National Compensation Survey:

Employee Benefits in the United States, March 2021

U.S. Department of Labor 

Martin J. Walsh, Secretary

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

William W. Beach, Commissioner 

September 2021

Contents 

Overview 

Civilian tables 

Private industry tables 

State and local government tables 

Technical note 

Appendix table 1: Survey establishment response 

Appendix table 2: Number of workers represented
Overview

The National Compensation Survey (NCS) provides comprehensive measures of compensation cost 

trends and the coverage, costs, and provisions of employer-sponsored benefits in the United States. This 

bulletin presents 2021 estimates of the incidence and key provisions of employer-sponsored benefits for 

civilian workers, private industry workers, as well as state and local government workers by worker and 

establishment characteristics.

Estimates are also accessible in Excel format and through the benefits database. Estimates for prior 

years and additional benefits publications are available on the NCS publications page.

U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) staff designed the survey, collected and reviewed the survey data, 

and prepared survey estimates for publication. For information about the survey design, concepts, and 

calculations see the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures. 

The survey could not have been conducted without the cooperation of the many private businesses and 

state and local government agencies and jurisdictions that provided benefits data. BLS thanks these 

respondents for their cooperation. Additional information for survey respondents is available on 

the National Compensation Survey (NCS) Respondents page.

For more information on benefits estimates, contact National Compensation Survey staff by: 

Email: Online form

Telephone: (202) 691-6199 (Monday–Friday, 8:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time)

Services for individuals with a sensory impairment:

Information voice phone: (202) 691-5200 The Federal Relay Service: 1-800-877-8339

Bureau of Labor Statistics

National Compensation Survey – Benefits

2 Massachusetts Ave., N.E. - Suite 4160

Washington, D.C. 20212-0001

The contents of this publication are in the public domain and, with appropriate citation, may be 

reproduced without permission.
Table 2. Retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 civilian workers,2 March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

All retirement benefits3 Defined benefit Defined contribution

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 72 56 78 25 20 80 61 43 71

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 88 75 85 38 31 80 73 57 77

Management, business, and financial ............... 89 80 90 32 25 79 83 71 85

Professional and related .................................... 87 72 83 41 33 80 69 50 73

Teachers ........................................................ 88 75 85 72 62 85 44 22 49

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 95 81 85 85 74 88 38 14 37

Registered nurses ......................................... 88 75 85 41 30 73 80 64 81

Service ................................................................... 46 31 66 15 13 87 37 20 54

Protective service .............................................. 80 69 86 58 51 88 44 27 62

Sales and office ..................................................... 75 54 72 20 14 69 69 46 67

Sales and related ............................................... 71 43 60 9 5 49 70 41 59

Office and administrative support ...................... 77 61 79 27 19 74 68 50 73

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 67 53 79 24 22 93 57 41 72

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 63 50 79 26 25 96 50 35 71

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 72 56 78 22 19 89 65 47 72

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 72 56 77 22 17 80 65 47 73

Production ......................................................... 74 59 79 18 14 78 71 54 77

Transportation and material moving .................. 71 53 75 25 20 81 59 41 68

Full time ................................................................. 81 66 81 30 24 80 69 52 74

Part time ................................................................ 42 22 53 10 7 74 36 17 47

Union ..................................................................... 95 85 90 79 68 86 49 34 69

Nonunion ............................................................... 68 51 75 17 13 75 63 45 71

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 45 26 57 8 6 75 41 21 52

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 34 16 48 4 3 76 31 14 44

Second 25 percent ............................................ 72 53 74 20 15 77 64 43 68

Third 25 percent ................................................ 83 68 82 31 25 82 70 53 75

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 92 81 89 46 37 81 75 61 81

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 93 84 90 44 34 77 81 68 84

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 76 62 82 21 17 82 72 57 79

Service-providing industries .................................. 71 54 77 26 21 80 60 41 69

Education and health services ........................... 80 63 79 39 33 83 59 38 65

Educational services ...................................... 89 78 87 74 63 86 43 23 53

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 91 81 89 86 75 88 32 12 38

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 90 79 87 62 48 78 67 45 67

Health care and social assistance ................. 74 55 74 19 15 79 68 47 69

Hospitals .................................................... 91 79 87 42 30 72 82 67 82

Public administration ......................................... 92 83 91 87 78 89 38 20 53

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 civilian workers,2 March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

All retirement benefits3 Defined benefit Defined contribution

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 58 41 71 11 9 83 53 35 66

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 53 37 69 8 7 81 50 33 66

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 73 55 76 21 17 85 63 43 68

100 workers or more .............................................. 87 71 82 40 32 79 71 52 74

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 82 63 77 26 21 82 69 49 70

500 workers or more .......................................... 92 80 87 56 43 77 72 56 78

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 71 58 82 29 24 82 59 43 74

New England ..................................................... 74 59 79 23 18 79 63 48 76

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 69 58 84 31 26 83 57 42 73

South ..................................................................... 71 52 73 23 19 80 62 41 65

South Atlantic .................................................... 73 54 74 23 18 78 68 45 66

East South Central ............................................ 70 50 71 26 21 78 60 37 62

West South Central ........................................... 67 49 74 23 19 83 53 35 67

Midwest ................................................................. 74 59 80 26 21 78 64 47 74

East North Central ............................................. 74 59 80 27 21 78 66 48 73

West North Central ............................................ 73 57 79 25 20 79 60 45 74

West ...................................................................... 72 56 78 24 19 79 60 44 73

Mountain ............................................................ 75 57 76 25 19 78 63 44 70

Pacific ................................................................ 70 56 79 24 19 79 59 44 74

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for

further explanation. 3 Includes defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution retirement plans. Workers are considered as having access or as participating if they are in at least one of these plans. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 2. Standard errors for retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 civilian workers,2 March 2021

Characteristics

All retirement benefits3 Defined benefit Defined contribution

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.9 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.8

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.0 1.1 0.6 1.3 1.2 2.0 1.1 1.0 0.6

Professional and related .................................... 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.1

Teachers ........................................................ 1.7 2.2 2.0 2.4 2.3 1.1 2.1 1.3 2.5

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.1 3.0 2.6 3.5 3.2 1.3 2.7 1.2 2.8

Registered nurses ......................................... 2.3 2.5 1.8 4.2 4.0 4.8 2.3 2.7 2.2

Service ................................................................... 1.7 1.2 2.1 0.7 0.6 1.2 1.8 1.1 2.2

Protective service .............................................. 2.6 2.8 2.1 4.1 3.9 1.4 3.0 2.0 4.4

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.9 1.1 1.2 0.8 0.5 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.3

Sales and related ............................................... 1.6 1.8 1.9 0.7 0.4 3.7 1.6 1.8 2.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.6 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.3

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.1 1.8 1.1 1.4 1.3 0.7 2.1 1.9 1.4

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.3 2.9 1.5 2.3 2.2 0.7 3.1 2.7 2.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.4 2.0 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.4 2.5 2.2 1.8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.5

Production ......................................................... 2.2 2.0 1.4 1.2 0.9 2.1 2.3 2.2 1.6

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.1 2.3 1.7 1.8 1.7 2.6 2.0 1.9 1.8

Full time ................................................................. 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.6

Part time ................................................................ 1.5 1.0 1.8 0.6 0.5 2.2 1.5 0.9 1.8

Union ..................................................................... 0.9 0.9 0.6 1.0 1.1 0.8 1.6 1.5 1.3

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.4 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.8

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.4 1.1 1.6 0.4 0.4 1.7 1.4 1.0 1.7

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.3 1.4 2.9 0.4 0.3 3.1 2.3 1.4 3.1

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.8 0.7 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.2

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.9 1.1 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.7 0.8 0.7 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 0.9

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.5 1.2 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.6 1.6 1.3 0.8

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8

Education and health services ........................... 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.8 1.6 1.6

Educational services ...................................... 0.9 0.9 0.7 1.1 1.2 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.8

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.0 1.3 0.9 2.2

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.0 1.4 0.9 1.6 1.6 1.2 2.0 1.5 1.4

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.5 2.3 1.9 1.7 1.6 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.1

Hospitals .................................................... 1.8 2.0 1.1 4.2 4.1 4.1 2.3 2.5 1.5

Public administration ......................................... 0.7 1.1 0.6 1.2 1.4 0.9 1.1 1.0 2.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Standard errors for retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 civilian workers,2 March

2021—continued

Characteristics

All retirement benefits3 Defined benefit Defined contribution

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.5 0.5 1.4 1.1 1.0 1.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.4 1.2 1.4 0.6 0.6 1.8 1.4 1.1 1.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.2 2.1 1.5 1.3 1.1 2.7 2.1 2.0 1.9

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.4 1.2 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.1 0.9

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.8 0.9 0.5 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.8

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.2 1.5

New England ..................................................... 3.0 3.6 2.5 1.4 1.2 1.7 2.8 3.3 3.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.9 1.0 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.9 2.0 1.3 1.9

South ..................................................................... 1.4 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.5 1.3 1.0

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.0 1.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.7 2.1 1.7 1.1

East South Central ............................................ 2.0 3.4 3.8 1.8 1.9 2.9 3.0 3.7 4.5

West South Central ........................................... 2.6 2.4 1.8 1.7 1.4 0.9 2.7 2.1 1.8

Midwest ................................................................. 1.6 1.7 1.0 0.7 0.4 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.1

East North Central ............................................. 2.1 2.4 1.3 0.6 0.5 2.0 2.3 2.4 1.5

West North Central ............................................ 2.2 2.2 1.1 1.8 0.6 3.8 1.9 1.8 1.2

West ...................................................................... 1.3 1.7 1.9 0.9 0.9 1.8 1.5 1.7 2.3

Mountain ............................................................ 3.1 2.9 1.9 2.1 1.9 2.7 3.5 2.8 1.8

Pacific ................................................................ 1.4 2.1 2.7 1.0 1.0 2.2 1.5 2.2 3.3

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for

further explanation. 3 Includes defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution retirement plans. Workers are considered as having access or as participating if they are in at least one of these plans. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 3. Retirement benefit combinations: Access, civilian

workers,1 March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Defined

benefit and

defined

contribution

Defined

benefit only

Defined

contribution

only

All workers ............................................................. 15 10 46

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 24 15 49

Management, business, and financial ............... 26 6 57

Professional and related .................................... 23 18 46

Teachers ........................................................ 28 44 16

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 28 57 –

Registered nurses ......................................... 32 9 47

Service ................................................................... 6 10 31

Protective service .............................................. 22 35 22

Sales and office ..................................................... 13 6 55

Sales and related ............................................... 8 2 62

Office and administrative support ...................... 17 9 51

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 14 11 43

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 12 14 37

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 15 7 50

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 14 8 51

Production ......................................................... 15 3 56

Transportation and material moving .................. 13 12 47

Full time ................................................................. 18 12 51

Part time ................................................................ 4 5 32

Union ..................................................................... 33 46 16

Nonunion ............................................................... 12 5 51

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 4 4 37

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1 3 30

Second 25 percent ............................................ 12 8 52

Third 25 percent ................................................ 18 12 52

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 29 17 46

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 32 12 49

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 17 4 55

Service-providing industries .................................. 15 11 45

Education and health services ........................... 18 21 40

Educational services ...................................... 28 45 15

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 26 59 5

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 39 23 28

Health care and social assistance ................. 13 6 55

Hospitals .................................................... 32 10 49

Public administration ......................................... 34 54 4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 3. Retirement benefit combinations: Access, civilian

workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Defined

benefit and

defined

contribution

Defined

benefit only

Defined

contribution

only

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 6 5 47

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 5 4 45

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 10 10 53

100 workers or more .............................................. 25 16 46

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 14 12 56

500 workers or more .......................................... 37 19 36

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 17 12 42

New England ..................................................... 12 11 51

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 19 12 38

South ..................................................................... 15 9 47

South Atlantic .................................................... 18 5 50

East South Central ............................................ 17 10 44

West South Central ........................................... 9 13 44

Midwest ................................................................. 16 10 48

East North Central ............................................. 18 9 48

West North Central ............................................ 13 12 47

West ...................................................................... 12 12 48

Mountain ............................................................ 12 12 51

Pacific ................................................................ 12 12 46

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of

Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further

explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 3. Standard errors for retirement benefit combinations:

Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Defined

benefit and

defined

contribution

Defined

benefit only

Defined

contribution

only

All workers ............................................................. 0.4 0.3 0.8

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.8 0.6 1.3

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.2 0.4 1.4

Professional and related .................................... 0.9 0.9 1.7

Teachers ........................................................ 1.2 2.1 2.3

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.5 2.6 –

Registered nurses ......................................... 4.0 1.3 3.9

Service ................................................................... 0.4 0.6 1.8

Protective service .............................................. 1.7 3.2 3.5

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.7 0.2 1.1

Sales and related ............................................... 0.7 0.3 1.8

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.9 0.4 1.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.1 1.1 1.9

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.7 1.8 2.8

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.3 0.8 2.5

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.8 0.8 1.6

Production ......................................................... 1.1 0.5 1.8

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.1 1.4 2.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.5 0.3 0.8

Part time ................................................................ 0.4 0.5 1.6

Union ..................................................................... 1.2 1.2 1.3

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.4 0.2 0.9

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.3 0.4 1.4

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 0.2 0.3 2.3

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.6 0.6 1.4

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.9 0.6 1.1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.9 0.7 1.4

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.4 0.9 2.2

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.0 0.5 1.7

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.5 0.3 0.9

Education and health services ........................... 1.0 1.0 1.8

Educational services ...................................... 0.9 1.3 0.8

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.0 1.2 0.7

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.8 1.9 1.3

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.5 1.0 2.9

Hospitals .................................................... 3.8 1.6 3.7

Public administration ......................................... 1.2 1.2 0.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 3. Standard errors for retirement benefit combinations:

Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Defined

benefit and

defined

contribution

Defined

benefit only

Defined

contribution

only

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.3 0.3 1.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.4 0.4 1.4

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.0 0.8 2.3

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.7 0.5 0.9

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.6 0.8 1.4

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.2 0.8 1.3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.1 0.7 2.0

New England ..................................................... 1.5 1.0 3.6

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.4 0.9 2.1

South ..................................................................... 0.7 0.4 1.3

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.0 0.4 1.8

East South Central ............................................ 1.5 1.3 2.4

West South Central ........................................... 0.9 1.0 2.9

Midwest ................................................................. 0.8 0.4 1.8

East North Central ............................................. 0.7 0.4 2.5

West North Central ............................................ 2.1 0.8 1.8

West ...................................................................... 0.7 0.8 1.6

Mountain ............................................................ 1.7 1.6 3.6

Pacific ................................................................ 0.8 0.9 1.7

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of

Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further

explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 5. Defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard frozen plans, civilian

workers,1 March 2021

(All workers participating in defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics Open plans2

Soft frozen3

All Hard frozen4

participants

still accruing

benefits

Some

participants

still accruing

benefits

All workers ............................................................. 51 39 2 8

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 45 44 3 8

Management, business, and financial ............... 44 36 4 17

Professional and related .................................... 45 47 2 5

Teachers ........................................................ 45 55 5 ( ) 5 ( )

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 45 54 – –

Registered nurses ......................................... 56 30 6 8

Service ................................................................... 59 39 – –

Protective service .............................................. 52 45 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 47 37 2 13

Sales and related ............................................... 45 20 4 31

Office and administrative support ...................... 48 40 2 10

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 72 24 1 3

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 80 18 – –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 60 33 2 6

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 56 33 3 8

Production ......................................................... 37 41 7 15

Transportation and material moving .................. 68 28 1 3

Full time ................................................................. 50 40 2 8

Part time ................................................................ 64 32 1 3

Union ..................................................................... 56 41 5 () 2

Nonunion ............................................................... 47 37 4 12

Average wage within the following categories:6

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 54 41 1 4

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 59 39 – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 55 36 2 8

Third 25 percent ................................................ 52 38 2 7

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 48 41 3 9

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 41 44 3 12

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 48 31 9 12

Service-providing industries .................................. 52 40 1 7

Education and health services ........................... 49 48 1 2

Educational services ...................................... 44 56 – –

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 44 55 5 ( ) 5 ( )

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 42 57 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 63 28 3 6

Hospitals .................................................... 55 30 6 10

Public administration ......................................... 47 52 – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5. Defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard frozen plans, civilian

workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers participating in defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics Open plans2

Soft frozen3

All Hard frozen4

participants

still accruing

benefits

Some

participants

still accruing

benefits

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 57 36 1 6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 56 34 1 9

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 58 38 – –

100 workers or more .............................................. 49 40 3 8

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 56 36 2 6

500 workers or more .......................................... 46 42 3 9

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 48 40 3 9

New England ..................................................... 44 38 2 15

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 49 41 3 7

South ..................................................................... 50 41 3 7

South Atlantic .................................................... 57 33 2 7

East South Central ............................................ 37 51 5 7

West South Central ........................................... 44 49 2 5

Midwest ................................................................. 54 36 2 8

East North Central ............................................. 54 36 2 8

West North Central ............................................ 54 36 – –

West ...................................................................... 53 38 1 7

Mountain ............................................................ 51 41 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 54 37 – –

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Plans open to new participants. 3 New employees are not allowed in the plan. Benefit accruals may continue for existing participants. 4 Participants in these plans stop accruing benefits on the date the plan is frozen. The benefit the employee receives is

calculated as of the day the plan was frozen. 5 Less than 0.5. 6 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did

not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 5. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard

frozen plans, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics Open plans2

Soft frozen3

All Hard frozen4

participants

still accruing

benefits

Some

participants

still accruing

benefits

All workers ............................................................. 1.2 0.9 0.3 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.7 1.4 0.5 0.8

Management, business, and financial ............... 3.1 2.0 0.9 1.7

Professional and related .................................... 1.9 1.7 0.4 0.6

Teachers ........................................................ 2.0 2.0 0.1 5 ( )

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.2 2.2 – –

Registered nurses ......................................... 7.5 4.6 2.2 2.7

Service ................................................................... 2.1 1.8 – –

Protective service .............................................. 1.8 1.9 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.8 1.2 0.5 1.5

Sales and related ............................................... 4.5 2.5 1.5 4.4

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.9 1.3 0.5 1.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.3 2.2 0.5 0.7

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.4 2.4 – –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 3.4 3.0 0.9 1.5

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 3.3 2.9 0.7 1.2

Production ......................................................... 5.2 4.7 1.7 2.2

Transportation and material moving .................. 3.6 3.4 0.3 1.1

Full time ................................................................. 1.1 0.9 0.3 0.6

Part time ................................................................ 3.2 2.9 0.3 0.8

Union ..................................................................... 1.3 1.3 0.1 0.3

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.8 1.2 0.5 1.0

Average wage within the following categories:6

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 3.2 2.7 0.3 1.1

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 4.5 4.3 – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.8 1.5 0.3 1.2

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.9 1.6 0.5 0.6

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.5 1.3 0.4 0.9

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.9 1.7 0.5 1.3

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 3.1 2.9 1.4 1.4

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.3 0.9 0.3 0.6

Education and health services ........................... 1.9 1.7 0.4 0.3

Educational services ...................................... 1.4 1.4 – –

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.6 1.7 0.1 5 ( )

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.8 1.8 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 4.5 3.2 1.3 1.3

Hospitals .................................................... 4.2 2.8 1.7 2.2

Public administration ......................................... 1.3 1.3 – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard

frozen plans, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics Open plans2

Soft frozen3

All Hard frozen4

participants

still accruing

benefits

Some

participants

still accruing

benefits

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.1 1.8 0.5 0.7

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3.2 3.0 0.5 1.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.3 1.9 – –

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.4 1.1 0.4 0.7

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2.6 2.0 0.6 1.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.8 1.4 0.5 0.9

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 3.8 2.6 0.8 1.3

New England ..................................................... 6.0 3.3 0.7 4.4

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 4.4 3.1 1.0 1.1

South ..................................................................... 1.4 1.2 0.4 0.9

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.9 1.4 0.6 1.4

East South Central ............................................ 4.7 5.0 1.0 2.4

West South Central ........................................... 1.8 1.4 0.8 0.9

Midwest ................................................................. 2.5 1.8 0.8 1.5

East North Central ............................................. 3.1 2.0 0.7 2.1

West North Central ............................................ 3.9 3.4 – –

West ...................................................................... 2.0 1.6 0.5 1.0

Mountain ............................................................ 4.6 4.4 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 2.0 1.4 – –

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Plans open to new participants. 3 New employees are not allowed in the plan. Benefit accruals may continue for existing participants. 4 Participants in these plans stop accruing benefits on the date the plan is frozen. The benefit the employee receives is

calculated as of the day the plan was frozen. 5 Less than 0.05. 6 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 6. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Selected attributes, civilian

workers,2 March 2021

(All workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Time since plan closed to new workers or stopped

accruing benefits3

Less than 6

years 6 to 10 years 11 to 15years

Greater

than 15

years

All workers ............................................................. 6 42 33 20

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 6 43 31 20

Management, business, and financial ............... 11 34 34 21

Professional and related .................................... 4 46 31 20

Teachers ........................................................ 2 54 23 21

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2 57 23 19

Registered nurses ......................................... 6 38 33 23

Service ................................................................... – 55 27 –

Protective service .............................................. – 61 25 –

Sales and office ..................................................... 7 40 35 19

Sales and related ............................................... – 25 53 –

Office and administrative support ...................... 8 42 32 19

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 4 36 42 18

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 36 40 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2 36 43 19

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 10 27 39 23

Production ......................................................... – 28 46 –

Transportation and material moving .................. 13 27 31 29

Full time ................................................................. 6 41 33 20

Part time ................................................................ 7 48 28 17

Union ..................................................................... 3 51 28 18

Nonunion ............................................................... 8 35 36 21

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 4 45 31 21

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 43 35 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 7 43 34 16

Third 25 percent ................................................ 6 43 31 20

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 6 40 34 21

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 7 40 35 19

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 5 25 52 17

Service-providing industries .................................. 6 44 30 20

Education and health services ........................... 3 49 26 22

Educational services ...................................... 3 50 25 22

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 2 52 25 21

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 5 44 25 26

Health care and social assistance ................. – 45 31 –

Hospitals .................................................... 6 41 29 25

Public administration ......................................... 1 59 25 16

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Selected attributes, civilian

workers,2 March 2021—continued

(All workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Time since plan closed to new workers or stopped

accruing benefits3

Less than 6

years 6 to 10 years 11 to 15years

Greater

than 15

years

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 7 47 29 17

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 9 41 34 16

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 3 55 23 19

100 workers or more .............................................. 6 40 34 20

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 7 43 35 16

500 workers or more .......................................... 5 39 33 22

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 5 34 36 25

New England ..................................................... – 46 – 30

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 6 31 39 24

South ..................................................................... 4 42 34 20

South Atlantic .................................................... 2 54 32 13

East South Central ............................................ – 53 30 –

West South Central ........................................... 6 20 41 34

Midwest ................................................................. – 40 30 –

East North Central ............................................. – 41 26 –

West North Central ............................................ 5 36 38 21

West ...................................................................... 5 52 30 13

Mountain ............................................................ 3 43 39 15

Pacific ................................................................ 6 56 25 12

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 3 The length of time is calculated based on the year the plan was modified. For example, plans frozen between January

2016 and January 2021 are included in the "Less than 6 years" column. Those frozen between 2011 and 2015 are included in

the "6 to 10 years" column. Those frozen between 2006 and 2010 are included in the “11 to 15 years” column, and those

frozen on or before 2005 are included in the "Greater than 15 years" column. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data

did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 6. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Selected

attributes, civilian workers,2 March 2021

Characteristics

Time since plan closed to new workers or stopped

accruing benefits3

Less than 6

years 6 to 10 years 11 to 15years

Greater

than 15

years

All workers ............................................................. 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.8

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.2 1.4 1.3 0.9

Management, business, and financial ............... 2.3 1.9 2.3 1.9

Professional and related .................................... 0.9 1.6 1.4 0.9

Teachers ........................................................ 0.4 1.5 1.1 0.9

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 0.4 1.7 1.5 1.1

Registered nurses ......................................... 2.7 6.4 4.3 5.2

Service ................................................................... – 2.8 2.3 –

Protective service .............................................. – 3.8 3.8 –

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.1 1.9 2.0 1.8

Sales and related ............................................... – 4.2 6.1 –

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.2 2.0 2.0 1.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.8 3.6 4.7 3.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 5.0 6.2 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.2 4.9 6.3 3.8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 2.7 3.9 3.6 2.8

Production ......................................................... – 5.0 5.0 –

Transportation and material moving .................. 3.9 4.9 4.2 2.9

Full time ................................................................. 1.0 1.3 1.0 0.8

Part time ................................................................ 1.9 3.9 3.0 2.4

Union ..................................................................... 0.6 1.6 1.5 1.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.1

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.6 3.1 3.0 2.4

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 5.5 5.9 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 2.7 2.4 1.4

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.9 1.7 1.6 1.2

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.1

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.4 1.9 1.7 1.5

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 2.4 3.1 3.8 2.8

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.1 1.3 1.0 0.8

Education and health services ........................... 0.7 1.6 1.1 1.2

Educational services ...................................... 0.5 1.2 1.1 1.1

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.5 1.3 1.5 1.1

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.2 3.6 1.6 2.9

Health care and social assistance ................. – 5.7 3.4 –

Hospitals .................................................... 2.4 6.2 4.6 4.6

Public administration ......................................... 0.4 1.9 1.9 0.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Selected

attributes, civilian workers,2 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Time since plan closed to new workers or stopped

accruing benefits3

Less than 6

years 6 to 10 years 11 to 15years

Greater

than 15

years

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.5 2.4 2.2 2.3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.4 3.4 3.4 3.1

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.1 3.6 2.9 3.2

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.0 1.4 1.2 0.8

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.3 2.2 2.1 1.4

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.2 1.5 1.4 0.9

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.8 2.0 1.7 2.0

New England ..................................................... – 3.2 – 3.4

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.1 2.4 1.8 2.3

South ..................................................................... 1.0 2.0 1.5 1.2

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.7 2.7 1.9 2.0

East South Central ............................................ – 4.9 3.2 –

West South Central ........................................... 2.0 1.4 2.7 1.5

Midwest ................................................................. – 3.3 2.9 –

East North Central ............................................. – 4.0 2.9 –

West North Central ............................................ 1.9 6.0 6.0 2.6

West ...................................................................... 0.8 2.3 2.4 1.0

Mountain ............................................................ 1.2 4.3 3.7 2.0

Pacific ................................................................ 1.0 2.6 2.9 1.2

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 3 The length of time is calculated based on the year the plan was modified. For example, plans frozen between January

2016 and January 2021 are included in the "Less than 6 years" column. Those frozen between 2011 and 2015 are included in

the "6 to 10 years" column. Those frozen between 2006 and 2010 are included in the “11 to 15 years” column, and those

frozen on or before 2005 are included in the "Greater than 15 years" column. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 7. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Distribution of time2 since plan

closed to new workers or stopped accruing benefits, civilian workers,3 March 2021

(Includes workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans)

Characteristics 10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 7 9 11 14 19

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 7 9 11 14 20

Management, business, and financial ............... 5 8 11 14 20

Professional and related .................................... 8 9 11 14 20

Teachers ........................................................ 8 9 10 14 20

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 8 9 10 14 16

Registered nurses ......................................... 7 9 11 15 22

Service ................................................................... 7 9 10 13 18

Protective service .............................................. 8 9 10 12 18

Sales and office ..................................................... 7 9 11 14 18

Sales and related ............................................... 9 10 12 15 19

Office and administrative support ...................... 6 9 11 14 18

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 8 9 12 14 20

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 8 9 12 14 21

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 7 9 12 14 20

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 5 9 13 15 18

Production ......................................................... 6 9 13 15 17

Transportation and material moving .................. 5 9 12 16 20

Full time ................................................................. 7 9 11 14 19

Part time ................................................................ 7 9 10 14 20

Union ..................................................................... 8 9 10 14 25

Nonunion ............................................................... 6 9 12 15 18

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 7 9 11 14 17

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 8 10 12 14 16

Second 25 percent ............................................ 6 9 10 14 17

Third 25 percent ................................................ 7 9 11 14 19

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 7 9 11 14 20

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 7 9 11 14 20

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 7 10 13 14 17

Service-providing industries .................................. 7 9 10 14 20

Education and health services ........................... 7 9 10 14 20

Educational services ...................................... 8 9 10 14 20

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 8 9 10 14 20

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 8 9 11 16 25

Health care and social assistance ................. 6 8 10 14 19

Hospitals .................................................... 6 9 11 15 21

Public administration ......................................... 8 9 10 12 22

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Distribution of time2 since plan

closed to new workers or stopped accruing benefits, civilian workers,3 March

2021—continued

(Includes workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans)

Characteristics 10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 7 8 10 14 18

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 6 8 10 13 17

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 8 9 10 14 20

100 workers or more .............................................. 7 9 11 14 20

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 6 9 11 14 18

500 workers or more .......................................... 7 9 11 15 20

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 8 9 11 16 31

New England ..................................................... 9 9 11 17 25

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 7 10 12 15 31

South ..................................................................... 7 9 11 14 16

South Atlantic .................................................... 7 9 10 12 17

East South Central ............................................ 7 8 10 13 16

West South Central ........................................... – 10 13 16 16

Midwest ................................................................. – 9 10 14 20

East North Central ............................................. – 9 10 14 20

West North Central ............................................ 6 9 11 14 26

West ...................................................................... 8 8 10 12 16

Mountain ............................................................ 8 10 11 14 16

Pacific ................................................................ 7 8 8 12 17

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 The distribution is based on the year the plan was frozen since 1990. Estimates for 31 years may include plans frozen prior to

1990. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th

percentile or median, half of participating workers are in plans frozen the same or longer than the year shown, and half are in plans

frozen the same as or less than the year shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers are in plans frozen the

same or less than the year shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation

Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 7. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement frozen plans:1 Distribution of

time2 since plan closed to new workers or stopped accruing benefits, civilian workers,3

March 2021

Characteristics 10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.2

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.4 1.0 0.0 1.4 1.1

Professional and related .................................... 0.7 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.0

Teachers ........................................................ 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 2.0

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.5

Registered nurses ......................................... 0.8 0.8 0.2 1.5 2.5

Service ................................................................... 1.3 0.9 0.0 1.3 1.3

Protective service .............................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.1

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.5

Sales and related ............................................... 0.0 1.6 1.1 0.0 1.4

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.6 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.3

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 0.8 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.9

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 0.0 0.9 1.4 0.0 4.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.0 0.8 0.2 0.9 1.1

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.4 0.7 1.3 0.5 0.0

Production ......................................................... 0.8 2.1 0.5 1.3 0.7

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.0 0.4 1.4 0.0 1.4

Full time ................................................................. 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 1.3 1.1 0.0 1.0 2.3

Union ..................................................................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.2 0.0 1.4 1.3 0.2

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.7 0.0 0.8 0.3 0.0

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 0.0 0.5 0.9 1.4 0.4

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.6 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.2

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.5 0.3 0.9 0.7 1.3

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.2

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.8 0.0 0.4 0.4 1.2

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.3 0.0 1.3 0.0 0.9

Education and health services ........................... 1.4 0.3 0.0 0.0 1.1

Educational services ...................................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.0 0.4 1.0 1.1 5.2

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.2 2.3

Hospitals .................................................... 1.4 0.9 0.5 1.6 2.9

Public administration ......................................... 0.9 0.8 0.0 0.0 1.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement frozen plans:1 Distribution of

time2 since plan closed to new workers or stopped accruing benefits, civilian workers,3

March 2021—continued

Characteristics 10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.4 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.1 0.0 1.2 0.8 1.3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.4 2.3

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 1.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.2 0.0 1.0 0.0 1.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.5 0.5 1.4 1.1 0.0

New England ..................................................... 0.0 0.0 1.1 1.8 5.3

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.0 0.5 1.3 1.3 0.0

South ..................................................................... 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.6 0.4

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.8 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.4

East South Central ............................................ 0.0 0.0 1.3 1.2 0.7

West South Central ........................................... – 1.1 1.2 0.0 0.0

Midwest ................................................................. – 1.2 1.2 0.0 0.0

East North Central ............................................. – 1.3 0.0 0.0 1.3

West North Central ............................................ 0.0 1.4 1.3 0.8 7.3

West ...................................................................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2

Mountain ............................................................ 0.3 0.0 0.4 1.4 0.0

Pacific ................................................................ 1.1 0.0 1.3 0.0 1.1

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 The distribution is based on the year the plan was frozen since 1990. Estimates for 31 years may include plans frozen prior to

1990. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th

percentile or median, half of participating workers are in plans frozen the same or longer than the year shown, and half are in plans

frozen the same as or less than the year shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers are in plans frozen the

same or less than the year shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation

Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 8. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Plan alternatives, civilian workers,2 March 2021

(All workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

No

alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives to frozen plans3

Modified

existing

defined

benefit plan

New defined

benefit plan

Enhanced

existing

defined

contribution

plan

New defined

contribution

plan

All workers ............................................................. 3 97 58 11 20 21

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 2 98 63 9 20 19

Management, business, and financial ............... 1 99 39 14 35 24

Professional and related .................................... 2 98 71 8 15 17

Teachers ........................................................ – 100 93 4 1 17

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 100 94 5 1 17

Service ................................................................... 2 98 79 7 10 17

Sales and office ..................................................... 4 96 46 10 28 24

Sales and related ............................................... 8 92 – 8 52 32

Office and administrative support ...................... 4 96 52 11 24 23

Natural resources, construction, and

maintenance:

 Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ................................................................. – 100 59 27 6 –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 6 94 27 21 24 37

Transportation and material moving .................. 9 91 42 13 – 33

Full time ................................................................. 2 98 57 12 21 22

Part time ................................................................ 15 85 61 6 14 15

Nonunion ............................................................... 4 96 44 12 29 22

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 7 93 64 10 14 20

Second 25 percent ............................................ 4 96 52 11 26 22

Third 25 percent ................................................ 3 97 57 12 14 27

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2 98 59 11 23 18

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1 99 51 11 30 21

Service-providing industries .................................. 3 97 64 9 17 19

Education and health services ........................... 2 98 83 5 7 17

Educational services ...................................... – 100 93 4 2 16

Elementary and secondary schools ........... – 100 95 4 1 16

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 100 89 2 – 17

Health care and social assistance ................. 10 90 44 8 26 21

Public administration ......................................... – 100 90 7 – 18

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 8. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Plan alternatives, civilian workers,2 March

2021—continued

(All workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

No

alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives to frozen plans3

Modified

existing

defined

benefit plan

New defined

benefit plan

Enhanced

existing

defined

contribution

plan

New defined

contribution

plan

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2 98 60 11 18 19

100 workers or more .............................................. 3 97 57 11 21 22

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 4 96 58 11 17 24

500 workers or more .......................................... 2 98 56 12 22 21

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2 98 60 9 17 24

South ..................................................................... 3 97 57 13 21 25

South Atlantic .................................................... 3 97 47 16 23 34

Midwest ................................................................. 4 96 50 13 21 21

East North Central ............................................. 5 95 46 13 25 24

West North Central ............................................ 3 97 58 14 13 14

West ...................................................................... 2 98 63 9 22 13

Pacific ................................................................ 1 99 63 9 22 12

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 3 The sum of the individual components may be greater than the total because some employers offer more than one alternative. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings

both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication

criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 8. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Plan alternatives, civilian

workers,2 March 2021

Characteristics

No

alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives to frozen plans

Modified

existing

defined

benefit plan

New defined

benefit plan

Enhanced

existing

defined

contribution

plan

New defined

contribution

plan

All workers ............................................................. 0.4 0.4 1.2 0.7 1.2 1.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.4 0.4 1.5 0.8 1.5 1.2

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.5 0.5 2.2 1.8 2.6 2.3

Professional and related .................................... 0.6 0.6 1.4 0.8 1.4 1.2

Teachers ........................................................ – 0.0 1.3 1.1 0.2 1.2

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 0.0 1.5 1.2 0.2 1.4

Service ................................................................... 0.4 0.4 2.4 1.4 2.3 1.5

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.8 0.8 1.9 1.0 2.4 1.8

Sales and related ............................................... 2.8 2.8 – 2.6 6.0 5.3

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.8 0.8 1.8 1.2 2.2 1.7

Natural resources, construction, and

maintenance:

 Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ................................................................. – 0.0 6.8 7.3 2.8 –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 2.0 2.0 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.7

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.8 2.8 5.3 2.9 – 3.8

Full time ................................................................. 0.4 0.4 1.3 0.8 1.3 1.1

Part time ................................................................ 2.5 2.5 3.6 2.1 2.4 2.4

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.6 0.6 1.3 1.0 1.8 1.4

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.6 1.6 3.5 3.0 2.1 2.5

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.9 0.9 2.2 1.3 3.1 1.4

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.6 0.6 1.6 1.2 1.1 1.8

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.4 0.4 1.6 1.0 1.7 1.2

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.3 0.3 2.2 1.5 2.4 1.9

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.4 0.4 1.4 0.7 1.3 0.9

Education and health services ........................... 0.6 0.6 1.9 0.9 1.9 1.3

Educational services ...................................... – 0.0 0.8 0.9 0.2 1.2

Elementary and secondary schools ........... – 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.2 1.4

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 0.0 1.4 1.1 – 2.1

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.0 3.0 4.1 2.9 7.6 4.7

Public administration ......................................... – 0.0 1.3 0.8 – 1.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 8. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Plan alternatives, civilian

workers,2 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

No

alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives to frozen plans

Modified

existing

defined

benefit plan

New defined

benefit plan

Enhanced

existing

defined

contribution

plan

New defined

contribution

plan

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.8 0.8 2.9 1.9 3.5 2.1

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.5 0.5 1.3 0.8 1.3 1.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.1 1.1 2.7 1.4 2.2 2.5

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.5 0.5 1.5 1.0 1.5 1.3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.0 1.0 2.5 1.1 1.6 2.1

South ..................................................................... 0.8 0.8 2.1 1.6 3.0 2.0

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.0 1.0 2.9 3.2 5.0 3.6

Midwest ................................................................. 0.8 0.8 3.0 1.3 2.0 2.2

East North Central ............................................. 1.1 1.1 3.8 1.9 2.6 2.8

West North Central ............................................ 0.9 0.9 3.8 1.4 2.3 3.2

West ...................................................................... 0.6 0.6 1.9 1.3 2.0 1.8

Pacific ................................................................ 0.4 0.4 2.3 1.6 2.1 1.9

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings

both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms,

see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 9. Defined contribution retirement plans: Selected attributes, civilian

workers,1 March 2021

(All workers participating in defined contribution plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee contribution Employee contribution

option

Required Not required Pretax Not pretax

All workers ............................................................. 72 28 85 15

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 71 29 84 16

Management, business, and financial ............... 73 27 84 16

Professional and related .................................... 70 30 84 16

Teachers ........................................................ 69 31 87 13

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 70 30 89 11

Registered nurses ......................................... 65 35 90 10

Service ................................................................... 71 29 86 14

Protective service .............................................. 66 34 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 73 27 85 15

Sales and related ............................................... 80 20 87 13

Office and administrative support ...................... 69 31 84 16

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 70 30 85 15

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 64 36 82 18

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 75 25 87 13

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 72 28 83 17

Production ......................................................... 72 28 85 15

Transportation and material moving .................. 72 28 82 18

Full time ................................................................. 71 29 85 15

Part time ................................................................ 72 28 83 17

Union ..................................................................... 59 41 79 21

Nonunion ............................................................... 73 27 85 15

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 76 24 87 13

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 79 21 84 16

Second 25 percent ............................................ 72 28 85 15

Third 25 percent ................................................ 69 31 84 16

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 71 29 84 16

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 72 28 84 16

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 71 29 84 16

Service-providing industries .................................. 72 28 85 15

Education and health services ........................... 65 35 84 16

Educational services ...................................... 67 33 88 12

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 69 31 91 9

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 65 35 86 14

Health care and social assistance ................. 64 36 83 17

Hospitals .................................................... 63 37 87 13

Public administration ......................................... 65 35 90 10

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 9. Defined contribution retirement plans: Selected attributes, civilian

workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers participating in defined contribution plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee contribution Employee contribution

option

Required Not required Pretax Not pretax

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 72 28 85 15

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 73 27 84 16

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 71 29 87 13

100 workers or more .............................................. 71 29 84 16

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 75 25 85 15

500 workers or more .......................................... 68 32 84 16

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 66 34 78 22

New England ..................................................... 70 30 79 21

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 64 36 78 22

South ..................................................................... 77 23 85 15

South Atlantic .................................................... 76 24 84 16

East South Central ............................................ 77 23 85 15

West South Central ........................................... 81 19 87 13

Midwest ................................................................. 72 28 87 13

East North Central ............................................. 71 29 86 14

West North Central ............................................ 74 26 89 11

West ...................................................................... 68 32 86 14

Mountain ............................................................ 74 26 87 13

Pacific ................................................................ 65 35 85 15

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or

data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 9. Standard errors for defined contribution retirement plans: Selected

attributes, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Employee contribution Employee contribution

option

Required Not required Pretax Not pretax

All workers ............................................................. 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.2

Professional and related .................................... 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1

Teachers ........................................................ 2.6 2.6 2.2 2.2

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 4.7 4.7 3.3 3.3

Registered nurses ......................................... 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.8

Service ................................................................... 2.3 2.3 1.8 1.8

Protective service .............................................. 3.6 3.6 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.7

Sales and related ............................................... 1.7 1.7 1.2 1.2

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.5

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.4 3.4 2.7 2.7

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.3 2.3 1.6 1.6

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1

Production ......................................................... 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.4

Transportation and material moving .................. 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1

Full time ................................................................. 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 2.8 2.8 2.1 2.1

Union ..................................................................... 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.1

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.9

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6

Education and health services ........................... 1.9 1.9 1.5 1.5

Educational services ...................................... 1.9 1.9 1.4 1.4

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 3.7 3.7 2.3 2.3

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.4 2.4 1.5 1.5

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.4 2.4 1.8 1.8

Hospitals .................................................... 3.4 3.4 2.8 2.8

Public administration ......................................... 3.1 3.1 1.8 1.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 9. Standard errors for defined contribution retirement plans: Selected

attributes, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Employee contribution Employee contribution

option

Required Not required Pretax Not pretax

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.3 1.3 0.8 0.8

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5

New England ..................................................... 2.3 2.3 3.2 3.2

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5

South ..................................................................... 1.1 1.1 0.8 0.8

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1

East South Central ............................................ 4.2 4.2 2.2 2.2

West South Central ........................................... 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6

Midwest ................................................................. 1.1 1.1 0.7 0.7

East North Central ............................................. 1.1 1.1 0.8 0.8

West North Central ............................................ 2.6 2.6 1.5 1.5

West ...................................................................... 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4

Mountain ............................................................ 2.9 2.9 0.9 0.9

Pacific ................................................................ 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.0

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 10. Healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 civilian workers,2

March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Healthcare3 Medical care

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 73 58 79 73 50 69

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 90 75 84 89 64 72

Management, business, and financial ............... 95 81 85 95 70 74

Professional and related .................................... 87 72 83 87 62 71

Teachers ........................................................ 88 74 84 88 64 73

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 98 82 84 97 71 73

Registered nurses ......................................... 90 73 81 88 61 69

Service ................................................................... 49 32 66 49 27 56

Protective service .............................................. 82 71 87 81 57 70

Sales and office ..................................................... 70 54 76 69 47 68

Sales and related ............................................... 55 39 71 54 35 64

Office and administrative support ...................... 80 63 79 79 54 69

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 77 61 80 77 56 73

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 75 59 79 75 55 74

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 79 64 81 79 57 73

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 77 62 80 77 55 71

Production ......................................................... 81 66 82 81 59 73

Transportation and material moving .................. 74 58 78 74 51 69

Full time ................................................................. 88 71 80 88 62 70

Part time ................................................................ 24 14 57 23 11 49

Union ..................................................................... 95 84 88 95 74 78

Nonunion ............................................................... 70 54 77 69 46 67

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 41 26 63 41 22 55

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 28 15 53 27 12 46

Second 25 percent ............................................ 75 57 76 75 50 67

Third 25 percent ................................................ 88 72 82 88 63 71

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 94 81 86 94 70 74

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 95 84 88 95 72 76

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 85 71 83 85 63 74

Service-providing industries .................................. 71 55 78 71 48 67

Education and health services ........................... 81 63 77 80 54 67

Educational services ...................................... 87 73 84 87 63 73

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 89 75 84 89 65 73

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 90 77 86 90 66 73

Health care and social assistance ................. 78 56 73 77 48 63

Hospitals .................................................... 91 78 85 91 65 71

Public administration ......................................... 91 81 89 91 70 77

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 civilian workers,2 March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Dental care Vision care Outpatient prescription drug

coverage

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 43 34 78 28 22 79 71 49 68

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 59 47 79 36 28 79 88 63 71

Management, business, and financial ............... 66 52 79 39 31 80 94 69 73

Professional and related .................................... 57 44 79 34 26 78 86 60 70

Teachers ........................................................ 52 40 77 32 23 72 87 62 71

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 55 43 77 34 25 74 97 68 71

Registered nurses ......................................... 65 49 74 35 27 78 88 60 68

Service ................................................................... 24 18 74 16 12 73 48 27 56

Protective service .............................................. 55 46 84 43 33 77 78 54 69

Sales and office ..................................................... 39 30 77 25 19 79 68 46 67

Sales and related ............................................... 25 19 74 16 13 77 52 34 64

Office and administrative support ...................... 47 37 78 30 24 79 77 53 69

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 41 33 79 28 23 84 75 55 73

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 34 28 83 24 20 85 74 54 73

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 48 37 77 32 26 82 77 56 73

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 46 38 81 32 27 85 75 53 71

Production ......................................................... 49 40 82 35 30 86 79 57 73

Transportation and material moving .................. 44 35 81 30 25 84 72 50 69

Full time ................................................................. 53 42 79 34 27 80 86 60 70

Part time ................................................................ 12 8 72 8 6 73 23 11 48

Union ..................................................................... 72 61 84 55 46 83 93 71 76

Nonunion ............................................................... 39 30 77 23 18 78 68 45 67

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 16 12 72 11 8 71 40 22 55

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 9 6 64 7 4 59 27 12 45

Second 25 percent ............................................ 41 31 76 26 21 80 73 49 67

Third 25 percent ................................................ 54 43 79 34 27 80 86 61 71

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 66 53 81 43 35 81 93 68 73

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 72 59 81 49 39 80 94 70 75

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 51 42 83 35 30 87 83 61 74

Service-providing industries .................................. 42 32 77 26 20 78 70 47 67

Education and health services ........................... 47 36 75 27 20 74 79 52 66

Educational services ...................................... 55 43 77 33 24 73 86 61 71

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 54 41 77 33 25 74 88 62 70

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 64 49 77 37 26 70 89 65 73

Health care and social assistance ................. 43 32 74 23 17 76 75 47 63

Hospitals .................................................... 73 55 75 41 32 78 89 62 70

Public administration ......................................... 63 52 84 45 37 83 90 68 76

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 civilian workers,2

March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Healthcare3 Medical care

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 60 44 73 59 38 65

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 54 39 72 54 35 64

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 77 59 76 77 51 66

100 workers or more .............................................. 88 73 82 87 62 71

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 85 67 80 84 59 70

500 workers or more .......................................... 92 78 85 91 66 73

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 72 57 80 71 49 69

New England ..................................................... 73 57 78 73 49 67

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 71 57 80 70 49 69

South ..................................................................... 73 55 75 72 48 67

South Atlantic .................................................... 73 55 75 73 48 66

East South Central ............................................ 72 55 77 71 50 70

West South Central ........................................... 72 54 74 72 48 66

Midwest ................................................................. 73 58 79 73 50 69

East North Central ............................................. 73 59 80 73 51 70

West North Central ............................................ 73 56 77 73 47 65

West ...................................................................... 75 62 82 75 53 71

Mountain ............................................................ 75 61 81 74 53 72

Pacific ................................................................ 76 62 83 75 53 71

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 civilian workers,2 March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Dental care Vision care Outpatient prescription drug

coverage

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 29 22 76 19 15 79 58 37 65

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 26 19 74 17 14 79 53 34 64

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 43 34 79 25 20 78 75 49 66

100 workers or more .............................................. 58 46 80 37 29 79 86 61 71

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 50 40 79 31 25 81 83 58 70

500 workers or more .......................................... 67 53 80 42 33 78 90 65 72

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 45 35 78 28 22 76 69 46 67

New England ..................................................... 43 33 77 15 12 79 69 47 67

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 46 36 78 33 25 76 69 46 67

South ..................................................................... 34 26 76 21 16 74 72 48 67

South Atlantic .................................................... 36 27 76 22 16 74 72 48 66

East South Central ............................................ 28 21 75 18 14 79 71 49 70

West South Central ........................................... 33 25 76 21 15 73 71 47 66

Midwest ................................................................. 47 37 79 27 22 80 71 48 68

East North Central ............................................. 47 37 79 30 24 80 71 50 70

West North Central ............................................ 47 36 77 22 18 80 70 45 64

West ...................................................................... 53 42 80 38 32 85 74 52 71

Mountain ............................................................ 48 38 79 26 22 83 73 53 72

Pacific ................................................................ 55 44 81 43 36 85 74 52 70

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm

for further explanation. 3 Healthcare is a collective term for the following benefits: medical, dental, and vision care benefits, and outpatient prescription drug coverage. If workers have access to or

participate in at least one of these benefits, they are considered as having access to or participating in healthcare. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 10. Standard errors for healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1

civilian workers,2 March 2021

Characteristics

Healthcare3 Medical care

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.5

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.7

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.9

Professional and related .................................... 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.9

Teachers ........................................................ 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.1

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 0.7 1.5 1.5 0.8 1.5 1.5

Registered nurses ......................................... 1.2 2.3 2.7 1.7 2.1 2.1

Service ................................................................... 1.7 1.4 2.1 1.7 1.3 2.0

Protective service .............................................. 2.2 1.9 1.7 2.1 2.3 2.7

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.0 1.0 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.8

Sales and related ............................................... 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 2.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.5

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.2

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.8 2.0 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.7

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.5 1.3 0.9 1.5 1.2 1.0

Production ......................................................... 2.1 2.0 1.3 2.1 1.9 1.3

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.3 1.9 1.4 2.3 1.7 1.4

Full time ................................................................. 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.4

Part time ................................................................ 1.0 0.8 3.2 1.1 0.8 3.2

Union ..................................................................... 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.5 1.0 0.9

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.1 0.9 1.5 1.0 0.9 1.7

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.8 1.4 3.9 1.8 1.3 3.9

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.9

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.7

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.9

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.9

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.6

Education and health services ........................... 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.0

Educational services ...................................... 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.9 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.0 1.1 0.7 1.0 1.1 0.9

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.1 2.1 1.5 2.2 2.1 1.6

Hospitals .................................................... 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.8 1.6

Public administration ......................................... 0.8 1.1 1.2 0.9 1.4 1.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Standard errors for healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 civilian workers,2 March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Dental care Vision care Outpatient prescription drug

coverage

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.1 0.9 0.7 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.8 1.5 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.9 0.9

Professional and related .................................... 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 0.9

Teachers ........................................................ 2.1 1.8 1.2 1.7 1.6 2.0 1.1 1.3 1.0

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.9 2.6 1.7 2.6 2.3 2.6 1.0 1.5 1.4

Registered nurses ......................................... 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.5 2.0 1.7 2.1 2.1

Service ................................................................... 1.3 1.2 2.3 1.2 1.0 3.1 1.8 1.3 1.9

Protective service .............................................. 4.1 3.3 1.3 3.6 2.7 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.8

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.8

Sales and related ............................................... 1.0 0.9 1.6 1.2 1.1 2.0 1.7 1.6 2.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.3 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.0 0.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.9 1.5 1.3 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.4

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.4 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.9 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.2

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.1 1.6 1.8 2.2 2.0 2.2 2.0 2.0 1.6

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.6 1.3 1.0 1.8 1.5 0.9 1.5 1.2 1.0

Production ......................................................... 2.4 1.8 1.2 3.2 2.8 1.2 2.2 2.0 1.3

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.6 2.3 1.6 1.9 1.7 1.3 2.3 1.6 1.3

Full time ................................................................. 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4

Part time ................................................................ 0.7 0.8 3.5 0.8 0.7 4.4 1.1 0.8 3.2

Union ..................................................................... 1.7 1.8 0.8 1.7 1.6 1.1 0.8 1.1 0.9

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.6

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.8 0.6 1.5 0.7 0.5 3.0 1.0 0.8 1.7

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.0 0.8 5.3 0.9 0.5 6.4 1.7 1.2 3.9

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 1.2 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.1

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.4 1.1 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.1 1.0 0.8 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.7

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.9 1.6 1.0 1.8 1.8 1.3 0.8 1.0 0.9

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.7 1.4 0.9 1.6 1.4 0.9 1.2 1.2 0.9

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6

Education and health services ........................... 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.0

Educational services ...................................... 1.3 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.8

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.8 1.7 1.3 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.1 1.2 1.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.2 1.9 1.5 2.2 1.7 2.5 1.1 1.2 1.0

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.4 1.4 3.0 2.2 2.0 1.7

Hospitals .................................................... 3.0 2.4 1.7 2.9 2.4 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.6

Public administration ......................................... 2.3 1.9 1.0 2.0 1.8 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Standard errors for healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1

civilian workers,2 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Healthcare3 Medical care

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.1 1.1 1.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.7

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.5

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.0 1.2 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.6

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.3 0.9

New England ..................................................... 3.2 3.4 1.7 3.2 2.7 1.4

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.4 1.5 1.2

South ..................................................................... 1.1 1.2 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.8

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.2

East South Central ............................................ 2.7 1.5 2.4 2.7 1.7 1.5

West South Central ........................................... 2.3 2.6 1.5 2.3 2.2 1.3

Midwest ................................................................. 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 0.9

East North Central ............................................. 1.1 1.6 1.7 1.1 1.1 1.1

West North Central ............................................ 2.8 3.0 1.4 2.9 2.9 1.8

West ...................................................................... 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.7 1.3

Mountain ............................................................ 2.1 2.5 2.6 2.1 2.2 1.8

Pacific ................................................................ 1.6 1.9 1.6 1.6 2.2 1.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Standard errors for healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 civilian workers,2 March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Dental care Vision care Outpatient prescription drug

coverage

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.1 0.8 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.7 1.1 1.1 1.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.3 2.0 1.6 1.7 1.4 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.6

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.1 0.9 0.6 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.7 1.4 0.9 1.6 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.9

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.7 1.3 0.8 1.5 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.6

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.8 1.6 1.9 1.3 1.2 1.0

New England ..................................................... 3.5 2.8 1.5 2.2 1.6 1.5 2.4 2.1 1.4

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.6 1.5 1.8 2.0 1.9 2.3 1.5 1.4 1.3

South ..................................................................... 1.1 0.8 0.6 1.0 0.8 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.8

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.5 1.1 0.8 1.6 1.2 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.2

East South Central ............................................ 2.6 1.8 1.6 0.8 0.7 1.4 2.8 1.6 1.6

West South Central ........................................... 2.1 1.5 0.9 1.3 1.2 2.6 2.4 2.3 1.2

Midwest ................................................................. 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.9

East North Central ............................................. 1.5 1.2 0.8 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2

West North Central ............................................ 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.1 2.2 3.2 2.5 2.4 1.6

West ...................................................................... 1.3 1.4 1.2 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.3

Mountain ............................................................ 2.4 2.0 1.3 1.3 1.2 2.9 2.0 1.9 1.6

Pacific ................................................................ 1.6 1.9 1.6 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.5 2.0 1.7

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm

for further explanation. 3 Healthcare is a collective term for the following benefits: medical, dental, and vision care benefits, and outpatient prescription drug coverage. If workers have access to or

participate in at least one of these benefits, they are considered as having access to or participating in healthcare. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 11. Medical care benefits: Share of premiums paid by employer and

employee, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(In percent)

Characteristics

Single coverage Family coverage

Employer

share

Employee

share

Employer

share

Employee

share

All workers ............................................................. 80 20 67 33

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 80 20 68 32

Management, business, and financial ............... 78 22 67 33

Professional and related .................................... 81 19 68 32

Teachers ........................................................ 83 17 65 35

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 84 16 63 37

Registered nurses ......................................... 82 18 71 29

Service ................................................................... 80 20 63 37

Protective service .............................................. 85 15 75 25

Sales and office ..................................................... 79 21 66 34

Sales and related ............................................... 76 24 63 37

Office and administrative support ...................... 81 19 67 33

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 79 21 68 32

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 79 21 69 31

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 78 22 67 33

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 78 22 70 30

Production ......................................................... 78 22 71 29

Transportation and material moving .................. 78 22 68 32

Full time ................................................................. 80 20 67 33

Part time ................................................................ 80 20 68 32

Union ..................................................................... 84 16 79 21

Nonunion ............................................................... 79 21 64 36

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 78 22 61 39

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 76 24 54 46

Second 25 percent ............................................ 78 22 65 35

Third 25 percent ................................................ 80 20 69 31

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 81 19 70 30

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 81 19 71 29

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 78 22 70 30

Service-providing industries .................................. 80 20 66 34

Education and health services ........................... 82 18 65 35

Educational services ...................................... 84 16 66 34

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 84 16 64 36

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 84 16 72 28

Health care and social assistance ................. 81 19 65 35

Hospitals .................................................... 82 18 73 27

Public administration ......................................... 88 12 77 23

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 11. Medical care benefits: Share of premiums paid by employer and

employee, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(In percent)

Characteristics

Single coverage Family coverage

Employer

share

Employee

share

Employer

share

Employee

share

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 78 22 62 38

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 78 22 61 39

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 79 21 63 37

100 workers or more .............................................. 80 20 71 29

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 79 21 68 32

500 workers or more .......................................... 82 18 73 27

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 80 20 73 27

New England ..................................................... 77 23 71 29

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 81 19 74 26

South ..................................................................... 79 21 62 38

South Atlantic .................................................... 79 21 63 37

East South Central ............................................ 79 21 63 37

West South Central ........................................... 78 22 60 40

Midwest ................................................................. 79 21 70 30

East North Central ............................................. 79 21 71 29

West North Central ............................................ 80 20 68 32

West ...................................................................... 80 20 67 33

Mountain ............................................................ 79 21 66 34

Pacific ................................................................ 81 19 68 32

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 11. Standard errors for medical care benefits: Share of premiums paid

by employer and employee, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Single coverage Family coverage

Employer

share

Employee

share

Employer

share

Employee

share

All workers ............................................................. 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6

Professional and related .................................... 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6

Teachers ........................................................ 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.0

Registered nurses ......................................... 0.8 0.8 1.3 1.3

Service ................................................................... 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3

Protective service .............................................. 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

Sales and related ............................................... 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.9

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 0.8 0.8 1.4 1.4

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8

Production ......................................................... 0.6 0.6 1.0 1.0

Transportation and material moving .................. 0.7 0.7 1.3 1.3

Full time ................................................................. 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Part time ................................................................ 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5

Union ..................................................................... 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.7 0.7 1.1 1.1

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.3 1.3 1.7 1.7

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Education and health services ........................... 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

Educational services ...................................... 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

Health care and social assistance ................. 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0

Hospitals .................................................... 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7

Public administration ......................................... 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 11. Standard errors for medical care benefits: Share of premiums paid

by employer and employee, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Single coverage Family coverage

Employer

share

Employee

share

Employer

share

Employee

share

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

New England ..................................................... 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7

South ..................................................................... 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

East South Central ............................................ 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5

West South Central ........................................... 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8

Midwest ................................................................. 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5

East North Central ............................................. 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

West North Central ............................................ 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.0

West ...................................................................... 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

Mountain ............................................................ 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.4

Pacific ................................................................ 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms"

at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 12. Medical care benefits, single coverage: Employer and employee premiums by employee

contribution requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers with single coverage medical care benefits = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Total Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

All workers ............................................................. 100 $497.54 13 $625.99 87 $478.94 $144.61

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 100 509.51 12 623.68 88 494.35 143.17

Management, business, and financial ............... 100 500.37 9 662.02 91 483.80 152.74

Professional and related .................................... 100 514.16 13 609.67 87 499.96 138.10

Teachers ........................................................ 100 553.54 20 613.43 80 538.12 151.52

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 100 549.16 23 611.47 77 530.17 156.38

Registered nurses ......................................... 100 528.69 6 591.35 94 524.84 132.23

Service ................................................................... 100 505.63 18 576.08 82 490.30 149.31

Protective service .............................................. 100 588.07 18 633.36 82 578.25 128.70

Sales and office ..................................................... 100 491.68 11 652.34 89 472.23 142.67

Sales and related ............................................... 100 444.21 8 593.44 92 431.62 150.27

Office and administrative support ...................... 100 511.22 12 668.00 88 489.76 139.39

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 100 487.68 16 628.77 84 460.33 151.34

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 100 480.27 19 636.20 81 442.93 149.44

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 100 495.52 13 617.03 87 477.43 153.21

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 100 473.46 12 655.10 88 449.80 143.93

Production ......................................................... 100 465.25 9 613.22 91 451.21 139.58

Transportation and material moving .................. 100 481.96 15 681.05 85 448.24 148.74

Full time ................................................................. 100 497.20 12 622.18 88 479.86 144.23

Part time ................................................................ 100 503.51 21 665.09 79 461.17 151.97

Union ..................................................................... 100 604.20 24 695.40 76 576.00 159.04

Nonunion ............................................................... 100 471.82 10 586.48 90 459.08 141.65

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 100 464.19 13 615.68 87 440.91 145.79

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 100 437.42 16 579.96 84 410.99 152.61

Second 25 percent ............................................ 100 475.88 11 593.02 89 462.04 144.80

Third 25 percent ................................................ 100 503.97 13 624.63 87 485.86 142.03

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 100 520.89 14 650.10 86 500.55 146.23

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 100 522.26 14 658.87 86 499.68 146.61

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 100 465.05 12 600.11 88 446.54 145.33

Service-providing industries .................................. 100 504.95 13 631.55 87 486.40 144.44

Education and health services ........................... 100 531.42 15 599.09 85 519.91 138.91

Educational services ...................................... 100 564.18 20 618.37 80 550.59 148.04

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 100 559.08 24 614.80 76 541.09 156.37

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 100 581.33 13 632.83 87 573.77 134.04

Health care and social assistance ................. 100 506.73 10 571.02 90 499.29 132.77

Hospitals .................................................... 100 534.10 7 625.67 93 526.75 128.58

Public administration ......................................... 100 627.93 22 656.33 78 619.69 117.99

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. Medical care benefits, single coverage: Employer and employee premiums by employee

contribution requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers with single coverage medical care benefits = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Total Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 100 $472.75 15 $608.67 85 $449.54 $149.61

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 100 463.51 15 599.98 85 438.73 152.28

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 100 493.99 13 632.67 87 473.65 143.65

100 workers or more .............................................. 100 514.02 11 640.76 89 497.77 141.40

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 100 493.85 10 615.57 90 480.63 143.39

500 workers or more .......................................... 100 533.02 13 658.88 87 514.49 139.46

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 100 531.73 14 669.59 86 508.43 155.13

New England ..................................................... 100 517.93 7 603.11 93 511.81 172.29

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 100 536.71 17 678.92 83 507.06 148.14

South ..................................................................... 100 475.43 12 570.14 88 462.90 142.32

South Atlantic .................................................... 100 483.99 11 556.51 89 475.12 139.05

East South Central ............................................ 100 470.70 10 623.28 90 454.15 136.42

West South Central ........................................... 100 462.54 14 569.74 86 444.96 151.64

Midwest ................................................................. 100 496.19 11 657.43 89 477.26 141.44

East North Central ............................................. 100 494.79 10 666.64 90 475.56 145.82

West North Central ............................................ 100 499.27 11 639.65 89 481.06 131.62

West ...................................................................... 100 504.25 15 635.20 85 481.70 143.06

Mountain ............................................................ 100 490.64 11 639.14 89 471.75 142.57

Pacific ................................................................ 100 509.98 16 634.04 84 486.13 143.28

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above

and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 12. Standard errors for medical care benefits, single coverage: Employer and employee

premiums by employee contribution requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

All workers ............................................................. $2.31 0.5 $10.93 0.5 $2.53 $1.68

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 3.76 0.6 15.40 0.6 3.87 2.26

Management, business, and financial ............... 6.24 0.9 43.16 0.9 6.38 2.79

Professional and related .................................... 4.69 0.8 13.35 0.8 4.93 2.82

Teachers ........................................................ 10.38 1.7 11.09 1.7 11.33 7.77

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 13.21 2.2 12.50 2.2 14.83 9.97

Registered nurses ......................................... 7.37 1.3 23.64 1.3 7.75 8.47

Service ................................................................... 9.86 2.9 47.06 2.9 8.61 5.82

Protective service .............................................. 11.06 2.7 21.74 2.7 12.71 8.66

Sales and office ..................................................... 3.23 0.9 10.67 0.9 3.65 2.86

Sales and related ............................................... 7.31 1.5 27.86 1.5 7.88 5.21

Office and administrative support ...................... 3.83 0.9 12.65 0.9 3.76 2.82

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 7.40 1.4 21.28 1.4 7.88 4.70

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 12.75 2.5 24.72 2.5 12.76 6.78

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 10.54 1.5 49.68 1.5 10.55 5.07

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 8.01 1.0 19.16 1.0 8.29 3.14

Production ......................................................... 8.32 1.1 21.34 1.1 8.08 4.54

Transportation and material moving .................. 11.76 1.7 28.53 1.7 12.29 3.53

Full time ................................................................. 2.49 0.5 11.09 0.5 2.64 1.71

Part time ................................................................ 17.32 4.5 30.05 4.5 12.58 6.68

Union ..................................................................... 5.03 1.4 9.58 1.4 5.20 4.04

Nonunion ............................................................... 2.68 0.5 15.48 0.5 2.95 1.86

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 7.88 1.7 36.43 1.7 5.90 3.75

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 17.01 2.5 53.66 2.5 17.55 7.54

Second 25 percent ............................................ 4.78 0.9 26.53 0.9 4.32 3.10

Third 25 percent ................................................ 4.11 0.8 8.80 0.8 4.18 2.76

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 3.86 0.7 13.67 0.7 3.84 2.24

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 7.03 1.2 23.46 1.2 5.94 3.04

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 5.50 0.9 11.04 0.9 6.15 3.17

Service-providing industries .................................. 2.48 0.6 13.05 0.6 2.71 1.89

Education and health services ........................... 4.65 1.3 25.55 1.3 5.88 4.20

Educational services ...................................... 4.10 1.2 7.44 1.2 4.24 4.66

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 6.83 1.7 9.75 1.7 6.93 6.44

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 6.18 1.1 8.33 1.1 6.97 4.61

Health care and social assistance ................. 7.09 2.1 60.61 2.1 9.59 6.08

Hospitals .................................................... 7.26 1.1 14.95 1.1 6.77 6.39

Public administration ......................................... 6.44 1.7 13.75 1.7 6.90 2.98

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. Standard errors for medical care benefits, single coverage: Employer and employee

premiums by employee contribution requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... $4.55 1.0 $22.40 1.0 $4.76 $2.99

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 6.08 1.2 29.96 1.2 5.67 4.27

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 9.51 1.3 21.47 1.3 10.32 5.05

100 workers or more .............................................. 2.66 0.7 9.33 0.7 2.95 1.71

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 5.05 0.8 13.15 0.8 5.10 2.48

500 workers or more .......................................... 4.12 1.0 12.49 1.0 4.14 2.41

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 4.95 1.6 12.50 1.6 6.23 3.61

New England ..................................................... 11.49 1.3 27.18 1.3 12.57 8.62

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 5.51 2.1 12.74 2.1 7.63 3.71

South ..................................................................... 4.06 0.9 25.13 0.9 4.51 2.92

South Atlantic .................................................... 5.74 1.3 45.84 1.3 6.49 4.01

East South Central ............................................ 9.06 0.7 38.31 0.7 8.79 8.38

West South Central ........................................... 7.00 1.5 18.19 1.5 7.73 4.13

Midwest ................................................................. 4.59 0.8 18.96 0.8 5.31 3.28

East North Central ............................................. 5.29 0.9 20.40 0.9 5.15 4.38

West North Central ............................................ 9.00 1.7 37.51 1.7 12.80 4.79

West ...................................................................... 5.09 1.2 13.98 1.2 4.64 3.52

Mountain ............................................................ 7.39 1.3 21.44 1.3 7.60 8.88

Pacific ................................................................ 6.49 1.6 17.03 1.6 5.80 3.22

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with

earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 13. Medical care benefits, single coverage: Employee participation by

type of employee contribution, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers with contributory coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Single coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies2

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other3

All workers ............................................................. 73 17 9 2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 70 18 9 2

Management, business, and financial ............... 72 17 8 2

Professional and related .................................... 69 18 10 2

Teachers ........................................................ 69 23 7 2

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 73 18 7 2

Registered nurses ......................................... 61 25 12 2

Service ................................................................... 76 13 8 2

Protective service .............................................. 73 18 2 7

Sales and office ..................................................... 67 24 8 1

Sales and related ............................................... 64 27 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 68 22 8 1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 82 9 8 1

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 88 6 4 2

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 76 12 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 80 12 8 1

Production ......................................................... 78 13 – –

Transportation and material moving .................. 81 10 8 1

Full time ................................................................. 72 17 9 2

Part time ................................................................ 78 13 9 4 ( )

Union ..................................................................... 73 11 12 5

Nonunion ............................................................... 73 18 8 1

Average wage within the following categories:5

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 75 18 7 4 ( )

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 81 10 – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 73 18 8 1

Third 25 percent ................................................ 74 16 8 1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 70 17 10 3

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 70 17 10 3

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 80 11 8 1

Service-providing industries .................................. 71 18 9 2

Education and health services ........................... 72 21 6 1

Educational services ...................................... 66 26 6 2

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 71 20 7 2

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 55 40 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 76 17 6 1

Hospitals .................................................... 64 26 – –

Public administration ......................................... 61 25 4 10

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 13. Medical care benefits, single coverage: Employee participation by

type of employee contribution, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers with contributory coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Single coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies2

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other3

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 76 12 10 1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 75 13 11 1

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 81 10 8 1

100 workers or more .............................................. 70 20 8 2

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 77 17 6 1

500 workers or more .......................................... 64 23 10 3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 75 13 10 2

New England ..................................................... 78 11 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 74 14 10 3

South ..................................................................... 71 21 7 1

South Atlantic .................................................... 69 24 7 1

East South Central ............................................ 70 25 5 –

West South Central ........................................... 77 14 8 1

Midwest ................................................................. 71 18 10 1

East North Central ............................................. 74 16 9 1

West North Central ............................................ 64 23 – –

West ...................................................................... 75 13 9 3

Mountain ............................................................ 78 15 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 73 12 11 4

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Based on worker attributes. For example, employee contributions may vary based on earnings, length of service,

or age. 3 Includes contribution types not separately published such as composite rates, flexible benefits, and percent of

earnings. 4 Less than 0.5. 5 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category

or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 13. Standard errors for medical care benefits, single coverage:

Employee participation by type of employee contribution, civilian workers,1

March 2021

Characteristics

Single coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies2

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other3

All workers ............................................................. 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.4 1.0 1.1 0.3

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.8 1.3 1.0 0.6

Professional and related .................................... 1.7 1.3 1.5 0.3

Teachers ........................................................ 2.6 2.3 1.0 0.3

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.9 2.2 1.3 0.4

Registered nurses ......................................... 4.3 2.9 3.5 0.5

Service ................................................................... 2.0 1.2 1.7 0.5

Protective service .............................................. 3.4 2.5 0.8 2.1

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.5 1.3 1.0 0.2

Sales and related ............................................... 2.7 2.2 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.4 0.9 1.0 0.5

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.5 1.0 1.1 0.9

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.1 1.6 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.2 1.4 1.2 0.3

Production ......................................................... 1.8 2.0 – –

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.8 1.6 1.4 0.3

Full time ................................................................. 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.2

Part time ................................................................ 2.2 1.6 2.1 0.1

Union ..................................................................... 1.8 0.8 1.8 0.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.2

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.9 1.7 0.9 0.1

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 3.3 1.8 – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.5 1.2 1.1 0.3

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.0 0.7 0.9 0.2

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 0.9 1.0 0.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.3 1.6 1.3 0.8

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.1 1.3 1.3 0.4

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.1 0.8 0.9 0.2

Education and health services ........................... 1.6 1.6 0.7 0.2

Educational services ...................................... 1.7 1.5 0.8 0.3

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.9 1.5 1.1 0.4

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.5 2.9 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.5 2.5 1.1 0.3

Hospitals .................................................... 4.4 3.3 – –

Public administration ......................................... 2.3 1.4 1.4 1.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 13. Standard errors for medical care benefits, single coverage:

Employee participation by type of employee contribution, civilian workers,1

March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Single coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies2

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other3

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.5 0.8 1.4 0.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.9 1.1 1.8 0.3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.9 1.3 1.4 0.4

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.3

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.3

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.4 1.1 1.2 0.5

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.4 1.3 2.0 0.3

New England ..................................................... 2.0 2.0 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 3.3 1.5 2.9 0.4

South ..................................................................... 1.2 0.8 0.9 0.2

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.4 1.2 1.3 0.3

East South Central ............................................ 3.5 2.6 1.5 –

West South Central ........................................... 2.2 1.1 1.7 0.3

Midwest ................................................................. 1.6 1.9 1.1 0.3

East North Central ............................................. 2.1 2.5 1.3 0.4

West North Central ............................................ 2.6 2.5 – –

West ...................................................................... 2.6 1.3 2.3 0.6

Mountain ............................................................ 2.6 2.5 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 3.5 1.5 3.2 0.6

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Based on worker attributes. For example, employee contributions may vary based on earnings, length of service,

or age. 3 Includes contribution types not separately published such as composite rates, flexible benefits, and percent of

earnings. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 14. Medical care benefits, family coverage: Employer and employee premiums by employee

contribution requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers with family coverage medical care benefits = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Total Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

All workers ............................................................. 100 $1,193.40 5 $1,765.02 95 $1,161.47 $590.94

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 100 1,203.99 5 1,698.48 95 1,180.78 590.77

Management, business, and financial ............... 100 1,238.81 3 1,708.76 97 1,224.20 617.25

Professional and related .................................... 100 1,186.39 5 1,695.47 95 1,158.32 577.08

Teachers ........................................................ 100 1,104.86 7 1,725.72 93 1,060.01 632.95

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 100 1,053.33 8 1,717.67 92 993.83 665.15

Registered nurses ......................................... 100 1,330.70 3 1,686.52 97 1,319.15 550.88

Service ................................................................... 100 1,127.04 6 1,810.90 94 1,085.88 651.78

Protective service .............................................. 100 1,404.89 7 1,781.20 93 1,378.46 498.51

Sales and office ..................................................... 100 1,180.56 3 1,808.70 97 1,159.01 602.09

Sales and related ............................................... 100 1,081.74 3 1,721.15 97 1,064.63 637.21

Office and administrative support ...................... 100 1,221.32 4 1,834.76 96 1,198.34 587.46

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 100 1,205.76 9 1,751.70 91 1,150.37 570.99

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 100 1,195.23 11 1,844.05 89 1,118.30 535.82

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 100 1,216.68 8 1,621.21 92 1,182.58 606.31

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 100 1,229.02 8 1,827.27 92 1,178.84 535.91

Production ......................................................... 100 1,250.89 5 1,766.36 95 1,221.07 507.42

Transportation and material moving .................. 100 1,205.81 10 1,862.13 90 1,131.68 567.74

Full time ................................................................. 100 1,192.47 5 1,761.45 95 1,163.12 590.67

Part time ................................................................ 100 1,210.11 12 1,790.81 88 1,129.25 596.34

Union ..................................................................... 100 1,506.37 16 1,852.58 84 1,440.05 491.58

Nonunion ............................................................... 100 1,116.76 3 1,634.88 97 1,102.66 611.92

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 100 1,038.66 4 1,873.49 96 1,003.57 656.82

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 100 904.81 2 1,535.42 98 892.84 733.11

Second 25 percent ............................................ 100 1,114.49 4 1,636.70 96 1,093.91 605.78

Third 25 percent ................................................ 100 1,236.09 6 1,773.89 94 1,203.44 575.93

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 100 1,273.12 7 1,788.66 93 1,237.31 567.31

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 100 1,292.61 7 1,767.04 93 1,255.14 573.11

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 100 1,219.59 7 1,704.50 93 1,183.30 525.66

Service-providing industries .................................. 100 1,187.50 5 1,784.35 95 1,156.66 605.34

Education and health services ........................... 100 1,150.83 5 1,800.80 95 1,119.90 617.48

Educational services ...................................... 100 1,161.40 7 1,718.75 93 1,121.03 627.47

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 100 1,095.40 9 1,725.99 91 1,032.63 679.23

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 100 1,316.42 3 1,667.34 97 1,307.08 524.28

Health care and social assistance ................. 100 1,142.83 3 1,946.80 97 1,119.07 610.22

Hospitals .................................................... 100 1,359.37 3 1,731.68 97 1,347.95 515.96

Public administration ......................................... 100 1,412.62 7 1,807.01 93 1,381.02 453.78

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 14. Medical care benefits, family coverage: Employer and employee premiums by employee

contribution requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers with family coverage medical care benefits = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Total Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 100 $1,064.11 5 $1,720.40 95 $1,030.60 $656.90

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 100 1,043.27 5 1,702.47 95 1,011.06 660.51

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 100 1,111.90 5 1,756.45 95 1,075.74 648.57

100 workers or more .............................................. 100 1,278.97 6 1,790.76 94 1,248.75 546.95

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 100 1,213.19 4 1,728.07 96 1,194.10 573.72

500 workers or more .......................................... 100 1,340.30 7 1,818.82 93 1,301.82 520.96

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 100 1,350.49 10 1,826.07 90 1,297.86 549.48

New England ..................................................... 100 1,343.09 4 1,622.63 96 1,332.24 569.12

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 100 1,353.12 12 1,848.25 88 1,284.48 541.83

South ..................................................................... 100 1,059.37 2 1,714.63 98 1,046.13 629.81

South Atlantic .................................................... 100 1,093.99 2 1,666.63 98 1,081.56 617.50

East South Central ............................................ 100 1,020.85 2 1,781.75 98 1,005.33 587.45

West South Central ........................................... 100 1,016.35 2 1,782.50 98 1,002.97 672.59

Midwest ................................................................. 100 1,248.08 6 1,821.94 94 1,211.55 560.74

East North Central ............................................. 100 1,259.32 6 1,834.17 94 1,220.48 554.13

West North Central ............................................ 100 1,224.20 5 1,790.67 95 1,192.78 574.61

West ...................................................................... 100 1,210.66 6 1,651.28 94 1,183.92 592.65

Mountain ............................................................ 100 1,135.41 5 1,617.38 95 1,108.30 592.34

Pacific ................................................................ 100 1,242.37 6 1,664.19 94 1,215.97 592.78

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above

and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 14. Standard errors for medical care benefits, family coverage: Employer and employee

premiums by employee contribution requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

All workers ............................................................. $8.07 0.3 $38.85 0.3 $8.68 $6.07

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 11.52 0.4 46.13 0.4 11.68 8.92

Management, business, and financial ............... 16.52 0.5 110.22 0.5 18.03 12.57

Professional and related .................................... 15.77 0.5 42.69 0.5 15.36 11.01

Teachers ........................................................ 27.30 1.0 41.15 1.0 26.61 19.12

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 32.25 1.3 42.17 1.3 30.61 25.16

Registered nurses ......................................... 24.49 1.0 79.47 1.0 23.89 30.33

Service ................................................................... 34.32 1.6 144.20 1.6 32.25 22.18

Protective service .............................................. 29.24 0.9 40.18 0.9 30.98 24.96

Sales and office ..................................................... 15.04 0.3 62.52 0.3 16.21 8.70

Sales and related ............................................... 52.95 0.5 110.98 0.5 54.78 18.39

Office and administrative support ...................... 14.96 0.4 69.17 0.4 15.42 9.74

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 24.19 1.0 85.06 1.0 24.80 18.14

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 36.30 1.4 65.55 1.4 35.99 23.19

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 36.01 1.4 181.46 1.4 36.18 23.29

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 22.69 1.0 74.77 1.0 24.40 13.55

Production ......................................................... 24.86 1.2 82.08 1.2 25.62 16.00

Transportation and material moving .................. 35.81 1.7 97.10 1.7 38.79 18.84

Full time ................................................................. 8.74 0.2 38.01 0.2 9.20 6.51

Part time ................................................................ 43.45 3.0 160.61 3.0 36.62 21.14

Union ..................................................................... 13.56 1.1 46.68 1.1 13.53 10.06

Nonunion ............................................................... 9.80 0.2 62.97 0.2 10.07 6.69

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 28.70 1.7 135.97 1.7 21.21 18.29

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 34.64 0.8 80.50 0.8 34.15 37.86

Second 25 percent ............................................ 17.00 0.5 80.95 0.5 16.33 11.30

Third 25 percent ................................................ 14.88 0.5 45.88 0.5 15.66 10.16

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 11.69 0.4 45.53 0.4 12.50 9.06

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 18.01 0.7 61.10 0.7 18.95 16.12

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 18.48 0.7 66.92 0.7 20.25 12.96

Service-providing industries .................................. 9.05 0.3 45.23 0.3 9.65 6.85

Education and health services ........................... 19.22 0.7 67.41 0.7 20.62 14.53

Educational services ...................................... 11.82 0.6 38.42 0.6 13.19 11.47

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 15.11 1.0 40.50 1.0 15.69 17.79

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 18.36 0.6 120.46 0.6 19.14 10.56

Health care and social assistance ................. 32.50 1.2 124.56 1.2 34.29 23.34

Hospitals .................................................... 24.60 0.5 54.51 0.5 24.88 18.56

Public administration ......................................... 19.64 0.6 74.11 0.6 20.24 8.15

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 14. Standard errors for medical care benefits, family coverage: Employer and employee

premiums by employee contribution requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... $16.66 0.5 $72.97 0.5 $16.52 $11.38

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 24.49 0.6 77.60 0.6 24.31 15.67

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 24.91 0.8 117.81 0.8 24.93 18.77

100 workers or more .............................................. 9.22 0.4 47.11 0.4 9.44 5.85

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 15.45 0.5 63.56 0.5 14.98 9.25

500 workers or more .......................................... 11.01 0.8 52.77 0.8 10.37 7.59

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 12.95 1.0 68.59 1.0 15.88 13.71

New England ..................................................... 35.69 1.4 139.49 1.4 37.59 30.65

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 15.13 1.2 72.74 1.2 20.60 14.43

South ..................................................................... 15.32 0.4 84.35 0.4 14.26 11.40

South Atlantic .................................................... 22.47 0.6 76.71 0.6 20.89 15.29

East South Central ............................................ 42.78 0.1 201.03 0.1 46.46 34.71

West South Central ........................................... 21.31 0.7 240.97 0.7 16.65 16.01

Midwest ................................................................. 11.46 0.6 79.93 0.6 14.28 11.97

East North Central ............................................. 10.36 0.6 107.69 0.6 11.66 13.53

West North Central ............................................ 28.69 1.3 78.10 1.3 37.38 22.83

West ...................................................................... 17.66 0.3 74.56 0.3 20.32 12.15

Mountain ............................................................ 35.46 0.4 197.64 0.4 40.36 30.41

Pacific ................................................................ 18.88 0.4 71.28 0.4 22.18 11.58

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with

earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 15. Medical care benefits, family coverage: Employee participation by

type of employee contribution, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers with contributory coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Family coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies2

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other3

All workers ............................................................. 72 17 9 2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 70 18 9 2

Management, business, and financial ............... 72 18 8 2

Professional and related .................................... 70 18 10 2

Teachers ........................................................ 70 22 7 1

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 74 18 7 1

Registered nurses ......................................... 61 25 13 2

Service ................................................................... 76 13 8 3

Protective service .............................................. 72 18 3 7

Sales and office ..................................................... 66 23 10 1

Sales and related ............................................... 61 26 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 68 21 9 2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 81 9 9 1

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 88 6 5 1

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 74 12 12 1

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 78 13 9 4 ( )

Production ......................................................... 78 14 8 4 ( )

Transportation and material moving .................. 79 11 – –

Full time ................................................................. 72 17 9 2

Part time ................................................................ 77 14 9 1

Union ..................................................................... 74 11 11 4

Nonunion ............................................................... 72 18 9 1

Average wage within the following categories:5

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 74 18 – –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 80 10 – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 73 18 9 1

Third 25 percent ................................................ 73 16 9 2

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 70 17 10 3

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 70 17 10 3

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 80 11 9 4 ( )

Service-providing industries .................................. 70 18 9 2

Education and health services ........................... 72 20 7 1

Educational services ...................................... 68 25 6 1

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 71 19 8 1

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 58 38 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 75 16 8 1

Hospitals .................................................... 64 25 9 2

Public administration ......................................... 62 25 4 9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 15. Medical care benefits, family coverage: Employee participation by

type of employee contribution, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers with contributory coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Family coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies2

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other3

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 75 13 11 1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 73 14 12 1

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 79 10 9 2

100 workers or more .............................................. 70 20 8 2

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 76 17 6 1

500 workers or more .......................................... 64 23 10 3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 75 13 10 2

New England ..................................................... 77 – 11 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 74 14 9 3

South ..................................................................... 71 21 7 1

South Atlantic .................................................... 70 23 – –

East South Central ............................................ 69 26 – –

West South Central ........................................... 75 17 8 1

Midwest ................................................................. 71 18 11 1

East North Central ............................................. 74 16 9 1

West North Central ............................................ 64 22 – –

West ...................................................................... 73 13 11 3

Mountain ............................................................ 79 14 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 70 13 13 4

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Based on worker attributes. For example, employee contributions may vary based on earnings, length of service,

or age. 3 Includes contribution types not separately published such as composite rates, flexible benefits, and percent of

earnings. 4 Less than 0.5. 5 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category

or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 15. Standard errors for medical care benefits, family coverage:

Employee participation by type of employee contribution, civilian workers,1

March 2021

Characteristics

Family coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies2

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other3

All workers ............................................................. 1.0 0.6 0.8 0.2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.4 1.0 1.0 0.3

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.9 1.3 1.0 0.6

Professional and related .................................... 1.6 1.2 1.4 0.3

Teachers ........................................................ 2.2 1.8 1.2 0.2

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.4 1.9 1.2 0.3

Registered nurses ......................................... 4.2 2.9 3.5 0.6

Service ................................................................... 1.6 1.2 1.5 0.5

Protective service .............................................. 2.7 2.3 0.9 2.1

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.5 1.2 1.3 0.3

Sales and related ............................................... 3.4 2.2 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.4 1.1 1.1 0.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.5 1.0 0.9 0.3

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.6 1.3 1.2 0.2

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.2 1.5 1.6 0.5

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.4 1.4 1.2 0.2

Production ......................................................... 1.7 2.0 1.7 0.1

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.1 1.8 – –

Full time ................................................................. 1.0 0.6 0.8 0.2

Part time ................................................................ 2.6 1.9 2.0 0.2

Union ..................................................................... 1.7 0.7 1.7 0.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.2

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.8 1.6 – –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 3.3 1.7 – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.5 1.2 1.1 0.2

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.1 0.7 1.1 0.2

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 0.9 0.9 0.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.4 1.6 1.3 0.6

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.9 1.3 1.2 0.1

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.1 0.7 0.9 0.2

Education and health services ........................... 1.8 1.3 1.1 0.2

Educational services ...................................... 1.4 1.2 0.9 0.2

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.7 1.3 1.1 0.2

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.1 2.6 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.1 2.2 1.9 0.3

Hospitals .................................................... 4.1 3.1 2.4 0.8

Public administration ......................................... 2.3 1.5 1.4 0.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 15. Standard errors for medical care benefits, family coverage:

Employee participation by type of employee contribution, civilian workers,1

March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Family coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies2

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other3

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.6 0.8 1.4 0.3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.0 1.1 1.8 0.3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.0 1.2 1.4 0.8

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.3

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.2 1.3 0.7 0.2

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.4 1.1 1.2 0.5

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.4 1.4 1.9 0.5

New England ..................................................... 2.0 – 2.1 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 3.4 1.7 2.7 0.7

South ..................................................................... 1.2 0.8 1.0 0.2

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.5 1.0 – –

East South Central ............................................ 3.9 3.0 – –

West South Central ........................................... 2.5 1.2 2.0 0.3

Midwest ................................................................. 1.7 1.8 1.1 0.2

East North Central ............................................. 1.9 2.4 1.3 0.3

West North Central ............................................ 3.2 2.1 – –

West ...................................................................... 2.6 1.3 2.2 0.6

Mountain ............................................................ 2.3 2.4 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 3.5 1.5 3.0 0.8

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Based on worker attributes. For example, employee contributions may vary based on earnings, length of service,

or age. 3 Includes contribution types not separately published such as composite rates, flexible benefits, and percent of

earnings. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 16. Medical care benefits: Monthly employee contributions for single and family coverage, civilian workers,1 March

2021

(Includes workers participating in medical care benefits with flat dollar amount contributory coverage)

Characteristics

Single coverage2 Family coverage2

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. $44.33 $79.47 $124.28 $182.16 $255.66 $195.94 $320.77 $482.68 $764.00 $1150.18

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 39.52 74.31 122.00 181.01 256.67 184.95 315.34 499.32 764.00 1169.71

Management, business, and financial ............... 49.26 86.67 135.78 197.81 265.94 206.63 354.00 524.37 764.00 1274.01

Professional and related .................................... 35.45 69.10 109.98 170.00 247.33 180.00 306.56 482.37 766.44 1111.77

Teachers ........................................................ – 58.32 108.00 189.79 310.50 167.82 295.00 541.68 865.51 1210.00

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 57.39 109.25 198.68 324.00 167.82 312.80 578.86 892.25 1284.19

Registered nurses ......................................... 32.00 71.82 100.00 160.68 258.11 194.08 290.44 400.91 665.44 1138.32

Service ................................................................... 47.11 82.70 125.70 193.92 278.10 200.00 359.39 488.24 908.70 1290.46

Protective service .............................................. – 63.05 103.21 164.86 278.67 180.00 249.00 409.29 631.87 951.20

Sales and office ..................................................... 41.47 80.53 125.57 180.00 247.00 210.90 342.00 499.32 772.91 1127.45

Sales and related ............................................... 49.05 82.33 129.25 186.61 242.67 220.60 344.74 501.06 839.26 1278.98

Office and administrative support ...................... 38.42 75.00 124.49 175.43 247.33 206.33 339.73 499.32 754.36 1118.20

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 53.41 90.18 130.14 186.14 255.66 220.00 313.13 445.17 748.66 1079.01

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 48.70 92.39 130.14 188.14 243.18 217.69 301.27 425.44 665.45 1033.29

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 59.15 86.79 131.38 184.51 268.42 234.53 326.69 483.09 867.21 1150.16

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 48.39 82.59 121.71 179.78 247.46 170.73 298.23 426.00 675.65 1058.90

Production ......................................................... 44.87 76.31 118.05 167.49 241.33 167.96 266.46 404.30 651.10 1021.94

Transportation and material moving .................. 56.05 92.25 126.54 185.59 253.86 208.61 316.81 433.34 716.76 1092.56

Full time ................................................................. 44.76 79.00 123.86 181.90 253.87 195.54 320.70 482.35 763.41 1149.56

Part time ................................................................ 38.82 88.30 129.79 190.28 289.28 211.89 323.64 488.61 777.73 1165.26

Union ..................................................................... 47.11 82.46 126.54 189.98 258.29 153.79 274.16 382.05 545.42 998.00

Nonunion ............................................................... 43.84 78.52 123.97 180.00 255.45 206.51 338.25 509.05 806.63 1192.94

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 38.53 82.43 129.13 180.61 268.48 220.72 364.01 542.14 905.36 1235.64

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 86.67 130.84 186.21 300.95 259.51 422.62 603.56 992.92 1253.29

Second 25 percent ............................................ 43.97 78.27 125.91 182.00 251.98 199.72 326.13 477.56 800.81 1219.96

Third 25 percent ................................................ 48.11 79.17 118.39 179.75 251.84 197.43 313.13 469.09 733.75 1098.00

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 43.33 79.44 125.61 186.30 258.10 189.29 311.64 469.04 717.18 1110.13

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 42.50 81.00 125.62 186.30 248.43 195.54 314.69 485.06 717.18 1152.23

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 49.97 82.93 124.24 181.97 247.46 184.94 289.86 422.82 675.00 994.40

Service-providing industries .................................. 41.38 78.09 124.28 182.49 258.08 199.72 334.71 493.00 795.67 1212.38

Education and health services ........................... 31.25 66.30 104.00 176.24 258.29 180.00 318.57 489.25 865.51 1249.75

Educational services ...................................... 31.00 60.00 105.33 175.58 310.50 180.00 313.29 528.17 863.00 1263.00

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 27.23 59.78 107.87 189.79 344.40 162.94 328.79 579.60 1001.00 1354.89

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 32.69 67.58 105.43 157.10 247.58 184.94 251.45 447.43 625.74 887.91

Health care and social assistance ................. 31.66 70.72 104.00 176.96 251.98 180.00 326.85 476.78 865.51 1249.35

Hospitals .................................................... 31.00 67.76 97.00 159.25 227.50 189.33 296.07 416.94 637.42 966.52

Public administration ......................................... 23.55 50.86 90.91 134.86 208.32 142.01 244.60 370.00 534.06 809.52

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 16. Medical care benefits: Monthly employee contributions for single and family coverage, civilian workers,1 March

2021—continued

(Includes workers participating in medical care benefits with flat dollar amount contributory coverage)

Characteristics

Single coverage2 Family coverage2

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... $47.74 $82.33 $129.33 $187.29 $265.09 $223.33 $356.94 $533.00 $878.64 $1267.52

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 48.70 82.43 130.06 195.54 270.68 232.22 361.69 526.08 878.64 1296.91

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 80.94 127.57 175.93 247.63 213.03 344.73 549.53 877.54 1209.50

100 workers or more .............................................. 42.44 76.71 120.81 178.38 248.34 184.94 302.00 446.68 694.67 1073.76

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 43.33 81.16 125.52 178.57 247.00 192.44 307.70 466.81 747.38 1133.63

500 workers or more .......................................... 39.52 72.11 112.68 177.88 248.54 174.85 288.20 432.98 651.59 974.51

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 52.76 88.81 133.75 195.60 259.64 167.03 296.83 436.79 693.68 1208.47

New England ..................................................... 58.56 101.27 154.73 207.73 304.02 – 328.78 477.98 704.75 1012.51

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 47.74 84.93 127.99 189.79 259.19 157.98 276.00 425.90 668.66 1219.96

South ..................................................................... 39.00 81.15 124.62 182.00 255.67 220.72 356.94 533.20 852.16 1238.00

South Atlantic .................................................... 41.09 80.38 124.24 175.68 252.07 212.19 347.92 489.48 808.44 1249.75

East South Central ............................................ – 72.85 112.34 169.65 234.82 185.55 350.00 498.41 718.46 1023.05

West South Central ........................................... 40.66 82.55 128.20 192.99 266.54 245.00 380.03 595.83 960.00 1262.55

Midwest ................................................................. 51.20 77.96 117.74 168.04 247.00 176.06 297.27 447.76 707.09 1138.32

East North Central ............................................. 54.17 79.87 121.47 174.09 260.07 175.77 288.20 440.63 717.24 1170.68

West North Central ............................................ 43.19 70.74 110.33 155.99 197.30 181.02 313.04 455.00 668.42 1023.58

West ...................................................................... 39.39 72.05 118.03 181.09 251.98 209.22 323.57 479.03 782.00 1075.00

Mountain ............................................................ 37.00 63.02 117.09 195.23 253.35 219.51 315.27 470.00 747.38 1074.25

Pacific ................................................................ 43.33 77.12 121.05 176.96 248.54 201.10 327.41 480.82 806.63 1076.00

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for

further explanation. 2 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of participating workers pay the

same as or more than the premium shown, and half pay the same as or less than the premium shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers pay the same or less than

the premium shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 16. Standard errors for medical care benefits: Monthly employee contributions for single and family coverage,

civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Single coverage2 Family coverage2

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. $1.92 $2.12 $1.90 $2.13 $3.74 $6.12 $8.25 $6.16 $16.05 $24.10

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 2.52 3.15 3.22 3.99 3.84 7.62 9.61 10.26 21.17 35.92

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.47 5.04 2.63 8.01 8.86 6.41 12.63 10.42 24.02 67.79

Professional and related .................................... 2.95 4.16 4.67 5.27 7.22 8.46 9.28 13.54 35.95 29.38

Teachers ........................................................ – 5.56 6.41 18.68 32.97 4.78 32.90 31.14 8.21 41.96

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 6.38 9.59 23.99 37.47 16.46 38.62 50.41 34.95 56.43

Registered nurses ......................................... 3.66 8.16 4.07 15.81 27.88 20.49 22.25 20.38 65.64 135.89

Service ................................................................... 4.02 6.29 7.06 23.45 17.91 18.39 23.64 28.54 67.44 90.05

Protective service .............................................. – 14.19 10.46 21.37 50.11 43.10 31.87 39.39 40.99 104.15

Sales and office ..................................................... 3.74 4.73 3.02 2.30 6.83 10.44 7.04 12.75 20.49 24.60

Sales and related ............................................... 6.73 3.17 8.29 7.59 15.86 21.71 11.74 29.45 57.95 86.15

Office and administrative support ...................... 3.36 4.84 2.79 5.27 6.84 11.60 10.58 14.89 20.09 26.89

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 8.34 4.17 4.92 4.70 13.85 16.64 11.05 17.56 54.86 43.03

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 8.41 6.23 6.02 9.53 12.53 21.70 12.42 25.08 52.49 67.26

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 3.98 3.74 7.17 3.96 13.88 15.58 5.27 36.25 77.34 156.06

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 3.74 3.02 5.22 5.79 7.65 15.89 7.37 8.36 33.60 45.53

Production ......................................................... 3.94 6.37 3.95 4.61 10.59 7.82 20.77 20.64 30.25 71.10

Transportation and material moving .................. 8.92 6.82 3.14 5.87 9.36 30.22 15.93 9.33 49.99 75.58

Full time ................................................................. 2.17 2.15 2.04 2.25 3.82 6.59 8.57 6.26 18.18 25.53

Part time ................................................................ 7.09 8.96 5.36 3.99 37.72 28.96 17.38 29.05 147.04 116.54

Union ..................................................................... 1.88 3.56 3.08 5.65 7.40 8.42 13.78 5.81 17.87 41.57

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.92 2.58 2.34 2.92 4.08 5.76 8.12 12.79 14.85 29.71

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 5.56 7.62 3.57 4.17 19.90 24.63 27.21 15.96 43.57 56.21

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 15.14 9.45 9.65 40.14 53.60 26.33 56.36 23.04 52.54

Second 25 percent ............................................ 3.68 4.18 2.70 4.57 4.42 12.23 13.44 9.84 23.83 21.01

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.13 2.78 4.12 5.24 7.44 11.52 7.83 14.53 27.79 31.62

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2.63 2.65 3.00 4.47 3.44 6.71 6.74 11.79 17.16 35.60

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 5.77 3.94 4.62 6.81 10.05 8.29 8.75 11.82 17.26 76.51

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 3.80 2.68 5.38 5.52 8.63 13.28 13.56 11.62 22.83 39.52

Service-providing industries .................................. 2.40 2.14 2.04 2.23 4.39 6.62 5.71 9.44 17.13 22.60

Education and health services ........................... 3.77 4.42 4.09 7.46 5.52 12.50 17.36 22.30 46.29 33.90

Educational services ...................................... 3.07 3.84 2.42 8.31 22.94 6.51 15.59 13.43 26.56 33.39

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 5.86 4.65 4.28 6.83 21.58 16.55 19.41 19.92 42.63 43.52

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.49 8.21 2.68 2.45 12.54 5.53 20.02 22.76 25.25 32.37

Health care and social assistance ................. 5.78 5.47 6.44 9.54 3.46 25.09 26.19 12.81 72.63 46.34

Hospitals .................................................... 4.01 10.64 4.62 24.86 26.55 21.68 25.64 15.63 24.06 130.31

Public administration ......................................... 3.39 1.97 8.22 3.37 18.10 25.04 16.18 9.33 19.15 46.94

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 16. Standard errors for medical care benefits: Monthly employee contributions for single and family coverage,

civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Single coverage2 Family coverage2

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... $2.39 $3.33 $3.53 $5.12 $6.82 $15.53 $16.81 $12.67 $27.06 $36.55

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.02 3.92 5.10 5.71 7.48 23.61 18.95 16.17 29.89 38.45

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 9.20 7.01 7.76 13.02 23.50 27.79 19.25 41.97 77.06

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.79 1.91 2.79 2.17 3.37 4.75 6.03 7.33 17.01 25.34

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 3.57 3.65 1.92 3.19 5.71 8.02 9.52 13.76 21.40 37.50

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.72 3.29 2.81 4.21 6.15 8.27 11.69 6.63 16.78 32.50

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.84 2.69 3.39 4.78 10.01 17.46 11.63 8.14 33.46 83.99

New England ..................................................... 13.08 12.77 10.87 16.32 53.48 – 32.02 33.36 66.36 128.21

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 4.87 4.00 2.85 4.93 7.37 12.63 9.99 11.50 47.79 38.21

South ..................................................................... 2.26 2.97 2.33 5.09 9.50 7.79 10.75 16.18 34.68 39.40

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.90 2.89 4.44 7.85 13.08 14.28 17.18 32.23 45.23 33.85

East South Central ............................................ – 9.74 4.97 13.33 22.81 33.89 29.57 33.21 41.03 105.08

West South Central ........................................... 5.24 5.71 3.65 10.37 3.86 12.34 9.58 16.71 43.83 47.25

Midwest ................................................................. 3.18 3.26 4.27 4.87 10.32 12.38 16.87 11.89 15.05 36.32

East North Central ............................................. 1.69 2.44 5.09 6.14 8.75 12.64 21.18 19.77 17.88 35.21

West North Central ............................................ 4.06 4.40 8.87 6.48 5.66 27.21 33.63 25.41 34.98 64.69

West ...................................................................... 6.02 5.09 6.60 3.97 1.90 11.88 14.58 16.59 31.20 19.18

Mountain ............................................................ 4.10 10.11 8.54 18.74 4.31 29.33 24.31 62.74 48.16 82.78

Pacific ................................................................ 7.78 5.23 7.73 6.52 3.46 8.83 14.11 11.98 26.99 22.98

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for

further explanation. 2 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of participating workers pay the

same as or more than the premium shown, and half pay the same as or less than the premium shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers pay the same or less than

the premium shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 17. Insurance benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 civilian workers,2 March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Life insurance Short-term disability Long-term disability

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 60 59 98 40 39 98 35 34 97

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 80 79 99 49 49 99 56 54 97

Management, business, and financial ............... 85 84 99 62 61 99 63 61 97

Professional and related .................................... 77 76 99 44 43 99 52 51 97

Teachers ........................................................ 78 76 98 27 26 97 44 43 97

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 85 83 98 25 24 97 43 42 97

Registered nurses ......................................... 85 84 99 50 49 97 61 60 98

Service ................................................................... 33 32 95 23 22 97 15 14 95

Protective service .............................................. 68 65 95 29 28 95 26 25 94

Sales and office ..................................................... 56 55 98 40 39 97 31 30 97

Sales and related ............................................... 41 40 98 34 33 96 19 18 96

Office and administrative support ...................... 66 65 99 44 42 97 40 39 97

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 57 57 99 36 35 99 28 28 97

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 50 50 99 30 30 99 22 22 98

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 65 64 99 42 42 98 35 34 97

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 65 63 98 47 46 98 32 31 96

Production ......................................................... 71 71 99 54 54 99 37 36 97

Transportation and material moving .................. 58 57 97 41 40 96 27 26 96

Full time ................................................................. 74 73 99 47 46 98 44 43 97

Part time ................................................................ 14 13 91 18 17 95 6 5 91

Union ..................................................................... 85 83 98 47 46 97 40 38 96

Nonunion ............................................................... 56 55 98 39 38 98 35 33 97

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 27 26 96 20 19 96 10 10 94

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 15 14 91 10 10 98 5 5 95

Second 25 percent ............................................ 60 58 98 40 39 97 31 30 97

Third 25 percent ................................................ 74 73 98 46 45 98 45 43 97

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 85 85 99 56 56 99 60 58 97

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 89 88 99 64 63 100 66 64 97

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 70 69 99 51 51 99 38 37 97

Service-providing industries .................................. 58 57 98 38 37 98 35 34 97

Education and health services ........................... 69 67 98 32 31 97 41 40 97

Educational services ...................................... 79 77 98 27 26 97 44 42 97

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 79 77 98 23 22 96 38 37 97

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 86 84 98 35 34 97 61 59 97

Health care and social assistance ................. 63 62 98 34 33 97 40 38 96

Hospitals .................................................... 88 87 98 46 45 97 68 66 97

Public administration ......................................... 86 83 97 30 29 99 35 34 97

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 17. Insurance benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 civilian workers,2 March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Life insurance Short-term disability Long-term disability

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 44 43 98 30 30 99 25 24 97

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 38 38 98 28 28 99 23 22 98

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 61 60 98 36 35 98 34 32 95

100 workers or more .............................................. 78 76 98 50 49 97 46 45 96

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 71 70 98 47 46 98 39 38 98

500 workers or more .......................................... 84 82 98 53 52 97 54 51 95

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 57 57 99 62 62 99 32 31 96

New England ..................................................... 61 59 97 41 40 98 39 38 98

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 56 56 99 69 69 100 30 29 96

South ..................................................................... 59 58 98 32 31 97 32 31 97

South Atlantic .................................................... 61 59 98 34 33 97 36 34 97

East South Central ............................................ 59 58 98 31 30 97 34 33 97

West South Central ........................................... 57 55 97 27 26 96 26 25 97

Midwest ................................................................. 63 61 97 41 40 97 42 40 96

East North Central ............................................. 63 62 97 43 42 98 43 41 96

West North Central ............................................ 62 61 97 36 34 94 40 38 95

West ...................................................................... 60 59 99 33 33 99 35 35 98

Mountain ............................................................ 64 63 99 35 35 99 39 38 97

Pacific ................................................................ 58 58 99 32 32 99 34 33 99

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for

further explanation. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 17. Standard errors for insurance benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 civilian workers,2 March 2021

Characteristics

Life insurance Short-term disability Long-term disability

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 0.8 0.9 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.2 0.8 0.8 0.4

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.0 1.0 0.2 1.2 1.2 0.3 1.0 1.0 0.5

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.0 1.0 0.3 1.5 1.6 0.5 1.3 1.2 0.8

Professional and related .................................... 1.3 1.3 0.2 1.5 1.5 0.2 1.4 1.4 0.5

Teachers ........................................................ 1.8 1.8 0.4 2.1 2.1 0.5 2.0 2.1 0.6

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.3 2.3 0.4 2.6 2.6 0.7 2.7 2.8 0.9

Registered nurses ......................................... 1.6 1.5 0.4 4.5 4.5 0.8 3.3 3.2 0.5

Service ................................................................... 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.8 1.8 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.6

Protective service .............................................. 3.7 4.3 1.8 2.1 2.4 4.2 2.4 2.3 4.8

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.2 1.2 0.3 1.1 1.1 0.3 1.0 1.0 0.4

Sales and related ............................................... 1.5 1.5 0.7 1.4 1.4 0.3 1.0 1.0 0.8

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.4 1.4 0.2 1.5 1.5 0.4 1.4 1.4 0.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.4 1.4 0.2 1.7 1.7 0.3 1.9 1.8 0.6

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.0 2.0 0.2 2.4 2.4 0.5 1.7 1.7 0.7

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.0 2.0 0.3 2.7 2.6 0.3 3.1 3.0 0.9

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.7 1.7 0.4 1.9 1.8 0.4 1.5 1.5 0.6

Production ......................................................... 1.9 1.9 0.2 2.2 2.3 0.3 2.4 2.3 0.6

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.6 2.5 0.7 2.7 2.6 0.9 2.0 1.9 0.8

Full time ................................................................. 0.8 0.8 0.1 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.9 0.9 0.4

Part time ................................................................ 1.1 1.0 2.7 1.4 1.4 1.2 0.4 0.4 3.4

Union ..................................................................... 1.9 1.9 0.4 1.3 1.2 0.6 1.9 1.8 0.6

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.2 0.9 0.8 0.5

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.2 0.6 0.8 0.8 1.3

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.2 1.0 4.4 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.7 2.4

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.8 1.8 0.3 1.6 1.6 0.4 1.3 1.3 0.5

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.1 1.1 0.2 1.0 1.0 0.4 1.1 1.1 0.6

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.9 0.9 0.1 1.2 1.2 0.1 0.9 0.9 0.6

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.0 1.0 0.1 1.7 1.8 0.2 1.3 1.2 0.7

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.3 1.3 0.2 1.3 1.3 0.2 1.4 1.3 0.7

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.0 1.0 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.5

Education and health services ........................... 1.9 1.9 0.5 1.5 1.5 0.8 1.8 1.8 0.8

Educational services ...................................... 1.2 1.1 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.4 1.2 1.2 0.3

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.4 1.3 0.4 1.2 1.2 0.6 1.6 1.6 0.5

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.3 1.4 0.3 1.4 1.5 0.7 1.3 1.3 0.2

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.9 3.0 0.8 2.2 2.3 1.2 2.8 2.8 1.3

Hospitals .................................................... 1.7 1.5 0.6 3.9 3.8 0.8 2.7 2.7 0.6

Public administration ......................................... 1.1 1.2 0.4 1.6 1.5 0.3 1.7 1.7 0.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 17. Standard errors for insurance benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 civilian workers,2 March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Life insurance Short-term disability Long-term disability

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.1 1.1 0.4 1.1 1.1 0.3 1.1 1.1 0.6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.3 1.3 0.5 1.4 1.4 0.3 1.3 1.3 0.3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.1 2.1 0.4 2.2 2.2 0.8 2.0 1.9 1.7

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.1 1.1 0.3 1.0 1.0 0.3 1.1 1.0 0.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.3 1.3 0.2 1.3 1.3 0.2 1.5 1.4 0.4

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.5 1.5 0.5 1.3 1.3 0.6 1.4 1.4 0.9

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.2 2.2 0.2 1.5 1.5 0.1 1.3 1.4 1.0

New England ..................................................... 3.9 3.9 0.7 2.7 2.6 0.6 3.9 3.6 0.8

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.6 2.6 0.2 1.9 1.9 0.1 1.0 1.1 1.4

South ..................................................................... 1.4 1.5 0.5 1.3 1.3 0.5 1.2 1.3 0.6

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.9 2.0 0.3 1.5 1.6 0.6 1.7 1.6 0.5

East South Central ............................................ 4.0 4.3 0.6 3.4 3.6 2.1 3.0 3.4 2.5

West South Central ........................................... 2.6 2.8 1.5 2.6 2.6 0.5 2.1 2.2 1.2

Midwest ................................................................. 1.4 1.6 0.7 1.6 1.6 0.7 2.2 2.0 1.2

East North Central ............................................. 1.7 1.9 0.7 2.1 1.9 0.3 3.1 2.6 1.3

West North Central ............................................ 2.6 3.1 1.7 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.0 2.6 2.6

West ...................................................................... 1.6 1.7 0.2 1.4 1.4 0.1 1.2 1.1 0.4

Mountain ............................................................ 3.4 3.5 0.2 1.5 1.4 0.4 3.4 3.0 1.0

Pacific ................................................................ 1.8 1.9 0.3 2.0 2.0 0.1 1.0 1.0 0.2

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for

further explanation. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 18. Life insurance plans: Employee contribution

requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers with basic life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 5 95

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 5 95

Management, business, and financial ............... 4 96

Professional and related .................................... 5 95

Teachers ........................................................ 10 90

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 9 91

Registered nurses ......................................... 3 97

Service ................................................................... 4 96

Protective service .............................................. 7 93

Sales and office ..................................................... 6 94

Sales and related ............................................... 6 94

Office and administrative support ...................... 6 94

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 4 96

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 5 95

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 4 96

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 5 95

Production ......................................................... 3 97

Transportation and material moving .................. 7 93

Full time ................................................................. 5 95

Part time ................................................................ 4 96

Union ..................................................................... 7 93

Nonunion ............................................................... 4 96

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 6 94

Second 25 percent ............................................ 5 95

Third 25 percent ................................................ 4 96

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 5 95

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 5 95

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 5 95

Service-providing industries .................................. 5 95

Education and health services ........................... 5 95

Educational services ...................................... 10 90

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 9 91

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 11 89

Health care and social assistance ................. 2 98

Hospitals .................................................... 3 97

Public administration ......................................... 7 93

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 18. Life insurance plans: Employee contribution

requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers with basic life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 4 96

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 4 96

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 5 95

100 workers or more .............................................. 5 95

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 5 95

500 workers or more .......................................... 6 94

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 6 94

New England ..................................................... 9 91

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 5 95

South ..................................................................... 5 95

South Atlantic .................................................... 5 95

East South Central ............................................ 5 95

West South Central ........................................... 6 94

Midwest ................................................................. 4 96

East North Central ............................................. 4 96

West North Central ............................................ 5 95

West ...................................................................... 4 96

Mountain ............................................................ 5 95

Pacific ................................................................ 3 97

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of

Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further

explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 18. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Employee

contribution requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 0.3

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.3 0.3

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.3 0.3

Professional and related .................................... 0.4 0.4

Teachers ........................................................ 0.8 0.8

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 0.9 0.9

Registered nurses ......................................... 0.8 0.8

Service ................................................................... 0.7 0.7

Protective service .............................................. 2.0 2.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.5 0.5

Sales and related ............................................... 0.9 0.9

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.5 0.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.0 1.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.4 1.4

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 0.8 0.8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.7 0.7

Production ......................................................... 0.6 0.6

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.3 1.3

Full time ................................................................. 0.3 0.3

Part time ................................................................ 0.9 0.9

Union ..................................................................... 0.6 0.6

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.3 0.3

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.5 0.5

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.5 0.5

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.4 0.4

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.3 0.3

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.5 0.5

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.7 0.7

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.3 0.3

Education and health services ........................... 0.4 0.4

Educational services ...................................... 0.5 0.5

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.7 0.7

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.4 1.4

Health care and social assistance ................. 0.5 0.5

Hospitals .................................................... 1.3 1.3

Public administration ......................................... 0.9 0.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 18. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Employee

contribution requirement, civilian workers,1 March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.6 0.6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.6 0.6

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.9 0.9

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.3 0.3

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.5 0.5

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.4 0.4

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.7 0.7

New England ..................................................... 1.5 1.5

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.8 0.8

South ..................................................................... 0.4 0.4

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.6 0.6

East South Central ............................................ 0.8 0.8

West South Central ........................................... 0.6 0.6

Midwest ................................................................. 0.5 0.5

East North Central ............................................. 0.5 0.5

West North Central ............................................ 1.1 1.1

West ...................................................................... 0.7 0.7

Mountain ............................................................ 1.9 1.9

Pacific ................................................................ 0.6 0.6

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of

Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further

explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 19. Life insurance plans: Method of benefit payment, civilian workers,1 March

2021

(All workers with basic life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Basic life insurance method of payment

Fixed

multiple of

annual

earnings

Variable

multiple of

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amount

Variable

dollar

amount

Other

All workers ............................................................. 55 2 39 3 1

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 61 2 33 2 2

Management, business, and financial ............... 70 2 26 1 1

Professional and related .................................... 57 2 36 3 2

Teachers ........................................................ 32 3 57 4 4

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 25 3 65 3 5

Registered nurses ......................................... 74 – 18 3 –

Service ................................................................... 44 2 50 3 1

Protective service .............................................. 36 2 53 7 3

Sales and office ..................................................... 61 2 34 2 1

Sales and related ............................................... 61 2 35 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 60 2 34 2 1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 37 2 58 3 1

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 22 – 73 4 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 49 4 45 2 1

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 45 2 47 5 2 ( )

Production ......................................................... 43 – 50 6 –

Transportation and material moving .................. 48 3 44 3 1

Full time ................................................................. 55 2 39 3 1

Part time ................................................................ 45 3 46 6 2 ( )

Union ..................................................................... 37 2 52 8 2 ( )

Nonunion ............................................................... 59 2 37 1 1

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 43 2 51 3 1

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 32 – 61 6 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 52 2 42 2 1

Third 25 percent ................................................ 54 2 40 3 2

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 62 2 33 3 1

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 66 1 31 2 1

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 45 – 51 3 –

Service-providing industries .................................. 57 2 37 3 1

Education and health services ........................... 52 2 41 3 2

Educational services ...................................... 37 3 53 3 4

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 28 3 61 3 5

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 55 3 36 4 2

Health care and social assistance ................. 63 – 32 3 –

Hospitals .................................................... 76 – 17 4 –

Public administration ......................................... 34 3 52 7 3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 19. Life insurance plans: Method of benefit payment, civilian workers,1 March

2021—continued

(All workers with basic life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Basic life insurance method of payment

Fixed

multiple of

annual

earnings

Variable

multiple of

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amount

Variable

dollar

amount

Other

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 46 2 49 2 1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 48 2 48 1 1

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 42 2 52 3 1

100 workers or more .............................................. 60 2 34 3 1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 56 3 38 3 1

500 workers or more .......................................... 64 1 30 4 1

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 61 2 31 5 1

New England ..................................................... 62 – 32 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 61 – 31 6 –

South ..................................................................... 56 2 38 2 2

South Atlantic .................................................... 60 3 33 1 3

East South Central ............................................ 55 4 37 – –

West South Central ........................................... 49 1 47 2 1

Midwest ................................................................. 54 2 40 3 1

East North Central ............................................. 55 2 40 4 2 ( )

West North Central ............................................ 53 – 42 2 –

West ...................................................................... 49 2 47 2 2 ( )

Mountain ............................................................ 53 2 45 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 47 2 49 2 2 ( )

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation

Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Less than 0.5. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not

meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit

Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 19. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Method of benefit payment, civilian

workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Basic life insurance method of payment

Fixed

multiple of

annual

earnings

Variable

multiple of

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amount

Variable

dollar

amount

Other

All workers ............................................................. 1.0 0.2 1.0 0.2 0.2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.3 0.3 1.2 0.3 0.4

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.5 0.3 1.6 0.2 0.4

Professional and related .................................... 1.7 0.4 1.5 0.4 0.5

Teachers ........................................................ 2.3 0.3 2.0 0.7 1.9

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.1 0.4 2.2 0.8 2.1

Registered nurses ......................................... 3.7 – 2.3 1.1 –

Service ................................................................... 3.0 0.3 3.1 0.5 0.2

Protective service .............................................. 3.3 0.6 3.7 1.1 0.9

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.6 0.2 1.6 0.3 0.2

Sales and related ............................................... 2.7 0.4 2.8 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.6 0.3 1.6 0.4 0.3

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.7 0.7 2.5 0.7 0.1

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.2 – 3.1 1.1 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 4.0 1.2 3.5 0.7 0.2

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.8 0.5 1.9 0.6 0.2

Production ......................................................... 2.1 – 2.2 0.9 –

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.6 1.0 2.7 0.6 0.3

Full time ................................................................. 1.0 0.2 1.0 0.2 0.2

Part time ................................................................ 3.0 0.7 3.0 1.0 0.2

Union ..................................................................... 1.5 0.4 1.3 0.8 0.1

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.2 0.2 1.2 0.2 0.2

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2.2 0.2 2.3 0.6 0.1

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 4.0 – 4.1 1.6 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.6 0.4 1.7 0.4 0.1

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.5 0.3 1.5 0.3 0.4

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.3 0.2 1.2 0.3 0.2

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.5 0.2 1.6 0.5 0.2

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.6 – 1.5 0.6 –

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.2 0.2 1.2 0.3 0.2

Education and health services ........................... 2.4 0.4 2.2 0.5 0.4

Educational services ...................................... 1.6 0.3 1.4 0.6 0.9

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.9 0.5 1.6 0.7 1.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.1 0.8 2.2 0.8 0.7

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.5 – 3.4 0.8 –

Hospitals .................................................... 3.8 – 2.6 1.7 –

Public administration ......................................... 2.1 0.4 2.3 0.9 0.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 19. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Method of benefit payment, civilian

workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Basic life insurance method of payment

Fixed

multiple of

annual

earnings

Variable

multiple of

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amount

Variable

dollar

amount

Other

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.9 0.4 1.8 0.3 0.3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.5 0.5 2.4 0.4 0.4

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.5 0.4 2.5 0.7 0.4

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.1 0.2 1.1 0.3 0.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.6 0.4 1.6 0.4 0.2

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.4 0.2 1.2 0.5 0.2

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.9 0.5 2.4 0.7 0.2

New England ..................................................... 4.9 – 3.2 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 3.3 – 2.8 0.7 –

South ..................................................................... 1.8 0.3 1.8 0.3 0.4

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.7 0.5 2.7 0.4 0.6

East South Central ............................................ 2.7 1.0 3.4 – –

West South Central ........................................... 2.6 0.4 2.5 0.9 0.4

Midwest ................................................................. 2.1 0.3 2.1 0.5 0.3

East North Central ............................................. 2.5 0.3 2.8 0.6 0.2

West North Central ............................................ 3.9 – 2.6 1.0 –

West ...................................................................... 1.8 0.4 2.1 0.4 0.1

Mountain ............................................................ 2.2 0.7 2.5 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 2.5 0.5 2.8 0.4 0.2

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation

Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 20. Life insurance plans: Fixed multiple of annual earnings benefit formulas, civilian workers,1 March

2021

(All workers with fixed multiple of annual earnings formula life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Multiple of annual earnings amounts2

Mean

multiple of

annual

earnings

Median

multiple of

annual

earnings

Less than

1.0 times

earnings

1.0 times

earnings

Over 1.0

and under

2.0 times

earnings

2.0 times

earnings

Greater

than 2.0

times

earnings

All workers ............................................................. 1 65 10 20 4 1.3 1.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ – 61 11 23 – 1.4 1.0

Management, business, and financial ............... – 60 10 23 – 1.4 1.0

Professional and related .................................... 1 61 12 22 4 1.4 1.0

Teachers ........................................................ – 46 21 23 – 1.6 1.4

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 49 26 21 5 1.5 1.3

Registered nurses ......................................... – 85 8 5 – 1.1 1.0

Service ................................................................... – 73 – 10 3 1.2 1.0

Protective service .............................................. – 61 9 18 – 1.5 1.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 1 67 8 21 4 1.3 1.0

