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OATS: A STAND/^kdlÄD

SYSTEM OF NOMENGLATiLJRE

FOR GENES ÁÑO^ ="*'' ^

CHROMOSOMES

AND CATALOG OF GENES

GOVERNING CHARACTERS

IN COOPERATION WITH IOWA AGRICULTURE

AND HOME ECONOMICS EXPERIMENT STATION

.^S^x UNITED STATES AGRICULTURE PREPARED BY

((iJkM DEPARTMENT OF HANDBOOK ) SCIENCE AND

^%^ AGRICULTURE NUMBER 509 / EDUCATION

ADMINISTRATION
On January 24, 1978, four USDA agencies—Agricultural Research Service

(ARS), Cooperative State Research Service (CSRS), Extension Service (ES),

and the National Agricultural Library (NAL)—merged to become a new

organization, the Science and Education Administration (SEA), U.S.

Department of Agriculture.

This publication was prepared by the Science and Education Administration's Federal Research staff, which was formerly the Agricultural Research

Service.

For sale by the Supcnnteiidenl; of DocumciU.s, U,S. Government Pnnliag Oilicc

Wasliington, D.G. 20402

Stock No, 001-000-03774-Ü
CONTENTS

Page

Introduction 1

Rules for symbolizing genes and

chromosomes of oats 2

Oat genes and assigned symbols 4

Cataloging and symbolizing genes discovered

in the future 23

References 24

Washington, D.C. Issued April 1978
Oats; A Standardized System Of Nomenclature

For Genes And Chromosomes And Catalog

Of Genes Governing Characters

M. D. Simons, J. W. Martens, R, 1. H. McKenzie, I. Nishiyama,

K. Sadanaga, J. Sebesta, and H. Thomas^

INTRODUCTION

In 1966, a set of rules for symbolization of genes governing characters

in oats and a list of genes were published by a committee that had been

assigned this task (Simons, Zillinsky, and Jensen, 1966),^ This publication

emphasized the need for a unified system, and noted that standardized

systems of genetic nomenclature had been established for corn (Emerson,

Beadle, and Fraser, 1935), barley (Robertson, Wiebe, and Immer, 1941),

and wheat (Ausemus, Harrington, Reitz, and Worzella, 1946). These and

other reports on gene nomenclature were studied before the rules for oat

genes were adapted from the guide by the International Committee on

Genetic Symbols and Nomenclature (Tanaka et al., 1957).

Experience has shown that this system is basically sound. It can be used

with ease by people who are interested in the facets of basic and applied

genetics of oats. Since publication of the original set of rules and list of

genes, however, several errors have been noted, and many new genes have

been discovered. Evidence shows that the rules needed certain minor

revisions and some expansion to cover additional aspects of oat genetics.

Also, new or revised systems, reflecting new developments and concepts in

the field, have been published or proposed for wheat (Kimber and Sears,

1968; Mclntosh, 1973), and for barley (Ramage, 1972).

With these thoughts in mind, a second committee, consisting of the

authors, was formed, and this publication is the result of their work.

^Cooperative investigation between the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of

Agriculture, Ames, Iowa 500II, and the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment

Station (Project No. 1752, Journal Paper No. J-8641).

^Simons, Plant pathologist. Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa 50011; Martens and MacKenzie, plant pathologist and cerealist, Research

Branch, Agriculture Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Nishiyama, professor emeritus.

Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan; Sadanaga, geneticist, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa 50011; Sebe'sta, plant

pathologist, Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague, Czechoslovakia; and Thomas,

geneticist, Welsh Plant Breeding Station, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, United

Kingdom.

3Authors and year of publication (italic) in parentheses refer to References, p. 24.

1
RULES FOR SYMBOLIZING GENES AND

CHROMOSOMES OF OATS

The rules for oat gene nomenclature published in 1966 (Simons, Zillinsky, and Jensen, Î966) were based on the report (Tanaka et al., 1957) of

a committee appointed by the Permanent International Committee for

Genetics Congresses, The general rules established by the Tanaka Committee remain as the basic guide to the rules for oat gene nomenclature.

Rules for nomenclature of aneuploids in wheat were established by

Kimber and Sears (1968). A summary of the most applicable of these

rules, adapted for oats, also is included in our list of rules. (The original

publication should be consulted when additional details or examples of

the symbolization of aneuploids are needed.)

1. Symbols of genes, derived from the English name of the character

involved or from the Latin name of the organism, as in the case of reaction to a pathogen or insect, will be written in Roman letters. The basic

symbol will begin with a capital letter, and, with the exception of genes

for reaction to living organisms, this symbol will stand for the dominant

alíele where only two alíeles, one dominant, are known. A recessive alíele

may be indicated by starting the symbol with a small letter. Symbols for

all alíeles for reaction to living organisms will start with a capital letter

(see rule 2). Each symbol will be short, suggestive, different from all other

symbols used for oat genes, and contain not more than one capital letter.

2. Two or more genes governing expression of the same character,

or otherwise conditioning phenotypically similar effects, will be designated by a common basic symbol. This means that all genes governing

reaction to a specific disease organism, without reference to races of the

pathogen or cultivars of the host, will have the same basic symbol. Similarly, all genes governing electrophoretically detectable isozymes of the

same enzyme will have the same basic symbol. Within a basic symbol,

nonallelic loci will be distinguished by an Arabic numeral on the same line

after a hyphen following the basic symbol. The first locus discovered for a

character will be assigned the number 1, the second 2, and so on. Members of allelic series will be distinguished by small letters that follow

immediately after the locus number. The letters a and b will refer to the

original allele-pair. For alíeles governing reaction to living organisms, the

letter a will refer to the alíele conditioning resistance and b for the alíele

conditioning susceptibility, regardless of dominance relationships.

3. Genes identified by use of aneuploids will be given symbols on

the same basis as any other genes. Descriptions of such genes will indicate

that they were identified by means of aneuploidy and include monoeffect

and nullieffect, where appropriate.

4. Inhibitors, suppressors, enhancers, lethals, and sterility genes will

be designated, by the symbols I, Su, En, L, and S, or if they are recessive.
i, su, en, 1, and s followed by a hyphen and the symbol of the gene

affected.

5. No "wild type" will be recognized as a standard type, and genes

occurring in diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid species will be included in

a single system.

6. Linkage groups and corresponding chromosomes will be designated by Arabic numerals.

7. Genie formulas will be written as fractions, with the maternal

alíeles written as numerators. Each fraction will correspond to a single

linkage group. Different linkage groups written in numerical sequence are

separated by semicolons. Symbols of unlocated genes will be placed

within parentheses at the end of the formula. In euploids and aneuploids,

the gene symbols will be repeated as many times as there are homologous

loci.

8. Symbols of extrachromosomal factors will be enclosed within

brackets and will precede the formula.

9. Chromosomal aberrations will be indicated by abbreviations: Df

for deficiency, Dp for duplication, In for inversion, T for translocation,

and Tp for transposition. A summary of rules specifically for nomenclature of aneuploids are:

a. Complete chromosomes will be designated by Arabic numerals. This rule will apply to chromosomes paired in homologous bivalents,

trivalents or other multivalents, and also in the unpaired monosomic condition.

b. Telocentric chromosomes will be designated by the letter t,

whether or not the telocentric chromosome is involved in a pairing configr^^

uration. If the telocentric chromosome is paired with a complete chromosome, the telocentric designation will precede the complete chromosome

designation.

c. Isochromosomes will be designated by the small letter i,

whether or not the isochromosome is involved in a pairing configuration,

d. Nullisomics will be indicated by the symbol O, followed by

the symbols indicating which chromosome is absent.

e. The ability of chromosomes to pair will be indicated by

superscripts following the chromosome symbols. For example, a euploid

plant of Avena sativa will be designated as 21", and a monosomic deficiency as 20" + r.

f. At the time this is being written, there is no consensus among

different investigators regarding numbering schemes for the chromosome

complement. Therefore, rules on designation of chromosomes are being

delayed until a standard numbering system can be devised.

