**2022 Lifecycle GHG Emissions (tonnes)**

**International Livestock Emissions Source**  **CH4 N2O**  **CO2 CO2-eq.**  Livestock Changes - Canada & United States 730 (1) 15,133 Livestock Changes - Western Europe (146) (2) (3,796) Livestock Changes - Eastern Europe (498) (11) (13,874) Livestock Changes - Oceania 26 (0) 415 Livestock Changes - Latin America (1,991) (44) (55,351) Livestock Changes - Asia 737 25 23,317 Livestock Changes - Africa and Middle East 354 19 13,232 Livestock Changes - Indian Subcontinent 124 1 2,955 **Total** (664) (13)

- (17,968)**Livestock Changes from FAPRI-CARD model**

Canada & United States (thousand head) Dairy 4.9 Beef -7.5 Swine 6.8 Sheep 0.0 Poultry 15.3

Western Europe Dairy -0.6 Beef 2.3 Swine -10.8 Sheep -4.0 Poultry 284.3

Eastern Europe Dairy 0.0 Beef -6.0 Swine -6.9 Sheep 0.0 Poultry -696.1

Oceania Dairy 0.1 Beef -0.1 Swine 1.6 Sheep -0.2 Poultry -264.6

Latin America Dairy 2.6 Beef -38.0 Swine 3.0 Sheep 0.0 Poultry -0.9

Asia Dairy 2.6 Beef 5.4 Swine -1.7 Sheep 54.8 Poultry -111.0

Africa and Middle East Dairy 0.1 Beef 10.2 Swine 7.2 Sheep 0.0 Poultry 106.1

IndiaDairy 0.0

Beef 4.2 Swine 0.5 Sheep 0.0 Poultry -91.8

**Livestock Emission Factors**

Enteric Fermentation (kg CH4/head - year) Dairy Cattle North America 121 53 Western Europe 109 57 Eastern Europe 89 58 Oceania 81 60 Latin America 63 56 Asia 61 47 Africa and Middle East 40 31 Indian Subcontinent 51 27
Manure Management (kg CH4/head - year) Dairy Cattle North America 78 2 Western Europe 51 15 Eastern Europe 27 13 Oceania 29 2 Latin America 1 1 Asia 18 1 Africa and Middle East 1.5 1 Indian Subcontinent 5 2
TAM (kg / head) Dairy Cattle North America 604 389 Western Europe 600 420 Eastern Europe 550 391 Oceania 500 330 Latin America 400 305 Asia 350 319 Africa and Middle East 275 173 Indian Subcontinent 275 110
N Rate (kg N / (1000 kg animal mass) - day) Dairy Cattle North America 0.44 0.31 Western Europe 0.48 0.33 Eastern Europe 0.35 0.35 Oceania 0.44 0.5 Latin America 0.48 0.36 Asia 0.47 0.34 Africa and Middle East 0.65 0.71 Indian Subcontinent 0.47 0.34
Nex (kg N / animal - year) Dairy Cattle North America 97.0024 44.01535 Western Europe 105.12 50.589 Eastern Europe 70.2625 49.95025Oceania 80.3 60.225

Latin America 70.08 40.077 Asia 60.0425 39.5879 Africa and Middle East 65.24375 44.83295 Indian Subcontinent 47.17625 13.651

MS% Dairy Lagoon Liquid/Slurry Solid Storage North America 15.0% 27.0% 26.3% Western Europe 0.0% 35.7% 36.8% Eastern Europe 0.0% 17.5% 60.0% Oceania 16.0% 1.0% 0.0% Latin America 0.0% 1.0% 1.0% Asia 4.0% 38.0% 0.0% Africa and Middle East 0.0% 0.5% 1.5% Indian Subcontinent 0.0% 1.0% 0.0%

EF3 0 0.005 0.005 EF4 0.0035 0.004 0.003

MS% Cattle Lagoon Liquid/Slurry Solid Storage North America 0.0% 0.2% 0.0% Western Europe 0.0% 25.2% 39.0% Eastern Europe 0.0% 22.5% 44.0% Oceania 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Latin America 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Asia 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Africa and Middle East 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Indian Subcontinent 0.0% 1.0% 0.0%

