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RULE 4354 GLASS MELTING FURNACES (Adopted September 14, 1994; Amended April 

16, 1998; Amended February 21, 2002, Amended August 17, 2006) 

1.0 Purpose 

The purpose of this rule is to limit emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide 

(CO), volatile organic compounds (VOC), and oxides of sulfur (SOx) from glass melting 

furnaces. 

2.0 Applicability 

The provisions of this rule shall apply to any glass-melting furnace. 

3.0 Definitions 

3.1 Air-fuel Firing: operation of a glass melting furnace where greater than 50% of 

the oxidant for the fuel comes from ambient air. 100% air-fuel fired means 

operation of a glass melting furnace where the oxidant is exclusively ambient air. 

3.2 APCO: as defined in Rule 1020 (Definitions). 

3.3 ARB: California Air Resources Board. 

3.4 Block 24-hour Average: the arithmetic average of the hourly NOx emission rates 

of a furnace as measured over 24 one-hour periods, daily, from 12:00 AM to 

11:59 PM, excluding periods of system calibration. 

3.5 Carbon Monoxide (CO): emissions of carbon monoxide, a colorless and odorless 

gas resulting from incomplete combustion of fuel. 

3.6 Commercial Propane: a gaseous fuel composed primarily of propane. 

3.7 Container Glass: any glass manufactured by pressing, blowing in molds, 

drawing, rolling, or casting which is used as a container. 

3.8 EPA: United States Environmental Protection Agency. 

3.9 Fiberglass: material consisting of fine filaments of glass that are combined in yarn 

and woven or spun into fabrics, or that are used as reinforcement in other 

materials or in masses as thermal or as acoustical insulating products for the 

construction industry. 

3.10 Flat glass: any glass produced by the float, sheet, rolled, or plate glass process 

which is used in windows, windshields, tabletops, or similar products. 
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3.11 Furnace Battery: two or more glass melting furnaces that exhaust to a common 

stack. 

3.12 Furnace Rebuild: a cold tank repair which is commenced after the end of a 

furnace campaign period or expected life cycle of a furnace. For the purpose of 

compliance deadline in Section 7.1, the effective date of a furnace rebuild is the 

date of the start of the furnace shutdown. 

3.13 Idling: the operation of a furnace at less than 25 percent of the permitted glass 

production capacity or fuel use capacity as stated on the Permit to Operate (PTO). 

3.14 Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG): LPG is a general term for the following gases: 

commercial propane, commercial butane, propane-butane (PB) mixtures, and 

special duty propane, although some people consider commercial propane separate 

from LPG. 

3.15 Multiple Furnaces: two or more glass melting furnaces at a single facility that do 

not exhaust to a common stack. 

3.16 Normal Business Hours: Monday through Friday, 8:00 am to 5:00 pm. 

3.17 Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx): the sum of oxides of nitrogen in the flue gas, 

collectively expressed as nitrogen dioxide (NO2). 

3.18 Oxides of Sulfur (SOx): the sum of compounds containing sulfur and oxygen, 

such as sulfur dioxide (SO2) and sulfur trioxide (SO3). 

3.19 Oxygen-Assisted Combustion: operation of a glass melting furnace where the 

oxidant is greater than the oxygen content in ambient air or greater than 20.9 

percent oxygen. 

3.20 Oxy-fuel Fired: operation of a glass melting furnace where greater than 50% of 

the oxidant for the fuel is provided from enriched oxygen streams. 

3.21 Parts Per Million by Volume (ppmv): the ratio of the number of gas molecules of 

a given species or group of species, to the number of millions of a total gas 

molecules. 

3.22 Parts Per Million by Weight (ppm): the ratio of the weight of the given species or 

group of species, to the weight of total mixture and the ratio multiplied by one 

million. 

3.23 Permitted Glass Production Capacity: the maximum pull rate as stated in the 

Permit to Operate (PTO). 
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3.24 Potential to Emit: as defined in Rule 2201 (New and Modified Stationary Source 

Review Rule). 

3.25 Primary Furnace Combustion System: the burners in a furnace that are used 

during production of glass. 

3.26 PTO: a Permit To Operate issued by the District. 

3.27 PUC-quality Natural Gas: a gaseous fuel that meets the requirements specified in 

California Public Utilities Commission (PUC) General Order 58-A. PUC-quality 

natural gas also means that the sulfur content is no more than one-fourth (0.25) 

grain of hydrogen sulfide per one hundred (100) standard cubic feet and no more 

than five (5) grains of total sulfur per one hundred (100) standard cubic feet. 

