed float or other device which closes off the

surface from the atmosphere.
 Chapter 4 - Tank Requirements

4-7

If a tank ceases to hold

off-site material for a

period of one year or

more, subsequent

introduction of off-site

material into the tank

will be considered an

initial operation for the

purposes of

§§ 63.695(b)(2)(i)(A)

and (B).

9. Each gauge hatch and each sample well is to be

equipped with a gasketed cover.

Operation

C Filling of the tank must be continuous and accomplished

as soon as practical.

C Openings in the roof, with the exception of automatic

bleeder vents, rim space vents, roof drains, and leg

sleeves, must be maintained in the closed position

except when they must be opened for access.

C Covers on access hatches and gauge floats are to be

bolted or fastened when they are in the closed position.

C Automatic bleeder vents are to be set closed at all times

when the roof is floating with the exception of when it is

being floated off or is being landed on the leg supports. 

Rim space vents must only be open when the external

floating roof is not floating or when the pressure beneath

the rim exceeds the manufacturer’s recommended

settings.

C The cap on the end of each unslotted guide pole is to be

secured in the closed position at all times except when

measuring the level or collecting samples of the liquid in

the tank.

C The cover on each gauge hatch or sample well is to kept

closed at all times except when the hatch or well must be

opened for access.

C Both the primary seal and the secondary seal are to

completely cover the annular space between the external

floating roof and the tank wall at all times except during

inspections.

Inspection/Monitoring

C Measure the gaps between the tank wall and the primary

seal as well as the gaps between the tank wall and the

secondary seal within 60 days after initial operations of

the tank following installation of the floating roof and,

thereafter, at least once every five years.
 Chapter 4 - Tank Requirements

4-8

General

Recordkeeping

requirements can be

found in Chapter 14.

If you choose to use a

control device, be sure

to also see the

chapters on closedvent systems and

control devices.

C Measure the total surface area of the gaps in the primary

seal and in the secondary seal individually. Measure at

one or more floating roof levels when the roof is floating

off the roof supports and measure around the entire

perimeter of the floating roof in each place where a 0.32

cm diameter uniform probe passes freely. Also measure

the circumferential distance of each measured location.

Use probes of different sizes to accurately determine the

width of the gap and multiply the width by its respective

circumferential distance. Total gap area is calculated by

summing all of the gap surface areas for both the primary

seal and the secondary seal individually, and then

dividing by the nominal diameter of the tank.

C Make certain that you maintain all of the required

records for every inspection conducted which must

include the following.

1. Tank ID number (or other unique identifier)

2. The date of the inspection

3. For each defect record: The location of the defect, the

date of detection, and corrective action taken to

repair the defect. 

C Any defect must be repaired within 45 calender days of

detection. If within this 45-day period the defect cannot

be repaired, you may be allowed two 30-day extensions. 

Under this circumstance, you must record a description

of the defect, explain why alternative storage capacity is

not available, and specify a schedule of actions to ensure

equipment will be repaired as soon as possible.

C Be certain to also maintain any records specified in the

General Recordkeeping requirements of this document.

If I choose to vent to a control device, how do I comply with the

rule?

Meet the standards in § 63.685(g) which are described as

follows:

Design

C Use a fixed roof with a closure device which is designed

to form a continuous barrier over the entire surface area 
 Chapter 4 - Tank Requirements

4-9

of the liquid in the tank. The roof and the closure devices

are to be constructed of suitable materials so as to 

minimize the exposure of the off-site material to the

atmosphere. Openings not vented to a control device

are to be equipped with a closure device.

C If the pressure in the vapor headspace is less than

atmospheric pressure then there must be no visible

cracks, holes, gaps or other open spaces in the closure

device or between the perimeter of the cover opening

and the closure device.

C If the pressure in the vapor headspace is greater than

atmospheric pressure, then the closure device is to

operate with no detectable organic emissions.

Operation

C Closure devices are to be maintained in a closed position

with the exception of the following times:

1. Accessing the tank for performing routine inspection,

maintenance, or other activities needed for normal

operation.

2. Removal of accumulated sludge or other residues

from the bottom of the tank.

3. Opening of a safety device to avoid an unsafe

condition.

Inspection/Monitoring

C Check for defects that could result in air emissions by

visually inspecting the fixed roof and its closure devices. 

Defects include: visible cracks, holes, or gaps in the roof

sections or between the roof and the separator wall;

broken, cracked, or otherwise damaged seals or gaskets

on closure devices; and broken or missing hatches,

access covers, caps, or other closure devices. Make

certain that you maintain all of the required records for

every inspection conducted which must include the

following.

1. Tank ID number (or other unique identifier)

2. The date of the inspection
 Chapter 4 - Tank Requirements

4-10

3. For each defect record: The location of the defect, the

date of detection, and corrective action taken to 

repair the defect.

C Perform the initial inspection following installation of the

fixed roof and thereafter at least once every calendar

year, unless you determine that the inspection would

expose a worker to dangerous, hazardous, or otherwise

unsafe conditions. If this is the case, you must maintain

documentation which designates the equipment as

“unsafe” and explains why the equipment is unsafe. You

must also implement a written plan to inspect the

equipment as frequently as is practicable.

C Any defect must be repaired within 45 calender days of

detection. If within this 45-day period the defect cannot

be repaired, you may be allowed two 30-day extensions. 

Under this circumstance, you must record a description

of the defect, explain why alternative storage capacity is

not available, and specify a schedule of actions to ensure

equipment will be repaired as soon as possible.

C Be certain to also maintain any records specified in the

General Recordkeeping requirements of this document

(see Chapter 14).

If I choose to uses a pressure tank, how do I comply with the rule?

Meet the standards in § 63.685(h) which are described as

follows:

Design

C The tank is to be designed so that it does not vent to the

atmosphere as a result of the compression of the vapor

headspace during filling.

C All closure devices are to be designed to operate with no

detectable organic emissions.

Operation

C The tank is to be operated as a closed system that does

not vent to the atmosphere with the exception of the

following conditions:
 Chapter 4 - Tank Requirements

4-11

Use “Procedure TCriteria for and

Verification of a

Permanent or

Temporary Total

Enclosure” under 40

CFR 52.741.

1. Opening of a safety device to avoid an unsafe

condition.

2. Purging of the inerts from the tank so long as the

purge stream is routed to a closed-vent system and

control device (see section on closed-vent systems

and section on control devices for further guidance).

C Be certain to also maintain any records specified in the

General Recordkeeping requirements of this document.

 If I choose to use an enclosure vented through a closed-vent

system to an enclosed combustion control device, how do I comply

with the rule?

Meet the standards in § 63.685(i) which are described as

follows:

Design

C The tank is to be located inside an enclosure which

meets the criteria for a total permanent enclosure. The

enclosure may have permanent or temporary openings to

allow worker access; passage of material into or out of

the enclosure by conveyor, vehicles, or other mechanical

means; entry of permanent mechanical or electrical

equipment; or to direct airflow into the enclosure.

C The enclosure is to be vented through a closed-vent

system to an enclosed combustion control device which

meets the standards for either a vapor incinerator, boiler,

or process heater.

Operation

C Opening of a safety device is allowed at any time

conditions require it to avoid an unsafe condition.

C Closed-vent systems are to be operated in accordance

with the requirements for closed-vent systems (see

closed-vent system section).

C Combustion control devices are to be operated in

accordance with the requirements of control devices (see

control devices section).
 Chapter 4 - Tank Requirements

4-12

*see closed-vent

systems section and

control devices

section for further

inspection guidance

Inspection/Monitoring*

C You must perform the verification procedure for the

enclosure initially when the enclosure is first installed

and, thereafter, annually.
 Chapter 4 - Tank Requirements

4-13

Table 4.1. Standards: Tanks

Question No. Compliance Requirement

1. Do you use a tank to manage off-site material with a

maximum HAP vapor pressure greater than or

equal to 76.6 kPA?

Yes, go to question 6 

No, go to question 2

2. Do you use a tank to manage for a waste

stabilization process (defined in § 63.681)?

Yes, go to question 6

No, go to question 3

3. For new and existing sources, determine whether

you will need to use Tank Level 1 controls or Tank

Level 2 controls. For existing sources, this can be

determined in Table 3 of the rule. For new sources,

this can be determined in Table 4 of the rule.

Level 1, go to

question 4

Level 2, go to

question 5

4. If you use Tank Level 1 controls, meet the following

requirements:

ë Determine the maximum HAP vapor

pressure of the off-site material before the

first time it is placed in the tank.

ë Make a new determination any time a

change in the off-site material could make a

change in the maximum HAP vapor

pressure.

ë Control air emissions in accordance with

40 CFR 63 subpart OO.

ë As an alternative, control air emissions in

accordance with Tank Level 2

requirements.

ë As an alternative, a tank used as an interim

transfer point may operate without a cover

during those periods of transfer. At all other

times, air emissions must be controlled as

stated in subpart OO.

Level 1 controls must

meet the requirements

of § 63.685(c)

If you meet Tank

Level 1 requirements,

you are done with this

section.
 Chapter 4 - Tank Requirements

Table 4.1. Standards: Tanks

Question No. Compliance Requirement

4-14

5. If you use Tank Level 2 controls, use one of the

following tanks:

Check one of the following:

ë A fixed-roof tank equipped with an internal

floating roof that meets the requirements of

§ 63.685(e).

ë A tank equipped with an external floating

roof that meets the requirements of

§ 63.685(f).

ë A tank vented through a closed-vent system

to a control device in accordance with the

requirements of § 63.685(g).

ë A pressure tank designed and operated in

accordance with § 63.685(h).

ë A tank located inside an enclosure that is

vented through a closed-vent system to an

enclosed combustion control device in

accordance with § 63.685(i).

Level 2 controls must

meet the requirements

of § 63.685(d)

If you meet Tank Level

2 requirements, you are

done with this section. 

6. If your tank is used for a waste stabilization process,

control air emissions by using Tank Level 2

controls.

Go to question 5

If not go to question 7

7. If your tank manages off-site material having a

maximum HAP vapor pressure $ 76.6 kPa use one

of the following tanks:

Check one of the following:

ë A tank vented through a closed-vent system

to a control device.

ë A pressure tank.

ë A tank located inside an enclosure that is

vented through a closed-vent system to an

enclosed combustion control device.

Follow the

requirements of 

§ 63.685(g)

§ 63.685(h)

§ 63.685(i),

respectively.
Chapter 5 - Oil-Water and Organic-Water Separator Air

Emission Control, Inspection and Monitoring Requirements 

5-1

See table 5.1 for a

walk-through of the

standards for oil-water

and organic-water

separators.

What are the air emission control standards for oil-water and

organic-water separators?

 • Use air emission controls per 40 CFR 63 subpart VV.

Use any one of the following three alternatives 

1. A separator equipped with an external floating roof.

2. A separator equipped with a fixed roof vented through a

closed-vent system to a control device.

3. A pressurized separator that operates as a closed system.

If I choose to use a separator equipped with an external floating

roof, how do I comply with the rule?

Meet the standards in § 63.1043 which are described as

follows:

Design

C The external floating roof must be designed to float on

the liquid surface during normal operations. It must also

be equipped with two continuous seals, one above the

other, between the wall of the separator and the roof

edge (The primary being the lower seal and the

secondary being the upper seal). The primary seal must

meet the following specifications:

1. It must be a liquid mounted seal or a metallic shoe

seal.

2. Total area of the gaps between the separator wall and

the primary seal must not exceed 67 cm2 per meter

of separator wall perimeter and the width of any

portion of these gaps are not to exceed 3.8 cm. 

The secondary seal must meet the following

specifications:

1. It is to be mounted above the primary seal and cover

the annular space between the floating roof and the

wall of the separator.
Chapter 5 - Oil-Water and Organic-Water Separator Requirements

5-2

If a separator ceases to

hold off-site material for

a period of one year or

more, subsequent

introduction of off-site

material into the tank

will be considered an

initial operation for the

purposes of

§§ 63.1043(b)(1)(i)

and (ii).

2. Total area of the gaps between the separator wall are

not to exceed 6.7 cm2 per meter of separator wall

perimeter, and the width of any portion of these gaps

is not to exceed 1.3 cm.

C Each opening in the floating roof is to be equipped with

a closure device designed so that when the closure

device is closed there are no visible cracks, holes, gaps

or other open spaces in the closure device or between

the perimeter of the opening and the closure device.

C A floating roof may be equipped with an emergency roof

drain for the removal of stormwater. These drains are to

be equipped with either a slotted membrane that covers

at least 90 percent of the area of the opening or a flexible

fabric sleeve seal.

Operation

C The floating roof must float on the liquid and any closure

device must be maintained in the closed position with

the exception of the following times:

1. To provide access to the separator for performing

routine inspection, maintenance, or other activity

required for normal operations.

2. To remove accumulated sludge from the bottom of

the separator. 

Inspection/Monitoring

C Measure the gaps between the separator wall and the

primary seal as well as the gaps between the separator

wall and the secondary seal within 60 days after initial

operations of the separator following installation of the

floating roof; thereafter, measure the gaps at least once

every five years.

C Measure the total surface area of the gaps in the primary

seal and in the secondary seal individually. Measure at

one or more floating roof levels when the roof is floating

off the roof supports and measure around the entire

perimeter of the floating roof in each place where a 0.32

cm diameter uniform probe passes freely. Also measure 
Chapter 5 - Oil-Water and Organic-Water Separator Requirements

5-3

For General

Recordkeeping

requirements, see

Chapter 14.

If you choose to use a

control device, be sure

to also see the

chapters on closedvent systems and

control devices

(Chapters 11 and 12).

the circumferential distance of each measured location.

Use probes of different sizes to accurately determine the

width of the gap and multiply the width by its respective

circumferential distance. Total gap area is calculated by

summing all of the gap surface areas for both the primary

seal and the secondary seal individually, and then

dividing by the nominal diameter of the separator. 

Maintain a record of all the measurements performed

including the raw data obtained and the calculations

performed to determine the total gap surface area. 

C If your floating roof’s total gap surface area exceeds the

allowed surface area, you must maintain records that

describe the repairs which were made and the date upon

which these repairs were made or when the separator

was emptied.

C Make certain that you maintain all of the required

records for every inspection conducted which must

include the following.

1. Separator ID number (or other unique identifier)

2. The date of the inspection

3. For each defect, record: The location of the defect,

the date of detection, and corrective action taken to

repair the defect. 

C You must also maintain documentation describing the

design of the floating roof installed on the separator

including the dimensions of the floating roof. Be certain

to also maintain any records specified in the General

Recordkeeping requirements of this document.

If I choose to use a fixed roof vented through a closed-vent system

to a control device, how do I comply with the rule?

Meet the standards in § 63.1044 which are described as

follows:

Design

• Use a fixed roof with a closure device which is designed

to form a continuous barrier over the entire surface area

of the liquid in the separator. The roof and the closure 
Chapter 5 - Oil-Water and Organic-Water Separator Requirements

5-4

devices are to be constructed of suitable materials so as

to minimize the exposure of the off-site material to the

atmosphere. Openings not vented to a control device

are to be equipped with a closure device.

C If the pressure in the vapor headspace is less than

atmospheric pressure then there must be no visible 

cracks, holes, gaps, or other open spaces in the closure

device or between the perimeter of the cover opening

and the closure device.

C If the pressure in the vapor headspace is greater than

atmospheric pressure, then the closure device is to

operate with no detectable organic emissions.

Operation

C Closure devices are to be maintained in a closed position

and the vapor headspace underneath the fixed roof is to

be vented to a control device with the exception of the

following times:

1. Accessing the separator for performing routine

inspection, maintenance, or other activities needed

for normal operation.

2. Removing accumulated sludge or other residues

from the bottom of the separator.

3. Opening of a safety device to avoid an unsafe

condition.

Inspection/Monitoring

C Check for defects that could result in air emissions by

visually inspecting the fixed roof and its closure devices. 

Defects include: visible cracks, holes, or gaps in the roof

sections or between the roof and the separator wall;

broken, cracked, or otherwise damaged seals or gaskets

on closure devices; and broken or missing hatches,

access covers, caps, or other closure devices. Make

certain that you maintain all of the required records for

every inspection conducted which must include the

following.

1. Separator ID number (or other unique identifier)
Chapter 5 - Oil-Water and Organic-Water Separator Requirements

5-5

For General

Recordkeeping

requirements, see

Chapter 14.

2. The date of the inspection

3. For each defect record: The location of the defect, the

date of detection, and corrective action taken to

repair the defect. 

C Perform the initial inspection following installation of the

fixed roof and thereafter at least once every calendar

year, unless you determine that the inspection would

expose a worker to dangerous, hazardous, or otherwise

unsafe conditions. If this is the case, you must maintain

documentation which designates the equipment

as“unsafe” and explains why the equipment is unsafe. 

You must also implement a written plan to inspect the

equipment as frequently as is practicable.

C Any defect must be repaired within 45 calender days of

detection with the first effort at repair within 5 calender

days of detection. If you determine that a separator must

be emptied or taken out of service to perform the repair

and no alternative separator capacity is available, then

repair may be delayed until the next time the material

generating unit stops operation and must be completed 

before the generating unit resumes operation. Under this

circumstance, you must record the reason for the delay

and the date the completion of the repair is expected.

C Be certain to also maintain any records specified in the

General Recordkeeping requirements of this document.

If I choose to use a pressurized separator, how do I comply with

the rule?

Meet the standards in § 63.1045 which are described as

follows:

Design

C The separator is to be designed so that it does not vent to

the atmosphere during operation of the separator at its

design capacity.

C All closure devices are to be designed to operate with no

detectable organic emissions.
Chapter 5 - Oil-Water and Organic-Water Separator Requirements

5-6

Operation

C The separator is to be operated as a closed system that

does not vent to the atmosphere except under the

following conditions:

1. Opening of a safety device to avoid an unsafe

condition.

2. Purging of the inerts from the separator so long as the

purge stream is routed to a closed-vent system and

control device (see Chapter 11 on closed-vent

systems and Chapter 12 on control devices for further

guidance).