EF3 0 0.005 0.005 EF4 0.0035 0.004 0.0045

MS% Swine Lagoon Liquid/Slurry Solid Storage North America 32.8% 18.5% 4.2% Western Europe 8.7% 0.0% 13.7% Eastern Europe 3.0% 0.0% 42.0% Oceania 54.0% 0.0% 3.0% Latin America 0.0% 8.0% 10.0% Asia 0.0% 40.0% 0.0% Africa and Middle East 0.0% 10.0% 3.0% Indian Subcontinent 9.0% 22.0% 16.0%

EF3 0 0.005 0.005 EF4 0.004 0.0048 0.0045
Weighted EF3 (kg N2O-n / kg N) Dairy Cattle North America 0.008765 0.01999 Western Europe 0.009075 0.01017 Eastern Europe 0.008175 0.008675 Oceania 0.01685 0.02 Latin America 0.0197 0.0199 Asia 0.0124 0.0198Africa and Middle East 0.01845 0.019

Indian Subcontinent 0.01435 0.01455
Weighted EF4 (kg N2O-n / kg N) Dairy Cattle North America 0.0025984 0.0011305 Western Europe 0.002721 0.0029996 Eastern Europe 0.0026435 0.00302 Oceania 0.001188 0.000907 Latin America 0.000756 0.000693 Asia 0.002003 0.001744 Africa and Middle East 0.00066 0.0006495 Indian Subcontinent 0.000362 0.000454
EF5 (kg N2O-n / kg N) Dairy Cattle North America 0.00075 0.00075 Western Europe 0.00075 0.00075 Eastern Europe 0.00075 0.00075 Oceania 0.00075 0.00075 Latin America 0.00075 0.00075 Asia 0.00075 0.00075 Africa and Middle East 0.00075 0.00075 Indian Subcontinent 0.00075 0.00075Swine Sheep 1.5 8 1.5 8 1.5 8 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5

Swine Sheep Poultry

23.5 0.28 0.02 15.5 0.28 0.02 6.5 0.28 0.02 18 0.15 0.02 1 0.15 0.02 4 0.15 0.02 2 0.15 0.02 4 0.15 0.02

Swine Sheep Poultry

122 48.5 0.9 124 48.5 0.9 115 48.5 0.9 112.5 28 0.9 28 28 0.9 28 28 0.9 28 28 0.9 28 28 0.9

Swine Sheep Poultry

0.5 0.42 1.1 0.68 0.85 1.1 0.74 0.9 1.1 0.73 1.13 1.1 1.64 1.17 1.1 0.5 1.17 1.1 1.64 1.17 1.1 0.5 1.17 1.1

Swine Sheep Poultry 22.265 7.43505 0.36135 30.7768 15.047125 0.36135 31.0615 15.93225 0.3613529.975625 11.5486 0.36135

16.7608 11.9574 0.36135 5.11 11.9574 0.36135 16.7608 11.9574 0.36135 5.11 11.9574 0.36135

Drylot Pasture/Range/Paddock Daily Spread Digester Burned for Fuel Other 0.0% 10.8% 18.4% 0.0% 0.0% 2.6% 0.0% 20.0% 7.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.5% 0.0% 18.0% 2.5% 0.0% 0.0% 2.0% 0.0% 76.0% 8.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 36.0% 62.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 20.0% 29.0% 2.0% 7.0% 0.0% 0.0% 81.5% 3.5% 0.0% 11.5% 2.0% 0.0% 27.0% 19.0% 1.0% 51.0% 0.0%

0.02 0.02 0.02 0 0.01 0.01 0.002 0.0007 0.0007 0 0 0

Drylot Pasture/Range/Paddock Daily Spread Digester Burned for Fuel Other 18.4% 81.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 32.0% 1.8% 0.0% 0.0% 2.0% 0.0% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 13.5% 9.0% 91.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 99.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.0% 46.0% 50.0% 2.0% 0.0% 2.0% 0.0% 1.0% 87.0% 1.5% 0.0% 10.0% 1.0% 4.0% 22.0% 20.0% 1.0% 53.0% 0.0%