Sales and related ............................................... – 74 6 17 – 1.3 1.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 1 64 9 22 4 1.3 1.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 66 10 19 – 1.4 1.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 71 – – 6 1.3 1.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. – 64 10 21 – 1.4 1.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1 67 10 20 2 1.3 1.0

Production ......................................................... – 57 11 28 – 1.4 1.0

Transportation and material moving .................. – 78 9 12 – 1.2 1.0

Full time ................................................................. 1 64 10 21 4 1.3 1.0

Part time ................................................................ – 81 7 11 – 1.2 1.0

Union ..................................................................... – 65 13 16 – 1.3 1.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 1 65 10 21 4 1.3 1.0

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. – 75 10 13 – 1.2 1.0

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 73 15 10 – 1.2 1.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ 4 ( ) 69 12 16 3 1.3 1.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1 64 10 20 5 1.3 1.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1 60 10 25 5 1.4 1.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1 57 9 27 5 1.4 1.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1 55 12 27 5 1.5 1.0

Service-providing industries .................................. 1 66 10 19 4 1.3 1.0

Education and health services ........................... 1 67 15 13 4 1.3 1.0

Educational services ...................................... – 47 20 24 – 1.5 1.3

Elementary and secondary schools ........... – 46 24 24 6 1.5 1.5

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 48 16 24 – 1.5 1.0

Health care and social assistance ................. – 76 12 9 – 1.2 1.0

Hospitals .................................................... – 78 10 10 – 1.2 1.0

Public administration ......................................... – 57 15 21 6 1.4 1.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 20. Life insurance plans: Fixed multiple of annual earnings benefit formulas, civilian workers,1 March

2021—continued

(All workers with fixed multiple of annual earnings formula life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Multiple of annual earnings amounts2

Mean

multiple of

annual

earnings

Median

multiple of

annual

earnings

Less than

1.0 times

earnings

1.0 times

earnings

Over 1.0

and under

2.0 times

earnings

2.0 times

earnings

Greater

than 2.0

times

earnings

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1 62 14 17 5 1.4 1.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1 62 16 16 5 1.4 1.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 63 11 20 – 1.4 1.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 1 66 8 22 4 1.3 1.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – 65 9 22 – 1.3 1.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 1 66 7 22 4 1.3 1.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 3 62 13 17 6 1.4 1.0

New England ..................................................... – 63 9 24 – 1.4 1.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 3 62 14 14 6 1.4 1.0

South ..................................................................... 4 ( ) 68 9 20 3 1.3 1.0

South Atlantic .................................................... – 68 9 20 – 1.3 1.0

East South Central ............................................ – 67 – 20 – 1.3 1.0

West South Central ........................................... – 70 7 21 – 1.3 1.0

Midwest ................................................................. – 64 9 22 – 1.3 1.0

East North Central ............................................. – 65 8 23 – 1.3 1.0

West North Central ............................................ – 62 13 19 – 1.4 1.0

West ...................................................................... – 61 12 23 – 1.4 1.0

Mountain ............................................................ – 61 – 22 4 1.4 1.0

Pacific ................................................................ – 61 11 23 – 1.4 1.0

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Includes participants in plans in which insurance equaled a multiple of earnings plus or minus a specified amount. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021. 4 Less than 0.5.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 20. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Fixed multiple of annual earnings benefit formulas,

civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Multiple of annual earnings amounts2

Mean

multiple of

annual

earnings

Median

multiple of

annual

earnings

Less than

1.0 times

earnings

1.0 times

earnings

Over 1.0

and under

2.0 times

earnings

2.0 times

earnings

Greater

than 2.0

times

earnings

All workers ............................................................. 0.2 1.3 0.8 1.0 0.5 3 ( ) 0.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ – 2.1 1.0 1.6 – 3 ( ) 0.0

Management, business, and financial ............... – 2.0 0.9 1.8 – 3 ( ) 0.0

Professional and related .................................... 0.2 2.7 1.4 1.8 0.9 3 ( ) 0.0

Teachers ........................................................ – 2.4 2.2 2.6 – 0.1 0.2

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 2.8 3.1 3.2 2.2 0.1 0.2

Registered nurses ......................................... – 2.8 2.1 1.3 – 3 ( ) 0.0

Service ................................................................... – 4.6 – 1.3 0.8 3 ( ) 0.0

Protective service .............................................. – 5.4 2.7 4.0 – 0.1 0.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.2 1.5 1.3 1.4 0.6 3 ( ) 0.0

Sales and related ............................................... – 2.5 0.8 1.7 – 3 ( ) 0.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.2 2.3 1.9 1.7 0.9 3 ( ) 0.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 3.8 1.8 3.1 – 3 ( ) 0.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 8.3 – – 2.2 0.1 0.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. – 3.9 2.2 2.9 – 0.1 0.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.3 3.0 1.5 2.0 0.9 3 ( ) 0.0

Production ......................................................... – 3.7 2.2 2.7 – 0.1 0.0

Transportation and material moving .................. – 3.3 1.8 2.6 – 3 ( ) 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.2 1.3 0.8 1.0 0.5 3 ( ) 0.0

Part time ................................................................ – 3.3 1.8 2.3 – 3 ( ) 0.0

Union ..................................................................... – 2.0 1.3 1.9 – 3 ( ) 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.3 1.4 0.9 1.1 0.5 3 ( ) 0.0

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. – 2.7 1.6 2.0 – 3 ( ) 0.0

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 4.8 4.3 2.2 – 3 ( ) 0.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.2 2.2 2.2 1.0 0.5 3 ( ) 0.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.5 2.2 0.9 1.5 0.9 3 ( ) 0.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.2 1.6 0.8 1.6 0.7 3 ( ) 0.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.3 2.5 1.0 2.2 0.8 3 ( ) 0.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.2 2.6 1.7 1.9 1.2 3 ( ) 0.0

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.3 1.5 0.9 1.1 0.5 3 ( ) 0.0

Education and health services ........................... 0.3 2.8 2.2 1.3 0.9 3 ( ) 0.0

Educational services ...................................... – 1.7 2.0 2.1 – 3 ( ) 0.2

Elementary and secondary schools ........... – 2.7 2.9 3.1 1.8 0.1 0.3

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 2.4 2.7 2.8 – 3 ( ) 0.1

Health care and social assistance ................. – 3.9 3.1 1.7 – 3 ( ) 0.0

Hospitals .................................................... – 4.4 2.9 2.8 – 3 ( ) 0.0

Public administration ......................................... – 3.9 3.1 3.1 1.9 3 ( ) 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 20. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Fixed multiple of annual earnings benefit formulas,

civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Multiple of annual earnings amounts2

Mean

multiple of

annual

earnings

Median

multiple of

annual

earnings

Less than

1.0 times

earnings

1.0 times

earnings

Over 1.0

and under

2.0 times

earnings

2.0 times

earnings

Greater

than 2.0

times

earnings

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.4 2.4 1.8 1.7 1.0 3 ( ) 0.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.6 3.0 2.5 2.2 1.3 3 ( ) 0.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 2.9 1.9 2.9 – 3 ( ) 0.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.2 1.3 0.6 1.1 0.5 3 ( ) 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – 2.3 1.1 1.8 – 3 ( ) 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.2 1.9 0.7 1.7 0.8 3 ( ) 0.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.1 3.7 1.6 2.5 1.7 3 ( ) 0.0

New England ..................................................... – 6.3 2.6 5.0 – 0.1 0.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.5 4.1 2.0 2.3 2.2 0.1 0.0

South ..................................................................... 0.2 1.9 1.0 1.7 0.5 3 ( ) 0.0

South Atlantic .................................................... – 2.2 1.1 1.8 – 3 ( ) 0.0

East South Central ............................................ – 4.9 – 4.5 – 3 ( ) 0.0

West South Central ........................................... – 4.6 1.7 4.5 – 3 ( ) 0.0

Midwest ................................................................. – 2.6 1.1 2.1 – 3 ( ) 0.0

East North Central ............................................. – 3.4 1.3 2.8 – 3 ( ) 0.0

West North Central ............................................ – 3.7 1.9 2.8 – 3 ( ) 0.0

West ...................................................................... – 2.8 2.6 2.0 – 3 ( ) 0.0

Mountain ............................................................ – 6.3 – 2.6 1.1 3 ( ) 0.0

Pacific ................................................................ – 2.7 2.2 2.8 – 3 ( ) 0.0

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Includes participants in plans in which insurance equaled a multiple of earnings plus or minus a specified amount. 3 Less than 0.05. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 21. Life insurance plans: Maximum benefit amount, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers with fixed multiple of earnings formula life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum benefit amount2

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 78 $50,000 $90,000 $250,000 $565,000 $1,500,000 22

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 78 50,000 100,000 300,000 750,000 – 22

Management, business, and financial ............... 80 50,000 100,000 300,000 600,000 1,500,000 20

Professional and related .................................... 77 50,000 100,000 300,000 1,000,000 – 23

Teachers ........................................................ 59 50,000 50,000 – 300,000 500,000 41

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 50 50,000 50,000 – 300,000 500,000 50

Registered nurses ......................................... 87 – – 500,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 13

Service ................................................................... 79 50,000 100,000 200,000 – – 21

Protective service .............................................. 66 50,000 – 150,000 300,000 – 34

Sales and office ..................................................... 82 50,000 50,000 200,000 500,000 – 18

Sales and related ............................................... 85 50,000 50,000 200,000 500,000 1,000,000 15

Office and administrative support ...................... 80 50,000 70,000 240,000 500,000 1,500,000 20

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 82 50,000 50,000 200,000 500,000 – 18

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 80 50,000 50,000 200,000 500,000 – 20

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 70 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 1,000,000 30

Production ......................................................... 70 50,000 100,000 250,000 500,000 – 30

Transportation and material moving .................. 70 50,000 – – 500,000 – 30

Full time ................................................................. 79 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 1,500,000 21

Part time ................................................................ 64 50,000 100,000 – 1,000,000 – 36

Union ..................................................................... 68 50,000 70,000 150,000 500,000 1,000,000 32

Nonunion ............................................................... 80 50,000 100,000 250,000 600,000 1,500,000 20

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 79 50,000 50,000 150,000 500,000 750,000 21

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 81 50,000 – – 500,000 1,000,000 19

Second 25 percent ............................................ 80 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 – 20

Third 25 percent ................................................ 81 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 – 19

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 75 50,000 100,000 300,000 – 2,000,000 25

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 75 50,000 100,000 300,000 – 2,000,000 25

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 73 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 – 27

Service-providing industries .................................. 79 50,000 – 250,000 600,000 1,500,000 21

Education and health services ........................... 79 50,000 100,000 250,000 – 1,000,000 21

Educational services ...................................... 64 50,000 50,000 175,000 300,000 500,000 36

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 53 50,000 50,000 – 300,000 500,000 47

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 74 50,000 50,000 175,000 400,000 500,000 26

Health care and social assistance ................. 85 50,000 100,000 300,000 – 1,000,000 15

Hospitals .................................................... 89 50,000 150,000 500,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 11

Public administration ......................................... 62 40,000 – 150,000 250,000 500,000 38

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 21. Life insurance plans: Maximum benefit amount, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers with fixed multiple of earnings formula life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum benefit amount2

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 81 $50,000 $100,000 $200,000 $500,000 – 19

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 83 50,000 100,000 250,000 – $2,000,000 17

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 76 50,000 – 175,000 500,000 1,000,000 24

100 workers or more .............................................. 77 50,000 – 300,000 – 1,500,000 23

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 78 50,000 50,000 200,000 500,000 1,000,000 22

500 workers or more .......................................... 76 50,000 100,000 375,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 24

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 73 50,000 100,000 250,000 – 1,000,000 27

New England ..................................................... 63 50,000 – 200,000 – – 37

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 77 50,000 100,000 250,000 – 1,000,000 23

South ..................................................................... 81 50,000 50,000 250,000 500,000 – 19

South Atlantic .................................................... 80 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 1,000,000 20

West South Central ........................................... 82 50,000 50,000 200,000 – – 18

Midwest ................................................................. 76 50,000 100,000 250,000 500,000 – 24

East North Central ............................................. 76 50,000 100,000 250,000 500,000 1,000,000 24

West North Central ............................................ 78 50,000 – 300,000 500,000 – 22

West ...................................................................... 80 50,000 100,000 300,000 – 2,000,000 20

Mountain ............................................................ 80 50,000 130,000 – – – 20

Pacific ................................................................ 81 50,000 – 250,000 – 2,000,000 19

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile,

one-fourth of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 21. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Maximum benefit amount, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum benefit amount2

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 1.0 $0.00 $25,823.10 $11,684.61 $111,434.15 $290,400.15 1.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.4 0.00 0.00 12,903.49 206,254.09 – 1.4

Management, business, and financial ............... 2.1 0.00 4,562.07 65,795.14 118,241.30 208,861.20 2.1

Professional and related .................................... 1.6 0.00 0.00 45,620.72 186,096.75 – 1.6

Teachers ........................................................ 3.1 0.00 6,451.74 – 18,248.29 0.00 3.1

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 4.4 0.00 6,451.74 – 54,744.86 132,849.54 4.4

Registered nurses ......................................... 2.8 – – 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.8

Service ................................................................... 3.0 0.00 9,124.14 49,135.02 – – 3.0

Protective service .............................................. 4.4 0.00 – 0.00 69,241.37 – 4.4

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.4 0.00 0.00 21,668.64 0.00 – 1.4

Sales and related ............................................... 2.4 0.00 0.00 22,349.50 0.00 81,608.82 2.4

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.7 0.00 12,035.57 59,370.07 0.00 430,385.00 1.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.7 0.00 11,684.61 52,015.62 0.00 – 2.7

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 3.3 0.00 0.00 35,921.79 0.00 – 3.3

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 2.4 0.00 – 61,206.62 0.00 166,249.81 2.4

Production ......................................................... 4.0 0.00 28,490.13 42,796.03 0.00 – 4.0

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.6 0.00 – – 0.00 – 2.6

Full time ................................................................. 1.0 0.00 – 9,124.14 107,452.05 262,547.14 1.0

Part time ................................................................ 6.5 0.00 0.00 – 104,828.43 – 6.5

Union ..................................................................... 2.3 0.00 8,559.21 28,853.08 57,706.15 45,620.72 2.3

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.1 0.00 27,296.29 72,787.57 124,436.73 317,252.66 1.1

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2.1 0.00 0.00 33,449.66 108,630.97 155,913.44 2.1

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 5.3 0.00 – – 48,280.43 177,393.63 5.3

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.8 0.00 – 57,373.38 0.00 – 1.8

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.5 0.00 – 15,803.48 25,806.98 – 1.5

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.5 0.00 0.00 9,124.14 – 418,120.80 1.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.9 0.00 5,320.24 12,903.49 – 474,104.42 1.9

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 2.7 0.00 – 22,349.50 18,248.29 – 2.7

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.1 0.00 – 24,140.22 126,904.34 354,200.16 1.1

Education and health services ........................... 2.3 0.00 24,363.34 26,127.57 – 0.00 2.3

Educational services ...................................... 2.0 0.00 0.00 45,199.06 4,741.04 0.00 2.0

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 3.7 0.00 6,451.74 – 53,202.44 0.00 3.7

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.2 0.00 0.00 46,765.13 63,292.89 0.00 2.2

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.2 0.00 0.00 71,261.84 – 0.00 3.2

Hospitals .................................................... 2.3 0.00 0.00 9,124.14 0.00 0.00 2.3

Public administration ......................................... 3.9 8,362.42 – 1,731.18 48,280.43 0.00 3.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 21. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Maximum benefit amount, civilian workers,1 March

2021—continued

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum benefit amount2

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.9 $0.00 $19,355.23 $59,831.01 $102,852.21 – 1.9

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.4 0.00 6,451.74 32,834.24 – $474,104.42 2.4

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 3.0 0.00 – 31,934.50 48,280.43 193,981.96 3.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.1 0.00 – 22,349.50 – 434,332.25 1.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.7 0.00 0.00 52,612.38 0.00 0.00 1.7

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.4 0.00 0.00 97,739.13 202,177.52 129,034.88 1.4

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 3.0 0.00 0.00 57,155.31 – 0.00 3.0

New England ..................................................... 7.6 0.00 – 59,131.21 – – 7.6

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.2 0.00 0.00 71,454.34 – 0.00 2.2

South ..................................................................... 1.8 0.00 11,861.39 10,160.22 0.00 – 1.8

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.2 0.00 – 33,474.54 0.00 155,378.57 2.2

West South Central ........................................... 4.3 0.00 0.00 56,980.26 – – 4.3

Midwest ................................................................. 1.9 0.00 22,030.60 32,897.57 0.00 – 1.9

East North Central ............................................. 2.5 0.00 19,590.37 63,141.45 0.00 0.00 2.5

West North Central ............................................ 2.9 0.00 – 12,903.49 96,560.86 – 2.9

West ...................................................................... 1.7 0.00 4,913.50 65,184.97 – 0.00 1.7

Mountain ............................................................ 1.4 0.00 31,738.38 – – – 1.4

Pacific ................................................................ 2.4 0.00 – 72,028.74 – 158,034.81 2.4

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth

of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 22. Life insurance plans: Flat-dollar amount benefit formulas,1 civilian workers,2

March 2021

(Includes workers participating in life insurance plans with flat-dollar amount formulas)

Characteristics

Flat dollar amount3

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. $10,000 – $25,000 $50,000 $50,000

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 10,000 $15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Management, business, and financial ............... 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Professional and related .................................... – 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Teachers ........................................................ 6,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Registered nurses ......................................... 6,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 52,000

Service ................................................................... – 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000

Protective service .............................................. 5,000 10,000 20,000 – 50,000

Sales and office ..................................................... – 15,000 20,000 40,000 50,000

Sales and related ............................................... – 15,000 20,000 25,000 50,000

Office and administrative support ...................... – – – 50,000 50,000

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 10,000 10,000 20,000 30,000 50,000

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 10,000 10,000 20,000 30,000 50,000

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 10,000 15,000 20,000 – 50,000

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 10,000 15,000 20,000 – 50,000

Production ......................................................... 10,000 15,000 20,000 30,000 50,000

Transportation and material moving .................. 10,000 15,000 25,000 40,000 50,000

Full time ................................................................. 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Part time ................................................................ 5,000 10,000 10,000 25,000 50,000

Union ..................................................................... 5,000 10,000 20,000 45,000 50,000

Nonunion ............................................................... 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 10,000 10,000 20,000 25,000 50,000

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 10,000 15,000 25,000 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 10,000 15,000 20,000 30,000 50,000

Third 25 percent ................................................ 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 52,000

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 6,000 15,000 40,000 50,000 –

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 10,000 15,000 20,000 30,000 50,000

Service-providing industries .................................. 10,000 – 25,000 50,000 50,000

Education and health services ........................... 6,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Educational services ...................................... 6,000 – 25,000 50,000 50,000

Elementary and secondary schools ........... – 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 5,000 – 25,000 50,000 50,000

Health care and social assistance ................. – 15,000 25,000 50,000 52,000

Hospitals .................................................... 5,000 – – 50,000 52,000

Public administration ......................................... 5,000 10,000 20,000 40,000 50,000

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 22. Life insurance plans: Flat-dollar amount benefit formulas,1 civilian workers,2

March 2021—continued

(Includes workers participating in life insurance plans with flat-dollar amount formulas)

Characteristics

Flat dollar amount3

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... $10,000 $15,000 $25,000 $50,000 $50,000

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 10,000 – 25,000 50,000 50,000

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

100 workers or more .............................................. 6,000 10,000 20,000 40,000 50,000

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 10,000 – 20,000 35,000 50,000

500 workers or more .......................................... 5,000 10,000 20,000 50,000 50,000

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 6,000 10,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

New England ..................................................... 5,000 10,000 25,000 – 50,000

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 6,000 – 25,000 50,000 50,000

South ..................................................................... 10,000 – 20,000 30,000 50,000

South Atlantic .................................................... 10,000 12,500 25,000 – 50,000

East South Central ............................................ – 15,000 – 40,000 50,000

West South Central ........................................... 5,000 10,000 – 25,000 50,000

Midwest ................................................................. 10,000 15,000 25,000 – 50,000

East North Central ............................................. 10,000 15,000 25,000 40,000 50,000

West North Central ............................................ 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

West ...................................................................... 10,000 – 25,000 50,000 –

Mountain ............................................................ 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Pacific ................................................................ – 10,000 – 50,000 –

1 Includes participants in plans providing a fixed benefit amount. Dollar amounts can be a flat amount or can vary by the

employee’s earnings or length of service. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation

Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 3 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th

percentile or median, half of participating workers receive the same as or more than the amount shown, and half receive the same as

or less than the amount shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers receive the same or less than the amount

shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 22. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Flat-dollar amount benefit formulas,1

civilian workers,2 March 2021

Characteristics

Flat dollar amount3

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. $0.00 – $4,776.03 $2,264.55 $0.00

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.00 $0.00 0.00 0.00 1,210.45

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5,779.26

Professional and related .................................... – 0.00 0.00 0.00 893.98

Teachers ........................................................ 729.93 0.00 2,249.80 0.00 0.00

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 712.62 0.00 3,467.17 0.00 0.00

Registered nurses ......................................... 1,482.50 1,425.24 6,255.20 0.00 2,308.25

Service ................................................................... – 0.00 3,533.77 7,262.73 0.00

Protective service .............................................. 0.00 0.00 3,160.70 – 0.00

Sales and office ..................................................... – 1,207.01 3,939.26 9,738.70 0.00

Sales and related ............................................... – 790.17 912.41 0.00 0.00

Office and administrative support ...................... – – – 5,683.40 0.00

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 0.00 912.41 0.00 3,176.46 0.00

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 0.00 0.00 0.00 5,756.17 0.00

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 0.00 645.17 0.00 – 0.00

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.00 0.00 0.00 – 0.00

Production ......................................................... 0.00 0.00 0.00 2,867.94 0.00

Transportation and material moving .................. 0.00 0.00 6,948.74 3,160.70 0.00

Full time ................................................................. 0.00 0.00 0.00 912.41 0.00

Part time ................................................................ 182.48 2,812.25 1,290.35 0.00 7,795.67

Union ..................................................................... 1,277.38 0.00 5,440.93 7,228.26 0.00

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.00 0.00 4,375.79 1,824.83 0.00

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2,470.27 0.00 3,871.05 0.00 5,793.65

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 0.00 4,181.21 912.41 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.00 3,578.25 0.00 4,068.18 0.00

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 645.17 0.00 2,791.45 0.00 7,022.63

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 376.20 1,706.97 8,702.76 0.00 –

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.00 0.00 0.00 4,322.19 0.00

Service-providing industries .................................. 1,735.99 – 0.00 0.00 0.00

Education and health services ........................... 729.93 3,107.24 0.00 0.00 1,632.18

Educational services ...................................... 0.00 – 0.00 0.00 0.00

Elementary and secondary schools ........... – 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 0.00 – 0.00 7,198.25 0.00

Health care and social assistance ................. – 2,638.12 0.00 1,824.83 2,515.35

Hospitals .................................................... 0.00 – – 1,032.28 5,983.10

Public administration ......................................... 0.00 0.00 0.00 11,510.97 0.00

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 22. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Flat-dollar amount benefit formulas,1

civilian workers,2 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Flat dollar amount3

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.00 – 6,321.39 6,321.39 0.00

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9,222.16

100 workers or more .............................................. 1,052.25 516.14 912.41 9,787.96 0.00

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.00 – 1,168.46 6,396.59 0.00

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.00 0.00 4,659.57 3,223.29 1,365.58

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1,303.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

New England ..................................................... 0.00 0.00 6,905.48 – 0.00

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.00 – 1,401.68 0.00 1,824.83

South ..................................................................... 0.00 – 0.00 6,260.52 0.00

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.00 3,413.94 6,046.77 – 0.00

East South Central ............................................ – 0.00 – 11,896.43 0.00

West South Central ........................................... 524.14 0.00 – 6,827.88 0.00

Midwest ................................................................. 0.00 0.00 0.00 – 0.00

East North Central ............................................. 0.00 0.00 0.00 2,931.11 0.00

West North Central ............................................ 0.00 0.00 6,321.39 10,999.04 0.00

West ...................................................................... 0.00 – 5,624.50 0.00 –

Mountain ............................................................ 0.00 0.00 2,234.95 0.00 0.00

Pacific ................................................................ – 2,234.95 – 0.00 –

1 Includes participants in plans providing a fixed benefit amount. Dollar amounts can be a flat amount or can vary by the

employee’s earnings or length of service. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation

Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 3 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th

percentile or median, half of participating workers receive the same as or more than the amount shown, and half receive the same as

or less than the amount shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers receive the same or less than the amount

shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 23. Short-term disability plans: Method of funding,

civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Noncommercially

insured2

Insured3

All workers ............................................................. 37 63

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 39 61

Management, business, and financial ............... 43 57

Professional and related .................................... 37 63

Teachers ........................................................ 45 55

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 43 57

Registered nurses ......................................... 38 62

Service ................................................................... 33 67

Protective service .............................................. 35 65

Sales and office ..................................................... 43 57

Sales and related ............................................... 43 57

Office and administrative support ...................... 43 57

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 28 72

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 20 80

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 35 65

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 30 70

Production ......................................................... 33 67

Transportation and material moving .................. 26 74

Full time ................................................................. 38 62

Part time ................................................................ 26 74

Union ..................................................................... 32 68

Nonunion ............................................................... 38 62

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 32 68

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 25 75

Second 25 percent ............................................ 37 63

Third 25 percent ................................................ 34 66

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 41 59

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 42 58

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 32 68

Service-providing industries .................................. 38 62

Education and health services ........................... 34 66

Educational services ...................................... 46 54

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 43 57

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 57 43

Health care and social assistance ................. 29 71

Hospitals .................................................... 45 55

Public administration ......................................... 39 61

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. Short-term disability plans: Method of funding,

civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Noncommercially

insured2

Insured3

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 25 75

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 25 75

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 26 74

100 workers or more .............................................. 45 55

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 42 58

500 workers or more .......................................... 48 52

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 21 79

New England ..................................................... 37 63

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 18 82

South ..................................................................... 46 54

South Atlantic .................................................... 47 53

East South Central ............................................ 35 65

West South Central ........................................... 49 51

Midwest ................................................................. 45 55

East North Central ............................................. 45 55

West North Central ............................................ 45 55

West ...................................................................... 39 61

Mountain ............................................................ 44 56

Pacific ................................................................ 37 63

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook

of Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for

further explanation. 2 Employer assumes all risks and expenses of providing the benefit. 3 An entity other than the establishment assumes the risk for providing the benefit. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for

the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March

2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no

workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans,

key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 23. Standard errors for short-term disability plans:

Method of funding, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Noncommercially

insured2

Insured3

All workers ............................................................. 1.2 1.2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.8 1.8

Management, business, and financial ............... 2.8 2.8

Professional and related .................................... 2.2 2.2

Teachers ........................................................ 4.9 4.9

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 6.3 6.3

Registered nurses ......................................... 5.0 5.0

Service ................................................................... 4.9 4.9

Protective service .............................................. 4.2 4.2

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.5 1.5

Sales and related ............................................... 2.7 2.7

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.6 1.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.5 2.5

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.8 3.8

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.6 2.6

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.8 1.8

Production ......................................................... 1.7 1.7

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.8 2.8

Full time ................................................................. 1.1 1.1

Part time ................................................................ 3.6 3.6

Union ..................................................................... 1.9 1.9

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.3 1.3

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 3.2 3.2

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 5.5 5.5

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.8 1.8

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.3 1.3

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2.0 2.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 3.0 3.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.3 1.3

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.4 1.4

Education and health services ........................... 2.9 2.9

Educational services ...................................... 2.0 2.0

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 2.5 2.5

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.6 2.6

Health care and social assistance ................. 4.1 4.1

Hospitals .................................................... 4.7 4.7

Public administration ......................................... 3.1 3.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. Standard errors for short-term disability plans:

Method of funding, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Noncommercially

insured2

Insured3

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.1 2.1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.6 2.6

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 3.7 3.7

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.6 1.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2.2 2.2

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.0 2.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.6 1.6

New England ..................................................... 4.5 4.5

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.6 1.6

South ..................................................................... 2.4 2.4

South Atlantic .................................................... 3.0 3.0

East South Central ............................................ 9.0 9.0

West South Central ........................................... 2.9 2.9

Midwest ................................................................. 1.9 1.9

East North Central ............................................. 2.3 2.3

West North Central ............................................ 3.5 3.5

West ...................................................................... 3.5 3.5

Mountain ............................................................ 5.5 5.5

Pacific ................................................................ 4.5 4.5

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook

of Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for

further explanation. 2 Employer assumes all risks and expenses of providing the benefit. 3 An entity other than the establishment assumes the risk for providing the benefit. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for

the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March

2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 24. Short-term disability plans: Employee contribution

requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 13 87

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 10 90

Management, business, and financial ............... 8 92

Professional and related .................................... 11 89

Teachers ........................................................ 14 86

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 11 89

Registered nurses ......................................... 15 85

Service ................................................................... 26 74

Protective service .............................................. 16 84

Sales and office ..................................................... 15 85

Sales and related ............................................... 16 84

Office and administrative support ...................... 14 86

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 10 90

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 7 93

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 12 88

Production ......................................................... 12 88

Transportation and material moving .................. 12 88

Full time ................................................................. 10 90

Part time ................................................................ 39 61

Union ..................................................................... 12 88

Nonunion ............................................................... 14 86

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 28 72

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 40 60

Second 25 percent ............................................ 12 88

Third 25 percent ................................................ 11 89

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 10 90

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 10 90

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 9 91

Service-providing industries .................................. 14 86

Education and health services ........................... 17 83

Educational services ...................................... 15 85

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 14 86

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 10 90

Health care and social assistance ................. 18 82

Hospitals .................................................... 17 83

Public administration ......................................... 14 86

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Short-term disability plans: Employee contribution

requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 18 82

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 17 83

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 21 79

100 workers or more .............................................. 10 90

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 12 88

500 workers or more .......................................... 8 92

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 32 68

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 37 63

South ..................................................................... 6 94

South Atlantic .................................................... 8 92

East South Central ............................................ 5 95

West South Central ........................................... 4 96

Midwest ................................................................. 4 96

East North Central ............................................. 4 96

West North Central ............................................ 5 95

West ...................................................................... 5 95

Mountain ............................................................ 2 98

Pacific ................................................................ 7 93

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of

Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further

explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major plans,

key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 24. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Employee

contribution requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 0.8 0.8

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.8 0.8

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.0 1.0

Professional and related .................................... 1.1 1.1

Teachers ........................................................ 3.1 3.1

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.0 2.0

Registered nurses ......................................... 3.3 3.3

Service ................................................................... 3.8 3.8

Protective service .............................................. 2.8 2.8

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.8 0.8

Sales and related ............................................... 1.2 1.2

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.0 1.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 0.9 0.9

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.0 1.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.6 1.6

Production ......................................................... 1.6 1.6

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.5 2.5

Full time ................................................................. 0.6 0.6

Part time ................................................................ 4.4 4.4

Union ..................................................................... 1.0 1.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.9 0.9

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 4.8 4.8

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 5.3 5.3

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.1 1.1

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.2 1.2

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.9 0.9

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.2 1.2

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.3 1.3

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.0 1.0

Education and health services ........................... 1.7 1.7

Educational services ...................................... 1.4 1.4

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 2.6 2.6

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.4 1.4

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.4 2.4

Hospitals .................................................... 2.8 2.8

Public administration ......................................... 1.8 1.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Employee

contribution requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.8 1.8

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.3 2.3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.8 2.8

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.6 0.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.0 1.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.8 0.8

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.2 2.2

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.7 2.7

South ..................................................................... 0.9 0.9

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.4 1.4

East South Central ............................................ 1.8 1.8

West South Central ........................................... 0.6 0.6

Midwest ................................................................. 0.8 0.8

East North Central ............................................. 0.9 0.9

West North Central ............................................ 1.4 1.4

West ...................................................................... 1.2 1.2

Mountain ............................................................ 0.6 0.6

Pacific ................................................................ 1.8 1.8

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of

Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further

explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 25. Short-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment, civilian workers,1

March 2021

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics Flat dollar

amounts

Dollar

amount

varies

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Other

All workers ............................................................. 3 1 74 21 1

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 71 28 1

Management, business, and financial ............... – – 60 38 1

Professional and related .................................... 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 77 21 1

Teachers ........................................................ – – 86 11 3

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – – 87 9 3

Registered nurses ......................................... – – 87 – –

Service ................................................................... 1 – 93 5 –

Protective service .............................................. – – 90 9 –

Sales and office ..................................................... 1 2 ( ) 72 26 2 ( )

Sales and related ............................................... 2 – 72 26 –

Office and administrative support ...................... 1 – 73 25 –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 12 3 68 17 –

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 21 3 68 7 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 4 4 67 25 –

Production, transportation, and material moving:

 Transportation and material moving ................... – 7 79 10 –

Full time ................................................................. 3 1 72 22 1

Part time ................................................................ – 1 87 12 –

Union ..................................................................... 12 7 66 15 1

Nonunion ............................................................... 2 2 ( ) 75 22 1

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2 – 88 9 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 4 1 79 16 2 ( )

Third 25 percent ................................................ 3 3 74 20 2 ( )

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2 1 65 31 1

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – – 65 32 2

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 12 – 65 19 –

Service-providing industries .................................. 1 1 76 22 1

Education and health services ........................... – – 93 6 1

Educational services ...................................... – – 86 11 2

Elementary and secondary schools ........... – – 90 7 3

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – – 80 19 –

Health care and social assistance ................. – – 96 3 –

Hospitals .................................................... – – 93 7 –

Public administration ......................................... – – 94 6 –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 25. Short-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment, civilian workers,1

March 2021—continued

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics Flat dollar

amounts

Dollar

amount

varies

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Other

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 3 2 ( ) 81 15 1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3 2 ( ) 81 15 1

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 4 – 79 16 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 3 2 70 25 1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 3 1 74 21 1

500 workers or more .......................................... 3 3 65 29 1

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1 – 83 15 –

New England ..................................................... 2 – 74 22 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1 – 85 14 –

South ..................................................................... 2 – 72 25 –

South Atlantic .................................................... 2 – 72 25 –

East South Central ............................................ 2 – 79 18 –

West South Central ........................................... 2 – 66 31 –

Midwest ................................................................. 9 3 64 23 1

East North Central ............................................. 9 3 63 24 1

West North Central ............................................ 9 – 66 19 –

West ...................................................................... 1 1 75 21 1

Mountain ............................................................ 3 – 71 24 –

Pacific ................................................................ – – 77 20 2

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation

Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Less than 0.5. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not

meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit

Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 25. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment,

civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics Flat dollar

amounts

Dollar

amount

varies

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Other

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 0.2 1.1 1.0 0.1

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.1 0.1 1.8 1.7 0.3

Management, business, and financial ............... – – 2.5 2.5 0.3

Professional and related .................................... 0.2 0.1 1.8 1.6 0.4

Teachers ........................................................ – – 2.3 1.9 1.1

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – – 3.2 2.7 1.3

Registered nurses ......................................... – – 4.7 – –

Service ................................................................... 0.7 – 1.6 1.3 –

Protective service .............................................. – – 2.6 2.5 –

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.2 0.1 1.2 1.1 0.2

Sales and related ............................................... 0.4 – 1.7 1.7 –

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.2 – 1.8 1.9 –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.7 0.8 2.8 2.4 –

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.1 1.0 4.6 2.7 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.3 1.6 3.4 3.0 –

Production, transportation, and material moving:

 Transportation and material moving ................... – 2.1 2.6 2.0 –

Full time ................................................................. 0.3 0.3 1.2 1.1 0.1

Part time ................................................................ – 0.1 2.1 2.0 –

Union ..................................................................... 1.3 1.3 2.0 1.3 0.3

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.2 0.2 1.3 1.2 0.1

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.6 – 1.6 1.4 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.4 0.5 1.6 1.6 0.2

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.4 0.7 1.4 1.2 0.1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.4 0.2 2.0 1.8 0.3

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – – 2.7 2.3 0.7

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.3 – 2.2 1.8 –

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.2 0.2 1.3 1.2 0.2

Education and health services ........................... – – 1.3 1.2 0.3

Educational services ...................................... – – 1.6 1.6 0.7

Elementary and secondary schools ........... – – 2.1 1.9 1.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – – 2.0 2.3 –

Health care and social assistance ................. – – 1.5 1.4 –

Hospitals .................................................... – – 2.4 2.2 –

Public administration ......................................... – – 1.6 1.6 –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 25. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment,

civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics Flat dollar

amounts

Dollar

amount

varies

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Other

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.7 0.1 1.2 0.9 0.1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.9 0.2 1.5 1.1 0.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.8 – 2.4 2.2 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.2 0.4 1.6 1.6 0.2

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.5 0.5 1.9 1.9 0.1

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.6 0.5 2.1 2.0 0.3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.2 – 1.6 1.6 –

New England ..................................................... 0.8 – 2.9 2.5 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.2 – 1.9 1.9 –

South ..................................................................... 0.3 – 2.4 2.0 –

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.4 – 3.3 2.7 –

East South Central ............................................ 0.5 – 5.3 5.1 –

West South Central ........................................... 0.5 – 3.8 3.2 –

Midwest ................................................................. 1.1 0.9 2.5 2.6 0.2

East North Central ............................................. 1.5 0.9 3.2 3.3 0.3

West North Central ............................................ 1.2 – 3.8 3.2 –

West ...................................................................... 0.4 0.4 2.5 2.1 0.5

Mountain ............................................................ 1.0 – 3.3 3.9 –

Pacific ................................................................ – – 3.3 2.5 0.8

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation

Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 26. Short-term disability plans: Duration of

benefits, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics Fixed

duration

Duration

varies

All workers ............................................................. 94 6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 94 6

Management, business, and financial ............... 95 5

Professional and related .................................... 94 6

Teachers ........................................................ 94 6

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 93 7

Registered nurses ......................................... 95 5

Service ................................................................... 92 8

Protective service .............................................. 95 5

Sales and office ..................................................... 95 5

Sales and related ............................................... 96 4

Office and administrative support ...................... 94 6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 94 6

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 92 8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 94 6

Production ......................................................... 92 8

Transportation and material moving .................. 96 4

Full time ................................................................. 94 6

Part time ................................................................ 95 5

Union ..................................................................... 91 9

Nonunion ............................................................... 95 5

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 92 8

Second 25 percent ............................................ 95 5

Third 25 percent ................................................ 94 6

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 94 6

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 95 5

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 95 5

Service-providing industries .................................. 94 6

Education and health services ........................... 93 7

Educational services ...................................... 91 9

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 87 13

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 95 5

Health care and social assistance ................. 94 6

Hospitals .................................................... 91 9

Public administration ......................................... 88 12

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 26. Short-term disability plans: Duration of

benefits, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics Fixed

duration

Duration

varies

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 94 6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 95 5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 93 7

100 workers or more .............................................. 94 6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 96 4

500 workers or more .......................................... 92 8

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 96 4

New England ..................................................... 91 9

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 97 3

South ..................................................................... 95 5

South Atlantic .................................................... 94 6

East South Central ............................................ 95 5

West South Central ........................................... 96 4

Midwest ................................................................. 90 10

East North Central ............................................. 88 12

West North Central ............................................ 93 7

West ...................................................................... 96 4

Mountain ............................................................ 95 5

Pacific ................................................................ 96 4

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the

Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average

wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated

using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions

of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 26. Standard errors for short-term disability plans:

Duration of benefits, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics Fixed

duration

Duration

varies

All workers ............................................................. 0.5 0.5

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.6 0.6

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.8 0.8

Professional and related .................................... 0.9 0.9

Teachers ........................................................ 1.2 1.2

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.9 1.9

Registered nurses ......................................... 1.6 1.6

Service ................................................................... 2.1 2.1

Protective service .............................................. 1.2 1.2

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.6 0.6

Sales and related ............................................... 0.8 0.8

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.7 0.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.2 1.2

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.9 1.9

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.7 0.7

Production ......................................................... 1.2 1.2

Transportation and material moving .................. 0.8 0.8

Full time ................................................................. 0.5 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 1.6 1.6

Union ..................................................................... 1.1 1.1

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.5 0.5

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2.1 2.1

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.7 0.7

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.6 0.6

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.6 0.6

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.7 0.7

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.9 0.9

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.5 0.5

Education and health services ........................... 1.3 1.3

Educational services ...................................... 0.8 0.8

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.5 1.5

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.0 1.0

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.9 1.9

Hospitals .................................................... 1.3 1.3

Public administration ......................................... 1.5 1.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 26. Standard errors for short-term disability plans:

Duration of benefits, civilian workers,1 March

2021—continued

Characteristics Fixed

duration

Duration

varies

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.9 0.9

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.0 1.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.8 1.8

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.5 0.5

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.7 0.7

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.7 0.7

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.5 0.5

New England ..................................................... 2.7 2.7

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.4 0.4

South ..................................................................... 1.0 1.0

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.6 1.6

East South Central ............................................ 1.4 1.4

West South Central ........................................... 1.3 1.3

Midwest ................................................................. 1.1 1.1

East North Central ............................................. 1.4 1.4

West North Central ............................................ 1.8 1.8

West ...................................................................... 0.9 0.9

Mountain ............................................................ 1.1 1.1

Pacific ................................................................ 1.3 1.3

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the

Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average

wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated

using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 27. Short-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers with fixed percent of annual earnings short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

50 percent 50 percent 51 to 59percent 60 percent 61 to 69percent

Greater

than 69

percent

All workers ............................................................. 1 25 2 42 16 15 61.9 60.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 2 ( ) 20 2 42 15 20 63.3 60.0

Management, business, and financial ............... – 16 – 48 16 18 63.3 60.0

Professional and related .................................... 2 ( ) 22 2 40 15 22 63.3 60.0

Teachers ........................................................ – 32 – 27 22 16 63.1 60.0

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 31 – 34 24 10 61.5 60.0

Registered nurses ......................................... – 30 3 53 – 5 58.4 60.0

Service ................................................................... – 34 – 38 15 9 59.3 60.0

Protective service .............................................. – 41 – 31 16 11 58.9 60.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 2 ( ) 31 2 36 16 15 61.4 60.0

Sales and related ............................................... – 36 1 37 11 15 61.5 60.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 1 29 2 36 18 15 61.3 60.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 21 – 51 14 10 60.9 60.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 28 – 46 15 5 58.7 60.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. – 16 – 55 13 14 62.8 60.0

Production, transportation, and material moving:

 Transportation and material moving ................... 1 22 2 49 17 9 61.1 60.0

Full time ................................................................. 1 23 2 44 15 15 61.9 60.0

Part time ................................................................ – 39 – 26 18 15 61.5 60.0

Union ..................................................................... 1 30 5 30 21 13 61.1 60.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 1 24 2 44 15 16 62.0 60.0

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2 ( ) 34 3 36 15 11 60.4 60.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1 30 2 45 14 9 59.6 60.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 2 ( ) 22 2 45 15 15 62.3 60.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2 ( ) 18 2 39 17 23 64.3 60.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – 14 – 35 21 27 65.6 60.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 2 15 2 45 18 19 63.4 60.0

Service-providing industries .................................. – 27 – 41 15 15 61.5 60.0

Education and health services ........................... – 31 – 43 13 9 59.8 60.0

Educational services ...................................... – 36 – 22 19 16 62.0 60.0

Elementary and secondary schools ........... – 41 4 20 25 10 60.3 60.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 28 11 24 – 26 64.9 60.0

Health care and social assistance ................. – 29 – 51 10 5 58.8 60.0

Hospitals .................................................... – 24 4 58 6 8 59.5 60.0

Public administration ......................................... – 38 – 27 21 13 59.8 60.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 27. Short-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers with fixed percent of annual earnings short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

50 percent 50 percent 51 to 59percent 60 percent 61 to 69percent

Greater

than 69

percent

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2 ( ) 22 2 46 15 15 62.1 60.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 22 – 43 15 17 62.5 60.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 22 – 53 15 10 60.8 60.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 1 27 2 39 16 15 61.7 60.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1 29 1 39 18 12 60.9 60.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 2 ( ) 24 3 39 15 19 62.6 60.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... – 42 – 23 21 13 60.6 60.0

New England ..................................................... – 10 – 56 20 14 63.3 60.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... – 48 – 17 21 13 60.1 60.0

South ..................................................................... 1 19 2 ( ) 55 13 12 61.4 60.0

South Atlantic .................................................... – 21 – 54 12 12 61.0 60.0

East South Central ............................................ – – – 52 – 14 62.5 60.0

West South Central ........................................... 1 16 – 58 12 13 61.7 60.0

Midwest ................................................................. – 15 – 53 13 19 63.7 60.0

East North Central ............................................. – 15 – 52 12 21 63.8 60.0

West North Central ............................................ – 13 – 56 16 15 63.7 60.0

West ...................................................................... – 13 – 44 12 20 62.7 60.0

Mountain ............................................................ – 9 – 59 8 21 62.5 60.0

Pacific ................................................................ – 15 13 38 14 – 62.8 60.0

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Less than 0.5. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of

major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 27. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, civilian workers,1 March

2021

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

50 percent 50 percent 51 to 59percent 60 percent 61 to 69percent

Greater

than 69

percent

All workers ............................................................. 0.2 1.1 0.3 1.5 1.0 1.2 0.3 0.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.1 1.8 0.4 2.5 1.4 2.5 0.6 0.0

Management, business, and financial ............... – 2.6 – 3.7 2.1 1.8 0.4 0.0

Professional and related .................................... 2 ( ) 2.3 0.4 3.2 1.8 3.7 0.8 0.0

Teachers ........................................................ – 4.7 – 7.1 3.3 2.7 1.1 0.0

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 6.2 – 10.0 4.2 3.1 1.2 0.0

Registered nurses ......................................... – 6.1 1.4 6.9 – 1.8 0.7 0.0

Service ................................................................... – 5.1 – 4.2 3.4 1.6 0.8 0.0

Protective service .............................................. – 5.0 – 5.0 3.6 2.1 0.8 0.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.1 1.7 0.4 1.6 1.4 1.2 0.4 0.0

Sales and related ............................................... – 2.8 0.7 2.6 2.3 2.4 0.8 0.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.2 1.8 0.5 1.9 1.3 1.3 0.4 0.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 2.8 – 3.9 1.7 1.8 0.7 0.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 5.6 – 7.4 2.7 1.7 0.7 0.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. – 2.6 – 4.5 2.3 2.9 1.1 0.0

Production, transportation, and material moving:

 Transportation and material moving ................... 0.2 3.1 0.2 3.8 3.0 2.1 0.5 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.2 1.0 0.4 1.5 1.0 1.3 0.3 0.0

Part time ................................................................ – 3.6 – 3.7 3.6 1.5 0.8 0.0

Union ..................................................................... 0.4 2.4 0.7 2.8 1.9 1.4 0.5 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.2 1.4 0.3 1.6 1.0 1.3 0.4 0.0

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.2 2.3 0.4 3.5 3.3 1.3 0.6 0.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.6 1.8 0.6 2.7 1.8 1.1 0.4 0.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.1 1.5 0.3 2.0 1.4 1.8 0.4 0.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.1 1.4 0.4 2.3 1.3 2.1 0.5 0.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – 1.5 – 3.6 2.1 2.6 0.6 2.9

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.5 1.3 0.5 3.5 2.2 3.0 0.6 0.0

Service-providing industries .................................. – 1.3 – 1.6 1.1 1.3 0.3 0.0

Education and health services ........................... – 3.2 – 3.2 2.2 0.9 0.6 0.0

Educational services ...................................... – 1.9 – 1.7 1.5 1.7 0.7 0.0

Elementary and secondary schools ........... – 3.0 0.8 2.5 2.3 2.2 0.9 0.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 2.4 1.3 3.1 – 2.4 1.1 0.0

Health care and social assistance ................. – 4.4 – 4.1 3.0 1.1 0.7 0.0

Hospitals .................................................... – 5.6 0.7 7.3 2.1 1.8 0.5 0.0

Public administration ......................................... – 2.4 – 2.6 2.0 3.4 0.8 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 27. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, civilian workers,1 March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

50 percent 50 percent 51 to 59percent 60 percent 61 to 69percent

Greater

than 69

percent

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.1 1.8 0.6 2.3 1.6 2.5 0.6 0.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 2.7 – 2.7 2.1 3.0 0.8 0.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 3.4 – 5.0 3.0 2.1 0.5 0.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.3 1.8 0.3 1.8 1.2 1.1 0.4 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.6 2.4 0.3 2.5 1.9 1.3 0.5 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.1 1.8 0.4 2.3 1.3 1.6 0.5 0.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... – 1.8 – 1.7 1.9 0.9 0.4 0.0

New England ..................................................... – 1.5 – 5.7 3.8 2.5 0.6 0.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... – 1.9 – 1.2 2.1 1.0 0.5 0.8

South ..................................................................... 0.3 1.6 2 ( ) 3.2 1.7 1.3 0.3 0.0

South Atlantic .................................................... – 2.1 – 4.2 2.1 1.7 0.3 0.0

East South Central ............................................ – – – 8.7 – 3.8 0.9 0.0

West South Central ........................................... 0.3 2.7 – 5.7 2.7 2.0 0.7 0.0

Midwest ................................................................. – 1.3 – 2.9 1.6 2.8 0.5 0.0

East North Central ............................................. – 1.6 – 3.9 1.6 3.9 0.6 0.0

West North Central ............................................ – 2.2 – 3.2 4.1 2.4 1.0 0.0

West ...................................................................... – 2.1 – 3.0 2.3 4.7 1.1 0.0

Mountain ............................................................ – 1.3 – 3.6 2.0 3.9 0.8 0.0

Pacific ................................................................ – 3.2 2.8 4.4 3.3 – 1.5 0.0

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Less than 0.05. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 28. Short-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers with fixed percent of annual earnings short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum weekly benefit amount2

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 78 $170 $200 $750 $1,500 $2,500 22

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 75 170 576 1,000 2,000 3,000 25

Management, business, and financial ............... 79 170 637 1,500 2,300 3,000 21

Professional and related .................................... 73 170 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 27

Teachers ........................................................ 84 170 – 650 692 1,160 16

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 88 200 – 604 692 1,000 12

Registered nurses ......................................... 78 170 – 1,000 2,307 – 22

Service ................................................................... 77 170 170 637 1,000 2,000 23

Protective service .............................................. 82 170 170 650 – 2,310 18

Sales and office ..................................................... 82 170 200 650 1,500 3,000 18

Sales and related ............................................... 87 170 200 600 1,500 – 13

Office and administrative support ...................... 79 170 200 692 1,500 3,000 21

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 82 170 – 715 1,269 1,500 18

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 86 170 – 650 – 1,500 14

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 80 170 500 800 1,385 1,500 20

Production, transportation, and material moving:

 Transportation and material moving ................... 86 170 475 632 – 2,500 14

Full time ................................................................. 77 170 340 881 1,750 2,500 23

Part time ................................................................ 84 170 170 594 903 – 16

Union ..................................................................... 78 170 170 500 650 1,000 22

Nonunion ............................................................... 78 170 370 903 2,000 2,540 22

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 80 170 170 632 1,000 2,000 20

Second 25 percent ............................................ 80 170 200 650 1,500 2,500 20

Third 25 percent ................................................ 79 170 370 750 1,500 2,500 21

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 74 170 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 26

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 76 170 604 1,385 2,310 3,000 24

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 72 170 500 650 1,500 2,500 28

Service-providing industries .................................. 79 170 200 750 1,500 2,500 21

Education and health services ........................... 76 170 185 692 1,500 2,500 24

Educational services ...................................... 77 170 200 650 923 1,500 23

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 80 170 200 650 808 1,500 20

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 69 170 185 650 923 2,307 31

Health care and social assistance ................. 75 170 – 750 – 3,000 25

Hospitals .................................................... 73 185 692 – 2,500 – 27

Public administration ......................................... 71 135 200 600 903 1,500 29

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 28. Short-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers with fixed percent of annual earnings short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum weekly benefit amount2

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 82 $170 $370 $750 $1,500 $2,309 18

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 83 170 – 800 1,500 2,300 17

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 80 170 – 750 1,500 2,500 20

100 workers or more .............................................. 75 170 200 692 2,000 3,000 25

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 81 170 200 750 2,000 2,500 19

500 workers or more .......................................... 69 170 200 692 2,000 3,500 31

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 89 170 170 – 881 1,500 11

New England ..................................................... 68 500 633 – 2,000 2,500 32

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 93 170 170 200 667 – 7

South ..................................................................... 75 400 600 1,000 2,000 2,500 25

South Atlantic .................................................... 75 500 692 1,000 2,000 2,500 25

East South Central ............................................ 73 – 528 – 2,000 – 27

West South Central ........................................... 78 200 520 1,200 2,000 2,500 22

Midwest ................................................................. 64 200 500 1,000 2,000 2,500 36

East North Central ............................................. 62 200 500 1,000 2,000 2,500 38

West North Central ............................................ 69 200 500 1,000 2,000 2,500 31

West ...................................................................... 77 170 500 – 2,310 4,000 23

Mountain ............................................................ 70 – 1,000 1,500 2,310 – 30

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile,

one-fourth of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 28. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, civilian workers,1

March 2021

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum weekly benefit amount2

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 1.5 $0.00 $50.19 $47.71 $51.61 $72.99 1.5

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 3.0 0.00 77.22 59.12 350.63 240.71 3.0

Management, business, and financial ............... 2.2 0.00 46.82 196.65 365.55 270.51 2.2

Professional and related .................................... 4.4 0.00 82.47 86.33 241.93 346.96 4.4

Teachers ........................................................ 2.4 2.74 – 48.10 200.46 316.45 2.4

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.9 24.48 – 88.82 146.94 171.13 2.9

Registered nurses ......................................... 5.1 0.00 – 129.03 146.42 – 5.1

Service ................................................................... 3.8 0.00 0.00 33.03 0.00 0.00 3.8

Protective service .............................................. 2.2 6.39 32.16 65.69 – 123.70 2.2

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.3 0.00 0.00 23.76 36.50 258.17 1.3

Sales and related ............................................... 1.8 0.00 0.00 63.00 134.90 – 1.8

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.6 0.00 0.00 66.78 0.00 593.21 1.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.3 0.00 – 100.36 206.54 0.00 2.3

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.6 0.00 – 64.35 – 0.00 3.6

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 3.2 0.00 14.60 169.24 176.08 45.62 3.2

Production, transportation, and material moving:

 Transportation and material moving ................... 2.1 0.00 119.11 43.67 – 0.00 2.1

Full time ................................................................. 1.6 0.00 60.21 81.56 378.22 489.19 1.6

Part time ................................................................ 2.8 0.00 0.00 125.70 32.37 – 2.8

Union ..................................................................... 2.5 0.00 2.74 9.12 9.09 0.00 2.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.7 0.00 109.38 70.64 354.25 560.48 1.7

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 3.1 0.00 39.53 41.45 25.03 363.88 3.1

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2.2 0.00 0.00 40.64 328.16 485.30 2.2

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.8 0.00 64.40 138.86 29.68 0.00 1.8

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2.4 0.00 42.85 0.00 381.74 331.94 2.4

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.9 0.00 44.30 351.78 201.47 497.05 2.9

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.9 0.00 30.03 75.14 0.00 154.20 1.9

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.7 0.00 5.47 94.32 184.34 190.50 1.7

Education and health services ........................... 3.9 0.00 29.30 35.86 431.26 677.16 3.9

Educational services ...................................... 1.4 0.00 0.00 33.25 53.28 248.87 1.4

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 2.3 0.00 10.20 56.26 142.68 434.02 2.3

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 3.4 0.00 0.00 27.44 39.74 518.10 3.4

Health care and social assistance ................. 5.4 0.00 – 109.97 – 288.53 5.4

Hospitals .................................................... 6.2 18.16 136.28 – 557.81 – 6.2

Public administration ......................................... 3.4 0.00 0.00 39.57 92.19 102.41 3.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 28. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, civilian workers,1

March 2021—continued

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum weekly benefit amount2

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.6 $0.00 $109.44 $131.93 $0.00 $249.05 2.6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3.5 0.00 – 132.88 0.00 134.43 3.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 3.4 0.00 – 142.93 109.49 729.00 3.4

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.4 0.00 7.90 60.91 103.94 297.20 1.4

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.6 0.00 38.81 158.31 402.86 103.23 1.6

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.5 0.00 13.35 19.70 253.36 644.22 2.5

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.9 0.00 0.00 – 37.35 91.24 1.9

New England ..................................................... 6.4 61.21 104.75 – 489.65 508.34 6.4

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.4 0.00 0.00 14.05 18.19 – 1.4

South ..................................................................... 2.4 87.08 69.49 0.00 212.03 372.42 2.4

South Atlantic .................................................... 3.1 46.83 0.00 0.00 333.77 632.40 3.1

East South Central ............................................ 7.9 – 102.43 – 578.34 – 7.9

West South Central ........................................... 3.1 0.00 61.23 242.02 312.09 0.00 3.1

Midwest ................................................................. 2.5 0.00 0.00 94.05 184.63 130.27 2.5

East North Central ............................................. 3.1 0.00 0.00 188.54 468.32 512.39 3.1

West North Central ............................................ 3.6 59.83 100.21 69.63 46.40 0.00 3.6

West ...................................................................... 5.2 15.29 119.16 – 220.48 952.86 5.2

Mountain ............................................................ 9.0 – 36.50 62.96 348.72 – 9.0

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile,

one-fourth of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 29. Long-term disability plans: Employee contribution

requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers with long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 7 93

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 7 93

Management, business, and financial ............... 4 96

Professional and related .................................... 8 92

Teachers ........................................................ 18 82

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 22 78

Registered nurses ......................................... 8 92

Service ................................................................... 12 88

Sales and office ..................................................... 6 94

Sales and related ............................................... 6 94

Office and administrative support ...................... 6 94

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 7 93

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 4 96

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 9 91

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 5 95

Production ......................................................... 4 96

Transportation and material moving .................. 7 93

Full time ................................................................. 7 93

Part time ................................................................ 8 92

Union ..................................................................... 12 88

Nonunion ............................................................... 6 94

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 9 91

Second 25 percent ............................................ 8 92

Third 25 percent ................................................ 7 93

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 6 94

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 5 95

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 6 94

Service-providing industries .................................. 7 93

Education and health services ........................... 12 88

Educational services ...................................... 17 83

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 21 79

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 12 88

Health care and social assistance ................. 9 91

Hospitals .................................................... 6 94

Public administration ......................................... 13 87

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 29. Long-term disability plans: Employee contribution

requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers with long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 7 93

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 7 93

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 9 91

100 workers or more .............................................. 7 93

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 6 94

500 workers or more .......................................... 7 93

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 6 94

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 5 95

South ..................................................................... 7 93

South Atlantic .................................................... 8 92

West South Central ........................................... 5 95

Midwest ................................................................. 8 92

East North Central ............................................. 10 90

West North Central ............................................ 5 95

West ...................................................................... 6 94

Mountain ............................................................ 11 89

Pacific ................................................................ 3 97

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of

Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further

explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major plans,

key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 29. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Employee

contribution requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 0.6 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.6 0.6

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.6 0.6

Professional and related .................................... 0.8 0.8

Teachers ........................................................ 1.4 1.4

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.2 2.2

Registered nurses ......................................... 2.7 2.7

Service ................................................................... 2.4 2.4

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.7 0.7

Sales and related ............................................... 1.7 1.7

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.7 0.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.1 1.1

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.8 1.8

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.4 1.4

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.9 0.9

Production ......................................................... 0.8 0.8

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.8 1.8

Full time ................................................................. 0.6 0.6

Part time ................................................................ 2.0 2.0

Union ..................................................................... 1.0 1.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.6 0.6

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.3 1.3

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.3 1.3

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.6 0.6

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.5 0.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.6 0.6

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.0 1.0

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.7 0.7

Education and health services ........................... 1.7 1.7

Educational services ...................................... 1.0 1.0

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.5 1.5

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.5 1.5

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.6 2.6

Hospitals .................................................... 1.5 1.5

Public administration ......................................... 2.1 2.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 29. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Employee

contribution requirement, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.3 1.3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.7 1.7

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.3 2.3

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.5 0.5

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.8 0.8

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.7 0.7

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.5 1.5

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.8 0.8

South ..................................................................... 1.3 1.3

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.8 1.8

West South Central ........................................... 1.7 1.7

Midwest ................................................................. 0.7 0.7

East North Central ............................................. 1.0 1.0

West North Central ............................................ 1.1 1.1

West ...................................................................... 0.8 0.8

Mountain ............................................................ 2.2 2.2

Pacific ................................................................ 0.6 0.6

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of

Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further

explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 30. Long-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment, civilian

workers,1 March 2021

(All workers with long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amounts Other

All workers ............................................................. 96 3 1 2 ( )

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 97 2 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Management, business, and financial ............... 97 3 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Professional and related .................................... 97 2 – –

Teachers ........................................................ 97 1 – –

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 97 – 2 –

Registered nurses ......................................... 98 – – –

Service ................................................................... 99 – – –

Protective service .............................................. 97 – – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 97 3 – –

Sales and related ............................................... 95 4 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 97 2 – –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 87 6 4 2

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 81 – 8 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 92 5 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 92 – 5 –

Production ......................................................... 89 3 8 –

Transportation and material moving .................. 97 2 – –

Full time ................................................................. 96 2 1 2 ( )

Part time ................................................................ 93 5 – –

Union ..................................................................... 90 2 6 1

Nonunion ............................................................... 97 3 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 99 – – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 97 2 – –

Third 25 percent ................................................ 96 3 1 2 ( )

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 95 3 1 1

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 96 3 – –

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 88 6 5 1

Service-providing industries .................................. 97 2 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Education and health services ........................... 98 1 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Educational services ...................................... 97 1 – –

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 97 – 2 –

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 98 – – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 99 – – –

Hospitals .................................................... 98 – – –

Public administration ......................................... 98 2 – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 30. Long-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment, civilian

workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers with long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amounts Other

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 96 3 1 2 ( )

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 97 3 2 ( ) 2 ( )

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 95 – 2 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 96 3 1 2 ( )

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 96 2 – –

500 workers or more .......................................... 96 3 1 2 ( )

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 96 2 – –

New England ..................................................... 96 3 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 96 2 – –

South ..................................................................... 97 2 – –

South Atlantic .................................................... 96 2 – –

East South Central ............................................ 98 2 – –

West South Central ........................................... 98 – 2 () –

Midwest ................................................................. 93 4 2 2 ( )

East North Central ............................................. 93 4 – –

West North Central ............................................ 93 5 – –

West ...................................................................... 98 – – 2 ( )

Mountain ............................................................ 100 – – –

Pacific ................................................................ 97 – – –

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Less than 0.5. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category

or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 30. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Method of benefit

payment, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amounts Other

All workers ............................................................. 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.1

Professional and related .................................... 0.5 0.5 – –

Teachers ........................................................ 0.9 0.5 – –

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.0 – 0.7 –

Registered nurses ......................................... 1.1 – – –

Service ................................................................... 0.6 – – –

Protective service .............................................. 1.5 – – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.6 0.6 – –

Sales and related ............................................... 1.5 1.5 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.7 0.7 – –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.0 1.8 1.1 0.8

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.3 – 1.6 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.2 1.6 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.5 – 1.1 –

Production ......................................................... 2.7 1.1 1.9 –

Transportation and material moving .................. 0.7 0.5 – –

Full time ................................................................. 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1

Part time ................................................................ 2.5 2.4 – –

Union ..................................................................... 1.1 0.6 1.1 0.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.4 0.4 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.8 – – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.7 0.6 – –

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.1

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.8 0.7 – –

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.3 0.9 1.0 0.3

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1

Education and health services ........................... 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1

Educational services ...................................... 0.6 0.3 – –

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.9 – 0.6 –

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 0.4 – – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 0.5 – – –

Hospitals .................................................... 1.1 – – –

Public administration ......................................... 0.8 0.8 – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 30. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Method of benefit

payment, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amounts Other

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.7 – 0.6 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.8 0.7 – –

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.1

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.7 0.5 – –

New England ..................................................... 1.6 1.1 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.7 0.7 – –

South ..................................................................... 0.7 0.6 – –

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.1 0.9 – –

East South Central ............................................ 1.1 1.0 – –

West South Central ........................................... 1.1 – 0.1 –

Midwest ................................................................. 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.1

East North Central ............................................. 0.9 0.7 – –

West North Central ............................................ 0.9 0.8 – –

West ...................................................................... 0.9 – – 0.1

Mountain ............................................................ 0.3 – – –

Pacific ................................................................ 1.4 – – –

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Less than 0.05. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 31. Long-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers with a fixed percent of annual earnings long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

60 percent 60 percent 61 to 66percent 67 percent

Greater

than 67

percent

All workers ............................................................. 25 61 6 7 1 58.0 60.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 25 58 8 8 1 58.0 60.0

Management, business, and financial ............... 24 65 5 6 1 57.6 60.0

Professional and related .................................... 26 55 10 9 1 58.2 60.0

Teachers ........................................................ 12 46 22 18 2 60.9 60.0

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 13 37 22 24 3 61.1 60.0

Registered nurses ......................................... 40 53 5 – – 55.5 60.0

Service ................................................................... 37 48 – 9 – 57.2 60.0

Protective service .............................................. 26 46 – 17 – 58.9 60.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 25 62 4 8 1 58.0 60.0

Sales and related ............................................... 28 62 – 8 – 57.2 60.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 24 62 5 8 1 58.2 60.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 16 76 – 5 – 58.5 60.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 6 85 1 7 – 59.9 60.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 22 71 4 – – 57.7 60.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 19 70 4 5 1 58.8 60.0

Production ......................................................... 20 69 5 4 2 58.7 60.0

Transportation and material moving .................. 18 72 – 6 – 58.9 60.0

Full time ................................................................. 24 61 6 7 1 58.1 60.0

Part time ................................................................ 37 47 8 – – 56.1 60.0

Union ..................................................................... 28 51 8 11 2 58.3 60.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 24 62 6 7 1 58.0 60.0

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 24 61 – 8 – 58.4 60.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ 27 59 5 8 1 57.9 60.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 22 64 6 7 1 58.3 60.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 26 59 7 7 1 57.9 60.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 26 59 7 7 1 57.8 60.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 22 67 7 3 1 58.4 60.0

Service-providing industries .................................. 25 60 6 8 1 58.0 60.0

Education and health services ........................... 27 51 10 10 2 58.2 60.0

Educational services ...................................... 11 51 20 15 2 60.9 60.0

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 14 37 25 21 3 61.3 60.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 8 66 17 – – 60.6 60.0

Health care and social assistance ................. 37 51 – 7 – 56.5 60.0

Hospitals .................................................... 37 56 4 3 – 55.9 60.0

Public administration ......................................... 20 45 – 21 – 60.0 60.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 31. Long-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, civilian workers,1 March

2021—continued

(All workers with a fixed percent of annual earnings long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

60 percent 60 percent 61 to 66percent 67 percent

Greater

than 67

percent

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 23 63 6 7 2 58.6 60.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 25 64 5 4 2 58.3 60.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 18 60 9 12 1 59.3 60.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 26 59 6 8 3 ( ) 57.7 60.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 21 64 5 10 1 58.4 60.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 30 56 7 7 3 ( ) 57.2 60.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 22 70 3 4 1 57.8 60.0

New England ..................................................... 20 73 – 3 – 58.3 60.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 23 69 3 5 1 57.6 60.0

South ..................................................................... 25 61 7 6 1 57.7 60.0

South Atlantic .................................................... 27 57 10 5 1 57.5 60.0

East South Central ............................................ 20 70 6 – – 58.3 60.0

West South Central ........................................... 24 64 2 – – 57.7 60.0

Midwest ................................................................. 23 63 5 9 1 58.4 60.0

East North Central ............................................. 25 59 5 11 1 58.3 60.0

West North Central ............................................ 18 72 3 4 2 58.6 60.0

West ...................................................................... 29 51 – 11 – 58.3 60.0

Mountain ............................................................ 30 52 – 12 – 57.9 60.0

Pacific ................................................................ 29 50 – 10 – 58.5 60.0

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021. 3 Less than 0.5.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 31. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, civilian

workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

60 percent 60 percent 61 to 66percent 67 percent

Greater

than 67

percent

All workers ............................................................. 1.5 1.3 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 2.1 1.7 0.9 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.0

Management, business, and financial ............... 2.3 2.4 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.0

Professional and related .................................... 2.8 2.3 1.3 1.2 0.3 0.4 0.0

Teachers ........................................................ 1.4 4.0 3.0 2.6 0.5 0.4 0.0

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.0 6.0 4.0 3.8 0.9 0.6 3.0

Registered nurses ......................................... 6.6 6.3 1.8 – – 0.8 0.0

Service ................................................................... 4.5 4.2 – 2.0 – 0.8 0.0

Protective service .............................................. 6.3 5.8 – 4.2 – 0.8 0.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.3 1.6 0.5 1.0 0.4 0.3 0.0

Sales and related ............................................... 3.1 3.3 – 2.0 – 0.5 0.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.5 1.7 0.6 1.2 0.4 0.3 0.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.8 2.4 – 1.3 – 0.3 0.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.1 3.8 0.6 2.9 – 0.3 0.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.5 3.0 1.0 – – 0.3 0.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.4 1.9 1.0 1.1 0.5 0.2 0.0

Production ......................................................... 1.7 2.1 1.5 1.6 0.6 0.3 0.0

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.3 3.1 – 1.4 – 0.3 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 1.5 1.3 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.0

Part time ................................................................ 4.7 4.6 1.7 – – 1.1 0.0

Union ..................................................................... 1.9 2.1 0.9 1.4 0.2 0.3 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.7 1.6 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.0

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 3.9 4.5 – 2.4 – 0.6 0.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2.2 2.4 0.6 1.4 0.6 0.4 0.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.8 1.8 0.9 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.8 1.5 0.8 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.2 1.8 1.2 1.5 0.4 0.4 0.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.3 2.1 1.2 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.0

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.7 1.5 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.0

Education and health services ........................... 3.4 2.9 1.3 1.6 0.8 0.7 0.0

Educational services ...................................... 0.7 2.6 1.9 1.7 0.4 0.2 0.0

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.3 3.3 2.4 2.9 0.8 0.4 2.3

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.4 1.2 1.4 – – 0.3 0.0

Health care and social assistance ................. 5.3 4.5 – 2.6 – 1.1 0.0

Hospitals .................................................... 5.5 4.8 1.6 0.7 – 0.7 0.0

Public administration ......................................... 2.9 3.9 – 3.6 – 0.6 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 31. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, civilian

workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

60 percent 60 percent 61 to 66percent 67 percent

Greater

than 67

percent

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.9 2.4 0.9 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3.7 3.3 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.4 3.4 1.7 2.5 0.2 0.4 0.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.4 1.5 0.6 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.9 2.6 0.8 1.8 0.2 0.3 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.7 1.6 0.9 1.0 0.1 0.3 0.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.6 3.3 0.8 1.1 0.4 0.4 0.0

New England ..................................................... 4.6 5.6 – 1.0 – 0.8 0.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.8 3.6 1.1 1.6 0.3 0.4 0.0

South ..................................................................... 3.2 2.9 1.0 1.2 0.2 0.6 0.0

South Atlantic .................................................... 5.2 4.3 1.6 0.8 0.2 0.9 0.0

East South Central ............................................ 3.4 5.2 2.7 – – 0.4 0.0

West South Central ........................................... 2.1 2.8 0.7 – – 0.6 0.0

Midwest ................................................................. 1.2 1.6 0.7 1.4 0.2 0.2 0.0

East North Central ............................................. 1.5 2.0 0.9 1.9 0.3 0.2 0.0

West North Central ............................................ 2.1 2.1 0.9 1.1 0.4 0.3 0.0

West ...................................................................... 3.4 2.2 – 1.8 – 0.7 0.0

Mountain ............................................................ 4.3 3.6 – 1.8 – 0.6 0.0

Pacific ................................................................ 4.7 2.8 – 2.5 – 1.0 0.0

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 32. Long-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers participating in fixed percent of annual earnings long-term disability plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum monthly benefit amount2

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 88 $3,900 $5,000 $10,000 $15,000 $20,000 12

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 87 4,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 13

Management, business, and financial ............... 87 5,000 7,500 10,000 15,000 20,833 13

Professional and related .................................... 87 – 5,000 10,000 14,500 20,000 13

Teachers ........................................................ 77 2,500 3,900 5,000 7,500 10,000 23

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 74 – – 5,000 6,000 8,333 26

Registered nurses ......................................... 92 – 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 8

Service ................................................................... 88 3,000 5,000 7,500 12,000 15,000 12

Protective service .............................................. 79 3,102 5,000 5,000 – 12,000 21

Sales and office ..................................................... 87 4,000 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 13

Office and administrative support ...................... 86 3,900 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 14

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 92 3,000 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 8

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 94 – 5,000 6,000 9,000 14,000 6

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 91 – 5,000 7,500 10,000 15,000 9

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 90 – 5,000 8,000 10,000 15,000 10

Production ......................................................... 87 5,000 6,000 10,000 12,500 15,000 13

Transportation and material moving .................. 93 – 5,000 7,000 10,000 15,000 7

Full time ................................................................. 88 3,900 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 12

Part time ................................................................ 87 3,000 5,000 10,000 12,500 15,000 13

Union ..................................................................... 80 – 4,000 6,000 10,000 13,000 20

Nonunion ............................................................... 89 – 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 11

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 89 3,000 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 11

Second 25 percent ............................................ 87 3,900 5,000 9,200 12,500 15,000 13

Third 25 percent ................................................ 87 3,900 5,000 9,200 12,500 20,000 13

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 88 4,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 12

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 89 5,000 – 10,000 15,000 20,833 11

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 88 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 12

Service-providing industries .................................. 88 3,900 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 12

Education and health services ........................... 86 2,500 5,000 7,000 10,000 15,000 14

Educational services ...................................... 78 2,500 4,000 6,000 10,000 – 22

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 71 1,500 3,900 5,000 6,500 10,000 29

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 86 3,900 5,000 7,500 10,000 – 14

Health care and social assistance ................. 91 2,500 5,000 8,333 12,500 15,000 9

Hospitals .................................................... 92 – 5,000 10,000 12,500 15,000 8

Public administration ......................................... 68 3,102 4,000 5,000 6,500 10,000 32

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 32. Long-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers participating in fixed percent of annual earnings long-term disability plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum monthly benefit amount2

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 89 – $5,000 $8,000 $12,000 – 11

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 91 $3,900 5,000 9,000 12,500 $20,000 9

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 86 – 5,000 7,500 10,000 15,000 14

100 workers or more .............................................. 87 3,900 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 13

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 89 5,000 6,000 10,000 12,500 20,000 11

500 workers or more .......................................... 84 – 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 16

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 91 5,000 6,000 10,000 14,000 15,000 9

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 93 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 15,000 7

South ..................................................................... 92 3,000 5,000 10,000 15,000 16,000 8

South Atlantic .................................................... 92 2,500 5,000 10,000 15,000 – 8

East South Central ............................................ 89 3,000 5,000 7,000 10,900 15,000 11

West South Central ........................................... 92 4,000 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 8

Midwest ................................................................. 80 5,000 – 10,000 13,000 20,000 20

East North Central ............................................. 78 5,000 6,000 10,000 12,500 20,000 22

West North Central ............................................ 84 5,000 5,000 10,000 – 20,833 16

West ...................................................................... 89 3,500 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 11

Mountain ............................................................ 87 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 13

Pacific ................................................................ 90 3,000 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 10

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile,

one-fourth of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 32. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, civilian workers,1 March

2021

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum monthly benefit amount2

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 0.6 $144.65 $237.50 $0.00 $1,555.79 $0.00 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.9 152.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.9

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.1 0.00 859.73 0.00 0.00 1,655.21 1.1

Professional and related .................................... 1.2 – 204.02 0.00 2,740.66 729.93 1.2

Teachers ........................................................ 2.1 585.37 180.65 0.00 456.21 1,824.35 2.1

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 3.7 – – 233.69 456.21 983.57 3.7

Registered nurses ......................................... 1.8 – 1,188.14 0.00 2,229.36 4,288.95 1.8

Service ................................................................... 1.9 402.75 0.00 1,139.09 2,381.10 0.00 1.9

Protective service .............................................. 4.2 262.96 0.00 729.93 – 1,447.72 4.2

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.0 785.95 124.99 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.1 658.43 347.11 0.00 779.57 214.97 1.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.4 475.01 0.00 418.12 516.14 0.00 1.4

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.1 – 0.00 0.00 1,513.07 2,990.16 1.1

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.9 – 0.00 1,605.82 1,967.52 0.00 1.9

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.6 – 0.00 499.75 995.33 0.00 1.6

Production ......................................................... 2.5 0.00 1,413.51 0.00 1,303.19 0.00 2.5

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.3 – 0.00 474.10 0.00 0.00 1.3

Full time ................................................................. 0.7 129.03 223.49 0.00 1,088.22 0.00 0.7

Part time ................................................................ 2.2 573.16 561.76 1,728.82 816.09 4,239.65 2.2

Union ..................................................................... 1.6 – 456.42 1,069.58 0.00 2,263.03 1.6

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.7 – 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.7

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.5 0.00 0.00 916.59 0.00 0.00 1.5

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.3 281.75 0.00 1,540.32 1,036.55 446.99 1.3

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.1 548.91 0.00 1,246.31 2,703.97 0.00 1.1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.8 791.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 339.90 0.8

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.2 0.00 – 0.00 0.00 818.59 1.2

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.8 0.00 547.45 0.00 0.00 3,599.12 1.8

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.7 512.00 152.01 0.00 2,611.56 0.00 0.7

Education and health services ........................... 1.3 526.36 263.53 1,327.03 1,218.10 0.00 1.3

Educational services ...................................... 1.3 452.54 864.44 706.75 951.85 – 1.3

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 2.9 129.03 0.00 0.00 922.73 1,019.93 2.9

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.1 960.25 0.00 158.03 258.07 – 2.1

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.1 718.44 0.00 1,909.64 1,157.72 0.00 2.1

Hospitals .................................................... 2.4 – 820.36 1,266.94 2,712.80 364.97 2.4

Public administration ......................................... 2.9 146.21 527.62 0.00 1,246.24 0.00 2.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 32. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, civilian workers,1 March

2021—continued

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum monthly benefit amount2

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.2 – $0.00 $1,585.76 $1,761.79 – 1.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.2 $827.94 581.66 1,673.28 2,226.09 $5,110.41 1.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 3.0 – 0.00 752.06 0.00 0.00 3.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.9 122.19 1,313.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.9

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.3 0.00 962.25 0.00 2,010.94 1,616.30 1.3

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.2 – 743.75 0.00 0.00 1,042.12 1.2

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.9 250.87 0.00 0.00 2,264.55 0.00 1.9

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.5 945.40 0.00 0.00 1,067.95 0.00 1.5

South ..................................................................... 0.8 120.26 0.00 1,663.37 3,047.04 4,627.30 0.8

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.1 716.73 0.00 1,504.21 2,408.84 – 1.1

East South Central ............................................ 2.7 0.00 0.00 1,628.99 2,891.59 0.00 2.7

West South Central ........................................... 1.2 616.49 0.00 605.23 2,620.71 1,975.66 1.2

Midwest ................................................................. 1.8 0.00 – 91.24 2,696.26 0.00 1.8

East North Central ............................................. 2.1 0.00 1,094.46 519.84 1,032.93 5,020.07 2.1

West North Central ............................................ 3.6 524.14 1,161.35 316.07 – 1,137.53 3.6

West ...................................................................... 1.0 731.00 1,139.61 0.00 1,157.72 924.63 1.0

Mountain ............................................................ 1.8 0.00 706.75 0.00 0.00 2,668.50 1.8

Pacific ................................................................ 1.2 469.86 826.23 0.00 3,298.60 679.80 1.2

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile,

one-fourth of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 33. Leave benefits: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics Paid

holidays

Paid sick

leave

Paid

vacations

Paid

personal

leave

Paid

funeral

leave

Paid jury

duty

leave

Paid

military

leave

Family leave2

Paid Unpaid

All workers ............................................................. 79 79 77 47 56 57 33 23 89

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 84 93 80 65 75 77 49 34 93

Management, business, and financial ............... 97 96 96 67 77 79 49 36 95

Professional and related .................................... 78 92 73 64 74 77 49 33 92

Teachers ........................................................ 37 90 22 64 77 81 57 27 90

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 32 98 19 78 83 87 59 29 92

Registered nurses ......................................... 92 93 89 73 81 85 55 35 96

Service ................................................................... 61 63 59 27 34 35 18 15 83

Protective service .............................................. 86 87 84 44 64 71 54 24 96

Sales and office ..................................................... 84 80 81 49 54 55 30 25 91

Sales and related ............................................... 77 69 70 41 42 43 21 24 90

Office and administrative support ...................... 89 87 88 54 62 63 36 26 91

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 86 74 86 39 47 45 21 16 89

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 79 68 78 32 34 32 14 12 86

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 94 81 95 47 61 59 30 20 92

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 87 74 85 42 59 55 32 13 90

Production ......................................................... 93 73 90 43 57 55 27 14 89

Transportation and material moving .................. 82 74 79 42 60 55 35 12 90

Full time ................................................................. 89 89 88 56 67 67 40 27 92

Part time ................................................................ 49 48 39 19 22 24 12 11 81

Union ..................................................................... 80 92 74 62 81 82 55 24 95

Nonunion ............................................................... 79 77 77 45 53 53 30 23 88

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 60 53 55 25 29 30 14 12 81

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 47 35 43 14 19 21 8 7 78

Second 25 percent ............................................ 86 83 83 48 57 57 31 22 91

Third 25 percent ................................................ 91 90 90 56 66 66 39 26 92

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 85 94 82 65 79 80 53 35 95

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 86 95 83 65 81 83 55 40 95

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 91 76 91 43 55 52 27 18 89

Service-providing industries .................................. 77 79 74 48 57 58 34 24 89

Education and health services ........................... 74 87 70 59 69 72 43 28 91

Educational services ...................................... 52 91 41 62 78 83 60 28 92

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 39 93 27 73 81 85 59 28 92

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 82 90 71 46 82 87 72 28 98

Health care and social assistance ................. 87 85 86 57 64 66 33 28 91

Hospitals .................................................... 94 94 93 70 82 84 56 35 96

Public administration ......................................... 92 92 91 54 85 89 77 25 96

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 33. Leave benefits: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics Paid

holidays

Paid sick

leave

Paid

vacations

Paid

personal

leave

Paid

funeral

leave

Paid jury

duty

leave

Paid

military

leave

Family leave2

Paid Unpaid

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 73 71 71 36 42 42 19 17 84

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 72 68 70 33 37 38 16 16 82

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 76 79 72 46 57 57 27 20 91

100 workers or more .............................................. 86 88 83 60 72 73 49 30 95

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 86 84 83 58 64 64 36 29 94

500 workers or more .......................................... 87 92 83 62 81 83 62 32 96

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 78 82 74 53 63 64 38 28 88

New England ..................................................... 78 86 73 51 59 61 40 23 88

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 78 80 74 54 65 65 38 30 89

South ..................................................................... 80 74 78 46 57 58 35 22 88

South Atlantic .................................................... 82 75 79 45 56 57 34 21 86

East South Central ............................................ 85 71 80 47 57 62 38 20 88

West South Central ........................................... 75 73 75 49 57 60 37 25 91

Midwest ................................................................. 78 74 77 51 58 58 29 22 91

East North Central ............................................. 80 74 77 51 61 60 30 23 92

West North Central ............................................ 75 74 76 49 52 53 26 19 90

West ...................................................................... 81 90 78 42 49 48 29 23 91

Mountain ............................................................ 81 78 78 52 53 50 29 22 92

Pacific ................................................................ 81 95 78 37 47 48 29 24 90

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 The sum of paid and unpaid family leave may exceed 100 percent because some workers have access to both types of plans. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 33. Standard errors for leave benefits: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics Paid

holidays

Paid sick

leave

Paid

vacations

Paid

personal

leave

Paid

funeral

leave

Paid jury

duty

leave

Paid

military

leave

Family leave

Paid Unpaid

All workers ............................................................. 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.5

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.5 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.6

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.4 0.5 0.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.6 1.4 0.6

Professional and related .................................... 0.8 0.6 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.6 0.8

Teachers ........................................................ 2.4 1.0 2.7 1.8 1.8 2.1 2.2 1.7 2.1

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 3.5 0.6 3.7 2.1 2.4 2.6 2.9 2.3 2.9

Registered nurses ......................................... 0.8 1.0 1.7 3.1 2.9 2.0 3.3 3.7 0.8

Service ................................................................... 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.9 1.2 1.6 1.7

Protective service .............................................. 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.3 3.8 3.9 3.0 1.9 1.3

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.6

Sales and related ............................................... 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.6 0.9

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.1 1.0 0.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.3 1.8 1.4 2.0 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.2 3.1 2.5 2.8 2.0 2.1 1.3 1.9 1.5

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.0 1.6 0.8 2.9 2.4 2.5 2.3 1.7 1.2

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.2 1.7 1.1 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.6 0.8 1.1

Production ......................................................... 1.1 2.1 1.4 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.0 1.3 1.6

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.6 2.5 1.6 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.4 0.9 1.3

Full time ................................................................. 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.3 0.9 1.0 1.3

Union ..................................................................... 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.4 0.8 0.6

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.6

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.6 1.7 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.4 0.8 0.7 1.3

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.0 1.4 2.0 0.8 0.7 1.9

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.4 0.6

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.6 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.8

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.5 0.5 0.7 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.4 0.6

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.8 0.7 0.9 1.7 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 0.9

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.7 1.6 0.9 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.3 0.9 0.9

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.6

Education and health services ........................... 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.4

Educational services ...................................... 0.8 0.6 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.2 0.7

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.5 0.8 1.2 0.8 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.4 0.8

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.0 1.1 1.6 2.2 1.1 1.4 2.1 2.2 0.5

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.9 2.3 1.9 2.6 2.7 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.2

Hospitals .................................................... 1.2 0.9 1.2 3.3 2.5 2.3 3.2 2.8 1.1

Public administration ......................................... 0.7 0.8 1.0 2.3 1.7 1.2 1.6 1.4 1.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 33. Standard errors for leave benefits: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics Paid

holidays

Paid sick

leave

Paid

vacations

Paid

personal

leave

Paid

funeral

leave

Paid jury

duty

leave

Paid

military

leave

Family leave

Paid Unpaid

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.1 1.3 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.8 1.1 0.8

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.3 1.5 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.4 1.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.6 1.8 1.6 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.3

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 0.5

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.1 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1

New England ..................................................... 3.1 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.7 1.6 1.9 2.6 3.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.6 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.0

South ..................................................................... 1.3 1.7 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.0 1.0

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.0 2.7 1.5 1.3 2.0 2.1 1.9 1.3 1.3

East South Central ............................................ 0.9 1.9 1.9 2.3 2.3 2.9 2.5 1.6 3.1

West South Central ........................................... 2.2 2.9 1.7 2.7 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.2 1.6

Midwest ................................................................. 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.6 2.2 1.0 1.7 1.0

East North Central ............................................. 1.4 1.8 1.2 2.2 1.7 3.0 1.2 2.0 1.4

West North Central ............................................ 2.0 2.3 3.5 2.5 3.0 2.7 1.8 3.0 1.1

West ...................................................................... 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.9 0.8

Mountain ............................................................ 2.1 3.6 3.5 1.8 2.4 2.5 2.3 3.4 1.5

Pacific ................................................................ 1.3 0.6 1.2 1.8 1.1 0.9 1.0 2.3 1.0

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 34. Paid holidays: Number of days provided, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers with paid holidays = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid holidays

Mean

number

of days

Median

number

of days

Less

than 5

days

5

days

6

days

7

days

8

days

9

days

10

days

11

days

12

days

13

days

14

days

Greater

than 14

days

All workers ............................................................. 8 3 21 13 12 8 15 7 6 3 1 2 8 8

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 2 1 15 11 12 10 19 10 9 5 2 3 9 9

Management, business, and financial ............... 1 1 13 9 14 10 22 10 9 5 2 3 9 10

Professional and related .................................... 3 2 16 13 11 9 17 10 8 5 3 4 9 9

Teachers ........................................................ 6 3 15 5 5 – – 13 6 7 4 10 10 10

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 10 5 22 6 – – – – 2 5 – 11 9 9

Registered nurses ......................................... 6 – 31 – 13 7 – 4 5 4 1 1 8 7

Service ................................................................... 18 5 23 19 7 5 7 6 4 3 1 2 7 7

Protective service .............................................. 4 – 16 7 4 6 15 18 17 7 4 – 10 10

Sales and office ..................................................... 11 4 24 12 11 9 15 5 5 3 1 1 8 7

Sales and related ............................................... 25 5 31 10 9 8 7 2 2 1 – – 6 6

Office and administrative support ...................... 5 3 20 13 11 9 19 6 6 4 2 2 8 8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 5 7 30 18 10 7 12 5 3 1 1 1 8 7

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 7 9 34 15 9 7 10 4 3 1 1 1 7 7

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 4 5 26 20 11 8 13 6 4 1 1 2 8 7

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 6 4 25 10 17 10 13 6 4 1 1 3 8 8

Production ......................................................... 4 3 19 11 15 14 15 8 5 1 1 6 9 8

Transportation and material moving .................. 8 5 31 10 20 6 12 4 2 1 2 ( ) 2 () 7 7

Full time ................................................................. 5 3 20 13 12 9 16 8 6 3 2 3 8 8

Part time ................................................................ 26 4 30 14 7 5 6 2 2 3 2 () 1 6 6

Union ..................................................................... 3 3 13 8 13 6 14 14 13 5 2 6 10 10

Nonunion ............................................................... 9 4 23 14 11 9 15 6 4 3 1 2 8 8

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 21 5 32 16 7 6 6 2 2 2 1 1 6 6

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 29 6 30 17 4 – 5 1 1 – 2 () 1 6 6

Second 25 percent ............................................ 7 4 23 15 13 8 13 6 5 2 1 2 8 8

Third 25 percent ................................................ 4 3 19 12 13 10 16 8 6 4 2 3 9 8

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2 2 13 11 13 10 21 10 9 4 2 4 9 9

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1 1 10 10 15 10 25 9 9 5 2 4 10 10

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 4 4 19 13 12 12 16 7 6 2 1 3 8 8

Service-providing industries .................................. 9 3 22 13 11 8 14 7 6 3 2 2 8 8

Education and health services ........................... 5 3 22 16 8 8 9 8 6 6 2 5 9 8

Educational services ...................................... 4 3 7 3 6 7 13 12 12 10 8 16 11 11

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 7 5 13 5 4 6 8 13 9 8 5 18 11 11

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1 1 2 ( ) 2 7 8 15 12 16 14 10 14 12 12

Health care and social assistance ................. 6 3 28 21 9 9 8 7 4 4 – – 8 7

Public administration ......................................... – – 1 – 1 8 16 28 26 9 6 3 11 11

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 34. Paid holidays: Number of days provided, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers with paid holidays = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid holidays

Mean

number

of days

Median

number

of days

Less

than 5

days

5

days

6

days

7

days

8

days

9

days

10

days

11

days

12

days

13

days

14

days

Greater

than 14

days

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 11 5 24 15 10 8 13 5 3 2 1 1 7 7

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 12 6 24 17 10 8 13 4 3 2 1 1 7 7

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 10 5 22 11 11 9 14 9 4 2 1 2 8 8

100 workers or more .............................................. 4 1 19 11 13 9 16 8 8 4 2 3 9 9

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 6 2 23 13 12 10 15 8 5 3 2 2 8 8

500 workers or more .......................................... 2 1 15 10 14 8 17 9 11 5 3 5 9 9

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 7 3 17 13 13 8 14 9 8 4 1 4 9 8

New England ..................................................... 7 4 13 13 12 6 15 15 10 3 1 2 9 9

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 7 2 19 13 13 9 13 7 7 4 1 4 9 8

South ..................................................................... 10 5 21 14 12 7 14 6 5 2 2 2 8 7

South Atlantic .................................................... 9 5 22 16 11 7 14 5 6 2 1 2 8 7

East South Central ............................................ 10 7 21 12 11 9 11 8 5 4 – – 8 8

West South Central ........................................... 11 3 21 12 14 8 15 6 5 2 4 2 8 8

Midwest ................................................................. 6 1 27 14 12 9 13 6 5 3 1 3 8 8

East North Central ............................................. 7 1 28 12 12 10 13 6 5 3 2 4 8 8

West North Central ............................................ 5 – 22 19 12 9 14 6 5 – – 1 8 8

West ...................................................................... 7 4 20 12 10 10 18 8 5 3 1 1 8 8

Mountain ............................................................ 7 6 27 13 11 9 16 4 4 1 1 1 8 7

Pacific ................................................................ 7 4 17 11 10 10 18 9 6 4 2 2 8 9

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm

for further explanation. 2 Less than 0.5. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 34. Standard errors for paid holidays: Number of days provided, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Paid holidays

Mean

number

of days

Median

number

of days

Less

than 5

days

5

days

6

days

7

days

8

days

9

days

10

days

11

days

12

days

13

days

14

days

Greater

than 14

days

All workers ............................................................. 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 2 ( ) 0.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.4 0.3 0.8 1.1 1.0 0.8 1.5 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.0

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.4 0.3 0.9 1.1 1.6 0.9 1.6 0.9 1.2 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.7

Professional and related .................................... 0.6 0.5 1.0 1.5 0.9 1.1 1.9 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.0

Teachers ........................................................ 1.2 1.2 2.6 1.3 1.3 – – 2.4 0.9 2.0 0.9 1.6 0.2 0.4

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.0 2.0 4.4 1.6 – – – – 1.1 2.3 – 2.3 0.3 0.7

Registered nurses ......................................... 2.6 – 5.2 – 3.3 1.5 – 1.2 1.0 1.4 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.0

Service ................................................................... 1.6 0.8 2.0 2.0 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.0

Protective service .............................................. 1.2 – 2.9 2.8 1.4 1.7 2.0 1.7 2.5 1.2 1.0 – 0.2 0.5

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.9 0.5 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.8 1.1 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Sales and related ............................................... 2.0 0.8 1.9 0.9 1.1 1.8 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.2 – – 0.1 0.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.0 0.9 1.9 1.5 1.3 0.9 1.3 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.8 1.5 2.8 1.9 1.7 1.3 2.5 0.8 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.1 1.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 0.8 1.2 2.3 2.0 1.7 1.3 1.6 0.9 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.6 0.5 1.2 0.9 1.3 0.9 1.1 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.0

Production ......................................................... 0.9 0.5 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 0.8 1.2 0.2 0.2 1.4 0.1 1.1

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.1 0.9 2.0 1.1 3.0 1.0 1.7 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 2 ( ) 0.0

Part time ................................................................ 2.0 0.7 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 0.8 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.0

Union ..................................................................... 0.4 0.5 1.1 1.0 1.8 0.8 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.1 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 2 ( ) 0.4

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.4 0.6 1.7 1.3 0.8 1.3 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 3.0 0.8 3.5 2.3 0.7 – 1.4 0.2 0.2 – 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.7 0.6 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.7

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.6 0.3 1.1 1.0 1.2 0.7 1.7 0.9 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.8

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.2 0.3 1.1 1.2 1.9 0.9 2.6 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.1 0.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.8 0.5 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.5 0.9 0.4 0.1 0.8 0.1 0.0

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 2 ( ) 0.0

Education and health services ........................... 1.0 0.9 1.6 1.8 1.1 1.5 1.1 1.2 0.4 1.0 0.3 0.6 0.1 0.0

Educational services ...................................... 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.4 1.3 0.6 0.9 0.7 1.3 0.2 0.0

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.9 1.3 1.2 2.0 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.8 0.3 0.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.4 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.8 1.1 1.9 1.0 1.5 0.2 0.0

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.4 1.2 2.2 2.6 1.5 2.1 1.4 1.7 0.6 1.3 – – 0.2 0.0

Public administration ......................................... – – 0.3 – 0.5 1.4 1.3 1.1 2.1 0.9 1.1 0.4 0.1 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 34. Standard errors for paid holidays: Number of days provided, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Paid holidays

Mean

number

of days

Median

number

of days

Less

than 5

days

5

days

6

days

7

days

8

days

9

days

10

days

11

days

12

days

13

days

14

days

Greater

than 14

days

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.9 0.5 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.8 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.0 0.6 1.3 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.4 1.0 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.3 1.7 2.1 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.7 0.1 0.8

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.3 0.2 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.1 1.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.5 0.3 1.4 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.2 0.9 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.4 0.3 1.5 1.4 1.2 0.8 1.2 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.7 0.1 1.1

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.2 0.7 1.8 2.1 1.0 0.8 1.6 1.2 0.8 1.0 0.2 0.6 0.2 2 ( )

New England ..................................................... 1.9 1.4 1.6 2.8 3.0 1.2 2.6 3.3 1.7 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.7

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.2 0.7 2.4 2.6 0.8 1.0 1.9 1.1 0.7 1.4 0.2 0.8 0.2 0.0

South ..................................................................... 0.7 0.4 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.7 1.3 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.3 2 ( ) 1.1

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.9 0.5 1.8 1.4 1.4 0.8 1.9 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.0

East South Central ............................................ 1.6 1.7 2.4 2.0 1.2 2.4 2.2 0.6 0.6 0.5 – – 0.1 1.1

West South Central ........................................... 1.5 0.3 0.9 1.6 2.0 1.2 2.5 1.3 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.0

Midwest ................................................................. 0.8 0.4 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.0

East North Central ............................................. 1.1 0.3 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.1 0.1

West North Central ............................................ 0.8 – 1.8 1.9 2.1 1.6 1.8 0.7 0.8 – – 0.2 0.1 0.0

West ...................................................................... 0.9 0.8 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.4 1.9 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.0

Mountain ............................................................ 0.6 2.1 2.4 1.8 0.8 1.6 1.1 0.7 0.9 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1

Pacific ................................................................ 1.3 0.8 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.9 2.7 1.4 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.1 1.3

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm

for further explanation. 2 Less than 0.05. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 35. Paid sick leave: Type of provision, civilian workers,1 March

2021

(All workers with paid sick leave = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Sick leave provision

Fixed number

of days per

year2

As needed3

As part of

consolidated

leave plan4

All workers ............................................................. 69 2 29

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 67 3 30

Management, business, and financial ............... 62 4 35

Professional and related .................................... 70 2 28

Teachers ........................................................ 89 – –

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 89 – –

Service ................................................................... 73 2 25

Protective service .............................................. 81 4 15

Sales and office ..................................................... 65 2 32

Sales and related ............................................... 64 3 33

Office and administrative support ...................... 66 2 32

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 67 3 30

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 69 3 28

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 65 4 31

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 73 1 25

Transportation and material moving .................. 77 1 21

Full time ................................................................. 66 2 31

Part time ................................................................ 81 1 18

Union ..................................................................... 86 1 12

Nonunion ............................................................... 65 2 32

Average wage within the following categories:5

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 74 1 25

Second 25 percent ............................................ 67 2 31

Third 25 percent ................................................ 68 3 29

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 67 3 30

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 66 4 29

Service-providing industries .................................. 69 2 29

Education and health services ........................... 71 1 28

Educational services ...................................... 92 1 7

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 93 1 6

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 92 2 6

Health care and social assistance ................. 58 – –

Public administration ......................................... 87 3 10

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 35. Paid sick leave: Type of provision, civilian workers,1 March

2021—continued

(All workers with paid sick leave = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Sick leave provision

Fixed number

of days per

year2

As needed3

As part of

consolidated

leave plan4

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 69 3 28

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 68 4 28

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 71 1 27

100 workers or more .............................................. 68 2 30

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 67 1 31

500 workers or more .......................................... 69 2 29

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 76 3 21

New England ..................................................... 75 2 23

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 76 3 21

South ..................................................................... 65 3 33

South Atlantic .................................................... 66 3 32

East South Central ............................................ 68 3 29

West South Central ........................................... 61 3 36

Midwest ................................................................. 63 2 35

West North Central ............................................ 61 – –

West ...................................................................... 73 2 26

Mountain ............................................................ 61 1 38

Pacific ................................................................ 77 2 21

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of

Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Employees earn or accrue a specified number of sick leave days per year. This number may vary by

length of service. 3 Plan does not specify maximum number of days. 4 A consolidated leave plan provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes,

such as vacation, illness, or personal business. 5 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this

category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related

terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 35. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Type of provision, civilian

workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Sick leave provision

Fixed number

of days per

year2

As needed3

As part of

consolidated

leave plan4

All workers ............................................................. 0.8 0.2 0.8

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.3 0.5 1.2

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.6 0.7 1.4

Professional and related .................................... 1.5 0.5 1.4

Teachers ........................................................ 2.8 – –

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 3.5 – –

Service ................................................................... 2.3 0.5 2.2

Protective service .............................................. 3.0 0.7 2.8

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.2 0.3 1.1

Sales and related ............................................... 1.7 0.6 1.6

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.4 0.3 1.3

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.2 0.7 2.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.9 0.7 2.9

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.9 1.1 2.4

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.7 0.3 1.7

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.4 0.4 2.3

Full time ................................................................. 0.9 0.2 0.9

Part time ................................................................ 1.3 0.4 1.2

Union ..................................................................... 1.2 0.4 1.2

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.0 0.3 0.9

Average wage within the following categories:5

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.4 0.3 1.4

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.2 0.3 1.2

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.2 0.5 1.1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.5 0.4 1.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.7 0.8 1.6

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.9 0.2 0.9

Education and health services ........................... 2.0 0.4 2.0

Educational services ...................................... 0.8 0.3 0.8

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.7 0.3 0.7

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.9 0.8 1.7

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.1 – –

Public administration ......................................... 1.3 0.6 0.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 35. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Type of provision, civilian

workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Sick leave provision

Fixed number

of days per

year2

As needed3

As part of

consolidated

leave plan4

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.5 0.4 1.4

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.8 0.6 1.7

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.2 0.4 2.2

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.0 0.2 1.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.4 0.2 1.3

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.5 0.3 1.4

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.7 0.3 1.5

New England ..................................................... 2.6 0.3 2.6

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.8 0.4 1.7

South ..................................................................... 1.4 0.3 1.5

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.0 0.5 2.1

East South Central ............................................ 2.4 0.9 2.8

West South Central ........................................... 2.8 0.5 2.8

Midwest ................................................................. 1.7 0.5 1.5

West North Central ............................................ 4.0 – –

West ...................................................................... 1.7 0.6 1.5

Mountain ............................................................ 3.2 0.2 3.1

Pacific ................................................................ 1.8 0.8 1.4

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of

Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Employees earn or accrue a specified number of sick leave days per year. This number may vary by

length of service. 3 Plan does not specify maximum number of days. 4 A consolidated leave plan provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes,

such as vacation, illness, or personal business. 5 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of

major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 36. Paid sick leave: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 civilian workers,2 March 2021

(All workers with fixed number of days per year sick leave plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid sick leave days by length of service3

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 29

days

Greater

than 29

days

After 1 year

All workers ............................................................. 20 48 27 4 4 () 8 7

Full time ................................................................. 17 47 31 5 4 () 8 7

Part time ................................................................ 33 57 91–66

Union ..................................................................... 14 28 48 10 1 10 10

Nonunion ............................................................... 21 53 23 3 4 () 7 6

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 26 54 18 2 4 () 7 6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 26 56 15 2 4 () 7 5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 25 46 25 3 4 () 7 7

100 workers or more .............................................. 14 43 36 6 4 () 9 9

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 17 51 27 4 4 () 8 7

500 workers or more .......................................... 12 36 44 7 4 ( ) 9 10

After 5 years

All workers ............................................................. 19 49 27 5187

Full time ................................................................. 16 47 31 5188

Part time ................................................................ 31 59 9––66

Union ..................................................................... 12 29 47 12 1 10 10

Nonunion ............................................................... 21 53 22 3 4 () 7 6

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 25 54 18 3 4 () 7 6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 26 57 15 2 4 () 7 5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 24 47 25 4 4 () 7 7

100 workers or more .............................................. 13 44 35 7199

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 16 52 27 5 4 () 8 7

500 workers or more .......................................... 11 36 44 8 1 10 10

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 36. Paid sick leave: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 civilian workers,2 March

2021—continued

(All workers with fixed number of days per year sick leave plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid sick leave days by length of service3

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 29

days

Greater

than 29

days

After 10 years

All workers ............................................................. 19 48 28 5187

Full time ................................................................. 16 46 31 6188

Part time ................................................................ 31 59 9––66

Union ..................................................................... 11 29 47 12 1 11 10

Nonunion ............................................................... 20 53 23 3177

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 25 54 18 3 4 () 7 6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 25 57 15 2 4 () 7 6

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 23 46 26 4 4 () 7 7

100 workers or more .............................................. 13 43 36 7199

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 16 51 28 5187

500 workers or more .......................................... 11 36 44 8 1 10 10

After 20 years

All workers ............................................................. 18 48 28 5187

Full time ................................................................. 16 46 31 6188

Part time ................................................................ 31 59 9––66

Union ..................................................................... 11 29 47 12 1 11 10

Nonunion ............................................................... 20 53 23 3177

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 25 54 18 3 4 () 7 6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 25 57 15 2 4 () 7 6

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 23 47 26 4 4 () 7 7

100 workers or more .............................................. 13 44 36 7199

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 16 51 28 5187

500 workers or more .......................................... 11 36 44 8 1 10 10

1 Employees either are granted a specific number of days after completion of the indicated length of service or accrue days during the next 12-month period.

The total number of days is assumed to be available for use immediately upon completion of the service interval. Periods of service are chosen arbitrarily and do

not necessarily reflect individual provisions for progression. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 3 Employees earn or accrue a specified number of sick leave days per year. This number may vary by length of service. Employees eligible for paid sick leave

but who have not fulfilled the minimum service requirement are included as receiving 0 days. 4 Less than 0.5.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 36. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 civilian

workers,2 March 2021

Characteristics

Paid sick leave days by length of service3

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 29

days

Greater

than 29

days

After 1 year

All workers ............................................................. 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Full time ................................................................. 0.8 0.9 1.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.6

Part time ................................................................ 2.7 2.7 0.9 0.2 – 0.1 0.1

Union ..................................................................... 1.0 1.9 1.8 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.4

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.7 1.4 1.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.1 1.6 1.7 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.7

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.3 3.2 2.7 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.5

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.9 1.2 1.3 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.3 1.7 1.6 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.4

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.3 1.4 1.7 0.7 0.1 0.2 4 ( )

After 5 years

All workers ............................................................. 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1

Full time ................................................................. 0.7 0.9 1.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.6

Part time ................................................................ 2.7 2.7 0.9 – – 0.1 0.2

Union ..................................................................... 0.8 2.0 1.8 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.5

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.7 1.4 1.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 4 ( )

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.1 1.7 1.7 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.7

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.3 3.3 2.7 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.4

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.9 1.2 1.3 0.5 0.2 0.1 4 ( )

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.3 1.7 1.6 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.2

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.1 1.6 1.7 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 36. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 civilian

workers,2 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Paid sick leave days by length of service3

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 29

days

Greater

than 29

days

After 10 years

All workers ............................................................. 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 4 ( )

Full time ................................................................. 0.7 1.0 1.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.4

Part time ................................................................ 2.7 2.7 0.9 – – 0.1 0.2

Union ..................................................................... 0.7 2.0 1.8 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.1 1.2 1.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.4

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.7 1.4 1.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.1 1.7 1.7 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.9

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.3 3.3 2.7 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.5

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.9 1.2 1.3 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.3 1.7 1.6 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.4

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.1 1.6 1.7 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.0

After 20 years

All workers ............................................................. 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 4 ( )

Full time ................................................................. 0.7 1.0 1.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.4

Part time ................................................................ 2.7 2.7 0.9 – – 0.1 0.3

Union ..................................................................... 0.7 2.0 1.8 0.9 0.2 0.4 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.1 1.2 1.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.4

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.7 1.4 1.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.1 1.7 1.7 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.9

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.3 3.3 2.7 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.5

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.9 1.2 1.3 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.3 1.7 1.6 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.4

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.1 1.6 1.7 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.0

1 Employees either are granted a specific number of days after completion of the indicated length of service or accrue days during the next 12-month period.

The total number of days is assumed to be available for use immediately upon completion of the service interval. Periods of service are chosen arbitrarily and do

not necessarily reflect individual provisions for progression. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 3 Employees earn or accrue a specified number of sick leave days per year. This number may vary by length of service. Employees eligible for paid sick leave

but who have not fulfilled the minimum service requirement are included as receiving 0 days. 4 Less than 0.05.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 37. Paid sick leave: Carryover provisions, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers with fixed number of days per year sick leave plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Carryover provision2

No

carryover

Total provision Unlimited

accumulation

Limit on days

accumulated

All workers ............................................................. 58 22 36 42

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 69 33 36 31

Management, business, and financial ............... 57 23 34 43

Professional and related .................................... 74 37 37 26

Teachers ........................................................ 87 49 38 13

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 88 50 37 12

Service:

Protective service ............................................. 81 43 38 19

Sales and office ..................................................... 49 15 34 51

Sales and related ............................................... 36 8 28 64

Office and administrative support ...................... 55 19 37 45

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 50 12 38 50

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 50 13 37 50

Full time ................................................................. 59 24 35 41

Union ..................................................................... 78 36 42 22

Nonunion ............................................................... 54 19 35 46

Average wage within the following categories:3

Second 25 percent ............................................ 56 19 37 44

Third 25 percent ................................................ 60 25 34 40

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 66 29 37 34

Service-providing industries .................................. 62 24 38 38

Education and health services ........................... 80 39 41 20

Educational services ...................................... 88 51 38 12

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 88 51 37 12

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 90 54 36 10

Public administration ......................................... 94 57 36 6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 37. Paid sick leave: Carryover provisions, civilian workers,1 March

2021—continued

(All workers with fixed number of days per year sick leave plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Carryover provision2

No

carryover

Total provision Unlimited

accumulation

Limit on days

accumulated

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 47 15 32 53

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 44 14 29 56

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 58 18 40 42

100 workers or more:

500 workers or more ........................................ 76 35 41 24

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 60 17 43 40

New England ..................................................... 62 11 51 38

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 59 19 40 41

South ..................................................................... 56 26 30 44

South Atlantic .................................................... 58 28 30 42

East South Central ............................................ 54 24 29 46

West South Central ........................................... 54 23 30 46

West ...................................................................... 60 23 37 40

Pacific ................................................................ 59 23 36 41

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Employees earn or accrue a specified number of sick leave days per year. This number may vary by length of

service. Plans that allow employees to accumulate unused sick leave from year to year. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major plans, key provisions,

and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 37. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Carryover provisions, civilian

workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Carryover provision2

No

carryover

Total provision Unlimited

accumulation

Limit on days

accumulated

All workers ............................................................. 1.2 0.8 1.2 1.2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.5

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.8 1.5 2.0 1.8

Professional and related .................................... 1.8 1.9 1.6 1.8

Teachers ........................................................ 1.3 1.9 1.8 1.3

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.2 2.4 2.5 1.2

Service:

Protective service ............................................. 3.2 2.5 3.7 3.2

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.8 0.9 1.5 1.8

Sales and related ............................................... 2.5 1.0 2.1 2.5

Office and administrative support ...................... 2.3 1.2 1.9 2.3

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.6 1.2 2.7 2.6

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 3.3 1.4 3.4 3.3

Full time ................................................................. 1.2 0.8 1.1 1.2

Union ..................................................................... 1.4 1.4 1.8 1.4

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.4 0.9 1.3 1.4

Average wage within the following categories:3

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.9 1.3 1.6 1.9

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.4

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.4

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.4 0.8 1.3 1.4

Education and health services ........................... 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.6

Educational services ...................................... 0.8 1.5 1.4 0.8

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.1 2.2 2.1 1.1

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.4 2.3 2.1 1.4

Public administration ......................................... 1.0 2.1 1.7 1.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 37. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Carryover provisions, civilian

workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Carryover provision2

No

carryover

Total provision Unlimited

accumulation

Limit on days

accumulated

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.6 1.3 1.9 1.6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.7 1.5 2.2 1.7

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.8 2.4 2.8 2.8

100 workers or more:

500 workers or more ........................................ 1.5 1.3 1.6 1.5

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.9 1.2 2.3 1.9

New England ..................................................... 4.4 1.6 5.2 4.4

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.8 1.3 2.1 1.8

South ..................................................................... 1.6 1.0 1.2 1.6

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.6 1.6 1.9 2.6

East South Central ............................................ 2.3 2.9 1.7 2.3

West South Central ........................................... 2.1 1.2 1.6 2.1

West ...................................................................... 2.3 1.3 3.1 2.3

Pacific ................................................................ 2.7 1.5 3.5 2.7

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Employees earn or accrue a specified number of sick leave days per year. This number may vary by length of

service. Plans that allow employees to accumulate unused sick leave from year to year. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 39. Paid vacations: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 civilian workers,2 March 2021

(All workers with paid vacations = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid vacation days by length of service3

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 19

days

20 to 24

days

Greater

than 24

days

After 1 year

All workers ............................................................. 8 29 36 18 7 2 11 10

Full time ................................................................. 5 27 38 19 8 3 11 10

Part time ................................................................ 29 42 20 71175

Union ..................................................................... 5 31 43 15 5 1 10 10

Nonunion ............................................................... 8 28 35 18 8 3 11 10

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 11 36 34 13 4 1 9 10

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 13 37 33 11 4 1 9 10

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 5 33 38 17 – – 11 10

100 workers or more .............................................. 5 22 37 22 10 4 12 10

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 6 29 36 20 7 2 11 10

500 workers or more .......................................... 3 15 39 25 13 6 14 13

After 5 years

All workers ............................................................. 3 11 30 33 16 7 15 15

Full time ................................................................. 1 8 29 35 18 8 15 15

Part time ................................................................ 10 29 34 20 4 3 11 10

Union ..................................................................... 1 6 36 39 14 4 15 15

Nonunion ............................................................... 3 12 29 32 16 8 15 15

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 4 16 34 30 12 4 13 12

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 4 19 35 28 10 4 13 10

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2 9 32 34 17 6 15 15

100 workers or more .............................................. 2 6 26 37 20 10 16 15

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2 8 32 34 18 6 15 15

500 workers or more .......................................... 1 5 19 39 22 15 18 16

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 39. Paid vacations: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 civilian workers,2 March 2021—continued

(All workers with paid vacations = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid vacation days by length of service3

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 19

days

20 to 24

days

Greater

than 24

days

After 10 years

All workers ............................................................. 2 7 17 34 23 16 18 16

Full time ................................................................. 1 6 15 35 25 18 18 18

Part time ................................................................ 9 19 30 27 10 5 13 13

Union ..................................................................... 1 3 12 48 24 12 18 17

Nonunion ............................................................... 2 8 18 32 23 17 17 16

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 3 11 23 33 19 10 16 15

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3 13 26 32 17 9 15 15

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2 6 16 35 27 14 18 16

100 workers or more .............................................. 1 4 11 36 27 21 19 20

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2 5 15 37 25 17 18 17

500 workers or more .......................................... 1 3 7 34 29 26 20 20

After 20 years

All workers ............................................................. 2 7 13 19 31 28 20 20

Full time ................................................................. 1 6 12 18 33 30 20 20

Part time ................................................................ 8 17 20 23 17 14 15 15

Union ..................................................................... 4 ( ) 2 7 12 40 38 22 21

Nonunion ............................................................... 2 8 14 20 30 26 20 20

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 3 10 20 24 26 17 17 16

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3 12 22 24 24 15 16 15

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2 5 14 22 33 24 19 20

100 workers or more .............................................. 1 4 7 15 36 38 22 21

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1 5 9 19 35 31 21 20

500 workers or more .......................................... 1 3 4 10 37 46 24 24

1 Employees either are granted a specific number of days after completion of the indicated length of service or accrue days during the next 12-month period. The total number

of days is assumed to be available for use immediately upon completion of the service interval. Periods of service are chosen arbitrarily and do not necessarily reflect individual

provisions for progression. Fractional vacation amounts were rounded to the nearest full number of days. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 3 Employees eligible for paid vacations but who have not fulfilled the minimum service requirement are included as receiving 0 days. Estimates include plans that are

exclusively for paid vacation and vacation plans that are part of a consolidated leave plan that provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes. 4 Less than 0.5.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit

Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 39. Standard errors for paid vacations: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 civilian workers,2

March 2021

Characteristics

Paid vacation days by length of service3

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 19

days

20 to 24

days

Greater

than 24

days

After 1 year

All workers ............................................................. 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.0

Part time ................................................................ 2.7 2.0 1.7 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.7

Union ..................................................................... 0.6 2.1 1.8 1.0 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.8 1.3 1.3 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.2 1.5 1.6 1.0 0.8 0.3 0.2 0.9

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.1 2.4 2.6 2.0 – – 0.3 0.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.8

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.5 1.3 1.4 0.9 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.4 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.9 0.9 0.2 0.3

After 5 years

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.4 0.1 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.2 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.1 0.0

Part time ................................................................ 1.3 2.5 2.1 1.4 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.0

Union ..................................................................... 0.2 0.5 1.8 1.4 1.1 0.7 0.2 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.3 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.5 1.3 1.2 1.3 0.9 0.7 0.2 1.3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 0.9 0.7 0.2 1.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.7 1.2 2.0 2.1 2.4 1.5 0.4 0.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.1 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.4 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.2 0.6 0.2 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.3 0.4 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.3 0.2 0.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 39. Standard errors for paid vacations: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 civilian workers,2

March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Paid vacation days by length of service3

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 19

days

20 to 24

days

Greater

than 24

days

After 10 years

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.2 0.6

Full time ................................................................. 0.2 0.4 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.2 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 1.2 2.2 2.7 1.6 1.0 0.8 0.3 0.4

Union ..................................................................... 0.2 0.4 1.2 1.9 1.5 1.0 0.2 0.3

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.2 1.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.5 0.8 1.4 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.2 0.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.6 1.0 1.6 1.5 1.3 0.9 0.2 0.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.7 1.2 1.3 2.1 2.3 1.9 0.4 1.4

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.3 0.5 0.5 1.2 0.9 0.9 0.2 4 ( )

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.4 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.2 0.9

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.3 0.3 0.5 1.7 1.3 1.2 0.2 0.0

After 20 years

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.1 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.1 0.0

Part time ................................................................ 1.3 2.3 2.6 1.5 1.2 1.4 0.3 4 ( )

Union ..................................................................... 0.2 0.4 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.6 0.2 0.7

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.2 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.5 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.0 0.2 1.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.6 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.1 0.3 4 ( )

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.7 1.1 1.2 1.9 2.4 2.3 0.4 0.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.2 0.3 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 1.1 1.1 0.2 4 ( )

1 Employees either are granted a specific number of days after completion of the indicated length of service or accrue days during the next 12-month period. The total number

of days is assumed to be available for use immediately upon completion of the service interval. Periods of service are chosen arbitrarily and do not necessarily reflect individual

provisions for progression. Fractional vacation amounts were rounded to the nearest full number of days. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 3 Employees eligible for paid vacations but who have not fulfilled the minimum service requirement are included as receiving 0 days. Estimates include plans that are

exclusively for paid vacation and vacation plans that are part of a consolidated leave plan that provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes. 4 Less than 0.05.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 40. Consolidated leave plans:1 Access, civilian workers,2 March 2021

(All workers with paid vacations = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With consolidated leave plan With no consolidated leave plan

Access

Paid days by length of

service

(Mean number of days) Access

Paid vacation days by

length of service

(Mean number of days)

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

All workers ............................................................. 41 14 18 21 23 59 9 13 15 18

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 50 16 20 22 24 50 12 15 18 20

Management, business, and financial ............... 45 16 20 23 25 55 12 15 18 20

Professional and related .................................... 52 16 20 22 24 48 12 15 18 20

Registered nurses ......................................... 75 17 21 24 26 25 12 15 17 19

Service ................................................................... 39 13 17 19 20 61 7 11 13 15

Protective service .............................................. 25 15 18 21 24 75 10 13 16 20

Sales and office ..................................................... 42 14 18 21 24 58 9 13 15 18

Sales and related ............................................... 42 12 17 20 23 58 8 12 15 17

Office and administrative support ...................... 42 14 19 22 25 58 9 13 16 18

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 34 11 15 17 19 66 8 11 14 16

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 34 9 12 14 16 66 7 11 13 15

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 33 13 17 20 22 67 8 12 15 17

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 30 10 14 17 20 70 7 12 15 18

Production ......................................................... 35 10 14 17 20 65 7 12 15 18

Transportation and material moving .................. 25 10 14 17 21 75 7 12 15 18

Full time ................................................................. 42 14 19 21 24 58 9 13 16 18

Part time ................................................................ 35 9 13 14 17 65 6 10 13 15

Union ..................................................................... 19 14 19 22 25 81 9 14 17 21

Nonunion ............................................................... 44 14 18 21 23 56 9 13 15 17

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 36 11 15 18 20 64 7 11 13 15

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 32 9 13 15 16 68 6 10 12 13

Second 25 percent ............................................ 43 13 18 20 23 57 8 12 15 17

Third 25 percent ................................................ 39 14 18 21 23 61 9 13 16 18

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 47 16 20 22 25 53 12 15 18 20

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 47 17 20 23 25 53 12 16 18 21

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 36 10 14 17 19 64 8 12 14 16

Service-providing industries .................................. 42 14 19 21 24 58 9 13 16 18

Education and health services ........................... 51 17 21 23 25 49 11 14 17 18

Educational services ...................................... 13 14 17 19 19 87 13 15 18 20

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 13 13 14 16 16 87 11 14 16 19

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 8 17 21 23 25 92 15 17 19 22

Health care and social assistance ................. 61 17 21 24 25 39 10 14 16 17

Hospitals .................................................... 77 19 23 26 28 23 12 15 17 20

Public administration ......................................... 10 18 22 26 30 90 11 15 18 22

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 40. Consolidated leave plans:1 Access, civilian workers,2 March 2021—continued

(All workers with paid vacations = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With consolidated leave plan With no consolidated leave plan

Access

Paid days by length of

service

(Mean number of days) Access

Paid vacation days by

length of service

(Mean number of days)

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 39 12 16 18 20 61 8 12 14 15

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 39 11 15 18 19 61 7 11 13 14

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 40 13 18 21 22 60 9 13 15 17

100 workers or more .............................................. 43 15 20 22 25 57 10 14 17 20

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 42 14 18 21 24 58 9 13 16 19

500 workers or more .......................................... 45 17 21 24 27 55 11 15 18 21

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 35 15 19 21 23 65 10 14 16 18

New England ..................................................... 36 16 20 23 25 64 10 14 16 18

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 34 15 18 21 23 66 10 14 16 18

South ..................................................................... 42 13 18 20 22 58 9 12 15 17

South Atlantic .................................................... 41 14 18 21 23 59 9 12 15 17

East South Central ............................................ 39 14 18 22 24 61 9 11 14 16

West South Central ........................................... 44 12 17 19 21 56 8 12 15 17

Midwest ................................................................. 43 14 18 21 24 57 9 13 16 19

East North Central ............................................. 42 13 18 21 23 58 9 13 16 19

West North Central ............................................ 46 15 19 22 24 54 8 13 15 18

West ...................................................................... 44 13 17 20 22 56 9 13 16 18

Mountain ............................................................ 53 13 17 20 22 47 9 13 16 18

Pacific ................................................................ 40 13 18 20 22 60 9 13 16 18

1 A consolidated leave plan provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes, such as vacation, illness, or personal

business. Those with no consolidated leave plan often have separate leave plans for different purposes. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings

both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 40. Standard errors for consolidated leave plans:1 Access, civilian workers,2 March 2021

Characteristics

With consolidated leave plan With no consolidated leave plan

Access

Paid days by length of

service

(Mean number of days) Access

Paid vacation days by

length of service

(Mean number of days)

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

All workers ............................................................. 0.8 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 1.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.6 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

Professional and related .................................... 1.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 1.7 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Registered nurses ......................................... 3.2 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 3.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.7

Service ................................................................... 2.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 2.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Protective service .............................................. 3.8 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.7 3.8 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

Sales and related ............................................... 1.8 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 1.8 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 1.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.2 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 2.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.0 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 3.0 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.5 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.6 2.5 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 1.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3

Production ......................................................... 2.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 2.0 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.0 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.1 2.0 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Full time ................................................................. 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Part time ................................................................ 2.0 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.6 2.0 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4

Union ..................................................................... 1.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.9 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.6 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.6 1.6 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.9 0.6 1.0 1.4 1.5 2.9 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.5

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 1.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 1.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.6 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 1.5 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.9 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

Education and health services ........................... 2.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 2.6 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

Educational services ...................................... 1.7 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.7 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 2.1 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.3 1.1 1.2 1.1 0.9 2.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.1 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 3.1 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7

Hospitals .................................................... 3.2 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 3.2 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0

Public administration ......................................... 1.3 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 40. Standard errors for consolidated leave plans:1 Access, civilian workers,2 March

2021—continued

Characteristics

With consolidated leave plan With no consolidated leave plan

Access

Paid days by length of

service

(Mean number of days) Access

Paid vacation days by

length of service

(Mean number of days)

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.7 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 2.6 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

New England ..................................................... 3.3 1.6 1.8 2.0 1.8 3.3 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.4

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.4 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.7 1.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4

South ..................................................................... 1.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 2.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

East South Central ............................................ 1.6 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.4 1.6 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.9

West South Central ........................................... 3.3 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 3.3 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5

Midwest ................................................................. 1.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.5 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

East North Central ............................................. 1.8 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.8 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2

West North Central ............................................ 3.0 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 3.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4

West ...................................................................... 1.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.5 1.7 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

Mountain ............................................................ 3.1 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.6 3.1 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.7

Pacific ................................................................ 2.0 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.8 2.0 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

1 A consolidated leave plan provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes, such as vacation, illness, or personal

business. Those with no consolidated leave plan often have separate leave plans for different purposes. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings

both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 41. Quality of life benefits: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics Childcare2 Flexible

workplace

Flexible

work

schedule

Subsidized

commuting

Wellness

programs

Employee

assistance

programs

All workers ............................................................. 11 7 13 9 45 55

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 18 15 22 14 61 72

Management, business, and financial ............... 19 23 31 17 64 72

Professional and related .................................... 17 11 18 13 60 72

Teachers ........................................................ 13 3 8 7 57 71

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 9 2 5 3 57 70

Registered nurses ......................................... 30 5 13 16 80 87

Service ................................................................... 11 2 10 7 26 35

Protective service .............................................. 11 3 6 10 47 62

Sales and office ..................................................... 8 7 13 7 47 57

Sales and related ............................................... 5 7 12 5 41 53

Office and administrative support ...................... 10 8 14 9 51 60

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 5 2 4 5 30 38

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 5 1 3 4 25 30

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 6 3 6 6 36 47

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 5 2 5 4 44 56

Production ......................................................... 8 3 5 4 46 54

Transportation and material moving .................. 2 1 5 3 43 57

Full time ................................................................. 13 9 14 10 51 61

Part time ................................................................ 6 2 11 5 25 35

Union ..................................................................... 15 3 6 13 58 78

Nonunion ............................................................... 10 8 15 8 43 52

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 6 1 8 3 25 33

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 6 1 8 3 18 24

Second 25 percent ............................................ 9 4 10 7 45 55

Third 25 percent ................................................ 12 9 14 10 51 61

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 19 16 23 16 63 75

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 23 21 28 20 67 79

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 8 6 9 4 43 50

Service-providing industries .................................. 11 8 14 9 46 56

Education and health services ........................... 17 4 11 9 54 66

Educational services ...................................... 15 5 7 8 58 72

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 9 2 1 4 53 68

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 28 9 17 19 78 90

Health care and social assistance ................. 19 4 14 10 51 62

Hospitals .................................................... 35 3 10 17 83 93

Public administration ......................................... 18 6 12 17 65 82

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 41. Quality of life benefits: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics Childcare2 Flexible

workplace

Flexible

work

schedule

Subsidized

commuting

Wellness

programs

Employee

assistance

programs

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 6 6 11 5 27 35

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 6 6 11 6 23 31

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 6 6 13 5 41 51

100 workers or more .............................................. 16 9 16 12 65 77

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 9 8 14 8 56 68

500 workers or more .......................................... 25 10 17 16 75 86

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 14 7 17 12 43 56

New England ..................................................... 13 5 16 13 47 60

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 14 7 17 11 42 54

South ..................................................................... 10 8 12 6 46 53

South Atlantic .................................................... 13 8 13 7 47 54

East South Central ............................................ 6 6 9 3 50 53

West South Central ........................................... 9 8 12 5 43 49

Midwest ................................................................. 10 8 14 6 47 58

East North Central ............................................. 10 8 14 7 48 58

West North Central ............................................ 9 7 12 5 47 57

West ...................................................................... 10 7 13 13 44 56

Mountain ............................................................ 9 6 10 11 46 59

Pacific ................................................................ 11 8 14 14 43 55

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 A workplace program that provides for either the full or partial cost of caring for an employee’s children in a nursery, day care center, or a baby

sitter in facilities either on or off the employer’s premises. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with

earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related

terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 41. Standard errors for quality of life benefits: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics Childcare2 Flexible

workplace

Flexible

work

schedule

Subsidized

commuting

Wellness

programs

Employee

assistance

programs

All workers ............................................................. 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.9 0.7

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.3 0.9

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.4 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.6 1.2

Professional and related .................................... 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.8 1.6 1.2

Teachers ........................................................ 1.5 0.8 1.9 0.7 2.0 1.8

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.8 0.8 2.4 0.6 3.0 2.4

Registered nurses ......................................... 3.3 1.7 1.9 2.6 2.2 2.3

Service ................................................................... 1.4 0.4 1.7 1.2 1.6 1.6

Protective service .............................................. 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.5 3.2 4.8

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.5 1.2 1.0

Sales and related ............................................... 0.8 1.4 1.5 0.6 1.8 1.5

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.7 0.6 1.2 0.6 1.2 1.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.5 1.6

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.1 0.3 0.5 0.9 1.8 2.1

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.3 2.3 2.3

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.4 1.9 1.6

Production ......................................................... 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.6 2.5 2.3

Transportation and material moving .................. 0.5 0.4 1.0 0.6 2.5 1.8

Full time ................................................................. 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.4 1.0 0.9

Part time ................................................................ 0.7 0.4 1.2 0.7 1.3 1.2

Union ..................................................................... 1.0 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.7 1.4

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 1.0 0.8

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.9 0.3 1.1 0.6 1.2 1.2

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.2 0.5 1.6 0.7 1.7 1.9

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.8 0.4 0.9 0.9 1.5 1.4

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.6 1.2 1.1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.0 1.1 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.4 1.3

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.4 1.6 1.9

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.5 1.1 0.8

Education and health services ........................... 1.4 0.7 1.5 0.7 2.4 1.6

Educational services ...................................... 1.3 0.7 0.7 0.5 1.6 0.9

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.7 0.8 0.3 0.6 2.1 1.4

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.6 1.2 1.6 1.5 2.4 1.4

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.0 1.1 2.3 1.1 3.7 2.4

Hospitals .................................................... 3.0 1.1 1.4 2.7 2.3 1.8

Public administration ......................................... 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 41. Standard errors for quality of life benefits: Access, civilian workers,1 March

2021—continued

Characteristics Childcare2 Flexible

workplace

Flexible

work

schedule

Subsidized

commuting

Wellness

programs

Employee

assistance

programs

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.5 1.0 1.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.1

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.1 1.0 1.6 0.8 2.4 2.2

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.7 1.2 1.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.7 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.7 1.3

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.2 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.4 1.2

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.9 0.9 2.0 0.8 2.0 1.6

New England ..................................................... 1.4 1.7 2.4 1.8 1.7 3.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.1 1.1 2.8 1.1 3.0 2.0

South ..................................................................... 1.0 0.9 0.5 0.5 1.2 1.1

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.6 1.1 0.6 0.8 1.5 1.6

East South Central ............................................ 0.8 2.3 1.0 0.4 3.2 1.2

West South Central ........................................... 1.2 1.7 1.3 0.6 2.3 2.0

Midwest ................................................................. 0.8 0.7 1.2 0.9 2.7 1.7

East North Central ............................................. 0.9 0.8 1.3 1.2 3.9 2.2

West North Central ............................................ 1.6 1.3 2.6 1.1 2.9 2.4

West ...................................................................... 1.2 0.8 1.2 1.0 1.6 1.6

Mountain ............................................................ 1.5 1.7 2.3 2.4 3.3 1.7

Pacific ................................................................ 1.7 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.9 2.2

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 A workplace program that provides for either the full or partial cost of caring for an employee’s children in a nursery, day care center, or a baby

sitter in facilities either on or off the employer’s premises. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with

earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related

terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 42. Financial benefits: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Health

savings

account

Section 125 cafeteria benefits

Savings

plans with

no employer

contribution4

Financial

planning

Student

loan

repayment

Flexible

benefits

Dependent

care flexible

spending

account2

Healthcare

flexible

spending

account3

All workers ............................................................. 35 15 43 47 21 22 4

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 50 24 61 67 31 31 7

Management, business, and financial ............... 57 22 67 70 25 36 8

Professional and related .................................... 46 25 59 65 33 29 6

Teachers ........................................................ 39 32 56 63 52 25 6

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 40 34 55 63 52 23 6

Registered nurses ......................................... 50 35 72 80 35 33 8

Service ................................................................... 18 9 24 28 15 11 3

Protective service .............................................. 25 24 46 58 42 22 2

Sales and office ..................................................... 36 12 41 44 16 24 3

Sales and related ............................................... 30 6 32 33 9 23 2

Office and administrative support ...................... 40 16 48 51 21 25 3

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 27 10 29 32 17 15 2

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 20 8 21 22 15 11 5 ( )

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 34 12 39 42 19 19 3

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 29 11 41 45 18 20 2

Production ......................................................... 30 14 43 46 19 24 3

Transportation and material moving .................. 28 9 39 44 17 15 1

Full time ................................................................. 42 18 50 56 24 25 4

Part time ................................................................ 11 4 18 18 10 11 2

Union ..................................................................... 34 20 60 66 44 27 4

Nonunion ............................................................... 35 14 40 44 17 21 4

Average wage within the following categories:6

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 17 6 20 21 11 12 2

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 11 5 12 13 7 7 2

Second 25 percent ............................................ 34 12 42 46 18 20 3

Third 25 percent ................................................ 39 19 50 55 25 25 4

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 52 24 65 70 33 33 8

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 59 23 68 74 32 36 9

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 35 13 40 44 14 23 2

Service-providing industries .................................. 35 15 43 47 22 22 4

Education and health services ........................... 37 23 51 58 32 22 5

Educational services ...................................... 41 34 60 66 55 25 5

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 36 35 54 62 54 21 4

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 52 35 80 84 65 36 7

Health care and social assistance ................. 34 17 46 53 19 21 5

Hospitals .................................................... 49 36 77 84 31 39 9

Public administration ......................................... 37 34 66 71 66 31 4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 42. Financial benefits: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Health

savings

account

Section 125 cafeteria benefits

Savings

plans with

no employer

contribution4

Financial

planning

Student

loan

repayment

Flexible

benefits

Dependent

care flexible

spending

account2

Healthcare

flexible

spending

account3

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 24 8 25 28 13 11 3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 21 6 22 24 10 10 3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 34 13 38 42 21 18 4

100 workers or more .............................................. 46 22 62 67 29 33 5

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 42 16 52 54 21 31 4

500 workers or more .......................................... 51 29 73 79 38 36 6

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 28 10 44 48 25 22 4

New England ..................................................... 31 10 46 48 22 29 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 27 11 43 48 25 20 4

South ..................................................................... 34 18 41 46 18 22 5

South Atlantic .................................................... 33 17 42 48 18 22 5

East South Central ............................................ 31 20 39 43 22 25 5

West South Central ........................................... 36 20 40 44 17 21 5

Midwest ................................................................. 38 15 44 47 22 24 3

East North Central ............................................. 37 14 44 48 23 24 3

West North Central ............................................ 39 18 45 46 18 23 4

West ...................................................................... 38 12 43 46 21 19 3

Mountain ............................................................ 43 14 44 47 18 22 2

Pacific ................................................................ 36 11 43 46 22 18 3

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Formerly referred to as Dependent care reimbursement account. 3 Formerly referred to as Healthcare reimbursement account. 4 Savings plans established by the employer on behalf of the employee, but with no employer contribution. These are cash or deferred arrangement

plans or individual retirement accounts used to fund savings and retirement plans authorized by section 401(k), 403(b), or 457 of the Internal Revenue Code.