C Be certain to also maintain any records specified in the

General Recordkeeping requirements of this document

(see Chapter 14).
Chapter 5 - Oil-Water and Organic-Water Separator Requirements

5-7

Table 5.1. Standards: Oil-Water and Organic-Water Separators

Question No. Compliance Requirement

1. Control air emissions from oil-water and organicwater separators using one of the following:

Check one of the following:

ë A floating roof.

ë A fixed-roof that is vented through a closedvent system to a control device (where a

floating roof is infeasible).

ë A pressurized separator that operates as a

closed system.

Each option must

comply with the

applicable provisions in

40 CFR 63

subpart VV–National

Emissions Standards for

Oil-Water Separators

and Organic-Water

Separators.
This page is intentionally left blank.
Chapter 6 - Surface Impoundment Air Emission Control,

Inspection, and Monitoring Requirements

6-1

See Table 6.1 for a

walk-through of the

standards for surface

impoundments.

What are the air emission control standards for surface

impoundments?

• Use air emission controls per 40 CFR 63 subpart QQ

Use a surface impoundment equipped with either of the

following two alternatives:

1. Floating Membrane Cover

2. A cover that is vented through a closed-vent system to a

control device

If I choose to use a floating membrane cover, how do I comply

with the rule?

Meet the standards in § 63.942 which are described as

follows:

Design

C Design the floating membrane cover so that it floats on

the liquid surface during normal operations forming a

continuous barrier over the entire surface area of the

liquid. There must be no visible cracks, holes, gaps, or

other open spaces between the cover section seams or

between the interface of the cover edge and its

foundation mountings.

C There are two types of materials that can be used for the

cover construction. They are:

1. A high density polyethylene (HDPE) with a thickness

of no less than 2.5 mm.

or

2. A material or composite of materials which have

organic permeability properties equivalent to

(HDPE), and will maintain its integrity for its intended

service life.
Chapter 6 - Surface Impoundment Requirements

6-2

C All openings are to be equipped with a closure device. 

The rule does allow for an emergency cover drain for the

removal of stormwater so long as it is equipped with

either a slotted membrane fabric cover which covers at

least 90 percent of the opening, or a flexible fabric sleeve

seal. Closure devices are to be made of materials so as

to minimize exposure of the regulated material to the

atmosphere.

Operation

C The floating membrane cover must float on the liquid,

and any closure device must be maintained in the closed

position with the exception of the following times:

1. Accessing the separator for performing routing

inspection, maintenance, or other activity required

for normal operations.

2. Removing accumulated sludge from the bottom of

the separator. 

3. Opening of a safety device to avoid an unsafe

condition.

C Spring-loaded pressure-vacuum relief valves,

conservation valves, or any other similar type of pressure

relief device may vent to the atmosphere during normal

operations in order to maintain the vapor headspace

underneath the cover within the design cover

specifications. At all other times, these devices must be

maintained so as to operate with no detectable organic

emissions.

Inspection/Monitoring

C Check for defects that could result in air emissions by

visually inspecting the cover and its closure devices. 

Defects include: visible cracks, holes, or gaps in the

cover section seams or between the interface of the

cover edge and its foundation mountings; broken,

cracked, or otherwise damaged seals or gaskets on

closure devices; and broken or missing hatches, access

covers, caps, or other closure devices. Make certain that

you maintain all of the required records for every

inspection conducted which must include the following:
Chapter 6 - Surface Impoundment Requirements

6-3

For General

Recordkeeping

requirements, see

Chapter 14.

If you choose to use a

control device, be sure

to also see the

chapters on closedvent systems and

control devices

(Chapters 11 and 12).

1. Surface impoundment ID number (or other unique

identifier)

2. The date of the inspection

3. For each defect record: The location of the defect, the

date of detection, and corrective action taken to

repair the defect. 

C Perform the initial inspection following installation of the

membrane cover and thereafter at least once every

calendar year, unless you determine that the inspection

would expose a worker to dangerous, hazardous, or

otherwise unsafe conditions. If this is the case, you must

maintain documentation which designates the equipment

as “unsafe” and explains why the equipment is unsafe. 

You must also implement a written plan to inspect the

equipment as frequently as is practicable.

C Any defect must be repaired within 45 calender days of

detection with the first effort at repair within 5 calender

days of detection. If you determine that a separator must

be emptied or taken out of service to perform the repair

and no alternative separator capacity is available, then

repair may be delayed until the next time the material

generating unit stops operation and must be completed

before the generating unit resumes operation. Under this

circumstance, you must record the reason for the delay

and the date the completion of the repair is expected.

C Be certain to also maintain any records required in the

General Recordkeeping requirements of this document.

If I choose to use a cover vented to a control device, how do I

comply with the rule?

Meet the standards in § 63.943 which are described as

follows:

Design

C Use a cover which is designed to form a continuous

barrier over the entire surface area of the liquid in the

separator. Openings not vented to a control device are to

be equipped with a closure device. The cover and the

closure devices are to be constructed of suitable

materials so as to minimize the exposure of the off-site 
Chapter 6 - Surface Impoundment Requirements

6-4

material to the atmosphere. 

C If the pressure in the vapor headspace is less than

atmospheric pressure then there must be no visible

cracks, holes, gaps or other open spaces in the closure

device or between the perimeter of the cover opening

and the closure device.

C If the pressure in the vapor headspace is greater than

atmospheric pressure, then the closure device is to 

operate with no detectable organic emissions.

Operation

C Closure devices are to be maintained in a closed position

and the vapor headspace underneath the cover is to be

vented to a control device with the exception of the

following times:

1. Accessing the separator for performing routine

inspection, maintenance, or other activities needed

for normal operation.

2. Removing accumulated sludge or other residues

from the bottom of the separator.

3. Opening of a safety device to avoid an unsafe

condition.

Inspection/Monitoring

C Check for defects that could result in air emissions by

visually inspecting the cover and its closure devices. 

Defects include: visible cracks, holes, or gaps in the

cover section seams or between the interface of the

cover edge and its foundation mountings; broken,

cracked, or otherwise damaged seals or gaskets on

closure devices; and broken or missing hatches, access

covers, caps, or other closure devices. Make certain that

you maintain all of the required records for every

inspection conducted which must include the following.

1. Surface container ID number (or other unique

identifier)

2. The date of the inspection

3. For each defect record: The location of the defect, the

date of detection, and corrective action taken to 
Chapter 6 - Surface Impoundment Requirements

6-5

General

Recordkeeping

requirements can be

found in Chapter 14.

repair the defect. 

C Perform the initial inspection following installation of the

cover and thereafter at least once every calendar year,

unless, you determine that the inspection would expose

a worker to dangerous, hazardous, or otherwise unsafe

conditions. If this is the case, you must maintain

documentation which designates the equipment as 

“unsafe” and explains why the equipment is unsafe. You

must also implement a written plan to inspect the

equipment as frequently as is practicable.

C Any defect must be repaired within 45 calender days of

detection with the first effort at repair within 5 calender

days of detection. If you determine that a separator must

be emptied or taken out of service to perform the repair

and no alternative separator capacity is available, then

repair may be delayed until the next time the material

generating unit stops operation and must be completed

before the generating unit resumes operation. Under this

circumstance, you must record the reason for the delay

and the date the completion of the repair is expected.

C Be certain to also maintain any records specified in the

General Recordkeeping requirements of this document.
Chapter 6 - Surface Impoundment Requirements

6-6

Table 6.1. Standards: Surface Impoundments

Question No. Compliance Requirement

1. Control air emissions from each surface

impoundment by using one of the following

Check one of the following:

ë A floating membrane cover.

ë A cover that is vented through a closed-vent

system to a control device, which meets the

standards in § 63.693.

Each option must

comply with the

applicable provisions in

40 CFR 63

subpart QQ–National

Emissions Standards for

Surface Impoundments.
Chapter 7 - Container Air Emission Control, Inspection, and

Monitoring Requirements

7-1

Light material service

means that a container is

used to manage material

where the vapor pressure of

one or more organic

constituents is greater than

.3 Kpa at 20E C and the

total concentration of the

pure organic constituents

having such vapor pressure

is equal to or greater than

20 percent by weight of the

off-site material. 

See Table 7.1 for a

walk-through of the

standards for

containers.

Container Level 1

control standards can

be found in § 63.922.

What are the air emission control, inspection, and monitoring

requirements for containers?

• Use the required control level (Level 1, 2, or 3) as

determined by container size, organic content of the

off-site material, and how the container is used.

• There are no controls required by this rule for containers

# 0.1 m3 (.26 gal)

• Use Level 1 controls per 40 CFR 63, subpart PP for

containers # 0.46 m3 (. 119 gal), and for

containers > 0.46 m3 not in “light material service.” 

• Use Level 2 controls per 40 CFR 63, subpart PP for

containers > 0.46 m3 in “light material service.” 

• Use Level 3 controls per 40 CFR 63, subpart PP for

containers > 0.1 m3 used in a waste stabilization

process.

C The rule does allow you to use more stringent air

emission controls. For example, if you are required to

use Level 1 controls you may instead control air

emissions by using Level 2 or Level 3 controls. If you are

required to use Level 2 controls, you may use Level 3

controls instead.

If I have a container using Level 1 controls, how do I comply with

the rule?

There are three types of containers that can be used to meet

Level 1 controls. They are as follows:

1. A container that meets the applicable U.S. Department of

Transportation regulations on packaging hazardous

material for transportation.

2. A container equipped with a cover and closure devices

forming a continuous barrier over the container.

3. An open-top container with an organic vapor-suppressing

barrier placed on or over the regulated material so that 
Chapter 7 - Container Requirements

7-2

no material is exposed to the atmosphere.

Design

C The container and its closure devices are to be made of

suitable materials so as to minimize exposure of the

material to the atmosphere. 

Operation

C You must install all covers and closure devices for the

container and maintain each closure device in the closed

position any time material is being kept in the container. 

C Covers and closure devices may be opened for the

following occasions:

1. Adding material. All closure devices and covers are

to be closed upon completion of the fill if the fill is a

continuous process. For batch process, covers and

closure devices are to be closed at the end of each

batch fill any time there is a 15 minute interval

between batches, the person performing the fill

leaves the immediate vicinity, or there is a shutdown

in the generating facility.

2. Removing material. Empty containers may be left

open to the atmosphere. If the container is not

completely emptied, and there will be a 15 minute

interval before any more material is removed, or the

person performing the removal leaves the vicinity,

then the cover and closure devices must be

maintained in the closed position.

3. Access. Access is allowed for routine maintenance.

4. Maintain Internal Pressure. Pressure may be

maintained in accordance with the container design

specifications by opening a spring-loaded pressurevacuum relief valve, conservation vent, or similar

type of pressure relief valve. At all other times these

valves or vents are to remain closed.

5. Safety. A safety device may be opened to avoid an

unsafe condition.
Chapter 7 - Container Requirements

7-3

For General

Recordkeeping

requirements, see

Chapter 14.

Container Level 2

control standards can

be found in § 63.923.

Inspection/Monitoring

C Any time a container which is not emptied arrives at a

facility, you must visually inspect it within 24 hours of

receiving the container. Check for cracks, holes, gaps, or

other open spaces into the interior of the container when

the cover and closure devices are secured in the closed

position. This inspection must be completed on or

before the time the container is accepted at the facility.

C If you have an container at your facility which has

remained unopened for one year or more, then the

container, its cover, and its closure devices are to be

inspected initially and at least once every 12 months. 

Check for cracks, holes, gaps, or other open spaces into

the interior of the container when the cover and closure

devices are secured in the closed position.

C The first attempt to repair any defect must be made

within 24 hours of detecting the defect and repair is to be

completed no later than 5 calendar days after detection. 

If this time schedule cannot be met, then the container is

to be emptied and taken out of service.

C Be certain to maintain any records required in the

General Recordkeeping requirements of this document.

If I have a container using Level 2 controls, how do I comply with

the rule?

There are three types of containers that can be used to meet

the Level 2 controls. They are as follows:

1. A container that meets the applicable U.S. Department of

Transportation regulations on packaging hazardous

material for transportation.

2. A container that has been demonstrated to operate with

no detectable organic emissions.

3. A container that has been demonstrated to be vapor-tight

using Method 27.

Handling of Material

C Transfer of material into or out of a container must be

done in a manner so as to minimize exposure of the 
Chapter 7 - Container Requirements

7-4

material to the atmosphere.

Operation

C You must install all covers and closure devices for the

container and maintain each closure device in the closed

position any time material is being kept in the container. 

C Covers and closure devices may be opened for the

following occasions.

1. Adding material. All closure devices and covers are

to be closed upon completion of the fill if the fill is a

continuous process. For batch process, covers and

closure devices are to be closed at the end of each

batch fill any time there is a 15 minute interval

between batches, the person performing the fill

leaves the immediate vicinity, or there is a shutdown

in the generating facility.

2. Removing material. Empty containers may be left

open to the atmosphere. If the container is not

completely emptied, and there will be a 15 minute

interval before any more material is removed, or the

person performing the removal leaves the vicinity,

then the cover and closure devices must be

maintained in the closed position.

3. Access. Access is allowed for routine maintenance.

4. Maintain Internal Pressure. Pressure may be

maintained in accordance with the container design

specifications by opening a spring-loaded pressurevacuum relief valve, conservation vent, or similar

type of pressure relief valve. At all other times these

valves or vents are to remain closed.

5. Safety. A safety device may be opened to avoid an

unsafe condition.

Inspection/Monitoring

C Any time a container which is not emptied arrives at a

facility, you must visually inspect it within 24 hours of

receiving the container. Check for cracks, holes, gaps, or

other open spaces into the interior of the container when

the cover and closure devices are secured in the closed

position. This inspection must be completed on or

before the time the container is accepted at the facility.
Chapter 7 - Container Requirements

7-5

Container Level 3

control standards can

be found in § 63.924.

If you choose to use a

control device, be sure

to also see the

chapters on closedvent systems and

control devices

(Chapters 11 and 12).

C If you have a container at your facility which has

remained unopened for one year or more, then the 

container, its cover and closure devices are to be

inspected initially and at least once every 12 months. 

Check for cracks, holes, gaps, or other open spaces into

the interior of the container when the cover and closure

devices are secured in the closed position.

C The first attempt to repair any defect must be made

within 24 hours of detecting the defect and repair is to be

completed no later than five calendar days after

detection. If this time schedule cannot be met, then the

container is to be emptied and taken out of service.

C Be certain to maintain any records required in the

General Recordkeeping requirements of this document.

If I have a container using Level 3 controls, how do I comply with

the rule?

You have two options for meeting the Level 3 controls. They

are as follows:

1. A container that is vented directly through a closed-vent

system to a control device. 

or

2. A container that is vented inside an enclose which is

exhausted through a closed-vent system to a control

device.

A container vented directly through a closed-vent system to a control

device

C See the section on closed-vent systems and the section

on control devices for the appropriate Design, Operating,

and Inspection and Monitoring requirements.

A container vented inside an enclosure through a closed-vent system

to a control device

Design

C The container is to be located inside an enclosure which

meets the criteria for a total permanent enclosure. The 
Chapter 7 - Container Requirements

7-6

For General

Recordkeeping

requirements see

Chapter 14.

enclosure may have permanent or temporary openings to

allow worker access; passage of material into or out of 

the enclosure by conveyor, vehicles, or other mechanical

means; entry of permanent mechanical or electrical 

equipment; or to direct airflow into the enclosure.

C The enclosure is to be vented through a closed-vent

system to a control device.

Inspection/Monitoring

C See the section on closed-vent systems and the section

on control devices for the Inspection/Monitoring

requirements.

C Maintain records of the most recent set of calculations

and measurements to verify that your enclosure meets

the criteria specified in “Procedure T–Criteria for and

Verification of a Permanent or Temporary Total

Enclosure” under 40 CFR 52.741, Appendix B. Be

certain to also maintain any general records required

which are explained in the General Recordkeeping

section of this document. 
Chapter 7 - Container Requirements

7-7

Table 6.1. Standards: Containers

Question No. Compliance Requirement

1. Does the container have a design capacity greater

than 0.1 m3?

Yes, go to question 2

No, STOP, these

standards do not apply

to the container.

2. Is the container used for a waste stabilization

process?

Yes, go to question 9

No, go to question 3

3. Does the container have a design capacity greater

than 0.1 m3 and less than or equal to 0.46 m3?

Yes, go to question 4

No, go to question 5

4. Control air emissions in accordance with the

following requirements:

ë Control air emissions in accordance with

the standards for Container Level 1 controls.

ë Alternatively, you may choose to control air

emissions in accordance with Container

Level 2 or Container Level 3 standards.

Container Level 1, 2,

and 3 controls are

found in 40 CFR 63

subpart PP–National

Emission Standards for

Containers.

5. Does the container have a design capacity greater

than 0.46 m3?

Yes, go to question 6

No, go to question 2 (If

you’ve already

answered question 2,

then you are done with

this section)

6. Is the container in light-material service as defined

in § 63.681?

Yes, go to question 8

No, go to question 7

7. Control air emissions in accordance with the

following requirements:

ë Control air emissions in accordance with

the standards for Container Level 1 controls.

ë Alternatively, you may choose to control air

emissions in accordance with Container

Level 2 or Container Level 3 standards.

Container Level 1, 2,

and 3 controls are

found in 40 CFR 63

subpart PP–National

Emission Standards for

Containers.
Chapter 7 - Container Requirements

Table 6.1. Standards: Containers

Question No. Compliance Requirement

7-8

8. If you answered “yes” to question 5 and question 6

then control air emissions in accordance with the

following requirements:

ë Control air emissions in accordance with

the standards for Container Level 2 controls.

ë Alternatively, you may choose to control air

emissions in accordance with Container

Level 3 standards.

Container Level 2 and 3

controls are found in

40 CFR 63 subpart

PP–National Emission

Standards for

Containers.

9. If the container has a design capacity greater than

0.1 m3 and is used for treatment of off-site material

by a waste stabilization process, control air

emissions in accordance with the standards for

Container Level 3 controls.

Container Level 3

controls are found in

40 CFR 63 subpart

PP–National Emission

Standards for

Containers.
Chapter 8 - Transfer System Air Emission Control,

Inspection, and Monitoring Requirements

8-1

See Table 8.1 for a

walk-through of the

standards for transfer

systems.

