Volume 5 

Special Reports 

Part 4 

Procedural History 

AC78-SR-4 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 

U.S. Department of Commerce 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 

Issued September 1983 

U.S. Department of Commerce 

Malcolm Baldrige, Secretary 

Gerald J. Mossinghoff, Acting Deputy Secretary 

Robert G. Dederick, Under Secretary for 

Economic Affairs 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

C.L. Kincannon, 

Acting Director 

Volume 5 

Special Reports 

Part 4 

Procedural History 

AC78-SR-4 
BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

C.L. Kincannon, 

Acting Director 

Roger Bugenhagen, Acting Associate Director 

for Economic Fields 

Michael G. Farrell, Assistant Director for 

Economic and Agriculture Censuses 

AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

John H. Berry, Chief 

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS-This procedural history was prepared in 

the Data User Services Division by Michael A. Hovland, under the 

supervision of Frederick G. Bohme, Chief, Census History Staff. The 

following individuals reviewed the manuscript and made valuable 

suggestions: Shirley Kallek, former Associate Director for Economic 

Fields (to May 1983); Orvin L. Wilhite, Chief of Agriculture Division, 

to Jan. 1980, and his successor, Arnold L. Bollenbacher; John E. 

Adkins, Kenneth R. Norell, Charles E. Rogers, William R. Adams, 

Patricia A. Clark, Kent C. Hoover, D. Dean Prochaska, Francine K. 

Rattner, Billy Stark, and John C. Womack, all of Agriculture Division; 

Michael Weiler of Field Division; and Carmina Young of Decennial 

Census Division. 

Editorial services and publication planning were provided by 

Joan I. Kinikin of Publications Services Division, 

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data 

United States, Bureau of the Census. 

1978 census of agriculture. 

Supt. of Docs. no.: L3.31/ 

CONTENTS: v. 1. State and county data.-v. 2. Statistics by subject.-

v. 3. Agricultural services. [etc.] 

1. Agricu Itu re-United States-Statistics. I. Title. II. Title: Census of 

agricu Itu reo HD1753 1978.B877 1980 38.1 '0973 79·600215 

For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing 

Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Postage stamps not acceptable; currency 

submitted at sender's risk. Remittances from foreign countries must be 

by internation money order or by a draft on a U.S. bank. 
CHAPTER 1. 

Introduction 

General Information ........................ . 

Uses of Agriculture Census Data ................ . 

Legal Authority ........................... . 

Legislation Affecting 1978 Census of Agriculture ..... . 

Scope and Reference Dates ................... . 

General Information ...................... . 

Scope of the 1978 Censuses ................. . 

Scope of the 1978 Program Sample Surveys ....... . 

Reference Dates ......................... . 

Definition of a Farm ........................ . 

Organization of The Bureau of the Census .......... . 

Expenditures ............................. . 

CHAPTER 2. 

Planning and Preliminary Operations 

Preliminary Planning ........................ . 

Initial Considerations ...................... . 

Advance Planning ........................ . 

Determination of Content .................... . 

Consultation on 1978 Census Program ............ . 

General Information ...................... . 

Census Advisory Committee on Agriculture Statistics .. 

'Interagency Consultation ................... . 

The Ad Hoc Conference on Report Form Content '" 

Meetings With Farmers ..................... . 

July 1977 Content Test ...................... . 

Preparation ............................ . 

Background information .................. . 

Sample design .. '.' ..................... . 

Report forms ......................... . 

Mailout and Response ..................... . 

Mailout and followup .................... . 

Field interviews. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ........ . 

Processing and Analysis .................... . 

Processing ........................... . 

Analysis and results ..................... . 

Comments from respondents ............... . 

January 1978 Content Test ................... . 

Background Information ................... . 

Report Forms ....... ' ................... . 

Sample Selection ........................ . 

Mailout and Processin~ ..................... . 

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Contents 

CHAPTER 3. 

Preparatory Operations 

Introduction ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14 

Address List Compilation .................... " 14 

Introduction ............................ 14 

General information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14 

General procedures ...................... 14 

Sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14 

Format and Standardization .................. 15 

EIN Unduplication ........................ 16 

SSN Unduplication ........................ 16 

Name and Address Unduplication .............. 17 

General ........... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 17 

Geocoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 17 

Na me and address recode ................. . 

Sort, linkage and unduplication ............. . 

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Controls ............................... 18 

General information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 18 

Zip-code sample for testing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 18 

Source-file microfilm and audit trail ., _ . . . . . . .. 18 

Trace sample .......................... 19 

Control counts ......................... 19 

Census File Numbers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 

Must and Certainty Cases '" .... , .......... " 19 

Mail List Sampling ........................ 19 

Farm and Ranch Identification Survey . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20 

Introduction ............................ 20 

Spring Farm and Ranch Identification Survey Test ... 20 

Background information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20 

The test report forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20 

The test sample ....................... " 20 

Mailout and followup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 21 

Response and processing 

Fall Mail List Update Test 

Background information 

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Mailout and response .................... . 

Processing and analysis ................... . 

The Farm and Ranch Identification Survey 

report form ........................ . 

Development of Farm and Ranch Identification 

Survey Mail File ........................ . 

Mailout and Followup '" .................. . 

Preparation and initial mail out .............. . 

Followup mailings ...................... . 

Postmaster return~ 

Processing ............................. . 

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Receipt, batch and check-in ................ . 

Clerical review - ....................... . Technical review and microfilm research ....... . 

Data keying and computer processing ......... . 

Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Response to the survey ................... . 

Results ............................. . 

Publicity ................................ . 

General Information ...................... . 

Theme and Symbol ....................... . 

Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Printed Materials ......................... . 

Posters ............................. . 

Brochures and standardized speeches and statements. 

Newspapers and magazines ................ . 

Farm Census Guide ........................ . 

Agribusiness and Agricultural Organizations ........ . 

Printing and Addressing Report Forms ............ . 

General Information ...................... . 

Address Labels .......................... . 

Security of the Census Address Files ............ . 

Printing, Assembling, and Addressing the Mailing 

Packages ............................. . 

Quantities ........................... . 

Quality control ........................ . 

Hawaii and Alaska ...................... . 

Multiunits and abnormals ................. . 

Labeling ............................. . 

CHAPTER 4. 

Data Collection and Processing 

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Introduction .............................. 32 

Data Collection ............................ 32 

General Information ....................... 32 

Initial and Supplemental Mailouts .............. 32 

General information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 32 

Supplemental mailings .................... 33 

Followup Mailinqs . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. 33 

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 33 

Reminder letter mailout ................... 34 

First followup ......................... , 34 

Second followup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 34 

Third followup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 34 

Special April followup .................... 35 

Fourth followup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 35 

Fifth followup ......................... 35 

Sixth followup ......................... 35 

Tenant/successor followuD mailing . . . . . . . . . . .. 36 

Hawaiian followup ...................... , 36 

Telephone Followup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 36 

General information ....................... 36 

Telephone followup staff ................... , 36 

Telephone operations ...................... 36 

Work assignments ....................... 36 

The control unit ........................ 36 

The telephone interviewer unit .......... _ . . .. 37 

Results 

Citrus Growers ............................ . 

Background Information ................... . 

1978 Enumeration ....................... . 

1978 Census of Agriculture Area Sample .......... . 

Background ............................ . 

Sample Selection ........................ . 

Sample design and sampling unit ............ . 

Stratification and sample selection ........... . 

Data Collection ................. : ....... . 

Field procedures test .................... . 

Enumeration staff and training .............. . 

Enumeration materials and procedures ........ . 

The enumeration ....................... . 

Quality control coverage check ............. . 

Processing ............................. . 

General .............................. 

Receipt and check-in ....... _ ............ . 

Matching ............................ . 

Clerical review, geocoding, and keying ......... . 

Computer processing, tabulation and publication .. . 

Precomputer Processing ...................... . 

General Information ...................... . 

Receipt and Check-in ...................... . 

Batch for check-in ...................... . 

Check-in keying ....................... . 

State sort ............................ . 

Census File Number Research ................ . 

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Clerical Screening and Review ............... ,. 42 

General information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 42 

Screening and correction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 43 

Verification and quality control . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 43 

Correspondence .......................... 43 

Postmaster returns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 44 

Technical Review .................. . . . . . .. 45 

General procedures ...................... 45 

Computer-edit rejection review .............. 45 

Edit rejects .......... _ . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 45 

Correspondence referrals .................. , 45 

Coverage unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 45 

Data keying ............................ , 46 

The data-keying system ................... 46 

Data-keying operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 46 

Verification ........................... , 46 

Computer Processing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 46 

General Information ....................... 46 

Formatting ............................. 47 

Computer Editing and Failed-Edit Correction. . . . . .. 47 

Computer editing ....................... 47 

Failed-edit correction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 48 

Final data merge ........................ 49 

Imputation for nonresponse ................ 49 

Stratification and sample weighting. . . . . . . . . . .. 49 

Tabulating and Reviewing Data ................ 49 

General information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 49 

Analytical tabulations .................... 50 

County data corrections .. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 50 
Tabulations for counties, States, divisions, regions, 

and the United States ................... . 

Final disclosure analysis 

CHAPTER 5. 

1978 Census of Agricultural Services 

General Information ........................ . 

Background ............................ . 

Definition of an Agricultural Service Establishment .. . 

Scope of the Census ...................... . 

Planning .............................. . 

Report Forms .......................... . 

Mail List ............................. . 

Enumeration ............................. . 

Initial Mailout .......................... . 

Followup Mailings ........................ . 

Supplemental Mailing ..................... . 

Telephone Followup ...................... . 

Results ............................... . 

Data Processing ........................... . 

Precomputer Processing .................... . 

Receipt and check-in .................... . 

Correspondence ....................... . 

Clerical screening and coding ............... . 

Keying the data ........................ . 

Computer Processing ...................... . 

Editing ............................. . 

Correction program ..................... . 

Tabulation of the data ................... . 

Publication Program 

CHAPTER 6. 

Special Censuses and Program Sample Surveys 

Introduction ............................. . 

General Information ...................... . 

Legal Authority ......................... . 

Reference Year and General Procedures ......... . 

1978 Census of Irrigation Organizations ........... . 

Background Information ................... . 

Introduction .......................... . 

Historical background ................... . 

Scope .............................. . 

Planning and Preparation ................... . 

Initial planning ........................ . 

March 1978 Content Pretest ................. . 

Development of the report forms ............ . 

Sample selection and mailout ............... . 

Followup ............................ . 

Finalization of the report form design ......... . 

Compilation of the Mailing List ................. . 

Sources ••• a •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Control cards ........................... . 

Assignment of census file numbers ............. . 

Preparation of Maps ........................ . 

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Enumeration ............................. . 

General plan ........................... . 

Preparations for the initial mailout ............. . 

Thank you/reminder cards .................. . 

Mail followup ........................... . 

Telephone followup ...................... . 

Precomputer Processinq of the Data .............. . 

General information ...................... . 

Check-in .............................. . 

Clerical edit and technical review .............. . 

Data keying ............................ . 

Computer Processi ng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

General information ....................... . 

Computer batch-edit ...................... . 

Tabulation of the data ..................... . 

Publication ............................... . 

1978 Census of Drainage ..................... . 

Introduction ........................... . 

Purpose ............................. . 

Historical information ................... . 

Planning and Preparation ................... . 

Planning considerations .................. . 

Scope and data content .................. . 

Data Collection ......................... . 

Processing the Data ....................... . 

Publication ............................ . 

1979 Census of Horticultural Specialties .......... ' .. 

Introduction ........................... . 

Purpose and history ..................... . 

Scope ............. _ ................ . 

Preparations ............................ . 

Planning ............................ . 

Mailing lists ....................... , .. . 

Report forms ......................... . 

Finalization of the report forms ............. . 

Data Collection 

Preparations for the mailout ............... . 

Initial mailout and followup ............... . 

Supplemental mailings ................... . 

Telephone followup ..................... . 

Results ............................. . 

The SRS data-collection effort .............. . 

Data processing ......................... . 

Check-in ............................ . 

Clerical edit .......................... . 

Data keying and computer edit ............. . 

Tabulation 

Publication 

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1979 Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey ........... . 

Preparations ............................ . 

Purpose and scope ...................... . 

Report form pretest ............... _ ...... . 

Finalization of the report form content ........ . 

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Sample selection ........................ 66 

Data Collection ......................... . 

Preparations for mailout .................. . 

Mail followup ......................... . 

Telephone followup ..................... . 

Results ............................. . 

Data Processing ......................... . 

Receipt and check-in .................... . 

Precomputer edit ....................... . 

Computer edit ........................ . 

Tabulation ........................... . 

Publication ............................ . 

1979 Farm Finance Survey ................... . 

Introduction ........................... . 

Background and purpose .................. . 

Planning and Preparations ................... . 

General plan .......................... . 

Report form pretest ..................... . 

Finalization of report form content .......... . 

Sample selection ....................... . 

Data Collection 

Preparation for mail out .................. . 

Mailout and mail followup ................ . 

Telephone followup ..................... . 

Results ............................. . 

Data Processing .......................... . 

Receipt and check-in .................... . 

Precomputer edit ....................... . 

Computer edit ........................ . 

Tabulation ........................... . 

Publication ............................. . 

1979 Farm Energy Survey .................... . 

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Preparations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 71 

Purpose and scope ....................... 71 

General planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 71 

Content pretest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 71 

Finalization of the report form .............. 72 

Sample selection ....................... . 

Data Collection ......................... . 

The initial mailout ...................... . 

Mail followup ......................... . 

Telephone followup ..................... . 

Results ............................. . 

Data Processing ......................... . 

Receipt and check·in .................... . 

Precomputer edit and data-keying ............ . 

Computer edit ........................ . 

Tabulation ........................... . 

Publication ................ 

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CHAPTER 7. 

1978 Census of Agriculture in Puerto Rico 

Introduction ............................. . 

Historical Background ..................... . 

Legal Authority and Special Agreement With the 

Commonwealth Government ................ . 

Definition of a Farm ...................... . 

Planning and Preparation ..................... . 

Planning .............................. . 

Preliminary plans ....................... . 

Census schedule ....................... . 

General plan for the census ................ . 

Preparatory Operations .................... . 

Report forms ......................... . 

Farm listing pretest ..................... . 

Special farms identification survey ........... . 

Field Organization and Training ............... . 

General organizations .................... . 

Recruiting and training ................... . 

Enumeration materials ................... . 

Publicity ............................ . 

Enumeration ............................. . 

Special Farms Enumeration ................. . 

Mailout ............................. . 

Field followup ........................ . 

Field Enumeration ...................... ,. 

Taking the census ...................... . 

Callbacks ............................ . 

Field Review and Quality Control ............. . 

Enumeration results ...................... . 

Post-Enumeration Evaluation Survey ............. . 

Data Processing ........................... . 

General Information ...................... . 

Editing ............................... . 

Tabulation ............................. . 

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Comparabilit'j of the Data ..................... 80 

Publication Program ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 80 

CHAPTER 8. 

Census of Agriculture in Outlying Areas 

Introduction ............................. . 

General Information ...................... . 

Historical background ................... . 

Legal authorization ..................... . 

Special arrangements .................... . 

Farm definition and reporting periods ......... . 

Census of Agriculture on Guam and in the Virgin 

Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . 

Census Schedule ......................... . 

Map Preparation ......................... . 

Training and Reference Materials .............. . 

Staffs and Training ....................... . 

Taking the Census ........................ . 

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CONTENTS vii 

General information ..................... . 

Enumeration areas and enumeration districts .... . 

Methods of enumeration .................. . 

Callbacks ............................ . 

Controls and reports .................... . 

Field Review 

Census of Agriculture in American Samoa and Northern 

Mariana Islands .......................... . 

General Information ...................... . 

Planning and Preparation ................... . 

Census schedule 

Map preparation ....................... . 

Training and reference materials ............. . 

Staffing, training, and expenditures ........... . 

Agricultural census report forms ............. . 

Taking the Census ........................ . 

General information ..................... . 

Enumeration methodology ................ . 

Review and edit ....................... . 

Quality control ........................ . 

Data Processing ........................... . 

Guam and the Virgin Islands ................. . 

American Samoa and Northern Mariana Islands .... . 

Publication Program ........................ . 

CHAPTER 9. 

Coverage Evaluation and Research 

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Coverage Evaluation Program ................... , 88 

Purpose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 88 

General Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 88 

Sample Survey Designs and Methodologies. . . . . . . .. 88 

The 1978 Annual Housing Survey (AHS) . . . . . . .. 88 

The CAAS Post-Enumeration Survey (PES) ...... 88 

Matching, Mailing, and Processing Operations. . . . . .. 89 

Tabulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 89 

Publication ............................. 89 

Processing Evaluation Sample .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 89 

Special Coverage Studies ...................... 90 

Introduction ........................... . 

General Procedures ....................... . 

The misclassification study ................ . 

Farms missed in the CAAS ................. . 

The CAAS overcount study 

CHAPTER 10. 

Dissemination of Census Data 

Introduction .............................. . 

Comparability of the Data .................. . 

Quantity of 1978 Statistics Published .......... . 

Publication Process ......................... . 

Production Control and Reporting System ........ . 

Publication Steps ........................ . 

Grouping and Binding of Reports .............. . 

Printing, Pricing and Distribution .............. . 

1978 Census of Agriculture Printed Reports ....... . 

Preliminary reports ..................... . 

Volume 1, State and County Data ........... . 

Volume 2, Statistics by Subject ............. . 

Volume 3, Agricultural Services ............. . 

Volume 4, Irrigation .................... . 

Volume 5, Special Reports ................ . 

Microfiche ........................ . 

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Computer Tapes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 

Users' Conference ............... . 96 

APPENDIXES 

A. Historical Notes ........................ 97 

B. Key Personnel . ........................ 101 

C. Advisory Committee on Agriculture Statistics ..... 111 

D. 1978 Census of Agriculture Data User Conferences. 112 

E. Publications in Selected Series . ............. 114 

F. Outline of Principal Activities ............... 118 

G. Report Forms ......................... 121 

Changes in the Standard Report Forms ....... 121 

Selected Forms and Followup Letters ........ 125 

H. Provisions of Title 13 Relating to the 1978 

Census of Agriculture .................... 291 

GENERAL INFORMATION 

The 1978 Census of Agriculture was the 21st such enumeration in United States history. Agricultural censuses are normally 

carried out at 5-year intervals, but the intercensal period 

following the 1974 census was shortened to 4 years, and will 

again be 4 years after the 1978 enumeration, so that the 

reference years for the 22nd agricultural census and the other 

1982 economic censuses will coincide. 

The basic unit for wh ich data are collected in the agriculture 

census is the individual farm (or, in the case of the census of 

agricultural services and various special ized data collection 

operations, the individual operating unit). Farm operators are 

asked to provide information on land in farms and land use, 

agricultural production and sales, inventories and sales of 

livestock and poultry, use of fertilizers and chemicals, ownership of machinery and equipment, selected operating expenses, 

business organization of the farm, and so on. 

USES OF AGRICULTURE CENSUS DATA 

Data from the census of agriculture are valuable not only to 

farm operators, but also to the entire agribusiness sector of our 

economy. Census data, as well as current sample estimates 

derived from or based on census benchmark data, are widely 

used for plarming purposes by manufacturers servicing agricultural operations, and by businesses involved in the transportation, processing, or distribution of agricultural products to the 

consumer. While some of the same kinds of information are 

collected by other Federal agencies in periodic or occasional 

sample surveys, data from. the census are the only statistics on 

agriculture that are comparable, county by county and State by 

State, on a nationwide basis, and classifying farms by size, 

tenure, type of organization, market value of farm products 

sold, and type of farm enterprise. 

The census data are used by administrators and legislative 

bodies at all levels of government in developing farm and rural 

programs and in analyzing the results of such programs. The 

census provides a county-level data base for decision making by 

public and private organizations; comprises a body of benchmark figures used in adjusting the various statistical series 

maintained by the U.S. Department of Agriculture; and establishes a framework for research projects conducted by universities, government agencies, farm organizations, agricultural 

Chapter l. 

Introduction 

management organizations, and others. The data perm it analysis 

of changes in many facets of agriculture (changing technology, 

increased mechanization, capital structure, etc.) as well as 

within the agricultural economy as a whole. Thus the accuracy 

and completeness of each agriculture census is important, both 

to the individual farmer who provides the information needed, 

and to a wide variety of other data users who must rely on these 

statistics for a clear view of an essential part of the American 

economy. 

In the past, few farm operators have knowingly made direct 

use of the agriculture census data-their benefits have accrued 

from the publication of these statistics by intermediate sources, 

and from the use of the information by private entrepreneurs 

and government planners. I n an effort to increase awareness of 

the value of census data, an item was included on the 1978 

Census of Agriculture report form inviting respondents to ask 

for the major census results for their county. Those requesting 

one were sent a two-page summary of these statistics as soon as 

the preliminary results for their county were available. The 

summary enabled each operator to compare his or her individual 

agricultural activities with county totals and averages. 

LEGAL AUTHORITY 

The census of agricultu re is taken under the provIsions of 

title 13, U.S. Code, Census, wh ich governs the operations of the 

Bureau, an agency of the U.S. Department of Commerce. 

Chapter 1 (Administration) of that title is concerned with 

administrative operations and sets forth procedures regarding 

the collection and treatment of data, the qual ifications and 

duties of employees and supervisors, authorization of appropriations, etc. Most particularly, regarding the actual conduct of 

censuses, section 5 provides that "The Secretary [of Commerce] 

shall prepare schedules, and shall determine the inquiries, and 

the number, form, and subdivisions thereof, for the statistics, 

surveys, and censuses provided for in this title." Section 9(a) 

protects the confidential ity of the data by prohibiting (1) use of 

the information for any except the statistical purposes for 

whic/1 it is supplied, (2) publication of any data that could 

identify any particular individual or establishment, and (3) 

access to census reports by anyone except sworn Commerce 

Department officials and employees. 

Chapter 5 (Censuses), section 142, of title 13 directs the 

Secretary of Commerce to conduct a census of agriculture 
2 INTRODUCTION 

" ... in 1979, in 1983, and in every fifth year beginning after 

1983 ... " to take a census of irrigation and drainage in 

conjunction with the census of agriculture" ... in 1979, in 1988, 

and every tenth year beginning after 1988 ... ," and that the 

data collected in each census shall relate to the immediately 

preceding year. Section 191 of this chapter requires the 

inclusion in these censuses of each State, the Districtof Columbia, 

the Virgin Islands, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern 

Mariana Islands, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, 

". .. and, as may be determined by the Secretary with the 

concurrence of the Secretary of State, such other possessions 

and areas over which the United States exercises jurisdiction, 

control, or sovereignty:' This latter section also prescribes the 

manner in which censuses may be taken of territories or areas 

outside the 50 States. The enumerations in Puerto Rico are 

conducted in accordance with special agreements made before 

each census with the Government of the Commonwealth. In the 

other outlying areas, the census data may be collected by the 

Governor or highest ranking Federal official, in accordance with 

plans approved by the Secretary of Commerce. Section 195 

authorizes the Bureau to cover census topics by sampling, where 

appropriate. 

Sections 221 and 224 of Chapter 7 (Offenses and Penalties) 

require respondents to supply the information requested (on 

penalty of a fine of $100 for individuals or $500 for companies, 

businesses, religious bodies, and other organizations), while 

section 214 of the same chapter prescribes the penalties (a fine 

of not more than $5,000, or imprisonment for up to 5 years, or 

both) incurred by any employee or staff member who publishes 

or communicates census information, the disclosure of which is 

prohibited, to any but sworn Commerce employees or officers. 

LEGISLATION AFFECTING 1978 CENSUS 

OF AGRICULTURE 

The conduct of a census of agriculture for the year 1978 

instead of 1979 was the result of special legislation. The great 

technological changes in American agricultural production, 

distribution, and processing and marketing practices since the 

end of World War II have shifted much of the process of 

agricultural activity between the producer and the consumer 

from the farm to off·farm establishments. Thus, any attempt to 

obtain a picture of the agricultural sector of the economy must 

include data from both farm and nonfarm sources. It was 

recognized that a more accurate "snapshot" of the Nation's 

economy could be provided if the economic censuses and the 

agriculture census data were for the same reference period 

(census year). Accordingly, in 1972, the Bureau suggested that 

the 1974 Census of Agriculture be postponed, and that the next 

enumeration be conducted for 1977, in conjunction with the 

economic censuses for that year. This proposal generated 

considerable opposition among agricultural data users and, after 

about 15 months' delay in planning, the plan to postpone the 

census was scrapped. 

The idea of obtaining data for all the agriculture and 

economic censuses for the same reference period was still 

considered a legitimate gotil, and in June 1975, a bill, H.R. 

7824, was introduced in Congress to alter title 13 by having 

section 142, paragraph (a) read "The Secretary shall in 1979, in 

1983, and every fifth year beginning after 1983, take a census 

of agriculture [covering the preceding calendar yearl." This 

wording meant that (1) the next two intercensal periods would 

be only 4 years long, before the 5·year cycle was resumed; (2) 

the agriculture census for 1982, and any following, could be 

taken in conjunction with the economic censuses; and (3) there 

would be no break in the cycle of available agriculture census 

data sets, as would have been the case if a census had been 

postponed or cancelled. After hearings in September 1975, H.R. 

7824 was approved and signed into law in March 1976 as Publ ic 

Law 94-229. 

In October 1976, a somewhat more extensive modification 

of title 13 was undertaken when H.R. 11337 was signed and 

became Public Law 94·521, sometimes known as the MidDecade Census Law since its major provisions concerned the 

establish ment of mid-decade censuses of population and 

housing. Besides directing the taking of these new censuses, the 

act made a number of other alterati'ons to various sections of 

the title, two of which had direct effects on the census of 

agriculture: Section 191, paragraph (b) was changed to specifically include the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana 

Islands (as distinct from the Trust Territory of the Pacific 

Islands); while sections 221, 224, 225, and 241 were reworded 

to remove the threat of jail penalties for persons refusing to 

answer census inquiries. (The proviso of fines for nonresponse 

was retained, as well as the punishment for false information 

and wrongful disclosure.) 

A number of bills considered by Congress during the 

intercensal period preceding the 1978 enumeration' did not 

become law but had substantial effect on the Bureau's plans and 

actions, in that they demonstrated the degree of public interest in 

certain areas of census operations. This was perhaps most 

apparent in the area of the reduction of respondent burden, 

where a number of bills, notably H.R. 14830 (submitted July 

1976) and H.R. 7012 (May 1977). called for substantial 

reductions in respondent burden in the agricultural enumeration 

(50 and 40 percent, respectively, although no base against which 

these reductions were to be measured was identified). The 

Bureau opposed both proposals on the grounds that the 

reduction of respondent burden by some arbitrary figure would 

undermine the validity and utility of the data, but the bills 

served to reinforce the Bureau's own determination to reduce 

respondent burden to the greatest degree possible. In a like 

manner, H. R. 7411, intended to amend title 13 to provide for the 

collection and publication of data on foreign ownership of 

property (including farmland) in the United States, did not 

become law, but congressional interest in these data encouraged 

the Bureau to include an item on both its sample and nonsample 

report forms asking if any land operated by the respondent was 

held under foreign ownership at any time during the census 

year. 

SCOPE AND REFERENCE DATES 

General Information 

The 1978 Census of Agriculture program can be divided into 

two parts: the census of agriculture proper, which has come to 
INTRODUCTION 3 

mean the enumeration of farms; and the various enumerations 

or surveys of specific parts of the agricultural economy, such as 

the census of agricultural services or the survey of farm finance. 

The agriculture census program, as a whole, included the 

following censuses and surveys: 

1978 Census of Agriculture 

1978 Census of Agricultural Services 

1978 Census of Irrigation 

1978 Census of Drainage 

1979 Census of Horticultural 

Specialties 

Scope of 1978 Censuses 

1979 Farm Finance Survey 

1979 Farm and Ranch I rrigation Survey 

1979 Farm Energy Survey 

The census of agriculture traditionally is taken on an 

operating-unit basis, the operating unit generally being the farm. 

The 1978 census involved the enumeration of all farms active in 

agricultural production during the census year in the 50 States, 

Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands. Censuses of 

agriculture in American Samoa an,_1 the CumlitGllwealth of the 

Northern Mariana Islands were carried out as adjuncts to the 

1980 Census of Population and Housing, but the agricultural 

data collected were published as part of the 1978 Census of 

Agriculture publication program. Data were collected onAcreage 

Crops 

Fruit and nut production 

Vegetables 

Nursery and greenhouse products 

Value of saler. 

Land use 

Irrigation 

Type of organization 

Livestock and pou Itry 

Animal specialties 

Characteristics and occupation 

of operator 

Foreign ownership of farmland 

in 1978 

Use of fertilizers, pesticides, 

and other chemicals 

Selected production expenditures 

Expenditu res for energy 

Machinery and equipment 

Market value of land and 

buildings 

The census of agricultural services is taken to provide 

statistics on the rapidly growing investment in capital and labor 

input to agricultural production that is shifting from the farm to 

off-farm entrepreneurs. For individuals and establishments 

engaged in agricultural services as defined by the 1972 Standard 

Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual, the 1978 census collected 

data onGross receipts 

Payroll and number of employees 

Supplemental labor costs 

Capital expenditures 

Changes in value of depreciable 

assets 

Expenditures for energy 

The decennial census of irrigation collects data primarily 

from organizations supplying water to farms and ranches, 

although a limited amount of irrigation information is obtained 

from farm operators on the agriculture census form. The 1978 

Census of Irrigation used two data collection forms (for 

single-basin and multi-basin organizations) and collected data 

onType of organization 

Sou rce of water 

Water users and acres served 

Irrigation facilities (diversion dams, 

wells, canals, etc.) 

Irrigation water storage reservoirs 

Measurement of water 

New capital investment, and 

indebted ness 

Cost of operation and maintenance 

Irrigation revenue 

Diversion and delivery points 

In 1978, a limited amount of data were collected from 

drainage districts in the 1977 Census of Governments, and these 

were substituted for drainage project data as previously collected. The 1978 Census of Drainage proper compiled data onNu mber of drainage districts 

Revenues received and expenditures 

Long-term indebtedness 

Full-time and part-time 

employees 

The recent diminution of new drainage projects has resulted 

in a decline in the need for drainage project statistics, and 

during the review and rejustification of subject matter that 

accompanied the development of plans for the 1978 census, the 

Bureau was unable to find any substantial interest in agricultural 

drainage project statistics by data users except on the part of 

the Soil Conservation Service (SCS), U.S. Department of 

Agriculture. Because of their participation in the planning and 

engineering of drainage works both public and private, the 

county and State SCS offices had sufficient drainage records 

and other information to meet the limited data needs. 

For the 1978 Census of Drainage, it was decided to utilize 

SCS drainage records as the principal source of statistics in 

developing county and State estimates on the acreage of 

agricultural land benefited by artificial drainage. 

The 1979 horticulture census was taken in cooperation with 

the U.S. Department of Agriculture in those States where USDA 

conducted its annual floriculture survey. The USDA collected 

data for all the establishments on its own mailing list and, after 

aggregating the floriculture data, released the individual report 

forms to the Bureau's Agriculture Division. Data for establishments on the Census I ist but not on the USDA I ist were 

collected by the Bureau under the mandatory provisions of title 

13, United States Code, and thus were not shared with USDA. 

In the 1979 Census of Horticultural Specialties data were 

collected onGreenhouse products 

Nursery products 

Mushrooms 

Sod 

Land used 

Structures 

Equipment 

Irrigation 

Sales and purchases 

Expenses 

Labor 

Scope of 1978 Program Sample Surveys 

Follow-on sample surveys to obtain more detailed information than is feasible to collect from all farm operators in the 

census have been conducted since before the turn of the 

century. For the 1978 census, surveys of farm finance, on-farm 

irrigation, and energy use on farms were part of the program. 

The 1979 Farm Finance Survey collected data onLand ownership 

Value of land and buildings 

Rent information 

Purchases, expenditures, and 

credit used 

Debts as of December 31, 1979 

Value of farm products sold 

Production contracts 

Income and expenses from 

fa rm-related sou rces 

Taxes 

Assets 

Off-farm income and off-farm 

work 

Landlord characteristics 

The 1979 Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey was taken to 

supply up-to-<late statistical measures relating to irrigation water 
4 INTRODUCTION 

use on the Nation's farms and ranches. Data were collected onLand in farms 

Land use 

Irrigated and non irrigated 

crop yields 

Method of irrigation 

Quantity of water used 

Selected irrigation facilities 

Capital expenditures, maintenance and repair costs 

Energy use for irrigation 

Irrigation used for secondary 

purposes 

The 1979 Farm Energy Survey was taken in response to the 

demand for specific energy information, basic to energy 

planning, such as for possible priority allocation, stimulation of 

the development and use of alternate energy sources, seasonal 

needs, etc. The 1979 Farm Energy Survey collected data onAcres operated, by ownership 

Livestock and crops and val ue of 

sales 

Energy expenditures and usage 

I nventories and capacity of on-farm 

storage 

Type of delivery service 

Customwork by others 

Customwork for others 

Reference Dates 

Inventory, size, and use of wheel 

tractors, motor trucks, 

combines, automobiles, and 

other self-propelled equipment 

Irrigation pumps 

Electric motors over 1 horsepower 

Crop drying or curing facilities 

Nonresidential farm buildings 

heated or cooled 

The reference dates for the 1978 Census of Agriculture (i.e., 

the period(s) for which data were requested) varied, depending 

upon the area involved and the information requested. For the 

50 States, inventory data were obtained as of December 31, 

1978, and all other data (except for a few crops, such as citrus, 

for which data were collected for the production year) were 

requested for calendar year 1978. In Puerto Rico, inventory 

data were collected as of July 1, 1978, while production 

information was requested for the 12-month period from July 

1, 1977 to June 30, 1978. In the outlying areas, production 

data for Guam were collected for the calendar year 1977 and 

inventory data as of the date of enumeration (April 15-May 31, 

1978); while in the Virgin Islands, production data were 

requested for the 12 months preceding the enumeration and 

inventory items as of the date of enumeration (June 28-July 31, 

1978). In American Samoa and the Northern Mariana Islands, 

the census was carried out in 1980, 'concurrently with the 

population and housing census, and all data were requested for 

cal endar year 1979. 

DEFINITION OF A FARM 

A definition of a farm for census purposes was first 

established for the 1850 enumeration. The definition has been 

altered a number of times since, but the essential features of 

everyone used have been that (1) the land involved be operated 

under the day-to-day control of one person or management 

(partnersh ip, corporation, etc.), and (2) that the land be used for 

or connected with agricultural operations. Thus, the enumeration and farm count have been on an operating-unit rather than 

on a land-ownership basis. Further, the tracts of land operated 

as a single farm did not have to be contiguous. 

The key, of course, has been whether or not the land was 

involved in agricultural operations, which naturally requires a 

definition (again, for census purposes) of what constitutes 

"agricultural operations." Briefly, these include the production 

of livestock, poultry, and animal specialties and their products, 

and the production of crops, including fruits, greenhouse, and 

nursery products. Farms may vary in size from hobby operations barely meeting the minimum definition criteria to diversified businesses including thousands of acres of cropland, 

extensive orchards, livestock range operations, feedlots, and 

dairy and poultry operations. 

The farm definition used in the censuses of 1850 and 1860 

had no acreage requirement, but set a lower limit of $100 in 

value of agricultural products. Since that time, acreage and 

dollar value of production limits have been added to the 

definition, changed, or removed. In the censuses of 1900-1920 

no minimum acreages or values of production were set, provided 

the operation involved the continuous services of at least one 

person. Usually, however, the census has required that a farm 

have a minimum acreage (though the acres need not all be under 

CUltivation) varying from 3 to 10, and a minimum total value of 

production sold (TVP), varying from $100 to $500. 

The definition used for the 1959 through 1969 censuses 

counted as a farm any place that (1) contained 10 acres or more 

and had, or would normally have, sales of $50, or (2) had less 

than 10 acres, but had, or would normally have, sales of $250 or 

more. If values of sales were not reported or were obviously 

incorrect, average prices were applied to crops, livestock, and 

livestock products in order to estimate sales. 

The longer a definition goes unchanged, the more necessary 

data users perceive a change in the minimum criteria for 

including an agricultural operation in the census total to be. 

During the planning of both the 1969 and 1974 censuses, the 

Bureau became aware of increasing sentiment among data users 

that some change in the farm definition was necessary. 

Although the census law (title 13, United States Code) leaves 

the defin ition of a farm for census purposes to the discretion of 

the Secretary of Commerce, it was the Bureau's position that, as 

a neutral data-collection agency (i.e., without responsibility for 

the administration of any agricultural program), it should follow 

the lead of the data-user community, but that in the event of a 

change in definition, data would be collected and published to 

show the effect of the change. Thus, data collection and 

processing plans for the 1974 census were made in terms of the 

existing (1959) definition. Tabulation programs, however, were 

constructed to permit tabulation by either the 1959 definition 

or a new one. 

On August 12, 1975, the Departments of Agriculture and 

Commerce, with the concurrence of the Office of Management 

and Budget, announced a change in the official definition of a 

"farm." The traditional operating-unit concept was retained, 

but the minimum value of sales was increased and the acreage 

criteria were eliminated. The official census definition of a farm 

became "all land on which agricultural operations were conducted at any time during the census year under the day-to-day 

control of an individual management and from which $1,000 or 

more of agricultural products were sold, or normally would have 

been sold, during the census year." The Department of 

Commerce announcement stated that the 1974 census publications would show some data for both the old and the new 

definitions. 
INTRODUCTION 5 

Considerable opposition to the use of the new definition was 

expressed by some members of Congress, and Public Law 

94-229 (signed March 15, 1976) included a provision (section 

2) requiring that any data pUblished from the 1974 Census of 

Agriculture prior to July 1, 1976, be in accordance with the 

1959-1969 definition. The Departments of Agriculture and 

Commerce and many other interested parties considered the 

original decision to change the farm definition justified in view 

of the significant rise in price levels and other changes in the 

structure of agricultural operations. However, since the publica· 

tion of the county preliminary reports, issued during the period 

April through December 1976, began while section 2 of Public 

Law 94-229 was in effect, it was decided that the entire series of 

county preliminary reports should be tabulated and published 

under the 1959 definition. 

The enacted prohibition expired without renewal, and in 

December 1976, the Secretary of Commerce directed the use of 

the "new" farm definition for the remaining 1974 census 

publications and in future censuses. Thus, all reports except the 

preliminary reports were published on the basis of the "new" 

definition. The farm definition for the 1978 Census of 

Agriculture encompasses any agricultural operation having 

$1,000 or more in actual, or potential, sales of agricultural 

products in 1978. 

ORGANIZATION OF BUREAU OF THE 

CENSUS 

During most of the 1978 Census of Agriculture, the Bureau 

of the Census was organized under a Director, a Deputy 

Director, and five Associate Directors responsible for demo· 

graphic fields, economic fields, administration and field operations, statistical standards and methodology, and electronic data 

processing. (Administration and field operations were placed 

under separate Associate Directors in July 1979, raising the 

number of Associate Directors to six.) Five Assistant Directors 

had oversight of demographic censuses, economic and agricu I tu re censuses, administration, field operations, and 

electronic data-processing (EDP) operations. 

Aside from the Director's staff, the Bureau consisted of 

several kinds of functional divisions: (1) subject matter (agriculture, population, business, etc.), (2) data collection and 

processing, (3) statistical services (including mapping and 

geographic presentation of data), and (4) administrative services 

(personnel, finance, etc.). In addition, the Public Informatio.l 

Office was responsible for publicizing the Bureau's censuses and 

surveys; the Data User Services Division had the principal task of 

servicing data users' needs and included the Census History 

Staff, which prepared this procedural history (subject to the 

review and approval of the Chief, Agriculture Division). 

The 1978 Census of Agriculture was conducted by the 

Agricultu re Division under the general supervision of the 

Associate Director for Economic Fields and the Assistant 

Director for Economic and Agriculture Censuses. Other divisions and offices participated in the census operation or in the 

processing and publication phase of the program, most notably 

the Field Division (which operated the Bureau's regional offices 

and trained and supervised the field interview staffs}, the Data 

Preparation Division (which handled mailing, much of the 

telephone followup operation, and receipt, check-in, and clerical 

processing of the census report forms), and the various divisions 

concerned with data processing and publication services. A list 

of the key personnel and divisions that took part in the 1978 

Census of Agriculture is presented in appendix B. 

EXPENDITURES 

The planning and conduct of the 1978 Census of Agriculture 

extended over a period of several years. The initial planning was 

begun in 1976, before work on the 1974 enumeration was 

completed, and the first funds specifically earmarked for the 

1978 census operation were for fiscal year (FY) 1976. Extensive 

preparation of the mailing list, expansion of the census program 

to include censuses of irrigation and horticultu ral specialties, an 

enumerative area sample in each of the contiguous 48 States to 

improve coverage in the census, the addition of several 

follow-on sample surveys, and inflation all contributed to 

increase the total cost of the 1978 census as compared to 

previous censuses. Total expenditures for the 1978 Census of 

Agricultu re were $50,497,000. Expenditures for each fiscal year 

were as follows: 

Fiscal year 

Total 

1976 

1977 

1978 

1979 

1980 

1981 

Expenditures 

$50,497,000 

84,000 

2,563,000 

11,601,000 

21,480,000 

9,118,000 

5,651,000 
6 

PRELIMINARY PLANNING 

I nitial Considerations 

The Bureau of the Census is one of the principal statistical 

agencies of the Federal Government and, as such, has the 

responsibility for providing data for Congress, other agencies of 

the Federal Government, various State agencies, and the general 

publ ic. These data are used in setting Government pol icy, in 

academic research, and in business; they must be both timely 

and reliable, and must be collected and tabulated as economically as possible while imposing minimum burden on respondents. The planning of any census necessarily involves balancing 

respondent burden and data needs, timeliness of publication and 

detail of tabulation, data availability and cost, and so on, and 

the task is further complicated by the Bureau's concern, and 

legal obligation, to maintain respondents' privacy and the 

confidentiality of data relating to them. In the census of 

agriculture the Bureau asks farmers and operators of certain 

agriculture-oriented businesses for information they would not 

normally provide to anyone, with the possible exception of the 

Internal Revenue Service in tax matters. In order to collect 

complete and reliable data, respondents must be assured that 

their responses will be held in the strictest confidence, and that 

the Bureau's published tabulations will contain no information 

that could be used to identify a specifi.c operation or operator. 

Advance Planning 

The 1974 census suffered in some instances from the 

necessarily ad hoc nature of its planning because of uncertainty 

and suspension of work while a proposal to delay the 

enumeration until 1978 (so it could be concurrent with the 

economic censuses) was debated and ultimately rejected. (See 

page 2.) The resultant lack of time for some phases of the 

planning and testing program was keenly felt, and revealed itself 

in the quality of some of the results. While the intercensal 

period following the 1974 operation was shortened from 5 years 

to 4, the problems encountered in the 1974 census were 

alleviated with respect to the 1978 operation. This was largely 

because the advance knowledge of the shortened period enabled 

the Bureau to compensate f~r it in its planning development, 

and there was no lost motion as a result of having to close down 

and then restart planning and preparatory activities. There 

Chapter 2. 

Planning and 

Preliminary 

Operations 

would be a si milar "short" interval between the 1978 and 1982 

censuses, so that the agriculture and economic censuses could be 

carried out simultaneously for 1982. 

The Bureau established a 1978 Census Planning Staff in early 

1976, while many of the Agriculture Division personnel were 

still heavily involved in completing the 1974 census, to begin 

planning and testing for the 1978 program. Two major points 

received special emphasis in th is stage of the program: (1) 

lowering respondent burden by reducing the content of the 

report forms and increasing the use of sampling for certain data, 

and (2) increasing coverage by improving the mailing list and 

establishing a program to obtain data for places not normally 

included in mail lists which would be missed by a mailoutl 

mailback census. 

Planning also had to consider the fact that the 1978 

agricultural census would include censuses of irrigatlon, drainage, and horticultural specialties, as well as the usual enumerations of agricultural production and agricultural services, plus a 

series of three follow-on surveys in 1979. 

Reduction of respondent burden was of crucial importance 

because of the considerable volume of complaints and the 

respondent resistance encountered in the 1974 census. Every 

effort was made to reduce the number of items on the report 

forms and to design the forms so as to impose the minimum 

response burden, while still collecting the required data. It was 

determined that selected county-level data could be collected 

from a sample of about 20 percent of farm operators. F or data 

required only at the State or national level, smaller samples 

would suffice, and a series of follow-on surveys, using samples 

of agricultural operations selected from the 1978 census 

in-scope respondent lists, were designed to obtain these data. 

With regard to coverage improvement, studies of the 1974 

census indicated that 10.7 percent of all farms were not 

enumerated in the census. Farms missed in the census were 

usually small and accounted for less than 3 percent of the total 

value of agricultural product:; sold and for less than 6 percent of 

the land in farms. However, for farm programs and legislative 

use, the total farm count is very important, and the coverage, in 

terms of number of farms, had to be improved. Therefore, 

significant changes were made to the data collection procedures, 

including an attempt to compile a complete m2il list and the use 

of a direct-enumeration area sample to supplement the mail list. 

A Farm and Ranch Identification Survey was conducted the 

year before the census to determine the status of addresses on 
PLANNING AND PRELIMINARY OPERATIONS 7 

selected lists and to identify successor operators and new 

tenants. The area sample survey provided U.S., regional, and 

State·level estimates of the number and statistical characteristics 

of farms not on the mail list (i.e., those "missed" in the 

compilation effort through their absence from any source list). 

These two surveys are described on pages 20·25 and 38-41. 

DETERMINATION OF CONTENT 

The overall responsibility for determining the questions to be 

included on the census report forms is vested in the Secretary of 

Commerce, who normally delegates this authority to the 

Director of the Bureau of the Census. The actual content and 

design work was done by the Bureau's Agriculture Division, 

with the assistance of the Forms Design Branch of the 

Administrative Services Division, and with the advice and 

counsel of the Bureau's advisory committee on agricultural 

statistics, other government agencies, and other interested 

persons and organizations. 

In setting the content of the report forms for any census, the 

Bureau must decide, within the authority granted by Congress, 

whether items meet high-priority needs, and whether each 

inquiry can be answered with reasonable accuracy by respondents. Fu rther, there are I imits to both the number and kind of 

questions that the Bureau can readily expect farmers to answer. 

While response is requ ired by statute, the Bureau does not 

usually employ the coercive powers of the law to try to obtain 

it. This would be unproductive and would have unfortunate 

consequences in terms of the public's perceptions of the Bureau 

of the Census. For all of these reasons, the Bureau makes every 

effort to restrict to the absolute minimum necessary the 

number, complexity, and sensitivity of the questions asked on 

the census report form. 

Selection of the inquiries for 1978 began with consideration 

of the report forms used in the 1974 enumeration. The Bureau's 

objective was to eliminate all items that were not of the highest 

priority for the 1978 enumeration. Accordingly, many items 

included in the 1974 forms were omitted or simplified for the 

1978 census. Several new questions were added, principally to 

the sample version of the report form and the general design of 

both the sample and nonsample forms was refined as a result of 

the co ntent protests of July 1977 and January 1978. (See pages 

9-13.) 

CONSULTATION ON 1978 CENSUS PROGRAM 

General Information 

The Bureau of the Census is a statistical agency, and a normal 

part of its program for the planning of each of its various 

censuses and surveys is consultation with data users as to the 

kind and level of detail of data that are necessary. Regular 

contact with data users is maintained through a number of 

census advisory committees, each composed of representative 

individuals or organizations from a particular sector of the 

data-user community. The Census Advisory Committee on 

Agricultural Statistics is the principal focus of interest for those 

involved with the agricultural economy, and was an integral part 

of the planning process of the 1978 census. Various other user 

groups, from both inside and outside the Federal Government, 

were also consulted in determining the content for 1978. 

The cooperation of data suppliers is imperative if accurate 

and timely statistics are to be produced from any census or 

survey, hence the second part of the Bureau's consultation 

program involved a series of meetings with farmers to obtain 

opinions and advice on the design of the census report forms 

and the data-collection methodologies to be used. 

These efforts to consult with, and obtain the cooperation of, 

both data users and data suppliers, are described briefly below. 

Census Advisory Committee on 

Agriculture Statistics 

This Committee was chartered as a permanent advisory body 

to the Bureau of the Census in 1962; prior to that an 

agricultural advisory committee had been organized before each 

agriculture census and disbanded as soon as the data were 

published. During the 1978 census period (from mid-1976 to 

the end of 1981) the Committee met in December 1976; in May 

and October of 1977, 1978, and 1979; in April and October of 

1980; and in October 1981. The Committee heard the Bureau's 

plans for the collection, processing, and publication of the 

census data, and offered its advice regarding priorities of data 

items to be requested, data-collection methodologies, the ability 

of farm operators and others to provide the data requested, and 

the tabulations to be made and published. The Committee was 

composed of representatives of the following organizations: 

Agricultural Publishers Association 

American Agricultural Economics Association 

American Farm Bureau Federation 

American Farm Bureau Women's Committee 

American Feed Manufacturers Association 

American Meat Institute 

Conference of Consu mer Organi zations 

Farm and Industrial Equipment Institute 

Federal Statistics Users' Conference 

I rrigation Association (from 1978) 

National Agricultural Chemicals Association 

National Agri-Marketing Association 

National Association of State Departments of 

Agriculture 

National Association of State Universities and 

Land-Grant Colleges 

National Council of Farmer Cooperatives 

National Farmers Organization 

National Farmers Union 

National Food Processors Association (until 1978, 

the National Canners Association) 

National Grange 

Rural Sociological Society 

U.S. Department of Agriculture 

Economics, Statistics, and Cooperatives Service (ESCS) 

For a list of the individuals who served on this Committee 

during the census period see appendix C. The meetings of the 
8 PLANNING AND PRELIMINARY OPERATIONS 

Committee were open to the public and representatives of 

Statistics Canada, the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, 

U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Bureau of 

Economic Analysis, and other private and government agencies, 

often attended as observers. Attendees from other agencies and 

members of the public were given an opportunity to comment 

on the Bureau's plans and programs during periods reserved at 

each meeting for public questions and discussion. 

Interagency Consultation 

The Federal Government is the single largest user of the 

statistical data produced from the agricultural census. The 

primary mechanism used by the Bureau for governmentwide 

consultation with data users during the planning phase of the 

1978 census was the Interagency Committee for Planning the 

1978 Census of Agriculture, which included representatives 

from the following agencies: 

U.S. Department of Agriculture 

Statistical Reporting Service (later part of ESCS) 

U.S. Department of Commerce 

Bureau of Economic Analysis 

Commodity Futures Trading Commission 

U.S. Department of Defense 

Civil Defense Preparedness Agency 

Environmental Protection Agency 

Federal Energy Ad ministration 

Federal Reserve System 

General Services Administration 

Federal Supply Service 

U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development 

Division of Housing and Community Analysis 

U.S. Department of Interior 

Bureau of Indian Affairs 

Office of Territorial Affairs 

Water Resources Planning Coordinator 

Office of Environment and Planning Coordination 

Bureau of Reclamation 

U.S. Department of Labor 

Bureau of Labor Statistics 

Occupational Safety and Health Administration 

Office of Management and Budget 

Small Business Administration 

U.S. Department of Transportation 

Transportation Information Policy Division 

U.S. Department of the Treasury 

I nternal Revenue Service 

Office of International Affairs 

This Committee had only one formal meeting, in December 

1976, after which its business was conducted largely through 

meetings among individual members and correspondence. The 

Bureau asked agencies represented on the Committee to submit 

their data requests not later than January 24 and February 24, 

1977 for county-level and State-level items, respectively. The 

requests, and the agencies' justifications for them, were used in 

the development of the 1978 report forms and the tabulation 

and publication programs. 

The USDA is the largest user of census of agriculture data 

within the Government, and since its programs require con· 

tinuous close contact with all parts of the agricultural economy, 

the Department was able to provide a great deal of help to the 

Bureau in the preparation of the census mailing list (by 

supplying source lists), publicizing the enumeration, assisting 

respondents in completing the report forms, and so on. In 1976, 

the USDA created its own in·house committee to coordinate its 

recommendations for census content and its requests for tables 

in the census publications, computer data tapes, and special 

tabulations. The following agencies within the Department were 

represented on th is committee: 

Agricultural Marketing Service 

Agricultural Research Service 

Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service 

Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service 

Cooperative State Research Service 

Economic Research Service (later part of ESCS) 

Extension Service 

Farmer Cooperative Service 

Farmers Home Administration 

Federal Crop Insurance Corporation 

Food and Nutrition Service 

Foreign Agricultural Service 

Forest Service 

National Agricultural Library 

Packers and Stockyards Administration 

Rural Development Service 

Rural Electrification Administration 

Soil Conservation Service 

Statistical Clearance Officer 

Ad Hoc Conference on Report Form Content 

As part of its effort to improve response rates and reduce 

respondent burden in the 1978 census, the Bureau held a 

conference with data users and farmer representatives in 

September 1976 to consider the content of the 1978 report 

forms. Some 42 associations, companies, and other groups were 

invited to send representatives to a meeting at the Bureau's 

Suitland headquarters to discuss data needs and make recommendations on report form content and format and on 

enumeration techniques to be used. Participating organizations 

were as follows: 

Agway Incorporated 

American Association of Nurserymen 

American CYanamid Company 

American Farm Bureau Federation 

American Meat Institute 

Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad 

Conference of Consumer Organizations 

Data Resources, Inc. 

Farm Progress Publication~ 

I 
PLANNING AND PRELIMINARY OPERATIONS 9 

I nternational Harvester Company 

Mich igan State University 

Department of Agricu Itu re 

National Association of State Departments of 

Agriculture 

National Canners Association (later the National 

Food Processors Association) 

National Council of Farm Cooperatives 

National Farmers Organization 

National Grange 

Northrup, King and Company 

Ohio Grain, Feed and Fertilizer Association, Inc. 

Oregon State University 

Department of Agricultural Economics 

Ralston Purina Company 

Rocky Mountain Farmers Union 

Sheep I ndustry Development Program 

U.S. Department of Agriculture 

Economic Research Service and Statistical 

Reporting Service (later combined in ESCS) 

University of Central Arkansas 

Department of Sociology 

University of Florida 

Department of Food and Resource Economics 

Upjohn Company 

Wisconsin Farmers Union 

The principal areas of discussion at the conference were (1) 

the proposed use of a screening form (in the Farm and Ranch 

Identification Survey) prior to the census mailing, (2) the 

possible uses of sampling in the census itself, and (3) data needs, 

particularly at the county level. At the end of the conference 

the general conclusions researched by the participants were that 

(1) there was neither strong support for, nor strong opposition 

to, the proposed screening operation; (2) the report form to be 

used to collect the 100-percent data items for county-level data 

should request an absolute minimum of information, and should 

expressly exclude expenditure and energy items and other data 

that could be obtained on a sample basis; and (3) any additional 

data desired 'for State and/or national statistics should be 

collected in a sample of the census universe or in follow-on 

surveys. 

Meetings With Farmers 

One of the principal problems with the 1974 enumeration 

was the reluctance of some farmers to respond to the census. 

Evaluation of the census revealed that this resistance was due to 

a number of factors, including the length and complexity of the 

report forms, a general suspicion on the part of farmers that the 

data collected would be "used against them" by regulatory 

agencies or agribusiness firms, and an overall distrust of 

Government. 

While development of a shorter, simplified report form could 

do much to reduce respondent burden and improve the farmers' 

ability to supply the data requested, the distrust expressed of 

the census and the Government presented a more difficult 

problem. In an attempt to correct, or at least lessen the severity, 

of this situation, the Bureau instituted a series of public 

meetings throughout the country between members of its staff 

(usually the Associate Director for Economic Fields and 

representatives of the Agriculture Division) and groups of 

farmers. More than 40 such meetings were held between July 

1976 and December 1978, generally with the sponsorship of the 

local Member of Congress or Senator, or an agricultural 

organization. These local meetings gave Bureau personnel an 

opportunity to talk with farmers about the need for census data 

and the protection given to the individual records collected in 

any census operation. More importantly, perhaps, these 

meetings gave farmers a chance to meet some of the Bureau's 

staff and to voice their comments and complaints regarding the 

Government in general and the census in particular. It was felt 

that the personal contact between the Bureau and farmers, 

while it could not and did not completely solve the problem of 

deliberate nonresponse, did a great deal to improve relations. 

JULY 1977 CONTENT TEST 

Preparation 

Background information-Preparation for the 1978 Census of 

Agriculture included the design and testing of a new version of 

the data-collection form A 1. A two-phase test program was 

planned, with the first phase, involving the evaluation of five 

variations of the basic A 1 design, to be carried out in mid-1977. 

This test was intended to determine: 

1. If there would be significant differences in the response 

rates among five different report form formats. 

2. Whether the type of mailout envelope used would influence 

response rates. 

3. The quality of data reported for new items not included in 

earlier censuses, and to measure the respondent burden 

created by these items. 

4. Overall response rates compared to the 1974 census. 

5. Reasons for non response, and to obtain suggestions from 

respondents for improving the report form design. 

Sample design-The general plan called for test versions of the 

report form to be mailed to a sample of farms drawn from the 

1974 census list of in-scope cases with sales of less than $500,000. 

Some 5,800 addresses were selected by a random sampling of 

the 1974 national lists, stratified by 1974 standard industrial 

classification (SIC) code (type of farm). and total value of sales. 

A further sample of 2,900 addresses was selected, in ZIP-code 

clusters, for the following counties: Allegan, Mich., Canyon, 

Idaho, Chautauqua, N.Y., Dona Ana, N. Mex., Fresno, Calif., 

Samps'on, N.C., Smith, Miss., Winnebago, III., and Worth, Ga. 

The "national" sample was to be used for evaluating rates and 

quality of response. For addresses in the cluster sample, members of the Bureau's staff visited and interviewed about 1,100 

respondents and nonrespondents about the content and design 

of the report forms. 
10 PLANNING AND PRELIMINARY OPERATIONS 

Report forms-The July operation tested five versions of the 

basic report form A 1. These varied in size, color of paper, and 

arrangement of instructions, as follows: 

Form 

77-A 1 (A)-T2 

77-A 1 (B)-T2 

77-A 1 (C)-T2 

77-A1(D)-T2 

77-A 1 (E)-T2 

Characteristics 

12" x 8" 8-page booklet printed on white 

stock with black ink and shading; instructions 

on a separate sheet. 

13" x 20" sheet, folded to a 13" x 10" 4-page 

folder, printed on buff stock with black ink 

and shading, with instructions in a separate 

folder. 

13" x 21" sheet, folded to a 13" x 10'10" 4-page 

folder, printed on yellow stock with black 

ink and shading; instructions on a separate 

sheet. 

14" x 24" sheet, folded to a 14" x 8" 6-page 

folder, printed on salmon colored stock with 

black ink and shading; instructions on a separate 

sheet. 

17" x 20" sheet, folded to a 17" x 10" 4-page 

folder, printed on blue stock with black ink 

and shading, and with instructions on the last 

page. 

While the format and specific wording used for the basic 

items differed somewhat among the versions of the form, all 

requested inventory and production items, acreage and location, 

income from agricultural services, characteristics (including 

race and Spanish origin) and principal occupation of the operator, and so on. In addition, a number of data items were tested 

by inclusion in only one of the five test forms. The test sections 

in each version were as follows: 

Form version 

77-A1(AJ-T2 

77-A 1 (BJ-T2 

77-A1(CJ-T2 

77-A1(DJ-T2 

77-A1(EJ-T2 

Test section/data 

Section 19, total expenditures for energy and 

petroleum products for the farm business; and 

section 20, grain storage facilities. 

Section 18, machinery and equipment in use, 

and estimated total value of all machinery 

and equipment. 

Section 19, use of commercial fertilizers and/or 

lime; section 20, value of direct sales to consumers; and section 21, estimated total value of 

land and bu ildings. 

Section 18, use of insecticides, other herbicides, 

fungicides, other pesticides, lime, and other 

chemicals; section 19, contracts and forward 

price agreements made, and which products 

were involved. 

Section 18, selected production expenses for all 

agricultural operations. 

Two different types of skip instructions also were tested. 

Forms A and C contained one set before the crops sections, 

providing instructions for completing the remainder of the form 

based on whether or not any crops were grown. If crops were 

not grown, instructions were provided for livestock. Forms 

Band D had separate instructions ahead of the crops and 

livestock sections of the form. Form E did not contain skip 

instructions. 

The possible effect of mailout envelope size on response was 

also to be checked in the test, and four separate mailing 

envelopes were used for the mailing packages. Two white 

4 %" x lOy," envelopes (forms BC-354 and BCA41) and two 

large-format (9" x 12") manila envelopes (forms BCA91 and 

BC-2016) were used. No special messages or logos appeared on 

these envelopes beyond the normal Bureau address and postal 

frank. 

Mailout and Response 

Mailout and followup-The mailing packages were prepared 

and the address labels applied at the Jeffersonville, Ind., facility, 

The initial mailout carried first-class postage and took place 

on July 25. The contents of the various packages, and the 

number of each test report form mailed, are given in table 1. 

By mid-August a response rate of 27.5 percent, including 

some 200 postmaster returns (PMR's-packages returned by 

the postal service as undeliverable). had been achieved and a 

followup mailing was done. On August 19, form 77-L2-T2 

followup letters requesting prompt response were mailed to 

approximately 6,300 non respondent addresses and PMR 

packages were rem ailed. Three weeks after the followup letters 

were mailed, an overall response rate of 48.2 percent had been 

achieved. This was a somewhat better rate of response than 

had been attained 6 weeks into the 1974 census, but since the 

test sample was drawn from the 1974 in-scope list, a significantly 

higher rate of response had been anticipated. The 48.2-percent 

response rate prompted the Bureau to plan the first mail 

followup of the census proper for 3 weeks after the initial 

mailing, rather than 4, in the hope of stimulating a higher, and 

earlier, response to the census. The response rates achieved 

for each of the report form test versions showed that there was 

no significant difference in the respondents' preferences among 

the five versions. (See table 2.) 

Field interviews-During the week of August 22, subject-matter 

staff from the Su itland office visited 1,100 of the 1,900 

addresses in the cluster sample and interviewed respondents 

and nonrespondents for their comments and opinions about 

the report forms. Both respondents and non respondents were 

generally very cooperative with the interviewers. 

Processing and Analysis 

Processing-Upon receipt in Jeffersonville, Ind., the test forms 

were batched into work units of approximately 100 each, by 

type of form. Automatic equipment "read" the bar codes on 

the mailing labels and checked in respondent addresses. Report 

forms were then sent for editing. The clerical edit was concerned pri"marily with ensuring that the data on the forms were 

keyable, and was not intended to analyze questionable entries 

or alter the data on the forms any more than was absolutely 

necessary. Accordingly, the clerks made no effort to change 
PLANNING AND PRELIMINARY OPERATIONS 11 

Table 1. Contents of Initial Mail-Out Packages 

Report Instruction Cover 

form sheet letter 

Total 

77-A 1 (A)-T2 77-A10-T2 77-(L 1)-T2 

77-A 1 (B)-T2 77-A11-T2 77-(L 1)-T2 

77-A 1 (C)-T2 77-A12-T2 77-(L 1)-T2 

77-A 1 (D)-T2 77-A 13-T2 77-(L 1 )-T2 

77-A1(E)-T2 77-A 14-T2 77-(L1)-T2 

Table 2. July Content Test Response After 6 Weeks 

Total Receipts Percent 

Form mailed response 

Total ..... 8,701 4,196 48.2 

77-A 1 (AI-T2 ... 1,746 841 48.2 

77-A 1 (91-T2 ... 1,720 815 47.4 

77-AHCI-T2 ... 1,746 840 48.1 

77-A 1 (DI-T2 ... 1,745 851 48.8 

77-AHEI-T2 ... 1,744 849 48.7 

apparently' erroneous data, although such mistakes as multiple 

entries for an item were corrected by adding the entries together 

and entering the single sum. Upon completion of the clerical 

edit, the forms were sent to the data-entry unit, where each 

response was keyed to magnetic tape. 

After data entry, the data tape and the report forms from the 

cluster sample were sent to Suitland. The cluster-sample forms 

were analyzed, i.e., comments read, etc., while the data tape 

was used in the preparation of analytical tabulations. 

Analysis and results-There was no significant difference in the 

response rates achieved for the various test versions of the 

report form, as already noted, or among the various kinds of 

mail out envelopes used. With respect to the general characteristics of the report forms, it was found that skip patterns were 

more frequently used cc;>rrectly on the "B", "C", and "E" 

versions. Field interviews also revealed that about half of the 

respondents were able to complete their forms in 30 minutes or 

Outgoing 

envelope 

White BC-354 

or manila 

BC-491 

White BC-354 

or manila 

BC-2016 

White BC-354 

or manila 

BC-2016 

White BC-441 

or manila 

BCA91 

White BC-441 

or manila 

BC-2016 

Return 

envelope 

BC-354 

or 

BC-213 

BC-354 

or 

BC-76 

BC-354 

or 

BC-76 

BC-1266 

or 

BC-213 

BC-354 

or 

BC-76 

Number 

mailed 

8,701 

1,746 

1,720 

1,746 

1,745 

1,744 

less, while the overall average time was approximately 37 

minutes. Nonrespondents who were interviewed showed no 

great resistance to completing the report forms; their principal 

reasons for nonresponse were that they were too busy with 

farm work to complete the forms, or that they had set the 

forms aside and had forgotten them. This suggested that while 

the response rate for the test (approximately 50 percent with 

one followup) was not as high as anticipated, a publicity program and the normal followup operations would encourage a 

much higher rate of response. 

Analysis of the quality of response achieved for specific 

items indicated that some instructions on the forms and/or 

instruction sheets needed to be clarified. This was particularly 

evident in responses received for the items on "Acreage and 

Location in 1976," and "Location of Agricultural Operations." 

Respondents also experienced some confusion in reporting item 

codes for various crops, particularly on the "B" and "D" 

versions, in which the codes were listed in the instructions 

rather than on the report form. The irrigation item also proved 

troublesome, with almost half of the respondents in California 

and New Mexico (States with extensive irrigation) incorrectly 

reporting irrigated-land use. 

Among the sample items tested in the various versions the 

item on total value of land and buildings (section 21 of the 

"c" version) caused confusion to respondents as to whether 

assessed or current market value was being requested. Section 

20 of version "C", asking the value of direct sales to consumers, 

also posed problems; operators suggested that clarification of 

the term "consumer" was necessary. 

Comments from respondents-Aside from comments directed 

at problems found with specific items, respondents were 

generally gratified at the brevity of the test form as compared to 
12 PLANNING AND PRELIMINARY OPERATIONS 

the 1974 form. While there were the inevitable comments 

that the forms did not enable an operator to accurately report 

a particular type of agricultural operation or business arrangement, the overall attitude seemed to be that all of the versions 

tested were great improvements over the 1974 census report 

form. 

JANUARY 1978 CONTENT TEST 

Background Information 

The second phase of the report-form testing program involved 

mailing variations of the proposed final versions of the forms 

to a nationwide sample of farm operators. The adoption of a 

sample methodology for collecting some of the agricultural 

census data reflected the Bureau's concern for reducing respondent burden. While the first content test had been concerned 

with overall design and the reportability of specific items, the 

second test was to check that no problems were created by the 

changes made to the final sample and nonsample report forms. 

Two report forms had been used in the 1974 census-the A 1 

"long" form for farms with annual sales of $2,500 or more, and 

the A2 "short" form for farms with sales under $2,500. There 

was considerable variation in the data items requested on each 

form, although both included inquiries on basic acreage, inventory, and production data, and the A1 was over twice as long as 

the A2. For the 1978 census, the Bureau planned to use two 

forms as well. The 78-A1(N) ((N) for "nonsample") would 

request data that could not be obtained on a sample basis if 

county-level tabulations were to be produced, and would be 

mailed to approximately 75 percent of the addresses on the 

census list. The second form, the 78-A 1 (S) ((S) for "sample"). 

included an extra page of items, also required for countylevel tabulations. These items, however, could be asked on a 

sample basis. The A 1 (S) would be mailed to the remaining 25 

percent of the addresses on the census mail list. The principal 

objectives of the January 1978 test were to1. Verify the final wording and format of the 1978 census 

report forms 

2. Test the use of the" AG R ICENSUS USA" logo and a printed 

message on the outgoing envelope 

3. Determine if respondents would like to receive a file copy 

of their report form 

4. Determine if respondents would like to receive a preliminary 

census report for their county. 

Report Forms 

Two versions of the nonsample questionnaire, forms 

77.A1(N1)·T3 and 77·A1(N2)·T3, were used in the January 

test. These versions were identical in content: each requested 

data on acreage; major field crops; dry hay, grass silage, haylage, 

or green chop; fruit and nut trees and vines; vegetables; nursery 

and greenhouse products; berries; gross value of crops sold; 

land use; land irrigated; inventory and sales of cattle and calves; 

hogs and pigs, sheep or lambs, and other poultry, livestock, 

and animals; income from custom work and other services; 

whether any crops or other products were sold directly to 

individuals for human consumption; type of organization; 

characteristics of the operator; and whether any land enumerated was foreign-owned. Each of the forms was a 4-page 

10Y(' x 14" folder, printed in black and red ink on yellow 

stock; the only difference in the forms was that the uN 1" 

version was a left-hand fold, while the "N2" was a right-hand 

fold. 

The sample versions tested, the forms 77 A 1 (S1 )-T3 and 

77 A 1 (S2)-T3, were also identical in content, including all of 

the items from the nonsample forms. In addition there were 

sections requesting data on the use of commercial fertilizer or 

lime; use of chemicals (herbicides, pesticides, etc.); machinery 

and equipment; grain storage facilities; expenditures for energy; 

selected production expenses and estimated market value of 

land and buildings. Once again the forms were printed in black 

and red ink on yellow stock with 10Y(' x 14" pages. The "S1" 

was a 6·page folder with pages 4 and 5 on a single-column half 

(i.e., 5]1,." x 14") page; the "S2" was a 5-page stapled booklet 

with three separate sheets (the reverse of page 5 was left blank). 

Sample Selection 

A nationwide random sample of approximately 5,300 

addresses was selected for the test from the 1974 census in·scope 

list. This sample then was broken into four equal subsamples, 

with one of the four test versions of the sample/nonsample 

forms to be mailed to the addresses in each subsample. 

Mailout and Processing 

Adhesive address labels were prepared and shipped" together 

with report forms and other mailout materials, to Jeffersonville 

for the assembly of the mailing packages. Each package contained the appropriate report form, an information sheet giving 

instructions for completion, a cover letter (form 77·A 1 (L)·T3) 

explaining the reason for the test, and a form BC-2344 return 

envelope. Three different outgoing envelopes were used; a plain 

white form BC-477 window envelope; a BC-477 overprinted 

with the census logo and the message, "U.S. CENSUS BUREAU 

REPORT -Please complete and return within 20 days," and one 

overprinted with the logo and "THIS IS YOUR CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE REPORT FORM-Please complete and return 

within 20 days." 

Mailout was completed by January 30. No followup mailings 

were undertaken. 

After 4 weeks a response rate of 44.9 percent had been 

attained, comparing favorably with the July Content Test 

and the 1974 census. The report forms were returned to Jeffersonville, where they were batched into work units of approximately 100 each, by type of form, as they arrived. Clerical 

and computer processing for the report forms was essentially 

the same as was done for the July 1977 test; there was a minimal clerical edit prior to data entry, and the Bu reau produced 

analytical tables showing responses to each item by type of 

form. 

Results 

After 7 weeks, and without any follow-up work, 2,645 

completed forms had been received, indir.ating an overall 
PLANNING AND PRELIMINARY OPERATIONS 13 

response rate of 49.9 percent. Analysis of the test results showed 

that farmers had little preference between the two versions 

each of the nonsample and sample report forms, so the Bureau 

decided to use the A 1 (N 1) and A 1 (S1) versions for the census 

proper. Response rates for the nonsample forms were 3.9 

percent higher than those achieved for the sample forms. 

Results from the test indicated the use of the census logo and 

the printed message on the outgoing envelope had resulted in a 

3-percent higher response rate than was achieved with the plain 

envelope, but that there were no significant differences in 

the results obtained between the two messages tested on the 

envelopes. 

In general, respondents had little difficulty completing the 

report forms, although a few items still presented problems. One 

of these problem areas was section 21, which asked for data 

on foreign ownership of farm land. A number of inconsistent 

responses were received, as well as report forms on which no 

answer had been given, and it was decided that a lead-in question-"Was any of the land in this place held under FOREIGN 

OWNERSHIP or control in 1978?"-should be added. Changes 

were also made to section 22 on the sample report form, "Commercial Fertilizer," and the wording of the items was changed 

to asked for (1 ) "Acres of cropland (excluding cropland pastured) 

which were fertilized in 1978," (2) "acres of pastureland and 

rangeland fertilized in 1978," and (3) "LIME-tons of lime and 

acres on which applied (Do not i •• viude land plaster or gypsum 

or lime for sanitation.)." When the Bureau was informed thatthe 

Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service (ASCS) 

would be conducting a county-level survey of storage facilities 

in the principal grain-producing States, it was decided to delete 

section 25 of the sample items ("Grain Storage Facilities") 

to reduce unnecessary respondent burden. 

With respect to the item asking respondents if they wished 

to receive a file copy of the census form, approximately 52 

percent indicated that they would. Almost 65 percent of all 

respondents indicated that they would like to receive a report 

of census results for their county. It therefore was decided to 

include a file copy of the report form in each census mailing 

package and provide respondents with a report for their county 

on request after the data were tabulated. 
14 

INTRODUCTION 

After completing the pretests and initial planning operations, 

the Bureau began final preparations for the enumeration. This 

work can be broken into three main activities: (1) the compilation and unduplication of the census mailing list, (2) publicizing the census, and (3) printing and addressing the report 

forms for the initial mailout. 

The construction of the mail list for the 1978 census included not only the acquisition, compilation, and unduplication 

of lists of addresses from many sources, but also a major 

screening operation-the Farm and Ranch Identification Survey-designed to reduce the number of out-of-scope addresses 

on the mailing list. Concurrent with the mail list work, the 

Bureau was carrying out an extensive public information campaign to inform the farmers and ranchers it would be enumerating of the need for the census data, how and when it wou Id 

be collected, and why response was important. During the last 

12 months prior to the initial mailout, the Bureau completed 

final versions of the report forms and private contractors 

printed the forms and other materials and, in some cases, 

assembled the mailing packages. Later, when the final mailing list was complete, other contractors prepared the mailing 

address labels (under supervision of Bureau personnel to insure 

confidentiality of census-related information). In total, approximately 4.2 million packages for the initial census mailout were 

labeled and readied for posting. 

These operations are explained in greater detail below. 

ADDRESS LIST COMPILATION 

Introduction 

General information-The 1978 enumeration was the third 

agriculture census to be carried out primarily by mail. In any 

data-collection effort using such a technique, it is essential 

that the address list used is as accurate and complete as possible. It must not only cover all, or nearly all, of the agricultural 

operations from which data are needed, but contain as few 

duplicates as possible, since repeated requests for information 

increase respondent burden. 

Using administrative records from various sources, a preliminary address list was compiled and unduplicated by computer at the Bureau's headquarters in Suitland, Md., between 

Chapter 3. 

Preparatory 

Operations 

mid-March and mid-May 1978. Addresses on the resulting list 

identified with only one specified source or a combination of 

specified sources were selected for a Farm and Ranch Identification Survey, in order that their farm/nonfarm status could be 

confirmed one way or the other and the address list updated 

accordingly. (For details of this operation see p 20.) The 

results of this survey, and additions from administrative records that were not available until the late summer and early 

fall, were incorporated into the address list in a second compilation and record linkage process carried out between September and December 1978. 

General procedures-The principal operations involved in the 

assembly and linkage of the census address lists were as follows: 

1. Receipt of records from individual sources, assignment of 

unique identification numbers, and standardization of 

record format for computer processing. 

2. Matching of employer identification numbers (EIN's) for 

records having them, and deletion of duplicates. Matching 

of social security numbers (SSN's) for records having them, 

and clerical review and deletion of duplicates. 

3. Geographic coding (geocoding) for retained records. (Records checked for State and county codes, and accurate ZIP 

codes. Missing codes added to records.) 

4. For all geocoded records, a match of names and addresses 

within each ZIP code, and clerical review and deletion of 

duplicate records. 

5. Assignment of unique census file numbers (CFN's), final 

size codes, and source combination codes for each record. 

These procedures are described in greater detail below. 

Sources 

Names and addresses for the preliminary (spring) address 

list were obtained from a number of sources, most of which 

were updated versions of those used to assemble the 1974 

list, and were contained on about 200 computer tapes: 

Source 

Total 

1974 Census of Agriculture in-scope file .... 

~nternal Revenue Service 1040F and 1040C 

file (1976)1 .................. . 

Approximate number 

of add resses 

10,700,000 

2,000,000 

2,800,000 
PREPARATORY OPERATIONS 15 

Approximate number 

Source of addresses 

Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation 

Service (ASCS) file (containing records 

for persons or organizations associated 

with the farm crop programs administered 

by ASCS at the county level) . . . . . . . . 4,900,000 

Internal Revenue Service business master file 

(1120, 1120S, 1065,941,and943) 

(1976)1 .................. . 600,000 

1974 Census of Agriculture nonrespondents 400,000 

'IRS records used were for forms: 

1040F, Schedule of Farm Income and Expenses attached to form 

1040, Individual Income Tax Return. 

1040C, Profit (or Loss) from Business or Profession (coded SIC 

01,02, and 07 (Agriculture)), attachment to form 1040. 

1065, Partnership Return of Income 

1120/1120S, Corporation and Small Business Corporation Income 

Tax Return 

941/943, Employer's Annual Tax Return for Employees (941 

(coded SIC 01, 02, and 07 (Agriculture)) for nonagricultural 

workers, 943 for agricultural workers) 

After unduplication of the preliminary list, the Bureau 

selected approximately 4 million addresses for the Farm and 

Ranch Identification Survey. (For details of the unduplication 

(or linkage) procedures and the survey, see below.) The results 

of this survey, added to those addresses that were not included 

in the survey and supplemented by lists from sources that 

became available to the Bureau only in the summer or early 

fall of 1978, were used to compile the address list for final 

undupJication. The address universe at this time was as follows: 

Source 

Total .......... . 

Address file after spring record fin kage .. 

ASCS adds .................... . 

Internal Revenue Service 1040 F and 1040C 

file (1977) .................. . 

Internal Revenue Service business master file 

(1020, 1020S, 1065,941 and 943) (1977) 

Tenants and successors from the Farm and 

Ranch Identification Survey .. 

Multiunlts and special lists ..... 

Statistical Reporting Service (SRS)i 

Approximate number 

of addresses 

12,550,000 

6,000,000 

100,000 

2,600,000 

600,000 

1,000,000 

100,000 

2,150,000 

'The SRS fist was a compilation of add resses of persons or organizations that had some dealings with the U.S. Department of Agriculture's 

SRS. The portion available for use by the Bureau covered 27 States 

(SRS will ultimately compile and undupllcate a list for all 50 States), 

the list for only 7 of which had been subjected to any duplication checks. 

The Bureau therefore assumed a comparatively high degree of dupllcati.on in the list from this source. 

The procedures used in formatting and undupJicating the 

mail list after both the spring and fall compilations were virtually identical and are described below. 

Format and Standardization 

The purpose of the format and standardization program was 

to turn the individual records making up the address list into 

uniformly organized data records that could be linked by the 

Bureau's computer programs. Each computerized record was 

assigned a unique identification number (the source file number 

(SFN)), names and addresses were modified (including the 

supplying of standard State abbreviations), and each record 

was organized in a uniform layout. The principal phases of 

the format and standardization process were as follows: 

1. Edit. Commas, periods, and special symbols (@ and #) were 

removed, spaces were inserted between alphabetic and 

numeric characters (e.g., 123Main#201 became 123 Main 

201 ), and standard State abbreviations were added. 

2. Name control. The name control was used as part of the 

record linkage procedures and usually consisted of the first 

four characters of the surname. To create the name control, 

the computer read the primary name field of each record 

from right to left until a nonnumeric word of three or more 

characters was found. This word was matched against a 

dictionary of words to be ignored (Bros., Inc., Dairy, etc.), 

and if it did not appear on this "skip" list, the first three 

or four characters (if it had more than three) were used to 

set the name control and were inserted into the name control field of the record. (Name controls were not the same 

as the name recode, wh ich is discussed on p. 17.) 

3. Insert surname locator_ The surname locator was an indicator 

identifying the field position of the first letter of the last 

name within the record. (This was used in the name and 

address linkage to identify name parts for recoding.) If no 

name control existed for a record, the surname locator was 

set at zero. 

4. Extract numerics from address field_ Box numbers, rural 

route numbers, and street address numbers were identified 

in the address field and placed in separate record locations 

for use in name and address linkage. 

5. Assign possible partnership-corporation (ppe) flags_ Possible partnership-corporation records were identified and 

flagged. (It was important to do this since some members of 

partnerships might also have separate individual operations, 

in which case the name and social security number (SSN) 

unduplication would find a match and would delete a record 

that might, or might not, represent another farm. 

6. Assign large flags. "Large" flags were assigned to allow 

a manual review of possible duplicate cases that might 

represent large operations. (The definition of what constituted a "large" case varied from source to source: IRS 

1040F, 1040C, 1065, and 1120/1120S designated operations with sales of $200,000 or more as "large" cases, while 

IRS 941/943 lists required $40,000 or more in cash wages; 

census in-scope lists generally included minimum sales 

($200,000) or minimum acreage (2,000 to 10,000 acres, 

depending on which area of the country was involved).) 

The format and standardization program assigned size codes 

(derived from those sources that included such information in 

the original records), inserted an address priority code (see the 

sections on linkage below), and identified agricultural services 

records and places them in another file for separate processing. 

Records with ZIP codes for areas outside the 50 States and the 
16 PREPARATORY OPERATIONS 

District of Columbia were deleted from the file. (Puerto Rico, 

Guam, and the Virgin Islands were included in the 1978 census, 

but were enumerated by field interview; the other outlying 

areas, such as American Samoa and the Commonwealth of the 

Northern Mariana Islands, were enumerated for agricultural 

data as part of the 1980 Census of Population and Housing.) 

Finally, the following files were established: 

1. Agricultural services record (to be processed separately). 

2. Records with ZIP codes outside the 50 States and the District of Columbia (to be deleted). 

3. Trace sample (see p. 19.). 

4. Records with no employer identification number (EIN) or 

social security number (SSN). 

5. Records with EIN's or SSN's. 

6. "Short" records! with EIN's, with or without SSN's. 

7. "Short" records with SSN's only. 

8. "Short" post office name records for cases lacking EIN's 

or SSN's. 

9. Tally file (by size and geographic codes). 

10. Microfilm record of all serialized records. 

EIN Unduplication 

All records containing an EIN went into an EIN linkage 

process. The records were sorted by EIN, by PPC flag, name 

control, and address priority code. The priorities for the name 

and address and E IN (the same set of priority assignments 

applied to SSN's) for the spring and fall unduplication operations were as follows: 

Name and Address Priority 

Spring unduplication 

Priority: 

1. Multiunits 

2. IRS 1040F and 1040C 

3. IRS 1065 

4.IRS1120and1120S 

5. IRS 941 and 942 

6. Special lists 

7. 1974 Census of Agriculture 

in-scope list, respondents 

8. 1974 Census of Agriculture 

non respondents 

9. ASCS list 

Fall unduplication 

Priority : 

1. Multiunits and abnormals 

2. Farm and Ranch Identificat'ion Survey respondent 

list, in-scope and out-ofscope 

3. IRS1040Fand1040C 

(1977) 

4. Business Master File (1978) 

5. Nonscreening records * 

from spring survey (IRS 

1040F and 1040C, Business Master File, 1974 

census) 

6. Farm and Ranch Identification Survey non respond-

! "Short" records were the formatted complete records minus the 

names and addresses, Use of these shortened records saved computer time 

(and hence, money) in the sorting and linkage operations, After EIN and 

SSN linkage, the "short" records were matched to the complete records 

using the source file number (SFN). 

Spring unduplication 

Priority-Con. 

Fall unduplication 

Priority-Con. 

ents (from IRS 1040F and 

1040C, Business Master 

File, and 1974 Census of 

Agriculture records) 

7. Special lists 

8. SRS lists 

9. Nonscreening records * 

(sources other than in item 

5) 

10. Farm and Ranch Identification Survey nonrespondents (sources other 

than in item 6) 

11. Farm and Ranch Identification Survey postmaster returns (PMR's) 

*"Nonscreening'" means records not mailed to in the Farm and Ranch 

Identification Survey. 

After sorting, the records were read from the input file 

into two temporary storage areas (1 and 2) for matching, as 

diagrammed below. 

Sorted 

input , 

file EIN 

with 

SSN 

When it was determined that two records were duplicates 

(EIN's and name controls matched and neither a PPC) the 

record stored in "Record 2" (i.e., the record with lower priority assigned to its data sources) was deleted, its codes were 

transferred to "Record 1" and the next record was read from 

the input file into" Record 2" for a new comparison. Possible 

duplicates (EIN's matched but name controls did not, or one 

or both records were PPC's) were assigned a pair number that 

would tie them together so they could be displayed for clerical 

review. "Record l" was then read into the appropriate output 

file, "Record 2" was then moved into the vacated "Record 1" 

position, and the next record was read from the input file, to 

"Record 2'," to "Record 1 ," then to the appropriate output 

file. 

SSN Unduplication 

The "EIN with SSN" output file from the EIN unduplication was merged with the "SSN only" file and this combined 

file became the input for the SSN undupl ication procedure. 

The file was sorted by SSN, PPC flag, name control, and address 

priority code, and was submitted to a linking program that was 

in most respects the same as was used for the EIN unduplication 

procedure. The only significant changes in the procedures 
PREPARATORY OPERATIONS 17 

concerned the use of "dummy records" and a modification in 

the assignment of pair numbers for possible duplicate records. 

"Dummy records" were established for IRS 1040 records 

that contained two SSN's. (These SSN's were usually those 

of husbands and wives.) The dummy record contained the 

same information as the "master" record, except the SSN's 

were reversed. After unduplication was completed, the dummy 

records were matched back to their masters, any codes picked 

up during unduplication were transferred to the master, and the 

dummy records were dropped. 

Pair number assignment differed from the procedure used in 

EIN linkage in that there could be a situation in which two 

records were possible SSN duplicates, and both records had 

already been assigned different pair numbers in EIN linkage. 

In such a case, the original numbers were retained and a collision pair number was inserted into both records to identify 

the possible SSN duplication. This combined the records of two 

different possible duplicate sets, which could be reviewed as 

a single set. 

Name and Address Unduplication 

General-The third phase of the unduplication of the source 

lists, in both the spring and fall operations, matched names 

and addresses. All of the records not deleted from the I ist in 

the EIN/SSN phases of the operation passed through the name 

and address linkage, which, essentially, used a modified 

Soundex2 system similar to the one employed in processing 

the 1974 I ist, to sequence and match names and addresses. 

Modifications were made to the 1974 system to improve its 

performance with regard to (1) identification of name parts, 

(2) linkage using first and middle initials, and (3) use of numeric 

address characters. The general sequence of the name and 

address unduplication procedure in both the spring and fall 

operations was as follows: (1) geocoding, (2) name recode, 

and (3) sort, linkage, and identification of duplicates. 

Geocoding-Before any linkage of the files by name and address 

was possible, the files had to be geographically coded. The 

principal tool of the geocoding program was a geographic 

reference file containing a complete list of ZIP codes for the 

50 States, with correct and variant post office names and 

county and State codes for each ZIP code. Once the address 

files (approximately 6.5 million records for the spring operation 

and 9.7 million for the fall) were merged and sorted by ZIP 

code, the geocoding process did the following: 

1. Verified ZIP codes, post office names, county and State 

codes. The ZIP code for each record was compared to the 

post office name given in the record, then against the geographic reference file. If the post office name was correct, 

but the ZIP code did not match the one in the reference 

file, a corrected ZIP code was inserted. The same procedure 

was appl ied to the other items verified: the item in disagree· 

ment with the other geographic information in each record 

was corrected by the program. 

2. Assigned missing ZIP codes or post office names by com2 The Soundex system is an Index of personal census records, for 

selected censuses, based on the sound of the surname rather than the 

spelling. I n a Soundex file, records for "Smith," "Smythe," etc., would 

be Indexed together to facilitate checking veriant spelllnQs of a name. 

paring available information to the geographic reference 

file. 

3. Standardized specified post office names within ZIP codes. 

4. Assigned census State and county codes, county abbreviations, and telephone area codes to each record, after verification. 

Once the geographic items for each record in the file was 

verified, the file was ready to be sorted and sequenced (i.e., 

placed in numeric order) by ZIP code, then sorted by name 

control. In processing the returns from the Farm and Ranch 

Identification Survey, the Bureau had discovered a number of 

duplicate records with differing ZIP codes. The problem generally occurred in urbanized areas, and this led to the creation 

of a system of ZIP groups in the fall unduplication. In most 

instances, each ZIP group contained all of the individual records 

with a single ZIP code, but for certain urban areas served by 

multiple ZIP codes, the ZIP group included all the records for 

the area and was identified as a group by the lowest ZIP code 

serving the area. It was hoped that grouping these records 

would make discovery of duplicates with varying local ZIP 

codes more certain. 

Name and address recode-Prior to recoding the names and 

address on each record, it was necessary to identify the parts 

of the name in the first and second name fields of the records. 

As an aid in this procedure, a dictionary of common words to 

be skipped (i.e., words such as "Farm," "Inc.," "Bros.," etc.! 

was compiled and used as a reference by the computer program. 

In the recode, each character string (i.e., each single letter, or 

group of letters, within a specific data field in the computer 

record) in the name fields was processed and "skip words" were 

deleted, The character strings then were classified as either a 

surname, single letter, nickname or "other," or as a conjunction, 

and were given a number code, as follows: 

Character string type 

Nickname 

Single letter ......... . 

Surname ... . 

Conjunction .................... . 

All others ....... . 

Code 

2 

3 

4 

1 

The resulting codes, in the same order as encountered from 

left to right as the record was read, became the pattern number. 

Each word or letter was then identified, according to the pattern number, as a first name, middle initial, or last name. There 

were 103 possible patterns used for name-part identification. 

Only 0.7 percent of the input records were rejected by the program because of unacceptable pattern arrangements. 

Some examples of acceptable and nonacceptable patterns 

are as follows: 

. Name string 

John A Doe 

Mrs Mary Smith 

Ben Hill TUrpentine Co. 

ABC Farms Inc. 

Cattle Feeders Inc. 

Pattern 

123 

13 ("Mrs." on skip list) 

13 ("Turpentine" and 

"Co." on skip list) 

222 ("Farms" and "Inc," 

on skip list) 

None (all words skipped) 

Status 

Acceptable 

Acceptable 

Acceptable 

Unacceptable 

Unacceptable 
18 PREPARATORY OPERATIONS 

Once the name parts were identified, the records were 

processed through the name recode to produce four-character 

alphabetic codes for each name. The recording retained the 

initial letter of each name, the second of all double consonants, 

and deleted all vowels (including Y). The program then leftjustified the name, and deleted any characters that extended 

beyond the four-character data cell available for the name. 

For example, the name DILLINGER would be recoded by 

deleting the second L and all the vowels reducing the name to 

D _L_NG_R. Moving and truncating resulted in the deletion of 

the R and the coding of Dillinger as DLNG. Nicknames (Bill, 

Dick, Becky, etc.) had the proper names (William, Richard, 

Rebecca) recorded instead so that the versions of a name used 

in the different source lists were standardized. (Shortened 

versions of names, such as Ed, Geo., and Wm., were recoded as 

proper names (Edward, George, William) as well.) 

When multiple name 'patterns were encountered, additional 

output records (dummy records) were created. Multiple names 

were identified as following conjunctions (words matching a 

conjunction dictionary list) such as "&," "and," "or," etc. 

Dummy records were created for wife names (if other than 

source IRS 1040F and 1040C), names in the second name field, 

and partnership names. If the character following the middle 

names was a conjunction, and the name pattern was (for example) "John Jones & Frank Small" (pattern No. 22-11413), 

then three names were recoded: John Jones Small, John Jones, 

and Frank Small. If the character following the middle name 

was a conjunction, and the new pattern was "Jones Kelly & 

Smith (pattern No. 21 -1143) ," then three names were recoded: 

Jones, Kelly, and Smith. This was an attempt to identify partnerships that could change name order in different source file 

records. 

Sort, linkage, and unduplication-After recoding the master 

and dummy records, the next step was to sort them so as to 

facilitate the comparison of adjoining records. Prior to this 

sort, each record was assigned a ZIP serial number (ZSN) 

consisting of the record's ZIP code plus a five-digit serial number within the ZIP code (e.g., 55555-00001). Dummy records 

carried the ZSN of their master records. Once the ZSN's had 

been assigned, the file was sorted, each ZIP group being sorted 

successively by last name recode, first initial, PPC flag, dummy 

record flag, box number, route number, first name recode, and 

source priority code. The linkage program then compared 

records with the same ZIP code, recoded last name, and first 

initial. Records that had only a last name with no first initial 

or name were compared to all records with that last name in 

the ZIP group containing the record. 

This comparison, or match, operation produced the following files: 

1. Dupl icates. Records that matched both name and address 

information. 

2. Possible dupl icates. Records that matched on first or last 

name but did not match address information, and records 

that had match ing last names and addresses but had only 

first initials. 

3. Nonduplicates. Records that did not match on last name 

recode, or that had matching last name recodes but differing 

first names or initials. 

Duplicate records were deleted by the computer after the 

data from the record with lowest address priority has been 

transferred to the record with the higher priority. When possible duplicates were identified, a pair number was aSSigned 

and no data were transferred. All possible duplicate records 

were sorted by pair number and displayed for clerical review. 

Clerks compared the linked pairs of records, determined whether there was in fact a match, and, if so, which record(s) to 

delete from the file. Nonduplicate records were retained in the 

file. The records processed in the name and address phase of 

the spring and fall unduplications were as follows: 

Process step 

I nput to name and address 

unduplication ....... . 

Unable to process ....... . 

Deleted by computer ..... . 

Clerical review from name 

and address phase .•..... 

Clerical deletes ........ . 

Out<lf-scope, PMR, and 

ASCS deletes ........ . 

Final file ........... . 

Spring unduplication, No. of 

records 

6,433,193 

44,419 

216,863 

979,077 

277 ,347 

NA 

25,921,600 

Fall unduplication, No. of 

records 

9,680,872 

'429,245 

1,619,052 

2,119,004 

649,336 

2,325,829 

24,240,733 

1 These records required special processing and were part of the 

supplemental mailings made in February 1979. 

2The counts are not balanced because SRS lists available to the 

Bureau only for fall unduplication were more extensive than were available for the spring operation. 

Controls 

General information-During both the spring and fall unduplication processes, a system of checks and controls was imposed 

on the address file as it moved through the various phases of 

the operations. These included the establishment of records 

of changes in the file, such as the source-file microfilm and the 

control counts, as well as samples of addresses from the file 

used to test the procedures. The specific measures taken are 

described below. 

ZIP-code sample for testing-Prior to the actual production 

runs for the unduplication phase of the address list compilation 

a sample of the records in the input file was selected to test 

each phase of the computer programs and procedures. Chosen 

on the basis of the first three digits of their ZIP code, all the 

records for each source file for specified areas within various 

States became part of the sample. Once these test samples had 

been processed and any problems the tests revealed had been 

corrected, final tests were carried out using parts of the "live" 

production file. All test runs were subjected to detailed reviews, 

and corrections to the program specifications and/or procedures 

were made as needed. 

Source-file microfilm and audit trail-The source-file microfilm 

and the audit trail were general reference tools. The f0rmer was 
PREPARATORY OPERATIONS 19 

a microfilm listing of all records received as part of the address 

list compilation for both the spring and fall operations, some 18 

million in all, and was sorted and arranged by source file number. After all the relevant data on each record had been received 

from the various sources, the resultant files were merged, sorted, 

and microfilmed. 

The audit trail was a microfilmed record of each case dropped (sorted by source file number) and of the case to which 

the deleted record had been matched. 

Trace sample-The trace sample was selected by flagging every 

1,000th record during the formatting and standardization phase 

of the fall compilation operation. As the records were selected, 

they were displayed and reviewed by the research staff at each 

processing step. Thereafter, the sample was used as a qualitycontrol tool for following the progress of the records as they 

went through the various phases of the processing cycle. The 

display and review of the records proved especially useful as it 

enabled reviewers to discover various processing errors. For 

example, the formatting program had been assigning incorrect 

ZIP codes to records. The early detection of this problem permitted its correction before it had progressed so far as to require 

extensive reprocessing. 

The trace sample was also available for other research projects concerned with the processing of the address file. 

Control counts-During each production run of the address list 

processing, the computer generated control counts of records in 

the file and of all deletions for each phase of the unduplication. 

These provided numerical checkpoints at each phase of the 

processing. 

Census File Numbers 

As part of the final preparations of the address lists used in 

the spring Farm and Ranch Identification Survey and the census 

mailing itself, a unique identification number, the census file 

number (CFN), was assigned to each address. The CFN was 

composed of 11 digits (counting the check digit) arranged in 

two groups. The first five digits were the State and county 

codes for the operation to be enumerated, while the second 

six digits consisted of a five-digit serial number identifying each 

operation within each county, and a check digit. The serial 

numbers for each State-code area were assigned beginning with 

00001 and continuing in sequence (00001,00002,00003, etc.). 

It was felt that the five-digit system, permitting specific identification for up to 99,999 farms, provided more than adequate 

space for any additions to the list for a given county made 

after the census was underway. The check digit provided a 

mathematical check for quality control during the data keying 

of the returns. (See ch. 4, p. 46, for details.) 

Must and Certainty Cases 

Following the fall record linkage, the final mailing list was 

subjected to a computer procedure that selected "must" and 

"certainty" cases. Using lists of multiunits and size codes from 

the 1974 census farm list, and other size indicators on the mail 

file, the computer program identified as "must" cases those 

operations the Bureau believed (1) were so large that some 

data must be obtained in all cases, rather than imputed in 

cases of nonresponse to the mailout, (2) an explanation of why 

the addressee was not engaged in agricultural operations was 

needed, or (3) a special analyst's review of the census return 

had to be made. 

Records for the following operations were selected: 

1. Multiunits. Multiunits were companies or organizations that 

had substantial agricultural or agriculture-related operations 

at more than one location. In general, two or more report 

forms were required for each such organization since each 

establishment was considered a separate operation. 3 

2. Abnormal farms. Abnormal farms were farms operated by 

institutions, such as State agricultural research establishments, Indian reservations, etc. 

3. Other records. The TVP's required for inclusion as either a 

"must" or the generally smaller (in TVP) "certainty" group 

varied among the States. The minimum criterion for assignment as a "must" case in Cal ifornia and Iowa was an expected TVP of $500,000 or more; in the New England States, 

Alaska, and Hawaii, the minimum was $100,000; while for 

the remaining States the minimum TVP was $200,000. 

The "certainty" stratum contained all addresses on the small 

I ist that were expected to meet specified size criteria in terms 

of indicated acreage and/or total value of annual sales. These 

criteria differed from State to State, depending on local conditions. The minimum indicated acreage ranged from 1,000 to 

5,000 acres, while the minimum sales (based on historic or 

mail-list source data) varied from $40,000 to $200,000. Further, all addresses in counties that had fewer than 100 farms 

enumerated in the 1974 census were included. 

Mail List Sampling 

In order to reduce overall respondent burden, all the records 

in the mailing file were split into two groups, a "sample file" of 

approximately 1 million addresses, and a "nonsample file" containing the remaining 3.2 million addresses. The addresses in the 

sample file would be mailed the sample form 78-A 1 (S), the 

"long" form, while the nonsample addresses were to receive 

3Separ~te mall flies were maintained for each master (company or 

organization) and each associated establishment. Multlunits identified 

before the initial census mailing had multiunit Identification numbers 

assigned In the alpha/plant field of the mailing label that Indicated 

whether the report form was for the master or an associated establIshment. The numeric "alpha" code.ldentifylng the company was six digits 

In the alpha field of each of the various establishment's records. The 

"plant" code was a 4-dlglt establishment identifier. The master record 

for a multiunit would have the company Identifier in the alpha field 

with four zeros in the plant field, while each associated establishmen~ 

had an Identifying number in the plant field as well as the company 

Identifier in the alpha field. Each report form for a master or an associated establishment was assigned a unique serial number, the associated 

establishments being assigned numbers in immediate sequence following 

the master. 
20 PREPARATORY OPERATIONS 

the form 78-Al (N). (See app. G for facsimiles.) Aside from the 

shading used on the two forms (green on the Al (S), yellow on 

the Al (N)). the Al (S) differed from the Al (N) in that it 

included a number of additional data items. All "must" and 

"certainty" cases were part of the sample file. 

The sampling of the "noncertainty" cases was done on a 

county-by-county basis, the sampling rate determined by the 

expected number of farms in the county involved. In counties 

with 100 to 199 farms counted in the 1974 census, one out of 

every two addresses on the mailing list was selected for the 

sample, while counties with 200 farms or more in 1974 were 

sampled at a rate of one in every five addresses. Taken together, 

the certainty stratum (including the must cases) and the sampling of the noncertainty strata yielded an initial sample that 

included about 26 percent of all the addresses on the Bureau's 

census mailing list. This was considered a sufficiently large 

sample to provide rei iable county-level estimates for the sample 

data items included on the Al (S). 

FARM AND RANCH IDENTI FICATION 

SURVEY 

Introduction 

The name and address file for the 1978 Census of Agriculture 

was compiled using lists from a variety of sources. In most 

instances, the addresses on the lists represented individuals or 

places that had some association with agricultural production 

that qual ified them for inclusion in the program or activity of 

the agency compiling the list. Naturally, none of these source 

lists was, by itself, a complete list of agricultural operations in 

the United States, but by combining them and deleting duplicate addresses, the Bureau tried to compile as nearly complete 

a I ist as possible. 

Since the purpose of the various agencies in assembling these 

individual source lists vary from monitoring and assisting 

production of a specific commodity to collecting taxes, the type 

of name and address included on any individual list varies as 

well. The Bureau of the Census uses a specific definition of a 

farm for its own data-collection and publication program, 

hence many of the addresses on the source lists supplied by 

other agencies did not meet that definition, and some method 

of deleting from the file those addresses that did not represent 

agricultural operations was necessary. 

The Farm and Ranch Identification Survey enabled the 

Bureau to improve the coverage (completeness) of the 1978 

census while, at the same time, keeping the size of the census 

mailing at an acceptable level. To improve coverage, additional 

lists were included in the original mail file. For example, for the 

1974 census, only selected records from the ASCS list were 

used to develop the census mailing list. In 1978, the 4.9 million 

addresses in the ASCS file were added to the census file. These 

additions to the mail file naturally included a significant proportion of cases whose status as farms was uncertain and the 

Bureau decided to carry out a mail survey to identify those 

cases that did not represent agricultural operations. Addresses 

identified as out-of-scope could then be deleted from the final 

list. 

In addition, the survey could be used to identify successors 

to persons who had discontinued farm operations, as well as 

tenant operators who were not on the list. It would also furnish 

updated size information for farm operators. 

Spring Farm and Ranch Identification Survey 

Test 

Background information-The Farm and Ranch Identification 

Survey was scheduled for the spring and early summer of 1978, 

several months prior to the finalizing of the census address list. 

From the beginning it was realized that, to be effective and at 

the same time realize significant economies with respect to 

reducing the census mail ings, the survey would need to atta in 

a high rate of response with minimum followup. Furthermore, 

necessary processing would have to be kept to a minimum. The 

basic requirement for the survey questionnaire, then, was 

that it request the minimum information necessary to decide 

whether or not the name and address represented an agricultural 

operation. 

Work on the design of the identification survey report form 

began late in 1976, with an initial survey form-content test 

scheduled for the spring of 1977. 

The test report forms-Two versions of the identification survey form were produced in January 1977. Form 77-A4(A)-

Tl, "1977 Farm and Ranch Identification Survey/' was considered the basic survey form design and was an 8" x lOW' 

single sheet of blue stock with black printing and shading. 

The form was divided into six data-inquiry items, a remarks 

section (part of item 6) and a request for the name, address, 

and telephone number of the person preparing the form. Data 

were requested on (1) acreage owned, and acres rented or leased 

to or from others; (2) names and addresses of tenants and acres 

rented to each; (3) agricultural items expected to be produced 

in 1977; (4) estimated value of products sold in 1976, and 

expected sales for 1977 (check-off boxes of approximate values 

of sales were included); (5) county and State in which the largest value of products were produced in 1977; and (6) an explanation if there were no agricultural operations in 1977. 

Form 77-A4(B)-Tl, "1977 Farm and Ranch Identification 

Survey," was a shortened and simplified variant of the A4(A), 

printed in black ink on a 5Y-." x 8" blue card. Item 1 asked 

only how many acres were owned and how many were rented 

or leased from others, while item 4 asked the respondent to 

write in the estimated values of sales for 1976 and expected 

sales for 1977. Item 6 requested the respondent to report the 

expected use of the land, if it was not to be used for agriculture 

in 1977. There was no space for remarks. 

The test sample-A stratified sample of 7,783 records was 

selected for the test from the 1974 Census of Agriculture 

address file and split into two samples, a national sample with 

5,808 records and a cluster sample of 1,975 records. The national sample was drawn from 1974 files of in-scope and out-ofscope respondents and specified non respondents. The sample 

was stratified by type and size of farm, excluding farms with 
PREPARATORY OPERATIONS 21 

1974 total value of production of $500,000 or more. For cashgrain and livestock and dairy farms, a 1-in-500 sample was 

selected, while all other farms were sampled at a 1-in-250 rate. 

The cluster sample was drawn from the 1974 in-scope, out-ofscope, and non respondent records for the following counties: 

Winnebago, III. 

Allegan, Mich. 

Chautauqua, N.Y. 

Sampson, N.C. 

Worth, Ga. 

Canyon, Idaho 

Fresno, Calif. 

Dona Ana, N. Mex. 

Smith, Miss. 

The random selection from the cluster sample resulted in a 

file of approximately 200 addresses for each county. The clustering was designed to facilitate carrying out personal interviews 

with adequate coverage at minimum expense, but ultimately 

no personal interviews were done and the cluster sample addresses were treated as part of the general mailing. 

Mailout and followup-Initial mailout of the test forms was 

done from Jeffersonville, Ind. on March 25, 1977. The national and cluster samples were evenly divided for the mailing, 

3,892 addresses being sent form 77 -A4(A)-T1, and 3,891 being 

sent form 74-A4(B)-T1. The mailing package for each address 

contained a transmittal letter that explained the reason for the 

survey and requested prompt response, as well as a return 

envelope. 

A followup mailing was made on April 22, when 1,778 

A4(A) forms and 1,699 A4(B) cards were sent to nonrespondents; 140 postmaster returns (PMR's) were also remailed.This 

mailing was the only data-collection effort made after the initial 

mailout. Final receipts were closed out on May 17. 

Response and processing-Response to the test was generally 

very good, particularly with only one followup mailing. A total 

of 2,918 A4(A) forms and PM R's were received, representing 

75 percent of the original mailout. Response to the shorter 

A4(B) card was even better, 3,075, or 79 percent. 

The forms were received at the Bureau's Jeffersonville 

facility, where they were checked in and responses to individual 

items were tallied to determine whether respondents would be 

able (or willing) to provide the information requested. The tallies and studies indicated that respondents would be able to 

furnish the sort of information desired. Overall response to the 

A4(A) form, while not as high as that for the A4(B), had been 

very good, and there had been no difficulty in obtaining the 

somewhat more detailed information it requested. Inasmuch as 

this greater detail permitted easier and more thorough identification of agricultural operations, the Bureau adopted the A4(A) 

form's general design for a further test in the fall of 1977. 

The Fall Mail List Update Test 

Background information-The Mail List Update Test was a 

much smaller operation than the spring test and was intended 

primarily to recheck response to the items on the A4 report 

form. The report form, 77-A4-T2, "1977 Mail List Update," 

was a modified version of the 77-A4(A)-T1. The format of item 

1 was changed and item 2 provided space for names and addresses of persons from whom land was rented, while item 3 

requested the same information for tenants. Item 5 of the T2 

form was the equivalent of item 4 on the T1, and asked only 

for an estimate of the value of agricultural products expected 

to be sold in 1977. Item 5 (county and State location) from the 

T1 was dropped, while item 6 was added, asking if "this place 

operated under any name other than the one shown in the 

address label." The wording of the respondent identification 

item was changed from "Name and address of person preparing 

this report" to "Person to contact regarding this report." The 

A4-T2 was an 8x10Y:,-inch sheet of buff stock, with printing 

and shading in black ink on both sides. 

Mailout and response-The mail list for the fall test was constructed using the 1974 census in-scope and out-of-scope respondent lists. A random sample of 2,541 addresses was selected, and address labels were prepared. On October 18, 1977, 

packages containing the report form, a cover letter explaining 

the reason for the test, and the return envelope, were mailed 

to the sample addresses. There was no followup. 

Response to the fall test was comparable to that of the spring 

test. After 28 days, a response rate of 57.1 percent (including 

PM R's) had been achieved, about 3 percentage points ahead of 

that attained after a comparable time in the spring test. 

Processing and analysis-Report forms were checked in manually in Jeffersonville and sent to Suitland for tallying of responses to individual items, evaluation of test results, and 

comparison with earlier test results. 

The analysis of completed A4-T2 forms indicated that, as 

a general rule, the format employed was adequate for the collection of sufficient information to correctly classify a respondent 

with respect to his or her status as an agricultural producer. 

However, a number of specific changes in the report form were 

recommended. These were1. Revise the form to dissuade landlords from reporting products grown or sales made by tenants or sharecroppers. 

2. Advise respondents apparently having all agricultural land 

rented out to explain the use of any remaining land. 

3. Change the wording of the A4-T2 item 7 to make it clear 

to respondents that they needed to indicate the reason why 

they were not engaging in agricultural activity in the subject 

year. 

4. Change the certification "Person to contact regarding th is 

report" back to "Person preparing this report." 

5. Restore the "Remarks" section. 

6. Change the title of the form back to "Farm and Ranch 

Identification Survey." 

The Farm and Ranch Identification Survey report form-The 

final version of the form 78-A4. "1978 Farm and Ranch Identification Survey," was a modification of the A4-T2 form used 

in the fall mail list update test. The format was generally simplified and the A4-T2 item 2 (concerned with the names and 

addresses of persons from whom land was rented) was deleted. 

There were minor changes in the wording of some items to con-
22 PREPARATORY OPERATIONS 

form with the recommendations made after the analysis of 

responses to the mail I ist update test, but the original A4-T2 

format was considered generally satisfactory. 

Development of Farm and Ranch Identification 

Survey Mail File 

A preliminary mail address file for the 1978 Census of Agriculture was compiled in the spring of 1978. This initial effort 

drew on most of the sources that would be used for the final 

file, including the Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation 

Service (ASCS) list, 1976 Internal Revenue Service (I RS) form 

1040F and 1040C files, the Business Master File (BMF) of 

addresses reporting agricultural employees, and lists of agricultural partnerships and corporations, as well as the in-scope 

and nonrespondent lists from the 1974 Census of Agriculture. 

After completion of the clerical and computer unduplication 

program (see the section on "Address List Compilation," 

pp. 14-20, for details of the compilation and unduplication procedures), the resulting file contained 5,921,600 names and 

addresses. 

The primary purpose of the identification survey was to 

eliminate from the census mailing those addresses that" did not 

represent agricultural production. Addresses on the preliminary 

list that were found on only one source list, or on two or more 

lists that in the 1974 census had comparatively high proportions 

of addresses not meeting the Bureau's farm definition, were to 

be selected for the survey. Accordingly, a computer selection 

of the address file was made, and addresses with source codes 

from the selected sources were assembled as the survey list. 

The sources, and the numbers of addresses drawn from each 

were as follows: 

Source Number of 

addresses selected -------.--------.---.-.~----------------

Total, 

ASCS only , ......... ' , , , . 

IRS form 1040 only, , . , ........... . 

1974 nonresponse only; 1974 nonresponse/ 

ASCS combined ............... . 

1974 in-scope only; 1974 in-scope/ASCS ... . 

IRS forrn 1040/ASCS ... , ...... . 

BMF only. . .................. . 

IRS form 1040/1974 nonresponse/ASCS 

combined . 

4,080,737 

2,215,963 

553,584 

122,285 

417,463 

508,714 

131,998 

130,730 

After selection of the addresses for the survey was completed 

in April and May 1978, computer tapes were prepared for use 

in the production of address labels and preparations for the 

mailout of the report forms from Jeffersonville was begun. 

Mailout and Followup 

Preparation and initial mailout-The mail file for the identification survey, over 4 million records, was split into four groups 

to facil itate handl ing and processing. Allocation of records to 

each group was determined on the basis of the source list (or 

combinations of source lists) from which a given record was 

drawn and the State in which the address was located. Records 

were grouped by source list as follows: 

Groups 1-3 

ASCS only 

IRS 1040 file only 

BMF only 

1974 In-scope only 

1974 non respondent only 

1974 in-scope/ ASCS combined 

1974 nonrespondent/ ASCS combined 

Group 4 

IRS 1040 flle/ ASCS combined 

1974 nonrespondentll RS 1040 file/ 

ASCS combined 

While group 4 contained addresses from all the States except 

Hawaii, groups 1-3 included records for States as listed below: 

Group 1: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, 

Massachusetts, Mississippi, Nevada, New Hampshire, 

New Mexico, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Utah, 

Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia 

Group 2: Alaska, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, 

Hawaii, Idaho, New Jersey, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas, 

Washington, Wyoming 

Group 3: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, 

Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New York, North 

Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Wisconsin 

The Bureau prepared computer tapes containing the address 

list, by group, for the label contractor to use to produce barcoded address labels in ZIP-code sequence. Bureau employees 

supervised the use of these tapes to ensure compl iance with 

the confidentiality provisions of the census law. 

The mailing packages were assembled, labeled, and mailed 

from Jeffersonville on a flow basis, as the labels were produced 

and delivered. Each package consisted of a 78-A4 report form 

with a bar-coded address label attached, a form 78-A4(L 1) 

transmittal letter explaining the purpose of the survey and 

requesting prompt response, and a form BC-1266 return envelope overprinted "AG-SS." These materials were inserted in a 

form 78-A5 outgoing window envelope, and the bar-coded 

address label was applied through the window. All of the packages were sent by first-class mail, by groups, as follows: 

Group 

Total. ... . 

Group 1 .. . 

Group 2 .. . 

Group 3 .. . 

Group 4 .. . 

Begun 

5/03/78 

5/03/78 

5/11/78 

5/18/78 

5/28/78 

Completed 

5/31/78 

5/11/78 

5/18/78 

5/24/78 

5/31/78 

Number 

mailed 

4,080,737 

954,901 

1,178,643 

1,310,470 

636,723 

Followup mailings-No telephone followup of the identification 

survey nonrespondents was conducted, but there were four 

followup mailings. The first of these was begun a week after 

the last of the initial mailing was completed, and all were done 

on a flow basis, beginning with group 1 addresses, and working 

through to those of group 4. The mailing packages for the 
PREPARATORY OPERATIONS 23 

followups were identical to those of the initial mailing except 

for the transmittal letter (form 78-A4(L2) letters were used 

in the first followupl. which was different for each followup. 

Mail ing label codes showed the status of each case as nonrespondent or PM R (postmaster return). 

The cutoff for the first followup was approximately 4 weeks 

after the last of the initial mailing for each group. A new computer tape of nonrespondent names and addresses for each 

group was prepared and used to produce address labels. All 

mailing packages were assembled, labeled, and mailed from 

Jeffersonville. 

The second followup began approximately 3 weeks after the 

first followup mailing for each group. Once again, packages 

were identical to earlier mailings, except that the A4(L3) trans· 

mittal letter was used; all preparation and mailing took place 

at Jeffersonville. Mailing was carried out as for the previous 

operations, but those for groups 1 and 2 were combined. 

The third followup differed from its predecessors in that a 

sample of nonrespondent addresses was drawn to test the use of 

a toll·free telephone information number. Approximately 4,000 

addresses were randomly selected from each of the three remaining groups. While the nonsample addresses received the 

A4(L4) letter requesting response, the 12,000 sample cases 

received the A4(L5), which included the toll·free number and 

urged respondents with questions to call for information. 

No more than a handful of such calls were received. 

The fourth, and last, followup mailing closely resembled 

the third. The mailing packages sent were identical to those 

sent earlier, except that the transmittal letters sent to each 

group, while not differing in content, were dated differently 

for each. The final mailing for the fourth followup occurred 

on August 26, 1978. The mailings for each group, for each 

followup, and for the survey as a whole were as follows: 

Begun Completed Total Group mailed 

Initial mailout 

Total. ... '" .. 5/03/78 5/31/78 4,080,737 

1st followup 

Total ........ 6/07/78 6/26/78 2,172,799 

Group 1 ...... 6/07/78 6/09/78 529,514 

Group 2 ...... 6/10/78 6/13/78 618,591 

Group 3 ...... 6/11/78 6/20/78 634,994 

Group 4 ...... 6/23/78 6/26/78 389,700 

2nd followup 

Total ........ 7/03/78 7/17/78 1,367,171 

Group 1 ...... } 7/03/78 7/06/78 715,877 Group 2 ...... 

Group 3 ...... 7/12/78 7/13/78 380,914 

Group 4 ...... 7/14/78 7/17/78 270,380 

3rd followup 

Total. ....... 7/22/78 8/05/78 1,068,875 

Group 1. .... '} 7/22/78 7/24/78 563,612 Group 2 ...... 

Group 3 ...... 8/01/78 8/01/78 291,660 

Group 4 ...... 8/05/78 8/05/78 213,603 

Group Begun Completed Total 

mailed 

4th followup 

Total. ....... 8/11/78 8/26/78 865,123 

Group 1. ..... } 8/11/78 8/12/78 450,345 Group 2 ...... 

Group 3 ...... 8/18/78 8/19/78 232,790 

Group 4 ...... 8/26/78 8/26/78 181,988 

Postmaster returns (PMR's)-New mailout packages to replace 

postmaster returns (pM R's) were prestuffed at Jeffersonville. 

The packages were identical to the initial mailing packages 

except that the outgoing envelopes were overprinted with 

"M2." PMR's with an ASCS-only source code were not remailed, while those with a name or address correction, or an 

indication that the addressee was deceased, were referred to 

the correspondence unit for remailing. Address labels bearing 

a check-in status code of 21 (for first-time PM R's without a 

name or address change, or deceased) were prepared for the 

remaining cases, 73,509 in all, and were attached through the 

windows of the outgoing envelopes. This first group of PMR's 

was mailed on June 26. (PMR totals are not included in the 

total followup mailings listed above.) 

A second group of first-time PMR's was treated in much the 

same fashion in the second followup, except the 78-A4(L3) 

letter was substituted for the A4(L 1) used for the earlier group. 

Report form packages were mailed to 22,743 addresses still 

listed as first-time PMR's on July 22. 

The last mailing to addresses listed as first-time PMR's was 

made on August 14, when 16,333 packages were mailed. The 

contents of the packages for the final mailing to first-time PMR 

cases was identical to those used in the third followup mailing. 

Second-time PMR's were referred to the correspondence unit. 

(Selected second-time PMR's were remailed on a flow basis by 

the correspondence unit.) 

Processing 

Receipt, batch and check-in-The report forms for the identification survey were returned to Jeffersonville for processing_ 

Upon receipt, the unopened mailing return packages were 

sorted into (1) PM R's, (2) all receipts in BC-1266 return envelopes, (3) replies to census-originated correspondence (overprinted "AGCO R-SS"), and (4) other mail. The packages, 

except those for PM R's, were then opened and, with in each 

of the initial sort groups, were sorted again in three mail categories; (1) receipts with barcoded census file numbers (CFN'sl. 

(2) those with CFN's but no barcodes, and (3) receipts without 

CFN's. 

Receipts without CFN's were sent to the CFN research unit, 

while barcoded receipts were sent to batch for bar~ode check-in; 

those without barcodes were batched and routed for check-in 

keying. Receipts (including correspondence) without barcodes 
24 PREPARATORY OPERATIONS 

were batched into work units, usually of approximately 250 

CFN's each, and form A402, "Check-In Work Unit Cover 

Sheet," was attached. The A402 carried the date, the number of 

CFN's in the work unit, and a check-in code for the work unit; 

the first digits of the codes were as follows: 

2 PMR 

3 Respondent-originated correspondence 

4 Form received 

The work units then were sent to check-in keying where the 

CFN and check-in code assigned to each form were recorded on 

a key-to-disk system, with an output on computer tape. The 

resultant file was transmitted to the Suitland computer facility 

via telephone datal ink for computer match ing to the address 

file. 

Report forms with barcoded CFN's were batched into work 

units of 500 or 1,000 each. A form A402 cover sheet was 

attached to each work unit, with the same information as was 

included for the nonbarcoded receipts, and the work units were 

sent for barcode scanning. The barcode scanner employed a 

laser device to "read" the barcoded CFN's printed on the 

address labels and transfer the numbers to computer tape. 

The use of the barcodes and scanner greatly accelerated checkin of the report forms. 

Clerical review-The primary purpose of the survey was to 

remove addresses with no agricultural operations from the 

census I ist, hence a review of the responses received was ultimately necessary. The clerical staff at Jeffersonville reviewed 

the data on in-scope forms and assigned "in-scope" or "out-ofscope" designations, or problem-referral codes: When the checkin report forms were received by the clerical unit, each was 

reviewed by a clerk, who scanned the entire form, including 

the remarks section. If the data from the report form indicated 

the address had agricu Itu ral operations, "I/S" was written in 

red ink in the upper right-hand corner of the face of the form. 

The reviewer checked to see if the form named a tenant or a 

successor (persons with no agricultural operations were asked 

to report successors); if the former, a "T" was written in the 

top margin of the form, while an ;'S" was written there if 

the response named a successor. Reviewers wrote "O/S" in the 

upper right-hand corner of receipts with no agricultural operations reported, while forms that represented problems of 

definition or identification (refusals; land, but no agricultural 

activity, reported; suspected agricultural services; inconsistent 

entries, etc.) were coded" R" (referral), that code being written 

in red ink just to the right of the address label on the face of 

the form. 

As the individual forms in each work unit were reviewed 

and coded, they were placed in code groups for further processing. When the work unit was completed, the groups of forms 

were sent on for the next processing step. These groups were 

as described in right-hand column. 

Technical review and microfilm search-The technical review 

unit was responsible for resolving problem cases referred to it by 

the clerical review unit, as well as processing "2+" reports (i.e., 

tINa or more reports received in the same envelope) and referCode group Destination 

"R" To technical review 

Report forms with "S," or 

"s" and "T" ("liS") . Sorted by State for microfilm search 

"T" only . Division sort, then microfilm search or to 

keying of data and tenant names 

"liS" ... Batch for data keying 

"O/S" (no tenants or 

successors) ........ Central files 

rals from the microfilm search unit. Reports received were 

reviewed in more detail than in the clerical unit and the responses were interpreted to determine a report form's status. 

Forms were coded "in scope" if the respondent reported any 

agricultural production, or that sale of agricultural products was 

expected in 1978. If review of the responses on a form indicated 

that the address represented an abnormal farm (i.e., one operated by an institution, Indian reservation, etc.) or an agricultural 

services operation, the form involved was referred to subjectarea specialists in Suitland. Following technical review, the 

coded I/S report forms were returned to the processing cycle. 

Report forms reporting sales of $100,000 or more, and those 

with selected types of names reported in item 5, were checked 

against the microfilm address lists to identify duplicate records. 

All successor names and addresses, and selected tenant names 

and addresses, were checked against the microfilm lists to determine if the tenant or successor was present on the mail file 

(because of the large number of cases involved, all tenant names 

were not researched). All tenant and successor cases that were 

researched on microfilm but were not located, along with the 

remaining tenant and successor cases, were keyed during data 

entry. These tenants and successors comprised a new source 

file, and were included in the census mailing list in the fall 

undupl ication. 

Data keying and computer processing-Report forms were 

batched into work units of 200-300 for keying of data and 

tenant and successor names and addresses, [,Ising the electronic 

key-to-disk-to-tape system at Jeffersonville. Once on disk, the 

data were automatically transferred to computer tape and were 

transmitted by data link to the main computer facility in 

Suitland where data tapes for use in the compilation and unduplication of the final census mailing list were prepared. 

Results 

Response to the survey -The 80.5-percent response rate 

achieved in the Farm and Ranch Identification Survey was 

considered very good o'Jerall, although it varied somewhat, 

depending on the list source for any given address. An 86.7-

percent response rate was achieved for addresses from the 1974 

census in-scope and the 1974 in-scope/ ASCS combined lists, 

while only 41.1 percent of the forms mailed to addresses from 

the combined 1974 nonresponse/1 040/ ASCS list el icited a 

response. The rates attained for the various source lists are 

shown as follows. 
PR EPARATORY OPERATIONS 25 

Source Mailed 

Total. ............................... 4,080,737 

ASCS only ............................ 2,215,963 

IRS 1040 only ........... , ... , ......... 553,584 

1974 non response only /1974 nonresponse-ASCS 

combined ............................. 122,285 

BMF only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131,998 

1974 in-scope only, 1974 in-scope-ASCS combined. 417,463 

IRS 1040·ASCS combined ................. 508,714 

1974 nonresponse IRS 1040-ASCS combined ..... 130,730 

Results-Of the 3 million report forms received, approximately 

1.9 million were classified as out of scope and were deleted 

from the final 1978 census mail ing list. Out-of-scope addresses 

included landlords not carrying on any agricultural activities, 

duplicate addresses, ex-owners, "no connection with agriculture," etc, Corrections to names and add resses, acreage, and 

size codes from the 1 million I/S report forms received were 

used to update the census mailing file. 

Following the fall name and address unduplication, the outof-scope records from the Farm and Ranch Identification Survey were dropped from the census mailing list, along with all 

postmaster returns and ASCS-only nonresponse cases. 

PUBLICITY 

General Information 

Public information programs are particularly important to 

mail censuses~ since respondents must willingly cooperate with 

the enumeration if data are to be collected quickly and efficiently. When plans were being drawn up for the publicity 

campaign for the 1978 Census of Agriculture, it was decided 

that respondents would be more likely to cooperate with the 

data-collection effort if they had some idea of how the information gathered would be used; hence the campaign was designed 

not only to encourage farmers to complete and return their 

report forms, but also to inform them of the intended uses 'of 

the data. 

While many of the techniques and procedures used for the 

1974 census were repeated for 1978, a number of changes 

were made in the light of lessons learned. Most significant, 

perhaps, was a de-emphasis of the use of television. The extraordinary expense of preparing television "spots," as well as the 

fact that farmers are generally more dependent on the radio 

than on television for news and information, led the Bureau 

to drop the idea of a series of 10-, 30-, and 60-second television 

"spots" such as those used in the 1974 program. While public 

service announcements were prepared for television release 

during the census, the precensus phase emphasized the radio 

advertising campaign and printed materials. 

The to~al public information campaign was a multimedia 

effort, involving radio, newspapers, television, farm publicaPercent 

Receipts PMR's (of 

Receipts PMR's (less PMR's) total mailed) 

2,980,540 378,639 80.5 9.3 

1,581,957 281,520 81.8 12.7 

460,298 14,501 85.4 2.6 

46,466 18,240 44.7 14.9 

92,601 16,732 80.3 12.7 

328,300 38,785 86.7 9.3 

417,931 7,138 83.3 1.4 

52,987 U23 41.0 1.3 

tions, and the distribution of informational materials to schools, 

businesses, individuals, and organizations throughout the 

country. The initial news release for the census in January 

1978 reminded farmers to keep accurate records through 

the census year. The information program continued through 

the enumeration period, "peaking" in m id-1 979, near the er.d 

of the regular data-collection effort. 

Theme and Symbol 

Evaluation of the 1974 enumeration suggested that the 

theme message used for the publicity campaign-"Fill it out, 

mail it in-NOW!"-had not been particularly well received by 

recipients. It was decided that the information effort for the 

1978 census should have a less direct theme and symbol, one 

that reminded the public of the census but did not seem to be 

demanding action. Accordingly, a simple census logo, the 

number 78 with "AG R ICENSUSUSA" in a three-quarter 

circle around it, was designed for use on all agriculture census 

materials, 

Radio 

Radio is the primary news source for most farmers and the 

Bureau made extensive use of it throughout the census period. 

In March 1978, the radio awareness effort began with the 

distribution to 32 farm broadcasting networks of a salute to 

American farmers by the Director of the Bureau, with a request 

that it be broadcast as part of the observances of Agriculture 

Day on March 20. In addition to periodic news releases on 

the progress of the census, a series of 10-, 30-, and 60-second 

public service announcements were taped by the president of 

the National Association of Farm Broadcasters (NAFB) and 

about 250 copies were made available for distribution at the 
26 PREPARATORY OPERATIONS 

NAFB convention in November 1978. In addition, a set of 

1%- to 2%-minute interviews with 10 agricultural experts were 

recorded and transferred to a 12-inch long-playing disc. Copies 

of this disc were mailed to 1,229 radio stations that had large 

farm audiences, wh ile another 150 were made available for 

distribution at the NAFB convention. 

Printed Materials 

Newspapers, magazines, and informational material for 

distribution are all important parts of any census publicity 

effort. For 1978, this part of the campaign, in addition to 

posters, brochures, and the like, included distribution of articles 

and information to newspapers, proclamations, standardized 

speeches and statements, drop-in advertisements, and a series 

of stories tailored to each State for use by local publications. 

Some of these efforts are described in greater detail below. 

Posters-Some 152,000 census of agriculture posters (printed 

in green, yellow, brown, and red ink) were printed. About 

17,700 of these were delivered to the USDA for distribution 

to its agencies, wh ile 10 copies were sent to each of some 

9,000 vocational·agriculture teachers throughout the country 

for their classes. Additional copies were sent to various private 

agriculture-oriented organizations and associations. 

Brochures and standardized speeches and statements-A pamphlet, "The 1978 Census of Agriculture and You," was prepared 

for general use and was included with all the information kits, 

census guides, and so on, mailed by the Bureau. Copies were 

distributed by Bureau personnel staffing booths at conventions, 

and also were sent to vocational-agriculture departments, 

county agents, USDA local offices, and the like. The agricultural statistics brochure in the Bureau's Factfinder for the 

Nation series was also distributed. 

A suggested text for a 6- to 7-minute speech in support of 

the census was prepared and was made available to interested 

organizations for use at their conventions or local meetings. 

Distribution of copies of this text was as follows: 

Organization or agency 

ASCS (for information kits) . 

Ruritan National (for local chapters in 35 

States) ......... . 

Jaycees State chairmen of Outstanding Young 

Farmer Program (10 each) ........ . 

Kiwanis district governors (10 each) ..... . 

Directors' meeting of the Agriculture Council 

of America ............. . 

Lions district governors in Maryland, Virginia, 

and Delaware ........ . 

Approximate total 

3,500 

1,350 

420 

320 

100 

100 

The Kiwanis, Lions, Jaycees (Junior Chamber of Commerce), 

and Ruritan also published articles in their members' monthly 

magazines announcing the availability of free copies of the 

speech. 

Newspapers and magazines-The Bureau sent 551 agriculture 

census information kits directly to farm-oriented publications, 

farm writers, and to the farm editors of daily newspapers 

throughout the Nation. Newspaper farm editors were placed 

on the Bureau's distribution list and were sent all news releases 

related to the agricultural census, as well as a series of drop-in 

ads of various sizes (examples on following page). 

A series of stories, one for each State, was developed to 

outline the changes in local agriculture over the last 25 years, 

as measured by the data collected in the census of agriculture. 

Copies of the appropriate stories were mailed to 1,262 identified farm media outlets across the country. In addition, as 

was done for 1974, some 500 farm magazine editors were 

contacted about using census-oriented photographs, shot to 

their specifications, for use on the covers of their issues appearing during the data-collection phase of the enumeration. About 

130 asked for these photographs, while a further 20 requested 

census report forms and envelopes for use as props in shooting 

their own pictures. 

Farm Census Guide 

The Farm Census Guide (form 78-A20) was a reference 

manual prepared for use by county agents, vocational-agriculture teachers, and others who assisted farmers and other respondents to complete their report forms. The 55-page booklets 

contained step-by-step instructions for completing each section of the standard report forms. These guides, together with 

cover letters and/or additional materials as listed below, were 

delivered in bulk, or were mailed directly from the Bureau's 

Jeffersonville, Ind., facility. The principal distributions were 

as follows: 

Number Content of Organization or agency of mailing package copies 

Agricultural Stabilization and A20 guide, 78A20 or 

Conservation Service ... 21,000 78A20( L 1) cover letter 

Soil Conservation Service .... 5,000 A20 guide, 78A20 or 

78A20(L 1) cover letter 

Cooperative Extension Service 4,625 A20 guide, 1978 Census 

of Agriculture brochure, 

78A20 or 78A20( L 1) 

cover letter 

Farmers Home Administration 1,900 A20 guide, 1978 Census 

of Agriculture brochure, 

78A20 or 78A20(L 1) 

cover letter 

Statistical Research Service ... 120 A20 guide, poster, 1978 

Census of Agriculture 

brochure, 78A 1 (S) report 

form, Factfinder on Agricultural Statistics CFF 

NO.3 (Rev.), 78A20 or 

78A20(L 1) cover letter 

Farm Credit Administration ... 3,800 A20 guide, poster, 78A20 

or 78A20( L 1) cover letter 

High school, college, and univer- A20 guide, 78A 1 (S) report 

sity vocational agricultural form, Factfinder on Agridepartments ............ 16,500 cultural Statistics CF F 

No. 3(Rev.), 78A17 Lesson 

Plan, 78A17(L1) cover 

letter 

Agricultural bankers ....... 3,300 A20 guide, 78A20( L2) 

cover letter 

Agribusiness and Agricultural Organizations 

Second only to the Federal and State Governments as users 

of census data is agriculture-related industry, hence the Bureau 
It's 

Agriculture 

Census Time! 

That's right, and a good Agriculture census will help all farmers. 

The Census Bureau will be contacting all farmers and ranchers 

by mail in January 1979 to measure the changes that have taken 

place since 1974. Only the census provides data on a comparable basis for counties in all 

States. 

U.S. DEPARTMENT 

OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Sound 

Decisions ... 

By the farming community-farmers, suppliers, 

ban ks-often depend 

upon data found only in 

the Census of Agriculture. 

Check your January mail 

for the streamlined 1978 

report form. 

U.S. DEPARTMENT 

OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

PREPARATORY OPERATIONS 

Typical Drop-in Magazine Ads 

Missing 

Farm 

Facts 

Are 

Costly 

Agriculture is a key business to America. 

The decisions that are 

made need to be based on 

the best information possible. The purpose of the 

Census of Agriculture is to 

supply these facts. 

(he 1978 Census of Agriculture will provide benchmark data useful to farmers and the farming 

community. It takes both 

farm and ranch operators 

and the Census Bureau to 

do the job right! Facts 

about individual farms and 

ranches are kept confidential. Only summary statistics are published. 

U.S. DEPARTMENT 

OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

1978 

AGRICULTURE 

CENSUS 

Busy farmers will find the 

new agriculture census report much shorter and easier 

than the 1974 report form. 

Data for 78 are collected by 

mail early in 79. Since 1840, 

we've been serving the 

Nation's 

farmers. 

U.S. DEPARTMENT 

OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

~~;;:; ~V, 

6 '~:' 

~ 

~~{ . Since " '\ ~ 1840 ' ... The Agriculture 

Census 

The report form for the 21 st 

Census of Agriculture will be 

mailed to the Nation's farmers in 

January 1979. Data are needed 

from all agricultural producers 

for this new chapter in the 140-

year history of American agriculture. 

U.S. DEPARTMENT 

OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

27 
28 PREPARATORY OPERATIONS 

of the Census asked the assistance of those involved in agribusiness to help publicize the census_ The informatiC'nal materials 

sent to the news media, county agents, vocational-agriculture 

teachers, and others interested in the enumeration were also 

made available to representatives of agribusiness, either directly 

by the Bureau or through the USDA or other agencies. Agribusiness assistance included the insertion of census-related 

articles and ads in their media or publications and the distribution of census posters and brochures through their sales outlets 

and sales organization, as well as "word-of-mouth" encouragement. 

Additional assistance in informing the public of the importance of the census was requested from many associations and 

organizations representing the broadest possible cross-section 

of the agriculture-oriented population and economy. Special 

slide programs were prepared and shown at 4H and Future 

Farms of America conventions, and members of these organizations, as well as representatives of colleges and universities, 

the Farm Credit Bank, Federal Land Grant Association, and 

the Production Credit Association, received copies of the census 

posters and other informational materials to distribute. 

The associations and organizations that were represented 

on the Census Advisory Committee on Agriculture Statistics 

cooperated with the publicity program to the fullest extent 

possible, including publicizing the census through their own 

publicity resources and making representatives available for 

recorded and/or filmed interviews or statements supporting the 

enumeration. (See p. 7 for a list of member organizations.) 

In addition, the following private organizations cooperated 

with the Bureau in the publicity campaign in various ways: 

American Agricultural Editors' Association 

American Association of Agricultural College Editors 

Agricultural Publishers' Association 

National Association of Farm Broadcasters (NAFB) 

National County Agents Association 

National Rural Electric Cooperative Association 

The Federal Government is the largest single user of census 

data, and various Government agencies were called upon to 

help in publicizing the census. The largest user within the 

Federal Government, the Department of Agriculture, assisted 

the information campaign primarily through the following 

agencies: 

Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service 

Economics, Statistics, and Cooperatives Service 

Farmers Home Administration 

Forest Service 

Rural Electrification Administration 

Science and Education Administration 

Soil Conservation Service 

PRINTING AND ADDRESSING REPORT FORMS 

General Information 

For the 1974 census, the majority of the report forms mailed 

to farm operators were self-mailing packages, with the recipient's name and address printed on the cover, which served as 

the mail out wrapper. Separate mailing labels were used in the 

assembly of traditional mailout packages for special cases, such 

as for Alaska and Hawaii, for agricultural services establishments, and for the followup mailings. This was a major change 

in procedures compared to the 1969 census, and while it 

worked well enough, it was felt by Agriculture Division's census 

planning group that the new report forms designed for the 1978 

enumeration would elicit a better rate of response if there was 

a reversion to the use of separate items in the package. In part, 

this was because the 1978 report forms were considerably 

shorter than the 1974 versions, and the change in the general 

format of the forms made the use of a booklet/mailing cover 

system less efficient. An additional consideration was the 

resemblance of the self-mailing forms to State and Federal 

tax forms; using the older system would avoid respondent confusion as well as the natural resistance of many people to most 

things reminiscent of tax collection forms. 

Private contractors printed all of the census materials, 

assembled the mailing packages (except for those for special 

cases and Hawaii) according to Bureau specifications, and forwarded the packages and special materials to Jeffersonville. 

The Bureau staff at Jeffersonville added any special materials 

required to the mailing packages, and applied the address 

labels to the packages prior to the mailout. 

Address Labels 

The address labels for the initial and all followup mailings 

were printed by a private contractor using a computerized jetimaging system. This process employed streams of computercontrolled ink droplets, directed onto a continuously moving 

length of paper, or in this case, a strip of labels. Alignment of 

the image was extremely precise, which was especially important for the 1978 labels because of the use of barcodes above 

the address on each label. The speed of the imaging could be 

controlled up to approximately 40,000 lines of characters per 

minute. The labels were printed, four addresses across, on pinfed label stock for use in the Bureau's labeling machines. 

Magnetic computer tapes containing the census address 

lists were prepared by the Bureau and were used by the contractor to produce the labels. By the end of May 1979, 208 

tapes had been prepared and provided to the contractor for 

printing the labels for the initial and the followup mailings. 

The first delivery of approximately 1 million mailing labels 

for the initial mailout was made in late November 1978, with 

the remaining 3.5 million or so being delivered on a flow basis, 

in batches of about 250,000, over the following several weeks. 

After each followup mailing closeout date, which was always 

on a Tuesday, the Bureau updated the non respondent address 

file tapes within 24 hours, and sent them by courier to the 

contractor. New sets of address labels for non respondents were 

printed and ready for application by the Friday following the 

closeout. 

Security of Census Address Files 

The confidentiality requirements of the census law extend 

to protecting the Bureau's mailing address lists. This required 

that the computer tapes used in the production of the address 
PREPARATORY OPERATIONS 29 

labels, and the labels themselves, be protected from any disclosure of individual addresses. To implement the confidentiality 

requirements, the label contractor's entire printing staff were 

deputized as temporary census agents, and thus made subject 

to the confidential ity provisions of title 13. The contractor 

also provided special facilities for the secure storage of the 

Bureau's address tapes, and one or more Bureau representatives 

were always present while the contractor was using the tapes 

to observe safeguards maintained during production of the 

address labels, storage of the tapes and labels prior to sending 

the latter to Jeffersonville, destruction of waste, etc. Bureau 

personnel were also responsible for unpacking the address tapes 

on their arrival at the contractor's plant, inspecting the tapes 

to verify their condition, and supervising the return of the tapes 

to the Bureau for erasure. 

Printing, Assembling, and Addressing the Mailing 

Packages 

Quantities-Th ree separate contractors printed and assembled 

the mailing packages for the 1978 Census of Agriculture. The 

approximate quantities of mailing packages for individual 

agricultural operations specified in the contracts were as 

follows: 

Form No. 

Total. ... 

74-A 1 (N). 

74-A 1 (5) (yellow) . 

74-A 1 (5) (green) .. 

74-A 1 (H) ...... . 

Quantity ordered 

4,433,000 

3,300,000 

990,000 

135,000 

8,000 

Note: The Al (S) (green) was used for "must" cases; the A1 (H) was 

a blue-green variant of the A1 (S), used for Hawaii; the A1 (S) (yellow) 

was used for all "certainty" cases, as well as for all non-certainty sample 

cases. 

Quality control-The printing contractors were also responsible 

for assembl ing the mailout packages and sh ipping them to the 

Bureau's Jeffersonville facil ity. The specific contents of the 

packages to be mailed to individual agricultural operations 

were as given in table 3. 

Table 3. Principal Contracts for Report Forms for Initial 

Data Collection Operations 

Total Delivery Form No. Description quantity Contractor Cost 

received period 

78-Al(N)! Agricultural production report form (non- 6,100,000 Aug. 1978-Apr. 1979 Government $564,000 

sample),4 pages, 20'/," x 14" folded to Printing Office 

10);," x 4 2/3", white writing sub. 100, (GPO) 

printed in black ink on two sides with 90-

percent coverage of 20-percent toned process 

blue. 

78-A1(S)! Agricultural production report form 2,165,000 Aug. 1978-Apr. 1979 GPO 262,000 

(sample), 6 pages, 26" x 14" folded to 

10);," x 4 2/3", white writing sub. 100, 

printed in black ink on two sides with 90-

percent coverage of 50-percent toned PMS 

yellow. 

78·A1(H) Agricultural procuction report 'form 16,000 Oct. 1978-Apr. 1979 GPO 3,000 

(Hawaii), 6 pages, 26" x 14" folded to 

10);," x 42/3", white writing sub. 100, 

with printing in black ink on two sides. 

78-Al(S) Agricultural production report form (for 335,000 Aug. 1978-Apr. 1979 GPO 67,000 "must" and "certainty" cases), 6 pages, 

26" x 14" folded to 10);," x 4 2/3", 

white writing sub. 100, printed in black 

ink on two sides with 90-percent coverage 

of 50-percent toned green. 

78-A 1 (PR) (SP, Agricultural production report form 5,000 (English) 

(Puerto Rico), 4 pages, 21" x 16" folded 30,000 (Spanish) April 1978 GPO 1,712.00 to 1 O%" x 16"; salmon sub. 40, with 

printing in black ink on two sides (English 

version); white offset sub. 100, with 

printing in PMS reflex blue ink. 
30 PREPARATORY OPERATIONS 

Table 3. Principal Contracts for Report Forms for Initial 

Data Collection Operations-Continued 

Total 

Form No. Description quantity Delivery Contractor Cost 

received period 

78·A1(VI) Agricultural production report form (Virgin 1,200 June 1978 Dept. of 168.00 

Islands), 2 pages, 20'/;' x 16", white offset 

sub. 100, printing in black ink on two sides. 

78-A1 (G) Agricultural production report form (Guam), 4,000 March 1978 Commerce 478.00 

4 pages, 16" x 14" folded to 8" x 14", white 

offset sub. 100, printing in black ink on two 

sides. 

78-A40A' Agricultural services report form (soil 60,000 (original) 

preparation and crop services), 4 pages, 37,000 (file) October 1978 GPO 5,947.00 

20)1:,' x 14" folded to 10%" x14" white 

offset sub. 100, printed in black ink on two 

sides with 90-percent coverage in blue shading. 

78-A40B' Agricultural services report form (veterinary 180,000 (original) 

and animal services), specifications same as 110,000 (file) September 1978 GPO 13,815.00 

above except 90-percent coverage in PMS 

red shading. 

78-A40B Reprint 50,000 March 1979 GPO 2,193.00 

78-A4C' Agricultural services report form (landscape 293,000 (original) 

and horticultural services}, specifications 180,000 (file) September 1978 GPO 35,595.00 

same as above except 90-percent coverage 

in salmon shading. 

78-A40D' Agricultural services report form (combined 67,000 (original) 

form), specifications same as above except 35,000 (file) October 1978 GPO 6,591.00 

90-percent coverage in purple shading 

78-A40D Reprint 100,000 Jan.-Feb. 1979 GPO 5,513.00 

78-A60 Census of I rrigation data collection form 20,000 (original) 

(single-basin organizations), 4 pages, 17,000 (file) November 1978 GPO 2,969.00 

21" x 17" folded to 10%" x 8%", white 

offset sub. 100, printed in black ink on two 

sides with 90-percent coverage in 20-percent 

toned process blue. 

78-A60A Same as 78-A60 except shaded in 70-percent 2,000 (original) 

tone PMS 102 yellow. 2,000 (file) November 1978 Commerce 562.00 

78-A61 Census of I rrigation data collection form 1,500 (original) 

(multi·basin organizations), 4 pages, 1,000 (fi Ie) October 1978 Commerce 456.00 

21" x 17" folded to 10%" x 8%", white 

offset sub. 100, printed in black ink on two 

sides with go-percent coverage of 20-percent 

toned PMS 361 green. 

I Contracts were for sets of materials for mailing packages including originals, file copies, instruction sheet, and transmittal letter. Form descriptions apply to "originals"; 

the file copies were similar but were usually shaded in gray. 

Upon receipt in Jeffersonville, the mail ing packages were 

submitted to a quality control check. Fifteen mailing packages 

were randomly selected from the first carton of each type of 

packages (each carton contained 275-325 packages), and from 

every fifth carton thereafter of each shipment, and were 

inspected using a balance scale. If a package was out of balance, 

it was opened and the contents were inspected. In addition to 

the balance scale, every 100th sample package was opened and 

the contents were inspected to verify the order of insertion. 

Any package that was incomplete, or in which the contents 
PREPARATORY OPERATIONS 31 

had been inserted in the wrong order, or in which the label 

area did not show through the open window of the mailout 

envelope, was considered defective and the entire carton from 

which it has been drawn was temporarily rejected. All of the 

packages in each rejected carton were inspected until 100 

consecutive error-free packages were found, at wh ich time it 

was returned to the preparation cycle. 

Hawaii and Alaska-The mailing packages for Hawaii were 

assembled at Jeffersonville, rather than by a private contractor, 

but were essentially identical in content to the 78-A 1 (S) sample 

packages except that the report form 78-A1(H) and 78-A1(H)1 

information sheet were substituted for the standard sample 

forms. The packages for Alaska were also assembled at 

Jeffersonville, and were standard sample packages except that 

they, like the Hawaiian packages, were mailed with first-class 

postage. 

Multiunits and Abnormals-While the assembly of single·unit 

mailing packages was fairly simple, multiunits and abnormal 

operations required special handling. For multiunits, Bureau 

headquarters provided the Jeffersonville staff with (a) two 

pressure-sensitive master address labels-one for the outgoing 

envelope or carton, and one for a folder in which all the materials for each case could be assembled; and (b) a set of threebank multiunit master and plant labels-two copies for Jeffersonville, one for the Agriculture Division file, and one for 

the Agriculture Services Branch file. Plant labels, in alpha 

plant-number sequence, were also included (Cheshire labels 

for regular agriculture report forms and pressure-sensitive labels 

for agricultural services and Hawaiian forms). Two copies of 

a control sheet, one for the main file at Suitland and one for 

insertion in the appropriate folder, were generated by computer 

for each company. 

Private contractors prestuffed the mailing envelopes for 

regular agriculture operations, which the Jeffersonville staff 

then assembled into multiunit packages. Address labels were 

applied to individual plant packages (in which a revised version 

of the A2 brochure was substituted for the regular A2, and the 

A8 return envelope replaced the A7) and the packages were 

inserted in the appropriate company folders. 

When all the materials for one company had been collected 

in its folder, the contents of the folder, except for the control 

sheet, were placed in an outgoing envelope or carton, wh ich 

was labeled and left unsealed for quality- control inspection. 