10. The zygotic number of chromosomes will be indicated by 2n, the

gametic number by n, and the basic number by x.
OAT GENES AND ASSIGNED SYMBOLS

A survey of literature reporting genetic studies of oats attempted to

determine which reports duplicated the discoveries of earlier investigators.

This often necessitated making more or less arbitrary decisions, in general, for genes gaverning disease reaction, a gene reported by second and

subsequent investigators in the same or obviously related cultivars was

assumed the same as the gene first reported in that cuhivar for that character unless a different gene was evident. Genes conditioning the same

basic character, but reported from unrelated cultivars, were assumed to be

neither identical nor allelic unless there were some reason.

For genes of characters other than disease reaction, genes governing

expression of the same character were assumed identical if they were

reported from oats having the same genome constitution, unless there

were some reason to think otherwise.

The genes, or loci, recognized are listed alphabetically by symbol. The

reference given after each symbol is usually, but not always, the earliest

reported discovery of the gene based on the committee's investigations.

References listed after the description report additional studies of the gene

or pertain to genes now tentatively regarded as the same gene. Future

investigations or a more critical examination of existing data may show

that some of these reports actually dealt with distinct genes. When this

occurs, such genes will be assigned their own numbers. Descriptions, symbols, and pages on which they appear follow:

Awnedness (A) 5

Awn pubescence (Ap) ......., 6

Basal articulation (Ba) 6

Blast (Bl) 7

Chlorophyll deficiency-albino (Cda) 7

Chlorophyll deficiency-chlorina (Cdc) 7

Chlorophyll deficiency-lutescens (Cdl) 7

Chlorophyll deficiency-netting (Cdn) 8

Chlorophyll deficiency-stripe (Cds) 8

Chlorophyll deficiency-albovirescens (Cdv) 8

Ditylenchus dipsaci reaction (Dd) 8

Dwarfness (Dw) 8

Esterase (E) , 8

Erysiphe graminis reaction (Eg) ................ 8

Floret disjunction (Fd) 9

Floret development (Fl) ,....... 9

Fatuoid (Ft) 9

Gametophyte (Gf) 9

Giantism (Gi) 9
Heterodera avenue reaction (Ha) 9

Helminthosporium vicîoriae reaction (Hv) 9

Peduncle development (Kn) 9

Kernel pubescence (Kp) 10

Lethal (L) 10

Lemma color (Lc) 10

Lemma fluorescence (Lf) 11

Ligule development (Lg) II

Leaf necrosis (Ln) 12

Lemma pubescence (Lp) 12

Lemma waxiness (Lw) 12

Maturity (Ma) 12

Multiple glumes (Mg) 12

Male sterility (Ms) 12

Naked seed (N) 13

Nonheading (Nh) 13

Nodal pubescence (Np) 13

Phosphatase (P) 13

Puccinia coronata reaction (Pc) 13

Puccinia graminis reaction (Pg) 18

Pseudomonas coronafaciens reaction (Psc) 20

Panicle type (Pt) 20

Peroxidase (Px) 20

Rachilla pubescence (Rp) 21

Straw color (Sc) 21

Synapsis (Syn) 21

Toxoptera graminium reaction 21

Ustilago kolleri and U. avenue reaction 22

Gene

Symbol Reference and description

A-1. Norton {1907). Gene conditioning awnedness in cultivated

hexaploid oats. Dominance and expressivity variable. NilssonEhle {1914), Surface {1916), Zinn and Surface {1917), Love

and Fraser {1917), Wilds {1917), Love and Craig {1918b),

Fraser {1919), Henning {1924), Reed and Stanton {1925),

Cotner {1929), Tschermak {1929), Shaw and Bose {1933), Philp

{1933), Johnson {1933), Aamodt et al, {1934), De Villiers

{1935), Tang {1938), Torrie {1939), Ko et al. {1946), Coffman

{1964).
A-2. Zade {1912). Gene conditioning awnedness in wild hexaploid

oats. Dominance and expressivity variable. Possibly pleiotropic for basal articulation. Surface (1916), Love and Fraser

{1917), Wilds {1917), Love and Craig {1918b), Tschermak

(1929), Philp {1933), Aamodt et al. {1934),

A-3. Wiggans {1918). A second gene conditioning awnedness in wild

hexaploid oats. Dominance and expressivity variable. Possibly

pleiotropic for basal articulation. Reed and Stanton {1925),

Tschermak (/92P), Coffman {1964).

A-4. Jones {1940). Gene conditioning awnedness in diploid and tetraploid oats. Possibly pleiotropic for basal articulation. Dyck

(1966).

A-5. Nishiyama {1933). Gene for absence of awns on primary and

secondary floret. Discovered by monosomic analysis.

ap-i. Tang (iPJÄ). Recessive gene conditioning awn pubescence in

strains of A. sterilis macrocarpa.

Ba-1. Surface {1916). A generally partly dominant gene conditioning

the "cultivated" type of basal articulation of the primary floret

in crosses with species and varieties having "wild" type basal

articulation. Wilds {1917), Wiggans {1918), Love and Craig

{1918b), Fraser {1919), Henning {1924), Coffman et al. {1925),

Goulden {1926), Tschermak {1929), Ma {1933), Philp {1933),

Shaw and Bose {1933), Aamodt et al (/Pi4), Middleton

{1938), Tang {1938), Hayes et al {1939), Torrie {1939), Ko et

al (i94o), Kehr and Hayes (/950), Day {1963), Coffman

{1964).

Ba-2. Tschermak {1929), Second gene conditioning "cultivated" type

of basal articulation of the primary floret in crosses between

A. sativa, and between A. fatua and A. sterilis.

Ba-3. Ko et al {1946). Gene conditioning "cultivated" type of basal

articulation of the primary floret in SD334, complementary

with Ba-4.

Ba-4. Ko et al {1946), Gene conditioning "cultivated" type of basal

articulation of the primary floret in SD334, complementary

with Ba-3.

Ba-5, Jones {1940). Dominant gene conditioning "wild" type basal

articulation of the primary floret in diploid and tetraploid species of Avena, complementary with Ba-6. Designated "X."

Ba-6. Jones {1940). Second dominant gene conditioning "wild type"

basal articulation of the primary floret in diploid and tetraploid species of /4ve«û, complementary with Ba-5. Designated "Y."

Ba-7. Nishiyama {1973). Gene for wild type of basal articulation of
primary and secondary ñorets, in progeny of A. barbata x A,

strigosa. Designated "W,"

Ba-8, Nishiyama (1973). Complementary gene conditioning, with ba7b, basifracture of the secondary floret, hypostatic to Ba-7, in

progeny of A, barbata x A. strigosa. Designated "B."

Ba-9. Nishiyama {1933). Dominant gene for the cultivated type of

basal articulation of the primary and secondary floret. Discovered by monosomic analysis.

Bl-1. Mackie (1928). Partly dominant gene for resistance to blast in

Kanota,

cda-1. Nishiyama (1941). Gene for chlorophyll deficiency-albino,

linked to ma-1 and L-1, in progeny of A. barbata x A.

strigosa. Designated "al," "G," and "C." Nishiyama (1934).

cda-2. Nishiyama (1957). Gene for chlorophyll deficiency-albino,

linked to Lp-9 and Lc-12, in progeny of A. barbata x A.

strigosa.

cda-3. Smith (1938). Recessive gene for chlorophyll deficiency-albino

found in progeny of Victoria.