What are the air emission control, inspection, and monitoring

requirements for transfer systems?

The requirements depend on the type of transfer system you

use. If...

...you use an individual drain system - use air emission

controls per 40 CFR 63, subpart RR.

...you use any other type of transfer system - use air

emission controls per § 63.689(c).

If I use an individual drain system subject to subpart RR, how do I

comply with the rule?

To comply with subpart RR you must use one or a

combination of the following to control air emissions from your

individual drain system:

1. Covers, water seals, and other air emission control

equipment. The standards for these items are discussed

later in this chapter.

2. Hard-piping.

3. Venting of the individual drain system through a closedvent system to a control device. The internal pressure in

the vapor headspace is to be kept below atmospheric

pressure when the control device is operating.

Design

Your individual drain system must be designed so that it

keeps the organic vapors, which come from the regulated material,

from entering into any other individual drain system that is not

controlled for air emissions in accordance with subparts RR and DD. 

There are also several specific standards for each part of the drain

system. Standards exist for the following:

1. Drains

2. Junction Boxes

3. Sewer Lines
 Chapter 8 - Transfer System Requirements

8-2

If you choose to use a

control device, be sure

to also see the

chapters on closedvent systems and

control devices

(Chapters 11 and 12).

Drains

C There are two options in controlling air emissions from

drains:

1. Use a water seal which either has the outlet to the

pipe discharging the regulated material extending

below the liquid surface of the water seal. OR Install

a flexible shield or other device which restricts wind

motion across the open space between the outlet of

the pipe discharging the regulated material and the

drain.

or

2. Use a closure device which is designed so that it has

no visible cracks, holes, gaps, or other open spaces

between the perimeter of the drain opening and the

closure device when it is secured in the closed

position.

Junction Boxes

C The junction box is to be equipped with a closure

device. The closure device must have no visible cracks,

holes, gaps, or other open spaces neither in the closure

device nor between the perimeter of the junction box

opening and the closure device when the closure device

is secured in the closed position.

C If a junction box is vented, it must be vented through a

closed-vent system to a control device. A junction box

may vent to the atmosphere if all of the following

conditions are met:

1. The junction box is filled and emptied by gravity flow

(no pump) or is operated with no more than slight

fluctuations in the liquid level.

2. The vent pipe installed on the junction box is at least

90 centimeters in length and no greater than 10.2 cm

in diameter.

3. Water seals are installed at the liquid entrance(s) or

exit from the junction box. (You may need to

demonstrate, upon request from EPA, that the

junction box water seal is properly designed and

restricts ventilation).
 Chapter 8 - Transfer System Requirements

8-3

Sewage Line

C Each sewer line is not to open to the atmosphere, and

must be covered or closed so that there are no visible

cracks, holes, gaps, or other open spaces in the sewer

line joints, seals, or other emission interfaces.

Operation

C Each closure device is to be maintained in the closed

position at any time there is regulated material in the

system. (Closure devices may be opened to facilitate

sampling, removal of material, equipment inspection,

maintenance, or repair.)

C The liquid in each water seal is to be maintained at the

appropriate level (see “Drains” section on page 8-2 for

the appropriate liquid level for water seals).

C If you are venting to a control device, you must also

comply with the standards for closed-vent systems and

control devices in subpart DD. (See Chapter 11 on

closed-vent systems and Chapter 12 on control devices

for guidance on these standards).

Inspection/Monitoring

C Inspect all of the following initially and thereafter at least

once every year.

1. Drain. If a water seal is used, inspect it to ensure that

appropriate liquid levels are being maintained. If a

closure device is being used, visually inspect the

drain to ensure that there are no defects.

2. Junction Box. Visually inspect each junction box to

ensure that the closure devices are in place and that

there are no defects.

3. Sewer Line. Visually inspect the unburied portion of

the sewer line to verify that all closure devices are in

place and that there are no defects.

C The first attempt at repairing any defect must be made no

later than five calendar days after detection. Repairs

must be completed no later than 15 calendar days after

detection. If you determine that the repair of any defect 
 Chapter 8 - Transfer System Requirements

8-4

would require the emptying or temporary removal of

service of the individual drain system you may delay

repair until the next time the process unit or unit that is

generating the regulated material stops operation. The

repairs must be completed, however, before the process

unit resumes operation.

If I use any other type of transfer system subject to § 63.689(c),

how do I comply with the rule?

For any transfer system other than an individual drain system

you have three options to control air emissions. They are:

1. A transfer system that uses covers

2. A transfer system that consist of continuous hard piping

3. A transfer system that is enclosed and vented through a

closed-vent system to a control device

If I choose to use a transfer system using covers, how do I comply

with the rule?

Meet the standards in § 63.689(d) which are described as

follows:

Design

C The cover and its closure devices must form a

continuous barrier over the off-site material as it is

conveyed by the transfer system. The cover and its

closure devices must be made of suitable material so as

to minimize exposure of the off-site material to the

atmosphere. Inlet and Outlet openings are to be of a

minimum size.

C There must be no visible cracks, holes, gaps, or other

open spaces between the cover section joints or between

the interface of the cover edge and its mounting.

C All opening (with the exception of the inlet and outlet

openings) must be covered with closure devices. There

must be no visible cracks, holes, gaps, or other open

spaces between the perimeter of the opening and the

closure devices.
 Chapter 8 - Transfer System Requirements

8-5

Operation

C Each closure device must be kept in the closed position

at any time off-site material is in the transfer system. 

Closure devices may, however, be opened when off-site

material is in the system under the following

circumstances:

1. Routine inspection, maintenance, repair, or other

activities needed for normal operation.

2. A safety device may be opened in order to avoid an

unsafe condition.

Inspection/Monitoring

C Check for defects, which could result in air emissions, by

visually inspecting the cover and its closure devices.

Defects include visible cracks, holes, or gaps in the cover

sections or between the cover and its mounting; broken

cracked, or otherwise damaged seals or gaskets on

closure devices; and broken or missing hatches, access

covers, caps, or other closure devices.

C Perform an initial inspection following installation of the

cover; thereafter, inspections must be performed at least

once every calendar year unless you determine that the

inspection would expose a worker to dangerous,

hazardous, or otherwise unsafe conditions. If this is the

case, you must maintain documentation which

designates the equipment as “unsafe” and explains why

the equipment is unsafe. You must also implement a

written plan to inspect the equipment as frequently as is

practicable.

C The first attempt at repairing any defect must be made no

later than five calendar days after detection. Repairs

must be completed no later than 45 calendar days after

detection. If you determine that the repair of any defect

would require the emptying or temporary removal of

service of the transfer system you may delay repair until

the next time the process unit or unit that is generating

the regulated material stops operation. The repairs must

be completed, however, before the process unit resumes

operation.
 Chapter 8 - Transfer System Requirements

8-6

General

Recordkeeping

requirements can be

found in Chapter 14.

*Be certain to maintain a record of any defect, including the

date detected, description of the defect, and the date of

repair.

If I choose to use hard piping, how do I comply with the rule?

Meet the standards in § 63.689(c)(2) which are described as

follows:

Design/Operation/Inspection/Monitoring

C All joints or seams between the pipe sections are to be

permanently or semi-permanently sealed.

C Be certain to also maintain any records required by the

General Recordkeeping requirements.

If I choose to use a transfer system that is enclosed and vented

through a closed-vent system to a control device, how do I comply

with the rule?

Design/Operation/Inspection/Monitoring

C Design the transfer system so that the internal pressure in

the vapor headspace in the enclosure is maintained at a

level less than atmospheric pressure when the control

device is operating.

C Be certain that you meet the requirements for closed-vent

systems and control devices including design, operation,

inspection/monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting.
 Chapter 8 - Transfer System Requirements

8-7

Table 8.1. Standards: Transfer Systems

Question No. Compliance Requirement

1. Is the transfer system an individual drain system? Yes, go to question 2

No, go to question 3

2. Control air emissions in accordance with 40 CFR

63 subpart RR–National Emission Standards for

Individual Drain Systems.

If you meet these

requirements, you are

done with this section.

3. Use one of the following transfer systems:

Check one of the following:

ë A transfer system that uses covers in

accordance with § 63.689(d).

ë A transfer system that consists of continuous

hard-piping, will all joints or seams between

the pipe sections being permanently or

semi-permanently sealed.

ë A transfer system that is enclosed and

vented through a closed-vent system to a

control device. The transfer system must be

operated so that the internal pressure in the

vapor headspace in the enclosure is

maintained at a level less than atmospheric

pressure when the control device is

operating, and the closed-vent system and

control device meet the requirements of

§ 63.693.

If the transfer system

uses covers then go to

question 4. If not, then

you are done with this

section.

4. If a transfer system uses covers, then you must meet

the following requirements:

Check all of the following:

ë The cover and its closure devices must form

a continuous barrier over the entire surface

area of the off-site material as it is conveyed

by the transfer system.

There may be openings

in the inlet/outlet so

long as they are of a

minimal size for

practical operation.
 Chapter 8 - Transfer System Requirements

Table 8.1. Standards: Transfer Systems

Question No. Compliance Requirement

8-8

4. (continued) ë There must be no cracks, holes, gaps or

other open spaces between cover section

joints or between the interface of the cover

edge and its mounting.

ë There must be no visible cracks, holes,

gaps, or other open spaces when the

closure device is secured in the closed

position.

ë The cover and its closure devices must be

made of material that will minimize

exposure of the off-site material to the

atmosphere.

ë Whenever an off-site material is in the

transfer system, the cover shall be installed

with the closure device secure in the closed

position.

Factors to consider

when selecting material

include: organic vapor

permeability; the effect

of contact with vapors;

exposure to wind,

moisture, and sunlight;

and the operating

systems on which the

cover is installed.
Chapter 9 - Process Vent Air Emission Control, Inspection,

and Monitoring Requirements

9-1

What are the air emission control, inspection, and monitoring

requirements for process vents?

• Vent through a closed-vent system to $95% control

device.

Alternatively.....

C You can determine, before placing the material in the

process equipment associated with the process vent, that

the average VOHAP concentration of the off-site material

is less than 500 parts per million by weight at the point

of delivery.

• For process vent requirements see Table 9.1.
9-2

Table 9.1

Off-Site Waste and Recovery Operations NESHAP

Compliance Options: Process Vents

If a process vent is part of an affected source, two primary regulatory

options exist. The following provides a condensed listing of the

compliance options and requirements that are available.

Choose one

Meet the requirements of one

of the following.

Option 1 Option 2

Follow the standards in § 63.690

Route the vent stream from each

process vent through a closed-vent

system to a control device1

 that meets

the standards of § 63.693.

Determine before placing material in

the process equipment associated

with the process vent that the average

VOHAP concentration2 of the off-site

material< 500 ppmw at the point of

delivery.

1. A primary condenser is not considered a control device;

however, a secondary condenser or other organic

recovery device that is operated downstream of the

primarycondenser is considered a control device.

2. Perform the initial determination of the average VOHAP

concentration as specified in § 63.694(b). Thereafter

review and update this determination at least once every

calendar year.
Chapter 10 - Equipment Leak Air Emission Control,

Inspection, and Monitoring Requirements

10-1

What are the air emission control, inspection, and monitoring

requirements for equipment leaks?

• These requirements apply to leaks from equipment

components (e.g., pumps and valves) that contain or

contact "off-site material" having an organic HAP

concentration $ 10%.

• You must implement a leak detection and repair (LDAR)

program and meet the applicable equipment standards in

accordance with either:

– Fugitive Emission Sources NESHAP under 40 CFR 61

subpart V

or

– Hazardous Organic NESHAP (HON) under 40 CFR

63 subpart H
This page is intentionally left blank.
Chapter 11 - Closed-Vent System Air Emission Control,

Inspection, and Monitoring Requirements

11-1

What are the air emission control, inspection, and monitoring

requirements for closed-vent systems?

There are two types of closed-vent systems you can use to

convey a vent stream to a control device. They are:

1. A closed-vent system designed to operate with no

detectable organic emissions

2. A closed-vent system designed to operate at a pressure

below atmospheric pressure

If I use a closed-vent system designed to operate with no

detectable organic emissions, how do I comply with the rule?

Meet the standards in § 63.683(c)(1)(i) which are described

as follows:

Inspection/Monitoring

C At initial startup, monitor the closed-vent system

components and connections by using the procedures in

§ 63.694(k) (method 10 in Chapter 13 of this document)

to demonstrate that the closed-vent system operates with

no detectable organic emissions.

C After initial startup, visually inspect the closed-vent

system joints, seams, or other connections that are

permanently or semi-permanently sealed at least once a

year to check for defects that could result in air

emissions. Use the procedures specified in § 63.694(k)

(method 10 in Chapter 13 of this document) to

demonstrate that the system operated with no detectable

organic emission following any time a component is

repaired or replaced or a connection is unsealed.

C All other closed-vent system components or connections

other than those specified in the previous paragraph are

to be monitored at least once per year using the

procedures specified in § 63.694(k) (method 10 in

Chapter 13 of this document) to show that components 
Chapter 11 - Closed-Vent System Requirements

11-2

If you use a closedvent system designed

to operate at or below

atmospheric pressure,

you must install a

pressure gauge to

monitor the pressure

in the closed-vent

system. You use this

gauge to verify that

the pressure in the

system is at or below

atmospheric pressure.

or connections operate with no detectable organic

emissions.

C Make the first attempt to repair any defect detected no

later than 5 calendar days after detection, and the repair

must be completed no later than 45 days after detection. 

If repair is either infeasible without shutting down the

process or would result in more emissions than by

delaying the repair until the process could be stopped,

then repair may be delayed beyond the 45 day limit so

long as repair is completed before the process resumes

operation.

C Be certain to also maintain any records required in the

Recordkeeping section of the rule. Guidance for these

requirements is available in Chapter 14.

If I choose to use a closed-vent systems designed to operate at a

pressure at or below atmospheric pressure, how do I comply with

the rule?

Meet the standards in § 63.683(c)(1)(ii) which are described

as follows:

Inspection/Monitoring

C Check for defects in the closed-vent system that could

result in air emissions by visually inspecting the system. 

Defects include: visible cracks, holes, or gaps in the

ductwork or piping; loose connections; or broken or

missing caps on other closure devices.

C Perform an initial inspection following installation of the

closed-vent system; thereafter, inspections must be

performed at least once every calendar year unless you

determine that the inspection would expose a worker to

dangerous, hazardous, or otherwise unsafe conditions. If

this is the case, you must maintain documentation which

designates the equipment as “unsafe” and explains why

the equipment is unsafe. You must also implement a 

written plan to inspect the equipment as frequently as is

practicable.

C Make the first attempt to repair any defect detected no

later than 5 calendar days after detection, and the repair 
Chapter 11 - Closed-Vent System Requirements

11-3

must be completed no later than 45 days after detection. 

If repair is either infeasible without shutting down the

process or would result in more emissions than by

delaying the repair until the process could be stopped,

then repair may be delayed beyond the 45-day limit

when the process can be stopped so long as repair is

completed before the process resumes operation.

C Be certain to also maintain any records required in the

Recordkeeping section of the rule. Guidance for these

requirements is available in Chapter 14.

If I use a bypass device, what requirements must I meet?

If a closed-vent system includes a bypass device that could

be used to divert a vent stream to the atmosphere at a point

upstream of the control device inlet, then it must be equipped with

either a flow indicator, or a seal or locking device. Low leg drains,

high point bleeds, analyzer vents, open-ended valves or lines, or

pressure relief valves needed for safety reasons are exempt from this

requirement.

Flow Indicator

C The flow indicator is to be installed at the entrance to the

bypass line. It must indicate a reading at least once every

15 minutes. You must maintain records of the following:

1. Hourly records of whether the flow indicator was

operating, and whether flow was detected at any

time during that hour.

2. Records of all periods when the flow is detected or

the flow indicator is not operating.

Seal or Locking Device

C The bypass line valve must be secured in the nondiverting position with a car-seal or lock-and-key type

configuration. The mechanism which controls the

bypass device must not be able to be moved to the 

“diverting” position without either breaking the seal or

removing the lock. You must inspect the seal or closure

mechanism at least once every month to ensure that the

bypass line valve is maintained in the non-diverting

position. 
This page is intentionally left blank.
Chapter 12 - Control Device Air Emission Control,

Inspection, and Monitoring Requirements

12-1

What are the air emission control, inspection, and monitoring

requirements for control devices?

There are five options for controlling air emissions from offsite material operations. They are:

1. Carbon Adsorption Systems

2. Condensers

3. Vapor Incinerators

4. Boilers and Process Heaters

5. Flares

The requirements for these five control device types will be

explained in this chapter.

What are the requirements for a carbon adsorption system?

Requirements

C Recover 95 percent or more of the Total Organic

Compounds (TOC) contained in the vent stream entering

the system.

or

C Recover 95 percent or more, on a weight basis, of the

total HAP listed in Table 1 of subpart DD.

Compliance Demonstration

C You may choose to conduct a performance test to

demonstrate compliance. If you do, follow the

requirements of § 63.694(l) (method 11 of Chapter 13).

or

C You may choose to perform a design analysis to

demonstrate compliance. If you do, follow the

requirements of § 63.693(d)(2)(ii)(A) or (B).
 Chapter 12 - Control Device Requirements

12-2

Monitoring

C You must use one of the following types of monitoring

systems for a carbon adsorption system:

1. For regenerative type systems you can use a

continuous parameter monitoring system to measure

and record stream mass flow or volumetric flow

during each carbon bed regeneration cycle. It must

have an accuracy of ± 10 percent along with a

continuous parameter monitoring system to measure

and record average carbon bed temperature during

the carbon bed steaming cycle and the actual carbon

bed temperature after regeneration within 15 minutes

of completing the cooling cycle. It must have an

accuracy of ±5 degrees Celsius or ± 1 percent of the

temperature being measured.

2. A continuous monitoring system (CMS) to measure

and record the daily average concentration level of

organic compounds in the exhaust gas stream from

the control device. It must have an accuracy of

±1 percent.

3. A CMS that measures other alternative operating

parameters upon approval from the administrator.

How do I manage the carbon from my carbon adsorption system?