The packages for "abnormal" farms (i.e., institutional 

farms, grazing associations, experimental stations, etc.) were 

assembled at Jeffersonville. The packages contents were similar 

to those for "must" cases, except that the A24 instruction 

sheet was used in addition to the A1 (I). 

Labeling-Upon receipt in Jeffersonville the address labels were 

sorted by the type of form to which they were to be applied 

(A1 (N), A1 (S) "yellow" (excluding Alaska), and A1 (S) 

"green"), then sorted by ZIP code within form type and split 

as follows: 

1. Five-digit ZIP code with 150 or more cases 

2. Multi-ZIP coded cities with 10 or more cases 

3. Three-digit ZIP codes with 10 or more cases 

4. All other cases 

The labels for multiunits, abnormals, and other cases requiring special handling were applied manually, using pressuresensitive labels. However, the vast majority of the census packages-over 4 million in all- were labeled by machine. Each 

single-unit package was addressed by applying the appropriate 

label mechanically onto the A 1 (S) or A 1 (N) form through the 

window of the mailout envelope. Four labeling machines at 

Jeffersonville performed this function at the rate of 10,000 

addresses per hour each. The initial mailout operations took 

place between late December 1978 and mid-January 1979. 

For details of the mailout phase of the census, see chapter 4. 

Table 4. Package Contents 

Type of 

package 

Nonsample 

Sample 

-Must 

-Other 

Hawaii 

Outgoing 

envelope 

7S-A7 (8) 

(3rd class) 

7S-7 (A) 

(1st class) 

or 

7S-A7 (8) 

(3rd class) 

7S-A7 (A) 

(1 st class) 

or 

78-A7 (8) 

(3rd class) 

78-A7 (A) 

(1st class) 

Report 

form 

7S·Al (N) 

"blue" 

7S-Al (S) 

"green" 

7S-Al (S) 

"yellow" 

78-Al (H) 

"blueijreen" 

File Information Return 

copy sheet envelope Brochure 

7S·Al (N) 7S-A 1 (I) 7S-AS 7S-A2 

brown" 

7S-Al (S) 7S-Al (I) 7S-AS 7S-A2 

"brown" 

7S-Al (S) 7S-Al (I) 7S-AS 7S-A2 

Hbrown" 

7S-Al (H) 78-A 1(Hli 7S·A8 7S·AS 

I'brown" 

Note: Contents ere inserted in t~e order listed except for the A 1 (S) "yell()w" sample packages, in which the information sheet and return 

envalope were in reversa order. First-class postage was usad for "abnormal" farms, Alaska, Hawaii, and multiunits. 

Cover 

letter 

7S-A 1 (L 1) 

7S-Al(L1) 

7S-A 1 (L 1) 

7S·Al (Ll) 
32 

INTRODUCTION 

Once the planning and preparations for a census have been 

completed, there remains the enumeration itself, and the processing and publication of the data acquired. The data-collection 

phase of the 1978 Census of Agriculture involved extensive 

mail and telephone activities from January through November 

1979. In addition, door-to-door canvass techniques were used in 

a sample survey of agricultural operations taken during the last 

3 months of 1978. 

The data-collection forms were processed and the data prepared for tabulation on a flow basis as the materials were 

returned to the Bureau by respondents. The processing involved 

(1) a clerical phase, in which the individual report forms were 

sorted, reviewed, edited, and the data prepared for computer 

processing, and (2) a computer phase, during which the Bureau's 

computers were used to perform certain edits of the data, 

impute for selected nonrespondent addresses and/or items, and 

tabulate the results. 

DATA COLLECTION 

General Information 

Most of the data-collection operations associated with the 

1978 Census of Agriculture were carried out by the Bureau's 

Jeffersonville office, with the close supervision and cooperation 

of the Agricu Itu re Division. The data-collection effort comprised an initial mailout of report forms in December 1978, a 

subsequent mail ing of rem inder letters at the end of January 

1979, and six followup mailings to nonrespondent addresses 

that began about 2 months after the initial mailout date, and 

were carried out at about 1-month intervals thereafter. The 

second, fourth, and sixth followup mailings involved sending 

complete sets of report forms and additional materials to nonrespondents, while the remaining three mailings were of letters 

requesting response, pointing out the uses of the census data, 

and reminding addressees of the legal requirement for response 

to the census. 

A telephone followup operation was also used, beginning in 

April 1979. Selected large non response cases ("must" and some 

"certainty" cases) were turned over to a telephone staff for 

enumeration, (See p. 36 for details.) 

An area sample survey, designed to supplement the data 

collected by the mail operation, was also part of the census. 

Chapter 4. 

Data Collection 

and Processing 

Some 6,400 area segments were selected for the survey and were 

canvassed by the Bureau's field staff in the last 3 months of 

1978. The enumerators completed an A 1 (A) (similar to the 

A1 (S)) report form for each person having any agricultural 

operations. Respondents to the sample survey were not required 

to complete a mail census form, and were given identifying 

stickers to use on the report forms if they received materials 

from the initial or any followup mailing. The names and 

addresses of area-sample respondents were matched to the 

census mailing list. Those not found on the list were tabulated 

separately and were used to make estimates, at the State level, 

of the number and characteristics of farms not on the mailing 

list. These estimates were included in the published State totals. 

(The area sample survey is described in more detail below.) 

Initial and Supplemental Mailouts 

General information-The initial mailout for the 1978 Census of 

Agriculture embraced first-time mailings to any address designated to receive an A1 (N) or A1 (S) report form and involved 

over 4.2 million addresses. (The primary mailing operation for 

the census also included agricultural services cases, which are 

discussed in chapter 6.) There were also a series of supplemental 

mailings to cases added to the census file after the "final" 

address list had been compiled and mailings were underway. The 

components of the initial and the supplemental initial mailings 

were as follows: 

1. The principal mailing to the addresses on the "final" census 

mailing address list, involving 4,240)33 report forms, 

released to the Postal Service in the last 2 weeks of December 

1978. 

2. A supplemental mailing of 132,486 report forms in early 

February 1979 to addresses withdrawn as problem cases 

from the regular address list during the final unduplication of 

the list. (Problem cases were identified as those without a 

standard name and address or ZIP code.) 

3. An additional 56,414 cases mailed from February to August 

1979, on a flow basis. These cases were drawn froma. Special lists, especially for broilers and worms, received 

too late to be included on the address list. 

b. Tenant/successor adds: i.e., successors and large tenants 

reported on the 1978 report forms which were not 

included in the census address list. 
DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 33 

c. Responses to the 78A25 "Were You Counted?" form 

printed in rural newspapers and farm periodicals as part of 

the census publicity campaign. 

d. A supplement to the Hawaii mailing file, consisting of 

cases believed to be associated with agriculture but not 

included in previous mailings. 

The bulk of the mailing operations were handled by Jeffersonville, although report forms for abnormal farms were sent 

directly from the Suitland headquarters. The mailouts were 

done on a flow basis with first-class postage for Alaska, Hawaii, 

abnormal farms, and multiunits. The remaining packages were 

sent by third-class bulk rate. The supplemental mailings in 

February 1979 were sent by third-class postage, and other misce"aneous first-time mailouts were sent first-class. 

The basic characteristics of the initial December mailout for 

the agricultural census were as shown below. 

Supplemental mailings-The supplemental list mailing packages 

sent to the additional special list cases were similar to the 

sample and nonsample packages used in the initial and February 

mailings, except the A7 (A) first-class postage outgoing envelope 

was used and the A52(F) informational flyer was inserted in all 

packages. 

Tenant/successor add cases' packages were identical to those 

for sample cases except that the labels carried a special list code 

identification number (98). 

The contents of the packages for the Hawaii supplemental 

mailing varied considerably from that of the initial Hawaii mailout, and consisted of a BC-1266 return envelope and the 

report form 78-A48(S). The A48(S) form was a composite 4-

page form containing a cover letter (p. 1), a short questionnaire 

(pP. 2-3), and excerpts from title 13, United States Code, 

covering authority for the conduct of the census of agriculture 

and the legal requirements for response. 

Followup Mailings 

General-The agricultural census mail file (excluding multiunits) 

was divided into four segments to distribute the followup and 

mail-receipt workloads, as follows: 

Group 

Sample forms, Alaska, Hawaii 

2 Nonsample forms for geographic divisions 5 through 9 (the 

Southern and Western States) 

3 Nonsample forms for geographic divisions 1 through 4 (New 

England, the Middle Atlantic, and all the North Central 

States) 

4 Agriculture supplement (the February supplement plus 

special-list supplement). 

All six of the followup mailings were carried out on a flow 

basis with groups 1-3 mailed during each of three consecutive 

1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE INITIAL MAILOUT 

Ouantity' 

Type Form Initial February Form code Other Mail Comments 

color supplement 

Agriculture single units 

(except services) ......... ' 4,232,731 132,486 

Non-sample form 78-A 1 (N) Blue 3,140,189 98,227 IN 3rd 

Sample form 78-A 1 (S) 

Must (excluding 

Abnormals) ........ Green 124,908 3,871 lSI "Must" flag 3rd 

present (** *) 

Alaska ........... Yellow 1,294 60 lS2 First two digits 1 st First two digits of 

of CFN; 94 CFN ; State code 

Other than Alaska ... Yellow 957,740 30,111 lS2,153 3rd 

Hawaii form 78·Al (H) .... Blue-green 6,331 217 lH First two digits 1 st First two digits of 

CFN = 95 CFN = State code 

Abnormal farms 7a-A 1 (S) .. "Must" green 2,269 lSl Mail size = 14 1 st Mailed in Suitland 

Multiunits .............. 5,523 (pkgs.l 1 st 

Sample forms 78·A 1 (S) ... "Must" green 7,855 lSl Alpha plant 

number and mail 

size = 15 

Hawaii form 78-Al (H) .... Blue-green 147 lH Alpha plant First two digits of 

number and mail CFN ; 95 = State 

size = 15 code 

1 Excludes tenant/successor adds, special lists supplement, and other forms mailed March-August 1979. 
34 DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 

weeks and group 4 a few weeks later. The closeout for each 

followup was usually on a Tuesday, with mailing beginning on 

the following Friday or Saturday. For followups that included a 

report form (2nd, 4th, and 6th l. barcoded address labels were 

used, while nonbarcoded labels were used for followups involving only letters. 

Reminder letter mailout-The requested response date for the 

1978 Census of Agriculture was February 15, 1979. A letter was 

sent to all single-unit cases (excluding abnormal farms) in the 

initial mailouts that were still nonrespondent by the third week 

in January, reminding them of the upcoming due date. January 

23 was the date chosen as the cutoff point for selecting non· 

response cases from the census mail file, and computer tapes 

listing cases still outstanding on that date were prepared for use 

by the label contractor to produce a set of address labels for the 

reminder mailing. 

The mailing packages for the reminder letter mailout con· 

sisted only of the 78·A1 (L2) or 78-A1 (L2A) letters (the L2A 

was sent to nonrespondents in division 8 (the Mountain States 

and Cal ifornia)) and the outgoing envelopes; these were mechan· 

ically assembled at Jeffersonville. Mailout, on a flow basis as 

packages were labeled, was finished about 2 weeks after the 

January 23 closeout date. Closeout dates, contents of the 

packages, and the number of packages sent out in the 

"rem inder" mail ing were as follows: 

Group Closeout Form Letter Quantity 

date mailed 

Total. 3,126,717 

1-3 .. 1/23/79 78·A1 (L2) 78-A21 2,762,772 

78-A1 (L2A) 78-A21 276,391 

4 ... 3/20/79 78-A1 (L3) 78-A21 87,554 

First followup-The first of the regular followup mailings began 

in late February and continued into the second week of April. 

Once again, the packages consisted only of letters requesting 

prompt response, although more special ized letters were used 

for non respondent multiunits. The characteristics of the principal followup mailing to single-unit nonrespondents were as 

follows: 

Group Closeout Letter Outgoing Quantity 

date envelope mailed 

Total. 1,842,218 

1 2/20m) 498,264 

2 2/27/79 78-A1IL31 ) 716,987 

3 3/6/79 78-A21 536,501 

4 4/10/79 78-A1 (L4)S 90,466 

The multiunit followup maiiings were carried out on a flow 

basis during the first week of March. A total of 2,789 company 

packages were mailed, 2,518 to nonrespondent multiunits, and 

271 to multiunits from which only a partial response had been 

received. The 78-A21 outgoing envelope was used for multiunit mailings as well as for single units. Two special letters were 

employed-the 78-A80-L 1 for companies with only a single 

plant and the 78-A81-L 1 for those with more than one plant-in 

the initial mailing. 

A total of 671 78-A1 (L3) followup letters were mailed in 

mid-March from the Suitland headquarters to nonrespondent 

abnormal farms. 

Second followup-The second mail followup was the first of 

three that involved remail ing report forms to nonrespondent 

cases. As was the case for the initial mailout, a private contractor printed and assembled the mailing packages for single-unit 

operations. The content of the individual single-unit packages 

was similar to that used in the initial mailout, except that new 

followup letters (78-A 1-L4 for groups 1-3, and 78-A 1-L5 (S) for 

the group-4 addresses) were substituted for the A1 (L) transmittal letters used earl ier, and file copies of the report forms 

were included in packages for group-4 addresses only. 

The quality control of the mailing packages was similar to 

that for the initial mailout (see chapter 3). Packages for Alaska 

and Hawaii, abnormal farms, multiunits, and for addresses in 

group 4 were mailed using first-class postage; all other packages 

were sent third class. As before, closeout and mailings for the 

followup were spread over several weeks. Immediately after 

each closeout date, nonrespondent addresses were selected from 

the mail file and a new "del inquent case" file was produced and 

used to print address labels. The mailout generally began within 

3 days of the closeout date and continued, on a flow basis, as 

long as necessary. The basic characteristics of the second followup mailing, by groups, were as follows: 

Group Closeout Report Quantity 

date form mailed 

Total ....... 1,563,837 

· .......... 3/13/79 78-A1 (S) } 424,809 78-A1 (H) 

2 · .......... 3/20/79 78-A1 (N) 603,403 

3 · .......... 3/27/79 78-A1(N) 469,689 

4 · .......... 5/1/79 78-A1 (N), 

78-A1 (S), and 65,936 

78-A1 (H) 

Packages for approximately 1,900 totally or partially nonrespondent multiunit companies were mailed in the first week 

of April. The contents of the packages were similar to those sent 

in the initial mailing, except that ferm letters 78-A80-L2 or 

78-A81-L2 were substituted for the original transmittal letters. 

The second followup to nonrcspondent abnormal farms was 

carried out from Suitland in the middle of April, when 585 

packages, each containing a report form (78-A 1 (S) "Must" 

(green)) and a 78-A1 (L4) letter, were mailed. 

Third followup-The third followup was, again, only a letter to 

nonrespondents. The nonrespondent address list and the mailing 
DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 35 

labels were produced in the standard way, and mailout was 

completed, usually, about a week after each closeout date. 

Details of the mailout, by group, are given below: 

Group Closeout Letter Quantity 

date mailed 

Total ..... 1,341,741 

1 · .......... 4/3/79 I 359,473 

2 · .......... 4/10/79 78-A1-L5 512,924 

3 · .......... 4/17/79 412,957 

4 · .......... 5/22/79 78-A1-L6(S) 56,387 

The third followup mailing to multiunits, in the first week of 

May, involved the use of only a single form letter, the 7S-ASOL3, sent to approximately 1,600 totally or partially nonrespondent companies_ 

The third followup also included the establishment of a file 

for the telephone followup. After the closeout date for group 3 

(4/17/79), approximately 43,000 add resses for large nonrespondent single-unit operations were extracted from the mail 

file and turned over to a telephone followup staff in Jeffersonville for enumeration. These addresses were not deleted from 

the mail followups until some response was obtained, so that if 

an operation had not been enumerated by telephone, or had not 

returned a completed report form by mail in time for the fourth 

followup cutoff date, it was included in the followup mailing. 

(For details of the telephone followup operation, see p. 36.) 

Special April fo"owup-By the beginning of April, the overall 

response rate to the census had reached 66 percent. This was 

considered very good, on the whole, but a significant number of 

individual counties had much lower rates, some as much as 10 

points below the national average. In order to obtain an acceptable response rate for all counties, it was decided to mount a 

supplementary followup effort to non respondents in the 300 

counties across the Nation with the lowest response rates as of 

the middle of April. A special followup letter was prepared, the 

7S-A 1-LS, which used simpler language than the other transmittal letters and offered assistance in completing the census 

report forms. The mailing packages were assembled and labeled 

in Jeffersonville, and were mailed by first-class postage to 

217,723 addresses during the last week of April. 

Fourth fo"owup-The fourth followup was the second that 

included the report forms and instructional materials. Once 

again, a private contractor printed all the materials and 

assembled the mailing packages. The packages were delivered to 

Jeffersonville, where they were subjected to the usual quality 

control procedures before being labeled for mailing. The 

contents of the packages were similar to the second followup, 

except for the use of new transmittal letters (7S-A l-L6 for 

addresses in groups 1-3, and 7S-A1-L7(S) for group 4). The 

mailout was as follows: 

Closeout Outgoing Quantity Group Letter 

date envelope mailed 

Total .. 1,053,611 

· ..... 4/24/79 78·A1[5) } 78-A1 (H) 274,455 

78-A1 (L6) 2 · ...... 5/1/79 78-A1 (N) 411,509 

3 · . . . . . . 5/8/79 78-A1 (N) 324,902 

4 · ..... 6/19/79 78-A1 (S) ) 

78-A1 (N) 78-A1-L7(S) 42,745 

78-A1 (H) 

Fifth followup-The fifth followup consisted of the form 

7S-A 1-L7 letter, sent by first-class postage to approximately 

S55,000 non respondent addresses. All mailing packages were 

assembled and mailed from Jeffersonville. The particulars of the 

mailing were as follows: 

Group Closeout Letter Quantity 

date mailed 

Total ... 854,370 

· ...... 5/22/79 } 222,012 

2 5/29/79 338,160 

3 6/5/79 78-A1-L7 257,794 

4 · ...... 7/10/79 36,404 

The mail outs to each group were carried out in the week 

immediately following the closeout dates. 

Sixth followup-The sixth followup included the complete 

package-report form, information sheet, return envelope, the 

7S-A2 census brochure (urging response and explaining and 

need for census data), and the 7S-A 1-L 10 transmittal letter. 

The contractor printed all of the materials, prestuffed the 

mailing packages, and delivered them to Jeffersonville, where 

the packages were subjected to the standard quality-control 

p roced u res. The mailout was carried out on a flow basis, as 

follows: 

Group Closeout Form Letter Quantity 

date mailed 

Total 673,033 

6/19/79 A1(S) 166,836 

A1(H) 

2 6/26/79 78-A1 (N) 270,192 

3 7/3/79 78-A1 (N) 78-A1-L10 205,931 

4 . .' . . . . . 8/2/79 78-A1 (S), 30,074 

78-A1 (H) 

78-A1 (N) 

All maHout packages were sent by first-class pOHage. 
36 DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 

Tenant/successor followup mailing-The initial mailout to tenant/successor cases identified during the census processing 

began in February 1979. Mailings of complete packages to these 

cases were carried out on a flow basis by the Jeffersonville correspondence unit. Closeout for response to the initial mailings was set for June 4, at which time a list of non respondent 

cases was generated by computer and was used to produce a set 

of address labels. The followup package for tenant/successor 

non respondents consisted of the 78-A21 outgoing first-class 

envelope and the 78-A 1-L6(S) followup letter. The mailing 

packages were prepared at Jeffersonville and were mailed to 

6,922 non respondent addresses during the week following 

June 6. There was no additional followup for tenant/successor 

cases, although mailouts of initial census mailing packages to 

newly identified tenants and successors (there were only a handful of such cases) continued until the first week of August. 

Hawaiian followup-The Hawaiian supplemental mailout to 

some 1,565 addresses not included in previous census mailings 

was carried out in the week of July 30. At this time, a seventh 

followup was made to regular Hawaiian non respondent cases 

not included in group 4. The mailing packages were the same 

as were used for the supplemental mailout, and were sent to 

the 678 nonrespondent cases in the Hawaiian file. 

TELEPHONE FOLLOWUP 

General Information 

A telephone followup unit was established at the Bureau's 

Jeffersonville office to supplement the mail data-collection 

effort. The unit had three major functions: (1) to provide 

assistance to respondents calling in with questions about the 

census report form; (2) to verify inconsistent data reported on 

the forms, and to obtain missing data to resolve problem referral cases; and (3) to secure completed report forms from 

selected nonresponse cases. The specific cases referred to the 

unit included data referrals from the technical review staff, 

area-sample survey referrals and no-one-at-home (NOH) cases, 

nonrespondents in counties with low response rates, and 

selected nonrespondent large and multiunit operations. The 

unit also obtained additional information from non matched 

area-sample survey cases that might aid in matching them to 

the census mail list, and followed up delinquent agricultural 

services cases. 

Telephone Followup Staff 

The Bureau's Jeffersonville office included a staff and 

facilities to carryon various telephone operations. The telephone unit for the 1978 Census of Agriculture was established 

in December 1978, initially to handle incoming calls, and was 

expanded to carry out the telephone followup operation that 

was to begin in April 1979. Forty wide-area telecommunications system (WATS) lines were reserved specifically for interviews, while non-WATS lines were used for telephone-numbers 

research. Subject-matter specialists from the Agriculture Division and representatives of the American Telephone & Telegraph Company conducted interviewer training periodically 

during the period of February through April 1979. 

Initially, the telephone staff consisted of only 10 supervisors, assigned in December 1978. Clerks began joining the 

staff in early January to handle incoming calls, and more were 

added as preparations for the telephone followup itself progressed. By April, the telephone staff for the agriculture census 

numbered 120 persons, split about equally into two shifts. 

The maximum staff strength of 130 was reached 3 months 

later (in July), but the number decreased rapidly each month 

thereafter, with only 11 members left by December 1979, by 

which time the telephone followup operation was essentially 

complete. 

At first, the staff was divided into two shifts, each with two 

working units-a telephone control unit and an interview staff. 

However, this arrangement was soon changed to one in which 

a control unit was operational only during the day shift. Interviewers sometimes did telephone-numbers research on a rotational basis during each shift, but the night shift performed 

most of this function. 

Telephone Operations 

Work assignments-Two basic types of work assignments were 

made to the telephone unit for outgoing calls-problem referrals and non response cases. Problem cases were referred to the 

telephone staff from the technical review and correspondence 

processing units beginning in early January 1979, while nonresponse cases were selected in April 1979 from the census 

mailing list and were, at first, limited to large farming operations. The "large" designation generally included operations 

bel ieved to have had $100,000 or more in total sales for 1978 

and/or had 1,000 or 5,000 acres or more of land (depending 

on which State was involved). In late May, the sales requirement was lowered to $40,000 in New England and $80,000 

in other States, and this increased the workload of the telephone followup significantly. In September, a further increment 

to the workload was made when a number of non respondent 

addresses with expected sales below $80,000 in some 60 counties with response rates of less than 75 percent were turned 

over to the telephone unit for followup. 

Subject-matter specialists from the Agriculture Division and 

the Jeffersonville staff were available to provide guidance and 

handle special problems. Members of the professional staff at 

Jeffersonville or from the Bureau's Suitland office supervised 

the telephone operation, and checked interviewers' work to 

verify that the data obtained were consistent and reasonable. 

The control unit-Incoming cases for telephone contact were 

routed through the telephone control unit, which sorted the 

cases by State and then by group interview type (G IT), as 

follows: 

G IT r.haracteristics 

Nonresponse; $500,000 or more in expected sales 

2 Nonresponse; $100,000-$499,000 in expected sales 

3 Nonresponse; less than $100,000 in expected sales, if 

acres exceeded 1,000 

4 Nonresponse; "non-large" cases assigned by Agriculture Division 
DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 37 

G IT Characteristics-Con. 

5 Jeffersonville "large" referral cases 

6 Jeffersonville "non-large" referral cases 

7 Congressional and refusal cases 

All cases in GIT 1 (about 8,000 in all) were pulled from the 

telephone unit file and were sent to Suitland for followup by 

the Agriculture Division staff. The remaining cases were batched 

into work units of approximately 50 report forms each. (GIT 7 

cases were given special handling in conformance with Agriculture Division staff instructions.) A form A82 Master Telephone 

Record Control Label was attached to each case or report 

form showing the GIT. An A410 Work Unit Control Form 

was then attached to each work unit and the work unit number 

was assigned. The work unit control number for each CFN in 

the unit then was posted to a master control log that included 

the CFN, name and address, and telephone number (if available) 

for each non response case. This log recorded the status of each 

case from the time it was placed into a work unit until it left 

the telephone unit or was designated as "satisfied" by mail 

receipt or by the check-in status listing generated weekly by 

computer. 

The telephone interviewer unit-The telephone interviewer unit 

performed two functions: (1) obtaining telephone numbers 

for nonresponse cases, and (2) carrying out telephone interviews to enumerate those cases. The interviewer unit used 

40 WATS lines (with 60 telephone instruments) on a 2-shift-aday schedule. Work units were distributed to the interview 

staff by WATS band (the WATS system was divided into 

colored "bands" designating the geographic region of the 

country covered by that "band") and State to ensure the most 

efficient use of the system. The staff was divided into four 

subunits, each using 15 instruments with access to the WATS 

lines and the Federal Telecommunications System (FTS). 

Initially, work units were referred to the interviewer unit for 

telephone numbers research, and the members of the staff 

checked local directories or information operators to try to 

obtain a telephone number. If a number was found, it was 

entered in the appropriate spaces on the A82 label; if none 

could be found, the fact was noted on the label before the work 

unit was returned to the control unit for assignment to individual interviewers. 

Once telephone numbers research was completed, the work 

unit was assigned to the interviewer staff. The procedures for 

disposition of the various kinds of cases identified during the 

telephone non respondents followup operations were as follows: 

1. Mail receipt. All cases indicated as received by mail on the 

weekly "alert" check-in status listing were pulled from the 

telephone unit file and such action was noted in the master 

control log. 

2. In scope, completed report form. The form was completed 

using data obtained by telephone interview and was forwarded to the control unit, which annotated its control 

log accordingly and sent the form to batch for check-in. 

3. Out of scope. Out-of-scope cases were noted on the control 

log and were referred to the coverage unit after check in. 

4. Agricultural services cases. Agricultural services cases were 

referred to the agricultural services technical review unit. 

5. Respondent claimed to have filed (Claims Filed). The interviewer attempted to obtain a CFN and the name and address 

on the report form supposedly completed by the respondent, 

and the case was referred to the microfilm mail list research 

team assigned to the telephone unit to verify the claim. If 

the claim could not be verified, the case was returned, with 

appropriate evidence of research, for telephone enumeration. 

6. Respondent requested blank report form (Remail). If the 

respondent refused to give information over the telephone, 

but indicated the need for another form to fill out, the 

correct name and address were obtained and the case was 

referred to the correspondence unit for mailing. 

7. Respondent promised to file (Will File). The date of the 

call and the nature of the conversation were entered on the 

control label and the case was placed in the suspense file 

in the control unit. If, after 2 weeks, the "alert" check-in 

status listing indicated the case was still unsatisfied, it was 

recycled through the telephone interviewing operation. 

8. Respondent refused to give any information. The date of 

the refusal, the name of the person contacted, and the 

initials of the interviewer involved were noted on the control 

label. A second attempt, by a different interviewer, was 

made at a later date. If the subject still refused to provide 

the information, the details of the second call were noted 

on the control label and the case was checked aga inst the 

microfilm mailout and current-status lists to determine if 

it had been otherwise resolved. If not, an analyst reviewed 

the case for possible special mail followup as a two-time 

telephone refusal. The annotated report form then was 

placed into the control unit's suspense file for completion 

by secondary sources as noted below. 

9. No answer when called. After the fourth try (two attempts 

on each shift) the telephone number was researched again 

to verify that it was the correct number for the case. If it 

was, the control label was annotated with "N/ A final try, 

Number Verified" and the case was placed in the work unit 

suspense file. 

10. No listing. Cases for which no telephone numbers could be 

found were held in the control unit's suspense file. 

Problem referral cases resolved by telephone were returned 

to the originating unit. Resolution often was delayed because 

respondents were not at home and had to be called back one 

or more times. Referral cases that were not resolved after 

several attempts at different times and days were returned to 

the originating unit for analyst's review. 

As nonresponse cases were completed, they were sent to 

the check-in unit, and thereafter followed the normal processing 

program. Cases that had not, for whatever reason, been completed, but were known to be in scope, were usually edited 

by an analyst using information obtained from one or more 

secondary sources of data. The most important source of such 

data was the Agriculture Stabilization and Conservation Service 

(ASCS) of the USDA, which has offices in every State as well 

as some 2,700 county and consolidated county offices. Several 
38 DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 

other offices of the USDA, notably the Soil Conservation 

Service (SCSl. the Extension Service (ESl. and the Farmers 

Home Administration (FmHA) were also major sources of data 

for nonrespondent farms. None of these offices or agencies of 

USDA has any legal obi igation to provide the requested 

information, but since the census data are of extreme importance in formulation of USDA estimates and Government-wide 

agricultural policies, full cooperation was extended to the 

Bureau. 

Results 

Between January and the end of November 1979, a total of 

172,217 delinquent and problem cases were referred to the 

telephone unit. Of this number, 29,532 were ultimately resolved 

by mail, 103,503 farm operators were interviewed and their 

report forms completed by telephone, and 32,558 more cases 

were completed by telephone contact with secondary sources of 

information. In addition, 11,447 incoming calls from respond· 

ents seeking assistance were handled (most of these occurred 

dunng the period January through May 1970). 

CITRUS GROWERS 

Background Information 

Reports for selected citrus caretakers in Arizona, Florida, 

and Texas were obtained for the 1978 census by direct field 

enumeration. This special procedure has been used in recent 

censuses because of the difficulty in identifying and enumerating absentee grove owners who frequently do not have the 

information available that is needed to adequately complete 

the report form. Owners often employ "caretakers" for their 

groves (a citrus caretaker is an organization or individual caring 

for, supervising, or managing citrus groves for the owners). 

These caretakers are the most reliable sources of census 

information. Individual caretakers' operations may vary considerably: some are responsible for the entire management and 

care of the groves, while others perform only selected grove 

work; few do the harvesting. 

The 1964 Census of Agriculture was the first to include a 

special field operation to collect data from citrus caretakers in 

Florida in order to improve coverage of the groves. A report 

form was completed for each caretaker, wh'o was also asked to 

provide a list of grove owners' names and addresses and the 

number of acres owned by each. The names and addresses of 

grove owners were matched to the file of completed census 

report forms to eliminate possible duplication. 

For the 1969 census, direct enumeration of the citrus caretakers was continued, despite the change to a mailout/mailback 

procedure for the general enumeration. In the 1974 census, the 

direct enumeration technique was extended to citrus operations 

in Texas, as well as in Florida. Caretakers were enumerated in 

May 1974 in Texas and in August and September 1974 in 

Florida, since these were the periods when workload in the 

groves was lightest and information from the bloom of 1973 

would be available. 

1978 Enumeration 

The fielrj enumeration of citrus caretakers for 1978 was 

further expanded to cover not only Florida and Texas, but 

Arizona as well. Staff personnel from the Bureau's Suitland 

headquarters carried out the enumeration in Texas in June 

1978, and in Florida and Arizona in September and October 

1978. For the 1969 and 1974 censuses, only the A1 agricultural 

questionnaire had been completed for each caretaker, but for 

1978, both the 78-A1 (for citrus operations only) and the 

appropriate version, or versions, of the 78-A40 agricultural 

services report form were completed by interviewers wherever 

required. In order to prevent duplication of coverage, each 

caretaker was given a "caretaker number" and was asked to 

contact his or her grove owners and inform them that they 

should mark "citrus reported by caretaker # "on any 

report forms they might receive, but to be sure to supply the 

requested data for any other agricultural operations they 

might have. In order to eliminate possible duplication, the 

list of owners' names and addresses supplied by each caretaker 

was n;1atched to the "status report list" of the regu lar census. 

Where duplicate reports were identified, the owners' citrus 

data were deleted from the file. 

In all, 135 caretakers were enumerated in the three States 

covered by the special citrus enumeration effort, accounting 

for about 8,400 grove owners, three-quarters of whom (about 

6,600) owned groves in Florida. 

1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE AREA 

SAMPLE 

Background 

Prior to 1969, agricultural censuses were conducted primarily 

through a field canvass of rural areas. In 1969, the Bureau 

adopted the "mailout/mailback" methodology, which, in effect, 

asked agricultural operators to enumerate themselves. Before 

each mail census, the Bureau constructed an address list of 

persons or businesses associated with agriculture, using as 

sou rces the adm in istrative records of the I nternal Revenue 

Service (IRS), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and 

other Government agencies and agriculture-related associations 

and organizations. The source lists were combined, identifiable 

duplicate addresses were deleted, and the remaining names and 

addresses became the mailing list for the census and were sent 

report forms to be completed and returned. 

The Bureau has routinely conducted coverage evaluations 

of the census of agriculture since 1945. These have indicated 

that neither the field enumeration nor the mail census technique 

has been able to attain complete coverage of agricultural operations. The percentage estimates of undercoverage in agriculture 

censuses over the past 25 years are as follows: 

Item 1954 1959 1964 1969 1974 

Number of farms 8.1 8,4 11.3 15,0 '10.7 

Land in farms, , 5.4 6.0 6,1 9.1 7.4 

Value of products .. INA) INA) 2,9 23.3 22.9 

NA Not available, 

1 The farm definition was changed in 1974. The estimated net undercoverage of number of farms by the 1959-1969 definition was 14,3 percent, 

2 Estimated value of products for missed farms only, 
DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 39 

A primary goal in the planning for every census has been to 

improve (;overage. When it became apparent that coverage in the 

1974censuswas little better than obtained for 1969, the Bureau 

proposed to supplement the 1978 mailing list with a directenumeration area-sample survey, large enough to produce 

reliable estimates for States, for farms not on the mailing list. 

Results from the 1970 Census of Population and Housing 

indicated that approximately 75 percent of all households 

were in urban areas (primarily places with 2,500 or more 

population) but only 7 percent of persons classified as farmers 

and farm managers lived in these areas. Thus, a sample of rural 

areas would exclude most households while including 93 percent of farmers and farm managers. This idea was further 

substantiated by the 1974 Census of Agriculture, which 

indicated that about 80 percent of all farmers lived on the 

farm operated and another 9 percent lived off the farm operated 

but in a rural area. It was decided, therefore, to select the area 

sample only from rural areas, and to use a supplement to the 

1978 Annual Housing Survey to provid~ an estimate of farm 

operators living in urban areas. 

Sample Selection 

Sample design and sampling unit-The design used for the 1978 

sample survey was a stratified one-stage area-segment sample. 

The sample unit was a defined geographic area of land, the 

area segment, which could vary in geographic size and in the 

total number of housing units and/or farms it contained, 

depending on the stratum to which it was assigned. Within each 

stratum, the area segments were so drawn as to have approximately equal numbers of farms. A farm operator and the 

associated farm (or farms) would be uniquely identified within 

a single area segment. 

Stratification and sample selection--The sampling frame for the 

area-sample survey in each State was the list of all enumeration 

districts (ED's) and block groups (equivalent of ED's in city 

areas where data were tabulated by block) from the 1970 Census of Population and Housing. This list contained ED identification and geographic and administrative codes from the 1970 

census, together with data on population, housing units, number 

of farmers and farm managers, and number of farm laborers and 

foremen as reported in the 1970 census. These data were used 

to estimate the number of farms (the larger of the counts of 

farmers and farm managers or rural farm housing units) and to 

calculate farm density (the. ratio of farms to housing units) in 

each ED. ED's then were assigned to one of six strata, based 

on the estimated farm density. The number of farms and housing units assigned to any area segment was also a function of 

farm density in the ED. The six strata are defined below: 

Segment size 

Stratum Estimated farm Desired No. Maximum No. of 

density of farms housing units 

1 .10 and above 12 120 

2 .05 to .10 10 200 

3 .02 to .05 5 250 

4 .01 to .02 2 200 

5 .005 to .01 1 200 

6 Less than .005 0 150 

Based on these data, a number of segments were assigned to 

each ED. Once stratified, and prior to sample selection, tha ED's 

were sorted by 1978 Census of Agriculture county code and 

by 1970 census tract and ED. This sort gave a sequence of ED's 

in approximate geographic order. In theory, the sample selection was a one-stage process, but in practice, two steps were 

used. Desired sample size for each stratum in the State and the 

total number of segments in the stratum universe determined 

the sampling interval, which varied among States and strata. 

The geographic sorting of ED's and the systematic sampling 

from the cumulative number of segments insured that the 

sample drawn for each State in each stratum was distributed 

fairly uniformly throughout the State. 

Once the segments were selected, the actual geographic 

areas were identified using enumerator maps from the 1970 

decennial census that showed the 1970 location of housing 

units. This information was used to divide each ED into the 

previously designated number of segments, each containing 

approximately equal numbers of housing units, and with recognizable physical or political boundaries (i.e., a road, river, 

city limit, etc.). The segments in each ED then were numbered 

consecutively in a serpentine fashion, beginning in the northeast corner of each ED. After this, the segments carrying the 

numbers previously selected for the sample were identified and 

enlarged maps of each segment selected were prepared for use 

by the enumerators. 

Data Collection 

Field procedures test-The Bureau expected the area-sample 

survey to involve 6,393 area segments encompassing an 

estimated 450,000 households, of which 60,000 to 70,000 

were expected to include agricultural operations. While preparations for the main sample enumeration continued, a test of 

proposed field enumeration procedures was carried out in the 

spring of 1978. Twenty area segments in Colorado, Iowa, South 

Carolina, and Texas were selected for the test and were canvassed by personnel from the Bureau's regional offices in the 

first week of April. No serious problems in the procedures 

were noted. 

Enumeration staff and training-The area-sample survey itself 

was supervised by the regional offices (RO's), but the canvassing 

of the 6,393 area segments across the country required a fairly 

large enumeration staff-one considerably larger than the 

Bureau's regular interviewer staff. While supervisors were 

d.r~wn from the RO's, most enumerators were recruited spe-

~lflcallY for this survey. Two training sessions for the approxImately 230 crew leaders, a 1-day session for qual ity control 

prelist training, followed later by a 4'h-day session, were carried 

out by the RO staffs in mid-September. The crew leaders in 

their turn, trained some 2,000 enumerators during the first 

week of October. 

Enumeration materials and procedures- Each enumerator was 

issued a kit that included a form 78-A 10 Enumerator's Reference Manual, a map of the segments he or she was to canvass 

(each map showed all known housing units), a map of the 

county in which the segments were located, a form 78-A3 
40 DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 

Record Book, and a supply of form 78-A 1 (A) area sample 

questionnaires. (The form 78-A 1 (A) was virtually identical in 

content to the 78A 1 (S), except that additional identification 

data were requested on page 1.) 

Enumerators were to systematically canvass their segments, 

visiting every housing unit in each segment, making corrections 

to their segment map when necessary, and asking the head of 

each household, or some other responsible member of the 

household (if the head of the household was unavailable), a 

set of screening questions from the A3 Record Book to determine whether any agricultural operations were being carried 

on by any member of the household. An entry was made for 

each household visited, with the name and address of each head 

of household as we" as the name and address of anyone else 

there who had any agricultural operations. If any agricultural 

operations were being carried on, the enumerator noted that in 

the A3 Record Book, and completed a form 78A 1 (A) questionnaire for each operation. Each operator for whom a report form 

was completed was given a form 78-A 15 "I Have Been 

Counted" sticker, with instructions to apply the sticker to any 

census report form received as part of the regular census mailout 

and to return the unfilled report to the Bureau. The sticker 

identified area-sample cases and enabled the names and addresses 

of respondents to be matched to the census mail file, so that 

respondents to the area-sample survey were not required to 

complete the mailed census form. 

The enumeration-The canvassing of the area segments began 

on October 6 and continued into December. When all segments 

had been completed, 600,000 households and nearly 100,000 

agricultural operations had been canvassed. 

Quality control coverage check-The area-sample enumeration 

included a quality control program aimed primarily at insuring 

complete coverage. Crew leaders for the enumeration staff 

prelisted 15 dwelling units from the first area segment in each 

enumerator's assignment. These 15 units were selected by 

picking three starting points at random throughout the segment, 

then listing the five consecutive housing units following each 

starting point. After each enumerator completed his or her 

first area-segment listing, the listing book was compared to 

these advance listings to check the enumerator's canvass. 

In all, 1,682 area segments were checked in this fashion. 

Based on the match of prel isted and canvassed addresses, the 

overall "miss" rate was estimated to be 3.8 percent. Budget 

constraints made it impossible to revisit any of the poorly 

canvassed area segments, so, in effect, the purpose of the check 

was primarily to let enumerators know their work was being 

checked and enable crew leaders to identify problems that the 

enumerators were having in the field. 

Processing 

General-The processing of the report forms for the 1978 

Census of Agriculture Area Sample Survey included the following operations: 

1. Receipt, check-in, and filing of enumeration materials 

2. Matching of area-sample report forms to the census mailing 

list 

3. Followup and imputation for nonresponse 

4. Clerical review, geocoding, and keying 

5. Tabulation and publication 

The initial review of the report forms from each segment was 

carried out in the field by supervisory personnel. The forms 

then were forwarded to the Bureau's Jeffersonville facility for 

processing. While much of this, particularly the keying, computer editing, and tabulation, was similar to that carried out 

for the census, some phases were significantly different. Those 

points at which the processing of the area-sample materials 

varied markedly from the regular processing cycle are discussed below. 

Receipt and check-in-AII the enumeration materials for each 

area segment-A3 record books, segment maps, completed 

report forms-were submitted for receipt and check-in of 

individual segment packages. The clerical staff at Jeffersonvi"e 

opened the packages as they arrived, checked the contents 

against the enclosed transmittal forms, and entered the date 

of receipt for each segment's materials on a listing of the segments in the sample. The segment materials then were cycled 

through a review procedure. This included the assignment of 

an area-sample CFN for each report form and the computation 

of a check digit for each CFN. Information from the A3 record 

book, which clarified any part of the A 1 (A) report forms for 

an operation, was transcribed, and page 1 of the A 1 (A) report 

form, containing all of the necessary identification information, 

was screened to insure completeness. Incomplete A1 (A)'s were 

referred to the technical review unit, while complete report 

forms were sent to the microfilm search unit. 

Matching-Since one of the major objectives of the area sample 

operation was to estimate the number and characteristics of 

farms not on the mail list, each completed report form was 

matched to the mail list and classified as "matched" or "not 

matched." Respondents whose report forms were matched to 

the mail list were deleted from the followup mail file (processing of the area sample began too late to prevent inclusion of 

such cases in the initial mailout). The report forms for cases 

matched to the mail list then were inserted into the regular 

mail-list processing operation and treated as regular respondents. 

To ensure that all possible cases were matched, a second attempt was made to match the unmatched cases. In addition, 

telephone calls were made to all of the larger farms to obtain 

additional information that might help in the matching process. 

As a result of these additional checks, most of the larger farms 

were found to be on the mail file and thus classified as matched 

cases. 

Clerical review, geocoding, and keying-After matching to the 

census mail list, each report form was assigned tabulation codes 

for the appropriate State and county. Non-match cases were 

assigned to the proper State and were given a code number for 

a "pseudo county" for tabulation purposes to provide Statelevel estimates. Since the non matched cases in each State were 

used to estimate data only at the State level, the "pseudo 
DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 41 

county" totals would provide estimates of the number and 

characteristics of farms in each State that had not been represented on the census mailing list. 

After geocoding, all of the report forms were clerically 

reviewed, and were keyed to magnetic computer tape for computer processing and tabulation. 

Computer processing, tabulation, and publication-The computer records for individual operations enumerated in the area 

sample were subjected to essentially the same computer editing 

and tabulation procedures as were used for mail respondent 

operations. The most significant difference in procedures was 

the separate tabulation for "non-match" farms. These estimates 

and the mail-list county estimates were combined to give the 

State-level estimates. 

For preliminary State publications, data were shown for the 

area sample alone and combined with estimates from the mailing list for State totals. In final State tables, totals included the 

area-sample data. County summary tables for each State included each actual county, plus data for the "pseudo" county 

enumerated in the area sample listed as "Farms not on mail 

list." 

PRECOMPUTER PROCESSING 

General Information 

The precomputer processing phase of the census program 

had four primary objectives: (1) check-in of respondent report 

forms, (2) coverage check for acreage, (3) resolution of any 

problems with the completed forms and of correspondence 

from respondents, and (4) creation of data tapes (data entry) 

for computer processing and tabulation. 

Respondents mailed their report forms to the Bureau's 

Jeffersonville office, where the precomputer processing of the 

census materials was done. Except for barcode check-in, automated sorting of the forms, and limited electronic processing 

done du ring data keying, all computer processing operations 

were carried out at Suitland. 

The precomputer processing staff's work included the receipt 

and check-in of the report forms, resolution of correspondence, 

routing of report forms and other mail to the appropriate processing unit, screening of the report forms, resolution of problem 

referrals, "2+" (two or more forms received) processing, telephone followup, data keying, and, after computer editing, 

review of the computer changes and corrections. In all, approximately 3.98 million individual cases were processed by the 

Jeffersonville operation, 2.26 million of which represented 

in-scope farms. 

Receipt and Check-in 

ratch for check-in-Correspondence, report forms, and postmaster returns (pMR's) were separated upon initial receipt and 

batched according to the most suitable type of check-in, i.e., 

barcode or keying. 

Receipts with barcodes were sorted by type of form and 

receipt (i.e., whether completed forms or PM R'sl, and batched 

into work units (WU's) of 200 report forms of one type (A 1 (S), 

A1 (Nl, A40, etc.), or 200 PMR's, each. As each WU was assembled, a check-in status code was assigned using an A402 

Check-In Work Unit Cover Sheet. These codes were as follows: 

2X Postmaster retu rn 

30 Respondent-originated correspondence 

40 Form received 

50 Out of scope 

51 Out of scope-Requests a copy of farmer's report 

7 Clerical remail 

8 Computer remail 

9 Out-of-scope recycle 

This coding system was designed so that a higher number 

superseded a lower one. Many cases, especially those involving 

PMR's and correspondence, were checked in more than once. 

These cases were considered incomplete, even if something had 

been received from the respondent, until a completed report 

form was received or the case was determined to be out of 

scope. Two types of barcode-reading equipment were used, 

a laser reader and a hand-held ruby wand pen. Bulkier packages 

and report forms that had been removed from their mailing 

envelopes because of obscured labels were checked in using 

one of eight wands, which could accommodate packages of 

varying dimensions; standard mail receipts were read by the 

mechanical laser reader, which required envelopes of uniform 

size. In either case, the work unit information was keyed for 

the batch and the barcoded CFN's were read and stored on 

tape for updating on the master address file. This file was used 

to follow up nonrespondents at selected intervals. 

Once reassembled after barcode check-in, placed in their 

plastic bags, and with the cover sheets attached, the individual 

work units were routed to the next step in the processing program. The disposition of the WU's by type, was as follows: 

Type of receipt 

A1 (S), A1 (N) and A1 (H) with 

and without correspondence 

1 st time PMR's without 

address corrections 

1 st time PMR's with address 

corrections, and 2nd time PMR 

refusals 

2nd and 3rd time "must" PMR's 

2nd and 3rd time PMR's 

PMR's with area-sample sticker 

Respondent-o rigi nated 

correspondence 

Disposition after 

barcode check-in 

State sort 

Central fi les 

Correspondence reading 

Coverage unit 

Correspondence typing 

Area Sample Survey clerical unit 

Correspondence reading 

Check-in keying-Completed report forms and PM R's that, for 

whatever reason, could not be checked in using the barcode 

readers were sorted for clerical handling into two groups, those 

with CFN's present, and those lacking CFN's. Materials with 

no CFN's were routed to the CFN researching unit, while those 

with CFN's were sent to the check-in keying unit. The latter 

were batched into work units using the same coding system 
42 DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 

employed for barcode check-in. The CFN for each report form, 

piece of correspondence, and/or PM R, as well as any address 

changes noted, were recorded on the Bureau's data entry (keyto-disk) system, with output to computer tape. The data keying 

was subjected to verification and qual ity control procedures, 

and the resultant records were transmitted to Suitland via telephone datal ink for updating the census master address file. 

Report forms rejected during keying because of faulty CFN's 

were removed from the work units, corrected, and recycled 

through keying. 

After check-in keying, work units were routed to the appropriate processing unit. 

State sort-After check-in, work units containing census reports 

were sorted by State, according to the geographic location of 

the operation. Sorting was done both manually and mechanically, but the majority of reports were sorted mechanically using 

a machine similar to the electronic check-in reader. This device 

contained 24 "sort" pockets and could be electronically controlled to use any pocket or group of pockets to hold selected 

items identified by the laser barcode reader. Sorting down to 

the State level required two passes: one pass sorted on geographic division code and the second by State code within 

division. 

Reports that could not be sorted mechanically (i.e., reports 

without bar codes or on which the bar code could not be read) 

were sorted manually using the same digits described for mechanical sorting. Using a series of nine boxes, the manual sort 

was according to the first digit of the CFN-the division code. 

After the initial division sort, reports were removed from the 

bases and sorted on the second digit, one division at a time. 

After sorting, most reports were routed to the screening or 

technical review unit, where they were placed in movable 

storage bins, by State, and held until scheduled for further 

processing. Reports from Alaska and Hawaii, however, were 

sent through final control and forwarded to Agriculture Division 

in Suitland for speCial handling. 

Census File Number Research 

The census file number (CFN) was the principal numeric 

identifier for each report form or case received and/or processed 

by the agricultural census operation, hence it was imperative 

that each case received have a CFN. Whenever a repurt form or 

piece of correspondence was received that either did not have a 

CFN or the CFN present was incomplete or wholly or partially 

obi iterated, the case was referred for resolution to a special 

CFN research unit in Jeffersonville. This unit used 16mm microfilm reading and printing equipment and two microfilm files: 

(1) a complete census universe ZIP/name control file, and (2) 

a State/name control file for each State in which the name 

control (i.e., the first four characters of individual surnames 

(or in the case of partnership or other arrangements, the first 

surname), company name, association name, etc.) was used to 

soryand list alphabetically the complete name and address for 

each case originally mailed. 

The ZIP/name control file was used if a ZIP code was present 

in the address of a referred case, otherwise the State/name control file was used. Since there were a number of names (such as 

Smith, Johnson, Green, etc.) that had the same name control, 

each such entry was reviewed and the complete addresses 

displayed for a comparison match to the record being researched. To be considered a match, the name on the correspondence or report had to be identical (i.e., contain the same 

first name, middle initial(s) (if any), and last name) to the 

microfilm equivalent, and the city, State, and other address 

elements had to be identical or very similar to that shown on 

the microfilm. 

If a CFN was found for a case, it was transcribed to the 

appropriate space on the form or to the upper right-hand 

corner of the correspondence. A copy of the CFN entry was 

made from the microfilm and attached to the correspondence 

or report form, and the materials were referred to batch ing for 

check-in. If no CFN was located, the document was annotated 

"CFN NOT FOUND." If it could not be determined whether 

11 case had been matched to the census files (e.g., because of 

incomplete address or name on the correspondence or report 

form), copies of possible CFN entries were made and the case 

was referred to the research unit supervisor for disposition. 

Area-sample materials then were referred to the area-sample 

processing unit, while all other materials were sent to the 

correspondence reading unit. 

A total of 28,150 pieces of correspondence and 15,485 

report forms were processed by this unit. Of these, CFN's 

were found for 22,064 pieces of correspondence and 11,597 

report forms. 

Clerical Screening and Review 

General Information-The clerical screening and review unit 

was establ ished in order to identify reporting errors on the 

78-A1 (N) and 78-A1 (S) report forms that affected "keyability" 

and to make the necessary corrections. The unit also extracted 

from the regular processing cycle those forms that required 

special review and handling. Materials were received by the 

screening unit primarily from the State-sort unit. All forms 

with attached correspondence were screened immediately upon 

receipt, regardless of any State priorities that were in effect at 

the moment, so that congressional cases could be quickly identified and work could begin without delay on cases requiring 

additional respondent contact. 

If the remarks or responses on any report form indicated a 

need for a form letter (e.g., a report form had been returned 

to the Bureau completely blank, or the respondent requested 

confirmation that his or her report form had been received), 

the screening clerk indicated the appropriate form letter to 

be used and forwarded the case to the correspondence typing 

subunit or, in the case of special problems, to a correspondence 

analyst. 

Report forms without correspondence attached were clerically screened on a flow basis in State-priority order. Screening 

involved deleting fractions or converting them to decimal numbers, lining through extraneous material, verifying key-code 

assignment, and ensuring the readability of the entries to be 

keyed. 
DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 43 

Screening and correction-Condit ion-action tables provided 

instructions to screening clerks for the review of the report 

forms. The general intent of the review was to make certain 

that1. Report forms with no agricultural operations were identified. 

2. If any remarks were present that required action by the 

Bureau, the action was specified. 

3. Remarks containing data were transcribed to appropriate 

data cells or were referred to technical analysts. 

4. The address label contained no unprocessed changes. 

5. The State code on the address label was consistent with the 

rest of the work unit. 

6. The geographic coding on the address label was consistent 

with the reported State and county geographic locations. 

7. Key codes were entered and/or corrected for the crop/ 

I ivestock names. 

8. Report forms with entries indicating total acreage was zero 

were referred to technical review to ascertain whether the 

addressee was a landlord only and, hence, out of scope. 

9. All cases enumerated in the area sample were referred to the 

area-sample processing unit. 

10. Data entries outside prescribed locations on the report form 

were transcribed to the proper ones. 

11. Entries obscured or illegible were either deleted (if in 

"Quantity Harvested" or if a total for a section with 

detail entries) or were referred to technical analysts. 

12. Alpha (i.e., "spelled out") data entries were converted to 

numeric entries (e.g., "five" was converted to "5," etc.). 

Verification and quality control-Each work unit submitted to 

the screening unit had to pass the verification process. Errors 

detected during verification were corrected and tallied, and 

supervisors and clerks kept informed of the number and types 

of errors detected. The report forms so subjected were reviewed 

to make certain required referrals, data entries or transcriptions, 

and necessary changes in geographic area codes (GAC's) were 

properly made. 

The verification process actually began during the training of 

the screening clerks. During their qualification period, the 

screening of the first 200 report forms by each clerk was verified on a 1 DO-percent basis. If 4 percent or fewer of these forms 

contained critical screening ·errors, the clerk was considered 

qualified and subsequent work was verified on a sample basis.! 

Records of errors and corrections required were kept on each 

screening clerk and periodically discussed between supervisor 

and clerk. When an individual clerk's error rate exceeded 4 percent, additional work was verified. If a 1 DO-percent verification 

of a run of 400 report forms screened by a clerk revealed an 

! "Critical" errors were generally those involving failure to refer a 

form when it was necessary or to accurately transcribe data or complete 

necessary screening steps. "Noncritical" errors usually involved unnecessary actions, incorrect designation of reason for referral, etc. Noncritical 

errors were tallied and brought to the attention of the clerks, as their 

continued repetition could increase operational costs. 

unacceptable error rate, the clerk was retrained. If, after retraining, the clerk's work still did not meet acceptable standards 

of error, he or she was removed. 

After qualification, each clerk's work was sampled for 

verification at a 10-percent rate. In addition, every report form 

on which a geographic code change had been marked on the 

label had the change verified as well. Each work unit was accepted or rejected based on the number of errors found in the 

sample. Accepted work units were released for further processing while rejected ones had to be completely corrected. To 

remain on sample verification, each clerk had to have at least 8 

"accept" decisions in each sequence of 10 decisions. 

Correspondence 

All census-related correspondence was handled by a correspondence unit established at Jeffersonville. The unit was 

itself divided into three subunits, dealing with (1) reading 

correspondence and responding to routine cases; (2) typing 

of address labels, letters, envelopes, etc., and handl ing referrals 

from other units; and (3) filing and followup of post-edit correspondence (pEC-i.e., repl ies from respondents to Bureauoriginated correspondence requesting more information, etc.). 

The correspondence reading subunit sorted incoming materials into those cases in which (1) the respondent claimed he 

or she had filed, but made no reference to a CFN; (2) the respondent requested a report form; and (3) all others. The first 

two groups of materials were referred to the batch unit for 

check-in keying in order to generate labels for mailing; all the 

other cases were cycled through the reading subunit, where the 

correspondence was read and the appropriate action decided 

upon. 

The appropriate action generally consisted of preparing 

and mailing the applicable form letters and/or report forms. 

The function was usually performed by the typing subunit. 

The filing and PEC followup subunit was primarily responsible 

for handling replies and followup to PEC, and file maintenance. 

The work of the correspondence unit was subjected to 

verification and quality-control measures before any materials 

were filed or released. The verification program in the reading 

unit began with an initial training period for each correspondence clerk, during which the first 100 pieces of correspondence 

processed were checked for errors on a 1 DO-percent basis. Once 

the initial training period was completed, each clerk's work was 

verified on a sample basis. When an error was detected during 

the sample verification phase, 1 DO-percent verification was 

begun once again and continued until 50 successive pieces of 

correspondence were found error-free, before returning to 

sample verification. 

Verification of the typing subunit's work was designed to 

insure an error rate of no more than 3 percent. All of the correspondence processed by each clerk during the first 5 working 

days on the job was verified at a 1 DO-percent rate. If the error 

rate for all the work involved was 3 percent or less, the clerk 

was considered qualified for sample verification. (If the error 

rate exceeded 3 percent, the clerk was kept on 1 DO-percent 

verification for another 5 working days. If the error rate still 

exceeded 3 percent, the clerk was removed from the typing 
44 DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 

operation. If the rate was 3 percent or under, he or she was 

moved to sample verification.) Clerks qualifying for sample 

verification had each day's work verified at a l-in-12 rate, 

beginning at a random start. If the error rate for any day's work 

exceeded 3 percent, the work lot was rejected and all the correspondence in that day's work lot were verified and errors 

corrected. If any clerk had more than one lot rejected in a week, 

the clerk was retu rned to 100-percent verification for requalification. If the error rate at the end of the l-week requalification 

period exceeded 3 percent, the clerk was removed from the 

typing operation. 

Some correspondence was referred to Bureau headquarters 

for handling. This included all congressional and potential 

congressional correspondence (Le., any item that indicated 

the respondent was sending a copy of the letter to a Member 

of Congress), complex problems involving multiunits, and 

unusual or difficult situations that could not be resolved using 

routine form letters. 

DUring later processing phases, the correspondence unit 

prepared letters to be sent to obtain additional information 

needed to edit or complete the report forms. These letters 

were also subject to quality control procedures. The principal 

form letters used by the unit in its day-to-day work are listed 

below: 

Form No. 

78-

A101(L) l 

A102(L) ( 

A103(L) ) 

A104(L) 

A105(L) 

A106(L) 

A107(L) 

A108(L) 

A109(L) 1 

A122(L) f 

A110(L) 

A111(L) 

Al12(L) 

Al14(L) 

Al15(L} 

Purpose 

Reply to request for extension of time for completing report form 

Grant time extension 

Request completed replacement report from 

correspondent who claims to have filed, but 

whose form cannot be found 

Request additional information (report form 

enclosed with items indicated) 

Respond to request for, legal authority for 

census; excerpts of title 13 on back page 

After review of correspondence, advise that 

report form is not necessary 

Recommend sources of assistance in completing 

report form 

Inform respondent the Bureau is unable to excuse him or her from completing report form and 

explain need for census 

Notify that correct report form is enclosed and 

request for prompt response 

Determine whether respondent had agricultural 

operations in 1978 

After review of correspondence and report form, 

advise that additional information not necessary 

Reply to refusal cases, justifying collection of 

census data and assuring confidentiality 

Form No_ 

78-

Al16(L) 

Al17(L) 

Al18(L) 

A119(L) 

A120(L) 

A121 (L) 

A123(L) 

A124(L) 

A125(L) 

A126(L) 

A 127(L) 

A128(L) 

A129(L) 

A130(L) 

A135(L) 

A136(L) 

Purpose 

Return report form for completion...Jform blank 

or nearly blank 

Respond to request for payment for completing 

report form (no payment authorized under 

census law) 

Indicate request for published data will be 

filled 

Return noncensus materials included with report 

form 

Advise additional materials sent to respondent, 

as requested 

Acknowledge receipt of report form 

Request census file number for response concerning respondent's report form 

Request census file number 

Explain need for census 

Brief description of sources used in compilation 

of the census mailing list. 

Furnish additional report form when original 

not received 

Original addressee deceased, request executor 

provide information 

Acknowledge receipt of report form 

Original addressee deceased, request respondent 

provide addi tional information 

Post-edit correspondence for deceased operator/ 

addressee cases. Successor's information needed. 

Reply to respondent who no longer had agricultural operations 

Postmaster returns (PMR's)-The correspondence unit was also 

responsible for handling PMR's and Postal Service notifications 

of address corrections. Materials were referred from check-in 

to the correspondence unit on a flow basis, presorted as follows: 

(1) A 1 first-time PM R's with address changes or "deceased" 

indicated2 ; (2) A40 first-time PMR's with address change or 

"deceased" indicated2 ; (3) follow-up letter PMR's with address changes or "deceased" indicated; (4) A1 second-time 

refusal PM R's (non-must); (5) A 1 second- and third-time PM R's 

(non-"must")3; and (6) Postal Service notifications of address 

corrections. 

The typing subunit prepared new mailing labels for remail 

to all cases where address changes or "deceased" were' indicated, 

2AII first-time PMR's without address changes or "deceased" indicated were sent to central files after check-in, Mailing labels for these 

cases were generated by computer as a result of the check-in actions 

assigned, and affixed to prestuffed packages for remail. All second 

and third-time A40 PMR's were referred to the agricultural services 

processing unit after check-in. 

3Second- and third-time "must" level PMR's were referred to the 

coverage processing unit after check-in, 
DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 45 

and to other cases designated for remailingbyan analyst. Com· 

plete packages were assembled, containing the appropriate 

report form, information sheet, return envelope, brochure, and 

transmittal letter for all cases to be remailed. New labels were 

affixed and the packages were mailed on a flow basis. The typing subunit prepared all materials that had name and/or address 

corrections, and referred them to data keying in order to update 

the mail file. 

All second- and third-time PMR's were sorted to identify 

cases with name/address changes, large cases (i.e., those with 

1974 farm sales of $40,000 or more, or 1974 acreages of 500 

or more), and special-list cases. Cases requiring name or address 

corrections were processed and remailed as described above. 

Large and special list cases were sent to the final control unit 

for referral to Suitland, as were second-time refusal PM R's. 

The remaining PMR's were sent to central files. 

The volume of first-time PM R's processed in the 1978 census 

was similar to that experienced in 1974, that is, about 355,000. 

However, there were 220,000 second-time returns, a considerable increase over the rate experienced for 1974. Th is reflected 

the inclusion for 1978 of several large I ists that contained many 

out-of-date addresses. 

Technical Review 

General procedures-The technical review unit consisted of a 

staff of technical analysts and clerks, who reviewed cases 

referred to their unit and made corrections or transcriptions as 

necessary to facilitate data-keying of the census report forms. 

In addition, cases rejected by the computer edit program were 

pulled from the computer processing cycle and the data items 

"flagged" by the computer were reviewed and corrected as 

necessary. 

Most of the workload for the technical review unit came 

from the clerical screening referrals. The technical review staff 

edited each report form, resolved any problems if possible, and 

routed on to the analysts those forms that contained problems 

it could not resolve. 

Computer-edit rejection review-The technical review unit also 

received record.s rejected by the computer format and edit 

programs because either the entire report or certain data items 

within were unacceptable and received disposition lists and/or 

batch edit listings that noted the reason(s) for failure. These 

reasons included the following: 

The census file number check digit failed. 

The county code was outside the acceptable range for its 

State. 

The form code (1H, lN, lSl, lS2, or lS3) differed from 

others in the batch_ 

An invalid State code was detected. 

A nonnumeric character (SUch as an asterisk or a slash) 

was detected in the address label code. 

An invalid area sample characteristics code was detected. 

A data item was identified, but no data responses were 

inclUded. 

Nonnumeric data were entered in a data field. 

In addition to these specific reasons for rejection, 10 or more 

item-rejection messages for a given report form would result in 

the rejection of the form. The particular reasons for rejecting 

an individual item includedMiskeying of legitimate data, or extraneous data-keying 

errcr. 

Invalid key code for the State in which the operation was 

located. 

Data outside acceptable ranges. 

Wrong date listed. 

Write-in entry out of its section. 

After reports were corrected, they were recycled through 

data keyin~. 

Edit rejects-Detailed comparisons of crop, livestock, sales, 

etc., entries were made to determine if the values were consistent. Also, checks were made to determine if respondent entries 

were within the limits established by subject-matter specialists 

for each data item. 

Rejected reports were referred to the review unit from the 

document-control area. Clerks matched the census file numbers 

on the batch edit I istings to the report forms, reviewed the 

latter and took the necessary corrective action. The corrected 

batch edit sheets were routed to the batch unit for data keying 

and were re-edited by the computer correction program. If 

the number of changes to a case was above prescribed limits, 

the report was rekeyed. 

Correspondence referral-When a problem case referred for 

technical review required followup correspondence, usually 

because a critical item or section was not reported, the clerk 

involved was to indicate on a form A404 that an A 1 06( L) 

letter was necessary, staple the A404 to the report form, and 

refer it to the correspondence typing subunit. The correspondence unit normally held the report form for one month after 

the necessary documents had been ma iled to the respondent 

concerned, and then sent the report form and the response, 

if any, back to the technical review unit. Clerks in the review 

unit then transcribed the data from the correspondence 

response to the report form, and returned the latter to the 

processing cycle. In critical cases, when a response was not 

received, telephone calls were made to resolve the problem. 

Coverage unit-The coverage unit consisted of a staff of technical analysts and statistical clerks, who reviewed the "must" 

cases, multiunits, and abnormal farms cases, and prepared 

these reports for data keying. The workload for the unit came 

primarily from the check-in unit in the form of pre-identified 

"must" and multiunit reports_ A portion of the workload also 

came from the screening unit where large acreage and/or high 

value cases were identified. All reports entering the coverage 

unit were screened and made keyable. Forms showing 10,000 

acres or more on a place, and/or showing $1 million or more 

in sales of agricultural products, were identified and referred 

to the Agriculture Division in Suitland for review. Multiunits 

were screened and the coverage unit prepared any followup 

mailings required. 
46 DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 

nata Keying 

The data-keying system-Data keying for the 1978 Census of 

Agriculture was done using an electronic key-to-disk-to-tape 

system to prepare the census data for computer processing. 

The data-keying unit at Jeffersonville employed 8 to 10 "keying 

systems," each consisting of 16 to 20 individual keying stations. 

Each station was made up of a keyboard and a cathode-ray tube 

(CRT) viewing screen that enabled the operator and supervisors 

to monitor and edit the keyed data. Each of the keying systems 

was linked to a computer disk drive serving one to four computer disks. Each of these disks had a capacity of approximately 

2.5 million characters. Programs and control instructions 

occupied about 20 percent of the total capacity of each disk, 

while the remainder was availabie for data from the census 

report forms. Since each report form required (on the average) 

about 250 characters, a disk, if used to its maximum capacity, 

might hold data for as many as 8,000 returns. In practice, the 

capacity of each disk assigned to a keying system was divided 

among the individual stations comprising that system, and a 

portion of each disk's capacity was needed to insure there was 

no overlap of entries from the different stations. 

The verification process enabled rekeyed data to be recalled 

for visual comparison to those already on the disk and, in cases 

of confl icts between data items, the appropriate report form 

would be consu Ited. When necessary, the original keying was 

corrected. Inasmuch as the verification procedures required that 

every difference in keying be checked, the need for quality 

control of the verification process was eliminated. 

After verification and correction, the data were moved 

automatically from the disk to a magnetic pooler tape containing data for only one State, and then were transmitted to the 

Suitland computer facilities by telephone datalink. As soon as 

the data were "read" at Suitland, the Jeffersonville pooler tape 

was erased and reused. To safeguard against the loss of data 

through accident or technical breakdown, the contents of each 

disk were transcribed to "systems-save" magnetic tapes every 

2 hours during the keying operation. These "save" tapes were 

held for approximately a week, or until the data they contained 

were accounted for as having been correctly read at Suitland. 

Data-keying operations-After screening and technical review, 

the report forms were batched by State into work units of 

100 forms. Separate batches were maintained for Al (N), Al (S), 

and "must" cases. A form A405 Data Keying Work Unit Cover 

Sheet was attached and the work u nit was sent on to the datakeying unit where clerks, following detailed instructions, keyed 

the entries on the work-unit cover sheet and each report form 

in the unit. For each report, data were keyed from the address 

label and from each item to wh ich there had been a response. 

As the codes and responses were keyed, certain checks were 

performed electronically in a series of data-entry edits that were 

changed according to the type of form being keyed. The purpose of thcse "input edits" was to (1) insure that check digits 

and entries in State, item, <lnd sub-item fields were valid; (2) insure that ill! identification, item code, and data-field entries 

(except the form code from the label) were numeric; (3) perform sequence ilnd valid-code checks by section for each report 

form; (4) insure data were keyed by item code; and (5) compare consecutive item codes for duplicates. 

Rejected records were referred to agriculture subject-matter 

analysts for review. (The balance of the editing of the records 

was done during computer processing.) 

After data keying and verification, the report forms were 

placed in a holding area until data were satisfactorily processed 

through the computer. Once that was accomplished, the processed forms were moved to central files for boxing and storage. 

Verification-As with the other major clerical operations in the 

census processing program, data-keying was subjected to a 

process of verification to insure that keying was complete and 

accurate. In the verification phase of the operation, attention 

was centered upon the key opera1:ors, each of whose work was 

reviewed for errors. An error was defined as (1) a keystroke 

error in keying an item code or data entry, (2) an omission, or 

(3) duplication of an item code or datum. The verification 

process was carried out in three stages, during which the key 

operators progressed through three periods-training, qualification, and process control. During the training period, each 

operator's work was verified on a lOa-percent basis. Each 

operator was to become familiar with the key structures of the 

census report forms and was to key at least three complete 

work units. Operators with a cumulative error rate for these 

three work units of 3.5 percent or less advanced to the qualification period stage, while those failing to do so were retrained. 

During the qualification period, key operators' work was verified on a la-percent basis; the specific records verified were 

selected at random from each work unit. To move on to 

process-control verification, an operator had to have a 

sequence of four successive "accept" decisions within a maximum of eight decisions. Operators failing to achieve this were 

allowed a second chance to qualify for process-control verification, but a second failure to do so meant the operator would 

not be retained. 

Successful completion of the qualification stage meant 

operators were moved into process-control verification. During 

this stage a 4-percent sample of report forms (excluding "green 

must" forms-see below) was randomly selected and verified 

from each work unit keyed. Operators had to have a minimum 

of 7 "accept" decisions in each sequence of 10, or else had to 

requalify for process control. 

At every verification point, errors detected were corrected 

before the data- were transmitted to Suitland. "Must" cases 

(form 78-A 1 (S) "green") were assigned only to keyers qualified 

for process control and were verified and corrected 100 percent. 

To maintain their standing, these "must" case keyers had to 

maintain an error rate of 2.5 percent or less. The verification 

plan was designed to allow an estimated outgoing error rate of 

no more than 2.5 percent for all records keyed. These goals 

were slightly improved upon in practice. 

COMPUTER PROCESSING 

General Information 

The use of computers to process census data has increased 

progressively from census to census, since the first automatic 
DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 47 

processing equ ipment was introduced in 1890. Wh ile a considerable amount of manual sorting, reviewing, and checking was 

done for the 1978 census, the greater part of the actual assembly, editing, and tabulation of the data was by computer at the 

Bureau's Suitland headquarters. The computer processing phase 

of the agricultural census started as soon as report forms began 

to arrive in Jeffersonville and were processed through the 

clerical screening and keying operations. The first farm records 

were processed by the computers in February 1979, and the 

operation continued until the final tabulations were completed 

in July 1981. Data were processed on a flow basis as records 

were received, although there were occasional interruptions 

in the access to the computer facil ities because of water damage 

to the computers during a mishap in August 1979. Nevertheless, 

approximately 3.2 million individual agricultural census records 

were edited; some 2.26 million of these met the Bureau's definition of a farm and were incorporated into the agricultural 

census file. 

The computer processing operation can be divided into three 

major phases: (1) formatting, (2) edit and failed-edit correction, 

and (3) tabulation of the data. These phases are described 

below. 

Formatting 

The first step in the computer processing was the formatting 

of the data into binary records that could be manipulated electronically. A computer record was establ ished for each census 

report form; each consisting of a section of variable-length data 

segments and one fixed-length segment. The fixed-length section 

contained the report form's identifying information, such as 

State and county codes; serial number; farm definition, farm 

criteria, and SIC codes; and all the other data necessary to 

create a complete, consistent, and individually identifiable 

data record. Th~ variable-length segments of each record contained a computer "word," or record segment, for each item 

reported, imputed, or changed in the record. Each data item was 

identified by the item key code associated with it on the report 

form. (For example, item 67 on the A1 form represented the 

acres of corn-fcir~grain harvested.) Data items for which nothing 

was reported or imputed contained no information and were 

omitted from the detail data record. 

The following major operations were performed during the 

computer format run: 

1. Data for crop production were converted into standard units 

of measure for those crops showing more than one such unit 

on the report form. 

2. "Landlord only" and other types of out-of-scope records 

identified during the format run were separated from the 

general data file. 

3. Invalid codes were identified and classified by type, and 

appropriate action was taken, as follows: 

a. Invalid State, county, and form codes: These records were 

printed out and dropped from the format run. The sample 

and nonsample report forms involved were corrected and 

then rekeyed. 

b. Rejected item codes. These were codes that were either 

not assigned anywhere on that particular report form or 

were valid crop item codes that were invalid for a specific 

Stare (e.g., codes tor sugarcane in Maine). For listingidentification purposes, the offending item code, the item 

code immediately preceding it, and the two item codes 

immediately following, together with all the associated 

data, were printed out. Val id item codes that appeared 

out of sequence, including duplications, were handled in 

the same way. All invalid or otherwise offending codes 

and their data were omitted from the formatted record 

and were printed out for review. Corrections then were 

made and were carried to the formatted record in a 

correction match program. 

c. Maximum acceptable rejects exceeded. The number of 

errors in any given record was limited. Once the total 

number of errors exceeded 9, the record in question was 

pulled from the formatting cycle, displayed in its entirety, 

and reviewed. Corrections were made, as necessary, to the 

appropriate report form or forms, which were then returned to the data-keying subunit and recycled through 

the processing operation. 

Computer Editing and Failed-Edit Correction 

Computer editing-Computer editing is the mechanized process 

of validating, cross-checking, and refining reported data. The 

computer processing programs for the 1978 census included 

an editing program that tested key ratios within the data for 

reasonableness and consistency. The ratios were tested by 

matching them to tolerance limits based on experience in 

previous censuses and surveys, after wh ich the computer corrected errors by rounding the individual data items, substituting 

the sum of the detail items for a reported total, or imputing 

on the basis of one of several ratios that included the challenged 

component. 

The computer programs written to perform these tasks were 

necessarily long and complex. The individual tests and checks 

comprised several thousand steps in total, although generally 

only a relatively small fraction of these were involved in the 

editing of the data from anyone report form. 

Computer edit specifications were transmitted from the 

subject-matter special ists to the computer programmers by 

means of a decision logic table (DL T), i.e., a tabular display of 

all the elements of an edit problem, from conception to solution, with flowcharts and texts attached when additional 

information was needed. About 3,000 pages of DL T's and 

related materials were needed for the computer edit of the 

standard agriculture census report forms, including several 

rounds of revisions carried out to improve precision and consistency in the edit. (An effort on a somewhat smaller scale was 

necessary to edit the various A40 forms, which were processed 

separatel y.) 

The actual computer editing was done by State. Batches 

for editing, each consisting of formatted records sorted by 

State, county, and CFN, were assembled by setting cutoff dates; 

records received during a specified period (2 weeks early in the 
48 DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 

census, but as much as 8 weeks later) became part of a single 

batch, which was then edited. The last batch was assembled 

and processed after the analysts' review of "must" cases. 

The computer edit of the standa rd report forms1. Supplied missing entries. 

2. Reconciled acres reported for individual crops with acres 

reported as total cropland. 

3. Imputed production for crops when the reported production 

was outside acceptable limits. 

4. Edited to assure consistency between and within the different sections of the report forms. 

5. Calculated and checked values for products sold, using 

average prices in each State for each production item, and 

substituted these values for reported values if the latter were 

outside acceptable limits. 

The computer edit also determined whether each record 

met the criteria for a farm or was out of scope, and coded 

(classified) the farm records according to acreage, tenure, 

value of agricultural products sold, and type of organization. 

Records that did not meet the minimum criteria for a farm 

were deleted from the data file and were transferred to an 

out-of-scope file. A list of these out-of-scope addresses was 

sent to Jeffersonville, where the clerical staff reviewed the 

related report forms to insure that they had been accurately 

keyed and correctly classified. 

The minimum criterion for meeting the Bureau's definition 

of a farm was annual sales of agricultural products of $1,000 

or more. The computer edit identified and retained, as farm 

records, data for those places that did not have, but normally 

would have, a total value of annual sales of agricultural products 

of $1,000 or more. Places not meeting the $1,000 definition 

were tested against a set of criteria designed to identify potential farms and farms that would normally meet the sales minimum but which did not because of extenuating circumstances, 

such as drought or crop failure. A set of 46 criteria codes was 

established for these farms, each code indicating the broad 

type of product (cash grains, vegetables, livestock, pastureland, 

etc.) involved, with a minimum quantity or acreage specified. 

In addition to determining whether records were in scope, 

the computer edit program also converted nonsample records 

to sample records if they met the certainty criteria. Certainty 

criteria varied by State, with sales of from $40,000 to $200 ,000 

or a minimum indicated acreage of from 1,000 to 5,000 acres. 

Institutional operations and other special cases were also included in the certainty group even if they did not meet the 

minimum criteria, as were all farm addresses in counties with 

fewer than 100 farms in 1974. When data from a nonsample 

record met the certainty criteria for the sample, the additional 

detailed information was obtained by correspondence or was 

imputed on the basis of responses from farms of sim ilar size 

in the same geographic area. Any such conversions based on 

reported sales or acreage were coded as "certainty" cases. 

Occasionally, a sample record was converted to a nonsample 

record. This usually was done if the farm in question had 

originally been sent both a sample and a nonsample form, and 

the sample name and address were retained with the nonsample 

data. A record of the changes made for these individual farm 

records was printed out periodically during the computer batch 

edit phase of the operation and was sent to Jeffersonville for 

review. 

Failed-edit correction-Once the computer edit was completed, 

the high-speed printer was used to produce a failed-edit listing 

that included a printout for each report form that had one or 

more items flagged by the edit program. This listing displayed 

the items from each form that (1) had failed the edit, (2) had 

not failed the edit but had been changed by the edit, and/or 

(3) had a referral flag. The printout for a given farm record 

occasionally ran to two or more pages, but no page contained 

items for more than one farm record. 

The failed-edit listings were sent to Jeffersonville where they 

were separated, sorted by State, placed in portfolios in lots of 

500 consecutively numbered records, and matched to the report 

form file. The listing sheets and the corresponding report forms 

then were reviewed clerically. A set of procedures was provided 

for referral of records to agricultural analysts when this was 

necessary. Disposition codes were assigned to the individual 

records, indicating the general action to be taken for each, 

as follows: 

Code 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

Action 

Make corrections-re-edit record 

Make corrections-bypass specified sections of 

the edit 

Make corrections-bypass the edit except coding 

(edit section 51), SIC coding (54), and summing (75) 

No corrections-change failed-edit flag to passed 

edit 

Delete record from file 

Change RD (referral disposition) code to 3-

make corrections and re-edit record 

Convert record from sample to nonsample, make 

corrections and re-edit record 

An item-locator code was assigned to each location within 

every farm data record where an edit failure occurred. These 

codes were used when corrections were inserted into the farm 

data file, and a file of corrections or changes, called the change 

index, was compiled. Every time an item was changed during 

processing, th is was noted in the index; ultimately, the item, 

the value of the item before the alteration, and the value as 

changed were listed on a microfilmed "universe of changes" 

file. (This "universe" was used as a review tool during the 

analytical review of the tables.) 

If no corrections were requ ired, a disposition code of 4 was 

assigned. In cases that required numerous corrections, the form 

was corrected, rekeyed, and then recycled through the computer processing operation. For most cases, corrections were 

marked on the failed-edit listing sheets and the sheets were 

batched for keying (data to be keyed were underlined). The 

corrections were keyed to tape, verified 100 fjcrcent, and trans-
DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 49 

mitted by datal ink to Suitland for a computer match to the 

data file. The corrected files were re-edited to insure that the 

corrections had been made properly and to determine whether 

further corrections were necessary. 

Final data merge-After the computer edit and the failed-edit 

corrections were completed, the corrected files for each State 

were merged into a single data file in sequential order by Stat~, 

county, and identification number. The file was then undup.llcated by matching CFN's and all duplicate records were d.lsplayed for review. Unless circumstances dictated otherwise 

(e.g., the duplicate CFN's, through some error, represented 

entirely different operations), the first of the duplicate records 

displayed was retained while the rest were deleted. The merge 

program also tallied farms by size, total value of products sold, 

and type. These tallies were used to help impute data for nonrespondents. (Imputation is discussed below.) In addition, the 

merge program identified other problem records and displayed 

them for further review and possible correction before tabulation. 

Imputation for non response-Data for non respondents were 

imputed after the data files were corrected, merged, and unduplicated. Data for a respondent within the same size group and 

county were duplicated to represent each non respondent. All 

this meant was that the data for the farm selected for duplication was counted twice, to approximate the contribution to 

the county totals that would have been made by the nonrespondent operation. 

Approximately 12 percent of all names and addresses on the 

mailing list did not respond to the census. Adjustments to 

compensate for this were made to the data at the county level, 

using a three-step procedure. First, a stratified sample of nonrespondents designed to provide State estimates was selected 

and each sample nonrespondent was mailed a short report 

form. Those not responding to the mailed form were contacted 

by telephone to determine if they operated a farm. The sample 

non respondents were classified on the basis of this survey as 

either "farm" or "nonfarm," and results of this classification 

procedure were used to estimate the number of non respondent 

'census farms in each State. (About 60 percent of the nonrespondent sample units were classified as nonfarm.) A synthetic estimator was developed to estimate the number of nonrespondents 

by size strata for each county of a State. Finally, a sample of 

respondents was selected to represent the missing nonrespondent farm operators in the census on the basis of their expected 

total value of sales as recorded on the census mail list. Farms 

with expected values of sales of up to $40,000 were candidates 

for duplication in the census data file, since most non respondent farms were in this range of value of sales. Any farm with an 

expected value of sales in excess of $40,000 was a certainty 

case and was subject to a 100-percent followup. In the rare 

instance where a response from an operation of this latter size 

could not be obtained from the operator, administrative records 

were used to estimate totals rather than impute the data using 

the usual techniques. 

Stratification and sample weighting-The use of sampling from 

the mail list introduced into the census data several elements 

that could cause substantial variation and a potential bias. 

First among these was the fact that half of the addresses on the 

mail list from which the sample was selected did not represent 

farms and were not identifiable as such at the time the sample 

was selected. Hence, both farm and nonfarm addresses were 

included in the sample. Data actually tabulated came from only 

part of the sample-those names and addresses that represented 

farms. Second, stratification by size of operation of the addresses in the sample was based on information from several 

sources of variable quality. Further, the response rate for 

addresses in the sample may have been different than for 

nonsample addresses. 

In order to improve the precision of the estimates from the 

sample, post-stratification was used to produce adjusted ~stimates. Basically, this consisted of classifying all farms Into 

relatively homogeneous strata and weighting sample farms 

within each stratum by the ratio of total farms to sample 

farms. 

Farms meeting certainty size criteria during sample selection, 

and those identified during processing as meeting similar criteria, 

were assigned to a certainty stratum. All other farms were 

assigned to 64 strata. Farms with sales of less than $2,500 were 

classified into eight size-of-farm groups (less than 10 acres, 

10 to 49 acres, 50 to 69 acres, 70 to 99 acres, 100 to 199 acres, 

200 to 259 acres, 260 to 499 acres, and 500 acres or more) 

within each of two value-of-sales groups (less than $1,500 and 

$1,500 to $2,499) and within each of two type-of-farm groups 

(crop or general farms and livestock or poultry farms). Farms 

with sales of $2,500 or more were classified into four size-offarm groups (less than 50 acres, 50 to 99 acres, 100 to 259 

acres, and 260 acres or more) within each of the four value-ofsales groups ($2,500 to $4,999, $5,000 to $9,999, $10,000 to 

$19,999, and $20,000 or more) and within each of two type-offarm groups (crop or general farms and livestock or poultry 

farms). 

Each stratum was examined and collapsed into another 

stratum if (1) the stratum contained less than 20 sample farms; 

or (2) the calculated weight for the stratum was greater than 

10 in counties sampled at a rate of 1 in 5 or greater than 4 in 

counties sampled at a rate of 1 in 2. 

The post-stratification provided weights to be assigned to 

farms in each of the final collapsed strata such that the total 

of the weights for sample farms in the stratum would be equal 

to the total number of farms in the stratum. 

Estimates were prepared for items in sections 22 through 27 

of the report form by multiplying the data for each item for 

each farm in the sample by the weight assigned to the farm. 

The weight for a certainty farm was 1. 

Tabulating and Reviewing Data 

General information-After the records had been edited, corrected, and merged, the data were ready for tabulation. The 

individual records were tabulated by computer into detailed 

data matrices, each containing over 12,000 different items that 

were designed to provide the basic data input for most of the 

data tables drawn from the 1978 Census of Agriculture. Analytical tabulations were prepared, using these matrices, in a 
50 DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 

detailed format by county, to aid in locating problems in the 

preliminary data. After the tabulations were reviewed and the 

farm records had been corrected, a special tabulation run was 

made of corrected records both before and after correction. 

The data from the uncorrected records were subtracted from 

those for the corrected records, and the resultant net totals 

were merged into the data matrices. The corrected matrices 

were used as the data source for the preliminary reports, the 

major results reports, and for the review copies of the tables 

for volume 1. State-level cross-tabulations were not run until 

the final volume 1 corrections were completed; a separate 

computer pass of the data records was required for these crosstabulations. 

Analytical tabulations-All of the items reported on individual 

report forms were tabulated for each county and State, for 

all farms, and for farms with sales of $2,500 or more. Comparable historical data drawn from the 1974 census final reports 

were included in the tables for use in reviewing the accuracy 

and completeness of the 1978 data. The analytical tables 

served as the basic documents for review by Agricultu re Division staff. A substantial amount of related check data, most 

of it from USDA estimates, was also used in the review. Detailed 

criticisms of questionable data were prepared and were transmitted, together with suggested remedial action, to the Jeffersonville staff. 

Prior to these transmissions, representatives from USDA's 

Economic Statistics Service's (ESS) State offices also reviewed 

the analytical tables and criticism sheets prepared by Agriculture Division staff. The ESS reviewers indicated which criticisms 

they considered unnecessary, offered additional or alternative 

solutions to identified problems, and added comments and/or 

criticisms on problems or potential problems not identified by 

the Agriculture Division review. 

Criticisms arising from the review of these materials were 

acted upon by the Jeffersonville staff; the actions taken 

included1. Review criticisms and suggested actions made by the Agriculture Division staff and by ESS State representatives. 

2. Verify the validity of data questioned in the criticisms submitted, or make necessary corrections to the data. 

3. Obtain reports from farm operators for places that had not 

been included in the tabulations. 

4. Correct data-keying, reporting, and processing errors. 

5. Identify and eliminate duplicate records not previously 

detected by matching CFN's. 

6. Assign correct State and county code numbers for large 

operations to ensure that these operations were tabulated 

in the proper State and county. 

County data corrections-When the review of the analytical 

tables was completed, corrections were made to individual farm 

records in the same way as they had been after the initial computer edit. These corrections were reviewed by the Agriculture 

Division staff for accuracy and to ensure that the data criticisms 

were satisfied. The prel iminary reports then were tabulated and 

reviewed. If any additional corrections were necessary, the data 

were changed by computer, or hand corrections were made to 

the tabulation printouts. The data file was corrected as often 

as necessary to ensure its accuracy. 

Tabulations for counties, States, divisions, regions, and the 

United States-County and State tables were drawn from the 

matrices and State cross-tabulations were prepared directly 

from the data file. Data for divisions, regions, and the United 

States were obtained by summing data from the State matrices. 

The historical data for the 1978 tables were taken from the 

1974 computer matrices. 

Final disclosure analysis-The Bureau of the Census is prohibited by law from publishing data that could be used to identify 

individual respondents to any of its censuses or surveys. To insure that confidentiality is maintained, all data tables are completely reviewed (disclosure analysis) before they are released 

for publication. While part of the analysis of the 1978 data was 

done by computer, the computer programs were incapable of 

completing the entire analysis and much of it had to be done 

by statisticians. Essentially, this involved the identification and 

suppression of figures that (1) would result in direct disclosures, 

or (2) could be used to reveal information about individual 

operations by derivation (e.g., adding or subtracting a published 

subtotal from a published total would expose individual data). 

At the county level, for a county with fewer than 10 farms, 

no data were released at all because of the possibility of disclosure of individual information. 

The established guidelines usually set a lower limit on the 

number of farms that must report data for an item before those 

data would be released for publication. If more than the minimum required number of farms reported an item, the data could 

be published, unless comparison of different tables could result 

in disclosing that one or two farms had a very large percentage 

of the total. Exceptions in the application of these rules were 

made, but generally only for the very large specialty operations 

-e.g., poultry, feedlots, greenhouses, etc.-any of which might 

easily be identified as a specific farm, but whose absence from 

the counts would grossly distort the data. Publication of the 

number of farms reporting an item was not in itself considered 

a disclosure; only ~elated information about the item was 

su pp ressed. 

Several of the tables contained the same information arranged according to a different classification, so that when it 

was necessary to suppress a figure in one table, it would also 

be necessary to check other tables and suppress it in them as 

well. Similarly, when it was found necessary to suppress an item 

in one of the county tables, all of the tables for the county had 

to be reviewed and the item in question had to be suppressed 

in all of them. 
GENERAL INFORMATION 

Background 

Until the late 1960's, when the 1969 Census of Agriculture 

was planned, it had been generally assumed that except for 

such obvious things as grain combining (in some States) and 

the services of a veterinary, farmers provided most of their own 

special services-fertilizing, cultivating, harvesting, bookkeeping, 

and so on. While the Bureau of the Census has been conducting 

an annual survey of cotton ginning since the 19th century (and 

continues to do so), little was done to collect data on the 

growth of businesses concerned specifically with providing 

services to farm operators. However, following World War II, 

agricultural services became an increasingly specialized and 

separate industry, closely involved with, and important to, 

agricultural production. The changes in agriculturally oriented 

technology and science and the rapid growth of "agribusiness" 

directly contributed to the development and differentiation of 

agricultural service industries. 

The 1969 Census of Agriculture was the first in which the 

Bureau of the Census employed the mail-out/mail-back methodology and also the first to include a census of agricultural 

services. This special census was inaugurated because of the 

growing need for data on th is new and expanding part of the 

agricultural economy. The area of the new enumeration 

consisted of the standard industrial classification (SIC) major 

group 07, agricultural services, which included establishments 

primarily engaged in supplying agricultural services for others 

on a fee or contract basis .. For 1974 and 1978 this major group 

was subdivided into the following services: Soil preparation 

(group 071), crop (072), veterinary (074), animal, except 

veterinary (075), farm labor and management (076), and landscape and horticultural (078). These groups covered such 

services as cotton ginning; grain grinding and mixing (custom); 

combining; picking, sorting, grading, and packing of fruits and 

vegetables; animal hospitals for livestock; and animal breeding 

and artificial insemination. 

For 1974 and 1978, supplemental data were collected from 

farm operators on receipts for agricultural services on the standard agricultural census report forms, while, for cotton ginning, 

additional data were compiled from the reports collected during 

the ginning season each year. Operations identified in the census 

of agriculture as having a significant volume of receipts and 

51 

Chapter 5. 

1978 Census 

of Ag ricu Itu ra I 

Services 

primarily engaged in providing agricultural services were transferred to the census of agricultural services. The addresses of 

such operations were matched to the existing agricu Itu ral 

services census mailing list to eliminate duplications prior to 

their being added to the latter. 

Definition of an Agricultural Service Establishment 

The 1978 Census of Agricultural Services, like those for 

1969 and 1974, was conducted on an establishment basis. For 

census purposes, an agricultural service establishment was 

defined as an economic unit primarily engaged in performing 

services, for a fee or on a contract basis, in any of the following 

activities covered by SIC major group 07 1 : 

Industry 

subgroup 

071 

072 

Detailed 

industry 

0711 

0721 

Description 

Soil Preparation Services 

Soil Preparation Services: Establishments 

primarily engaged in land breaking, plowing, 

application of fertilizer, seed bed preparation, 

and other operations for improving the soil. 

Crop Services 

Crop Planting, Cultivating, and Protection: 

Establishments primarily engaged in performing a variety of crop planting, cultivating, 

and protection operations. Establishments 

primarily engaged in complete citrus grove 

maintenance are classified in Industry 0762, 

and those providing a combination of services 

from soil preparation through harvest are 

classified in Industry 0729. 

0722 Crop Harvesting, Primarily by Machine: 

Establishments primarily engaged in mechanical harvesting, picking, and combining of 

crops, and related actiVities, using machinery 

provided by the service firm. Farm labor 

contractors providing personnel for manual 

harvesting are classified in Industry 0761. 

I Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and 

Budget, Statistical Policy Division, Standard Indust~ial Classification 

Manual, 1972 (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 

1972). pp. 25-27. 
52 

Industry 

subgroup 

074 

075 

Detailed 

industry 

0723 

0724 

0729 

0741 

0742 

0751 

0752 

1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURAL SERVICES 

Description 

Crop Preparation Services for Market, Except 

Cotton Ginning: Establishments primarily 

engaged in performing a variety of operations 

on crops subsequent to their harvest, with 

the intent of preparing them for market or 

further manufacture. Establishments primarily 

engaged in stemming and redrying of tobacco 

are classified in Industry 2141. 

Cotton Ginning: Establishments primarily 

engaged in ginning cotton. 

General Crop Services: Establishments pri· 

marily engaged in providing a combination of 

services from soil preparation through harvest, 

except farm labor and management services 

which are classified in Group 076. 

Veterinary Services 

Veterinary Services for Livestock, Except 

Animal Specialties: Establishments of licensed 

practitioners primarily engaged in the practice 

of veterinary medicine, dentistry, or surgery, 

for cattle, hogs, sheep, goats, and poultry. 

Establishments of licensed practitioners pri· 

marily engaged in treating all other animals 

are classified in Industry 0742. 

Veterinary Services for Animal Specialties: 

Establishments of licensed practitioners pri· 

marily engaged in the practice of veterinary 

medicine, dentistry, or surgery, for animal 

specialties. Animal specialties include horses, 

bees, fish, fur-bearing animals, rabbits, dogs, 

cats, and other pets and birds except poultry. 

Establishments of licensed practitioners primarily engaged in veterinary medicine for 

cattle, hogs, sheep, goats, and poultry are 

classified in Industry 0741. 

Animal Services, Except Veterinary 

Livestock Services, Except Services for Animal 

Specialties: Establishments primarily engaged 

in performing services, except veterinary, for 

cattle, hogs, sheep, goats, and poultry. Dairy 

herd improvement associations are also 

included in this industry. Establishments 

primarily engaged in the fattening of cattle 

are classified in Industry 0211. Establishments 

engaged in incidental feeding of livestock as 

a part of holding them in stockyards for 

periods of less than 30 days (generally in the 

course of transportation) are classified in 

Industry 4789. Establishments primarily 

engaged in performing services, except veterinary for animals except cattle, hogs, sheep, 

goats, and poultry are classified in Industry 

0752. 

Animal Specialty Services: Establishments 

primarily engaged in performing services, 

except veterinary, for pets, equines, and 

other animal specialties. Establishments 

primarily engaged in performing services 

other than veterinary for cattle, hogs, sheep, 

goats, and poultry are classified in Industry 

0751. 

Industry 

subgroup 

076 

078 

Detailed 

industry 

0761 

0762 

0781 

0782 

0783 

Description 

Farm Labor and Management Services 

Farm Labor Contractors and Crew Leaders: 

Establishments primarily engaged in supplying 

labor for agricultural production or harvesting. 

Establishments primarily engaged in machine 

harvesting are classified in Industry 0722. 

Farm Management Services: Establishments 

primarily engaged in providing farm management services, including management or 

complete maintenance of citrus groves, 

orchards, and vineyards. Such activities may 

include cultivating, harvesting, or other 

specialized activities, but establishments 

primarily engaged in performing such opera· 

tions without management services are classified in the appropriate specific industry 

within Group 072. 

Landscape and Horticultural Services 

Landscape Counseling and Planning: Estab· 

lishments primarily engaged in performing 

landscape phinning, architectural, and 

counseling services. 

Lawn and Garden Services: Establishments 

primarily engaged in performing a variety 

of lawn and garden services. 

Ornamental Shrub and Tree Services: EstabI(shments primarily engaged in performing a 

variety of ornamental shrub and tree services. 

Establishments primarily engaged in fo'restry 

services are classified in Major Group 08. 

In order to be "primarily engaged," an establishment must have 

received at least 50 percent of its gross receipts from such 

activities during calendar year 1978. For cases in which no 

single activity accounted for 50 percent of gross receipts, the 

largest source must have been from agricultural services. 

It is important to note that various changes have taken place 

in the structure of the SIC system which affect the comparability of data from census to census. For example, in 1969, establishments primarily engaged in hatching poultry for their own 

account or on a contract basis, and cattle feed lots operated on 

a contract or custom basis, were classified as agricultural service 

establishments according to the 1967 SIC manual. In 1974, 

however, these establishments were classified as farms according 

to the 1972 SIC manual and were excluded from the agricultural service census. As a result of the 1977 supplement to the 

1972 SIC manual, grist mill operations, hay or alfalfa cubing 

establishments, and custom flour, feed, and grain milling establishments, all of which were included in previous agricultural 

service censuses, were deleted from the major group 07 and, 

therefore, were excluded from the 1978 census. On the other 

hand, with the addition of irrigation system operation services 

to the major group 07, data for this agricultural service activity 

are available from the 1978 census. 

Also affecting data comparability between censuses is the 

$2,500 minimum limit on dollar volume of business placed on 
1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURAL SERVICES 53 

agricultural service establishments in 1978; since there was no 

satisfactory source list for these small establishments, complete 

coverage was not obtained, and, consequently, no attempt was 

made to include these establ ishments in the final tabulations 

of the 1978 census. 

Scope of Census 

The census of agricultural services was conducted by mail 

and covered the 50 States and the District of Columbia, and 

attempted to include every establishment meeting the Bureau's 

definition of an agricultural services operation and active during 

the census year. 

The census was primarily concerned with the business 

characteristics of the establishments enumerated. The basic 

data requested included type of business, type of organization, 

gross receipts in 1978, payroll, number of employees, supplemental labor costs, capital expenditures, changes in value 

of depreciable assets, and expenditures for energy. 

Planning 

Planning and preparation for the 1978 census began well 

before the 1974 census was completed, and work on the enu· 

meration continued into 1980. All this was integrated into the 

overall agriculture census operation, particularly with respect 

to assembly of the address list, preparation of the mailing 

packages, and mailout. Nevertheless, considerable independence 

was required in such areas as design of report forms and writing 

of processing and tabulation procedures. 

Report Forms 

Data from various source lists used in the compilation of the 

mail list for the 1978 census enabled the Bureau to identify 

agricultural service operations and, within broad categories, to 

determine the type of services provided as well. For the 1974 

census, a single report form, the A40, was used for all a~ricultural service operations. Each addressee was asked to go through 

the entire form and complete those sections applicable to his 

or her operation. In order to reduce respondent burden in the 

1978 census, the Bureau used several specialized data-collection 

forms, each type including a section with gross-receipts inquiries 

tailored for easier response from specific industry groups. All 

report form types contained a core of generalized inquiries 

addressed to all agricultural service establishments. 

A total of four forms were used: the A40 versions A, B, C, 

and D. The A40A was 'sent to addresses representing soil 

preparation services, crop services, and cotton ginning. The 

A40B covered veterinary and animal services and the A40C 

enumerated landscape and horticultural services, while the 

A40D was a generalized form covering all types of agricultural 

services. 

All four report forms were identical in format: Sections 1 

through 7 requested general business data, i.e., type of business 

or activity, employer identification number (EIN), type of 

organization, period operated in 1978, dollar volume of 

bUsiness, payroll, and supplemental labor costs. Sections 9 

through 16 were also standardized, requesting information on 

the geographic location of services performed; labor and payroll 

for services performed; gross receipts trom products provided 

in connection with services performed; other operations per· 

formed; capital expenditures (excluding land and mineral 

rights); changes in gross value of depreciable assets; expend itu res 

for electricity, gasoline, petroleum, and other fuels; checks to 

assure completeness of the form; and the signature and telephone number of the person completing it. 

Section 8, "Gross Receipts For Services Performed," varied 

in content with each version. In version A, section 8 was divided 

into four subsections. The first three subsections requested 

gross receipts for soil preparation services (plowing, harrowing, 

fertilizer spreading, and weed control before planting, etc.) and 

the number of acres serviced; crop services (planting, cultivating, 

harvesting, preparation for market, cotton ginning) and the 

number of acres and/or bales of cotton serviced; and other 

agricultural services excluding soil preparation and crop servo 

ices. The fourth subsection asked for the sum of the three 

previous subsections or total gross receipts. In version B, section 

8 was similarly divided, but into subsections on veterinary servo 

ices, animal services except veterinary services (artificial 

insemination, livestock vaccination, boarding, showing or 

training, etc.), other agricultural services excluding veterinary 

and animal services, and the sum of the three previous subsections or total gross receipts. In version C, section 8 had only 

three subdivisions-landscape and horticultural services (counseling and planning, lawn and garden services, ornamental tree 

and shrub services, etc.), other agricultural services excluding 

landscape and horticultural services, and the sum of the two 

previous subsections or total gross receipts. Version D included 

all the other three versions' section 8 subd ivisions plus a subsection on farm labor and management services. 

The layout and general arrangement of all four versions of 

the A40 were identical. All were 14" x 21" sheets folded to 

14" x 10%" with a left-hand fold. Printing was in black ink on 

white stock, but each version was shaded with a different 

color ink as an aid in sorting and identification-version A in 

light blue, version B in pink, version C in salmon, and version D 

in lavender. Separate instruction sheets for each version, printed 

in black ink on colored stock to match each version's shading, 

were included with the forms. 

Mail List 

The mail list for the 1978 Census of Agricultural Services 

was assembled from census records and from accessible records 

of other Government agencies. Specifically, the Internal 

Revenue Service supplied lists of persons and/or organizations 

who had filed form 1040 Schedule C (individual proprietorships), form 1065 (partnerships), or form 1120 or 1120S 

(corporations), and who were identified from these reports as 

agricultural service operations, as well as a list of agricultural 

service establishments filing employer's tax form 941 or 943. 2 

In addition, various trade associations representing different 

agricultural service industry groups provided membership lists 

of their organizations. 

'IRS form 941 (Employer's Quarterly Tax Return -for Non-Agricultural Employees); IRS form 943 (Employer's Annual Tax Return for 

Agricultural Employees). 
54 1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURAL SERVICES 

Altogether, the initial address list for the census of agricultural services contained over 700,000 names and addresses. 

This list was unduplicated with the main census list in the fall 

of 1978, and was reduced to 353,000 names and addresses. 

Data from these source lists, as well as from the in-scope 

1974 Census of Agricultural Services list, were used to identify 

agricultural service operations by activity in order to determine 

the form version to be mailed to each address; addresses for 

which the primary activity could not be determined were sent 

the D version of the A40 report form. 

ENUMERATION 

Initial Mailout 

The final address list for the 1978 Census of Agricultural 

Services contained over twice as many names and addresses 

as were on the 1974 list and over four times as many as on the 

first agricultural services list used for the 1969 census. Some 

8,000 cases on this final list were considered of questionable 

status and were withdrawn for further checks and confirmation 

of activity. The slightly truncated mail list was then used in the 

production of mailing address labels. The mailout packages were 

assembled and the address labels appl ied at the Bureau's 

Jeffersonville, Ind., facility. All of the packages carried thirdclass postage except those for Alaska and Hawaii, which were 

sent by first-class mail. Each mailing package contained the 

appropriate report form (A40A, A40B, A40C, or A40D), a file 

copy of the form for the respondent's records, an information 

sheet providing instructions for completing the form, a cover 

letter requesting prompt response, and a return envelope. 

The initial mailout for the census of agricultural services 

was made from Jeffersonville during the week of January 15, 

1979. The total number of each type of report form mailed 

was as follows: 

Report form 

Total 

A40A 

A40B 

A40C 

A40D 

Number mailed 

344,953 

24,801 

116,316 

129,435 

74,401 

The vast majority of the addresses on the agricultural services 

mail list represented individual establishments, but 3,369 were 

constituent establ ishments of about 2,251 identified multiunit 

companies. For the purpose of data collection these cases 

were handled the same way as the single-unit addresses. 

Followup Mailings 

The agricultural services enumeration includecl six followup 

mail ings. The closeout date for response to the initial mailing 

was February 13, after whrch computer tapes listing CFN's 

of cases checked in were matched against the mailing list a;:d 

the nonrespondent addresses were used to create the mail list 

for the first followup. Address labels were produced during the 

week following the closeout. (A similar procedure was 

employed after each followup mailing.) The first followup to 

the agricultural services census consisted of a form letter 

A40(L3) requesting that the addressee respond and offering 

help if needed. The second consisted of the appropriate report 

form and a cover letter (A40(L4)). Additional letters were sent 

in the third, fifth, and sixth followups, while the report forms 

were again sent to nonrespondents in the fourth followup. The 

details of these mailings were as follows: 

Closeout date 

(1st) Feb.13 

(2nd) Mar. 13 

(3rd) Apr. 3 

(4th) May 1 

(5th) May 22 

(6th) June 26 

Materials mailed 

Followup letter L3 

(in A40A through 

A40D versions) 

Report form - total 

Followup letter L4 

(in A40A through 

A40D versions) 

A40A 

A40B 

A40e 

A40D 

Followup letter L5 

(in A40A through 

A40D versions) 

Report form - total 

Followup letter L6 

(in A40A through 

A40D versions) 

A40A 

A40B 

A40e 

A40D 

Followup letter L 7 

(in A40A through 

A40D versions) 

Followup letter A40-

L8 (general version 

sent to all form types) 

Number mailed 

234,852 

162,997 

12,422 

54,340 

59,630 

36,605 

145,958 

103,442 

8,684 

33,290 

37,510 

23,958 

94,031 

66,632 

Postmaster returns (PMR's), approximately 30,000 cases in. 

all, were remailed in the second followup only. 

Supplemental Mailing 

By the second week of March the status of the 8,000 cases 

held from the initial agricultural services mail list had been 

confirmed to justify including them in the census. Accordingly, 

a supplement to the census mailing was done. Basic procedures 

were identical to those employed in the census, except that the 

periods between the closeout dates were narrowed sl ightly to 

shorten the total enumeration period, and a different set of 

followup letters was used. The mailing packages for each followup were similar to those used in the census. The volume of 

mailings for the initial mailout and each followup were as 

follows: 
1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURAL SERVICES 55 

Closeout date 

(lntial mailout)-

Mar.13 

(1st) Apr.10 

(2nd) May3 

(3rd) May 23 

(4th) June 19 

(5th) July 10 

(6th) Aug. 2 

Materials mailed 

Report forms - total 

A40A 

A40B 

A40C 

A40D 

Transmittal letter 

A43-L2S (general 

version sent with all 

form types) 

Followup letter A43-

L3S 

Report forms - total 

(No counts by type 

available) 

Followup letter A43-

L4S (general version 

sent with all form types) 

Followup letter A43-

L5S 

Report forms - total 

(No counts by type 

available) 

Followup letter A43-

L6S (general version 

sent with all form types) 

Followup letter A43-

L7S 

Followup letter A40-

L8 

Telephone Followup 

Number Mailed 

7,985 

923 

2,990 

2,035 

2,037 

6,806 

5,219 

3,599 

2,886 

2,137 

1,581 

Each of the addresses on the agricultural services mail list 

was size-coded by an expected gross value of receipts, based on 

administrative or historical records. Since large operations 

represent a major share of the economic activity in the service 

sector, the Bureau believed their inclusion in the census totals 

was imperative if the data were to present a valid statistical 

picture. Accordingly, after the June 26th cutoff date for the 

last regular mail followup, 2,400 of the non respondent cases 

with expected receipts of $40,000 or more ("must" cases) 

were referred to Agriculture Division analysts in Suitland for 

enumeration by telephone. 

An additional telephone followup, of a 1-in-10 random 

sample of other nonrespondent cases, was also initiated, using 

the Bureau's regular telephone staff at the Jeffersonville, Ind., 

facility. Also, as processing of the agricultural service report 

forms progressed, problem cases-those with incomplete or 

inconsistent entries, or with other problems not covered in the 

Bureau's editing and processing instructions-were drawn out 

of the processing cycle for resolution by telephone and referred 

to the Suitland and Jeffersonville telephone staffs for followup. 

Between early Juiy and the end of October 1979 the Jeffersonville staff enumerated 2,601 nonrespondent cases and handled 

525 problem cases. The Suitland analysts completed report 

forms by telephone for the 2,400 "must" cases and resolved 

an additional 1.189 problem cases referred to them from the 

overall workload in Jeffersonville. 

Results 

The results of the census revealed that while the source lists 

obtained from other agencies identified operations as belonging 

to SIC group 07 (agricultural services), many of these did not, 

for one reason or another, meet the Census Bureau's criteria 

for an establishment engaged primarily in providing agricultural 

services. The final response rate for the 1978 Census of Agricultural Services was approximately 83 percent; report forms were 

received by the Bureau for about 293,000, out of 352,938 

cases mailed. Of these, 93,120 were in-scope and contributed 

to the census tabulations. 

DATA PROCESSING 

Precomputer Processing 

Receipt and check-in-The first step in processing the data from 

the census of agricultural services was the receipt and check-in 

of the report forms and any correspondence related to the 

census. Th is was necessary to establ ish and maintain control of 

the forms, and to identify respondents' operations Sl) their 

addresses could be deleted from the mail or telephone followup 

files. This phase of the operation was carried out by the staff 

of the Bureau's Jeffersonville, Ind., facility, and involved 

sorting out report forms with correspondence attached, postmaster returns (PMR's), and duplicates or mUltiple returns. 

The census file numbers (CFN's) from the report forms received 

were keyed to magnetic computer tape, and then were matched 

to the agricultural services address list. Nonrespondent addresses 

were selected for followup mail ing. (PM R cases were also 

subjected to followup action.) This operation was repeated 

after each mailing cutoff date until the data-collection effort 

was closed out in August 1979. 

Report forms with correspondence, multiple responses, and 

other problems were referred to the correspondence unit and/or 

to agricultural analysts. 

Correspondence-The correspondence subunit of the agricultural services processing unit handled cases involving respondentoriginated correspondence, Bureau-originated correspondence 

(concerning agricultural services). report forms with remarks 

or attached correspondence (e.g., copies of letters to congressional representatives, financial records, etc.), and correspondence referrals from other units. 

Correspondence referred to the subunit was read by correspondence clerks on a first-in/first-out basis. When there 

was doubt as to how an individua: case should be handled, it 

was referred to an agricultural services specialist; otherwise the 

correspondence was read, problem-resol ution procedures were 

consulted, and proper action was initiated. When the action 

indicated in the procedures was taken, the clerk 'annotated the 

top of the report form and/or correspondence with what had 

been done before sending it on to the next appropriate process-
56 1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURAL SERVICES 

ing subunit. To aid the clerks in responding to problems 

presented by correspondence, a set of over 30 form letters 

and a manual of standardized paragraphs for insertion into 

tailored letters, addressing common and not-so-common problems, were prepared for the correspondence subunit. 

Clerical screening and coding-The clerical screening and coding 

procedures were used to spot and reduce potential data-entry 

problems, identify and separate selected cases for further 

review, and ensure that each report form was properly and 

thoroughly prepared for keying and computer processing. 

A staff of clerks, technical assistants, and statisticians in Jeffersonville and at Bureau headquarters in Suitland, Md., carried 

out the screening and coding on a flow basis as the report 

forms arrived. After check-in, report forms were sent to the 

screening subunit and sorted by type of form before screening. The clerical staff processed the report forms by performing 

the following tasks: 

1. Reviewing the report forms to select those with problems 

requiring technical review (insufficient or questionable 

responses, apparently out-of-scope, etc.). 

2. Deleting entries such as "same," "ditto," etc., where referring to a numeric entry, and entering the numeric. 

3. Converting spelled-out alpha entries to numeric (e.g., "five" 

to "5", etc.). 

4. Referring to Agriculture Division analysts in Suitland all 

report forms for operations with estimated total receipts 

of $100,000 or more. 

5. Checking geographic area codes (GAC's) on labels against 

section 9 (Location of Services Performed) of the report 

form and referring those forms with errors for corrections. 

The clerical screening staff was provided with a guide listing 

the problems most often encountered and the corrective actions 

to be taken. Problem cases were referred to the technical 

screening unit, where the technical staff carried out the following tasks: 

1. Confirmed the status of possible out-of-scope report forms. 

Unresolved forms were referred to Suitland for further 

analysis. 

2. Reviewed forms for indicated double entries, bracketed 

entries, and suspected multiunit status, and initiated the 

corrective action. 

3. Resolved some of the inconsistent and/or incomplete forms 

by following a set of problem-resolution procedures. 

4. Reviewed each section designated for technical review by 

the clerical screening unit and made whatever corrections 

were necessary and appropriate. 

5. Referred to Agriculture Division analysts for professional 

review any cases that could not be resolved using the technical review procedures. 

The professional staff of the Agriculture Division at the 

Bureau's Suitland headquarters was responsible for the resolution of problem cases and the followup of incomplete report 

forms. About 15,500 "must" and problem cases were referred 

for resolution. 

Keying the data-After work units were screened, edited, and 

coded, they were passed on to the data keying staft The data 

from each report form were keyed directly to magnetic 

computer tape. The work of each keying operator was verified 

on a sample basis to ensure a specified level of accuracy among 

the keying staff. (See p. 46 for details of the quality controls-l 

Corrections to records that had been rejected by the computer 

edit were also made by rekeying the corrected records for 

subsequent re-editing. 

Once keyed onto computer tape, the data were transmitted 

to the Bureau's main computer facility at Suitland for computer 

editing and tabulation. 

Computer Processing 

Editing-The computer processing program for the 1978 Census 

of Agricultural Services was designed to perform certain tests 

and comparisons involving k~y ratios within the data, such as 

the acres serviced and the cost per acre for the services 

performed. These ratios were tested by comparing them to 

tolerance limits based on data from previous censuses and from 

current agriculture-related publications. As in the agriculture 

census, computer corrections of errors were made by (1) 

rounding, (2) substituting the sum of detail items for an 

inconsistently reported total, and/or (3) imputing items on the 

basis of one of several ratios in which the questioned component was contained. 

During the computer edit process, records that met the 

criteria for an agricultural service establishment were retained 

and were assigned specific numeric codes according to characteristics, such as gross receipts and SIC type. Those records 

that did not meet the criteria were dropped from the data file 

and were transferred to the out-of-scope file. 

Correction program-After the computer edit, case listings were 

produced by high-speed printer for each report form that had 

one or more items fail the edit program. These listings displayed 

the items for each form that had either failed to edit altogether 

or had been changed by the edit program. Each page of the 

listing contained all the failed or altered items for one establishment. 

The failed-edit listings of all flagged items were analyzed by 

the Agriculture Division's professional staff at Suitland between 

October 1979 and January 1980. As each case was analyzed, 

an action code was assigned, and the case was either returned to 

the processing program or was deleted from the files. The codes 

and the actions taken were as follows: 

Code 

4 

5 

6 

Action 

Mark corrections-re-edit record 

No corrections-change fail-edit flag to passed 

edit 

Delete record from file 

Make corrections-bypass edit· 
1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURAL SERVICES 57 

Tabulation of the data-The basic plan for the final publication 

tables was developed during the initial planning stages of the 

agricultural service census. Revisions based on working experience were made to the plans throughout the processing stage 

of the operation. 

After the computer "runs" of the edit and correction programs were completed, the data were ready for tabulation. 

The Generalized Tabulation System (GTS) software program 

was used for the agricultural services census data, and crosstabulations of preliminary data were produced by county, 

State, region, the United States, type of organization, and SIC 

code. The preliminary totals were reviewed, using previous 

census and other check data, to determine whether totals for 

a particular item were questionable. 

This table review was intended to reduce the workload of 

post-tabulation adjustments to the data, although it was 

anticipated that further adjustments to the tables would 

be necessary to avoid disclosure of information about individual 

establ ishments. When errors were detected during the review, 

corrections were annotated and were keyed for transfer to the 

computer records. 

All tabulations were examined to ensure that the data were 

reasonable and consistent. The preliminary tabulations review 

took place at the Suitland headquarters in April and May 1980, 

while a final review of tabulations occurred in July and August 

of that year. Agriculture Division clerks checked the tabulations, located the report forms that had to be reviewed in 

connection with problems in the tabulations, reviewed the 

table printouts for consistency of data with in individual tables 

and among related tables, carried routine data changes to the 

tables, assisted in the final consistency and completeness checks 

of tables before release, and made tabulations by hand for 

special projects. 

The professional staff analyzed the data for reasonableness 

and accuracy, identified and located tabulation errors, reviewed 

the relevant report forms, decided what data changes were 

necessary and the most efficient method of transferring changes 

to the tables, and handled the transfer of the more complex 

changes to the tables. 

The Agriculture Division staff at Suitland carried out disclosure analysis of the tabulations and made corrections on the 

basis of further review of the original report forms. Upon completion of all changes to the tabulations, a final check was made 

tq ensure that all problems had been resolved. The final, corrected tables were released to the publication preparation 

staff in October 1980. 

PUBLICATION PROGRAM 

The publication program of the 1978 Census of Agricultural 

Services include both preliminary and final reports. A two-page 

preliminary report for agricultural services was published for 

each State in April-May 1980. These reports contained data on 

the number of establ ishments by primary activity, gross 

receipts, and payroll. The final results of the census were 

published in Volume 3, Agricultural Services, of the 1978 

Census of Agriculture publication series. Volume 3, released in 

November 1980, contained data for agricultural services establishments at the U.S., State, and county levels (only limited 

data were shown for counties). 
58 

INTRODUCTION 

General Information 

In addition to the farm enumeration and the census of 

agricultural services, the 1978 program included the decennial 

censuses of irrigation organizations and drainage (required by 

law-see below), a census of horticultural specialties taken 

with the cooperation of the USDA's Statistical Reporting 

Service, and several supplementary surveys. These last involved 

the investigation, as is usual after each census, of particu lar 

agricultural subjects, using samples drawn from the in-scope 

census files; for 1978, they were the sClmple surveys of farm 

and ranch irrigation, farm finance, and farm energy use. 

Legal Authority 

Title 13, United States Code, section 142, paragraph (b) 

directs that, in conjunction with the regular census of agriculture, censuses of irrigation and drainage be carried out "in 

1979, in 1988, and every tenth year beginning after 1988. ... " 

Section 193 fu rther provides that the Secretary [of Commerce 1 

"may make surveys and collect such preliminary and supplementary statistics related to the main topic of the census as are 

necessary to the initiation, taking, or completion thereof." 

A major portion of the data for the census of drainage is 

obtained from the census of governments. The authority to 

conduct this census is given to the Bureau in section 161 of 

title 13, which provides for a census of governments in 1957 

and in every fifth year thereafter. 

Part of the data collected in the census of horticultural 

specialties was gathered by the Statistical Reporting Service 

(SRS). Report forms used in the census were designed in close 

cooperation with SRS, and data from that agency's surveys 

were incorporated into the census file. Under the provisions 

of title 13, addresses and individual records obtained by the 

Bureau of the Census cannot be made available to any agency 

or individual outside the Bureau, including the SRS, but the 

confidentiality regulations of the USDA, augmented by the 

authority of the Secretary of Commerce under section 6 of 

title 13, do permit the Bureau to have access to some SRS 

data. Paragraph (a) of section 6 states that the Secretary [of 

Commerce], "whenever he considers it advisable, may call upon 

any other department, agency, or establ ishment of the Federal 

Government, ... for information pertinent to the work provided for in this title." 

Chapter 6. 

Special Censuses 

and Program 

Sample Surveys 

Reference Year and General Procedures 

The Bureau requested calendar-year data for the censuses of 

irrigation organizations (1978) and drainage (1977 and 1978). 

while the reference year for the census of horticultural specialties 

and all three of the follow-on surveys was calendar year 1979. 

All of these data-collection efforts used mailout/mailback procedures supplemented by telephone enumeration. The precomputer and computer processing of the data generally 

followed the broad outline of the same phase of the regular 

census program, but the General Tabulating System (GTS) 

software package was employed to tabulate the data. The statistics from th ese su pplemental operations were printed and 

released as part of the 1978 census publication program. 

The special censuses and program sample (follow-on) surveys 

of the 1978 Census of Agriculture are each described in greater 

detail below. 

THE 1978 CENSUS OF IRRIGATION 

ORGANIZATIONS 

Background Information 

Introduction-Basic data on land irrigated were requested of 

farm operators in section 11 of the forms 78-A 1 (S) and 78-

A1 (N) used in the census of agriculture. Responses to this 

section provided some information on land being irrigated, 

as well as enabled the Bu reau of the Census to identify farms 

employing irrigation for possible sampling in a follow-on survey 

(see beloW). Information from earlier censuses, USDA, trade 

associations, and the like indicated that one-half of the irrigated 

lands in the United' States are suppl ied with water by a relatively small number of irrigation organizations. In many Western 

States particularly, agricultural operations are dependent on 

water supplied by irrigation projects or other irrigation organizations. In order to accurately describe irrigation in the United 

States, it was considered necessary to collect (1) data from 

water-supplying organizations that divert, store, and convey 

water from its source to the farm, as well as (2) on-farm irrigation characteristics. 

Historical background-Data on Irrrgation organizations have 

been collected since 1910, when a separate census of irrigation 

"enterprises," or organizations supplying water to farms, was 

taken as part of the decennial census program. While data on 
SPECIAL CENSUSES AND PROGRAM SAMPLE SURVEYS 59 

irrigation of farm lands have been collected in each decennial 

census of agriculture since 189) and in the quinquennial census 

of agriculture starting in 193::', the enumeration of irrigation 

organizations has been undertabn only on a 10-year basis_ 

Scope-The census of irrigation organizations derived its data 

from an enumeration of irrigation organ izations in 17 Western 

States! and Louisiana. Two report forms were used to collect 

data from irrigation organizations: the form 78-A60 for singledrainage-basin enterprises and the 78-A61 for those with operations in more than one basin. For census purposes, an irrigation 

organization was defined as " .. _ a group of individuals, a company, a governmental district or agency, or an individual that 

operates facilities to supply irrigation water to two or more 

farms or ranches" or that stores water for irrigation purposes. 

Such an "organization" could be either formal and legal, as in 

a regular business venture, or an informal or cooperative 

arrangement. 

The census covered any business entity, cooperative group, 

or district that delivered, conveyer. or st"rE'~ ir'igation 'Nater, 

or would normally do so. Report forms were not required for 

lateral ditches or small groups of water users who divided water 

obtained from, and paid fees directly to, a parent supply company. In such cases, the parent company was to include any 

such subsidiary or dependent operation in its report. 

Planning and Preparation 

Initial planning-Planning for the 1978 Census of Irrigation 

Organizations began in December 1976 when Bureau officials 

contacted the Water Resources Council (WRC). The Council 

agreed to act as coordinator of irrigation (and drainage) items 

requested for inclusion in the 1978 census program. The plan 

was to assemble, from administrative records (primarily from 

1969 Census of Irrigation Organizations records and information supplied by State officials)' an address list of irrigation 

organizatir)nS in the States covered by the census, and use that 

list as the universe for a mailout/mailback enumeration. 

In February 1977, an interagency committee on the data 

requirements.of the irrigation (organizations) census was formed 

with the following agencies represented at its first meeting: 

U.S. Department of Agriculture: Economic Research Service 

(E RS), Statistical Reporting Service (SRS) 

U.S. Department of Commerce: Bureau of the Census, Bureau of Economic Analysis 

U.S. Department of Defense: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 

U.S. Department of Interior: Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) 

The committee held a series of meetings throughout 19772 

at which it considered the data requirements in the area of 

1 Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, 

Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, 

Texas, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. 

2The later meetings were attended by representatives of various 

private and/or non-Federal governmental agencies, as well as officials 

from the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), various offices and staffs within USDA (in addition to those listed), the U.S. Geological Survey, etc. 

irrigation organizations and made recommendations to the 

Bureau on the content of the report forms for this census and 

the follow-on survey of farm and ranch irrigation, and on the 

data to be processed and published for the census of drainage 

(see beloW). 

March 1978 Content Pretest 

Development of the report forms-By December 1977, proposed versions of the report forms for single- and multi-basin 

irrigation organizations had been designed and were subm itted 

to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for approval 

for use in a content pretest in the spring of 1978. Each of the 

forms, the 77 -A60-Tl for single-basin and the 77 -A61-Tl for 

multi-basin organi.~ations, were 21" x 17" sheets of white stock, 

folded to lOY," x 17". The A60-Tl had shading in blue, while 

the A61-Tl was shaded in green; both versions had printing in 

black ink. The content of the forms was similar, except that 

several sections of the 77-A61-Tl requested data for each basin 

or State in which the respondent organiZation had irrigation 

operations. 

Sample selection and mailout-The Bureau decided early that 

the content pretest for the irrigation organizations survey would 

be a relatively small-scale activity, but the sample chosen was 

designed to provide a good geograp'1ic cross-section of operations in the States to be covered by the census. About 30 i rrigation operations were selected randomly from the preliminary 

address lists of single-basin operations in 10 States (Arizona, 

California, Colorado, Idaho, Louisiana, Montana, Nebraska, 

South Dakota, Texas, and Washington), while approximately 

a dozen more addresses were chosen, at random, from the 

preliminary list of multi-basin operations for all the heavyirrigation States. Pretest packages were assembled at Su itland 

in early March. Each contained the appropriate report form, 

a cover letter explaining the purpose of the pretest, a return 

envelope, an instruction sheet, and the appropriate hydrological 

unit map (or, in the case of some multi-basin organizations, two 

or more maps). A total of 332 pretest packages were mailed 

on March 22, with a requested response date of April 17. 

Followup-A single mail followup to the pretest was conducted. 

By mid-April an overall response rate of 50 percent (including 

PM R's) had been achieved, and reminder letters were addressed 

and mailed to nonrespondents (PMR's were not remailed).By 

the end of April, 216 report forms and 28 PM R's had been 

received-an overall response rate of approximately 71 percent. 

A field followup was undertaken to try to determ ine operators' 

reactions to the report forms. In the first week of May representatives of the Bureau's Agriculture Division, assisted by 

members of the U.S. Geological Survey sworn in as temporary 

census agents, visited approximately 70 irrigation operations, 

evenly divided between respondents and non respondents, to 

interview the operators. The information from the field followup and analysis of the responses received to the report forms 

were used by the Agriculture Division to revise the report forms 

for the census proper. 

Finalization of report form design-The Bureau found that 

operators had little difficulty answering most items, although 
60 SPECIAL CENSUSES AND PROGRAM SAMPLE SURVEYS 

considerable use of business records was required. Nevertheless, 

certain changes in format and content were indicated. The items 

on the A60 and A61 comparing current acres irrigated, water 

delivered, etc., to the same kinds of data for the period 1972-

1976, or to "normal" quantities, were changed. On both report 

forms, the format was altered from one asking the respondent 

to provide a specific percentage estimate of the change to one 

that provided a set of check-off boxes indicating the approximate degree and the percentage range of changes (e.g., "Much 

above average (50% or more)," "Above average (20% to 49%)," 

etc.). 

The data item requesting the source of funds for improvements and new construction was deleted from the final design 

of both report forms. 

The Bureau also decided to use two versions of the A60 

single-basin report form. The revised standard A60 "blue" 

form would remain the principal single-basin report form, but 

an A60A version, identical in content and format to the A60, 

but with yellow shading instead of blue, was instituted for the 

enumeration of large single-basin operations. (The color coding 

was adopted to facil itate manual identification and sorting 

upon receipt.) A large single-basin operation was defined as any 

irrigation organization that (1) provided irrigation water for 

10,000 acres or more or transferred 100,000 acre feet of water, 

or (2) exchanged 3,000 acre feet of water with two or more 

other organizations or 5,000 acre feet of water with one other 

organization. 

Compilation of the Mailing List 

Sources-The 1978 Census of Irrigation Organizations was to be 

primarily a mailout/mailback operation. The two principal 

sources of addresses for the 1978 census mailing list were the 

lists of in-scope irrigation organizations and A 1 "must" cases 

from the 1969 Census of Agriculture. The 9-year lapse between 

the censuses of irrigation organizations meant that these lists 

were unavoidably out of date, and while they could serve as a 

starting point and core source, they would have to be extensively supplemented. 

The 1977 Census of Governments provided addresses for 

irrigation and drainage operations run by local and/or State 

government agencies. The Bureau's contacts and conferences 

with the Bureaus of Reclamation and Indian Affairs included 

negotiations for the transfer of lists of addresses of irrigation 

operations controlled by those agencies for addition to the 

census mail universe. The USDA Agriculture Stabilization and 

Conservation Service (ASCS) was also contacted and supplied 

lists of irrigation organizations from its files. 

The Bureau also consulted those offices of the State governments (e.g., State departments of agriculture, water conservation boards, etc.) with an interest in irrigation and/or agriculture 

for lists of irrigation organizations within each State. (Every 

State was contacted, but 24 reported no irrigation organizations. 3 ) 

3While the principal focus of the census of irrigation organizations 

was on the 18 "irrigation" States. there were operations listed, and 

enumerated, in other States as well. The number was very small (e.g., 2 in 

Arkansas, 17 in Florida, and so on), and the 1969 lists were used as the 

primary source for addresses for these operations. 

Control cards-A control card containing, in both alphanumeric 

and coded form, name, address, size code, a control number, 

and the census file number (CFN) was prepared for each organization on each source list used. If available, size data included 

the number of users served, acres irrigated, and the volume of 

water conveyed. The cards, approximately 18,000 in all, were 

used first for a manual match to other source-list control cards 

to unduplicate the file, and to facilitate transfer of the coded 

information to address labels. 

Assignment of census file numbers-Any irrigation organization 

that became part of the census address file had a census file 

number (CFN) assigned to it. Eleven-digit CFN's were generated 

by computer for each of the "irrigation" States; the first twodigits were the State code, followed by a three-digit county 

code, a five-digit serial number, and a check digit. Each county 

(parish in Louisiana) in the 18 "irrigation" States had 200 

CFN's reserved for its use, with the numbers assigned to individual operations in each county as each address was added to 

the mail file for that county. 

Preparation of Maps 

The census packages sent to the organizations on the 

Bureau's mailing list included the appropriate State hydrological 

unit map (HUM-standard maps produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)) for each operation. The respondent was 

to use this map as a reference in providing drainage basin identification numbers and other data on the report form. For States 

(mostly in the East) with very few irrigation organizations, the 

Bureau purchased the required maps from USGS distribution 

centers. Over 12,000 maps would have been needed to cover the 

major irrigation States, but it was determined that partial State 

HUM's, with attached legends, would suffice in many cases and 

only about 9,200 complete maps were required. The USGS 

agreed to prepare the necessary maps and legends, including 

cutting and folding to Bureau specifications and delivery to the 

Bureau in November 1978, on a reimbursable basis. 

Enumeration 

General plan-The enumeration consisted of an initial mailing of 

report forms and other census materials, followed by a thank 

you/reminder letter, and three followup mailings to nomespondents. There was no field followup of del inquent cases, but 

a telephone followup operation was undertaken. This latter 

effort was intended to improve the coverage of large, complex 

nonrespondent cases, but toward the end of the enumeration 

period significant numbers of small non respondent cases were 

added to the telephone file as well. 

Preparations for the' initial mailout-The Office of Management 

and Budget (OMB) approved the final designs for the report 

forms in August 1978. These, together with the respondents' 

file copy (A60 or A61 "grey") and the other materials for the 

initial mailout package (except the maps) were sent to the 

printers in October. In the meantime, the Bureau made arrangements for the production of the necessary HUM's and final ized 

the mail address lists. 
SPECIAL CENSUSES AND PROGRAM SAMPLE SURVEYS 61 

The mailout materials were delivered to Suitland by the first 

week in November. The address list of irrigation organizations 

was keyed to magnetic tape shortly thereafter and the tape then 

was used for the production of the address labels for the initial 

mail out. The contents of the mailing packages for both singleand multi-basin organizations were similar in general makeup. 

Each package assembled contained the appropriate report form, 

respondent's reference copy of the form (A60 or A61 "grey"). 

and HUM with legend; a standard form BC·297 return envelope; 

a transmittal letter (form 78-A63(l1) for single-basin organiza· 

tions, form 78·A61 (l 1) for multi·basin organizations, or special 

letters for organizations operated by the USBIA or the USBR); 

a form 78-A64(1) reference guide (an 8'h-page instruction 

booklet for completing the report form); and, for USBIA and 

USBR cases, special instruction sheets. Address labels were 

applied manually to the census report forms, which then were 

inserted into the form BC·21 07 outgoing envelopes. The mailout 

was done in the last week of December. The numbers of each 

type of report form mailed were as follows: 

Report forms 1 

Total 

78-A61 ("green") multi·basin 

report form 

78-A60 ("blue") and 78-A60A 

("yellow") single·basin 

report form 

1 See app. G for facsimiles. 

No. mailed 

12,252 

11,536 

21ncludes 188 USSIAand 105 USSR operations. 

Thank you/reminder letters-A combination thank-you and 

reminder letter, form 78-A70-l1, was sent to addresses on the 

census list about 3 weeks after the initial mailout, thanking 

operators who might have completed and returned the report 

forms and reminding non respondents of the requested return 

date. 

Mail followup-Response to the initial mailing was fairly good, 

with approximately 5,800 completed report forms and nearly 

1,300 PMR's received by the requested return date. The first 

regular followup letter, form 78-A63-l1, was mailed to 5,007 

nonrespondent addresses on February 28. By mid-March an 

overall response rate (inclUding PMR's) of about 67 percent had 

bee'n achieved, and a second followup letter, form 78-A63-l3, 

was mailed to 3,988 d~linquent cases. The final mail followup, using a form 78-A63-l4 letter requesting prompt response, 

involved a mailout to 3,588 addresses. By the end of May, the 

mailout/mailback operation had obtained completed report 

forms for 8,623 irrigation organizations, while 1,592 PMR's 

had been received. Th is yielded an overall mail response rate of 

approximately 84 percent. The remaining non response cases, a 

little over 2,000 in all, were referred to the telephone followup 

unit for resolution. 

Telephone followup-Telephone followup for the census of 

irrigation organizations was done by Agriculture Division personnel in Suitland. In the first week of May. 1979, Agriculture 

Division analysts began making telephone contacts and carrying 

out interviews to complete the requ isite report forms for very 

large operations, and by the end of May some 600 cases had 

been resolved. With the referral of the remaining nonrespondents (about 2,000 in all), the staff began making calls to, and 

completing report forms for, irrigation organizations of all sizes. 

Telephone followup continued through the summer and was 

closed down at the end of August 1979. At that time only 136 

cases in the original census file remained unsatisfied, yielding an 

overall response rate (including approximately 1,600 PM R's) of 

98.8 percent. 

Precomputer Processing of the Data 

General information-The precomputer processing of the data 

for irrigation organizations, except for data-keying, was done 

by Agriculture Division personnel at the Suitland office. The 

returns from the irrigation organizations had no barcodes, 

hence check-in and initial sorting was an entirely manual operation. Once the report forms had been edited, they were shipped 

to Jeffersonville for data-keying and computer processing. 

Check-in-Check-in of report forms began in mid-January 1979, 

when the first responses were received at Suitland. The principal 

purpose of the check-in procedures was to remove respondent's 

names and addresses from the follow-up file, so that followup 

would be done only for non respondent cases, and the check-in 

unit continued its work until the mail enumeration was closed 

out at the end of May. 

The check-in staff handled three primary types of materials, 

(1) completed report forms; (2) postmaster returns (PM R's); 

and (3) respondent-originated correspondence. The basic procedures for handling these three types of receipts were as 

follows: 

1. Completed report forms. Clerks checked the contents of the 

return envelopes to ensure that the report form and map 

were included. The respondent's address and CFN were used 

to make a hand match to the previously labeled and sorted 

mailing packages for the first regular mail followup. When 

the corresponding followup package was located, it was 

removed from the file. After the first mail followup the 

manual match to followup packages was repeated. After this 

check-in procedure, the complete report forms and associated maps were sent to the editing staff for clerical and 

technical review. 

2. Postmaster returns (PMR's). PMR's without address corrections were routed to the telephone unit, where calls were 

made to the appropriate Soil Conservation Service (SCS) 

office or post office for address corrections. If a new address 

was obtained, the PMR was sent to the typing unit for 

readdressing and remailing. If no new address information 

was obtained, the PMR was marked "No Address located" 

and was referred to an analyst for disposition. 

3. Correspondence_ The category included all incoming letters 

unaccompanied by report forms. letters requiring a reply 

were answered by standard form letters whenever possible. 

Otherwise, the letters were referred to the technical analysts 

for review and possible reply. 
62 SPECIAL CENSUSES AND PROGRAM SAMPLE SURVEYS 

Clerical edit and technical review-A small staff of clerks at 

Suitland carried out the initial manual edit and review of report 

forms as they were referred from the check-in operation_ This 

clerical edit was primarily concerned with preparing the data in 

the report forms for data keying. Analysts, assisted by the 

clerks, carried out the technical review, which involved a check 

of the report forms for accuracy and consistency. 

The clerical edit staff received the A60 and A60A report 

forms from check-in and sorted them by State and CFN. Each 

report form was checked for obviously erroneous or illegible 

entries and for any other factors that could affect the keyability 

of the data. Specific instructions for a section-by-section edit of 

the single-basin report forms were provided to the edit clerks, 

and technical analysts were available to handle particular 

problems and to check the quality of the clerical edit. 

Technical review of the report forms involved reviewing the 

corrections and changes made by the clerical staff, and a 

detailed check of each report form to (1) insure that the operation involved was in scope; (2) classify in-scope records by size 

and, if necessary, by type (i.e., single- or multi-basin); (3) check 

for possible evidence of other irrigation organizations not 

covered by the census (e.g., an entry showing exchange of water 

with an organization for which no report had been received and 

which was not on the Bureau's address list); (4) check for consistency in certain critical items, such as transfer of water (e.g., 

comparing one organization's report of water transferred to a 

second organization with the second organization's report of 

water received); and (5) separate data on A61 report forms for 

the several States and/or basins in which the respondent 

organization had operations and transcribe the data onto 

separate A60A forms. 

As edit and review of the report forms were completed, they 

were sorted by State and CFN, batched into work units of 

approximately 100 forms each, and shipped to Jeffersonville for 

data keying. 

Data keying-Once the forms were reviewed, edited, and coded, 

they were ready for data keying. Using the codes assigned to 

each data item during the clerical edit, the staff at Jeffersonville 

keyed the data from the report forms directly to disk, from 

which it was copied onto magnetic tape. Each data item on the 

report forms was uniquely identified, and only those that contained responses had to be keyed, in addition to the basic geographic and identification data for each report form. 

Once the data were keyed and copied onto magnetic computer tape, they were transmitted via telephone datalink to Suitland for computer processing. 

Computer Processing 

General information-The computer processing phase of the 

census involved three principal operations: (1) a computer 

consistency edit, (2) analytical tabulations, and (3) data tabulations for publication. The computer consistency edit employed 

pre rams written specifically for editing the data from the 

irrigation organizations, while the analytical and data tabulations employed the Generalized Tabulation System (GTS) 

software program, adapted to produce the requisite tables for 

the census. 

Computer batch edit-The batch edit program was designed to 

perform a series of tests and comparisons involving critical datal 

or ratios within the data (particularly with respect to water 

transfer between organizations). These data or ratios were 

compared to tolerance limits developed using data from previous censuses, or were checked against each other for consistency. The edit program printed out lists of report forms in 

which errors or inconsistencies had been detected, together with 

the item codes of the errors. 

The printouts of errors were reviewed and corrections made, 

after which the data were reedited in preparation for tabulation. 

Tabulation of the data-After completion of the consistency 

edit and the correction of the data file, the data were ready for 

initial tabulation. The preliminary totals were produced and 

reviewed in December 1980 using previous census and other 

check data, and they showed aggregate data by State and by 

water resource region. A second, analytical tabulation, incorporating the corrections to the first set of tabulations, was 

reviewed in August. After final corrections were made, the final 

tables were produced and released to the publication preparation staff beginning in December 1981. 

Publication 

Data from the census of irrigation organizations were published in the 1978 Census of Agriculture, Volume 4, Irrigation. 

Volume 4 included data for irrigation organizations by State, 

water resource regions, and water resource subregions. The 

publication included not only the usual statistical tables, but a 

number of graphic tables and a series of maps showing the 

water resources regions and subregions. 

1978 CENSUS OF DRAINAGE 

Introduction 

Purpose-Drainage of wetlands is one of the principal means by 

which more land has been brought into cultivation, and statistics on drainage are used in the estimation of agricultural production problems and of potential production capacity. Data collected on the organization and administration of public (i.e., 

local government-supported) drainage projects and organizations help in the assessment of total expenditu, on agricultural ventures, and of the purposes for which fun, s are spent. 

Historical information-Information on drainage of individual 

farms was collected as part of the censuses of agriculture for 

1920, 1930, 1969, and 1974. For 1920 and 1930 these data 

were obtained for all farms in the 48 contiguous States (Alaska 

and Hawaii were added for 1969 and 1974), while for 1969 and 

1974 data were collected only for farms with sales of $2,500 

or more. 

Censuses of drainage covering publicly organized drainage 

projects and large private drainage projects were carried out in 

conjunction with the decennial censuses from 1920 to 1960 in 

all States in which such projects were reported. Beginning with 

the 1950 census, projects of fewer than 500 acres were 

excluded, wh ile after 1960, those operations that were concerned solely with removing irrigation waste water were also 
SPECIAL CENSUSES AND PROGRAM SAMPLE SURVEYS 63 

eliminated. (The reference years for all of these operations were 

generally the previous calendar years, i.e., the 1960 census col· 

lected data for 1959, but the 1978 Census of Drainage collected 

data for 1977 and 1978.) The scope of the census of drainage 

projects was further restricted in 1972, when it was limited to 

publicly organized projects (counties and special districts). 

Planning and Preparation 

Planning considerations-The two principal considerations in 

planning any census are (1) the need for the data, and (2) the 

collectability of the data desired. Planning for the 1978 Census 

of Drainage began in the spring of 1976 when arrangements 

were made to make available to the Agriculture Division staff 

certain data on drainage districts from the 1977 Census of 

Governments, and when the initial contacts with data users were 

made to investigate data needs. 

From discussions with members of the Water Resources 

Council (which was also acting as the principal advisory and 

data-request coordinating body for the census of irrigation 

organizations) and other data users, it soon became evident that 

the USDA's Soil Conservation Service (SCS) would be the 

primary user of any drainage census data. Representatives of the 

Bureau and the SCS met several times to discuss data needs 

and data-collection methodology for the census of drainage. 

From these discussions it became obvious that there was no 

demand for drainage data for individual farms, and since farmers 

had always had great difficulty in supplying accurate drainage 

data anyway, the Bureau decided to reduce response burden by 

not collecting such data in the agriculture census itself. 

Scope and data content-Data on drainage in the 50 States and 

the' District of Columbia were collected and processed; the 

basic information was not, however, collected by the Bureau of 

the Census in a data-collection effort of its own, but was drawn 

from the data files of the 1977 Census of Governments. Additional data were collected for the Bureau by SCS field office 

personnel. The basic data and their sources, were as follows: 

1. Total acres drained in 1978, by county, collected by the SCS. 

2. Land-use data (for purposes of cross-tabulation with the SCS 

data) drawn from section 10 of the A 1 (S) a nd A 1 (N) census 

report forms. 

3. Organizational and financial information on special drainage 

districts, drawn from the 1977 Census of Governments, and 

specially tabulated. 

The Bureau's principal responsibility in the census of drainage, 

therefore, was processing and tabulating the information. 

Data Collection 

The data-collection activities for the 1978 Census of Agriculture are described in detail in chapter 4. Land-use data were 

requested from all agricultural operations. 

The SCS prod uced estimates of acreage drained in each of 

over 3,000 counties, using on-the-ground surveys conducted by 

USDA field staffs, data from soil surveys, Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service (ASCS) records, local and State 

data sources, etc. The county inventories were combined and 

summarized at the SCS's State offices, which forwarded the 

data to USDA headquarters in Washington, D.C., for referral 

to the Bureau of the Census. By the end of June 1979, data 

for nearly all the States had been received by the Bureau. 

The data on drainage obtained from the 1977 Census of 

Governments concerned the organization and administration of 

special drainage districts. That census was based on a directory 

card listing showing the name of each local governmental unit, 

the county in which it was located, its mailing address, and 

selected characteristics (primarily revenue, expenditures, debt, 

and employment). This list was updated every 5 years, prior to 

each census of governments, using appropriate Federal and State 

publications, by review of the lists for each county by the 

county clerks and by using data from precanvass surveys. 

For the purposes of the census of drainage, the major activity 

of the 1977 Census of Governments was the mailout of directory cards to special districts (i.e., soil conservation, drainage, 

flood control, sewerage, etc.). Two versions of the "Local 

Government Directory Cards (Special Districts)" were used in 

this operation; the G-29 for special districts with a 1972 revenue 

of $20,000 or more, or with a debt of $500,000 or more; and 

the G-30 for special districts with revenue and debt of less than 

$20,000 and $500,000 respectively. 

Approximately 26,000 G-29 and G-30 cards were mailed in 

December 1977. Followup of nonrespondents by mail and 

telephone was carried out in January and February 1978. 

Each completed report form was reviewed for evidence of 

serious error or inconsistency, and correspondence was used to 

clear up problems. Approximately 2,550 of the special districts 

enumerated in the December mailing were identified as drainage 

districts, and the address, location, and characteristics of each 

were extracted from the census of governments data file for use 

in processing and tabulating the census of drainage. 

Processing the Data 

The data required relatively little processing prior to tabulation since the data from the census of governments had been 

tabulated already as part of the processing phase of that operation and were provided to the Agriculture Division as Statelevel aggregates. These numbers were posted manually to the 

single table included in the drainage census publication that 

showed the characteristics of drainage districts. 

The county and State aggregate acreages received from the 

SCS were reviewed clerically and keyed at Suitland. The data 

were added to the 1978 census master data matrix as cell corrections, in order to facilitate cross-tabulation with the land-use 

data from the regular agriculture census report forms. After 

review and correction, the tables were released for publication. 

Publication 

Data from the census of drainage were released only in the 

1978 Census of Agriculture Volume 5, Special Reports, Part 5, 

Drainage of Agricultural Lands. Volume 5, part 5 contained a 

table showing the number, revenue, and expenditures, long-term 

debt, and number of employees, of special drainage districts 

by State, in 1977. Approximate land area, acreage of land 

drained, and land use were shown by county, State, region, and 

the United States. 
64 SPECIAL CENSUSES AND PROGRAM SAMPLE SURVEYS 

1979 CENSUS OF HORTICULTURAL SPECIALTIES 

Introduction 

Purpose and history-Horticultural specialty operations-greenhouses, nurseries, etc.-currently gross several billion dollars 

annually, and constitute an increasingly important part of the 

overall agricultural economy. The rapid growth of this sector of 

agriculture in recent years has spurred demands by both Government and private data users for more current and detailed data 

in order to make accurate projections of growth, maintain the 

quality and quantity of production, and promote efficient 

product distribution. 

A certain amount of information on the production of 

flowers, bulbs, nursery products, and seeds has traditionally 

been collected from farms in the census of agriculture; the 1890 

census was the first to include a survey directed specifically at 

nurseries, floricultural establishments, seed farms, and the like. 

Thereafter, special censuses of horticultural specialty operations 

were conducted in conjunction with the regular censuses of 

agriculture for 1930, 1950, 1959, and 1969. 

Scope-The 1979 Census of Horticultural Specialties covered all 

50 States, and requested data from producers of bedding plants, 

foliage plants, potted and/or cut flowers, sod, flower seed, 

bulbs, vegetable seed, nursery products, greenhouse vegetables, 

and mushrooms. Data were also requested from florists and 

nursery operators (i.e., growers of woody plants, including fruit 

trees and environmentals)_ All data collected in the census of 

horticultural specialties were requested for calendar year 1979. 