0.02 0.02 0.02 0 0.01 0.01 0.003 0.0007 0.0007 0 0 0

Drylot Pit <1 month Pit .1 month Daily Spread Digester Other

4.0% 0.0% 40.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.8% 69.8% 2.0% 0.0% 3.0% 0.0% 24.7% 24.7% 0.0% 0.0% 5.7% 15.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 28.0% 41.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.0% 0.0% 40.0% 54.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 7.0% 0.0% 78.0% 0.5% 8.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 30.0% 3.0% 0.0% 9.0% 8.0% 3.0%

0.02 0.002 0.002 0.02 0 0.01 0 0.0025 0.0025 0 0 0

Swine Sheep Poultry 0.002747 0.01 0.001 0.002837 0.01 0.001 0.003658 0.01 0.001 0.00595 0.01 0.001 0.0135 0.01 0.001 0.0128 0.01 0.0010.01643 0.01 0.001

0.01006 0.01 0.001

Swine Sheep Poultry 0.003404 0.00200 0.00475 0.0027795 0.00200 0.00475 0.003245 0.00200 0.00475 0.002295 0.00200 0.00475 0.000834 0.00200 0.00475 0.00192 0.00200 0.00475 0.00084 0.00200 0.00475 0.002211 0.00200 0.00475

Swine Sheep Poultry 0.00075 0.00225 0.00075 0.00075 0.00225 0.00075 0.00075 0.00225 0.00075 0.00075 0.00225 0.00075 0.00075 0.00225 0.00075 0.00075 0.00225 0.00075 0.00075 0.00225 0.00075 0.00075 0.00225 0.00075Winrock % of Land Type

Other Latin America 100% 1.98 Rest of World 100% 0.94COUNTRY NPV of 30-Yr Total

Indonesia 0 0 0 0.00 Indonesia 24% Philippines 0 0 0 0.00 Philippines 100% Malaysia 0 0 0 0.00 China 87% #REF!Calculation of N2O emissions from application of manage manure to soils.

Does not include PRP or daily spread manure emissions, since these are accounted for in the original manure management methodology. **Dairy Numbers Change (Head)**  Lagoon Liquid/Slurr
y Solid Storage Drylot Pasture/Rang e/Paddock North America 732 1,317 1,283

- 527 Western Europe

- (215) (221)

- (120) Eastern Europe

- 1 3

- 1 Oceania 14 1

- - 66 Latin America

- 26 26

- 948 Asia 104 985

- - 519 Africa and Middle East

- 0 1

- 62 Indian Subcontinent

- 0

- - 0

**Cattle Numbers Change (Head)**  Lagoon Liquid/Slurr
y Solid Storage Drylot Pasture/Rang e/Paddock North America

- (15)

- (1,375) (6,091)

Western Europe

- 568 879

- 721 Eastern Europe

- (1,361) (2,662)

- (1,210) Oceania

- - - (11) (111) Latin America

- - - - (37,606) Asia

- - - 2,493 2,710 Africa and Middle East

- - - 102 8,907 Indian Subcontinent

- 42

- 170 933

**Swine Numbers Change (Head)**  Lagoon Liquid/Slurr
y Solid Storage Drylot Pit <1 month North America 2,222 1,253 284 271

- Western Europe (943)

- (1,485)

- (304) Eastern Europe (206)

- (2,881)

- (1,694) Oceania 848

- 47 235

- Latin America

- 243 303 1,244

- Asia

- (663)

- (895)

- Africa and Middle East

- 720 216 5,612 36 Indian Subcontinent 47 114 83 155 16

**Dairy Nex Change (kg N)** Lagoon Liquid/Slurr
y Solid Storage Drylot Pasture/Rang e/Paddock North America 70,996 127,792 124,479

- 51,117 Western Europe

- (22,565) (23,261)

- (12,642)

Eastern Europe

- 54 186

- 56 Oceania 1,111 69

- - 5,275Latin America

- 1,846 1,846

- 66,456

Asia 6,228 59,166

- - 31,140 Africa and Middle East

- 25 74

- 4,014 Indian Subcontinent

- 0

- - 1 % lost in Manure Management 77% 40% 40% 30%

**Cattle Nex Change (kg N)** Lagoon Liquid/Slurr
y Solid Storage Drylot Pasture/Rang e/Paddock North America

- (658)