The employees’ contributions can be pre- and post-tax. Employees may authorize a payroll deduction by the employer to fund the established plan. 5 Less than 0.5. 6 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings

both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms,

see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 42. Standard errors for financial benefits: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Health

savings

account

Section 125 cafeteria benefits

Savings

plans with

no employer

contribution4

Financial

planning

Student

loan

repaymentFlexible

benefits

Dependent

care flexible

spending

account2

Healthcare

flexible

spending

account3

All workers ............................................................. 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.7 0.3

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.6

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.8 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.9 0.9

Professional and related .................................... 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 0.7

Teachers ........................................................ 2.0 1.6 2.2 1.9 1.8 2.1 0.6

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.7 2.3 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.6 0.6

Registered nurses ......................................... 2.2 4.3 4.1 3.2 3.1 3.9 1.9

Service ................................................................... 1.4 0.7 1.1 1.4 0.9 0.9 0.9

Protective service .............................................. 2.4 2.7 2.9 3.2 3.1 2.1 0.3

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.1 0.5 1.1 1.3 0.8 1.0 0.3

Sales and related ............................................... 1.4 0.7 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.2 0.5

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.4 0.6 1.4 1.6 1.0 1.1 0.3

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.6 1.0 1.7 1.6 1.2 1.5 0.3

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.5 1.1 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.0 0.1

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.0 1.4 2.5 2.6 1.4 2.0 0.6

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.7 0.9 1.8 1.9 1.5 1.3 0.4

Production ......................................................... 2.1 1.3 2.2 2.3 1.9 1.8 0.5

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.3 1.2 2.5 2.6 1.6 1.5 0.6

Full time ................................................................. 0.9 0.5 0.9 1.0 0.5 0.8 0.3

Part time ................................................................ 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7

Union ..................................................................... 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.7 0.3

Average wage within the following categories:5

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.9 0.6 1.0 1.1 0.7 0.9 0.5

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.9 0.7

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.2 0.6 1.5 1.5 0.9 1.1 0.4

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.3 0.8 1.1 1.2 0.8 0.9 0.3

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.2 0.7

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.6 1.5 2.0 2.1 1.3 1.7 1.2

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.5 0.9 1.7 1.6 1.0 1.7 0.4

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.8 0.5 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.7 0.3

Education and health services ........................... 1.6 1.0 1.8 1.9 1.4 1.2 0.7

Educational services ...................................... 1.0 1.1 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.6

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.2 0.5

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.7 1.8 1.3 1.3 1.7 3.1 0.9

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.5 1.3 2.7 2.8 1.6 1.8 1.0

Hospitals .................................................... 1.9 3.9 3.8 3.1 2.5 3.3 1.4

Public administration ......................................... 2.0 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.8 0.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 42. Standard errors for financial benefits: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Health

savings

account

Section 125 cafeteria benefits

Savings

plans with

no employer

contribution4

Financial

planning

Student

loan

repaymentFlexible

benefits

Dependent

care flexible

spending

account2

Healthcare

flexible

spending

account3

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.2 0.5 0.9 1.0 0.6 0.7 0.4

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.3 0.5 1.0 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.4

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.4 1.5 2.0 2.1 1.5 1.5 1.1

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.3

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.5 0.9 1.4 0.5

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.5 0.6

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.5 0.6 1.0 1.3 1.7 1.3 0.8

New England ..................................................... 3.5 1.0 2.4 2.4 2.5 1.6 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.4 0.7 1.0 1.5 2.1 1.7 0.3

South ..................................................................... 1.5 0.7 1.1 1.3 0.6 0.9 0.5

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.6 0.8 1.6 1.8 0.8 1.4 0.7

East South Central ............................................ 3.2 2.3 1.9 2.3 2.0 1.7 2.0

West South Central ........................................... 3.5 1.1 1.9 2.7 1.0 1.5 0.6

Midwest ................................................................. 1.6 1.1 1.9 2.0 0.9 2.0 0.3

East North Central ............................................. 1.1 1.4 2.7 2.6 1.1 2.6 0.3

West North Central ............................................ 4.2 1.9 1.6 3.0 1.7 2.7 0.5

West ...................................................................... 1.2 0.9 1.9 2.1 1.0 1.0 0.6

Mountain ............................................................ 2.2 1.4 3.2 2.8 1.6 1.5 0.6

Pacific ................................................................ 1.5 1.1 2.4 2.7 1.3 1.2 0.7

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Formerly referred to as Dependent care reimbursement account. 3 Formerly referred to as Healthcare reimbursement account. 4 Savings plans established by the employer on behalf of the employee, but with no employer contribution. These are cash or deferred arrangement

plans or individual retirement accounts used to fund savings and retirement plans authorized by section 401(k), 403(b), or 457 of the Internal Revenue Code.

The employees’ contributions can be pre- and post-tax. Employees may authorize a payroll deduction by the employer to fund the established plan. 5 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings

both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms,

see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 43. Health-related benefits: Access, civilian workers,1 March

2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Long-term

care

insurance2

Retiree healthcare

benefits3

Under age

65

Age 65 and

over

All workers ............................................................. 16 21 20

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 26 33 30

Management, business, and financial ............... 31 29 28

Professional and related .................................... 24 35 31

Teachers ........................................................ 26 57 51

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 22 59 52

Registered nurses ......................................... 27 31 –

Service ................................................................... 9 11 10

Protective service .............................................. 19 45 43

Sales and office ..................................................... 15 18 17

Sales and related ............................................... 10 9 8

Office and administrative support ...................... 19 24 23

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 11 16 16

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 6 14 15

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 16 18 17

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 12 19 18

Production ......................................................... 11 15 13

Transportation and material moving .................. 13 24 23

Full time ................................................................. 20 26 24

Part time ................................................................ 6 7 6

Union ..................................................................... 24 57 54

Nonunion ............................................................... 15 16 15

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 5 6 5

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 4 3 3

Second 25 percent ............................................ 14 18 16

Third 25 percent ................................................ 20 26 25

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 29 38 36

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 32 38 36

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 11 16 15

Service-providing industries .................................. 17 22 21

Education and health services ........................... 22 31 28

Educational services ...................................... 31 59 54

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 22 60 53

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 52 68 65

Health care and social assistance ................. 16 14 13

Hospitals .................................................... 31 30 –

Public administration ......................................... 29 72 70

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 43. Health-related benefits: Access, civilian workers,1 March

2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Long-term

care

insurance2

Retiree healthcare

benefits3

Under age

65

Age 65 and

over

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 8 9 8

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 7 7 7

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 12 15 14

100 workers or more .............................................. 25 35 32

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 17 20 19

500 workers or more .......................................... 34 50 47

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 17 24 24

New England ..................................................... 16 21 21

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 17 25 25

South ..................................................................... 17 23 21

South Atlantic .................................................... 18 20 18

East South Central ............................................ 16 27 24

West South Central ........................................... 16 25 23

Midwest ................................................................. 15 21 19

East North Central ............................................. 15 21 20

West North Central ............................................ 14 20 18

West ...................................................................... 16 17 16

Mountain ............................................................ 21 18 17

Pacific ................................................................ 15 17 15

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of

Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further

explanation. 2 A health plan that provides long-term (more than 1 year) custodial care, home care, or nursing

home care. The plan, although sponsored by the employer, may be fully paid for by the employee. 3 A health plan that provides coverage to a retiree beyond what is mandated by COBRA or other

health continuation laws. The plan, although sponsored by the employer, may be fully paid for by the

employee. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 43. Standard errors for health-related benefits: Access,

civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Long-term

care

insurance2

Retiree healthcare

benefits3

Under age

65

Age 65 and

over

All workers ............................................................. 0.5 0.5 0.5

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.9 1.1 1.1

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.4 1.5 1.4

Professional and related .................................... 1.0 1.5 1.4

Teachers ........................................................ 1.7 2.2 2.0

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.8 3.0 2.7

Registered nurses ......................................... 2.9 3.2 –

Service ................................................................... 0.9 0.5 0.7

Protective service .............................................. 2.1 3.1 3.3

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.6 0.6 0.6

Sales and related ............................................... 0.7 0.8 0.7

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.8 0.9 0.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 0.8 1.1 1.1

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.0 1.5 1.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.4 1.7 1.8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.2 1.2 1.1

Production ......................................................... 0.9 1.2 1.0

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.9 2.1 1.8

Full time ................................................................. 0.6 0.6 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 0.5 0.6 0.6

Union ..................................................................... 0.9 1.6 1.6

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.5 0.4 0.4

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.5 0.3 0.5

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 0.5 0.3 0.3

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.8 0.8 0.7

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.8 1.0 1.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.0 1.1 1.1

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.5 1.7 1.6

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.8 0.9 0.7

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.6 0.6 0.5

Education and health services ........................... 1.2 1.4 1.3

Educational services ...................................... 1.1 1.6 1.4

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.4 1.9 1.9

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.2 2.2 2.0

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.7 1.3 1.3

Hospitals .................................................... 2.6 3.4 –

Public administration ......................................... 1.6 1.5 1.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 43. Standard errors for health-related benefits: Access,

civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Long-term

care

insurance2

Retiree healthcare

benefits3

Under age

65

Age 65 and

over

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.7 0.5 0.5

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.8 0.5 0.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.4 1.0 1.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.8 0.9 0.8

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.9 0.8 0.8

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.4 1.3 1.2

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.3 0.9 1.0

New England ..................................................... 1.9 1.5 1.4

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.7 1.1 1.3

South ..................................................................... 0.9 0.8 0.7

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.4 0.9 0.9

East South Central ............................................ 1.1 3.0 1.7

West South Central ........................................... 1.1 1.6 1.4

Midwest ................................................................. 0.9 0.8 0.8

East North Central ............................................. 1.2 1.0 1.0

West North Central ............................................ 1.3 1.6 1.6

West ...................................................................... 1.2 1.2 1.1

Mountain ............................................................ 2.3 1.8 1.1

Pacific ................................................................ 1.3 1.5 1.5

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of

Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further

explanation. 2 A health plan that provides long-term (more than 1 year) custodial care, home care, or nursing

home care. The plan, although sponsored by the employer, may be fully paid for by the employee. 3 A health plan that provides coverage to a retiree beyond what is mandated by COBRA or other

health continuation laws. The plan, although sponsored by the employer, may be fully paid for by the

employee. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 44. Nonproduction bonuses: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

All

nonproduction

bonuses2

Cash

profit-sharing

bonus

Employee

recognition

bonus

End-of-year

bonus

Holiday

bonus

Payment in

lieu of

benefits

bonus

Longevity

bonus

Referral

bonus

Other

bonus3

All workers ............................................................. 40 6 3 10 5 6 2 5 10

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 46 5 5 13 3 9 3 7 13

Management, business, and financial ............... 59 8 7 19 4 7 2 10 17

Professional and related .................................... 41 4 4 10 2 10 3 6 11

Teachers ........................................................ 28 – 2 1 1 16 4 1 9

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 31 – 2 1 – 19 5 – 12

Registered nurses ......................................... 41 – 7 5 2 8 2 14 12

Service ................................................................... 26 2 2 6 5 5 2 4 5

Protective service .............................................. 38 1 6 3 2 16 7 3 9

Sales and office ..................................................... 43 10 3 9 6 5 2 5 9

Sales and related ............................................... 36 13 1 7 6 3 1 4 6

Office and administrative support ...................... 47 9 3 11 6 7 2 7 11

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 43 6 1 15 11 4 1 4 7

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 41 6 1 17 11 3 1 2 6

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 44 6 2 12 10 6 2 7 9

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 41 7 1 10 7 4 2 4 15

Production ......................................................... 47 9 1 14 9 3 2 5 15

Transportation and material moving .................. 36 5 1 7 5 4 1 4 15

Full time ................................................................. 46 7 3 12 6 7 2 6 12

Part time ................................................................ 22 5 1 5 3 2 1 3 4

Union ..................................................................... 40 4 3 2 1 22 5 1 14

Nonunion ............................................................... 40 6 3 11 6 4 2 6 9

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 27 5 1 6 5 2 1 4 4

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 18 3 1 4 4 5 () – 3 3

Second 25 percent ............................................ 40 6 2 11 7 4 2 6 10

Third 25 percent ................................................ 44 6 3 11 6 7 2 5 12

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 51 7 6 13 3 11 2 7 15

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 57 8 7 16 2 13 2 9 16

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 50 9 1 17 9 3 2 4 14

Service-providing industries .................................. 38 6 3 9 5 6 2 6 9

Education and health services ........................... 34 1 2 5 4 10 3 6 9

Educational services ...................................... 29 – 3 1 1 17 5 1 8

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 30 – 1 1 – 19 5 – 10

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 27 – 4 1 – 14 5 1 4

Health care and social assistance ................. 36 – 2 8 6 7 2 10 10

Hospitals .................................................... 38 1 7 4 3 7 3 10 11

Public administration ......................................... 45 – 6 2 1 24 10 – 12

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 44. Nonproduction bonuses: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

All

nonproduction

bonuses2

Cash

profit-sharing

bonus

Employee

recognition

bonus

End-of-year

bonus

Holiday

bonus

Payment in

lieu of

benefits

bonus

Longevity

bonus

Referral

bonus

Other

bonus3

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 36 3 2 13 8 4 2 4 6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 34 3 1 13 8 3 1 3 6

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 40 3 2 12 6 4 2 8 9

100 workers or more .............................................. 45 9 4 7 3 9 2 7 14

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 45 11 3 8 4 6 2 8 11

500 workers or more .......................................... 44 7 5 7 2 11 3 6 16

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 40 4 2 10 3 11 2 5 10

New England ..................................................... 43 4 1 11 6 9 3 7 9

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 39 5 3 10 3 11 1 4 11

South ..................................................................... 41 6 2 12 8 3 2 5 11

South Atlantic .................................................... 42 5 3 12 8 4 2 6 11

East South Central ............................................ 38 6 1 10 8 4 4 3 10

West South Central ........................................... 41 7 1 14 8 2 1 3 10

Midwest ................................................................. 40 8 3 8 4 5 2 8 12

East North Central ............................................. 41 8 3 8 4 5 2 8 12

West North Central ............................................ 39 7 3 8 4 3 3 9 11

West ...................................................................... 38 6 4 9 4 8 1 4 7

Mountain ............................................................ 39 8 3 11 6 2 1 5 9

Pacific ................................................................ 37 6 4 8 3 10 1 4 6

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for

further explanation. 2 The sum of the individual components may be greater than the total because some employees may have access to more than one type of nonproduction bonus. 3 Includes all other bonuses provided to employees and not published separately. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021. 5 Less than 0.5.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 44. Standard errors for nonproduction bonuses: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

All

nonproduction

bonuses

Cash

profit-sharing

bonus

Employee

recognition

bonus

End-of-year

bonus

Holiday

bonus

Payment in

lieu of

benefits

bonus

Longevity

bonus

Referral

bonus

Other

bonus2

All workers ............................................................. 0.9 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.4

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.2 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.8 0.7

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.6 0.7 0.8 1.2 0.7 0.5 0.2 1.0 1.2

Professional and related .................................... 1.3 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.7 0.2 1.0 0.8

Teachers ........................................................ 1.5 – 0.4 0.4 0.6 1.2 0.4 0.3 0.8

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.3 – 0.5 0.6 – 1.8 0.7 – 1.4

Registered nurses ......................................... 3.0 – 1.8 1.7 0.7 1.7 0.7 2.4 2.6

Service ................................................................... 1.8 0.7 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.8 0.7

Protective service .............................................. 2.6 0.3 1.4 1.2 0.8 1.4 1.2 0.9 1.3

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.4

Sales and related ............................................... 1.6 0.8 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.3 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.7 0.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.7 0.9 0.3 1.1 1.3 0.6 0.3 0.7 0.7

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.8 1.4 0.3 1.7 1.9 0.6 0.2 0.7 0.9

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.7 0.9 0.5 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.6 1.4 1.1

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 2.2 0.8 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.6 1.5

Production ......................................................... 2.1 1.3 0.5 1.2 1.1 0.8 0.5 1.0 1.7

Transportation and material moving .................. 3.0 0.8 0.3 1.1 0.9 0.6 0.3 0.7 2.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.9 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.4

Part time ................................................................ 1.5 0.4 0.1 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.5

Union ..................................................................... 1.9 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.2 1.3 0.5 0.3 1.1

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.9 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.4

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.5 0.4 0.1 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.5

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.5 0.6 0.1 0.9 1.0 0.2 – 1.0 0.7

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.0 0.5 0.2 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.7 0.9

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.3 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.6 0.8

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.3 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.6 0.6

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.4 0.9 0.8 1.2 0.3 0.9 0.4 1.0 1.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.1 1.0 0.5 0.8 1.1 0.6 0.3 0.7 1.0

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.4

Education and health services ........................... 1.2 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.4 1.2 0.9

Educational services ...................................... 1.1 – 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.4 0.2 0.6

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.6 – 0.3 0.4 – 1.4 0.7 – 1.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.0 – 0.5 0.6 – 1.2 1.3 0.1 0.7

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.8 – 0.5 1.2 1.3 0.9 0.5 1.8 1.3

Hospitals .................................................... 2.8 0.5 1.8 0.8 0.7 1.2 1.1 2.2 1.9

Public administration ......................................... 1.2 – 1.1 0.7 0.4 1.6 1.3 – 1.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 44. Standard errors for nonproduction bonuses: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

All

nonproduction

bonuses

Cash

profit-sharing

bonus

Employee

recognition

bonus

End-of-year

bonus

Holiday

bonus

Payment in

lieu of

benefits

bonus

Longevity

bonus

Referral

bonus

Other

bonus2

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.2 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.4

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.5 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.2 0.7 0.6 1.7 1.2 0.5 0.6 1.3 1.3

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.4 0.8 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.2 1.2 0.9

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.7 1.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.5 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.6 0.6

New England ..................................................... 4.8 0.7 0.5 2.9 1.1 0.6 0.4 2.0 1.3

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.2 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.4 1.1 0.1 0.4 0.6

South ..................................................................... 1.9 0.5 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.7

South Atlantic .................................................... 3.4 0.6 0.9 0.9 1.6 0.6 0.4 0.9 0.9

East South Central ............................................ 2.2 1.3 0.5 0.9 1.7 1.4 0.6 1.3 1.5

West South Central ........................................... 1.8 0.8 0.4 1.3 1.0 0.6 0.2 0.6 1.4

Midwest ................................................................. 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.2 1.4 0.8

East North Central ............................................. 0.8 1.2 0.5 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.3 1.8 1.1

West North Central ............................................ 2.0 1.3 0.9 0.9 1.2 0.5 0.5 1.9 1.0

West ...................................................................... 1.8 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.7

Mountain ............................................................ 2.4 1.0 0.7 2.0 1.3 0.5 0.3 1.2 1.3

Pacific ................................................................ 2.4 0.4 0.7 0.9 0.7 1.1 0.6 0.7 0.9

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for

further explanation. 2 Includes all other bonuses provided to employees and not published separately. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 45. Unmarried domestic partner benefits: Access1, civilian workers,2

March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Defined benefit

retirement survivor

benefits

Healthcare benefits

Same sex Opposite

sex Same sex Oppositesex

All workers ............................................................. 16 15 44 41

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 26 26 59 55

Management, business, and financial ............... 22 23 67 63

Professional and related .................................... 28 27 55 52

Teachers ........................................................ 47 46 48 44

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 53 52 51 48

Registered nurses ......................................... 24 23 58 55

Service ................................................................... 9 9 25 26

Protective service .............................................. 34 34 40 38

Sales and office ..................................................... 13 13 44 41

Sales and related ............................................... 6 6 33 30

Office and administrative support ...................... 18 17 51 48

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 11 10 39 35

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 11 10 37 35

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 12 10 40 35

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 11 10 41 38

Production ......................................................... 7 5 39 35

Transportation and material moving .................. 14 14 43 41

Full time ................................................................. 19 18 52 49

Part time ................................................................ 7 6 17 17

Union ..................................................................... 47 44 67 59

Nonunion ............................................................... 11 11 40 39

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 5 5 20 20

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 3 3 12 12

Second 25 percent ............................................ 11 11 43 41

Third 25 percent ................................................ 19 19 52 49

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 30 30 65 59

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 31 30 74 67

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 9 8 43 41

Service-providing industries .................................. 17 17 44 41

Education and health services ........................... 26 25 47 45

Educational services ...................................... 49 48 49 44

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 56 55 47 43

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 43 42 58 51

Health care and social assistance ................. 12 11 47 46

Hospitals .................................................... 24 23 59 55

Public administration ......................................... 55 56 51 47

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 45. Unmarried domestic partner benefits: Access1, civilian workers,2

March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Defined benefit

retirement survivor

benefits

Healthcare benefits

Same sex Opposite

sex Same sex Oppositesex

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 7 7 31 31

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 5 5 28 27

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 13 13 44 43

100 workers or more .............................................. 26 25 57 53

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 16 16 51 48

500 workers or more .......................................... 36 35 64 58

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 20 20 50 49

New England ..................................................... 12 12 48 46

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 23 22 51 50

South ..................................................................... 14 14 35 33

South Atlantic .................................................... 13 13 35 32

East South Central ............................................ 14 14 33 32

West South Central ........................................... 17 17 37 35

Midwest ................................................................. 12 11 36 31

East North Central ............................................. 12 10 37 31

West North Central ............................................ 13 12 33 31

West ...................................................................... 19 19 60 59

Mountain ............................................................ 16 17 53 50

Pacific ................................................................ 20 20 64 62

1 The percentage of workers with access to the benefit reflects both the availability of the benefit and the

employer’s policy on providing the benefit to unmarried domestic partners. For more information, see

www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/employer-sponsored-benefits-extended-to-domestic-partners.htm. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms"

at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 45. Standard errors for unmarried domestic partner benefits: Access1,

civilian workers,2 March 2021

Characteristics

Defined benefit

retirement survivor

benefits

Healthcare benefits

Same sex Opposite

sex Same sex Oppositesex

All workers ............................................................. 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.8

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.9 0.9 1.3 1.1

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.3

Professional and related .................................... 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.3

Teachers ........................................................ 2.1 2.2 2.0 2.0

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 3.1 3.1 2.6 2.6

Registered nurses ......................................... 4.3 4.3 3.1 3.1

Service ................................................................... 0.7 0.5 1.7 1.9

Protective service .............................................. 3.0 3.1 2.9 2.9

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.8

Sales and related ............................................... 0.7 0.7 1.5 1.3

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 0.9 0.9 1.6 1.5

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.4 1.3 2.2 2.1

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.2 1.3 2.0 1.8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.2

Production ......................................................... 0.8 0.8 1.7 1.4

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2

Full time ................................................................. 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.8

Part time ................................................................ 0.6 0.6 1.2 1.3

Union ..................................................................... 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.3

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.8

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.6 0.4 1.0 1.1

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 0.5 0.5 1.6 1.7

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.5 0.6 1.3 1.3

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.8 0.8 1.3 1.1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.2

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.7 0.7 1.3 1.3

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.9

Education and health services ........................... 1.1 1.1 1.7 1.6

Educational services ...................................... 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.3

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 2.4 2.3 1.9 1.6

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.1 2.0 2.4 2.5

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.3 1.2 2.6 2.5

Hospitals .................................................... 3.1 3.0 3.9 3.3

Public administration ......................................... 1.1 1.3 1.7 1.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 45. Standard errors for unmarried domestic partner benefits: Access1,

civilian workers,2 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Defined benefit

retirement survivor

benefits

Healthcare benefits

Same sex Opposite

sex Same sex Oppositesex

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.3 0.4 1.1 1.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.4 0.4 1.2 1.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.0 1.1 2.2 2.2

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.8 0.7 1.0 1.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.0 0.9 1.4 1.5

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3

New England ..................................................... 2.0 2.0 3.3 3.8

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.3

South ..................................................................... 0.7 0.6 1.6 1.5

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.7 0.6 2.3 2.0

East South Central ............................................ 1.4 1.3 3.0 2.9

West South Central ........................................... 1.7 1.6 3.1 3.1

Midwest ................................................................. 0.7 0.7 1.4 1.4

East North Central ............................................. 0.8 0.8 1.7 1.8

West North Central ............................................ 1.3 1.4 2.4 2.2

West ...................................................................... 0.7 0.8 2.3 1.8

Mountain ............................................................ 1.4 1.4 2.9 2.6

Pacific ................................................................ 0.9 1.0 3.2 2.5

1 The percentage of workers with access to the benefit reflects both the availability of the benefit and the

employer’s policy on providing the benefit to unmarried domestic partners. For more information, see

www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/employer-sponsored-benefits-extended-to-domestic-partners.htm. 2 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National

Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms"

at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 46. Medical care benefit combinations: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Medical care and retirement benefits Medical care and life insurance benefits

Medical

care and

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Retirement

benefits

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and

life

insurance

benefits

Medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

Life

insurance

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

All workers ............................................................. 64 9 7 20 58 14 2 26

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 84 6 4 7 78 11 1 9

Management, business, and financial ............... 88 7 2 3 85 10 1 4

Professional and related .................................... 82 5 5 9 75 11 2 12

Teachers ........................................................ 85 – – 9 77 11 1 12

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 95 – – 2 84 13 – –

Registered nurses ......................................... 84 4 4 7 83 – – 9

Service ................................................................... 37 12 9 42 32 17 2 50

Protective service .............................................. 75 6 5 14 67 14 1 17

Sales and office ..................................................... 62 8 13 18 54 15 2 29

Sales and related ............................................... 47 7 24 22 38 16 3 44

Office and administrative support ...................... 71 8 6 15 64 14 2 19

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 63 13 4 19 56 21 1 22

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 58 17 5 20 50 25 1 24

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 69 10 3 18 64 – – 20

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 68 9 5 18 63 14 1 22

Production ......................................................... 71 9 3 17 70 11 2 18

Transportation and material moving .................. 64 10 7 19 57 16 1 25

Full time ................................................................. 78 10 3 9 73 15 1 11

Part time ................................................................ 18 5 24 53 11 12 3 73

Union ..................................................................... 92 3 3 2 84 11 1 4

Nonunion ............................................................... 60 9 8 22 54 15 2 29

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 30 11 15 44 25 16 2 57

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 17 10 17 56 14 14 1 71

Second 25 percent ............................................ 65 10 7 18 58 17 2 24

Third 25 percent ................................................ 79 9 4 8 73 15 1 11

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 89 5 2 4 84 10 1 5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 91 4 2 3 88 8 1 4

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 73 11 3 12 69 16 1 14

Service-providing industries .................................. 63 8 8 21 57 14 2 28

Education and health services ........................... 74 6 6 14 66 14 2 17

Educational services ...................................... 84 2 4 9 77 9 1 12

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 87 1 4 7 78 11 1 10

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 88 2 2 8 85 5 1 9

Health care and social assistance ................. 68 9 6 17 60 17 3 20

Hospitals .................................................... 89 – – 6 87 4 1 7

Public administration ......................................... 90 1 2 8 85 6 1 9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Medical care benefit combinations: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Medical care benefits and defined benefit

retirement

Medical care benefits and defined contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Defined

benefit

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

Defined

contribution

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

All workers ............................................................. 24 49 1 26 54 18 7 20

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 37 52 1 10 70 19 3 8

Management, business, and financial ............... 32 63 2 ( ) 5 81 14 2 3

Professional and related .................................... 40 47 2 12 65 22 4 10

Teachers ........................................................ 71 17 2 10 42 46 2 10

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 85 13 – – 38 60 – –

Registered nurses ......................................... 39 49 – – 76 13 4 8

Service ................................................................... 14 35 1 50 28 21 9 43

Protective service .............................................. 56 25 2 17 41 41 3 15

Sales and office ..................................................... 18 51 1 29 55 14 13 18

Sales and related ............................................... 8 46 2 44 46 8 24 22

Office and administrative support ...................... 25 54 1 20 62 17 6 15

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 24 53 2 ( ) 23 53 24 4 20

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 26 49 1 24 45 30 4 21

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 22 57 – – 62 17 3 19

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 21 56 1 22 60 17 5 18

Production ......................................................... – 63 – 19 68 13 3 17

Transportation and material moving .................. 24 50 1 25 53 21 7 20

Full time ................................................................. 30 58 2 ( ) 12 67 21 2 10

Part time ................................................................ 7 17 3 74 14 9 22 54

Union ..................................................................... 78 18 2 3 48 48 1 4

Nonunion ............................................................... 16 53 1 30 55 14 8 23

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 6 34 1 58 26 15 15 44

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 3 24 1 72 15 13 16 56

Second 25 percent ............................................ 19 56 1 24 58 17 6 19

Third 25 percent ................................................ 30 58 1 12 66 21 4 9

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 45 49 1 5 73 21 2 4

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 43 52 1 4 79 16 2 3

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 21 64 2 ( ) 15 69 15 3 12

Service-providing industries .................................. 25 46 1 28 52 19 8 22

Education and health services ........................... 37 43 2 18 55 26 4 15

Educational services ...................................... 71 16 3 11 41 45 2 11

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 82 6 3 8 30 58 2 10

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 60 30 2 8 66 23 1 9

Health care and social assistance ................. – 59 – 22 62 14 6 18

Hospitals .................................................... 41 50 1 8 80 11 2 7

Public administration ......................................... 86 5 1 8 37 53 1 9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Medical care benefit combinations: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Medical care and retirement benefits Medical care and life insurance benefits

Medical

care and

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Retirement

benefits

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and

life

insurance

benefits

Medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

Life

insurance

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 48 11 10 31 42 18 2 39

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 43 11 10 36 36 18 2 44

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 64 13 9 14 60 17 1 22

100 workers or more .............................................. 82 5 5 8 76 11 1 11

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 75 9 6 10 70 14 1 15

500 workers or more .......................................... 89 2 3 6 83 8 1 8

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 62 9 8 20 56 16 2 27

New England ..................................................... 65 8 9 18 60 – – 26

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 61 9 8 21 54 17 2 27

South ..................................................................... 63 9 7 20 57 15 2 26

South Atlantic .................................................... 66 7 7 20 59 14 2 25

East South Central ............................................ 61 10 9 20 57 14 2 27

West South Central ........................................... 60 12 6 22 56 16 1 27

Midwest ................................................................. 66 7 8 19 61 11 2 26

East North Central ............................................. 66 7 9 19 61 11 2 26

West North Central ............................................ 66 7 7 20 61 11 1 26

West ...................................................................... 65 10 6 19 59 16 1 24

Mountain ............................................................ 68 6 7 18 63 12 1 25

Pacific ................................................................ 64 11 6 19 57 18 1 24

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Medical care benefit combinations: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Medical care benefits and defined benefit

retirement

Medical care benefits and defined contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Defined

benefit

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

Defined

contribution

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 11 49 1 40 43 16 10 31

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 8 46 1 45 40 14 10 36

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 20 57 1 22 54 23 9 14

100 workers or more .............................................. 39 48 1 11 67 21 4 9

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 24 60 2 14 64 20 6 10

500 workers or more .......................................... 54 36 1 8 70 21 2 7

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 27 44 2 27 51 20 7 21

New England ..................................................... – 51 – 26 55 18 9 18

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 29 42 2 27 50 20 7 23

South ..................................................................... 23 49 1 27 55 17 7 21

South Atlantic .................................................... 22 50 1 27 61 12 7 20

East South Central ............................................ – 46 – 28 52 20 8 20

West South Central ........................................... 22 50 1 28 47 25 6 22

Midwest ................................................................. 25 48 1 26 56 16 8 20

East North Central ............................................. 26 47 1 26 57 15 8 19

West North Central ............................................ 24 49 1 26 54 19 6 21

West ...................................................................... 23 52 1 24 54 21 6 19

Mountain ............................................................ – 52 – 24 57 17 6 20

Pacific ................................................................ 23 52 1 24 53 22 6 19

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Less than 0.5. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of

major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 46. Standard errors for medical care benefit combinations: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Medical care and retirement benefits Medical care and life insurance benefits

Medical

care and

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Retirement

benefits

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and

life

insurance

benefits

Medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

Life

insurance

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

All workers ............................................................. 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.7

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.7 0.3 0.6

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.0 0.9 0.4 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.1 0.7

Professional and related .................................... 1.2 0.7 0.6 0.7 1.4 0.9 0.5 0.8

Teachers ........................................................ 1.7 – – 1.0 1.8 1.7 0.1 1.0

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.1 – – 0.6 2.3 2.3 – –

Registered nurses ......................................... 2.3 1.8 1.5 1.2 1.9 – – 1.1

Service ................................................................... 1.5 1.4 1.1 1.9 1.5 1.6 0.4 1.8

Protective service .............................................. 2.7 2.1 1.1 2.2 3.8 2.6 0.6 2.2

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.0 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.2 0.7 0.3 1.0

Sales and related ............................................... 1.5 0.9 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.0 0.5 1.6

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.2 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.3 0.9 0.4 0.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.9 1.6 0.7 1.4 1.5 1.3 0.3 1.4

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.0 2.5 1.3 2.0 2.0 2.1 0.3 2.2

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.2 1.4 0.5 2.0 2.1 – – 1.7

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.9 0.9 0.7 1.2 1.7 0.9 0.3 1.6

Production ......................................................... 2.3 1.0 0.5 1.9 2.0 1.1 0.5 2.0

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.7 1.2 1.2 1.7 2.7 1.2 0.3 2.3

Full time ................................................................. 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.6

Part time ................................................................ 0.7 0.8 1.3 1.6 1.0 1.1 0.6 1.3

Union ..................................................................... 1.0 0.9 0.3 0.4 1.8 1.8 0.2 0.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.8

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.3 1.2

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.3 1.4 1.7 2.4 1.2 1.4 0.4 1.8

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 0.8 0.7 1.0 1.8 1.3 0.2 1.3

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.7 1.1 0.8 0.3 0.8

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.5 1.1 0.8 0.4 0.6

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.5 1.1 0.6 0.9 1.2 0.9 0.3 1.1

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.2 0.8

Education and health services ........................... 1.8 1.0 0.8 1.4 1.8 1.3 0.6 1.5

Educational services ...................................... 0.9 0.3 0.5 0.7 1.3 0.8 0.2 0.8

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.9 0.3 0.7 0.6 1.5 1.1 0.2 0.8

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.2 0.5 0.6 0.9 1.3 0.7 0.4 1.0

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.7 1.7 1.2 2.1 2.7 2.0 0.9 2.3

Hospitals .................................................... 1.8 – – 1.2 1.8 1.2 0.5 1.2

Public administration ......................................... 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.7 1.0 1.1 0.3 0.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Standard errors for medical care benefit combinations: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Medical care benefits and defined benefit

retirement

Medical care benefits and defined contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Defined

benefit

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

Defined

contribution

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

All workers ............................................................. 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.9 1.1 0.3 0.6 1.1 0.9 0.4 0.6

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.3 1.4 0.1 0.7 1.1 1.0 0.4 0.7

Professional and related .................................... 1.2 1.5 0.4 0.8 1.4 1.2 0.5 0.8

Teachers ........................................................ 2.3 2.5 0.4 1.1 2.0 2.0 0.6 1.0

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 3.4 3.6 – – 2.7 2.6 – –

Registered nurses ......................................... 3.4 4.0 – – 2.3 2.2 1.5 1.3

Service ................................................................... 0.6 1.8 0.3 1.7 1.4 1.6 1.1 1.9

Protective service .............................................. 3.9 3.4 0.6 2.4 2.9 3.6 1.0 2.1

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.7 1.0 0.3 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.8

Sales and related ............................................... 0.7 1.6 0.3 1.7 1.5 0.9 1.4 1.5

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.9 1.2 0.3 0.9 1.2 0.8 0.7 0.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.4 1.9 0.1 1.4 1.9 1.8 0.7 1.4

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.3 2.7 0.2 2.2 2.8 2.7 1.3 1.9

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.5 1.9 – – 2.3 1.6 0.5 2.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.0 1.6 0.2 1.5 2.0 1.1 0.7 1.2

Production ......................................................... – 1.9 – 2.1 2.5 1.1 0.5 1.9

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.8 2.0 0.3 2.3 2.4 1.8 1.1 1.7

Full time ................................................................. 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.2 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 0.5 0.9 0.3 1.1 0.6 1.1 1.3 1.6

Union ..................................................................... 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.4 1.7 1.7 0.3 0.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.4 0.8 0.2 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.7

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.4 1.0 0.2 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.4

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 0.3 1.7 0.2 1.8 1.3 1.5 1.7 2.4

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.7 1.4 0.4 1.2 1.5 0.9 0.6 1.1

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.9 1.1 0.3 0.8 1.1 1.0 0.6 0.7

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.2 1.2 0.1 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.7 1.7 0.2 0.7 1.4 1.3 0.5 0.6

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.1 1.6 0.1 1.1 1.6 1.2 0.6 0.8

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.4 0.7

Education and health services ........................... 1.0 1.6 0.5 1.3 1.9 1.5 0.6 1.4

Educational services ...................................... 1.2 0.8 0.3 0.8 1.1 1.2 0.5 0.8

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.2 0.8 0.5 0.6 1.1 1.2 0.5 0.8

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.6 1.3 0.6 0.9 2.0 1.8 0.5 0.9

Health care and social assistance ................. – 2.6 – 2.0 2.9 2.1 1.0 2.2

Hospitals .................................................... 4.1 3.7 0.3 1.4 2.2 2.3 0.4 1.1

Public administration ......................................... 1.1 0.9 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.2 0.3 0.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Standard errors for medical care benefit combinations: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Medical care and retirement benefits Medical care and life insurance benefits

Medical

care and

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Retirement

benefits

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and

life

insurance

benefits

Medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

Life

insurance

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.0 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.3 1.1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.2 0.9 0.8 1.2 1.3 1.0 0.4 1.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.5 1.8 1.2 1.6 2.1 1.7 0.3 1.9

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.8 0.2 0.7

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.4 1.0 0.5 1.0 1.3 0.8 0.2 1.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.1 0.4 0.6 0.6 1.5 1.1 0.5 0.9

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.7 1.0 0.9 1.2 2.3 1.9 0.5 1.4

New England ..................................................... 3.8 1.9 1.1 2.5 3.3 – – 3.7

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.8 1.1 1.3 1.5 2.8 2.5 0.6 1.3

South ..................................................................... 1.2 0.8 0.6 1.2 1.2 0.6 0.4 1.3

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.5 0.6 0.7 1.9 1.5 0.9 0.6 1.7

East South Central ............................................ 1.7 3.1 1.8 1.3 3.3 1.4 0.9 3.3

West South Central ........................................... 2.9 1.5 1.2 1.8 2.5 1.1 0.3 2.4

Midwest ................................................................. 1.8 1.3 0.6 1.1 1.4 1.4 0.2 1.2

East North Central ............................................. 2.4 1.8 0.8 1.2 1.7 1.4 0.3 1.2

West North Central ............................................ 2.4 1.5 0.7 2.5 2.6 3.2 0.2 2.8

West ...................................................................... 1.3 1.0 0.9 0.8 1.6 1.0 0.2 1.2

Mountain ............................................................ 2.8 2.1 1.5 1.6 3.2 2.2 0.3 2.1

Pacific ................................................................ 1.4 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.8 1.2 0.2 1.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Standard errors for medical care benefit combinations: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Medical care benefits and defined benefit

retirement

Medical care benefits and defined contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Defined

benefit

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

Defined

contribution

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.5 1.0 0.2 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.6 1.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.5 1.2 0.2 1.1 1.2 0.9 0.7 1.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.3 2.1 0.2 1.9 2.4 1.8 1.1 1.6

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.6 0.9 0.3 0.6 1.0 0.7 0.4 0.5

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.9 1.3 0.2 1.0 1.4 1.1 0.5 1.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.0 1.3 0.5 0.8 1.4 1.0 0.5 0.6

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.9 1.8 0.6 1.3 1.8 1.2 0.8 1.2

New England ..................................................... – 4.2 – 3.6 3.4 2.0 1.1 2.5

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.0 1.8 0.7 1.2 2.1 1.7 1.2 1.6

South ..................................................................... 0.8 1.1 0.1 1.1 1.3 0.9 0.6 1.2

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.1 1.4 0.1 1.4 1.6 0.7 0.7 1.9

East South Central ............................................ – 3.4 – 2.9 2.3 3.8 2.0 1.3

West South Central ........................................... 1.6 2.0 0.2 2.3 2.9 2.0 1.2 1.8

Midwest ................................................................. 0.6 1.3 0.3 1.1 1.9 1.6 0.6 1.1

East North Central ............................................. 0.5 1.3 0.3 1.1 2.7 2.0 0.9 1.1

West North Central ............................................ 1.6 3.0 0.5 2.6 2.0 2.2 0.6 2.6

West ...................................................................... 0.9 1.2 0.4 1.2 1.3 1.3 0.8 0.9

Mountain ............................................................ – 3.2 – 1.6 3.1 2.3 0.9 2.0

Pacific ................................................................ 1.0 1.0 0.1 1.6 1.3 1.6 1.0 1.0

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 47. Paid leave combinations: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Personal

leave and

vacation

Personal

leave and

sick leave

Sick leave

and

vacation

Vacation

and

holidays

Personal

leave, sick

leave, or

paid family

leave2

Personal

leave, sick

leave, paid

family

leave, or

vacation2

Personal

leave,

vacation, or

holidays2

All workers ............................................................. 43 46 69 73 81 87 86

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 55 64 78 78 94 95 93

Management, business, and financial ............... 66 66 94 96 97 98 98

Professional and related .................................... 49 63 71 70 93 94 90

Teachers ........................................................ 13 63 22 18 92 92 80

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 13 78 19 14 99 99 87

Registered nurses ......................................... 69 71 88 88 95 96 95

Service ................................................................... 26 26 51 52 64 72 69

Protective service .............................................. 43 43 80 82 89 91 89

Sales and office ..................................................... 48 47 73 77 82 88 88

Sales and related ............................................... 40 38 59 64 72 81 83

Office and administrative support ...................... 53 52 82 85 89 93 92

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 39 37 70 81 78 91 91

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 32 31 61 71 72 86 86

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 47 45 81 93 84 96 97

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 41 39 68 81 78 90 92

Production ......................................................... 43 38 70 88 79 94 95

Transportation and material moving .................. 40 40 67 74 78 87 88

Full time ................................................................. 52 55 81 85 90 96 95

Part time ................................................................ 16 17 30 32 52 59 57

Union ..................................................................... 46 60 70 71 94 97 92

Nonunion ............................................................... 43 44 69 73 79 86 85

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 23 23 42 49 57 68 68

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 13 13 28 34 37 51 56

Second 25 percent ............................................ 46 46 76 80 86 92 91

Third 25 percent ................................................ 53 55 84 87 92 97 95

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 55 64 80 80 96 97 95

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 57 64 82 82 97 98 93

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 43 39 73 87 81 94 94

Service-providing industries .................................. 44 47 68 70 81 86 85

Education and health services ........................... 44 58 67 66 89 91 89

Educational services ...................................... 24 61 41 37 93 93 84

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 18 72 27 22 94 94 84

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 37 44 69 69 93 94 88

Health care and social assistance ................. 56 56 82 82 87 90 92

Hospitals .................................................... 69 69 92 92 96 96 95

Public administration ......................................... 53 54 91 91 93 93 93

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 47. Paid leave combinations: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Personal

leave and

vacation

Personal

leave and

sick leave

Sick leave

and

vacation

Vacation

and

holidays

Personal

leave, sick

leave, or

paid family

leave2

Personal

leave, sick

leave, paid

family

leave, or

vacation2

Personal

leave,

vacation, or

holidays2

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 34 35 61 65 73 81 80

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 32 32 59 65 71 80 79

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 40 45 65 67 81 87 86

100 workers or more .............................................. 54 58 78 81 90 94 93

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 53 55 76 80 87 92 92

500 workers or more .......................................... 55 61 80 82 94 96 93

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 48 52 68 70 84 88 85

New England ..................................................... 46 50 69 70 88 91 85

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 49 52 68 70 83 87 84

South ..................................................................... 42 44 67 74 77 85 87

South Atlantic .................................................... 41 43 69 75 78 85 87

East South Central ............................................ 43 45 65 77 74 87 90

West South Central ........................................... 43 46 65 71 77 85 86

Midwest ................................................................. 46 49 67 72 76 84 86

East North Central ............................................. 47 49 67 73 77 84 86

West North Central ............................................ 43 47 66 70 75 84 85

West ...................................................................... 39 41 75 74 91 94 86

Mountain ............................................................ 48 51 72 74 80 85 88

Pacific ................................................................ 35 37 76 75 95 97 86

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Includes workers with access to one or more of these leave benefits. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 47. Standard errors for paid leave combinations: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021

Characteristics

Personal

leave and

vacation

Personal

leave and

sick leave

Sick leave

and

vacation

Vacation

and

holidays

Personal

leave, sick

leave, or

paid family

leave2

Personal

leave, sick

leave, paid

family

leave, or

vacation2

Personal

leave,

vacation, or

holidays2

All workers ............................................................. 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.2 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

Professional and related .................................... 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.1 0.6 0.5 0.5

Teachers ........................................................ 2.6 1.8 2.8 2.7 0.9 0.9 1.2

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 3.4 2.1 3.8 3.8 0.5 0.5 1.2

Registered nurses ......................................... 3.3 3.1 1.8 1.7 0.8 0.7 0.8

Service ................................................................... 1.6 1.6 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.7 2.1

Protective service .............................................. 3.3 3.3 3.1 2.8 2.5 1.7 1.6

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7

Sales and related ............................................... 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 2.1 1.7 1.7

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.3 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.0 1.9 2.0 1.6 2.1 1.2 1.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.8 2.7 3.3 2.7 3.4 2.1 1.8

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.9 2.8 1.6 1.0 1.7 0.7 0.7

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.0 1.0

Production ......................................................... 2.4 3.0 2.2 1.4 1.5 1.0 0.9

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.0 2.3 1.7 1.5

Full time ................................................................. 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4

Part time ................................................................ 0.9 1.0 1.5 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.8

Union ..................................................................... 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.3 0.9 0.5 0.9

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.7

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.9 1.0 1.5 1.2 1.6 1.5 1.7

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.0 1.0 1.7 1.4 1.9 2.1 2.4

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.9

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.6

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.8 1.6 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.6

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.6 2.0 1.6 1.0 1.4 0.7 0.6

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.8

Education and health services ........................... 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.1 0.8

Educational services ...................................... 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.8

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.1 0.9 1.3 1.1 0.6 0.6 0.9

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.1 2.2 1.5 1.5 1.0 0.9 0.9

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.3 1.7 1.2

Hospitals .................................................... 3.3 3.4 1.3 1.3 0.7 0.8 1.0

Public administration ......................................... 2.3 2.2 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 47. Standard errors for paid leave combinations: Access, civilian workers,1 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Personal

leave and

vacation

Personal

leave and

sick leave

Sick leave

and

vacation

Vacation

and

holidays

Personal

leave, sick

leave, or

paid family

leave2

Personal

leave, sick

leave, paid

family

leave, or

vacation2

Personal

leave,

vacation, or

holidays2

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.3 1.2

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.3 1.3 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.6

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.6 1.1 0.8 1.8

New England ..................................................... 2.2 2.0 2.3 2.8 1.8 1.5 2.4

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.9 1.3 1.0 2.2

South ..................................................................... 1.1 1.1 1.6 1.1 1.6 1.1 1.2

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.2 1.4 2.3 1.5 2.2 1.8 2.0

East South Central ............................................ 2.6 2.5 1.8 2.2 1.7 1.3 0.5

West South Central ........................................... 2.5 2.4 3.0 2.4 3.2 1.5 1.4

Midwest ................................................................. 1.9 1.9 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4

East North Central ............................................. 2.5 2.5 1.9 1.3 1.6 1.1 1.4

West North Central ............................................ 2.6 2.6 2.3 2.6 2.4 3.5 3.1

West ...................................................................... 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1

Mountain ............................................................ 1.8 1.7 3.9 3.0 3.9 3.2 2.5

Pacific ................................................................ 1.6 1.8 1.2 1.4 0.6 0.4 1.3

1 Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods:National Compensation Measures at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation. 2 Includes workers with access to one or more of these leave benefits. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 1. Private industry establishments offering employer-sponsored benefits, 

March 2021

(All establishments = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Retirement benefits

Healthcare

benefits All plans1 Defined

benefit

Defined

contribution

All establishments .................................................. 54 9 50 60

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 42 7 40 49

Construction ...................................................... 38 8 36 43

Manufacturing .................................................... 49 7 48 62

Service-providing industries .................................. 56 10 52 62

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 60 7 59 67

Wholesale trade ............................................. 77 – 77 88

Retail trade .................................................... 50 6 50 55

Transportation and warehousing ................... 61 – 61 75

Utilities ........................................................... 89 65 89 100

Information ......................................................... 63 – 63 68

Financial activities ............................................. 69 21 68 71

Finance and insurance .................................. 78 28 77 79

Credit intermediation and related activities 88 39 88 98

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 59 11 56 53

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 49 – 49 55

Professional and business services .................. 52 2 52 60

Professional and technical services .............. 59 2 59 70

Administrative and waste services ................ 33 1 33 37

Education and health services ........................... 71 – 56 68

Educational services ...................................... 57 – 54 62

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 91 – 91 91

Health care and social assistance ................. 72 – 56 68

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 28 – 28 43

Accommodation and food services ................ 28 – 28 42

Other services ................................................... 34 – 29 44

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 53 9 49 59

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 52 9 48 58

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 79 10 77 87

100 workers or more .............................................. 91 20 89 96

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 89 18 87 96

500 workers or more .......................................... 95 – 95 97

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. Private industry establishments offering employer-sponsored benefits, 

March 2021—continued

(All establishments = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Retirement benefits

Healthcare

benefits All plans1 Defined

benefit

Defined

contribution

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 43 7 42 54

New England ..................................................... 49 3 49 61

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 41 9 40 52

South ..................................................................... 54 – 48 61

South Atlantic .................................................... 63 – 53 67

East South Central ............................................ 44 6 43 52

West South Central ........................................... 43 – 41 55

Midwest ................................................................. 58 9 58 60

East North Central ............................................. 57 7 56 57

West North Central ............................................ 60 – 60 65

West ...................................................................... 61 – 56 64

Mountain ............................................................ 57 – 41 50

Pacific ................................................................ 63 5 – 69

1 Includes defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution retirement plans. The total is less than the sum of the

individual items because some employers offered both types of plans.

Note: Dash indicates no establishments in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 1. Standard errors for private industry establishments offering

employer-sponsored benefits, March 2021

Characteristics

Retirement benefits

Healthcare

benefits All plans1 Defined

benefit

Defined

contribution

All establishments .................................................. 2.7 2.1 2.9 2.6

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 3.2 1.0 3.2 3.5

Construction ...................................................... 3.8 1.4 3.7 3.2

Manufacturing .................................................... 5.0 1.5 4.9 6.0

Service-providing industries .................................. 3.0 2.4 3.3 2.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 3.0 1.0 3.0 2.9

Wholesale trade ............................................. 5.4 – 5.4 2.6

Retail trade .................................................... 3.5 1.4 3.5 3.5

Transportation and warehousing ................... 7.6 – 7.6 8.3

Utilities ........................................................... 8.5 14.0 8.5 0.0

Information ......................................................... 8.5 – 8.5 8.2

Financial activities ............................................. 3.5 2.0 3.4 3.3

Finance and insurance .................................. 3.0 2.4 3.0 3.4

Credit intermediation and related activities 5.5 6.0 5.5 1.5

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 8.0 2.6 7.7 7.9

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 7.0 – 7.0 7.3

Professional and business services .................. 5.5 0.4 5.6 7.2

Professional and technical services .............. 7.9 0.5 7.9 8.7

Administrative and waste services ................ 6.1 0.1 6.1 6.2

Education and health services ........................... 7.5 – 10.7 8.4

Educational services ...................................... 9.6 – 8.4 9.1

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 9.8 – 9.8 9.8

Health care and social assistance ................. 7.8 – 11.2 8.9

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 4.1 – 4.1 5.6

Accommodation and food services ................ 4.7 – 4.8 6.2

Other services ................................................... 6.5 – 6.3 5.8

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.8 2.2 3.0 2.7

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.9 2.3 3.1 2.8

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.8 1.2 2.8 3.8

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.4 2.1 1.5 0.8

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.5 1.3 1.5 0.8

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.6 – 2.8 2.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. Standard errors for private industry establishments offering

employer-sponsored benefits, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Retirement benefits

Healthcare

benefits All plans1 Defined

benefit

Defined

contribution

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 5.5 0.9 5.5 6.4

New England ..................................................... 12.5 0.5 12.5 6.3

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 6.0 1.3 5.9 8.5

South ..................................................................... 4.0 – 4.8 4.0

South Atlantic .................................................... 4.3 – 7.7 4.6

East South Central ............................................ 10.5 1.0 10.7 9.5

West South Central ........................................... 7.9 – 8.4 7.8

Midwest ................................................................. 3.5 1.8 3.5 2.6

East North Central ............................................. 5.1 0.7 5.2 2.9

West North Central ............................................ 4.2 – 4.1 5.1

West ...................................................................... 6.3 – 6.8 6.2

Mountain ............................................................ 9.8 – 9.6 10.0

Pacific ................................................................ 7.8 1.2 – 6.3

1 Includes defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution retirement plans.

Note: Dash indicates no establishments in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 2. Retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

All retirement benefits2 Defined benefit Defined contribution

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 68 51 75 15 11 74 65 47 73

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 86 72 84 22 16 72 84 69 83

Management, business, and financial ............... 88 79 90 24 18 74 88 77 88

Professional and related .................................... 84 68 81 20 14 70 81 65 80

Service ................................................................... 40 24 59 5 5 85 37 20 55

Protective service .............................................. 60 44 74 7 5 70 59 42 71

Sales and office ..................................................... 73 51 70 14 8 59 71 49 68

Sales and related ............................................... 71 42 60 9 4 48 70 41 59

Office and administrative support ...................... 75 58 77 17 11 63 72 54 75

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 65 50 77 19 18 94 58 42 73

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 61 47 78 21 21 98 51 36 72

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 70 53 77 17 15 89 66 48 73

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 72 55 76 19 15 78 66 48 73

Production ......................................................... 74 58 79 17 13 77 71 55 77

Transportation and material moving .................. 70 52 74 20 16 79 62 43 69

Full time ................................................................. 78 62 80 18 14 74 74 57 77

Part time ................................................................ 41 21 50 7 5 67 38 18 47

Union ..................................................................... 93 84 91 64 56 87 61 53 87

Nonunion ............................................................... 66 49 73 11 8 67 66 47 72

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 44 23 53 4 2 65 42 22 52

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 32 14 45 2 1 63 31 14 44

Second 25 percent ............................................ 68 48 71 13 9 68 64 44 68

Third 25 percent ................................................ 79 63 79 18 13 76 75 58 77

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 90 79 88 30 23 76 85 73 86

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 92 83 91 31 22 73 90 80 89

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 76 62 81 20 16 81 73 57 79

Construction ...................................................... 62 46 75 15 15 99 54 38 70

Manufacturing .................................................... 84 70 84 23 17 75 83 68 82

Service-providing industries .................................. 67 49 74 15 10 71 64 45 71

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 76 51 67 16 11 72 71 45 64

Wholesale trade ............................................. 83 67 81 7 5 80 82 65 79

Retail trade .................................................... 72 39 54 10 6 54 68 35 52

Transportation and warehousing ................... 79 63 80 31 25 81 66 49 74

Utilities ........................................................... 92 90 97 71 66 92 91 79 86

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

All retirement benefits2 Defined benefit Defined contribution

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

Information ......................................................... 77 69 90 20 17 86 76 67 88

Financial activities ............................................. 85 77 90 37 24 64 85 74 88

Finance and insurance .................................. 92 86 93 46 29 64 92 83 90

Credit intermediation and related activities 94 87 93 50 28 55 93 84 90

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 91 83 92 41 33 80 90 80 89

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 63 48 77 9 7 77 62 47 75

Professional and business services .................. 67 55 81 13 8 65 66 52 80

Professional and technical services .............. 86 72 83 15 9 64 85 70 82

Administrative and waste services ................ 38 25 66 5 4 78 35 22 63

Education and health services ........................... 73 54 74 15 12 78 69 49 71

Educational services ...................................... 74 62 83 17 13 77 68 56 82

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 87 78 90 20 14 69 83 76 91

Health care and social assistance ................. 73 53 73 14 11 79 69 48 70

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 30 13 43 1 1 90 29 12 40

Accommodation and food services ................ 30 12 40 1 1 89 29 11 37

Other services ................................................... 45 34 75 5 4 76 44 32 74

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 56 39 69 7 5 76 54 36 67

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 52 35 68 6 4 76 51 33 66

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 70 51 72 10 7 75 68 48 71

100 workers or more .............................................. 85 68 80 27 20 73 79 62 78

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 80 60 75 16 12 77 76 55 72

500 workers or more .......................................... 91 79 87 42 30 71 85 71 84

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 67 54 81 19 15 78 63 49 78

New England ..................................................... 73 56 78 15 11 74 70 53 76

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 65 53 82 21 17 79 60 47 79

South ..................................................................... 67 47 70 12 9 72 65 44 68

South Atlantic .................................................... 71 51 71 13 10 73 69 48 69

East South Central ............................................ 65 43 66 15 10 68 64 41 64

West South Central ........................................... 61 42 69 10 7 71 59 40 68

Midwest ................................................................. 71 56 78 18 13 74 67 51 76

East North Central ............................................. 72 57 78 19 14 75 68 52 76

West North Central ............................................ 69 53 77 15 11 72 66 49 75

West ...................................................................... 69 52 75 14 10 71 65 47 73

Mountain ............................................................ 73 52 72 15 10 68 68 47 69

Pacific ................................................................ 67 52 77 14 10 73 63 48 75

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Includes defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution retirement plans. Workers are considered as having access or as participating if they are in at least one of these plans. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 2. Standard errors for retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 private industry workers, March

2021

Characteristics

All retirement benefits2 Defined benefit Defined contribution

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.5 1.5 0.9 0.9 0.8

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 2.2 1.2 1.2 1.0

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.2 1.2 0.6 1.3 1.2 2.9 1.2 1.2 0.7

Professional and related .................................... 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.3 2.8 1.5 1.5 1.4

Service ................................................................... 2.0 1.5 2.7 0.7 0.7 3.6 2.1 1.3 2.5

Protective service .............................................. 5.6 4.9 5.5 1.8 1.7 10.9 5.7 5.0 6.3

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.0 1.2 1.3 0.8 0.5 2.0 1.0 1.2 1.3

Sales and related ............................................... 1.6 1.8 1.9 0.7 0.4 3.6 1.6 1.8 2.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.0 0.7 2.3 1.3 1.5 1.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.3 1.9 1.2 1.4 1.3 0.9 2.3 2.0 1.4

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.5 3.0 1.7 2.2 2.2 0.9 3.4 2.9 2.1

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.6 2.2 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.9 2.8 2.4 1.8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.6 1.7 1.3 1.0 0.9 2.3 1.9 1.8 1.4

Production ......................................................... 2.2 2.0 1.4 1.2 0.9 2.2 2.3 2.2 1.6

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.2 2.4 1.8 1.8 1.7 3.3 2.2 2.0 1.8

Full time ................................................................. 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.6 1.6 0.8 0.9 0.7

Part time ................................................................ 1.6 1.1 1.8 0.6 0.6 3.4 1.6 0.9 1.9

Union ..................................................................... 1.7 1.7 0.9 1.8 1.8 1.5 3.1 2.9 1.2

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.5 2.0 1.0 0.9 0.8

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.5 1.2 1.8 0.4 0.2 3.3 1.5 1.1 1.9

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.5 1.4 3.4 0.3 0.2 5.9 2.5 1.4 3.5

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.0 0.8 2.6 1.5 1.2 1.3

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.2 1.3 1.0 0.9 0.8 1.8 1.3 1.3 1.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.8 1.0 1.1 1.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.0 1.2 0.9 1.7 1.4 2.3 1.2 1.3 0.9

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.6 1.3 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.6 1.6 1.3 0.9

Construction ...................................................... 2.3 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.5 0.9 2.2 1.7 2.0

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.8 1.6 0.7 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.9 1.7 0.8

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.6 0.5 1.8 1.1 1.0 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.8 2.2 1.5 1.2 1.0

Wholesale trade ............................................. 2.2 1.9 1.6 1.3 1.1 4.5 2.3 2.0 1.6

Retail trade .................................................... 1.5 1.2 1.2 0.6 0.4 3.0 1.5 1.3 1.4

Transportation and warehousing ................... 3.6 3.4 1.8 2.9 2.7 3.1 4.5 3.9 2.0

Utilities ........................................................... 4.9 4.4 0.7 4.4 4.0 1.9 4.9 4.1 1.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Standard errors for retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

All retirement benefits2 Defined benefit Defined contribution

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

Information ......................................................... 3.8 3.2 1.6 2.9 3.1 5.4 3.8 3.1 1.7

Financial activities ............................................. 1.7 1.7 0.7 1.6 1.3 2.0 1.7 1.6 0.8

Finance and insurance .................................. 0.9 0.8 0.6 1.9 1.5 2.1 1.0 0.9 0.8

Credit intermediation and related activities 1.4 1.4 0.8 2.0 1.8 2.5 1.6 1.5 1.2

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 1.5 1.3 1.0 3.4 3.0 2.6 1.5 1.3 0.9

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 4.6 4.8 3.3 3.0 2.3 10.3 4.5 4.5 3.3

Professional and business services .................. 2.4 2.3 1.9 1.5 1.0 5.2 2.5 2.4 2.1

Professional and technical services .............. 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.3 7.3 2.9 2.7 2.5

Administrative and waste services ................ 2.7 2.5 3.7 1.2 1.0 7.6 2.5 2.4 4.3

Education and health services ........................... 2.4 2.3 1.9 1.6 1.6 3.8 2.6 2.4 2.1

Educational services ...................................... 3.5 3.7 2.7 2.1 1.8 3.4 3.0 3.3 3.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.2 2.1 1.4 1.7 1.4 5.3 2.3 2.1 0.9

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.7 2.5 2.1 1.8 1.8 4.4 2.9 2.7 2.3

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 2.4 1.4 3.7 0.4 0.4 6.4 2.5 1.3 3.6

Accommodation and food services ................ 3.2 1.6 3.7 0.5 0.5 7.0 3.2 1.5 3.5

Other services ................................................... 3.4 2.4 3.9 1.6 1.5 10.7 3.3 2.3 3.8

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.2 1.1 1.2 0.5 0.5 2.5 1.2 1.1 1.3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.4 1.2 1.5 0.6 0.6 2.7 1.4 1.2 1.6

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.6 2.4 1.9 1.3 1.0 5.5 2.5 2.3 1.9

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.0 1.1 0.7 0.9 0.8 1.7 1.2 1.1 0.7

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.6 1.4 1.0 0.9 0.9 2.0 1.6 1.3 1.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.3 1.4 0.7 1.7 1.7 2.2 1.5 1.6 0.7

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.9 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 2.6 1.8 1.4 1.6

New England ..................................................... 3.4 4.1 3.0 1.4 1.1 3.7 2.8 3.6 3.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.2 1.2 1.8 1.7 1.8 3.1 2.2 1.5 2.1

South ..................................................................... 1.6 1.5 1.2 0.8 0.8 2.6 1.7 1.5 1.2

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.3 2.1 1.3 1.1 1.2 4.1 2.4 2.0 1.2

East South Central ............................................ 2.6 4.0 4.9 1.6 1.3 2.7 2.6 4.2 5.1

West South Central ........................................... 3.0 2.6 2.3 1.5 1.2 2.6 3.4 2.6 2.1

Midwest ................................................................. 2.0 2.2 1.2 0.9 0.7 3.2 2.1 2.1 1.2

East North Central ............................................. 2.7 3.0 1.6 0.9 0.9 3.4 2.9 2.9 1.6

West North Central ............................................ 2.6 2.6 1.4 2.0 0.7 7.0 2.4 2.3 1.3

West ...................................................................... 1.6 1.9 2.1 0.9 0.9 3.1 1.6 2.0 2.3

Mountain ............................................................ 3.7 3.3 2.2 2.0 2.0 5.1 4.2 3.2 1.9

Pacific ................................................................ 1.7 2.2 3.0 1.0 0.9 3.8 1.5 2.5 3.4

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Includes defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution retirement plans. Workers are considered as having access or as participating if they are in at least one of these plans. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 3. Retirement benefit combinations: Access, private industry

workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Defined

benefit and

defined

contribution

Defined

benefit only

Defined

contribution

only

All workers ............................................................. 12 3 53

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 20 2 64

Management, business, and financial ............... 24 1 64

Professional and related .................................... 18 2 63

Service ................................................................... 2 3 35

Protective service .............................................. 6 – 53

Sales and office ..................................................... 12 2 60

Sales and related ............................................... 8 1 62

Office and administrative support ...................... 15 3 58

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 12 7 46

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 11 10 39

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 13 4 53

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 13 6 53

Production ......................................................... 14 3 57

Transportation and material moving .................. 12 8 50

Full time ................................................................. 15 3 59

Part time ................................................................ 4 3 34

Union ..................................................................... 33 31 28

Nonunion ............................................................... 10 1 55

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2 1 40

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1 1 30

Second 25 percent ............................................ 9 4 55

Third 25 percent ................................................ 14 4 61

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 26 5 59

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 29 2 61

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 17 3 56

Construction ...................................................... 7 8 47

Manufacturing .................................................... 22 1 61

Service-providing industries .................................. 11 3 52

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 10 6 61

Wholesale trade ............................................. 5 1 77

Retail trade .................................................... 6 4 62

Transportation and warehousing ................... 18 13 48

Utilities ........................................................... 70 – 21

Information ......................................................... 19 – 57

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 3. Retirement benefit combinations: Access, private industry

workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Defined

benefit and

defined

contribution

Defined

benefit only

Defined

contribution

only

Financial activities ............................................. 37 2 ( ) 48

Finance and insurance .................................. 46 2 ( ) 46

Credit intermediation and related activities 50 – 43

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 41 – 49

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ – – 53

Professional and business services .................. 11 2 55

Professional and technical services .............. 13 – 71

Administrative and waste services ................ 1 3 33

Education and health services ........................... 11 4 58

Educational services ...................................... 11 6 57

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 17 3 67

Health care and social assistance ................. 11 4 58

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... – 1 28

Accommodation and food services ................ – 1 29

Other services ................................................... 4 2 40

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 5 2 49

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 4 1 46

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 7 3 60

100 workers or more .............................................. 22 5 58

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 11 5 64

500 workers or more .......................................... 36 6 49

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 15 5 48

New England ..................................................... 13 2 58

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 16 6 44

South ..................................................................... 11 1 54

South Atlantic .................................................... 12 1 58

East South Central ............................................ 13 2 51

West South Central ........................................... 8 – 51

Midwest ................................................................. 14 4 54

East North Central ............................................. 15 4 54

West North Central ............................................ 11 4 54

West ...................................................................... 10 4 54

Mountain ............................................................ 10 5 58

Pacific ................................................................ 10 4 53

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021. 2 Less than 0.5.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions

of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 3. Standard errors for retirement benefit combinations:

Access, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Defined

benefit and

defined

contribution

Defined

benefit only

Defined

contribution

only

All workers ............................................................. 0.4 0.3 0.9

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.0 0.3 1.5

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.3 0.2 1.5

Professional and related .................................... 1.2 0.4 2.0

Service ................................................................... 0.3 0.7 2.1

Protective service .............................................. 1.7 – 5.7

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.7 0.2 1.1

Sales and related ............................................... 0.7 0.2 1.8

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.9 0.3 1.3

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.2 1.1 2.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.7 1.9 3.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.4 0.8 2.6

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.8 0.7 1.7

Production ......................................................... 1.1 0.5 1.8

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.2 1.4 2.1

Full time ................................................................. 0.6 0.3 0.9

Part time ................................................................ 0.4 0.6 1.7

Union ..................................................................... 2.2 2.0 2.4

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.5 0.2 1.0

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.3 0.2 1.5

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 0.2 0.2 2.5

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.6 0.7 1.5

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.9 0.6 1.2

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.1 0.6 1.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.6 0.5 2.1

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.0 0.5 1.7

Construction ...................................................... 1.2 1.2 2.2

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.2 0.3 2.0

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.5 0.3 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 0.7 0.6 1.4

Wholesale trade ............................................. 1.1 0.6 2.4

Retail trade .................................................... 0.7 0.5 1.7

Transportation and warehousing ................... 2.5 2.2 3.8

Utilities ........................................................... 4.3 – 4.5

Information ......................................................... 2.9 – 3.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 3. Standard errors for retirement benefit combinations:

Access, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Defined

benefit and

defined

contribution

Defined

benefit only

Defined

contribution

only

Financial activities ............................................. 1.7 0.2 2.1

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.9 0.2 2.2

Credit intermediation and related activities 2.1 – 2.3

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 3.5 – 3.7

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ – – 4.6

Professional and business services .................. 1.4 0.7 3.1

Professional and technical services .............. 2.4 – 4.1

Administrative and waste services ................ 0.5 1.0 2.4

Education and health services ........................... 1.4 0.9 2.7

Educational services ...................................... 1.2 1.4 2.8

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.5 1.2 2.7

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.6 1.0 3.1

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... – 0.4 2.5

Accommodation and food services ................ – 0.4 3.2

Other services ................................................... 1.4 0.6 3.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.4 0.3 1.3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.4 0.4 1.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.1 0.6 2.6

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.9 0.5 1.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.7 0.8 1.6

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.7 0.8 2.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.3 0.8 2.2

New England ..................................................... 1.5 1.0 3.8

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.6 1.1 2.5

South ..................................................................... 0.7 0.3 1.6

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.0 0.4 2.2

East South Central ............................................ 1.3 0.6 2.1

West South Central ........................................... 0.9 – 3.5

Midwest ................................................................. 1.0 0.4 2.1

East North Central ............................................. 1.0 0.3 2.9

West North Central ............................................ 2.4 1.1 2.1

West ...................................................................... 0.7 0.8 1.7

Mountain ............................................................ 1.4 1.6 4.4

Pacific ................................................................ 0.8 0.8 1.7

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions

of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 5. Defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard frozen plans, private

industry workers, March 2021

(All workers participating in defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics Open plans1

Soft frozen2

All Hard frozen3

participants

still accruing

benefits

Some

participants

still accruing

benefits

All workers ............................................................. 57 23 4 15

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 49 24 6 21

Management, business, and financial ............... 46 22 6 26

Professional and related .................................... 51 25 7 18

Service ................................................................... 79 14 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 48 25 4 24

Sales and related ............................................... 45 18 4 33

Office and administrative support ...................... 49 27 3 21

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 79 16 1 4

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 88 10 – –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 64 25 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 58 29 4 9

Production ......................................................... 37 39 8 16

Transportation and material moving .................. 73 21 1 4

Full time ................................................................. 55 23 5 17

Part time ................................................................ 74 21 – –

Union ..................................................................... 77 17 1 5

Nonunion ............................................................... 45 26 7 22

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 62 27 – –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 85 – – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 62 22 3 14

Third 25 percent ................................................ 55 26 5 15

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 56 21 5 17

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 47 26 5 23

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 49 29 9 13

Construction ...................................................... 95 – – 2

Manufacturing .................................................... 27 42 13 17

Service-providing industries .................................. 60 21 3 16

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 66 28 – –

Wholesale trade ............................................. 59 24 – –

Retail trade .................................................... 66 24 – 10

Transportation and warehousing ................... 68 29 – –

Utilities ........................................................... 63 35 – 2

Information ......................................................... 32 37 – 31

Financial activities ............................................. 38 21 2 39

Finance and insurance .................................. 35 23 1 41

Credit intermediation and related activities 21 17 1 61

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 53 31 – –

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 86 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5. Defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard frozen plans, private

industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers participating in defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics Open plans1

Soft frozen2

All Hard frozen3

participants

still accruing

benefits

Some

participants

still accruing

benefits

Professional and business services .................. 64 7 6 23

Professional and technical services .............. 65 – – –

Administrative and waste services ................ 83 – – –

Education and health services ........................... 69 19 4 8

Educational services ...................................... 65 29 – –

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 48 41 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 69 18 5 8

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 98 – – –

Accommodation and food services ................ 97 – – –

Other services ................................................... 80 – – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 68 18 2 12

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 64 20 2 14

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 75 15 – –

100 workers or more .............................................. 54 24 5 17

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 60 24 4 12

500 workers or more .......................................... 51 25 5 19

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 62 17 4 16

New England ..................................................... 51 17 4 29

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 65 17 4 13

South ..................................................................... 50 27 6 16

South Atlantic .................................................... 54 25 5 16

East South Central ............................................ – 35 – 17

West South Central ........................................... 52 26 5 17

Midwest ................................................................. 54 28 4 13

East North Central ............................................. 53 30 3 14

West North Central ............................................ 57 24 – –

West ...................................................................... 65 17 2 16

Mountain ............................................................ 62 – – 16

Pacific ................................................................ 66 16 – –

1 Plans open to new participants. 2 New employees are not allowed in the plan. Benefit accruals may continue for existing participants. 3 Participants in these plans stop accruing benefits on the date the plan is frozen. The benefit the employee receives is

calculated as of the day the plan was frozen. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did

not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 5. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard

frozen plans, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics Open plans1

Soft frozen2

All Hard frozen3

participants

still accruing

benefits

Some

participants

still accruing

benefits

All workers ............................................................. 2.1 1.3 0.6 1.2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 3.8 2.0 1.2 2.4

Management, business, and financial ............... 4.6 2.6 1.5 2.8

Professional and related .................................... 5.1 2.6 1.4 2.6

Service ................................................................... 4.2 2.6 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 2.5 1.9 0.9 2.6

Sales and related ............................................... 4.8 2.6 1.6 4.4

Office and administrative support ...................... 3.0 2.3 0.9 2.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.8 2.4 0.7 0.9

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.5 2.6 – –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 4.3 3.5 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 4.2 3.5 0.9 1.4

Production ......................................................... 5.7 5.1 1.8 2.4

Transportation and material moving .................. 4.6 4.2 0.4 1.4

Full time ................................................................. 2.0 1.3 0.7 1.3

Part time ................................................................ 4.1 3.6 – –

Union ..................................................................... 2.1 1.8 0.2 0.7

Nonunion ............................................................... 3.1 1.9 1.0 1.9

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 5.6 4.2 – –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 6.7 – – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 3.5 2.5 0.7 2.6

Third 25 percent ................................................ 3.0 2.5 1.0 1.3

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2.7 1.6 0.9 1.8

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 3.2 2.7 1.1 2.3

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 3.1 3.0 1.4 1.5

Construction ...................................................... 1.5 – – 0.6

Manufacturing .................................................... 4.0 3.7 2.1 2.2

Service-providing industries .................................. 2.5 1.4 0.7 1.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 3.2 2.8 – –

Wholesale trade ............................................. 8.7 5.5 – –

Retail trade .................................................... 4.6 4.1 – 1.9

Transportation and warehousing ................... 4.8 4.6 – –

Utilities ........................................................... 4.8 4.8 – 0.8

Information ......................................................... 4.6 5.7 – 5.7

Financial activities ............................................. 2.6 1.9 0.7 2.3

Finance and insurance .................................. 2.3 2.0 0.4 2.4

Credit intermediation and related activities 2.6 2.6 0.4 3.9

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 3.4 2.8 – –

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 8.5 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard

frozen plans, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics Open plans1

Soft frozen2

All Hard frozen3

participants

still accruing

benefits

Some

participants

still accruing

benefits

Professional and business services .................. 7.0 2.3 2.7 5.9

Professional and technical services .............. 10.4 – – –

Administrative and waste services ................ 7.2 – – –

Education and health services ........................... 5.3 3.9 1.6 1.7

Educational services ...................................... 6.0 5.1 – –

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 3.5 3.1 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 6.1 4.5 1.9 2.1

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 2.0 – – –

Accommodation and food services ................ 2.3 – – –

Other services ................................................... 10.3 – – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 3.2 3.0 0.9 1.7

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 4.5 4.3 0.9 2.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 4.3 3.2 – –

100 workers or more .............................................. 2.6 1.5 0.8 1.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 4.3 2.7 1.2 2.2

500 workers or more .......................................... 3.5 2.0 1.0 2.2

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 5.6 2.3 1.6 2.8

New England ..................................................... 8.7 2.6 1.3 8.1

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 6.2 2.8 1.9 2.5

South ..................................................................... 3.2 2.7 1.1 2.2

South Atlantic .................................................... 4.0 3.9 1.3 3.0

East South Central ............................................ – 8.3 – 4.7

West South Central ........................................... 5.2 3.3 2.5 4.0

Midwest ................................................................. 3.6 2.4 1.3 2.6

East North Central ............................................. 4.6 3.0 1.2 3.5

West North Central ............................................ 4.8 3.0 – –

West ...................................................................... 2.9 2.1 1.0 2.5

Mountain ............................................................ 7.2 – – 4.4

Pacific ................................................................ 2.9 1.4 – –

1 Plans open to new participants. 2 New employees are not allowed in the plan. Benefit accruals may continue for existing participants. 3 Participants in these plans stop accruing benefits on the date the plan is frozen. The benefit the employee receives is

calculated as of the day the plan was frozen. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 6. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Selected attributes, private

industry workers, March 2021

(All workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Time since plan closed to new workers or stopped

accruing benefits2

Less than 6

years 6 to 10 years 11 to 15years

Greater

than 15

years

All workers ............................................................. 11 25 44 20

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 13 25 43 19

Management, business, and financial ............... 17 22 39 22

Professional and related .................................... 10 28 46 17

Service ................................................................... – 45 31 –

Protective service .............................................. – 60 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 11 26 45 18

Sales and related ............................................... – 25 55 –

Office and administrative support ...................... 14 27 42 17

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 20 56 –

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – – 64 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. – 25 52 –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 13 22 42 24

Production ......................................................... – 27 47 –

Transportation and material moving .................. – – 34 33

Full time ................................................................. 11 25 44 20

Part time ................................................................ – 30 42 –

Union ..................................................................... 5 37 39 19

Nonunion ............................................................... 13 22 45 20

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. – 38 31 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 10 28 50 11

Third 25 percent ................................................ 13 24 42 21

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 11 24 44 21

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 10 23 45 21

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 5 23 55 17

Manufacturing .................................................... – 25 54 –

Service-providing industries .................................. 14 26 39 21

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 13 24 32 31

Wholesale trade ............................................. – – 36 48

Retail trade .................................................... – 34 52 –

Transportation and warehousing ................... – – 25 39

Utilities ........................................................... – 45 – 26

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Selected attributes, private

industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Time since plan closed to new workers or stopped

accruing benefits2

Less than 6

years 6 to 10 years 11 to 15years

Greater

than 15

years

Information ......................................................... – – 76 –

Financial activities ............................................. 22 29 37 12

Finance and insurance .................................. 22 29 36 12

Credit intermediation and related activities – 31 38 –

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 14 27 30 29

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ – – 100 –

Professional and business services .................. – – 48 25

Professional and technical services .............. – – 50 –

Education and health services ........................... 8 41 31 21

Educational services ...................................... – 35 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. – 42 32 –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 14 25 41 20

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 26 43 –

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 24 34 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 11 25 44 19

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 14 25 44 17

500 workers or more .......................................... 10 25 44 21

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 11 26 37 26

New England ..................................................... – 33 39 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 13 24 37 26

South ..................................................................... 8 30 47 15

South Atlantic .................................................... 3 35 44 18

East South Central ............................................ – 32 44 –

West South Central ........................................... – 14 57 –

Midwest ................................................................. – – 40 24

East North Central ............................................. – – 35 26

West North Central ............................................ – – 53 21

West ...................................................................... 10 26 52 12

Mountain ............................................................ – 15 65 –

Pacific ................................................................ 12 31 46 11

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 The length of time is calculated based on the year the plan was modified. For example, plans frozen between January

2016 and January 2021 are included in the "Less than 6 years" column. Those frozen between 2011 and 2015 are included in

the "6 to 10 years" column. Those frozen between 2006 and 2010 are included in the “11 to 15 years” column, and those

frozen on or before 2005 are included in the "Greater than 15 years" column. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data

did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 6. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Selected

attributes, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Time since plan closed to new workers or stopped

accruing benefits2

Less than 6

years 6 to 10 years 11 to 15years

Greater

than 15

years

All workers ............................................................. 2.1 1.9 2.3 1.5

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 3.1 2.5 2.8 2.2

Management, business, and financial ............... 3.8 2.8 3.4 3.0

Professional and related .................................... 2.9 3.5 3.6 2.7

Service ................................................................... – 10.5 6.9 –

Protective service .............................................. – 15.4 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.9 2.4 3.7 2.5

Sales and related ............................................... – 4.3 6.3 –

Office and administrative support ...................... 2.4 2.9 3.7 2.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 5.6 7.4 –

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – – 10.5 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. – 6.6 8.6 –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 3.4 4.4 4.6 3.6

Production ......................................................... – 5.3 5.4 –

Transportation and material moving .................. – – 6.6 3.7

Full time ................................................................. 2.2 2.0 2.3 1.6

Part time ................................................................ – 5.4 5.6 –

Union ..................................................................... 2.3 4.6 4.4 2.9

Nonunion ............................................................... 2.5 2.0 2.5 1.7

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. – 6.7 6.2 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2.5 4.6 4.5 2.5

Third 25 percent ................................................ 2.4 2.5 3.4 2.5

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2.9 2.3 2.6 2.1

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.7 3.0 3.0 2.4

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 2.6 3.1 4.0 2.8

Manufacturing .................................................... – 3.2 4.2 –

Service-providing industries .................................. 2.7 2.2 2.7 1.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 3.1 4.5 3.6 2.5

Wholesale trade ............................................. – – 9.5 8.5

Retail trade .................................................... – 6.1 8.1 –

Transportation and warehousing ................... – – 6.1 4.3

Utilities ........................................................... – 7.6 – 4.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Selected

attributes, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Time since plan closed to new workers or stopped

accruing benefits2

Less than 6

years 6 to 10 years 11 to 15years

Greater

than 15

years

Information ......................................................... – – 8.2 –

Financial activities ............................................. 2.6 3.2 3.2 2.2

Finance and insurance .................................. 2.6 3.3 3.4 2.2

Credit intermediation and related activities – 5.8 5.3 –

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 3.7 4.2 5.3 4.6

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ – – 0.0 –

Professional and business services .................. – – 10.0 7.0

Professional and technical services .............. – – 10.9 –

Education and health services ........................... 2.5 6.3 3.9 5.7

Educational services ...................................... – 10.3 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. – 7.3 4.5 –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 3.6 4.5 5.0 5.4

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 5.3 5.8 –

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 6.8 9.0 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 2.1 2.1 2.4 1.5

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2.9 2.8 3.5 2.4

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.5 2.7 3.1 1.8

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.8 4.3 3.5 4.2

New England ..................................................... – 7.1 7.3 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.6 5.3 4.1 5.1

South ..................................................................... 2.5 3.2 3.2 2.4

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.4 3.7 3.1 3.9

East South Central ............................................ – 9.4 8.9 –

West South Central ........................................... – 3.4 7.8 –

Midwest ................................................................. – – 5.9 2.0

East North Central ............................................. – – 6.3 2.1

West North Central ............................................ – – 10.7 4.8

West ...................................................................... 2.4 3.9 4.2 2.6

Mountain ............................................................ – 4.1 5.9 –

Pacific ................................................................ 3.0 5.0 5.2 3.2

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 The length of time is calculated based on the year the plan was modified. For example, plans frozen between January

2016 and January 2021 are included in the "Less than 6 years" column. Those frozen between 2011 and 2015 are included in

the "6 to 10 years" column. Those frozen between 2006 and 2010 are included in the “11 to 15 years” column, and those

frozen on or before 2005 are included in the "Greater than 15 years" column. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 7. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Distribution of time2 since plan

closed to new workers or stopped accruing benefits, private industry workers, March

2021

(Includes workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans)

Characteristics 10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 5 9 12 15 18

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ – 9 12 15 19

Management, business, and financial ............... 4 – 12 15 19

Professional and related .................................... – 9 12 15 19

Service ................................................................... 6 8 10 14 18

Sales and office ..................................................... 5 9 12 15 18

Sales and related ............................................... 9 10 12 15 18

Office and administrative support ...................... 5 9 12 14 18

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 7 10 13 14 20

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 13 14 14 20

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 7 10 12 15 20

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 5 8 13 15 18

Production ......................................................... 6 9 13 15 17

Transportation and material moving .................. – – 13 16 20

Full time ................................................................. 5 9 12 15 18

Part time ................................................................ 5 9 12 14 20

Union ..................................................................... 6 8 12 14 17

Nonunion ............................................................... 5 9 12 15 18

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 7 9 12 15 17

Second 25 percent ............................................ 5 9 11 14 17

Third 25 percent ................................................ 5 9 13 15 18

Highest 25 percent ............................................ – 9 12 15 20

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – 9 12 15 20

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 7 10 13 14 17

Construction ...................................................... 4 – 14 – 26

Manufacturing .................................................... 7 10 13 14 17

Service-providing industries .................................. – 9 12 15 19

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 5 9 13 16 20

Wholesale trade ............................................. – 12 15 19 20

Retail trade .................................................... 9 9 12 14 16

Transportation and warehousing ................... – – 13 18 20

Utilities ........................................................... 4 7 8 16 21

Information ......................................................... 10 12 15 15 19

Financial activities ............................................. 4 7 10 13 17

Finance and insurance .................................. 4 7 10 12 17

Credit intermediation and related activities 4 5 9 12 13

Insurance carriers and related activities .... – 7 12 16 19

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Distribution of time2 since plan

closed to new workers or stopped accruing benefits, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

(Includes workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans)

Characteristics 10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

Professional and business services .................. – 10 12 15 20

Education and health services ........................... 6 7 11 15 19

Educational services ...................................... 4 7 9 – 21

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 4 – 12 20 21

Health care and social assistance ................. 6 – 11 15 19

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 5 8 12 14 18

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 5 7 11 14 17

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 7 9 14 18 20

100 workers or more .............................................. 5 9 12 15 18

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 4 9 12 15 18

500 workers or more .......................................... 6 9 12 15 19

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 5 9 13 16 19

New England ..................................................... 7 9 13 15 18

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 4 9 13 16 20

South ..................................................................... 6 9 12 14 17

South Atlantic .................................................... 7 9 12 14 17

East South Central ............................................ – 8 12 13 16

West South Central ........................................... – 9 12 15 16

Midwest ................................................................. – 8 12 15 20

East North Central ............................................. 4 – 12 16 20

West North Central ............................................ 7 10 12 14 20

West ...................................................................... – 9 12 13 16

Mountain ............................................................ – 12 12 14 18

Pacific ................................................................ – 8 12 12 16

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 The distribution is based on the year the plan was frozen since 1990. Estimates for 31 years may include plans frozen prior to

1990. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th

percentile or median, half of participating workers are in plans frozen the same or longer than the year shown, and half are in plans

frozen the same as or less than the year shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers are in plans frozen the

same or less than the year shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 7. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Distribution of

time2 since plan closed to new workers or stopped accruing benefits, private industry

workers, March 2021

Characteristics 10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ – 0.7 0.2 0.7 0.9

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.0 – 0.2 0.9 0.9

Professional and related .................................... – 0.0 0.2 1.2 1.7

Service ................................................................... 0.0 2.2 1.6 0.5 0.2

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.7 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.4

Sales and related ............................................... 0.0 1.5 0.9 0.0 1.3

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.3 0.2 1.1 0.6 0.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.3 2.5 1.1 0.6 1.1

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 3.0 0.0 0.0 5.6

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 0.9 1.4 0.0 1.3 1.3

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.5 1.7 0.3 0.9 0.0

Production ......................................................... 0.8 2.3 0.7 1.3 0.7

Transportation and material moving .................. – – 0.4 0.4 2.6

Full time ................................................................. 1.0 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.0

Part time ................................................................ 0.8 0.2 1.5 0.3 4.2

Union ..................................................................... 1.4 0.7 1.0 1.2 1.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.1

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2.0 0.3 2.3 2.1 0.2

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.4

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.0 0.2 1.2 0.0 0.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ – 0.0 0.0 0.3 1.2

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – 0.2 0.0 0.3 1.4

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.4 1.1

Construction ...................................................... 0.0 – 1.4 – 2.4

Manufacturing .................................................... 0.9 0.2 0.6 0.4 1.0

Service-providing industries .................................. – 1.2 0.2 0.3 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 0.6 0.2 1.3 1.3 1.6

Wholesale trade ............................................. – 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.7

Retail trade .................................................... 0.0 0.0 0.4 1.2 1.6

Transportation and warehousing ................... – – 1.4 0.3 2.1

Utilities ........................................................... 0.0 1.0 1.1 2.4 0.0

Information ......................................................... 2.4 1.0 0.4 0.0 4.3

Financial activities ............................................. 0.0 0.9 1.5 1.2 1.5

Finance and insurance .................................. 0.0 1.1 1.5 1.0 1.4

Credit intermediation and related activities 0.0 0.7 0.3 0.0 0.0

Insurance carriers and related activities .... – 0.0 0.4 1.5 0.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Distribution of

time2 since plan closed to new workers or stopped accruing benefits, private industry

workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics 10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

Professional and business services .................. – 2.9 0.4 1.9 0.9

Education and health services ........................... 0.2 1.0 1.0 2.5 1.5

Educational services ...................................... 0.0 1.2 2.4 – 1.1

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 0.0 – 0.0 0.4 0.0

Health care and social assistance ................. 0.0 – 0.9 2.7 1.5

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.4 1.4 1.1 1.3 0.8

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.7 1.7 1.2 1.2 1.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.6 1.1

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 1.2

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.7

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.8

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.2 0.0 1.0 1.1 1.6

New England ..................................................... 0.0 0.9 1.2 1.4 0.9

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.2 0.3 1.6 1.4 1.5

South ..................................................................... 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.4 0.0 0.5 1.3 1.1

East South Central ............................................ – 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.1

West South Central ........................................... – 2.4 1.1 1.5 1.8

Midwest ................................................................. – 2.3 0.7 1.6 0.0

East North Central ............................................. 0.9 – 1.3 1.5 0.7

West North Central ............................................ 0.4 1.9 0.0 0.9 0.3

West ...................................................................... – 0.9 0.0 1.0 1.5

Mountain ............................................................ – 2.0 0.0 1.0 2.2

Pacific ................................................................ – 1.4 1.0 0.9 1.3

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 The distribution is based on the year the plan was frozen since 1990. Estimates for 31 years may include plans frozen prior to

1990. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th

percentile or median, half of participating workers are in plans frozen the same or longer than the year shown, and half are in plans

frozen the same as or less than the year shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers are in plans frozen the

same or less than the year shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 8. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Plan alternatives, private industry workers, March

2021

(All workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

No

alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives to frozen plans2

Modified

existing

defined

benefit plan

New defined

benefit plan

Enhanced

existing

defined

contribution

plan

New defined

contribution

plan

All workers ............................................................. 6 94 9 19 47 29

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 5 95 8 18 54 25

Management, business, and financial ............... 2 98 6 20 56 27

Professional and related .................................... 7 93 9 17 52 23

Sales and office ..................................................... 8 92 8 13 51 28

Sales and related ............................................... 9 91 6 8 55 33

Office and administrative support ...................... 7 93 9 15 50 26

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 7 93 10 26 31 43

Full time ................................................................. 5 95 9 20 48 29

Part time ................................................................ 33 67 16 – 31 24

Union ..................................................................... 5 95 13 33 28 35

Nonunion ............................................................... 7 93 8 15 52 27

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent:

 Lowest 10 percent .......................................... – 100 – – – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 11 89 6 17 55 24

Third 25 percent ................................................ 6 94 13 19 34 36

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 4 96 9 20 52 25

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2 98 5 19 60 23

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries:

 Construction ....................................................... – 100 78 – – –

Service-providing industries .................................. 8 92 9 15 47 24

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 13 87 17 16 36 30

Wholesale trade ............................................. – 100 – – 40 –

Retail trade .................................................... 21 79 5 – 53 35

Transportation and warehousing ................... 14 86 – – – 26

Utilities ........................................................... – 100 25 33 32 29

Financial activities ............................................. 3 97 6 15 55 22

Finance and insurance .................................. 3 97 6 15 55 23

Credit intermediation and related activities 3 97 8 6 56 27

Professional and business services:

Administrative and waste services ............... – 100 – – – –

Education and health services:

Educational services .................................... – 100 – – – 54

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 100 – – – –

Other services ................................................... – 100 – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 8. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Plan alternatives, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

No

alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives to frozen plans2

Modified

existing

defined

benefit plan

New defined

benefit plan

Enhanced

existing

defined

contribution

plan

New defined

contribution

plan

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 4 96 6 18 47 29

100 workers or more .............................................. 7 93 10 19 47 29

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 10 90 12 22 39 31

500 workers or more .......................................... 6 94 9 18 51 28

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 6 94 6 17 43 31

South ..................................................................... 7 93 7 22 50 31

South Atlantic .................................................... 6 94 9 21 46 28

Midwest ................................................................. 8 92 16 20 37 28

East North Central ............................................. 8 92 16 20 40 27

West North Central ............................................ 7 93 18 22 29 31

West ...................................................................... 5 95 7 14 63 22

Pacific ................................................................ 4 96 – 16 65 19

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 The sum of the individual components may be greater than the total because some employers offer more than one alternative. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings

both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication

criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 8. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Plan alternatives, private

industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

No

alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives to frozen plans

Modified

existing

defined

benefit plan

New defined

benefit plan

Enhanced

existing

defined

contribution

plan

New defined

contribution

plan

All workers ............................................................. 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.5 2.3 2.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.2 1.2 1.8 1.9 3.0 2.7

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.8 0.8 1.0 2.7 3.6 3.4

Professional and related .................................... 2.0 2.0 3.0 2.1 4.1 3.1

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.5 1.5 2.0 1.5 3.6 2.7

Sales and related ............................................... 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.6 6.1 5.4

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.5 1.5 2.3 1.8 3.7 2.5

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 2.5 2.5 2.9 4.1 4.3 4.5

Full time ................................................................. 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.6 2.3 2.2

Part time ................................................................ 4.4 4.4 4.7 – 5.1 5.2

Union ..................................................................... 2.6 2.6 3.3 4.1 2.9 4.3

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.1 1.1 1.5 1.4 2.7 2.3

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent:

 Lowest 10 percent .......................................... – 0.0 – – – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2.1 2.1 1.3 2.6 5.5 2.9

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.6 1.6 2.6 2.6 2.9 3.5

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.0 1.0 1.4 2.2 2.8 2.3

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.7 0.7 1.1 2.7 3.7 3.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries:

 Construction ....................................................... – 0.0 14.7 – – –

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.2 1.2 1.7 1.4 2.6 1.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 2.4 2.4 3.7 3.2 4.6 3.5

Wholesale trade ............................................. – 0.0 – – 6.9 –

Retail trade .................................................... 4.0 4.0 1.9 – 6.8 5.3

Transportation and warehousing ................... 3.8 3.8 – – – 6.3

Utilities ........................................................... – 0.0 5.2 7.5 7.6 6.3

Financial activities ............................................. 1.0 1.0 0.7 1.4 3.1 2.0

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.4 3.2 2.1

Credit intermediation and related activities 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.5 4.5 3.7

Professional and business services:

Administrative and waste services ............... – 0.0 – – – –

Education and health services:

Educational services .................................... – 0.0 – – – 9.2

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 0.0 – – – –

Other services ................................................... – 0.0 – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 8. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Plan alternatives, private

industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

No

alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives to frozen plans

Modified

existing

defined

benefit plan

New defined

benefit plan

Enhanced

existing

defined

contribution

plan

New defined

contribution

plan

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.1 2.1 2.0 4.6 6.9 4.7

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.7 2.5 2.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2.4 2.4 2.5 3.2 3.9 3.4

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.2 1.2 1.8 2.0 2.9 2.7

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.5 2.5 0.9 1.6 3.5 3.6

South ..................................................................... 2.1 2.1 1.8 3.3 5.3 4.3

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.1 2.1 2.5 5.2 7.4 4.4

Midwest ................................................................. 1.3 1.3 3.2 2.8 3.0 3.6

East North Central ............................................. 1.5 1.5 4.0 3.5 3.8 4.5

West North Central ............................................ 2.2 2.2 4.8 2.8 4.5 5.6

West ...................................................................... 1.8 1.8 2.7 3.5 5.4 4.5

Pacific ................................................................ 1.2 1.2 – 4.3 4.4 4.8

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings

both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms,

see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 9. Defined contribution retirement plans: Selected attributes, private

industry workers, March 2021

(All workers participating in defined contribution plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee contribution Employee contribution

option

Required Not required Pretax Not pretax

All workers ............................................................. 72 28 84 16

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 71 29 84 16

Management, business, and financial ............... 73 27 84 16

Professional and related .................................... 69 31 84 16

Service ................................................................... 73 27 86 14

Protective service .............................................. 74 26 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 73 27 85 15

Sales and related ............................................... 80 20 87 13

Office and administrative support ...................... 69 31 84 16

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 70 30 85 15

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 64 36 82 18

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 75 25 87 13

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 72 28 83 17

Production ......................................................... 72 28 85 15

Transportation and material moving .................. 72 28 82 18

Full time ................................................................. 72 28 84 16

Part time ................................................................ 72 28 83 17

Union ..................................................................... 58 42 78 22

Nonunion ............................................................... 73 27 85 15

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 77 23 87 13

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 79 21 83 17

Second 25 percent ............................................ 72 28 85 15

Third 25 percent ................................................ 70 30 84 16

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 71 29 83 17

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 72 28 84 16

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 71 29 84 16

Construction ...................................................... 72 28 86 14

Manufacturing .................................................... 71 29 84 16

Service-providing industries .................................. 72 28 84 16

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 77 23 86 14

Wholesale trade ............................................. 78 22 88 12

Retail trade .................................................... 79 21 88 12

Transportation and warehousing ................... 75 25 – –

Utilities ........................................................... 76 24 84 16

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 9. Defined contribution retirement plans: Selected attributes, private

industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers participating in defined contribution plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee contribution Employee contribution

option

Required Not required Pretax Not pretax

Information ......................................................... 78 22 93 7

Financial activities ............................................. 66 34 77 23

Finance and insurance .................................. 66 34 76 24

Credit intermediation and related activities 63 37 71 29

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 76 24 83 17

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 65 35 – –

Professional and business services .................. 77 23 87 13

Professional and technical services .............. 79 21 83 17

Administrative and waste services ................ 83 17 94 6

Education and health services ........................... 63 37 83 17

Educational services ...................................... 61 39 85 15

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 55 45 82 18

Health care and social assistance ................. 64 36 83 17

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 80 20 – –

Accommodation and food services ................ 81 19 – –

Other services ................................................... 65 35 – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 72 28 85 15

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 73 27 84 16

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 72 28 87 13

100 workers or more .............................................. 71 29 84 16

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 76 24 85 15

500 workers or more .......................................... 67 33 83 17

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 66 34 78 22

New England ..................................................... 70 30 79 21

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 64 36 78 22

South ..................................................................... 77 23 85 15

South Atlantic .................................................... 76 24 83 17

East South Central ............................................ 76 24 85 15

West South Central ........................................... 81 19 87 13

Midwest ................................................................. 73 27 87 13

East North Central ............................................. 72 28 87 13

West North Central ............................................ 74 26 89 11

West ...................................................................... 67 33 85 15

Mountain ............................................................ 74 26 86 14

Pacific ................................................................ 65 35 85 15

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or

data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 9. Standard errors for defined contribution retirement plans: Selected

attributes, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Employee contribution Employee contribution

option

Required Not required Pretax Not pretax

All workers ............................................................. 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.3

Professional and related .................................... 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2

Service ................................................................... 2.5 2.5 2.0 2.0

Protective service .............................................. 6.1 6.1 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.1 1.1 0.7 0.7

Sales and related ............................................... 1.7 1.7 1.2 1.2

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.1 2.1 1.5 1.5

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.6 3.6 2.7 2.7

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.4 2.4 1.7 1.7

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1

Production ......................................................... 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.4

Transportation and material moving .................. 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1

Full time ................................................................. 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6

Part time ................................................................ 2.8 2.8 2.2 2.2

Union ..................................................................... 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.3

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.6 1.6 1.1 1.1

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1

Construction ...................................................... 3.1 3.1 2.4 2.4

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2

Wholesale trade ............................................. 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.2

Retail trade .................................................... 2.3 2.3 1.2 1.2

Transportation and warehousing ................... 5.8 5.8 – –

Utilities ........................................................... 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 9. Standard errors for defined contribution retirement plans: Selected

attributes, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Employee contribution Employee contribution

option

Required Not required Pretax Not pretax

Information ......................................................... 2.4 2.4 1.9 1.9

Financial activities ............................................. 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.2

Credit intermediation and related activities 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 5.1 5.1 – –

Professional and business services .................. 2.4 2.4 1.6 1.6

Professional and technical services .............. 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.6

Administrative and waste services ................ 3.3 3.3 2.6 2.6

Education and health services ........................... 2.3 2.3 1.6 1.6

Educational services ...................................... 2.3 2.3 1.9 1.9

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.3 2.3 1.9 1.9

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.7 2.7 1.9 1.9

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 4.1 4.1 – –

Accommodation and food services ................ 5.1 5.1 – –

Other services ................................................... 7.6 7.6 – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.3 1.3 0.9 0.9

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.5 2.5 2.1 2.1

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5

New England ..................................................... 2.4 2.4 3.4 3.4

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5

South ..................................................................... 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.9

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2

East South Central ............................................ 4.5 4.5 2.5 2.5

West South Central ........................................... 2.2 2.2 1.5 1.5

Midwest ................................................................. 1.1 1.1 0.7 0.7

East North Central ............................................. 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.7

West North Central ............................................ 2.6 2.6 1.7 1.7

West ...................................................................... 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.4

Mountain ............................................................ 3.4 3.4 1.0 1.0

Pacific ................................................................ 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 10. Healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 private industry

workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Healthcare2 Medical care

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 71 54 77 70 47 67

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 89 74 83 88 63 71

Management, business, and financial ............... 95 81 85 95 70 73

Professional and related .................................... 86 69 81 85 59 70

Service ................................................................... 44 26 60 44 22 51

Protective service .............................................. 68 56 82 67 42 62

Sales and office ..................................................... 68 51 75 67 45 66

Sales and related ............................................... 55 39 71 54 34 64

Office and administrative support ...................... 78 60 77 77 52 67

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 76 60 79 76 55 73

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 74 57 78 74 53 73

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 78 62 80 78 56 73

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 77 61 79 77 54 71

Production ......................................................... 81 66 82 80 59 73

Transportation and material moving .................. 74 57 77 73 50 68

Full time ................................................................. 86 68 79 86 59 69

Part time ................................................................ 24 13 54 23 11 47

Union ..................................................................... 96 85 88 95 78 81

Nonunion ............................................................... 69 52 75 68 44 65

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 40 24 60 39 21 52

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 26 13 50 26 11 43

Second 25 percent ............................................ 72 53 74 71 47 66

Third 25 percent ................................................ 85 68 80 85 60 70

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 94 79 85 93 69 74

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 95 83 87 95 72 76

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 85 70 83 85 63 74

Construction ...................................................... 75 58 77 75 54 72

Manufacturing .................................................... 90 77 85 89 67 75

Service-providing industries .................................. 68 51 75 67 44 65

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 68 51 74 67 44 65

Wholesale trade ............................................. 89 71 80 88 63 71

Retail trade .................................................... 54 35 65 52 31 58

Transportation and warehousing ................... 83 67 80 82 57 69

Utilities ........................................................... 99 89 90 99 80 81

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 private industry workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Dental care Vision care Outpatient prescription drug

coverage

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 40 31 78 26 21 80 69 46 67

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 59 46 79 35 28 79 87 62 71

Management, business, and financial ............... 65 52 79 38 31 81 94 69 73

Professional and related .................................... 55 43 79 33 26 78 83 58 69

Service ................................................................... 19 13 70 13 9 70 43 22 50

Protective service .............................................. 40 33 83 36 24 66 61 37 61

Sales and office ..................................................... 37 28 76 23 18 79 66 44 66

Sales and related ............................................... 25 19 73 16 13 77 52 33 64

Office and administrative support ...................... 45 35 77 28 22 79 76 51 67

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 38 30 79 26 22 83 74 53 72

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 31 25 82 22 19 85 72 52 72

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 46 35 76 31 26 82 75 54 72

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 46 37 81 32 27 85 75 53 71

Production ......................................................... 49 40 82 35 30 86 79 57 72

Transportation and material moving .................. 43 34 80 29 24 84 71 49 69

Full time ................................................................. 50 39 78 32 25 80 84 58 69

Part time ................................................................ 11 8 71 8 6 73 23 11 47

Union ..................................................................... 69 61 88 55 48 87 92 75 81

Nonunion ............................................................... 38 29 76 23 18 78 67 44 65

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 15 11 70 10 7 70 39 20 52

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 8 5 61 6 4 59 25 11 42

Second 25 percent ............................................ 39 30 75 25 20 80 69 45 66

Third 25 percent ................................................ 50 39 78 31 25 80 83 58 70

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 64 52 81 40 33 82 92 67 73

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 70 58 83 46 37 82 93 71 76

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 50 41 83 35 30 87 82 61 74

Construction ...................................................... 32 25 79 22 19 85 73 52 72

Manufacturing .................................................... 60 50 84 42 36 87 87 65 74

Service-providing industries .................................. 39 29 76 24 19 77 66 43 65

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 36 28 78 23 19 81 66 43 65

Wholesale trade ............................................. 54 41 77 38 30 78 86 61 71

Retail trade .................................................... 22 15 67 13 10 77 51 30 58

Transportation and warehousing ................... 50 44 88 31 27 88 80 56 70

Utilities ........................................................... 61 55 90 51 47 92 99 79 81

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 private industry

workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Healthcare2 Medical care

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate

Information ......................................................... 86 75 87 86 65 76

Financial activities ............................................. 89 75 84 88 66 74

Finance and insurance .................................. 94 81 86 93 70 75

Credit intermediation and related activities 98 85 87 97 73 75

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 89 75 84 89 66 74

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 73 56 78 73 52 71

Professional and business services .................. 74 60 82 73 52 71

Professional and technical services .............. 89 76 86 89 64 73

Administrative and waste services ................ 49 36 73 49 32 64

Education and health services ........................... 76 55 72 75 47 62

Educational services ...................................... 75 58 77 75 50 67

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 90 71 78 90 58 65

Health care and social assistance ................. 76 54 71 75 46 61

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 32 14 45 32 12 38

Accommodation and food services ................ 31 12 41 31 10 33

Other services ................................................... 52 41 80 52 37 71

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 58 42 72 58 37 63

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 53 38 71 53 34 63

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 76 55 73 75 48 64

100 workers or more .............................................. 87 71 81 86 61 70

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 84 66 78 84 57 69

500 workers or more .......................................... 92 77 85 90 65 72

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 69 54 78 68 47 68

New England ..................................................... 71 54 77 71 47 67

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 69 54 79 68 46 68

South ..................................................................... 69 51 73 69 44 64

South Atlantic .................................................... 71 52 73 70 45 64

East South Central ............................................ 68 50 73 68 44 66

West South Central ........................................... 68 49 72 67 43 63

Midwest ................................................................. 71 55 78 71 48 67

East North Central ............................................. 72 56 79 71 49 69

West North Central ............................................ 70 53 75 70 45 64

West ...................................................................... 73 59 80 73 51 70

Mountain ............................................................ 73 58 80 72 52 71

Pacific ................................................................ 74 59 80 73 51 70

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 private industry workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Dental care Vision care Outpatient prescription drug

coverage

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

Information ......................................................... 67 55 82 53 41 76 83 62 75

Financial activities ............................................. 64 51 79 33 25 76 87 65 74

Finance and insurance .................................. 72 58 80 35 27 77 92 69 75

Credit intermediation and related activities 80 64 80 41 31 76 96 72 75

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 62 48 78 31 23 77 88 65 74

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 39 29 75 26 20 74 71 51 71

Professional and business services .................. 43 34 79 31 25 79 72 51 71

Professional and technical services .............. 58 46 80 43 35 81 87 63 73

Administrative and waste services ................ 21 16 75 19 14 75 48 31 64

Education and health services ........................... 42 31 74 22 16 74 74 46 62

Educational services ...................................... 45 34 76 26 16 64 75 49 66

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 59 44 74 33 20 60 89 58 65

Health care and social assistance ................. 41 30 73 22 16 76 74 45 61

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 12 7 59 9 6 62 32 12 38

Accommodation and food services ................ 10 6 57 8 5 59 31 10 33

Other services ................................................... 31 23 75 17 15 89 50 36 72

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 27 21 75 18 14 78 56 35 63

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 24 18 73 17 13 78 52 33 63

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 40 31 78 24 18 76 73 46 63

100 workers or more .............................................. 57 46 80 36 29 81 85 60 70