Preparations 

Planning-The general pia n for the horticultural census called 

for the actual data collection to be done in cooperation with the 

SRS, which would be carrying out its annual floriculture survey 

of about 8,000 operations in 28 States at the same time the 

Bureau would be conducting its census. The two agencies agreed 

to use identical report forms, except that both agencies' names 

would appear on the form used by the SRS while the Census 

Bureau's report form would carry only its own name. The SRS 

survey would collect data for all the addresses on its mailing list, 

under its "voluntary" authority, except in California, where 

the county agriculture commissioners were to use their revolving 

panels of addresses to enumerate horticultu ral operations. The 

Bureau's data collection effort involved mailing report forms 

to names and addresses identified from the census of agriculture as having horticultural operations, but that were not on 

the SRS survey lists. 

Mailing lists-The mailing list for the non-SRS portion of the 

census consisted of a list of growers compiled from the 1978 

Census of Agriculture. The names selected included growers 

whose main source of income was from the sale of horticultural 

prod ucts and totaled at least $2,000, and growers who sold 

$4,000 or more of such products, whose main source of income 

was something else. This list was supplemented by lists from the 

Department of Agriculture for the 28 States in which the horticultural census was a cooperative effort, and from lists of 

growers provided by trade associations. These lists were copied 

onto computer tape and, in November 1979, were matched 

against SRS's and California county commissioners' lists. Duplicate names and addresses were deleted from the census file and 

the resultant list of some 24,000 cases became the Bureau's 

mail-address universe fur the horticultural census. 

Report forms-The standard report form for the horticultural 

census, the 79-A 19, was developed using the 1969 form as a 

base, with the advice and suggestions of data users. The A 19 

was a 17 x 31 y," sheet, folded to 17" x 1 OY,", making six pages, 

with printing on both sides in black ink and shading in a yellow 

wash. The form requested data on type of horticultural operation; whether any flowering plants or plants to produce cut 

flowers or greens were grown; gross area used to produce 

selected cut flowers, flowering potted plants, bedding plants, 

etc.; quantity and sales of bedding plants, foliage plants, sod, 

bulbs, mushrooms, nursery products, vegetables grown under 

protection, or vegetable or flower seeds; land, structures, equipment, and irrigation; sales and purchases; selected production 

expenses; labor; and, for Hawaii only, cut and lei flowers. 

A test of the proposed report form was carried out in August 

and September of 1979. A preliminary listing of horticultural 

operations was used to select a random national sample of 570 

addresses for the test. Mailing packages, consisting of a test form 

79-A19-T1, an A19(1) instruction sheet, a return envelope, and 

a cover letter explaining the need for the test, were assembled 

at Bureau headquarters in Suitland and were mailed on August 

23. Three weeks later, a followup mailing, consisting ~nly of a 

reminder letter requesting response and thanking those who had 

responded, was sent to the addresses on the test mailing list. 

Response was relatively low (about 47 percent, excluding postmaster returns), but the report forms received and analyzed 

indicated respondents had little difficulty completing them, 

and no significant changes in content were considered necessary. 

Finalization of the report forms-The basic A 19 report form 

was finalized in October 1979. The two versions to be used, 

the 79-A 19.1 for the Bureau of the Census and the 79-A 19.2 

for the SRS floriculture survey, were sent to the printers in 

late October. 

Data Collection 

Preparation for the mailout-The printed materials for the 

Bureau and USDA mailings-report forms, record copies (the 

A 19.1 and A 19.2 "grey"), instruction sheets, brochures, etc.-

were received in Jeffersonville, Ind., in the first week of 

December. The mailing packages were assembled by the clerical 

staff during December. 

In the meantime, the final prepariltion of the Bureau's 

mailing list was underway at Suitland. It was originally planned 

to mail the horticultural census forms in early January 1980, 

but delays in the computer processing of the 1978 Census of 

Agriculture resulted in first, a postponement of the initial 

mailout, and then the adoption of a two-phase mailing. By early 

January, the address lists for 31 States were complete and had 

been unduplicated. The Bureau decided to prepare address. 

labels for these cases and mail report forms to them imme-
SPECIAL CENSUSES AND PROGRAM SAMPLE SURVEYS 65 

diately, and then carry out a second mailing to the remaining 

19 States as soon as possible thereafter. Accord ingly, pressuresensitive address labels for the 31 "completed" States were 

prepared, delivered to Jeffersonville, and applied to the mailing 

packages. 

Initial mailout and followup-The first phase of the initial 

mailing was undertaken on January 22, 1980, when 14,239 

census packages were mailed to horticultural operations in 31 

States. Four weeks later, on February 25, the second phase took 

place, and 9,694 packages were mailed to operations in the 

remaining 19 States. 

Three followup mailings to nonrespondents were carried out, 

broken down into mailings to phase 1 and phase 2 States to 

conform to the initial mailout. A new file of nonrespondent 

addresses was created for each followup, and address labels were 

prepared in the usual way. The followup packages consisted of 

letters requesting response and reminding operators that 

response was legally required. The characteristics of the mail 

followups were as follows: 

1st phase 2nd phase 

Followup Letter No. No. Date Date mailed mailed 

1 79-A19.1-L2 2/25/80 6,623 3/20/80 7,214 

2 79-A19.1-L3 3/20/80 5,165 4/11/80 4,022 

3 79-A19.1-L5 4/11/80 3,415 5/07/80 2,650 

Supplemental mailings-Two small mailouts of complete census 

packages were made to addresses that were identified after the 

mailing list was finalized in February-424 on April 24 and 201 

more on May 5. Inasmuch as these cases were mailed so late, 

there was no mail followup; delinquent cases were referred for 

telephone enumeration together with the nonrespondent 

address list used for the third mail followup. 

Telephone followup-Immediately following the mailing of the 

third followup, a// of the addresses in the delinquent file-some 

5,000 in all (including the supplemental mailing cases)-were 

referred to the telephone unit for followup. Calls were made to 

non respondent operators from both the Bureau's Suitland and 

Jeffersonville facil ities, using WATS and FTS lines. The 

telephone followup continued through the summer, and approximately 1,500 report forms were completed in th is manner. 

Report forms continued to be received by mail for some time 

after the referral of these cases to the telephone staff, and as 

these were checked in, they were deleted from the telephone 

followup list. 

Results-Overall response to the horticultural census was very 

good. By the end of August, the Bureau had achieved a 94.4-

percent response rate. 

The SRS data-collection effort-The SRS floriculture survey 

involved a sample of over 8,000 operations in 28 States 

(including the county commissioners' panels in California). The 

enumeration was a field interview operation, carried out by 

USDA field staff during February, March, and April 1980. A 

total of 8,001 horticultural operations were enumerated and, 

after SRS had extracted the data necessary for its operations, 

the complete report forms were turned over to the Bureau of 

the Census for processing and incorporation into the census 

data file. 

Data Processing 

Check-in-Check-in of census report forms began in Jeffersonville in February, as soon as the first responses were received. 

The check-in unit was primarily concerned with removal of 

respondents' addresses from the followup lists, referral of 

correspondence, and the handling of postmaster returns 

(PM R's). All receipts with correspondence attached were 

referred to the agriculture census correspondence unit. Firsttime PM R's were remailed, as were second-time PM R's with 

address corrections. Second-time PM R's without address corrections were referred to Suitland for review and disposition by 

Agriculture Division analysts. 

Clerical edit-Clerical editing of the report forms began in March 

1980. Out-of-scope and blank report forms, and refusals, were 

sorted for special handling. Completed in-scope forms were 

subjected to a detailed clerical review to ensure internal consistency, completeness, and the readability of individual items 

(to make certain each form was keyable). Questionable or 

illegible items were verified by telephone whenever necessary. 

The form 79-A 19.2 report forms received from SRS were 

processed in exactly the same fashion as the regular horticulture 

census returns. 

Data keying and computer edit-In March 1981, after the clerical edit was completed, the report forms were sent to have the 

data keyed to disk and transferred to magnetic computer tape. 

The data then were transmitted to Suitland for computer 

editing. The latter included further internal consistency checks 

to detect unreasonable dollar values and/or questionable large 

entries. Inconsistent data cells were displayed for review and 

subject-matter specialists made necessary corrections. 

Tabulation-The data from the horticultural census were 

tabulated using the GTS software package. Summary data were 

reviewed for consistency and were compared to historical data, 

and to current USDA estimates where available. After corrections were made, the data were submitted to disclosure review 

and the final tabulations were done. 

Publication 

State and county-level data on the number, size, value of 

sales, etc., of horticultural specialty establishments were 

published in the 1978 Census of Agriculture, Volume 5, Special 

Reports, Part 7, Horticultural Specialties. 

1979 FARM AND RANCH IRRIGATION SURVEY 

Preparations 

Purpose and Scope-The 1979 Farm and Ranch Irrigation 

Survey was planned to supplement the basic irrigation data 
66 SPECIAL CENSUSES AND PROGRAM SAMPLE SURVEYS 

collected in the 1978 Census of Agriculture. A sample of 

agricultural operations could provide detailed information on 

irrigation practices, quantity of water applied, equipment 

utilization, expenditures, and crop production for irrigated 

farms, while keeping overall respondent burden as low as 

possible. By combining data from such a survey with information from the census proper and from the 1978 Census of I rrigation Organizations, a comparatively complete and detailed 

picture of agricultural irrigation in the United States could be 

assembled. Accordingly, the survey was designed to collect data 

from farms and ranches that had reported irrigation activities 

on their 1978 census forms. The sample was so structured that 

farms in the 17 Western States covered in the census of irrigation organizations, Florida, Louisiana, and Arkansas, were 

sampled heavily enough to provide data for "aggregated areas," 

for groups of counties called "aggregated su bareas," and for 

States.4 Aggregate data were collected for the remaining 28 

contiguous States (Alaska and Hawaii were excluded from the 

survey). 

Report form pretest-Planning for the survey was carried on 

concurrently with that for the census of irrigation organizations. 

Drafts of test versions of the respective forms were prepared in 

early 1978, and a content pretest for the farm and ranch irrigation form was carried out at the same time as the irrigation 

organizations' test, also in early 1978. The test form 77-A62-T1, 

"Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey," was a 16" x 21" sheet of 

white stock folded to 16" x 10-1/2" to form 4 pages. Printing 

was in black ink with shading in a salmon wash. The form 

requested data on irrigation in 1 977, acreage, land use, comparison of acres irrigated in 1977 to those irrigated 1974-1976, 

irrigated and nonirrigated crop yields (for selected crops), 

method of irrigation, estimated quantity of water used, selected 

irrigation facilities, maintenance and repair costs for irrigation 

equipment and facilities, energy use for irrigation pumping (by 

power source), water received from irrigation water suppliers, 

any discontinuation of water supply affecting crop yields, 

irrigation uses (application of chemicals, land disposal of liquid 

livestock waste, etc.), and irrigation intentions for the next 3 

years. 

The pretest sample was chosen from the list of in-scope 

agricultural operations with irrigation of land reported in the 

1974 census. A total of 600 addresses were chosen at random 

from these lists for the same 10 States used for the irrigation 

organizations pretest (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, 

Louisiana, Montana, Nebraska, South Dakota, Texas, and 

Washington) and for one county each in North Carolina and 

Florida. Report forms were mailed to the pretest sample on 

March 13, 1978. There was no mail followup, but in the last 

week of April, personnel from the Bureau and the U.S. 

Geological Survey (USGS) began a field followup on nonrespondents. This field operation was intended to obtain information on operators' reporting problems with the form rather 

4 An aggregated area was identical to the USGS drainage basin, while 

"aggregated subareas" were groups of counties comprising.a local irrigation area. Such a "subarea·' would consist of complete counties, but might 

include counties in more than one State. 

than com plete the report forms, hence overall response rates 

remained relatively low. By mid-May, 303 completed A62-T1 

questionnaires and approxiamtely 25 PM R's had been received. 

Finalization of the report form content-After the March pretest, the content of the report form was finalized. Overall 

content changes were relatively slight; sections on the time 

needed to complete the form (employed in the test version to 

aid in later forms design) and on irrigation intentions over the 

next 3 years were deleted, while the section on irrigated and 

nonirrigated yields was expanded to list more crops. There were 

also a number of changes in the format of certain sections to 

improve clarity. The general specifications for the form (i.e., 

size, ink used, shading, etc.) remained unchanged except that 

the sheet stock was 17" x 21" rather than 16" x 21." 

Sample selection-The farm and ranch irrigation survey used a 

sample, stratified by acres irrigated, drawn from the 1978 

Census of Agriculture list of in-scope operations reporting irrigation activities. The sample was designed to provide data for 

"irrigation regions," which were identical to USGS drainage 

regions, and for specified smaller areas, called aggregated areas, 

with in the "heavy irrigation" States of the West, Florida, 

Louisiana, and Arkansas. All large irrigation operations (i.e., 

those in the 17 Western States and Louisiana with 1,000 acres 

irrigated or more, and in the East with 200 acres irrigated or 

more) were selected as "certainty" cases. Sampling of farms of 

smaller acreage irrigated varied, depending upon the stratum 

(e.g., farms with 500 to 1,000 acres irrigated might be sampled 

at a 1-in-3 rate, farms with 100 to 500 acres irrigated in a 

1-in-10 rate, and so on). Further, while only irrigation regions 

were sampled in the Eastern States, irrigation subregions were 

sampled for the 17 Western "heavy irrigation" States, plus 

Louisiana, Arkansas, and Florida. Thus the sample could provide data for the groups of counties defined as irrigation subregions, and for States in the heavy irrigation areas, but only 

aggregate statistics would be produced for the "light irrigation" 

States. The sample selected constituted an approximate 10-percent sample of operations, some 31,000 in all, whose 1978 

census returns reported using irrigation. 

Data Collection 

Preparations for mailout-The report form 79-A62 and the 

other materials for the initial mailing went to print in October 

1979, and were delivered to Jeffersonville in December for 

mailing-package assembly. Each package consisted of the A62 

report form, a copy of the A62 for the respondents records, a 

pamphlet explaining why the survey was being taken, an instruction sheet, return envelope, and a transmittal letter from the 

Director of the Bureau reque5ting prompt response. Assembly 

of the packages was completed in late February and early 

March, but delays in the computer processing of the 1978 

census reports resulted, as with the other follow-on surveys, in 

a delay in completing the address list for the mailout. Accordingly, a similar multi-phase mailout plan was adopted. The 

characteristics of the initial mailout of the farm and ranch irrigation survey were as follows: 
SPECIAL CENSUSES AND PROGRAM SAMPLE SURVEYS 67 

Mailing Date Quantity 

Total .•.......... 31,337 

Single unit, single form 

(SUSF) ............ 

Wave 1 ........... 3/2/80 - 4/4/80 10,114 

Wave 2 ........... 4/28/80 -5/13/80 19,033 

Wave 3 ........... 6/17/80 465 

Single unit, multiform 

(SUMF) ............ 4/18/80 - 4/25/80 925 

Census of agricultu re 

area sample survey (CAAS). 6/25/80 - 6/27/80 175 

Multiunits (MU). ....... 6/6/80 - /11/80 625 

Mail fol!owup-The mail followup for the irrigation survey 

consisted of a reminder letter mailed to 6,249 wave-1 SUSF, 

and 522 SUMF cases between April 28 and May 9. Response to 

the irrigation survey was comparatively slow, and between the 

last week of May and the second week in August, the Bureau 

carried out four mail followups: The first and third involved 

complete survey packages, while the second and fourth consisted only of letters (the A62-L4 and A62-L6A or -L6B, respectively). The dates and the quantities mailed in these operations 

(all on a "flow" basis similar to the initial mailing) are given 

below: 

Followup Mailings 

Mailing 

1st followup 

TOTAL. 

SUSF 

Wave 1 ....... . 

Wave 2 ....... . 

Wave 3 ....... . 

SUMF ......... . 

CAAS .......... . 

MU .......... " 

2nd followup 

Total 

SUSF: 

Wave 1 ....... . 

Wave 2 ....... . 

Wave 3 ....... . 

SUMF' ......... . 

CAAS .......... . 

MU' .......... . 

3rd followup 

Total 

SUSF: 

Wave 1 ....... . 

Wave 2 ....... . 

Wave 3 ....... . 

4th followup 

Total 

SUSF: 

Wave 1 ....... . 

Date 

5/23/80 - 5/28/80 

6/17/80 - 6/25/80 

6/21/80 

5/28/80 - 6/4/80 

9/9/80 - 9/11/80 

7/23/80 - 7/28/80 

6/18/80 

7/19/80 

8/19/80 

9/2/80 - 9/5/80 

N/A 

9/11/80 - 9/15/80 

7/17/80 - 7/21/80 

8/11/80 - 8/13/80 

9/16/80 

8/12/80 

Quantity 

17,968 

5,844 

10,987 

322 

436 

108 

271 

14,299 

4,897 

8,613 

225 

383 

N/A 

181 

10,561 

3,433 

7,072 

56 

2,947 

2,947 

'SUM F and MU cases were subject to two followup mailings in each 

of the follow-on su rveys. 

By the end of August, a total of about 21,400 report forms 

had been received at Jeffersonville, yielding an overall mail 

response rate of almost 71 percent. 

Telephone followup-A telephone followup to nonrespondent 

cases was inaugurated from the telephone unit in Jeffersonville 

during the last week of August 1980. All nonresponse 

"certainty" cases and a sample of 1-in-6 noncertainty addresses 

(the latter selected at random from nonrespondents in each 

irrigation region or subregion), 3,648 cases in all, were selected 

for followup by telephone. Calls were made from Jeffersonville 

through October 1980, and 2,047 (about 56 percent) of the 

cases referred were resolved. 

Results-Data collection for the irrigation survey was not closed 

out completely until November 1980, by which time nearly 

26,000 report forms, or slightly more than 80 percent of the 

initial mailing, had been received. 

Data Processing 

Receipt and check-in-Receipts for the irrigation survey were 

sorted by type as they arrived in Jeffersonville. Correspondence 

without report forms attached, report forms (with and without 

correspondence), and PMR's were sent to the batching unit for 

check-in. After check-in keying, report forms with correspondence attached, or correspondence alone, were sent to the 

correspondence unit; PMR's were referred for remailing; and 

report forms were batched into work units of about 100 forms 

each before shipment to Suitland for precomputer editing. 

Precomputer edit-The purpose of the precomputer edit was to 

identify report forms that were incomplete or covered out-ofscope operations, and to ensure the keyability of the in-scope 

forms. Editing began in April 1980, as soon as the first work 

units of forms were received in Suitland. As the work units 

arrived, they were opened and the report forms were sorted by 

State for the "heavy irrigation" States, and as "all other States" 

for the remaining 28 States. A detailed clerical review of each 

report form was carried out by Agriculture Division personnel 

to ensure the completeness of each form and the legibility of 

each data item. Problem cases (i.e., those with inconsistent or 

obviously incorrect entries, blank or partially blank forms, etc.) 

and "certainty" cases were referred to technical analysts for 

review and/or correction. The clerical staff made minor corrections, transcribed illegible entries, etc. Verification of each 

clerk's work was carried out by a technical analyst, who 

reviewed the first 300 forms edited by each clerk and spotchecked the work thereafter. 

After all of the report forms in a work unit had been edited 

and corrected, the work u nit was returned to Jeffersonville for 

keying. Data keying to magnetic tape began in the second week 

of Ju ne 1980. 

Computer edit-The data keyed to tape in Jeffersonville were 

transmitted to Suitland by telephone datalink and, starting in 

July 1980, were subjected to a series of consistency and 

completeness computer edits. Problem items were "flagged" by 

the computer and were displayed for review and correction by 

technical analysts. Once all the data files produced in the collec-
68 SPECIAL CENSUSES AND PROGRAM SAMPLE SURVEYS 

tion effort had been edited, data for the remaining non respondent cases were imputed, using estimates of the characteristics 

of nonrespondent operations derived form the results of the 

telephone followup. 

Tabulation-Data from the irrigation survey, identified by 

reported county and State, were tabulated, using the GTS software package, by State and by aggregated areas and subareas for 

the "heavy irrigation" States and for "all other States" 

(excluding Alaska and Hawaii). Analytical tabulations were displayed for review and correction by Agriculture Division technical analysts before the final tabulations were run. 

Publication 

Data from the irrigation survey were published in the 1978 

Census of Agriculture, Volume 5, Special Reports, Part 8,1979 

Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey. Some additional unpublished 

data on irrigation are available. 

1979 FARM FINANCE SURVEY 

Introduction 

Background and purpose-A certain amount of data on the 

various elements of farm finance has been collected since the 

first agriculture census was taken in the United States. Initially, 

the principal points of interest were the value of farm land and 

sales of agricultural products; in later censuses the data collection effort was expanded to include farm taxes as well as 

mortgage debt. 

In 1979, a farm finance survey was carried out as part of the 

1978 Census of Agriculture program. Data were collected on 

land in farms, value of land and buildings, rents, capital and 

operating expenditures, credit used for purchasing specific, 

items, debts outstanding by kind and source, taxes, value of 

farm products sold, farm related income, off-farm income, land 

acquisition, off-farm work, and household characteristics. 

One of the primary purposes of any of the Bureau's operations is to improve the quality of national and State statistics. 

Data on farm finances and debt are of interest to policy 

planners, legislators, and lending institutions. The USDA relies 

heavily on the survey data for preparing and benchmarking its 

annual farm sector accounts, as well as for numerous other 

statistical reviews. The survey is the only source of data on level 

of debt by farm size and type currently available. It is also 

unique in that it relates off-farm work and household characteristics to size and type of farm. 

Planning and Preparation 

General plan-Planning for the 1979 Farm Finance Survey 

began during the period of preparation for the 1978 census; 

several meetings were held during 1978 between Bureau staff 

and representatives of various data-user Government agencies 

to discuss plans and the content of the report form. The finance 

survey was planned as a two-stage operation: a sample of farm 

operators from the census proper would be selected and sent a 

finance survey operator's report form and, thereafter, landlords 

identified by respondents would be sent a landlord's report 

form. A pretest of the operator and landlord forms was carried 

out in the fall of 1978, using addresses drawn from the 1974 

census farm operator lists and landlord addresses from the 

operators' pretest responses. 

Report form pretest-Test versions of the report forms, 77-A9AT1 (operator) and 77-A9B-T1 (iardlord) were prepared in the 

summer of 1978. The A9A-T1 was a 14" x 21" sheet of white 

stock, folded to 14" x 10-1/2", with printing on both sides in 

black ink, and with purple shading. It requested data on acreage 

and current value of land and buildings; purchases, expenditures, and credit used during 1977 for agricultural operations; 

debts; market value of agricultural products sold; off-farm 

income; taxes; assets owned by farm operator; net cash farm 

income of partnerships; income and expense from farm-related 

sources; off-farm work and education; and leased machinery 

and investor capital. 

The A9B-T1, was a 14" x 21" sheet, folded to 14" x 

10-1/2", with printing in black ink, and orange shading. It 

requested data on acreage and current value of land and 

buildings; purchases, expenditures, and credit used during 1977; 

debts; taxes; assets owned by landlord; rental income; total 

agricultural land ownership and sales; partiCipation in management decisions; type of ownership; and characteristics and 

occupation of landlord. 

Pretest packages, containing a report form, instruction 

sheet, cover letter, and return envelope, were mailed to a sample 

consisting of 1 ,470 operators on November 13, 1978. Only one 

followup was made; a letter requesting prompt response and 

thanking the addressee if he or she had already responded 

was mailed to all the addresses on the pretest mailing list 2 

weeks after the initial mailout. Response was a little over 55 

percent (812 forms were returned). 

The mailout to landlords was made after a listing of addresses 

was compiled from the operators' report forms. On December 

22, 698 pretest packages were mailed to landlords (the contents 

were virtually the same as for operators, except the A9B-T1 

form and instruction sheet were used). A single followup letter 

was sent to all addresses on the pretest list on January 10, 1979. 

Response to the landlord pretest was a little over 56 percent 

(393 report forms were returned). 

Finalization of report form content-The data collected from 

the pretest mail ings were used in the design of the final report 

forms. The landlords had little apparent difficulty in completing 

the A9B-T1 and, except for a few minor format changes and the 

deletion of a separate cash expenditures column, the A9B was 

changed only slightly. Adjustments to the A9A were rather 

more extensive, including the deletion of the cash expenditures 

column and the entire section on machinery and investor 

capital. However, new sections on land acquisition, household 

characteristics, and production contracts were added, and the 

section on off-farm work was expanded. 

Sample selection-The sample design for the finance survey 

called for a stratified systematic sample of the in-scope respond-
SPECIAL CENSUSES AND PROGRAM SAMPLE SURVEYS 69 

ents to the 1978 census, excluding abnormal farms, to provide 

State-level estimates. Approximately 45,000 single and multiunit operations were selected nationwide. 

Stratification was by size indication (Le., total value of 

agricultural prod ucts sold) taken from respondents' census 

report forms. The characteristics of the sample strata and the 

number of operations selected in each stratum were as follows: 

Number Description Number in sample 

Total sample '44,968 

1-3 Total value of sales of 

$0 to $2,499 5,983 

4 Total value of sales of 

$2,500 to $9,999 9,907 

5-9 Total value of sales of 

$10,000 to $99,999 12,110 

10-11 Total value of sales of 

$100,000 to $499,999 10,352 

23-26 Total value of sale of 

$500,000 or more 6,616 

'Counts include multiunits selected for sample. 

Data Collection 

Preparations for mailout-The final versions of the report forms 

and all other materials for the initial mailouts to both operators 

and landlords were sent to the printer in October and November 

1979 and, upon receipt at Jeffersonville, were assembled into 

mailing packages. The operator's package contained the 79-A9A 

"Farm Finance Survey-1979 Operator's Report," a form A9A 

"pink" copy for the respondent's records, the form A9A(I) 

instruction sheet, a brochure "Why a Farm Finance Survey," a 

form 79-A9A-L 1 B cover letter, and a return envelope. The landlord's package was similar in content, with the appropriate 

report forms, brochure, and cover letter A9B-L 1 enclosed. 

Address labels for the operators' mailout Were produced in 

January and February 1980. Delays in completing the computer 

edit of 1978 census report forms for all the States led the 

Bureau to carry out the mailing to operators in three phases, as 

ti"fe sample lists and labels became available for each State. As 

the labels were produced, they were shipped to Jeffersonville 

for application. 

Mailout and mail fol!owup-The initial mailout to farm operators began in March 1980. Mailings had to be made on a modified 

flow basis not only because of the census processing delays, but 

also because a sma" percentage of addresses in the sample were 

in the samples for one or more of the other follow-on surveys as 

well. Therefore, it was decided to carry out a single initial mailO'Jt to include all of these cases. The initial mailout for landlords took place in September and October 1980 and followed 

the basic modified-flow pattern of the operator mailout. The 

primar:y mailing for each phase was carried out in three "waves" 

of irregular volume. The dates and counts for the initial operator and landlord mailout were as follows: 

INITIAL MAILOUT 

Operators Landlords 

Mailing Date Quantity Date Quantity 

Total ... 44,968 34,202 

mailed 

2 3 ,400 

not mailed 

Single unit, single 

form (SUSF) 

Wave 1 3/21/80 38,054 9/2/80- 21,512 

9/4/80 

Wave 2 5/6/80 224 9/25/80- 3,968 

10/1/80 

Wave 3 . , 6/18/80 1,317 12/16/80 8,722 

Single unit, multiform (SUMF) .. ' 4/18/80- 3,117 NA NA 

4/25/80 

Census of 

Agriculture 

Area sample 

cases (CAAS). 6/25/80- 810 

6/27/80 

Multiunits (MU), .. 6/6/80- 1,446 

6/11/80 

'The cases involved operations that had been selected for inclusion in 

the samples of two or more followup surveys, 

2 Report forms were not mai led to land lords identified as Governmental agencies, railroads, oil and utility companies; or to churches, 

Indian reservations, schools, or other tax-free institutions. 

Followup mailings were carried out in the same sequence as 

the initial mailouts (i.e., "waves" 1, 2, and 3; SUMF; CAAS). 

The first and third followup mailings involved complete survey 

packages-report form, records form, instruction sheet, cover 

letter, and return envelope-while the second followup consisted 

of a form letter requesting prompt response. 

Immediately following the cut-off date for each mailout, a 

file of delinquent cases was created. Address labels were produced for each followup mailing, and the mailing packages were 

assembled, labeled, and mailed. The dates and counts for the 

various followup mailings were as shown on the following page. 

Telephone followup-At the end of the August, after the completion of the SUSF mailings for the second followup to operators, the Bureau began a telephone followup of a random 

sample of nonrespondents, made up of 3,536 "certainty" and 

1,932 "noncertainty" cases. Most of this enumeration was done 

by the telephone staff at Jeffersonville. Very large cases and 

special problem cases and refusals were called by members of 

the Agriculture Division staff at Suitland. The Jeffersonvi"e 

telephone operation lasted until the end of December 1980, 

while a few calls continued to be made from Suitland during 

January and February 1981. 

No telephone followup on nonrespondent landlord cases 

was done.; 
70 SPECIAL CENSUSES AND PROGRAM SAMPLE SURVEYS 

Mailing 

Reminder letter 

(Wave 1 only) 

1 st followup 

Total ..... 

SUSF 

Wave 1 , . 

Wave 2 .... 

Wave 3 .... 

SUMF .. 

CAAS ...... 

MU .... 

2nd followup 

Total ... 

SUSF 

Wave 1 ... 

Wave 2 ... 

Wave 3 .... 

SUMF ...... 

CAAS. . . . . . . 

MU. . . . . . . . 

3rd followup 

Total .. 

SUSF 

Wave 1 .... 

Wave 2 .... 

Wave 3 ... 

4th followup 

Total ... 

SUSF ....... 

FOLLOWUP MAILINGS 

Operators 

Date Quantity 

4/20/80 20,849 

23,220 

5/23/80· 19,430 

5/28/80 

6/23/80 207 

7/21/80 979 

5/28/80· 1,469 

6/4/80 

9/9/80· 509 

7/23/80· 626 

7/28/80 

14,512 

6/23/80 11,964 

7/18/80 159 

8/19/80 683 

9/2/80· 1,290 

9/5/80 

NA NA 

9/11/80· 416 

9/15/80 

12,745 

7/17/80- 12.196 

7/22/80 

8/12/80 141 

9/16/80 408 

10,386 

8/12/80 10,386 

Landlords 

Date 

9/25/80-

10/1/80 

10/20/80· 

10/22/80 

1/28/80 

10/16/80-

10/20/80 

11/19/80 

2/24/81 

11/12/80 

12/8/80 

Quantity 

18,646 

11,631 

3,165 

3,850 

13,577 

9,390 

1,614 

2,573 

6,835 

5,601 

1,234 

Results-Overall response to both the operator and landlord 

phases of the finance survey was somewhat lower than for the 

census proper, a not unexpected result in view of the detail of 

data requested and the sensitivity of a few of the items. None· 

theless the operators' mail and telephone response was 73 percent, while that from landlords was 76 percent. 

Data Processing 

Receipt and check·in-AII receipts from both the operators and 

landlords were opened and sorted into work units of about 100 

report forms each for check-in keying, after which the receipts 

were resorted into batches for further processing. PM R's were 

referred for remailing, correspondence and report forms with 

correspondence attached were sent to the correspondence unit, 

and respondent report forms (including blank ones) were 

referred to the clerical edit staff. 

Precomputer edit-When the report forms from opel'ators were 

received, a number of processing steps were carried out prior to 

the precomputer edit: Landlord names and addresses were taken 

from the forms for the landlords' mailing list, previously identi· 

fied out·of·scope cases were withdrawn, "must" cases (large 

farms) were pulled from the batches, and blank or largely 

incomplete cases were sent to the correspondence or telephone 

units for further contact with respondents. 

The remaining forms were sent to the precomputer edit unit. 

The pu rposes of the precomputer edit were to identify and 

delete out-of-scope report forms, identify incomplete forms for 

additional followup, review the data on each report form for 

consistency, and ensure the keyability of each item on each 

report form. 

Both operator and landlord report forms were edited on a 

State basis. Each data entry was examined for completeness 

and legibility, and the contents of each form were cross-checked 

for internal consistency. Problem cases or very large operations 

were referred to technical analysts for review. I n some cases 

(e.g., if major portions of a form were left blank) the report 

forms were sent to the correspondence or telephone units for 

additional followup. Once completed by telephone, the report 

forms were cycled back through the precomputer edit. Any 

corrections necessary were made to the forms before they left 

the edit unit. 

Report forms from "must," multiunit, and multiform cases 

were referred to technical analysts for review and disposition. 

All operator report forms specifying off-farm work were 

coded for occupation and industry by the Current Population 

Surveys Branch of the Demographic Surveys Division. Approximately 12,000 reports were given three-digit codes indicating 

the occupation and type of industry of the operator and his or 

her spouse. The coding system was based on the industrial and 

occupational classification system used by the Bureau for the 

1970 Census of Population and Housing. 

After the initial edit, a sample of report forms was checked 

by a clerk other than the original editor, to verify the editing. 

The forms used in the verification edit were batched into work 

units of 100 each and were sent for data keying to magnetic 

tape. 

Computer edit-The keyed operator data were subjected 

to a series' of computer checks to determine whether all 

required entries had been made and were internally consistent. Problem items were "flagged" by the computer, and 

printouts displayed these items for review and correction by 

statistical analysts; the same procedures were followed later for 

the landlord survey data. Once all the data had been edited, a 

second, reconciliation, edit was carried out to assure that the 

data reported by operators and their landlords were consistent. 

Inconsistent items were displayed for review and correction. 

When operators reported data for a landlord, but no corre-
SPECIAL CENSUSES AND PROGRAM SAMPLE SURVEYS 71 

sponding landlord report had been received, it was necessary to 

impute data for the latter. Data on acreage and value of rented 

land were derived from the operators' report. Other items 

(except taxes) were imputed from the reports of comparable 

landlords in the same State. For nonmailed landlord reports 

only (1) the acreage and value of rented land and (2) cash rent 

were imputed, because most of these lands were essentially free 

of debt or taxes. 

A total of 33,065 operator report forms and 40,835 landlord report forms were used in the preparation of the farm 

finance data for publication. Some 1,922 operator forms were 

found to be from operations that did not qualify as farms in 

1979. A subsample of the approximately 10,000 nonrespondents was included in the telephone followup, and data collected 

from them were expanded to represent all nonrespondent cases. 

The difference between the 34,200 landlord forms mailed and 

the 40,835 included in the published tables resulted from the 

inclusion in the final tabulations of data for landlord report 

forms that were imputed. Some landlord forms that had been 

included in the mail operation were also eliminated because 

they did not meet the census definition of a landlord. 

Tabulation-After the computer edits were completed, the data 

were tabulated. The tables were reviewed by statisticians and 

corrections were made before the final tables were generated. 

Data from the farm finance survey were tabulated by State, 

divisions, regions, and for the United States as a whole. Tabulations by USDA geographic regions were also prepared. 

Publication 

Data were published for States, divisions, regions, and the 

United States as a whole. Reliability estimates for selected items 

are provided in the publ ication. 

The data from the finance survey were published in the 1978 

Census of Agriculture, Volume 5, Special Reports, Part 6,1979 

Farm Finance Survey. Unpublished data were supplied to the 

USDA (which had provided partial funding for the survey) for 

its analysis and ·use in revising benchmark figures for its annual 

estimates. 

1979 FARM ENERGY SURVEY 

Preparations 

PUrpose and scope-The increasing importance of data on the 

use of various forms of energy in the United States led the 

Bureau of the Census to consider, during the planning stages of 

the 1978 Census of Agriculture, collecting information from 

farmers on the cost, volume, and kinds of energy used in their 

agricultural operations. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) 

and USDA both demonstrated considerable interest in obtaining 

as much detailed data of this nature as possible. 

While the Census Bureau planned to include a section (25) 

in its standard census report forms requesting data on expenditures for selected types of energy (gasoline, LP gas, various 

fl,lels, etc.), gallons purchased and storage capacity, collection of 

all the detailed data desired was thought to be impractical in 

the census itself. However, the importance of the information 

prompted the Bureau to design a follow-on sample survey to 

obtain at least some of these data from a sample of farm operators. 

The 1979 Farm Energy Survey provided State- and nationallevel statistics on energy expenditures, volume of energy purchased (i .e., of gasoline, electricity, diesel fuel, etc.) and fueltype and size of equipment. A sample consisting of 33,800 

agricultural operations (excluding farms in Alaska and Hawaii, 

abnormal farms (i.e., institutional operations, etc.), and horticultural specialty operations) was selected from the I ist of inscope respondents to the 1978 Census of Agriculture. The 

survey was carried out beginning in March 1980, and all data 

were collected for calendar year 1979. 

General planning-The farm energy survey was the final sample 

survey to be selected for inclusion in the 1978 census program 

and planning was begun in August 1978. The Bureau held 

several meetings during the last quarter of the year with representatives of various data users to discuss the general plans for 

the survey and to consider data content of the report forms. A 

pretest of the proposed form was carried out from July through 

September 1979, and the survey itself was scheduled to begin in 

March 1980. 

Content pretest-A test version of the farm energy survey report 

form, the 78-A35(T), was prepared by the Bureau in cooperation with a USDA work group that had been established to 

review energy data needs. The A35(T) was a 21" x 14" sheet of 

buff stock, folded to 1 0-1 /2" x 14", with printing on both sides 

in black ink; there was no shading. The form was divided into 

20 sections and requested data on acreage; estimated gross value 

of products sold; energy expenditure and usage; fuel storage 

facilities and amount of fuel stored; type of delivery service for 

fuels; custom work; tractors and other motorized vehicles and 

equipment; irrigation pumps and other electric motors, crop 

drying or tobacco curing facilities; air-conditioning, heating, and 

water heating facilities; acres of selected crops and gross value of 

sales of crops and livestock; time requ ired to complete the 

report form; and the usual identification information. 

The sample selected for the pretest consisted of a random 

sample of approximately 1,250 in-scope addresses drawn from 

the respondent lists from the 1978 census for 10 States5 , plus 

cluster samples of about 100 respondent in-scope farms each 

in Lancaster Co., Pa., and Duplin Co., N.C. 

Accordingly, 1,470 pretest packages, consisting of a report 

form, cover letter, instruction sheet, and return envelope, were 

assembled at Suitland and were mailed on July 9, 1979. Three 

weeks later, a second mailing was made to a/l pretest addresses. 

This mailing involved a complete pretest package, except that 

the cover letter was replaced with a "second request" letter. By 

the end of August, a response rate ·of 40 percent (approximately 

600 report forms, including 20 PMR's) had been achieved. In 

early September, members of the Agriculture Division staff 

undertook field interviews of all the addresses in the cluster 

SAlabama, Delaware, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Pennsylvania, 

Washington, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. 
72 SPECIAL CENSUSES AND PROGRAM SAMPLE SURVEYS 

samples. The purpose of this field followup was not to obtain 

complete report forms per se, although forms could be completed, but to get operators' reactions to the report form. By 

the end of September 1979, when mail receipts for the pretest 

were closed out and the field followup had been completed, 

1,063 report forms had been filled out and returned to the 

Bureau. 

Finalization of the report form-Significant changes were made 

to the energy survey report form as the result of responses 

obtained from the pretest. Most obviously, the size and general 

format of the form was changed to a 21" x 17" sheet of white 

stock, folded to 1 0-1 /2" x 17", with printing on both sides in 

black ink, and shading in buff over the entire face of each page 

except for response boxes. Sections 2 (on gross value of all agricultural products sold) and 19 (time required for filing report) 

were deleted from the final design. A new section 2, requesting 

information on whether selected energy conservation measures 

were being used, was added to the form. In section 3 (energy 

expenditures and usage) the test form's request for "estimated 

amount used" of selected energy sources was changed to 

"estimated amount purchased," and in section 8, the year of 

manufacture was requested for wheel tractors instead of model 

year. The final version of the A35 energy survey form was 

approved and sent for printing in December 1979. 

Sample selection-As was the case with the other follow-on 

surveys, the selection of a sample for the farm energy survey 

was held up by delays in processing the report forms for the 

1978 Census of Agriculture. Nevertheless, sample selection 

began in December 1979. The result was a stratified sample of 

all agricultural operations (excluding abnormal farms and horticultural specialties) in the 48 contiguous States. All "certainty" 

cases6 and a random sample of all other agricultural operations 

were selected for enumeration. Selection frequency varied 

among the strata, which were established on the basis of 1978 

census reported sales, and was set so as to provide reliable Statelevel estimates. The total number of cases selected, including all 

"certainty" and multiunit operations, was 33,810. 

Data Collection 

The initial mailout-The report forms and other materials for 

the initial mailout for the energy survey were shipped to 

Jeffersonville in December 1979, where they were assembled 

into mailing packages. Each package contained an A35 report 

form, a form A35 "gray" file copy for the respondent's records, 

a form A35 (I) instruction sheet, an A36 information brochure, 

a form A8A outgoing envelope, and either a form A35-L 1 A or 

A-35-L 1 B transmittalletter. 7 

6Status as a "certainty" case was determined by the total value of 

agricultural products sold as reported in the 1978 Oensus of Agriculture. 

The minimum sales required varied among States; the smallest that would 

qualify an operation as a "certainty" case was $250,000. In States with 

more extensive agricultural operations, the minimum sales requirement 

was as high as $500,000. 

7The L 1 B letter included a toll-free telephone number at the Bureau 

that repondents could call for assistance. 

Address labels for the survey began to arrive in Jeffersonville 

in March and the energy survey mailout was done on the same 

flow basis used for the other follow-on surveys. The dates and 

totals for the initial mailout were as follows: 

Initial Mailout 

Mailing Date Quantity 

Total ...... 33,810 

Single unit, single form 

(SUSF) 

Wave 1 . ...... 3/21/80 - 4/4/80 27,651 

Wave 2 ....... 5/6/80 87 

Wave 3 ....... 6/18/80 1,039 

Single unit, multiform 

(SUM F) 

Regular ....... 3/18/80 - 4/25/80 2,941 

Census of agriculture 

area sample (CAAS) 

cases .... 6/25/80 - 6/27/80 769 

Multiunit (MU) ...... 6/6/80 - 6/11 /80 1,323 

Mail followup- Mail followup of the farm energy survey consisted of a reminder mailing to addresses sent survey packages in 

the earliest initial mailings and four regular followup mailings. 

Reminder letters were mailed on April 28 to 11,463 nonrespondent SUSF "wave 1" addresses and, in the second week of 

May, to 1 ,661 nonrespondent SUMF cases. The first and third 

of the regular followup mailings consisted of a survey package 

including a report form, instruction sheet, information brochure 

and return envelope. The second and fourth followups involved 

letters requesting response. 

The address lists for each followup were compiled in the 

usual way (i.e., by matching respondent lists to the address list 

immediately following the return cutoff date for each mailing), 

and address labels were delivered to Jeffersonville for application to the preassembled mailing packages. All the followup 

mailings were carried out on the same flow basis as the initial 

mailout, although there was only one followup to area sample 

survey multiform cases and only two followup mailings were 

carried out for the regular multiform (SUMF) and multiunit 

(MU) cases. The dates and counts for the various phases of the 

followup mailings were as shown on the following page. 

Telephone followup-At the end of August all nonrespondent 

"certa inty" cases and a 1-in-6 random sample of nonrespondent 

noncertainty cases, approximately 2,900 in all, were referred to 

the telephone unit at Jeffersonville for possible followup. Calls 

to non respondents were made through September and October. 

When an operator was contacted, an attempt was made to 

collect the required data by telephone interview, or, if that was 

not possible, the farm operator was asked to complete the 

report form on his or her own and mail it back to the Bureau. 

By the time the telephone followup was closed down at the end 

of October, 2,000 additional cases had been resolved by telephone or by mail. The telephone followup included a subsample of non respondents that was expanded in the tabulations 

to represent all non respondent cases. 
SPECIAL CENSUSES AND PROGRAM SAMPLE SURVEYS 73 

Followup Mailings 

1st fol!owup 

Total. 

SUSF 

Wave 1 ....... . 

Wave 2 .. . 

Wave 3 .. . 

SUMF, regular. 

SUMF, CAAS . 

MU .... 

2nd followup 

Total .. 

SUSF 

Wave 1 ... 

Wave 2 ...... . 

Wave 3 .... . 

SUMF, regular ... 

MU ..... 

3rd followup 

Total. 

SUSF 

Wave 1 .. 

Wave 2 ...... . 

Wave 3 .. . 

4th fol!owup 

Total .. 

SUSF 

Wave 1 ....... . 

Date 

5/21/80 - 5/26/80 

6/19/80 

7/21/80 

5/28/80 - 6/4/80 

9/9/80 - 9/11-80 

7/23/80 - 7/28/80 

6/19/80 

7/18/80 

8/19/80 

9/2/80 - 9/5/80 

9/11-80 - 9/15/80 

7/17/80 - 7/22/80 

8/11/80 

9/16/80 

8/12/80 

Quantity 

14,064 

10,855 

64 

702 

1,386 

482 

575 

11,208 

9,027 

52 

530 

1,217 

382 

8,230 

7,863 

47 

320 

6,564 

6,564 

Results-Overall response to the farm energy survey was somewhat lower than for the census itself, but was comparable to the 

response rate attained for the other follow-on surveys. Approximately 27,400 A35 report forms (about 81 percent of the mailout) were in h"cmd before the closeout of the data-collection 

phase of the operation. 

Data Processing 

Receipt and check-in-As themail returns began arriving in early 

April at Jeffersonville, they were opened and batched into work 

units of about 100 report forms each for check-in keying. After 

this, PMR's were referred for remailing and correspondence or 

report forms with correspondence attached were referred to the 

correspondence unit, while respondents' report forms were 

sorted by State, rebatched into work units of approximately 

100 forms, and sent to the clerical edit staff. All clerical proprocessing of the report forms, except for special cases referred 

to analysts in Suitland, was done at Jeffersonville. 

Precomputer edit and data·keying-The purposes of the precomputer, or clerical, edit were to (1) make certain the report 

forms could be keyed for computer processing, (2) identify and 

delete out-of-scope report forms, (3) determine which report 

forms required additional followup, and (4) review the data 

on each report form for accuracy and consistency. The 

clerical staff examined each data entry for eligibility, completeness, and consistency with other rei eva nt items. Problem 

and multiunit cases, and report forms from very large operations 

were referred to technical analysts in Suitland for their review 

or, in cases where major portions of the forms had been left 

blank, to the correspondence or telephone units for additional 

followup. Corrections were made to each form as necessary 

before it was released from the clerical edit unit. 

The edited report forms were sent on for data keying to 

magnetic tape beginning in the last week of April. After keying 

was completed, the data were transmitted to Suitland by telephone datalink for computer processing. 

Computer edit-Beginning in December 1980, the keyed data 

were subjected to a series of computer checks at the Bureau's 

main computer facility at Suitland. These checks were similar, 

in general procedure and objective, to those carried out for the 

other follow-on surveys. Data for each operation were checked 

for completeness and internal consistency and problem items 

were "flagged" by computer for review by technical analysts. In 

some cases, data items left blank by respondents were imputed 

by computer, using values derived from similar operations. After 

analYsts' corrections had been made, each case was reedited to 

ensure that the new data were consistent with other data. 

Tabulation-The data were tabulated using the GTS software 

package. Tabulations were produced for the United States, divisions, regions, and States. A detailed review of the summary 

data was made to check consistency and reasonableness compared to the 1978 census and other related check data. Corrections were carried to the data file prior to the final tabulations. 

A series of special statistical tabulations were also generated 

specifically for research use by the Bureau and by USDA. 

(These special tabulations were not included in the publication 

for the survey, but are available to data users on a reimbursable 

basis.) 

Publication 

The data from the energy survey were published in the 1978 

Census of Agriculture, Volume 5, Special Reports, Part 9, 1979 

Farm Energy Survey. Estimates of the reliability of the sample 

data at national, division, region, and State levels, were provided 

in the publication. 
74 

INTRODUCTION 

Historical Background 

A census of the population of Puerto Rico was carried out in 

1899, but there was no census of agriculture on the island taken 

until 191 O. Thereafter, censuses of agriculture were conducted 

every 10 years in conjunction with the decennial population 

censuses. 

Congress enacted legislation providing for quinquennial 

censuses of agriculture in the United States as early as 1915 

(although I:,ecause of the First World War the first such census 

was not carried out until 1925), but neither Puerto Rico nor 

the outlying areas were included in the mid-decade agricultural 

enumerations until 1964.1 (A special census of agriculture in 

Puerto Rico was carried out by the Puerto Rico Reconstruction 

Administration in 1935, but this was the only nondecennial 

agricultural count taken.) The next agricultural census, covering 

the year 1969, was taken in 1970 in conjunction with the 

decennial census of population and housing, while the 1974 

enumeration was once again an independent operation. In 1972, 

a decision was made to do the agricultural and other economic 

censuses at the same time (1983, for 1982), so as to provide 

data for the same reference year. (See chapter 1 for discussion.) 

In order to carry out this plan with a minimum disruption to 

census operations, the intercensal period between the 1974 

agriculture census and the next census was shortened from 5 

years to 4, so that the succeeding enumeration would be carried 

out for 1978, rather than 1979. (The economic censuses are 

conducted for years ending in "2" and "7", hence, with a 

second 4-year interval after the 1978 operation, the agriculture 

census would be carried out simultaneously with the economic 

enumeration for 1982.) However, the Bureau decided to take 

advantage of the presence in Puerto Rico in 1978 of the office 

staff and facilities of the 1977 Economic Censuses. The 

agricultural census schedule in the Commonwealth of Puerto 

Rico was advanced by nearly a year, so that the principal 

data-collection operations there would be carried out in the 

summer of 1978, rather than concurrently with the major 

enumeration in the 50 States, and would collect data for the 12-

month period from July 1, 1977 through June 30, 1978. 

1 In 1957 an amendment to title 13 provided that Alaska, Hawaii, the 

Virgin Islands, Guam, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico were to be 

included in the quinquennial enumeration for 1964. 

Chapter 7. 

1978Census 

of Agriculture in 

Puerto Rico 

Legal Authority and Special Agreement With the 

Commonwealth Government 

The conduct of the 1978 Census of Agriculture in Puerto 

Rico was governed by the provisions of title 13, U.S. Code, and 

acts of the Legislature of Puerto Rico relating to censuses, to 

the extent that such acts were consistent with title 13. A 

special agreement between the Bureau of the Census and the 

Government of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, signed in 

August 1977, set forth the functions and responsibilities of the 

Bureau and of the Commonwealth Government in the census. 

The Bureau of the Census had final responsibility for planning and conducting the enumeration, including the operation of a temporary census office in Puerto Rico, the appointment of a supervisor of the census and of Bureau staff personnel 

as advisors and liaison to the census staff, and the maintenance 

of confidentiality. The Commonwealth Government agreed to 

make qualified personnel from the Puerto Rico agricultural 

agencies available to the Bureau on a reimbursable basis to work 

as "special farms" crew leaders. While the Census Bureau 

retained authority with regard to the final questionnaire content 

and tabulations to be published, it agreed to consult with the 

Commonwealth Government to determine if special data needs 

could be incorporated into the regular tabulation program. Any 

tabulations not included in the regular program were to be 

provided to the agencies at a nominal fee at the same time as the 

standard tabulations. 

Definition of a Farm 

The statistics collected in the 1978 Census of Agriculture in 

Puerto Rico relate to places with agricultural operations that 

qualified as farms according to the definition used by the 

Bureau of the Census. These included all places of three 

cuerdas'l or more where agricultural products other than 

vegetables for home consumption were produced, or where any 

livestock or 15 or more chickens or other poultry were kept. 

Places of less than 3 cuerdas could qualify as farms if they had 

gross sales of agricultural products of $100 or more during the 

12 months from July 1, 1977 through June 30, 1978, or if they 

expected to have gross sales of $100 or more during calendar 

year 1978. 

2 A cuerda is approximately .97 of an acre. 
1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE IN PUERTO RICO 75 

PLANNING AND PREPARATION 

Planning 

Preliminary plans-Planning for the 1978 census in Puerto Rico 

started in early 1977. By May of that year, Agriculture Division 

staff were beginning to draw up preliminary plans for the 1978 

agriculture census in the Commonwealth, and in July, repre· 

sentatives of the Bureau met with the Commonwealth Govern· 

ment's I nteragency Advisory Committee to request assistance 

and coordinate planning. Initial plans called for a conventional 

operation, with the principal data-collection effort being under· 

taken concurrently with the census in the 50 States. However, 

as explained above, it was noted that the 1977 Economic 

Censuses of Puerto Rico would be underway in the first half of 

1978, with an office established and administrative and field 

staffs in place. Rather than carry out the economic censuses, 

close down the operation, and then duplicate the entire effort in 

1979, the Bureau suggested bringing the agricultu ral census 

forward a year, to mid·1978, thus utilizing the economic 

censuses' facilities to the greatest extent possible. This would 

result in considerable economies in both money and personnel, 

as well as provide the agriculture census with a pool of enumerators, crew leaders, and so on with some experience in census 

activities. The Commonwealth Government agreed to the 

change, and announced it publicly in September 1977. 

Census schedule-Once the new date of the census was set, 

Bureau staff and representatives of the Commonwealth Government drew up a tentative schedule of census activities, as 

follows: 

1977 

Plan the major census operations with the Puerto Rico Agriculture Advisory Committee and officials of the Commonwealth 

Government. 

Prepare a memorandum of agreement between the Bureau of 

the Census and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico regarding the 

conduct of the census. 

Prepare drafts of report forms and other necessary census 

materials. 

Develop a control file for special farms, to be used in 1978. 

1978 

Translate final drafts of report forms and other census materials 

into Spanish. 

Print report forms and other materials. 

Carry out a test of the feasibility of using Puerto Rico Department 

of Agriculture farm lists as quality control lists for the census. 

Evaluate results of the feasibility test. 

Recruit and train the enumerator staff (as necessary) for the 

agriculture census. 

Carry out a Special Farm Identification Survey to locate 

"special" farms for the mail portion of the census. 

Conduct the enumeration. 

Check in, review, and correct the census returns. 

Ship report forms to Data Preparation Division, Jeffersonville, 

Ind., for data keying. 

1979 

Prepare specifications for computer processing and computer 

programs. 

Key the data to computer tape for processing. 

Perform computer edits and correct records. 

Tabulate the data. 

1980 

Publish the results of the enumeration. 

Every effort was made to adhere to this timetable, but 

events, most notably water damage to the Suitland computer 

facilities and the resultant scheduling-priority conflicts with 

both the 1977 Economic Censuses and 1980 Census of Population and Housing programs, caused considerable revision in the 

Puerto Rico schedule. 

General plan for the census-The principal data-collection effort 

for the census was to be a two-part operation: the first part 

included the enumeration of "special farms," i.e., farms identified in the 1974 census as having 200 cuerdas or more, or sales 

of $20,000 or more; while the second part of the census was 

the field enumeration, which covered "regular farms." "Special 

farms" were to be identified in a survey carried out by mail 

early in 1978, and then enumerated by mail concurrently 

with the regular field enumeration. For regular operations, 

report forms were to be completed by enumerators, with 

information supplied by respondents during personal interviews. 

Completed report forms for both kinds of operations would be 

subject to certain review procedures in the Puerto Rico field 

office, after which they would be shipped to Suitland for precomputer processing. 

Preparatory Operations 

Report forms-The standard report form for Puerto Rico was 

the 78-A 1 (PR)SP, used for all farms in the Commonwealth. This 

was an 8-page, 10W' x 16" booklet printed on white stock 

with blue ink and shading. The A 1 report form used for "special 

farms" was identical, except that it was printed on salmoncolored stock. (The mailing to special farms and the field 

enumeration used Spanish-language forms (hence the "SP" in 

the form number), although an English-language version was 

available upon request.) 

The report form was divided into 28 sections that requested 

data on the following: 

Ownership, and/or renting/leasing of land from or to others 

Cuerdas harvested and amount sold for selected crops 

Land use 

Irrigation 

Livestock and poultry inventory and sales, and sales of livestock and poultry products 

Products for home consumption 

Machinery, equipment, buildings, and facilities 
76 1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE IN PUERTO RICO 

Hired workers 

Use of chemicals (herbicides, fungicides, other pesticides, 

lime, etc.) 

Expenses 

Value of sales of selected products 

Farm-related income 

Farm business organization 

Operator characteristics 

Farm listing pretest-The general acceleration of the schedule of 

the census in Puerto Rico precluded extensive pretesting of the 

report form, but the design developed was very similar to the 

successful 1974 form and no major problems were anticipated. 

However, the Bureau bel ieved that a test of the proposed farmlisting screening questions was necessary. In addition, the Puerto 

Rico Department of Agriculture (PRDA) offered the Bureau the 

use of its own farm lists for each municipio as a quality control 

resource to check coverage-i.e., enumerators' lists of farms canvassed could be compared by census personnel to the PRDA 

lists to determine whether complete coverage of farms in each 

municipio had been achieved. To be of any use, the control lists 

had to be accurate and up-to-date, so the Bureau took the 

opportunity to test both its screening questions and the PRDA's 

lists in a small-scale prelisting operation. Six municipios in the 

southwestern part of Puerto Rico (the least urbanized area) 

were chosen for the test, and a small staff of enumerators was 

sent into the field to identify and list the agricultural operations 

in each municipio. The prelisting was carried out in January and 

February of 1978. The proposed screening questions provided 

adequate means of identifying farms, and the operations listed 

were matched to the PRDA lists. The comparison revealed that 

the PRDA lists were incomplete for census purposes and the 

idea of using them as coverage quality control resources was 

dropped. Instead it was decided that a number of farm operations in each crew leader district should be prelisted, and then 

matched to enumerators' lists during the enumeration to 

identify areas with coverage problems. 

Special farm identification survey-There was no complete and 

up·to-date list of the "special," or large, farms in Puerto Rico 

when the Bureau decided to enumerate them by mail, so an 

address list had to be compiled. A preliminary list was 

assem bled, primarily from the 1974 census farm list and from 

the records of the Puerto Rico Department of Agriculture, 

which necessarily included a substantial number of addresses 

whose status as "special" farms was questionable. To determine 

the current status of these addresses, a farm identification 

survey was carried out in the spring of 1978. A report form, the 

78-A30(PR)SP, was prepared that asked whether the recipient 

operated a farm, raised any crops for sale, or had any livestock 

or poultry, and the location of the farm. Respondents not 

actively farming, or who had reduced the size of their operations, would be removed from the list, while the names and 

addresses of any new operators obtained from farms that had 

changed operators would be added. 

The first mailout for the identification survey was to be 

made from Suitland in March 1978, with two followup mailings 

in April, but preparations for the main census operation delayed 

the initial mailout until April. This was only 3 months prior to 

Census Day (July 1) in the Commonwealth, but it was decided 

to go on with the survey mailing in the hope of improving the 

quality of the address list, although the followups were 

dropped. Accordingly, approximately 2,000 A30(PR)SP report 

forms were mailed to addresses on the special farms list in the 

second week of April. By the end of the first week in June, 749 

forms (about 37-percent response) had been received. Since the 

mailing list had to be finalized some time before the actual mailout to the special farms, scheduled for June 12, the identification survey was closed down at this point. 

Field Organization and Training 

General organization-The Bureau of the Census opened its 

office in San Juan, Puerto Rico, in October 1977, to prepare for 

the 1977 Economic Censuses. The local census manager was 

selected from several candidates and served as the principal 

manager of census operations for both the economic and 

agricultural censuses. While the primary concern of the field 

office and the staff during their first several months of operations was the economic enumeration, which began in January 

1978, certain preliminary work on the agriculture census, such 

as the quality control list pretest, was carried out simultaneously with economic census operations. By May 1978, the 

office was changing its principal focus from the economic to the 

agricultural operation. 

The Bureau's Field Division had primary operational 

responsibility for the field enumeration (although AgriCUlture 

Division's Outlying Areas Branch carried out most of the 

mailing operation) and a member of its regular staff was 

assigned to the Puerto Rico office as liaison between the office 

and Bureau headquarters. The Agriculture Division assigned 

members of its staff as technical advisors and reviewers during 

the enumeration, followup, and processing_ Space for the census 

office, located in San Juan, was contracted for by the General 

Services Administration (GSA), and office equipment was also 

provided by the GSA, or was rented locally. 

Regional census offices were not established for the 1978 

enumeration. Instead, the seven supervisory crew leaders ran 

their district enumerations from their homes. Local municipio 

governments were contacted by the census office and provided 

space, on a temporary basis, for such local activities as crew 

leader and enumerator training, payroll computation, and so on. 

Recruiting and training-Recruiting for the field enumeration 

staff began April 24, 1978. A total of 58 crew leaders and 

nearly,600 enumerators were required for the census, many of 

whom were selected from among people who had taken part in 

the economic censuses. By the last week of May, the crew 

leaders and over 500 enumerators had been selected. In midMay, the Field Division liaison began conducting training classes 

for the seven supervisory crew leaders. When their own training 

was completed, the supervisory crew leaders then held 3-day 

training classes for their crew leaders on May 31 and June 1-2. 

The crew leaders, in turn, were responsible for training their 

enumerators, and conducted their own training classes during 

the period June 13-16. By June 19, the recruiting and training 

effort was complete and the field enumeration began_ 
1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE IN PUERTO RICO 77 

Enumeration materials- The Enumerator's Manual (form A 10 

(PR)SP) and the Training Guide for Enumerators (A 11 (PR)SP) 

were the basic procedural volumes used to instruct the field 

staff. The Enumerator's Manual was the principal reference 

source for enumerators in the field. 

There were also training guides for crew leaders (the 

A8(PR)SP), a Crew Leader's Manual (A9(PR)SP), and training 

guides for special farms and quality-<:ontrol enumerators (because 

so few were produced, no form numbers were assigned). In 

addition, an Office Procedures Manual (A46(PR)SP) and an 

Administrative Manual (250(PR)SP) were available for use at 

the census field office. All of these materials, the enumerator, 

crew leader, and supervisory crew leader guides and manuals, 

and the office procedures manual, were prepared in English 

at Suitland, translated into Spanish by Bureau personnel, and 

reproduced prior to shipment to Puerto Rico. 

The field and office staffs required detailed maps of the 

Commonwealth to facilitate complete enumeration. The 

Bureau's Geography Division prepared 1 :20,000-scale detailed 

maps of each enumerator's area of responsibility, using information from aerial maps and U.S. Geological Survey "quad" maps, 

and aerial photographs of each enumeration district (ED) were 

provided to enumerators to supplement their maps. 

Publicity-The publicity campaign for the 1978 Census of 

Agriculture in Puerto Rico had two major functions: to 

publicize the census and encourage cooperation and response, 

and to help in recruiting the census staff. The Bureau's Public 

Information Office (PIO) designed and produced a poster to 

help in the staff recruitment effort, and in April, 700 copies, 

each with 50 job-application/reply cards attached, were shipped 

to the Commonwealth to advertise both the census operation 

and the opportunities for employment on the agricultural 

census staff. News releases announcing the commencement of 

hiring for the census staff and the beginning of the enumeration 

itself were also prepared and sent to the San Juan office for 

release to some 85 major media outlets across the island. 

With relatively little time available for the campaign to have 

its effect, the Bureau concentrated its effort on the broadcast 

media as the likeliest method of reaching the greatest number of 

farm operators in the shortest period of time. A set of color 

slides on the census, together with a taped narration, was 

developed and five kits were made up (one with English narration and four with Spanish) for release to the five Puerto Rico 

television stations. In addition, a set of two 60-second, one 30-

second, and three 15-second radio spots was prepared and sent 

to 75 radio stations in the Commonwealth. (As in the 50 States, 

these tapes, slides, etc. were broadcast on a pUblic-service basis.) 

All of these materials, developed initially by the PIO, were translated and recorded at Department of Commerce facilities in 

Washington, D.C. 

A request was also made to the Governor's office that the 

first week of the enumeration be proclaimed the "Week of the 

Census of Agriculture." The proclamation was prepared and 

issued, and responsibility for publicizing it was assumed by the 

census office. 

The publicity campaign was of relatively short duration and 

coming as it did so soon after the economic census, put a con: 

siderable public service burden on the local news media. Nevertheless, the Bureau received substantial help from the local 

media and considered the publicity campaign successful. 

ENUMERATION 

Special Farms Enumeration 

Mailout-The enumeration of special farms in Puerto Rico was 

a two-stage operation, consisting of a mail out of report forms to 

addresses on the Bureau's special-farms list, followed within a 

month or so by a field followup of non respondent cases. The 

mailing packages for special farms, each containing a 78-

A 1 (PR)SP report form, a return envelope, a form 78-A 1 (PR)-L 1 

cover letter, and an instruction sheet, were assembled and had 

address labels applied at Jeffersonville. Some 3,000 packages 

were prepared in mid-June and were shipped to San Juan, 

arriving there on June 23. The packages were immediately 

delivered to the post office and mailed to farm operators. 

Field followup-By the third week of July, 335 responses to the 

special farms mailing had been received and the census office 

was preparing for the field followup of non respondents. Seven 

crew leaders assigned to the special farm enumeration, one for 

each of seven special crew leader districts, were employees of 

the Puerto Rico agricultural agencies. Their duties and responsibilities were similar to those assigned to crew leaders in the 

regular field operation (see below for details)' Some of the 

enumerators selected from the field staff already involved in 

carrying out the census of small and medium-sized farms were 

given a special 3-day training session between July 19 and 22, 

primarily to familiarize them with the special-farms control lists, 

the Special Farm Identification Survey form 78-A30(PR )SP, 

etc. Each enumerator was given a kit containing the control list 

of special farms in his or her assigned area (one enumerator 

was generally responsible for the special farms in several regular 

enumerators' districts), a supply of A1 (PR)SP report forms, and 

the A30(PR)SP's for special farms in the area, as well as the 

necessary manuals and maps. The field followup of special farms 

began the next day, July 23. 

Special-farms enumerators visited every address on their 

Special Farms Control List and completed an A 1 (PR)SP report 

form for every operation, unless the land had been idle or 

retained for nonagricultural purposes during the 12 months 

preceding the enumeration. 

Work on the enumeration of special farms continued for 

nearly 10 weeks, until the end of the first week of September 

1978. Approximately 500 A1 (PR)SP report forms were received 

by mail, while over 2,500 were completed by the field staff. An 

attempt was made, early in the census, to follow up selected 

large non respondents by telephone, but only a handful of cases 

were successfully resolved in this way and the use of the 

telephone for this purpose was discontinued at the end of July. 

A total of 3,052 agricultural operations were enumerated by the 

special-farms data-collection effort. 

Field Enumeration 

Taking the census-For the purposes of the field enumeration 

Puerto Rico was divided into seven supervisory crew leade; 
78 1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE IN PUERTO RICO 

districts (SCLD's). Each SCLD, in turn, contained between 6 

and 10 crew leader districts (CLD's)-58 in all-which were 

made up of individual enumeration districts (ED's). Each 

enumerator was assigned a specific geographic area (his or her 

ED) to canvass and was provided with a census kit that included 

a supply of form A 1 (PR )SP questionnaires to be filled out for 

each farm operator interviewed, a map (to be updated as the 

canvassing proceeded) and an aerial photograph of the ED, a 

"skip list" of special farms not to be enumerated, and a record 

book for the ED. The record book had a cover (form 

A-5(PR)SP) that identified the enumerator and the supervisor, 

the ED, municipio, and barrio involved (each ED usually 

encompassed an entire barrio), and the enumeration procedure 

code (see below). It also contained a supply of form A3(PR)SP 

Listing Pages and A4(PR )SP Nonresident Operator Cards. The 

A3(PR)SP contained the screening questions asked for each 

respondent in order to determine whether his or her place was 

a farm, while the A4(PR)SP cards were used to record basic 

information about nonresident farm operators and their farms. 

(A4(PR)SP's were also completed at closeout time for callback 

failures.) 

In predominantly rural ED's, the canvassing was done using 

"procedure A." Procedure A involved door-to-door canvassing, 

except in built-up residential areas called "clusters," where there 

were 50 or more buildings, each on half a cuerda or less of land. 

Enumerators could "spot check" households in clusters to 

inquire among the residents as to whether anyone operated a 

farm, and enumerate any operators so identified in the usual 

way. Clusters were shown on the ED maps as shaded areas, but 

if an enumerator found an area qualifying as a cluster but not 

shown as such 01: the ED map, he or she outlined the area on 

the map and assigned a cluster letter to it. Such "new" clusters 

were canvassed after the crew leader had reviewed the map or 

area involved and decided which method (door-to-door, or 

spot-check) was to be used. 

"Procedure 8" canvassing was used in ED's that were in 

mostly urban areas, or that had 10 or fewer farms listed in the 

1974 Census of Agriculture of Puerto Rico. For procedure 8 

ED's, the names and addresses of known farms (drawn from 

1974 census lists) were entered on the A-3(PR)SP Listing Pages 

in the record book for the ED, and the enumerator visited each 

address. 

In both procedures, the enumerator began the interview by 

asking the respondent the name of the head of the household 

and a screening question as follows: 

Did you in the last 12 months raise, produce or sell any 

crops, vegetables for sale, ornamental or flowering plants, or 

have1 or more cattle? 

1 or more pigs? 

15 or more poultry? 

If the respondent answered "yes" to any part of this inquiry, 

the enumerator then asked if the place had three or more 

cuerdas. If so, a completed questionnaire was required. Places of 

less than 3 cuerdas qualified as farms if the gross sales from 

agricultural products from July 1, 1977 through June 30, 1978, 

or the expected gross sales during the calendar year 1978, were 

$100 or more. 

When a place qualified as a farm but contained no housing 

unit, or the operator did not live in any housing unit on the 

place, the enumerator completed an A4(PR)SP Nonresident 

Operator Card for the farm and assigned the first unused 

A4(PR)SP serial number to the operation. Enumerators consulted neighbors, or any other likely source, to obtain the 

addresses of nonresidential operators. If the operator lived in 

the same ED as the farm in question, the enumerator completed 

a report form when visiting the operator's residence. If the 

operator lived outside the ED containing his or her farm, the 

case (with the appropriate A4 card) was referred by the 

enumerator to his or her crew leader, who then referred it to the 

crew leader in whose district the farm operator lived. 

Callbacks-When an enumerator found no one at home, neighbors were contacted to try to determine whether or not the 

household was engaged in agricultural operations. If it could be 

established that no one in the household was involved in 

farming, no callback was required, but if this could not be confirmed the enumerator was to find out the best time to call back 

and note it in the A3(PR)SP listing for the address. Any 

additional information regarding the address was included in 

the "Remarks" section of the listing book. Enumerators were to 

try to make callback visits as soon as possible after the initial 

one, so as to avoid an accumulation of delayed work. 

Field Review and Quality Control 

The quality control plan for the 1978 census involved three 

distinct phases: an observation period for enumerators, a field 

review of the enumerators' completed work, and a match of 

enumerators' farm listings to quality-control prelists to check 

for coverage. 

The observation period involved the selection by each crew 

leader of the four enumerators who, in the crew leader's judgment, had the most difficulty in performing their required 

duties. The crew leaders accompanied the enumerators selected 

when the latter began canvassing. Any difficulties the enumerators might have were noted and they were retrained if 

necessary. No enumerator chosen for observation was permitted to begin canvassing without supervision until he or she 

had demonstrated a satisfactory capacity to the crew leader. 

As early in the enumeration as possible, the crew leaders 

carried out a review of the work of their other enumerators. 

This review covered all aspects of the enumeration-field canvassing techniques, completion of forms, listing, etc. Those 

passing this review continued working, while those who failed it 

were either retrained or released, depending on the nature of 

their problem. 

A second review of all of the materials for each ED-listing 

pages, report forms, map, etc.-was done by the crew leader or 

supervisory crew leader responsible before those materials were 

accepted as complete. 

A coverage check of each CLD was also carried out by a staff 

of quality-control enumerators. Prior to the start of the field 
1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE IN PUERTO RICO 79 

enumeration, 30 quality-control enumerators selected four 

addresses at random within each CLD and prelisted those places 

and the five consecutive addresses immediately following them 

that should be visited by an enumerator. This prelist then was 

compared to the enumerators' listing pages during the crew 

leaders' review of their enumerators' work to determine whether 

or not complete coverage was being obtained. It was found that, 

in general, very good coverage was being achieved by field 

enumerators. 

Enumeration Results 

By the end of July approximately 24,000 A 1 (PR)SP report 

forms had been filled out for places identified as having agricultural activities. The enumeration continued until September 9, 

when the canvass of the last outstanding ED was completed. 

While some 33,700 report forms were filled out during the 

enumeration, those that were identified as representing places 

that were considered out of scope (i.e., not meeting the farm 

definition), or were found to be duplicates, were deleted from 

the census file. A total of 31,983 in-scope forms were identified 

and contributed data for tabulation and publication. 

POST-ENUMERATION EVALUATION 

SURVEY 

While a general evaluation of the agricultural census in Puerto 

Rico was not carried out, the Bureau conducted a post-enumeration evaluation survey in an attempt to determine how 

thoroughly enumerators had completed census report forms, 

and the effect, if any, of editing and processing procedures 

(particularly imputation for missing data) on the accuracy of 

the statistical summaries drawn from the census data. The 

survey design called for the selection of a sample of completed 

special and regular farm cases. Photocopies of the report forms 

for the sample cases were to be made and any changes made by 

the editing staff were to be marked out; each report form was 

then to be closely reedited for consistency of reported data-no 

imputation for missing items was to be done. Report forms that 

failed this edit, that is, those with missing data or incomplete 

or inconsistent entries, were to be subjects of a field followup, 

with an enumerator visiting each subject operation in an 

attempt to obtain the necessary data_ Once the followup operation was completed, the report forms would be reedited, and 

~he data from the sample would be processed and tabulated for 

comparison to the data from the same operations as processed 

by the regular census procedures. 

Plans for the evaluation survey were completed and approved 

in August and September 1978. The sample was to consist of 

approximately 1,500 cases: a stratified (by estimated value of 

salesl sample of 500 special farms and a systematic sample of 

1,000 "other" farms selected on an island-wide basis. 

The reedit of the sample report forms began in late September, and the first cases for field followup were sent to the 

enumeration staff early in October. (This enumeration staff 

consisted of former crew leaders and ~upervisory crew leaders.) 

The field followup phase of the survey was completed by the 

end of October, and the editing of the report forms from the 

followup was finished in November. Thereafter, all of the report 

forms, including those that had passed the first reedit, were 

packed and shipped to Suitland. 

The original plans for the survey had called for the data from 

the sample report forms to be processed and tabulated for 

comparison between the data from (a) the same report forms 

before the normal field-office edit, and (b) the data from the 

report forms after the edit, to determine the degree of change 

caused by the edit, or the improvement of coverage and completeness of data collected presumably achieved in the survey. 

However, by the time the sample data arrived in Suitland, 

budget and personnel constraints on the Bureau's computer 

facilities and staff precluded immediate processing. It was 

decided, therefore, to defer completion of the evaluation survey 

until resources could be more easily spared from other work. 

DATA PROCESSING 

General Information 

The processing of the data collected in the 1978 Census of 

Agriculture in Puerto Rico involved the following operations: 

Operation 

Clerical editing of the report 

forms in Puerto Rico and Suitland 

Data keying and verification at 

Jeffersonville 

Format and consistency edit by 

computer 

Technical review of format and 

consistency edit rejects 

Correction of data rejects 

Tabulation of the data 

Editing 

Dates 

7/78-12/78 

11/78-2/79 

2/79-3/79 

2/79-3/79 

2/79-4/79 

9/79-9/80 

The report forms for Puerto Rico were first reviewed clerically in the San Juan field office on a flow basis as the completed documents were submitted from the field enumeration 

staff. The preliminary edit was concerned with such functions 

as rewriting unreadable entries, deleting unnecessary entries, 

moving misplaced entries to the correct location, converting 

fractional or decimal cuerda entries into centesimos (hundredths), coding specified entries, and so on. Subject-matter 

specialists in Suitland were consulted when specific technical 

problems were encountered. 

Upon completion of the field enumeration and the field 

office edit, the report forms were shipped via air freight to the 

Outlying Areas Branch of the Agriculture Division, in Suitland, 

where they were reviewed for completeness and consistency to 

insure keyability. These clerically edited forins then were 

shipped to the Data Preparation Division in Jeffersonville where 

they were keyed directly onto disk, using the key codes pre-
80, 1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE IN PUERTO RICO 

printed on the report forms, and then copied onto magnetic 

tape, 

After keying, the data were ready for computer processing 

and were transmitted via datalink to the Bureau's computer 

facilities at Suitland for execution of the format and consistency edit programs, The specifications for these programs 

were furnished in decision logic tables (DL T's) by the subjectmatter specialists in the Agriculture Division. The format edit 

program arrayed the data into a workable record format and 

carried out checks for a number of items, using parameters 

established in the DL T's from which the programs were written. 

The format edit checked for illegal items (data-keying errors), 

non response to required items, items reported or keyed as 

negative values, out-of-scope records, and the correct check digit 

(identification number) for each record. 

Data and/or out-of-scope records rejected by the format edit 

program then were displayed for subject-matter specialists' 

review and correction. Records "passing" the format edit, or 

corrected and returned to the file, were subjected to a second, 

more complex edit program, which1, Made consistency checks (a procedure in which the computer 

matched totals of data reported to the sum of the data 

detail). 

2. Set "flags" (i.e., indicators, recognizable by the computer 

program and human reviewers, that a particular piece of 

information was incorrect or inconsistent with other data 

elsewhere in the same report). 

3. Imputed missing or incorrect entries using values derived 

from data supplied by the Puerto Rico Department of 

Agriculture and/or from local farm and marketing associations. 

4. Coded each record for size, by the number of cuerdas; 

economic class, by the value of sales; for type of farm 

(whether dairy farm, sugarcane farm, etc.); for tenure of the 

operator (owner, part owner, tenant, manager, etc.!; for type 

of organization (individual, partnership, corporation, etc.!; 

and age and main occupation of the operator (i.e., agricultural or nonagricultural). 

Upon completion of the first edit pass, a listing of "flagged" 

cases was printed. These cases were reviewed by subject-matter 

specialists in Suitland and necessary corrections were coded and 

keyed using key-to-tape encoders, after which the records were 

edited again by the computer and were inserted into the data 

records on tape, (A flagged case might undergo several computer 

edits, since changing anyone item could cause related items to 

be inconsistent with the corrected data, thus requiring additional consistency checks.) 

The edited and corrected data file was then ready for tabulation. 

Tabulation 

Table layouts and specifications were furnished by the 

Bureau's subject-matter specialists, and the General Tabulation 

System (GTS) software package was used to produce the data 

tabulations. Three major sets of tabulations were prepared, one 

each for all farms in Puerto Rico, all farms in each of the five 

agricultural regions of the island (as delineated by the Commonwealth Government), and all farms by municipio. These sets also 

were cross-tabulated by type of farm, class, size, tenure of 

operator, etc., for farms with a total annual value of production 

of $1,200 or more. 

The tables produced were reviewed in Suitland for consistency and accuracy, and corrections to any errors were carried 

to the data tapes before the final tables were released for print. 

COMPARABILITY OF THE DATA 

The data produced by the 1978 Census of Agriculture in 

Puerto Rico were, in general, comparable to those produced in 

earlier censuses. The change of procedures for 1978, from a 

purely field-interview operation to one combining data from 

field interviews and mail enumeration, had no significant effect 

on the comparability of the data, but the inclusion in the 

censuses from 1969 onward of some places of less than 3 

cuerdas and the difference in the reference periods of the 

censuses did affect some of the data. 

The 1978 data are most directly comparable to those of 

1974, inasmuch as most of the items requested in 1974 were 

also requested in 1978, with the exception of additional information requested in 1978 on selected crops under cultivation 

and on products for- home consumption. For 1969, operations 

with sales of more than $1,200 were asked additional questions 

on irrigation; ornamental and flowering plants; machinery, 

buildings, and equipment; hired workers; insecticides, 

herbicides, and fungicides; other farm-related income; and type 

of farm organization. The 1964 census requested data on 

equipment and facilities, off-farm work, and expenses, of all 

farms with sales of more than $1,200, but of only one-fifth of 

farms with sales of less than that amount. 

PUBLICATION PROGRAM 

No preliminary report was published for Puerto Rico. The 

census data for Puerto Rico were published in the 1978 Census 

of Agriculture, Volume 1, State and County Data, Part 52, 

Puerto Rico. Data were presented for all farms for the island as 

a whole, for the five agricultural regions, and for each of the 78 

municipios. The data include land in farms; major uses of farm 

land; size of farms; tenure and characteristics of operators; 

organization; inventory of selected machinery, equipment, 

buildings, and facilities; agricultural chemicals purchased; irrigatio n; selected production expenses; income from sales of agricultural products; farm-related income; crops harvested and sold; 

inventory and sale of livestock and poultry and their products; 

ornamental and flowering plants and lawn grass; selected crops 

under cultivation; and products for home consumption. 

Summary data were also presented for farms with sales of 

$1,200 or more, by tenure and characteristics of operator, type 

of organization, size of farm, value of sales, and type of farm. 

No unpublished data are available from the 1978 census in 

Puerto Rico. 
INTRODUCTION 

General Information 

Historical background -For census purposes, the "Outlying 

Areas" of the United States include American Samoa, Guam, 

the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, and the Virgin Islands. 

The 1978 Census of Agriculture was the ninth such enumeration on Guam and the Virgin Islands while the agricultural 

enumeration conducted as part of the 1980 Census of Population and Housing was the seventh agriculture census of 

American Samoa and the second for the Northern Mariana 

Islands. (The latter were part of the Trust Territory of the 

Pacific Islands until July 1981.) 

Censuses of agriculture on Guam were taken in conjunction 

with the decennial censuses of population from 1920 through 

1960. In 1964, a change in title 13 required inclusion ofthe Virgin 

Islands and Guam in each census of agriculture of the United 

States. The first census of agriculture in the Virgin Islands was 

carried out in 1917, shortly after thei r acquisition from 

Denmark, and the second in 1930, after which agricultural 

enumerations of the Virgin Islands were part of the decennial 

censuses. In 1964, the islands were included in the quinquennial census. 

The 1980 Census of Agriculture was the seventh such 

enumeration for American Samoa. The first agricultural census 

was taken there in 1920; since then one has been conducted 

every 10 years, in conjunction with the censuses of population. 

The Northern Mariana Islands were first enumerated for 

agricultural purposes as part of the 1970 Census of Population 

and Housing, but the agricultural data were released as part of 

the publication program for the 1969 Census of Agriculture. 

The Census Act does not require that all of these territories 

be included in the quinquennial enumerations, hence they were 

omitted from the 1974 program and were not subject to an 

agricultural enumeration until the 1980 decennial census got 

underway. 

Legal authorization-Title 13, United States Code-Census, contains the legal authority for the collection of agricultural data in 

the outlying areas. Section 142, paragraph (a) directs the taking 

of a census of agriculture in 1979, in 1983, and in every fifth 

year thereafter. Section 191, paragraph (a) requires the inclusion in the census of the Virgin Islands, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Commonwealth of 

81 

Chapter 8, 

Census of 

Agriculture in 

Outlying Areas 

Puerto Rico, "and as may be determined by the Secretary [of 

Commerce}, such other possessions and areas over wh ich the 

United States exercises jurisdiction, control, or sovereignty." 

Paragraph (b) of section 191 authorizes the Secretary of 

Commerce to use data collected by the Governors or other 

highest Federal official (if the data are collected in accordance 

with plans prescribed or approved by the Secretary) for censuses 

taken in the Virgin Islands, Guam, the Commonwealth of the 

Northern Mariana Islands, or areas or possessions not specifically designated in paragraph (a). 

Special arrangements-Contracts were made in January 1978 

with the Governors of Guam and the Virgin Islands, and in 

December 1979 with the governments of the Northern Mariana 

Islands and American Samoa, for the conduct of the census of 

agriculture in their jurisdictions. The report forms, training 

materials and instructions, and other necessary census materials 

were provided by the Bureau of the Census. An official of the 

government of Guam received training at the Bureau of the 

Census as project manager for the census on Guam, while 

personnel from Bureau headquarters trai ned the project 

manager for the census in the Virgin Islands. Since the agriculture enumeration in the Northern Mariana Islands and American 

Samoa was carried out as an adju nct to the 1980 Census of 

Population and Housing, the decennial census staff conducted 

the agricultural census as well. The recruiting and training of the 

local field and office staffs, the supervision of appointments and 

payrolls, and other local administrative matters were the 

responsibility of the respective territorial governments. Bureau 

employees were assigned to the staffs of the census supervisors 

for American Samoa and the Northern Mariana Islands to serve 

as advi sers. 

Farm definition and reporting periods-The definitions of a 

farm used for the censuses on Guam and the Virgin Islands were 

the same as those employed in the 1974 enumeration. For the 

Virgin Islands, a farm was defined as a "place" of three acres or 

more on which any field crops or vegetables were harvested or 

gathered during the 12-month period between July 1,1977 and 

June 30, 1978, or on which there was a combined total of 10 

or more fruit or nut trees or plants, any livestock, 01' 10 or more 

poultry at the time of enumeration. Places of Jess than three 

acres were counted as farms if their sales of agricultural 

products between Ju Iy 1, 1977 and June 30, 1978 amounted to 

at least $100, or if they could normally be expected to produce 
82 CENSUSOF AGRICULTURE IN OUTLYING AREAS 

agricultural products in sufficient quantity to provide sales 

amounting to at least $100. On Guam a farm was defined as a 

place on which any crops, vegetables, or fruits were harvested or 

gathered during 1977, or on which there was any livestock or 15 

or more poultry at the time of enumeration. In the Northern 

Mariana Islands and in American Samoa, a farm was defined as 

any place that had 15 or more poultry (chickens, ducks, 

guineas, etc.); 5 or more livestock (cattle, hogs, goats, etc.); a 

combined total of 10 or more fruit or nut trees or plants; or any 

place of 100 square meters or more on which root or field 

crops or vegetables were harvested for sale during 1979. 

The reference dates for the various data items for each of the 

areas were as shown below. 

CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE ON GUAM AND IN 

THE VIRGIN ISLANDS 

Census Schedule 

The reduction of the intercensal period from 5 years to 4 

years following the 1974 Census of Agriculture meant that the 

1977 Econom ic Censuses on Guam and the Virgin Islands were 

underway as preparations began for the 1978 Census of Agriculture in those areas. The Bureau took advantage of this circumstance by bringing forward the agricultural enumeration 

schedules for the islands as far as could be done without interfering with the other economic censuses, and utilizing the office 

and adm in istrative arrangements made for the economic 

operations as far as possible for the agricultural enumeration. 

On Guam, the agricultural census office was established in 

Agana, in the rented office space vacated by the economic 

census office. In the Virgin Islands, the office was established at 

the Virgin Islands Department of Agriculture research station 

outside Charlotte Amalie. 

The planning for the 1978 census began in 1977, when initial 

contacts with the territorial governments were made and a tentative schedule of census activities was drawn up. The proposed 

schedules for Guam and the Virgin Islands are given below. (The 

census was carried out with very little deviation from this 

schedule; the only significant change involved a 2-month postponement in completion of development work on the report 

form for Guam.) 

Census Schedule 

Activity Virgin Islands 

Development of report form. 2/78 

Printing of report forms. . 4/78 

Development of farm list. . 5/78 

Preparation of training and 

enumeration materials . . 5/78 

Assembly of materials and shipment. 5/78 

Organization of field office and 

recruiting of staff 6/78 

Training. . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/78 

Enumeration. . . . . . . . . . . 8/78 

Processing of the report forms. 3/79 

Publ ication. . . . . . . . . . . . 4/80 

Map Preparation 

Guam 

1/78 

3/78 

3/78 

3/78 

3/78 

4/78 

4/78 

4/78 

3/79 

4/80 

Maps used by the central census offices, crew leaders, and the 

enumeration staff were prepared at the Bureau's leffersonville, 

Ind., facility. Preliminary versions were drawn up in early 

1978, using the 1974 census maps as primary references, and 

were referred to the respective territorial governments for 

review and correction. While relatively few changes were 

necessary with respect to the Virgin Islands maps, those for 

Guam required updating because of the extensive military 

reservations on the island. Data from the Defense Mapping 

Agency were used to make the necessary corrections. 

Census Reference Dates 

Data item 

Acres (Iilnd in farms) . 

Fruit, nut, and tree crops 

Fishery-sale. 

Livestock and poultry on place 

Livestock and poultry sold 

Chicken eggs sold 

Equipment and facilities. 

Crops harvested (acres, production) 

Land u';r: 

Exp(~nsf:s . 

Sales of 3CJrlcuiturai products. 

Hired workers ... 

X Not applicable. 

Virgin Islands 

Enumeration Day 

Enumeration Day 

(X) 

Enumeration Day 

Last 12 months 

Last 12 months 

Enumeration Day 

Last 12 months 

Last 12 months 

Last 12 months 

Last 12 months 

Last 12 months 

Guam 

Enumeration Day 

Enumeration Day 

Last 12 months 

Enumeration Day 

Last 12 months 

Last 12 months 

Enumeration Day 

Last 12 months 

Last 12 months 

Last 12 months 

Last 12 months 

Last 12 months 

Northern Mariana 

American Samoa Islands 

Enumeration Day Enumeration Day 

Enumeration Day Enumeration Day 

Last 12 months Last 12 months 

Enumeration Day Enumeration Day 

(X) (X) 

Last 12 months Last 12 months 

Enumeration Day Enumeration Day 

Last 12 months Last 12 months 

Last 12 months Last 12 months 

(X) (X) 

(X) (X) 

(X) (X) 
CENSUS OF AGR ICULTU RE IN OUTLYING AREAS 83 

Training and Reference Materials 

The duties of each member of the census staff and the 

enumeration and processing procedures for the operation in 

Guam and the Virgin Islands were contained in the Procedures 

Manual, form A25 ((G) for Guam and (VI) for the Virgin 

Islands). The A25 manuals served as the principal guides for the 

I"ecruiting and training of the census staffs and for the overall 

conduct of the enumeration. 

The particular duties of the various members of the census 

staffs were explained in a series of reference manuals. The 

project managers and their assistants received the Supervisor's 

Reference Manual, form A20, for their own use, and used the 

Training Guide, form A 15, for the courses they conducted for 

their field enumeration staffs. The enumerators each received an 

Enumerator's Reference Manual, form A 10, which explained 

their duties and gave detailed instructions for conducting inter· 

views and filling out the report forms and other documents. 

Since much of the initial review of the report brms was to be 

done in the census offices, copies of Clerical IrJstructions for 

Reviewing, Editing, and Coding Questionnaires, form A21, were 

provided to the office staffs. 

All of the materials were in English and were prepared and 

printed or reproduced by the Census Bureau at its Suitland 

headquarters. 

Staffs and Training 

The organization of the census staffs for Guam and the 

Virgin Islands was essentially identical, although the field 

enumeration staff for Guam was larger than its counterpart in 

the Virgin Islands. The composition of the two staffs was as 

follows: 

Staff 

Total .. 

Project managerlcensus supervisor 

Assistant manager Isupervisor 

Office clerical'staff . 

En u merators. . . . . 

Guam 

22 

2 

4 

15 

Virgin Islands 

10 

2 

6 

The project managers were responsible to the Director of the 

Bureau of the Census for the conduct of the census in their 

respective territories. Their specific duties included most of the 

administrative arrangements for establishing the census offices 

and carrying out the enumeration. 

The notices announcing vacancies on the census staffs were 

posted on Guam and in the Virgin Islands a month before the 

training classes for the employees were to begin. With the excep· 

tion of the project manager on Guam, the territorial govern· 

ments did not assign people to temporary duty with the 

enumeration operation; instead, all candidates for jobs were 

given written tests by the project managers, and were notified if 

they had been hired. All employees had to be American citizens, 

and while there was no official requirement that any be 

bilingual, the practical problems involved, particularly on Guam, 

meant that facility with the local language was needed and was 

taken into account in the assignment of enumeration areas. 

The project manager for Guam came to Bureau headquarters 

in March 1978 to receive his supervisor's training, while a 

Bureau staff member went to the Virgin Islands to carry out the 

supervisor's training course there on June 26, 1978. The enu· 

merators' training courses and the assistant project manager's 

training on Guam were carried out on April 3,5 and June 

28·30 on Guam and in the Virgin Islands, respectively. 

Taking the Census 

General information-Each enumerator was given an assignment 

map, a form A5 Record Book, and a supply of agl'icultural 

report forms before the enumeration began. The assignment 

map covered the area each enumerator was to cover, with the 

boundaries outlined in heavy orange lines, and showed the 

principal ground featul"es and roads. The A5 Record Book 

contained three forms the enumerators wel"e to use daily: the 

A2 Listing Sheets, the A3 Enumeratol"'S Daily Report, and the 

A4 Daily Record of Progress. The A2 Listing Sheet served as a 

record of the enumerator's canvass, and contained a series of 

screening questions which the enumerator was to ask in ordel" to 

determine whether or not a place was an agricultul"al operation. 

(Some of the A2 sheets contained prelisted names and addt'esses 

of farm operators, compiled from 1974 recol"ds and/or local 

Department of Agriculture listings.) The A3 daily report was a 

card that the enumerator completed each day. The numbel' of 

A 1 's completed, call backs made, and so on, we re I isted, and the 

card was submitted to the crew leader so that the enumerator's 

area could be monitored. The A4 progress I"ecord was a furthel' 

aid in this, in that each enumerator used it to keep track of the 

number of A 1 's completed each day as well as provide a running 

total for the assignment. 

Enumeration areas and enumeration districts-Each enumerator 

was assigned a district or area and made responsible for its com· 

plete enumeration. Guam was divided into 20 enumeration 

districts (ED's), corresponding to the island's election districts. 

These ED's were grouped for census purposes into 13 enumeration areas (EA's), each containing about 120 farms. Each 

enumerator was assigned one EA. The Virgin Islands were 

divided into six ED's, four on St. Croix and one each on St. 

Thomas and St. John. Each enumel"ator was assigned one ED. 

Methods of enumeration-Enumerators interviewed each head 

of a household in the assigned ED or EA, asking a series of 

screening questions to determine whether or not the household 

was engaged in agricultural operations that met the census 

definition of a farm. 

To insure complete coverage of each ED and to reduce duplication, rules were established for enumel'ating farms on, or overlapping, ED boundaries, and farms operated by persons not 

living in the same ED as the agricultural operation. If a farm 

overlapped an ED boundary, the enumerator in whose ED the 

household operating the farm was located was responsible for its 

enumeration. If a farm was completely within an ED but was 

operated by someone living elsewhere, the case was referred to 

the crew leader for the ED in which the operator lived for 

assignment to the appropriate enumerator. 
84 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE IN OUTLYING AREAS 

In the Virgin Islands, the enumeration was carried out using 

prelists of the agricultural operations prepared from 1974 

census data and information supplied by the Virgin Islands 

Department of Agriculture. Enumerators were also to visit any 

households not listed that appeared to have agricultural operations. 

On Guam, three different enumeration procedures, A, B, and 

C, were used, depending on the characteristics of each ED, the 

ED being designated for a specific procedure prior to the 

enumeration. In procedure A (used in predominantly rural 

areas), the enumerators carried out a door-to-door canvass, 

filling out A 1 report 'forms as necessary and making certain that 

a line number from the A2 listing and a dwelling symbol were 

entered on their area maps for each dwelling in the ED. Procedure B was used in ED's with occasional built-up areas. The 

same methods were used as in "A" ED's except for built-up 

areas where groups of 25 or more dwellings were found, each on 

less than one-third hectare (about an acre). In these areas, the 

enumerators were to list only those dwellings associated with 

agricultural operations. Procedure C ED's were those generally 

more urban areas in which extensive prelists of agricultural 

operations were used. Enumerators visited each address on the 

list. If any unlisted agricultural operations were found, these too 

were to be enumerated and added to the lists. 

If any enumerators were unable to satisfactorily perform 

their duties, or if an enumerator resigned, crew leaders were to 

suspend operations in the ED involved until another enumerator 

could be shifted to complete the work. Fortunately, this 

occasion never arose. 

CalJbacks-Often, enumerators were unable to complete the 

necessary report forms on the first visit to a household because 

the operator was not home, his or her records were not ready, 

or for some other reason. In such cases, enumerators were to 

make arrangements for a return visit, a "callback," in order to 

complete the necessary materials. Whenever possible, these 

return visits were made by appointment, at a time most convenient for the respondent, but enumerators were encouraged to 

complete each one within 3 days of the initial visit. 

Controls and reports-Enumerators submitted reports of their 

work to the crew leaders daily, using the A3 or A4 forms 

described above. The crew leaders, in turn, summarized the 

work done by the enumerators every week on form A6, Weekly 

Progress Report of Enumeration. The A6 showed for each week 

the number of lines filled on the A2 listing, the number of 

questionnaires completed, the number of callbacks pending, the 

hours worked by each enumerator, and the mileage for vehicles 

used in the enumeration for that week. The A6's were sent to 

the project managers each Monday and the data from them were 

cabled to Bureau headquarters the next day, providing a weekly 

report of the progress of the enumeration. 

Field Review 

Crew leaders were responsible for reviewing the work of their 

enumerators. In addition to reporting progress and checking 

slow enumerators, each crew leader carried out two systematic 

reviews of each enumerator's work, the first during the initial 3 

or 4 days the enumerator was on the job, and a second, final 

review when each ED assignment was completed. 

The purpose of the first review was, essentially, to make 

certain that (1) each enumerator was using proper procedures, 

(2) each ED was covered completely, and (3) callbacks were not 

accumulating. When errors were discovered, the crew leaders 

pointed them out and ensured that corrective action was taken. 

The second review was made as each enumerator completed his 

or her assignment. The crew leader checked every fifth report 

form completed unless there were 10 or fewer involved, in 

wh ich case all were checked for accuracy, consistency, and 

completeness. If two or more forms were unsatisfactory, all the 

questionnaires from the enumerator in question were reviewed. 

Rejected report forms were returned to the enumerator for 

additional callbacks and work, unless a satisfactory explanation 

could be given as to why information was missing. (E.g., the 

enumerator was unable to find anyone at home after two visits, 

the respondent refused to provide the information, the housing 

unit in question was vacant and no one in the vicinity was able 

to provide any information about it, etc. All of these cases were 

then referred to the enumerator's supervisor for final clearance.) 

CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE IN AMERICAN 

SAMOA AND NORTHERN MARIANA 

ISLANDS 

General Information 

The census of agriculture in American Samoa and the 

Northern Mariana Islands was an adjunct to the 1980 Census of 

Population and Housing in those areas, and was conducted 

under the supervision of the Bureau's Decennial Census Division 

(DCD). The Agriculture Division's part in the operation involved 

designing the questionnaires to be used, writing enumeration 

procedures for the agriculture part of the census, and processing 

and tabulating the data once the completed forms were forwarded to Suitland. 

Inasmuch as the enumeration took place in April of 1980, 

the data were collected for calendar year 1979. In the previous 

census of agriculture in the outlying areas of the Pacific, taken 

as part of the 1970 Decennial Census, the Trust Territory of the 

Pacific Islands had also been enumerated. For 1980, however, 

the territorial authorities suggested that the census of 

agriculture of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands not be 

conducted by the Bureau of the Census since the territorial 

government had itself recently carried out an agricultural 

census. The Secretary of Commerce, authorized under title 

13 to determine which of the outlying areas not specified in 

the title will be covered in the census, acceded to the suggestion 

of the territorial government, so that of the various local jurisdictions comprising the Trust Territory, only the Northern 

Mariana Islands were included in the agriculture census program. 

Planning and Preparation 

Census schedule -The DCD's Outlying Areas Branch was 

establ ished in July 1978 and served as the central planning and 

coordinating office for the population, housing, and agriculture 
CENSUSOF AGRICULTURE IN OUTLYING AREAS 85 

censuses of American Samoa and the Northern Mariana Islands. 

The schedule was as follows: 

Item Begin End 

Planning 7/78 3/80 

Preparation of training and 

enumeration materials · . 9/79 2/80 

Opening of area offices. · . 1/80 (NA) 

Shipment of training and enumeration 

materials to area offices. 12/79 3/80 

Recruitment of staff · . 1/80 4/80 

Training of crew leaders and 

enumerators .. 3/80 3/80 

Enumeration. . . 4/80 5/80 

Quality control and office review 

of report forms 4/80 5/80 

Closing of area office. 6/80 

Processi ng 5/80 12/80 

Map preparation -Master maps, showing each enumeration 

district (ED), and central-office, crew-leader, and enumerator 

maps, were prepared by the Geography Division between 

October 1979 and January 1980. I n the maps for the Northern 

Mariana Islands, the ED's were delineated in such a way as to 

allow comparability with the ED's used in the census taken by 

the local government in 1974. 

Training and reference materials-The general reference source 

for the census office operations in the outlying areas was the 

Office Operations Manual, form D-513-0A. Chapter 2 of this 

manual contained instructions about the screening questions to 

be asked of each household to ascertain whether any agricultural operations were being carried on, while chapter 3 included 

a section on the review of the agricultural report forms. The 

Coordinator's Manual, form D-508-0A, described the duties of 

the census coordinator/supervisor, while the Crew Leader's 

Manual, form D-555-0A, and the Enumerator's Manual, form 

D-549-0A, provided detailed instructions for persons holding 

those positions. Each of these manuals contained separate 

sections or chapters, where appropriate, on the agricultural 

census. In addition, a Questionnaire Reference Book for 

Agriculture, form 80-Al0 ((AS) and (NM), for American Samoa 

and the Northern Marianas respectively), was provided to the 

enumerators and crew leaders with explanations and detailed 

instructions for the form 80-A 1 report forms. The census 

coordinators and census advisors in each of the outlying areas 

also received verbatim training guides to insure uniform training of crew leaders (form D-655-0A) and enumerators (form 

D-649-0A). 

All these materials were in English and were prepared and 

reproduced by the DCD at the Bureau's Suitland headquarters. 

Those portions of the reference materials dealing with the 

agricultural census were drawn up by the Agriculture Division's 

Outlying Areas Branch. 

Staffing, training, and expenditures-The staffs for the census in 

American Samoa and the Northern Mariana Islands were 

similarly organized. The composition of the 1979/80 census 

staffs was as follows: 

Staff 

Total .. 

Census advisor. 

Census coordinator. 

Census administrator. 

Administrative assistant 

Clerks. 

Field operations supervisor I 

Crew leaders. 

Enumerators. 

American 

Samoa 

119 

1 

4 

15 

95 

Northern 

Mariana 

Islands 

73 

4 

1 

7 

57 

All candidates for jobs were required to take an oath to 

protect the confidentiality of census information. 

The census coordinators were appointed by the governors of 

the areas and were generally responsible for the overall conduct 

of the census in their respective areas. However, the census 

advisor was a U.S. Bureau of the Census employee and was 

specifically responsible to the Director of the Bureau for maintenance of acceptable statistical standards and adherence to 

Bureau procedures and requirements. 

Recruiting began in January 1980. All candidates for jobs 

were given written tests by the census coordinators, administrators, and/or the census advisors; candidates who passed the test 

were interviewed before final selection for hiring. In both areas, 

crew leaders and enumerators with facil ity in the local language 

were required, since many of the inhabitants spoke little or no 

English. Crew leaders were given a 3-day training session during 

the second week of March 1980 to familiarize them with their 

pre-census, enumeration, followup, and field review duties. The 

enumerator staffs were trained a total of 24 hours in the week 

immediately preceding April 1, 1980. 

The Bureau of the Census provided funding for the basic 

census; any proposed expansion of the enumeration by the local 

government (special q'uestions, surveys, etc.) had to be paid for 

by the local government, and the procedures used had to meet 

the Bureau's statistical and methodological standards. (This 

provision did not become effective, since no expansion of the 

census was requested.) Initial sums corresponding to 80 percent 

of the total field budget were advanced to the territorial governments for the conduct of the censuses, with the remaining 20 

percent of the budgeted funds held in reserve, to be made 

available if necessary. 

Agriculture census report forms-The report forms 80-A 1 (AS), 

for. American Samoa, and 80-A 1 (NM), for the Northern 

Marianas, were 16" x 14" sheets of white stock folded to 8" x 

14", with printing and shading in black ink. They were 

essentially identical in content: Data were requested on land in 

agriculture; vegetables and field crops; fruits, 'nuts, and tree 

crops; land use; livestock and poultry; fishery; selected equipment and facilities; and operator characteristics. An item asked 
86 CENSUS OF AGR ICULTURE IN OUTLYING AREAS 

whether any other persons in each household (other than the 

operator being interviewed) had any agricultural operations. The 

principal difference between the two versions was in the land 

use section; while the 80-A1(NM} employed conventional 

wording asking for data on land owned, rented, or leased by or 

to an individual operator, the section in the form for American 

Samoa included inquiries as to whether or not any of the land 

being used was matai land.! 

Taking the Census 

General information-Each enumerator was given a kit, containing a map of the enumeration district (ED) to be canvassed, 

a supply of population and housing and agriculture census 

questionnaires; an Address Register, form D-1 04-0A, for the ED 

to be covered; and copies of the appropriate Questionnaire 

Reference Book and Enumerator'S Manual. The ED map 

showed the boundaries of the area the enumerator was to 

canvass, as well as roads, built-up areas, and natural features. 

The address register contained a cover sheet identifying the 

enumerator and the ED involved, and listing pages for recording 

name, address or location description, geographic code, serial 

number, etc., for each household enumerated. The listing page 

also included check-off boxes showing which household had 

qualified for inclusion in the agriculture census, and, if so, how 

many agricultural report forms were required. Daily progress of 

work-living quarters enumerated, agricultural report forms 

filled out, callbacks made, and the like-was recorded on the 

cover sheet of the address register. 

Enumeration methodology-The decennial census in the 

outlying areas was a house-to-house canvass of each ED. 

Enumerators were to visit and fill out a census questionnaire for 

every household. The last page of the population and housing 

questionnaires for American Samoa and the Northern Marianas 

included a section containing screening questions to determine 

whether or not any individual operated a farm. These were as 

shown in the next column. 

Enumerators completed a form 80-A 1. for any household 

that gave an affirmative answer to any of these questions, 

regardless of where the agricultural land was located within the 

ED. If the person operating the farm also had farmland or other 

agricultural operations outside the ED in which he or she lived, 

the enumerator was to include the data on those operations on 

the report form as well. In cases in which a form 80-A 1 had 

already been filled out in another ED, each enumerator was 

required to fill out the identification sections of the form 80-A1 

(parts A and B, giving the operator's name and address, and 

items 1-4 of section 1, showing acreage), and write in the 

"Remarks" space: "Completed Questionnaire obtained by 

Enumerator in (name of District or Area}." For 

cases where an agricultural operation was controlled or managed 

by someone living outside the ED in which it was located, the 

) A matal is the chief or head of an extended family Or tribe-like 

"roup. Land occupied and used by the group is traditionally considered 

matai land, although the matai may not personally have possession or use 

of it This arrangement presents some difficulties in collecting and 

tabulating agricultural data. 

Section C 

1. Does anyone living in this house operate a farm? 

DYes D No 

2. Does this place have 15 or more poultry (chickens, 

ducks, guineas, etc.)? 

DYes D No 

3. Does this place have 5 or more livestock (cattle, hogs, 

goats, etc.)? 

DYes D No 

4. Is there a combined total of 10 or more fruit, nut, or 

tree crops on this place? 

DYes DNo 

5. Does th is place have 100 square meters or more on 

which root or field crops or vegetables were harvested 

for sale during 1979? 

DYes D No 

ENUMERATOR - If this house is on a farm but you are 

unable to contact the farm operator OR THIS HOUSE 

IS VACANT, find out the name of the person to contact 

and the address (if the farm operator does not live here) 

and enter here: ~ 

Name of operator (or, 

if vacant, owner of 

the house) ______________________________________ __ 

Address 

If "Yes" to questions 1,2,3,4 or 5 - -

FILL AN AGRICUL TURE QUESTIONNAIRE L-_________________________________________ _____ 

enumerators were to try to obtain the name and address of the 

operator, partially fill out a form 80-A1 (as above), and note in 

the "Remarks" section that the enumerator for the appropriate 

district or area should complete a form 80-A 1 for the operation. 

Callbacks were to be made to places for which no report form 

could be completed on the first visit. (This normally occurred 

when the person having agricultural operations was absent.) 

Review and edit-The crew leaders were immediately responsible for the quality of coverage and data collection in the 

census and carried out two reviews of their enumerators' work. 

The first was conducted as soon as possible after training and 

after each enumerator had begun his/her job. This review was 

primarily concerned with mak.ing certain that correct procedures were followed and the ED's were covered completely. The 

crew leaders checked each enumerator's address register and 

map, edited as many completed population and housing 

questionnaires as possible, and reviewed a one-in-five sample of 

the agriculture forms completed. (If there were fewer than 10 

questionnaires, all were reviewed.) If corrections were necessary, 

the enumerator(s) involved were informed and, whenever necessary, retrained in the correct procedures. 
CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE IN OUTLYING AREAS 87 

The final review (when the enumerator turned in his or her 

completed assignment) involved a detailed check of the address 

register and map, to ensure that a report form had been filled 

out for each household, and a review of the agriculture questionnaires. This review was patterned on the first one; every 

fifth report form was thoroughly checked, unless there were 

fewer than 10 involved, in which case all were checked. The 

field edit was intended to identify and correct possible problems 

as soon as possible after they occurred, and to ensure that all 

appropriate items were completed and the data provided were 

legible. If forms were filled out incorrectly or data were missing, 

enumerators revisited the household concerned to complete the 

necessary information. 

The crew leaders also conducted a coverage check of their 

districts, visiting and listing a sample of households before the 

enumeration got underway, and determining at the time of the 

review of the enumerator's work whether those households had 

been enumerated. This check, however, was principally concerned with the population and housing census. 

Quality control-As crew leaders finished the final review of 

the report forms and address registers, the completed materials 

were forwarded to the census offices, where they were separated by type (agriculture, and population and housing) and 

were batched into work units, each consisting of the report 

forms from one or more ED's from one crew leader district. 

DATA PROCESSING 

Guam and Virgin Islands 

The census of agriculture on Guam and in the Virgin Islands 

was completed by the late summer of 1978 and the report 

forms were shipped to the Bureau's headquarters in Suitland. 

There, Bureau employees edited the forms, withdrawing from 

further processing any that did not meet the Bureau's definition 

of a farm. The edit checked the forms for consistency and completeness, and adjusted errors in calculation, units of measure, 

inconsistencies, or misplaced entries on the basis of data available from the same report or from nearby operations of the 

same type. 

After editing, the forms were shipped to the Bureau's 

Jeffersonville facility for processing. Later, the data were keyed 

to magnetic tape and transmitted for tabulation to the Bureau's 

central computer facility in the Suitland headquarters via datalink telephone transmission lines. While the computers wel-e 

used to make the basic tabulations and cross-tabulations, they 

were not employed to reproduce the tables. Instead, the Agriculture Division's Outlying Areas Branch prepared and typed 

the tables, and posted the computer tabulations to them by 

hand. After table verification and review, the data weloe 

subjected to disclosure analysis and were released for printing 

in April 1980. 

American Samoa and Northern Mariana Islands 

Upon completion of the census of agricultuloe in American 

Samoa and the Northern Marianas, the report forms were sent 

to Suitland, where Bureau employees performed a further edit 

and hand-tabulated the materials. The tables were then prepared 

and typed, and the tabulations posted to the tables by hand. 

The tables for the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana 

Islands were verified and the data released for publication in 

April 1981, while those for American Samoa were verified and 

released in the following July. 

PUBLICATION PROGRAM 

Data from the 1978 Census of Agriculture for the outlying 

areas were published in the reports of the 1978 Census of 

Agriculture, Volume 1, Area Reports, Part 53, Guam; 54, 

Virgin Islands; 55, American Samoa; and 56, The Northern 

Mariana Islands. (No preliminary reports were published for 

any of the outlying areas.) 

These four parts present data for farms and farm characteristics; land in farms and land use; size of farm; tenure and 

characteristics of the operator; amount harvested of fruits and 

nuts, vegetables, and field crops; selected machinery and equipment; and inventory of livestock and poultry and their 

products. Data on the value of sales of agricultural products 

and on selected farm expenditures are found in this volume 

also for the Virgin Islands and for Guam, but not for the 

Northern Mariana Islands and American Samoa. 
88 

COVERAGE EVALUATION PROGRAM 

Purpose 

The Bureau of the Census routinely evaluates various phases 

of all of its major censuses and makes available to data users 

information on the limitations of the statistical data. A coverage 

evaluation has been carried out for each census of agriculture 

since 1945, and the results have been published for every census 

since 1950. The essential methodology has remained relatively 

unchanged, although techniques have been refined and sample 

design has been improved. 

The coverage evaluation program for the 1978 Census of 

Agriculture, like its predecessors, was designed primarily to 

provide1. National and regional measures of the accuracy of census 

farm counts and of selected data items, such as land in farms 

and value of farm sales, to aid users in the utilization and 

interpretation of the data. 

2. Estimates indicating the characteristics of missed farms. 

3. Estimates of the accuracy of the census area sample, and 

identification of potential problem areas. 

4. Information on factors associated with census error. 

5. Identification of problem areas to improve coverage in future 

censuses. 

General Procedures 

The general procedures for the 1978 coverage evaluation 

were as follows: 

1. An area probabil ity sample of farm operators was obtained 

from a post-enumeration survey (PES) of the census of 

agriculture area sample (CAAS) and a sample of farms 

identified in the 1978 Annual Housing Survey (AHS). 

These served as a representative basis for measuring the 

census universe. (A sample was employed in the evaluation 

because more intensive enumeration and processing techniques, which would yield higher quality results, could be 

used than were possible in a nationwide census.) 

2. The farms in the base sample were matched to the census 

mailing lists and census reports to establish the relationship 

between the base sample units and the census. 

Chapter 9. 

Coverage 

Evaluation 

and Research 

3. Followup operations were carried out to check and clarify 

differences between base sample farms and census responses 

and to establish "true" values. 

4. The results were processed, tabulated, analyzed, and published. 

The various phases of the evaluation are described in more 

detail below. 

Sample Survey Designs and Methodologies 

The 1978 Annual Housing Survey (AHS)-The census of 

agriculture evaluation sample from the AHS was used primarily 

to obtain information on the number and characteristics of 

farms operated by individuals living in urban areas (i.e.; places 

with populations of 2,500 or more, and thus not covered in 

the census of agriculture area sample (CAAS)), as well as to 

provide certain measures of error for misclassified farms on the 

mail list. 

The regular AHS sample for 1978 consisted of delineated 

sample areas spread geographically across the 50 States. Sampling rates differed in rural and urban areas; for the former, the 

sample rate was approximately 1 in 650, while the rate in the 

latter was 1 in 1,300. The sample thus selected included 

about 72,000 housing units. Field interviewers visited each 

housing unit between October 1978 and January 1979 and 

interviewed the occupants or, if the unit was vacant, informed 

persons (Le., landlords, rental agents, neighbors, etc.). A series 

of screening questions were attached to the standard AHS 

questionnaire for purposes of identifying households with 

agricultural operations. If a household had agricultural operations, the address was included in the census evaluation sample. 

The CAAS Post-Enumeration Survey (PES)-The PES was an 

evaluation study carried out in December 1978, following the 

completion of the data-collE;ction phase of the CAAS. the PES 

sample consisted of a l-in-30 subsample of the approximately 

6,400 area segments used in the CAAS, selected systematically 

across the 48 contiguous States and including 212 segments in 

all, each containing about 75 households. 

An intensive field enumeration of the PES segments was 

carried out by a field staff under the supervision of the Bureau's 

regional offices. All members of each household in each segment 

were listed in the PES listing books (only the "head of the 
COVERAGE EVALUATION AND RESEARCH 89 

household" had been listed in the CAAS itself), and the most 

knowledgeable member of the household was interviewed for 

the survey. In each case, the interviewee was asked, for each 

person in the household, the following five screening questions: 

1. Did (this person) have any cattle, hogs, sheep, poultry, or 

horses for sale or use during 1978? 

2. Did (this person) have any other livestock or animal specialties during 1978? 

3. In 1978, did (this person) raise or sell any crops, such as 

corn or hay? 

4. Did (this person) raise FOR SALE any vegetables, berries, 

nursery or greenhouse products? 

5. Did (this person) have 20 or more fruit or nut trees? 

Ca"backs were made in the event that no one was home 

when an interviewer first contacted a household. When several 

return visits were made without result, the case was referred to 

the telephone unit. 

Matching, Mailing, and Processing Operations 

The principal processing operations for the coverage evaluation were as follows: 

1. Receipt of PES and AHS responses. 

2. Clerical match of PES and AHS sample cases, on lastname basis, to 1978 census mail list, and classification 

of sample cases as matches, possible matches, and nonmatches. 

3. Review after matching operations. 

4. Mailout of report form A90, "Evaluation of the 1978 Census 

of Agriculture," to a" nonmatch and possible match cases, 

with fo"owup of non respondents. 

5. Attempt to match returned A90 report forms to the census 

mailing list. 

6. Telephone fo"owup of nonrespondents to resolve matching 

problems .and differences. 

7. Preparation of data for keying. 

8. Computer edit and edit review. 

9. Data tabulation and pUblication. 

Bureau headquarters received the PES and AHS data early in 

1979, and the match to the census mail file was car~ied out 

from January through April. When a positive match was made, 

no further search was done, but possible matches and nonmatches were subject to verification and were held in the active 

matching file until the entire census mail list had been checked. 

The first matching operation was completed in April 1979, 

and the mailing list for the A90 evaluation questionnaires was 

prepared. The A90 requested basic data on acreage and ownership, crops harvested, livestock and poultry, location, operator 

characteristics (residence, race, age, etc.), and census status 

(i.e., whether or not a 1978 census report form had been 

received). In June 1979, A90 questionnaires were mailed to 

approximately 4,300 possible matches and non matches from 

the PES and AHS address lists. Three fo"owup mailings to 

nonrespondents were made, at approximately 3-week intervals, 

beginning in early July 1979. By the end of September, approximately 60 percent of the report forms had been received. A 

telephone fo"owup of the remaining non respondent cases was 

begun in October and was closed out 2 months later. 

The second matching operation took place in February and 

March 1980. This was a further attempt to locate evaluationsample farms on the census mailing list, using the additional 

information available from completed A90 report forms. When 

a match occurred, a computer printout of the census data 

record for that case was obtained from the census data file. 

The data from the census and the corresponding AgO report 

form were compared, particularly with respect to acreage 

reported and farm classification. Individual operations then 

were assigned a code identifying them as included, overcounted, 

or missed in the census. Each of these major categories had subdivisions within them relating to acreage, part of the sample, 

or part of the census involved. 

Tabulation 

Preparation of most of th e coverage check data for keyi ng, 

and the keying itself, were completed in February 1981. The 

computer program for the consistency edit was completed 

early in 1981, and computer edit and tabulation of the data 

were finished in June. 

Publication 

The results of the coverage evaluation program were published in early 1982, in the 1978 Census of Agriculture, Volume 

5, Special Reports, Part 3, Coverage Evaluation. The publication included tables showing estimates for the number of 

farms, land in farms, and total value of products sold. Since 

the sample was too sma" to provide reliable county- or Statelevel data, estimates were published only for regions and the 

United States. 

PROCESSING EVALUATION SAMPLE 

The purpose of the processing evaluation sample of the 1978 

Census of Agriculture was to investigate the effect of the data 

processing operations on census data. The sample of addresses 

used for this evaluation study was selected from the final census mailing list immediately after completion of the second 

matching and unduplication operation in the fa" of 1978. In 

order to facilitate detailed evaluation of the data, separate 

samples were drawn at the county, State, and national levels. 

Each of these samples, in turn, was divided into three subsamples. The individual records in each sample were identified 

during processing by a special processing-sample code printed 

on the mail ing label. 

The county-level sample consisted of a" addresses on the 

1978 census mailing list for six counties in six different States; 

the counties selected and the number of addresses from each 

in the sample were as follows: 
90 COVERAGE EVALUATION AND RESEARCH 

County 

Total 

Bingham Co., Idaho 

Jones Co., Miss. 

Madison Co., III. 

Robeson Co., N.C. 

Roosevelt Co., N.Mex. 

Wayne Co., N.Y. 

No. of 

addresses 

16,332 

2,548 

2,142 

3,295 

4,431 

1,583 

2,333 

These counties were chosen for the sample because they 

were (1) geograph ically dispersed, (2) a reasonable cross·section 

of farming in the United States, (3) among those counties for 

which individual data records from the 1974 census had been 

retained, and (4) large enough to provide useful data, but small 

enough to be manageable. 

The State·level sample was drawn from the entire census 

address list for Kansas. The list was stratified, based on 

estimated economic size codes, to permit more detailed study 

of individual records as follows: 

Stratum Total value of products Sampling No. of 

(TVP) sold interval addresses 

Total. 8,171 

1 $200,000 or more, abnormal 4 4,737 

farms, and multi units 

2 $80,000-$199 ,999 9 977 

3 $20,000-$79,999 32 973 

4 Less than $20,000 53 1,484 

Each stratum was systematically sampled. 

The national sample was selected in much the same way, 

using the same stratum definitions but different random starts 

and intervals. The characteristics of the national sample were 

as follows: 

Stratum Interval No. of 

addresses 

Total 6,136 

1 70 1,217 

2 200 1,207 

3 500 1,468 

4 1,200 2,244 

If an address selected for the national sample was found to 

also be on either the State or a county sample, the address was 

dropped from the national sample and was not replaced. 

The sample cases were mailed the appropriate census report 

forms and were followed up in exactly the same manner as the 

regular census cases. Upon receipt in Jeffersonville, each report 

form was keyed and submitted to the processing operation. 

Sample cases were identifiable by a code number on their 

mailing labels, and this code was entered into the computer 

tape record of each case with the other data. Thereafter, each 

time a sample case was processed through the computer edit, 

a copy of the record was made. Since a number of cases were 

recycled through the edit because of errors or omissions, there 

were several copies of their records, each showing any changes 

made as a result of the processing. Once all the sample records 

had been processed successfully, they were combined into one 

file and sorted by CFN. Thereafter, separate files were pro· 

duced for the Nation, Kansas, and the six sample counties, 

for use as in·house resource material for Bureau planning 

and program design. 

SPECIAL COVERAGE STUDIES 

Introduction 

The AHS and PES samples, used principally for overall 

coverage evaluation, also provided a good deal of information 

useful in examining the specific characteristics of the agricul· 

tural operations missed, as well as of coverage obtained in the 

census of agriculture area sample. In late 1980, the Bureau 

undertook three special, small·scale studies of the data files 

obtained through the AHS and PES to investigate cases of 

(1) farms missed in the census due to misclassification as out· 

of·scope, (2) farms missed in the census of agriculture area 

sample (CAAS), and (3) farms overcounted in the CAAS. 

General Procedures 

The misclassification study-The misclassification study used 

the AHS sample as the basis for an investigation of the mis· 

classification of agricultural operations as out·of·scope by the 

census. The contents of the evaluation folder maintained for each 

operation was carefully reviewed, including the coverage evalu· 

ation report form (A90) itself, telephone followup materials, 

materials from the mail list search, and the AHS supplementary 

questionnaire. If new information was found for any case, an 

additional search of the mail list was made. Analysts conducted 

a final review to determine the correct classification of each 

case and reasons for the misclassifications. 

The results of the study, when weighted to provide estimates 

for the entire census, indicated the net "missed farms" total 

was 42,688, or about 1.9 percent of all farms. 

Farms missed in the CAAS-This study was an attempt to 

determine why farms were missed in the CAAS. The 21 missed· 

farm cases from the PES were analyzed. When weighted, these 

cases represented 22,320 missed farms in the CAAS. Each case 

was classified with respect to the coverage by various Bureau 

mail·list and enumeration efforts. 

The characteristics of the sample were as follows: 

No. of cases Weight No. 

of farms 

21 22,320 

3 4,320 

690 

15 16,140 

2 1,170 

Coverage classification 

Total 

Not listed in CAAS; non-match 

to A4 (Farm and Ranch 

Identification Survey) 

Not listed in CAAS; match to A4 

Listed but no agricultural operations 

in CAAS; non·match to census 

mail list; non·match to A4 

Listed but no agricultural operations 

in CAAS; non-match to census 

mail list; match to A4 out-Qf-licope 
COVERAGE EVALUATION AND RESEARCH 91 

A detailed review of each of the 21 sample cases was completed for this study. The CAAS and PES listing books were 

reviewed to verify match or non match status, any notes in the 

books were reviewed, CAAS and PES maps were matched to 

determine if the household locations were the same, and all 

other information in the evaluation folder for each case was 

rechecked. 

In general, the conclusions reached by the study, although 

based upon a relatively small number of cases, were that (1) 

problems often arose when the respondent for a household in 

the CAAS was not the operator of the farm, (2) enumerators 

needed further instruction about obtaining the full name of 

the head of the household, (3) the importance of enumerators' 

exploring every road or driveway to cover isolated households 

should be further emphasized, (4) only the latest maps should 

be used in a door-to-door canvass, and (5) small farm operations 

are those that are missed most often, frequently because the 

operators do not consider themselves to be running farms or 

ranches and are unfamiliar with the Bureau's definition of a 

farm. 

The CAAS overcount study-Estimates made using PES data 

indicated that approximately 7,000 operations were overcounted in the CAAS. Overcount occurred when a CAAS farm 

should have been matched to the census mailing list but was 

incorrectly classified as a non match ; thus the same farm was 

included in both the CAAS and the regular census. The overcount study involved a careful review and analysis of the five 

overcount cases from the PES. When weighted, these cases 

represent 7,700 overcounted farms in the CAAS. All materials 

in their respective folders were examined and all microfil m 

search records were rechecked. Farm data from the CAAS and 

the census were also compared to determine if there was 

duplication. 

The study of these five cases could lead to only the most 

tentative conclusions. Nevertheless, analYsis indicated that 

there were three recurrent problems with these specific cases: 

(1) misspelled names in the CAAS and/or the census mail list, 

(2) different addresses for the same operation, and (3) alternative names for the sample operations. 
92 

INTRODUCTION 

The function of the publication phase of the census of 

agriculture is to make data available to data users as quickly as 

possible after collection, while maintaining the Bureau's standards of statistical quality, reliability, and comparability. 

The plan for the 1978 publications was generally similar to 

that of the 1974 program. The data were to be made available 

in one or more forms-printed reports, computer tapes, and 

microfiche. Preliminary county and State reports would be 

issued separately while final county- and State-level data would 

be included in the volume 1 reports. The preliminary and final 

reports would include data for all agricultural operations qualifying as farms under the census definition (i.e., agricultural 

operations with a total value of sales in the census year of 

$1,000 or more) and for farms with sales of $2,500 or more. 

The original plans for the publication program called for 

extensive use of the COMp80 (computer output to microfilm) 

videocomposition system for development of reproduction 

copy. However, budget restrictions and lack of access to the 

necessary equipment let to the use of this system only in the 

preparation of the preliminary reports and for selected sections 

of later volumes. The Bureau's high-speed printer (HSP), the 

Government Printing Office's (GPO) Linotron system, and the 

GTS computer software packages were all, used to some extent 

in preparing the reproduction copy for the printed publications. 

All published printed reports were produced by photo-offset 

in the standard 8}2" x 11" page size. 

One significant change in the data release program for 1978 

was the production of computer tapes of preliminary-report 

data, as well as final data tapes. For previous censuses, only 

tapes containing final data had been developed and made available to users. 

Comparability of Data 

The 1978 census program employed several new data-collection procedures in order to improve coverage of agricultural 

operations, including a farm and ranch identification survey 

prior to the census, improvements to the census address list, 

and a direct enumeration area sample (the census of agriculture 

area sam pie survey (CAAS)). These procedures improved the 

coverage of farms in the 1978 census compared to that of 

earlier censuses, particularly at the State level, since 1978 

Chapter 10. 

Dissemination 

of Census 

Data 

statistics for States include data from both the mail list enumeration and estimates from the direct enumeration. This 

necessarily affects the comparabil ity of 1978 State-level data 

to those from earlier censuses, which did not include these 

estimates. 

The 1978 county-level farm counts were derived entirely 

from the mail enumeration and are more nearly comparable to 

earlier census totals, although the farm counts may have 

increased substantially for some counties because of improved 

coverage of small farms in the mailing lists. Acreage and inventories data at the county level are generally comparable to data 

from earlier censuses. 

The 1974 coverage evaluation program indicated that the 

proportion of farms missed by the census varied widely between 

States, from less than 1 percent in Nebraska to nearly one-third 

of all farms in West Virginia. Missed farms, typically, were very 

small or part-time operations; the percentage missed was generally higher in States with a large proportion of farms of these 

types. For 1974, missed farms accounted for about 11 percent 

of all farms, but only 6 percent of land in farms, and smaller 

percentages of sales and production items. The proportion of 

total farms in each State represented by the 1978 CAAS followed a similar pattern. Most farms missed in the census were 

subject to identification and estimation using CAAS data. This 

factor had a greater effect on State counts of farms and farms 

reporting than on production, sales, and inventory items. 

Changes in the farm definition also affected comparability 

of data. Data for 1978 and 1974 are directly comparable in 

this respect, but are comparable to 1969 and earlier censuses 

only for farms with sales of $2,500 or more. Data for these 

farms were not affected by changes in the farm definition. Even 

this limited degree of comparability was affected by the 

different methodologies used to collect the data. The first 

mailout/mailback enumeration was in 1969, while earlier 

censuses employed door-to-door canvasses. Differences in the 

timing of the censuses also had an effect on comparability 

prior to 1969. 

Fluctuations from one census to another in the price of 

agricultural products sold have an effect on the comparability 

of data; this was particularly true for such high inflation periods 

as 1974-1978. 
DISSEMINATION OF CENSUS DATA 93 

Quantity of 1978 Statistics Published 

The total number of pages publ ished in the 1978 State and 

County reports was somewhat less than for 1974. The quantity 

of data presented was approximately the same, due primarily 

to more efficient and compact presentation of tabular data in 

the printed volumes. The number of pages of tables and text in 

the preliminary county reports for 1978 was nearly identical to 

the 1974 total, approximately 12,300 in all. For 1978, the 56-

part Volume 1, State and County Data set, which includes final 

county (or equivalent) data for each State and outlying area 

(including American Samoa and the Northern Mariana Islands), 

contained approximately 28,800 pages of text and tabular data. 

Volume 2, Statistics by Subject, which for 1974 comprised 

1,500 pages of statistics, was canceled for 1978 as a result of 

budgetary restrictions. The 1978 volume 3, Agricultural Services 

publication includes 142 pages of tabulations, compared with 

111 pages in the 1974 edition. Volume 4, Irrigation, has 360 

pages of data. Since the irrigation census is carried out every 10 

years, there was no 1974 irrigation publication; for the 1969 

census, 341 pages of data were published in a separate irrigation 

report. 

PUBLICATION PROCESS 

Production Control and Reporting System 

The Publications Services Division (PSD) was primarily 

responsible for preparing the tables and text (provided by the 

Agriculture Division) for the data volumes for publication. A 

centralized control and reporting system enabled PSD to monitor the flow of publication work for major activities from 

receipt of the specifications until the return of the bound 

reports from the printers. The control records covered all 

aspects of the planning, editorial, design and graphics, printing, 

and printing-review activities to ensure an orderly flow of work 

through the production operations. These records also permitted any component of a publication to be located prior to 

printing, so that corrections could be made. Periodic reports 

were produced on progress of the publication work for any 

given report series currently in development and production. 

Sponsoring offices thus could know the status of their pUblications and identify problem. areas and materials needed from 

the various units involved. 

Publication Steps 

The major operations in the 1978 Census of Agriculture 

publication process are outlined below. 

1. Steps required at beginning of each report series; 

A. General; 

Submit form CD-27, Publications Clearance Request, 

for approval. 

Plan series format (e.g., cover design, typeface for 

titles, headings, text, and table format). 

B. Tables: 

Prepare manuscript of tables showing boxheads and stubs. 

Edit and plan table outlines, marking specifications 

for typing or automatic data processing. 

For Linotron processingPrepare base table images from planned outlines. 

Review and correct base table images. 

Merge boxhead and stub image with the data to 

produce final page. 

For non-Linotron processingPrepare printer's copy, using typewritten, high-speed 

printer, or video composer output. 

Preprint standard or repetitive copy such as the 

titles, head-notes, boxheads, stubs, and folios. 

C. Text and introductory materials: 

Plan and write manuscript. 

Edit manuscript for Bureau policy, grammar, and style. 

Review and correct galleys. 

Prepare page dummies. 

Review and correct page dummies. 

Prepare camera copy (mech anicals). 

Preprint repetitive copy. 

D. Maps and charts: 

Select appropriate maps and charts and produce 

camera copy on the computer or by hand. 

2. Steps required for each individual report: 

A. Tables: 

For typewritten copy: 

Prepare table outlines showing proposed stubs and 

boxheads. 

Post historical data. 

Edit and plan horizontal and vertical spacing for each 

page. 

Prepare and procure preprints for repetitive materials 

(e.g., headin,gs and boxheads for multi page tables). 

Provide data to be typed. 

Type and proofread stubs and data fields. 

Review and correct tables. 

Add folios and rule tables. 

For phototypeset copy: 

Edit and plan table outlines, marking specifications for 

process i ng. 

Code tables for computer run. 

Produce and expand base table images. 

Mix expanded table images and field data. 

Prepare film negatives of table pages with all heads, 

stubs, data, rules, and page numbers. 

Mask with tape the frame identification numbers of 

each negative. 
94 DISSEMINATION OF CENSUS DATA 

Prepare and distribute paper copies or film negatives 

for review. 

Consolidate all revisions or corrections onto a master 

proof. 

Review and correct film negatives. 

B. Maps and charts: 

Establ ish basic designs. 

Preprint chart worksheets and base art. 

Prepare specifications to produce charts on the computer. 

Produce camera copy. 

Review and verify for accuracy. 

C. Completed report: 

Assemble component parts. 

Prepare printing requisition, form CD-lO. 

Conduct final editorial review of camera copy. 

Mark camera copy with printing specifications. 

Procure printing. 

3. Steps required for implementing pUblication program: 

Prepare production timetables implied in the above steps 

and estimate completion dates, adjusted as required. 

Establish priorities, expedite production, coordinate 

programs, and report progress. 

Periodically review progress and problems. 

Monitor detailed expenditure to anticipate surpluses or 

deficits. 

Grouping and Binding of Reports 

The publication program for the 1978 Census of Agriculture 

included a series of preliminary reports and the final data 

reports. Two types of preliminary reports were issued: the 

two-page county-level "Major Results" preliminary summary 

reports sent to census respondents, if they requested a copy, and 

the "regular" four-page county preliminary reports issued 

separately, beginning in October 1979. Preliminary reports 

were also issued for all States, the four geographic regions, and 

the United States. The volume 1 county final reports were 

bound in one book per State or outlying area, except Georgia 

and Texas, each of which required two books. (In these two 

cases, chapters 1 and 2 were bound together while chapter 3 

was bound separately.) 

Printing, Pricing, and Distribution 

Photo-offset print, first used for the 1940 decennial census 

publications, was employed for the major portions of the succeeding censuses of agriculture and for all of the 1974 and 

1978 agricultural censuses' publications. The negatives required 

for the photo-offset printing procedure were made from the 

pages of tables produced by the Linotron, high-speed printer 

(HSP), or videocomposition systems. The Linotron and videocompositiC':1 systems provided a complete negative as the final 

product, while the HSP produced tables on paper from which 

the printers made their own negatives. Camera copy of the 

preliminary reports and the last few State reports of volume 1 

were videocomposed. Volume 3 camera copy and part of the 

volume 1 reports for Puerto Rico were done using HSP output, 

while the remainder of the volume 1 outlying areas reports 

were typewritten. Most volume 4 tables were prepared on 

Linotron, while the remainder of the volume 4 tables and all 

of the volume 5 tables were done using the GTS software 

package and the HSP. 

Once the camera copy was prepared, it was checked for 

conformity to Bureau printing, pricing, and distribution policies. All the printing was either done by, or procured through, 

the U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO). Both the preliminary and final reports for the 1978 Census of Agriculture were 

subcontracted to private printers. 

The Superintendent of Documents handles sales and distribution of selected Government publications. The sponsoring 

agency (in this case, the Bureau of the Census) pays all preparation costs and for the printing of copies for its own use. 

The only costs passed to the buyers are for the actual printing, 

postage, and handling. This enables the Bureau and other 

Federal agencies to make information available to the public 

at a nominal charge. Prices of individual publications sold 

through GPO are based on a schedule established by that 

agency; prices for publications not printed by GPO are equivalent. 

The Bureau makes some free distribution of its data pu blications, as they become available, to reference libraries. The 

Superintendent of Documents is responsible for sending Bureau 

publications to over 1,200 libraries designated as Government 

depositories (about 150 of which (usually at very large ed ucational institutions) receive all, or nearly all, of the Bureau's publications). Census publications are also distributed to about 100 

other libraries, usually at colleges located in cities with large 

popUlations. Libraries on both lists indicate to the Bureau which 

kinds of the publications they wish to receive. All are sent the 

annual Statistical Abstract of the United States (containing 

summary data from the most recent censuses), and most receive 

the U.S. summary reports for the major censuses. 

The availability of census reports is publicized through the 

Superintendent of Documents, the Department of Commerce 

and its field offices, and other interested organizations. The 

Bureau also distributes press releases on new publications, 

order forms, a monthly product announcement, and an annual 

catalog of publications. Most of these materials include brief 

descriptions of each series of reports and the anticipated or 

actual date of publication. 

The Bureau of the Census maintains a supply of its various reports for its own use at its Jeffersonville, Ind., facility. 

However, the primary responsibility for storage and sale of 

census report is in the hands of the Superintendent of Documents. 

1978 Census of Agriculture Printed Reports 

Preliminary reports-A four-page preliminary report was published separately for each county, parish (in Louisiana), 

independent city, and combined election district (for Alaska) 
DISSEMINATION OF CENSUS DATA 95 

in the United States having 10 farms or more, as well as for 

each State, the four geographic regions, and the United States. 

(The publication dates for the preliminary reports, by State, 

are listed in app. E.) These reports contain data for all farms 

(i.e., agricultural operations with sales during the census year 

of $1,000 or more) and for farms with sales of $2,500 or more. 

Limited data are also shown for agricultural operations that had 

less than $1,000 in sales during the census year, but that would 

have qualified as farms under the census definition used prior 

to 1976. The preliminary reports were published between 

October 1979 and January 1981. 

A two-page preliminary report on agricultural services was 

published during April-May 1980 for each State. Each report 

contained data on the number of establishments by primary 

activity, gross receipts, and payroll. 

Volume 1, State and County Data-A separate report was pu blished for each of the 50 States, the United States, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands, American 

Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands. Despite the inclusion 

of American Samoa and the Northern Marianas, the 56-part 

volume 1 set for the 1978 census was pu blished in 58 separate 

books, one less than was required for the 1974 census data. 

Data are shown in the State reports for all farms and for 

farms with sales of $2,500 or more. A table is also included 

showing data for agricultural operations with sales of less than 

$1,000, which would have qualified as farms under the definition used prior to 1976. 

Each State report is divided into three chapters. Chapter 1 

contains detailed data at the State level classified by size of 

farm, tenure, age and occupation of operator, type of organization, value of products sold, and major standard industrial 

classification (type) of farm. Chapter 2 consists of county-level 

data for selected major items, and for miscellaneous crop, livestock, and poultry items. Chapter 3 contains 5 pages of detailed 

data for the State and for each county. 

Each State and county report includes the 1978 data for 

each item and' 1974 data for the same item (whenever available) 

for purposes of comparison. 

The volume 1 reports for the 50 States and the United 

States summary were published between January and August 

1981. The reports for the outlying areas were published in two 

phases. Those for Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands 

were released in July and August 1980. Those for American 

Samoa and the Northern Mariana Islands were printed one year 

later because the census of agriculture was conducted at a 

later date (in conjunction with the 1980 Census of Population 

and Housing). 

Volume 2, Statistics by Subject-This volume was to consist of 

nine parts showing selected data for States, divisions, regions, 

and the United States. Budgetary restraints compelled the 

Bureau to reduce the publication program for the 1978 census. 

While the data intended for volume 2 were useful, they were 

deemed less necessary than other data and the Bureau decided 

to cancel the publication of this volume. To compensate as 

much as possible for this cancellation, most of the summarized 

data published in the Statistics bV Subject report in previous 

censuses were included in Volume 1, State and County Data, 

Part 51, United States. 

Volume 3, Agricultural Services-Volume 3, published in 

November 1980, contains data for establish ments primarily 

engaged in soil preparation, crop, veterinary, other animal, farm 

labor and management, landscape, and horticultural services. 

Data were published on dollar volume of business, payroll, 

supplemental labor costs, gross receipts by type of services 

performed, labor and payroll, gross receipts from products 

provided in connection with services performed, capital expenditures, changes in gross value of depreciable assets, and expenditures for energy and petroleum products. Selected statistics 

are shown for the four-digit SIC (standard industrial classification) codes, and by size and type of organization. Data are 

presented for each county, each State, the District of Columbia, 

and the United States. 

Volume 4, Irrigation-Irrigation data collected in the 1978 

Census of Agriculture and the 1978 Census of Irrigation. Organizations were published by States, divisions, regions, and for 

drainage basins. Irrigation data included crop acreage irrigated 

and irrigated land use. Organization data include number of 

farms served, irrigated acres served, quantity of water used and 

conveyed, inventory of irrigation facilities and equipment, 

and financial characteristics. Volume 4 was published in April 

1982. 

Volume 5, Special Reports-Volume 5 consists of a series of 

special reports covering specific aspects of the 1978 census. 

Originally, nine separate reports were planned; however, budgetary restrictions compelled a reduction in the publication 

program. Parts 1 (Graphic Summary) and 2 (Ranking Counties 

and States) were canceled, although, later the Graphic Summary was reinstated. The special reports publication program 

for the 1978 Census of Agriculture was as follows: 

Part 1, Graphic Summary, contains maps and charts relating to 

the agriculture census data. 

Part 2, Ranking Counties and States (canceled). 

Part 3, Coverage Evaluation, describes the coverage check of the 

census, and the process evaluation sample. 

Part 4, Procedural History, includes selected data collection 

forms. 

Part 5, Drainage of Agricultural Lands, presents data on special 

drainage districts, and on land drained by county, State, 

region, and the United States. 

Part 6, Farm Finance Survey, presents selected data estimates 

on the financial characteristics of farm operators and landlords by State, region, and the United States. 

Part 7, Census of Horticultural Specialties, contains data on the 

number of establishments, production and sales characteristics of horticultural specialty operations by State, region, 

and the United States. 

Part 8, Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey, presents data on land 

irrigated and irrigation practices of 20 "heavy irrigation" 

States, for all other States, and for the United States. 
96 DISSEMINATION OF CENSUS DATA 

Part 9, Farm Energy Survey, contains data estimates of various 

forms of energy used on the farm, storage facilities, and 

equipment by State, region, and the United States. 

The Volume 5 Special Reports are scheduled for publication in 

early 1982. (See app. E for publication dates for each part.) 

MICROFICHE 

The published reports of the 1978 Census of Agriculture 

were reproduced on microfiche. Microfiche is one of the more 

economical and efficient methods of storing and retrieving data, 

and is similar to, although more compact than, microfilm. Each 

fiche, a 4" x 6" sheet of film, is capable of containing a descriptive heading and as many as 96 standard-size pages of printed 

data, with each page of a printed report photographically 

reduced 24 times, to approximately thumbnail size. Thus the 

entire 553-page volume 1 report for South Dakota, for example, 

is reproduced on six microfiche sheets, and the entire 

volume 1 data set, stored on microfiche, could be carried in a 

briefcase. 

Data from the 1978 Census of Agriculture volumes on microfiche are sold through the Data User Services Division, U.S. 

Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C., and are available 

approximately 1 to 2 months after the printed reports are 

issued. 

COMPUTER TAPES 

The Bureau of the Census first made computer tapes of 

county-level data available to users for the 1964 Census of 

Agriculture. These tapes contained the data from the preliminary county reports, while the tapes for 1969 and 1974 were 

developed from the final county reports. In addition, for the 

1969 and 1974 censuses, the county miscellaneous tables were 

made available on tape as a separate data file, enabling users to 

retabulate data for specific geographic areas or to manipulate the 

statistics in whatever manner was most useful to them. For the 

1978 census, the eagerness of users to acquire computer tapes 

of the census data led the Bureau to issue two tape data files, 

one of the preliminary and the second of the final reports data. 

The former contained the information from the preliminary 

county reports. These were made available to users on five 

reels of tape on a flow basis during 1980. In December 1980, 

after all the preliminary reports had been released, a consolidated file of the preliminary data was prepared and tapes were 

released for sale to users. While the initial "flow release" file 

was contained on five standard-size, 1,600 bits-per-inch (BPI) 

tape reels, the consolidated file was available on either two 

1,600 BPI, or one 6,250 BPI, reel. 

The specifications for the tape reels for the 1978 data are as 

follows: 

Tape width: 

Reel size: 

Y2 inch 

10';2 inch, 2,400 feet maximum length 

Logical record size: 

Field size: 

Recording density: 

Language: 

Block spacing: 

Ten 1 ,980-character record 

segments. 

Variable 

1,600 or 6,250 bits per inch 

(BPI) on 9-channel tape 

Optional; either American 

Scientific Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), or extended binary coded decimal interchange code (EBCDIC). 

0.60 inch 

The price of each preliminary data tape covers only the cost 

of producing, documenting, and handling the tape, and postage 

to mail it. Complete tape files could be purchased for specific 

States or groups of States. These could be drawn from the census files onto a separate reel and purchased that way. (The price 

of a reel containing data for more than one State was slightly 

higher than for a reel with a single State's data.) 

The final data tapes were produced and handled through 

Agriculture Division as a special tabulation and were sold for 

$1,000 per set. A set contained county data for all 50 States, 

and included data from the volume 1, State and County Data 

county tables, as well as 21 selected tables from the county 

summary data. These final tapes contained more data items 

than did the preliminary tapes, covering such additional subjects as machinery and equipment, livestock inventory frequencies, and a complete listing of crops grown. 

USERS' CONFERENCES 

The Bureau of the Census has carried out a program of data 

users' conferences after each census of agriculture since 1969. 

These meetings were held to give data users an opportunity to 

meet with members of the Bureau's staff to discuss the census 

publications and data tapes, their contents, and the uses that 

could be made of the data. Each conference was held only after 

a local group interested in the agricultural statistics agreed to 

sponsor or underwrite part or all of the expenses of the Bureau's 

representative attend'ing the meeting, and to make all the necessary arrangements, including reserving facilities, registration, etc. 

Each users' conference was held at a location convenient to the 

data users within a State or, when users in two or more adjacent 

States had requested a meeting, at a place most convenient to 

all those wishing to attend. 

The conferences were attended primarily by representatives 

of farm and agricultural organizations, agribusiness firms, 

academic institutions, con'sumer groups, news media, the transportation industry, and State and local government officials. 

A total of 15 such users conferences were held between 

October 1980 and April 1981. (See app. D for locations, dates, 

and sponsors of these conferences.) Attendance at the conferences averaged about 50 participants. 
NINETEENTH CENTURY 

Origins of the Census 

The beginnings of the agricultural census stem from article I, 

section 2 of the Constitution of the United States, which 

requires an "enumeration" (the word "census" was not used) 

of the population of each State at least once every 10 years. 

The intent of the writers of this section was to provide for 

an equitable distribution of seats in the House of Representatives, but it was not long before the rapid growth of the Nation, 

in economic activity as well as population, prompted the 

Federal Government and other interested parties to look for 

some means of measuring that growth. The first effort in this 

direction was made when a number of items on the kind, 

quantity, and value of goods manufactured were included in 

the decennial census of 1810. The United States was, of course, 

primarily an agricultural nation, but it was not until the census 

of 1820 that any question concerning agriculture was included 

among the inquiries, and then it asked only how many people 

were engaged in agriculture. (About 70 percent of the population at that time was so engaged.) 

The first attempt to collect information on agriculture as a 

national industry was made in the sixth decennial census, that 

~f 1840. Inquiries on forest products, cereals, other crops, and 

livestock were included; and the results were published with the 

other census data. However, the agriculture statistics, which 

were collected by U.S. Marshals and their assistants under the 

overall supervision of the Secretary of State( were not sufficiently detailed or reliable to be useful and demands were made 

that more data' be collected using methods that would insure 

accuracy. 

Expansion of the Census 

The 1850 census is considered the first "modern" enumeration in that it began to assume some of the special ized organization that has since characterized all the censuses. (In fact, a 

select committee of the House of Representatives recommended 

the establishment of a bureau of statistics, but that had to wait 

another 50 years.) Responsibility for the census was transferred 

from the Department of State to the newly cr'ated Department 

of the Interior. Separate sets of questions were prepared for 

collecting data on six subject areas, one of which was agricultural production. 

The agricultural questionnaire requested data for a specified 

time period-inventories as of June 1, 1850, and production for 

the year ending on that date. Production quantities were asked 

for 32 crops, ranging from wheat and rye to silk cocoons and 

beeswax. For the first time the value, as well as the number on 

97 

AppendixA 

Historical Notes 

hand, of livestock was requested, as was the value of orchard 

production, produce from market gardens, homemade manufactures, and slaughtered animals. Total counts of farms and of 

acreage and value of farmland were published for the first time 

and showed approximately 1.4 million farms with some 294 

million acres under cultivation. The total value of land in farms, 

buildings, livestock, machinery, and equipment came to nearly 

$4 billion. 

