SURVEY OF FEDERALLY-FUNDED ~lARINE MAMMAL

RESEARCH AND STUDIES, FY74 - FY92

George H. Waring

August 1993

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Technical Information Service

PB93-227189
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved

OM8 No. 0704-0188

Public reporting burden tor this collection of Information is estImated to average t hour per response. including the time for reviewing Instructions. searching existing data sources. gathering IJ,nd maintaining the data needed. and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments r~ardln9 this burden estimate or any other aspect of this

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1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 12. REPORT DATE 13. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED

PB93-227189 August 1993

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE S. FUNDING NUMBERS

Survey of Federally-Funded Harine Mammal

Research and Studies·, FY74 - FY92 Contract T94070994

6. AUTHOR(S)

George H. Haring

7. PERFORMING ORGANI2ATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) B. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION

Department of Zoology REPORT NUMBER

Southern Illinois University

Carbondale, Illinois 62901

9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING

U. S. Marine Mammal Commission AGENCY REPORT NUMBER

1825 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Room 512

\'1ashington, DC 20009

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

The data and information contained in this report were given, in final

form, to the involved agencies for review and comment. The agencies

consider the contents of this report to be accurate.

12a. DISTRIBUTION I AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DiSTRIBUTION CODE

Unlimited

13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)

14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES

73

16. PRICE CODE

17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION lB. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITATlON OF ABSTRACT

OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT

Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified Unlimited

NSN 7540-01·280-5500

i

Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89) Prescribea' by ANSI 5td l39-18 298-102
PREFACE

The Marine Mammal Protection Act directs the Marine Mammal Commission, among other

things, to conduct a continuing review of research programs conducted or proposed to be

conducted under the authority of the Act. To help meet this responsibility, the Commission

annually surveys other Federal agencies and the Smithsonian Institution, a trust instrumentality of

the United States, to learn ofresearch or studies they are either supporting or conducting which

bear upon the conservation and protection of marine mammals. Information provided in

response to the annual surveys is summarized in this report.

The summary is an update of previous summaries prepared by the author for the Marine

Mammal Commission (see Table 1). The user of this summary will find the Table of Contents

helpful for locating specific infonnation and for understanding the organization and breadth of the

material provided. The first section is an overview of all Federally-funded research involving

marine mammals. The second section focuses upon research and studies conducted under

authority of the Act. The last section lists all research and study projects identified by the

surveys. Appendix A is a list of publications identified by the agencies as sources (or pending

sources) of marine mammal infonnation resulting from Federally-funded research and studies.

Appendix B lists recent projects beginning with FY90. Comprehensive summaries of research

and studies conducted or supported by Federal agencies and the Smithsonian Institution in fiscal

years 1970 through 1979, and from fiscal years 1980 through 1989, are provided in the

FY70-FY79 and FY70-FY89 reports, respectively (see p. 5).

Agencies vary in their ability to identify and retrieve information on marine mammal

research and studies. Also completeness and accuracy of information provided to the

Commission varies by agency and by year. One problem in this regard is the ability of various

agencies to differentiate between administrative, management, enforcement, and research costs.

Consequently, some of the amounts reported herein may cover activities other than research.

March 20, 1993

11

George H. Waring, PhD

Carbondale, n..
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

PREF ACE 11

LIST OF TABLES v

LIST OF FIGURES vi

LIST OF ACRONYMS vii

I. OVERVIEW OF FEDERAL RESEARCH PROGRAMS 1

Federal Agencies Funding Marine Mammal Research and Studies 2

Reference List of Previous Surveys Compiled by the Author

and Available from the National Technical Information Service 5

Number of Marine Mammal Research Projects Supponed by

Federal Agencies in FY74-FY92 6

Trends in Federal Suppon of Marine Mammal Research

--By Number of Projects Supported, FY74-FY92 7

--By Agency, FY76-FY92 8

--By Geographical Region, FY76-FY92 9

--By Taxonomic Group, FY76-FY92 10

--By Research Issue, FY76-FY92 12

II. RESEARCH AND STUDIES UNDER AUTHORITY OF THE

MARINE MAMMAL PROTECTION ACT OF 1972, AS AMENDED 17

Research Responsibilities of Federal Agencies

Under the Act 18

Federal Funding Authorized, Requested, and

Appropriated Under the Act. 20

Funds Expended on Marine Mammal Research Other Than

Appropriated Under Authority of the Act by the

National Marine Fisheries Service and the Fish and

Wildlife Service, FY74-FY92 22

III
Funds Expended on Marine Mammal Research by the

National Marine Fisheries Service and the Fish and

Wildlife Service, FY74-FY92 23

Number of Persounel Assigned to Marine Mammal

Administration and Research Activities in the National

Marine Fisheries Service and the Fish and Wildlife

Service, FY74-FY92 24

APPENDIX A

Published Sources of Marine Mammal Information

From Federally-Funded Research and Studies 25

APPENDIX B

Defense 40

Energy 44

Commerce 30

--Department of

--Department of

--Department of

--Department of

Listing of Marine Mammal Research and Study Projects,

Principal Investigators, and Funding Levels for FY90-FY92 29

Agriculture 30

--Department of Health and Human Services 44

--Department of the Interior 46

--Department of State 57

--Environmental Protection Agency 57

--Marine Mammal Commission 58

--National Aeronautics and Space Administration 63

--National Science Foundation 63

--Smithsonian Institution 66

iv
Table

LIST OF TABLES

Page

1. Reference list of previous surveys compiled by the

author and available from the National Technical

Information Service 5

2. Number of marine mammal research projects supported by

Federal agencies in FY74-FY92 6

3. Federal funding of marine mammal research 8

4. Regionally oriented marine mammal research in waters

adjacent to the United States 9

5. Taxonomic summary of Federally-funded marine mammal research 10

6. Federal funding of marine mammal research by research issue 12

7. Federal funding under the Marine Mammal Protection Act... 20

8. Funds expended on marine mammal research other than

those appropriated under authority of the Marine Mammal

Protection Act 22

9. Number of personnel assigned to marine mammal activities

in the National Marine Fisheries Service and the

Fish and Wildlife Service, FY74-FY92 24

v
Figure

LIST OF FIGURES

Page

1. Trends in Federal support of marine mammal research:

Total number of marine mammal projects reported

to the Marine Mammal Commission, FY74-FY92 7

2. Funds expended on marine mammal research by the

National Marine Fisheries Service and the Fish

and Wildlife Service, FY74-FY92 23

VI
Acronvm

AFSC

AFWRC

DOC

DOD

DOE

DHHS

DOl

DOS

DWRC

EPA

FWS

FY

IWC

MMC

MMPA

MMS

NASA

NCCOSC

NEFSC

NERC

NFWL

Nlli

NMFS

NM:ML

NOAA

NOSC

NOPPO

NPFMC

NPS

NSF

NSGCP

NWFSC

OCRM

OCS

OCSEAP

ORCA

OMA

SEFSC

SI

SVlFSC

TQ

USAF

USDA

USGS

LIST OF ACRONYMS

Definition

Alaska Fisheries Science Center

Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center

Department of Commerce

Department ofDefense

Department ofEnergy

Department ofHealth and Human Services

Department of the Interior

Department of State

Denver Wildlife Research Center

Environmental Protection Agency

Fish and Wildlife Service

Fiscal Year

International Whaling Commission

Marine Mammal Commission

Marine Mammal Protection Act

Minerals Management Service

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Naval Command, Control, & Ocean Surveillance Center (formerly NOCS)

Northeast Fisheries Science Center

National Ecology Reseach Center

National Fish and Wildlife Laboratory

National Institutes of Health

National Marine Fisheries Service

National Marine Mammal Laboratory

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Naval Ocean Systems Center (now NCCOSC)

National Ocean Pollution Program Office

North Pacific Fisheries Management Council

National Park Service

National Science Foundation

National Sea Grant College Program

Northwest Fisheries Science Center

Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management

Outer Continental Shelf

Outer Continental ShelfEnvironmental Assessment Program

Office of Ocean Resources Conservation and Assessment

Office of Oceanography and Marine Assessment (now ORCA)

Southeast Fisheries Science Center

Smithsonian Institution

Southwest Fisheries Science Center

Transition Quarter (July-September 1976)

U.S. Air Force

U.S. Department of Agriculture

U.S. Geological Survey

VlI
1

I. OVERVIEW OF FEDERAL RESEARCH PROGRAMS

INVOLVING MARINE MAMMALS

Fourteen department-level Federal agencies reported funding marine

mammal research and studies from FY74 through FY92. Often more than one

agency within the larger departments funded research. Some agencies funded

projects in all years, whereas others supported research or studies during only

part of the period. The Department of Transportation (i.e., Coast Guard) and

the Veterans Adrriinistration gave support to a few projects early in the period;

but since no further support has occurred in the past decade, those agencies are

no longer included in this survey. The following section in this chapter

reviews the types of studies that have been supported by agencies that have

funded marine mammal research during at least four ofthe preceding ten years.

Table 1 lists previous survey info=ation on Federally-funded marine mammal

research and studies which is available through the National Technical

Info=ation Service.

The average annual number of projec.ts funded with Federal monies

during the period FY74-FY92 was 150.2 (Table 2). The trends of these data

are depicted in Figure 1. Data for 1976 include the 12-month fiscal year plus a

transition quarter (TQ76 =July through September 1976) when the first day of

the Federal fiscal year was shifted from 1 July to I October. Total funds

reported expended by each agency annually for marine mammal research and

studies are shown in Table 3. Funding by geographical region, taxonomic

group, and research issue are listed in Tables 4, 5, and 6, respectively.
2

FEDERAL AGENCIES FUNDING MARINE MAMMAL

RESEARCH AND STUDIES

Department of Agriculture (USDA)

The Department of Agriculture has conducted studies associated with marine mammal

health, environmental damage assessment, and economic interrelationships. These studies have

included the San Miguel sea lion virus, investigations of epizootics, and natural resource planning.

Department of Commerce (DOC)

The Department of Commerce, through the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS),

conducts marine mammal and fisheries research with emphasis on resource surveys, basic biology,

ecological interactions, and resource management for use in conserving living marine resources.

For example, recent NMFS research programs have included Eastern Tropical Pacific

mna/porpoise interactions and the recovery of North Pacific fur seals, Steller sea lions, Hawaiian

monk seals, and endangered whales. The cetaceans and pinnipeds (exclusive of the walrus) are

among the responsibilities of this department. Research funding is heavily committed to

assessment of marine mammal populations and any impacts associated with fisheries and other

human activities. More recently, support for smdys to determine the causes of unusual marine

mammal mortality events have also been supported as well as a national marine mammal tissue

banking program. Other units within the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

(NOAA) have supported studies on marine mammals, including the National Ocean Pollution

Program Office (NOPPO), the National Sea Grant College Program (NSGCP), the Office of

Ocean and Coastal Resource Management (OCRM), and the Office of Ocean Resources

Conservation and Assessment (ORCA) [formerly called the Office of Oceanography and Marine

Assessment (OMA)]. Additionally, the North Pacific Fisheries Management Council (NPFMC)

has supported studies. The former Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program

(OCSEAP), managed by NOAA/ORCA, was responsible for part of the Alaska OCS research.