Cda-4. McGinnis and Taylor (1961). Gene for normal chlorophyll

production (nullieffect). ST chr 21 (Rajhathy's karyotype,

1963). McGinnis et al. (1963).

Cda-5. McGinnis and Andrews (1962). Gene for normal chlorophyll

production (nullieffect). SM chr 15 (Rajhathy's karyotype,

1963).

Cda-6. McGinnis (1966). Gene for normal chlorophyll production

(nullieffect) reported by Dyck and Rajhathy (1965). McGinnis

et al. (1968).

cdc-1. Âkerman and Froier (1941). Gene conditioning chlorophyll

deficiency-chlorina in Golden Rain. Designated "Chlor 1."

Froier (1946), Morey and Earhart (1952).

cdc-2. Âkerman and Froier (1941). Gene conditioning chlorophyll

deficiency-chlorina in Golden Rain, Designated "Chlor 2."

Froier (1946).

cdc-3. Âkerman and Froier (/9¥i). Gene conditioning chlorophyll

deficiency-chlorina in Golden Rain. Designated "Chlor 3."

Froier (1946).

cdc-4. Nishiyama (1957). Recessive gene for yellow plant color, in

progeny of A. barbata x A. strigosa.

cdl-1. Froier (1946). Gene conditioning chlorophyll deficiency»

lutescens in Novahavre. Designated "Lp." Âkerman (1922).

cdl-2. Froier (1946). Second gene conditioning chorophyll deficiencylutescens in Novahavre. Designated "Ln," Âkerman (1922).

cdl-3. Froier (1946). Gene conditioning chlorophyll deficiency-
lutescens in the variety Swedish. Designated "Ls." Âkerman

(1922).

cdn-1. Chang and Sadanaga {1964), Gene conditioning ehlorophyll

deficiency-netting in A 382-91-2, on Monosome A. Designated

"nt-1."

cdn-2. Chang and Sadanaga (1964). Gene conditioning chlorophyll

deficiency-netting in A 382-91-2.

cds-1. Coffman {1964). Gene conditioning chlorophyll deficiencystripe (yellow) in Burt.

cds-2. Coffman {1964). Second gene conditioning chlorophyll deficiency-stripe (yellow) in Burt.

cds-3. Coffman {1964). Third gene conditioning chlorophyll deficiency-stripe (yellow) in Burt.

cdv-1. Froier {1948). Gene conditioning chlorophyll deficiencyalbovirescens. Abrams ei a/. (/96^).

Dd-1. Griffiths and Holden (i957). Dominant gene carried by Gray

Winter for resistance to the stem eelworm, Ditylenchus dipsaci

(Kühn). Filipjev.

dw-1. Warburton {1919). Recessive gene conditioning grassy dwarfness in plants derived from Victory.

Dw-2. Stanton {1923). Gene for semidwarfness in progeny of Winter

Turf X Sixty Day. Designated "D." Cotner {1929), Florell

{1931), Litzenberger (i949e).

Dw-3. Stanton {1923). Gene for semidwarfness in progeny of Aurora

X Pringle Progress. Cotner {1929), Florell {1931), Litzenberger

{1949b).

Dw-4. Derick {1930). Gene for semidwarfness in Trelle Dwarf. Patterson et al. {1963).

dw-5. Nishiyama (/957). Recessive gene for dwarfness, in progeny of

A. barbata x A. strigosa.

Dw-6, Brown and McKenzie {1976).^ A completely dominant gene for

dwarfness in a Harmon derivative induced by irradiation.

E-1. Marshall and Allard {1969). Gene for esterase in certain strains

of Avena barbata. Designated "E4."

E-2. Marshall and Allard {1969). Gene for esterase in certain strains

of Avena ¿arZ?a/ö. Designated "E9."

E-3. Marshall and Allard {1969). Gene for esterase in certain strains

of Avena barbata. Designated "E , 0."

Eg-1. Jones and Griffiths (i952). Gene for resistance to Erysiphe

graminis DC. in Cc4146.

Eg-2. Jones and Griffiths {1952), Gene for resistance to Erysiphe

graminis in A. strigosa.

'^Personal communication.
Eg-3. Hayes and Jones {1966). Gene for resistance to races 2 and 3 of

Erysiphe graminis in Cc4347.

Eg-4. Thomas, Leggett, and Jones {1975), Gene for resistance to all

currently prevalent races of Erysiphe graminis in Avena barbata Cc4897. Was transferred to A, sativa Manod.

Fd-1. Wiggans {1918). Gene for type of secondary floret disjunction.

Henning {1924), Cotner {1929), Tschermak {1929), Florell

{1931\ Ma {1933), Torrie {1939), Hayes et al. {1939), Ko et

al{1946), Coffman {1964),

Fd-2. Ko et al. {1946). Second gene for type of secondary floret disjunction. See "Fd-l" for possible additional references.

fl-l. Dyck {1968). Recessive gene affecting the normal development

of florets of A. strigosa spikelets are completely lacking on

plants of this mutant.

I-Ft-1. Huskins {1927). Gene that inhibits the expression of fatuoid

characters (nullieffect). Hétérozygote fatuoid (monoeffect).

Nishiyama {1931), Hacker and Riley {1965), Singh and Wallace {1967), Thomas and Mytton {1970), Chang and Sadanaga

{1964).

Gf-l. Nishiyama {1973). Gametophyte gene effecting preferential fertilization of pollen, in progeny of A. barbata x A. strigosa.

Designated "g."

Gi-l. Zhegalov {1920). Dominant gene for giantism in A. orientalis.

gi-2. Zillinsky {1959). Recessive gene ("monster") for giantism in

progeny of Clintland-Garry x Laurel-Klein 69B,

Ha-1. Andersen {1961). Gene in Grise de Houdan for resistance to

the cereal root eelworm, Heterodera avenae Woll.

Ha-2. Andersen {1961). Dominant gene in certain American oat varieties for resistance to the cereal root eelworm, Heterodera

avenae Woll.

Ha-3. MacKey {1975).^ Gene for resistance to the oat cyst nematode

{Heterodera avenae Filipjev) derived from the Avena sterilis

cv. Ronda.

Hv-1. Murphy and Meehan {1946). Dominant gene in Victoria for

susceptibility to Victoria blight, caused by Helminthosporium

victoriae Meehan and Murphy. May be pleiotropic or closely

linked to Pc-2. Litzenberger {1949a), Finkner {1953), Welsh et

al {1954).

kn-1. Gauthier and McGinnis {1965). Gene for normal peduncle

(kneck) development (nullieffect—distinct kinking of the

neck). Hacker and Riley {1965).

^Personal communication.
10

Kp-1. Nilsson-Ehle {I908).GenQ for long hairs (kernel pubescence) at

base of kernel. Zinn and Surface {1917),

Kp-2. Nilsson-Ehle (Í905). Gene for short hairs (kernel pubescence)

at base of kernel. Zinn and Surface {1917).

Kp-3. Zade {1912). Gene for heavy kernel pubescence in A. fatua.

Wilds {1917), Tschermak {1929), Jones {1930), Federova

{1930), Philp {1933), Aamodt et al {1934).

Kp-4. Wiggans {1918). Gene for kernel pubescence in Red Texas.

Fraser {1919), Schafer {1923), Henning {1924), Cotner {1929),

Shaw and Böse {1933), Ma {1933), Tang {1938), Middleton

{1938), Torrie {19391 Hayes et al {1939), Ko et al {1946), Litzenberger {1949b), Kehr and Hayes {1950), Craigmiles {1952),

Coffman {1964).

