#### Matter of the Final Judicial Settlement of the Accounts of Odell Corning Butler and Wright B. Odell, as Executors under the last Will and Testament of Esther O. Abel, Deceased.

(Surrogate’s Court, Dutchess County,

February, 1910.)

Wills — Interpretation and construction — Designations and descriptions of persons, objects and purposes — Rules and implications — Words descriptive of a class.

Where a testatrix gives her property *“*to each of my nephews and nieces named as follows ” and names eight persons, seven of whom were nephews and nieces by blood and the eighth either a niece by blood or a niece by marriage, both of whom bore the' same name, it will be presumed that testatrix intended the niece by blood, unless it can be clearly determined from the will and surrounding circumstances that she intended a stranger to the blood, to be her legatee.

Proceeding upon the final judicial settlement of the accounts of executors.

O. W. H. Arnold, for executors.

William 0. Albro, for Anna E. Odell, niece by the half blood.

John E. Mack, for Anna E. Odell, niece by marriage.

Hopkins, S.

A legacy of $500 was given under the second clause of the will of the above named testatrix to one Anna E. Odell and is claimed by two persons bearing or known by the same name, viz: one a niece of the half blood of testatrix and the widow of Duane Odell, deceased: the *407other, the wife of Willis B. Odell, a nephew by blood of said testatrix.

I am asked to determine which one of these claimants the testatrix intended as the object of her bounty; and, in order, if possible, to arrive at a just and fair conclusion, extrinsic evidence was introduced on behalf of both parties, for the purpose solely of identifying the proper legatee, when tálcen in connection with the provisions of the will and surrounding circumstances; and I have excluded all testimony except that which bears upon the question of identification.

The provision of said will under consideration reads as follows-: *“Second.*I give and bequeath the sum of ($500) five hundred dollars to each of my *nephews*and *nieces*named as follows:—rArdella E. Borland, Vina M. Daley, Flora M. Brill, Anna E. Odell, Willis B. Odell, Wright B. Odell and Daniel J. Odell and Sheldon Gr. Odell, and in the event that none of my said *nephews*and *nieces*shall be living at my death, then, the sum so bequeathed to such nephew and niece dying shall become and form a part of the residuum of my estate.”

It appears that all the persons named in said clause were related by blood to the testatrix, unless it be the one in dispute. The will was typewritten and dictated to a stenographer by Mr. Arnold, the attorney for the testatrix, who testifies that testatrix said that “ she wanted to give her nephews and nieces five hundred dollars each;” that she gave him the names, he writing them down. He also states that there was no direction by testatrix as to the spelling of any of the names and that nothing was said about Willis Odell’s wife.

It is also a fact that the niece by the half blood was known and addressed by the various names of “Ann,” “Anna ” and “Annie.” It is also shown that the testatrix and her niece by the half blood were on friendly and social terms, the testatrix having visited her occasionally within the years immediately preceding her death.

The law favors constructions which will not tend to the disu inheriting of heirs, unless the intention to do so is clearly expressed; so that the property will go to those who are re*408lated in blood to the testatrix, rather than to those who would take nothing from the testatrix as heir or next of kin in case of intestacy (Scott v. Guernsey, 48 N. Y. 106-120; New York Life Ins. & T. Co. v. Viele, 161 id. 11); and expressed words or a necessary implication is requisite in order to disinherit an heir-at-law. Brown v. Quintard, 177 N. Y. 75.

Hephews and nieces mean the immediate descendants of the brothers and sisters of the persons named (Matter of Woodward, 53 Hun, 466) ; and there is no inference that can be drawn from the will, or surrounding circumstances, to indicate that the testatrix intended this legacy for any person other than her niece by blood.

- There is nothing tending to show that the testatrix knew of any distinction in the given names, or of the spelling of any such names, of her niece by blood or her niece (so-called) by marriage. If she had it in her mind to distinguish between them, and had intended to make her niece by marriage her legatee, as it has been endeavored to be shown, she would naturally have instructed her counsel to insert in her will a clause, that would have been apparent to any one, that she intended the wife of Willis B. Odell, her niece by marriage, and not the wife of Duane Odell, her niece by blood, and thus avoided any uncertainty as to her intention, or whom she intended.

It makes no difference whether her niece spelled her name “Ann,” “Anna” or “Annie;” and, unless we can clearly determine from the will and surrounding circumstances that the testatrix intended a stranger to the blood to be her legatee, the blood relative is entitled to take. I can arrive at no conclusion other than that it is my belief and opinion that the testatrix intended her niece by blood to be her legatee.

Let it be decreed accordingly.

Decreed accordingly.