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 49 38 78 31 25 81 82 57 69

500 workers or more .......................................... 68 55 81 43 35 81 89 64 72

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 41 33 79 25 20 80 66 45 68

New England ..................................................... 40 31 76 15 12 81 66 45 67

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 42 33 80 28 22 80 66 45 68

South ..................................................................... 33 25 75 21 16 75 68 44 64

South Atlantic .................................................... 34 26 75 21 16 74 69 45 64

East South Central ............................................ 27 20 75 19 15 78 67 44 66

West South Central ........................................... 33 25 75 22 16 74 67 42 64

Midwest ................................................................. 44 34 78 27 21 80 69 46 67

East North Central ............................................. 44 35 79 28 22 79 70 48 69

West North Central ............................................ 45 34 76 24 19 81 67 42 62

West ...................................................................... 48 38 80 34 28 84 72 50 70

Mountain ............................................................ 44 35 78 25 21 84 71 51 71

Pacific ................................................................ 50 40 80 37 31 84 72 50 70

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Healthcare is a collective term for the following benefits: medical, dental, and vision care benefits, and outpatient prescription drug coverage. If workers have access to or

participate in at least one of these benefits, they are considered as having access to or participating in healthcare. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 10. Standard errors for healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1

private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Healthcare2 Medical care

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.8 1.1 0.8 1.0 1.1 0.9

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.7 1.1 0.9 0.7 1.1 1.0

Professional and related .................................... 1.1 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.3

Service ................................................................... 2.0 1.6 2.6 2.0 1.6 2.6

Protective service .............................................. 4.8 5.0 4.9 4.8 5.1 6.7

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.1 1.1 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.9

Sales and related ............................................... 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 2.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.6

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.3 2.4 2.5

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.0 2.3 1.9 2.0 2.1 1.8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.6 1.3 0.9 1.6 1.2 1.0

Production ......................................................... 2.1 2.0 1.3 2.1 1.9 1.3

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.4 2.0 1.4 2.4 1.8 1.4

Full time ................................................................. 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 1.1 0.9 3.4 1.2 0.9 3.5

Union ..................................................................... 0.8 1.3 1.3 0.8 1.6 1.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.1 0.9 1.7 1.1 0.9 1.9

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.8 1.4 4.3 1.8 1.3 4.3

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.3

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.0 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.6 1.0 0.8 0.7 1.0 1.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.8 1.1 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.9

Construction ...................................................... 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.7

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.5 1.5 0.9 1.4 1.5 0.9

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.0

Wholesale trade ............................................. 1.4 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.6 1.6

Retail trade .................................................... 1.9 1.3 1.2 1.8 1.2 1.4

Transportation and warehousing ................... 2.7 2.6 2.1 2.6 2.5 1.6

Utilities ........................................................... 0.5 1.6 1.6 0.4 1.9 1.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Standard errors for healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 private industry workers, 

March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Dental care Vision care Outpatient prescription drug

coverage

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.4 1.2 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1 0.9

Management, business, and financial ............... 2.0 1.8 1.3 1.6 1.4 1.2 0.8 1.1 1.1

Professional and related .................................... 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.3

Service ................................................................... 1.4 1.2 3.1 1.3 1.1 4.3 2.0 1.5 2.5

Protective service .............................................. 7.1 6.6 3.8 7.3 5.7 8.3 6.5 5.7 7.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.5 1.2 1.1 0.9

Sales and related ............................................... 1.0 0.9 1.6 1.2 1.0 2.1 1.7 1.6 2.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.7 1.2 1.2 0.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.0 1.6 1.4 1.8 1.6 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.6

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.5 2.2 2.3 2.0 1.9 2.7 2.3 2.2 2.4

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.3 1.8 1.9 2.4 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.2 1.8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.6 1.3 1.1 1.8 1.5 0.9 1.6 1.2 1.0

Production ......................................................... 2.4 1.8 1.2 3.2 2.9 1.2 2.2 2.1 1.3

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.5 2.3 1.7 1.9 1.6 1.4 2.3 1.7 1.4

Full time ................................................................. 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 0.8 0.8 4.0 0.8 0.8 4.9 1.1 0.9 3.4

Union ..................................................................... 3.2 3.1 1.3 3.0 2.9 1.7 1.3 1.7 1.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.8 0.6 1.7 0.7 0.5 3.2 1.0 0.8 1.9

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.1 0.8 6.6 0.8 0.5 7.4 1.7 1.2 4.3

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.3

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.5 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.3 1.2 0.9 1.4 1.3 1.0 0.7 1.0 1.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.2 2.0 1.1 2.1 2.1 1.5 0.9 1.1 1.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.7 1.4 0.9 1.6 1.4 0.9 1.2 1.2 0.9

Construction ...................................................... 2.6 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.6 2.0 1.9 1.7

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.7 1.3 0.9 2.4 2.1 0.7 1.7 1.6 0.8

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.6 1.3 0.7 1.6 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.0

Wholesale trade ............................................. 2.9 2.3 1.8 3.2 2.8 2.3 1.6 1.7 1.6

Retail trade .................................................... 1.2 0.8 1.5 1.2 1.0 2.1 1.7 1.1 1.3

Transportation and warehousing ................... 4.2 3.5 1.6 3.4 2.9 2.2 2.5 2.4 1.6

Utilities ........................................................... 3.8 3.7 1.4 4.8 4.4 1.5 0.5 2.0 2.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Standard errors for healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1

private industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Healthcare2 Medical care

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate

Information ......................................................... 2.9 2.7 1.4 2.9 3.0 2.1

Financial activities ............................................. 1.7 1.7 0.8 1.8 1.7 1.0

Finance and insurance .................................. 0.6 0.9 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.8

Credit intermediation and related activities 0.7 1.1 1.0 0.6 1.2 1.2

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 1.6 1.5 1.0 1.6 1.6 1.5

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 6.1 4.9 2.3 6.1 5.0 2.7

Professional and business services .................. 2.3 2.3 1.2 2.3 1.9 1.4

Professional and technical services .............. 1.8 2.3 1.7 1.8 2.3 2.1

Administrative and waste services ................ 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.1 2.9 3.2

Education and health services ........................... 2.0 2.1 1.6 2.1 2.1 1.7

Educational services ...................................... 3.3 3.0 2.4 3.5 2.9 2.4

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.9 2.0 1.3 1.9 1.7 1.1

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.3 2.3 1.8 2.4 2.3 1.9

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 2.7 1.4 4.3 2.7 1.4 3.4

Accommodation and food services ................ 3.1 1.6 5.4 3.1 1.6 4.5

Other services ................................................... 2.8 2.8 3.1 2.8 2.7 3.4

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.1 1.2 1.6

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.2 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.9 1.0 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.2 1.3 0.8 1.5 1.1 0.8

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.1

New England ..................................................... 3.7 3.8 1.9 3.7 3.3 1.8

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.4

South ..................................................................... 1.3 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.1

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.6 1.9 1.5 1.6 2.0 1.7

East South Central ............................................ 3.1 2.0 3.2 3.1 2.1 2.0

West South Central ........................................... 2.6 3.0 2.0 2.6 2.6 1.7

Midwest ................................................................. 1.4 1.7 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.0

East North Central ............................................. 1.4 1.8 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.1

West North Central ............................................ 3.3 3.7 1.9 3.4 3.5 2.3

West ...................................................................... 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.9 1.6

Mountain ............................................................ 2.6 2.9 3.1 2.5 2.6 2.2

Pacific ................................................................ 1.8 2.2 2.0 1.8 2.5 2.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Standard errors for healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 private industry workers, 

March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Dental care Vision care Outpatient prescription drug

coverage

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

Information ......................................................... 3.5 3.1 2.0 3.7 3.3 2.6 3.3 3.3 2.2

Financial activities ............................................. 1.7 1.5 0.9 1.7 1.5 1.2 1.8 1.7 0.9

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.8 1.7 0.9 1.8 1.5 1.2 0.6 0.9 0.8

Credit intermediation and related activities 2.0 1.8 1.1 2.5 2.2 1.8 0.8 1.1 1.2

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 2.9 2.5 1.2 2.9 2.4 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.5

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 4.9 4.0 3.3 5.1 3.8 3.9 6.0 4.9 2.7

Professional and business services .................. 2.5 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.3 2.6 2.2 1.9 1.5

Professional and technical services .............. 3.7 2.6 3.0 5.0 5.1 3.5 2.0 2.5 2.2

Administrative and waste services ................ 3.4 2.6 4.0 3.2 2.5 3.6 3.2 2.9 3.2

Education and health services ........................... 2.4 2.0 1.9 1.4 1.3 2.9 2.1 2.0 1.7

Educational services ...................................... 3.5 3.2 2.3 2.6 1.9 3.2 3.5 3.0 2.5

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.9 2.8 2.0 1.7 1.3 1.7 2.1 1.8 1.1

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.7 2.3 2.1 1.5 1.4 3.3 2.4 2.2 1.9

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 1.3 0.9 6.4 1.5 0.9 7.6 2.7 1.4 3.3

Accommodation and food services ................ 1.6 1.0 8.2 1.7 0.9 9.2 3.1 1.6 4.5

Other services ................................................... 3.9 2.8 5.3 3.6 3.1 3.6 2.9 2.9 3.5

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.0 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.6 1.0 1.0 1.3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.2 0.8 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.9 1.2 1.1 1.6

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.7 2.4 1.9 1.9 1.5 2.4 2.1 2.0 1.9

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.3 1.1 0.7 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.9 1.6 1.0 1.9 1.5 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.1 1.6 1.0 1.9 1.4 1.1 1.5 1.1 0.8

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.8 1.6 1.6 2.0 1.7 2.2 1.4 1.3 1.3

New England ..................................................... 3.9 3.1 1.8 2.1 1.5 2.3 2.9 2.6 1.8

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.7 1.6 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.8 1.6 1.5 1.6

South ..................................................................... 1.1 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.8 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.1

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.5 1.3 1.0 1.6 1.2 1.9 1.7 2.1 1.7

East South Central ............................................ 2.4 1.7 1.9 1.1 0.9 1.6 3.2 2.0 2.1

West South Central ........................................... 2.1 1.6 1.0 1.6 1.3 2.7 2.7 2.6 1.7

Midwest ................................................................. 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.0

East North Central ............................................. 1.8 1.3 0.8 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.2

West North Central ............................................ 2.5 2.7 3.1 2.4 2.5 3.2 3.0 3.0 2.1

West ...................................................................... 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.6 1.4 1.8 1.5

Mountain ............................................................ 2.6 2.2 1.7 1.6 1.4 3.7 2.4 2.3 2.0

Pacific ................................................................ 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.1 1.4 1.8 1.7 2.3 2.0

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Healthcare is a collective term for the following benefits: medical, dental, and vision care benefits, and outpatient prescription drug coverage. If workers have access to or

participate in at least one of these benefits, they are considered as having access to or participating in healthcare. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 11. Medical care benefits: Share of premiums paid by employer and

employee, private industry workers, March 2021

(In percent)

Characteristics

Single coverage Family coverage

Employer

share

Employee

share

Employer

share

Employee

share

All workers ............................................................. 78 22 66 34

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 79 21 67 33

Management, business, and financial ............... 77 23 66 34

Professional and related .................................... 80 20 68 32

Service ................................................................... 77 23 59 41

Protective service .............................................. 78 22 68 32

Sales and office ..................................................... 78 22 65 35

Sales and related ............................................... 76 24 63 37

Office and administrative support ...................... 79 21 66 34

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 78 22 67 33

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 78 22 69 31

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 77 23 66 34

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 78 22 70 30

Production ......................................................... 78 22 71 29

Transportation and material moving .................. 78 22 68 32

Full time ................................................................. 78 22 66 34

Part time ................................................................ 79 21 68 32

Union ..................................................................... 83 17 81 19

Nonunion ............................................................... 77 23 64 36

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 77 23 60 40

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 75 25 54 46

Second 25 percent ............................................ 77 23 64 36

Third 25 percent ................................................ 78 22 67 33

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 79 21 70 30

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 80 20 70 30

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 78 22 70 30

Construction ...................................................... 76 24 65 35

Manufacturing .................................................... 79 21 73 27

Service-providing industries .................................. 78 22 65 35

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 76 24 66 34

Wholesale trade ............................................. 77 23 65 35

Retail trade .................................................... 73 27 62 38

Transportation and warehousing ................... 78 22 70 30

Utilities ........................................................... 84 16 79 21

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 11. Medical care benefits: Share of premiums paid by employer and

employee, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(In percent)

Characteristics

Single coverage Family coverage

Employer

share

Employee

share

Employer

share

Employee

share

Information ......................................................... 81 19 73 27

Financial activities ............................................. 79 21 70 30

Finance and insurance .................................. 80 20 72 28

Credit intermediation and related activities 80 20 71 29

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 80 20 73 27

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 77 23 60 40

Professional and business services .................. 76 24 64 36

Professional and technical services .............. 78 22 64 36

Administrative and waste services ................ 73 27 60 40

Education and health services ........................... 81 19 64 36

Educational services ...................................... 81 19 65 35

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 81 19 70 30

Health care and social assistance ................. 80 20 63 37

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 78 22 58 42

Accommodation and food services ................ 77 23 60 40

Other services ................................................... 80 20 61 39

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 77 23 60 40

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 77 23 60 40

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 78 22 61 39

100 workers or more .............................................. 79 21 71 29

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 78 22 68 32

500 workers or more .......................................... 80 20 75 25

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 79 21 71 29

New England ..................................................... 77 23 69 31

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 80 20 71 29

South ..................................................................... 77 23 62 38

South Atlantic .................................................... 78 22 63 37

East South Central ............................................ 76 24 63 37

West South Central ........................................... 76 24 61 39

Midwest ................................................................. 78 22 69 31

East North Central ............................................. 78 22 69 31

West North Central ............................................ 78 22 68 32

West ...................................................................... 79 21 66 34

Mountain ............................................................ 77 23 65 35

Pacific ................................................................ 80 20 66 34

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 11. Standard errors for medical care benefits: Share of premiums paid

by employer and employee, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Single coverage Family coverage

Employer

share

Employee

share

Employer

share

Employee

share

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.7

Professional and related .................................... 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.9

Service ................................................................... 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.0

Protective service .............................................. 2.0 2.0 3.6 3.6

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

Sales and related ............................................... 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.9

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.1

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 0.9 0.9 1.6 1.6

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8

Production ......................................................... 0.6 0.6 1.0 1.0

Transportation and material moving .................. 0.7 0.7 1.4 1.4

Full time ................................................................. 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

Part time ................................................................ 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.8

Union ..................................................................... 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.9

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.7 1.7 2.3 2.3

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.9

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8

Construction ...................................................... 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.6

Manufacturing .................................................... 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8

Wholesale trade ............................................. 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.2

Retail trade .................................................... 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.9

Transportation and warehousing ................... 1.0 1.0 1.8 1.8

Utilities ........................................................... 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 11. Standard errors for medical care benefits: Share of premiums paid

by employer and employee, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Single coverage Family coverage

Employer

share

Employee

share

Employer

share

Employee

share

Information ......................................................... 0.7 0.7 1.5 1.5

Financial activities ............................................. 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6

Finance and insurance .................................. 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5

Credit intermediation and related activities 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 1.5 1.5 2.7 2.7

Professional and business services .................. 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8

Professional and technical services .............. 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.2

Administrative and waste services ................ 0.9 0.9 1.6 1.6

Education and health services ........................... 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.1

Educational services ...................................... 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.8

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.2

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 2.0 2.0 3.0 3.0

Accommodation and food services ................ 2.1 2.1 3.3 3.3

Other services ................................................... 1.6 1.6 2.4 2.4

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.9

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7

New England ..................................................... 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.9

South ..................................................................... 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9

East South Central ............................................ 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.5

West South Central ........................................... 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.0

Midwest ................................................................. 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7

East North Central ............................................. 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7

West North Central ............................................ 0.9 0.9 1.3 1.3

West ...................................................................... 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7

Mountain ............................................................ 1.1 1.1 1.7 1.7

Pacific ................................................................ 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms"

at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 12. Medical care benefits, single coverage: Employer and employee premiums by employee

contribution requirement, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers with single coverage medical care benefits = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Total Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

All workers ............................................................. 100 $475.69 11 $620.47 89 $458.63 $147.12

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 100 483.74 8 611.70 92 471.97 144.32

Management, business, and financial ............... 100 487.60 8 657.82 92 472.77 156.35

Professional and related .................................... 100 481.12 9 582.93 91 471.42 136.11

Service ................................................................... 100 465.13 16 543.11 84 450.80 158.61

Protective service .............................................. 100 487.00 – – – – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 100 475.95 9 658.49 91 457.84 145.27

Sales and related ............................................... 100 443.44 8 595.97 92 430.67 149.89

Office and administrative support ...................... 100 491.92 10 683.04 90 471.48 142.95

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 100 473.42 15 624.16 85 445.86 156.16

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 100 463.07 18 630.91 82 425.10 154.09

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 100 484.17 12 613.69 88 465.93 158.16

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 100 466.12 11 652.94 89 442.61 144.19

Production ......................................................... 100 461.41 8 601.85 92 449.00 140.26

Transportation and material moving .................. 100 471.29 15 684.21 85 435.07 148.82

Full time ................................................................. 100 474.46 10 613.79 90 459.03 147.01

Part time ................................................................ 100 495.42 20 674.45 80 451.40 149.09

Union ..................................................................... 100 588.10 23 728.45 77 546.27 162.47

Nonunion ............................................................... 100 459.19 9 578.74 91 447.78 145.22

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 100 446.93 10 599.90 90 430.64 148.85

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 100 425.32 14 572.38 86 401.74 158.85

Second 25 percent ............................................ 100 463.46 10 582.38 90 450.49 149.28

Third 25 percent ................................................ 100 473.95 11 618.90 89 456.83 145.72

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 100 496.73 11 651.50 89 476.90 146.14

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 100 499.54 12 652.37 88 479.59 141.50

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 100 463.48 12 597.47 88 445.56 145.79

Construction ...................................................... 100 451.29 20 609.40 80 411.87 165.36

Manufacturing .................................................... 100 469.76 8 591.15 92 459.35 139.95

Service-providing industries .................................. 100 479.24 10 628.21 90 462.36 147.49

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 100 461.92 11 684.29 89 435.58 155.15

Wholesale trade ............................................. 100 444.25 10 540.17 90 434.01 146.62

Retail trade .................................................... 100 434.64 7 688.63 93 416.53 168.15

Transportation and warehousing ................... 100 496.23 16 760.38 84 444.66 149.70

Utilities ........................................................... 100 585.80 11 662.88 89 576.10 121.79

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. Medical care benefits, single coverage: Employer and employee premiums by employee

contribution requirement, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with single coverage medical care benefits = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Total Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

Information ......................................................... 100 $486.20 13 $554.36 87 $475.71 $128.64

Financial activities ............................................. 100 490.41 6 615.44 94 482.80 135.16

Finance and insurance .................................. 100 481.34 5 618.40 95 474.45 126.04

Credit intermediation and related activities 100 482.36 4 579.43 96 478.38 127.18

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 100 480.50 5 658.03 95 471.76 124.21

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 100 530.06 – – – – –

Professional and business services .................. 100 462.62 9 596.01 91 449.11 157.85

Professional and technical services .............. 100 463.89 11 608.63 89 446.18 143.10

Administrative and waste services ................ 100 431.61 8 542.90 92 421.50 176.30

Education and health services ........................... 100 502.97 9 556.60 91 497.39 137.26

Educational services ...................................... 100 541.31 10 572.46 90 537.66 143.47

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 100 574.75 4 577.35 96 574.65 146.39

Health care and social assistance ................. 100 497.15 9 553.88 91 491.37 136.33

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 100 474.85 18 708.34 82 424.38 143.19

Accommodation and food services ................ 100 460.33 – – – – –

Other services ................................................... 100 517.78 26 725.31 74 446.81 169.58

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 100 459.49 14 603.99 86 436.98 151.60

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 100 454.83 14 596.43 86 431.17 153.66

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 100 471.72 11 629.18 89 451.71 146.36

100 workers or more .............................................. 100 488.42 8 641.69 92 474.67 143.80

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 100 475.05 8 617.68 92 462.58 145.22

500 workers or more .......................................... 100 504.06 8 668.40 92 488.88 142.13

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 100 510.61 12 647.44 88 492.40 153.08

New England ..................................................... 100 507.89 8 603.78 92 500.08 171.53

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 100 511.62 13 656.70 87 489.32 145.69

South ..................................................................... 100 453.47 9 546.49 91 444.23 148.77

South Atlantic .................................................... 100 459.57 11 526.58 89 451.49 146.05

East South Central ............................................ 100 436.28 6 694.08 94 420.16 147.53

West South Central ........................................... 100 450.71 7 540.92 93 443.54 154.45

Midwest ................................................................. 100 471.65 9 673.76 91 451.73 145.05

East North Central ............................................. 100 471.87 10 683.48 90 448.85 148.71

West North Central ............................................ 100 471.14 7 642.92 93 458.11 136.95

West ...................................................................... 100 483.08 13 636.13 87 459.88 142.25

Mountain ............................................................ 100 475.96 10 644.30 90 456.51 150.58

Pacific ................................................................ 100 486.03 14 633.69 86 461.35 138.64

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above

and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 12. Standard errors for medical care benefits, single coverage: Employer and employee

premiums by employee contribution requirement, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

All workers ............................................................. $3.00 0.6 $16.29 0.6 $3.04 $1.94

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 4.65 0.8 28.50 0.8 4.55 2.72

Management, business, and financial ............... 7.07 1.1 56.51 1.1 6.82 3.03

Professional and related .................................... 6.09 0.9 29.05 0.9 6.20 3.42

Service ................................................................... 14.28 4.1 76.08 4.1 11.22 7.54

Protective service .............................................. 19.96 – – – – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 3.76 1.1 15.16 1.1 4.11 3.08

Sales and related ............................................... 7.30 1.5 27.21 1.5 7.88 5.20

Office and administrative support ...................... 4.74 1.1 19.75 1.1 4.51 3.14

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 8.36 1.6 24.57 1.6 8.54 5.22

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 13.57 2.8 28.58 2.8 13.53 7.63

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 11.61 1.6 56.74 1.6 11.02 5.22

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 8.20 1.0 21.40 1.0 8.37 3.30

Production ......................................................... 8.72 1.2 26.26 1.2 8.22 4.62

Transportation and material moving .................. 11.96 1.8 30.15 1.8 12.66 3.87

Full time ................................................................. 3.25 0.6 16.80 0.6 3.19 2.00

Part time ................................................................ 20.04 5.2 34.84 5.2 13.80 6.75

Union ..................................................................... 9.08 2.3 15.56 2.3 8.32 6.15

Nonunion ............................................................... 3.24 0.6 20.42 0.6 3.29 2.06

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 8.46 1.2 54.85 1.2 6.87 4.26

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 21.70 2.7 76.91 2.7 21.74 9.44

Second 25 percent ............................................ 6.27 1.8 41.29 1.8 5.12 3.84

Third 25 percent ................................................ 5.27 0.8 12.89 0.8 5.13 2.92

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 4.72 0.8 20.81 0.8 4.52 2.34

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 8.64 1.3 36.81 1.3 6.71 3.34

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 5.50 1.0 11.51 1.0 6.26 3.27

Construction ...................................................... 10.56 2.6 16.23 2.6 11.54 5.00

Manufacturing .................................................... 6.52 1.0 17.46 1.0 6.43 3.93

Service-providing industries .................................. 3.52 0.8 21.47 0.8 3.50 2.28

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 5.63 1.0 21.68 1.0 5.43 3.74

Wholesale trade ............................................. 7.44 1.5 21.67 1.5 7.28 6.44

Retail trade .................................................... 5.84 1.0 43.18 1.0 5.22 4.67

Transportation and warehousing ................... 18.29 2.3 42.47 2.3 19.03 6.49

Utilities ........................................................... 19.57 3.2 47.73 3.2 19.87 8.39

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. Standard errors for medical care benefits, single coverage: Employer and employee

premiums by employee contribution requirement, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

Information ......................................................... $6.58 2.4 $32.26 2.4 $7.11 $5.21

Financial activities ............................................. 6.23 0.9 47.55 0.9 5.27 3.10

Finance and insurance .................................. 3.28 0.6 40.92 0.6 3.84 1.72

Credit intermediation and related activities 4.83 0.8 54.93 0.8 4.85 2.46

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 5.60 1.0 59.22 1.0 6.43 3.25

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 27.90 – – – – –

Professional and business services .................. 9.70 1.8 43.44 1.8 8.70 2.94

Professional and technical services .............. 16.17 2.8 58.96 2.8 13.39 3.66

Administrative and waste services ................ 17.16 1.5 65.80 1.5 15.94 9.05

Education and health services ........................... 7.53 2.1 64.46 2.1 8.96 6.09

Educational services ...................................... 10.95 2.7 37.10 2.7 11.50 9.38

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 8.77 0.9 29.81 0.9 8.91 5.54

Health care and social assistance ................. 8.43 2.4 75.23 2.4 10.21 6.85

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 27.65 4.7 85.35 4.7 25.07 7.79

Accommodation and food services ................ 22.63 – – – – –

Other services ................................................... 35.93 4.5 110.03 4.5 16.74 14.33

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 4.80 1.0 26.80 1.0 5.00 3.18

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 6.50 1.3 34.15 1.3 5.86 4.36

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 10.98 1.4 32.92 1.4 11.63 5.84

100 workers or more .............................................. 3.94 0.8 16.24 0.8 3.97 2.11

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 6.34 0.8 16.33 0.8 6.24 2.62

500 workers or more .......................................... 6.04 1.3 27.09 1.3 5.54 3.25

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 5.75 1.9 20.89 1.9 7.05 3.89

New England ..................................................... 13.73 1.6 29.15 1.6 15.36 8.84

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 6.21 2.6 23.05 2.6 8.51 4.05

South ..................................................................... 5.42 0.9 41.12 0.9 5.10 3.51

South Atlantic .................................................... 7.26 1.5 56.33 1.5 6.58 4.54

East South Central ............................................ 10.96 0.7 105.34 0.7 11.71 11.36

West South Central ........................................... 10.38 1.2 39.71 1.2 9.78 5.47

Midwest ................................................................. 6.56 0.8 21.58 0.8 7.28 3.77

East North Central ............................................. 6.88 1.1 22.89 1.1 7.11 4.96

West North Central ............................................ 14.73 1.5 48.99 1.5 17.34 5.79

West ...................................................................... 6.12 1.4 19.63 1.4 5.53 4.20

Mountain ............................................................ 9.45 1.6 31.18 1.6 9.91 10.43

Pacific ................................................................ 7.69 1.8 24.08 1.8 6.64 3.79

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with

earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related

terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 13. Medical care benefits, single coverage: Employee participation by

type of employee contribution, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers with contributory coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Single coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies1

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other2

All workers ............................................................. 75 15 9 1

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 73 15 11 2

Management, business, and financial ............... 73 16 9 2

Professional and related .................................... 72 14 12 1

Service ................................................................... 80 – 10 –

Protective service .............................................. 88 8 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 68 23 9 1

Sales and related ............................................... 64 27 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 69 21 9 1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 83 8 8 1

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 89 5 5 2

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 77 – 12 –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 80 11 – –

Production ......................................................... 78 13 – –

Transportation and material moving .................. 83 9 – –

Full time ................................................................. 74 15 9 1

Part time ................................................................ 79 12 – –

Union ..................................................................... 78 5 15 2

Nonunion ............................................................... 74 16 9 1

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 78 16 – –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 84 6 – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 74 16 9 1

Third 25 percent ................................................ 76 14 9 1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 72 15 11 2

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 71 15 11 2

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 80 11 8 1

Construction ...................................................... 86 7 – –

Manufacturing .................................................... 77 13 – –

Service-providing industries .................................. 73 16 10 1

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 73 18 9 4 ( )

Wholesale trade ............................................. 81 10 – –

Retail trade .................................................... 61 30 – –

Transportation and warehousing ................... 79 12 – –

Utilities ........................................................... 76 – 16 –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 13. Medical care benefits, single coverage: Employee participation by

type of employee contribution, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers with contributory coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Single coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies1

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other2

Information ......................................................... 68 15 – –

Financial activities ............................................. 56 33 10 1

Finance and insurance .................................. 49 38 11 2

Credit intermediation and related activities 47 44 – –

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 53 28 15 4

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 87 – – –

Professional and business services .................. 78 8 12 2

Professional and technical services .............. 79 6 – –

Administrative and waste services ................ 89 – 7 –

Education and health services ........................... 77 15 7 1

Educational services ...................................... 73 19 6 2

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 63 29 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 78 15 – –

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 71 9 – –

Accommodation and food services ................ 65 – – –

Other services ................................................... 83 – – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 78 11 10 1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 75 13 11 1

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 86 – 7 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 72 18 9 1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 78 15 6 1

500 workers or more .......................................... 65 21 12 2

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 77 12 11 1

New England ..................................................... 78 – 11 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 76 13 – –

South ..................................................................... 75 17 8 1

South Atlantic .................................................... 74 19 7 1

East South Central ............................................ 76 18 6 –

West South Central ........................................... 76 15 9 1

Midwest ................................................................. 70 17 11 1

East North Central ............................................. 74 15 10 1

West North Central ............................................ 63 23 – –

West ...................................................................... 77 12 9 2

Mountain ............................................................ 79 13 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 77 11 – –

1 Based on worker attributes. For example, employee contributions may vary based on earnings, length of service,

or age. 2 Includes contribution types not separately published such as composite rates, flexible benefits, and percent of

earnings. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021. 4 Less than 0.5.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category

or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 13. Standard errors for medical care benefits, single coverage:

Employee participation by type of employee contribution, private industry

workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Single coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies1

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other2

All workers ............................................................. 1.1 0.8 0.9 0.2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.8 1.3 1.4 0.4

Management, business, and financial ............... 2.1 1.5 1.1 0.6

Professional and related .................................... 2.4 1.8 2.1 0.4

Service ................................................................... 2.6 – 2.3 –

Protective service .............................................. 3.0 2.5 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.7 1.4 1.1 0.1

Sales and related ............................................... 2.8 2.2 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.6 1.3 1.3 0.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.4 1.0 1.0 0.5

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.7 1.1 1.2 1.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.1 – 1.7 –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.3 1.4 – –

Production ......................................................... 1.8 2.0 – –

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.9 1.7 – –

Full time ................................................................. 1.1 0.8 0.9 0.2

Part time ................................................................ 2.4 1.8 – –

Union ..................................................................... 3.1 0.8 3.2 0.7

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.2

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2.1 1.9 – –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 3.7 1.8 – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.8 1.4 1.3 0.4

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.3 0.9 1.1 0.1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.5 1.1 1.2 0.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.6 1.8 1.5 0.8

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.1 1.3 1.3 0.4

Construction ...................................................... 2.3 1.5 – –

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.5 1.9 – –

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.3 0.9 1.0 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.6 1.3 1.5 0.1

Wholesale trade ............................................. 2.7 1.9 – –

Retail trade .................................................... 2.1 2.0 – –

Transportation and warehousing ................... 4.2 2.9 – –

Utilities ........................................................... 4.4 – 3.6 –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 13. Standard errors for medical care benefits, single coverage:

Employee participation by type of employee contribution, private industry

workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Single coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies1

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other2

Information ......................................................... 4.8 4.2 – –

Financial activities ............................................. 1.8 1.7 1.2 0.3

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.7 1.6 1.3 0.3

Credit intermediation and related activities 2.4 2.6 – –

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 2.3 2.7 2.1 1.0

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 5.3 – – –

Professional and business services .................. 3.7 2.3 3.2 0.7

Professional and technical services .............. 4.9 2.3 – –

Administrative and waste services ................ 3.3 – 2.7 –

Education and health services ........................... 2.5 2.6 1.1 0.2

Educational services ...................................... 3.1 1.8 1.9 0.5

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.3 3.1 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.9 3.0 – –

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 7.7 2.8 – –

Accommodation and food services ................ 9.3 – – –

Other services ................................................... 5.5 – – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.6 0.9 1.5 0.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.0 1.1 1.9 0.3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.0 – 1.5 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.3

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.3 1.4 0.7 0.2

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.0 1.6 1.7 0.6

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.7 1.4 2.3 0.3

New England ..................................................... 2.3 – 2.8 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 3.9 1.7 – –

South ..................................................................... 1.4 0.9 1.1 0.2

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.5 1.3 1.4 0.4

East South Central ............................................ 4.0 3.0 2.1 –

West South Central ........................................... 2.8 1.3 2.1 0.2

Midwest ................................................................. 2.1 2.2 1.3 0.3

East North Central ............................................. 2.6 3.1 1.6 0.4

West North Central ............................................ 3.5 2.6 – –

West ...................................................................... 3.0 1.5 2.6 0.6

Mountain ............................................................ 3.6 3.3 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 3.9 1.7 – –

1 Based on worker attributes. For example, employee contributions may vary based on earnings, length of service,

or age. 2 Includes contribution types not separately published such as composite rates, flexible benefits, and percent of

earnings. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 14. Medical care benefits, family coverage: Employer and employee premiums by employee

contribution requirement, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers with family coverage medical care benefits = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Total Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

All workers ............................................................. 100 $1,174.00 5 $1,761.82 95 $1,144.15 $601.59

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 100 1,192.72 3 1,635.51 97 1,177.09 598.94

Management, business, and financial ............... 100 1,229.07 2 1,612.49 98 1,220.15 634.49

Professional and related .................................... 100 1,168.22 4 1,643.96 96 1,147.50 574.52

Service ................................................................... 100 1,052.21 5 1,845.08 95 1,010.08 705.96

Protective service .............................................. 100 1,326.10 – – – – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 100 1,158.21 3 1,837.66 97 1,138.81 615.59

Sales and related ............................................... 100 1,081.06 3 1,722.53 97 1,063.79 636.59

Office and administrative support ...................... 100 1,196.27 3 1,889.88 97 1,175.91 605.21

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 100 1,181.89 10 1,758.62 90 1,120.76 585.23

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 100 1,163.99 11 1,848.96 89 1,078.78 546.75

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 100 1,200.05 8 1,633.23 92 1,161.95 622.99

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 100 1,223.25 8 1,813.44 92 1,173.48 532.91

Production ......................................................... 100 1,245.88 5 1,734.16 95 1,218.25 508.35

Transportation and material moving .................. 100 1,197.73 11 1,859.02 89 1,120.09 562.20

Full time ................................................................. 100 1,171.78 4 1,752.87 96 1,145.26 602.17

Part time ................................................................ 100 1,210.64 13 1,813.07 87 1,124.06 591.05

Union ..................................................................... 100 1,561.66 20 1,886.62 80 1,482.80 437.46

Nonunion ............................................................... 100 1,116.31 3 1,624.74 97 1,102.49 621.78

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 100 1,028.64 2 1,681.66 98 1,012.12 657.76

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 100 918.96 2 1,469.15 98 908.68 737.56

Second 25 percent ............................................ 100 1,110.07 5 1,766.57 95 1,078.17 625.58

Third 25 percent ................................................ 100 1,192.87 5 1,709.91 95 1,168.50 593.94

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 100 1,256.23 6 1,804.23 94 1,220.38 569.64

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 100 1,258.07 5 1,759.85 95 1,229.76 571.84

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 100 1,218.37 7 1,699.65 93 1,182.52 526.43

Construction ...................................................... 100 1,081.64 11 1,778.29 89 996.21 605.69

Manufacturing .................................................... 100 1,278.52 5 1,621.05 95 1,260.03 495.47

Service-providing industries .................................. 100 1,161.22 4 1,791.18 96 1,133.41 622.63

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 100 1,140.80 7 1,874.72 93 1,086.14 591.13

Wholesale trade ............................................. 100 1,083.32 4 1,516.42 96 1,064.10 599.59

Retail trade .................................................... 100 1,031.04 4 1,873.76 96 998.17 630.18

Transportation and warehousing ................... 100 1,282.39 14 1,980.36 86 1,172.85 548.13

Utilities ........................................................... 100 1,585.24 8 1,882.67 92 1,557.98 421.98

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 14. Medical care benefits, family coverage: Employer and employee premiums by employee

contribution requirement, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with family coverage medical care benefits = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Total Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

Information ......................................................... 100 $1,285.96 8 $1,600.08 92 $1,259.79 $509.71

Financial activities ............................................. 100 1,276.25 2 1,920.77 98 1,260.02 565.74

Finance and insurance .................................. 100 1,276.23 2 1,909.15 98 1,260.85 509.41

Credit intermediation and related activities 100 1,258.95 2 1,919.78 98 1,247.39 527.66

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 100 1,289.95 2 1,859.22 98 1,276.53 496.76

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 100 1,276.36 – – – – –

Professional and business services .................. 100 1,148.71 2 1,591.49 98 1,138.17 658.34

Professional and technical services .............. 100 1,112.65 3 1,502.22 97 1,100.34 641.81

Administrative and waste services ................ 100 1,087.20 2 1,888.28 98 1,069.71 695.81

Education and health services ........................... 100 1,129.60 3 1,900.03 97 1,109.25 629.19

Educational services ...................................... 100 1,216.22 – – – – –

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 100 1,385.92 – – – – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 100 1,116.51 – – – – –

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 100 1,073.96 7 1,576.70 93 1,036.31 752.23

Accommodation and food services ................ 100 1,074.80 – – – – –

Other services ................................................... 100 1,174.03 9 1,618.69 91 1,133.61 802.44

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 100 1,039.37 5 1,715.30 95 1,007.25 677.72

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 100 1,025.93 4 1,697.76 96 995.22 671.98

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 100 1,074.62 5 1,755.77 95 1,039.00 692.87

100 workers or more .............................................. 100 1,279.73 5 1,794.52 95 1,252.26 541.47

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 100 1,207.55 4 1,751.79 96 1,185.79 577.89

500 workers or more .......................................... 100 1,363.39 6 1,823.90 94 1,331.47 498.06

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 100 1,301.03 7 1,781.55 93 1,266.29 564.82

New England ..................................................... 100 1,322.52 4 1,632.07 96 1,308.69 593.47

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 100 1,293.12 8 1,812.33 92 1,250.11 553.88

South ..................................................................... 100 1,072.90 2 1,744.33 98 1,057.43 641.56

South Atlantic .................................................... 100 1,086.27 2 1,677.87 98 1,072.17 635.78

East South Central ............................................ 100 1,034.87 2 1,935.59 98 1,016.19 606.07

West South Central ........................................... 100 1,065.53 2 1,794.07 98 1,049.06 669.83

Midwest ................................................................. 100 1,218.35 6 1,869.45 94 1,175.68 572.15

East North Central ............................................. 100 1,223.90 7 1,867.97 93 1,176.50 570.09

West North Central ............................................ 100 1,206.19 5 1,874.30 95 1,173.92 576.56

West ...................................................................... 100 1,169.94 6 1,640.48 94 1,142.19 601.83

Mountain ............................................................ 100 1,118.45 6 1,622.45 94 1,088.15 611.50

Pacific ................................................................ 100 1,191.29 6 1,648.15 94 1,164.56 597.83

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above

and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 14. Standard errors for medical care benefits, family coverage: Employer and employee

premiums by employee contribution requirement, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

All workers ............................................................. $10.39 0.3 $50.33 0.3 $11.01 $7.27

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 16.31 0.5 75.96 0.5 16.27 11.68

Management, business, and financial ............... 18.72 0.5 131.74 0.5 19.55 13.91

Professional and related .................................... 24.10 0.7 78.50 0.7 23.59 15.32

Service ................................................................... 49.54 2.2 225.06 2.2 44.11 31.87

Protective service .............................................. 86.42 – – – – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 17.26 0.4 82.33 0.4 18.54 9.62

Sales and related ............................................... 53.39 0.5 111.13 0.5 55.26 18.61

Office and administrative support ...................... 18.53 0.4 101.34 0.4 19.04 10.90

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 26.27 1.2 89.93 1.2 27.03 20.44

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 39.27 1.7 69.21 1.7 40.28 25.41

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 37.87 1.5 189.16 1.5 37.92 25.67

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 23.90 1.1 79.38 1.1 25.20 13.78

Production ......................................................... 25.57 1.3 92.77 1.3 26.10 16.26

Transportation and material moving .................. 38.11 1.8 101.71 1.8 41.13 19.44

Full time ................................................................. 11.24 0.3 50.06 0.3 11.69 7.79

Part time ................................................................ 50.41 3.4 175.22 3.4 41.62 23.02

Union ..................................................................... 23.56 2.1 69.92 2.1 23.99 15.87

Nonunion ............................................................... 11.77 0.3 63.70 0.3 12.05 7.40

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 25.81 0.5 65.11 0.5 26.19 20.85

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 48.46 0.9 80.97 0.9 48.20 47.35

Second 25 percent ............................................ 19.24 1.1 112.71 1.1 19.30 14.57

Third 25 percent ................................................ 20.13 0.6 69.54 0.6 20.57 11.42

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 15.33 0.5 60.25 0.5 16.21 10.64

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 22.34 0.8 99.69 0.8 22.21 18.52

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 18.72 0.7 67.78 0.7 20.90 12.72

Construction ...................................................... 40.09 2.1 84.38 2.1 37.62 18.85

Manufacturing .................................................... 19.61 1.2 66.07 1.2 20.50 12.33

Service-providing industries .................................. 12.35 0.4 64.34 0.4 12.90 8.67

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 18.43 0.9 81.55 0.9 20.12 14.32

Wholesale trade ............................................. 23.72 1.2 137.98 1.2 21.36 25.47

Retail trade .................................................... 18.58 0.9 70.34 0.9 18.83 15.37

Transportation and warehousing ................... 55.51 2.3 139.36 2.3 64.49 29.64

Utilities ........................................................... 42.73 3.0 87.25 3.0 47.51 37.22

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 14. Standard errors for medical care benefits, family coverage: Employer and employee

premiums by employee contribution requirement, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

Information ......................................................... $35.79 1.7 $101.60 1.7 $36.51 $23.86

Financial activities ............................................. 19.19 0.5 241.88 0.5 17.18 13.66

Finance and insurance .................................. 10.95 0.5 200.92 0.5 12.82 9.04

Credit intermediation and related activities 16.08 0.6 394.39 0.6 15.88 12.24

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 17.74 0.8 237.19 0.8 19.49 14.29

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 92.71 – – – – –

Professional and business services .................. 33.78 0.7 148.81 0.7 34.48 15.61

Professional and technical services .............. 48.97 1.1 185.01 1.1 50.57 19.64

Administrative and waste services ................ 59.88 0.8 285.35 0.8 54.80 43.17

Education and health services ........................... 35.35 1.2 163.78 1.2 36.76 23.26

Educational services ...................................... 35.52 – – – – –

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 24.45 – – – – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 40.16 – – – – –

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 61.28 2.8 312.97 2.8 59.66 66.07

Accommodation and food services ................ 57.45 – – – – –

Other services ................................................... 100.96 2.6 481.31 2.6 101.46 41.59

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 18.56 0.5 80.00 0.5 18.32 12.56

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 26.39 0.7 83.25 0.7 25.92 16.48

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 29.43 1.0 149.39 1.0 29.21 21.25

100 workers or more .............................................. 12.35 0.5 67.38 0.5 12.49 7.18

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 18.96 0.6 69.98 0.6 18.36 10.70

500 workers or more .......................................... 15.34 1.2 86.41 1.2 13.81 10.48

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 15.68 1.3 128.52 1.3 19.59 16.03

New England ..................................................... 42.38 1.7 146.69 1.7 45.86 31.79

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 17.93 1.6 149.58 1.6 24.93 17.03

South ..................................................................... 21.02 0.5 93.52 0.5 20.18 13.79

South Atlantic .................................................... 28.97 0.7 88.15 0.7 27.56 18.34

East South Central ............................................ 73.53 0.5 199.64 0.5 78.49 46.14

West South Central ........................................... 26.58 1.0 247.77 1.0 20.96 18.36

Midwest ................................................................. 16.55 0.6 90.19 0.6 19.20 14.75

East North Central ............................................. 13.20 0.7 114.33 0.7 14.78 17.25

West North Central ............................................ 44.61 1.3 95.81 1.3 51.42 27.28

West ...................................................................... 20.93 0.4 81.79 0.4 23.41 14.43

Mountain ............................................................ 41.89 0.7 226.69 0.7 47.88 39.71

Pacific ................................................................ 22.80 0.4 67.56 0.4 25.42 12.09

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with

earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related

terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 15. Medical care benefits, family coverage: Employee participation by

type of employee contribution, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers with contributory coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Family coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies1

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other2

All workers ............................................................. 74 15 10 1

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 73 15 11 2

Management, business, and financial ............... 73 16 9 2

Professional and related .................................... 73 14 12 1

Service ................................................................... 80 – 10 –

Protective service .............................................. 83 9 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 66 22 11 1

Sales and related ............................................... 61 26 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 69 20 10 1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 82 9 9 1

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 89 6 5 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 75 11 12 1

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 79 12 9 3 ( )

Production ......................................................... 78 14 – –

Transportation and material moving .................. 80 11 – –

Full time ................................................................. 73 15 10 1

Part time ................................................................ 78 12 9 3 ( )

Union ..................................................................... 79 – 15 –

Nonunion ............................................................... 73 16 9 1

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 76 16 – –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 82 – 12 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 74 16 9 1

Third 25 percent ................................................ 75 14 11 1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 72 15 11 2

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 72 15 11 2

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 80 11 9 3 ( )

Construction ...................................................... 85 8 – –

Manufacturing .................................................... 77 13 – –

Service-providing industries .................................. 72 16 10 1

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 71 19 – –

Wholesale trade ............................................. 80 10 10 –

Retail trade .................................................... 61 29 – –

Transportation and warehousing ................... 76 13 – –

Utilities ........................................................... 76 – 16 –

Information ......................................................... 69 14 – –

Financial activities ............................................. 55 33 10 2

Finance and insurance .................................. 49 38 11 2

Credit intermediation and related activities 48 44 – –

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 51 28 17 4

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 81 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 15. Medical care benefits, family coverage: Employee participation by

type of employee contribution, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers with contributory coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Family coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies1

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other2

Professional and business services .................. 77 9 12 2

Professional and technical services .............. 78 7 – –

Administrative and waste services ................ 85 – 8 –

Education and health services ........................... 76 15 8 1

Educational services ...................................... 72 18 – –

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 62 29 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 77 14 – –

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 70 8 – –

Accommodation and food services ................ 66 – – –

Other services ................................................... 82 – – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 76 12 11 1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 73 13 13 1

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 84 – 8 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 72 18 9 1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 78 15 6 1

500 workers or more .......................................... 65 21 13 2

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 76 12 11 1

New England ..................................................... 77 – 12 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 76 12 – –

South ..................................................................... 74 17 8 1

South Atlantic .................................................... 74 18 – –

East South Central ............................................ 74 19 – –

West South Central ........................................... 74 15 10 1

Midwest ................................................................. 70 18 12 1

East North Central ............................................. 73 16 11 1

West North Central ............................................ 62 23 – –

West ...................................................................... 75 12 11 2

Mountain ............................................................ 79 13 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 74 11 13 2

1 Based on worker attributes. For example, employee contributions may vary based on earnings, length of service,

or age. 2 Includes contribution types not separately published such as composite rates, flexible benefits, and percent of

earnings. 3 Less than 0.5. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category

or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 15. Standard errors for medical care benefits, family coverage:

Employee participation by type of employee contribution, private industry

workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Family coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies1

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other2

All workers ............................................................. 1.2 0.8 0.9 0.2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.8 1.3 1.4 0.4

Management, business, and financial ............... 2.1 1.5 1.1 0.6

Professional and related .................................... 2.4 1.7 2.1 0.4

Service ................................................................... 2.4 – 2.2 –

Protective service .............................................. 4.4 2.6 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.7 1.3 1.5 0.3

Sales and related ............................................... 3.5 2.3 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.6 1.2 1.3 0.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.5 1.1 1.0 0.3

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.9 1.5 1.4 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.2 1.6 1.7 0.5

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.4 1.5 1.3 3 ( )

Production ......................................................... 1.7 2.1 – –

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.2 1.9 – –

Full time ................................................................. 1.2 0.7 1.0 0.2

Part time ................................................................ 2.8 2.1 2.2 0.2

Union ..................................................................... 3.0 – 3.1 –

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.2 0.8 0.9 0.2

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2.1 1.9 – –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 4.1 – 3.5 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.8 1.4 1.4 0.2

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.4 0.9 1.4 0.3

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.7 1.1 1.2 0.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.8 1.9 1.5 0.7

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.9 1.3 1.2 0.1

Construction ...................................................... 2.2 1.7 – –

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.2 1.9 – –

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.4 0.9 1.1 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.8 1.5 – –

Wholesale trade ............................................. 2.8 1.9 2.5 –

Retail trade .................................................... 2.0 1.9 – –

Transportation and warehousing ................... 4.8 3.3 – –

Utilities ........................................................... 4.1 – 3.6 –

Information ......................................................... 5.0 4.1 – –

Financial activities ............................................. 1.6 1.6 1.1 0.3

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.6 1.7 1.3 0.4

Credit intermediation and related activities 2.3 2.8 – –

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 2.0 2.6 2.1 0.9

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 4.8 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 15. Standard errors for medical care benefits, family coverage:

Employee participation by type of employee contribution, private industry

workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Family coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies1

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other2

Professional and business services .................. 3.7 2.3 3.1 0.9

Professional and technical services .............. 4.8 2.5 – –

Administrative and waste services ................ 4.2 – 2.7 –

Education and health services ........................... 3.1 2.4 1.8 0.2

Educational services ...................................... 2.7 1.6 – –

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.0 2.9 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.5 2.7 – –

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 6.3 2.6 – –

Accommodation and food services ................ 9.1 – – –

Other services ................................................... 5.5 – – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.7 0.9 1.6 0.3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.1 1.1 2.0 0.3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.1 – 1.6 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.3

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.4 1.5 0.7 0.2

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.0 1.5 1.7 0.6

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.7 1.6 2.2 0.6

New England ..................................................... 2.2 – 2.5 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 3.9 1.9 – –

South ..................................................................... 1.4 0.8 1.2 0.2

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.5 1.0 – –

East South Central ............................................ 4.9 3.6 – –

West South Central ........................................... 3.2 1.3 2.7 0.3

Midwest ................................................................. 2.1 2.1 1.3 0.2

East North Central ............................................. 2.3 3.0 1.6 0.2

West North Central ............................................ 4.0 2.1 – –

West ...................................................................... 3.2 1.5 2.7 0.6

Mountain ............................................................ 3.2 3.2 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 4.2 1.7 3.8 0.8

1 Based on worker attributes. For example, employee contributions may vary based on earnings, length of service,

or age. 2 Includes contribution types not separately published such as composite rates, flexible benefits, and percent of

earnings. 3 Less than 0.05. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 16. Medical care benefits: Monthly employee contributions for single and family coverage, private industry workers, 

March 2021

(Includes workers participating in medical care benefits with flat dollar amount contributory coverage)

Characteristics

Single coverage1 Family coverage1

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. $48.70 $83.88 $128.20 $184.51 $255.45 $206.51 $330.09 $486.45 $779.00 $1152.23

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 45.50 79.92 126.81 184.23 253.35 205.35 329.00 508.29 768.92 1165.26

Management, business, and financial ............... 52.76 94.29 139.31 203.32 268.72 220.26 372.70 533.00 768.92 1305.94

Professional and related .................................... 40.60 75.49 114.19 173.37 240.00 188.31 310.68 488.00 769.96 1104.00

Service ................................................................... 54.17 93.27 137.37 218.24 278.67 216.61 405.16 533.00 987.38 1382.64

Protective service .............................................. – – 108.68 178.92 278.67 – – 454.57 806.17 1303.12

Sales and office ..................................................... 44.58 82.33 128.66 182.03 248.54 220.60 349.86 506.06 798.17 1138.35

Sales and related ............................................... 49.05 82.33 129.25 186.42 242.67 220.60 344.74 501.88 825.06 1278.98

Office and administrative support ...................... 40.78 81.18 127.62 180.53 250.92 217.21 357.13 511.19 788.60 1118.51

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 59.15 92.39 132.54 189.98 266.54 240.00 323.00 452.00 789.56 1079.01

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 94.00 131.91 189.98 243.44 238.99 306.84 434.62 691.00 1033.29

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 65.04 90.24 133.74 185.25 268.42 246.77 330.58 505.44 878.64 1204.66

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 50.00 84.52 124.24 179.78 247.46 170.73 297.27 425.00 663.63 1040.81

Production ......................................................... 46.83 76.31 118.18 168.18 241.33 167.03 266.46 404.30 654.33 1021.94

Transportation and material moving .................. 62.30 94.98 126.54 185.77 253.86 209.41 314.37 432.98 701.62 1049.52

Full time ................................................................. 48.72 83.30 128.18 184.33 254.14 206.51 330.19 486.39 780.00 1156.01

Part time ................................................................ 38.80 88.30 130.84 190.28 270.06 221.36 323.75 488.61 772.91 1097.56

Union ..................................................................... 64.82 95.93 133.70 196.80 248.54 170.73 290.88 360.56 480.30 738.98

Nonunion ............................................................... 48.11 82.33 127.15 183.38 257.52 212.19 346.00 516.02 813.52 1204.66

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 43.10 87.46 131.79 182.13 268.76 221.88 371.88 535.97 908.70 1210.00

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 94.39 144.68 190.71 305.33 258.11 432.84 566.83 992.92 1263.74

Second 25 percent ............................................ 48.97 82.16 127.59 188.88 257.96 206.33 336.17 483.17 821.38 1236.86

Third 25 percent ................................................ 52.00 82.60 125.08 181.90 251.84 206.51 319.49 483.69 783.10 1122.47

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 47.30 85.00 129.61 189.98 253.86 206.33 323.75 479.03 717.18 1094.07

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 48.39 85.00 127.47 184.00 240.00 206.63 323.19 486.45 717.18 1110.13

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 50.00 83.88 125.61 182.00 248.24 185.55 290.88 424.26 675.65 994.40

Construction ...................................................... 71.57 104.99 141.88 200.13 290.42 248.30 335.43 461.95 777.73 1086.79

Manufacturing .................................................... 50.46 79.14 116.86 170.56 238.33 167.96 266.34 401.03 654.33 964.22

Service-providing industries .................................. 47.49 83.93 129.25 185.13 257.96 216.00 354.50 503.59 813.86 1219.96

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 51.70 94.29 131.69 185.53 248.34 221.00 336.41 462.78 707.97 1098.89

Wholesale trade ............................................. 50.00 90.04 121.33 183.32 255.00 216.67 324.18 502.08 738.94 1137.26

Retail trade .................................................... 45.99 92.97 142.43 195.84 285.28 226.87 352.66 483.17 825.06 1203.21

Transportation and warehousing ................... 68.24 99.24 127.15 179.78 241.49 223.84 339.84 433.34 601.24 989.08

Utilities ........................................................... 24.59 64.00 117.68 179.78 195.23 153.79 241.90 405.97 465.08 673.54

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 16. Medical care benefits: Monthly employee contributions for single and family coverage, private industry workers, 

March 2021—continued

(Includes workers participating in medical care benefits with flat dollar amount contributory coverage)

Characteristics

Single coverage1 Family coverage1

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

Information ......................................................... $55.00 $87.03 $124.58 $177.88 $206.36 $250.65 $328.44 $459.39 $579.00 $911.85

Financial activities ............................................. 42.50 78.11 126.70 174.13 258.92 208.40 358.42 475.45 787.42 1100.95

Finance and insurance .................................. 40.68 72.19 121.78 159.18 209.13 188.82 336.58 461.81 657.27 865.81

Credit intermediation and related activities 40.78 74.50 124.62 162.00 209.13 186.85 347.92 465.00 661.65 881.11

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 37.94 70.87 120.59 156.30 207.15 201.50 325.68 460.28 642.15 846.70

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 55.15 85.37 139.97 241.33 401.04 246.86 391.35 801.83 1107.44 1388.78

Professional and business services .................. 56.29 94.50 146.04 208.02 269.42 221.51 385.67 563.78 837.68 1225.75

Professional and technical services .............. 53.70 86.00 138.82 175.44 249.18 221.51 387.79 553.57 764.00 1130.40

Administrative and waste services ................ 70.70 120.68 159.53 228.47 293.59 229.38 393.99 611.52 1001.93 1321.49

Education and health services ........................... 34.56 71.57 104.52 181.09 253.35 185.67 336.19 484.12 865.51 1249.75

Educational services ...................................... 40.00 63.14 112.00 173.10 265.94 246.98 372.78 547.80 822.98 1087.00

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 30.24 67.88 125.28 166.36 258.83 246.98 367.64 522.37 717.47 985.66

Health care and social assistance ................. 32.48 72.76 104.00 181.90 251.98 179.64 328.27 476.78 865.51 1267.52

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 57.55 94.39 119.60 169.17 236.70 – 436.33 651.12 1033.29 1395.75

Accommodation and food services ................ – 98.65 122.43 175.10 235.37 – 414.65 622.44 1005.68 1273.09

Other services ................................................... 62.01 82.16 128.63 191.47 251.01 319.49 390.50 662.87 1208.48 1375.78

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 48.70 84.72 131.72 190.36 268.72 247.41 382.97 545.06 906.77 1292.80

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 49.11 84.72 131.91 195.70 272.00 248.30 376.71 533.19 895.66 1301.99

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 85.37 130.14 183.38 251.31 240.96 390.02 592.47 931.83 1244.22

100 workers or more .............................................. 49.05 82.95 125.67 180.31 246.77 185.55 305.00 447.29 682.90 1023.05

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 49.58 86.67 128.62 179.78 245.79 199.72 325.06 474.72 747.38 1125.15

500 workers or more .......................................... 48.33 79.44 120.68 182.00 247.33 159.57 278.73 422.25 611.24 887.33

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 52.76 88.58 134.46 195.60 259.41 179.64 303.33 440.63 716.76 1219.96

New England ..................................................... 56.03 100.14 153.50 213.00 304.02 – 329.21 499.62 748.12 1113.94

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 47.74 85.56 127.59 190.58 259.19 179.64 281.89 428.11 705.16 1219.96

South ..................................................................... 43.68 90.24 130.32 188.14 262.62 224.42 368.34 536.00 865.90 1243.57

South Atlantic .................................................... 43.06 88.31 133.18 184.33 263.69 224.42 364.01 505.20 848.95 1267.52

East South Central ............................................ 47.11 92.25 117.33 182.00 239.00 170.73 325.09 483.17 730.45 1037.06

West South Central ........................................... 40.79 90.89 135.92 200.00 265.09 245.00 390.00 600.00 936.78 1226.63

Midwest ................................................................. 54.63 81.07 125.57 175.00 248.34 182.47 315.43 459.39 708.17 1134.37

East North Central ............................................. 57.03 81.50 126.05 181.90 259.81 182.47 312.46 462.84 734.78 1164.93

West North Central ............................................ 54.63 78.31 123.15 162.24 199.39 182.00 329.18 455.00 642.26 964.74

West ...................................................................... 44.33 78.00 122.93 181.09 251.98 225.60 338.47 486.66 790.85 1073.48

Mountain ............................................................ 45.89 76.36 126.51 205.84 253.35 248.00 333.28 488.00 747.38 1067.31

Pacific ................................................................ 44.17 78.11 120.06 172.62 240.00 217.22 340.12 486.66 806.63 1075.00

1 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of participating workers pay the

same as or more than the premium shown, and half pay the same as or less than the premium shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers pay the same or less than

the premium shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 16. Standard errors for medical care benefits: Monthly employee contributions for single and family coverage,

private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Single coverage1 Family coverage1

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. $1.86 $2.32 $2.29 $2.14 $3.82 $5.75 $5.63 $5.29 $19.48 $24.15

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 4.90 3.54 3.83 5.15 5.11 10.88 11.07 16.33 30.73 41.43

Management, business, and financial ............... 3.89 4.11 2.84 7.99 10.81 8.96 7.95 9.98 27.03 59.94

Professional and related .................................... 5.38 5.45 6.08 8.00 9.94 17.66 10.95 15.51 46.32 23.97

Service ................................................................... 6.95 5.87 13.82 30.95 16.84 53.54 19.13 58.06 71.31 117.80

Protective service .............................................. – – 11.20 25.45 38.36 – – 92.84 118.91 317.00

Sales and office ..................................................... 3.76 1.40 4.13 2.64 7.94 9.36 12.66 14.59 31.10 28.25

Sales and related ............................................... 6.85 3.05 8.35 7.45 13.57 22.45 12.00 29.72 54.56 86.76

Office and administrative support ...................... 5.77 4.13 3.82 2.81 9.51 10.32 16.77 16.00 31.18 18.93

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 10.08 4.67 5.11 6.07 14.72 17.22 13.74 20.74 53.07 34.02

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 8.64 5.75 10.51 20.44 25.69 15.60 23.80 70.91 57.56

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 3.62 5.41 6.74 5.88 22.49 20.79 7.00 40.50 60.37 154.89

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 4.83 2.99 5.37 5.46 7.56 15.07 9.04 9.05 33.64 48.15

Production ......................................................... 3.92 6.65 4.28 4.78 11.18 8.65 21.28 21.65 31.98 70.15

Transportation and material moving .................. 5.94 3.27 2.52 6.38 9.54 28.43 16.94 8.58 55.61 82.85

Full time ................................................................. 2.52 2.44 2.53 2.14 4.16 6.13 5.87 6.19 22.58 26.44

Part time ................................................................ 7.72 10.01 6.16 4.83 34.61 32.33 18.76 34.93 125.81 109.17

Union ..................................................................... 8.95 2.91 4.87 11.59 4.59 21.75 9.67 22.03 14.63 91.18

Nonunion ............................................................... 2.02 2.00 2.50 2.72 3.92 8.03 10.46 12.74 21.21 30.17

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 7.94 6.72 4.14 3.79 19.92 27.88 31.99 21.06 48.25 74.24

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 13.50 15.67 12.91 30.88 51.79 27.50 64.71 35.26 74.43

Second 25 percent ............................................ 5.75 4.37 2.94 7.85 6.47 9.98 14.08 12.20 48.45 39.01

Third 25 percent ................................................ 3.31 3.09 3.87 3.53 8.24 14.37 10.62 9.80 34.63 30.59

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2.63 2.99 2.96 5.49 3.59 9.39 9.56 12.64 18.51 35.54

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 4.97 3.63 4.64 6.67 5.01 6.84 11.48 8.47 18.03 77.57

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 4.28 2.88 5.25 6.08 9.23 14.21 11.79 10.44 23.41 37.34

Construction ...................................................... 5.82 5.75 7.25 7.78 25.44 11.95 11.40 28.53 58.78 55.57

Manufacturing .................................................... 3.84 4.00 3.20 7.17 6.11 5.24 12.94 12.19 31.75 39.60

Service-providing industries .................................. 2.67 3.21 2.65 2.43 4.81 7.38 10.82 13.25 22.86 22.92

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 7.01 2.35 4.49 4.56 9.14 5.29 8.04 14.56 30.58 38.93

Wholesale trade ............................................. 7.76 3.51 12.63 4.13 30.29 6.50 13.80 27.44 46.42 96.76

Retail trade .................................................... 5.07 3.68 3.15 5.90 23.71 39.42 22.12 13.11 50.68 46.32

Transportation and warehousing ................... 4.97 2.01 5.07 13.02 7.31 31.71 11.78 22.04 59.95 98.36

Utilities ........................................................... 4.16 5.81 8.06 16.21 6.44 8.64 46.67 36.96 40.43 75.91

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 16. Standard errors for medical care benefits: Monthly employee contributions for single and family coverage,

private industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Single coverage1 Family coverage1

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

Information ......................................................... $2.56 $8.50 $6.95 $4.51 $15.51 $6.18 $30.34 $18.05 $41.63 $33.88

Financial activities ............................................. 2.54 5.80 3.81 7.43 18.61 17.24 17.86 11.40 41.55 73.47

Finance and insurance .................................. 2.99 3.64 1.81 4.19 4.31 14.45 16.76 3.72 13.42 15.30

Credit intermediation and related activities 2.45 7.37 3.36 7.22 5.44 15.19 19.44 7.52 21.76 36.34

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 8.44 10.40 4.39 6.82 8.55 18.32 25.06 11.86 37.98 30.04

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 6.41 14.27 16.63 17.85 42.42 59.76 22.15 116.58 130.31 352.95

Professional and business services .................. 4.90 5.77 3.86 11.87 12.46 13.85 23.40 19.50 48.51 97.12

Professional and technical services .............. 8.81 7.05 5.08 12.58 12.97 21.82 50.56 25.29 44.90 120.73

Administrative and waste services ................ 15.41 11.57 14.60 23.33 29.80 54.50 20.19 68.68 71.60 46.38

Education and health services ........................... 6.14 5.89 9.17 8.62 5.65 21.44 29.23 25.54 49.18 44.85

Educational services ...................................... 3.74 12.06 15.28 17.36 41.79 22.42 29.15 39.78 84.51 101.98

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.69 6.96 4.72 10.49 10.19 19.97 20.73 44.18 40.30 103.97

Health care and social assistance ................. 6.58 6.20 9.38 9.06 5.74 21.48 34.49 19.29 73.36 63.73

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 10.02 20.63 5.21 13.44 21.26 – 41.47 82.00 110.75 228.38

Accommodation and food services ................ – 8.97 11.59 29.27 19.72 – 28.72 108.10 150.56 206.38

Other services ................................................... 1.52 4.95 5.95 18.39 21.03 40.90 76.97 79.57 121.97 110.98

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.49 3.97 3.96 6.00 7.63 14.56 12.72 15.28 29.12 39.79

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3.91 3.83 5.70 6.94 7.84 17.46 19.85 14.75 30.12 37.40

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 10.70 5.74 8.43 18.92 29.11 27.37 31.73 47.30 69.22

100 workers or more .............................................. 3.12 2.76 1.86 2.25 4.53 7.46 5.53 8.93 19.07 37.27

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 6.52 3.33 2.37 2.89 5.94 8.76 15.03 14.53 22.90 49.54

500 workers or more .......................................... 3.34 2.65 5.83 4.45 5.99 11.31 14.17 12.99 17.75 46.82

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 3.14 3.25 4.74 6.35 9.64 16.41 10.68 11.24 25.59 32.30

New England ..................................................... 11.26 12.99 11.72 19.18 52.83 – 44.84 43.96 46.02 139.07

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 5.18 4.49 4.12 5.13 8.26 7.66 19.89 12.07 24.82 65.89

South ..................................................................... 4.14 4.02 2.96 7.00 8.47 6.13 15.05 20.58 30.32 44.25

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.60 3.62 3.89 8.86 9.94 4.09 18.49 36.00 49.03 32.35

East South Central ............................................ 13.46 9.49 4.50 13.38 35.76 29.59 42.02 38.68 80.97 106.21

West South Central ........................................... 12.10 10.20 3.93 9.82 2.75 20.99 9.11 13.17 50.64 89.67

Midwest ................................................................. 3.08 3.93 3.44 3.75 10.66 20.86 15.53 19.28 18.06 47.26

East North Central ............................................. 3.10 3.67 3.24 4.61 8.35 21.99 15.61 22.22 25.95 30.66

West North Central ............................................ 3.78 10.84 11.67 9.68 6.14 34.87 49.04 26.70 26.99 64.10

West ...................................................................... 6.42 5.03 7.60 3.89 3.29 13.52 13.61 14.17 33.12 28.58

Mountain ............................................................ 8.42 10.24 13.88 19.82 11.66 38.46 33.93 74.33 63.70 141.29

Pacific ................................................................ 8.37 5.63 9.55 7.56 4.28 8.92 13.22 7.33 20.15 27.02

1 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of participating workers pay the

same as or more than the premium shown, and half pay the same as or less than the premium shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers pay the same or less than

the premium shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 17. Insurance benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Life insurance Short-term disability Long-term disability

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 56 55 98 42 41 98 35 34 97

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 78 77 99 57 57 99 60 58 97

Management, business, and financial ............... 85 84 99 66 66 99 65 63 97

Professional and related .................................... 74 74 99 52 52 99 57 55 97

Service ................................................................... 27 25 94 22 21 97 13 12 94

Protective service .............................................. 39 34 87 31 27 88 19 15 79

Sales and office ..................................................... 54 53 99 41 40 97 31 30 97

Sales and related ............................................... 40 40 98 34 33 96 19 18 96

Office and administrative support ...................... 64 63 99 46 45 97 40 39 97

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 55 54 99 36 36 99 27 27 98

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 47 47 100 30 30 99 21 21 98

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 63 62 99 43 42 98 34 33 97

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 64 63 98 48 47 98 32 31 96

Production ......................................................... 71 70 99 54 54 99 37 36 97

Transportation and material moving .................. 57 56 97 42 41 97 27 26 96

Full time ................................................................. 71 70 99 50 49 98 45 43 97

Part time ................................................................ 14 12 90 18 17 95 5 5 91

Union ..................................................................... 81 79 97 67 65 97 40 38 95

Nonunion ............................................................... 54 53 98 40 39 98 34 33 97

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 25 24 95 19 19 96 9 9 94

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 13 12 90 9 9 98 4 4 97

Second 25 percent ............................................ 55 54 98 42 41 97 29 28 97

Third 25 percent ................................................ 69 68 99 48 47 98 43 41 97

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 84 83 99 64 64 100 64 62 97

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 89 89 100 71 71 100 72 70 97

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 70 69 99 52 51 99 38 37 97

Construction ...................................................... 47 46 99 28 28 98 19 19 99

Manufacturing .................................................... 81 81 99 64 63 100 47 46 97

Service-providing industries .................................. 53 52 98 40 39 98 34 33 96

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 54 53 98 42 41 96 24 23 96

Wholesale trade ............................................. 71 70 99 55 55 99 44 43 98

Retail trade .................................................... 41 40 98 35 33 94 12 11 92

Transportation and warehousing ................... 67 65 97 48 46 96 32 31 96

Utilities ........................................................... 97 97 100 62 60 98 87 86 99

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 17. Insurance benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Life insurance Short-term disability Long-term disability

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

Information ......................................................... 77 77 100 71 69 96 70 67 96

Financial activities ............................................. 81 81 99 67 66 99 66 63 96

Finance and insurance .................................. 88 88 99 74 74 99 76 73 96

Credit intermediation and related activities 92 91 99 76 75 99 85 81 95

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 84 84 100 69 69 100 68 67 98

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 58 58 100 42 42 99 30 30 99

Professional and business services .................. 57 56 98 44 44 99 44 43 96

Professional and technical services .............. 74 74 100 61 61 100 62 60 97

Administrative and waste services ................ 27 25 94 20 20 97 12 11 96

Education and health services ........................... 62 61 98 35 34 97 41 40 96

Educational services ...................................... 66 66 100 41 41 99 57 55 96

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 85 85 100 49 49 99 82 80 97

Health care and social assistance ................. 61 60 98 34 33 97 39 37 96

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 16 15 92 18 17 99 4 4 100

Accommodation and food services ................ 16 14 92 17 17 99 3 3 100

Other services ................................................... 36 36 99 29 28 98 21 21 100

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 41 41 98 31 30 99 24 24 97

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 37 36 98 29 28 99 22 22 98

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 58 57 98 38 37 98 33 31 94

100 workers or more .............................................. 76 74 98 57 55 97 48 46 96

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 70 69 99 51 50 98 40 39 98

500 workers or more .......................................... 83 81 98 64 62 97 59 56 95

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 54 53 99 67 66 99 35 34 96

New England ..................................................... 58 57 99 45 45 98 42 41 98

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 52 52 99 75 74 100 33 31 95

South ..................................................................... 55 54 98 33 32 97 32 31 97

South Atlantic .................................................... 57 56 99 34 34 97 34 33 97

East South Central ............................................ 54 53 98 34 33 97 35 33 97

West South Central ........................................... 52 50 96 30 29 96 28 27 97

Midwest ................................................................. 60 59 98 43 42 97 40 38 95

East North Central ............................................. 60 59 98 45 44 98 40 38 96

West North Central ............................................ 59 57 97 41 39 94 39 37 95

West ...................................................................... 57 56 99 34 33 99 33 33 98

Mountain ............................................................ 60 60 99 36 36 99 35 34 97

Pacific ................................................................ 55 55 99 32 32 99 32 32 99

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 17. Standard errors for insurance benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 private industry workers, March

2021

Characteristics

Life insurance Short-term disability Long-term disability

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 1.0 1.0 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.2 0.9 0.9 0.5

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.3 1.3 0.2 1.6 1.6 0.3 1.3 1.3 0.6

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.1 1.1 0.3 1.5 1.6 0.5 1.5 1.4 0.9

Professional and related .................................... 1.7 1.8 0.2 2.1 2.1 0.2 1.9 1.9 0.6

Service ................................................................... 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 2.2

Protective service .............................................. 6.5 7.1 7.0 5.3 6.1 10.3 3.4 4.0 16.7

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.3 1.3 0.3 1.2 1.2 0.3 1.1 1.0 0.5

Sales and related ............................................... 1.5 1.5 0.7 1.4 1.4 0.3 1.1 1.0 0.9

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.7 1.7 0.2 1.7 1.7 0.4 1.5 1.5 0.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.6 1.6 0.2 1.7 1.7 0.3 1.9 1.9 0.7

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.2 2.2 0.1 2.4 2.4 0.5 1.8 1.8 0.7

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.2 2.2 0.3 2.8 2.8 0.3 3.2 3.1 1.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.8 1.7 0.4 1.9 1.9 0.5 1.6 1.6 0.6

Production ......................................................... 1.9 1.9 0.2 2.2 2.3 0.3 2.4 2.3 0.6

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.7 2.5 0.7 2.9 2.8 1.0 2.1 2.0 0.9

Full time ................................................................. 0.9 1.0 0.2 0.9 0.9 0.2 1.1 1.1 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 1.3 1.1 3.1 1.5 1.5 1.2 0.4 0.4 4.1

Union ..................................................................... 3.3 3.3 0.6 2.0 2.1 0.9 3.3 3.2 1.2

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.0 1.1 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.2 1.0 0.9 0.5

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.6

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.2 1.1 5.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.7 1.6

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2.0 2.0 0.4 1.8 1.8 0.4 1.6 1.5 0.6

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.3 1.3 0.3 1.3 1.3 0.5 1.3 1.3 0.7

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.1 1.1 0.1 1.5 1.5 0.1 1.1 1.0 0.6

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.2 1.2 0.1 2.1 2.2 0.2 1.6 1.6 0.7

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.3 1.3 0.2 1.3 1.3 0.2 1.4 1.3 0.7

Construction ...................................................... 2.2 2.2 0.5 2.1 2.0 1.1 1.6 1.5 0.8

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.4 1.4 0.2 1.5 1.6 0.2 1.9 1.9 0.8

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.2 1.2 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.3 1.1 1.1 0.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.5 1.6 0.4 1.5 1.4 0.4 1.2 1.2 0.6

Wholesale trade ............................................. 2.4 2.5 0.4 2.0 2.0 0.4 2.0 2.1 0.9

Retail trade .................................................... 1.5 1.5 0.7 1.6 1.6 0.5 1.0 0.9 0.9

Transportation and warehousing ................... 4.1 4.0 1.1 3.8 3.8 1.3 3.7 3.6 1.1

Utilities ........................................................... 1.4 1.6 0.4 5.0 5.0 2.2 3.4 3.4 0.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 17. Standard errors for insurance benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Life insurance Short-term disability Long-term disability

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

Information ......................................................... 3.8 3.8 0.2 3.8 3.7 1.0 5.0 4.9 1.1

Financial activities ............................................. 1.8 1.8 0.1 2.2 2.2 0.2 2.0 2.0 0.6

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.0 1.1 0.1 2.0 2.0 0.2 1.5 1.4 0.7

Credit intermediation and related activities 1.5 1.5 0.2 2.4 2.4 0.5 1.7 1.7 0.7

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 1.9 1.9 0.2 3.1 3.2 0.2 2.9 2.9 0.6

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 5.4 5.4 0.3 4.4 4.2 0.8 4.8 4.8 0.7

Professional and business services .................. 2.3 2.5 0.7 2.5 2.6 0.6 2.3 2.3 1.3

Professional and technical services .............. 2.4 2.5 0.3 4.1 4.1 0.5 2.9 3.1 1.5

Administrative and waste services ................ 2.7 2.9 3.0 1.4 1.6 2.4 1.7 1.6 4.2

Education and health services ........................... 2.8 2.9 0.8 2.1 2.2 1.1 2.6 2.7 1.2

Educational services ...................................... 3.9 3.9 0.1 2.7 2.7 0.2 3.7 3.8 1.1

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.3 2.3 0.1 3.1 3.1 0.4 2.0 2.0 0.3

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.2 3.3 0.9 2.4 2.5 1.3 3.0 3.0 1.5

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 2.3 2.2 4.9 2.2 2.2 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.1

Accommodation and food services ................ 2.7 2.6 5.8 2.7 2.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.2

Other services ................................................... 2.5 2.6 1.1 3.6 3.4 1.3 3.5 3.5 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.2 1.2 0.4 1.2 1.2 0.3 1.2 1.2 0.7

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.4 1.4 0.6 1.4 1.4 0.2 1.3 1.3 0.3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.4 2.4 0.5 2.5 2.5 0.8 2.2 2.1 2.1

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.4 1.4 0.4 1.2 1.2 0.3 1.4 1.3 0.7

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.4 1.5 0.3 1.5 1.5 0.2 1.8 1.7 0.5

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.2 2.2 0.7 1.6 1.6 0.7 2.0 1.8 1.1

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.5 2.5 0.2 1.8 1.8 0.2 1.6 1.6 1.1

New England ..................................................... 4.7 4.7 0.4 2.9 2.8 0.6 4.4 4.1 0.9

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.8 2.8 0.2 2.3 2.3 0.1 1.3 1.5 1.5

South ..................................................................... 1.7 1.8 0.6 1.5 1.5 0.5 1.5 1.6 0.7

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.2 2.3 0.4 1.7 1.7 0.6 1.9 1.9 0.6

East South Central ............................................ 4.5 4.8 0.9 4.1 4.5 2.0 4.2 4.8 2.8

West South Central ........................................... 2.9 3.0 2.0 3.2 3.1 0.5 2.9 3.0 1.4

Midwest ................................................................. 1.8 2.1 0.9 1.9 1.8 0.8 2.6 2.3 1.4

East North Central ............................................. 2.3 2.6 0.8 2.3 2.2 0.3 3.6 3.1 1.5

West North Central ............................................ 2.9 3.5 2.0 3.2 3.1 2.4 2.5 3.1 3.1

West ...................................................................... 1.9 2.0 0.3 1.8 1.8 0.1 1.3 1.2 0.4

Mountain ............................................................ 4.3 4.3 0.2 1.8 1.8 0.2 4.0 3.6 1.1

Pacific ................................................................ 2.1 2.2 0.4 2.5 2.5 0.1 1.0 1.0 0.2

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 18. Life insurance plans: Employee contribution

requirement, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers with basic life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 4 96

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 3 97

Management, business, and financial ............... 3 97

Professional and related .................................... 3 97

Service ................................................................... 2 98

Sales and office ..................................................... 5 95

Sales and related ............................................... 6 94

Office and administrative support ...................... 5 95

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 4 96

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 5 95

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 3 97

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 5 95

Production ......................................................... 3 97

Full time ................................................................. 4 96

Part time ................................................................ 3 97

Union ..................................................................... 3 97

Nonunion ............................................................... 4 96

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 4 96

Second 25 percent ............................................ 4 96

Third 25 percent ................................................ 4 96

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 3 97

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 3 97

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 5 95

Construction ...................................................... 7 93

Manufacturing .................................................... 4 96

Service-providing industries .................................. 3 97

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 7 93

Wholesale trade ............................................. 5 95

Retail trade .................................................... 8 92

Transportation and warehousing ................... 7 93

Utilities ........................................................... – 100

Financial activities ............................................. 3 97

Finance and insurance .................................. 3 97

Credit intermediation and related activities 2 98

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 4 96

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 18. Life insurance plans: Employee contribution

requirement, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with basic life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

Professional and business services .................. 2 98

Administrative and waste services ................ 5 95

Education and health services ........................... 2 98

Educational services ...................................... 3 97

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 4 96

Health care and social assistance ................. 1 99

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 2 98

Accommodation and food services ................ 2 98

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 3 97

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3 97

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 4 96

100 workers or more .............................................. 4 96

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 4 96

500 workers or more .......................................... 3 97

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 4 96

New England ..................................................... 3 97

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 4 96

South ..................................................................... 4 96

South Atlantic .................................................... 4 96

East South Central ............................................ 4 96

West South Central ........................................... 6 94

Midwest ................................................................. 3 97

East North Central ............................................. 2 98

West North Central ............................................ 5 95

West ...................................................................... 3 97

Mountain ............................................................ 4 96

Pacific ................................................................ 3 97

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no

workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 18. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Employee

contribution requirement, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 0.3

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.4 0.4

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.3 0.3

Professional and related .................................... 0.5 0.5

Service ................................................................... 0.5 0.5

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.5 0.5

Sales and related ............................................... 0.9 0.9

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.6 0.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.1 1.1

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.7 1.7

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 0.9 0.9

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.7 0.7

Production ......................................................... 0.6 0.6

Full time ................................................................. 0.3 0.3

Part time ................................................................ 0.9 0.9

Union ..................................................................... 1.0 1.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.3 0.3

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.6 0.6

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.6 0.6

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.6 0.6

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.3 0.3

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.5 0.5

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.7 0.7

Construction ...................................................... 1.4 1.4

Manufacturing .................................................... 0.5 0.5

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.3 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 0.8 0.8

Wholesale trade ............................................. 1.4 1.4

Retail trade .................................................... 1.1 1.1

Transportation and warehousing ................... 1.5 1.5

Utilities ........................................................... – 0.0

Financial activities ............................................. 0.4 0.4

Finance and insurance .................................. 0.4 0.4

Credit intermediation and related activities 0.6 0.6

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 0.7 0.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 18. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Employee

contribution requirement, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

Professional and business services .................. 0.8 0.8

Administrative and waste services ................ 1.9 1.9

Education and health services ........................... 0.5 0.5

Educational services ...................................... 0.7 0.7

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.1 1.1

Health care and social assistance ................. 0.5 0.5

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 1.0 1.0

Accommodation and food services ................ 1.1 1.1

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.5 0.5

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.6 0.6

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.1 1.1

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.4 0.4

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.6 0.6

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.6 0.6

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.8 0.8

New England ..................................................... 1.1 1.1

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.9 0.9

South ..................................................................... 0.4 0.4

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.6 0.6

East South Central ............................................ 1.2 1.2

West South Central ........................................... 0.9 0.9

Midwest ................................................................. 0.5 0.5

East North Central ............................................. 0.4 0.4

West North Central ............................................ 1.4 1.4

West ...................................................................... 0.7 0.7

Mountain ............................................................ 2.0 2.0

Pacific ................................................................ 0.6 0.6

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit

Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 19. Life insurance plans: Method of benefit payment, private industry workers, 

March 2021

(All workers with basic life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Basic life insurance method of payment

Fixed

multiple of

annual

earnings

Variable

multiple of

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amount

Variable

dollar

amount

Other

All workers ............................................................. 59 2 36 2 1

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 71 1 26 1 1

Management, business, and financial ............... 74 1 23 – –

Professional and related .................................... 68 1 28 2 1

Service ................................................................... 47 – 48 2 –

Protective service .............................................. 40 – 58 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 64 2 32 – –

Sales and related ............................................... 62 – 35 2 –

Office and administrative support ...................... 65 2 31 – –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 37 – 58 2 –

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 21 – 75 3 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 50 4 45 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 46 2 48 4 1 ( )

Production ......................................................... 43 – 50 6 –

Transportation and material moving .................. 49 4 45 2 1

Full time ................................................................. 60 2 36 2 1

Part time ................................................................ 47 – 44 6 –

Union ..................................................................... 41 – 46 10 –

Nonunion ............................................................... 61 2 35 1 1

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 42 – 52 4 –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 30 – 63 7 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 56 2 39 – –

Third 25 percent ................................................ 56 2 39 2 1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 70 1 27 1 1

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 74 1 24 1 1

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 45 – 51 3 –

Construction ...................................................... 19 – 79 1 –

Manufacturing .................................................... 52 – 43 4 –

Service-providing industries .................................. 63 2 32 2 1

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 56 4 37 3 1

Wholesale trade ............................................. 53 – 43 2 –

Retail trade .................................................... 52 5 37 5 –

Transportation and warehousing ................... 61 3 33 – –

Utilities ........................................................... 73 5 18 – –

Information ......................................................... 82 2 14 – –

Financial activities ............................................. 81 2 17 1 () 1

Finance and insurance .................................. 85 2 12 1 () 1

Credit intermediation and related activities 87 – 11 – 1

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 85 3 11 – –

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 58 – 39 – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 19. Life insurance plans: Method of benefit payment, private industry workers, 

March 2021—continued

(All workers with basic life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Basic life insurance method of payment

Fixed

multiple of

annual

earnings

Variable

multiple of

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amount

Variable

dollar

amount

Other

Professional and business services .................. 67 – 31 – –

Professional and technical services .............. 66 – 32 – –

Administrative and waste services ................ 53 – 45 – –

Education and health services ........................... 63 – 32 3 –

Educational services ...................................... 61 2 33 – –

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 77 3 20 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 64 – 32 3 –

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 21 – 79 – –

Accommodation and food services ................ 18 – 82 – –

Other services ................................................... 50 – 39 – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 48 2 48 2 1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 50 2 46 – –

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 44 – 51 3 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 67 2 28 2 1 ( )

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 59 3 36 – –

500 workers or more .......................................... 76 1 20 3 1

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 68 2 27 3 1

New England ..................................................... 70 – 24 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 67 – 28 3 –

South ..................................................................... 60 2 36 1 1

South Atlantic .................................................... 62 2 34 1 1

East South Central ............................................ 61 – 37 – –

West South Central ........................................... 57 – 40 1 –

Midwest ................................................................. 57 2 38 3 1

East North Central ............................................. 57 2 37 4 1 ( )

West North Central ............................................ 55 1 41 – –

West ...................................................................... 54 2 43 – –

Mountain ............................................................ 55 2 42 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 53 2 43 – –

1 Less than 0.5. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not

meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit

Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 19. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Method of benefit payment, private

industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Basic life insurance method of payment

Fixed

multiple of

annual

earnings

Variable

multiple of

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amount

Variable

dollar

amount

Other

All workers ............................................................. 1.2 0.2 1.2 0.2 0.1

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.5 0.4 1.5 0.4 0.3

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.8 0.3 1.8 – –

Professional and related .................................... 2.2 0.5 2.1 0.6 0.3

Service ................................................................... 4.3 – 4.2 0.6 –

Protective service .............................................. 9.5 – 9.8 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.7 0.2 1.8 – –

Sales and related ............................................... 2.7 – 2.8 0.4 –

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.8 0.3 1.8 – –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.9 – 2.7 0.7 –

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.6 – 3.5 1.1 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 4.2 1.3 3.7 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.9 0.5 1.9 0.6 0.1

Production ......................................................... 2.1 – 2.3 0.9 –

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.8 1.1 2.9 0.5 0.2

Full time ................................................................. 1.2 0.2 1.2 0.2 0.1

Part time ................................................................ 3.5 – 3.5 1.1 –

Union ..................................................................... 2.4 – 2.3 1.3 –

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.3 0.2 1.3 0.2 0.1

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2.6 – 2.8 0.7 –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 4.9 – 4.9 2.1 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.8 0.5 2.0 – –

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.7 0.3 1.6 0.3 0.3

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 0.3 1.4 0.3 0.3

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.9 0.2 1.9 0.5 0.3

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.6 – 1.5 0.5 –

Construction ...................................................... 2.6 – 2.7 0.7 –

Manufacturing .................................................... 2.0 – 2.0 0.7 –

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.5 0.3 1.5 0.3 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 2.3 0.6 2.4 0.5 0.2

Wholesale trade ............................................. 3.9 – 4.1 0.7 –

Retail trade .................................................... 2.1 1.0 2.3 1.0 –

Transportation and warehousing ................... 4.3 1.6 4.6 – –

Utilities ........................................................... 4.0 1.8 3.4 – –

Information ......................................................... 3.7 0.8 3.8 – –

Financial activities ............................................. 1.3 0.5 1.4 0.1 0.2

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.0 0.5 0.9 0.1 0.2

Credit intermediation and related activities 1.2 – 1.1 – 0.4

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 1.9 1.1 1.8 – –

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 8.5 – 8.8 – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 19. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Method of benefit payment, private

industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Basic life insurance method of payment

Fixed

multiple of

annual

earnings

Variable

multiple of

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amount

Variable

dollar

amount

Other

Professional and business services .................. 2.7 – 2.7 – –

Professional and technical services .............. 4.2 – 3.9 – –

Administrative and waste services ................ 6.3 – 6.0 – –

Education and health services ........................... 3.4 – 3.2 0.8 –

Educational services ...................................... 3.8 1.0 3.8 – –

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.4 1.0 3.0 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.8 – 3.7 0.9 –

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 4.9 – 4.9 – –

Accommodation and food services ................ 5.1 – 5.1 – –

Other services ................................................... 5.3 – 4.7 – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.1 0.4 2.0 0.4 0.3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.6 0.6 2.5 – –

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 3.0 – 3.0 0.8 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.3 0.3 1.3 0.4 0.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.8 0.4 1.8 – –

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.8 0.3 1.6 0.6 0.2

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 3.4 0.6 2.8 0.8 0.3

New England ..................................................... 5.0 – 2.9 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 4.1 – 3.6 0.7 –

South ..................................................................... 2.1 0.4 2.3 0.3 0.2

South Atlantic .................................................... 3.3 0.6 3.5 0.5 0.3

East South Central ............................................ 3.6 – 4.4 – –

West South Central ........................................... 2.7 – 3.0 0.7 –

Midwest ................................................................. 2.3 0.3 2.1 0.5 0.4

East North Central ............................................. 2.7 0.4 2.8 0.6 0.2

West North Central ............................................ 4.3 0.5 2.8 – –

West ...................................................................... 2.3 0.4 2.6 – –

Mountain ............................................................ 2.8 0.8 3.1 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 3.0 0.5 3.4 – –

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 20. Life insurance plans: Fixed multiple of annual earnings benefit formulas, private industry

workers, March 2021

(All workers with fixed multiple of annual earnings formula life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Multiple of annual earnings amounts1

Mean

multiple of

annual

earnings

Median

multiple of

annual

earnings

Less than

1.0 times

earnings

1.0 times

earnings

Over 1.0

and under

2.0 times

earnings

2.0 times

earnings

Greater

than 2.0

times

earnings

All workers ............................................................. 1 66 9 20 4 1.3 1.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ – 63 9 23 – 1.4 1.0

Management, business, and financial ............... – 61 9 23 – 1.4 1.0

Professional and related .................................... 1 64 9 23 4 1.3 1.0

Service ................................................................... – 79 – 7 1 1.1 1.0

Protective service .............................................. – 85 – 3 – 1.1 1.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 1 68 7 20 4 1.3 1.0

Sales and related ............................................... – 74 6 17 – 1.3 1.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 1 65 8 21 4 1.3 1.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 67 10 18 – 1.3 1.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 72 – – 6 1.3 1.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. – 65 10 20 – 1.4 1.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1 68 9 19 2 1.3 1.0

Production ......................................................... – 57 11 28 – 1.4 1.0

Transportation and material moving .................. – 80 8 10 – 1.2 1.0

Full time ................................................................. 1 66 9 21 4 1.3 1.0

Part time ................................................................ – 84 6 10 – 1.1 1.0

Union ..................................................................... – 76 – 19 3 1.2 1.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 1 66 10 20 4 1.3 1.0

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. – 77 8 13 – 1.2 1.0

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 80 – 8 – 1.2 1.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ – 71 11 15 – 1.3 1.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1 66 9 19 4 1.3 1.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1 62 8 25 4 1.4 1.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1 59 8 28 4 1.4 1.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1 55 12 27 6 1.5 1.0

Construction ...................................................... – 71 6 – – 1.4 1.0

Manufacturing .................................................... 1 53 13 28 5 1.5 1.0

Service-providing industries .................................. 1 69 8 19 4 1.3 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... – 73 8 16 – 1.2 1.0

Wholesale trade ............................................. – 55 – 31 6 1.5 1.0

Retail trade .................................................... – 84 9 7 – 1.1 1.0

Transportation and warehousing ................... – 78 – – – 1.1 1.0

Utilities ........................................................... – 45 – 37 – 1.6 1.5

Information ......................................................... – 53 5 40 – 1.4 1.0

Financial activities ............................................. 3 ( ) 67 4 23 5 1.4 1.0

Finance and insurance .................................. 3 ( ) 67 5 22 6 1.4 1.0

Credit intermediation and related activities – 67 – 22 7 1.4 1.0

Insurance carriers and related activities .... – 66 7 23 – 1.3 1.0

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ – 68 – 31 – 1.3 1.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 20. Life insurance plans: Fixed multiple of annual earnings benefit formulas, private industry

workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with fixed multiple of annual earnings formula life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Multiple of annual earnings amounts1

Mean

multiple of

annual

earnings

Median

multiple of

annual

earnings

Less than

1.0 times

earnings

1.0 times

earnings

Over 1.0

and under

2.0 times

earnings

2.0 times

earnings

Greater

than 2.0

times

earnings

Professional and business services .................. – 62 9 25 – 1.4 1.0

Professional and technical services .............. – 62 11 22 – 1.3 1.0

Administrative and waste services ................ – 54 – 35 – 1.6 –

Education and health services ........................... 1 74 11 10 3 1.2 1.0

Educational services ...................................... – 54 12 22 – 1.4 1.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 52 13 23 – 1.4 1.0

Health care and social assistance ................. – 77 – 8 – 1.2 1.0

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... – 89 – – – 1.1 1.0

Accommodation and food services ................ – 99 – – – 1.0 1.0

Other services ................................................... – 49 – – – 1.5 –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1 62 14 17 5 1.4 1.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1 62 16 15 5 1.4 1.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 64 9 21 – 1.4 1.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 1 68 6 22 3 1.3 1.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – 68 8 22 – 1.3 1.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 1 69 5 22 3 1.3 1.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 3 65 9 18 5 1.3 1.0

New England ..................................................... – 63 8 24 – 1.4 1.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 4 66 10 15 5 1.3 1.0

South ..................................................................... 3 ( ) 71 8 19 3 1.3 1.0

South Atlantic .................................................... – 70 8 19 – 1.3 1.0

East South Central ............................................ – 69 – – – 1.3 1.0

West South Central ........................................... – 72 6 19 – 1.3 1.0

Midwest ................................................................. – 66 8 22 – 1.3 1.0

East North Central ............................................. – 67 7 22 – 1.3 1.0

West North Central ............................................ – 64 9 21 – 1.4 1.0

West ...................................................................... – 61 12 23 – 1.4 1.0

Mountain ............................................................ – 62 – 21 4 1.4 1.0

Pacific ................................................................ – 60 12 24 – 1.4 1.0

1 Includes participants in plans in which insurance equaled a multiple of earnings plus or minus a specified amount. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021. 3 Less than 0.5.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 20. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Fixed multiple of annual earnings benefit formulas,

private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Multiple of annual earnings amounts1

Mean

multiple of

annual

earnings

Median

multiple of

annual

earnings

Less than

1.0 times

earnings

1.0 times

earnings

Over 1.0

and under

2.0 times

earnings

2.0 times

earnings

Greater

than 2.0

times

earnings

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 1.5 0.9 1.1 0.5 2 ( ) 0.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ – 2.4 1.1 1.7 – 2 ( ) 0.0

Management, business, and financial ............... – 2.1 0.9 1.8 – 2 ( ) 0.0

Professional and related .................................... 0.3 3.3 1.6 2.2 1.0 2 ( ) 0.0

Service ................................................................... – 6.3 – 1.4 0.4 2 ( ) 0.0

Protective service .............................................. – 5.3 – 1.3 – 2 ( ) 0.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.2 1.6 1.4 1.5 0.6 2 ( ) 0.0

Sales and related ............................................... – 2.6 0.8 1.8 – 2 ( ) 0.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.2 2.5 2.1 1.9 1.0 2 ( ) 0.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 4.2 2.0 3.3 – 0.1 0.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 10.0 – – 2.7 0.1 0.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. – 4.2 2.3 3.0 – 0.1 0.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.3 3.1 1.6 2.1 0.9 2 ( ) 0.0

Production ......................................................... – 3.8 2.2 2.8 – 0.1 0.0

Transportation and material moving .................. – 3.4 2.0 2.6 – 2 ( ) 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.3 1.5 0.9 1.2 0.5 2 ( ) 0.0

Part time ................................................................ – 3.3 1.9 2.4 – 2 ( ) 0.0

Union ..................................................................... – 3.3 – 3.2 0.8 2 ( ) 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.3 1.6 1.0 1.2 0.5 2 ( ) 0.0

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. – 3.1 1.5 2.4 – 2 ( ) 0.0

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 5.2 – 2.6 – 2 ( ) 0.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ – 2.7 2.6 1.1 – 2 ( ) 0.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.5 2.5 1.1 1.6 1.0 2 ( ) 0.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.3 1.8 0.8 1.7 0.7 2 ( ) 0.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.4 2.4 1.0 2.2 0.8 2 ( ) 0.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.2 2.7 1.7 1.9 1.2 2 ( ) 0.0

Construction ...................................................... – 7.7 2.1 – – 0.2 0.0

Manufacturing .................................................... 0.2 2.9 1.8 2.3 1.4 2 ( ) 0.1

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.3 1.7 1.0 1.3 0.6 2 ( ) 0.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... – 2.6 1.2 1.9 – 2 ( ) 0.0

Wholesale trade ............................................. – 5.1 – 4.2 2.3 0.1 0.0

Retail trade .................................................... – 2.1 1.5 1.0 – 2 ( ) 0.0

Transportation and warehousing ................... – 6.5 – – – 2 ( ) 0.0

Utilities ........................................................... – 6.6 – 5.8 – 0.1 0.3

Information ......................................................... – 4.1 2.2 3.6 – 2 ( ) 0.1

Financial activities ............................................. 0.1 1.6 0.7 1.9 0.7 2 ( ) 0.0

Finance and insurance .................................. 0.1 1.6 0.8 1.8 0.7 2 ( ) 0.0

Credit intermediation and related activities – 2.8 – 2.6 1.1 2 ( ) 0.0

Insurance carriers and related activities .... – 2.5 1.5 2.5 – 2 ( ) 0.0

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ – 7.6 – 8.2 – 0.1 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 20. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Fixed multiple of annual earnings benefit formulas,

private industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Multiple of annual earnings amounts1

Mean

multiple of

annual

earnings

Median

multiple of

annual

earnings

Less than

1.0 times

earnings

1.0 times

earnings

Over 1.0

and under

2.0 times

earnings

2.0 times

earnings

Greater

than 2.0

times

earnings

Professional and business services .................. – 4.2 1.9 3.5 – 0.1 0.0

Professional and technical services .............. – 3.8 3.2 4.1 – 2 ( ) 0.0

Administrative and waste services ................ – 9.5 – 10.0 – 0.1 –

Education and health services ........................... 0.5 3.9 3.1 1.5 1.1 2 ( ) 0.0

Educational services ...................................... – 3.7 2.0 3.5 – 2 ( ) 0.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 3.0 2.2 3.3 – 2 ( ) 0.0

Health care and social assistance ................. – 4.5 – 1.7 – 2 ( ) 0.0

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... – 4.5 – – – 2 ( ) 0.0

Accommodation and food services ................ – 1.2 – – – 2 ( ) 0.0

Other services ................................................... – 11.0 – – – 0.1 –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.4 2.5 2.0 1.8 1.1 2 ( ) 0.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.6 3.1 2.7 2.2 1.4 2 ( ) 0.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 3.2 1.9 3.1 – 2 ( ) 0.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.2 1.6 0.7 1.3 0.6 2 ( ) 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – 2.4 1.1 2.0 – 2 ( ) 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.3 2.4 0.9 2.1 0.9 2 ( ) 0.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.2 3.9 1.5 2.7 1.7 2 ( ) 0.0

New England ..................................................... – 6.5 2.6 5.2 – 0.1 0.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.7 4.4 1.9 2.5 2.3 0.1 0.0

South ..................................................................... 0.2 2.3 1.3 2.0 0.5 2 ( ) 0.0

South Atlantic .................................................... – 3.1 1.8 2.3 – 2 ( ) 0.0

East South Central ............................................ – 5.1 – – – 0.1 0.0

West South Central ........................................... – 5.0 1.5 4.8 – 0.1 0.0

Midwest ................................................................. – 3.0 1.2 2.3 – 2 ( ) 0.0

East North Central ............................................. – 3.8 1.5 3.1 – 2 ( ) 0.0

West North Central ............................................ – 4.2 2.1 3.0 – 2 ( ) 0.0

West ...................................................................... – 3.2 2.9 2.2 – 2 ( ) 0.0

Mountain ............................................................ – 8.1 – 3.1 1.4 2 ( ) 0.0

Pacific ................................................................ – 2.8 2.3 2.9 – 2 ( ) 0.0

1 Includes participants in plans in which insurance equaled a multiple of earnings plus or minus a specified amount. 2 Less than 0.05. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 21. Life insurance plans: Maximum benefit amount, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers with fixed multiple of earnings formula life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 81 $50,000 $100,000 $300,000 $700,000 $1,500,000 19

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 81 50,000 100,000 300,000 1,000,000 – 19

Management, business, and financial ............... 81 50,000 100,000 300,000 650,000 1,500,000 19

Professional and related .................................... 82 50,000 – – 1,000,000 2,000,000 18

Service ................................................................... 88 50,000 100,000 – – – 12

Sales and office ..................................................... 83 50,000 50,000 – 500,000 1,500,000 17

Sales and related ............................................... 85 50,000 50,000 200,000 500,000 1,000,000 15

Office and administrative support ...................... 83 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 1,500,000 17

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 83 50,000 50,000 – 500,000 2,000,000 17

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 80 50,000 50,000 200,000 500,000 – 20

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 70 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 1,000,000 30

Production ......................................................... 70 50,000 100,000 250,000 500,000 – 30

Transportation and material moving .................. 70 50,000 – – 500,000 1,000,000 30

Full time ................................................................. 82 50,000 100,000 300,000 650,000 – 18

Part time ................................................................ 67 50,000 100,000 – 1,000,000 – 33

Union ..................................................................... 75 70,000 100,000 – – – 25

Nonunion ............................................................... 81 50,000 100,000 300,000 700,000 – 19

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 87 50,000 50,000 150,000 500,000 – 13

Second 25 percent ............................................ 80 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 – 20

Third 25 percent ................................................ 83 50,000 100,000 250,000 500,000 – 17

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 79 50,000 100,000 350,000 1,000,000 2,000,000 21

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 78 50,000 100,000 300,000 – 2,000,000 22

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 73 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 – 27

Construction ...................................................... 74 50,000 – – – 500,000 26

Manufacturing .................................................... 72 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 – 28

Service-providing industries .................................. 82 50,000 100,000 300,000 750,000 – 18

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 75 50,000 50,000 150,000 500,000 – 25

Wholesale trade ............................................. 89 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 750,000 11

Retail trade .................................................... 76 50,000 50,000 50,000 – – 24

Transportation and warehousing ................... 64 50,000 70,000 – 500,000 600,000 36

Utilities ........................................................... 67 – – 600,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 33

Information ......................................................... 85 – – 500,000 – 5,000,000 15

Financial activities ............................................. 86 50,000 100,000 300,000 1,000,000 2,000,000 14

Finance and insurance .................................. 84 50,000 100,000 300,000 1,000,000 2,000,000 16

Credit intermediation and related activities 90 50,000 100,000 300,000 750,000 2,000,000 10

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 74 – – 500,000 – 2,000,000 26

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 21. Life insurance plans: Maximum benefit amount, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers with fixed multiple of earnings formula life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

Professional and business services .................. 80 $50,000 – $300,000 – $2,000,000 20

Professional and technical services .............. 80 50,000 – – – 2,000,000 20

Education and health services ........................... 87 50,000 $100,000 300,000 – 1,000,000 13

Educational services ...................................... 88 50,000 – 250,000 $500,000 500,000 12

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 88 50,000 50,000 200,000 500,000 500,000 12

Health care and social assistance ................. 87 50,000 100,000 300,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 13

Other services ................................................... 93 50,000 100,000 – 500,000 1,000,000 7

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 84 50,000 100,000 250,000 500,000 – 16

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 84 50,000 100,000 250,000 – 2,000,000 16

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 82 50,000 – 200,000 500,000 1,000,000 18

100 workers or more .............................................. 80 50,000 100,000 300,000 750,000 1,500,000 20

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 80 50,000 50,000 250,000 500,000 1,000,000 20

500 workers or more .......................................... 79 50,000 100,000 500,000 1,000,000 2,000,000 21

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 77 50,000 100,000 300,000 – 1,000,000 23

New England ..................................................... 65 50,000 – – – – 35

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 83 50,000 100,000 300,000 – 1,000,000 17

South ..................................................................... 85 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 1,500,000 15

South Atlantic .................................................... 84 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 – 16

West South Central ........................................... 85 50,000 50,000 250,000 – – 15

Midwest ................................................................. 80 50,000 100,000 300,000 500,000 – 20

East North Central ............................................. 78 50,000 100,000 250,000 500,000 1,000,000 22

West North Central ............................................ 83 50,000 – 300,000 600,000 – 17

West ...................................................................... 80 50,000 – – – 2,000,000 20

Mountain ............................................................ 79 50,000 – 500,000 – – 21

Pacific ................................................................ 80 50,000 100,000 – – 2,000,000 20

1 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile,

one-fourth of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 21. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Maximum benefit amount, private industry workers, March

2021

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 1.2 $0.00 $10,201.10 $45,620.72 $135,332.92 $442,309.28 1.2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.6 0.00 0.00 59,893.59 251,204.10 – 1.6

Management, business, and financial ............... 2.3 0.00 0.00 31,606.96 130,921.13 333,499.63 2.3

Professional and related .................................... 1.8 0.00 – – 0.00 577,061.52 1.8

Service ................................................................... 3.4 0.00 4,562.07 – – – 3.4

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.4 0.00 0.00 – 0.00 386,243.45 1.4

Sales and related ............................................... 2.4 0.00 0.00 21,878.93 0.00 72,993.15 2.4

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.8 0.00 – 28,809.76 0.00 314,617.63 1.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 3.1 0.00 8,939.80 – 0.00 524,142.16 3.1

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 3.8 0.00 0.00 54,554.45 74,124.89 – 3.8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 2.5 0.00 – 49,974.99 0.00 206,455.81 2.5

Production ......................................................... 4.0 0.00 28,490.13 49,135.02 0.00 – 4.0

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.8 0.00 – – 0.00 270,050.00 2.8

Full time ................................................................. 1.1 0.00 12,675.67 42,796.03 134,372.96 – 1.1

Part time ................................................................ 7.4 0.00 0.00 – 0.00 – 7.4

Union ..................................................................... 3.6 0.00 0.00 – – – 3.6

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.2 0.00 21,084.47 32,897.57 132,849.54 – 1.2

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2.1 0.00 0.00 36,049.03 112,490.00 – 2.1

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2.1 0.00 – 39,053.04 51,613.95 – 2.1

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.5 0.00 24,465.64 55,500.00 79,584.29 – 1.5

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.6 0.00 0.00 84,115.50 134,096.98 0.00 1.6

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.0 0.00 0.00 36,496.58 – 273,724.31 2.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 2.7 0.00 – 18,248.29 25,806.98 – 2.7

Construction ...................................................... 5.0 0.00 – – – 40,804.41 5.0

Manufacturing .................................................... 3.1 0.00 – 24,140.22 128,063.46 – 3.1

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.3 0.00 4,562.07 24,209.09 144,841.29 – 1.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.7 0.00 0.00 27,914.51 0.00 – 1.7

Wholesale trade ............................................. 2.6 0.00 – 45,848.26 47,410.44 126,098.18 2.6

Retail trade .................................................... 2.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 – – 2.5

Transportation and warehousing ................... 4.8 0.00 5,474.49 – 0.00 54,744.86 4.8

Utilities ........................................................... 5.1 – – 152,948.52 0.00 64,517.44 5.1

Information ......................................................... 4.2 – – 31,606.96 – 0.00 4.2

Financial activities ............................................. 1.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.5

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.5

Credit intermediation and related activities 1.4 0.00 0.00 58,423.03 217,453.44 0.00 1.4

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 3.1 – – 18,248.29 – 0.00 3.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 21. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Maximum benefit amount, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

Professional and business services .................. 2.7 $0.00 – $25,806.98 – $0.00 2.7

Professional and technical services .............. 3.9 0.00 – – – 0.00 3.9

Education and health services ........................... 3.1 0.00 $0.00 67,104.34 – 0.00 3.1

Educational services ...................................... 2.7 0.00 – 58,423.03 $103,630.35 107,958.33 2.7

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 3.0 0.00 0.00 50,801.08 53,202.44 0.00 3.0

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.5 0.00 0.00 89,048.09 237,052.21 0.00 3.5

Other services ................................................... 2.7 0.00 20,906.04 – 63,213.92 158,560.71 2.7

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.9 0.00 4,562.07 60,940.81 138,902.92 – 1.9

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.5 0.00 0.00 22,865.04 – 465,241.87 2.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 3.3 0.00 – 28,693.95 18,248.29 104,828.43 3.3

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.3 0.00 24,191.89 9,124.14 28,853.08 0.00 1.3

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.8 0.00 3,649.66 39,508.70 0.00 0.00 1.8

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.6 0.00 0.00 89,746.52 0.00 387,104.64 1.6

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 3.3 0.00 0.00 56,980.26 – 192,257.64 3.3

New England ..................................................... 8.3 0.00 – – – – 8.3

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.0 0.00 0.00 31,606.96 – 0.00 2.0

South ..................................................................... 2.0 0.00 – 41,812.08 58,423.03 428,931.81 2.0

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.6 0.00 – 49,615.55 31,606.96 – 2.6

West South Central ........................................... 4.4 0.00 3,649.66 66,424.77 – – 4.4

Midwest ................................................................. 2.0 0.00 12,903.49 46,524.19 0.00 – 2.0

East North Central ............................................. 2.7 0.00 11,174.75 30,914.56 0.00 0.00 2.7

West North Central ............................................ 3.3 0.00 – 15,803.48 156,977.71 – 3.3

West ...................................................................... 1.8 0.00 – – – 0.00 1.8

Mountain ............................................................ 1.9 0.00 – 103,630.35 – – 1.9

Pacific ................................................................ 2.5 0.00 23,810.34 – – 0.00 2.5

1 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth

of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 22. Life insurance plans: Flat-dollar amount benefit formulas,1 private industry

workers, March 2021

(Includes workers participating in life insurance plans with flat-dollar amount formulas)

Characteristics

Flat dollar amount2

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. $10,000 $15,000 $25,000 $50,000 $50,000

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 –

Management, business, and financial ............... 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 52,000

Professional and related .................................... 10,000 – 25,000 50,000 –

Service ................................................................... 10,000 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000

Protective service .............................................. – 10,000 – – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 10,000 15,000 20,000 – 50,000

Sales and related ............................................... – 15,000 20,000 25,000 50,000

Office and administrative support ...................... 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 10,000 10,000 20,000 30,000 50,000

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 10,000 10,000 20,000 25,000 50,000

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 10,000 15,000 20,000 – 50,000

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 10,000 15,000 20,000 35,000 50,000

Production ......................................................... 10,000 15,000 20,000 30,000 50,000

Transportation and material moving .................. 10,000 15,000 25,000 40,000 50,000

Full time ................................................................. 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Part time ................................................................ 5,000 – 10,000 25,000 –

Union ..................................................................... 6,000 10,000 20,000 – 50,000

Nonunion ............................................................... 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 10,000 10,000 20,000 25,000 –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 7,500 10,000 – 25,000 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 50,000

Third 25 percent ................................................ 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 10,000 15,000 30,000 50,000 –

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 10,000 15,000 – 50,000 –

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 10,000 15,000 20,000 – 50,000

Construction ...................................................... 10,000 10,000 20,000 25,000 50,000

Manufacturing .................................................... 10,000 15,000 20,000 35,000 50,000

Service-providing industries .................................. 10,000 – 25,000 50,000 50,000

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... – 10,000 20,000 25,000 50,000

Wholesale trade ............................................. 10,000 15,000 20,000 40,000 50,000

Retail trade .................................................... – 10,000 20,000 25,000 –

Transportation and warehousing ................... 10,000 15,000 25,000 40,000 –

Utilities ........................................................... 10,000 10,000 12,500 – 50,000

Information ......................................................... – 25,000 50,000 50,000 50,000

Financial activities ............................................. 15,000 – 25,000 50,000 50,000

Finance and insurance .................................. – 20,000 – 50,000 50,000

Credit intermediation and related activities 10,000 20,000 – 50,000 50,000

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 15,000 20,000 – 50,000 –

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 15,000 15,000 25,000 35,000 50,000

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 22. Life insurance plans: Flat-dollar amount benefit formulas,1 private industry

workers, March 2021—continued

(Includes workers participating in life insurance plans with flat-dollar amount formulas)

Characteristics

Flat dollar amount2

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

Professional and business services .................. $10,000 $15,000 – $50,000 –

Professional and technical services .............. 15,000 25,000 $50,000 50,000 –

Administrative and waste services ................ – 10,000 15,000 30,000 $50,000

Education and health services ........................... 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 52,000

Educational services ...................................... 10,000 – – 50,000 75,000

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 10,000 – – 50,000 –

Health care and social assistance ................. 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 52,000

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 10,000 10,000 10,000 20,000 50,000

Accommodation and food services ................ 10,000 10,000 10,000 – –

Other services ................................................... 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 10,000 – – 50,000 50,000

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 10,000 – 20,000 – 50,000

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 10,000 – 20,000 – 50,000

500 workers or more .......................................... – – – 50,000 –

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 10,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

New England ..................................................... – – 25,000 – 50,000

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 10,000 – 25,000 50,000 –

South ..................................................................... 10,000 15,000 20,000 40,000 50,000

South Atlantic .................................................... 10,000 – – – 50,000

East South Central ............................................ – 15,000 25,000 – 50,000

West South Central ........................................... 10,000 15,000 20,000 – 50,000

Midwest ................................................................. 10,000 15,000 20,000 35,000 50,000

East North Central ............................................. 10,000 15,000 20,000 30,000 50,000

West North Central ............................................ 10,000 15,000 20,000 – 50,000

West ...................................................................... 10,000 – 20,000 50,000 –

Mountain ............................................................ 10,000 – 20,000 50,000 50,000

Pacific ................................................................ 10,000 – 20,000 50,000 85,000

1 Includes participants in plans providing a fixed benefit amount. Dollar amounts can be a flat amount or can vary by the

employee’s earnings or length of service. 2 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th

percentile or median, half of participating workers receive the same as or more than the amount shown, and half receive the same as

or less than the amount shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers receive the same or less than the amount

shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 22. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Flat-dollar amount benefit formulas,1

private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Flat dollar amount2

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. $0.00 $790.17 $6,766.65 $4,702.25 $0.00

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.00 1,672.48 912.41 0.00 –

Management, business, and financial ............... 790.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 12,648.05

Professional and related .................................... 0.00 – 3,561.92 0.00 –

Service ................................................................... 1,117.47 0.00 4,279.60 2,234.95 0.00

Protective service .............................................. – 1,580.35 – – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 912.41 456.21 5,241.42 – 0.00

Sales and related ............................................... – 645.17 912.41 0.00 0.00

Office and administrative support ...................... 456.21 1,020.11 5,770.62 2,322.63 632.14

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 0.00 729.93 0.00 3,695.00 0.00

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 0.00 0.00 1,303.19 4,828.04 0.00

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 0.00 0.00 0.00 – 0.00

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.00 0.00 0.00 4,709.33 0.00

Production ......................................................... 0.00 0.00 0.00 2,873.74 0.00

Transportation and material moving .................. 0.00 0.00 6,888.58 3,676.93 0.00

Full time ................................................................. 0.00 0.00 2,234.95 1,824.83 0.00

Part time ................................................................ 258.07 – 0.00 2,234.95 –

Union ..................................................................... 328.98 0.00 0.00 – 0.00

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.00 0.00 3,404.17 1,642.35 0.00

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1,526.76 0.00 5,120.91 0.00 –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1,824.83 0.00 – 912.41 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.00 2,161.09 0.00 6,402.52 0.00

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.00 0.00 0.00 912.41 0.00

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.00 0.00 7,292.47 0.00 –

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.00 3,538.47 – 364.97 –

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.00 0.00 0.00 – 0.00

Construction ...................................................... 0.00 0.00 3,167.27 0.00 1,824.83

Manufacturing .................................................... 0.00 0.00 0.00 8,435.76 0.00

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.00 – 912.41 0.00 0.00

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... – 2,885.31 0.00 2,040.22 0.00

Wholesale trade ............................................. 0.00 0.00 1,824.83 11,643.21 0.00

Retail trade .................................................... – 0.00 2,234.95 1,290.35 –

Transportation and warehousing ................... 0.00 2,234.95 3,026.14 6,188.30 –

Utilities ........................................................... 0.00 0.00 1,117.47 – 0.00

Information ......................................................... – 7,412.49 12,642.78 0.00 0.00

Financial activities ............................................. 2,540.05 – 4,375.79 0.00 0.00

Finance and insurance .................................. – 2,040.22 – 0.00 6,451.74

Credit intermediation and related activities 2,885.31 5,698.03 – 0.00 0.00

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 3,649.66 5,080.11 – 0.00 –

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 3,621.03 0.00 2,414.02 6,255.20 0.00

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 22. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Flat-dollar amount benefit formulas,1

private industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Flat dollar amount2

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

Professional and business services .................. $0.00 $0.00 – $0.00 –

Professional and technical services .............. 0.00 2,414.02 $0.00 0.00 –

Administrative and waste services ................ – 0.00 0.00 6,096.13 $13,026.77

Education and health services ........................... 0.00 1,290.35 0.00 0.00 14,272.21

Educational services ...................................... 0.00 – – 0.00 7,688.14

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 0.00 – – 0.00 –

Health care and social assistance ................. 456.21 1,290.35 0.00 4,469.90 6,936.75

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 0.00 0.00 0.00 3,289.76 11,174.75

Accommodation and food services ................ 0.00 0.00 0.00 – –

Other services ................................................... 0.00 1,824.83 2,040.22 4,080.44 –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.00 0.00 1,824.83 4,360.54 0.00

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.00 – – 14,339.72 0.00

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.00 0.00 0.00 3,423.68 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.00 – 912.41 – 0.00

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.00 – 0.00 – 0.00

500 workers or more .......................................... – – – 0.00 –

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.00 2,345.81 982.70 0.00 6,386.90

New England ..................................................... – – 1,824.83 – 0.00

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.00 – 3,433.39 0.00 –

South ..................................................................... 0.00 912.41 2,420.91 11,333.05 0.00

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.00 – – – 0.00

East South Central ............................................ – 0.00 7,067.53 – 0.00

West South Central ........................................... 0.00 182.48 0.00 – 0.00

Midwest ................................................................. 0.00 0.00 4,741.04 7,848.89 0.00

East North Central ............................................. 0.00 0.00 4,741.04 8,316.50 0.00

West North Central ............................................ 0.00 0.00 4,997.50 – 0.00

West ...................................................................... 0.00 – 4,181.21 2,580.70 –

Mountain ............................................................ 0.00 – 2,737.24 11,931.37 0.00

Pacific ................................................................ 1,094.90 – 5,913.12 4,440.00 14,936.87

1 Includes participants in plans providing a fixed benefit amount. Dollar amounts can be a flat amount or can vary by the

employee’s earnings or length of service. 2 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th

percentile or median, half of participating workers receive the same as or more than the amount shown, and half receive the same as

or less than the amount shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers receive the same or less than the amount

shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 23. Short-term disability plans: Method of funding,

private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Noncommercially

insured1

Insured2

All workers ............................................................. 36 64

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 38 62

Management, business, and financial ............... 43 57

Professional and related .................................... 34 66

Service ................................................................... 32 68

Protective service .............................................. 34 66

Sales and office ..................................................... 43 57

Sales and related ............................................... 43 57

Office and administrative support ...................... 43 57

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 28 72

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 19 81

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 35 65

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 29 71

Production ......................................................... 33 67

Transportation and material moving .................. 25 75

Full time ................................................................. 38 62

Part time ................................................................ 25 75

Union ..................................................................... 29 71

Nonunion ............................................................... 37 63

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 33 67

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 27 73

Second 25 percent ............................................ 35 65

Third 25 percent ................................................ 33 67

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 40 60

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 41 59

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 32 68

Construction ...................................................... 16 84

Manufacturing .................................................... 36 64

Service-providing industries .................................. 37 63

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 37 63

Wholesale trade ............................................. 31 69

Retail trade .................................................... 46 54

Transportation and warehousing ................... 26 74

Utilities ........................................................... 47 53

Information ......................................................... 48 52

Financial activities ............................................. 63 37

Finance and insurance .................................. 71 29

Credit intermediation and related activities 74 26

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 69 31

Professional and business services .................. 30 70

Professional and technical services .............. 23 77

Administrative and waste services ................ 28 72

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. Short-term disability plans: Method of funding,

private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Noncommercially

insured1

Insured2

Education and health services ........................... 29 71

Educational services ...................................... 36 64

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 54 46

Health care and social assistance ................. 27 73

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 36 64

Accommodation and food services ................ 41 59

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 24 76

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 24 76

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 24 76

100 workers or more .............................................. 45 55

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 41 59

500 workers or more .......................................... 49 51

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 22 78

New England ..................................................... 36 64

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 19 81

South ..................................................................... 44 56

South Atlantic .................................................... 43 57

East South Central ............................................ 34 66

West South Central ........................................... 50 50

Midwest ................................................................. 45 55

East North Central ............................................. 45 55

West North Central ............................................ 45 55

West ...................................................................... 38 62

Mountain ............................................................ 45 55

Pacific ................................................................ 35 65

1 Employer assumes all risks and expenses of providing the benefit. 2 An entity other than the establishment assumes the risk for providing the benefit. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for

the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March

2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no

workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans,

key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 23. Standard errors for short-term disability plans:

Method of funding, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Noncommercially

insured1

Insured2

All workers ............................................................. 1.3 1.3

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 2.0 2.0

Management, business, and financial ............... 3.0 3.0

Professional and related .................................... 2.5 2.5

Service ................................................................... 5.7 5.7

Protective service .............................................. 10.1 10.1

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.6 1.6

Sales and related ............................................... 2.7 2.7

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.8 1.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.7 2.7