Kp-5. Wiggans {1918). Second gene for kernel pubescence in Red

Texas. Shaw and Bose {1933), Tang {1938).

Kp-6. Henning {1924). Gene for dense kernel pubescence in A. sterilis

nigra.

Kp-7. Federova {1930). Gene modifying kernel pubescence. Designated "m,." Ma (/PJi).

Kp-8. Federova {1930). Second gene modifying kernel pubescence.

Ma {1933).

Kp-9. Ko et al {1946). Complementary gene conditioning, with Kp10, kernel pubescence in cross between Bond and SD334.

Kp-10. Ko et al {1946). Complementary gene conditioning, with Kp9, kernel pubescence in cross between Bond and SD334,

Kp-IL Nishiyama {1933). Gene for glabrous base of primary and secondary floret. Discovered by monosomic analysis.

1-L Nishiyama {1934). Lethal gene, linked to Ma-1 and Cda-1, in

progeny of A. barbata x A. strigosa. Nishiyama {1941).

1-2. Nishiyama {1934). Lethal gene, linked to Ba-7, in progeny of

A. barbata x A. strigosa. Designated "1." Nishiyama {1973).

Lc-1. Wilson {1904). Incompletely dominant gene for black or dark

lemma color. Norton {1907), Wilson {1907), Nilsson-Ehle

{1909), Surface {1916), Zinn and Surface {1917), Wilds {1917),

Love and Craig {1918b), Caporn {1918), Wakabayashi {1921),

Gaines {1924), Quisenberry {1926), Meurman (1927), Garber

and Quisenberry {1928), Hayes et al {1928), Ödland {1928),

Federova {1930), Welsh {1931), Florell (iPJ/), Robb {1932),

Ru {1933), Johnson {1933), Philp (/9iJ), Ma {1933), Aamodt

et al {1934), De Villiers {1935), Âkerman and Bader {1937),

Tang {1938), Middleton {1938), Patel (7P^/), Âkerman {1948),

Coffman {1964).

Lc-2. Nilsson-Ehle (/PÖ9). Gene for gray lemma color expressed only

in the absence of black. Designated "Gr." Surface {1916),
Il

Wilds (1917), Love and Craig {Î918b), Caporn {¡9181 Henning (1924), Meurman {1927% Federova {1930), Welsh (1931),

Robb (1932), Johnson (1933), Philp (1933), Ma (1933),

Aamodt et al (1934), Coffman (1964).

En-Lc-2. Meurman (1927). Gene that intensifies gray lemma color in the

presence of Lc-2. Designated "Z."

Lc-3. Nilsson-Ehle (1909). Second gene for black lemma color. Designated "S2." Robb (1932), Akerman (1948), Coffman (1964).

Lc-4. Nilsson-Ehle (1909). Gene for yellow lemma color. Designated

"G." Surface (1916), Wilds (1917), Love and Craig (1918b),

Fraser (1919), Cotner (1929), Ma (1933), Torrie (1939), Coffman (1964).

Lc-5. Fraser (1919). Second gene for yellow lemma color. Designated "Y,"

Lc-6. Fraser (1919). Gene for red lemma color. Designated "R."

Schäfer (1923), Henning (1924), Cotner (1929), Torrie (1939),

Ko et al (1946), Coffman (1964).

Lc-7. Cotner (1929). Second gene for red lemma color. Coffman

(1964).

Lc-8. Welsh (1931). Dominant gene for white lemma color.

Lc-9. Welsh (1931). Second dominant gene for white lemma color.

Lc-10. Ko et al. (1946). Complementary gene conditioning, with Le11, white to yellowish lemma color.

Lc-11. Ko et al. (1946). Complementary gene conditioning, with Lc10, white to yellowish lemma color.

Lc-12. Nishiyama (1934). Gene for light-brown lemma color, dominant over gray lemma color of A. strigosa, linked to Lp-9 and

cda-2, in progeny of A. barbata x A. strigosa. Designated

"Bl." Nishiyama (Í957).

Lf-1. Finkner, Murphy, Atkins, and West (1954). Dominant gene

for lemma fluorescence under UV. Designated "F." May be

associated with lemma color.

Lf-2. Finkner, Murphy, Atkins, and West (1954). Second dominant

gene for lemma fluorescence under UV. Designated "L." May

be associated with lemma color.

Lg-1. Nilsson-Ehle (1909). Dominant gene for presence of ligule in

open panicle oats. Designated "L,." Love and Craig (1918a),

Garber (1922), Meurman (1927), Ödland (1928), Akerman and

Muhlow (1933).

Lg-2. Nilsson-Ehle (1909). Second dominant gene for presence of

ligule in open panicle oats. Designated "L2." Love and Craig

(1918a), Garber (1922),, Meurman (1927), Ödland (1928),

Akerman and Muhlow (1933).
12

Lg-3. Nilsson-Ehle (1909). Third dominant gene for presence of

ligule in open panicle oats. Designated "L^." Meurman (1927),

Akerman and Muhlow (1933).

Lg-4. Nilsson-Ehle (1909), Fourth dominant gene for presence of

ligule in open panicle oats. Designated "L4."

ln-1. Sadanaga (1971), Recessive gene conditioning leaf necrosis,

which is temperature sensitive.

Lp-1. Bartlett (1916). Dominant gene for lemma pubescence in A.

fatua. Surface (191 &), Wilds (1917), Love and Craig (1918b).

Federova (1930), Florell (1931), Ma (1933), Philp (1933),

Aamodt ei al. (1934), De Villiers (1935).

I-Lp-1. Barlett (1916). Gene inhibiting expression of Lp-1. Love and

Craig (1918b), Federova (1930), Ma (1933), De Villiers (1935).

Lp-2. Wilds (1917). Second dominant gene for lemma pubescence in

A. fatua. Philp (Í93J).

Lp-3. Cotner (1929). Gene for Lemma pubescence in A, sterilis. Tang

(1938).

Lp-4. Cotner (1929). Second gene for lemma pubescence in A. sterilis. Tang (1938).

Lp-5. Tang (i93<^). Third gene for lemma pubescence in A, sterilis.

Lp-6. Nishiyama (1934). Gene for prostrate hairs of lemma, dominant over glabrous in progeny of A. barbata x A. strigosa.

Designated " P,."

Lp-7, Nishiyama (1934). Complementary gene conditioning, with

Lp-6 and Lp-8, erect hairs on lemma, in progeny of ^. barbata

X A. strigosa. Designated "C."

Lp-8. Nishiyama (1934). Complementary gene conditioning, with

Lp-6 and Lp-7, erect hairs on lemma, in progeny of A. barbata

X A. strigosa. Designated "E."

Lp-9. Nishiyama (1957). Dominant gene for slight pubescence on

lemma, linked to Lc-12 and cda-2, in progeny of A. barbata x

A, strigosa. Designated "P2."

Lw-l. Nilsson-Ehle (1908). Gene for lemma waxiness. Meurman

(1927).

Ma-L Nishiyama (1941). Dominant gene for early maturity, linked to

Cda-1 and l-l, in progeny of A. barbata x A. strigosa. Designated "Re."

mg-l. Dyck (1968). Recessive gene conditioning complete sterility,

with floral parts replaced by a series of glumes, in Avena

strigosa.

ms-1. Nishiyama (1957). Recessive gene for male sterility in progeny

of ^. barbata x A. strigosa. Meiosis usually stops at diakinesis.

ms-2. Sadanaga (1965). Recessive gene for partial male sterility in Xirradiated Saia (Avena strigosa).
13

N-l. Norton {1907). Gene, with variable dominance, conditioning

naked seed and multiflorous spikelet. Tschermak {1910),

Gaines {1917), Zinn and Surface {1917), Caporn {1918), Love

and McRostie {1919% Reed {1925), Lebedeff {1930), Chou

{1932), Clamont {1969), Moule {1972), Boland and Lawes

{1972), Atiyya and Williams {1976).

