U.S. Department of Commerce

Economics and Statistics Administration

By

Brittany M. 

Bond

Thanks to Rob 

Rubinovitz, 

Deputy Chief 

Economist and 

the economist 

staff in the 

Office of the 

Chief Economist 

as well as Jo 

Caldwell and 

staff of the 

Office of the 

Associate Under 

Secretary for 

Communications

The Geographic Concentration of Manufacturing 

Across the United States 

January

2013

Executive Summary

ESA 

Issue Brief 

#01-13

Manufacturing has been one of the major bright spots in the economic recovery of the last few 

years, contributing more than 25 percent of the overall growth in GDP between 2009 and 2011 and 

adding roughly 500,000 new jobs between the beginning of 2010 and the end of 2012. This trend 

is especially welcome as manufacturing jobs often provide higher wages and better benefits than 

non-manufacturing jobs.

However, the importance of manufacturing to the economy is not uniform across the U.S. as 

manufacturing industries are concentrated in certain locations. In this report, we examine countylevel data to assess the importance of manufacturing in local economies throughout the U.S. and 

find that, although almost all states include some counties where manufacturing accounts for a 

significant share of jobs and earnings, such counties are concentrated in the Midwest and the 

South, are more likely to be outside metropolitan areas, and are relatively small.

Specifically, we find:

In 2010, there were 629 counties, or roughly 20 percent of all U.S. counties, 

where earnings paid to manufacturing employees accounted for at least 20 percent of total earnings of all employees.

Indiana and Ohio had the most counties where manufacturing accounted for at 

least 20 percent of total earnings (50 and 48 counties, respectively), followed by 

Tennessee (42 counties), Wisconsin (40 counties), Georgia (36 counties), Iowa (36 

counties) and Kentucky (31 counties).

These counties are more likely to be located outside of metropolitan areas; about 

68 percent of counties with at least 20 percent of total earnings derived from 

manufacturing were located in rural or micropolitan areas.

There were 181 counties spread over 27 states where manufacturing jobs made 

up at least 20 percent of total employment. Indiana and Ohio had the largest 

number of such counties, at 26 and 16, respectively. Again, these counties are 

more likely to be located outside of metropolitan areas as roughly 80 percent are 

located in rural or micropolitan areas.
2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration

Manufacturing has been one of the major bright 

spots in the economic recovery over the past few 

years. In 2011, the sector made up 11.9 percent of 

U.S. gross domestic product (GDP), up from 11.3 

percent in 2009, and manufacturing accounted for 

more than 25 percent of the overall growth in GDP 

between 2009 and 2011. In addition, manufacturing accounts for 68 percent of all domestic investment on research and development (R&D) in the 

U.S and 60 percent of the country’s total exports.1 Employment growth in manufacturing during the recovery has been relatively strong, with 

roughly 500,000 new manufacturing jobs added 

between the beginning of 2010 and the end of 

2012. This trend is especially welcome, as manufacturing jobs provide higher wages and better 

benefits, on average, than non-manufacturing 

jobs .

2

Most of the country’s manufacturing is done in 

states that are big and populous and that boast a 

large share of overall commerce in the U.S. For 

example, California is the state with the largest 

manufacturing economy in an absolute sense, as it 

alone accounted for 13.4 percent of all compensation earned by manufacturing workers and 11 percent of all U.S. manufacturing jobs in 2010. But 

the overall size of the manufacturing industry in an 

area does not convey the importance of manufacturing to that area’s economy relative to other industries and sectors. Rather, the share of a local 

economy that is related to manufacturing is a more 

telling indicator of the importance of manufacturing to a local economy relative to its importance in 

other parts of the country.

As the table below shows, manufacturing accounted for about 10 percent of total earnings nationwide in 2010, but in five states (Indiana, Wisconsin, Michigan, Iowa and Ohio) manufacturing 

accounted for over 15 percent of each state’s total 

earnings and in another five states, manufacturing 

accounted for 14.5 to 15 percent of total earnings. 

Similarly, manufacturing workers accounted for 

around 7 percent of the total U.S. workforce in 

2010, but in five states manufacturing employment 

accounted for more than 10 percent of the workforce, and in five additional states manufacturing 

employment was between 9 and 10 percent of total employment.3

However, even within a state, manufacturing is not 

uniformly distributed, and in some local areas 

manufacturing might be more important than 

would be reflected in the state-level data. The 

most direct approach to estimating the economic 

significance of manufacturing is to examine the 

share of economic output attributable to manufacturing. However, although such data are available 

for metropolitan areas, they are not available at a 

county level.4 Therefore, to address the importance of manufacturing to the economies of both 

metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas, it is necessary to look at measures of economic activity 

such as employment and earnings that are availBackground and Data Description

Manufacturing Share of Total Earnings and

Employment, Top Ten States, 2010

Earnings Employment

Indiana 22.3% Indiana 13.1%

Wisconsin 20.2% Wisconsin 12.9%

Iowa 17.6% Iowa 10.6%

Michigan 16.8% Arkansas 10.6%

Ohio 16.0% Ohio 10.0%

Kansas 14.9% Michigan 9.9%

Alabama 14.8% Alabama 9.8%

Arkansas 14.6% Mississippi 9.4%

South Carolina 14.6% Kansas 9.2%

New Hampshire 14.5% Kentucky 9.2%

National Average 9.9% National Average 7.0%
U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration 3

able at the county level.