C Replace Carbon on a regular, predetermined time

schedule that is not longer than the carbon service life.

C Spent carbon must be either regenerated, reactivated, or

burned in one of the following units:

1. Thermal treatment unit (need permit under 40 CFR

part 270 implementing 40 CFR part 264 subpart X).

2. Regenerated or reactivated in a thermal treatment

unit equipped with and operating with air emission

controls in accordance with subpart DD.

3. Regenerated or reactivated in a thermal treatment

unit equipped with and operating with air emission

controls in accordance with another subpart in

40 CFR part 61 or part 63.

4. Burned in a hazardous waste incinerator (need

permit under 40 CFR part 270 implementing 40 CFR

part 264 subpart O).
 Chapter 12 - Control Device Requirements

12-3

5. Burned in a hazardous waste incinerator which you

design and operate in accordance with the interim

status requirements of 40 CFR part 265 subpart O.

6. Burned in a boiler or industrial furnace (need permit

under 40 CFR part 270 implementing 40 CFR part

266 subpart H).

7. Burned in a boiler or industrial furnace which you

design and operate in accordance with 40 CFR part

266 subpart H. 

What are the requirements for a condenser?

Requirements

C Recover 95 percent or more of the Total Organic

Compounds (TOC) contained in the vent stream entering

the system.

or

C Recover 95 percent or more, on a weight basis, of the

total HAP listed in Table 1 of subpart DD.

Compliance Demonstration

C You may choose to conduct a performance test to

demonstrate compliance. If you do, follow the

requirements of § 63.694(l) (method 11 of Chapter 13).

or

C You may choose to perform a design analysis to

demonstrate compliance. If you do, follow the

requirements of § 63.693(e)(2)(ii).

Monitoring

C You must choose one of the following types of

monitoring systems for a condenser control device:

1. A continuous parameter monitoring system to

measure and record the daily average temperature of

the exhaust gases from the control device. Accuracy

must be ± 1 percent of the temperature being

measured or ± 5 degrees Celsius.

2. A continuous monitoring system (CMS) to measure

and record the daily average concentration level of 
 Chapter 12 - Control Device Requirements

12-4

organic compounds in the exhaust gas stream from

the control device. It must have an accuracy of ±1

percent.

3. A CMS that measures other alternative operating

parameters upon approval from the administrator.

What are the requirements for a vapor incinerator?

Requirements

C Destroy the total organic compounds (TOC) by 95

percent or more, on a weight basis; or achieve a total

incinerator outlet concentration, for the TOC, of less than

20 parts per million by volume (ppmv) on a dry basis

corrected to 3 percent oxygen.

or

C Destroy the HAP listed in Table 1 of subpart DD by 95

percent or more, on a weight basis; or achieve a total

incinerator outlet concentration, for the HAP listed in

Table 1, of 20 parts per million by volume (ppmv) on a

dry basis corrected to 3 percent oxygen.

or

C Maintain the conditions in the vapor incinerator

combustion chamber at a residence time of 0.5 seconds

or longer at a temperature of 760E C or higher.

Compliance Demonstration

C You may choose to conduct a performance test to

demonstrate compliance. If you do, follow the

requirements of § 63.694(l) (method 11 of Chapter 13).

or

C You may choose to perform a design analysis to

demonstrate compliance. If you do, follow the

requirements of § 63.693(f)(2)(ii)(A) or (B).
 Chapter 12 - Control Device Requirements

12-5

Monitoring

C You must choose one of the following types of

monitoring systems for a vapor incinerator control

device:

1. For a thermal vapor incinerator, you may use a

continuous parameter monitoring system to measure

and record the daily average temperature of the

exhaust gases from the control device. Accuracy

must be ± 1 percent of the temperature being

measured expressed in degrees Celsius of ±0.5E C.

2. For a catalytic vapor incinerator, you may use a

temperature monitoring device capable of monitoring

temperature at two locations equipped with a

continuous recorder. The first sensor must be placed

as near to the catalyst bed inlet as is feasible. The

second sensor must be placed as near to the catalyst

bed outlet as is feasible.

3. A continuous monitoring system (CMS) to measure

and record the daily average concentration level of

organic compounds in the exhaust gas stream from

the control device. It must have an accuracy of ±1

percent.

4. A CMS that measures other alternative operating

parameters upon approval from the administrator.

What are the requirements for boilers and process heaters?

Requirements

C Destroy the total organic compounds (TOC) by

95 percent or more, on a weight basis; or achieve a total

incinerator outlet concentration, for the TOC, of less than

20 parts per million by volume (ppmv) on a dry basis

corrected to 3 percent oxygen.

or

C Destroy the HAP listed in Table 1 of subpart DD by

95 percent or more, on a weight basis; or achieve a total

incinerator outlet concentration, for the HAP listed in

Table 1, of 20 parts per million by volume (ppmv) on a

dry basis corrected to 3 percent oxygen.

or
 Chapter 12 - Control Device Requirements

12-6

C Maintain the conditions in the boiler or process heater

combustion chamber at a residence time of 0.5 seconds

or longer at a temperature of 760E C or higher.

or

C Introduce the vent stream with the fuel that provides the

predominate heat input for the boiler or process heater.

(Be certain to maintain the records which demonstrate

this).

or

C Introduce the vent stream to a boiler or process heater for

which you have a permit under 40 CFR 270 and

complies with the requirements of 40 CFR 266 subpart

H; or has certified compliance with the interim status

requirements of 40 CFR part 266 subpart H. (Be certain

to maintain the records that demonstrate this).

Compliance Demonstration

C You may choose to conduct a performance test to

demonstrate compliance. If you do, follow the

requirements of § 63.694(l) (method 11 of Chapter 13).

or

C You may choose to perform a design analysis to

demonstrate compliance. If you do, follow the

requirements of § 63.693(g)(2)(i)(B).

Monitoring

C You must choose one of the following types of

monitoring systems for a boiler or process heater control

device:

1. A continuous parameter monitoring system to

measure and record the daily average combustion

zone temperature. Accuracy must be ± 1 percent of

the temperature being measured expressed in

degrees Celsius of ±0.5 degrees C.

2. A continuous monitoring system (CMS) to measure

and record the daily average concentration level of

organic compounds in the exhaust gas stream from

the control device. It must have an accuracy of

±1 percent.
 Chapter 12 - Control Device Requirements

12-7

3. A CMS that measures other alternative operating

parameters upon approval from the administrator.

What are the requirements for flare control devices?

Requirements

C The flare must be designed and operated in accordance

with 40 CFR 63.11(b).

Compliance Demonstration

C Perform all of the following:

1. Visible emission test (as specified in 40 CFR

63.11(b)(4)).

2. Determine the net heating value of the gas being

combusted in the flare (as specified in 40 CFR

63.11(b)(6)).

3. Determine the flare exit velocity (as specified in

40 CFR 63.11(b)(7) or (8).

C A previous compliance demonstration may be used if the

following conditions are met:

1. You used the same procedures as specified

previously.

2. No flare operating parameter or process changes

have occurred since completion of the compliance

demonstration which could affect the results.

Monitoring

C You must monitor the operation using a heat sensing

monitoring device that continuously detects the presence

of a pilot flame. You must record for each 1-hour period

whether the monitor was continuously operating and

whether a pilot flame was continuously present during

each hour.
 Chapter 12 - Control Device Requirements

12-8

Are there any other general requirements that I must meet for my

control device?

Inspection and monitoring requirements

C Use a continuous parameter monitoring system to

measure the operating parameter or parameters specified

for the control device in § 63.693(d) through § 63.693(g)

as applicable to the type and design of the control

device. The monitoring system must measure and

continuously record either an instantaneous value at least

once every 15 minutes. Calculate block average values

for each 1-hour or shorter period from all measured data

values recorded during each period. If the values are

measured more frequently than once per minute, a single

value for each minute may be used to calculate the

hourly block average instead of all measured values.

C The monitoring system must be installed, calibrated,

operated, and maintained in accordance with the

manufacturer’s specifications or other written procedures

that provide reasonable assurance that the monitoring

equipment is operating properly.

C Calculate the daily average value for each monitored

operating parameter using data recorded by the

monitoring system. If operation of the control device is

continuous, the operating day is a 24-hour period. If the

control device operation is not continuous, the operating

day is the total number of hours of control device

operation per 24-hour period.

C Establish a minimum (or a maximum if applicable)

operating parameter value for each monitored operating

parameter to define the range of conditions at which the

control device must be operated to continuously achieve

the applicable performance requirements specified in

§ 63.693(b)(2). Each minimum or maximum operating

parameter value must be established using one of the

following:

1. Performance test: establish the minimum or

maximum operating parameter value based on values

measured during the performance test and

supplemented, as necessary, by the control device 
 Chapter 12 - Control Device Requirements

12-9

design specifications, manufacturer

recommendations, or other applicable information.

2. Design Analysis: establish the minimum or maximum

operating parameter value based on the control

device manufacturer recommendations or other

applicable information.

How do I know if I have had an excursion?

C An excursion for a given control device is determined to

have occurred when the monitoring data or lack thereof

results in any one of the criteria specified below being

met. When multiple operating parameters are monitored

for the same control device and during the same

operating day more than one of these operating

parameters meets an excursion criterion specified in

§ 63.695(e)(4)(i) through § 63.695(e)(4)(iii), then a single

excursion is determined to have occurred for the control

device for that operating day. Any of the following is

considered an excursion:

1. The daily average value of a monitored operating

parameter is less than the minimum operating

parameter limit (or, if applicable, greater than the

maximum operating parameter limit) established for

the operating parameter in accordance with the 

requirements of § 63.695(e)(3) of this section.

2. The period of control device operation is 4 hours or

greater in an operating day and the monitoring data

are insufficient to constitute a valid hour of data for at

least 75 percent of the operating hours. Monitoring

data are insufficient to constitute a valid hour of data

if measured values are unavailable for any of the

15-minute periods within the hour.

3. The period of control device operation is less than

four hours in an operating day and more than one of

the hours during the period does not constitute a

valid hour of data due to insufficient monitoring data. 

Monitoring data are insufficient to constitute a valid

hour of data if measured values are unavailable for

any of the 15-minute periods within the hour. 
 Chapter 12 - Control Device Requirements

12-10

C For each excursion, except as provided for in

§ 63.695(e)(6), it will be deemed that you have failed to

apply control in a manner that achieves the required

operating parameter limits. Failure to achieve the

required operating parameter limits is a violation of this

standard.

C An excursion is not a violation of this standard under any

one of the conditions specified in § 63.695(e)(6)(i) and

§ 63.695(e)(6)(ii) when the excursion occurs during any

one of the following periods:

1. A period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction when

the affected facility is operated during such period in

accordance with the facility's startup, shutdown, and

malfunction plan;

or

2. Periods of non-operation of the unit or the process

that is vented to the control device (resulting in

cessation of HAP emissions, to which the monitoring

applies).

C For each control device, one excused excursion is

allowed per semiannual period for any reason. The

initial semiannual period is the 6-month reporting period

addressed by the first semiannual report submitted by the

owner or operator in accordance with § 63.697(b)(4). 

Nothing in § 63.695(e)(1) through § 63.695(e)(6) shall be

construed to allow or excuse a monitoring parameter

excursion caused by any activity that violates other

applicable provisions of 40 CFR Part 63 Subpart DD.

What if inspection of my equipment is dangerous?

C Subsequent inspection and monitoring of equipment

may be performed at intervals longer than one year if it is

determined that performing the required inspection or

monitoring procedures would expose a worker to

dangerous, hazardous, or otherwise unsafe condition and

the facility, and complies with the requirements specified

in § 63.695(f)(1) and § 63.695(f)(2) as follows:

1. You must prepare and maintain at the facility written

documentation identifying the specific air pollution

control equipment designated as “unsafe to 
 Chapter 12 - Control Device Requirements

12-11

inspect and monitor.” The documentation must

include, for each piece of air pollution control

equipment designated as such, a written explanation

of the reasons why the equipment is unsafe to inspect

or monitor using the applicable procedures under

this section.

2. You must also develop and implement a written plan

and schedule to inspect and monitor the air pollution

control equipment using the applicable procedures

specified in this section during times when a worker

can safely access the air pollution control equipment. 

The required inspections and monitoring must be

performed as frequently as practicable but do not

need to be performed more frequently than the

periodic schedule that would be otherwise

applicable to the air pollution control equipment

under the provisions of this section. A copy of the

written plan and schedule must be maintained at the

facility.
This page is intentionally left blank.
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-1

Does the rule require me to use any test methods?

There are several test methods and equations that are applicable to

this rule. They are as follows:

1. Determining the average VOHAP concentration for off-site

material streams at the point-of-delivery [§ 63.694(b)].

2. Determining the average VOHAP concentration for treated

off-site material streams at the point-of-treatment

[§ 63.694(c)].

3. Determining the treatment process VOHAP concentration

limit (CR) [§ 63.694(d)].

4. Determining the treatment process required HAP mass

removal rate (RMR) [§ 63.694(e)].

5. Determining the treatment process actual HAP mass removal

rate (MR) [§ 63.694(f)].

6. Determining the treatment process required HAP reduction

efficiency (R) [§ 63.694(g)].

7. Determining the treatment process required HAP

biodegradation efficiency (Rbio) [§ 63.694(h)].

8. Determining the treatment process required actual HAP mass

removal rate (MRbio) [§ 63.694(i)].

9. Determining the maximum organic HAP vapor pressure of

the off-site material in tanks [§ 63.694(j)].

10. Determining no detectable organic emissions [§ 63.694(k)].

11. Determining closed-vent system and control device

performance compliance [§ 63.694(l)].

12. Determining the process vent stream flow rate and total HAP

concentration [§ 63.694(m)].
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-2

To determine the

average VOHAP

concentration of an

off-site material stream

at the point-of-delivery

follow the procedures

outlined in

§ 63.694(b)

For Methods 624 and

625, If the method is

used to analyze one or

more compounds that

are not on the

method’s published

list of approved

compounds, the

Alternative Test

Procedure specified in

40 CFR 136.4 and

136.5 must be

followed.

1. Determining the average VOHAP concentration for an offsite material stream at the point-of-delivery.

1a. Determine the average VOHAP concentration for off-site

material streams at the point-of-delivery using either

direct measurement as specified in 1b or by knowledge

as specified in 1c.

1b. Direct measurement

1. Sampling. Collect samples in a manner such that

volatilization of material is minimized and the

sample adequately representative for a selected

method.

2. Record the averaging period (which may not exceed

one year). Handle all samples (of which at least four

shall be collected) in accordance with written

procedures which describe how the collecting

procedures comply with 1b(1) and maintain written

procedures on-site in the facility operating records.

3. Analysis. Prepare and analyze each collected sample

in accordance with one of the following methods.

B. Method 305 in 40 CFR part 63, appendix A

C. Method 25D in 40 CFR part 60, appendix A

C. Method 624 in 40 CFR part 136, appendix A

D. Method 625 in 40 CFR part 136, appendix A. For 

the purpose of using this method to comply with 

this subpart, you must perform corrections to these 

compounds based on the “accuracy as recovery” 

using the factors in Table 7 of the method. 

E. Method 1624 in 40 CFR part 136, appendix A

F. Method 1625 in 40 CFR part 136, appendix A
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-3

G. Method 8260 and 8270. As an alternative, you may

use any more recent, updated version of

Method 8260 or 8270 approved by the EPA. For the

purpose of using Method 8260 or 8270 to comply

with 40 CFR Part 63 Subpart DD, you must maintain

a formal quality assurance program consistent with

Section 8 of Method 8260 or 8270, and this program

must include the following elements related to

measuring the concentrations of volatile compounds:

1. Documentation of site-specific procedures to

minimize the loss of compounds due to

volatilization, biodegradation, reaction, or

sorption during the sample collection, storage,

and preparation steps.

2. Documentation of specific quality assurance

procedures followed during sampling, sample

preparation, sample introduction, and analysis.

3. Measurement of the average accuracy and

precision of the specific procedures, including

field duplicates and field spiking of the off-site

material source before or during sampling with

compounds having similar chemical

characteristics to the target analytes.

H. Any other analysis methods that have been validated

in accordance with the procedures specified in

Section 5.1 and Section 5.3 and the corresponding

calculations in Section 6.1 or Section 6.3 of Method

301 in 40 CFR part 63, appendix A. The data are

acceptable if they meet the criteria specified in

Section 6.1.5 or Section 6.3.3 of Method 301. If

correction is required under Section 6.3.3 of Method

301, the data are acceptable if the correction factor is

within the range of 0.1 to 1.30. Other sections of

Method 301 are not required.
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-4

C '

1

QT

x j

n

i ' 1

Qix Ci

4. Calculations. Calculate the average VOHAP concentration

(C ̄) on a mass-weighted basis by using the results for all

samples analyzed in accordance with 1b(3) and the

following equation. An owner or operator using a test

method that provides species-specific chemical

concentrations may adjust the measured concentrations to

the corresponding concentration values which would be

obtained had the off-site material samples been analyzed

using Method 305. To adjust these data, the measured

concentration for each individual HAP chemical species

contained in the off-site material is multiplied by the

appropriate species-specific adjustment factor (fm305) listed in

Table 1 in the rule.

where:

 

 

 

 —

C = Average VOHAP concentration of the off-site material at

the point-of-delivery on a mass-weighted basis, ppmw. 

i = Individual sample “i” of the off-site material.

n = Total number of samples of the off-site material collected

(at least 4) for the averaging period (not to exceed

1 year).

Qi = Mass quantity of off-site material stream represented by

Ci, kg/hr. 

QT = Total mass quantity of off-site material during the

averaging period, kg/hr.

Ci = Measured VOHAP concentration of sample “i” as

determined in accordance with the requirements of

§ 63.694(a), ppmw.

1c. Knowledge

1. Prepare documentation that presents the basis of the

knowledge.

2. If test data is used as the basis for the knowledge then

document the test method, sampling protocol and means

by which sampling variability and analytical variability

are accounted for.
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-5

C '

1

QT

×

n

j

i'1

(Qi× Ci)

To determine the

average VOHAP

concentration of an

off-site material stream

at the point-oftreatment use the

procedures specified

in § 63.694(c).