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 4.1 4.1

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.8 2.8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.9 1.9

Production ......................................................... 1.8 1.8

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.9 2.9

Full time ................................................................. 1.2 1.2

Part time ................................................................ 3.9 3.9

Union ..................................................................... 2.2 2.2

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.4 1.4

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 3.2 3.2

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 6.8 6.8

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2.2 2.2

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.5 1.5

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2.1 2.1

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 3.1 3.1

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.3 1.3

Construction ...................................................... 3.3 3.3

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.3 1.3

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.5 1.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 2.2 2.2

Wholesale trade ............................................. 3.8 3.8

Retail trade .................................................... 2.1 2.1

Transportation and warehousing ................... 3.3 3.3

Utilities ........................................................... 5.6 5.6

Information ......................................................... 5.2 5.2

Financial activities ............................................. 1.4 1.4

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.2 1.2

Credit intermediation and related activities 1.6 1.6

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 2.8 2.8

Professional and business services .................. 3.7 3.7

Professional and technical services .............. 4.0 4.0

Administrative and waste services ................ 6.8 6.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. Standard errors for short-term disability plans:

Method of funding, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Noncommercially

insured1

Insured2

Education and health services ........................... 3.7 3.7

Educational services ...................................... 4.1 4.1

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 3.6 3.6

Health care and social assistance ................. 4.3 4.3

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 8.1 8.1

Accommodation and food services ................ 9.9 9.9

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.2 2.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.6 2.6

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 4.0 4.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.8 1.8

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2.3 2.3

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.4 2.4

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.6 1.6

New England ..................................................... 4.4 4.4

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.8 1.8

South ..................................................................... 2.7 2.7

South Atlantic .................................................... 3.4 3.4

East South Central ............................................ 9.5 9.5

West South Central ........................................... 3.2 3.2

Midwest ................................................................. 1.9 1.9

East North Central ............................................. 2.3 2.3

West North Central ............................................ 3.5 3.5

West ...................................................................... 3.9 3.9

Mountain ............................................................ 6.4 6.4

Pacific ................................................................ 5.0 5.0

1 Employer assumes all risks and expenses of providing the benefit. 2 An entity other than the establishment assumes the risk for providing the benefit. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for

the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March

2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 24. Short-term disability plans: Employee contribution

requirement, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 13 87

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 10 90

Management, business, and financial ............... 8 92

Professional and related .................................... 11 89

Service ................................................................... 27 73

Sales and office ..................................................... 15 85

Sales and related ............................................... 16 84

Office and administrative support ...................... 14 86

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 10 90

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 7 93

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 12 88

Production ......................................................... 12 88

Transportation and material moving .................. 12 88

Full time ................................................................. 10 90

Part time ................................................................ 40 60

Nonunion ............................................................... 14 86

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 30 70

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 38 62

Second 25 percent ............................................ 12 88

Third 25 percent ................................................ 12 88

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 9 91

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 10 90

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 9 91

Manufacturing .................................................... 8 92

Service-providing industries .................................. 14 86

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 16 84

Wholesale trade ............................................. 15 85

Retail trade .................................................... 22 78

Transportation and warehousing ................... 8 92

Utilities ........................................................... 7 93

Financial activities ............................................. 6 94

Finance and insurance .................................. 4 96

Credit intermediation and related activities 4 96

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 17 83

Professional and business services .................. 11 89

Professional and technical services .............. 7 93

Administrative and waste services ................ 26 74

Education and health services ........................... 19 81

Educational services ...................................... 23 77

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 6 94

Health care and social assistance ................. 18 82

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Short-term disability plans: Employee contribution

requirement, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 36 64

Accommodation and food services ................ 40 60

Other services ................................................... 5 95

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 19 81

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 18 82

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 23 77

100 workers or more .............................................. 9 91

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 11 89

500 workers or more .......................................... 8 92

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 32 68

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 37 63

South ..................................................................... 6 94

South Atlantic .................................................... 8 92

East South Central ............................................ 5 95

West South Central ........................................... 4 96

Midwest ................................................................. 4 96

East North Central ............................................. 4 96

West North Central ............................................ 5 95

West ...................................................................... 5 95

Mountain ............................................................ 2 98

Pacific ................................................................ 7 93

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major plans,

key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 24. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Employee

contribution requirement, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 0.9 0.9

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.9 0.9

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.1 1.1

Professional and related .................................... 1.3 1.3

Service ................................................................... 4.6 4.6

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.9 0.9

Sales and related ............................................... 1.2 1.2

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.0 1.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.0 1.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.1 1.1

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.7 1.7

Production ......................................................... 1.7 1.7

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.7 2.7

Full time ................................................................. 0.7 0.7

Part time ................................................................ 4.7 4.7

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.0 1.0

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 4.4 4.4

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 5.9 5.9

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.9 0.9

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.2 1.2

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.0 1.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.3 1.3

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.3 1.3

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.4 1.4

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.1 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.0 1.0

Wholesale trade ............................................. 2.5 2.5

Retail trade .................................................... 2.0 2.0

Transportation and warehousing ................... 2.4 2.4

Utilities ........................................................... 2.3 2.3

Financial activities ............................................. 0.8 0.8

Finance and insurance .................................. 0.5 0.5

Credit intermediation and related activities 0.7 0.7

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 4.4 4.4

Professional and business services .................. 1.9 1.9

Professional and technical services .............. 1.6 1.6

Administrative and waste services ................ 6.4 6.4

Education and health services ........................... 2.2 2.2

Educational services ...................................... 3.8 3.8

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 0.9 0.9

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.5 2.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Employee

contribution requirement, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 7.0 7.0

Accommodation and food services ................ 9.5 9.5

Other services ................................................... 1.7 1.7

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.9 1.9

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.5 2.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 3.0 3.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.7 0.7

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.0 1.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.0 1.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.5 2.5

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 3.0 3.0

South ..................................................................... 1.0 1.0

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.5 1.5

East South Central ............................................ 1.9 1.9

West South Central ........................................... 0.6 0.6

Midwest ................................................................. 0.9 0.9

East North Central ............................................. 1.1 1.1

West North Central ............................................ 1.5 1.5

West ...................................................................... 1.2 1.2

Mountain ............................................................ 0.3 0.3

Pacific ................................................................ 1.9 1.9

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 25. Short-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment, private industry

workers, March 2021

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics Flat dollar

amounts

Dollar

amount

varies

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Other

All workers ............................................................. 3 1 72 22 1 ( )

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ – – 68 30 1

Management, business, and financial ............... – – 59 39 1

Professional and related .................................... 1 – 75 24 –

Service ................................................................... 2 – 93 6 –

Protective service .............................................. – – 82 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 1 1 ( ) 71 27 1 ( )

Sales and related ............................................... 2 – 71 26 –

Office and administrative support ...................... 1 – 71 27 –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 13 3 66 18 –

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 23 3 66 7 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 4 4 66 25 –

Production, transportation, and material moving:

Transportation and material moving ................ 5 6 79 9 –

Full time ................................................................. 4 2 71 24 1

Part time ................................................................ – 1 87 12 –

Union ..................................................................... 16 9 58 17 –

Nonunion ............................................................... 2 1 ( ) 74 23 1

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 3 1 87 10 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 5 – 79 15 –

Third 25 percent ................................................ 4 – 73 21 –

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2 1 63 33 1

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1 – 63 34 –

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 12 – 65 19 –

Service-providing industries .................................. 1 1 74 23 1

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... – 3 78 17 –

Wholesale trade ............................................. 4 – 78 16 –

Retail trade .................................................... 1 2 77 20 –

Transportation and warehousing ................... – 7 79 – –

Utilities ........................................................... – – 69 29 –

Information ......................................................... – – 36 59 –

Financial activities ............................................. – – 47 52 –

Finance and insurance .................................. – – 41 58 –

Credit intermediation and related activities – – 31 69 –

Insurance carriers and related activities .... – – 53 44 –

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ – – 82 – –

Professional and business services .................. – – 70 29 1

Professional and technical services .............. – – 75 24 –

Administrative and waste services ................ – – 78 21 –

Education and health services ........................... – – 95 5 –

Educational services ...................................... – – 85 13 –

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – – 78 22 –

Health care and social assistance ................. – – 97 3 –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 25. Short-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment, private industry

workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics Flat dollar

amounts

Dollar

amount

varies

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Other

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... – – 90 – –

Accommodation and food services ................ – – 91 – –

Other services ................................................... – – 89 – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 3 1 ( ) 80 16 1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3 1 ( ) 81 15 1

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 4 – 78 17 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 3 2 67 27 1 ( )

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 3 2 73 22 1 ( )

500 workers or more .......................................... 3 – 61 33 –

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1 – 82 16 –

New England ..................................................... 2 – 75 22 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1 – 84 15 –

South ..................................................................... 2 – 70 27 –

South Atlantic .................................................... 2 – 71 26 –

East South Central ............................................ 2 – 78 19 –

West South Central ........................................... 2 – 63 33 –

Midwest ................................................................. 9 3 63 23 1

East North Central ............................................. 10 3 62 25 1

West North Central ............................................ 9 – 66 20 –

West ...................................................................... 2 – 72 24 –

Mountain ............................................................ 3 – 68 27 –

Pacific ................................................................ – – 74 23 –

1 Less than 0.5. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not

meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit

Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 25. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment,

private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics Flat dollar

amounts

Dollar

amount

varies

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Other

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 0.3 1.2 1.1 0.1

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ – – 2.1 2.0 0.3

Management, business, and financial ............... – – 2.7 2.6 0.3

Professional and related .................................... 0.2 – 2.2 2.0 –

Service ................................................................... 0.8 – 1.8 1.5 –

Protective service .............................................. – – 6.0 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.2 0.1 1.3 1.2 0.2

Sales and related ............................................... 0.4 – 1.7 1.7 –

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.3 – 2.1 2.1 –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.8 0.8 3.1 2.6 –

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.5 1.0 5.1 2.9 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.4 1.6 3.6 3.2 –

Production, transportation, and material moving:

Transportation and material moving ................ 1.3 2.2 2.7 2.1 –

Full time ................................................................. 0.3 0.3 1.3 1.2 0.1

Part time ................................................................ – 0.1 2.2 2.1 –

Union ..................................................................... 1.8 1.8 2.8 1.8 –

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.2 0.2 1.4 1.3 0.1

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.6 0.2 1.7 1.6 –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.5 – 1.8 1.7 –

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.4 – 1.5 1.3 –

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.5 0.3 2.2 2.0 0.3

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.3 – 3.0 2.5 –

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.3 – 2.2 1.8 –

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.2 0.3 1.5 1.4 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... – 0.9 1.7 1.5 –

Wholesale trade ............................................. 1.2 – 3.2 2.6 –

Retail trade .................................................... 0.5 0.4 2.0 1.9 –

Transportation and warehousing ................... – 2.9 4.7 – –

Utilities ........................................................... – – 5.8 5.3 –

Information ......................................................... – – 5.2 4.3 –

Financial activities ............................................. – – 2.0 2.1 –

Finance and insurance .................................. – – 2.2 2.3 –

Credit intermediation and related activities – – 2.1 2.1 –

Insurance carriers and related activities .... – – 4.3 3.8 –

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ – – 6.0 – –

Professional and business services .................. – – 4.2 4.1 0.2

Professional and technical services .............. – – 4.6 4.6 –

Administrative and waste services ................ – – 5.3 5.3 –

Education and health services ........................... – – 1.4 1.3 –

Educational services ...................................... – – 1.9 1.6 –

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – – 3.0 3.0 –

Health care and social assistance ................. – – 1.5 1.5 –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 25. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment,

private industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics Flat dollar

amounts

Dollar

amount

varies

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Other

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... – – 3.5 – –

Accommodation and food services ................ – – 3.8 – –

Other services ................................................... – – 4.4 – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.7 0.1 1.2 1.0 0.1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.9 0.2 1.5 1.1 0.1

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.8 – 2.6 2.5 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.3 0.4 1.8 1.8 0.2

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.6 0.6 2.0 2.0 0.1

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.7 – 2.5 2.4 –

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.2 – 1.8 1.7 –

New England ..................................................... 0.8 – 3.0 2.5 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.2 – 2.1 2.0 –

South ..................................................................... 0.3 – 2.5 2.2 –

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.3 – 3.5 3.0 –

East South Central ............................................ 0.5 – 6.0 5.7 –

West South Central ........................................... 0.5 – 3.8 3.3 –

Midwest ................................................................. 1.3 0.9 2.8 2.7 0.2

East North Central ............................................. 1.7 0.9 3.6 3.6 0.3

West North Central ............................................ 1.2 – 4.0 3.3 –

West ...................................................................... 0.5 – 3.1 2.7 –

Mountain ............................................................ 1.0 – 3.9 4.6 –

Pacific ................................................................ – – 4.1 3.2 –

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 26. Short-term disability plans: Duration of

benefits, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics Fixed

duration

Duration

varies

All workers ............................................................. 95 5

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 95 5

Management, business, and financial ............... 95 5

Professional and related .................................... 95 5

Service ................................................................... 92 8

Sales and office ..................................................... 95 5

Sales and related ............................................... 96 4

Office and administrative support ...................... 95 5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 94 6

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 92 8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 95 5

Production ......................................................... 92 8

Transportation and material moving .................. 98 2

Full time ................................................................. 95 5

Part time ................................................................ 96 4

Nonunion ............................................................... 95 5

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 92 8

Second 25 percent ............................................ 96 4

Third 25 percent ................................................ 95 5

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 95 5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 95 5

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 95 5

Manufacturing .................................................... 94 6

Service-providing industries .................................. 95 5

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 95 5

Wholesale trade ............................................. 94 6

Retail trade .................................................... 98 2

Transportation and warehousing ................... 95 5

Utilities ........................................................... 84 16

Information ......................................................... 85 15

Financial activities ............................................. 94 6

Finance and insurance .................................. 94 6

Credit intermediation and related activities 93 7

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 96 4

Professional and business services .................. 96 4

Administrative and waste services ................ 94 6

Education and health services ........................... 95 5

Health care and social assistance ................. 95 5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 26. Short-term disability plans: Duration of

benefits, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics Fixed

duration

Duration

varies

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 95 5

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 96 4

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 93 7

100 workers or more .............................................. 95 5

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 96 4

500 workers or more .......................................... 93 7

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 96 4

New England ..................................................... 90 10

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 97 3

South ..................................................................... 94 6

South Atlantic .................................................... 94 6

East South Central ............................................ 95 5

West South Central ........................................... 96 4

Midwest ................................................................. 92 8

East North Central ............................................. 91 9

West North Central ............................................ 93 7

West ...................................................................... 96 4

Mountain ............................................................ 96 4

Pacific ................................................................ 96 4

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average

wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated

using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash

indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 26. Standard errors for short-term disability plans:

Duration of benefits, private industry workers, March

2021

Characteristics Fixed

duration

Duration

varies

All workers ............................................................. 0.5 0.5

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.6 0.6

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.8 0.8

Professional and related .................................... 1.0 1.0

Service ................................................................... 2.5 2.5

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.7 0.7

Sales and related ............................................... 0.9 0.9

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.8 0.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.3 1.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.0 2.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.7 0.7

Production ......................................................... 1.2 1.2

Transportation and material moving .................. 0.7 0.7

Full time ................................................................. 0.6 0.6

Part time ................................................................ 1.6 1.6

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.6 0.6

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2.5 2.5

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.7 0.7

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.6 0.6

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.6 0.6

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.8 0.8

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.9 0.9

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.1 1.1

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.6 0.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 0.8 0.8

Wholesale trade ............................................. 1.2 1.2

Retail trade .................................................... 0.5 0.5

Transportation and warehousing ................... 2.3 2.3

Utilities ........................................................... 4.8 4.8

Information ......................................................... 2.5 2.5

Financial activities ............................................. 0.9 0.9

Finance and insurance .................................. 0.7 0.7

Credit intermediation and related activities 1.1 1.1

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 1.2 1.2

Professional and business services .................. 0.9 0.9

Administrative and waste services ................ 2.9 2.9

Education and health services ........................... 2.0 2.0

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.3 2.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 26. Standard errors for short-term disability plans:

Duration of benefits, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics Fixed

duration

Duration

varies

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.9 0.9

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.1 1.1

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.8 1.8

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.6 0.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.8 0.8

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.9 0.9

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.6 0.6

New England ..................................................... 2.8 2.8

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.4 0.4

South ..................................................................... 1.3 1.3

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.2 2.2

East South Central ............................................ 1.4 1.4

West South Central ........................................... 1.4 1.4

Midwest ................................................................. 1.2 1.2

East North Central ............................................. 1.5 1.5

West North Central ............................................ 1.9 1.9

West ...................................................................... 1.0 1.0

Mountain ............................................................ 0.9 0.9

Pacific ................................................................ 1.4 1.4

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average

wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated

using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication

criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 27. Short-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers with fixed percent of annual earnings short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

50 percent 50 percent 51 to 59percent 60 percent 61 to 69percent

Greater

than 69

percent

All workers ............................................................. 1 23 2 44 15 16 62.1 60.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ – 17 – 46 14 22 63.9 60.0

Management, business, and financial ............... – 14 – 51 16 19 63.7 60.0

Professional and related .................................... – 18 – 44 13 24 64.0 60.0

Service ................................................................... – 34 – 40 14 8 59.1 60.0

Protective service .............................................. – 56 – – – 8 56.6 50.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 1 ( ) 31 2 37 15 15 61.6 60.0

Sales and related ............................................... – 36 2 37 11 15 61.6 60.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 1 28 2 37 18 15 61.6 60.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 21 – 53 13 9 60.8 60.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 27 – 47 14 5 58.5 60.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. – 16 – 57 13 13 62.7 60.0

Production, transportation, and material moving:

Transportation and material moving ................ 1 21 2 50 18 9 61.2 60.0

Full time ................................................................. 1 21 2 46 14 16 62.1 60.0

Part time ................................................................ – 38 – 27 19 15 61.8 60.0

Union ..................................................................... 1 30 2 36 16 14 61.0 60.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 1 22 2 45 15 16 62.2 60.0

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1 ( ) 31 3 37 17 11 60.6 60.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ – 30 – 44 14 9 59.6 60.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ – 20 – 48 14 15 62.3 60.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1 ( ) 16 1 43 15 25 64.7 60.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – 12 – 39 18 29 66.0 60.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 2 15 2 45 18 19 63.4 60.0

Service-providing industries .................................. – 25 – 44 14 15 61.8 60.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... – 32 – 39 15 13 61.2 60.0

Wholesale trade ............................................. – 14 – 50 17 19 64.9 60.0

Retail trade .................................................... – 53 – 27 10 8 57.8 50.0

Transportation and warehousing ................... – 18 – 51 18 11 62.4 60.0

Utilities ........................................................... – – – 32 29 37 69.8 67.0

Information ......................................................... – – – 56 – 27 64.6 60.0

Financial activities ............................................. – 17 – 44 13 25 64.7 60.0

Finance and insurance .................................. – 15 – 42 13 29 66.1 60.0

Credit intermediation and related activities – 20 – 34 18 26 65.1 60.0

Insurance carriers and related activities .... – 10 – 56 10 23 64.1 60.0

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ – 23 – 51 – – 60.9 60.0

Professional and business services .................. – 15 – 38 20 26 64.4 60.0

Professional and technical services .............. – – – 41 15 33 65.8 60.0

Administrative and waste services ................ – 37 – 25 29 – 60.4 60.0

Education and health services ........................... – 30 – 50 10 7 59.6 60.0

Educational services ...................................... – 28 – 38 – 24 65.3 60.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 24 – 38 4 34 69.3 60.0

Health care and social assistance ................. – 30 – 51 – 5 58.7 60.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 27. Short-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers with fixed percent of annual earnings short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

50 percent 50 percent 51 to 59percent 60 percent 61 to 69percent

Greater

than 69

percent

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... – 30 3 42 – 11 60.6 60.0

Accommodation and food services ................ – 32 3 43 – – 59.7 60.0

Other services ................................................... – 14 – 61 21 – 60.0 60.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... – 21 – 46 15 16 62.3 60.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 21 – 44 15 18 62.7 60.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 18 – 55 16 10 61.3 60.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 1 26 1 42 15 16 61.9 60.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2 27 1 40 17 12 61.1 60.0

500 workers or more .......................................... – 23 – 43 12 20 62.9 60.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... – 43 1 ( ) 24 19 13 60.3 60.0

New England ..................................................... – 11 – 57 20 13 63.0 60.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... – 50 1 ( ) 18 19 13 59.8 58.0

South ..................................................................... 1 15 1 ( ) 58 13 13 61.7 60.0

South Atlantic .................................................... – 14 – 60 13 12 61.7 60.0

East South Central ............................................ – – – 51 – 14 62.1 60.0

West South Central ........................................... 1 16 – 59 12 13 61.6 60.0

Midwest ................................................................. – 12 – 57 13 19 64.1 60.0

East North Central ............................................. – 11 – 57 11 21 64.2 60.0

West North Central ............................................ – 13 – 56 15 15 63.8 60.0

West ...................................................................... – 10 – 45 12 22 63.6 60.0

Mountain ............................................................ – 9 – 57 6 24 62.8 60.0

Pacific ................................................................ 1 – 11 40 15 – 64.0 60.0

1 Less than 0.5. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of

major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 27. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, private industry workers,

 March 2021

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

50 percent 50 percent 51 to 59percent 60 percent 61 to 69percent

Greater

than 69

percent

All workers ............................................................. 0.2 1.3 0.4 1.6 1.0 1.3 0.3 0.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ – 2.0 – 3.0 1.6 2.8 0.7 0.0

Management, business, and financial ............... – 2.8 – 4.1 2.2 1.9 0.4 0.0

Professional and related .................................... – 2.7 – 3.9 2.1 4.5 1.0 0.0

Service ................................................................... – 6.0 – 4.8 3.9 1.7 1.0 0.0

Protective service .............................................. – 10.7 – – – 2.6 1.2 8.6

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.2 1.8 0.4 1.8 1.4 1.3 0.4 0.0

Sales and related ............................................... – 2.8 0.7 2.6 2.4 2.4 0.8 0.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.2 2.0 0.6 2.2 1.4 1.4 0.5 0.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 3.0 – 4.2 1.8 2.0 0.8 0.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 6.1 – 7.9 2.7 1.7 0.7 0.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. – 2.7 – 4.8 2.4 3.0 1.2 0.0

Production, transportation, and material moving:

Transportation and material moving ................ 0.2 3.2 0.2 4.0 3.1 2.3 0.6 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.2 1.1 0.4 1.6 1.1 1.5 0.3 0.0

Part time ................................................................ – 4.0 – 3.9 4.1 1.6 0.9 0.0

Union ..................................................................... 0.6 3.4 0.8 4.0 2.9 2.4 0.8 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.2 1.5 0.4 1.7 1.1 1.4 0.4 0.0

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.2 2.6 0.5 3.9 3.6 1.5 0.7 0.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ – 2.6 – 2.7 1.9 1.3 0.5 0.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ – 1.9 – 2.2 1.8 2.0 0.5 0.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.1 1.6 0.4 2.5 1.5 2.2 0.5 0.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – 1.7 – 3.9 2.4 2.9 0.7 2.7

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.5 1.3 0.5 3.7 2.2 3.1 0.6 0.0

Service-providing industries .................................. – 1.5 – 1.8 1.2 1.5 0.4 0.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... – 1.8 – 2.1 1.6 1.3 0.5 0.0

Wholesale trade ............................................. – 1.4 – 4.4 3.0 3.6 1.1 0.0

Retail trade .................................................... – 3.1 – 2.5 1.3 1.2 0.6 2.5

Transportation and warehousing ................... – 4.8 – 5.8 4.3 3.2 0.9 0.0

Utilities ........................................................... – – – 7.3 5.3 8.0 2.0 0.0

Information ......................................................... – – – 6.4 – 8.1 2.7 0.0

Financial activities ............................................. – 2.5 – 3.2 2.0 3.1 1.1 0.0

Finance and insurance .................................. – 2.0 – 3.5 2.1 2.5 0.8 0.0

Credit intermediation and related activities – 3.7 – 3.6 3.4 2.1 1.2 1.3

Insurance carriers and related activities .... – 3.0 – 5.3 2.8 4.4 1.0 0.0

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ – 6.2 – 5.8 – – 2.3 0.0

Professional and business services .................. – 2.1 – 4.8 3.2 5.5 1.2 3.5

Professional and technical services .............. – – – 6.2 4.5 7.0 1.5 6.3

Administrative and waste services ................ – 5.7 – 5.2 7.5 – 1.5 0.0

Education and health services ........................... – 4.2 – 4.0 2.9 1.1 0.7 0.0

Educational services ...................................... – 3.7 – 3.9 – 3.7 1.4 0.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 3.4 – 6.3 0.5 4.3 1.6 0.0

Health care and social assistance ................. – 4.8 – 4.5 – 1.2 0.9 0.0

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... – 4.2 1.2 7.8 – 2.0 0.8 0.0

Accommodation and food services ................ – 5.8 1.4 9.2 – – 2.1 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 27. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, private industry workers,

 March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

50 percent 50 percent 51 to 59percent 60 percent 61 to 69percent

Greater

than 69

percent

Other services ................................................... – 3.9 – 7.5 4.5 – 0.4 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... – 1.8 – 2.5 1.6 2.6 0.6 0.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 2.8 – 2.8 2.1 3.1 0.8 0.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 3.7 – 5.3 3.3 2.2 0.6 0.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.4 2.0 0.3 2.1 1.4 1.3 0.4 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.7 2.4 0.3 2.7 2.1 1.4 0.5 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... – 2.3 – 2.7 1.5 2.0 0.6 0.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... – 1.9 0.2 2.0 2.0 1.0 0.5 0.0

New England ..................................................... – 1.6 – 5.8 3.9 2.3 0.6 0.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... – 1.9 0.2 1.5 2.2 1.1 0.6 10.6

South ..................................................................... 0.3 1.5 0.1 3.5 1.9 1.4 0.3 0.0

South Atlantic .................................................... – 1.7 – 4.6 2.4 1.9 0.4 0.0

East South Central ............................................ – – – 10.7 – 4.0 1.0 0.0

West South Central ........................................... 0.4 3.1 – 6.2 2.5 2.3 0.8 0.0

Midwest ................................................................. – 1.3 – 3.1 1.8 3.0 0.6 0.0

East North Central ............................................. – 1.6 – 4.2 1.8 4.4 0.7 0.0

West North Central ............................................ – 2.0 – 3.9 4.2 2.8 1.0 0.0

West ...................................................................... – 2.3 – 3.3 2.5 5.4 1.3 0.0

Mountain ............................................................ – 1.7 – 4.8 1.7 4.4 1.0 0.0

Pacific ................................................................ 0.4 – 3.2 4.6 3.8 – 1.7 0.0

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 28. Short-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers with fixed percent of annual earnings short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum weekly benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 78 $170 – $881 $1,700 $2,500 22

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 75 170 $633 1,500 2,308 3,000 25

Management, business, and financial ............... 80 170 650 1,500 2,308 3,000 20

Professional and related .................................... 72 170 600 1,385 2,307 3,000 28

Service ................................................................... 78 170 170 637 1,000 2,000 22

Sales and office ..................................................... 83 170 200 650 1,500 3,000 17

Sales and related ............................................... 87 170 200 600 1,500 – 13

Office and administrative support ...................... 80 170 200 750 1,500 3,000 20

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 84 170 – 715 1,250 1,500 16

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 80 170 500 808 1,385 1,500 20

Production, transportation, and material moving:

Transportation and material moving ................ 87 170 500 633 – 2,500 13

Full time ................................................................. 77 170 370 1,000 2,000 3,000 23

Part time ................................................................ 85 170 170 633 903 – 15

Union ..................................................................... 79 170 170 500 637 1,000 21

Nonunion ............................................................... 78 170 – 1,000 2,000 3,000 22

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 82 170 200 637 1,000 2,000 18

Second 25 percent ............................................ 80 170 175 650 1,500 3,000 20

Third 25 percent ................................................ 80 170 400 881 1,500 2,500 20

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 74 170 600 1,385 2,307 3,000 26

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 75 170 650 1,500 2,500 3,250 25

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 72 170 500 650 1,500 2,500 28

Service-providing industries .................................. 80 170 200 903 2,000 2,900 20

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 86 170 200 600 1,480 2,500 14

Wholesale trade ............................................. 83 170 500 1,000 1,500 2,500 17

Retail trade .................................................... 91 170 200 – 1,000 – 9

Transportation and warehousing ................... 83 170 – – – – 17

Utilities ........................................................... 58 170 – – 2,500 – 42

Financial activities ............................................. 65 170 750 1,300 2,500 – 35

Finance and insurance .................................. 55 – 1,000 1,500 2,500 6,500 45

Credit intermediation and related activities 67 – 1,000 1,500 – 8,077 33

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 47 – 903 1,500 2,500 – 53

Professional and business services .................. 79 170 637 1,500 2,000 2,500 21

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 28. Short-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers with fixed percent of annual earnings short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum weekly benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

Education and health services ........................... 75 $170 – $692 – $3,000 25

Educational services ...................................... 75 170 – 692 $1,500 2,308 25

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 51 170 – – – 2,600 49

Health care and social assistance ................. 75 170 – 750 – 3,000 25

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 82 170 – 881 1,500 2,500 18

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 83 170 – 881 1,500 2,300 17

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 80 170 $500 881 1,500 2,500 20

100 workers or more .............................................. 75 170 200 881 2,000 3,250 25

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 82 170 200 881 2,000 2,500 18

500 workers or more .......................................... 66 170 – 881 2,350 4,375 34

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 89 170 170 500 881 – 11

New England ..................................................... 68 500 633 – 2,000 2,500 32

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 93 170 170 – 667 – 7

South ..................................................................... 75 – 600 1,200 2,300 3,000 25

South Atlantic .................................................... 74 500 – 1,250 2,300 3,000 26

East South Central ............................................ 74 – 577 – – – 26

West South Central ........................................... 78 200 528 1,385 2,000 2,500 22

Midwest ................................................................. 67 200 500 1,000 2,000 2,500 33

East North Central ............................................. 66 200 500 1,000 2,000 – 34

West North Central ............................................ 70 200 500 1,000 2,000 2,500 30

West ...................................................................... 77 200 594 1,500 2,500 4,375 23

1 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile,

one-fourth of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 28. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, private industry

workers, March 2021

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum weekly benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 1.7 $0.00 – $117.30 $424.22 $452.84 1.7

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 3.6 0.00 $30.00 183.66 100.83 18.25 3.6

Management, business, and financial ............... 2.3 0.00 82.63 29.68 251.43 264.60 2.3

Professional and related .................................... 5.4 0.00 40.53 270.25 63.02 86.08 5.4

Service ................................................................... 4.5 0.00 0.00 64.58 0.00 0.00 4.5

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.4 0.00 0.00 42.06 114.80 85.90 1.4

Sales and related ............................................... 1.8 0.00 0.00 67.26 145.58 – 1.8

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.8 0.00 0.00 87.12 278.88 260.96 1.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.4 0.00 – 107.10 231.58 0.00 2.4

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 3.2 9.48 5.11 191.74 168.68 111.75 3.2

Production, transportation, and material moving:

Transportation and material moving ................ 2.1 20.48 121.97 41.75 – 0.00 2.1

Full time ................................................................. 1.8 0.00 106.20 57.30 36.50 396.52 1.8

Part time ................................................................ 3.0 0.00 0.00 134.38 33.69 – 3.0

Union ..................................................................... 3.7 0.00 0.00 0.00 16.31 25.03 3.7

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.8 0.00 – 103.21 104.83 521.41 1.8

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 3.1 0.00 11.47 24.86 0.00 131.91 3.1

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2.5 0.00 34.13 28.04 319.13 688.86 2.5

Third 25 percent ................................................ 2.0 0.00 86.10 89.98 333.12 0.00 2.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2.7 0.00 55.40 276.65 148.41 85.10 2.7

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 3.3 0.00 14.21 0.00 175.96 494.63 3.3

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 2.0 0.00 30.56 71.73 0.00 154.20 2.0

Service-providing industries .................................. 2.0 0.00 32.80 38.90 403.85 477.05 2.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.4 0.00 0.00 35.94 231.20 482.82 1.4

Wholesale trade ............................................. 2.6 0.00 103.89 0.00 102.81 159.88 2.6

Retail trade .................................................... 1.6 0.00 0.00 – 89.39 – 1.6

Transportation and warehousing ................... 3.5 0.00 – – – – 3.5

Utilities ........................................................... 8.6 0.00 – – 446.99 – 8.6

Financial activities ............................................. 2.9 0.00 193.32 199.37 298.62 – 2.9

Finance and insurance .................................. 3.1 – 74.06 0.00 591.31 1,168.94 3.1

Credit intermediation and related activities 3.4 – 0.00 0.00 – 1,908.89 3.4

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 6.1 – 164.99 329.86 474.10 – 6.1

Professional and business services .................. 6.3 0.00 1.63 86.53 333.97 544.40 6.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 28. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, private industry

workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum weekly benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

Education and health services ........................... 4.9 $0.00 – $103.19 – $324.39 4.9

Educational services ...................................... 3.7 0.00 – 128.90 $184.97 254.98 3.7

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 4.9 0.00 – – – 239.98 4.9

Health care and social assistance ................. 5.6 0.00 – 120.80 – 204.02 5.6

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.7 0.00 – 144.23 0.00 249.12 2.7

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3.6 0.00 – 127.09 0.00 163.47 3.6

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 3.7 0.00 $97.58 232.74 36.50 712.02 3.7

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.6 0.00 52.22 152.93 368.65 361.42 1.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.8 0.00 32.69 203.28 122.92 356.98 1.8

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.9 0.00 – 180.65 238.65 711.91 2.9

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.0 0.00 0.00 130.02 5.68 – 2.0

New England ..................................................... 6.4 38.71 96.91 – 479.34 562.75 6.4

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.5 0.00 0.00 – 32.65 – 1.5

South ..................................................................... 2.6 – 118.58 284.02 356.24 621.98 2.6

South Atlantic .................................................... 3.6 113.23 – 359.20 284.58 432.80 3.6

East South Central ............................................ 7.5 – 96.84 – – – 7.5

West South Central ........................................... 3.4 0.00 137.60 220.43 331.33 0.00 3.4

Midwest ................................................................. 2.8 0.00 0.00 154.84 48.67 279.42 2.8

East North Central ............................................. 3.7 0.00 0.00 241.92 339.50 – 3.7

West North Central ............................................ 3.7 32.90 148.73 51.61 127.87 0.00 3.7

West ...................................................................... 6.2 47.84 49.20 245.21 212.75 700.14 6.2

1 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile,

one-fourth of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 29. Long-term disability plans: Employee contribution

requirement, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers with long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 5 95

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 4 96

Management, business, and financial ............... 3 97

Professional and related .................................... 5 95

Service ................................................................... 12 88

Sales and office ..................................................... 5 95

Sales and related ............................................... 6 94

Office and administrative support ...................... 5 95

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 6 94

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 9 91

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 5 95

Production ......................................................... 3 97

Transportation and material moving .................. 7 93

Full time ................................................................. 5 95

Part time ................................................................ 5 95

Union ..................................................................... 8 92

Nonunion ............................................................... 5 95

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 6 94

Second 25 percent ............................................ 7 93

Third 25 percent ................................................ 5 95

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 4 96

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 4 96

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 6 94

Manufacturing .................................................... 3 97

Service-providing industries .................................. 5 95

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 8 92

Wholesale trade ............................................. 2 98

Retail trade .................................................... 12 88

Utilities ........................................................... 10 90

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 29. Long-term disability plans: Employee contribution

requirement, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

Information ......................................................... 4 96

Financial activities ............................................. 2 98

Finance and insurance .................................. 2 98

Credit intermediation and related activities 2 98

Professional and business services .................. 2 98

Professional and technical services .............. 2 98

Education and health services ........................... 9 91

Educational services ...................................... 10 90

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 11 89

Health care and social assistance ................. 8 92

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... – 100

Accommodation and food services ................ – 100

Other services ................................................... – 100

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 6 94

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 6 94

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 5 95

100 workers or more .............................................. 5 95

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 4 96

500 workers or more .......................................... 5 95

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 5 95

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 4 96

South ..................................................................... 6 94

South Atlantic .................................................... 6 94

West South Central ........................................... 6 94

Midwest ................................................................. 5 95

East North Central ............................................. 5 95

West North Central ............................................ 4 96

West ...................................................................... 4 96

Mountain ............................................................ 7 93

Pacific ................................................................ 3 97

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in

this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and

related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 29. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Employee

contribution requirement, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 0.6 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.7 0.7

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.6 0.6

Professional and related .................................... 1.0 1.0

Service ................................................................... 3.4 3.4

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.7 0.7

Sales and related ............................................... 1.7 1.7

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.7 0.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.1 1.1

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.4 1.4

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.0 1.0

Production ......................................................... 0.8 0.8

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.9 1.9

Full time ................................................................. 0.7 0.7

Part time ................................................................ 2.1 2.1

Union ..................................................................... 1.5 1.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.7 0.7

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.4 1.4

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.6 1.6

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.7 0.7

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.5 0.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.5 0.5

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.0 1.0

Manufacturing .................................................... 0.8 0.8

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.8 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.3 1.3

Wholesale trade ............................................. 0.8 0.8

Retail trade .................................................... 1.7 1.7

Utilities ........................................................... 2.4 2.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 29. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Employee

contribution requirement, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

Information ......................................................... 1.7 1.7

Financial activities ............................................. 0.4 0.4

Finance and insurance .................................. 0.5 0.5

Credit intermediation and related activities 0.5 0.5

Professional and business services .................. 0.7 0.7

Professional and technical services .............. 0.6 0.6

Education and health services ........................... 2.5 2.5

Educational services ...................................... 2.0 2.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.8 1.8

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.0 3.0

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... – 0.0

Accommodation and food services ................ – 0.0

Other services ................................................... – 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.4 1.4

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.7 1.7

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.6 2.6

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.5 0.5

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.8 0.8

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.8 0.8

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.5 1.5

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.8 0.8

South ..................................................................... 1.6 1.6

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.3 2.3

West South Central ........................................... 1.8 1.8

Midwest ................................................................. 0.8 0.8

East North Central ............................................. 1.0 1.0

West North Central ............................................ 1.2 1.2

West ...................................................................... 0.8 0.8

Mountain ............................................................ 2.3 2.3

Pacific ................................................................ 0.6 0.6

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of

major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 30. Long-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment, private

industry workers, March 2021

(All workers with long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amounts Other

All workers ............................................................. 96 3 1 1 ( )

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 97 3 – –

Management, business, and financial ............... 97 3 – –

Professional and related .................................... 97 3 – –

Service ................................................................... 99 – – –

Protective service .............................................. 98 – – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 97 3 – –

Sales and related ............................................... 95 4 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 97 2 – –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 86 7 5 2

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 78 – 9 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 91 6 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 92 – 5 –

Production ......................................................... 89 3 8 –

Transportation and material moving .................. 97 2 – –

Full time ................................................................. 96 3 1 1 ( )

Part time ................................................................ 93 6 – –

Union ..................................................................... 83 3 11 2

Nonunion ............................................................... 97 3 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Average wage within the following categories:2

Second 25 percent ............................................ 97 2 1 –

Third 25 percent ................................................ 95 3 – –

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 95 4 1 1

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 96 3 – –

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 88 6 5 1

Manufacturing .................................................... 90 5 6 –

Service-providing industries .................................. 97 2 – –

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 95 5 – –

Wholesale trade ............................................. 94 6 – –

Retail trade .................................................... 94 6 – –

Transportation and warehousing ................... 98 – – –

Utilities ........................................................... 88 12 – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 30. Long-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment, private

industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amounts Other

Information ......................................................... 99 – – –

Financial activities ............................................. 96 – – –

Finance and insurance .................................. 97 – – –

Credit intermediation and related activities 99 – – –

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 93 – – –

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 91 – – –

Professional and business services .................. 98 – – –

Professional and technical services .............. 98 – – –

Education and health services ........................... 99 – – 1 ( )

Educational services ...................................... 99 – – –

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 99 – – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 99 – – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 96 3 1 1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 97 3 1 ( ) 1 ( )

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 94 – 1 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 96 3 2 1 ( )

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 96 2 1 –

500 workers or more .......................................... 95 3 2 1 ( )

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 97 2 – –

New England ..................................................... 96 3 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 97 2 – –

South ..................................................................... 96 3 – –

South Atlantic .................................................... 96 3 – –

East South Central ............................................ 97 2 – –

West South Central ........................................... 97 – 1 () –

Midwest ................................................................. 93 4 3 1 ( )

East North Central ............................................. 93 3 – –

West North Central ............................................ 92 5 – –

West ...................................................................... 98 – – –

Mountain ............................................................ 99 – – –

Pacific ................................................................ 97 – – –

1 Less than 0.5. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category

or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 30. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Method of benefit

payment, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amounts Other

All workers ............................................................. 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.1

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.5 0.5 – –

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.6 0.5 – –

Professional and related .................................... 0.6 0.6 – –

Service ................................................................... 0.6 – – –

Protective service .............................................. 1.7 – – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.7 0.7 – –

Sales and related ............................................... 1.5 1.5 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.8 0.8 – –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.2 2.0 1.3 0.9

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.8 – 1.8 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.4 1.8 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.6 – 1.2 –

Production ......................................................... 2.7 1.1 1.9 –

Transportation and material moving .................. 0.8 0.6 – –

Full time ................................................................. 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.1

Part time ................................................................ 3.1 2.9 – –

Union ..................................................................... 2.1 1.3 2.0 0.8

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.4 0.4 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Average wage within the following categories:2

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.7 0.7 0.3 –

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.8 0.7 – –

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.2

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.8 0.7 – –

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.4 0.9 1.0 0.3

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.7 1.1 1.1 –

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.4 0.4 – –

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 0.8 0.7 – –

Wholesale trade ............................................. 1.9 1.9 – –

Retail trade .................................................... 1.2 1.2 – –

Transportation and warehousing ................... 1.1 – – –

Utilities ........................................................... 2.8 2.7 – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 30. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Method of benefit

payment, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amounts Other

Information ......................................................... 0.5 – – –

Financial activities ............................................. 1.5 – – –

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.5 – – –

Credit intermediation and related activities 0.2 – – –

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 3.9 – – –

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 6.4 – – –

Professional and business services .................. 1.1 – – –

Professional and technical services .............. 1.6 – – –

Education and health services ........................... 0.5 – – 0.1

Educational services ...................................... 0.2 – – –

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 0.2 – – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 0.6 – – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.7 0.7 0.2 0.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.0 – 0.6 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.9 0.8 0.4 –

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.1

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.7 0.6 – –

New England ..................................................... 1.7 1.1 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.7 0.7 – –

South ..................................................................... 0.9 0.7 – –

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.3 1.1 – –

East South Central ............................................ 1.2 1.2 – –

West South Central ........................................... 1.4 – 0.2 –

Midwest ................................................................. 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.2

East North Central ............................................. 1.2 0.8 – –

West North Central ............................................ 1.2 1.0 – –

West ...................................................................... 1.1 – – –

Mountain ............................................................ 0.4 – – –

Pacific ................................................................ 1.6 – – –

1 Less than 0.05. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 31. Long-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, private industry workers, March

2021

(All workers with a fixed percent of annual earnings long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

60 percent 60 percent 61 to 66percent 67 percent

Greater

than 67

percent

All workers ............................................................. 26 64 3 6 1 57.6 60.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 27 63 4 5 1 57.4 60.0

Management, business, and financial ............... 24 67 3 4 1 57.4 60.0

Professional and related .................................... 28 60 – 6 – 57.5 60.0

Service ................................................................... 42 48 – 7 – 56.3 60.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 26 64 2 7 1 57.7 60.0

Sales and related ............................................... 28 62 – 8 – 57.2 60.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 25 64 3 7 1 57.9 60.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 16 79 2 3 – 58.3 60.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 90 – – – 60.0 60.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 22 73 2 2 – 57.4 60.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 19 71 4 4 1 58.7 60.0

Production ......................................................... 20 69 5 4 2 58.7 60.0

Transportation and material moving .................. 18 74 – 5 – 58.7 60.0

Full time ................................................................. 26 64 3 6 1 57.7 60.0

Part time ................................................................ 41 50 3 – – 54.9 60.0

Union ..................................................................... 35 61 3 – – 56.7 60.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 25 64 3 6 1 57.7 60.0

Average wage within the following categories:1

Second 25 percent ............................................ 30 60 – 7 – 57.4 60.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 22 69 3 6 1 58.1 60.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 27 63 5 5 1 57.4 60.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 28 61 5 5 1 57.4 60.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 22 68 7 3 1 58.4 60.0

Manufacturing .................................................... 23 64 9 4 1 58.4 60.0

Service-providing industries .................................. 27 63 3 6 1 57.5 60.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 22 67 3 8 1 58.2 60.0

Wholesale trade ............................................. 18 71 – 6 – 58.8 60.0

Retail trade .................................................... 26 63 – 7 – 56.8 60.0

Transportation and warehousing ................... 18 72 – – – 58.7 60.0

Utilities ........................................................... 38 37 12 14 – 57.8 60.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 31. Long-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers with a fixed percent of annual earnings long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

60 percent 60 percent 61 to 66percent 67 percent

Greater

than 67

percent

Information ......................................................... 31 64 – – – 55.8 60.0

Financial activities ............................................. 33 56 3 7 1 57.0 60.0

Finance and insurance .................................. 36 55 3 6 1 56.7 60.0

Credit intermediation and related activities 32 56 3 9 1 57.6 60.0

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 45 49 3 – – 55.0 60.0

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ – 69 – – – 60.1 60.0

Professional and business services .................. 21 71 – 4 – 57.8 60.0

Professional and technical services .............. 23 68 – 5 – 57.6 60.0

Education and health services ........................... 32 56 – 8 – 57.1 60.0

Educational services ...................................... – 82 5 11 – 60.9 60.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 81 5 10 – 60.8 60.0

Health care and social assistance ................. 39 50 – 7 – 56.3 60.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 23 67 3 4 2 58.2 60.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 25 66 3 3 3 58.1 60.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 18 70 4 8 1 58.6 60.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 28 62 – 6 – 57.2 60.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 22 67 – 9 – 58.0 60.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 34 57 5 – – 56.5 60.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 22 71 2 4 1 57.7 60.0

New England ..................................................... 20 75 – 2 – 58.3 60.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 24 69 – 5 – 57.4 60.0

South ..................................................................... 28 64 2 6 1 57.1 60.0

South Atlantic .................................................... 31 62 1 5 1 56.6 60.0

East South Central ............................................ 22 70 – 3 – 58.0 60.0

West South Central ........................................... 25 63 – – – 57.5 60.0

Midwest ................................................................. 20 70 4 6 2 ( ) 58.5 60.0

East North Central ............................................. 20 67 – 8 – 58.6 60.0

West North Central ............................................ 19 75 3 3 1 58.3 60.0

West ...................................................................... 34 52 7 – – 57.5 60.0

Mountain ............................................................ 38 55 – 1 – 56.3 60.0

Pacific ................................................................ 32 51 – 8 – 58.0 60.0

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021. 2 Less than 0.5.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 31. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, private industry

workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

60 percent 60 percent 61 to 66percent 67 percent

Greater

than 67

percent

All workers ............................................................. 1.6 1.5 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 2.3 2.0 0.8 1.0 0.2 0.4 0.0

Management, business, and financial ............... 2.4 2.6 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.0

Professional and related .................................... 3.4 2.8 – 1.4 – 0.5 0.0

Service ................................................................... 5.7 5.5 – 2.6 – 1.1 0.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.5 1.7 0.5 1.1 0.4 0.3 0.0

Sales and related ............................................... 3.1 3.3 – 2.0 – 0.5 0.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.6 1.9 0.5 1.3 0.5 0.3 0.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.9 2.3 0.6 1.3 – 0.3 0.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 4.1 – – – 0.3 0.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.6 3.0 0.9 0.8 – 0.4 0.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.4 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.2 0.0

Production ......................................................... 1.8 2.1 1.6 1.5 0.6 0.3 0.0

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.4 3.3 – 1.3 – 0.4 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 1.7 1.5 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.0

Part time ................................................................ 5.7 5.9 1.7 – – 1.2 0.0

Union ..................................................................... 3.2 3.5 1.1 – – 0.4 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.7 1.6 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.0

Average wage within the following categories:1

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2.6 2.8 – 1.7 – 0.5 0.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.8 1.8 0.5 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2.0 1.7 0.9 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.5 2.0 1.2 1.6 0.4 0.5 0.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.3 2.0 1.2 1.1 0.2 0.2 0.0

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.4 2.3 1.5 1.4 0.2 0.2 0.0

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.9 1.7 0.6 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 2.0 2.4 0.5 1.2 0.4 0.3 0.0

Wholesale trade ............................................. 3.2 3.0 – 0.8 – 0.5 0.0

Retail trade .................................................... 3.3 3.9 – 1.8 – 0.6 0.0

Transportation and warehousing ................... 3.6 4.7 – – – 0.5 0.0

Utilities ........................................................... 6.1 4.5 3.2 3.2 – 0.9 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 31. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, private industry

workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

60 percent 60 percent 61 to 66percent 67 percent

Greater

than 67

percent

Information ......................................................... 3.2 3.9 – – – 0.6 0.0

Financial activities ............................................. 1.6 2.1 0.6 1.3 0.2 0.2 0.0

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.7 1.9 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.0

Credit intermediation and related activities 2.1 2.6 0.4 1.3 0.2 0.2 0.0

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 3.4 3.5 1.1 – – 0.5 0.0

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ – 7.0 – – – 1.2 0.0

Professional and business services .................. 4.5 3.3 – 1.7 – 0.7 0.0

Professional and technical services .............. 5.4 3.6 – 2.3 – 0.8 0.0

Education and health services ........................... 4.5 3.9 – 2.3 – 0.9 0.0

Educational services ...................................... – 2.3 1.4 1.5 – 0.1 0.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 2.0 1.4 1.7 – 0.2 0.0

Health care and social assistance ................. 5.3 4.5 – 2.8 – 1.1 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 3.1 2.7 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3.9 3.6 0.7 0.7 1.1 0.7 0.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.8 3.7 1.5 2.7 0.3 0.4 0.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.5 1.7 – 1.2 – 0.3 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2.1 3.0 – 2.0 – 0.4 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.0 1.8 1.1 – – 0.3 0.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.9 3.6 0.7 1.1 0.5 0.5 0.0

New England ..................................................... 5.1 6.2 – 1.0 – 0.8 0.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 3.1 3.9 – 1.7 – 0.5 0.0

South ..................................................................... 3.3 3.1 0.6 1.4 0.2 0.6 0.0

South Atlantic .................................................... 5.5 4.7 0.7 1.2 0.2 0.9 0.0

East South Central ............................................ 3.6 6.1 – 1.3 – 0.4 0.0

West South Central ........................................... 2.2 3.1 – – – 0.7 0.0

Midwest ................................................................. 1.1 1.8 0.6 1.7 0.1 0.2 0.0

East North Central ............................................. 1.2 2.2 – 2.3 – 0.2 0.0

West North Central ............................................ 2.5 2.7 0.9 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.0

West ...................................................................... 3.8 2.6 2.0 – – 0.8 0.0

Mountain ............................................................ 5.2 3.8 – 0.2 – 0.6 0.0

Pacific ................................................................ 5.1 3.3 – 2.6 – 1.1 0.0

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 32. Long-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers participating in fixed percent of annual earnings long-term disability plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum monthly benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 90 $5,000 $6,000 $10,000 $15,000 $20,000 10

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 90 5,000 – 10,000 15,000 20,000 10

Management, business, and financial ............... 89 5,000 8,000 10,000 15,000 21,000 11

Professional and related .................................... 91 4,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 9

Service ................................................................... 94 – 5,000 10,000 12,500 15,000 6

Sales and office ..................................................... 89 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 11

Office and administrative support ...................... 88 4,500 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 12

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 95 3,000 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 5

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 99 – 5,000 6,000 9,000 15,000 1

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 92 – 5,000 8,000 10,000 15,000 8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 91 – 5,000 8,000 10,000 15,000 9

Production ......................................................... 87 5,000 6,000 10,000 12,500 15,000 13

Transportation and material moving .................. 95 – 5,000 7,000 10,000 15,000 5

Full time ................................................................. 90 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 10

Part time ................................................................ 94 – – 10,000 12,500 – 6

Union ..................................................................... 91 – – 7,500 10,000 15,000 9

Nonunion ............................................................... 90 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 10

Average wage within the following categories:2

Second 25 percent ............................................ 89 5,000 5,000 10,000 12,500 15,000 11

Third 25 percent ................................................ 89 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 11

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 91 5,000 7,500 10,000 15,000 20,000 9

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 90 5,000 8,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 10

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 88 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 12

Manufacturing .................................................... 86 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 14

Service-providing industries .................................. 91 4,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 9

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 92 – 5,000 8,000 10,000 15,000 8

Wholesale trade ............................................. 92 5,000 5,000 10,000 12,000 15,000 8

Retail trade .................................................... 97 5,000 5,000 6,000 – 10,000 3

Transportation and warehousing ................... 93 – 7,000 10,000 12,000 15,000 7

Utilities ........................................................... 74 10,000 11,000 – 15,000 15,000 26

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 32. Long-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers participating in fixed percent of annual earnings long-term disability plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum monthly benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

Information ......................................................... 95 $5,000 $6,000 $10,000 $15,000 $15,000 5

Financial activities ............................................. 83 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 30,000 17

Finance and insurance .................................. 83 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 30,000 17

Credit intermediation and related activities 84 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 30,000 16

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 76 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 30,000 24

Professional and business services .................. 91 6,000 9,000 10,000 – 20,000 9

Professional and technical services .............. 92 6,000 10,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 8

Education and health services ........................... 92 3,000 5,000 8,500 12,500 15,000 8

Educational services ...................................... 92 4,500 6,000 8,000 11,500 15,000 8

Health care and social assistance ................. 92 2,500 5,000 10,000 12,500 15,000 8

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 91 4,000 5,000 10,000 12,000 – 9

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 92 4,000 5,000 10,000 12,500 20,000 8

100 workers or more .............................................. 90 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 10

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 92 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 8

500 workers or more .......................................... 88 3,500 7,500 10,000 15,000 20,833 12

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 91 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 15,000 9

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 94 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 15,000 6

South ..................................................................... 92 – 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 8

South Atlantic .................................................... 93 – 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 7

West South Central ........................................... 93 4,000 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 7

Midwest ................................................................. 86 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 14

East North Central ............................................. 84 5,000 6,000 10,000 12,500 20,000 16

West ...................................................................... 92 – 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 8

Mountain ............................................................ 94 5,000 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 6

Pacific ................................................................ 91 – 6,000 10,000 15,000 20,833 9

1 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile,

one-fourth of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 32. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, private industry

workers, March 2021

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum monthly benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 0.7 $974.70 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 0.7

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.1 0.00 – 0.00 0.00 402.18 1.1

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.2 0.00 746.21 226.86 0.00 3,850.71 1.2

Professional and related .................................... 1.6 1,182.56 172.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.6

Service ................................................................... 2.3 – 182.48 1,102.47 2,688.14 0.00 2.3

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.1 91.24 460.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.1

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.1 907.84 280.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.5 707.30 0.00 861.98 645.17 0.00 1.5

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 0.2 – 0.00 0.00 1,644.88 3,251.58 0.2

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.2 – 182.48 1,545.73 2,559.64 1,064.42 2.2

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.7 – 435.44 980.34 1,596.07 0.00 1.7

Production ......................................................... 2.6 0.00 1,196.62 0.00 1,217.31 0.00 2.6

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.2 – 214.97 816.09 0.00 0.00 1.2

Full time ................................................................. 0.8 721.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.8

Part time ................................................................ 1.5 – – 0.00 2,335.14 – 1.5

Union ..................................................................... 2.2 – – 1,842.99 1,410.56 0.00 2.2

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.8

Average wage within the following categories:2

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.6 573.87 447.51 408.04 801.31 258.07 1.6

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.3 942.91 182.48 0.00 136.86 0.00 1.3

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.8 0.00 698.05 0.00 0.00 1,019.70 0.8

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.2 350.72 1,905.40 0.00 0.00 402.18 1.2

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.8 0.00 474.10 0.00 0.00 3,699.50 1.8

Manufacturing .................................................... 2.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3,020.63 2.2

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.8 1,053.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.0 – 506.17 2,151.44 2,199.28 0.00 1.0

Wholesale trade ............................................. 1.9 1,280.97 453.03 0.00 1,139.61 0.00 1.9

Retail trade .................................................... 1.6 0.00 0.00 887.95 – 0.00 1.6

Transportation and warehousing ................... 2.7 – 1,621.94 0.00 2,242.39 816.09 2.7

Utilities ........................................................... 3.9 1,824.83 1,247.71 – 0.00 0.00 3.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 32. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, private industry

workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum monthly benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

Information ......................................................... 1.7 $1,389.75 $1,307.17 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 1.7

Financial activities ............................................. 1.6 765.56 0.00 1,289.54 0.00 0.00 1.6

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.8

Credit intermediation and related activities 2.6 0.00 0.00 2,069.56 0.00 0.00 2.6

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 3.2 568.93 0.00 2,034.09 712.98 4,282.31 3.2

Professional and business services .................. 1.3 182.48 1,489.53 0.00 – 0.00 1.3

Professional and technical services .............. 1.7 0.00 1,277.38 161.29 0.00 0.00 1.7

Education and health services ........................... 2.0 638.69 0.00 2,079.34 801.94 0.00 2.0

Educational services ...................................... 2.3 700.84 1,237.66 942.74 1,347.94 304.20 2.3

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.4 735.61 258.07 2,558.66 1,526.76 0.00 2.4

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.3 750.31 1,026.46 1,339.73 1,642.35 – 1.3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.2 999.31 1,272.68 1,593.05 2,896.83 3,817.99 1.2

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.0 129.03 1,155.09 0.00 0.00 480.69 1.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 2,339.15 0.00 1.3

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.4 696.53 831.15 186.39 0.00 152.01 1.4

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.1 0.00 0.00 0.00 2,032.04 0.00 2.1

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.5 456.21 898.62 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.5

South ..................................................................... 1.1 – 1,436.87 0.00 0.00 2,000.28 1.1

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.4 – 0.00 0.00 0.00 3,765.83 1.4

West South Central ........................................... 1.4 425.06 930.48 0.00 632.14 772.35 1.4

Midwest ................................................................. 1.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,697.19 0.00 1.9

East North Central ............................................. 2.1 0.00 0.00 0.00 956.95 3,776.73 2.1

West ...................................................................... 1.0 – 182.48 0.00 0.00 644.92 1.0

Mountain ............................................................ 1.9 0.00 316.07 1,413.51 0.00 662.59 1.9

Pacific ................................................................ 1.2 – 805.82 0.00 2,314.63 924.63 1.2

1 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile,

one-fourth of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 33. Leave benefits: Access, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics Paid

holidays

Paid sick

leave

Paid

vacations

Paid

personal

leave

Paid

funeral

leave

Paid jury

duty

leave

Paid

military

leave

Family leave1

Paid Unpaid

All workers ............................................................. 81 77 79 46 52 52 27 23 89

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 92 93 91 66 72 74 42 37 92

Management, business, and financial ............... 98 96 98 69 75 78 45 38 95

Professional and related .................................... 89 91 87 64 71 72 40 36 91

Service ................................................................... 58 59 57 23 27 27 11 13 81

Protective service .............................................. 80 79 74 30 31 41 17 19 93

Sales and office ..................................................... 84 78 80 48 51 52 26 25 90

Sales and related ............................................... 77 69 70 41 42 43 21 24 90

Office and administrative support ...................... 89 86 88 53 58 59 30 26 90

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 85 73 86 38 44 42 18 15 88

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 77 66 77 29 30 28 9 11 85

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 94 80 95 46 59 57 27 19 91

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 88 73 85 42 58 54 30 13 90

Production ......................................................... 93 73 90 43 57 55 27 14 89

Transportation and material moving .................. 83 73 81 41 58 53 33 11 90

Full time ................................................................. 92 87 92 55 63 63 33 27 91

Part time ................................................................ 50 48 40 18 19 21 9 11 81

Union ..................................................................... 90 87 90 54 72 71 38 19 95

Nonunion ............................................................... 81 76 78 45 51 50 26 23 88

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 60 52 56 24 27 27 11 12 81

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 46 33 43 13 17 18 6 6 78

Second 25 percent ............................................ 85 81 83 47 54 53 25 21 90

Third 25 percent ................................................ 91 88 91 54 60 59 30 25 91

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 94 94 94 64 75 75 46 37 94

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 95 95 95 67 79 81 51 43 96

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 91 76 90 43 54 52 26 18 89

Construction ...................................................... 81 69 82 32 32 28 9 12 84

Manufacturing .................................................... 96 81 95 49 66 64 35 21 91

Service-providing industries .................................. 79 77 77 46 52 52 27 24 88

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 84 75 81 47 54 52 29 21 92

Wholesale trade ............................................. 96 88 95 49 64 67 32 23 92

Retail trade .................................................... 77 67 72 43 42 39 19 23 92

Transportation and warehousing ................... 90 84 88 52 70 64 45 11 94

Utilities ........................................................... 99 93 99 83 85 86 55 48 86

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 33. Leave benefits: Access, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics Paid

holidays

Paid sick

leave

Paid

vacations

Paid

personal

leave

Paid

funeral

leave

Paid jury

duty

leave

Paid

military

leave

Family leave1

Paid Unpaid

Information ......................................................... 90 92 90 78 76 78 37 45 90

Financial activities ............................................. 95 94 95 64 80 83 51 41 96

Finance and insurance .................................. 98 97 98 68 84 87 61 49 96

Credit intermediation and related activities 98 98 99 64 85 87 63 55 97

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 97 97 97 73 85 86 60 39 95

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 87 84 86 53 64 72 18 13 93

Professional and business services .................. 86 81 81 50 51 51 29 25 87

Professional and technical services .............. 94 93 93 66 67 69 43 37 90

Administrative and waste services ................ 73 63 63 20 27 24 9 9 79

Education and health services ........................... 84 85 82 56 63 64 30 28 90

Educational services ...................................... 65 83 58 52 66 68 38 30 88

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 83 87 74 54 78 84 56 35 99

Health care and social assistance ................. 87 85 85 57 63 63 29 28 91

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 42 50 43 8 11 13 4 9 77

Accommodation and food services ................ 41 49 43 7 10 12 4 9 78

Other services ................................................... 72 70 73 32 40 38 11 15 84

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 74 70 72 35 39 39 16 17 84

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 73 68 71 32 35 36 14 16 82

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 79 77 76 43 54 52 20 20 91

100 workers or more .............................................. 91 86 89 60 69 69 42 31 95

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 88 83 87 57 62 61 32 28 94

500 workers or more .......................................... 94 91 92 64 79 79 55 35 96

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 80 80 76 50 59 59 32 29 87

New England ..................................................... 80 85 76 47 54 57 35 23 87

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 80 79 76 51 60 60 32 31 88

South ..................................................................... 82 71 80 45 52 53 28 21 87

South Atlantic .................................................... 83 73 81 42 53 52 27 21 85

East South Central ............................................ 87 67 83 47 54 58 31 19 87

West South Central ........................................... 79 69 79 48 51 53 29 22 90

Midwest ................................................................. 80 71 80 48 55 54 25 20 90

East North Central ............................................. 82 71 80 49 58 56 26 21 91

West North Central ............................................ 77 71 79 47 48 48 21 20 89

West ...................................................................... 82 89 80 41 44 43 23 24 90

Mountain ............................................................ 83 76 81 53 51 46 23 23 91

Pacific ................................................................ 82 95 79 35 41 42 23 24 90

1 The sum of paid and unpaid family leave may exceed 100 percent because some workers have access to both types of plans. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 33. Standard errors for leave benefits: Access, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics Paid

holidays

Paid sick

leave

Paid

vacations

Paid

personal

leave

Paid

funeral

leave

Paid jury

duty

leave

Paid

military

leave

Family leave

Paid Unpaid

All workers ............................................................. 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.6 0.8

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.4 0.6 0.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.8 1.5 0.7

Professional and related .................................... 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 2.2 1.1

Service ................................................................... 2.3 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.9 2.2 1.4 1.8 1.9

Protective service .............................................. 4.1 6.2 4.6 5.9 6.4 8.3 3.2 3.6 2.7

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.7

Sales and related ............................................... 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.7 0.9

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.1 1.1 0.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.4 2.0 1.5 2.2 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.4 1.1

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.5 3.3 2.7 3.0 2.0 2.3 1.2 2.0 1.6

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.0 1.7 0.8 3.0 2.5 2.6 2.3 1.9 1.3

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.2 1.8 1.2 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.6 0.9 1.2

Production ......................................................... 1.1 2.1 1.4 2.4 2.4 2.7 2.0 1.3 1.6

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.8 2.6 1.7 2.4 2.5 2.3 2.6 1.0 1.4

Full time ................................................................. 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.0 1.2 1.3 0.9 1.0 1.5

Union ..................................................................... 2.0 2.3 1.8 2.3 2.7 2.5 2.9 1.3 1.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.7 0.9 0.6

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.7 1.8 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.4 0.9 0.8 1.4

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.2 2.0 2.0 1.1 1.4 2.1 0.8 0.8 2.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.1 1.5 0.7

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.4 0.8

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.6 0.8

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.6 0.7 0.6 2.0 1.6 1.7 1.7 2.5 1.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.8 1.6 0.9 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.3 0.9 0.9

Construction ...................................................... 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.3 1.8 1.7 1.3 2.0 1.7

Manufacturing .................................................... 0.8 1.7 0.8 2.2 1.8 1.9 1.6 1.4 1.0

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.0 1.1 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.8 1.0 0.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 0.8 1.4 1.0 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.1 0.6

Wholesale trade ............................................. 0.9 1.1 1.1 2.5 1.8 2.3 2.5 2.8 1.1

Retail trade .................................................... 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.2 1.5 1.0 1.2 0.9

Transportation and warehousing ................... 1.9 3.5 2.1 3.5 4.6 4.4 4.5 1.9 1.5

Utilities ........................................................... 0.5 3.7 0.5 5.2 4.5 4.5 6.0 4.3 4.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 33. Standard errors for leave benefits: Access, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics Paid

holidays

Paid sick

leave

Paid

vacations

Paid

personal

leave

Paid

funeral

leave

Paid jury

duty

leave

Paid

military

leave

Family leave

Paid Unpaid

Information ......................................................... 2.3 2.3 2.4 4.0 4.1 3.7 3.0 4.5 2.5

Financial activities ............................................. 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.1 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.7 0.6

Finance and insurance .................................. 0.3 0.4 0.4 2.2 1.3 1.0 1.7 1.7 0.5

Credit intermediation and related activities 0.4 0.4 0.4 2.6 1.8 1.5 1.9 1.8 1.0

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 0.5 0.8 0.6 3.1 1.2 1.3 2.7 3.0 1.1

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 3.7 3.2 3.6 5.1 4.2 4.9 3.2 3.1 1.9

Professional and business services .................. 2.2 1.8 2.0 2.3 1.5 2.4 1.7 2.7 1.7

Professional and technical services .............. 1.1 1.2 1.4 3.2 2.9 2.9 3.0 4.9 1.5

Administrative and waste services ................ 4.3 3.3 3.5 2.2 2.1 3.0 1.6 1.4 3.1

Education and health services ........................... 1.8 2.2 1.9 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.1 2.3 2.1

Educational services ...................................... 3.2 2.6 3.5 3.4 3.7 4.4 3.0 4.0 2.3

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.2 2.1 2.8 3.0 2.0 2.1 3.2 3.0 0.4

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.0 2.5 2.1 2.6 2.9 2.7 2.4 2.6 2.3

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 3.2 2.9 3.2 1.3 1.6 1.9 1.1 2.0 2.6

Accommodation and food services ................ 3.8 3.5 3.7 1.4 1.7 2.1 1.3 2.3 3.1

Other services ................................................... 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.6 2.5 2.1 2.2 2.2

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.2 1.4 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.2 0.8

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.3 1.6 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.4 1.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.9 2.1 1.7 2.4 2.3 1.8 1.5 1.9 1.5

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 0.7

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.3 1.5 1.2

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.8 1.3 1.2 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.6 0.7

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.4 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.3

New England ..................................................... 3.8 2.6 2.5 2.8 3.3 2.0 2.5 2.9 3.3

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 3.0 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 2.0 1.9 1.3 1.2

South ..................................................................... 1.6 2.0 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.1

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.4 3.2 1.9 1.5 2.2 2.3 2.1 1.5 1.5

East South Central ............................................ 0.8 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.8 3.3 3.0 2.0 3.2

West South Central ........................................... 2.7 3.3 2.0 3.1 2.4 2.6 2.9 2.7 1.9

Midwest ................................................................. 1.5 1.7 1.7 2.0 1.9 2.7 1.1 2.0 1.2

East North Central ............................................. 1.8 2.2 1.4 2.6 2.1 3.7 1.4 2.4 1.7

West North Central ............................................ 2.4 2.6 4.2 2.8 3.3 3.1 1.9 3.4 1.4

West ...................................................................... 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.1 2.3 1.0

Mountain ............................................................ 2.5 4.2 4.1 2.4 3.6 3.4 2.8 4.4 1.9

Pacific ................................................................ 1.4 0.7 1.3 2.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 2.7 1.1

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 34. Paid holidays: Number of days provided, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers with paid holidays = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid holidays

Mean

number

of days

Median

number

of days

Less

than 5

days

5

days

6

days

7

days

8

days

9

days

10

days

11

days

12

days

13

days

14

days

Greater

than 14

days

All workers ............................................................. 9 4 24 15 13 9 15 5 4 2 1 2 8 7

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 2 1 16 13 14 10 20 8 7 4 1 2 9 9

Management, business, and financial ............... 1 1 15 10 15 10 23 8 8 4 1 2 9 9

Professional and related .................................... 2 2 18 15 14 10 18 7 6 4 1 3 9 8

Service ................................................................... 21 6 27 23 8 4 5 3 1 – 1 () – 6 6

Sales and office ..................................................... 12 4 26 13 11 9 15 3 3 2 1 () 1 7 7

Sales and related ............................................... 25 5 31 10 9 8 7 2 2 1 – – 6 6

Office and administrative support ...................... 5 4 23 15 13 10 20 4 3 2 1 1 8 8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 6 7 33 19 11 7 11 3 2 – – 1 7 7

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 8 9 38 16 10 7 9 – – – – 1 7 6

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 4 5 28 21 12 8 13 5 3 – – 1 8 7

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 6 4 25 11 18 10 13 5 3 1 1 3 8 8

Production ......................................................... 4 3 19 11 15 14 15 8 5 1 1 6 9 8

Transportation and material moving .................. 8 5 32 10 21 6 12 3 2 – – 1 () 7 7

Full time ................................................................. 5 4 22 15 14 9 16 6 4 2 1 2 8 8

Part time ................................................................ 27 4 32 15 7 5 5 1 1 2 – – 6 6

Union ..................................................................... 2 3 18 12 21 8 15 8 6 1 1 () 5 9 8

Nonunion ............................................................... 9 4 24 15 12 9 14 5 4 2 1 2 8 7

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 23 5 33 17 7 6 5 1 1 – – 1 () 6 6

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 31 5 32 17 4 – 5 1 () – – – – 6 6

Second 25 percent ............................................ 8 5 26 16 14 8 12 5 3 1 1 () 2 8 7

Third 25 percent ................................................ 5 4 23 15 14 9 17 5 4 3 1 2 8 8

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 3 2 15 12 15 10 22 7 7 2 1 3 9 9

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1 1 11 10 17 11 26 8 7 3 2 3 9 9

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 4 4 19 13 12 12 16 7 6 1 1 3 8 8

Construction ...................................................... 9 10 36 19 10 9 6 – – – – – 7 6

Manufacturing .................................................... 2 2 12 11 14 14 20 10 8 2 1 5 9 9

Service-providing industries .................................. 10 4 25 15 13 8 14 4 3 2 1 1 8 7

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 16 5 32 11 15 7 9 2 1 1 – – 7 6

Wholesale trade ............................................. 4 2 27 15 15 15 13 4 1 2 – – 8 8

Retail trade .................................................... 28 8 41 10 8 3 1 1 () – – – – 5 6

Transportation and warehousing ................... 6 4 27 9 28 4 18 – – – – – 8 8

Utilities ........................................................... – – – – 19 25 32 – 7 – – – 10 10

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 34. Paid holidays: Number of days provided, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with paid holidays = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid holidays

Mean

number

of days

Median

number

of days

Less

than 5

days

5

days

6

days

7

days

8

days

9

days

10

days

11

days

12

days

13

days

14

days

Greater

than 14

days

Information ......................................................... 2 – 15 27 16 13 12 5 4 4 – – 8 8

Financial activities ............................................. 2 – 12 9 16 14 33 5 9 1 1 () – 9 9

Finance and insurance .................................. 1 – 7 7 17 14 38 6 9 1 – – 9 10

Credit intermediation and related activities – – 6 5 6 7 55 5 14 1 – – 10 10

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 2 – 11 12 30 18 20 5 2 – – – 8 8

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ – – 27 14 – – – 4 10 – – – 8 8

Professional and business services .................. 2 3 25 12 14 7 22 5 4 3 – – 8 8

Professional and technical services .............. – – 15 11 18 8 31 4 6 – – – 9 9

Administrative and waste services ................ 5 6 44 14 11 5 9 4 – – – – 7 6

Education and health services ........................... 6 3 27 20 10 9 8 6 3 3 1 3 8 7

Educational services ...................................... – – 3 – 11 10 17 10 11 6 6 23 12 11

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – – – – 11 8 17 9 14 9 7 21 12 12

Health care and social assistance ................. 6 4 30 23 10 9 7 6 3 3 – – 7 7

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 39 7 12 29 7 – 2 2 – – – – 5 6

Accommodation and food services ................ 42 5 10 32 – – – – – – – – 5 6

Other services ................................................... 9 6 27 17 9 – 9 5 6 – – 4 8 7

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 12 6 25 16 11 8 13 4 3 2 1 () 1 7 7

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 12 6 25 17 10 8 12 3 3 2 1 1 7 7

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 11 5 24 12 12 9 14 7 3 – – 2 8 7

100 workers or more .............................................. 5 1 23 13 15 9 17 6 5 2 1 3 8 8

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 7 2 26 14 14 10 15 6 3 2 – – 8 8

500 workers or more .......................................... 3 1 19 13 17 8 18 6 7 2 1 5 9 8

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 7 3 20 15 14 9 15 7 4 3 1 () 3 8 8

New England ..................................................... 7 4 15 14 13 6 16 – 8 3 – 2 8 8

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 7 2 21 15 14 10 14 5 3 4 1 () 3 8 8

South ..................................................................... 11 5 23 16 13 7 14 4 4 1 1 () 2 7 7

South Atlantic .................................................... 10 6 23 18 12 6 14 3 4 – – 2 7 7

East South Central ............................................ 11 7 23 13 12 – 10 9 3 1 2 – 7 7

West South Central ........................................... 12 4 23 13 15 8 16 3 4 1 – – 7 7

Midwest ................................................................. 6 1 29 15 13 9 12 4 4 2 1 3 8 7

East North Central ............................................. 7 – 31 13 13 10 12 5 3 1 – 3 8 7

West North Central ............................................ 5 – 25 21 13 8 12 4 4 – – 1 8 7

West ...................................................................... 8 5 23 13 12 10 18 5 4 2 – – 8 8

Mountain ............................................................ 8 6 30 14 12 9 13 2 4 – – – 7 7

Pacific ................................................................ 8 4 19 12 11 11 19 6 4 2 – – 8 8

1 Less than 0.5. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 34. Standard errors for paid holidays: Number of days provided, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Paid holidays

Mean

number

of days

Median

number

of days

Less

than 5

days

5

days

6

days

7

days

8

days

9

days

10

days

11

days

12

days

13

days

14

days

Greater

than 14

days

All workers ............................................................. 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 1 ( ) 0.1

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.4 0.3 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.8 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1

Management, business, and financial ............... 0.4 0.3 1.0 1.2 1.7 1.0 1.7 1.0 1.3 0.9 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.0

Professional and related .................................... 0.7 0.5 1.2 1.9 1.2 1.4 2.4 1.4 0.9 1.0 0.5 0.6 0.1 1.3

Service ................................................................... 1.9 0.9 2.4 2.4 1.4 1.5 1.0 0.8 0.1 – 1 ( ) – 0.2 0.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.9 0.6 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.9 1.1 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0

Sales and related ............................................... 2.0 0.8 1.9 0.9 1.1 1.8 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.2 – – 0.1 0.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.7 0.8 1.6 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.7 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.1 1.0 2.0 1.6 1.4 1.0 1.4 0.5 0.6 – – 0.3 0.1 0.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.0 1.6 3.1 2.1 1.8 1.4 2.6 – – – – 0.4 0.2 0.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 0.8 1.2 2.4 2.1 1.9 1.4 1.8 0.9 0.9 – – 0.4 0.1 0.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.6 0.5 1.2 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.2 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.0

Production ......................................................... 0.9 0.5 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 0.8 1.2 0.2 0.2 1.4 0.1 0.7

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.1 0.9 2.0 1.1 3.2 1.1 1.7 0.8 0.6 – – 0.2 0.1 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.4 0.3 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 1 ( ) 0.0

Part time ................................................................ 2.1 0.7 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 0.8 0.2 0.2 1.1 – – 0.1 0.0

Union ..................................................................... 0.5 0.8 1.9 1.7 3.0 1.2 2.2 1.7 1.5 0.3 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.6 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.5 0.6 1.9 1.4 0.9 1.4 0.7 0.3 0.4 – – 0.2 0.1 0.0

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 3.8 1.0 4.0 2.4 0.8 – 1.5 0.2 – – – – 0.2 0.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.8 0.7 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.6 0.6 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.6 0.3 1.2 1.1 1.3 0.8 1.9 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.2 0.3 1.3 1.3 2.1 1.0 3.0 1.0 1.3 1.1 0.7 0.5 0.1 1.2

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.8 0.5 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.4 0.9 0.3 0.1 0.8 0.1 0.0

Construction ...................................................... 1.6 1.4 2.2 2.0 1.6 1.7 1.3 – – – – – 0.1 0.0

Manufacturing .................................................... 0.4 0.6 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.5 1.4 0.7 1.3 0.5 0.2 1.1 0.1 0.0

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.3 0.7 1.0 0.8 1.4 0.5 1.2 0.3 0.2 0.6 – – 0.1 0.0

Wholesale trade ............................................. 1.0 0.6 2.5 2.1 1.7 1.7 2.0 1.2 0.5 1.0 – – 0.1 0.2

Retail trade .................................................... 2.0 1.1 1.8 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.2 – – – – 0.1 0.0

Transportation and warehousing ................... 1.8 1.6 3.1 1.7 4.8 1.2 3.6 – – – – – 0.1 0.3

Utilities ........................................................... – – – – 4.0 4.3 4.0 – 2.8 – – – 0.1 0.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 34. Standard errors for paid holidays: Number of days provided, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Paid holidays

Mean

number

of days

Median

number

of days

Less

than 5

days

5

days

6

days

7

days

8

days

9

days

10

days

11

days

12

days

13

days

14

days

Greater

than 14

days

Information ......................................................... 0.9 – 2.8 3.4 3.4 2.8 2.1 2.1 1.6 1.8 – – 0.1 0.0

Financial activities ............................................. 0.5 – 1.7 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 0.6 1.2 0.4 0.1 – 0.1 0.3

Finance and insurance .................................. 0.4 – 1.5 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.2 0.8 1.3 0.3 – – 0.1 0.0

Credit intermediation and related activities – – 1.8 0.9 0.9 1.3 2.1 0.9 2.2 0.5 – – 0.1 0.0

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 0.8 – 2.8 1.5 2.1 1.9 2.0 1.1 0.4 – – – 0.1 0.0

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ – – 5.5 3.9 – – – 1.7 3.0 – – – 0.2 0.2

Professional and business services .................. 0.5 0.5 2.1 1.7 2.0 1.3 3.6 1.3 1.1 1.2 – – 0.2 0.0

Professional and technical services .............. – – 2.4 2.1 3.4 2.0 6.1 1.2 1.8 – – – 0.3 0.9

Administrative and waste services ................ 1.3 1.0 3.5 2.9 2.4 1.6 2.4 1.4 – – – – 0.1 0.3

Education and health services ........................... 1.3 1.2 2.2 2.5 1.4 2.1 1.4 1.6 0.6 1.2 0.1 0.7 0.2 0.0

Educational services ...................................... – – 1.1 – 2.2 2.1 3.4 2.2 2.4 0.9 0.6 3.6 0.3 0.4

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – – – – 1.6 1.9 2.6 1.5 2.3 1.4 0.8 2.4 0.2 1.0

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.5 1.3 2.5 2.8 1.6 2.3 1.5 1.8 0.6 1.4 – – 0.2 0.0

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 3.0 1.7 2.6 4.3 2.7 – 0.6 0.8 – – – – 0.2 0.3

Accommodation and food services ................ 3.6 2.1 2.7 4.2 – – – – – – – – 0.2 0.9

Other services ................................................... 2.9 2.0 2.1 3.6 2.0 – 2.6 2.0 2.8 – – 1.5 0.3 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.9 0.5 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.9 1.3 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.1 0.6 1.3 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.5 1.0 2.0 1.7 2.0 1.4 1.9 2.3 0.9 – – 0.7 0.1 0.1

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.4 0.3 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.6 1.1 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.6 0.4 1.6 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.4 1.0 0.5 0.8 – – 0.1 0.3

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.6 0.3 2.0 1.9 1.6 0.9 1.6 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.2

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.3 0.7 2.0 2.3 1.2 0.9 1.8 1.4 0.9 1.1 0.1 0.7 0.2 0.0

New England ..................................................... 2.1 1.6 1.8 3.1 3.3 1.3 2.6 – 2.2 1.2 – 0.2 0.2 0.3

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.3 0.8 2.8 2.9 0.9 1.1 2.2 1.1 0.8 1.5 0.2 0.9 0.2 0.3

South ..................................................................... 0.8 0.4 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.8 1.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.0 0.6 2.1 1.7 1.6 0.8 2.2 0.4 0.6 – – 0.5 0.1 0.0

East South Central ............................................ 1.8 2.0 2.6 2.2 1.4 – 2.6 1.1 0.6 0.3 0.1 – 0.1 0.0

West South Central ........................................... 1.7 0.3 1.0 2.0 2.2 1.3 2.8 1.3 1.0 0.4 – – 0.1 0.0

Midwest ................................................................. 0.9 0.4 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.1 0.4

East North Central ............................................. 1.2 – 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.4 – 0.9 0.1 0.5

West North Central ............................................ 0.9 – 2.1 2.2 2.7 2.1 2.3 0.4 0.9 – – 0.3 0.2 0.6

West ...................................................................... 1.1 0.9 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.5 2.3 1.0 0.6 0.5 – – 0.1 0.7

Mountain ............................................................ 0.7 2.5 2.6 2.1 1.0 1.8 1.2 0.6 0.9 – – – 0.1 0.0

Pacific ................................................................ 1.5 0.9 1.4 1.3 1.5 2.0 3.1 1.5 0.8 0.7 – – 0.1 0.0

1 Less than 0.05. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 35. Paid sick leave: Type of provision, private industry workers, 

March 2021

(All workers with paid sick leave = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Sick leave provision

Fixed number

of days per

year1

As needed2

As part of

consolidated

leave plan3

All workers ............................................................. 65 2 33

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 59 3 37

Management, business, and financial ............... 58 4 38

Professional and related .................................... 60 3 37

Service ................................................................... 70 2 28

Sales and office ..................................................... 63 2 35

Sales and related ............................................... 64 3 34

Office and administrative support ...................... 62 2 35

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 65 4 31

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 63 4 33

Production, transportation, and material moving:

Transportation and material moving ................ 76 1 22

Full time ................................................................. 62 3 36

Part time ................................................................ 80 1 19

Nonunion ............................................................... 63 3 34

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 72 1 27

Second 25 percent ............................................ 64 2 34

Third 25 percent ................................................ 65 3 32

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 60 4 37

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 65 2 33

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 68 2 30

Wholesale trade ............................................. 69 5 26

Retail trade .................................................... 62 2 36

Transportation and warehousing ................... 76 1 23

Financial activities ............................................. 55 6 39

Finance and insurance .................................. 51 5 43

Credit intermediation and related activities 64 2 35

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 35 6 59

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 69 9 22

Education and health services ........................... 60 – –

Educational services ...................................... 83 4 13

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 87 6 8

Health care and social assistance ................. 57 – –

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 85 – –

Accommodation and food services ................ 85 – –

Other services ................................................... 65 6 29

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 67 3 30

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 67 4 29

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 67 2 31

100 workers or more:

100 to 499 workers .......................................... 63 1 35

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 35. Paid sick leave: Type of provision, private industry workers, 

March 2021—continued

(All workers with paid sick leave = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Sick leave provision

Fixed number

of days per

year1

As needed2

As part of

consolidated

leave plan3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 72 3 25

New England ..................................................... 72 2 26

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 72 3 24

South ..................................................................... 59 3 37

South Atlantic .................................................... 61 3 36

East South Central ............................................ 62 3 35

West ...................................................................... 71 2 27

Mountain ............................................................ 55 1 43

Pacific ................................................................ 76 2 22

1 Employees earn or accrue a specified number of sick leave days per year. This number may vary by

length of service. 2 Plan does not specify maximum number of days. 3 A consolidated leave plan provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes,

such as vacation, illness, or personal business. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this

category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related

terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 35. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Type of provision, private

industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Sick leave provision

Fixed number

of days per

year1

As needed2

As part of

consolidated

leave plan3

All workers ............................................................. 1.0 0.3 0.9

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.8 0.6 1.7

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.8 0.8 1.6

Professional and related .................................... 2.3 0.7 2.1

Service ................................................................... 2.7 0.6 2.6

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.3 0.3 1.3

Sales and related ............................................... 1.7 0.6 1.6

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.6 0.4 1.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.4 0.7 2.2

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 3.0 1.2 2.5

Production, transportation, and material moving:

Transportation and material moving ................ 2.6 0.5 2.4

Full time ................................................................. 1.1 0.3 1.0

Part time ................................................................ 1.4 0.4 1.3

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.1 0.3 1.0

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.6 0.3 1.5

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.3 0.3 1.4

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.4 0.6 1.3

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.9 0.5 1.8

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.1 0.3 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.6 0.5 1.4

Wholesale trade ............................................. 2.9 1.2 2.6

Retail trade .................................................... 1.7 0.5 1.6

Transportation and warehousing ................... 3.3 0.1 3.3

Financial activities ............................................. 1.7 0.9 1.6

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.9 1.0 1.8

Credit intermediation and related activities 3.0 0.8 2.9

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 2.8 1.7 3.4

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 5.2 2.7 5.3

Education and health services ........................... 3.0 – –

Educational services ...................................... 2.5 1.1 2.2

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.4 1.5 1.4

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.3 – –

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 2.3 – –

Accommodation and food services ................ 2.3 – –

Other services ................................................... 5.1 2.5 4.3

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.6 0.5 1.5

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.8 0.6 1.8

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.4 0.5 2.4

100 workers or more:

100 to 499 workers .......................................... 1.6 0.3 1.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 35. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Type of provision, private

industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Sick leave provision

Fixed number

of days per

year1

As needed2

As part of

consolidated

leave plan3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.0 0.5 1.8

New England ..................................................... 3.0 0.4 3.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.2 0.7 2.0

South ..................................................................... 1.7 0.4 1.7

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.2 0.5 2.3

East South Central ............................................ 3.1 0.8 3.6

West ...................................................................... 2.0 0.7 1.8

Mountain ............................................................ 4.0 0.3 4.0

Pacific ................................................................ 2.1 0.9 1.7

1 Employees earn or accrue a specified number of sick leave days per year. This number may vary by

length of service. 2 Plan does not specify maximum number of days. 3 A consolidated leave plan provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes,

such as vacation, illness, or personal business. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of

major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 36. Paid sick leave: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 private industry workers, 

March 2021

(All workers with fixed number of days per year sick leave plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid sick leave days by length of service2

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 29

days

Greater

than 29

days

After 1 year

All workers ............................................................. 23 57 19 2 3 () 7 6

Full time ................................................................. 20 56 22 2 3 () 7 6

Part time ................................................................ 34 60 61–66

Nonunion ............................................................... 23 58 18 1 3 () 7 6

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 28 58 13 1 3 () 6 5

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 27 59 12 1 3 () 6 5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 28 55 15 ––66

100 workers or more:

100 to 499 workers .......................................... 19 61 18 1 3 () 7 6

After 5 years

All workers ............................................................. 22 57 19 2176

Full time ................................................................. 19 56 22 2176

Part time ................................................................ 32 62 6––66

Nonunion ............................................................... 22 58 18 2 3 () 7 6

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 27 59 13 1 3 () 6 5

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 27 59 12 1 3 () 6 5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 26 56 15 ––76

100 workers or more:

100 to 499 workers .......................................... 19 61 18 2 3 () 7 6

After 10 years

All workers ............................................................. 21 57 19 2176

Full time ................................................................. 19 56 23 2176

Part time ................................................................ 32 62 6––66

Nonunion ............................................................... 22 58 18 2176

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 26 58 13 1 3 () 6 5

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 27 59 12 1 3 () 6 5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 25 56 17 ––76

100 workers or more:

100 to 499 workers .......................................... 18 60 20 2 3 () 7 6

After 20 years

All workers ............................................................. 21 57 19 2176

Full time ................................................................. 18 56 23 2176

Part time ................................................................ 32 62 6––66

Nonunion ............................................................... 22 58 18 2176

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 36. Paid sick leave: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 private industry workers, 

March 2021—continued

(All workers with fixed number of days per year sick leave plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid sick leave days by length of service2

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 29

days

Greater

than 29

days

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 26 59 13 1 3 () 6 5

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 27 59 12 1 3 () 6 5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 25 56 17 ––76

100 workers or more:

100 to 499 workers .......................................... 18 61 20 2 3 () 7 6

1 Employees either are granted a specific number of days after completion of the indicated length of service or accrue days during the next 12-month period.

The total number of days is assumed to be available for use immediately upon completion of the service interval. Periods of service are chosen arbitrarily and do

not necessarily reflect individual provisions for progression. 2 Employees earn or accrue a specified number of sick leave days per year. This number may vary by length of service. Employees eligible for paid sick leave

but who have not fulfilled the minimum service requirement are included as receiving 0 days. 3 Less than 0.5.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 36. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 private

industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Paid sick leave days by length of service2

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 29

days

Greater

than 29

days

After 1 year

All workers ............................................................. 1.2 1.2 1.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 1.0 1.2 1.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0

Part time ................................................................ 2.9 2.9 0.9 0.2 – 0.2 0.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.2 1.2 1.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.9 1.5 1.6 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.2 1.8 1.9 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.9 4.0 3.1 – – 0.3 0.5

100 workers or more:

100 to 499 workers .......................................... 1.6 2.0 1.9 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.0

After 5 years

All workers ............................................................. 1.1 1.2 1.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 3 ( )

Full time ................................................................. 1.0 1.2 1.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 3 ( )

Part time ................................................................ 3.0 2.9 0.9 – – 0.1 0.4

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.2 1.2 1.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.9 1.5 1.6 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.5

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.2 1.8 1.9 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.8 4.0 3.1 – – 0.3 3 ( )

100 workers or more:

100 to 499 workers .......................................... 1.6 2.0 1.9 0.4 0.1 0.2 3 ( )

After 10 years

All workers ............................................................. 1.1 1.3 1.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 3 ( )

Full time ................................................................. 0.9 1.3 1.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 3 ( )

Part time ................................................................ 3.0 2.9 0.9 – – 0.1 0.3

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.2 1.3 1.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 3 ( )

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.9 1.6 1.6 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.7

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.2 1.9 1.9 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.8 4.0 3.0 – – 0.3 3 ( )

100 workers or more:

100 to 499 workers .......................................... 1.6 2.0 1.9 0.3 0.2 0.2 3 ( )

After 20 years

All workers ............................................................. 1.1 1.3 1.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 3 ( )

Full time ................................................................. 0.9 1.3 1.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 3 ( )

Part time ................................................................ 3.0 2.9 0.9 – – 0.1 0.2

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.2 1.3 1.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 3 ( )

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 36. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 private

industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Paid sick leave days by length of service2

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 29

days

Greater

than 29

days

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.9 1.6 1.6 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.7

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.2 1.9 1.9 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.8 4.0 3.0 – – 0.3 3 ( )

100 workers or more:

100 to 499 workers .......................................... 1.6 2.0 1.9 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1

1 Employees either are granted a specific number of days after completion of the indicated length of service or accrue days during the next 12-month period.

The total number of days is assumed to be available for use immediately upon completion of the service interval. Periods of service are chosen arbitrarily and do

not necessarily reflect individual provisions for progression. 2 Employees earn or accrue a specified number of sick leave days per year. This number may vary by length of service. Employees eligible for paid sick leave

but who have not fulfilled the minimum service requirement are included as receiving 0 days. 3 Less than 0.05.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 39. Paid vacations: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers with paid vacations = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid vacation days by length of service2

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 19

days

20 to 24

days

Greater

than 24

days

After 1 year

All workers ............................................................. 8 31 34 18 7 2 11 10

Full time ................................................................. 5 29 36 19 8 3 11 10

Part time ................................................................ 30 43 19 61175

Union ..................................................................... 5 43 36 12 3 1 9 10

Nonunion ............................................................... 9 30 33 18 7 3 11 10

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 11 37 33 13 4 1 9 10

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 13 38 33 11 4 1 9 9

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 6 34 36 17 – – 11 10

100 workers or more .............................................. 5 25 34 23 9 4 12 10

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 6 31 34 20 7 2 11 10

500 workers or more .......................................... 3 17 35 27 12 7 14 14

After 5 years

All workers ............................................................. 3 12 30 32 16 7 15 15

Full time ................................................................. 2 9 30 33 18 8 15 15

Part time ................................................................ 10 30 34 19 4 2 11 10

Union ..................................................................... 1 6 43 33 14 4 14 15

Nonunion ............................................................... 3 12 29 31 17 8 15 15

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 4 17 34 29 12 4 13 12

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 4 19 35 28 10 4 13 10

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2 9 32 32 18 6 15 15

100 workers or more .............................................. 1 6 26 34 21 11 16 15

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2 8 32 33 19 6 15 15

500 workers or more .......................................... 1 4 18 37 22 17 18 17

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 39. Paid vacations: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 private industry workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers with paid vacations = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid vacation days by length of service2

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 19

days

20 to 24

days

Greater

than 24

days

After 10 years

All workers ............................................................. 2 8 18 33 23 17 17 15

Full time ................................................................. 1 6 16 34 25 18 18 17

Part time ................................................................ 9 19 30 26 10 5 13 13

Union ..................................................................... 1 3 13 48 24 12 17 15

Nonunion ............................................................... 2 8 18 31 23 17 17 15

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 3 12 24 32 19 10 15 15

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3 13 26 31 17 9 15 15

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2 7 16 32 28 14 18 16

100 workers or more .............................................. 1 4 11 34 27 23 19 20

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1 5 15 36 25 18 18 17

500 workers or more .......................................... 1 3 6 31 29 29 21 20

After 20 years

All workers ............................................................. 2 8 14 20 29 28 20 20

Full time ................................................................. 1 6 13 19 31 30 20 20

Part time ................................................................ 8 18 21 23 16 14 15 15

Union ..................................................................... – – 8 13 36 40 21 20

Nonunion ............................................................... 2 8 15 20 28 26 19 20

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 3 11 21 24 25 16 17 15

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3 12 23 25 23 14 16 15

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2 6 14 23 31 23 19 20

100 workers or more .............................................. 1 4 7 15 34 39 22 20

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1 5 9 19 34 31 21 20

500 workers or more .......................................... 1 3 4 9 33 49 24 25

1 Employees either are granted a specific number of days after completion of the indicated length of service or accrue days during the next 12-month period. The total number

of days is assumed to be available for use immediately upon completion of the service interval. Periods of service are chosen arbitrarily and do not necessarily reflect individual

provisions for progression. Fractional vacation amounts were rounded to the nearest full number of days. 2 Employees eligible for paid vacations but who have not fulfilled the minimum service requirement are included as receiving 0 days. Estimates include plans that are

exclusively for paid vacation and vacation plans that are part of a consolidated leave plan that provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of

major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 39. Standard errors for paid vacations: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 private industry

workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Paid vacation days by length of service2

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 19

days

20 to 24

days

Greater

than 24

days

After 1 year

All workers ............................................................. 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0

Part time ................................................................ 2.9 2.1 1.8 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.4

Union ..................................................................... 0.8 3.2 2.8 1.6 1.1 0.2 0.2 3 ( )

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.2 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.9 1.4 1.4 0.9 0.8 0.3 0.2 3 ( )

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.3 1.6 1.7 1.0 0.8 0.3 0.2 1.6

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.2 2.6 2.8 2.2 – – 0.4 0.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.4 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.2 3 ( )

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.6 1.5 1.5 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.4 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.1 1.1 0.3 0.7

After 5 years

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.2 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.0

Part time ................................................................ 1.4 2.7 2.3 1.5 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.0

Union ..................................................................... 0.2 0.9 2.7 2.2 1.7 1.1 0.3 1.2

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.3 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.6 1.4 1.3 1.4 0.9 0.7 0.2 1.1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 0.9 0.7 0.2 0.8

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.8 1.3 2.2 2.3 2.6 1.6 0.4 0.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.3 0.6 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.2 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.5 1.0 1.5 1.5 1.3 0.7 0.2 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.3 0.5 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.6 0.3 0.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 39. Standard errors for paid vacations: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 private industry

workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Paid vacation days by length of service2

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 19

days

20 to 24

days

Greater

than 24

days

After 10 years

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.7 0.2 0.1

Full time ................................................................. 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.7 0.2 0.9

Part time ................................................................ 1.3 2.4 2.7 1.8 1.0 0.8 0.3 0.3

Union ..................................................................... 0.2 0.6 1.7 2.9 2.3 1.6 0.3 3 ( )

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.7 0.2 0.3

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.5 0.8 1.4 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.3 0.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.6 1.0 1.6 1.5 1.3 0.9 0.2 0.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.8 1.3 1.5 2.2 2.5 2.0 0.5 1.6

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.3 0.6 0.6 1.3 1.0 1.0 0.2 3 ( )

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.4 1.1 0.3 1.4

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.3 0.4 0.6 2.0 1.6 1.5 0.2 0.0

After 20 years

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.2 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.2 0.0

Part time ................................................................ 1.4 2.4 2.7 1.6 1.2 1.4 0.3 0.0

Union ..................................................................... – – 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.0 0.3 3 ( )

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.2 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.5 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.1 0.3 0.4

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.6 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.1 0.3 0.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.8 1.3 1.3 2.1 2.6 2.4 0.5 0.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.2 0.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.3 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.4 0.3 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.4 1.4 0.2 3 ( )

1 Employees either are granted a specific number of days after completion of the indicated length of service or accrue days during the next 12-month period. The total number

of days is assumed to be available for use immediately upon completion of the service interval. Periods of service are chosen arbitrarily and do not necessarily reflect individual

provisions for progression. Fractional vacation amounts were rounded to the nearest full number of days. 2 Employees eligible for paid vacations but who have not fulfilled the minimum service requirement are included as receiving 0 days. Estimates include plans that are

exclusively for paid vacation and vacation plans that are part of a consolidated leave plan that provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes. 3 Less than 0.05.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 40. Consolidated leave plans:1 Access, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers with paid vacations = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With consolidated leave plan With no consolidated leave plan

Access

Paid days by length of

service

(Mean number of days) Access

Paid vacation days by

length of service

(Mean number of days)

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

All workers ............................................................. 45 14 18 20 23 55 8 12 15 17

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 56 16 20 22 24 44 11 15 17 19

Management, business, and financial ............... 49 16 20 23 25 51 12 15 17 19

Professional and related .................................... 60 16 20 22 24 40 11 15 17 19

Service ................................................................... 44 12 16 19 20 56 6 10 12 13

Protective service .............................................. 53 13 17 20 22 47 7 11 13 15

Sales and office ..................................................... 45 13 18 21 24 55 8 12 15 17

Sales and related ............................................... 42 12 17 20 23 58 8 12 15 17

Office and administrative support ...................... 46 14 19 22 24 54 8 13 15 17

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 35 11 14 17 19 65 7 11 14 15

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 35 8 12 14 15 65 7 10 13 14

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 35 13 17 20 22 65 8 12 15 17

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 30 10 14 17 20 70 7 12 15 18

Production ......................................................... 35 10 14 17 20 65 7 12 15 18

Transportation and material moving .................. 25 10 14 17 21 75 7 12 15 18

Full time ................................................................. 46 14 18 21 23 54 9 13 15 17

Part time ................................................................ 35 9 13 14 17 65 6 10 12 14

Union ..................................................................... 26 13 18 21 24 74 8 13 16 21

Nonunion ............................................................... 46 14 18 20 23 54 8 12 15 16

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 37 11 15 18 20 63 6 10 13 14

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 33 9 13 14 16 67 6 9 11 13

Second 25 percent ............................................ 45 13 17 20 22 55 8 12 15 16

Third 25 percent ................................................ 43 14 18 21 23 57 9 12 15 17

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 51 16 20 22 24 49 11 15 17 20

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 52 16 20 23 25 48 12 15 18 20

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 36 10 14 17 19 64 7 12 14 16

Construction ...................................................... 37 8 11 13 14 63 7 10 12 13

Manufacturing .................................................... 36 11 15 18 21 64 8 12 15 18

Service-providing industries .................................. 47 14 19 21 23 53 9 13 15 17

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 36 11 16 19 23 64 7 12 15 18

Wholesale trade ............................................. 35 12 16 19 21 65 8 12 15 17

Retail trade .................................................... 41 11 17 20 25 59 6 11 13 16

Transportation and warehousing ................... 29 10 15 18 21 71 8 13 16 20

Utilities ........................................................... 32 16 19 21 27 68 11 14 17 21

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 40. Consolidated leave plans:1 Access, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with paid vacations = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With consolidated leave plan With no consolidated leave plan

Access

Paid days by length of

service

(Mean number of days) Access

Paid vacation days by

length of service

(Mean number of days)

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

Information ......................................................... 49 17 22 25 27 51 11 15 17 20

Financial activities ............................................. 49 17 21 24 26 51 12 15 17 19

Finance and insurance .................................. 53 17 22 25 27 47 13 16 17 20

Credit intermediation and related activities 43 18 22 26 27 57 13 16 18 20

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 71 17 22 24 27 29 11 15 17 19

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 33 12 15 17 18 67 10 14 16 17

Professional and business services .................. 52 14 18 20 22 48 10 13 16 18

Professional and technical services .............. 64 15 18 20 23 36 11 15 17 18

Administrative and waste services ................ 40 12 16 19 20 60 7 11 14 16

Education and health services ........................... 60 16 20 23 25 40 10 14 16 17

Educational services ...................................... 25 13 17 19 19 75 13 16 19 20

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 12 16 20 23 24 88 14 16 19 21

Health care and social assistance ................. 63 16 21 23 25 37 9 13 16 16

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 31 9 13 15 16 69 6 9 12 12

Accommodation and food services ................ 29 8 13 15 16 71 5 9 11 12

Other services ................................................... 35 10 14 16 17 65 8 12 14 15

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 41 12 16 18 20 59 8 11 13 15

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 40 11 15 18 19 60 7 11 13 14

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 43 13 18 21 22 57 8 13 15 17

100 workers or more .............................................. 49 15 19 22 25 51 9 14 17 20

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 45 13 18 21 24 55 9 13 16 19

500 workers or more .......................................... 54 17 21 24 27 46 11 14 17 21

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 38 15 19 21 23 62 9 13 15 17

New England ..................................................... 39 16 21 23 25 61 10 14 16 17

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 38 15 18 21 23 62 9 13 15 17

South ..................................................................... 45 13 18 20 22 55 8 12 14 16

South Atlantic .................................................... 45 14 18 20 23 55 8 12 14 16

East South Central ............................................ 42 14 18 21 24 58 8 11 13 15

West South Central ........................................... 48 12 17 19 21 52 8 12 14 16

Midwest ................................................................. 46 14 18 21 24 54 8 13 16 18

East North Central ............................................. 45 13 17 20 23 55 8 13 16 19

West North Central ............................................ 50 15 19 22 24 50 8 12 15 18

West ...................................................................... 47 13 17 20 22 53 8 12 15 17

Mountain ............................................................ 57 13 17 20 22 43 8 12 15 17

Pacific ................................................................ 43 13 17 20 22 57 8 13 15 17

1 A consolidated leave plan provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes, such as vacation, illness, or personal

business. Those with no consolidated leave plan often have separate leave plans for different purposes. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings

both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 40. Standard errors for consolidated leave plans:1 Access, private industry workers, March

2021

Characteristics

With consolidated leave plan With no consolidated leave plan

Access

Paid days by length of

service

(Mean number of days) Access

Paid vacation days by

length of service

(Mean number of days)

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

All workers ............................................................. 0.9 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 1.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.7 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 1.7 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Professional and related .................................... 1.8 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 1.8 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Service ................................................................... 2.9 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 2.9 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4

Protective service .............................................. 7.3 1.4 1.8 2.1 2.0 7.3 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.7

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

Sales and related ............................................... 1.8 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 1.8 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 1.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.4 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 2.4 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.3 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 3.3 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.6

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.7 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.6 2.7 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 1.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

Production ......................................................... 2.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 2.0 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.0 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.1 2.0 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Full time ................................................................. 0.9 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

Part time ................................................................ 2.1 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 2.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4

Union ..................................................................... 2.1 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 2.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.9 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.7 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.6 1.7 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 3.3 0.6 1.1 1.4 1.5 3.3 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.6

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 1.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 1.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.7 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.5 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 1.5 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3

Construction ...................................................... 2.4 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.6 2.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

Manufacturing .................................................... 2.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 2.0 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Wholesale trade ............................................. 2.8 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.2 2.8 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.5

Retail trade .................................................... 1.7 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

Transportation and warehousing ................... 2.7 0.5 0.9 1.3 1.7 2.7 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.8

Utilities ........................................................... 7.0 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 7.0 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 40. Standard errors for consolidated leave plans:1 Access, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

With consolidated leave plan With no consolidated leave plan

Access

Paid days by length of

service

(Mean number of days) Access

Paid vacation days by

length of service

(Mean number of days)

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

Information ......................................................... 4.3 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.0 4.3 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5

Financial activities ............................................. 1.9 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 1.9 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.8 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 1.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Credit intermediation and related activities 2.8 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 2.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 1.9 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 1.9 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.6

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 5.4 0.9 1.1 1.5 1.7 5.4 0.4 0.8 0.7 0.8

Professional and business services .................. 2.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.7 2.1 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5

Professional and technical services .............. 2.3 1.5 1.3 1.2 0.9 2.3 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7

Administrative and waste services ................ 4.4 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.0 4.4 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.8

Education and health services ........................... 3.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 3.0 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7

Educational services ...................................... 3.1 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 3.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.9 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.9 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.3 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 3.3 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 4.7 0.7 1.2 1.2 1.4 4.7 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6

Accommodation and food services ................ 5.2 0.8 1.3 1.3 1.6 5.2 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.6

Other services ................................................... 4.0 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.1 4.0 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.8 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 2.8 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.4

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.6 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.9 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.9 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

New England ..................................................... 3.8 1.7 1.8 2.1 1.9 3.8 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.4

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.5 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.7 1.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5

South ..................................................................... 1.7 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 2.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

East South Central ............................................ 1.6 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.4 1.6 0.4 0.5 0.7 1.1

West South Central ........................................... 3.5 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 3.5 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.6

Midwest ................................................................. 1.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

East North Central ............................................. 1.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.7 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2

West North Central ............................................ 3.4 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 3.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5

West ...................................................................... 2.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.6 2.0 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4

Mountain ............................................................ 3.6 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.8 3.6 0.3 0.5 0.7 1.0

Pacific ................................................................ 2.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 0.8 2.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5

1 A consolidated leave plan provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes, such as vacation, illness, or personal

business. Those with no consolidated leave plan often have separate leave plans for different purposes. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings

both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 41. Quality of life benefits: Access, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics Childcare1 Flexible

workplace

Flexible

work

schedule

Subsidized

commuting

Wellness

programs

Employee

assistance

programs

All workers ............................................................. 10 8 14 8 42 51

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 18 18 27 15 60 69

Management, business, and financial ............... 19 25 33 17 63 70

Professional and related .................................... 18 14 23 14 59 69

Service ................................................................... 10 1 10 6 21 29

Protective service .............................................. 6 – 6 4 22 33

Sales and office ..................................................... 7 8 14 7 46 55

Sales and related ............................................... 4 7 12 4 41 53

Office and administrative support ...................... 9 8 14 8 49 56

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 5 2 4 4 28 35

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 4 1 3 3 23 26

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 6 3 5 5 33 45

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 5 2 5 3 44 55

Production ......................................................... 8 3 5 4 46 54

Transportation and material moving .................. 2 1 4 2 42 56

Full time ................................................................. 12 10 16 9 49 58

Part time ................................................................ 6 2 11 4 24 33

Union ..................................................................... 15 2 5 9 58 74

Nonunion ............................................................... 10 8 15 8 41 49

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 5 1 8 3 24 32

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 5 1 8 3 15 22

Second 25 percent ............................................ 8 4 10 6 42 52

Third 25 percent ................................................ 11 9 14 9 47 55

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 19 19 27 16 62 72

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 25 25 33 21 69 78

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 8 6 9 4 43 49

Construction ...................................................... 2 2 4 3 20 24

Manufacturing .................................................... 11 8 11 5 55 62

Service-providing industries .................................. 11 8 16 9 42 52

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 3 3 7 4 46 60

Wholesale trade ............................................. 4 11 13 6 42 55

Retail trade .................................................... 2 1 5 2 43 58

Transportation and warehousing ................... – – 4 4 52 68

Utilities ........................................................... 20 3 – 21 77 83

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 41. Quality of life benefits: Access, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics Childcare1 Flexible

workplace

Flexible

work

schedule

Subsidized

commuting

Wellness

programs

Employee

assistance

programs

Information ......................................................... 32 20 34 23 55 69

Financial activities ............................................. 18 19 30 18 64 73

Finance and insurance .................................. 23 23 35 21 76 83

Credit intermediation and related activities 28 14 25 15 77 83

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 14 33 48 26 76 81

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 3 7 – – 26 41

Professional and business services .................. 10 20 25 10 39 46

Professional and technical services .............. 15 33 41 13 52 61

Administrative and waste services ................ 2 4 8 4 12 22

Education and health services ........................... 19 4 14 10 49 60

Educational services ...................................... 25 9 11 13 49 60

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 39 11 16 26 75 85

Health care and social assistance ................. 18 4 14 10 49 60

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 7 – 9 8 18 19

Accommodation and food services ................ 8 – 10 8 19 19

Other services ................................................... 3 6 15 6 21 27

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 6 6 12 5 25 33

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 6 6 11 5 22 29

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 6 6 14 5 38 49

100 workers or more .............................................. 17 10 18 12 65 75

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 8 8 16 8 56 68

500 workers or more .......................................... 28 12 21 17 76 84

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 13 7 19 12 43 52

New England ..................................................... 12 5 17 14 46 57

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 13 8 19 12 42 50

South ..................................................................... 10 8 13 6 41 48

South Atlantic .................................................... 12 8 13 8 43 50

East South Central ............................................ 6 6 9 2 46 50

West South Central ........................................... 8 8 14 6 37 44

Midwest ................................................................. 9 8 14 5 45 56

East North Central ............................................. 10 8 15 6 46 57

West North Central ............................................ 9 8 12 4 45 55

West ...................................................................... 10 8 14 11 40 51

Mountain ............................................................ 9 6 10 9 41 54

Pacific ................................................................ 10 8 15 12 40 50

1 A workplace program that provides for either the full or partial cost of caring for an employee’s children in a nursery, day care center, or a baby

sitter in facilities either on or off the employer’s premises. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with

earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related

terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 41. Standard errors for quality of life benefits: Access, private industry workers, March

2021

Characteristics Childcare1 Flexible

workplace

Flexible

work

schedule

Subsidized

commuting

Wellness

programs

Employee

assistance

programs

All workers ............................................................. 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.5 1.1 0.8

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.0 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.7 1.2

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.8 1.3

Professional and related .................................... 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.1 2.3 1.6

Service ................................................................... 1.6 0.5 1.9 1.4 1.7 1.6

Protective service .............................................. 1.6 – 2.5 2.0 3.7 6.4

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.5 1.3 1.1

Sales and related ............................................... 0.8 1.4 1.5 0.6 1.8 1.5

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.7 0.8 1.3 0.6 1.4 1.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.6 1.8

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.0 0.2 0.5 0.9 1.9 2.4

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.4 2.3 2.5

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.4 2.0 1.7

Production ......................................................... 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.7 2.6 2.3

Transportation and material moving .................. 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.6 2.7 1.9

Full time ................................................................. 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.5 1.1 1.0

Part time ................................................................ 0.8 0.4 1.3 0.8 1.3 1.2

Union ..................................................................... 1.6 0.5 0.7 1.3 3.0 2.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.5 1.1 0.8

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.9 0.3 1.1 0.6 1.3 1.2

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.3 0.6 1.7 0.8 1.7 1.9

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.9 0.5 1.3 0.9 2.0 1.7

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.5 1.2

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.4

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.6

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.4 1.6 2.0

Construction ...................................................... 0.7 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.4 1.8

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.1 0.8 1.1 0.5 2.0 2.2

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.5 1.3 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.5 1.6 1.2

Wholesale trade ............................................. 1.0 1.3 1.8 1.0 2.5 2.8

Retail trade .................................................... 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.4 1.6 1.4

Transportation and warehousing ................... – – 2.1 1.2 3.9 2.9

Utilities ........................................................... 3.0 1.7 – 3.7 5.8 4.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 41. Standard errors for quality of life benefits: Access, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics Childcare1 Flexible

workplace

Flexible

work

schedule

Subsidized

commuting

Wellness

programs

Employee

assistance

programs

Information ......................................................... 3.5 2.1 3.9 2.7 3.9 3.1

Financial activities ............................................. 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.7 1.7

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.2

Credit intermediation and related activities 1.9 1.4 2.0 1.4 2.2 1.8

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 1.8 2.6 2.1 2.4 3.0 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 1.3 2.7 – – 3.8 4.7

Professional and business services .................. 1.2 2.2 1.6 1.9 1.9 1.7

Professional and technical services .............. 2.0 3.8 4.1 2.9 3.2 3.1

Administrative and waste services ................ 1.0 1.2 1.9 1.4 2.2 2.9

Education and health services ........................... 1.8 1.0 2.2 1.0 3.6 2.3

Educational services ...................................... 2.4 1.9 2.0 1.1 2.8 2.9

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.6 1.7 1.4 2.0 3.3 2.0

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.0 1.1 2.5 1.1 4.1 2.6

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 2.0 – 2.1 2.1 2.8 2.4

Accommodation and food services ................ 2.4 – 2.4 2.5 3.3 3.1

Other services ................................................... 1.1 1.7 3.2 2.0 2.1 2.5

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.5 1.0 1.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.3 1.2 1.8 0.8 2.7 2.6

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.8 0.7 1.0 0.9 1.5 1.2

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.8 0.8 1.3 1.1 1.9 1.4

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.6 1.3 1.6 1.4 2.0 1.7

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.0 1.1 2.3 0.9 2.3 1.8

New England ..................................................... 1.3 1.8 2.8 1.8 2.0 3.6

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.3 1.4 3.1 1.2 3.3 2.1

South ..................................................................... 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.6 1.4 1.2

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.7 1.2 0.8 1.0 1.8 1.7

East South Central ............................................ 1.1 2.6 1.1 0.4 4.2 1.5

West South Central ........................................... 1.0 1.9 1.7 0.7 2.7 2.2

Midwest ................................................................. 0.8 0.7 1.3 1.1 3.1 1.8

East North Central ............................................. 0.9 0.8 1.4 1.5 4.2 2.4

West North Central ............................................ 1.7 1.6 2.9 1.1 3.6 2.7

West ...................................................................... 1.4 0.9 1.4 1.2 1.7 1.8

Mountain ............................................................ 1.4 1.9 2.8 2.4 3.6 2.1

Pacific ................................................................ 1.8 1.0 1.5 1.4 2.0 2.3

1 A workplace program that provides for either the full or partial cost of caring for an employee’s children in a nursery, day care center, or a baby

sitter in facilities either on or off the employer’s premises. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with

earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related

terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 42. Financial benefits: Access, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Health

savings

account

Section 125 cafeteria benefits

Savings

plans with

no employer

contribution3

Payroll

deduction

IRA4

Financial

planning

Student

loan

repaymentFlexible

benefits

Dependent

care flexible

spending

account1

Healthcare

flexible

spending

account2

All workers ............................................................. 34 11 39 43 14 6 21 4

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 53 19 60 65 19 8 32 7

Management, business, and financial ............... 59 19 66 69 19 9 36 8

Professional and related .................................... 49 19 56 62 19 8 30 7

Service ................................................................... 16 5 18 22 8 3 9 3

Protective service .............................................. 16 – 16 39 6 4 12 –

Sales and office ..................................................... 36 9 39 42 12 5 24 2

Sales and related ............................................... 30 6 32 33 9 3 23 2

Office and administrative support ...................... 40 12 45 48 15 6 24 3

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 26 8 27 29 14 4 14 2

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 19 6 17 19 12 5 10 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 33 10 37 40 16 3 18 3

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 29 10 40 44 16 6 19 2

Production ......................................................... 30 14 43 45 19 10 24 3

Transportation and material moving .................. 28 7 38 43 14 3 15 –

Full time ................................................................. 42 14 47 52 16 7 24 4

Part time ................................................................ 11 3 17 17 8 2 11 2

Union ..................................................................... 36 12 55 60 23 7 25 3

Nonunion ............................................................... 34 11 38 41 13 5 21 4

Average wage within the following categories:5

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 16 4 17 19 8 3 12 2

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 10 3 11 12 5 1 5 2

Second 25 percent ............................................ 32 9 38 42 12 5 19 3

Third 25 percent ................................................ 38 14 44 49 15 6 23 3

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 55 20 63 68 22 9 33 8

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 63 21 70 74 22 10 39 10

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 35 13 39 44 14 8 23 2

Construction ...................................................... 21 6 16 19 11 5 11 –

Manufacturing .................................................... 41 16 51 56 16 10 30 4

Service-providing industries .................................. 34 11 39 43 14 5 21 4

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 33 6 37 39 11 2 22 2

Wholesale trade ............................................. 40 14 43 51 12 3 20 4

Retail trade .................................................... 29 3 29 28 7 2 26 1

Transportation and warehousing ................... 35 6 51 54 17 – 13 3

Utilities ........................................................... 68 24 58 60 – – 49 –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 42. Financial benefits: Access, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Health

savings

account

Section 125 cafeteria benefits

Savings

plans with

no employer

contribution3

Payroll

deduction

IRA4

Financial

planning

Student

loan

repaymentFlexible

benefits

Dependent

care flexible

spending

account1

Healthcare

flexible

spending

account2

Information ......................................................... 54 16 69 72 30 – 35 5

Financial activities ............................................. 56 23 68 70 17 10 37 8

Finance and insurance .................................. 67 26 78 79 20 12 45 10

Credit intermediation and related activities 69 26 82 84 20 15 43 8

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 65 27 74 74 18 10 48 12

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 20 13 36 38 9 – 9 –

Professional and business services .................. 40 13 42 46 18 8 23 4

Professional and technical services .............. 60 16 58 60 16 8 36 7

Administrative and waste services ................ 13 3 14 20 19 7 6 –

Education and health services ........................... 35 16 44 51 16 6 20 5

Educational services ...................................... 44 17 51 54 26 12 25 4

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 58 32 80 83 45 18 40 4

Health care and social assistance ................. 34 15 43 51 15 5 19 5

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 11 3 13 12 5 2 6 4

Accommodation and food services ................ 13 3 14 13 6 2 6 –

Other services ................................................... 20 6 21 24 11 3 8 4

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 24 6 24 27 10 4 11 3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 21 5 21 23 9 4 9 3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 34 10 35 39 16 5 17 4

100 workers or more .............................................. 48 18 60 64 18 8 35 5

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 42 13 50 53 15 6 32 4

500 workers or more .......................................... 56 24 73 79 23 10 38 7

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 31 10 43 46 17 8 21 4

New England ..................................................... 33 10 45 47 17 7 30 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 30 10 42 46 17 8 18 4

South ..................................................................... 32 12 35 40 10 4 21 5

South Atlantic .................................................... 32 12 36 43 10 4 22 5

East South Central ............................................ 29 13 35 38 14 6 23 –

West South Central ........................................... 35 12 34 38 8 3 20 5

Midwest ................................................................. 37 13 42 44 16 6 23 3

East North Central ............................................. 37 12 43 46 18 7 24 2

West North Central ............................................ 38 15 41 41 12 5 22 4

West ...................................................................... 38 8 39 42 15 6 18 3

Mountain ............................................................ 44 9 39 43 11 3 21 3

Pacific ................................................................ 35 8 39 42 17 6 17 3

1 Formerly referred to as Dependent care reimbursement account. 2 Formerly referred to as Healthcare reimbursement account. 3 Savings plans established by the employer on behalf of the employee, but with no employer contribution. These are cash or deferred arrangement plans or

individual retirement accounts used to fund savings and retirement plans authorized by section 401(k), 403(b), or 457 of the Internal Revenue Code. The employees’

contributions can be pre- and post-tax. Employees may authorize a payroll deduction by the employer to fund the established plan. 4 An individual retirement plan that can be sponsored by the employer, but with no employer contributions. The employee establishes either a traditional (with

tax-deductible contributions) or Roth (contributions are made post-tax but accumulate tax-free until retirement) IRA plan with a financial institution, and authorizes the

payroll deduction by the employer. 5 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 42. Standard errors for financial benefits: Access, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Health

savings

account

Section 125 cafeteria benefits

Savings

plans with

no employer

contribution3

Payroll

deduction

IRA4

Financial

planning

Student

loan

repayment

Flexible

benefits

Dependent

care flexible

spending

account1

Healthcare

flexible

spending

account2

All workers ............................................................. 0.8 0.5 0.8 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.8 0.3

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 0.9 1.3 0.8

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.9 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 2.1 1.0

Professional and related .................................... 1.7 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.0 1.7 1.0

Service ................................................................... 1.6 0.7 1.3 1.6 0.9 0.6 1.0 1.0

