2022 Lifecycle GHG Emissions (tonnes)

International Livestock Emissions

Source CH4 N2O CO2 CO2-eq.

Livestock Changes - Canada & United States 730 (1) 15,133

Livestock Changes - Western Europe (146) (2) (3,796)

Livestock Changes - Eastern Europe (498) (11) (13,874)

Livestock Changes - Oceania 26 (0) 415

Livestock Changes - Latin America (1,991) (44) (55,351)

Livestock Changes - Asia 737 25 23,317

Livestock Changes - Africa and Middle East 354 19 13,232

Livestock Changes - Indian Subcontinent 124 1 2,955

Total (664) (13) - (17,968)
Livestock Changes from FAPRI-CARD model

Canada & United States (thousand head)

Dairy 4.9

Beef -7.5

Swine 6.8

Sheep 0.0

Poultry 15.3

Western Europe

Dairy -0.6

Beef 2.3

Swine -10.8

Sheep -4.0

Poultry 284.3

Eastern Europe

Dairy 0.0

Beef -6.0

Swine -6.9

Sheep 0.0

Poultry -696.1

Oceania

Dairy 0.1

Beef -0.1

Swine 1.6

Sheep -0.2

Poultry -264.6

Latin America

Dairy 2.6

Beef -38.0

Swine 3.0

Sheep 0.0

Poultry -0.9

Asia

Dairy 2.6

Beef 5.4

Swine -1.7

Sheep 54.8

Poultry -111.0

Africa and Middle East

Dairy 0.1

Beef 10.2

Swine 7.2

Sheep 0.0

Poultry 106.1

India
Dairy 0.0

Beef 4.2

Swine 0.5

Sheep 0.0

Poultry -91.8

Livestock Emission Factors

Enteric Fermentation (kg CH4/head - year) Dairy Cattle

North America 121 53

Western Europe 109 57

Eastern Europe 89 58

Oceania 81 60

Latin America 63 56

Asia 61 47

Africa and Middle East 40 31

Indian Subcontinent 51 27

Manure Management (kg CH4/head - year) Dairy Cattle

North America 78 2

Western Europe 51 15

Eastern Europe 27 13

Oceania 29 2

Latin America 1 1

Asia 18 1

Africa and Middle East 1.5 1

Indian Subcontinent 5 2

TAM (kg / head) Dairy Cattle

North America 604 389

Western Europe 600 420

Eastern Europe 550 391

Oceania 500 330

Latin America 400 305

Asia 350 319

Africa and Middle East 275 173

Indian Subcontinent 275 110

N Rate (kg N / (1000 kg animal mass) - day) Dairy Cattle

North America 0.44 0.31

Western Europe 0.48 0.33

Eastern Europe 0.35 0.35

Oceania 0.44 0.5

Latin America 0.48 0.36

Asia 0.47 0.34

Africa and Middle East 0.65 0.71

Indian Subcontinent 0.47 0.34

Nex (kg N / animal - year) Dairy Cattle

North America 97.0024 44.01535

Western Europe 105.12 50.589

Eastern Europe 70.2625 49.95025
Oceania 80.3 60.225

Latin America 70.08 40.077

Asia 60.0425 39.5879

Africa and Middle East 65.24375 44.83295

Indian Subcontinent 47.17625 13.651

MS% Dairy Lagoon Liquid/Slurry Solid Storage

North America 15.0% 27.0% 26.3%

Western Europe 0.0% 35.7% 36.8%

Eastern Europe 0.0% 17.5% 60.0%

Oceania 16.0% 1.0% 0.0%

Latin America 0.0% 1.0% 1.0%

Asia 4.0% 38.0% 0.0%

Africa and Middle East 0.0% 0.5% 1.5%

Indian Subcontinent 0.0% 1.0% 0.0%

EF3 0 0.005 0.005

EF4 0.0035 0.004 0.003

MS% Cattle Lagoon Liquid/Slurry Solid Storage

North America 0.0% 0.2% 0.0%

Western Europe 0.0% 25.2% 39.0%

Eastern Europe 0.0% 22.5% 44.0%

Oceania 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Latin America 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Asia 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Africa and Middle East 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Indian Subcontinent 0.0% 1.0% 0.0%