N-2. Moule {1972). Secondary gene that modifies the expression of

the N-l gene.

N-3. Moule {1972). Further secondary gene that modifies the

expression of the N-l gene,

nh-1. Nishiyama {1934). Recessive gene for nonheading, in progeny

0Î A. barbata x A. strigosa, Nishiyama {1957).

Np-1. Florell {1931). Gene for nodal pubescence in A. sterilis and A.

byzantina. Litzenberger {1949a), Craigmiles {1952).

P-1. Marshall and Allard {1969). Gene for phosphatase in certain

strains of Avena barbata. Designated "P5."

Pc-1. Davies and Jones {1927). Dominant gene for resistance to

crown rust, caused by Puccinia corohata Cda. var. avenae

Fraser and Led., in Red Rustproof. Designated "S" by Dietz

and Murphy {1930).

I-Pc-1. Dietz and Murphy {1930). Dominant gene inhibiting Pc-L

Designated "L"

Pc-2. Murphy et al. {1937), Partially dominant gene for resistance to

P. coronata race 1 in Victoria. Is pleiotropic or closely linked

with Hv-L Waterhouse {1939), Weetman {1942), Cochran et

al {1945), Murphy and Meehan {1946), Litzenberger {1949b),

Vallega {1951), Finkner {1953), Griffiths {1953), Finkner

{1954), Welsh et al {1954), Simons {1956), Craigmiles {1956),

Chang {1959), Chang and Sadanaga {1964).

Pc-2b. Finkner {1954). Gene for resistance to P. coronata race 57 in

Anthony-Bond x Boone. Designated ''Vj " and is not associated with susceptibility to Helminthosporium victoriae.

Pc-3. Hayes et al {1939). Complementary gene conditioning, with

Pc-4, resistance to P. coronata in Bond. Torrie {1939), Weetman {1942), Cochran et al {1945), Ko et al {1946), Litzenberger {1949b), Kehr and Hayes {1950), Griffiths {1953),

S'ebesta {1976).

Pc-3c. Weetman {1942). Complementary gene conditioning, with Pc4c, resistance to some isolates of P. coronata race 1 in

Ukraine. Upadhyaya and Baker {1962b).

I-Pc-3. Cochran et al {1945). Dominant gene in Richland-Fulghum

that inhibits Pc-3. Designated "C'

Pc-4, Hayes et al {1939). Complementary gene conditioning, with

Pc-3, resistance to P. coronata in Bond. Torrie {1939), Weet264-118 O - 78 - 3
14

man {1942), Cochran et al (1945), Ko et al. (1946), Litzenberger (1949b), Kehr and Hayes (1950), Griffiths (1953),

Sebesta (1976),

Pc-4c. Weetman (1942). Complementary gene conditioning, with Pc3b, resistance to some isolates of P. coronata race 1 in

Ukraine. Upadhyaya and Baker (1962b).

I-Pc-4. Cochran et al. (1945). Dominant gene in Richland-Fuighum

that inhibits Pc-4. Designated "D."

Pc-5. Litzenberger (1949a), Dominant gene for resistance to P, coronata races 1 and 45 in Landhafer. Kehr and Hayes (1950),

Finkner (1954), Simons and Murphy (1954), Baker (1955),

Craigmiles (1956), Chang (1959), Rivers (1959), Upadhyaya

and Baker (1962b), Patterson et al (1963), Chang and Sad=

anaga (1964).

Pc-6. Litzenberger (1949b). Dominant gene for resistance to P. coronata races 1 and 45 in Santa Fe. Designated *'S." Osier and

Hayes (1953) designated it "S"; Finkner (1954) designated it

"M,"; Simons and Murphy (1954), Baker (1955), Finkner et

ah (1955), Craigmiles (1956), and Chang (1959) designated it

"M." Upadhyaya and Baker (1962b).

Pc-6c. Finkner (1954). Dominant gene for resistance to P. coronata

race 57 in Ukraine. Designated "M" and is linked to Pc-9.

Finkner et al. (1955), Sanderson (1960), Upadhyaya and Baker

(1962bl

Pc-6d. Finkner (1954). Dominant gene for resistance to P. coronata

race 57 in Trispernia and Anthony-Bond x Boone. Designated

"M2 r Simons and Murphy (1954), Baker (1955), Craigmiles

(1956), Upadhyaya and Baker (1962b).

Pc-7. Osier and Hayes (1953). Complementary gene conditioning,

with Pc-8, resistance to P. coronata races 45 and 57 in Santa

Fe. Designated "D."

Pc-8. Osier and Hayes (1953). Complementary gene conditioning,

with Pc-7, resistance to P. coronata races 45 and 57 in Santa

Fe. Designated "D."

Pc-9. Finkner (1954). Second dominant gene for resistance to P. coronata race 57 in Ukraine. Designated "U'' and is linked to Pc6c. Finkner et al (1955), Sanderson {I960), Upadhyaya and

Baker (1962b).

Pc-9c. Simons and Murphy (1954). Gene for resistance to P. coronata

races 45 and 101 in a derivative of Santa Fe. It is linked to Pc6. Finkner et al (1955) designated it "U," and Chang (1959)

used the same symbol.

Pc-10. Finkner (1954). Dominant gene for resistance to P. coronata

race 57 in Klein 69B. Designated "K." Sanderson (1960).
15

I-Pc-10. Finkner {1954). Dominant gene in Clinton inhibiting Pc-10.

Designated ''Ik-"

Pc-ll. Welsh et al. (1954). Dominant gene for resistance to P. coronata va.œs I and 45 in Victoria. Waterhouse {1939), Vallega

{Î951), Chang and Sadanaga {1964).

Pc-12. Welsh et al {1954). Second dominant gene for susceptibility to

P. coronata races 1 and 45 in Victoria.

Pc-13. Finkner et al. {1955). Dominant gene for resistance to P. coronata race 109 in Clinton. Designated "A." Chang {1959) designated it "b^."

Pc-13c. Chang {1959). Gene for susceptibility to P. coronata race 258

De Argelia and Dom Pedrito. Designated "B.'*

Pc-13d. Chang {1959). Second gene for susceptibility to P. coronata

race 258 De Argelia and Dom Pedrito. Designated "b."

I-Pc-13. Chang {1959). Dominant gene inhibiting Pc-13, in Gopher and

other lines.

Pc-14. Simons {1956). Dominant gene for resistance to P. coronata

race 202 in Ascencao. Designated "E." Chang {Î959).

I-Pc-14. Chang {1959). Dominant gene inhibiting Pc-14, in Gopher and

other lines. Designated "Ig."

Pc-15. Murphy et al. {1958). Dominant gene for resistance to P. coronata races 202 and 258 in the diploid Saia. Simons et al.

(1959), Marshall and Myers {1961), Dyck and Zillinsky {1962),

Dyck and Zillinsky {1963).

Pc-16. Murphy et al. {1958). Second dominant gene for resistance to

P. coronata races 202 and 258 in the diploid Saia. Marshall

and Myers {1961).

Pc-17. Murphy et al. {1958). Third dominant gene for resistance to P.

coronata races 202 and 258 in the diploid Saia.

Pc-18. Simons et al. {1959). Dominant gene for resistance to P. coronata races 205, 216, and 264 in the diploid Glabrota. Marshall and Myers {1961).

Pc-19. Simons et al. {1959). Dominant gene for resistance to P. coronata races 205, 227, and 264 in the diploid C.l. 3815. Marshall and Myers {1961).

