Exhibit 4.6

 



 

Interim Report Q3 2016

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Three Months Ended     
    	
 
    	
Nine   Months Ended
    
	
FOR THE PERIODS ENDED SEP.   30
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
TOTAL (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Revenues
    	
 
    	
$
    	
6,285
    	
 
    	
$
    	
5,056
    	
 
    	
$
    	
17,476
    	
 
    	
$
    	
14,375
    
	
Net income
    	
 
    	
2,021
    	
 
    	
845
    	
 
    	
3,241
    	
 
    	
3,482
    
	
Funds from operations
    	
 
    	
883
    	
 
    	
501
    	
 
    	
2,223
    	
 
    	
1,578
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
PER SHARE
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Net income
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1.03
    	
 
    	
$
    	
0.26
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1.41
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1.60
    
	
Funds from operations
    	
 
    	
0.87
    	
 
    	
0.48
    	
 
    	
2.17
    	
 
    	
1.52
    
	
Dividends1
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
– cash
    	
 
    	
0.13
    	
 
    	
0.12
    	
 
    	
0.39
    	
 
    	
0.35
    
	
– special
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
0.45
    	
 
    	
—
    


 

1. See Corporate Dividends on page 22

 

	
AS AT
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,
   2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,
   2015
    
	
TOTAL (MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE   AMOUNTS)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Assets under management
    	
 
    	
$
    	
238,015
    	
 
    	
$
    	
227,803
    
	
Consolidated results
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Balance sheet assets
    	
 
    	
159,837
    	
 
    	
139,514
    
	
Equity
    	
 
    	
67,119
    	
 
    	
57,227
    
	
Common equity
    	
 
    	
22,432
    	
 
    	
21,568
    
	
Diluted number of common shares outstanding
    	
 
    	
1,004.6
    	
 
    	
1,003.3
    
	
Market trading price per share – NYSE
    	
 
    	
$
    	
35.18
    	
 
    	
$
    	
31.53
    


 

Note: See “Use of Non-IFRS Measures” on page 7

 

 

 

 









 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL RESULTS

 

Our Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) is provided to enable a reader to assess our results of operations and financial condition for the interim period ended September 30, 2016. This MD&A should be read in conjunction with our 2015 Annual Report. Unless the context indicates otherwise, references in this report to the “Corporation” refer to Brookfield Asset Management Inc., and references to “Brookfield,” “us,” “we,” “our” or “the company” refer to the Corporation and its direct and indirect subsidiaries and consolidated entities. The company’s consolidated financial statements are in U.S. dollars, and are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

 

We are incorporated in Ontario, Canada and qualify as an eligible Canadian issuer under the Multijurisdictional Disclosure System and as a “foreign private issuer” as such term is defined in Rule 405 under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Rule 3b-4 under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. As a result, we comply with U.S. continuous reporting requirements by filing our Canadian disclosure documents with the SEC; our annual report is filed under Form 40-F and we furnish our quarterly interim reports under Form 6-K.

 

Organization of the MD&A

 

 

 

	
PART 1 – Overview and Outlook
    	
 
    	
PART 3 – Operating Segment Results
    	
 
    	
PART 4 – Capitalization and Liquidity
    	
 
    
	
Our Business
    	
8
    	
Basis of Presentation
    	
23
    	
Capitalization
    	
37
    
	
Economic and Market Review
    	
9
    	
Summary of Results by Operating Segment
    	
24
    	
Liquidity
    	
41
    
	
PART 2 – Financial Performance
    	
 
    	
Asset Management
    	
25
    	
Review of Consolidated Statements
    	
 
    
	
Review
    	
 
    	
Property
    	
28
    	
of Cash Flows
    	
43
    
	
Selected Financial Information
    	
10
    	
Renewable Power
    	
30
    	
PART 5 – Additional Information
    	
 
    
	
Financial Performance
    	
11
    	
Infrastructure
    	
32
    	
Accounting Policies and Internal
    	
 
    
	
Financial Profile
    	
17
    	
Private Equity
    	
33
    	
Controls
    	
44
    
	
Summary of Quarterly Results
    	
21
    	
Residential Development
    	
35
    	
Management Representations
    	
 
    
	
Corporate Dividends
    	
22
    	
Corporate Activities
    	
36
    	
and Internal Controls
    	
45
    


 

We provide additional information on our basis of presentation of financial information contained in the MD&A and key financial and operating measures on pages 36 to 38 of our December 31, 2015 Annual Report.

 

 

 

 

STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND USE OF NON-IFRS MEASURES

 

This Report to Shareholders contains “forward-looking information” within the meaning of Canadian provincial securities laws and “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, “safe harbor” provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and in any applicable Canadian securities regulations. We may provide such information and make such statements in the Report, in other filings with Canadian regulators or the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission or in other communications. See “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Information” on page 45.

We disclose a number of financial measures in this Report that are calculated and presented using methodologies other than in accordance with IFRS. We utilize these measures in managing the business, including performance measurement, capital allocation and valuation purposes, and believe that providing these performance measures on a supplemental basis to our IFRS results is helpful to investors in assessing the overall performance of our businesses. These financial measures should not be considered as a substitute for similar financial measures calculated in accordance with IFRS. We caution readers that these non-IFRS financial measures may differ from the calculations disclosed by other businesses, and as a result, may not be comparable to similar measures presented by others. Reconciliations of these non-IFRS financial measures to the most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with IFRS, where applicable, are included within this MD&A.

 

 

 

 

 

 


 



Information contained in or otherwise accessible through the websites mentioned does not form part of this Report. All references in this Report to websites are inactive textual references and are not incorporated by reference.

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT 2











 

PART 1 – OVERVIEW AND OUTLOOK

OUR BUSINESS

 

Brookfield is a global alternative asset manager with approximately $250 billion in assets under management. For more than 100 years we have owned and operated assets on behalf of shareholders and clients with a focus on property, renewable power, infrastructure and private equity. We manage a wide range of investment funds and other entities that enable institutional and retail clients to invest in these assets.

 

We earn asset management income including base management fees, carried interests and other forms of performance income for doing so. As at September 30, 2016, our listed partnerships, managed funds and public securities portfolios represented $111 billion of invested and committed fee bearing capital. This capital includes public partnerships that are listed on major stock exchanges; private institutional partnerships that are available to accredited investors, typically pension funds, endowments and other institutional investors; and also portfolios of managed listed securities through a series of segregated accounts and mutual funds.

 

We align our interests with clients by investing alongside them and have approximately $30 billion of capital invested in our listed partnerships, private funds and directly held investments and businesses, based on our IFRS carrying values.

 

Our business model is simple: (i) raise pools of capital from our clients and ourselves that target attractive investment strategies, (ii) utilize our global reach to identify and acquire high-quality assets at favourable valuations, (iii) finance them on a long-term basis, (iv) enhance the cash flows and values of these assets through our operating business groups to earn reliable, attractive long-term total returns, and (v) realize capital from asset sales or refinancings when opportunities arise for reinvestment or distribution to our clients.

 

Organization Structure

 

Our operations are organized into five operating business groups. Our property, renewable power, infrastructure and private equity business groups are responsible for operating the assets owned by our various funds and investee companies. The equity capital invested in these assets is provided by a series of listed partnerships and private funds which are managed by us and are funded with capital from our clients and ourselves. A fifth group operates our public securities business, which manages portfolios of listed securities on behalf of clients.

 

Our balance sheet capital is invested primarily in our four flagship listed partnerships, Brookfield Property Partners L.P. (“BPY” or “Brookfield Property Partners”); Brookfield Renewable Partners L.P. (“BEP” or “Brookfield Renewable Partners”); Brookfield Infrastructure Partners L.P. (“BIP” or “Brookfield Infrastructure Partners”); and Brookfield Business Partners L.P, (“BBU” or “Brookfield Business Partners”). These publicly traded, large capitalization partnerships are the primary vehicles through which we invest our capital in our property, renewable power and infrastructure segments. During the second quarter of 2016, we completed the formation of Brookfield Business Partners by way of a special dividend to shareholders, which is the primary vehicle through which we own and operate the majority of the industrial and services businesses of our private equity business group. We distributed a 21% interest in BBU to shareholders on June 20, 2016 with Brookfield retaining a 79% interest of this business. As well as owning assets directly, these partnerships serve as the cornerstone investors in our private funds, alongside capital committed by institutional investors. This approach enables us to attract a broad range of public and private investment capital and the ability to match our various investment strategies with the most appropriate form of capital.

 

 

 

 

 

 

3 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT











 

ECONOMIC AND MARKET REVIEW

 

(As at October 31, 2016)

 

Central banks in developed markets have maintained or expanded their accommodative policies, as inflation continues to come in below targets. The UK and Australia cut interest rates, Japan unveiled a new policy targeting bond yield levels, and the U.S. Federal Reserve has postponed its next rate hike. The U.S. dollar will likely gain strength as most central banks favour further easing, while the U.S. looks to tighten policy. Political development such as the U.S. elections and Brexit will continue to present uncertainty. The economic outlook for the primary geographies in which we operate is as follows:

 

United States: real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) grew by 2.9% in the third quarter, driven by consumer spending and a rebound in exports. Job growth remained robust with an average of 192,000 jobs added per month from July to September, keeping the unemployment rate at 5% and supporting real wage growth of 2%. Labour market tightness will help push inflation back towards the Fed’s 2% target from its current level of 1.25% and will support the resumption of interest rate hikes. The U.S. should continue to grow by 2 to 3% in the near-term.

 

United Kingdom: real GDP grew by 2.3% in the third quarter, exceeding market consensus. However, it remains likely that the UK will slow over the next 12 months as uncertainty regarding the UK’s future arrangements with the EU weighs on investor and consumer confidence. Comments from Prime Minister Theresa May suggesting the UK will prioritize immigration control over comprehensive single-market access caused the GBP to decrease in value by 6% relative to the USD, bringing the total depreciation to 18% since the Brexit vote.

 

Brazil: the economy is on a path to recovery, as real GDP contracted an estimated 2.7% in the third quarter (versus 3.8% in the second quarter). Dilma Rousseff was officially impeached in August, and Michel Temer was sworn in as President, promising to enact significant structural reforms. Falling inflation supported a 25 basis points SELIC cut to 14.0%, the first in four years. An easing cycle will provide much needed relief to consumers, businesses, and government finances. Brazil is expected to return to positive growth in 2017.

 

Australia: the economy is estimated to have grown by 2.8% in the third quarter, as steady consumption and rising exports continue to outweigh the decline in resource investment. The central bank cut interest rates at the August meeting by 25 basis points to 1.50%, its second cut in 2016, in order to support the economy while the mining boom unwinds.

 

Canada: real GDP rebounded by an estimated 3.2% in the third quarter; the negative impact from the Alberta wildfires last quarter was reversed. A weaker Canadian dollar is facilitating an economic transition away from the resource sector, and job growth in the services and trade-related sectors remains strong. However, high household debt levels and a potential slowdown in the housing sector could weigh on consumption over the next few years.

 

Europe: real GDP in the Eurozone grew by 1.6% in the third quarter, driven by household spending. France and Germany held steady at 1.2% and 1.8%, while Portugal and Italy continued below 1%. Spain outperformed by growing 3.2% and, along with Ireland and Portugal, is seeing major improvements in employment and consumer credit growth. A key upcoming political event is the Italian referendum on constitutional reform (December 4th), where a “No” vote could result in Italy’s Prime Minister stepping down.

 

China: steady real GDP growth was reported in the third quarter at 6.7%, the same pace as the second quarter. Credit stimulus in the first half of 2016 ignited an industrial rebound, but headwinds from weakening private investment, construction activity and external demand underline the challenges of reducing dependence on the “old economy” while maintaining fast growth.

 

 

 

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT 4











 

PART 2 – FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE REVIEW

SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Condensed Statement Of Operations

 

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Three   Months Ended
    	
 
    	
Nine   Months Ended
    	
 
    
	
FOR THE PERIODS ENDED SEP.   30
   (MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    	
 
    
	
Revenues
    	
 
    	
$
    	
6,285
    	
 
    	
$
    	
5,056
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,229
    	
 
    	
$
    	
17,476
    	
 
    	
$
    	
14,375
    	
 
    	
$
    	
3,101
    	
 
    
	
Direct costs
    	
 
    	
(4,590)
    	
 
    	
(3,740)
    	
 
    	
(850)
    	
 
    	
(12,568)
    	
 
    	
(10,341)
    	
 
    	
(2,227)
    	
 
    
	
Gross margin1
    	
 
    	
1,695
    	
 
    	
1,316
    	
 
    	
379
    	
 
    	
4,908
    	
 
    	
4,034
    	
 
    	
874
    	
 
    
	
Other income and gains
    	
 
    	
325
    	
 
    	
133
    	
 
    	
192
    	
 
    	
391
    	
 
    	
145
    	
 
    	
246
    	
 
    
	
Equity accounted income
    	
 
    	
454
    	
 
    	
304
    	
 
    	
150
    	
 
    	
1,041
    	
 
    	
1,174
    	
 
    	
(133)
    	
 
    
	
Expenses
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Interest
    	
 
    	
(825)
    	
 
    	
(691)
    	
 
    	
(134)
    	
 
    	
(2,407)
    	
 
    	
(2,117)
    	
 
    	
(290)
    	
 
    
	
Corporate   costs
    	
 
    	
(20)
    	
 
    	
(25)
    	
 
    	
5
    	
 
    	
(68)
    	
 
    	
(83)
    	
 
    	
15
    	
 
    
	
Fair value changes
    	
 
    	
(59)
    	
 
    	
389
    	
 
    	
(448)
    	
 
    	
358
    	
 
    	
1,572
    	
 
    	
(1,214)
    	
 
    
	
Depreciation and amortization
    	
 
    	
(541)
    	
 
    	
(436)
    	
 
    	
(105)
    	
 
    	
(1,538)
    	
 
    	
(1,265)
    	
 
    	
(273)
    	
 
    
	
Income taxes
    	
 
    	
992
    	
 
    	
(145)
    	
 
    	
1,137
    	
 
    	
556
    	
 
    	
22
    	
 
    	
534
    	
 
    
	
Net income
    	
 
    	
2,021
    	
 
    	
845
    	
 
    	
1,176
    	
 
    	
3,241
    	
 
    	
3,482
    	
 
    	
(241)
    	
 
    
	
Non-controlling interests
    	
 
    	
(985)
    	
 
    	
(556)
    	
 
    	
(429)
    	
 
    	
(1,763)
    	
 
    	
(1,819)
    	
 
    	
56
    	
 
    
	
Net income attributable to shareholders
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,036
    	
 
    	
$
    	
289
    	
 
    	
$
    	
747
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,478
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,663
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(185)
    	
 
    
	
Net income per share
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1.03
    	
 
    	
$
    	
0.26
    	
 
    	
$
    	
0.77
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1.41
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1.60
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(0.19)
    	
 
    


 

1. Gross margin is defined on page 11

 

Condensed Statement Of Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 

 

	
Foreign currency translation
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(151)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(2,106)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,955
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,741
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(3,627)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
5,368
    	
 
    
	
Financial contracts and   power sales agreements
    	
 
    	
11
    	
 
    	
(158)
    	
 
    	
169
    	
 
    	
(253)
    	
 
    	
(82)
    	
 
    	
(171)
    	
 
    
	
Equity accounted   investments and other
    	
 
    	
(114)
    	
 
    	
(291)
    	
 
    	
177
    	
 
    	
19
    	
 
    	
(248)
    	
 
    	
267
    	
 
    
	
Taxes on above items
    	
 
    	
19
    	
 
    	
(17)
    	
 
    	
36
    	
 
    	
64
    	
 
    	
(47)
    	
 
    	
111
    	
 
    
	
Other comprehensive (loss)   income
    	
 
    	
(235)
    	
 
    	
(2,572)
    	
 
    	
2,337
    	
 
    	
1,571
    	
 
    	
(4,004)
    	
 
    	
5,575
    	
 
    
	
Non-controlling interests
    	
 
    	
177
    	
 
    	
1,353
    	
 
    	
(1,176)
    	
 
    	
(1,027)
    	
 
    	
2,406
    	
 
    	
(3,433)
    	
 
    
	
Other comprehensive (loss)   income attributable to shareholders
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(58)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(1,219)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,161
    	
 
    	
$
    	
544
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(1,598)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
2,142
    	
 
    
	
Comprehensive income (loss)   attributable to shareholders
    	
 
    	
$
    	
978
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(930)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,908
    	
 
    	
$
    	
2,022
    	
 
    	
$
    	
65
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,957
    	
 
    


 

Balance Sheet Information

 

 

 

	
AS AT

(MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,
   2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,
   2015
    	
 
    	
Change 
    	
 
    
	
Consolidated assets
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
159,837
    	
 
    	
$
    	
139,514
    	
 
    	
$
    	
20,323
    	
 
    
	
Borrowings   and other non-current financial liabilities
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
73,392
    	
 
    	
65,420
    	
 
    	
7,972
    	
 
    
	
Equity
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
67,119
    	
 
    	
57,227
    	
 
    	
9,892
    	
 
    
																	


 

 

Dividends declared for each class of issued securities for the first nine months of the three most recent years are presented on page 22.

 

 

 

5 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT









 

FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE

 

Overview

 

Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2016 was $2.0 billion, or $1.03 per share, representing an increase of $1.2 billion from the prior year quarter. The increase in net income is due to a $900 million deferred income tax recovery in our property business, as well as the positive variances from operational improvements, new investments and completed developments. These were partially offset by a $448 million reduction in fair value changes.

 

Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was $3.2 billion compared to $3.5 billion in the prior period. The $0.2 billion decrease in net income on a nine-month basis was primarily the result of a lower level of fair value changes recognized in the current period, offset in part by the positive variances noted in the preceding paragraph.

 

Statement of Operations

 

Foreign Currency Translation

 

The most significant currency exchange rates that impact our business are shown in the following table:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Average   Rate
   Three Months Ended
    	
 
    	
Average   Rate
   Nine Months Ended
    
	
FOR THE PERIODS ENDED SEP. 30
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    
	
Australian dollar
    	
 
    	
0.7583
    	
 
    	
0.7255
    	
 
    	
5 %
    	
 
    	
0.7424
    	
 
    	
0.7631
    	
 
    	
(3)%
    
	
Brazilian real
    	
 
    	
3.2468
    	
 
    	
3.5125
    	
 
    	
8 %
    	
 
    	
3.5461
    	
 
    	
3.1260
    	
 
    	
(13)%
    
	
British pound
    	
 
    	
1.3133
    	
 
    	
1.5490
    	
 
    	
(15)%
    	
 
    	
1.3931
    	
 
    	
1.5326
    	
 
    	
(9)%
    
	
Canadian dollar
    	
 
    	
0.7668
    	
 
    	
0.7645
    	
 
    	
— %
    	
 
    	
0.7576
    	
 
    	
0.7948
    	
 
    	
(5)%
    


 

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2016, most average currency exchange rates were higher than the same period in the prior year, other than the British pound; however were lower than the 2015 period on a year-to-date basis. Average currency exchange rates impacts the U.S dollar equivalent of revenues, expenses and equity accounted earnings from our non-U.S. operations on a comparative basis.

 

Revenues and Gross Margin

 

The following table presents consolidated revenues and gross margin, which we have disaggregated into our operating segments in order to facilitate a review of variances between 2016 and 2015. Gross margin is calculated as revenue less direct costs as presented in our Consolidated Statement of Operations. Acquisitions, dispositions, changes in the basis of presentation such as between consolidation or equity accounting following changes in control can impact revenues and direct costs concurrently as can foreign currency fluctuations; accordingly, analysis of revenues less direct costs (i.e. gross margin) on a segmented basis can facilitate analysis by presenting the net impact of these items.