OCSEAP was created through interagency agreeme,nt between NOAA and the Minerals

Management Service (MMS); project funding came from MMS.

Department of Defense (DOD)

The Department of Defense conducts marine mammal research through the Headquarters

Space Division of the Air Force, the Army Corps of Engineers, and for Navy -- the Naval

Command, Control, and Ocean Surveillance Center and the Office of Naval Research. DOD

research varies from basic environmental impact studies to applied military research to monitoring

abundance and distribution of marine mammals at military facilities and bases. Differentiating

marine mammals from military targets, furthering the understanding of the undersea environment,

and the utilization of marine mammals with specific behavioral traits for applied research are the

major thrusts of the Navy program; studies on behavior modification, health and husbandry,

bioacoustics, cognition and memory, as well as sensory perception are supported.
3

Department of Energy (DOE)

The Department of Energy occasionally supports marine mammal research. Studies have

focused primarily on, energy flow in aquatic ecosystems and on problems associated with

monitoring marine mammals.

Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)

The Department of Health and Human Services, through the National Institutes of Health,

funds some research on marine mammals; the research is basically oriented toward understanding

mammalian morphology, genetics, physiology, and health (including disease processes).

Department of the Interior (DOl)

The Department of the Interior, through the Minerals Management Service (MMS),

supports environmental assessment studies involving the effects of outer continental shelf (OCS)

development on marine mammals and their habitats. Special studies on the effects of oil spills,

noise, and other variables associated with oil and gas activities are also supported. The Fish and

Wildlife Service (FWS) supports management related research on the biology, population

dynamics, and ecology of walrus, sea otter, polar bear, and sirenians (manatees and dugong). The

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has conducted research on marine mammal paleontology, and the

National Park Service (NPS) supports some marine mammal studies relative to national park,

seashore, and monument development and management.

Department of State (DOS)

The Department of State supports studies to compile and evaluate information on Antarctic

and other treaty negotiations that may have a bearing on marine mammals and other marine species.

Funds are also provided to further cetacean-related research of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna

Commission, the International Whaling Commission, the National Academy of Sciences, the

Marine Mammal Commission, and other organizations.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

The Environmental Protection Agency supports marine mammal research through the study

and monitoring of pollutant levels in coastal and pelagic marine organisms and assisting efforts to

study causes of marine rnamrnal die-off events.

Marine Mammal Commission (MMC)

The Marine Mammal Commission supports research and studies pertammg to the

conservation and protection of marine mammals to improve the operation of the Marine Mammal

Protection Act. Policy studies; methodological research; information overviews; issue-specific

research on population assessment, critical habitats, taking, man-induced hazards, ecological interrelationships, and socio-economic/legal aspects of marine mammal conservation; and reviews of

agency actions and research under the Act are integrated into the directed research program of the

Commission.
4

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration supports research on marine mammal

assessment and monitoring, especially for the manatees utilizing the environment of the Kennedy

Space Center.

National Science Foundation (NSF)

Through its various divisions, the National Science Foundation supports marine mammal

research, although there is no directed effort on marine mammals per se. Some studies of Antarctic

marine mammals have been supported through this agency in accordance with the Antarctic Treaty.

Smithsonian Institution (SI)

The Smithsonian Institution, a trust instrumentality of the United States, supports marine

mammal research on evolutionary and general biology, including a salvage program and national

cetacean stranding data base, through the Department of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of

Paleobiology ofthe Museum of Natural History and the National Zoological Park.
5

TABLE 1

Reference list of previous surveys compiled by the author

and available from the National Technical Information Service

Survey of Federally-Funded Marine Mammal Research and Studies, FY70-FY79. Publication PB81-174336,

National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia. 235 p. (1981)

Survey of Federally-Funded Marine Mammal Research and Studies, FY70-FY80. Publication PB81-242059,

National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia. 43 p. (1981)

Survey of Federally-Funded Marine Mammal Research and Studies, FY70-FY81. Publication PB82-227570,

National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia. 65 p. (1982)

Survey of Federally-Funded Marine Mammal Research and Studies, FY70-FY82. Publication PB83-262998,

National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia. 83 p. (1983)

Survey of Federally-Funded Marine Mammal Research and Studies, FY70-FY83. Publication PB84-215086,

National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia. 84 p. (1984)

Survey of Federally-Funded Marine Mammal Research and Studies, FY70-FY84. Publication PB85-225613,

National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia. 99 p. (1985)

Survey ofFederally-Funded Marine Mammal Research and Studies, FY70-FY85. Publication PB86-235637,

National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia. 108 p. (1986)

Survey of Federally-Funded Marine Mammal Research and Studies, FY70-FY86. Publication PB87-217386,

National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia. 120 p. (1987)

Survey of Federally-Funded Marine Mammal Research and Studies, FY70-FY87. Publication PB88-212782,

National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia. 133 p. (1988)

Survey of Federally-Funded Marine Mammal Research and Studies, FY70-FY88. Publication PB90-104050,

National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia. 143 p. (1989)

Survey ofFederally-Funded Marine Mammal Research and Studies, FY70-FY89. Publication PB90-272097,

National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia. 154 p. (1990)

Survey of Federally-Funded Marine Mammal Research and Studies, FY70-FY90. Publication PB91-212217,

National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia. 44 p. (1991)

Survey of Federally-Funded Marine Mammal Research and Studies, FY70-FY91. Publication PB92-190222,

National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia. 56 p. (1992)
TABLE 2

NUMBER OF MARINE MAMMAL RESEARCH PROJECTS SUPPORTED BY FEDERAL AGENCIES IN FV74-FY92

FY74 FY75 FY76 Fyn FY78 FY79 FYBO FYBl FYB2 FYB3 FY84 FYB5 FY86 FY87 FY88 FYB9 FY90 FY91 FY92

Departmont of Agrlculluro

Department 01 Commerce

Naliona! Mallno Fisheries Service

Nallonal Ocoan PolluHon Program Dfllce

NaUonal Sea Giant

NOAAJOCSEAP (soe below)

North PaclUc FlshO/)' Management Councll

OCean and Coaslal Resource Management

OCean Resources ConservaUon and Assessment

Department 01 Delense

All FOlce

A.my

Na al OCean Surveillance Center (NCeOSC)

Na al Research laboratory

OfUce 01 Na....al Research

Depal1monl of Enorgy

Department 01 Hoalth and Human Sorvlces

Dopartment of the Inferior

FIsh and Wlkllilo Service

Geological Survey

Minerals Management ser....lce

MMSlNOAAJOCSEAP

NaUonal Park service

Departmenl of Stale

En....lronmenlal Prolectlon Agency

Marine Mammal Commission

National Aeronautics and Space Admlnlslratlon

Nallonal Science Foundation

Smllhsonlan InslilUllon

TOTAL:

2

"

4

16

10

20

15

14

12

4

'"

,

2

,

6

26

20

1

3

1

32

7

4

122

9

7

6

17

27

4

16

2

30

10

2

133

13

14

7

2

13

40

1

,

11

3

29

2

10

2

151

14

2

17

7

2

12

43

1

4

11

5

2

34

2

B

2

166

2

14

2

1

'.

B

1

11

B

52

1

7

6

2

7

11

2

137

34

2

1

2

9

•

9

44

1

12

6

2

21

14

2

171

4

31

2

1

2

6

7

11

33

1

,

7

4

2

16

•

2

14'

25

1

4

2

B

6

12

27

1

10

9

3

2

15

10

3

140

31

3

1

6

2

7

4

9

29

1

9

B

3

2

13

11

3

142

"

2

I

4

1

2

B

4

•

22

1

12

6

3

2

30

10

3

145

29

I

4

5

1

2

12

3

11

17

12

3

2

32

12

3

150

34

9

1

2

13

3

•

21

13

4

3

3

20

3

12

5

156

9

2.

B

1

2

13

11

9

20

26

2

3

3

25

2

'0

3

In

7

32

12

•

13

19

13

1

2

2

25

•

140

35

12

•

16

22

24

1

6

3

2

16

,

158

40

13

22

26

2

2

3

2

1B

2

12

162

58

2

1

1

7

10

,.

2B

1

6

3

4

24

2

11

17'

37

2

1

B

,

16

23

10

3

4

23

2

11

157

0)
7

FIGUREl

TRENDS IN FEDERAL SUPPORT OF MARINE MAMMAL RESEARCH

Total Number of Marine Mammal Projects Reponed to the

Marine Mammal Commission, FY74-FY92

til 180 -

0

Q.l .-0

C. '"" 160

-0

'""Q.l

.c 140

E

:l

Z 120

(1l

-0

I100

74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92

Fiscal Y.ear
TABLE ,]

FEDERAL FUNDING OF MARINE MAMMAL RESEARCH·

(ThousandS of DoMal'll

FY76 FY77 fY78 FY79 FY80 FY81 FY82 FY83 FY" FY85 FY" FY87 FY" FY89 FY90 FY91 FYo>

Depal1mtnt of Agrlcullur. 209 84.7

160 200

25

32.3 47.3

7010.6 11925.1

co

1565

244.4

248.5

"5

576.9

105.5

1$366.7

1324.4

173.9 106.7

247.9

979 864

1421.5

15

55

1009

2128

4601.4

1678,3

"15

55

"82

4482.9

1483.8

1089.1

145

15

58.5

70

2094

735.2

4852.9

1284.2

21.4

70

58.5

483.8

185.1

55

852.1

4628.7

2004.5

5021

20

66...(

81.9

59

15.5

1699

407.6

1052.8 '"

'.5

224

79.6

5

"

4077

1708 1806

46.7

11.5

35.9

123.6

195.2

""

4050.7

25

20'

30

10

56.6

SO

1524

899.2

3896.4

79.2

20

35.1

28.9

67

1729

302.6

755.8

4531.6

59.7

972

30

15

122

1979

4628

802.5

5126.7

"

..

717"

20

538.4

'".

4425.9

772

80

545

'"

..(9.7

3603.2

781

718

80

'"

25.8

2313.8

""

28

19.8

260.1

1078.5

1456...(

D&pal1m,nt 01 OGlln,..

Air FOtce

Arm~

Nayal OCtan SurvelllancI Conler (NCCOSCj

Naval R,serach Labotatory

Office 01 Naval R,,,arch

DGpartment of Entrg~

D&partmtnt 01 HeaMh and Human Services

OGpartmtnt 01 CommilOll

Nallonal MalIn. Flsh.,1If5 SIlVIe.

Nallonal OCean Po.unon Ptogram Ollie.

Nallonal Sila Grant Program

North Paclfle Flsltlry Mgmt. Council

OCtan and Coa,'al ResoutOll Mgmt.

OCoanograplt~ and Marin. A,,,"smlnt

[)opartm.nl ollh. Int"lot

Fish and Wl1dUl. SilrvlOll

Goologlcal Surwy

Mln.ral. Managtmtnl servlc.

Nallona' Paf!( S.rvlelf

."

2().46.04

17.2

933

31.2

2242

16.5

1042.7

30.5

2519.8

8..(8

1452.5

20

7457.3

,,(5.8

1418.9

,,(5.5

6173.2

"

1127.2

79.6

3507.2

376.9

1221

62.8

3830.6

22'

12G1.2

4275.9"

300.'