Protective service .............................................. 3.5 – 2.8 6.7 2.1 1.8 3.0 –

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.1 0.5 1.2 1.4 0.9 0.4 1.1 0.3

Sales and related ............................................... 1.5 0.7 1.5 1.6 1.3 0.7 1.2 0.5

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.6 0.6 1.6 1.8 1.2 0.7 1.3 0.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.8 1.0 1.9 1.8 1.3 0.6 1.6 0.3

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 2.7 1.1 2.4 2.2 2.2 1.0 2.0 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.3 1.5 2.8 2.8 1.7 0.6 2.2 0.6

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.7 0.9 1.9 2.0 1.5 0.9 1.4 0.4

Production ......................................................... 2.2 1.3 2.3 2.4 1.9 1.5 1.8 0.5

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.4 1.2 2.6 2.7 1.7 0.9 1.6 –

Full time ................................................................. 1.0 0.6 1.0 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.4

Part time ................................................................ 0.7 0.5 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.4 0.8 0.7

Union ..................................................................... 2.1 1.8 2.4 2.5 2.0 1.2 2.4 0.7

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.9 0.5 0.8 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.3

Average wage within the following categories:5

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.0 0.6 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.5 1.0 0.6

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.4 1.0 0.8

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.3 0.6 1.7 1.7 1.0 0.6 1.3 0.5

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.5 0.9 1.3 1.4 1.0 0.5 1.2 0.4

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.5 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.2 0.9 1.5 0.9

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.8 1.7 2.4 2.6 1.4 1.3 2.0 1.5

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.6 0.8 1.7 1.6 1.0 0.9 1.7 0.4

Construction ...................................................... 2.4 1.0 1.4 1.6 1.8 0.9 1.5 –

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.8 1.2 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.4 2.1 0.7

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.9 0.5 1.0 1.2 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.5 0.8 1.2 1.5 0.8 0.4 1.4 0.4

Wholesale trade ............................................. 2.8 2.6 2.4 3.3 1.5 1.0 2.1 1.2

Retail trade .................................................... 0.9 0.6 1.4 1.1 0.8 0.6 1.2 0.4

Transportation and warehousing ................... 4.5 1.7 4.2 3.9 2.6 – 3.1 1.2

Utilities ........................................................... 5.4 5.6 5.5 5.7 – – 4.5 –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 42. Standard errors for financial benefits: Access, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Health

savings

account

Section 125 cafeteria benefits

Savings

plans with

no employer

contribution3

Payroll

deduction

IRA4

Financial

planning

Student

loan

repayment

Flexible

benefits

Dependent

care flexible

spending

account1

Healthcare

flexible

spending

account2

Information ......................................................... 3.1 2.9 4.6 4.0 4.8 – 3.2 1.5

Financial activities ............................................. 2.0 1.2 1.7 1.7 1.3 0.8 1.6 0.8

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.6 1.0 1.7 1.3 1.3 0.9 1.9 1.0

Credit intermediation and related activities 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.9 1.3 2.2 1.2

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 3.1 2.2 3.1 2.9 2.4 1.5 3.6 1.7

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 4.3 3.4 5.0 4.7 2.8 – 2.3 –

Professional and business services .................. 2.7 1.6 1.8 2.6 1.6 1.2 2.1 0.9

Professional and technical services .............. 3.7 2.6 3.2 3.5 2.6 2.4 3.9 1.8

Administrative and waste services ................ 1.5 0.9 1.6 3.2 1.7 1.7 1.1 –

Education and health services ........................... 2.4 1.1 2.6 2.8 1.5 1.0 1.8 1.0

Educational services ...................................... 2.7 1.6 2.8 2.8 2.3 1.2 2.5 2.1

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.5 2.9 2.2 2.2 2.2 1.5 2.9 0.9

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.7 1.3 2.9 3.1 1.6 1.1 2.1 1.2

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 2.5 1.0 2.1 1.9 1.0 0.8 1.7 1.4

Accommodation and food services ................ 2.8 1.2 2.5 2.3 1.3 0.9 1.9 –

Other services ................................................... 2.0 1.3 3.5 3.6 2.5 1.1 2.5 1.6

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.3 0.5 0.9 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.4

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.4 0.5 1.0 1.2 0.7 0.4 0.9 0.4

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.6 1.7 2.2 2.3 1.6 1.1 1.7 1.2

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.2 1.0 1.4 1.5 1.0 0.7 1.3 0.4

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.0 0.7 1.6 0.6

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.2 2.1 0.8

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.6 0.7 1.1 1.5 1.9 1.2 1.5 0.8

New England ..................................................... 3.8 1.3 2.7 2.7 2.6 1.5 2.0 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.4 0.8 1.1 1.7 2.5 1.5 2.0 0.3

South ..................................................................... 1.7 0.7 1.1 1.5 0.6 0.6 1.0 0.6

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.0 0.9 1.7 2.0 0.8 0.8 1.5 0.8

East South Central ............................................ 3.3 2.0 2.1 2.6 1.8 2.4 2.0 –

West South Central ........................................... 4.1 1.4 1.9 2.9 0.7 0.4 1.6 0.7

Midwest ................................................................. 1.6 1.2 2.1 2.5 1.0 0.9 2.3 0.3

East North Central ............................................. 1.4 1.4 3.0 3.2 1.2 1.0 3.1 0.3

West North Central ............................................ 4.2 2.2 1.5 3.6 1.8 1.9 2.7 0.5

West ...................................................................... 1.3 0.9 2.2 2.4 1.1 0.7 1.2 0.7

Mountain ............................................................ 2.6 1.2 3.7 3.5 1.6 0.8 2.3 0.7

Pacific ................................................................ 1.6 1.1 2.7 3.1 1.4 1.0 1.4 0.9

1 Formerly referred to as Dependent care reimbursement account. 2 Formerly referred to as Healthcare reimbursement account. 3 Savings plans established by the employer on behalf of the employee, but with no employer contribution. These are cash or deferred arrangement plans or

individual retirement accounts used to fund savings and retirement plans authorized by section 401(k), 403(b), or 457 of the Internal Revenue Code. The employees’

contributions can be pre- and post-tax. Employees may authorize a payroll deduction by the employer to fund the established plan. 4 An individual retirement plan that can be sponsored by the employer, but with no employer contributions. The employee establishes either a traditional (with

tax-deductible contributions) or Roth (contributions are made post-tax but accumulate tax-free until retirement) IRA plan with a financial institution, and authorizes the

payroll deduction by the employer. 5 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 43. Health-related benefits: Access, private industry workers,

 March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Long-term

care

insurance1

Retiree healthcare

benefits2

Under age

65

Age 65 and

over

All workers ............................................................. 14 14 13

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 25 21 19

Management, business, and financial ............... 30 23 22

Professional and related .................................... 21 19 17

Service ................................................................... 6 3 3

Protective service .............................................. 4 4 4

Sales and office ..................................................... 14 13 12

Sales and related ............................................... 10 9 8

Office and administrative support ...................... 17 17 16

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 10 12 12

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 5 10 12

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 15 14 13

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 11 18 17

Production ......................................................... 10 14 13

Transportation and material moving .................. 12 21 21

Full time ................................................................. 17 17 15

Part time ................................................................ 6 5 5

Union ..................................................................... 19 – –

Nonunion ............................................................... 14 11 10

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 5 3 2

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 3 1 1

Second 25 percent ............................................ 11 12 11

Third 25 percent ................................................ 17 15 15

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 27 27 26

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 32 29 27

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 11 15 14

Construction ...................................................... 5 8 8

Manufacturing .................................................... 14 19 17

Service-providing industries .................................. 15 13 13

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 11 15 14

Wholesale trade ............................................. 13 7 5

Retail trade .................................................... 6 6 6

Transportation and warehousing ................... 19 36 36

Utilities ........................................................... 43 62 60

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 43. Health-related benefits: Access, private industry workers,

 March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Long-term

care

insurance1

Retiree healthcare

benefits2

Under age

65

Age 65 and

over

Information ......................................................... 41 28 27

Financial activities ............................................. 41 40 38

Finance and insurance .................................. 50 51 49

Credit intermediation and related activities 51 57 53

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 47 44 44

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 11 3 4

Professional and business services .................. 15 11 10

Professional and technical services .............. 19 12 14

Administrative and waste services ................ 2 3 3

Education and health services ........................... 17 11 10

Educational services ...................................... 32 24 23

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 53 44 43

Health care and social assistance ................. 15 10 9

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 3 – –

Accommodation and food services ................ 3 – –

Other services ................................................... 5 4 4

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 7 5 5

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 6 5 5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 11 7 7

100 workers or more .............................................. 24 24 23

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 16 13 12

500 workers or more .......................................... 33 39 36

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 16 16 16

New England ..................................................... 16 13 13

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 16 17 17

South ..................................................................... 15 14 12

South Atlantic .................................................... 16 12 10

East South Central ............................................ 12 19 18

West South Central ........................................... 14 14 13

Midwest ................................................................. 13 14 14

East North Central ............................................. 14 15 15

West North Central ............................................ 12 12 11

West ...................................................................... 14 10 10

Mountain ............................................................ 19 13 13

Pacific ................................................................ 11 9 8

1 A health plan that provides long-term (more than 1 year) custodial care, home care, or nursing

home care. The plan, although sponsored by the employer, may be fully paid for by the employee. 2 A health plan that provides coverage to a retiree beyond what is mandated by COBRA or other

health continuation laws. The plan, although sponsored by the employer, may be fully paid for by the

employee. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions

of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 43. Standard errors for health-related benefits: Access,

private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Long-term

care

insurance1

Retiree healthcare

benefits2

Under age

65

Age 65 and

over

All workers ............................................................. 0.6 0.5 0.4

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.1 1.0 1.0

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.6 1.5 1.5

Professional and related .................................... 1.2 1.4 1.3

Service ................................................................... 1.1 0.4 0.7

Protective service .............................................. 1.4 1.3 1.3

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.6 0.6 0.6

Sales and related ............................................... 0.7 0.8 0.7

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.8 0.9 0.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 0.9 1.1 1.1

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.0 1.4 1.2

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.5 1.7 1.7

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.2 1.3 1.1

Production ......................................................... 0.9 1.3 1.0

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.9 2.2 1.9

Full time ................................................................. 0.6 0.6 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 0.5 0.6 0.7

Union ..................................................................... 1.6 – –

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.6 0.4 0.4

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.5 0.3 0.2

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 0.5 0.3 0.3

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.9 0.8 0.8

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.9 0.8 0.8

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.2 1.2 1.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.9 1.7 1.6

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.8 0.8 0.6

Construction ...................................................... 0.9 1.2 1.1

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.0 1.1 1.0

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.6 0.5 0.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.1 1.2 1.0

Wholesale trade ............................................. 2.0 1.3 0.9

Retail trade .................................................... 0.6 0.6 0.6

Transportation and warehousing ................... 3.9 3.4 2.9

Utilities ........................................................... 4.1 4.9 4.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 43. Standard errors for health-related benefits: Access,

private industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Long-term

care

insurance1

Retiree healthcare

benefits2

Under age

65

Age 65 and

over

Information ......................................................... 3.6 3.3 3.3

Financial activities ............................................. 1.4 1.4 1.3

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.5 1.5 1.5

Credit intermediation and related activities 2.3 2.2 2.1

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 2.6 3.1 3.0

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 2.8 1.1 1.4

Professional and business services .................. 1.4 1.2 1.3

Professional and technical services .............. 2.7 2.4 2.5

Administrative and waste services ................ 0.5 0.7 0.7

Education and health services ........................... 1.5 1.2 1.1

Educational services ...................................... 2.2 2.5 2.6

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 3.3 3.0 2.8

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.6 1.3 1.2

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 0.8 – –

Accommodation and food services ................ 0.9 – –

Other services ................................................... 0.9 1.6 1.5

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.7 0.4 0.4

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.8 0.5 0.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.5 0.9 0.9

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.0 0.9 0.8

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.1 0.7 0.7

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.9 1.5 1.6

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.6 0.8 1.0

New England ..................................................... 2.1 1.4 1.2

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.0 1.0 1.4

South ..................................................................... 0.9 0.8 0.6

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.5 0.9 0.7

East South Central ............................................ 1.4 2.6 1.3

West South Central ........................................... 1.0 1.4 1.3

Midwest ................................................................. 1.0 0.8 0.9

East North Central ............................................. 1.4 1.0 0.9

West North Central ............................................ 1.0 1.5 1.9

West ...................................................................... 1.2 1.2 1.1

Mountain ............................................................ 2.4 2.2 1.1

Pacific ................................................................ 1.3 1.5 1.4

1 A health plan that provides long-term (more than 1 year) custodial care, home care, or nursing

home care. The plan, although sponsored by the employer, may be fully paid for by the employee. 2 A health plan that provides coverage to a retiree beyond what is mandated by COBRA or other

health continuation laws. The plan, although sponsored by the employer, may be fully paid for by the

employee. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions

of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 44. Nonproduction bonuses: Access, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

All

nonproduction

bonuses1

Cash

profit-sharing

bonus

Employee

recognition

bonus

End-of-year

bonus

Holiday

bonus

Payment in

lieu of

benefits

bonus

Longevity

bonus

Referral

bonus

Other

bonus2

All workers ............................................................. 41 7 3 12 6 4 1 6 10

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 50 7 5 16 4 5 1 9 13

Management, business, and financial ............... 61 9 7 21 5 4 1 11 17

Professional and related .................................... 43 6 4 14 3 6 1 8 11

Service ................................................................... 24 3 2 6 5 2 1 5 4

Protective service .............................................. 24 3 5 – – 2 – 6 2

Sales and office ..................................................... 43 11 2 10 6 4 1 6 9

Sales and related ............................................... 36 13 1 7 6 3 1 4 6

Office and administrative support ...................... 48 10 3 12 7 4 1 7 11

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 43 6 1 16 11 3 1 5 7

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 42 6 1 18 12 1 – 2 6

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 44 6 2 13 10 5 1 8 9

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 42 7 1 11 7 3 1 4 15

Production ......................................................... 48 9 1 14 9 3 2 5 15

Transportation and material moving .................. 36 6 1 7 6 2 3 ( ) 4 15

Full time ................................................................. 47 8 3 14 7 4 1 7 12

Part time ................................................................ 22 5 1 5 4 2 – 3 4

Union ..................................................................... 31 8 2 3 1 9 – 3 15

Nonunion ............................................................... 41 7 3 12 6 3 1 7 9

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 27 6 1 6 6 1 1 4 4

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 18 2 1 4 4 – – 3 3

Second 25 percent ............................................ 40 7 2 12 7 3 1 6 9

Third 25 percent ................................................ 45 7 3 13 7 5 1 6 12

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 53 9 6 17 4 6 1 9 16

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 58 11 7 19 2 7 1 10 17

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 50 9 1 17 9 3 2 4 14

Construction ...................................................... 43 6 2 20 11 – – 3 4

Manufacturing .................................................... 54 11 1 16 8 4 2 4 20

Service-providing industries .................................. 38 7 3 10 5 4 1 7 9

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 38 12 1 8 7 3 1 3 8

Wholesale trade ............................................. 50 6 2 18 13 3 – 4 8

Retail trade .................................................... 36 17 1 4 8 2 1 3 3

Transportation and warehousing ................... 34 8 – 5 1 4 – 3 20

Utilities ........................................................... 47 – 7 20 – 12 – – 10

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 44. Nonproduction bonuses: Access, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

All

nonproduction

bonuses1

Cash

profit-sharing

bonus

Employee

recognition

bonus

End-of-year

bonus

Holiday

bonus

Payment in

lieu of

benefits

bonus

Longevity

bonus

Referral

bonus

Other

bonus2

Information ......................................................... 64 15 7 22 – 18 – 23 17

Financial activities ............................................. 67 12 9 20 5 3 3 10 20

Finance and insurance .................................. 75 14 11 22 3 3 3 11 24

Credit intermediation and related activities 71 14 5 18 3 2 1 11 27

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 77 11 21 25 3 3 6 10 19

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 42 – – – – – 3 6 7

Professional and business services .................. 42 5 4 15 3 3 – 9 11

Professional and technical services .............. 53 8 6 21 3 3 – 8 16

Administrative and waste services ................ 22 – 1 9 2 – – 7 3

Education and health services ........................... 34 – 2 7 6 6 1 9 9

Educational services ...................................... 18 – – 3 4 6 – 2 2

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 17 – 1 – – 10 – 2 1

Health care and social assistance ................. 36 – 2 8 6 6 2 10 10

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 20 4 – 6 4 2 – – 2

Accommodation and food services ................ 22 4 – 6 4 2 – – 2

Other services ................................................... 32 – – 14 10 – – – 3

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 36 4 1 14 8 2 1 4 6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 35 3 1 13 8 3 1 3 6

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 41 4 2 14 7 2 2 9 10

100 workers or more .............................................. 47 12 4 9 3 5 1 9 14

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 47 13 3 9 4 4 1 9 12

500 workers or more .......................................... 47 10 6 9 2 6 1 9 18

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 38 5 2 12 4 5 3 ( ) 6 10

New England ..................................................... 40 4 1 13 7 5 – 8 9

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 37 5 3 11 3 5 3 ( ) 5 10

South ..................................................................... 43 7 2 14 9 3 1 5 10

South Atlantic .................................................... 42 6 3 13 9 3 2 7 10

East South Central ............................................ 40 7 1 12 8 4 1 – 11

West South Central ........................................... 46 9 2 16 9 2 1 4 10

Midwest ................................................................. 42 9 3 9 5 3 1 9 12

East North Central ............................................. 42 9 3 9 5 3 1 9 13

West North Central ............................................ 41 8 3 9 5 2 1 10 11

West ...................................................................... 38 7 3 11 4 5 1 5 7

Mountain ............................................................ 43 9 3 13 6 2 1 6 9

Pacific ................................................................ 36 7 3 10 4 6 1 4 6

1 The sum of the individual components may be greater than the total because some employees may have access to more than one type of nonproduction bonus. 2 Includes all other bonuses provided to employees and not published separately. 3 Less than 0.5. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 44. Standard errors for nonproduction bonuses: Access, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

All

nonproduction

bonuses

Cash

profit-sharing

bonus

Employee

recognition

bonus

End-of-year

bonus

Holiday

bonus

Payment in

lieu of

benefits

bonus

Longevity

bonus

Referral

bonus

Other

bonus1

All workers ............................................................. 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.4

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.5 0.7 0.6 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.2 1.1 0.8

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.8 0.8 0.9 1.3 0.8 0.6 0.2 1.1 1.2

Professional and related .................................... 1.7 1.0 0.6 1.2 0.6 0.7 0.3 1.4 1.1

Service ................................................................... 2.0 0.8 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.9 0.7

Protective service .............................................. 4.9 0.8 2.5 – – 0.9 – 2.5 0.9

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.1 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.5

Sales and related ............................................... 1.6 0.8 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.5 0.6 0.4 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.8 0.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.8 0.9 0.3 1.2 1.4 0.6 0.3 0.7 0.7

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.0 1.6 0.3 1.9 2.1 0.6 – 0.8 1.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.9 1.0 0.5 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.6 1.4 1.2

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 2.2 0.8 0.3 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.7 1.6

Production ......................................................... 2.1 1.3 0.5 1.2 1.1 0.8 0.5 1.0 1.8

Transportation and material moving .................. 3.2 0.9 0.3 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.1 0.8 2.1

Full time ................................................................. 1.0 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 1.7 0.5 0.1 0.8 0.6 0.4 – 0.5 0.5

Union ..................................................................... 3.0 1.4 0.4 0.6 0.4 1.5 – 0.5 2.1

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.4

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.7 0.5 0.1 0.7 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.6

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.9 0.7 0.1 1.0 1.0 – – 1.1 0.8

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 0.6 0.2 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.8 0.9

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.4 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.7 0.8

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.6 0.8 0.6 1.1 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.8 0.8

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.8 1.2 1.0 1.4 0.4 0.7 0.3 1.2 1.1

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.2 1.0 0.5 0.8 1.1 0.5 0.3 0.7 1.0

Construction ...................................................... 2.5 1.5 0.7 1.6 2.1 – – 0.7 0.7

Manufacturing .................................................... 2.2 1.4 0.6 1.3 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.9 1.8

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.1 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.6 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.9

Wholesale trade ............................................. 1.9 1.1 0.7 1.7 2.4 0.8 – 1.2 1.2

Retail trade .................................................... 1.4 1.0 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4

Transportation and warehousing ................... 5.0 1.8 – 1.7 0.5 1.7 – 1.4 3.8

Utilities ........................................................... 5.7 – 2.8 4.6 – 2.8 – – 2.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 44. Standard errors for nonproduction bonuses: Access, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

All

nonproduction

bonuses

Cash

profit-sharing

bonus

Employee

recognition

bonus

End-of-year

bonus

Holiday

bonus

Payment in

lieu of

benefits

bonus

Longevity

bonus

Referral

bonus

Other

bonus1

Information ......................................................... 3.9 2.2 1.3 3.0 – 2.4 – 3.7 2.5

Financial activities ............................................. 1.6 0.8 1.0 1.4 1.0 0.5 0.4 1.0 1.0

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9

Credit intermediation and related activities 2.5 1.6 0.8 1.8 0.5 0.5 0.3 1.6 1.6

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 2.0 1.0 2.6 1.7 0.9 0.9 1.5 1.3 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 4.2 – – – – – 1.5 2.5 1.8

Professional and business services .................. 2.5 1.2 0.9 1.7 0.9 0.5 – 1.4 0.9

Professional and technical services .............. 4.6 2.4 1.5 2.8 1.2 1.1 – 1.7 2.1

Administrative and waste services ................ 2.4 – 0.5 1.7 0.9 – – 1.7 1.0

Education and health services ........................... 1.8 – 0.6 1.2 1.3 0.8 0.5 1.7 1.2

Educational services ...................................... 3.5 – – 1.2 1.4 1.1 – 1.0 0.7

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.2 – 0.1 – – 1.4 – 0.2 0.6

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.0 – 0.6 1.3 1.4 0.9 0.6 1.9 1.4

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 3.9 1.5 – 1.6 1.0 0.3 – – 0.7

Accommodation and food services ................ 4.4 1.7 – 1.8 1.3 0.3 – – 0.8

Other services ................................................... 3.3 – – 3.1 2.2 – – – 0.8

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.4 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.5

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.6 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.9 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.4 0.9 0.6 1.9 1.3 0.4 0.7 1.5 1.5

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.1 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.9 0.7

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.7 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.2 1.4 1.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.8 0.8 0.8 1.2 0.4 0.6 0.3 1.0 1.2

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.6 0.5 0.6 1.2 0.3 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.6

New England ..................................................... 5.5 0.8 0.5 3.3 1.2 0.9 – 2.3 1.5

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.1 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.4 0.7

South ..................................................................... 2.2 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.1 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.7

South Atlantic .................................................... 3.7 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.9 0.4 0.4 1.1 0.9

East South Central ............................................ 3.0 1.5 0.6 0.9 2.0 1.6 0.5 – 1.8

West South Central ........................................... 2.4 0.9 0.5 1.7 1.2 0.6 0.2 0.6 1.6

Midwest ................................................................. 0.9 1.1 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.2 1.6 0.8

East North Central ............................................. 0.9 1.4 0.6 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.3 2.1 1.1

West North Central ............................................ 2.1 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.3 0.5 0.2 2.2 1.1

West ...................................................................... 2.2 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.9

Mountain ............................................................ 3.0 1.2 0.6 2.3 1.5 0.6 0.3 1.4 1.4

Pacific ................................................................ 2.7 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.9 1.0

1 Includes all other bonuses provided to employees and not published separately. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 45. Unmarried domestic partner benefits: Access1, private industry

workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Defined benefit

retirement survivor

benefits

Healthcare benefits

Same sex Opposite

sex Same sex Oppositesex

All workers ............................................................. 9 9 43 41

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 15 15 62 59

Management, business, and financial ............... 17 18 69 64

Professional and related .................................... 14 14 58 55

Service ................................................................... 3 3 23 23

Protective service .............................................. 3 3 25 24

Sales and office ..................................................... 9 9 43 41

Sales and related ............................................... 5 5 33 30

Office and administrative support ...................... 12 11 51 49

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 8 7 38 35

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 8 8 36 35

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 8 7 40 34

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 9 8 41 38

Production ......................................................... 6 4 39 34

Transportation and material moving .................. 11 11 43 41

Full time ................................................................. 11 10 52 49

Part time ................................................................ 5 5 16 16

Union ..................................................................... 34 30 66 58

Nonunion ............................................................... 7 7 41 39

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2 2 20 20

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1 1 12 12

Second 25 percent ............................................ 7 7 42 41

Third 25 percent ................................................ 11 10 50 47

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 19 19 66 61

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 22 21 76 69

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 8 8 43 41

Construction ...................................................... 6 6 33 33

Manufacturing .................................................... 10 8 48 45

Service-providing industries .................................. 9 9 43 41

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 8 8 42 40

Wholesale trade ............................................. 2 2 48 47

Retail trade .................................................... 5 5 32 31

Transportation and warehousing ................... 18 19 59 52

Utilities ........................................................... 45 40 74 74

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 45. Unmarried domestic partner benefits: Access1, private industry

workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Defined benefit

retirement survivor

benefits

Healthcare benefits

Same sex Opposite

sex Same sex Oppositesex

Information ......................................................... 15 8 72 44

Financial activities ............................................. 27 26 63 62

Finance and insurance .................................. 34 33 73 71

Credit intermediation and related activities 38 35 75 73

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 28 28 67 65

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 5 4 32 32

Professional and business services .................. 10 11 48 45

Professional and technical services .............. 8 11 64 59

Administrative and waste services ................ 4 4 23 22

Education and health services ........................... 9 8 47 46

Educational services ...................................... 8 7 48 44

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 11 11 62 55

Health care and social assistance ................. 9 8 47 46

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 1 1 18 19

Accommodation and food services ................ 1 1 17 18

Other services ................................................... 5 5 21 23

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 4 4 30 30

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3 3 27 26

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 5 5 43 42

100 workers or more .............................................. 17 16 60 55

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 10 9 52 49

500 workers or more .......................................... 26 25 70 63

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 13 13 47 47

New England ..................................................... 9 9 48 47

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 15 14 47 46

South ..................................................................... 7 7 37 35

South Atlantic .................................................... 7 7 36 34

East South Central ............................................ 5 5 36 35

West South Central ........................................... 8 8 39 37

Midwest ................................................................. 9 8 35 31

East North Central ............................................. 9 8 35 30

West North Central ............................................ 10 9 34 33

West ...................................................................... 9 10 57 56

Mountain ............................................................ 7 8 50 49

Pacific ................................................................ 10 10 60 58

1 The percentage of workers with access to the benefit reflects both the availability of the benefit and the

employer’s policy on providing the benefit to unmarried domestic partners. For more information, see

www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/employer-sponsored-benefits-extended-to-domestic-partners.htm. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 45. Standard errors for unmarried domestic partner benefits: Access1,

private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Defined benefit

retirement survivor

benefits

Healthcare benefits

Same sex Opposite

sex Same sex Oppositesex

All workers ............................................................. 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.8

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.1 1.0 1.6 1.4

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.4

Professional and related .................................... 1.3 1.3 2.0 1.8

Service ................................................................... 0.7 0.4 1.9 2.1

Protective service .............................................. 1.1 1.2 3.8 3.8

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.6 0.6 1.0 0.9

Sales and related ............................................... 0.7 0.7 1.5 1.3

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.8 0.8 1.3 1.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 0.9 0.9 1.7 1.6

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 1.3 1.2 2.3 2.2

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.1 1.1 2.2 2.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.3

Production ......................................................... 0.8 0.8 1.8 1.5

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3

Full time ................................................................. 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.8

Part time ................................................................ 0.6 0.6 1.3 1.3

Union ..................................................................... 2.4 2.4 2.7 2.3

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.9

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.3 0.3 1.1 1.1

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 0.4 0.4 1.8 1.8

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.8 0.6 1.4 1.6

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.6 0.7 1.6 1.4

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.3

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.7 1.6 1.9 2.0

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 0.7 0.7 1.3 1.2

Construction ...................................................... 1.2 1.1 1.7 1.7

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.5 0.5 1.1 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 0.9 1.0 1.4 1.3

Wholesale trade ............................................. 0.7 0.7 2.9 3.0

Retail trade .................................................... 0.6 0.6 1.0 1.1

Transportation and warehousing ................... 4.0 3.9 4.6 3.4

Utilities ........................................................... 4.3 4.8 4.6 4.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 45. Standard errors for unmarried domestic partner benefits: Access1,

private industry workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Defined benefit

retirement survivor

benefits

Healthcare benefits

Same sex Opposite

sex Same sex Oppositesex

Information ......................................................... 3.0 2.0 4.0 3.4

Financial activities ............................................. 1.2 1.3 1.9 1.8

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.4

Credit intermediation and related activities 2.1 2.1 1.8 2.0

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.5

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 1.7 1.0 5.0 4.8

Professional and business services .................. 1.5 1.4 2.3 2.2

Professional and technical services .............. 1.8 2.3 3.3 2.5

Administrative and waste services ................ 1.1 0.8 2.0 2.0

Education and health services ........................... 1.2 1.2 2.4 2.3

Educational services ...................................... 1.4 1.3 3.4 3.4

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.5 1.5 2.4 2.4

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.4 1.3 2.7 2.6

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 0.4 0.4 2.7 2.7

Accommodation and food services ................ 0.5 0.5 2.7 2.7

Other services ................................................... 2.1 2.1 2.7 2.5

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.3 0.3 1.2 1.1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.4 0.4 1.2 1.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.9 1.0 2.6 2.6

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.8 0.8 1.6 1.7

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.5

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5

New England ..................................................... 1.7 1.7 3.5 3.8

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.6 1.7 1.4 1.4

South ..................................................................... 0.6 0.5 1.8 1.6

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.6 0.5 2.5 2.2

East South Central ............................................ 0.7 0.8 3.3 3.1

West South Central ........................................... 1.7 1.5 3.3 3.4

Midwest ................................................................. 0.7 0.7 1.7 1.5

East North Central ............................................. 0.8 0.9 2.2 2.0

West North Central ............................................ 1.3 1.3 2.7 2.6

West ...................................................................... 0.7 0.7 2.5 2.0

Mountain ............................................................ 1.1 1.0 3.1 2.8

Pacific ................................................................ 0.8 0.9 3.4 2.6

1 The percentage of workers with access to the benefit reflects both the availability of the benefit and the

employer’s policy on providing the benefit to unmarried domestic partners. For more information, see

www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/employer-sponsored-benefits-extended-to-domestic-partners.htm. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 46. Medical care benefit combinations: Access, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Medical care and retirement benefits Medical care and life insurance benefits

Medical

care and

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Retirement

benefits

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and

life

insurance

benefits

Medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

Life

insurance

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

All workers ............................................................. 60 10 8 22 55 16 2 28

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 81 7 4 7 77 12 2 10

Management, business, and financial ............... 87 8 2 3 84 11 1 4

Professional and related .................................... 78 6 6 10 72 12 2 13

Service ................................................................... 30 13 10 46 25 19 2 55

Protective service .............................................. 52 – – 25 37 – – 30

Sales and office ..................................................... 59 8 14 18 51 16 2 31

Sales and related ............................................... 47 7 24 22 38 16 3 44

Office and administrative support ...................... 68 9 7 16 62 16 2 21

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 61 14 4 21 54 22 1 24

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 56 18 5 21 47 27 1 26

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 67 11 3 20 62 – – 21

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 67 10 5 18 62 14 1 22

Production ......................................................... 71 9 3 17 69 11 2 18

Transportation and material moving .................. 63 10 7 20 56 17 1 26

Full time ................................................................. 75 11 3 11 69 17 1 13

Part time ................................................................ 18 5 24 53 10 13 3 74

Union ..................................................................... 91 5 2 2 80 15 1 4

Nonunion ............................................................... 58 10 9 23 52 16 2 30

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 28 11 16 45 23 16 2 59

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 15 11 17 57 12 14 1 73

Second 25 percent ............................................ 60 11 8 21 53 18 2 27

Third 25 percent ................................................ 75 10 4 11 67 18 1 14

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 87 6 3 4 82 11 2 5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 90 5 2 3 88 7 1 4

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 73 12 3 12 69 16 1 14

Construction ...................................................... 58 17 4 21 47 28 – –

Manufacturing .................................................... 81 8 3 8 80 9 1 9

Service-providing industries .................................. 58 9 9 24 52 15 2 31

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 59 8 17 16 51 16 3 30

Wholesale trade ............................................. 79 9 5 7 69 19 2 10

Retail trade .................................................... 45 8 27 20 37 16 4 43

Transportation and warehousing ................... 75 7 4 14 67 – – 17

Utilities ........................................................... 91 – – – 97 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Medical care benefit combinations: Access, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Medical care benefits and defined benefit

retirement

Medical care benefits and defined contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Defined

benefit

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

Defined

contribution

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

All workers ............................................................. 15 55 1 29 57 13 8 22

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 21 67 – – 80 9 4 8

Management, business, and financial ............... 24 71 – – 86 9 2 3

Professional and related .................................... 19 65 – – 76 8 5 10

Service ................................................................... 5 39 1 56 28 16 10 47

Protective service .............................................. – 61 – 32 52 – – 26

Sales and office ..................................................... 13 55 1 31 57 10 14 18

Sales and related ............................................... 8 46 2 45 46 8 24 22

Office and administrative support ...................... 16 61 1 22 65 12 7 16

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 57 – 24 54 21 4 21

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 53 – 26 46 28 5 22

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 17 61 – 22 63 14 3 20

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 18 58 1 ( ) 23 61 15 5 18

Production ......................................................... – 64 – 19 68 12 3 17

Transportation and material moving .................. 20 53 1 ( ) 26 55 19 7 20

Full time ................................................................. 18 68 1 ( ) 14 72 14 3 11

Part time ................................................................ 5 18 2 75 15 9 23 53

Union ..................................................................... 64 32 1 4 60 36 2 3

Nonunion ............................................................... 11 57 1 31 57 11 8 24

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 3 36 1 60 27 13 16 45

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1 25 1 ( ) 74 14 12 17 57

Second 25 percent ............................................ 12 59 1 28 57 14 7 22

Third 25 percent ................................................ 17 68 1 15 71 14 4 11

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 30 63 – – 83 11 2 4

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 31 64 – – 88 7 2 3

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 20 65 – – 70 15 3 13

Construction ...................................................... – 60 – 25 50 25 4 21

Manufacturing .................................................... 23 67 – – 80 9 3 8

Service-providing industries .................................. 14 54 1 32 55 12 9 24

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 14 53 2 31 54 14 17 16

Wholesale trade ............................................. – 82 – 12 78 10 5 7

Retail trade .................................................... 8 45 3 45 40 12 27 20

Transportation and warehousing ................... 30 52 – – 62 21 4 14

Utilities ........................................................... 71 28 – – 90 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Medical care benefit combinations: Access, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Medical care and retirement benefits Medical care and life insurance benefits

Medical

care and

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Retirement

benefits

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and

life

insurance

benefits

Medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

Life

insurance

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

Information ......................................................... 75 – – 12 77 – – 14

Financial activities ............................................. 82 7 4 8 80 8 1 11

Finance and insurance .................................. 90 4 3 4 87 6 1 6

Credit intermediation and related activities 93 5 1 2 92 5 1 () 3

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 86 2 4 7 83 – – 10

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 56 16 6 21 57 – – 27

Professional and business services .................. 63 10 4 23 57 17 1 ( ) 26

Professional and technical services .............. 82 7 4 7 74 15 – –

Administrative and waste services ................ 33 16 4 46 27 23 1 50

Education and health services ........................... 66 9 7 18 58 17 3 21

Educational services ...................................... 69 6 5 20 65 – – 24

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 86 4 1 9 85 – – 10

Health care and social assistance ................. 66 10 7 18 57 18 4 21

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 19 13 11 57 16 – – 68

Accommodation and food services ................ 18 12 12 58 15 – – 69

Other services ................................................... 39 13 6 42 34 – – 46

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 46 12 10 32 39 18 2 40

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 42 11 11 37 35 18 2 45

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 61 15 10 15 57 18 1 23

100 workers or more .............................................. 80 7 5 8 74 12 1 12

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 74 10 7 10 69 15 1 15

500 workers or more .......................................... 88 3 3 6 81 9 1 8

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 58 10 9 23 52 17 2 30

New England ..................................................... 62 8 10 19 57 – – 29

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 57 11 8 24 50 18 2 30

South ..................................................................... 59 10 8 23 53 16 2 29

South Atlantic .................................................... 63 8 8 22 55 15 2 28

East South Central ............................................ 55 – – 23 52 16 2 30

West South Central ........................................... 53 14 7 25 50 17 1 31

Midwest ................................................................. 63 8 8 21 58 12 2 28

East North Central ............................................. 63 8 9 20 58 12 2 27

West North Central ............................................ 62 8 7 23 58 – – 29

West ...................................................................... 62 11 7 20 56 17 1 26

Mountain ............................................................ 65 7 8 20 59 13 1 27

Pacific ................................................................ 61 13 7 20 54 19 1 26

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Medical care benefit combinations: Access, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Medical care benefits and defined benefit

retirement

Medical care benefits and defined contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Defined

benefit

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

Defined

contribution

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

Information ......................................................... 20 66 – 14 74 – – 12

Financial activities ............................................. 37 51 – – 81 7 4 8

Finance and insurance .................................. 46 47 – – 89 4 3 4

Credit intermediation and related activities 50 47 – – 92 5 1 2

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 41 48 – 11 86 3 4 7

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 9 63 – 27 56 17 6 21

Professional and business services .................. – 61 – 26 62 12 4 23

Professional and technical services .............. 15 74 – 11 80 8 4 7

Administrative and waste services ................ – 45 – 51 30 19 4 46

Education and health services ........................... – 62 – 23 63 13 6 19

Educational services ...................................... – 58 – 25 63 12 5 20

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 20 70 – – 83 7 1 9

Health care and social assistance ................. – 62 – 23 63 13 6 19

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... – 30 – 68 18 14 11 57

Accommodation and food services ................ – 29 – 69 17 13 12 58

Other services ................................................... 5 47 – 48 37 14 6 42

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 6 52 1 ( ) 42 44 14 10 32

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 5 48 1 47 40 13 10 37

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 66 – 24 58 17 10 15

100 workers or more .............................................. 26 60 1 12 75 12 5 9

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 15 69 1 15 69 14 7 10

500 workers or more .......................................... 41 49 – – 82 9 3 7

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 18 50 1 30 54 14 8 23

New England ..................................................... – 56 – 29 60 10 10 19

Middle Atlantic ................................................... – 48 – 31 52 16 8 24

South ..................................................................... 12 57 1 ( ) 31 57 12 8 23

South Atlantic .................................................... 13 57 1 29 61 9 8 22

East South Central ............................................ – 53 – 32 54 14 10 23

West South Central ........................................... 10 58 1 ( ) 32 52 15 7 25

Midwest ................................................................. 17 54 1 29 59 12 8 21

East North Central ............................................. 18 53 1 29 59 12 9 20

West North Central ............................................ – 55 – 29 59 12 7 23

West ...................................................................... – 59 – 26 58 15 7 20

Mountain ............................................................ – 59 – 26 61 11 7 21

Pacific ................................................................ 14 59 1 ( ) 26 57 16 7 20

1 Less than 0.5. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of

major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 46. Standard errors for medical care benefit combinations: Access, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Medical care and retirement benefits Medical care and life insurance benefits

Medical

care and

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Retirement

benefits

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and

life

insurance

benefits

Medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

Life

insurance

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

All workers ............................................................. 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.2 0.8

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.3 0.8 0.6 0.8 1.4 1.0 0.4 0.8

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.1 1.0 0.4 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.1 0.7

Professional and related .................................... 1.7 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.9 1.3 0.7 1.1

Service ................................................................... 1.7 1.6 1.3 2.2 1.6 1.8 0.4 2.1

Protective service .............................................. 6.3 – – 4.3 6.5 – – 5.1

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.1 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.3 0.8 0.3 1.1

Sales and related ............................................... 1.5 0.9 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.0 0.5 1.6

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.4 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.6 1.1 0.4 1.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.0 1.7 0.8 1.5 1.6 1.3 0.3 1.5

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.1 2.6 1.4 2.1 2.1 2.2 0.3 2.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 2.4 1.5 0.6 2.2 2.4 – – 1.9

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.9 0.9 0.8 1.2 1.7 0.9 0.3 1.6

Production ......................................................... 2.4 1.1 0.5 1.9 2.0 1.1 0.5 2.0

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.8 1.3 1.2 1.8 2.7 1.3 0.3 2.3

Full time ................................................................. 0.9 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.2 0.7

Part time ................................................................ 0.8 0.8 1.4 1.7 1.1 1.2 0.6 1.4

Union ..................................................................... 1.9 1.8 0.5 0.7 3.1 3.1 0.4 0.7

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.2 0.8

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.4 1.0 0.9 0.3 1.2

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.6 1.2 1.5 0.4 1.8

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.5 1.0 0.9 1.1 2.0 1.7 0.3 1.4

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.9 1.3 1.0 0.2 1.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.6 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.6

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.0 0.5 0.7

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.6 1.1 0.6 0.9 1.2 0.9 0.3 1.1

Construction ...................................................... 2.2 1.8 1.1 1.7 2.2 1.9 – –

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.9 1.1 0.5 1.2 1.5 0.9 0.4 1.4

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.8 1.1 0.8 0.2 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.3 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.6 0.9 0.3 1.1

Wholesale trade ............................................. 2.2 1.7 1.1 1.1 2.4 2.0 0.7 1.5

Retail trade .................................................... 1.5 0.7 1.7 1.3 1.6 1.1 0.6 1.6

Transportation and warehousing ................... 3.7 2.1 1.7 2.1 4.0 – – 2.6

Utilities ........................................................... 4.8 – – – 1.3 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Standard errors for medical care benefit combinations: Access, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Medical care benefits and defined benefit

retirement

Medical care benefits and defined contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Defined

benefit

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

Defined

contribution

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

All workers ............................................................. 0.4 0.8 0.2 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.4 0.7

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.9 1.4 – – 1.3 0.8 0.5 0.8

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.3 1.4 – – 1.1 1.0 0.4 0.8

Professional and related .................................... 1.1 1.9 – – 1.7 1.1 0.7 1.1

Service ................................................................... 0.7 2.0 0.3 2.0 1.7 1.8 1.2 2.2

Protective service .............................................. – 5.7 – 4.8 6.4 – – 4.3

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.7 1.1 0.3 1.1 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.9

Sales and related ............................................... 0.7 1.6 0.3 1.7 1.5 0.9 1.4 1.5

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.9 1.3 0.3 1.0 1.4 0.9 0.8 1.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 1.9 – 1.6 2.1 1.9 0.8 1.5

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. – 2.8 – 2.3 3.0 2.9 1.4 2.1

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 1.5 1.9 – 2.0 2.5 1.6 0.6 2.2

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.0 1.7 0.1 1.6 2.1 1.1 0.8 1.2

Production ......................................................... – 1.9 – 2.1 2.5 1.1 0.5 1.9

Transportation and material moving .................. 1.9 2.3 0.2 2.4 2.6 1.9 1.2 1.8

Full time ................................................................. 0.5 0.8 0.2 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.6

Part time ................................................................ 0.6 1.0 0.2 1.2 0.7 1.1 1.4 1.7

Union ..................................................................... 1.8 2.0 0.3 0.7 3.2 3.1 0.4 0.7

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.4 0.8 0.2 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.4 0.7

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.3 1.1 0.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.4

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 0.2 1.7 0.2 1.8 1.4 1.7 1.8 2.6

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.9 1.5 0.4 1.4 1.7 1.3 0.8 1.2

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.8 1.2 0.2 1.0 1.3 1.0 0.6 0.8

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.3 1.3 – – 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.6

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.7 1.7 – – 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.7

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.1 1.5 – – 1.6 1.2 0.6 0.9

Construction ...................................................... – 2.3 – 2.1 2.3 2.1 1.1 1.7

Manufacturing .................................................... 1.3 2.0 – – 2.0 1.0 0.5 1.2

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.5 0.9 0.2 0.8 1.1 0.8 0.5 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 0.9 1.3 0.3 1.3 1.4 1.0 1.0 1.1

Wholesale trade ............................................. – 1.4 – 1.3 2.3 1.9 1.1 1.1

Retail trade .................................................... 0.5 1.7 0.5 1.9 1.5 0.8 1.7 1.4

Transportation and warehousing ................... 2.9 3.4 – – 4.3 3.3 1.7 2.2

Utilities ........................................................... 4.2 4.1 – – 4.8 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Standard errors for medical care benefit combinations: Access, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Medical care and retirement benefits Medical care and life insurance benefits

Medical

care and

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Retirement

benefits

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and

life

insurance

benefits

Medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

Life

insurance

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

Information ......................................................... 3.5 – – 3.2 3.8 – – 3.0

Financial activities ............................................. 2.0 1.2 0.6 1.5 1.8 1.2 0.2 1.8

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.3 0.6

Credit intermediation and related activities 1.4 1.4 0.2 0.5 1.5 1.8 0.1 0.6

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 1.7 0.5 1.0 1.4 2.0 – – 1.6

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 5.3 4.4 2.4 4.8 5.3 – – 5.9

Professional and business services .................. 2.7 1.3 0.8 1.8 2.3 1.4 0.2 2.2

Professional and technical services .............. 2.8 1.8 0.7 1.5 2.4 2.4 – –

Administrative and waste services ................ 3.0 1.8 1.4 2.7 2.6 1.8 0.3 3.1

Education and health services ........................... 2.7 1.6 1.2 2.1 2.7 1.9 0.9 2.3

Educational services ...................................... 3.6 1.1 1.9 3.2 3.7 – – 3.6

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.2 1.3 0.3 1.9 2.4 – – 1.9

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.0 1.8 1.3 2.3 3.0 2.2 1.0 2.5

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 1.9 2.1 1.9 2.8 2.3 – – 2.7

Accommodation and food services ................ 2.4 2.4 2.2 3.4 2.7 – – 3.1

Other services ................................................... 3.5 2.2 1.3 2.7 2.8 – – 2.9

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.1 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.3 1.1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.2 0.9 0.8 1.2 1.3 1.1 0.4 1.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.9 2.0 1.3 1.8 2.5 2.0 0.3 2.2

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.0 0.3 0.9

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.6 1.2 0.6 1.1 1.4 0.9 0.2 1.2

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.7 0.6 0.9 0.9 2.2 1.5 0.7 1.3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.9 1.1 1.1 1.4 2.5 2.1 0.6 1.5

New England ..................................................... 4.3 2.0 1.3 3.0 4.0 – – 4.3

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.0 1.3 1.5 1.7 3.0 2.7 0.7 1.4

South ..................................................................... 1.4 0.9 0.7 1.4 1.4 0.8 0.4 1.5

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.8 0.7 0.8 2.3 1.8 1.2 0.7 2.0

East South Central ............................................ 1.9 – – 1.5 3.6 1.6 1.1 3.9

West South Central ........................................... 3.2 1.8 1.3 2.0 2.6 1.1 0.4 2.7

Midwest ................................................................. 2.2 1.5 0.7 1.4 1.8 1.6 0.2 1.5

East North Central ............................................. 3.0 2.0 0.9 1.4 2.3 1.6 0.3 1.5

West North Central ............................................ 2.8 1.7 0.8 3.0 2.9 – – 3.4

West ...................................................................... 1.6 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.9 1.3 0.2 1.4

Mountain ............................................................ 3.3 2.5 1.9 1.9 4.0 2.8 0.5 2.6

Pacific ................................................................ 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 2.1 1.5 0.2 1.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Standard errors for medical care benefit combinations: Access, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Medical care benefits and defined benefit

retirement

Medical care benefits and defined contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Defined

benefit

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

Defined

contribution

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

Information ......................................................... 2.9 3.1 – 2.9 3.6 – – 3.2

Financial activities ............................................. 1.6 1.9 – – 2.0 1.2 0.6 1.5

Finance and insurance .................................. 1.9 1.8 – – 1.1 0.9 0.5 0.5

Credit intermediation and related activities 2.0 2.0 – – 1.6 1.6 0.2 0.5

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 3.4 3.3 – 1.6 1.8 0.6 1.0 1.4

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 3.0 5.3 – 6.1 5.3 4.3 2.4 4.8

Professional and business services .................. – 2.8 – 2.3 2.8 1.3 0.8 1.9

Professional and technical services .............. 2.5 3.1 – 1.8 3.0 2.2 0.7 1.5

Administrative and waste services ................ – 3.3 – 3.0 2.8 1.5 1.4 2.7

Education and health services ........................... – 2.5 – 2.0 2.8 1.9 0.9 2.1

Educational services ...................................... – 2.5 – 3.5 3.0 1.7 1.9 3.2

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.7 2.6 – – 2.2 1.8 0.3 1.9

Health care and social assistance ................. – 2.8 – 2.2 3.2 2.2 1.0 2.4

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... – 2.8 – 2.7 1.8 2.0 1.9 2.8

Accommodation and food services ................ – 3.1 – 3.1 2.3 2.4 2.2 3.4

Other services ................................................... 1.6 2.4 – 2.8 3.5 2.3 1.3 2.7

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.5 1.1 0.2 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 1.1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.5 1.2 0.2 1.1 1.2 0.9 0.8 1.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 2.2 – 2.2 2.8 2.0 1.3 1.8

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.8 1.2 0.3 0.9 1.3 0.9 0.5 0.7

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.9 1.4 0.2 1.2 1.6 1.3 0.6 1.1

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.5 2.0 – – 2.0 1.0 0.7 0.9

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.0 2.0 0.6 1.5 2.0 1.4 1.0 1.4

New England ..................................................... – 4.7 – 4.2 3.7 1.5 1.3 3.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... – 2.1 – 1.3 2.5 2.0 1.4 1.7

South ..................................................................... 0.8 1.4 0.1 1.3 1.5 1.0 0.7 1.4

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.1 1.7 0.2 1.6 1.8 0.7 0.8 2.3

East South Central ............................................ – 4.4 – 3.1 2.2 3.5 2.3 1.5

West South Central ........................................... 1.4 2.4 0.2 2.5 3.5 2.4 1.3 2.0

Midwest ................................................................. 0.9 1.5 0.3 1.3 2.3 1.8 0.7 1.4

East North Central ............................................. 0.8 1.5 0.3 1.4 3.2 2.2 0.9 1.4

West North Central ............................................ – 3.4 – 3.1 2.4 2.8 0.7 3.1

West ...................................................................... – 1.4 – 1.4 1.5 1.3 0.9 1.1

Mountain ............................................................ – 3.4 – 2.0 3.6 2.7 1.2 2.4

Pacific ................................................................ 1.0 1.3 0.1 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.1

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 47. Paid leave combinations: Access, private industry workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Personal

leave and

vacation

Personal

leave and

sick leave

Sick leave

and

vacation

Vacation

and

holidays

Personal

leave, sick

leave, or

paid family

leave1

Personal

leave, sick

leave, paid

family

leave, or

vacation1

Personal

leave,

vacation, or

holidays1

All workers ............................................................. 45 44 70 75 79 86 86

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 64 65 89 90 94 96 95

Management, business, and financial ............... 69 68 95 97 97 98 99

Professional and related .................................... 61 63 85 85 93 94 93

Service ................................................................... 23 23 48 49 61 69 66

Protective service .............................................. 30 28 66 71 83 90 83

Sales and office ..................................................... 47 46 72 76 81 88 88

Sales and related ............................................... 40 38 59 64 72 81 83

Office and administrative support ...................... 53 51 81 85 88 93 92

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 37 36 69 81 76 90 91

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 29 28 59 70 70 85 85

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 46 44 79 92 83 96 97

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 41 38 69 82 78 90 92

Production ......................................................... 42 38 70 88 78 94 95

Transportation and material moving .................. 40 38 68 75 77 87 89

Full time ................................................................. 54 53 84 89 89 95 95

Part time ................................................................ 17 16 31 33 52 59 58

Union ..................................................................... 53 51 82 86 90 96 93

Nonunion ............................................................... 44 43 70 74 78 86 85

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 23 22 42 49 55 67 68

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 12 12 27 33 35 49 56

Second 25 percent ............................................ 46 44 74 79 84 91 89

Third 25 percent ................................................ 52 52 83 88 90 96 95

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 63 63 91 92 95 97 96

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 66 66 93 94 97 98 97

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 42 39 73 87 81 94 94

Construction ...................................................... 31 29 63 74 74 88 88

Manufacturing .................................................... 49 45 78 94 85 98 98

Service-providing industries .................................. 45 45 70 73 79 85 84

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 46 44 70 76 79 86 89

Wholesale trade ............................................. 49 48 87 94 89 96 97

Retail trade .................................................... 42 39 59 65 72 81 84

Transportation and warehousing ................... 52 51 81 83 86 91 95

Utilities ........................................................... 83 80 93 99 97 99 99

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 47. Paid leave combinations: Access, private industry workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Personal

leave and

vacation

Personal

leave and

sick leave

Sick leave

and

vacation

Vacation

and

holidays

Personal

leave, sick

leave, or

paid family

leave1

Personal

leave, sick

leave, paid

family

leave, or

vacation1

Personal

leave,

vacation, or

holidays1

Information ......................................................... 78 78 89 87 93 93 94

Financial activities ............................................. 64 63 93 94 95 97 96

Finance and insurance .................................. 68 67 97 97 98 99 99

Credit intermediation and related activities 64 64 97 98 99 99 99

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 73 73 96 96 97 98 99

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 51 50 79 84 86 90 89

Professional and business services .................. 49 49 74 80 83 88 87

Professional and technical services .............. 66 65 91 92 94 95 95

Administrative and waste services ................ 20 20 50 61 65 77 75

Education and health services ........................... 54 56 78 78 86 89 90

Educational services ...................................... 37 49 56 55 87 87 79

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 46 51 72 71 91 92 90

Health care and social assistance ................. 56 56 82 81 86 90 91

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 7 7 33 33 51 60 52

Accommodation and food services ................ 6 6 32 31 50 61 52

Other services ................................................... 32 30 63 67 72 81 78

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 34 33 61 66 72 81 80

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 32 31 59 65 70 80 78

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 42 41 68 71 79 86 86

100 workers or more .............................................. 59 58 83 87 89 94 94

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 55 54 78 83 86 92 93

500 workers or more .......................................... 64 63 88 91 93 96 95

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 49 48 70 72 83 87 84

New England ..................................................... 46 46 71 72 87 90 84

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 50 49 70 72 81 86 84

South ..................................................................... 44 42 68 77 74 84 87

South Atlantic .................................................... 41 40 70 77 76 84 87

East South Central ............................................ 47 45 65 81 70 85 89

West South Central ........................................... 46 44 66 74 73 83 84

Midwest ................................................................. 47 46 68 75 74 83 85

East North Central ............................................. 49 47 69 76 75 83 86

West North Central ............................................ 45 45 68 73 73 83 84

West ...................................................................... 40 40 76 76 90 93 87

Mountain ............................................................ 53 51 74 77 78 84 89

Pacific ................................................................ 35 35 77 76 95 97 86

1 Includes workers with access to one or more of these leave benefits. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 47. Standard errors for paid leave combinations: Access, private industry workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Personal

leave and

vacation

Personal

leave and

sick leave

Sick leave

and

vacation

Vacation

and

holidays

Personal

leave, sick

leave, or

paid family

leave1

Personal

leave, sick

leave, paid

family

leave, or

vacation1

Personal

leave,

vacation, or

holidays1

All workers ............................................................. 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.8

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.3 1.2 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.5

Management, business, and financial ............... 1.4 1.4 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3

Professional and related .................................... 1.7 1.5 1.2 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.7

Service ................................................................... 1.8 1.8 2.1 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.4

Protective service .............................................. 5.9 5.9 6.6 5.2 5.7 3.5 3.3

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8

Sales and related ............................................... 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 2.1 1.7 1.7

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.2 2.1 2.1 1.7 2.2 1.3 1.1

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry ............................................................. 3.0 2.9 3.5 2.9 3.6 2.3 2.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair ................. 3.0 3.0 1.7 1.1 1.8 0.7 0.8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.7 2.0 1.8 1.4 1.5 1.1 1.0

Production ......................................................... 2.4 3.1 2.2 1.4 1.5 1.1 0.9

Transportation and material moving .................. 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.4 1.8 1.5

Full time ................................................................. 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 1.0 1.0 1.6 1.3 1.7 1.6 1.9

Union ..................................................................... 2.3 2.6 2.9 2.3 1.7 1.0 1.6

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.8

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.0 1.0 1.6 1.3 1.7 1.6 1.8

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.1 1.0 1.7 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.6

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.0 1.1

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.4 0.7

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.3 1.3 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.0 2.0 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries ................................... 1.6 2.0 1.6 1.0 1.5 0.7 0.6

Construction ...................................................... 2.2 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.1 1.6

Manufacturing .................................................... 2.2 2.9 1.9 0.9 1.2 0.4 0.6

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities ..................... 1.3 1.2 1.3 0.9 1.3 1.0 0.8

Wholesale trade ............................................. 2.6 2.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.9

Retail trade .................................................... 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.1

Transportation and warehousing ................... 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.1 3.3 2.1 1.4

Utilities ........................................................... 5.2 6.0 3.8 0.5 2.3 0.5 0.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 47. Standard errors for paid leave combinations: Access, private industry workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Personal

leave and

vacation

Personal

leave and

sick leave

Sick leave

and

vacation

Vacation

and

holidays

Personal

leave, sick

leave, or

paid family

leave1

Personal

leave, sick

leave, paid

family

leave, or

vacation1

Personal

leave,

vacation, or

holidays1

Information ......................................................... 3.9 4.0 2.6 2.7 2.1 2.0 1.9

Financial activities ............................................. 2.1 2.2 1.1 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.8

Finance and insurance .................................. 2.2 2.2 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2

Credit intermediation and related activities 2.6 2.6 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3

Insurance carriers and related activities .... 3.1 3.1 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 5.1 5.5 3.7 4.0 3.2 2.9 3.2

Professional and business services .................. 2.3 2.2 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.7 2.1

Professional and technical services .............. 3.2 3.2 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1

Administrative and waste services ................ 2.2 2.2 3.2 3.5 3.0 3.1 4.2

Education and health services ........................... 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 1.6 1.2

Educational services ...................................... 3.5 3.1 3.9 3.7 2.7 2.4 3.2

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.6 3.1 2.6 2.8 1.9 2.0 1.5

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 1.8 1.3

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 1.3 1.4 3.0 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.7

Accommodation and food services ................ 1.4 1.5 3.6 3.0 3.3 3.5 4.4

Other services ................................................... 3.1 2.6 3.4 3.1 3.1 2.6 3.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.1 1.5 1.2 1.4

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.5 1.5

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.3 1.3 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.8

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.9

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.8 1.2 1.0 2.1

New England ..................................................... 2.8 2.3 2.6 3.3 2.1 1.7 2.8

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.1 1.5 1.2 2.5

South ..................................................................... 1.3 1.3 1.9 1.4 1.8 1.3 1.4

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.5 1.8 2.9 1.9 2.7 2.1 2.3

East South Central ............................................ 2.1 2.4 1.6 2.6 1.7 1.5 0.7

West South Central ........................................... 3.1 2.8 3.6 3.0 3.6 1.6 1.6

Midwest ................................................................. 2.1 2.1 1.7 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.7

East North Central ............................................. 2.7 2.8 2.2 1.4 2.0 1.4 1.7

West North Central ............................................ 2.9 2.8 2.8 3.2 2.7 4.1 3.7

West ...................................................................... 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.3

Mountain ............................................................ 2.5 2.3 4.6 3.6 4.5 3.8 3.0

Pacific ................................................................ 1.9 2.1 1.3 1.6 0.7 0.5 1.4

1 Includes workers with access to one or more of these leave benefits. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 2. Retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 state and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

All retirement benefits2 Defined benefit Defined contribution

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 92 82 89 86 75 87 38 18 47

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 94 83 89 89 76 85 41 18 45

Professional and related .................................... 93 82 88 88 75 85 40 17 44

Teachers ........................................................ 94 84 89 92 78 85 38 15 39

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 99 89 89 99 87 88 32 9 29

Service ................................................................... 85 76 89 79 70 88 33 16 50

Protective service .............................................. 92 84 91 90 80 89 35 19 53

Sales and office ..................................................... 92 82 89 86 76 88 39 19 49

Office and administrative support ...................... 92 83 89 87 76 88 40 19 48

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 97 90 93 90 82 91 41 23 57

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 90 81 90 87 77 89 28 15 54

Full time ................................................................. 99 88 89 94 81 87 42 20 47

Part time ................................................................ 45 39 87 40 35 88 16 7 44

Union ..................................................................... 97 86 88 95 81 86 36 14 39

Nonunion ............................................................... 87 78 90 79 69 87 40 21 53

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 79 69 88 72 63 88 32 14 45

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 71 61 87 63 55 87 26 11 44

Second 25 percent ............................................ 94 84 89 88 77 87 41 20 50

Third 25 percent ................................................ 98 87 89 94 80 86 40 20 49

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 97 87 90 93 80 86 42 18 44

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 97 86 89 92 77 83 46 21 46

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 92 81 89 86 75 87 38 18 47

Education and health services ........................... 93 82 88 87 74 85 40 17 42

Educational services ...................................... 93 82 88 90 78 86 36 14 38

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 93 83 89 92 82 88 29 8 29

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 92 79 86 83 65 79 59 30 50

Health care and social assistance ................. 93 78 84 72 57 79 59 33 56

Hospitals .................................................... 93 77 83 67 51 76 61 38 63

Public administration ......................................... 92 83 91 87 78 89 38 20 53

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 88 80 91 83 76 91 30 12 39

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 84 76 90 79 71 90 27 11 42

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 91 84 92 87 81 92 33 12 37

100 workers or more .............................................. 93 82 88 87 74 85 41 20 49

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 92 83 90 89 78 88 32 14 45

500 workers or more .......................................... 93 82 88 86 73 84 45 23 50

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

All retirement benefits2 Defined benefit Defined contribution

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

State government .................................................. 96 84 88 90 74 82 52 25 47

Local government .................................................. 90 81 90 85 75 88 34 16 47

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 91 82 90 88 78 89 35 9 27

New England ..................................................... 86 74 86 79 68 86 16 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 93 85 91 91 81 89 41 9 22

South ..................................................................... 94 82 88 88 76 86 43 19 44

South Atlantic .................................................... 91 79 86 87 72 83 59 24 41

East South Central ............................................ 94 84 89 88 77 88 41 21 50

West South Central ........................................... 97 87 90 90 82 91 21 11 52

Midwest ................................................................. 90 80 89 84 71 85 41 20 50

East North Central ............................................. 89 79 89 82 69 84 49 23 47

West North Central ............................................ 93 82 88 88 75 86 27 16 58

West ...................................................................... 90 81 90 84 73 87 30 21 69

Mountain ............................................................ 88 83 94 79 70 90 34 26 77

Pacific ................................................................ 91 80 88 87 75 86 29 18 64

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Includes defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution retirement plans. Workers are considered as having access or as participating if they are in at least one of these plans. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 2. Standard errors for retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 state and local government

workers, March 2021

Characteristics

All retirement benefits2 Defined benefit Defined contribution

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.9 0.7 1.2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.8 1.1 0.8 1.4

Professional and related .................................... 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.8 1.2 0.9 1.1 0.8 1.5

Teachers ........................................................ 0.5 1.2 1.1 0.7 1.4 1.2 1.3 0.8 1.6

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 0.3 1.2 1.2 0.3 1.3 1.4 1.2 0.8 2.1

Service ................................................................... 1.8 1.7 0.8 1.4 1.5 1.0 1.7 1.2 3.6

Protective service .............................................. 1.5 1.7 1.1 1.4 1.8 1.3 2.0 1.9 5.9

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.6 1.3 2.1 1.4 2.2

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.6 1.3 2.1 1.4 2.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.2 1.4 0.9 2.0 1.9 1.1 3.4 3.1 6.5

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 2.9 3.1 1.8 2.9 3.1 2.0 3.1 2.8 6.2

Full time ................................................................. 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 1.4

Part time ................................................................ 2.2 2.0 1.6 2.0 1.9 1.4 2.0 0.9 5.4

Union ..................................................................... 0.4 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.8 1.1 0.7 1.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.0 1.2 0.9 1.2 0.9 1.6

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.7 1.6 0.9 1.5 1.4 0.8 1.8 1.0 2.0

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.6 2.5 1.4 2.1 2.1 1.4 2.8 1.3 3.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.7 1.0 0.7 1.3 1.5 1.0 1.8 1.3 2.5

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.4 1.0 0.9 0.7 1.3 1.1 1.2 0.9 1.6

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.7 1.1 0.8 0.9 1.2 0.9 1.7 1.1 1.9

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.9 1.6 1.2 1.2 2.0 1.7 2.3 1.7 2.8

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.6 1.2

Education and health services ........................... 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.8 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.8 1.4

Educational services ...................................... 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.6 1.4

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.5 0.9 0.9 0.5 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.5 1.7

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.5 1.9 1.1 1.9 2.0 1.2 2.5 1.7 2.2

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.6 3.0 2.5 3.5 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.3 3.5

Hospitals .................................................... 1.6 3.9 3.0 4.2 4.6 5.1 5.5 4.3 3.9

Public administration ......................................... 0.7 1.1 0.6 1.2 1.4 0.9 1.1 1.0 2.6

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.1 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.7 1.1 1.9 1.3 3.5

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.0 2.4 1.6 2.3 2.8 1.9 3.0 2.3 6.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.1 1.5 1.3 1.6 2.0 1.2 2.7 1.5 3.7

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7 1.1 0.8 1.3

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.8 1.0 0.8 1.2 1.4 1.0 2.1 1.2 3.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.9 1.0 0.8 1.3 0.9 1.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Standard errors for retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 state and local government

workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

All retirement benefits2 Defined benefit Defined contribution

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

State government .................................................. 0.7 1.1 0.8 1.3 1.4 0.8 2.0 1.2 1.8

Local government .................................................. 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.7 1.1 0.8 1.7

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 2.0 1.0 2.2

New England ..................................................... 2.4 2.2 2.6 2.0 2.6 2.4 4.6 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 2.2 0.6 1.3

South ..................................................................... 0.7 1.2 0.9 1.1 1.6 1.1 1.3 0.9 1.7

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.1 1.9 1.3 1.2 2.2 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.7

East South Central ............................................ 0.6 2.6 2.8 1.8 3.6 4.2 4.5 2.4 6.9

West South Central ........................................... 1.1 2.0 1.3 2.5 2.9 1.1 2.1 1.4 4.3

Midwest ................................................................. 1.7 1.7 1.0 1.0 1.7 1.6 2.3 1.8 2.9

East North Central ............................................. 2.5 2.5 1.4 1.0 2.1 2.3 3.2 2.6 3.6

West North Central ............................................ 1.1 1.7 1.0 2.2 2.8 1.4 2.8 2.0 2.8

West ...................................................................... 1.0 1.3 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.2 2.0 1.6 3.1

Mountain ............................................................ 1.5 1.7 0.9 2.4 1.8 1.9 4.7 3.6 2.9

Pacific ................................................................ 1.3 1.7 1.6 1.9 2.2 1.6 2.0 1.7 4.4

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Includes defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution retirement plans. Workers are considered as having access or as participating if they are in at least one of these plans. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 3. Retirement benefit combinations: Access, state and local

government workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Defined

benefit and

defined

contribution

Defined

benefit only

Defined

contribution

only

All workers ............................................................. 33 53 5

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 36 53 5

Professional and related .................................... 34 54 5

Teachers ........................................................ 35 56 2

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 32 67 –

Service ................................................................... 27 52 6

Protective service .............................................. 33 57 2

Sales and office ..................................................... 34 52 6

Office and administrative support ...................... 34 53 5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 34 56 7

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 25 63 3

Full time ................................................................. 36 57 5

Part time ................................................................ 11 29 5

Union ..................................................................... 34 61 2

Nonunion ............................................................... 32 47 8

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 25 47 7

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 18 45 8

Second 25 percent ............................................ 34 53 6

Third 25 percent ................................................ 36 58 4

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 38 55 4

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 42 51 4

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 33 53 5

Education and health services ........................... 34 53 5

Educational services ...................................... 33 57 3

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 28 65 1

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 50 33 9

Health care and social assistance ................. 38 34 21

Hospitals .................................................... 35 32 26

Public administration ......................................... 34 54 4

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 25 58 4

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 22 58 5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 29 58 4

100 workers or more .............................................. 35 52 6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 29 60 3

500 workers or more .......................................... 38 48 7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 3. Retirement benefit combinations: Access, state and local

government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Defined

benefit and

defined

contribution

Defined

benefit only

Defined

contribution

only

State government .................................................. 46 44 6

Local government .................................................. 28 57 5

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 31 57 4

New England ..................................................... – 70 7

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 39 52 2

South ..................................................................... 38 50 5

South Atlantic .................................................... 55 32 4

East South Central ............................................ 35 53 6

West South Central ........................................... 15 76 7

Midwest ................................................................. 35 49 6

East North Central ............................................. 42 40 7

West North Central ............................................ 21 67 6

West ...................................................................... 24 60 6

Mountain ............................................................ 24 54 10

Pacific ................................................................ 25 62 4

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions

of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 3. Standard errors for retirement benefit combinations:

Access, state and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Defined

benefit and

defined

contribution

Defined

benefit only

Defined

contribution

only

All workers ............................................................. 0.8 0.9 0.5

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.1 1.2 0.5

Professional and related .................................... 1.2 1.3 0.6

Teachers ........................................................ 1.4 1.6 0.4

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.3 1.1 –

Service ................................................................... 1.4 1.3 1.1

Protective service .............................................. 2.0 1.7 0.9

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.9 1.8 0.9

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.9 1.8 0.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 4.0 3.2 1.9

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 2.7 3.7 1.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.8 0.9 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 1.5 1.9 1.1

Union ..................................................................... 1.1 1.1 0.4

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.0 1.1 0.7

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.4 1.3 0.8

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.0 1.7 1.3

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.7 1.9 0.9

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.3 1.4 0.5

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.6 1.7 0.6

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.5 2.3 0.8

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.8 0.9 0.5

Education and health services ........................... 1.1 1.2 0.6

Educational services ...................................... 1.2 1.1 0.4

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.1 0.9 0.2

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.7 2.6 1.4

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.9 4.2 2.7

Hospitals .................................................... 3.9 5.5 3.9

Public administration ......................................... 1.2 1.2 0.9

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.9 1.8 1.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.6 3.1 1.4

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.9 2.7 1.2

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.0 1.1 0.5

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.8 2.2 0.7

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.2 1.3 0.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 3. Standard errors for retirement benefit combinations:

Access, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Defined

benefit and

defined

contribution

Defined

benefit only

Defined

contribution

only

State government .................................................. 2.1 2.1 1.0

Local government .................................................. 0.9 1.0 0.6

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.0 1.5 0.8

New England ..................................................... – 3.6 2.6

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.1 1.8 0.7

South ..................................................................... 1.1 1.6 0.7

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.8 2.6 0.8

East South Central ............................................ 3.2 4.2 1.7

West South Central ........................................... 1.3 2.8 1.6

Midwest ................................................................. 1.3 1.4 1.4

East North Central ............................................. 1.5 1.4 2.0

West North Central ............................................ 2.5 3.2 1.3

West ...................................................................... 2.2 2.1 1.0

Mountain ............................................................ 5.9 4.1 1.6

Pacific ................................................................ 1.8 2.4 1.3

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions

of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 4. Defined benefit retirement plans: Employee contribution requirement and method

of contribution, state and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers participating in defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Fixed percent of annual earnings1

Employee

contribution

Total not required

Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

All workers ............................................................. 91 79 7.2 7.2 9

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 91 80 7.4 7.5 9

Professional and related .................................... 92 81 7.5 7.5 8

Teachers ........................................................ 91 83 7.9 7.5 9

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 91 84 7.9 7.5 9

Service ................................................................... 92 80 7.3 7.0 8

Protective service .............................................. 92 77 7.5 7.0 8

Sales and office ..................................................... 88 76 6.7 7.0 12

Office and administrative support ...................... 88 76 6.7 7.0 12

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 89 78 6.9 7.0 11

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 90 76 6.5 6.5 10

Full time ................................................................. 91 79 7.2 7.2 9

Part time ................................................................ 90 78 7.3 7.0 10

Union ..................................................................... 91 71 7.5 7.3 9

Nonunion ............................................................... 91 87 7.0 7.0 9

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 92 85 6.8 7.0 8

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 94 91 6.9 7.2 6

Second 25 percent ............................................ 89 79 6.9 7.0 11

Third 25 percent ................................................ 91 78 7.1 7.0 9

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 91 75 8.0 7.7 9

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 93 72 8.3 8.0 7

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 91 79 7.2 7.2 9

Education and health services ........................... 92 82 7.5 7.5 8

Educational services ...................................... 92 83 7.5 7.5 8

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 92 83 7.5 7.5 8

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 93 83 7.5 7.5 7

Health care and social assistance ................. – 76 7.0 7.2 –

Hospitals .................................................... – 72 7.1 7.2 –

Public administration ......................................... 91 75 6.8 6.7 9

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 90 81 7.4 7.0 10

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 90 76 7.2 7.0 10

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 90 86 7.7 7.3 10

100 workers or more .............................................. 91 78 7.2 7.2 9

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 89 80 7.1 7.0 11

500 workers or more .......................................... 92 77 7.2 7.5 8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 4. Defined benefit retirement plans: Employee contribution requirement and method

of contribution, state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers participating in defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Fixed percent of annual earnings1

Employee

contribution

Total not required

Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

State government .................................................. 92 77 6.9 7.0 8

Local government .................................................. 91 80 7.3 7.2 9

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 98 54 6.9 7.5 2

New England ..................................................... – 58 7.4 7.3 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 98 53 6.8 7.5 2

South ..................................................................... 94 94 6.4 7.0 6

South Atlantic .................................................... 98 97 5.4 6.0 2

East South Central ............................................ 83 82 7.1 7.5 17

West South Central ........................................... 95 95 7.5 7.7 5

Midwest ................................................................. 87 80 7.8 6.8 13

East North Central ............................................. 82 72 8.3 8.2 18

West North Central ............................................ 96 94 7.2 6.3 4

West ...................................................................... 82 75 8.7 8.0 18

Mountain ............................................................ 83 83 9.5 8.9 17

Pacific ................................................................ 82 71 8.3 7.9 18

1 The employee contributes a fixed percentage of his or her earnings to the retirement plan. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage

data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms,

see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 4. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement plans: Employee contribution

requirement and method of contribution, state and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Fixed percent of annual earnings1

Employee

contribution

Total not required

Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

All workers ............................................................. 0.7 0.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 0.7

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.8 1.0 0.1 0.2 0.8

Professional and related .................................... 0.8 1.1 0.1 0.0 0.8

Teachers ........................................................ 0.9 1.1 0.1 0.0 0.9

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.0 1.2 0.1 0.0 1.0

Service ................................................................... 1.1 1.6 0.1 0.1 1.1

Protective service .............................................. 1.8 2.8 0.2 0.3 1.8

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.3 1.7 0.1 0.2 1.3

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.3 1.7 0.1 0.2 1.3

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 3.2 3.7 0.2 0.1 3.2

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 2.8 4.0 0.2 0.6 2.8

Full time ................................................................. 0.7 0.9 0.1 2 ( ) 0.7

Part time ................................................................ 2.4 2.8 0.2 0.1 2.4

Union ..................................................................... 0.9 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.9

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.1 1.1 0.1 0.2 1.1

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.9 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.9

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.4 2.3 0.2 0.2 1.4

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.1 1.3 0.1 0.0 1.1

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.1 1.7 0.1 0.2 1.1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.0 1.3 0.1 0.2 1.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.1 1.5 0.2 2 ( ) 1.1

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.7 0.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 0.7

Education and health services ........................... 0.9 1.1 0.1 0.2 0.9

Educational services ...................................... 0.9 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.9

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.0 1.4 0.1 0.3 1.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.1 2.2 0.1 0.0 1.1

Health care and social assistance ................. – 5.1 0.3 0.5 –

Hospitals .................................................... – 7.5 0.3 0.7 –

Public administration ......................................... 1.4 1.8 0.1 0.2 1.4

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.4 1.8 0.1 0.1 1.4

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.4 2.9 0.2 0.0 2.4

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.6 2.0 0.2 0.4 1.6

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.8 1.0 0.1 2 ( ) 0.8

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.0 1.9 0.1 0.1 1.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.0 1.4 0.1 2 ( ) 1.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 4. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement plans: Employee contribution

requirement and method of contribution, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Fixed percent of annual earnings1

Employee

contribution

Total not required

Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

State government .................................................. 0.9 1.5 0.1 0.1 0.9

Local government .................................................. 0.9 1.1 0.1 0.0 0.9

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.8 2.5 0.1 0.3 0.8

New England ..................................................... – 5.3 0.6 0.3 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.0 2.9 0.1 0.1 1.0

South ..................................................................... 0.9 0.9 0.1 0.0 0.9

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.8 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.8

East South Central ............................................ 4.3 4.2 0.1 0.4 4.3

West South Central ........................................... 1.0 1.0 0.1 0.0 1.0

Midwest ................................................................. 1.9 2.2 0.1 0.1 1.9

East North Central ............................................. 3.2 3.5 0.1 0.5 3.2

West North Central ............................................ 0.8 1.4 0.3 0.0 0.8

West ...................................................................... 2.0 2.1 0.1 0.1 2.0

Mountain ............................................................ 3.4 3.4 0.2 0.5 3.4

Pacific ................................................................ 2.4 2.6 0.1 0.0 2.4

1 The employee contributes a fixed percentage of his or her earnings to the retirement plan. 2 Less than 0.05. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage

data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 5. Defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard frozen plans, state

and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers participating in defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics Open plans1

Soft frozen2

All Hard frozen3

participants

still accruing

benefits

Some

participants

still accruing

benefits

All workers ............................................................. 45 54 4 ( ) 4 ( )

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 43 57 4 ( ) 4 ( )

Professional and related .................................... 43 57 4 ( ) 4 ( )

Teachers ........................................................ 44 56 4 ( ) 4 ( )

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 44 56 – –

Service ................................................................... 50 50 – –

Protective service .............................................. 53 47 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 47 53 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 47 53 – –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 52 47 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 48 52 – –

Full time ................................................................. 45 55 4 ( ) 4 ( )

Part time ................................................................ 50 50 – –

Union ..................................................................... 41 58 4 ( ) 4 ( )

Nonunion ............................................................... 49 50 – –

Average wage within the following categories:5

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 49 51 – –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 48 52 – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 49 51 – –

Third 25 percent ................................................ 47 53 4 ( ) 4 ( )

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 39 61 4 ( ) 4 ( )

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 33 67 – –

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 45 54 4 ( ) 4 ( )

Education and health services ........................... 43 56 4 ( ) 4 ( )

Educational services ...................................... 43 57 4 ( ) 4 ( )

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 43 57 4 ( ) 4 ( )

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 41 58 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 49 51 – –

Hospitals .................................................... 51 49 – –

Public administration ......................................... 47 52 – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 46 53 – –

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 44 55 – –

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 48 51 – –

100 workers or more .............................................. 45 55 4 ( ) 4 ( )

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 52 48 – –

500 workers or more .......................................... 41 58 4 ( ) 4 ( )

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5. Defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard frozen plans, state

and local government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers participating in defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics Open plans1

Soft frozen2

All Hard frozen3

participants

still accruing

benefits

Some

participants

still accruing

benefits

State government .................................................. 41 58 – –

Local government .................................................. 47 53 4 ( ) 4 ( )

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 32 68 1 –

New England ..................................................... 37 62 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 30 69 – –

South ..................................................................... 49 51 – –

South Atlantic .................................................... 60 40 – –

East South Central ............................................ 38 62 – –

West South Central ........................................... 40 59 – –

Midwest ................................................................. 54 46 – –

East North Central ............................................. 55 45 – –

West North Central ............................................ 52 48 – –

West ...................................................................... 43 57 – –

Mountain ............................................................ 41 58 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 44 56 – –

1 Plans open to new participants. 2 New employees are not allowed in the plan. Benefit accruals may continue for existing participants. 3 Participants in these plans stop accruing benefits on the date the plan is frozen. The benefit the employee receives is

calculated as of the day the plan was frozen. 4 Less than 0.5. 5 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did

not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 5. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard

frozen plans, state and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics Open plans1

Soft frozen2

All Hard frozen3

participants

still accruing

benefits

Some

participants

still accruing

benefits

All workers ............................................................. 0.9 0.9 0.1 4 ( )

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.3 1.3 0.1 4 ( )

Professional and related .................................... 1.5 1.5 0.1 4 ( )

Teachers ........................................................ 2.1 2.1 0.1 4 ( )

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.4 2.4 – –

Service ................................................................... 1.1 1.1 – –

Protective service .............................................. 1.8 1.7 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.7 1.7 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.7 1.7 – –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 3.0 2.9 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 3.9 3.9 – –

Full time ................................................................. 1.0 1.0 0.1 4 ( )

Part time ................................................................ 3.0 3.0 – –

Union ..................................................................... 1.2 1.2 0.1 4 ( )

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.2 1.2 – –

Average wage within the following categories:5

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.1 1.1 – –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.9 1.9 – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.6 1.6 – –

Third 25 percent ................................................ 2.0 2.0 0.1 4 ( )

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.2 1.2 0.1 4 ( )

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.5 1.5 – –

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.0 0.9 0.1 4 ( )

Education and health services ........................... 1.2 1.2 0.1 4 ( )

Educational services ...................................... 1.4 1.4 0.1 4 ( )

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.7 1.7 0.1 4 ( )

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.9 1.9 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.6 2.6 – –

Hospitals .................................................... 3.5 3.5 – –

Public administration ......................................... 1.3 1.3 – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.0 1.9 – –

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3.0 3.0 – –

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.3 2.3 – –

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.1 1.1 0.1 4 ( )

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2.0 2.0 – –

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.1 1.1 0.1 4 ( )

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard

frozen plans, state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics Open plans1

Soft frozen2

All Hard frozen3

participants

still accruing

benefits

Some

participants

still accruing

benefits

State government .................................................. 1.5 1.5 – –

Local government .................................................. 1.2 1.2 0.1 4 ( )

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.2 2.1 0.3 –

New England ..................................................... 4.7 4.2 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.5 2.4 – –

South ..................................................................... 1.3 1.3 – –

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.1 2.0 – –

East South Central ............................................ 2.7 2.8 – –

West South Central ........................................... 0.8 0.8 – –

Midwest ................................................................. 2.8 2.8 – –

East North Central ............................................. 2.9 2.9 – –

West North Central ............................................ 5.8 5.6 – –

West ...................................................................... 1.8 1.9 – –

Mountain ............................................................ 4.8 5.2 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 1.5 1.5 – –

1 Plans open to new participants. 2 New employees are not allowed in the plan. Benefit accruals may continue for existing participants. 3 Participants in these plans stop accruing benefits on the date the plan is frozen. The benefit the employee receives is

calculated as of the day the plan was frozen. 4 Less than 0.05. 5 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 6. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Selected attributes, state and

local government workers, March 2021

(All workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Time since plan closed to new workers or stopped

accruing benefits2

Less than 6

years 6 to 10 years 11 to 15years

Greater

than 15

years

All workers ............................................................. 2 54 25 20

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 2 52 25 21

Professional and related .................................... 2 52 25 21

Teachers ........................................................ 2 54 23 21

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2 56 23 19

Service ................................................................... 1 56 26 17

Protective service .............................................. – 61 25 14

Sales and office ..................................................... 2 56 22 20

Office and administrative support ...................... 2 56 22 20

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 57 23 –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... – 49 28 –

Full time ................................................................. 2 53 25 20

Part time ................................................................ 3 62 17 19

Union ..................................................................... 2 55 25 18

Nonunion ............................................................... 2 52 25 22

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1 53 25 21

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2 49 28 21

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2 58 22 18

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1 53 24 22

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2 52 27 19

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 3 58 22 18

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 2 54 25 20

Education and health services ........................... 2 51 25 22

Educational services ...................................... 2 51 25 22

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 2 52 25 22

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 3 47 25 25

Health care and social assistance ................. 3 51 29 17

Hospitals .................................................... 3 46 29 22

Public administration ......................................... 1 59 25 16

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2 61 22 15

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3 57 24 16

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 64 20 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 2 52 26 21

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1 56 27 15

500 workers or more .......................................... 2 50 25 24

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Selected attributes, state and

local government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Time since plan closed to new workers or stopped

accruing benefits2

Less than 6

years 6 to 10 years 11 to 15years

Greater

than 15

years

State government .................................................. 2 51 30 18

Local government .................................................. 2 55 23 21

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1 39 34 25

New England ..................................................... – 57 – 35

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1 35 41 23

South ..................................................................... – 50 26 –

South Atlantic .................................................... – 72 20 9

East South Central ............................................ – 67 20 –

West South Central ........................................... – – 35 42

Midwest ................................................................. 4 65 18 13

East North Central ............................................. – 75 12 –

West North Central ............................................ – 50 26 –

West ...................................................................... 2 66 18 14

Mountain ............................................................ – 59 25 –

Pacific ................................................................ 3 70 14 13

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 The length of time is calculated based on the year the plan was modified. For example, plans frozen between January

2016 and January 2021 are included in the "Less than 6 years" column. Those frozen between 2011 and 2015 are included in

the "6 to 10 years" column. Those frozen between 2006 and 2010 are included in the “11 to 15 years” column, and those

frozen on or before 2005 are included in the "Greater than 15 years" column. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data

did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 6. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Selected

attributes, state and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Time since plan closed to new workers or stopped

accruing benefits2

Less than 6

years 6 to 10 years 11 to 15years

Greater

than 15

years

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 1.1 1.0 0.8

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.3 1.2 1.2 0.9

Professional and related .................................... 0.3 1.3 1.2 0.9

Teachers ........................................................ 0.4 1.6 1.2 1.0

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 0.4 1.8 1.6 1.2

Service ................................................................... 0.3 2.4 2.3 1.3

Protective service .............................................. – 3.8 3.8 2.1

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.5 2.6 2.1 2.2

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.5 2.6 2.0 2.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 5.1 3.9 –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... – 5.3 4.5 –

Full time ................................................................. 0.3 1.1 1.0 0.8

Part time ................................................................ 0.5 4.1 2.5 2.8

Union ..................................................................... 0.3 1.3 1.3 0.9

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.4 1.8 1.4 1.3

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.4 2.4 2.1 1.5

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 0.9 2.7 3.2 2.1

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.4 1.8 1.5 1.2

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.4 1.9 1.5 1.4

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.3 1.4 1.3 1.4

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.6 1.9 2.1 2.0

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.3 1.1 1.0 0.8

Education and health services ........................... 0.4 1.3 1.1 1.1

Educational services ...................................... 0.5 1.3 1.1 1.2

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.5 1.4 1.5 1.1

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.1 4.0 1.8 3.1

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.4 5.9 5.9 2.8

Hospitals .................................................... 0.6 7.0 6.8 4.1

Public administration ......................................... 0.4 1.9 1.9 0.9

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.1 2.9 2.3 2.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.3 4.4 3.6 3.4

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 3.8 3.0 –

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.3 1.3 1.0 0.9

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.6 2.7 2.2 1.5

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.4 1.2 1.0 1.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Selected

attributes, state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Time since plan closed to new workers or stopped

accruing benefits2

Less than 6

years 6 to 10 years 11 to 15years

Greater

than 15

years

State government .................................................. 0.6 2.4 1.9 1.8

Local government .................................................. 0.4 1.2 1.2 1.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.6 1.9 1.7 1.8

New England ..................................................... – 3.9 – 2.4

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.7 2.2 1.8 2.0

South ..................................................................... – 2.1 1.7 –

South Atlantic .................................................... – 3.5 3.6 1.0

East South Central ............................................ – 2.7 2.0 –

West South Central ........................................... – – 2.1 1.5

Midwest ................................................................. 1.1 3.2 3.0 2.2

East North Central ............................................. – 2.0 2.1 –

West North Central ............................................ – 6.9 7.5 –

West ...................................................................... 0.4 1.6 2.0 1.1

Mountain ............................................................ – 2.4 2.4 –

Pacific ................................................................ 0.5 2.1 2.6 1.3

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 The length of time is calculated based on the year the plan was modified. For example, plans frozen between January

2016 and January 2021 are included in the "Less than 6 years" column. Those frozen between 2011 and 2015 are included in

the "6 to 10 years" column. Those frozen between 2006 and 2010 are included in the “11 to 15 years” column, and those

frozen on or before 2005 are included in the "Greater than 15 years" column. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 7. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Distribution of time2 since plan

closed to new workers or stopped accruing benefits, state and local government

workers, March 2021

(Includes workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans)

Characteristics 10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 8 9 10 14 22

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 8 9 10 14 23

Professional and related .................................... 8 9 10 14 24

Teachers ........................................................ 8 9 10 14 20

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 8 9 10 14 16

Service ................................................................... 8 9 10 13 16

Protective service .............................................. 8 9 10 12 20

Sales and office ..................................................... 8 9 10 14 24

Office and administrative support ...................... 8 9 10 14 22

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 8 8 10 13 22

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 8 9 10 14 –

Full time ................................................................. 8 9 10 14 22

Part time ................................................................ 8 8 10 12 30

Union ..................................................................... 8 9 10 14 31

Nonunion ............................................................... 7 9 10 14 16

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 8 9 10 14 17

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 8 9 10 14 16

Second 25 percent ............................................ 8 8 10 14 24

Third 25 percent ................................................ 8 9 10 14 24

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 8 9 10 14 25

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 8 8 10 14 31

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 8 9 10 14 22

Education and health services ........................... 8 9 10 14 20

Educational services ...................................... 8 9 10 14 20

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 8 9 10 14 20

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 8 9 11 16 25

Health care and social assistance ................. 8 8 10 14 24

Hospitals .................................................... 8 9 11 14 31

Public administration ......................................... 8 9 10 12 22

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 8 8 10 12 19

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 8 8 10 13 20

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 8 8 10 12 18

100 workers or more .............................................. 8 9 10 14 24

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 8 8 10 14 20

500 workers or more .......................................... 8 9 10 14 25

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Distribution of time2 since plan

closed to new workers or stopped accruing benefits, state and local government

workers, March 2021—continued

(Includes workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans)

Characteristics 10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

State government .................................................. 8 9 10 14 22

Local government .................................................. 8 9 10 14 22

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 9 10 11 – 31

New England ..................................................... 9 9 10 25 31

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 9 10 11 14 31

South ..................................................................... 7 9 10 14 16

South Atlantic .................................................... 8 9 10 11 12

East South Central ............................................ 7 7 8 13 16

West South Central ........................................... 8 12 14 16 16

Midwest ................................................................. 6 9 10 12 –

East North Central ............................................. 8 10 10 10 –

West North Central ............................................ 6 8 10 12 31

West ...................................................................... 8 8 9 11 16

Mountain ............................................................ 8 10 10 – 16

Pacific ................................................................ 8 8 8 11 18

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 The distribution is based on the year the plan was frozen since 1990. Estimates for 31 years may include plans frozen prior to

1990. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th

percentile or median, half of participating workers are in plans frozen the same or longer than the year shown, and half are in plans

frozen the same as or less than the year shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers are in plans frozen the

same or less than the year shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 7. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement frozen plans:1 Distribution of

time2 since plan closed to new workers or stopped accruing benefits, state and local

government workers, March 2021

Characteristics 10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.7

Professional and related .................................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.1

Teachers ........................................................ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.6

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.9

Service ................................................................... 0.0 0.4 0.0 1.4 2.5

Protective service .............................................. 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 5.5

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.0 3.1

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.5 0.4 0.0 0.0 4.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 0.0 1.0 0.0 1.8 5.5

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.0 1.1 1.4 1.0 –

Full time ................................................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.7

Part time ................................................................ 0.0 0.2 0.0 1.3 6.3

Union ..................................................................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.2

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.2 0.5 1.0 0.0 0.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.0 0.5 0.0 1.5 3.2

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.7

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.3

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 3.0

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.1

Education and health services ........................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.2

Educational services ...................................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.2

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.8

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 0.0 0.4 1.3 1.2 6.9

Health care and social assistance ................. 0.6 1.5 0.7 0.3 5.3

Hospitals .................................................... 0.0 1.0 1.4 0.8 6.9

Public administration ......................................... 0.9 0.8 0.0 0.0 1.7

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 2.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.3 0.0 0.0 1.0 3.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.0 0.8 0.0 1.3 2.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.0 1.3 0.0 1.4 3.1

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.0 0.0 0.3 1.3 0.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement frozen plans:1 Distribution of

time2 since plan closed to new workers or stopped accruing benefits, state and local

government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics 10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

State government .................................................. 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 3.7

Local government .................................................. 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 2.6

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.0 0.7 0.0 – 0.0

New England ..................................................... 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.0

South ..................................................................... 0.0 0.0 1.1 1.2 0.0

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.1 0.2 0.0 0.4 1.6

East South Central ............................................ 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0

West South Central ........................................... 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Midwest ................................................................. 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.6 –

East North Central ............................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 –

West North Central ............................................ 0.0 1.3 1.6 0.0 0.0

West ...................................................................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Mountain ............................................................ 0.0 0.0 0.0 – 0.0

Pacific ................................................................ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 The distribution is based on the year the plan was frozen since 1990. Estimates for 31 years may include plans frozen prior to

1990. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th

percentile or median, half of participating workers are in plans frozen the same or longer than the year shown, and half are in plans

frozen the same as or less than the year shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers are in plans frozen the

same or less than the year shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 8. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Plan alternatives, state and local

government workers, March 2021

(All workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives to frozen plans2

Modified

existing

defined

benefit plan

New defined

benefit plan

Enhanced

existing

defined

contribution

plan

New defined

contribution

plan

All workers ............................................................. 100 93 5 1 16

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 100 94 4 1 16

Professional and related .................................... 100 95 4 1 15

Teachers ........................................................ 100 95 5 1 15

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 100 95 5 1 16

Service ................................................................... 100 92 7 – 16

Protective service .............................................. 100 92 7 – 18

Sales and office ..................................................... 100 91 7 – 20

Office and administrative support ...................... 100 91 7 – 20

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 100 90 7 – 12

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 100 89 5 – 17

Full time ................................................................. 100 93 6 1 17

Part time ................................................................ 100 98 2 1 8

Union ..................................................................... 100 95 4 1 17

Nonunion ............................................................... 100 91 7 1 15

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 100 92 7 4 ( ) 17

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 100 93 6 – 12

Second 25 percent ............................................ 100 90 6 4 ( ) 19

Third 25 percent ................................................ 100 93 6 4 ( ) 14

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 100 95 4 1 16

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 100 95 3 1 16

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 100 93 5 1 16

Education and health services ........................... 100 95 5 1 16

Educational services ...................................... 100 96 4 1 15

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 100 95 4 1 16

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 100 96 3 – 15

Health care and social assistance ................. 100 89 – – 19

Hospitals .................................................... 100 90 – – –

Public administration ......................................... 100 90 7 – 18

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 100 92 7 1 13

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 100 92 6 1 13

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 100 92 7 – 14

100 workers or more .............................................. 100 93 5 – 17

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 100 96 1 – 19

500 workers or more .......................................... 100 92 7 – 16

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 8. Defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Plan alternatives, state and local

government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers participating in frozen defined benefit plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives to frozen plans2

Modified

existing

defined

benefit plan

New defined

benefit plan

Enhanced

existing

defined

contribution

plan

New defined

contribution

plan

State government .................................................. 100 92 5 – 19

Local government .................................................. 100 93 5 1 15

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 100 98 3 – 19

New England ..................................................... 100 94 – – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 100 98 2 – 22

South ..................................................................... 100 91 6 – 21

South Atlantic .................................................... 100 86 11 – 41

East South Central ............................................ 100 91 – – 21

West South Central ........................................... 100 96 – – 3

Midwest ................................................................. 100 92 5 2 12

East North Central ............................................. 100 92 3 3 20

West North Central ............................................ 100 92 8 – –

West ...................................................................... 100 92 7 – 9

Mountain ............................................................ 100 91 10 – 7

Pacific ................................................................ 100 93 5 – 9

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 The sum of the individual components may be greater than the total because some employers offer more than one alternative. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers

with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for

March 2021. 4 Less than 0.5.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and

related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 8. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Plan alternatives,

state and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives to frozen plans

Modified

existing

defined

benefit plan

New defined

benefit plan

Enhanced

existing

defined

contribution

plan

New defined

contribution

plan

All workers ............................................................. 0.0 0.7 0.7 0.1 1.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.0 0.7 0.7 0.1 1.2

Professional and related .................................... 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.1 1.2

Teachers ........................................................ 0.0 1.1 1.1 0.2 1.3

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 0.0 1.2 1.2 0.2 1.4

Service ................................................................... 0.0 1.5 1.4 – 1.5

Protective service .............................................. 0.0 2.4 2.3 – 2.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.0 1.3 1.3 – 2.1

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.0 1.3 1.4 – 2.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 0.0 2.3 2.0 – 1.7

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.0 3.2 1.6 – 3.9

Full time ................................................................. 0.0 0.7 0.7 0.1 1.0

Part time ................................................................ 0.0 0.9 0.9 0.2 1.5

Union ..................................................................... 0.0 0.6 0.7 0.1 1.2

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.0 1.2 1.1 0.2 1.1

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.0 1.4 1.4 0.1 1.8

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 0.0 2.5 2.4 – 2.6

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.0 1.4 1.0 0.2 1.7

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.1 1.1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.2 1.6

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.0 1.4 1.4 0.1 2.4

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.0 0.7 0.7 0.1 1.0

Education and health services ........................... 0.0 0.9 0.9 0.1 1.3

Educational services ...................................... 0.0 0.8 0.9 0.1 1.3

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.0 0.9 1.0 0.2 1.6

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 0.0 1.5 1.2 – 2.4

Health care and social assistance ................. 0.0 4.8 – – 4.7

Hospitals .................................................... 0.0 4.6 – – –

Public administration ......................................... 0.0 1.3 0.8 – 1.5

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.0 1.2 1.2 0.5 1.7

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.0 2.4 2.3 0.6 2.9

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.0 1.7 1.7 – 2.5

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.0 0.8 0.7 – 1.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.0 0.8 0.4 – 3.3

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.0 1.0 1.0 – 1.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 8. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Plan alternatives,

state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Alternatives

to frozen

plans

Alternatives to frozen plans

Modified

existing

defined

benefit plan

New defined

benefit plan

Enhanced

existing

defined

contribution

plan

New defined

contribution

plan

State government .................................................. 0.0 1.3 1.4 – 1.7

Local government .................................................. 0.0 0.8 0.7 0.2 1.2

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.0 1.0 1.1 – 2.3

New England ..................................................... 0.0 4.6 – – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.0 0.7 0.8 – 2.5

South ..................................................................... 0.0 1.7 1.5 – 1.9

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.0 3.6 2.9 – 4.5

East South Central ............................................ 0.0 4.4 – – 3.9

West South Central ........................................... 0.0 1.3 – – 1.0

Midwest ................................................................. 0.0 1.1 0.8 0.4 1.9

East North Central ............................................. 0.0 1.6 0.9 0.5 2.3

West North Central ............................................ 0.0 1.1 1.2 – –

West ...................................................................... 0.0 0.8 1.0 – 0.8

Mountain ............................................................ 0.0 2.2 1.6 – 1.0

Pacific ................................................................ 0.0 0.4 1.2 – 1.0

1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers

with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for

March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and

related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 9. Defined contribution retirement plans: Selected attributes, state and

local government workers, March 2021

(All workers participating in defined contribution plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee contribution Employee contribution

option

Required Not required Pretax Not pretax

All workers ............................................................. 70 30 88 12

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 75 25 89 11

Professional and related .................................... 74 26 89 11

Teachers ........................................................ 75 25 91 9

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 65 35 88 12

Service ................................................................... 58 42 85 15

Protective service .............................................. 54 46 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 69 31 88 12

Office and administrative support ...................... 68 32 88 12

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 71 29 88 12

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 62 38 – –

Full time ................................................................. 70 30 88 12

Part time ................................................................ 66 34 – –

Union ..................................................................... 64 36 84 16

Nonunion ............................................................... 74 26 90 10

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 66 34 87 13

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 65 35 82 18

Second 25 percent ............................................ 68 32 88 12

Third 25 percent ................................................ 68 32 87 13

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 78 22 90 10

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 79 21 89 11

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 70 30 88 12

Education and health services ........................... 74 26 88 12

Educational services ...................................... 74 26 91 9

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 69 31 91 9

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 79 21 92 8

Health care and social assistance ................. 74 26 82 18

Hospitals .................................................... 76 24 – –

Public administration ......................................... 65 35 90 10

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 62 38 – –

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 72 28 – –

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 53 47 – –

100 workers or more .............................................. 72 28 87 13

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 59 41 83 17

500 workers or more .......................................... 76 24 89 11

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 9. Defined contribution retirement plans: Selected attributes, state and

local government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers participating in defined contribution plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee contribution Employee contribution

option

Required Not required Pretax Not pretax

State government .................................................. 73 27 86 14

Local government .................................................. 69 31 89 11

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 63 37 76 24

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 56 44 – –

South ..................................................................... 81 19 90 10

South Atlantic .................................................... 77 23 92 8

East South Central ............................................ 92 8 85 15

Midwest ................................................................. 56 44 83 17

East North Central ............................................. 50 50 80 20

West North Central ............................................ 76 24 – –

West ...................................................................... 71 29 – –

Mountain ............................................................ – – 100 –

Pacific ................................................................ 65 35 – –

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or

data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 9. Standard errors for defined contribution retirement plans: Selected

attributes, state and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Employee contribution Employee contribution

option

Required Not required Pretax Not pretax

All workers ............................................................. 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.3

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.4

Professional and related .................................... 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.5

Teachers ........................................................ 2.7 2.7 1.7 1.7

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 5.3 5.3 3.0 3.0

Service ................................................................... 3.2 3.2 2.7 2.7

Protective service .............................................. 4.4 4.4 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 3.5 3.5 2.4 2.4

Office and administrative support ...................... 3.5 3.5 2.2 2.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 7.1 7.1 3.0 3.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 8.3 8.3 – –

Full time ................................................................. 1.8 1.8 1.2 1.2

Part time ................................................................ 6.4 6.4 – –

Union ..................................................................... 2.8 2.8 2.3 2.3

Nonunion ............................................................... 2.1 2.1 1.6 1.6

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2.7 2.7 2.0 2.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 2.4 2.4 1.5 1.5

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.1

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 3.4 3.4 2.3 2.3

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.8 1.8 1.3 1.3

Education and health services ........................... 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.8

Educational services ...................................... 2.3 2.3 1.7 1.7

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 3.9 3.9 2.7 2.7

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 3.4 3.4 1.6 1.6

Health care and social assistance ................. 4.9 4.9 4.1 4.1

Hospitals .................................................... 5.0 5.0 – –

Public administration ......................................... 3.1 3.1 1.8 1.8

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 4.7 4.7 – –

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 6.5 6.5 – –

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 6.0 6.0 – –

100 workers or more .............................................. 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.5

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 4.3 4.3 3.5 3.5

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.3 2.3 1.6 1.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 9. Standard errors for defined contribution retirement plans: Selected

attributes, state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Employee contribution Employee contribution

option

Required Not required Pretax Not pretax

State government .................................................. 2.8 2.8 1.6 1.6

Local government .................................................. 2.6 2.6 1.8 1.8

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 6.1 6.1 5.7 5.7

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 6.7 6.7 – –

South ..................................................................... 2.6 2.6 1.4 1.4

South Atlantic .................................................... 3.5 3.5 1.3 1.3

East South Central ............................................ 2.2 2.2 3.6 3.6

Midwest ................................................................. 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5

East North Central ............................................. 2.0 2.0 2.9 2.9

West North Central ............................................ 7.1 7.1 – –

West ...................................................................... 4.1 4.1 – –

Mountain ............................................................ – – 0.0 –

Pacific ................................................................ 5.5 5.5 – –

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 10. Healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 state and local

government workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Healthcare2 Medical care

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 89 78 88 89 67 76

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 92 80 87 92 69 75

Professional and related .................................... 91 79 87 91 68 75

Teachers ........................................................ 92 79 86 92 68 74

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 99 84 85 99 72 72

Service ................................................................... 82 72 88 82 61 75

Protective service .............................................. 90 81 90 90 67 74

Sales and office ..................................................... 89 79 88 89 70 78

Office and administrative support ...................... 90 80 89 90 70 78

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 95 84 89 94 74 78

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 84 74 88 84 63 75

Full time ................................................................. 99 87 88 99 75 76

Part time ................................................................ 25 21 85 25 17 69

Union ..................................................................... 95 84 88 95 70 74

Nonunion ............................................................... 84 73 87 84 65 78

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 73 62 85 72 55 76

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 63 53 85 63 49 78

Second 25 percent ............................................ 93 82 88 93 71 76

Third 25 percent ................................................ 97 85 87 97 75 77

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 95 84 89 95 70 73

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 94 86 91 94 71 76

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 89 78 88 89 67 76

Education and health services ........................... 90 78 87 90 68 75

Educational services ...................................... 90 78 86 90 67 74

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 90 77 85 90 66 73

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 89 80 90 89 70 78

Health care and social assistance ................. 91 81 89 91 72 79

Hospitals .................................................... 91 82 90 91 72 79

Public administration ......................................... 91 81 89 91 70 77

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 85 76 90 85 66 77

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 81 72 89 81 62 77

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 88 80 90 88 69 78

100 workers or more .............................................. 90 79 87 90 68 75

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 87 77 88 87 66 76

500 workers or more .......................................... 92 79 86 92 69 75

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Dental care Vision care Outpatient prescription drug

coverage

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 60 48 80 39 30 78 88 65 74

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 61 48 78 38 29 76 91 67 73

Professional and related .................................... 60 47 78 36 28 76 90 66 73

Teachers ........................................................ 59 45 77 35 26 74 92 66 72

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 60 46 77 37 28 75 98 69 70

Service ................................................................... 55 45 82 37 30 81 81 60 74

Protective service .............................................. 64 55 85 47 39 83 88 65 73

Sales and office ..................................................... 59 48 81 40 32 79 89 68 76

Office and administrative support ...................... 60 48 81 41 33 79 90 68 76

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 75 64 85 45 39 85 94 74 79

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 62 51 83 46 36 79 83 63 77

Full time ................................................................. 67 54 80 43 34 78 98 73 74

Part time ................................................................ 18 14 76 13 10 78 24 16 67

Union ..................................................................... 76 61 80 56 44 79 94 66 71

Nonunion ............................................................... 47 37 80 24 18 75 83 65 77

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 39 30 78 22 16 73 72 54 75

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 28 22 79 13 9 71 62 48 77

Second 25 percent ............................................ 67 54 81 42 34 81 93 70 76

Third 25 percent ................................................ 63 51 82 41 32 79 97 73 76

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 74 58 79 52 40 77 94 66 70

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 79 58 74 59 44 75 94 65 69

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 60 48 80 39 30 78 88 65 74

Education and health services ........................... 59 46 78 35 27 75 89 65 73

Educational services ...................................... 58 45 78 35 26 75 89 64 72

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 55 42 77 34 25 75 89 63 70

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 66 52 78 39 29 74 89 69 77

Health care and social assistance ................. 64 50 78 38 29 75 90 70 78

Hospitals .................................................... 65 51 78 38 30 79 90 69 77

Public administration ......................................... 63 52 84 45 37 83 90 68 76

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 60 49 81 38 33 87 84 65 77

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 58 47 81 40 35 88 80 62 77

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 63 51 81 36 31 87 87 67 78

100 workers or more .............................................. 60 48 80 39 29 75 90 66 73

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 56 46 83 35 29 82 86 66 76

500 workers or more .......................................... 62 49 78 41 30 72 91 66 72

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 state and local

government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Healthcare2 Medical care

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate

State government .................................................. 96 86 90 96 77 81

Local government .................................................. 87 75 87 87 64 74

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 88 76 86 88 64 73

New England ..................................................... 90 74 83 90 60 67

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 88 77 87 87 65 75

South ..................................................................... 93 79 85 93 72 78

South Atlantic .................................................... 90 78 86 90 69 77

East South Central ............................................ 92 82 89 92 79 85

West South Central ........................................... 96 79 83 96 74 77

Midwest ................................................................. 86 75 87 86 65 76

East North Central ............................................. 85 74 87 85 65 77

West North Central ............................................ 89 77 87 89 65 73

West ...................................................................... 87 81 93 87 64 73

Mountain ............................................................ 86 77 89 86 63 73

Pacific ................................................................ 88 83 94 88 65 74

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Dental care Vision care Outpatient prescription drug

coverage

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

State government .................................................. 66 53 81 44 36 82 96 77 81

Local government .................................................. 58 46 79 37 28 76 86 62 72

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 70 52 73 50 33 66 87 56 64

New England ..................................................... 62 51 82 17 – – 90 60 67

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 73 52 71 61 40 65 86 55 64

South ..................................................................... 41 32 79 22 15 71 92 71 78

South Atlantic .................................................... 49 39 80 28 20 72 89 69 77

East South Central ............................................ 31 24 76 13 11 86 92 78 84

West South Central ........................................... 34 25 76 17 11 63 95 73 77

Midwest ................................................................. 64 53 83 33 27 83 85 64 76

East North Central ............................................. 65 54 84 45 38 84 84 65 77

West North Central ............................................ 61 51 83 – 7 – 87 64 73

West ...................................................................... 80 67 83 63 56 88 87 64 74

Mountain ............................................................ 71 59 82 34 28 81 86 63 74

Pacific ................................................................ 85 71 84 77 69 89 88 65 74

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Healthcare is a collective term for the following benefits: medical, dental, and vision care benefits, and outpatient prescription drug coverage. If workers have access to or

participate in at least one of these benefits, they are considered as having access to or participating in healthcare. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 10. Standard errors for healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1

state and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Healthcare2 Medical care

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.6

Professional and related .................................... 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.7

Teachers ........................................................ 0.8 1.3 1.0 0.8 1.2 1.0

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 0.3 1.1 1.2 0.3 1.2 1.3

Service ................................................................... 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.5

Protective service .............................................. 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.2 2.3 2.3

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.9

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.1 1.6 1.5 1.1 2.1 2.3

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 4.8 4.6 1.8 4.7 4.4 3.2

Full time ................................................................. 0.1 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.6 0.6

Part time ................................................................ 1.7 1.4 1.9 1.7 1.4 2.9

Union ..................................................................... 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.6 1.0 0.8

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.1 0.8

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.7 1.4 0.9 1.7 1.5 1.3

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.2 1.9 1.4 2.2 1.9 1.5

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.8 1.3 0.9 0.8 1.3 1.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.5 1.1 0.9 0.5 1.0 0.9

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.2 1.3 0.8 1.2 1.8 1.4

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6

Education and health services ........................... 0.6 1.0 0.7 0.7 1.0 0.8

Educational services ...................................... 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.7 1.1 0.8

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.8 1.1 1.0 0.8 1.2 1.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.5 1.3 0.7 1.5 1.4 1.1

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.3 2.9 2.4 1.3 2.8 2.3

Hospitals .................................................... 0.9 3.0 3.0 0.9 3.2 3.2

Public administration ......................................... 0.8 1.1 1.2 0.9 1.4 1.3

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.3 1.3 0.9 1.3 1.7 1.4

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.9 2.1 1.3 1.9 2.3 2.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.3 1.8 1.5 1.3 2.0 1.8

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.7

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.4 1.9 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.1

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Standard errors for healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 state and local government

workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Dental care Vision care Outpatient prescription drug

coverage

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 1.1 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.6

Professional and related .................................... 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.9 0.7

Teachers ........................................................ 1.9 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.7 2.0 0.8 1.2 0.9

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.2 2.3 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.5 0.6 1.1 1.1

Service ................................................................... 1.8 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.6 1.6

Protective service .............................................. 3.1 2.5 1.2 2.8 2.5 1.7 1.4 2.7 2.4

Sales and office ..................................................... 2.2 1.8 1.2 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.1 0.9

Office and administrative support ...................... 2.3 1.9 1.3 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.1 1.0 0.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.5 2.5 1.7 4.4 4.1 2.3 1.0 2.0 2.2

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 5.0 4.2 2.5 5.4 4.5 4.0 4.8 4.6 2.9

Full time ................................................................. 1.3 1.1 0.8 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.3 0.7 0.6

Part time ................................................................ 1.4 1.1 3.1 1.4 1.1 3.3 1.7 1.4 3.0

Union ..................................................................... 1.2 1.4 0.9 1.4 1.3 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.8

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.1 1.1 0.8

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.3

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.1 1.7 2.9 1.5 1.2 3.8 2.3 2.0 1.5

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2.3 1.8 1.2 1.9 1.5 1.1 0.8 1.3 1.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.9 1.7 0.9 1.6 1.4 1.4 0.6 1.0 0.9

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.0 1.1 0.9

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.7 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.3 1.7 1.2 1.7 1.5

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.1 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.6

Education and health services ........................... 1.5 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 0.8 1.1 0.7

Educational services ...................................... 1.5 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.8 1.1 0.8

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.6 1.7 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.8 0.9 1.2 1.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.5 2.1 2.0 3.0 2.3 3.4 1.5 1.4 1.2

Health care and social assistance ................. 4.2 3.8 3.2 3.5 3.4 4.2 1.6 2.9 2.3

Hospitals .................................................... 5.5 4.4 3.4 5.3 4.7 4.6 1.8 3.5 3.3

Public administration ......................................... 2.3 1.9 1.0 2.0 1.8 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.3

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.6 2.5 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.3 1.7 1.5

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 4.4 3.9 2.6 3.7 3.5 2.0 2.0 2.3 2.1

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.8 2.7 2.0 2.5 2.2 2.5 1.6 2.2 1.9

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.5 1.2 0.7 1.2 1.1 1.1 0.7 0.9 0.7

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2.3 2.1 1.5 1.8 1.9 2.4 1.5 1.7 1.2

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.8 1.4 0.8 1.6 1.3 1.2 0.8 1.0 0.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Standard errors for healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1

state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Healthcare2 Medical care

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate

State government .................................................. 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.8

Local government .................................................. 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 1.0 0.8

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.3 1.7 0.9 1.4 1.7 1.2

New England ..................................................... 0.7 2.7 2.7 0.7 2.6 2.7

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.7 2.1 0.9 1.9 2.2 1.5

South ..................................................................... 0.8 1.3 0.9 0.8 1.5 1.2

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.5 2.2 1.2 1.5 2.5 1.7

East South Central ............................................ 1.3 1.5 0.9 1.3 2.4 1.7

West South Central ........................................... 1.0 2.2 1.9 1.0 2.3 2.0

Midwest ................................................................. 1.3 1.2 2.0 1.3 0.7 1.1

East North Central ............................................. 1.9 1.5 3.0 1.9 0.6 1.6

West North Central ............................................ 1.4 2.2 1.5 1.4 1.7 0.9

West ...................................................................... 1.4 1.5 0.8 1.4 2.1 1.4

Mountain ............................................................ 1.9 1.7 2.1 1.9 2.8 1.8

Pacific ................................................................ 1.9 2.0 0.7 1.9 2.8 1.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Standard errors for healthcare benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 state and local government

workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Dental care Vision care Outpatient prescription drug

coverage

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

State government .................................................. 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.7 1.5 2.1 0.8 0.9 0.8

Local government .................................................. 1.3 1.2 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.2 0.8 1.0 0.8

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.6 2.0 1.6 1.9 2.1 2.0 1.4 1.4 0.9

New England ..................................................... 3.5 5.2 4.5 4.1 – – 0.7 2.5 2.6

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.6 2.0 1.5 2.3 2.5 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.1

South ..................................................................... 2.4 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.3 2.1 1.1 1.6 1.1

South Atlantic .................................................... 3.1 2.2 2.3 2.7 1.9 2.4 1.9 2.8 1.7

East South Central ............................................ 4.6 4.0 4.0 2.6 2.5 4.6 1.3 2.2 1.6

West South Central ........................................... 4.9 3.5 3.2 2.2 2.1 5.3 1.4 2.1 1.9

Midwest ................................................................. 1.5 2.0 1.6 2.8 2.6 2.9 1.5 0.9 1.1

East North Central ............................................. 2.2 2.5 1.3 3.7 3.6 2.8 2.1 0.9 1.6

West North Central ............................................ 1.3 3.1 4.2 – 1.8 – 1.7 2.1 1.4

West ...................................................................... 1.6 1.8 1.2 1.3 1.2 0.9 1.4 2.1 1.4

Mountain ............................................................ 3.3 2.3 1.3 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.8 1.8

Pacific ................................................................ 1.8 2.4 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.0 1.9 2.8 1.9

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Healthcare is a collective term for the following benefits: medical, dental, and vision care benefits, and outpatient prescription drug coverage. If workers have access to or

participate in at least one of these benefits, they are considered as having access to or participating in healthcare. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 11. Medical care benefits: Share of premiums paid by employer and

employee, state and local government workers, March 2021

(In percent)

Characteristics

Single coverage Family coverage

Employer

share

Employee

share

Employer

share

Employee

share

All workers ............................................................. 86 14 71 29

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 85 15 70 30

Professional and related .................................... 85 15 69 31

Teachers ........................................................ 84 16 66 34

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 84 16 65 35

Service ................................................................... 87 13 72 28

Protective service .............................................. 88 12 77 23

Sales and office ..................................................... 88 12 73 27

Office and administrative support ...................... 88 12 73 27

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 89 11 77 23

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 86 14 69 31

Full time ................................................................. 86 14 71 29

Part time ................................................................ 83 17 68 32

Union ..................................................................... 86 14 76 24

Nonunion ............................................................... 86 14 67 33

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 87 13 66 34

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 87 13 60 40

Second 25 percent ............................................ 87 13 74 26

Third 25 percent ................................................ 86 14 69 31

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 85 15 75 25

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 84 16 76 24

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 86 14 71 29

Education and health services ........................... 85 15 67 33

Educational services ...................................... 85 15 66 34

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 84 16 64 36

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 85 15 72 28

Health care and social assistance ................. 87 13 74 26

Hospitals .................................................... 87 13 74 26

Public administration ......................................... 88 12 77 23

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 87 13 74 26

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 88 12 74 26

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 86 14 75 25

100 workers or more .............................................. 86 14 70 30

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 86 14 70 30

500 workers or more .......................................... 86 14 71 29

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 11. Medical care benefits: Share of premiums paid by employer and

employee, state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

(In percent)

Characteristics

Single coverage Family coverage

Employer

share

Employee

share

Employer

share

Employee

share

State government .................................................. 85 15 74 26

Local government .................................................. 86 14 70 30

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 85 15 83 17

New England ..................................................... 78 22 77 23

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 87 13 84 16

South ..................................................................... 86 14 63 37

South Atlantic .................................................... 86 14 67 33

East South Central ............................................ 88 12 63 37

West South Central ........................................... 85 15 56 44

Midwest ................................................................. 87 13 74 26

East North Central ............................................. 86 14 76 24

West North Central ............................................ 90 10 71 29

West ...................................................................... 86 14 74 26

Mountain ............................................................ 87 13 72 28

Pacific ................................................................ 86 14 76 24

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 11. Standard errors for medical care benefits: Share of premiums paid

by employer and employee, state and local government workers, March

2021

Characteristics

Single coverage Family coverage

Employer

share

Employee

share

Employer

share

Employee

share

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5

Professional and related .................................... 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Teachers ........................................................ 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6

Service ................................................................... 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

Protective service .............................................. 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.7

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 0.6 0.6 1.1 1.1

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.1 1.1 1.9 1.9

Full time ................................................................. 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Part time ................................................................ 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7

Union ..................................................................... 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 0.8 0.8 1.2 1.2

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Education and health services ........................... 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Educational services ...................................... 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

Hospitals .................................................... 1.6 1.6 2.3 2.3

Public administration ......................................... 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.9

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 0.8 0.8 1.3 1.3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.2

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 11. Standard errors for medical care benefits: Share of premiums paid

by employer and employee, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Single coverage Family coverage

Employer

share

Employee

share

Employer

share

Employee

share

State government .................................................. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

Local government .................................................. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5

New England ..................................................... 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.9

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8

South ..................................................................... 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6

East South Central ............................................ 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.0

West South Central ........................................... 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.2

Midwest ................................................................. 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7

East North Central ............................................. 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

West North Central ............................................ 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5

West ...................................................................... 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Mountain ............................................................ 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7

Pacific ................................................................ 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms"

at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 12. Medical care benefits, single coverage: Employer and employee premiums by employee

contribution requirement, state and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers with single coverage medical care benefits = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Total Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

All workers ............................................................. 100 $592.41 22 $637.56 78 $579.83 $132.14

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 100 580.85 21 637.09 79 566.04 139.49

Professional and related .................................... 100 578.62 21 631.02 79 564.49 142.58

Teachers ........................................................ 100 572.90 23 618.65 77 559.55 154.91

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 100 571.58 24 617.25 76 556.71 161.56

Service ................................................................... 100 603.00 23 628.49 77 595.17 124.64

Protective service .............................................. 100 628.24 24 633.36 76 626.59 123.77

Sales and office ..................................................... 100 605.16 24 635.35 76 595.83 120.33

Office and administrative support ...................... 100 606.45 24 637.83 76 596.66 118.57

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 100 628.17 24 658.14 76 618.76 98.55

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 100 625.70 19 681.94 81 612.81 138.05

Full time ................................................................. 100 593.36 22 638.56 78 580.93 130.73

Part time ................................................................ 100 565.17 28 615.91 72 544.84 176.60

Union ..................................................................... 100 622.74 24 659.52 76 610.90 155.01

Nonunion ............................................................... 100 564.16 19 611.88 81 552.67 112.14

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 100 562.78 24 615.59 76 545.88 116.78

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 100 542.13 26 592.04 74 524.55 119.26

Second 25 percent ............................................ 100 605.07 21 635.28 79 597.05 126.12

Third 25 percent ................................................ 100 597.09 20 636.23 80 587.39 127.63

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 100 600.98 23 659.49 77 584.03 153.89

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 100 617.38 26 662.70 74 601.25 186.13

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 100 592.81 22 636.90 78 580.60 132.46

Education and health services ........................... 100 570.80 22 624.67 78 555.94 141.56

Educational services ...................................... 100 569.12 22 623.08 78 553.80 149.18

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 100 562.36 24 619.01 76 544.29 157.85

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 100 584.12 17 638.13 83 573.34 127.98

Health care and social assistance ................. 100 579.77 19 634.61 81 566.91 102.37

Hospitals .................................................... 100 577.79 20 638.36 80 563.10 99.06

