RULE 2.34 STATIONARY GAS TURBINES

ADOPTED July 13, 1994

Revised November 12

, 2014

INDEX

100 GENERAL

10 1 PURPOSE

102 APPLICABILITY

103 SEVERABILITY

110 EXEMPTION

– LABORATORY, FIREFIGHTING/FLOOD CONTROL,

AND PIPELINE CHEMICAL PROCESSING UNITS

111 EXEMPTION

– EMERGENCY STANDBY AND SMALL UNITS

200 DEFINITIONS

201 AUTOMATIC GENERATION CONTROL

201 BARCT

202 20 2 CHEMICAL PROCESSING GAS TURBINE UNIT

20 3 COMBINED CYCLE

20 4 COMMISSIONING

203 20 5 COMPLIANCE LIMIT

20 6 CONTROL AREA SYSTEM OPERATOR

204 20 7 CONTROL SYSTEM OPERATING PARAMETERS

205 20 8 EMERGENCY STANDBY UNIT

206 HHV

207 LHV

208 2 09 MEASURED NOx EMISSIONS CONCENTRATION

209 2 10 NOx EMISSIONS (NOx)

210 PIPELINE GAS TURBINES

211 21 1 POWER AUGMENTATION

212 21 2 PUBLIC SERVICE UNIT

21 3 RAMP RATE

213 21 4 RATING

214 21 5 SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION (SCR)

21 6 S IMPLE CYCLE

2 1 7 SHORT

- TERM EXCURSIONS

2 1 8 SHUT

- DOWN PERIOD

2 19 START

- UP PERIOD

215 22 0 STATIONARY GAS TURBINE

216 THERMAL STABILIZATION PERIOD

300 STANDARDS

301 LIMITATIONS EMISSION LIMITS

302 START

- UP/SHUT

- DOWN

30 3 CONTINUOUS MONTORING

30 4 SOURCE TESTING

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- Solano AQMD Adopted July 13, 1994 Revised November 12, 2014 (final draft 10/28/2014) Reg. II, Rule 2.34, Page 1400 ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS

401 COMPLIANCE SCHEDULE

402 401 EMISSION CONTROL PLAN EXEMPTION APPLICABILITY

403 402 EXEMPT UNITS AND EMERGENCY STANDBY AND

SMALL UNITS

500 MONITORING REPORTING AND RECORDKEEPING

501 MONITORING REPORTING

502 RECORD KEEPING S

503 TEST METHODS

600 TEST METHODS

601 Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)

602 Oxygen (O2)

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- Solano AQMD Adopted July 13, 1994 Revised November 12, 2014 (final draft 10/28/2014) Reg. II, Rule 2.34, Page 2100 GENERAL

101 PURPOSE: The purpose of this rule is to limit NOx emissions from stationary gas turbines in conformance with BARCT determinations approved by the

California Air Resources Board to meet the requirements of the California Clean

Air Act

.

102 APPLICABILITY: Except as provided in Sections 110 and 111, this rule shall apply to all stationary gas turbines , 0.3 megawatt (MW) and larger.

103 SEVERABILITY: If any provision, clause, sentence

, paragraph, section or part of this rule for any reason is judged to be unconstitutional or invalid, such judgment shall not affect or invalidate the remainder of the rule.

110 EXEMPTION

– LABORATORY, FIREFIGHTING/FLOOD CONTROL,

AND PIPELINE CHEMICAL PROCE SSING UNITS: The provisions of this rule with the exception of Section 402.3 401.3 shall not apply to the operation of stationary gas turbines used under the following conditions:

110.1 Laboratory units used in research and testing for the advancement of g as turbine technology.

110.2 Units operated exclusively for firefighting and/or flood control.

110.3 Pipeline gas turbines provided that the owner/operator

demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Air Pollution Control

Officer that water or steam injection, selective catalytic reduction, or any other emission control technology is not technologically feasible, cost effective or creates adverse environmental impacts such as those associated with the use, transport, or disposal of supplies such as wa ter and ammonia.

110. 4 3 Chemical processing gas turbine units.

111 EXEMPTION

– EMERGENCY STANDBY AND SMALL UNITS: The provisions of this rule with the exception of Sections 402.3 401.3

, 403 402 , and

502. 5 2 shall not apply to the operation of stationary gas turbines used under the following conditions:

111.1 Emergency standby units demonstrated to operate less than 200 hours per calendar year.

111.2 Units of less than 4 MW operating less than 877 hours pe r calendar

year.

