04130001070

Oak Orchard Creek

04120104

Tonawanda Creek

800

700

600

900

GS237

GS236

GS220

GS218

GS445

GS402

GS401

GS451

GS350

GS359

GS364

GS242

GS238

GS476

GS389 GS453

GS430

GS418

GS358

GS546

GS440

GS330

GS416

GS589

GS576

GS484

GS498

GS385

GS357

GS309

78°15'

78°15'

78°17'30"

78°17'30"

78°20'

78°22'30" 78°20'

43°05' 43°05'

43°02'30" 43°02'30"

43°

43°07'30" 43°07'30"

43°

78°22'30"

OAKFIELD, NY

ERIE

GENESEE

LIVINGSTON

MONROE

NIAGARA ORLEANS

WYOMING

AKRON

OAKFIELD

BATAVIA

NORTH

BYRON

CHURCHVILLE

CORFU

ALEXANDER

BATAVIA

SOUTH

STAFFORD

LE ROY

Carbonate

Study Area

Plate 1 Plate 2 Plate 3 Plate 4 Plate 5

Plate 7 Plate 6 Plate 9 Plate 8 Plate 10

Prepared in cooperation with the

NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION

U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Geological Survey

Base from NYSDOT Mapping and GIS Section,

1998, accessed in 2009 at

http://www.nysgis.state.ny.us/gisdata/

Land use from National Land Cover Data 2001,

Resolution 1 arc-second (approx. 30m)

Soils from United States Department of Agriculture, 

Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) Database

accessed in 2009 at http://soildatamart.nrcs.usda.gov

State Plane Coordinate System, Zone 3103, 

North American Datum 1983

Hydrogeologic and Geospatial Data for the Assessment of Focused Recharge

to the Carbonate-Rock Aquifer in Genesee County, New York

By

James E. Reddy and William M. Kappel

2010

Map 2—This map provides the location of major drainage 

basin divides in Genesee County (Oatka, Black, Tonawanda, 

and Oak Orchard Creek drainage basins) and the location of 

all wells used in the carbonate-rock aquifer study and wells 

located north or south of the study area. The locations of 

wells within the study area were verified using office 

methods, or by field verification; however, the locations of 

wells outside the study area were not verified. Therefore, 

bedrock surface contours represent a generalized surface, 

especially outside the study area. Anthropogenic features 

(quarries and mines) are also shown on this map. The 

location of agricultural land uses (cropland, hay and pasture, 

in light brown shading), and the “shallow-to-bedrock” soils 

are shown using a hachured pattern. These 

“shallow-to-bedrock” soils have an infiltration rate of 1.42 to 

5.67 inch per hour (in/hr), and bedrock with associated 

solution-widened fractures or karst features may be present 

at or just below the land surface. Four additional 

shallow-to-bedrock” soils (Aurora, Benson, Wassaic, and 

Rubbleland) that have lower infiltration rates but have been 

associated with manure application and groundwater 

contamination in Genesee County also are shown.

SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS MAP 3132

Geology, land use, and wells used in the study,

Oakfield, Genesee County, NY—PLATE 2, MAP 2

Reddy, J.E., and Kappel, W.M., 2010, Hydrogeologic and geospatial data for the assessment

of focused recharge to the carbonate-rock aquifer in Genesee County, New York;

U.S. Geological Survey, Scientific Investigations Map 3132, 20 plates, 1:24,000 scale.

Carbonate-rock aquifer study area

boundary 

Cropland/hay/pasture

Basin boundary, hydrologic unit code,

and name

04120104

Tonawanda Creek

Shallow soils with infiltration rates ranging

from 1.42 to 5.67 inches per hour

Altitude of bedrock surface, in feet

above sea level (NAVD 88); intermediate contours are 25-foot intervals

NYS Department of Environmental

Conservation

NYS Department of Transportation

NYS Thruway Authority

SSURGO exposed bedrock

USGS GWSI

Bedrock data source

GS434

GS281

GS231

GS242

Mine or quarry

Sand or gravel pit

Inactive quarry

Anthropogenic features

Number is well number assigned by

U.S. Geological Survey; two-letter prefix denotes 

Genesee County.

Aurora, Benson, Wassaic, and Rubbleland

soils

700

EXPLANATION

MAP SERIES 2

1,000 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 FEET

1 .5 0 1 KILOMETER

SCALE 1:24 000

1 1/ 2 0 1 MILE