3. If species-specific chemical concentration test data is

used as the basis of the knowledge then the data may be

adjusted as if it had been obtained under Method 305.

4. If the Administrator and the owner or operator disagree

over the VOHAP concentration gained by knowledge

then direct measurement shall be used. 

2. Determining the average VOHAP concentration of an off-site

material stream at the point-of-treatment.

2a. To determine the average VOHAP concentration of an offsite material stream at the point of treatment, samples of the

off-site material stream shall be collected at the point-oftreatment in a manner such that volatilization of organics

contained in the sample is minimized and an adequately

representative sample is collected and maintained for

analysis by the selected method. Each collected sample shall

be prepared and analyzed in accordance with one of the

methods listed previously in 1b and in § 63.694(b)(2)(ii)(A)

through § 63.694(b)(2)(ii)(I) as applicable to the sampled offsite material for the purpose of measuring the HAP listed in

Table 1 in the rule.

2b. Calculations. Calculate the average VOHAP concentration 

(C ̄) on a mass-weighted basis by using the results for all

samples analyzed in accordance with § 63.694(c)(2) and by

using the following equation. If you are using a test method

that provides species-specific chemical concentrations you

may adjust the measured concentrations to the

corresponding concentration values which would be

obtained had the off-site material samples been analyzed

using Method 305. To adjust these data, the measured

concentration for each individual HAP chemical species

contained in the off-site material is multiplied by the

appropriate species-specific adjustment factor (fm305) listed in

Table 1 in the rule.
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-6

CR'

j

m

x ' 1

Qxx Cx% j

n

y ' 1

Qyx 500 ppmw

j

m

x ' 1

Qx% j

n

y ' 1

Qy

To determine the

VOHAP concentration

limit use the

procedures specified

in § 63.694(d)

where:

 

 —

C = Average VOHAP concentration of the off-site material on

a mass-weighted basis, ppmw. 

i = Individual sample "i" of the off-site material.

n = Total number of samples of the off-site material collected

(at least 4) for the averaging period (not to exceed

1 year).

Qi = Mass quantity of off-site material stream represented by

Ci, kg/hr. 

QT = Total mass quantity of off-site material during the

averaging period, kg/hr.

Ci = Measured VOHAP concentration of sample "i" as

determined in accordance with the requirements of

§ 63.694(a), ppmw

3. Determining the treatment process VOHAP concentration

limit.

3a. Identify all off-site material streams entering the process. 

Prepare and analyze the average VOHAP concentration of

each off-site material stream at the point-of-delivery in

accordance with one of the methods listed previously in 1b

and in § 63.694(b). Calculate the VOHAP concentration

limit by using the results determined for each individual offsite material stream and the following equation:

where,

CR = VOHAP concentration limit, ppmw

x = Individual off-site material stream “x” that has a VOHAP

concentration less than 500 ppmw at the

point-of-delivery

y = Individual off-site material stream “y” that has a VOHAP

concentration equal to or greater than 500 ppmw at the

point-of-delivery

m = Total number of “x” off-site material streams treated by

process
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-7

RMR '

n

j

y'1

V

y

× k

y

×

C

y

& 500 ppmw

106

To determine required

HAP mass removal

rate (RMR) use the

procedures specified

in § 63.694(e).

n = Total number of “y” off-site material streams treated by

process

Qx = Total mass quantity of off-site material stream “x,” kg/yr

Qy = Total mass quantity of off-site material stream “y,” kg/yr

 

 

 —

Cx = VOHAP concentration of off-site material stream “x” at

the point-of-delivery, ppmw

4. Determining required HAP mass removal rate (RMR).

4a. Identify each individual stream containing HAP that enters

the treatment process.

4b. Determine the average VOHAP concentration at the point-of 

-delivery for each stream identified in 4a using the test

methods and procedures specified in § 63.694(b)

4c. For each stream identified in 4a that has an average VOHAP

concentration $500 ppmw at the point-of-delivery,

determine the average volumetric flow rate and the density

of the off-site material stream at the point-of-delivery. 

4d. Calculate the required HAP mass removal rate (RMR) by 

using the average VOHAP concentration, average volumetric

flow rate, and density determined in 4c of this section for

each stream and the following equation:

where:

RMR = Required HAP mass removal rate, kg/hr. 

y = Individual stream “y” that has a VOHAP

concentration equal to or greater than 500 ppmw at

the point-of-delivery as determined in § 63.694(b).

n = Total number of “y” streams treated by process.

Vy = Average volumetric flow rate of stream "y" at the

point-of-delivery, m3/hr.

ky = Density of stream “y,” kg/m3

 —

Cy = Average VOHAP concentration of stream “y” at the

point-of-delivery as determined in § 63.694(b)(2),

ppmw.
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-8

MR ' Eb& Ea

To determine actual

HAP mass removal

rate (MR) use the

procedures specified

in § 63.694(f).

Use the test methods

and procedures

specified in

§ 63.694(g)(2) through

§ 64.694(g)(4).

To determine the

treatment process

HAP reduction

efficiency (R) use the 

procedures specified

in § 63.694(g).

5. Determining the actual HAP mass removal rate (MR).

5a. Base the actual HAP mass removal rate (MR) on the results

for a minimum of three consecutive runs, each having a

sampling time of one hour.

5b. Determine the HAP mass flow entering the process (Eb) and 

exiting the process (Ea) using the test methods and

procedures specified in paragraphs 6b through 6d.

5c. Calculate the actual HAP mass removal rate using the

following equation:

where:

MR = Actual HAP mass removal rate, kg/hr

Eb = HAP mass flow entering process as determined in 

paragraph 5b of this section, kg/hr.

Ea = HAP mass flow exiting process as determined in

paragraph 5b of this section, kg/hr.

6. Determining the treatment process HAP reduction

efficiency (R).

6a. Base the HAP reduction efficiency (R) for a treatment process 

on the results for a minimum of three consecutive runs.

6b. Identify each individual stream containing HAP that enters 

and exits the treatment process. Prepare a sampling plan for

measuring the identified streams that accurately reflects the

retention time of the material in the process.

6c. For each run:

1. Determine the mass quantity for each stream, identified

in paragraph 6b, entering the process (Qb) and exiting the

process (Qa). 

2. Determine the average VOHAP concentration at the

point-of-delivery for each stream entering the process (C ̄b)

(identified in paragraph 6b) using the test methods and 
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-9

Eb'

1

106 j

m

j ' 1

Qaj x Cbj

Ea'

1

106 j

m

j ' 1

Qaj x Caj

R '

Eb& Ea

Eb

x 100

procedures specified in §63.694(b).

3. Determine the average VOHAP concentration at the

point-of-treatment for each stream exiting the process (C ̄a)

(identified in 6b) using the test methods and procedures

specified in § 63.694(c).

6d. Calculate the HAP mass flow entering the process (Eb) and 

exiting the process (Ea) using the results determined above

and the following equations:

where:

Eb = HAP mass flow entering process, kg/hr.

Ea = HAP mass flow exiting process, kg/hr.

m = Total number of runs (at least 3)

j = Individual run “j”

Qbj = Average mass quantity of material entering process

during run “j”, kg/hr.

Qaj = Average mass quantity of material exiting process during

— run “j”, kg/hr.

Caj = Average VOHAP concentration of material exiting

process during run “j” as determined in 1b, ppmw.

—

Cbj = Average VOHAP concentration of material entering

process during run “j” as determined in 1b, ppmw.

6f. Calculate the HAP reduction efficiency (R) using the HAP

mass removal rates determined above and the following

equation:
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-10

Rbio ' Fbio x 100

MRbio ' Ebx Fbio

To determine the HAP

biodegradation

efficiency (Rbio) use the

procedures specified

in § 63.694(h) 

To determine the

actual HAP mass

removal rate (MRbio)

use the procedures

specified in

§ 63.694(i)

where:

R = HAP reduction efficiency, percent.

Eb = HAP mass flow entering process as determined in

§ 63.694(g)(4) of this section, kg/hr.

Ea = HAP mass flow exiting process as determined in

accordance with the requirements of § 63.694(g)(4) of

this section, kg/hr.

7. Determining the HAP biodegradation efficiency (Rbio).

7a. Determine the fraction of HAP biodegraded (Fbio) using one

of the procedures specified in 40 CFR part 63, appendix C.

7b. Calculate the HAP biodegradation efficiency (Rbio) by using 

the following equation:

where:

Rbio = HAP biodegradation efficiency, percent.

Fbio = Fraction of HAP biodegraded as determined in 

§ 63.694(h)(1).

8. Determining the actual HAP mass removal rate (MRbio)

8a. Base the actual HAP mass removal rate (MRbio) on the results

for a minimum of three consecutive runs, each having a

sampling time of one hour.

8b. Determine the HAP mass flow entering the process (Eb) using

the test methods and procedures specified in 6b through 6d.

8c. Determine the fraction of HAP biodegraded (Fbio) using the

procedure specified in 40 CFR part 63, appendix C.

8d. Calculate the actual mass removal rate by using the HAP 

mass flow rates and fraction of HAP biodegraded determined

in 8b and 8c, respectively, and the following equation:
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-11

To determine the

maximum HAP vapor

pressure for off-site

material in a tank use

the procedures

specified in

§ 63.694(j). 

where:

 MRbio = Actual HAP mass removal rate, kg/hr.

Eb = HAP mass flow entering process, kg/hr.

 Fbio = Fraction of HAP biodegraded.

9. Determining the maximum HAP vapor pressure for off-site

material in a tank.

9a. Determine the maximum HAP vapor pressure of the off-site

material composition managed in a tank using either direct

measurement as specified in 9b or by knowledge of the offsite material as specified by 9c.

9b. Direct measurement to determine the maximum HAP vapor 

pressure of an off-site material.

1. Sampling. Collect a sufficient number of samples to be

representative of the off-site material contained in the

tank. All samples shall be collected and handled in

accordance with written procedures prepared by the

owner or operator and documented in a site sampling

plan, which describes the procedure by which

representative samples of the off-site material is collected

such that a minimum loss of organics occurs throughout

the sample collection and handling process and by

which sample integrity is maintained. Maintain a copy of

the written sampling plan on-site in the facility operating

records. An example of an acceptable sampling plan

includes a plan incorporating sample collection and

handling procedures in accordance with the

requirements specified in “Test Methods for Evaluating

Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods,” EPA

Publication No. SW–846 or Method 25D in 40 CFR part

60 appendix A.

2. Analysis. Any one of the following methods may be

used to analyze the samples and compute the maximum

HAP vapor pressure of the off-site material:

A. Method 25E in 40 CFR part 60 appendix A;

B. Methods described in American Petroleum Institute

Bulletin 2517, “Evaporation Loss from External 
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-12

For examples of

proper documentation

see § 63.694(j)(3).

To determine no

detectable organic

emission use the

procedures specified

in § 63.694(k).

Floating Roof Tanks,”;

C. Methods obtained from standard reference texts;

D. ASTM Method 2879–83; or

E. Any other method approved by the administrator.

9c. Use of knowledge to determine the maximum HAP vapor

pressure of the off-site material. Prepare and record

documentation that presents the information used as the

basis for the knowledge that the maximum HAP vapor

pressure of the off-site material is less than the maximum

vapor pressure limit listed in Table 3 or Table 4 of the rule

for the applicable tank design capacity category. 

10. Determining no detectable organic emission

 10a. Conduct the test in accordance with the procedures 

specified in Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A. 

Check each potential leak interface (i.e., a location where

organic vapor leakage could occur) on the cover and

associated closure devices. Potential leak interfaces that

are associated with covers and closure devices include, but

are not limited to: the interface of the cover and its

foundation mounting; the periphery of any opening on the

cover and its associated closure device; and the sealing

seat interface on a spring-loaded pressure-relief valve.

10b. Perform the test when the unit contains a material having a

total organic concentration representative of the range of

concentrations for the materials expected to be managed in

the unit. During the test, secure the cover and closure

devices in the closed position.

10c. The detection instrument shall meet the performance

criteria of Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A,

except the instrument response factor criteria in

section 3.1.2(a) of Method 21 shall be for the average

composition of the organic constituents in the material

placed in the unit, not for each individual organic

constituent.
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-13

10d. Calibrate the detection instrument before use on each day

of its use by the procedures specified in Method 21 of

40 CFR part 60, appendix A, using the following

calibration gases.

1. Zero air (less than 10 ppmv hydrocarbon in air); and

2. A mixture of methane or n-hexane in air at a

concentration of approximately, but less than

10,000 ppmv.

10e. You may choose to adjust or not adjust the detection

instrument readings to account for the background organic

concentration level. If you choose to adjust the instrument

readings for the background level, the background level

value must be determined according to the procedures in

Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60 appendix A.

10f. Check each potential leak interface by traversing the

instrument probe around the potential leak interface as

close to the interface as possible, as described in Method

21. In the case when the configuration of the cover or

closure device prevents a complete traverse of the

interface, all accessible portions of the interface shall be

sampled. In the case when the configuration of the closure

device prevents any sampling at the interface and the

device is equipped with an enclosed extension or horn

(e.g., some pressure relief devices), place the instrument

probe inlet at approximately the center of the exhaust area

to the atmosphere.

10g. You must determine if a potential leak interface operates

with no detectable emissions using the applicable

procedure specified as follows.

1. If you choose not to adjust the detection instrument

readings for the background organic concentration

level, then the maximum organic concentration value

measured by the detection instrument is compared

directly to the applicable value for the potential leak

interface as specified in 10h. 

2. If you choose to adjust the detection instrument

readings for the background organic concentration
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-14

Control device

performance test

procedures are found

in § 63.694(l)

Control device

percent reduction

equipment.

level, the value of the arithmetic difference between

the maximum organic concentration value measured

by the instrument and the background organic

concentration value as determined in 10e is compared

with the applicable value for the potential leak

interface as specified in 10h.

10i. A potential leak interface is determined to operate with no

detectable emissions using the applicable criteria specified

as follows

1. For a potential leak interface other than a seal around a

shaft that passes through a cover opening, the potential

leak interface is determined to operate with no

detectable organic emissions if the organic

concentration value determined in 10g is less than

500 ppmv.

2. For a seal around a shaft that passes through a cover

opening, the potential leak interface is determined to

operate with no detectable organic emissions if the

organic concentration value determined in 10g is less

than 10,000 ppmv.

11. Determining closed-vent system and control device 

 performance compliance.

11a. Use Method 1 or 1A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, as

appropriate, for selection of the sampling sites at the inlet

and outlet of the control device.

1. To determine compliance with a control device

percent reduction requirement, sampling sites shall be

located at the inlet of the control device and at the

outlet of the control device and as specified below. 

A. The control device inlet sampling site shall be

located after the final product recovery device.

B. If a vent stream is introduced with the

combustion air or as auxiliary fuel into a boiler or

process heater, select the location of the inlet

sampling sites to ensure that the measurement of

total HAP concentration or TOC concentration, 
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-15

Eo' K2 j

scalesym

scalessym150jscalesym150 ' scalesym1501

150nCojMoj Qo

Ei' K2 j

scalesym

scalesyml50jscalesyml50 ' scalesyml501

150nCijMij Qi

as applicable, includes all vent streams and

primary and secondary fuels introduced into the

boiler or process heater.

2. To determine compliance with an enclosed

combustion device concentration limit, the sampling

site shall be located at the outlet of the device.

11b. Determine the gas volumetric flow rate using Method 2,

2A, 2C, or 2D of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, as

appropriate.

11c. To determine compliance with the control device percent

reduction requirement, use Method 18 of 40 CFR part 60,

appendix A; alternatively, any other method or data that 

has been validated according to the applicable procedures

in Method 301 in 40 CFR part 64 appendix A may be

used. Use the following procedures to calculate percent

reduction efficiency:

1. The minimum sampling time for each run shall be 1

hour in which either an integrated sample or a

minimum of four grab samples shall be taken. If grab

sampling is in used, then the samples are taken at

approximately equal intervals in time such as 15

minute intervals during the run.

2. Compute the mass rate of either TOC (minus methane

and ethane) or total HAP (Ei and Eo, respectively) using

the following equations.
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-16

Rcd '

Ei& Eo

Ei

x 100

where:

Cij, Coj = Concentration of sample component “j” of the

gas stream at the inlet and outlet of the control

device, respectively, dry basis, ppmv.

Ei, Eo = Mass rate of TOC (minus methane and ethane) or

total HAP at the inlet and outlet of the control

device, respectively, dry basis, kg/hr.

Mij, Moj = Molecular weight of sample component “j” of the

gas stream at the inlet and outlet of the control

device, respectively, gram/gram-mole.

Qi, Qo = Flow rate of gas stream at the inlet and outlet of

the control device, respectively, dry standard

cubic meter per minute.

K2 = Constant, 2.494 x 10–6 (ppmv–1) (gram-mole per

standard cubic meter) (kg/g) (minute/hour), where

standard temperature (gram-mole per standard

cubic meter) is 20° C.

A. When the TOC mass rate is calculated, sum all

organic compounds (minus methane and ethane)

measured by Method 18 of 40 CFR part 60,

appendix A using the equation in 11c(2).

B. When the total HAP mass rate is calculated, sum

only the HAP constituents using the equation in

11c(2).

3. The percent reduction in TOC (minus methane and

ethane) or total HAP shall be calculated as follows:

where:

Rcd = Control efficiency of control device, percent.

Ei = Mass rate of TOC (minus methane and ethane) or total

HAP at the inlet to the control device as calculated

under paragraph § 63.694(l)(3)(ii) [11c(2)], kg TOC/hr

or kg HAP/hr.
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-17

CTOC ' j

x

i ' 1

j

n

j ' 1

Cij

x

E0 = Mass rate of TOC (minus methane and ethane) or total

HAP at the outlet to the control device as calculated

under paragraph § 63.694(l)(3)(ii) [11c(2)], kg TOC/hr

or kg HAP/hr.

4. If the vent stream entering a boiler or process heater is

introduced with the combustion air or as a secondary

fuel, determine the weight-percent reduction of total

HAP or TOC (minus methane and ethane) across the

device by comparing the TOC (minus methane and

ethane) or total HAP in all combusted vent streams and

primary and secondary fuels with the TOC (minus

methane and ethane) or total HAP exiting the device,

respectively.