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Revenues
    	
 
    	
Gross   Margin
    	
 
    	
Change
    
	
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Revenues
    	
 
    	
Gross
   Margin
    
	
Asset management
    	
 
    	
$
    	
283
    	
 
    	
$
    	
251
    	
 
    	
$
    	
177
    	
 
    	
$
    	
143
    	
 
    	
$
    	
32
    	
 
    	
$
    	
34
    
	
Property
    	
 
    	
1,658
    	
 
    	
1,403
    	
 
    	
873
    	
 
    	
689
    	
 
    	
255
    	
 
    	
184
    
	
Renewable power
    	
 
    	
627
    	
 
    	
342
    	
 
    	
353
    	
 
    	
200
    	
 
    	
285
    	
 
    	
153
    
	
Infrastructure
    	
 
    	
593
    	
 
    	
532
    	
 
    	
296
    	
 
    	
316
    	
 
    	
61
    	
 
    	
(20)
    
	
Private equity
    	
 
    	
2,583
    	
 
    	
2,273
    	
 
    	
255
    	
 
    	
185
    	
 
    	
310
    	
 
    	
70
    
	
Residential development
    	
 
    	
832
    	
 
    	
539
    	
 
    	
37
    	
 
    	
60
    	
 
    	
293
    	
 
    	
(23)
    
	
Corporate activities
    	
 
    	
33
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
21
    	
 
    	
(13)
    	
 
    	
33
    	
 
    	
34
    
	
Eliminations and adjustments1
    	
 
    	
(324)
    	
 
    	
(284)
    	
 
    	
(317)
    	
 
    	
(264)
    	
 
    	
(40)
    	
 
    	
(53)
    
	
Total consolidated
    	
 
    	
$
    	
6,285
    	
 
    	
$
    	
5,056
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,695
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,316
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,229
    	
 
    	
$
    	
379
    


 

1. Adjustment to eliminate asset management fee revenue and carried interest, interest income earned from entities that we consolidate and revenues earned on construction projects between consolidated entities. See Note 3 to our Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT 6

 











 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Revenues
    	
 
    	
Gross   Margin
    	
 
    	
Change
    
	
FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Revenues
    	
 
    	
Gross Margin
    
	
Asset management
    	
 
    	
$
    	
881
    	
 
    	
$
    	
714
    	
 
    	
$
    	
561
    	
 
    	
$
    	
407
    	
 
    	
$
    	
167
    	
 
    	
$
    	
154
    
	
Property
    	
 
    	
4,769
    	
 
    	
4,020
    	
 
    	
2,479
    	
 
    	
2,020
    	
 
    	
749
    	
 
    	
459
    
	
Renewable power
    	
 
    	
1,898
    	
 
    	
1,243
    	
 
    	
1,114
    	
 
    	
828
    	
 
    	
655
    	
 
    	
286
    
	
Infrastructure
    	
 
    	
1,690
    	
 
    	
1,606
    	
 
    	
920
    	
 
    	
929
    	
 
    	
84
    	
 
    	
(9)
    
	
Private equity
    	
 
    	
7,240
    	
 
    	
5,978
    	
 
    	
613
    	
 
    	
414
    	
 
    	
1,262
    	
 
    	
199
    
	
Residential development
    	
 
    	
1,808
    	
 
    	
1,540
    	
 
    	
46
    	
 
    	
132
    	
 
    	
268
    	
 
    	
(86)
    
	
Corporate activities
    	
 
    	
149
    	
 
    	
93
    	
 
    	
103
    	
 
    	
60
    	
 
    	
56
    	
 
    	
43
    
	
Eliminations and adjustments1
    	
 
    	
(959)
    	
 
    	
(819)
    	
 
    	
(928)
    	
 
    	
(756)
    	
 
    	
(140)
    	
 
    	
(172)
    
	
Total consolidated
    	
 
    	
$
    	
17,476
    	
 
    	
$
    	
14,375
    	
 
    	
$
    	
4,908
    	
 
    	
$
    	
4,034
    	
 
    	
$
    	
3,101
    	
 
    	
$
    	
874
    


 

1. Adjustment to eliminate asset management fee revenue and carried interest, interest income earned from entities that we consolidate and revenues earned on construction projects between consolidated entities. See Note 3 to our Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Significant variances in revenues and gross margin on a segmented basis are as follows:

 

Asset Management

 

Three months ended September 30: Fee revenues increased by 24% due to a $70 million increase in base management fees and incentive distributions. Base management fees from private funds increased 51% to $119 million, reflecting additional fee bearing capital raised during the last twelve months, most of which relates to our private funds. Gross margin increased by 24% as direct costs expanded at a slower rate than fee revenues because we previously expanded our operating base to manage a larger level of capital. Revenues in the prior year quarter included $22 million of realized carried interest compared to $nil in the current period, as well as $9 million of advisory fees which are now earned in BBU in the current quarter following the spin-off of BBU, and therefore included under private equity.

 

Nine months ended September 30: Fee revenues increased by 23% to $881 million, primarily as a result of $216 million higher base management fees and incentive distributions. This was partially offset by $49 million of carried interest earned in the prior year as compared to $nil in the current year. We also earned $47 million of transaction and advisory fees in the current year, which included $21 million of fees on two large transactions in the first quarter of 2016. This resulted in an increase in gross margin to $561 million, a 38% increase, as revenue growth outpaced increases in costs.

 

Property

 

Three months ended September 30: Acquisitions contributed additional $191 million of revenues and $125 million of gross margin in the quarter. This included the contribution from assets acquired in our opportunistic segment over the last twelve months including an office portfolio in Brazil, a U.S. regional mall business, a U.S. self-storage portfolio and a UK resort operation. We also generated $88 million and $61 million of revenues and gross margin, respectively, on the sale of a merchant development property in our multifamily portfolio. Same-property growth resulted in a $13 million increase in gross margin as a result of growth in occupancy and rental rates in our office portfolio, in particular at Brookfield Place New York. These positive variances were partially offset by the loss of $40 million of revenue and $29 million of gross margin from properties sold within our core office portfolio and the depreciation of currencies at non-U.S. subsidiaries.

 

Nine months ended September 30: Revenues and gross margin increased by $749 million and $459 million, respectively, due to the factors noted above. Acquisitions made in 2015 and 2016 contributed to $663 million and $387 million increase in revenues and gross margin, respectively, while merchant development sales increased revenues and gross margin by $296 million and $117 million. The prior year’s revenues include $137 million of development fees in our industrial business. The increases in the current year were offset by a $107 million decrease as a result of the sale of assets in our core office portfolio since the 2015 period and the impact of foreign exchange.

 

Renewable Power

 

Three months ended September 30: Acquisitions in Colombia, Brazil and Pennsylvania contributed $220 million of additional revenues during the quarter. Higher product pricing and ancillary revenue sales increased revenues and gross margin by $16 million, and we also recognized $20 million of revenue relating to settlements of historic power purchase agreements. The impact of reduced generation in our hydroelectric facilities was mostly offset by additional wind generation. Gross margin includes $274 million of direct operating costs, an increase of $132 million over the prior year, of which $126 million are attributable to costs associated with newly acquired facilities.

 

Nine months ended September 30: Revenues increased by $655 million compared to the same period in 2015, primarily due to the contribution from acquisitions and higher generation from existing assets which contributed $755 million and $398 million of revenues and gross margins, respectively. These increases were partially offset by weaker relative pricing and depreciation of non-U.S. currencies, which reduced revenue by $72 million and $38 million, respectively. Gross margin increased by $286 million, reflective of growth in the portfolio due to the acquisitions.

 

7 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT

 











 

Private Equity

 

Three months ended September 30: Construction services revenues increased by $97 million as a result of additional project work performed in the current year compared to the prior year whereas gross margin decreased by $8 million as a result of cost overruns. Our directly held panel board business’ revenues and gross margin increased by $75 million and $80 million, benefitting from a 48% increase in North American OSB prices. Revenue in other industrial operations increased by $33 million due to several acquisitions completed in late 2015, including a graphite electrode business and a palladium mining operation. Our facilities management operations contributed an additional $34 million to revenues as we completed onboarding of projects won earlier in the year, as well as from our recent acquisition of a data centre facilities manager.

 

Nine months ended September 30: Revenues and gross margin increased by $1.3 billion and $199 million, respectively. The increase primarily reflects the factors described above, and includes increases in construction services revenues by $505 million, panel board revenues by $293 million and other industrial operations revenues by $409 million. The increase in gross margin is primarily attributable to our panel board business, contributing a total of $214 million. This increase was partially offset by negative margins in our construction services business due to cost overruns and in our energy business due to weak market conditions.

 

Residential Development

 

Three months ended September 30: Third quarter revenues increased by $293 million in the quarter. The increase is primarily generated from our Brazilian operations, contributing an additional $275 million to revenue this quarter compared to September 30, 2015; however, gross margin decreased as a result of weaker economic conditions that have reduced margins on projects delivered. Our operations in North America follow a similar trend, whereby revenues have increased by $27 million while gross margin have decreased by $21 million, primarily due to the effect of an economic slowdown in our western Canadian markets resulting from the continuation of depressed energy prices.

 

Nine months ended September 30: Revenues increased by $268 million while our gross margin decreased by $86 million. The fluctuations primarily reflect the factors described above. Our Brazilian operations have contributed $279 million of revenue while its gross margin has decreased by $24 million. The remainder of the fluctuations in gross margins relate to our North American operations due to the aforementioned factors.

 

Equity Accounted Income

 

Equity accounted income represents our share of the net income recorded by investments over which we exercise significant influence. The following table disaggregates consolidated equity accounted income to facilitate analysis:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Three   Months Ended
    	
 
    	
Nine   Months Ended
    
	
FOR THE PERIODS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    
	
Property operations
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
General Growth Properties
    	
 
    	
$
    	
160
    	
 
    	
$
    	
130
    	
 
    	
$
    	
30
    	
 
    	
$
    	
380
    	
 
    	
$
    	
452
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(72)
    
	
Canary Wharf
    	
 
    	
6
    	
 
    	
11
    	
 
    	
(5)
    	
 
    	
(58)
    	
 
    	
240
    	
 
    	
(298)
    
	
Other property operations
    	
 
    	
222
    	
 
    	
105
    	
 
    	
117
    	
 
    	
472
    	
 
    	
362
    	
 
    	
110
    
	
Infrastructure operations
    	
 
    	
34
    	
 
    	
28
    	
 
    	
6
    	
 
    	
173
    	
 
    	
91
    	
 
    	
82
    
	
Private equity and other
    	
 
    	
32
    	
 
    	
30
    	
 
    	
2
    	
 
    	
74
    	
 
    	
29
    	
 
    	
45
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
454
    	
 
    	
$
    	
304
    	
 
    	
$
    	
150
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,041
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,174
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(133)
    


 

 

Our share of GGP’s equity accounted income increased by $30 million compared to the prior year period. The increase is primarily due to a $72 million increase of mark-to-market gains on warrants issued by GGP based on changes in the fair value of the warrants, partially offset by a $41 million decrease of our share of appraisal gains on GGP’s retail malls. Excluding these amounts, GGP’s equity accounted income remained relatively consistent as the same-store growth of 4% was offset by the absence of earnings on assets that have been sold. On a year-to-date basis, our share of GGP’s equity accounted income decreased by $72 million mostly from a higher level of fair value gains recorded in prior year and the absence of the contribution from assets sold.

 

 

Our proportionate share of Canary Wharf’s net income decreased by $298 million on a year-to-date basis. The current year includes fair value gains of $25 million related to its investment property portfolio, more than offset by $183 million of unrealized losses on interest rate swap contracts. The prior year included appraisal gains and unrealized gains on interest rate swaps of $175 million and $19 million, respectively.

 

 

Equity accounted income from other property operations increased by $117 million in quarter, primarily due to a $159 million increase in appraisal gains from our core office sector, partially offset by other fair value losses.

 

 

Infrastructure equity accounted income for the nine months includes a $103 million gain recognized in the second quarter of 2016 on the privatization of our Brazilian toll road investment. The gain was determined based on the difference between the cost paid for our additional interest and our IFRS carrying value of this business.

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT 8

 











 

Interest Expense

 

 

The following table presents interest expense organized by the balance sheet classification of the associated liability:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Three Months Ended
    	
 
    	
Nine Months Ended
    
	
FOR THE PERIODS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    
	
Corporate borrowings
    	
 
    	
$
    	
64
    	
 
    	
$
    	
56
    	
 
    	
$
    	
8
    	
 
    	
$
    	
180
    	
 
    	
$
    	
168
    	
 
    	
$
    	
12
    
	
Non-recourse borrowings
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Property-specific mortgages
    	
 
    	
630
    	
 
    	
519
    	
 
    	
111
    	
 
    	
1,858
    	
 
    	
1,596
    	
 
    	
262
    
	
Subsidiary borrowings
    	
 
    	
87
    	
 
    	
81
    	
 
    	
6
    	
 
    	
237
    	
 
    	
247
    	
 
    	
(10)
    
	
Subsidiary equity obligations
    	
 
    	
44
    	
 
    	
35
    	
 
    	
9
    	
 
    	
132
    	
 
    	
106
    	
 
    	
26
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
825
    	
 
    	
$
    	
691
    	
 
    	
$
    	
134
    	
 
    	
$
    	
2,407
    	
 
    	
$
    	
2,117
    	
 
    	
$
    	
290
    


 

 

Interest expense on property-specific mortgages during the quarter increased by $111 million over the prior year and included an additional $77 million ($232 million on a nine-month basis) of interest on borrowings associated with acquisitions across our operations. We continue to refinance maturing obligations and, in certain instances, increased the notional level of borrowings, albeit at reduced rates.

 

 

The majority of our borrowings are fixed rate long-term financing. Accordingly, changes in interest rates are typically limited to the impact of refinancing borrowings at current rates or changes in the level of debt as a result of acquisitions and dispositions. Borrowings are generally denominated in the same currencies as the assets they finance and therefore the overall increase in the value of the U.S. dollar in this period, compared to the prior year quarter and nine-month period, resulted in a decrease in the translated value of the interest expense on non-U.S. dollar denominated borrowings.

 

 

Fair Value Changes

 

 

The following table disaggregates fair value changes into major components to facilitate analysis:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Three   Months Ended
    	
 
    	
Nine   Months Ended
    
	
FOR THE PERIODS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    
	
Investment properties
    	
 
    	
$
    	
99
    	
 
    	
$
    	
410
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(311)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
590
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,521
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(931)
    
	
General Growth Properties warrants
    	
 
    	
(151)
    	
 
    	
33
    	
 
    	
(184)
    	
 
    	
33
    	
 
    	
(118)
    	
 
    	
151
    
	
Redeemable fund units
    	
 
    	
12
    	
 
    	
18
    	
 
    	
(6)
    	
 
    	
(33)
    	
 
    	
31
    	
 
    	
(64)
    
	
Transaction related gains (losses)
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
232
    	
 
    	
(232)
    
	
Investment in Canary Wharf
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
150
    	
 
    	
(150)
    
	
Impairments and other
    	
 
    	
(19)
    	
 
    	
(72)
    	
 
    	
53
    	
 
    	
(232)
    	
 
    	
(244)
    	
 
    	
12
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(59)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
389
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(448)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
358
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,572
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(1,214)
    


 

 

Investment Properties Appraisal Gains

 

Our investment properties are recorded at fair value with changes recorded in net income. The following table disaggregates investment property fair value changes by asset type:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Three   Months Ended
    	
 
    	
Nine   Months Ended
    
	
FOR THE PERIODS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    
	
Core office
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(148)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
64
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(212)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
17
    	
 
    	
$
    	
955
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(938)
    
	
Opportunistic and other
    	
 
    	
247
    	
 
    	
346
    	
 
    	
(99)
    	
 
    	
573
    	
 
    	
566
    	
 
    	
7
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
99
    	
 
    	
$
    	
410
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(311)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
590
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,521
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(931)
    


 

 

Office property values decreased in the quarter due to lower appraised values of certain office properties, primarily located in commodity based markets, as a result of lower pricing assumptions on lease renewals reflecting slower growth. Appraisal gains were higher in the prior year on both a three and nine-month basis, due to greater increases in the valuations within our New York and Australian office core portfolios, mainly as a result of cash flow changes arising from leases signed during the period and some discount and capitalization rate compression to reflect improvements in the office markets in the impacted regions.

 

Opportunistic and other appraisal gains were mostly recorded within our multifamily portfolio due to increases in rental income and from recently completed development projects and in our industrial portfolio as a result of positive leasing.

 

9 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT

 











 

The changes in values on an overall basis were predominantly the result of changes in projected cash flows.

 

We discuss the key valuation inputs of our investment properties on page 18.

 

General Growth Properties Warrants

 

The fair value of our GGP warrants decreased by $151 million during the third quarter of 2016 (an increase of $33 million on a nine-month basis), as a result of a decrease in GGP’s share price over the quarter (an increase in GGP’s share price since the beginning of the year). In the prior year, the fair value of our GGP warrants increased by $33 million for the three months (a decrease of $118 million on a nine-month basis). This loss was partially offset by our share of the mark-to-market gain on the warrants recorded by GGP, which is included in equity accounted income. These warrants are convertible into 72 million common shares of GGP.

 

Transaction Related Gains

 

Included in the prior year nine-month period are two significant transaction-related gains. First, in January of 2015 we acquired natural gas production facilities in western Canada valued at $652 million for gross consideration of $481 million, including debt financing. The fair value of the proved and probable reserves at acquisition was greater than the consideration paid, resulting in a $171 million gain being recorded in net income. Secondly, in February 2015 we acquired the remaining 50% interest in an integrated real estate management services business, increasing our ownership to 100%. We commenced consolidation of the business which required us to revalue our existing 50% investment to the acquisition cost resulting in a $101 million gain based on the excess of our consideration paid over our IFRS book value.

 

Investment in Canary Wharf

 

In the first quarter of 2015, we recognized a revaluation gain on our 22% interest in Canary Wharf of $150 million upon increasing our ownership in the investment to 50%.

 

Impairments and Other

 

During the third quarter, we recognized $46 million of impairments of inventory and legal provisions at our Brazilian residential operations (2015 – $24 million). Other fair value changes include losses on financial contracts used to offset foreign currency and interest rate exposure.

 

Depreciation and Amortization

 

Depreciation and amortization is summarized in the following table:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Three   Months Ended
    	
 
    	
Nine   Months Ended
    
	
FOR THE PERIODS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    
	
Renewable power
    	
 
    	
$
    	
215
    	
 
    	
$
    	
160
    	
 
    	
$
    	
55
    	
 
    	
$
    	
610
    	
 
    	
$
    	
489
    	
 
    	
$
    	
121
    
	
Infrastructure
    	
 
    	
131
    	
 
    	
102
    	
 
    	
29
    	
 
    	
352
    	
 
    	
303
    	
 
    	
49
    
	
Private equity
    	
 
    	
96
    	
 
    	
94
    	
 
    	
2
    	
 
    	
294
    	
 
    	
245
    	
 
    	
49
    
	
Property
    	
 
    	
85
    	
 
    	
67
    	
 
    	
18
    	
 
    	
245
    	
 
    	
184
    	
 
    	
61
    
	
Other
    	
 
    	
14
    	
 
    	
13
    	
 
    	
1
    	
 
    	
37
    	
 
    	
44
    	
 
    	
(7)
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
541
    	
 
    	
$
    	
436
    	
 
    	
$
    	
105
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,538
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,265
    	
 
    	
$
    	
273
    


 

 

The increase in depreciation and amortization expense over the 2015 periods is primarily attributable to depreciation recorded on assets acquired over the past twelve months and larger amounts of depreciation recorded on the higher book value of our infrastructure and renewable power property, plant and equipment, following our annual revaluation in the fourth quarter of 2015. This increase was partially offset by the impact of foreign exchange on our non-U.S. dollar denominated operations.