The 1860 and 1870 censuses of agriculture were generally 

similar to the 1850 enumeration, although the 1870 data were 

presented using maps as well as statistical tables. For 1880 the 

immediate conduct of the census in the field was made the 

responsibility of local supervisors appointed by the President 

and confirmed by the Senate. These supervisors hired and 

trained enumerators and reviewed their work. The content of 

the agricultural schedule (questionnaire) itself was also altered 

for 1880, increasing the total number of inquiries and including 

questions on tenure, weeks of hired labor, costs of building and 

maintaining fences, and cost of fertilizer purchased. Furthermore, special questionnaires were prepared for collecting production data on cereals, meat, tobacco, hops, cotton culture 

and the cottonseed oil industry, forest products, fruitgrowing 

and orchards, and sheep and wool. Most of these special forms 

were individual, that is, a separate form was used to enumerate 

each operation and was either completed by an enumerator 

that special ized in the subject-matter area or by the respondent, 

who was asked to mail the completed questionnaire to the 

census office. 

The expansion of the regular schedule continued for 1890, 

when questions were added on irrigated land, milk production, 

and produce for canning. Special questionnaires were once 

more used for certain operations and the population census 

schedule included requests for data on farm mortgages. 

The 1900 agriculture schedule was generally similar to that 

used in 1890 except that race of operator was requested for the 

first time. The most significant change in procedures was the 

introduction of the use of punchcards and electric tabulating 

machines in the processing of the census data. The machines 

were first used in the 1890 population census, and were adapted 

for the agricultural enumeration with the development of an 

automatic sorting machine (needed because of the great number 

of crop cards used in processing) and the use of a new keypunch 

machine. 

TWENTIETH CENTURY 

General Information 

Program developments-During the whole of the 19th century, 

the censuses were conducted by temporary organizations 
98 HISTORICAL NOTES 

established prior to the beginning of an enumeration (very often 

within a few weeks or months of the date) and disbanded once 

it was completed. Th is fleeting and informal organization 

proved less and less effective as the number of units reporting 

grew. By the turn of the century, the advantages of a permanent 

Bureau of the Census (workload distribution, capacity to carry 

out censuses and/or surveys in other than census years, 

enhanced planning capability, etc.) had become so obvious that, 

in 1902, Congress provided for its establishment. The new Bureau was fi rst placed in the Department of the Interior, but 

after a decade it moved into the new Department of Commerce 

and Labor. When that was split into two separate Departments 

in 1913, the Bureau was incorporated into the Department of 

Commerce, where it has since remained. 

Until after the turn of the century, agricultural censuses had 

been carried out solely as part of the decennial enumerations. 

This began to change in 1909, when Congress authorized the 

taking of a mid-decade census of agriculture in 1915 and every 

10 years thereafter. While this action established the quinquennial agricultural enumeration, the section requiring one for 1915 

was repealed and the fi rst mid-decade enumeration was not 

carried out until 1925. In the meantime, other specialized 

censuses had been added to the agricultural operation: In 1910 

a decennial census of irrigation was inaugurated, and in 1920, 

a census of drainage; these, along with agriculture, remained 

part of the decennial census program through 1950, while 

quinquennial censuses of agriculture were taken in years ending 

in "5." In 1952, Congress acted to change the dates of agricultural enumerations, legislating that they be taken for years 

ending in "4" and "9," with the irrigation and drainage censuses 

done only for years ending in "9." In 1972, the Bureau and 

the Department of Commerce recommended changing the 

dates of the agricultural censuses to years ending in "2" and 

"7," to bring them into conjunction with the other economic 

censuses. In 1976 Congress enacted a law di recting that censuses of agriculture be taken in 1979, 1983, and every fifth 

year thereafter (i.e., for 1978, 1982, etc.). A special census 

of horticultural specialties, first taken as part of the 1890 census 

and then in conjunction with the agricultural censuses of 1930, 

1950, 1959, and 1969, was again part of the 1978 census, but 

was not given the periodic status accorded to irrigation and 

drainage. 

Reference and enumeration dates-Through 1950, the census of 

agriculture was normally taken in the spring, when the door-todoor enumeration was carried out in the censuses of population 

and housing. Data on farm production was requested for 

the previous calendar year and inventories were asked for as of 

the date of the enumeration. The 1920, 1925, 1935, and 1945 

agricultural censuses were begun in January of those years (and 

hence carried some data for the previous years), while the 1954, 

1959, and 1964 censuses were begun in the fall of those years 

and requested production date for the same year. (Specific 

enumeration dates varied from area to area as an attempt was 

made to sandwich the census canvassing between the harvest 

season and the onset of severe winter weather.) The use of the 

mailout/mailback technique, begun in the 1969 census, enabled 

farm operators to report data immediately following the reference year, as report forms were mailed at the end of the year 

with a request that they be returned promptly. This permitted 

collection of inventory data as of December 31 of the reference 

year, making the data comparable to U.S. Department of 

Agriculture estimates, while leaving the reference year itself 

unchanged. 

Enumeration-The traditional method of carrying out an 

agricultural census has been a farm-to-farm canvass, with an 

enumerator asking all the questions and completing the report 

form. For the 1950 census, however, the Bureau tried a new 

methodology; an interview questionnaire (i.e., one in which the 

questions are phrased as if they were being asked by an interviewer) was delivered to rural route boxholders. A letter was 

enclosed requesting each farm operator to complete the report 

form and hold it until an enumerator came to pick it up. This 

technique proved moderately successful and was used until 

1969. (A version of this methodology was tried in 1925, 1930, 

and 1935, when the same procedures were used, except that 

the enumerator transcribed to the official census schedule any 

data entered by the respondent on a delivered questionnaire.) 

The 1969 census saw the introduction of the mailout/ 

mail back census in the agriculture enumeration. Address lists 

were compiled from the 1964 census records and listings from 

the Internal Revenue Service, Social Security Administration, 

and U.S. Department of Agriculture, and farm operators were 

mailed questionnaires together with letters requesting that they 

complete the report forms and mail them back to the Bureau. 

The use of enumerators in the field was restricted to the censuses of Puerto Rico and the outlying areas, and certain limited 

follow-up activities. The mailout/mailback technique was used 

again in the 1974 and 1978 censuses. The use of the mail procedure has presented certain problems, most notably the difficulty in compiling complete address lists and in obtaining 

timely responses from operators. When the coverage evaluation 

survey for the 1974 Census of Agriculture revealed that the 

incompleteness of the address register nearly duplicated the 

1969 experience, a supplemental appropriation was sought and 

obtained to improve the accuracy of State totals for the 1978 

census by incorporating the results of an area segment sample 

(see "Sampling" below). For 1969, 1974, and 1978, six or 

seven follow-up mail ings, plus the enumeration by telephone of 

70,000 to 100,000 cases over a period of several months, were 

necessary to obtain adequate response levels. Nevertheless, the 

advantages of the methodology, in saving tax dollars and in 

convenience to the farm operators, were considered to outweigh its drawbacks. 

Questionnaire Format and Content 

Format-A separate census of agriculture report form has been 

used for each farm since 1900, with the exception of 1945 

when a booklet format provided for recording the data for one 

farm per line. The number of questions on any given census 

has varied widely, although the Bureau has generally tried to 

keep respondent burden as low as possible consistent with the 
HISTORICAL NOTES 99 

need for the data. These conflicting goals have led to a number 

of compromises in every census operation and to experiments 

during the 1940's and 1950's in "tailoring" report forms to 

the different regions of the country or even to individual States. 

In the 1940 census, this tailoring effort resulted in a special 

questionnaire for each of nine regions of the country. In 1945 

this was reduced to seven such schedules, but for 1950 no fewer 

than 41 questionnaires tailored for States or groups of States 

were used. This enabled the Bureau to collect a great deal of 

data, but caused considerable processing and tabulating difficulties. For 1954, the total number of customized forms was 

reduced to 21 regional versions. The 1959 census once more 

saw 40 differing qUestionnaires, while for 1964 each State or 

outlying area had its own version (some 53 in all). 

The advent of the mail census for 1969 saw the introduction 

of standardized A 1 and A2 (short) report forms, with special 

questionnaires used only for Hawaii, the outlying areas, Puerto 

Rico, and agricultural services. Subjects covered only in decen· 

nial censuses of irrigation, drainage, and horticultural specialties 

also had special questionnaires. Except for design changes with 

regard to mail handling, a similar format was used for 1974. 

The 1978 census saw something of a return to more numerous 

report forms: there were sample and nonsample questionnaires, 

similar (in their use) to the A 1 and A2, for agricultural operations, and four agricultural services forms. one for each major 

agricultural service activity. Differing ink colors were used on 

the forms to aid in processing and storage. 

Content-In addition to a simple measure of production, the 

census of agriculture has been used to provide data on the 

effects of technological change on American agriculture and on 

the social and economic characteristics of farm operators and 

their families. Collection of these data on the agriculture report 

forms permits cross-tabulations of personal and farm data, 

providing a more complete picture of both agriculture and 

the agricultural population. 

The 1920 census was the first to attempt to collect a significant amount of data on farmers' access to current technology. 

In addition to the usual production and inventory questions, 

farm operators were asked if they had gas or electric lighting 

in their homes, or if they owned any tractors, automobiles, or 

trucks. For 1930, the lighting item was narrowed to electricity 

only, wh ile for 1940 an attempt was made to try to quantify 

the availability of electric power by asking if power was available within one-quarter mile of the farm, while other items 

asked what kinds of roads adjoined the farm, and whether it 

had a telephone. The 1945 census saw the addition of questions 

on the presence of new kinds of equipment, such as combines 

and milking machines, while items on other kinds of machinery 

and equipment (in 1950, corn pickers and pickup balers; in 1954, 

field forage harvesters, and so on) were added as the pace of 

the mechanization of agriculture increased. 

Items on purely socioeconomic concerns (as opposed to 

borderline items such as electricity and telephones in the 1920's 

and 1930's) began to appear with the 1910 census when questions on hired labor were included. Over the years, increasing 

interest in measures of farm-versus-nonfarm employment and 

income have resulted in the addition of a number of questions 

designed to collect data on those areas. While the race and 

tenure of farm operators has been asked in all the censuses of 

this century, the 1978 enumeration included an item on the 

ethnic background of the operator as well. Of more specifically 

economic interest, the agriculture census has been used to 

collect data for special studies of particular kinds of farms. In 

1910, census data were used for a study of Southern plantations, 

and items were added in 1945, 1950, 1954, and 1959 to identify "multiple-unit operations," and landlord-tenant operations 

in the South. The 1969 census of agriculture report form was 

the first to inquire about the business organization of the farm 

(i.e., individual, partnership, corporation, etc.), an item that 

was also included on the 1974 and 1978 questionnaires. For 

1978, an item on whether the land the respondent was operating was held under foreign ownership or control any time 

during the census year was included on the census form. 

Sampling 

The use of sampling as a statistical technique with regard to 

census of agriculture data received its first real stimulus in 

World War II. The need for an analysis of certain special problems relating to agriculture, given time and cost restraints, led 

to the sampling of the 1940 Census of Agriculture data for 

special tabulations. The experience gained in this operation, 

plus the fact that many of the inquiries requested by data 

users could not be practicably included on a general census 

form, led to the decision to incorporate the use of sampling 

in conducting the 1945 census. 

Data required at the county level were asked of all farms, 

while data required on a State level were asked only of a sample 

of farms. For enumeration purposes, each county was divided 

into segments, each of which was ex pected to contain an average 

of five farms, and a 1-in-18 sample of segments was drawn, 

within which report forms that included the sample inquiries 

were used. In the meantime, various administrative records were 

used to identify and list the 50,000 farms with largest sales 

or the largest acreages or livestock inventories in 1945. The 

sample inquiries also were asked of these large farms, and their 

responses, in combination with the 1-in-18 sample of all other 

farms, were combined to provide a 1-in-14 sample of agricultural operations in the United States. 

In 1950, the census once more covered all farms, but sample 

questions were asked of all large farms, i.e., those with sales of 

$70,000 or more or with geographically variable acreage or livestock minimums, and one-fifth of all remaining farms. A similar 

sample technique was used in 1954, when special questions 

went to about 22.5 percent of all farms, and continued in use 

until 1969, when the mailout/mailback enumeration replaced 

the traditional farm-to-farm canvass. 

The. implementation of the mail census for 1969 also saw a 

change in the sampling frame used. A standard report form, the 

A 1, was sent to all farms expected to have sales of $2,500 or 

more, while a short form, the A2, was sent to 50 percent of all 

other operators. Sampling was not used in the 1974 enumeration; A 1 forms were used for farms with sales of $2,500 or more, 

while A2 forms were sent to all other operators. For 1978, the 
100 HISTORICAL NOTES 

Bureau once again drew a sample of the mailing list consisting of 

large farms (those with expected sales of at least $40,000, 

although that limit was higher in some States) and abnormal 

farms (i .e., farms operated by institutions, such as hospitals, 

government agencies, etc.), and a 1-in-5 sample of all other 

farms with sales of $1,000 or more. This yielded a sample of 

about 26 percent. Sample farms received a report form containing 

a number of additional item concerned with energy expenditures, 

production expenses, use of fertilizers, machinery and equipment, 

use of chemicals, and market value of land and buildings, as 

well as of the regular questions. 

Further, because of the difficulty experienced in compiling 

a complete list of farm operators, an area segment sample was 

implemented to supplement the mailing list for the 1978 census. 

This sample consisted of approximately 6,400 area segments, 

each expected to contain about 10 farms. The sample segments 

were completely canvassed by enumerators. Farms enumerated 

in the area segment sample were matched to the mailing list; 

those that could not be matched were used to provide data for 

making estimates, at the State level, of the characteristics of 

farms not included on the census list. (For details of the area 

sample, see chapter 4.) 

Follow-On Sample Surveys 

In 1955, a sample survey of farm expenditures was conducted by mail; the operatioris in the sample were selected from 

respondents to the 1954 Census of Agriculture. Subsequently, 

each agriculture census program has included at least one 

follow-on survey. The 1959 and 1964 census programs included 

the 1960 and 1965 farm finance surveys; the 1969 census was 

augmented by the 1971 farm enterprise surveys (one for each of 

nine major type-of-farm enterprises, such as tobacco, poultry, 

etc.) and a farm finance survey. For 1974, the basic census 

form for farms with $2,500 or more in sales included some 

finance questions, and follow-on surveys of corporate and 

business activities, farm and ranch partnership operations, 

and contracts and binding agreements were carried out. 

For the 1978 census program, the Bureau carried out surveys 

of farm finance, farm and ranch irrigation practices, and farm 

energy use (all these operations used 1979 as the reference 

year). A census of horticultural specialties, covering all growers 

of greenhouse or nursery products, mushrooms, or sod that had 

sales of $2,000 or more in 1978, was done at the same time. In 

order to avoid a double reporting burden on certain floriculturalists in some 28 States in which the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture takes an annual survey of floriculture operations 

with sales of $10,000 or more, a cooperative arrangement was 

negotiated whereby USDA collected the data from the growers 

on their list, using the full-scale horticultural specialties census 

report form, and forwarded the forms to the Census Bureau 

after extracting the floriculture data. (A similar arrangement 

had been used for the 1970 Census of Horticultural Specialties.) 

Processing and Presenting the Data 

The introduction of rudimentary mechanical processing and 

tabulating around the turn of the century was a major methodological innovation for the census. The processing methodS 

used by the Bureau did not undergo a comparable alteration 

in methodology or equipment until the introduction of computers after World War II. Technological improvement did, of 

course, continue. In 1940, for example, the punchcards used 

in the census were subjected to the first mechanical editing; an 

electric collator compared the fields on each card for consistency as the cards passed through an electrical reading and 

editing station. Rejected cards were listed and clerically 

reviewed. 

For the 1964 census, the data on the punchcards were 

transferred to magnetic computer tapes and most of the editing 

and tabulating was done by computer, using programs written 

for such operations. The computer systems included high-speed 

printers that produced copies of the programmed tables for 

review, correction, and rerun. The data were keyed directly to 

the magnetic tape for the 1974 census, skipping the punchcard 

process altogether, with a certain amount of editing performed 

electronically while the keying was carried out. 

The major innovations in the presentation of agriculture 

census data in the 20th century as compared to the 19th, 

aside from separation from the decennial census publication 

program, have been (1) the publication of individual reports 

for States and counties; (2) a considerable increase in the 

number of special reports on subjects such as land tenure, use 

of machinery and equipment, farm chemicals, etc_;(3) the 

institution of graph ic summaries of farm data as a regular part 

of the publication program; and (4) the availability to the user 

of data on computer tapes and microfiche. 

The publication of State, county, and various special 

reports may be considered the natural result of the growth 

in demand for access to data. The graphic summaries, on the 

other hand, represent an attempt to present a considerable 

volume of data in other than purely tabular form. While agriculture census reports for 1870 and after generally included a 

number of charts and graphs, the first separate graphic pUblication was not produced until 1948. Using data from the 1945 

agricultural census, this initial effort presented data on farm 

tenure and land use. The 1950 and later censuses saw expansion 

of this graphic summary program as it became a regular part of 

the publication process. The 1969 census graphic summary was 

the first to use computer-generated maps, of which it contained 

over 200, while the 1974 publication was further expanded to 

over 300 maps, as well as numerous computer-generated charts 

and graphs. 

Agriculture census data on computer tape were first made 

available to data users in the 1964 census, when tapes of the 

preliminary data were prepared and offered for sale. The final 

data were used for the 1969 and 1974 census tapes, but the 

preliminary data were used again for 1978 in order that the 

Bureau might make tapes available to data users as quickly 

as possible after the census. The 1964 published reports were 

the first to be made available on microfiche; since then, production of microfiche of all published tabulations has been 

included as a regular part of the publication program_ For 1978, 

the use of microfiche was expanded to include unpublished 

tabulations not available to users in any other form. 
INTRODUCTION 

Several hundred people working at a wide variety of tasks 

were required to carry out the 1978 Census of Agriculture, but 

a relatively small number of these carried the principal responsibility for planning, developing, integrating, and supervising the 

various phases of the operation. This appendix is a directory of 

the key people in the executive staff, operating divisions, and 

various offices, who had these responsibilities during the conduct of the census, from July 31, 1977, through September 30, 

1981. 

EXECUTIVE STAFF 

Director 

The Director determined policies and directed the programs 

of the Bureau, taking into account applicable legislative requirements and the needs of users of statistical information. The 

Director was responsible for the conduct of the activities of 

the Bureau of the Census and for coordinating its statistical 

programs and activities with those of other Federal statistical 

agencies, with due recognition of the programs developed and 

regulations issued by the Department of Commerce and the 

Office of Management and Budget. 

The Director was assisted by a Deputy Director who shared 

his responsibilities and carried out the duties of the Director in 

the latter's absence. During most of the 1978 census period 

there were six Associate Directors and seven Assistant Directors 

on the executive staff, as well as several Special Assistants, a 

Legal Advisor, and three Bureau units-the Public Information 

Office, the Program and Policy Development Office, and the 

Data User Services Division-that reported to the Director. 

Daniel B. Levine, Acting Director, from Jan. 1981, and MayJuly 1979 

Vincent P. Barabba, July 1979-Jan. 1981 

Robert L. Hagan, Acting Director, Apr.-May 1979 

Manuel D. Plotkin, to Apr. 1979 

Alfred J. Tella, Special Adviser 

Deputy Director 

Daniel B. Levine, from May 1979 

Robert L. Hagan, to May 1979 

Theodore G. Clemence, Senior Advisor, from July 1980 

Sherry L. Courtland, Senior Advisor, Dec. 1979-July 1980 

101 

AppendixB 

Key Personnel 

Assistant Director for International Programs 

(Established, Feb. 19aO.) 

Meyer Zitter, from Feb. 1980 

Associate Director for Economic Fields 

The Associate Director for Economic Fields planned and 

directed the economic statistical programs, and advised the 

Director in these fields. Aided by an Assistant Director for 

Economic and Agriculture Censuses (who was also the Chief of 

the Economic Census Staff), the Associate Director for 

Economic Fields supervised the Agriculture, Business, Construction Statistics, Economic Surveys, Foreign Trade, Governments, 

and Industry Divisions, as well as the Economic Census Staff 

and, from Aug. 1981, the Center for Economic Studies. 

Shirley Kallek 

Elmer S. Biles, Senior Economic Advisor, to July 19S1 

Elinor J. Champion, Economic Statistician, from Oct. 1979 

Milton Eisen, Senior Economic Advisor, Jan. 1 9S0-Feb. 19a1 

Leo J. Kearns, Special Assistant, to June 1975 

Thomas L. Mesenbourg, Economic Statistician, from Feb. 

19S1 

Sterling J. Nicholson, Economic Statistician 

Max Shor, Special Assistant, to Aug. 1979 

Assistant Director for Economic and Agriculture Censuses 

Michael G. Farrell, from Aug. 19S1 

Richard B. Quanrud, to July 19S1 

Lawrence A. Blum, Special Assistant 

Beverly M. Eng, Statistician, from Jan. 19S0 

Claggett A. Jones, Computer SpeCialist 

Robert S. Taylor, Special Assistant 

Center for Economic Studies 

(Established, Aug. 1981.) 

Gaylord E. Worden, Chief, from Aug. 1981 

Associate Director for Information Technology 

(Associate Director for Electronic Data 

Processing prior to Oct. 1979.) 

This Associate Director planned and directed programs for 

electronic data processing operations and techniques and 

advised the Director in these matters. He was responsible for 

the Computer Operations, Systems Support, Systems Development, and Technical Services Divisions. 
102 KEY PERSONNEL 

W. Bruce Ramsay, from June 1978 

James W. Turbitt, Acting Associate Director, to June 1978 

Assistant Director for Computer Services 

(Assistant Director for E DP Operations prior to Oct. 1979.) 

Howard N. Hamilton, from May 1979 

Automated Data Processing (ADP) Planning Staff 

(Established, Oct. 1979.) 

Richard L. Pauly, Acting Chief, from Mar. 1981 

James R. Pepal, Chief, Oct. 1979·Mar. 1981 

Associate Director for Administration 

(Established, July 1979; formerly Associate Director, 

for Administration and Field Operations.) 

The Associate Director provided administrative management 

services to all components of the Bureau of the Census and 

advised the Director in these matters. He directed the Administrative Services, Budget, Data Preparation (until July 1979), 

Data User Services (until July 1979), Field (until July 1979), 

Finance, Organization and Management Systems, Personnel, and 

Publications Services Divisions, the Decennial Processing Staff 

(until July 1979), and the Equal Employment Opportunity 

Office (from July 1979). 

James D. Lincoln, from July 1979 

James W. Turbitt, to Jan. 1979 

Assistant Director for Administration 

(Abolished, July 1979; reestablished, Feb. 1981.) 

O. Bryant Benton, Acting Assistant Director, from Sept. 1981 

Vacant, Feb.-Sept. 1981 

James D. Lincoln, Feb.-July 1979 

Assistant Director for Field Operations 

(Abolished, July 1979.) 

Curtis T. Hill, to July 1979 

Associate Director for Field Operations 

(Established, July 1979.) 

This Associate Director planned and directed programs of 

field data collection and noncomputer-processing operations, 

and advised the Director in these matters. He directed the Data 

Preparation, Field, and Geography Divisions, and the Decennial 

Processing Staff. 

C. Louis Kincannon, Acting Associate Director, from Aug. 1981 

Shirley Kallek, Acting Associate Director, Oct.-Nov. 1979, and 

July-Aug. 1981 

George E. Hall, Acting Associate Director, June-July 1981 

Rex L. Pullin, May 1980-June 1981; Acting Associate Director, 

Nov. 1979-May 1980 

Curtis T. Hill, July-Oct. 1979 

Assistant Director for Processing 

(Established, Feb. 1981.) 

C. Louis Kincannon, Acting Assistant Director, from Aug. 1981 

C. Thomas DiNenna, Mar.-July 1981 

Associate Director for Statistical Standards and 

Methodology 

This Associate Director planned and directed programs 

relating to the statistical adequacy of proposed collections and 

the application of appropriate statistical methodology and 

techniques, programs of geographic services (until July 1979), 

and programs for the enhancement of the availability and utility of data to meet State and local government needs, and 

advised the Director in these fields. This Associate Director 

supervised the Geography (until July 1979) and Statistical 

Research Divisions, the Center for Social Service Research 

(established Mar. 1979 as the Center for Human Factors 

Research; the name was changed in Aug. 1980), the Research 

Center for Measurement Methods, and the Center for Census 

Use Studies (the latter was incorporated into the Statistical 

Research Division in Apr. 1978 and, in July 1979, was transferred to the Data User Services Division as Census User Research). 

Barbara A. Bailar, from Oct. 1979; Acting Associate Director, 

Aug.-Oct. 1979 

Leon Gilford, Acting Associate Director, May-Aug. 1979 

Robert L. Hagan, Acting Associate Director to Oct. 1977 and 

Mar.-May 1979 

Harold Nisselson, Oct. 1977-Feb. 1979 

Eli S. Marks, Chief Census Research and Technical Advisor, 

to Dec. 1980 

Kirk M. Wolter, Senior Mathematical Statistician, from Nov. 

1980 

Assistant Director for Statistical Standards and Methodology 

(Abolished, Feb. 1978.) 

Vacant, from Oct. 1977 

Harold Nisselson, to Oct. 1977 

Assistant Director for Statistical Research 

(Established, Feb. 1981.) 

Roger H. Moore, from Mar. 1981 

Associate Director for Demographic Fields 

The Associate Director for Demographic Fields planned and 

directed the social and demographic statistical programs and 

advised the Director in these areas, as well as directed the 

Demographic Census and Demographic Surveys Divisions, and 

other divisions not immediately involved in the 1978 Census of 

Agriculture. 

Meyer Zitter, Acting Associate Director, from Aug. 1981 

Daniel B. Levine, Acting Associate Director, July-Aug. 1981 

George E. Hall, July 1979-July 1981 
KEY PERSONNEL 103 

Daniel B. Levine, Acting Associate Director, May-June 1979; 

Associate Director to May 1979 

DIVISIONS 

Administrative Services Division 

This division secured space, supplies, and equipment; 

arranged for communications, transportation, and related services; and designed the census questionnaires in conjunction 

with the Agriculture Division. 

Robert L. Kirkland, Chief, from May 1981 (Acting Chief, Jan.-

May 1981) 

O. Bryant Benton, Acting Chief, June 1980-Jan. 1981 

Henry J. Husmann, Chief, to June 1980 

William C. Fanning, Assistant Chief, from July 1981 

Daniel L. Levin, Assistant Chief; Feb. 1979-Sept. 1980 

Robert N. Scheller, Assistant Chief, to Feb. 1979 

Forms and Mail Management Branch 

Albert W. Cosner, Chief 

Property and Supply Branch 

Carroll J. Cummings, Chief, Feb. 1979-June 1981 

Daniel L. Levin, Chief, to Feb. 1979 

Library and Information Branch 

Betty B. Baxtresser, Chief 

Records and Facilities Branch 

George J. Sollo, Chief, from Nov. 1980 

Peter E. Gagnon, Ch ief, Dec. 1978-Nov. 1980 

Ralph E. Gooch, Chief, to Dec. 1978 

Agriculture Division 

The Agriculture Division formulated and developed overall 

plans and programs for the collection, processing, and dissemination of statistical data from surveys or censuses relating 

to agriculture, agricultural activities· or products, equipment 

and facilities, irrigation and drainage enterprises, and cotton 

ginning. It planned and developed systems and prepared 

computer programs for the data-processing of agricultural 

information, and conducted research and prepared analytical 

reports, monographs, and special studies related to agricultural 

production in the United States. 

Arnold L. Bollenbacher, Chief, from May 1980 

Messrs. Arnold L. Bollenbacher, John E. Adkins, George E. 

Pierce, and Charles E. Rogers served as acting chief of the 

division for one month each during the period Jan.-Apr. 1980. 

Vacant, Jan. 1980-Apr. 1980 

Orvin L. Wilhite, Chief, to Jan. 1980 

Douglas J. Miller, Special Assistant, to Nov. 1980 

Carol Cuellar, Administrative Officer, from Apr. 1981 

Peggy Kelly, Administrative Officer, Jan. 1979-Aug. 1980 

Lois G. Miller, Administrative Officer, to Jan. 1979 

J. Thomas Miller, Consultant 

John Ternus, Agriculture Information Specialist, from Jan. 

1978 

John E. Adkins, Assistant Chief, Operations 

Joseph A. Horak, Assistant Chief, Agricultural Statistics, Nov.· 

May 1981 

Arnold L. Bollenbacher, Assistant Chief, Agricultural Statistics, 

to Nov. 1980 

Ralph A. Graham, Computer Systems Analyst 

Edward J. James, Statistician, to Jan 1981 

Kenneth R. Norell, Assistant Chief, Special Surveys 

George E. Pierce, Chief, Census Planning Staff 

Patricia A. Clark, Statistician 

Douglas J. Miller, Statistician, from Nov. 1980 

Richard R. Storm, Statistician, to July 1980 

Agriculture Census Programming Branch 

(Established in Jan. 1979, when Programming 

Branch was divided into two branches.) 

Billy Stark, Chief, from Nov. 1979 

Stephen M. Schobel, Chief, Jan.-Nov. 1979 

Martin S. Harahush, Computer Systems Analyst, from 

Jan. 1979 

Morris A. Murray, Computer Programmer, from Jan. 1979 

Sharon C. Spivey, Computer Programmer, from Jan. 1979 

Special Census/Surveys Branch 

(Established in Jan. 1979, when Programming 

• Branch was divided into two branches.) 

Lowell T. Wrucke, Chief, from Jan. 1979 

Allen J. Blackburn, Computer Programmer, from Jan. 1979 

Amozetta Ratliff, Computer Programmer, from Jan. 1979 

Diane J. Simmons, Computer Programmer, from Jan. 1979 

Vincent J. Vabolis, Computer Technician, from Jan. 1979 

Programming Branch 

(Abol ished, Jan. 1979.) 

Stephen M. Schobel, Chief, to Jan. 1979 

Martin S. Harahush, Computer Systems Analyst, to Jan. 

1979 

Diane J. Simmons, Programmer, to Jan. 1979 

Morris J. Murray, Programmer, to Jan. 1979 

Billy E. Stark, Computer Systems Analyst, to Jan. 1979 

Alberta L. Jackson, Technician, to Jan. 1979 

Sharon C. Spivey, Computer Programmer, to Jan. 1979 

Allen J. Blackburn, Computer Programmer, to Jan. 1979 

Amozetta Ratliff, Computer Programmer, to Jan. 1979 

William M. Sandusky, Computer Programmer, to Jan. 1979 

Procedures Branch 

Avon B. Floyd, Chief, from Aug. 1980 (Statistician, to Aug. 

1980.) 
104 

Lloyd C. Brown, Chief, to Aug. 1980 

Henry B. Evans, Statistician 

Donald F. Cheza, Statistician, from Mar. 1978 

Beverly E. Battle, Statistician, from Apr. 1978 

Farm Economics Branch 

(Data Analysis Branch,Jan.1980-0ct. 1981.) 

John A. Blackledge, Chief 

Emile N. Hooker, Statistician 

Mary K. Richter, Statistician 

John H. Barrett, Statistician 

James A. Liefer, Statistician 

Joseph M. Miller, Statistician 

Crop Statistics Branch 

(Data Postcheck Branch, Jan. 1980-0ct. 1981.) 

Donald R. Jahnke, Chief 

Hubert E. Sites, Statistician 

Carl N. McAllister, Statistician 

Frank J. Shelton, Statistician 

Neng W. Chin, Statistician 

Francis D. Tolson, Statistician, from Jan. 1978 

Paulette M. Bonchak, Statistician, from Jan. 1978 

Livestock Statistics Branch 

(Control and Analysis Branch, Jan. 1980-0ct. 1980.) 

Thomas D. Monroe, Chief 

John A. Branch, Statistician 

Beverly Ann Fair, Statistician 

James C. Vogelsang, Statistician, from Jan. 1978 

Gordon H. Lester, Jr., Statistician 

Linda Jane Hutton, Statistician 

Irrigation and Drainage Branch 

Kenneth R. Norell, Acting Chief, from Nov. 1980 

Joseph A. Horak, Chief, to Nov. 1980 

William R. Adams, Statistician 

Frederick W. Ruggles, Statistician 

Outlying Areas Statistics Branch 

John C. Womack, Chief, from June 1980 

Kenneth R. Norell, Acting Chief, May 1979-June 1980 

William W. Perry, Chief, to May 1979 

Linda R. Walters, Statistician 

Manuel J. Ortiz, Statistician 

Demosthenes Birbilis, Statistician, from Jan. 1981 

Agricultural Services Branch 

(Abolished, June 1980.) 

John C. Womack, Chief, to June 1980 

Demosthenes Birbilis, Statistician, to June 1980 

Program Research and Development Branch 

Darrell D. Prochaska, Chief 

KEY PERSONNEL 

Jane Y. Dea, Statistician 

William C. Davie, Statistician 

Research and Methods Branch 

David D. Chapman, Chief, from June 1978 

Harold V. Edwards, Chief, to Dec. 1977 

Tommy W. Gaulden, Mathematical Statistician 

Jeffersonville Staff 

William A. Harlan, Statistician 

James C. Vogelsang, Statistician, to Jan. 1978 

Arion M. Scott, Statistician 

Farm and Ranch Identification Survey Branch 

(Established, Sept. 1980.) 

John H. Barrett, Chief, from Sept. 1980 

Area Sample Survey Branch 

(Established, Sept. 1980.) 

Thomas J. Manning, Chief, from Apr. 1981 

Vacant, to Apr. 1981 

Budget Division 

This division performed budget functions that included the 

preparation of official budget estimates and justifications, and 

the allocation and control of funds. 

Joseph P. Bellomo, Chief, from Sept. 1981 

Vacant, June-Sept. 1981 

Thomas E. Beck, Chief, to June 1981 

Budget Control and Operational Analysis Branch 

James P. Eaton, Chief, from Dec. 1981 

Vacant, Aug. 1980-Dec. 1981 

John J. Dycus, Chief, from Aug. 1980 

Budget Planning and Presentation Branch 

Daniel F. Owens, Chief 

Program Budget Review and Authorization Branch 

John J. Dycus, Chief, Aug. 1979-Aug. 1980 

Evelyn M. Hollabaugh, Chief, Sept. 1978-June 1980 

Ives G. Morony, Chief, to Sept. 1978 

Computer Operations Division 

This division operated and managed the electronic computers and related auxiliary equipment of the Bureau; planned 

and performed associated coordination services; and provided 

user services, such as documentation, source program optimization, programming methodologies, and standards to facilitate 

the use of the Bureau's automatic data processing (ADP) 

resources. 
KEY PERSONNEL 105 

C. Thomas DiNenna, Chief, to Jan. 1981 and from July 1981 

James R. Pepal, Acting Chief, Mar.-June 1981 

Howard N. Hamilton, Acting Chief, Jan.-Mar. 1981 

George M. Bowden, Assistant Chief, Administration, from 

Oct. 1981 

James E. Steed, Assistant Chief, Operations, from June 1981 

John E. Halterman, Assistant Chief, Operations, to June 

1981 

Joseph J. Sferrella, Assistant Chief, Hardware Support, 

from Sept. 1981 

Joseph V. Marean, Assistant Ch ief, Hardware Support, 

Feb.-June 1981 

Administrative Staff 

(Established, Oct. 1979.) 

Donald R. James, Administrative Officer, from Jan. 1980; 

Budget Analyst, Oct. 1979-Jan. 1980 

Computer Maintenance Branch 

(Transferred from Systems Development Division, Feb. 1981.) 

Vacant, from Sept. 1981 

Joseph J. Sferrella, Chief, Feb.-Sept. 1981 

Facilities Operations Branch 

Willie E. Clark, Chief, from July 1981 

Jesse J. Verdeja, Chief, to July 1981 

Data Management Branch 

John D. Hooper, Chief, from July 1981 

Willie E. Clark, Chief, to July 1981 

Peripheral Equipment Branch 

(Transferred from Systems Development Division, 

Feb. 1981;abolished,Oct. 1981.) 

Joseph J. Sferrella, Acting <:;hief, June-Oct. 1981 

Joseph V. Marean, Acting Chief, Feb.June 1981 

Maintenance Training and Diagnostics Branch 

(Transferred from Systems Development Division, 

Feb. 1981; abolished, Oct. 1981.) 

Joseph J. Sferrella, Acting Chief, July-Oct. 1981 

Robert P. Stephens, Chief, Feb.-July 1981 

Systems Testing and Acceptance Branch 

John D. Hopper, Acting Chief, from July 1981 

Vacant, Aug. 1980-July 1981 

Robert L. Mills, Chief, to Aug. 1980 

Programming Methods and Standards Branch 

(Abolished, Feb. 1981.) 

Vacant, May 1980-Feb. 1981 

William W. Lovelace, Chief, Oct. 1979-May 1980 

Scheduling and Control Staff 

(Established, Oct. 1979.) 

Jesse J. Verdeja, Chief, from July 1981 

John D. Hopper, Chief, Oct. 1979-July 1981 

User Training and Information Branch 

(Establ ished, Oct. 1979; transferred to Systems 

Support Division, Feb. 1981.) 

Carol M. Vaughan, Chief, Oct. 1979-Feb. 1981 

Computer Analysis and Management Branch 

(Established, Oct. 1981.) 

Gary H. Dickerson, Chief, from Nov. 1981 

ADP Acquisition Staff 

(Established, Oct. 1981.) 

George M. Bowden, Acting Chief, from Oct. 1981 

Data Preparation Division 

This division performed large-scale clerical and related operations, such as labeling questionnaires, assembling mailing packages, precomputer editing and coding of returns, data entry, 

and clerical review of computer-generated reject records, and 

generated necessary correspondence related to these operations. 

Don L. Adams, Chief 

Patricia M. Clark, Assistant Chief, Operations, from July 

1978 

Kathern M. Clay, Assistant Chief, Methodology, Procedures 

and Quality Control, to Jan. 1979 

Personnel Management Staff 

Stanley M. Domzalski, Chief 

Support Services Staff 

Kurt L.G. Legait, Chief, from Apr. 1979 

Management and Procedures Branch 

Jerry L. Hartman, Ch ief 

Operations Sr.'1eduling Staff 

Jennie Spencer, Chief 

Statistical Methods and Quality Control Branch 

Juanita Jones, Ch ief 

Data Systems Branch 

George E. Wilson, Chief, from Feb. 1978 

Vacant, Jan.-Feb. 1978, 

Kurt L.G. Legait, Chief, to Dec. 1977 
106 KEY PERSONNEL 

Geography Branch 

Gary Doyle, Chief, from Sept. 1980 

Rebecca Lamon, Acting Chief, Feb.-Sept. 1980 

Wendell McManus, Chief, to Feb. 1980 

Reproduction and Materials Distribution Branch 

William L. Pangburn, Chief 

Periodic Censuses Operations Branch 

Patricia M. Clark, Acting Chief, from Jan. 1981 

Rebecca Lamon, Chief, to Jan. 1981 

Agriculture Processing Section 

Joyce Conn, Operations Officer, from Dec. 1980; Supervisory 

Operations Assistant, to Dec. 1980 

Betty Atkins, Mail Supervisor, Dec. 1978-Sept. 1979 

Keith Lacy, Supervisory Statistician, Nov. 1978-June 1980 

Darwin Abbott, Supervisory Statistical Assistant, Dec. 1978-

Sept. 1980 

Lucille Avis, Supervisory Clerical Assistant, Dec. 1978-July 

1980 

Linda Broadus, Supervisory Clerical Assistant, Dec. 1978-

Aug. 1980 

Darrell Farabee, Supervisory Statistical Assistant, Oct. 1978-

Feb. 1980 

Helen F outs, Supervisory Statistical Assistant, Dec. 1978-

Sept. 1979 

Fredella Haymaker, Supervisory Operations Assistant, Dec. 

1978·0ct. 1979 

Kathy Holland, Supervisory Operations Assistant, Dec. 1978-

Jan. 1980 

Doris Higdon, Supervisory Statistical Assistant, Dec. 1978-

June 1980 

Helen Luse, Supervisory Statistical Assistant, Dec. 1978-Aug. 

1980 

Kenneth Millel', Supervisory Statistical Assistant, Dec. 1978-

Aug. 1980 

Frances Schaffstei n, Su pervisory Statistical Assistant, from 

Dec. 1979; Supervisory Operation~ Assistant, Dec. 1978-

Dec. 1979 

Mary AI ice Skeens, Supervisory Statistical Assistant, Dec. 1978-

Jan. 1980 

Mary Ann Staples, Supervisory Operations Assistant, Dec. 1978-

Sept. 1979 

Vera Stoner, Supervisory Statistical Assistant, Dec. 1978-Sept. 

1980 

John Thomas, Supervisory Operations Assistant, Dec. 1978-

Sept. 1979 

Mi Idred Tunget, Supervisory Statistical Assistant, Dec. 1978-

Nov. 1980 

Data User Services Division 

This division planned, coordinated, and administered a comprehensive data dissemination and user services program to help 

users identify, acquire, understand, and use Census Bureau 

products and services. It conducted seminars, workshops, and 

conferences; prepared user aids and reference materials, and 

promoted Bureau products and services; prepared statistical 

compendia; designed and developed special tabulations and 

distributable computer programs; served as the focal point for 

the coordination of requests for data tapes containing published 

and unpublished data, and maps; coordinated the Bureau's 

regional user services programs with State and local governments 

and other organizations; and prepared histories of the Census 

Bureau's activities. 

Michael G. Garland, Chief 

William Lerner, Assistant Chief, to Aug. 1979 

Donald S. Luria, Assistant Chief, to June 1980 

Marshall Turner, Assistant Chief, from Jan. 1-980 

Paul T. Zeisset, Assistant Chief, from Jan. 1981 

Census History Staff 

Frederick G. Bohme, Chief 

Michael A. Hovland, Agriculture Census Historian 

Customer Services Branch 

Forrest B. Williams, Acting Chief, from Apr. 1980 

Larry W. Carbaugh, Chief, to Apr. 1980 

Systems and Programming Staff 

Larry Finnegan, Chief 

State and Regional Programs Staff 

(Establ ished, Mar. 1979; State Data 

Center Staff, to Aug, 1980.) 

Larry W. Carbaugh, Chief, from Apr. 1980 

Vacant, to Apr. 1980 

Data Access and Use Staff 

James P. Curry, Chief 

User Training Branch 

Deborah O. Barrett, Chief 

Decennial Census Division 

(Demographic Census Staff, to Mar. 1978) 

This division provided overall direction for program planning 

for the 1980 Census of Population and Housing. In cooperation 

with the Agriculture Division, the Outlying Areas Branch of the 

Decennial Census Division prepared plans and materials for 

carrying out a census of agriculture for American Samoa and 

the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. 

Peter A. Bounpane, Acting Chief from Dec. 1980 

Gerald J. Post, Acting Chief, Apr.-Dec. 1980 

Messrs. Morris L. Gorinson, Gerald J. Post, and Clifton S. 

Jordan each served as Acting Chief of the division for one 
KEY PERSONNEL 107 

month in rotation dcning the period Feb.-Apr. 1980 

Gerald J. Post, Assistant Chief, Data Collection and Geography 

Rachel F. Brown, Assistant Chief, Program Management, 

from Aug. 1980 

Morris L. Gorinson, Assistant Chief, Program Management, 

July 1977-July 1980 

Outlying Areas Branch 

Irma F. Harahush, Acting Chief from July 1981 

Carmina F. Young, Chief, July 1978-July 1980 

Field Division 

This division directed those segments of the censuses and 

supplemental surveys that were conducted by personal enumeration through the Bureau's regional and other field offices, and 

collected and edited questionnaires used in the Puerto Rico 

census. 

Lawrence T. Love, Jr., Acting Chief, from Jan. 1981; Assistant 

Chief, Research and Methodology, to Jan. 1981 

Messrs. Porter S. Rickley, Arthur G. Dukakis, and Stanley D. 

Moore each served as acting chief of the division for one 

month, on a rotational basis, during the period Oct.-Dec. 

1980. 

Richard C. Burt, Chief, Aug. 1979-Aug. 1980; Acting Chief, 

June-Aug. 1979 

Curtis T. Hill, Acting Chief, Apr.-June 1979 

Forrest P. Cawley, Chief, July 1978-Apr. 1979 

Curtis T. Hill, Chief, to July 1978 

George T. Reiner, Assistant Chief, Economic Programs, 

from June 1979 

Charles H. Hancock, Assistant Chief, Management, from 

July 1981 

Cecil B. Matthews, AssistanJ Chief, Management, to June 

1981 

Field Methods Research Staff 

Richard F. Blass, Chief, from Apr. 1977 

Training Branch 

Vacant, June-Sept. 1981 

Marilyn McKenna, Chief, to May 1981 

Economic Surveys Branch 

Jonathan Spendlove, Ch ief, from Oct. 1979 

Darren F. Althouse, Chief, to Sept. 1979 

Michael Weiler, Survey Statistician 

Regional Offices 

Atlanta, Ga. 

Forrest P. Cawley, Director, from Apr. 1979 

Thomas W. McWhirter, Director, to Feb. 1979 

John A. Kazmaier, Jr., Assistant Director, from Jan. 1981 

James Avore, Assistant Director, June 1979-Jan. 1981 

Wayne Wwll, Data User Services Officer 

Boston, Mass. 

Arthur G. Dukakis, Director 

Leo J. Kearns, Assistant Director, from Jan. 1981 

George H. Catts, Assistant Director, June 1979-Jan. 1981 

George T. Reiner, Assistant Director, to May 1979 

Judith Cohen, Data User Services Officer 

Charlotte, N.C. 

Joseph Harris, Director, from June 1981; Acting Director, 

Jan.-June 1981; Assistant Director, from Nov. 1980 

Joseph R. Norwood, Director, to Jan. 1981 

John E. Bell, Assistant Director, to Nov. 1980; Supervisory Survey Statistician, from Nov. 1980 

Lawrence McNutt, Data User Services Officer 

George M. Reynolds, Jr., Technician 

Chicago, III. 

Stanley D. Moore, Director 

James L. Johnson, A%istant Director, from Jan. 1981 

Dwight Dean, Assistant Director, to Jan. 1981 

Stephen Laue, Data User Services Officer 

Dallas, Tex. 

John E. Reeder, Jr., Director, from Oct. 1980; Acting 

Director, Aug.-Oct. 1980 

Percy R. Millard, Director, to Aug. 1980 

Bennie Daniels, Assistant Director, from Sept. 1980 

Eugene T. Flynn, Assistant Director, to Sept. 1980 

Valerie M. McFarland, Data User Services Officer 

Denver, Colo. 

William F. Adams, Director, from June 1981; Acting Director, Feb.-June 1981; Assistant Director, to Feb. 1981 

Leo C. Schilling, Director, Dec. 1979-Feb. 1981; Acting 

Director, Aug .-Dec. 1979 

Richard C. Burt, Director, to Aug. 1979 

Gerald O'Donnell, Data User Services Officer 

Detroit, Mich. 

Robert G. McWilliam, Director 

Robert J. Peterson, Assistant Director 

Timothy Jones, Data User Services Officer 

Kansas City, Kans. 

Marvin L. Postma, Director, from June 1980; Acting Director, Jan.-June 1980 

Vacant, Nov~Dec. 1979 

Rex. L. Pullin, Director, to Nov. 1979 

Gene Bremer, Assistant Director, to Aug. 1981 

Stephen T. Mann, Assistant Director, from Oct. 1980 

Kenneth Wright, Data User Services Officer' 
108 KEY PERSONN EL 

Los Angeles, Calif. 

C. Michael Long, Director 

Dean Schroeder, Assistant Director 

Elden J. Steinfeld, Data User Services Officer 

New York, N.Y. 

William F. Hill, Director, from Mar. 1980; Acting Director, 

Jan.-Mar. 1980; Assistant Director, to Jan. 1980 

John C. Cullinane, Director, to Jan. 1980 

Richard L. Bitzer, Assistant Director, from July 1980 

Jeffery Hall, Data User Services Officer 

Philadelphia, Pa. 

John Kuntz, Acting Director, from June 1981 

Porter S. Rickley, Director, to June 1981 

Assistant Director, Vacant, from June 1981 

David Lewis, Data User Services Officer 

Seattle, Wash. 

Leo C. Schilling, Director, from Feb. 1981 

Dannie L. Martin, Acting Director, Jan.-Feb. 1981; Assistant 

Director, from Feb. 1981 

John E. Tharaldson, Director, to Jan. 1981 

Larry Hartke, Data User Services Officer 

Finance Division 

This division performed financial analysis, maintained financial accounts, coordinated payroll and leave audits, and prepared financial reports. 

William A. Prentice, Chief 

General Accounting Branch 

Russell S. Price, Chief, from Oct. 1980 

Carl H. White, Chief, to Oct. 1980 

Control Accounts Section 

Herman H. Marcelle, Chief 

Payroll Section 

Gladys Martinez, Chief, from June 1981 

Joyce H. Long, Chief, to June 1981 

Management Accounting Branch 

Donald L. Howard, Chief 

Reports and Analysis Section 

William L. Love, Chief 

Cost and Payments Section 

Connie J. Vahovic, Chief 

Systems Accounting Staff 

Linda J. Vacheresse, Chief 

Organization and Management Systems Division 

This division planned and conducted management analysis 

and support functions, including the carrying out of organizational improvement studies, maintenance and control of the 

Bureau's integrated administrative data base, systems designs 

and inspection, and other management analysis and research 

duties. 

Michael S. McKay, Acting Chief, from Sept.' 1981 ; Assistant 

Chief, to Sept. 1981 

O. Bryant Benton, Chief, to Sept. 1981 

Administrative Systems Branch 

(Administrative Data Processing 

Branch, to Oct. 1980.) 

Jane S. Munsey, Chief, from Feb. 1978 

Vacant, to Feb. 1978 

Automatic Data Processing Operations Branch 

(Esta bl ished, Oct. 1980.) 

William J. Lyons, Chief, from Dec. 1980 

Jane S. Munsey, Acting Chief, to Dec. 1980 

Directives and Reports and Management Branch 

F. Dale Ferrar, Chief, from Sept. 1978 

Vacant to Sept. 1978 

Management Services Branch 

Ives Morony, Chief 

Management Systems and Inspection Branch 

Michael S. McKay, Acting Chief, from June 1981 

Bernard H. Cranford, Chief, to June 1981 

Personnel Division 

This division provided personnel management services, which 

included position classification and pay administration, recruitment and employment, employee relations and services, labor' 

relations, selection research and validation, and related personnel operations. 

David P. Warner, Chief, from Dec. 1980 

George M. Bowden, Chief, to Dec. 1980 

Russell L. Valentine, Assistant Chief, from Dec. 1980 

Classification Branch 

(Established, Apr. 1980.) 

Robert Bush, Chief, from Apr. 1980 

Employee Relations and Services Branch 

Russel L. Valentine, Acting Chief, from Sept. 1981 

George J. Sabo, Chief, Mar. 1980-Sept. 1981; Acting Chief, 

Jan.-Mar. 1980 

Larry K. Goodwin, Chief, to Jan. 1980 
KEY PERSONNEL 109 

Employment and Classification Branch 

(Abolished, Apr. 1980.) 

David P. Warner, Chief, to Apr. 1980 

Employment Branch 

(Established, Apr. 1980.) 

Bettie Bryant, Chief, from Apr. 1980 

Employee Development Branch 

(Abolished, Apr. 1980.) 

Barbara Stanard, Acting Chief, to Apr. 1980 

Processing Branch 

(Operations Branch, to Apr. 1980.) 

Beverly M. Harley, Chief, from June 1981 

Virginia Grimley, Chief, to June 1981 

Upward Mobility Office 

(Abolished, Apr. 1980.) 

Barbara Stanard, Chief, to Apr. 1980 

Personnel Research Branch 

(Selection Research and 

Validation Branch, to Oct. 1980.) 

Barbara H. Lacey, Chief 

Training and Career Development Branch 

(Established, Apr. 1980.) 

Barbara Stanard, Chief, from Apr. 1980 

Special Programs and Evaluation Staff 

(Established, Mar. 1981.) 

Kathleen M. Hurrle, Chief, from Mar. 1981 

Program and Policy Development Office 

In consultation with the Director's office, this unit assisted 

in the overall planning and evaluation of Bureau-wide programs; 

reviewed and evaluated program accomplishments in relation to 

plans; served as the focal, point for determining and assessing 

goals and long-range policy and resource plans for the Bureau 

as a whole and provided emergency planning support to the 

Bureau; advised on all congressional matters related to the 

Bureau'~ activities, and served as the primary point of coordination on such activities with the Congress in collaboration with 

the Departmental Office of Congressional Affairs. 

Sherry L. Courtland, Chief, from July 1980; Assistant Chief, to 

Dec. 1979 

Theodore G. Clemence, Chief, to July 1980 

Mark F. Ferber, Congressional Affairs Advisor, from Feb. 

1980 

r'enelope E. Harvison, Congressional Liaison Officer 

Public Information Office 

This office directed the information, publicity, and press 

relations programs for the censuses, including preparation and 

dissemination of press releases and articles to general and specialized news media, and provided other assistance to news 

representatives. 

Daniel B. Levine, Acting Chief, from June 1981 

Henry H. Smith, Chief, to June 1981 

Eugene M. Cagle, Assistant Chief 

Richard Ritter, Public Information Specialist 

Publication Services Division 

This division provided editorial, design and composition, 

and printing services for census questionnaires and publications. 

Raymond J. Koski, Chief 

Wayne Massey, Special Assistant, from Dec. 1979 

Printing Branch 

Milton S. Andersen, Chief 

Sarajane Goodwin, Printing Specialist 

Publications Planning and Graphics Branch 

Gerald A. Mann, Chief 

Deborah L. Callison, Editor 

Publications Composition Branch 

Arlene Duckett, Chief, from Dec. 1979 

Wayne Massey, Chief, to Dec. 1979 

Sv.stems Development Division 

(Established, Oct. 1979.) 

This division planned and developed general-purpose applications of new technology to the solution of Bureau problems, 

researched new programming languages and techniques, and 

conducted research and development concerned with requirements for new technology and future systems designs for 

various programs of the Bureau. 

Judy M. Bedell, Chief, from Oct. 1979 

Jerry Bell, Assistant Chief, Applied Technology, from Dec. 

1979 

'Samuel Thompkins, Acting Assistant Chief, Computer 

Sciences, from June 1980 

William T. Alsbrooks, Assistant Chief, Computer Sciences, 

Oct. 1979-Apr. 1980 

Sharon Beitz, Administrative Liaison and Budget 

Analyst, from Oct. 1979 
110 KEY PERSONNEL 

Computer Programming Research Staff 

(Abolished, Dec. 1980.) 

Eli Hellerman, Chief, Oct. 1979-Dec. 1980 

Data Base Management Systems Branch 

Howard R. Prouse, Chief, from Feb. 1981 

Warren Besore, Chief, Apr. 1980-Feb. 1981; Computer Programmer, Oct. 1979-Apr. 1980 

Jerry Bell, Acting Chief, Dec. 1979-Apr11980 

Melroy D. Quasney, Acting Chief, Oct.-Dec. 1979 

Future Systems Design Staff 

(Futu re Systems Design Branch, 

to June 1980.) 

Samuel Thompkins, Chief, from June 1980 

Vacant, Apr.-June 1980 

Melroy Quasney , Chief, Dec. 1979-Apr. 1980 

B. Thomas Taylor , Chief, Oct.-Nov. 1979 

Generalized Software Development Branch 

Lynn A. Hollabaugh, Chief, Apr. 1980-0ct. 1981 

Jerry Bell,Acting Chief, Dec. 1979-Apr. 1980 

Melroy Quasney, Chief, Oct.-Dec. 1979 

Graphic Software Branch 

Bernard E. Baymler, Chief, from May 1980 

Lynn Hollabaugh, Acting Chief, Apr.-May 1980' 

Lawrence E. Cornish, Chief, Oct. 1979-Apr. 1980 

Geographic Data Base Development Staff 

Judy M. Bedell, Acting Chief, from Apr. 1980 

William Alsbrooks, Acting Chief, Dec. 1979-Apr. 1980 

Matthew A. Jaro, Chief, Oct.-Dec. 1979 

Systems Support Division 

(Established, Oct. 1979.) 

This division planned for and provided the activities required 

to maintain the Bureau's computers, communication facilities, 

and auxiliary hardware at required levels of operating effectiveness; and developed, modified, and maintained operational 

support software at performance levels necessary to meet 

mission objectives. 

Larry J. Patin, Chief, from Oct. 1979 

B. Thomas Taylor, Assistant Chief, Software Support, from 

Nov. 1979 

Joseph V. Marean, Assistant Chief, Hardware Support, Oct. 

1979-Feb.1981 

Cow*"uter M.mtenance Branch 

(Transferred to Computer Operations Division, Feb. 1981.) 

Joseph J. Sferrella, Chief, Oct. 1979-Feb. 1981 

Programming Assistance and Languages Branch 

(Established, Feb. 1981; formerly Languages and Special 

Processors Branch, System Support Division, and Programming Methods and Standards Branch (part), Computer Operations Division.) 

Charles C. King, Chief, from Dec. 1979 

Maintenance Training and Diagnostics Branch 

(Transferred to Computer Operations Division, Feb. 1981.) 

Robert P. Stephens, Chief, Oct. 1979-Feb. 1981 

Operating Systems Branch 

Gary H. Dickerson, Chief, from Oct. 1979 

Peripheral Equipment Branch 

(Transferred to Computer Operations Division, Feb. 1981.) 

Vacant, Apr. 1980-Feb. 1981 

Joseph E. Forkish, Chief, Oct. 1979-Apr. 1980 

Peripheral Systems Branch 

Ronald. R. Swank, Chief, from June 1980 

Vacant, Oct. 1979-June 1980 

User Training and Information Branch 

(Transferred from Computer Operations Division, Feb. 1981.) 

Vacant, from Apr. 1981 

Carol M. Vaughan, Chief, Feb.-Apr. 1981 

Technical Services Division 

This division planned and performed engineering services, 

including research, development, and maintenance, to provide 

and support electro-mechanical and electronic equipment 

required for automated document handling and data capture; 

and provided for a developmental program for devising solutions 

to data communication problems. 

Robert E. Joseph, Chief, from Sept. 1981; Acting Chief, JuneSept. 1981; Assistant Chief, from Oct. 1979 

McRae Anderson, Chief, Oct. 1979-June 1981 

Engineering Services Branch 

Robert J. \larson, Chief, from Oct. 1979 

Special Projects Branch 

Robert F. Clark, Chief, from Oct. 1979 

Data Capture Systems Branch 

Carl A. Walker, Chief, from Oct. 1979 

FOSDIC Applications Branch 

Erne E. Wilkins, Chief, from Oct. 1979 
111 

AppendixC 

Advisory Committee on 

Agriculture Statistics 

The Census Advisory Committee on Agriculture Statistics 

was established by the Secretary of Commerce in 1952, at the 

direction of the Office of Management and Budget. The Committee's mission is to advise the Director of the Bureau of the 

Census on the kinds of information to be obtained and published, based on the data needs of major agriculture-<>riented 

organizations, their members, and other users of agricultural 

statistics. 

The organizations represented on the Committee take part 

at the invitation of the Secretary of Commerce. Each participating organization appoints a member, subject to the concurrence of the Director of the Bureau of the Census. Members 

serving during the 1978 census period are listed below: 

Organization 

Agricultural Publishers Association 

American Agricultural Economics 

Association 

American Farm Bureau Federation 

American Farm Bureau Women's 

Committee 

American Feed Manufacturers 

Association 

American Meat Institute 

Conference of Consumer 

Organizations 

Farm and Industrial Equipment 

Institute 

Representative 

Richard J. Pommrehn 

Bruce l. Gardner, from 1979 

Luther Tweeten, 1978-1979 

M.L. Upchurch, to 1978 

John Hosemann, from 1978 

W.E. Hamilton, to 1978 

Vacant from 1981 

Mrs. Guy Gross, 1978-1981 

Mrs. Chester Smith, to 1978 

Norman Coats 

Dewey Bond 

William Fosse, from 1981 

Sally Hatfield, 1978·1981 

Vacant, 1977·1978 

Robert l. Caummisar, to 

1977 

LeVon S. Fife 

Organization 

Federal Statistics Users' Conference 

The Irrigation Organization 

National Agri -Marketing Association 

National Agricultural Chemicals 

Association 

National Association of State 

Universities and Land-Grant 

Colleges 

National Council of Farmer 

Cooperatives 

National Farmers Organization 

National Farmers Union 

National Food Processors 

Association 

The National Grange 

Rural Sociological Society 

*U.S. Department of Agriculture 

Economics, Statistics and Cooperatives Service {member organization 

of the Committee, 1977-HII:SU/ 

*U.S. Department of Agriculture, 

Statistical Reporting Service 

(member organization of th~ 

Committee to 1977,and from 1980) 

Representative 

John T. Wilkens, from 1980 

Carleton C. Dennis, to 1980 

Thomas J. Sch iltz 

Orville M. Thompson 

Dudley Clark 

Louis M. Thompson 

Paul Weller 

Ann Bornstein, from 1979 

Charles FraZier, to 1979 

John Stencel 

Yuli Wexler, from 1979 

Lawrence Van Meir, to 1979 

Robert Frederick 

Ronald C.Wimberly, from 

1981 

Richard D. Rodefeld, to 1981 

Kenneth R. Farrell 

William Kibler 

* Administrator is ex-officio member. The Economics, Statistics and 

Cooperatives Service (ESCS) was formed in 1977 by combing the 

Statistical Reporting Service (SRS) and the Economic Research Service 

(ERS), both of which were represented on this Committee until that 

time. When ESCS was dissolved in 1980, SRS was reinstated on the 

Committee, but ERS was not. 
112 

Date 

Oct. 22,1980 

Nov. 18,1980 

Nov. 19, 1980 

Dec. 4,1980 

Jan. 28,1981 

Jan. 30,1981 

Feb. 3, 1981 

Feb.5,1981 

Feb. 10,1981 

AppendixD 

1978 Census of Agriculture 

Data User Conferences 

Location 

Albany, N.Y. 

Indianapolis, Ind. 

St. Louis, Mo. 

Madison, Wis. 

Nashville, Tenn. 

Tallahassee, Fla. 

Kansas City, Mo. 

College Station, Tex. 

College Park, Md. 

Sponsorsl 

Departments of Rural Sociology and Agricultural- Economics, Cornell University 

New York State Data Center, New York State Department of Commerce 

Cooperative Extension Service, Purdue University 

Indiana Bankers Association 

Indiana Department of Commerce 

Indiana Farm Bureau Co-op 

Indiana Food Processors Association 

Indiana Meat Packers Association 

Indiana Retail Grocers Association 

Indiana State Chamber of Commerce 

Indiana State Library 

School of Business, University of Indiana 

Center for Urban and Environmental Research and Services, Southern Illinois 

University 

Doane Agricultural Service, Inc. 

Illinois State Data Center Cooperative 

Industry and Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce 

Missouri State Data Center 

St. Louis Regional Office, U.S. Department of Commerce 

Wisconsin State Data Center 

Economics and Statistics Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture 

Middle Tennessee Chapter, American Statistical Association 

Tennessee Department of Agriculture 

Tennessee State Data Center 

Center for Professional Development and Public Service, Florida State University 

Florida Department of Agriculture 

Florida Department of Commerce 

Agribusiness Development Council, Chamber of Commerce of Greater Kansas City 

Missouri State Data Center 

Missouri State Library 

Department of Rural Sociology, Texas A & M University 

Texas Agricultural Experiment Station 

Texas Agricultural Extension Service 

Delaware State Data Center 

Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Maryland 

Maryland State Data Center 

New Jersey State Data Center 

Pennsylvania State Crop Reporting Service 

Virginia State Data Center 

1 The Bureau of the Census was a cosponsor of all of the data user conferences. 
Date 

"Mar. 3,1981 

Mar. 5, 1981 

Apr. 1, 1981 

Apr. 8,1981 

Apr. 22,1981 

Apr. 23,1981 

1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE DATA USER CONFERENCES 113 

Location 

Corvallis, Oreg. 

Fresno, Calif. 

Bloomington, III. 

Ames, Iowa 

Baton Rouge, La. 

Little Rock, Ark. 

Sponsorl 

Extension Service, Oregon State University 

Oregon State Data Center 

Extension Service, University of California 

Fresno County & City Chamber of Commerce 

California State Data Center 

U.S. Department of Agriculture, State Coordination & Administration Committee, 

Community Research Services, College of Continuing Education and Public Service, 

Illinois State University 

Illinois Farm Bureau 

Illinois State Data Center 

College of Agriculture and Cooperative Extension Service, Iowa State University 

Iowa Department of Agriculture 

Iowa Department of Soil Conservation 

Iowa State Data Center 

Department of Experimental Statistics, Louisiana State University 

Louisiana State Data Center 

Arkansas State Data Center 

College of Agriculture and Home Economics, Department of Agricultural 

Economics, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, and 

Industrial Research and Extension Center, University of Arkansas 

1 The Bureau of the Census was a cosponsor of all of the data user conferences. 
114 

Preliminary reports were published for all counties (for 

combined districts in Alaska) with 10 or more farms during the 

census period, each State, geographic regions, and the U.S. Each 

report consisted of four pages of data and sold for 25 cents. 

Volume 1, State and County Data reports were published for 

the United States, each State, Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin 

Islands, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands. 

Each State report contained State summary data and a separate 

set of tabulations for each county (or equivalent) in the State 

AppendixE 

Publications in 

Selected Series 

with 10 or more farms during the census year. Volume 3, 

Agricultural Services, was a single report, showing 'data for the 

U.S., the District of Columbia, and for States and counties. 

Volume 4, Irrigation, was also a single report, with tabulations 

for regions, divisions, States, and drainage basins. Volume 5, 

Special Reports, was a series of eight separate reports addressing 

particular subjects, including the data from the follow-on survey 

program, the graphic summary, and this procedural history. 

Preliminary Reports 

Geographic division 

and State 

Un i ted States. . . . . . . 

Northeast Region ....... 

North Central Region ..... 

South Region .......... 

West Region ........... 

New England 

Maine ............. 

New Hampshire ....... 

Vermont ........... 

Massachusetts ........ 

Rhode Island ......... 

Connecticut ......... 

Middle Atlantic 

New York ........... 

New Jersey .......... 

Pennsylvania ......... 

East North Central 

Ohio .............. 

Indiana ............ 

Illinois ............. 

Michigan ........... 

Wisconsin ........... 

West North Central 

Minnesota ........... 

No. of 

reports 

17 

11 

15 

13 

6 

9 

59 

21 

67 

89 

93 

103 

83 

72 

87 

Date approved for 

printing 

First 

report 

5/9/80 

5/2/80 

4/29/80 

5/8/80 

4/10/80 

4/30/80 

6/26/80 

5/27/80 

6/25/80 

7/22/80 

8/8/80 

6/23/80 

7/28/80 

4/7/80 

10/21/80 

Last 

report 

11/10/80 

11/10/80 

11/10/80 

11/10/80 

5/9/80 

5/2/80 

5/7/80 

5/8/80 

4/10/80 

4/30/80 

7/9/80 

6/10/80 

7/9/90 

8/4/80 

8/25t)0 

6/27/80 

8/4/80 

4/7 /80 

10/28/80 

Date published 

First Last 

report report 

12/3/80 

12/3/80 

12/3/80 

12/3/80 

12/3/80 

5/22/80 5/22/80 

5/14/80 5/14/80 

5/13/80 5/22/80 

5/22/80 5/22/80 

4/29/80 4/29/80 

5/14/80 5/14/80 

7/16/80 7/29/80 

6/11/80 6/24/80 

7/22/80 7/29/80 

8/1/80 9/2/80 

.,'2/80 9/15/80 

7/11/80 7/22/80 

8/14/80 8/27/80 

4/17/80 4/21/80 

11/7/80 11/24/80 
PUBLICATIONS IN SELECTED SERIES 115 

Preliminary Reports-Continued 

Date approved for 

Date published 

Geographic division No. of printing 

and State reports First Last First Last 

report report report report 

Iowa .............. 100 6/17/80 6/26/80 7/7/80 7/18/80 

Missouri ............ 155 7/25/80 8/6/80 8/25/80 9/2/80 

North Dakota .... " ... 54 10/6/80 10/8/80 10/20/80 10/24/80 

South Dakota ........ 64 9/15/80 9/15/80 9/30/80 10/8/80 

Nebraska ........... 94 8/11/80 8/13/80 9/3/80 9/15/80 

Kansas ............. 106 8/24/80 10/10/80 9/15/80 10/31/80 

South Atlantic 

Delaware ........... 4 1/9/80 1/9/80 1/28/80 2/7/80 

Maryland ........... 24 10/20/79 10/30/79 10/22/79 11/26/80 

Virginia ............ 98 6/18/80 7/11/80 7/10/80 7/30/80 

West Virginia ......... 54 4/25/80 5/2/80 5/6/80 5/14/80 

North Carolina ....... 100 9/2/80 9/3/80 9/22/80 9/26/80 

South Carolina ....... 47 9/30/80 9/30/80 10/20/80 10/24/80 

Georgia ............ 160 11/10/80 11/10/80 12/4/80 12/8/80 

Florida ............. 67 11/7/80 11/13/80 11/24/80 11/24/80 

East South Central 

Kentucky ........... 121 7/11/80 7/14/80 7/28/80 8/1/80 

Tennessee ........... 96 6/27/80 7/2/80 7/23/80 7/29/80 

Alabama. .......... 68 9/3/80 9/11/80 9/25/80 10/1/80 

Mississippi ..... 83 10/8/80 10/14/80 10/31/80 11/24/80 

West South Central 

Arkansas ........... 76 8/14/80 8/25/80 9/9/80 9/15/80 

Louisiana ........... 64 9/2/80 9/11/80 9/26/80 10/23/80 

Oklahoma ........... 78 9/24/80 9/24/80 10/15/80 10/24/80 

Texas .............. 255 11/24/80 11/26/80 12/11/80 1/15/81 

Mountain 

Montana. , ......... 57 10/23/80 10/29/80 11/20/80 11/24/80 

Idaho .............. 45 7/29/80 8/4/80 8/27/80 8/28/80 

Wyoming ........... 24 5/27/80 6/6/80 6/11/80 6/24/80 

Colorado ........... 62 7/9/80 7/25/80 7/29/80 8/14/80 

New Mexico ......... 32 11/6/80 11/13/80 11/21/80 12/4/80 

Arizona .......... : . 15 9/22/80 9/22/80 10/15/80 10/23/80 

Utah .... " ...... " ... 30 8/14/80 8/21/80 9/8/80 9/15/80 

Nevada ............. 17 8/11/80 8/15/80 9/8/80 9/15/80 

Pacific 

Washington .......... 40 6/26/80 6/27/80 7/22/80 7/24/80 

Oregon. o •••••••••• 37 6/2/80 8/14/80 6/18/80 6/18/80 

California ........... 57 7/28/80 7/18/80 9/8/80 9/9/80 

Alaska ............. 6 7/18/80 7/18/80 7/29/80 8/1/80 

Hawaii. ........... 5 8/22/80 8/26/80 9/15/80 9/15/80 
116 PUBLICATIONS IN SELECTED SERIES 

Volume 1, State and County Data 

Part State and No. Date No. 

No. outlying area of books published of pages 

Price 

Alabama 7/28/81 588 $11.00 

2 Alaska 7/9/81 196 6.00 

3 Arizona 7/15/81 280 7.00 

4 Arkansas 7/9/81 624 11.00 

5 California 6/25/81 532 11.00 

6 Colorado 7/17/81 544 11.00 

7 Connecticut 4/2/81 232 6.50 

8 Delaware 1/14/81 212 6.50 

9 Florida 6/30/81 578 11.00 

10 Georgia 2 8/3/81 1,112 17.00 

11 Hawaii 7/24/81 192 6.00 

12 Idaho 6/4/81 192 9.00 

13 Illinois 5/18/81 780 11.00 

14 Indiana 5/21/81 720 12.00 

15 Iowa 5/21/81 756 11.00 

16 Kansas 7/2/81 792 13.00 

17 Kentucky 6/25/81 880 13.00 

18 Louisiana 7/30/81 560 11.00 

19 Maine 4/17/81 276 7.00 

20 Maryland 3/26/81 332 9.00 

21 M assach usetts 4/16/81 260 6.50 

22 Michigan 7/2/81 668 11.00 

23 Minnesota 7/30/81 688 12.00 

24 Mississippi 8/6/81 668 11.00 

25 Missouri 6/25/81 848 13.00 

26 Montana 7/9/81 512 10.00 

27 Nebraska 7/9/81 716 12.00 

28 Nevada 6/2/81 272 7.00 

29 New Hampshire 4/2/81 240 6.50 

30 New Jersey 5/21/81 316 8.50 

31 New Mexico 8/5/81 376 8.00 

32 New york 5/15/81 544 10.00 

33 North Carolina 7/23/81 768 12.00 

34 North Dakota 8/10/81 496 9.50 

35 Ohio 6/10/81 704 12.00 

36 Oklahoma 6/24/81 640 11.00 

37 Oregon 4/29/81 408 8.50 

38 Pennsylvan ia 5/8/81 584 10.00 

39 Rhode Island 4/2/81 212 6.50 

40 South Carolina 7/30/81 468 9.50 

41 South Dakota 7/24/81 576 11.00 

42 Tennessee 6/1/81 744 12.00 

43 Texas 2 8/3/81 1,656 21.00 

44 Utah 6/1/81 362 8.00 

45 Vermont 4/17/81 264 7.00 

46 Virginia 6/4/81 752 12.00 

47 Washington 5/15/81 424 8.50 

48 West Virginia 4/2/81 500 10.00 

49 Wisconsin 3/20/81 608 11.00 

50 Wyoming 4/20/81 328 8.00 
117 

PUBLICATIONS IN SELECTED SERIES 

Volume 1, State and County Data-Continued 

Part State and No. Date No. Price 

No. outlying area of books published of pages 

51 United States 8/25/81 568 $10.00 

52 Puerto Rico 10/27/80 228 10.00 

53 Guam 6/23/80 56 3.50 

54 Virgin Islands 6/23/80 40 2.25 

55 American Samoa 8/26/81 40 2.75 

56 Northern Mariana 8/26/81 40 2.75 

Volumes 2 through 5 

Volume Title Date No. Price published of pages 

2 Statistics by Subject - Cancelled -

3 Agricultural Services 12/10/80 185 $5.50 

4 Irrigation 16/4/82 360 10.00 

5 Special Reports 

Part 1 Graphic Summary 3/28/42 204 8.00 

Part 2 Ranking Counties and States - Cancelled -

Part 3 Coverage Evaluation 6/24/82 30 2.25 

Part 4 Procedural History 9/83* NA NA 

Part 5 Drainage of Agricultural 

Lands 11/10/81 100 5.00 

Part 6 Farm Finance Survey 8/27/82 264 7.50 

Part 7 Census of Horticultural 

Specialties 5/7/82 196 7.00 

Part 8 Farm and Ranch Irrigation 

Survey 12/28/82 188 8.00 

Part 9 Farm Energy Survey 10/26/82 188 7.00 

*Estimated date of publication. 

NA Not available. 
118 

Starting CompleActivity tion Date 

Date 

Content Pretest, July 1977 

Mailing date July 1977 July 1977 

Followup mailing Aug. 1977 Aug. 1977 

Field interviews of selected 

respondents and non respondents Aug. 1977 Aug. 1977 

Content Pretest, January 1978 

Mailing date Jan. 1978 Jan. 1978 

Receipt and check-in Feb. 1978 Apr. 1978 

Processing and analysis Feb. 1978 Aug. 1978 

Mail List Development 

Address list compilation 

Source - 1974 census list Nov. 1977 Dec. 1977 

Source - economic census lists, 

standard statistical establishment 

lists, USDA special lists, etc. Jan. 1978 Feb. 1978 

Farm and Ranch Identification Survey 

Content test mail out Oct. 1977 Oct. 1977 

Evaluation of test response Nov. 1977 Dec. 1977 

Finalization of form content Dec. 1977 Dec. 1977 

Printing of A4 form Jan. 1978 Feb. 1978 

Compilation of survey mailing list Feb. 1978 Mar. 1978 

Mailout May 1978 May 1978 

1st followup June 1978 June 1978 

2nd followup June 1978 July 1978 

3rd followup July 1978 Aug. 1978 

4th followup Aug. 1978 Aug. 1978 

Census mailing list development 

Mailing list matching Sept. 1978 Oct. 1978 

Final unduplication of mailing list Oct. 1978 Dec. 1978 

1978 Census of Agriculture Area 

Sample Survey 

Preparation 

Field procedures test 

Sample segment selection Feb. 1978 Feb. 1978 

Field staff training Mar. 1978 Apr. 1978 

Field enumeration Apr. 1978 Apr. 1978 

Sample segment selection May 1978 May 1978 

AppendixF 

Outline of 

Principal Activities 

Starting CompleActivity tion 

Date Date 

Printing of area sample report 

forms and other"tnaterials June 1978 Aug. 1978 

Staff training Oct. 1978 Oct. 1978 

Field enumeration Oct. 1978 Dec. 1978 

Match of area sample addresses to 

census address list Jan. 1979 Feb. 1979 

1978 Census of Agriculture for the United States 

Printing of report forms Aug. 1978 Nov. 1978 

Mailing of report forms 

Initial mailing Dec. 1978 Dec. 1978 

Supplemental mailing Feb. 1979 Feb. 1979 

Reminder letter mailing Jan. 1979 Mar. 1979 

1 st followup Feb. 1979 Apr. 1979 

2nd followup Mar. 1979 May 1979 

Special April followup Apr. 1979 Apr. 1979 

3rd followup Apr. 1979 May 1979 

4th followup Apr. 1979 June 1979 

5th followup May 1979 July 1979 

6th followup June 1979 Aug. 1979 

Tenant/successor mailout Feb. 1979 Mar. 1979 

Followup mailing June 1979 June 1979 

Supplemental Hawaii followup July 1979 July 1979 

Telephone followup Jan. 1979 Nov. 1979 

Data processing 

Pre-computer processing 

Screening Jan. 1979 Aug. 1979 

Technical review Feb. 1979 Nov, 1979 

Data keying Jan. 1979 Nov. 1979 

Computer processing 

Formatting Mar. 1979 Feb. 1980 

Batch edit Mar. 1979 Feb. 1980 

Failed-edit correction Mar. 1979 Feb. 1980 

Final data merge Mar. 1979 Mar. 1980 

Imputation for nonresponse Mar. 1979 Mar. 1980 

Tabulation of data 

Analytical tabulations Oct. 1979 Mar. 1980 

Preliminary tabulations Oct. 1979 Mar. 1980 

Tabulations for counties, States, 

divisions, regions, and the 

United States Aug. 1980 Apr. 1981 
OUTLINE OF PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES 119 

Comple- Starting CompleActivity Starting tion Activity tion 

Date Date 

Date Date 

1978 Census publication program Enumeration Apr. 1980 May 1980 

County preliminary reports Oct. 1979 Jan. 1981 Processing May 1980 Dec. 1980 

Volume 1, State and Country Data Mar. 1981 Aug. 1981 Publication May 1981 Aug. 1981 

Volume 3, Agricultural Services Nov. 1980 Dec. 1980 

Volume 4, Irrigation Dec. 1981 Apr. 1981 1978 Census of Agricultural Services 

Volume 5, Special Reports Planning Feb. 1977 Dec. 1978 

Part 1, Graphic Summary Oct. 1981 Apr. 1982 Compilation of the mailing list Feb. 1977 Dec. 1978 

Part 3, Coverage evaluation Oct. 1981 June 1982 Report forms design Feb. 1977 May 1978 

Part 4, Procedural history Dec. 1979 Sept. 1983 Initial mail out Jan. 1979 Jan. 1979 

Part 5, Drainage of Agricultural 1 st followup Feb. 1979 Feb. 1979 

Lands Nov. 1979 Nov. 1981 2nd followup Mar. 1979 Mar. 1979 

Part 6, Farm Finance Survey Sept. 1980 Aug. 1982 3rd followup Apr. 1979 Apr. 1979 

Part 7, Census of Horticultural 4th followup May 1979 May 1979 Specialties May 1980 May 1982 5th followup May 1979 May 1979 Part 8, Farm and Ranch 6th followup June 1979 June 1979 Irrigation Survey Dec. 1980 Dec. 1982 Supplemental mailing Mar. '1979 Mar. 1979 Part 9, Farm Energy Survey Oct. 1980 Oct. 1982 1 st followup Apr. 1979 Apr. 1979 Computer tapes Feb. 1980 Aug. 1981 2nd followup May 1979 May 1979 

3rd followup May 1979 May 1979 1978 Census of Agriculture for Puerto Rico 4th followup June 1979 June 1979 

Planning May 1977 Dec. 1977 5th followup July 1979 July 1979 

Pretest Jan. 1978 Feb. 1978 6th followup Aug. 1979 Aug. 1979 

Special farms identification survey Apr. 1978 June 1978 Telephone followup June 1979 Oct. 1979 

Printing of report forms Mar. 1978 Apr. 1978 Data processing Jan. 1979 Feb. 1980 

Enumeration Tabulation Apr. 1980 Oct. 1980 

General field enumeration June 1978 Sept 1978 Publication 

Post-en umeration survey Oct. 1978 Oct. 1978 Preliminary reports Apr. 1980 May 1980 

Processing the data July 1978 Sept 1980 Final report Nov. 1980 Nov. 1980 

Publication Oct. 1978 Oct. 1978, 

1979 Census of Horticultural Specialties 

1978 Census of Agriculture for the Virgin Islands Planning Jan. 1978 Aug. 1979 

Planning Feb. 1978 Mar. 1978 Content pretest Aug. 1979 Sept. 1979 

Printing the report forms Apr. 1978 Apr. 1978 Compilation of the mailing list Jan. 1979 Nov. 1979 

Organization of the census office June 1978 June 1978 Finalization of report form content Oct. 1979 Oct. 1979 

Enumeration Aug. 1978 Aug. 1978 Initial mailout 

Processi ng the data Mar. 1979 Apr. 1979 1 st phase Jan. 1980 Jan. 1980 

Publication Apr. 1980 Apr. 1980 2nd phase Feb. 1980 Feb. 1980 

1 st followup Feb. 1980 Mar. 1980 

1978 Census of Agriculture for Guam 2nd followup Mar. 1980 Apr. 1980 

3rd followup Apr. 1980 May 1980 Planning Mar. 1978 Mar. 1978 4th followup May 1980 May 1980 Printing the report forms Mar. 1978 Mar. 1978 Telephone followup June 1980 Sept. 1980 Organization of the census uffice Apr. 1978 Apr. 1978 SRS data collection Feb. 1980 Apr. 1980 Enumeration Apr. 1978 Apr. 1978 Processing Feb. 1980 Apr. 1980 Processing Mar. 1979 Mar. 1979 Pu bl ication 

Pu bl ication Apr. 1980 Apr. 1980 Preliminary reports Oct. 1981 Oct. 1981 

1979 Census of Agriculture for American 

Final report Dec. 1981 Dec. 1981 

Samoa and the Northern Mariana Islands 

Planning Jul. 1978 Mar. 1980 1978 Census of Irrigation 

Printing of report forms Sept 1978 Feb. 1980 1978 Census of I rrigation Organizations Organization of the census offices Jan. 1980 Jan. 1980 Planning Dec. 1976 Mar. 1978 
120 OUTLINE OF PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES 

Starting Comple- Starting Comple- -. 

Activity tion Activity tion Date Date Date Date 

Pretest mailout Mar. 1978 Mar. 1978 Publication Dec. 1981 Dec. 1981 

Followup Apr. 1978 Apr. 1978 

Finalization of report form 1978 Census of Drainage 

content May 1978 June 1978 Planning Apr. 1976 Dec. 1977 

Compilation of the mailing list June 1977 Aug. 1978 Collection of selected data from 

Printing of report forms Sept 1978 Nov. 1978 the 1977 Census of GovernMailout Dec. 1978 Dec. 1978 ments and USDA statistical 

Reminder mailing Jan. 1979 Jan. 1979 operations Dec. 1977 June 1979 

1 st followup Feb. 1979 Feb. 1979 Followup of nonrespondents to 

2nd followup Mar. 1979 Mar. 1979 applicable 1977 Census of 

3rd followup Apr. 1979 Apr. 1979 Government report forms Jan. 1978 Feb. 1978 

Telephone followup May 1979 Aug. 1979 Processing Jan. 1978 Nov. 1981 

Processing the data Jan. 1979 Oct. 1981 Publication Dec. 1981 Dec. 1981 
CHANGES IN THE STANDARD REPORT FORMS 

Background Information 

Title 13, United States Code, gives final responsibil ity for 

determining the content and design of all census data-collection 

forms to the Secretary of Commerce, who may delegate this 

function to the Director of the Bureau of the Census. As in 

previous censuses, interested organizations, including the U.S. 

Department of Agriculture and the Bureau of Economic Analysis, offered recommendations and suggestions regarding the 

content and general design of the report forms, and an ad hoc 

committee composed of representatives of agriculture-oriented 

public and private organizations discussed data needs and 

advised the Bureau on report form format. The Bureau's 

Census Advisory Committee on Agriculture Statistics reviewed 

all the proposals submitted, and made recommendations on the 

priorities assigned to various items on the final version of the 

forms. 

The Bu reau used two report forms to collect data from farms 

for the 1974 census, the 74-A 1 ("long") form for farms with 

sales of $2,500 or more, and the 74-A2 ("short") form for farms 

with sales of less than $2,500 (Hawaii had a separate single form 

for all farms-a tailored version of the A 1), while agricultural 

services operations were sent the 74-A40 report form. A major 

goal of the planning effort for the 1978 census was to reduce 

overall respondent burden imposed by use of the standard 

report forms. Part of this could be done by redesigning the 

forms themselves, but part could also be done by finding a way 

to collect data on items that did not apply to all farms, or which 

were peculiarly burdensome, only from the minimum number 

of farms necessary to provide reliable county-level statistics. 

Accordingly, the Bureau decided for 1978 to use sampling for 

certain items asked of farm operators and, in the agricultural 

services census, to make more use of specialized versions of the 

A40 report form. Hawaii, once again, was the only State to have 

a separate report form for the agricultu ral census. 

The 1978 A 1 "sample" and "nonsample" report forms are 

discussed below, while the report forms for the census of 

agricultural services are discussed on page 122, and those for 

Puerto Rico and the outlying areas, on page 122-123. Facsimiles 

of selected report forms, followup letters, etc., are reproduced 

following page 124. 

U.S. Report Forms 

Standard Form A 1 

Introduction-The form 74-A 1 used in the 1974 census was a 

20-pag& booklet and its use to collect data from the majority of 

121 

AppendixG 

Report Forms 

farms resulted in considerable adverse reaction from operators. 

This unusually intense response stimulated a detailed review of 

both the general format and design of the standard report form, 

and of the specific data items requested of farm operators. The 

conclusion of this study was that the report forms could be 

designed to collect the necessary data while substantially 

reducing respondent burden through the use of sampling techniques for gathering particularly sensitive information. 

General design-For 1978 the "booklet" design for the standard 

report form was discarded in favor of a larger sheet (21" x 14" 

for the nonsample form, folded to 101'," x 14") folder-style 

format. The use of a "short" form for small farms was also 

abandoned, and all the "1 OO-percent" data items (i.e., requested 

of all farms) were placed on the A 1 (N) nonsample form. The 

A 1 (S) sample report form incl uded six additional sections of 

questions (and an extra half-page, so that the form measured 

14" x 27", but folded to 14" x 10'1:(' with 6 pages) covering 

use of fertilizers, use of chemicals, machinery and equipment, 

energy expenditures, selected production expenses, and estimated value of land and buildings. 

As an aid in clerical handling, the A1(N) and A1(S) were 

given blue and yellow shading respectively, while the A 1 (S), 

used for "Must" cases, received a green shading. 

Changes in the Data Requested-While the larger page-size of the 

1978 report form meant the total loss of page area compared to 

the 1974 report form was considerably less than the total 

reduction in number of pages might suggest (4 pages for the 

A 1 (N) and 6 pages for the A 1 (S) compared to 20 pages for the 

1974 A1 report form), there was still a substantial loss of 

space available. Part of this reduction could be compensated 

for through such obvious expedients as slightly smaller type 

size and less page area for each section of the form. A 

two-column page format was adopted, which was more efficient 

in terms of usage of available space and clarity for respondents. 

However, more substantial means of reducing the space required 

(as well as respondent burden) could be realized only byeliminating data items that were not needed at the county level, and 

by combining and rearranging sections, wherever possible. 

The following 1974 data items or sections were deleted from 

the design for the 1978 nonsample form (A1(N): 

Type of rental arrangement 

Sales of forest products 

Commercial fertilizer used for specific crops 

Salaries for corporation officers 

Irrigation methods and quantity of water used 
122 REPORT FORMS 

Drainage 

G rain storage facilities 

Futures markets 

Contracts 

Injuries and illnesses 

Other production expenses 

Income and expenses from farm-related sources 

Farm credit 

Family income from off-farm sources 

Further, 1974 sections 5-9 requesting data on various crops 

(corn, small grains, sorghum or milo, peanuts, soybeans, dry 

beans, dry peas, tobacco, cotton, irish potatoes, sweet potatoes, 

or sugar) were consolidated into a single simplified section (2, 

"Were any of the following crops harvested from this place in 

1978?") that asked for acres and quantity of each crop harvested, and acres of each irrigated. Much of the detailed data 

collected in 1974 for costs of materials for individual types of 

chemicals used, and for quantities and costs of several categories 

of feed (including roughages) purchased, were delected from the 

report form. Many of the redundant totals requested on the 

1974 form for cross checking the data in the production 

expenses and value of agricultural products sold sections were 

also eliminated. 

While every effort was made to reduce the total number of 

inquiries, certain high priority items were added to the "100-

percent" portion of the report forms; items on acres set aside 

in Federal farm programs were inserted in section 1 (acreage 

in 1974) and requests for the total value of Government 

Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) loans for cotton and 

grain were included in section 9 (Gross Value of Crops Sold)_ 

Two secti ons were added: section 18 requested the value of 

direct sales of agricultural products to individuals for human 

consumption, and section 21 asked whether any of the land "in 

this place" was held under foreign ownership. In addition, the 

separate sections on hired and contract labor, and production 

expenses, were combined into a single section (26). The item on 

the number or contract laborers supplied was delected while the 

respondent was asked whether the hired workers had worked 

less than 150 days, or more than 150 days. 

Among the sample items, all of which were based on items 

from the 1974 report form A 1, separate sections on expenditures 

for energy (section 25) and other selected production expenses 

(26) were used in place of the single section employed for 1974_ 

The 1978 form requested more detailed data on energy 

expenditures than for 1974, including gallons purchased and 

of)-farm storage capacity for selected fuels. 

Form A 1 (H), Hawaii 

As in previous mailout/mailback censuses, a separate report 

form, the A 1 (H), was used for Hawaii. I n general, the report 

forms used for Hawaii in the censuses have been very similar to 

the standard ones, except for the crops sections, which request 

information on crops particularly important to agriculture in 

the islands. The form 78-A 1 (H) was similar to the A 1 (S) in 

general design, layout, format, and appearance (except a 

blue-green wash was used for the A 1 (H)), and many of the same 

changes were made in terms of delections of items requested for 

1974 and items added for 1978. 

Changes specifically related to the A1 (H) included moving 

the item on payroll and employment into the section on expenditures. Sections of the 1974 form requesting data on field corn, 

sorghums or milo (section 6), peanuts, ginger or lotus roots, 

toro, irish potatoes or sweet potatoes (section 7), and hay or 

green crop (section 10), were combined into a single "other 

crops" section (6) on the 1978 report form. 

Form A40, Agricultural Services 

While the content of the agricultural services report form for 

1978 was very similar to that used for 1974, a major change in 

format was made. Instead of a single report form for all agricultural services, four tailored forms, the A40A, A40B, A40C, 

and A400, were used. Th~ format and content of all four were 

identical except for section 8, requesting gross receipts for 

services performed. The "A" requested acreage and gross 

receipts for soil preparation and crop services, "B" asked for 

gross receipts for veterinary and nonveterinary animal services, 

"c" covered lanscape and horticultural services, and the "0" 

form contained a combined vers;on of section 8 that included 

requests on all of the services covered by the other forms. 

Sections 13, 14, and 15 (capital expenditu re; changes in gross 

value of depreciable assets; and expenditu res for electricity, 

gasoline, petroleum, and other fuels) of the 1978 forms 

requested data only of establishments with sales of $50,000 or 

more. 

A single section (16) was added to the 1978 report forms, 

providing space for the respondent to cross-check answers for 

consistency and accuracy. As an aid to quick identification and 

manual handling, each of the A40 forms was shaded in a different color ink-the A40A in blue, the A40B in pink, the 

A40C in salmon, and the A400 in purple. 

Puerto Rico and the Outlying Areas 

Form Al (PR), Puerto Rico 

The form 78-A 1 (PR) was used for all farms in Puerto Rico. 

The standard form 78-A 1 (P R) was an 8-page booklet, printed 

in blue ink on white stock with blue shading. While the basic 

format, overall design, and reference period were similar to the 

1974 version, there were significant changes in the specific data 

requested. The following items were deleted from the report 

form for 1978: 

Rent paid 

Farms operated (by 

respondent) as salaried 

manager 

Pastureland cultivated 

for cutting only 

Cuerdas of vegetables 

planted 

Value of sales of ornamental 

and flowering plants 

Working oxen yesterday 

Cows "milked" and quarts 

of milk "produced 

yesterday" 

Number of sprinklers 

Number of farm ponds 

Sharecroppers 

Unspecified production 

expenses 
REPORT FORMS 123 

The following items were added to the report form, either as 

new sections, or to sections already part of the form: 

Cuerdas under cultivation 

of sugarcane, coffee, 

pineapple, rice, and all 

fruit (new section 

No. 12) 

Method of irrigation (i.e., 

gravity, sprinklers, drip) 

Highest grade or years of 

school completed 

Major source of irrigation 

water 

Machinery and equipment 

Num ber of fighting cocks 

Boars of all ages 

Agriculture production 

for home consumption 

(new section No. 19) 

Sweet cooking peppers 

Expenditures for medicine 

and drugs 

Mangoes 

A significant change in the arrangement of the remaining 

data-collection sections of the report form was the division 

of the 1974 section 3, "Main Crops," into two sections, No.3, 

"Sugarcane," and No.4, "Tobacco, Pineapple, and Coffee." 

Form A1(G), Guam 

The form 78-A 1 (G), used for the enumeration of farms on 

Guam, was similar in design and layout to the 1974 version, but, 

as with the A 1 (PR), certain data items were changed. Two items 

asking whether the respondents farm had running water and 

electricity were moved from section 1 (land in agriculture) to 

a new section on equipment and facilities, and the 1974 section 

7, requesting data on the source and ownership of workpower 

used on the place (i.e., power equipment and work animals) was 

also dropped. Two sections were added to the 1978 formsection 7, "Selected Expenditures in 1977," and section 8, 

"Equipment and Facilities Used on the Place in 1977." 

Form A1(VI), Virgin Islands 

The Al(VI) for 1978 was nearly identical to the 1974 form 

in overall design, except a somewhat larger folding sheet was 

used. Content was also similar, except that the 1974 section 

(8) on market value of sales of form products was deleted, and 

the market value of sales of each product was asked in the 

appropriate crop or livestock section. Somewhat more detailed 

data were requested on crops, notably the pounds of field crops 

sold in the last 12 months, and the number of fruit trees, nut 

trees, or plants sold in the last 12 months. 

Items on source and ownership of workpower used on the 

place were deleted from the 1978 section (7) on equipment 

and facilities, as was on item on whether there was a telephone 

on the place. 

SELECTED FORMS AND FOLLOWUP LETTERS 

Page 

1978 Farm and Ranch Identification Survey 

78-A4 Report Form __ .................... . 125 

1978 Census of Agriculture Area Sample Survey. 

78-A1A Report Form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 

Respondent identification sticker ........ " 133 

Page 

1978 Census of Agriculture 

78-A 1 (N) 

78-A l(S) 

78-Al(l) 

78-A 1 (H) 

78-A 1 (L 1) 

78-Al-L1(S) 

78-A 1 (L2) 

78-A 1 (L2A) 

78-Al-L3 

78-A 1 (L4) 

78-Al L4(S) 

78-Al-L5 

78-A l-L6 

78-Al-L6(S) 

78-A l-L7 

78-A l-L7(S) 

78-A l-L8 

78-Al-L9 

78-A l-L 10 

Nonsample report form ..... . 

Sample report form (sec 22-27) . 

I nformation sheet ......... . 

Report Form for Hawaii ....... . 

Followup letter ............. . 

Followup letter ................ . 

Followup letter .............. . 

Followup letter .............. . 

Followup letter .............. . 

Followup letter .............. . 

Followup letter ............. . 

Followup letter .............. . 

Followup letter .............. . 

Followup letter .......... . 

Followup letter .. . 

Followup letter .......... . 

Followup letter ................ . 

Followup letter ........ . 

Followup letter ....... . 

134 

138 

139 

141 

146 

147 

148 

149 

151 

152 

153 

154 

156 

158 

160 

162 

164 

165 

166 

1978 Census of Agriculture-Puerto Rico 

78-A 1 (PR)SP 

78-A 1 (PR) 

78-A30(PR)SP 

Report form (Spanish language) .. 

Report form (English language) .... 

Special farms identification survey 

report form (Spanish language) .. 

167 

175 

183 

78-A30(PR)SP-L 1 Special farms identification 

su rvey followup letter 

(Spanish language) ..... . 185 

1978 Census of Agriculture-The Outlying Areas 

78-A 1 (G) 

78-A 1 (VI) 

80-Al(NM) 

Report form for Guam .......... . 186 

Report 190 form for the Virgin Islands .. . 

Report form for the Commonwealth of 

the Northern Mariana Islands ....... . 

80-A 1 (AS) Report form for American Samoa .. . 

194 

198 

1978 Census of Agricultural Services 

78-A40A 

78-A40B 

78-A40C 

78-A40D 

78-A40A-L 1 

78-A40(B)-L2 

78-A40C-L3 

78-A40D-L4 

78A40A-L5 

78-A40B-L6 

78-A40C-L7 

1978 Census of Soil Preparation 

Services, Crop Services, and Cotton 

Ginning report form. . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 

1978 Census of Veterinary and Animal 

Services report form. . . . . . . . . . . 206 

1978 Census of Landscape and 

Horticultural Services report form. . . .. 209 

1978 Census of Soil Preparation and 

Crop Services, Veterinary and Animal 

Services, Farm Labor and Management 

Services, Landscape and Horticultural 

Services ...................... 212 

Followup letter .................. 216 

Followup letter .................. 217 

Followup letter .................. 218 

Followup letter .................. 219 

Followup letter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 220 

Followupletter................ 221 

Foliowup letter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 222 
124 REPORT FORMS 

1978 Census of Irrigation Page 

78-A60 Single-basin organizations report form ___ 224 

78-A61 Multi-basin organizations report form ___ 228 

78-A70-L 1 Thank you-Reminder Card __________ 230 

78-A61-L 1A Followupletter_ ................. 231 

78-A63-L 1 Followup letter .................. 232 

78-A63-L2 Followup letter. ................. 233 

78-A63-L3 Followup letter .................. 234 

78-A63-L4 Followup letter .................. 235 

78-A63-L5 Followup letter .................. 237 

1978 Census of Drainage 

G-29 1977 Census of Governments Local Directory 

Card {Special Districts) ..... _ . . . . . . . . . .. 238 

G-30 1977 Census of Governments Local Directory 

Card (Special Districts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 239 

1979 Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey 

79-A62 Report form .. . . . . . · . . . . . .... · . 240 

79-A62-L 1 Followup letter .... . . . · ... · .. .... 244 

79-A62-L2A F ollowup letter. . . . . . . . · ...... 245 

79-A62-L3A Followup letter ..... · ....... ... · . 246 

79-A62-L4A Followup letter .. . . . . · ... · . . . · . 247 

79-A62-L5A Followup letter .. . . · ..... . . . · . 248 

79-A62-L6A Followup letter. . . . · . · . . . · .. . . · . 249 

1979 Farm Energy Survey 

79-A35 

79-A35-L 1A 

Report form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 250 

Followup letter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 254 

Page 

79-A35-L2A Followup letter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 255 

79-A35-L3A Followup letter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 256 

79-A35-L3A.1 Followup letter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 257 

79-A35-L4A Followup letter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 258 

79-A35-L4A.1 Followup letter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 259 

1979 Farm Finance Survey 

79-A9A Operator's report form ............. 260 

79-A9B Landlord's report form ............. 265 

79-A9A-L 1A Followup letter .................. 268 

79-A9A-L2A Followup letter .................. 269 

79-A9A-L3A Followup letter .................. 270 

79-A9A-L3A.1 Followup letter .................. 271 

79-A9A-L4A Followup letter. ................. 272 

79-A9A-L4.1 Followup letter .................. 273 

79-A9A-L5 Followup letter .................. 274 

79-A9A-L6A Followup letter .................. 275 

79-A9B-L 1 Followup letter .................. 276 

79-A9B-L2 Followup letter .................. 277 

79-A9B-L3 Followup letter .................. 278 

79-A9B-L4 Foil owup letter .................. 279 

1979 Census of Horticultural Specialties 

79-A 19.1 

79-A19.1-L1 

Report form (Bureau of the Census) . . .. 280 

Followup letter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 287 

79-A19.1-L1A Followupletter .................. 288 

79-A19.1-L2 Followup letter .................. 289 

79-A19.1-L3 Followup letter ............ , .... , 290 
78-A4 REPORT FORMS 125 

U.S. CENSUS nUREAU REPORT - DUE 7 DAYS AFTER RECEIPT OF FORM Form Approved: O.M.B. No. 41-577090 

FORM 78-A4 \ 12-9-771 

(Please correct any error in name and address including ZIP code) 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

1978 FARM AND RANCH 

IDENTIFICATION SURVEY 

Non CE Res ponse to thi s 

inquiry is required by law (title 

13, U.S. Code). By the same law YOUR REPORT TO THE 

CENSUS BUREAU IS CONFIDENTIAL. It may be seen only by sworn Census employees and may 

be used only for statistical 

purposes. Your report CANNOT 

be used for purposes of taxati on, 

investigation, or regulation. The 

law also provides that copies 

retained in your files are immune 

from legal process. 

~ RETURN TO ~ 

Bureau of the Census 

1201 East Tenth Street 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 CENSUS 

USE ONLY 

Please read t The purpose of th is i nqu i ry is to determ i ne the extent to whi ch you are en gaged in 

any agricultural activities. TO AVOID ADDITIONAL REQUESTS, please complete 

and return this form promptly whether you have any agricultural activities or not. 

~ Item 1 - Acreage in 1978 

Report land owned, rented, or used by you, your spouse, or by the partnership, corporation, or 

organization for which you are reporting. Include ALL LAND REGARDLESS OF LOCATION 

OR USE - cropland, pastureland, rangeland, woodland, idle land, house 

lots, land used for nursery, feedlots, greenhouses, orchards. None Number of acres 

Item 10. All land owned •••••••••••••.••••••••••• 

Item lb. All land rented or leased FROM OTHERS, including land worked 

by you on shares, used rent free, in exchange for services, payment 

of taxes, etc. (Include leased Federal, State, and railroad land. DO 

o 

NOT include land used on a per-head basis under a grazing permit.) 0 

Item lc. All land rented or leased TO OTHERS, including land worked on 

. shares by others and land subleased. Also complete item 2 below.. 0 

Item ld. ADD acres owned (item la) and acres rented (item I b), then 

SU BTRACT acres rented to others (i tem I c), and enter the 

result in this space. If zero, enter "0". 

~ Item 2 - If land is rented TO OTHERS (item lc above), please enter the 

followi ng i nformati on for each renter. 

Name of renter Mailing address (Include ZIP code) 

Please continue on reverse side 

11 

12 

13 

14 

Number of acres 

15 

16 

, 7 
126 REPORT FORMS 

~ Item 3 - Indicate which of the following items you expect to raise or produce in 1978 on the 

acres reported in item 1d. (Include products grown under CONTRACT for others, 

DO NOT include agricultural production on land rented to others.) 

a. Livestock - cattle, hogs, sheep, horses, etc., and their products 

(Include dairies and feedlots.) ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

b. Poultry - chickens, turkeys, ducks, etc., and their products ••••••••• 

c. Crops - corn, sorghums, soybeans, wheat, rice, hay, cotton, tobacco, 

peanuts, potatoes, sugar, etc ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

d. Vegetables and berries for sale - sweet corn, melons, etc •••••••• 

e. Fruit and nut trees - citrus, grapevines, etc. 

(If less than 20 trees or vines, mark "NO.") • .•...•••.•.....•.••.... 

f. Nursery or greenhouse products, or sod grown for sale ••••••••••••• 

g. Other agricultural activities - fur-bearing animals, bees, honey, poultry 

hatcheries, fish in captivity, etc. - SpecifY 

Item 4 - What is the estimated value of all agricultural products expected to be sold 

in 1978 from the acres reported in item Id? (DO NOT include the value of 

25 production or sales from land you rented to others.) 

YES 

18 10 

19 '0 

20 '0 

2' '0 

22 '0 

23 '0 

24 '0 

, 0 None 

20$1-$999 

30$1,000-$1,999 

40 $2,000-$39,999 

50$40,000-$99,999 

60$100,000-$199,999 

7 0 $200,000 or more 

Item 5 - For business purposes, do you operate the acres reported in item Id under any 

name other than the one shown (or corrected) in the address label? 

26 

78-A4 

NO 

20 

20 

20 

20 

20 

20 

20 

10 Yes - List other name(s) and addresses _______________________ _ 

2 [] No 

Item 6 - If you wi II NOT engage in any agricultural activities in 1978 on the acres reported in 

27 

Remarks 

item Id, mark (X) the reason below. 

, 0 All land has been sold - Enter nome and moiling address of present owner or 

operator and dote of sale in remarks below. 

2 0 All land is rented to others. 

30 All land reported in item Id is idle, or retained for other non-agricultural use -

Explain use in remarks below and give the year in which the land was lost 

operated as a form. 

4 [J Other - Explain and give nome of present operator, if any, in remarks below. 

~Item 7 - Person preparing this report. 

Name 28 Date Telephone 

29 Area code 1 Number 

FORM 7a·A4 
78-A1 (A) REPORT FORMS 127 

Form Approved' 0 M B No 41'S78038 

FORM 78-A l(A) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NOTICE - Response to this Inquiry IS required by law /tItle 13 U.S. Code!. By the S3rne law YOUR REPORT TO RURCAU OF THE' C"hIS\.J~ THE CENSUS BUREAU IS CONFIDENTIAL, It may be seen only by sworn Census employees and rnay be used 6·23,"1fjl 

only for statistical purposes. Your report CANNOT be used for purposes of taxatIon, Investlg(Jt1on, or regulation. 

The law also provides that copIes retained In your flies are Immune frorn legal process. 

(..\.N5u CENSUS USE ONLY 

035 1°36 1037 

r

38 

§1'78~ 1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE 

AREA SAMPLE 039 

1

040 

1

041 1"'2 ~ J: Key Identification data 

Part I - IDENTIFICATION Part II - TYPE OF ORGANIZATION - Continued 

Name -- Items 1 through 6 - Copy from A3 Record Book D Type C - INCORPORATED UNDER 

L State /2. County /3. Segrnent number /4. A3 Line number STATE LAW 

3 Mal!ln~ address Route [-3ox SIff.:el -- -,-----

5. Name - Flfst, Middle Inillal, L,1::;1 1. What is the current name Post Office Xt"te J. ZI P code __ ~IVng~oute 'Box ~-t ------------- and mailing address of 

th!s corporation? 

address 

------ 2. Is thIs a family-held corporatIon? YES NO b, Post Office I State Zl P code 

3. Are there more than 10 stockholders? YES NO 

7. What Is your (the I Area COde/Number /8. In what year did Year 4. Does this corporation have other separate and distinct farm and ranch operations? person listed In you begin to 060 YES - Enter locatlonlSI and namefs) below NO - SKIP to 1/(>111 5 Item 5) telephone operate any part 

number? of this place? "-

9. Do you have a Federal ,I \ Location ,Stale and county/ Name :-' YES - Enter f/~& EI number Employer Identification -- ;.. -- Number for this farm or ~jNO I I-I I I I I I I 121 Location (Stale and countyl Name ranch operation? 

ParI II - TYPE OF ORGANIZATION -~ 

S. During the past two years, 

Mark 'X, type of or.Qa()lza/lon as shown In column Ii of AJ LISllf1Q Sheel and ask questions has this farm or ranch Name 

for thaI type. Complete only one pari o( this page. oara reported for subsequent secfions used any name or address 

of questlonniJlre relate onfy (0 the speCific operation reported here. other than the current i 'I YES) Mailing address - Route,Box/Street corporation name and mailing 

D Type A tNDIVIDUAL OR FAMI LY Name address? NO OPERATION ISole Pos! OffIce ! S!ate ! ZIP code I proprietorship) 

1. For business purposes, YES---+ MailIng address Roule:Box·Streel I I Is this farm or ranch 

operated under any name NO 6. Does this farm or ranch employ a hired 

other than your own? Post Office I StJte ZIP code manager who is primarily in charge of 

the farm or ranch operations? I YES - Gu to 2 NO - SK.JP fa 

r:c--- 7. Who is the hired manager? Ilem 7 Ilem 8 

2. During the past two YES---+ Name 

years, have you received ! Person named In part 1, 

mall at any address INO 

Mailing address - Roule.'Bo)(,S(reet Item 5 - SKIP to page 2 Name other than the one : Other - Specify and I have listed? 

~O~'e end Interview ------. I StJte ZIP cOde Mailing ,1ddress - Route Box Str,;l'( 

3. DOI~s this farm or ranch employ a hired 8. Who is primarily in charge of 

manager who Is primarily in charge of the farm or ranch operations? 

the farm or ranch operations? 1 I YES - Go to 2 ; I NO - SKIP to Person named In part 1, Post Office i State I ZI P code 

t(em .J page 2 Item 5 - SKIP to page 2 

Name Other - Specify and / 

4. Who Is the hired manager? end Interview 

I - I Person named I n part 1, Mal flOg address Route :Box :Street D Type D - OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 

rtem 5 - SKIP to page 2 

f ~ ! Other - Specdy and SK~ Post Office I State ZI P code 

4 1. What type of organization operates or controls the operations of this farm or ranch unit? 

to page 2 995 

1 I Estate 4 ; -, State or Loca! 6 . Other - Spe:;Jty 

D Type B - PARTNERSHIP OPERATIONS Name 2: . i Tru~t Government (Include famify partnerships) ;.. 

2 1. For business purposes, 

what name and mailing Mal I I ng address - Roulel Box -'Street 3! ~ 1 Cooperative 5: i Federal Government 

address Is used for this 2. What is the name and Name 

partnership? .. , . Post Office I State ZI P code mailing address of 

this organization? I Mailing address - Route. BOx/Street 

2. How many partners are there? Partners Post OffIce I State I Zl P code 3. What Is the name and mailing address of each partner? 

! I Person named in part 1, rtem 5 - 00 not Jist 

i I Other - SpeCify {Use "Rem3rks" if more space is fequired'~1 3. What is the name and mailing Name 

address used for this farm a. b. J< or ranch operation? • Marling address Roule:Box IStreel Name Name 

Post OffIce 

Mallmg address - Route/Box/Street Marling address - Route. Box/Street . ___ t: I ZIP code 

Post Office I State I ZI P code Post Office I State ZIP code 4. During the past two years, r4ame -----~ 

has this farm or ranch i' I YES --+ 

used any other name or I ~ I NO 4. Does this partnershIp employ a hired manager who Is mailing address? Mall!ng addres~s - Route/Box. Street primarily In charge of the farm or ranch operations? ': I YES - Go to Item 5 

S. Who Is the hired manager? 21 -I NO - SKIP to item 6 ~)ffrce I State I ZI P code I-I Person named in part 1, Name 5. Does this organization employ a hired 

item 5 - SKIP to page 2 manager who is primarily In charge of 

( ~ J Other - Specify and end interview-..... the farm or ranch operations? . 1[ I YES - Go to 2! I NO - SKtP to Mailing address - RouteiBoxlS(reef 6. Who is the hired manager? item 6 Item 7 

6. Which partner Is primarily in charge I : Person named In part 1, of the farm or ranch operations? Post Otllce I State ZIP code 

r -I Person named in part 1, Item 5 - Item 5 - SKIP to page 2 

I ~ I Other:'" SpeCIfy and . SKIP (0 page 2 end interview ______ I-! Other partner - Specify and end interView ~---' ------ _._--, ---- - ~---

: ~I None - Go to item 7 ';. 7. Who is primarily In charge of the .-. 

. farm or ranch operations? ~----- ------------- 7. Who Is the eldest partner? Name I i Person named tn part I, Malll ng address - Route' Box .'Strt.>el I-I Person named in part 1, . 1tem 5 - Go to page 2 / item 5 - SKIP (0 page 2 I: I Other - SpeCify and Post Office o Other - Specify and end interview /,. end I State 'I ZI P code Interview 

Page 1 
128 REPORT FORMS 78-A1 (AI 

~ Section 1 - First, I would like to ask you about all the land you used in 1978. Now I would like to ask you about the agricultural operations on this place in 1978. 

Includ& all agricultural land owrNd, rentfld, or used by you, your spouse, or Since you may not have harvested, sold, bought, etc., all of the items that you plan 

by the pllrtnershlp, corporation, or organization for which you Sre reporting. to this year, you may need to estimate the answer to some questions. Include ALL LAND, REGARDLESS OF LOCATION OR USE - cropland, 

~ Section 2 - Were or will any of the following crops be harvested from this place in 19787 pastureland, rangeland, woodland, Idle 'and, house lots, etc. 

.Ourlng 1978, how many acres did you or will you- Number of acres How many acres How much was or How many acres 

None 0'3 were or will be wi" be harvested 1 were or will be 

1. Own at anytime? [-I ............................... harvested? Irrigated? , 

{ 06B I} 069 

1. Field corn for grain None 0.7 1- - -- DR __ B-"~ 2. Rent or lease Irom others? or seed (Report quantity ._- Including land worked on shares; on a shelled-weight used (enr free in exchange tor services, payment at taxes, etc. basis.) ••••....••.•• ;] Cwt. Include leased Federal, State, and railroad land. (Exclude land 0'4 07u 071 072 used on a per-head baSIS under a grazing permit.) A Iso complete 

ItemS below . ...... ..................... ...... I ~ I 2. Field corn for silage 0'5 Tons, or green chop .......•. i= I green 3. Rent or lease to others? Including all larld worked on shares 073 07. 75 

by others and lan.d subleased. Also complete Item 6 below . •••• I] 3. Wheat for grain .••.•... i:1 Bu. 046 

076 077 o 7B 4. ACRES IN THIS PLACE - ADD acres owned (item 1) and 

acres rented (Item 2), then SUBTRACT acres rented TO 4. Oats for eraln ••••.•••. [I Bu. OTHERS (Item 3), and enter the result In thiS space. • 079 OBO OBI 

5. Barley for grain •••••••• ~: I Bu. 

a. Is ••• the correct number of acres that you operated or expect ._-

} DB' 

OB3 to operate In 19781 Bu. 6. Sorghums for grain or seed OB2 .- - .. - OR r Lbs. ' : m ',"0 - ,-",,'00 "W" " .,.,,,,. J (Include milo) •..•••..• I-I OBS 086 OB7 

These acres Bre the "ACRES IN THIS PLACE" for this census repOl't 7. Sorghums for silage or 

green chop (Exclude Tons, 

/I zero acres In thIS place, refer to chapter V In your Enumerator's Reference Manual. sorghum-sudan crosses.) •• [I green 

OBB OB9 090 

8.Soybeans for beans .... . 1:1 Bu . 5. (If acres In Item 2) What Is or will be the name and address of each landlord and the 091 092 093 number of acres rented, used rent free, or worked on shares from each? 

9. Cotton ....•••.•...• r' I Bafes 

Name 01 landlord Mailing address (Include ZIP code) Number of acres 09. I 095 09. 047 I I 

10. Tobacco - all types ,- 1 , 110 Lbs. .... I 110 '-

097 I 09B 099 I O.B 11. Irish potato .. ::J I I ........ I c 10 Cwt. I /10 

100 I 101 102 I 0.9 12. Sweetpotatoes and yams .. 0 I /10 Bu. I /10 

Section 3 Was or will any DRY HAY, GRASS SILAGE, HAYLAGE, or GREEN CHOP List addUlonal landlords in the "Remarks. ,. be cut or harvested from this place in 1978? (Include sor9hum~sudBn crosses 

and hay cut trom pastUles.) 

6. (If acres In Item 3) What Is or will be the name and address of each renter and the 003 -

number of acres rented to each? II I YES - Complete this section 

Name of renter Mailing address (Include ZIP code) Number of acres 2U NO - Go to section 4 

SU If cuttings were or will be made for both dry hay and grass silage, hay/age, or green 

chop from the same fields, report the acreage in the appropriate items under DRY HAY 

051 and also under GRASS. SILAGE, HAYLAGE. and GREEN CHOP. 

IDRYHAY 

052 (If two or more cuttings of dry hay were or How many How much was How many 

wi /I be from (he same acres, report acres aCfes were or will be acres 

List additional renters In the "Remarks." only once, but report tolal tons from all or will be harvested? were or 

cuttings.) harvested? (Report either will be None 053 dry or green Irrigated? a. Of the land you rented Of leased to others, 

1":1 weight as how many acres did you or will you own? .......... Acres • Were or will any of the indicated) 

following crops be harvested? 

7. During 1978 did you or will you have any 103 10, IDS 

None Federal or State grazing permits on a per~ead os. 1. Alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures Tons, for basis; such as, Forest Service, Taylor Grazing, hay or dehydrating ............... [I dry 

Indian Reservations, etc.? .......................... I DYes 20No 106 107 Tons, I DB 

None oss 2. Small grain hay - oats, wheat, barley, etc. [I dry 

8. How many set aside acres do you haye In the 109 110 III 

Federal Farm Program In 1978? •.••.....•...•.... [] Acres 3. Other tame dry hay, cloye" lespedeza, Tons, 

timothy, Bermuda grass, Sudan grass, etc. [I dry 

112 113 Tons, I I. 9. LOCATION OF AGRICUL TURAL ACTIVITY FOR THIS PLACE 4. Wild hay ••..•••.••• : ••.•••••.. [I dry 

County name State Number of acres I GRASS SILAGE, HAYLAGE, AND 

a. In what county do S6 GREEN CHOP 

you ,.p.ct the largest 

value of your agrlcul- Princi pal (If two or more cuttings of grass si lage, tural products to be county ---+- haylage, or green chop were or will be raised or produced? .•• made from the same acres, report acres 057 only once, but reporr total tons from all b. Do you or will you have cuttings.) agricultural operations OSB I1S 116 Tons, 1\7 In any other county(les}? ~~~~~, es ~ 5. Grass silage and haylage ••••••••••• [I green (E nter the county OS, 18 119 Tons, 120 name(s) etc.) ....... 6. Hay crops cut and fed green (green chop) LI green 

Remarks 

.. Page 2 
78-A1 (A) REPORT FORMS 129 

~Section 4 - Was there a combined total of 20 or more FRUIT TREES, including GRAPEVINES, CITRUS AND NUT TREES ON THIS PLACE IN 1978? (Do nollnclude abandoned Irees) 

004 1 :--1 YES - Complete this section ~~~ ~~~il~c~s Tota! (lues 2 L ~ irrigated? I NO - Go to section 5 

1. How many acres were In bearing and nonbearlng fruit orchards, citrus or 121 '22 I 

other groves, vineyards, and nut trees on this place In 1978? ..•.•........ 10 '10 NONCITRUS CROPS Code CITRUS CROPS Code 

2. Which kinds of fruit and nut trees were on this place In 1978? (Show F lash Card) Apples .•••...••• 123 (Report quantify harvested 

From the list at the fight, enter name and code for the fruit trees, grapevines, and nut trees on thiS place In 1978. Report the Apricots •.••.••.. 129 In 1977-78 from bloom 

Avocados ••••••.. 135 of 1977) following Information for each crop even If not harvested because of low prices, darr.age from hall, frost, etc. For Interplanted Cherries ...•... , . 147 Grapefruit •....•... 267 trees, estimate the area covered by each kind of frUit. If other crops were Interplanted With trees, see Reference Manual, Ch. IV. Grapes - dry weight 171 Lemons . . . . . . . . . . 279 

How many trees or What was U, It of 0" I Grapes - fresh weight 177 Oranges .......... 297 

vines were of - or wi II be Olives ....••...• 207 Tangelos . . . . . . . . . 303 

H ow many acres the quantity ~ ,Lbs, Peaches ••.••...• 225 Tangerines and Crop name Code Beari ng afallages? ~ 

Nonbeari Pears .•.......•. 231 mandarl ns ........ 309 ng harves ted? c x D 0 0 I per 315 age? age? ..J r- ill I box Plums and prunes - Other citrus - Specify 

fresh wei ght 243 

10 ,t!, I I" I 13 I Prunes - dry weight. 249 NUT CROPS 

Other nonCI trus - (Report quantity in the shell) 

I' !2 10 3 ji ,1 2 13 

'5 Specify . . . . . . . . 261 Almonas .•..•.•... 321 

Filberts and hazelnuts. 327 

I' '10 3 I: I' :1 3 ! IS Pecans, Improved .••. 339 

Pecans, Wild 

I' 12 10 3 Ii 12' 13 ,5 and seedling •..... 345 

Walnuts (English 

I' 12 '10 i

3 I: 13 , i ,5 

or Persian) ...•... 357 

!12 Other nut trees - Speedy 363 

/I more space ,s needed, use rhe "Remarks," 

~Section 5 - Were or will any VEGETABLES, SWEET CORN, MELONS, etc., be ~Section 7 Wefe or will any STRAWBERRIES, CRANBERRIES, or OTHER BERRIES 

be harvested FOR SALE from this place in 1978? harvested FOR SALE from this place in 1978? 007 005 : YES - Complete this section " , YES - Complete this section 

2 [I NO - Go (0 section 6 2' NO - Go to section 8 

For Flof/da, report for September 1, 1977 through How y were August 31, 1978 harvest season; lor all other Acres .Which crops were or will be harvested from this place In 1975? Of will be irrigated (Show F lash Card) 

States report for c'3lendar year 1978, 

375 376 How many acres How ,mu:h was 01" How many acres 

1. From how much land were or will 10 10 Crop name Code were or will be will be harvested? were or will be 

vegetables be harvested in 1978? •..••...•• harvested? irrigated? 

2. Which vegetable crops were or will be harvested from this place In 1978? (ShOW F lash Card) I 

If more than one vegetable crop was harvested from the same acres, report acres for I '10 10 

each crop. Report crops grown under protection In sectlOf) 6. , 2 I 

10 I , 10 How many acre! were How many acres I 

Crop name Code or will be harvested? were or will be , 2 

Irrigated? , I , '10 I 10 

'10 J.O. If more spact3 IS needed, use the "RemafM$, 

Crop name Code Crop name Code 

, 10 '10 Blackberries and dewberries !pounds) , •• 509 Raspbeffles (pounds) •.....•...• 533 

'10 I' Blueberries, tame (pounds) .........• 512 Strawberries (pounds) •.•...•...• 536 

110 Blueberries. Wild (pounds) ........• , 515 All other berries (pounds)-

: Cranberfles (lOO~lb. barrels) ......... 521 Specify • •••.••••••••••.•.• 539 

'10 '10 8 ,Were or will any crops be harvested from this place in 1978 such as rice, 

'10 , '10 ". OOB peanuts, field seeds, sugar crops, or other crops not previously reported? 

'10 • '10 ' : ' YES - Complete rhls section 

If more space IS needed, use the "Remarks." 2, :NO - Go to section 9 

Crop name Code Crop name Code Crop name Code .Which crops were or will be harvested from this place In 1975? (Show Flash Card) 

Asparagus •••••••... 379 Cucumbers and pickles •. 411 Pumpkl ns ...•...•.• 449 

Beans, snap (bush Eggpl ant ........... 415 Radishes •....•..•. 451 How many acres How much How many and polel •......... 381 Gar!!c . . . . . . . . . . . • 421 Spinach •.••..•• : .• 457 were or wi II be was or will acres were Beets ••••.••.•...• 383 Honeydew melons ..••. 423 Squash ........... 459 Crop name Code harvested? be harvested? or will be BroccolJ ••••••••••• 385 Lettuce and ramal ne ..• 427 Sweet corn ••...••.• 461 Irrigated? Cabbage .....•..... 391 II ma beans, green •••.• 429 Tomatoes •..•••. ~ •• 463 

Canta!oups and Mustard greens •....•. 431 Turnl ps .•••...•••• 465 

Persian melons •••••• 395 Omans, dry ..••••.•. 433 Turn! p greens .•••••• 467 

Carrots •••••••••..• 397 Onions, green . . . . . . . 435 Watermelons •....•.. 473 

Cauliflower ••••••.•• 399 Okra ........•.... 437 Other vegetables -

Celery •••••.••..... 401 Peas, green, Including Specify ......... , 475 

Collards ............ 407 English {exclude 

Cowpeas (bl ac keyed green cowpeas) ..•... 441 

and other green Peppers, sweet ...... 443 

cowpeas) ......... 409 Peppers, hot ........ 445 

~Section 6 - Were or will any NURSERY and GREENHOUSE PRODUCTS, sod. bulbs.' flowers, 

flower seeds, vegetable seeds and plants, vegetables under glass or other 

006 protection, or MUSHROOMS be grown FOR SALE on this place in 1978? 

1 [I YES - Complete this section Area If" gated 12 2[1 NO - Go to section 7 

~lJare feet I Acres L How many square flet or acres of all I·e 

1

47

" products wire or will be '10 Irrigated? •••••.•.••..•... 

2. Which products were or will be grown on this place for sale In 1978? fShow Frash Card) If more space is needed, use the "Remarks.' 

How many !quare How many acres Gross va lue of Crop name Code Crop name Code feet under glass I n the open In sales In 1978 Product name Code or other protection 1978 ? Alfalfa seed (pounds) •••....•..... 542 Proso millet (bushels) •••.•.•. , .. 665 In 19787 Dollars Cents Beans, dry field and seed Red clover seed (pounds) •••.•...• 671 

(IOO·pound bagsl •...•.•........ 554 {(lOO.POUnd bagsl or ••••••• 677 

'10 I $ : : Beans, dry lIma \lOO·pound bags) •.... 557 R,ce (bushels I or ...••....... 680 

I' : Buckwheat (bushels) ••••.•....... 575 (barrelsl .......•.•.... 683 

'10 Corn cut for dry fodder. Rye for grain (bushelsl ...•.•.•.. 686 hogged or grazed (acres only) 581 Ryegrass seed (poundsl ..•..•..•. 689 

'10 I ~ :::: Cowpeas for dry peas (bushels) ••••.. 584 Safflower (pounds) ..........•.. 692 Emmer and spelt (bushels) ......... 599 Sorghums cut for dry forage 

II more space is needed, use the 'Remarks.' Fescue seed (pounds) ••••••..••••• 602 or hay (tons, dry weight) •..•...•• 698 

Product name Codo Product name Code Flaxseed (bushels) ••.••••••••.•• 605 Sorghums hogged or grazed (acres only} 701 

GraIns, !nIxed (bushels) ..•••.••••• 614 Sugar beets for sugar (tons) •••••.. 719 Bedding plants (include vegetable plants) •• 479 Foliage and flowerrng plants •••••• 491 Kentucky Bluegrass seed (pounds) .••. 629 Sugarcane for sugar (tons) •.•.••.• 722 Bulbs ••.•.••.•.•••.•..•••••..• 482 Mushrooms .•••••••.••••.•••• 494 Lespedeza seed (pounds) .••••..••• 638 Sugarcal1e tor seed (tons) ........ 725 Cut flowers and cut florist greens ••••••• 485 Sod harvested •............•.. 497 MInt tor 011 (pounds of oil) ••••••..•• 644 Sunflowe: seed (pounds) ..•.•.••• 734 Nursery products (include envlronmentals, Vegetable and flower seeds ••..••• 500 Peanuts for nuts (pounds) ••••••••.• 656 TI mothy seed (pounds). •..•.•..•• 746 lining-out stock, fruit and nut trees, Greenhouse vegetables •••••••••• 503 Peas, dry field and seed (pounds) •••.• 659 Other crops (pounds) -

and vines) ••••• , ••••••••••••••• 488 Other - Specify .............. 506 Popcorn (pounds, shelledl •.•.•••..• 662 Specify • •••••••••••••••••• 773 

FORM 78 AlIA) (62318) Page 3 
130 REPORT FORMS 78-A1(A) 

~ Section 9 - The next questions relate to the gross value of the crops sold or to be sold 

from this place in 1978 before taxes and expenses. Estimates are acceptable. 

Include the value of the landlord's and/or contractor's share, estimating 

if necessary. 

None Dollars 

.What will be the total dollar value of !ales in 1918 trom - [776 

2. Cotton and cottonseed Including 

Go¥ernmenl eee loans? ...••.•.••.••••••••..••• I 11 $ 

a. Of the total, how much will None I Dollars ! Cents 

be received In 1978 from 

Government eee loans? .••••. I I [779 H:::}::::: ::::::: 

3. Tobacco? .....••.•..•.............•.•.....• I I 1

80 

4. Field seeds, grass seed, hay, forage, and silage? •....•. , I I I ~8 

S. Vegetables, sweet corn, and melons? - DO NOT include lush 

pOid/rxn Of SWC()lpotafocs, report them If) Ile.'ll 8 below . •••• 

782 

I I $ 

::::::: ::::::: 

::::::: 

::::::: 

!: ~ 

:::~:) :::::::::: 

::) 

ii> 

I: f 6. Fruits, nuts, berries - such as apples, peaches, grapes, 

citrus, pecans, strawberries, etc.? .....•••..••.•••• I \ $ 

783 

I:: :« 7. Nursery and greenhouse products? .•.••••••••• T' •••• 

8. at he, crops - peanuts, Irish potatoes, sweetpotatoes, 

sugar beets, sugarcane, mint 

for 011, hops, etc.? - Specify 

II ;8. 

'785 

I I $ 

~- Seclion 10 - The next questioos refer to the use of the land in this place during 1978. 

If the same land had more than one use in 1978, REPORT THAT LAND 

i[~ :::::::: 

~:iii:: 

ONLY ONCE in the first "use" listed below that applies. (Show Flash Card) 

1. Lopy ALfiE. ,) IN {HIS fJLAcr from s(!c/lon 1, 110m 4, page 2. ____ Acres 

':': 

2. In 1978, how many acres of cropland were or will be- None Number of acres 

17 87 

~ Section 12 - Did you or anyone else have or expect to have any CADLE or CALVES on 

012 this place in 1978? 

1 l_ l YES - Complete this section 

2 [ I NO - Go to section 13 

.As of DECEMBER 31, 1978, hoW many -

1. CATTLE AND CALVES or all ages will be 

on this place? .••••••••••..••••••....••..•••. 

• Of these cattle and calves, how many wi II be -

a. BEEF COWS? (Include beef heifers that will have calved.) 

b. MI LK COWS kept fOf production of milk or cream 

for sale or home use? (Include dfy milk cows and 

milk heifers that Will have calved.) ••••••••••••••• 

c. HEIFERS AND HEIFER CALVES? (Exclude 

hejfe~s (hat Will have calved,) •••••••••••••••••• 

d. STEERS, STEER CALVES, BULLS, AND 

BULL CALVES? ••..••...•...•..•..••••.... 

None 

1-1 

I ! 

