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1 of 17 United States Chemical Safety December 2010 Environmental Protection and Pollution Prevention Agency (7510P)



# Dimethoxane Summary Document Registration Review : Initial Docket December 2010Docket Number: EPA-HQ

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- 20 1 0-0686 \VWW.reg ul at i o n s.gov



## Dimethoxane Summary Document Registration Review : Initial Docket December 2010

Case # 

## 3064

Approved By:

Date:



# , r 7

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### TABLE OF CONTENTS

Dimethoxane Registration Review Team

................................ ................................ ............ 4 I. Preliminary Work Plan

................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 5 II. Fact Sheet

................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 12 III. Summary of Data Gaps

................................ ................................ ................................ 15 IV. Appendix A

................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 16

________________________________________
Please Note

This Preliminary Work Plan and Fact Sheet summarize the Environmental Protection Agency's current position b ased on the following documents:

1. Summary of Product Chemistry, Environmental Fate, and Ecotoxicity Data for the Dimethoxane Registration Review Decision Document

. October 12, 2010

2. Summary of Human Health Effects Data for Dimethoxane Registration Review

. O ctober 15, 2010

Additional supporting documents for dimethoxane may be found in the registration review docket EPA

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- 0686 located on the internet at www.regulations.gov

.Docket Number: EPA

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4 of 17 Dimethoxane Registration Review Team

Tim Dole Human Health & Environmental Effects

Srinivas Gowda

Monisha Harris Risk Management

Lance Wormell

Philip Ross Office of General CounselDocket Number: EPA

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5 of 17 I. Preliminary Work Plan

-- Dimethoxane

Introduction:

The Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) of 1996 mandated a registration review program. All pesticides distributed or sold in the United States generally must be registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA, EPA, or the Agency), based on s cientific data showing that they will not cause unreasonable risks to human health or the environment when used as directed on product labeling. The registration review program is intended to make sure that, as the ability to assess risk evolves and as po licies and practices change, all registered pesticides continue to meet the statutory standard of no unreasonable adverse effects to human health or the environment. Changes in science, public policy, and pesticide use practices will occur over time. Thr ough the registration review program, the Agency periodically reevaluates pesticides to make sure that as change occurs, products in the marketplace can be used safely. Information on this program is provided at http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/registration_review/

. The Agency is implementing the registration review program pursuant to Section 3(g) of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and will review each registered
pe sticide every 15 years to determine whether it continues to meet the FIFRA standard for registration. The Agency will consider benefits information and data as required by FIFRA. The public phase of registration review begins when the initial docket is o pened for each case. The docket is the Agency’s opportunity to state what it knows about the pesticide and what additional risk analyses and data or information it believes are needed to make a registration review decision. After reviewing and responding to comments and data received in the docket during this initial comment period, the Agency will develop and commit to a final work plan and schedule for the d imethoxane case.

The first product containing dimethoxane (PC Code 001001) , as an active ingred ient was registered in the United States in 1962. Currently there is one registered product containing dimethoxane. Dimethoxane is a bacteriostat/fungistat registered for use for the preservation of materials such as industrial adhesives (tape joint compo unds, silicone based adhesives, starch based adhesives, and other adhesives), paints, emulsions (latex, polyvinyl alcohol, silicone, oil, acrylic, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride), coatings, specialty industrial products (pigment slurries, dyestuffs, inks , thickeners, gums, lingosulfonates), textile chemicals and finishes (dye levelers, textile auxiliaries, softeners, lubricants, antistats, sizings, print pastes), leather processing liquors (dyes, wet processing leather finishes), and distillation fuels ag ainst microbial degradation during manufacture, storage, and service life. EPA completed a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) for dimethoxane in 1996.