EF3 0 0.005 0.005

EF4 0.0035 0.004 0.0045

MS% Swine Lagoon Liquid/Slurry Solid Storage

North America 32.8% 18.5% 4.2%

Western Europe 8.7% 0.0% 13.7%

Eastern Europe 3.0% 0.0% 42.0%

Oceania 54.0% 0.0% 3.0%

Latin America 0.0% 8.0% 10.0%

Asia 0.0% 40.0% 0.0%

Africa and Middle East 0.0% 10.0% 3.0%

Indian Subcontinent 9.0% 22.0% 16.0%

EF3 0 0.005 0.005

EF4 0.004 0.0048 0.0045

Weighted EF3 (kg N2O-n / kg N) Dairy Cattle

North America 0.008765 0.01999

Western Europe 0.009075 0.01017

Eastern Europe 0.008175 0.008675

Oceania 0.01685 0.02

Latin America 0.0197 0.0199

Asia 0.0124 0.0198
Africa and Middle East 0.01845 0.019

Indian Subcontinent 0.01435 0.01455

Weighted EF4 (kg N2O-n / kg N) Dairy Cattle

North America 0.0025984 0.0011305

Western Europe 0.002721 0.0029996

Eastern Europe 0.0026435 0.00302

Oceania 0.001188 0.000907

Latin America 0.000756 0.000693

Asia 0.002003 0.001744

Africa and Middle East 0.00066 0.0006495

Indian Subcontinent 0.000362 0.000454

EF5 (kg N2O-n / kg N) Dairy Cattle

North America 0.00075 0.00075

Western Europe 0.00075 0.00075

Eastern Europe 0.00075 0.00075

Oceania 0.00075 0.00075

Latin America 0.00075 0.00075

Asia 0.00075 0.00075

Africa and Middle East 0.00075 0.00075

Indian Subcontinent 0.00075 0.00075

Swine Sheep

1.5 8

1.5 8

1.5 8

1 5

1 5

1 5

1 5

1 5

Swine Sheep Poultry

23.5 0.28 0.02

15.5 0.28 0.02

6.5 0.28 0.02

18 0.15 0.02

1 0.15 0.02

4 0.15 0.02

2 0.15 0.02

4 0.15 0.02

Swine Sheep Poultry

122 48.5 0.9

124 48.5 0.9

115 48.5 0.9

112.5 28 0.9

28 28 0.9

28 28 0.9

28 28 0.9

28 28 0.9

Swine Sheep Poultry

0.5 0.42 1.1

0.68 0.85 1.1

0.74 0.9 1.1

0.73 1.13 1.1

1.64 1.17 1.1

0.5 1.17 1.1

1.64 1.17 1.1

0.5 1.17 1.1

Swine Sheep Poultry

22.265 7.43505 0.36135

30.7768 15.047125 0.36135

31.0615 15.93225 0.36135
29.975625 11.5486 0.36135

16.7608 11.9574 0.36135

5.11 11.9574 0.36135

16.7608 11.9574 0.36135

5.11 11.9574 0.36135

Drylot Pasture/Range/Paddock Daily Spread Digester Burned for Fuel Other

0.0% 10.8% 18.4% 0.0% 0.0% 2.6%

0.0% 20.0% 7.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.5%

0.0% 18.0% 2.5% 0.0% 0.0% 2.0%

0.0% 76.0% 8.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

0.0% 36.0% 62.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

0.0% 20.0% 29.0% 2.0% 7.0% 0.0%

0.0% 81.5% 3.5% 0.0% 11.5% 2.0%

0.0% 27.0% 19.0% 1.0% 51.0% 0.0%

0.02 0.02 0.02 0 0.01 0.01

0.002 0.0007 0.0007 0 0 0

Drylot Pasture/Range/Paddock Daily Spread Digester Burned for Fuel Other

18.4% 81.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

0.0% 32.0% 1.8% 0.0% 0.0% 2.0%

0.0% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 13.5%

9.0% 91.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

0.0% 99.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.0%

46.0% 50.0% 2.0% 0.0% 2.0% 0.0%

1.0% 87.0% 1.5% 0.0% 10.0% 1.0%

4.0% 22.0% 20.0% 1.0% 53.0% 0.0%