3.28 Pull Rate: the amount of glass coming out of a glass melting furnace, expressed 

in short tons per day. 

3.29 Rolling 30-day Average: the arithmetic average of the daily emission rates of a 

furnace over a contiguous 30-day period, excluding periods of system calibration. 

3.30 Shutdown: the period of time during which a glass-melting furnace is taken 

from an operational to a non-operational status by allowing it to cool down from 

its operating temperature to a cold or ambient temperature as the fuel supply is 

turned off. 

3.31 Start-up: the period of time, after initial construction or a furnace rebuild, during 

which a glass melting furnace is heated to operating temperature by the primary 

furnace combustion system, and systems and instrumentation are brought to 

stabilization. 

3.32 Stationary Source: as defined in Rule 2201 (New and Modified Stationary Source 

Review Rule). 

3.33 Volatile Organic Compound (VOC): as defined in Rule 1020 (Definitions). 

4.0 Exemptions 

4.1 Except for Section 6.8, the provisions of this rule shall not apply to electric glass 

melting furnaces where all the heat is supplied by an electric current from 

electrodes submerged in the molten glass, except that heat may be supplied by 

other fuels for start-up when the furnace contains no molten glass. 

4.2 Except for Section 6.8, the provisions of this rule shall not apply to any glassmelting furnace that is part of a stationary source with a total potential to emit, 
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for all processes, of less than ten (10.0) tons per year of NOx and less than ten 

(10.0) tons per year of VOC. 

4.3 The emission limits in Section 5.1 Table 1 shall not apply during periods of startup, shutdown, or idling, provided the operator complies with the applicable 

requirements of Sections 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, and 6.7. 

5.0 Requirements 

5.1 Except as specified in Section 4.3, the operator of any glass melting furnace shall 

not operate a furnace in such a manner that results in NOx, CO, or VOC 

emissions exceeding the limits in Table 1. The deadlines to comply with the 

emission limits are specified in Section 7.0. 

Table 1 NOx, CO, and VOC Emission Limits 

Tier 1 Emission 

Limits Tier 2 Emission Limits 

Type of 

Furnace 

Combustion 

Type NOx NOx CO VOC 

100% AirFuel Fired 5.5 lb/ton of glass 

pulled 

4.0 lb/ton of glass 

pulled on a block 

24-hour average 

300 ppmv 20 ppmv Container 

Glass or 

Fiberglass OxygenAssisted 

Combustion 

5.5 lb/ton of glass 

pulled 

4.0 lb/ton of glass 

pulled on a block 

24-hour average 

1.0 lb / ton 

of glass 

pulled 

0.25 lb / 

ton of glass 

pulled 

100% AirFuel Fired See Section 5.7 

9.2 lb/ton of glass 

pulled on a block 

24-hour average 

and 

7.0 lb/ton of glass 

pulled on a rolling 

30-day average 

300 ppmv 20 ppmv 

Flat Glass 

OxygenAssisted 

Combustion 

See Section 5.7

9.2 lb/ton of glass 

pulled on a block 

24-hour average 

and 

7.0 lb/ton of glass 

pulled on a rolling 

30-day average 

0.9 lb / ton 

of glass 

pulled 

0.1 lb / ton 

of glass 

pulled 

5.2 In order to limit SOx emissions, all glass melting furnaces subject to Table 1 

emission limits shall fire on PUC-quality natural gas, commercial propane, or 

LPG on and after March 31, 2008. Liquid fuel may be used as backup fuel or 
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standby fuel provided the liquid fuel contains no more than 15 ppm of sulfur and 

the furnace exhaust is controlled by a SOx emission control system with control 

system efficiency of 50% or greater. 

5.3 Start-up Requirements 

5.3.1 The operator shall submit a request for a start-up exemption to the APCO, 

ARB, and EPA in conjunction with or in advance of an application for 

Authority to Construct (ATC) associated with a furnace rebuild. 