11d. To determine compliance with the enclosed combustion

device total HAP concentration limit of 40 CFR Part 63

Subpart DD, use Method 18 of 40 CFR part 60 appendix A

to measure either TOC (minus methane and ethane) or

total HAP. Alternatively, any other method or data that has

been validated according to Method 301 in appendix A of

40 CFR 63, may be used. Use the following procedures to

calculate parts per million by volume concentration,

corrected to 3 percent oxygen:

1. The minimum sampling time for each run shall be

1 hour in which either an integrated sample or a

minimum of four grab samples shall be taken. If grab

sampling is used, then the samples shall be taken at

approximately equal intervals in time, such as

15 minute intervals during the run.

2. Calculate the TOC (Total Organic Compounds)

concentration or total HAP concentration according to

the following procedures:

A. Compute the TOC concentration (CTOC), which is the

sum of the concentrations of the individual

components, for each run using the following

equation:
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-18

Cc' Cm

17.9

20.9 & %O2dry

Correcting to 3%

Oxygen

where:

CTOC = Concentration of total organic compounds minus

methane and ethane, dry basis, ppmv.

Cji = Concentration of sample components j of sample i,

dry basis, ppmv.

n = Number of components in the sample.

x = Number of samples in the sample run.

B. Compute the total HAP concentration (CHAP)

according to the above equation in except that only

HAP constituents shall be summed.

3. Correct the measured TOC concentration or total HAP

concentration to 3 percent oxygen as follows:

A. Use the emission rate correction factor or excess air,

integrated, sampling an analysis procedures of

Method 3B of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A to

determine the oxygen concentration (%O2dry). 

Collect the samples during the same time that the

samples are collected for determining TOC

concentration or total HAP concentration.

B. Compute the concentration corrected to 3 percent

oxygen (Cc) using the following equation:

where:

Cc = TOC concentration or total HAP concentration

corrected to 3 percent oxygen, dry basis, ppmv.
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-19

CHAP '

j

x

i ' 1

j

n

j ' 1

Cji

x

To determine the

process vent stream

flow rate and total

HAP concentration

use the procedures

specified in

§ 63.694(m).

Cm = Measured TOC concentration or total HAP

concentration, dry basis, ppmv.

 %O2dry= Concentration of oxygen, dry basis, percent by volume.

12. Determining the process vent stream flow rate and total HAP 

 concentration.

12a. Use Method 1 or 1A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, as

appropriate, for selection of the sampling site.

12b. No traverse site selection method is needed for vents

smaller than 0.10 meter in diameter.

12c. Determine process vent stream gas volumetric flow rate

using Method 2, 2A, 2C, or 2D in 40 CFR part 60,

appendix A, as appropriate.

12d. Measure process vent stream total HAP concentration

using the following procedures:

1. Measure the total HAP concentration using Method 18 of

40 CFR part 60, appendix A. Alternatively, any other

method or data that has been validated according to the

protocol in Method 301 of appendix A of 40 CFR 63 may

be used.

2. Where Method 18 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A is

used, the following procedures must be used to calculate

parts per million by volume concentration:

A. The minimum sampling time for each run must be

1 hour in which either an integrated sample or four

grab samples must be taken. If grab sampling is

used, then the samples must be taken at

approximately equal intervals in time, such as

15 minute intervals during the run.

B. The total HAP concentration (CHAP) must be

computed according to the following equation:
Chapter 13 - Test Methods and Procedures

13-20

where:

CHAP = Total concentration of HAP compounds listed in

Table 1 of this subpart, dry basis, ppmv.

Cji = Concentration of sample component “j” of the

sample “i”, dry basis, ppmv.

n = Number of components in the sample.

x = Number of samples in the sample run.
Chapter 14 - Recordkeeping, Notification and Reporting Requirements

14-1

Example forms are

provided, but you

don’t have to use

them.

You must keep records

for 5-years (3 years

can be kept onsite;

2 years can be kept

offsite).

What do I have to report and when?

You will need to complete several different types of reports based on

the type of process(es) at your facility. Table 14.1 shows when these

reports are due.

Can I get example reporting forms?

We have included example forms for all of the reports that are

required in this rule. You will find the following example reports

available in this chapter.

C Initial Notification Report

C Application for Approval of Construction or Reconstruction

C Notification of Compliance Status

C Semiannual Summary Report

You may use these forms for reporting, but you are not required to

use them. You may want to check with your State or local air

pollution control board to make sure that they do not have their own

forms. If you do use the forms, first be sure that they meet any

requirements that the State or local agency has.

What records must I keep?

The owner or operator must comply with the recordkeeping

requirements of § 63.10 of 40 CFR 63 subpart A – General

Provisions which include:

C occurrence and duration of each startup, shutdown, or

malfunction of operation

C actions taken during periods of startup, shutdown, or

malfunction when actions are different from the procedures

specified in the affected sources’ startup, shutdown, and

malfunction plan

C all continuous monitoring systems (CMS) calibration checks

C all adjustments and maintenance performed on CMS

C all documentation concerning the internal floating roof
 Chapter 14 - Recordkeeping, notification, and reporting requirements

14-2

What reports must I submit?

The owner or operator must comply with the reporting requirements

of § 63.9 and § 63.10 of 40 CFR 63 subpart A – General Provisions

which include:

C progress reports

C periodic startup, shutdown, and malfunction reports

C immediate startup, shutdown, and malfunction reports

C waiver of reporting requirements

C results of any performance tests performed under § 63.7

before and after a Title V permit has been issued

C notification to the Administrator in advance of each

inspection required under § 63.695(b) through § 63.695(f), 

to provide the Administrator with the opportunity to have an

observer present during the inspection.

C a notification of performance tests specified in § 63.7 and

§ 63.9(g).

C performance test reports specified in § 63.10(d)(2).

C a summary report specified in § 63.10(e)(3) shall be

submitted on a semiannual basis (i.e., once every 6-month

period). The summary report must include a description of

all excursions as defined in § 63.695(e) of this subpart that

have occurred during the 6-month reporting period. For

each excursion caused when the daily average value of a

monitored operating parameter is less than the minimum

operating parameter limit (or, if applicable, greater than the

maximum operating parameter limit), the report must include

the daily average values of the monitored parameter, the

applicable operating parameter limit, and the date and

duration of the period that the exceedance occurred. For

each excursion caused by lack of monitoring data, the report

must include the date and duration of period when the

monitoring data were not collected and the reason why the

data were not collected.
 Chapter 14 - Recordkeeping, notification, and reporting requirements

14-3

C all documentation concerning the external floating roof

C internal floating roof inspection records, which include tank

identification number, date of inspection, any defects

detected during inspections

C external floating roof inspections records which include tank

identification number, date of inspection, any defects

detected during inspections, seal gap inspection, any repairs

made to bring the seal gap measurements to conform to

specifications in § 63.695(d)

C descriptions of the planned routine maintenance that was

performed in the previous 6 months and the anticipated

maintenance that will be performed in the next 6 months

C records of unexpected control device malfunctions that

include duration of each period during a malfunction and

actions taken during period of malfunction to restore the

control device to normal operation
Table 14.1–Report Due Dates

 Chapter 14 - Recordkeeping, notification, and reporting requirements

14-4

If you have... And want to submit a.... Then submit the report

before

An existing off-site material

and recovery operation.

Initial Notification Report [§ 63.9(b)]

Notification of Compliance Status

[§ 63.9(h)]

Initial Semi-annual Summary Report

[§ 63.697(b)(4)]

Subsequent Semi-annual Summary

Reports [§ 63.697(b)(4)]

[October 20, 1999] (30 days

after effective date of the

rule)

60 days after the compliance

demonstration activity (i.e.

performance test)

[March 20, 2000] (6 months

after effective date of the

rule)

[3/20] and [9/20] of each

year

A new off-site material and

recovery operation

Initial Notification Report [§ 63.9(b)]

Notification of Compliance Status

[§ 63.9(h)]

Initial Semi-annual Summary Report

[§ 63.697(b)(4)]

Subsequent Semi-annual Summary

Reports [§ 63.697(b)(4)]

120 days after initial startup

60 days after the compliance

demonstration activity (i.e.

performance test)

180 days after the

Notification of Compliance

Status is due

180 days after the Initial

Semi-annual Summary

Report and every 180 days

thereafter
14-5

Example

Initial Notification Report

This is a sample notification form that can be used by facilities at their discretion to comply with

40 CFR 63.697(a).

Applicable Rule: 40 CFR Part 63, subpart DD–National Emission Standards for Off-site material

and Recovery Operations. Initial Notification is being made in accordance with

§ 63.697(a) and § 63.9(b). 

1. Print or type the following information for each facility in which off-site material is received

(§ 63.9(b)(2)(i)-(ii):

Owner/Operator/Title 

Street Address 

City State Zip Code 

Facility Name 

Facility Contact/Title 

Facility Contact Phone Number (optional) 

Facility Address (if different from the owner/operator’s) 

Street Address 

City State Zip Code 

2. Indicate your anticipated compliance date [§ 63.9(b)(2)(iii)]:

ë February 1, 2000

ë Upon startup Anticipated startup date 

3. List which affected source(s) (as defined by 40 CFR 63.680(c)) exist at your facility:

 
14-6

Example Initial Notification Report (Continued)

4. Briefly describe the nature, size, design and method of operation of each source or off-site

material management unit, including its operating design capacity.

 

 

5. Identify each point of emission for each hazardous air pollutant, or if a definitive identification

is not yet possible, a preliminary identification for each point of emission for each hazardous air

pollutant. If additional lines are needed, make copies of this page [§ 63.9(b)(2)(iv)].

Please indicate if the information below is: ë Actual ë Preliminary

Source ID Source Location

Source

Description Operation Performed

6. My facility is a major source of Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) ë Yes ë No

NOTE: Only major sources of HAPs are regulated under this rule (§ 63.9(b)(v))

A major source is a facility that has the potential to emit (PTE) greater than 10 tons per year of

any one hazardous air pollutant (HAP) or 25 tons per year of multiple HAPs. All other sources

are area sources. 

End of Initial Notification Form
14-7

Example

Application for Approval of Construction or Reconstruction

Most State/local or Tribal regulatory agencies already have specific applications that you

must fill out to get approval to construct or reconstruct an effected source.

You should contact your State/local or Tribal agency to determine if such forms exist. If

your State/local or Tribal agency does not have existing forms, follow the requirements

found in General Provisions, §63.5(d).

End of Application for Approval of Construction or Reconstruction
This page intentionally left blank
14-9

Example

Notification of Compliance Status

This is a sample notification form which can be used by facilities at their discretion to comply

with 40 CFR 63.697(a).

Applicable Rule: 40 CFR part 63, subpart DD–National Emission Standards for Off-site material

and Recovery Operations. Notification of Compliance Status is being made in

accordance with § 63.697(a) and § 63.9(h). Submit this report no later than 60

days after compliance demonstration activity.

1. Print or type the following information for each facility in which off-site material is received

(optional):

Owner/Operator/Title 

Street Address 

City State Zip Code 

Facility Name 

Facility Contact/Title 

Facility Contact Phone Number (optional) 

Facility Address (if different from the owner/operator’s) 

Street Address 

City State Zip Code 

2. For off-site material management units, check one of the following means of complying with

subpart DD [§ 63.683(b)]:

ë Control air emission in accordance with §§ 63.685 through 63.689 (go to question 3).

ë Remove or destroy HAP in the off-site material before placing it in the unit in accordance

with §63.684 (go to question 4).

ë Determine before placing the off-site material in the unit that the average VOHAP

concentration of the material is < 500 ppmw (go to question 5).
Example–Notification of Compliance Status (continued)

14-10

3. To control air emissions from off-site material management units, I have chosen to use the

following method(s), check all that apply [§ 63.683(b)(1)(i)].

ë Tanks [§ 63.685]

S The maximum HAP vapor pressure for the tank is using method from 

§ 63.694(j).

S Is the tank used for a waste stabilization process? ë Yes ë No

S I use Tank Level controls determined in Table 3 and 4 of subpart DD.

S If you use Tank Level 1 controls do you meet the requirements of 

40 CFR subpart OO? ë Yes ë No

S If you use Tank Level 2 controls or if the maximum HAP vapor pressure is > 76.6 kPa

then list the methods used to control air emissions and the applicable test methods used

to determine compliance (i.e. Method 21 for “No detectable organic emission”).

Tank used

Meets the

requirements of...

Method used to determine

compliance

example:

Fixed roof tank with

internal floating roof

§ 63.685(e) Method 21

*If a control device is used, state the specific control device under “Methods used to

determine compliance” and be sure to answer questions 7 through 10.

ë Oil-Water, Organic-Water Separators [§ 63.686]

I use one of the following to control air emissions:

ë A floating roof

ë A fixed roof vented through a closed-vent system to a control device (make certain to

answer questions 7 through 10)

ë A pressurized separator

and

ë I comply with the provisions in 40 CFR subpart VV

ë Surface Impoundments [§ 63.687]

I use one of the following to control air emissions:

ë A floating membrane cover

ë A cover vented through a closed-vent system to a control device (make certain to

answer questions 7 through 10)

and

ë I comply with the provisions in 40 CFR subpart QQ
Example–Notification of Compliance Status (continued)

14-11

ë Container [§ 63.688]

S Design capacity 

S Is the container used in a waste stabilization process? ë Yes ë No

S Is the container used in light material service? ë Yes ë No

S I use container level controls.

and

ë I comply with 40 CFR subpart PP

ë Transfer Systems [§ 63.689]

S Is the transfer system an individual drain system? 

ë Yes and I comply with 40 CFR subpart RR

ë No and I use one of the following to control air emissions

ë A transfer system that uses covers

ë A transfer system that uses continuous hard piping

ë A transfer system that is enclosed and vented to a control device where the

internal pressure in the vapor headspace is and the atmospheric

pressure is (make certain that you answer questions 7 through 10)

4. To remove or destroy the HAP contained in a material, I use a process that achieves one of the

following performance levels [§ 63.683(b)(1)(ii)]:

ë VOHAP Concentration [§ 63.684(b)(1)]

S Method(s) used 

S Concentration at point-of-delivery , concentration at point-of-treatment 

S CR= 

ë HAP Mass Removal Rate [§ 63.684(b)(2)]

S Method(s) used 

S MR= , RMR= 

ë HAP Reduction Efficiency [§ 63.684(b)(3)]

S Method(s) used 

S Average VOHAP concentration 

S Percent HAP reduction 

S Point-of-treatment VOHAP concentration (if applicable) 

ë Biological Degradation [§ 63.684(b)(4)]

S Method(s) used 

S R= , Rbio= , or

S MRbio= , RMR= 

ë Incineration [§ 63.684(b)(5)

ë My incinerator has a permit under 40 CFR 270 or is in compliance with 40 CFR 266.

or

ë My boiler or industrial furnace has a permit under 40 CFR 270 or is in compliance with

40 CFR 266.
Example–Notification of Compliance Status (continued)

14-12

4a. Describe how you will monitor the process to ensure that it continuously achieves these

performance levels 

 

5. Have you determined that the off-site material has an average VOHAP concentration that

is < 500 ppmw at the point-of-delivery? ë Yes ë No If you answered “yes,” what Test

Method(s) did you use to determine this? If you answered “no,” make certain you answer

either question 3 or 4 [§ 63.683(b)(1)(iii)].

Test Method(s) 

6. If a process vent is part of an affected source, check one of the following [§ 63.683(c)]:

ë The vent stream from each process vent is routed through a closed-vent system to a control

device (make certain you answer questions 7-10) [§ 63.690(a)].

or

ë I have determined that the average VOHAP concentration of the material is < 500 ppmw

at the point-of-delivery using method(s) specified in § 63.694(b)

[§ 63.690(b)].

7. If a closed-vent system is used, check the following [§ 63.693(c)]:

ë the closed-vent system complies with the requirements of § 63.693(c), including the

maintenance of all records.

ë The closed-vent system is designed to operate with no detectable organic emissions

determined by method in § 63.694(k) or,

ë The closed-vent system is designed to operate at a pressure below the atmospheric pressure

and the system is monitored by at least one pressure gauge.

S Atmospheric pressure 

S Pressure in the closed-vent system 

8. If a control device is used, check all that apply [§ 63.693]:

ë Carbon adsorption control device [§ 63.693(d)]

S Recovers % Total Organic Compounds1

or % Total HAP listed in Table 1

S I will demonstrate compliance by either: ë Performance Test or ë Design Analysis2

S Describe your plan to manage the carbon used for the carbon adsorption system

[§ 63.693(d)(4)]. 

 

 
Example–Notification of Compliance Status (continued)

1. Not including Methane and Ethane.

2. Attach all design analyses to this report. 14-13

ë Condenser [§ 63.693(e)]

S Recovers % Total Organic Compounds1

or % Total HAP listed in Table 1

 S I will demonstrate compliance by either: ë Performance Test or ë Design Analysis2

 

ë Vapor Incineration [§ 63.693(f)]

ë Destroys Total Organic Compounds1:

S by % or

S to achieve an outlet Total Organic Compound1 concentration of ppmv.

or

ë Destroys the HAP listed in Table 1:

S by % or

S to achieve a total outlet HAP concentration of ppmv.

or

ë Maintain conditions in the incinerator where:

S residence time= s, and

S temperature= °C

S I will demonstrate compliance by either: ë Performance Test or ë Design Analysis2

ë Boilers and Process Heaters [§ 63.693(g)]

ë Destroys Total Organic Compounds1:

S by %, or

S to achieve in the exhausted combustion gases a Total Organic Compound1

concentration of ppmw.

or

ë Destroys HAP listed in Table 1:

S by %, or

S to achieve in the exhausted combustion gases a total HAP concentration of

 ppmw.

or

ë Maintain conditions where:

S Residence time= s, and

S Temperature= °C

or

ë Introduce the vent stream with the fuel that provides the predominant heat input

or

ë Introduce the vent stream to a boiler or process heater which is permitted under

40 CFR part 270 and complies with the requirements of 40 CFR part 266 subpart H.

S I will demonstrate compliance by either: ë Performance Test or ë Design Analysis2

ë Flare control device (I have done all of the following) [§ 63.693(h)]

ë Conduct visible emission test 

ë Determined net heating value of gas being combusted 

ë Determined flare exit velocity 
Example–Notification of Compliance Status (continued)

14-14

9. Describe what methods you will use to inspect and monitor the previously checked control

devices (from question 8), including what parameters will be monitored and at what level

equipment will be calibrated [§ 63.693].

