I

103D CONGRESS

2D SESSION H. R. 4498

To provide additional assistance to persons receiving aid to families with

dependent children who are most likely to use the assistance to end

their welfare dependence.

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

MAY 25, 1994

Mrs. MINK of Hawaii (for herself, Mr. ABERCROMBIE, Mr. BECERRA, Mr.

CLAY, Mrs. CLAYTON, Miss COLLINS of Michigan, Mr. DELLUMS, Mr.

EDWARDS of California, Mr. ENGEL, Mr. EVANS, Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA,

Mr. FILNER, Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts, Mr. GONZALEZ, Mr. HAMBURG, Mr. HASTINGS, Mr. HINCHEY, Mr. JEFFERSON, Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas, Mr. LEWIS of Georgia, Mr. MARTINEZ, Ms.

MCKINNEY, Mrs. MEEK of Florida, Mr. MFUME, Mr. MINETA, Mr.

NADLER, Ms. NORTON, Mr. OLVER, Mr. OWENS, Mr. PASTOR, Mr.

PAYNE of New Jersey, Mr. RANGEL, Mr. ROMERO-BARCELO ́, Ms. ROYBAL-ALLARD, Mr. RUSH, Mrs. SCHROEDER, Mr. SERRANO, Mr. TOWNS,

Mr. UNDERWOOD, Mrs. UNSOELD, Ms. VELA ́ZQUEZ, Mr. WASHINGTON,

Ms. WATERS, Mr. WATT, Ms. WOOLSEY, Mr. WYNN, Mr. YATES, Mr.

CONYERS, and Mr. FOGLIETTA) introduced the following bill; which was

referred jointly to the Committees on Ways and Means, Education and

Labor, Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs, and Agriculture

A BILL

To provide additional assistance to persons receiving aid

to families with dependent children who are most likely

to use the assistance to end their welfare dependence.

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
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1 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

2 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Job Start for America

3 Act of 1994’’.

4 SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

5 The table of contents of this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title.

Sec. 2. Table of contents.

TITLE I—AFDC AMENDMENTS

Sec. 101. Benefits for first phase families.

Sec. 102. Continuation of AFDC benefits for second phase families for 2 years

while working.

Sec. 103. Increase in resource threshold.

Sec. 104. Job training and job search counseling.

Sec. 105. Definitions.

Sec. 106. Elimination of the JOBS program.

Sec. 107. Elimination of rules that treat families differently based on number

of parents in the home.

TITLE II—HOUSING AMENDMENTS

Sec. 201. Temporary exclusion of earned income for purposes of determining

rent paid for units in federally assisted housing.

TITLE III—FOOD STAMP AMENDMENT

Sec. 301. Continuation of benefits.

Sec. 302. Application of amendment.

TITLE IV—HEAD START AMENDMENT

Sec. 401. Authorization of appropriations for full-day and full-year services.

TITLE V—EFFECTIVE DATE

Sec. 501. Effective date.

6 TITLE I—AFDC AMENDMENTS

7 SEC. 101. BENEFITS FOR FIRST PHASE FAMILIES.

8 (a) CHILD CARE.—

9 (1) VOUCHERS.—Section 402 of the Social Se10 curity Act (42 U.S.C. 602) is amended by adding at

11 the end the following:
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1 ‘‘(j)(1) Each State agency shall provide to the care2 taker relative of each first phase family in the State vouch3 ers entitling any child care provider who meets applicable

4 standards of State and local law and who receives such

5 a voucher to payments from the State equal to the provid6 er’s cost of providing child care with respect to the family.

7 ‘‘(2) The value of a voucher provided under this sub8 section—

9 ‘‘(A) shall not be treated as income for pur10 poses of any Federal or federally assisted program

11 that bases eligibility for, or the amount of, benefits

12 upon need; and

13 ‘‘(B) may not be claimed as an employment-re14 lated expense for purposes of the credit under sec15 tion 21 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.’’.

16 (2) PAYMENTS TO STATES.—Section 403 of

17 such Act (42 U.S.C. 603) is amended by adding at

18 the end the following:

19 ‘‘(o) Each State shall be entitled to payment from

20 the Secretary of an amount equal to the expenditures by

21 the State under section 402(j) for any fiscal year.’’.