5.3.2 The operator shall submit to the APCO, ARB, and EPA any information 

deemed necessary by the APCO, ARB, or EPA to determine the 

appropriate length of start-up exemption. This information shall include, 

but is not limited to: 

5.3.2.1 A detailed list of activities to be performed during start-up, and 

a reasonable explanation for the length of time needed to 

complete each activity, and 

5.3.2.2 A description of the material process flow rates, system 

operating parameters, etc., that the operator plans to evaluate 

during the process optimization, 

5.3.2.3 Clearly identified control technologies or strategies to be 

utilized, 

5.3.2.4 Explicit description of what physical conditions prevail during 

start-up periods that prevent the controls from being effective, 

and 

5.3.2.5 Reasonably precise estimate as to when physical conditions will 

have reached a state that allows for the effective control of 

emissions. 

5.3.3 Start up exemptions shall begin upon activation of the primary combustion 

system. 

5.3.4 The actual length of the start-up exemption shall be determined by the 

APCO, ARB, and EPA at the time of the ATC issuance, but in any case, it 

shall not exceed the amount of time specified in Table 2. The approval for 

the startup exemption shall be in writing from each agency. 
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Table 2 – Maximum Start-up Time 

Type of Furnace 

Maximum Start-up 

NOx control system that does not 

meet Section 5.3.4.2 provisions 

Maximum Start-up 

NOx control system that 

meets Section 5.3.4.2 

provisions 

Container glass 70 days 100 days 

Fiber glass 40 days 105 days 

Flat glass 104 days 208 days 

5.3.4.1 Maximum start-up time for furnaces with NOx controls that do 

not meet any of the conditions of 5.3.4.2 is listed in the center 

column of Table 2. 

5.3.4.2 Maximum start-up time column as shown in the rightmost 

column of Table 2 shall be the maximum startup time if the 

NOx control system meets one or more of the following 

conditions: 

5.3.4.2.1 Is innovative, 

5.3.4.2.2 Is not in common use, 

5.3.4.2.3 Is not readily available from a commercial supplier, 

5.3.4.2.4 Is funded as original research by a public agency. 

5.3.5 During start-up period, the stoichiometric ratio of the primary furnace 

combustion system shall not exceed 5% excess oxygen, as calculated from 

the actual fuel and oxidant flow measurements for combustion in the glass 

melting furnace. 

5.3.6 The emission control system shall be in operation as soon as 

technologically feasible during start-up to minimize emissions. 

5.3.7 Notifications shall be performed and records kept in accordance with 

Section 6.7. 

5.4 Shutdown Requirements 

5.4.1 The duration of shutdown, as measured from the time the furnace 

operations drop below the idle threshold specified in Section 3.13 to when 

all emissions from the furnace cease, shall not exceed 20 days. 
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5.4.2 The emission control system shall be in operation whenever 

technologically feasible during shutdown to minimize emissions. 

5.4.3 Notifications shall be performed and records kept in accordance with 

Section 6.7. 

5.5 Idling Requirements 

5.5.1 The emission control system shall be in operation whenever 

technologically feasible during idling to minimize emissions. 

5.5.2 The NOx, CO, and VOC emission during idling shall not exceed the 

amount as calculated using the following equation: 

Pounds per day emission limit of NOx, VOC, or CO = (Applicable Tier 1 or 

Tier 2 emission limit in pounds emissions per ton of glass produced) x (Furnace 

permitted production capacity in tons of glass produced per day) 

5.5.3 Notifications shall be performed and records kept in accordance with 

Section 6.7. 

5.6 Compliance Determination 

5.6.1 The emissions measured for compliance with Tier 1 NOx limits and Tier 

2 CO and VOC limits shall be averaged over a three hour period in 

accordance with the applicable test methods in Section 6.5, or, if a 

continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) or an alternate emission 

monitoring method is used, the applicable requirements of Sections 6.6.1 

or 6.6.2, respectively. 

5.6.2 Any source testing result, CEMS or alternate emission monitoring 

method averaged value exceeding the applicable emission limits in 

Section 5.1 shall constitute a violation of the rule. 

5.7 The Tier 1 NOx emission limit for flat glass furnaces shall be calculated using 

the following equation: 

NOx Limit = (32 lb NOx per ton of glass pulled) – [(0.2 lb NOx per ton of 

glass pulled) x CF] 

Where: 

x 100%

Permitted Production Capacity in tons per day

Glass Pull Rate in tons per day CF =
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5.8 In lieu of each furnace complying individually with the Tier 2 emission limits in 

Section 5.1, the owner operator of a furnace battery or multiple furnaces may 

comply with this rule according to Section 9.0. 