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT 10

 











 

Income Taxes

 

 

Income tax changed from an expense at $145 million to a recovery of $992 million in the third quarter of 2016. Deferred taxes recovery totalled $1.0 billion (2015 – $107 million expense) whereas current taxes totalled $38 million (2015 – $38 million). The following table sets out our effective tax rate:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Three   Months Ended
    	
 
    	
Nine   Months Ended
    
	
FOR THE PERIODS ENDED SEP. 30
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    
	
Statutory   income tax rate
    	
 
    	
26 %
    	
 
    	
26 %
    	
 
    	
— %
    	
 
    	
26 %
    	
 
    	
26 %
    	
 
    	
— %
    
	
Increase   (reduction) in rate resulting from:
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Change   in tax rates and new legislation
    	
 
    	
(98)
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
(98)
    	
 
    	
(38)
    	
 
    	
(13)
    	
 
    	
(25)
    
	
International   operations subject to different  tax rates
    	
 
    	
(10)
    	
 
    	
(9)
    	
 
    	
(1)
    	
 
    	
(7)
    	
 
    	
(9)
    	
 
    	
2
    
	
Taxable   income attribute to non-controlling  interests
    	
 
    	
(5)
    	
 
    	
(10)
    	
 
    	
5
    	
 
    	
(3)
    	
 
    	
(6)
    	
 
    	
3
    
	
Recognition   of previously unrecorded  tax assets
    	
 
    	
(4)
    	
 
    	
1
    	
 
    	
(5)
    	
 
    	
(1)
    	
 
    	
(1)
    	
 
    	
—
    
	
Non-recognition   of the benefit of current year  tax losses
    	
 
    	
2
    	
 
    	
7
    	
 
    	
(5)
    	
 
    	
5
    	
 
    	
4
    	
 
    	
1
    
	
Other
    	
 
    	
(7)
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
(7)
    	
 
    	
(3)
    	
 
    	
(1)
    	
 
    	
(2)
    
	
Effective   income tax rate
    	
 
    	
(96)%
    	
 
    	
15%
    	
 
    	
(111)%
    	
 
    	
(21)%
    	
 
    	
—%
    	
 
    	
(21)%
    


 

 

The most significant change in our quarterly effective tax rate was a change in tax rates arising from the reorganization of certain of our U.S. property operations which resulted in these businesses being held through a real estate investment trust and a reduction in the effective tax rate. The application of these lower tax rates to cumulative timing differences, such as fair value gains, resulted in a $900 million reduction of deferred income tax liabilities.

 

 

We operate in countries with different tax rates, most of which vary from our domestic statutory rate and we also benefit from tax incentives introduced in various countries to encourage economic activity. Differences in global tax rates gave rise to a 10% decrease in our effective tax rate compared to a 9% reduction in 2015. The difference will vary from period to period depending on the relative proportion of income in each country.

 

 

As an asset manager, many of our operations are held in partially owned “flow through” entities, such as partnerships, and any tax liability is incurred by the investors as opposed to the entity. As a result, while our consolidated net income includes income attributable to non-controlling ownership interest in these entities, our consolidated tax provision includes only our proportionate share of the tax provision of these entities. In other words, we are consolidating all of the net income, but only our share of their tax provision. This gave rise to a 5% and 10% reduction in the effective tax rate relative to the statutory tax rate in 2016 and 2015, respectively.

 

 

Other Comprehensive Income

 

 

Foreign Currency Translation

 

 

We record the impact of changes in foreign currencies on the carrying value of our net investments in non-U.S. operations in other comprehensive income. Changes in the value of currency contracts that qualify as hedges are included in foreign currency translation. The following table disaggregates the impact of foreign currency translation on our equity by the most significant non-U.S. currencies:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Three   Months Ended
    	
 
    	
Nine   Months Ended
    
	
FOR THE PERIODS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Australian dollar
    	
 
    	
$
    	
169
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(393)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
250
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(651)
    
	
Brazilian real
    	
 
    	
(115)
    	
 
    	
(1,459)
    	
 
    	
1,308
    	
 
    	
(2,443)
    
	
British pound
    	
 
    	
(204)
    	
 
    	
(282)
    	
 
    	
(1,061)
    	
 
    	
(279)
    
	
Canadian dollar
    	
 
    	
(138)
    	
 
    	
(631)
    	
 
    	
501
    	
 
    	
(1,333)
    
	
Other
    	
 
    	
64
    	
 
    	
(126)
    	
 
    	
735
    	
 
    	
(255)
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
(224)
    	
 
    	
(2,891)
    	
 
    	
1,733
    	
 
    	
(4,961)
    
	
Currency hedges
    	
 
    	
73
    	
 
    	
785
    	
 
    	
8
    	
 
    	
1,334
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(151)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(2,106)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,741
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(3,627)
    


 

 

Currency hedges include financial contracts that we utilize to manage foreign currency exposures as well as foreign currency debt, which we have elected as a hedge. We hedged the majority of our exposure on the British pound and, accordingly, currency hedging gains include gains on these contracts. We typically do not hedge our Brazilian real equity due to the high cost associated with these contracts, which produced the majority of our net foreign currency translation gain in 2016 and loss in 2015 on a nine-months basis.

 

11 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT

 









 

FINANCIAL PROFILE

 

Foreign Currency Translation

 

The most significant currency exchange rates that impact our balance sheet are shown in the following table:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,
   2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,
   2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    	
 
    
	
Australian dollar
    	
 
    	
0.7659
    	
 
    	
0.7287
    	
 
    	
5
    	
%
    
	
Brazilian real
    	
 
    	
3.2457
    	
 
    	
3.9604
    	
 
    	
18
    	
%
    
	
British pound
    	
 
    	
1.2977
    	
 
    	
1.4736
    	
 
    	
(12)
    	
%
    
	
Canadian dollar
    	
 
    	
0.7617
    	
 
    	
0.7227
    	
 
    	
5
    	
%
    


 

As at September 30, 2016, our IFRS net equity of $22.4 billion was invested in the following currencies: United States dollars – 46%; British pounds – 14%; Brazilian reais – 15%; Australian dollars – 12%; Canadian dollars – 6%; and other currencies – 7%. From time to time, we utilize financial contracts to adjust these exposures.

 

Currency exchange rates relative to the U.S. dollar at the end of the third quarter of 2016 were higher than December 31, 2015, for most of our significant non-U.S. dollar investments, other than the British pound which impacts the carrying values of the assets and liabilities from our subsidiaries or investments in these regions.

 

Consolidated Assets

 

The following table presents our consolidated assets at September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015:

 

 

 

	
(MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,
   2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,
   2015
    	
 
    	
Change 
    
	
Investment properties
    	
 
    	
$
    	
50,374
    	
 
    	
$
    	
47,164
    	
 
    	
$
    	
3,210
    
	
Property, plant and equipment
    	
 
    	
45,203
    	
 
    	
37,273
    	
 
    	
7,930
    
	
Equity accounted investments
    	
 
    	
24,453
    	
 
    	
23,216
    	
 
    	
1,237
    
	
Cash and cash equivalents
    	
 
    	
4,372
    	
 
    	
2,774
    	
 
    	
1,598
    
	
Financial assets
    	
 
    	
5,096
    	
 
    	
6,156
    	
 
    	
(1,060)
    
	
Accounts receivable and other
    	
 
    	
8,882
    	
 
    	
7,044
    	
 
    	
1,838
    
	
Inventory
    	
 
    	
5,869
    	
 
    	
5,281
    	
 
    	
588
    
	
Intangible assets
    	
 
    	
6,294
    	
 
    	
5,170
    	
 
    	
1,124
    
	
Goodwill
    	
 
    	
3,932
    	
 
    	
2,543
    	
 
    	
1,389
    
	
Deferred income tax asset
    	
 
    	
1,602
    	
 
    	
1,496
    	
 
    	
106
    
	
Assets held for sale
    	
 
    	
3,760
    	
 
    	
1,397
    	
 
    	
2,363
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
159,837
    	
 
    	
$
    	
139,514
    	
 
    	
$
    	
20,323
    


 

Consolidated assets at September 30, 2016 were $159.8 billion, an increase of $20.3 billion since December 31, 2015. The carrying value of our investment properties, property, plant and equipment and equity accounted investments increased by $12.4 billion since year end due to acquisitions and development activities, partially offset by dispositions and depreciation. Our assets also increased as a result of the appreciation of most non-U.S. dollar currencies in which we operate against the U.S. dollar, most notably the Brazilian real, partially offset by a decrease in the value of the British pound. We present our consolidated balance sheets on a non-classified basis, meaning that we do not distinguish between current and long-term assets or liabilities. We believe this classification is appropriate given the nature of our business strategy.

 

Investment Properties

 

The following table presents the major contributors to the period-over-period variances for our investment properties:

 

 

 

	
AS AT AND FOR THE NINE   MONTHS ENDED SEP. 30, 2016
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Balance, beginning of year
    	
 
    	
$
    	
47,164
    
	
Acquisitions and additions
    	
 
    	
7,051
    
	
Dispositions1
    	
 
    	
(4,920)
    
	
Fair value changes
    	
 
    	
590
    
	
Foreign currency translation
    	
 
    	
489
    
	
Total change
    	
 
    	
3,210
    
	
Balance, end of period
    	
 
    	
$
    	
50,374
    


 

1. Includes reclassification of investment properties that are held for sale

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT 12











 

Acquisitions include $6.1 billion within our property operations, primarily related to the privatization of a retail mall business in the U.S., a U.S. self-storage business, and a UK student housing portfolio. Additions are related to growth capital expenditures to fund investments in development projects. Dispositions include the reclassification of $3.1 billion of properties to held for sale, based on plans to dispose of three office properties, five industrial assets throughout Europe and Asia and a portfolio of multifamily assets in the U.S.

 

The fair value of investment properties is generally determined by discounting the expected future cash flows of the properties, typically over a term of 10 years using discount and terminal capitalization rates reflective of the characteristics, location and market of each property.

 

The consolidated key valuation metrics of our investment properties are presented in the following table on a weighted average basis, disaggregated into the principal operations of our property segment for analysis purposes. In determining the fair value of investment properties, management uses external information and observable conditions, where possible, supplemented by internal analysis as required. The determination of fair value requires the use of estimates, which have been applied in a manner consistent with that of year end and there are currently no known trends, events or uncertainties that we reasonably believe could have a sufficiently pervasive impact across our businesses, which is diversified by asset class, geography and market, to materially affect the methodologies or assumptions utilized to determine the estimated fair values reflected in this report. Discount rates and capitalization rates are inherently uncertain and may be impacted by, among other things, movements in interest rates in the geographies and markets in which the assets are located. Changes in estimates across different geographies and markets, such as discount rates and terminal capitalization rates, often move independently to one another and not necessarily in the same direction or to the same degree. Furthermore, impacts on our estimated values from changes in discount rates / terminal capitalization rates and cash flows are usually inversely correlated as the circumstances that typically give rise to increased interest rates (i.e. strong economic growth, inflation) usually give rise to increased cash flows at the asset level.

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Core   Office
    	
 
    	
Opportunistic
    and   Other
    	
 
    	
Weighted   Average
    
	
AS AT SEP. 30, 2016 AND DEC. 31, 2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Discount rate
    	
 
    	
6.8%
    	
 
    	
6.8%
    	
 
    	
7.5%
    	
 
    	
7.2%
    	
 
    	
7.2%
    	
 
    	
6.9%
    
	
Terminal capitalization rate
    	
 
    	
5.7%
    	
 
    	
5.7%
    	
 
    	
7.5%
    	
 
    	
7.6%
    	
 
    	
6.1%
    	
 
    	
6.0%
    
	
Investment horizon (years)
    	
 
    	
11
    	
 
    	
11
    	
 
    	
8
    	
 
    	
8
    	
 
    	
11
    	
 
    	
11
    


 

Property, Plant and Equipment

 

The following table presents the major components of the period-over-period variances for our property, plant and equipment (“PP&E”), disaggregated by operating business group for analysis purposes:

 

 

	
AS AT AND FOR THE
   NINE MONTHS ENDED SEP. 30, 2016
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
Renewable
   Power
    	
 
    	
Infrastructure
    	
 
    	
Property
    	
 
    	
Private
   Equity
    and

Other
    	
 
    	
Total
    
	
Balance, beginning of period
    	
 
    	
$
    	
19,738
    	
 
    	
$
    	
8,338
    	
 
    	
$
    	
5,316
    	
 
    	
$
    	
3,881
    	
 
    	
$
    	
37,273
    
	
Acquisitions and additions
    	
 
    	
6,006
    	
 
    	
1,520
    	
 
    	
335
    	
 
    	
152
    	
 
    	
8,013
    
	
Dispositions1
    	
 
    	
(2)
    	
 
    	
(3)
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
(155)
    	
 
    	
(160)
    
	
Depreciation
    	
 
    	
(610)
    	
 
    	
(279)
    	
 
    	
(188)
    	
 
    	
(291)
    	
 
    	
(1,368)
    
	
Foreign currency translation
    	
 
    	
1,672
    	
 
    	
(60)
    	
 
    	
(281)
    	
 
    	
114
    	
 
    	
1,445
    
	
Total change
    	
 
    	
7,066
    	
 
    	
1,178
    	
 
    	
(134)
    	
 
    	
(180)
    	
 
    	
7,930
    
	
Balance, end of period
    	
 
    	
$
    	
26,804
    	
 
    	
$
    	
9,516
    	
 
    	
$
    	
5,182
    	
 
    	
$
    	
3,701
    	
 
    	
$
    	
45,203
    


 

1. Includes reclassification to held for sale

 

 

We record PP&E in our renewable power, infrastructure, and hospitality properties within our property operations using the revaluation method, which results in these assets being fair valued at the end of each fiscal year, and then depreciated quarterly, based on the carrying value. PP&E within our private equity and other operations is carried at amortized cost.

Acquisitions and additions of $6.0 billion within our renewable power operations include a 3,032 megawatts (“MW”) hydroelectric portfolio in Colombia, a 51 MW hydroelectric portfolio in Brazil, and a 296 MW hydroelectric portfolio in Pennsylvania. Additions in our infrastructure segment include investments in internal growth capital projects, as well as the acquisition of an Australian ports business ($257 million) and a U.S. gas storage business ($825 million). Additions in our property segment include the acquisition of a U.S. hospitality asset. Property, plant and equipment also increased by $1.4 billion from year end due to positive foreign currency revaluation on non-U.S. assets, predominantly on those denominated in Brazil and Colombia, partially offset by the impact of the British pound on UK assets.

 

13 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT











 

Equity Accounted Investments

 

 

The following table presents the major components of the period-over-period variances for our equity accounted investments, disaggregated by operating business group for analysis purposes:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Property
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
AS AT AND FOR THE
   NINE MONTHS ENDED SEP. 30, 2016
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
GGP
    	
 
    	
Canary

  Wharf
    	
 
    	
  Other
    	
 
    	
Renewable
   Power
    	
 
    	
Infrastructure
    	
 
    	
Private
   Equity
   and

  Other
    	
 
    	
  Total
    
	
Balance, beginning of period
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
7,215
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
3,400
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
6,879
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
197
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
4,690
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
835
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
23,216
    
	
Additions
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
282
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
1,442
    	
 
    	
65
    	
 
    	
1,789
    
	
Dispositions1
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
(1,269)
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
(105)
    	
 
    	
(1,374)
    
	
Share of net income (loss)
    	
 
    	
380
    	
 
    	
(58)
    	
 
    	
472
    	
 
    	
1
    	
 
    	
173
    	
 
    	
73
    	
 
    	
1,041
    
	
Share   of other comprehensive  income (loss)
    	
 
    	
4
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
(15)
    	
 
    	
3
    	
 
    	
8
    	
 
    	
(52)
    	
 
    	
(52)
    
	
Distributions received
    	
 
    	
(153)
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
(113)
    	
 
    	
(6)
    	
 
    	
(48)
    	
 
    	
(44)
    	
 
    	
(364)
    
	
Foreign currency translation and other
    	
 
    	
9
    	
 
    	
(400)
    	
 
    	
45
    	
 
    	
7
    	
 
    	
432
    	
 
    	
104
    	
 
    	
197
    
	
Net change
    	
 
    	
240
    	
 
    	
(458)
    	
 
    	
(598)
    	
 
    	
5
    	
 
    	
2,007
    	
 
    	
41
    	
 
    	
1,237
    
	
Balance, end of period
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
7,455
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
2,942
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
6,281
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
202
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
6,697
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
876
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
24,453
    


 

1. Includes reclassification of equity accounted investments that are held for sale

 

Our largest equity accounted investments are within our property operations and include a 29% interest in GGP with a carrying value of $7.5 billion at September 30, 2016 and our investment in Canary Wharf at $2.9 billion.

 

Equity accounted investments increased by $1.2 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2016. On a year-to-date basis, we made investments of $1.8 billion including Brazilian toll road, North American gas transmission and Australian ports businesses. During the quarter, we disposed a portfolio of hospitality assets in Germany and two industrial assets in the U.S., reducing our equity accounted investments by $299 million. We also completed the privatization of a U.S. regional mall business during the quarter, resulting in these assets being consolidated and the reclassification of our $354 million previously held equity accounted interest.

 

Certain of our investee entities, including GGP and Canary Wharf, carry their assets at fair value, in which case we record our proportionate share of any fair value adjustments. Changes in the carrying values of equity accounted investments typically relate to the purchase or sale of shares and our share of their comprehensive income, including fair value changes, and are reduced by our share of any dividends or other distributions.

 

Financial Assets

 

Financial assets decreased by $1.1 billion since year end as we commenced equity accounting and consolidated $1.6 billion of previously held securities that related to an Australian logistics operation and a North American gas storage business.

 

Intangible Assets

 

Intangible assets increased by $1.1 billion compared to December 31, 2015, which is primarily due to two toll road businesses acquired in Peru and India, respectively.

 

Goodwill

 

Goodwill increased by $1.4 billion compared to December 31, 2015 due to $808 million of goodwill allocated on the acquisition of a portfolio of hydroelectric facilities in Colombia, $240 million on the acquisition of Australian ports and logistics business and $139 million on the acquisition of a toll road business in Peru.

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT 14

 











 

Borrowings and Other Non-Current Financial Liabilities

 

Assets and liabilities are disaggregated into current and long-term components in Note 6 of our consolidated financial statements.

 

 

 

	
(MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,
   2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,
   2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    
	
Corporate borrowings
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
4,674
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
3,936
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
738
    
	
Non-recourse borrowings
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Property-specific borrowings
    	
 
    	
50,910
    	
 
    	
46,044
    	
 
    	
4,866
    
	
Subsidiary borrowings
    	
 
    	
9,663
    	
 
    	
8,303
    	
 
    	
1,360
    
	
Non-current accounts payable and other liabilities1
    	
 
    	
4,602
    	
 
    	
3,806
    	
 
    	
796
    
	
Subsidiary equity obligations
    	
 
    	
3,543
    	
 
    	
3,331
    	
 
    	
212
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
73,392
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
65,420
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
7,972
    


 

1. Excludes accounts payable and other liabilities that are due within one year. See Note 6 (b) to our Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Property-specific borrowings increased by $4.9 billion during the first nine months of 2016 due to $5.1 billion of debt assumed on acquisitions as well as debt arranged in individual businesses that we consolidate, partially offset by the elimination of debt associated with assets sold. Borrowings are generally denominated in the same currencies as the assets they finance and therefore the overall decrease in the value of the U.S. dollar during the period resulted in our non-U.S. dollar denominated borrowings increasing in value.

 

Subsidiary borrowings increased by $1.4 billion due to draws on subsidiary credit facilities to fund acquisitions and development projects.

 

Equity

 

Equity consists of the following components:

 

	
(MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,
   2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,
   2015
    	
 
    	
Change
    
	
Preferred   equity
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
3,732
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
3,739
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
(7)
    
	
Non-controlling   interests
    	
 
    	
40,955
    	
 
    	
31,920
    	
 
    	
9,035
    
	
Common   equity
    	
 
    	
22,432
    	
 
    	
21,568
    	
 
    	
864
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
67,119
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
57,227
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
9,892
    


 

Common equity increased by $864 million to $22.4 billion during the year. Net income and other comprehensive income attributable to shareholders for the first nine months of the year totalled $2.0 billion. We distributed $475 million to shareholders as common and preferred share dividends, in addition to a 21% interest in BBU through a special non-cash distribution to shareholders in the second quarter of 2016. The special dividend of $441 million was accounted for as a distribution of equity to non-controlling interests and represented at 21% of the carrying IFRS value of the net assets spun-off with corresponding recognition of non-controlling interests.

 

Non-controlling interests increased by $9.0 billion. Net issuances of equity to non-controlling interest were $5.7 billion and included $2.6 billion of equity associated with the acquisition of a portfolio of Colombian hydroelectric facilities in the first quarter and $1.4 billion of non-controlling interest related to acquisitions in our property and infrastructure operations, which was partially offset by distributions totalling $1.5 billion. Non-controlling interest in the second quarter also increased by $441 million due to the aforementioned BBU special distribution to shareholders.