Pc-20. Simons et al. {1959). Gene for resistance to P. coronata races

202, 203, 205, 216, and 264 in the tetraploid C.L 7233.

Pc-21. Chang {1959). Gene for resistance to P. coronata races 203,

216, and 258 in Santa Fe. Designated "S."

Pc-22. McKenzie {1961). Incompletely dominant gene for resistance

to P. coronata races 264, 279, and 290 in Ceirch dubach.

Pc-23. Dyck and Zillinsky {1963). Gene for resistance to P. coronata

race 264 (but not race 294) in the diploid CD. 3820.

Pc-24, Upadhyaya and Baker {I960). Complementary dominant gene
Î6

conditioning resistance, with Pc-25, to P. coronata races 203,

226, 230, 237, and 286 in Garry. Designated "Vcg." Upadhyaya

and Baker {1962b).

Pc-25. Upadhyaya and Baker {I960), Complementary dominant gene

conditioning resistance, with Pc-24, to P. coronata races 203,

226, 230, 237, and 286 in Garry. Designated "Vcj^." Upadhyaya

and Baker {1962b).

Pc-26. Upadhyaya and Baker {I960). Gene for resistance to P. coronata in Garry. Designated "Vc2." Upadhyaya and Baker

{1962b).

I-Pc-26. Upadhyaya and Baker {I960). Gene inhibiting Pc-26. Designated "IVc,."

Pc-27. Upadhyaya and Baker {I960). Gene for adult resistance to P.

coronata in Garry. Designated "Vcj.'' Upadhyaya and Baker

{1962bl

Pc-28. Upadhyaya and Baker {I960). Second gene for adult resistance

to P, coronata in Garry. Designated "VC3." Upadhyaya and

Baker {1962b).

Pc-29. Marshall and Myers {I96I). Second gene for resistance to P.

coronata race 216 in the diploid Glabrota.

Pc-30. Marshall and Myers {1961). Second gene for resistance to P.

coronata races 216 and 276 in the diploid C.I. 3815.

Pc-3I. Marshall and Myers {1961). Dominant gene for resistance to

P. coronata races 203, 216, and 276 in the diploid C.I. 4746.

Pc-32. Marshall and Myers {1961). Dominant gene for resistance to

P. coronata races 203, 216, and 276 in the diploid Ceirch

Llwyd.

Pc-33. Marshall and Myers {1961). Second dominant gene for

resistance to P. coronata race 216 in the diploid Ceirch Llwyd.

Pc-34. McKenzie and Fleischmann {1964). Gene for resistance to P.

coronata races 203, 205, 264, 276, and 279 in D-60.

Pc-35. McKenzie and Fleischmann (/9á^). Dominant gene for

resistance to P. coronata races 203, 205, 264, 276, and 279 in

Á. sterilis D-137 collected in Israel. Fleischmann et al {197la),

Allelic or closely linked to Pc-54. McKenzie and Martens

{1976).^

Pc-36. Simons {1965). Dominant gene for resistance to crown rust

races 203, 216, 264, 290, and 321 carried by C.I. 8081 {A. sterilis selection from P.I. 267989).

Pc-37. Dyck {1966). Dominant gene for resistance to crown rust race

294 carried by diploid CD. 7994.

Pc-38. Fleischmann and McKenzie {1968). Gene carried by A. sterilis

^Personal communication.
17

CW491-4 for resistance to crown rust races 264, 290, 295, 332,

and 446—susceptible to race 202.

Pc-39. Fleischmann and McKenzie (1968). Dominant gene for

resistance to P. coronata races 264, 290, 295, 332, and 446 in

A. sterilis F366 collected in Israel. Allelic or closely linked to

Pc-55. Kiehn et al (1976).

Pc-40. Fleischmann and McKenzie (1968). Dominant gene for

resistance to P. coronata races 290, 295, 332, and 446 in A.

sterilis F83 collected in Israel

Pc-41. Fleischmann and McKenzie (1968). Gene carried by A. sterilis

F83 for resistance to crown rust races 290, 295, and 332.

Pc-42. Fleischmann and McKenzie (1968). Gene carried by A. sterilis

F83 for resistance to crown rust race 332 but not 264, 290, 295,

or 446.

Pc-43. Fleischmann and McKenzie (1968), Gene carried by A. sterilis

F83 for resistance to crown rust race 290, but not 264, 295,

332, and 446.

Pc-44. Martens, McKenzie, and Fleischmann (1968). Dominant gene

in Kyto for resistance to crown rust races 210, 228, 239, 297,

330, 341,342, and 453.

Pc-45. Fleischmann et al (1971a), Dominant gene in A. sterilis F-169

for resistance to crown rust races 239, 264, 290, 326, 330, and

332.

Pc-46. Fleischmann et al. (1971a). Dominant gene for resistance to P.

coronata races 239, 264, 290, 326, 330, and 332 in A. sterilis

F290 collected in Israel. Allelic or closely linked to Pc-50.

Pc-47. Fleischmann et al (1971b.). Dominant gene in C. 1. 8081 A, for

resistance to crown rust, from P.l. 267989-^. sterilis, probably

identical to Pc-36.

Pc-48. Fleischmann et al. (1971b). Dominant gene in A. sterilis F-158

for resistance to crown rust.

Pc-49. Fleischmann et al. (1971b.). Dominant gene for resistance to

P. coronata races 216, 326, 330, 332, and 446 in A. sterilis

F158 collected in Israel. Subsequent pathological and genetic

data (McKenzie and Martens, unpublished) indicate Pc-49 is

identical to Pc-40.

Pc-50. Fleischmann et al (1971b). Dominant gene for resistance to P.

coronata races 216, 264, 305, 326, and 330 in A. sterilis CW

486 collected in Tunisia. Allelic or closely linked to Pc-46.

Pc-51. Browning (1971).'^ Dominant gene for resistance from A. sterilis, Wahl No. 8, carried by Iowa Midseason isoline X 270, and

early isoline X 434.

^Personal communication.
18

Pc-52. Browning (1972). ^ Dominant gene for resistance from A. sterHis, Wahl No. 2, carried by Iowa Midseason isoiine X-421.

Pc-53. Simons {1976)^ Single gene, lacking clear dominance, derived

from A, sterilis 6-112-1-15 via H441.

Pc-54. McKenzie and Martens {1976). ^ Incompletely dominant gene

for resistance to cultures of P. coronata races 239, 264, and

295 in A. sterilis CAV 1830 and CAV 1832 collected in Turkey. Allelic or closely linked to Pc'-35.

Pc-55. Kiehn et al. {1976). Incompletely dominant gene for resistance

to cultures of P. coronata races 203, 211, 239, 259, 264, 295.

and 326 in A. sterilis CAV 4963 collected in Israel Allelic or

closely linked to Pc-39.

Pc-56. Kiehn et al. {1976). Gene for crown rust resistance in Avena

sterilis CAV 1964.

Pc-57. Simons {1976)^ Gene conditioning resistance at high temperatures to crown rust race 264A and many other races.

Derived from A. sterilis D-94 (C.I. 8295) via H-555.

Pc-58, McDaniel (1976),^ Gene carried by TAM-O-30Î for resistance

to race 264B and many other races of crowm rust. Derived

from Avena sterilis P.I. 295919 (C.l. 8387).

Pc-59. McDaniel (1976),^ Gene carried by TAM-0-312 for resistance

to race 264B and many other races of crown rust. Derived

from Avena sterilis P.I. 296244 (C.I. 8393).

Pc-60. McDaniel (1976)^^ Gene carried by Coker 227 for resistance to

many races of crown rust. Derived from Avena sterilis P.l.

287211.