1007.7

71

3595.9

235

936.1

3140.7

1542.3

2698.3

17.5

23-49.4

1695.9

39.5

24986

3025.4

27

3367.6

52289

86.2

3007.9

3462.9

80

3648.5

3088.1

"

30"

2712.8

1300

DGpaltm.nlofSlal. 51 800 592.9 719.4 644.6 540.6 709.4 795.6 BS9.4 ".. 913.8 '292 11485 1235.2 1488.9

EnylfOnfTllfntal ProtlfC1lon Ag.nc~ '.5 175 100 212.2 9$.2

Marin. Mammal Commission 561.7 420.3 376.1 152.6 358.7 134.7 84.1 204.9 298.7 197.7 " 100.5 102.6 10-U 92.7 942 250.9

National A.ronlluUca .nd Space Admin.

'" 80 65 12 1043.3 10 '.7 1.. " • flU 17.5 16.5

National Sclenc' Foundation 690.04 718.9 33U 479.3 677.6 574.5 560.6 503 S9U 729.8 &20.5 757.6 60304 901.8 820.9 858.3 939.7

SmMhsonlan Instllutlon 102 106.1 101.1 133...( 1..(2.8 152.3 148.8 170.4 207.5 212.5 222.5 212 150 161.2 165 169 144.4

TOTAL 7,7<48.5 8,850.6 10,065.1 16,61>\6 17,984.5 14,0449 f3,0478.7 14,188.04 13,425.2 14,04<45.6 14,0423.3 15,346.4 16,565.8 21,5.47.<4 18,669.3 204,104.04 29,955.4

'Fundlng tolall provldKl on lhls lable relilet tol.1 annual pro/let co.l. Idtntlflod In Appendix B as ~rted by Nch .g.nc~.

"',±jli2!::~;'/:0Y~"y C::*',_'i,",'"'~
TABLE 4

REGIONAllY ORIENTED MARINE MAMMAL RESEARCH IN WATERS ADJACENT TO THE UNITED STATEs'

(Thousands 01 Dollars; Number of Projecls Shown In Parontheses)

Geographical RegIon FY77 FY78 FY79 FY80 FY81 FY82 FY83 FYB4 FY85 FY86 FY87 FY88 FY89 FY90 FY91 FY92

HawaII 102.6 118.2 71.4 411.1 114.B 130 481.7 302.5 360.8 332.9 3. 1.5 429 4B7.6 747

(8) (6) (2) (11) (2) (2) (4) (3) (3) (4) (1) (3) (1) (4) (4) (3)

Alaska 2861.7 3336.8 3746.7 5407.4 3992.1 4949.4 4367.5 4960.2 4708 3787.5 4294 2827.5 5776.2 5612.9 8462.6 7714.8

(39) (46) (17) (34) (29) (31) (30) (25) (28) (31) (39) (23) (34) (33) (49) (43)

OrogonlWashlnglon 43.5 60.3 68 229.9 234.5 73.6 165.3 23.2 1524.2 1520.2 68.6 37

(2) (4) (2) (2) (5) (4) (4) (I) (1) (~) (3) (2) (2) (3)

Call/ornla 1132 317.2 1675.2 3234.9 862.3 1160.7 1693.9 1491.9 1505 1040.2 1066.8 1418.5 1318.8 1550.7 2443.7 3123.1

(11) (12) (11) (19) (13) (17) (25) (32) (24) (23) (19) (12) (8) (8) (10) (13)

Gulr 01 Mexico 2.4 144.3 200 330.8 275.5 20 238.5 15 168.1 62 154.2 248.1 897.8 3353.3 (0

(2) (1) (I) (2) (3) (I) (3) (1) (1) (1) (4) (4) (4) (6) (4)

FlorIda 171.2 269 656.3 858.2 306.8 429.8 610.6 384.8 622 295.6 573.9 242.5 504.2 560.9 659.5 1327.7

(10) (12) (4) (21) (9) (8) (12) (8) (10) (10) (16) (18) (12) (11 ) (9) (8)

Mld·A1Ianlic Slale~ 199.9 200 293.3 4 2.6 1.5 669.6 455.9 725.8 544.7 520.6 437

(GA, $C, NC, VAl (1) (2) (1) (4) (1) (1) (5) (6) (5) (6) (7) (6)

NE Coaslal Slalos 29.3 1484 2762.9 292.7 1025.1 170 145.2 141.3 311.1 642.8 141.6 334.5 438 661 2873.2 883.1

(3) (4) (1) (14) (8) (6) (10) (7) (11) (IS) (11 ) (9) (13) (17) (26) (9)

·Note .. Many marina mammal proJocts reflected In the dala on Table 3 were nol regionally orlenled and thus are nol listed on thIs lable.
TABLE 6

TAXONOMIC SUMMARY OF fEDERAllY-FUNDED MARINE MAMMAL RESEARCH

[fhouunds 01 DolIII"I)

FY78 FY77 FY78 FY79 'V60 FY81 FY82 FY83 'Va< FY85 'vas FY87 ,vas FY89 'V90 FY91 FY92

Slr.nll (.....n.t... Ind Dugong)

Departmenl 01 Agrlcultur.

Departmenlof Commerce

Deparlment ol Def.nM .. 122

Departmenlol En.,gy

O&pl. Health and Human Setvkloos

Oeparlmenl 01 Ihe Inlarlor 113,8 1902 267.1 580.5 328.7 35. '53 391.6 2768 284,1 "" 35" 396,4 402.6 419,8 437.2 739.3

Department 01 Slata

Environmental PloI8CI10n Agency

Maline Mammal Commission 0.' '0' 2.5

" 1.5 5 2 41.4 35 0.' • '.5

NASA 50 15 10 " I.' 62 6 19.1 17.5 16.5

Nallonal Selence FoundaUon 46.5 .. 50

SmithSonian InsUlullon

CATEGORY TOTAL 173.8 240.2 282.9 624.5 559.7 404.5 35' 394.1 281.3 295.6 331.7 393.1 ... 444.6 "39.7 "58.7 8tO.3

Carnivora (Poln Slir Ind S.. Olter)

Departmllnl 01 Agllculture 22.2

Departmenl 01 Commerce 59.7 71 5.1 6.1 10

Departmenl 01 DerenM

Department 01 Ener9Y

" 30 30 30 20 25Ollpl. Health and Human Se"'looo,

O&p.arlrnenl oIlho Inlorlo, 629.3 587.3 717.7 609.' '" 639.2

'" 1096.7 1156.3 1303.7 1332,4 18834 19958 2935 24576 3148.2 2435.7

Departmenl 01 Slate -'-

Envlronmenlal Prol8CI10n Agency 75 50 60 0

Marina Mammal Commission 103,2 "0.6 "9,9 18 56 31.8 67 33.3 2 7.5 , NASA "

Nallonal Sel,nce Foundallon 22,6 36.3 1"9.5 .. .. .. 174.3 122.4

Smithsonian InsllluUon

CATEGORY TOTAL 760,5 657.9 797.6 891.7 855.3 70·t5 944.6 1128.5 1223.3 1492.6 1342." 1929." 2039.8 3004.5 2507.6 3405,5 2572.1

Plnnlpadl. (SIIII, S.. L1ona, Wllrua)

D9p.arlmenl or Agrlcultu'e 200

Department 01 Commerce 760.5 783.8 858.7 956.7 145".7 940.2 1081.4 1188.8 1269.4 1650.7 1169 49.8 221,1 35.6 150U 2022.7 "056.2

Department 01 DetenH '" '74 325 "6 353 149.2 50 72.9 68.5 179.9 233.3 '44 26<.' 502 173,9 10& , 184.4

Departmenlol Enet9Y 70 70

Dopt, Health and Human Setvlaoo!l 116.2 141.3 76.6 43.5 51." 38.4 57 51.8 162.2 143.9 2595 227.5 '" 72.1

Departmant of ltJe Intllllor 684.6 763.5 ..... 58' "67.7 541.9 385.1 ". 49.(.8 75 170.2 639' >.29.1 161.2 267.9 367.8 1140.6

Department 01 Slal4l

Envlronmtnlal Prol8C1lon Agency 50 25

Matlne Mammal Commission 54.3 64.8 33.7 59.1 106 .. 12 159.1 12.5 32.8 87 17 35 7 14.7 17 11.3

NASA

Nallonal Selence Foundation 268.' 131.1 141.5 243,2 240.7 292.' 359.1 330.' 420.7 350.7 307.3 354.' 339.' 225 258.4 213,8 480.9

Smllhoonlan InsUlullon 59:.2 58.1

" H.4 11.8 22.4 -42,5 -42.5 76,5 58

CATEGORY TOTAL 2090.1 2214.6 2068.5 2418 2665.6 2031 1937.8 20041.6 2308.4 2388.6 2086.11 1694,8 1201.9 1190.3 24H.2 2958 5970.5
TADlE Ii (eomlnulld)

TAXONOMfC SUMMARY OF FEDERAlLY·FUNDED MARINE MAMMAL RESEARCH

FY76 FY77 FY78 FY79 mo FY81 FY82 FY83 FV" FY85 FV88 FY87 FVas FY89 FV90 FV91 FV92

Catae.a (Whalaa and Porpoill')

Department 01 AgrlcuUure "".6

~r1rTlllnt 01 COmrTllltco 709.7 1555.8 2794.2 33263 35428 3118 2304.2 2037 2421.7 2540.7 2935 2376.7 22575 2705.5 3111.3 3342.8 7267

Depar1mllnl 01 Dllfense 263.1 527

'" 746.4 1583.8 1485.6 1355 1522.3 1218 1566,2 1973.5 2532.1 25659 2860 1139 1('" 2300

O&par1rTlllnt of Enetgy

Dept Heallh and Human Servilloos 114.3 144.6 149.6 74.1 167.1 483." 229.' 146.9 1624 224 '" 86,S 97,3 108.9

Oep.artmonl 01 the Inlellor 126.2 253.4 278 2937.5 2239.8 1910,4 2580.9 1905.6 2354.2 2888-6 1668.6 932.1 1372.7 21935 24562 1760.2 2517.8

()Qpartmen\ 01 Slalo SOO 592.9 719,4 644.6 540.6 709" 795.6 880 919.3 911.1 9261 1146.7 1234 1486.9

Envlronmenlal Proll1C1lon Agency 100 SO 82.2 71.2

Marlno Mammal Commission 262.' 124.9 169.7 81 133.7 34.4 " 5

" ,. 39.8 301.2 27.7 '.5 23 30.3 61."

NASA 143.3

National Sclonco FoundaUon 275.2 213,1 183.1 187.9 380.' 235.7 158.3 162.6 221.3 101.1 " 200 200 510.8 ... 403.7 22·U

Smllhsonlan InsliMlon "2.8

CATEGORY TOTAL 1794.1 2818.8 4000.8 7853,2 8$409 8154.8 7300.9 "'" 71SO 7988.6 7539.9 7261." 7419.6 9186.9 8467.5 8026.1 13931.2

Mlllld Spacll. or Oanltal Studll.