 

We provide a more detailed discussion of our capitalization in Part 4 of the MD&A.

 

15 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT

 









 

SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS

 

Our condensed statement of operations for the eight most recent quarters are as follows:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2014
    
	
FOR   THE PERIODS ENDED
   (MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
    	
 
    	
Q3
    	
 
    	
Q2
    	
 
    	
Q1
    	
 
    	
Q4
    	
 
    	
Q3
    	
 
    	
Q2
    	
 
    	
Q1
    	
 
    	
Q4
    
	
Revenues
    	
 
    	
$
    	
6,285
    	
 
    	
$
    	
5,973
    	
 
    	
$
    	
5,218
    	
 
    	
$
    	
5,538
    	
 
    	
$
    	
5,056
    	
 
    	
$
    	
4,923
    	
 
    	
$
    	
4,396
    	
 
    	
$
    	
4,694
    
	
Net income
    	
 
    	
2,021
    	
 
    	
584
    	
 
    	
636
    	
 
    	
1,187
    	
 
    	
845
    	
 
    	
1,199
    	
 
    	
1,438
    	
 
    	
1,699
    
	
Net income to shareholders
    	
 
    	
1,036
    	
 
    	
185
    	
 
    	
257
    	
 
    	
678
    	
 
    	
289
    	
 
    	
645
    	
 
    	
729
    	
 
    	
1,050
    
	
Per share
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
- diluted
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1.03
    	
 
    	
$
    	
0.15
    	
 
    	
$
    	
0.23
    	
 
    	
$
    	
0.66
    	
 
    	
$
    	
0.26
    	
 
    	
$
    	
0.62
    	
 
    	
$
    	
0.73
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1.06
    
	
- basic
    	
 
    	
1.05
    	
 
    	
0.16
    	
 
    	
0.23
    	
 
    	
0.67
    	
 
    	
0.27
    	
 
    	
0.64
    	
 
    	
0.75
    	
 
    	
1.09
    


 

 

In the past two years the quarterly variances in revenues are due primarily to acquisitions and dispositions. Variances in net income to shareholders relate primarily to the timing and amount of fair value changes and deferred tax provisions recognized, as well as seasonality and cyclical influences in certain businesses. Changes in ownership have resulted in the consolidation and deconsolidation of revenues from some of our assets, particularly in our property business. Other factors include the impact of foreign currency on non-U.S. revenues.

 

Our property operations typically generate consistent results on a quarterly basis due to the long-term nature of contractual lease arrangements subject to the intermittent recognition of disposition and lease termination gains, resulting in relatively consistent amounts of revenue on a quarterly basis. Our retail properties typically experience seasonally higher retail sales during the fourth quarter, and our resort hotels tend to experience higher revenues and costs as a result of increased visits during the first quarter. We fair value our property assets on a quarterly basis which results in variations in net income based on changes in the value of our property portfolio.

 

Renewable power hydroelectric operations are seasonal in nature. Generation tends to be higher during the winter rainy season in Brazil and spring thaws in North America; however this is mitigated to an extent by prices, which tend not to be as strong as they are in the summer and winter seasons due to the more moderate weather conditions and reductions in demand for electricity. Water and wind conditions may also vary from year to year. Our infrastructure operations are generally stable in nature as a result of long-term sales contracts with our clients, certain of which guarantee minimum volumes. Over the last two years we have been deploying more capital within these portfolios into businesses that benefit from increasing volumes and prices, to complement our investments in rate-regulated assets, which may lead to more volatility but also, we believe, to growth in revenues and net income.

 

Our residential development operations are seasonal in nature and a large portion is correlated with the ongoing U.S. housing recovery and, to a lesser extent, economic conditions in Brazil. Results in these businesses are typically higher in the third and fourth quarters compared to the first half of the year, as weather conditions are more favourable in the latter half of the year which tends to increase construction activity levels.

 

The following table shows fair value changes and income taxes for the last eight quarters, as well as their combined impact on net income:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2014
    
	
FOR   THE PERIODS ENDED
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
Q3
    	
 
    	
Q2
    	
 
    	
Q1
    	
 
    	
Q4
    	
 
    	
Q3
    	
 
    	
Q2
    	
 
    	
Q1
    	
 
    	
Q4
    
	
Fair   value changes
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(59)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
65
    	
 
    	
$
    	
352
    	
 
    	
$
    	
594
    	
 
    	
$
    	
389
    	
 
    	
$
    	
70
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,113
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,326
    
	
Income   taxes
    	
 
    	
992
    	
 
    	
(234)
    	
 
    	
(202)
    	
 
    	
(218)
    	
 
    	
(145)
    	
 
    	
368
    	
 
    	
(201)
    	
 
    	
(445)
    
	
Net   impact
    	
 
    	
$
    	
933
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(169)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
150
    	
 
    	
$
    	
376
    	
 
    	
$
    	
244
    	
 
    	
$
    	
438
    	
 
    	
$
    	
912
    	
 
    	
$
    	
881
    


 

 

Over the last eight completed quarters, the following factors caused variations in revenues and net income to shareholders on a quarterly basis:

 

In the third quarter of 2016, we recognized a $900 million tax recovery related to the restructuring of our U.S. property operations, of which $600 million was attributable to shareholders.

 

In the first and second quarters of 2016, revenues increased from the acquisition of our Colombian hydroelectric facilities, opportunistic property assets and private equity investments. The second quarter of 2016 also includes $208 million of revenue on the sale of three multifamily developments and additional revenue following an increase in the scale of our construction operations.

 

In the fourth quarter of 2015, we recorded $594 million of fair value gains related to increased appraisals at our office properties. Our revenues also reflected completion of significant projects in our construction services business and home closings in our residential development business.

 

In the third quarter of 2015, we acquired a UK resort operator and U.S. multifamily portfolio in our institutional private fund which increased revenues by $146 million and $214 million, respectively, in the third and fourth quarters of 2015.

 

In the second quarter of 2015, we recognized a $464 million deferred income tax recovery as our office property operations reorganized its interest in certain subsidiaries that resulted in a change in the tax rate applicable to those entities of which $314 million was attributable to shareholders.

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT 16

 











 

In the first quarter of 2015, we recorded a higher level of fair value changes from our consolidated investment properties, particularly office properties in Manhattan and Sydney, where strong market conditions and leasing activities increased expected future cash flows, leading to increased appraisal values. In addition, we recognized $270 million of gains on the acquisition of control of two businesses, of which $132 million was attributable to shareholders.

 

Net income in the fourth quarter of 2014 included $1.3 billion in fair value gains, primarily from increased appraised values of our investment properties, of which $762 million was attributable to shareholders.

 

CORPORATE DIVIDENDS

 

The dividends paid by Brookfield on outstanding securities during the first nine months of 2016 and the same period in 2015 and 2014 are summarized in the following table.

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Distribution per Security
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
20151
    	
 
    	
20141
    
	
Class A and B2 Shares3
    	
 
    	
$
    	
0.39
    	
 
    	
$
    	
0.35
    	
 
    	
$
    	
0.31
    
	
Special distribution to Class A and B Shares4
    	
 
    	
0.45
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    
	
Class A Preferred Shares
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Series 2
    	
 
    	
0.27
    	
 
    	
0.33
    	
 
    	
0.36
    
	
Series 4 + Series 7
    	
 
    	
0.27
    	
 
    	
0.33
    	
 
    	
0.36
    
	
Series 8
    	
 
    	
0.38
    	
 
    	
0.47
    	
 
    	
0.51
    
	
Series 9
    	
 
    	
0.54
    	
 
    	
0.62
    	
 
    	
0.65
    
	
Series 125
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
0.33
    
	
Series 13
    	
 
    	
0.27
    	
 
    	
0.33
    	
 
    	
0.34
    
	
Series 146
    	
 
    	
0.11
    	
 
    	
1.18
    	
 
    	
1.30
    
	
Series 15
    	
 
    	
0.18
    	
 
    	
0.23
    	
 
    	
0.29
    
	
Series 17
    	
 
    	
0.68
    	
 
    	
0.78
    	
 
    	
0.81
    
	
Series 18
    	
 
    	
0.68
    	
 
    	
0.78
    	
 
    	
0.81
    
	
Series 227
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
1.20
    
	
Series 24
    	
 
    	
0.65
    	
 
    	
0.88
    	
 
    	
0.93
    
	
Series 258
    	
 
    	
0.14
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    
	
Series 26
    	
 
    	
0.64
    	
 
    	
0.74
    	
 
    	
0.77
    
	
Series 28
    	
 
    	
0.65
    	
 
    	
0.75
    	
 
    	
0.79
    
	
Series 30
    	
 
    	
0.68
    	
 
    	
0.79
    	
 
    	
0.82
    
	
Series 32
    	
 
    	
0.64
    	
 
    	
0.74
    	
 
    	
0.77
    
	
Series 34
    	
 
    	
0.60
    	
 
    	
0.69
    	
 
    	
0.72
    
	
Series 36
    	
 
    	
0.69
    	
 
    	
0.79
    	
 
    	
0.83
    
	
Series 37
    	
 
    	
0.69
    	
 
    	
0.80
    	
 
    	
0.84
    
	
Series 389
    	
 
    	
0.62
    	
 
    	
0.72
    	
 
    	
0.55
    
	
Series 4010
    	
 
    	
0.64
    	
 
    	
0.74
    	
 
    	
0.33
    
	
Series 4211
    	
 
    	
0.64
    	
 
    	
0.74
    	
 
    	
—
    
	
Series 4412
    	
 
    	
0.71
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    
										


 

1. 2015 and 2014 dividends to the Class A and B shares have been adjusted to reflect a three-for-two stock split on May 12, 2015

2. Class B Limited Voting Shares (“Class B Shares”)

3. Actual dividend per Class A and B Share paid in Q1 2014 was $0.13 for the period from November to February, equivalent to $0.10 on a three-month basis

4. Distribution of a 20.7% interest in Brookfield Business Partners on June 20, 2016, based on IFRS values

5. Redeemed April 7, 2014

6. Redeemed March 1, 2016

7. Redeemed September 30, 2014

8. Issued July 1, 2016

9. Issued March 13, 2014

10. Issued June 5, 2014

11. Issued October 8, 2014

12. Issued October 2, 2015

 

Dividends on the Class A and B Shares are declared in U.S. dollars whereas Class A Preferred Share dividends are declared in Canadian dollars.

 

17 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT

 











 

PART 3 – OPERATING SEGMENT RESULTS

 

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

 

How We Measure and Report Our Operating Segments

 

Our operations are organized into five operating groups in addition to our corporate and asset management activities, which collectively represent seven operating segments for internal and external reporting purposes. We measure performance primarily using funds from operations, generated by each operating segment and the amount of capital invested by the Corporation in each segment using common equity by segment.

 

Our operating segments are as follows:

 

 

	
i.
    	
Asset   management operations include managing our listed   partnerships, private funds and public securities on behalf of our clients   and ourselves. We generate contractual base management fees for these   activities as well as performance income, including incentive distributions,   performance fees and carried interests. We also earn fees for sourcing   transactions for certain clients.
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
ii.
    	
Property operations   include the ownership, operation and development of office, retail,   industrial, multifamily, hospitality and other properties.
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
iii.
    	
Renewable   power operations include the ownership, operation and development of   hydroelectric, wind power and other generating facilities.
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
iv.
    	
Infrastructure operations   include the ownership, operation and development of utilities, transport,   energy, communications and agricultural assets.
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
v.
    	
Private   equity operations include a broad range of industries, and are mostly   focused on energy, industrial, construction and other business services.
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
vi.
    	
Residential   development operations consist predominantly of homebuilding,   condominium development and land development.
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
vii.
    	
Corporate   activities include the investment of cash and financial   assets, as well as the management of our corporate capitalization, including   corporate borrowings and preferred equity, which fund a portion of the   capital invested in our other operations. Certain corporate costs such as   technology and operations are incurred on behalf of all of our operating   segments and allocated to each operating segment based on an internal pricing   framework.
    


 

In the second quarter of 2016, we formed Brookfield Business Partners L.P. (“BBU”) and distributed to shareholders a 21% interest in BBU. BBU is the primary vehicle through which we own and operate businesses within our private equity business group. In connection with the formation of BBU, we realigned the organizational and governance structure of the businesses held by BBU and changed how the company presents information for financial reporting and management decision making which resulted in a change in the company’s operating segments. Specifically, our private equity reportable segment now includes BBU, Norbord Inc. (“Norbord”) and certain other directly held investments; whereas at December 31, 2015, certain of the businesses within BBU were reported within a separate service activities segment, which is no longer considered a reportable segment.

 

Segment Financial Measures

 

Funds from Operations (“FFO”) is a key measure of our financial performance and we use FFO to assess operating results and the performance of our businesses on a segmented basis. We define FFO as net income prior to fair value changes, depreciation and amortization and deferred income taxes. When determining FFO, we include our proportionate share of the FFO of equity accounted investments on a fully diluted basis.

 

We use FFO to assess our performance both as an asset manager and an investor and operator of our assets. FFO includes the fees that we earn from managing capital as well as our share of revenues earned and costs incurred within our operations, which include interest expense and other costs. Specifically, FFO includes the impact of contracts that we enter into to generate revenue, including asset management agreements, leases, power sales agreements, take or pay contracts, and sales of inventory, and also the impact of changes in leverage or the cost of that financial leverage as well as other costs incurred to operate our business.

 

FFO includes gains or losses arising from transactions during the reporting period adjusted to include associated fair value changes and revaluation surplus recorded in prior periods, taxes payable or receivable, as well as amounts that are recorded directly in equity, such as ownership changes (“realized disposition gains”). We include realized disposition gains in FFO because we consider the purchase and sale of assets to be a normal part of the company’s business and the ultimate gain or loss on disposition of an asset is an important indicator of our performance as an allocator of capital. As noted above, unrealized fair value changes are excluded from FFO; however, gains or losses recorded over the life of an asset are included in the determination of realized disposition gains or losses.

 

We exclude depreciation and amortization from FFO, as we believe that the value of most of our assets typically increase over time, provided we make the necessary maintenance expenditures, the timing and magnitude of which may differ from the amount of depreciation recorded in any given period. We also exclude deferred income taxes from FFO because the vast majority of the company’s deferred income tax assets and liabilities are a result of the revaluation of our assets under IFRS.

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT 18

 











 

Our definition of funds from operations may differ from the definition used by other organizations, as well as the definition of funds from operations used by the Real Property Association of Canada (“REALPAC”) and the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, Inc. (“NAREIT”), in part because the NAREIT definition is based on U.S. GAAP, as opposed to IFRS. The key differences between our definition of funds from operations and the determination of funds from operations by REALPAC and/or NAREIT are that we include the following: realized disposition gains or losses and cash taxes payable or receivable on those gains or losses, if any; foreign exchange gains or losses on monetary items not forming part of our net investment in foreign operations; and foreign exchange gains or losses on the sale of an investment in a foreign operation.

 

We illustrate how we derive funds from operations for each operating segment and reconcile total reportable segment FFO to net income in Note 3 of the consolidated financial statements and on page 25. We do not use FFO as a measure of cash generated from our operations.

 

We measure segment assets based on Common Equity by Segment, which we consider to be the amount of common equity allocated to each segment. We utilize Common Equity by Segment to review our deconsolidated balance sheet and to assist in capital allocation decisions.

 

In assessing results, we identify the portion of FFO that represents realized disposition gains or losses, as well as the FFO and Common Equity by Segment that relates to our primary listed partnerships: Brookfield Property Partners, Brookfield Renewable Partners, Brookfield Infrastructure Partners and Brookfield Business Partners. We believe that identifying the segment FFO and Common Equity by Segment attributable to our listed partnerships enables investors to understand how the results of these public entities are integrated into our financial results and that identifying realized disposition gains is helpful in understanding variances between reporting periods.

 

The following sections also utilize segment operating measures that we employ to describe and assess performance on a segmented basis. The calculation of these measures may differ from others and as a result, may not be comparable to similar measures presented by others. These operating measures and their respective definitions are provided on pages 37 and 38 of our December 31, 2015 annual report.

 

SUMMARY OF RESULTS BY OPERATING SEGMENT

 

The following table presents FFO and common equity by segment on a period-over-period basis for comparison purposes:

 

 

	
 
    	
Funds from Operations
    	
 
    	
Common Equity by Segment
    
	
AS AT SEP. 30, 2016 AND 
   DEC. 31, 2015 AND FOR THE
   THREE MONTHS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
 
    	
Change
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
 
    	
Change
    
	
Asset management
    	
$
    	
178
    	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
 141
    	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
37
    	
 
    	
 
    	
26
    	
 %
    	
 
    	
$
    	
 337
    	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
328
    	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
9
    	
 
    	
 
    	
3
    	
 %
    
	
Property
    	
545
    	
 
    	
 
    	
214
    	
 
    	
 
    	
331
    	
 
    	
 
    	
155
    	
 %
    	
 
    	
17,121
    	
 
    	
 
    	
16,265
    	
 
    	
 
    	
856
    	
 
    	
 
    	
5
    	
 %
    
	
Renewable power
    	
49
    	
 
    	
 
    	
48
    	
 
    	
 
    	
1
    	
 
    	
 
    	
2
    	
 %
    	
 
    	
4,862
    	
 
    	
 
    	
4,424
    	
 
    	
 
    	
438
    	
 
    	
 
    	
10
    	
 %
    
	
Infrastructure
    	
89
    	
 
    	
 
    	
71
    	
 
    	
 
    	
18
    	
 
    	
 
    	
25
    	
 %
    	
 
    	
2,343
    	
 
    	
 
    	
2,203
    	
 
    	
 
    	
140
    	
 
    	
 
    	
6
    	
 %
    
	
Private equity
    	
97
    	
 
    	
 
    	
84
    	
 
    	
 
    	
13
    	
 
    	
 
    	
15
    	
 %
    	
 
    	
2,505
    	
 
    	
 
    	
2,178
    	
 
    	
 
    	
327
    	
 
    	
 
    	
15
    	
 %
    
	
Residential development
    	
10
    	
 
    	
 
    	
41
    	
 
    	
 
    	
(31
    	
)
    	
 
    	
(76
    	
)%
    	
 
    	
2,699
    	
 
    	
 
    	
2,221
    	
 
    	
 
    	
478
    	
 
    	
 
    	
22
    	
 %
    
	
Corporate activities
    	
(85
    	
)
    	
 
    	
(98
    	
)
    	
 
    	
13
    	
 
    	
 
    	
13
    	
 %
    	
 
    	
(7,435
    	
)
    	
 
    	
(6,051
    	
)
    	
 
    	
(1,384
    	
)
    	
 
    	
(23
    	
)%
    
	
 
    	
$
    	
883
    	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
 501
    	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
382
    	
 
    	
 
    	
76
    	
 %
    	
 
    	
$
    	
22,432
    	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
21,568
    	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
864
    	
 
    	
 
    	
4
    	
 %
    


 

Funds from Operations

 

Funds from operations increased 76% to $883 million in the third quarter of 2016. FFO includes realized disposition gains of $392 million in the quarter compared to $88 million in the prior period. FFO excluding realized disposition gains, increased by $78 million, or 19%, due to strong growth in our asset management revenues, the contribution from new investments and completed developments as well as favourable operating results across most of our businesses, partially offset by the absence of FFO from assets sold and lower FFO in our residential development business due to lower margins on delivered projects.

 

Common Equity by Segment

 

Common equity increased by $864 million during the first nine months of 2016 to $22.4 billion; common equity at June 30, 2016 was $21.6 billion, resulting in a $799 million increase in the quarter. Common equity in our property operations increased by $856 million since year end or $917 million in the current quarter to $17.1 billion. The increase reflects the contribution from earnings in the current quarter, which included a $600 million deferred tax recovery (at share) attributable to a restructuring of certain U.S. property assets into a REIT. We acquired 11 million units of BEP in the second quarter for $313 million, increasing our renewable power segment equity. We invested a total of $734 million in our private equity operations in the year, funding our share of acquisitions. This was partially offset by the distribution of a 21% interest in BBU in the prior quarter, which decreased private equity segment equity by $441 million. We continue to invest in our Brazilian residential operations, paying down high cost leverage, and increasing segment equity by $232 million. These amounts were funded through liquidity available within our corporate activities segment.