0.02 0.02 0.02 0 0.01 0.01

0.003 0.0007 0.0007 0 0 0

Drylot Pit <1 month Pit .1 month Daily Spread Digester Other

4.0% 0.0% 40.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

0.0% 2.8% 69.8% 2.0% 0.0% 3.0%

0.0% 24.7% 24.7% 0.0% 0.0% 5.7%

15.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 28.0%

41.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.0% 0.0% 40.0%

54.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 7.0% 0.0%

78.0% 0.5% 8.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

30.0% 3.0% 0.0% 9.0% 8.0% 3.0%

0.02 0.002 0.002 0.02 0 0.01

0 0.0025 0.0025 0 0 0

Swine Sheep Poultry

0.002747 0.01 0.001

0.002837 0.01 0.001

0.003658 0.01 0.001

0.00595 0.01 0.001

0.0135 0.01 0.001

0.0128 0.01 0.001
0.01643 0.01 0.001

0.01006 0.01 0.001

Swine Sheep Poultry

0.003404 0.00200 0.00475

0.0027795 0.00200 0.00475

0.003245 0.00200 0.00475

0.002295 0.00200 0.00475

0.000834 0.00200 0.00475

0.00192 0.00200 0.00475

0.00084 0.00200 0.00475

0.002211 0.00200 0.00475

Swine Sheep Poultry

0.00075 0.00225 0.00075

0.00075 0.00225 0.00075

0.00075 0.00225 0.00075

0.00075 0.00225 0.00075

0.00075 0.00225 0.00075

0.00075 0.00225 0.00075

0.00075 0.00225 0.00075

0.00075 0.00225 0.00075





Winrock % of Land Type

Other Latin America 100% 1.98

Rest of World 100% 0.94



COUNTRY NPV of 30-Yr Total

Indonesia 0 0 0 0.00 Indonesia 24%

Philippines 0 0 0 0.00 Philippines 100%

Malaysia 0 0 0 0.00 China 87%

#REF!
Calculation of N2O emissions from application of manage manure to soils. 

Does not include PRP or daily spread manure emissions, since these are accounted for in the original manure management m

Dairy Numbers Change 

(Head) Lagoon

Liquid/Slurr

y Solid Storage Drylot

Pasture/Rang

e/Paddock

North America 732 1,317 1,283 - 527

Western Europe - (215) (221) - (120)

Eastern Europe - 1 3 - 1

Oceania 14 1 - - 66

Latin America - 26 26 - 948

Asia 104 985 - - 519

Africa and Middle East - 0 1 - 62

Indian Subcontinent - 0 - - 0

Cattle Numbers Change 

(Head) Lagoon

Liquid/Slurr

y Solid Storage Drylot

Pasture/Rang

e/Paddock

North America - (15) - (1,375) (6,091)

Western Europe - 568 879 - 721

Eastern Europe - (1,361) (2,662) - (1,210)

Oceania - - - (11) (111)

Latin America - - - - (37,606)

Asia - - - 2,493 2,710

Africa and Middle East - - - 102 8,907

Indian Subcontinent - 42 - 170 933

Swine Numbers Change 

(Head) Lagoon

Liquid/Slurr

y Solid Storage Drylot Pit <1 month

North America 2,222 1,253 284 271 -

Western Europe (943) - (1,485) - (304)

Eastern Europe (206) - (2,881) - (1,694)

Oceania 848 - 47 235 -

Latin America - 243 303 1,244 -

Asia - (663) - (895) -

Africa and Middle East - 720 216 5,612 36

Indian Subcontinent 47 114 83 155 16

Dairy Nex Change (kg N) Lagoon

Liquid/Slurr

y Solid Storage Drylot

Pasture/Rang

e/Paddock

North America 70,996 127,792 124,479 - 51,117

Western Europe - (22,565) (23,261) - (12,642)