Documents associated with the registration review of dimethoxane can be viewed at www.regulations.gov in docket EPA

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- 0686 . Below is a summary of the issues relevant to the registration review case.Docket Number: EPA

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6 of 17 Anticipated Risk Assessment and Data Needs:

The Agency anticipate s the need to conduct an environmental fate risk assessment. The Agency anticipates the need to conduct a human health risk assessment. The Agency anticipates needing additional data to conduct the registration review of dimethoxane

. Ecological Risk:

**•** No ecological risk asses sment has been performed for dimethoxane

. An ecological risk assessment was not performed at the time of the RED because the use patterns were expected to result in minimal exposure to the environment and because dimethoxane is not more than slightly toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates, and slightly toxic to practically nontoxic to birds.

**•** The Agency has not conducted a risk assessment that supports a complete endangered species determination. The ecological risk assessment planned during registrat ion review will allow the Agency to determine whether dimethoxane’s use has “no effect or “may affect” federally listed threatened or endangered species (listed species) or their designed critical habitats. When an assessment concludes that a pesticide’s use “may affect” a listed species or its designated critical habitat, the Agency will consult with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and/or National Marine Fisheries Services (the Services), as appropriate.

**•** The Agency does not anticipate the need to requ ire additional ecological data at this time.

**•** The Agency anticipates the need to require the following additional environmental fate data to conduct the registration review of dimethoxane.

835.1110

-- Activated Sludge Sorption Isotherm 835.3110

-- Ready Bio degradability

**•** Please refer to Summary of Product Chemistry, Environmental Fate, and Ecotoxicity Data for the Dimethoxane Registration Review Decision Document located in the docket, for a detailed discussion of these anticipated risk assessment and data n eeds.

Human Health Risk:

**•** The most recent human health risk assessment for dimethoxane was completed in 2009

, in support of a new use in household, industrial, and institutional water based products. The application for the new use was withdrawn in 2010.

**•** A human health risk assessment was not conducted to support the 1996 RED because, at that time, occupational and residential exposure were expected to be minimal and potential resulting toxic effects were expected to be negligible. Because of an incorr ect assumption that dimethoxane had a low vapor pressure, these determinations will be reevaluated during registration review and the Agency anticipates conducting complete occupational and residential exposure risk assessments.Docket Number: EPA

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7 of 17 **•** There is a potential for dr inking water exposure from the material preservative use of dimethoxane. T he Agency intends to determine the need for a drinking water assessment upon the submission and review of the environmental fate data anticipated to be needed for this registration review. The need for an aggregate risk assessment will also be determined by the outcome of the anticipated environmental fate data.

**•** There are no tolerances or exemptions from tolerances for dimethoxane.

**•** The Agency anticipates the need to require the foll owing data to conduct human health risk assessments for dimethoxane.

Special Study

-- Skin (dermal) sensitization 870.3465

-- 90

- day inhalation toxicity (rat) 875.1200

-- Dermal indoor exposure 875.1400

-- Inhalation indoor exposure 875.1600

-- Application exposure data reporting and calculations 875.1700

-- Product use information Special Study

-- Leaching study on textiles Special Study

-- Leaching study on leather

**•** Please refer to Summary of Human Health Effects Data for Dimethoxane Registration Review

, l ocated in the docket, for a detailed discussion of the anticipated human health risk assessment and data needs for dimethoxane.

Product Chemistry:

**•** The Agency does not anticipate the need to require additional product chemistry data at this time.

**•** Dimethox ane is believed to react with water to form acetic acid and a transient intermediate, dioxinol, which then breaks down into acetaldehyde and aldol ( 3

- hydroxybutanal )

.

**•** Please refer to Summary of Product Chemistry, Environmental Fate, and Ecotoxicity Data for the Dimethoxane Registration Review Decision Document

, located in the docket, for a detailed discussion of the anticipated risk assessment s and data needs

.