- (60,532) (268,116) Western Europe

- 28,735 44,471

- 36,489 Eastern Europe

- (67,987) (132,951)

- (60,432) Oceania

- - - (663) (6,702) Latin America

- - - - (1,507,154) Asia

- - - 98,710 107,294 Africa and Middle East

- - - 4,590 399,322 Indian Subcontinent

- 579

- 2,316 12,738 % lost in Manure Management 40% 50% 40%

**Swine Nex Change (kg N)** Lagoon Liquid/Slurr
y Solid Storage Drylot Pit <1 month North America 49,465 27,900 6,334 6,032

- Western Europe (29,033)

- (45,718)

- (9,344) Eastern Europe (6,392)

- (89,484)

- (52,625) Oceania 25,410

- 1,412 7,058

- Oceania Latin America

- 4,069 5,086 20,854

- Asia

- (3,389)

- (4,575)

- Africa and Middle East

- 12,060 3,618 94,069 603 Indian Subcontinent 238 581 423 793 79 % lost in Manure Management 78% 48% 50% 30% 25%

**Manure N available for application (kg N) (not**  **including PRP and daily spread)**  Dairy Cattle Swine Sheep Poultry North America 167,692 (36,714) 78,701 NA 5,486 Western Europe (27,496) 39,477 (210,951) NA 102,074 Eastern Europe 145 (107,268) (125,085) NA (249,886) Oceania 297 (398) 11,237 NA (94,998) Latin America 2,215

- 19,257 NA (316) Asia 37,648 59,226 (5,095) NA (39,844) Africa and Middle East 59 2,754 82,069 NA 38,087Indian Subcontinent 0 1,870 1,227 NA (32,946)

**Change in direct N2O emissions (kg N2O)**  Dairy Cattle Swine Sheep Poultry North America 2,635 (577) 1,237 NA 86 Western Europe (432) 620 (3,315) NA 1,604 Eastern Europe 2 (1,686) (1,966) NA (3,927) Oceania 5 (6) 177 NA (1,493) Latin America 35

- 303 NA (5) Asia 592 931 (80) NA (626) Africa and Middle East 1 43 1,290 NA 599 Indian Subcontinent 0 29 19 NA (518)

**Change in indirect N2O emissions from volatilization**  **(kg N2O) (includes PRP and daily spread)**  Dairy Cattle Swine Sheep Poultry North America 901 (958) 247 NA 17 Western Europe (137) 244 (679) NA 321 Eastern Europe 1 (527) (393) NA (785) Oceania 19 (22) 35 NA (299) Latin America 496 (4,737) 63 NA (1) Asia 327 534 (16) NA (125) Africa and Middle East 13 1,281 258 NA 120 Indian Subcontinent 0 74 4 NA (104) Indian Subcontinent

**Change in indirect N2O emissions from**  **leaching/runoff (kg N2O)** Dairy Cattle Swine Sheep Poultry North America 593 (130) 278 NA 19 Western Europe (97) 140 (746) NA 361 Eastern Europe 1 (379) (442) NA (884) Oceania 1 (1) 40 NA (336) Latin America 8

- 68 NA (1) Asia 133 209 (18) NA (141) Africa and Middle East 0 10 290 NA 135 Indian Subcontinent 0 7 4 NA (116)

**Total change in N2O emissions (kg N2O)**  Dairy Cattle Swine Sheep Poultry North America 4,129 (1,665) 1,762

- 123 Western Europe (666) 1,004 (4,740)

- 2,286 Eastern Europe 3 (2,592) (2,801)

- (5,596)Oceania 25 (30) 252

- (2,127)

Latin America 539 (4,737) 434

- (7) Asia 1,052 1,674 (114)

- (892) Africa and Middle East 14 1,334 1,838

- 853 Indian Subcontinent 0 110 28

- (738) **Total 5,096**  **(4,902) (3,342)** 

**- (6,098)** Does not include PRP or daily spread manure emissions, since these are accounted for in the original manure management methodology.