1:1 

I-I 

I ~ I 

INVENTORY 

on thiS place 

December 31, 1978 

r80 3 

Total 

all ages 

[60' 

Beef 

cows 

r

80S 

Milk 

cows 

1806 

~~~f~~~fe calves 

[807 Steers 

and bulls 

of all age, 

(Sum of a, b, c, and d must equal 1. /f not, verify and adjust as necessary.) 

eOr the CATTLE AND CALVES SOLO OR TO 

BE SOLO FROM THIS PLACE In 1978, how 

many were or will be - (InClude those fed on 

/IllS place on a contract or custom baSIS. Also 

report as sold. cattle1f)oved from this place /0 

a feedlo/ lor fur/her feeding.) 

2. Calves weighing less than 500 pound5? ..... 

3. Cattle, Including calves, weighing 

500 pounds or more? . , ......•.. , ...... 

a. Of the total cattle sold, how many 

were or will b. FATTENED on this 

place on GRAIN OR CONCENTRATES 

for 30 days or more and sold 

for 5laughter? •.•..•..••••••...••• 

4. What will be the gross value of DAIRY 

PRODUCTS sold hom this place in 1978? 

None 

I I 

I I 

I I I 

Number sold Gross value of sales 

,n 1978 Doll ars ' Cents 

808 809 r::::) $ 

1

810 8 if: $ 

f8i2 813 

11\1\:111::% $ 

Gross value of sales 

None Dollars , Cents 

8" 

(Report goat dairy pfoducts in section 15,) ••••.•• !_l 1:' ::: ~.:::.:: [. a, Harvested? (Include <J/l land from which crops were or will be 

1',/fvcslOd {Jf hiJY was or Will IJe cui, C1nd iJ/I land In olchafds, 

(1/((1,'> (}fOvus, vrncYiJfds, And nursery iJnd greenhouse products. 

Ark! dcre.'> II/ sectlOl):, )-H, Till::' to/ill must be cqual fo or less 

rhu) Iflu lul,d dCfes reported Ilarvcsted In sections 2-8,) •.• 

b. Used for pasture or grazing? (/{)( lude wla/lOn pas/ure and 

(}fd/lfI(f Idfld If/,ll could hdVl' ix!cn used for GlOpS wdho()1 

.J(I(/l/llIn,1I Impfollern('rlIS.) ..•••.•...••...•••••.••• 

I , 

f-sB 

~ Section 13 - Did you or anyone else have or expect to have any HOGS or PIGS on this 

-------1 013 place in 19787 

c. Cropland used for cover crops, legumes, and s.oll-impro'l'ement 

graBes, but NOT harvested and NOT pastured? ......••. 

d. Land on which a\1 crops failed? (C)(c/udc Idnd In orchards 

,11)(1 (III wIll ell the cr(Jp f,II/t.'d, Such (JuCdqe is (0 

til' Ifl dun) ;'(1,) ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

e. In cultivated summer fallow? . , ......... , .........• 

1. Idle? 

3. How many acre'!! or woodland were or {a, Pastured? .•.... 

will be - (II)( 'lldp ell! wow/ol:;. dnd 

IIII/bel II.Jel.'> drd (II/Oller dlld deforp'>fc(/ 7 

I./(I(j Will) y(lunq Ilmbel (}I(}Wtll,J • • • • • b. Not pastured. '" 

4. How many acres ot othef pasture land and rangeland did you have 

in 1978? (Ineilide dny fldSrufl!ldfld other (han cropland and 

· ... f/)ix/','nd Ild:'/lJre, 1 •• , ••• , •••••• , •••••••••••••••• 

5. How many acres 01 all other land did you have In 1978, s'uch as 

house lots, ponds, roads, wasteland, etc.? (Include any land not 

(I'f)U/!I:(j In 11'~m,,> ;; throllqfl·J above.). , ••..•.• , •. , , .•••• 

6. TU·I AL ACRES Add (fir.: iJeres reported In Ilems 2 U)(Ough 5 

ISfl()lllrJ he lilL' 5f)me as If(1Oi f above.) 

I .1 789 

! I 

rgo--

I. I 

791 

I 793 

i I 

794 

I I 

79' 

I 

I I 796 

I 

797 

[] 

798 

• IiIo.. 

~ Section II ~ Was or will any land in this ptace be irrigated at any time in 1978? 

/frJ(ld!L'd la')(/ I:' .)/1 /,ffld w,Jlc·red by any <lftlf,eld' or con/lolled means - sprinklers, fUflows or 

(fill hi"" "f!fl'r,d,', dikes, ('/c. IncllJde ,:"uppI9mental, partldl, ane! preplan/ "f/gatlon. 

1)11 

YES - Complete this section 

NO _. Go /0 sec/Ion 1? Numbel of acres 

None upgated 

1. How many acres of the followIng were Of will be irrigated In 1978? 1

799 

a, HARVESTED LAND - (HcportQd In see(lon 10, /fem 2a)-

Ilnl_II,dl' Idlld !rllm wilich !l,"ry wa,> cui ilnd land In beaflng 

.)()(/ f)f)flVr::aflnq Iff/II ,1n(/ nul crops.! •. ,', ••••••• , .. , •• \ 1 

b. PASTURELAND I)l RANGELANDIf{('porll·d If) '.,1:(,/I()fI 10. lIoms ?b dnd ·1) -- (If/elude spong 

1I110dlrlQ If W,j/(!f dlvcrfr.:d or ~prcdd hy diJms, sp'ffadef dikes, _ I C,/fldh, rjlldll:'" pipes, Of o/hor W(Jrr,S.J ..••• , ••••••••• , I 

Co OTHER LANDS - Such a5 land not harve5ted due to complet. 

crop failure, Idle land, land In cultivated 5ummet' fallow, or land 

In cover crop! and s.ol141mprovemtnl erasslS .........•... I ~ J 

d. TOTAL ACRES -- (Add acres reponed In a, b, and 

I: and {forc' lofal here., 

1

800 

[801 

,.-802 

I \ -I YES - Complete this sectIon 

21 1 NO - Go to section 14 

eAs of DECEMBER 31, 1978, hoW many -

l. HOGS and PIGS of all ages will be on this place? 

.Of these hogs and pigs, how many will bea. HOGS and PIGS used or to be used ror BREEDING? •.••. 

b. OTHER HOGS and PIGS? •.•...••......••...•... 

(Sum of a and b mus t equal 1. 1/ nof, verify and 

adjust as necessary.) 

I. I 

1 816 

I I 

8" 

[J 

2. How many litters- None Number of Iftters 

a. Were farrowed on this place between 

December 1, 1977 and May 31, 1978? ....•... 

818 

II b. Were or will be farrowed between June 1, 1978 819 

and November 3D, 1978? •....••....••.••• I I 

Total 

Breedfng 

Other 

Number sold Gross value of sales 

None In 1978 Dollars 

3. How many HOGS and PIGS we,. 

SOLO or will be sold from this 

,LV lZ1 

place In 1978? .•••••.••.•••.•••• II ,$ 

4. Of the hogs and pigs sold and to be sold, 1

822 1823 

how many will be sold as FEEDER PIGS 

for further feeding? .............. I I $ 

~ Section 14 - Did you or anyone else have or expect to have SHEEP or LAMBS on this 

place in 19787 

Cents 

ii'! :;:: 

il·l: :: [!~ 

0" INVENTORY I I 1 YES - Complete this section on thfS -place How many will 

21'1 ND - Go 10 section 15 None December 31.1971 be sold In 1978? 

1. How many SHEEP and LAMBS or all ages 

will be on this place on Dec. 31, 1978? •••• 

2. How many SHEEP and LAMBS 

were or will be SHORN on 

None 

this place In 19781 .. l: I 

3. What Is the expected value of sales of 

sheep, lambs, and wool from this place 

827 

In 1978? ... , .. , ... ', ............. , 

1

8

" 82S 

828 

~ value 01 sales 

None Dol'ars Cents 

~ ~}}::::::::: [j Is 1{{::;::} 

Page 4 
78-A 1 (A) REPORT FORMS 131 

~ Section 15 - Did you or anyone else have or expect to have any HORSES, BEES, FISH, ~ Section 17 - Did or will you have any income in 1978 from MACHINE WORK, CUSTOMWORK, 

0'5 OTHER LIVESTOCK, or ANIMAL SPECIALTIES in 1978? and OTHER AGRICULTURAL SERVICES PROVIDED for others in 1978? 

'1 ! YES - Complete this section 017 1[ . J YES - Complet. this SKt/on 

2' , INO - Go (0 section 16 21 ! NO - Go (0 section 18 

INVENTORY What was or IH0w. much " .. or "I I • How many of the following do on thIS place "ill be the 1~:IO:I~r~;;8? of 1. How much will you recilvi In 1978 from machine work, l Dol lars : Cents you expect to have On this Dec. 31, 1976 total number customwork, and other agricultural services PROVIDED 

·1;'9 ii.2: .. placo December 31, 1978? None sold in 1978? Do-,,"~ ~ ",ts FOR OTHERS In 1978 for planting, plowing, harvostlng, 

1. Hones and ponies of 830 831 832 

:::: "" 

Ilvlstock breeding, etc.? 

all ages. I I $ 

833 834 835 j:::> 2. What kind of work was Or will be done? 

2. Mules, burros, and donkeys. , : I S 

3. Mink and their pelts I 1836 1837 1~38 11 ,.. Secti0/118 - During 1978 have you sold or will you sell any crops, livestock, 

or livestock products DlRECTl Y TO INDIVIDUALS FOR HUMAN 

a. Mink femaln uud or to [863 k:::::::::::::::,:::,:::::::::: 

l:tIi~I ",: CONSUMPTION at roadside stands, farmers markets, pick your own, etc.' be used for breeding. I I [:::::{,:,:",:,:,:,:;:::,: 018 I I-I YES - Complel. Ihls .eellon 

4. Any other ll'iestock or 

i~11 2 [-1 NO - Go to section 19 l Dollars , Cents anImal specialties such as 

·1;20 :.un (Show "Llst A" on Flash 

Card.) 1. What will be the gross value of those dIrect sales? . . .. 1$ in captl'ilty on 

this place in 1978? 

rEnte! name and code 2. What products are sold? f!om"Llst A."J 

Name Code ,,),: ~ Section 19 -ENUMERATOR TRANSCRIPTION ITEM (Mark. from page 1.) 

, 2 

------ --- Is oTYPE A - INDIVIDUAL or fAMILY OPERATION 921 

Acres .~ater I Gross~ valueoIsale (Sale p!opfietorshlp) '1-: 5. What witl be the quantity Total quantJly sold 

and 'ialue of other n'iestock for aquaculture In 1976 products sold from this place Do~ ~ oTYPE B - PARTNERSHIP OPERATIONS 922 

in 1978? {:} 

111// 

(Include family partnerships) 2/-: - .... Total number 

(Show "List B" None 1 of partners 

on Flash Cafd.1 --- I I }) ::::::::: :;:,:,:::,:,:: Pswnds ~ .TYPE C - INCORPORATED UNDER STATE LAW rot OR Name Code (? jj 2 

<::::::::;:::: S Is this a family held corporationr {' , YES 

):" Gallons --- 4, 'NO 

6. Did you or will you have any , 1 

fish or other aquaculture , 2 ;::, {: ' YES product s grown in capt !'iity I Are there more than 10 stockholders? I on this place In I978? NO None I Pounds 

(SflOW "List C" on I OR }';::: Flash Ca!d.) ! , 3 o TYPE 0 - OTHER ORGANIZA TIONS, S ;::: such as cooperative, estate or trust, N.?Ime Code 110 prison farm, grazing aSSOciation, etc. , 7 r- : Specify 

b I Number ~ Section 20 - OPERATOR CHARACTERISTICS AND OCCUPATION (If 'espondenl is not 

r I List A I operator, adjust questions 1 th!ough 7 to reflect operata! Information.) 

'\ Name Code Name Code Name Code 

Colonies of bees 839 Other goats · 848 Worms. 857 1. Do you (operator - person in charge or 923 

Angor a goats Sol2 Rabbits and tnerr pelts. · 851 All other livestock- senior partner) live on this place? 

" YES 2 'NO 

Milk goats . 845 Chinchillas .?Ind (herr pelts. · 854 SpeCify 860 

I list 8 f------.. I I 924 r / li st C "\ I : i White Name Code Name Code Name Code 

Mohalf 2' I Negro or Bl3Ck sold 864 Catfish .. ..... 872 Other fISh .884 Goats mJlk sold .. 866 Tfout . .. 876 Other aquaculture 3, Arneflcan IndIan Honey sold, 868 Tropical Jnd products - 2. What is your RACE? . 4 Other 'Asian or P,KifIC !slander livestock products- baltflsh 880 Specify . • , ... 888 (Show F laSh Card) - Specify. . 870 9 I Other - speClfJ/ 

• Section 16 - Did you or anyone else have or expect to have any POULTRY such as 

CHICKENS, TURKEYS, DUCKS, etc., on this place in 1978? (Include poul/,y 

grown for others on a contract baSiS.) 

016 

'I YES - Complete this sect/on 925 

What was or 3. What is your AGE? ----- Years old 

'I 'NO - Go to seclion 17 INVENTORY will be the 

None 

on thiS place total number 926 1. On Dec. 31, 1978, how many chickens will Dec. 31, 1976 sold In 1978? 4. Mark the sex of the operator (or senior partner). , be on ; Male ' F ernale this place that are- 21 

a. Hens and pullets of laying age? I_I 892 189: 

S. Are you of Spanish origin or descent, such 927 

b. Pullets 3 months old or older not yet of laying age? . I. 1

894 [895 as Mexican, Mexican American, Cuban, or 

c. Pullet chI cks and pullets under 3 months old? 896 1°' other Spanish? . . . . .. . ..... ,. " 'i ' YES 2\ ,NO 

(Exclude commercial broilers.) ...... U 2. How many will be BROILERS, fryers, and other meat 898 899 6. At what occupation did you spend the majority 928 

type chIckens, Including capons and roasters? U (SO percent Or more) of your work time In 1978? 

(For partnerShips conSider all members of (he 

3. How many turkeys will be - ,900 1

90 partnership together) . 1 , ' i Farming 2i IOthe, a. Turkeys for slaughter? (Exclude breeders.) 1 I 

b. Turkey HENS kepI for breeding? r I 1

9O1 190: I. 

4. Old you have any OTHER POULTRY raised 7. How many days will you work at least 4 hours '''{' "., In captivity - such as ducks, geese, pigeons 

Of squab, pheasants, quail, etc.' 1 I per day off this place In 1978? (Include work 21_il-49days 1 a( a nonfarm Job, bUSiness, or on someone 

Poultry name Code else's farm. Exclude exchange (aIm work.) 31- 150-99 days 

(Show F lash Card) 4 i j 100-149 doys 

Poultry name Code 51 1150-199 days 

Name Code Name Code Name Code 6 \' 1200 days or more 

Ducks 904 Pigeons or squab ..... 908 Quail. 912 

Geese. 906 Pheasants .. . 910 All other poultry - SpeCify 914 • Section 21 - Will any land in this place be held under FOREIGN OWNERSH IP in 1978? 

5. How many poultry will be halched on Ihls place None _Number 021 1 l_1 YES - Complete this section In 1978 and placed Dr sold, such as chickens, [916 } turkeys, ducks, etc.? Specify kind of poultry [I 21 INO 

6. What will be the Incubator Ou capacity on December 31, 1978? . 19 17 31 i Don't Go to section 22 

[I know 

7. What will be the gross value of sales of poultr? and poultry Gloss_value of sal .. Of the total acres In this place, how many were Owned by _ None Acres 

producls (eus, olt.) sold from this place In 1 78? None ~ ~ents 1. Indlylduals "ho are NOT citizens of the United States? . 930 

(Include estimated value of poultry and pOUltry products 18 

JB~[j[~[ 2. A forllgn held corporation, unlncorpOfated L: moved from this place by contractors artd othels.) . ........ [I 1$ 193 association, Dr a foreign government? ..... LI FORM 7B·A\:Aj 16·23·HIl 

Page 5 
132 REPORT FORMS 78-A1(A) 

~ Section 22 - Was or will any COMMERCIAL FERTILIZER, including ROCK PHOSPHATE, 

or LIME be used on this place during 1978? 

022 

, [ i YES - Complefe this section 

2[._ i NO - Go to section 23 

None Acres fertIlized 

1. On how many acres of cropland (excluding 

cropland pastured) were Of will commercial 

fortlllll" bl usod In 19781 (Acres reported 

in section 10, items 2a and 2c-2f) 

2. On how many acres of pastureland and raneea 

land were or will commercial f.rtlllzers be used In 19781 (Acres reported in section 10, 

n 

,terns 2b and 4). [.~ 

3. How many tons of lime were or will be 

used on this place and on how many None 

~~;~~ w(~O O~o7i,l~ci~t;: ~:~~I~~a~~er or 1

934 

gypsum or lime for sanitation.) . . . L_-j 

932 

933 

935 

~ Section 23 - Were or will any INSECTICIDES, HERBICIDES, FUNGICIDES, NEMATICIDES. 

OTHER PESTICIDES, or OTHER CHEMICALS be used on this place in 1978? 023 

1 L~ ~I YES - Complete this section 

2 i = 1 NO - Go to section 24 

Include any malerlals provided by you, your landlolds, or contractors. If multipurpose 

chemicals were Of will be used, repoft acreage treated tal each purpose. 

l. On how many acres were or will sprays, dusts, 

granules, fumigants, etc., (fungicide, herbicide, 

insecticide, nematicide) be used to control -

a. Insects on hay and other crops? 

b. Nematodes In crops? 

c. Diseases in crops and orchards (blights, smuts, rusts, etc.)? 

d. Weeds, grass, or brush in crops and pasture? 

2. On how many acres were or will chemicals for defoliation 

Of for growth control of crops or thinning of fruit be used? 

3. Were or will any chemicals be used fora. Insect control on livestock and poultry, 941 

Includln, troalmenl of bulldln,.? .............. . 

b. Sanitation, rodent and bird control, etc. 

(Include lime for sanitation.) 

942 

Number of acres 

None on which used 

936 

I I 

937 

936 

939 

[l 

940 

'[IYES 2CINO 

~ Section 24 - The next items relate to MACHINERY AN·D EQUIPMENT expected to be on 

this place on December 31,1978. (Include only equIpment used or to be 

ustKJ for agricultural operations In 1977 or 1978.) 

1. Who! will b. the .stlmated m.rket value of ALL 

machinery, equipment, and Implements usually 

kept on this place and used for the farm Of ranch 

business as of December 31, 1918? (Include cars, 

',ucks, tractors, combines, plows, diSks, haffows, 

dlyels. pumps, motors, Iff/gation equipment, dailY 

equipment Including mllkels and bulk tanks, livesfock feeders, gflnding and mixing equipment. etc.) 

Estimated market value 

943 

Total number 

on this place on 

Decembe, 31, 1978 

Dollars : Cents 

Of Ihe tolal, HOW 

MANY were manu· 

factured in the last 

5 years (1974-197811 

~ Section 25 - How much was or will be spent during 1978 FOR THE FOLLOWING ENERGY 

and PETROLEUM PRODUCTS FOR THE FARM BUSIN ESS? (S/oOw Flash Catd) 

Include expenditures paid by you 

01 others for ploduction of crops, 

livestock, or orllel agricuflulal 

products for this place In 1978. 

Expenditures 

None Dollars: Cents 

!~ I i ;66 !:::::::: 

How many 

gallons will be purchased 

In 19781 

967 

What will b. the 

storage capacity on this p lace on Doc. 31 1978? 

966 

1. Gasoline for farm business. 

2. Diesel fuel for the farm 

business. 

1969 :::970 

3. LP gas, butane, propane for 

the farm business (4.5 Ibs. ~ 

1 galion). 

, I Is :::::: ~19~72----·~~~73~----~~7~4------; 

[1~$=-__ ~1:~::;:~::~=-____ ~=-____ -; 

4. fuel oil for the farm business 

5. Natural gas for the 

farm business 

6. Kerosene, motor oi I, and 

grease for the farm business 

! I ;75 IF:::< .76 977 .76 

OS 

'7. 

S 

7. Electricity for the 960 

farm business L I $ 

8. Other coal, wood, coke, .tc. i_-; ;" : : : : 

~ Section 26 - Now I have some questions about SELECTED PRODUCTION EXPENSES 

paid by you and others for this place in 1978 

Include best estimates of expenses to be paid by you (the operator), your landlord, 

contractors, buyers, and others for production of crops, livestock, and other 

agrlcultunl products In 1978. DO NOT INCLUDE expens.s connectod with 

performing customwork for others, operation of nonfarm activities, businesses, 

: : : 

: : 

or services; or household expenses not related to the farm business. ~~sel~ec;lt~ed~~~~~ 

eDurlng 1978 how much do you expect to sp.nd for - None Dollars , 1t: 

1. The purchase of livestock and poultry such as ':11::1<:: ~ ;:: ••:: • 

cattle, calves, hogs, pigs, sheep, lambs, goats, :;:; 

horses, chicks, poults, pullets, etc.? . ! -I $ 

2. All feed purchased for livestock and poultry, Include b96"---3-~'*:.'*t,:,:.j 

grain, hay, silage, mixed feeds, concentrates, etc.? 0 

a. Of the tota I feed purchased how many tons are eXpected to be 9lliwtilliruuW1 

commercially mixed formula feeds, supplement, concentrates, etc.? ~~:: : : 

(00 not include 

ingledlents purchased , . : 

sepa,ately. such as Tons: Tenths Dollars : Cents :: 

~~r/:~:::~~al, None 984 985 and urea.) . 1-1 '10 $ 

3. Animal health costs for livestock and poultry? (Include 

veterinaflan serVices, serums, vaccmes. medicines, etc.). 

4. Seeds, bulbs, plants, and trees purchased? . 

5. Commercial fertilizers to include rock phosphate and 

gypsum? (Report cost of application In Item 9 below.) . 

6. Agricultural chemicals to Include insectiCides, herbicides, 

fungicides, other pesticides, lime, etc.? (Report cost of 

applicaflon In item 9 be/ow.) ......... . 

[I 967 

1 

966 

969 

(~ I 

1. Hired farm or ranch labor, Include paid family workers? l:::-l 990 

a. Of the hired farm or ranch workers, 

how many will work -

(1) 150 days or more In 1978? . 

(2) L ... than 150 day. in 1978? 

8. Contract labor? - Include expenditures plimanly fOl labor, such 

as halvesftng of fruit, vegetables, berries, etc., performed on a 

contract basis bya contractor, a crew leader. a cooperative, erc. I ~ i 

994 

2. How many of the following items 

will be on this place December 31, 

1978? (Repoft only If used In 1977 

01 1978.) None f---_______ +_-'(,N_-'-u_m.:.be'-':.-) __ -i 9. Customwork, machine hire and rental of maChinery and 

equlpment?- Include expendllures fa! use of equIpment and 

for ('us(omwork such as gnndrng and mixing feed, plowing, 

a. Automobiles combining, corn picking, drying, silo filling, spraying, 

b. Motortrucks (Include pickups) . .. 

c. Wheel tractors other than garden 

tractors and motor tillers. 

d. Grain and bean combines, self~ 

propeilld only 

e. Corn heads for combine •. 

f. Other corn pi cklf I and 

picker.shlill ...... 

,. Cotton plckors ucludln, .frlppl .. 

h. Mower condillonl .. 

I. Pickup bill" ... 

j. Flold fo",1 harvlltl", shl.r bar or flywhttl tYPI •...... 

FOr:;tM 7S-A!IA) 1&·23·781 

:1 

o 

-.! 

--, 

i_I 

[ ~ i 

944 945 

947 dusftng, felUlizing, etc. (Exclude cost of cotton ginning.) .. [~I 

~,------------t:-;-;;----------t~,.. Section 27 - WHAT IS YOUR BEST ESTIMATE OF THE 946 949 CURRENT MARKET VALUE OF THE LAND 

AND BUIUllNGS FOR THE (acres reported 

in section I, items I, 2, and 3) - 950 [ 951 

952 )53 

"4 955 

l. Land and buildings you ownl ..... 

EstImated current ~~~~et value 

of land and bui Idings 

Dollars Cents 

None 996 ;::: . :~:: : 

L~ I f;$=------**:8:B:~'-J 2. Land and buildings you r.nt.d or .. 7 ,:,: : : 

I •••• d FROM OTHERS? [-:1 ~_ f . : ~ .. rr-6------~~.~::::~.~.~ 

3. L.nd and bulldln,s you rent.d or [-I s :r<r:" 1s'9~56----------t9~577------------~ __ ~le~a~so~d~TO~0~T~H~E~R~S~I~.~.~.~.~.~'~.~.~.~.~.~.~. _._._._._.~._.~~~ ____________ ~~~~ 

Enumerator's signature \999 Date (Month/day) Yea I .5. 959 

.60 196" 

.62 963 

, Section 28 

029 

When the data have been tabulated, do you want a summary 

sheet showing major Census results for your county? 

I \=1 YES 2[1 NO 

Enumer.tor - Go '0 column 9 of the A3 Listing Shoo, and ask question. Be 

Instructions cootalned in the column headings. 

1978 

'0 follow ,he 
78·Al(A) REPORT FORMS 

PLEASE KEEP THIS SHEET AND THE STICKER 

UNTIL MARCH 1,1979 

In January 1979 you will probably receive from the Bureau of the Census a 

1978 Census of Agriculture report form 78·A 1 in the mail. IT WI LL NOT BE 

NECESSARY FOR YOU TO FILL OUT THAT FORM; you have already 

provided the needed information to our enumerator. 

The label below is a "signal" to us that you have provided the information. 

When the report form arrives, peel the label off this sheet and attach it to 

the form to the right of the address label already on the form. Please be 

sure not to cover the address label. Then return the form in the preaddressed 

envelope provided. If you should receive more than one report form, please 

return all forms with an address on them in the same envelope. 

I f you lose the sticker before the report form arrives (or if you receive more 

than one report form), write "COUNTED IN 1978" on the front of the report 

form and return it. If you do not receive a 1978 Census of Agriculture report 

form by March 1, 1979, you may discard this sheet and the label. 

THANK YOU for your cooperation and assistance in making the 

1978 Census of Agriculture a success. 

"tNS~ I HAVE BEEN 

@l '78 ~ ~ ~ COUNTED 

Name 

Address 

City I State IZIP code 

CENSUS ,I: t~ USE ONLY Segment 1 1 1 I I I I Line 01 1 1 FORM 78·A15 16-8-781 

133 
134 REPORT FORMS 78-A1(N) 

DUE BY FEBRUARY 15 1979 Form Approved· 0 M B No 41·S78025 

NOTICE Response to this Inquiry is requited by law (title 13, U.S. Code). By the same law YOUR REPORT TO FO"'" 18-Al(N) U.S. OEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

THE CENSUS BUREAU IS CONFIDENTIAL. It may be see. only by sworn Censu, employ ... and may be used ( ... ~to·tl!l) 

BUAEAU OF THE. CE.NSUS 

only 10r stahsttcal purposes, Your report CANNOT be used fm purposes of taxation, Inve$t1gation, Of regulation. 

(,s) The law also_Plovides that copies retalll<!d in your files are immune ~om lega' p'Qtess. 1918 CENSUS In co .... pond .... portalnlnl to ",I ... port, P .... ,.t., to III. 11-<11111 c ...... File Number (Cflt) 

OF 

AGRICUl TURE 

COMPLETE AHO RETURN TO) Buruu 01 tho Co.,u. 1201 Eut T ... th St ... t J.llor.onyWa, Indian. HU2 

Note'" Please read the Information Sheet before completing the form. 

If book figures ate not avaHable, reasonable Mtimates mBY be used, tf 

!~~~ t~ ~~ba~~v~a~~e~~~nc:~~t~d~u~ iir:i~ftteB!~~:ry\i~t ~~~~r (CFN) as shown In your aOCre .. label in all correspondence to us. 

If you received more than o-ne re.. I 

part form. enter Bxtra Cens.us File I II H I II I 

Number{s) here and retlll"n el(tra j I II H I II I cop~es with your comp leted report~ 

CEMSUS! 0'5 i~3e 097 0.8 

(Please cOrrect erro,.s in n8me. BdrJress, :and ZIP code~) 

USE 103• 1°40 1°4 ONLY I""" 

SECTION J ACREAGE IN 1978 Sections 2 through 8 proyide space for reporting crops harvested " tM ecrN you "".,.ted In 197' Chspgttd durIng the y.*, r ,fII.,. to tlte INSTRUCTIONS during 1.97B. Please report yoor crops in the appropriate section. INFORM/< TION SHEET, _.Ion 1. Do not include crops grown on land rented to others. Use section 8 

Report land owned, rented, or used by you, your spouse, or by the partnership, to report ONLY those crops NOT listed in sections 2 through 7. 

corporation, or organization for which you are reporting. Include ALL LAND, SECTION 2 'IIere any of the FOLLO'll1NG CROPS harvested from this place in 19181 REGARDLESS OF LOCATION OR USE - cropland, pasture land, 

rangeland, woodland, idle land, house lots, etc. Na .. Number of acres 

0.3 Acres Quantity Mrve,ted Acres 

I. All land owned ..•..........•......•.....•..••.••. 0 None harvested irrigated 

I. Field corn for grain or 067 { 068 Bu. r' 2. All land rented Of leased FROM OTHERS, including land worked by 

you on shares; used rent free, in exchange for services, payment seed (Report qvantity on ,----- OR ----

of ta~es, etc. Include leased Federal, state, and railroad land. 04' a sh<>lloo-wefgl11 basi.) ... 0 Cwt. 

(DO. NOT include land used on a per·OOad basis under a grazing 2. Field corn for silage 070 071 072 Tons, permit.) Also complete item 5 below •.............•.....• 0 or green chop ....... ··0 green 

3. All land rented or leased TO OTHERS, including land worked on 04S 073 07< 075 3. Wheat for grain ....••... 0 Bu. 

shares by others and land subleased. Also complete item 6 below. 0 4. Oats for grain ..••....• 0 076 077 078 

046 Bu. 

4. ACRES IN THIS PLACE - ADD acres owned (item 1) and 

5. Barley for grain ...••... 0 79 080 08 acres rented (item 2), then SUBTRACT acres rented TO Bu . 

OTHERS (item 3), and enter the result in this space, .. 082 i 083 

t Bu. 

Frx IhJII CM:lU_ rwport thNe Itre tIHJ HACRES IN THIS PLACE. II 6. Sorghums for grain or ,----- OR -----r' It tile entry is zero please f9f9r to the INFOR.MATION SHtET, ~tlOf) 1. seed (include milo) ..••. - 0 Lbs. 

7. Sorghums for si lage 085 086 087 

5 If you rented land FROM OTHERS (item 2) enter the following information for each landlord. Of green chop (exclude Tons, 

Name of landlord Mailint aCldr-ess (Include ZIP cooe-) N umber of acres sorghum-sudan crosses) . ··0 green 

0<7 8. Soybeans for beans •..•.. 0 088 089 0'0 Bu. 

9. Cotton .....•....••.• 0 091 092 093 048 Bales 

10. Tobacco - all types ..•.. Cl 09. , 095 095 

0" , /10 Lbs. , flO 

11. Irish potatoes ....•...•. 0 097 , 098 099 , List addflionB' /BfJdlordG Dfl a separate Sheet of pap@!. , 110 Cwt. , '10 

12. Sweetpotatoes and yams •.. 0 100 , 101 102 I S. If you rented land TO OTHERS (item 3), enter the following information for each renter. 110 Bu. 10 

Name of renter Mailing address (Include ZIP code) Numbtr 01 ~Gr'$ SECTION 3 Was any DRY HAY, GRASS SILAGE, HAYLAGE, or GREEft CHOP tilt 

oso or harvested from tlJl$lIlace in 19181 (Include 4OIfIIJurr>-- ......... and JWy cut /rom po.two .. , 

051 003 'OY ES - 0"",,1.'. 'hi. _II." 

052 2 0 NO - Go /0 secffon 4 

List f1Iidltional rente,.s on 8 3eparate sheet of paper. If cutflngs welB made f()( beth dry hay and grllS$ siJsge, hayJage. Of" 9reen chop from the 

same ffelda. report the- acloage In- too appropri~te items under DRY HA Y and ~Jso under 

a. Of the land you rented or leased to others, None 053 GRASS SILAGE, HAYLAG£. end GREEN CHOP. 

how many acres did you own? .........•... .. 0 ____ Acres • DRY HAY 

(If two or mOre cuttings of dry hay 'NfI.f6 Quantity harV8s1sd 

7. During 1978, did you have any Federal or made from tM same acres, report Bcres only Acres IR.porl .flMr dry Acres 

State graZIng permils on a per-head baSIS; 000151, but report total toms from all cuttings.) harvested or green weight Irrigated 

such as Forest $erYIce, Taylor Grazing, 054 1. Alfalfa and alfalfa mi~tures for as Indicated) 

, 03 104 Tons, lOS Indian Reservations, etc.? ..... ' ..... ............. 1 DYe. zONo hay or dehydrating . .. , ............ , dry 

2. Small grain hay - oats, Wheat, barley, etc. 

106 , 07 Tons, '08 8. How many set aSide acres did you haye None 055 dry in the Federal Farm Program in 197B? . ...... . , . . , CI Acres 3. Other tame dry hay, clover, lespedeza, ' 09 110 111 Tons, 

9. LOCATION OF AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY FOR THIS PLACE timothy, B€rmuda grass, Sudan grass, etc ••. dry 

4. Wild hay .........•.....•.... .... 112 113 Tons, ," a In what county was the County name State Number 01 acres ory 

largest yalue of your oss • GRASS 'SILAGE, HAYLAGE, AND 

agricultural products Principal GREEH CHOP 

raised 01 produced? . ... county -. (lr two or more cuttings 0' grass silage, 

057 haylage, or green chOp ~re marie from the 

b. If you also haye agricul- SBmS acres, report acres ooly once, bur 

Mal operations in any Other OS8 report total tans from all cuttIngs.) liS '" Tons, 117 

other county(ies), enter counties 5. Grass silage and haylage ........•..•. green 

Ihe county namels), etc .. 059 6. Hay crops cut and fed green (green chop) 118 119 Tons, 120 

.. green 

Page 1 
78-A1(N) REPORT FORMS 

SECTION 4 Was llIere a combined total of 20 or more FRUIT TREES, includillf! GRAPEVINES, CITRUS and NUT TREES ON THIS PLACE in 19787 (Do not Include abandoned trees) 

004 I 0 YES - Compl6tft Mia • .etlan 

20 NO - Go ta secti"" 5 Total aert'!s Acres Irrigated 

Whole acres Tenths Whole acres. Tenths 

1. TOTAL ACRES in bearing and nonbearing fruit orchards, citrus 

or other groves, vineyards, and nut treeS on this placA ........... . 12' '22 

/10 /10 

2. From the list at the right, enter name and code tor the fruit trees, grapevines, and nut trees on this place in 1978. Repert the 

requested information for each crop even if not harvested because of low prices, damage from hail, frost, etc. For interplanted 

trees, estimate the area covered by each kind of fruiL If other crops were interplanted with trees, see Information Sheet. 

Crop name Code 

NUMBER OF TREES OR VINES OF -

NOIlbeafing 

age 

Bearing 

age 

Acres In trees. 

and vines of atl ages 

Whole ,acres ITenths 

/10 

/10 

/10 

/10 

/10 

Quantity 

harvested 

Unit of meaS-llte Mark one 

• '0 zCJ 

'" LbS. 

~ per 

co hox. 

,5 3D, 

• ,5 

10 2 0 3 0' 

NOf(CITRU$ CROPS 

Apples ....•...•. Apricots •.•• , .•.. 

Avocados - ~e 

information ShfJet .• 

Cherries •.••..... 

Grapes - dry we ight 

Grapes - fresh weight 

Olives - See Information Sheet .. 

Peaches •..••.••• 

Pears. _ ..•...... Plums and prU1les - f(6sh weight •.••. 

Prunes - dry weight. 

Other norn;itrus ... 

Sp&cdy •••••. ..• 

Cod. CITRUS CI!OP5 

123 (Report quantity 129 ha(1Jf1stefi in 1fJn-78 

frOm bl",," at 19n) 

135 GrapefrUIt ......... . 1.7 Lemons.. . •...... 171 Oranges .......... . 177 Tangelos •..... _ .. . Tangerines and 207 mandarms ........ . 

ll~ Other citrus - Specify •• 

NUT CROP 

(Report quantity In 

the shell) Almonds .....•• _ ..• 

filberts and hazelnuts . Pecans, Improved ... _ Pecans, wild and seedling _ ..... 

WallUlts (EnglISh Of Persian~ .•..•... 

Othef nut trees -

$p~ify . •••• , •.. , . 

Code 

267 

279 

297 

303 

30jj 

315 

Code 

321 

327 

339 

~5 

351 

363 

SECTION 5 Were any VEGETABLES, SWEET CORN, MELONS, etc., harvested 

FOR SALE !rom this place In 19187 

SECTION 7 

007 

Were any STRAWBERR1ES, CRANBERRIES, or OTHER BERRiES harvested 

FOR SALE !rom this place in 1978? 005 

, DYES - C«rIf>Io" ",I. section \ DYES - C«rIf>I"othl • .. "tl ... 

2 D NO - Go to s",,/lOfi S 2 DNO -Gorosqctlona 

FOI Flo,fde, ,eport (01 Ssptembe, t, '977 through From the list below, enter crop naf1l€ and clOe. Repo,t quantity harveotoo In 

~t~~~6it;1~'~~t;:~:;~~:~:~rn~~~~~?8~ r-AA:;;c;;;r.;;;s--T~A:;;c;-;re;;;s1i;-;rr;;,g;;;a;;;t.;;:;d-1-::un:j::.r~spec~:lt~fed~"~i:'.th~c~,~op~name~':.' ______ ---'r-_____ -r_-,-__ ---,_,------J Acres harvested Acres Ifrigated 

I. Land from which vegetables were Whole acres :Teoth. ~~Ole ."es 'Teoths C,<>p name Code Wjtole acres ,Tenths Quantity har"ested Whole acres ,Tenths 

harvested in 1978 . . . . •. . . . . . . . . . . . • .. 375 ,/10 : /10 ,'2 I 

~~~~~~~~~Vl7~~~~~ ______ -t __ ~ ____ ~~/~10~ ______ +-______ ~1_~/~10~ 2. From the list below, enter the crop name and code fO! each crop harvested in 197B. : It more than one vegetab/& crop wss harvested from the same acres, (sport Bcres fO! 1 

each crop. Rf!p.orr orops grown under protect/on in $ection 6. I /10 /10 

CrOp name Code Acres harvested Acres irrigated /10 /10 

/10 /10 If more space is l16ede<i, use separate $treef.of pilp$r. 

C,.p..... C..... C.Op..... C ..... /10 , /10' /10 Blackberries and ~berri" (polHlds) 509 Raspberries (pounds). . . .. 533 , , /10 Blueberries, tame (pounds) .....•• 512 Strawberries (pounds) .... 536 

f----------------+--+------i--=+----t--.!..:.=-t Blueberries. wild tpounds) •.. • • •. $15 All other berries (pounds) - /10 ' '/10 Cranberries (lOG.lb. ber",ls) .••• " $21 SpecifY. . . . . • • . • • • •• 539 

, /10' : /10 SECTION 8 Were any OTHER CROPS barvested Irom this place in 1918 - rice, peanuts, 1----------------1--+----+, -"..:.:..[,,-----+-=-1 000 field seeds, SlIgar crops, or oliler crops not pn!\'iOUsly teIJOrtod? 

ff more space. Is ".eed«J~ use .separate .shoot 01 PfJIJer. 

Crop n.... C'"'- CrOjl nama Cod. 

Asparagus ...•.. ,.. 379 Cucumbers and pickle... 411 e •• ns, snap (bush Eggplant •..•.••...• 415 ana pole) ••.. . •• , 3&1 Garlic .••.•••.•..• 421 Beets. . . • . • . . . . • •• 383 fi""eydew melons .••• , ~3 

&occoli • . . . • . • • . .• 31S Lettuce and romaine. •. 427 Cabbage .•••.•••. ;. 391 Lima beans, green ••.• .2t 

Canta loups and Mustard greens ••...• , 431 Pe'rsian meton!. . • • •• 395 Onjonst dry. • . • . . • •. m 

g:~~~ .. w'.; :.:.:.;:: ::~-.~:;".~!':;:~;.;~:::::::-!i~ Celery. • . . • • • • . . •• 401 Peas., gr"n, including Colfards . . . . . . • . • •• 407 English (exclude Cowpea. (hlackeyed and green cowpeas) ..... 441 other green cowpea.).. 40, 

, 110 , /10 , DYES - ~I~t~ 1II1 •• oc./ ... 

Clep u... COik 2 0 NO - Go 10 sectl"" 9 

Peppersl sweet •• •• 443 Pepper •• hoI. • . • ....., From the list belw, enter cro~ name and code. Ropo" quantity M' .... too in Puftli>/<lns .,...... 449 ~nlt spocJ/led with (;tOp neme. 

~~~:~s. :::::::: :i~J----~c~ro-p-n-a-m-e--~~~-~-~-~--r~~~----.---------4 S~~~~ •••••••..• 4S9J-__ ~~~~ __ +_~C~OOO~~~A~cr~e~.~M~N~es~~~d~~Q~u~a~m~i~~~M~r~~s~t~~~A~c~'e~s~i~"3ig~a~t~~~ 

Sweet com .. . .. •• 461 \ 2 

Tomatoes • • • . . • .• 463 

Turnips .... , ..•.• 65 1---------f----+------f---------l-------1 

Turnip gre."" ..... .S7 

~~:;n:.~:t~bi .... ...: .• 473 1---------f----+------f---------l-------1 

Specify ......... 475 '2 

SECTION 6 Were any NURSERY and GREENHOllSE PRODUCTS, soo, bulbs, flowers, 

ftower seeds, vegelable seeds and planl$, vegetables undel Class Q! ntl\er 

protection, or MUSlfROOMS grown F OR SALE IHl this place in 1978? 00< 

, DYES - C_I~t. 1It1. ~'I ... 

2 D NO - Go to_tlon 7 Area irrlgllted 

Mooe Sq""re teet I A~res ,Tent". 

Product name Code 

It mOra $paCe /s neetktd~ use separate sheet of ~per. 

Ptoduct a.m. Cod. Ptoduct • ..,. Cotio Bedding plants (include vegetable plants) 41' Foliage and rJowerioi plants. • • • • . •. 491 eulbs •............•........ 482 Mushrooms............. • . • . .• 494 Cut flowers end cut tions! green •.... 4&5 Sod harvested •.•••• ,. •.••••.• 4" Nu".ry prodocts - e~vironm.nt.ls, V.getable and flower seeds •.•••••. 500 lIoiog ...... t .tock, fru,! and nut trees, Greenhouse vegetabl.. .•.• .••••• 503 and vll1es ..........•...•.•.. 411 Other - Specify • • • . . • • • • . • • • • •• 506 

FOAM 78-AIIN) 14.10-78) Page 2 

135 
136 REPORT FORMS 78-A1 (N) 

SECTION 9 GROSS VALUE of CROPS SOLO from this plact in 1978, BEFORE lues 

and expenses (Ro'" to In. INFORWt TICH SHEET, s..llon 9,/ 

SECTION 12 Old yo~ 01 anyone else have any CAliLE 01 CALVES on this place in 19787 

Report your best estimate of the value for each of the following groups of crops 

sold from this place in 1978. Include the value of the landlord's andlor contractor's 

012 'OY ES - Camploto ",I ... "tlOIt 

2 0 NO - Go to sootion 13 

share, estimating If necessary. Include value of Government CCC loans. • DECEMBER 31,1918 INVENTORY None PI'~'~";~£ ~£~:h;;78 ~1.~03------~~TrO~I~a711~ I. Grains sold in 1978, includmg Government CCC loans - NOM '---0-0111-.,,--"-11- C.n ...... t. 1. CATTLE AND CALVES of all ages 

corn for grain, grain sorghums, rice, wheat and other ,,6 I (Total 01 .. b. c, and d beloW) ..•••.••.....•. [j 

a. BEEF COWS - Include beef neller. Ih.t 

had calved .. . . • • . • .. . . .. . .. . .. .. .... 0 

small grains, soybeans, dry be;:ns, dry peas and cowpeas, : 

flaxseed, sunflower ~ed, popcorn, and safflow~r •...•.• 0 $ I 

3. Of the total, how much was None, [ I~;= DO~III ="'~jl==I: 1'1::1:::::1:::::::"1::::::::1::::::1""1:::;:"1 received in 1978 from I ~::::::::;i:~::::::;;:i:' :' 

Government CCC loans? ..• l-:-I s I : ". c. HEIFERS AND HEIFER CALVES - £.clude 

heif&rs that had calved .•.•.. , .•.. , • • . • •. D 2. Cation and cottonseed, including 

Government CCC loans .•..•...•...•.•.•••••.•• 

recpived in 1978 from . -- ~;::::::::;<;:: 

d. STEERS, STEER CALVES, BULLS 

AND BULL CALVES ••.................. 0 

1.04 

.06 

aRes 

cows 

Milk cows 

Steers and bulls of 

all ages I. Of the total, how much was Non.lt:,,~o~DoI~lar$=j~=IIII~::IIII·· Government eee loans? • " 0 $ I .:: : ;' ,: 

3. Tobacco ..•..•..•.....•..•....•.•••.••..• 

• CATILE AND CALVES SOLO 

FROM THIS PLACE IN 1978 Number sold Gress value or sales 

4. Field seeds, grass seeds, hay, forage, and silage ••••.• 

ittclucJe those fed on this pl{Joo on B 

oontract or custom t!isJ..s. AJso report 

a~ 8.0101 CBtt/& moved from t/')/$ p(Bc9 

to S tBed/ot for further feeding, 

None ~..:i;.;n.:.197::.:.8_+-_~Dnl~llars~-! • ..:!! Cen~1$ 

5. Vegetables, sweet cOln,and melons-DO NOTlncllKfelrlsh 

potatoes Of SlW6tpotatoes, report them In Item 8 below. •• 

6. Fruits, nuts, berries - apples, peaches, grapes, 

I 

2. Calves weighing less than 500 pounds •• 0 

citrus, pecans, strawberries, etc •...•.....•.••..•. f------...I.... '_ ..... 3. Cattie, including calves weighing : 500 pounds or mole ..•...••.....• , 0 7. Nursery and greenhouse products •••.••.•••.•.•.•• 

8. Other crops - peanuts, Irish potatoes, sweetpotatoes, 

sugar beets, sugarcane, mint 

for oil, hops, etc. - 5p<>clty 

SECTION 10 LAND USE IN 1978 

a. Of the total cattle sold, how many 

were FATTENED on this place on GRAIN or CONCENTRATES for 30 days or more 

and SOLD for SLAUGHTER? . . . .• •. 0 

1. Copy ACRES IN THIS PLACE frQm section 1, item 4, page 1. . . . . . Acros· DAIRY PRODUCTS SOLD FROM THIS PlACE IN 1978 

NOTE: If the same land had more than one use in 1978, REPORT THAT LAND 

ONLY ONCE - in the use first listed below that applies. For example, cropland 4. Gross value of sales of DAIRY PRODUCTS 

I 

• 0. .0 • I 

I 

I 

$ I 

I· I 

I 

$ I 

I 

I ." ." I 

I 

I 

$ I 

Gros. v.t~ of •• Ie, 

harvested and also pastured is to be reported only as "Cropland harvested." from tills place in 1978. Report goal "airy I 

2. CROPLAND None[lN~um~b~~~r'~~'~a~er;eisj~M~od.~.t.'~Jn.~ __ cr.lo.n_'_5 •.•.•. '.'.'.'.'.'_·'_'.'.'_'.'.· __ []~~S~~ ____ ~~I~~~ __ -1 a. Cropland harvested - Include all land lrom which c'ops ...... 7.7 SECTION 13 Did you or anyone else have $Iy HOGS Of PIGS on Ibis place In 19781 harvested or hll'y WitS cut, and a/l 18ftd j(J orch8.rt;Js. citrus groves~ 013 0 YES vlneyafds, and nursery arnJ greenhollse products. ~ •••...••.• 0 f------I I .... Cotnplt". thl' tfHJlIon 

b. Cropland used ooly for pasture or grazing - Include rotal/on 

pastU!6 and graZing fand that could have boon used for crops 

7 •• 20 NO - Go '0 sea,IQrl14 

• DECEMBER 31, 1918 INVENTORY ." wfrhout addiflonel ImprovsfTI8nts • .••..••.••••• > • • • • •• [] f------I 

c. Cropland used for cover crops, legumes, and soil·improvement 7., 1. HOGS and PIGS of all ages (Totel of a ond b ""'ow) . .••.••• 

grasses, but NOT harvested and NOT pastured ............ [] '-::::::-----1 

[] f-=,~ ______ To_t_al __ ; 

o .'6 r 3. HOGS and PiGS used or to be used for BREEDING •....•• d. Cropland on which all crops failed (Excepl/on; Do /tOt ,eport 790 

~~~~ 1:C%~eO~~hta;c::e '7'e::';':J~a;~;:: 2V::/~h. ~h~ .c~;. f~/:~~ .... 0 b~ OTHER HOGS and PIGS v •••• , •••• , ••••••••••••• 

[] f.c79~I-------1 • UTIERS FARROWED 

o . 8" 

e. Cropland in cultivated summer fallow ..........•......• 

f. Cropl and Idle. , • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . •. . .... [] 793 

794 

end Um""r Iracts and Gutov.r a. Woodland pastured ..... [] f-=,c-:----~ and defoffJsted ItPld wIth '1oong 795 

lim"'" growlh. b. Woodland not pastured,. 0 

2. LITTERS FARROWED on this place betweena. December I, 1977 and May 31, 1978 ........ . 

None Number o( 11« .. " 

o .,. 

.19 

h. June I, 1978 and November 30, 1978 ....... " 0 L ____ _ 

Breeding 

Olher 

3. Woodland - Include e/l woodrot. { 

4. Other pistureland and rangeland - Include any pastu'ol""d olhe' 796 None Number $old Gross varu< of '&.IU 

Ihan cropland ""d woodlatld pas lure ...••.......•...••..• 0 f-::.:c:-----I • HOGS AND PIGS SOLO in 1978 OoI1~r$ :Cen\S 

5. All other land - Land in house lots, ponds, roads, w~steland, etc. 797 .20 I .2 I 

Incrude any lend not repo,ted In ilems 2 th,ough 4 abov •. ....•.. [] 3. HOGS and PIGS SOLO from this place in 1978 0 $ : 

6. TOTAL ACRES - Arid lito ocr •• roptlTlod In 1_. 2 through 5 ... 79=.------..... 4.01 the nags and pigs sold, how many wer~ SOldO 1. 22 823 : 

(Should" tho.ame •• ltom 1 ol>ov •• ) . as FEEDER PIGS for further feeding? ..•.. $ I 

SECTION 11 Was any LAND In this place IRRIGATED at any time In 1978? SECTION 14 Old you Of anyone else have lny SHEEP or LAMBS on this place in 19181 

'"JgfJtftd land Is aJl land wafered by My STUrkie/ or controlled means -

spf{nklers, furrows Of dftch@s. spreader dikes, etc, Include svpplementa/. 

partifl/. and preplant irrigation. 

011, 0 YES - CompJ.t. thla Iftct'on 

20 NO - 00 10 section 1'2 

01. 10 YES - C_'oto thI • • oatlon 

20 NO - Go to seeil"" 15 

1. HoI'! many acres of each 01 the follcwing claSSifications 

of land were Irrigated In 19787 

a. HARVESTED LAND reported in section 10, 

Item 2a - Include lend 'rom which flay was cui 

NORa NUmi~~{g~~e~rres f.=~ ___ -Il. SHEEP and LAMBS of all ages ...... . 

79" 

and land In bfJ8.llng and non06arlng flul' and nut GlopS. . . . . .. Cl f-::.:c:------I 

b. PASTURELAND or RANGELAND rep~rted in 1.00 

a. EWES 1 yeal old or older .... 

None I Number snoln I Pou~t!;:. mol I 

section 10, items 2b and 4 - Include spring flooding 

If waler d{vartlJd Of spread by dams, spreader dl#f66. 

canS/5, dltchos, pipes, O( other WOlks.. . .....•. r•

n l·U j . ...... 0 !-""'~ ____ --I2. SHEEP and LAMBS SHORN ........ 0 L.-_______ .L... ______ --' 

c. ANY OTHER LANDS - Such as land not harvested due to .0' 

Gross value of sales None Dolla,. : Cents 

I 

: 

complete failure, Idle land, land in cultivated summer fallow, or land In cover crops and soil-improvement grasses ......... [] 1... .... ______ ..... '802 13. What was the gross value of sales of Sheep, 

d. TOTAL LAND IRRIGATED (TQ/oJ of .. b, _ •• 1>0 ••• ) lambs, and wool from this place in 1978? .•.. o ~29 

Page 3 
78-A1(N) REPORT FORMS 137 

SECTION 15 Did you or anyone else have any HORSES, BEES, FISH, OTHER SECTION 17 Income Irom MACHINE WORK, CUSTOMWORK, and OTHER AGRI LTURAL 

LIVESTOCK, or ANIMAL SPECIAL TIES in 1978? SERVICES PROVIDED lor others in 1978 

015 

10 YES - Campi.,,, None I Dollars : Cents this lJ"ctlon Tolal amount received from machine work, cuslomwork, 

20 NO - Go to section 16 and other agncultural services PROVIDED FOR OTHERS \' I 

I~VENTORY In 1978 - planting, plowing, spraying, harvesting, etc .. CJ II 

Tota I number Gross value of sales 

Deci;;fla~i76 sold in 1978 None Dollars : Cents Specify kind of work done 

1. Horses and poni es of B,O B3I 83' SECTION 18 During 1978 did you SELL any crops, livestock, or livestock producls 

all ages ...... ... ••• o' [:1 I OIRECTL Y to individuals FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION - roadside 

2. Mules, burros, and B33 B'4 B35 stands, larmers markets, pick your own, etc.? 

donkeys .......... .... [J I I 018 lOY ES - Complete this SKtlon r ~ : Cents B'6 1

8

" 8'8 'ONO - Go to secrton 19 

..... r I 

3. Mink and theil pelts .. .... Cl $ I 

B6' I:::::::::::::::::::;::::::::::: :::{":':':,'{::<I<::< 1. What was the gross value of these direct sales' .... I 

a. Mink lemales used for I::::::?::?::,:.,., breedi ng .......... .. C.I k"::.'.'",·:.{/:!:{{{. 4. Other livestock or animal I Specify products sold vegetables, eggs, etc. 

I 

specialties In captivity I SECTION 19 TYPE OF ORGANIZATION 

(Enter name and code from I 

"List A" below.) I Mark IXI the one dem which best descflbes the type of organization for thiS place In 1978. 

1 , I Refet to the INFORMATION SHEET, Sect/on 19. I 

Name Code $ I .FAMILY or INDIVIDUAL operation Isole propfle· ., 1 

Acres under wa ter Total quantity sold Gross value of sales torshlp), excluding partnership and corporation .. . ... •• 1 ~~ j 922 5. Livestock or animal tor aquaculture in 1978 Dollars :C~nts • PARTNERSHIP operation. Include family partnerships ... 2;:-' Tota I number products (Enter name and 

code from "List a" below.) 

:i::. ): & .:: ... I .INCORPORATED UNOER STATE LAW of partners --- Pounds I I 

Name Code ___ OR _____ 

~$ I Answer ao TH • and b 

{' i~1 Yes \::: 7: \/.: , I a. Is thiS a lamily held corporation? I ....... .. 4CINo --- .'. Gallons I 

6. Fish and other aquaculture I I I ... {5 CI Yes products (Enter name and I 2 I b. Are there more than 10 stockholders' .... 

code fran "Llsl C" below.) I Pounds I 6 CJ No I j3--- OR----- ~$ I .OTHER, such as cooperative, estate or trust, pflson Code I I Name ••••• 7 [J Specify I 110 I farm, grazing association, Indian reservation, etc. I Number I 

-- SECTION 20 CHARACTERISTICS AND OCCUPATION OF OPERATOR (Senior partner 

, ~ " or person in charge) Refer to the INFORMA TlON SHEET, S..ct/on 20. 

Name Cod. Name Code Name Cod. Colonies of bees. 839 Other goats ... . 848 Worms ......... , . 857 11. RESIDENCE - Does the operator (senior paltner or 923 

Angora goats 842 Rabbits and their pe'it's' 851 An other livestock - person in chargellive on thiS place' .............. '0 Yes '[l No Mi Ik goats 845 Chinchi !las and their pel'ts : . 854 Specify . . , .... , . 860 924 

, ~ , , [iliill , 

C"" Name Cod. Name Cod. Name Code 2 CI Negro or Black 

Mohair sold ,. 864 Catfish. 872 Other fish - 30 Amencan Indian 

Goats milk sold, 866 Trout, . 876 Specify &84 12. RACE 01 operator (senior partner or person In charge), . • 0 ASian or Pacific Islander Honey sold .... ' .. , .. 868 Tropical a~d' Other aquac~,ture Other I ivestock products - baitfish. 880 products - • 0 Other - SpeCIIY.,i 

Specify. 870 Specdy 888 - If more space is needed, use separate sheef of paper 

SECTION 16 Did you or anyone else have any POULTRY such as CHICKENS, TURKEYS, 

DUCKS, etc., on this place in 1978? (Include poultry grown for oth"'~ on a 13. AGE of operator (senior partner or person in charge) ..• '~ Years old 

contract basis.) 

01. 14. SEX 01 operator (senior partner or person In charge) ... ':6 r [] Male 

lOY ES - Campl.t. this ~8ctlon IN~~~~~ORY '0 Female Total number 

20 NO - Go to section 17 Dec'

\j\978 sold in 1978 15. SPANISH ORIGIN - Is the operator (senior partner None 

B92 re·' or person In charge) 01 Spanrsh ongln or descent .27 

HENS and PULLETS 01 laYing age ... ... ' .... , . .. U (Mexican, Mexican American, Cuban, or other Spanrshl' ... '0 Yes '0 No 

12. PULLETS 3 months old or older not yet of laYing age. 

18•4 I B'S 16. PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION - At which occupation 

.. [I did the operator spend the majoflty (50 percent or lB •• 189' more) of hiS work time In 1978' Fo' p",'ne<ships 92B 

3. PULLET CHICKS and PULLETS under 3 months old consider all members of the partnership together • ....•. 1 [] Farming 2 C.l Other (Exclude commercial broilers.) ................. [J 

14. BROILERS, fryers, and other meat type chickens, B.B 899 • OFF FARM WORK - How many days did the operator .29 

Including capons and roasters ..... , .......... .. [I ",,'"' "rt", "' ","00 '" ,",,,, .". " '",' {' [l """ 

15. TURKEYS '00 .01 4 hours per day 011 this place in 1978' Include wo,1< '[J 1-49 days 

~~:c~;;a;;C~a:,;9~Uf~r:S:~r~~)o~ ~~.o~~ ~J~~'.S.f~r.m:.. 3 C] 50-99 days a. Turkeys for slaughter IExclude b,eooe<s.) ....... .. [l , ICll 00-149 days 

1

902 '0, s [] 150-199 days b. Turkey HENS kept lor breeding ..... . ..... .. . . CI 6 [] 200 days or more 16. OTHER POULTRY raised in capltvity - ducks, geese, 

pigeons or squab, pheasants, quail, etc. (En'., poull,y 

name and code from the list belOW.) SECTION 21 Was any 01 the land in this place held under FOREIGN OWNERSHIP in 1978? I 10 YES - Compl8t~ this S8Ctlon 

Poultry name Code 

I 2oNO } 3 D Don't Go to section 28 

Poultry name Code None Acres know 

Name Code Name Code Name Code 01 the total acres In thiS place, how many were owned by - 30 

Ducks, 904 Pigeons or squab. ' 908 Quatl . .., .... 912 Geese, 906 Pheasants 910 All other poultry - 1. Individuals who are NOT citizens of the Untted States' .... I~J 

Specify, . 914 2. A 10lelgn held,rC~r,~~~~ilon or unincorporated '3' 

17. POULTRY HATCHED on thiS place In Number association, or a "gn government' ................ II 

1978 and placed or sold - chickens, None SECTIONS 22 - 27 Not applicable to this lorm 1916 turkeys, ducks, etc. - Specify k,nd of poultry [I SECTION 28 PERSON COMPLETING THIS REPORT - Pl •••• p<lnt 

8. Incubator egg capacity on December 31,1978 .... ....... [-I I Name \999 Date 

9. What was the gross value 01 sales 01 poultry Gross value of sales and poultry products (eggs, etc.) from thiS 1 Telephone • lArea~ I Number 

place In 1978? Include estimated value of None Doliars I Cents 

poultry and poultry products moved from this 1918 I When the 029 place by cOntractors and others. .......... 0 1$ sheet sho~inR;,;-~i~r- census results forvour cou~tyi ., •. 10 YES ,0 NO FORM 18'AI,NJ (4,10·78) Page 4 
138 REPORT FORMS 

(Sections 22 through 27 were collected from only 20 percent of the farms; see text) 

SECTION 22 'IIa~ any COMMERCIAL FERTILIZER, intilidine ROCK PHOSPHATE, Of 

LIME used on this place during 1978? 022 

'OY ES - Complote 1IrJ. _Jon 

2 0 NO - Go to section 23 

A.cres ferti fi zed 

SECTION 25 

Include expenditure$ paid by YOu 

and othe.rs for proc;lUC{IOfl of crops, 

livestock, and other agricultural 1-----,---; 

products from this place 

In 1978. 

l. Acres of cropland ferti "zed in 1978, other than cropland 

used only for pastures reported in section 10, ilem 2b •.••.•.. 1. Gaso line for farm busmess 

r..,-,-------t2. Diesel fuel for the farm 

2. Acres of pasturelann and rangeland fertilized business .•.•..•..•.•• 

in 1978 reported In sechon \0, Items 2b and 4 ............ . L.-------t 3. LP gas, butane, propane for 

the farm business (4.5 Ibs .• 

3. LIME - tons of lime used and acres on None t;;-;--;-'-'==--f-;::-;;-:'='--"==-t 1 galion) •......•.••.. whIch applied (Do not inclu<1a land plaster 

N gypsum 0' JII'" to! son,18tio •. ) .••••••• 0 4. Fuel oil for the farm business 0 

i-S-E-CT-I-O-N -23--W-er-e-an-y-IN-S-E-CT-I-CI-O-ES-, -HE-R-S-IC-'10:O;;;es;;..l.., FU-N-GI-Cl-D-E-S,-H-E ..... MA-T-IC-I-OE-S-, --f S. Natural gas for the farm 

OTHER PESTICIDES, or OTHER CHEMICALS used on this plate in 19781 busil!ess ....•..•..•.• 

023 

lOY ES - CompJ.19 tIIJ •• ocll"" 

2 D NO - 00 to section 24 

Include any materials provided by you, your landlords, or contractors. For each 

Item listed, leport acres only once. If multrpurpose chemicals were used, report 

acreage Irealed for each purpose. 

1. Sprays, dusts, granules, fumigants, etc" (fungiCide, 

herbicrde, insecticide, nematicide) to control -

a. Insects on h<ly and other crops ............ , • . . . . .. [] 1':-::::------1 

937 

b. Nematodes in crops ...• , .•.........•.... , ..•.. Cl 10;;;-----.... 

6. Kerosene, moto! oil, grease, 

for the farm business •.••• 

7. ElectriCity for the farm 

business ••.••..••.••• 

8. Other - coal, wood,coke, etc. 

SECTION 26 

Include your best estimates of expanses paid by you, y~ur landlord, contractors, 

buyers, and othels for productioo of CfllpS, livestock, and lither agricultural 

products in 197&. DO NOT INCLUOE expenses connected with plllfomting 

custcmwDrk for others: operation of nonfarm actiyities, businesses, or services: or household expenses Mt related to tile farm business. 

1. livestock and poultry purchased - cattle, calves, c. Diseases in crops and orchards (blighls, smuts, hogs, pigs, sheep, lambs, goats, horses, chicks, 

rusts, etc.) . , . , , ..•.• , ..•..•..••..•.••..•.•• 0 poults, siarted pullets, etc .••.••.•...••.••..•••••••. 

d. Weeds, grass, or brush in crops and pasture ...•.....••• Cl bc"""'------ll-. Total feed purchased for livestock aed poultry - grain, 

hay, silage, mixed feeds, concentrates, etc .•• , .•..• ' •••.• 

2. Chemicals for defoliation or for growth control 

of crops or thinning of fruit ..... , .•..••..•.••..•.• , 0 ...... _____ -1 

3. Were any chern Ica Is used for -

SECTION 24 

1. Whal is the estimated market value of ALL machinery, 

equipment, and Implements usually kept on Ihis place 

arJ used for the farm or ranch business? IncIU<l. cors, trUCkS, tractors, r;ombines. plcws, djs}i,~1 flarlows. dfyers, 

pumps, motors, 1m gallon equlpfflfJnt. dairy equipmBrrt 

including milk.ers and bulk ti3.nkS, Jj)l8stack teedefs. 

grrntiing and mixing 6QUJpmtJnt, e.tc . ••••••• ~ •••.•••• ~ • 

• SELECTED machinery IIIId eilllipmen! 011 

this place, December 31, 1978. (R_I 

only If UJJ" In 1sn or 1978.' 

~20No 

a, Commercially mixed formula feeds purchasedcomplete, supplement, concentrates. 

(Do not Incluce r--.,---,------,.--

ingredients pur~hss$d 

~eparatef y, suo'" as $:oybean mesl, 

COtrQll6~ me8.i, 

8na IJI .... ). , •••• , 

3. Mimal health costs for livestock aod poultry. Ino/we veterinarian servJC6B~ sarUtns, vacr;Jnes, medicjnes~ etc • .••.•• 

(2) Worked less than 150 days? ••••• 0 '--____ ~ 

8. Contract labol - Jnclude ~,pf",dllu", primarily tor r.bor, suoh 

as- hatv6sting of fruit, vegetables. ~ftt-as, etc ... ()fJrformed on. a cofftl'act 1:>8$ls by a GQntractor, crew leSd&r, If cOOpfuativfI. etc ••• 

None 6.,------\=,...-'---'--f9. Customwork, machine hire and rental of machinery and 

2. Au!omobile~ • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0 

3. Motortrucks (Jnclude pickups) ... CJ 

4. Wheel tractors other than garden 

tractors and motor Iillers . 0 

S. Grain and bean comblOes, 

self·propelled only. , . . . . . . .. U 

6. Corn heads for combines CJ 

7. Other corn pickers and picker'shellers ., [J 

8. Cotton pickers IEKcrude collon strippers) l.J 

9. Mower conditioners ....... , ..•... U 

10. Pickup balers .........•. CJ 

11. Field forage harvestels, shear 

bar or flywheel type . . . . . . . . .. U 

eQuipment - Inolude &xpendltures 'OF USB of equipn'Hlrtt and lor Such 8$: grinding and ml)t/ng le8d~ plOWing, 

dry/ltg, silo filling, $ptaying, 

(£xctlJde cost of cotton gitm,UJgJ ••••• 

Please give your bast ESTIMATE of the CURRENT 

MARKET VALUE of land and buildings fO( the acres 

reported in section 1, items I, Z, and 3, page 1. 

f------+:-.,.-----.... J. All land owood •••..••••..••.••..••.••.• 

962 963 

Z. All land rented or leased FROM OTHERS •...• ,. 

rented or leased TO OTHERS .•••.•• ,. 

78-A1 (S) 
78·A 1 (I) 

'DAM 78·/0. 1(1) (11_17_7&) 

GENERAL INFORMATION 

WE NEED A COMPLETED REPORT FORM 

FROM EVERYONE receiving this request. Please 

follow the instructions given below for completing 

section 1. You wilt then be able to determine 

what additional information is to be provided. 

1. The enclosed census report form is being used 

by farms and ranches throughout the entire 

United States. Because it is meant tor use In 

all parts of the country, it may contain sections 

and inquiries which do not apply to you. In 

this case, mark the "None" or "No" box and 

go on to the next item or section. 

2. If You Receive More Than One Report Form 

If you have multiple farming operations, you 

should complete a report for EACH SEPARATE 

and DISTINCT production unit. that is, each 

indi ... idual farm, ranch, feedlot, greenhouse, 

etc.; or combination of farms, etc., for which 

you maintain SEPARATE records of operating 

expenses and sales, li ... estock and other inven· 

tories, crop acreages, and production. Return 

any duplicate or extra report forms in the same 

en ... elope with the report(s) you complete so 

we can remo ... e the extra addresses from our 

mail register. In the space pro ... lded to the 

right of the address label of the report form 

you complete, write the 11-digit number from 

the label of the extra form or forms. 

3. Partnership Operations 

A partnership is an association of two or more 

persons who ha ... e agreed (informally or under 

legal contract) on the amount of their contri· 

butions and profit distributions. 

Complete only ONE report for the entire 

partnership farm and ranch oreration, including 

all partners' shares on the same report. 11 two 

or more report forms were recei ... ed for the 

partnership see 2 abo ... e 

Partners who also ha ... e separate operations 

of their own should complete reports for those 

separate operations. For addltionallOformation 

on Partnerships see section 19 below. 

4. How To Enter Your Responses On The Report 

Form 

Please enter your answers in the proper spaces, 

on the correct lines, and in the units requested, 

i.e., dollars, bushels, tons, etc. Write any 

explanation outside the answer spaces or on a 

separate sheet of paper. 

Enter whole numbers unless the "Tenths" 

column is pro ... ided, such as reporting acres of 

IrISh potatoes in section 2. It you ha ... e 1/2, 

1/4, or 1/3 of an acre, con .... ert to tenths. For 

example con ... ert 1/2 to 5110, 1/3 to 3110, 

1/4 to 2110, etc. 

If you do not recall exact figures, please give 

your best estimate. You may Indicate "Est." 

(for estimated) beside the answer, if you like. 

For all dollar items, we need only whole 

dollars, although a "Cents" column is pro ... lded 

for those who wish to report cents. 

COMPLETING THE REPORT FORM 

Section 1 - ACREAGE IN 1978 

This section determines the land for whIch you 

should report agricultural acti ... ities. It also pro· 

... ides space for reporting landlords, renters, and 

location(s) of agricultural acti ... ities. 

Changes in the Acres Operated in 1978 - Report 

all land that YOU. USED during 1978, and the 

crops and li ... estock production on that land, e ... en 

if some or all of it was no longer a part of your 

operation on December 31, 1978. 

If you had agriculture operations at any time 

dUring 1978, but Quit farmingbefore December 31, 

1978, report your 1978 crop and li ... estock pro· 

duction and sales from that land for the portion 

of the year that you operated the land. Please 

explain in the margin of the report form (or on 

a separate sheet of paper) that you qUit farming 

or ranching during 1978 and gi ... e the approximate 

date an':! the name and address of the present 

operator, if known. 

REPORT FORMS 

INFORMATION SHEET 

1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE 

If you acquired land for agricultural operatio.ns, 

but did not use it for II ... estock or crop production 

in 1978, Include the land in section 1. Please 

explain in the margin or on a separate sheet of 

paper. 

Completing Items 1, 2, 3, and 4 of Section 1 -

Use items 1, 2, and 3 to determine the acres of 

land that are your responsibility for the purpose 

of making the agriculture census report. Inc/ude 

all land that you were associated with in 1978, 

regardless of location or use, but do not include 

holdings of residential property not associated 

with agricultural operations. Report all land in 

whole acres In this section. 

Item 1 - Land Owned - Report all land owned In 

1978 whether held under title, purchase contract 

or mortgage, homestead law, or as heir or trustee 

of an undi ... ided estate, by you and/or your spouse, 

or by the partnership, corporation, or organl!atlOn 

for which you are reportIng. 

Item 2 ..: Land Rented or Leased F ROM Others -

Report all land rented by you, e ... en though the 

landlord may ha ... e supplied equipment, fertilizer, 

or other materials and/or some super ... ision of the 

work. 

INCLUDE In item 2 ~ 

a. Land ltor agricultural uses) that you rented 

F ROM others for cash payments 

b. Land worked on a share bam 

c. Land (owned by someone else) which you 

used rent· free 

d. Federal, State, Indian, or railroad land 

rented or leased by the acre 

DO NOT INCLUDE in Item 2 ~ Land used on a 

per·head or animal unit license or permit basis, 

such as land used under section 3 of the Taylor 

Grazing Act, National Forest Land, or Indian 

Reser ... ation Permit Land. 

Item 3 - Land Rented TO OTHERS - Cash 

tenants, share tenants, and share croppers are 

farm operators for census purposes and are respon· 

Sible for making the agriculture census report for 

the land they operate. 

INCLUDE In item 3 -

a. Owned land rented TO others for cash or 

a share of the crops or It ... estock 

b. Land which you rented from others and 

then subleased to others In 1978 

c. Land rented out for residential or other 

nonfarm purposes, if It was part of the 

land reported in Item 1 or 2 

d. Land worked tor you by someone else on 

a share·of-crop basis 

e. Land which you allowed others to use rent· 

free 

NOTE: Please enter the names and addresses of 

renters, tenants, and sharecroppers in item 6 

Item 4 - Acres in this Place - Th;s IS the sum of 

the land that you owned 10 1978 (item 1), PLUS 

the land that you rented FROM others (item 2), 

MINUS the land that you rented TO others (item 

3). It IS ... ery Important that you report thiS 

figure correctly (e ... en if "0" acres), since the 

remainder of your report should co ... er only those 

operatIons on "the Acres 10 This Place" reponed 

in item 4. 

"Zero Acres in Place" - Should you complete the 

rest of this form? 

If you yourself had crop or Ii ... estock acti ... itles on 

the land for any portion of the year, you should 

complete the rest of the form. See "Changes In 

Acres Operated In 1978," abo ... e. 

If all your land was operated by a renter or share. 

cropper for all of 1978, you do not ha ... e to 

complete the entire form. In this case, you 

should' 

a. Complete item 6 for renter. 

b. Skip to section 28 and complete Name, 

Address, Telephone number, etc. 

c. Explain briefly in the margin or on separate 

:Japer that you did not operate a farm or 

ranch In 1978. For example, "All land 

rented out," "Sold Farm," "Retired," 

etc., and gi ... e the approximate date that 

u.s. OEP"'ATMENT OF" COI,4MERCE 

eUREAu 0'" THE CENSUS 

you QUit operating. If you sold your farm, 

please gi ... e the name and address of current 

owner or operator, if known. 

d. Mail the form in the return en ... elope pro ... lded. 

Item 7 - Grazing Permits - In some States, 

go ... ernment lands and Indian lands are used 

for grazing li ... estock under permit or special 

license, with payments on a per·head or animal 

unit basis. This land should NOT be Included 

as part of item 2, "Land rented or leased FROM 

others," or item 4, "Total Acres in This Place." 

But you should include in your report any h ... e· 

stock located on permit land In 1978. 

Sections 2-8 - CROPS 

Sections 2 through 8 provide space for reporting 

crops har ... ested dUring the 1978 crop year from 

the land shown in section 1, item 4, of your report. 

Please report your crops In the appropriate section. 

Do not include any crops grown on land rented, 

leased, or worked on shares by others during 1978. 

Acres Harvested - Enter the acres har ... ested in 

1978. Round fractions to whole acres except 

where tenths are requested, as for Irish potatoes. 

Quantity Harvested - The units of measure on the 

report form are those most commonly used 

throughout the country. If you use a different 

unit of measure, please con ... ert your figure for 

QuantIty har ... ested to the unit requested. If 

har ... est is incomplete by December 31, 1978, 

please estImate the total Quantity har ... ested. 

Crop Irrigation - For each crop irrigated, report 

number of acres irrigated Irrigation IS defined 

as land watered by artificial or controlled means -

sprinklers, furrows or ditches, spreader dikes, 

purposeful flooding, etc. Include acres that 

receIved supplemental, partial, and preplant 

irrigation. For any crop not Irrigated, lea ... e 

"Acres Irrigated" blank. 

How to Report Crops Har ... ested 

a. Sections 2 and 3 - In these two sectiOns, 

separate lines are pro ... lded for reporting each 

of se ... eral crops widely grown in the United 

States. Do not write in data for any other 

crops. 

b. Sections 4-8 - In each of these sections. 

report any of the crops listed in the same 

section. To report a crop in any of these 

sections, (1) find the crop name and the code 

number in the list In the section; (21 enter 

crop name and code In the first two columns 

of the first a ... ailable answer flne In the.section; 

(3) enter the informatIon requested In the 

headings of the remaining columns. 

Example: A farmer har ... ested 20 acres of alfalfa 

seed, Yielding 6,000 pounds, and 30 acres of 

red clo ... er seed, Yielding 8,400 pounds (He 

dId not irflgate eIther crop.) He would enter 

the follOWing In section 8: 

~€ClIC*' .... "', QT~ER CAO~ 1> .... 11<1 11 ... 111" ~u.;.," I~II • " .. 1 .... ,,,10 

• 1 .. 101 w"", "'I. t''''" ,,~"' .. t'_"'" 1In., ..... ll ,~por1l<1, 

.~ .. ~ ... - - _..,... .. . 

0.11'+ /JbJ :';'y~:' .. ;~"" . ~",:::;; .. " .. 1!~~I~'7l.Jo t~ .. 

II more space IS nee-ded. use separate sh(,e'l 01 paper 

Two or More Crops Harvested From The Same 

Land (Double·Cropping) - Report the total 

acres and production of each har ... ested crop In 

the appropriate sectIOn of the report form. 

Example: A farmer har ... ested 1,230 bushels of 

wheat from 40 acres in 1978. then planted and 

har ... ested 1,550 bushels of soybeans from the 

same 40 acres before the end of the year. He 

imgated the soybeans but not the wheat. 

Item 3 f-'C='--I-=::....::-+.:.:...:==::-+-----j 

139 
140 

Sections 2-8 - CROPS - Continued 

Interplanted Crops and "Skip Row" Planting -

If two crops were grown at the same time In 

alternating striPS In the same field, report the 

ponlon of the field used for each crop 

Example A 60 acre field was planted In cotton 

and soybeans, with two rows of cotton followed 

by an area of the same Width planted !n soybeans, 

Thirty acres of soybeans would be reponed In 

section 2, Item 8, and 30 acres of cotton In section 

2, Item 9 

Vegetables - Report acres of vegetables harvested 

FOR SALE. Do not report acres. of 'r'egetables tor 

home use Report the total acreage of each 

vegetable crop harvested 

Example You harvested 10 acres of lettuce from 

a field In 1978, then replanted the field to lettuce 

and harvested the 10 acres again Enter only 10 

acres of land from which vegetables were harvested 

In Item 1 of section 5. but write In 20 acres of 

lettuce harvested In Item 2 of section 5 

Fruit and Nuts - In counting the combined total 

of 20 or more trees and VInes. Include those for 

home use as wei! as those malntainei for sale of 

the production (exclude abandoned trees) 

If crops other than frUit and nut trees and Vines 

were mterplanted With trees or Vines, report the 

tot a! acres for BOTH th~ orchard and the Inter· 

planted crops harvested 

£~ample It 20 acres of cotton were grown m a 

30 acre pecan orchard. you would report 20 

acres of cotton In section 2. Item 9, and 30 acres 

of pecans In section 4. 

Avocados, Olives, Sugarcane 

Avocados - For California repon the QuantitY 

harvested from November 1, 1977 through 

November 30. 197B. For Flofld.3 report the 

quantity harvested from Apfll 1978 through 

March 1979, estimating If necessary. 

Olives - Repon the quantity harvested from the 

bloom of 1977 for the October 1977 to March 

1978 harvest season. 

Sugarcane - For FlOrida and Texas report cuttings 

from November 1977 through April 1978. For 

LouiSiana and HawaII report for the 1978 crop 

year 

Sewon 9 - GROSS VALUE OF CROPS SOLD 

Repon the values received during 1978, regardless 

of the year In which the crops were harvested. 

Give gross values (before deducting taxes and 

expenses) 11 full payment was not received for 

a crop or crops sold In 1978, rer.-ort on!y the 

amount actually received In 1978. 

For value of grains and cotton. inctude as sold the 

value of government CCC loans received In 1978 

but not loans obtamed from any other government 

or private source 

Section 10 - LAND USE 

The purpose of thiS sectIOn IS to classify the acres 

you reported In section 1, Item 4, by principal 

use In 1978. Do not Include any acres you rented 

TO others (reported In section 1, Item 3), 

Land Used for Multiple Purposes - If part of your 

land was used for more than one purpose In 1978, 

report that land on the line for the use first listed, 

and NOT on the line for the second use. For 

example, If you plowed under a cover crop, and 

planted and harvested a gram crop, report the land 

1[1 Item 2a, "Cropland harvested." but NOT as 

"Cropland used for cover crop, legumes.. etc." 

(Item 2cl 

Double Cropping - When more than one crop was 

harvested from the same land in 1978, report that 

land only ONCE as "Cropland Harvested." item 

2a of thiS section, 

Interplanted Crops - If you mterplanted crops, 

such as cotton in an orchard, report the total 

land used for both crops only ONCE, as "Cropland 

Harvested." tn Item 2a. 

REPORT FORMS 

Sect;on 12-16 - LIVESTOCK AND POUL TRY 

Animals and Poultry to be Included in the ReportReport all animals and poultry on the place on 

December 31, 1978 Include all owned by you 

and any kept by you for others. Include anImals 

on unfenced land. on National Forest land, on 

dlstnct land or cooperattve grazing assocIatIOn 

land, or on rangeland admlmstered by the Bureau 

of Land Management on a per·head or lease baSIS 

(such as on wheat pasture) Include poultry 

(broilers, layers, turkeys, etc.) fed unde'r contract 

on "ThiS Place." Include livestock and poultry 

kept on thts place for home use, 4H projects, etc. 

Number sold - Report all anImals and poultry 

sold or removed from this place including those 

sold for a landlord or given to a landlord as hiS 

share or to others tn trade or In payment for goods 

and services. Include animals of all ages without 

regard to ownership or who shared In the receipts 

If the anImals were located on the place 30 days 

or more and were sold or removed from the 

place In 197B 

Sales from Contract and Custom Feeding Opere· 

tions - Include animals and poultry (Including 

poultry under contract) fed on thiS place on a 

contract or custom baSIS If they were removed 

from the place In 1978. 

Value of Sales - Be sure to report the total gross 

value of sales of animals and poultry WIthout 

deducting cost of feed. cost of Itvestock purchased, 

cost of hauling and seiling, etc. If the sale prtce 

or value is not known. give your best esttmate of 

their value when they leh this place. 

Animals Moved to Another Place - For animals 

removed from thiS place. to another place, such as 

for further feeding, report the number as sold and 

give your best estimate of thetr mark.et value when 

they leh thiS place 

Animals to be Excluded fromrhe Report - Do 

not report any animals or poultry kept under a 

share arrangement on land rented TO others In 

1978. 

Animals Sold from Another Place - Ammals 

owned by you. but held and sold from someone 

else's place should NOT be Included. For example, 

do not report cattle purchased elsewhere, fed In, 

and sold from a feedlot not part of this place 

Animals Bought and Sold - Do not Include animals 

bought and resold within 30 days. Such purchases 

and sales are conSidered "dealer" transactIons. 

Fat Cattle Sales - Do not Include With fattened 

cattle In rtem 3a of sectlon 12 

a. Veal calves whIch were fattened primarily 

on milk, or 

b. Dairy cows fed only the usual dairy rattan 

before being sold, or 

c, Cattle and calves that were sold fOf further 

feeding. 

All Other livestock - SpecIfy the name of any 

other livestock.. animal specialty. Of lIvestock pro· 

ducts on or sold from this place that have not been 

accounted for elsewhere on thIS form. 

Example. Bees sold (colonIes, packages. pounds); 

semen sales, animals bred and sold for laboratory 

use; bIrds, frogs, etc. 

Sec.;on 19 - TYPE OF ORGANIZATION 

Use the following definitions to aSSISt you In 

determining the tlpe of organIzation tor your 

operation :" 

tndiyidual or Family Operation (Sole Proprietor· 

ship) - Defined as a farm or business organtzation 

controlled and operated by an indiViduaL Includes 

family operations that are not incorporated and 

not operated under a partnership agreement. 

Partnership Operation - Defined as two or more 

persons who have agreed on the amount at their 

contribution (capital and effort) and the distribution of profits. Co-ownership of land by husband 

and wife or joint filing of income tax forms by 

husband and wife does not constitute a partner· 

ship, unless the agreement to share contributions, 

declsionmaking, profits, and liabilities exists. 

Producing products under contract or under 8 

share rental agreement does not constitute a 

partnership. 

Corporation - Defined as a I~at entlty or arti· 

ficial person created under the laws of a State 

to carryon a business. This definition does 

not Include cooperatives. 

Other - Such as cooperative (defined as an incor· 

porated or unincorporated enterprise or association 

created and formed jointly by the members), estate 

or trust {defined as fund of money or property 

administered for the benefit of another individual 

or organization}, prison farm, grazing association, 

Indian reservation, etc. 

Sec';on 20 - OPERATOR CHARACTERISTICS 

AND OCCUPATION 

ThiS section applies to the characteristics and 

occupation at the Individual owner, operator, 

senior partner, or person in charge for the type of 

organization reported in section 19 of the form. 

For individual or Family Operation (Sole Pro· 

prietonhip) - Complete thIS section for the 

operator. 

For Partnership Operations - Complete items 1 

through 5 and 7 lof thIS sectIOn) tor the "Senior 

Partner." The "Senior Partner" IS the individual 

who is mainly responsible for the agricultural 

operations on this place. Consider the oldest 

partner as the "Senior Partner" if each shares 

equally in the day·to-day management decisions. 

For item 6 (Principal Occupation) consider all 

members of the partnership together. Please 

Include as "Farming" worktime at all types of 

agricultural enterprises, including specialties, such 

as greenhouses, nurseries, mushrooms, ranching, 

feed Jots, broiler feeding, etc. 

For Incorporated and Other Operations (Cooperatius, Estates, etc.) - Complete section 

20 for the person In charge, such as hired manager, 

business manager, or other person primarily 

responsible for the on·site, day·to-day operation 

of the farm or ranch business. 

Sec.;on 22 - COMMERCIAL FERTILIZER 

Report acres on which commercial fertilizer was 

applied during 1978. If some acres where fertilized 

more them once, report acres ONL YONCE. 

Sect;on 24 - MACHINERY AND EOUIPMENT 

The estimated market value in item 1 refers to 

ALL machmery and equipment kept on this place 

and used tor the farm business. The value should 

be an estimate of what the machinery and equipment would sell for in its present condition, 

not the replacement or depreciated value. 

Sect;on 26 - SE LECTED PRODUCTION 

EXPENSES 

Include expenses paid by you and by anyone else 

for the production of crops, poultry, livestock, 

and other agricultural products on this place. Also 

Include expenses incurred even if payment was not 

made in 1978. Please give estimates if you do not 

know the exact figures. For example, if you grew 

broilers or fed cattle for others, include in item 1, 

as purchases, your best estimate of the value of the 

baby chicks or cattle at the time they were brought 

to this place. Also include in item 2, the value and 

amount of all feed purchased by you or someone 

else tor use on this place. 

Do not include expenses related to nonfarm 

activities (trading and speculation, or livestock 

dealer activities). 

Hired Labor - Expenditures for hired labor should 

include gross wages or salaries, commissions, paid 

bonuses, and leave pay before deductions, plus the 

value of benefits paid by you - Social Security 

taxes, unemployment insurance, etc. Do not 

include room and board, house rent, or other 

Items paid in kind. 

78-A1(1) 
78-A1 (H) REPORT FORMS 

DUE BY FEBRUARY 15. 1979 

In , plll1.lolo.IO Ibis top.1t, p ...... fl., tfJ III. U1"" ..... ,U " .. "._ (CFlll 

(PfeBS6 correct errors (n namflj addf85$~ and ZIP code.) 

PO"M 78-AI(H) (1.Z8.:reJ 

Form Approved 0 M B. No. 41 .S780L~ 

.1978 CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 

HAWAII 

Note" Please read the Information Sheet before completing the form. 

tf boo-'k figure$ ar~ not avaitablel rea$Of1able estimates may be used, If 

filing by Feb~ 15 causes an undue bvrden~ a time extensioo request may be 

se~1 to the awve address_ InclUCIe your Il-dlglt Census File Number (CFN) .as $hown in your address label in aU corresjXlndence to us. 

SECTION 1 ACREAGE IN 1978 Sections 2 thfOugh 6 reporting crO]ls harvested 

INFOfllrlATIOH SHEET. s..tIGtI t. Do not include crops gro...." to ot~ers. Use section 6 "1110 _ .. fOIl opiWalO<ll. 1f78 -..pd durlll!l"" y .. ,,.,., I"",. INSTRUCTIONS during 1978. Please :~ in the appropriate section_ 

Repcrlland owned. rented, or used by you, your spouse, or by the partners.hip, lor~port ONLY tllosecrops ~ sections Z through 5. 

corporation, or organization for which you are reporting. Include ALL LAND, SECTION 2 Was any SUGARCANE 01 PINEAPPLES harvested or 

REGARDLESS OF LOCATION OR USE - cropland, pastureland, 17."-.--.---1 002 grllwinCOillhis plac! In 19787 

rangeland, woodland, idle land. house lots, etc. None .. Nu",be. ofa~ 10 YES _ C..."I.", Ihl. _II .... 

,043 

1. All IcnIl owned .. -•.. - .........••.. -.. - .....• -- . .. [] '0 NO - 00 to sect;"" 3 

2. All land rented or leaSlld FROM OTHERS, includin~ land worked by 

you on shares, used rent free, in e~change for servrce.s, payment Acr •• 

(b~N~~ f!~lu~~CI~n:!~~~F~~~~~~a~s~sn~:~~:r:a:r~~~g 044 f :a;~t~~ed t .?~~~It~ ir~i~:t'ed permi!.) Also compl~te item 5 below •..... _ ... _ . _ ... _ .... [] '-:-0:-----1 1. Sugarcane fur sugar harvested in 19]8 u ure .rYes 724 

3. All land rented or leased TO OTHERS, including land worked on '045 (Do not report tons of raw or refined 722 723 Tons of 

sugar}..................... cane shares by others and land sutleased. Also ctlfllplete item £ below. 0 r=---" 725 726 27 

4. AtRES IN THIS PLACE _ AOD acres owned (item 1) and . 04. 2. Sugarcane far seed .....•..•... ~,,--_tm:lmm]T]on1:sm:ltni3--"l acres rlHlted (item 2), tIlen SU BTRACT acres rented TO~____ I " . ... . OTHERS (item 3), and enter the result in this space. - II .. _~ __ .. 3. Sugarcane NOT harvested in 1978 •.• krr----4~~@:~:~:::~~::::lli~::::,f:lli~:~:~:::lli~:':::::::@:::::: @::::::llilo;;;:----~ 

PDf thlO ._ .. ,."rl ,_0 •• iliff "ACR.E3 IN THIS PI.ACE." ______ -' t 4. Pineapples harvested in the year 1

000 

1

00

< 1°· 

It rhe .ntry Is •• rO />I0il •• ,.re, to rh. INFORMATION SHEET, $ection 1. ending May 31, 1978 •....• -•. -. \o...------t@;@;@;@;T:;')o'§!ns@;ITo.s.---i 

5. If you rented land FROM OTHERS (item 2) enter the following in!OImation fOI each landlord. S. Pineapples tiOT harvested in the 064 E:~::>::::::::~::::::::i::,::;;:::;::::::::::: 

Name 01 landlord Mailing add,ess IJrtC'u~ ZIP cQqeJ I Number ofa.res year endingMay 31. 1978 - . -. . . • . ,::::,:::::,:,:.: 

1

047 SECTION 3 hartesled ~ele ~ Vro~~~k~~' SALE lram ~ET;':~i~f~ONSelt this place in ',~:;-.;;-'--' •• 1---------------------I-----------------------1~048~------i 003 

,OY ES - Compl.~ IhI" ne/l." 

1°49 '0 NO - Go /0 section 4 

Llsr _Won"l landlord. QIl • • oparatosh ... r 0/ ,,_. 

Acres Acres irrieated 

6.11 you rented land TO OTHERS (item 3), enter the following inflllf11ation for each renter. ~'~I Whoio acre. !Tenlhs 

Name of '.~\.r Mall.i"i ad~'''''s (lneitJd;1 ZiP CoW) . ~umber of acres 1. Land trom which vegetables 375: 37. : 1-----'.:;..::..~-"'.=...--+=""":...::;:c:.="-'-.:.c..;;.;;;:..;=-..:.:...""-+0-'-=50=...:.;..=c' were harvested in 1978 .....•. -.. -. - .. - . L-__ --"--'/c.::lc..o "-___ .:.., _·~IO 

1------------1-----------+:-:-----1 2. From the list below. enter the crop name and code for each crop harvested In 1978. 051 It more tl1an OI'Ie v9g&tabl9 crop was ha:fVeStf'd from tile same aCres, report acres rot 

052 e$n crop. Repo,.t ~U>f1B gTOlMJ /Jl1def protection in .section 5. 

Crop name Code Acres harvested ~i"igat.d 

L)$t additional renters on a $epafate sheet of {JffPe" 

t. Of the land you rented or lea~eHo olbers, NQ~ 0"' 

how many acres did you own1 •• ". _ .. - -. - .•..• 0 _~_ Acr", 

1. During 197~, dlt! you have any Federal or State grazing permits on a per-head basis; 

sucb 3$ Forest Service, Taylor GraZing. 0 .. 

Indian Reservations, etc.? - ...•......••. '.' '.".'" '0 Yes ·ON. 

a, How ma~ set aside acres did y.ou ha~ None 0 .. 

in the Federal Farm Program in 19757 •.. , , .••• , .. 0 ____ Poere. 

9, LOCATION QF AGRICULTURAL ACTiVllV FOR THIS PLACE 

a, In What county was the 

largest value 01 your 

r-----r-------,----.--,......,---t' u mare Ma~ i. ne¢fId. us. sapar.lI> sh""r 01 P<lPOT. 

C;01lf\1y name $U!te. Numbero!ac,.. Crop llam. Code Cr1IP "'lilt 

agri culwllIl products raised q[ploduced? , •.. 

b. If you also h8v~ agri.cul· luraloperations iti auy other county{i~s), enter 

the c.oun\Yname(s), etc. 

f'tI\lCip~1 

cou~ty .. 

I----::.="-"='--+-==--I~ 05.="--"'-='=-1 aean$. snap . C.cumbets 

\·bush iIlI~ pale) .•.•. U1 snU plekl •• __ • _ •.• 411 arnccoll .. _ .. _ ..•. 3M Oalkon , _ .• _ . . . • . . 413 

Co,," 

~~~---------+----~~05------i cabbage. Chine$e .•.. 3&$ E&lIptant. •• , . . • . .. 415 cabbage. head •.•..• 391 L.tli!ce 

Cabbage. mu~lli«i . • • . 193 andr"",.i.. . ___ . . U7 Carlot,,;, .•..• _ ... , lt7 Onions. d(y, ..• _ .. _ 433 

cauliflower •.••..•• ,,, Onl""., green .....• 4)S Celery. _ , _ . _ •.••• 401 f'ar$ley_ ••. _ . _ •• ,_ 439 

Chin,$. p¢as ....•.. 40~ POppets. S"""&t ••. ,. 443 

! os. 

Page I 

I 

: /10 

, /10 i /10 

:~ I /10 

! /10 i 110 

/10 

, 

-'- /10 : /10 

Crop...... Cod. 

Pumpkins .....•.. 449 Radish.. . .. _ .... 451 

Spinae" •.....•• , 4$7 

Squ.sll __ •.••...• 459 Sweet com . _ .•••• 461 

TQma\o&~ , •... __ . 463 

Waterer.s s ••.. , .. 471 Walermelons _ ...•• 471 Otll.r vo&etabies - Specify • ••••.. _ . 475 

141 
142 REPORT FORMS 

SECTION 4 Was there a COMBINED TOTAL of 20 or mOle nut tr~s,banana ~r3nls, cQflee trees, Of fruitlrees 

illCludine citrus on this place in 1978? 100 NOT include abandoned lrees or ~Iantings.) 004 

'OY E S - C_'.1e .hls 6""1i"" 

2 0 NO - GD /0 section ~ 

1. Total acres In bearing and nonbearlng fruit orchards, groves, cotl~e trees, nut trees, and banana plants 

2, Report the following information for each crop even il not harvested because of low p"Ces, or 

damage hom weather. For inlerplanted trees, estimate th~ area covered by each kind othuiL 

ClOP name Coda 

NUMBER 01" TREES OR P\.ANTS OF' - Acres. a II·agos 

'21 

Whole a~r.s : Tenths -Non.baaring B •• r.ing ase age 

Avocados U~ /10 

BananaS" 141 /10 

78-A 1 (H) 

... .' 

. ." 

122 

'10 '10 

". . 

.: 

.. '. Pounds 

Pounds 

3 

Coffee 

_________ OR _________ ~o~n~~ <E~:.h~~n.!.l 

11977-78 crop) 153 /10 Pounds (cherry) 

Guavas lal /10 Pounds 

Urnes 2S5 /10 Pounds 

Pounds (husked, 

---------OR- ____________ ~~~~~L_ 

Macadamia nuts 

Mangoos 

Oranges 

Papayas: 

Passion fruit 

Plums 

Tangerlne$ and mandat'\ns 

All othel frUi t and nut. - SPOOl;:; 

33> 

195 

297 

213 

219 

243 

30' 

369 

/10 

/10 

/10 

/10 

/10 

/10 

/10 

/10 

/10 

Pounds (shelled, 

nuts) 

Pounds 

Pounds 

Pounds 

Pounds 

Pounds 

Pounds 

Pounds 

Pounds 

SECTION 5 Were any NURSERY and GREENHOUSE PRODUCTS, sod, butbs, flOwelS, 

flower seeds, vegtlable seeds and plants, vegetables ~nder glassdt other 

protection, GROWN FOR SALE on this place in 19m 

SECTION 6 [lIlIer crops -Were anyOTIlER CRQI?Sbar'ljl$ledlrom th Is,p lac' 

in ms - corn,sDtgbums, ginger root. lot\ls rool, taro, jIIl/JIIUI!S, 

Or olhet "fOPS nol previwsly 1I$lfId? .... 

DOS 'OY E S - C """,Iete thl •• ..,liOll 

20 NO - Go to sectlorr G 

l. Nursely and greenhouse products ilrigated 

in 1978 . 

None 

o 477 

2. Report the foliowlflg Inlonnatloll lor each product grown. 

006 

'OY E S - Coiilpl&.t;>lhi~ ''''t'M 

2 0 NO - Go 10 $Oo(lon 9 

478 Cr,O:p name 

10 

Gingef roo-t 

SQuare feet under Acro. in the open Sal •• In 1976 Lotus ,oot Code glaSS Of otlW 1-_..;':;.n.;I.:;97.;8 __ + ______ -II--__ -:-_-'-_--I __ +-___ -'-_-+ _____ -",-,---;-+.,-__ ----< __ ; 

protection tn )978 WHOle .0'.' ITentns Do liars ' Cents 

Product flalM 

I--------+---+------p=:.::;=~==t_::_-"-'="'--;_=_='i Irish palMoe. 

Sodding plants (Includ~ ~~~----~--~--_+--~--------_+~---r~ 

'10 vegetable prants} 479 

1-~~~~~~-4_~~------------f7------~---'--~--------+---_t-sw-e_._tP-o-~_t~oe-s----~~ __ ~------~--~~--------------I--------L---~ 

Bulb. 462 '10 

1-::.:...::.:...-----4_.:.....~-------f7----_+--~-----t__-__t T"o 

Cut f1o"olS and cut ') 0 hO"'t",,::':"', -cr-:Q"Cps"'" -_-..... -.r-:::.:...+------.!.----"I-=--------"---I-----,--~,-:"...j lIolist er."". 485 Ii , ~N~u~r~~~~~p~ro=d~uC~I-S-----1~=-+------------+.,-------'-----t~-------+----i~~~~m~om 

en"ifonmentalS, Jist balow. 

Itntng·out stoc.k, 

ffUIt and nut trees, 

and 'lines 

Foliage and flowering plants 

488 '10 

491 .'10 

Vegetabl, and :10 Clap ..... . C#d. ·CtOii u.am. I-f~low::;:.::.r.:s.:;eod=. ___ +::50:.:0~------k===:m"""'=t__:_-----:_---1 Corn (., grain or SO.,~lI\Im{f~(tjl3ieQr ':;.:,~:::B!:; •• ::~::?:!::,::i.; .. :::,: seed {bushels,$helled} .••... , •• , , , 06.1 .. SJe.n chU~ (to~$"ar'~}I) 

Gr.nhotJse vegetables $03 ~~~M~~~i~~;J.~@1if:~~lrflfif~ Ci)rl1 fo( silage Of gteen chop , \-."..,----.:....--+--f------f>?===¥==j--.;-----,----1 (tons, gr •• n) . , , • , , • , . ' • " •• , , • 010 

¢~il( 

";'" .• be$ rlCb.~Pk~ . 

",,,,,, 

Other - SpeD} \tay, altal·fa (ton3,ctry) ,." ' •• , •. , , 1~$ 

Hay. ol/ler (tonS, dry), .• , , •• , , , • , •• lQt 

Sorghums fOI grain or seed (.bjls""ls) .. '.' 1)jZ ., .•......•• ' .•.• :.' •.• , .. ' •• ,.•.•• '.' ••.• , •. :,'.>. ;f.·1t.·.·~.·.,. >.':: !i1.1!lthetcrOJ>st~'Quit~3V· " . • . ,,. . 

,'10 $ SECTIONS 7 and 8 , ..•••..• < .. , .•.•••••. 

Page 2 
78-A1 (H) REPORT FORMS 

SECTION 9 GROSS VALUE of CROPS Sdl..Ofrom 1111$ plaC* In 191a,8!;fOREtlll(n 

and expenses (R."" to 1M INFORIr/A TION$Hti!T; s.~tlon It., 

Report your .best estimate of the valve for each of the follO\'iing grlitip~'of 

cropS sold from this place in lB7~ •. lnclude the value of 1M lantlIOtQ'$ 

and/or contractor's share, estimating if necessary. 

SECTION 12 Old you or anyone else have any CATIl..E or CALVES on tnis platt in 1978? 

Q 12 1 0 YES - 0_1.1e III" _tiM 

20 NO - Go ro section 13 

• DECEMjiER 31, lWe INVENTORY N"". 803 

INVENTORY 

Number on thl s pi"'" Dile. $1, 1978 

N-one 

...... ..,..,--~..."...-;;--I1. CATTLE AND CAL YES of all ages b;.;-=,-"""-_,-"'-,,C:.'!.~,,,t'""l. poll.ar~ (TOr.1 of ., b, 9, and d below) ...••..••....•. 

776 

CJ 

Total 

all 

a s 

804 

1~ Crain - corn andsorgliums for grain or seed ... 

2~ Hay .od silage ... , ........ '.. , ......... . 

kVe~etables, sweet corn, and melQos - at? NOT include "'lsh~pOtat()e-t;. of 

$we-ntpo(aJCElS, rept:)tt t!tElm in item 4 ¢~{ow > •• 

4. rruit 3.ndnuls - pineapples, banan(ls,coffee. Macadamiao~ts, avocados, Citrus, etc.. .• , •• , .' .• 

S. Nui~erya.nd greeobouse products - flowers,.plan!$,elc~ 

6,Olhercrops- Sugarcane, ginger rool. lotus root, 

taro, potat~es. etc, .... , 

SECTION 10 LAND USE IN 197t 

CJ 781 

Ll 782 

[I 783 

tCOpy ACRES IN THIS PLACE ft~mSeC!ion 1, item 4, pagel ••.. .....,.,."..... __ A,.t<l$ 

NorE ·~I! IMs,arne land bad mQretlianooeU$~lilJ9:tg,11£POR1'JflAfLAAO 

ONL Y O.NC.E - In tne u:;~· first Iisled b~loVllhl!t app'lres,F:Il/~x~mp'le.~roplanrl 

~arv~sterl and also pasturedis.to bereporled Qnly as "Ct:Qpl~ndMtve$t~d .. ", F""'----'--I. 

l, C;ROPUND ' NQ~~,~U"'i!e( Qtaeres 

a. Cloplandhatvested - Incl~d",8/lll!iJd from Wb,i~,hl"fII>t; wei", ~arvestefi or'hay w~ out, and a,t1 16.Yf~ fn (}fCha{dS~ ·c.juu~ 

g'O~$s. vlneyatds, 4fld nursety atJd'g(!Jeot1O:~se ptodt,fOt-s ': •. '" O· 

b~ CroP/Md used only for pasture or grating -Irioludeiotatioo 

pastlJt$' and W~Ziflg 1f!!tt;1 .th~1. ~ou~{/ h8~.Q tH1.en, v~ (at CfCP~ 

without add/tlonat impfov(:!1tWf!ts. • , .• < , ••• " >.' , < • + • ' 

C. Cropland<u$ed fot cover crops. legumes, aqdSoil·jnipriJVeili~nl 

787 

a. BE EF COWS - Includ& beef heffa's Ihat 

~8(lc.lv8(l ............. .. ..... .. CJ 

b. MILK CDWSkeptfor production of milk Of cream 

for sale f)f home use - laclMe dry milk """'. and ,1 nri ~k heifers thai tUMI calved ~ •. , ' LJ 

c. H{IFERS AND HEIFER CALVES - E.c!ude hef.feTs thrJ-t tiM calved •••• , , • • • • • . 0 

d. STEERS, STHRCALVES. BULLS 

AND BULL CALVES • ., .. " ...... "" 0 

805 

806 

807 

Beef 

cows 

Milk 

cows 

Heifers 

and 

heifer 

calves 

Steers and 

bulls of 

all ages 

• CATTLE AND CALVES SOLD 

FROM TillS PLACE IN 1978 Include these fed on tJJJ$ pi ace on a contract or custom basis. AI$O report 

as sold, cattfe f"I'J()1Ied (fom this place 

11> • leedl"r lot tvfthe( '~I"IJ. 

~Qoe NU,mb

n 

·1~·8·!d t--_G_r_o_ss_v_._,,,,_o_f,s._,_es---j 

" " Doll ars ' Cents 

808 809 

2. Calves w~igbing lesS than ~OO pounds ,. CJ b..-------+~----L-----1 

3,Cattlli, iBcI~ding calves weighing 810 8' 1 

500 \Xllll1ds or more .•• , ....... , • .. CJ r------r------~--_1 

a, Of t~e total> caltiesol4. ~w many ~re fA TTENEO on thiS ~Iace on GRAIN "2 "'" or CON CENTRATES fill 30 days or more 

and SOLO for SLAUGHTER? CJ L.... ___ ...L. ____ -'-_-j 

• DAIRY PRODUCTS SOLD fROM 

THIS PlACE IN 1'118 

4. Gross value of saleS of DAIRY PRODUCTS 

from tbis pl.ace in 1978. Report goat dalfy 

products in $&CUon 15 , . ~ , . . . ..... , . " .. 

Gross value of Sale$ 

CJ$ 

grasses, but NOT harvested and NOT pastuled ' f------l SECTION 13 Did)'O\l or anyone else have any HOGS or PIGS on thiS Illace in 19781 

d. Cropland QO whlch.iI oops rai.led {E'''''PllqfllD<>n.di ~Oft 

~~~ ~~~ea)~~a;:,~ =;~::~i,«J/::"Jt ~~~j a~., t?~. ~:~p ·f~J1W. 

e.Crop'lanQ io.cultivated summerJaIl6~, , ... 

o t3 1 0 YES - Compl.,. fill • • .,.,t/on 

20 NO - Go to s&e(/on 14 

• DECEMBER 31, 1978 INVENTORY 

INVENTORY 

N umber on thIs 

NOlle plaoelle<:. 31. 1~78 

815 

f. Croplandi!] pineapples or. sugarcane nothar.v~sted lnJ97£' •. ! "'-:-___ --11. HOGS and pres ot all ages· (T,,';,I of a and b 0010"'). 0 r793 ~;-------I 

<I. HOGS .and PiGS used or to be used for BREEDING.. . . . .. CJ 816 Breedmg 

Total 

g,. Cropland idle . , ., ,;······.,···c··,.,,··,,;,· 0 794 

795 

!mi)~(M IMdiS'.U liIIld. W'l"t.~~y .n~Ii(f1lrc!~to'~~hj~;;dll<i·~~.'t<.$';;:·" ,'. 

~pNn~}'a;$; .. f:l{t:~~.~~ <If .d~tyh~$.~ .. ~f'te~!,-~( dt~6~~ .~tt~ 1~'C:~>~..vi:lPtiji!!:f1,*~1~' .. '>' ~, 

'/J.BrtUti. a(ld:pfepl.~tftT!~a4t!n:·:·,' ,.'. " "<":~;':::: .. ::~ 

0·\1 : ~ ~~S: ::::o:;~; :~iI~'.,"'i:(?~ ", .. :.;,' 

l, fI()~'Iil~i)y a~I~$t)1 ear;\1of tbefollo"(llng ~~a$$if)~tjol\$;' .•...•..... ··r'-:-' ....... "7"~~4 oillmdwere irriga!ed i~ 1918? . .: .' .'~~~~ 

a,HARvEsreolAND repoltedi~.s~~tionlO,. .· .. E7~99"""''''''''~~4 rlem,Za,· Include I."'i l""'twMil~<h~lc""''''t;~i'<l,",:: .' " 

[""dirt ~.(I"fJ aM ~.nboarlng it4i!;~iw~'U( ",«!'p~ \. c.,. '. "" 1;:1. 

b.PlmURELANO~illAN\\ElIitiD!~~;r\~ll)n· sec~on 10 Hems2b and t ~ ; . . .if w;at~:t p'~e~.$rJ '0£ ~pTe.(Id ~y' 'C~a/~ 

b. OTtlERHOGS and PIGS .. " • " .. " .• , . , ..... '" CJ ","',"'7 ---O-t-he-r --"-l 

• UTTE~ FARROWED 

None Number of litters. 

CJ 8'8 

Niomi!er S<lld Gross vah", of .. 10. 

NOM ,n 1978 Dollars Cents 

820 821 

SECTION 14Did1~ or 'nYC!lI! else ha~ 'IIY SitEEP or LAM8$ C!lIlIlis place In 197~? 

014 1 0 YES - 0 ..... ,.,. this '~fl ... 

20 NO ~Golo"..,tiQn1~ 

I NV!'NiORY 

N.rn~' on this II"". pl~to Dec. ~\. 1$78 

CJ 824 825 

SALES Number solt! In 1973 

Nono DQIJ ru:s Q<l!\\$ 

829 

Page ,) 

143 
144 REPORT FORMS 78-A 1 (H) 

SECTION 15 Did you or anyone else have any HORSES, BEES, FISII, OTHER 

LIVESTOCK, or ANIMAL SPECIAL TIES in 1978? 

0

1

5 1 0 YES - Camp/et. thi~ 8«'tion 

2 oNO - Go 10 section 16 

INVENTORY 

Number on Total number Gross value of sales 

th~\):ace sold In 1978 

None Dec. 1978 Doliars : Cents 

1. Horses and ponies 01 I 830 I e3 [832 

all ages. - .... .. , .. 1$ 

2. Mules, burros, and 833 834 835 , donkeys. ... .- ! $ I 

, 836 8" 

3. Mink and Ihell pelts. '" . .- 1~38 I 

a. M,nk lemales used for 803 

f:,;:~;;::::,~:::t::::I: : 

breeding. .... . . '::::::::;::::::" ::::::,~:~::,~::;:::,: .: :', 

4. Other I,vestock or animal , 

spec'alhes 'n captivity , 

, (E n 1m name and code I rom , "Llst A" De/ow., , , 2 I 

I 

Name Code 

5. L,vestock or aOlmal Acres under water Total quantIty sold Gros. valU<1 of sales 

products (Enter name and for aquaculture ,n 1978 -Doliaf$ : Cents 

code 'rom "List B" OOlow.J :] :';;:::;;;: '/: :::;: , " : .; . 

__ OR _ r:o~~d~ I, , Name Code , , , 

i;: .: : 2 (i , 

;:;:::;( :;:::: :';:;: I Gallons , r.. F,sh and other aquaculture , , -~ 

products (Enter name and I 2 , code from "Ust C'· De/ow,) I OR _'=-o~~~ I 

I I 

Name Code I .'10 3 1$ I , , I Number I 

r ~ "' Ha",. Code Name Code N .... Code 

Colonies of bees, ' 839 Other goa ts . . • • . • . . , . .. 848 worms, ., .••.• ',. 8~7 

Angora goats 842 Rabbits and their pelts 851 All 0111., livestock - Milk goats ... , 845 CtunchiHas and their pelOt$ : 854 SpecHy ....... " 160 

r ~ ... I ~ , Hamo Cod. H.me Cod, H .... C<!do 

MOhaif sold .. , .... , .864 Catfish , . . . . . . . 872 0111., USh- Goats mi Ik sold .. , ... 866 TrOtlt .. 876 Specify ... 8&4 

Honey sold. . . 863 Tropl ca', a~ci . -. , Other aquaculture- Other II vestoc;k pr~duct~ ~' bait/ish . , , . ~ , 880 prod""t. - Specdy . 8711 Speclty •... 818 

" "';',e SpaCfi is needed, us. separote ._r of paper, 

SECTION 16 Did you or anyone else have iIIlY fOUL TRY slICh as CHICKENS, !URKEYS, 

DUCKS, etc., on this place in 1978? (In.IUd. _/try groYI!n ,., ~rIre" ••• con-Pract buls.) 

0" lOY E S - c~ 1e1ft this s.etlon INVENTORY 

NU~:i~a~;7 Total number 

20 NO - Go 10 secrlon 17 ~~fS -[:976 sold in 1976 None 

892 893 

1. HENS and PULLETS of laying age .. , , .... , , .. , • [] 894 895 

2. PULLETS 3 months old or older not yet of layrng agfr. , '1 

3. PULLET CHfCKS and PULLETS under 3 months old 1 89• 897 

(E>fciufkJ commlHciel e/oilers.) .. . " . n 

4. BROILERS, fryers, and other meat type chickens, 898 8" 

,ncludlng capons and roasters .... .. ,., ,., ... 1:1 

5. TURKEYS 900 90' 

a. Turkeys lor slaughter IE,clude Or._,..) .. . .... '-l 

b. Turkey HENS kept for breeding ~ 

[902 903 

.... . ... 

6, OTHER POUL TRY raISed In captrvity - ducks, geese, 

pIgeons or squab, pheasants, quail, etc. (Cr116f poalfry 

name and code from the Jist belo'fl'l.; , 

Pooltfy name ~ _____ ~~~ ____ Code , 

Poultry name _~~ ___ ~~~_ Code 

HIm. Cod. HOmo code N .... COO, 

Ducks. .. 90.0 PIgeons Of squab. ., .. 908 ~~j~I~'~~jiry''': . 912 Geese !106 Pheasants .. 910 Specify .. . , .. 914 

7. POULTRY HATCHED on thiS place rn None Number 1978 and placed or sold - chickens, [9" turkeys, ducks, etc. - ':;pacify kind Of pOUlfry _~~~_ r::J 

8. Incubator egg capacity on December 31, 1978 . ... '" , . . , r- ) 

9. What was Ihe gross value of sales of poultry ~"sv.lue .1 •• , .. and poultry products reggs, etc.) from thiS None Dollars cenlS place In 1978' Jnclilde estimBted 'la/tie oJ 

poultry and POullry products movfKf from thlB 9'8 I 

pf(JC1! by contractors and others • ••. ... , . il I 

, 

Page <1 

SECTION 17 IncomelrOlllIrlACHINE WORK, CUSTOMWORK, and OTHER AQRJCUL TURAL 

SERVICES PROVIDED for others in 1973 

Total amount received fmm machine work ctlstomwork None1r,. 'iQ~D-,-OI-,-I~-,-rs:.....~.;.I::..Ce::.:.":.:.ts:..j and other agncultural sef'iices PROV1DEO FOR OTHERS 1

919 

, 

In 1978 - plantrng, plowmg, spraYing, harvesting, etc ••. ,.. ell $ : '-'----....!.....,...--I 

Spooily kind 01 work done 

SECTION 18 DUdlil Wl8 did you SELL any crops, livestock, or livestock product, DIRECTLY to indivhluals FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION - roadside 

stands, t.mers markets, pick YOIIT own, etc.? 

or. , DYES - co"",.", till. _Uan 

2 0 NO - 00 10 section tg 

1, What was the gross value 0 f these direct sal as? 

SpfJcJfy products $Old - ve~9table.s. eggs. erc. 

SECTION 19 TYPE OF ORGANIZATION 

1 Dollars ICent$ 

. 

Mark (X) the one item willcn best describes the type of organlzatiMforthis place in 1978, 

Rete( to the I NFORMA i ION SH EET, Section 19. 

• FAMILY Or IN.OIVtDUAL operation (sole.proprietorship), .. , exduding partnership and corporation _ .•• , • , .• , •.• , • .. , C] 

.PARTNERSHIP operation. Include familypartnenihips .•• " ~[]-+Totalnumber 9" 

of partners __ _ 

.INCORPORATED UNDER STATE LAW Answ.fir BOTH • ~nd· b 

a. Is this a fami Iy held corporation? " •..•• ,., •• ~El ~~ 

b. Are there more than 10 stotkholders? ..• , .•. , •• {Clves 

• OTHER, such as cooperative, estate or trust, prison .. • [J No 

farm, grazing association,lndian reservati 00, etc. ,.,.,.,. ,r J Speolly 

SECTION 20 CHARACTERISTICS ANDOCCUPA!IOH OF OPERATOR (~iorpWer 

01'1*5011 in ~hatge) 11.,., til "'" INFQFlItfA TION SHEET, S""II ... 20, 

L RESIDENCE - Ooe~ the .operator (senior partner or •• , 

person in charge) live on this place' •..• , .•. , .... , ".. \ C::IYes zr::1N~ 

, - 2. RACE of operator(~eniorpartnef or persOfi 'ncharge). , .. , , . 

3. AGE of opetator {senior partner or person in c~ar.g~}+ , .. , ~~s< 

4. SEX of operator (,senior partn.er of person In charge) " , ,,'~~6, 

5. SPANISH ORIGIN - Is the operator (senior partner 

or person In charge) of Spanish origin or descent m (Mexican, Mexican American, Cuban, or other 'Spanish)? .. " , 

6. PRltVCIPAL OCCUPATION- At which occupation 

did the operator spend the maiority (50.percent or more) of his work time in 1978? F", part.er,hips 02. 

consid(1( ail members of the partnerShip lOge-ther. , •••.• ~ , , 

, ['!White 

2 [I Negro or Black 

• ~-:: lAmerican Indian 

-(:1 Hawaiian 

• [J Japanese 

• rJ Chinese 

r[]FilipiM 

.n Korean 

"oOtOef -spe"ilv 

__ ~ __ Years old 

• :::)Female 

1 ,~! Yes 2~: INo 

lDFarming z DOtoer 

7. OF F FA RM WORK _ H ow many days. did the o~'atol 

(senior partnel or persuo In chalge) work at least 

4 hours per day off thi.place in 1975~ Include WOf' 

at ~ nonfarm job, business, ct·on someone else~s farm, 

(/Exc/tlt/f1 O)fcf1snge ((lrm work,) • •. ~ , , , ' " " ••.. 

... {~B~::days , , . 3 050-99 ~ays 

• 0 100-149 days 

s0150-199 dav$ 

• 0200 days Of more 

SECTION 21 Was allY of lite land in.ltlis platt held under FOREIGNOWflERSHiP in 1'181 

None ACf~ 

Of the total acres in this place, now many were oV!ned by - .30 

1. Individuals wI\() are NOT citiZens of tlie United StateS? •... " CJ I--c------l 

2. A fOleign helll corporation Of unincorporated aSSOCiation, 93< 

or a fOleign government? . , , ...•.... , ...•.. , .. , ... , [J 

FORM 18-Al (HJ \7·28-78) Page 5 
78·A 1 (H) REPORT FORMS 

SECTION 22 or SECTION 25 fOR ENERGY $III p$oloum produtls for lIIe 

farm buSillU$dlllinc twa G2~ t1'tIM •• _rnli!u,*s Jl;I'ld, IlY you .-------r-----,r::----j 

lOY ES - i;ompi'" tIII# _lion a,tldo!ltl)r$ '1q(p<<<I~ctiOu of e'ilIlS. I _ .... ~~~~_~ n""slock,;jiJd 9therJli!'icultural I- 2 0 NO - ao to 8$.1/,#,,2:3 prOlWct> fr1>rill)1;s plac& 

101918. 

1, ACfesof craplandfertillZed in 1918" lither than ~19Pland . t Gasoline fo(farm hijsiness 

used QnlyfJ)rpastunisreporte(! lns~cho.n .to. item 2b. ;.; ; . ,. 1-::-:::,-----'12; Diesel fuel fQfthe farm' 

2. Acres (){ past~re)anil and rang~land f~rjjlized busiilllS,$. ••..•.••.•.. 

in )S78 reporte(! in $e~tlon 10; Hems Zband 4 .. , •• " • • • . . • . I..------f 3. LP gas,butane, propane fQr 

the farm basln~ss (4.5 Ibs.= 

3. LIME -to.n$,(lt lime used and acres 011 I galhm) • , ... ; •. "., ' whi~happJied IPp ni>l1i1cfudIJ len!! PJS$t~r 

lioftl1stllm.1 4; filel oil for llIefarm business 0 

~~~~~W;~~iN$~~~t~~~~~ijICiii~~~[Ti(>i!liEK=15: Natural gas fDr Il!elilfm I : business ............ , 

02' ,DYE S • CfImPI'" (6" .""'Jon 2 0 NO -0 .• tC$(JGli';io24 

ii. Ker1)sene, motor 0 II, grease, 

fer the farm business .. , .. 

7. Eledrietly for the farm 

business. ' •.•••••• ' •••• 

Include item listed. eny (aPOd mateli~ls ~cres provided only once, liY. YOij, If l\1ul!rpurpose your landlords, chemicals Olcooiractors. were useil, For report each I • ~8.~Ot~he~1 ;-~co.a~J'~W;OO~d;, c~o~ke~,;e~tc~. ~~~:-::.::::=:J.-.:~~~~~~mmmm~ 

acreage treated for each purpose. SECTION 26 . SELECTED PRODUCTION eXPENSES paid by Y4U and olbers 

for tbi$ place in 1918 

1. Sp!ays,dust$,.gr~ilil.les,:tumigalits, iltc,! (lungicide, Include your Ilesl estimates of e~penses paid by you, your landlord, contractors, 

herbicide, ins~ctfcWe;nem~ticide)tp co~1ro! -' buyers, and others for productiOll of Clops,.livestoc~, and other a~licuitural 

products in 1918. DO .N.OT INCLUDE fxpensescoonecled With performmg. a.lnsects on hay and othercropi> ,., ...• , •• , " . ; .••. , [I cuslo.mwork for othel.; operation of nonfarm activities. bUSinesses. or services; 

the processing of sugarcane and pineappleSj m househoM expenses not related ~,Nematodesincrops, .....•.. , ... ,;,;. '."" '/ [] to the farm business. ~~~~~~ 

. '. . .', . . . ....... L Livestock ani! paultry purchased - cattle, c,alves, c.Olsea:i~s'in'Cr(lps:cand orc'hard$ Cb!(gb\$,Smo!s, bogs, pigs, sheep, lambs, goats, horses, chiCks, 

I1Isls, ett.) •.. ;\, ......••..• '. , ••..•..•..•..• 0 poults, started pullets, etc. . •• , •• , .. , •••••.•••• , ..• 

d; Weeds. grass, 01 brush in ClOpS aodpasture ............ 0 2. Total feed purchased f~r livestock ani! poultry - grain, .I-nc;;;------I hay, silage, mixed feeds, concentrates, etC •.•• , •• , •••••.• 

2. £hemitalsfor defoJiatilln or fOigrow!Ii cpi1ttQI 

of ClOPS or thlnnih8 6f fruit . :.' •• , • ' .••... ' ••• , • : ••• ,. 0 1...,...,....,..----1 a. Commercially complete, supplement. mix.ed formu~la~f;ee~d;Srpu:rc:ll:as:eiI:-~~ concentrales. ___ .,.:.._J:,i:~~:!1lil~!:!~111:11::;~l:!:jl[~ lOt> />0' Include Ingr6dISM$ "",,,,,,,sl!d; 

~,ateJy~ $.u¢h ItS 

$dybtfan #!e1l1, 

cottonsee<t meal. 

3. Were any cnemicalH.seiI fer.;. 

a.lnsect control onlivestllck ~ndpoulflY"4' inCluding treatmeiitof buildings? ...........J DYes 

b.SamlatJon, rodent and bird conlrol,elc.? 

and -ur~a .. ) T •• ~ •• , 

3. Animaillealth costs for liYesttX:k ami poultry. Include 

,veterinarian iServ;qe's; S(NUI1tS,. v8CC.jnes~ medlc1A8$, etc . •• ~ ••. 

~ECi~(lnc~. N"ludi<. e

j . .;.Jj""''iU[Cii;eRv'~DliiWft~r:;;'ih;'j~;;~;;;;;;;:3ijii8'''''_'"14; Seeos, bulbs, plaijls, ~M trees purchased .••.• " •• , ... ". 0 

I 5.l)o.mm~rcial fertilizer purchased - all forms~lnc1uding rock P.i;;;;----+---i 

• Valu~ of ALll1\llchinery a(ldeqUipmenl ott thl$(ll~ee,Dl!CeriJet 31, 1978 

phospbatl:and gypsum. FleJXlrt ollSt"'" app/l".tiQll coars in 

ft~m ~ belClH'. ~ ... ~ • _., ~ •• ~ •• ~ •• ~ ..................... . 

6, Agricultural chemicals pUfchas~d - insecticides, herbicides, 

fangicides,other pesticides. lime, etc. Report custom 

1. Wbat is the !l$timate.d market value of ALL ,machiMry, .sl?p.uc~tjf.~~ aost$" frt item 9 lWfow. ''',' > • .. .. .. • • .......... ! 

equipment, and;ilJiplelJients,~suajly.kepton t!>isplaee 

and used for the ·farm·or ranch business? IncJude co"', .. 1'-_-'. __ ....;.,r-~-I7. Mired farm or fancbl~tor (s.., Inlc(11)atlOfl Sil%I) • .•••• , •• , • 

a. OHhe hired wllttrers, including paid ;~~~====~lllill truCR$~ tt60tQr$,. c~Jne~.PtoWSt.dl~k~i·"',arrOWst d.rYfiJ/sl 

Pl!fflP8. mofOt.s~ irtJg8J!0!l equ.rpl'l18~t, .r:J~ffY &qufpme~t 

InclUdJng mJ Ik.er.~ -and. bllll( .. tflll.kS. :"'\I&8(OCI<. feedersJ( 

(Jf:tndJ.ng'fjnd mltt.{ng equlp~nti·et.c . ••• ,,-. '" •• ~ ~ ••.•. ! >,.,. • 

family wDrkers,how many -

(l) Wntk~d !5()da\'S wmore? , ..... 

(1) WOrked I esslhari ISO . day s? .••. ' [J 

·m.',llljf'fC·1 '. ,001llractlabl)! -Illcl.de "J<P"".dIWJf1" pNmarliy f.r rabOl, such .s 993 

:~~;:~~fI:a~~:~~h :~;::~;r ~~~;:;:d!~C~ ::&=:':e~c. ['I 1-'-----,---1 

99. 

ESTIMATED MMtK£l; VALUE Of LAND a~ 

Please give your bestESTIMATE of !he CURRE:NT fT.iiimiiiedCUri~iiiiii'i;er;iijij;e1 

MARKET VALUE .o.flani! and buildings tor the acres reporte(! i.n section 1 .. items l. 2, and 3, page 1. 

l------i------i t Altland ol'lned .... ~, • , ••• , ....... " • , • , 

2. Altland rentet1 ~lleased.fROMOTHE:RS .. , ..... 

b.:------i::::------t 3. All land 

~DNO 

145 
146 

78-Al(Ll) 

(5-78) 

FROM THE DIRECTOR 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Washington. D.C. 20233 

OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR 

Reply to: 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 1201 EAST TENTH STREET 

JEFFERSONVILLE. INDIANA 47132 

Your report form for the 1978 Census of Agriculture is enclosed. 

Please fill it out and return it to us by February 15, 1979 

Since the 1974 census, significant changes have occurred in agricultural prices and production patterns. It is essential that complete and timely data be available at the county 

level so that decisions directly affecting you, which are made by many users, both public 

and private, are based on the best possible information. 

In planning this census, we have reduced the number of questions and made the report 

form easier to answer. Please read the enclosed Information Sheet. It provides definitions 

and guidelines which will help in completing the report form. 

Many persons will complete and return the report form well ahead of the due date. We 

hope you can too. Early responses will help us to publish the findings at an early date, 

and will avoid additional requests. If book figures are not available, your best estimates 

will be acceptable. If filing by February 15 creates an undue burden, a request for extension may be sent to our Indiana office. Include the l1-digit Census File Number shown in 

your address label in all correspondence to us. 

After the data have been tabulated, we can send you a summary sheet showing major census 

results for your county. If you would like to receive it, check the box in section 29 of 

the report form. 

We will very much appreciate your quick response. It is vital to the accurate and timely 

publication of the 1978 Census of Agriculture. 

Sincerely, 

MANUEL D. PLOTKIN 

Enclosure 

NonCE - Response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, U.S. Code). By the same law YOUR REPORT TO THE 

CENSUS BUREAU IS CONFIDENTIAL. It may be seen only by sworn Census employees and may be used only for 

statistical purposes. Your report CANNOT be used for purposes of taxation, investigation, or regulation. The law also 

provides that copies retained in your files are immune from legal process. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 
78-A 1-L 1 (S) 

78-A 1-L 1 (S) 

(3-79) 

FROM THE AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

Your report form for the 1978 Census of Agriculture is enclosed. The reason you are receiving this form at 

th is time is: 

D The form we originally mailed to you was returned by the Post Office as undeliverable. 

D The list containing your name and address came to us too late to be included in the initial 

mail out at the beginning of the year. 

D Your name was obtained from the person from whom you rented land in 1978. 

o Your name was obtained from a previous owner of land you purchased. 

Since the 1974 census, significant changes have occurred in agricultural prices and production patterns. It 

is essential that complete and timely data be available at the county level so that decisions directly affecting 

you, which are made by many users, both public and private, are based on the best possible information. 

In planning this census, we have reduced the number of questions and made the report form easier to 

answer. Please read the enclosed Information Sheet. It provides definitions and guidelines which will 

help in completing the report form. 

After the data have been tabulated, we can send you a summary sheet showing major census results for 

your county. If you would like to receive it, check the box in section 28 of the report form. 

Each census form mailed has its own 11-digit Census File Number (CFN) located on the top line of the 

address label. If you have already completed and returned a 1978 Census of Agriculture report form, 

please copy that CFN number from your record copy to this form and return it to us in the envelope 

provided. We apologize for not being able to recognize that we had already sent a census form to you. 

If you have not already reported, please complete the enclosed form in accordance with the Information 

Sheet and return your completed report form within 21 days. Also, return any extra report forms (with 

labels) in the same return envelope. This will insure that all forms will be accounted for and the census 

will be as complete as possible. 

We will very much appreciate your quick response. It is vital to the accurate and timely publication of the 

1978 Census of Agriculture. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WILHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

Enclosures 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 

147 
148 REPORT FORMS 78-A1(L2) 

78-Al(L2) 

(9-78) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

FROM THE AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

Many farmers and ranchers across the Nation have already completed and returned their 

report forms for the 1978 Census of Agriculture. If you have done so, thank you for your 

promptness. You have helped us get an early start in tabulating the census results. 

If you have not completed and returned your report form, this is to remind you that we 

would like to have it by February 15. For the census inkmpation to be complete for your 

county and State, we need a completed report form from everyone. 

If you cannot complete your report form by February 15, please write us and request a 

time extension. Please write your request on the other side of this letter and send it to the 

address shown above_ 

If you did not conduct any agricultural operations in 1978, it is equally important for us 

to hear from you. Please complete the few items in section 1 of the report form so that 

we can clarify your status. 

Thank you for your cooperation. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WILHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

Notice - In compliance with The Privacy Act (P.L. 93579) of 1974, we are required to inform you that response to this 

inquiry is required by law (title 13, U.S. Code). By the same law YOUR REPORT TO THE CENSUS BUREAU IS 

CONFIDENTIAL. It may be seen only by sworn Census employees and may be used only for stat,5tical purposes. Your 

report CANNOT be used for purposes of taxation, investigation, or regulation. The law also provides that copies retained 

in your files are immune from legal process. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 
78-A1 (L2A) 

78-A1IL2A) 

112-78) 

FROM THE AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Washington, D.C. 20233 

Many farmers and ranchers across the Nation have already completed and returned their 

report forms for the 1978 Census of Agriculture. If you have done so, thank you for your 

promptness. You have helped us get an early start in tabulating the census results. If you 

have not completed and returned your report form, this is to remind you that we would 

like to have it by February 15. For the census information to be complete for your county 

and State, we need a completed report form from everyone. 

Everyone who receives a 1978 Census of Agricu Iture report form should answer all of the 

items that apply to them. If you did not conduct any agricultural operations in 1978, it is 

equally important for us to hear from you. Please complete the few items in section 1 of 

the report form so that we can clarify your status and avoid costly followups. 

Some of you may have received more than one 1978 census report form. If so, we would 

like to apologize for the inconvenience it may have caused. However, the census mailing 

list is made up of individuals, partnerships, companies, and corporations associated with 

agriculture. In our efforts to make the 1978 census data for your county (and each 

county) as complete as possible, we obtained lists from many sources. When possible we 

sent only one report for a partnership, and removed all duplicate and alternate addresses 

that could be identified. A different Census File Number (CFN) was assigned to each 

remaining address for record keeping purposes. It was not possible to identify every duplicate and extra address and therefore you may have received more than one report form. 

If you received more than one report form please follow this procedure to avoid receiving 

additional followup requests: 

1. Complete the report form containing the name and address you prefer to use. 

2. On the copy "FOR YOUR RECORDS" enter the 11-digit Census File Number(s) 

(CFN) that is shown in the label of all forms you received. 

3. Write "Extra" in the top margin of all the extra forms you received. 

4. Return the completed form together with the extra form(s) in the same return 

envelope. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 

149 
150 REPORT FORMS 

With this help from you we will be able to identify extra addresses and immediately remove 

them from our mail list, thus saving the expense and inconvenience to you of additional 

mailings. 

For more detailed information, see the Information Sheet provided with each report form. 

Thank you for your help, understanding, and prompt response. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WI LHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

NOTICE - Response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, U.S. Code). By the 

same law YOUR REPORT TO THE CENSUS BUREAU IS CONFIDENTIAL. It may 

be seen only by sworn Census employees and may be used only for statistical purposes. 

Your report CANNOT be used for purposes of taxation, investigation, or regulation. 

The law also provides that copies retained in your files are immune from legal process. 

78-A 1 (L2A) 
78-Al-L3 REPORT FORMS 

78-Al-L3 

/12-78) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Washington, D.C. 20233 

FROM THE CHIEF, AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

SECOND REQUEST 

We have not as yet received your completed report form for the 1978 Census of Agriculture, 

which was mailed to you earlier this year, If you mailed your report form within the last 

several days, it has probably crossed in the mails and we thank you for it, 

If you have not completed and returned your report form, please do so immediately, We 

must have your report if the census results for your county and State are to be accurate 

and complete, 

Your answers are COMPLETE L Y CON F I DENTIAL by law (title 13, U.S. Code). If you 

have any questions on how to fill out the report form, please write to us on the reverse side 

of this letter. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WILHITE 

NOTICE - To be sure we included every agricultural operation in the Census, we obtained addresses 

of persons associated with agricultural activity from many different sources. Your name and address 

may have been in several of these sources, We have done our best to unduplicate them, but know it 

was not possible to recognize and remove all extra addresses before mailing. All forms mailed are on 

our control file - each with its separate Census File Number (CFN) - and each has to be accounted 

for. Therefore, if you received several questionnaires with different CFN numbers for the same 

farming operation, mark the extra forms "Extra" and return them with your completed report. We 

then won't unknowingly continue to request reports from you after you already have completed and 

returned a form covering your agricultural operation. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICUL lURE 

151 
152 REPORT FORMS 78-A1(L4) 

78-Al (L4) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

March 6,1979 Washington, D.C 20233 

FROM THE CHIEF, AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

THIRD REQUEST 

Your completed report tmm for the 1978 Census of Agriculture, due by February 15, has 

not been received. We arc anxious to begin processing and publishing the data for all farms 

in your county and therefore need your report at this time. 

It is possible that your report form has been mislaid. We are therefore enclosing another 

copy of the report form and I nformation Sheet. If you have not returned your completed 

report, please complete and return it to us right away in the preaddressed envelope provided. Filing of this report form is required by law (title 13, United States Code). 

Let me assure you again that your individual answers will be held COMPLETE L Y CON F 1-

DENTIAL. Your answers will be used only to produce county, State, and National totals. 

Each address in our mailing list has a different Censuskile Number (CFN) and each has to 

be accounted for. If you received several forms with different CFN numbers for the same 

farming operation, mark the extra forms "Duplicate" and return them with your completed 

report. 

If you are not engaged in any agricultural activity, please complete the appropriate items on 

the report form and return it to us so that further followup letters need not be sent. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WI LHITE 

Enclosure 

IMPORTANT - In all correspondence, please include the Census File Number shown 

in the address label of your report form. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICUL lURE 
78-A 1-L4(S) 

78-A1-L4(S) 

(3-79) 

FROM THE AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

We are concerned that we have not received your completed report form for the 1978 Census 

of Agriculture. 

Please take time to fill it out and mail it to us immediately if you have not already done so. 

If figures are not readily available from your records, your best estimates are acceptable. 

Complete, accurate, and timely census results are needed by county, State, and Federal 

Government agencies; your farmer organizations, marketing associations, and co-ops; 

agricultural experiment stations; land grant colleges; and the businesse:> on which you 

depend for services, supplies, and equipment. 

If you wish to receive a copy of the major results of the census for your county, just check 

the "Yes" box in section 28 of the report form. 

Please, if your report form is not in the mail, complete ann return it to us immediately. 

Thank you very much. 

Sincerely, 

&< 

.~ 

/ 

ORVIN L. WILHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

IMPORTANT - In all correspondence, please include the Census File Number shown in 

the address label of your report form. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICUL lURE 

153 
154 REPORT FORMS 78-A1-L5 

78-Al-L5 

(3-79) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

FROM THE AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FOURTH REQUEST 

We are very much concerned that we have not received your completed report form for the 1978 Census of 

Agriculture which was due February 15_ 

Please take time to fill it out and mail it to us immediately if you have not already done so. If figures are 

not readily available from your records, your best estimates are acceptable. 

The filing of this report is required by law (title 13, United States Code) and no exceptions can be made. 

Applicable provisions of the law are shown on the reverse side of this letter_ 

Practically all farm and ranch operators in your county have responded, and we must have your report so 

that we can process the results for your county. Complete, accurate, and timely census results are needed 

by county, State, and Federal government agencies; your farmer organizations, marketing associations and 

co-ops; agricultural experiment stations; land grant colleges; and the businesses on which you depend for 

services, supplies, and equipment. 

I should also like to remind you that the results of the census for your county are directly available to you. 

To receive a copy of the results, just check the "Yes" box in section 28 of the report form. You will be able 

to review the major census results for your county and compare them with your own farming activities. 

Please, if your report form is not in the mail, complete and return it to us immediately. Thank you very 

much. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WILHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

IMPORTANT - In all correspondence, please include the Census File Number shown in the address 

label of your report form. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRJCUL lURE 
78-A1-L5 REPORT FORMS 

EXCERPTS FROM TITLE 13, UNITED STATES CODE WHICH 

RELATE TO THE CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE 

AUTHORITY TO CONDUCT CENSUS - Section 142 

(a) The Secretary shall in 1979, in 1983, and in every fifth year beginning after 1983, take a census of 

agriculture. 

(c) The data collected in each of the censuses taken under this section shall relate to the year immediately 

preceding the year in which such census is taken. 

AUTHORITY TO COLLECT PRELIMINARY AND SUPPLEMENTAL STATISTICS - Section 193 

In advance of, in conjunction with, or after the taking of each census provided for by this chapter, the 

Secretary may make surveys and collect such preliminary and supplementary statistics related to the 

main topic of the census as are necessary to the initiation, taking, or completion thereof. 

MANDATORY PROVISIONS OF LAW 

Section 221 

(a) Whoever, being over eighteen years of age, refuses or willfully neglects, when requested by the 

Secretary, or by any other authorized officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau 

or agency thereof acting under the instructions of the Secretary or authorized officer, to answer, to the 

best of his knowledge, any of the questions on any schedule submitted to him in connection with any 

census or survey provided for by subchapters I, II, IV, and V of chapter 5 of this title, applying to 

himself or to the family to which he belongs or is related, or to the farm or farms of which he or his 

family is the occupant, shall be fined not more than $100. 

(b) Whoever, when answering questions described in subsection (a) of this section, and under the conditions 

or circumstances described in such subsection, willfully gives any answer that is false, shall be fined 

not more than $500. 

Section 224 

Whoever, being the owner, official, agent, person in charge, or assistant to the person in charge, of any 

company, business, institution, establishment, religious body, or organization of any nature whatsoever, 

neglects or refuses, when requested by the Secretary or other authorized officer or employee of the 

Department of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof, to answer completely and correctly to the best of 

his knowledge all questions relating to his company, business, institution, establ ish me nt, rei igious body, 

or other organization, or to records or statistics in his official custody, contained on any census or other 

schedule or questionnaire prepared and submitted to him under the authority of this title, shall be fined 

not more than $500; and if he willfully gives a false answer to any such questions, he shall be fined not 

more than $10,000. 

CONFIDENTIALITY OF INFORMATION 

Section 9 

Neither the Secretary, nor any other officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau or 

agency thereof, may, except as provided in section 8 of this title [which permits only the release of identifiable personal information to a respondent or the heir, successor or agent of such respondent] _ 

(1) use the information furnished under the provisions of this title for any purpose other than the statis. 

tical purposes for which it is supplied; or 

(2) make any publication whereby the data furnished by any particular establishment or individual under 

this title can be identified; or 

(3) permit anyone other than the sworn officers and employees of the Department or bureau or agency thereof to examine the individual reports. . 

No department, bureau, agency, officer, or employee of the ~overnment, except the Secretary in carrying 

out the purposes of thiS title, shall require, for any reason, copies of census reports which have been retained 

by any such establishment or individual. Copies of census reports which have been so retained shall be 

immune from legal process, and shall not, without the consent of the individual or establishment concerned 

be admitted as evidence or used for any purpC'·e in any action, suit, or other judicial or administrativ~ proceeding. 

Section 214 

Whoever, being or having been an employee or staff member referred to in subchapter II of chapter I of this 

title! having taken and subsc.ribed the oath of office, or having sworn to observe the limitations imposed by 

section 9 of thiS title, publishes or communicates any Information, the disclosure of which is prohibited 

under the provisions of section. 9 of this title, and which ~o.mes into ~is possession by reason of his being 

employed (or otherWise prOViding services) under the prOVISions of thiS title, shall be fined not more than 

$5,000 or imprisioned not more than 5 years, or both. 

78.A 1·L5 

13.79) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

155 
156 REPORT FORMS 78-A 1-L6 

78-A 1-L6 

(4-79) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

FROM THE AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FIFTH REQUEST 

A report form for the 1978 Census of Agriculture was sent to you the first of the year and 

was due February 15. You are one of only a few who have not yet sent in the completed 

form. We must have your report to insure that the census is complete and accurate down 

to the county level. 

Perhaps you have misplaced the report form sent to you earlier. If so, use the additional 

copy which we have enclosed along with another Information Sheet and preaddressed 

envelope. 

Remember, your report is required by law (title 13, United States Code) and can be used 

only to produce statistical totals. Your report will be held in strictest confidence. It cannot be seen by anyone outside the Census Bureau_ Applicable sections of the law are 

printed on the reverse side of th is letter_ 

We are depending upon you to join us in the cooperative effort so that the Census Bureau 

can publish information that represents a true and accurate picture of the status of the 

American farmer today. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WILHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

Enclosures 

IMPORTANT - In all correspondence, please include the Census File Number shown 

in the address label of your report form_ 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 
78-Al-L6 REPORT FORMS 

EXCERPTS FROM TITLE 13, UNITED STATES CODE WHICH 

RELATE TO THE CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE 

AUTHORITY TO CONDUCT CENSUS - Section 142 

(a) The Secretary shall in 1979, in 1983, and in every fifth year beginning after 1983, take a census of 

agriculture. 

(c) The data collected in each of the censuses taken under this section shall relate to the year immediately 

preceding the year in which such census is taken. 

AUTHORITY TO COLLECT PRELIMINARY AND SUPPLEMENTAL STATISTICS - Section 193 

In advance of, in conjunction with, or after the taking of each census provided for by this chapter, the 

Secretary may make surveys and collect such preliminary and supplementary statistics related to the 

main topic of the census as are necessary to the initiation, taking, or completion thereof. 

MANDATORY PROVISIONS OF LAW 

Section 221 

(a) Whoever, being over eighteen years of age, refuses or willfully neglects, when requested by the 

Secretary, or by any other authorized officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau 

or agency thereof acting under the instructions of the Secretary or authorized officer, to answer, to the 

best of his knowledge, any of the questions on any schedule submitted to him in connection with any 

census or survey provided for by subchapters I, II, IV, and V of chapter 5 of this title, applying to 

himself or to the family to which he belongs or is related, or to the farm or farms of which he or his 

family is the occupant, shall be fined not more than $100. 

(b) Whoever, when answering questions described in subsection (a) of this section, and under the conditions 

or circumstances described in such subsection, willfully gives any answer that is false, shall be fined 

not more than $500. 

Section 224 

Whoever, being the owner, official, agent, person in charge, or assistant to the person in charge, of any 

company, business, institution, establishment, religious body, or organization of any nature whatsoever, 

neglects or refuses, when requested by the Secretary or other authorized officer or employee of the 

Department of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof, to answer completely and correctly to the best of 

his knowledge all questions relating to his company, business, institution, establishment, religious body, 

or other organization, or to records or statistics in his official custody, contained on any census or other 

schedule or questionnaire prepared and submitted to him under the authority of this title, shall be fined 

not more than $500; and if he willfully gives a false answer to any such questions, he shall be fined not 

more than $10,000. 

CONFIDENTIALITY OF INFORMATION 

Section 9 

Neither the Secretary, nor any other officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau or 

agency thereof, may, except as provided in section 8 of this title [which permits only the release of identifiable personal information to a respondent or the heir, successor or agent of such respondent) -

(1) use the information furnished under the provisions of this title for any purpose other than the statistical purposes for which it is supplied; or 

(2) make any publication whereby the data furnished by any particular establishment or individual under 

this title can be identified; or 

(3) permit anyone other than the sworn officers and employees of the Department or bureau or agency 

thereof to examine the individual reports. 

No department, bureau, agency, officer, or employee of the Government, except the Secretary in carrying 

out the purposes of this title, shall require, for any reason, copies of census reports which have been retained 

by any such establishment or individual. Copies of census reports which have been so retained shall be 

immune hom legal process, and shall not, without the consent of the individual or establishment concerned 

be admitted as evidence or used for any purpose in any action, suit, or other judicial or administrativ~ proceeding. 

Section 214 

Whoever, being or having been an employee or staff member referred to in subchapter II of chapter I of this 

title, having taken and subscribed the oath of office, or having sworn to observe the limitations imposed by 

section 9 of this title, publishes or communicates any information, the disclosure of which is prohibited 

under the provisions of section 9 of this title, and which comes into his possession by reason of his being 

employed (or otherwise providing services) under the provisions of this title, shall be fined not more than 

$5,000 or imprisioned not more than 5 Years, or both. 

78·A l-L6 (4-79) u.s. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

157 
158 REPORT FORMS 78-Al-L6(S) 

78-A 1-L6(S) 

(3-79) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

FROM THE AGR ICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

We are very much concerned that we have not received your completed report form for the 

1978 Census of Agriculture_ 

Please take time to fill it out and mail it to us immediately if you have not already done so. 

If figures are not readily available from your records, your best estimates are acceptable. 

The filing of this report is required by law (title 13, United States Code) and no exceptions 

can be made_ Applicable provisions of the law are shown on the reverse side of this letter. 

Practically all farm and ranch operators in your county have responded, and we must have 

your report so that we can process the results for your county. Complete, accurate, and 

timely census results are needed by county, State,and Federal Government agencies; your 

farmer organizations, marketing associations, and co-ops; agricultural experiment stations; 

land grant colleges; and the businesses on which you depend for services, supplies, and 

equipment_ 

I should also like to remind you that the results of the census for your county are directly 

available to you_ To receive a copy of the results, just check the "Yes" box in section 28 

of the report form_ You will be able to review the major census results for your county and 

compare them with your own farming activities_ 

Please, if your report form is not in the mail, complete and return it to us immediately. 

Thank you very much_ 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WILHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

IMPORTANT -- In all correspondence, please include the Census File Number shown 

in the address label of your report form_ 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 
78-A1-L6(S) REPORT FORMS 

EXCERPTS FROM TITLE 13, UNITED STATES CODE WHICH 

RELATE TO THE CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE 

AUTHORITY TO CONDUCT CENSUS - Section 142 

(a) The Secretary shall in 1979, in 1983, and in every fifth year beginning after 1983, take a census of 

agriculture. 

(c) The data collected in each of the censuses taken under this section shall relate to the year immediately 

preceding the year in which such census is taken. 

AUTHORITY TO COLLECT PRELIMINARY AND SUPPLEMENTAL STATISTICS - Section 193 

In advance of, in conjunction with, or after the taking of each census provided for .by this chapter, the 

Secretary may make surveys and collect such preliminary and supplementary statistics related to the 

main topic of the census as are necessary to the initiation, taking, or completion thereof. 

MANDATORY PROVISIONS OF LAW 

Section 221 

(a) Whoever, being over eighteen years of age, refuses or willfully neglects, when requested by the 

Secretary, or by any other authorized officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof acting under the instructions of the Secretary or authorized officer, to answer, to the 

best of his knowledge, any of the questions on any schedule submitted to him in connection with any census or survey provided for by subchapters I, II, IV, and V of chapter 5 of this title, applying to 

himself or to the family to which he belongs or is related, or to the farm or farms of which he or his 

family is the occupant, shall be fined not more than $100. 

(b) Whoever, when answering questions described in subsection (a) of this section, and under the conditions or circumstances described in such subsection, willfully gives any answer that is false, shall be fined 

not more than $500. 

Section 224 

Whoever, being the owner, official, agent, person in charge, or assistant to the person in charge, of any 

company, business, institution, establishment, religious body, or organization of any nature whatsoever, 

neglects or refuses, when requested by the Secretary or other authorized officer or employee of the 

Department of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof, to answer completely and correctly to the best of 

his knowledge all questions relating to his company, business, institution, establishment, rei igious body, 

or other organization, or to records or statistics in his official custody, contained on any census or other 

schedule or questionnaire· prepared and submitted to him under the authority of this title, shall be fined 

not more than $500; and if he willfully gives a false answer to any such questions, he shall be fined not 

more than $10,000. 

CONFIDENTIALITY OF INFORMATION 

Section 9 

Neither the Secretary, nor any other officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau or 

agency thereof, may, except as provided in section 8 of this title [which permits only the release of identifiable personal information to a respondent or the heir, successor or agent of such respondent) -

(1) use the information furnished under the provisions of this title for any purpose other than the statistical purposes for which it is supplied; or 

(2) make any publication whereby the data furnished by any particular establishment or individual under 

this title can be identified; or 

(3) permit anyone other than the sworn officers and employees of the Department or bureau or agency 

thereof to examine the individual reports. 

No department, burea~, ~gency, office~, or employee of the ~overnment. except the Secretary in carrying 

out the purposes of thiS title, shall reqUire, for any reason, copies of census reports which have been retained 

by any such establishment or individual. Copies of census reports which have been so retained shall be 

immune from legal process, and shall not, without the consent of the individual or establishment concerned 

be admitted as evidence or used for any purpose in any action, suit, or other judicial or administrativ~ 

proceeding. 

Section 214 

Whoever, being or having been an employee or staff member referred to in subchapter II of chapter I of this 

title: having tak~n ~nd subs~ribed the oath of. office, or ~aving sv~orn to observe the limitations imposed by 

section 9 of t~l~ title, publ.lshes or co~m.unlcates any Informatl?n, the disclosure of which is prohibited 

under the provIsions ?f sectl<?n.9 of t~IS title, and which ~o.mes Into ~is possession by reason of his being 

employed !or o.therwlse providing services) under the provIsions of thiS title, shall be fined not more than 

$5,000 or ImprISoned not more than 5 years, or both. 

78·A 1 .L6 (5) 

(S-79) u.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

159 
160 REPORT FORMS 78-Al-L7 

78-A1-L7 

(3-79) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the. Census 

FROM THE ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Washington, D.C. 20233 

OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR 

In reply refer to: 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

1201 EAST TENTH STREET 

JEFFERSONVILLE, INDIANA 47132 

Our records show that you have not yet filed your report for the 1978 Census of Agriculture. A report form was sent to you earlier this year and since then we have sent you 

several letters informing you that this report is required by law and that there are penalties 

for failure to report. Pertinent sections of the census law are reproduced on the other side 

of this letter for your information. 

If we do not receive your completed report form or a sjltisfactory explanation within 

2 weeks, your case may be referred to the General Counsel of the Department of Commerce 

for appropriate legal action. 

But we would much rather have your report. The Census Bureau's responsibility is to 

collect and publish reliable county statistics needed about farming operations in this Nation 

and we only wish to make certain that the census data for your county are as complete and 

accurate as possible. 

Your cooperation in this matter is essential and please remember - accurate figures for your 

county depend upon you. 

Sincerely, 

SHIRLEY KALLEK 

NOTE - If you correspond with us regarding your report, please include the 11-di\:Jit 

Census File Number (number following "CFN") shown in the address label. 

---------------------------~ 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 
78-A1-L7 REPORT FORMS 

EXCERPTS FROM TITLE 13, UNITED STATES CODE WHICH 

RELATE TO THE CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE 

AUTHORITY TO CONDUCT CENSUS - Section 142 

(al The Secretary shall in 1979, in 1983, and in every fifth year beginning after 1983, take a census of 

agriculture. 

Icl The data collected in each of the censuses taken under this section shall relate to the year immediately 

preceding the year in which such census is taken. 

AUTHORITY TO COLLECT PRELIMINARY AND SUPPLEMENTAL STATISTICS - Section 193 

In advance of, in conjunction with, or after the taking of each census provided for by this chapter, the 

Secretary may make surveys and collect such preliminary and supplementary statistics related to the 

main topic of the census as are necessary to the initiation, taking, or completion thereof. 

MANDATORY PROVISIONS OF LAW 

Section 221 

(a) Whoever, being over eighteen years of age, refuses or willfully neglects, when requested by the 

Secretary, or by any other authorized officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau 

or agency thereof acting under the instructions of the Secretary or authorized officer, to answer, to the 

best of his knowledge, any of the questions on any schedule submitted to him in connection with any 

census or survey provided for by subchapters I, II, IV, and V of chapter 5 of this title, applying to 

himself or to the family to which he belongs or is related, or to the farm or farms of which he or his 

family is the occupant, shall be fined not more than $100. 

(b) Whoever, when answering questions described in subsection (a) of this section, and under the conditions 

or circumstances described in such subsection, willfully gives any answer that is false, shall be fined 

not more than $500. 

Section 224 

Whoever, being the owner, official, agent, person in charge, or assistant to the person in charge, of any 

company, business, institution, establishment, religious body, or organization of any nature whatsoever, 

neglects or refuses, when requested by the Secretary or other authorized officer or employee of the 

Department of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof, to answer completely and correctly to the best of 

his knowledge all questions relating to his company, business, institution, establishment, religious body, 

or other organiZation, or to records or statistics in his official custody, contained on any census or other 

schedule or questionnaire prepared and submitted to him under the authority of this title, shall be fined 

not more than $500: and if he willfully gives a false answer to any such questions, he shall b2 fined not 

more than $10,000. 

CONFIDENTIALITY OF INFORMATION 

Section 9 

Neither the Secretary, nor any other officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau or 

agency thereof, may, except as provided in section 8 of this title [which permits only the release of identifiable personal information to a respondent or the heir, successor or agent of such respondent] -

(11 use the information furnished under the provisions of this title for any purpose other than the statistical purposes for which it is supplied; or 

(2) make any publication whereby the data furnished by any particular establishment or individual under 

this title can be identified; or 

(3) permit anyone other than the sworn officers and employees of the Department or bureau or agency 

thereof to examine the individual reports. 

No department, bureau, agency, officer, or employee of the Government, except the Secretary in carrying 

out the purposes of this title, shall require, for any reason, copies of census reports which have been retained 

by any such establishment or individual. Copies of census reports which have been so retained shall be 

immune from legal process, and shall not, without the consent of the individual or establishment concerned 

be admitted as evidence or used for any purpose in any action, suit, or other judicial or administrativ~ 

proceeding. 

Section 214 

Whoever, being or having been an employee or staff member referred to in subchapter" of chapter I of this 

title, having taken and subscribed the oath of office, or having sworn to observe the limitations imposed by 

section 9 of this title, publishes or communicates any' information, the disclosure of which is prohibited 

under the provisions of secti<?n. 9 of t~is title, and which c.o.mes into ~is possession by reason of his being 

employed (or otherwise prOViding services) under the provIsions of this title, shall be fined not more than 

$5,000 or imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both. 

78-AI-L7 (3-79) 

161 
162 REPORT FORMS 78-A 1-L7(S) 

78-A ,-L7(S) 

(3-79) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

FROM THE AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

A report form for the 1978 Census of Agriculture was sent to you earlier this year. You are 

one of only a few who have not yet sent in the completed form. We must have your report 

to insure that the census for your county is complete and accurate. 

Perhaps you have misplaced the report form sent to you earlier. If so, use the additional 

copy which we have enclosed along with another Information Sheet and preaddressed 

envelope. 

Your report, which is required by law (title 13, United States Code), can be used only to 

produce statistical totals. Your report will be completely confidential. It cannot be seen 

by anyone except sworn Census employees. Applicable sections of the law are printed on 

the reverse side of this letter. 

We are depending upon you to join us in the cooperative effort so that the Census Bureau 

can publish true and accurate totals for your county. The periodic censuses are the farmers' 

opportunity to report the actual situation in agriculture in 1978. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN 

~ 

L. WILHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

Enclosures 

IMPORTANT - In all correspondence, please include the Census File Number shown 

in the address label of your report form. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRJCUL lURE 
78-A l-Ll(S) REPORT FORMS 

EXCERPTS FROM TITLE 13, UNITED STATES CODE WHICH 

RELATE TO THE CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE 

AUTHORITY TO CONDUCT CENSUS - Section 142 

(a) The Secretary shall in 1979, in 1983, and in every fifth year beginning after 1983, take a census of 

agriculture. 

(c) The data collected in each of the censuses taken under this section shall relate to the year immediately 

preceding the year in which such census is taken. 

AUTHORITY TO COLLECT PRELIMINARY AND SUPPLEMENTAL STATISTICS - Section 193 

In advance of, in conjunction with, or after the taking of each census provided for by this chapter, the 

Secretary may make surveys and collect such preliminary and supplementary statistics related to the 

main topic of the census as are necessary to the initiation, taking, or completion thereof. 

MANDATORY PROVISIONS OF LAW 

Section 221 

(a) Whoever, being over eighteen years of age, refuses or willfully neglects, when requested by the 

Secretary, or by any other authorized officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau 

or agency thereof acting under the instructions of the Secretary or authorized officer, to answer, to the 

best of his knowledge, any of the questions on any schedule submitted to him in connection with any 

census or survey provided for by subchapters I, II, IV, and V of chapter 5 of this title, applying to 

himself or to the family to which he belongs or is related, or to the farm or farms of which he or his 

family is the occupant, shall be fined not more than $100. 

(b) Whoever, when answering questions described in subsection (a) of this section, and under the conditions 

or circumstances described in such subsection, willfully gives any answer that is false, shall be fined 

not more than $500. 

Section 224 

Whoever, being the owner, official, agent, person in charge, or assistant to the person in charge, of any 

company, business, institution, establishment, religious body, or organization of any nature whatsoever, 

neglects or refuses, when requested by the Secretary or other authorized officer or employee of the 

Department of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof, to answer completely and correctly to the best of 

his knowledge all questions relating to his company, business, institution, establishment, rei igious body, 

or other organization, or to records or statistics in his official custody, contained on any census or other 

schedule or questionnaire prepared and submitted to him under the authority of this title, shall be fined 

not more than $500; and if he willfully gives a false answer to any such questions, he shall be fined not 

more than $10,000. 

CONFIDENTIALITY OF INFORMATION 

Section 9 

Neither the Secretary, nor any other officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau or 

agency thereof, may, except as provided in section 8 of this title [which permits only the release of identifiable personal information to a respondent or the heir, successor or agent of such respondent] -

(1) use the information furnished under the provisions of this title for any purpose other than the statistical purposes for which it is supplied; or 

(2) make any publication whereby the data furnished by any particular establishment or individual under 

this title can be identified; or 

(3) permit anyone other than the sworn officers and employees of the Department or bureau or agency 

thereof to examine the individual reports. 

No department, burea~, agency, officer, or employee of the <:Jovernment, except the Secretary in carrying 

out the purposes of thiS title, shall require, for any reason, copies of census reports which have been retained 

by any such establishment or individual. Copies of census reports which have been so retained shall be 

immune from legal process, and shall not, without the consent of the individual or establishment concerned 

be admitted as evidence or used for any purpose in any action, suit, or other judicial or administrativ~ proceeding. 

Section 214 

Whoever, being or having been an employee or staff member referred to in subchapter II of chapter I of this 

title .. having tak~n ~nd subsc.ribed the oath of.office, or having sworn to observe the limitations imposed by 

section 9 of thiS title, publishes or communicates any information, the disclosure of which is prohibited 

under the provisions of section 9 of this title, and which comes into his possession by reason of his being 

employed (or otherWise prOViding services) under the provisions of this title shall be fined not more than 

$5,000 or imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both. ' 

78-Al-L7\Sl (3-79) 

163 
164 REPORT FORMS 78-A1-L8 

.c..,+t.""" 0,.("0 ..... 

78-A l-L8 (3-79) 

4. ... 0. \~ jf ..... ~ 

~ ~J: UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE c. . - Bureau of the Census ""~ ·r I! Data Preparation Division ~.o ~/' ,..~ s'"''' Q' ~+ Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

Do you need help in completing your 1978 Census of Agriculture 

report? 

If so, you can get help. 

You can take your Census report to your county ASCS office or 

Extension service office, and they will be glad to he]~) you. I 

Vocational agriculture teachers and students have learned how 

to fill the Census report and may be willing to help you. 

Or, you can call the Census Bureau, free. Just tell the telephone 

operator to place a collect call to the Census Bureau, area code 

812-335-1271. When your call is connected to one of us, say 

that you want to complete your agriculture census report. 

Your census report is important to your county. Please send us 

your completed form or call us within the next week. 

Sincerely, 

~ 

ORVIN L. vVILHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

Bureau of the Census 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICUL lURE 
78-A1-L9 

78·Al·l9 

May 7, 1979 

FROM THE AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Washington, DC, 20233 

Your completed report form for the 1978 Census of Agriculture, due by February 15, 

has not been received. We are anxious to begin processing and publishing the data for all 

farms in your county and therefore need your report at this time. 

If you mailed your report within the last several days, it probably has crossed this request 

in the mail. If for some reason you received and completed a form with a different address, 

please return this report with the CFN (11 digit file number) and name and address used 

for the completed report, or a copy of your completed file copy. This will enable us to 

locate the completed report for your operation. 

Again, if you have not yet returned your completed report form, please do so within 7 days. 

We must have your report if the census results for your county and State are to be accurate 

and complete. Filing of this report form is required by law (title 13, United States Code). 

If you have any questions or need assistance, please call collect at (301) 763-5888 and 

ask for Brian Ingram. Thank you again for your help in the 1978 Census of Agriculture. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WILHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 

165 
166 REPORT FORMS 78-A1-L10 

78-Al-L 10 

(5-79) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Washington, D.C. 20233 

OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR 

A MESSAGE FROM THE DEPUTY DIRECTOR 

BUREAU OF THE CENSlJS 

In rep Iy refer to: 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

1201 EAST TENTH STREET 

JEFFERSONVILLE, INDIANA 47132 

We have been writing to you since January asking you to complete your report form for 

the 1978 Census of Agriculture. Most recently we called your attention to your legal 

responsibility to respond. 

Before we decide whether to refer your case to the General Counsel of the Department of 

Commerce for possible legal action, let me try one more time to explain why we are so 

persistent. 

We need your filled out report to help us complete the 1978 Census of Agriculture. 

Without it the figures for your county are incomplete. Census data are used by many organizations - farmer, public, and private - when making decisions which directly affect you. 

These are organizations on which you depend for information, supplies, and equipment. 

National and local farmer organizations (perhaps you belong to one or more) have urged 

thei r members to send in their filled out forms; they know the importance of using complete 

and accurate county-by-county information, which only the census of agriculture can 

provide. 

Perhaps you feel that your operation, if you do operate a farm, is too small to be reported, 

or maybe you are one of the few on our list who is not involved in farming and who, by 

error, got on our list. If you are in either group, we need to clear our records; so please 

take a few minutes to answer those questions which apply to your situation, and return 

the report form to us. 

For your convenience we are enclosing another report form and preaddressed envelope. 

Sincerely, 

&~~./)~ 

Enclosures 

We need one completed 1978 census report for every agricultural operating unit in the 

United States - but only one. If you receive more than one report form with different 

CFN numbers, it is because our mailing' list contains more than one address that delivers 

mail to you and we do not have enough information to know that the addresses are 

"d upl icates." 

If you have already mailed your completed report, but have received this request from 

us, please write across the top of the enclosed form "Extra - See CFN " 

and return the form to us in the enclosed envelope. (If possible, enter the CFN number 

of the completed 1978 agriculture census report from your record copy; otherwise, 

describe the name and address under which your agriculture census report was filed.) 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICUL lURE 
78-A1 (PR)SP REPORT FORMS 

Forma Aprobada, Numero del O.M.B. 41-S78018 

FORMA 78- AI(PR)SP (3.17_18) 

DEPARTAMENTO DE COMERCIQ A Id f J die . . 0NEEl;c;sc~As6~~~SL uc~~~~ f-_______ ;::...-.:.:.e:::n:..:':..:i .:;ic:.:":;c,'o;,:n;..:..:..:--:.u:,;·:..;'r':.:'o:.:n.::.":.:""-o _____ r.:-::--:-:-:-1 Numero Numero de sene usa DEL del 

municipio 

Municipio 

Barrio 

Numero del 

DE usa DEL CENSO de la flnca CENSO 

CENSO DE 

AGRICULTURA - 1978 

PUERTO RICO 

B. Nombre y Direccion de Correos del Operodor 

AVISO _ La con~estacion a esta encuesta es requerida por ley del Congreso 

de los Estados Unidos (U.S.c.. t{tulo (3). Por la misma ley, su informe al 

Negociado del Censo es confidencial. Solamente puede ser VISto por 

empleados Juramentados del Censo y puede ser usado solamente para 

~~~~~~\~~~ ~~t~~~sut~~~~~. ~n~t:sti~:~;6~ oC~~:J:lm~~ta~~2:.e ser usado para 

Nombre : lnlciaj 0 segundo nombre ! Apel!idos 

, ' Apartado postal, ruta y apartado rural, calle y numero 

BarriO (si es necesario) 

C ,udad 0 pueblo 

usa DEL CENSO SOLAMENTE 

035 036 

Seccion 1 ) CUERDAS EN LOS UL TIMOS 12 MESES " (ENTREVISTADOR: Cuando sea necesario Informar parte de una cuerda. haga/o en numeros enteros 

bajo cent~simos y no en frocciones 0 decimoles. Ejemplo: Centesimos OS, 10, 25, 75, 95.) 