 

19 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT

 











 

Impact of Foreign Currencies on Segment Results

 

Approximately half of our capital is invested in non-U.S. countries and the cash flow generated from these businesses, as well as our equity, is subject to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. From time to time, we utilize financial contracts to adjust these exposures. During the current quarter, local currencies in the jurisdictions where we hold the majority of our non-U.S. dollar investments strengthened relative to the U.S. dollar when compared to prevailing rates during the third quarter of 2015, with the notable exception being the British pound which weakened against the U.S. dollar. Similarly, when compared to year end, local currencies in which our equity is denominated appreciated against the U.S. dollar, again with the exception of the British pound. Other factors being held constant, currency movements net of hedging decreased FFO by $8 million compared to the 2015 quarter and increased common equity by $657 million since year end.

 

Reconciliation of FFO to Net Income

 

The following table reconciles total reportable segment FFO to net income:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Three Months Ended
    	
 
    	
Nine   Months Ended
    
	
FOR   THE PERIODS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Total reportable segment FFO
    	
 
    	
$
    	
883
    	
 
    	
$
    	
501
    	
 
    	
$
    	
2,223
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,578
    
	
Realized disposition gains recorded as fair value changes or prior   periods
    	
 
    	
(235)
    	
 
    	
(68)
    	
 
    	
(570)
    	
 
    	
(421)
    
	
Non-controlling interest in FFO
    	
 
    	
925
    	
 
    	
643
    	
 
    	
2,330
    	
 
    	
1,726
    
	
Financial statement components not included in FFO
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Equity accounted fair value changes and other non-FFO items
    	
 
    	
18
    	
 
    	
(77)
    	
 
    	
(260)
    	
 
    	
161
    
	
Fair value changes
    	
 
    	
(59)
    	
 
    	
389
    	
 
    	
358
    	
 
    	
1,572
    
	
Depreciation and amortization
    	
 
    	
(541)
    	
 
    	
(436)
    	
 
    	
(1,538)
    	
 
    	
(1,265)
    
	
Deferred income taxes
    	
 
    	
1,030
    	
 
    	
(107)
    	
 
    	
698
    	
 
    	
131
    
	
Net income
    	
 
    	
$
    	
2,021
    	
 
    	
$
    	
845
    	
 
    	
$
    	
3,241
    	
 
    	
$
    	
3,482
    


 

ASSET MANAGEMENT

 

Overview

 

Our asset management operations consist of managing listed partnerships and private funds as well as listed securities within our public securities portfolios. As at September 30, 2016, we managed $111 billion of fee bearing capital, of which $88 billion was from clients and $23 billion was from the Corporation.

 

Listed Partnerships: We manage publicly listed, perpetual capital entities with $51 billion of fee bearing capital, including Brookfield Property Partners, Brookfield Renewable Partners, Brookfield Infrastructure Partners and Brookfield Business Partners. We are compensated for managing these entities through base management fees, which are primarily determined by the market capitalization of these entities. We are also entitled to receive incentive distributions, which for BPY, BEP and BIP equal to a portion of the increases in partnership distributions above pre-determined hurdles. BBU’s performance fees are based on increases in the unit price of BBU above a high water mark.

 

Private Funds: We manage $48 billion of fee bearing capital through 37 private funds. Private fund capital is typically committed for 10 years from the inception of a fund with two one-year extension options. Our private fund investor base consists of approximately 435 clients with an average commitment of $105 million. We earn base fees which are generally determined on both called and uncalled commitments, and are entitled to receive carried interests, which represent a portion of investment returns provided that clients receive a minimum pre-determined return.

 

Public Securities: We manage $12 billion of fee bearing capital through numerous funds and separately managed accounts, focused on fixed income and equity securities. We act as both advisor and sub-advisor and earn base and performance fees.

 

Asset management revenues include fees earned by us in respect of capital managed for clients as well as the capital provided by Brookfield with respect to fees earned from listed partnerships only. This is representative of how we manage the business and more appropriately measures the returns from our asset management activities and the returns from the capital invested in our funds. Fee bearing capital provided by Brookfield consists largely of the Corporation’s economic ownership interests in BPY, BEP, BIP and BBU, which amounts to $23 billion invested. The following table disaggregates our asset management FFO into fee related earnings, realized carried interests and realized disposition gains to facilitate analysis:

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT 20

 











 

	
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED   SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Funds from operations
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Fee related earnings
    	
 
    	
$
    	
173
    	
 
    	
$
    	
126
    
	
Realized carried interest
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
15
    
	
Realized disposition gains
    	
 
    	
5
    	
 
    	
—
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
178
    	
 
    	
$
    	
141
    


 

We do not recognize carried interests until the end of the relevant determination period under IFRS, which typically occurs at or near the end of a fund term, however, we do provide supplemental information on the estimated amount of unrealized carried interests that have accumulated based on fund performance up to the date of the financial statements. Unrealized carried interests are determined as if the fund was wound up at the reporting date, based on the estimated value of the underlying investments.

 

We disposed of a low margin securitized credit business during the quarter which reduced fee bearing capital by $4.4 billion and generated a $5 million realized disposition gain.

 

Segment equity in our asset management operations was $337 million at September 30, 2016 (2015 – $328 million) and consists of goodwill arising from business combinations and working capital. We do not fair value our asset management operations under IFRS and as a result, the fair value of these operations is not included within our common equity.

 

Fee Related Earnings

 

We generated the following fee related earnings during the period:

 

 

	
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED   SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Fee revenues
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Base management fees
    	
 
    	
$
    	
253
    	
 
    	
$
    	
192
    
	
Incentive distributions
    	
 
    	
27
    	
 
    	
18
    
	
Performance fees
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
1
    
	
Transaction and advisory fees1
    	
 
    	
3
    	
 
    	
18
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
283
    	
 
    	
229
    
	
Direct costs and other1
    	
 
    	
(110)
    	
 
    	
(103)
    
	
Fee related earnings
    	
 
    	
$
    	
173
    	
 
    	
$
    	
126
    


 

1. Prior year includes $9 million of advisory fees and $9 million of associated costs which are now earned by BBU in its FFO following its spin-off

 

Fee related earnings increased by 37% to $173 million for the period, primarily as a result of the higher level of fee bearing capital. Operating costs increased by 7%, as we previously invested in our operations to enable us to expand our fee bearing capital.

 

Base management fees increased 32% to $253 million compared to $192 million in the third quarter of 2015. Our private funds contributed $119 million of base fees representing a 51% increase from the prior year. The increase in private fund base fees was due to higher levels of fee bearing capital as a result of capital raised in the last twelve months. Base management fees from our listed partnerships totalled $111 million, and include $107 million of base management fees from BPY, BIP, BEP and BBU, an increase of $27 million from the prior year quarter as a result of higher capitalization levels, and a full quarter of base management fees from BBU, after completing the spin-off on June 20, 2016, which contributed $5 million of fees.

 

We received $27 million of incentive distributions from BIP, BEP and BPY, representing a 50% increase from the third quarter of 2015. The growth represents our share as manager of increases in unit distributions by BIP, BEP and BPY of 11%, 7% and 6%, respectively. Both BIP and BEP’s distributions have surpassed both of their incentive distribution hurdles and, accordingly, we receive 25% of future distribution increases by those entities. BPY pays incentive distributions of 15% as its current annualized distribution of $1.12 per unit surpasses the first distribution hurdle of $1.10 per unit on an annualized basis.

 

Direct costs and other consist primarily of employee expenses and professional fees, as well as business related technology costs and other shared services. Operating margins, which are calculated as fee related earnings divided by fee revenues, were 61% for the period, compared to 55% in 2015, as the rate of increase in fee revenues has been higher than that of costs. Direct costs increased by $7 million year over year due to expansion in our operations and include $4 million of non-controlling interests in fee related earnings recorded by partially owned entities (2015 – $3 million).

 

21 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT

 











 

Carried Interests

 

Favourable investment performance in our private funds generated $58 million of unrealized carried interest accruing to us during the third quarter of 2016, compared with $32 million in the prior year quarter. We did not realize any carried interest in the current period as the accumulated unrealized carry is still subject to future investment performance, whereas the prior period includes $22 million of realized carried interest or $15 million after deducting directly attributable costs.

 

Accumulated unrealized carried interests totalled $983 million at September 30, 2016. The overall appreciation of foreign currencies resulted in higher U.S. dollar values for our foreign denominated fund investments and increased carried interest by $5 million in quarter. We estimate that direct expenses of approximately $330 million will arise on the realization of the amounts accumulated to date, of which $20 million relates to the carry generated in the period.

 

The amount of unrealized carried interests and associated costs are shown in the following table:

 

 

	
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED   SEP. 30, 2016
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
Unrealized
   Carried
   Interest
    	
 
    	
Direct
   Costs
    	
 
    	
Net
    
	
Unrealized balance, beginning of period
    	
 
    	
$
    	
925
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(310)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
615
    
	
In-period change
    	
 
    	
58
    	
 
    	
(20)
    	
 
    	
38
    
	
Unrealized balance, end of period
    	
 
    	
$
    	
983
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(330)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
653
    


 

The funds to which unrealized carried interest relates have a weighted average term to realization of six years. Recognition of carried interest is dependent on future investment performance.

 

Fee Bearing Capital

 

The following table summarizes our fee bearing capital:

 

 

	
AS AT SEP. 30, 2016 AND   DEC. 31, 2015
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
Listed
   Partnerships1
    	
 
    	
Private
   Funds1,2
    	
 
    	
Public
   Securities
    	
 
    	
Total 2016 
    	
 
    	
Total 20152 
    
	
Property
    	
 
    	
$
    	
23,171
    	
 
    	
$
    	
21,035
    	
 
    	
$
    	
—
    	
 
    	
$
    	
44,206
    	
 
    	
$
    	
40,366
    
	
Renewable power
    	
 
    	
12,148
    	
 
    	
6,269
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
18,417
    	
 
    	
11,743
    
	
Infrastructure
    	
 
    	
14,064
    	
 
    	
15,617
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
29,681
    	
 
    	
19,428
    
	
Private equity
    	
 
    	
1,724
    	
 
    	
4,708
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
6,432
    	
 
    	
5,928
    
	
Other
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
12,011
    	
 
    	
12,011
    	
 
    	
16,797
    
	
September 30, 2016
    	
 
    	
$
    	
51,107
    	
 
    	
$
    	
47,629
    	
 
    	
$
    	
12,011
    	
 
    	
$
    	
110,747
    	
 
    	
n/a
    
	
December 31, 2015
    	
 
    	
$
    	
43,017
    	
 
    	
$
    	
34,448
    	
 
    	
$
    	
16,797
    	
 
    	
n/a
    	
 
    	
$
    	
94,262
    


 

1. Includes Brookfield capital of $23 billion (2015 – $19 billion) in listed partnerships and $0.3 billion (2015 – $1.9 billion) in private funds

2. Prior period private fund fee bearing capital restated to eliminate $4.7 billion (2015 – $4.7 billion) of capital invested by BPY in our private funds which was subject to a fee credit arrangement

 

Listed partnership capital includes 100% of the market capitalization of our listed issuers: BPY, BEP, BIP, BBU, Brookfield Canada Office Properties and Acadian Timber Corp., and also includes corporate debt and preferred shares issued by these entities to the extent these are included in determining base management fees.

 

Private fund capital includes $19 billion of third-party uninvested capital, which is available to deploy within each fund’s specific mandate. The uninvested capital includes $7 billion for property funds, $10 billion for infrastructure funds and $2 billion for private equity funds, and has an average term of approximately four years during which the capital can be invested. Fee bearing capital has a remaining average term of eight years (plus two one-year extension options on average) and includes approximately $5.1 billion of co-investment capital.

 

Public securities capital includes portfolios of fixed income and equity securities, with a particular focus on real estate and infrastructure, as well as high yield securities. Fee bearing capital within our public securities is typically redeemable at a client’s option subject to minimum notice periods.

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT  22

 









 

Fee bearing capital increased by $2.4 billion during the third quarter of 2016. The principal changes are set out in the following table:

 

 

	
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEP. 30, 2016
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
Listed
   Partnerships
    	
 
    	
Private
   Funds
    	
 
    	
Public
   Securities
    	
 
    	
Total 
    
	
Balance, June 30, 2016
    	
 
    	
$
    	
48,767
    	
 
    	
$
    	
47,296
    	
 
    	
$
    	
12,249
    	
 
    	
$
    	
108,312
    
	
Inflows
    	
 
    	
200
    	
 
    	
1,226
    	
 
    	
369
    	
 
    	
1,795
    
	
Outflows
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
(841)
    	
 
    	
(1,380)
    	
 
    	
(2,221)
    
	
Distributions
    	
 
    	
(522)
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
(522)
    
	
Market activity
    	
 
    	
3,301
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
773
    	
 
    	
4,074
    
	
Other
    	
 
    	
(639)
    	
 
    	
(52)
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
(691)
    
	
Change
    	
 
    	
2,340
    	
 
    	
333
    	
 
    	
(238)
    	
 
    	
2,435
    
	
Balance, September 30, 2016
    	
 
    	
$
    	
51,107
    	
 
    	
$
    	
47,629
    	
 
    	
$
    	
12,011
    	
 
    	
$
    	
110,747
    


 

Fee bearing capital increased by $2.4 billion during the quarter, primarily as a result of higher capitalizations across our listed partnerships following increased market values on a per unit basis.

 

Private fund inflows of $1.2 billion include the first close of a real estate finance fund and co-investment capital, which was offset by the expiry of $0.6 billion uninvested commitments within our sustainable resource funds and other outflows.

 

Listed partnership inflows represent $200 million of preferred shares issued by BIP. Market prices in our listed partnerships improved, resulting in a $3.3 billion aggregate increase in the capitalization values of BPY, BIP, BEP and BBU. Increases were partially offset by $522 million of distributions to unit holders in quarter and other outflows. Fee bearing capital for our listed partnerships reflect the fee base of these entities which is determined by their capitalization.

 

Public securities inflows of $0.4 billion and market appreciation of $0.8 billion in quarter were offset by $1.4 billion of redemptions across several fund strategies.

 

PROPERTY

 

Overview

 

We own virtually all of our commercial property assets through our 62% economic ownership interest in Brookfield Property Partners. BPY is listed on the New York and Toronto Stock Exchanges and had an equity capitalization of $18.6 billion at September 30, 2016, based on public pricing. We also own $1.3 billion of preferred shares of BPY which yield 6.1% based on their redemption value.

 

BPY’s operations are principally organized as follows:

 

We own interests in and operate commercial office portfolios, consisting of 149 properties containing 101 million square feet of office space. The properties are located primarily in the world’s leading commercial markets, such as New York, London, Los Angeles, Washington D.C., Sydney, Toronto, and Berlin among others. We also develop office properties on a selective basis; our development assets consist of interests in 34 sites including approximately 9.9 million square feet of active developments. Of the total properties in our core office portfolio, 81 properties, consisting of 68 million square feet, are consolidated and the remaining interests are equity accounted under IFRS.

 

Our core retail portfolio consists of interests in 126 regional malls and urban retail properties containing 124 million square feet in the United States, which are held through our 34% fully diluted interest in GGP, which is equity accounted. Our retail mall portfolio has a redevelopment pipeline that exceeds $300 million (on a proportionate basis).

 

Opportunistic: We own and operate a global portfolio targeting opportunistic returns and includes office and retail, industrial, multifamily, hospitality, self-storage, student housing and other properties. This is a diverse portfolio from which we earn rent and fees for the use of the space.

 

 

·      Office: 24 million square feet across 110 properties in this U.S., UK, Brazil and India.

 

 

·      Retail: 44 properties with approximately 27 million square feet in the U.S. and select markets in Brazil.

 

 

·                  Industrial: 185 operating warehouse properties in North America and Europe, containing over 46 million square feet of space, and a land portfolio with the potential to build 42 million square feet.

 

 

·      Multifamily: approximately 32,000 multifamily units in the U.S.

 

 

·      Hospitality: 19 properties with over 14,000 rooms.

 

 

·      Self-storage: 161 properties with approximately 97,600 units across the U.S.

 

 

·      Student housing: 14 properties with 5,800 beds in the UK.

 

23 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT

 











 

The following table disaggregates segment FFO and segment equity into the amounts attributable to our ownership interests in BPY, the amounts represented by other property assets and liabilities, and realized disposition gains to facilitate analysis:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Funds from Operations
    	
 
    	
Common Equity by
   Segment
    
	
AS AT SEP. 30, 2016 AND DEC. 31, 2015
   AND FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Brookfield Property Partners
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Equity units1
    	
 
    	
$
    	
153
    	
 
    	
$
    	
138
    	
 
    	
$
    	
15,524
    	
 
    	
$
    	
14,888
    
	
Preferred shares
    	
 
    	
19
    	
 
    	
19
    	
 
    	
1,265
    	
 
    	
1,275
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
172
    	
 
    	
157
    	
 
    	
16,789
    	
 
    	
16,163
    
	
Other
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Property assets
    	
 
    	
12
    	
 
    	
8
    	
 
    	
856
    	
 
    	
621
    
	
Liabilities
    	
 
    	
(6)
    	
 
    	
(7)
    	
 
    	
(524)
    	
 
    	
(519)
    
	
Realized disposition gains
    	
 
    	
367
    	
 
    	
56
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
545
    	
 
    	
$
    	
214
    	
 
    	
$
    	
17,121
    	
 
    	
$
    	
16,265
    


 

1. Brookfield’s equity units in BPY consist of 432.6 million redemption-exchange units, 50.3 million Class A LP units, 4.8 million special limited partnership units and 0.1 million general partnership units; together representing an effective economic interest of 62% of BPY

 

FFO within our property segment was $545 million and increased by $331 million from the prior year primarily due to a $311 million increase in realized disposition gains. Excluding the impact of disposition gains, FFO increased by $20 million or 13% largely due to the contribution from new opportunistic investments and same-property growth, partially offset by absence of FFO from assets disposed of within the core office and retail sectors. Realized disposition gains in the current period include a $123 million gain related to partial sale of a shopping mall in Las Vegas, a $90 million gain related to the disposition of an office building in Sydney, a $73 million gain related to the sale of a hotel portfolio in Germany, $59 million gain on the sale of a hospitality trademark and $22 million of net gains on the sale of 29 other investments.

 

Brookfield Property Partners

 

BPY’s FFO for the third quarter of 2016 was $232 million, of which our share was $153 million. We also received $19 million as dividends from preferred shares of BPY that were issued to us on its formation (2015 – $19 million).

 

	
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Core office
    	
 
    	
$
    	
149
    	
 
    	
$
    	
163
    
	
Core retail
    	
 
    	
108
    	
 
    	
109
    
	
Opportunistic
    	
 
    	
90
    	
 
    	
66
    
	
Corporate
    	
 
    	
(115)
    	
 
    	
(120)
    
	
Attributable to unitholders
    	
 
    	
232
    	
 
    	
218
    
	
Non-controlling interests
    	
 
    	
(72)
    	
 
    	
(71)
    
	
Segment reallocation and other
    	
 
    	
(7)
    	
 
    	
(9)
    
	
Brookfield’s interest
    	
 
    	
$
    	
153
    	
 
    	
$
    	
138
    


 

Core office FFO decreased by $14 million to $149 million. Same-property FFO growth of 5%, primarily derived from lease commencements at Brookfield Place New York, was more than offset by the absence of $17 million of FFO from assets sold in the prior the quarter as well as the negative impact of foreign exchange from the weakening of the British pound.

 

We completed 2.4 million square feet of new and renewal leases during the quarter at an average in-place net rent of $34.50, which was 17% higher than expiring net rents of $29.39 per square foot. This resulted in a 1.9% increase in average overall office in-place net rents to $34.37 per square foot compared to $33.73 at year end, including the impact of currency revaluation. Overall occupancy decreased by 30 bps to 91.4% from the prior quarter. Our overall office portfolio in-place net rents are currently 17% below market net rents.

 

We currently have 9.9 million square feet of active development projects, including Manhattan West in New York, Brookfield Place in Calgary, as well as London Wall Place, Principal Place and 1 Bank Street in London and buildings in Dubai and Sydney. These office assets are 56% pre-leased in aggregate and we estimate an additional cost of $2.6 billion to complete construction.