Daily Spread Digester Burned for

Fuel Other 1,000 Head 898

- - 127 0.01 EF1 (42)

- - (3) 1.6 convert N2O-N to N2O 0

- - 0 0.01 Volatilization EF [kg N2O–N/(kg NH3–N + NOX–N volatilised)] 7

- - - 0.2 Volatilization from organic fertilizer & dung [(kg NH3–N + NOx–N)/kg N applied] 1,633

- - - 0.0075 Leaching/Runoff EF (kg N20-N/kg N leaching or runoff) 752 52 182

- 0.3 N losses by leaching/runoff (N losses by leaching or runoff/kg N addition) 3

- 9 2 0 0 0

-
Daily Spread Digester Burned for

Fuel Other

- - - - **TABLE 10.23 DEFAULT VALUES FOR TOTAL NITROGEN LOSS FROM MANURE MANAGEMENT**

41

- - 45 **Animal category**  **Manure**

**management system**  **Total N loss**

**from MMS FracLossMS** 

- - - (817) Anaerobic lagoon 78%

- - - - Pit storage 25%

- - - (380) Deep bedding 50% 108

- 108

- Liquid/Slurry 48% 154

- 1,024 102 Solid storage 50% 848 42 2,248

- Anaerobic lagoon 77% Liquid/Slurry 40% Swine

Pit .1 month Daily

Spread Digester Other Pit storage 28% 2,750

- - - Dry lot 30% (7,568) (217)

- (325) Solid storage 40% (1,694)

- - (391) Daily spread 22%

- - - 440 Poultry without litter 55%

- 61

- 1,214 Anaerobic lagoon 77%

- - (116)

- Poultry with litter 50% 612

- - - Dry lot 40%

- 47 41 16 Solid storage 50% Deep bedding 40% Daily Spread Digester Burned for

Fuel Other Deep bedding 35% 87,088

- - 12,306 Solid storage 15% (4,425)

- - (316) From IPCC 2006 Guidelines

8

- - 6 Lagoon Pit Storage 555

- - - Dairy 77% 28% Other Cattle

Other (sheep, horses) Dairy Cow

Poultry114,452

- - - Cattle

45,153 3,114 10,899

- Swine 78% 25% 172

- 566 99 Sheep 1 0 3

- Poultry 77%

22% 77%

Daily Spread Digester Burned for

Fuel Other

- - - - 2,053

- - 2,281

- - - (40,792)

- - - -

- - - (15,224) 4,292

- 4,292

- 6,885

- 45,899 4,590 11,580 579 30,688

-

22.0% 77.0%

Pit .1 month Daily

Spread Digester Other 61,228

- - - (232,929) (6,674)

- (10,011) (52,625)

- - (12,144)

- - - 13,176

- 1,017

- 20,345

- - (593)

- 10,251

- - -

- 238 211 79

25% 22.0% 78%

Poultry Manure kg N2O-N emissions accounted for in MM calc 36 668 (1,635) (622) (2) (261) 249(216)

**Total 4,350**  **(2,117) (10,985)** **(1,881)**

**(3,771) 1,719**  **4,039 (599)**  **(9,246)**Volatilization EF [kg N2O–N/(kg NH3–N + NOX–N volatilised)] Volatilization from organic fertilizer & dung [(kg NH3–N + NOx–N)/kg N applied] Leaching/Runoff EF (kg N20-N/kg N leaching or runoff) N losses by leaching/runoff (N losses by leaching or runoff/kg N addition)

**TABLE 10.23 DEFAULT VALUES FOR TOTAL NITROGEN LOSS FROM MANURE MANAGEMENT**

**(Range of FracLossMS)**  (55 – 99) (15 – 30) (10 – 60) (15 – 60) (20 – 70) (55 – 99) (15 – 45)

(10 – 40) (10 – 35) (10 – 65) (15 – 60) (40 – 70) (50 – 99) (20 – 80) (20 – 50) (20 – 70) (10 – 50)

(15 – 40) (5 – 20)

Deep Bedding Liquid/Slurry Solid Storage Drylot Daily Spread 40% 40% 30% 22%40% 50% 40% 50% 48% 50% 35% 15% 50%