The principle data sets used here to address these 

questions are found in the Bureau of Economic 

Analysis’ (BEA’s) Regional Economic Information 

System (REIS), specifically the personal income and 

earnings by industry (BEA code: CA05N) series and 

the total full-time and part-time employment by 

industry (BEA code: CA25N) series for 2010, the 

latest year available at the county level.5 Earnings 

comprise wage and salary disbursements and supplements as well as proprietors’ income. Both 

earnings and employment are disaggregated at the 

county level according to place of work. Using 

these data, total earnings and total employment 

are calculated by county, as is earnings and employment for each of various industries, including 

manufacturing, allowing us to calculate the percentage of total earnings accounted for by manufacturing and the share of total employment accounted for by manufacturing. For the earnings 

series in 2010, the manufacturing data for 374 

counties were suppressed because of disclosure 

concerns; in the employment series in 2010, manufacturing data for 358 counties were suppressed. 

These counties are excluded from the analysis.6

The earnings data series used in this report is the 

same as that used in research published in 2004 by 

the Economic Research Service (ERS) at the US Department of Agriculture (USDA, but this report differs from the ERS report in several important ways. 

First, it updates the ERS’ results and provides a 

more recent picture of the state of U.S. manufacturing. Second, it includes employment shares as 

an alternative measure of the importance of manufacturing to a local area. Finally, in contrast to ERS’ 

focus on counties outside of metropolitan areas, 

this report examines the distribution between metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas.

This report also differs in the way it identifies the 

importance of manufacturing to a county. The ERS 

report defined “manufacturing-dependent counties” somewhat arbitrarily as those for which annual average earnings derived from manufacturing 

accounted for 25 percent or more of total county 

earnings.7In contrast, this report uses a manufacturing share of 20 percent as a benchmark; this 

benchmark is chosen as the cutoff as it is roughly 

one standard deviation above the average manufacturing share for the nation.

USING EARNINGS SHARES TO 

MEASURE THE IMPORTANCE OF 

MANUFACTURING 

In 2010, there were 629 counties, or roughly 20 

percent of all U.S. counties, where total earnings 
4 U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration

paid to manufacturing employees were at least 20 

percent of total earnings (including earnings from 

farm, proprietorship, and self-employment).8

In roughly one-third of those counties, earnings 

from manufacturing represented 30 percent or 

more of total earnings, and in 58 counties (about 2 

percent of all counties), earnings from manufacturing were 40 percent of the total. Although the 

counties in which manufacturing had the largest 

presence were spread throughout the country, 

they were concentrated in the Midwest and South. 

Indiana and Ohio had the most counties where 

manufacturing accounted for at least 20 percent of 

total earnings (50 and 48 counties, respectively), 

followed by Tennessee (42 counties), Wisconsin (40 

counties), Georgia (36 counties), Iowa (36 counties) 

and Kentucky (31 counties).

In addition to being concentrated in the Midwest 

and the South, these counties were largely found 

outside of metropolitan areas. The table below 

shows the breakdown of counties by both the percentage of earnings accounted for by manufacturing and the distribution between metropolitan areas (MSAs), micropolitan areas (μSAs)9 and “rural” 

areas ( areas outside of both metropolitan and micropolitan areas).9

 More than two thirds of counties where manufacturing accounted for more than 

20 percent of earnings were outside of metropolitan areas. For the country as a whole, 62 percent 

of all counties were outside metropolitan areas; 

thus, counties where manufacturing is a relatively 

significant share of the local economy were slightly 

more likely to be outside metropolitan areas.

Likewise, counties with a relatively high share of 

manufacturing earnings had lower populations on 

average. For example, the average U.S. county 

population was roughly 111,000 persons in 2010. In 

contrast, for the 629 counties where manufacturing 

represented more than 20 percent of earnings, the 

average population was roughly 58,000.

The manufacturing share of total employment in a 

county is another way to measure the importance 

of manufacturing to a local area’s economy. 

Share of Earnings Accounted for by Manufacturing by County, 2010

Using Employment Shares to Measure the Importance of Manufacturing 
U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration 5

Manufacturing Share of Total Earnings, by Statistical Area 

Classification (Rural, Micopolitan, Metropolitan), 2010

The last two years (2010 through 2012) represent the 

first extended period of U.S. job growth in the manufacturing sector since the late 1990s. Since its lowest employment level in January 2010, when manufacturing 

accounted for roughly 11.5 million jobs, the sector has 

rebounded, adding more jobs to the U.S. economy virtually every month. During this time, manufacturing 

employment rose by close to 4.0 percent, adding 

around 450,000 jobs to the manufacturing sector 

(through September 2012). This increase was largely 

shared across states.10

In 2010, 181 counties across 27 states11 had a manufacturing share of employment greater than 20 percent.12 Indiana and Ohio had the greatest number of 

such counties, with 26 and 16 counties respectively. 

As also reflected by earnings shares, these counties 

were more likely to be in non-metropolitan areas. In 

fact, 80 percent of the counties in which the manufacturing employment share was at least 20 percent were 

in non-metropolitan areas.

Share of Employment Accounted for by Manufacturing by County, 2010

Manufacturing 

Share Rural Micro Metro Total

Less than 10% 552 248 486 1,286

10-19.9% 276 214 346 836

20-29.9% 164 123 145 432

30-39.9% 50 47 42 139

More than 40% 25 17 16 58

Total 1,067 649 1,035 2,751
6 U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration

Local economies where the manufacturing sector 

accounts for a relatively significant share of earnings and employment are found throughout the 

U.S., though they are concentrated in the Midwest 

and the South. Many of the counties are small in 

terms of population, and most are located in nonmetropolitan areas (68 percent by the earnings 

measure; 79 percent by the employment measurement). These counties can be expected to benefit 

disproportionately from the success of the manufacturing sector. Of course, manufacturing is not 

isolated from the rest of the economy, and in 

places where a significant portion of economic activity is due to manufacturing, other types of businesses benefit. In other words, the presence of 

manufacturing in a community generates direct 

and indirect jobs and confers additional economic 

benefits that exceed the earnings and employment 

measures described above. As the economy continues to recover, the hope and expectation is that 

manufacturing will continue its rebound and contribute to the generation of more relatively high 

paying jobs.