 

 

 

10. Describe which Test Methods you will use to determine compliance for the control devices 

 which you’ve checked [§ 63.693].

 

 

11. If you plan to make any changes in the methods you use to determine compliance, describe 

those changes in detail, including, how you plan to monitor and report using the new

method(s) [§ 63.9(h)(2)(i)(C)]. 

 

 
Example–Notification of Compliance Status (continued)

14-15

12. List all the HAPs emitted [§ 63.9(h)(2)(i)(D)]

HAP Quantity(units) Averaging Time Test Method

*If you need more room, make copies of this page.

13. Using the HAP information determine if your facility is a major source or an area source 

 [§ 63.9(h)(2)(i)(E)].

ë Major Source ë Area Source

NOTE: Only major sources of HAPs are regulated under this rule

A major source is a facility that has the potential to emit (PTE) greater than 10 tons per year of

any one hazardous air pollutant (HAP) or 25 tons per year of multiple HAPs. All other sources

are area sources. 

14. I will provide the Initial Semiannual Summary Report on and the subsequent 

summary reports on and of each year [§ 63.9(h)(2)(i)(C)].

15. Compliance statement [§ 63.9(h)(2)(i)(G)].

ë The off-site material management units used in this off-site material and recovery operation

comply with subpart DD.

ë The process vents used in this off-site material and recovery operation comply with subpart

DD.

Sign: Date: 
This page intentionally left blank.
14-17

Example 

Semiannual Summary Report

This is a sample report form that can be used by facilities at their discretion to comply with

40 CFR 63.697(b).

Applicable Rule: 40 CFR part 63, subpart DD–National Emission Standards for Off-site material

and Recovery Operations. This Summary Report is being made in accordance

with § 63.697(b)(3) (optionally included in this report), § 63.697(b)(4), and

§ 63.10(e)(3) and covers a 6 month period from to .

13. Print or type the following information for each facility in which off-site material is

received [§ 63.697(b)(3)]:

Owner/Operator/Title 

Street Address 

City State Zip Code 

Facility Name 

Facility Contact/Title 

Facility Contact Phone Number (optional) 

Facility Address (if different from the owner/operator’s) 

Street Address 

City State Zip Code 
Example Semiannual Summary Report (Continued) 

14-18

14. List the excursions for each affected source and record the information in the following

table for the six month period.

Affected Source: Parameter type: ë Minimum

 ë Maximum

Reporting Period: from to 

Month

Date(s) of

excursions Duration

Daily Average Values of

Operating Parameter

Operating Parameter

Limit

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

*If excursion is caused by a lack of monitoring data, then write “lack of data” under daily averaging

values and be certain to record the date and duration for when the data was not recorded.

then,

S Explain the reasons why data were not collected. 

 
Example Semiannual Summary Report (Continued) 

14-19

15. If during any time during this reporting period, you took actions during a startup, shutdown,

or malfunction (including action to correct a malfunction) that are not completely consistent

with the procedures specified in your startup, shutdown, or malfunction plan, state that

information here [§ 63.697(b)(3)]: 

 

 

*It is not required that question 3 be included in this report; however, this information must be

reported, and § 63.697(b)(3)(2) allows for this information to be included in this summary

report.

I certify the above information to be accurate

Sign: date: 
This page intentionally left blank.
Chapter 15 - Other Requirements and Information

15-1

Definition: An eligible Tribe means a Tribe that has been

determined by EPA to meet criteria for being treated in

the same manner as a State, pursuant to the regulations

implementing section 301(d)(2) of the ACT.

You’re regulated by

your State, local, or

Tribal air pollution

control agency.

Authority has not been

delegated concerning

§ 63.694.

You can find guidance

on title V and potential

to emit at

www.epa.gov/ttn/oarp

g/t5pgm.html.

Who administers this regulation?

Your State or local air pollution control agency will be regulating

you under this rule. If your facility is located in Indian Country, your

eligible Tribe will regulate you.

There are some portions of this rule that we have chosen not to

delegate to your State, locality, or eligible Tribe. Contact your EPA

Regional office concerning the regulations under § 63.694.

Do I need a title V permit?

Yes. This rule applies to major sources of HAP. Under title V, you

must obtain a permit if your facility is a major source. 

To determine if your facility is a major source, you will need to

calculate your HAP emissions from your entire facility. If you do not

have enforceable limits in a State, local or Tribal permit, you must

calculate your emissions by determining your potential emissions.

If you need help determining if your facility is a major source or

what your potential emissions are, these terms are defined in the

Operating Permits Rule § 70.2.
Chapter 15 - Other requirements and Information

15-2

You’ll need to add the

requirements of this

rule to your title V

permit.

How do I change my permit to include this rule?

You must reopen your title V permit to add new rules when all of

the following occur:

C a new MACT rule becomes effective;

C your initial title V permit has been issued in final form; and

C more than three years are left on the permit.

If a new rule is effective1

and you have . . . 

then. . .

less than three years on your

permit

three years or more left on

your permit

do not already have a final

title V permit

update your title V permit

during renewal.

reopen your permit within

18 months of promulgation

of the rule.

update your permit

application or draft permit.

1. the rule’s effective date is announced in the Federal Register

when it is promulgated. The effective date for this rule is

September 20, 1999.

What portions of the General Provisions apply?

The General Provisions were published in the Federal Register on

March 16, 1994 (Volume 59, page 12408) and apply to all

NESHAPs, including the off-site material rule.

This means that when you became subject to this rule, you also

became subject to the General Provisions. Some sections in the

off-site rule over-ride the General Provisions. You’ll find Table 2 of

the final rule shows you which sections of the General Provisions

apply to Off-Site Waste and Recovery Operations NESHAP and

which don’t.

Is a Startup, Shutdown, and Malfunction Plan required?

A Startup, Shutdown, and Malfunction Plan (SSMP) is a document

required in § 63.6(e)(3)(I) of the General Provisions. A SSMP is

required for off-site waste and recovery operations.
Chapter 16 - Getting Additional Help

16-1

You should contact your State/local agency or Tribe

before calling the EPA. They may already have rules in

place that are more stringent than Federal requirements.

If you have questions

about the rule, first try

your State and local

air pollution control

agencies.

Whom can I ask for help?

There are a lot of places you can go for help, including your:

C State and local air pollution control agency or Tribe

C Local, regional or national trade associations

C State’s Small Business Assistance Program (SBAP)

C EPA regional offices

State and Local Contacts can change frequently. To obtain the most

current contact information, go to the STAPPA/ALAPCO website

(www.4cleanair.org) and then the membership directory. The

directory will provide you with the latest contact points for major air

regulatory programs (that is, toxic air pollutant emission standard,

ozone, etc.) at the State and local level.

Trade Associations representing the off-site material industry are

listed below. Trade associations sometimes have rule information

for their members.

Trade Association Telephone # Address

American Petroleum

Institute

(202) 682-8470 1220 L St., NW

Washington, D.C. 20005

Chemical

Manufacturers Assoc.

(202) 887-1237 2501 M St., NW

Washington, D.C. 20037

Institute of Chemical

Waste Management

(202) 244-4799 4301 Connecticut Ave, NW

Suite 300

Washington, D.C. 20008

National Association

of Chemical Recyclers

(202) 434-8740 1200 G St., NW Suite 800,

Washington, D.C. 20005
Chapter 16 - Getting Additional Help

16-2

Check out your EPA

Regional Office home

page. It’s filled with

useful information

This rule has a page of

its own in the UATW’s

Rule and

Implementation Page.

Many States have a Small Business Assistance Program. If you are a

small business and do not know who your SBAP is, you can call

EPA’s Control Technology Center Hotline at (919) 541-0800 or visit

EPA’s SBAP at www.epa.gov/ttn/sbap for help.

EPA Regional Air Division Office contact numbers may also change

frequently. To obtain the most up-to-date contact information, you

may want to visit your Regional Office’s website.

EPA Region States Covered Home Page

Region I CT, ME, MA, NH, RI & VT www.epa.gov/region1

Region II NJ, NY, Puerto Rico &

Virgin Islands

www.epa.gov/region2

Region III DE, MD, PA, VA, WV & DC www.epa.gov/region3

Region IV AL, FL, GA, KY, MS, NC, SC

& TN

www.epa.gov/region4

Region V IL, IN, MI, WI, MN & OH www.epa.gov/region5

Region VI AR, LA, NM, OK & TX www.epa.gov/region6

Region VII IA, KS, MO & NE www.epa.gov/region7

Region VIII CO, MT, ND, SD, UT & WY www.epa.gov/region8

Region IX AZ, CA, HI, NV, American

Samoa, & Guam

www.epa.gov/region9

Region X AK, ID, WA & OR www.epa.gov/region10

If you have a regulated facility, call your State/local agency or Tribe

before trying the Regional Office. If you work for a State/local

agency or Tribe, call the Regional Office before trying the Office of

Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS), Emission Standards

Division (ESD).

Can I get more information on the Web?

You can obtain a wealth of information on the World Wide Web

(WWW). Some of the more popular avenues for obtaining

information on this rule include:

C EPA’s Unified Air Toxics Website (www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw)

You can download copies of preambles, regulations,

background information documents, policy memos, and 
Chapter 16 - Getting Additional Help

16-3

A helpful document is:

EPA–453/R-96-010b, “Basis and Purpose Document for

the Development of Final National Emission Standards

for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Off-Site Waste and

Recovery Operations,” May 1996.

other guidance materials here. All rule pages can be found

under the Rules and Implementation Page.

C EPA’s Applicability Determination Index (ADI)

(http://es.epa.gov/oeca/eptdd/adi.html)

EPA’s Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance

(OECA) posts memos dealing with applicability and

compliance at this site.

C STAPPA/ALAPCO home page (http:www.4cleanair.org )

STAPPA/ALAPCO is the State and Territorial Air Pollution

Program Administrators (STAPPA) and Local Air Pollution

Control Officials (ALAPCO) organization. STAPPA/ALAPCO

has members representing each State and local air pollution

control agency.

You can obtain air pollution information at this site,

including a document entitled “Communicating Air Quality: 

A Compendium of Resources.” It lists air pollution

education materials that State and local agencies have

created.

C Texas Natural Resources and Conservation Commission’s

(TNRCC) web site for off-site material

(http://www.tnrcc.state.tx.us/air/opd/63/DD/ddhp.htm)

This web site contains further guidance for the off-site waste

rule, including navigateable flowcharts which can help you

in determining applicability and compliance.
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Appendix A

Contents for 40 CFR Part 63, Subpart DD, Final Rule
Appendix A-Subpart DD, final rule

A-2

Contents for 40 CFR Part 63, Subpart DD, Final Rule

Applicability

Is my facility regulated under this subpart? § 63.680(a)

What is an off-site material? § 63.680(b)

What is an affected source? § 63.680(c)

Are there any processes that are exempt? § 63.680(d)

How long do I have to come into compliance with the rule? § 63.680(e)

Definitions

What are some commonly used terms in this subpart? § 63.681

Standards: General

What are my options to achieve compliance? § 63.683(b)

Are any off-site management units exempt? § 63.683(c)

Standards: Off-Site material treatment

If I choose to show compliance by removing or destroying HAP, what must I do to

comply?

§ 63.684

Standards: Tanks

If I choose to show compliance by controlling air emissions from a tank, what must I do to

comply?

§ 63.685(b)

If I use Tank Level 1 controls, what requirements must I meet? § 63.685(c)

If I use Tank Level 2 controls, what requirements must I meet? § 63.685(d)

If I use a fixed-roof equipped with an internal floating roof to comply with Tank Level 2

controls, what additional requirements must I meet?

§ 63.685(e)
Appendix A-Subpart DD, final rule

A-3

If I use an external floating roof to comply with Tank Level 2 controls, what additional

requirements must I meet?

§ 63.685(f)

If I use a control device with air emissions vented through a closed-vent system to comply

with Tank Level 2 controls, what additional requirements must I meet?

§ 63.685(g)

Standards: Oil-Water and Organic-Water Separators

If I choose to show compliance by controlling air emissions from an oil-water or

organic-water separator, what must I do to comply?

§ 63.686(b)

Standards: Surface Impoundments

If I choose to show compliance by controlling air emissions from a surface impoundment,

what must I do to comply?

§ 63.687(b)

Standards: Containers

If I choose to show compliance by controlling air emissions from a container, what must I

do to comply?

§ 63.688(b)

What must I do if my container has a design capacity > 0.1m3 and is used for treatment of

off-site waste by a waste stabilization process?

§ 63.688(c)

Standards: Transfer Systems

If I choose to show compliance by controlling air emissions from a transfer system, what

must I do to comply?

§ 63.689(a)

What if my transfer system is an individual drain system? § 63.689(b)

What if my transfer system is not an individual drain system? § 63.689(c)

What if I use covers to control air emissions from my transfer system? § 63.689(d)

Standards: Process Vents

How must I control HAP emitted from process vents? § 63.690(b)
Appendix A-Subpart DD, final rule

A-4

Standards: Equipment Leaks

How must I control HAP emitted from equipment leaks? § 63.691(b)

Standards: Closed-Vent Systems and Control Devices

What requirements must I meet for closed-vent systems and control devices? § 63.693(b)

How must the closed-vent system be designed and operated? § 63.693(c)

What are the requirements for carbon adsorption control devices? § 63.693(d)

What are the requirements for condenser control devices? § 63.693(e)

What are the requirements for vapor incinerator control devices? § 63.693(f)

What are the requirements for boiler and process heater control devices? § 63.693(g)

What are the requirements for flare control devices? § 63.693(h)

Testing Methods and Procedures

How do I determine the VOHAP concentration for off-site material at the point-ofdelivery?§ 63.694(b)

How do I determine the VOHAP concentration for the treated off-site material streams at

the point-of-treatment?

§ 63.694(c)

How do I determine the treatment process VOHAP concentration limit? § 63.694(d)

How do I determine the required HAP mass removal rate? § 63.694(e)

How do I determine the actual HAP mass removal rate (MR)? § 63.694(f)

How do I determine the HAP reduction efficiency? § 63.694(g)

How do I determine the HAP biodegradation efficiency? § 63.694(h)

How do I determine the actual HAP mass removal rate (MRbio)? § 63.694(i)

How do I determine the maximum organic HAP vapor pressure of the off-site material in

tanks?

§ 63.694(j)

How do I determine “no detectable organic emissions?” § 63.694(k)

How do I determine closed-vent system and control device performance compliance? § 63.694(l)

How do I determine the process vent stream flow rate and total HAP concentration? § 63.694(m)
Appendix A-Subpart DD, final rule

A-5

Inspection and Monitoring Requirements

What inspections and monitoring must I do for a Tank Level 2 fixed roof and floating roof? § 63.695(b)

What inspections and monitoring must I do for closed-vent systems? § 63.695(c)

What inspections and monitoring must I do for a transfer system equipped with a cover? § 63.695(d)

Recordkeeping Requirements

Which General Provisions apply? § 63.696(a)

What records must I maintain for a control device? § 63.696(b)

What records must I maintain for an internal floating roof? § 63.696(d)

What records must I maintain for an external floating roof? § 63.696(d)

What records must I maintain for a fixed roof? § 63.696(e)

What records must I maintain for an enclosure? § 63.696(f)

What records must I maintain for planned routine maintenance operations? § 63.696(g)

What records must I maintain for unexpected control device malfunctions? § 63.696(h)

Reporting Requirements

Which General Provisions apply? § 63.697(a)

What notifications and reports must I submit for control devices? § 63.697(b)

What notifications must I submit if I have a tank equipped with an internal floating roof or

an external floating roof to comply with Tank Level 2 controls?

§ 63.697(c)

Delegation of Authority:

What authority will not be delegated to the States? 63.698(b)
This page is intentionally left blank
Appendix B General Inspection Guidance for Waste Management Unit

Requiring Air Emission Control under Subpart DD
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

B-2

GENERAL INSPECTION GUIDANCE FOR WASTE MANAGEMENT UNIT

REQUIRING AIR EMISSION CONTROL UNDER SUBPART DD

This document is intended to provide guidelines for conducting an inspection of affected

facilities for compliance with subpart DD of the Off-Site Waste and Recovery Operations NESHAP. 

The scope is limited to those waste management units (i.e. tanks, surface impoundments, and

containers that require air emission controls under the rule. The material contained in this

document is intended to identify and list those points that require the inspectors consideration

when planning and performing on-site facility inspections. The material is also generally limited to

visual and recordkeeping evaluation of regulated items, i.e., no source testing or other

measurements are required of the inspector to assess compliance. Although not addressed in this

document, discussion of emission measurement techniques and the associated monitoring

equipment may be found in other EPA reference documents such as the "Benzene Equipment Leak

Inspection Manual" (Reference EPA 340/1-90-001). The visual inspection considerations focus on

the assessment of regulated equipment using key inspection points or visible criteria while

following the necessary safety guidelines. The recordkeeping inspection considerations focus on

the evaluation of operating conditions and assessment of facility monitoring, routine

owner/operator inspection and recordkeeping requirements.

The inspection guidance is organized by equipment item. This format prevents duplication of

information and ensures that items are not overlooked, thereby saving time and eliminating

backtracking. Suggested procedural steps for evaluating specific equipment are given to guide the

inspector through the inspection. Concise, complete documentation of inspection results is

necessary and should be made at the inspection site. Inspectors should be aware of the OSHA

confined space entry regulation that became effective on April 15, 1993. This regulation can be

found at 29 CFR 1910.146. The regulation defines confined spaces and requires permits be issued

and certain safety measures followed.

Record inspection checks for this rule are presented in a separate document. They are

intended to augment information obtained during the Visual inspection. In some cases when

health and safety considerations preclude use of visual inspection techniques, facility records will

be the only source of compliance documentation available.
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

B-3

In preparation for the upcoming inspection, the inspector should review the facility’s file

including all applicable permits. 