~rtmenl of Ag/lcuttur. 9 17.9

DepartrTlllnt of COmmolca , 2fO.9 2"5.1 "'., 635." 1042,6 551.5 1050.8 776.2 2586." 1668.5 2075.3 2565.8 B606.' 5149

Ot;par1mlnl of OolonM 211 331 20. "3 520 '" "3 '" .50 '" 340 "".. 690 '30 247.9 "... Depar1menlof Enlrgy SO SO

Dopl. Health and Human SoMooos '" "95.1 622.4 242.1 391.9 2" 630.' 537.5 "&&.6 973-4 800.3 573 ....5 1332.3 1096.7 1037.5 SO<.8

Oep.arlmoni of tho Inlo/Ior 1382.7 '''28.3 173M 3999.5 3945,9 1654.3 1091.7 2200.6 624.4 740." 842.9 279.9 ''''' 2987." 746.6 1089.2 213."

Depanmenlof Siall 51 ••• 7.3 2.3 3.1 1.8 1.2

Envlronmanlal Ptotocllon Agoney

Marlnl Mammll Commission 1.41..4 190 122 12.5 10 26.3 38.5 '.5 151.7 56.1 3l.5 27.3 30 .49.8 542 39.9 159.7

NASA SO

Nallonal Science FoundaUon 1-46.9 37.4.7 29.6 25.6 19.8 .43.2 10 49.9 128.5 176,2 159.1 80 122 118.5 66.5 61.5

Smlth$OnJan Inslf1ullon SO 56.1 88 '''2,8 152.3 137 ". "5 170 ". 15< 150 161.2 "5 '" 1.44..4

CATEGORY TOTAL 2736 2919.1 2915.5 .4908.6 5275.5 3203.7 2899.7 -4263.2 2"59.1 3445,2 3122.5 "3-47.6 5041.3 7&&1.1 47-48.6 9258.1 6671.3
TA8LE.

I"£OERAL FUNDING OF MARINE MAMMAL RESEARCH BY RESEARCH ISSUE' ..

IThouurdt of 001....)

SPECIAL RESEARCH FUNOlIIG UHe

ISSUE ",n FV7. FV7. m. "''' "'u "'03 "'M "''' "'.. "'07 "'.. "'.. "'00 "'01 "''' AGENCY TOTAL

TUI"IWPorpoIH:

Popull.on A""UTl4M'It 5111.5 52U 462.1 1111U '" <0, '70 501.3 US.II ...., 10111,11 100' 1025.4 111112 "" 1030.11 NUl" 11()'(,U

, • I.' 1.3 N,,", '.1

... 592.9 «187.1 ...., 1173.11 IH3.11 702

'" 111.(.3 1111.1 lUU 113U 1225.11 1.(430 00' I HI02.3

IolOl1lllfyR~e.OI'I "'.• 487.11 51209 433.1 303.11

" ,0.0 13514 NIolFS 34411.1

117.4 sa 17 N,,", 00

1l7.1 NSF 01-1

<0 No" <0

Ana""*lt or Taking 11111.11 3111.1 "'., ~1l.1l 2411.7 320.7 '" IIIU 179.3 134.7 1&5.1 las.l NUl" 2843.1

~- 138.1 :!20.' 705.3 m .• 4302 318-3 331

"" 319.2 2&U 303.5 3111.11 300.1 5112.7 1lO2.ll

'" NLIF' 11186.7

12.5 10 N,,", 22.'

31.11 NSF 3U

Inlam_Uonl' Whaling Comml"lon:

As~llm«lt ol SlOdll wxl TlkIng ---'2.1 --"> 340.5

'" -----lM ---A:iI ----lli. -----ll3. NIAF' "".3

33.' 111.11 70.' " HI.l 3 NNe "".3

.. NSF .. 32.3 35.4 35.3 35.5 33.' 7 , '.3 '.3 •., <0 00' "'.• "'Irina Nlmmllll'llhll1u COnnlcla:

Sou1hem Oelllan KrIM 14.5 • 10 411.2 NNe n.7

" 00'

25,& NSF 25.6" ..... AnF~Aorl~lrn~.~~ 25.& 41l.7 .. " " 311.2 711.& 4U 21.4 NSGCP "'.3 I\)

".3 .. 32.' 10

" 3 N,,", 115-2

70 "".• 3411.11 ".., 22... :l21.1 701 ".. 1101,8 772.11 1255.7 21100.1 111113 NIAF' N'ill.2

stMU AlhIS.1 0tI~ 1rrI~I~Of'll • '.1 '.1 NSGCP 11.2

.. ------'1 142.5 253.1l 2421 ".. "'.. "'... FW' 12311.11

142.4 NIolFS 142.4

10 OCRN 10

An AlhICWlt:CIln IntIIII'IellOOII 10 NPFIolC 10 , 14.1 3 NNC 24.1

.. 718.8 337 NUl" 1123.8

lneldlllnt&l Taking 10 12 M.' ".. 11 • " NNC 144.1

-----" 14./1 " 121.3 71.5 HI5.11 " "07 14117.1 NUl" 5003.11 , NPFIolC , '" HOPPO EIl.cII 01 OU _nit 0 .. Olvtlopm.nl '" on Iollrlnl .hmmlll:

PhylJoI~&l SlUclH .. " 10117.1 394.1 111.8 13110,3 2445,5 1150.1 221.1l 115.5 134,1 NN' 7675.7

,.• , NNe .. 7S 100 100

" EPA 300

Ailll AnIlylJl 184.4 51.1 1l17.S IIn.5 4011.5 454.2 047.2 "'. ....7 13&3.5 1672.11 MM' 8407.1

3.3 ••• ••• 7.' 1.1 NNe 24.7

1l23.1 sao '" FW' 241111

" so NPS 00

1171.3 32 438,6 NUl" 1148.11
TABLE $ (c~rJJIdJ

F~.l Fundng 01 "'.Ilnt "'1UMIa1 R....fch by AHtarch l..uII

SPECIAl RESEARCH ruNO... U"E ISSUE rvn m. rv" m. rv" rvu rv" rvM rv60 m. rv47 rv.. rv" m. rvO! rv" AGENCY TOTAL

MItIM lbmmll Str.ndlng.:

BloIoglClll Skid..

" • I.e 10.5 7.' 32 12.4 , """ 00'

-..ll.i-.lU ----.l> --21.l--Z:i--3ll:-----3!J.~~-------.35-----3:a-----3:a_____£l ---"- 51 421.5

3.' 20 30 :U.5 24.11 , 131.$ '20 """S 3$3.2

10.4 "OS 10.4

-------.U ------.JD. ------l.U -------1.:i 6O-JJl,\ FWS 241.1

7.' 00"" 7.'

m 11,2 EPA 1034

Bowhtld Whal.:

NSIISmlOOI 01 Slock, and Taking 201 7" 111.1 737.2 7&5.1 45e.1I --'"' <41 175.1

'" 31112

'" ." "NFS U~_$

--tz.>-ill.2. 501 3-(5,3 --3.1l.i --6Zti --SJ..J.A ------i&l-1!U 340 1lO33------Z.a..t 5128

""' 5032.1

'.7 • ""e SI_ 107

'00 ~9,$ 124.5 113,5 151.6 123.5 2117.7 '" '" ""' 2712.7

Humpback Wlull.:

Populdon AuelSfOOr1l ----'Z.I -JJl,\

" 311.1 10.1

" 34.' 30.1 -----l1U ------4U------ll.I 21.2

" " " '" """S 011.5

25,1 21.4

" • , , .., 11 3 1.5 7.' 7.' I.' ""e 1111.9

" " " 20 20.'

" "PS 1011.9 SI_ • "OS • lO 31.3 39.1 " 31$.3 '" 203.. '" 7 "PS 1211.8

'.1 1U ----.11 3.3 --1I--2lI:~--U--2ll """S 13.

39.1 40.2 42.3 "SF 122.2

.. " No" 72

" " 00"" ". -'

W

Gray Whtl.:

Populdon A_unent --"-'-JJl,\ 25.7 --'>Jl---"l """S 304.3

37 • No" .. --31Z..t ---.53U. ----iAU---1AQ..a -I!--Zi.A "OS 211!11.7 SI_ 45.ll 00"" 45.11

1117.1 50.1 '" .60 Illll.2 -..1U "S 1440.11

34.7 "SF 34.7

10 OCR" 10

A....1Iffift'l'I of Human·lndlced 1fl1l.et ••• 20.' 3.' • 11

""" 51.2

Horthtm light Whal.:

Popul.~oo A_smtot 21.1!I 25 41.7 ---11 4U 401.2-2lll 207.1 100 ". '04 .. """S 11157

3 • 32.1 • ., , , 23,4 """ 10.7

209.1 211.4 21' SI_ 414.5 liS.1I ..S 1240.3

• No" • 200 200 2411.1 '''3 200' "SF 1132.11

30 " " """S 120

IIM\ 3.' 12.5 MMS 35.'

KllIw Whal.:

Populdon A'"IUJ*1l --"" 3 • """S 59.7

7.' ,.• """ 13.3

,.• "PS ,.•

-----'>.> , SI_ "SF 20.'

32.' 32' "SGCP M' ------'i "PS "
TABLE 8 (Cooll'llJed)

F&der.1 Fuodlng 01 "h~,.,. MllITnl.1 Rnflrch by AIIt.am rll\J'

SPECIAl. RESEARCH F\JNOING -LINE

ISSUE FY77 m. FYIO m. FY" FY02 FY" FY84 FYas m. FY87 m. FY" FYi. FY" FY02 AGEtf;;Y TOTAL

Pllol W,,-,..:

Populdon A.llum.nt ----= NSF 15,3

10.4 M"" 10_4

" " N",' 55 ,,- " USDA ,. " N",' " Btlu;-:

Popoldon Aun""""'" --"-'----'LZ ." --'!--"J. MM' 273.1 ..• ., M"e • " '84 N",' ,,- ,,, 130.3 MM, "'.3""

" " 35. m 102 --lD.ll-.1!Z.5.--U!

'" 'SO No" tN7.5

... 57.1 NSF 111.7

H.lrbOf Porpol..:

Popvldon A..fSsmtnl " '" ••• \ 7 ----.1.1 -----.R -1A1 '70 32' N",' 070.8

• • '" oc"" .. " •• M"" 15.8

NPS •

---'-' NSGCP ,,- 3 MMe "3

o.n', POfpol ..:

Popu'don 1I..,u/,ooOI

'" ..• ". --22A ----1!.5 ---1A5.-----12ll--1.1Z ,as '" 5538 an N"'FS 34211. I ...... Botll.noM ~lpNn: .j>.