Endnotes

1 National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics. 2011. Research and Development in Industry: 2006-07. Detailed Statistical Tables NSF 11-301. Arlington, VA. Available at 

www.nsf.gov/statistics/nsf11301/

2 D. Langdon and R. Lehrman, “The Benefits of Manufacturing Jobs,” U.S. Department of Commerce, ESA Issue 

Brief #01-12, May 2012, http://www.esa.doc.gov/sites/

default/files/reports/

documents/1thebenefitsofmanufacturingjobsfinal5912.pdf

3

The fact that the share of manufacturing earnings nationwide is higher than the share of employment is a 

sign that manufacturing jobs have above-average earnings, a characteristic supported by past research. See

Langdon and Lehrman (2012).

4

In 2010, there were 52 Metropolitan Statistical Areas 

where the contribution of manufacturing to total GDP 

was more than 25 percent.

5

Found at http://bea.gov/iTable/index_regional.cfm

6

Though these represent roughly 12 percent of all U.S. 

counties, they account for only around 1 percent of total 

earnings in the U.S. in 2010.

7

Economic Research Service. “Manufacturingdependent Counties, 1998-2000”. US Department of 

Agriculture. 2004. http://www.ers.usda.gov/Briefing/

Rurality/Typology/Methods/. ERS also determined 

whether counties relied on other forms of economic 

activity, such as farming, mining, government or services.

8Using 19.5 percent as the benchmark, rather than 20.0 

percent, would include 27 additional counties. 

9Metropolitan Statistical Areas have a population of at 

least 50,000 and are composed of the “central county or 

counties containing the core, plus adjacent outlying 

counties having a high degree of social and economic 

integration with the central county as measured through 

commuting.” (http://www.census.gov/geo/

www/2010census/gtc/gtc_cbsa.html). Micropolitan areas consist of at least 10,000 residents.

10 The total number of counties listed in the table, 2,751 

is smaller than the official county count of 3,141 counties and county equivalents, because it excludes those 

counties in which data was suppressed in the BEA 2010 

The author is a research economist in the Office of 

the Chief Economist of the U.S. Department of 

Commerce’s Economics and Statistics Administration.

Technical inquiries:

Office of the Chief Economist

(202) 482-3523

Media inquiries: 

Office of Communications

(202) 482-3331

U.S. Department of Commerce

Economics and Statistics Administration

1401 Constitution Ave., NW

Washington, DC 20230

www.esa.doc.gov

Conclusion
U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration 7

series. Only 12 states experienced any loss at all in 

manufacturing employment from January 2010 to August 2012 (the last month for which state data were 

available; July, August numbers are preliminary). Only 10 

states experienced a loss greater than 1 % of its manufacturing labor force. BLS Establishment Survey Table 

B-1 Employees on NonFarm Payrolls by Industry Subsectors and Selected Detail. Retrieved October 3, 2012.

11Using 19.5 percent as the benchmark would include 10 

additional counties.

12The standard deviation for the county manufacturing 

share of total employment was .162 in 2010.
8 U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration

Counties in the South where Manufacturing Accounted for More than 20 percent of earnings or 

employment, by Rural, Micropolitan, and Metropolitan Classification, 2010

Counties in the Midwest where Manufacturing Accounted for More than 20 percent of earnings or 

employment, by Rural, Micropolitan, and Metropolitan Classification, 2010

Appendix
U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration 9

County

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Earnings

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Employment

Metropolitan, Micropolitan, 

or Rural

Hancock, KY 73% 50% Metropolitan

Calhoun, AR 71% 56% Micropolitan

Roseau, MN 56% 38% Rural

St. James, LA 53% 26% Rural

Shelby, OH 52% 34% Micropolitan

Scott, KY 51% 28% Metropolitan

Kosciusko, IN 51% 32% Micropolitan

Carroll, KY 51% 28% Rural

Morris, TX 50% 29% Rural

Cameron, PA 50% 34% Rural

Little River, AR 50% 24% Rural

Box Elder, UT 49% 24% Micropolitan

Iowa, IA 48% 28% Rural

Gibson, IN 48% 29% Metropolitan

Gordon, GA 47% 30% Micropolitan

Murray, GA 47% 38% Metropolitan

Tioga, NY 47% 24% Metropolitan

Union, OH 47% 27% Metropolitan

Owen, IN 47% 26% Metropolitan

Calhoun, TX 47% 22% Metropolitan

Elk, PA 47% 32% Micropolitan

Noble, IN 46% 33% Micropolitan

Marion, IA 46% 28% Micropolitan

Pontotoc, MS 46% 40% Micropolitan

Sheboygan, WI 46% 26% Metropolitan

Choctaw, AL 46% 22% Rural

Posey, IN 46% 23% Metropolitan

Aleutians West, AK 45% 47% Rural

Marion, KY 45% 27% Rural

Iberville, LA 45% 21% Metropolitan

Scott, MS 44% 43% Rural

Howard, AR 44% 40% Rural

Whitley, IN 44% 30% Metropolitan

Bristol Bay, AK 43% 40% Rural

Williams, OH 43% 28% Rural

Elkhart, IN 43% 35% Metropolitan

Monroe, IA 43% 25% Rural

Hancock, IA 43% 30% Rural

List of All Counties with Manufacturing Share above 20 percent, 2010
10 U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration

County

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Earnings

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Employment

Metropolitan, Micropolitan, 

or Rural

DeKalb, IN 43% 28% Micropolitan

St. Joseph, MI 43% 29% Micropolitan

Trempealeau, WI 43% 32% Rural

Montgomery, IN 42% 24% Micropolitan

Price, WI 42% 26% Rural

Simpson, KY 41% 27% Rural

Chickasaw, MS 41% 34% Rural

Logan, OH 41% 22% Micropolitan

Saline, NE 41% 31% Rural

Muscatine, IA 41% 25% Micropolitan

Coosa, AL 40% 26% Micropolitan

Boone, IL 40% 21% Metropolitan

Auglaize, OH 40% 25% Micropolitan

Fountain, IN 40% 26% Rural

Decatur, IN 40% 28% Micropolitan

Ashley, AR 40% 24% Rural

Chattooga, GA 39% 28% Micropolitan

Bartholomew, IN 39% 27% Metropolitan

Sandusky, OH 39% 26% Micropolitan

Lowndes, AL 39% 23% Metropolitan

Lee, NC 39% 27% Micropolitan

Whitfield, GA 39% 30% Metropolitan

Jackson, MS 39% 24% Metropolitan

McDowell, NC 39% 28% Rural

Montgomery, KY 39% 25% Micropolitan

Perry, IN 38% 21% Rural

Logan, KY 38% 21% Rural

Newberry, SC 38% 28% Micropolitan

Marinette, WI 38% 22% Micropolitan

McLeod, MN 38% 24% Micropolitan

Hart, KY 38% 25% Rural

Dakota, NE 38% 34% Metropolitan

Allegan, MI 38% 20% Micropolitan

Clinton, IN 38% 26% Micropolitan

Monroe, TN 38% 23% Rural

Fulton, PA 37% 22% Rural

Clinton, KY 37% 31% Rural

Clinch, GA 37% 24% Rural

Unicoi, TN 37% 24% Metropolitan

Obion, TN 37% 21% Micropolitan
U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration 11

County

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Earnings

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Employment

Metropolitan, Micropolitan, 

or Rural

Bladen, NC 36% 32% Rural

Hancock, WV 36% 22% Metropolitan

Fulton, OH 36% 25% Metropolitan

Marlboro, SC 36% 26% Micropolitan

Arkansas, AR 36% 26% Rural

Cherokee, SC 36% 24% Micropolitan

Dubois, IN 36% 32% Micropolitan

Talladega, AL 35% 23% Micropolitan

Wyoming, PA 35% 20% Metropolitan

Adams, IN 35% 21% Micropolitan

Pike, OH 35% 22% Rural

Louisa, IA 35% 26% Micropolitan

Saluda, SC 35% 31% Metropolitan

Clay, AL 35% 26% Rural

Perry, MO 34% 25% Rural

Ottawa, MI 34% 23% Metropolitan

McDonald, MO 34% 27% Metropolitan

Scott, AR 34% 26% Rural

Cass, IL 34% 29% Rural

Chesterfield, SC 34% 22% Rural

Greene, AR 34% 24% Micropolitan

Evans, GA 34% 30% Rural

Laclede, MO 34% 22% Micropolitan

Winnebago, WI 33% 23% Metropolitan

Schley, GA 33% 24% Micropolitan

Bedford, TN 33% 24% Micropolitan

Tishomingo, MS 33% 24% Rural

Hawkins, TN 33% 20% Metropolitan

Alexander, NC 33% 25% Metropolitan

Marshall, IA 33% 23% Micropolitan

Holmes, OH 33% 27% Rural

Power, ID 33% 25% Metropolitan

Wayne, OH 33% 20% Micropolitan

Randolph, IN 33% 21% Rural

Marquette, WI 33% 21% Rural

Walker, GA 32% 22% Metropolitan

Franklin, AL 32% 29% Rural

Randolph, NC 32% 25% Metropolitan

Mississippi, AR 32% 23% Micropolitan

Douglas, IL 32% 28% Rural
12 U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration

County

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Earnings

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Employment

Metropolitan, Micropolitan, 

or Rural

Platte, NE 32% 23% Micropolitan

Scott, IN 32% 20% Micropolitan

Fremont, IA 32% 23% Rural

Ford, KS 32% 29% Micropolitan

Jay, IN 32% 26% Rural

Lagrange, IN 32% 28% Rural

Henry, OH 31% 20% Rural

Blackford, IN 31% 20% Rural

Huntington, IN 31% 20% Micropolitan

Wyandot, OH 31% 23% Rural

Smyth, VA 31% 21% Rural

Marshall, IN 31% 24% Micropolitan

Steele, MN 31% 20% Micropolitan

Steuben, IN 31% 21% Micropolitan

Titus, TX 31% 30% Micropolitan

Barbour, AL 30% 25% Micropolitan

Polk, GA 30% 21% Micropolitan

Jackson, IN 30% 22% Micropolitan

Montgomery, NC 30% 25% Rural

Wilson, KS 30% 21% Rural

Marion, AL 30% 24% Rural

Van Wert, OH 30% 21% Micropolitan

Waseca, MN 30% 21% Rural

Rhea, TN 30% 24% Rural

Carroll, AR 29% 24% Rural

Hamblen, TN 29% 21% Metropolitan

Marion, GA 29% 24% Metropolitan

Allen, KS 29% 21% Rural

Dawson, NE 29% 25% Micropolitan

Manitowoc, WI 29% 23% Micropolitan

Mercer, OH 29% 21% Micropolitan

Jackson, AL 29% 22% Micropolitan

Marshall, AL 29% 24% Micropolitan

Barry, MO 29% 24% Rural

Tippah, MS 28% 20% Rural

Jackson, OH 28% 23% Rural

Ohio, KY 28% 24% Rural

Johnson, AR 28% 25% Rural

Juniata, PA 28% 22% Rural

Dodge, WI 28% 20% Micropolitan
U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration 13