5.9 The operator of any glass melting furnace shall implement a NOx CEMS or a 

NOx alternate emissions monitoring method on each furnace, that is approved, 

in writing, by the APCO, ARB, and EPA, and that meets the requirements of 

Sections 6.6. For a furnace battery, a single CEMS or alternate emissions 

monitoring method may be used to determine the total NOx emissions from all 

the furnaces provided the emission measurements are made at the common 

stack. The operator of a glass melting furnace not subject to the Table 1 limits 

of this rule before August 17, 2006 that becomes subject to Table 1 limits on 

August 17, 2006 shall implement an approved monitoring system by March 31, 

2008. 

6.0 Administrative Requirements 

6.1 Permitted Glass Production Capacity and Fuel Use Capacity 

Each glass melting furnace’s PTO shall include either 6.1.1 or 6.1.2 or both as 

a permit condition. 

6.1.1 The furnace’s permitted glass production capacity in units of tons of 

glass pulled per day; or 

6.1.2 The furnace’s maximum fuel use capacity in units of million British 

thermal units per hour or per day (MMBtu/hr or MMBtu/day). 

6.2 Emission Control Plan (ECP) 

6.2.1 The operator of any glass melting furnace subject to the provisions of 

this rule on February 21, 2002 shall submit to the APCO an ECP in 

accordance with the compliance schedule in Section 7.1 which identifies 

all actions to be taken to satisfy the requirements of Section 5.0. Such 

plan shall identify the type of emission controls, CEMS or alternate 

emission monitoring method to be applied to each glass melting furnace 

and a construction schedule. The method used for determining pull rate 

shall be submitted. If the pull rate calculation method is changed, the 

new calculation method shall be submitted within 30 days from the date 

of such change. If a furnace is already achieving Section 5.1 Tier 2 

emission limits prior to the compliance deadline specified in Section 7.1 

Table 3 Tier 2, the ECP shall include CEMS or alternate emission 

monitoring data, or source tests results that are sufficient to demonstrate 

compliance with all the requirements of this rule. 
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6.2.2 An operator of a glass melting furnace not subject to the Table 1 limits 

of this rule before August 17, 2006 that becomes subject to the Table 1 

limits on August 17, 2006 shall submit an ECP to the APCO by 

February 17, 2007. The ECP shall contain, at minimum, the following 

information: 

6.2.2.1 The type of emission controls to be used to meet the 

requirements of Section 5.0. 

6.2.2.2 Whether CEMS or alternate emission monitoring will be used 

for emission monitoring. 

6.2.2.3 The method used to calculate pull rate. If the calculation 

method is changed, the new calculation method shall be 

submitted within 10 calendar days from the date of such 

change. 

6.2.2.4 The construction schedule, should construction be necessary to 

meet the requirements of this rule. 

6.2.2.5 If a furnace is achieving Section 5.1 Tier 2 emission limits 

before March 31, 2008, the ECP shall include emission 

monitoring data or source test results that are sufficient to 

demonstrate compliance with all requirements of the rule. 

6.3 Operations Records 

6.3.1 Until the full compliance date for Tier 2 emission limits specified in 

Section 7.1, the operator of any glass melting furnace subject to the 

provisions of this rule before February 21, 2002 shall maintain an 

operating log for each furnace that includes, on a monthly basis: the total 

hours of operation; type and quantity of fuel used in each furnace; and 

the quantity of glass pulled. The owner shall maintain records of source 

tests and operating parameters established during initial source test, 

maintenance, repair, malfunction, idling, shutdown, and start-up. This 

information shall be made available on site during normal business hours 

for a period of five years, and submitted to the APCO upon request. 

6.3.2 Effective on and after the full compliance date for Tier 2 emission limits 

specified in Section 7.1, the owner of any glass melting furnace subject 

to the emission limits of Table 1 before February 21, 2002 shall maintain 

the records specified in Sections 6.3.2.1, 6.3.2.2, and 6.3.2.3 for a 

period of five years, make them available on site during normal business 

hours, and submit them to the APCO, ARB, or EPA upon request. 
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6.3.2.1 Daily records of the total hours of operation, type and quantity 

of fuel used in each furnace, and/or the quantity of glass pulled 

from each furnace whichever matches the permit condition in the 

furnace’s PTO. 

6.3.2.2 Daily records of NOx emission rate in lb/ton of glass pulled. 

6.3.2.3 Records of source tests and operating parameters established 

during initial source test, maintenance and repair, malfunction, 

and idling, start-up and shutdown. 