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- Solano AQMD Adopted July 13, 1994 Revised November 12, 2014 (final draft 10/28/2014) Reg. II, Rule 2.34, Page 3200 DEFINITIONS

201 AUTOMATIC GENERATION CONTROL: Computer linked remote command of the electrical power output of the generating plant by the control area system operatio n.

201 BARCT: “Best Available Retrofit Control Technology: as defined in Section 40406 of the California Health and Safety Code as an “emission limitation that is based on the maximum degree of reduction achievable, taking into account environmental, energy, and econom ic impacts by each class or category of

source”.

202 20 2 CHEMICAL PROCESSING GAS TURBINE UNIT: A stationary gas turbine that vents its exhaust gases into the operating stream of a chemical

process.

20 3 COMBINED CYCLE: Type of power plant in which electric generators are driven by both the expanding exhaust gases of fuel combustion in the gas turbine and by a steam turbine used to recover useful energy from the heat of a gas

turbine exhaust.

20 4 COMMISSIONING: The period of initial equipment installation and tuning prior to the initial power deliveries to the electrical distribution grid.

203 20 5 COMPLAINCE LIMIT: Maximum A a llowable NOx emissions expressed in parts per million by volume (ppmv).

20 6 CONTROL AREA SYSTEM OPERATOR: The authority which is responsible

for electrica l power distribution in the local area containing the stationary gas

turbine.

204 20 7 CONTROL SYSTEM OPERATING PARAMETERS: Operating parameters that the Air Pollution Control Officer deems necessary to analyze when determining compliance, such as ammonia and exhaust flow rates and exhaust gas temperature for SCR; of or humidity, water injection rate, exhaust gas flow rate, and temperature for water injection.

205 20 8 EMERGENCY STANDBY UNIT: A stationary gas turbine that operates only as a mechanical or electrical power source for a facility when the primary power source has been rendered inoperable due to a failure beyond the re asonable control of the operator, except due to power interruption pursuant to a voluntary interrupt a i ble power supply agreement. Electricity generated by such a unit

cannot be sold.

206 HHV: The higher heating value of a fuel.

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- Solano AQMD Adopted July 13, 1994 Revised November 12, 2014 (final draft 10/28/2014) Reg. II, Rule 2.34, Page 4207 LHV: The lower heating value of t he fuel.

208 2 09 MEASURED NOx EMISSIONS CONCENTRATION: The

concentration of NOx emissions corrected to the International Standards Organization (ISO) standard conditions:

NOx = (NOx obs )(P ref /P obs ) 0.5 (288 o /T amb ) 1.53 [e 19(Hobs

- 0.00633) ]

Where:

NOx = Emissions o f NOx at 15 percent oxygen and I SO

standard con ditions on a dry basis, ppm.

NOx obs = Measured NOx emissions corrected to 15 percent oxygen on a dry basis, ppm.

P ref = Standard reference pressure, 14.696 psia.

P obs = Measured site am bient absolute pressure, psia.

H obs = Measured humidity of ambient air, pounds water per pound dry air.

e = Transcendental constant (2.718)

T amb = Measured temperature of ambient air, degrees K.

or an alternate correlation that corrects to ISO standard c onditions and is approved by the Air Pollution Control Officer.

209 21 0 NOx EMISSIONS (NOx): The sum of nitric oxides and nitrogen dioxide in the exhaust gas stream.

210 PIPELINE GAS TURBINES: A stationary gas turbine used to transport gases or liquids in a pipeline.

211 21 1 POWER AUGMENTATION: An increase in the gas turbine shaft output and/or the decrease in gas turbine fuel consumption by the addition of energy recovered from exhaust heat.

212 21 2 PUBLIC SERVICE UNIT: A gas turbine used to generate electricity for sale or for use in serving the public.

21 3 RAMP RATE: The rate of change in the quantity of electric power generated from the stationary gas turbine

.

213 21 4 RATING: The continuous megawatt (MW) rating or mechanical equivalent by a manufacturer for gas turbine(s) without power augmentation.

214 21 5 SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION (SCR): A post combustion control technology that utilizes ammonia injected into the exhaust gas stream where it reduces NOx to molecular nitrogen in the presence of a catalyst.

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- Solano AQMD Adopted July 13, 1994 Revised November 12, 2014 (final draft 10/28/2014) Reg. II, Rule 2.34, Page 521 6 SIMPLE CYCLE: Type of power plant in which all electric generators are

driven b y the expanding exhaust gases of fuel combustion.