As required under FFDCA section 408(p), EPA has developed the Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP) to determine whether certain substances (including pesticide active and other ingredients) may have an effect in humans o r wildlife similar to an effect produced by a “naturally occurring estrogen, or other such endocrine effects as the Administrator may designate.” The EDSP employs a two

- tiered approach to making the statutorily required determinations. Tier 1 consists of a battery of 11 screening assays to identify the potential of a chemical substance to interact with the estrogen, androgen, or thyroid (E, A, or T) hormonal Endocrine Disruptor Screening ProgramDocket Number: EPA

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8 of 17 systems. Chemicals that go through Tier 1 screening and are found to have the potential to interact with E, A, or T hormonal systems will proceed to the next stage of the EDSP where EPA will determine which, if any, of the Tier 2 tests are necessary based on the available data. Tier 2 testing is designed to identify any adverse endocrine related effects caused by the substance, and establish a quantitative relationship between the dose and the E, A, or T effect.

Between October 2009 and February 2010, EPA issued test orders/data call

- ins for the first group of 67 chemicals, which contains 58 pesticide act ive ingredients and 9 inert ingredients. This list of chemicals was selected based on the potential for human exposure through pathways such as food and water, residential activity, and certain post

- application agricultural scenarios. This list should not be construed as a list of known or likely endocrine disruptors.

Dimethoxane was not among the group of 58 pesticide active ingredients on the initial list to be screened under the EDSP. Under FFDCA sec. 408(p) the Agency must screen all pesticide chemical s. Accordingly, EPA anticipates issuing future EDSP orders/data call

- ins for all Registration Review cases, including those for which EPA has already opened a Registration Review docket for a pesticide active ingredient.

For further information on the st atus of the EDSP, the policies and procedures, the list of 67 chemicals, the test guidelines and the Tier 1 screening battery, please visit our website: http://www.epa.gov/endo/.

EPA has created the following estimated timeline for the completion of the Dimethoxane registration review: Timeline

Regis tration Review for Dimethoxane

– Projected Registration Review Timeline
Activities Estimated Date Opening the Docket Open Docket and Public Comment Period December 2010 Close Public Comment Period February 2011 Case Development Final Work Plan May 2011 Issue DCI May 2012 Data Submission May 2 014 Open Public Comment Period for Draft Risk Assessments September 2015 Close Public Comment Period December 2015 Registration Review Decision Open Public Comment Period for Proposed Registration Review Decision March 2016

Close Public Comment Period June 2016 Registration Review Decision and Begin Post

- Decision Follow

- up 201 6 Total (years) 6Docket Number: EPA

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9 of 17 The public is invited to comment on EPA’s preliminary work plan and rationale. The Agency will carefully consider all comments as well as any additional information or data provided in a timely manner prior to issuing a final work plan for the dimethoxane registration review case. Guidance for Commenters:

Trade Irritants:

Through the registration review process, the Agency intends to solicit information on trade irritants and, to the extent feasible, take steps toward facilitating irritant resolution. Growers and other stakeholde rs are asked to comment on any trade irritant issues resulting from lack of Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) or disparities between U.S. tolerances and MRLs in key export markets, providing as much specificity as possible regarding the nature of the concern.

Water Quality:

Dimethoxane is not identified as a cause of impairment for any water bodies listed as impaired under section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act, based on information provided at http://iaspub.epa.gov/tmdl_waters10/attains_nation_cy.cause_detail _303d?p_cause_group_id=88 5. In addition, no Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL) have been developed for Dimethoxane

, based on information provided at http://iaspub.epa.gov/tmdl_waters10/attains_nation.tmdl_pollutant_detail?p_pollutant_group_id =885&p_pollutan t_group_name=PESTICIDES.

More information on impaired water bodies and TMDLs can be found at http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/ . The Agency invites submission of water quality data for this pesticide. To the extent possible, data should conform to the quality standards in Appendix A of the OPP Standard Operating Procedure: Inclusion of Impaired Water Body and Other Water Quality Data in OPP’s Registration Review Risk Assessment and Management Process (see: http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/registration_review/water_quality_sop.htm ), in order to ensure the data can be used quantitatively or qualitatively in pesticide risk assessments.

Environmental Justice:

EPA seeks to achieve environmental justice, the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people, regardless of race, color, national origin, or income, in the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws , regulations, and policies. To help address potential environmental justice issues, the Agency seeks information on any groups or segments of the population who, as a result of their location, cultural practices, or other factors, may have atypical, unusu ally high exposure to dimethoxane compared to the general population. Please comment if you are aware of any sub

- populations that may have atypical, unusually high exposure compared to the general population.