6.3.3 The operator of a glass furnace that is not subject to the emission limits of 

Table 1 prior to August 17, 2006 that becomes subject to the Table 1 

emission limits on August 17, 2006 shall maintain the following records: 

6.3.3.1 Daily records of total hours of operation and type of fuel used in 

each furnace. 

6.3.3.2 Daily records or either the quantity of fuel used by each furnace 

or the quantity of glass pulled from each furnace, whichever 

matches the permit condition in the furnace’s PTO. 

6.3.3.3 Daily records of NOx emission rate in lb/ton of glass pulled. 

6.3.3.4 Records of source tests and operating parameters established 

during initial source test, maintenance and repair, and 

malfunction. 

6.3.4 The operator shall retain the records specified in Sections 6.3.3.1 through 

6.3.3.4 for a period of five years, make them available on site during 

normal business hours to the APCO, ARB, or EPA, and submit them to 

the APCO, ARB, or EPA upon request. 

6.4 Compliance Source Testing 

6.4.1 Each glass melting furnace or a furnace battery shall be source tested at 

least once every calendar year, but not more than every 18 months and 

not sooner than every 6 months to demonstrate compliance with the 

applicable requirements of Section 5.0. 

6.4.2 Source test conditions shall be representative of normal operations, but 

not less than 60 percent of either the permitted glass production capacity 

or the furnace’s maximum fuel use capacity for each furnace, whichever 

limit is stated in the furnace’s PTO. 
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6.4.3 For source testing performed in accordance with Section 6.4.1, the 

arithmetic average of three (3) 30-consecutive-minute test runs shall apply. 

If two of the three runs individually demonstrate emissions above the 

applicable limit, the test cannot be used to demonstrate compliance for 

the furnace, even if the averaged emissions of all three test runs is less 

than the applicable limit. 

6.5 Test Methods 

Compliance with the requirements of Section 5.0 shall be determined in 

accordance with the following source test procedures or their equivalents as 

approved by the EPA, ARB, and the APCO: 

6.5.1 Oxides of nitrogen – EPA Method 7E, EPA Method 19, or ARB Method 

100. 

6.5.2 Carbon monoxide (ppmv) – EPA Method 10, or ARB Method 100. 

6.5.3 Volatile Organic Compound (ppmv) – EPA Method 25A expressed in 

terms of carbon. EPA Test Method 18 or ARB Method 422 shall be 

used to determine emissions of exempt compounds. 

6.5.4 Stack gas oxygen, carbon dioxide, excess air, and dry molecular weight 

– EPA Method 3 or 3A, or ARB Method 100. 

6.5.5 Stack gas velocity and volumetric flow rate – EPA Method 2. 

6.5.6 The SOx emission control system efficiency shall be determined using the 

following: 

6.5.6.1 EPA Method 2 for measuring flow rates; and 

6.5.6.2 EPA Method 6C or EPA Method 8 for measuring total SOx 

(expressed as SO2) concentrations at the inlet and outlet of the 

control device. 
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6.5.6.3 The SOx emission control system efficiency shall be calculated 

using the following equation: 

% Control Efficiency = [ (CSO2, inlet – CSO2, outlet) / CSO2, inlet ] X 100 

Where: 

CSO2, inlet = concentration of SOx (expressed as SO2) at the inlet side of 

the SOx emission control system, in lb/dscf 

CSO2, outlet = concentration of SOx (expressed as SO2) at the outlet side 

of the SOx emission control system, in lb/dscf 

6.6 Emissions Monitoring Systems 

6.6.1. An approved CEMS shall comply with all of the following requirements: 

6.6.1.1 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 51; 

6.6.1.2 40 CFR Part 60.7; 

6.6.1.3 40 CFR Part 60.13; 

6.6.1.4 40 CFR Part 60 Appendix B (Performance Specifications); 

6.6.1.5 40 CFR Part 60 Appendix F (Quality Assurance Procedures); 

and 

6.6.1.6 Applicable sections of Rule 1080 (Stack Monitoring). 

6.6.2 An approved alternate emissions monitoring method shall be capable of 

determining the furnace emissions on an hourly basis and shall comply 

with the following requirements: 

6.6.2.1 42 FR 54900 (Compliance Assurance Monitoring); and 

6.6.2.2 40 CFR 60.13 (Monitoring Requirements). 

