**GAO-10-678**                      Published: Jul 29, 2010. Publicly Released: Jul 29, 2010.                  

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## Highlights

Ice formation on aircraft can disrupt the smooth flow of air over the wings and prevent the aircraft from taking off or decrease the pilot's ability to maintain control of the aircraft. Takeoff and landing operations can also be risky in winter weather. Despite persistent efforts by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and others to mitigate icing risks, icing remains a serious concern. GAO reviewed (1) the extent to which commercial airplanes have experienced accidents and incidents related to icing, (2) FAA's inspection and enforcement activities related to icing, (3) the efforts of FAA and others to improve safety in winter weather, and (4) the challenges that continue to affect aviation safety in winter weather. GAO analyzed data obtained from FAA, the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and others. Further, GAO obtained information from FAA and NTSB officials and representatives of key aviation industry stakeholders.

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## Topics

Transportation

Accident preventionAir traffic control systemsAir transportationAircraftAircraft accidentsAircraft safetyAviationCommercial aviationPlanningRisk assessmentSafety regulationSafety standardsTechnology assessmentTransportation safetyWeatherStakeholder consultations