 

BPY’s core retail FFO, which is derived from its ownership interest in GGP, remained relatively consistent as a 4% increase in same-store net operating income at GGP was offset by the absence of FFO from assets sold.

 

Our same-property retail portfolio occupancy rate was 95.5% as at September 30, 2016, a decrease of 20 bps from September 30, 2015. Lease commencements on a same property basis resulted in an increase in in-place rents to $62.52 at September 30, 2016 from $60.52 at September 30, 2015. Average lease spreads on signed leases commencing in 2016 and 2017 are 21% higher than existing leases on a suite-to-suite basis. Tenant sales, excluding anchors, increased by 1.4% compared to the prior year and initial rental rates for executed leases commencing in 2016 on a suite-to-suite basis increased by 10.4% compared to the rental rate for expiring leases.

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT  24

 











 

BPY’s opportunistic assets are held primarily through private funds that are managed by us. BPY’s share of the FFO from these assets increased by $24 million to $90 million compared to the prior period. FFO increased by $14 million from the contribution from capital deployed which includes the acquisitions of our self-storage operations and UK student housing assets and $10 million earned on multifamily inventory sales, as well as higher same-store growth in certain of our hospitality assets.

 

BPY’s corporate expenses decreased by $5 million to $115 million, as a result of lower interest expense following the repayment of the BPO acquisition facility and subsidiary borrowings with proceeds from assets sales. Corporate expenses include interest expense, management fees paid and other costs.

 

Common Equity by Segment

 

Our property segment consists largely of investments in commercial property businesses, whose assets are comprised mostly of investment properties that are carried at fair value and revalued on a quarterly basis. Common equity by segment increased to $17.1 billion (2015 – $16.3 billion) due to retained earnings including higher property valuations and a $600 million (at share) deferred income tax recovery in our U.S. property operations, as described on page 16.

 

RENEWABLE POWER

 

Overview

 

We hold our renewable power operations primarily through a 61% economic ownership interest in Brookfield Renewable Partners. BEP is listed on both the NYSE and TSX and had an equity capitalization of $9.5 billion at September 30, 2016, based on public pricing. BEP operates renewable power facilities, predominantly hydroelectricity, and owns them both directly as well as through our private infrastructure funds. During the second quarter of 2016, BEP issued 23 million limited partnership units for $670 million, of which we acquired 11 million units, increasing our capital investment in BEP, although diluting our economic ownership interest from 63% to 61%.

 

BEP owns the world’s largest, publicly traded, pure-play renewable power portfolio with 217 hydroelectric generating stations on 82 river systems, 38 wind facilities, three biomass facilities, and three natural gas-fired (“Co-gen”) plants, diversified across 15 power markets in the United States, Canada, Colombia, Brazil and Europe. Overall, the portfolio has 10,676 MW of installed capacity and long-term average generation of 24,526 gigawatts (“GWh”) on a proportionate basis. BEP also has an approximate 6,800 MW development pipeline spread across all of our operating jurisdictions.

 

We arrange for the sale of power generated by BEP through our energy marketing business (“Brookfield Energy Marketing” or “BEMI”). We purchase a portion of BEP’s power pursuant to long-term contracts at pre-determined prices, thereby increasing the stability of BEP’s revenue profile. We sell the power under long-term contracts as well as into the open market and also earn ancillary revenues, such as capacity fees and renewable power credits and premiums. This provides us with increased participation in future increases (or decreases) in power prices.

 

The following table disaggregates segment FFO and segment equity into the amounts attributable to our ownership of BEP and the operations of BEMI:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Funds from Operations
    	
 
    	
Common Equity by
   Segment
    
	
AS AT SEP. 30, 2016 AND DEC. 31, 2015
   AND FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Brookfield Renewable Partners1
    	
 
    	
$
    	
42
    	
 
    	
$
    	
31
    	
 
    	
$
    	
3,810
    	
 
    	
$
    	
3,405
    
	
Brookfield Energy Marketing
    	
 
    	
7
    	
 
    	
(8)
    	
 
    	
1,052
    	
 
    	
1,019
    
	
Realized disposition gains
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
25
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
49
    	
 
    	
$
    	
48
    	
 
    	
$
    	
4,862
    	
 
    	
$
    	
4,424
    


 

1. Brookfield’s interest in BEP consists of 129.7 million redemption-exchange units, 51.1 million Class A LP units and 2.7 million general partnership units; together representing an economic interest of 61% of BEP

 

Our share of BEP’s FFO increased by $11 million to $42 million compared to the same period in the prior year. FFO during the quarter included a $12 million catch up payment for generation sold under power purchase agreements in prior quarters. Excluding this payment, FFO decreased primarily due to lower hydroelectric generation in northeastern U.S. Our energy marketing operations contributed $7 million to FFO during the quarter, as compared to an FFO deficit in the prior quarter of $8 million, as a result of improved spreads on power sold in the market as compared to power purchased from BEP.

 

Realized disposition gains in the prior year included the disposition of two Brazilian hydroelectric facilities and the sale of a U.S. wind facility.

 

25 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT

 











 

Brookfield Renewable Partners

 

BEP’s operating results are summarized as follows:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Actual
   Generation (GWh)1
    	
 
    	
Long-Term
   Average (GWh)1
    	
 
    	
Funds from Operations
    
	
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEP. 30
   (GIGAWATT HOURS AND $MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Hydroelectric
    	
 
    	
3,807
    	
 
    	
3,116
    	
 
    	
4,543
    	
 
    	
3,437
    	
 
    	
$
    	
82
    	
 
    	
$
    	
100
    
	
Wind energy
    	
 
    	
470
    	
 
    	
425
    	
 
    	
582
    	
 
    	
555
    	
 
    	
18
    	
 
    	
22
    
	
Corporate and other
    	
 
    	
141
    	
 
    	
174
    	
 
    	
87
    	
 
    	
110
    	
 
    	
(27)
    	
 
    	
(42)
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
4,418
    	
 
    	
3,715
    	
 
    	
5,212
    	
 
    	
4,102
    	
 
    	
73
    	
 
    	
80
    
	
Non-controlling interest and other2
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
(31)
    	
 
    	
(31)
    
	
Reclassification - disposition gains3
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
(18)
    
	
Brookfield’s interest
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
42
    	
 
    	
$
    	
31
    


 

1. Proportionate to Brookfield Renewable Partners

2. Includes incentive distributions paid to Brookfield of $5 million (2015 – $2 million) as the general partner of BEP

3. The prior year includes a reallocation of $18 million to disposition gains, net of NCI related to the sale of a 102 MW wind facility in California and compensation for extinguished concession agreements relating to two Brazilian hydroelectric facilities

 

Generation for the three months ended September 30, 2016 totalled 4,418 GWh, on a proportionate basis to BEP, below the long-term average of 5,212 GWh and an increase of 703 GWh compared to the prior year.

 

Hydroelectric generation was 3,807 GWh below the long-term average of 4,543 GWh and an increase of 691 GWh compared to the prior year. Generation from recently acquired facilities in Colombia, Brazil and Pennsylvania was 731 GWh and contributed $16 million of additional FFO. This was partially offset by lower generation primarily in northeastern U.S., which reduced FFO by $7 million, as well as the impact of foreign exchange and interest costs. The third quarter of 2015 had included $17 million in compensation that we received upon our election to not renew concession agreements for two Brazilian facilities.

 

Generation from the wind portfolio of 470 GWh was below the long-term average of 582 GWh, although an increase of 45 GWh compared to the prior year. Generation at our North American portfolio was slightly ahead of the prior year and slightly below long-term average. The Brazilian portfolio generated 83 GWh in the quarter, in-line with the long-term average and 26 GWh above the prior year. This increased generation contributed an additional $3 million of FFO. FFO in the same period of the previous year included a $12 million gain on the sale of the 102 MW wind facility in California.

 

Corporate and other activities reduced FFO by $27 million (2015 – $42 million) and includes interest expense on corporate debentures, preferred share distributions as well as unallocated corporate costs, which primarily consist of asset management fees paid and cash taxes. FFO from other activities includes a $20 million catch up payment during the quarter for co-gen assets pertaining to historic power purchase agreements in Ontario, which partially offset these unallocated corporate costs.

 

Brookfield Energy Marketing

 

BEMI contributed $7 million of FFO during the quarter, a $15 million increase from the $8 million FFO deficit in the prior year, benefitting from higher average realized pricing on merchant power and lower generation in New York, where generation is sold at a negative margin relative to the purchase price from BEP. Contracted purchase prices from BEP were below realized prices; as on a weighted average basis, realized prices benefitted from both higher market prices and higher ancillary revenues, which increased overall realized prices.

 

BEMI purchased approximately 1,412 GWh of electricity from BEP during the third quarter of 2016, compared with 1,476 GWh in 2015, at an average price of $64 per MWh compared with $69 per MWh in 2015, and sold this power at an average price, including ancillary revenues, of $69 per MWh compared with $62 per MWh in 2015. The lower cost of purchases from BEP was due to a change in mix of purchases across regions as generation was lower in New York relative to other regions, which resulted in a $5 per MWh positive variance.

 

Approximately 536 GWh of power sales were pursuant to long-term contracts at an average price of $80 per MWh (2015 – $79 per MWh). The balance of approximately 876 GWh was sold in the short-term market at an average price of $62 per MWh, including ancillary revenues (2015 – $52 per MWh). Ancillary revenues, which include capacity payments, green credits and other additional revenues, totalled $21 million, adding $15 per MWh to average realized prices on short-term power sales in the current quarter as compared to $18 per MWh in the prior year quarter.

 

Common Equity by Segment

 

Segment equity was $4.9 billion at September 30, 2016 and increased over the $4.4 billion at December 31, 2015 primarily due to our purchase of 11 million BEP units during the second quarter for $313 million as well as our share of earnings over the first nine months of 2016. Our invested capital is represented primarily by the property, plant and equipment deployed in our generation facilities. We record renewable power PP&E at fair value and revalue the assets annually in the fourth quarter. Accordingly, equity is typically not impacted by revaluation items during the first three quarters. Common equity by segment increased since year end primarily due to the contribution of FFO and the impact of foreign currency translation, partially offset by depreciation and amortization, and cash distributions received.

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT  26

 











 

INFRASTRUCTURE

 

Overview

 

Our infrastructure operations are held primarily through our 30% economic ownership interest in Brookfield Infrastructure Partners. BIP is listed on the New York and Toronto Stock Exchanges and had an equity capitalization of $12.4 billion at September 30, 2016, based on public pricing. BIP owns infrastructure businesses directly as well as through private funds that we manage. We also have direct investments in sustainable resources operations.

 

The following table disaggregates segment FFO and segment equity into the amounts attributable to our economic ownership interest of BIP, directly held sustainable resources operations and realized disposition gains:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Funds from Operations
    	
 
    	
Common Equity by
   Segment
    
	
AS AT SEP. 30, 2016 AND DEC. 31, 2015
   AND FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Brookfield Infrastructure Partners1
    	
 
    	
$
    	
63
    	
 
    	
$
    	
57
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,599
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,585
    
	
Sustainable resources
    	
 
    	
6
    	
 
    	
7
    	
 
    	
744
    	
 
    	
618
    
	
Realized disposition gains
    	
 
    	
20
    	
 
    	
7
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
89
    	
 
    	
$
    	
71
    	
 
    	
$
    	
2,343
    	
 
    	
$
    	
2,203
    


 

1. Brookfield’s interest in BIP consist of 100.2 million redemption-exchange units and 1.6 million general partnership units together representing an economic interest of 30% of BIP

 

BIP’s FFO increased primarily due to recent investments in the transport and energy sectors, which contributed $9 million. Same-store FFO increased by 9% on a constant currency basis, however this variance was offset by unfavourable foreign exchange.

 

We disposed of our toehold position in our Australian ports business during the quarter, generating $600 million of net proceeds to BIP and a $20 million realized disposition gain (proportionate to BAM).

 

Brookfield Infrastructure Partners

 

BIP’s operations are principally organized as follows:

 

Utilities operations: consist of regulated distribution, regulated terminal and electricity transmission operations, located in North and South America, Asia Pacific and Europe. These businesses typically earn a pre-determined return based on their asset base, invested capital or capacity and the applicable regulatory frameworks and long-term contracts. Accordingly, the returns tend to be predictable and typically not impacted to any great degree by short-term volume or price fluctuations.

 

Transport operations: are comprised of open access systems that provide transportation for freight, bulk commodities and passengers, for which we are paid an access fee. Profitability is based on the volume and price achieved for the provision of these services. These operations are comprised of businesses with regulated tariff structures, such as our rail and toll road operations, as well as unregulated businesses, such as our ports. Approximately 80% of our transport operations are supported by long-term contracts or regulation.

 

Energy operations: consist of systems that provide energy transmission, distribution and storage services. Profitability is based on the volume and price achieved for the provision of these services. These operations are comprised of businesses that are subject to light regulation, such as our natural gas transmission business whose services are subject to price ceilings, and businesses that are essentially unregulated like our district energy business.

 

Communications infrastructure: consists of a communication tower infrastructure operation located in France that provides essential services and critical infrastructure to the telecom and media broadcasting sectors, for which we are paid a fee. This operation generates stable, inflation-linked cash flows underpinned by long-term contracts.

 

BIP’s operating results are summarized as follows:

 

 

	
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Utilities
    	
 
    	
$
    	
102
    	
 
    	
$
    	
99
    
	
Transport
    	
 
    	
112
    	
 
    	
103
    
	
Energy
    	
 
    	
40
    	
 
    	
19
    
	
Communications infrastructure
    	
 
    	
19
    	
 
    	
20
    
	
Corporate and other
    	
 
    	
(38)
    	
 
    	
(31)
    
	
Attributable to unitholders
    	
 
    	
235
    	
 
    	
210
    
	
Non-controlling interests and other1
    	
 
    	
(172)
    	
 
    	
(153)
    
	
Brookfield’s interest
    	
 
    	
$
    	
63
    	
 
    	
$
    	
57
    


 

1. Includes incentive distributions paid to Brookfield of $21 million (2015 – $17 million) as the general partner of BIP

 

27 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT

 











 

BIP recorded $235 million of FFO in the third quarter of 2016, a 12% increase from the prior year, benefitting from its increased ownership in our North American gas transmission operations and Brazilian toll roads, the contribution from new investments and internally generated growth across the business.

 

FFO from our utilities operations increased by $3 million over the prior year quarter to $102 million. FFO benefitted from additional connections activity and the contribution from growth initiatives at our UK regulated distribution business and incremental earnings on growth capital commissioned into our rate base, partially offset by a periodic rate reset in our regulated Australian coal terminal and the impact of foreign exchange.

 

Transport FFO increased by $9 million to $112 million primarily driven by the contributions of investments over the last year including an increased ownership in our Brazilian toll roads, the acquisition of toll roads in India and Peru and a partial contribution from the acquisition of an Australian ports business, which was completed in the current quarter. Higher tariffs and volumes across a number of our operations were offset by the impact of foreign exchange and tariff relief extended to one of our Australian rail clients.

 

FFO from our energy operations increased by $21 million to $40 million due primarily to our increased ownership interest in our North American natural gas transmission business, as well as higher volumes and lower interest expense in that business. The current quarter results also benefitted from the initial contribution of a newly acquired North American gas storage operations.

 

Our communications infrastructure FFO declined modestly to $19 million as we refinanced low cost acquisition debt with longer term, fixed rate borrowings at slightly higher rates.

 

Corporate and other FFO was a deficit of $38 million compared to a deficit of $31 million in the prior year due to higher base management fees from increased market capitalization and increased interest expense from higher debt balances, partially offset by higher investment income.

 

Sustainable Resources

 

Sustainable resources investments include timberlands in the northeastern U.S. and Canada, and capital in our Brazil-focused timber and agriculture private funds. FFO was $6 million, representing a $1 million decrease as compared to the prior year quarter due to lower soybean harvests in our Brazilian agriculture businesses.

 

Common Equity by Segment

 

Segment equity was $2.3 billion at September 30, 2016 (December 31, 2015 – $2.2 billion) and primarily represents our net investment in infrastructure property, plant and equipment, as well as certain concessions. Infrastructure PP&E, which represents the majority of assets in the segment, are recorded at fair value and revalued annually. Concessions are considered intangible assets under IFRS and are recorded at historical cost and amortized over the term of the concession. Accordingly a smaller portion of our equity is impacted by revaluation than in our property and renewable power segments and revaluation items are typically only recorded at year end. Segment common equity increased from December 31, 2015, as the contribution from earnings and positive currency revaluation was partially offset by distributions paid to us.

 

PRIVATE EQUITY

 

Our private equity operations are held primarily through our 79% interest in Brookfield Business Partners. We distributed a 21% limited partnership interest in BBU as a special dividend to shareholders on June 20, 2016. The value of the dividend, based on IFRS values, was $441 million or $0.45 per common share. BBU is listed on the New York and Toronto Stock Exchanges and had an equity capitalization of $1.9 billion at September 30, 2016.

 

In addition, we own certain businesses directly, including a 41% interest in Norbord Inc., which is one of the world’s largest producers of oriented strand board (“OSB”) which is used in a wide range of industrial, residential and specialty applications. The market value of our investment in Norbord at September 30, 2016 was $0.9 billion based on market prices compared with our carrying value of $252 million.

 

The following table disaggregates segment FFO and segment equity into the amounts attributable to the capital we have invested in BBU, Norbord, and other investments:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Funds from Operations
    	
 
    	
Common Equity by
   Segment
    
	
AS AT SEP. 30, 2016 AND DEC. 31, 2015
   AND FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Brookfield Business Partners1
    	
 
    	
$
    	
40
    	
 
    	
$
    	
58
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,668
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,787
    
	
Norbord
    	
 
    	
40
    	
 
    	
7
    	
 
    	
252
    	
 
    	
224
    
	
Other investments
    	
 
    	
17
    	
 
    	
19
    	
 
    	
585
    	
 
    	
167
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
97
    	
 
    	
$
    	
84
    	
 
    	
$
    	
2,505
    	
 
    	
$
    	
2,178
    


 

1. Prior period figures for assets that are included in BBU have been reclassified to reflect current presentation

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT  28

 











 

Brookfield Business Partners

 

BBU’s operations are principally organized as follows:

 

Construction services: We provide contracting services with a focus on high-quality construction of large-scale and complex landmark buildings and social infrastructure. Construction projects are generally delivered through contracts whereby we take responsibility for design, engineering, procurement and construction for a defined price. The majority of construction activities are typically sub-contracted to reputable specialists whose obligations mirror those contained within the main construction contract to reduce risk.

 

Other business services: These consist primarily of commercial and residential real estate services and facilities management for corporate and government clients. Our business services operations are typically provided under medium to long-term contracts, which include the services to be performed and the margin to be earned to perform such services. The majority of our revenue is generated through our facilities management and relocation services businesses. Within our facilities management business we provide design and project management, professional services and strategic workplace consulting. Our relocation service activity is seasonal in nature and is affected by the general level of economic activity and related volume of services purchased by our clients.

 

Energy: Primarily comprised of oil and gas exploration and production, principally through an offshore oil and gas portfolio in Western Australia and our coal-bed methane operations in central Alberta, Canada. Our energy business also includes energy-related service operations in Canada.

 

Other industrial operations: Include manufacturing and distribution activities in a variety of businesses. We manufacture and distribute bath and shower products for the residential housing market in North America. Our operations also include a leading manufacturer of graphite electrodes that are primarily sold to the steel production industry. This is a capital intensive business with significant barriers to entry and requires technical expertise to build and operate profitably. In addition, we have operations that manufacture and market a comprehensive range of infrastructure products and engineered construction solutions and hold interests in specialty metal and aggregates mining operations in Canada.