Public administration ......................................... 100 627.93 22 656.33 78 619.69 117.99

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 100 586.64 24 631.20 76 572.51 130.14

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 100 580.22 29 623.21 71 562.30 129.68

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 100 592.16 20 641.57 80 580.20 130.49

100 workers or more .............................................. 100 594.06 21 639.63 79 581.84 132.69

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 100 594.13 19 610.86 81 590.16 132.32

500 workers or more .......................................... 100 594.04 22 651.19 78 577.86 132.86

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. Medical care benefits, single coverage: Employer and employee premiums by employee

contribution requirement, state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with single coverage medical care benefits = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Total Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

State government .................................................. 100 $575.24 13 $608.39 87 $570.37 $118.81

Local government .................................................. 100 599.46 25 643.58 75 584.37 138.53

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 100 627.69 27 713.75 73 596.24 166.35

New England ..................................................... 100 571.76 2 591.17 98 571.31 176.13

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 100 644.52 34 716.20 66 607.36 161.99

South ..................................................................... 100 554.71 21 606.44 79 540.75 115.42

South Atlantic .................................................... 100 587.06 11 674.94 89 575.67 109.26

East South Central ............................................ 100 575.20 22 564.84 78 578.07 95.93

West South Central ........................................... 100 498.76 34 588.47 66 451.11 139.42

Midwest ................................................................. 100 617.20 18 617.52 82 617.13 121.66

East North Central ............................................. 100 615.17 11 590.45 89 618.35 130.38

West North Central ............................................ 100 621.00 31 636.40 69 614.19 100.74

West ...................................................................... 100 609.35 22 632.46 78 602.73 147.52

Mountain ............................................................ 100 559.04 16 623.20 84 547.18 102.88

Pacific ................................................................ 100 632.16 25 635.04 75 631.18 170.38

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above

and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 12. Standard errors for medical care benefits, single coverage: Employer and employee

premiums by employee contribution requirement, state and local government workers, March

2021

Characteristics

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

All workers ............................................................. $3.71 0.9 $6.57 0.9 $4.47 $3.34

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 4.83 1.1 5.68 1.1 5.56 4.58

Professional and related .................................... 5.22 1.2 5.81 1.2 5.90 5.24

Teachers ........................................................ 6.14 1.8 7.46 1.8 6.55 8.46

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 7.20 2.0 8.83 2.0 8.21 10.22

Service ................................................................... 7.56 2.1 13.27 2.1 8.99 5.70

Protective service .............................................. 10.11 2.9 21.34 2.9 12.48 8.46

Sales and office ..................................................... 5.15 1.7 11.94 1.7 6.54 4.93

Office and administrative support ...................... 5.17 1.7 11.89 1.7 6.78 4.75

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 12.91 3.0 34.05 3.0 17.56 5.03

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 17.09 3.2 35.14 3.2 18.56 12.30

Full time ................................................................. 3.59 0.9 6.98 0.9 4.33 3.37

Part time ................................................................ 14.77 3.0 15.28 3.0 18.43 15.63

Union ..................................................................... 3.76 1.3 7.56 1.3 4.19 4.87

Nonunion ............................................................... 6.34 1.3 11.64 1.3 7.70 3.67

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 5.68 1.5 13.34 1.5 7.67 4.25

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 8.58 2.8 13.48 2.8 11.24 6.02

Second 25 percent ............................................ 6.17 1.6 13.94 1.6 7.20 5.67

Third 25 percent ................................................ 5.93 1.6 7.73 1.6 7.53 5.15

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 4.50 1.2 7.68 1.2 5.44 6.59

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 4.81 1.3 11.25 1.3 6.12 12.51

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 3.77 0.9 6.34 0.9 4.53 3.36

Education and health services ........................... 4.88 1.1 5.69 1.1 5.76 5.00

Educational services ...................................... 4.52 1.2 5.36 1.2 5.16 5.94

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 5.93 1.6 7.56 1.6 6.86 7.13

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 7.09 1.5 9.74 1.5 8.77 6.88

Health care and social assistance ................. 19.16 2.8 20.74 2.8 23.45 6.10

Hospitals .................................................... 30.65 2.9 19.65 2.9 36.26 8.03

Public administration ......................................... 6.44 1.7 13.75 1.7 6.90 2.98

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 10.56 2.2 17.83 2.2 12.65 6.10

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 14.88 3.5 22.97 3.5 18.88 10.18

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 14.62 2.7 27.35 2.7 16.73 6.63

100 workers or more .............................................. 4.43 1.1 7.32 1.1 5.61 3.38

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 9.32 2.2 18.66 2.2 11.19 7.14

500 workers or more .......................................... 4.64 1.0 5.49 1.0 5.75 2.89

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. Standard errors for medical care benefits, single coverage: Employer and employee

premiums by employee contribution requirement, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

State government .................................................. $6.23 1.0 $7.77 1.0 $6.72 $3.64

Local government .................................................. 5.04 1.2 7.88 1.2 6.14 4.21

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 6.83 1.4 8.68 1.4 8.22 8.94

New England ..................................................... 12.58 1.0 22.72 1.0 12.91 12.76

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 7.28 2.1 8.92 2.1 8.62 12.30

South ..................................................................... 7.44 1.4 12.27 1.4 9.44 5.35

South Atlantic .................................................... 12.65 1.8 32.07 1.8 14.67 8.05

East South Central ............................................ 14.28 1.6 16.08 1.6 20.91 9.78

West South Central ........................................... 9.58 3.1 7.23 3.1 12.22 8.73

Midwest ................................................................. 6.51 2.3 18.76 2.3 5.72 4.74

East North Central ............................................. 4.94 0.8 12.39 0.8 5.64 6.00

West North Central ............................................ 16.21 6.9 30.23 6.9 13.94 9.12

West ...................................................................... 5.99 2.2 14.61 2.2 6.17 7.63

Mountain ............................................................ 13.72 3.7 24.47 3.7 11.64 15.07

Pacific ................................................................ 6.91 2.7 17.63 2.7 7.41 10.45

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with

earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related

terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 13. Medical care benefits, single coverage: Employee participation by

type of employee contribution, state and local government workers, March

2021

(All workers with contributory coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Single coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies1

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other2

All workers ............................................................. 63 26 6 5

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 63 27 6 4

Professional and related .................................... 63 27 7 4

Teachers ........................................................ 65 26 7 2

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 68 22 8 2

Service ................................................................... 65 25 3 6

Protective service .............................................. 65 23 2 10

Sales and office ..................................................... 60 29 5 6

Office and administrative support ...................... 60 29 5 6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 70 20 5 5

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 64 17 – –

Full time ................................................................. 63 26 5 5

Part time ................................................................ 64 24 – –

Union ..................................................................... 67 17 8 9

Nonunion ............................................................... 60 34 4 2

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 61 31 5 3

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 63 32 5 1

Second 25 percent ............................................ 64 26 5 5

Third 25 percent ................................................ 62 27 6 5

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 65 23 7 6

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 64 23 5 8

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 63 27 6 5

Education and health services ........................... 63 29 5 2

Educational services ...................................... 65 28 6 2

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 70 21 7 2

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 51 46 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 56 36 – –

Hospitals .................................................... 54 37 – –

Public administration ......................................... 61 25 4 10

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 62 22 9 7

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 69 17 6 8

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 56 27 – –

100 workers or more .............................................. 63 28 5 4

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 67 25 6 3

500 workers or more .......................................... 62 29 4 5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 13. Medical care benefits, single coverage: Employee participation by

type of employee contribution, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers with contributory coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Single coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies1

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other2

State government .................................................. 48 43 2 7

Local government .................................................. 70 19 7 4

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 67 18 6 8

New England ..................................................... 81 9 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 60 22 5 12

South ..................................................................... 58 37 4 1

South Atlantic .................................................... 49 45 – –

East South Central ............................................ 48 52 – –

West South Central ........................................... 82 13 – –

Midwest ................................................................. 72 20 6 2

East North Central ............................................. 74 20 – –

West North Central ............................................ 69 21 – –

West ...................................................................... 60 19 8 13

Mountain ............................................................ 76 20 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 53 19 10 19

1 Based on worker attributes. For example, employee contributions may vary based on earnings, length of service,

or age. 2 Includes contribution types not separately published such as composite rates, flexible benefits, and percent of

earnings. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category

or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 13. Standard errors for medical care benefits, single coverage:

Employee participation by type of employee contribution, state and local

government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Single coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies1

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other2

All workers ............................................................. 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.4

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.7 1.6 0.8 0.6

Professional and related .................................... 1.8 1.8 0.9 0.6

Teachers ........................................................ 2.6 2.4 1.1 0.4

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.6 2.2 1.3 0.4

Service ................................................................... 2.6 1.9 0.9 1.3

Protective service .............................................. 4.1 2.9 1.1 2.8

Sales and office ..................................................... 2.4 2.1 1.3 0.9

Office and administrative support ...................... 2.5 2.2 1.4 0.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 4.1 3.5 1.2 2.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 5.1 4.0 – –

Full time ................................................................. 1.3 1.1 0.7 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 4.4 4.2 – –

Union ..................................................................... 1.3 1.3 1.1 0.7

Nonunion ............................................................... 2.1 1.9 0.7 0.4

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.6 1.5 1.1 0.6

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.9 3.0 1.4 0.3

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2.1 1.5 1.1 0.8

Third 25 percent ................................................ 2.4 1.9 0.9 0.9

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.8 1.6 1.1 0.8

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.9 2.3 1.7 1.3

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.3 1.1 0.7 0.4

Education and health services ........................... 1.6 1.6 0.7 0.4

Educational services ...................................... 1.7 1.7 0.8 0.3

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.8 1.6 1.1 0.4

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 3.1 3.3 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 4.5 5.1 – –

Hospitals .................................................... 5.3 6.4 – –

Public administration ......................................... 2.3 1.4 1.4 1.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 3.2 2.3 2.0 1.5

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 5.1 4.7 1.8 2.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 4.1 3.0 – –

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.3 1.1 0.7 0.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 3.5 2.6 1.5 1.3

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.4 1.3 0.7 0.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 13. Standard errors for medical care benefits, single coverage:

Employee participation by type of employee contribution, state and local

government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Single coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies1

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other2

State government .................................................. 2.3 2.2 1.0 0.9

Local government .................................................. 1.5 1.2 0.8 0.6

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.6 1.8 1.7 1.0

New England ..................................................... 4.6 2.5 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.6 1.7 2.1 1.4

South ..................................................................... 2.3 2.1 1.0 0.4

South Atlantic .................................................... 3.7 3.7 – –

East South Central ............................................ 2.3 2.3 – –

West South Central ........................................... 2.9 2.2 – –

Midwest ................................................................. 1.8 1.8 1.7 0.5

East North Central ............................................. 1.9 1.7 – –

West North Central ............................................ 4.3 4.7 – –

West ...................................................................... 2.6 2.0 1.4 1.7

Mountain ............................................................ 4.9 3.7 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 3.0 2.4 2.0 2.6

1 Based on worker attributes. For example, employee contributions may vary based on earnings, length of service,

or age. 2 Includes contribution types not separately published such as composite rates, flexible benefits, and percent of

earnings. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 14. Medical care benefits, family coverage: Employer and employee premiums by employee

contribution requirement, state and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers with family coverage medical care benefits = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Total Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

All workers ............................................................. 100 $1,275.67 7 $1,774.12 93 $1,236.83 $544.63

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 100 1,234.74 7 1,777.49 93 1,191.28 567.52

Professional and related .................................... 100 1,221.37 7 1,752.62 93 1,179.86 582.18

Teachers ........................................................ 100 1,146.36 7 1,774.54 93 1,097.74 627.79

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 100 1,115.68 8 1,770.01 92 1,055.53 662.79

Service ................................................................... 100 1,300.65 7 1,754.88 93 1,265.71 523.24

Protective service .............................................. 100 1,434.44 9 1,780.36 91 1,400.35 451.85

Sales and office ..................................................... 100 1,339.59 7 1,728.93 93 1,309.53 501.52

Office and administrative support ...................... 100 1,342.91 7 1,730.14 93 1,312.44 497.17

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 100 1,435.27 6 1,638.57 94 1,423.13 439.74

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 100 1,343.89 7 2,133.47 93 1,284.60 595.14

Full time ................................................................. 100 1,278.08 7 1,783.16 93 1,239.24 541.63

Part time ................................................................ 100 1,206.32 10 1,583.77 90 1,165.52 633.35

Union ..................................................................... 100 1,443.30 12 1,790.11 88 1,395.38 548.13

Nonunion ............................................................... 100 1,119.96 3 1,706.53 97 1,103.88 541.69

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 100 1,109.26 4 1,771.65 96 1,081.04 571.25

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 100 968.87 – – – – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 100 1,351.22 7 1,724.00 93 1,323.09 498.13

Third 25 percent ................................................ 100 1,239.01 6 1,761.85 94 1,203.96 563.66

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 100 1,382.41 11 1,808.82 89 1,330.46 542.02

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 100 1,432.56 17 1,794.44 83 1,360.87 597.92

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 100 1,275.36 7 1,770.95 93 1,236.89 545.66

Education and health services ........................... 100 1,179.96 7 1,752.45 93 1,135.24 600.59

Educational services ...................................... 100 1,149.67 7 1,760.05 93 1,100.77 622.25

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 100 1,097.04 9 1,776.75 91 1,030.91 675.94

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 100 1,286.98 4 1,647.72 96 1,273.64 486.64

Health care and social assistance ................. 100 1,340.89 6 1,705.28 94 1,316.20 486.90

Hospitals .................................................... 100 1,378.93 7 1,734.78 93 1,350.67 481.98

Public administration ......................................... 100 1,412.62 7 1,807.01 93 1,381.02 453.78

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 100 1,272.17 8 1,746.10 92 1,233.41 476.13

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 100 1,270.78 9 1,734.45 91 1,228.06 503.40

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 100 1,273.37 7 1,758.61 93 1,237.96 452.93

100 workers or more .............................................. 100 1,276.67 7 1,782.59 93 1,237.80 564.07

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 100 1,242.41 2 1,511.31 98 1,236.42 552.50

500 workers or more .......................................... 100 1,292.53 9 1,811.60 91 1,238.50 569.85

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 14. Medical care benefits, family coverage: Employer and employee premiums by employee

contribution requirement, state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with family coverage medical care benefits = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Total Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

State government .................................................. 100 $1,289.84 1 $1,205.90 99 $1,290.75 $440.75

Local government .................................................. 100 1,269.89 10 1,799.79 90 1,212.73 591.07

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 100 1,570.92 24 1,881.06 76 1,471.24 465.23

New England ..................................................... 100 1,449.75 – – – – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 100 1,607.36 31 1,885.37 69 1,480.36 473.12

South ..................................................................... 100 1,012.19 1 1,489.67 99 1,007.19 589.31

South Atlantic .................................................... 100 1,125.76 1 1,582.48 99 1,119.83 543.01

East South Central ............................................ 100 982.12 – – – – –

West South Central ........................................... 100 869.32 – – – – –

Midwest ................................................................. 100 1,392.75 5 1,547.20 95 1,384.31 505.75

East North Central ............................................. 100 1,442.72 4 1,501.50 96 1,440.53 474.27

West North Central ............................................ 100 1,301.66 – – – – –

West ...................................................................... 100 1,408.90 7 1,696.53 93 1,389.02 547.53

Mountain ............................................................ 100 1,212.87 4 1,582.42 96 1,198.47 506.57

Pacific ................................................................ 100 1,497.98 8 1,721.80 92 1,479.31 566.94

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above

and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 14. Standard errors for medical care benefits, family coverage: Employer and employee

premiums by employee contribution requirement, state and local government workers, March

2021

Characteristics

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

All workers ............................................................. $10.53 0.4 $35.07 0.4 $10.98 $8.14

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 15.48 0.5 42.02 0.5 15.80 11.37

Professional and related .................................... 16.58 0.6 37.08 0.6 16.96 12.87

Teachers ........................................................ 16.41 0.7 37.27 0.7 16.92 18.64

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 18.03 0.9 39.59 0.9 18.21 23.62

Service ................................................................... 18.07 0.8 34.07 0.8 19.73 15.40

Protective service .............................................. 24.82 1.3 40.34 1.3 28.56 18.63

Sales and office ..................................................... 22.94 0.7 43.31 0.7 23.70 13.03

Office and administrative support ...................... 23.09 0.7 43.30 0.7 23.86 12.62

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 36.54 1.2 114.76 1.2 37.98 31.68

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 53.00 2.4 310.58 2.4 46.74 33.55

Full time ................................................................. 10.50 0.4 35.36 0.4 10.91 8.55

Part time ................................................................ 41.51 1.9 85.51 1.9 46.12 35.29

Union ..................................................................... 10.77 0.7 21.69 0.7 12.22 12.72

Nonunion ............................................................... 16.79 0.5 148.11 0.5 16.17 9.58

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 13.31 0.7 138.43 0.7 13.22 13.53

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 19.51 – – – – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 23.87 0.6 74.09 0.6 24.34 13.05

Third 25 percent ................................................ 18.53 0.8 41.35 0.8 20.50 12.54

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 16.76 0.8 24.54 0.8 18.75 16.14

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 22.91 1.2 31.11 1.2 26.15 30.50

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 10.56 0.4 34.53 0.4 11.09 7.99

Education and health services ........................... 14.42 0.5 38.87 0.5 15.63 12.13

Educational services ...................................... 13.12 0.6 39.71 0.6 14.28 13.81

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 13.58 0.8 40.54 0.8 14.30 17.42

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 23.10 1.0 128.74 1.0 24.51 12.24

Health care and social assistance ................. 57.19 1.3 121.82 1.3 61.06 26.88

Hospitals .................................................... 105.63 1.3 79.61 1.3 113.19 27.63

Public administration ......................................... 19.64 0.6 74.11 0.6 20.24 8.15

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 24.17 1.3 126.05 1.3 24.42 20.38

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 31.43 2.0 190.77 2.0 32.45 30.63

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 31.86 1.3 148.15 1.3 32.99 25.48

100 workers or more .............................................. 13.01 0.5 24.39 0.5 13.63 9.22

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 20.11 0.5 68.79 0.5 20.01 19.31

500 workers or more .......................................... 16.32 0.6 26.19 0.6 17.72 9.11

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 14. Standard errors for medical care benefits, family coverage: Employer and employee

premiums by employee contribution requirement, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Employee contribution not

required Employee contribution required

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Percent of

participating

employees

Average

flat monthly

employer

premium

Average

flat monthly

employee

contribution

State government .................................................. $15.48 0.3 $133.45 0.3 $15.11 $7.37

Local government .................................................. 12.59 0.5 32.79 0.5 13.18 11.36

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 17.77 1.3 24.10 1.3 21.35 23.80

New England ..................................................... 31.76 – – – – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 19.60 2.0 23.86 2.0 25.15 33.60

South ..................................................................... 17.67 0.3 100.42 0.3 17.90 11.51

South Atlantic .................................................... 28.52 0.1 74.08 0.1 28.63 14.27

East South Central ............................................ 43.11 – – – – –

West South Central ........................................... 26.35 – – – – –

Midwest ................................................................. 19.88 1.3 150.34 1.3 19.02 13.90

East North Central ............................................. 22.70 0.8 124.10 0.8 24.17 16.10

West North Central ............................................ 39.03 – – – – –

West ...................................................................... 15.15 1.0 95.03 1.0 15.85 22.00

Mountain ............................................................ 36.08 1.4 29.10 1.4 40.15 36.07

Pacific ................................................................ 18.07 1.3 117.42 1.3 17.12 27.93

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with

earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related

terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 15. Medical care benefits, family coverage: Employee participation by

type of employee contribution, state and local government workers, March

2021

(All workers with contributory coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Family coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies1

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other2

All workers ............................................................. 65 25 6 4

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 64 26 6 3

Professional and related .................................... 64 26 7 3

Teachers ........................................................ 67 24 7 1

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 70 21 8 1

Service ................................................................... 67 24 3 5

Protective service .............................................. 67 22 3 8

Sales and office ..................................................... 62 26 5 6

Office and administrative support ...................... 62 26 5 6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 73 17 6 4

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 67 17 11 6

Full time ................................................................. 65 25 6 4

Part time ................................................................ 66 23 – –

Union ..................................................................... 68 17 8 7

Nonunion ............................................................... 63 32 4 1

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 64 29 5 2

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 67 28 – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 66 25 5 5

Third 25 percent ................................................ 66 24 6 4

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 65 23 7 5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 64 23 6 7

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 65 25 6 4

Education and health services ........................... 65 28 5 2

Educational services ...................................... 67 26 6 1

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 71 21 7 1

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 55 42 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 59 34 – –

Hospitals .................................................... 57 35 – –

Public administration ......................................... 62 25 4 9

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 63 21 10 6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 68 17 7 7

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 58 24 12 6

100 workers or more .............................................. 65 26 5 4

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 68 23 5 3

500 workers or more .......................................... 64 28 4 4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 15. Medical care benefits, family coverage: Employee participation by

type of employee contribution, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers with contributory coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Family coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies1

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other2

State government .................................................. 49 42 2 7

Local government .................................................. 72 17 7 3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 67 18 6 8

New England ..................................................... 81 9 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 61 22 5 12

South ..................................................................... 62 35 – –

South Atlantic .................................................... 53 42 5 –

East South Central ............................................ 57 43 – –

West South Central ........................................... 76 21 – –

Midwest ................................................................. 75 17 6 2

East North Central ............................................. 77 17 4 2

West North Central ............................................ 72 16 – –

West ...................................................................... 59 19 10 12

Mountain ............................................................ 79 17 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 51 20 13 17

1 Based on worker attributes. For example, employee contributions may vary based on earnings, length of service,

or age. 2 Includes contribution types not separately published such as composite rates, flexible benefits, and percent of

earnings. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category

or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 15. Standard errors for medical care benefits, family coverage:

Employee participation by type of employee contribution, state and local

government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Family coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies1

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other2

All workers ............................................................. 1.1 1.0 0.6 0.4

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.5 1.4 0.8 0.5

Professional and related .................................... 1.7 1.6 0.9 0.5

Teachers ........................................................ 2.4 2.1 1.1 0.3

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.3 2.0 1.2 0.3

Service ................................................................... 2.0 1.7 0.7 1.0

Protective service .............................................. 3.0 2.6 1.2 2.3

Sales and office ..................................................... 2.3 1.9 1.2 0.8

Office and administrative support ...................... 2.3 1.9 1.1 0.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 3.7 3.0 1.4 1.6

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 4.9 3.9 2.6 3.0

Full time ................................................................. 1.1 1.0 0.6 0.4

Part time ................................................................ 3.8 3.4 – –

Union ..................................................................... 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.6

Nonunion ............................................................... 2.0 1.7 0.8 0.4

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.5 1.4 0.8 0.5

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.5 2.7 – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2.0 1.5 1.1 0.7

Third 25 percent ................................................ 2.1 1.7 0.8 0.8

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.5 1.5 1.2 0.7

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.5 2.2 1.9 1.2

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.4

Education and health services ........................... 1.5 1.4 0.8 0.4

Educational services ...................................... 1.5 1.5 0.8 0.2

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.7 1.4 1.0 0.3

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.8 3.1 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 4.6 5.0 – –

Hospitals .................................................... 4.8 5.9 – –

Public administration ......................................... 2.3 1.5 1.4 0.9

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 3.1 2.2 1.9 1.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 4.5 4.0 2.0 1.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 4.1 2.7 3.1 1.9

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.1 1.0 0.6 0.5

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2.7 2.3 1.2 1.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.3 1.3 0.6 0.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 15. Standard errors for medical care benefits, family coverage:

Employee participation by type of employee contribution, state and local

government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Family coverage

Flat dollar

amount Varies1

Exists, but

amount

unknown

Other2

State government .................................................. 2.2 2.1 0.9 0.9

Local government .................................................. 1.4 1.0 0.8 0.5

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.7 2.0 1.6 1.0

New England ..................................................... 4.7 2.4 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.9 2.1 1.8 1.3

South ..................................................................... 2.0 1.8 – –

South Atlantic .................................................... 3.8 3.5 1.6 –

East South Central ............................................ 1.3 1.3 – –

West South Central ........................................... 3.0 2.2 – –

Midwest ................................................................. 1.4 1.7 1.8 0.5

East North Central ............................................. 1.7 1.6 0.6 0.7

West North Central ............................................ 2.4 3.9 – –

West ...................................................................... 2.5 1.7 1.2 1.5

Mountain ............................................................ 4.9 3.8 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 2.9 1.7 1.6 2.4

1 Based on worker attributes. For example, employee contributions may vary based on earnings, length of service,

or age. 2 Includes contribution types not separately published such as composite rates, flexible benefits, and percent of

earnings. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 16. Medical care benefits: Monthly employee contributions for single and family coverage, state and local

government workers, March 2021

(Includes workers participating in medical care benefits with flat dollar amount contributory coverage)

Characteristics

Single coverage1 Family coverage1

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. $25.99 $53.85 $98.04 $153.00 $257.23 $168.35 $264.80 $429.12 $701.17 $1138.56

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 25.81 56.71 102.58 161.17 272.81 162.94 265.06 450.01 733.20 1198.00

Professional and related .................................... 25.99 57.39 103.00 161.98 276.10 166.13 269.64 463.89 766.44 1220.63

Teachers ........................................................ 31.00 60.82 105.79 178.00 344.72 154.57 284.63 516.61 878.00 1297.86

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 60.82 107.87 188.72 357.02 144.72 305.67 551.51 978.20 1379.06

Service ................................................................... 32.28 55.52 94.33 148.00 240.41 194.52 270.90 424.76 654.45 1116.41

Protective service .............................................. 32.45 56.05 90.49 145.42 231.79 180.00 259.04 380.03 549.71 798.48

Sales and office ..................................................... 22.66 51.20 92.50 134.86 217.73 165.46 259.04 406.54 636.42 1039.32

Office and administrative support ...................... 22.66 50.81 92.00 133.75 214.98 162.39 252.07 402.29 636.42 1002.80

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 24.87 52.00 90.91 134.92 186.14 154.58 205.00 354.10 545.42 754.60

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 19.46 36.00 82.24 150.20 248.40 186.82 327.41 477.44 905.97 1258.24

Full time ................................................................. 25.78 53.32 97.68 151.14 248.22 167.87 263.49 427.06 692.00 1116.41

Part time ................................................................ 40.00 89.28 126.34 254.00 488.75 191.00 312.00 548.32 1053.80 1327.00

Union ..................................................................... 35.15 66.30 112.34 173.77 306.63 138.23 244.19 405.19 668.42 1202.32

Nonunion ............................................................... 22.35 50.00 88.56 134.92 204.21 180.00 280.86 451.17 720.00 1110.26

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 23.55 50.00 90.02 142.21 217.36 180.00 284.12 476.04 741.75 1235.64

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 21.78 47.88 90.77 157.10 226.70 212.42 355.71 572.47 870.57 1263.00

Second 25 percent ............................................ 25.09 50.81 90.55 133.75 222.01 162.94 251.10 385.00 578.54 981.74

Third 25 percent ................................................ 24.24 55.51 95.90 145.22 243.52 179.79 269.64 475.00 737.75 1110.26

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 35.15 66.28 111.49 186.29 344.40 139.75 251.45 422.95 667.95 1202.32

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 36.64 71.34 128.94 245.23 533.29 160.89 271.00 457.39 722.82 1429.48

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 25.78 53.53 98.38 155.00 258.11 166.63 265.36 432.78 703.82 1137.00

Education and health services ........................... 27.23 58.32 102.46 168.56 278.00 178.20 289.46 505.60 803.54 1258.24

Educational services ...................................... 28.69 59.78 104.56 178.03 322.28 169.99 283.81 521.17 870.83 1288.00

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 25.99 59.24 107.00 189.53 354.50 160.89 314.85 574.18 1010.30 1381.28

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 33.52 66.28 96.70 143.60 231.20 180.00 229.00 391.00 551.98 810.50

Health care and social assistance ................. – 45.50 88.44 127.36 174.40 225.80 307.67 392.82 600.64 851.11

Hospitals .................................................... 25.09 41.00 85.74 115.57 174.40 235.33 327.67 392.82 600.64 727.00

Public administration ......................................... 23.55 50.86 90.91 134.86 208.32 142.01 244.60 370.00 534.06 809.52

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 23.31 55.12 101.05 145.22 222.88 99.05 210.43 355.16 616.67 922.65

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 23.31 52.94 108.95 151.72 241.54 – 223.33 382.05 648.00 1120.52

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 57.39 97.00 142.71 214.00 115.77 203.18 314.85 559.50 736.31

100 workers or more .............................................. 27.41 52.56 97.00 156.61 261.72 184.82 277.33 445.80 728.48 1202.32

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 24.34 55.64 91.81 144.26 258.30 180.00 244.20 396.60 735.39 1235.64

500 workers or more .......................................... 28.99 52.54 98.65 159.27 263.75 190.00 323.42 470.55 722.82 1168.70

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 16. Medical care benefits: Monthly employee contributions for single and family coverage, state and local

government workers, March 2021—continued

(Includes workers participating in medical care benefits with flat dollar amount contributory coverage)

Characteristics

Single coverage1 Family coverage1

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

State government .................................................. $34.80 $54.00 $100.32 $133.75 $198.87 $180.00 $229.00 $351.24 $515.15 $703.82

Local government .................................................. 24.67 53.85 97.74 162.96 272.90 160.89 285.96 469.05 775.85 1243.28

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 49.73 96.70 133.75 189.79 268.43 – 265.06 418.13 515.15 723.98

New England ..................................................... 70.08 122.61 165.78 203.58 276.85 213.51 316.65 420.50 521.17 628.01

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 39.03 82.98 128.94 170.81 263.75 – 246.37 414.68 515.15 867.83

South ..................................................................... 22.35 50.00 86.34 140.61 203.00 186.00 348.00 532.51 737.91 1207.28

South Atlantic .................................................... 24.67 50.00 77.01 123.44 174.40 180.00 266.46 426.04 631.94 1061.20

East South Central ............................................ 20.00 – – 129.00 187.79 273.67 391.00 559.72 686.62 –

West South Central ........................................... 36.00 59.92 103.60 165.58 276.10 238.40 351.24 569.84 1001.00 1290.00

Midwest ................................................................. 31.00 54.38 92.00 127.36 224.70 160.89 229.00 355.17 679.10 1231.34

East North Central ............................................. 32.00 70.00 98.06 134.78 264.00 137.90 226.77 336.51 538.34 1203.90

West North Central ............................................ 27.23 36.64 72.00 106.97 147.12 180.00 230.02 441.61 831.83 1253.45

West ...................................................................... 24.24 50.00 94.37 184.51 344.72 122.10 228.36 387.80 737.75 1106.08

Mountain ............................................................ 18.06 35.96 56.71 109.00 242.80 142.01 245.00 397.23 737.75 1084.61

Pacific ................................................................ 36.93 65.48 121.05 245.23 439.36 – 197.88 377.50 735.39 1168.70

1 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of participating workers pay the

same as or more than the premium shown, and half pay the same as or less than the premium shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers pay the same or less than

the premium shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 16. Standard errors for medical care benefits: Monthly employee contributions for single and family coverage, state

and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Single coverage1 Family coverage1

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. $2.85 $2.64 $2.60 $5.23 $10.63 $9.33 $5.47 $12.57 $17.75 $54.47

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 3.33 3.89 2.91 5.54 10.93 13.46 8.37 22.09 19.61 47.05

Professional and related .................................... 3.94 3.65 3.27 5.19 12.14 14.57 13.56 22.14 37.70 35.98

Teachers ........................................................ 6.35 4.60 2.98 8.92 32.32 18.90 21.53 16.46 52.51 43.67

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 4.88 4.37 9.70 82.19 15.49 19.77 25.96 52.83 58.06

Service ................................................................... 3.00 3.64 7.03 14.69 29.89 11.99 10.48 18.29 24.93 98.13

Protective service .............................................. 8.20 6.26 11.25 21.05 48.56 13.55 15.44 14.07 40.41 44.46

Sales and office ..................................................... 2.28 2.70 3.41 9.45 11.81 20.41 13.94 23.75 23.34 100.65

Office and administrative support ...................... 2.10 2.38 3.39 5.81 8.77 20.71 13.44 23.73 24.77 111.91

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 7.32 5.54 14.66 8.54 22.22 25.28 26.11 20.01 45.16 117.93

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 2.63 5.88 12.68 16.84 39.37 34.41 25.38 58.04 122.75 38.92

Full time ................................................................. 2.27 2.50 2.75 5.13 8.92 9.09 5.89 13.60 21.09 36.15

Part time ................................................................ 9.10 9.54 9.73 37.66 82.50 32.33 37.68 106.80 107.35 90.07

Union ..................................................................... 2.12 1.91 4.84 6.36 35.84 7.61 19.25 15.36 25.10 51.90

Nonunion ............................................................... 2.05 4.05 4.05 4.47 11.75 4.27 18.01 24.26 18.52 35.57

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2.54 4.81 3.42 5.59 12.89 1.65 24.38 24.65 47.50 24.29

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 4.79 7.13 6.17 10.65 23.14 15.29 10.50 22.90 96.79 45.07

Second 25 percent ............................................ 3.63 2.22 3.38 5.55 14.80 26.54 13.72 6.74 14.91 78.17

Third 25 percent ................................................ 2.58 5.12 7.42 6.14 17.11 7.98 16.75 23.27 33.57 19.86

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2.45 3.35 4.74 9.49 31.73 17.11 20.40 24.53 36.26 70.94

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.56 5.25 4.16 9.88 58.05 25.83 15.76 30.46 34.68 84.51

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 2.46 2.85 2.53 5.60 9.79 10.35 6.00 12.21 15.60 50.75

Education and health services ........................... 4.47 3.48 3.21 5.99 21.90 8.63 17.69 11.32 36.34 36.32

Educational services ...................................... 4.48 3.67 2.22 7.09 30.77 12.28 19.84 16.66 30.44 24.51

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 5.00 3.96 3.40 7.71 26.35 18.37 24.05 16.60 35.58 33.43

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 3.78 10.31 7.26 8.61 21.90 3.74 9.90 31.51 27.98 41.29

Health care and social assistance ................. – 10.31 6.17 7.02 8.36 17.07 23.64 25.85 25.70 161.49

Hospitals .................................................... 3.57 7.00 12.49 16.68 11.24 25.16 10.99 38.84 45.23 68.65

Public administration ......................................... 3.39 1.97 8.22 3.37 18.10 25.04 16.18 9.33 19.15 46.94

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 3.53 4.75 4.71 9.79 28.84 28.60 19.79 18.13 44.19 127.51

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 1.28 3.73 8.14 17.84 41.38 – 42.74 44.56 65.75 257.21

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 8.81 4.11 8.90 29.35 9.80 26.17 29.83 36.72 102.27

100 workers or more .............................................. 3.01 3.24 3.28 6.40 9.18 6.59 15.76 12.71 20.32 32.91

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 6.23 6.81 6.51 10.95 25.74 3.90 15.32 19.90 62.36 46.62

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.65 2.51 3.59 5.01 9.21 8.78 14.30 19.36 25.01 62.99

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 16. Standard errors for medical care benefits: Monthly employee contributions for single and family coverage, state

and local government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Single coverage1 Family coverage1

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

State government .................................................. $2.95 $4.64 $5.85 $1.46 $15.26 $0.80 $9.19 $11.61 $6.97 $24.68

Local government .................................................. 1.48 3.02 2.56 4.46 9.67 13.52 16.54 19.57 33.00 25.92

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 10.07 7.97 0.91 8.46 21.07 – 13.67 15.53 3.00 105.98

New England ..................................................... 15.21 19.60 9.54 5.22 72.45 34.44 22.13 31.78 17.51 64.09

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 7.40 4.09 0.97 12.96 22.21 – 22.38 19.74 0.00 196.30

South ..................................................................... 3.31 1.73 6.37 7.61 10.48 9.05 11.80 12.14 57.09 47.25

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.33 0.00 8.36 17.45 8.73 0.00 7.72 37.76 17.02 66.06

East South Central ............................................ 0.13 – – 14.93 7.09 70.72 4.56 48.24 29.78 –

West South Central ........................................... 7.64 5.55 9.17 5.81 5.64 44.64 10.38 26.04 52.80 74.15

Midwest ................................................................. 2.43 6.26 0.91 1.25 43.70 22.36 16.26 19.07 40.36 115.38

East North Central ............................................. 2.74 6.08 6.69 5.57 36.70 36.39 24.65 2.74 97.10 143.89

West North Central ............................................ 1.35 1.41 9.46 4.14 10.42 15.84 41.78 34.37 100.19 170.59

West ...................................................................... 2.08 2.15 4.65 38.10 46.95 20.98 23.86 27.23 22.39 76.87

Mountain ............................................................ 2.91 9.69 3.02 10.37 16.94 6.65 20.66 52.26 48.38 55.88

Pacific ................................................................ 4.99 2.16 6.42 19.18 75.66 – 18.61 34.15 40.09 89.64

1 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of participating workers pay the

same as or more than the premium shown, and half pay the same as or less than the premium shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers pay the same or less than

the premium shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 17. Insurance benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 state and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Life insurance Short-term disability Long-term disability

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 83 80 97 27 26 97 39 38 97

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 84 82 97 26 25 96 42 41 97

Professional and related .................................... 84 81 97 26 24 96 42 41 97

Teachers ........................................................ 83 81 97 22 21 96 42 41 97

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 88 87 98 22 21 96 41 40 97

Service ................................................................... 77 74 97 25 25 98 31 30 98

Protective service .............................................. 87 84 97 29 29 99 31 31 99

Sales and office ..................................................... 83 81 98 29 28 98 38 37 98

Office and administrative support ...................... 84 82 98 29 28 98 38 37 98

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 90 88 98 34 33 96 42 39 95

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 79 78 99 28 27 96 33 32 98

Full time ................................................................. 92 90 97 29 28 97 43 42 98

Part time ................................................................ 23 22 94 14 13 96 13 13 94

Union ..................................................................... 88 87 98 26 26 99 39 38 98

Nonunion ............................................................... 78 75 96 27 26 95 39 37 97

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 67 65 97 21 20 95 29 28 97

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 57 55 97 16 15 92 25 24 96

Second 25 percent ............................................ 88 85 97 30 29 97 40 39 97

Third 25 percent ................................................ 89 86 97 28 27 96 43 42 97

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 88 86 98 29 29 99 43 43 98

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 86 84 97 35 35 99 41 40 97

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 83 80 97 27 26 97 39 38 97

Education and health services ........................... 83 80 97 25 24 95 42 40 97

Educational services ...................................... 82 80 97 23 22 95 40 39 97

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 81 79 98 22 21 95 37 36 97

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 86 83 97 27 26 96 49 48 97

Health care and social assistance ................. 87 83 95 34 32 96 51 49 97

Hospitals .................................................... 88 83 95 45 43 95 62 61 98

Public administration ......................................... 86 83 97 30 29 99 35 34 97

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 77 75 98 22 22 98 36 35 98

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 72 71 98 24 23 97 31 31 98

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 81 79 97 21 21 99 40 39 97

100 workers or more .............................................. 84 82 97 28 27 97 40 39 97

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 80 77 97 23 23 98 36 35 97

500 workers or more .......................................... 87 84 97 30 29 96 42 41 97

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 17. Insurance benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Life insurance Short-term disability Long-term disability

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

State government .................................................. 91 87 96 29 28 97 39 37 96

Local government .................................................. 80 78 98 26 25 97 39 38 98

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 82 79 97 31 31 100 16 16 99

New England ..................................................... 83 73 88 10 10 100 16 16 100

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 81 81 100 38 38 100 16 15 98

South ..................................................................... 85 82 97 24 22 94 34 33 96

South Atlantic .................................................... 85 81 96 35 32 93 48 46 96

East South Central ............................................ 85 83 98 – – – 32 31 97

West South Central ........................................... 84 82 98 13 12 96 15 15 97

Midwest ................................................................. 82 79 96 25 24 97 58 56 98

East North Central ............................................. 82 78 95 34 33 97 64 62 97

West North Central ............................................ 82 81 98 7 6 97 46 46 99

West ...................................................................... 80 80 100 29 29 99 48 47 98

Mountain ............................................................ 84 84 100 28 27 97 62 60 97

Pacific ................................................................ 79 79 100 30 30 100 42 41 99

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 17. Standard errors for insurance benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 state and local government

workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Life insurance Short-term disability Long-term disability

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

All workers ............................................................. 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.4 1.2 1.2 0.2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.0 1.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.5 1.6 1.6 0.3

Professional and related .................................... 1.1 1.1 0.4 1.1 1.0 0.5 1.7 1.7 0.3

Teachers ........................................................ 1.2 1.4 0.5 1.5 1.5 0.8 2.5 2.5 0.5

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.3 1.3 0.5 1.5 1.4 0.7 2.6 2.6 0.7

Service ................................................................... 1.4 1.5 0.6 1.6 1.6 0.5 1.9 1.9 0.6

Protective service .............................................. 1.8 1.8 0.7 2.3 2.2 0.3 2.6 2.7 0.5

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.5 1.5 0.4 1.4 1.4 0.4 1.4 1.3 0.5

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.5 1.5 0.4 1.4 1.4 0.4 1.4 1.3 0.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.5 2.4 0.9 4.7 4.3 1.7 3.9 3.5 2.1

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 4.8 4.8 0.5 4.0 3.9 1.2 3.0 3.0 0.6

Full time ................................................................. 0.8 0.8 0.3 1.1 1.1 0.4 1.3 1.2 0.2

Part time ................................................................ 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.2

Union ..................................................................... 1.1 1.1 0.4 1.2 1.2 0.4 1.4 1.4 0.3

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.2 1.3 0.5 1.4 1.3 0.8 1.6 1.6 0.3

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.7 1.7 0.5 1.4 1.4 0.9 1.4 1.3 0.7

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.1 2.1 0.7 1.6 1.6 2.4 1.7 1.6 1.2

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.8 0.9 0.5 1.4 1.4 0.4 1.6 1.5 0.4

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.1 1.2 0.4 1.6 1.6 0.9 2.3 2.3 0.3

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.2 1.3 0.5 1.5 1.5 0.5 1.3 1.3 0.4

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.8 1.9 0.8 2.0 1.9 0.6 2.2 2.1 0.6

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.8 0.9 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.4 1.2 1.2 0.2

Education and health services ........................... 1.1 1.1 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.6 1.7 1.7 0.2

Educational services ...................................... 1.2 1.2 0.4 1.1 1.0 0.5 1.9 1.9 0.2

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.5 1.4 0.5 1.1 1.1 0.6 2.0 2.0 0.3

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.7 1.9 0.5 1.6 1.6 1.3 2.1 2.2 0.4

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.0 2.3 1.9 3.4 3.0 1.8 3.9 3.6 0.9

Hospitals .................................................... 2.9 2.6 2.7 4.7 3.9 2.0 4.6 4.6 0.6

Public administration ......................................... 1.1 1.2 0.4 1.6 1.5 0.3 1.7 1.7 0.5

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.8 1.7 0.6 2.1 1.9 1.3 2.0 1.9 0.7

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.8 2.7 0.7 3.7 3.4 2.3 2.7 2.7 0.6

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.9 2.0 0.8 2.5 2.5 1.0 3.2 3.1 0.9

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.8 0.8 0.3 1.2 1.2 0.6 1.4 1.4 0.3

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2.2 2.2 0.5 1.9 1.9 1.3 2.3 2.2 0.5

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.2 1.2 0.5 1.4 1.3 0.6 1.4 1.4 0.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 17. Standard errors for insurance benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 state and local government

workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Life insurance Short-term disability Long-term disability

Access Participation Take-up

rate Access Participation Take-uprate Access Participation Take-uprate

State government .................................................. 0.9 1.0 0.5 1.5 1.5 0.9 1.5 1.5 0.5

Local government .................................................. 1.1 1.1 0.3 1.1 1.1 0.4 1.3 1.3 0.3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.8 1.8 0.8 1.7 1.6 0.1 1.9 1.8 0.5

New England ..................................................... 2.1 2.5 3.1 1.8 1.8 0.0 2.6 2.6 0.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.2 2.1 0.1 2.3 2.3 0.1 2.5 2.4 0.8

South ..................................................................... 1.1 1.2 0.4 1.8 1.8 0.7 2.2 2.2 0.4

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.3 1.6 0.7 2.7 2.7 0.9 3.5 3.5 0.5

East South Central ............................................ 2.5 2.7 0.6 – – – 6.1 5.7 0.9

West South Central ........................................... 2.4 2.3 0.7 1.9 1.7 1.5 2.5 2.5 0.6

Midwest ................................................................. 2.2 2.2 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.8 2.4 2.4 0.2

East North Central ............................................. 3.0 3.2 1.4 1.5 1.7 0.9 1.9 1.9 0.2

West North Central ............................................ 2.7 2.3 1.3 1.7 1.5 1.7 5.8 5.9 0.5

West ...................................................................... 1.9 1.9 0.1 2.1 2.0 0.8 2.6 2.7 0.3

Mountain ............................................................ 3.7 3.6 0.2 4.1 3.7 2.5 6.8 6.7 0.5

Pacific ................................................................ 2.3 2.2 0.2 2.4 2.4 0.3 2.5 2.6 0.4

1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 18. Life insurance plans: Employee contribution

requirement, state and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers with basic life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 10 90

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 11 89

Professional and related .................................... 11 89

Teachers ........................................................ 11 89

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 10 90

Service ................................................................... 8 92

Protective service .............................................. 7 93

Sales and office ..................................................... 10 90

Office and administrative support ...................... 9 91

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 7 93

Full time ................................................................. 10 90

Part time ................................................................ 14 86

Union ..................................................................... 9 91

Nonunion ............................................................... 10 90

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 11 89

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 15 85

Second 25 percent ............................................ 8 92

Third 25 percent ................................................ 8 92

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 12 88

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 11 89

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 10 90

Education and health services ........................... 11 89

Educational services ...................................... 12 88

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 10 90

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 15 85

Health care and social assistance ................. 11 89

Hospitals .................................................... 7 93

Public administration ......................................... 7 93

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 9 91

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 10 90

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 9 91

100 workers or more .............................................. 10 90

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 8 92

500 workers or more .......................................... 11 89

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 18. Life insurance plans: Employee contribution

requirement, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers with basic life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

State government .................................................. 13 87

Local government .................................................. 9 91

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 14 86

New England ..................................................... 43 57

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 6 94

South ..................................................................... 9 91

South Atlantic .................................................... 9 91

East South Central ............................................ 11 89

West South Central ........................................... 8 92

Midwest ................................................................. 11 89

East North Central ............................................. 14 86

West North Central ............................................ 6 94

West ...................................................................... 6 94

Mountain ............................................................ 8 92

Pacific ................................................................ 4 96

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 18. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Employee

contribution requirement, state and local government workers,

March 2021

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 0.5 0.5

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.6 0.6

Professional and related .................................... 0.6 0.6

Teachers ........................................................ 0.9 0.9

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.0 1.0

Service ................................................................... 1.3 1.3

Protective service .............................................. 1.9 1.9

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.1 1.1

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.0 1.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.5 1.5

Full time ................................................................. 0.5 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 3.3 3.3

Union ..................................................................... 0.7 0.7

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.8 0.8

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.9 0.9

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.8 1.8

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.0 1.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.0 1.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.0 1.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.6 1.6

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.5 0.5

Education and health services ........................... 0.6 0.6

Educational services ...................................... 0.6 0.6

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.7 0.7

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.3 2.3

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.9 1.9

Hospitals .................................................... 2.0 2.0

Public administration ......................................... 0.9 0.9

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.0 2.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.6 2.6

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.1 2.1

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.6 0.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.3 1.3

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.8 0.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 18. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Employee

contribution requirement, state and local government workers,

March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

State government .................................................. 1.6 1.6

Local government .................................................. 0.7 0.7

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.5 1.5

New England ..................................................... 3.7 3.7

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.9 1.9

South ..................................................................... 0.7 0.7

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.2 1.2

East South Central ............................................ 1.3 1.3

West South Central ........................................... 1.0 1.0

Midwest ................................................................. 1.5 1.5

East North Central ............................................. 2.3 2.3

West North Central ............................................ 0.9 0.9

West ...................................................................... 1.1 1.1

Mountain ............................................................ 1.6 1.6

Pacific ................................................................ 1.4 1.4

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 19. Life insurance plans: Method of benefit payment, state and local government

workers, March 2021

(All workers with basic life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Basic life insurance method of payment

Fixed

multiple of

annual

earnings

Variable

multiple of

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amount

Variable

dollar

amount

Other

All workers ............................................................. 36 3 52 6 4

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 34 4 53 5 4

Professional and related .................................... 34 4 54 5 4

Teachers ........................................................ 29 3 59 4 5

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 26 3 63 3 5

Service ................................................................... 37 2 52 6 3

Protective service .............................................. 35 2 51 8 3

Sales and office ..................................................... 39 2 49 6 4

Office and administrative support ...................... 39 2 49 6 4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 37 2 52 7 2

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 38 – 42 18 –

Full time ................................................................. 36 3 52 6 4

Part time ................................................................ 31 4 61 2 2

Union ..................................................................... 33 2 58 7 1

Nonunion ............................................................... 38 4 47 4 7

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 37 2 53 3 5

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 40 2 52 2 5

Second 25 percent ............................................ 38 3 50 6 3

Third 25 percent ................................................ 35 3 50 8 5

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 34 3 56 6 2

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 32 3 59 5 1

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 36 3 52 5 4

Education and health services ........................... 35 3 54 4 4

Educational services ...................................... 31 3 58 3 4

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 27 3 63 3 5

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 44 3 44 5 4

Health care and social assistance ................. 57 – 34 4 –

Hospitals .................................................... 64 – 26 – –

Public administration ......................................... 34 3 52 7 3

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 28 5 60 2 5

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 20 5 66 – –

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 34 5 54 – –

100 workers or more .............................................. 38 2 50 6 3

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 36 3 51 5 4

500 workers or more .......................................... 38 2 50 7 3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 19. Life insurance plans: Method of benefit payment, state and local government

workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with basic life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Basic life insurance method of payment

Fixed

multiple of

annual

earnings

Variable

multiple of

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amount

Variable

dollar

amount

Other

State government .................................................. 39 4 45 6 5

Local government .................................................. 34 3 55 5 3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 33 3 51 13 –

New England ..................................................... 19 – 73 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 38 4 45 14 –

South ..................................................................... 39 5 43 4 8

South Atlantic .................................................... 52 5 27 2 15

East South Central ............................................ 37 14 38 – –

West South Central ........................................... 23 – 70 5 –

Midwest ................................................................. 41 2 52 3 2

East North Central ............................................. 41 – 55 3 –

West North Central ............................................ 43 4 46 – –

West ...................................................................... 26 1 68 4 1

Mountain ............................................................ 42 – 55 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 18 – 75 5 –

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not

meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit

Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 19. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Method of benefit payment, state

and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Basic life insurance method of payment

Fixed

multiple of

annual

earnings

Variable

multiple of

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amount

Variable

dollar

amount

Other

All workers ............................................................. 1.1 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.5 0.3 1.2 0.6 1.2

Professional and related .................................... 1.7 0.3 1.5 0.7 1.5

Teachers ........................................................ 2.2 0.4 1.6 0.8 2.2

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.2 0.5 1.6 0.9 2.3

Service ................................................................... 1.8 0.5 1.8 0.8 0.5

Protective service .............................................. 3.0 0.7 3.1 1.3 0.9

Sales and office ..................................................... 2.5 0.7 2.7 0.9 1.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 2.5 0.6 2.7 0.9 1.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 4.1 1.0 4.2 1.8 0.8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 4.8 – 3.7 3.2 –

Full time ................................................................. 1.1 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.6

Part time ................................................................ 3.7 2.1 3.8 0.8 0.9

Union ..................................................................... 1.4 0.4 1.4 0.7 0.2

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.7 0.5 1.7 0.6 1.2

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.9 0.5 2.0 0.7 0.6

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.1 0.5 2.4 0.8 1.1

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.7 0.6 1.7 1.0 0.8

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.9 0.4 1.4 0.8 1.8

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.6 0.5 1.6 0.7 0.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.7 0.9 2.1 1.2 0.4

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.1 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.6

Education and health services ........................... 1.5 0.4 1.3 0.6 0.9

Educational services ...................................... 1.6 0.4 1.4 0.7 1.0

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.7 0.5 1.4 0.8 1.1

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.2 1.0 2.5 1.2 1.1

Health care and social assistance ................. 4.4 – 3.7 1.4 –

Hospitals .................................................... 5.9 – 4.1 – –

Public administration ......................................... 2.1 0.4 2.3 0.9 0.5

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.4 0.7 2.6 1.1 1.5

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3.3 2.3 3.3 – –

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.8 1.2 3.2 – –

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.2 0.4 1.2 0.6 0.4

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2.6 0.7 2.6 1.4 0.7

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.5 0.5 1.6 0.6 0.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 19. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Method of benefit payment, state

and local government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Basic life insurance method of payment

Fixed

multiple of

annual

earnings

Variable

multiple of

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amount

Variable

dollar

amount

Other

State government .................................................. 2.1 0.6 2.0 0.9 0.8

Local government .................................................. 1.4 0.3 1.3 0.6 0.6

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.1 0.5 1.9 1.0 –

New England ..................................................... 3.0 – 2.4 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.4 0.6 2.1 1.2 –

South ..................................................................... 2.0 0.5 1.6 0.8 1.5

South Atlantic .................................................... 3.4 0.8 2.6 0.7 2.8

East South Central ............................................ 4.1 2.8 3.4 – –

West South Central ........................................... 3.4 – 2.5 1.9 –

Midwest ................................................................. 2.9 0.6 3.0 1.2 0.7

East North Central ............................................. 2.8 – 3.5 1.5 –

West North Central ............................................ 6.5 0.9 5.2 – –

West ...................................................................... 1.9 0.6 1.6 1.0 0.3

Mountain ............................................................ 1.9 – 2.3 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 2.6 – 2.0 0.9 –

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 20. Life insurance plans: Fixed multiple of annual earnings benefit formulas, state and local

government workers, March 2021

(All workers with fixed multiple of annual earnings formula life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Multiple of annual earnings amounts1

Mean

multiple of

annual

earnings

Median

multiple of

annual

earnings

Less than

1.0 times

earnings

1.0 times

earnings

Over 1.0

and under

2.0 times

earnings

2.0 times

earnings

Greater

than 2.0

times

earnings

All workers ............................................................. – 52 19 23 6 1.4 1.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ – 50 22 22 6 1.4 1.1

Professional and related .................................... – 50 23 21 6 1.4 1.0

Teachers ........................................................ – 47 24 21 8 1.5 1.3

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 48 28 19 5 1.5 1.3

Service ................................................................... – 55 17 19 9 1.5 1.0

Protective service .............................................. – 54 – 23 – 1.6 –

Sales and office ..................................................... – 54 18 25 3 1.4 1.0

Office and administrative support ...................... – 54 18 25 3 1.4 1.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 56 – 32 – 1.4 1.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... – 51 – 27 – 1.4 1.0

Full time ................................................................. – 52 20 23 6 1.4 1.0

Part time ................................................................ – 54 15 28 – 1.4 –

Union ..................................................................... – 52 26 14 8 1.4 1.0

Nonunion ............................................................... – 52 13 31 4 1.4 1.0

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. – 55 18 22 5 1.4 1.0

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 55 23 20 2 1.4 1.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ – 53 18 25 4 1.4 1.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ – 55 18 23 4 1.4 1.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ – 46 22 22 10 1.5 1.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – 47 21 20 12 1.6 1.5

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. – 52 20 23 6 1.4 1.0

Education and health services ........................... – 49 23 22 6 1.5 1.3

Educational services ...................................... – 45 24 24 7 1.5 1.5

Elementary and secondary schools ........... – 44 27 24 5 1.5 1.5

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 45 19 25 11 1.5 –

Health care and social assistance ................. – 61 20 – – 1.4 1.0

Hospitals .................................................... – 64 17 – – 1.4 1.0

Public administration ......................................... – 57 15 21 6 1.4 1.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... – 60 18 17 4 1.4 1.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 65 – – – 1.3 1.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 58 23 – – 1.4 1.0

100 workers or more .............................................. – 50 20 24 6 1.5 1.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – 45 26 24 5 1.5 1.5

500 workers or more .......................................... – 53 17 24 6 1.4 1.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 20. Life insurance plans: Fixed multiple of annual earnings benefit formulas, state and local

government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with fixed multiple of annual earnings formula life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Multiple of annual earnings amounts1

Mean

multiple of

annual

earnings

Median

multiple of

annual

earnings

Less than

1.0 times

earnings

1.0 times

earnings

Over 1.0

and under

2.0 times

earnings

2.0 times

earnings

Greater

than 2.0

times

earnings

State government .................................................. – 54 21 18 7 1.4 1.0

Local government .................................................. – 51 19 25 5 1.5 1.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... – 35 45 7 12 1.6 1.5

New England ..................................................... – 47 29 – – 1.5 1.5

Middle Atlantic ................................................... – 33 48 6 13 1.6 1.5

South ..................................................................... – 54 13 31 3 1.4 1.0

South Atlantic .................................................... – 54 14 29 – 1.4 1.0

East South Central ............................................ – 54 – 39 – 1.4 –

West South Central ........................................... – 54 – 29 – 1.4 –

Midwest ................................................................. – 51 21 21 7 1.4 1.0

East North Central ............................................. – 52 11 26 11 1.5 1.0

West North Central ............................................ – 50 38 – – 1.3 1.0

West ...................................................................... – 66 8 22 – 1.4 1.0

Mountain ............................................................ – 57 – 30 – 1.4 1.0

Pacific ................................................................ – 76 4 – – 1.4 1.0

1 Includes participants in plans in which insurance equaled a multiple of earnings plus or minus a specified amount. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 20. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Fixed multiple of annual earnings benefit formulas, state

and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Multiple of annual earnings amounts1

Mean

multiple of

annual

earnings

Median

multiple of

annual

earnings

Less than

1.0 times

earnings

1.0 times

earnings

Over 1.0

and under

2.0 times

earnings

2.0 times

earnings

Greater

than 2.0

times

earnings

All workers ............................................................. – 1.8 1.8 1.6 0.9 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ – 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.2 2 ( ) 0.2

Professional and related .................................... – 2.3 2.3 1.9 1.4 2 ( ) 0.3

Teachers ........................................................ – 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.4 0.1 0.2

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 2.9 3.0 3.0 2.4 0.1 0.2

Service ................................................................... – 4.4 2.7 3.0 2.5 0.1 2 ( )

Protective service .............................................. – 6.9 – 5.2 – 0.1 –

Sales and office ..................................................... – 3.6 2.9 3.6 0.8 2 ( ) 0.1

Office and administrative support ...................... – 3.6 2.8 3.6 0.8 2 ( ) 0.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 5.3 – 5.0 – 0.1 0.2

Production, transportation, and material moving ... – 6.4 – 6.4 – 0.1 0.3

Full time ................................................................. – 1.9 1.8 1.7 0.9 2 ( ) 0.1

Part time ................................................................ – 6.9 3.2 7.0 – 0.1 –

Union ..................................................................... – 2.7 2.3 2.1 1.5 2 ( ) 0.1

Nonunion ............................................................... – 2.5 2.1 2.3 0.8 2 ( ) 0.2

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. – 3.6 3.3 2.6 1.1 2 ( ) 0.0

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 4.4 4.7 3.8 0.8 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Second 25 percent ............................................ – 2.4 2.4 2.3 1.0 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Third 25 percent ................................................ – 2.3 2.3 2.1 1.0 2 ( ) 0.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ – 2.6 2.1 2.3 2.1 2 ( ) 0.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – 4.3 3.6 3.3 2.3 0.1 0.4

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. – 1.8 1.8 1.6 0.9 2 ( ) 0.1

Education and health services ........................... – 2.5 2.5 2.3 1.2 2 ( ) 0.3

Educational services ...................................... – 2.3 2.8 2.4 1.4 2 ( ) 0.2

Elementary and secondary schools ........... – 2.9 3.0 3.1 1.9 0.1 0.2

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 3.4 5.1 4.3 1.6 2 () –

Health care and social assistance ................. – 6.7 5.3 – – 0.1 0.0

Hospitals .................................................... – 6.4 5.1 – – 0.1 0.0

Public administration ......................................... – 3.9 3.1 3.1 1.9 2 ( ) 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... – 5.0 4.0 4.7 2.0 0.1 0.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 9.8 – – – 0.1 0.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 6.1 5.8 – – 0.1 0.1

100 workers or more .............................................. – 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.0 2 ( ) 0.3

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – 4.6 4.0 3.5 2.0 0.1 0.2

500 workers or more .......................................... – 2.1 2.0 1.6 1.1 2 ( ) 2 ( )

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 20. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Fixed multiple of annual earnings benefit formulas, state

and local government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Multiple of annual earnings amounts1

Mean

multiple of

annual

earnings

Median

multiple of

annual

earnings

Less than

1.0 times

earnings

1.0 times

earnings

Over 1.0

and under

2.0 times

earnings

2.0 times

earnings

Greater

than 2.0

times

earnings

State government .................................................. – 2.8 3.6 2.5 1.5 2 ( ) 0.0

Local government .................................................. – 2.2 1.7 1.9 1.1 2 ( ) 0.3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... – 3.4 3.4 2.2 2.9 0.1 0.0

New England ..................................................... – 5.0 8.0 – – 0.1 0.3

Middle Atlantic ................................................... – 3.5 3.4 2.0 3.5 0.1 0.0

South ..................................................................... – 3.0 2.8 2.8 1.2 2 ( ) 0.0

South Atlantic .................................................... – 3.1 2.7 2.8 – 2 ( ) 2 ( )

East South Central ............................................ – 11.6 – 11.7 – 0.1 –

West South Central ........................................... – 7.4 – 7.0 – 2 () –

Midwest ................................................................. – 2.9 3.6 3.2 1.6 2 ( ) 0.1

East North Central ............................................. – 2.5 1.5 4.6 2.4 2 ( ) 0.2

West North Central ............................................ – 6.9 9.5 – – 2 ( ) 0.2

West ...................................................................... – 4.8 2.5 3.9 – 0.1 0.0

Mountain ............................................................ – 7.4 – 5.7 – 0.1 0.2

Pacific ................................................................ – 6.7 1.8 – – 0.1 0.0

1 Includes participants in plans in which insurance equaled a multiple of earnings plus or minus a specified amount. 2 Less than 0.05. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 21. Life insurance plans: Maximum benefit amount, state and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers with fixed multiple of earnings formula life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 59 $50,000 $50,000 $150,000 $300,000 $500,000 41

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 57 50,000 50,000 150,000 300,000 500,000 43

Professional and related .................................... 55 50,000 50,000 – 300,000 500,000 45

Teachers ........................................................ 49 50,000 50,000 100,000 250,000 400,000 51

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 45 50,000 50,000 100,000 250,000 – 55

Service ................................................................... 55 50,000 – 150,000 250,000 500,000 45

Protective service .............................................. 59 50,000 – 150,000 250,000 500,000 41

Sales and office ..................................................... 62 40,000 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 38

Office and administrative support ...................... 62 40,000 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 38

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 71 50,000 100,000 200,000 300,000 500,000 29

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 67 50,000 50,000 – – 600,000 33

Full time ................................................................. 59 50,000 50,000 150,000 300,000 500,000 41

Part time ................................................................ 34 50,000 50,000 50,000 – 500,000 66

Union ..................................................................... 58 40,000 50,000 130,000 250,000 500,000 42

Nonunion ............................................................... 59 50,000 – 150,000 350,000 500,000 41

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 59 – 50,000 – 300,000 500,000 41

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 58 50,000 – 100,000 – 500,000 42

Second 25 percent ............................................ 62 50,000 50,000 150,000 250,000 500,000 38

Third 25 percent ................................................ 60 50,000 50,000 150,000 250,000 500,000 40

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 54 50,000 50,000 175,000 300,000 500,000 46

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 54 50,000 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 46

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 58 50,000 50,000 150,000 300,000 500,000 42

Education and health services ........................... 55 50,000 50,000 100,000 250,000 500,000 45

Educational services ...................................... 52 50,000 50,000 100,000 250,000 500,000 48

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 47 50,000 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 53

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 62 50,000 50,000 100,000 250,000 400,000 38

Health care and social assistance ................. 63 50,000 50,000 – 500,000 500,000 37

Hospitals .................................................... 66 50,000 – 250,000 500,000 500,000 34

Public administration ......................................... 62 40,000 – 150,000 250,000 500,000 38

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 48 40,000 – 100,000 250,000 500,000 52

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 60 40,000 – – – – 40

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 42 40,000 – 100,000 – – 58

100 workers or more .............................................. 61 50,000 50,000 150,000 300,000 500,000 39

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 53 40,000 50,000 – 200,000 300,000 47

500 workers or more .......................................... 64 50,000 50,000 200,000 300,000 500,000 36

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 21. Life insurance plans: Maximum benefit amount, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers with fixed multiple of earnings formula life insurance coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

State government .................................................. 60 $40,000 $50,000 – $200,000 $400,000 40

Local government .................................................. 58 50,000 – $200,000 300,000 500,000 42

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 34 40,000 40,000 40,000 – – 66

New England ..................................................... 29 – – – – 500,000 71

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 34 40,000 40,000 40,000 – – 66

South ..................................................................... 60 50,000 – 150,000 300,000 500,000 40

South Atlantic .................................................... 56 50,000 – 200,000 325,000 500,000 44

West South Central ........................................... 59 50,000 50,000 – – – 41

Midwest ................................................................. 56 50,000 50,000 200,000 250,000 500,000 44

East North Central ............................................. 59 50,000 50,000 200,000 250,000 – 41

West North Central ............................................ 49 – – 200,000 – 500,000 51

West ...................................................................... 84 50,000 50,000 150,000 300,000 500,000 16

Mountain ............................................................ 83 50,000 100,000 – 300,000 500,000 17

1 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile,

one-fourth of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 21. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Maximum benefit amount, state and local government

workers, March 2021

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 1.9 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $68,278.84 $0.00 1.9

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 2.5 0.00 0.00 32,323.17 57,706.15 0.00 2.5

Professional and related .................................... 2.8 0.00 0.00 – 62,551.98 0.00 2.8

Teachers ........................................................ 3.6 0.00 0.00 15,803.48 18,248.29 112,490.00 3.6

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 4.2 0.00 0.00 28,563.09 12,903.49 – 4.2

Service ................................................................... 3.3 9,304.84 – 0.00 58,423.03 0.00 3.3

Protective service .............................................. 4.9 7,299.32 – 0.00 37,619.81 101,602.17 4.9

Sales and office ..................................................... 3.6 4,469.90 0.00 – 28,853.08 0.00 3.6

Office and administrative support ...................... 3.6 3,649.66 0.00 – 30,261.36 0.00 3.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 4.9 0.00 25,806.98 47,410.44 31,606.96 60,522.72 4.9

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 5.9 13,409.70 0.00 – – 141,644.80 5.9

Full time ................................................................. 1.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 68,278.84 0.00 1.9

Part time ................................................................ 5.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 – 0.00 5.4

Union ..................................................................... 3.1 0.00 0.00 38,774.93 20,402.21 54,744.86 3.1

Nonunion ............................................................... 2.0 0.00 – 15,803.48 69,851.86 0.00 2.0

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2.5 – 0.00 – 49,974.99 0.00 2.5

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 3.7 0.00 – 24,001.87 – 0.00 3.7

Second 25 percent ............................................ 3.0 13,284.95 0.00 3,649.66 59,831.01 0.00 3.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 2.9 0.00 0.00 9,124.14 63,869.01 0.00 2.9

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 3.1 0.00 0.00 46,461.52 61,206.62 89,862.39 3.1

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 4.5 0.00 0.00 – 44,698.99 111,747.48 4.5

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.9 0.00 0.00 5,161.40 54,744.86 0.00 1.9

Education and health services ........................... 2.6 0.00 0.00 18,064.88 66,424.77 0.00 2.6

Educational services ...................................... 2.9 0.00 0.00 8,262.26 12,903.49 138,974.82 2.9

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 3.4 0.00 0.00 – 30,261.36 140,167.76 3.4

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 5.6 0.00 0.00 19,948.31 60,522.72 115,412.30 5.6

Health care and social assistance ................. 5.7 14,016.78 7,742.09 – 34,139.42 0.00 5.7

Hospitals .................................................... 7.3 0.00 – 47,410.44 0.00 0.00 7.3

Public administration ......................................... 3.9 8,362.42 – 1,731.18 48,280.43 0.00 3.9

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 5.3 0.00 – 1,824.83 62,718.12 12,903.49 5.3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 8.3 9,259.99 – – – – 8.3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 6.6 1,824.83 – 17,668.83 – – 6.6

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.7 0.00 0.00 19,893.14 45,620.72 0.00 1.7

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 4.4 6,579.51 0.00 – 0.00 51,613.95 4.4

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.3 0.00 0.00 30,941.48 75,493.68 0.00 2.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 21. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Maximum benefit amount, state and local government

workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

State government .................................................. 3.9 $0.00 $0.00 – $0.00 $114,325.19 3.9

Local government .................................................. 2.3 0.00 – $55,523.69 11,755.64 0.00 2.3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 3.7 0.00 0.00 0.00 – – 3.7

New England ..................................................... 6.1 – – – – 0.00 6.1

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 4.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 – – 4.2

South ..................................................................... 2.6 0.00 – 40,804.41 53,786.03 85,592.06 2.6

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.0 0.00 – 22,349.50 44,698.99 111,000.00 2.0

West South Central ........................................... 8.4 0.00 0.00 – – – 8.4

Midwest ................................................................. 4.6 0.00 12,070.11 22,011.70 0.00 0.00 4.6

East North Central ............................................. 5.7 0.00 0.00 52,564.89 45,162.21 – 5.7

West North Central ............................................ 8.6 – – 0.00 – 0.00 8.6

West ...................................................................... 2.8 0.00 0.00 20,402.21 32,897.57 43,757.86 2.8

Mountain ............................................................ 3.4 6,451.74 27,158.70 – 41,452.14 129,357.06 3.4

1 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth

of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 22. Life insurance plans: Flat-dollar amount benefit formulas,1 state and local

government workers, March 2021

(Includes workers participating in life insurance plans with flat-dollar amount formulas)

Characteristics

Flat dollar amount2

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. $5,000 $10,000 $25,000 $50,000 $50,000

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 5,000 10,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Professional and related .................................... 5,000 10,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Teachers ........................................................ 6,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Service ................................................................... 5,000 10,000 20,000 40,000 50,000

Protective service .............................................. 5,000 10,000 20,000 50,000 –

Sales and office ..................................................... 5,000 10,000 20,000 40,000 50,000

Office and administrative support ...................... 5,000 10,000 20,000 40,000 50,000

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – – 25,000 50,000 50,000

Production, transportation, and material moving ... – 15,000 20,000 30,000 50,000

Full time ................................................................. 5,000 10,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Part time ................................................................ 5,000 – 25,000 50,000 50,000

Union ..................................................................... 5,000 10,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Nonunion ............................................................... 5,000 10,000 20,000 40,000 50,000

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 5,000 10,000 20,000 30,000 50,000

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 5,000 10,000 20,000 30,000 50,000

Second 25 percent ............................................ 5,000 10,000 25,000 40,000 50,000

Third 25 percent ................................................ 5,000 10,000 – 50,000 50,000

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 5,000 10,000 30,000 50,000 50,000

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 5,000 – 25,000 50,000 50,000

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 5,000 10,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Education and health services ........................... 5,000 – 25,000 50,000 50,000

Educational services ...................................... 5,000 – 25,000 50,000 50,000

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 6,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 5,000 6,000 25,000 40,000 50,000

Health care and social assistance ................. 5,000 – 25,000 50,000 50,000

Hospitals .................................................... 5,000 – – 50,000 57,000

Public administration ......................................... 5,000 10,000 20,000 40,000 50,000

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... – 15,000 30,000 50,000 50,000

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 5,000 – 25,000 50,000 50,000

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 10,000 – 30,000 50,000 50,000

100 workers or more .............................................. 5,000 10,000 – 40,000 50,000

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

500 workers or more .......................................... 5,000 10,000 20,000 40,000 50,000

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 22. Life insurance plans: Flat-dollar amount benefit formulas,1 state and local

government workers, March 2021—continued

(Includes workers participating in life insurance plans with flat-dollar amount formulas)

Characteristics

Flat dollar amount2

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

State government .................................................. $5,000 $5,000 $20,000 $30,000 $50,000

Local government .................................................. 6,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 5,000 6,000 20,000 50,000 50,000

New England ..................................................... 5,000 5,000 – 40,000 50,000

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 5,000 6,000 20,000 50,000 50,000

South ..................................................................... 5,000 10,000 20,000 25,000 50,000

South Atlantic .................................................... 10,000 – 25,000 25,000 –

East South Central ............................................ 10,000 15,000 – 50,000 50,000

West South Central ........................................... 5,000 – – 20,000 40,000

Midwest ................................................................. 10,000 20,000 30,000 50,000 50,000

East North Central ............................................. – 25,000 30,000 50,000 50,000

West North Central ............................................ 10,000 20,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

West ...................................................................... 5,000 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

Mountain ............................................................ 15,000 25,000 50,000 50,000 57,000

Pacific ................................................................ 5,000 10,000 25,000 50,000 50,000

1 Includes participants in plans providing a fixed benefit amount. Dollar amounts can be a flat amount or can vary by the

employee’s earnings or length of service. 2 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th

percentile or median, half of participating workers receive the same as or more than the amount shown, and half receive the same as

or less than the amount shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers receive the same or less than the amount

shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 22. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Flat-dollar amount benefit formulas,1

state and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Flat dollar amount2

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. $0.00 $0.00 $912.41 $1,621.94 $0.00

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Professional and related .................................... 0.00 1,931.22 0.00 0.00 0.00

Teachers ........................................................ 0.00 3,969.79 2,593.57 0.00 0.00

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 0.00 4,451.24 0.00 0.00

Service ................................................................... 0.00 0.00 1,611.65 4,357.16 0.00

Protective service .............................................. 0.00 0.00 2,821.12 11,602.75 –

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.00 0.00 0.00 5,545.39 0.00

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.00 0.00 0.00 5,050.31 0.00

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – – 3,649.66 9,482.09 0.00

Production, transportation, and material moving ... – 912.41 4,997.50 3,649.66 6,052.27

Full time ................................................................. 0.00 0.00 912.41 1,340.97 0.00

Part time ................................................................ 555.00 – 6,915.11 10,458.99 0.00

Union ..................................................................... 0.00 1,788.54 0.00 0.00 0.00

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.00 0.00 3,243.89 2,455.06 0.00

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.00 0.00 0.00 8,596.09 0.00

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 0.00 0.00 0.00 8,537.78 0.00

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.00 1,020.11 258.07 472.52 0.00

Third 25 percent ................................................ 516.14 0.00 – 9,741.92 0.00

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.00 1,750.31 6,482.64 0.00 0.00

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 408.04 – 3,649.66 0.00 0.00

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.00 0.00 729.93 1,048.28 0.00

Education and health services ........................... 182.48 – 0.00 0.00 0.00

Educational services ...................................... 1,448.41 – 0.00 0.00 0.00

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1,146.89 456.21 0.00 0.00 0.00

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 0.00 1,711.84 1,290.35 3,862.43 0.00

Health care and social assistance ................. 0.00 – 4,375.79 4,469.90 3,612.98

Hospitals .................................................... 0.00 – – 6,579.51 9,894.54

Public administration ......................................... 0.00 0.00 0.00 11,510.97 0.00

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... – 2,040.22 4,117.00 0.00 0.00

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 893.98 – 5,109.52 0.00 0.00

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 0.00 – 5,958.00 0.00 3,160.70

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.00 0.00 – 2,580.70 0.00

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – 2,948.10 3,053.52 912.41 0.00

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.00 0.00 3,547.87 2,380.09 0.00

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 22. Standard errors for life insurance plans: Flat-dollar amount benefit formulas,1

state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Flat dollar amount2

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

State government .................................................. $0.00 $0.00 $4,375.79 $6,611.55 $0.00

Local government .................................................. 1,353.33 4,300.22 0.00 0.00 0.00

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 0.00 0.00 5,080.11 0.00 0.00

New England ..................................................... 0.00 0.00 – 10,927.91 0.00

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 0.00 0.00 2,580.70 0.00 0.00

South ..................................................................... 0.00 0.00 4,652.42 0.00 11,100.00

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.00 – 2,234.95 0.00 –

East South Central ............................................ 0.00 0.00 – 14,135.06 9,995.00

West South Central ........................................... 0.00 – – 2,040.22 0.00

Midwest ................................................................. 1,939.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

East North Central ............................................. – 6,948.74 657.95 0.00 0.00

West North Central ............................................ 1,766.88 2,737.24 5,624.50 0.00 0.00

West ...................................................................... 0.00 0.00 547.45 0.00 0.00

Mountain ............................................................ 0.00 0.00 1,750.31 0.00 12,993.50

Pacific ................................................................ 0.00 0.00 1,580.35 0.00 0.00

1 Includes participants in plans providing a fixed benefit amount. Dollar amounts can be a flat amount or can vary by the employee’s

earnings or length of service. 2 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile

or median, half of participating workers receive the same as or more than the amount shown, and half receive the same as or less than the

amount shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers receive the same or less than the amount shown. The remaining

percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers

with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for

March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and

related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 23. Short-term disability plans: Method of funding, state

and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Noncommercially

insured1

Insured2

All workers ............................................................. 46 54

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 50 50

Professional and related .................................... 51 49

Teachers ........................................................ 58 42

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 54 46

Service ................................................................... 37 63

Protective service .............................................. 35 65

Sales and office ..................................................... 45 55

Office and administrative support ...................... 45 55

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 38 62

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 49 51

Full time ................................................................. 46 54

Part time ................................................................ 37 63

Union ..................................................................... 38 62

Nonunion ............................................................... 53 47

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 41 59

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 38 62

Second 25 percent ............................................ 42 58

Third 25 percent ................................................ 52 48

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 46 54

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 44 56

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 46 54

Education and health services ........................... 50 50

Educational services ...................................... 51 49

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 47 53

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 59 41

Health care and social assistance ................. 48 52

Hospitals .................................................... 51 49

Public administration ......................................... 39 61

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 50 50

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 57 43

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 43 57

100 workers or more .............................................. 45 55

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 45 55

500 workers or more .......................................... 44 56

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. Short-term disability plans: Method of funding, state

and local government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Noncommercially

insured1

Insured2

State government .................................................. 63 37

Local government .................................................. 39 61

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 17 83

New England ..................................................... 57 43

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 13 87

South ..................................................................... 63 37

South Atlantic .................................................... 73 27

West South Central ........................................... 32 68

Midwest ................................................................. 49 51

East North Central ............................................. 50 50

West North Central ............................................ 43 57

West ...................................................................... 47 53

Mountain ............................................................ 34 66

Pacific ................................................................ 52 48

1 Employer assumes all risks and expenses of providing the benefit. 2 An entity other than the establishment assumes the risk for providing the benefit. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for

the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March

2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no

workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans,

key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 23. Standard errors for short-term disability plans:

Method of funding, state and local government workers,

March 2021

Characteristics

Noncommercially

insured1

Insured2

All workers ............................................................. 1.3 1.3

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 2.0 2.0

Professional and related .................................... 2.3 2.3

Teachers ........................................................ 3.0 3.0

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 3.4 3.4

Service ................................................................... 2.9 2.9

Protective service .............................................. 3.1 3.1

Sales and office ..................................................... 2.8 2.8

Office and administrative support ...................... 2.9 2.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 5.6 5.6

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 6.0 6.0

Full time ................................................................. 1.4 1.4

Part time ................................................................ 4.6 4.6

Union ..................................................................... 2.2 2.2

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.9 1.9

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2.8 2.8

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 5.4 5.4

Second 25 percent ............................................ 3.0 3.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 2.5 2.5

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 3.3 3.3

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 4.0 4.0

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.3 1.3

Education and health services ........................... 1.7 1.7

Educational services ...................................... 1.6 1.6

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 2.4 2.4

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 4.9 4.9

Health care and social assistance ................. 5.8 5.8

Hospitals .................................................... 6.7 6.7

Public administration ......................................... 3.1 3.1

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 4.4 4.4

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 6.0 6.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 4.7 4.7

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.8 1.8

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 4.3 4.3

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.3 2.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. Standard errors for short-term disability plans:

Method of funding, state and local government workers,

March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Noncommercially

insured1

Insured2

State government .................................................. 3.2 3.2

Local government .................................................. 1.6 1.6

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.2 2.2

New England ..................................................... 11.8 11.8

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.8 1.8

South ..................................................................... 2.1 2.1

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.9 2.9

West South Central ........................................... 5.1 5.1

Midwest ................................................................. 3.1 3.1

East North Central ............................................. 3.4 3.4

West North Central ............................................ 3.7 3.7

West ...................................................................... 3.1 3.1

Mountain ............................................................ 6.0 6.0

Pacific ................................................................ 4.0 4.0

1 Employer assumes all risks and expenses of providing the benefit. 2 An entity other than the establishment assumes the risk for providing the benefit. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for

the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. 

The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March

2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 24. Short-term disability plans: Employee contribution

requirement, state and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 12 88

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 10 90

Professional and related .................................... 10 90

Teachers ........................................................ 10 90

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 9 91

Service ................................................................... 19 81

Protective service .............................................. 18 82

Sales and office ..................................................... 14 86

Office and administrative support ...................... 15 85

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 6 94

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 13 87

Full time ................................................................. 12 88

Part time ................................................................ 22 78

Union ..................................................................... 16 84

Nonunion ............................................................... 8 92

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 12 88

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 13 87

Second 25 percent ............................................ 11 89

Third 25 percent ................................................ 12 88

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 13 87

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 13 87

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 12 88

Education and health services ........................... 12 88

Educational services ...................................... 11 89

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 11 89

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 13 87

Public administration ......................................... 14 86

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 4 96

100 workers or more .............................................. 14 86

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 19 81

500 workers or more .......................................... 12 88

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Short-term disability plans: Employee contribution

requirement, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

State government .................................................. 12 88

Local government .................................................. 12 88

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 35 65

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 37 63

South ..................................................................... 5 95

South Atlantic .................................................... 5 95

Midwest ................................................................. 6 94

East North Central ............................................. 7 93

West ...................................................................... 6 94

Pacific ................................................................ 6 94

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major plans,

key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 24. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Employee

contribution requirement, state and local government workers, March

2021

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 1.2 1.2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.1 1.1

Professional and related .................................... 1.2 1.2

Teachers ........................................................ 1.8 1.8

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.7 1.7

Service ................................................................... 3.4 3.4

Protective service .............................................. 4.0 4.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 2.6 2.6

Office and administrative support ...................... 2.8 2.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.7 2.7

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 3.5 3.5

Full time ................................................................. 1.3 1.3

Part time ................................................................ 3.7 3.7

Union ..................................................................... 2.0 2.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.1 1.1

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.6 1.6

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.6 1.6

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.7 1.7

Third 25 percent ................................................ 2.0 2.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 1.4

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.3 2.3

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.2 1.2

Education and health services ........................... 1.7 1.7

Educational services ...................................... 1.8 1.8

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.9 1.9

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.7 2.7

Public administration ......................................... 1.8 1.8

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.0 2.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.4 1.4

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 3.1 3.1

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.4 1.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Employee

contribution requirement, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

State government .................................................. 2.1 2.1

Local government .................................................. 1.3 1.3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 3.0 3.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.9 2.9

South ..................................................................... 1.4 1.4

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.9 1.9

Midwest ................................................................. 1.8 1.8

East North Central ............................................. 1.9 1.9

West ...................................................................... 2.3 2.3

Pacific ................................................................ 2.7 2.7

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 25. Short-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment, state and local

government workers, March 2021

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics Flat dollar

amounts

Dollar

amount

varies

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Other

All workers ............................................................. – – 89 8 2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ – – 87 10 3

Professional and related .................................... – – 87 10 3

Teachers ........................................................ – – 83 12 5

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – – 84 – 5

Service ................................................................... – – 94 4 –

Protective service .............................................. – – 96 3 –

Sales and office ..................................................... – – 93 6 –

Office and administrative support ...................... – – 93 6 –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – – 89 8 –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... – – 77 – –

Full time ................................................................. – – 89 8 1

Part time ................................................................ – – 89 7 –

Union ..................................................................... – – 88 8 3

Nonunion ............................................................... – – 90 9 –

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. – – 94 5 –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – – 95 – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ – – 91 8 –

Third 25 percent ................................................ – – 87 9 –

Highest 25 percent ............................................ – – 85 11 4

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – – 83 14 –

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. – – 89 8 2

Education and health services ........................... – – 87 10 3

Educational services ...................................... – – 87 11 3

Elementary and secondary schools ........... – – 88 8 3

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – – 82 16 –

Health care and social assistance ................. – – 90 7 –

Hospitals .................................................... – – 89 7 –

Public administration ......................................... – – 94 6 –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... – – 88 8 –

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – – 89 – –

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – – 88 – –

100 workers or more .............................................. – – 89 9 1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – – 92 5 –

500 workers or more .......................................... – – 88 10 –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 25. Short-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment, state and local

government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics Flat dollar

amounts

Dollar

amount

varies

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Other

State government .................................................. – – 88 9 –

Local government .................................................. – – 89 8 1

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... – – 95 – –

New England ..................................................... – – 66 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... – – 97 – –

South ..................................................................... – – 86 12 –

South Atlantic .................................................... – – 82 16 –

East South Central ............................................ – – 97 – –

West South Central ........................................... – – 96 – –

Midwest ................................................................. – – 81 18 –

East North Central ............................................. – – 79 19 –

West ...................................................................... – – 94 2 4

Mountain ............................................................ – – 95 – –

Pacific ................................................................ – – 94 – 6

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not

meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit

Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 25. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment,

state and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics Flat dollar

amounts

Dollar

amount

varies

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Other

All workers ............................................................. – – 1.3 1.1 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ – – 1.7 1.7 0.9

Professional and related .................................... – – 1.9 1.8 1.1

Teachers ........................................................ – – 3.1 2.4 1.8

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – – 4.3 – 1.7

Service ................................................................... – – 1.6 1.4 –

Protective service .............................................. – – 1.9 1.6 –

Sales and office ..................................................... – – 1.5 1.3 –

Office and administrative support ...................... – – 1.6 1.3 –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – – 3.9 2.8 –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... – – 5.8 – –

Full time ................................................................. – – 1.3 1.2 0.5

Part time ................................................................ – – 3.5 2.2 –

Union ..................................................................... – – 1.6 1.3 0.9

Nonunion ............................................................... – – 1.7 1.6 –

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. – – 1.4 1.3 –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – – 1.6 – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ – – 2.0 1.9 –

Third 25 percent ................................................ – – 2.3 2.1 –

Highest 25 percent ............................................ – – 1.8 1.5 1.4

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – – 2.2 2.3 –

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. – – 1.3 1.2 0.6

Education and health services ........................... – – 1.9 1.9 1.0

Educational services ...................................... – – 2.3 2.2 1.0

Elementary and secondary schools ........... – – 2.6 2.3 1.2

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – – 3.0 3.3 –

Health care and social assistance ................. – – 1.7 2.3 –

Hospitals .................................................... – – 1.9 2.6 –

Public administration ......................................... – – 1.6 1.6 –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... – – 3.2 2.4 –

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – – 4.3 – –

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – – 4.4 – –

100 workers or more .............................................. – – 1.7 1.6 0.7

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – – 2.6 2.3 –

500 workers or more .......................................... – – 2.2 2.1 –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 25. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment,

state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics Flat dollar

amounts

Dollar

amount

varies

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Other

State government .................................................. – – 1.8 1.2 –

Local government .................................................. – – 1.7 1.5 0.5

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... – – 1.5 – –

New England ..................................................... – – 8.4 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... – – 1.6 – –

South ..................................................................... – – 3.2 3.2 –

South Atlantic .................................................... – – 4.4 4.2 –

East South Central ............................................ – – 2.4 – –

West South Central ........................................... – – 2.2 – –

Midwest ................................................................. – – 2.6 2.0 –

East North Central ............................................. – – 2.8 2.2 –

West ...................................................................... – – 1.5 0.5 1.5

Mountain ............................................................ – – 1.2 – –

Pacific ................................................................ – – 2.1 – 2.0

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 26. Short-term disability plans: Duration of

benefits, state and local government workers, March

2021

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics Fixed

duration

Duration

varies

All workers ............................................................. 87 13

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 88 12

Professional and related .................................... 89 11

Teachers ........................................................ 92 8

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 90 10

Service ................................................................... 90 10

Protective service .............................................. 94 6

Sales and office ..................................................... 83 17

Office and administrative support ...................... 83 17

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 90 10

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 68 32

Full time ................................................................. 88 12

Part time ................................................................ 79 21

Union ..................................................................... 87 13

Nonunion ............................................................... 88 12

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 84 16

Second 25 percent ............................................ 88 12

Third 25 percent ................................................ 88 12

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 88 12

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 93 7

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 87 13

Education and health services ........................... 87 13

Educational services ...................................... 89 11

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 85 15

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 98 2

Public administration ......................................... 88 12

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 87 13

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 89 11

100 workers or more .............................................. 87 13

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 88 12

500 workers or more .......................................... 87 13

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 26. Short-term disability plans: Duration of

benefits, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers with short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics Fixed

duration

Duration

varies

State government .................................................. 94 6

Local government .................................................. 85 15

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 93 7

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 93 7

Midwest ................................................................. 59 41

East North Central ............................................. 57 43

West ...................................................................... 93 7

Pacific ................................................................ 94 6

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average

wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated

using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions

of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 26. Standard errors for short-term disability plans:

Duration of benefits, state and local government workers,

March 2021

Characteristics Fixed

duration

Duration

varies

All workers ............................................................. 1.2 1.2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.6 1.6

Professional and related .................................... 1.8 1.8

Teachers ........................................................ 1.7 1.7

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.5 2.5

Service ................................................................... 1.1 1.1

Protective service .............................................. 1.2 1.2

Sales and office ..................................................... 2.5 2.5

Office and administrative support ...................... 2.6 2.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.3 2.3

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 6.4 6.4

Full time ................................................................. 1.1 1.1

Part time ................................................................ 4.7 4.7

Union ..................................................................... 1.5 1.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 2.3 2.3

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2.5 2.5

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2.0 2.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 2.0 2.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.5 1.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.9 1.9

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.2 1.2

Education and health services ........................... 1.9 1.9

Educational services ...................................... 1.2 1.2

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.9 1.9

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 0.8 0.8

Public administration ......................................... 1.5 1.5

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 3.1 3.1

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 3.2 3.2

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.4 1.4

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2.7 2.7

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.0 2.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 26. Standard errors for short-term disability plans:

Duration of benefits, state and local government workers,

March 2021—continued

Characteristics Fixed

duration

Duration

varies

State government .................................................. 1.8 1.8

Local government .................................................. 1.3 1.3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.1 1.1

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.1 1.1

Midwest ................................................................. 2.8 2.8

East North Central ............................................. 2.7 2.7

West ...................................................................... 2.5 2.5

Pacific ................................................................ 2.5 2.5

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average

wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated

using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 27. Short-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, state and local government workers, March

2021

(All workers with fixed percent of annual earnings short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

50 percent 50 percent 51 to 59percent 60 percent 61 to 69percent

Greater

than 69

percent

All workers ............................................................. – 36 – 25 20 12 60.1 60.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ – 38 – 21 22 11 60.1 60.0

Professional and related .................................... – 37 – 23 23 12 60.4 60.0

Teachers ........................................................ – 40 – 15 28 12 61.3 60.0

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 39 – 18 31 10 61.1 60.0

Service ................................................................... – 33 – 32 19 13 60.4 60.0

Protective service .............................................. – 33 – 31 21 12 60.1 60.0

Sales and office ..................................................... – 37 – 23 20 11 59.2 60.0

Office and administrative support ...................... – 37 9 23 19 – 59.3 60.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 27 – 37 – – 61.9 60.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... – 41 – 37 14 – 58.7 60.0

Full time ................................................................. – 35 – 26 21 12 60.2 60.0

Part time ................................................................ – 53 9 14 – – 57.4 50.0

Union ..................................................................... – 30 10 19 30 11 61.2 60.0

Nonunion ............................................................... – 41 – 31 12 13 59.1 60.0

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. – 44 – 32 13 11 58.2 60.0

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 44 – 33 – – 58.3 60.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ – 34 – 27 20 11 60.1 60.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ – 39 – 26 21 11 59.6 60.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ – 28 – 19 26 15 61.9 60.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – 25 15 – 31 14 62.6 60.0

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. – 36 – 25 21 12 60.0 60.0

Education and health services ........................... – 36 – 21 20 12 60.3 60.0

Educational services ...................................... – 40 – 14 23 13 60.3 60.0

Elementary and secondary schools ........... – 44 5 16 27 9 59.9 60.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 32 21 – 15 19 61.0 55.0

Health care and social assistance ................. – – – 46 – 12 60.2 60.0

Hospitals .................................................... – – – 43 – 11 59.5 60.0

Public administration ......................................... – 38 – 27 21 13 59.8 60.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... – 52 – 29 – – 56.6 50.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 49 – 29 – – 57.6 58.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 56 – 29 – – 55.5 50.0

100 workers or more .............................................. – 32 – 25 23 13 60.9 60.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – 43 – 25 22 – 58.7 60.0

500 workers or more .......................................... – 28 – 25 23 15 61.7 60.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 27. Short-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers with fixed percent of annual earnings short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

50 percent 50 percent 51 to 59percent 60 percent 61 to 69percent

Greater

than 69

percent

State government .................................................. – 32 14 28 – 16 60.3 60.0

Local government .................................................. – 38 3 25 24 10 60.0 60.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... – 23 – 10 47 – 63.5 67.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... – 24 – 8 49 – 63.1 67.0

South ..................................................................... – 48 – 31 10 11 58.9 60.0

South Atlantic .................................................... – 63 – – 8 10 56.9 50.0

East South Central ............................................ – – – 59 – – 66.8 60.0

West South Central ........................................... – – – 57 – – 61.9 60.0

Midwest ................................................................. – 46 – 18 14 22 60.5 60.0

East North Central ............................................. – 49 – 16 13 22 60.4 60.0

West ...................................................................... – 27 18 38 13 4 57.9 60.0

Mountain ............................................................ – – – 69 – – 60.9 60.0

Pacific ................................................................ – 36 26 24 9 4 56.6 55.0

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of

major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 27. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, state and local

government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

50 percent 50 percent 51 to 59percent 60 percent 61 to 69percent

Greater

than 69

percent

All workers ............................................................. – 1.7 – 1.9 1.3 1.5 0.5 0.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ – 2.3 – 2.1 2.0 1.1 0.5 0.0

Professional and related .................................... – 2.8 – 2.2 2.2 1.2 0.6 0.0

Teachers ........................................................ – 3.8 – 2.2 3.7 2.1 1.1 0.5

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 4.4 – 2.8 3.9 2.4 1.2 0.0

Service ................................................................... – 2.5 – 3.6 2.7 3.0 0.8 0.0

Protective service .............................................. – 2.9 – 4.9 4.3 3.1 0.7 0.0

Sales and office ..................................................... – 3.0 – 3.3 2.6 3.2 0.8 0.5

Office and administrative support ...................... – 3.0 2.8 3.1 2.9 – 0.8 0.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – 4.5 – 6.9 – – 1.4 0.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... – 8.3 – 6.8 3.2 – 1.7 2.0

Full time ................................................................. – 1.7 – 2.0 1.4 1.4 0.4 0.0

Part time ................................................................ – 7.5 2.3 3.3 – – 1.9 4.5

Union ..................................................................... – 2.2 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.1 0.6 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... – 2.7 – 2.6 1.7 1.7 0.6 0.0

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. – 3.4 – 3.2 2.3 2.6 0.8 0.0

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 7.5 – 6.4 – – 1.7 4.8

Second 25 percent ............................................ – 3.3 – 3.1 2.1 2.0 0.8 0.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ – 3.9 – 3.2 3.0 1.6 0.7 0.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ – 2.1 – 2.4 2.6 2.2 0.8 0.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – 3.2 3.1 – 3.2 3.0 1.2 1.9

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. – 1.7 – 1.9 1.4 1.5 0.5 0.0

Education and health services ........................... – 2.3 – 2.4 1.9 1.3 0.6 0.0

Educational services ...................................... – 2.1 – 1.8 2.0 1.5 0.7 3.3

Elementary and secondary schools ........... – 2.8 1.1 2.5 2.5 1.9 0.8 2.3

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – 3.0 2.4 – 2.7 2.7 1.2 2.4

Health care and social assistance ................. – – – 9.1 – 3.0 1.3 0.0

Hospitals .................................................... – – – 10.6 – 1.4 1.2 0.0

Public administration ......................................... – 2.4 – 2.6 2.0 3.4 0.8 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... – 4.1 – 4.5 – – 0.8 7.4

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 5.6 – 6.5 – – 1.3 10.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 5.0 – 5.6 – – 0.8 0.0

100 workers or more .............................................. – 2.2 – 2.4 1.5 1.6 0.6 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – 5.0 – 4.1 4.8 – 1.4 1.2

500 workers or more .......................................... – 2.7 – 2.7 1.7 1.8 0.7 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 27. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, state and local

government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

50 percent 50 percent 51 to 59percent 60 percent 61 to 69percent

Greater

than 69

percent

State government .................................................. – 2.1 1.7 2.5 – 2.4 0.8 0.0

Local government .................................................. – 2.1 0.8 2.4 1.6 1.6 0.5 0.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... – 2.5 – 2.2 2.6 – 1.2 0.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... – 2.8 – 2.2 2.5 – 1.2 0.0

South ..................................................................... – 4.4 – 4.4 2.3 1.8 0.9 8.6

South Atlantic .................................................... – 6.4 – – 2.0 1.4 0.8 0.0

East South Central ............................................ – – – 16.2 – – 1.7 4.9

West South Central ........................................... – – – 6.0 – – 3.2 0.0

Midwest ................................................................. – 3.1 – 2.8 3.4 3.1 1.0 0.0

East North Central ............................................. – 2.9 – 2.8 3.6 3.3 1.1 9.5

West ...................................................................... – 2.7 2.9 3.5 2.7 1.3 0.4 0.0

Mountain ............................................................ – – – 5.9 – – 0.3 0.0

Pacific ................................................................ – 3.1 4.0 3.7 2.6 1.2 0.5 0.9

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 28. Short-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, state and local government workers,

March 2021

(All workers with fixed percent of annual earnings short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum weekly benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 75 $170 $200 $650 $903 $1,500 25

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 80 170 200 650 881 1,500 20

Professional and related .................................... 80 170 200 650 831 1,500 20

Teachers ........................................................ 84 170 225 692 692 1,000 16

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 85 200 225 692 692 1,000 15

Service ................................................................... 73 170 200 633 1,000 2,310 27

Protective service .............................................. 75 135 185 615 1,000 2,310 25

Sales and office ..................................................... 71 170 200 604 903 1,500 29

Office and administrative support ...................... 70 170 200 604 903 1,500 30

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 67 170 – – 1,500 1,500 33

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 61 170 170 – 750 1,000 39

Full time ................................................................. 76 170 200 692 923 1,500 24

Part time ................................................................ 68 170 170 – 692 923 32

Union ..................................................................... 77 135 173 200 739 1,000 23

Nonunion ............................................................... 74 200 519 692 1,000 2,000 26

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 71 170 – 692 923 1,500 29

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 73 – – 692 1,000 1,500 27

Second 25 percent ............................................ 72 170 200 615 923 1,500 28

Third 25 percent ................................................ 79 170 – 692 1,000 1,750 21

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 78 135 185 – 800 1,173 22

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 82 135 185 200 650 903 18

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 75 170 200 650 903 1,500 25

Education and health services ........................... 78 185 200 692 923 1,500 22

Educational services ...................................... 79 173 200 650 692 1,000 21

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 76 170 200 615 692 1,150 24

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 84 185 185 650 692 923 16

Health care and social assistance ................. 75 185 – 903 – – 25

Hospitals .................................................... 74 185 – 961 2,000 – 26

Public administration ......................................... 71 135 200 600 903 1,500 29

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 70 125 135 576 692 1,500 30

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 63 125 135 594 – – 37

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 78 125 – 576 692 1,270 22

100 workers or more .............................................. 77 170 200 650 923 1,500 23

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 74 170 – 692 1,000 1,000 26

500 workers or more .......................................... 78 185 200 604 923 1,750 22

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 28. Short-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, state and local government workers,

March 2021—continued

(All workers with fixed percent of annual earnings short-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum weekly benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

State government .................................................. 84 $135 $185 $650 $800 – 16

Local government .................................................. 72 170 200 625 1,000 $1,500 28

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 94 170 170 200 650 903 6

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 96 170 170 200 615 903 4

South ..................................................................... 80 500 576 692 692 1,750 20

South Atlantic .................................................... 84 500 692 692 692 2,000 16

West South Central ........................................... 76 500 520 576 – – 24

Midwest ................................................................. 35 – – 923 1,270 1,750 65

East North Central ............................................. 31 – 923 923 1,270 – 69

West ...................................................................... 80 135 185 570 1,173 – 20

Mountain ............................................................ 77 800 1,160 1,500 2,310 2,310 23

Pacific ................................................................ 81 125 135 185 650 1,000 19

1 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile,

one-fourth of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 28. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, state and local

government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum weekly benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 1.6 $0.00 $0.00 $43.38 $28.83 $0.00 1.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.8 4.74 0.00 60.99 99.51 321.92 1.8

Professional and related .................................... 1.9 0.00 0.00 60.47 90.45 325.74 1.9

Teachers ........................................................ 2.3 20.85 10.20 50.68 0.00 0.00 2.3

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.8 19.74 9.12 68.39 47.33 0.00 2.8

Service ................................................................... 2.4 23.03 16.19 39.25 156.50 164.23 2.4

Protective service .............................................. 3.1 0.00 28.71 53.58 265.46 13.66 3.1

Sales and office ..................................................... 3.2 9.58 2.74 66.12 215.15 316.37 3.2

Office and administrative support ...................... 3.0 7.24 6.70 43.17 228.80 280.22 3.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 7.6 0.00 – – 446.04 0.00 7.6

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 6.9 0.00 0.00 – 103.69 110.11 6.9

Full time ................................................................. 1.6 0.00 0.00 61.01 18.33 78.21 1.6

Part time ................................................................ 4.5 46.50 0.00 – 134.85 86.41 4.5

Union ..................................................................... 2.1 0.00 17.45 31.61 102.31 121.25 2.1

Nonunion ............................................................... 2.8 32.77 44.04 0.00 26.34 232.66 2.8

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2.7 0.55 – 13.27 100.47 154.17 2.7

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 5.2 – – 43.32 95.35 218.09 5.2

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2.8 26.59 17.67 55.38 72.13 179.82 2.8

Third 25 percent ................................................ 2.9 0.00 – 0.00 98.33 220.97 2.9

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 2.1 32.57 0.00 – 66.66 239.11 2.1

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.8 28.56 0.00 12.07 52.54 31.71 2.8

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.6 0.00 0.00 43.65 23.97 0.00 1.6

Education and health services ........................... 1.8 11.38 6.45 39.82 60.14 236.07 1.8

Educational services ...................................... 1.5 17.47 0.00 20.83 0.00 116.13 1.5

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 2.5 14.99 6.45 72.40 0.00 173.29 2.5

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 3.4 3.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.4

Health care and social assistance ................. 6.5 0.00 – 66.67 – – 6.5

Hospitals .................................................... 7.6 24.14 – 63.98 482.80 – 7.6

Public administration ......................................... 3.4 0.00 0.00 39.57 92.19 102.41 3.4

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 5.4 9.12 21.18 104.46 145.53 234.35 5.4

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 9.0 7.52 12.77 134.23 – – 9.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 4.4 12.24 – 148.79 176.68 298.52 4.4

100 workers or more .............................................. 2.0 6.12 0.00 47.75 15.91 165.36 2.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 3.7 7.24 – 21.59 93.85 0.00 3.7

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.6 16.57 0.00 40.46 29.92 366.99 2.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 28. Standard errors for short-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, state and local

government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum weekly benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

State government .................................................. 2.2 $0.00 $0.00 $41.06 $201.72 – 2.2

Local government .................................................. 2.2 0.00 0.00 59.42 10.06 $0.00 2.2

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.4 0.00 17.95 0.00 55.53 27.23 2.4

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.4 0.00 14.74 0.00 45.46 55.85 1.4

South ..................................................................... 3.6 0.00 51.97 0.00 33.64 350.42 3.6

South Atlantic .................................................... 4.5 12.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 203.20 4.5

West South Central ........................................... 5.9 14.71 52.17 43.23 – – 5.9

Midwest ................................................................. 4.6 – – 19.87 316.87 465.80 4.6

East North Central ............................................. 4.5 – 175.76 0.00 357.73 – 4.5

West ...................................................................... 2.5 0.00 51.31 136.06 271.66 – 2.5

Mountain ............................................................ 5.1 213.46 294.20 51.20 0.00 0.00 5.1

Pacific ................................................................ 2.8 8.75 0.00 0.00 136.65 12.23 2.8

1 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile,

one-fourth of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 29. Long-term disability plans: Employee contribution

requirement, state and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers with long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 17 83

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 19 81

Professional and related .................................... 20 80

Teachers ........................................................ 23 77

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 27 73

Service ................................................................... 12 88

Sales and office ..................................................... 14 86

Office and administrative support ...................... 14 86

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 12 88

Full time ................................................................. 16 84

Part time ................................................................ 19 81

Union ..................................................................... 16 84

Nonunion ............................................................... 17 83

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 17 83

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 20 80

Second 25 percent ............................................ 12 88

Third 25 percent ................................................ 18 82

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 18 82

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 16 84

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 16 84

Education and health services ........................... 19 81

Educational services ...................................... 20 80

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 23 77

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 12 88

Health care and social assistance ................. 13 87

Public administration ......................................... 13 87

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 21 79

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 17 83

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 24 76

100 workers or more .............................................. 15 85

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 18 82

500 workers or more .......................................... 14 86

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 29. Long-term disability plans: Employee contribution

requirement, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers with long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

State government .................................................. 18 82

Local government .................................................. 16 84

Geographic areas

South ..................................................................... 14 86

South Atlantic .................................................... 17 83

Midwest ................................................................. 25 75

East North Central ............................................. 32 68

West North Central ............................................ 6 94

West ...................................................................... 13 87

Mountain ............................................................ 27 73

Pacific ................................................................ 3 97

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major plans,

key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 29. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Employee

contribution requirement, state and local government workers, March

2021

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

All workers ............................................................. 0.9 0.9

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.2 1.2

Professional and related .................................... 1.4 1.4

Teachers ........................................................ 1.7 1.7

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.4 2.4

Service ................................................................... 3.0 3.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.7 1.7

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.8 1.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 3.4 3.4

Full time ................................................................. 0.9 0.9

Part time ................................................................ 4.2 4.2

Union ..................................................................... 1.3 1.3

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.3 1.3

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.5 1.5

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.4 2.4

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.8 1.8

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.9 1.9

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.5 1.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.7 2.7

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.0 1.0

Education and health services ........................... 1.0 1.0

Educational services ...................................... 1.1 1.1

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.7 1.7

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.1 2.1

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.1 3.1

Public administration ......................................... 2.1 2.1

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 3.0 3.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 4.0 4.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 4.5 4.5

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.1 1.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 3.0 3.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.2 1.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 29. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Employee

contribution requirement, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Employee

contribution

required

Employee

contribution not

required

State government .................................................. 2.3 2.3

Local government .................................................. 1.2 1.2

Geographic areas

South ..................................................................... 1.1 1.1

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.2 1.2

Midwest ................................................................. 2.0 2.0

East North Central ............................................. 2.7 2.7

West North Central ............................................ 1.7 1.7

West ...................................................................... 1.6 1.6

Mountain ............................................................ 3.5 3.5

Pacific ................................................................ 1.1 1.1

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 30. Long-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment, state and

local government workers, March 2021

(All workers with long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amounts Other

All workers ............................................................. 97 2 – –

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 97 1 – –

Professional and related .................................... 97 – 1 –

Teachers ........................................................ 97 – 2 –

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 96 – 2 –

Service ................................................................... 97 – – –

Protective service .............................................. 97 – – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 98 2 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 98 2 – –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 98 – – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 96 – – –

Full time ................................................................. 97 2 – –

Part time ................................................................ 97 – – –

Union ..................................................................... 97 – 1 –

Nonunion ............................................................... 97 2 – –

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 98 1 – –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 99 – – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 97 2 – –

Third 25 percent ................................................ 98 2 – –

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 96 – 2 –

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 96 – 3 –

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 97 2 – –

Education and health services ........................... 97 2 – –

Educational services ...................................... 96 2 – –

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 96 – 2 –

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 97 – – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 99 – – –

Hospitals .................................................... 98 – – –

Public administration ......................................... 98 2 – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 96 – 3 –

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 95 – – –

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 97 – – –

100 workers or more .............................................. 98 2 – –

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 96 2 – –

500 workers or more .......................................... 98 2 – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 30. Long-term disability plans: Method of benefit payment, state and

local government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amounts Other

State government .................................................. 96 4 – –

Local government .................................................. 98 – 1 –

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 92 – 8 –

New England ..................................................... 100 – – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 90 – – –

South ..................................................................... 100 – – –

South Atlantic .................................................... 100 – – –

East South Central ............................................ 99 – – –

West South Central ........................................... 99 – – –

Midwest ................................................................. 95 5 – –

East North Central ............................................. 94 6 – –

West North Central ............................................ 98 – – –

West ...................................................................... 98 – – –

Mountain ............................................................ 100 – – –

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category

or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 30. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Method of benefit

payment, state and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amounts Other

All workers ............................................................. 0.5 0.3 – –

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.6 0.3 – –

Professional and related .................................... 0.6 – 0.4 –

Teachers ........................................................ 1.0 – 0.7 –

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.3 – 0.9 –

Service ................................................................... 1.5 – – –

Protective service .............................................. 2.0 – – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.7 0.6 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.8 0.6 – –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.1 – – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 1.8 – – –

Full time ................................................................. 0.5 0.3 – –

Part time ................................................................ 1.7 – – –

Union ..................................................................... 0.8 – 0.5 –

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.5 0.5 – –

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.5 0.5 – –

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 0.4 – – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.8 0.7 – –

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.4 0.4 – –

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.0 – 0.7 –

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.1 – 1.1 –

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.5 0.3 – –

Education and health services ........................... 0.7 0.4 – –

Educational services ...................................... 0.8 0.4 – –

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.1 – 0.7 –

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 0.6 – – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.1 – – –

Hospitals .................................................... 1.4 – – –

Public administration ......................................... 0.8 0.8 – –

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.2 – 1.1 –

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.9 – – –

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.8 – – –

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.5 0.4 – –

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.3 1.0 – –

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.4 0.3 – –

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 30. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Method of benefit

payment, state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Percent

varies by

annual

earnings

Flat dollar

amounts Other

State government .................................................. 0.7 0.7 – –

Local government .................................................. 0.6 – 0.3 –

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.2 – 2.2 –

New England ..................................................... 0.0 – – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 3.3 – – –

South ..................................................................... 0.2 – – –

South Atlantic .................................................... 0.2 – – –

East South Central ............................................ 0.7 – – –

West South Central ........................................... 0.8 – – –

Midwest ................................................................. 1.0 1.0 – –

East North Central ............................................. 1.3 1.3 – –

West North Central ............................................ 1.3 – – –

West ...................................................................... 1.2 – – –

Mountain ............................................................ 0.1 – – –

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 31. Long-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, state and local government

workers, March 2021

(All workers with a fixed percent of annual earnings long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

60 percent 60 percent 61 to 66percent 67 percent

Greater

than 67

percent

All workers ............................................................. 18 43 20 17 2 60.3 60.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 17 40 24 18 2 60.3 60.0

Professional and related .................................... 17 39 24 17 2 60.4 60.0

Teachers ........................................................ 16 34 28 19 3 60.7 62.0

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 17 27 28 24 4 60.8 63.0

Service ................................................................... 21 48 13 15 3 59.8 60.0

Protective service .............................................. 24 47 – 17 – 59.5 60.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 17 47 19 – – 60.2 60.0

Office and administrative support ...................... – 46 19 17 – 60.3 60.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 16 52 – 19 – 60.3 60.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... – 49 – 23 – 61.4 60.0

Full time ................................................................. 17 43 20 18 2 60.3 60.0

Part time ................................................................ 23 36 26 – – 60.5 60.0

Union ..................................................................... 22 43 12 20 3 59.7 60.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 14 42 28 15 1 60.8 60.0

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 16 44 24 14 1 60.5 60.0

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 44 24 16 – 60.7 60.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ 17 48 19 15 1 60.2 60.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 19 38 23 18 2 60.2 60.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 18 42 17 21 3 60.2 60.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – 47 19 18 – 60.3 60.0

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 18 43 20 17 2 60.3 60.0

Education and health services ........................... 17 41 25 15 2 60.4 60.0

Educational services ...................................... 15 38 27 17 3 60.9 60.0

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 16 30 28 23 4 61.3 63.0

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 13 53 27 – – 60.4 60.0

Health care and social assistance ................. – 54 15 – – 58.0 60.0

Hospitals .................................................... – 59 11 – – 57.9 60.0

Public administration ......................................... 20 45 – 21 – 60.0 60.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 14 20 35 29 2 62.5 65.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 13 28 33 26 – 61.9 65.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 15 14 37 30 3 62.9 65.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 19 49 16 14 2 59.7 60.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 16 42 20 17 5 60.6 60.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 20 51 15 13 1 59.3 60.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 31. Long-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, state and local government

workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with a fixed percent of annual earnings long-term disability coverage = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

60 percent 60 percent 61 to 66percent 67 percent

Greater

than 67

percent

State government .................................................. – 42 30 14 – 60.8 60.0

Local government .................................................. 19 43 17 18 2 60.1 60.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... – 56 – 12 – 60.0 60.0

New England ..................................................... – 52 – – – 59.2 60.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... – 57 – 12 – 60.4 60.0

South ..................................................................... 8 48 38 – – 61.0 60.0

South Atlantic .................................................... – 37 50 4 – 61.4 62.0

East South Central ............................................ – 70 – – – 60.1 60.0

West South Central ........................................... – 76 – 9 – 60.1 60.0

Midwest ................................................................. 35 34 8 18 5 58.0 60.0

East North Central ............................................. 43 23 8 21 5 57.3 60.0

West North Central ............................................ 16 58 8 – – 59.9 60.0

West ...................................................................... – 43 15 32 – 61.9 60.0

Mountain ............................................................ 5 40 – 46 – 63.3 66.0

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 31. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, state and local

government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

60 percent 60 percent 61 to 66percent 67 percent

Greater

than 67

percent

All workers ............................................................. 1.4 1.9 1.3 1.7 0.3 0.3 0.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.7 2.1 1.9 2.0 0.3 0.4 0.0

Professional and related .................................... 1.8 2.4 2.3 2.1 0.3 0.4 0.0

Teachers ........................................................ 1.7 2.6 3.0 2.7 0.8 0.5 2.9

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.2 3.2 3.8 3.5 1.2 0.7 2.6

Service ................................................................... 3.1 3.5 2.2 2.5 0.9 0.5 0.0

Protective service .............................................. 5.4 5.0 – 4.1 – 0.7 0.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.9 2.7 2.2 – – 0.4 0.0

Office and administrative support ...................... – 2.9 2.3 2.8 – 0.4 0.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 3.3 5.6 – 5.0 – 0.6 0.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... – 7.9 – 7.0 – 0.8 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 1.4 2.0 1.4 1.7 0.4 0.3 0.0

Part time ................................................................ 5.4 5.4 4.7 – – 1.1 0.0

Union ..................................................................... 2.0 2.3 1.4 2.5 0.4 0.4 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 2.1 3.1 2.0 1.6 0.3 0.4 0.0

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2.0 2.9 1.5 2.2 0.6 0.3 0.0

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... – 4.7 1.8 3.5 – 0.6 0.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2.2 2.9 2.5 2.1 0.5 0.5 0.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 2.6 3.2 3.3 2.1 0.4 0.5 0.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.6 2.2 1.8 3.0 0.7 0.4 0.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – 3.8 2.3 4.1 – 0.5 0.0

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.4 1.9 1.3 1.7 0.3 0.3 0.0

Education and health services ........................... 1.8 2.3 1.7 2.0 0.4 0.4 0.0

Educational services ...................................... 1.0 2.1 1.9 2.3 0.5 0.3 0.0

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.5 2.7 2.5 3.3 0.9 0.5 1.7

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.5 1.8 1.7 – – 0.5 0.0

Health care and social assistance ................. – 7.9 2.5 – – 1.3 0.0

Hospitals .................................................... – 8.6 1.6 – – 1.4 0.0

Public administration ......................................... 2.9 3.9 – 3.6 – 0.6 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.7 2.2 3.6 4.3 0.3 0.6 0.8

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3.4 4.5 6.0 5.5 – 0.7 0.7

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 3.7 2.8 4.8 4.9 0.6 0.8 1.3

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.8 2.1 1.3 1.8 0.4 0.4 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 3.0 2.9 2.5 3.0 1.6 0.8 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.1 2.7 1.5 2.2 0.3 0.4 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 31. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Fixed percent of annual earnings, state and local

government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Fixed percent of annual earnings Mean fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Median

fixed

percent of

annual

earnings

Less than

60 percent 60 percent 61 to 66percent 67 percent

Greater

than 67

percent

State government .................................................. – 2.7 1.5 1.9 – 0.4 0.0

Local government .................................................. 1.8 2.3 1.6 2.1 0.5 0.4 0.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... – 5.3 – 2.8 – 0.8 0.0

New England ..................................................... – 14.4 – – – 2.2 0.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... – 5.2 – 2.6 – 0.5 0.0

South ..................................................................... 3.0 4.2 2.7 – – 0.5 0.0

South Atlantic .................................................... – 5.3 2.9 2.0 – 0.7 0.9

East South Central ............................................ – 4.1 – – – 0.9 0.0

West South Central ........................................... – 6.0 – 2.3 – 0.5 0.0

Midwest ................................................................. 2.0 2.3 1.6 3.0 0.9 0.5 0.0

East North Central ............................................. 2.3 1.9 2.1 3.3 1.0 0.6 0.0

West North Central ............................................ 4.1 5.6 1.8 – – 1.0 0.0

West ...................................................................... – 3.8 1.8 4.6 – 0.6 3.5

Mountain ............................................................ 2.5 7.2 – 6.2 – 0.6 4.6

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 32. Long-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, state and local government workers,

March 2021

(All workers participating in fixed percent of annual earnings long-term disability plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum monthly benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 73 $2,500 $3,900 $5,000 $7,500 $10,000 27

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 73 – 3,900 5,000 7,500 10,000 27

Professional and related .................................... 74 – 3,900 5,000 7,500 10,000 26

Teachers ........................................................ 71 1,500 3,900 5,000 6,000 10,000 29

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 69 – 3,900 5,000 6,000 8,000 31

Service ................................................................... 73 – 3,900 5,000 6,250 10,000 27

Protective service .............................................. 74 3,102 3,900 5,000 6,000 10,000 26

Sales and office ..................................................... 74 – 3,900 5,000 7,500 10,000 26

Office and administrative support ...................... 73 2,500 3,900 5,000 8,000 10,000 27

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 73 3,000 5,000 5,000 8,500 12,000 27

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 68 3,900 5,000 5,000 6,000 10,000 32

Full time ................................................................. 74 2,500 3,900 5,000 7,500 10,000 26

Part time ................................................................ 59 – – 6,000 8,000 10,000 41

Union ..................................................................... 71 3,000 5,000 5,000 7,500 10,000 29

Nonunion ............................................................... 75 800 3,900 5,000 7,500 10,000 25

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 70 800 3,900 5,000 7,000 10,000 30

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 67 800 3,900 5,000 7,000 10,000 33

Second 25 percent ............................................ 74 2,500 3,900 5,000 7,200 10,000 26

Third 25 percent ................................................ 72 1,500 3,900 5,000 7,500 10,000 28

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 75 3,102 5,000 5,000 8,000 10,000 25

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 77 3,000 5,000 5,000 8,000 10,000 23

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 73 2,500 3,900 5,000 7,500 10,000 27

Education and health services ........................... 74 1,500 3,900 5,000 7,500 10,000 26

Educational services ...................................... 72 1,500 3,900 5,000 7,500 10,000 28

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 69 1,500 3,900 5,000 6,000 8,500 31

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 79 – – 6,000 10,000 15,000 21

Health care and social assistance ................. 82 – 5,000 – 10,000 15,000 18

Hospitals .................................................... 81 – 5,000 – 10,000 15,000 19

Public administration ......................................... 68 3,102 4,000 5,000 6,500 10,000 32

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 72 800 3,900 5,000 6,250 10,000 28

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 71 2,500 3,900 5,000 7,500 10,000 29

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 73 800 3,900 5,000 6,000 10,000 27

100 workers or more .............................................. 73 3,000 4,000 5,000 7,500 10,000 27

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 75 3,900 4,000 5,000 6,000 10,000 25

500 workers or more .......................................... 73 – 3,900 5,000 8,333 12,000 27

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 32. Long-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, state and local government workers,

March 2021—continued

(All workers participating in fixed percent of annual earnings long-term disability plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum monthly benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

State government .................................................. 75 – $3,900 $5,000 $7,500 $15,000 25

Local government .................................................. 72 $2,500 4,000 5,000 7,500 10,000 28

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 80 2,500 5,000 5,000 – 11,000 20

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 79 2,500 5,000 5,000 6,000 – 21

South ..................................................................... 88 800 3,900 5,000 6,000 10,000 12

South Atlantic .................................................... 89 800 – 3,900 5,000 10,000 11

Midwest ................................................................. 51 – 5,000 5,000 7,500 12,000 49

East North Central ............................................. 49 – 5,000 5,000 7,500 11,667 51

West North Central ............................................ 57 5,000 5,000 5,000 7,500 – 43

West ...................................................................... 78 3,102 5,000 6,000 8,333 10,000 22

Mountain ............................................................ 65 4,000 5,000 6,000 9,000 – 35

1 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile,

one-fourth of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 32. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, state and local

government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum monthly benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 1.6 $561.56 $51.61 $0.00 $302.61 $228.10 1.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.9 – 72.99 0.00 511.66 533.98 1.9

Professional and related .................................... 2.1 – 40.80 0.00 403.94 467.31 2.1

Teachers ........................................................ 2.9 164.49 0.00 0.00 444.56 502.24 2.9

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 4.5 – 328.47 0.00 446.99 580.06 4.5