Eastern Europe - 54 186 - 56

Oceania 1,111 69 - - 5,275
Latin America - 1,846 1,846 - 66,456

Asia 6,228 59,166 - - 31,140

Africa and Middle East - 25 74 - 4,014

Indian Subcontinent - 0 - - 1

% lost in Manure 

Management 77% 40% 40% 30%

Cattle Nex Change (kg N) Lagoon

Liquid/Slurr

y Solid Storage Drylot

Pasture/Rang

e/Paddock

North America - (658) - (60,532) (268,116)

Western Europe - 28,735 44,471 - 36,489

Eastern Europe - (67,987) (132,951) - (60,432)

Oceania - - - (663) (6,702)

Latin America - - - - (1,507,154)

Asia - - - 98,710 107,294

Africa and Middle East - - - 4,590 399,322

Indian Subcontinent - 579 - 2,316 12,738

% lost in Manure 

Management 40% 50% 40%

Swine Nex Change (kg N) Lagoon

Liquid/Slurr

y Solid Storage Drylot Pit <1 month

North America 49,465 27,900 6,334 6,032 -

Western Europe (29,033) - (45,718) - (9,344)

Eastern Europe (6,392) - (89,484) - (52,625)

Oceania Oceania 25,410 - 1,412 7,058 -

Latin America - 4,069 5,086 20,854 -

Asia - (3,389) - (4,575) -

Africa and Middle East - 12,060 3,618 94,069 603

Indian Subcontinent 238 581 423 793 79

% lost in Manure 

Management 78% 48% 50% 30% 25%

Manure N available for 

application (kg N) (not 

including PRP and daily 

spread) Dairy Cattle Swine Sheep Poultry

North America 167,692 (36,714) 78,701 NA 5,486

Western Europe (27,496) 39,477 (210,951) NA 102,074

Eastern Europe 145 (107,268) (125,085) NA (249,886)

Oceania 297 (398) 11,237 NA (94,998)

Latin America 2,215 - 19,257 NA (316)

Asia 37,648 59,226 (5,095) NA (39,844)

Africa and Middle East 59 2,754 82,069 NA 38,087
Indian Subcontinent 0 1,870 1,227 NA (32,946)

Change in direct N2O 

emissions (kg N2O) Dairy Cattle Swine Sheep Poultry

North America 2,635 (577) 1,237 NA 86

Western Europe (432) 620 (3,315) NA 1,604

Eastern Europe 2 (1,686) (1,966) NA (3,927)

Oceania 5 (6) 177 NA (1,493)

Latin America 35 - 303 NA (5)

Asia 592 931 (80) NA (626)

Africa and Middle East 1 43 1,290 NA 599

Indian Subcontinent 0 29 19 NA (518)

Change in indirect N2O 

emissions from volatilization 

(kg N2O) (includes PRP and 

daily spread) Dairy Cattle Swine Sheep Poultry

North America 901 (958) 247 NA 17

Western Europe (137) 244 (679) NA 321

Eastern Europe 1 (527) (393) NA (785)

Oceania 19 (22) 35 NA (299)

Latin America 496 (4,737) 63 NA (1)

Asia 327 534 (16) NA (125)

Africa and Middle East 13 1,281 258 NA 120

Indian Subcontinent Indian Subcontinent 0 74 4 NA (104)

Change in indirect N2O 

emissions from 

leaching/runoff (kg N2O) Dairy Cattle Swine Sheep Poultry

North America 593 (130) 278 NA 19

Western Europe (97) 140 (746) NA 361

Eastern Europe 1 (379) (442) NA (884)

Oceania 1 (1) 40 NA (336)

Latin America 8 - 68 NA (1)

Asia 133 209 (18) NA (141)

Africa and Middle East 0 10 290 NA 135

Indian Subcontinent 0 7 4 NA (116)

Total change in N2O 

emissions (kg N2O) Dairy Cattle Swine Sheep Poultry

North America 4,129 (1,665) 1,762 - 123

Western Europe (666) 1,004 (4,740) - 2,286

Eastern Europe 3 (2,592) (2,801) - (5,596)
Oceania 25 (30) 252 

- (2,127)

Latin America 539 (4,737) 434 

- (7)

Asia 1,052 1,674 (114) 

- (892)

Africa and Middle East 14 1,334 1,838 

- 853

Indian Subcontinent 

0 110 28 - (738)

Total 5,096 (4,902) (3,342) 

- (6,098)
in the original manure management methodology.