 

BBU’s operating results are summarized as follows:

 

 

	
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Construction
    	
 
    	
$
    	
16
    	
 
    	
$
    	
20
    
	
Other business services
    	
 
    	
18
    	
 
    	
17
    
	
Energy
    	
 
    	
12
    	
 
    	
16
    
	
Other industrial operations
    	
 
    	
11
    	
 
    	
5
    
	
Corporate and other
    	
 
    	
(7)
    	
 
    	
—
    
	
Brookfield Business Partners
    	
 
    	
50
    	
 
    	
58
    
	
Non-controlling interests
    	
 
    	
(10)
    	
 
    	
—
    
	
Brookfield’s interest
    	
 
    	
$
    	
40
    	
 
    	
$
    	
58
    


 

BBU generated $50 million of FFO, representing an $8 million decrease from the prior period primarily due to corporate expenses upon spin-off to a publicly traded partnership on June 20, 2016. Corporate expenses include base management fees and other administrative costs that were previously incurred by BAM.

 

Construction services FFO decreased by $4 million to $16 million largely due to reduced margins, partially offset by a higher level of work performed across our portfolio. During the quarter, we secured approximately $300 million of new projects, including a residential/mixed use building in Melbourne. Our backlog now stands at $6.6 billion across 99 projects representing nearly two years of activity on a weighted average basis.

 

FFO from other business services was $18 million for the quarter, relatively consistent with the prior year. FFO benefitted from a tuck-in acquisition closed mid-quarter in our facilities management business.

 

Our energy operations contributed $4 million lower FFO as a result of lower commodity prices affecting our operations, particularly in western Canada. Our Western Australia oil and gas business FFO increased by $4 million and continues to benefit from having a significant portion of its oil production hedged under long-term contracts at above current market prices.

 

FFO within our other industrial investments increased by $6 million due primarily to realized gains on the sale of public security investments. Margins were relatively consistent across these businesses as lower pricing impact in our graphite electrode manufacturing business was offset by higher volumes and cost savings across the various businesses.

 

Norbord and Other Investments

 

Our share of Norbord’s FFO increased by $33 million to $40 million as North American benchmark OSB prices have increased from this time last year as U.S. housing starts, particularly for single-family homes, continue to recover and are increasing OSB demand, a key product used in the residential construction industry. North American OSB prices increased by 48% to $301 per thousand square feet (“Msf”) compared to $204 per Msf in the third quarter of 2015. FFO also benefitted from a 4% increase in North American volumes from 1,409 million square feet (“MMsf”) to 1,464 MMsf.

 

29 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT

 











 

Common Equity by Segment

 

Segment equity increased by $327 million from December 31, 2015 to $2.5 billion as our investments continue to benefit from the contribution of FFO and $734 million additional capital invested during the year. These increases were partially offset by the $441 million distribution to shareholders of a 21% interest in BBU. Most of the assets held in these operations are recorded at amortized cost, with depreciation recorded on a quarterly basis.

 

RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT

 

Our residential development businesses operate in North America, Brazil and Australia.

 

Our North American business is conducted through Brookfield Residential Properties Inc., and is active in 10 principal markets in Canada and the U.S., and controls over 101,000 lots in these markets. Our major focus is on entitling and developing land for building homes or for the sale of lots to other builders.

 

Our Brazilian business includes land acquisition and development, construction, sales and marketing of a broad range of “for sale” residential and commercial office units, with a primary focus on middle income residential units in Brazil’s largest markets, primarily São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro.

 

The following table disaggregates segment FFO and segment equity into the amounts attributable to our two principal operating regions:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Funds from Operations
    	
 
    	
Common Equity by
   Segment
    
	
AS AT SEP. 30, 2016 AND DEC. 31, 2015
   AND FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Residential
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
North America
    	
 
    	
$
    	
25
    	
 
    	
$
    	
46
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,382
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,318
    
	
Brazil and other
    	
 
    	
(15)
    	
 
    	
(5)
    	
 
    	
1,317
    	
 
    	
903
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
10
    	
 
    	
$
    	
41
    	
 
    	
$
    	
2,699
    	
 
    	
$
    	
2,221
    


 

Funds from operations from our North American operations decreased by $21 million due mostly to fewer lot closings and lower gross margins, primarily in Alberta, which continues to experience slower results due to the impact of depressed energy prices on that market. Home closings increased by 15% in the current quarter as California and eastern Canada are benefitting from strong market conditions. However, these higher volumes were offset by decreased gross margins for housing at 18.5% for the quarter compared 24.9% in the same quarter last year primarily due to a change in product mix; as at September 30, 2016 we had 27 (2015 – 28) active land communities and 80 (2015 – 59) active housing communities.

 

Our Brazilian operations delivered 10 projects during the quarter in comparison to five in the third quarter of 2015. Although deliveries were higher in the current quarter, FFO decreased from a loss of $5 million in the prior year quarter to a loss $15 million in current quarter. This was due to increased costs on certain projects and decreased pricing as a result of the weak economic environment in Brazil and its impact on the residential market. We currently have 33 projects under development as compared to 63 at the start of 2016 and 104 at this time last year, as we have been focused on delivering our current inventory over the past year. Although the market in Brazil remains challenging, consumer confidence levels are now rising, enhancing the value of our business and our ability to generate stronger results over time. Evidence of this confidence is seen through our recent launch of new products, after two years of not launching products into the market.

 

Common Equity by Segment

 

Segment equity was $2.7 billion at September 30, 2016 (December 31, 2015 – $2.2 billion) and consists largely of residential development inventory. We invested $232 million in our Brazilian operations, using the funds to repay high cost debt, lowering leverage and associated interest expense. Our residential businesses are carried primarily at historical cost, or the lower of cost and market, notwithstanding the length of time that some of our assets have been held and the value created through the development process.

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT  30

 











 

CORPORATE ACTIVITIES

 

Our corporate activities primarily consist of allocating capital to our operating business groups, principally through our listed partnerships (BPY, BEP, BIP and BBU) and through directly held investments, as well as funding this capital through the issuance of corporate borrowings and preferred shares. We also hold financial assets as part of our liquidity management operations and enter into financial contracts to manage our foreign currency and interest rate risks.

 

Segment equity in our corporate activities was a deficit of $7.4 billion at September 30, 2016 (December 31, 2015 – $6.1 billion). Corporate borrowings are generally issued with fixed interest rates and held at amortized cost. Many of these borrowings are denominated in Canadian dollars and therefore the carrying value fluctuates with changes in the exchange rate. A number of these borrowings have been designated as hedges of our Canadian dollar net investments within our other segments, resulting in the majority of the currency revaluation being recognized in other comprehensive income. Preferred equity does not revalue under IFRS.

 

The following table disaggregates segment FFO and segment equity into the principal assets and liabilities within our corporate operations and associated FFO to facilitate analysis:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Funds from Operations
    	
 
    	
Common Equity by
   Segment
    
	
AS AT SEP. 30, 2016 AND DEC. 31, 2015
   AND FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Cash and financial assets, net
    	
 
    	
$
    	
8
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(17)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,187
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,018
    
	
Corporate borrowings
    	
 
    	
(64)
    	
 
    	
(56)
    	
 
    	
(4,674)
    	
 
    	
(3,936)
    
	
Preferred equity1
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
(3,732)
    	
 
    	
(3,739)
    
	
Corporate costs and taxes/net working capital
    	
 
    	
(29)
    	
 
    	
(25)
    	
 
    	
(216)
    	
 
    	
606
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(85)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(98)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(7,435)
    	
 
    	
$
    	
(6,051)
    


 

1. FFO excludes preferred share distributions of $33 million (2015 – $32 million)

 

Our portfolio of cash and financial assets is generally recorded at fair value with changes recognized quarterly through net income, unless the underlying financial investments are classified as available-for-sale securities, in which case they are recorded at fair value with changes in value recognized in other comprehensive income. Loans and receivables are typically carried at amortized cost. Our financial assets consist of $1,644 million of cash, securities and other financial assets (December 31, 2015 – $1,298 million), which are partially offset by $457 million (December 31, 2015 – $280 million) of deposits and other liabilities.

 

FFO from these activities includes dividends and interests from our financial assets, mark-to-market gains or losses on our financial asset portfolio and realized disposition gains or losses. FFO in our cash and financial asset portfolio was $8 million, reflecting favourable market performance. FFO on our corporate borrowings reflects the interest expense on those borrowings, which increased from the prior year as a result of a corporate debt issuances during the year. We describe cash and financial assets, corporate borrowings and preferred shares in more detail within Part 4 – Capitalization and Liquidity.

 

Net working capital includes corporate accounts receivable, accounts payable, other assets and liabilities. These items are partly offset by net deferred income tax assets of $721 million (December 31, 2015 – $729 million). Net working capital in the prior year included a $632 million loan receivable from BPY which was repaid during the first quarter of 2016. FFO includes corporate costs and cash taxes, which increased over the prior year quarter due to a higher level of cash taxes in the current quarter.

 

31 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT

 




 






 

PART 4 – CAPITALIZATION AND LIQUIDITY

 

CAPITALIZATION

 

Overview

 

We review key components of our consolidated capitalization in the following sections. In several instances we have disaggregated the balances into the amounts attributable to our operating segments in order to facilitate discussion and analysis.

 

The following table presents our capitalization on a consolidated corporate (i.e., deconsolidated), and proportionately consolidated basis:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Consolidated1
    	
 
    	
Corporate
    	
 
    	
Proportionate1
    
	
AS AT SEP. 30, 2016   AND DEC. 31, 2015
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Corporate borrowings
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
4,674
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
3,936
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
4,674
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
3,936
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
4,674
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
3,936
    
	
Non-recourse borrowings
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Property-specific mortgages
    	
 
    	
52,803
    	
 
    	
46,474
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
27,659
    	
 
    	
26,730
    
	
Subsidiary borrowings
    	
 
    	
9,663
    	
 
    	
8,303
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
6,217
    	
 
    	
5,303
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
67,140
    	
 
    	
58,713
    	
 
    	
4,674
    	
 
    	
3,936
    	
 
    	
38,550
    	
 
    	
35,969
    
	
Accounts payable and other
    	
 
    	
12,570
    	
 
    	
11,433
    	
 
    	
1,940
    	
 
    	
1,726
    	
 
    	
8,777
    	
 
    	
7,537
    
	
Deferred tax liabilities
    	
 
    	
9,465
    	
 
    	
8,810
    	
 
    	
171
    	
 
    	
155
    	
 
    	
4,729
    	
 
    	
4,904
    
	
Subsidiary equity obligations
    	
 
    	
3,543
    	
 
    	
3,331
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
1,824
    	
 
    	
1,895
    
	
Equity
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Non-controlling interests
    	
 
    	
40,955
    	
 
    	
31,920
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    
	
Preferred equity
    	
 
    	
3,732
    	
 
    	
3,739
    	
 
    	
3,732
    	
 
    	
3,739
    	
 
    	
3,732
    	
 
    	
3,739
    
	
Common equity
    	
 
    	
22,432
    	
 
    	
21,568
    	
 
    	
22,432
    	
 
    	
21,568
    	
 
    	
22,432
    	
 
    	
21,568
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
67,119
    	
 
    	
57,227
    	
 
    	
26,164
    	
 
    	
25,307
    	
 
    	
26,164
    	
 
    	
25,307
    
	
Total capitalization
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
159,837
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
139,514
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
32,949
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
31,124
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
80,044
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
75,612
    


 

1. Reflects liabilities associated with assets held for sale on a consolidated basis and proportionate basis according to the nature of the balance

 

Consolidated Capitalization

 

Consolidated capitalization reflects the full consolidation of wholly owned and partially owned entities. We note that in many cases our consolidated capitalization includes 100% of the debt of the consolidated entities, even though in most cases we only own a portion of the entity and therefore our pro rata exposure to this debt is much lower. In other cases, this basis of presentation excludes the debt of partially owned entities that are equity accounted, such as our investments in General Growth Properties and Canary Wharf and several of our infrastructure businesses.

 

Corporate Capitalization

 

Our corporate (deconsolidated) capitalization shows the amount of debt that has recourse to the Corporation. Corporate borrowings increased by $738 million from year end as a result of the issuance of $500 million and C$500 million notes with a coupon of 4.25% and 3.80%, respectively, the repayment of C$300 million notes with a coupon of 5.20%, and $140 million of foreign exchange revaluation on Canadian dollar borrowings.

 

Common and preferred equity totals $26.2 billion (2015 – $25.3 billion) and represents approximately 79% of our corporate capitalization.

 

Corporate borrowings are further described on page 38.

 

Proportionate Capitalization

 

Proportionate capitalization, which reflects our proportionate interest in the underlying entities, depicts the extent to which our underlying assets are leveraged, which we believe is an important component of enhancing shareholder returns. We believe that the levels of debt relative to total capitalization are appropriate given the high quality of the assets, the stability of the associated cash flows and the level of financings that assets of this nature typically support, as well as our liquidity profile.

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT  32

 











 

Cash and Financial Assets

 

The following table presents our cash and financial assets on a consolidated and corporate (i.e., deconsolidated) basis:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Consolidated
    	
 
    	
Corporate
    
	
(MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,
   2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,
   2015
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,
   2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,
   2015
    
	
Financial assets
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Government bonds
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
51
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
122
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
28
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
101
    
	
Corporate bonds and other
    	
 
    	
1,657
    	
 
    	
1,648
    	
 
    	
169
    	
 
    	
210
    
	
Preferred shares
    	
 
    	
32
    	
 
    	
22
    	
 
    	
15
    	
 
    	
14
    
	
Common equity
    	
 
    	
2,098
    	
 
    	
2,985
    	
 
    	
645
    	
 
    	
286
    
	
Loans receivable/deposits
    	
 
    	
1,258
    	
 
    	
1,379
    	
 
    	
72
    	
 
    	
150
    
	
Total financial assets
    	
 
    	
5,096
    	
 
    	
6,156
    	
 
    	
929
    	
 
    	
761
    
	
Cash and cash equivalents
    	
 
    	
4,372
    	
 
    	
2,774
    	
 
    	
715
    	
 
    	
537
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
9,468
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
8,930
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1,644
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1,298
    


 

Consolidated Cash and Financial Assets

 

Consolidated cash and financial assets include financial assets which are held by wholly owned and partially owned entities throughout our operations and include both publicly traded investments as well as investments in private entities. Our consolidated cash and financial assets include investments that are allocated to certain of our business operating segments. Common equity investments decreased by $0.9 billion as commenced equity accounting and consolidated our previously held $1.2 billion toehold position in an Australian logistics business.

 

Corporate Cash and Financial Assets

 

We maintain a corporate portfolio of financial assets with the objective of generating favourable investment returns and providing additional liquidity.

 

Government and corporate bonds and other include short duration securities for liquidity purposes and longer dated securities that match $89 million of insurance liabilities that are included in net working capital within our corporate segment.

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we invested $359 million into common equity securities as a short-term investment of our corporate cash.

 

In addition to the carrying values of financial assets, we hold credit default swaps under which we have purchased protection against increases in credit spreads on debt securities with a notional value of $300 million (2015 – $800 million) and sold protection for $58 million (2015 – $70 million). The carrying value of these derivative instruments reflected in our financial statements at September 30, 2016 was an asset of $2 million (2015 – asset of $3 million).

 

Corporate Borrowings

 

Corporate borrowings at September 30, 2016 included term debt of $4.6 billion (December 31, 2015 – $3.8 billion), which increased as a result of a C$500 million issuance during the quarter, a $500 million issuance earlier in the year and the impact of foreign exchange on Canadian dollar balances, partially offset by C$300 million repayment during the quarter. We had $101 million of commercial paper and bank borrowings outstanding at September 30, 2016 (December 31, 2015 – $156 million). Commercial paper and bank borrowings are pursuant to, or backed by, $1.9 billion of committed revolving term credit facilities of which $1.5 billion have a five-year term, $170 million have a four-year term and the remaining $300 million have a three-year term. As at September 30, 2016, approximately $83 million of the facilities were utilized for letters of credit (December 31, 2015 – $101 million).

 

Term debt consists of public bonds, all of which are fixed rate and have maturities ranging from April 2017 until 2035. These financings provide an important source of long-term capital and an appropriate match to our long-term asset profile.

 

Our corporate term debt has an average term of eight years (December 31, 2015 – eight years). The average interest rate on our corporate borrowings was 4.7% at September 30, 2016 (December 31, 2015 – 5.0%).

 

33 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT

 











 

Property-Specific Borrowings

 

As part of our financing strategy, the majority of our debt capital is in the form of property-specific mortgages and project financings, denominated in local currencies that have recourse only to the assets being financed and have no recourse to the Corporation.

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Average Term
    	
 
    	
Consolidated
    
	
($ MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,
   2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,
   2015
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,
   2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,
   2015
    
	
Property
    	
 
    	
4
    	
 
    	
4
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
32,133
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
31,191
    
	
Renewable power
    	
 
    	
8
    	
 
    	
9
    	
 
    	
8,168
    	
 
    	
5,602
    
	
Infrastructure
    	
 
    	
8
    	
 
    	
9
    	
 
    	
7,911
    	
 
    	
6,325
    
	
Private equity and other
    	
 
    	
3
    	
 
    	
3
    	
 
    	
2,148
    	
 
    	
2,300
    
	
Residential development
    	
 
    	
1
    	
 
    	
2
    	
 
    	
550
    	
 
    	
626
    
	
Total
    	
 
    	
5
    	
 
    	
5
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
50,910
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
46,044
    


 

Property-specific borrowings increased by $4.9 billion during the first nine months of 2016 due to $5.1 billion of borrowings assumed on or issued in conjunction with acquisitions offset by repayment of amounts previously drawn on revolving or term bank facilities. The additional borrowings in our renewable power operations are primarily related to the acquisitions of hydroelectric facilities in Colombia and the U.S. The additional borrowings in our infrastructure operations are also primarily related to acquisitions, including the acquisitions of our Indian and Peruvian toll roads, North American gas storage operations and Australian ports business. Borrowings are generally denominated in the same currencies as the assets they finance and therefore the overall decrease in the value of the U.S. dollar during the period increased the carrying value of our non-U.S. dollar borrowings.

 

Subsidiary Borrowings

 

We endeavour to capitalize our principal subsidiary entities to enable continuous access to the debt capital markets, usually on an investment-grade basis, thereby reducing the demand for capital from the Corporation and sharing financing costs equally among equity holders in partially owned subsidiaries.

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Average Term
    	
 
    	
Consolidated
    
	
($ MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,
   2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,

2015
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,
   2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,
   2015
    
	
Property
    	
 
    	
2
    	
 
    	
1
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
3,661
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
2,864
    
	
Renewable power
    	
 
    	
6
    	
 
    	
6
    	
 
    	
2,268
    	
 
    	
1,736
    
	
Infrastructure
    	
 
    	
4
    	
 
    	
4
    	
 
    	
1,511
    	
 
    	
1,491
    
	
Private equity and other
    	
 
    	
3
    	
 
    	
3
    	
 
    	
584
    	
 
    	
623
    
	
Residential development
    	
 
    	
6
    	
 
    	
7
    	
 
    	
1,639
    	
 
    	
1,589
    
	
Total
    	
 
    	
4
    	
 
    	
4
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
9,663
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
8,303
    


 

Subsidiary borrowings generally have no recourse to the Corporation but are recourse to its principal subsidiaries (primarily BPY, BEP, BIP and BBU). Subsidiary borrowings increased by $1.4 billion as our subsidiaries utilized their credit facilities to fund investments and growth initiatives, as well as C$500 million issuance in BEP during the third quarter of 2016.

 

Subsidiary Equity Obligations

 

The following table disaggregates subsidiary equity obligations by type:

 

 

	
(MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,

2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,

2015
    
	
Subsidiary preferred equity units
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1,570
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1,554
    
	
Limited life funds and redeemable fund units
    	
 
    	
1,417
    	
 
    	
1,274
    
	
Subsidiary preferred shares
    	
 
    	
556
    	
 
    	
503
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
3,543
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
3,331
    


 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT  34

 











 

Preferred Equity

 

Preferred equity is comprised of perpetual preferred shares and represents permanent non-participating equity that provides leverage to our common equity. The shares are categorized by their principal characteristics in the following table:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
Average Rate
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
($ MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
Term
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,

2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,

2015
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,

2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,

2015
    
	
Fixed rate-reset
    	
 
    	
Perpetual
    	
 
    	
4.39%
    	
 
    	
4.63%
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
2,464
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
2,506
    
	
Fixed rate
    	
 
    	
Perpetual
    	
 
    	
4.82%
    	
 
    	
4.82%
    	
 
    	
753
    	
 
    	
753
    
	
Floating rate
    	
 
    	
Perpetual
    	
 
    	
1.98%
    	
 
    	
1.92%
    	
 
    	
515
    	
 
    	
480
    
	
Total
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
4.14%
    	
 
    	
4.32%
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
3,732
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
3,739
    


 

Fixed rate-reset preferred shares are issued with an initial fixed rate coupon that is reset after an initial period, typically between five and seven years, at a pre-determined spread over the Canadian five-year government bond yield. The average reset spread as at September 30, 2016 was 260 basis points.