PllpJl.~on AUfStmfIlI ... " ••• 13.5 , 35 MMe 30.4

lflO.8 21U 221.8 248.3 230.5 2411.5 292.9 177.7 2011.8 02 137 \77 3\.0 ,os NMF. 2~3.1

• "0 EPA ". ,,- '" ,.. .., 003.ll 'SO 1074 1310 07H--11J!l 1305.5 IM8.1 1805.9 2318 017 OM ." No., lM919

•U ... 97.3 103,~ OHHS 377,4

.., n.8 85.3 .O! '" 48.0 .... 221.3 57.4 ••• •., ". 187.8 NSF 1129_7

3t.ll 0.' • 15.5 10.8 MMe 82,4

• 13.5 '00 , 35 'SO NMFS 409.5

HOfltl..-n fur S..I:

Populdon A"f&~ 352-....3§I 430,2 ,.. 156.11 263.3 --ZaU ~--ZZU.-2ai • ••• ••• ••• • NMFS 2923,8 •., MMe .. ,,- ... 3M 2&9.3 410.0 420,2 285.4 -23ll ~--2H.i~ • NMFS 3213.t1

\.• MMe ,.• " .. .. No., ,.. OCRM , '12

" MM'

'" Ou~lIIupe Fur sell:

Pop./ldon Sartin ----l3.> --'U NMF' '" Ant_ttlc se...:

Popul.ton SlIdI.. SO.3

" .... 3~.0 40.0 41.8 ".3 NSF 4Ot.ll

,eo '" 326_8 ". .,. NMF' t~7.8 ,,- 172,1 .. 70-4 111.1 2522 11ll1.5 11• 292-9 1511.7 '" 311.2 242.5

'" 1155 51.4 377.2 NSF 3109.9 , MMe ,
TABLE 6ltOll'6nu~

FlKkoral Funding 01 J,llrine J,larrmal RYUllth by ,.,..,th Inu.

SPECIAL RESEARCH FUNDING UN'

FYn ro, FY10 FY" FYII FY" FY" FYI< FY" FYI< FY17 FYI< FY" "'. FYOl FY" AGENCY TOTAL

"relic S...I.:

Pop.Ill~on S'-'d"

'" " &5.7 I< MM' 3".7

" NPS

Biology IU 3.' " ""C '" ,." 237.6

'" 2&1.& "7 '" .. " '50 ... " ""' 1'35.3 "., '" 102.6 ".7 NSF 278.3

75.5 NlAF' 7. 70 00' '"'" HllWallll'l Monk 9111:

Popula~on A»tnmllll! ".3 " 31.2 50' 31 --24----15 FW' 280.'

--lU............lU 3 108.3 '" 311.7 300 3-40.& 3'''' 417.9 447.8 731.2 NMFS 3118.7

.... 37 ""C BI_ 1<,

3-4.1· 'M ".• '50 ""C 244.&

" " • "" " 1'.3 NsacP ,.., ,. -, ,.

OrlY Sill:

Pop.Ildon Said" 10.2 ""C 102 BI_ '.3 ..3 I.' NMFS , " '" "", " Harbor Sill: ..... Pop.Ildon Said" 17.7 " 23.5 '.7 " , • ""C 75.1 (]I , 31 , ----->.> •., " .., 237 NPS 300.'

53.7 NsacP 53.7

11.5 311.4 3.'

'" 07 1.3 n, --'"------" ------" NlAF' 45lU BI_ 0.' 0.' 0.' 0.' USAF ,

" 7 ""C •., "--"l 50

""' '" " N", 3M 23.8 " 3.' "'" NMFS 533,9

----" 311.4 " " OCR" .... " --E Nsacp

--fill-----" O"A '"70

Horthwn El.phllnl Sui:

Populdon SlUd" --lU............lU •., NMFS "'.1

" I I OCR"

17• NPS 17." Biology 33.1 3l.ll 41.2 30.' .. " II " 43.3 42.8 HU NSF 577.1

" '.3

" " 3 , ""C ", 43.5 '" ".• .. 39.11 149.3 131.7

'" ".• 70.3 OIlH' "'., "" " 57.5 27.5

" ""' '" C11lfoml. "... Uon:

Populdon S1.JdH "., NMFS

'" " " OCR"

----->.> NP' 3.' '" Biology 200 USDA 200

" '" '" '" leu 174.8 285.'S ""'.• "7 "''' 1S386

11.6 ".• 42.5 42.5

'" 51 14112

--' OCR" ,
TABLE &(cOll~noDdl

F~&1 Funding 01 lAarine lAanmat R,uarm by AlIIUid1 I..u,

SPECtAL RESEARCH FUNDING UN'

ISSUE "77 "" "" ,,"0 "OI "52 "83 "" "85 ".. "01 ".. "" "go "0>

"" AGENCY TOTAL

911011.,. !I.. Uon:

PopotldOl'l S!lJeiu 1.45.5 '" ,.. " ""S 5.43.5

,... 1111.3 NIolFS "... liS NPFMC 115

S •• ,.• ""C IU

12 , NP' 204.8 NSOCP 2.415 " ,,- UII,II N",' Uilil

W.1"",,:

PopoiadOl'l Sl\Idlu UU " 14U 231.8 " ----..SI--.Ml-..at ".7 20U 2<11.1 1.(S2 H15.4 1&3.8 lH,1I FWS 2009.'

130.3 150.1

" 111.& ""S ,,, • • ""C .. ,,- " , 77.2 ""C " ".• .... 15 NSF 2111.5

----"'-' ""S ,... "lOIb., .nd Dugonll:

PopuldOl'l S!lJdlft 1511.7 --zau.--ma. --Z§.U -----.m ---...lS----llil --2J.1.I. --llZ--.11Z 0> 'OS 111.4 ". FWS 21se.0

" 10 " I.e •., • 13.11 10 10 NASA 112.11

0.' , NPS ,.. 0.' 10. •., , 111.5 3S ,., ""C 171.1

10 ""S 10 ,,- --'"--"'----'= 45 ----S.2. ------ill_____.2:11.§. ----1.U---1.1Z 275 345.0 ". 4111.11 .437.2 718." FWS 3585.1

.. '" la5,2 Nm' 311.2 ..... 1.. S 17.1l , • ""C ".. OJ 3.' ., 7.' ••• NASA 22.7

17.5 111.2 NPS 33.7

50 NSF 50

Pol. D.w:

Populidoo SlUdI,. ~--"'J. 251 -1!U -----!ll: -----llZ ---IlU. 13511 174.1l M2.2 U211 1I1lO.11 1173.11 "'. 1105.11 FW' 55117.2

" ,,- ""C " --'"----'" --Ji!I.-----M ----lilI. --..1.Qjl -AU. 125.1

'" 85 lU.l 135,4 12M In.3 112.2 FW' 1&3O.11

--"" 22.& ".3 NSF "89

s.. 01....:

PopulBliOl'l S-.d11l1 151.1l 352.1 -53U. ------lll.Z ------liI.tl -----!ill --l.2Q ---1tU " 527.7 572.11 "'.• 210." 24.1 FWS 41110.5

770.8 ..., 24U " ""S 1202.5

'" NPS ,,- aU 111.11 '" " 50 ••• 3S.1 ... , 3 ""C "3

30 30 30 " " 00' 13. 23.3 27.5 ----2.8.-----.1.U..B. '00 470 --ill.U --1iU---l.tll-.3.iU. 175.5 25a.5

'" 305.3 702.5 1I1lO.3 FW' 1411.5 .. .. .. 171.3 122.4 NSF 5711.2 .". , • NPS • 59

'" 4ll-3.2 1lO.7 ----1A 83.' ••• ""S M3.11

'Amoulltt uocltrltntd .i. "fm'Md IlJburiti or taUt. illpOl1ld by hi ,~C)' undlr mot. glrlltll Cllegott...

'>Nllt all ploj,CU 111ltd In "pptndl~ 8 ar' r.nece.d In fll. IIbl., and • ,...... proJt-eti p1uI • porIlltI 01 !tie kmdl"" h..... b..,-a uslgned 10 mot. than one lUll•.
17

II. RESEARCH AND STUDIES UNDER

AUTHORITY OF THE MARINE

MAMMAL PROTECTION ACT OF 1972,

AS AMENDED

The Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 (MMPA) established the Marine

Mammal Commission and assigned marine mammal protection and conservation

responsibilities to the Secretaries of Commerce, the Interior, and State. Such

responsibilities have, in some cases, been delegated to agencies within a department

The Act noted the need for better information on the biology, ecology, and

management of marine mammals and assigned research responsibilities.

Responsibilities for research and its implementation were specified in Sections 108,

109, 111, 112,202, and 205. Public Law 102-523 and Public Law 102-587 added

additional research and study responsibilities regarding fishery conflicts, marine

mammal health, and strandings. Prior to 1982, funding authorized for marine

mammal activities conducted by the National Marine Fisheries Service and the Fish

and Wildlife Service were authorized under Title I of the Act on a section by section

basis. As of Fiscal Year 1982, however, authorized funding for the various sections

was combined so that Commerce and Interior now each receive a single authorized

funding level that covers all expenses incurred under Title 1.

Table 7 is a list of annual funding authorized under the various sections of

the Act, the amounts requested by agencies pursuant to the Act, and amounts

appropriated by Congress. Additional Federal funds have been spent in activities

related to marine mammals; the additional sources and amounts ofresearch funding

are shown in Table 8 and Figure 2. The number of personnel assigned to marine

mammal research versus administrative responsibilities within the National Marine

Fisheries Service and the Fish and Wildlife Service from FY74 through FY92 are

listed in Table 9.
18

RESEARCH RESPONSIBILITIES OF FEDERAL

AGENCIES UNDER THE MARINE MAMMAL PROTECTION ACT

Congress, in passing the Marine Mammal Protection Act, recognized there was inadequate

knowledge of the biology, ecology, and population dynamics of marine mammals and other factors

important for marine mammal protection and conservation. The Act, therefore, specified certain

research and study responsibilities for the Department of Commerce, the Department ofthe Interior,

and the Marine Mammal Commission.

With the establishment ofthe Act, the Secretary of Commerce was directed to undertake, in

consultation with the Marine Mammal Commission, a study of North Pacific fur seals to determine

whether herds of such seals, subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, were at their optimum

sustainable population and what population trends were evident. The Secretary was also to

undertake a comprehensive study, in consultation with the Secretary of State, to determine what

modifications, if any, should be made to the provisions of the North Pacific Fur Seal Convention,

or to the Marine Mammal Protection Act, or both, to make the Convention and the Act consistent

with one another [Sec. 108].

Among other things, the Secretary of Commerce was directed by the Act to immediately

undertake a program of research and development for the purpose of devising improved fishing

methods and gear so as to reduce to the maximum extent practicable the incidental taking of marine

mammals in connection with commercial fishing [Sec. Ill]. In 1984, the Secretary of Commerce

was directed to commence a research program to monitor the indices of abundance and trends of

marine mammal population stocks which are taken incidentally in the course of commercial purse

seine fishing for yellowfin tuna. In 1988, the Secretary of Commerce was directed to conduct a

study of possible impacts on marine mammals of seal control devices as well as other explosive

devices used in the commercial yellowfin tuna fishery. The Secretary also was directed in 1988 to

develop a fishery reporting and observation program to obtain reliable estimates of the numbers of

marine mammals being taken incidentally in various fisheries in U.S. waters and, in consultation

with the Marine Mammal Commission, to develop a recommended system for regulating such takes

after 1 October 1993 [Sec. 114].

Both the Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of the Interior are authorized by the Act to

make grants to states to assist them in developing programs for the conservation and management

of marine mammals and in administering such programs if management authority for such species

is transferred to the state. Such grants are not to exceed 50 per centum of the costs of a particular

program's development and implementation [Sec. 109G)(1 & 2)].

The Secretaries are also authorized to make grants to any Federal or state agency, public or

private institution, or other person for the purpose of assisting such agency, institution, or person

to undertake research in subjects which are relevant to the protection and conservation of marine

mammals [Sec. 110].