I Clave ZIP 

N I ng una ~,.-:C:.:uc:.c::'d.::a,,-' _-L,.-:C:.:e.:.cn:..:,ec:.'cc' mc;0c:.'--j 

1. TOTAL DE TIERRA DE SU PROPIEDAD 1::-1 

(ENTREVISTADOR: Si e/ operodor es un administrador asoianodo, onate lodo 10 tierra admirJlstroda 

en fa partida I - "Tierra de su propledod" y onate esta cantidod en 10 parr ida 4 -

"Total de cuerdas en este lugor.") 

2. TIERRA RENTADA (ARRENDADA) DE OTROS :::; 

3. TIERRA REHTADA (ARREHDADA) A OTROS. (Ho inc!uya las cuerdas trobajadas pOT medioneros 

y agregodos.) 

4. TOTAL DE CUERDAS EN ESTE LUGAR • 

(ENTREVISTADOR: Sume 10 tierra de su propiedod (partido I) Q tierra orrendodo de orros (partido 2) 

y restele 10 contidod de tierra orrendoda a oUos (partida 3) y anote el (otaf oquf.) 

(Para tierra administroda onoCe 10 canUdod de 10 partida I.) 

5. TIERRA REHTADA DE OTROS (De la siguiente informacion para coda uno de los duenos de tierra.) 

Nombre Direcci~n 

6. TIERRA REHTADA A OTROS (D~ la siguiente informacion para cada uno de los arrendatorios.). 

Nombre 

[I 

045 

046 

7. TIERRA ADMIHISTRADA COMO ADMIHISTRADOR ASALARIADO (De 10 siguiente informacion concerniente 0 su patron.) 

Nombre Direccion 

Secci"n 2 > LOCALIZACION DE LOS TERRENOS AGRICOLAS QUE OPERABA EN LOS UL TIMOS 12 MESES 

1. iEstobon todos los terrenos agrlcolas situados en el municipio 002 

Cuerd<ls Cent. 

047 

0" 

CuercJas Cent. 

oso 

oS! 

052 

Cuerdas I Cent. 

053 

y borrio indicado en 10 esquino superior derecho de esta pagina? .. • 2 [1 No - llene esta seccL6n 1 [~ 1 SI - Pose a 10 secclon 3 

Anot.e en 1£1 primera lInea el barr~o y e! muniCIpIO donde mantenlil. las operac~ones pnnclpales; anote tuego los barrIOS y munlCiplos <ldlClonales en los esp.1.CIOS 

prOVlstos. SI es necesario. continue en "OBSERVACIONES" en la ultima paglna. 

Sarrio y 

municipio 

prinCipal 

Otros 

barrios y 

munlclploS 

Nombre del barrio MunIcIpio 

TOTAL DE CUERDAS - Debe ser igual 01 numero de cuerdos en 10 partida 4, secci6n 1. 

Cuerd.:lS 'C<"nt. 

OS4 

oss 

oss 

057 

058 

167 
168 REPORT FORMS 

Secci"n 3 > CAN A DE AZUCAR 

1. t Se produio clguna CAHA DE AZUCAR en este lugor en los Jltimos 12 meses? 

1 I. I SI - LJene esta seccion 

2 L-I No - Pose a /0 secci6n 4 

o. Cono de gran culturo 

b. Cono de pri movero . 

c:. Cono de retonos. 

d. Cano quedodo para semillo 

e. Cono quedoda cortodo pora forroje . 

f. CANA TOT AL (Sume las onotaciones de las preguntos 

"0" a /0 "e" y onote el total oqu/) 

Secci"n 4 > CAFE, TABACO, 0 PINAS 

I. iC05ECHO u,'ed olgun CAFE, TABACO, 0 PINA5 

en este lugor en los ultimos 12 meses? 

00< 

1 I I S( - lIene esta seccion 

Cuerdas 

cosechadas 

(I' 

Toneladas 

cosechadas 

(2) 

N I nguna l-:

o

"'60:---=C",ue"-,,,,da"" __ -i-' -,C",e",n",t.-r= __ ..cT:.o",neoc'a",d",ac:.' ----1 

I~I 

062 

066 

06' 

I~I 

070 

Cuerdas 

cosechadas 

(I) 

Cantidad 

cosechada 

063 

065 

071 

Cantidad 

vendida 

2 [=J No - Pose a 10 secclon 5 

N Inguno 1-:

0

:::-,:-, -=c",ue",'-=-da"",-~--"c-=-en""-+-:-o,_, __ --,(-,,2) ____ f--___ -,-(3"-) ___ --j 

a. Caf~ bojo sombr~ . 

b. Cafe' sin sombr~ 

c. Toboco 

d. Pine ... 

Secci"n 5 > GRANOS Y FARINACEOS 

1. iSe cosecho en este lugar en los 

ultimos 12 meses algunos de los 

siguientes produc:tas? 

a. Gandures 

b. Hobichuelos secas. 

c. Hobichuelos verdes 

d. Me[z 

e. Malangos 

f. Yucos .. 

g. Apio . 

h. Batotos . 

i. Names .. 

k. Arroz 

Secci"n 6 > FRUTAS 

Ninguna 

1=1 

[J 

1--:1 

r.:1 

I~I 

r:J 

:1 

065 

0 •• 

09' 

09' 

100 

103 

106 

,09 

112 

liS 

[I 

1.-_1 

[I 

076 

079 

062 

Cuerdas cosechadas 

(I) 

Cuerdas I Cent. , 

, 

, 

1. iHay &rboles fruteles, guineas, plotonos, 0 polmas de cocos en este lugar? 

Qq. Qq. 

on 078 

Qq. Qq. 

060 06' 

Lbs. Lbs. 

083 

Tons Tons 

Cantidad cosechada Cantldad vend ida 

(2) (3) 

Qq. Qq. 

066 

I 

089 090 

092 093 

095 096 

098 099 

10' 102 

'0' 105 

107 10. 

113 '" 

116 '17 

001'. I [ 151 - Llene eslO seccion r---------.---------,-------~------__l 

2 1 ~) No - Pose a 10 secci6n 7 No en produccion En produccion Cantidad Cantidad 

2. iCuoles de estas frutos tiene sembrodes a 

cosecho en esto finco en los ultimos 12 meses? 

o. Cocos 

b. Toranjos 

c. Chinos 

d. Aguocates 

e. Chironjos . 

f. Plotonas 

g. Guineos 

h. Odro 

i. Mangos 

j. Popayas 

(I) Cz) cosechada vend ida 

Ninguna Numero de 5rboles 0 mil(ilS Numero de arboles 0 matils (3) (4) 

116 119 120 12' Cientos 

Cientos Clentos 

'27 '" '29 

[I Cientos Clen,os 

130 '" '" 

I Millares Millares 

'3< 135 '37 

Clentos Clentos 

13' '<0 '" Millares Millares 

'<5 

Millilres Millares 

"6 ". '" Qq. Qq. 

150 152 153 

Millares Mdlares 

'5< 155 156 15' 

Lbs. Lbs. 

Pagloa 2 

78-A 1 (P R )SP 
78-A1 (PR)SP REPORT FORMS 

Secci"" 7 VEGETALES 

1.lCultivC: usted algunos vegetales (hortalizas) para 10 vento en los ~ltimos 

007 I [] sf - lIene esto seccion 

2 Cl No - Pose Q /0 seccion 8 

2. lCu~tes de los siguientes vegetoles (hortati:z.os) 

conchO: usted en este lugor en los ~Itimos 12 meses? 

o. Tomotes 

b. Pepinillos . 

c. Habichuelas tiernas 

d. Lechugas 

e. Pimientos 

f. Repollos 

g. Bere-nlenos .•.•....•... 

h. Calabozos ... 

i. Ai: dulce ........... . 

j. Otros vegetales . . . . , ........ . 

Seeci"n 8) PASTOS CUL TIVADOS Y 10 MEJORADOS 

1. iTuvo us.ed olgun 'e"eno en PASTOS CULTIVADOS ylo MEJORADOS 

en este luger en los ultimo'S 12 meses? 

ooe 1 0 SI - LJene esto secci6n 

2 CJ No - Pose a fa seccion 9 

c. Mclojitlo 

b. Guinea 

c. Merker 

d. Pangolo 

e. Yeregud 

f. Millo (sorghums) 

g. Yerba elefan1'e .. 

h. ES1'relio. 

12 meses? 

Ninguno 

Cl 

[l 

[l 

0 

0 

CJ 

0 

0 

Cl 

0 

Ntnguno 

0 

0 

[J 

[J 

0 

0 

0 

0 

i. 01'ras yerbas cul1'ivables . . . . . . . . . . 0 

\58 

.60 

'62 

." 

.66 

170 

172 

." 

176 

178 

"0 

." 

186 

190 

192 

.94 

S.cci6" 9 > PLANTAS ORNAMENT ALES Y DE FLORES, GRAMA PARA CESPED 

l.lTenla us1'ed sembradas para 10 ven1'a PLANTAS ORNAMENTALES 0 DE FLORES, 

o GRAMA PARA CESPED en es1'e lugor en los ultimos 12 meses? 

009 1 [J S( - Llene esto seccion 

Cuerdas cosechadas 

para la venta 

(I) 

Cuerdas : Cent. 

Cuerdas para pastoreo 

solamente 

(I) 

Cuerdas . Cent. 

2 [J No - Pose a la seccion /0 Area usada en los ultimos 12 meses 

a. Grama pera c~sped 

b. Plantas ornomen1'ales 

c. Plantas de Hores 

Secci6" 10) OTROS PRODUCTOS AGRICOLAS 

Ninguna 

CJ 

[} 

[] 

Pies cuadrado$ 

bajo sornbra. 

(I) 

'99 

.97 

200 

203 

Cuerdas Cent. 

(2) 

.59 

16' 

163 

'6> 

167 

169 

'77 

'"~ 

185 

"9 

'98 

20' 

Valor de la venta 

(2) 

Cuerdas cortadas para 

forraje 

(2) 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

Cuerdas Cent. 

Valor de las ventas 

(DoiDres unicamenteJ 

(3) 

.00 

.00 

.00 

1. lSe cosecho ~Igun o1'ro produc1'o agrfcola en es1'e lugor en los JI1'imas 12 meses? 

010 I CJ S( - Uene esta seccion 

2 [J No - Pose a /0 secci6n II 

Cuerdas cosechadas 

(I) 

Cuerdas ! Cent. 

LIbras cosechadas 

(2) 

LIbras vendldas 

(3) 

a. Nombre del producto agtfcola cosechado 205 206 

208 209 

b. Nombte del produc1'o ag,(colQ cosechado 

Secci"n 11) PRODUCTOS INTERCALADOS 

1. (. T en(a us1'ed 1'errenos sembrados con dos 0 nl'as productos? \Incluyo aqui to do terreno cultlvodo (on productos 

interca/ados toles como: cafe, chinas, y toronjas: cafe, guineas, chinos, y malangos: ma(z, hablchuelas, y yaut(as: etc. 

I [] S{ - Llene esta seccion 2 ["1 No - Pose a 10 seccion 12 

Nombre de los productos intercalados 

() Principal (2) Ouos (3) PrinCIpal (4) Otros (5) 

212 216 217 

218 

21' 219 

21S 220 

FORMA 7e·AI\PRI (3·17 761 P~glna 3 

207 

210 

(e) Otros 

222 

"3 

'" 

225 

169 
170 REPORT FORMS 

Secci~n 12) COSECHAS PRINCIPALES BAJO CUL TIVO 

1. ,Habla en este luger para el 1 de julio de 1978 

olguno de los siguientes cosechos en crecimiento? 

o. Cono de otucor 

b. Cafe 

c. Pinos. 

d. Anal. 

e. Frutos 

Secci"n 13) usa DEL TERRENO EN LOS UL TIMOS 12 MESES 

N,nguna 

II 

[I 

U 

I~I 

1-] 

Cuerdas 

226 

227 

229 

230 

EI prop6sIto de esta secclon es el de distribuH tada la tierra en este lugar entre las partidas 

2 ala 4 a continuaclon, de acuerdo al uso que se Ie die) en los ultimos 12 meses. 

Cent 

RECORDA TORIO: 

51 el m/smo terreno 

se utdlzo pora dos Cuerdas Cent. , , o mas proposJtos, 

Informe ese [erreno 

solo una vez - en 

10 Dr/mera partida 

que se aplique. 

1. "TOTAL DE CUERDAS EN ESTE LUGAR" - Viene de 10 seccion I. partido 4. pagina I .. ·l I '---~=='-c------'-r-~ Ninguna Cuerdas Cent. 

2. TERRENO CULTIVAOO (lncluya 01 terreno cosechodo, terreno donde los 

cultivos se perdieron, terreno bajo cultivo, hoyo sido 0 no cosechado, et(:.) 

3. TERRENO EN PASTO -

a. Pastas cultivados y/o mejorodos 

b. Pastas naturales 

c. Pastas naturales enmolezados 

4. OTROS TERRENOS -

231 

.. . . CI 232 

[l 

[.J '" 

U 235 

o. Montes, bosques y molezos que no se pueden utilizar pora cultivos 0 pastos [I 

b. Logos, chorcos, edificaciones, caminos, cercas 0 terrenos bald(os [I 23' 

237 

• .. 5. TOTAL DE CUEROAS (Sume las cuerdos informodos en los portidos 20 10 4 y onate el total oquf. EI totol debe __________ ~ 

ser iguol 0 10 partida I de esta secci6n.) 

Seccio'n 14) RIEGO 

1. iREGO usted alg~n terreno en este lugar durante los ultimas 12 meses? 

01<1 I 1_ \ SI - lIene es(a seccion 

2 1- \ No - Pose a 10 seccion 15 

2. Cuerdos que se regaron utilizondo SISTEMAS DE RIEGO PUBLICO. 

Metodo usado para regar: 

a. Por gravedad (surco, conal, 0 por inundacion) 

b. Par aspersion a aereo 

c. Par goteo 

3. Cuerdas que se regaron utdtzondo SISTEMAS DE RIEGO 

PRIVAOO (de pozos profundos, dos, f.achuelos, etc.) 

Metoda usado para regar: 

o. Par gravedod (surco, conal, 0 por inundocion) 

b. Por ospersi~n 0 aereo 

c. Por goteo 

4. Fuente principal de obosto de oguo para regor 

Seccio'n 15> CERDOS 

1. i Tiene usted 0 cualquiero ottO persona CEROOS 0 CEROITOS 

en e!;te lugar, 0 se vendio alguno en los ultimos 12 meses? 

I I ) S; - Llene es(o secci6n 

2 I i No - Pose 0 10 secc/6n 16 

2. Cordos y cerditos de todos los edades y sexos ....................... . 

(La ,>-uma de los lotoles en las ponidos 2 "0" y "b" debe ser igt/al a /0 portido 2.) 

a. Menones de !;efs meses de edod 

b. De setS meses 0 m~s de edad 

3. Cerda!; poridoro\ y cerditos retenidos paro 10 crianra . 

4. Padrotes de todos los edodes retenidos para 10 crionza 

Ninguna Cuerdas I Cem. 23. 

[I 

CJ 

[I 

[] 241 

242 ! 

0 

'" 

l=J --"- [l 24. 

I~J 245 

246 , 0 Pazo a cisterna 

2 L RIO a quebrada 

3 CI Lago 0 charca 

4 [J Estanques 

5 [j Otro - Especifjque" 

Habra en este Fueron vendidos 

lugar el en los ultimos 

I de jul io de 1978 12 meses 

Ninguno "'''' __ 41'\) ___ -i,., ___ ('-2'-.) ----1 1247 2<18 

CI 249 2S0 

U 

1~1 252 

253 

[I 

255 

Cl 

78-A 1 (P R )SP 
78-A1 (PR)SP REPORT FORMS 

Secci6n 16) GANADO VACUNO 

1. ~ Tiene usted 0 cuolquiera otro persona algun GANADO VACUNO en 

este lugar, 0 S6 vendi& olguno de este lugor en [as ultimos 12 meses? 

016 I 0 SI _ Lfene esta seccion 

20 No - Pose a 10 secclon 17 

2. Ganado y novillos de fodos los edodes: 

(Si "Ninguno," marque (X) y pose a 10 partido 3 de esto secCion.) 

o. Vocos . 

b. Novillos de 6 meses 0 mas de edad . 

c. Becerras de me-nos de 6 meses de edad 

d. Becerros de menos de 6 meses de edad 

e, Novillos y toros 

(ENTREVISTADOR: La sumo de los preguntos "0" a 10 "e" debe ser /guol 01 total en 10 partido 2,) 

Ntn~uno [269 CuaroHos 1 3. Cuartillos de leche vendidos durante los 'ultimos 12 meses .... ' [_, vendldo~ I 

4. ~Es esta uno vaqueri'a de primera close? 

5. Ganado vocuno de este lugor vendido en los ultimos 12 meses (Incluyo aqu~llos que 

fueron alimentodos por controto y se los lIevaron de este Jugar en los ultimos 12 meses.) 

a. Becerros y becerras .. 

b. Todo otto ganado excluyendo becenos y becerras 

Secci6n 17> OTROS ANI MALES DE LA FINCA 

1. t. Tiene usted 0 alguno persona alguna OTRA ClASE de GANADO en este lugar, 

o se vendio alguno en los ultimos 12 meses? (Incluya todas las edades y sexos.) 

017 1 [] Sf - Llene esto sec cion 

2 [ J No - Pose a fa seccion 18 

2. t.Otra close de ganado -

o. Caballos carrero y paso fino? 

b. Otros caballos? ......... . 

c. Mulas y burros? 

d. Ovejas de ambos sexos? . 

e. Co bros de ambos sexos? 

f. Colmenas de abejas y miel de abejas vendido? 

g. Conejos? . 

h. Sueyes de trabaio? 

i. Otros? - Espeeitique 

Secci"n 18> AVES 

1. t. Tiene usted 0 cualquiera otra persona GAlLiNAS, POllONAS, GAlLOS, POllOS, 0 

cualquiera otra ave en este lugar, 0 se vendio alguna de este lugar en los ultimos 12 meses? 

018 I 0 S( - Llene esto seedon 

2 [] No - Pose a 10 seccion 19 

2. t.Cu~ntas -

Ninguno 

[-.1 

L~ J 

[J 

U 

[I 

[i 

Nlnguno 

r: I 

LI 

Ntnguno 

LI 

[I 

CI 

U 

[] 

CJ 

[I 

CI 

0, Gallinas ponedoras (No incluya pollonas criadas para 10 vento.) 

(1) Menores de un ano de edad? 

Ninguno 

293 

[J 295 

(2) De un ano de edad 0 mas? . U 

b. Pollonas? {lncluyo los que se crlan para 10 vento solomente.} 297 

[J 

c. Gallos de pelea? . [J 

d. Otros gallos? [-1 

e. Pollos? I-I 

f. Guineas? . , . [I 

g. Otras aves'(pavos, palomas, etc.)? ................ ,. C.I 307 

h. Huevos de gallina? .. , [1 

Numero en este lugar el I de juliO de 1978 

Ganado para leche Ganado para carne 

y 0((0 ganado 

(I) (2) 

257 258 

259 260 

261 262 

263 

265 266 

267 

L270 ll-IS( 2 r: INo 

Ganado lechero Ganado para carne 

vendido y otros vendidos 

271 

273 

Habl'a en este Fueron vendldos 

!ugar el en los ultlmos 

de julio de 1978 12 meses 

(I) (2) 

275 276 

277 276 

279 

2" 

2" 

2as 286 Lbs. de 

Colmenas mieI 

291 

Habfa en este 

Jugar el 

de Julio de 1978 

II) 

288 

290 

292 

Fueron vendldas en los 

ultimos 12 meses 

(Incluya las aves Que 

fueron allmentadas a 

base de contrato y se 

Ilevaron de este lugar 

en los ultimos 12 meses) 

(2) 

294 

296 

298 

310 

OocenZls 

Secci"n 19) PRODUCTOS PARA EL CONSUMO DEL HOGAR (Incluyo todo animal 0 sus productos consumidos 0 

regalados duronte los ultimos 12 meses.) 

lConsumio usted 0 regale algunos de los siguientes durante los ~ltimos 12 meses? 

1. lCuantos -

a. Cuartillos de leche? . 

b. Huevos de gallina? 

2. iGanado 0 aves que fueron sacrificodos 0 rctgalados -

0. Ganado adulto 0 novilIos? ' . , 

b. Cerdos y cerditos? 

c. Pollos, gallinas, pavos, palomas, guineas 0 cualquier otra ave? 

e. Co bros ? 

f. Cone'os? 

FORMA 76·Al,PRI (3-'7-781 Paglna 5 

Nmguno r.371 ~1 ------------1 

CUiHllllos 

312 

Doc.enZis 

'13 

N~rnero 

i 315 

Numelo 

1.1 316 

Numero 

l- 317 

Numero 

L· I 318 

Numero 

171 
172 REPORT FORMS 

Seccion 20) MAQUINARIAS AGRICOLAS, EQUIPO, EDIFICIOS Y OTRAS FACILIDADES EN ESTE LUGAR JULIO 1, 1978 

1. lCucntos de los siguientes se encontrobon en este luger ell de julio de 1978? (lncluyo todo rnaquinoria, equlpo, 

editrclos y (oeil,dades en este lugar, sea 0 no de SU propiedod, con tol que (uncione bien.) 

A. Maquinaria y Equipo Seleccionodo Nlnguno Numero B. Edificios y Focilidodes Seleccionodos 319 

1. Automoviles, ieeps, comionetas 1. Solos de ordeno camiones 1 

2. Tractares de ruedo de gamo 320 2. Ranchos para aves (gollineros) 

321 

3. T ractores de oruga . I'] 3. Estoblos pora ganado 

4. Carretones (Tirados por bueyes 

o troctor) 4. Porquerit.os 

5. Llenodoros de cono (No incluyo 323 

los 9t005) . 5. Silos 

6. Cortodotos de cano '" 6. Ranchos para taboco 

7. Cruos poro 10 cono 7. Edificios poro olmocenor 

8. Despulpodoras de cafe cultivos 

327 

9. Secodoras meconicas de cafe I: 8. Edificios para maquinaria 

10. Lavadoros mecanicas para cafe. 328 

11. Ordenadoros meconicos . L· 9. Casas paro ogregodos y otros 

330 

empleodos de 10 finca 

12. Tonques por~ en friar 1eche 

331 10. Tonques de alimento pora el ganado 

13. Plantos auxi liares de energla elletrica . 1_:1 332 11. Area bojo sombra pora plantas 14. Cortodoras de posto (Tipo de barra 

o de volanta) . ornamentales y de flores 

15. Asperjodoros de productos qu(micos 

mecanizados [I 333 12. Cepos pora el ganodo 

a. Tirodas por troctor [J 13. Chorcos de oxidacibn b.Otros l-l 

16. Otros equipos tirados por tractor 14. Secadoros de caf~ 01 sol 

(lncluyo arodos, diSCOS, rostrillos, etc.) U o oire libre 

N Inguno Nun1ero 

336 

m 

338 

m 

I 1 

34O 

341 

1.1 342 

343 

3<14 

1: 1 34' 

1 346 

[_:1 3" 

I I 

349 

[I 

2. ,Cuol es el valor estimado en el mercodo de TODA 10 maquinorio y el equipo, usuolmente I 

montenido en este lugor y que se utilizon para operar 10 finco? (lncluya carras, camiones, 

troctores, orados, discos, rastrillos, secodoros, bombas, motcres, equrpo de regar, equipo 

de voquerias incluyendo ordenodoras y tanques de enfriamiento Dora leche, comederos para 

Valor e;timad~ ~n el mercado 

(Dolores unJ <;omente) 

el ganodo, moledoras y equrpo de mezclar, etc.) .......... . 

SecciO"n 21) OBREROS AGRICOLAS, AGREGADOS Y MEDIANEROS 

1. iEmpleo' en los ~ltim05 12 meses olgun obrero agricola para hocer trobajo en este lugar 

(no incluyo a empleodos controtodas par otros los cuoles Ie hicieron tTobojo 0 usted), 

a ViVlO olguno familia de agregodo 0 medianeto en este lugar paro ell de julio de 1978? 

1 L. I SI - Llene esto seCci6n 

2 1_ No - Pose a 10 seccJon 22 

2. iEntre los obreros ogrlcolos empleados, 

cuontos trobojaron en este lugor- {

O.5 me .. , 0 ma,? 

b. Menos de 5 meses? 

3. iCuO"ntos familios de ogregados y medianeros viVIan en este lugar el 1 de julio de 1978? 

Secci"n 22 > INSECTICIDAS, YERBICIDAS, FUNGICIDAS, OTROS PESTICIDAS, 

CAL Y OTROS PRODUCTOS QUIMICOS 

iUso usted olgunos de los siguientes productos qUlmicos en 

este lug~r en los J'ltimos 12 meses? 

1. Co! (No incluya yeso a cal usodo para saneomiento.) 

354 

Inc luya los 

comprodos por 

usted, el dueno 

del terreno, 0 por 

otros personos si 

se ho controtado 

2. Productos qu(micos que se uson para osperjar, rociar, fum igor, etc. 

(en polvo, IIquido 0 en estodo goseoso) poro controlar -

10 oplicocion. Por 

codo renglon 

enumerodo, informe 

el num"!ro de 

cuerdos 'iolo uno 

vez, pero Informe 

el costo de todos 

los produetos 

usodos en estos 

cuerdos duronte 

los ultimos 

12 meses. 

o. Los inseetos en postos cultivados y mejorados 

b. Los inseetos en cosechos como cano de azucar, cofe, 

tabaco, pino, vegetoles, arboles frutoles, etc .. 

c. Los nematodos en los cosechos 

d. Las enfermedodes de los cosochas y de los 

huertos (onublo, tizon, monchas, moho, etc.) 

e. Lo molezo y los molos yerbos en los cultivos 

f. Lo molezo 0 motortoles en el posto 

3. Productos qUlmicos usados poro deshajar, 0 pora controlor el 

crecimienta de cultivos 0 10 producci.)n de frutas 

N Inguno 

[' 

Toneladas 

usadas 

(I) 

353 

359 

361 

36' 

369 

1 

1 .00 

Numero 

CueTdas en 

las cuales 

fueron usados 

(2) 

Cuerdo.s I Cent. 

Trabap'ldores 

Trab,ljadores 

Costa estimado 

(No incluya el 

costa de aplrcarse) 

(3) 

Ob/aros unicamento 

356 

.00 

358 

362 

364 

366 

S 

368 

370 

371 

4. Productos qu(micos pora el control de inuctos y porasitos que ofecton 01 ganado y 0 los aves. 

372 

• ~ 

5. COSTO TOTAL EN ESTOS PRODUCTOS QUIMICOS 

(Sume los do/arcs ono[odos en 105 partidas / 0 /0 4 y onote oqu( e/ total.) 

Pa'grna 6 

78-A1 (PR)SP 
78-A 1 (P R )SP 

Seccion 23) GASTOS 

Incluye el 

estimado de 

905t05 costeados 

por el ogricultor 

como tombien por 

otros (propietorio, 

contratisto, 

comprodor, etc.) 

en cosechos, 

ganado a 

productos de 

ganado que 5e 

produjeron en 

este lugor. 

REPORT FORMS 

l.Cucntos d61ares gasto en 105 ultimos 12 meses en 10 siguiente? 

1. En comprer ganado y aves _ ganado vacuno, cerdos, cerditos, cobros, caballos, 

gollinos, pollitos, pollonos, etc. 

2. En olimentos para ganado y aves - gronos, heno, ensiloje, climentas 

mez clados, cone entrodos, etc. 

3. Medicomentos 0 drogos comprodas para el ganado y aves 

4. En compror semi lias, bulbos, plantas y orbolitos . 

5. En compror cbonos come-reials . 

6. En gosolino y otros productos de petrci'leo comprados para el uso del negocio de la finca -

Aceite Diesel, LP gas, butano, propano, gas kerosina, oceite combustible, aceite de motor, 

grosa, etc. {No incluya los gastos en estos productos pora el usa de la vivienda 0 el 

autom6vil de 10 familia.} .... 

7. En jornaJes y solarios a empleodos y obreros de 10 finco. (lncluya fodo el dinero que pago 

en efectivo por trabajo en la finca, incluyendo pogos a miembros de la familia, y pagos por 

Seguro Sociol. No incluyo trabajo dome'stico, ni trobojo por contrato.) . 

8. En trobojo por controto. Oncluya gastos relacionodos principalmente por lobores 

agrl.:olas a base de contratos hechos con un cantratista, corpora cion, cooperativa, etc.) 

9. En alquiler de moquinario y en trabajo hecho segun pedido (customwork) tales como arado, 

sembrado, cosechado, preporacion de silos, rociado y pulverizado de productos qU1micos, etc. 

10. En productos qu(micos agdcolos (Cople de la partida 5, seee/on 22.) 

Socci"n 24) VENT AS 

l CucH fue el valor totol en el mercado de \05 productos ogrlcolos vendidos de este 

lugor en los ultimos 12 meses, antes de descontar 105 impuestos y gastos? 

1. Cono de azucor 

2. T oboco 

3. Cafe 

4. Pina 

5. Granos y producfos forinoceos (No inc/uya platanos ni guineos; se Inc/uyen en /0 partida 7.) .. 

6. Vegetoles (hortolizos) (Total debe ser iguol a d%res informodos en /0 col. 2, seccion 7.). 

7. Frutos - cocos, chinos, toronios, platanos, guineos, papayas, cidras, aguacates, acerolos, etc. 

8. Aves y productos derivados - pollos -para corne, gallinos, huevos, pavos, etc. 

9. Productos derivodos del ganado vocuno - leche, queso, etc. (No informe la 

leche de cabra aqu{; se incluye en 10 partida 13.) 

10. Ganado vacuno de razo de leche .. 

11. Ganado vacuno pora corne y cuolquier otro ganodo vacuno . 

12. Cerdos, ovejas, y cobras 

13. Otros onimoles y sus productos - caballos, 

... . . 

mulas, abejas, miel. leche de cabra, etc. - Especifique _______________________ _ 

14. Plantas ornomentales y de flores a groma para cesped 

373 

37< 

375 

376 

$ 

377 

378 

379 

3.0 

381 

3.2 

393 

384 

385 

$ 

38' 

S 

387 

388 

36. 

390 

391 

392 

393 

394 

395 

39' 

S 

Oo/ares Dnicamente 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

, .00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

Oo/ares unlcamente 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

15. Otros productos agrlcolos vendidos - modera, heno, forroje, ensilaje, mieles, etc. - Especirique --------- ir3:":9~8----.... ..;.;..;w .00 

16. TOTAL DEL VALOR EN EL MERCADO d. tada. 10. p.aducla. agricola. 

vendidos ontes de descontar los impuestos y gastos (Sume los dolares -------------IIIIi!.~ informodos para las partidas "/" a /0 "15" y anote oqu( el total.) 

Secci"n 25 > OTROS INGRESOS RELACIONADOS CON LA FINCA 

lCuanto recibio' vsted en 105 ~Itimos 12 meses de 10 siguiente? 

1. Por servicios agrfcolas provistos a otros, toles como: orondo, sembrando, 

fumigando( cosechando, preporocion de praductos para venderse en el mercado, etc, 

2. Par servicios recreotivos, tales como: proveyendo focilidodes de caza, pesco, jiras, compo mento, 

coso de hues pedes, posadas u otras actividades recreativos que se ofrecen en el lugar ....... . 

3. Por rentar terrenos agrtcolas a otros. (lncluya pagos rec::ibidos por eI olquiler de terrenos para 

pastor ganado, yo sea a bose de cabe:r.o de ganodo, pogos mensuales, 0 de cuolquier otro acuerdo.) . 

4. Por portlclpar en 105 progromas ag,(colas auspiciados par el goblerno {lncluyo solo los pogos rec.bldos 

del Goblerno de Puerto RICO 0 Federal.) . '" . . . . .. . .. 

Secci"n 26) TlPO DE ORGANIZACION DE LA FINCA 

lCu~1 de estos declaraciones describe mejor el tipo de orgoni:r.aci6n de su finco? 

'03 

Corporoci6n Otros 

.00 

06JRf13S Jnicflmante 

.00 

.00 

.00 

'01 

.00 

.02 

.00 

Finca individual 0 de familia 

! [ I Prlvada 

2 [I Titulo IV 

3 [--::. TItulo V 

<I [I Titulo VI 

6 [-J Corporacion de fami I ia 

_. (menos de 10 personas) 

7 [l Corporacion pnvada 

9 CJ Sucesion. cooperativa, fideicomlso, 

otro tipo - Especifique,.J 

5 L" I Sociedad - (jncluya las 

- sociedades de familIa) 

- (100 mas personas) 

8 ~ Corporacion 0 agencia 

del gobierno 

173 
174 REPORT FORMS 

Seeei"n 27> CARACTERISTICAS DEL OPERADOR DE LA FINCA 

T odos estes preguntas se relacionan 0 10 persona que opera esto fineo. 

1. i En que ana empe:t.o usted a operar estos terrenos? 

2. i. Donde vive usted (et operador de estes terrenos) 

3. (, Que edod tiene usted (el operodor) ohora? 

4. Grado 0 ono esco[or mas otto que complete, (Marque un encosillodo) 

5. (, Cuantos dlas el operodor 0 socia mayor trobojo fuero de este lugar pot 

10 menas 4 heros diaries en los ultimos 12 meses? (/nciuya crabaJos en 

toreas no agricolos, negoclO, 0 trabajo e.n otro {inca. No IncJuya troboJo 

de oyuda mutua.} ... , ....... . 

6. ZOe que partido procedio 10 mayor porte de los ingresos tatales recibidos 

por usted {el operodor} en los ultimos 12 meses? . 

7. (.Que por ciento de los ingresos totales (bruto) recibidos por usted 

(.,1 operodor) en los ultimos 12 meses fueron derivados de la agriculture? . 

8. (.Cue! es su (el operodor) ocupocion principal? 

'04 

,os 

'06 

'07 

'0' 

'" 

_______ Ano 

I L:-: En estes terrenos? 

2 [I En aho finca? 

3 L- J En 10 %ono rurol, perc no en uno fineo? 

4 i ~ J En 10 ciudod 0 pueblo? 

5 L 1 Fuero de Puerto Rico? 

_______ Arlos de edad 

0 0 0 0 0 0 Escuela elemental 

I 2 3 4 5 6 

0 0 0 0 0 0 Escuela secundaria 

7 8 9 10 II 12 

00000 Anos de colegio 

13 14 15 16 o untversidad 

! C I Nrnguno 

2 [i 1-24 

3 [ 1 25-49 

, 1.1 50 -74 

17 0 mas. 

51- i 75-99 

6[1 100-149 

7 CJ 150-199 

8 [1200 dJas 0 mas 

I { _J De ventos de productos ogricoIas 

(cosechas, ganado, aves, leche, etc.) 

2 [ I De otros ingresos relocionados con 10 finca 

3 [J De ingresos no relacionados con 10 finco 

1 [J Menos de 25% 

2 Cl 25% a 49% 

! C.I Agricola 

3 [ I 50% a 74% 

4[175%omas 

2 [_I No agrIcola -

Especifjque /. 

Seeeion2S) OBSERVACIONES Y CERTIFICACION - Haga eualquier abservaeion que sea neeesaria en relaeion a esta finea, a sobre el 

dueno u operodor; sobre cosechost rendimiento por cuerdo, tomono de 10 finco, nombre y direccion del dueno de los terrenos 

si esto es odministrodo 0 orrendodo, etc. 

PERSONA COMPLETANDO ESTE INFORME 

/

Nomb<e 

POR FAVOR 

USE LETRA DE MOLDE 

l 412 Fecha (Dra y mes) Telefono 

1'13 Numero 

Certiflcado pOf enumeradOf 414 Fecha (O(a y mBS) Ano 

1978 

Cend!cado por JefEl de Grupo 415 Fecha (D(a y mas) Ano 

1978 

Paglna 8 ,; u.s GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE' 1978-0,757,082It58·53 

78-A 1 (P R )SP 
78-A1 (PR) REPORT FORMS 

FOrm Approved 0 M.B. No. 41-$78018 

FORM 78-A1(PR) bol.lS) 

u.s. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

au R E AU 0 F TH E C EN5US ~ _______ TA:..:..-.::Q:::u.::e:..'t:.:.io::n.:.:n:;a~i '~ • ..;I~d.:..::.nt::.i;;firco=-t:.:.i o:::n~ _____ -r-__ .....j 

MuniCIPIO 

No. ED No. CENSUS 

USE ONLY 

Farm 

s('rl<)1 number 

CENSUS 

USE ONL y 

~ MunICIpIO 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE" 1978 

---~-----------------------

PUERTO RICO 

NOTICE _ Response to thiS InQUlfY IS requ!fed by law (tltle 13, U.S. Codel. 

By the same law your report to the Census Bureau 15 confidential. It may be 

seen only by sworn Census employees and may be used only for statistical 

purposes, ThiS census report c,Jnnot be used for purposes of (axiltlon, 

inves{ig,Hion, or regulalion, 

Section 1) CUERDAS IN THE lAST 12 MONTHS 

Barrio 

Name 

B. Operator's Nome and Moiling Address 

I M'ddle name or Inll';:.! 

I 

I Surnames 

I 

P.O. Box. R.F.D. and box number, number and street 

B<HrIO (If needed) 

City or town 

CENSUS USE ONL Y 

035 1°36 036 1°39 

(INTERVIEWER: When you need to report part of a cuerda, write In whole numbers under 

"centesimos," never In fractions or decimal s Example' Centesimos OS, 10, 25, 75, 95,) 

None I-....:C:.:u:.:":.:cd:.:"::, _...J'~C=en:.:,::e,:.:,,:.:,,=-o '~-l 

'" 1. All land owned, ... , . , . , , .... , .... , . . . . . . . . ...... , , ........ , ...... . 

(fnterviewer: If operator IS a sa/arred manager, enter all land managed In "uem I - All land owned" 

and enter thl s fi gure in "i tem 4 - Total cuerdas In thl s pi ace. ") 

2. Land rented (or leased) from others ... , .................... ,., ...... , ........ . 

3. Land rented (or leased) to others (Do not include cuerdas worked by sharecroppers and "agregodos.") 

4_ TOTAL CUERDAS IN THIS PLACE ________________________ ... 

(Interviewer: Add land owned (item /) to land rented from others (item 2) then subtract land 

rented [0 others (item 3) and enter your answer here. For managed land enter figure from item 1.1 

5. Land rented from others (Give the following information for each of the landlords.) 

N;:)n)e Address 

6. Land rented to others (Give the following information for each of the tenants.) 

Name Address 

", 

050 

052 

I 

Cuerd2ls I Cent. 

I 

Cl)cr,i;lS I Cent. 

I 

L-____________________________ ~ ______________________________________ I . ____________ _L ________ ~I ____ 

7. Land manqged as a salaried manager (Give the following information concerning your employer.) 

N~me Address 

nS1 

~----------------------------------------

Section 2) lOCATION OF AGRICULTURAL lAND OPERATED BY YOU IN THE lAST 12 MONTHS 

1. Are all of your agricultural operations located in the municipio 002 

and barrio shown in the upper right corner of this page? .....•.... 2· _i No - Complete this section 

PrinCipal 

barrio <lnd 

muniCIpIO 

Other barrIOS 

and 

munlelplos 

Name of barriO 

, Y ('$ - Go [0 se((lOn 3 

Cueld.,~ 

OS<l 

,-

! Cl'n! 

~-----------------------------~----------------------------~o=,,~----~~ 

TOTAL CUERDAS (Must equal cuerdas in item 4, section 1) '" 

175 
176 REPORT FORMS 

Section 3 > SUGARCANE 

1. Was ony sugorcane grown on this place during the lost 12 months? 00) 

Yes - Complete this section 

No - Go [0 section 4 

o. Foil cone 

b. Spring cone 

c. Ratoon cone 

d. Sojourn cone for seed .....................................•. 

e. Sojourn cone cut for feed .................................... . 

f. TOTAL CANE (Add the figures entered In items "0" through' 

and enter the total in [his space.) 

Section 4 > COFFEE, TOBACCO, OR PINEAPPLES 

None 

060 

062 

060 

066 

06. 

070 

1. Did yo, ho,".,t any COFFEE, TOBACCO, OR PINEAPPLES 

from this place in the lost 12 months? Cuerdas harvested 

00. 

(I) 

Cuerdas 

harvested 

(I) 

Cuerdas Cent. 

Amount 

harvested 

0" 

06) 

065 

071 

Tons 

harvested 

(2) 

Tons 

Amount 

sold 

Yes - Complete thIS section 

2'- . No - Go to section 5 None ~-=C=,e~'=dO~'~~_C=e=n~"-4 ________ ~(2=) ______ -+ ________ ~(l~) ______ -1 073 

c. Coffee grown; n the shade 

076 

b. Coffee grown in the open .......................... . 

'" c. Tobacco .......................... , ........... . 

002 

d. Pineapples .................................... . 

Section 5 > GRAINS AND FARINACEOUS CROPS 

1. Were any of the following crops harvested 

from this place in the lost 12 months? 

o. Pigeon peas ................•.. 

b. Dry beans 

c. Green beans ................•.• 

d. COfn •.....•••••.•••••••••••• 

e. Dosheens .................... . 

f. Cassava ..................... . 

g. Celeriac .......••.•.........•. 

h. Sweetpototoes ................. . 

i. Yams .......................• 

j. Taniers ..•........ ' .......... . 

k. Rice 

Section 6 ) FRUITS 

None 

II 

i~] 

! 

I 

I.; 

[-I 

0., 

0 •• 

0" 

094 

097 

'0) 

'06 

<0, 

'12 

II, 

1. Are there any fruit trees or coconut palms on this place? 

006 I! I '( es - Campi ete (hI s section 

z[ 1 No - Go (Q section 7 

Cuerdas harvested 

(I) 

Cuerdas Cent. 

Not of bearing age 

(I) 

077 

000 

0.) 

Amount harvested 

(2) 

Cwt. 

0.6 

089 

095 

096 

<0' 

'0' 

<07 

'<3 

Beari ng age 

(2) 

2. Which of these fruits are now planted or were 

harvested in the lost 12 months? None Number of trees or plants Number of trees or plants 

116 119 

o. Coconuts' 

b. Grapefruits .. 

127 

c. Oranges .. i I 

')0 '3< 

d. Avocados. i I 

e. Chiranjas. 

')9 

f. Plantains. 

") g. Bananas, .. 

'46 147 

h. Citron .......... . 

1.';0 15' 

i. Mongaes. 

15. 15' 

j. Papayas 

Page 1 

CWt. CW{. 

070 

Cw, Cwt. 

0.' Lbs. Lbs. 

0" 

Tons Tons 

Amount sold 

(l) 

ew{. 

090 

09) 

096 

099 

'02 

'05 

<0. 

'17 

Amount harvested Amount sold 

(l) (4) 

120 .21 

Hds. Hds. 

12' 

Hds. Hds. 

12. 12' 

Hds. Hds. 

1)3 

Thds. Thds. 

<3. 

Hds. Hds. 

'" Thds. Thds. 

'" Thds, Thds, ". 14' 

C ..... t. C ..... \, 

152 IS) 

Thds. Thds. 

'56 157 

Lbs. Lbs. 

78-A1 (PR) 
78-A1 (PR) REPORT FORMS 

Section 7 ) VEGETABLES 

1. Did you cultivate for sole any vegetables in the lost 12 monfhs? 

007 I!': Yes _ (omplete this section 

2~ : No - Go to section 8 

2. Which of the following vegetables did you harvest from this 

place for sale in the lost 12 monfhs? 

o. Tomatoes .......•.................•..•............ 

b. Cucumbers .............••..................•..•... 

c. String beans ...•....•..•.......•..•................ 

d. Lettuce 

e. Peppers ......................................... . 

f. Cabbage ..•.................................••..•. 

g. Eggplant. ..•.........••.....•..••.•........•...... 

h. Pumpkins ......................•.......•...•...... 

i. Sweet cooking peppers ...•....•......•................. 

j. Other vegetables ..•.••.••..•......•...........•.• _ 

Section 8 > CULTIVATED AND/OR IMPROVED PASTURE 

None 

IJ ". 

160 

[J '62 

l- J 

'6' ,I '66 

[-: 

'68 

:- J 

170 

172 

[. 

17' 

f 17b 

Cuerdas harvested Value of sales for sale 

Cuerdas Cent. Dollars only 

os, 

$ .00 

'6' .00 

'63 

.00 

'6' 

$ .00 

'67 .00 

'" .00 ,,, .00 173 

.00 7S 

.00 

177 

.00 

1. Did you have any CUL TIVATED AND/OR IMPROVED PASTURE 

on this place in the last 12 months? 00. Cuerdas for grazIng only Cuerdas cut for roughage 

(I) (2) t! i Yes - Complete this section 

2[J No - Go to section 9 None Cuerdas I, 

I Cent. Cuerdas Cen(. 

17. '" o. Poragross .......•.......••..•..........•...•......• ,.0 ,,, 

b. Guinea gross ..•.••.•....•..............•......•..... 

'.2 183 

c. Merker gross ....••.....................•...........• '.1 , .. , .. d. Pangolo grass ..•.•.•.....•.........•....•........... ,"1 

'.6 '.7 e. Molasses grass .••..••.•.•..••........•........••..•• r' 

, I '., f. Milo (sorghums) .•..•.•...•................•.....•...• i:J 190 

g. Elephant grass •.....••. _ ••.........•......•....••.•. . -, 

I , 

,,, 193 

h. Star gross •..•.•.•....•.•.......•...............•.. i_i 

19. i. Other cultivable grosses ...•....•......•...•.....•.•..•. ;'1 

Section 9 ) ORNAMENTAL AND FLOWERING PLANTS, LAWN GRASS 

1. Did you grow ony ORNAMENTAL or FLOWERING PLANTS or LAWN GRASS for sale on this place in the lost 12 mon.ths? 

009 I! 1 Yes - (omplere rhis section 

2 [:1 No - Go to section /0 Area used !n last 12 months ~----~~~~~--~~.~ 

uS~:;es~~~~ Cuerdas Cent. 

Value of sales 

(Dollars only) 

None ~-----c(.1~)-----+~"~7--~(~2~)-----+-----+~197.--------~(3~)----~--~ 

o. Lawn gross (sod) •.....•....•.... . . . • . . • . . . . . i ~J .00 

'" 201 

b. O,"amen'al pi an', ..••.••.......•.......•..•. ," 1 .00 202 ,,03 20. c. Flowering plan.. .•.........•.....•...•.•.... [ . .00 

Section 10) OTHER CROPS 

1. Were any other crops or agricultural products grown on this place in the lost 12 months? 

r-~C~u~e-rd"a~s~ha~r~y~es~t~e'd-'-'---------------'----------------~ 1! I Yes - Complete thiS section (I) Pounds harvested 

010 

2 l . ; No - Go to section II Cuerdas Cen( (2) 

Pounds sold 

(3) 

205 206 207 

a. Cropname _____________________________________________ rX20~B--------~----_h2o.0',_------------_i'2~'0,---------------

b. Crop nome 

Section Ii) INTERPLANTING OF CROPS 

1. Did you have any land planted in two or more crops? (Include /a'ld planted In crop mixtures such as: coffee, oranges, and grapefruit; 

coffee, bananas, oranges, and dasheens; corn, beans, and toniers; etc.) 

: Yes - (omplete thiS section I No - Go to section 12 

Name of crops Intel'planted 

(I) PrJ ncl::.poc..' ____ -t+( 2~)------O::.:t:::h:::C'.::.'------t;;;:':::; ____ p-".::In:.:c'-"P:::"c.. ' ------1-';,;-~)~7 ____ ...:O::'::.:h:::C'.::.' ____ . __ *~~;.;:----...:p...:'.:.:' n:oc.:.', p~a::..' -----i-!'(~:2~) ____ -'O:'t.".hC""2' ____ --l 

213 223 

214 219 

21' 220 

Pilge 3 

177 
178 REPORT FORMS 

~."-"~~,,E) SELECTED CROPS UNDER CULTIVATION 

1. Were any of the following crops growing on this place, July 1, 1978? 

Non~ Cuerd<lS 

Z26 

o. Sugarcane 

b. Coffee 

226 

c. Pineapple. 

d. Ri ce .. 

230 

c. All frui ts, 

Section 13) LAND USE IN THE LAST 12 MONTHS 

REMINDER, The purpose of this section is to distribute all land on this place among items 2 through 4 

below according to the way it was used in the lost 12 months. 

Cuerdas 

I Cent 

Cen{. 

1/ the some fond was 

used for fwo or morc 

purposes, report 

thot land only once -

In tI,e first item 1. "TOTAL CUERDAS IN THIS PLACE" from section I, item 4, on poge I-l~ I that applies. ~------~----,--::-~ 

2. CULTIVATED CROPLAND {Include land harvested, land on which crops foiled, 

land under cultivation whether harvested or not, etc.) . .................... . 

3. LAND IN PASTURES -

o. Cultivated and/or improved postures ................................. . 

b. Notural postures .•...•.........•..••..•...•......•.•.....•..••. 

c. Postures overgrown with brush .................................... . 

4. OTH ER LANDS -

o. Woodland, forests, and underbrush that cannot be utilized for cultivation or postures. 

b. Lakes, ponds, buildings, roods, fences, or wasteland ..................... . 

None CuerdilS Cent 

, I 

'" 

232 

233 

235 I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

~~----~---- 236 I 

5. TOTAL CUE RDAS (Add the cuerdas reported In items 2 through 4 and enter the ------.. l totol in this space. Total should be the SOme as Item J above,) 

Section 14) IRRIGATION 

1. Did you irrigate any land on this place at any time during the lost 12 months? 

Yes - Complete this section None Cuerdas I Cent. 

2 No - Go to sectIOn 15 

2. (verdos irrigated from a PUBLIC SYSTEM 

Method of Irr! g<lllon: 239 

a. Gravity (furrows, ditches, or flooding). ................................................ . 

b. Sprinklers. 

c. Drip 

3. Cuerdas irrigated from a PRIVATE SYSTEM (wells, rivers, brooks, etc.) ............................ . 

243 

Method 0 f I rTl g?ll!on: 

o. Gravity (furrows, ditches, or flooding) ................................................. . 

b. Spri nklers . 

c. Drip 

4. Major source of water used for irrigation. 

S.cti-,,~ HOGS 

1. Do you or anyone else have any HOGS or PIGS on this place, 

or were any sold in the lost 12 months? 

Yc,;; Cr)Tllp/ere I.hls section 

No Gn In -:,erllofl 16 

2. Hogs and piglets of all ages and sexes 

(r';e Irdo/ r;( II/·m:.; )0 and 2b should be the same os that In Item 2.) 

o. Les'io than 6 months of age 

b. 6 months of age and older 

3. Sows and gilt<. kept for breeding purposes ................................ . 

4. Boors of all oges kept for breeding purposes .. 

None 

I 

I 

I ! 

lOG 

I~I 24S 

11'1 Well or cistern 

2 [-1 Ri ver or stream 

:3 [ ·1 Lake or pond 

41 'J Constructed reservoi rs 

51 ~ I Other - SpeClf~ 

Number on 

I 

Number sold 

thi s pi "ce in the last 

July I, 1978 12 months 

II) (2) -:;;:;----- 2<, 

249 250 

251 252 

253 

255 

78-A1{PR) 
7a-A1 (PRI REPORT FORMS 

Section 16) CATTLE 

1. Do you or anyone else have any CATTLE on this place, or were 

any sold from this place in the last 12 months? Number on thiS place, July!, 1978 

016 10 Yes _ Complete this section 

20 No - Go to section 17 

2. Cattle and calves of all ages: (If "None," mark X and go to item 3) ....•.......... 

o. Cows ..•...•.. , " ..•.... " •...... " ..•............•........ 

5 .. Cattle sold f,om this place in the last 12 months (Include those fed 

by contract and taken from this ploce in the last 12 months.) 

a. Bult calves and heif.r calves ..•.•.••...•.•.•.......•.........•..... 

b. All other cattle except calves ...................................... . 

Section 17) OTHER LIVESTOCK 

1. Do you or anyone else have any OTHER LIVESTOCK on this place or 

were any sold in the last 12 months? (Include 011 ages and sexes) 017 

1 0 Yes - Complete chi s section 

20 No - Go to section 18 

2. Other livestock -

a. Race and show horses? ....•...................................... 

b. Other horses? ......•....•..••.•....•.................•........ 

c. Mules and donkeys? •••..••...•.........•........................ 

d. Sheep of both sexes? 

e. Goats of both sexes? 

None 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

None 

o 

o 

None 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

Darry cattle 

(I) 

257 

25 

261 

263 

265 

267 

Dairy cattle sold 

271 

273 

Num ber on 

this place on 

Ju[y [, [978 

(I) 

275 

279 

281 

283 

205 

Beef and other cattle 

25. 

2~ 

262 

264 

266 

268 

272 

27< 

276 

278 

2.0 

2.2 

2" 

2.6 

(2) 

Number sold 

in the last 

12 months 

(2) 

f. Hives of bees and honey sold? .....••....•.......................••. 0 Hives Lbs. honey 

287 

0 g. Rabbits? •...•.........•.....................•.....••....•... 

h. Working oxen? ..••.•.•.......•.....•..•.....••........•........ 0 I'"' 

291 

CJ i. Others? Specify 

Section IS) POULTRY 

1, Do you or anyone els. have any CHICKEN HENS, PULLETS, ROOSTERS, BROILERS, or other poultry on this place or were any sold from this place in the last 12 months? 018 

Number on 

t 0 Yes - Complete thi s section 

20 No - Go to section 19 

this place on 

Ju[y [, [978 

2. How many - None 

a. Layers (Do not include stgrted pullets raised for sale.) 

(1) Less thgn 1 year old? ••....•.....•............•............ cj 293 

(2) 1 year old or older? ........•...•....•. , .. , ......• , ....... . 0 

0 297 b. Started pullets? {Include those raised for sale only.} ...•....•........... 

299 

0 c. Fighting cocks? 

d. Other roosters? 0 301 

e. Broiters? 0 303 

305 

0 f. Guineas? 

g. Other fowl? (Turkeys, pigeons, etc.) ........•....•...•...•......•. , 0 307 

h. Chickel\ eg9s? . • • . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . • . . . • . . . . . . • . • . . . . . • . . . . . .. Q 

Section 19) PRODUCTS FOR HOME CONSUMPTION (Include all animals and products consumed or given awoy dUring the last 12 months.) 

Did you consume or give away any of the following during the last 12 months? 

1. How mgny -

a. Quarts of milk? 

b. Chi cken eggs? ..•..•....•...••...••.•.......•................•........... 

2~ Livestock or poultry slaughtered or given away 

a. Cattle and calves? •..•••...•.•..•.••................... : •............•.... 

b. Hogs and pigs? 

c. Chickens, turkeys, pigeons, guineas, or other poultry? ....•..•.............••......•.. 

d. Sh •• p? , . , , , • , • , .•• , , . , , .••.•..•.••• , • , • , , . , .•••.•...•• , .• , ....•.•••... 

e. Goats? •..•.••••..•••••••.•••..•..•.••..•...•••...•••..•.•..•..•......• 

f. Rabbits? •... , . , " , • , . , , ..•..• , • , " ... , ...• , •.• , • , .....•..•...... , ..... 

Pa.ge 5 

(I) 

None 

0 

Cl 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

311 

312 

313 

314 

315 

316 

317 

". 

288 

1 <'v 

294 

296 

29' 

300 

302 

304 

306 

30' 

310 

292 

Total sold in the 

last 12 months. 

(Include poultry fed 

on a contract basis 

and taken from this 

place in the last 

12 months) 

(2) 

Dozens 

Quans 

Dozens 

Number 

Number 

Number 

Number 

N~mber 

Number 

179 
180 REPORT FORMS 

Section 20) MACHINERY, EQUIPMENT, BUli...DINGS, AND FACILITIES ON THIS PLACE JULY 1, 1978 

1. How mony of the following were on this place July 1, 1978? (Include all machinery. equipment. buildings, and facilities on the place, 

regardless of ownership, provided it was in working order.) 

A. Selected Machinery and Equipment None 

1. Automobiles, jeeps, pick-up and motor trucks [J 

2. Rubber tired wheel tractors [J 

3. Crowl er 'ro etars . 

4. Carts {oxen or troctor drawn} . [-1 

5. Sugarcane loaders (do not include crones). . [1 

6. Sugarcane harvesters 

7. Sugarcane cranes 

8. Coffee depulpers. 

9. Mechanical coffee dryers ... 

10. Mechoni cal coffee washers 

11. Milking machines ..... . 

12. Milk coolers .. 

....... " I~I 

[I 

II 

[) 

LJ 

[) 

[-1 

13. Emergency electric power plants ... [) 

14. Forage harvester (shear bar or flywheel type) C] 

15. Power chemical sprayers 

Q. Tractor drawn 

b. Other .. 

16. Other tractor drawn equipment (include 

plows, disks, harrows, etc.) .... 

,~ 1 

(-I 

.. [1 

Number 

321 

322 

328 

330 

331 

332 

333 

33, 

B. Selected Buildings and Facilities None 

1. Milking parlors [.1 

2. Poultry buildings [~ 

3. Cottle barns 0 

4. Hog barns 0 

5. Silos .... [I 

6. Tobacco born s CI 

7. Storage buildings for crops [J 

8. Buildings for machinery .. CI 

9. Houses for agregados and other workers ... 0 

10. Bulk feedstuff tonk ...... 0 

11. Shade place for ornamental 

or floweri ng plants .. 0 

12. Squeeze chute ..... [] 

13. Oxidation ponds [] 

14. Solor or air coffee dryers .... 0 

336 

337 

339 

3<0 

'" 

3<2 

3<3 

3" 

3<5 

346 

3<7 

3<. 

1 3 <9 

2. What is the estimated market value of ALL machinery and equipment, usually kept 

on this place and used for the farm business? (Include cars, trucks, tractors, plows, 

disks, harrows, dryers, pumps, motors, irrigation equipment, dairy equipment including 

milkers and milk coolers, livestock feeders, grinding and mixing equipment, etc.) .. 

Estimated market value 

(Dollars only) 

$ 

Section 21) HIRED WORKERS, AGREGADOS, AND SHARECROPPERS 

1. In the lost 12 months, did you hire any workers to do farm work on this place (do not include employees of labor 

contractors who did work for you), or was any ogregado family or shore cropper living on this place, July 1, 19781 

021 

I L--:1 Yes - Complete this section 

20 No - Go to section 22 

2. Of the hired workers, how many 

worked on this place - {

a. 5 months or more? .... 

b. Less than 5 months? 

3. How many agregado or sharecropper families were living on this place, July 1, 1978? .. 

None 

35l 

0 352 

0 353 

0 

Number 

Section 22) INSECTICIDES, HERBICIDES, FUNGICIDES, OTHER PESTICIDES,L1ME, AND OTHER CHEMICALS 

Number 

.00 

Workers 

Workers 

Families 

Tons used 

Cuerdas on 

whi ch used 

(2) 

Estimated cost 

(Do not include the 

cost of applying.) 

(3) Include the materials 

bought by you, the 

landlord, or any 

Did you use any of these chemical products on this place 

in the last 12 months? I) Cuerdas Cent. Dollars only 

other person, if it 

was applied by 

contract. For eo ch 

item Ii sted, report 

the cuerdas only 

once, but report 

the total cost of 

£III such material'S 

used on these 

cverdos in the last 

12 months. 

1. Lime (Do not include gypsum or lime used for sanitation.) 

2. Chemical products used for spraying, dusting, fumigants, 

etc. (in the form of powder, liquid, or gas), to control -

o. Insects on cuitiv(lted and improved pastures 

b. Insects on crops such as sugarcane, coffee, 

tobacco, pineapples, vegetables, fruit trees, etc •.. 

c. Nematodes in crops " .. 

35< 

d. Diseases in crops and orchards (blights, smuts, rusts, etc.) ......... . 

o. Weeds or 9ra 55 in crops 

f. Weflds or brush in pastures ............ . 

3. Chemical products used for defoliation or growth 

control of crops or thinning of fruit ..... . 

355 

357 

359 

361 

363 

365 

67 

4. Chemical products used to control insects and parasites on livestock and poultry .. > ••••••••••• 

35' 

350 

$ 

360 

$ 

362 

$ 

36< 

366 

$ 

370 

37' 

5 •. 372 

TOTAL con OF THESE CHEMICAL PRODUCTS - (Add dollors reported in items I ---lIo... 

through 4 and enter total here.) ---",- Il Page 6 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

78-A1 (PRI 
78-A1(PR) REPORT FORMS 

Section 23) EXPENSES 

How much did you spend in the last 12 months for the following? Dollars only 

373 Include your 

estimate of 

expenses paid by 

you as well as 

others (landlord 

contractors, 

buyers, etc.) 

1. Livestock and poultry purchased - cattle, calves, hogs, pigs, sheep, 

lambs, goats, horses, baby chicks, started pul/ets, etc •...•.. , ...•......•••...•••••.. f.;:;,----____ -+-..:..°::c°~ 

2. Feed purchased for livestock and poultry - grain, 

hay, siloge, mixed feeds, concentrates, etc •.... , .... , ..... .00 

for crops, 

Ii vestock, or 

livestock 

products 

produced on 

thi 5 ploce. 

3. Medicines and drugs purchased for livestock and poultry ....................... I-"-.,------'~."'O;,:.O...., 

376 

4. Seeds, bulbs, plants, and trees purchosed .... , ........... . $ .00 

Section 24) SALES 

5. Commercial fertilir:ers .......................... . 

6. Gasoline and other fuel and oil products purchased for the farm business -

Diesel oil, LP gas, butane, propane, piped gas, kerosene, fuel oil, motor oil, 

grease, etc. (Do not include costs for items used in the family home or automobile.). 

7. Wages and salaries paid to employees or hired farm workers. {Include money 

paid in cash for farm labor including payments to family members and for Socia I Security taxes. Do not include housework or contract work.} ......................... . 

8. Contract labor (Include expenditures primarily for farm labor performed on a 

contract basis by a contractor, corporation or cooperative, etc.). ....................... . 

9. Machine hire ond customwork such as plowing, planting, harvesting, 

silo filling, spraying and dusting chemical products, etc. 

10. Agricultural chemicals purchased (Copy from section 22, item 5.) ....................... . 

What was the total market value of agricultural products sold 

from this place in the last 12 months, before taxes and expenses? 

1. Sugarcane ....•......................... 

2. Tobacco .•.............................................. 

3. Coif ••....................................................... 

4. Pineapples ............................................................ . 

5. Grains and farinaceous crops (Do not include plantains or bananas, they are included in item 7.) 

6. Vegetables (Total should be equal to dollars reported in section 7, column 2.) 

7. Fruits - coconuts, oranges, grapefruits, plantains, bananas, papayas, 

citrons, avocados, West Indies cherries, etc •..................•...........................•.... 

8. Poultry and poultry products - broilers, other chickens, eggs, turkeys, etc •........................ 

9. Dairy products - milk, cheese, etc. (Do not include goat milk here, it should be included in item 13.) ....... . 

10. Dairy cattle .•..•...........................•.......•.............•...............•.. 

11. Beef cottle and any other cattle .•..•.......................•............................... 

12. Hogs, sheep, and goats ......•.........................•................................ 

377 

$ 

378 

379 

;"so 

38' 

383 

$ 

384 

$ 

385 

$ 

386 

$ 

387 

$ 

388 

$ 

389 

390 

391 

392 

$ 

393 

$ 

394 

$ 

395 

, 

, 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

, .00 

Dollars only 

, 

, .00 

: .00 

: .00 

, .00 

1 

, .00 

I 

1.00 

1 

1 

1 .00 , 

, 

1.00 

1 

1.00 

1 

'.00 

, 

'.00 

1 

'.00 

, 

13. Other livestock and livestock products - horses, 1 

mules, bees, honey, goat milk, etc. - Specify ---------------------------- "3"'96,.-----...... ' ':.:0..:0-1 

14. Ornamental and flowering plants or lawn gra ss ...•..................................•........... : .00 

15. Any other agricultural products sold - wood, hay, forage, silage, molasses, etc. - Specify ___________ _ 

16. TOTAL MARKET VALUE of all agricultural 

products sold before taxes and expenSes (Add dollars reported for items I through 15 and enter total here.) 

Section 25) OTHER FARM RELATED INCOME 

How much did you receive in the last 12 months from the following? 

397 

$ 

"8 

399 

Dollars only 

, 

'.00 

, 

, 

, 

1.00 

, 

, 

I 1. Custom'farm work done for others such as: plowing, planting, 

spraying, hcrvesting, preparation of products for market, etc •..............•.....•........•. $ I 

. ....... r,4<nOO,,------i-' -, ..:.0.:.0-1 

2. Recreational services, such as: providing hunting, fishing, picnicking, 

camping, boarding and lodging, or other recreational facilities on this place ............................... . 

3. For renting out farm land (Include payments for livestock pastured on a 

per-head basis, monthly payments, or through any other arrangement.) 

4. For participation in Government form programs 

(Include only payments received from the Federal or Puerto Rician government.) 

Section 26) TYPE OF FARM ORGANIZATION 

Which of the following best describes the type of your hum organir:ation? 

Individual or family farm 

403 10 Private 

20 Title IV 

'0 TitleV 

-0 Title VI 

50 PartnerShip (Include 

family partnerships.) 

FORM 7E1.AIlPRI (3·\·781 

Corporation 

60 Family corporation (less 

than 10 persons) 

7 [] Private corporation (10 

persons or more) 

B 0 Government corporation 

or agency 

Page 7 

401 

402 

Other 

9 0 Estate. cooperative, 

other type - Spe~jfy 

.. 

.00 

.00 

.00 

181 
182 REPORT FORMS 

Section 27) FARM OPERATOR CHARACTERISTICS 

All thc!oe questions refer to the penon who operates thi!. farm. 

1. In what yeor did you start operating this lond? ......•....•.••...........•... 404 ______ _ Year 

2. Do you (the farm operator) live_ ........•........•..•.....•...••..•.... 40.5, 0 On this place? 

2 0 On another form? 

:3 0 In a rural area but not on a form? 

40 In a city or town? 

sO Outside of Puerto Rico? 

3. How old ore you (the operator) now? ..•..•...•..•.....•.•.....••.•••••.• 4015 _______ Years old 

4. Highe!.f grade or yeors of school completed-Mark (X) one box •• ••.•••••••••••••• 407 0 0 0 0 0 0 Elementary school 

I 

DO 0000 Secondary schools 

7 9 10 II 12 

00000 

13 14 15 16 17 and over College or University years 

s. How manr. do ys did the operotor or seni or portner work off thi s 408, 0 None 

place at east 4 hours per day in the lost 12 months? ........••.••...•.•....... 20 1

- 24 

(Include work at nonfarm job, business, or on someone :3 0 25-49 

5075-99 

60 100-149 

70150-199 

else's form. Exclude exchange farm work.) 40 50- 74 80 200 days or more 

6. What did the lorgest port of your (the operator) 409, 0 The sale of agricultural products 

total income come from in the lost 12 months? . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . • . • . . . . . . . . . (crops, livestock, poultry, milk, etc.) 

2 0 Other farm·related income 

:3 0 Nonfarm related income 

7. What percent of your {the operator's} gross income received in the lost 12 4'° 10 Less than 25% 

months come from forming? "'.' .......•..• ,.......................... 2 0 251}'0 to 491}'0 3 0 50% to 74% 

<40751}'0 or more 

~. What is your (the operator's) main occupation? ....•...•....•.•.•.••....•... 4"1 0 Agricultural 20 Nonagricultural -

Specify>, 

Section 28) REMARKS AND CERTIFICATION - Make any remarks you feel necessary concerning this farm; the owner or manager; the crops, output per cuerda, size of farm; and name and address of the owner if the land is managed or leased; etc. 

PERSON COMPLETING THIS REPORT 

412 Date (Month end dey) l Tel~hone 1 Name 

Please print 

Certi fi ed by Enumerator 4,4 Date (Month and day) Year 

1978 

Certi fj ed by Crew Leader 4' S Date (Month and day) Year 

1978 

Pace 8 

78-A1{PR) 
78-A30(PR)SP REPORT FORMS 183 

Form Approved· 0 M B No. 41-578026 

FORMA 78.A30(PR)SP 

(3 -7 -78) 

DEPARTAMENTO DE COMERCIO DE LOS EE. UU. 

NEGOCI ADO DEL CENSO 

AVISO _ La contestacion a esta encuesta es requerida p~r ley del Congreso de 

los Estados Unidos (U.S.c., dtulo 13). Por la misma ley,su informe al Negociado 

del Censo es confidencial. Solamente puede ser visto por empleados juramentados 

del Censo y puede ser usado solamente para prop6sitos estadlsticos. Este 

informe censal no puede ser usado para prop6sitos de impuestos, investigacion 

o regl amentaci6n. 

ENCUESTA PARA IDENTIFICAR 

A LAS FINCAS 

CENSO DE AGRICUL TURA DE 1978 

PUERTO RICO 

(Haga ef favor de corregir cuafquier error en ef nombre y fa direccion, incfuyendo el ZIP) 

~ Partida 1 

( 

COMPLETE 

DEVUELVALO 

Y 

A 

> BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

ATTN: Agriculture Division 

Washington, D.C. 20233 

-lDurante alguna parte del ana en el 1977, crio, produio, 0 vendio usted alguno de los 

productos que se I i stan a conti nuacion? (No; ncl uya act; v; dades agri col as que se 

lIevaron a cabo en terrenos que usted tenIa arrendados a otros.) 

a. Cosechas - cana de azucar, cafe, tabaco, pinas, vegetales, arboles frutales y 

palmas de coco, granos y farinaceos, pastos cultivados y/o mejorados, etc •.• 

b. Ganado - ganado vacuno, cerdos, caballos, conejos, etc. y sus productos 

(I ncl uya I as vaquerlas y los corral es de ceba.) ••••••••..•. ~ •...• 

c. Aves - pollos, guineas, otras aves de corral, y huevos de gallinas •...••.•...• 

d. Plantas ornamentales y de flores, 0 grama para cesped 

e. Otras actividades agr(colas - colmenas de abejas, miel de abejas, etc. 

Especinque ______________________________________________________________ __ 

S; contesta "S(" a cualquiera de las preguntas anteriores, pose a 10 partida 3 

~ Partida 2 - Si contesto "No" a todas las preguntas de la partida 1, anote una "X" en la casilla que 

indi ca el por que de sus respuesta s, y devuel va esta forma 10 ante s posi bl e. 

o Se vendieron todos los terrenos •..•..... 

o Se arrendaron todos los terrenos a otros ..• 

Nombre del nuevo dueno 0 arrendatarios 

} Anote abajo el nombre y 10 direccion del 

nuevo dueno 0 arrendatario~ 

Direccion postal (incluya el ZIP) 

T '/ / Dodos los terrenos estan baldlos, 0 se han retenido para usos no agncolas 

o Otra razon - Especifique 

~ Partida 3 - iDurante el 1977, opero usted esta finca bajo un nombre que no es el que se 

encuentra en la etiqueta de la direccion? 

S( No 

o o 

o o 

o o 

o o 

o o 

o 5 ( - Anote el nombre( s) y 1 a di recc i on( es) __________________________________________ _ 

o No - Pose a 10 partida 4 
184 REPORT FORMS 78-A30(P R )SP 

~ Partida 4 - Tenga la bondad de indicarnos como lIegar al centro principal de operaciones de su fin ca. 

EJ EMPLO: Tome la carretera #26 Norte, hacia Arecibo; recorra 3 kilometros hasta lIegar 

ala tienda EI Coqu'; vire ala derecha y recorra 1-1/2 kil6metros hasta lIegar ala segunda 

casa a su izquierda. 

~ Partida 5 - Escriba la localizacion del terreno que usted operaba en el 1977. 

Municipio Balrio Cuerdas 

Comentarios 

~Partida 6 - Persona que prepara este informe 

Nombre Fecha Telefono 

Codigo de area Nomero 

FORMA 78-AaOIPRISP la-7-781 
78-A30(PR)SP-L1 

78-A30(PR)SP-l1 

(4-78) 

DEL DIRECTOR 

NEGOCIADO DEL CENSO 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT Of COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Washington, D.C. 20233 

OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR 

EI Censo de Aqricultura de 1978 para Puerto Rico sera tomado en julio de 1978 por correo 

V por medio de entrevistas personales. Se necesita su avuda para identificar sus actividades 

agrlcolas, verificar su direccion, V obtener la ubicacion del centro principal de sus operaciones. 

Tenga la bondad de IIenar el cuestionario adjunto V devolverlo 10 antes posible en el sobre 

libre de franqueo que inclulmos. 

La Encuesta Para Identificar a las Fincas es parte del Censo de Agricultura de 1978. La lev 

(titulo 13, Codigo de los Estados Unidosl requiere su respuesta. La misma lev provee que 

la informacion que usted suministra al Negociado del Censo es confidencial V solo puede 

ser vista por empleados juramentados del Censo. 

Muchas gracias por su cooperacion. 

Sinceramente, 

MANUEL D. PLOTKIN 

Adjunto 

185 
186 REPORT FORMS 78-A 1 (G) 

Form Approved: O.M.B. No. 41-578014 

FO R" 78-A I(G) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NOTICE - Response to this inquiry is required by law 

( 1.2.04 78) BUREAU OF THE CENSUS (title 13, U.S. Code). By the same law your report to 

LA 11 the Census Bureau is confidential. It may be seen only 

(,\.N-Y.t. 

by swom Census employees and may be used only for statistical purposes. Your report cannot be used for 

1978 CENSUS OF purposes of taxation, investigation, or regulation. 

;j '78 ~ .. • I 

AGRICULTURE FARM SERIAL HUMBER I 

~ ~ From A2, column (6) I 

.. - - ._- I 

G UAM CEHSUS USE OHL Y 

IMPORTANT: Fill this questionnaire if any member of the 035 036 037 

household harvested (or gathered) any crops or vegetables 03. 03' 0.0 during 1978, or has any livestock or 15 or more poultry. 

Section I ) OPERATOR 

Full name (First name, middle initial, last name) 

1. What is your (the operator's) name? 

Complete mailing address 

2. What is your (the operator's) 

mailing address? (Give address 

where correspondence is received.) 

Section 2 > LAHD 11'1 AGRICUL TURE 

None Hectares I Ares 

041 1 

1. How many hectares do you own? . .. , .. .......... . . ........ [J I 

042 I 

2. How many hectares do you rent from others? 0 

I ........... . ......... I 

043 I 

3. For how many hectares do you have a government lund permit? . . . . . . . . . 0 I 

04. I 

4. How many hectares do you occupy without a land permit? CJ I . . . . . . . . . . . . I 

5. How many hectares are furnished to you, in connection 045 I 

with your living quarters, by the government? ..... ............. . 0 I 

6. How mony hectares do you rent to others? 046 I 

I 

(Do not include land used by U.S. military services.) ............... 0 I 

047 

7. TOTAL AREA IN THIS PLACE (ADD the entries in items 1,2,3,4, and 5, 

then SUBTRACT the entry in item 6,) .. 04. 

8. Is the farm located on a hard 1 [] Yes I Miles I Tenths surface (all weather) road? .. .. 20 No - About how many miles is it to the 

1

049 I 

nearest hard surface (all weather) road? I /10 

9. Whot percent of the farm None Percent 

operation is financed by 050 

each of the following sources? o. Operator. ............ . . . . . . . . . . . . IJ 

051 

b. Private. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 052 

c. Commerc ia I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... IJ 

n 053 

d. Government. . ...................... 

0 

054 

e. Other· Speci fy 

10. How many unpaid and paid farm hands (including the operator 055 

and his family) worked on this place in 1977? .......... Total farm hands 

150 days 25 to 149 Less than 

or more? days? 25 days? 

0, Of the unpaid farm hands (including the operator 056 057 OS. 

and unpa id fami Iy workers), how many worked - , . ..... . 

b. Of the paid farm hands (hired workers and paid 059 060 061 

members of operator's family), how many worked - . .... . 

062 

11. Is this holding producing mainly for home consumption or sale? 1 [J Home consumption - Go to section 3 

20 Sale - Ask item 12 

063 

12. If producing mainly for sale, is it one of the following? .... 10 Vegetable holding 

20 Field crop holding 

3D Fruit and nut holding 

40 Dairy holding 

50 Livestock holding 

60 Poultry holding 

70 Mixed holding 

a 0 Other - Specify 
78-A 1 (G) REPORT FORMS 

Section 3 > CROPS HARVESTED IN 1977 

~----~------~~------~------~=-----~ How many hectares were How many How many What was • Were any of these 

VEGETABLES MID FIELD 

CROPS harvested in 1977? 

1. Bittermelons 

2. Cantaloupes 

3. Cassava (tapioca) 

~ Gada ........ . 

5. Muskmelons and pepinos 

6. Sweetpotatoes 

7. Taro ..... 

8. Watermelons 

9. Yams ... 

10. Chinese cabbage 

11. Corn .... 

12. Cucumbers 

13. Eggplant . 

14. Green beans 

15. Green onions. 

16. Head ca bbage . 

17. Peppers ..... 

18. Pumpkins and squash 

19. Radishes 

20. Tomatoes 

21. Other vegetables and 

field crops - Spec; fy .... 

• Were any of these Fruits, 

Nuts, and Tree crops 

harvested or gathered by 

you or your family in 1977? 

22. Avocados 

23. Bananas. 

24. Betelnuts . 

25. Breadfruits 

26. Coconuts . 

27. Grapefruits 

28. Guavas ..... 

29. Lemons .. Limes . 

30. Mangoes 

31. Oranges 

32. Papayas 

33. Pineapples 

34. Soursops .. 

35. Star Fruits 

36. Sweetsops . 

37. Tangerines 

38. Other fruits, nuts, and tree 

craps - Speci fy ............ . 

None 

1=:1 

[1 

[J 

o 

~l 

CI 

L'J 

[J 

LJ 

Cl 

CJ 

[J 

o 

CJ 

o 

Cl 

[J 

D 

o 

Ll 

o 

None 

CJ 

Cl 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

39. Nursery and Ornamental plants, None 

flowering trees and plants, 

shrubs, etc; on the place 

in the last 12 months . . . . .. 0 FORM 7e.Al{G) ll-:i!G-1B) 

harvested in 1977? POUNDS were POUNDS were the value 

(al harvested in sold in 1977? of sales 

1977? in 1977' Hectares 

064 

068 

072 

076 

OBO 

OB4 

OB8 

092 

096 

100 

104 

1 DB 

112 

116 

120 

124 

12B 

132 

136 

140 

144 

How many 

trees or 

plants ore 

not of 

bearing age? 

(a) 

148 

153 

158 

163 

168 

173 

178 

183 

1 BB 

193 

198 

203 

20B 

213 

'" 

1'23 

i"'2B 

Ares 

065 

069 

073 

077 

OBl 

B5 

089 

93 

097 

101 

105 

109 

113 

117 

121 

125 

129 

33 

137 

141 

145 

How many 

trees or 

plants are of 

bearing age? 

(b) 

149 

154 

159 

164 

169 

174 

179 

1 B4 

1 B9 

194 

199 

204 

209 

214 

219 

224 

229 

(b) (c) (d) 

How many 

pounds were 

harvested 

in 1977? 

(e) 

150 

155 

160 

165 

170 

175 

180 

1 B5 

190 

195 

200 

205 

210 

215 

220 

225 

230 

066 

070 

074 

078 

082 

B6 

090 

094 

098 

102 

106 

110 

114 

118 

122 

126 

130 

134 

138 

142 

146 

How many 

pounds were 

sold in 

1977? 

(d) 

151 

156 

161 

166 

171 

176 

181 

1 B6 

191 

196 

201 

206 

211 

216 

221 

226 

231 

067 

071 

075 

079 

083 

087 

091 

095 

099 

103 

107 

111 

115 

119 

123 

127 

131 

135 

139 

143 

147 

What was the 

value of 

sales in 

1977? 

(e) 

152 

157 

162 

167 

172 

177 

182 

1 B7 

192 

197 

202 

207 

212 

217 

222 

227 

232 

Number of plants on 

the place 

Number of plants sold What was the value 

of soles in 1977? 

(a) (b) (e) 

.233 234 

Page 2 

187 
188 REPORT FORMS 78-A 1 (G) 

Section 4 > LAND USE 

On how much of 

Number of hectares this land are crops 

or livestock being 

Of the total hectares on thi s place raised for sale? 

(Section 2, item 7) - (a) (b) 

None Hectares Ares Hectares I Ares 

236 I 237 I I 

1. How many hectares of land are in crops? ........... 0 I I 

23e I 23. I 

0 I I 

2. How much cropland is used for pasture? ........... I I 

24.0 I 241 I 

3. How much cropland is not used for crops or pasture? ... 0 I I 

242 I 243 I 

4. How much pastureland is used for pasture or grazing? D I I .. I I 

244 I 245 I 

5. How much posturelond is not used for pasture or grazing? 0 I I 

246 I 247 

6. How many hectares are in other land? .......... 0 I I ... I I 

7. TOTAL LAND (Add entries in items I through 6. 24e I 24. I 

The total in col. (a) should be equal .. I I 

I I 

to the entry in section 2, item 7.) I I 

I I 

Section 5 > LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY 

Do you or anyone else have ant of the following How many are on How many were What was the value livestock and poultry on this p ace or were any thi s place today? sold in 1977? of sales in 1977? 

sold from this place in 1977? None (a) (b) (c) 

2'0 251 252 

1. Carabaos of all ages ...... .... . . ... 0 253 254 255 

2. Total cattle and calves of all ages .. ..... 0 

(Must equal sum of a and b below.) 256 257 121;e 

a. Milk cows .......... . .. . · . .. 0 2 •• 260 261 

b. All other cattle and calves . . · . . . 0 262 263 264 

3. Hogs and pigs of all ages .. . . . . · . · . 0 265 266 267 

4. Goats and kids of all ages . . .. · . 0 26B 26. 270 

5. Horses and colts of all ages ... . . · . 0 271 272 273 

6. Chicken hens 4 months old and over . .. . .. . 0 

(Must equal sum of a and b below.) 274 275 27. 

o. Commercial layers ......... ....... . 0 277 27e 27. 

b. Other chicken hens ................. 0 2eo 2el 2e2 

7. Chickens less than 4 months old ... . ... . .. 0 2e3 2B4 2e5 

8. Roosters and pullets ........... . .. . ., . 0 2e6 2e7 2ee 

9. Other poultry 

a. Ducks 0 ••• . . . .. . . · . ., . · . 0 2e. 2.0 12• , 

b. Geese . , .. . . . .. . . · . . . · . 0 2.2 2.3 2.4 

c. Guineas. . . . . .. . . ............ · . 0 2.5 2.6 2.7 

d. Pigeons . . .. . ............ . · . 0 2.e 2 •• 300 

e. Other - Speci fy 0 

Number sold [What wa s the value 

in 1977 of sales in 1977? None (a) (b) 

301 302 

10. How many do.en. of chicken eggs were sold during 1977? ... . .. . . D Dozens 

303 304 

11. How many quarts of milk were .old during 19771 ..... . ... . . . .. 0 Quarts 

Section 6 > FISHERY What was the valu. Pounds sold of lale. in 19771 None (a) (b) 

30S 306 

1. What wal the total pound. of fi.h harve.ted during 1977? ........ 0 307 308 

2. How many poundl were lold in 19771 ............ . ........ 0 

FORM 7S.AI!G/ 11-26·78) Pace 3 
78-A1(G) REPORT FORMS 189 

Section 7 ) SELECT ED EXPENDITURES IN 1977 

How much did you spend for each of the following in 1977? None Dollars only 

30. 

I. Machin.e hire and customwork .. . ........ . . . . . . . . . .. . .... .. 0 

2. Wages and salaries paid to employees or hired farm workers (Do not incluele 310 

housework or contract construction work. Incluele cosh payments only.) .. 0 

3. Feed purchased for livestock ond poultry (lncluele cost of groin, feeel, 311 

concentrates, anel roughages; also ornount paiel for grineling anel mixing feeel.) . ... 0 

312 

4. Insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . 0 

313 

5. Fertilizers and manure purchased .. . .. , . . . . .... . . .. . ... 0 

314 

6. Livestock and poultry purchased . , . . ' . .. . .... . . . .. . . 0 

Section 8 > EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES USED ON THE PLACE IN 1977 

I. How many of the following are on this place? (lncluele 0/1 specifieel equipment on None Number this place toelay, regarelless of ownership, provieleel it is in operating conelition.) 315 

a. Tractor (of all kinds) · . . . . .... .... . . . . 0 316 

b. Motortruc ks ...... . · . . . . . . ..... . . 0 

317 

c. Automobiles ............. . . . . . . . . . .. . .... . . . ... . . . ... 0 

2. Do you have the following on this place? 

318 

a. Electricity ....... · . . . . . . . · . . . I DYes 20 No 

31. 

b. Piped running water .. · . . . . . .. · . . . '0 Yes 20 No 

Section 9 ) OPERATOR CHARACTERISTICS 

The following questions are about the FARM OPERATOR. 

320 

I. Do you live on this place? ..... . ... . ..... · . . . '0 Yes 20 No 

321 

2. In what yeor did you begin to operate this place? .. Year 

322 

3. Howald were you on your lost birthday? .. Years old 

323 

4. What is your main occupation? .... '" . . . . ... . ... 10 Agricultural 20 Non-agricultural 

32. 

5. OFF FARM WORK - How many days did the operator 10 None 40100-149 days 

work 4 hours or more off this place in 1977? 20 1-49 days 50 150-199 days Include work at a non/arm job, business or on SOmeone 

else's larm. Excluele exchange form wo~k ......... .... 30 50-99 days 60200 days or more 

Section 10) ENUMERATOR'S RECORD (To be li/leel by the Census enumerator) 

32' 

I. Who furnished the information in this report? 10 Operator 40 Wife or member of 

the operator's family 

20 Landlord 

30 Hired laborer sOOther - Specify 

2. Remorks (Make any remarks needed in regard to the place, the owner or operator. the crops cultivated, or 

the livestock on this place.) 

3. Resl dence a. Election District b. Village 

of operator 

4. Location a. Election District h. ED number 

of land -

5. Certifl ed by Enumerator's si ,nature IDste 

I 

6. Checked by Supervisor's sl,nature 'Date 

I 

I 

FORM 78 ..... lIG) (1 2e 18) 
190 REPORT FORMS 

Form Approved: O.M.S. No. -11-S78019 

FORM 78·A 1(VI) (2.te.715) 

, '" ~. U.S. OEPARTt,tENT OF COMMERCE 

~ _--=-~ BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

('78~ 

to40TICE - Response to this Inquiry Is reQuired by Jaw (tltll!! 13. 

U.S. Code). By the same law your rl!lport to the Census Bureau Is 

conf!dentlal, It may be seen only by sworn Census employees 

and may be used only for statistical purposes. Your report can· 

not be used for purposes of taxation, Investigation. or regulation. 

1978 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE \ 

VIRGIN ISLANDS I 

CENSUS USE ONLY 1

035 

1. What is your (the operator's) name? •...............• 

2. What is your (the operator's) moiling address? ••••..•.•. 

(Give acicire$$ where corresponcirmce is rece;vecio) 

Section 2,> LAND IN AGRICUL TURE 

Repon only in whole acres 

FARM SERIAL NUMBER 

From A2 column (8) 

Full name (FIrst name, middle Initials, Jast name) 

Complete mailing address 

None ~ __ ~A~c,;e~, ___ ~ 

0<1 

1. How many acre:!. do you own? (If you own more than one tract of lanci, inc/uae all lana in 'he Virgin Is/anciso) • . . • •. CJ ~ _______ -I 

2. How many acres do you rent from others? (Include acres worked on shores.). . • • . . . • . . . . . • . • • . . • • . • . • . .• 0 043 

30 How many acres do you operate for others as a hired or salaried manager? [] 

4. How many acres do you rent to others? . . . . . . . • . . . • . . . . • • . . • • • . • . . . . . . . . . . • . • . • • . . . . . . • . • .. 0 045 

5. TOTAL ACRES IN THIS PLACE (Add items I and 2. subtract item 4; if managed. enter data from item 3 here.) -+L-..-----I 6. Is the farm located on a hard sudace (all weather) road? ... 046 1 0 Yes Miles IT enths 

047 20 No - About how many miles is it to the nearest 

hard surface (011 weather) rood? .........• L-_____ L...:..1.:..I0"-j 

None Percent 

7. What percent of the farm operation is financed by each 04' 

of the following sources? ..•.......••.....••...•••••..•... a. Operator ••...•.••....••.•..• [J 049 

b. Private .....••...•.....•..•. 0 050 

c. Commercial 0 051 

d. Government 0 052 

e. Other - Specify ________ _ [J 

8. How many unpaid and paid farm hands (including the operator 053 

aod his family) worked on this place the last 12 months? ..••...••.. _____ Total farm hands 

150 day5 25 to 149 Less than 

or more~ days? 25 days? 

054 055 056 

a. Of the unpaid form hands (including the operator and unpaid family workers), how many worKed - •.. 057 OS& 

b. Of the paid farm hands (hired workers and paid members of operator's family), how many worked - ..• 

9. What typllt of operating organizO'tion does this place have? ......••.... 060 1 r.J Individual 

(If you are a manager, specify if working for on inaividual, 2 [] Partnership 

partnership, corporation, cooperative, estate, trust, etc.) 30 Corporation (Do not include cooperatives) 

4 [] Other (Cooperative, estate, trust. etc.) 

061 

10. Is this holding producing mainly for home consumption or sale? . . . . . . .. 1 [l Home consumption - Go to section 3 

2 [.I Sale - Ask item II 

062 

059 

11. If produdng mainly for sale, which of the following is. it? ............ 10 Vegetable holding 

2 [.J Field and forage crop holding 

3 [l Fruit and nut holding 

40 Dairy holding 

sO Livestock holding 

6 [J Poultry holding 

7 CJ Nursery holding 

.0 Mixed holding 

90 Othe, - Specif" 

Section 3) CROPS HARVESTED IN THE LAST 12 MONTHS 

Include all crops harvested from July 1, 1977 to June 30, 1978 from the Jand reported in section 2, item 5, whether harvested by you or by 

~omeone else. Be sure to include the landlord's. share. Do not include crops which were a complete failure or which were not harvested 

because of drought, lobor shortage, low prices, or destruction from any cause. Report tenths of an acre, such as 1/10,3/10,1-5/10, etc. 

.Were any of these FORAGE crops cultivated 

on this placllt in the lost 12 months? 

How many 

acres were 

planted? 

How many 

acres were 

for cutting? 

How many 

acres were 

for grazing? 

How many What was the 

acreS were value of sales 

used for both in the la~t 

purposes? 12 months? 

(b) (c) (d) (e) 

0" 0" 0" 0.7 

None~~_(~'~) ______ ~ __ --'-~ ____ ~~ __ ~~ __ -4~~--'-~ ____ +==-__ ~ ______ 4 0.3 

0.' 070 071 072 1. Sugarcane. . . . . . . . • . . . . • . • . . . . . • . . . . • .• CJ ~O"'68co------+=-----l-:-::;:-------h~-----4=:---------4 

07. 075 07' 077 

2. Sorghum .........•.......•••• • .• •·•··· CJ ~~-----l.,....-----+.,....----~~----~------.I 073 

3. TOTAL 

78-A1 (VI) 
78-AI(VI) REPORT FORMS 191 

S.ction 3 > CROPS HARVESTED IN THE LAST 12 MONTHS - Contlnu.d 

How monl ACRES we,e How manl POUNDS were ~:;: ~:rJ i~O~~?a~t What was the V ALU E • Were any of these FIELD harvest. in the lost har ... est. in the last of soles in the last 

CROPS h.r ..... d 12 months? 12 months? 12 months? 12 months? In the lost 12 months? None a b (e) (dl 

07. , 07. 080 061 

4. Cassava 0 , /10 

0.2 , 0.3 0.' o.s 

5. Dry beonl 0 , ... /10 

0 •• , 0.7 0 •• 089 

6. Dry corn 0 , /10 

090 I 09' 092 09, 

7. Sorghums for grain, . 0 I /10 

09' , 0 •• 0 •• 0.7 

8. Sweetpototoes. . . . . . 0 , 110 

0'8 I 099 '00 10' 

9. Taniets, ... , . .... .. . 0 I 110 

, 3 10' I lOS 

10. Y.ms .. 0 , /10 

10. I 107 10. 10. 11. Oth.r fi.ld crops - Specify" , 

I 

0 I 110 

How many ACRES were Whot was the VALUE 

harvested in the last of sales in the last 

• W.r. any 01 th ••• VEGETABLE CROPS 12 months? 12 month So? 

harvested in the lost 12 months? None (a) (bl 

110 

12. Cabb.ge. '" 0 , 110 

112 I 113 

13. Carrots 0 , .. - .. 110 

114 I liS 

14. C.lery .. 0 , ...... , . 110 

11. , 117 

15. Cucumbers. 0 , . .. 110 

". , 16. Eggplant "' 0 , ... /10 

120 , '21 

17. Green beans. 0 , 110 

122 , '23 

18. Lettuce. 0 I 110 

124 I 125 

19. Okra . . . . . . 0 , 110 

". , >27 

20. Onions. 0 1 110 

12' I 129 

21. Peppers. 0 I /10 

130 1 131 

22. Spl nach . .. . ..... , . ... 0 I 110 

132 , 133 

23. Squ •• h. .. . ... 0 , /10 

134 I 13S 24. Tomatoes .. ..... 0 I 110 

136 137 , 

I 

0 , 25. Other vegetables - Specify 1 110 

• FRUITS AND NUTS 

26. Are there any fruit and nut trees or plants on this place 138 

today or were any harvested in the lost 12 months? ... ... '0 Yes 20 No - Skip to section 4 

I Acres ! Tenths 

140 I 

13' , 27. How muc~ land is in bearing and nonbearing fruit trees and plants todoy? ....... 10 Less than 5110 acr~s OR , ! 10 

• Are any of the following kinds of How many trees or How many trees How much was How many were What WQS the value FRUIT TREES, NUT TREES, OR plants ore not of or plants ore of harvested in the sold in the last of sales in the lost PLANTS on this pl.ce? beoring oge? bearing oge? lost 12 months? 12 months? 12 months? None a) (b) e (d) el 

28. Avocados. 0 141 142 I" 144 14S ... . . . .. , . Number Number Fruits Fruits 14. 147 \48 14' 150 29. Banonas . .. . ... 0 Hills Hills Bunches Bunches 

0 151 152 153 15' 15S 30. Coconuh ....... . ... Number Number Nuts Nuts "6 157 15S 15' 160 31. Gropefrvits . . . . . 0 Number Number Lbs. Lbs . ,., 162 163 '" 16S 32. limes and lemons ... . .. . 0 Number Number Lbs. Lbs . 

'" ,.7 166 '69 170 33. Mangoes. .... 0 Number Number Fruits FrUits 

0 171 172 173 174 175 3-4. Oranges. ..... . .... . ... . Number Number lbs. Lbs . 

17' 177 \7' \7' 160 35. P.payo •. . . ., .... 0 Number Number Lbs. Lbs. I., ,.2 '.3 184 ,.S 36. Pineapples, .. .. 0 Number Number Boxes Boxes IS. '.7 , .. ,., 190 37. Plantains. ., .. 0 Hills Hills. Bunches Bunches 

38. Other fruits, nuts, and tree crops _ '" "2 103 194 \95 

Specify,l 

0 

Square (eet Acres : Tenths What was the value of sales under cover in the lost 12 months? 

39. How many square feet under co ... er and/or acres ". 1>7 I ". did you have plant.d In ORNAMENTAL PLANTS I 

I or in .ny oth.r NURSERY CROPS? .. .. .. . ..,' . . .... , and/or I 110 

FORM 711-A1\v.) ,a-le-711) Paie "2 
192 REPORT FORMS 

Section 4 > LAND USE IN THE LAST 12 MONTHS 

Land is to be reported in ONLY ONE CATEGORY. If two or more uses' 

were mode of the some land, report in tl,e FIRST category that applies. 

1. How many acres we~e in crops harvested in the lost 12 months? (Can be obtained by adding 

rhe acres of the VOrlOUS crops reported in section 3. items I through 38. However, if more 

rhan one crop was harvested from the same land, count this land only once for this item.) , . 

2. ~ow mony acres were in other cropland? (Include croplana pasture, crop (ailure, 

,e/le Clnd (of/ow cropland, and crop lana used for soil improvement crops.) ...... . 

Ac,"' Nonel-;i 1= .. ---'-==-----1 

D~20=0----------~ 

D~ ____________ ~ 

3. How many acres were in other posture or grozing land? {Include woodland posture; c/o not incluae crop/ana posture.} 0 1201 

4. How many acres were in woodland? (Do not incluae wood/ona posture.). 0 1202 

5. How many acres were in other uses? (lncluae house lots, bom lots, lanes, rooas, aitches, ponds, ana wasteland.). 0 1203 

1

204 

6. TOTAL LAND (Add entries in items I through 5. This total should equal the entry in section 2, item 5.) ___ •• 0 

~------------~ 

None 1-2=o,-----"-N"m-be-' . __ ---j 

7. How many well s are on thi s place? . o 

Section 5 > LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY ON THIS PLACE NOW AND NUMBER SOLD IN THE LAST 12 MONTHS 

• Do you or anyone else have any of the following livestock, 

regardless of ownership, on this place or were any sold from 

this place in the last 12 months? 

1. Horses and colts, including ponies. 

2. Mules, asses, and burros of all ages. 

3. Sheep and lambs of a II ages .. 

4. Goats and kids of all ages. 

5. Hogs and pigs of all oges, including sows and boors 

(Must equal sum of a and b below.) 

o. Pigs less than 8 months old. 

b. Hogs and pigs 8 months old or older 

6. Cottle and calves of all ages (Must equal sum of a, b, " and d below.) 

o. Cows, including heifers thot have calved 

b. Heifers and heifer calves 1 year old and over 

(Do not include heifers that hove colvea.) 

c. Bulls, bull calves, steers, and steer calves 1 yeor old and older. 

d. Calves less than 1 year old. 

• Do you or anyone else have any of the following poultry, 

regardless of ownership, on this place or were any sold 

from this place in the last 12 months? 

7. Chickens {hens, pullets, roosters, broilers, etc.} , . 

a. How many are 5 months old or older? .. 

8. Turkeys, ducks, geese, and other poultry 

None 

II 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

None 

0 

[~1 

D 

9. How many dozens of chicken eggs were sold from this place in the lost 12 months? 

10. How many quarts of milk were sold from this place in the lost 12 months? 

Sect;on 6 > SELECTED EXPENDITURES IN THE LAST 12 MONTHS 

• How much did you spend for each of the following in the lost 12 months? 

1. Machine hire and custamwork 

2. Wages and salaries paid to employees or hired form workers (Do not include 

housework or contract construction work. Include cosh payments only.) ... 

3. Feed purchased for livestock and poultry (Include cost of groin, feed, concentrates, 

ana rougha9cs; olso amount paia for grinding and mixing feed.) . ... , ... _ ... 

4. Insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides 

5. Fertilizer!'; and manure purchased. 

6. Livestock and poultry purchased 

~ow rna ny ore on 

this place now? 

Ho:~ many were 

sold in the last 

12 months? 

(a) (b) 

206 207 

209 210 

212 213 

21' 216 

218 219 

221 222 

224 225 

227 228 

230 231 

"3 "4 

236 237 

239 240 

How many are on How many were 

this place now? sold in the lost 

12 months? 

lal (bl 

1242 243 

1

24

[248 

' 

~ 

Number sold 

What was the v~lue 

of soles in the last 

12 months? 

(e) 

20, 

214 

217 

220 

223 

226 

229 

232 

235 

"8 

241 

What was the value 

of sales in the last 

12 months? 

Ie) 

244 

iCi;i";:,'!';:,,r, " 250 

What was the value 

of sales in 'he lost 

12 months? 

None f=.,---->:( a~) __ -+""," __ -,-, Illb"--l __ -1 

o 251 ~oze", 252 

o 253 Quans [254 

None Dolla", only 

'55 

0 ,,. 

C 257 

[] 

258 , .. [~ 

' .. D 259 

,., .. , . [] 260 

I Sect;o" 7_) EQUIPMENT AND FACILITI ES USED ON THIS PLACE IN THE LAST 12 MONTHS 

1. How many of the following ore an this place? (lncluae all specified equipment on 

'his place toaoy, regaraless of ownership, proviaed i1 is in operating condition.) 

a. Tractors of all kinds 

b. Motortruc Ie s 

c. Automobiles 

2. Do you have the following on this place? 

a. Electricity. 

b. Piped running water. 

. , , ' .264 1 0 Yes 

. . 26! l_pYes 

Pale 3 

20No 

20No 

None 

[] 

[J 

C 

Numb« 

261 

262 

2.3 

78-A1 (VI) 
78-A 1 (VI) REPORT FORMS 

Section 11 ) OPERATOR CHARACTERISTICS 

[ The following questions are about the FARM OPERATOR. 

1. Do you live on this place (the acres entered in section Z, item 5)? .' 266 10 Yes 

2. In whot yeor did you begin to operat. this place? •..•••••••.•. 

3. Where were you born? •...•.•.....•.•.••. : •••••••..•• 

4. How old were you on your lost birthday? •••••.•••••.•..•..• 

5. 15 your main occupation agricultural or nonpogriculturol? ..•...•. 

6. OFF FARM WORK - How many days did the operotor work A hours 

or more off this place in the lost 12 months? IncluJe work at a 

nonfarm job, business, or on someone else's form. (Exclude 

exchonge farm work.) •.•••••.••.••..••.••.•.••••.... 

Section 9 > ENUMERATOR'S RECORD 

1. Who furnished the information in this report? •...•.......••.. 

267 

'68 

269 

270 

271 

272 

Year 

10 Virgin Islands 

2 [] Puerto Rico 

____ years old 

, 1::'"] Agricultural 

1 n None 

211 1-49 days 

• ~J 50-99 day s 

1 ~ Operator 

20 Landlord 

:3 [J Wi fe or a member of 

- the operator' 5 fami I y 

2 [J No 

2 n Non-agrl cultural 

40100-149 days 

5 r~l 150-199 days 

6 [] 200 days or more 

4 [. 1 Hired laborer 

51~j Ne; ghbor 

6 0 Other - Spec; (yoJ 

2. Remarks (Make any remarks needed in regard to this place. the owner or operator, the crops cultivated. or the livestock on this place.) 

3. Location 

of land 

4. C.rtifi.d by 

5. Chocked by 

o. Island lb. auarter or ci ty 

Enumerator's signature 

Supervisor's signature 

I c~ ED number 

1 

1 

1 

I Date 

1 

I 

I 

I Date 

I 

I 

I 

193 
194 REPORT FORMS 

NOTICE - Response to this Inquiry is required by law 

(til Ie 13, U.S, Code), By the same law your report to 

the Census Bureau is confidential. It may be seer only 

by sworn Census employees and may be used only for 

statistical purposes. 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Form Approved: O.M.B. No. 41 8 579062 

FORM 80-A l(NM) 111'30-791 SURE AU 0 F TH E C ENSU S h,---.,-.,--,-l-.,---J----------...L--.L..---~ 

1980 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE 

NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS Address - Complete mailing address 

INSTRUCTIONS 

A farm is defined as "any place that has 15 or more 

poultry (chickens. ducks, guineas, etc.); 5 or more 

livestock (cattle, hogs,' goats, etc.); a combined 

total of 10 or more fruit or nut trees or plants; or 

any place of 100 square meters or more on which 

roots or field crops or vegetables were harvested 

for sale during 1979." ' 

Reporting Land in Section 1 

This section is for recording information on all 

agricultural land the operator is associated with 

and for reporting the names of all landlords. 

Question 1 - Acres owned - Report all land owned 

whether held under title. purchase contract or mortgage. or as heir or trustee of an undivided estate, 

by you and lor your spouse, or by the partnership, 

corporation, or organization for which you are 

reporting. 

LAND IN AGRICUL TURE 

1. How many acres do you own? 

Question 2 - Acres rented or leased FROM OTHERSReport all land rented, even though the landlord may 

have supplied equipment, fertilizer, orother materials 

and lor some supervision of the work. 

Question 3 - Acres rented TO OTHERS - Include 

land rented to others for cash or a share of the 

crops or livestock or rent-free. 

Question .4 - Total Acres in this Place - The 

entry is the sum of the acres owned. plus acres 

rented FROM OTHERS, minus the acres rented 

TO OTHERS. This entry represents all tracts of 

land regardless of where located in the Northern 

Mariana Islands that is operated by the person 

in charge. 

None f-,;.,,-----'--'----"'-'--l 

2. How many acres do you rent FROM OTHERS? Include land used rent-free 

What is the FULL NAME of the owner of this land?--, 

3, How mony acres do you rent TO OTHERS? 

Include land for whjch no rent is received [J 

4. TOTAL ACRES IN THIS PLACE - ADD acres owned (question I) and acres 

rented 

acres rented 

(question 

TO OTHERS 

2), then SUBTRACT 

(question 3), 

~ 

---".-

and enter the result in this space. 

5. How many separote TRACTS or PIECES of land or plantations 046 

are represented in the "Total acres in this place?" Number of pieces 

047 

6. Is this holding producing mainly for 

home consumption or sole? -

Mark (X) one 1 [J Home consumption -,SKIP to question 8. 

2 ~_"I Sale - If for sale, go to question 7. 

7. Whot kind of a holding 

is it' - Mark (X) one 

8. What percent of the farm 

operation is financed by 

each of the following sources? 

048 

I I. I Crop holding 

2 ~J Livestock and/or poultry holding 

a. Operator 

b. Private 

c. Commercial 

d. Government 

e. Other -

3 [.: Mixed holding 

4 r~ I Other 

None 

1-0"'4"'9-------1 

l-:-' 051 

[' 

80-A1(NM) 
80-A1(NM) REPORT FORMS 

Section 2 > VEGETABLES AND FI ELD CROPS 

Did you harve.t any VEGETABLES or FIELD CROPS lost year -

such as yams, sweetpototoes, melons, taro, etc.? 

002 , 0 Yes _ Complete this section 

20 No - Go to section 3 

L Cassava 

2. Chinese cabbage 

3. Corn .... 

4. Cucumbers, 

5. Eggplant .. 

6. Honeydews 

7. Melons 

S. Muskmelons 

9. Sweetpotatoes 

10. Taro .. 

11. Watermelons . 

12. Yams 

13. Other crops - Specify 7 

Section 3 > FRUIT, NUT, AND TR EE CROPS 

Do you have any FRUIT, NUT, or TREE crops on this place - such as 

coconuts, bonanas, mangoes, etc.? (Quantity harvested in 1979 and 

number of trees and plants on enumeration day.) 

003 

1 0 Yes - Complete this section 

2 [] No - Go to section 4 

L Avocados 

2. Bananas 

3. Betelnuts 

4. Breadfruits 

5. Coconuts. 

6. Coffee .. 

7. Green oranges . 

8. Guavas 

9. Lemons 

10. Limes . 

11. Mangoes 

12. Papayas 

13. Pineapples 

14. Star fruits . 

15. Tangorines 

16. O~her fruits, nuts, or tree crops - Specify 7 

Section 4 ;> LAND USE 

Of the total acres in thi s place (Section I. question 4) -

1. How many acres are in crops? , 

None 

0 

C' 

C' 

0 

C' 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

C 

None 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

.C' 

C' 

·0 

0 

·C 

·0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

o 

2. ttow many acres are in other cropland (croplond pasture, crop failure, 

idle cropland, and croplond used for $oil improvement)? , . 

3. How mony aCres are in other pasture or gra1ing land? (Include woodland 

pastured. Do not include cropland pasture.) 

4. How many acres are in other lunds? (Include houselots. roads, woodland 

not pastured. wasteland. etc.) 

S. TOTAL LAND - Add entries in questions I through 4. Total should 

be equal to entry in section I. question 4. 

Page 2 

I 

195 

How many acres were How many 

harvested in 1979? pounds 

were 

(a) harvested 

in 1979? 

Who!e acres Tenths (b) 

062 063 

/10 

064 065 

110 

066 067 

110 

068 069 

110 

080 081 

110 

082 083 

110 

084 085 

/10 

086 087 

110 

088 089 

110 

090 091 

/10 

092 093 

110 

094 095 

110 

096 097 

110 

How many trees or How much 

plants are on we 5 harves ted 

this place? in 1979? 

(a) (b) 

120 121 

Pounds 

122 123 

Clusters Pounds 

124 125 

Pounds 

12' 127 

Pounds 

130 '" Pounds 

134 135 

Pounds 

13. 137 

Pound s 

138 139 

Pounds 

140 141 

Pounds 

142 143 

Pounds 

144 145 

Pounes 

148 149 

Pounds 

150 151 

Fruits 

152 153 

Pound s 

154 155 

Pounds 

158 159 

Pounds 

Acres 

None Whole acres I Tenths 

201 

0 /10 

202 

0 /10 

203 

0 110 

204 

0 110 

• 205 "'I 

.. 110 
196 REPORT FORMS 

Section 5 > LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY 

How many of the following livestock and/or poultry are on this place? 

None Number 

250 

1. Carabaos ..... 0 

251 

2. Tolal cottle and calves (Must equal sum of "a" and "b" below.) ............. . C Of this total, how many ore - 252 

a. Milk cows .... , ..... . o 

253 

b. All other cottle and calves 0 

25. 

3. Hogs and pigs 0 

255 

4. Goals and kids 0 

256 

5. Horses, mules, and colts 0 

6. Other livestock - Specify" 25. 

0 

266 

7. Chickens ... 0 

8. Other poultry (ducks, pigeons, guineas, geese, turkeys, etc.) - Specify -;r 267 

0 

Quantity sold 

None in 1979 

275 

9. How many chickens were sold during last year? ... , .... 0 Number 

27' 

10. How many dozens of chicken eggs were sold during last yeor? 0 Dozens 

Section 6 > FISHERY 

Total pounds 

caught 

Total pounds 

sold 

Value of sales 

(dollars) 

1. How mony pounds of fish were caught 

during 1979? . 

None 

o 

(a) 

277 27. 

Section 7> SELECTED EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES USED ON THIS PLACE 

1. How many of the following are on this place?- Include all specified equipment 

on [his place today, regardless of ownership. provided it is in operating condition 

and used in the form business. 

a. Troctors (of all kinds) other than garden tractors and motor tillers 

b. Motortrucks. 

c. Automobiles 

2. Do you have the f-ollowing on this place? 

o. Electricity . 

b. Piped running water 

Section 8 > OPERATOR CHARACTERISTICS 

The following questions are about the FARM OPERATOR 

1. Do you live on this place? 

2.3 

2., 

2.0 

291 

10 Yes 

10 Yes 

1 DYes 

(b) 

2. In what year did you begin to operate this place? ______ Year 

2.2 

27' 

None 2.0 

0 

2., 

0 

2.2 

0 

20 No 

20 No 

2 [] No 

(c) 

Number 

3. Age of operato<. (Copy from Population and Housing questionnaire.) ______ Years old 

4. What is your principal occupation? . 

5. OFF-FARM WORK - How many days did the 

operator work at least 4 hours per day off this 

placo in 1979? - Include work at a nonfarm job, 

business, or on Someone else's form. Exclude 

exchange farm work 

Page 3 

293 

2 •• 

10 Farming 

10 None 

201-49 days 

3050-99 days 

2 0 Other than 

farming 

40100-149 days 

5 [J 150-199 days 

6 C 200 days or more 

80-A1(NM) 
SO-A1 (NM) REPORT FORMS 197 

Section 9 > ENUMERATOR'S RECORD (To be filled br the Census enumeralor) 

295 

1. Who furnished the information in this report? 1 [-- I Operator 4;- H I red laborer 

2[ ~ - Landlord 51 -: Other - Specify -, 

3[ Wi fe 01 a member of 

the operator's family 

2. Remarks (Make any remarks needed in regard to the place, the owner or operator, such as 

crop (ailure. low yields, droughts. (loads. insects. etc.) 

Enumerator: Ask. at the completion of this questionnaire - "Besides you, (the operator) does any other person 

296 living in this household produce or sell any crops, livestock, or poultry?" 

20 No - END INTERVIEW 

t' CJ Yes - Ask the following questions 

A. Does . . . have 15 or more poultry (chickens, ducks, guineas, etc.)? 

297 --. , C: Yes \ r2L.1 No • B. Does . .. have 5 or more livestock (cattle, hogs, goats, etc.)? 29B I( "Yes" to A, B, C. or 0- r2L:J No 'C: Yes • enter note in "Remarks" 

C. Does . .. hove a combined totol of 10 or more fruit, nut, or tree crops on column (Col. II) o( 

the place? Address Register and 

complete another '. 299 

r 2UNO , [J Yes • Agriculture questionnaire 

D. Does .•• hove 100 square meters or more on which root or field crops or 

(or the other person. 

vegetables were harvested for sale during 1979? 

300 2 L-=~ No '[~I Yes • 

3. Certified by Enumerator 1301 Date I 

I 

I 

4. Checked by Crew Leader : 302 Date 

I 

I 

, 

Page 4 
198 REPORT FORMS 

O.M.B. No. 4[-S7906[ 

NOTICE _ sponse to S Inquiry is required by law (title 

~~'re~~S; s Cc~~~ide~(~at,:e !~a::y I~: :~eu~ ~~fyor~y t~wt~r~ ~:~~~~ 1----+----.---...-----------.---..,/ employees and may be used only for statistical purposes. 

FORM 80.A1(AS) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

11~·3-791 BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

I stand/Oi Strict 

~ County 

1980 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE 

AMERICAN SAMOA 

Address - Camp/9ft;! mallinq address 

039 

INSTRUCTIONS 

A farm is defined as "any place that has 15 or more poultry 

(chickens. ducks, guineas, etc.); 5 or more livestock (cattle, 

hogs. goats, etc.); a combined total of 10 or more fruit or nut 

trees or plants; or any place of 100 square met0rs or more on 

which roots or field crops or vegetables were harvested for sale 

during 1979." 

Matei lends 

The Matai should be reported as the person in charge under 

part B, above. 

b. All lands to which title is held or ownership is claimed by 

the Matal should be reponed as owned under section I, 

question 1. 

c. Any land used for the benefit of the extended family group 

(aiga), to which Matai does not hold title or claim owner' 

ship, should be reported as land rented FROM OTHERS 

under section I, question 2. Do this even though no rent 

is paid to the owner of this land. 

d. Any land to which the title is held or ownership claimed by 

the Matai which is used by a nonmember of the extended 

family group (aiga) should be reported as land rented TO 

OTHERS under section I, question 3. Do this even though 

LAND IN AGRICULTURE 

no rent is paid by the nonmember. Likewise, if any member 

of the Matai family (fanau) or extended family group (aiga) 

is in full charge of the growing crops or keeping of animals 

or poultry on lands assigned to him by the Matai, such lands 

should be entered under section I, question 3. In such 

cases, a separate agriculture questionnnaire should be filled, 

for the lands reported under section I, question 3 in the 

name of that member as the person in charge. 

e. The area for which the Matai is expected to report about 

crop production is restricted to that shown under section I, 

question 4. 

Privately owned lands, not held or opereted under the Matai 

system - If crops were raised or livestock or poultry are kept, 

fil! this agriculture questionnaire in the name of the person in 

charge. The person is the one responsible for making the 

decisions. The person will usually be the head of the family 

which plants or gathers the crops. 

Experimental farms, schools, churches, and other institutions -

If crops were raised or livestock or poultry are kept, fill this 

agriculture questionnaire in the name of the institution. Also, 

give the name of the manager or superintendent in part B, above. 

1. How many acres do you own or use in ownerlike possession? ...... . 

041 

Are these Matai lands? ...... , ... . 2 [ J No 1 I' : Yes 

2. How mony acres do you rent FROM OTHERS? Include land used rent free . ....... [.: 

0_ What is the FULL NAME of the owner of this land?" 

043 

b. Are these Matai lands? ......... . 

3. How many acres do you rent TO OTHERS? Include land for which no rent is received -1 

4. TOTAL ACRES IN THIS PLACE - ADD acres owned (question I) and acres 

rented (question 2), then SUBTRACT • 

acres rented TO OTHERS (question 3), 

and enter the result in this space. 

046 

5. How many separate TRACTS or PIECES 

of 10 nd or plantations are represented in 

the "Total acres in this place"? ..... Number of pieces 

6. Is this holding producing mainly for 

home consumption or sale? -

Mark (X) one ................. . 

7. What kind of a holding 

is it? - Mark (X) one, 

8. What percent of the form operation 

is. financed by e-ach of the following 

sources? ................. . 

047 

1 f:l Home consumption· - SKIP to question 8, 

2 [ . I Sale - If for so/e, go to question 7. 

046 

1 f: 1 Crop holding 

2 [ .. ! Livestock and/or poultry holding 

a. Operator . 

b. Private •. 

c. Commercial 

d. Gove-rnment 

e. Other - Specify 

3 [ • I Mixed holding 

4!'] Other 

80-A1(AS) 
SO-A1 (AS) REPORT FORMS 

Section 2> VEGETABLES AND FIELD CROPS 

Did you harvest any VEGETABLES or FIELD CROPS lost year - such 

as cabbage, cassava, taro, yams, etc.? 

How many acres were How much was 

harvested in 1979? harvested in 

002 1 I:J Yes - Complete this sectIDn 

2 I~.: No - Go to section 3 

1. Cobbage. 

2. Cassava. 

3. Corn ..... . 

4. Cucumber . . . 

5. Giant Toro ....... . 

6. Green peas . ...... . 

7. Green peppers . .... . 

8. Sugarcane . ..... . 

9. Taro ..•....... 

10. Yams .............. . 

11. Other crops (Kova, sweetpotatoes, 

tobacco, etc.) - Specify", 

None 

'I 1- . 

la) 

Whole acres 

060 

062 

066 

068 

070 

072 

074 

076 

090 

094 

096 

1979? 

TenthS (b) 

061 

" 10 Pounds 

063 

110 Roors 

/10 067 Pounds 

069 

/10 Pound s 

071 110 Roots 

073 

/10 Pounds 

075 

/10 Pound s 

077 

" 10 Pounds 

091 

/10 Roots 

095 

/10 Roots 

097 

110 Pounds 

098 099 

Section 3> FRUITS, NUTS, AND TREE CROPS 

Do you have any FRUIT, NUT, or TREE CROPS on this place - such 

as bananas, coconuts, mangoes, pineapples, etc.? (Quantity harvested 

in 1979 and number of trees or plants on enumeration day.) How many trees 

or plants ore on 

this place? 

/[0 Pounds 

How much was 

harvested in 

003 1 r-] Yes - Complete this section 1979' 

2 (-I No - Go to section 4 None 1-'~2~0-_...:I.:.a:...) ---...j..,.'2~1~----,-I.:.b),-__ -< 

1. Avocados .. ... 

2. Bananas ..... . 

3. Breadfruits. 

4. Cocoa . ... 

5. Coconuts . ....... . 

6. Grapefruits .. ..... . 

7. Lemons. 

8. Limes . . 

9. Mangoes. 

10. Oranges. 

11. Papayas .•.... 

12. Pineapples ...... . 

13. Other fruits, nuts, or tree crops (pandanus, kopok, 

citrons, calfee) - Specify)i. 

Section 4) LAND USE 

Of the totol acres in this place (Section I, question 4) -

1. How many acres ore in crops? .... ........... . 

2. How many acres are in other cropland (cropland pasture, crop failure , 

I-J 122 ,-:1 126 

! ~ 1 128 1-: 130 , ., 

, . 

132 

1~1 100 

I-J 142 

1.-: 14. 

[1 146 

[I 148 I: 1 150 

l:J 158 

[~1 

160 

162 

idle cropland, and cropland used for soil improvement)? ............ . 

3. How many acres are in other pasture or grazing land? Include woodland pastured. 

Do not include cropland pasture .•...•.•••..•.••••..•...••••..... 

123 

Clusters 

127 

129 

131 

133 

141 

143 

lOS 

147 

149 

151 

159 

161 

163 

Acres 

None Whole acres 

1- 1 201 

-I 

202 

I' 203 

[I 

20' 

4. How many acres are in other lands? Include house/ots, roods, woodland not postured, 

wasteland, etc .••••.•.•..•..•••.••.••.•.•••..••.••.••..•.. 

5. TOTAL LAND (Add entries in questions I through 4. Total 

should be equal to entry in section I, question 4.) 

FORM 80.A!{AS) \12'3-79) Page 2 

1-' 

205 

Pounds 

Pounds 

Pounds 

Pound s 

Pounds 

Pounds 

Pound s 

Pounds 

Pounds 

Pound s 

Pound s 

Fruits 

Pounds 

Pound s 

Pound s 

I Tenths 

/10 

/10 

10 

·,0 

'10 

199 
200 REPORT FORMS 

Section 5 > liVESTOCK AND POULTRY 

How many of the following livestock and/or poultry are on this place? 

1. Totol cottle and calves (Must equal the sum of questions 

"a" and "b" below) 

Of this total, how many are -

o. Mi Ik cows .........•. 

b. All other cattle and calyes 

2. Hogs and pigs ...... . 

3. Horses, mules, and colts 

4. Other liyestock - SpecifYJi 

5. Chickens ..........•........•........•.•.••.... 

6. Other poultry (ducks, pigeons, guineas, geese, etc.) - Specify.,t. 

7. How many chickens were sold during last year? .....•...•... 

8. How many dozens of chicken eggs were sold during last year? . 

Section 6 > FISHERY 

None Number 

251 

o 252 

0 253 

0 254 

0 25. 

0 259 

0 

2 •• 

o 2.7 

o 

Quantity sold 

None in 1979 

[J 

o 

275 

276 

Number 

Dozens 

Total pounds Total pounds Value of sales 

caught sold (dollars) 

1. How many pounds of fish were caught 

during 1979? .........••...... 

None ~ ____ ~(a~) ______ 4-______ (~b~) ______ +-____ ~(~C)~ ____ ~ 

277 278 279 

['1 

Section 7 > SELECTED EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES USED ON THIS PLACE 

1. How many of the following are on this place? Include all specified 

equIpment on this place today, regardless of ownership, provided it 

IS in operating condition and used in the farm business. 

a. Tractors (of all kinds) other than gorden tractors and motor tillers. 

b. Motortrucks .. 

c. Automobiles .. 

2. Do you hove the following on this place? 

a. Electricity ...... . 283 

b. Piped running water. 284 

Section a > OPERATOR CHARACTERISTICS 

The following questions are about the FARM OPERATOR 

1. Do you live on this place? ................•........ 290 

291 

2. In what year did you begin to operate this place? .•.•..•.•.. 

3. Age of operator. (Copy from Population and Housing questionnaire.) 

4. What is your principal occupation? 

5. OFF-FARM WORK -

How many days did the operator work 4 hours or more 

off this place in 1979? Include work at a non/arm iob, 

bus;ness, or on someone else's farm. Exclude exchange 

farm work . .....•............•.........•... 

FORM IiO_AI!AS) (12-~_701 Page 3 

292 

293 

294 

None 

[J 

[J 

[J 

1 DYes 

1 DYes 

1 [J Yes 

________ Year 

_________ Years old 

1 D Farming 

1 ['] None 

20 1-49 days 

3 0 50-99 days 

Number 

280 

281 

282 

2oNo 

2 [J No 

2 [-=:J No 

2 D Other than 

farming 

4 L-=:J 100-149 days 

50 150-199 days 

6 [-=:J 200 days or 

more 

80-A1(AS) 
SO-A1(AS) REPORT FORMS 201 

Section 9 _> ENUMERATOR'S RECORD 

295 

1. Who furnished the information in this report? 10 Operator 50 Hired laborer 

To be filler! by the Census enumerator 20 Matai named as operator 60 Other - Specify J under part B, front page 

3D Landlord 

40 Wife or member of the 

operator's family 

2. ~emarks - Make any remarks needed in regard to the place, such as crop failure, 

low yi elds, droughts, floods, insects, etc. 

Enumerator - Ask, at the completion of this questionnaire - "Besides you, (the operotor) does any other person 

living in this household produce or sell any crops, livestock, or poultry?" 

296 

20 No - END INTERVIEW, 

r 1 0 Yes - Ask the following questions 

A. Does ••• have 15 or more poultry (chickens, ducks, guineas, etc.)? 

297 0 N r2 a 1 [~Yes • B. Does ••• hove 5 or more livestock (cattle, hogs, goats, etc.)? If "Yes" to A, B, C, or 29B 0 N r2 a 1 DYes • D - enter note in 

"Remarks" column (Col. II) C. Does ••• have a combined total of 10 or more fruit, nut, or tree crops >- of Address Register and on this place? complete another Agriculture 

299 0 N 10 Yes Questionnaire for the ,r-Z a • other person. 

D. Does ••• have 100 square meters or more on which root or fiel«l crops 

or vegetables were harvestecl FOR SALE cluring 1979? 300 

20No 1 DYes • 

3. Certified by Enumerator I Date 

I 301 

I 

1 

4. Checked by Crew Leader I Date 

: 302 

1 

FORM SO-AlIAS) {12-3·7Q Page .q 
202 REPORT FORMS 

Mark (X) the ONE box which best d •• crlbe. your prlncipailltl/vity slid Nst yolJ{prlnclpal (JIoduclS or sowl"". 

1 [-=-1 Soil preparation services (plowing, fertilizing, or weed control prior to planting, etc.) 

2 [) Crop services (planting; cultivating; dise~$e, 

insect, or weed control; harvesting; cotton 

ginning; preparation of crops for market; etc.) 

3 ;-~. J Vetennary services by licensed practitioners 

• 0 Animal servlco., elcep.1 vete'lnaiy (arlitlcial 

Insemination; boarding. showing. tratninS:f or grooming of animals; etc.) 

50 Farm labor and monagement services (labor eontrectors ... craw leaders, managers, cilfus caretakers. etc.) 

-- ------ -~----~~~~~~-~~~~~-

Section 2 - EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER 01. 

,DYES 

MlJrk (X) the box which best descrIbes the way the busln9SS was operated during 1978 

2 [J Partnership , 0 Corporation 

• 11 establishment was Inacttve during December 1978 due to S(J8sonat Of part~time 

operations, anSwer "Yes" unless it was not owned at the end of the year • 

01. 

1 [] YES 

20NO 

• INCLUDE only receipts from customers, excise ta",es and sales taxes, total charges for services or for 

the use of fllcilities, and merchandise sold, whether or not payment was received In 1978 . 

• DO NOT INCLUDE commiSSions from vending machine operatIons, real estate rental, interest, sale of 

real estate, and other non-operating income. 

Section 6 - PAYROLL 

lines a and b - Report tt-e gross earnings paijt in calendar year to employees prior to such deductions as 

employee's Social Security contributions, withholding taxes, group insurance premiums, union dues, and 

s('Ivlngs oonds. Include In gross earnings all wages, salaries, commiSSions, dismissal pay, paid bonuses, 

vocation and sick·leave pay, and the cash equivalent of compl'!nsation paid-in-kind. If a corporation, Ind:.zdl 

salafle~ of officer.,; If an unincorporated concern, exclude payments to proprietors Of partners. 

Section 7 - SUPPLEMENTAL LABOR COSTS NOT INCLUDED IN PAYROLL DURING 1978 

a. Legally Required Labor Expenditures During 1978 - Report payments for all programs required under Federal 

.1nd State legislallon such as: Federal Old Age Survivors Insurance, unemployment compensation, workmen's 

compensation, and State temporary disability payments. Include employer payments only. 

b. Voluntary Labor E.pendltures During 1978 - Report the cost of all programs not specifically required by 

federal or Stale legislation. For prOgrams financed jointly by employer and employee contributions, include 

only the employer payments. Include employer payments for: insurance premiums on hospital and medical 

pions. life Insurance premiums; and premiums on supplementary accident and sickness insurance. In reporting 

payments for Insurance, report net payments, i.e., gross payments less any offsetting dividends, refunds, or 

other reductions In premIums. . 

Also Include payments or allocatIons for all pension plans regardless of method of administration, supplemental unemployment compensation plans, welfare plans, stock purchase plans in which the employer payment 

IS not subject to V'lIthholding tax, and deferred profit sharing planS. 

Page 1 

011 

NO -.Enter current EI number----+ 

I 

3. Legally requ ired labor 

expenditures - 1978 

b. Voluntary labo': 

expenditures during 1978 

c. TOTAL supplemental labor costs 

not included in payroll during 1978 

(Sum 01 lines 3 -and b) • 

78-A40A 

Number of 

months 
78-A40A REPORT FORMS 203 

~ Section 8 - GROSS RECEIPTS FOR SERVICES PERFORMED Gross receipts for 

Report value 0/ receipts lOr e/l services perlOrm9d during 1978 In "a" through "c" below. Report value services performed of receipts from the sale 0/ any marerlals or products us9d In connection with the services performed In during 1978 section 11. Report all other sales In section 12. Dollars I Cents 

a. SOIL PREPARATION SERVICES - If none. skip to b. Number of acres I 

I 110 111 I 

Report value of receipts for chemicals, 07110 Plowing or land breaking ......••.........•......• $ I 

fertilizer, or time applied In section 11. 112 113 I 

07111 Harrowing or seed bed preparation ....•.••........... I 

I 

114 115 

07112 Fertilizer and lime spreading before planting ........•.•. I 

I 

116 117 I 07113 Weed control before planting .••.................... I 

110 119 I 

07119 Other - Specify I 

I 

b. CROP SERVICES - 1/ none, skip 10 c. I 

I 

(1) Planting, Cultivating, and Protection 200 201 I 

07210 Planting with 01 without fertilizer .........•.......•. I 

$ I Report value of r.ecelpts for chtm/c81s, 202 203 fertilIzer, Of lime applied In section 11. 07211 Fertilizer spreading (only) atter planting •..•........•.. I 

I 

204 205 I 

07212 Aerial dusting and spraying for disease and insect I 

control with or without fertilizer (includes seeding) .......• I 

I 

206 207 

07213 On-ground dusting and spraYin~ for disease and I 

I 

insect conliol with or without ertrlizer .•..•••••••.••.. I 

I 

200 20, I 

07214 Weed control after planting •.••...••........••.••.. I 

I 

210 211 I 07215 Citrus grove cultivation or maintenance ...•.•••........ I 

212 213 I 07216 Cultivation, mechanical and flame. other than citrus grove ... I 

214 215 I 

07217 Pruning of orchards or vineyards ••...•...••.....•..• I 

I 

216 217 I 

07218 irrigation services, custom .........•.•.. ' ..•....... I 

I 

"0 219 I 07219 Other - Specify I 

(2) Harvestine. Primarily by Machine 220 221 I 

07220 Corn for all PUfliOseS ...•.•••.•.••..•••••••..••.. $ I 

222 223 I 

07221 Wheat or other small grains (combining) I ............... I 

224 225 I 07222 Cotton ••.••....•....••••••••............... I 

226 227 I 07223 Fruits'or berries ....•.•...•...•••.•.•...•...... I 

220 22, I 

07224 Vegetables ..•.•.....•.....••.••........•.... I 

I 

230 231 I 

07225 Soyb.eans. other beans, peas, or peanuts •..•.......•... I 

I 

232 233 I 07226 Hay (mowing. raking, baling. or chopping) ... " .......•. I 

07229 234 235 I Other - Specify I 

.(3) Preparation for Malte! 236 I 

07230 COIn shelling or drying. ........................................ $ I 

I 

237 I 

07231 Crop drying other titan corn .•••.....•....••••....••••......•••.. I 

I 

230 

07232 Grain grinding and mixing •••........•••.••.•••...........•...•• I 

I 

239 I 07233 Bean or grain cleaning ..••.••.•.•........••••..•.......•.•••.• I 

240 I 

07234 Cotton seed delinting •.••.•... ' .•....•..••..•...•..•..••• '•..••. I 

241 I 

07235 Packaging tresh or farm-dried fruits or vegetables ••.••••.•..•.•.•.•...• I 

I 

242 

07236 Sorting, grading, or packing of fruits or berries ••.•.•....•..•...•....•• I 

I 

243 I 07237 Sorting, grading, or packing ot vegetables •• ~ •••••••.•...••.••••••..• I 

244 I 

, 07239 Olher - Specify I 

I 

(4) Colton Glnnlne Number of bales 246 

I 

R."o" valu. 0/ ,ecelpt>! tor bagging Btld tl •• Colton ginning .•.•.•••..•..••••• , .............. 245 I 

In section 11 •. Rswrt sals. at coltonseed· 07240 $ I 

Btld bale. ot oolton In ,,"ctlon f2. I 

247 240 I 07241 «otion· pickery .•.•.....•••••••..••••...••..••• I 

I 

Dther- Sp;"lfy 

24. 250 

07249 I 

I 

c. OTHER AGRICULTURAL SERVICES EXCLUDlkGSOIL·PREPAR'AT11I.1tAND CROP SERVICES 0.< I 

(Voterlnary. Farm M .... _ .... I. LandaeaPtJ IItld Hortlcu!'/uj'al) ... Specify • ••••••••••••••••• S I 

d. TOTAL .gross receipts for all servIces performed (Sum 01 all doll. entttes tn_tiOll&) .,. .., I 

II $ I 

I FORM 78 ...... 40A te_2e.78) Pa e 2 
204 

PrinCipal 

county 

Other 

counties 

REPORT FORMS 

County name., '. 

(lI) 

~ SecUOIII0 - LABOR AND PAYROLL FOR SERVICES PERFORMED DURING 1978 

78-A40A 

.51 .52 

.53 .5. 

.55 ••• 

If YOll reported any activities in section 8, complete this section. r ...... 'N-um-be ..... r-of-'-un-""-'-d-w-or:-ke-cs ...... "· -... ...... -Nu-m-.... -r-o-f pa~id;..e-m-PI-nu-.e'8-s- .. -...----............ ;..;.....;.....-...t 

Report yourself as unpaid If you are the sole proprietor or a ... """' PaYl.()1I b'8fOle 

partner of Utis establishment. If it is a corporation and you are (including unpaid family members) (lncludihg,paid famUy members) deductions 

on Ute payroll, report yourself as a paid employee. ,,' working - . ., worJling-

• 57 

lSO diIy. Or mOre !,e.1I titan 150 days 

.5 • 859 

150 days or more Less than 150 days 

•• 0 

I 

Doll ... I Celits 

.. , I 

I. SoiJ preparation services ......................... - •• ,,' ••••• ; 1-:-::::----+:7::----+=------1-==-----j.C$:-:.,------+'---l 

862 863 864 865 866 I 

, 

, b. Crop'services .•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• $ 

~------~----~~----~------~~------~----l 

c. SEASONAL VARIATION - FOI all of the workers included 

above (paid and unpaid), report the number working during •• 7 

March June 

••• 

Number of wolkers 

September December 

•• 9 .90 

the pay period which .inc ludes the 12th day of each , month shown. (1) Paid ..... '-oo.-------fo.;------\-..;------+ ... -----\ 189t 892 893 894 

(2) Unpaid ... 

Dollars 'Cants 

.95 , 

~ Section 11 - GROSS RECEIPTS FR(w PRODUCTS PRoVIOED IN CONNECTION WITH SERviCES PERFORMED DURING m8 

RepQr1 product •• f •• fn sectfon 12. ') 

, $ , .9S , S , .97 , b.lnsecticides, pesticides, or he'rbicides applied •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ~::;-------+---l 

, $ , 901 , c. Bagging and ties for cotton ginned •••••• ' •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ~ _______ -!-_ ..... 

d. TOTAL lIass receipts (Sum 01 dollars entered in "a" IIIroueh .. c")-.----------------------i ..... $ 

~ Section 12 - OTHER OPERATIONS PERFORMED DURING 1978 

List all operations, other than those reported in section 8 performed during 1978 by the individual or establishment identified in the address box. Include any 

business activities

r 

farming, nonagricultural operations, sales of merchandise, etc., NOT in connection with services performed in section B. Report the 

number of paid emp oyees and the gross receipts from such other operations. 

, 

I 

, 

Number of paid 

List other operations employees working - Gross receipts 

for 1978 

150 days !,ess than or mOre 150 dav. 

NOTE: If no other operations 902 903 90' 

were performed, mark (X) this $ 

box and go to section / 90S 90S 907 

$ 

D 90. 909 910 

$ 

If this establishment is a corporation or more than $50,000 was reported in section 5, answer sections 13, 14, and IS. If not, SKIP to seclion 16. 

~ Section 13 - CAPITAL EXPENDITURES FOR THIS ESTABLISHMENT DURING 1978 Type of capital expendltures: (EXCLUDING LAND AND MINERAL RIGHTS) 

• Inc Iud. the cost 01 all Improvements and new construction at this .stabllshment which were In progr.ss but 

had not been compl.ted at the end 011978. (For e.ample, cost lor animal hospital., packing sheds, cotton gins, warehOUse., .tc., and Improvements to establishment sit ••• uch a. I.nce., storage lacilitlea, .tc.) Inc Iud ••• panditur •• made by your company (or any 01 its subsidlarl.s) lor structures Which, upon comple- tion, were or are to be sold and leased beck to this establishment. 

• 'nclude expenditures tor new machfnery and equipment such as forklifts, conveyors, tractors, mechanical planters, harvester., spray ... , dusters (Including alrplan. dust.rs), Irult packing equipment, automobll.s, 

etc., primarily used In performing services, 

• Inc Iud. transler. 01 used plant and equipment to your establishment Irom other establishments 01 your company. 

• Exclude the coat .1 land and mln.ral rights. Ex.lud. the cost of mainlenance and repairs charged as curr.nt 

~gl:~~.:~nr.~I~:I~::I:r~~~~,:';ti;u,;:~~~·t~l~ ~~'tai~I~;:~~tS,~: ~~rl~~r~~ ~; ~~~~~!:~;. FORM 76 AAOA (8 ;o!I!I 78) Page 3 

b. New machinery and new equipment 

c. Used plant and use~ equipment acquired 

from others (including transfers from 

other establishments of your company) 

d. TOTAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURES 

DURING 1978 

(Sum of lines a, b, and e) 

911 

$ 

912 

$ 

913 

$ 

91. 

.. 

Dolla .. , Cents 

Dollars I Cents 

i 
78-A40A RPORT FORMS 205 

~ Section 14:-- CHANGES IN GROSS VALUE OF DEPRECIABLE ASSETS OF THIS Dollars I Cents 

915 I ESTABLISHMENT DURING 1978 a. Gross value of depreciable assets I 

at BEGINNING of 1978 $ I 

• Report the changes In gross value of depreciable assets at this IItabllshmllll for which depreciation b. Total capital expenditures during 1978 91 • I 

or amonlutlon accOllnts are ordinarily maintained. "Gross value" repres.nts the acquisition COS! I 

(original cost or other basis) to your company of such depreciable assets. Includ. all depreciable (Copy figure from section 13, item d) $ , assets (buildings. structures, maChinerYI equipment, etc.). and all amortizable fixed assets. Include 

C. Gross value of depreciable assets sold. 917 , all Improvements and new construction' In progress" during 1978 but not yet completed at the end of I 1978. Also Include the value of depreciable assets owned by this establisivnent but leased or rented retired, transferred, scrapped. or destroyed I 

to other companies. Include the value of depreciable assets owned by your company or any of Its during 1978 s I 

subsidiaries but "leased" to this establishment. I 

d. Gross vaiue of depreciable assets at END 918 i 

• Elclude the value of depreciable assets at other locations of your company (or any of its subsidiaries) of 1978 (Should equal lines a + b - C. I 

lor which this establishment maintains records. I 

If not. please explain in "Remarks."l_ S I 

~ Section 15 - EXPENDIT'URES FOR ELECTRICITY, GASOLINE, PETROLEUM, AND OTllER FUELS 

PURCHASED DURING 1978 Estimated expenditures 

for 1978 

Dollars I Cents 

919 i 

a. Gasoline •••••••••••••••••••••••••.•.•••••••••.•.•.••••••••••••.••••.•••.•••••.•••••••• -••.•.•............• S I 

920 I 

b. Diesel fuel •.••••••.••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••.••...•..•.••••••••.....•. -••.•.........•.•..•.•.•••.•••. S I 

921 I 

c.. LP gas, butane, propane ........................................................................................ $ I 

922 , 

d. Motor oil, grease. piped gas, kerosene. and fuel oil •.••••.•••••.....•••.•...•••.•.•••..•••..•..•...........•.•.....•..... $ I 

I Kilowatt hours Dollars I Cents 

e. Electricity purchased .................................................................... 1

923 924 I 

$ I 

~ Section 16 - CHECKS to assure a complete and accurate report 

(1) Review the report carefully to see that no items are omitted for the year being covered. 

The Bureau of the Census reviews your report for omissions, inconsistencies, r> (2) Calculate and enter figures for the consistency checks below. and review the results. and unusual ratios. To reduce lhe possibility of correspondence about some (3) Correct your report for any errors you find and explain unusal ligures in "Remarks." 

problem, please make the following checks before returning your report. For most establishments, the figures computed usually fall within the ranges indicated. 

Cons! stencych ecks calculation required for each check Figures for 1978 Usual range 

Dolfar$p~r .• qri> -Section Sa - Gross receiptS for Soil Preparation + Number 01 acres S $2--$10 

Dollar.s per acre Section .8b(l) - Gross receipts for Planting. Cultivating. and Protection + Number of acres $ $2-$8 

Dollars per acre Section 81>(2).- Gross receipts for Harvesting. Primarily by Machine + Number of acres S 52--$61 

Dollars per bale SectiOn 8b(4) - Gross receipts lor Cotton Ginning + Number of bales S $25--$45 

. 

Section 5 If section 5 'is completed. haW sections 8 and II been completed? •••••••••••••••••• 0 Ves o No - Please cooplete 

Total for secUon 5· Doesth.e sumot tlte totlils In sections 8. 11. and 12 equal the ·total lor section 5? •••••••• 0 Ves o No - Please refigure 

Payroll Does tbeentry lor section 6a equal the sum of section lOa and b? •••••••••••••••••• Oves o No - Please explain In "Remarks" section 

Total/or section 8 . .Dosil·doHar entries .In sectlon 8 add·to total entered in seetlon 8d? •••••••••••••• __ • Oves o No - PIe ... " refIgure 

~ Section 17 - SIGNAT URE (Please check your ans .... rs. then sIgn below.) Date Telephone 

Area code I Number 

Signature 

Remarks - Attach a separate sheet il needed. 

FORM 7e~A"OA IB_ze.78) Page 4 
206 

PENAL TV FOR FAILU RE TO REPORT 

DUE DATE: February 15 1979 

REPORT FORMS 

NOTICE - Response 10' this' InOOir; is"required by law (Iitle 13, u.5. Code).' By the same law VOUR REPORT 

TO THE CENSUS BUREAU IS C N 10ENTIAL. It may be .een only by Sworn C.nsilS employee. and'may ,be used : 

only for stallstocal purpOSes. Vour reporl CANNOT be used lor purposes of taxation Investigation or regulation The law also provides that copies retained in your files are Immune,from legal proc,ess. ' , • 

In corr<t.pondlncl pertaining 10 Ihl~ report, pi .... ,.fl' to theU-dI,lt Con.u. File Number. 

• 

(Please correct any error in name and address Including ZIP code) 

78-A40B 

Form Approved' 0 M B No 41 S78030 

FOR" 78-MOB U.~'. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

te-215·?SI 8l.,1REA.U OF TH.E CENSUS, 

~ 

, . . . 

1978 CENSUS OF ,VETERINARY 

AND ANIMAL SERVICES 

C," 

1~-'~~ /tutt, I Please answer the Questions on the form anO returni.t :by , 

February 15, 1979, 

• This report should cov~r the cal,eridllryear I97B, If bookJlgures 

are not available, ca(efully prepared. estimates are~cceptable.,~ 

• If you correspond with us regarding your report,please use the CensuS 

File Number sho~n in the address box. • , , ,,:, 

I CENTS ARE NOl[ REQUIRED, however, please use the space provided 

if you wish to enler them. 

CENSUS fa 

1

011 

1

012 

r

13 

r

14 

1

0

•

5 

IfOMPlETE AND 9 BUREAU OF THtiCENSUS USE 1201 East Tenth Str •• t ONLY RETURN TO ! ,Jef.f.rsonvj lie, Indiana 47i32 

~ Section I - BUSINESS OR ACTIVITY 

Mark (X) the ONE box whfch best describes YOOI principal activity and Jist your principal ptoducts or services I 

• 0 Veterinary services by licensed practitioners • 0 Crop .ervlces (planting; cultivating; dls.ase, 60 Lahdscape and hortlc.ultutal services 

20 Animal serVices, except veterinary (artificial insect, Or weed control; harvesting; cotton ginning (planning, planting, or caring of lawns, 

Insemination; boarding, showing, training, or preparation of crops for market; etc .. ) ga~den$, shrubs, trees, e.te.) 

groomJng of animals; etc.) sO Farm labor and management services (labor 7 [] Otrer - Speolfy .ctIVi~ 

30 Soil preparation services (plowing, fertilizing, contractors, crew leaders, managers, citrU$ or weed control prior to planting, etc.) caretakers, etc.) 

Description of major activity or principal products or services i 

~ Section 2 - EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER 0'. 

Is tile Employer Identification (EI) Number printed in tile upper right of 'oYES 

the address box the SAME as tIIat used by this establishment on your 0'7 

latest 1978 Employer's Quarterly Federal TaK Return TreaSilry Form 941? 20 I I I I I NO - Enter currerit EI number --+ I I 1-) ~ Section 3 - TYPE OF ORGANIZATION o.a Mark (X) the box which best describes the way the business was opsrtded during 1978 

1 0 Indivi~ual 20 Partnership 30 Corporation 4 C Other - Doocr/be 

~ SectiOll 4 - PERIOD OPERATED DURING 1978 Number of 

a. Was tIIis establishment in business at the end of 19787 0" months' 

,oYES 

b. How many monthsdurlnl1978 did 021 

• If establishment was Inactive during December 1978 due to seasonal or part .. time 

operations, Bnswer "Yes" unless It WBS not ownsd at the end 01 the year. 20NO you Olill tills establishment? 

~ Section 5 - DOLLAR VOLUME OF BUSINESS Dollars I Cents 

031 I • INCLUDE only receipts from customers, excise taxes and sales taxes. total charges for services or for I 

the use of facilities, and merchandise SOld, whether or not payment was received in 1978. I 

• DO NOT INCLUDE commissions from vending machine operations, real estate rental, interest, sale of Receipts from services and sale . I 

I teal estate, and other 'non~perating income: of merchandise in 1978 $ I 

~ Section 6 - PAYROLL Dollars , Cents 

a. Total ANNUAL payron in m,ll 04. I Line. I and b - Report the gross earnings paid in calendar year to employees prior to such dedUctions as before deductions I 

employee's Social Security contributions, withholding taxes, group insurance premiums, union dues, and $ I 

savlnis bonds. Include in gross earnings all wages, salaries, commiSSions. dismissal pay, paid bonuses, b. Payroll for the 042 I 

vacation and sick·leave pay. and the cash equivalent of compensation paid·in·kind. If a corporation, Indude I 

salaries of officers; if an unincorporated concern, , .. clude payments to proprietors or partners. FIRST QUARTER of 1978 $ I 

I 

~ Section 7 - SUPPLEMENTAL LABOR COSTS NOT INCLUDED IN PAYROLL DURING 1978 oon.rs I Cents 

a. U,II" Roqulred Labor Expendltur •• Durin, 1978 - Report payments for all programs required under Federal i. Legal~ requireJ .labor 

051 I 

and Stale leglslatton such as: Federat Old Age Survivors Insurance, unemployment compensation, workmen's I 

compensation, and State temporary disability payments. Include employ,r payments only. expen itures during 1978 I 

$ I 

b. Volul1Urr l<tbor Expenditure' Durin, 1978 - Report the cost of all programs not specifically required by : 052 I Federal or State legislation. For programs financed jointly by employer and employee contributions, Include I onl), the .mploy., pay,..nts. Include employer payments for: insurance premiums on hospital and med.ical b. Vo luntary I,abor I 

plans; life insurance premiums; and premiums on supplementary accident and sickness !nsurance. In r~portjng 

expenditur~s during 1978 I 

payments for Insurance, report net payments, i.e., gross payments less any offsetting dividends. refunds, or S I 

other reductions in premiums. . i )>3 I 

AI.a Include payments 01' allocations for a" penSion plans 'Beardless of method of administration, suppie. C. TOTAL su~plemental labor ccs!s menial unemployment compensation PI~i1', welfare planJ, .tQckpurchase pls'ns'in which Ihe employer payment not included in payroll dUlingo 1978 I Is not subjecT to withholding tax, and deferred profit sharing plan8; (Sum of lines a and b) , • ~ . 