County

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Earnings

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Employment

Metropolitan, Micropolitan, 

or Rural

Catawba, NC 28% 23% Metropolitan

Huron, OH 28% 21% Micropolitan

Marion, AR 28% 21% Rural

Winston, AL 28% 25% Rural

Yell, AR 28% 25% Micropolitan

Cass, IN 27% 22% Micropolitan

Elbert, GA 27% 24% Rural

Sioux, IA 27% 21% Rural

Mitchell, GA 27% 28% Rural

Newport News, VA 27% 21% Metropolitan

Ida, IA 26% 22% Rural

Crawford, IA 26% 23% Rural

Patrick, VA 26% 21% Rural

Warren, IL 26% 21% Micropolitan

Nicollet, MN 26% 22% Metropolitan

Dooly, GA 26% 23% Rural

Buena Vista, IA 24% 22% Micropolitan

Smith, MS 24% 22% Rural

Randolph, IL 23% 22% Rural

DeKalb, AL 22% 20% Micropolitan

Bertie, NC 22% 25% Rural

Duplin, NC 21% 22% Rural

Tazewell, IL 44% 19% Metropolitan

Tyler, WV 43% 17% Rural

Crawford, IL 43% 19% Rural

Howard, IN 43% 19% Metropolitan

Moore, TN 41% 18% Micropolitan

Mercer, KY 41% 18% Rural

Hunt, TX 38% 19% Metropolitan

Marshall, KY 38% 16% Rural

Monroe, OH 38% 16% Rural

McNairy, TN 38% 16% Rural

Perry, MS 37% 15% Metropolitan

Preble, OH 35% 20% Metropolitan

King William, VA 35% 14% Metropolitan

Mineral, WV 35% 18% Metropolitan

Russell, KY 35% 19% Rural

Morgan, OH 35% 10% Rural

Racine, WI 34% 19% Metropolitan

Humphreys, TN 34% 15% Rural
14 U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration

County

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Earnings

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Employment

Metropolitan, Micropolitan, 

or Rural

Calhoun, SC 34% 15% Metropolitan

Pulaski, VA 34% 18% Metropolitan

Metcalfe, KY 34% 16% Micropolitan

Jefferson, WI 34% 18% Micropolitan

McPherson, KS 34% 18% Micropolitan

McMinn, TN 33% 18% Micropolitan

Champaign, OH 33% 17% Micropolitan

Brooke, WV 33% 18% Metropolitan

Bland, VA 33% 17% Rural

Washington, AL 33% 16% Rural

Union, TN 33% 15% Metropolitan

Defiance, OH 33% 17% Micropolitan

Marshall, TN 33% 19% Micropolitan

Orange, TX 32% 15% Metropolitan

Marshall, IL 32% 18% Metropolitan

Meigs, TN 32% 14% Rural

Clay, IL 32% 20% Rural

Fayette, TN 32% 9% Metropolitan

Lee, IA 32% 20% Micropolitan

Waupaca, WI 32% 19% Rural

Lawrence, MS 32% 15% Rural

Wilcox, AL 32% 13% Rural

Fulton, IN 32% 18% Rural

Todd, KY 32% 8% Rural

Grainger, TN 31% 14% Metropolitan

Darlington, SC 31% 15% Metropolitan

St. Charles, LA 31% 15% Metropolitan

Columbia, WI 31% 16% Metropolitan

Dodge, MN 31% 13% Metropolitan

Knox, OH 31% 16% Micropolitan

St. John the Baptist, LA 31% 13% Metropolitan

Chippewa, WI 31% 16% Metropolitan

Chester, SC 31% 18% Micropolitan

Miami, OH 31% 18% Metropolitan

Lawrence, AL 31% 11% Metropolitan

Ralls, MO 30% 20% Micropolitan

Harrison, KY 30% 14% Rural

Giles, VA 30% 15% Metropolitan

Newton, GA 30% 17% Metropolitan

Wilson, NC 30% 18% Micropolitan
U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration 15

County

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Earnings

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Employment

Metropolitan, Micropolitan, 

or Rural

Richland, WI 30% 16% Rural

Laurens, SC 30% 19% Metropolitan

Rockingham, NC 30% 17% Metropolitan

Troup, GA 30% 19% Micropolitan

Berrien, MI 30% 15% Metropolitan

Austin, TX 30% 17% Metropolitan

White, TN 29% 18% Rural

Rusk, WI 29% 19% Rural

Washington, WI 29% 19% Metropolitan

Adair, OK 29% 18% Rural

Snohomish, WA 29% 17% Metropolitan

Taylor, FL 29% 18% Rural

Charlevoix, MI 29% 15% Rural

Henderson, TN 29% 18% Rural

Macon, GA 29% 18% Rural

Morgan, AL 29% 18% Metropolitan

Seneca, NY 29% 13% Micropolitan

Shelby, IN 29% 19% Metropolitan

Koochiching, MN 29% 15% Rural

Jackson, AR 29% 11% Rural

Trumbull, OH 29% 14% Metropolitan

Monroe, AL 29% 13% Rural

Des Moines, IA 29% 16% Micropolitan

Delaware, NY 29% 14% Rural

Fond du Lac, WI 29% 16% Metropolitan

Effingham, GA 29% 12% Metropolitan

Hillsdale, MI 29% 16% Rural

Montgomery, KS 29% 15% Micropolitan

Sandoval, NM 29% 11% Metropolitan

Lincoln, WI 29% 18% Micropolitan

Calumet, WI 28% 16% Metropolitan

Nelson, KY 28% 19% Metropolitan

Gasconade, MO 28% 16% Rural

Shelby, KY 28% 16% Metropolitan

Lake, OH 28% 16% Metropolitan

Van Buren, IA 28% 18% Rural

Cherokee, KS 28% 15% Rural

Venango, PA 28% 17% Micropolitan

Jackson, MN 28% 17% Rural

Carver, MN 28% 16% Metropolitan
16 U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration

County

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Earnings

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Employment

Metropolitan, Micropolitan, 

or Rural

Lincoln, TN 28% 17% Rural

Runnels, TX 28% 13% Rural

Clinton, IA 28% 16% Micropolitan

Winona, MN 28% 18% Micropolitan

Natchitoches, LA 28% 11% Micropolitan

Warren, TN 28% 18% Micropolitan

Atkinson, GA 28% 20% Micropolitan

Itawamba, MS 28% 14% Micropolitan

Columbia, AR 28% 17% Micropolitan

Ballard, KY 28% 14% Micropolitan

Brookings, SD 28% 18% Micropolitan

Grenada, MS 28% 19% Micropolitan

Warren, MO 28% 13% Metropolitan

Martin, NC 27% 15% Rural

Monroe, MS 27% 17% Rural

Chambers, TX 27% 14% Metropolitan

New Madrid, MO 27% 18% Rural

Wabash, IN 27% 16% Micropolitan

Jackson, GA 27% 19% Rural

Todd, MN 27% 15% Rural

Allendale, SC 27% 19% Rural

Carroll, IN 27% 19% Metropolitan

Ritchie, WV 27% 17% Rural

Haralson, GA 27% 17% Metropolitan

Wapello, IA 27% 19% Micropolitan

Anderson, KY 27% 12% Micropolitan

Moultrie, IL 27% 14% Rural

Marion, OH 27% 19% Micropolitan

Granville, NC 27% 19% Rural

Habersham, GA 27% 18% Micropolitan

Wabasha, MN 27% 18% Metropolitan

Gaston, NC 27% 12% Metropolitan

Ste. Genevieve, MO 27% 19% Rural

Wood, OH 27% 15% Metropolitan

Pulaski, IN 27% 19% Rural

Sedgwick, KS 27% 16% Metropolitan

Grimes, TX 27% 15% Rural

Barnwell, SC 27% 18% Rural

Mifflin, PA 27% 19% Micropolitan

Russell, AL 27% 15% Metropolitan
U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration 17

County

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Earnings

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Employment

Metropolitan, Micropolitan, 

or Rural

Hancock, OH 27% 19% Micropolitan

Washington, OR 27% 15% Metropolitan

Durham, NC 27% 13% Metropolitan

Midland, MI 27% 13% Micropolitan

Lincoln, NC 27% 18% Micropolitan

Abbeville, SC 27% 16% Rural

Paulding, OH 27% 17% Rural

Macon, IL 26% 17% Metropolitan

Black Hawk, IA 26% 16% Metropolitan

Santa Clara, CA 26% 14% Metropolitan

Putnam, IL 26% 16% Micropolitan

Chickasaw, IA 26% 15% Rural

St. Bernard, LA 26% 8% Metropolitan

Macomb, MI 26% 15% Metropolitan

Sullivan, TN 26% 13% Metropolitan

Stoddard, MO 26% 19% Rural

Nash, NC 26% 14% Metropolitan

Bourbon, KY 26% 14% Metropolitan

Le Sueur, MN 26% 16% Rural

Anderson, TN 26% 18% Metropolitan

Ellis, TX 26% 15% Metropolitan

McDuffie, GA 26% 18% Metropolitan

Putnam, OH 26% 17% Rural

Marshall, OK 26% 17% Rural

Anoka, MN 26% 13% Metropolitan

Dallas, AL 26% 16% Micropolitan

Ashtabula, OH 26% 15% Micropolitan

Benton, MN 26% 15% Metropolitan

Woodford, KY 26% 13% Metropolitan

Yalobusha, MS 26% 19% Rural

Osage, MO 26% 15% Metropolitan

Union, IA 26% 19% Rural

Lamar, AL 26% 15% Rural

Pettis, MO 26% 16% Micropolitan

Jefferson, PA 26% 17% Rural

Giles, TN 25% 15% Rural

Ozaukee, WI 25% 16% Metropolitan

Bartow, GA 25% 15% Metropolitan

Crawford, OH 25% 19% Micropolitan

Peach, GA 25% 16% Micropolitan
18 U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration

County

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Earnings

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Employment

Metropolitan, Micropolitan, 

or Rural

Lenawee, MI 25% 13% Micropolitan

Barren, KY 25% 15% Micropolitan

Wexford, MI 25% 17% Micropolitan

Geauga, OH 25% 15% Metropolitan

Burnett, WI 25% 11% Rural

Atchison, KS 25% 15% Micropolitan

Howard, IA 25% 19% Rural

Copiah, MS 25% 17% Metropolitan

Polk, WI 25% 17% Rural

Marengo, AL 25% 16% Rural

DeKalb, TN 25% 19% Rural

Clinton, PA 25% 17% Micropolitan

Lamar, TX 25% 15% Micropolitan

Lorain, OH 25% 13% Metropolitan

Stephenson, IL 25% 15% Micropolitan

Mayes, OK 25% 14% Rural

Casey, KY 25% 15% Rural

Jackson, WV 25% 11% Rural

Rutherford, TN 25% 14% Metropolitan

Edgar, IL 25% 18% Rural

Warren, NJ 25% 12% Metropolitan

Oconee, SC 25% 17% Micropolitan

Barron, WI 25% 18% Rural

Spartanburg, SC 25% 16% Metropolitan

Menominee, MI 25% 16% Micropolitan

Emanuel, GA 25% 18% Rural

Coshocton, OH 25% 16% Micropolitan

Beaufort, NC 25% 14% Micropolitan

Warrick, IN 25% 12% Metropolitan

Dale, AL 25% 20% Micropolitan

Prentiss, MS 25% 19% Rural

Butler, KY 25% 13% Rural

Franklin, MO 25% 17% Metropolitan

Grant, IN 25% 12% Micropolitan

Osceola, MI 25% 19% Rural

Washington, IN 25% 16% Metropolitan

Jefferson, TN 25% 12% Metropolitan

Steuben, NY 25% 12% Micropolitan

Muskegon, MI 25% 14% Metropolitan

Walworth, WI 25% 15% Micropolitan
U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration 19