The Secretaries, as appropriate, are directed to review annually the operation of each program

in which the United States participates involving the taking of marine mammals on land [Sec. 112

(d)]. The Secretaries are required by the Act to report annually to the public and to the Congress on

the current status of all marine mammal species and population stocks subject to the provisions of

the Act [Sec. 103(f)].
19

The Marine Mammal Commission established under Section 201 of the Act was directed in

Section 202 (a) to:

1. "undertake a review and study of the activities of the United States pursuant

to existing laws and international conventions relating to marine mammals,

including, but not limited to, the International Convention for the Regulation

of Whaling, the Whaling Convention Act of 1949, the Interim Convention

on the Conservation of Nonh Pacific Fur Seals, and the Fur Seal Act of

1966;

2. "conduct a continuing review of the conditions of the stocks of marine

mammals, of methods for their protection and conservation, of humane

means of taking marine mammals, of research programs conducted or

proposed to be conducted under authority of the Act, and of all applications

for permits for scientific research, public display, or enhancing the survival

or recovery of a species or stock; and

3. "undenake or cause to be undenaken such other studies as it deems

necessary or desirable in connection with its assigned duties as to the

protection and conservation of marine mammals."

The Act gives the Commission access to all studies and data compiled by Federal agencies

regarding marine mammals. With the consent of the appropriate Secretary or agency head, the

Commission may also utilize the facilities or services of any Federal agency and shall take every

feasible step to avoid duplication ofresearch and to carry out the purposes of the Act [Sec. 205].
20

TABLE 7

FEDERAL FUNDING UNDER THE MARINE MAMMAL PROTECTION ACT

(Thousands of Dollars)

Department of

Commerce (NMFS) AUTHORIZED REQUESTED APPROPRIATED

FY74 4667 5300 1600

FY75 3667 2550 4445

FY76 3667 2550 4872

FY77 4667 4939 7042

FY78 11700 4872 7228

FY79 11425 7042 7080

FY80 11925 6728 7416

FY81 12425 7875 7475

FY82 7223 7416 7700

FY83 8000 7416 9225

FY84 8800 5571 8475

FY85 8800 5615 9375

FY86 8800 5850 8670

FY87 8800 6150 9375

FY88 8800 7586 8670

FY89 15440 7128 9291

FY90 12740 7061 16595

FY91 21780 19579 19266

FY92 21780 20237 21945

Department of the

Interior (FWS)

FY74 1358 700 700

FY75 1358 1358 1358

FY76 1358 1358 1358

FY77 1358 1358 1358

FY78 2050 1358 1539

FY79 2350 1600 2000

FY80 2660 2000 2000

FY81 3376 2000 2000

FY82 1600 1600 1600

FY83 1760 1690 1690

FY84 2000 1658 1249

FY85 2500 1292 1289

FY86 3000 2024 1815

FY87 3000 1050 1310

FY88 3000 1077 1776

FY89 3000 777 1326

FY90 3120 761 1411

FY91 3240 1419 1419

FY92 3370 1450 1450
21

TABLE 7 (continued)

Federal Funding Under the Marine Mammal Protection Act

Marine Mammal

Commission (MMC)

FY74

FY75

FY76

FY77

FY78

FY79

FY80

FY81

FY82

FY83

FY84

FY85

FY86

FY87

FY88

FY89

FY90

FY91

FY92

AUTHORIZED

1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

672

1000

1100

1100

1100

1100

1100

1100

1140

1153

1250

REQUESTED

825

1000

1000

1000

900

702

640

1000

672

594

638

648

738·

855

862

933

960

1153

1153

APPROPRIATED

412

750

900

1000

900

702

940

734

672

822

929

929

861

910

953

953

960

1153

1250

Note: Figures on this table reflect administrative and enforcement costs as well as research

costs. The figures for FWS and NMFS are those reported to the Commission by those

agencies. Funding under the column headings reflect leveis listed as (1) authorized under

sections of the Act, (2) requested funding of the agencies, and (3) funds subsequently

appropriated by Congress. Implementation of the 1988 "Interim Exemptions" evident

in the NMFS appropriations beginning in FY90.
TABLE 8

FUNDS EXPENDED ON MARINE MAMMAL RESEARCH

OTHER THAN THosE APPROPRIATED UNDER AUTHORITY OF THE

MARINE MAMMAL PROTECTION ACT

(Thousands of Dollars)

FY74 FY75 FY76 FYn FY78 FY79 FYao FY81 FY82 FY83 FY84 FY85 FYBS FY81 FYa8 FY8S FY90 FY91 FY92

Oepat1ment of Commerce, NOAA

National Martn. FI_h.rt.. Service

Fur Soal Act Authorization 309 395 743 595 595 595 595 595 595 595 619 620 654 654 477 368 448

Aeprogramlng and Reserves 295 442 59 78

Endangered SpecIes Act Approprlallon 294 294 294 1428 775 500 250 350 799 803 2899 3609

NMFS TOTAL 604 837 802 967 889 889 2023 1370 595 595 619 620 1154 904 827 1167 1251 28.. 3609

Oepartment 01 the Inl.rlor

FI.h and Wlldllf. Service I\)

I\)

FWS Approprlallon 49 75 83.3 18 82.2

Endangered Species Act Approptlatlon 93.7 213.1 162 362.9 123 348 614 879 736.3 891 825 1125 1170 '398 1348

Nallonal Wildlife Refuge System

Administration Act Approprlallon 11 5

011 Spill Damage Assessment 414

FWS TOTAL 49 75 63.3 16 93.7 213.1 244.2 362.9 134 353 614 879 736.3 891 825 1125 1584 '398 '348

"FY76 dala Include Irans1tlon quarter (July·September 1976)
23

FIGURE 2

FUNDS EXPENDED ON MARINE MAMMAL RESEARCH

BY THE NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE AND THE

FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, FY74-FY92*

(Thousands of Dollars)

T

h

o

u

s

a

n

d

s

o

f

D

o

1

1

a

r

S

15600

14400

13200

12000

10800

9600

8400

7200

6000

4800

3600

2400

1200

0

FY74

National Harine Fisheries Service

FY76 FY78 FY80 FY82 FY84 FY86 FY88 FY90 FY92

Fiscal Year

DMMPA FUNDS ~OTHER FUNDS

T

h

o

u

s

a

n

d

s

o

f

D

o

1

1

a

r

s

Fish and 'l'ildlife Service

3700

3330

2960

2590

2220

1850

FY74 FY76 FY78 FY80 FY82 FY84 FY86

Fiscal Year

DMMPAFUNDS ~OTHER FUNDS

FY88 FY90 FY92

*Figure 2 is developed from data shown on Table 3 and Table 8.
TABLE 9

NUMBER OF PERSONNEL ASSIGNED TO MARINE MAMMAL ADMINISTRATIVE AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIES

IN THE NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERViCE AND FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, FY74·FY92'

Nallonal Marine FIsheries Service"

FY74 FY75 FY76 FYn FY7S FY79 FYSO FY81 FY82 FYS3 FYB4 FYS5 FY86 FY87 FY88 FYB9 FY90 FY91 FY92

Admlnislrallve 2' 2' 42 7 , 86.5 33.5 27.1 16 19.9 23.2 21.S 11.8 22.3 23.1 38.3 51.7 58.7

Research 26 33 31 17 20 48.9 60,7 61.2 42.7 76.3 75.6 76.3 63.5 67.3 70.2 BO.5 9804 134.8

NMFS Tolal 54 61 73 24 2' 135.4 166.1 94.2 8S.3 58.7 96.2 98.S 98.1 75.3 69.6 93.3 118.8 150.1 193.5

Fish and Wlldlile Service·"

FY74 FY75 FY76 FY77 FY78 FY79 FY60 FY81 FY82 FY83 FY84 FY85 FY66 FY81 FY68 FY89 FY90 FY91 FY92

I\)

Adminlslrallve 12.1 14.1 15.2 16.6 17.1 20.3 24.6 23.3 21.5 6 18.1 21.1 19.6 1.5 5.5 5.4 4 4.2 4.2 .(:>.

Research 6 11 11.8 14.8 13.2 17.2 17.4 17.8 16.5 16 17.6 17.6 16.5 27.7 29.1 31.4 29.8 37.3 30.2

FWS Tolal 18.1 25.1 27 31.4 30.3 37.5 42 41.1 3B 22 35.7 38.9 36.1 29.2 34.6 36.8 33.S 41.5 34.4

'Flgures provided by Ihe agencies.

"The National Marine Flshorles Service changed Ihelr melhod of reporllng .-

In FY77, 10 number or personnel; In FY79, 10 permanenl employeo man·years; and

In 1984, 10 lulI·tlme equ!valenls.

"'Reponed in man'years In FY74·FY61 and as lull·tlme equlvalenls thereafter.
25

APPENDIX A

SOURCES OF MARINE MAMMAL INFORMATION

FROM FEDERALLY·FUNDED RESEARCH AND STUDIES

Department of Commerce

National Marine Fisheries Service

Administrative repons of the various fisheries centers

Annual Repons for the Marine Mammal Protection Act

Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences

(Journal Fisheries Research Board ofCanada)

Canadian Journal of Zoology

Conservation Biology

Contributions to edited books

Ecology

Evolution

Fisheries Bulletin (NMFS, NOAA, Department of Commerce)

International Whaling Commission Annual Reports

International Whaling Commission, Working Papers of the

Scientific Committee

Journal of Mammalogy

Journal of Theoretical Biology

Journal ofWildlife Management

Marine Fisheries Review (NMFS, NOAA, Department of Commerce)