22 (3) AVAILABILITY FOR CHILDREN WHOSE PAR23 ENTS ARE IN JOB TRAINING.—Section 402(g)(1)(A)

24 of such Act, as amended by section 105(b)(3) of this

25 Act, is amended by striking ‘‘or remain employed’’
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1 and inserting ‘‘, remain employed, or participate in

2 job training activities’’.

3 (b) CONTINUATION OF AFDC BENEFITS FOR 2

4 YEARS WHILE WORKING.—Section 402(a) of such Act

5 (42 U.S.C. 602(a)) is amended—

6 (1) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end of paragraph

7 (44);

8 (2) by striking the period at the end of para9 graph (45) and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and

10 (3) by inserting after paragraph (45) the fol11 lowing:

12 ‘‘(46) provide that a first phase family (as de13 fined in section 406(d)(1)) shall not be eligible for

14 aid under the State plan after the earlier of—

15 ‘‘(A) the 2-year period that begins with the

16 date the parent who is the principal earner for

17 the family becomes gainfully employed; or

18 ‘‘(B) the 6-month period that begins with

19 the date the income of the family exceeds 300

20 percent of the poverty line.’’.

21 (c) 6-MONTH DISREGARD OF ASSETS OF SPOUSE

22 WHO MARRIES AFDC RECIPIENT.—Section 402(a)(7)(B)

23 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 602(a)(7)(B)) is amended—

24 (1) by striking ‘‘or’’ at the end of clause (iii);

25 and
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1 (2) by inserting ‘‘, or (v) in the case of a family

2 receiving such aid the caretaker relative for whom

3 marries an individual in a month, any asset of the

4 individual, but only for the 6-month period that be5 gins with the month after the month in which the

6 marriage occurs’’ before the semicolon.

7 SEC. 102. CONTINUATION OF AFDC BENEFITS FOR SECOND

8 PHASE FAMILIES FOR 2 YEARS WHILE WORK9 ING.

10 Section 402(a)(46) of the Social Security Act (42

11 U.S.C. 602(a)(46)), as added by section 101(b)(3) of this

12 Act, is amended by inserting ‘‘or a second phase family

13 (as defined in section 406(d)(2))’’ before ‘‘shall not’’.

14 SEC. 103. INCREASE IN RESOURCE THRESHOLD.

15 Section 402(a)(7)(B) of the Social Security Act (42

16 U.S.C. 602(a)(7)(B)) is amended by striking ‘‘$1,000 or

17 such lower amount as the State may determine’’ and in18 serting ‘‘$2,500’’.

19 SEC. 104. JOB TRAINING AND JOB SEARCH COUNSELING.

20 Section 402(a) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C.

21 602(a)), as amended by section 101(b) of this Act, is

22 amended—

23 (1) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end of paragraph

24 (45);
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1 (2) by striking the period at the end of para2 graph (46) and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and

3 (3) by inserting after paragraph (46) the fol4 lowing:

5 ‘‘(47) provide that—

6 ‘‘(A) the State agency shall provide job

7 training and job search counseling to all recipi8 ents of aid under the State plan, including—

9 ‘‘(i) educational activities (as appro10 priate), including high school or equivalent

11 education (combined with training as need12 ed), basic and remedial education to

13 achieve a basic literacy level, and education

14 for individuals with limited English pro15 ficiency;

16 ‘‘(ii) job skills training;

17 ‘‘(iii) job readiness activities to help

18 prepare participants for work; and

19 ‘‘(iv) job development and job place20 ment; and

21 ‘‘(B) the State agency shall not make such

22 job training or job search counseling available

23 to any second phase family until such job train24 ing and job search counseling has been made

25 available to each first phase family, and shall
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1 not make such job training or job search coun2 seling available to any family that is not a first

3 phase family or a second phase family until

4 such job training and job search counseling has

5 been made available to each second phase fam6 ily.’’.

7 SEC. 105. DEFINITIONS.

8 Section 406(d) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C.

9 606(d)) is amended to read as follows:

10 ‘‘(d)(1) The term ‘first phase family’ means a quali11 fied family the parent who is the principal earner for

12 which has ever been gainfully employed for 3 or more

13 months (whether or not consecutive).

14 ‘‘(2) The term ‘second phase family’ means a quali15 fied family the parent who is the principal earner for

16 which—

17 ‘‘(A) has graduated from secondary school or

18 has a certificate of high school equivalency; and

19 ‘‘(B) has never been gainfully employed.