Structure Activity Relationships:

EPA must rel y upon information of appropriate quality and reliability for each decision made by the Agency. In the Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP), the evaluation process for a pesticide chemical traditionally begins with the applicant’s submission of a set of stu dies conducted withDocket Number: EPA

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10 of 17 the specific pesticide chemical of interest. The use of the results of such testing (measured data) is a logical, scientifically rigorous process that identifies the physical, chemical, and environmental fate properties of the pesticid e, as well as the dose and endpoints at which an adverse effect can occur in various animal species.

Today, there is significant interest in alternative techniques, i.e., techniques other than data generation that could significantly inform the Agency’s decision

- making process. Recently, OPP has made increasing use of structure activity relationship (SAR ) as part of its regulatory decision

- making process. In the SAR process, a chemical's molecular structure is compared to that of other chemicals for which data are available. These structural similarities are then used to make predictive judgments about a chemical’s physical, chemical, and biological properties. Thus, the chemical’s physical, chemical, and biological properties are a function of (or directly related to) the chemical’s molecular structure. Quantitative SAR is referred to as QSAR. To dev elop a QSAR, a selected set of measured data on a single physical, chemical, or biological property is used to derive a model (an equation) to predict the value of that property.

Since SAR assessments and QSAR modeling are another set of tools that are a vailable to Agency scientists, OPP has begun a process shift that envisions shifting from the current study

- by

- study approach to an approach in which the use of predicted data, generated using validated models, is considered along with information from ope n literature and studies specifically generated under Part 161 requirements. All relevant information would be considered as part of a weight

- of

- the

evidence evaluation.

At this time, EPA believes that for certain endpoints, especially physical/chemical and fate properties, that SAR and QSAR might be effectively utilized to fulfill these data requirements for many antimicrobial pesticide chemicals. When considering biological properties, at this time, EPA believes that SAR and QSAR can be most effective ly utilized in the evaluation of chemicals that exhibit lower toxicity for human health and/or ecotoxicity parameters. This is appropriate because the risk assessment for lower toxicity chemicals can be stream

- lined, i.e., a screening

- level assessment pro cedure rather than multiple tiers of assessments with progressively more data requirements.

If stakeholders believe that submission of predicted data can fulfill one of the data needs for the d imethoxane case, then the Agency invites submission of this inf ormation. The submitter would be expected to supply a rationale describing the utility of the information and provide documentation on the scientific validity of the information. The determination that the predicted data fulfills the data requirement wou ld be at the sole discretion of the Agency. Pre

- submission consultation with the Agency is encouraged.

Additional Information:

Stakeholders are also specifically asked to provide available information and data that will assist the Agency in refining the r isk assessments. The Agency is interested in receiving the following information:

1. Confirmation on the following label information:

a. Sites of applicationDocket Number: EPA

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11 of 17 b. Formulations

c. Application methods and equipment d. Maximum application rates

e. Frequency of application, appl ication intervals and maximum number of applications f. Geographic limitations on use 2. Use or potential use distribution 3. Use history 4. Usage/use information for non

- agricultural uses (e.g., materials preservation) 5. Typical application interval 6. State or local use restrictions 7. Ecological incidents (non

- target plant damage and avian, fish, reptilian, amphibian and mammalian mortalities) not already reported to the Agency 8. Monitoring data 9. Structure Activity Relationships

Next Steps:

After the 60

- day comment period closes in February 2011 , the Agency will review and respond to any comments received in a timely manner, and then issue a Final Work Plan for the dimethoxane case.Docket Number: EPA

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12 of 17 II. Fact Sheet

Background Information:

**•** Active Ingredien t: Dimethoxane

**•** Chemical Name : 2,6

- Dimethyl

- m

- dioxan

- 4

- ol acetate

**•** Registration review case number: 3064

**•** PC Code: 001001

**•** CAS#: 828

- 00

- 2

**•** Technical registrants: Dow Chemical Company

**•** First approved for use in a registered product: 1962

**•** There are no tolerances o r exemptions from tolerances for dimethoxane.

**•** Antimicrobials Division Chemical Review Manager (CRM): Rebecca von dem Hagen, vondem

- hagen.rebecca@epa.gov

**•** Antimicrobials Division Product Manager (PM): Marshall Swindell

, swindell.marshall@epa.gov

**•** Dimethoxane is registered for use as a bacteriostat/fungistat Use & Usage Information:

**•**

o Preservation of materials such as industrial adhesives (tape joint compounds, silicone based adhesives, starch based adhesives, and other adhesives), paints, emulsions (latex, polyvinyl alcohol, silicone, oil, acrylic, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride), coatings, specialty industrial products (pigment slurries, dyestuffs, inks, thickeners, gums, l ingosulfonates), textile chemicals and finishes (dye levelers, textile auxiliaries, softeners, lubricants, antistats, sizings, print pastes), leather processing liquors (dyes, wet processing leather finishes), and distillation fuels against microbial degra dation during manufacture, storage, and service life Antimicrobial Use Sites:

Recent/Pending Regulatory Actions :

**•** The most recent human health risk assessment for dimethoxane was completed in 2009 in support of a new use in household, industrial, and institutional water based pr oducts. The application for the new use was withdrawn in 2010.

**•** There are no other recent or pending regulatory actions involving dimethoxane

.

The Agency has not conducted an ecological risk assessment for dimethoxane. An ecological risk assessment was not performed at the time of the RED because the use patterns were expected to result in minimal exposure to the environment and because dimethoxane is not more than slightly toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates, and slightly toxic to practically nontoxic to birds. Please refer to Summary of Product Chemistry, Environmental Fate, and Ecotoxicity Data Ecological Risk Assessment Status:Docket Number: EPA

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13 of 17 for the Dimethoxane Registration Review Decision Document , located in the docket, for a detailed discussion of the anti cipated environmental fate risk assessment.

The following are key findings of the recent human health risk assessments for dimethoxane

. Please refer to Summary of Human Health Effects Data for Dimethoxane Registration R eview
, located in the docket, for a detailed discussion of the human health risk assessment. Human Health Risk Assessment Status:

Hazard Characterization:

**•** Dimethoxane is a strong sensitizer and of low to moderate acute toxicity by all routes of
exposure.

**•** A complete database of acute toxicity data was available to the Agency at the time the RED was written.

Dietary (Food and Water):

**•** Dimethoxane is not registered for any direct or indirect food uses, nor does it have any FDA approvals for such uses. Produ ct labeling does not permit use in the manufacture of coatings that may come in contact with food.

**•** The Agency did not complete a dietary risk assessment for the RED.

Residential:

**•** The Agency has not conducted a residential risk assessment for d imethoxa ne.
Aggregate:

**•** In examining aggregate exposure, EPA takes into account the available and reliable information concerning exposures to pesticide residues in food and drinking water, as well as non

- occupational pesticide exposures. An aggregate risk assessment has not been conducted for dimethoxane.

Occupational:

**•** The Agency has not conducted an occupational risk assessment for dimethoxane.

Cumulative:

**•** EPA does not have, at this time, available data to determine whether dimethoxane has a common mechanism of tox icity with other substances or how to include this pesticide in a cumulative risk assessment. For the purposes of this Registration Review, EPA has assumed that dimethoxane does not have a common mechanism of toxicity with other substances when used as an antimicrobial as registered. The Agency did not conduct a cumulative risk assessment for the 1996 RED.Docket Number: EPA

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14 of 17 **•** The Agency has reviewed the OPP Incident Data Systems (IDS) and no incidents have been reported for dimethoxane. Incidents:

Tolerances and International Harmonization:

**•** There are no tolerances or exemptions from tolerances for dimethoxane.

**•** As a result of the 1995 RED, a product specific data call

- in (PDCI) was issued in 1996. The most recent generic data call

- in (GDCI) w as issued in 1992. The data required by the previous data call

- ins have been satisfied. The Agency anticipates issuing a generic data call

- in (GDCI) for the registration review of dimethoxane

. Data Call

- In Status:

Labels:

Registered active products, including EPA registrat ion numbers are provided in Table 1 below. For future reference, during registration review a list of product registration numbers will be included in the docket. Product registration labels may be obtained from the Pesticide Product Label System (PPLS) w ebsite at: http://oaspub.epa.gov/pestlabl/ppls.home

. Table 1. Registered Active Products

– Dimethoxane

Registration # Registration Name Company Name Formulation Type % A.I.

464

- 682 Bioban DXN The Dow Chemical Company Soluble Concentrate 87Docket Number: EPA

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15 of 17 III. Summary of Anticipated Data Requirements

– Dimethoxane

The table below summarizes a nticipated data needs for dimethoxane listed in Section I of this document (Preliminary Work Plan), Summary of Product Che mistry, Environmental Fate, and Ecotoxicity Data for the Dimethoxane Registration Review Decision Document , and Summary of Human Health Effects Data for Dimethoxane Registration Review

. Table 2. Summary of Anticipated Data Requirements

– Dimethoxane

Guideline Number Anticipated Data Requirement Test Material Estimated Timeframe (months) (Measured from DCI Receipt)

835.1110 Activated Sludge Sorption Isotherm TGAI 12 835.2120 Hydrolysis TGAI 12 835.3110 Ready Biodegradability TGAI 12 870.2600 Skin (dermal) sensitization TGAI 24 870.3465 90

- day inhalation toxicity (rat) TGAI 24 875.1200 Dermal indoor exposure TGAI 24 875.1400 Inhalation indoor exposure TGAI 24 875.1600 Application exposure data reporting and calculations TGAI 24 875.1700 Product use information TGAI 12 Special Study Leaching Study on Textiles TGAI 24 Special Study Leaching Study on Leather TGAI 24Docket Number: EPA

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16 of 17 IV. Appendix A : Use Patterns

– Dimethoxane

EPA Reg. # Formulation % Active Ingredient in End Use Formulation Use Category Use Site Treatment Site/Surfaces Method of Application Max Application/Use Rate Use Limitations

464

- 682 Soluble concentrate 87.00% Materials Preservatives Adhesives, Industrial (Nonfood Contact) Tape joint compounds, silicone based adhesives, starch based adhesives, other adhesives Not provided .0125

- 0.2% by weight

464

- 682 Soluble concentrate 87.00% Materials Preservatives Paints Paints Not provided 0.04

- 0.2% by weight

464

- 682 Soluble concentrate 87.00% Materials Preservatives Specialty products Emulsions: such as latex, PVA, silicone, oil acrylic, polyethylene, PVC Not provided 0.0 15

- 0.2% by weight

464

- 682 Soluble concentrate 87.00% Materials Preservatives Coatings, Industrial Coatings Not provided 0.06

- 0.2% by weight

464

- 682 Soluble concentrate 87.00% Materials Preservatives Specialty products Specialty industrial products: such as pigment slurries, dyestuffs, inks, thickeners, gums, lingosulfonates Not provided 0.015

- 0.2% by weight

464

- 682 Soluble concentrate 87.00% Materials Preservatives Textiles / Corgage Products Textile chemicals and finishes such as dye levelers, textile auxiliaries, softeners, lubricants, antistats, sizings and print pastes Not provided 0.05

- 0.2% by weight

464

- 682 Soluble concentrate 87.00% Materials Preservatives Hides / Leather / Leather Products (Surfaces) Leather processing liquors such as dyes, wet processing leather finishes Not provided add 0.05%

- 0.2% by weightDocket Number: EPA

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17 of 17 464

- 682 Soluble concentrate 87.00% Materials Preservatives Specialty products Distillation fuels Not provided 0.025

- 0.2% by weight