Marine Mammal Division -- Annual Reports on Fur Seal Investigations

Marine Mammal Science

Marine Pollution Science

NOAA Technical Repons, NMFS Scientific Reports--Fisheries

North Atlantic Studies

Oceanus

Pacific Science

Physiological Zoology

Polar Biology

Proceedings of conferences

National Sea Grant College Program

Marine Mammal Information
26

Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, Sanctuary

Programs Division

Administrative reports of contractors

Fishery Bulletin

Marine Fisheries Review

NOAA Technical Reports

Proceedings of conferences

Department of pefense

Air Force

Headquarters Space Division Technical Reports

Space Shuttle Final Environmental Impact Statement

Navy

Acta Zoologica Fennica

American Journal of Veterinary Research

Animal Behavior Processes

Annals of the New York Academy of Science

Aquatic Mammals

Arctic

Behavioral and Brain Sciences

Biology of Reproduction

Brain, Behavior and Evolution

Breviora

Canadian Joumal of Zoology

Cetology

Contributions to edited books

Deep-Sea Research

Diseases of Aquatic Organisms

Fishery Bulletin

Journal Acoustical Society of America

Journal American Veterinary Medical Association

Journal of Mammalogy

Journal of Morphology

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

Marine Fisheries Review

Marine Mammal Science

Microbios Letters

Naval Ocean Systems Center Technical Reports

Polar Record

Proceedings of conferences

Science

Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History

Vision Research
27

Department of Energy

Canadian Journal ofFisheries and Aquatic Sciences

Ecological Monographs

Environmental Conservation

Journal American Veterinary Medical Association

Progress reports on projects

Wildlife Society Bulletin

pepartment of the Interior

Fish and Wildlife Service

Acta Anatomica

Acta Zoologica

Aquatic Mammals

Biolocial Conservation

Bulletin of Marine Science

Contributions to edited books

Cornell Veterinarian

Fishery Bulletin

Florida Scientist

Journal American Veterinary Medical Association

Journal ofComparative Physiology

Journal of Mammalogy

Journal of Morphology

Journal ofWildlife Diseases

Journal ofWildlife Management

North American Fauna Series

Northeast Gulf Science

Reports available through the National Technical Information Service

U. S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service:

a) Annual Reports for the Marine Mammal Protection Act

b) Biological Services Reports

c) National Fish and Wildlife Laboratory Reports

d) Wildlife Rearch Reports

Veterinary Clinical Pathology

Zoomorphology

Geological Survey

Geological Survey Professional Papers

Publications of the Charleston Museum

Smithsonian Institution Contributions to Paleontology

Systematic Zoology

Minerals Management Service

American Zoologist

Bulletin of Marine Science

Contributions to edited books

Fishery Bulletin

Journal of Herpetology
28

Journal of Mammalogy

NOAA/OCEAP Annual Reports

NOAA/OCEAP Final Reports

NOAA/OCEAP Lease Area Synthesis Reports

Project reports available through the National Technical Information Service

Regional information transfer meetings

Southwestern Naturalist

Various workshops

National Park Service

Administrative reports

Denartment of State

EIS: Possible Regime for the Conservation of Antarctic

Marine Living Resources

International Whaling Commission Scientific Reports

Project reports available through the National Technical

Information Service

Marjne Mammal CommissioD

Project reports available through the National Technical

Information Service

Marine Mammal Commission Annual Repon

Numerous scientific journals and contributions to edited books

National Science Foundation

Antarctic Bibliography

Antarctic Journal ofthe United States

Numerous scientific journals

SmithsoniaD InstjtutioD

Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology

Contributions to edited books

Fishery Bulletin

Florida State Museurn, Plaster Jacket

Journal of Mammalogy

Marine Mammal Science

Physiological Zoology

Procedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Smithsonian Institution Contributions to Marine Sciences

Smithsonian Institution Contributions to Paleontology

Smithsonian Institution Contributions to Zoology

Systematic Zoology
29

APPENDIX B

LISTING OF MARINE MAMMAL RESEARCH AND

STUDY PROJECTS, PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS,

AND FUNDING LEVEL

FOR FY90·FY92*

COMPTI...ED FROM INFORMATION PROVIDED

TO THE MARINE MAMMAL COrvIMISSION

BY EACH AGENCY

* For a listing of projects for the period FY70·FY79, see Waring, G. H., 1981, Survey of Federally-Funded

Marine Mammal Research and Studies, FY70-FY79, Publication PB81-174336, National Technical Information

Service, Springfield, Virginia, 235 p.

For a listing of projects for the period FY80·FY89, see Waring, G. H., 1990, Survey of Federally-Funded

Marine Mammal Research and Studies, FY70-FY89, Publication PB90-272097, National Technical Information

Service, Springfield, Virginia, 154 p.
30

Department of Agrjcnlture

FY9Q-FY92

(No projects)

Department of Commerce

1. National Marine Fisheries Service

A. Alaska Fisheries Science Center

Bengtson,J. ~)

Antarctic Ecosystem Program (8L1A5T3N)

Braham, H. W. ~)

Laboratory Administration (8L1A5T3A)

Calkins, D. G. (Alaska Dept. ofFish and Game)

Assessment of Injury to Steller Sea Lions in Prince William

Sound and the Gulf of Alaska ("Exxon Valdez" Oil Spill)

DeLong, R. L. ~)

California Current Ecosystem Program (8LlA5T3C)

Fowler, C. W. ~)

Ecosystem and Population Assessment Program

(8L1A5T3E)

Jones, L. L. (NMML)

High Seas Fisheries Interactions (8L1A5T3H)

High Seas Squid Drifmet (8L2B5NOO)

Jones, L. L. and D. Withrow ~)

Arctic Whales Program (8LlA5T3R)

Lowry, L. and K. Frost (Alaska Dept. of Fish and Game)

Assessment of Injury to Harbor Seals in Prince William Sound

and Adjacent Areas ("Exxon Valdez" Oil Spill)

Loughlin, T. R. (NMML)

Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska Ecosystem (8LlA5T3B)

Matkin, C. and O. von Ziegesar (North Gulf Oceanic Society)

Assessment of Injuries to Killer Whales in Prince William Sound,

Kodiak Archipelago, and Southeast Alaska ("Exxon Valdez" Oil Spill)

Matkin, C., D. McSweeney, J. Straley, and O. von Ziegesar

Effects of the "Exxon Valdez" Oil Spill on the Distribution and

Abundance of Humpback Whales in Prince William Sound, Southeast

$326.8K

$436.6K

$171.2K

$297.5K

$447.9K

$233.4K

$32Q.2K

S316.2K

S159.3K

S715.3K

S255.8K
31

Alaska, and the Kodiak Archipelago

Bengtson, J. (NMML)

Antarctic Ecosystem Program (SLlA5T3N)

Braham, H. W. (NMML)

Laboratory Administration (SLlA5T3A)

DeLong, R. L. (NMML)

California Current Ecosystem Program (SLlA5T3C)

Fowler, C. W. (NMML)

Ecosystem and Population Assessment Program

(SLlA5T3E)

Jones, L. L. (NMML)

High Seas Fisheries Interactions (SLlA5T3H)

Jones, L. L. and D. Withrow (NMML)

Arctic Whales Program (SLlA5T3R)

Loughlin, T. R. (NMML)

Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska Ecosystem (SLlA5T3B)

Bengtson, J. (NMML)

Antarctic Ecosystem Program

Braham, H. W. (NMML)

Laboratory Administration

MMPA Population Assessment

DeLong, R. L. (NMML)

California Current Ecosystem Program

Fowler,C. W.(NMML)

Ecosystem and Population Assessment Program

Jones, L. L. (NMML)

High Seas Fisheries Interactions

Jones, L. L. and D. Withrow (NMML)

Arctic Whales Program

Loughlin, T. R. (NMML)

Alaska Ecosystem Program

$92K

S335K

S5S9K

SS30K

S356K

S977K

Sl92K

S!3ooK

$4l5K

S520K

S1543K

S695K

S525K

SlO28K

S325K

S922.3K
32

B. Alaska Regional Office

Spraker. T. (Wildlife Pathology International)

Humane Observer Studies ofthe Northern Fur Seal Subsistence Harvest

(D-HAWF..()-()0092)

Zacharof, M. (Aleut Community of St. Paul)

1990 Fur Seal Subsistence Harvest Data (D-HAWF-O-OOO9I)

Morris, R. (AKR/PRMD)

Cook Inlet Beluga Whale Survey

Munro, N. and D. Hicks (Saltwater, Inc.)

Marine Mammal Observers: Prince William Sound and

Unimak Pass Gillnet Fisheries (0-ABNF-D-00036)

Spraker, T. (Wildlife Pathology International)

Humane Observer Studies of the Northern Fur Seal Subsistence Harvest

(D-HAWF..()-()0092)

Zacharof, M. (Aleut Community of St. Paul)

1990 Fur Seal Subsistence Harvest Data (D-HAWF-0-OO09I)

Alaska Eskimo Whaling Commission

Manage the Bowhead Harvest and ConductResearch

Alaska and Inuvialuit Beluga Whale Committee

Beluga Whale Studies

Calkins. D. (Alaska Dept. Fish and Game)

Research on Steller Sea Lions

Insley, S. (Univ. California, Davis)

Effects of Airport Noise on Northern Fur Seals on StGeorge Island

Lowry, L. (Alaska Dept Fish and Game)

Harbor Seal Research

Spraker, T. (Colorado State Univ.)

Humane Observer Studies of the Northern Fur Seal Subsistence Harvest

Wolfe, R. (Alaska Dept. Fish and Game)

Determination of Number of Steller Sea Lions and Harbor Seals Taken

by Alaska Natives

Zacharof, D. (Aleut Community of St. Paul)

1992 Subsistence Harvest Data (Northern Fur Seal)

S3.5K

S2K

S25K

S1300K

S3.5K

S2K

S330K

SI84K

S689.9K

$4K

S500K

$4K

S382.6K

S2K
33

C. Northeast Fisheries Science Center

Brault, S. (National Research Council)

Pilot Whale Population Dynamics (OPA)

Finn, J. (Univ. Massachusetts)

Nonh American Right Whale Program:

Population Dynamics (OP.1.4)

Katona, S. (College of the Atlantic)

Humpback Whale Individual Identification (OP.3.2)

Kraus, S. (New England Aquarium)

Nonh American Right Whale Program:

Individual Identification (OP.l.3)

Mayo, C. A. (Center for Coastal Studies)

Distribution and Habitat Usage of Large Cetaceans (OP.3.I)

Mayo, S. (Center for Coastal Studies)

Nonh American Right Whale Program:

Habitat Requirements (OP.1.2)

Nicolas, J. (NEFSC)

Marine Mammal Biological Sampling (ER.2)

Payne, P. M. (Manomet Bird Observatory)

Fishery Resource and Marine Mammal Sighting

Surveys (ER.l.l)

Polacheck, T. (NEFSC)

Harbor Porpoise Program: Sighting Survey (OP.2.2)

Polacheck, T. and D. Potter (NEFSC)

Harbor Porpoise Program: Sighting Survey Methods (OP.2.2)

Smith, T. (NEFSC)

Marine Mammal By-Catch Estimation (HI.2)

Nonh American Right Whale Program (OP.I)

Harbor Porpoise Program OP.2)

Nonh Atlantic Humpback Whale Program (OP.3)

Waring,G.(NEFSC)

Predation and Spatial Co-Occurrence (ER.I)

Cetacean Habitat Survey (ER.1.2)

S45K

SI8K

S23K

S79K

S4IK

S33K

S23K

S46K

S75K

S49K

S25K

SI2K

S25K

S6K

S49K

SI9K
34

Winn, H. and R. Kenney (Univ. Rhode Island)

North American Right Whale Program:

Sighting Data and Habitat Use (OP.l.I)

Brault, S. (National Research Council)

Pilot Whale Population Dynamics (OPA)

Christensen, D. (NEFSC)

Commercial Fishery Monitoring (ill.I)

Crieger, K. and D. Poner (New England Aquarium and NEFSC)

Pilot Whale Release (OP.5)

Drew, S., P. Gerrior, and G. Power (Manomet Bird Observatory and NEFSC)

Domestic Observer Project (ID. I. I)

Finn, J. (Univ. of Massachuchetts)

North Atlantic Right Whale Program: Population Dynamics (OP.l.4)

Gerrior, P. (NEFSC)

Foreign Observer Project (m.l.2)

Katona, S. (College of the Atlantic)

North Atlantic Humpback Whale Program: Humpback Whale

Individual Identification (OP.3.2)

Kraus, S. (New England Aquarium)

North Atlantic Right Whale Program: Individual Identification (OP.I.3)

Mayo, C.A. (Center for Coastal Studies)

Distribution and Habitat Usage ofLarge Cetaceans (OP.3.I)

Mayo, S. (Center for Coastal Studies)

North Atlantic Right Whale Program: Habitat Requirements (OP.l.2)

Nicolas, J. (NEFSC)

Marine Mammal Biological Sampling (ER.2)

Palka, D. (NEFSC)

Harbor Porpoise Program: Sighting Survey (OP.2.1)

Potter, D. (NEFSC)

Harbor Porpoise Program: Harbor Porpoise Aerial Survey (OP.2.3)

Read, A. and S. Kraus (Woods Hole Oceanogr. Insl and New England Aquarium)

Harbor Porpoise Program: Inshore Sighting Survey (OP.2.2)

Smith, T. (NEFSC)

Harbor Porpoise Program: HPP (DP.2)

Marine Mammal By-Catch Estimation (ID.2)

S93K

SIOK

$69K

SIOK

SI588K

S22K

S-0-

S20K

S79K

S20K

S33K

S25K

S180K

S40K

S25K

S25K

S50K
35

North Atlantic Right Whale Program: NARWP (OP.I)

North Atlantic Humpback Whale Program: NAHWP (OP.3)

Waring,G.~SC)

Predation and Spatial Co-Occurrence (ER.I)

Northeast Cetacean Aerial Survey (ER.l.l)

Cetacean Habitat Survey (ER.1.2)

Winn, H. and R. Kenney (Oniv. Rhode Island)

North Atlantic Right Whale Program:

Sighting Data and Habitat Use (OP.l.l)

Hain, J. (NEFSC)

Mitigating Human Impacts (Net Entanglements and Ship Strikes) on Right

Whales in Their Calving and Wintering Grounds Off the Southeast U.S.