20 ‘‘(3) The term ‘qualified family’ means a family

21 that—

22 ‘‘(A) is a recipient of aid to families with de23 pendent children under a State plan approved under

24 this part; and
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1 ‘‘(B) includes a dependent child who is eligible

2 for benefits under the Head Start program or who

3 has attained 6 years of age.

4 ‘‘(4) The term ‘poverty line’ means, with respect to

5 a family, the income official poverty line (as defined by

6 the Office of Management and Budget, and revised annu7 ally in accordance with section 673(2) of the Omnibus

8 Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981) applicable to a family

9 of the same size as the family.’’.

10 SEC. 106. ELIMINATION OF THE JOBS PROGRAM.

11 (a) IN GENERAL.—

12 (1) Section 402(a) of the Social Security Act

13 (42 U.S.C. 602(a)) is amended by striking para14 graph (19).

15 (2) Section 403 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 603) is

16 amended by striking subsections (k) and (l), except

17 that subparagraph (A) of section 403(l)(3) shall re18 main in effect for purposes of applying any reduc19 tion in payment rates required by such subpara20 graph for any of the fiscal years specified in such

21 subparagraph.

22 (3) Part F of title IV of such Act is hereby re23 pealed.

24 (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—
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1 (1) Section 402(a)(9)(A) of such Act (42

2 U.S.C. 602(a)(9)(A)) is amended by striking ‘‘(in3 cluding activities under part F)’’.

4 (2) Section 402(a)(44)(A) of such Act (42

5 U.S.C. 602(a)(44)(A)) is amended by striking ‘‘,

6 part D, and part F’’ and inserting ‘‘and part D’’.

7 (3) Section 402(g)(1)(A)(i) of such Act (42

8 U.S.C. 602(g)(1)(A)(i)) is amended by striking ‘‘—

9 ’’ and all that follows and inserting ‘‘for each family

10 with a dependent child requiring such care, to the

11 extent that such care is determined by the State

12 agency to be necessary for an individual in the fam13 ily to accept employment or remain employed.’’.

14 (4) Section 402(g) of such Act (42 U.S.C.

15 602(g)) is amended by striking paragraph (2).

16 (5) Section 417 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 617) is

17 amended by striking ‘‘, part D, and part F’’ and in18 serting ‘‘and part D’’.

19 (6) Section 471(a)(8)(A) of such Act (42

20 U.S.C. 671(a)(8)(A)) is amended by striking ‘‘(in21 cluding activities under part F)’’.

22 (7) Section 1115(b)(2)(A) of such Act (42

23 U.S.C. 1315(b)(2)(A)) is amended by striking ‘‘, and

24 402(a)(19) (relating to the work incentive pro25 gram)’’.
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1 (8) Section 1108 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1308)

2 is amended—

3 (A) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘or, in

4 the case of part A of title IV, section 403(k)’’;

5 and

6 (B) in subsection (d), by striking ‘‘(exclu7 sive of any amounts on account of services and

8 items to which, in the case of part A of such

9 title, section 403(k) applies)’’.

10 (9) Section 1902(a)(10)(A)(i)(I) of such Act

11 (42 U.S.C. 1396a(a)(19)(A)(i)(I)) is amended by

12 striking ‘‘, or considered by the State to be receiving

13 such aid as authorized by section 482(e)(6)’’.

14 (10) Section 1928(a)(1) of such Act (42 U.S.C.

15 1396s(a)(1)) is amended by striking subparagraph

16 (D).

17 (11) Section 51(c)(2) of the Internal Revenue

18 Code of 1986 is amended by striking subparagraph

19 (B).

20 SEC. 107. ELIMINATION OF RULES THAT TREAT FAMILIES

21 DIFFERENTLY BASED ON NUMBER OF PAR22 ENTS IN THE HOME.

23 (a) IN GENERAL.—
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1 (1) Section 402(a) of the Social Security Act

2 (42 U.S.C. 602(a)) is amended by striking para3 graphs (41) and (42).

4 (2) Section 407 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 607) is

5 hereby repealed.

6 (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—

7 (1) Section 402(a)(38)(B) of such Act (42

8 U.S.C. 602(a)(38)(B)) is amended by striking ‘‘or in

9 section 407(a)’’.

10 (2) Section 406(a)(1) of such Act (42 U.S.C.

11 606(a)(1)) is amended by striking ‘‘who has been

12 deprived’’ and all that follows through ‘‘incapacity of

13 a parent’’.