 

During the quarter we repurchased 57,475 (258,187 year to date) of our fixed rate-reset preferred shares with a face value of $1.4 million ($6.4 million year to date).

 

Non-controlling Interests

 

Non-controlling interests in our consolidated results primarily consist of co-investors interests in Brookfield Property Partners, Brookfield Renewable Partners, Brookfield Infrastructure Partners and Brookfield Business Partners, and their consolidated entities as well as other participating interests in our consolidated listed and unlisted investments as follows:

 

 

	
(MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,

2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,

2015
    
	
Brookfield Property Partners L.P.
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
18,935
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
16,045
    
	
Brookfield Renewable Partners L.P.
    	
 
    	
8,526
    	
 
    	
5,358
    
	
Brookfield Infrastructure Partners L.P.
    	
 
    	
7,020
    	
 
    	
5,591
    
	
Brookfield Business Partners L.P.
    	
 
    	
2,018
    	
 
    	
1,579
    
	
Other participating interests
    	
 
    	
4,456
    	
 
    	
3,347
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
40,955
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
31,920
    


 

 

The increase in non-controlling interests is the result of acquisitions made through private funds in the last nine months, in particular the acquisition of a Colombian hydroelectric portfolio through a private fund and with co-investors, which contributed $2.6 billion of the increase in non-controlling in BEP, as well as the acquisition of self-storage operations, a U.S. retail mall portfolio, and a portfolio of student housing in our opportunistic real estate funds, which are consolidated by BPY, and the acquisition of our North American gas storage operations, a portion of our Australian port operations and toll roads that are consolidated by BIP.

 

Class A Shares

 

Issued and Outstanding Shares

 

Changes in the number of issued and outstanding Class A common shares (“Class A shares”) during the periods are as follows:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Three Months Ended
    	
 
    	
Nine Months Ended
    
	
FOR THE PERIODS ENDED   SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Outstanding at beginning of period
    	
 
    	
959.0
    	
 
    	
960.3
    	
 
    	
961.3
    	
 
    	
928.2
    
	
Issued (repurchased)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Issuances
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
—
    	
 
    	
32.9
    
	
Repurchases
    	
 
    	
(0.1)
    	
 
    	
(4.1)
    	
 
    	
(3.3)
    	
 
    	
(9.0)
    
	
Long-term   share ownership plans1
    	
 
    	
0.3
    	
 
    	
0.8
    	
 
    	
1.1
    	
 
    	
4.8
    
	
Dividend   reinvestment plan and others
    	
 
    	
0.1
    	
 
    	
0.1
    	
 
    	
0.2
    	
 
    	
0.2
    
	
Outstanding at end of period
    	
 
    	
959.3
    	
 
    	
957.1
    	
 
    	
959.3
    	
 
    	
957.1
    
	
Unexercised options and other share-based plans1
    	
 
    	
45.3
    	
 
    	
52.8
    	
 
    	
45.3
    	
 
    	
52.8
    
	
Total diluted shares at end of period
    	
 
    	
1,004.6
    	
 
    	
1,009.9
    	
 
    	
1,004.6
    	
 
    	
1,009.9
    


 

1. Includes management share option plan and restricted stock plan

 

35 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT

 











 

The company holds 27.8 million Class A shares (December 31, 2015 – 26.3 million) purchased by consolidated entities in respect of long-term share ownership programs which have been deducted from the total amount of shares outstanding at the date acquired. Diluted shares outstanding include 5.1 million (December 31, 2015 – 3.7 million) shares issuable in respect of these plans based on the market value of the Class A shares at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, resulting in a net reduction of 22.7 million (December 31, 2015 – 22.6 million) diluted shares outstanding.

 

During the third quarter of 2016, 731,379 options were exercised on a net-settled basis, resulting in the issuance of 198,058 Class A shares and the cancellation of 533,321 vested options.

 

The cash value of unexercised options is $914 million (December 31, 2015 – $828 million) based on the proceeds that would be received on exercise of the options.

 

As of November 11, 2016, the Corporation had outstanding 959,175,460 Class A shares and 85,120 Class B shares.

 

Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share

 

The components of basic and diluted earnings per share are summarized in the following table:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Three Months Ended
    	
 
    	
Nine Months Ended
    
	
FOR THE PERIODS ENDED   SEP. 30

(MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Net income
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1,036
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
289
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1,478
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1,663
    
	
Preferred share dividends
    	
 
    	
(33)
    	
 
    	
(32)
    	
 
    	
(100)
    	
 
    	
(100)
    
	
Net income available to shareholders
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1,003
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
257
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1,378
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1,563
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Weighted average shares
    	
 
    	
959.1
    	
 
    	
958.7
    	
 
    	
959.0
    	
 
    	
946.7
    
	
Dilutive   effect of the conversion of options and escrowed shares using  treasury stock method1
    	
 
    	
18.8
    	
 
    	
25.0
    	
 
    	
17.4
    	
 
    	
28.0
    
	
Shares and share equivalents
    	
 
    	
977.9
    	
 
    	
983.7
    	
 
    	
976.4
    	
 
    	
974.7
    


 

1. Includes management share option plan and escrowed stock plan

 

LIQUIDITY

 

Overview

 

As an asset manager, most of our investment transactions and funding activities occur within our private funds and listed partnerships. We endeavour to structure these entities so that they are self-funding, preferably on an investment grade basis, and in almost all circumstances do not rely on financial support from the Corporation. Our share of capital commitments to private funds are generally funded via our capital in the associated listed partnership, based on investment strategy of each fund. From time to time we will invest additional capital in these listed partnerships through participation in equity issuances or alternatively may sell units on a secondary basis.

 

Our principal sources of short-term liquidity are corporate cash and financial assets together with undrawn committed credit facilities, which we refer to collectively as core liquidity. As at September 30, 2016, core liquidity at the corporate level was $2.9 billion, consisting of $1.2 billion in cash and financial assets, net of deposits and other liabilities, and $1.7 billion in undrawn credit facilities. Aggregate core liquidity includes the core liquidity of our principal subsidiaries, which consist of BPY, BEP, BIP, and BBU, and was $7.0 billion at the end of the period. The majority of the underlying assets and businesses in these asset classes are funded by these entities, and they are expected to fund our ongoing investments in these areas and, accordingly, we include the resources of these entities in assessing our liquidity. We continue to maintain elevated liquidity levels because we continue to pursue a number of attractive investment opportunities. Client commitments in our private funds totalled $18.9 billion at September 30, 2016.

 

The following table presents core liquidity and undrawn capital commitments on a corporate and consolidated basis:

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Corporate
    	
 
    	
Principal Subsidiaries
    	
 
    	
Total
    
	
(MILLIONS)
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,

2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,

2015
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,

2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,

2015
    	
 
    	
Sep. 30,

2016
    	
 
    	
Dec. 31,

2015
    
	
Cash   and financial assets, net
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1,187
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1,018
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
768
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
428
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1,955
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1,446
    
	
Undrawn   committed credit facilities
    	
 
    	
1,746
    	
 
    	
1,673
    	
 
    	
3,310
    	
 
    	
2,533
    	
 
    	
5,056
    	
 
    	
4,206
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
2,933
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
2,691
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
4,078
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
2,961
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
7,011
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
5,652
    


 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT 36











 

Corporate level liquidity is readily available for use without any material tax consequences. We expect to fund Corporate transactions and financial commitments with existing cash and financial asset balances and borrowing under corporate credit facilities. We also have the ability to raise additional liquidity through the issuance of securities and sale of holdings of listed investments in our principal subsidiaries and other holdings including those listed in the table below on this page.

 

Our principal subsidiaries are publicly listed limited partnerships that are able to repatriate cash without the imposition of material tax consequences on the partnerships themselves. As a limited partner, we receive distributions from these subsidiaries, which are not taxable to us. We recognize income taxes based on our share of the partnerships’ taxable income and we record this as part of our tax expense.

 

The majority of our investments in the assets and businesses across our operations are primarily funded by our principal subsidiaries; the underlying liquidity of these assets or businesses will not be repatriated directly to the company. Should the company, through its controlling interest, choose to repatriate this cash, the principal subsidiaries would receive their proportionate share of the cash balance. The company, in turn, would receive a distribution from the principal subsidiaries. Such repatriations would not have any material tax consequences to the Corporation.

 

We hold much of the capital invested by the Corporation in the form of listed equity securities which provides us with an important source of liquidity and ongoing cash distributions. The following table shows the quoted market value of the company’s listed securities and annualized cash distributions, excluding our cash and financial asset portfolio:

 

 

	
AS AT SEP. 30, 2016

(MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER UNIT AMOUNTS)
    	
 
    	
Ownership

%
    	
 
    	
Units
    	
 
    	
Distributions

Per Unit1
    	
 
    	
Quoted

Value2
    	
 
    	
Distributions

(Annualized)
    
	
Brookfield   Property Partners3
    	
 
    	
68.7%
    	
 
    	
487.9
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1.12
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
12,447
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
622
    
	
Brookfield   Renewable Partners
    	
 
    	
61.3%
    	
 
    	
183.4
    	
 
    	
1.78
    	
 
    	
5,642
    	
 
    	
327
    
	
Brookfield   Infrastructure Partners
    	
 
    	
29.6%
    	
 
    	
102.1
    	
 
    	
1.57
    	
 
    	
3,537
    	
 
    	
161
    
	
Brookfield   Business Partners
    	
 
    	
79.3%
    	
 
    	
72.9
    	
 
    	
0.28
    	
 
    	
1,928
    	
 
    	
18
    
	
Norbord
    	
 
    	
40.8%
    	
 
    	
34.9
    	
 
    	
0.30
    	
 
    	
898
    	
 
    	
11
    
	
Acadian   Timber Corp.
    	
 
    	
44.9%
    	
 
    	
7.5
    	
 
    	
0.76
    	
 
    	
104
    	
 
    	
6
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
24,556
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1,145
    
														


 

1. Based on current distribution policies

2. Quoted value using September 30, 2016 public pricing

3. Quoted value includes $1,265 million of preferred shares and distributions includes $76 million of preferred distributions

 

37 BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT









 

REVIEW OF CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 

The following table summarizes the consolidated statements of cash flows within our consolidated financial statements:

 

 

	
 
    	
Three Months Ended
    	
 
    	
Nine   Months Ended
    
	
FOR THE PERIODS ENDED SEP. 30
   (MILLIONS)
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    	
 
    	
2016
    	
 
    	
2015
    
	
Operating   activities
    	
 $
    	
635
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
985
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1,719
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
2,101
    
	
Financing   activities
    	
(119)
    	
 
    	
5,385
    	
 
    	
5,856
    	
 
    	
7,170
    
	
Investing   activities
    	
(182)
    	
 
    	
(6,054)
    	
 
    	
(6,060)
    	
 
    	
(9,119)
    
	
Change   in cash and cash equivalents
    	
 $
    	
334
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
316
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
1,515
    	
 
    	
 $
    	
152
    


 

This statement reflects activities within our consolidated operations and therefore excludes activities within non-consolidated entities such as our equity accounted investment in GGP.

 

Operating Activities

 

Cash flow from operating activities totalled $0.6 billion in the third quarter of 2016, a $350 million decrease from 2015. These cash flows consist of net income, including the amount attributable to co-investors, less non-cash items such as undistributed equity accounted income, fair value changes, depreciation and deferred income taxes, and is adjusted for changes in non-cash working capital. Cash flow from operating activities includes the net amount invested or recovered through the ongoing investment in, and subsequent sale of, residential land, houses and condominiums, which represented an outflow of $342 million in the third quarter of 2016 (2015 – $73 million) and an outlay of $497 million thus far in 2016 (2015 – $130 million). Operating cash flow prior to non-cash working capital and residential inventory was $1,273 million during the third quarter of 2016, which was $372 million higher than 2015 due to the benefits of same-store growth from our existing operations and the contributions from assets acquired over the last twelve months.

 

Financing Activities

 

Financing activities were cash neutral during the three months ended September 30, 2016, as compared to an inflow of $5.4 billion in 2015. Our subsidiaries issued $4.1 billion (2015 – $7.0 billion) and repaid $4.3 billion (2015 – $2.2 billion) of property-specific and subsidiary borrowings, for a net issuance of $0.2 billion (2015 – $4.8 billion) during the quarter. We raised $2.4 billion of capital from our institutional private fund partners and other investors to fund their portion of acquisitions, including the repayment of $1.0 billion of short-term borrowings backed by private fund commitments. Most of the activity related to the acquisition of our Colombian hydroelectric portfolio and acquisitions within our property and infrastructure funds. The corporation issued $377 million of medium-term notes, the proceeds of which were used to repay medium-term notes that came to maturity.

 

Investing Activities

 

During the third quarter of 2016, we invested $2.7 billion and generated proceeds of $2.5 billion from dispositions for net cash deployed in investing activities of $0.2 billion. This compares to net cash investments of $6.0 billion in the third quarter of 2015. We acquired $1.3 billion of consolidated subsidiaries which includes a North American gas storage business and a U.S. retail mall business. Disposition proceeds included over $0.7 billion from the sale of office properties. We continued to acquire financial assets, which represent an outflow of $0.4 billion, relating to investments in debt and equity securities. Investing activities in the prior year included a UK resort operator, a U.S. multifamily portfolio in a property fund and industrial investments in North America in a private equity fund.

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT  38

 











 

PART 5 – ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND INTERNAL CONTROLS

 

Accounting Policies, Judgments and Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements requires management to select appropriate accounting policies and to make judgments and estimates that affect the carried amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual amounts could differ from those estimates.

 

In making judgments and estimates, management relies on external information and observable conditions, where possible, supplemented by internal analysis as required. These estimates have been applied in a manner consistent with that in the prior year and there are no known trends, commitments, events or uncertainties that we believe will materially affect the methodology or assumptions utilized in this report.

 

For further reference on accounting policies, judgments and estimates, see our significant accounting policies contained in Note 2 to the December 31, 2015 consolidated financial statements.

 

Adoption of Accounting Standards

 

The company has applied new and revised standards issued by the IASB that are effective for the period beginning on or after January 1, 2016 as follows:

 

Property, Plant, and Equipment and Intangible Assets

 

IAS 16 Property, Plant, and Equipment (“IAS 16”) and IAS 38 Intangible Assets (“IAS 38”) were amended to clarify the appropriate method of amortization for intangible assets. Amendments to IAS 16 prohibit entities from using a revenue-based depreciation method for items of property, plant, and equipment; the amendments to IAS 38 introduces a rebuttable presumption that revenue is not an appropriate basis for amortization of an intangible asset, with only limited circumstances where the presumption can be rebutted. The company adopted the amendments to IAS 16 and IAS 38 on January 1, 2016, on a prospective basis; the adoption did not have a significant impact on the company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures

 

The amendments to IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements (“IFRS 10”), and IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures (2011) (“IAS 28”) address an acknowledged inconsistency between the requirements in IFRS 10 and those in IAS 28, in dealing with the sale or contribution of assets between an investor and its associate or joint venture. The amendments are effective for transactions occurring in annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2016 with earlier application permitted. The impacts of the amendments to IFRS 10 and IAS 28 on the consolidated financial statements are not significant.

 

Future Changes in Accounting Standards

 

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

 

IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“IFRS 15”) specifies how and when revenue should be recognized as well as requiring more informative and relevant disclosures. This standard supersedes IAS 18 Revenue, IAS 11 Construction Contracts and a number of revenue-related interpretations. Application of the standard is mandatory and it applies to nearly all contracts with customers; the main exceptions are leases, financial instruments and insurance contracts. The IASB has tentatively deferred mandatory adoption of IFRS 15 until periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018 with early application permitted. The company has not yet determined the impact of IFRS 15 on its consolidated financial statements.

 

Financial Instruments

 

In July 2014, the IASB issued the final publication of IFRS 9, Financial Instruments (“IFRS 9”), superseding IAS 39, Financial Instruments. IFRS 9 establishes principles for the financial reporting of financial assets and financial liabilities that will present relevant and useful information to users of financial statements for their assessment of the amounts, timing and uncertainty of an entity’s future cash flows. This new standard also includes a new general hedge accounting standard which will align hedge accounting more closely with risk management. It does not fully change the types of hedging relationships or the requirement to measure and recognize ineffectiveness, however, it will allow more hedging strategies that are used for risk management to qualify for hedge accounting and introduce more judgment to assess the effectiveness of a hedging relationship. The standard has a mandatory effective date for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018 with early adoption permitted. The company has not yet determined the impact of IFRS 9 on its consolidated financial statements.

 

Leases

 

In January 2016, the IASB published a new standard – IFRS 16 Leases (“IFRS 16”). The new standard brings most leases on balance sheets, eliminating the distinction between operating and finance leases. Lessor accounting however remains largely unchanged and the distinction between operating and finance leases is retained. IFRS 16 supersedes IAS 17 Leases and related interpretations and is effective for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019, with earlier adoption permitted if IFRS 15 has also been applied. The company has not yet determined the impact of IFRS 16 on its consolidated financial statements.

 

39  BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT

 











 

MANAGEMENT REPRESENTATIONS AND INTERNAL CONTROLS

 

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

No changes were made in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2016, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

Declarations Under the Dutch Act of Financial Supervision

 

The members of the Corporate Executive Board, as defined in the Dutch Act of Financial Supervision (“Dutch Act”), as required by section 5:25d, paragraph 2, under c of the Dutch Act confirm that to the best of their knowledge:

 

	
·
    	
The consolidated financial   statements included in this interim report give a true and fair view of the   assets, liabilities, financial position, and profit or loss of the company   and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as whole; and
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
·
    	
The management’s discussion   and analysis included in this interim report includes a fair review of the   information required under section 5:25d, paragraph 8 and, as far as   applicable, paragraph 9 of the Dutch Act regarding the company and the   undertakings included in the consolidation taken as whole.
    


 

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND INFORMATION

 

Note: This Report to Shareholders contains “forward-looking information” within the meaning of Canadian provincial securities laws and “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, “safe harbour” provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and in any applicable Canadian securities regulations. Forward-looking statements include statements that are predictive in nature, depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, include statements regarding the operations, business, financial condition, expected financial results, performance, prospects, opportunities, priorities, targets, goals, ongoing objectives, strategies and outlook of the company and its subsidiaries, as well as the outlook for North American and international economies for the current fiscal year and subsequent periods, and include words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates,” “seeks,” “intends,” “targets,” “projects,” “forecasts” or negative versions thereof and other similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “would” and “could.”

 

Although we believe that our anticipated future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements and information are based upon reasonable assumptions and expectations, the reader should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements and information because they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are beyond our control, which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the company to differ materially from anticipated future results, performance or achievement expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements and information.

 

Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated or implied by forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: the impact or unanticipated impact of general economic, political and market factors in the countries in which we do business; the behavior of financial markets, including fluctuations in interest and foreign exchange rates; global equity and capital markets and the availability of equity and debt financing and refinancing within these markets; strategic actions including dispositions; the ability to complete and effectively integrate acquisitions into existing operations and the ability to attain expected benefits; changes in accounting policies and methods used to report financial condition (including uncertainties associated with accounting assumptions and estimates); the effect of applying future accounting changes; business competition; operational and reputational risks; technological change; changes in government regulation and legislation within the countries in which we operate; changes in tax laws, catastrophic events, such as earthquakes and hurricanes; the possible impact of international conflicts and other developments including terrorist acts; and other risks and factors detailed from time to time in our documents filed with the securities regulators in Canada and the United States.

 

We caution that the foregoing list of important factors that may affect future results is not exhaustive. When relying on our forward-looking statements, investors and others should carefully consider the foregoing factors and other uncertainties and potential events. Except as required by law, the company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements or information, whether written or oral, that may be as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

 

Q3 2016 INTERIM REPORT  40