2 1 7 SHORT

- TERM EXCURSIONS: Temporary departures from NOx emission limit compliant operation of a stationary gas turbine with a rated output greater than 100 MW, which is part of a combined cycle process, due to:

2 1 7 .1 Turbine load changes in excess of the manufacturer’s recommended ramp rate required by the control area system operator while the power plant is operating under automatic generation control, or due to safety or equipment protection considerations.

2 1 7 .2 Fuel pressure variations or automated modifications of the air/fuel mixture caused by safety or equipment protections systems.

2 1 7 .3 Activation or deactivation o f evaporative coolers, inlet air chillers, inlet air misting systems, duct burners, or power augmentation water or steam injection.

2 1 7 .4 Other conditions identified by the operator and approved in writing by the Air Pollution Control Officer, the Californ ia Air Resources Board, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

2 1 8 SHUT

- DOWN PERIOD: The time necessary to c ease operation of a gas turbine from operating under load conditions. This time shall not exceed one (1) hour.

2 19 START

- UP PERIOD: The time necessary to bring operation of the gas turbine up to the designed rating. This time shall not exceed six (6) hours for combined cycle gas turbine power plants or two (2) hours for simple cycle gas turbine power plants.

215 22 0 STATIONARY GAS TURBINE : Any gas turbine system that is gas and/or liquid fueled with or without power augmentation. This unit is either attached to a foundation at a facility or is portable equipment operated at a specific facility for more than 90 days in any 12

- month period. Two or more gas turbines powering one shaft shall be treated as one unit.

216 THERMAL STABILIZATION PERIOD: The two hour start

- up time n ecessary to bring the heat recovery steam generator to the proper temperature, not to

exceed two (2) hours.

300 STANDARDS

301 LIMITATIONS EMISSIONS LIMITS : The owne r or operator of any stationary gas turbine unit shall not operate such unit under load conditions, excluding the

thermal stabilization start

- up period, shut

- down period, commissioning, or up to

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- Solano AQMD Adopted July 13, 1994 Revised November 12, 2014 (final draft 10/28/2014) Reg. II, Rule 2.34, Page 6four (4) consecutive fifteen (15) minute periods during short

- term excursions

which result s in the measured NOx emissions concentration exceeding the compliance limit listed below, averaged over 15 minutes:

Unit Size Megawatt Rating (MW) Compliance Limit NOx, ppm @ 15% O 2 Gas A Oil Liquid B

0.3 to Less Than 2.9 MW and Units Greater Than or Equal to 4 MW That Operate Less

Than 877 Hour/Year 42 65

2.9 to Less Than 10 MW 25 x EFF/25 65

10.0 MW and Over 9 x EFF/25 25 x EFF/25

A. GAS INCLUDES ONLY COMMERCIAL NATURAL , DIGESTER, AND LANDFILL AND LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM

GASES.

B. OIL LIQUID INCLUDES KEROSENE, JET, AND DISTILLATE. THE SULFUR CONTENT OF THE OIL LIQUID SHALL

BE LESS THAN 0.05%

301.1 The six (6) hour rolling average NOx concentration for a period including

a short

- term excursion shall not exceed the applicable compliance limit.

301.2 The total of all fifteen (15) minute periods during short

- term excursions

when NOx concentrations exceed the applicable compliance limit shall not exceed ten (10) hours in a year.

302 START

- UP/SHUT

- DOWN: The owner or operator of any stationary gas turbine shall operate such unit in accordance with good air pollution control practices at all times, including such periods containing start

- up/shut

- down events. Emissions

shall not exceed an average value of 70 ppm @ 15% O 2 during the start

- up period for turbines fired on gas fuels, or an average value of 226 ppm @ 15% O 2 for turbines fired on liquid fuels

. S CR control shall be initiated once the temperature of the catalyst media achieves the minimum control operation temperature established by manufacturer recommendation or source test data , which shall be no higher than 550 ° F . Other emissions control devices shall operate continuously during start

- up and shut

- down events.

303 CONTINUOUS MONITORING: The owner or operator of any stationary gas turbine subject to Section 301 shall install, operate and ma intain in calibration equipment

, as approved by the Air Pollution Control Officer, that continuously measures and records the following:

303. 1 Control system operating parameters

.

303. 2 Elapsed time of operation

.

303.3 For units with a rating of 10 MW or greater, the exhaust gas NOx

concentrations corrected to ISO conditions at 15 percent oxygen on a dry basis. The NOx monitoring system shall meet EPA requirements as

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- Solano AQMD Adopted July 13, 1994 Revised November 12, 2014 (final draft 10/28/2014) Reg. II, Rule 2.34, Page 7specified in 40 CFR Part 60, App endix B or other systems that are acceptable to the EPA.

