### Mid-Continent Water Management For Stimulation Operations

D. Steven Tipton, P.E. March 29-30, 2011 EPA Technical Workshop – Hydraulic Fracturing

Water Resource Management

Arlington, VA

# Water  Water, like religion and ideology, has the power to move millions of people. Since the very birth of human civilization, people have moved to settle close to it. People move when there is too little of it. People move when there is too much of it. People journey down it. People write, sing and dance about it. People fight over it. And all people, everywhere and every day, need it. Mikhail Gorbachev

# Why Is Water Important?
 Water is the most common and most heavily used fluid in the petroleum industry  Water is produced along with oil and gas from nearly every well  Water is used as a base fluid in production, drilling, and completion operations  Water will be produced, recycled, injected, mixed, cleaned, and reinjected 

###  Water’s use and protection are emotionally charged subjects in many communities

# Mid-Continent Water Operations General Comments  Water is the major component of fracturing • Water and its treatment, transportation and disposal costs from $3.50 to more than $15/bbl depending on the operating area 

###  Initial Water Sources • Aquifers for the Granite Wash • Surface water (ponds) for the Woodford Shale 

###  Our systems have evolved over the last six years as the Granite Wash and Woodford plays have been developed • To using large frac ponds (from 100,000 to 500,000 bbl) • Transporting the water through aluminum or poly lines • Being able to frac at over 100 BPM

## Mid-Continent Water Operations General Comments  Granite Wash Operations recycle up to 80% of water used • Flowback /Produced water has relatively low chloride content (~10,000 ppm) • Transported to recycle pits through poly lines 

###  Arkoma reuses 6% of produced water • Flowback /Produced water has chloride content in the 30,000 to 70,000 ppm range • Transported to recycle facility by trucks • Cleaned and used as a brine source • Combined with fresh water

# The Life of a Barrel of Frac Water

Title Water SourceGround water or rain run off Water storage-pit or frac tanks

Flow back and separate water from hydrocarbons Pump into well using frac pumps
Pump water to recycle pit, truck to disposal or Ecosphere Pump to frac using transfer pumps and poly or aluminum lines
Store water in recycle pit or frac tanks for reuse 4 5 7 6 1 2 3

## Water Supply

Water Path To The Well Pad

# Water Recycling Best Practices

Water Path Away From The Well PadNFX Wells 

# NFX Granite Wash Operations

Briscoe Britt Ranch

# Granite Wash Pit Data  Britt Ranch • Flow back  7 pits  total capacity of 2.4 million bbls • Freshwater  10 pits  total capacity of 1.3 million bbls 

###  Briscoe • Flow back  2 pits  900,000 bbls capacity

# Granite Wash Frac Water Set Up

# Granite Wash Water Transfer Lines

# Poly Pipe Cross Section

# Granite Wash Example Completion (2 Well Pad)  Reasons to use recycled water • Saving Fresh Water – 250 million gallons per year • Saving Money – KCl savings of $825,000 • Saving Space – KCl concentrate would have required 60 frac tanks 

###  Frac water requirement – 800,000 bbl  Closest recycle water pit – 300,000 bbl  Closest fresh water pit – 120,000 bbl  To move water to the right place at the right time 

### required: • 14 transfer pumps • 16 miles of 8” poly • 10 miles of 4” poly • 2 miles of 10” aluminumK Pad 800,000 bbl Primary Water Source 300,000 bbl Standby Water Source 120,000 bbl 4” Poly Pipe 8” Poly Pipe 10” Irrigation Pipe 8” Poly Permanent Pipe Fresh Water Pits Recycle Water Pits

# Granite Wash pumping flow back to recycle pits

# Granite Wash Load Recovery

Flow Back  Capacity over 500 BPH  Replenish frac water supply Trucking  Break even with pumping 55 BPH  11 to 12 trucks per dayNFX Wells 

# NFX Arkoma Operations

Arkoma

# Arkoma Basin Water Pit Locations

# Woodford Pit Data  Fresh water Pits • 60 ponds under contract • Total capacity of 8 million bbls • 22 additional landowner ponds available • Total capacity of 2 million bbls • Irrigation Pipe (3 rd Party) • Pumping up to 2.5 miles • Not transferring flow back water by pipe

# Typical Frac Pond

Water transfer lines Water transfer pumps

# Typical Frac Location Set Up

Working tanks Water transfer lines

Acid tanks Flow back tanks

Fluid frac tanks Pump Trucks
Sand Storage Wellhead Command Van High Pressure Injection Lines

Blender Units Sand Truck Diesel Truck

# Ecosphere

 Can treat and filter up to 3,000 BWPD  Concentrated High Chloride Water (CHCW) ~70,000 ppm TDS  Storage capacity 6,000 BW  Reduces chemical use: • Substitute for KCL • Bactericides • Friction reducers • Scale inhibitors

# Load Recovery Trucking  Flow back at rates up to 400 BPH/well  Have trucked up to 320 loads per day  Water hauled to company or commercial disposal and Ecosphere facility

# Questions!?!?!