I 
78-A40B REPORT FORMS 207 

~ Secllon 8 - GROSS RECEIPTS FOR SERVICES PERFORMED Gross receipts for 

servi ces performed Report value of receipts for all seN/ces performed during 1978 In "a" through "c" below. Report value during 1978 of receipts trom the sale of any materials or products used In connection with the services performed 

DolJars Cents In seot/on 11. Report all other sales In section 12. I 

a. VETERINARY SERVICES - If none, skip to b. I 

I 410 I (1) Veterinary Services lor Cattle, Hogs, 07410 Professional services .•••.•..••........•.•.•....•••....•.. $ I 

Sheep, Goats, and Poultry 411 I 07411 Hospital care .......................................... I Report value of receipts for drugs 8f1d 412 I medicines prescribed and semen In 07412 Artificial insemination .................................... I 

section 11. 419 I 07419 Other - Specify I 

420 , (2) Veterinary Services lor Dogs, Cats, 07420 Professional services •................•..•.••............. S I Horses, Bees, Fish, Rabbits, OIher 421 , 

Fur-Bearing Animafs, Birds (Except 07421 Hospital care .......................................... Poultry) and Other Pets 

07422 Artificial insemination 422 

Report value of receipts for drugs Bnd .................................... mediCines prescribed 8J1d semen In 

Other - Specify 429 

sectIon 11. 07429 I 

b, ANIMAL SERVICES, EXCEPT VETERINARY - II none, skip to c , 

I 

510 , (1) Animal Services lor Catlle, Hogs, 07510 Artificial insemination and breeding, except by veterinarians ........... $ I 

Sheep, Goats, and Poultry 511 

Report value of receipts for semen 07511 Dairy herd improvement associations ....••..•••....•....•..•... , 

In section 11. 07512 Pedigree record services ..•.....•..••..•...•.....•••..•...• 512 , 

07513 Slaughtering for individuals 513 

, ................................ 514 

07514 Sheep dipping and shearing ................................. 

07515 liv~stock vaccinating, except by veterinarians 515 

.................... 516 

07516 Poultry services - poultry catching or cleaning coops ....... ,., ..... 

07519 Other - Speclly 519 

(2) Animal Services lor Dogs, Cats, Horses, 520 

07520 Artificial insemination and breeding, except by veterinarians . . . . . . . . . . . $ Bees, Fish, Rabbits, Other Fur-Bearing 521 

Animals, Birds (Except Poultry), and 07521 Boarding, showing, or training of horses, including race horses ..•......• Other Pets 522 

Report value of I8Csipts for s9rrsn 07522 Boarding, showing, training, or grooming of dogs and cats ......•....... 

523 in section 11 07523 Pedigree record services •...•....•.........•...•.....•..... 529 

05729 Other - Specify S 

c. OTHER AGRICULTURAL SERVICES EXCLUDING VETERINARY AND ANIMAL B32 , 

I SERVICES (Soli Preparation, Crop, Ferm Managsment, Lancfscepa and Horticultural) - Specify $ I 

849 I 

d. TOTAL gross receipts for all services performed (Sum 01 all dollar entries in section 8) • , $ I 

~ Section 9 - LOCATION OF SERVICES PERFORMED DURING 1978 

List below all counties in which you or your establishment performed the activities reported in section 8 above. The principal county is the one from which 

the major part of the receipts from those activities was received. Receipts may be reported in either ihe dollar column (column c) or in column d as a percent 

of the lotal. Continue in "Remarks" section if necessary. 

Gross receipts for services 

County name State (Report dollars OR percent) 

Dollars ! Cents Percent 

(a) (b) I (e) I (d) 

Principal B5, BS2 

county 5 I 

other { I't BS'-

counties - B55 856 

S ; 

~ Section 10 - LABOR AND PAYROLL FOR SERVICES PERFORMED DURING 1978 Number of unpaid workers Number of paid emp loyees Payroll before If you reported any activities in section 8, complete this section. including unpaid family members) (including paid fami Iy members) Report yourself as unpaid if you are the sole proprietor or a working - working - deductions 

partner of this establishment. If it is a corporalion and you ISO days Less than 150 days Less than are on I the payroll, report yourself as a paid employee. or more 150 days or more 150 days Dollars I Cents 

867 B68 869 870 871 

a. Veterinary services ...•••..•••.••••••••••.•••••••.•..•..•••••...• s , 872 873 874 875 87. , b. Animal services, except veterinary •..•...•.•••.....•••••••••.•.••...•• 5 I 

Number of workers 

March June September December c. SEASONAL VARIATION - For all of the workers included 887 888 889 890 above (paid and unpaid), report the number working during (1) Paid •••.• the pay period which includes the 12th day of each 891 B92 893 894 

month Shown. (2) Unpaid ••.. 

~ Section 11 - GROSS RECEIPTS FROM PRODUCTS PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH SERVICES PERFORMED DURING 1978 

Report product s81es In section 12 

Dollars I Cents 

89. 

a. Drugs and medicines prescribed .....•••••.•.... , ••..••••...•..••.••••.•••..•••••..•••...•..•..•..••..•..•. ~ I 

b. Semen .••.......•...••••....•••..•••...•••••...•....••••..•.••.......•.•...••.•....••••••..••..•.. 899 , S I 

Co TOTAL gross receipts (Sum 01 dollars entered in "a" and "b") 901 I ., Is I 

FO R M 78-A40 e (~ 20 76) P age 2 
208 REPORT FORMS 78-A40B 

~ Section 12 - OTHER OPERATIONS PERFORMED DURING 1978 

List all operations, other than those reported in section 8 performed during 1978 by the individual or establishment identified in the address box. 

Include any business activities, farming, nonagricultural operations, sales of merchandise, etc., NOT in connection with services performed in 

sechon 8. Report the number of paid employees and the gross receipts from such other operations. 

Number of paid Gross receipts 

employees working - for 1978 List other operations 150 days Less than NOTE: : C.nts If no other operations Dollars were performed, mark (X) this or more 150 days 

box and go Dction> 902 903 90' I 

I 

$ I 

90S 900 907 I 

I 

I 

90. 909 910 I 

I 

It this establishment is a corjloration or more than $50 000 was reported in section 5 answer sections 13, 14, and 15. It not SKIP to section 16. 

~ Section 13 - CAPITAL EXPENDITURES FOR THIS ESTABLISHMENT DURING 1978 Dollars I C.nts 

(EXCLUDING LAND AND MINERAL RIGHTS) 911 

Type of capital expenditures: I 

I • Report all capital expenditures actually mad. during 1978 for this .stablishment, Including major I 

alterations, capitalized repairs, and Improvements. "Capital expenditures" refer to all costs that a. New structures and additions to I 

are chargeable i to property accounts for which dlpreclatlon or amortlzltlon Iccounts are ordinarily maintained. your service establishments $ I 

912 

• Includ. the cost of all improvements and new construction at thl s establi shment which were in : 

I progr •• s but had not been completed at the end of 1978. (For .xampl., cost for animal hospitals, , packing sheds, cotton gins. warehQUses, etc., and improvements to establishment sites such as I 

fenc.s, storage facilities, etc.) Includo exp.ndltures mad. by your company (or any of its sub- b. New machinery and new equipment sidlarles) for structures which, upon completion, were or are to be sold and leased. back to this $ 

.stabllshm.nt. '13 I 

• Include expenditures for new machinery and equipment.such as forklifts, conveyors, tractors, c. Used plant and used equipment acquired , 

I mechanical planters, harvesters, sprayers, dusters (including airplane dusters), fruit packing from others (including transfers from I 

equipment, automobiles, etc., primarily used in performing services. other establishments of your company) : $ • Include transfers or used plant and equipment to your establishment from other establishments .14 of your company. 

• Excludo the cost of land and mineral rights. Exclud. the cost of malntenanc. and repairs charged d. TOTAl CAPITAL EXPENDITURES as current operating expense. Elclude capital expenditures made by outside oYmers of property 

rent.d or DURING 1978 I.ased to this .stabllshment. Exclud. capital .xpenditur.s mad. by this establishment for other locations of your company. (Sum 01 lines a, b, and c) ,. $ 

.Section 14 - CHANGES IN GROSS VALUE OF DEPRECIABLE ASSETS OF THIS Dollars , Cents 

ESTABLISHMENT DURING 1978 a. Gross value of depreciable assets "s I at BEGINNING of 1978 $ 

• Report 111. changes In gross value of d.pr.ciable assets of this IItabllsh .. nt for which depreciation ". I or amartlzaUon accaunts are ordinarily maintained. j'Gro!s value" represents the acquisition cost 

b. Total capital expenditures during 1978 I (original cost or other basis) to your company of such depreciable assets. Includo all d.pr.ciable assets (buildings, structur.s. machinery, .quipment, .tc.), and all amortizable fix.d ass.ts. Includ. (Copy figure from section 13, item d) $ all improvements and new construction Hin progress" during 1978 but not yet completed at the end of .17 1978. Also Includo the value of depreciable assets owned by this establishment but leased or r.nt.d c. Gross value of depreciable assets sold, to other companies. InClude the value of depreciable assets owned by your company or any of its retired, transferred, scrapped, or destroyed 

: subsidiaries but "Ieasedn to this establishment. during 1978 $ 

• EKCludi the value of depreciable assets at other locations of your company (or any or its subsidlar:ies) d. Gross value of depreciable assets at EN D .,. I 

fa, which this establishment maintains records. of 1978 (Should equal lines a+b-c. I 

If not, please explain in "Remarks.")_ $ 

~ Section 15- EXPENDITURES FOR ELECTRICITY, GASOLINE, PETROLEUM, AND OTHER FUELS 

PURCHASED DURING 1978 Estimated expenditures 

for 1978 

Dollars C.nts 91. 

a. Gasoline ................................................................................................. $ 

920 

b. Diesel fuel ............................................................................................... $ ~ .21 

c. LP gas, butane, propane •.•..•.•...• .' ••.•.•.••.••••••.••••.••••••••••••••••••• , .••.•..•••.•••••.•••••••••••••••• $ I 

'22 

d. Motor oil, grease, piped gas, kerosene, and fuel oil s , ..................................................................... I 

I Kilowatt hours Dollars Cents 

1

923 92' I 

e. Electricily purchased ••••..••...•.••••.•••••.•••.•...•••••••••...••••••••........•.•••• s i 

~ Section 16 - CHECKS TO ASSURE A COMPLETE AND ACCURATE REPORT 

The Bureau of the Census reviews your report for omissions, inconsistencies, Q (I) Review the report carefully to see that no items are omitted for the year being covered. and unusual ratios. To reduce the possibility of correspondence about some (2) Correct your report for any errors you find and explain unusual figures in "Remarks." problem, please make the following checks before returning your report: 

Consistency checks Calculation required for each check completed Answer 

Section 5 If section 5 i. completed, have section. 6 and 11 been completed? DVes o No - P, •••• <;ompl.te 

Total for section 5 Does the Sum of the totals in .ectlons 8, 11, and 12 equal the total for section 51 DVes o No - Ple •• e rerlgure 

Payroll Doe. the entry for •• ction 6a .qual the sum of section lOa and b1 DV.s D No - Please explain In "Remetks" sect/on 

Total fa, section 8 Do all dollar entrl •• In section 8 add to total .ntered in section 8d? DV.s o No - Pie ... rerlgure 

~. Section 17 - SIGNATURE (Pleae cheel< your _., .... , 'hen "f7I belo.,1 Date e apnone 

Area code Number 

Signature 

Page 3 
78-A40C 

PENAL TY FOR FAILU RE TO REPORT 

DU E DATE' Feb",ary 15 1979 

REPORT FORMS 

,OT(e'fl -R'~ to.lhls Igwi~ is r~Ulred.bY IlW '(tItle la, u.$. Ccide); By thll'urne law VqUR REPORT TOf~E CEN'SUS BUREAU IS' C If ')DEIfT AL. It lJIIIlt ... en only by sworn Ce.n'us !'!llpiO,." and m;ly be o-.d 

onljrtor atllllatical pur~s. Your repOrt CANNOT be liSed for purpoSes Of taxation. Investle"'on., (It regulation. .Thelaw alao provl4ea wt capies' r.lal~ in YOlI' fIIe~ 31elmmune frbmlellal pr~ess. , 

·In'.~'' .... nce~.t.tIl!In .. 1o l1li1 rtWt, ,,, ••• ,.,., III. lhl'J!t C ...... Fila ...... 

{ 

(Please corr9G1 any error In namlJ and ar:ldreliS Inoludlng ZIP cods) 

Form APproved: O.M.B. No. 41'S78030 

.. OR", 78-A4OC u.s. OEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

(1!I~2.e~1a) BUR1!:AU OF THE CENSUS 

~ 1978 CENSUS OF LANDSCA.PE 

A.ND· HORTICUlTURAL SERVICES 

'1~-1'teau /eeaa. • Please answer the questions on the form anO return it by 

february 15. 1979. 

• This report shOlJld cover the calendar year 1978. If book figures are not available, carefully prepared estimates are acceptable. 

• If you correspond with us regarding your report, please use the Census 

file Number shown in the address box. 

• CEIITS ARE NOT REQUIRED, however, please use the space provided 

if you wish to enter them. 

CeNSUS r

a 

1°11 \012 1°13 r" 10'S ICOMPLETE AND> 

BUREAU OF THE CEHSUS 

use RETURN TO 1201 East Tenth Street 

OHLY Jeffersonvi lie, Indiana 47132 

~ . Section l - BUSINESS OR ACTIVITY 

Mark (X) .the ONE box which best describes your pri~/pal activity and list your principal ptoducts 01 ssfY/ces 

• '0 Landscspe and horticultural services (Plannln~ planting, • 0 Veterinary services by licensed practitloners 7 0 Other - Specify actlVlty.-

or caring of lawns, gardens, shrubs, trees, etc. sO Animal services, except veterinary (artificial 

20 So.il prepa",tlon services (plOWing, fertilizing, or weed insemination; boarding. showJng, training. or " 

controlprlor to planting. etc.) grooming of animals; etc.) 

• 0 Crop services <f:lantlng; cultivating; disease. Insect, • 0 Farm labor and m8nsgement services (labor or .weed contro : harvestlng; cotton ginning; preparation contractors, crew teaders, managers, citrus 

of crops for market; etc.) caretakers, etc .. ) 

Description of major activity or principal products or services 

• Sedion 2 - EMPLOYER IDENTifiCATION NUMBER 0" 

Is the Employer Identification (EI) Nlimber printed in the upper rilbt 01 'DYES 

the address box lIIe SAME as lIIat used by this est.lishment on your 0'7 

latest 1978 Employer's Quarterly Federal Tax Return TreasuryForrn 941? I- I I I I I 20 NO - Enter current EI number ---+ 1 ! ~ Sedion 3 - TYPE OF ORGAHIZATION 

o is Mark (X) the box which best describes the way the business was operat&d during 1918 

, o Individual 20 Parlnership 3 0 Corporation • C' Other Describe 

~ SJ,ction 4 - PERIOD OPERATED DURING 1978 NUmber of 

a. Was lIIis establisltmei11 in business allhe end 01 1978? a •• months 

'OYES 021 

• 11 establis.hment was inactive during December 1918 due to seasonal or part-time 

20NO 

b. How many months during 1978 did 

operations, answer UYesH unlfJSS It was not owned at the end at the year. you OMI Ihis establishment? 

~ Section 5 - OOlLAR VOLUME Of BUSINESS Dollars I Cents 

.'INCLUDE only receipts from customers, excise taxes and sates taxes, total charges for services or for 031 I 

I the use of"facilities, and merchandise sold. whether or not payment was received in 1978. I 

• DO NOT INCLUDE commissions from veodlng machine operations, real estate rental, interest, sate of Receipts from services and sale I 

I real estate, and other non~perating income. of merchandise in 1978 S I 

• Section G - PAYROLL Dollars , Cents 

L1nll a and b - Report the gross earnings paid in calendar year to employees prior to such deductions as a. Total ANNUAL payroll in 1978 041 I 

I e":,ployee's SOcial Sec\lrity contributions, withholding taxes. group insurance premiums, union dues, and before deductions s I 

savings bonds. Include In gross earnings all wa~es, salaries, commiSSions, dismissal pay, paid bonuses, b. Payroll for the 042 I 

vacat)an and s,ick-Ie~ve pay,. and the cash equivalent of. compensation paid"in .. kind. If a corporation, Include I 

salafles of officers; If an unmcorporated concern, Ilclude payments to proprietors or partners. FIRST QUARTER of 1978 $ I 

I 

, Section 7 - SUPPLEMENTAL LABOR COSTS NOT INCLUDED IN PAYROLL OURING 1978 Dollars ! Cents 

•• Lelally R.quilld Labor Expenditure. DUllnal971 - Report payments for all programs required under Federal 051 

a. Legal ~ requ ired labor I and State legislation such as: Federal Old Age Survivors Insurance, unemployment compensation, workmen's I compensation. and State temporary disability payments. Inclu"," ... pIOJ'" p.y_' only. expen itures during 1978 s I 

I b. Voluntary Labor Elpondlt .... Durln,1971 - Report the cost of all programs nol specifically required by 052 Federal or State legislation. For programs financed jOintly by employer and employee contributions. Inclu"," I 

only the emplDJtr paymentl. Include employer payments for: Insurance premiums on hospital and medical I 

b. Voluntary labor I plans; life Insurance premiums; and premiums on supplementary accident and sickness insurance. In reporting I payments for insurance, report net payments, i.e., gross payments less any offsetting dividends, refunds, or expenditures during 1978 $ I 

other reductions in premiums. 

Also include payments or allocations for all pension plans regardless of method of administration, supple .. c. TOTAL supplemental labor costs )>3 I 

mental unemployment compensation plans, welfare plans, stock purchase plans in which the employer payment not included in payroll during 1978 Is not subject to withholding tal, and deferred profit sharing plans. I (Sum 01 lines a and b) • $ , 

Page 1 

209 
210 REPORT FORMS 

-;;;:=:;;:;;;;;;;;~i;;::;:;;;::-~~r&~~~~~~~"f:~:if~~.~. .." 830 

. :;S~tJlI ,~~,$8lYiees., inchJiing jllantln~, ' 

Sedion9'- LOCATION OF SERVICES PERFORMED DURING 1978 

>f~l.ti2jilg, ~Ii!aying, \rimming, and surgery, ,ex~epl for.flUblicutililY.Unes ••• ' ••••••• " •• 

List below all counties in which you .or your establishment performed the activities reportell in section 8 above. The principal county is the one from which the major part 

of the receipts from those activihes was receivell. Receipts may be reported in either the dollar c.olumn (column c) or in column d as a percent cf the total. Continue 

in "Remarks': section if necessary. 

Principal 

county 

... , .... 

County name 

(s) 

SedionlO - LABOR AND PAYROLL FOR SERVICES PERFORMED DURING 1978 

Number of, unpaid workers 

(including unpaid family members) 

State 

B51 

853 

Gross receipts for services 

(Report dol/ar. OR pe",.nt) 

Dollars 

(c) 

Number of paid employees 

(including paid family members) Payroll before 

deductions i -

78-A40C 

If you reported any activities in section 8, complete this section. 

Report yourself as unpaid if you are the sole proprietor or a 

partner of this establishment. If it is a corporation and you are on the payroll, report yourself as a paid employee. 150 days Or more 

Less than 150 days 150 days or more Less than 150 days Dollars Cents 

BB2 BB3 B84 BBS 

a. Landscape and horticultural services •••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••• L. ____ .L. ____ --L ____ -'-____ ---1-'--_____ --'~_, 

b. SEASONAL VARIATION - For all of the workers included 

above (paid and unpaid), report the number working during 

the pay period which inCludes the 12th day of each 

month shown. 

March 

B88 

(1) Paid .................... b----+."""'"---+..,----t-;------i 

(2) Unpaid .................. . 

Section 11 - GROSS RECEIPTS FROM PRODUCTS PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH SERVICES PERFORMED DURING 1978 

Repelt product Sa18$ In section 12. 

a. Fertilizer or lime spread ••••.•.•••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••.••.••••••••••••••••••••.•...••••• 

b.lnsecticides, pestiCides, or herbicides applied ••••••••.•..•••••••••.••••••.••••••••.••••.•••••••.•.•••••.•••••••• 

c. Seells, ornamental shrubs, or trees plantell ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

d. TOTAL FORM 76_A<40C (tI_2",_78) Page 2 
78-A40C REPORT FORMS 211 

~ Section 12 - OTHER OPERATIONS PERFORMED DURING 1978 

List all operations, other than those reported in section 8 performed dUling 1978 by the. individual or establishment identified in the address box. 

Include any business activities, farming, nonagricultural operations, sales of merchandise, etc., NOT," connection With serVICes performed In 

sectiOfl 8. Report the number of paid employees and the gross receipts from such other operations. 

Number of pa id Gross receipts 

employees working - for 1978 

List of operations 150 days Less than Dollars I Cents or more 150 days 

NOTE: If no other operations 902 903 904 I 

were performed, mark (X) this I 

box and go to section / $ I 

90S 90' 907 I 

S I 

0 908 909 910 I 

I 

S I 

If this establishment is a corporation or more than $50,000 was reported in section 5, answer'sections 13, 14, and 15. I! not, SKIP to section 16. 

~ Section 13 - CAPITAL EXPENDITURES FOR THIS ESTABLISHMENT DURING 1978 Dollars Cents 

(EXCLUDING LAND AND MINERAL RIGHTS) 911 

Type of capital expendibrres: 

• Report all capital expenditures actually made during 1978 lor 11115 establishment, Including major allerations, 

capitalized repairs, and improvements. UCapital expenditures" refer to all costs that are chargeable to a. New structures and additions to property accounts for which depreclltlon or I .. orllzallon Iccolllts are onlinarlly maintained. your service establishments $ : 

.·Inelude the cost of ali improvements and new con.tru~tlon at lI1is establishment Which were in progress but 912 I 

had not been completed at the end of 1978. (For example, cost for animal hospitals, packing sheds, colton I 

gins, warehouses, etc., amHmprovements to establishment sites such as fences, 'storage facilities, etc.) 

Inc=lud. expenditures made by your company (or any Of Its subsidiaries) for structures which, upon completion, i were or are to be sold .. nd leased back to this establishment. b. New machinery and new equipment $ 

.lnclaH expenditures for new machinery and equipment such as forklifts, conveyors, tractors, mechanical 913 

planters, harvesters, sprayers, dusters (Including airplane dusters), fruit packing equfpment, automobiles. c. Used plant and used eqUipment acquired 1 etc., primarily used in performing services. from others (including transfers from 

• Include transfers of used plant and equipment to your establishment from other establishments of your company. other establishments of your company) s I 

914 

• Elcfude the cost of land an~ mineral rights. Exclude the 'Cost of maintenanc!! and repairs charged as current I 

operating e.pense. EJlCludl capital expenditures made by outside owners of property rented or leased to d. TOTAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURES I 

I 

this establishmont. Elc'ude capital expenditures made by this establishment for other locations of DURING 1978 I 

your company. !Sinn of lines a, b, and c) .. s I 

I 

~ Sl!ction 14 - CHANGES IN GROSS VALUE OF DEPRECIABLE ASSETS OF THIS Dollars ! Cents 

a. Gross value of depreciable assets 915 I 

ESTABLISHMENT DURING 1978 I 

at BEGINNING of 1978 $ I 

• Repor.t the changes in gross val,ue of depreciable assets 01 this establishment for which doprlclltl •• b. Total capital expenditures during 1978 91' I 

or amortlJ!:atlon account. are ordlnari Iy maintained. "Gross vafuet' represents the acquisition cost I 

(original cost <If other basis) to your company of such depreciable assets. Include all deprecleble (Copy figure from section 13, item d) s I 

assets (buildings, stroet,ures" machinery) equipment, etc.), and all amortizable fixed assets. laclud. C. Gross value of depreciable assets sold, 917 I all Improvements and new construction' in progress" during 1978 but not yet compieted at the end of I 1978. Also Include the value of depreciab'e assets owned by this establishment but leased'or rented retired, transferred, scrapped, or destroyed I 

to other companies ... nc .... the value of depreciabie assets ownad by your company or any of its during 1978 $ I 

subsidiaries but" leased" to tlll. establishment. 

d. Gross value of depreCiable assets at END 918 I 

I 

• Exc'ude the value of depreciable assets at oll1er locations of your company (or any of its subsidiaries) of 1978. (Should efJIallines a+b~. I 

for which this establishment maintains records. , If not, please explain in "Remarks.")_ S I 

~ Section 15 - EXPEIIDITURES FOR ELECTRICITY, GASOUNE, PETROLEUM, AND OTHER FUELS 

PURCHASED DURING 1978 Estimated expenditures 

for 1978 

Dollars J Cents 

a. Gasoline .. 0 •••••••••••• 0 0 0 •• '" ••••••••• : ••••• ' •••••••••••••• 0 •• 0 •••• 0 0 ••••••••••••••••••••• 0 ••••• 0 0 •••• 0 ••• 

919 I 

$ I 

920 

b. Diesel fuel •........ 0 0 •••• 0 •••••• 0 •• 0 • 0 • 0 • .. ,' ...... , ......................... , .. " ........................ $ I 

c. LP gas, butane, prppane 921 I 

..... " ........ " ............... ~ ......................................................... $ I 

d. Motor oil, grease, pil1ed gas, kerosene, and fuel oil. 0 • 0 0 •••• 0 •••••• 0 0 0 ••••••••••••••• 0 ••••••••••••••••••••••• 0 •••••••• 0 0 0 

922 I 

$ I 

I Kilowatt hours I Dollars t Cents 

e. ElectriCity purchased ............. , ................................................... 1

923 924 I 

$ I 

~ Section 16 - CHECKS ~o i$SUle a cQlllplete and accurate lepIlIt 

and unusual ratlos. To reduce t!le possibility af cOllesp.ondence about some (1) ReView the report carefully to see that no items are omitted for the year being covered. 

The Bureau of the Census reviews your report for omissions, inconSistencies, r> . problem, please make the follOWing checks before returning yaur repor!. (2) Correct your report for any errors you find and explain unusual figures in "Remarks." 

C,ons istency checlts Calculation required for each check Answer 

section 5 It section 5 iU'ampleted, have sectlon.S and 11 been completed? DYES D NO - Pleas. complete 

Total fO!' .. etlon 5 Does thesom of II1e totals In sections 8, 11, and 12 equai the total for section 5? DYES D 110 - Please refigure 

payroll Does the entry f<lf section Sa'vqual the total of section lOa? DYES o ~o - PI98S.e explain in "Remarks" section. 

Total for section 8 'Do all dollar entries, in' section 8 add to total entered in section 8c? DYES D NO - Pleas" refigure 

~ Section 17 - SIGNATURE (Pl •••• check yOIN .n ... .,., 'hen "gn bel_oJ Date Telephone Area code Number 

Signature 

FOAM 78.A.40C (8.2& 78) Page 3 
212 

PENAL TY FOR FAILU RE TO REPORT 

DU E DATE' February 15 1979 

REPORT FORMS 

NOTICE - Response to this in~uirf Is requlre<i by law (title 13, U.S. Code). By the same law YOUR REPORT 

TO THE CENSUS BUREAU IS C N IOEIfTIAL. 1\ may be seen only by sworn Census employees and may be used 

only for statistical purposes. Your report CANNOT be use<i for purposes of taxation, Investigation, or regulation. The law also provides that copies retamed In your files are Immune from legal process. 

I. c • .,.sp •• d .... pertaining to this report, pl •••• r.f.r to tho 11-<11,11 Co •• us FII. Numbor. 

(~'9ase correct any error In name and address including ZIP code) 

78-A40D 

orm A pprove d 0 M B No 41 578030 

FORM 78-MOO u.s. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

(8~26-78l BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

,J.~ 

(78~ CENSUS OF SOIL PREPARATION AND CROP 

SERVICES, VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SERVICES, 

FARM LABOR AND MANAGEMENT SERVICES, 

LANDSCAPE AND HORTICULTURAL SERVICES 

Agricultural Services 

'l~-iDUau head • Please answer the questions on the form and return it by 

February 15, 1979. 

• This report should cover the calendar year 1978. If book figures are not available, carefully prepared estimates are acceptable. 

• If you correspond with us regarding your report, please use the Census 

File Number shown in the address box. 

• CENTS ARE NOT REQUIRED, however, please use the space provided 

if you wish 10 enter them. 

CENSUS r'o 1011 \012 \ 013 \ 014 \ 015 ICOMPLETE AND> 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

USE 1201 Eost Ten,h Street ONLY RETURN TO Jeffersonvi lie, Indiana 47132 

~ 1ection 1 - BUSIN ESS OR ACTIVITY 

Mark (X) the ONE box which best describes your prIncIpal actIvity and list your prinCipal products or services 

10 Soil preparation services (plowing, fertilizing, 40 Animal services, except veterinary (artifiCial 60 Landscape and horticultural services or weed control prior to planting, etc.) insemination; boarding, shOWing, training, or {planning, planting, or caring of lawns, 

z 0 Crop services (planting; cultivating; disease, grooming of animals; etc.) gardens, shrubs, trees, etc.} 

insect, or weed control; harvesting; cotton 50 Farm labor and management services (!abor 7 :=J Other - Specify Bctlvl ~ 

ginning; preparation of crops for market; etc.) contractors, crew leaders, managers, citrus 

3~.=.J Veterinary services by licensed practitioners caretakers, etc.) 

Description of major activity or principal products or services 

~ Section Z - EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER 01. 

Is the Employer Identification (EI) Number printed in the upper right of 'DYES the address bOI the SAME as that used by this establishment on your 017 

latest 1978 Employer's Quarterly Federal Tax Return Treasury Form 941? I I I I I :2 0 NO - Enter current E 1 number ----....1 ! I-I ~ Section 3 - TYPE OF ORGANIZATION 

Ole Mark (X) the box which best describes the way the business was oparated during 1978 

I L Individual 20 Partnership 3 0 Corporat ion 40 Other - Describe 

~ Section 4 - PERIOD OPERATED DURING 1978 Number of 

a. Was this establishment in business at the end of 1978? 01. months 

I DYES 021 • If establishment was inactive during December 1978 due to seasonal or part-time 

20NO 

b. How many months during 1978 did 

operatlon3. answer "Yes" unless it was not owned at the end of the year. you own this establishment? 

~ Section 5 - DOLLAR VOLUME OF BUSINESS Donars I Cents 

• INCLUDE only receipts from customers, excise taxes and sales taxes, total charges for services or for 031 I 

I the use of facilities, and merchandise sold, whether or not payment was received in 1978. I 

• DO NOT INCLUDE commissions from vending machine operations, rea! estate rental, interest, sale of Receipts from services and sale I 

I real estate, and other non-operating income. of mercnandise in 1978 s I 

~ Section 6 - PAYROLL Dollars , Cents 

a. Total ANNUAL payroll in 1978 041 I Unes a and b - Report the gross earnings paid in calendar year to employees prior to such deductions as before deductions I employee's Social Security contributions. withholding taxes, group insurance premiums, union dues, and S I 

savings bondS. Include in gross earnings all wages, salaries, commissions, dismissal pay, paid bonuses, b. Payroll for the 042 I 

vacation and SiCk-leave pay. and the cash equivalent of compensation paid~ln·kind. If a corporation, I"dude I 

salaries of officers; if an unincorporated concern, exclude payments to proprietors or partners. FIRST QUARTER of 1978 $ I 

I 

~ Section 7 - SUPPLEMENTAL LABOR COSTS NOT INCLUDED IN PAYROLL DURING 1978 Dollars ! Cents 

•. Lerall), Required Labor Expenditure. During 1978 - Report payments for all programs required under Federal 051 I 

and Slate legislation such as: Federal Old Age Survivors Insurance, unemployment compensation, workmen's a. Legal~ reQuireJ labor I 

compensation, and State temporary disability payments. Include emplo)'er payments Onl,. expen ilures during 1978 I 

$ I 

b. Volunt.ary Labar Expondltures Durinc1978 - Report the cost of all programs not specifically required by 052 I Federal or State legislation. For programs financed jointly by employer and employee contributions, Include I on I)' the employer pa),manh". Include emplo~er payments for: insurance premIums on hospital and medical b. Voluntary labor I plans; life insurance premiums; and premiums on supplementar~ accident and sickness insurance. In reporting I 

payments for Insurance, report net pa~ments. Le., gross payments less any offsetting dividends, refunds, or expenditures during 1978 $ I 

other reductions in premiums. )5' 

Allo Include payments or allocations for all pension plans regardless of method of administration, supple· c. TOTAL supplemental labor costs ~ 

mental unemployment compensation plans, welfare plans, stock purchase plans in which the employer payment not included in payroll during 1978 I 

I is not subject to withholding tax, and deterred profit sharing plans. (Sum of lines a and b) ~ $ I 
78-A40D REPORT FORMS 

~ Seetion 8- GROSS RECEIPTS FOR SERVICES PERFORMED 

Report value 01 receipts lor a/l servIces perlormed during 1976 In "8" through "'" below. Report value 

of receipts 'rom the sele 0' any materials or products used In connection with the services performed 

Gross receipts for 

services performed 

during 1978 

In section 11. Report a/l other sales In section 12. 

: Cents 

a. SOIL PREPARATION SERVICES - If none, skIp to b. 

Report value 01 moe/pili for chemica lB. 

fertilizer, or lime applied In section 11. 

b. CROP SERVICES - If none, SkIp to c. 

(1) PlanHng, Cultivating, and Protection 

Report value 01 receipts for chemlc8Js~ 

fertilizer, or lime applied In section 11. 

(2) H~rvestin&, Primarily by Machine 

(3) Prep;raHon for Market 

(4) Co«onGI.miRI· 

'-RePort valiJl>' of r&¢elp'<I for ~agglng 

,"" ties. In sectlO1H.l. Report ."II./flB 

'. ;.~f cott'l"/lflildillld ballM·'1f corton In seat/on·la •.. " , 

FORM 78· .. ",00 UI-26-7B) 

-;:: 

07110 

07111 

07112 

07113 

07119 

07210 

07211 

07212 

07213 

07214 

07215 

07216 

07217 

07218 

07219 

07220 

07221 

07222 

07223 

.0]224 

07225 

07226 

07229 

07230 

07231 

07232 

07233 

07234 

07235 

0723& 

07237 

07239 

07240 

07241 . 

07249 

07410 

Oml 

07412 

07419 

omo 

Q742} 

07422 

O]4gS. 

Number of acres 

110 111 

Dollars 

Plowing or land breaking ........................ '-,o;-____ +s~-------+-_j Ii 12 113 

Harrowing or seed bed preparation ....•............. h

'

,'4.-----t;-;11<5--------I---j 

Fertilizer and lime spreading before planting •.......... iT.c;:------~,,--------__;--_j 

116 117 

Weed control before planting ...................... iT.c,__----b~----------'--_j 

118 119 

Other Specify 

200 20 I 

Planting with or without fertilizer ..........•....... ~,__----+s~-------+-_j 

Fertilizer spreading (only) after planting •.••.......... 202 203 

Aerial dusting and spraying for disease and insect 

h2~04.-----~20~5-------~--j 

contrnl with or without fertilizer (includes seeding) ....... ~;:__----~c;--------t---_l 

206 207 

On·ground dusting and sprayinf, for disease and 

. insect control with or without ertilizer ..........•.... f=::-----tc:--------'---_l 

Weed control after planting ....................... f.:2".0.;:--____ +2::'C0C79 _______ ~-___1 210 211 

Citrus grove cultivation or maintenance .........•.... h,,-;-----h;,----------:~-_l 

212 213 

Cultivation, mechanical and flame, other than citrus grove ... h,,-,------h;-,----------"'---_l 

214 215 

'Pruning of orchards or vineyards .........•......... h,,-;------h;,,-----------ir----_l 

216 217 

Irrigation services, custom .......••.............. f.:".,__----t-:---------:L.-_l 

Other Specify 21. 219 

220 221 

Corn for all purposes .•.....••......... , ...•.... f.:".:--____ +s~-------..;....-__I 

Wheat or other small grains (combining) ••.......•..• " 222 223 

~------~~----------+-~ 

Cotton ..............•.....•.•.•.....•...•. 224 225 ~2,.26~--------~2~2~7--------------~---i 

Fruits or berries ....•...••...................• I=::-----+O-:-:----------l--_j 

Vegetables . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . • . . . • . . . • • . . . . .. 22. 229 ~2"30,---------~2~3.,--------------~---i 

Soybeans, other beans, peas, or peanuts ..••.......... 

Hay (mowing, raking, baling, or chopping) ...•...•..... 1-:- 20':32:------1-2-3-

3 ----------;----j 

Other - Specify 234 235 

Corn shelling or drying ....................................... f,;~-=c36=_------__t-___I 

Crop drying other than com •......•.....•........•...••..••••.. 237 

Grain grinding and mixing ..•....•........•••.....•.....•••••.. "'2"3.0----------+----1 

Bean or grain cleani ng • . . . . . . . . • . • • . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . .. 239 

~----------~--~ 

Cotton seed delinting ....•...............•.......••...•.•.••• f:2",4,-0 _______ +-_j 

Packaging fresh or farm-dried fruits or vegetables ..............•.•...• 241 

Sorting, gr<lding, or packing of fruits or berries ..••........•....•.•.•. f:2"'4·2 --------1----1 

Sorting, grading, or packing of vegetables •.•......• " .••...••.•..••. _. 243 

f:2~4~4--------------+----l 

Other - Specify 

Number 01 bal •• 

Cotton ginning ••••.....•.•..••........•..•.•• 245 ~46 ~2~47=---------f2~4.;;----------------+--~ 

Colton pickery ...••.••.•...•.•...•..•.••••... 

other - Specify 

~2~49=---------~2~50=--------------4-----l 

Professional serviClls ........................................ ;'0 

Hospital care ••...•••••... ; ...••••••••.••.•.••.....•..•••. J.:;4711=----------i---1 

Artificial insemination •..•.•••.•.•••••..•••.....••.•.•.••.•.• ~ 412 __________ -L __ ~ 

Other _ Specify 419 

Professional services ......................................... r.$,20=_------___+---l 

Hnspital "care" .". • • • • .. • • • . . • . . • • . • • . • . . . . . • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • •• ~ 421 __________ -L __ ~ 

Artllicial insemination •.••.••••••••.•••••••• , .•••••••••.••.•• 422 b.;;;-------r----l Other .... Spoclfy 429 

213 
214 REPORT FORMS 78-A40D 

~ Sectim 8 - GROSS RECEIPTS FOR SERVICES PERFORMED - Continued Gross receipts for 

Report value of receipts for aI/ services performed during 1978 In "a" through '-f" below. Report value services performed 

of receipts from the sale of any mater/els or products used In connection with the services performed during 1978 In section 11. Reporl all other sales In section 12. Dollars I Cents 

d. ANIMAL SERVICES, EXCEPT VETERINARY - II nona, skip to a. I 

I 

(1) Animal Services for Cattle, Hogs, 07510 Artificial insemination and breeding, except by veterinarians ..•••...•. 510 I $ I 

Sheep, Goats, and Poultry 07511 Dairy herd improvement associations .••..••••.....•••.•.••••.• 511 I Report value of receipts for semen 

07512 Pedigree record services •.•••..••••.••..•..••••.••.••.•.• 512 in sfJCtlon 11. I 

07513 Slaughtering for individuals 513 I ............................. o. I 

07514 Sheep dipping and shearing .•.•..••...•....••..•........... 514 I 

07515 livestock vaccinating, except by veterinarians ....••.••....••...• 515 I I 

07516 Poultry services - poultry catching or cleaning coops •..•..•.•••..• 516 I I 

07519 Other Specify 519 I 

(2) Animal Services For Dogs, Cats, Horses, 07520 Artificial insemination and breeding, except by veterinarians ......•... I ~20 I I Bees, Fish, Rabbits, Other Fur-Bearing 07521 Boarding, showing, or training of horses, including race horses •••..... 521 I 

Animals, Birds (Except Poultry), and I 

Other Pets 07522 Boarding, showing, training, or grooming of dogs and cats .....••..... 522 I 

Report value of receipts tOf semen 

07523 523 I In sectfon 11. Pedigree record services ...•.......................•.••.. I 529 I 

07529 Other - Specify I 

e. FARM LABOR AND MANAGEMENT SERVICES - If none, skip to I. I 

1 

(1) Farm Labor Contractors and Crew Leaders 610 I 07610 Farm labor contractors ................................... $ I 

07611 Crew leaders .... 611 ..................................... I 

(2) Farm Management Services 07620 Citrus grove 620 I ..... , ................................... $ (Complete maintenance and management) 07621 Orchard or vineyard .......................... 621 I ........... I 

07629 Other - Specify 629 I 

f. LANDSCAPE AND HORTICULTURAL SERVICES - If none, skip to p. I I 

(1) Landscape Counseling aM Plannmg B 10 I 

07810 Landscape architects ......................... : ..•• '" .... $ I 

07811 Landscape counseling orplanning .•............. .i. .......... Bll I 

(2) Lawn and Garden Services 07820 Lawn or garden services including planting, mowing, spraying, fertilizing, etc B20 I • $ I Report value of receipts for seeds planted and 

07821 Cemetery upkeep or mowing highway center strips and edges, independent B21 chemicals Of fertilizer applied In section 11. I 

(3) Ornamental Shrub and Tree Services 07830 Shrub and tree services, including planting, fertilizing, spr~ying, B30 I 

; 

Report value of receipts for ornamental shrubs O( trimming, and surgery, except for public utility lines ..........•.... $ trees planted and chemicals or fertilizer applied 

07831 Tree trimming for public utility lines, independent. .... B31 I In section 11. . ........... I 

g. TOTAL gross receipts for all services perfonmed (Sum of all dollar entries in section 8) .- 1~_49 I 

~ Section 9 - LOCATION OF SERVICES PERFORMED DURING 1978 

List below the counties In which you Of your establishment performed the actIvities reported In section 8 above. Receipts may be 

reported In either the doftar column (column cJ or In column d as a percent of the total. Continue In "Aenarks" section Jf necessBry. 

County name State Gross receipts for services (Report dollars OR parcant) 

Dollars (a) (b) I Cents pe~~~nt let ~>1 I B52 

Principal county $ 

{ B53 B54 

Other S I counties 1$55 I B56 I 

~ Section 10 LABOR AND PAYROLL FOR SERVICES PERFORMED DURING 1978 Number of unpaid workers (including N.umber of paid employees (including Payroll before If you reported any activities In section 8, complete this section. Report yourself unpaid family members) working - paid family members) working - deductions as unpaid if you are the sole proprIetor or a partner of this establishment. If It Is 

D corporation end you are on the p8yrolf, report yourself as B paId employee. 150 days or more Less than 150days 150 days or more Less than 150days Dollars ! Cents 

B57 85B B59 860 B61 I a. Soil pleparation services ... .. .... ......... , .. , ................. S I 

B62 863 B64 B65 B66 b. Crop selvices ...... . " ...... .. . ............................. S I 

B67 86B 869 B70 871 

c. Vetellnary services. .... .. ' .. ... ., ... , .. , .................... $ 

B72 B73 874 B75 B76 d. Animal serVices, except veterinary .... ... , ..................... , ... $ I B77 B7B B79 B80 881 ; e. Farm labor and management services ...................... .' ........ $ 

f. Landscape and horticultural services BB2 BB3 BB4 BB5 BB6 I .. ...... ' ...... , ........... .... $ 

g. SEASONAL VARIATION - For all of the workers included ~u~r ~ workers 

March I June ~ September 1 December above (paid and unpaid), report the number working during (1) Paid ....•...... BB7 I B88 I BB9 I B90 the pay period which includes the 12th day of each 

month shown. (2) Unpaid .......... 891 J892 1 B93 ~B94 

~ Section 11 - GROSS RECEIPTS FROM PRODUCTS PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH SERVICES PERFORMED DURING 1978 Raportproductsalas In section 12 Dollars Cents 

a. Fertilizer or lime spread. . ................................................ 895 I .. ...... , ..... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ I 

b. InsectiCIdes, pesticides, or herbicides applied .. . ... . ... . , ..................... .......................... 896 . ' .... , ....... I 

c. Bagging and ties for cotton ginned B97 I ..... . ........ ....... . .. ... ..................................................... 

d. Drugs and medicines presclibed . 89B I .... . .. . . ...... . ..... ... ... , . .............................................. ...... I 

Semen .. B99 ~ "., I . .. . ... . , ... . . .. . .. . , .... ... , .................................................. , . ..... . 

f. Seeds, ornamental shrubs, or trees planted .. 900 I .... . .. , ..... . " ... , .... .... ......................... . ................... 

g. TOTAL gross receipts (Sum of dollars entered in "a" through "f") ~ 901 : 

Page 3 
78-A40D REPORT FORMS 215 

~ Section 12 - OTHER OPERATIONS PERFORMEO OURING 1978 

List all operations, other than those reported in section 8 performed during 1978 by the individual or establishment identified in the address box. 

Include any business activities, farming, nonagricultural operations, sales of merchandise, etc., NOT in connection with services performed in 

section 8. Report the number of paid employees and the gross receipts from such other operations. 

Number of paid Gross receipts 

List other operations employees working - for 1978 

NCTE: If no other operations 150 days or more Less than 150 days Dollars I Cents 

were performed, mark (Xl this 902 90J 90' , S , 

box and go to sOn 1/ 905 90S 907 

S , 

90e 909 910 

S 

If this establishment is a corporation or more than $50,000 was reported in section 5, answer sections 13, 14, and 15. It not, SKIP to section 16. 

~ Section 13 - CAPITAL EXPENDITURES FOR THIS ESTABLISHMENT DURING 1978 Dollars I Cents 

(EXCLUDING LAND AND MINERAL RIGHTS) Type of capital expenditures: 911 

• Report all capital expenditures actually made during 1978 for this establishment, Including major alterations, a. New structures and additions to , 

capitalized repairs, and improvements. "Capital expenditures" refer to all costs that are chargeable to your service establi shments S 

property accounts for which depreciation or amortization accounts are ordinarily maintained. 912 

• Include the cost of all improvements and new construction at this establishment which were in progress but 

had not been completed at the end of 1978. (For example, cost for animal hospitals, packing sheds, cotton 

gins, warehouses, etc., and improvements to establishment sites such as fences, storage facilities, etc.) b. New machinery and new equipment Include expenditures made by your company (or any of its subsidiaries) for structures which, upon 913 completion. were or are to be sold and leased back to this establishment. , 

• Include expenditures for new machinery and equipment such as forklifts, conveyors, tractors, mechanical C. Used plant and used equipment acquired , 

, planters, harvesters, sprayers, dusters (including airplane dusters), fruit packing equipment, automobiles, from others (including transfers from , etc., primarily used in performing services. other establishments of your company) , 

• Include transfers of used plant and equipment to your establishment from other establishments of your company. 9" 

• Ex.clude the cost of land and mineral rights. Exclude the cost of maintenance and repairs charged as current d. TOTAL CAPITAL EXPENDITU RES 

operating expense. Exclude capital expenditures made by outside owners of property rented or leased to this DURING 1978 establ ishment. Exclude capital expenditures made by this establishment for oUler locations of your company. (Sum of lines a, b, and c) S 

~ Section 14 - CHANGES IN GROSS VALUE OF DEPRECIABLE ASSETS OF THIS Dollars I Cents 

ESTABLISHMENT DURING 1978 a. Gross value of depreciable assets 915 , 

• Report the changes in gross value of depreciable assets of this establishment for which depreciation 

at BEGINNING of 1978 s , 

or amortization accounts are ordinarily maintained. "Gross value" represents the acquisition cost b. Total capital expendilures during 1978 916 

(original cost or other basis) to your company of such depreciable assets. Include all depreciable (Copy figure from section 13, item d) assets (buildings, structures, machinery, equipment, etc.), and all amortizable fixed assets. Include all improvements and new construction "in progress" during 1978 but not yet completed at the end of c. Gross value of depreciable assets SOld, 917 

1978. Also Inelude tha value of depreciable assets owned by this establishment but leased or rented 

to other companies. Include Ule value of depreciable assets owned by your company or any of its retired, transferred, scrapped, or , subsidiaries but Hleased" to this establishment destroyed during 1978 

• Exclude tire value of depreciable assets at other locations of your company (or any of its subSidiaries) 918 for which this establishment maintains records. d. Gross value of depreciable assets at 

END of 1978 (Should equal lines a+b-c. 

If not, please explain in "Remarks.")-. $ 

~ Section 15 - EXPENDITURES FOR ELECTRICITY, GASOLINE, PETROLEUM, AND OTHER FUELS 

PURCHASED DURING 1978 Eslimated expendilures 

for 1978 

Dollars Cents 

a. Gasoline ................................................................................................... 919 , S , 

b. Diesel fuel. ..........................................•..•.•.......................................... 920 ." .... s 

c_ LP gas, butane, propane ..••..•.••.••..................................................................... 921 , ....... s 

d. Motor oil, grease, piped gas, kerosene, and fuel oil 922 , ............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . s 

I Kilowatt hours Dollars I Cents 

. j~ 92' 

8. Electricity purchased ....•..........................•..•....•......•.....•........... s 

~ Section 16 - CHECKS 10 assure a complete and accurate report 

The Bureau of the Census reviews your report for omissions, inconsistencies, l) (1) Review the report carefully to see that no items are omitted for the year being covered. and unusual ratios. To reduce the possibility of correspondence about some 

problem, please make the following checks before returning your report. (2) Correct your report for any errors you find and explain unusual figures in ·'Remarks." 

Consistency checks Calculation required for each check Answer 

Section 5 If section 5 is completed, have sections 8 and II been completed? DYES o NO - Please complete 

Total for section 5 Does the sum of the totals in sections 8,11, and 1.2 equal the total for section 5? DYES o NO - Please refigure 

Payroll Does the entry for section 6a equal the Sum of section 10 "a" through Uf"? DYES Q NO - Please eJ(plaln in "Remarks" section 

Total for section 8 Do all doller entries in section 8 add to totai entered in section 8g? DYES D NO - Please refigure 

Remarks - Attach a separate sheet if necessary. 

~ Section 17 SIGNATURE (Pl •••• chock your an.w.r., Il>on .Ign berow.) Date Telephone 

Area code 1 Number 

Signature 

FORM 78·A.4QD (3·215·781 Page 4 
216 REPORT FORMS 7B-A40A-Ll 

78-A40A-L 1 

(6-78) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

FROM THE DIRECTOR 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Washington, D.C. 20233 

OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR 

Reply to: 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

1201 EAST TENTH STREET 

JEFFERSONVILLE, INDIANA 47132 

I nformation on soil preparation services, crop services, cotton ginning, and other agricultural 

(services is collected once every 5 years by the Bureau of the Census. Since services of this 

type are rapidly increasing, complete and timely data are essential for evaluating their 

influence on the Nation's economy. 

The enclosed report form is sent to you under authority of an Act of Congress (title 13, 

U.S. Code), which requires filing of the report with the Bureau of the Census. The same law 

specifies that your report is confidential, will be seen only by sworn Census employees, and 

will be used solely for statistical purposes. 

Before completing the report, please read all instructions. If book figures are not available, 

reasonable estimates may be used .. Your completing and returning the report form by 

February 15, 1979, will help us to publish the statistical information at an early date. If 

filing by this date creates an undue burden, a request for an extension may be sent to the 

address shown above. Include the 11-digit Census File Number (CFN) as shown in your 

address label in all correspondence to us. 

Your cooperation in filing your report promptly will be greatly appreciated and will avoid 

additional requests and make possible more accurate and timely publication of the 1978 

Census of Agricultural Services. 

Sincerely, 

MANUEL D. PLOTKIN 

Enclosures 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 
78-A40(8)-L2 REPORT FORMS 

78-A40IB.'-L2 

January 23, 1979 

FROM THE AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Washington. D.C. 20233 

Many Veterinarians and Animal Specialists across the Nation have already completed and 

returned their report forms for the 1978 Census of establishments performing Veterinary, 

Other Animal and Animal Specialty Services. If you have done so, thank you for your 

promptness. You have helped us get an early start in tabulating the census results. 

If you have not completed and returned your report form, this is to remind you that we 

would like to have it by February 15. For the census information to be complete for your 

county and State, we need a completed report form from everyone. 

If you cannot complete your report form by February 15, please write us and request a 

time extension. Please write your request on the other side of this letter and send it to the 

address shown above. 

If you did not perform any veterinary, other animal or animal specialty services in 1978, 

it is equally important for us to hear from you. Please complete the few items in section 1 

of the report form so that we can clarify your status. 

Thank you for your cooperation. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WILHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

NOTE - If you should write us about your report, please enclose this letter or be sure 

to include in your letter the Census File Number which appears on the address label. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 

217 
218 REPORT FORMS 78-A40C-L3 

78-A40C-L3 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

February 13, 1979 

FROM THE AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

Have you mailed the completed 1978 census report form covering establishments performing Landscape Counseling and Planning, Lawn and Garden, and Ornamental Shrub and 

Tree Services? 

Maybe your report has crossed this reminder in the mail. We hope so for we want it as 

soon as possible so that we can get on with the job of pr8paring and publishing county and 

State totals. 

Let me explain why it is so vital that this census be complete and accurate. We know you 

have lots of problems these days - rising costs, fluctuating prices, shortages, etc. - and only 

a census can provide, county by county for the U.S., the information about these services 

that is so greatly needed. 

Needed by whom? You may not know anyone who makes direct use of census information, 

but it is used extensively by many people and organizations who serve you. 

Who are they? Among others, private industry, farmer organizations, Congress, government 

agencies, agricultural experiment stations and colleges, and all the businesses on whom you 

depend for the information, services, materials, and equipment you use. 

Your answers, although COMPLETELY CONFIDENTIAL on an individual basis are needed 

to have accurate totals for your county. Please, if your report isn't in the mail, fill it out 

and send it back right away. Thank you very much. 

Sincerely, 

&;;-: ~ -

ORVIN L. WI LHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

If you should write us about your report, please enclose this letter or be sure to include 

in your letter the Census File Number (CFN) which appears on the address label. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 
78-A400-L4 

78-A40D-L4 

March 6, 1979 

FROM THE AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

Here is a SECON D COPY of the report form for the 1978 Census of establishments performing Agricultural Services. 

If you have filled out and recently mailed back the copy you received earlier, we thank 

you. We haven't received it as of today - perhaps it has crossed in the mail. 

If you haven't returned your completed report, please fill out either one of the copies 

we have sent you, arid mail it to us right away. 

To make this important census complete and accurate we must have your response. 

Your individual answers will be held COMPLETELY CONFIDENTIAL. They will be used 

only to produce county and State totals. 

Please mail your report back to us just as soon as you can. We'll appreciate it very much. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN 

~-~ 

L. WI LHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

Enclosure 

NOTE - If you should write us about your report, please enclose this letter or be sure 

to include in your letter the Census File Number which appears on the address label. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 

219 
220 REPORT FORMS 78-A40A-L5 

78-A40A-L5 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

March 27,1979 

• 

FROM THE AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

B~REAU OF THE CENSUS 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

We've written you several times about the report for the 1978 census of establishments 

performing soil preparation, crop, and cotton ginning services. As I said in an earlier letter, 

to make this a complete census, we must have your filled-out report. 

Let me assure you again; the same law (title 13, United States Code) that requires you 

to respond, also requires us to keep your individual information CONFIDENTIAL. 

Your report cannot be used, or even seen, by anyone but sworn Census employees. 

Your report, along with those of your neighbors, will be used only to provide totals for 

your county and State, and for the United States. 

Please send your completed report to us so we can get on with the big job of producing 

as quickly as possible the information that is needed from this census. We'll appreciate 

it, and those who need and use the figures to serve you will appreciate it even more. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WILHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

NOTE - If you should write us about your report, please enclose this letter or be sure 

to include in your letter the Census File Number which appears on the address label. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 
78-A40B-L6 

78-A40B·L6 

April 17, 1979 

FROM THE AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

We have not received your report form for the 1978 census of establishments performing 

veterinary, other animal, and animal specialty services. I must now ask you to complete 

the form and mail it back to us within the next fifteen days. 

You are one of the few who has not sent in the completed form. We must hear from you. 

Remember, your report is required by law and will be used only to produce needed 

totals. Please read the Notice on the front of the report form. 

Maybe you've misplaced the report forms sent you earlier. If so, here is another copy. 

Please fill it out and return it. 

Thanks for your help in making this census what it must be - complete! 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WI LHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

Enclosures 

NOTE - If you should write us about your report, please enclose this letter or be sure 

to include in your letter the Census File Number which appears on the address label. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 

221 
222 REPORT FORMS 78-A40C-L7 

7B-A40C-L7 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

May 8, 1979 

F ROM THE AG RICU L TU RE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

Our records show that you have not yet complied with your legal obligation to file your 

report for the 1978 census of establishments performing landscape counseling and planning, 

lawn and garden, and ornamental shrub and tree services. This is the fifth followup letter 

that we have sent requesting your assistance. 

The report is required by law and there are penalties for failure to report. Pertinent sections 

of the law are reproduced on the other side of this letter. 

As stated in the instructions accompanying the form you received, estimates are acceptable 

if exact figures are not readily available. 

Almost all establishments have responded. We will very much appreciate having your 

answers mailed back to us within five days so the census can be completed and the needed 

information published at an early date. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WILHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

NOTE - If you should write us about your report, please enclose this letter or be sure 

to include in your letter the Census File Number which appears on th3 address label. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 
78-A40C-L7 REPORT FORMS 

EXCERPTS FROM TITLE 13, UNITED STATES CODE WHICH 

RELATE TO THE CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE 

AUTHORITY TO CONDUCT CENSUS - Section 142 

(al The Secretary shall in 1979, in 1983, and in every fifth year beginning after 1983, take a census of 

agriculture. 

(c) The data collected in each of the censuses taken under this section shall relate to the year immediately 

preceding the year in which such census is taken. 

AUTHORITY TO COLLECT PRELIMINARY AND SUPPLEMENTAL STATISTICS - Section 193 

In advance of, in conjunction with, or after the taking of each census provided for by this chapter, the 

Secretary may make surveys and collect such preliminary and supplementary statistics related to the 

main topic of the census as are necessary to the initiation, taking, or completion thereof. 

MANDATORY PROVISIONS OF LAW 

Section 221 

(a) Whoever, being over eighteen years of age, refuses or willfully neglects, when requested by the 

Secretary, or by any other authorized officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof acting under the instructions of the Secretary or authorized officer, to answer, to the 

best of his knowledge, any of the questions on any schedule submitted to him in connection with any census or survey provided for by subchapters I, II, IV, and V of chapter 5 of this title, applying to 

himself or to the family to which he belongs or is related, or to the farm or farms of which he or his 

family is the occupant, shall be fined not more than $100. 

(b) Whoever, when answering questions described in subsection (a) of this section, and under the conditions or circumstances described in such subsection, willfully gives any answer that is false, shall be fined 

not more than $500. 

Section 224 

Whoever, being the owner, official, agent, person in charge, or assistant to the person in charge, of any 

company, business, institution, establishment, religious body, or organization of any nature whatsoever, 

neglects or refuses, when requested by the Secretary or other authorized officer or employee of the 

Department of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof, to answer completely and correctly to the best of 

his knowledge all questions relating to his company, business, institution, establishment, religious body, 

or other organization, or to records or statistics in his official custody, contained on any census or other 

schedule or questionnaire prepared and submitted to him under the authority of this title, shall be fined 

not more than $500; and if he willfully gives a false answer to any such questions, he shall be fined not more than $10,000. 

CONFIDENTIALITY OF INFORMATION 

Section 9 

Neither the Secretary, nor any other officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau or 

agency thereof, may, except as provided in section 8 of this title [which permits only the release of identifiable personal information to a respondent or the heir, successor or agent of such respondent) -

(1) use the information furnished under the provisions of this title for any purpose other than the statistical purposes for which it is supplied; or 

(21 make any publication whereby the data furnished by any particular establishment or individual under 

this title can be identified; or 

(3) permit anyone other than the sworn officers and employees of the Department or bureau or agency 

thereof to examine the individual reports. 

No department, bureau, agency, officer, or employee of the Government, except the Secretary in carrying 

out the purposes of this title, shall require, for any reason, copies of census reports which have been retained 

by any such establishment or individual. Copies of census reports which have been so retained shall be 

immune from legal process, and shall not, without the consent of the individual or establishment concerned, 

be admitted as evidence or used for any purpose in any action, suit, or other judicial or administrative 

proceeding. 

Section 214 

Whoever, being or having been an employee or staff member referred to in subchapter II of chapter I of this 

title, having taken and subscribed the oath of office, or having sworn to observe the limitations imposed by 

section 9 of this title, publishes or communicates any information, the disclosure of which is prohibited 

under the provisions of section 9 of this title, and which comes into his possession by reason of his being 

employed (or otherwise providing services) under the provisions of this title, shall be fined not more than 

$5,000 or imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both. 

FORM 78-A40C-L7 

(e-S-79) 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMM-ERCE 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

223 
224 REPORT FORMS 

DUE BY FEBRUARY 15, 1979 

FOR~ 78-A60 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

eUR£AU OF THE CENSUS \6-31-16) 

CENSUS OF IRRIGATION 

SINGLE-BASIN ORGANIZATIONS 

COMPLETE AND ATTN: AgriCUltl.lt8 Di ... ision > BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

RETURN TO Wo,hi.g'o., D.C. 20233 

AN IRRIGATION ORGANIZATION IS ••• 

A group of individuals, a company, a governmental district 

or agency. or an i ndi vi dua I that operates faei Ii ti es to 

supply irrigation water to two or more farms or ranches, or 

store irrigation water. It may be either a formal. legal 

organization. or an informal or cooperative arrangement. 

~ Sec.io.l - TYPE OF ORGANIZATION 

1. During 1978 did this organization: (a) supply irrigation 

water to two or more users, (b) supply water to another 

irrigation organiz.ation. or (e) operate irrigation water 

storage facilities? (See "Who Should Fill Out This 

Form" in reference guide.) 

1-) YES - Complete this reporr 

il NO - Go to "Remarks" on lost page, explain 

what connection, j f any, the orgonization 

has with irrigation water, sign section XIII, 

and rerurn this report to [he Bureau of 

the Census. 

2. Type of organization - Mark (X) the one box which best 

describes thiS organizotion 

I r-] Two or more neighbors or associates, a 

partnership. or unincorporated mutual or 

cooperative operating irrigation facilities 

z r-llncorporated mutual or cooperative - a legally 

constituted corporation owned by the lIsers, 

supplying water at COSt 

3 r-l Dlstrtct - Irrigation, drainage. or other which 

prOVides irrigation serVIce 

4 fl Commercial company which prOVides 

Irrigation services 

51-1 Project operated by the U.S. Bureau of 

Reclamation 

6 r--I Project operated by the U.S. Bureau of 

Indian Aff<'lIrs 

7 [-] City or (own municipal system 

8 [--] Other Specify 

~ Section II - SOURCE OF WATER IN 1978 

3. Direct source(s) of water received by thiS irrigation 

system In 1978 - Mark (X) a/I boxes which apply. 

(See sect/on 1/ in reference guide.) 

o. Directly from a supplier 

11-'"1 Another Irrigation organization 

2 r l Municipal water system 

3 r -lather supplier 

b. Directly from surface SOurce 

11'-1 Natural stream - Give name(s) 

21"') Natural lake or pond - Give name(s) _____ _ 

3! : ReservOI( - Give name(s) 

4[ I Drainage water (not drainage resulting from 

thiS organization's operation) 

c. Directly from ground sources 

I: i Pumped wells 

2 \ i Springs 

GO TO SECTION III ~ 

Form Approved' O.M.B. No. 41 ~S780S2 

NOTICE - Response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, U.S, Code). By the S<:Ime law your 

report to the Census Bureau Is confidential. 1t may be seen only by sworn Census employtles and 

may be used only for statistical purposes. The law also provides that copies ret<lined In your files 

are immune from legal process. 

Please mention this Ceosus File Number (Ihe eleven digit numbor ii, the Upptlf left hand corner 

of tho oddrl!lJS lobel) if you write 10 uS obout this roport. 

PLEASE RETURN THIS COpy AND ANY DUPLICATES WITH THE ENCLOSED MAP 

(Plesse correct any error /n name and address ittCludlng liP code.) 

CENSUS c SR AU USSR USBIA RD 

ONLY USE I'" 10" I'" J" 1''' 1°

38 j''' 1040 

~ Section III - EXCHANGE OF WATER WITH OTHER ORGANIZATIONS IN 1978 

4. Was any water received from another organization? - Report water received 

directly from a canol, pipeline, or reservoir operated by another organization. 

Include water received via a natural channel from a storage reservoir with 

which this organization has a contract or agreement. 

[""1 YES - Give the following information n NO- Go to item 5 

Name and address of organization supplying water 

b. 

CENSUS USE ONL Y 1

048 04' 

It more space Is needed, conflnue In "Rema,ks" on page 4. 

S. Was any water delivered by this orgonizotion into the system of another 

separately operated organization which assesses or collects water charges? 

- Include water delivered via a natural channel to another organization with 

which this organilation has a contract or agreement. 

Acre-feet 

obtained 

[J YES - Give the following information o NO - Go to section IV 

Name and address of organization receiVing water 

b. 

CENSUS USE ONLY IOS2 

If more space is needed, continue in "Remarks" on page 4. 

os. 

ACfe-feet 

delivered 

~ S.,.io. IV _ WATER USERS AND ACRES SERVED BY THIS ORGANIZATION IN 1978 (Excluding those served by organizations reported in item 5) 

6. Water users served directly by this organization - Do not duplicate. Number of 

Re~ort users only once in the FIRST appropriate category. None f---'=-"----I 

a. Farms and ranches receiving water for irrigation 1-1 

b. Residential and domestic users - Report users, including 

farms and ranches USing water ONL Y for household use, 

lawns and gardens, or for livestock water" 

c. Other users - municipal water systems. recreational 

organizations, publiC installations, industrial plants, etc. 

7. Land In farms and ranches served directly by this organizationa. Acres irrigated in 1978" . 

b. Acres developed for irrigation - Include land thar could be 

irrigated with this organization's existing faci/ities if water 

were available. (See item 7b reference guide.) 

[-I 

II 

None 

,-1 

[J 

056 

0" 

8. How did the acres irrigated in 1978 compare with the average acres If(igated 

during the 3~year period. 1975-1977? - Mark {Xl one 

1 1-1 Much above average (50% or more) 

2 n Above average (20% to 49%) 

3 n Near average (within 20%) 

411 Below average (20% to 49%) 

5 ri Much below average (SOO"~ or more) 

9. Estimate what percent of the acres irrigated in 1978 (acres 

reported in item 7a) were irrigated by each of the following 

methods: 

a. Furrow or ditches 

b. Flooding. " 

c. Sprinkler system. 

d. All other methods Specify 

_1°67 

None 060 

0 0" 

0 06' 

0 06' 

n 

1°69 

Acres 

Percent of 

% 

% 

% 

% 

1°70 

78-A60 
78-A60 REPORT FORMS 

~ Soction IV _ WATER USERS AND ACRES SERVED BY THIS ORGANIZATION IN 1978 - Continued 

10. Acres of land taken out of production from this organization's 

service area since January 1970 due to -

a. Salinity or alkalinity 

b. Urbanization - residential, commercial, industrial, 

highways, rights-of-way, etc .. 

c. Poor drainage. 

None Acre'S 1-;;0"",------., 

o 

d, Other - Specify ___________________ _ 

[1 

o 

o 

11. Did any of the farms and ranches served by this organization obtain 

additional irrigation water -

a. From their own well(s) or private surface source(s)? 

DYES - Estimated number of forms and ranches 

b. From any other organizations (district, company, community ditch, etc.)? 

DYES - Estimated number of forms and ranches 

If "Yes" give name(s) and address(es), of ocher organizotion(s) below. 

I Nam. I Address - Number 8nd street 

o NO - Go to b 

DNO-Go[oitemJ2 

12. Estimate the amount of irrigation water applied from all sources, on land served by this organization. 

Report either a OR b. 

I Ci!y and Slate 

o. Average quantity applied per acre - report to nearest tenth acre-foot ___ --'---'-1-'-10" Acre-feet 

b. Average depth applied in inches. Inches 

Soction V - SUPPLY AND DISPOSITION OF WATER IN 1978 

NOTE: Give your best estimate if measurements are nOl available. _Q~TlTY OF WATER 

I ZI P code 

13. Supply of water received by this organization -

Use this 

column jf gJto~~~:o~n~~~v;~~:~r:;~e~~~ r:~r~rt"~~t~f 0:1:~~' ~~ys 

(Report water from the point it come under the control of this organization.) possible G~llons ; CubiC feet ; Miner's 

a. From another organization's canal, pipe, or reservoir. Include 

water received via a natural channel from a storage reservoir 

with which this organization has a contract or agreement- (Total 

reported in item 4). . ........ . 

b. From surface sources (streams. lakes, reservoir, 

drainage ways) . 

c. From ground sources (pumped wells, flowing wells, 

and springs) ... 

5. Was the amount of water delivered to farms and ranches in 1978 _ 

Mark (Xl one. 

ACRE-FEET per minute 

la) (b) 

'" 

000 

'" 

"082 

0", 

0" 

0" 

os, 

0", 

0 •• 

'089 

1 ['1 Much above normal (50C1~ or more)? 

2 n Above normal (20% to 4~o)? 

30 Near normal (within 20%)? 

4 [l Below normal (20% to 49%)? 

l: 0 Much below normal (50% or more)? 

~ Se.tion VI - IRRIGATION FACILITIES OF THIS ORGANIZATION IN 1978 

16. Diversion dams operated - not storage reservoirs 

17. Flowing wells which require no pumping. 

18. Pumped wells. 

None Number 

Cl 

o 092 

Feet 

per second inches 

(c) (d) 

, , 

: 

: 

: 

DunHlon 

(No. of 

days) 

(e) 

0, Average depth to water at beginning of irrigation season. n 1

094 

19. Were any pumps used in this irrigation system? r----T-Ot-a-I-...:.--,~T~ota='II= Pu=m~'i=n~:=:'~=- ~f,~ -~~.,-ii%-I~u-,,-d~m~n-C' (2~-;i)O~--,--'~\.{3-0-:-)f-.:-"-p-u-m-ps-r-A-v-e-ra-g-.-v-er-t-IC-.-I -li-ft--l 

DYES - Complete this item number to d~sece~arge 

o NO - Go to item 20 Non. fo...-__ .:..:(,':..) ___ -Io,,-,,-G.""_on_'; t=,i'_ miin_U'._-to"C,---Ub_iC'....: ••• ,(=_,)e<_._ "C_""d_bo-_-,-(::c')~ __ --1 

o 0» 0>0 I u, ; 09' a. Pumps used on wells. 

b. Pumps on streams, reservoirs, lakes, or ponds 

(pumps used to divert water from surface source) . 

c. Other pumps (pumps used to relift water 

within system; pumps used for drainage) 

FORM 7&· ... &0 (&·31·781 

o 099 '00 '" '" 

'" '" I ,os '" 

o Pale 2. 

225 
226 REPORT FORMS 78·A60 

~ Secl;.n VI - IRRIGATION FACILITIES OF THIS ORGANIZATION IN 1978 _ C.nl;nued 

Length of larger facilities -

Length of all faci lities 50 or mOre cubic feet per second 

. (22,500gallons perminute or more) 

20. Length of conveyance fad lities - None< Mile, r.nth, Mile' Tenth, 

o. Unlined canals. laterals, or ditches. 0 ! 

'v, 

! b. lined canals. laterals, or ditches, including flumes and siphons '0, ItO : (Include concrete, asphalt. compacted earth. etc.) 0 I 

c. Pipelines. 0 : ,I> i 

d. Drains maintained. 0 It, : iiii"i'i'i, 

i'i'i'i'i"'i'i'i','i. Ct. Tunnels. 0 ", F ... ii;i'iii;i"ii;i"i 

~ S.";.n VII - IRRIGATION WATER STORAGE RESERVOIRS OF THIS ORGANIZATION IN 1978 

21. Did this organization have any water storage reservoirs in 1978? (Include shared reservoirs and reservoirs 

which are dry due to drought conditions; exclude dams solely for diversion.) 

DYES - Complete this section [] NO - Go to section VIII 

22. Did this organization have any ON or OFF-STREAM reservoirs with a capacity UNDER 1,000 ACRE-FEET? 

DYES - Complete items a and bJ. o NO - Go to item 23 ,I< 

a. Number of reservoirs Number 

b. Total filled capacity of these reservoirs '" Acre-feet 

23. Did this organization have any ON-STREAM reservoirs with a capacity of 1,000 ACRE-FEET OR MORE (reservoirs filled chiefly by the 

stream across which the dam is built)? - Do not include simple diversion dams. 

DYES - List each reservoir and fill columns (2) through (4) for each o NO - Go to item 24 

Total fi lied capacity Stored water withdrawn 

(exclude dead or or released from each 

Name of reservoir Name of stream intersected unusable capacity) reservoir in 1978 for 

irrigation use 

(I) (2) ,A~7;{~ Acr~;;eet 

, a. 

b. I '20 I'" 

I'" I '" e. 

more space Is needed, use the "Remarks' space or attach a separate sheet of paper. 

2.4. Did this organization have any OFF-STREAM reservoirs with a capacity of 1,000 ACRE-FEET OR MORE (reservoirs fil!ed 

chiefly by water conveyed through canals or pipes)? 

DYES - list each reservoir and fill columns (2) through (6) for each (~ N.O - Go to section VIII 

Total filled capacity Water diverted into I Stored water wi thdrawn Am~~;;r~~i;~~rot_each (exclude dead or each reservoir or released from each 

Name of reservoir reservoir in 1978 for unusable capacity) in 1978 irrigatIon use Oct. I, 1977 Oct. 1. 1978 

Acre-feet Acre-feet Acre-feet Acre-feet Acre-feet 

(I) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 

138 '" 1'40 , '" '0. '43 14, '" 14' lb. 

'48 '49 '>0 , '52 

Ie. 

, mor" space ;s neoooo, use lhe 'Remerks' spBca or "'BCh a sBparale sheel 01 peper, 

~ S.cllon VIII - MEASUREMENT OF WATER IN 1978 

25. Did this organization measure any of the water it received or delivered in J 978? 

188 

, [-] YES - Complete this section 2 [] NO - Go to section IX 

26. What types of flow meCisuring devices were used? - Mark (X) all boxes which apply 

18' t [] Weir or Parshall flume 2 n Propeller. cup or disk meter 3 Cl Orifice, venturi, or pitot tube 40 Other - Specify 

27. How often was measurement taken? - Mark (X) 0/1 boxes which apply 

\90 

I r~! Continuous recorder 2 C-l Random measurement PeriodiC measurement - How often;; 

'0 Daily .. , [I Weekly 

s r') Monthly 

6 \1 Other - Specify 

28. What portion of water flowing at the following points was measured ",., 'i' 

None P""nt 

a. At entry into this system .. [-; 1'91 % 

b. At delivery. [-1 I'" % 

c. At release Into natural channels. r- I'" % 

~ SocH.n IX _ COST OF OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE IN 1978 CENTS NC . REQUIRED 

129. Amoun.t spent by this organization in 1978 for the operation, mai~tenance. and ,repair of i.rrigation equipment and None ~~, , :Cen" facdiues (excluding water purchased) - Inc/ude fuel. power, maIntenance, ordinary repairs and replacements. and 

n )94 J hired labor. Exclude improvements, odditions, and the value of labor and materials furnished by owners or operators 

a. Fuel and Ene-rgy Expenditures - Of the amount reported in item 29 how much was spent for each of the following 

types of fuel to pump (lift) and deliver Water to farms and ranches in 1978? Include fuel adjustment costs. 

1. Natural gas 1-:-1 I~" : 

2. E lectrlClty r-c L~96 : 

3, LP gas, butane. and propane n !$ : 

4. Olese I ot! ,I ~98 : 

n ~" i 5. Gasoline ..... $ 

6. TOTAL FUEL AND ENERGY COSTS (Add dollars in items 1 through 5 ana enter total here.) • ~;oo J r 0 ...... 1~·Io.','} '11-\1-7&' Page 3 
78-A60 REPORT FORMS 

~ S.<I;o, x - NEW CAPITAL INVESTMENT, 1970 THROUGH 1978 AND INDEBTEDNESS 

Improvements to existing facilities, buildings, and equipment - Report 

only the amount you spent during calendar years 1970 through t 978 

over and above what it would cost to replace the original with similar 

facilities or equipment. 

For construction in progress, include only that part performed dUffng 

calendar years 1970 through! 978. 

N ...... construction and added equipment - Report only additional 

facilities, buildings, or equipment. 

Exclude cost of ordinary repairs and replacements; expenditures for 

land, rights-af-way, and water rights; payments to the Bureau of Reclamation or other organIzations for faCilities already constructed. 

Include only those facilities chargeable to irrigation and only the cOSt 

to this organization of works built jointly with another organization; 

include expenditures made by this organization with loans or funds 

obtained from the Bureau of Reclamation. 

Projects constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation and now operated by 

users should not report expenditures made directly by the Bureau. 

These expenditures will be obtained from that agency. 

30. Were there any expenditures by this organization for construction of additional facilities. purchase of added eqUIpment. or Improvements (0 facdlties 

or equipment for irrigation and drainage, between January I. 1970 and December 3[, 1978? 

DYES - ComPlete this item r NO - Go to item 31 

a. Improvements to existing facilities. buildIngs, and equipment 

b. New construction and added equipment 

c. TOTAL COST of improvement!; and additions 

31. Total indebtedness of this organization 

c 

c 

Expenditures 

J 970 through 1978 

CENTS NOT REQUIRED 

'03 

a. Total indebtedness of this organization chargeable to irrigation and drainage- as of December 31, 1978 -

Include outstanding bonds, notes, repayment contracts. drought emergency loans, and construction obligations. 

Exclude current liabilities 

b. Amount obligated to the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (part of item (a) above) 

~ Sec';o, XI - REVENUE OF THIS ORGANIZATION IN 1978 FROM WATER USERS AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 

32. Money received by this organization in ! 978 from water users or other irrigation 

organizations for operation and maintenance. or for repayment of construction COSt 

on the irrigation system - Include collections made directly from other organizations 

for water purchased or stored and from users on the basis of charges, or assessments 

per acre, per share. per acre~foo[. or on the basis of assessed valuation. 

a. From farms and ranches 

b. From residential and domestic water users. 

c. From other irrigation organizations. 

d. From other users - Specify __________________ _ 

CENTS NOT REQUIRED 

None Dollars ,Cents 

'0< 

~ h~MOS--------~~ 

C$ 

CENTS NOT REQUIRED 

None f-";;;o,;---,D"o,,,I I",.,~, __ +" C"e",n'-'''-j 

~ r.$=---------r-~ 

'08 ~, f-,$~------~----j '0' r:] $ 

1r--------~,.c-----1 

TOTAL RECEIVED FROM ALL USERS OF WATER (Add dollars in items a throuqh d and enter total here.) ~ S10 J ~ Sectio, XII LOCATION OF DIVERSION POINTS AND DELIVERY POINTS IN 1978 

33. On the enclosed map locate the following features of your organization's 

operation. Please use the symbols indicated - red pencil preferred. 

BE SURE TO RETURN THE MAP WITH THIS QUESTIONNAIRE. 

a. Diversion or pumping points from surface or ground sources or pOInts where 

water from another organization enters works operated by this organization. 

b. Points where water is delivered to works operated by other irrigation organizations. 

c. Off-stream reservoirs (1,000 acre-feet or more capacity) 

d. On-stream reservoirs (1,000 acre-feet or more capacity) 

e. Land served directly by this organization> 

Symbols 

o 

Write name 

on map 

Wrire name 

on map 

Skarch In 

ourlina of araa 

Remarks - Identify remarks by item number. (If more space is needed, attach a separate sheet of poper.) 

~ Section XIII 34, 

Person 

supplying 

information 

CERTIFICATION Name I TnI. 

Melling address - Number and strQet, cHy, and Stare 

CENSU5 USE ONLY 

State Drainage BasH'I No. 

Telephone 

Area code I Number 

ZIP code 

227 
228 REPORT FORMS 

I DUE BY FEBRUARY 15, 1979 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

8UREAU OF THE CENSUS 

CENSUS OF IRRIGATION 

MULTI-BASIN ORGANIZATIONS 

(Only sections that differ from single-basin organizations are 

shown) 

~ Soct;on III - EXCHAHGE OF WATER WITH OTHER ORGAHIZATIONS IH 1978 

4. Was any water received from another organization? - Report water received directly 

from 0 canol, pipeline, or reservoir operated by another organizotion. Include WQter 

received via a natural channel from a storage reservoir with which this organization 

has 0 contract or agreement, 

[: YES - G,ve the following information [-, NO - Go to item 5 

Name and address of organization supplying water 

b_ 

If more space is needed continue in "RemBrks" on page 4. 

5. Was any water delivered by this organization into the system of another 

separately operated organization which assesses or collects water charges? 

Include water delivered via a natural channel to another organization with 

which this organization has a contract or agreement. 

Acre-feet 

obtained 

r- . YES - Give the following informatron r--: NO - Go to section IV 

Name <lnd address of organization receiving water 

b_ 

If more space is needed conllrJue in "Remarks" On page 4. 

Acre·feet 

delivered 

~ S.,';on IV - WATER USERS AHD ACRES SERVED BY THIS ORGAHIZATIOH IH 1978 (Excluding those served by organizations reported in item 5) Report by 

Enter drainage 

basin numbor 

110m map~ 

Drainage 

Basin No. 

Enter draInage 

basin /lumber 

from map-/. 

Drainage 

Basin No. 

drai nage basi n ,..n::.:um::.:b::.:e::.:r-_____ ~~__,_,-_,__=_c,...,.,__._=_c,...,.,__.---.....j 

i

Enter drainage basin 0.8. No. D_B. No. 0.8. No. Total 

6. Water users served number from map -----.. at! basins directly by this t..::.:::=:::...cc.::.::..:::2.._::....+-___ .L ___ .L ___ .L ___ -i 

organization - Do not duplicate. Number of users 

Report users, only once, in the FIRST 

appropri ate category, 

a. Farms and ranches receiving 

water for irrigation. 

b. Residential and domestic users - Report 

users, Includ,ng forms and ranches uSIng 

water ONL Y for household use, lawns 

llnd gardens, or for livestock water 

c. Other users - munici pal water systems, 

recreational organizations, public 

Installations, industrial plants. etc. 

7. Land in farms and ranches served directly 

by thl s organization 

o. Acres Irrigated in 1978 

b. Acres developed for irrigation - Include land 

(hot could be Irngoted with th i s organi zaU on's 

existing focilities if water were available 

a. EstImate what percent of the acres irrigated 

In 1978 (acres reported In Item 7a) were 

Irrigated by each of the following methods: 

o. Furrow or ditches 

b. flooding 

c. Sprmkler system 

d. All other methods - Specify _______ __ 

9. Acres of land taken out of production from 

this of&anization's service area since 

January 1970 due to -

None 

,--' f.._--+---+---"'--4 

~ ~--~-----+----~----4 

,--' ~--~------+--------~--~ 

Percent of acres irrigated 

% % % % 

r~ f.._--+---+---+----I 

% % % % '-1 ~----~------If.._----4_----~ 

% % % % [J f.._----~----~--~----~ % % % ~. 

Acres taken out of Production 

a. Salinity or alkalinity [1 

b. Urbanization - residential. commercial, 

Industrial. hIghways, rights·of-way, etc. n 

c. Poor drainage n 

d. Other Speci (y 

78-A61 
78-A61 REPORT FORMS 

~ S.<lioo V _ SUPPLY AND DISPOSITION OF WATER 1978 

NOTE: Give your best esfimate If measurements ore not available. 

If your organization operates In more tha.n one State, the spaces provided for 

entry of drainage basin numbers may also be used for entry of State names. 

13. Supply of water receIved by thIS organization -

(Report water from the pornt it COme under the control 

of thi S organi lotIOn.) 

a. From another organization's canal, pipe, or reservoir 

(total reported In Item 4) - Include water received via a naturol channel 

from a storage reservOIr With which thiS organization has a contract or ogreemen! 

b. From surface sources (streams, lakes. on~stream reservoirs. dra!nage ways) 

c. From ground sources (pumped wells, flOWing wells, and springs) 

d. TOTAL WATER SUPPLY RECEIVED from all sources by this organization 

Report quantity of water by drainage baSin 

Acre~feet 

• D.8. number 0.8. number 

Total 

all baSins 

Acre-feet 

(Add acre~feet for lines 0, b, and cJ --------------~~ /''-___ ...... 'I'''-____ ''''I'''-___ ~I''''__-----......., 

e. Quantity of Water Imported Into baSin identtfled In column heading. , . From drainage baSin number (No. ) (No. ) (No. ) 

f. Quantity of water exported out of baSin Identified in column heading -

To drainage baSin number. (No. ) (No. ) (No. 

g. TOTAL WATER SUPPLY for storage or disposition 

in each drainage basin (Lines d plus e minus f.) ----------_I""--____ ... '-___ ...... 'I"'-___ ~ ... ------"'I 

1.4. Disposition or use of water by this organization through 

(Report water to the point 11 left the control of thiS organization) 

o. Delivery directly to farms and ranches reponed In Item 6a for Irrlg<Hlng landIf you do not measure dellvenes, deduct on estimate for conveyance loss 

b. Delivery directly to IndiVidual userS solely for residential or domestic use 

(Water users reponed in item 6dJ. 

c_ Delivery to works of other irrigation organizations (Total of amounts reported 

in item 5) - Include water delivered Via a natural channel to other organizatIOns 

with which [his organization has a contract or agreement 

d. Delivery directly to industrIal plants. muniCipal water systems, recreational 

organizations. publiC Installatlons. etc. (Water users reported In item 6c) 

e. All other releases from the irrigation conveyance system, 

including spillage of excess 

f. Conveyance loss (estimated) due to evaporation and seepageIf none, please explain in "RemarkS" . 

g. TOTAL WATER DELIVERED to users, released, or lost by this 

organization (Add acre~feet for lines a thraugh f. This toto/ should be the same as item 13g.)------------.... _______ '-___ ...... _______ '-_____ .... 

P<lge 2 

23. Did this organization have any ON-STREAM reservoirs with a capacity of 1,000 ACRE~FEET OR MORE (reservoirs filled chiefly by the 

stream across which the dam is built)? - Do not include SImple diverSion dams. 

eYES - List each reservoir and fill columns (2) through (S) for each 1-" NO - Go (0 item 24 

Name of reservoir Name of stream intersected 

()) (2) 

b. 

If more space is needed, use the "Remarks" space or attach a separate sheet 01 paper. 

Total ftlled 

capacity (exclude 

dead or unusable 

capaci ty) 

Acre-feet (3) 

Stored water withdrawn 

or released from each 

reservoir in 1978 for 

irrigation use 

Acre-feet (4) 

2.4. Did this organization have any OFF-STREAM reservoirs with a capacity of 1,000 ACRE-FEET OR MORE (reservoirs filled 

chtefly by water conveyed through canals or pipes)? 

[l YES - List each reservoir and fill columns (2) through (7) for each [l NO - Go to section VII./ 

Total fi lied Water diverted into Stored water wi thdrawn Amount of water in each capaCIty (exclude or released from each reservoir as of - Name of reservoir dead or unusable each reservoir reservoir in 1978 for 

capacity) in 1978 irrtgatton use Oct. I. 1977 Oct. 1,1978 

Acre-feet Acre-feet Acre-feet Acre~feet Acre-Ieet 

(I) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 

b. 

11 more space is needed, use the "Aemarks" space or attac/l a separate sheet of peper. 

Page 3 

Entel dra.Jnage 

baSin num/xf 

from m8P~ 

Drainage 

Basin No. 

(5) 

Entar drainage 

baSin number 

I!om map. 

Drainage 

BaSin No. 

(7) 

229 
230 REPORT FORMS 78-A70-Ll 

7B-A70-L 1 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Washington. D.C. 20233 

January 23, 1979 

FROM THE CHIEF, AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Many irrigation organizations have already completed and returned their report forms 

for the 1978 Census of I rrigation. If you are among this group, we thank you for your 

promptness. 

If you have not completed your report form, please note that the due date is February 15, 

1979. If filing by that date creates an undue burden, a request for extension may be sent to 

our office in Washington, D.C. In all correspondence to us, be sure to include the 11-digit 

Census File Number shown in your address label. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WILHITE 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 
78-A61-L 1A 

78·A61·L 1A 

(1·79) 

FROM THE AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BU REAU OF THE CENSUS 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Washington, D.C. 20233 

I ncluded in the materials that were ma iled to you for the 1978 Census of I rrigation was an 

extra, pink questionnaire (form 78-A61), labeled "This Form is FOR YOUR RECORDS." 

Through a printing error, not discovered until after your forms were mailed, page 2 was 

repeated in place of page 4. 

The enclosed copy of page 4 will make it possible tor you to keep a complete record of your 

census report in your files. 

If you have any questions about your report, please call collect (301) 763-2300 or 

763-2676. 

We apologize for any inconvenience this error has caused you. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WILHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

Enclosure 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICUL lURE 

231 
232 REPORT FORMS 78-A63-Ll 

78-A63-L 1 

(8-78) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

FROM THE DIRECTOR 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Washington. D.C. 20233 

OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR 

A census of irrigation is conducted each 10 years to provide current and anticipated needs 

for information about this important sector of our nation's economy. 

Nationally, more water is consumed for irrigation than any other use. Sales from irrigated 

farms account for over one-quarter of all agricultural sales in the United States, yet only 

about ten percent of all farms are irrigated. Farmers, businesses associated with agriculture, 

and government agencies need information on the rapid changes occurring in irrigation. 

Major areas of interest are land irrigated, water users served, facilities operated, quantities 

of water used, energy requirements, and investment in facilities. This information may 

be used in making decisions which affect efficiency of water management, improvement 

of irrigation equipment, allocation of energy needs, or providing finances for new projects. 

Please fill out the enclosed form and mail it back to us in the envelope provided by 

February 15th. 

The enclosed Reference Guide provides definitions and guidelines which will help in completing the report form. If you have any further questions about your report and want to 

write us about it, complete as much of the census form as possible, enter your questions 

in the remarks space, and return the form to us. 

We will appreciate your early response. It is vital to the accurate and timely publication 

of the 1978 Census of Irrigation. 

Sincerely, 

MANUEL D. PLOTKIN 

Enclosures 

NOTICE - Response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, United States Code). By the same law YOUR REPORT 

TO THE CENSUS BUREAU IS CONFIDENTIAL. It may be seen only by sworn Census employees and may be used only 

for statistical purposes. Your report cannot be used for purposes of taxation, investigation, or regulation. The law also 

provides that copies retained in your files are immune from legal process. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 
78-A63-L2 

78-A63-L2 

February 15, 1979 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Washington, D.C. 20233 

SECOND REQUEST 

FROM THE CHIEF, AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

We have not as yet received your completed report form for the 1978 Census of Irrigation, 

which was mailed to you about 6 weeks ago, If it has been completed and returned to us, 

please accept our thanks for your important contribution to the success of this census. 

If you have not already done so, please complete the questionnaire and mail it to us 

immediately, We must have replies from everyone who received an irrigation form if the 

census results are to be accurate and complete. 

Your answers are COMPLETELY CONFIDENTIAL by law (title 13, U.S. Code). Your 

report can be seen only by Census employees and may be used only for statistical purposes. 

If you have any questions about your report, complete as much of the census form as 

possible, enter your questions in the "Remarks" space and return the form to us. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN l. WILHITE 

IMPORTANT: In all correspondence, please include the Census File Number shown in 

the address label of your report form. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 

233 
234 REPORT FORMS 78-A63-L3 

78-A63-L3 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

March 6, 1979 

Washington. D.C. 20233 

FROM THE CHIEF,AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

THIRD REQUEST 

Your response to the 1978 Census of Irrigation questionnaire mailed to you about 9 weeks 

ago is required by law (title 13, United States Code). 

The same law assures that your individual report can be used only to produce statistical 

totals. It will be held in strictest confidence and cannot be shown to or used by anyone 

outside the Bureau of the Census for any purpose whatsoever. 

Our records indicate that as of the above date we have not received your report. If you 

have mailed it in the last few days, it may have crossed in the mails and we thank you for 

you r response. 

If you have not yet mailed your report, please complete it and mail it to us right away_ 

Your completed report is needed now to avoid delay in processing the census statistics 

on irrigation for your State. 

Yo'ur cooperation is essential. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WI LHITE 

IMPORTANT: In all correspondence, please include the Census File Number shown 

in the address label of your report form. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICUL lURE 
78-A63-L4 

78-A63-L4 

March 27, 1979 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Washington. D.C. 20233 

FOURTH REQUEST 

FROM THE CHIEF, AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

We are very much concerned that we have not received your completed report for the 1978 

Census of Irrigation. I t is long overdue. 

Practically all irrigation organizations have already returned their completed report. Please 

take time to fill out your report and mail it to us immediately if you have not already done 

so. This is essential so that we may soon publish complete results of the census. 

Since your report form may have been lost, we are enclosing another copy for your use. A 

preaddressed envelope is also enclosed for your convenience. 

The filing of this report is required by law (title 13, United States Code) and no exceptions 

can be made. Pertinent sections of the law are shown on the reverse side of this letter. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WtLHITE 

Enclosures 

IMPORTANT: In all correspondence, please include the Census File Number shown in 

the address label of your report form. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICUL lURE 

235 
236 REPORT FORMS 

EXCERPTS FROM TITLE 13, UNITED STATES CODE WHICH 

RELATE TO THE CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE 

AUTHORITY TO CONDUCT CENSUS - Section 142 

(a) The Secretary shall in 1979, in 1983, and in every fihh year beginning after 1983, take a census of 

agricultu re. 

(h) In conjunction with the census to be taken under subsection (a) of this section in 1979, in 1988, and 

every tenth year beginning after 1988, the Secretary shall take a census of irrigation and drainage. 

(c) The data collected in each of the censuses taken under this section shall relate to the year immediately 

preceding the year in which such census is taken. 

AUTHORITY TO COLLECT PRE lIMINARY AND SUPPLEMENTAL STATISTICS - Section 193 

In advance of, in conjunction with, or aher the taking of each census· provided for by this chapter, the 

Secretary may make surveys and collect such preliminary and supplementary statistics related to the 

main topic of the census as are necessary to the initiation, taking, or completion thereof. 

MANDATORY PROVISIONS OF LAW 

Section 221 

(a) Whoever, being over eighteen years of age, refuses or willfully neglects, when requested by the 

Secretary, or by any other authorized officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau 

or agency thereof acting under the instructions of the Secretary or authorized officer, to answer, to the 

best of his knowledge, any of the questions on any schedule submitted to him in connection with any 

census or survey provided for by subchapters I, II, IV, and V of chapter 5 of this title, applying to 

himself or to the family to which he belongs or is related, or to the farm or farms of which he or his 

family is the occupant, shall be fined not more than $100. 

(b) Whoever, when answering questions described in subsection (a) of this section, and under the conditions 

or circumstances described in such subsection, willfully gives any answer that is false, shall be fined 

not more than $500. 

Section 224 

Whoever, .being the owner, official, agent, person in charge, or assistant to the person in charge, of any 

company, business, institution, establishment, religious body, or organization of any nature whatsoever, 

neglects or refuses, when requested by the Secretary or other authorized officer or employee of the 

Department of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof, to answer completely and correctly to the best of 

his knowledge all questions relating to his company, business, institution, establishment, religious body, 

or other organization, or to records or statistics in his official custody, contained on any census or other 

schedule or questionnaire prepared and submitted to him under the authority of this title, shall be fined 

not more than $500; and if he willfully gives a false answer to any such questions, he shall be fined not 

more than $10,000. 

CONFIDENTIALITY OF INFORMATION 

Section 9 

Neither the Sesretary, nor any other officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau or 

agency thereof, may, except as provided in section 8 of this title [which permits only the release of identifiable personal information to a respondent or the heir, successor or agent of such respondent] -

(1) use the information furnished under the provisions of this title for any purpose other than the statistical purposes for which it is supplied; or 

(2) make any publication whereby the data furnished by any particular establishment or individual under 

this title can be identified; or 

(3) permit anyone other than the sworn officers and employees of the Department or bureau or agency 

thereof to examine the individual reports. 

No department, bureau, agency, officer, or employee of the Government, except the Secretary in carrying 

out the purposes of this title, shall require, for any reason, copies of census reports which have been retained 

by any such establishment or individual. Copies of census reports which have been so retained shall be 

immune from legal process, and shall not, without the consent of the individual or establishment concerned, 

be admitted as evidence or used for any purpose in any action, suit, or other judicial or administrative 

proceeding. 

Section 214 

Whoever, being or having been an employee or staff member referred to in subchapter II of chapter I of this 

title, having taken and subscribed the oath of office, or having sworn to observe the limitations imposed by 

section 9 of this title, publishes or communicates any information, the disclosure of which is prohibited 

under the provisions of section 9 of this title, and which comes into his possession by reason of his being 

employed (or otherwise providing services) under the provisions of this title, shall be fined not more than 

$5,000 or imprisioned not more than 5 years, or both. 

Fa RM 78-A63-L4 (.3 .. 27·7 g) 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

78-A63-L4 
78·A63·L5 

78·A63·l5 

(3·79) 

FROM THE AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Washington, D.C. 20233 

FIFTH REQUEST 

A report form for the 1978 Census of I rrigation was sent to you the first of the year and a 

second form was sent about three weeks ago. Your irrigation organization is one of the few 

which have not yet sent in the completed form. We must have your report to insure that 

the census of irrigation is complete and accurate. 

Please take time to fill it out and mail it to us immediately if you have not already done 

so. If figures are not readily available from your records, your best estimates are acceptable. 

Your report, which is required by law (title 13, United States Code), can be used only to 

produce statistical totals. Your report will be completely confidential. It cannot be seen 

by anyone except sworn Census employees. 

Each address in our mailing list has a different Census File Number (CFN) and each has to 

be accounted for. By completing and returning the form you will save the government the 

cost of any further contacts necessary to obtain your report. 

If you are no longer associated with irrigation or have been mistakenly included on our 

mailing list it is equally important for us to hear from you. Please complete the few items 

in section 1 of the report so that we can clarify your status. 

Sincerely, 

ORVIN L. WI LHITE 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

IMPORTANT: In all correspondence, please include the Census File Number shown in 

the address label of your form. 

1978 

CENSUS OF 

AGRICULTURE 

237 
238 REPORT FORMS G-29 

~2, Purpose -IndIcate the maIn functlon(s) of this unit, by marking the Form Approved': O.M.B. No. 41·S75071 

appropriate oo1((es). If two or more functions are performed, enter FORM G·29 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE numbers 1, 2, 3, etc. to indicate size ranking. \ \_23_HI~ BUREAU OF THE CEN5U5 

ee 0 Soli conservation «>C Hospilal 

510 Drainage 01 agrlcullural '" [.1 HOUSing 1977 CENSUS OF GOVERNMENTS lands 520 Library LOCAL GOVERNMENTS DIRECTORY CARD 

640 lrugallon, waler 61 [] Parks, recrealion (Special Districts) conservation .. 0 Roads, bridges 

63[J Flood conlrol 09 0 School bUlldl ngs ,...1. Address (Please correct any error in name and address inoluding ZIP code) 

91 [~.; Domestic water C Olher - Specif~ 

supply 

800 Sewerage 

020 Cemelery 

240 Frre prolecllon 

~ 3. Employment - Number 01 paid employees of ~our ~overnment and Iheir payroll for 

the one pay period which rncluded Oclober 1 , 19 6 

Type of Number of P ayrall amount Length of CENSUS employment employees (Omit cents) pay period >I< USE ONLY 

Full-lime S 

Pari-lime $ 

'Indicate whelher pay period reporled IS lor a one-week, Iwo-week, bimonlhly, ) Bureau of the Census 

I I or monlhly period. RETURN TO 1201 East Tenth Streot 

Please complete form 00 reverse side Jeffenonvi lie, Indiana 47130 

~4. Debt Amount (Oml r cents) ~ 7. District area (rough estimate will suffice) ... 1 Square mires a. Amounl ollong-Ierm debt your dlslrlcl had oulslandrng at end a. Report the amounl of lerrilory covered by this unit, 

01 fiscal year. If possible 10 Ihe nearesllenlh of a square mile. . ....... 

Month/day/year b. Mark I X) Ihe parli cu I ar i lem whi ch descri bes Ihe area covered by Ihi s uni I, 

b. Enler Ihe ending dale 01 the fiscal year lor which Ihe above and supply the relaled lacls requested, 

debt Inlormatron IS reporled (1) 0 An area wi Ih exactly the same boundaries as one particular county, city, 

~ 5. District officials Number village, borough, lown, or lownship. Specify that unit by its full name. 

a. Governing body Iboard oltruslees, drreclors, elc.) 

(2l 0 An area consisling of two or more entire counties. Specify county names. II) Number 01 popularly elecled members 

11) Number of members, If any, selected by elecled 

members, appolnled, ex olliero, elc. 

(3) [1 An area Ihal includes some lerritory in two or more counties, I>Jt not all 

b. Does Ihe dlslrlcl have any olher POPULARLY ELECTED offiCials' of the area in each of them. Specify county names. 

1 DNa 

2 CJ Yes - Specify official titles 

(4I 0 None of Ihe Ihree preceding descriplions rs applicable 

~6. Revenue powers - Mark (X) the appropriate box(es) to Indicate the means 01 financing 

which are legally available to this unit (whether now used or not). c. Does Ihis districl cover all or pari of any city or cities of 25,000 or more population' 

'l ~ D,slrlcl,wlde properly laxes Ilevred upon assessed valuations) DYes - Ust city or cities-+ 

2[ SpeCial assessmenls based on area, fronl foolage, or value 01 

ONo oroperlr es benefi led by p arll cu lar I mprovemenls 

'[] Charles lor services or sales ~ 1 Name and titre INFORMATION 

40 Granls from olher governments SUPPLIED BY 
~ 4. Annual finances 

- Enter the amounts requested Amount 

belOw for the latest fiscal year for which Informa~ (Omit cents) 

lion is available. 

a. Revenue S Property laxes. 

Charges. 

Siale governmenl grants or aid I 

All other revenue r exclude borrowlngsl -' I b. Expendllure 

Current operations. 

Construction and Improvements 

c. Amounl of long·lerm debl your d/strrct had 

outstanding at Ihe end of Ihe fiscal year S 

~ 5. Fiscal year - Enter the ending dale Month,' day,'year 

of the fiscal year for which the above 

flnancla! data are reported. 

~ 6. ~istrict officials Number 

a. Governing body (board of Iruslees. drrectors. 

etc.) 

I. Number of popularly elecled members. Number 

Z. Number of members, If any, selecled by 

elecled members, appolnled, ex ofllClO, elc. 

b. Does Ihe d/slrrcl have any olher popularly elecled oll/Clals' 

lu No 2;-' Yes 

- SpecUy official/lfles 

.. 

IIJI-- 7. Revenue powers - Mark as many of the following means of finanCing as legally 

avaJiable to this unit (whether now used Of not). 

'::::J D/slrrcl,w/de properly laxes I leVied upon assessed valuationsl 

'i=: SpeCIal assessmenls based on area. fronllootage. 01 value 01 

properties beneflled by parllcular Improvemenls 

3 ~~: Charges for services Of sales 

4.::::' Granls Irom other governmenls 

~ 8, ~istrict area (rough estimate will suffice) Square miles 

a. Amounl of lerrrtory covered by thiS unll, If 

pOSSible to Ihe nearesltenlh of a square mile. 

b. Mark the parllCular Item which describes Ihe area covered 

by Ihls unrl. and suppty Ihe lelaled lacls requested. 

1 .' An area wrlh exactly the same boundaries as one palllCutar county, clly, 

village. borough, town, or township - Specify (hal unit by Its full name. 

2 ."~ An area consisting of two or more entire counties. Specify county names. 

3 - An area that Includes some terrilory In two or more counties" but not 

all of the area In each of them. SpeCify county names. 

4 . None ollhe thlee precedrng descrrptlons IS applICable 

c. Does thrs dlstrrct cover all or pari 01 any City 01 crl,es 0125.000 or 1T10re populatlon l 

Yes - LrSt city Of Cllres ----+ 

No 

Name and trtle 

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240 REPORT FORMS 

FORM 79-A62 ("-7-71;1) 

1979 FARM AND RANCH 

IRRIGATION SURVEY 

COMPLEH AND 

RETURN TO 

NOTE,> 

Bureau of the Census 

120t East Tenth Str •• t 

JeHenonvill., Indiana 47132 

(Please COllect any errof In name Bnd addfess Including ZIP codo) 

Consider as irrigated all land watered by any artificial or 

controlled means - sprinklers, furrows or ditches, spreader 

dikes, etc. Include preplant. partial, supplemental, or semi· 

irrigation. Include irrigation of pastureland, harland, non· 

bearing orchardJand. and cropland from which no crops were 

harvested in 1979. See additional instructions on page'" for selected itemS. 

- Was any land on the farm or 

0'2:3 t 0 YES - Complete items 2 throvgh J4 ond 16 

2 0 NO - Go to item 15 

It ... 2 - ACREAGE IN 1979 None m,,------'--'-'---i 

o. All land owned .. 

b. All land rented or leased from others, including land worked on shares, used rent-free, 

in exchange for services, payments of taxes, etc. Include leased Federal, State, and 

railroad land. (Do not include land used on a per-head basis under 0 grazing permit.) . .... 

o 

o c, All land rented or leased to others, including land worked on shares by others and land subleased. . . . . . . . . . .. 0 

41. TOTAL ACRES IN THIS PLACE - ADD acres owned 0) and acres rented (item b). t~en S.UBTRACT 

Item 3 - LAND USE IN 1979 

Distribute 011 ocr&s in this plac& in column (1) and all irrigated lond in this plan in column (2) 

among H&ms a through d. Jf the some land hod more than one use in 1979, report th(lt land only 

once in the first use listed below that applies. (See page 4 for additional instructions.) 

a. Cropland 

Number 

of acres 

(I) 

None 

Number of acres 

Irrigated In 1979 

(See "Note" aboV9) 

(2) 

(1) Cropland hafvut&d - Include all land from which crops were h(lrvested or hoy was cut, 

and 011 land in orchords, citrus groves, vineyards, and nursery and greenhouse products .. 

(2) Cropland used only for postur& Of grazing - Include rototion posture and grazing f--f-:;-;,,-----+-=-t=;-------i land thor could have beep used for crops without additional improvements . ........•. 

(3) Oth., "opland _ Include cropland used tor cover crops, cropland on which I-t;-----+-=-+=,----1 all crops failed, cropland in cultivated summer follow, and crop/and idle . ........... ~=-h;;.-----+'i:.id 

b. Woodland - Include woodlond pastured and woodland not postured . .................. }.,'==-I--------l"="" 

c. Other pasture-tond and rang&lond -Include aJy pastureland other than crop/aod and woodland posture . 

d. All in house oth&r lots, land -

barn Include lots, here corrals, any ponds, land not roods, reported wasteland, above . . etc. 

Include .................... land . t;l:.:::::JIIIIII &. TOTAL ACRES - Please add the acres reported in items a through d and 

enter total in this space. (Should be the some (IS item 2d above.) 

It.m .4 - How did the number of acres 

number of acr.s irriioted during 

t 0 Much above average (50% or more) 4 0 Below average (20% to 49OJo) 

2 0 Above average (20% to 49%) s 0 Much below average (50% or more) 

! 0 Near average (within 20%) 

It.", 5 - IRRIGATED AND NON.IRRIGATED YIELDS 

FROM SELECTED CROPS HARVESTED 

FROM THIS PLACE IN 1~9 

(See p(lge 4 for additional instructions.) 

a. Field corn for grain or seed ... 

b. Field corn for Sl [age or green chop ... . 

c. Sorghums or mi 10 for grain or seed .... . 

d. Wheat for grain ....... . 

• , Barley for grain ..... . 

f. Soybeans for beans. 

i. Dry field and seed beans 

h. Rice. , ................... . 

i. Other small grains (oats, fye, etc.) . 

j. Alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures for hay 

or dehydrating ....... , .. 

k. Wild or native hay ... , .. 

I. Cotton ..... , ...... . 

D!. Tobacco. all types .. 

ft. Sugar beets for sugar .... . 

o. !rish potatoes ..... . 

,.. Land from which vegetables were 

harvested ... 

q. Land in bearmg and nonbearing fruit 

orchards., ciuus or other groves, 

vIneyards. and nut trees ......... , . 

to All other crops 

None 

Number of times 

irrigation ..... ater 

was applied by -

Nan-irrigated crap 

Average yield 

79-A62 
79-A62 REPORT FORMS 

~ Item 6 _ Did you have to discontinue Irrigation in 1979 long enough to AFFECT crop yields for any of the following reolons? 

o. Shortage of surface water (water from reservoirs, lakes, 

streams, water supply organizations, etc.) .. 

b. Shortage of ground water (lowering water level 

of wells or depletion of ground water) , ... 

c. Irrigation equipment failure .. 

d. Energy shortage 

(1) Diesel ................................ . 

(2) Gasoline .............................. . 

(3) Electricity .................•........... , 

(4) LP gas, butane, and propalle ...... , .. 

(5) Natural gas ............ , ........... . 

e. Poor water quality .......................... . 

f. Loss of Water rights, ........................ . 

g. Ocher Specify 

Yes No 

14700 

'0 

'0 

'0 

-0 

'0 

'0 

70 

'0 

'0 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o I CE~SUS USE O~L • I Ii.. I 

~ Item 7 _ METHOD OF WATER DISTRIBUTION IN 1979 - Report acres irrigated by each type of FIELD distribution system listed below. 

If same land was irrigated by more than one method, report acres irrigated by each method used. 

(See page 4 for additional instructions.) ~--------, 

a. Sprinkler irrigation 

(1) Center pivot ...... , ............ , .............. . 

(2) Mechanical-move - Include both continuous or self-propelled and intermittent 

mechanical move systems such as siderol/, wheel move, end-tow, carriage 

No," ~_...::::.: Acc::.:::.",;.:::.: i"ii=, ... :::..,_...j 

0150 

with trailer lines, rotating boom. and big gun traveler . ......... , . . . .. 0 

(3) Hand move ••••...........•..•..•...•.•.......•••..... 

(4) Solid set and permanent system. , , , , , , , , ' ................... . 

b. Gravity irrigation 

(1) Gated pipe ..•........•................................ 

(2) Open ditch. siphon tubes ..........................•....•.. 

(3) Flooding from underground pipe with valves ..................... . 

(4) Flooding from ditches. canals. dikes. and any other gravity method 

o 

0'" 

o '56 

IS 

(excluding methods reported above). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0 

c, Drip or trlckl. irrigation ................................ . o 'os 

d. Sub irrigation (water applied beneath the ground; maintenance of water tabl;at a Idepm) ................. . 0"" ~ Quantity of water used for irrigation in 1979 Item 8 - ESTIMATED QUANTITY OF WATER USED IN 1979 BY SOURCE 

NOTE - Give your best estimate if measurements are not available. 

(See page" for additional instructions.) 

Report In the unit or units of messull'J most convenient for you. If svers!j/8 8C~f98t cannollJe estlmatfld In column (fJ, give 

combl~'~;;;i"g-~Iry ami duration In colutnm; (2) af'ld (3), 

or roral depth~ 01 _tar applied, In InctHIs, In column (4) 

o. From a well or wells located on operated land ............. . 

b. From an on-farm surface supply not controlled by a water supply 

organization (stream. drainage ditch. lake, pond. spring, 

or reservoir on or adjacent to operated land) .............. . 

c. From off-farm water suppliers (U.s. Bureau of Reclamation: 

irrigation district; mutual. private, cooperative, or, neighborhood 

ditches; convnercial company Of rnJnicipal or c~unity wate;~%-t~) 

~ Item 9 - SELECTED IRRIGATION FACILITIES ON THIS PLACE IN 1979 

Average acre-feet 

per acre irrigated 

One acra-foot CO"'~trS 

one acre 0;7) foot d98p 

,., 110 ,., 

'" '" 

110 

, .. 110 

Gallons of wate applied 

Total gallons 

per minute 

(2) 

",_.~~. of days ...... ~, applied 

(3) 

Total Inches 

applied 

Include all 

applications 

(') 

a~ How many irrigation wells were on this place in 1979, including 

those capable of use, but not used? (Exclude abandoned wells.) {

[=:J None - If none, skip to item 9c 

17, ____ Number of wells -If any. complete item 9b. 

b. Of the number reported in item 9a. how many wells were used in 1979? _____ Number 

Report the following information for each well which was used on this place in 1979 (wells reported in 9b) 

If there are more than nine wells, repon information for nine of the wel/s, then report the average for the remaining wells. 

(1) Well number I. 

(2) We II number 2 

(3) Well number 3 

(4) Well number 4 

(5) Well number 5 

(6) We II number 6 

(7) We II number 7 

(8) We II number B 

(9) Well number 9 

(10) All orner wells. 

F'ORM 711_ ... 02111_7'7111 

1

17' 

I'" 

'" 

I", 

'" 

I'" 

, .. 

1

20 ' 

1'05 

Depth of well 

Feet 

Av ..... 

Depth to water Pumping depth 

(At start of Irrigation season) (Depth to bowls or impellers) 

Feel Feet 

'75 

'" I ISO 

IS' .. , IS' 

ii"7 lIS. I", 

'" I'" '" 

'" '" F 

'" I'·· I'·' 

1'·3 I'·' I'·' 

'.7 1'0'- "..-

I" I'" Av ..... Avo'.,. 

page :z 

Pump capacIty 

(Discharge from ""ell) 

GPM 

Av ..... 

241 
242 REPORT FORMS 

~ltom 9 - SELECTED IRRIGATION FACILITIES ON THIS PLACE IN 1979 - Cont;nuod 

AIo'erage dischiuge 

Number of pumps capacity 

c. Irrigation pumps (other than well pumps) used for- None GPM 

(Report all pumps on [his place whether [hey are in service or no[,) 

(1) Tailwater pits. CJ ~ __________ ~ __________ ~ 

(2) Ponds, lakes. reserVOirs, fivers, etc, . 

(3) To rellft or boost water Within system. 

d. Constructed reservoirs or ponds for storing irrigation water 

on thi s place (Do not Include tallwa[er pits.) 

(1) Area covered when filled to capacity .. 

'" 

_______ Number 

'" ___ ...L..!.I.!.I~O Acres 

~Item 10 - EXPENDITURES IN 1979 FOR IRRIGATION WELLS, PUMPS, EQUIPMENT, AND OTHER 

IRRIGATION FACILITIES ON THIS PLACE 

Report expenditures in 1979 for irrigation facilIties on this place whether made by you or 

someone else. Include !andlord's shore - Give estimates if actual figures are unavailable. 

(See page 4 for add, tiona I instructions.) 

o. Purchase of irrigation equipment and machinery - Include sprinklers, pipes, 

Siphons, nozzles, pumps, motors, and engines at net cost ......... . 

b. New well construction or deepening of existing wells - Include drilling costs, cost of casing, 

and any costs to prepare well for instal/arion of pump. (Do not include cost of pumps and motors.) 

c. Construction or improvement of permanent storage and distribution systems (dams, ponds, 

reservoirs, permanent ditches, canal-s, flumes, etc,). . ....... . 

d. Land clearing and leveling for irrigation purposes 

~ Itom 11 - MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR COSTS FOR IRRIGATION 

EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES ON THIS PLACE IN 1979 

(See poge 4 for odditional insrructions.) 

o. Amount spent for maintenance and repairs of irrigation equipment and facilities In 1979 including 

'" 

Total expenditures 

GENTS NOT REQUIRED 

None I-,=,~, -'O:.::0c.:".:::"::'_---;'r--=c=e":.::"'-! 

CI ~'~ ________ -L __ ~ 

[J ~.~ ________ ~ __ ~ 

'" 

[":1 

GENTS NOT REQUIRED 

None I-_-'O"o,,""'''.:.'_---;,--''-Co:::":.::'''--! 

maintenance of on-farm ditches. Include landlord's shore - Give estimate if actual figures are unavailable. [J 

~ Item 12 _ ENERGY USE ON THIS PLACE IN 1979 FOR PUMPING IRRIGATION 

WATER BY POWER SOURCE -Include fuel adJuscmenr'_'_os_'_' ____ r-_______ -. _________ .-_____ -1 

(See page 4 for additional instructions.) Number of wells or 

pumps powered by 

type of energy used 

Total cOSt of 

fuel used 

GENTS NOT REQUIRED Amount of energy used by type of fuel 

Acres irrigated by 

type of energy used 

None~-----------+--~o~O~JJ~'~"----+C~e~"~"~----------------~~~--------~ n, '" o. Electricity. 1:1 

'" b. Natural gas. [-I 

c. LP gas, propane, or butane. CI 

'" d. Diesel fuel (- I 

251 

e. Gasoline. [-J 

~ Itom 13 _ WATER RECEIVED FROM OFF-FARM IRRIGATION WATER SUPPLIERS IN 1979 

(U.S. Bureau of Reclamation; irrigation districts; mutual, pflvate, cooperatIve or 

neighborhood ditches; commercial company, municipal, or community water system) 

'" 

'" 

'" 

a. How much water was received? ______ Acre-feet 

b. Total cost of water recei",ed - Include 011 

asseSSments, fees, or charges paid [a water suppliers 

c. Number of acres irrigated WIth water received. 

~ IIem 14 _ OTHER IRRIGA TlON USES ON THIS PLACE IN 1979 

...... 2S7 $ _____ _ 

Was IHigatlon used for any of the following secondary purposes? 

a. AppliCatIon of commercial fertilizer matenals 

b. Appllcatiol"l of chemicals to control insects or nematodes .. 

c. ApplicatIon of chemIcals to control weeds, grasses, or brush 

d. Application of chemICals to control diseases In crops and orchards 

e. Prevent freeze damage .. 

f. Crop cooling to delay early buodlng or bloomIng. 

g. Other land disposal of liquid livestock waste, leaching, etc. Specify 

Par.e 3 

Dollars only 

Acres 

Kilowatthours 

Thousand 

cubic feet 

'" Gallons 

Gallons 

Gallons 

None Acres on which applied 

(-I 

[~I 

'" 

[I 

'" 

[] 

'" 

[I 

'" 

n 

'" 

0 

79-A62 
79-A62 REPORT FORMS 

~ Item 15 _ Wal any land Irrigated on this place in 1978? Do not answer this item if you irrigated any land in 1979. 

'" I DYES - Answer a anJ b below 

20 NO - Go to item 16 

a. Reason for discontinuing irrigation in 1979 - Mark (X) any of the following that apply, 

270 

10 Sufficient soil moisture - no irrigation needed 

2 D Shortage of surface water (water from reservoirs. 

lakes, streams, water supply organizations, etc.) 

30 Shortage of ground water (lowering water level 

of wells or depletion of ground water) 

• 0 Irrigation uneconomical due to high fuel and 

power costs and/or low commodity prices 

50 Irrigation equipment failure 

6 0 Loss of water rj ghts 

7 0 Other - Specify ___________________ _ 

b. Do you consider your discontinuance of irrigation to be permanent? 

, DYES 

'DNO 

~ Itom 16 - PERSON COMPLETING THIS FORM - PI •••• pdn, 

Name 1 D.,. Telephone 

jArea code lNumber 

ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS 

NOTE: In completing this form, if exact figures are not available, give your best estimate. 

An estimate is more useful than an omitted answer. 

Item 3 - Land Use and Irrigated Land Uses in 1979 

All acres "In This Place" must be distributed among the land use 

categories in item 3. Each acre "In This Place" should be reported 

only once, in the first category that applies. 

Similarly. for each category of Land Use, report the acres irrtgated tn 

1979. in the appropriate category. 

Report all cropland. pastureland. and rangeland watered by artificial 

means at any time during 1979. In addition to fully irrigated land, report 

as irrigated any lands to which supplemental water was applied. This 

may be considered a~ partial. supplemental, or semi-irrigation. Also 

include any acreage which received only preplant irrigation (watered 

before planting). Haylands. pasture land, or rangeland should be reporte.d 

as irrigated if spring flood water is spread by canals, ditches, spreader 

dikes, pipes, or other works. 

Item 5 - Irrigated and Han-Irrigated Crop Yields 

For each crop harvested, ~eport separately the acres and average yield 

from irrigated land and non-irrigated land. 

Report harvested crops as irrigated if any water was artificially applied 

either before planting or during the crop growing season in 1979. Report 

the crop as irrigated if water was applied to supplement rainfall even if 

the amount of water applied was not sufficient to obtain maximum yields. 

Item 7 - Method of Water Distribution 

This item refers to the method used to spread the Water over the land. 

Report the acres of land irrigated by each type of field distribution 

system listed. Do not confuse the delivery system used to convey water 

from the source to the field with the field distribution system. 

Item 8 - Quantity of Water Used 

Three methods of reporting estimated quantity of water used have been 

provided on the report form. Use anyone of the methods shown. 

Remember, if actual measurements are unavailable, give your best 

estimate. 

Remarks 

CENSUS USE ONLY I

'" 

Average acre-feet - Thts method is often used by operators who 

get water from Irrigation distrIcts or other irrigation organlzattons. 

The acre-feet used may be shown on the water bill. 

Gallons pumped and duration - ThiS method IS ohen used by 

operatOrs who pump their water from wells. By reporting the 

combined discharge capacity of all the well pumps and the duratton 

of the pumping season we can compute the total quantIties of 

water applied. 

Total depth in inches - This method is often preferred by operators 

using sprinkler systems. Sum the inches applted tn each irrigation 

to a total. If inches applied for each Irrigation are unknown. use 

an average. 

Item 10 - Irrigation Expenditures 

Report expenditures made in 1979 for the construction of irrigation 

facilities and purchase of irrigation equipment and machinery on this 

place. Include estimates of expenditures made by or shared with others 

(landlords, government agenctes, etc.). Report cost of maIntenance and 

repairs in item II. 

Item 11 - Maintenance and Repair Cost 

Report all expenses in 1979 for keeping IrrigatIon equtpment and facilities in working order. Include expenses for tune-ups, od changes. and 

repairs to pumps, motors, pipe, canals. sprinkler systems, etc. Also 

indude expenses for ditch and canal cleanout. 

Item 12 - Energy Use for Irrigation Pumping 

Report both the expenditure for fuel and power and the amount used 

in 1979 for irrigation pumping on this place. Include in the cost figures 

any additional charges by the power of fuel suppliers such as the "fuel 

adjustment charge" or any other type of additional charge ..... htch is based 

on the amount of power or fuel purchased. Again, give best estimates 

if actual figures. are not available. 

\284 

243 
244 REPORT FORMS 79·A62·L1 

79·A62·L 1 

(9·79) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

FROM THE DIRECTOR 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Washington. D.C. 20233 

OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR 

Reply to: 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

1201 EAST TENTH STREET 

JEFFERSONVILLE, INDIANA 47132 

You and others receiving this form have been selected to participate in a nationwide farm 

anr ranch irrigation survey that is a part of the 1978 Census of Agriculture. A statistical 

sample of farms is being used in order to save money and reduce the reporting burden 

on the farmer. 

The information furnished will provide current data about irrigation not presently 

available from other sources. Special problems currently encountered in farm and ranch 

irrigation in the form of rising fuel and power expenses and, in some areas dwindling ground 

water reserves, will make the information obtained from this survey more important than 

ever before. 

Some of the questions asked may not apply to you and can be skipped by following the 

instructions printed on the form. IF EXACT FIGURES ARE NOT AVAILABLE, PLEASE 

GIVE YOUR BEST ESTIMATES. 

Your response to this inquiry is required by law {title 13, United States Code). By the same 

law, your report to the Bureau of the Census is confidential. It may be seen only by sworn 

Census employees and may be used only for statistical purposes. 

It is necessary to receive a form from you. The sample has been drawn by statistical 

sampling procedures and substitution cannot be made. PLEASE COMPLETE AND 

RETURN YOUR REPORT WITHIN 20 DAYS in the enclosed preaddressed envelope. 

However, if compliance within the time period would cause an undue burden, a request 

for extension may be sent to the above address. Include the 11·digit Census File Number 

(CFN) as shown in your address label on all correspondence to us. 

Sincerely, 

VINCENT P. BARABBA 

Enclosures 
79-A62-L2A REPORT FORMS 

79-A62-L2A 

(1-801 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Many farmers and ranchers across the Nation have already completed and returned their 

reports for the 1979 Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey. If you have already done so, we 

appreciate your promptness and thank you for it_ 

If you have not completed and returned your report, please do so within the next couple 

of days. Since the farms in this survey were drawn by lot in a selected cross-section sample 

of all irrigated farms, the lack of data for any selected farm will be harmful to the accuracy 

of the results. It is highly important that we receive a report from everyone in the sample. 

If you did not conduct any agricultural operations or did not irrigate in 1979, it is equally 

important for us to hear from you. Please complete the appropriate items in the first and 

last sections of the report and return it to us immediately so that further followups can 

be eliminated. In case your report has been lost or mislaid, we are enclosing another copy 

for your use. A preaddressed envelope is also enclosed for your convenience. 

If you have any questions about this report, please write to us at the above address. On all 

correspondence to us, please include the Census File Number (CFN) appearing in the upper 

left-hand corner of the address label on your report form. 

Thank you for your cooperation. 

~~~ RICHARD B. QUANRUD 

Enclosures 

245 
246 REPORT FORMS 79-A62-L3A 

79-A62-L3A 

(4-80) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

F ROM THE ASSISTANT DI RECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

We have not received your completed report form for the 1979 Farm and Ranch Irrigation 

Survey. If you mailed your report within the last several days, it has probably crossed this 

letter in the mail. Please disregard this reminder and accept our thanks for your 

cooperation. 

If you have not completed and returned your report, please do so immediately. We must 

have your report if the survey results for your State and the Nation are to be accurate 

and complete. 

Your response is COMPLETEL Y CONFIDENTIAL by law (title 13, United States Code). 

I f you have any questions on how to fill out the report form, please write to us at the 

above address using the reverse side of this letter. 

Sincerely, 

~P~ RICHARD B. QUANRUD 

NOTICE - In compliance with the Privacy Act (P.L. 93579) of 1974, we are required 

to inform you that response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, U:lited States 

Code). By the same law YOUR REPORT TO THE CENSUS BUREAU IS CONFIDENTIAL. It may be seen only by sworn Census employees and may be used only 

for statistical purposes. Your report CANNOT be used for purposes of taxation, 

investigation, or regulation. The law also provides that copies retained in your files 

are immune from legal process. 
79-A62-L4A REPORT FORMS 

79-A62-L4A 

(4-80) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Your completed report for the 1979 Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey still has not been 

received. We are under a very tight schedule and need your report right away. If you have 

not returned your completed report, please complete and return it to us immediately in the 

preaddressed envelope provided. In case you mislaid the previous report form, we have 

enclosed another copy for your use. 

Response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, United States Code). Let me assure 

you once more that your individual response is COMPLETEL Y CONFIDENTIAL by law. 

Your answers will be combined with those of other respondents to produce State and 

national totals. 

Each address in our mailing list has a different Census File Number (CFN) and each has to 

be accounted for. If you received several forms with different CFN numbers for the same 

farming operation, mark the extra forms "Duplicate" and return them with your completed 

report, or separately if your completed report has crossed with this request in the mail. 

If you did not conduct any agricultural operations in 1979, it is equally important to hear 

from you. Please complete the first and last sections of the report form and return it to us 

immediately so that further followups will not be necessary. 

Sincerely, 

~~~ RICHARD B. QUANRUD 

Enclosures 

IMPORTANT -In all correspondence, please include the 11-digit Census File Number 

(CFN) shown in the address label of your report form. 

247 
248 REPORT FORMS 79-A62-L5 

79-A62-L5 

(3-80) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

PlUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Many farmers and ranchers have already completed and returned their report form for the 

1979 Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey. If you have done so, please accept our thanks for 

your prompt cooperation. 

If you have not completed your report form, please note that it is due 20 days from receipt. 

Your cooperation will help ensure that the urgently needed results from this survey will be 

available at the earliest possible date. 

Sincerely, 

RICHARD B. QUANRUD 
79-A62-L6A 

79-A62-L6A 

17-80) 

FROM THE AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

At this time our records still indicate we have not received your completed report for the 

1979 Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey. We realize that this is an extremely busy time of 

year for you, but the importance of the information being collected and the need for early 

publication make it imperative that an immediate reply be received. 

This survey is being conducted in order that farmer organizations, State and Federal 

agencies, and others will have more recent and comprehensive data for making decisions 

that will affect you and other farm operators. Without your report the results of this survey 

will not be as reliable as intended. It is to everyone's interest that decisions made in regard 

to land and water resources be based on the most reliable data available. 

If you have not already done so, please take a few minutes and complete the report form 

you received several weeks ago, and mail it to us immediately. This will help assure reliable 

results from this survey and reduce the cost of further followups. To help save time, or if 

your records are not easily accessible, you may use estimates in completing this report. 

If you do not think the report form pertains to your operation, please complete as much 

of the report as possible and return it along with an explanation so that we will be able 

to process your return. 

If you have questions on how to complete the report, please write to us at the above address 

using the reverse side of this letter. 

Thank you for your cooperation. 

Sincerely, 

~/oL?~~ ARNOLD L. BOLLENBACHER 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

,249 
250 REPORT FORMS 79-A35 

DUE DATE' 20 DAYS AFTER RECEIPT OF FORM 

NOTICE - ReSPO~Se to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, U.S. Code). _~Y ;he I 18:' YOUR ~~~~ FORM 79-A35 U.S. DEPARTME"'T OF COLtMERCE 

TO THE CENSUS BUREAU IS CONFIDENTIAL. It may be seen only by sworn \ 12·7~1~) 

BUR.EAU OF THE C£N~U' 

used only tor statistical purposes. Your :cport CANN,OT be used fO~ r~~uons:~r l·~:~~fii~~~~f:'s regu[at!O~. The law also P~~~I-d~;-that copies retained In your tHes are mmune from legal 

~~"'"' 'ii, N",'~~?~~"~~',:o,:,;;~ ~~: " .... "t" to th, II-dl,,, 1979 FARM ENERGY SURVEY 

COMPLETE ANO RETURN T02 .1~~~;~~:~1~~i,"lr:~t 47132 

Not e .! Plen. r.ad the Inlhuctlon Shut befar. compleUn. th. farm. 

A RESPONSE IS NEEDED FROM YOU regardless or how small your farm or 

how !lUte fuel was used. This survey will provide estimates of on-farm energy usage tor the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Energy. other State and Federal agencies and farmer organizations. Only a sma!! number of farms are Included in the survey to represent gasoline, diesel fuel, electricity, and other energy consumption for all farmers in the United States. ThiS information will help to ensure lhat more accurate. timely alloca- tions of fuel are made available. II you no longer oper8te a farm, please complete section 1 and explain in REMARKS section, page 4, what has 

~::~~eJdr~sst,~n~l:e~~ph~~eo~~~~r~ in 1976, and give the new operator's 

CENSUS USE 1°35 1° 36 I"' 1

0

(Pleaso correct altars In naIIIG, address, and ZIP codo.) " 

SECTION 1 ACREAGE IN 1979 SECTION 1 SINCE 1974, HAVE YOU STARTED USING ANY OF THE FOLLOWING 

If the Beres you opllrBted In 1979 changed during the yeor, refsl to the PRACTICES IN ORDER TO CONSERVE ENERGY? INSTRUCT/ON SHEET, wetlon 1. 

Report land owned, rented, Of used by you, your spouse, or by the partnership, 

i DOES 

corporation, or organizatIOn for which you are reporting. Include ALL LAND, YES NO NOT 

REGARDLESS OF LOCATION DR USE - ClOp land, pastureland, APPLY 

rangeland, woodland, Idle land, house lots, etc. None Nembel of ams 1. Reduced tillage practices. .,10$°'0 : 'Ll ! 'U 

l. All land oWlled i~1 0" 2. Reduced fertilizer use 10Sl,0: '0 ! '0 

2. All land rented Of leased FROM OTHERS, including land worked by 3. Reduced Ifllgatton .Ios,,[] : '0 "0 you on shares, used ft:!n! free, In exchange ror serVices, payment 

of laxes, etc. Include leased Federal, State, and [,I\\road land. 4. Reduced hot water temperature .1 0

",0 : ',:.1 '0 I DO NOT !llclude: land used on a per-head basis Wider a grazing ". .10$',[.1 : 'D '0 perml!.) 0 5. Increased vehicle maintenance 

3. All land rented 01 !e:ased TO OTHERS, Includmg !and worked on o<s 6_ Converted from gas to dIesel tractor loss,o : '0 '[J shares by others and land subleased 0 7. Installedadditlonal buildwg insulation. "',0 ' '0 '0 4. ACRES IN THIS PLACE - ADD ams owned (item 1) and '" 1°",0 : '["I '[.I acres ren!ed Idem 2), then SUBTRACT acres rented TO 8. Reduced cooling and healing in farm buildings 

OTHERS (Item 3). and enter the resullln thiS space. • 9.lnslalled solar energy eqUIpment Ira;D : '0 ! 'CI 

F(J( this C(lns.us (ltport theso are the "ACRES IN THIS PLACE." t 10. Other practices - Spec/l~ "',0 : '0 'U If IhC! ontry IS zero, plo{]so roler 10 tho INSTRUCTION SHEET, section 1. 

SECTION 3 ENERGY t'YO"UII UKt, AND USAGE DURING 1979 

PleeS{) onter /otol oxpend/-

lures whether for farm Expenditures EstImated percent 01 purchases lor - Estlmaled amounl purchased 10 1979 - Amount business, housohold or dUllng1979 po(sonal use, or lor work purchased Household dono for other farms. dUllng1979 and Work on Work done on From January 1 From Aprll 1 From July 1 From October 1 

Ooll", ~ Ceo" personall!se this place other farms to March 31 to June 30 to September 30 to December 31 

"'"". 0" , 1°" 05' 1

05 ' 060 065 0" I'" 1068 

1. Gasoline I-I S , Gal. % Q& , " Gal. Gal. Gal. Gal. 

"n 0" on on 1°" "5 0" I'" I'" 2. Gasc!hol liS Gat. " " " Gal. Gal. Gal. Gal. 

oso 1

081 os, os, 0 .. 065 086 1°" 1

088 3. DIesel [I \ , Gal. " o~ " Gal. Gal. Gal. Gal. 

4. LP gas, bulane. 090 , 0" 092 093 09. 095 0" 1°" 109' and propane (LPG) , 

, I4.Slbs. Igallonl : I I , Gal. 0-0 % ~o Gal. Gal. Gal. Gal. 

,00 , 

, ", ,,, 10' '0' os 10' ", ", 5. Fuel 0\1 , S , 

, Gal. " % ~o Gal. Gal. Gal. GaL 

110 , '" ;~~1;. " '" ,:{{,'{,}', " ;:.o~;. I" '" ;-:0,;. " 6.tlalufalgas I~ I \ : z~.o,;. Thou. ~, " cu.ft. 

,20 , 12' " 12' '" '" 12, 

7. e(Jal 1:,ls ': Tons % " [?"rrf~ Tons Tons Tons Tons 

"0 , '" " '" ::,:":":::,,:,,,:,:,,,:,:,,: ":':"'" ',:,:i' '"""",:,;,i,,, 8. E!eclrlcdy U S , kWh % ~;, ,}tt~i/fi~ t , 

fOO 

: i:''::': ""i:i' I [l:'I' :;{if}'?::: 9. KecQsene " I S , {( i:::~{ :::::: )J i'i{' ~}f:::{ ,. I 150 , ,i,iitt{~ ,ii'i', IO.f/.ojr)roi! , rr :; : ",:,:, 

.%dgfe::lSe ,S 'i'i'i'i ({ i/ 11. Other wood. '" , i(? :;' 'i'iiii:::::i} t I 'J:::'t?i:'}} i"}' coke, etc. : \ , i,i:i:',' "'f'i'i'i:i":""':i'i:i"'~" 

ISECTION 4 CAPACITY OF FUEL STORAGE FACILITIES AND FUEL INVENTORIES SECTION 5 SOURCE OF FUELS USED DURING 1979 

ON THIS PLACE AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1979 

Include llbovf)- iITld IAaxllnulTlsiorage oa/ow-ground slorago C3pl.lCIly on this place How filii were these tanks on December 31, 1979 7 and pOf/ablo tankS. Mark (X) ono Answer both qlJf)s/lons DurIng 1979 was your During 1979 did you on D('c~mber 31. 19/9 lor each 01 tho 

following fuels ~ principal source or have fuel delivered 

I No", : G,IIoos Lm thM 20" 20-39", 40-59". 60-)"" 80-100% None supply a farm Co-op? tothls;lace? 

," '" 1. Gasoline .i.J "'~I Yes '[I No II'('~I y" 2 L] No l. Gas0ime I ' : 'i: 'U '1:1 'f:] S[J 

'" " ," 'II '" '[.I No I'" 2. Gasohol '1:1 '1.:1 4 ! ~ i 51::-] 1. Gasohol. .. [I '[.I Yes , [.I y" '1=1 No 

3. D'e~el fuel "', ,n 

'i I ,f:] '[:1 ,I] ~ 3. Diesel fuel. ·CJ ','[::t y" 'UNo ,[lY" '[lNo 

4. LPC ".0 : fe' I'" ,1:.1 ':, 'r: I ':~I 'u 4. LPG .. .... ... u ~2Yes 'LINo 1 "'0 Yos 'CI No 

5_ foel (!II '" j "" I'" ,_; ,r:1 'i.J of~1 sU 5. Fuel 011. ····0 ';9 Y" 'ONo 1 ','C] Yos '[J No 
79-A35 REPORT FORMS 

SECTION 6 During 1979 was any CUSTOMWORK DONE BY OTHERS on Ihe acres 

in this place tOl a fee or in exchanRe for other work? Cus!omwork IS 

3 serVice such as plowIng, p!an!Jng, 01 harvestrng for whIch both 

operator and machInery alc provided 

SECTION 7 During 1979 did you perform any CUSTOMWORK FOR OTHERS for 

a fee Of in exchange lor other work? Customwork IS a service 

such as plOWing, planting, or harvesting for which both 

operator and machinery are provided. 

006 

I (- \ YtS - Comp/ete thllt section I l! YES - Complere tfll, uctlon 

2 l~ J NO - Go to sec/{on 7 2' : NO - Go 10 section 8 

En/fit /110 acros In this placo on wllleh Iflo following 

servlCos we{e performed t1y olOOrs dUflng 1979 for fJ 

fee 01 In Ql<clwnge for O/nef WO(.I( • Tolal acres for whlchEnter the aCtOS IOf which you performed {hf] 

follOWing services fOf Olhers dl.J[!ng 1979 lor 

il leo Of III excNJnge for orNir wOlk . 

You provIded 

fuel 

You did not provide fuel 

1. SOil preparation - plOWing, dlSklog, ele 1-;20'02;----*'''----11. Soli preparation - plOWing, olsklng, etc. 

Z. Planting. ~,----t,-c-----IZ, Planting 

3. CulllvatIng, Including summer fallow .. 1-:::-:-___ +=-___ ---13. Cultivating, Including summer fallow. 

4. PestiCide, herbiCide, and 'or fertilizer application 1-:::-,-___ +,..,--___ ---14. Pesllclde, herbiCide, and or fertl!lzer application 

5. Harvesting - Exclude silo filling. 5. Harvesting - Exclude Silo /,I/,ng. 

SECTION 8 Were any WHEEL TRACTORS used on this p!ace during 1979? 

INCLUDE: Tractors which you owned, umted, less ed, owned In pSftMfSlllp, Of were proll/ded by your lertdlord. 

EXCLUDE: Any tractors wlllch were provided by a custom operatOi for actlvWru covered in sllct/on 6 srtd eU 

trsctors not used during 1979, eVlln though they .... ere on tills place. 

oos 1 (_! YES - Complete tills $ltct/on 

2[_ i NO - Go 10 ssclion 9 

220 

Enter the numbel of tractors used dUring 1979. ____ Number 

Complele one line fOf <?Elch traclor. If you novo more Ifliln 10, please use thO REMARKS section, {JiIge ~. 

Year of 

manufacture 

PrinCIpal type of fuel used Mark (X) ons PTO horsepower range Mark (X) OfTe 

LPG Less 

than 40 40-59 60-79 80-99 . 100-119 : 120-159 160-199 

2SO 

255 

22' 

'il 

", IU 

256 

q':::-l 

I [J 

266 

'U 

I[] 

211 3Li 

252 

3[1 tl! 

'[I 

SECTION 9 Were any MOTOR TRUCKS, INCLUDING PICKUPS used on this place during 1979 for Ihe farm business? 

009 

INCLUDE: Trucks which you owi7&d, rlmted, leased, owrtfJd In partnership, or were provided by your JSf'ldlorri. 

EXCLUDE: Any trucks whlcll were provld~ by a custom operator for work covered In sfJctlon 6. 

1 C1 YES - Campier. this section 

zl:J NO - Go to section 10 

300 

Ertter the numbe! of trucks used dUring 1979. ____ Number 

Complete one line for each/rucK. If you hllve more then 10, ploese I,fse 1110 REMARK.S section, page 4. 

'" 

'30 

335 

'" 

,so 

Year of 

manufacture Gasoline 

or gasohol 

'" 'D 

'" 

'" '0 

' 0 

'0 

'Cl 

'0 

PrinCipal type of fuel used MarK (X) one 

Diesel 

2 0 

2 0 

LPG 

'[J 

'el 

,[] 

'eJ 

Gross load capaoillty Mark (X) one 

PICKUPS 

less than I Ion 

I ton but less : 2 tons but less 

than 2 I thanS 

'12 

'0 

'el 

'L] 

'el 2L.l 

'CI 

'0 352 

'0 PaRe 2 

'I. 

'[I 

Stons 

andover 

'l~J 

'l:J 

'CI 

zoo and 

'0 

'CI 

Tolal acres for whlchYou provided 

fuel 

You did not 

provIde fuel 

2" 

Estimated hours used 

durtng1979 

On this 

place 

", 

'" 

On other 

larms 

Estlmated mileage during 1979 

BUSiness associated 

with thiS p!ace 

Persona! Jnd 

non·farm use 

30, 

'18 

'2< 

326 

'" 

'" '" 

'" 

'5< 

251 
252 REPORT FORMS 

SECTION 10 We ... ny SELF-PROPELLED GRAIN OR BEAN COMBINES usod on this pl.", during 19791 SECTION 13 .Was ony OTHER SELF-PROPELLED EQUIPMENT usod on this plac. 

during 19791 

''0 

INCLUDE: S.'f.prOfM"H coml'M".. wh/clt you owned, renr.d. ,,,.H, 

ownHf In IM,rn.raftlp, 01 .. .,. provld«J by your laM/loni. 

EXCLUDE: Any .. 1I.prope,," combl".. Plow-Id" "y • cual'om operator 

for wo'* co_rM In section S, 

1 0 YES - COlrfJ'.r. IlIJa •• ctlon 

2: Cl NO - Go to soc/Ion 11 

Enter the number 01 combr nes used. _____ Number 

Comp/ola 000 1100 for e8C~ combine, /I you oove fTIOff.l than five, 

ploese lise th(} REMARKS sac/lOn, page 4, 

Year 

01 

manufacture 

390 

SECTION 11 

Type 01 fuel used Mark (X) ono 

3" 

'0 

.. , 

, [] 

'I 

." 

'I 

4" 'I~ 

Number 

ofro ..... s 

'" '[1 ,[] 

.02 

2[1 3[::1 

2 [~I 'iJ 

2[j 'CJ 

432 

2[1 3[j 

Size Estimated acres 

combined during 1979 

I 1 393 

IOT1 

394 395 

1 1 403 '04 405 

:or: 

1 1<113 

lOr I , 424 

:Or: 

lOr :433 

Were any AUTOMOBILES used in (onnection with the farm business 

during 19797 INCLUOE: Any sufomDbllelJ which YOII awned, rented, IHaad, 

owned In plJrtnemhlp, or we,. pro'fldfKI by )'0" lendlord. 

I Cl YES - Ctlmplete thll aeer/on 

z [J NO - Go /0 sec/Ion 12 

Enter the number of automobiles used ." ____ Number 

Complole one line lOf oact! aUlomobllo. If you have more (han live, 

plofJse usa tho REMARKS sect/on, p8ge 4. 

Year Eslimated mileage during 1979 for01 manufacture The farm bUSiness Personal use 

'" 

'" 

INCLUDE: Any •• 'f'fJ~II" ~Ulp1Mnl which you owned, re"t.d, ' .... d, owrred In "..rme"ftlp. or _. prot/ld" lIy your landlord. 

EXCLUDE: Any •• II'fJ~II.d ~ulp""nl ",hlelt .... prov/d" by. 

cuatom o"..,.ro, arJd con",d In alfCtlon 6, 

013 '0 YES - Comple'" 'h' •.. ctlan 

2: [J NO - Go to soctlon 14 

Enter the number of other self-prQpelied machines used. ____ Number 

From the list bolow enter the type of self-propolled &qulpment, correspondlflg code, 

type of fuel used, model year, alld acres covered. If you havo mOle than 10, pleatJe 

usc the REMARKS section, page 4. 

Estimated acres 

Type of fuel used Year onwhlch used 

Mark (X) 000 01 during 1979 Type of machinery Code manu- I I eppllcablo 

Gasollnel. I facture On thiS On other or (Diesel ( LPG place farms gasohol ( r 

'" 5" , [] 2el 3CJ 

52' 52J 

'Ci 2CI 3e1 

525 52' , 'CI 2Ci 13[] 

53' 53' 534 , [~l 2el 3[] 

535 '" 5" '" "9 'Ci 2[J 3[] 

540 '" ,[] 2L] 3[J 

546 

3 [] (549 

'0 20 1 

55' 5" 553 (554 

'0 2[] 3[] 1 , 

(559 

'Cl 2[] : 3[J , 

1 56' 

: 3[J 

(564 

'0 2el 1 

Type of rnllchlnery Code Type 0' machinery Code 

Forage har .... ester . 901 Colton stripper. 905 

Windrower. 902 Self-propelled sprayer. 90' 

Front end loader {~xc!ude Crawler tractor (including tractor attachments). 903 bulldozers). 907 

Cotton picker. 90. Other - Specify abovo . 'OS 

SECTION 14 Were .ny ELECTRIC MOTORS OVER ONE HORSEPOWER (EXCLUDING IRRIGATION PUMPS) used on this p~ce during 19791 

SECTION 12 Were any IRRIGATION PUMPS (INCLUDE WELL AND SURFACE 

PUMPS) used on this pl.ce during 19791 

\ l- I YES - Complete this eect/on 

zr:1NO -GoloS8ctlon13 

INCLUOE: Motors used for ventilation fans, compressors, "'(rl~ratlon, etc. 

014 1 [~ YES - C~/ete thle sectlOil 

z 0 NO - Go 10 seclion 15 

How many irrlgalion pumps were used on 

thiS place that were operated by- Number of well 

~a:,:nd:..s:.:u:.:rl:..ac:.:e:.:pu:..m:;.p:..s -+5::-::'''-' A_c_re_s_Ir_rt_Ea_te_d_-I Enter the total number of molors over 

1. ElectriCIty. soo 1 horsepower used on thiS place in 1979. ____ Number 

~------~~-----; 2. Natural gas. 

S04 

3. LPG .. 

4. Diesel 

so, Of the motors used, how 

10.;-----+.5"''';------1 many were over 5 horsepower? .. 

5. Gasotlne 01 gasohol. 

SECTION 15 Were any CROP DRYING OR TOBACCO CURING FACILITIES used on Ihis pl.ce during 19797 

EXCLUQE: Air drlfKI tolMlcco, crib dried com, and other crops which were drlfKIlISlng no energy for heat 01 air circulation. 

01S \ j _ I YES - Complete this sact/on 

2 [J NO - Go 10 sec/Ion 16 

1. For each type of crop dried, enter amount dried, 

and average pOInts of moisture removed. 

2. From the lrst below enter the type of system used, 

corresporx1ingcode, Iype of crop dued,and energy 

IJsedashealsoUlce. 

Type of ..,.ttm Cod, 

In-bin. 910 

Contlnuou:!. now .. '" Balch. ,12 

ReclrcuJatlnl/. 913 

Tobacco '" FO~'" 7Q_,o,3S 112·7_7\1, 

Crops 

. Corn 

Soybeans 

To",cco 

Other - Sp8Clly 

Type 01 syslem 

." 

1594 

Bo.

1595 

I'" 

'" Bu. 

1

00 ' 

Bo. 

I'" Bo. 

Crop dried 

Matk (X} es fOOny 8S epply 

Code Corn i Soybeans! Tobacco : s~~~i,ry 

I[] ,[] 30 

,[] 2[] 30 ". ,[] 20 3[] 

." , [~ 20 3D 

PaRe 3 

None 

50' ____ Numbel 

% 

....". 