30 4 SOURCE TESTING:

30 4 .1 The owner/operator of an affected unit subject to Section 301 shall have

the stationary gas turbine source tested using the methods specified in sections 601, 602, and 603 at least once every 12 calendar months.

30 4 .2 The owner/operator of an affected unit with a rating of 10 MW or greater subject to the p rovisions of this rule shall perform a Relative Accuracy Test Audit (RATA) of the NOx continuous emission monitoring system at least once every four (4) successive Quality Assurance (QA) operating quarters (as defined by 40 CFR Part 72.2) or at least once every twenty four (24) calendar months, whichever is more stringent. The RATA shall be performed in accordance with 40 CFR Part 75, Appendix B (Quality

Assurance and Quality Control Procedures).

Where: EFF (efficiency) is the higher of the following:

301.1 EFF = 3412 x 100%

AHR [where: AHR = Actual Heat Rate at HHV of Fuel (BTU/KW

- HR)], which is the demonstrated percent efficiency of the gas turbine only as calculated without consideration of any downstream energy recovery from the actual heat rate, (BTU/KW

- HR) or 1.34 (BTU/HP

- HR); corrected to the HHV (higher heating value) of the fuel and ISO conditions, as measured at peak

load for that fac ility, or

301.2 EFF = MRE x LHV

HHV [where: MRE = Manufacturer's Rated Efficiency with Air Pollution Equipment at LHV.], which is the manufacturer's continuous rated percent efficiency of the gas turbine with air pollution equipment afte r correction

from LHV to HHV of the Fuel.

400 ADMINISTATIVE REQUIREMENTS

401 COMPLIANCE SCHEDULE: Owners or operators of all gas turbines subject to the provisions of this rule shall comply with the applicable provisions of Section 301 in accordance with the following schedule:

401.1 By July 13, 1996, submit to the Air Pollution Control Officer for approval an emission control plan of actions which will demonstrate compliance; and

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- Solano AQMD Adopted July 13, 1994 Revised November 12, 2014 (final draft 10/28/2014) Reg. II, Rule 2.34, Page 8401.2 Within 6 months after approval of the emission control plan specified in Section 402.1, submit an application for an Authority to Construct to the Air Pollution Control Officer; and

401.3 By July 13, 1998, demonstrate final compliance.

402 401 EMISSION CONTROL PLAN EXEMPTION APPLICABILITY : The owner or operator of any existing stationary gas turbine shall submit to the Air

Pollution Control Officer for approval an Emissions Control Plan of all actions, including a schedule of increments of progress, which will be tak en to meet or exceed requirements of the applicable emissions limitations in Section 301 and compliance schedule in Section 401

.

402.1 The Emission Control Plan shall contain, as a minimum, a list that provides the following for each gas turbine subject to the provisions of this rule:

a. Permit or identification number;

b. Name of gas turbine manufacturer;

c. Model designation;

d. Rated shaft power output (MW);

e. Type of liquid fuel and/or type of gaseous fuel;

f. Fuel consumption (cubic feet of gas or g allons of liquid) for the previous one

- year period;

g

. Hours of operation in the previous one

- year period;

h. Heat rate (BTU/KW

- HR), corrected to the HHV for each type of fuel (liquid/gas),

and

i. HHV for each fuel.

402.2 A listing of all gas turbines required to be controlled, identifying the type of emission control to be applied to each gas turbine along with documentation showing existing emissions of oxides of nitrogen

.

402.3 Support documentation for any units exempt under the provisions of

Secti ons 110 and 111.

403 402 EXEMPT UNITS AND EMERGENCY STANDBY AND SMALL

UNITS: Exempt units and emergency standby units shall comply with the following:

403.1 402.1 The owner or operator of any unit listed below exempt under

section 1 11 shall notify the Air Pollution Control Officer in writing within seven days if the hour

- per

- year limit is exceeded. A public service unit operating during a state of emergency, when such emergency is declared by proclamation of the Governor of the State o f California and when the unit is located in the specific geographical location identified in the proclamation, shall be excluded from the hour

- per

- year limit. If the hour

per

- year limit is exceeded, the exemption shall be permanently withdrawn.