County

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Earnings

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Employment

Metropolitan, Micropolitan, 

or Rural

Greensville + Emporia, VA 25% 19% Rural

Crockett, TN 25% 18% Rural

Sullivan, NH 24% 16% Micropolitan

Warren, GA 24% 16% Rural

Smith, TN 24% 14% Metropolitan

Somerset, ME 24% 14% Rural

Wayne, IA 24% 14% Rural

Marathon, WI 24% 18% Metropolitan

Clark, IL 24% 14% Rural

Taylor, WI 24% 18% Rural

Henderson, KY 24% 20% Metropolitan

Shenandoah, VA 24% 17% Rural

Crawford, PA 24% 16% Micropolitan

Jackson, LA 24% 10% Micropolitan

Vermillion, IN 24% 12% Metropolitan

Assumption, LA 24% 15% Micropolitan

Humboldt, IA 24% 15% Rural

Burke, NC 24% 17% Metropolitan

Green, WI 24% 13% Micropolitan

Tuscarawas, OH 24% 16% Micropolitan

Anderson, SC 24% 14% Metropolitan

Juneau, WI 24% 16% Rural

Buchanan, MO 24% 16% Metropolitan

Clarke, AL 24% 13% Rural

Marion, TN 24% 14% Metropolitan

Allen, OH 24% 13% Metropolitan

Cache, UT 24% 16% Metropolitan

Cowley, KS 24% 17% Micropolitan

Ascension, LA 24% 7% Metropolitan

Waller, TX 24% 15% Metropolitan

Greenwood, SC 24% 15% Micropolitan

Washington, IL 24% 15% Rural

Caldwell, NC 24% 16% Metropolitan

Hardeman, TN 24% 17% Rural

Clarke, IA 24% 15% Rural

Floyd, IA 24% 12% Rural

Brown, MN 24% 16% Micropolitan

Williamsburg, SC 24% 18% Rural

Dyer, TN 23% 18% Micropolitan

Jefferson, IN 23% 17% Micropolitan
20 U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration

County

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Earnings

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Employment

Metropolitan, Micropolitan, 

or Rural

Van Buren, TN 23% 10% Rural

Floyd, IN 23% 13% Metropolitan

Madison, AR 23% 17% Metropolitan

Darke, OH 23% 15% Micropolitan

Chenango, NY 23% 15% Rural

Delaware, IA 23% 13% Rural

Jennings, IN 23% 17% Micropolitan

Wythe, VA 23% 14% Rural

Clay, IN 23% 17% Metropolitan

Chautauqua, NY 23% 15% Micropolitan

Audrain, MO 23% 15% Micropolitan

Hoke, NC 23% 17% Metropolitan

Miller, AR 23% 12% Metropolitan

Hart, GA 23% 12% Rural

Brazoria, TX 23% 9% Metropolitan

Barry, MI 23% 12% Metropolitan

Kewaunee, WI 23% 19% Metropolitan

Kendall, IL 23% 11% Metropolitan

Grant, SD 23% 11% Rural

Kossuth, IA 23% 10% Rural

Alcorn, MS 23% 15% Micropolitan

Labette, KS 23% 15% Micropolitan

Caldwell, KY 23% 13% Rural

Porter, IN 23% 12% Metropolitan

Bradley, TN 23% 16% Metropolitan

Spencer, IN 23% 12% Rural

Delta, MI 23% 13% Micropolitan

Portage, OH 23% 13% Metropolitan

Dallas, AR 23% 15% Rural

Wayne, KY 23% 18% Rural

Mason, KY 23% 13% Micropolitan

Linn, OR 23% 14% Micropolitan

Calhoun, MI 23% 16% Metropolitan

McKean, PA 23% 14% Micropolitan

Cocke, TN 23% 13% Micropolitan

Johnson, TN 23% 10% Rural

Ben Hill, GA 23% 16% Micropolitan

Hardin, TN 23% 13% Rural

Guernsey, OH 23% 14% Micropolitan

Nobles, MN 23% 20% Micropolitan
U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration 21

County

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Earnings

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Employment

Metropolitan, Micropolitan, 

or Rural

Turner, SD 23% 5% Metropolitan

Winnebago, IL 23% 14% Metropolitan

Whiteside, IL 23% 14% Micropolitan

Clark, KY 23% 13% Metropolitan

Haywood, TN 22% 19% Micropolitan

Clark, WI 22% 16% Rural

St. Croix, WI 22% 13% Metropolitan

Linn, IA 22% 13% Metropolitan

White, IN 22% 17% Rural

Vermilion, IL 22% 13% Metropolitan

Cecil, MD 22% 11% Metropolitan

Henry, IA 22% 14% Rural

Franklin, NC 22% 10% Metropolitan

Wayne, NY 22% 16% Metropolitan

Schuylkill, PA 22% 16% Micropolitan

Lauderdale, TN 22% 15% Rural

Clark, AR 22% 15% Micropolitan

Rogers, OK 22% 12% Metropolitan

Brown, TX 22% 13% Micropolitan

Jefferson, GA 22% 14% Rural

Washington, OH 22% 11% Metropolitan

San Benito, CA 22% 14% Metropolitan

Hardin, OH 22% 15% Rural

Yamhill, OR 22% 13% Metropolitan

Piscataquis, ME 22% 14% Rural

Yadkin, NC 22% 15% Metropolitan

Screven, GA 22% 15% Rural

York, PA 22% 15% Metropolitan

Florence, WI 22% 12% Micropolitan

Alger, MI 22% 12% Rural

Oxford, ME 22% 11% Rural

Seneca, OH 22% 14% Micropolitan

Ionia, MI 22% 13% Metropolitan

Wells, IN 22% 16% Metropolitan

Escambia, AL 22% 13% Rural

Doniphan, KS 22% 12% Metropolitan

Marshall, WV 22% 7% Metropolitan

Richland, OH 22% 14% Metropolitan

Lyon, KS 22% 16% Micropolitan

Crawford, WI 22% 13% Rural
22 U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration

County

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Earnings

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Employment

Metropolitan, Micropolitan, 

or Rural

Yankton, SD 22% 18% Micropolitan

Hall, NE 22% 16% Micropolitan

Pittsylvania + Danville, VA 22% 13% Rural

Okeechobee, FL 22% 3% Micropolitan

Lee, MS 22% 17% Micropolitan

Upson, GA 22% 14% Micropolitan

Dillon, SC 22% 16% Micropolitan

Nodaway, MO 22% 13% Micropolitan

Gilmer, GA 22% 15% Rural

Harper, KS 22% 10% Rural

Banks, GA 22% 12% Rural

Tippecanoe, IN 22% 12% Metropolitan

Pottawatomie, KS 22% 13% Metropolitan

Outagamie, WI 22% 15% Metropolitan

Nemaha, KS 22% 14% Rural

Vinton, OH 22% 14% Rural

Bradford, PA 22% 15% Micropolitan

Jasper, MS 22% 20% Micropolitan

Henry + Martinsville, VA 22% 16% Rural

Sebastian, AR 22% 17% Metropolitan

Mahaska, IA 21% 11% Micropolitan

West Baton Rouge, LA 21% 12% Metropolitan

Kershaw, SC 21% 12% Metropolitan

Bremer, IA 21% 12% Metropolitan

Cass, TX 21% 11% Rural

Union, MS 21% 18% Rural

Jasper, TX 21% 8% Rural

Kalamazoo, MI 21% 12% Metropolitan

Jefferson, TX 21% 10% Metropolitan

Union, SC 21% 13% Micropolitan

Dickinson, IA 21% 14% Micropolitan

Kent, MI 21% 14% Metropolitan

Davidson, NC 21% 13% Micropolitan

Crenshaw, AL 21% 17% Rural

Amherst, VA 21% 11% Metropolitan

Hitchcock, NE 21% 11% Rural

Cottonwood, MN 21% 19% Rural

Lapeer, MI 21% 14% Metropolitan

Dodge, NE 21% 15% Micropolitan

Jasper, MO 21% 14% Metropolitan
U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration 23

County

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Earnings

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Employment

Metropolitan, Micropolitan, 

or Rural

Loudon, TN 21% 15% Metropolitan

Clarion, PA 21% 8% Rural

Mercer, PA 21% 13% Metropolitan

Richland, ND 21% 16% Micropolitan

Langlade, WI 21% 15% Rural

Chippewa, MN 21% 13% Rural

Creek, OK 21% 11% Metropolitan

Gibson, TN 21% 14% Micropolitan

Jefferson, IL 21% 13% Micropolitan

Desha, AR 21% 13% Rural

Grayson, VA 21% 10% Rural

LaPorte, IN 21% 14% Metropolitan

Cleveland, NC 21% 12% Micropolitan

Scott, TN 21% 16% Rural

Clinton, OH 21% 14% Micropolitan

Vernon, MO 21% 10% Rural

Snyder, PA 21% 16% Micropolitan

Cherokee, IA 21% 14% Rural

Door, WI 21% 10% Rural

Cowlitz, WA 21% 14% Metropolitan

Sauk, WI 21% 13% Micropolitan

Waukesha, WI 21% 15% Metropolitan

Grayson, KY 21% 13% Rural

Orangeburg, SC 21% 14% Micropolitan

Palo Pinto, TX 21% 10% Micropolitan

Broomfield, CO 21% 12% Metropolitan

Lake, SD 21% 10% Rural

Stone, MS 21% 10% Metropolitan

Stephens, GA 21% 16% Micropolitan

Erie, OH 21% 12% Metropolitan

Fayette, AL 21% 13% Rural

Guadalupe, TX 21% 13% Metropolitan

Northumberland, VA 21% 12% Rural

Herkimer, NY 21% 11% Metropolitan

Codington, SD 21% 13% Micropolitan

Erie, PA 21% 13% Metropolitan

Lycoming, PA 21% 14% Metropolitan

Wakulla, FL 21% 8% Metropolitan

Lake, IN 21% 10% Metropolitan

Lake, IL 21% 11% Metropolitan
24 U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration

County

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Earnings

Manufacturing 

Share of Total 

Employment

Metropolitan, Micropolitan, 

or Rural

Union, NC 21% 14% Metropolitan

Hubbard, MN 21% 10% Rural

Wayne, GA 21% 10% Micropolitan

Calhoun, MS 20% 14% Rural

Winnebago, IA 20% 14% Rural

Ottawa, OH 20% 12% Metropolitan

Lawrence, IN 20% 10% Micropolitan

Lowndes, MS 20% 11% Micropolitan

Dorchester, SC 20% 10% Metropolitan

Tipton, IN 20% 14% Metropolitan

Oconto, WI 20% 15% Metropolitan

Claiborne, TN 20% 16% Rural

Washington, NY 20% 13% Metropolitan

Juab, UT 20% 14% Metropolitan

Sabine, LA 20% 12% Rural

Iron, WI 20% 9% Rural

Dickinson, MI 20% 13% Micropolitan

Dixie, FL 20% 11% Rural

Texas, OK 20% 19% Micropolitan

Harvey, KS 20% 13% Metropolitan

Marshall, KS 20% 14% Rural

McCurtain, OK 20% 13% Rural

Adams, IA 20% 5% Rural

Hutchinson, TX 20% 10% Micropolitan

Phillips, KS 20% 7% Rural

Rush, IN 20% 14% Rural

Jeff Davis, GA 20% 18% Rural

Callahan, TX 20% 3% Metropolitan

Accomack, VA 20% 19% Rural

Hamilton, IA 20% 18% Rural

Benewah, ID 20% 11% Rural

Watonwan, MN 19% 20% Rural