.. 

Type of energy used as heat source Mark (XI Mark (XI 000 ,I 

Fuel 011 : I Natural I Solar forced LPG 1 ,as 1 heat air only ." ,[] 20 30 40 '0 

'" '" 'D 20 3CJ '0 ,[] 

'" '" 'C] 2[] '0 .[] '0 632 

'0 2[] '0 '0 '0 

79-A35 
79-A35 REPORT FORMS 

SECTION 16 Were any NON-RESIDENTIAL FARM BUILDINGS HEATED OR AIR CONDITIONED during 19791 

EXCLUDE: Buildings which went vDntllat&d only. 

! L-t YE.S - Cornpiote this ,ocrlon 

2 ( - I NO - Go 10 section 77 

1. Enter Iype of bUilding and code 

from IIsl below, whether healed or 

3lfcondltloned,aodenereYSQUfCe 

lor heahng O[ tin cond!lloOlng. 

Typo of building Code 

Beef cattle. .. 915 

Dairy .. ..916 

SWine. .917 

Poull/y. '18 

WOlkshop. .919 

Greenhouse. .920 

Other-SpoClfy fli fight. 921 

Type of bUilding Code 

17 Were any HOT WATER FACILITIES USED in any farm buildings on this place during 1979 to proV'ide waler for sanitation (equipment sterilization, cleaning, etc.)? 

017 650 

1\ IYES-Mark{X)energysouTce_ 11 LPG 2[- Naluralgas 3' 'Electllclty 

21 I NO - Go 10 secllor. 18 

SECTION 18 CROPS GROWN ON THIS PLACE OURING 1979 

ReIer to the INSTRUCTION SHEET, section 18. 

Entor 1/10 numbor of acres planled, harvesled, and 

Illigated, and IIld/cale Ihe estlmaled gross vlJluo 

of sllles lor eaclJ 01 the follOWing ClOpS. 

L GRAINS - Include com lor gfain, glUIn 

sorghums, rice, wheal and olher smull 

grUlns, soybeans, dry beans, dry peas 

and cowpees, I/a)(seoo, sunflower seed, 

popcorn, and safflower 

None 

Z. COTTON. 

3. T08ACCO 

4. FIELD SEEDS, GRASS SEEDS, 

HAY, FORAGE AND SILAGE. : I 

5. VEGETA8LES, SWEET CORN, AND 

MELONS FOR SALE. Do not mclude 

IrlSI) potatoes, Of sweotpolalOOS, 

Include I/)etn in Item 7 below. 

6. FRUITS, NUTS, 8ERRIES -

Apples, peacnes, grapes, cllms, 

pecans, strawberries, etc. 

7. OTHER CROPS - Peanuls, Irish 

potatoes, swee!potatoes, sugarcane, 

sugar beets, min! lor oil, hops, etc. [1 

8. NURSERY AND{a. Acres" open. . L.l GREENHOUSE and or 

PRODUCTS b. Square feet under protectloll ! _I 

19 

Number of 

acres 

planted 

,,1979 

Refer to the INSTRUCTION SHEET, section 19. 

Indicate estimated gross value of sales. 

1. Cattle and ca!ves .. 

2. Hogs and pigs. 

3. Dairy products. 

4. Poultry and poultry products 

5. Other livestock and livestock products - Sheep. horses, 

bees, honey, fish In capttvlty, etc •. 

Number of 

acres 

harvested 

,,1979 

Number of 

acres 

Hflgated 

,,1979 

253 

4 i - ~ Fuel 011 5 I I Coal 61: Sol;)( Othel 

Estimated gross value of sales dUllng !979 

, 

, 'U 3U 

, 

, 

, 

, ,[1 30 , 01 
254 REPORT FORMS 79·A35·L 1A 

79·A35·L 1A 

(12·79) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Washington, D.C. 20233 

FROM THE DIRECTOR 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR 

Reply to: 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

1201 EAST TENTH STREET 

JEFFERSONVILLE, INDIANA 47132 

As a result of the current concern about the supply of energy needs for the farming sector, 

the Bureau of the Census is conducting a farm energy survey covering the year 1979. 

The information has been requested by the Departments of Agriculture and Energy, as well 

as many farm organizations. The data are needed to help assess the energy requirements by 

type of fuel and geographic area that are necessary to support our Nation's agricultural 

needs. While exact figures are most desirable, carefully prepared estimates are acceptable. 

Response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, United States Code). Under this 

legislation, your report is confidential and can be seen only by sworn Census employees. 

It cannot be used for investigation, regulation, or taxation. Only totals that do not reveal 

information about an individual respondent will be published or otherwise released by the 

Bureau of the Census. 

We earnestly request your cooperation and urge you to return the completed report within 

20 days in the enclosed preaddressed envelope. If filing within the requested time period 

causes an undue burden, a request for a filing extension may be sent to the above address. 

Please include the Census File Number (CFN) appearing in the upper left·hand corner of the 

address label on your correspondence. 

Your cooperation will be greatly appreciated. 

Sincerely, 

VINCENT P. BARABBA 

Enclosure 
79-A35-L2A 

79-A35-l2A 

(1-80) 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Many farmers and ranchers across the Nation have already completed and returned their 

reports for the 1979 Farm Energy Survey. If you have already done so, we appreciate 

your promptness and thank you for it. 

If you have not completed and returned your report, please do so within the next couple 

of days. Since the farms in this survey were drawn by lot in a selected cross-section sample 

of all agricultural operations, the lack of data for any selected farm will be harmful to the 

accuracy of the results. Regardless of how large or small your operation, we need your 

completed report. Without your cooperation, the estimates of farm energy requirements 

which will be produced from this survey may be grossly in error for your State. 

If you did not conduct any agricultural operations in 1979, it is equally important to hear 

from you. Please complete the first and last sections of the report form and return it to us 

immediately so that further followups will not be necessary for us to learn this information. 

In case your report has been lost or mislaid, we are enclosing another copy for your use. 

A preaddressed envelope is also enclosed for your convenience. 

I f you have any questions about this report please write to us at the above address. Please 

include the 11-digit Census File Number (CFN) appearing in the upper left-hand corner of 

the address label on your correspondence. 

Thank you for your cooperation. 

Sincerely, 

~P~ RICHARD B. QUANRUD 

Enclosures 

255 
256 REPORT FORMS 79-A35-L3A 

79-A35-L3A 

(3-80) 

UNITED STATES DEP~RTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR 

(ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

We have not received the 1979 Farm Energy Survey report which was mailed to you in 

March. If you mailed your report within the last several days it has probably crossed this 

letter in the mail. If so, please disregard this reminder and accept our thanks for your 

cooperation .. 

If you have not completed and returned your report please do so immediately. With the 

ever-increasing problems in energy today, results of this survey are urgently needed; otherwise, out-dated information will have to be used to make State fuel allocations and other 

decisions which may affect your operation. 

We need your response no matter how little energy you use in your farming operation. 

State-level estimates will be derived from this sample, and your response can have a direct 

effect on the quality of those estimates. Your response is COMPLETELY CONFIDENTIAL by law (title 13, United States Code). 

If you have questions on how to complete the report, please write to us at the above address 

using the reverse side of this.letter. 

Sincerely, 

~P~ RICHARD B. QUANRUD 

NOTICE - In compliance with the Privacy Act (P.L. 93579) of 1974, we are required 

to inform you that response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, United States 

Code). By the same law YOUR REPORT TO THE CENSUS BUREAU IS CONFIDENTIAL. It may be seen only by sworn Census employees and may be used only 

for statistical purposes. Your report CANNOT be used for purposes of taxation, 

investigation, or regulation. The law also provides that copies retained in your files 

are immune from legal process. 
79-A35-L3A .1 REPORT FORMS 

79-A35-L3A.l 

(5-801 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of tha Census 

Data Preparetion Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiena 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DI RECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

We have not received your completed report for the 1979 Farm Energy Survey. If you 

mailed your report within the last several days it has probably crossed this letter in the mail. 

If so, please disregard this reminder and accept our thanks for your cooperation. 

If you have not completed and returned your report please do so immediately. With the 

ever-increasing problems in energy today, results of this survey are urgently needed; otherwise, out-dated information will have to be used to make State fuel allocations and other 

decisions which may affect your operation. 

We need your response no matter how little energy you use in your farming operation. 

State-level estimates will be derived from this sample, and your response can have a direct 

effect on the quality of those estimates. Your response is COMPLETELY CONFIDENTIAL by law (title 13, United States Code). 

If you have questions on how to complete the report, please write to us at the above address 

using the reverse side of this letter. 

Sincerely, 

j&Jp~ RICHARD B. QUANRUD 

NOTICE - In compliance with the Privacy Act (p.l. 93579) of 1974, we are required 

to inform you that response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, United States 

Code). By the same law YOUR REPORT TO THE CENSUS BUREAU IS CONFIDENTIAl. It may be seen only by sworn Census employees and may be used only 

for statistical purposes. Your report CANNOT be used for purposes of taxation, 

investigation, or regulation. The law also provides that copies retained in your files 

are immune from legal process. . 

257 
258 REPORT FORMS 79-A35-L4A 

79-A35-L4A 

(3-80) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Your completed report for the 1979 Farm Energy Survey still has not been received. It was 

mailed to you in March and was due 20 days after you received it. We are under a very tight 

schedule and need your report right away. If you have not returned your completed report, 

please complete and return it to us immediately in the preaddressed envelope provided. In 

case you mislaid the previous report we have enclosed another copy for your use. 

Response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, United States Code). Let me assure 

you once more that your individual report is COMPLETELY CONFIDENTIAL by law. 

Your answers will be combined with those of other respondents to produce State and 

national totals. 

Each address in our mailing list has a different Census File Number (CFN) and each has to 

be accounted for. If you received several forms with different CFN numbers for the same 

farming operation, mark the extra forms "Duplicate" and return them with your completed 

report, or separately if your completed report has crossed with this request in the mail. 

If you did not conduct any agricultural operations in 1979, it is equally important to hear 

from you. Please complete the first and last sections of the report form and return it to us 

immediately so that further followups are not necessary. 

Sincerely, 

RICHARD B. QUANRUD 

Enclosures 

IMPORTANT - In all correspondence, please include the 11-digit Census File Number 

shown in the address label of your report form. 
79-A35-L4A.1 REPORT FORMS 

7~A35- L4A. 1 

(5-80) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Cen8u8 

Data Prepilration Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Your completed report for the 1979 Farm Energy Survey still has not been received, We are 

under a very tight schedule and need your report right away. If you have not returned your 

completed report, please complete and return it to us immediately in the preaddressed 

envelope provided. In case you mislaid the previous report we have enclosed another copy 

for your use. 

Response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, United States Code). Let me assure 

you once more that your individual report is COMPLETELY CONFIDENTIAL by law. 

Your answers will be combined with those of other respondents to produce State and 

national totals. 

Each address in our mailing list has a different Census File Number (CFN) and each has to 

be accounted for. If you received several forms with different CFN numbers for the same 

farming operation, mark the extra forms "Duplicate" and return them with your completed 

report, or separately if your completed report has crossed with this request in the mail. 

If you did not conduct any agricultural operations in 1979, it is equally important to hear 

from you. Please complete the first and last sections of the report form and return it to us 

immediately so that further followups are not necessary. 

~p1~ RICHARD B. QUANRUD 

Enclosures 

IMPORTANT - In all correspondence, please include the 11-digit Census File Number 

shown in the address label of your report form. 

259 
260 REPORT FORMS 79-A9A 

DUE DATE· 20 DAYS AFTER RECEIPT OF FORM Form Approved· 0 M B No 41-S79057 

NOTICE Response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, U.S. Code). By the same law your report to the 

Census Bureau is confidential. It may be seen only by sworn Census employees and may be used only for 

statistical purpos.es. The law also provides that copies retained in your files are immune from legal process. 

FORM 79·A9A (' "9·7g) 

U,S, DEpARTMENT OF COMME.RCE 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

In correspondence pertalnlnc to this report, please refer to the 

ll·dlglt Census File Number (CFN) In label below 

Section I 

(Please correct any error In name and address, Including ZIP code.) 

ACREAGE in 1979 and CURRENT MARKET VALUE of land and buildings 

(See Instruction sheet.) Include all cropland, pasture/and, rangeland, 

wooo/and, wasteland, Idle land, house lots, etc. 

FARM FINANCE SURVEY - 1979 

OPERATOR'S REPORT 

COMPLETE AND RETURN TO~ Bureau of the Census 1201 Ea.t Tonth Street 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

The financial needs or the American farmers are changing. 

It Is Important to know facts such as: 

The relative debt burden of farmers 

That sufficient loan funds are available from 

the different lenders 

The capital investment, operating expenditures, and 

the amount and sources of income of farmers 

These and many other financial problems can be examined only by obtaining 

informatiot1 from you and the other survey respondents. Please give the 

best answers you can, making estimates when you do not have exact 

figures. Your answers will be combined with others so that confidentiality 

is maintained. Please answer each question that applies to you. 

CENSUS 

USE 

ONLY 

Number 

of acres 

l035 

1

036 

1

039 

Estimated current market value 

of these acres including the 

dwellings and other buildings 

on them 

037 103a 

041 

None Dollars : Cents 

1. All land owned ...... , • , , ............................................. [:J 

2. All land rented or leased FROM OTHERS, Including land worked 

on shares; leased Federal, State, and railroad land; and land 

used rent free. (Do NOT Include land used on a per-head basis 

under a gr8zing permit.) Also complete item 5 below. . ......... . 

3. N-L land rented or leased TO OTHERS, including land 

o 

worked on shares by others and land subleased ........... , .... , , ........•.... , . .. [] 

4. TOTAL ACRES IN "THIS PLACE" (Please ADD acres owned (Item 1) 

and acres rented (item 2), then SUBTRACT acres rented to others (Item 3), and enter your answer in thIs space.) --________________ .~-

"THIS PLACE" means your farm or ranch, feedlots, poultry houses, 

greenhouses, and/or any other agrIcultural operations. 

5. If you rented land FROM OTHERS (item 2 above), please enter the following information for each landlord. 

043 

045 

047 

049 

044 I 

I 

$ I 

046 I 

S 

04. 

S 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

{

These are the ACRES in 

"THIS PLACE·' 

for this Census report 

Number 01 acres rented 

Rental arrangements in 1979 - M8rk (X) 81/ that apply 

Name of landlord Mailing address of landlord Share [ Share of livestock [ Cash I Other 

of crops [ or products : as rent [arrangements 

First name, middle initial, last name Number and street or rural route and box number 

Post Office I State 

First name, middle initial, last name Number and street or rural route and box number 

Post Office I State 

First name, middle Initial, last name Number and street or rural route and box number 

Post OHice I State 

First name, middle initial, last name Number and street Of rural route and box number 

Post Office I State 

First name, middle initial, last name Number and street or rural route and box number 

Post Office I State 

List any addlllonal landlords on continuation sheet. 

052 

I ZIP code 

054 

I ZIP code 

056 

I ZIP code 

as. 

I ZIP code 

060 

I ZIP code 

None 

Number 

of acres 

053 

ass 

10 20 

057 

10 2 [J 

059 

10 2[] 

061 

10 

Current market value 

Dollars ; Cents 

I 

I 

: 3Cl I 

I 

I I 

I I 

I I 

: 3[J : 

I I 

I 

I 

1 3 0 I 

I 

I 

I 

: 3[J I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

: 3r:] 

I 

6. Of the land you rented or leased to others (item 3 above), 062 

how many acres did you own? , .................•.................... ".... 0 063 

You may be able to skip most of this form if 

7. How many set aSide acres did you have in the None 06' 

Is 

{

a. All the land you owned or rented was worked on Shares. or rented to someone elSe. 

b. There were no crops or livestock in 1979 on the acres In THIS PLACE (item 4). 

c. The land you operated prior to 1979 has been sold (0 Someone else. 

It a, b, or c apply to your operation, please explain In section 14, complete 

section 15 and mall back the report torm in the return envelope. 

4 [J 

40 

'0 

40 

Federal Farm Program in 19797 .•.•....••...•....•.. , 0 _____ Acres 

Cash rent 

Acres 

9. If you rented land from others 

(item 2), how much cash rent 

did you pay for the year 1979? 

None i-____ +-_:::O:::olc:la::r:::s _....;.1 ..::c:.::e:.:.nt=-js 

8. Was any farm or ranch land sold 

by you in 1979 for -

a. Farming or ranching purposes? .. 

b. Other purposes? 

None 

065 

0 

(-' J 

067 

Sales value 

Acres Dollars 

066 

5 

06. 

$ 

Cents 

I 

I 

I 

I 

o 

10. Is this farm or ranch operated by 

a hired manager? (See enclosed 

Instruction sheet.) _ .......•...... 

069 070 I 

I 

$ 

071 

10 YES 20 NO 
79-A9A 

Section 2 

REPORT FORMS 

PURCHASES, EXPENDITUilES AND CREDIT USED DURING 1979 FOR THE AGRICULTURAL OPERATION 

These Items concern the kinds of purchases and expenditures made and the amount of credIt used 

during 1979 for agricultural operations on this place, section 1, Item 4. In column 1, report the 

total cost of the purchases or expenditures. In column 2, report the amount of credit used, If any, 

for the purchases and expenditures. (See enclosed Instruction sheet.) 

TOTAL COST AND CREDIT USED 

~ NOTE - For each expense or purchase in column 1, complete 

column 2 either with the dollar amount or mark (X) 

in the "No credit used" box. 

• Agricultural capital purchases for 

this place during 1979 

1. Purchases in 1979 of land, including buildings - InClude only 

land In this place as reported In section 1, item 4 ..... 

2. Expenditures for land and irrigation improvements including land preparation, well drilling, 

ponds, drainage, roads, feedlots, fences, trench silos, lagoons, etc. , ................. . 

3. Expenditures for buildings and structures - Include new or additions to dwellings, barns, shelters, 

milking parlors, hog houses, poultry houses, crop storage, silos, and others. Exclude repairs .. 

4. Purchases of tractors and farm machinery at net cost -

(Total cost minus tradfTln values) 

5. Purchases of trucks and autos at net cost -

(Total cost minus trade-In values) 

{

a. New ..... 

b. Used. 

{

a. New ... 

b. Used. 

6. Purchases of breeding livestock and dairy cows and heifers .................... , ... . 

7. All other agricultural capital purchases -InClude movable Irrigation equipment and 

machinery such as pipes, siphons, nozzles, pumps and englnes; other motor driven vehicles 

such as airplanes or other special use vehicles that were used on this place. 

" . 

Exclude capital purchases coverad above ........ , , .. ' ... , ... , .......... , , ....... . 

• Agricultural operating expenses and other purchases for this place 

during 1979. Do not Include here depreCiation, Income taxes, cash 

rent; expenditure. for tM purche.e of land. buildings, or machlneryj 

e1fpflndJtu"'. for the tarm dwelling IncludIng ,."aIrs. tax"s, Insurance, 

and other ltema; a'so exclude expense. paid by landlords, and value 

of lteml furnlshfld by contnlctom. 

None 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

o 

Total purchases or 

expenditures in 1979 

on 

S 

07' 

$ 

07. 

$ 

07e 

S 

Oeo 

S 

oe2 

(1) 

Total amount 

Cash and credit 

I 

I 

$ 1 Oe. 

$ 

Oe. 

$ 

oee 

I 090 I 

I 

I 

I 

Portion financed 

Exclude 3O·day accounts 

(2) 

No 

credit Dollars 

used 

073 

0 S 

075 

0 S 

077 

0 S 

079 

0 S 

Oe1 

0 S 

Oe3 

0 $ 

Oe5 

0 S 

loe7 

0 S 

oe9 

0 S 

091 , 

, 

I 

I 

: Cents 

, 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

8. Expenditures for feed - grain, hay, silage, mixed feeds, concentrates, etc. I 0 ~- I 093 

. .... r-~D~-to~$9~2------------~----~~~~--------------~----1 

9. Purchases of livestock and poultry otber than breeding stock and dairy cows and heifers .......... . 

110. Purchases of ferti lizer .. , ...... , .. , .. 

111. Expenditures for hired wages and contract labor - Report gross cash payments 

to empfoyaes, Including paid family members, before deductions lor Social 

Security, taxes, Insurance premiums, etc. .....•.••.. , .. , ...... , .•••.. , ..•....•.. ,. 

112. Purchases of gasoline, diesel fuel, LP gas, other fuel, motor oil, and grease for farm use only, ... , .. 

113. All other agricultural operating expenditures such as machine hire, customwork, 

seeds, pesticides, real estate and personal property taxes, utilities; upkeep of 

farm buildings, machinery, fences, drains and irr.igation. ~vstems; interest and other finance chargesj storage charges; lime, SOli condItIoners, etc •....... , ............... . 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

114. Funds borrowed during 1979 for any farm purpose other than listed above (such es ;1:::::::1::: 

Page 2 

I 

I 

I 

I 

094 : 

I 

I 

I 

1096 I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

0ge I 

I 

I 

1 00 

:. 

{::t: 

t:{:~ 

0 $ 

1°95 I 

I 

0 I $ I 

1°97 I 

I 

I 

I 

0 1$ I 

I 

1°99 I 

I 

0 Ls I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

01 I 

I 

I 

0 1$ I 

I 

03 I 

I 

I 

1$ 

I 

0 I 

261 
262 REPORT FORMS 79-A9A 

Section 3 DEBTS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1979 

(See enclosed Instruct/on sheet.) AMOUNT OWED ON DECEMBER 31,1979 (Exclude Inte",st) 

The debts to be reported are those Amount of debt secured Amount of debt not secured owed 8S of December 31 ~ 1979 Total amount owed by rea 1 estate by real estate arising from the operation of the For each entry In this column Include debts secured by mortgages Include debts secured by notes, acres /n section 1, Item 4. please answer columns 2 and.3 on land and bufldlngs, deeds of trust, machinery. crops, or other non-r8a/ 

land purchase, etc. estate assets, and unsecured debts. 

(I) (2) (3) 

• Source of Debt None Dollats : Cents None Dollars : Cents None D-~II~ : Cents 

1. Federal Land Banks (or Federal Land Bank AssocIations) . . . . . 0 ~04 I 0 I ~os I t};{;;;;:;;;;:; E::::(::\::::\ ::::\ \::d; 2. The Farmefs Home Administration ........ . . .. ... 1=1 I ~o : t=J I ~08 : 0 ~09 ! 

3. Small Business Administration . . ..... ......... ... . ... t=J 11

'0 : 0 1$" j 0 i $12 : 4. Insurance Compames - Exclude premIums due ... . . . . . . . .... 0 ~'3 i 0 1 $14 : 0 I ~ 15 

5. CommercIal banks and savings banks (national or 116 

j 117 118 

: StatE: banks, trust companies, etc.). .... . .. . . . .. . .. . . . . . . 0 $ 0 $ i 0 S 

6. IndiViduals from whom you bought part or all of this acreage- 119 I 120 ;::;:::;:::; a. Under a mortgage or deed of trust. 0 I 0 (;::;;:;::; :;:;::: ;;;;;;;; ;;;;;;:; :;::::::;:::;:: S I $ ::::;:;:;::: 

~22 ; rr 1 .:::;:;;:;:;:; ;;:;;; (; (;:;: ;;::::: ;:::::; b. Under a land purchase contract . . . . . . . . . ........ . . ... 0 0 :::;:;:;:;:;: ;:;:;:; :::;:;: ;:;::::{; 

7. Production credit associations. ...... ...... . . ... "" . [] 1

2S 

: II 1$26 i 0 1$'7 

8. Other lending Institutions (mortgage companies, real estate agents 128 129 I 130 I 

or deale~s, savings and loan associations, agricultural credit I I 

corporatl?nS, finance compani~s, State or county agencies, credit 0 0 umons, livestock loan compames, etc.) . . . , .... , ... $ $ i CJ $ i 9. Merchants and dealers, including cooperatives, mail order 131 

i 13' : 133 

! companies, farm machinery companies, and other manufacturers, I 

(exclude debts on 30·day accounts) for purchase of - I 

a. Tractors and farm machinery, including repairs 0 i 0 I 0 I 

..... ... . $ $ I $ I 

b. Autos and trucks, including repairs. .... . . .. .... . ... ,. , CI 1$3' : [J 1

35 i [] 1$36 L c. Gasoline, 011, and other fuel " ., ... [.I 1$37 i [] $38 i 0 1$39 

d. Feed, seed, and fertilizer .. , ... .. . . ..... ' .... . .... 0 I ~ 40 : 0 $41 i 0 1$42 I 

e. livestock and poultry .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . 0 1$43 i 0 I ~ 44 i CI Is 4S : 

f. All other purchases for the operation of this acreage from 146 I 147 

! 

148 

merchants and dealers, including building supplies, fencing, 0 I [] 0 : hardware, customwork, and similar purchases ......... $ I $ S 

10. Any other Individuals, a relative, a friend, a landlord, 149 : 1 so ,- 1 Sl 

an estate, etc. - Exclude dobts on 30-day accounfs. 0 $ : [] i $ 0 $ 

11. Commodity Credit Corporation loans: 152 ::::::::::::::::: 154 

a. On crops ., ................. , .. . . , . . . ... 0 s I;;;;:::;;;;;;;;:::;;;: ::::::;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:::::::;::;;;;;;;;;~;:;;:::,;;;;;;;; [ .I $ 

b. For crop storage facilities. . . ... . . . . , . . . ., ... [J 1$55 : CJ IF :- 1=1 rF : 12. Unpaid bills for veterinary serVices, utilities, past due 1-' 58 I 1 so I 160 I 

taxes or Insurance premiums, and debts for other purposes I I I 

relating to this acreage - Include all debts on account i I I 

nol expected 10 be paid In 30 days. . ...... r~ $ CI $ I CI $ I 

Section 4 MARKET VALUE OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS SOLD Section 6 INCOME AND EXPENSES FROM FARM-RELATED SOURCES IN 1979 

DURING 1979 (See enclosed Instruction sheet.) 

(See enclosed Instruction sheet.) • Part A - 'ncome from Farm-Related Sources Farm-related income 1. What was the total market value of RepOlt amount received before taxes and expenses. 

farm products sold from this place Dollars : Cents 1. Customwork and other agricultural services provided for farmers and None Dollars : Cents 

In 1979? -Include the value of None 167 I 

the landlord's and/or con/ractor's 161 I others - plowing, planting, spraying, harvesting, preparation of I 

share, estimating If necessary. I products for market, etc. (If c(Jstomwork is a separate business, $ I 

Include value of Government CCC I report In section 10, item lb.) .. ..... ............ . . . . . 0 I 

loons, but exclude sales of lorest i 2. Recreational services - providing hunting, fishing, picnicking, camping, 168 

t ptoducts, .... [~I $ boarding and lodging, or other recreational facilities on this place .. " 0 $ 

a. If you rented or leased land from 162 

i 

3. Payments you received for partiCipation in Government farm programs - I ~ 69 others on a share basis, what Do not include Commodity Credit Corporation loans. ... . ,..... ., .. LJ : was the value of your landlord's 4. Gross cash rent or share payments received from renting out farm land 170 I share of the total sales reported or payments received from lease or sale of allotments - Include In Item 1 above? I-I $ payments for livestock pastured on a per-head baSiS, per-month $ 

Section 5 PRODUCTION CONTRACTS basis, per·pound baSiS, etc. ....... . . . , . ....... . ... , . . .. , 0 171 

Old you have any contract to produce any crop, poultry, 

5. Sales of forest products (Including maple products, naval stores, etc.) . 0 Is I 

or livestock products In 1979? - Do not jnclude marketing 6. Other bUsiness or source of income which is ~ 

: only contracts. (See enclosed ins/rucr/on sheet.) conducted on or CLOSELY RELATED to the AGRICULTURAL OPERATIONS on this place - Specify kind CJ $ 

163 

1 YES - Complete this sect/on 

,[!NO - Go to socUon 6 Dollars I Cents 

• Part B - Expanses for Farm-Related Income Sources Farm-:related expenses 

1. For farm-related sources reported in items 1 through 6 above, enter Dollars ~ Cents 

1. How much did you receive from contractor 164 : the total estimated expenses paid by you and others in 1979 -Include 17' I 

for products produced under contract? $ all cash operating expenses, taxes, Interest, Insurance, etc, Do not I ... Include· expenses already reported In section 2. 0 $ I 

I?? ...... . ........ 

SpeCify Itoms under contrac;; ;;:::::::;: :::;:;:::;:; :::;:;:::::; 

[i? ;t::;:;:;: :;:,::: ::;:::: Section 7 NET CASH FARM INCOME OF PARTNERSHIPS (S.e enclosed Instruct/on sheet.) 

Eo? :::;:;;;:;:;: }:::;;:;:;: ;::::;:;::: Did you raise or produce any agricultural products 

with others under a partnership in 1979? 

I?? \;;;::: ;::::: ;:;:;::}:; 031 JOY ES - Complete this sect/on 

165 I zoNO - Go to secr/on B 2. What IS your estimate of tolal market I 174 rl 0 Less than 10 percent value of products you produced under I 1. What proportIon of the net cash farm income (net sates of 

contract? . $ I agflcultural products plus net income from farm-related , ClIO to 29 percent 

3. What IS your estimate of the 166 I sources) was received by the senior partner? ., .. .... . . .. 3 0 30 to 49 percent 

cost of rtems and services I : B 50 to 69 percent 

prOVided by the contractor? . $ I ls 70 percent and over I 

Page 3 
79-A9A 

Section 8 TAXES 

Did you own any farm or ranch land In 1979? 

032 

REPORT FORMS 

Section 10 OFF-FARM INCOME DURING 1979 

(See enclosed Instruction sheet.) 

1. How much did you and members of your family living in your household receive in 1979 from each of the following sources? 

a. Cash wages, salaries, tips, Armed Forces pay, 

263 

1 [_-- : YES - Complere this section (See enclosed InstructIon sheet.) 

2 L- I NO - Go /0 section 9 None Dollars 

commissions, piece-rate payments, and cash 

bonuses (report amount before deducting income I Cents 

1. What was the number of acres of your farm or 

ranch land as shown on your tax bill(s) for 1979? .. 

2. What was the assessed value of land, bUIldings, 

and other improvements shown on your real estate 

tax bill(s) for 19791 . 

3. What was the total amount of reat estate taxes 

(land, buildmt,:s, and other Improvements) payable 

by you as shown on your tax bill(s) for 1979? 

175 

Section 9 ASSETS OWNED BY THE FARM OPERATOR 

(See enclosed Instruction sheet.) 

• Items owned - Exclude value of land reported In section 1. 

1. Dwellings 

a. Farm dwellings tor hired laborers 

b. Operator's dwelling if on this place (section 1, 

item 4) (If not on this place report in item 21 below.) 

2. All other buildings except dwellings 

3. Autos .. 

4. Trucks .... t· .. 

5. Tractors 

6. Other farm machinery and equipment 

7. Crops stored: 

Include crops under 

Government eee loans. 

8. Beef animals 

9. Dairy animals 

10. Hogs and pigs 

11. ,Sheep ~nd lambs. 

{

a. On-farm 

b. Off-farm 

12. Poultry - Include layers, broilers, turkeys, etc. 

13. Other livestock (horses, mink, bees, fish, rabbits, etc.) ... 

_____ Acres 

None Dollars I Cents 

176 

[i 177 

U 

Estimated market 

va lue as of 

December 31, 1979 

None Dollars I Cents 

17. 

0 17' 

Ll '.0 

0 ,., [I '.2 

[1 

'.3 

[1 I., 

[] 

, .5 

CI '.6 

0 , .7 

[I , .. Ll ,., C] 190 

[J 

'" [I 192 

0 

193 

taxes and other withholding Items). 

(1) Nonfarm jobs or professions 

(2) Farm work - Exclude customwork reported 

In section 6, Item 1. 

b. Operation of a non-farm-related business (not reported 

in section 6) or professional practice. - Report NET 

after cash expenses. 

c. Retirement and/or disability-

(1) Social Security. 

(2) Other public (government retiree, military, 

or railroad) veterans payments .. 

(3) Private pensions 

d. Public aSSistance, SSI (Supplemental Security Income), 

welfare benefits, unemployment compensation .. 

e. Interest. 

f. Dividends 

g. Income from estates or trusts, net cash (enta I 

income from nonfarm property, net royalties, or 

lease payments for mineral rights 

h. Annuities, alimony, regular contributions from persons 

not living in the household, and other money income, 

from any other source. 

[] 

[J 

[J 

[J 

0 

,--, 

I .. J 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

229 

S 

230 

S 

231 

232 

233 

S 

23' 

235 

S 

236 

S 

237 

S 

". 

239 

Section II WHEN AND HOW OWNED LAND OPERATED WAS ACQUIRED 

None 

270 

1. Copy reported acres from section 1, item 1 .. , , . , .... CJ 271 

2. Copy reported acres from section 1, item 6 . . . . . . . . . . . .. CJ 272 

3. Subtract item 2 from item 1, this is the "owned land operated" 

~- .................................... 0 

Acres 

If "owned land operated" is greater than zero - complete thiS section, otherwise skip to 

section 12. 

4. When did yOu purchase or acquire the "owned land operated"? 

Please enter acres by years listed below. 

a. During 1979 ........................ . 

(1) Was any of the land purchased in 1979 financed 

by a mortgage on land you already owned? 

281 '0 Yes 20 No 

b. 1975 through 1978 

c. 1970 through 1974 

d. 1965 through 1969 ..•......••••..•..••..••••• 

None Acres 

2.0 

o 

2.2 

o 2.3 

[J 

2 •• 

o 14. Money owed to you. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • . • • . . • . 0 285 

19. e. 1960 through 1964 • • . • . . . . . . . • . • . • . • • • • • • • • •. 0 

15. U.S. Savings Bonds ,......................... 0 286 

195 

16. Other bonds, corporate stocks, and certificates of deposit 0 196 

17. Cash values of life insurance •••••••• : ••••••••..• [] 

197 

18. Money in checking and savings accounts in banks CJ ". 19. Money in savings and loan associations 

and other savi ngs accounts ••••••••••••••....••• CJ 

'" 20. Cash and currency on hand CJ 

None Dollars I Cents 

r Estimated market 1-:2c:-O:CO--"'==---!-O'= 21. Nonfarm assets owned and 

debts - InClude nonfarm 

property such as off farm 

dwefJings, cotton gins, stOCkS 

of cooperative organizations, 

motelS, stores, vehICles, 

maChinery, and equipment 

for nonfarm uses, etc. 

FORM 7Q· A,9A '11·"·79) 

value of these 

assets (as of 

December 31, 1979) •• 0 201 

Debts related to 

b~~:m~~~ejt{~~7~f) •• D 

Page 4 

f. Prior to 1960 o 2.7 

g. TOTAL (Should equal item 3 above). • . . . • . • . • . • . • .• CI 

S. How did you purchase or acquire the "owned land operated"? Please enter acres by appropriate source. 

None 

2 •• 

a. Purchase from non-relative ••.••....•••.•••..• ,. CJ 

b. Purchase from a relative ...•..•...•.•.••..••. , • [J 

2., 

c. Inherited or gift ... , .•..••......••...••..•.• o 290 

d. Other - Specify -t .......................... . Cl '" 

292 

e. TOTAL (ShOUld equal Item 3 above) [] FORM 79. A9A (11·0·70) 

Page 5 

Acres 
264 REPORT FORMS 

Section 12 OFF·FARM WORK AND EDUCATION 

(S98 enclosed Instruction sheet.) 

... Note: Answer column 1 lor operator. 

Answer column 2 for spouse; if no spouse mark (X) box 3, column 2. 

1. Off-farm work - Did you (or did your spouse) work for pay at an off-farm job during 1979? 

Include self-employment, bUSiness, or professional work. Exclude exchange farm work. 

2. 

If more than one off-farm job, describe the one at which the most hOUfS were worked. 

a. Were you (or was your spouse): 

• Employee of another farm or ranch? 

• Employee of a private company, business or 

individual, for wage, salary, or commission? •••••••••••••••••••• 

• 'Federal, State, or local government employee? ••••••••••••••••••• 

• Self employed-operating a farm related business? .....•...•..••.•• 

• Self employed-operating a nonfarm related business 

or professional practice? ...•........•.•.••..••..•..•.•.•. 

b. What kind of business or industry was this? (Example: public schOol system, road 

Construction company, textile mill, automobile repair service, truck assembly plant, 

dairy farm.) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

c. What kind of work were you (or was your spouse) doing on the off-farm job in 1979? 

(Example: high school English reacher, lawyer, sales clerk, real estate agent, 

automobile mechaniC, machinist, prBctical nurse, manager, farm or ranch worker, etc.) 

d. Describe the most important work actIvity on the off-farm job in 1979. (For example: seffs 

, farm supplies, repairs equipment, drives truck, general farm work, manages own bUSiness.) 

e. How many hours per week were normally worked for pay at this off-farm job? ••••••..•• 

1. How many weeks per year were normally worked at this off-farm job? ....•••••••••••• 

g. How many miles were traveled one way to work at this off-farm job? ••.••.••...•..•• 

Education - What was the highest grade (or year) 

of scllool ever completed? Mark (X) applicable box . ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Section \3 HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS 

He 

'00 

Column 1 

REPORT FOR OPERATOR 

V 

, 0 Yes - Complete this section 

20 No - Skip to Item 2 

'°2

, OJ 

o 

: 0 Mark (X) one box 

40 

sO 

'0' 

310 

312 

31. 

316 

Speclly 

Specify 

SpecIfy 

Less than 5 

1[J 

12 

'0 

l7 'or more 

70 

Hours 

Weeks 

Miles 

5-8 

20 

13-14 

sO 

9-11 

3D 

15-16 

60 

301 

Column 2 

REPORT FOR SPOUSE 

V 

, 0 Yes - Ccxnplete this section 

,2 0 No - SkIp to /tem 2 

30 No spouse 

30"

O

o l : 0 Mark (X) one box 

40 

sO 

305 

SpecIfy 

Specify 

Specify 

311 

Hours 

313 

Weeks 

315 

Miles 

317 

Less than 5 5-8 9-11 

10 20 '[I 

12 13-14 15-16 

40 sO 6 [J 

17 or more 

7 [J 

79-A9A 

1. Citizenship of operator .........• , 0 United States 2 Cl Other - Specify country,,!. 3. Was the farm or family income benefited by any of the following programs during 1979? 

2. Size of household. How many persons were included in your 

Ilousehold on December 31, 1979? Include yourself (operator 

o{ senIor partner). spouse, children, and others such as other 

rolatives, or others ffving in your household • ••••.•••...•••• 

a. Of tllese, how many were under 16 years of age? .. : ....... . 

Seclion 14 REMARKS AND EXPLANATIONS 

319 

___ Number 

320 

___ Number 

Mark (X) all that apply. 

321 

I 0 Tile county Cooperative 

Extension Service 

,2 0 Agr icultural Conservation 

Program (ACP) of ASCS 

3D Soil Conservation Program 

40 Federal Crop Insurance 

50 Forest service 

60 Direct contact with specialists at a 

State Agricultural College 

70 Food stamp or special nutrition' 

programs 

a 0 Aid to families with dependent 

children (AFDC) 

90 Formal job training program sponsored 

by any school, military service, or 

government program such as CETA 

Section 15 SIGNATURE OF PERSON COMPLETING THIS REPORT - Please check your answers, then sign below. 

1330 Date 

1 

1331Areacode I Number 

Telephone---a-.j 

Name 

FORM 70_AOA (11·"·7IU Page 6 
79-A9B REPORT FORMS 265 

DUE DATE : 20 DAYS AfTER RECEIPT OF FORM Form Approved: O.M.B. No. 41-579057 

NOTICE Response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, U.S. Code). By the same law your report to the F"ORM 79·A9B U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Census Bureau is confidential. It may be seen only by sworn Census employees and may be used only for (11-9-79) GUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

statistical purposes. The law also provides that copies retained in your files are immune from legal process. 

In correspondence pertaining to this repon, please r.f.r to FARM FINANCE SURVEY - 1979 tho 11-<11,11 Cen.u. File Number (CFN) In label below. LANDLORD'S REPORT 

COMPLETE AND RETURN T~ Bureau 01 the Census 

1201 East Tenth Stre.t 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

The financial needs of the American farmers and farm landlords are changing, 

It is important to know facts such as: 

Their relative debt burden 

That sufficient loan funds are available 

from different lenders 

The net returns that farm operators and land owners earn 

on their investments after paying their expenses 

These and many other fmancla! problems can be examined only by obtammg 

Information from you and the other survey respondents. Please give the 

best answers you can, making estImates when you do not have exact 

figures. Your answers will be combined with others so that confIdentialIty 

IS maintained. Please answer each questIon that applIes' to you. 

CENSUS ! 035 

1

036 

1

037 

1

038 

USE 1°39 1.

040 

1

041 

1

042 (Please correct any error in name and address, including ZIP code.) ONLY 

Seclion 1 ACREAGE in 1979 and CURRENT MARKET VALUE of LAND and BUILDINGS (See instruction sheet, section 1) 

j j 0'9 

Acres 

1. How many acres owned or controlled by you were used in 1979 by the person listed on the top line of the address label? 

Market value 

CENTS NOT REOUIRED 

050 

2. What is your estimate of the market value of this acreage including the dwelling and all other buildings? .' . S 

None 051 

3. Of the acres entered in item 1, how many were purchased in 1979? . 0 ___ Acres 

Section 2 PURCHASES, EXPENDITURES, AND CREDIT USED DURING 1979 in connection with TOTAL COST AND CREDIT USED the acreage in section It item 1 - The items In this section concern the kInds of purchases 

and e'Jtp9fldltures made and the amount of credit used during 1979 for agricultural 

operations. Total purchases or Portion financed In column 1, report the total cost of the purchases or expenditures. In 

column 2, report the WTlounf of credit used, it any, for the purchases (see instruction expenditures In 1979 Exclude 30-day accounts 

sheet, section 2). For each expense or purchase entered In column 1, complete column 2, (11 (2) 

either with the dollar amount or mark (X) in the "No credit used" box. Do not Include I you, tenants' share of any expenses. Total amount No I 

None Cash and credl t credit Dollars I Cents 

used I 

• Agricultural capital purchases related to the acreage in section 1, item 1, during 1979 Dollars I Cents I 

072 I 073 I 

L Purchases of land, including buildings - Include only fand as reported in section 1, item 3 [] I [J 1 I 

07. 1 07' I 2. Expenditures for land and irrigation improvements including land preparation, I I well drilling, ponds, drainage, roads, feedlots, fences, trench SIlos, lagoons, etc. 0 I 0 I 

3. Ex.penditures for buildings and structures - Include new or additions to dwellings, batns, shelters, 07' I 077 I I I milking parlors, hog houses, poultry houses, crop storage, silos etc, EXclude tepa irs ... . , ." ... 0 I 0 I I 

4. Purchases of tractors and farm machinery at net cost - 078 079 I 

{a. New [J I 0 I 

Total cost minus trade-In values. I 

b. Used 0 080 0 081 I I 

5. Purchases of trucks and autos at net cost- Ll 082 I 083 I 

{a. New I 0 I Total cost minus trade-in values. 

b. Used CI 08' I 

0 085 I I I 

6. Purchases ~f ~reeding livestock and dairy cows and heifers 0 08. I 

0 087 I 1 I 

088 I 069 I 7, All other agricultural capital purchases - Include movable irrigation equipment and I I 

machinery such as pipes, siphons, nozzles, pumps and engines: other motOt driven I I 

vehicles such as airplanes, or other special use vehicles that were used on this I I 

place. Exclude capital purchases covered above. 0 I l~l I I ~-' I 

II! Agricultural operating expenses and oilIer purchases related to the acreage in 

section 1, item 1, durfng 1979. 00 not include here expenses paid by tenants, depreciation, 

income ta'Jtes, expenditures for the purchase of land, buildings, or machinery; expenditures 090 091 

for the landlord's dwelling inCluding repairs, taxes, insurance, and other itemS. 

8. Expenditures for feed - grain, hay, silage, mixed feeds, concentrates, etc. [J I c.:::; : 9. Purchases of livestock and poultry other than breeding stock and dairy cows and heifers 0 092 I 0 093 I I I 

10. Purchases of fertilizer 0 09' I 095 I I c.:::l I 

09. I 097 I 11. Ex.penditures for hired waies and contract labor - Report gross caSh payments I I to employees including paid family members, before deductions for Social Security, I I taxes, insurance premiums, etc. 0 I c.:::J I 

09. I 099 I 12. Purchases of gasoline, diesel fuel, LP gas, ether fuel, motor oil, and grease for farm use only l..J I U I 

100 I 101 13. All other agricultural operating expenditures I such as machine hire, customwork, seedS, pesticides, I I real estate and personal property tax.es, utilities; upkeep of farm buildings (including tenant's I I dwelling), machinery, fences, drains, and irrigation systems; interest and other finance charges; [J I [J I storage charges; lime, soil conditioners, etc .•••••.•••••••••.•••••••••••••..••••.•• I I 1 I 

14. Funds borrowed during 1979 in connection with the acreage in section I, item 1, .. ""',',,, "!"T!: 103 I 

I 

for any purpose other than listed above (such as replenishment of working capital) ~~~~m~~, 

~ ,,~~ "" '" 0 I 

I 
266 REPORT FORMS 79-A9B 

Section 3 DEBTS AS OF DECEMBER 31,1979 AMOUNT OWED ON n.".,,,,.~ 31, 1979 - Exclude int.rest 

(5" enc/o.sed Instruction sheet.) T ata I amount owed A,?ount secured by 

farm real estate Amount not secured by farm rea I estate The debts to be reported are those owed aa of 

December 31, 1979 arising from the operation 

of the ecru In section " Item 1. 

For each entry ;n this column 

please answer columns 2 and 3. 

Include debts secured by mortgages 

on farm land and buildings, deeds of 

trust, land purchase, etc. 

Inc/ude debts secured by notes, 

machinery, crops, or other non·reaJ 

estate assets, and unsecured debts. 

• Source of Debt 

1. Federal Land Banks (or Federal Land Bank Associations) 

2. The Farmers Home Administration 

3. Small BUSiness Administration 

4. Insurance companies - EKcfude premiums due 

5. Commercial banks and savings banks (national or 

State banks, trust companies, etc.) ........ . 

6. Individuals from whom you bought part or all of this acreage3. Under a mortgage or deed of trust 

b. Under a land purchase contract 

7. Production credit associations 

b. For crop storage facilities 

12. UnpaId bills for veterinary serVIces, utilities, past 

due taxes or insurance premiums, and debts for other 

purposes relating to thIS acreage - Include all debts 

on account nor expected to be paid In 30-days, 

Section 4 TAXES (See enc/05ed Instruction sheet.) 

1. What was the number of acres of your farm or ranch land as 

shown on your tax bill(s) tor 1979? (This may be the same 175 

None 

o 1~'0 

o 1~13 

o 116 

119 

D· 

o 1!22 

o 1~25 

or a larger acreage than that reported in section I, item 1) ___ _ 

2. What was the assessed value of land, buildings, and other 

Improvements shown on your real estate tax bill(s) for 1979? 

None Dollars 

CI 1~'6 3. What was the total amount of real estate taxes (land, 177 

buildings, and other Improvements) payable by you as 0 shown on'your tax bill(s) for 1979? , , . , $ 

Section 5 ASSETS OWNED BY THE LANDLORD (5 .. onclo .. d In.hcl/on .m ... t.) 

(1) 

Dollars 

Cents 

The .... t. 10 be reported are those owned 8S of December 31, 

1978 Involved with the ownership of the acres In section " 

IteM 1. Do not Include your tenant's share of any assets. 

Estimated market value as 

of December 31, 1979 

1. Dwellirws - Exclude value of land reported in section 1. None Dollars lCents 

I. Farm dwellings for hired laborers. . ... ' 0 ~78 

~. ::n::;~: ~~:I~~~o~ ~KI~~U:~1.if not located o,n, ..... '. 0 1-'~'-'9-----;---I 

2. All other buildIngs except dwellIngs, . . . . . . .. [::J ;eo 

1.::.:-,,------;---1 

3. Autos 

4. Trucks 

S. Tractors, 

,. Other farm machinery and eqUipment, 

1. Crops stored (Include crops {a. On-farm, , . 

under Government 

eee loans.) b. Off-farm. , 

at Beef animals 

!. DairY animals 

10. Hogs and pigs. , 

01;·' 

[J 1;0' 

o 1~·3 

[J 1~·4 

cll~·5 

[J II •• 

CI II.' 

o I~·· 

o 1~·9 

i 

(2) (3) 

I Cents None Dollars ~nts Non,,- Dollars Cen!s 

! 0 LiJ5 

i o I !OO 

: o I ~" 

o 1~'4 

i 

i 

: 

159 

o. 

Section 6 RENTAL INCOME fOR 1979 

: 

I 

: 

i 

o 1"2 

11. D. 

to):}: ':::::::: .: '. 

it):{' : : 

130 

o. 

154 

D. 

o i~57 

160 

0$ 

The fol/owlng Items ar. related to your agricultural Income for the acres reported In 

section 1, Item 1. (Do not Include the tenant's share.) 

1. Share rent - How much did you receive in 1979 for the sale 

of your share of crops, livestock, and livestock products 

from the acres reported in section I, item 17 (The value of 

crops placed under Government Loan or seal in 1979 should None 

be included as sales in 1979, but do not include payments 

from Government farm programs or the sales of forest 

products.) 

2. Cash rent - How much cash rent did you receive in 1979 

from the acres reported in section 1, item 1? Exclude 

share rental reported in item 1 above. 

o 

o 

Dollars 

20, 

20. 

Section 7 TOTAL AGRICUL TURALLAND OWNERSHIP AND LAND SALES 

1. In 1979, did you own land in addition to the acres entered in section 1, item I? 

033 

: 

! 

i 

: Cents 

: 

1 0 NO - Skip to item 2 Acres Market value 

20 YES - Please enter the total of all 

:~~f!a~~uo'r:~~m:~:er~vU:'ue 211 I 

of the land includIng buildings $ ! 

Dollars : Cents 

210 

Please enter the total of alf 212 213 I 

acres you rented out In 1979 : 

and the market value of the I 

land and buildings . , ~ .. , ... L...-----'-$-----~I-_I 

a. How many renters did you have in 19797 

2. Are you related to any of your renters? 

3. Of the land you owned in 1979, how many 

acres were obtained by: 

a. Purchase 

b. Gift or Inheritance 

c. Other - Specify 

21' 

215 

_____ Number 

1 DYES 2oNO 

None r---:-Acr-es---l 

o 21. 

o 217 

o 21. 

4. Were you personally operating a farm anytime during 1979? 219 1 0 YES 20 NO 

.-----.-~S~a"'-es--va'u--e-l 

,11. Sheep and lambs, ... . .. [J!~90 ! e---~--f 

.... , 0 :~91t 

5. Was any land sold by you in 1979 for: Acres n."... I"" •• None~~ ___ -r.~_~~V''' __ "'' __ L,V~"'''-I' 

12 .. Poultry - Include layors, bros/ors. lurkeys, etc. a. Farming or ranching purposes D i 220 :21 

~,------r--'-I 

l U.()~t.e:_~_'I\lestock {horses. mink, bees fish, rabbits, etc.} . " 0; 192 ! o 1222 223 b. Other purposes 

Page 2 
79-A9B REPORT FORMS 

Section 8 PARTICIPATION IN MANAGEMENT DECISIONS To be reported for the acres In section 1, Item 1. 

Management decisions determined by -

Mark (X) only one box for each item 

Landlord only Tenant only Landlord and 

tenant jomtly 1. SelectIOn of fertilizer 

and chemicals 

2. Cultivation practices 

3. Selection of crop varIetIes 

or livestock breeds 

4. Harvesting decisions 

5. Marketing agricultural products 

224 

225 

226 

227 

226 

Section 9 TYPE OF OWNERSHIP 

Ie 

'LJ 

1[-: 

1[ =1 

1 [: 

MarK (X) the one item which best descflbes the ownership of 

land rented out in 1979. (See enclosed instruction sheet.) 

Land owned by -

1. FAMILY or INDIVIDUAL (sole 

proprIetorship), excludIng 

partnership and corporatIon 

2. PARTNERSHIP. Include family 

partnershIps 

3. CORPORATION INCORPORATED UNDER 

STATE LAW Answer both a and b 

a.ls this a family held corporation? . 

b. Are there more than 10 stockholders? 

242 

2 [J 3[J 

2[-1 3[] 

2[j 3C 

2[J ,[oJ 

2 Cj 3 CJ 

Complete part A 

section 10 

Complete paf! 8 

section 10 

4. OTHER, such as cooperative, estate or trust, prison 

farm, grazing association, Indian reservation, etc. 7DSpecify 

} 

Skip to section 11 

Section 10 CHARACTERISTICS AND OCCUPATION OF LANDLORD 

A. FOR INDIVIDUAL AND PARTNERSHIP LANDLORDS. Senior partnor 

should report for partnershIps. 

1. RESIDENCE 

a. Where does the landlord live? 

Not on the land in section 1, item 1 

b. DIstance of residence from land in 

section 1, item 1 ... 

2. RACE of landlord 

3. SPANISH ORIGIN - Is the landlord (senior 

partner or person In charge) of Spanish 

origin or descent (Mexican, Mexican 

American, Cuban, or other Spanish)? 

4. AGE of landlord 

5. SEX of landlord 

6. CITIZENSHIP of landlord 

7.0CCUPATION of landlord - At what 

occupation did the landlord spend the 

majority of his working time in 1979? 

8. What proportion of the total business income 

(farm and nonfarm) you and your tami ty 

received was from the sale of agricultural 

products and/or rental income from at! 

agricultural lands you owned in 1979? .. 

FORM 7Q·A98 (11-9-79) 

243 10 Ort the land in section 1, item 1 

t

o On another farm 

3D In a rural area, not on a farm 

40 tn a city, town, or urban area 

244 

{ 

0 Less tha~ 5 miles 

205-24.9 miles 

3025-49.9 miles 

4050 mi les and over 

245{ oWhite 

2 0 Negro or Black 

3 OAmerican Indian 

4 OAsian or Pacific Islander 

5 0 Other - Specuy .. 

246 1 DYES 

247 Years old 

246 'oMale 20 Female 

250 to United States 

251 

20 Other - Specify country~ 

1 [..1 Operating a farm or ranch 

20 Employed by a private 

business for wages, 

salary, or commission 

30 Employed by a Federal, 

State, or local government 

4 0 Self·employed - operating farm 

related bus mess 

5 C1Self-employed operating 

nonfarm related business 

or professional practIce 

(') Cl Retired - previously farming 

or farm related business 

70 Retired - nonfaTm 

related occupatIOn 

6 0 Other - SpeCify). 

253 

{ 

0 Less than 25% 

2025% to 49% 

3050% to 74% 

4.075% to 100'" 

Section 10 Continued 

B. FOR CORPORATION LANDLORDS 

In 1979 did the corporation have any business activities or Interests other than that of a 

landlold, example, own or manage a nonfarm bUSiness or operate another farm or ranch? 

034 1 0 NO - Skip to section 11 

2 [J YES - If "YES" - Did the corporation engage In any of the fol lowing actiVities? 

1. RELATED TO AGRICULTURE 

a. Operate a farm or ranch 

b. Manufacture, dIstribution, sale of 

farm supplies (feed, fertilizer, 

farm machmery, etc.) ..... 

c. ProceSSing of crops, poultry. 

livestock (slaughter plant, 

meat packing, processing, 

canning, milling) ..... . 

d. Wholesalmg, reta!llng of farm 

products (grain elevators, 

liVestock auctions, produce 

markets, other food stores 

including supermarkets, etc.) 

e. Other actIvItIes related to 

farm products 

2. NONAGRICUL TURAL ACTIVITIES 

a. Manufacture of nonagrIcultural 

products 

b. Wholesaling, retailIng of 

nonagricultural products 

c. FInance, Insurance, and (eal estate 

d. Other bUSiness activities 

3. Mark IX) one box to Indicate the 

approprIate sIze of total bUSIness 

receipts (farm and nonfarm) of the 

corporation in 1979 

4. Of the total receIpts from all sources, 

what proportIon was from the sale 

of agrIcultural products and/or renta! 

Income from all agrIcultural lands 

owned and/or operated? 

5, Does a foreign entIty (company, 

indiVIdual, government, etc.) own 

any of the voting stoCk or other 

equity rights of the corporation? 

266 1 DYES - MarK (X) one to 

indicate percent 

of ownerShip 

2 ONO - Go to section 11 

255 

1 [."YES 2 CJNO 

256 1 CJ YES 

257 1 [J YES 

258 1 L; YES 2CNO 

259 

, i~j YES - Specdy il 2 C NO 

260 

I C]YES 2C,NO 

261 

1 [] YES 2C]NO 

262 1 [] YES 2 [JNO 

263 t 0 YES - Spectfyi. 20 NO 

264 

t C! Less than $I 00.000 

2 C! $1 00,000 to $499,999 

J 0$500.000 to $999.999 

4 CJ$l,OOO,OOO or more 

26{S t 0 Less than .25% 

2 CJ 25% to 4~'o 

3 D5(}}o to 74"" 

«. [] 75% or more 

267 

{

' 0 Less than 10% 

2010 to 24% 

3025 to 4GQ, 

_0 50% 

5 C]51 to 99% 

60 100', 

Section 11 REMARKS AND EXPLANATIONS 

Section 12 SIGNATURE OF PERSON COMPLETING THIS REPORT - Pl •••• ch.ck your 

answers, tlMn Sign below. 

Page 3 

MarK (X) one 

DOwner of land 

oAgent 

Name 12M Date 

I 269 Area code I Numbe, Telephone -------..,~ •• II "I 

267 
268 REPORT FORMS 79-A9A-L 1A 

79-A9A-l1A 

(12-79) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

FROM THE DIRECTOR 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Washington. D.C. 20233 

OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR 

Rep Iy to: 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

1201 EAST TENTH STREET 

JE FFERSONV IL L E. I NDI ANA 47132 

We are asking your cooperation in providing information for the 1979 Farm Finance Survey 

that we are sending to a small sample of farm and ranch operators. By obtaining this information from a scientifically selected sample, we can make reliable State estimates at much 

less cost than if we requested the information from all farm and ranch operators. 

With rapidly changing cost-price relationships and the increasing use of credit, up-to-date 

information on the financial condition of agriculture in your State is urgently needed. You 

are the only source from which all the necessary information for this important survey can 

be obtained. Your report, when combined with information furnished by others, will provide totals on the financial condition of farmers and ranchers for the year 1979. 

Please fill out and return the enclosed report form within 20 days in the preaddressed 

envelope provided. Many questions on the form may not be applicable to your operation. 

These may be skipped by following the instructions on the form. If book figures are not 

available, please give your best estimates. 

Your response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, United States Code). By the same 

law, your report to the Bureau of the Census is confidential. It may be seen only by sworn 

Census employees and may be used only for statistical purposes. 

If filing within the time period causes an undue burden, a request for an extension may be 

sent to the above address. Include the 11-digit Census File Number (CFN) as shown in your 

address label on all correspondence to us. 

Your cooperation will be greatly appreciated. 

Sincerely, 

VINCENT P. BARABBA 

Enclosures 
79-A9A-L2A 

79-A9A-L2A 

(1-80) 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUS 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Many farmers and ranchers across the Nation have already completed and returned their 

reports for the 1979 Farm Finance Survey. If you have already done so, we appreciate 

your promptness and thank you for it. 

If you have not completed and returned your report form, please do so within the next 

couple of days. Since the farms in this survey were drawn by lot in a selected cross-section 

sample of all agricultural operations, the lack of data for any selected farm will be harmful 

to the accuracy of the results. It is highly important that we receive a report from everyone 

in the sample. If you did not conduct any agricultural operations in 1979, it is equally 

important for us to hear from you. Please complete items 1 through 4 of section 1, explain 

in section 14, complete section 15 of the report form, and return it to us immediately so 

that further followups can be eliminated. 

In case your report has been lost or mislaid, we are enclosing another copy for your use. 

A preaddressed envelope is also enclosed for your convenience. 

If you have any questions about this report, please write to us at the above address. Please 

include the 11-digit Census File Number (CFN) appearing in the upper left-hand corner 

of the address label on your correspondence. 

Thank you for your cooperation. 

Sincerely, 

~p~ RICHARD B. QUANRUD 

Enclosures 

269 
270 REPORT FORMS 79-A9A-L3A 

79-A9A-L3A 

(3-80) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGR ICUL TURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

We have not received your completed report for the 1979 Farm Finance Survey, which was 

mailed to you in March. If you mailed your report within the last several days, it has 

probably crossed this letter in the mail. If so, please disregard this reminder and accept 

our thanks for your cooperation. 

If you have not completed and returned your report, please do so immediately. We must 

have your report if the survey results for your State and the Nation are to be accurate 

and complete. Your response is COMPLETELY CONFIDENTIAL by law (title 13, United 

States Code). 

If you have any questions on how to fill out the report form, please write to us at the above 

address using the reverse side of this letter. 

RICHARD B. QUANRUD 

NOTICE - In compliance with the Privacy Act (P.L. 93579) of 1974, we are required 

to inform you that response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, United States 

Code). By the same law YOUR REf>ORT TO THE CENSUS BUREAU IS CONFIDENTIAL. It may be seen only by sworn Census employees and may be used only 

for statistical purposes. Your report CANNOT be used for purposes of taxation, 

investigation, or regulation. The law also provides that copies retained in your files 

are immune from legal process. 
79-A9A-L3A.1 

79-A9A-L3A.l 

(5-80) 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DI RECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

We have not received your completed report for the 1979 Farm Finance Survey. If you 

mailed your report within the last several days, it has probably crossed this letter in the 

mail. If so, please disregard this reminder and accept our thanks for your cooperation. 

If you have not completed and returned your report, please do so immediately. We must 

have your report if the survey results for your State and the Nation are to be accurate 

and complete. Your response is COMPLETELY CONFIDENTIAL by law (title 13, United 

States Code). 

If you have any questions on how to fill out the report form, please write to us at the above 

address using the reverse side of this letter. 

Sincerely, 

RICHARD B. QUANRUD 

NOTICE - In compliance with the Privacy Act (P.L. 93579) of 1974, we are required 

to inform you that response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, United States 

Code). By the same law YOUR REPORT TO THE CENSUS BUREAU IS CONFIDENTIAL. It may be seen only by sworn Census employees and may be used only 

for statistical purposes. Your report CANNOT be used for purposes of taxation, 

investigation, or regulation. The law also provides ~hat copies retained in your files 

are immune from legal process. 

271 
272 REPORT FORMS 79-A9A-L4A 

79-A9A-l4A 

(3-80) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

\ Your completed report for the 1979 Farm Finance Survey still has not been received. It 

was mailed to you in March and was due 20 days after you received it. We are under a very 

tight schedule and need your report right away. If you have not returned your completed 

report, please complete and return it to us immediately in the preaddressed envelope provided. In case you mislaid the previous report, we have enclosed another copy for your use. 

Response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, United States Code). Let me assure 

you once more that your individual report is COMPLETELY CONFIDENTIAL by law. 

Your answers will be combined with those of other respondents to produce State and 

national totals. 

Each address in our mailing list has a different Census File Number (CFN) and each has to 

be accounted for. If you received several forms with different CFN numbers for the same 

farming operation, mark the extra forms "Duplicate" and return them with your completed 

report, or separately if your completed report has crossed with this request in the mail. 

If you did not conduct any agricultural operations in 1979, it is equally important to hear 

from you. Please complete items 1 through 4 of section 1 and section 15 of the report 

form and return it to us immediately so that furth~r followups will not be necessary. 

Sincerely, 

RICHARD B. QUANRUD 

Enclosures 

IMPORTANT -In all correspondence, please include the 11-digit Census File Number 

shown in the address label of your report form. 
79-A9A-L4A.1 

79-A9A-L4A.l 

(5-801 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Your completed report for the 1979 Farm Finance Survey still has not been received. 

We are under a very tight schedule and need your report right away. If you have not returned your completed report, please complete and return it to us immediately in the 

preaddressed envelope provided. In case you mislaid the previous report, we have enclosed 

another copy for your use. 

Response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, United States Code). Let me assure 

you once more that your individual report is COMPLETELY CONFIDENTIAL by law. 

Your answers will be combined with those of other respondents to produce State and 

national totals. 

Each address in our mailing list has a different Census File Number (CFN) and each has to 

be accounted for. If you received several forms with different CFN numbers for the same 

farming operation, mark the extra forms "Duplicate" and return them with your completed 

report, or separately if your completed report has crossed with this request in the mail. 

If you did not conduct any agricultural operations in 1979, it is equally importantto hear 

from you. Please complete items 1 through 4 of section 1 and section 15 of the report 

form and return it to us immediately so that further followups will not be necessary. 

Sincerely, 

RICHARD B. QUANRUD 

Enclosures 

IMPORTANT - In all correcpondence, please include the 11-digit Census File Number 

shown in the address label of your report form. 

273 
274 REPORT FORMS 79-A9A-L5 

79-A9A-L5 

(3-80) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau af the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Many farmers and ranchers have already completed and returned their report form for the 

1979 Farm Finance Survey. If you have done so, please accept our thanks for your prompt 

cooperation. 

If you have not completed your report form, please note that it is due 20 days from receipt. 

Your cooperation will help ensure that the urgently needed results from this survey will be 

available at the earliest possible date. 

Sincerely, 

RICHARD B. QUANRUD 
79-A9A-L6A 

79-A9A-L6A 

(7-801 

FROM THE AGRICULTURE DIVISION 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

At this time our records still indicate we have not received your completed report for the 

1979 Farm Finance Survey. We realize that this is an extremely busy time of year for you, 

but the importance of the information being collected and the need for early publication 

make it imperative that an immediate reply be received. 

This survey is being conducted in order that farmer organizations, State and Federal 

agencies, and others will have more recent and comprehensive data for making decisions 

that will affect you and other farm operators. Without your report the results of this survey 

will not be as reliable as intended. It is to everyone's interest that decisions made in regard 

to farm loans and other financial and credit matters be based on the most reliable data 

available. 

If you have not already done so, please take a few minutes and complete the report form 

you received several weeks ago, and mail it to us immediately. This will help assure reliable 

results from this survey and reduce the cost of further followups. To help save time, or if 

your records are not easily accessible, you may use estimates in completing this report. 

If you do not think the report form pertains to your operation, please complete as much 

of the report as possible and return it along with an explanation so that we will be able to 

process your return. 

If you have questions on how to complete the report, please write to us at the above address 

using the reverse side of this letter. 

Thank you for your cooperation. 

Sincerely, 

~/oL?~~ ARNOLD L. BOLLENBACHER 

Chief, Agriculture Division 

275 
276 REPORT FORMS 79-A9B-L1 

79-A9B-L1 

(12-79) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

FROM THE DIRECTOR 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Washington. D.C. 20233 

OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR 

Reply to: 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

1201 EAST TENTH STREET 

JEFFERSONVILLE, INDIANA 47132 

We are asking for your cooperation in providing information for the 1979 Farm Finance 

Survey. 

Your name was given to us as owning or controlling land used for agricultural operations by 

the person or company whose name is entered in the top line of the address label. To minimize the cost of the survey, only a small sample of farms was selected for each State. 

With rapidly changing cost-price relationships and the increasing use of credit, up-to-date 

information on the financial condition of agriculture in your State is urgently needed. You 

are the only source from which all the necessary information for this important survey can 

be obtained. Your report, when combined with information furnished by others, will provide totals on the financial condition of agriculture for your State for 1979. 

Please fill out and return the enclosed report form within 20 days in the preaddressed 

envelope provided. Many questions on the form may not be applicable to your operation. 

These may be skipped by following the instructions on the form. If book figures are not 

available, please give your best estimates. 

Your response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, United States Code). By the same 

law, your report to the Bureau of the Census is confidential. It may be seen only by sworn 

Census employees and may be used only for statistical purposes. 

If filing within the time period causes an undue burden, a request for an extension may be 

sent to the above address. Include the 11-digit Census File Number (CFN) as shown in your 

address label on all correspondence to us. 

Your cooperation will be greatly appreciated. 

Sincerely, 

VINCENT P. BARABBA 

Enclosures 
79-A9B-L2 REPORT FORMS 

79-A9B-L2 

(1-801 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Many of the agricultural landlords across the Nation have already completed and returned 

their reports for the 1979 Farm Finance Survey. If you have already done so, we appreciate 

your promptness and thank you for it. 

If you have not completed and returned your report, please do so as soon as possible. 

Since this survey consists of the farms drawn by lot in a selected cross-section sample 

of all agricultural operations, the lack of data for any selected farm will be harmful to the 

accuracy of the results. It is highly important that we receive a report from everyone in 

the sample. Prompt reply will eliminate the need for further followups. 

I n case your report has been lost or mislaid, we are enclosing another copy for your use. 

A preaddressed envelope is also enclosed for your convenience. 

If you have any questions about this report, please write to us at the above address. In all 

correspondence to us, please include the 11-digit Census File Number (CFN) appearing in 

the upper left-hand corner of the address label on your report form. 

Thank you for your cooperation. 

~~~ RICHARD B. QUANRUD 

Enclosures 

277 
278 REPORT FORMS 79-A9B-L3 

79-A9B-l3 

(1-801 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Date: 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

We have not received your completed 1979 Farm Finance Survey report which was mailed 

to you recently. If you mailed your report within the last several days, it may have crossed 

this letter in the mail. If so, please disregard this reminder and accept our thanks for your 

cooperation. 

If you have not completed and returned your report, please do so immediately. We must 

have your report if the survey results for your State and the Nation are to be accurate and 

complete. Your response is COMPLETELY CONFIDENTIAL by law (title 13, United 

States Code). 

If you have any questions on how to complete the report, please write to us at the above 

address using the reverse side of this letter. 

Sincerely, 

~~~ RICHARD B. QUANRUD 

NOTICE - In compliance with the Privacy Act (P.L. 93579) of 1974, we are required 

to inform you that response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, United States 

Code). By the same law YOUR REPORT TO THE CENSUS BUREAU IS CONFIDENTIAL. It may be seen only by sworn Census employees and may be used only 

for statistical purposes. Your report CANNOT be used for purposes of taxation, 

investigation, or regulation. The law also provides that copies retained in your files 

are immune from legal process. 
79-A9B-L4 

79-A9B-L4 

(1-80) 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Your completed report for the 1979 Farm Finance Survey still has not been received. 

It was due 20 days after you received it. We are on a very tight schedule for publishing 

the data for your State and need your report right away. If you have not returned your 

completed report, please complete and return it to us immediately in the preaddressed 

envelope provided. In case you mislaid the previous report form, we have enclosed another 

copy for your use. 

Response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, United States Code). Let me assure 

you once more that your individual report is COMPLETELY CONFIDENTIAL by law. 

Your answers will be combined with those of other respondents to produce State and 

national totals. 

Sincerely, 

#~/?f~ RICHARD B. QUANRUD 

Enclosures 

IMPORTANT-In all correspondence, please include the 11-digit Census File Number 

shown in the address label of your report form. 

279 
280 REPORT FORMS 

DUE DUE, 20 DAYS AFTER RECEIPT OF FORM Form ApprovC!ld: D.M.B. No. 41-.579045 

~~T~~!S~S R:~::~ei:oC~~:I~~~i~r. iSIt,e~~rebde b~e~: :;11~e b~3·s~;~ CC:~!'usB:~~o;:= ~:'~; r::=:;~.: ~~~~,l9-A19.1 only fO( statistical purposes. TM law also provides t .... t copies retained in your flle. are Immune from le,al process. 

U,S. DEpARTMENT OF COMMERCE BURI!AU OF TH. CI!.NIUS 

In corr •• poftd.nc. portoln'I"" to this report, pie ••• ,..f.r to the 11·dlglt Conlu,s fll. Humber (CFN). 

CENSUS OF HORTICUL TURIIL SPECIIIL TIES 

GREENHOUSE PRODUCTS, NURSERY 

PRODUCTS, MUSHROOMS, AND SOD 

COMPLETE AND'" RETURN T.O / 

Buteau of the Con&u& 

120 1 Ent T .nth Str •• t J.H.nonvill., Indiana 47132 

CENSUS USE OHl Y 

'" 1° 13 1

0

'" I Ol!> 

(Please CoIUlct My errors In nane and ttddress Including ZIP code) ". 1°17 

Important PLEASE READ INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE COMPLETING EACH ITEM. 

SECTION I TYPE OF HORTICULTURAL OPERATION IN 1979 

1. Type of business - Ntark (X) 0/1 appropriate boxes 

O2() '0 Bedding plant grower 1 0 Bulb grower 

20 Foliage plant grower 2 CJ Vegetable seed grower 

3D Potted flowering plants and/or cut flower grower 3D Mushroom grower 

.0 Nurseryman - Grows and sells wood~ plants. .. 0 Other grower - Specify ________________ _ 

including fruit trees and environmentals !> 0 Florist _ Sells but does not grow own flowers. and plants _ Skip to section' 7 

!> 0 Sod grower 6 0 Garden center operator - Sells but does not grow own flowers and plants _ 

e 0 Greenhous.e vegetable grower Skip to section 17 

70 Flower seed grower 7 0 Othe~ korticuIturaI operator - Specify ____________ _ 

2. Type of ownership - friork (X) the (Jppropriate box 

022 I [..1 Individual proprietor 20 Partners.hip 30 Corporation 

3. Do you have more than one place of business? 

023 '0 NO - Go [0 section 2 20 YES - Give information"requested below for EACH place of business. Include 0/1 places of business 

;n this report. (If (Jny explanations or remarks are necessary. enter them in section 17.) 

Name of establishment Address (Number and srroet, RD number, city or post office, Stere, ZIP code) 

SECTION 2 We •• any FLOWERING PLANTS OR PLANTS TO PRODUCE CUT FLOWERS OR GREENS grown on thi'l plan in 1979? 

1 C] YES - Complete parts A, e, C, and D. 

2 0 NO - Go to section 3 

• Port A - Potted Flowering Plants _ Enter plant names and codes from list below for items I and 2. 

Complete Items 3 through 5 for 01/ plants grown; indicote "None" for items not applicable. 

o None 

1. Plant name 

2. Code 

J. Specify unIt of sales: hanging baskets. 

or pots 

Type of operatiGn County 

Q, A ... erage number of plants per unit, . 1-:------+.,--------1'-;------+~-----t-;-------lI-;-----__:__i 4. Total "ol.s. _ Include both wholesale 

ond reta,l 

o. Total number of unIts sold 

b. Number sold by size of pot 

(1) Under -4 Inches 

(2) -4 through 6 Inches 

(3) Over 6 Inches. 

c. Total gross sales - Dollars only 

d. Gross sales by size of pot -

Dol/ars only 

(l) Under -4 Inches 

(2) -4 through I:. Inches 

(J) Over I:. Inches 

5. Whol ... al. &01 ... only 

o. Number of units sold - 'ndude 

hanging baskets 

b. Gross sales _ Dollars only 

Planl Halfte 

Azalea 

BelOnl'" 

Cal.;eGllIIrU~ 

Chr.Sfmlllt Cherry 

Chrosuf"u P!'£p« 

Repor' cuI flowtHS In ~rt B 

Code 

02< 

0" 

046 

057 

0611 

" 

Plont ,",ame 

Chrysanthermum" 

Cyclamen 

Daffodil (Nar';lssusj* 

FuchSia 

Geraniums 

.00 

.00 • 

.00 So 

.00 S 

" .00 • 

.00 .00 

.00 • .00 

.00 • .00 

.00 • .00 

.00 • .00 

Code Plant Home 

079 GlOXinia 

090 HyaClnth* . 

101 Hydrangea. 

112 Lily. Easter and other· 

123 Orch.ds'" 

.00 • .00 .00 

• .00 , .00 • .00 

• .00 • .00 • .00 

S .00 • .00 , .00 

'. • .00 • .00 • .00 

Code Plant ,",o,"e Code ". Poinsenia. 189 

145 Rose* 200 

'''' Salntpaulia (Affl.;an Violet) .. 211 

167 Tulip*. 222 

178 Other - Specify on line 1 DboV8. 233 

79-A19.1 
79-A19.1 REPORT FORMS 

SECTION 2 Continued 

• Part 8 _ Cut Flowers - Enter plant nome and code from the list below. (For Hawaii, also see section 16.) 

o None 

1. Plant name 

2. Code 

3. Speedy unit of sales, for example, 

dozen, bunch, each, etc. 

o. Average number of stems per unit 

4. Totol sales _ Include both wholesale 

and retail 

a. Number of Units sold 

b. Gross sales - Dollars only 

5. Wholnole sales only 

a. Number of unitS sold 

b. Gross sales - Dollars only 

Pl<rIt Name Code 

Anthurium. ". Aster ... .. .249 Bird of Paradi'$~ 'e5t;e'ht~la) 2>4 Carnation, standard .. . 259 CarmHion, miniature 264 Chrysanthemum, pom~on .. 2'9 Chrysanthemum, standard 27' Chrysanthemum, Fuji or 

spider ... . 279 Daffodil (Narclssu~)' . 28' Dahlia 289 

1.00 

I' 

I· 100 Plol'lt Nome 

Daisies. 

Delpt'llnium 

FreeSia 

Gardenia . 

Ginger. 

Gladiolus 

GypsoPhlla 

Hyacinth . 

jris 

Lily of ;h:e'Va'll'ey 

Lily, Easter and oth'e; 

100 100 1 i 

I, I, I, 

1.00 Ii 1.00 Code Plant Ngme 

29. QH:hid, CattleYII .. 

299 Orchid, Cymbidium 30. Orchid, Cyprlpedlum : 

309 Orchid, V<!Inda 314 Orchid, other .. 319 Roses, Hybrid TeO!! 

324 (Standard) . 

329 Roses. Sweethe'afl or 

334 mltllature 

339 Snapdragon 

344 Statice 

1.00 1 i 100 

I, I, 

1.00 Il 1.00 r.-

Cod; Plont Nom_ 

3 .. StephanotiS 

3>4 Stock 

"9 Tulips 3" VioletS 

3'9 Zlnn,a 

Other c~t'fiowers37' Sp-&clfyon line I 

.bo~ 

379 

384 

3.9 

• Part C - Unfinished Stock: Unpotted Plants, Rooted Cuttings, etc.,for growing on - Enter plan( nome and code from list be/ow. 

1.00 

1.00 

Cod. 

39. 

399 

'0' '.9 

... 

'19 

LI Sl additional plon(s on a separate sheet. 

[JNone r------------.-----------.------------~----------_r----------~r_--------~ 

1. Plant name 

2. Code 

3. Specify unit of sa les, for exam!)le, 

dozen, flats, packs, each, etc. 

o. Average number of plants per unit 

4. Totol sales _ Include both wholesale 

and retail 

a. Number of units sold 

b. Gross sales - Dollars only 

5. Wholesol. sales only 

o. Number of units sold 

b. Gross sales - Dollars only 

Planf Home 

Azalea 

Begonia. . . 

Cacti and succulents 

Code 

42' 

.29 

'34 

I· 1.00 I, 

100 I; Plant Home 

Carnation 

Chrysanthemum 

Foliage plants 

1.00 I, 1.00 $ 1.00 I. 1.00 IS 100 

100 I; 1.00 I; 1.00 !; 1.00 Inn <:.;de ~~~e Code ~ Co..- 439 GardenlD '5' POinsettia "9 .44 Geranium '59 Sl'lIntpaul,a '7' "9 Hydrangea ,.' Other - Speedy on ii~e ; ~bove. .79 

• Port D _ Cut Cultivated Greens - Enter plant nome and code fram (he list below. 

l~;None r-----------,------------r------------.-----------_r----------~----------~ 

1. Plant name 

2. Code 

3. Specify Unit of sales, for example. 

dozen, bunch, each, etc. 

o. Average number of stems per unit 

4. Total sales _ InClude both wholesale 

and retail 

o. Number of units sold 

b. Gross sales - Dollars only 

5. Wholesale sales only 

o. Number of units sold 

b. Gross sales - Dol/ars only 1.00 

100 1$ 1.00 I. 1.00 I. Too Too 

100 1·00 I~ 100 Ii Too T .00 Plant Home Code P'." N.me Code P,." N.me -Cod; PT.;;;!Nem. Cede 

529 

.5304 

Asparagus Plumosus. 

BOl(wood. 

484 Emerald. 499 Leatherle ... f 514 Sprengeti. 

489 Holly. 504 Pmosporum 519 Ti Leaves. 

C(oton .. 494 Ivy. 509 Slmriax. 524 Ottter. '" SECTION 3 '1100 .,y ., •• u •• d t. p,.duc ••• I.ct.d Cut FI.w.", FI.w''',g P .... d PI.nh, B.dd;ng PI.nh,-;;;;d pl.nt. t. p,aduc ••• I.ctod ;!em.? 

1. Anthuriums. 

I 0 YES - Complete the table below. 

2 [J NO - Go to section 4 

2. Bedding plants, Flowering and Foliar types 

3. Bedding plants, Vegetable types. 

4. Carnation', standard. 

5. Carnation, miniature 

Gross area intended for Total plants 

grown In 1979 Gross area In 

pro.:iucti()(\ in 1979 

None~~iN;uim~OOi'~~~,-------------------_+~----·-,oo-u-c-"-~--;n-'-~-o ____ ~ L- I 1::: 1'" Sq. f,. I'" Sq. h 

L.::I 1\:'::1'<6 Sq. fe I" S •. h. 

U 1':'::::::':::';:::':,,:,:,\\\\\)1'" Sq. h. I'" Sq. h. 

[I I'" I'" SQ. h. I'" SQ. h 

"SO SQ. h. I 555 SQ. " 

281 
282 REPORT FORMS 79-A19.1 

SECTION .j W.,. any BEDDING PLA.NTS (including bedding vegetablu) gro.n for ut. on this place in 1979? ",. I 0 YES - Compl.t. table b./ow. Enter plant name and code from the list below for items I and 2. Complete items] through 5 for all plants grown. Indicate "None" for items not applicable. 

2~NO - Go to sectIon 5 

1- Plant name 

2. Code 

3. Specify unit of sales. for example. 

dozen. flats (1IX22"), packs, or 

specify unit and size 

Q. Average number of plants per unit 

4. T otol aaln - Include both wholesale , , , , , , 

and retail 

Q. Total number of units sold 

b. Total gross sales - Dollars only ~ \.00 ; \.00 : .00 : .00 : .00 s .00 

3 3 3 · 3 

5. Wholesale sales only 

a. Number of units sold 

b. Gross sales - Dol/ars only • 100 I; 1. 00 ; .00 ; .00 ; .00 S .00 

Plant Mgme _ Floweu; Cod. PIOT\f Mame _ Flowers Code Plant Name _ Vegetables Code 

Aletatum. '" Marigold ". Brocc;oli '59 Alyssum ". Pansy '24 Cab bale . Belonla '" '" Petun!a '2' Peppers. swe~t'or 'hot ". Coleus. , .. Portulac;1!I ,3< TomBtoes .. Dusty Miller. 'D. SalVia '3' Other _ Specify on iine i above '" 67' Get~nlUms 'D. Snapdragon .. , Impa{je"s '14 Zm"ia . ... Other _ Specify 011 /llle i above '54 

SECTION 5 Wer. there any FOLIAGE PLANTS grawn for sale on this place in 1979? 

oos I CJ YES - Complete table below by enterinq appropriate nome and cOde-/rom the list bo/ow. 

,[] NO - Go to section 6 

1- Plant name 

2. Code 

J. Specdy unit of sales: hanging 

bas kets, pots. etC. 

o. Average number of plants per unit 

, , , , .. Total sales - Include both wholesale 

and (eta! f 

a. Total number of units sold. 

2 2 2 2 2 

b. Number sold by size of pot 

(1) Under <I Inches 

3 3 

(2) 4 through 6 Inches 

· · . · . . (3) Over 6 Inches , , c. Total gross sales - Dollars only • .00 S .00 I' \.00 \. .00 S .00 • .00 

· · · . d. Gross sales by size of pot -

Del/ars only 

1,,"-1' .00 S .00 .00 (1) Under 4 Inches • \.00 s .00 s • 

(2) 4 through 6 Inches \. \.00 .00 \ S ,.00 \S .00 s .00 s .00 

I: 1

00 · \.00 I,' ! .00 \: .00 : .00 : -'""- (J) Over 6 Inches \ S 

5. Wholes.o[e sales only · a. Number of units sold -

Include hanging baskets 

b. Gross sales - Dol/ars only :;' , .00 I ~' .00 I:' .00 I; .00 I ~' .00 I:' 1.00 

Plant Marne Code Plan' "om. Code Plan' "am. 

Cac(l .and SU<CI.Jlencs .. ~~~. '" Ivy. .' 728 Schefflera 

Oleffenb.achl.a. '95 Palms. 739 Other _ Specify pn /ille f 

Dr.aCo!len.a. 706 Philodendron 750 above ... ... .. 772 

Ferns 717 

Area in production Expected area in Cost of purchased In 1979 productIon fot 1980 plants and cutllngs 

6. Foltage plants. for Indoor or patIo use- Squdfe feer SquaN) leer Oolla(s onty 

Exclude hangIng baskets 

I'" 1'8< !:::'::::':::':':'\'",,':"':':' ""t)t ,. Area In benches and beds 

b. What was the cOSt of unfinIshed folIage plants and rooted '::t'): cuttmgs purchased from other growers for growing on? ;" ::::::'::"\)\:::::':: :':':':':' :"':'" .00 

SECTION 6 Wen SOD grown for sale on thi!> place in 1979? Va!u~~;I~:~es In 1979 '" ,r I YES - Comple,e section below Acres harvested only 

, :NO - Go to sec lion 7 , Ton,h, Ta"[ ,ra" [ w~~?::,f:[;,~,~', 

,.. : I. Sad grown fOI sale. 1[0 I;" 1·00. ;" \0"-

SECTION 7 We,e BULBS, CORMS, or RHIZOMES grown 

Ams harvested vaIU~~:J~~~e:n:~ 1979 for sol. on thit place in 1979? 007 , ,- i YES - Complet. nction below 

2: __ J NO - Go to seclJon 8 Wh,[e : Ton'" [ ,ra" [ w~~~::,~:[~:"" 

I'" ~ i'" 1.00 I;" .00 1- Bulbs. corms, or rhizomes gro ..... n for sale 

Pu,e 3 
79-A19.1 REPORT FORMS 283 

SECTION 8 Were any CUL TlVATEO MUSHROOMS grown for sale- on this place in 19791 - See Information Sheet 

008 , : YES - Complete section below valueD~fll~~;e~n'J~ 1979 

'NO - Go to sectIOn 9 Pounds Bed area ': produced Square lef't T o~ I "0" ,.1" wt~~::,:'::,:~, 

'" '" '" m 

1. Cultivated mushrooms , .00 , .00 

SECTION 9 Were there any N.URSERY PRODUCTS grown for sole on this place in 1979? 

'" 1 :-~l YES - Complete parts A, B, and C below 

': ' NO - Go to section 10 

· Port A - How many nursery produced plants were sold in 1979? 

None TO";oIO Total sales '.Ie,' 

1. Field grown plants ! '" I;" 100 ;" .00 

'" eoo 2. Container grown plants , '" ! .00 , .00 

3. Other - Specify 1 I'" I;" .00 :0' ., .00 

· Port B - Lining-out stocK - Inc lude undersloe k for budding and 

grafting - Enter name and code (rom the liS! below . 

• None 

1. Plant name or plant group 

2. Code 

3. Total sales - Include both wholesale 

and retail 

o. Number sold 

, 

1.00 Is 1.00 is 1.00 ,s b. Gross sales - Do/lors only -'- .00 I' .00 I' .00 

, , , , , , 4. Wholesale sales only 

o. Number sold 

b. Gross s<lles - Dollars only s .00 S 1.00 Is 1.00 Is 1.00 • -,00 I' ~ 

FRUIT AND NUT STOCK Code DECIDUOUS ENVIRONMENTALS Code EVERGREEN ENVIRDNMENTALS Cod .. 

CHrus stock B05 A,h 817 Azalea. Rhododendron. .837 DeCIduous fruH ilnd nut slock BOO M;;tple. 821 jur'llper .841 Other evergreen frUit and nut stock. 813 O.k 825 PUle. ... 845 Rose 829 Spruce .849 Other BJJ Yew. .. 853 Other. .857 

· Part C - Environmental Plants, Fruit and Hut Treu, Grapevines, and 

Small Fruii' Plants. - Enter name and code from list below: 

; I None 

1. Plant name o( plant group 

2. Code 

3. Total sales - Include both wholesale 

and retail 

o. Number so Id 

b. Gross sales - Do/lo(s only I' .00 , I .00 , I .001' 1·00 I, •. 00 , 1.00 , , 4. Wholesale sales only 

, , , , 

o. Number sold 

b. Gross S<lles - Dollars only I' .00 , 1·00 , 100 I: 100 I s .00, : .00 

DECIDUOUS SHADE TREES Code DECIDUOUS FLOWERING TREES Code OTHER ENVIRONMENTAU Code 

A,h 861 Apple 877 DeCiduous Shrubs (except roses) 905 Maple. 865 Cherry and plum 881 Herbaceous plants '09 Oak. 869 Dogwood 885 Roses. 913 Other B73 I"\1l.gnolla B89 Vmes 917 Peach. 893 Otner envtTonmen'tals 921 Pear 897 Other 901 

BRDAD.LEAF EVERGREENS Codo NARROW_LEAF EVERGREENS Codo FRUIT AND NUT PLANTS Code 

Azalea. Rhododendron 92' juniper .. 94S Citrus and subtropical fruit trees ... 965 

Euonymus '" Pn,e. '" DeCiduous frUt! and nut trees. .. 969 Holly 9J3 Spruce . 953 Grapevines. 973 Ptllosporum 937 Yew. 957 Small fruil plants' ('str~~be'rr'y: . 

Other ,J] Other .961 blueberry. etc.). .977 

SECTiON .10 Were any VEGETABLE SEEDS or VEGETABLES grown under gloss or other protection 

for sal" on this place in 1979? - Report beddIng vegetable plants in section 4. 

010 I [,1 YES - Comple-te section below 

2: L.J NO - Go to sectIon II Va lueD~fll~~;e~"'J~ 1979 

!~·o:~·.~~~:~.~',~~: A,,", " Ih. 0o.n 

Whol. 

I I w'i:~,~~:,~'~, im '"'' Tonlh, 

los' '" !. Vegetable seed ! IIO[ :" 1.00 :" .00 

I'" ,',}' "'/:: ,::",,:,::}:[':' 2. Cucumbers 1.00 I;" .00 

I'" ;:: I:" .00 1';0 3. Lettuce loo 

I" '" .4. Tomatoes , .00 I~' 1·00 

'" ", I'" 5. Other vegetables - SpeCIfy , .·~I' 1·00 

'" I'" , ' i .00 Is [.00 FORM 7 ·AIII ! lIt • .?:.]II) Pa e 4 
284 

SECTION 11 

REPORT FORMS 

w.,. ony FLOWER SEEDS grown for .01. on thh place in 19791 

I 0 YES - Comp/.t. section below 

20 NO - Go to section 12 Acres grown Value of sales in 1979 

Production Dollars only 

Pounds of cleon seed 1--------,---------1 None Wnol. eo •• ' G.o ... :~."; ••• ,. 

,c' 'C2 

1. Aster 0 110 

I xc. 2.. Marigold 0 

iXO' 3. Petunia. 0 /10 

I XI' 

0 .c. Snapdragon 110 X" 

I" XI. 

5. Stock 0 110 

I'" 6. Sweet Pea. 0 I X2' 

0 

! /10 I Xl' 7. Z1nnia. 

I X2' 8. All other flower seeds Specify 

SECTION 12 LAND, STRUCTURES, EQUIPMENT, AND IRRIGATION 

1. What is your best estimate of the current market value of land and but (dings 

owned and/or rented by thi s bus! ness on Decem bet 31. 1979! .. 

2. What is the estimated market value of all machinery and equipment usually 

kept on this place and used for the hortIcultural operations? ............ . 

3. Did you produce florist crops, bedding plants. foliage plants or nursery products in 1979? 

1 0 YES - Comp/.f. ifems 0 through J b./ow 

2 0 NO - Go to item -4 

c. How much greenhouse space in 1979 was 

used primarily for the production of. . ........ . 

b. How much land covered by shade structures 

(frames. cloth. lath. saran, etc.) was used 

in 1979 primarily for the production of . 

c. (Hawaii only) - How much natural shade area (i.e., 

"hapuu," citrus. etc.) was used in 1979 for the 

produ~tion of 

d. How much land area was used in 1979 for the 

outdoor production of (excluding land covered 

by shade structures) - Report in acres .. 

.(. Did you have land area covered by greenhouses In 1979? 

1 0 YES - Complete items a through f: below 

2 0 NO - Go to item 5 

o. How much land area was covered by greenhouses? 

b. How much of the greenhouse area was under glass? 

c. How much of the greenhouse area was a permanent 

structure covered by plastic film? . 

d. How much of the greenhouse area was under fiberglass? 

Xl' 

Sq. h 

I'" 

Sq. h 

'" 110 Am' 

X51 

110 Am, 

e. What do you estImate the average (FO) sustained temperature to be for heating? 

5. Old you !frigate land In 1979 (exclude land covered by greenhouses)? 

1 C] YES - Complete jtems a through c below 

20 NO - Go to section 13 

a. How many acres were Irngated for the outdoor production of nursery products? .. 

b. How many acres were irrigated for the outdoor production of sod? 

c. How many acres were Irrigated for the production of other horticultural 

products grown In the open? . 

1 

i 

Total, ...... 1 •• 

Sq ..... 

"2 

Sq. h. 

IIOAcres 

1"2 

110 Acre.s 

None 

'" CI 

'" CJ 

CJ 

0 

I ,,0 

0 

1 

; 

! 

;u, 

i -, 

iI:" 

XI. 

I:" 

1X2 

II_ 

Dollars only 

I 

I 

I 

.00 

I .00 

Sq. h 

I'" 

Sq. h. 

I X4. 

110 Am, 

'" 

/IOA"" 

Square feet 

Degrees Fahrenheit 

Nooo A" •• 'n"ated 

1"2 

.00 I ;c. 

.00 1:°. 

.00 r: 1·00 [:" 

"c 1.00 _ 

1·00 I;" 

I X28 

1.00 II Xl2 

1.00 ISq. h. 

Sq. h. 

II o Acres 

It 0 Acres 

o f....,~ ____ ;....._I_'''-10 

0 1'" 

I'" 

110 

o 110 

SECTION 13 SALES AND PURCHASES IN 1979 - Rop •• / such figu.o. to ,ho no.,,,, WHOLE DOLLAR. 

If book fjgur.s or. tlot available, gi",. your best estlmo,e. 

1. What were your gross receIpts or gross sales dunng 1979 of all greenhouse and 

nursery products grown _ cut flowers, flowering and foliage plants (including cacti 

and succulents), bedding plants, cultivated florist greens, nursery products, bulbs, 

flower and vegetable seeds, vegetables grown under glass, cultivated mushrooms, 

and sad? - Do nor include the sale of fertilizer. spray materials. Barden tools, etc. 

2. Of the total gross receipts or gross sales -

a. How much was wholesale sales? . 

b. How much was retail sales? . 

3. What were your returns and allowances (discounts and value of returned merchandise)? 

Doll .. , only 

'" .00 

'" .00 

.00 

I .00 

1.00 

.00 

.00 

1·00 

1.00 

1.00 

1.00 

1·00 

Antl1uriums 

(Hawaii only) 

~,,',',',',',',',',',',',',',"',',',',',',',',',',', 

~,',',',',',',',',',',"',',',',',',',',',',"',',' 

Sq. ft. 

! (IOAcres 

IIOAcres 

79-A 19.1 
79-A19.1 REPORT FORMS 

SECTION 14 SELECTED PRODUCTION EXP EHSES FOR THE TOTAL HORTICUl TURAl OPERATJOtolltol1979 - Report figures to the nearest WHOLE DOLLAR. If book li9IJrflS 0'" not easily Qvailable, 9ive yovr besf ulimate. 

1. What was the cost of plants, seeds, bulbs, and florist and nursery stock purchased and used in 

the production activity during 1979 (include cost of mushroom spawn)? 

2. What was the cost of commercial fertilizer (all forms) used in 1979 (exclude purchases for resale}? 

3. What was the cost of all other agricultural chemicals purchased for use In production activity 

(lime, insectiCides. herbicides, fungicides, other pesticides, etc.)? - Omit fertilizer 

4. Report cost of energy for the hortlcultura! production operation In 1979. 

Include all heating and cooling costs. 

Exclude heal or au conditiOning only for offices, re!OiI outlets, etc. 

None 0;"-'" ~ol; G.llo:: f~;~"",'d S "(~~."y) , 

o. Gasoline Cl l~n ~!'" ~ 

i :" .00 '" 

m 

--"'" b. Diesel fuel 

"a .00 ", 

,so 

I, G.1. c. LP gas, butane, propane. 

i :" ~1"2 " ;.1. d.. Fuel oil 

(-I I'" 

I' 1.00 i e. Natural gas 

f. Kerosene. u I;" ! .00 i: ?? ? i i'i'i; 

g. Electrtcity I;" .. 00 }, \i i) 

h. Other wood, coal, coke, etc. ,_I I:" .00 II i? 

SECTION 15 GREENHOUSE, NURSERY, AND OTHER HORTICUL TURAl LABOR USED ON THIS PLACE IN 1979 

EXclude employees not directly rnvolved In gro .... lng operatIOn, r.e .• garden center clerks. 

If compJeting thiS report before Jonuary 12. 1980, estimate the number of employees 

expected (0 be on the poyroll. 

1. How many employees were on the payroll of thiS bUSiness during the pay period 

Including January 12. 1980 (January 7 thru January 12)? , 

2. How many of the employees on the payroll dUring the pay period Including 

January 12. 1980. hold yeaHound or full-time POSitions) 

3. How many unpaid family members worked for this bUSiness at any time" during the week 

Including January 12, 1980 (January 7 thru January 12)) 

None 

I'" [-I 

'0' 

CJ 

'" [-, 

Do"'" ooly 

I'" 

I ' .00 

i~" 1. 00 

I'" 

'mploy"" 00/"" '"~" 

2 

:;) i;';'; 

;;';;;' 

4. What was the total of the cash wages paid (before taxes and other deductions) 

to employees on the payroll of thiS bUSiness durtng 1979? . [J ';)')/1 " 

~ ~ 5. Of the hired workers In 1979. how many were -

o. Part-time employees (worked less than 150 days)? 

b. Full-time employees (worked 150 days or more)? 

SECTION 16 CUT AND LEI FLOWERS - (FOR HAWAII ONLY) 

Enter pion! nome and code from the Irst below, 

[] 

u 

I'" [' Loo. 

'" I;" .00 

~~lNone ,-----------,------------r------------,------------,------------,------------

1. Plant name 

2. Code 

3. Spe~Ify unit of sales, for example. 

dozen, bunch, each. spray, etc. 

o. Average number of stems per un! t . r,-----------t;------------t-;-----------r,------------t;-------------j-;--------------j 

4. Total sales - Include both wholesale 

and retail 

a. Number of units sold 

b. Gross sales - Dollors only I: 1.00 , .00 --'- Loo I' 1.00 , ...:"".l'. 1.00 

5. Wholesale sales only 

o. Number of units sold 

I' 1.00 I' b. Gross sales - Dollars only I- , .00 I' ~ , lC<J' 1.00 ~ L·oo Cut flower. Code L"l flowers Code Lei f1owe,. Code Orc111d. dendrobium , , , , , , , , VOl Carnation, heilds YI6 Plumena Y36 Protea. S1Jnburst cordlfolium , Y06 Orchid. dendrobium. , , .. , . , Y21 Tuberose Y41 Protea, otl1er ',' . Y11 Orc:l1id, Vanda-Mlss jOilquim ... Y" Otl1er lei f!o~~;s' Y46 Plkake, .. Y" 

SECTION 17 REMARKS AND EXPLANATIONS -If yov r&ported no sales in sections 2 thrv 11, please explain he,.. the type 01 hOrlic:u/tvral enterprise if any, you op"rated in 1979. Also odd any other ,,,marks here. Un additional sheet(s), if necessory, and attach. ' 

I SECTION 18 SIGNATURE of p ... on completing thi. report - Pleo .. check your~ .. ', 'hen sign "-low. 

Naml!l 

I Addrl!lss (Number end street. city. State. ZIP code) 

I:When the U.S. Bureau of the Census data have been tabulated. 

Ilw~id you like a summary sheet showing results for your State?, ' 

FOAM 711-1.18.1111.2.78) 

VI' 

10Yes ,[] No 

Paae 6 

0'" I y" 

Ace, cod. 

285 
286 REPORT FORMS 

INSTRUCTION SHEET 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE BUREAU 01" '("HE C:ENSUS 

1979 CENSUS OF HORTICULTURAL SPECIALTIES 

1. GENERAL 

Please refer to the instructions given below for 

r.ompleting your form. The enclosed census 

report form is being used by producers and 

growers throughout the entire United States. 

Because it is meant for use in all parts of the 

country, it may contain sections and inquiries 

which do not apply to you. In this case, mark 

the "None" or "No" box and go on to the next 

item or section. 

2. IF YOU RECEIVE MORE THAN ONE 

REPORT FORM 

If you have multiple horticulture operations, 

you should complete a report for EACH 

SEPARATE and DISTINCT production unit, 

that is, each individual greenhouse, nursery, 

etc., or combination of establishments, etc., for 

which you maintain SEPARATE records of 

operating expenses and sales, inventories, and 

production. Return any duplicate or extra 

report forms (if possible in the same envelope 

with the report(s) you com'plete) so we can 

remove the extra addresses from our mail 

register. In the space to the right of the address 

label of the report form you complete, write 

the t l·digit Census File Number (CFN) from 

the label of the extra form or forms. 

In the cooperative data collection effort 

between the Bureau of the Census and the 

U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), your 

name and address may have been included by 

both. Although we halle done our best to unduplicate the lists, we know it is not possible to 

recognize and delete all alternate addresses 

before mailing. If you received a report form 

from both the Bureau of the Census and the 

USDA you should: 

a. Indicate on both forms that you have 

received a duplicate from the other agency. 

(1) On the USDA form, write down the 

t l·digit CFN number located in the 

mailing label of the census form. 

(2) On the census form, wrIte down the 

lO·digit 10 source number located in 

the mailing label of the USDA form. 

(3) Enter the correct name and/or address 

if the labels are in error. 

h, Complete the USDA form. 

c. Return each form to Its' respective agency in 

the envelope prOVIded. 

3. PARTNERSHIP OPERATIONS 

A partnership is an association of two or more 

persons who have agreed (informally or under 

legal contract) on the amount of their contribu· 

tlons and profit distributions. 

Complete only ONE report for the entire part· 

nership operation, including all partners' shares 

on the same report. If two or more report 

forms were received tor the partnership, see 

Instruction ~ above. 

Partners who also have separate operations of 

their own should complete reports for those 

separate operations. For additional information on partnerships, see section 1 in 

instruction 5. 

4. HOW TO ENTER YOUR RESPONSES ON 

THE REPORT FORM 

Please enter your answers in the proper spaces, 

on the correct lines, and in the units requested, 

i.e., doHars, pot sile, pounus, etc, Write any 

cxp!anatlon outside the answer spaces or on a 

separate sheet of paper. Enter whole numbers 

unless the "Tenths" column is provided, such as 

reporting flower seeds in section 11. I f you 

have 1/2, 1/4, or 1/3 of an acre, convert to the 

neawst tenths. For example, convert 1/2 to 

5/10.1/3!0 3110,1/4!0 2/10, .!c. 

If you do not have exact figures, please give 

your best estimate~. You may indicate "Est." 

(tor estimated) beside the answer jf you like. 

F or all dollar items, we need only W"hole 

dollars; cents are not required. 

5. COMPLETING THE REPORT FORM 

Section 1 - Type of Horticultural Operation in 

1979 

Item 1 - Type of Businass - Mark (X) in all 

appropriate boxes which best describe the type of 

business or actillity you performed during 1979. 

If you did not operate any type of horticultural 

operation during any part of 1979, you should: 

a. Skip to section 18 and complete Name, 

Address, Telephone number, etc. 

b. Explain briefly in section 17 (Remarks and 

Explanations) or on a separate paper that 

you did not operate a horticultural business 

in 1979, for example, "Business leased to 

others," "Sold business," "Date of sale," 

"Date of lease," "Date of retirement," etc. 

The date{s) the transaction occurred are 

essential. If you sold your business or leased 

it out to others, please give the name and 

address of the current owner or operator, 

if known. 

If you marked Florist, Garden Center Operator. or 

other non grower horticulture operator, then you 

should skip to section 17 and give a brief explana· 

tion of the type of horticultural operation you 

operated in 1979. 

Item 2 - Type of Ownership - Use the following 

definitions to assist you in determining the type of 

ownership for your operation: 

Individual Proprietor (or Family Operation) -

Defined as a business organization controlled 

and operated by an individual (includes family 

operations that are not incorporated and not 

operated under a partnership agreement). 

Partnership - Defined as two or more persons 

who have agreed on the amount of their contribution (capital and effort) and the distribution 

of profits. Co·ownership of land by husband 

and wife or joint filing of income tax forms by 

husband and wife do not constitute a 

partnership, unless the agreement to share 

contributions, decisionmaking, profits, and 

liabilities exists. Producing products under 

contract or under share rental agreements do 

not constitute partnerships. 

Corporation - Defined as a legal entity or arti· 

ficial person created under the laws of a State 

to carryon a business; does not include 

cooperatIVes. 

Sections 2-11 and 16 - Greenhouse Products, 

Nursery Products, Mushrooms, and Sod 

Sections 2 through 11 and 16 provide space for 

reporting products harvested during the year 1979. 

Please report your products in the appropriate 

section. If you harvested more than one different 

crop from the same area or acreage, report the area 

or acreage for each different crop and fill in the 

appropriate answer spaces related to each crop 

harvested. If you have more than one harvest of 

the same crop on an area, report the area or 

acreage only once. However, since the value of 

multiple harvests usually appears high, it would 

help census accuracy if you will note in the margin 

how many harvests you made of that crop from 

one area. 

Cold frames - F or products grown in hot beds 

or cold frames, report only the area in the beds 

or frames. 

In the open - For plants produced in the open, 

give the area of plants in acres and tenths of 

acres. Round fractions to whole acres except 

where tenths are requested. as for flower seeds. 

Under protection - For plants produced under 

glass or other protection, show the area of 

plants in square feet. Report the greenhouse 

area only once for each product, even though 

the same product was grown more than once. 

Unit of sales - The units of measure on the 

report form are those most commonly used 

throughout the country. If you use a different 

unit of measure, please specify the unit and size 

or convert your figure to the unit requested. 

Value of sales - When reporting lIalue of sales, 

do not include products bought for resale 

without additional growing; do not report noncrop garden center items, such as chemicals, 

fertilizers, etc. Report the total lIalue of sales 

(wholesale or retail) for those products grown 

on this place and sold directly from this place. 

Report only the wholesale value of any 

products sold through a retal! outlet which is 

not on this place or if the retail outlet is con· 

sidered a separate business establishment. 

Estimates are acceptable if exact figures are 

not available. 

To Report Plants in Sections 2, 4, 5, 9, and 16 

In each of these sections, report any of the plants 

which you grow that are listed in that section. 

1, Find the plant name and the corresponding 

code number in the list in the section. 

2. Enter plant name and code on the first two 

lines of the section. 

3. Enter the information requested beside the 

headings of the remaining lines of the column. 

To Report Plants in Sections 3,10, and 11 

In these three sections, separate lines are provided 

for reporting each product grown. Enter the 

information requested in each column beside the 

appropriate product. 

Section 6 - Sod 

Report the total acres of sod harvested from this 

place in 1979 and the value of sales of the sod. 

Acreage planted to grass intended for sale as sod 

in subsequent years and not harvested in 1979 

should not be reported. 

Section 7 - Bulbs, Corms, or Rhizomes 

Report the total acres of bulbs harvested from this 

place in 1979 and the value of sales of the bulbs. 

Section 8 - Mushrooms 

Report the square feet of bed space or other space, 

such as trays, used for mushrooms in 1979 only 

once even though the space was harvested more 

than once or more than one crop was grown 

during the year. For example, if two crops of 

mushrooms were harvested from an area of 20,000 

square feet of bed space, report 20,000 square feet 

of area used. Note in the margin of the paper the 

number of times mushrooms were harvested 

from that area. 

Section 12 - Land, Structures. Equipment, and 

Irrigation 

The estimated market value in item 2 refers to 

ALL machinery and equipment kept on this place 

and used for the horticulture business. The lIalue 

should be an estimate of what the machinery and 

equipment would sell for in its present condition, 

not the replacement or depreciated value. 

Section 13 - Sales and Purchases 

In item 1, report the value received during 1979, 

regardless of the year in which the products were 

harvested. Give gross values {before d~ducting 

taxes and expenses). If full payment was not 

received for a product or products sold in 1979, 

report only the amount actually receilled in 1979. 

Section 14 - Selected Production Expenses 

Include expenses paid by you and by anyone else 

for the production of greenhouse products, 

nursery products, mushrooms, sod, and other 

horticultural products on this place. Also include 

1979 expenses incurred even if not paid in 1979. 

Please gtlle estimates if you do not know the exact 

figures. 

In item 4, exclude retail nongrower production 

expenses (for example, heating or cooling for 

office areas). 

Section 15 - Hired Labor 

Expenditures for hired labor should include gross 

wages or salaries, commissions, paid bonuses, and 

leave pay before deductions, plus the value of 

benefits paid by you - social security, taxes, 

unemployment, insurance, etc. Do not include 

room and board, house rent, or other items paid 

in kind. Exclude employees not directly involved 

in the growing operation, i.e., garden center clerks. 

79-A19{ll 
79-A19.1-Ll REPORT FORMS 

79-A19.1-L 1 

(8-79) 

FROM THE DIRECTOR 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

UNITED STATES DePARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Washington. D.C. 20233 

OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR 

Reply to: 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

1201 EAST TENTH STREET 

JEFFERSONVILLE. INDIANA 47132 

Every 10 years, comprehensive data on horticulture are collected as part of the nationwide 

census of agriculture program. The form enclosed is for the sixth such census of horticultural specialties, this one covering calendar year 1979. 

The information furnished will provide current data about the horticultural industry. Such 

information is important when considering the substantial changes in production and 

marketing practices wh ich have taken place over the past 10 years. You r national and State 

organizations have been emphasizing the need for the totals that will be collected to help 

guide your industry in its growth. 

The horticulture census report form is a standard form used in all States. Thus, many of the 

questions asked on this form will not be applicable to your operation and may be skipped 

by following the instructions printed on the form. If book figures are not available, please 

give your best estimates. 

Your response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, United States Code). By the same 

law, your report to the Bureau of the Census is confidential. It may be seen only by sworn 

Census employees and may be used only for statistical purposes. 

Please complete and return your report within 20 days in the enclosed preaddressed 

envelope. Early responses will help us publish the findings at an early date, and will avoid 

the need for additional requests. If filing within the time period causes an undue burden a 

request for extension may be sent to the above address. Include the 11-digit Census File' 

Number (CFN) as shown in your address label on all correspondence to us. 

Your cooperation will be greatly appreciated. 

Sincerely, 

VINCENT P. BARABBA 

Enclosures 

287 
288 REPORT FORMS 79-A19.1-L1A 

79-A19.1-L lA 

(5-80) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

FROM THE DIRECTOR 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Washington. D.C. 20233 

OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR 

In reply refer to: 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

1201 EAST TENTH STREET 

JEFFERSONVILLE. IND'ANA 47132 

Every 10 years, comprehensive data on horticulture are collected as part of the nationwide 

census of agriculture program. The form enclosed is for the sixth such census of horticultural specialties, this one covering calendar year 1979. 

The information furnished will provide current data about the horticultural industry. Such 

information is important when considering the substantial changes in production and 

marketing practices which have taken place over the past 10 years. Your national and State 

organizations have been emphasizing the ne'ed for the totals that will be collected to help 

guide your industry in its growth. 

The horticulture census report form is a standard form used in all States. Thus, many of the 

questions asked on this form will not be applicable to your operation and may be skipped 

by following the instructions printed on the form. If book figures are not available, please 

give your best estimates. 

Your response to this inquiry is required by law (title 13, United States Code). By the same 

law, your report to the Bureau of the Census is confidential. It may be seen only by sworn 

CensLis employees and may be used only for statistical purposes. 

Please complete and return your report in the enclosed preaddressed envelope. Early 

responses will help us publish the findings at an early date, and will avoid the need for 

additional requests. If filing within the time period causes an undue burden, a request for 

extension may be sent to the above address. Include the 11-digit Census File Number 

(CFN) as shown in your address label on all correspondence to us. 

Your cooperation will be greatly appreciated. 

Sincerely, 

VINCENT P. BARABBA 

Enclosures 
79·A 19.1·L2 

79·A19.1·L2 

(HIO) 

REPORT FORMS 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preparation Division 

Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

FROM THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Many producers and growers across the Nation have already completed and returned their 

reports for the 1979 Census of Horticultural Specialties. If you have already done so, 

we appreciate your promptness ar:d thank you. 

If you have not mailed your completed report, please do so as soon as you can. Prompt 

return will help us to publish the findings at an early date and will avoid the need for 

additional requests. We cannot complete the census without your help and information. 

To assist you in this effort, we are enclosing another report form and a preaddressed 

envelope for your convenience. 

To be sure we included every horticultural operation in the census, we obtained names 

and addresses from many different sources and your name may have been in several of 

these sources. If you received more report forms (with different Census File Numbers) 

than you need for each of your separate growing locations or if you have completed similar 

reports for the U.S. Department of Agriculture this year, please see item 2 of the Instruction 

Sheet. 

If you did not grow greenhouse or nursery products, mushrooms, or sod in 1979, it is 

equally important for us to hear from you. Please complete the appropriate items on the 

report and return it to us so that further followups will not be necessary. 

If you have any questions about your report, please call our Jeffersonville, Indiana office toll 

free on (800) 457-6460, Monday through Friday, between 8:00 a.m. and 4:30 p.m. e.s.t. 

Thank you for your cooperation. 

Sincerely, 

~p~ RICHARD B. QUANRUD 

Enclosures 

289 
290 REPORT FORMS 79-A19.1-L3 

79-A 19.1-L3 

(1-80) 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of the Census 

Data Preperation Division 

Date: Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 

• 

F ROM THE ASSISTANT 01 RECTOR FOR 

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURE CENSUSES 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

We have not yet received your report on the 1979 Census of Horticultural Specialties which 

we mailed to you recently. If your completed report and this form have crossed in the mail, 

please excuse this reminder and accept our thanks for your cooperation. However, to 

expedite processing this census for the industry, we urge you to report promptly. 

Horticulture production and sales have expanded greatly in the last 10 years and a new 

statistical summary of the industry will benefit all horticulturists. 

Your answers are COMPLETELY CONFIDENTIAL by law (title 13, United States Code). 

If you have any problems or questions in completing the report, please write to us at the 

above address using the reverse side of this letter. 

NOTICE - Every address and file number must be accounted for. If you have not 

reported or you received more than one Census File Number (CFN), our control files 

will continue contacting you until a response is received. We received addresses on 

horticultural activities from several sources. Although we did our best to unduplicate 

them, we know from experience that some duplication may still exist. If you received 

several questionnaires with different CFN's, mark the extra forms "Extra" and return 

them to us with your completed report. Doing this will help us avoid unknowingly 

sending requests to you even after you reported under another number. 
291 

AppendixH 

Provisions otTitle 13 Relating to 

the 1978 Census of Agriculture 

TITLE 13, UNITED STATES CODE-CENSUS 

CHAPTER SEC. 

t. Administration _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ ___ _____ ____ __ ___ 1 

5. Censuses _____________________________________________________________ 131 

7. Offenses and penalties_________________________________________________ 211 

Chapter I.-ADMINISTRATION 

SUBCHAPTER I-GEXERAL PROVISIO;-\S 

Sec. 

1. Definitions. 

2. Bureau of the Census. 

3. Seal. 

4. Functions of Secretary; regulations; delegation. 

5. Questionnaires; number, form, and scope of inquiries. 

6. Information from other Federal departments and agencies; acquisition of 

reports from other governmental and private sources. 7. Printing; requisitions upon Public Printer; publication of bulletins and 

reports. 

8. Authenticated transcripts or copies of certain returns; other data; restriction on use; disposition of fees recei ved. 

9. Information as confidential; exception. 

11. Authorization of appropriations. 

12. Mechanical and electronic development. 

13. Procurement of professional s~rvices. 

SUBCHAPTER II-OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES 

21. Director of the Census; duties. 

22. Qualifications of permanent personnel. 

23. Additional officers and employees. 

24. Special agents, supervisors, supervisors' clerks, enumerators, and interpreters; compensation; details. 

25. Duties of supervisors, enumerators, and other employees. 

26. Transportation by contract. 

SUBCHAPTER I~GENERAL PROVISIONS 

§ 1. Definitions 

As used in this title, unless the context requires another meamng 

·or unless it is otherwise providecl-

(1) "Bureau" means the Bnreau of the Census; 

(2) "Secretary" mea,ns the Secretary of Commerce; and 

(3) "respondent" includes a corpol'ation, company, association, 

firm, pa,rtnership, proprietorship, society, joint stock company, 

individua.l, or other organiza.tion or entity which reported information, or on behalf of which information was reported, in 

response to a questionna.ire, inquiry, or other request of the 

Bureau. 

§ 2. Bureau of the Census 

. T~le Bureau is continued as an agency. within, and under the jurischctlOn of, the Department of Commerce. (Aug. 31, 19:1-1:, ch, 1158, 

68 Stat. 1012.) 

§ 3. Seal 

The Bureau shall have a seal conta,ining such device 'as has bepn 

-selected heI'etofore, or as the Srcretary lllav seled lwrrnfter. A description of such seal with an impression 'thereof shall be filed in 
292 PROVISIONS OF TITLE 13 

the Office of the Secretary of State. The seal shall remain in the 

custody of the Secretal'Y or sncll officer or employee of the Bureau as 

he desIgnates, and shall be affixed to all docnments authenticated by 

the Bnrr'Ru .• Tndicial notiee shall be taken of the sr,al. (Ang'. 31,1934, 

ch. 1Ui8, 68 Stat. 1012, amended Aug. 28, 1957, Pnb, L. 8;)-207, § 2, 

71 Stat. 481; Oct. 17, U)76, Pnb. L. 94-521, § 2,90 Stat. 2459.) 

§ 4. Functions of Secretary; regulations; delegation 

The Secretary shall perform the fnllctions 'and duties imposed npon 

him by this titlr, may issnr snch l'lll('s and regulations as he deems 

neeessary to carry 011t s11ch functions and duties, and may deleO'ate 

tllr, prrformance of snch fnnctions and duties and the 'authOl'ity to 

issne s11cll rules and regnlations to such officers and employees of the 

DrpartnH'llt of C'ommercr,as he may drsignate. (Aug. :)1. 19M, ch. 

11;)R, 68 Stat. 101:>, am('nc1rc1 Oct. 17, 1976, Pub. L. 94-521, § 3, 90 

Stat. 24.!)f).) 

§ 5. Questionnaires; number, form, and scope of inquiries 

Thr Secretary shall pl'rpaJ'P qurstionnaires, and shall determine the 

in(]niries, and thp numb('!', form, and subdivisions t11rrpof. for the 

statistics, S11J'VPVS. and crnsnsps providrd for in this title. (Ang, :>1, 

10:')4. ch. 11:')8. (iR Stat. 101:>, al1lrnded Oct. 17, 1976, Pnb. L. 94-521, 

~ 4, 00 Stat. 24;)0,) 

§ 6. Information from other Federal departments and agencies; 

acquisition of reports from other governmental and private 

sources 

(a) The Secl'rtary. whrll('\'r!' hr consi<1rrs it aclvisablr, may call upon 

any othr)' (1rpartment, agrllCY. or pstahlishmrnt of thr Fpdrl'al (iovr.rllm(mt.. or of the gO\·rrnmrnt. of tll(' District of C'olnmbia, for information PHtinpnt, to thr. work pJ'(wirleo for in this title. 

(h) The Srcrr.tary may acC(nirr. by pu!'chasp or othrrwisr.. from 

Statrs. conntirs. citirs. or otl)('r nnits of goVel'lllnp,nt. or their instrnnwntalitips. or from prinltp ]WI'SOJlS and 'ag:rncir.s. sn('h copips of rrcor<ls. rC'l)orts. find othrJ' nlntrria 1 ns may lw rrlluirrd for thr rfficlrnt flm1 

rconomical condllct of th~ C(,l1snsrs and s11r\'(':,/s providrrl for in this 

ti t Jr. 

(c) To the maximllm rxtrnt. ])ossiblr and ('onsistrnt with the kino, 

timrliness, qnality and scopr of the statistiC's J'r,qnirrd. thp, Sp,crrtary 

shall aCC(llirp, and us('. infol'lllniion availahle from any sonrce' rpf('rrrd 

to in snbsr.ctioll (a) or (ll) of this section instrH(l of com1ncting din'ct, 

inr111irirs. (An.\!'. 01. 10;')4, ch. lHiS. oR Stat. 1010. anwJl(1pd Au.\!'. 28. 

10:')7. Pnb. L. RS-207, ~ :~, 71 Stat. 4R1; Oct. 17, 1976, Pnb. L. 94-521, 

§ ;\ flO Stat. 24(i0.) 

§ 7. Printing; requisitions upon Publi.c Printer; pUblication of 

bulletins and reports 

The Sec.retary may make reqnisition upon thr. Pnblic Printer for 

miscellaneolls printing necessary to carry out the provisions of this 

titlr.. He may further have printed by t.he Public Printer, in such 

('(litions as he dpems llrcessHJ'y. I))'eliminary and other census bulletins, 

and final reports of the l'('sults of the se"pral investigations authorized 

h.v this title. and may publish and distrilmte such bulletins and reports. 

(Aug. :31, 19:'),b~ ell. 1138, 68 Stat. 1013.) 

§ 8. Authenticated transcripts or copies of certain returns; other 

data; restriction on use; disposition of fees received 

(a) The Sr(,J'etaJ'Y rnay. npon written request. fnrnish to any respondent, or to the hei!', snccessor, or ant horized agent of such responrlPIl t, ant hpnti('ate<1 transcripts or copie.s of reports (or portions 

thel'eof) containing information fllrnished b~', or on behalf of such 

)'(>spontlent ill ('OJlJl('et.iOIl with the sl\I'V'eys and census provided for in 

til is title, npoJi payment of the aetnal or estiJJlat('rl cost of searching 

tl](> rrcords and fllI'llishiJlg sllch transcripts or copies. 

(b) Suhject to the limitations eOlltainpd in sections 6(c) and 9 of 

this title, t he Secreta ry may fIIrnish copirs of tabulations and other 

statistical mat ('rials \\'hi('h (10 not disC'lose the information reported by. 

01' on bphalf of. any particular respondent, and may make special 

statisti(~al compilations and SIlIT<'YS, for departments, agencies. and 

rstnhlishnlC'nts of tlle Fe<1pral Oov('rnmcnt., the gO\'prnment of the 
PROVISIONS OF TITLE 13 

other reports and materials of a similar nature. (Added Pub. L. 85-207, 

§ 5, Aug. 28, 1957,71 Stat. 481.) 

§ 14. Repealed. Pub. L. 89-473, § 2(a), June 29, 1966, 80 Stat. 221 

SUBCHAPTER II-OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES 

§ 21. Director of the Census; duties 

The Burean shall be headed by a Director of the Census, appointed 

by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. 

The Director shall perform such duties as may be imposed upon him 

by law, regulations, or orders of the Secretary. (Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 

68 Stat. 1014.) 

§ 22. Qualifications of permanent personnel 

All permanent officers and employees of the Bureau shall be citizens 

of the United States. (Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1014, amended 

Sept 13, 1960, Pub. L. 86-769, § 1,74 Stat. 911.) 

NOTE.-Pub. L. 94-311 requires that the Department of Commerce implement an affirmative action program within the Bureau of the Census for the employment of personnel of Spanish origin or descent and submit a report to Congress 

by June 16, 1977 on the progress of such program. 

§ 23. Additional officers and employees 

(a) The Secretary may establish, at rates of compensation to be 

fixed by him without regard to the Classification Act of 1949, as 

many temporary positions 'as may be necessary to meet the requirements of the work provided for by law. Bureau employees who are 

transferred to any such temporary positions shall not lose their 

permanent civil service status by reason of the transfer. The Secretary 

may make appointments to snch temporary positions in conformity 

with the civil service laws and rules. 

(b) In addition to employees of the Department of Commerce, 

employees of other departments and independent offices of the Government may, with the consent of the head of the respective department or office, be employed and compensated for field work in 

connection with the work provided for by law without regard to 

section 301 of the Dual Compensation Act. 

(e) The Secretary may utilize temporary staff, including employees of Federal, State, or looal agencies or instrumentalities, and employees of private organizations to assist the Bureau in performing 

the work authorized by this title, but only if sueh temporary staff is 

sworn to observe the limitations imposed by section 9 of this title. 

(Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1014, amended Sept. 13, 1960, Pub. L. 

86-769, § 2, 74 Stat. 911; Au~. 19, 1964, Pub. L. 88--448, title IV, ~401(p), 78 Stat. 492; Oct. 17,1976, Pub. L. 94--521, § 12(b), 90 

Stat. 2465.) 

§ 24. Special employment provisions 

(a) The Secretary may utilize the services of nontemporary employees of the Bureau (byassi~ment, promotion. appointment, detail, 

or otherwise) in temporary positions established for any eensus, for 

not to exceed the period dlll'ing which appropriations are ayaibble for 

that census. "'\Vhe,never the Secretary determines that the services of an 

employee which have been utilized under this section are no longer 

required in sueh a temporary position, he may, withont regard to the 

provisions of any other law, retnrn the employee to a continuing position, with rank and compensation not less than that which he held in 

his last permanent position in the Bureau: Provided, That no employee 

shall, by reason of his service in a temporary position under this 

subseetion, lose the protection of any law or reg'ulation with respect 

to his separation, suspension, furlough, or reduction in rank or compensation below the level held in his last permanent position in t.he 

Bureau. Service by a nontemporary employ('e in a temporarv position 

under this subsection shall be ereditable for step increases (both 

periodieand longevity) under title VII of the Classification Act of 

19M), as amend~d, as though it were a eontinuation of service in his 

last permanent position. 

(b) As used in this title with r€'sp('et to appointments or positions 

"temporary" shall be construed to menn not in ('xcess of on€' year, o~ 

293 
294 PROVISIONS OF TITLE 13 

District of ('01 umbia. t hr gon'rnmrnt of any possession or area (inclnding political suhdivisions thereof) refCl:rerl to in section 191 (a) 

of this titl~" State or local agpncirs, or otllPl' public and pl'i,'ate persons 

anll ngencws. upon payment of the aetual or rstimated cost of sHch 

\York. In the case of nonprofit ag(mcies or organizations. the Srcretary 

mH,V rngage ill .ioint statistical projrcts, the pmposr of which are other-

"'is~ allthorizrcl by law. hut only if the cost of such lj)'ojrets are sharerl 

eqllltably, as determined bv the Secrrtary. 

(c.) ITI' no case shall illformation flimished under this srction be 

~,srcl to the (tptrimrnt of any ]'('spond('nt or othrr pprSOll to whom sHch 

mformation relates, except in the prosecution of allpged violations of 

this btlt'. . 

(d) All mOlWYS rrcei ,-r(l in pa)'ment for work or services rnllmerate(l undpr this section shall he depositrd in a separate account which 

may be nsed to pay (lirectly the costs of such work or services, to repay 

appropriations which initially bore all or part of snch costs, or to 

rpfund excess sums when necessary. (Aug. 31. 19i14, ch. 11!)8, 08 Stat. 

1013, am('Jl(lrd Aug. 2S. H)il7. Pub. L. Sil-207, § 4, 71 Stat. 481; Oct. 17, 

1976, Pub. L. 94:-521, § 6,90 Stat. 2460-61.) 

§ 9. Information as confidential; exception 

(a) Neithel' the Secretary, nor any other officer or rmployee of the 

Dr,partment of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof, may, except as 

provided in section 8 of this title-

(1) nse the information furnished under the provisions of this 

title for any purpose other than the statistical purposes for which 

it is supplied; or 

(2) make any publication whereby the data furnished by any 

particular establishment or individual under this title can be 

identified; or 

(3) permit anyone other than the sworn officeri' and employees 

of the Department or bureau or agency thereof to examine the 

indi vidual reports. 

No department, bureau, agency, officer, or employee of the Government, except the Secretary in carrying out the purposes of this title, 

shall require, for any reason, copies of census reports which have been 

retained by any such establishment or individual. Copies of census 

reports which have been so retained shall be immune from legal process, and shall not, without the consent of the individual or establishment concerned, be admitted as evidence or used for any purpose in 

any action, suit, or other judicial or administrative proceeding. 

(b) The provisions of subsection (a) of this section relating to the 

confidential treatment of data for particular individuals and establishments, shall not apply to the censuses of governments provided for 

by subchapter III of chapter 5 of this title, nor to interim current 

data provided for by subchapter IV of chapter 5 of this title as to the 

subjects covered by censuses of governments, with respect to any information obtained therefor that is compiled from, or customarily 

provided in, public records. (Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1013, 

amended Oct. 15, 1962, Pub. L. 87-813,76 Stat. 922.) 

§ 10. Repealed. Pub. L. 86-682, § 12(a), Sept. 2, 1960, 74 Stat. 708" 

eff. Sept. 1, 1960 

§ 11. Authorization of appropriations 

There is authorized to be appropriated, out of the Treasury of the 

United States, such sums as may be necessary to carry out all provisions of this title. (Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1014.) 

§ 12. Mechanical and electronic development 

The Secretary is authorized to have conduded mechanical and electronic development work as he determines is needed to further the 

functions and duties of carrying out the purposes of this title and 

may enter into such developmental contracts as he may determine to 

be in the best interest of the Government. (Added Pub. L. 85-207, § 5, 

Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 481.) 

§ 13. Procurement of professional services 

The Secretary shall have authority to contract with educational and 

other research organizations for the preparation of monographs and 
PROVISIONS OF TITLE 13 

not in excess of the specific period (luring whieh appropriations are 

available for the conduct of a particular census, whichever is longer. 

No employee of the Burean who holds only a temporary appointment 

within the meaning of this section shall be considrred as other than 

strictly temporary for purposes of any ot,her provision of la" relating 

to st'parations, snsTwnsions, or rrdnctions ill rank or comlwnsation. 

(c) The enlisted mr,n and officers of the, uniformed services may be 

appointrd and compensated for service in temporary ennmrrator positions for the enumeration of personnel of the uniformed scniccs. 

(d) The Secretary may fix compensation on a pir.cE'-price basis without limitation 'as to the amount earned per (1iem, and payments may be 

made to enumerators for the, use of private automobiles on official bnsiness withont regard to srction 4 of the Tra,-el Expense Act of 1949, 

ns amended (5 U.S.C. 837), but at rates not in excess of the rates provided bv that Act. 

(e) The Secretary may anthorize the expenditure of necrssary snms 

for tmvr.1 expenses of persons selected for appointment for attendance 

at training courses heM by t)he Department of Commerce with respect 

to any of the work provided for by law. 

(f) Notwithstanding-any other provision of law prohibiting the 

expenditure of public monev for telephone senice, the Sf"Cl'rta ry, nnder 

such regulations as he shall prescribe, may authorize reimbursement 

for tolls or charges for telephone srrvice from private residrncrs or 

private apart.ments to the extent such nharges are determined by the 

Secretary to have been incurred to facilitate the collection of information in connection with the cenSllses and snrveys authorized by this 

title. (Ang. 31. 19M. ('h. 11FiR, flR Stat. 1015, amendrd Sept. 13, 19(i(), 

Pnb. L. 8G-7fl9, 83, 74 Stat. 911; Aug. 31, 1964, Pub. L. 88-535; 74 

Stat. 744.) 

§ 25. Duties of supervisors, enumerators, and other employees 

(a) Each snpen-isol' shall Twrform the dutirs imposrd upon him by 

the Secl'etarv in the enforcemrnt of chapter!) of t,his title in accordance 

wit h the. Sec'retarv's orders and instrnctions. 

(b) Each enumerator or other emplo.vre detailed to scne as ennmrl'-

ator shall be charged with the eollrction in his subcliyision of the facts 

and statistics called for on such schedules as the Secretary determines 

shall be nsed by him in connection with any ccnsus or sur~-ry provided 

for by chapter 5 of this titlr. (Ang. 31. 19M, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1015, 

amended Aug. 31, 1964, Pnb. L. 88-530,78 Stat. 737.) 

§ 26. Transportation by contract 

The Seeretary may contract with field employees for the rental and 

use within the continental limits of the United States of means of 

transportation, other than motorcycle, automobile, or airplane, and for 

the rental and lise outside of the continental United States of any 

means of transportatioll, which means may be owned by the field employee. Sueh rental contracts shall be made without regard to section 

4 of the Travel Expense Act of 1949, as amended (5 U.S.C. 837). The 

rentals shall be at rates equivalent to the prevailing rental rates of the 

locality. The rental contracts within the continental United States may 

be entered into only when the usC', by the field employee of such other 

means of transportation is safer, more economical, 01' ·more advantageons to the Government than nse of his rnotoreycle, automobile, 

or airplane in conducting t,he census. (Acldcd Pub. L. 85-207, § (5, Aug. 

28,1057,71 Stat. 482.) 

Chapter 5.-CENSUSES 

SUBCHAPTER II-POPULATION, HOUSING, AGRICULTURE, 

IRRIGATION, DRAINAGE, AND UNEMPLOYMENT 

142. Agriculture, irrigation, and drainage. 

SUBCHAPTER V-GEOGRAPHIC SCOPE, PRELIMINARY AND 

SUPPLEMENTAL STATISTICS, AND USE OF SAMPLING 

191. Geographic scope of censuses. 193. Preliminary and supplemental etatistics. 

195. Use of sampling. 

196. Special censuses. 

295 
296 PROVISIONS OF TITLE 13 

SUBCHAPTER II-POPULATION, I-lOUSING, AGRICULTUHE, IHRIGATI0N, DRAINAGE, AND UNEMPLOYMENT 

§ 142. Agriculture, irrigation, and drainage 

(a) The Secretary shall in 1979, in 1983, and in every fifth year 

beginning after 1983, take a census of agriculture. 

(b ~ In c(;mju.nction w~th the census to be taken under subsection (a) 

of thIS sectIOn III 1979, III 1988, and every tenth year beginning after 

1988, the Secretary shall take a census of irrigation and drainage. 

( c) The data collected in each of the censuses taken under this section shall relate to the year immediately preceding the year in which 

such census is taken. (Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1020, amended 

Aug. 28, 1957, Pub. L. 85-207, § 10, 71 Stat. 483; Mar. 15, 1976, Pub. L. 

94-229, § 1,90 Stat. 210.) 

NOTE.-The statistical classification of farms in effect on January 1, 1975, with 

respect to censuses taken under section 142 of title 13, United States Code. shall 

be effective through June 30, 1976, and any statistical report issued on or before 

June 30, 1976, with respect to any such census shall reflect such classification, 

but may also include additional classifications as deemed appropriate by the 

Secretary. 

§§ 143 to 146. Repealed. Pub. L. 85-207, § 11, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 

483. 

SUBCHAPTER V-GEOGHAPHIC SCOPE, PRELIMINARY 

AND SUPPLEMENTAL STATISTICS, AND USE 'OF 

SAMPLING 

§ 191. Geographic scope of censuses 

(a) Each of the censuses authorized by this chapter shall include 

each State, the District of Columbia, the Virgin Islands, Guam, the 

Commonwealth of the Northern M'ariana Islands, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and as may be detcrmined by the Secretary, 

such other possessions and areas over which the United States exercises jurisdiction, control, or sovereignty. Inclusion of other areas over 

which the United States exercises jurisdiction or control shall be subject to the concurrence of the Secretary of State. 

(b) For censuses taken in the Virgin Islands, Guam, the Common-

"'ea I th of the Northern M'ariana Islands, or any possession or area not 

specifically designated in subsection (a) of this section, the Secretary 

may use census information collected by the Governor or highest 

ranking Federal official, if such infol1nation was obtained in accordance with plans prescribed or approved by the Secretary. 

(c) If, pursuant to a determination by the Secretary under subsect ion (a) of this section, any census is not taken in a possession or 

area over which the tinitecl States exercises jurisdiction, control, or 

sOH'I'cignty, the Secretary lllay include data. obtained from other 

Frdcral agenci('s or government sonrces in the census report. Any 

data obtaiiled from foreign g-oVel'lllllents shall be obt,ained through 

thr Spcrrtary of ~tatr. (Ac1d,>d Pub. L. 85-207, § 14, Aug. 28, 1957, 

71 Stat. Mm, amended Oct. 17, 197G, Pub. L. 94---521, § 9, 90 Stat. 

:H();~-G+. ) 

§ 193. Preliminary and supplemental statistics 

Tn advance of. in ('.()njunction with, or after the taking of each 

('PIlSU"; providrd for by this chaptrr, the St'cretary llla,i" lyake surveys 

and ('ollpct such pn>lilllinary and supplrmentHl'.v st~t~S~IC~ relate\l to 

tIl(' lIlain topic of tl)(\ cpnS\lS as arB IH'cpssary to the lllIilatlOn, takmg-, 

Of' (,OInplrtioll tllPrcof. (~\.dclpd P\lb. L. 85-207, § 14, Aug. 28, 1957, 

71 ~tat. 484.) 

§ ] 95. Use of sampling 

Excrpt for tIle drt{'J'llIinntion of pop\llation for purposes of apport ionJllcnt of H<'[)rr~srntati vrs in Congress among- the several States, 

the SN'retary shall. if lip, considers it feasible, authorize the use of the 

statistical Jnl>thod ].;:l1o\\'n as "sampling" in carrying ont the provisions 

of tlli" j itIP. (Addpd Pllb. L. 8:>-207, ~ 14. Aug-. 28, H)!)7, 71 Stat. 484, 
PROVISIONS OF TITLE 13 

alllrnded Oct. 17, 1 D7G, Pub. L. 04-fi:21, § 10, 90 Stat. 246+.) 

§ 196. Special censuses 

The Socretary may cDnduct special censusrs for. !he go\'er:l~1:nt 

of any State, or of any county, city. or othel' political subd? VISJOIl 

within a State. for the go\'ernment of the District of Columbia. and 

for the government of any possession or an'a (including po1itical 

subdivisions thereof) referred to in section 1m (a) of this tit1e. on 

subjects coven'd by the censuses provided for in this title. upon payment to the Secretary of the actnal or estimated cost of each such 

special census. The, re,sults of each snch special census shall be designated "Official Census Statistics". These statistics mav be used in the 

manner provided by applicable law. (Added Pub. t. 9-!-521, § 11, 

Oct. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 24:64.) 

Sec. 

Chapter 7.-0FFENSES AND PENALTIES 

'SUBCHAPTER I-OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES 

211. Receiving or securing compensation for appointment of employees. 

212. Refusal or neglect of employeee to perform duties. 

213. False statements, certificates, and information. 

214. Wrongful disclosure of information. 

SUBCHAPTER II-OTHER PERSONS 

221. Refusal or neglect to answer questions: false answers, 

222. Giving suggestions or information with intent to cause inaccurate enumera- tion of population. 

223. Refusal, by owners, proprietors, etc., to aSl;ist census employees. 

224. ]<'ailure to answer questions affecting companies, Imsineo;ses, religious bodies, 

and other organizations; false answers. 225. Applicability of penal provisions in certain cases. 

SUBCHAPTER III-PROCEDURE 

241. Evidence. 

SUBCHAPTER I-OFFICERS AND E~IPLOYEES 

§ 211. Receiving or securing compensation for appointment of 

employees 

Whoever-

(1) receives or secures to himself any fC'e, reward, or compensation as a consideration for the appointment of any person as 

snpervisor, ennmerator, clerk, or other officer or employee of the 

Department of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof, referred 

to in suoohapter II of chapter I of this title; or 

(2) in any way receives or secures to himself any part of the 

compensation paid to any person so appointedshall be fined not more than $:1,000 or imprisoned not more than fh'e 

years, or both. (Aug. 31, 1954, ch.1158, 68 Stat. 1022.) 

§ 212. Refusal or neglect of employees to perform duties 

Whoever, being an employee referred to in snbchapter II of rhapter 

J of this title, and having taken and subscribed the oath of office, 

neglects or refuses, without justifiable cause, to perform the duties 

enjoined on such employee by this title, shall be fined not more than 

$500. (Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158,68 Stat. 1022.) 

§ 213. False statements, certificates, and information 

(a) Whoever, -!wing an officer or employee referred to in subchapter 

II of chapter I of this title, willfully and lmowingly swears or affirms 

falsely as to the truth of any statement required to be made or subscribed by him under oath by or under authority of this title, shall be 

guilty of perjury, and shall be fined not more than $2,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both. . 

(b) Whoever, being an officer or employee referred to in subchapter 

II of chapter I of this title-

(1) willfully and knowingly makes a false certifi-cate or fictitious return; or 

(2) knowingly or willfully furnishes or causes to be furnished, 

or, having been such an officer or employee, knowingly or will297 
298 PROVISIONS OF TITLE 13 

fully furnished or caused to be furnished, directly or indirectly, 

to' the Secretary Or to any other officer Dr employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau or agency thereDf, any false statement or false informatiO'n with reference to' any inquiry for which 

he was authorized and required to collect information provided 

for in this titleshall be fined not more than $2,000 or imprisoned not more than five 

years, or both. (Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1022.) 

§ 214. Wrongful disclosure of information 

,Vhoever, being or having been an employee or staff member referred to in subchapter II Df chapter I Df this title, having taken and 

subscrihed the oath of office, O'r having sworn to observe the limitations 

impDsed by section 9 of tlhis title, publishes or communicates any information, the disclosure of which is prohibited under the provisions of 

section 9 of this title, and which comes into his possession by reason of 

his being emplO'yed (or otherwise providing services) under the provisions of this title, shall be fined nO't more than $5,000 or imprisoned 

not more than 5 years, or both. (Aug. 31, 19M, eh. 1158, oS Stat. 1023, 

amended Oct. 17,1976, Pub. L. 94-521, § 12(il), 90 Stat. 2464.) 

SUBCHAPTER II-OTHER PERSONS 

§ 221. Refusal or neglect to answer questions; false answers 

(a) "Vhoover, being O'ver eighteen years of age, refuses or willfully 

neglects, when requested by the Secretary, Dr by any other authorized 

Dfficer 0'1' employee Df the Department of Commerce O'r bureau or 

agency thereof acting under the instructiO'ns of the Secretary Dr 

authorized O'fficer, to 'answer, to the best of his knowledge, any O'f the 

questions on any schedule submitted to him in connection with any 

census or survey provided for by subcha:pters I, II, IV, and VO'f chapter 5 of this title, applying to himself or to the family to which he 

belongs or is related, 0'1' to' the farm or farms of which he or his family 

is the occupant, shall be fined not more th!lin $100. 

(b) Whoever, when answering questions described in subsection (a) 

of this section, and under the conditions or circumstances described in 

such subsection, willfully gives any answer that is false, shall be fined 

not more than $500. 

(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, no person 

shall be compelled to disclose information relative to his religious 

beliefs or to membership in a religious body. (Aug. 31, 1954, cll. 1158, 

08 Stat. 1023, amended Aug. 28, 1957, Pub. L. 85-207, § 15,71 Stat. 484; 

Oct. 17, 1976, Pub. L. 94--521, § 13,90 Stat. 2465.) 

§ 222. Giving suggestions or information with intent to cause inaccurate enumeration of population 

,Vhoever, either directly or indirectly, offers or renders to any officer 

or employee of the Del?artment of Commerce or bureau or agency 

thereof engaged in makmg an enumeration of population under subchapter n, IV, or V of chapter 5 of this title, any suggestion, advice, 

information or assistance of any kind, with the intent or purpose of 

causing an inaccurate enumeration of population to be made, shall 

be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, 

or both. (Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1023, amended Aug. 28, 

1957, Pub. L. 85-207, § 16,71 Stat. 484.) 

§ 223. Refusal, by owners, proprietors, etc., to assist census 

employees 

,VllOever, being the owner, proprietor, manager, superintendent, or 

agent of any hotel, apartment house, boarding or lodging housc" tenement. or other building, refuses or willfully neglects, when requested 

by the Secretary or by any other officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau or as-ency thereof, acting under the 

instructions of the Secretary, to furmsh the names of the occupants of 

such premises, or to gh'e free ingress thereto and egress therefrom to 

any duly accredited representative of such Department or bureau or 

agency thereof, so as to permit the collection of statistics with respect 

to any census prO\'ided for in sUbchapters I and II of chapter 5 of this 

title. or any survey authorized by subchapter IV or V of such chapter 
PROVISIONS OF TITLE 13 

insofar as such survey relates to any of the subjects for which censuses 

are provided by such subchapters I and II, including, when relevant to 

the census or survey being taken or made, the proper and correct 

enumeration of all persons having their usual place of abode in such 

premises, shall be fined not more than $500. (Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 

68 Stat. 1023, amended Aug. 28, 1957, Pub. L. 85-207, § 17, 71 Stat. 

484.) 

§ 224. Failure to answer questions affecting companies, businesses, 

religious bodies, and other organizations; false answers 

'''llOever, being the owner, official, agent, person in charge, or assistant t.o the person in charge, of any company, business, institution, 

establishment, religious body, or organization of any nature whatsoever, neglects or refuses, when requested by the Secret.ary or ()ther 

authorized officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or 

bureau or agency thereof, to answer completely and correctly to the 

best of his knowledge all questions relating to his company, business, 

institution, establishment, religious body, or other organization, or to 

records or statistics in his official custody, contained on any census or 

other schedule or questionnaire prepared and submitted to him under 

the authority of this title, shall be fined not more than. $500; and if he 

willfully gives a false answer to any such question, he shall be fined 

not more than $10,000. (Aug. 31,1954, ch. 1158,68 Stat. 1024, amended 

Aug. 28,1957, Pub. L. 85-207, § 18,71 Stat. 484; Oct. 17,1976, Pub. L. 

94-521, § 14, 90 Stat. 2465.) 

§ 225. Applicability of penal provisions in certain cases 

(a) In connection with any survey conducted by the Secretary or> 

other authorized officer or employee of the Department of Commerce orbureau or agency thereof pursuant to subchapter IV of chapter 5 of 

this title. the provisions of sections 221, 222, 223 and 224 of this title 

sha-II apply-

(1) with respect to the answering of questions and furnishingof information, only to such inquiries as are within the scope of 

the schedules and questionnaires and of the type and characterheretofore used in connection with the taking of complete censuses: 

under subchapters I and II of chapter 5 of this title, or in connection with any censuses hereafter taken pursuant to such subchapters; 

(2) only after publication of a determination with reasons therefor certified by the Secretary, or by some other authorized officer 

or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau or agencythereof with the approval of the Secretary. that the information 

called for is needed to aid or permit the efficient performanre of 

essential governmental functions or sen'ires. or has significant 

application to the neeos of the public. business. or industry and 

is not publicly available from nongovernmental or other govern- mental sources; 

(3) in the case of any new survey. only after public notice. 

given by the Secretary or other authorized officer or employee of 

the Department of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof at least 

thirty days in advance of requesting a return, that such sun-ey 

is under consideration. 

(b) The provisions for imprisonment provioeo by section 222 of 

this title shall not applv in connection with any survey conoucteo 

pursuant to subchaptPr II of chapter 3 of this title, or to subchapter 

IV of ('hapter 5 of this tit Ie. 

(c) The provisions of sections 221. 222. 223. and 224 of t his tit Ie sIla 11 

not apply to any censuses or surveys of go,-ernl11ents provided for bv 

subchapters TUanel TV of chapter f) of thi~ title. nor to other surv",:s 

provided for by subchanter IV of such chapter which are taken more 

freouentlv than annually. 

(d) 'Where the doctrine. t(>aching. or oisciplin(> of any relicrions (1(>-

nomination or church prohibits the disclosure of inforrilatioJ~ r(>lnti,-e 

to m€'mbership. a refusal. in such circumstanres, to furnish such information shall not be an offensE'. nnoer this chapter. (Aug'. 31. 10.')+, 

ch. 11;\8, fiR Stat. 1024, amended Oct. 17, 1976. Pub. r.... 9~521, ~ 13 (a) 90 Stat. 2465.) c , 

299 
300 PROVISIONS OF TITLE 13 

SUBCHAPTER III-PROCEDURE 

§ 241. Evidence 

'Vhen any refluest for information. mnde bv the· Secretary or othH 

authorized officer or emplovee of the Depnl'tment of Oommerce or' 

bureau or ngencv thereof. is made by re!!istered or certified mail or 

tele!!ram. the ret.urn receipt therefor'or other written receipt thereof 

shaH be prima facie evidence of an official reqnest in any prosecution 

under such section. (Aug. :n, 1954. ch. 1158. 68 Stat. 1025. amended 

Ang. 28. 19!)7. Pnb. L. 8;5-207. § 19,71 Stat. 484; Oct. 17,1976, Pub. L. 

94-521, § 15 (b), 90 Stat. 2465.) 

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