6.7 Notifications and Records for Start-up, Shutdown, and Idling 

6.7.1 The operator of any glass melting furnace claiming an exemption under 

Section 4.3 shall notify the APCO by telephone at least 24 hours before 

initiating idling, shutdown, or start-up. The notification shall include: 

date and time of the start of the exempt operation, reason for performing 

the operation, and an estimated completion date. 
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6.7.2 The operator shall notify the APCO by telephone within 24 hours after 

completion of the start-up, shutdown, or idling. 

6.7.3 The operator claiming exemption under Section 4.3 shall maintain all 

operating records/support documentation necessary to support claim of 

exemption. 

6.7.4 Records/support documentation required by Section 6.7.3 shall meet the 

following requirements: 

6.7.4.1 The records/support documentation shall be retained on-site for 

five years. 

6.7.4.2 The records/support documentation shall be made available to 

the APCO, ARB, or EPA during normal business hours. 

6.7.4.3 The records/support documentation shall be submitted to the 

APCO, ARB, or EPA upon request. 

6.8 Records for Exempt Furnaces 

6.8.1 An operator claiming exemption under Section 4.1 or Section 4.2 shall 

maintain records/documentation necessary to support claim of 

exemption. 

6.8.2 Records/support documentation specified in Section 6.8.1 shall meet the 

following requirements: 

6.8.2.1 The records/documentation shall be retained on-site for five 

years after exemption is lost. 

6.8.2.2 The records/documentation shall be made available to the 

APCO, ARB, or EPA during normal business hours. 

6.8.2.3 The records/documentation shall be submitted to the APCO, 

ARB, or EPA upon request. 

7.0 Compliance Schedule 

7.1 The operator of any flat glass, container glass, or fiberglass melting furnace 

subject to Table 1 limits of this rule before February 21, 2002 shall demonstrate 

full compliance with the provisions of this rule not later than the schedules in 

Table 3. 
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Table 3 Compliance Schedule 

Emission 

Limits 

Emission Control Plan 

(ECP) 

Authority to Construct 

(ATC) Application Full Compliance 

Tier 1 3/14/95 3/14/95 5/31/95 

Tier 2 

12 months prior to next 

furnace rebuild after 1/1/99 

and no later than 3/31/2007 

9 months prior to next 

furnace rebuild after 

1/1/99 and no later than 

6/31/2007 

Next furnace rebuild 

after 1/1/99 and no later 

than 3/31/2008 

7.2 For furnaces subject to this rules before February 21, 2002, as shown in Section 

7.1 Table 3, the column labeled: 

7.2.1 “Emission Control Plan (ECP)” identifies the date by which the operator 

shall submit an Emission Control Plan according to Section 6.2.1, or 

Section 9.0. 

7.2.2 “Authority to Construct (ATC) Application” identifies the date by which 

the operator shall submit a complete application for Authority to 

Construct (ATC) for any necessary modifications to each glass melting 

furnace. 

7.2.3 “Full Compliance” identifies the date by which the operator shall 

demonstrate that each furnace is in compliance after start-up with the 

emission limits in Section 5.1 and after which, the operator shall remain 

in compliance with the applicable emission limits in Section 5.1. 

7.3 A glass melting furnace not subject to the Table 1 limits of this rule before 

August 17, 2006 that becomes subject to the Table 1 limits on August 17, 2006 

shall be in full compliance with the requirements of this rule by March 31, 

2008, unless otherwise specified in the rule requirements. 

8.0 Calculations 

 8.1 The NOx emission rate in ppmv shall be converted to lb/hr by using the 

appropriate conversion equations in ARB Method 100, EPA Method 19, or an 

equivalent conversion method approved, in writing, by each of the following: 

APCO, ARB, and EPA. The NOx mass emission rate in lb/hr shall be 

converted to lb NOx/ton of glass pulled according to the following equation: 

Pull rate in tons hr

lb hr of NOx lb NOx ton of glass pulled // / =

8.2 100% air-fuel fired furnaces which have concentration limits in ppmv values 

shall be subject to the CO and VOC emission limits specified in Section 5.1. 
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These limits are referenced at dry stack gas conditions and 8.0 percent by 

volume of stack oxygen. The CO and VOC emission concentrations shall be 

corrected to 8.0 percent oxygen by using the equation below, or an equivalent 

correction method that is approved, in writing, by each of the following: 

APCO, ARB, and EPA. 

x (ppmv CO ) 20.9% (% O )

12.9%

(ppmv CO ) = measured measured 2

corrected −

x (ppmv VOC )

20.9% (% O2 )

