§ 73.664 Determining operating power. ( a ) *Required method.* The operating power of each TV transmitter shall normally be determined by the direct method.
( b ) *Direct method.* The direct method of power determination for a TV transmitter uses the indications of a calibrated transmission line meter located at the RF output terminals of the transmitter. The indications of the calibrated meter are used to observe and maintain the authorized operating power of the transmitter. This meter must be calibrated whenever any component in the metering circuit is repaired or replaced and as often as necessary to ensure operation in accordance with the provisions of § 73.1560. The following calibration procedures are to be used: ( 1 ) The transmission line meter is calibrated by measuring the average power at the output terminals of the transmitter, including any filters which may be used in normal operation. For this determination the average power output is measured while operating into a dummy load of substantially zero reactance and a resistance equal to the transmission line characteristic impedance.
( 2 ) If electrical devices are used to determine the output power, such devices must permit determination of this power to within an accuracy of ±5% of the power indicated by the full scale reading of the electrical indicating instrument of the device. If temperature and coolant flow indicating devices are used to determine the power output, such devices must permit determination of this power to within an accuracy of ±4% of measured average power output. During this measurement the input voltage and current to the final radio frequency amplifier stage and the transmission line meter are to be read and compared with similar readings taken with the dummy load replaced by the antenna. These readings must be in substantial agreement.
( 3 ) The meter must be calibrated with the transmitter operating at 80%, 100%, and 110% of the authorized power as often as may be necessary to maintain its accuracy and ensure correct transmitter operating power. In cases where the transmitter is incapable of operating at 110% of the authorized power output, the calibration may be made at a power output between 100% and 110% of the authorized power output. However, where this is done, the output meter must be marked at the point of calibration of maximum power output, and the station will be deemed to be in violation of this rule if that power is exceeded. The upper and lower limits of permissible power deviation as determined by the prescribed calibration, must be shown upon the meter either by means of adjustable red markers incorporated in the meter or by red marks placed upon the meter scale or glass face. These markings must be checked and changed, if necessary, each time the meter is calibrated.
( c ) *Indirect method.* The operating power is determined by the indirect method by applying an appropriate factor to the input power to the final radio-frequency amplifier stage of the transmitter using the following formula: Formula 1 to introductory text of paragraph (c) Transmitter output power = Ep × Ip × *F* Where: Ep = DC input voltage of the final radio-frequency amplifier stage. Ip = DC input current of the final radio-frequency amplifier stage. *F* = Efficiency factor.
( 1 ) If the above formula is not appropriate for the design of the transmitter final amplifier, use a formula specified by the transmitter manufacturer with other appropriate operating parameters.
( 2 ) The value of the efficiency factor, *F* established for the authorized transmitter output power is to be used for maintaining the operating power, even though there may be some variation in *F* over the power operating range of the transmitter.
( 3 ) The value of *F* is to be determined and a record kept thereof by one of the following procedures listed in order of preference: ( i ) Using the most recent measurement data for calibration of the transmission line meter according to the procedures described in paragraph (b) of this section or the most recent measurements made by the licensee establishing the value of F. In the case of composite transmitters or those in which the final amplifier stages have been modified pursuant to FCC approval, the licensee must furnish the FCC and also retain with the station records the measurement data used as a basis for determining the value of F.
( ii ) Using measurement data shown on the transmitter manufacturer's test data supplied to the licensee, provided that measurements were made at the authorized channel and transmitter output power.
( iii ) Using the transmitter manufacturer's measurement data.
[89 FR 7251, Feb. 1, 2024]