Pc-61. McDaniel (1976)^^ Gene carried by Coker 234 for resistance to

many races of crown rust. Derived from Avena sterilis P.I.

28721L

Pg-1. Garber {1921). Dominant gene for resistance to stem rust,

caused by Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. avenae Erikss, and E,

Henn., races 1, 2, 5, 8, 8A, 9, 10, and 11 in White Russian,

Designated "S" by Dietz {1928) and "D" by Murphy and Coffman {1961). Griffée {1922% Hayes et ai {1928), Smith {1934),

Cochran et al. {1945), Kehr et al. {1950), Myers et al. {1955),

Koo et al. {1955), Koo et al), {1956), McKenzie and Green

{1962), Upadhyaya and Baker {1962a).

I-Pg-l. Dietz (1928). Dominant gene inhibiting the expression of Pg-1

and Pg-2, in Burt.

Pg-2, Dietz {1928). Dominant gene for resistance to P. graminis

races 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 7A, and 12 in Green Russian. Designated

^Personal communication.
"A" by Welsh and Johnson {1954). Welsh (7957), Gordon and

Welsh (7932), Smith (793^), Torrie (7959), Litzenberger

{1949b), Myers et ai {19551 Koo et al {1955), Baker (7955),

Koo et al. {1956), McKenzie and Green {1962), Upadhyaya

and Baker {1962a). Allelic or closely linked with Pg-1 and Pg8.

Pg-3. Waterhouse {1930). Dominant gene for resistance to P. graminis races 1, 3, 4, and 11 in Joanette. Designated "E" by

Welsh and Green (795^). Welsh (7957), Gordon and Welsh

{1932), Welsh and Johnson {1951), McKenzie and Green

{1962). Allelic or closely linked with Pg-9.

Pg-4. Welsh and Johnson {1954). Dominant gene for resistance to P.

graminis races 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 8, 10, 11, 12, and 13 in

RL1225 (derived from Hajira). Designated "B." Litzenberger

{1949b), Welsh and Johnson (7957), Baker (7955), Upadhyaya

and Baker (79^50), McKenzie and Green {1962). Allelic or

closely linked with Pg-13.

Pg-5. Welsh and Johnson {1954). Dominant gene for resistance to

certain races of P. graminis in RL1225 (derived from Hajira).

Designated "C" and may be the same as Pg-4. Litzenberger

{1949b), Welsh and Johnson (7957), Baker (7955), Upadhyaya

and Baker {I960), Upadhyaya and Baker {1962a) designated it

"G."

Pg-6. Zillinsky et ah {1956). Dominant gene for resistance to P.

graminis races 6, 7, 7A, and 8 in the diploid CD3820. Sadanaga et al {I960), Dyck and Zillinsky {1962).

Pg-7. Zillinsky et al {1956). Second dominant gene for resistance to

P. graminis races 6, 7, 7A, and 8 in the diploid CD3820.

Pg-8. Browning and Frey (7959). Recessive gene for resistance to P,

graminis races 1, 2, 6, 6A, 7, 7A, 8, 8A, 10, 13, and 13A. Designated "F" by Welsh et al {1961). Browning and Frey (79^2)

suggested it may be allelic or closely linked with Pg-1 and Pg2.

Pg-9. McKenzie and Green {1965). Recessive gene for resistance to

P. graminis races 6F and 6AF in C.I. 4529 and other lines.

Designated "H." Allelic or closely linked with Pg-3.

Pg-10. Pavek and Myers (7955). Dominant gene for mesothetic reaction to P. graminis race 13A in C.L 1575 and other lines. Designated "G."

Pg-11. McKenzie and Martens {1968). Incompletely recessive gene

conferring adult plant resistance to a wide range of P. graminis

races. Derived from C.L 3034. Independent of the Pg-2, Pg-4,

and Pg-9 loci.

Pg-12. Martens, McKenzie and Fleischmann {1968). Recessive gene
20

conferring seedling resistance (which changes to moderate susceptibility in the adult plant stage) to a wide range of P. graminis races. Derived from C.I. 8250 (cv. Kyto from

Yugoslavia). Independent of the Pg-2, Pg-4, and Pg-9 loci.

Pg-I3. McKenzie, Martens and Rajhathy (1970), Recessive gene conferring resistance to a wide range of P. graminis races. Derived

from A. sterilis CAV 2647, Beja, Tunisia. Allelic or tightly

linked with Pg-4.

Pg-14. MacKey and Mattsson (1972). Dominant or semidominant

gene, carried by S 81 and other lines, that confers resistance to

Swedish oat stem rust isolate Leijerstam 6AB 26-59. Designated "N."

Psc-1. Griffiths (1961). Partially recessive gene in Cc4146 for

resistance to halo blight (Pseudomonas coronafaciens (Elliott)

Stevens).

Psc-2. Cheng and Roane (1968). Gene in Dubois, linked to Psc-3, for

resistance to halo blight {Pseudomanas coronafaciens).

Psc-3. Cheng and Roane (1968). Gene in Victorgrain, linked to Psc-2,

for resistance to halo blight (Pseudomonas coronafaciens).

Pt-1. Nilsson-Ehle (1909). Gene for open panicle type. Designated

"Al." Norton (1907), Wakabayashi (1921), Garber (1922),

Quisenberry (1926), Ödland (1928), Coffman (1964).

Pt-2. Nilsson-Ehle (1909). Second gene for open panicle types. Designated "A,." Quisenberry (1926), Coffman (1964).

Pt-3. Nilsson-Ehle (1909). Third gene for open panicle type. Designated "A,." Coffman (1964),

Pt-4. Patterson et al. (1959). Dominant gene for dense or cluster

panicle type in Milford.

Pt-5. McGinnis and Lin (1966). Gene for equilateral panicle in

Garry (nuUieffect and monoeffect).

pt-6. Dyck (1968). Recessive gene for cluster panicle in A. strigosa—

a mutation produced by X-rays.

pt-7. Nishiyama (1957). Recessive gene for spear-shaped panicle in

progeny of A. barbata x A. strigosa.

Px-la. Marshall and Allard (1969), Slower migrating alíele

(Rf = 0.85) of a gene for anodal peroxidase in Avena barbata.

Designated APX,.

Px-lb. Marshall and Allard (1969). Faster migrating alíele (Rf = 0.88)

of a gene for anodal peroxidase in Avena barbata. Designated

APX,.

Px-2. Levings, Stuber, and Murphy (1971). Dominant gene for an

auxin inducible peroxidase in certain winter oat cultivars.

Px-3a. Smith (1972). Active alíele of a gene for peroxidase in certain

oat cultivars. Designated "PAj."
21

Px-3b. Smith {¡972). Inactive alíele of a gene for peroxidase in certain

oat cultivars. Designated "Pa,."

Px-4a. Smith {1972). Active alíele of a gene for peroxidase a, in certain

oat cultivars. Designated "PXA,."

Px-4b. Smith {1972). Active alíele of a gene for peroxidase a2 in certain oat cultivars. Designated "PXAj."

Px-4c. Smith {1972). Inactive alíele for peroxidase in certain oat cultivars. Designated "PXa."

Px-5a. Yen {1975). Fast alíele of a gene for peroxidase in certain oat

cultivars.

Px-5b. Yen {1975). Medium alíele of a gene for peroxidase in certain

oat cultivars.

Px-5c. Yen {1975). Null alíele of a gene for peroxidase in certain oat

cultivars.

Px-6a. Yen {1975). Medium alíele of a gene for peroxidase in certain

oat cultivars.

Px-6b. Yen {1975). Null alíele of a gene for peroxidase in certain oat

cultivars.

rp-1. Henning {1924). Recessive gene for rachilla pubescence.