The following equipment will be necessary for a full 

inspection:

Non-sparking flashlight

Camera

Respirator(s)

SCBA

Hard hat

Safety shoes

Calculator

Copy of Regulation

Binoculars

Extra batteries and film for camera

Photo log

Dowels to measure gaps

Employee identification /credentials

Facility map – if available
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

B-4

INSPECTION GUIDANCE FOR

OFF-SITE WASTE OPERATIONS

General Information

1. Name of corporation, company, or individual owner: 

 

2. Mailing Address: 

 

 

3. Facility Address: 

 

 

4. Source Number (permit Number, date of permit, permit 

expiration, etc.): 

 

5. Name and Title of Contact: 

6. Telephone Number: 
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

B-5

Inspection Information

7. Date of Inspection, Time of Day, Weather Conditions: 

 

 

8. Name and title of Government Official Conducting Inspection: 

 

9. Pre-inspection interview: 

 

 

10. Post-inspection interview: 

 

 

11. Additional comments: 

 
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

B-6

12. Photo log: 

 

 
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

B-7

13. Sketch of Facility:
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

B-8

14. Follow-up activities: 

 

 
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

B-9

GUIDANCE FOR VISUAL INSPECTION OF STORAGE TANKS [§63.685]

Inspection Consideration Notes

1. General

What is the design capacity of the tank?

Is the off-site material managed in the tank a “light material” as

defined in the rule (§63.681)?

Is the tank used for a waste stabilization process?

Is the tank required to meet Tank Level 1 or 2 controls?

Do the tanks exhibit any signs of corrosion?

Is there a pressure gauge? What is the pressure reading?

2. Level 1 [§63.685(c)]

If Level 1, what Tank Level 1 controls requirements does the tank

meet:

• Determine maximum HAP vapor pressure using procedures

specified in §63.694(j)before the first time the off-site material is

placed in the tank

• Perform a new determination for changes that increase the

maximum HAP vapor pressure to levels specified in Table 3 or

Table 4 of Subpart DD for the tank design capacity

• Control air emissions in accordance with provisions specified in

40 CFR subpart OO, Level 1, or control air emissions with the

provisions for Tank Level 2 controls as specified in §63.685(d)
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

GUIDANCE FOR VISUAL INSPECTION OF STORAGE TANKS [§63.685]

Inspection Consideration Notes

B-10

3. Level 2 [ §63.685(d)]

Tanks that may be used to meet Tank Level 2 controls:

• A fixed-roof tank equipped with an internal floating roof as

specified in §63.685(e)

• A tank equipped with an external floating roof as specified in

§63.685(f)

• A tank vented through a closed-vent system to a control device as

specified in §63.685(g)

• A pressure tank designed and operated as specified in §63.685(h)

• An enclosed tank that is vented through a closed-vent system to

an enclosed combustion control device as specified in §63.685(i)
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

GUIDANCE FOR VISUAL INSPECTION OF STORAGE TANKS [§63.685]

Inspection Consideration Notes

B-11

4. Fixed Roof with an Internal Floating Roof [§63.685(e)]

Visually determine that the tank is a fixed roof tank with an

internal floating roof. Is the roof a separate cover or part of the

tank structural design? What materials are used in the

construction of the roof?

Inspect the periphery of the floating roof and its closure devices

for possible leaks in the shell, valves, flanges and pumps. Note

any liquid accumulations from tank appurtences or evidence of

corrosion especially on the tank shell or roof.

Inspect the fixed roof for possible visible cracks, holes, gaps or

other open spaces between roof sections or tank wall.

What is the maximum organic vapor pressure of the hazardous

waste in the tank? What is the tank’s normal organic vapor

pressure? Is there a pressure gauge on the tank for continuous

readout?

What are the maximum and minimum flow-weighted annual

average volatile organic contents of the hazardous waste streams

managed in the tank?

What is the design capacity of the tanks? What is the actual

volume held in the tank?

What is the withdrawal/filling schedule for the tank? When was

the tank last emptied and refilled?

Which standard for tanks has the facility elected to comply with?

[§§ 63.683(b)(1) (i), (b)(1)(ii) or (b)(1)(iii)]

Visually inspect the internal floating roof components through

openings on the fixed-roof every calendar year; inspect primary

seal, secondary seal, gaskets, slotted membranes, and sleeve seals

each time the tank is emptied and degassed and at least every 10

years.
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

GUIDANCE FOR VISUAL INSPECTION OF STORAGE TANKS [§63.685]

Inspection Consideration Notes

B-12

5. Closed- Vent System

Is there a closed vent system associated with the fixed roof tank?

Visually inspect the closed vent system. Note visible gaps, holes

or corrosion spots seen in the ductwork of the closed vent system.

6. Control Device

Is there a control device connected to the closed-vent system?

What type of control device is used?

Is the control device operational?

Check piping valves and fittings for visible leaks.

What type of continuous monitoring device is used? Is the device

operational? What parameter is the device monitoring? Note

level monitored and compare with design levels from facility

reports during record inspection.
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

GUIDANCE FOR VISUAL INSPECTION OF STORAGE TANKS [§63.685]

Inspection Consideration Notes

B-13

7. External Floating Roof (EFR)

Visually inspect the condition of the external floating roof. Note

the condition (corrosion free, small pits in surface, pools of

standing liquid, visible corrosion spots etc.). 

Confirm that the floating roof is floating on the liquid surface

(except when supported by the leg supports).

Determine that the floating roof is equipped with two continuous

seals, one above the other, between the wall of the tank and the

roof edge. (The lower seal is the primary seal, and the upper seal

is the secondary seal.)

Determine that each opening in the floating roof is equipped with

a closure device. Visually inspect for cracks, holes, gaps, or other

open spaces in the closure device or between the perimeter of

the cover opening and the closure device.

Visually inspect after installation ;thereafter, at least once every

year.

8. Closure Device

Determine that a closure device (seal) is between the wall of the

storage tank and the roof edge. This can be performed for the

secondary seal by visual inspection from the platform.
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

GUIDANCE FOR VISUAL INSPECTION OF STORAGE TANKS [§63.685]

Inspection Consideration Notes

B-14

8a. Primary Seal

Determine that the seal is either a metallic shoe seal or a liquidmounted seal. Check that the seal is continuous around the tank.

Determine that the gaps between the wall and seal do not exceed

212 cm2 per meter of vessel diameter and the gap widths do not

exceed 3.8 cm.

Inspect and measure gaps between the wall and seal within 60

days after initial operation; thereafter, at least once every 5 years.

(Before inspection, operator shall notify the Administrator as

specified in §63.697).

For metallic shoe seals, check that there is a flexible coated fabric

that spans the space between the metal shoe and the vessel wall. 

Determine that one end of the metallic shoe seal extends into the

stored liquid and the other extends a minimum vertical distance

of 61 cm (24 inches) above the liquid surface.

Identify any corrosion, holes, tears or other openings in the shoe,

flexible seal fabric, or seal envelope.

8b. Secondary Seal

Determine that a secondary seal is installed above the primary

seal and covers the annular space between the floating roof and

the wall of the tank.

Determine that the gaps between the wall and seal do not exceed

21.2 cm2 per meter of tank diameter and the gap widths do not

exceed 1.3 cm. 

Inspect and measure the gaps between the wall and seal within

60 days after initial operation; thereafter, at least once every year.

(Before inspection, operator shall notify the Administrator as

specified in §63.697.)

Look for any corrosion, holes, tears, or other openings in the
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

GUIDANCE FOR VISUAL INSPECTION OF STORAGE TANKS [§63.685]

Inspection Consideration Notes

B-15

9. Automatic Bleeder Vents

Observe that the vents are closed during normal operations

(exemptions for emptying or refilling).

If possible, observe a tank filling operation. While floating the

roof off the leg supports, observe whether the automatic bleeder

vents open. (Vents may be open only when the roof is being

floated off the tank bottom during filling or when the roof is

supported on the legs during draining operation.)

10. Rim Space Vents

Visually determine if the rim space vents are closed during

normal operation (exceptions during emptying or refilling).

If possible, observe whether the rim space vents are open when

the roof is being floated off the leg supports. (Rim space vents

may be open only when the roof is being floated off or landing on

the roof leg supports during filling or draining operations).

11. Emergency Roof Drain

Determine that the emergency roof drain is covered with a slotted

membrane fabric. Does the fabric cover at least 90 percent of the

opening? Were actual measurements or visual estimations used

for this determination?

12. Deck Openings

Confirm by visual inspection that each opening in the external

floating roof deck is equipped with a gasketed cover, seal or lid. 

Without opening the lid or cover, visually inspect the visible

portion of any seal or gasket. Does the seal or gasket appear

worn, torn, shredded, ripped, or otherwise misaligned to prevent

forming a vapor-tight seal?

Are all deck openings closed? (The only exception is when the

device is in actual use.)
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

B-16

GUIDANCE FOR VISUAL INSPECTION OF OIL-WATER AND ORGANIC-WATER

SEPARATORS [§63.686]

Inspection Consideration Notes

1. Separator Fixed Roof 

Determine that the separator is equipped with a fixed roof

design. 

Does the vapor head space underneath the fixed roof vent

through a closed-vent system to a control device (§63.1044)? If

so, determine that the separator vents directly through a closedvent system to a control device. (The closure device shall be

designed to operate with no detectable organic emissions, as

specified in §63.1046(a), when the control device is operating

with a head space vapor pressure equal to or greater than

atmospheric pressure).

Determine that the fixed roof and its closure devices are

designed to form a continuous barrier over the entire surface

area of the liquid in the separator. 

What is the construction material of the fixed roof and its

closure devices?

Inspect the periphery of the fixed roof for possible cracks, holes,

gaps, or other open spaces between roof section joints or

between the interface of the roof edge and the separator wall.

When the separator contains regulated-material, the closure

device should be secured in the closed position except as

specified in §63.1042(c).

Inspect the closure device for visible cracks, holes, gaps or other

open spaces in the closure device or between the perimeter of

the opening and the closure device.
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

GUIDANCE FOR VISUAL INSPECTION OF OIL-WATER AND ORGANIC-WATER

SEPARATORS [§63.686]

Inspection Consideration Notes

B-17

2. Separator Floating Roof

Confirm that the floating roof is floating on the liquid surface

during normal operations.

Determine that the floating roof is equipped with two

continuous seals, one above the other, between the wall of the

separator and the roof edge. (The lower seal is the primary seal,

and the upper seal is the secondary seal.)

Determine that each opening in the floating roof is equipped

with a closure device. Visually inspect for cracks, holes, gaps,

or other open spaces in the closure device or between the

perimeter of the cover opening and the closure device.

2a. Primary Seal

Determine that the seal is either a metallic shoe seal or a liquidmounted seal (§ 63.1041).

Determine that the gaps between the wall and seal do not

exceed 67 cm2 per meter of separator wall perimeter, and gap

widths do not exceed 3.8 cm.
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

GUIDANCE FOR VISUAL INSPECTION OF OIL-WATER AND ORGANIC-WATER

SEPARATORS [§63.686]

Inspection Consideration Notes

B-18

2b. Secondary Seal

Determine that a secondary seal is installed above the primary

seal and covers the annular space between the floating roof and

the wall of the separator.

Determine that the gaps between the separator and seal do not

exceed 6.7 cm2 per meter of separator wall perimeter and the

gap widths do not exceed 1.3 cm.

If the floating roof is equipped with one or more emergency

roof drains, determine that the emergency roof drain is covered

with a slotted membrane fabric. Does the fabric cover at least

90 percent of the opening or flexible fabric sleeve seal?

When the separator contains regulated-material, the closure

device should be secured in the closed position except as

specified in §63.1043(c) or §63.1044(c).

Inspect separator floating roof as specified in §63.1047(b).

3. Pressurized Separator

Does the pressurized separator operate as a closed-system?

What is the design capacity of the separator? (Verify that it does

not vent as a result of compression of the vapor head space.)

All openings shall be equipped with closure devices designed

to operate with no detectable organic emissions, as specified in

§63.1046(a).

When the separator contains regulated-material, the closure

device should be secured in the closed position except as

specified in §63.1045(b)(3)(i) or (b)(3)(ii).
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

GUIDANCE FOR VISUAL INSPECTION OF OIL-WATER AND ORGANIC-WATER

SEPARATORS [§63.686]

Inspection Consideration Notes

B-19

4. Separator Vented to Control Device

Is there a control device connected to the closed-vent system?

What type of control device is used?

Is the control device operational?

Check piping valves and fittings for visible leaks.

What type of continuous monitoring device is used? Is the

device operational? What parameter is the device monitoring? 

Note level monitored and compare with design levels from

facility reports during record inspection.
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

B-20

GUIDANCE FOR VISUAL INSPECTION OF

SURFACE IMPOUNDMENTS [§63.687]

Inspection Consideration Notes

1. General

Observe if the surface impoundment has a cover. Is it a floating

membrane cover or a cover that is vented through a closed-vent

system to a control device?

Visually inspect cover and openings such as access hatches,

sampling ports, and gauge wells. They should be covered

completely and free from cracks, gaps, holes, or open spaces. 

Does the cover form a continuous barrier over the entire surface

area of the liquid?

2. Cover and Openings

If a floating membrane cover, is the cover floating on the liquid

surface (§63.942)? Inspect floating membrane following

installation and thereafter, at least once each calendar year(see

§63.946(d) for alternative inspection requirements).

Is each opening closed and in the sealed position unless

sampling, removal or equipment inspection, maintenance,

repair, or sludge removal is occurring?

If floating membrane cover is equipped with an emergency

cover drain, the drain cover can be a slotted membrane that

covers 90 percent of the opening or a flexible fabric sleeve seal?

What are the construction of the cover materials? If a FMC

fabricated of HDPE, what is the thickness of the HDPE, >2.5

mm?

If FMC is not HDPE, does the material or composite have

(1)organic permeability properties equivalent to HDPE and

(2)chemical and physical properties to maintain the material

integrity for the intended service life?
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

GUIDANCE FOR VISUAL INSPECTION OF

SURFACE IMPOUNDMENTS [§63.687]

Inspection Consideration Notes

B-21

3. Vented to a Control Device

Visually inspect the enclosure for leaks. Is each cover seal,

access hatch or other openings free from cracks or gaps, closed

and properly sealed? 

At initial startup determine that the system does not have organic

emissions. After initial inspection, visually inspect at least once

per year for defects that result in air emissions, §63.695(c)(see

§63.693(b)(4)(ii) for alternative inspection requirements).

Is there a pressure gauge? What is the pressure reading?

What are the construction materials of the cover and closure

devices(consider organic vapor permeability; liquid contact;

exposure to the elements; and operating practices)?

If a regulated-material is in the surface impoundment, cover and

closure devices should be secured in the closed position with

vapors underneath vented to the control device, except as

specified in §63.943(c)(1) and (c)(2).
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

B-22

GUIDANCE FOR VISUAL INSPECTION OF

CONTAINERS [§63.688]

Inspection Consideration Notes

1. General

What is the design capacity of the container?

Is the hazardous waste managed in the container a “light

material” as defined in the rule (§63.681)?

Is the container used for a waste stabilization process?

Is the container required to meet Container Level 1, 2, or 3

controls?

Does the container meet applicable U.S. Department of

Transportation Regulations?

Does the container exhibit any signs of corrosion?

Is there a pressure gauge? What is the pressure reading?

2. Level 1

If Level 1, what Level 1 alternative does the container meet:

• DOT

• Cover and closure device

• Organic vapor-suppressing barrier

3. Level 2

If Level 2, what Level 2 alternative does the container meet:

• DOT

• No detectable emissions

• Vapor tight
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

GUIDANCE FOR VISUAL INSPECTION OF

CONTAINERS [§63.688]

Inspection Consideration Notes

B-23

4. Level 3

If Level 3, what Level 3 alternative does the container meet:

• Enclosure vented to control device

• Vented directly to control device

Is the enclosure designed/operated to meet criteria for a

permanent total enclosure (40 CFR 52.741)

Treatment of Containerized Waste (waste stabilization)

Confirm that the opening of a container for treatment purposes is

performed under a cover or enclosure equipped with a closed

vent system routing all vented container vapors to a control

device, or the container itself is venter directly through a closed

vent system to a control device.

5. Cover, Lids and Openings

Observe that the container covers and all openings including

bungs, hatches and sampling ports are closed.

6. Seals, Gaskets and Latches

Observe that each opening on the container is sealed in the

closed position with a gasket and latch except during waste

loading, removal, inspection or sampling.
 Appendix B - General Inspection Guidance

B-24

GUIDANCE FOR VISUAL INSPECTION OF 

INDIVIDUAL TRANSFER SYSTEMS

Inspection Consideration Notes

1. General

Determine whether the transfer system is also an individual drain

system. If the system is also an individual drain system follow

subpart RR.

Visually confirm that the transfer system has continuous hard-piping

with joints and seams between sections permanently or semipermanently sealed. Confirm that the system is enclosed and vented

through a closed-vent system to a control device.

Is there a pressure gauge? Is the internal pressure for the enclosure

maintained at a level less than atmospheric pressure? (Closed-vent

system and control device are designed and operated in accordance

with §63.693)

2. Cover and Closure Devices

Visually check that all covers and closure devices form a continuous

barrier over the entire surface area of the off-site material except for

openings at the inlet and outlet to the transfer system. (Inlet and

outlet openings shall be of minimum size).

Visually inspect covers and closure devices for cracks, holes, gaps,

or other open spaces between cover section joints or the interface of

the cover edge and its mounting. (When transfer system is buried

partially or entirely underground, inspection is required only for

those portions of the cover that extend to or above the ground).

Are covers closed and secured in the closed position except at inlet

and outlet openings to the transfer system with no visible cracks,

gaps, or other spaces in the closure device or between the perimeter

of the opening and the closure device?

What is the construction material of the cover and closure device? 

Will it minimize exposure of off-site material?

Are covers maintained in the closed and sealed position when offsite material is in the system except when the opening is used for

waste sampling, removal, inspection, maintenance or repair?