12.9%

(ppmv VOC ) = measured

measured

corrected −

8.3 The operator of a oxy-fuel fired furnace, oxygen-assisted combustion furnace, 

or a furnace utilizing any fuel oxidants other than 100% ambient air, shall 

submit to the APCO, ARB, and EPA for approval any methodologies and data 

that will be used to calculate emission rates for NOx, CO, and VOC if the 

methods are different than specified in Sections 8.1 or 8.2. Unless the operator 

received prior written approval from APCO, ARB, and EPA of all the 

calculation methods to be used that are different than specified in Sections 8.1 or 

8.2, compliance with the emissions limits cannot be fully demonstrated, and it 

shall be deemed to be a violation of the rule. 

9.0 Furnace Battery or Multiple Furnaces Control 

As an alternative to complying with Section 5.1 Tier 2 NOx emission limits and Section 

7.0, the operator of a furnace battery or multiple furnaces shall operate the furnace 

battery or multiple furnaces pursuant to Sections 9.1 through 9.7. Any violation of the 

requirements below shall be considered a violation of this rule, and a violation of the 

aggregated emission limits shall constitute a violation for each furnace for the entire 

averaging time. 

Any operator who elects to comply with Section 9.0 in lieu of complying with the 

requirements of Section 5.1 Tier 2 NOx emission limits and Section 7.0 shall be subject 

to a 10% environmental air quality benefit pursuant to the EPA’s Emissions Trading 

Policy. NOx emissions shall be at least 10% lower than the limits specified in Section 

5.1 Tier 2. The furnace shall not be subject to this requirement if the operator can 

demonstrate compliance by operating an approved CEMS or an approved alternate 

monitoring method for each furnace in accordance with the provisions of Section 6.6. 

9.1 The operator shall submit an ECP and a complete ATC in accordance with 

schedules in Section 7.1. The ECP shall: 
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9.1.1 contain, in addition to the requirements of Section 6.2, all data, records, 

and other information necessary to determine eligibility of a furnace 

battery or multiple furnaces for NOx emission control under Section 9.0, 

including, but not limited to: 

9.1.1.1 a list of furnaces subject to the ECP; 

9.1.1.2 estimated aggregate emission levels as determined in 

accordance with Section 9.7; and 

9.1.1.3 estimated aggregate glass production rates. 

9.1.2 detail the method of recording and verifying daily compliance with the 

ECP. 

9.2 The operator shall submit an updated or modified ECP for approval by the 

APCO, ARB, and EPA prior to any modification to the furnace(s) which 

requires an ATC as outlined in Rule 2010 (Permits Required). 

9.3 The ECP schedule for achieving reduced NOx emission levels shall be at least 

as expeditious as the schedule were each furnace to comply individually with the 

emission limits in Section 5.1 Tier 2 and the compliance schedule in Section 

7.1. 

9.4 The daily aggregate NOx emissions, as determined in accordance with Section 

9.7, shall be no greater than those obtained by controlling each furnace to 

comply individually with the limits in Section 5.1 Tier 2. 

9.5 The operator shall conduct source testing of the furnace according to the 

requirements of Section 6.4. 

9.6 Determination of Compliance 

9.6.1 The operator shall calculate and record on a daily basis the aggregated 

NOx emissions of furnaces which are subject to an ECP. Such records 

shall be kept for a period of five years. The operator shall notify the 

APCO of any violation of Section 9.4 within 24 hours. The notification 

shall include: 

9.6.1.1 name and location of the facility; 

9.6.1.2 identification of furnace(s) causing the exceedances; 

9.6.1.3 the cause and the expected duration of exceedances; 
SJVUAPCD 4354 - 17 8/17/06 

9.6.1.4 calculation of actual NOx, CO and VOC emissions; 

9.6.1.5 corrective actions and schedules to complete the work. 

9.6.2 The operator shall demonstrate compliance with the requirements of 

Section 9.4 through CEMS data or approved alternate emission 

monitoring methods, and source test results. 

9.7 Determination of Aggregated NOx Emissions 

9.7.1 The aggregated NOx emissions of a furnace battery are the NOx 

emissions as measured at the common stack divided by the sum of the 

daily glass pulled from each furnace. 

9.7.2 The aggregated NOx emissions of multiple furnaces are the sum of the 

daily NOx emissions of each furnace divided by the sum of the daily 

glass pulled from each furnace. 
SJVUAPCD 4354 - 18 8/17/06 

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