14 (3) Section 406(b)(1) of such Act (42 U.S.C.

15 606(b)(1)) is amended by striking ‘‘and if such rel16 ative’’ and all that follows through ‘‘section 407’’.

17 (4) Section 472(a) of such Act (42 U.S.C.

18 672(a)) is amended by striking ‘‘or of section 407’’.

19 (5) Section 473(a)(2)(A)(i) of such Act (42

20 U.S.C. 672(a)(2)(A)(i)) is amended by striking ‘‘or

21 section 407’’.

22 (6) Section 1115(b) of such Act (42 U.S.C.

23 1315(b)) is amended by striking paragraph (5).

24 (7) Section 1115 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1315)

25 is amended by striking subsection (d).
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1 (8) Section 1902(a)(10)(A)(i) of such Act (42

2 U.S.C. 1396a(a)(10)(A)(i)) is amended by striking

3 subclause (V) and by redesignating subclauses (VI)

4 and (VII) as subclauses (V) and (VI), respectively.

5 (9) Section 1905 of such Act (42 U.S.C.

6 1396d) is amended by striking subsection (m).

7 (10) Section 1905(n)(1) of such Act (42 U.S.C.

8 1396d(n)(1)) is amended—

9 (A) in subparagraph (A)—

10 (i) by striking ‘‘(or’’ and all that fol11 lows through ‘‘407)’’; and

12 (ii) by adding ‘‘or’’ at the end; and

13 (B) by striking subparagraph (B).

14 TITLE II—HOUSING

15 AMENDMENTS

16 SEC. 201. TEMPORARY EXCLUSION OF EARNED INCOME

17 FOR PURPOSES OF DETERMINING RENT PAID

18 FOR UNITS IN FEDERALLY ASSISTED HOUS19 ING.

20 (a) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other provi21 sion of law, the amount of rent payable for a qualified

22 dwelling unit by a family (1) whose income increases as

23 a result of employment of a member of the family who

24 was previously unemployed, and (2) who was receiving aid

25 to families with dependent children under a State plan ap-
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1 proved under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act

2 immediately before such employment, may not be in3 creased because of the increased income due to such em4 ployment for the 24-month period beginning upon the

5 commencement of such employment.

6 (b) QUALIFIED DWELLING UNIT.—For purposes of

7 this section, the term ‘‘qualified dwelling unit’’ means a

8 dwelling unit—

9 (1) for which assistance is provided by the Sec10 retary of Housing and Urban Development in the

11 form of any grant, contract, loan, loan guarantee,

12 cooperative agreement, rental assistance payment,

13 interest subsidy, insurance, or direct appropriation,

14 or that is located in a project for which such assist15 ance is provided; and

16 (2) for which the amount of rent paid by the

17 occupying family is limited, restricted, or determined

18 under law or regulation based on the income of the

19 family.

20 TITLE III—FOOD STAMP

21 AMENDMENT

22 SEC. 301. CONTINUATION OF BENEFITS.

23 Section 5(c) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7

24 U.S.C. 2014(c)) is amended by adding at the end the fol25 lowing:
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1 ‘‘Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection,

2 in the case of a household that includes a member who

3 is employed and who in the then most recent 2-year period

4 participated fully in the job training and job search coun5 seling described in section 402(a)(47) of the Social Secu6 rity Act and provided under a State plan approved under

7 part A of title IV of such Act, all earned income shall

8 be excluded for purposes of determining eligibility under

9 such standards unless the aggregate income of such house10 hold exceeds the poverty line by more than 300 percent.’’.

11 SEC. 302. APPLICATION OF AMENDMENT.

12 The amendment made by section 301 shall not apply

13 with respect to certification periods beginning before the

14 date of the enactment of this Act.

15 TITLE IV—HEAD START

16 AMENDMENT

17 SEC. 401. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR FULL18 DAY AND FULL-YEAR SERVICES.

19 Section 639 of the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9834)

20 is amended by adding at the end the following:

21 ‘‘(d) There is authorized to be appropriated

22 $1,000,000,000 to provide Head Start services during the

23 full working day and the full calendar year.’’.
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1 TITLE V—EFFECTIVE DATE

2 SEC. 501. EFFECTIVE DATE.

3 This Act and the amendments made by this Act shall

4 take effect 1 year after the date of the enactment of this

5 Act.

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