Daily 

Spread Digester

Burned for 

Fuel Other 1,000 Head

 898 - - 127 0.01 EF1

 (42) - - (3) 1.6 convert N2O-N to N2O

 0 - - 0 0.01 Volatilization EF [kg N2O–N/(kg NH3–N + NOX–N volatilised)]

 7 - - - 0.2 Volatilization from organic fertilizer & dung [(kg NH3–N + NOx–N

 1,633 - - - 0.0075 Leaching/Runoff EF (kg N20-N/kg N leaching or runoff)

 752 52 182 - 0.3 N losses by leaching/runoff (N losses by leaching or runoff/kg N a

 3 - 9 2

 0 0 0 -

Daily 

Spread Digester

Burned for 

Fuel Other

 - - - - TABLE 10.23 DEFAULT VALUES FOR TOTAL NITROGEN LOSS FRO

 41 - - 45

Animal 

category 

Manure 

management 

system

Total N loss 

from MMS 

FracLossMS 

 - - - (817) Anaerobic lagoon 78%

 - - - - Pit storage 25%

 - - - (380) Deep bedding 50%

 108 - 108 - Liquid/Slurry 48%

 154 - 1,024 102 Solid storage 50%

 848 42 2,248 - Anaerobic lagoon 77%

Liquid/Slurry 40%

Swine 

Pit .1 

month

Daily 

Spread Digester Other Pit storage 28%

 2,750 - - - Dry lot 30%

 (7,568) (217) - (325) Solid storage 40%

 (1,694) - - (391) Daily spread 22%

 - - - 440 Poultry without litter 55%

 - 61 - 1,214 Anaerobic lagoon 77%

 - - (116) - Poultry with litter 50%

 612 - - - Dry lot 40%

 - 47 41 16 Solid storage 50%

Deep bedding 40%

Daily 

Spread Digester

Burned for 

Fuel Other Deep bedding 35%

 87,088 - - 12,306 Solid storage 15%

 (4,425) - - (316) From IPCC 2006 Guidelines

 8 - - 6 Lagoon Pit Storage

 555 - - - Dairy 77% 28%

Other Cattle 

Other (sheep, 

horses)

Dairy Cow 

Poultry 
 114,452 - - - Cattle

 45,153 3,114 10,899 - Swine 78% 25%

 172 - 566 99 Sheep

 1 0 3 - Poultry 77%

22% 77%

Daily 

Spread Digester

Burned for 

Fuel Other

 - - - -

 2,053 - - 2,281

 - - - (40,792)

 - - - -

 - - - (15,224)

 4,292 - 4,292 -

 6,885 - 45,899 4,590

 11,580 579 30,688 -

22.0% 77.0%

Pit .1 

month

Daily 

Spread Digester Other

 61,228 - - -

 (232,929) (6,674) - (10,011)

 (52,625) - - (12,144)

 - - - 13,176

 - 1,017 - 20,345

 - - (593) -

 10,251 - - -

 - 238 211 79

25% 22.0% 78%

Poultry Manure kg N2O-N emissions accounted for in MM calc

 36

 668

 (1,635)

 (622)

 (2)

 (261)

 249
 (216)

Total

 4,350

 (2,117)

 (10,985)
 (1,881)

 (3,771)

 1,719

 4,039

 (599)

 (9,246)
+ NOX–N volatilised)]

ung [(kg NH3–N + NOx–N)/kg N applied]

hing or runoff)

leaching or runoff/kg N addition)

TAL NITROGEN LOSS FROM MANURE MANAGEMENT 

(Range of 

FracLossMS) 

(55 – 99)

(15 – 30)

(10 – 60)

(15 – 60)

(20 – 70)

(55 – 99)

(15 – 45)

(10 – 40)

(10 – 35)

(10 – 65)

(15 – 60)

(40 – 70)

(50 – 99)

(20 – 80)

(20 – 50)

(20 – 70)

(10 – 50)

(15 – 40)

(5 – 20)

Deep Bedding Liquid/Slurry

Solid 

Storage Drylot

Daily 

Spread

40% 40% 30% 22%
40% 50% 40%

50% 48% 50%

35% 15%

50%