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- Solano AQMD Adopted July 13, 1994 Revised November 12, 2014 (final draft 10/28/2014) Reg. II, Rule 2.34, Page 9Within 30 days after the exceedance, the owner or operator shall submit a n application for Authority to Construct that details a plan to meet the applicable limits specified in Section 301 of this rule within two years. Included in this application, the owner or operator shall submit an emission control plan that includes a sche dule of increments of progress for the installation of the required control equipment. This schedule shall be subject to the review and approval of the Air Pollution Control Officer.

a. Any unit smaller than 4 MW or emergency standby unit exempt under S ections 110 and 111.

b. Any unit equal to or greater than 4 MW.

402.2 A public service unit operating during a state of emergency, when such emergency is declared by proclamation of the Governor of the State of

California and when the unit is locate d in the specific geographical location identified in the proclamation, shall be excluded from the hour

per

- year limit.

500 MONITORING REPORTING AND RECORDKEEPING

501 MONITORING: The owner or operator of any stationary gas turbine subject to the provisions of this rule shall perform the following actions:

501.1 Install, operate and maintain in calibration equipment, as approved by the Air Pollution Control Officer, that continu ously measures and records the following:

a. Control system operating parameters;

b. Elapsed time of operation; and

c. For units of 10 MW or greater that operated more than 4000 hours per year over the last three years prior to July 13, 1994, the exhaust gas NOx concentrations corrected to ISO conditions at 15 percent oxygen on a dry basis. The NOx monitoring system shall meet EPA requirements as specified in 40 CFR Part 60, App. B, Spec.2 or other systems that are acceptable to the EPA.

50 2 1 RECORDS REPORTING :

50 2 .1 All records shall be available for inspection at any time for a period of two

years.

50 2 1

. 2 1 Submit to the Air Pollution Control Officer information demonstrating that the c ontin uous monitoring system has data gathering

and retrieval capability.

50 2 1

. 3 2 Submit to the Air Pollution Control Officer, prior to issuance of a Permit to Operate, information correlating the control system operating

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- Solano AQMD Adopted July 13, 1994 Revised November 12, 2014 (final draft 10/28/2014) Reg. II, Rule 2.34, Page 10parameters to the associated NOx output. This information may be used by

the Air Poll ution Control Officer to determine compliance when there is no continuous emission monitoring system for NOx available or when the continuous emission monitoring system is not operating properly.

50 2 1

. 4 3 Provide source test information annually regarding the exhaust gas NOx concentration at ISO conditions corrected to 15 percent oxygen on a dry basis , and the demonstrated percent efficiency (EFF) of the turbine

unit

.

502 RECORDKEEPING:

502. 5 1 Maintain a gas turbine operating log that includes, on a daily basis, the

actual Pacific Standard Time start

- up and stop time, total hours of operation, type and quantity of fuel used (liquid/gas). This information shall be available for inspection at any time from the date of entry.

502. 6 2 For units exempt under Section 111 M m aintain a gas turbine operating log for units exempt under Section 111 that includes, on a daily basis, the

actual Pacific Standard Time start

- up and stop time, total hours of operation, and cumulative hours of operatio n to date for the calendar year.

This information shall be available for inspection at any time for two years from the date of entry and submitted to the Air Pollution Control Officer at the end of each calendar year in a manner and form approved by the Ai r Pollution Control Officer.

502. 3 All records shall be available for inspection at any time for a period of five

years.

503 600 TEST METHODS:

503.1 601 Oxides of Nitrogen (NO

x ): Oxides of Nitrogen (NO

x ) emissions

shall be determined in accordance with EPA Method 7E or EPA Method

20.

503.2 602 Oxygen (O 2 ): Oxygen (O 2 ) concentrations shall be determined in

accordance with ARB Method 100 or EPA Method 3A.

503.3 HHV and LHV : HHV a nd LHV shall be determined in accordance with

ASTM D

- 240

- 87 , Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter, or D

- 2382

- 88 , Standard

Test M ethod for Heat of Combustion of Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter ( High

- p recision Method), for distillate fuels, and ASTM D

3588

- 91 ,Standard Practice for Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility Factor, and Relative Density ( Specific Gravity ) of Gaseous Fuels, ASTM

D

- 1826

- 88 , Standard Test Method for Calorific (Heating) Value of Gases

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- Solano AQMD Adopted July 13, 1994 Revised November 12, 2014 (final draft 10/28/2014) Reg. II, Rule 2.34, Page 11in Natural Gas Range by Continuous Recording Calorimeter, or ASTM D

1945

- 81 , Standard Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas Chromatography, for gaseous fuels.

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- Solano AQMD Adopted July 13, 1994 Revised November 12, 2014 (final draft 10/28/2014) Reg. II, Rule 2.34, Page 12