Ödland {1928), Hayes et al. {1928), Ma {1933), Philp {1933),

Aamodt et al. {1934), Tang {1938).

Rp-2. Johnson (7955). Dominant gene for long, abundant rachilla

pubescence. Designated "N." Coffman {1964).

Rp-3. Johnson {1933). Gene conditioning short rachilla pubescence,

hypostatic to Rp-2. Designated "F."

Rp-4. Coffman {1964). Second dominant gene for long, abundant

rachilla pubescence.

Rp-5, Nishiyama {1933). Gene for glabrous rachilla segment. Discovered by monosomic analysis.

sc-1. Pridham {1916). Recessive gene for pinkish straw color in

Algerian.

Syn-1. Nishiyama {1931). Dominant gene for regular chromosome

pairing (nuUieffect). Nishiyama {1933), Huskins and Hearne

{1933), Hacker and Riley {1965), Thomas and Mytton {1970).

syn-2. Dyck and Rajhathy {1965). Recessive gene conditioning

desynapsis during meiosis in A. strigosa.

syn-3. Thomas and Rajhathy {1966). Recessive gene conditioning

desynapsis during meiosis in tetraploid oats. Designated ds2.

Syn-4. Hacker and Riley {1965). Dominant gene for regular chromosome pairing (nullieffect).

Syn-5. Hacker and Riley {1965). Dominant gene for regular chromosome pairing (nullieffect).

Tg-1. Gardenhire {1964). Dominant gene for resistance to Toxoptera

graminium Rond. (Greenbug) in Russian 77.
22

U-1. Wakabayashi {1921). Dominant gene for resistance to covered

smut, caused by Ustilago kolleri Wille., in Red Rustproof.

Gains {1925), Nicolaisen {1931), Schattenberg {1934).

U-2. Wakabayashi {1921). Second dominant gene for resistance to

U. kolleri in Red Rustproof. Gaines {1925), Nicolaisen {1931),

Schattenberg {1934).

U-3. Wakabayashi {1921). Third dominant gene for resistance to U.

kolleri in Red Rustproof. Gaines (ÍP25), Schattenberg (79Í^).

U-4. Barney {1924). Dominant gene for resistance to loose smut,

caused by Ustilago avenae (Pers.) Rostr., in Black Mesdag.

Reed {1925), Reed {1928), Garber et ai {1928), Garber et al.

{1929), Rosenstiel {1929), Nicolaisen {1931), Johnson {1933),

Stanton et ai {1934), Reed {1934), Schattenberg {1934), Reed

{1935), Reed {1941), Cherewick and McKenzie {1969).

U-5. Barney {1924). Dominant gene for resistance to U. avenae in

Fulghum.

U-6. Barney {1924). Second dominant gene for resistance to U.

avenae in Fulghum. Cochran et al. {1945).

U-7, Barney {1924). Dominant gene for resistance to U, avenae in

Burt.

U-8. Barney {1924). Second dominant gene for resistance to U.

avenae in Burt.

U-9. Barney {1924). Dominant gene for intermediate reaction to U.

avenae in Golden Rain.

U-10. Reed {1928). Dominant gene for resistance to U. kolleri in

Early Gothland. Reed {1931), Reed and Stanton {1937).

U-11. Reed {1928). Dominant gene for resistance to U. avenae in

Monarch. Reed {1931), Schattenberg {1934), Reed {1941).

U-12. Gaines and Smith {1929). Gene for resistance to U. kolleri in

Markton. Coffman et al. {1931), Schattenberg {1934), Reed

and Stanton {1938), Cherewick and McKenzie {1969).

U-13. Gaines and Smith {1929). Second gene for resistance to U.

kolleri in Markton. Coffman et ai {1931), Schattenberg (Í9i¥),

Reed and Stanton {1938).

U-14. Nicolaisen {1931). Dominant gene for resistance to U. avenae

in Black Mesdag. Johnson {1933), Schattenberg {1934).

U-15. Nicolaisen {1931). Second dominant gene for resistance to U.

avenae in Black Mesdag. Schattenberg {1934).

U-16, Schattenberg {1934). Dominant gene for resistance to U.

avenae in Markton. Reed and Stanton {1938).

U-17. Schattenberg {1934). Gene for resistance to U. avenae in

Gopher.

U-18. Reed and Stanton {1937). Gene for resistance to U. kolleri in

Rossman.
23

U-19. Reed and Stanton (1937), Gene for resistance to U. koileri in

Danish.

U-20. Reed and Stanton {1937). Gene for resistance to U. koileri in

Scottish Chief.

U-2Î. Reed and Stanton {1937). Gene for resistance to U. koileri in

Seizure.

U-22. Hayes et ai {1939), Gene for resistance to U. avenae and U.

koileri in Bond. Torrie {1939), Cochran et ai {1945).

U-23. Torrie {1939). Gene for partial resistance to U. avenae and U.

koileri in Bond.

U-24. Torrie {1939). Gene for resistance to U. avenae and U. koileri

in Victoria. Patel {1941), Cochran et al. {1945), Cherewick and

McKenzie {1969).

U~25. Torrie {1939). Gene for partial resistance to U. avenae and U.

koileri in Victoria.

U-26. Reed {1942). Gene for resistance to Ustilago species in

Navarro. Narain {1966).

U-27. Reed {1942). Gene for resistance to Ustilago species in

Navarro. Narain {1966).

U-28. Reed {1942). Gene for resistance to Ustilago species in

Navarro.

U-29. Reed {1942). Gene for resistance to Ustilago species in

Navarro,

U-30. Reed {1942). Gene for resistance to Ustilago species in

Navarro.

CATALOGING AND SYMBOLIZING GENES

DISCOVERED IN THE FUTURE

We propose that we continue to serve as a committee, and that we

catalog genes in oats that are discovered and reported in the future.

Investigators wishing to have new genes cataloged would send pertinent

data to a member of the committee. The committee will then see that the

symbols assigned do not duplicate previous symbols. We further propose

that new genes be listed annually in the Oat Newsletter.
24

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26

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27

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28

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30

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31

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G. Y. Andrews, and R. I. H. McKenzie.

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McKenzie, R. L H.

1961. Inheritance in oats of reaction to race 264 of oat crown rust. Canadian Journal of

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32

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1964. The inheritance of crown rust resistance in selections from two Israeli collections

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1962. Further studies on the genes in oats for resistance in stem rust. Canadian Journal

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1961. A cytogenetic study of certain interspecific Avena hybrids and the inheritance of

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1938. Inheritance in a cross between Avena sativa and A. sterilis ludoviciana. Journal of

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1952. Golden oats. Journal of Heridity 43:181-182.

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33

Murphy, H. C, and F. A. Coffman.

1961. Genetics of disease resistance. In F. A. Coffman, (ed.), Oats and Oat

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1946. Reaction of oat varieties to a new species of Helminthosporium. (Abstract) Phytopathology 36:407.

T. R. Stanton, and H. Stevens.

1937. Breeding winter oats resistant to crown rust, smut, and cold. Journal of the American Society of Agronomy 29:622-637.

F. J. Zillinsky, M. D. Simons, and R. Grindeland.

1958. Inheritance of seed color and resistance to races of stem and crown rust in Avena

sîrigosa. Agronomy Journal 50:539-541.

Myers, W. M., F. K. S. Koo, M. B. Moore, and B. J. Roberts.

1955. Breeding oats for stem rust resistance. Minnesota Farm and Home Science

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Narain, A.

1966. Inheritance of host reaction to races A20 and A22 of Ustilago avenae (Pers.)

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1931. Beitrag zur Immunit'átzuchtung des Hafers gegen Ustilago avenae (Pers.) Jens.

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U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1978 O—264-118