Service ................................................................... 3.3 – 227.19 0.00 1,063.44 364.97 3.3

Protective service .............................................. 5.3 619.52 1,081.89 0.00 0.00 364.97 5.3

Sales and office ..................................................... 2.7 – 0.00 101.46 1,392.74 0.00 2.7

Office and administrative support ...................... 2.8 734.93 0.00 202.92 1,256.88 0.00 2.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 3.9 444.27 689.10 1,365.58 1,610.35 1,094.90 3.9

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 6.0 604.71 830.65 182.48 555.00 1,020.11 6.0

Full time ................................................................. 1.6 553.50 44.70 0.00 334.50 354.74 1.6

Part time ................................................................ 5.7 – – 615.47 737.31 0.00 5.7

Union ..................................................................... 1.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 546.54 0.00 1.9

Nonunion ............................................................... 2.4 81.61 0.00 0.00 511.86 2,039.44 2.4

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 2.4 182.71 0.00 0.00 1,002.18 0.00 2.4

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 4.8 0.00 530.14 0.00 1,016.55 0.00 4.8

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2.7 517.43 83.62 0.00 755.05 364.97 2.7

Third 25 percent ................................................ 3.1 241.23 0.00 0.00 422.48 719.77 3.1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.9 155.88 0.00 0.00 448.27 1,677.45 1.9

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 3.4 49.25 1,149.50 0.00 204.02 1,590.85 3.4

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.6 598.31 48.28 0.00 304.47 304.20 1.6

Education and health services ........................... 1.9 158.03 0.00 0.00 669.13 1,459.04 1.9

Educational services ...................................... 2.2 79.02 0.00 0.00 486.16 0.00 2.2

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 3.7 384.95 103.23 0.00 366.09 819.51 3.7

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 3.4 – – 1,179.10 851.24 1,570.03 3.4

Health care and social assistance ................. 4.7 – 0.00 – 706.75 4,127.10 4.7

Hospitals .................................................... 5.7 – 0.00 – 1,365.58 3,917.01 5.7

Public administration ......................................... 2.9 146.21 527.62 0.00 1,246.24 0.00 2.9

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 3.7 0.00 0.00 0.00 990.09 319.35 3.7

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 6.0 724.21 0.00 0.00 1,407.60 0.00 6.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 4.2 0.00 591.59 0.00 194.38 1,106.24 4.2

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.9 746.84 112.49 0.00 480.38 1,231.76 1.9

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 4.0 321.69 94.82 0.00 522.85 817.92 4.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.0 – 118.26 129.03 784.26 2,204.95 2.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 32. Standard errors for long-term disability plans: Maximum benefit amount, state and local

government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

With

maximum

benefit

amount

Maximum monthly benefit amount1

With no

maximum

benefit

amount

10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

State government .................................................. 2.9 – $0.00 $0.00 $2,244.76 $2,889.80 2.9

Local government .................................................. 2.1 $293.68 215.73 0.00 739.22 0.00 2.1

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 5.0 405.98 0.00 226.87 – 2,976.21 5.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 6.3 91.24 757.03 0.00 1,254.36 – 6.3

South ..................................................................... 2.6 0.00 0.00 1,237.75 316.07 0.00 2.6

South Atlantic .................................................... 3.1 0.00 – 0.00 1,401.68 1,504.79 3.1

Midwest ................................................................. 1.7 – 0.00 0.00 643.42 2,884.13 1.7

East North Central ............................................. 1.8 – 0.00 0.00 364.97 1,657.10 1.8

West North Central ............................................ 3.8 1,210.45 0.00 836.24 1,403.74 – 3.8

West ...................................................................... 3.6 91.69 482.80 1,161.31 937.70 1,672.48 3.6

Mountain ............................................................ 7.0 1,182.62 0.00 258.07 1,204.68 – 7.0

1 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th percentile or median, half of the

participating workers receive the same as or more than the benefit shown, and half receive the same as or less than the benefit shown. At the 25th percentile,

one-fourth of the participating workers receive the same or less than the benefit shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 33. Leave benefits: Access, state and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics Paid

holidays

Paid sick

leave

Paid

vacations

Paid

personal

leave

Paid

funeral

leave

Paid jury

duty

leave

Paid

military

leave

Family leave1

Paid Unpaid

All workers ............................................................. 68 92 61 60 83 87 70 26 94

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 57 94 47 63 83 88 70 27 94

Professional and related .................................... 52 93 40 64 83 88 68 28 94

Teachers ........................................................ 31 93 14 70 82 87 65 27 94

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 26 99 12 82 85 91 63 29 96

Service ................................................................... 79 87 76 53 78 84 68 24 93

Protective service .............................................. 90 92 90 52 85 90 77 27 97

Sales and office ..................................................... 89 93 87 55 84 89 74 26 95

Office and administrative support ...................... 89 93 87 55 84 89 75 26 96

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 95 96 96 61 87 88 67 28 95

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 73 90 62 58 82 87 71 23 93

Full time ................................................................. 74 99 67 65 88 93 75 28 97

Part time ................................................................ 34 47 23 23 50 55 39 13 78

Union ..................................................................... 69 98 58 70 91 93 71 29 95

Nonunion ............................................................... 67 87 64 51 75 83 69 24 94

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 66 81 60 46 72 78 61 21 90

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 55 69 48 41 63 70 51 18 89

Second 25 percent ............................................ 88 95 86 57 85 90 75 28 96

Third 25 percent ................................................ 71 97 62 70 87 92 76 27 97

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 51 96 42 66 87 90 69 29 95

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 49 95 38 54 87 88 71 30 94

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 68 92 61 59 82 87 70 26 94

Education and health services ........................... 55 93 45 63 82 88 68 27 94

Educational services ...................................... 49 93 36 65 82 87 67 27 94

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 37 94 25 74 81 87 62 28 92

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 81 92 69 42 84 88 80 24 97

Health care and social assistance ................. 91 93 93 50 84 91 75 29 93

Hospitals .................................................... 91 92 92 51 84 90 73 27 91

Public administration ......................................... 92 92 91 54 85 89 77 25 96

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 62 90 55 61 79 85 65 23 92

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 69 86 63 54 80 84 63 27 93

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 55 93 48 69 79 86 66 19 91

100 workers or more .............................................. 70 93 63 59 83 88 72 27 95

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 69 91 61 64 80 84 62 30 93

500 workers or more .......................................... 71 94 64 57 85 90 76 26 96

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 33. Leave benefits: Access, state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics Paid

holidays

Paid sick

leave

Paid

vacations

Paid

personal

leave

Paid

funeral

leave

Paid jury

duty

leave

Paid

military

leave

Family leave1

Paid Unpaid

State government .................................................. 92 96 86 51 90 94 88 25 98

Local government .................................................. 60 91 53 63 80 85 64 27 93

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 64 91 57 73 93 92 75 26 95

New England ..................................................... 61 92 55 80 92 90 73 21 95

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 66 91 58 70 94 93 76 28 94

South ..................................................................... 69 92 62 57 81 90 76 27 95

South Atlantic .................................................... 76 91 66 61 80 87 73 22 94

East South Central ............................................ 72 92 64 45 73 85 76 24 92

West South Central ........................................... 57 95 57 56 86 96 80 37 98

Midwest ................................................................. 66 90 56 65 81 85 57 31 95

East North Central ............................................. 69 88 55 67 80 85 57 37 95

West North Central ............................................ 61 92 57 61 81 85 56 19 96

West ...................................................................... 72 94 68 48 78 82 68 20 92

Mountain ............................................................ 67 90 62 46 66 75 61 – 98

Pacific ................................................................ 74 96 70 49 84 85 71 23 89

1 The sum of paid and unpaid family leave may exceed 100 percent because some workers have access to both types of plans. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 33. Standard errors for leave benefits: Access, state and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics Paid

holidays

Paid sick

leave

Paid

vacations

Paid

personal

leave

Paid

funeral

leave

Paid jury

duty

leave

Paid

military

leave

Family leave

Paid Unpaid

All workers ............................................................. 0.8 0.5 0.9 1.1 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.3 0.6 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.6

Professional and related .................................... 1.4 0.7 1.4 1.2 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.1 0.7

Teachers ........................................................ 2.1 1.0 1.8 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.9 1.3 0.9

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.5 0.4 2.2 0.9 1.5 1.9 2.2 1.7 0.8

Service ................................................................... 1.2 1.2 1.3 2.2 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.0

Protective service .............................................. 1.1 1.2 1.2 3.5 2.1 1.3 1.9 1.7 0.8

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.8 2.2 0.8

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.2 1.0 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.9 2.3 0.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.3 1.2 1.3 4.3 3.0 2.5 3.8 2.4 1.8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 3.7 2.5 4.6 4.3 3.1 3.2 3.6 3.1 2.9

Full time ................................................................. 0.8 0.2 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 1.8 2.2 1.8 1.8 2.2 2.2 1.9 1.5 1.9

Union ..................................................................... 1.0 0.4 1.3 1.3 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.6

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.1 0.9 1.2 1.6 1.2 1.0 1.4 1.0 0.8

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.8 1.5 1.7 1.3 1.2

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.5 2.0 2.2 1.7 1.7

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.2 0.7 1.2 2.0 1.4 1.1 1.6 1.7 0.7

Third 25 percent ................................................ 2.1 0.6 2.0 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.2 0.7

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.6 0.8 1.7 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.6 1.6 0.8

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.7 1.2 2.9 1.8 1.6 1.6 2.1 2.2 1.2

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.8 0.5 0.9 1.1 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.6

Education and health services ........................... 1.1 0.6 1.2 1.2 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.0 0.6

Educational services ...................................... 1.2 0.6 1.3 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.0 0.7

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.5 0.7 1.5 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.2 0.8

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.5 1.5 2.1 3.1 1.5 1.8 2.5 2.9 0.8

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.6 1.4 1.2 5.2 2.5 2.7 4.6 2.5 1.9

Hospitals .................................................... 1.8 1.4 1.2 7.6 2.0 3.0 6.4 3.7 2.8

Public administration ......................................... 0.7 0.8 1.0 2.3 1.7 1.2 1.6 1.4 1.1

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.6 1.2 1.3 2.1 1.9 1.9 2.4 1.9 1.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.9 2.0 2.7 3.5 2.5 2.1 3.1 3.1 2.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.1 1.3 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.5 3.5 2.9 2.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.0 0.5 1.1 1.3 1.0 0.8 1.2 1.0 0.7

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.8 1.2 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.0 2.2 2.4 1.4

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.3 0.7 1.3 1.7 1.1 1.0 1.3 1.4 0.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 33. Standard errors for leave benefits: Access, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics Paid

holidays

Paid sick

leave

Paid

vacations

Paid

personal

leave

Paid

funeral

leave

Paid jury

duty

leave

Paid

military

leave

Family leave

Paid Unpaid

State government .................................................. 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.8 1.1 1.1 1.5 2.0 0.5

Local government .................................................. 0.9 0.6 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.7

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.7 1.0 2.9 1.7 1.0 1.5 1.7 2.1 1.1

New England ..................................................... 2.2 0.6 2.5 3.0 1.9 2.6 2.8 4.2 2.4

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.1 1.4 3.7 2.0 1.2 1.6 2.1 2.6 1.2

South ..................................................................... 1.4 0.9 1.6 1.9 1.4 1.1 1.8 1.0 1.2

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.4 1.5 1.3 3.1 1.6 1.3 1.7 1.1 1.4

East South Central ............................................ 6.5 0.8 8.0 6.1 6.1 4.8 6.9 4.0 4.9

West South Central ........................................... 1.6 1.4 1.8 1.3 1.8 1.1 3.1 1.7 1.4

Midwest ................................................................. 2.0 1.1 1.3 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.1 1.8 0.7

East North Central ............................................. 2.1 1.6 1.9 2.3 2.0 2.7 2.3 1.8 0.9

West North Central ............................................ 4.3 0.6 0.9 3.4 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.9 1.2

West ...................................................................... 1.2 0.9 1.4 2.6 2.1 1.7 2.2 1.7 1.3

Mountain ............................................................ 1.7 2.2 2.6 6.2 6.5 4.0 5.8 – 1.5

Pacific ................................................................ 1.6 0.7 1.7 2.6 1.0 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.7

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 34. Paid holidays: Number of days provided, state and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers with paid holidays = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid holidays

Mean

number

of days

Median

number

of days

Less

than 5

days

5

days

6

days

7

days

8

days

9

days

10

days

11

days

12

days

13

days

14

days

Greater

than 14

days

All workers ............................................................. 3 1 5 3 3 8 15 21 19 11 7 7 11 11

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 4 2 7 4 2 7 13 20 16 11 7 8 11 11

Professional and related .................................... 5 2 8 4 3 7 12 19 14 11 7 7 11 11

Teachers ........................................................ 9 4 17 8 3 6 9 15 8 6 5 9 10 10

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 14 6 26 8 – 4 – – 4 4 4 – 9 7

Service ................................................................... 3 1 4 2 3 7 18 20 21 10 7 5 11 11

Protective service .............................................. – – – – 2 7 20 23 25 11 6 – 11 11

Sales and office ..................................................... – – 2 1 3 8 14 22 24 11 7 7 12 11

Office and administrative support ...................... – – 2 1 3 8 15 22 24 11 7 7 12 11

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – – – – 4 7 21 26 18 10 4 8 11 11

Production, transportation, and material moving ... – – 4 3 9 9 – 23 20 – 4 – 10 11

Full time ................................................................. 2 1 5 3 3 8 15 21 19 11 7 6 11 11

Part time ................................................................ – 4 4 3 5 6 14 16 17 8 5 – 10 11

Union ..................................................................... 3 1 7 3 1 5 13 23 22 10 5 7 11 11

Nonunion ............................................................... 2 2 3 2 5 10 16 19 16 11 8 6 11 11

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 4 2 5 3 5 8 16 17 17 11 7 7 11 11

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 4 2 8 4 8 7 16 12 15 12 6 6 11 11

Second 25 percent ............................................ 2 ( ) 1 2 2 3 9 16 23 21 10 7 6 11 11

Third 25 percent ................................................ 4 2 9 3 2 6 12 23 18 10 5 5 11 11

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 3 1 3 4 2 7 14 20 19 11 6 9 11 11

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – – – 7 3 7 12 16 21 12 6 13 12 12

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 3 1 5 3 3 8 15 21 19 10 7 7 11 11

Education and health services ........................... 4 3 9 4 4 7 13 14 13 12 7 11 11 11

Educational services ...................................... 5 3 8 4 4 6 11 13 12 11 8 13 11 11

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 8 5 15 6 3 4 9 12 9 8 6 15 10 10

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – – – 2 4 8 14 14 17 16 12 11 12 12

Health care and social assistance ................. – – 9 – – 9 22 17 17 15 – – 10 11

Hospitals .................................................... – – – – – – 19 – 17 – – – 10 10

Public administration ......................................... – – 1 – 1 8 16 28 26 9 6 3 11 11

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 3 – 3 3 – 5 16 28 14 10 5 7 11 11

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – – 3 2 – 5 18 31 17 9 5 6 11 11

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 7 – 3 – 4 6 13 25 11 12 5 8 11 11

100 workers or more .............................................. 3 1 5 3 3 8 14 19 20 11 7 6 11 11

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 5 – 5 – 2 9 13 22 18 11 7 5 11 11

500 workers or more .......................................... 2 1 5 3 4 8 15 18 21 11 7 7 11 11

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 34. Paid holidays: Number of days provided, state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with paid holidays = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid holidays

Mean

number

of days

Median

number

of days

Less

than 5

days

5

days

6

days

7

days

8

days

9

days

10

days

11

days

12

days

13

days

14

days

Greater

than 14

days

State government .................................................. – – – 1 3 10 13 25 23 11 9 4 11 11

Local government .................................................. 4 2 7 3 3 6 15 19 17 10 5 8 11 11

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 3 – – – – 2 8 26 34 9 5 11 12 12

New England ..................................................... – – – – – – – 37 24 – – – 11 11

Middle Atlantic ................................................... – – – – – 2 8 22 37 9 5 13 12 12

South ..................................................................... 3 2 7 2 4 10 11 18 18 11 9 5 11 11

South Atlantic .................................................... 3 – 11 – 3 11 13 20 22 8 3 4 10 11

East South Central ............................................ 7 6 3 – 6 – 15 6 – 23 3 – 11 11

West South Central ........................................... – – – – – 9 6 21 – 8 26 7 12 12

Midwest ................................................................. – – 6 7 5 10 20 15 13 9 5 4 10 10

East North Central ............................................. 4 – 7 8 – 9 16 14 13 13 6 5 10 11

West North Central ............................................ 5 2 – 3 – – 29 18 13 – 1 3 10 10

West ...................................................................... – – 3 2 2 7 20 26 14 13 5 7 11 11

Mountain ............................................................ – – – – 4 10 38 18 6 3 4 5 10 10

Pacific ................................................................ – – 2 2 – 6 12 29 17 17 5 8 12 11

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021. 2 Less than 0.5.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major

plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 34. Standard errors for paid holidays: Number of days provided, state and local government workers, March

2021

Characteristics

Paid holidays

Mean

number

of days

Median

number

of days

Less

than 5

days

5

days

6

days

7

days

8

days

9

days

10

days

11

days

12

days

13

days

14

days

Greater

than 14

days

All workers ............................................................. 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.0

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.1 1.2 0.9 1.1 0.1 0.0

Professional and related .................................... 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.0 0.6 1.1 1.2 1.7 1.2 1.5 1.0 1.2 0.1 0.0

Teachers ........................................................ 1.8 1.7 2.6 1.8 1.3 1.9 1.6 3.0 1.4 1.5 1.3 2.2 0.3 0.7

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.6 2.6 4.0 2.1 – 2.0 – – 1.6 1.4 1.7 – 0.4 0.8

Service ................................................................... 0.9 0.4 1.0 0.7 1.0 1.2 1.7 1.5 2.4 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.1 0.0

Protective service .............................................. – – – – 0.5 1.7 2.4 1.4 3.4 1.7 1.4 – 0.2 0.0

Sales and office ..................................................... – – 0.6 0.3 0.8 1.6 1.5 1.3 2.3 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.1 0.4

Office and administrative support ...................... – – 0.6 0.3 0.8 1.6 1.5 1.3 2.3 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.1 0.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – – – – 1.3 1.8 3.3 3.9 3.2 2.1 1.3 1.7 0.1 0.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... – – 1.9 1.3 2.7 2.9 – 3.9 3.2 – 1.9 – 0.3 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.0

Part time ................................................................ – 1.2 1.1 1.3 2.0 1.5 3.0 3.4 2.8 1.9 2.0 – 0.4 0.4

Union ..................................................................... 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.9 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.1 0.7 0.9 0.1 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.6 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.1 0.0

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.0 0.5 0.8 0.7 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.1 1.3 1.0 0.2 0.0

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.1 0.6 1.6 1.1 2.3 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.7 1.5 1.8 1.2 0.2 1.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.6 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.1 0.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.7 1.4 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.2 0.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.6 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.9 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.8 0.2 0.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – – – 0.7 1.1 1.7 1.4 2.8 2.8 1.6 1.3 3.0 0.3 0.7

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.0

Education and health services ........................... 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.7 1.0 1.2 1.5 0.9 1.3 0.8 1.2 0.2 0.0

Educational services ...................................... 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.6 1.0 1.0 1.7 0.9 1.4 0.9 1.4 0.2 0.0

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.3 1.6 1.4 1.3 0.9 0.8 1.3 2.1 1.1 0.9 1.1 2.3 0.3 1.3

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities – – – 0.6 1.3 1.5 1.3 2.6 1.7 2.6 1.5 1.9 0.2 0.0

Health care and social assistance ................. – – 2.9 – – 2.8 4.5 3.4 2.9 3.6 – – 0.3 0.6

Hospitals .................................................... – – – – – – 4.7 – 3.9 – – – 0.4 0.9

Public administration ......................................... – – 0.3 – 0.5 1.4 1.3 1.1 2.1 0.9 1.1 0.4 0.1 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.1 – 1.1 1.3 – 1.7 2.7 2.2 1.7 1.8 1.1 1.0 0.2 0.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – – 1.5 1.0 – 2.2 3.6 3.2 2.5 1.9 1.7 1.9 0.2 0.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.4 – 1.4 – 1.6 2.1 3.5 4.1 2.1 3.0 1.7 2.0 0.3 0.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.1 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.0 – 1.5 – 0.8 1.5 1.9 2.3 2.0 1.4 2.0 1.5 0.2 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.2 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.1 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 34. Standard errors for paid holidays: Number of days provided, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Paid holidays

Mean

number

of days

Median

number

of days

Less

than 5

days

5

days

6

days

7

days

8

days

9

days

10

days

11

days

12

days

13

days

14

days

Greater

than 14

days

State government .................................................. – – – 0.2 0.8 1.4 1.3 1.8 1.6 1.0 1.1 0.8 0.1 0.2

Local government .................................................. 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.3 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.1 0.0

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.4 – – – – 0.7 1.0 2.0 2.1 1.5 1.3 2.4 0.2 0.0

New England ..................................................... – – – – – – – 6.5 5.3 – – – 0.3 0.3

Middle Atlantic ................................................... – – – – – 0.8 0.8 1.7 2.1 1.6 1.2 2.9 0.3 0.0

South ..................................................................... 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.5 1.1 1.5 1.8 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.1 0.0

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.0 – 0.6 – 1.0 2.2 1.7 1.7 2.3 1.5 0.9 0.8 0.2 0.0

East South Central ............................................ 0.1 0.4 1.6 – 1.4 – 0.6 3.0 – 3.2 0.6 – 0.3 0.9

West South Central ........................................... – – – – – 1.6 2.3 3.6 – 2.7 4.0 1.5 0.3 1.2

Midwest ................................................................. – – 1.8 1.7 1.6 2.1 2.8 2.2 1.5 1.2 1.1 0.6 0.1 0.0

East North Central ............................................. 0.9 – 2.5 2.4 – 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.1 1.5 1.6 0.8 0.2 0.3

West North Central ............................................ 1.2 0.7 – 1.1 – – 6.8 4.5 1.2 – 0.6 1.3 0.1 0.0

West ...................................................................... – – 1.0 0.7 0.5 1.5 1.4 2.5 1.7 1.9 1.2 1.1 0.2 0.0

Mountain ............................................................ – – – – 1.5 0.7 3.1 4.4 1.8 1.5 1.0 2.3 0.5 0.0

Pacific ................................................................ – – 0.5 0.7 – 2.1 1.8 2.9 2.2 2.6 1.7 1.1 0.1 0.0

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 35. Paid sick leave: Type of provision, state and local government

workers, March 2021

(All workers with paid sick leave = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Sick leave provision

Fixed number

of days per

year1

As needed2

As part of

consolidated

leave plan3

All workers ............................................................. 89 1 10

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 90 1 9

Professional and related .................................... 91 4 () 9

Teachers ........................................................ 94 – –

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 94 – –

Service ................................................................... 86 3 11

Protective service .............................................. 86 6 8

Sales and office ..................................................... 88 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 88 – –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 84 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 89 – –

Full time ................................................................. 89 1 10

Part time ................................................................ 91 – –

Union ..................................................................... 92 1 7

Nonunion ............................................................... 86 1 13

Average wage within the following categories:5

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 89 1 10

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 89 – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 87 – –

Third 25 percent ................................................ 87 2 11

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 91 1 8

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 91 1 8

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 89 1 10

Education and health services ........................... 90 4 () 9

Educational services ...................................... 94 4 () 5

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 94 4 () 5

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 94 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 68 – –

Hospitals .................................................... 59 – –

Public administration ......................................... 87 3 10

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 90 – –

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 88 – –

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 92 – –

100 workers or more .............................................. 88 1 10

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 92 – –

500 workers or more .......................................... 87 2 11

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 35. Paid sick leave: Type of provision, state and local government

workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with paid sick leave = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Sick leave provision

Fixed number

of days per

year1

As needed2

As part of

consolidated

leave plan3

State government .................................................. 88 1 11

Local government .................................................. 89 1 9

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 96 – –

New England ..................................................... 98 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 95 – –

South ..................................................................... 88 1 11

South Atlantic .................................................... 87 – –

East South Central ............................................ 93 – –

West South Central ........................................... 86 – –

Midwest ................................................................. 89 2 9

East North Central ............................................. 88 2 10

West North Central ............................................ 91 – –

West ...................................................................... 85 – –

Mountain ............................................................ 87 – 13

Pacific ................................................................ 84 – –

1 Employees earn or accrue a specified number of sick leave days per year. This number may vary by

length of service. 2 Plan does not specify maximum number of days. 3 A consolidated leave plan provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes,

such as vacation, illness, or personal business. 4 Less than 0.5. 5 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this

category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related

terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 35. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Type of provision, state

and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Sick leave provision

Fixed number

of days per

year1

As needed2

As part of

consolidated

leave plan3

All workers ............................................................. 0.7 0.2 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.9 0.2 0.8

Professional and related .................................... 1.0 0.2 0.9

Teachers ........................................................ 1.3 – –

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.3 – –

Service ................................................................... 1.0 0.6 0.9

Protective service .............................................. 1.5 1.1 1.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.2 – –

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.1 – –

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 3.4 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 2.8 – –

Full time ................................................................. 0.8 0.2 0.7

Part time ................................................................ 1.1 – –

Union ..................................................................... 0.8 0.3 0.7

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.2 0.3 1.1

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 0.8 0.4 0.7

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.4 – –

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 – –

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.2 0.5 1.1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.1 0.3 1.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.4 0.4 1.3

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.7 0.2 0.6

Education and health services ........................... 0.9 0.1 0.8

Educational services ...................................... 0.8 0.2 0.7

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.7 0.1 0.6

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.4 – –

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.3 – –

Hospitals .................................................... 4.2 – –

Public administration ......................................... 1.3 0.6 0.9

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.4 – –

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.0 – –

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.0 – –

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.8 0.3 0.8

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.3 – –

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.1 0.4 1.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 35. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Type of provision, state

and local government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Sick leave provision

Fixed number

of days per

year1

As needed2

As part of

consolidated

leave plan3

State government .................................................. 1.4 0.4 1.4

Local government .................................................. 0.8 0.3 0.7

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.1 – –

New England ..................................................... 1.5 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.4 – –

South ..................................................................... 1.3 0.4 1.1

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.6 – –

East South Central ............................................ 2.1 – –

West South Central ........................................... 2.7 – –

Midwest ................................................................. 1.6 0.7 1.3

East North Central ............................................. 2.1 0.9 1.6

West North Central ............................................ 2.2 – –

West ...................................................................... 1.6 – –

Mountain ............................................................ 3.9 – 3.9

Pacific ................................................................ 1.7 – –

1 Employees earn or accrue a specified number of sick leave days per year. This number may vary by

length of service. 2 Plan does not specify maximum number of days. 3 A consolidated leave plan provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes,

such as vacation, illness, or personal business. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories

were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of

major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 36. Paid sick leave: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 state and local government

workers, March 2021

(All workers with fixed number of days per year sick leave plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid sick leave days by length of service2

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 29

days

Greater

than 29

days

After 1 year

All workers ............................................................. 9 15 61 14 1 11 12

Full time ................................................................. 8 14 62 14 1 12 12

Part time ................................................................ 22 26 48 4 – 9 10

Union ..................................................................... 7 11 65 16 1 12 12

Nonunion ............................................................... – 19 58 12 – 10 12

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 12 15 62 – – 10 11

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 7 17 62 14 – 11 12

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 15 14 62 – – 10 10

100 workers or more .............................................. 8 15 61 14 1 12 12

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – 14 62 16 – 12 12

500 workers or more .......................................... 9 16 61 14 1 11 12

After 5 years

All workers ............................................................. 9 15 60 15 1 12 12

Full time ................................................................. 8 14 61 16 1 12 12

Part time ................................................................ 21 26 49 4 – 9 10

Union ..................................................................... 7 11 64 17 1 12 12

Nonunion ............................................................... – 20 56 13 – 11 12

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... – 14 61 13 – 11 11

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 7 16 60 17 – 11 12

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 15 12 62 – – 10 10

100 workers or more .............................................. 8 15 60 16 1 12 12

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – 14 60 17 – 12 12

500 workers or more .......................................... 9 16 59 15 1 12 12

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 36. Paid sick leave: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 state and local government

workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with fixed number of days per year sick leave plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid sick leave days by length of service2

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 29

days

Greater

than 29

days

After 10 years

All workers ............................................................. 9 15 60 16 1 12 12

Full time ................................................................. 8 14 61 17 1 12 12

Part time ................................................................ 21 26 48 5 – 9 10

Union ..................................................................... 7 10 63 18 1 13 12

Nonunion ............................................................... – 20 56 13 – 11 12

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... – 14 61 14 – 11 11

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 17 58 17 – 11 12

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 15 11 63 – – 10 10

100 workers or more .............................................. 8 15 59 16 1 12 12

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – 14 60 18 – 13 12

500 workers or more .......................................... 9 16 59 16 1 12 12

After 20 years

All workers ............................................................. 9 15 59 16 1 12 12

Full time ................................................................. 8 14 60 17 1 12 12

Part time ................................................................ 21 26 48 5 – 9 10

Union ..................................................................... 7 10 63 19 1 13 12

Nonunion ............................................................... 11 20 56 14 3 ( ) 11 12

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... – 14 60 14 – 11 11

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 17 58 17 – 11 12

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 15 – 62 11 – 10 10

100 workers or more .............................................. 8 15 59 17 1 12 12

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 7 14 59 18 1 13 12

500 workers or more .......................................... 9 16 59 16 1 12 12

1 Employees either are granted a specific number of days after completion of the indicated length of service or accrue days during the next 12-month period.

The total number of days is assumed to be available for use immediately upon completion of the service interval. Periods of service are chosen arbitrarily and do

not necessarily reflect individual provisions for progression. 2 Employees earn or accrue a specified number of sick leave days per year. This number may vary by length of service. Employees eligible for paid sick leave

but who have not fulfilled the minimum service requirement are included as receiving 0 days. 3 Less than 0.5.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For

definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 36. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 state and

local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Paid sick leave days by length of service2

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 29

days

Greater

than 29

days

After 1 year

All workers ............................................................. 0.8 1.0 1.2 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.9 1.1 1.3 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.0

Part time ................................................................ 2.4 2.2 3.2 1.3 – 0.3 3 ( )

Union ..................................................................... 0.7 0.9 1.4 1.1 0.3 0.5 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... – 1.7 1.9 1.1 – 0.2 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.7 2.2 3.1 – – 0.3 0.8

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.0 4.3 4.1 2.9 – 0.3 0.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 3.1 2.1 3.7 – – 0.4 0.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – 1.7 2.5 1.7 – 0.8 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.1 0.2 0.3 0.0

After 5 years

All workers ............................................................. 0.8 0.9 1.2 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.8 0.9 1.3 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.0

Part time ................................................................ 2.5 2.3 3.3 1.3 – 0.3 3 ( )

Union ..................................................................... 0.7 1.0 1.5 1.2 0.3 0.5 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... – 1.4 1.8 1.1 – 0.2 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... – 2.2 3.2 1.8 – 0.3 0.6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.0 4.3 4.2 3.4 – 0.4 3 ( )

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 3.1 1.9 3.7 – – 0.4 0.5

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.9 1.0 1.4 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – 1.7 2.5 1.7 – 0.8 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.2 1.0 1.5 1.1 0.3 0.3 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 36. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 state and

local government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Paid sick leave days by length of service2

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 29

days

Greater

than 29

days

After 10 years

All workers ............................................................. 0.8 0.9 1.2 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.8 0.9 1.3 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.0

Part time ................................................................ 2.5 2.2 3.2 1.5 – 0.3 3 ( )

Union ..................................................................... 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.1 0.3 0.5 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... – 1.5 1.8 1.1 – 0.2 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... – 2.1 3.1 1.9 – 0.3 0.6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 4.1 4.1 3.6 – 0.4 3 ( )

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 3.1 1.9 3.7 – – 0.5 0.5

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.9 1.0 1.5 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ – 1.7 2.5 1.8 – 0.8 3 ( )

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.1 1.1 1.6 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.0

After 20 years

All workers ............................................................. 0.8 0.9 1.2 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.0

Full time ................................................................. 0.8 0.9 1.3 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.0

Part time ................................................................ 2.5 2.2 3.2 1.5 – 0.3 3 ( )

Union ..................................................................... 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.2 0.3 0.5 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.4 1.5 1.8 1.1 0.2 0.2 0.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... – 2.1 3.1 1.9 – 0.3 0.6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 4.1 4.1 3.6 – 0.4 3 ( )

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 3.1 – 3.6 2.6 – 0.5 0.6

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.9 1.0 1.5 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.0

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.2 1.7 2.5 1.8 0.7 0.8 3 ( )

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.1 1.1 1.6 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.0

1 Employees either are granted a specific number of days after completion of the indicated length of service or accrue days during the next 12-month period.

The total number of days is assumed to be available for use immediately upon completion of the service interval. Periods of service are chosen arbitrarily and do

not necessarily reflect individual provisions for progression. 2 Employees earn or accrue a specified number of sick leave days per year. This number may vary by length of service. Employees eligible for paid sick leave

but who have not fulfilled the minimum service requirement are included as receiving 0 days. 3 Less than 0.05.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 37. Paid sick leave: Carryover provisions, state and local government

workers, March 2021

(All workers with fixed number of days per year sick leave plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Carryover provision1

No

carryover

Total provision Unlimited

accumulation

Limit on days

accumulated

All workers ............................................................. 93 58 34 7

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 92 60 33 8

Professional and related .................................... 92 59 33 8

Teachers ........................................................ 90 57 33 10

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 90 55 35 10

Service ................................................................... 91 56 35 9

Protective service .............................................. 93 57 36 7

Sales and office ..................................................... 95 59 36 5

Office and administrative support ...................... 95 59 36 5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 94 50 44 6

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 93 53 39 7

Full time ................................................................. 93 59 34 7

Part time ................................................................ 92 53 39 8

Union ..................................................................... 93 58 35 7

Nonunion ............................................................... 92 58 34 8

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 92 55 37 8

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 88 52 37 12

Second 25 percent ............................................ 94 62 31 6

Third 25 percent ................................................ 93 59 34 7

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 92 57 35 8

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 91 58 33 9

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 92 58 34 8

Education and health services ........................... 92 59 32 8

Educational services ...................................... 91 59 32 9

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 90 55 35 10

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 93 70 22 7

Health care and social assistance ................. 96 62 33 4

Hospitals .................................................... – 56 – –

Public administration ......................................... 94 57 36 6

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 91 54 37 9

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 91 57 34 9

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 90 52 39 10

100 workers or more .............................................. 93 59 34 7

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 94 55 40 6

500 workers or more .......................................... 92 62 31 8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 37. Paid sick leave: Carryover provisions, state and local government

workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers with fixed number of days per year sick leave plans = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Carryover provision1

No

carryover

Total provision Unlimited

accumulation

Limit on days

accumulated

State government .................................................. 96 72 23 4

Local government .................................................. 91 53 38 9

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 94 41 53 6

New England ..................................................... 94 33 62 6

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 93 43 50 7

South ..................................................................... 91 64 27 9

South Atlantic .................................................... 93 70 22 7

East South Central ............................................ 90 59 31 10

West South Central ........................................... 89 59 30 11

Midwest ................................................................. 90 48 42 10

East North Central ............................................. 90 53 38 10

West North Central ............................................ 90 41 50 10

West ...................................................................... 96 72 24 4

Mountain ............................................................ 96 63 33 4

Pacific ................................................................ 96 76 20 4

1 Employees earn or accrue a specified number of sick leave days per year. This number may vary by length of

service. Plans that allow employees to accumulate unused sick leave from year to year. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or

data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 37. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Carryover provisions, state and

local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Carryover provision1

No

carryover

Total provision Unlimited

accumulation

Limit on days

accumulated

All workers ............................................................. 0.6 1.2 1.2 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.7 1.5 1.5 0.7

Professional and related .................................... 0.8 1.7 1.6 0.8

Teachers ........................................................ 1.2 2.1 2.1 1.2

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.3 2.6 2.6 1.3

Service ................................................................... 1.5 2.0 1.9 1.5

Protective service .............................................. 1.3 3.1 2.8 1.3

Sales and office ..................................................... 0.6 2.0 1.8 0.6

Office and administrative support ...................... 0.6 2.0 1.9 0.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.7 3.1 3.3 1.7

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 2.2 4.2 4.3 2.2

Full time ................................................................. 0.6 1.2 1.2 0.6

Part time ................................................................ 2.1 3.9 3.4 2.1

Union ..................................................................... 0.8 1.6 1.6 0.8

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.0 1.6 1.4 1.0

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.1 2.0 2.1 1.1

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.9 3.1 2.7 1.9

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.9 1.8 1.5 0.9

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.0 1.6 1.7 1.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.0 1.9 1.8 1.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.5 3.3 2.5 1.5

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.7 1.2 1.2 0.7

Education and health services ........................... 0.8 1.6 1.6 0.8

Educational services ...................................... 0.9 1.7 1.7 0.9

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.2 2.4 2.3 1.2

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.7 3.1 3.0 1.7

Health care and social assistance ................. 2.1 3.7 3.4 2.1

Hospitals .................................................... – 4.6 – –

Public administration ......................................... 1.0 2.1 1.7 1.0

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.5 2.5 2.7 1.5

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.7 3.4 3.3 2.7

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.0 3.4 4.0 2.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.7 1.2 1.2 0.7

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.1 2.5 2.5 1.1

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.9 1.5 1.4 0.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 37. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Carryover provisions, state and

local government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Carryover provision1

No

carryover

Total provision Unlimited

accumulation

Limit on days

accumulated

State government .................................................. 0.8 2.0 1.8 0.8

Local government .................................................. 0.9 1.6 1.4 0.9

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.1 2.7 2.5 1.1

New England ..................................................... 2.1 3.5 4.1 2.1

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.3 3.2 2.9 1.3

South ..................................................................... 1.2 1.8 1.8 1.2

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.1 2.9 2.4 1.1

East South Central ............................................ 1.9 4.2 2.9 1.9

West South Central ........................................... 3.0 2.3 3.8 3.0

Midwest ................................................................. 1.7 2.8 2.6 1.7

East North Central ............................................. 2.1 2.8 1.7 2.1

West North Central ............................................ 2.8 6.1 6.5 2.8

West ...................................................................... 1.2 3.0 2.8 1.2

Mountain ............................................................ 1.3 8.2 8.2 1.3

Pacific ................................................................ 1.6 2.2 1.8 1.6

1 Employees earn or accrue a specified number of sick leave days per year. This number may vary by length of

service. Plans that allow employees to accumulate unused sick leave from year to year. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may

include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates

generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 38. Paid sick leave: Limit on days accumulated, state and local government

workers, March 2021

(Includes workers in sick leave plans1 that specify a fixed number of days and limit the number of accumulated

carryover days)

Characteristics

Limit on paid sick leave days accumulated2

Mean

number

of days 10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 25 80 125 180 250 137

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 27 90 150 190 260 145

Professional and related .................................... 25 90 150 185 245 144

Teachers ........................................................ – 100 160 191 260 152

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 100 160 195 260 158

Service ................................................................... – 45 120 180 250 121

Protective service .............................................. 25 – 120 150 250 118

Sales and office ..................................................... 30 75 120 200 260 138

Office and administrative support ...................... 30 75 120 200 260 137

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – – 90 140 240 111

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 10 – 130 200 260 134

Full time ................................................................. 30 90 130 180 250 139

Part time ................................................................ 6 – 105 192 240 118

Union ..................................................................... 25 100 160 200 300 158

Nonunion ............................................................... 20 60 120 160 200 115

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. – 60 120 180 240 119

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 12 50 90 150 192 107

Second 25 percent ............................................ – – 120 180 259 134

Third 25 percent ................................................ 25 90 120 180 250 136

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 30 100 160 200 260 157

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – 130 160 182 220 159

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 24 80 129 180 250 137

Education and health services ........................... 25 90 150 191 260 149

Educational services ...................................... – 90 150 191 252 147

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 25 90 150 190 260 148

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 15 100 150 200 220 143

Health care and social assistance ................. 68 120 130 – 300 162

Public administration ......................................... 25 60 120 165 240 122

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 34 85 120 180 240 132

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 90 120 175 200 127

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 30 – 120 180 260 135

100 workers or more .............................................. 20 75 130 187 250 139

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 13 60 120 190 265 135

500 workers or more .......................................... 25 90 135 185 240 142

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 38. Paid sick leave: Limit on days accumulated, state and local government

workers, March 2021—continued

(Includes workers in sick leave plans1 that specify a fixed number of days and limit the number of accumulated

carryover days)

Characteristics

Limit on paid sick leave days accumulated2

Mean

number

of days 10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

State government .................................................. – 100 150 200 300 160

Local government .................................................. 20 72 120 180 240 132

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... – 120 165 200 300 172

New England ..................................................... – 110 125 180 215 143

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 27 160 200 219 300 184

South ..................................................................... – 60 120 150 180 110

South Atlantic .................................................... – 90 120 180 180 121

East South Central ............................................ – – 120 160 180 117

West South Central ........................................... 20 – 90 120 180 96

Midwest ................................................................. – 62 120 190 260 139

East North Central ............................................. – – 141 240 340 161

West North Central ............................................ – 60 115 150 190 109

West ...................................................................... – 50 120 180 248 115

Mountain ............................................................ 45 – 120 150 240 125

Pacific ................................................................ 8 – – 180 248 108

1 Employees earn or accrue a specified number of sick leave days per year. This number may vary by length of service. 2 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th

percentile or median, half of participating workers receive the same as or more than the amount shown, and half receive the same as

or less than the amount shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers receive the same or less than the amount

shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions,

and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 38. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Limit on days accumulated, state and

local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Limit on paid sick leave days accumulated1

Mean

number

of days 10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

All workers ............................................................. 5.6 14.0 8.3 5.3 10.4 2.8

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 4.2 4.1 2.5 8.2 15.5 3.5

Professional and related .................................... 4.3 5.2 5.2 7.3 14.8 3.8

Teachers ........................................................ – 12.4 5.6 10.3 13.7 5.2

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ – 10.2 0.0 9.5 6.1 5.6

Service ................................................................... – 11.2 4.1 11.2 6.5 5.1

Protective service .............................................. 5.1 – 11.2 16.5 42.8 7.4

Sales and office ..................................................... 2.0 20.2 2.6 19.3 38.6 7.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 2.5 19.8 1.8 18.4 34.3 7.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance – – 15.9 18.8 27.2 9.8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 0.0 – 11.5 26.8 54.0 12.3

Full time ................................................................. 3.4 5.7 7.9 5.1 12.2 2.9

Part time ................................................................ 0.7 – 23.5 19.3 14.7 12.0

Union ..................................................................... 4.3 11.4 0.0 0.0 7.9 3.9

Nonunion ............................................................... 5.3 0.0 14.6 20.2 19.4 3.0

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. – 14.6 14.0 3.2 11.9 5.2

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 3.6 12.2 12.8 18.1 11.2 5.9

Second 25 percent ............................................ – – 3.8 9.4 11.9 4.7

Third 25 percent ................................................ 4.7 12.0 10.6 4.9 14.0 5.9

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 6.6 10.8 0.0 0.0 14.5 5.3

Highest 10 percent ........................................ – 7.9 0.0 17.5 24.1 7.2

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 5.1 13.7 8.8 4.7 9.8 2.8

Education and health services ........................... 4.7 6.0 4.0 9.6 2.5 4.0

Educational services ...................................... – 4.2 8.9 10.9 11.6 4.3

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 5.3 3.6 10.8 8.0 14.0 5.1

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 0.0 14.4 23.8 14.1 45.0 7.1

Health care and social assistance ................. 18.4 25.5 17.7 – 0.0 11.7

Public administration ......................................... 6.8 1.3 0.0 21.8 29.5 4.2

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 5.6 22.1 0.0 0.9 44.1 6.6

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 25.2 2.6 32.1 20.9 8.3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 7.6 – 6.4 12.4 54.7 10.6

100 workers or more .............................................. 5.8 15.6 6.2 10.5 11.4 3.2

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 3.7 11.4 13.5 14.7 41.1 8.4

500 workers or more .......................................... 2.8 5.0 15.9 17.6 8.2 5.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 38. Standard errors for paid sick leave: Limit on days accumulated, state and

local government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Limit on paid sick leave days accumulated1

Mean

number

of days 10th

percentile

25th

percentile

50th

percentile

(median)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile

State government .................................................. – 20.9 11.2 20.2 0.0 5.7

Local government .................................................. 5.2 14.6 10.4 0.7 2.2 3.4

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... – 1.3 15.4 7.1 0.0 2.9

New England ..................................................... – 16.7 7.1 4.2 29.2 6.5

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.3 7.4 20.6 3.8 0.0 5.0

South ..................................................................... – 11.3 25.7 21.5 0.0 5.6

South Atlantic .................................................... – 0.0 9.9 0.0 6.8 7.1

East South Central ............................................ – – 23.7 20.0 6.4 13.3

West South Central ........................................... 4.7 – 9.5 0.0 0.0 8.7

Midwest ................................................................. – 18.3 0.0 9.9 5.2 5.4

East North Central ............................................. – – 16.3 12.7 34.1 9.6

West North Central ............................................ – 16.4 4.4 9.0 5.4 4.8

West ...................................................................... – 10.5 15.5 37.1 26.3 7.6

Mountain ............................................................ 0.0 – 11.9 45.0 31.0 13.7

Pacific ................................................................ 0.6 – – 22.9 49.5 5.9

1 The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position within each published series. For example, at the 50th

percentile or median, half of participating workers receive the same as or more than the amount shown, and half receive the same as

or less than the amount shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of participating workers receive the same or less than the amount

shown. The remaining percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include

workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using

wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions,

and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 39. Paid vacations: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 state and local government workers,

March 2021

(All workers with paid vacations = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid vacation days by length of service2

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 19

days

20 to 24

days

Greater

than 24

days

After 1 year

All workers ............................................................. 4 11 55 18 10 2 13 12

Full time ................................................................. 3 10 56 18 10 2 13 12

Part time ................................................................ – 22 44 17 6 – 11 10

Union ..................................................................... 5 13 55 18 8 1 12 12

Nonunion ............................................................... 3 10 55 18 12 2 13 12

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 5 18 57 16 – – 11 11

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 7 16 56 17 – – 11 11

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 20 59 14 5 – 11 10

100 workers or more .............................................. 3 9 54 19 12 2 13 12

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 5 11 62 13 8 1 12 12

500 workers or more .......................................... 3 9 51 21 13 3 14 12

After 5 years

All workers ............................................................. 2 5 26 47 14 6 16 15

Full time ................................................................. 1 5 26 48 14 6 16 15

Part time ................................................................ – 11 35 35 8 – 14 14

Union ..................................................................... 2 6 25 49 13 5 15 15

Nonunion ............................................................... 2 4 28 45 15 7 16 15

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2 5 35 47 8 3 15 15

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 5 34 47 9 – 15 15

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 5 36 48 7 – 15 15

100 workers or more .............................................. 2 5 24 47 16 7 16 15

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2 5 32 49 7 6 15 15

500 workers or more .......................................... 1 5 21 46 19 8 17 15

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 39. Paid vacations: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 state and local government workers,

March 2021—continued

(All workers with paid vacations = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Paid vacation days by length of service2

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 19

days

20 to 24

days

Greater

than 24

days

After 10 years

All workers ............................................................. 1 3 11 48 25 12 19 18

Full time ................................................................. 1 3 10 48 26 12 19 18

Part time ................................................................ 6 8 18 46 15 8 16 17

Union ..................................................................... 1 3 12 48 24 13 18 18

Nonunion ............................................................... 1 3 10 48 26 12 19 18

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2 1 12 57 21 7 18 17

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – – 9 59 21 7 18 17

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – – 16 55 21 7 17 17

100 workers or more .............................................. 1 3 10 46 26 13 19 19

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2 4 11 51 23 8 18 18

500 workers or more .......................................... 1 3 10 43 28 16 19 19

After 20 years

All workers ............................................................. 1 2 5 13 48 31 22 22

Full time ................................................................. 1 2 5 13 48 32 22 23

Part time ................................................................ – – 10 23 40 16 19 20

Union ..................................................................... 1 2 5 11 47 34 22 23

Nonunion ............................................................... 1 2 6 14 48 28 22 22

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1 1 6 15 49 28 22 21

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – – 4 16 52 25 22 21

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – – 9 13 45 31 22 21

100 workers or more .............................................. 1 2 5 13 47 32 22 23

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2 2 5 15 46 29 22 22

500 workers or more .......................................... 1 2 5 11 48 33 23 23

1 Employees either are granted a specific number of days after completion of the indicated length of service or accrue days during the next 12-month period. The total number

of days is assumed to be available for use immediately upon completion of the service interval. Periods of service are chosen arbitrarily and do not necessarily reflect individual

provisions for progression. Fractional vacation amounts were rounded to the nearest full number of days. 2 Employees eligible for paid vacations but who have not fulfilled the minimum service requirement are included as receiving 0 days. Estimates include plans that are

exclusively for paid vacation and vacation plans that are part of a consolidated leave plan that provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of

major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 39. Standard errors for paid vacations: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 state and local

government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Paid vacation days by length of service2

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 19

days

20 to 24

days

Greater

than 24

days

After 1 year

All workers ............................................................. 0.6 0.8 1.3 1.0 0.7 0.4 0.1 3 ( )

Full time ................................................................. 0.5 0.8 1.3 1.1 0.8 0.4 0.1 3 ( )

Part time ................................................................ – 4.7 4.5 2.7 1.3 – 0.4 1.0

Union ..................................................................... 0.8 1.2 2.0 1.0 1.1 0.5 0.2 0.9

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.7 1.0 1.5 1.7 0.8 0.6 0.2 3 ( )

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.4 2.1 2.9 2.5 – – 0.2 0.9

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.0 2.5 3.5 3.2 – – 0.3 1.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 3.8 5.3 3.8 1.6 – 0.4 1.2

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.6 0.9 1.5 1.1 0.9 0.5 0.2 3 ( )

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.0 1.7 3.0 2.1 1.5 0.6 0.3 0.1

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.6 0.9 1.7 1.4 1.1 0.6 0.2 0.5

After 5 years

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 0.5 1.3 1.3 0.9 0.7 0.2 3 ( )

Full time ................................................................. 0.3 0.5 1.4 1.3 1.0 0.7 0.2 0.0

Part time ................................................................ – 2.2 4.0 4.1 1.6 – 0.5 1.0

Union ..................................................................... 0.4 0.6 1.5 1.6 0.9 1.1 0.2 0.0

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.5 0.6 2.0 1.9 1.3 0.9 0.2 3 ( )

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.5 1.1 3.0 3.2 1.7 1.3 0.2 0.0

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – 1.4 4.5 4.2 2.2 – 0.3 0.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – 1.4 3.1 3.8 2.1 – 0.3 0.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.4 0.5 1.3 1.4 1.0 0.8 0.2 3 ( )

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.0 1.1 3.2 3.2 1.4 1.3 0.3 0.0

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.4 0.6 1.2 1.6 1.3 0.9 0.2 0.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 39. Standard errors for paid vacations: Number of annual days by service requirement,1 state and local

government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Paid vacation days by length of service2

Mean

number of

days

Median

number of

days Less than 5

days 5 to 9 days 10 to 14days

15 to 19

days

20 to 24

days

Greater

than 24

days

After 10 years

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 0.3 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.8 0.2 0.2

Full time ................................................................. 0.3 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.2 0.5

Part time ................................................................ 2.8 2.0 4.1 3.9 2.9 1.5 0.5 0.8

Union ..................................................................... 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.5 1.5 1.3 0.2 0.1

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.4 0.4 1.1 1.6 1.6 1.2 0.2 0.8

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.5 0.4 1.6 2.3 1.9 1.4 0.2 0.8

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – – 2.1 3.0 2.7 1.9 0.3 1.0

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – – 3.0 3.5 3.0 2.0 0.3 1.1

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.3 0.4 0.8 1.3 1.2 0.9 0.2 0.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.9 1.0 1.8 2.2 2.3 1.7 0.3 0.1

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.2 0.4 0.8 1.7 1.6 1.1 0.2 0.4

After 20 years

All workers ............................................................. 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.9 1.2 1.1 0.2 0.5

Full time ................................................................. 0.3 0.3 0.5 1.0 1.3 1.2 0.2 0.3

Part time ................................................................ – – 2.7 4.5 3.7 2.5 0.6 3 ( )

Union ..................................................................... 0.4 0.4 0.7 1.3 1.8 1.8 0.2 0.8

Nonunion ............................................................... 0.4 0.4 0.7 1.2 1.9 1.5 0.2 0.3

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 0.5 0.4 1.2 1.9 2.8 2.1 0.3 0.4

1 to 49 workers .................................................. – – 1.0 3.1 4.3 3.0 0.3 0.4

50 to 99 workers ................................................ – – 2.8 2.2 4.0 3.4 0.5 0.6

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.3 0.4 0.5 1.0 1.3 1.2 0.2 0.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 0.9 0.9 1.0 2.4 3.1 2.5 0.3 0.5

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.2 0.4 0.6 1.0 1.9 1.7 0.2 0.4

1 Employees either are granted a specific number of days after completion of the indicated length of service or accrue days during the next 12-month period. The total number

of days is assumed to be available for use immediately upon completion of the service interval. Periods of service are chosen arbitrarily and do not necessarily reflect individual

provisions for progression. Fractional vacation amounts were rounded to the nearest full number of days. 2 Employees eligible for paid vacations but who have not fulfilled the minimum service requirement are included as receiving 0 days. Estimates include plans that are

exclusively for paid vacation and vacation plans that are part of a consolidated leave plan that provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes. 3 Less than 0.05.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 40. Consolidated leave plans:1 Access, state and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers with paid vacations = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With consolidated leave plan With no consolidated leave plan

Access

Paid days by length of

service

(Mean number of days) Access

Paid vacation days by

length of service

(Mean number of days)

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

All workers ............................................................. 14 18 22 25 27 86 12 15 18 21

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 15 18 22 24 27 85 13 16 18 22

Professional and related .................................... 17 18 21 24 26 83 13 16 18 22

Service ................................................................... 14 18 21 24 28 86 11 14 17 21

Protective service .............................................. 10 18 21 24 29 90 11 14 17 21

Sales and office ..................................................... 12 18 23 26 29 88 12 15 18 22

Office and administrative support ...................... 11 19 23 26 29 89 12 15 18 22

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 17 17 22 26 30 83 11 14 17 21

Full time ................................................................. 14 18 22 25 28 86 12 15 18 22

Part time ................................................................ 21 13 15 17 18 79 11 13 16 19

Union ..................................................................... 9 19 23 27 30 91 12 15 18 22

Nonunion ............................................................... 18 17 21 24 26 82 12 15 18 21

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 15 17 21 24 26 85 11 14 17 20

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 17 15 19 22 23 83 11 14 17 20

Second 25 percent ............................................ 13 18 22 25 29 87 12 15 18 22

Third 25 percent ................................................ 15 18 21 24 27 85 12 15 18 22

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 14 19 23 25 28 86 13 16 18 22

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 11 20 24 27 29 89 14 16 19 21

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 14 18 22 25 27 86 12 15 18 21

Education and health services ........................... 17 19 22 25 26 83 13 16 18 21

Educational services ...................................... 7 16 17 18 19 93 13 15 18 21

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 9 13 14 14 15 91 11 13 16 19

Health care and social assistance ................. 40 20 24 27 30 60 13 16 19 23

Hospitals .................................................... 53 20 24 28 30 47 13 16 18 23

Public administration ......................................... 10 18 22 26 30 90 11 15 18 22

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 10 15 20 23 26 90 11 14 17 21

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 7 14 19 23 26 93 11 14 17 21

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 13 16 20 23 27 87 11 14 17 21

100 workers or more .............................................. 15 18 22 25 28 85 12 15 18 22

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 13 18 21 24 28 87 11 14 17 21

500 workers or more .......................................... 17 19 22 25 28 83 13 16 18 22

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 40. Consolidated leave plans:1 Access, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers with paid vacations = 100 percent)

Characteristics

With consolidated leave plan With no consolidated leave plan

Access

Paid days by length of

service

(Mean number of days) Access

Paid vacation days by

length of service

(Mean number of days)

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

State government .................................................. 8 20 23 26 29 92 14 16 19 23

Local government .................................................. 18 18 21 24 27 82 11 14 17 21

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 4 17 19 24 26 96 12 16 19 23

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 4 19 21 25 28 96 12 16 19 23

South ..................................................................... 16 17 21 24 27 84 12 15 17 21

South Atlantic .................................................... 15 18 22 25 28 85 12 15 17 22

East South Central ............................................ 12 20 22 26 29 88 12 14 17 20

West South Central ........................................... 18 16 20 22 24 82 11 14 17 21

Midwest ................................................................. 16 18 21 24 26 84 12 15 18 22

East North Central ............................................. 16 18 21 24 27 84 12 15 18 22

West ...................................................................... 18 19 23 26 29 82 12 15 18 21

Mountain ............................................................ 24 16 19 21 24 76 13 16 18 21

Pacific ................................................................ 15 21 26 29 33 85 12 15 17 21

1 A consolidated leave plan provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes, such as vacation, illness, or personal

business. Those with no consolidated leave plan often have separate leave plans for different purposes. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings

both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the

"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 40. Standard errors for consolidated leave plans:1 Access, state and local government workers,

March 2021

Characteristics

With consolidated leave plan With no consolidated leave plan

Access

Paid days by length of

service

(Mean number of days) Access

Paid vacation days by

length of service

(Mean number of days)

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

All workers ............................................................. 1.1 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.7 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.7 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

Professional and related .................................... 2.1 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 2.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Service ................................................................... 1.4 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Protective service .............................................. 1.9 1.0 1.1 0.8 1.3 1.9 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.3 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 3.2 1.3 1.6 1.8 1.7 3.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4

Full time ................................................................. 1.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2

Part time ................................................................ 2.8 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.6 2.8 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7

Union ..................................................................... 1.6 0.6 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.6 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.7 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 1.7 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.7 2.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.7 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.7 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.9 0.6 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.9 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.2 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 2.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.1 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2

Education and health services ........................... 2.0 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 2.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Educational services ...................................... 2.2 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.6 2.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 2.2 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 2.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.7 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 3.7 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.7

Hospitals .................................................... 4.1 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 4.1 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.3

Public administration ......................................... 1.3 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.6 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.5 1.8 2.7 3.0 3.4 2.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 3.1 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.3 3.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2.2 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.2 2.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 1.4 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 40. Standard errors for consolidated leave plans:1 Access, state and local government workers,

March 2021—continued

Characteristics

With consolidated leave plan With no consolidated leave plan

Access

Paid days by length of

service

(Mean number of days) Access

Paid vacation days by

length of service

(Mean number of days)

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

1

year

5

years

10

years

20

years

State government .................................................. 1.6 0.8 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Local government .................................................. 1.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.3 2.3 2.2 2.8 2.8 1.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.5 1.8 2.2 3.1 2.9 1.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4

South ..................................................................... 1.8 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.6 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.6 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4

East South Central ............................................ 1.2 0.5 1.2 1.4 2.1 1.2 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.0

West South Central ........................................... 5.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 5.0 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8

Midwest ................................................................. 2.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.2 2.9 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

East North Central ............................................. 3.0 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.4 3.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

West ...................................................................... 2.6 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.9 2.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mountain ............................................................ 5.8 1.3 1.7 1.9 2.6 5.8 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6

Pacific ................................................................ 2.8 0.5 0.9 1.0 0.7 2.8 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2

1 A consolidated leave plan provides a single amount of time off for workers to use for multiple purposes, such as vacation, illness, or personal

business. Those with no consolidated leave plan often have separate leave plans for different purposes. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings

both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 41. Quality of life benefits: Access, state and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics Childcare1 Flexible

workplace

Flexible

work

schedule

Subsidized

commuting

Wellness

programs

Employee

assistance

programs

All workers ............................................................. 15 5 8 12 64 79

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 16 5 8 12 64 79

Professional and related .................................... 15 5 7 10 63 78

Teachers ........................................................ 12 3 6 6 59 74

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 9 2 2 4 57 72

Service ................................................................... 13 3 5 10 61 76

Protective service .............................................. 14 3 6 13 63 81

Sales and office ..................................................... 16 5 12 13 65 83

Office and administrative support ...................... 16 5 12 13 65 83

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 12 8 8 16 64 77

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 10 – 7 20 64 77

Full time ................................................................. 16 5 8 13 67 83

Part time ................................................................ 5 2 8 6 42 55

Union ..................................................................... 15 4 7 16 59 82

Nonunion ............................................................... 14 6 9 8 68 76

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 13 4 7 6 61 70

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 9 4 6 2 57 61

Second 25 percent ............................................ 17 5 9 15 66 83

Third 25 percent ................................................ 17 4 7 14 69 83

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 13 6 9 13 59 81

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 12 5 10 14 55 81

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 15 5 8 12 64 79

Education and health services ........................... 14 4 6 8 64 78

Educational services ...................................... 12 4 6 7 61 76

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 8 2 2 3 55 70

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 23 8 17 16 80 92

Health care and social assistance ................. 26 7 9 14 80 92

Hospitals .................................................... 27 6 – – 79 95

Public administration ......................................... 18 6 12 17 65 82

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 11 4 7 10 57 64

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 11 4 9 14 53 61

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 11 4 6 7 60 68

100 workers or more .............................................. 16 5 8 12 66 83

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 13 5 8 10 55 70

500 workers or more .......................................... 17 5 8 14 70 90

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 41. Quality of life benefits: Access, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics Childcare1 Flexible

workplace

Flexible

work

schedule

Subsidized

commuting

Wellness

programs

Employee

assistance

programs

State government .................................................. 31 8 14 22 86 94

Local government .................................................. 9 4 6 9 56 74

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 20 2 6 8 45 80

New England ..................................................... 18 – 11 12 51 80

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 20 – 5 7 43 80

South ..................................................................... 14 6 7 5 74 79

South Atlantic .................................................... 16 7 7 6 75 86

East South Central ............................................ 7 – 10 9 72 69

West South Central ........................................... – 6 4 3 76 74

Midwest ................................................................. 14 5 10 13 61 71

East North Central ............................................. 14 5 8 14 61 70

West North Central ............................................ 13 5 14 12 62 72

West ...................................................................... 13 5 10 25 64 85

Mountain ............................................................ 13 4 8 17 70 85

Pacific ................................................................ 12 5 10 29 61 85

1 A workplace program that provides for either the full or partial cost of caring for an employee’s children in a nursery, day care center, or a baby

sitter in facilities either on or off the employer’s premises. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with

earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related

terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 41. Standard errors for quality of life benefits: Access, state and local government

workers, March 2021

Characteristics Childcare1 Flexible

workplace

Flexible

work

schedule

Subsidized

commuting

Wellness

programs

Employee

assistance

programs

All workers ............................................................. 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.2 0.9

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.3 0.9 0.7 0.7 1.4 1.1

Professional and related .................................... 1.4 0.8 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.3

Teachers ........................................................ 1.6 0.9 1.2 0.7 1.8 1.9

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.8 0.9 0.7 0.6 2.5 2.5

Service ................................................................... 1.2 0.6 0.7 1.0 2.0 1.9

Protective service .............................................. 1.8 0.9 1.3 1.6 2.6 2.7

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.2 0.8 1.2 1.0 2.0 1.4

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.2 0.8 1.2 1.0 2.0 1.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.9 2.4 1.9 2.4 3.8 3.5

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 2.8 – 2.6 4.2 4.1 4.0

Full time ................................................................. 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.6 1.2 0.9

Part time ................................................................ 0.8 0.7 1.5 1.1 3.0 2.8

Union ..................................................................... 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.6 1.4

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.4 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.3 1.0

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.2 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.6 1.4

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.5 0.9 1.1 0.7 2.6 1.9

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.3 1.7 1.5

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.7 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.7 1.6

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.2 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.5 1.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.7 2.4 2.5

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.2 0.9

Education and health services ........................... 1.4 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.6 1.1

Educational services ...................................... 1.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.7 1.1

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.6 0.8 0.4 0.5 2.1 1.6

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 3.7 1.6 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.0

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.0 2.4 2.7 3.4 3.2 2.5

Hospitals .................................................... 2.9 2.1 – – 3.9 2.1

Public administration ......................................... 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.3

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.4 2.0 2.1

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.2 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.9 3.1

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.4 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.9 2.7

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.2 0.7 0.6 0.8 1.3 1.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.3 2.7 2.7

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.6 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.4 1.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 41. Standard errors for quality of life benefits: Access, state and local government

workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics Childcare1 Flexible

workplace

Flexible

work

schedule

Subsidized

commuting

Wellness

programs

Employee

assistance

programs

State government .................................................. 2.4 1.3 1.3 1.7 1.1 0.9

Local government .................................................. 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.6 1.5 1.2

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.7 0.8 1.4 1.1 2.4 2.1

New England ..................................................... 3.0 – 2.7 3.4 3.1 3.1

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.8 – 1.5 0.8 3.2 2.5

South ..................................................................... 1.9 1.3 1.0 0.7 1.3 1.2

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.4 2.3 1.7 1.2 1.4 1.4

East South Central ............................................ 1.3 – 1.2 1.0 3.1 3.5

West South Central ........................................... – 1.6 1.2 1.2 2.8 2.1

Midwest ................................................................. 2.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 3.1 2.1

East North Central ............................................. 3.4 1.9 1.5 1.8 4.1 3.1

West North Central ............................................ 2.1 1.3 2.7 2.9 4.4 2.0

West ...................................................................... 1.6 1.3 0.9 1.7 2.9 2.3

Mountain ............................................................ 3.7 1.3 1.4 3.8 7.9 3.1

Pacific ................................................................ 1.7 1.7 1.0 1.6 2.3 3.0

1 A workplace program that provides for either the full or partial cost of caring for an employee’s children in a nursery, day care center, or a baby

sitter in facilities either on or off the employer’s premises. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with

earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related

terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 42. Financial benefits: Access, state and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Health

savings

account

Section 125 cafeteria benefits

Savings

plans with

no employer

contribution3

Financial

planning

Student

loan

repayment

Flexible

benefits

Dependent

care flexible

spending

account1

Healthcare

flexible

spending

account2

All workers ............................................................. 38 37 65 71 64 27 5

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 40 37 66 73 66 28 5

Professional and related .................................... 39 37 65 72 66 27 6

Teachers ........................................................ 40 38 60 68 63 24 7

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 40 40 58 68 61 23 6

Service ................................................................... 32 34 61 66 59 24 2

Protective service .............................................. 31 34 64 70 64 28 2

Sales and office ..................................................... 40 37 66 72 65 28 5

Office and administrative support ...................... 40 37 66 73 66 29 5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 38 36 64 69 58 24 3

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 29 39 59 63 63 25 3

Full time ................................................................. 41 39 70 77 68 29 5

Part time ................................................................ 20 19 34 35 36 13 4

Union ..................................................................... 33 29 64 72 66 29 5

Nonunion ............................................................... 42 43 65 70 62 25 4

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 34 37 58 62 55 23 4

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 31 37 53 56 48 17 3

Second 25 percent ............................................ 41 35 68 74 65 30 3

Third 25 percent ................................................ 41 42 70 76 69 29 5

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 36 32 64 72 67 27 6

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 36 28 56 70 67 23 7

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 38 37 65 71 64 27 5

Education and health services ........................... 40 38 65 72 64 26 5

Educational services ...................................... 40 38 62 69 63 25 6

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 36 39 56 64 58 21 5

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 49 37 80 84 76 34 8

Health care and social assistance ................. 41 36 82 87 71 35 –

Hospitals .................................................... 36 36 86 89 73 34 –

Public administration ......................................... 37 34 66 71 66 31 4

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 34 29 52 56 51 22 4

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 34 26 46 51 46 20 4

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 35 32 58 61 56 23 5

100 workers or more .............................................. 39 39 68 75 68 28 5

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 37 35 62 66 61 26 3

500 workers or more .......................................... 40 41 71 80 71 30 5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 42. Financial benefits: Access, state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Health

savings

account

Section 125 cafeteria benefits

Savings

plans with

no employer

contribution3

Financial

planning

Student

loan

repayment

Flexible

benefits

Dependent

care flexible

spending

account1

Healthcare

flexible

spending

account2

State government .................................................. 50 39 85 88 83 43 5

Local government .................................................. 34 36 58 65 57 21 4

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 15 10 50 61 72 26 3

New England ..................................................... 19 – 53 58 61 20 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 14 11 50 61 76 27 3

South ..................................................................... 43 53 73 78 67 27 6

South Atlantic .................................................... 44 48 77 82 70 26 6

East South Central ............................................ 44 58 64 70 64 33 7

West South Central ........................................... 41 58 71 77 64 26 5

Midwest ................................................................. 44 31 59 68 62 27 4

East North Central ............................................. 43 28 57 65 62 27 5

West North Central ............................................ 47 36 64 73 61 28 4

West ...................................................................... 42 37 68 70 54 28 3

Mountain ............................................................ 40 43 70 71 58 31 1

Pacific ................................................................ 43 34 68 70 52 26 4

1 Formerly referred to as Dependent care reimbursement account. 2 Formerly referred to as Healthcare reimbursement account. 3 Savings plans established by the employer on behalf of the employee, but with no employer contribution. These are cash or deferred arrangement

plans or individual retirement accounts used to fund savings and retirement plans authorized by section 401(k), 403(b), or 457 of the Internal Revenue Code.

The employees’ contributions can be pre- and post-tax. Employees may authorize a payroll deduction by the employer to fund the established plan. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings

both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms,

see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 42. Standard errors for financial benefits: Access, state and local government workers, March

2021

Characteristics

Health

savings

account

Section 125 cafeteria benefits

Savings

plans with

no employer

contribution3

Financial

planning

Student

loan

repaymentFlexible

benefits

Dependent

care flexible

spending

account1

Healthcare

flexible

spending

account2

All workers ............................................................. 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.4

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.1 1.2 1.2 0.9 1.1 1.2 0.5

Professional and related .................................... 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.3 0.5

Teachers ........................................................ 1.5 1.5 1.9 1.4 1.2 1.6 0.7

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.1 2.0 2.1 1.6 1.5 1.3 0.7

Service ................................................................... 1.5 1.7 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.4 0.4

Protective service .............................................. 2.1 2.8 2.2 2.8 2.9 2.5 0.5

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.4 1.9 1.7 0.8

Office and administrative support ...................... 2.1 1.8 1.8 1.5 2.0 1.8 0.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 4.1 4.2 3.6 3.7 3.4 3.4 1.0

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 2.9 3.7 5.0 4.9 5.1 4.5 0.7

Full time ................................................................. 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.0 0.4

Part time ................................................................ 1.8 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.1 2.0 0.8

Union ..................................................................... 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 0.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.4 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.5 1.3 0.5

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.2 0.6

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.4 1.4 0.6

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.1 1.8 1.5 0.5

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.7 0.4

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.3 0.7

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.5 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 1.6 1.1

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.4

Education and health services ........................... 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.5

Educational services ...................................... 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.3 0.5

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.9 1.4 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.0 0.6

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.3 2.2 1.8 2.0 2.4 4.1 1.1

Health care and social assistance ................. 4.0 4.1 3.1 1.9 4.4 3.6 –

Hospitals .................................................... 4.3 5.3 3.7 2.1 3.9 5.8 –

Public administration ......................................... 2.0 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.8 0.5

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.2 1.7 1.6 0.8

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3.6 2.6 3.0 3.3 3.3 2.5 1.1

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.8 3.7 3.3 3.2 2.9 3.0 1.2

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.2 1.2 0.4

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2.7 2.3 2.0 1.9 2.3 2.0 0.8

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.7 0.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 42. Standard errors for financial benefits: Access, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

Health

savings

account

Section 125 cafeteria benefits

Savings

plans with

no employer

contribution3

Financial

planning

Student

loan

repaymentFlexible

benefits

Dependent

care flexible

spending

account1

Healthcare

flexible

spending

account2

State government .................................................. 1.9 2.1 1.2 1.2 1.9 2.5 0.9

Local government .................................................. 1.3 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.2 0.9 0.4

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.0 1.1 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 0.8

New England ..................................................... 4.9 – 4.9 6.1 3.4 4.0 –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.9 1.2 1.5 1.4 2.0 2.4 0.8

South ..................................................................... 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.0 1.9 1.6 0.8

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.8 2.1 1.5 1.0 1.6 2.7 0.7

East South Central ............................................ 3.3 4.5 5.7 3.8 6.4 3.6 2.4

West South Central ........................................... 3.5 2.4 2.5 1.9 4.0 1.8 1.6

Midwest ................................................................. 2.8 1.9 2.5 1.8 2.4 1.7 0.8

East North Central ............................................. 3.2 2.4 1.4 1.8 3.0 1.7 1.1

West North Central ............................................ 5.5 2.7 6.7 3.9 3.7 3.9 1.2

West ...................................................................... 2.0 2.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 2.1 0.2

Mountain ............................................................ 3.8 4.6 2.6 4.0 2.1 5.4 0.2

Pacific ................................................................ 2.2 2.9 1.9 1.4 2.3 1.8 0.3

1 Formerly referred to as Dependent care reimbursement account. 2 Formerly referred to as Healthcare reimbursement account. 3 Savings plans established by the employer on behalf of the employee, but with no employer contribution. These are cash or deferred arrangement

plans or individual retirement accounts used to fund savings and retirement plans authorized by section 401(k), 403(b), or 457 of the Internal Revenue Code.

The employees’ contributions can be pre- and post-tax. Employees may authorize a payroll deduction by the employer to fund the established plan. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings

both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms,

see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 43. Health-related benefits: Access, state and local

government workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Long-term

care

insurance1

Retiree healthcare

benefits2

Under age

65

Age 65 and

over

All workers ............................................................. 30 69 64

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 32 71 65

Professional and related .................................... 31 70 64

Teachers ........................................................ 29 70 63

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 26 71 62

Service ................................................................... 25 63 57

Protective service .............................................. 28 71 67

Sales and office ..................................................... 29 72 69

Office and administrative support ...................... 29 72 70

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 25 65 60

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 23 61 58

Full time ................................................................. 32 75 69

Part time ................................................................ 14 33 28

Union ..................................................................... 29 73 69

Nonunion ............................................................... 30 65 59

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 22 57 52

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 17 48 41

Second 25 percent ............................................ 33 71 66

Third 25 percent ................................................ 33 74 69

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 31 74 68

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 30 74 68

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 29 69 64

Education and health services ........................... 31 69 62

Educational services ...................................... 31 69 63

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 24 66 58

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 51 81 77

Health care and social assistance ................. 34 68 61

Hospitals .................................................... 35 66 61

Public administration ......................................... 29 72 70

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 23 63 56

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 25 60 53

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 21 66 60

100 workers or more .............................................. 31 71 66

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 23 61 58

500 workers or more .......................................... 36 75 70

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 43. Health-related benefits: Access, state and local

government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Long-term

care

insurance1

Retiree healthcare

benefits2

Under age

65

Age 65 and

over

State government .................................................. 51 89 87

Local government .................................................. 22 62 56

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 21 76 74

New England ..................................................... 13 73 74

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 24 77 74

South ..................................................................... 34 74 69

South Atlantic .................................................... 37 74 70

East South Central ............................................ 35 68 58

West South Central ........................................... 29 78 72

Midwest ................................................................. 24 63 56

East North Central ............................................. 23 61 54

West North Central ............................................ 24 68 59

West ...................................................................... 35 60 53

Mountain ............................................................ 30 48 43

Pacific ................................................................ 37 65 58

1 A health plan that provides long-term (more than 1 year) custodial care, home care, or nursing

home care. The plan, although sponsored by the employer, may be fully paid for by the employee. 2 A health plan that provides coverage to a retiree beyond what is mandated by COBRA or other

health continuation laws. The plan, although sponsored by the employer, may be fully paid for by the

employee. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 43. Standard errors for health-related benefits: Access, state

and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Long-term

care

insurance1

Retiree healthcare

benefits2

Under age

65

Age 65 and

over

All workers ............................................................. 0.9 1.0 1.1

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.1 1.2 1.2

Professional and related .................................... 1.3 1.4 1.3

Teachers ........................................................ 1.9 2.0 1.8

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.9 2.1 2.0

Service ................................................................... 1.6 1.8 1.8

Protective service .............................................. 2.5 2.6 2.5

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.4 1.9 2.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.4 1.8 2.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 3.3 3.9 4.9

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 3.1 4.3 4.6

Full time ................................................................. 1.0 1.0 1.1

Part time ................................................................ 1.2 1.8 1.9

Union ..................................................................... 1.1 1.5 1.7

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.2 1.2 1.1

Average wage within the following categories:3

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.4 1.6 1.9

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.0 2.4 2.2

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.7 1.4 1.3

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.6 1.8 1.7

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 1.5 1.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.3 2.0 2.8

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.9 1.0 1.1

Education and health services ........................... 1.3 1.4 1.4

Educational services ...................................... 1.3 1.5 1.4

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.6 1.7 1.9

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.5 2.7 2.5

Health care and social assistance ................. 4.4 3.5 4.1

Hospitals .................................................... 5.6 5.0 5.2

Public administration ......................................... 1.6 1.5 1.5

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.6 2.2 2.7

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.7 3.9 4.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.7 3.1 2.2

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.0 1.2 1.1

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.7 2.6 2.4

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.5 1.3 1.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 43. Standard errors for health-related benefits: Access, state

and local government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Long-term

care

insurance1

Retiree healthcare

benefits2

Under age

65

Age 65 and

over

State government .................................................. 1.7 1.6 1.5

Local government .................................................. 0.9 1.2 1.3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.0 2.3 2.8

New England ..................................................... 3.7 3.5 4.1

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.3 2.6 3.3

South ..................................................................... 1.6 1.6 1.6

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.7 1.8 1.8

East South Central ............................................ 4.0 7.0 5.8

West South Central ........................................... 3.4 2.3 2.5

Midwest ................................................................. 2.0 2.7 3.0

East North Central ............................................. 1.4 2.5 4.2

West North Central ............................................ 5.1 6.0 3.2

West ...................................................................... 1.6 1.9 1.9

Mountain ............................................................ 4.6 3.6 3.5

Pacific ................................................................ 1.0 2.1 2.1

1 A health plan that provides long-term (more than 1 year) custodial care, home care, or nursing

home care. The plan, although sponsored by the employer, may be fully paid for by the employee. 2 A health plan that provides coverage to a retiree beyond what is mandated by COBRA or other

health continuation laws. The plan, although sponsored by the employer, may be fully paid for by the

employee. 3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the

occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The

categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee

Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 44. Nonproduction bonuses: Access, state and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

All

nonproduction

bonuses1

Employee

recognition

bonus

End-of-year

bonus

Holiday

bonus

Payment in

lieu of

benefits

bonus

Longevity

bonus

Referral

bonus

Other

bonus2

All workers ............................................................. 37 4 2 1 20 7 3 ( ) 10

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 36 4 1 3 ( ) 21 7 3 ( ) 11

Professional and related .................................... 36 4 1 – 20 7 3 ( ) 11

Teachers ........................................................ 33 2 1 – 20 6 – 12

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 35 2 1 – 23 6 – 14

Service ................................................................... 37 4 2 1 19 8 – 10

Protective service .............................................. 48 6 2 1 25 12 – 14

Sales and office ..................................................... 38 4 2 1 21 8 3 () 8

Office and administrative support ...................... 38 4 2 1 21 8 3 () 9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 39 3 2 4 21 9 – 7

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 39 – – – 20 9 – 13

Full time ................................................................. 40 4 2 1 23 8 3 ( ) 11

Part time ................................................................ 17 2 2 1 7 2 – 5

Union ..................................................................... 50 5 1 – 36 9 3 ( ) 12

Nonunion ............................................................... 26 3 2 1 7 6 3 () 9

Average wage within the following categories:4

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 28 2 2 2 9 7 – 9

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 20 1 2 2 5 5 – 6

Second 25 percent ............................................ 38 4 2 1 20 8 – 10

Third 25 percent ................................................ 40 4 2 – 22 7 3 ( ) 12

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 43 5 1 – 30 7 – 11

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 48 7 – – 35 7 – 14

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 37 4 2 1 20 7 3 ( ) 11

Education and health services ........................... 33 3 1 – 19 6 3 ( ) 10

Educational services ...................................... 32 3 1 – 20 6 – 10

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 32 1 1 – 21 6 – 11

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 32 6 – – 15 7 – 5

Health care and social assistance ................. 38 6 – – 16 9 – 10

Hospitals .................................................... 34 8 – – 12 6 – 9

Public administration ......................................... 45 6 2 1 24 10 – 12

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 33 5 2 – 21 6 – 7

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 33 6 3 – 20 8 – 7

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 34 4 1 – 22 5 – 7

100 workers or more .............................................. 38 4 1 1 20 8 3 ( ) 11

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 37 2 2 1 19 9 – 10

500 workers or more .......................................... 39 4 1 3 ( ) 21 7 3 ( ) 12

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 44. Nonproduction bonuses: Access, state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

All

nonproduction

bonuses1

Employee

recognition

bonus

End-of-year

bonus

Holiday

bonus

Payment in

lieu of

benefits

bonus

Longevity

bonus

Referral

bonus

Other

bonus2

State government .................................................. 43 10 – – 20 10 – 12

Local government .................................................. 35 2 2 1 21 6 3 ( ) 10

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 57 – – – 46 9 – 14

New England ..................................................... 61 – – – 38 23 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 56 – – – 49 4 – 15

South ..................................................................... 31 2 3 2 7 8 – 14

South Atlantic .................................................... 42 4 4 2 11 6 – 22

East South Central ............................................ 31 – – 5 – 21 – 2

West South Central ........................................... 15 – – – 2 4 – 8

Midwest ................................................................. 32 2 – – 19 11 – 7

East North Central ............................................. 34 1 – – 25 10 – 7

West North Central ............................................ 28 – – – 8 13 – 9

West ...................................................................... 35 10 – – 23 3 – 5

Mountain ............................................................ 15 – – – 2 3 – 5

Pacific ................................................................ 44 14 – – 33 2 – 5

1 The sum of the individual components may be greater than the total because some employees may have access to more than one type of nonproduction bonus. 2 Includes all other bonuses provided to employees and not published separately. 3 Less than 0.5. 4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary

of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 43. Standard errors for nonproduction bonuses: Access, state and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

All

nonproduction

bonuses

Employee

recognition

bonus

End-of-year

bonus

Holiday

bonus

Payment in

lieu of

benefits

bonus

Longevity

bonus

Referral

bonus

Other

bonus1

All workers ............................................................. 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.9 0.5 0.1 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.2 0.5 0.4 0.1 1.1 0.4 0.2 0.7

Professional and related .................................... 1.3 0.5 0.4 – 1.2 0.5 0.1 0.8

Teachers ........................................................ 1.5 0.5 0.5 – 1.4 0.5 – 1.0

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 1.9 0.5 0.7 – 2.0 0.8 – 1.3

Service ................................................................... 1.3 0.7 0.6 0.3 1.3 1.0 – 1.1

Protective service .............................................. 2.1 1.3 0.8 0.5 2.2 1.7 – 1.9

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.9 1.0 0.6 0.2 1.6 1.1 0.2 1.0

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.9 1.0 0.6 0.2 1.6 1.1 0.2 1.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 3.2 1.4 0.7 1.2 2.1 1.8 – 1.6

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 3.6 – – – 4.2 2.3 – 2.1

Full time ................................................................. 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.1 1.1 0.5 0.2 0.6

Part time ................................................................ 1.8 0.4 0.8 0.4 1.0 0.6 – 0.9

Union ..................................................................... 1.5 0.6 0.3 – 1.5 0.8 0.1 0.8

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.9 0.5 0.2 0.6

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.2 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.8 0.8 – 0.8

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.7 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.9 – 0.8

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.7 0.5 0.5 0.2 1.6 1.1 – 1.0

Third 25 percent ................................................ 1.6 0.7 0.4 – 1.6 0.6 0.2 1.1

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.5 0.9 0.5 – 1.8 0.7 – 1.0

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.0 1.4 – – 2.4 0.9 – 1.4

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.9 0.5 0.1 0.6

Education and health services ........................... 1.1 0.4 0.4 – 1.0 0.5 0.2 0.7

Educational services ...................................... 1.1 0.4 0.3 – 1.1 0.5 – 0.7

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.5 0.4 0.5 – 1.6 0.7 – 0.9

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.7 0.8 – – 1.7 1.9 – 0.9

Health care and social assistance ................. 4.2 1.8 – – 2.8 2.1 – 2.6

Hospitals .................................................... 5.0 2.2 – – 2.5 2.5 – 1.9

Public administration ......................................... 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.4 1.6 1.3 – 1.2

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.4 1.1 0.7 – 2.1 1.4 – 1.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3.9 1.3 1.1 – 3.4 2.4 – 1.6

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.3 1.5 0.5 – 2.1 1.5 – 1.5

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.0 0.4 0.4 0.1 1.0 0.7 0.2 0.7

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2.0 0.7 0.7 0.4 1.7 1.2 – 1.4

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.4 0.5 0.4 3 ( ) 1.4 0.8 0.2 0.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 43. Standard errors for nonproduction bonuses: Access, state and local government workers, March

2021—continued

Characteristics

All

nonproduction

bonuses

Employee

recognition

bonus

End-of-year

bonus

Holiday

bonus

Payment in

lieu of

benefits

bonus

Longevity

bonus

Referral

bonus

Other

bonus1

State government .................................................. 2.1 1.0 – – 1.5 1.4 – 1.4

Local government .................................................. 1.1 0.3 0.5 0.2 1.2 0.6 0.1 0.8

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.1 – – – 1.9 1.0 – 1.2

New England ..................................................... 3.3 – – – 3.5 2.9 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.5 – – – 2.2 0.9 – 1.0

South ..................................................................... 1.2 0.5 0.7 0.3 1.4 0.8 – 1.0

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.7 0.8 1.1 0.4 2.7 1.2 – 1.6

East South Central ............................................ 2.9 – – 0.9 – 2.2 – 0.8

West South Central ........................................... 2.4 – – – 0.9 1.4 – 1.5

Midwest ................................................................. 1.8 0.6 – – 1.8 1.2 – 1.3

East North Central ............................................. 2.4 0.5 – – 2.2 1.1 – 1.5

West North Central ............................................ 2.4 – – – 3.0 2.7 – 2.6

West ...................................................................... 2.1 1.2 – – 1.9 0.8 – 1.1

Mountain ............................................................ 2.2 – – – 0.2 1.6 – 1.3

Pacific ................................................................ 2.8 1.4 – – 2.7 1.0 – 1.5

1 Includes all other bonuses provided to employees and not published separately. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and

below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021. 3 Less than 0.05.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary

of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 45. Unmarried domestic partner benefits: Access1, state and local

government workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Defined benefit

retirement survivor

benefits

Healthcare benefits

Same sex Opposite

sex Same sex Oppositesex

All workers ............................................................. 56 56 49 45

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 58 58 50 45

Professional and related .................................... 58 57 49 45

Teachers ........................................................ 60 59 48 44

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 63 62 50 46

Service ................................................................... 51 51 45 42

Protective service .............................................. 53 53 50 46

Sales and office ..................................................... 59 58 51 46

Office and administrative support ...................... 59 59 52 46

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 53 53 50 43

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 56 57 46 43

Full time ................................................................. 61 61 53 48

Part time ................................................................ 28 27 24 23

Union ..................................................................... 60 59 67 61

Nonunion ............................................................... 54 53 33 30

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 46 46 31 29

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 40 39 23 21

Second 25 percent ............................................ 56 56 51 47

Third 25 percent ................................................ 60 59 52 48

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 64 63 62 56

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 65 64 69 63

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 57 56 49 45

Education and health services ........................... 59 58 48 44

Educational services ...................................... 61 60 49 44

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 61 60 47 43

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 59 58 56 48

Health care and social assistance ................. 47 47 43 40

Hospitals .................................................... 47 48 38 36

Public administration ......................................... 55 56 51 47

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 55 54 47 45

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 48 47 48 44

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 63 61 46 46

100 workers or more .............................................. 57 57 50 44

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 52 53 42 40

500 workers or more .......................................... 59 58 53 47

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 45. Unmarried domestic partner benefits: Access1, state and local

government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Defined benefit

retirement survivor

benefits

Healthcare benefits

Same sex Opposite

sex Same sex Oppositesex

State government .................................................. 63 62 54 46

Local government .................................................. 54 54 47 44

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 62 62 68 62

New England ..................................................... 34 31 49 43

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 72 72 74 68

South ..................................................................... 56 56 25 22

South Atlantic .................................................... 50 51 26 21

East South Central ............................................ 62 60 22 21

West South Central ........................................... 61 63 24 25

Midwest ................................................................. 30 28 43 34

East North Central ............................................. 28 25 53 39

West North Central ............................................ 33 33 24 23

West ...................................................................... 78 77 79 77

Mountain ............................................................ 68 67 67 59

Pacific ................................................................ 82 82 85 85

1 The percentage of workers with access to the benefit reflects both the availability of the benefit and the

employer’s policy on providing the benefit to unmarried domestic partners. For more information, see

www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/employer-sponsored-benefits-extended-to-domestic-partners.htm. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. For definitions of major plans, key

provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 45. Standard errors for unmarried domestic partner benefits: Access1,

state and local government workers, March 2021

Characteristics

Defined benefit

retirement survivor

benefits

Healthcare benefits

Same sex Opposite

sex Same sex Oppositesex

All workers ............................................................. 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.3

Professional and related .................................... 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.5

Teachers ........................................................ 2.5 2.7 1.9 1.7

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.5 2.7 2.0 1.9

Service ................................................................... 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.6

Protective service .............................................. 2.3 2.3 2.7 3.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.8

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.6 1.7 1.9 1.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 4.3 4.2 3.6 3.8

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 4.6 4.7 4.5 4.4

Full time ................................................................. 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2

Part time ................................................................ 2.1 2.2 1.8 1.6

Union ..................................................................... 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.4

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.6

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.0

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.9

Third 25 percent ................................................ 2.2 2.3 1.9 2.0

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.5

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.5 2.5 2.1 2.2

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1

Education and health services ........................... 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.5

Educational services ...................................... 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.7

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 2.4 2.3 2.0 1.8

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.8 2.8 3.5 3.8

Health care and social assistance ................. 4.4 4.8 3.3 3.7

Hospitals .................................................... 6.1 6.4 4.2 5.2

Public administration ......................................... 1.1 1.3 1.7 1.7

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.2

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.8 2.8 3.6 3.5

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.8 2.8 3.4 3.0

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.3

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 3.3 3.0 2.0 2.1

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.2 1.3 1.8 1.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 45. Standard errors for unmarried domestic partner benefits: Access1,

state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Defined benefit

retirement survivor

benefits

Healthcare benefits

Same sex Opposite

sex Same sex Oppositesex

State government .................................................. 2.1 2.1 1.8 2.0

Local government .................................................. 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.9 2.9 2.4 2.9

New England ..................................................... 6.3 6.9 5.9 7.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2.8 2.4 2.2 3.0

South ..................................................................... 2.0 1.9 2.2 1.8

South Atlantic .................................................... 2.9 2.9 3.3 2.7

East South Central ............................................ 3.7 4.0 0.7 1.5

West South Central ........................................... 4.1 3.5 4.4 3.5

Midwest ................................................................. 2.3 2.7 1.9 1.7

East North Central ............................................. 1.9 2.7 2.1 1.9

West North Central ............................................ 5.6 6.0 3.3 2.9

West ...................................................................... 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.0

Mountain ............................................................ 4.9 5.2 6.2 5.0

Pacific ................................................................ 2.4 2.4 1.6 1.5

1 The percentage of workers with access to the benefit reflects both the availability of the benefit and the

employer’s policy on providing the benefit to unmarried domestic partners. For more information, see

www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/employer-sponsored-benefits-extended-to-domestic-partners.htm. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which

may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile

estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms"

at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 46. Medical care benefit combinations: Access, state and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Medical care and retirement benefits Medical care and life insurance benefits

Medical

care and

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Retirement

benefits

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and

life

insurance

benefits

Medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

Life

insurance

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

All workers ............................................................. 88 1 3 7 82 7 1 10

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 91 1 3 6 84 8 1 8

Professional and related .................................... 90 1 3 6 83 8 1 8

Teachers ........................................................ 92 – – 5 83 9 1 () 7

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 99 – – 1 88 11 – –

Service ................................................................... 80 2 5 13 76 6 1 17

Protective service .............................................. 90 – – 7 86 – – 9

Sales and office ..................................................... 88 1 3 7 83 7 1 ( ) 10

Office and administrative support ...................... 89 1 3 7 83 – – 10

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 94 – 3 – 89 6 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 84 – 6 10 78 6 – –

Full time ................................................................. 99 1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 92 7 1 () 1

Part time ................................................................ 21 3 24 52 18 6 5 71

Union ..................................................................... 94 1 3 2 88 7 1 4

Nonunion ............................................................... 83 1 4 12 77 7 1 15

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 70 2 8 19 65 7 2 26

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 60 3 11 27 55 7 1 36

Second 25 percent ............................................ 92 1 2 5 87 6 1 7

Third 25 percent ................................................ 97 1 ( ) 1 2 89 9 – –

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 95 1 ( ) 2 3 88 7 1 4

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 93 – 3 – 86 8 – –

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 88 1 3 8 82 7 1 10

Education and health services ........................... 89 1 4 6 82 8 1 9

Educational services ...................................... 89 1 4 6 81 9 1 9

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 89 1 4 6 80 10 1 9

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 89 – – 7 85 5 1 9

Health care and social assistance ................. 90 1 2 6 87 – – 9

Hospitals .................................................... 91 – – 6 87 – – 8

Public administration ......................................... 90 1 2 8 85 6 1 9

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 83 1 4 11 76 9 1 14

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 80 – – 14 72 – – 18

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 87 2 4 7 80 8 1 11

100 workers or more .............................................. 90 1 3 6 84 7 1 9

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 86 1 5 8 79 8 1 12

500 workers or more .......................................... 91 1 2 6 86 6 1 7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Medical care benefit combinations: Access, state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Medical care benefits and defined benefit

retirement

Medical care benefits and defined contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Defined

benefit

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

Defined

contribution

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

All workers ............................................................. 83 6 3 8 37 52 1 10

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 86 6 2 6 40 52 1 7

Professional and related .................................... 85 6 3 6 39 53 1 8

Teachers ........................................................ 89 3 2 5 37 55 – –

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 99 – – 1 32 67 – –

Service ................................................................... 75 7 4 14 31 51 2 16

Protective service .............................................. 87 3 3 7 34 56 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 83 6 3 8 38 51 1 9

Office and administrative support ...................... 84 6 3 7 38 52 1 9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 87 7 3 2 39 55 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 81 3 6 10 27 57 – –

Full time ................................................................. 93 6 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 42 58 – –

Part time ................................................................ 19 6 21 55 8 17 8 67

Union ..................................................................... 92 3 3 2 35 60 1 4

Nonunion ............................................................... 76 8 3 13 39 45 2 14

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 65 8 7 20 28 44 3 24

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 54 9 9 28 21 41 5 33

Second 25 percent ............................................ 86 7 2 5 40 53 1 6

Third 25 percent ................................................ 93 4 1 2 40 57 1 () 3

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 91 4 2 3 41 54 – –

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 89 5 3 3 45 49 – –

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 83 6 3 8 37 52 1 10

Education and health services ........................... 84 6 3 7 38 52 1 9

Educational services ...................................... 87 3 4 6 35 55 1 9

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 89 1 4 6 27 63 1 9

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 80 9 3 8 58 32 1 9

Health care and social assistance ................. 70 21 2 7 58 33 – –

Hospitals .................................................... 65 26 2 7 60 31 – –

Public administration ......................................... 86 5 1 8 37 53 1 9

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 80 5 4 11 28 57 2 13

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 75 6 4 15 25 56 2 17

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 83 5 4 8 31 57 2 10

100 workers or more .............................................. 84 6 3 7 40 51 1 9

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 84 3 5 8 31 56 1 11

500 workers or more .......................................... 85 7 2 6 44 48 1 7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Medical care benefit combinations: Access, state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Medical care and retirement benefits Medical care and life insurance benefits

Medical

care and

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Retirement

benefits

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and

life

insurance

benefits

Medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

Life

insurance

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

State government .................................................. 95 – – 4 91 5 – –

Local government .................................................. 86 1 5 9 79 8 1 12

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 86 2 5 7 80 7 1 11

New England ..................................................... 84 – – 9 83 7 – 10

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 87 1 ( ) 7 6 80 8 2 11

South ..................................................................... 92 1 2 6 84 9 1 7

South Atlantic .................................................... 90 1 2 8 84 7 1 9

East South Central ............................................ 91 – – 5 85 – – 8

West South Central ........................................... 95 – – 2 84 12 – –

Midwest ................................................................. 85 1 5 9 81 5 1 13

East North Central ............................................. 83 1 5 10 81 3 1 14

West North Central ............................................ 88 – – 6 82 – – 11

West ...................................................................... 87 1 3 10 80 – – 12

Mountain ............................................................ 86 – – 11 83 – – 13

Pacific ................................................................ 87 1 4 9 78 – – 12

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Medical care benefit combinations: Access, state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Medical care benefits and defined benefit

retirement

Medical care benefits and defined contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Defined

benefit

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

Defined

contribution

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

State government .................................................. 90 6 1 ( ) 4 52 44 – –

Local government .................................................. 81 6 4 9 32 55 2 11

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 83 5 5 7 34 54 1 11

New England ..................................................... 77 13 – – 16 74 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 85 2 6 7 40 47 1 12

South ..................................................................... 87 6 2 6 42 50 1 7

South Atlantic .................................................... 86 5 1 8 58 33 1 9

East South Central ............................................ 85 7 – – 41 51 – 8

West South Central ........................................... 89 7 1 3 21 75 – –

Midwest ................................................................. 79 7 5 9 39 47 3 11

East North Central ............................................. 77 7 5 11 46 39 3 12

West North Central ............................................ 83 6 4 7 25 64 1 10

West ...................................................................... 81 6 3 10 29 58 1 12

Mountain ............................................................ 76 10 2 11 33 53 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 84 4 3 9 27 60 – –

1 Less than 0.5. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of

major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 46. Standard errors for medical care benefit combinations: Access, state and local government workers,

March 2021

Characteristics

Medical care and retirement benefits Medical care and life insurance benefits

Medical

care and

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Retirement

benefits

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and

life

insurance

benefits

Medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

Life

insurance

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

All workers ............................................................. 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.8 0.2 0.6

Professional and related .................................... 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.8 0.2 0.6

Teachers ........................................................ 0.7 – – 0.6 1.2 1.1 0.1 0.8

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 0.3 – – 0.3 1.3 1.4 – –

Service ................................................................... 1.4 0.4 1.0 1.6 1.4 0.8 0.3 1.3

Protective service .............................................. 1.3 – – 1.4 1.8 – – 1.1

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.2 0.3 0.5 0.9 1.5 1.1 0.2 1.1

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.2 0.3 0.5 0.9 1.5 – – 1.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 1.3 – 1.1 – 2.1 1.9 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 4.7 – 2.5 2.9 4.8 1.5 – –

Full time ................................................................. 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.7 0.1 0.2

Part time ................................................................ 1.5 0.7 2.2 2.5 1.6 1.0 1.0 2.0

Union ..................................................................... 0.7 0.2 0.4 0.4 1.1 0.8 0.3 0.7

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.0 0.2 0.5 0.8 1.3 0.9 0.2 0.9

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.8 0.4 1.1 1.6 1.8 0.7 0.5 1.7

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.4 0.6 1.8 2.5 2.2 1.0 0.5 2.1

Second 25 percent ............................................ 0.9 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.2 0.8

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.9 – –

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 0.9 0.1 0.5 0.7 1.2 0.9 0.2 0.8

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.2 – 0.9 – 1.8 1.3 – –

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.6

Education and health services ........................... 0.7 0.2 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.8 0.2 0.7

Educational services ...................................... 0.7 0.2 0.5 0.4 1.2 0.9 0.3 0.7

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.8 0.2 0.7 0.4 1.5 1.2 0.3 0.8

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 1.6 – – 1.3 1.8 0.9 0.5 1.4

Health care and social assistance ................. 1.3 0.2 0.6 1.5 2.0 – – 1.2

Hospitals .................................................... 1.0 – – 1.5 2.7 – – 0.9

Public administration ......................................... 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.7 1.0 1.1 0.3 0.8

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.3 0.4 0.6 1.0 1.7 1.3 0.3 1.3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.0 – – 1.9 2.7 – – 1.9

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.3 0.4 1.0 1.1 1.9 1.8 0.3 1.3

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.6 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.4 0.2 1.1 0.8 2.3 1.5 0.3 1.4

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.7 1.3 1.0 0.2 0.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Standard errors for medical care benefit combinations: Access, state and local government workers,

March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Medical care benefits and defined benefit

retirement

Medical care benefits and defined contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Defined

benefit

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

Defined

contribution

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

All workers ............................................................. 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.3 0.6

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.5 1.1 1.2 0.3 0.5

Professional and related .................................... 0.9 0.6 0.3 0.5 1.1 1.2 0.3 0.5

Teachers ........................................................ 0.9 0.4 0.5 0.6 1.3 1.4 – –

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 0.3 – – 0.3 1.2 1.1 – –

Service ................................................................... 1.3 0.9 0.9 1.6 1.3 1.3 0.8 1.7

Protective service .............................................. 1.4 0.8 0.9 1.4 1.8 1.9 – –

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.4 1.0 0.5 1.0 1.9 1.8 0.3 1.1

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.4 0.9 0.5 0.9 2.0 1.8 0.3 1.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 2.0 1.9 1.1 1.0 3.1 3.1 – –

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 4.7 1.0 2.5 2.9 3.2 4.9 – –

Full time ................................................................. 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.9 – –

Part time ................................................................ 1.4 0.9 1.9 2.3 0.9 1.7 2.0 2.6

Union ..................................................................... 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.2 1.1 0.3 0.5

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.1 0.7 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.1 0.5 1.1

Average wage within the following categories:1

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.6 0.7 1.0 1.6 1.5 1.4 0.8 2.1

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 2.1 0.9 1.6 2.3 1.8 1.6 1.6 3.2

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.4 0.9 0.4 0.7 1.7 1.9 0.3 0.7

Third 25 percent ................................................ 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.4 1.2 1.4 0.1 0.5

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.7 1.6 1.7 – –

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 1.2 0.8 0.9 0.9 2.2 2.4 – –

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.3 0.6

Education and health services ........................... 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1 1.1 0.3 0.5

Educational services ...................................... 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.5 1.0 1.1 0.3 0.5

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 0.8 0.3 0.6 0.4 1.0 0.9 0.3 0.7

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 2.0 1.5 0.9 1.3 2.5 2.3 0.7 1.5

Health care and social assistance ................. 3.2 2.6 0.6 1.5 3.9 4.0 – –

Hospitals .................................................... 4.0 3.8 0.7 1.4 5.3 5.3 – –

Public administration ......................................... 1.1 0.9 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.2 0.3 0.8

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.4 0.9 0.6 1.0 1.8 2.0 0.5 1.4

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 2.2 1.3 0.8 1.8 2.7 3.0 0.7 2.2

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 1.7 1.1 0.9 1.1 2.5 2.7 0.6 1.2

100 workers or more .............................................. 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.5 1.0 1.1 0.3 0.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 1.7 0.7 1.1 0.9 2.0 2.2 0.6 1.3

500 workers or more .......................................... 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.7 1.3 1.3 0.3 0.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Standard errors for medical care benefit combinations: Access, state and local government workers,

March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Medical care and retirement benefits Medical care and life insurance benefits

Medical

care and

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Retirement

benefits

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

retirement

benefits

Medical

care and

life

insurance

benefits

Medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

Life

insurance

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care and no

life

insurance

benefits

State government .................................................. 0.8 – – 0.7 0.9 0.7 – –

Local government .................................................. 0.7 0.2 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.8 0.2 0.7

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.5 0.5 1.1 0.7 1.6 1.3 0.6 1.6

New England ..................................................... 1.6 – – 0.6 2.1 1.6 – 0.7

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.8 0.1 1.4 0.9 2.0 1.5 0.7 2.1

South ..................................................................... 0.9 0.2 0.4 0.6 1.2 1.1 0.2 0.6

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.5 0.4 0.5 1.0 1.6 1.3 0.5 1.1

East South Central ............................................ 1.9 – – 0.9 2.5 – – 1.1

West South Central ........................................... 1.1 – – 1.0 2.5 2.4 – –

Midwest ................................................................. 1.4 0.2 0.8 1.7 2.2 1.2 0.2 1.3

East North Central ............................................. 1.9 0.1 1.0 2.5 3.0 1.5 0.3 1.9

West North Central ............................................ 1.5 – – 1.2 2.6 – – 1.5

West ...................................................................... 1.4 0.2 0.6 1.0 1.8 – – 1.5

Mountain ............................................................ 1.9 – – 1.4 3.3 – – 1.9

Pacific ................................................................ 1.8 0.2 0.8 1.3 2.2 – – 1.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 46. Standard errors for medical care benefit combinations: Access, state and local government workers,

March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Medical care benefits and defined benefit

retirement

Medical care benefits and defined contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Defined

benefit

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

benefit

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and defined

contribution

retirement

Medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

Defined

contribution

retirement

and no

medical

care

benefits

No medical

care

benefits

and no

defined

contribution

retirement

State government .................................................. 1.3 1.0 0.1 0.8 2.0 2.1 – –

Local government .................................................. 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.4 0.8

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 1.5 0.4 1.0 0.8 2.0 2.0 0.4 1.3

New England ..................................................... 1.8 1.7 – – 4.5 5.0 – –

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1.8 0.5 1.3 1.0 2.2 1.9 0.5 1.7

South ..................................................................... 1.1 0.8 0.4 0.6 1.2 1.6 0.3 0.6

South Atlantic .................................................... 1.4 0.9 0.4 1.1 1.4 2.5 0.5 1.1

East South Central ............................................ 2.4 1.7 – – 4.5 4.0 – 1.3

West South Central ........................................... 2.4 1.8 0.6 1.0 2.2 2.6 – –

Midwest ................................................................. 1.0 1.1 0.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.0 2.1

East North Central ............................................. 1.0 1.6 0.7 2.2 1.9 1.2 1.5 3.2

West North Central ............................................ 2.0 0.9 1.2 1.4 2.8 3.5 0.7 1.0

West ...................................................................... 1.8 0.9 0.6 1.1 2.0 1.9 0.5 1.1

Mountain ............................................................ 3.1 1.4 1.0 1.4 4.5 3.5 – –

Pacific ................................................................ 2.1 1.2 0.8 1.4 2.0 2.3 – –

1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the

threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of

Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 47. Paid leave combinations: Access, state and local government workers, March 2021

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Personal

leave and

vacation

Personal

leave and

sick leave

Sick leave

and

vacation

Vacation

and

holidays

Personal

leave, sick

leave, or

paid family

leave1

Personal

leave, sick

leave, paid

family

leave, or

vacation1

Personal

leave,

vacation, or

holidays1

All workers ............................................................. 35 59 61 59 93 93 88

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 27 62 47 44 95 95 87

Professional and related .................................... 23 64 40 37 95 95 86

Teachers ........................................................ 9 69 14 10 95 95 81

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 8 82 11 7 100 100 87

Service ................................................................... 45 52 75 74 88 89 87

Protective service .............................................. 51 52 89 89 92 92 92

Sales and office ..................................................... 50 55 86 85 94 94 93

Office and administrative support ...................... 51 55 87 85 94 95 94

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 61 61 95 94 97 97 97

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 35 57 61 61 92 92 87

Full time ................................................................. 40 65 67 65 100 100 95

Part time ................................................................ 10 20 21 19 54 55 44

Union ..................................................................... 39 69 58 56 98 98 91

Nonunion ............................................................... 32 50 63 61 89 89 85

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 30 45 59 57 83 83 79

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 24 40 46 45 72 73 70

Second 25 percent ............................................ 49 57 85 83 96 96 95

Third 25 percent ................................................ 40 69 62 60 98 98 94

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 25 65 41 38 97 97 86

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 23 53 38 35 96 96 76

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 35 59 60 58 93 93 88

Education and health services ........................... 25 62 44 41 94 94 86

Educational services ...................................... 21 64 36 32 94 95 85

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 16 73 25 20 95 95 85

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 32 40 68 68 94 94 87

Health care and social assistance ................. 50 50 91 90 93 94 94

Hospitals .................................................... 51 51 90 90 93 94 93

Public administration ......................................... 53 54 91 91 93 93 93

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 32 61 55 52 90 90 86

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 35 54 62 62 87 88 85

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 30 68 48 44 93 93 88

100 workers or more .............................................. 36 58 62 60 94 94 89

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 37 63 60 59 92 92 89

500 workers or more .......................................... 36 56 63 61 95 95 89

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 47. Paid leave combinations: Access, state and local government workers, March 2021—continued

(All workers = 100 percent)

Characteristics

Personal

leave and

vacation

Personal

leave and

sick leave

Sick leave

and

vacation

Vacation

and

holidays

Personal

leave, sick

leave, or

paid family

leave1

Personal

leave, sick

leave, paid

family

leave, or

vacation1

Personal

leave,

vacation, or

holidays1

State government .................................................. 47 50 85 85 97 97 95

Local government .................................................. 32 62 52 50 92 92 86

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 45 72 56 56 93 93 86

New England ..................................................... 48 80 55 54 93 93 89

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 45 69 57 56 93 93 85

South ..................................................................... 31 56 62 59 94 94 92

South Atlantic .................................................... 40 61 65 64 92 92 90

East South Central ............................................ – 44 63 60 95 95 94

West South Central ........................................... 23 55 56 52 97 97 92

Midwest ................................................................. 36 64 56 53 90 91 88

East North Central ............................................. 39 66 55 54 89 90 87

West North Central ............................................ 30 60 57 52 93 93 90

West ...................................................................... 34 48 67 64 95 95 84

Mountain ............................................................ 25 46 62 57 91 91 86

Pacific ................................................................ 39 49 70 68 97 97 83

1 Includes workers with access to one or more of these leave benefits. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 47. Standard errors for paid leave combinations: Access, state and local government workers,

March 2021

Characteristics

Personal

leave and

vacation

Personal

leave and

sick leave

Sick leave

and

vacation

Vacation

and

holidays

Personal

leave, sick

leave, or

paid family

leave1

Personal

leave, sick

leave, paid

family

leave, or

vacation1

Personal

leave,

vacation, or

holidays1

All workers ............................................................. 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related ................ 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.7

Professional and related .................................... 1.5 1.2 1.4 1.3 0.7 0.7 0.8

Teachers ........................................................ 1.9 1.3 1.8 1.8 0.9 0.9 1.0

Primary, secondary, and special education

school teachers ........................................ 2.2 0.9 2.3 2.2 0.2 0.2 0.8

Service ................................................................... 2.1 2.2 1.3 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.0

Protective service .............................................. 3.4 3.4 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.0

Sales and office ..................................................... 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.4 0.9 0.9 1.1

Office and administrative support ...................... 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.4 0.9 0.9 1.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 4.3 4.3 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.1

Production, transportation, and material moving ... 4.6 4.3 3.8 4.7 2.9 2.9 3.0

Full time ................................................................. 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.4

Part time ................................................................ 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.3 1.7

Union ..................................................................... 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.4 0.4 0.7

Nonunion ............................................................... 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.3 0.8 0.8 0.7

Average wage within the following categories:2

Lowest 25 percent ............................................. 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.3

Lowest 10 percent ......................................... 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.6

Second 25 percent ............................................ 1.9 2.0 1.2 1.4 0.6 0.7 0.8

Third 25 percent ................................................ 2.1 1.6 2.1 2.2 0.4 0.4 0.7

Highest 25 percent ............................................ 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.5 0.8 0.8 1.1

Highest 10 percent ........................................ 2.7 1.8 2.7 2.5 1.0 1.0 1.8

Establishment characteristics

Service-providing industries .................................. 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5

Education and health services ........................... 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.6 0.6 0.7

Educational services ...................................... 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.1 0.6 0.6 0.8

Elementary and secondary schools ........... 1.4 1.0 1.5 1.3 0.6 0.6 0.9

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 3.0 3.0 2.1 1.9 1.2 1.2 1.5

Health care and social assistance ................. 5.3 5.2 1.3 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.2

Hospitals .................................................... 7.7 7.6 1.5 2.0 1.2 1.2 1.0

Public administration ......................................... 2.3 2.2 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7

1 to 99 workers ...................................................... 1.8 2.1 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.3

1 to 49 workers .................................................. 3.2 3.5 2.8 2.7 2.0 1.9 2.3

50 to 99 workers ................................................ 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.2 1.2 1.2 1.4

100 workers or more .............................................. 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.1 0.5 0.5 0.6

100 to 499 workers ............................................ 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.1 1.1 1.2

500 workers or more .......................................... 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.4 0.6 0.6 0.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 47. Standard errors for paid leave combinations: Access, state and local government workers,

March 2021—continued

Characteristics

Personal

leave and

vacation

Personal

leave and

sick leave

Sick leave

and

vacation

Vacation

and

holidays

Personal

leave, sick

leave, or

paid family

leave1

Personal

leave, sick

leave, paid

family

leave, or

vacation1

Personal

leave,

vacation, or

holidays1

State government .................................................. 1.7 1.8 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.8

Local government .................................................. 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.7

Geographic areas

Northeast ............................................................... 2.9 1.5 2.5 2.4 1.3 1.4 1.6

New England ..................................................... 3.9 3.0 2.6 2.0 0.7 0.7 3.0

Middle Atlantic ................................................... 3.3 1.7 3.1 3.0 1.8 1.8 1.8

South ..................................................................... 2.1 2.0 1.7 1.6 0.8 0.7 0.6

South Atlantic .................................................... 3.0 3.1 1.3 1.6 1.3 1.3 0.9

East South Central ............................................ – 6.1 8.8 8.1 0.6 0.5 1.1

West South Central ........................................... 1.8 2.1 2.0 1.6 1.1 1.1 1.3

Midwest ................................................................. 2.3 1.9 1.3 1.7 1.0 0.9 1.2

East North Central ............................................. 2.6 2.3 2.0 2.2 1.5 1.4 1.4

West North Central ............................................ 4.6 3.3 1.0 2.8 0.5 0.6 2.4

West ...................................................................... 2.5 2.7 1.5 1.1 0.8 0.8 1.1

Mountain ............................................................ 5.8 6.1 2.7 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.1

Pacific ................................................................ 2.4 2.7 1.8 1.2 0.6 0.6 1.3

1 Includes workers with access to one or more of these leave benefits. 2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both

above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2021.

Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at

www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Technical Note

Measures of reliability

Measures of reliability are available for published estimates, which provide users a measure of the 

precision of an estimate to ensure that it is within an acceptable range for their intended purpose. For 

further information see Technical Information about Standard Errors for Benefit Estimates.

Comparing private and public sector data

Employee benefits in state and local government should not be directly compared to private industry. 

Differences between these sectors stem from factors such as variation in work activities and 

occupational structures. Manufacturing and sales, for example, make up a large part of private industry 

work activities but are rare in state and local government. Administrative support and professional 

occupations (including teachers) account for two-thirds of the state and local government workforce, 

compared with one-half of private industry.

Civilian workers

Statistics for private industry and state and local government are published separately and then 

combined to measure the civilian economy. Excluded from the civilian economy are workers employed 

in federal government and quasi-federal agencies, military personnel, agricultural workers, volunteers, 

unpaid workers, individuals receiving long-term disability compensation, and those working overseas. In 

addition, private industry excludes workers in private households, the self-employed, workers who set 

their own pay (e.g., proprietors, owners, major stockholders, and partners in unincorporated firms), and 

family members paid token wages.

Leave benefits for teachers

Primary, secondary, and special education teachers may have a work schedule of 37 or 38 weeks per 

year aligning with the school year. Because of this work schedule, they are generally not offered 

vacations or holidays. In many cases, the time off during winter and spring breaks during the school year 

are not considered vacation days for the purposes of this survey.

Access
Employees are considered to have access to a benefit plan if it is available for their use. For example, if 

an employee is permitted to participate in a medical care plan offered by the employer, but the 

employee declines to do so, he or she is placed in a category with those having access to medical care.

Participation

Employees in contributory plans are considered participants in an insurance or retirement plan if they 

have paid required contributions and fulfilled any applicable service requirements. Employees in 

noncontributory plans are counted as participating regardless of whether they have fulfilled the service 

requirements. (Note: Incidence can mean either access or rates of participation in a benefit plan.)

Take-up rates

Take-up rates are the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan. They are 

computed by using the number of workers participating in a plan divided by the number of workers with 

access to the plan, multiplied by 100, and rounded to the nearest one percent. Since the computation of 

take-up rates is based on the number of workers collected rather than rounded percentage estimates, 

the take-up rates in the tables may not equal the ratio of participation to access estimates.

Medical care premiums

The estimates for medical care premiums are not based on actual decisions regarding medical coverage 

made by employees; instead they are based on the assumption that all employees in the occupation can 

opt for single or family coverage. Monthly premiums are collected when possible. Annual premiums are 

converted to monthly premiums by dividing by 12 months.

Retirement plans

Differences in retirement plan participation are influenced by type of plan offered. In defined benefit 

plans participation is often mandatory, after meeting eligibility requirements, while participation in 

defined contribution plans is often voluntary.

Average hourly wage percentiles

Estimates by worker average wage are grouped into six wage categories- the lowest 10 percent, the 

lowest 25 percent, the second 25 percent, the third 25 percent, the highest 25 percent, and the highest 
10 percent. The categories use percentile values based on unpublished March 2019 wages and salaries 

from the BLS Employer Costs for Employee Compensation publication.

The percentiles are computed using hourly wages and salaries along with scheduled hours of work 

reported for individual workers in sampled establishments. Establishments in the survey are asked to 

report only individual worker wages and salaries for each sampled job. For the calculation of the 

percentile values, the individual worker hourly wages and salaries are weighted and arrayed from lowest 

to highest. The values corresponding to the percentiles are:

Characteristics

Average hourly wage percentiles

10 25

50

(median) 75 90

Civilian workers $12.00 $15.01 $21.00 $33.81 $51.59

Private industry workers $11.74 $15.00 $20.00 $32.20 $50.78

State and local government 

workers $14.73 $19.48 $28.99 $41.01 $56.26

The lowest 10- and 25-percent wage categories include those occupations with an average hourly rate 

less than the 10th percentile value and 25th percentile value, respectively. The second 25-percent 

category includes those occupations with rates at or above the 25th percentile value but less than the 

50th percentile value. The third 25-percent category includes those occupations with rates at or above 

the 50th percentile value but less than the 75th percentile value. Finally, the highest 25- and 10-percent 

wage categories include those occupations with an average hourly wage greater than or equal to the 

75th percentile value and 90th percentile value, respectively.

Individual workers can fall into a wage category different from the average for the occupation into 

which they are classified because average hourly wages for the occupation are used to produce the 

benefit estimates.

Interpreting the tables

All estimates shown in the table are based on the set of workers specified in the statement underneath 

the table title and on any subsets indicated by column headers. For example, the statement may 

indicate that "All workers = 100 percent" or "All workers with paid sick leave = 100 percent." 
Sample rotation

One-third of the private industry sample is rotated each year except in years when the government 

sample is replaced. The government sample is replaced less frequently than the private industry sample. 

The state and local government sample was replaced in its entirety for the March 2017 reference 

period.

Survey Methods

For technical information on survey methods, see the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation 

Measures. The Concepts section provides definitions for worker and establishment characteristics, 

including geographic areas. 

Additional Information

For articles on employee benefits, see the Monthly Labor Review benefits section and Beyond the 

Numbers: Pay and Benefits, and The Economics Daily. Benefit publications from 1980 to the present are 

available through the publications archive. In addition, the benefits database may also be used to obtain 

data from 1985 to 2006 and 2010 to the present. 
Appendix table 1. Survey establishment response, March 2021

Establishments Civilian Private industry State and local

governments

Total in sampling frame1 ................................ 6,609,357 6,378,656 230,701

 Total in sample ............................................ 11,486 9,890 1,596

 Responding2 .............................................. 7,439 6,007 1,432

 Refused3 .................................................... 3,265 3,125 140

 Out of business or not in survey scope ..... 782 758 24

1 The sampling frame was developed from state unemployment insurance reports and is based on the 2017

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). With some minor exceptions, an establishment is a

single economic unit that engages in one, or predominantly one, type of economic activity. For private industry,

the establishment is usually at a single physical location such as a mine, factory, office, or store; if a sampled

establishment is owned by a larger entity with many locations, only the employment and characteristics of the

establishment selected for the sample are considered for the survey. For state and local governments, an

establishment can include more than one physical location, such as a school district or a police department. 2 Establishments that provided data at the initial interview. 3 Establishments that did not provide data at the initial interview. Data for establishments not responding at

the time of update interviews are imputed. For information on nonresponse adjustment and imputation, see

“National Compensation Measures,” BLS Handbook of Methods available at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Appendix table 2. Number of workers represented,1

 March 2021

Occupational group2 Civilian workers Private industry

workers

State and local

government

workers

All workers ..................................................... 133,015,300 114,522,100 18,493,200

Management, professional, and related .... 42,453,700 31,901,500 10,552,200

Management, business, and financial ... 13,097,300 11,575,200 –

Professional and related ........................ 29,356,300 20,326,300 9,030,100

Teachers ........................................... 6,437,400 – 4,854,300

Primary, secondary, and special

education school teachers ........... 4,512,400 – 3,700,000

Registered nurses ............................. 2,641,600 – –

Service ...................................................... 29,325,300 25,485,300 3,840,000

Protective service .................................. 3,059,400 1,184,600 1,874,800

Sales and office ......................................... 31,647,100 29,062,000 2,585,100

Sales and related .................................. 12,447,800 12,373,400 –

Office and administrative support .......... 19,199,300 16,688,600 2,510,700

Natural resources, construction, and

maintenance ............................................ 11,073,600 10,296,800 776,800

Construction, extraction, farming,

fishing, and forestry ............................. 5,806,400 5,383,500 –

Installation, maintenance, and repair .... 5,267,200 4,913,300 –

Production, transportation, and material

moving ..................................................... 18,515,600 17,776,500 739,100

Production ............................................. 8,703,600 8,585,800 –

Transportation and material moving ...... 9,812,000 9,190,700 –

1 The numbers of workers represented by the survey are rounded to the nearest 100. For information on 

weighting, see the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures available at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm. 

2 The Standard Occupational Classification system is used to classify workers.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no estimates for

this characteristic are provided in this publication.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.

Data Correction

The BLS issued a correction to the appendix table 2. Additional information is available at www.bls.gov/errata.