Smith, T. (NEFSC)

Harbor Porpoise Population Structure and Abundance

Summer Abundance Estimates by Catch and Vita! Rates and Habitat Use

for the Delphinid Complex and Beaked Whales in the Northeast

Years of the North Atlantic Humpback Whale (YONAH)

Monitoring Harbor Seal Abundance and Distribution

NMFS Marine Mammal Electronic Tagging and Tracking (ETT) Program

D. Northwest Fisheries Science Center

Varanasi, U. (NWFSC)

Chemical and Biochemical Analyses of Marine Mammals

Varanasi, U. (NWFSC)

Chemical and Biochemical Analyses of Marine Mammals

Varanasi, U. (NWFSC)

National Marine Mammal Tissue Bank and Marine Mammal

Contaminants Monitoring Projects

Sl2K

SlOK

S50K

$I73K

$250K

$93K

$48K

S327K

$136K

S250K

$68K

S350K

$27.5K

$54.5K

S250K
36

E. Northwest Regional Office

Brown, R. (Oregon Dept. of Fish and Wildlife)

Oregon Harbor Seal and Sea Lion Project (NASS-ABD'()()103)

Brown, R. (Oregon Dept. ofFish and Wildlife)

Oregon Harbor Seal and Sea Lion Project (NAI7FX027S-01)

(No projects reponed)

F. Southeast Fisheries Science Center

McGowan (SEFSC)

Image Archival and Processing for Right Whales, Humpback

Whales, and BouIenose Dolphins (FSNIOQ.SLlC41)

Mullin, K. (SEFSC, Pascagoula Laboratory)

Deep Water Cetaceans of the Gulf of Mexico

Powers, J. (SEFSC, Miami Laboratory)

Stock Strucwre Analysis of Bottlenose Dolphins

(FSN1OO-8LlC41)

Low-Level Monitoring of BouIenose Dolphin Stocks in the

Coastal Waters ofthe Southeastern United States

(FSN1OO-SLIC41)

Photogrammetric Analysis of Bottlenose Dolphin

Populations (FSNlOO-SLlC41)

Regional Aerial Survey of the Gulfof Mexico (FSNlOD-SLlC41)

Emergency Investigation of Gulf Dolphin Dieoff

Cross, F. (Beaufort Laboratory)

Marine Mammal and Turtle Strandings (SEC·9-91-12)

Kifer, R. (Charleston Laboratory)

Marine Mammals and Endangered Species, Research & Technical

Support (SECS-91·03)

Nichols, S. (Mississippi Laboratory)

Low Level Marine Mammal Monitoring (SEC2·91-09)

S35.6K

S35.6K

Sl6K

SS3.1K

Sl2K

SlOOK

SlOK

S50K

Sll4K

S9.1K

S122.5K

S31.9K
37

Powers, J. (Miami Laboratory)

Bottlenose Dolphin Low-Level Monitoring (SECl)

Bottlenose Dolphin Fishery Interaction I (SECI)

Emergency Investigation -- Gulf of Mexico Dolphin (SECI)

Emergency Investigation -- Megaborg Oil Spill (SECl)

Marine Mammal Assessment Studies I (SECl)

Marine Mammal Assessment Studies III (SECl)

Marine Mammal Assessment Studies IV (SECl)

Brown, B. (SEFSC)

NMFS Regional Marine Mammal Abundance Assessment

(SECI-92-0l & SECI-92-04)

Cooperative Marine Mammal Assessments (NMFS, MMS, TAMU & OSU)

(SECI-92-06, SEC2-92-09, SEC2-92-IO)

SE U.S. Marine Mammal Slranding Network-Related Activities

(SECl-92-03, SEC5-92-08, SEC6-92-l6, SEC8-92-03, SEC9-92-2l)

Bottlenose Dolphin Low Level Monitoring (SECI-92-02)

Marine Mammal Fishery By-Catch Observer Program

Bottlenose Dolphin Monality and Condition Indices Investigation

Marine Mammal Abundance Assessments -- (Methods)

Inter-Platform Comparison

G. Southwest Fisheries Science Center

Barlow, J. and D. P. DeMaster (SWFSC)

Coastal Marine Mammals (540)

Dizon, A. and D. P. DeMaster (SWFSC)

Biological Assessment Program (520)

Gerrodette, T. and D. P. DeMaster (SWFSC)

Dolphin Stock Assessment Program (510)

Gilmartin, W. G. (SWFSC, Honolulu Lab)

Hawaiian Monk Seal Research and Recovery

(FSR200/8LlA3VWO) (759)

S-OSl2K

S35K

S32K

S69K

S86K

SIIOK

S2l7K

Sl9l7K

Sl20K

SI05K

S337K

S250K

S88K

S242.9K

S457.4K

S583.6K

S392.9K
38

Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Beach Debris

Clean-up (FSR200/8LIA5B7F) (742)

Penin, W. F. (SWFSC)

Senior Scientist Unit (060)

Reilly, S. and D. P. DeMaster (SWFSC)

Fishery Dependent Assessment Program (530)

Barlow, J. and D. P. DeMaster (SWFSC)

Coastal Marine Mammals (540)

Coastal Marine Mammals (981)

Coastal Delphinid Surveys (988)

Whale and Bottlenose Dolphin Surveys (989)

Dizon, A. and D. P. DeMaster (SWFSC)

Biological Assessment Program (520)

Edwards, E. and D. P. DeMaster (SWFSC)

Fishery Dependent Assessment Program (550)

Gerrodette, T. and D. P. DeMaster (SWFSC)

Dolphin Stock Assessment Program (510)

Gilmartin, W. G. (SWFSC, Honolulu Lab)

Hawaiian Monk Seal Research and Recovery

(FSR200/8LIA3VWO) (759)

Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Beach Debris

Clean-up (FSR200/8LIA5B7F) (742)

Penin, W. F. (SWFSC)

Senior Scientist Unit (060)

Reilly, S. and D. P. DeMaster (SWFSC)

Dolphin Ecology Program (530)

Barlow, J. and S. B. Reilly (SWFSC)

Coastal Marine Mammal Program (540)

(S220K from FIPR; S66K from SWR)

Dizon, A. and S. B. Reilly (SWFSC)

Biological Assessment Program (520) (S79.6K from F/PR)

Edwards, E. and S. B. Reilly (SWFSC)

Dolphin-Safe Research Program (550) (S577.2K from FIPR)

S25K

S135.3K

S335.6K

SI90K

S61.8K

S158.6K

S75.2K

$470.9K

S87.8K

$466.4K

$422.6K

S25K

S150.9K

S280.8K

$469.7K

S541.8K

S1351.4K
39

Fiedler, P. C. and S. B. Reilly (SWFSC)

Dolphin Ecology Program (530)

Gerrodette, T. and S. B. Reilly (SWFSC)

Dolphin Stock Assessment Program (510)

Gilmartin, W. G. (SWFSC, Honolulu Lab.)

Hawaiian Monk Seal Research and Recovery (750)

Perrin, W. F. (SWFSC)

Senior Scientist Unit (060)

H. Southwest Regional Office

Hanan, D. (California Dept. Fish and Game)

California Coastal Marine Mammals (A90AB-H-FC411)

California Department of Fish and Game

Category 1 Fishery Effon and Harbor Seal Monitoring

Forestell, P. and J. Mobley

Aerial Surveys of Hawaiian Humpback Whales

(No projects reponed)

2. National Ocean Pollution Program Office

FY90-FY92

(No projects reponed)

3. National Sea Grant College Program

Fay, F. (Univ. Alaska)

Behavior and Vocalizations of Transient Killer Whales (Rj06-C)

S245K

S345.8K

S731.2K

Sl49K

S65K

S219K

S25K

S32.3K

Grau, G., S. Atkinson, & W. Gilmartin (Hawaii Inst. Marine Biology and NMFS)

Behavior Modification of Male Hawaiian Monk Seals (R/MR-45) S15K

Fay, F. and J. Kelley (Univ. Alaska)

Behavior and Vocalizations of Transcient Killer Whales (RI06-31) S32.3K
40

Castellini, M. A. (Univ. Alaska)

Physiological Health Status of Steller Sea Lions: Ecological Implications

Elsner, R. (Univ. Alaska)

Resistance to Hypoxia in the Seal Hean

Grau, G. E. (Hawaii Inst. Marine Biology)

Behavioral Modification of the Male Hawaiian Monk Seal

Wynne, K. (Univ. Alaska)

Regional Estimation of Harbor Seal and Harbor Porpoise in Alaska

4. North Pacific Fisheries Management Council

FY90-FY92

(No projects reported)

S. Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management

FY90-FY92

(No projects)

6. Office of Ocean Resources Conservation and Assessment

(formerly Office of Oceanography and Marine Assessment)

Basta, D. J. (NOAA Ocean Assessments Division)

Living Marine Resources Mapping Project:

Marine Mammals

FY91-FY92

(No projects)

Department Qr Defense

1. Air Force (Space Division, Air Force Systems Command)

Stewart, B., C. Cooper, and P. K. Yochem (Hubbs Marine Research Center)

Field Studies of Pinniped and Seabird Populations Likely to

be Affected by Launch-Related Noise of Military Space

Vehicles (F047Q-88C-0026)

Stewart, B., C. Cooper, and P. K. Yochem (Hubbs Marine Research Center)

$24.6K

$18.3K

$14.3K

$48.3K

S25K

S173.9K
41

Field Studies of Pinniped and Seabird Populations Likely to

be Affected by Launch-Related Noise of Military Space

Vehicles (F047D-88C-G026)

Stewan, B., C. Cooper, and P. K. Yochem (Hubbs Marine Research Center)

Field Studies of Pinniped and Seabird Populations Likely to

be Affected by Launch-Related Noise and Sonic Booms from Titan IV/Centaur

and Other Military Space Vehicles (F047D-88C-0026)

Roest, M. (The Nature Conservancy)

Marine Mammal Monitoring and Management Plan

(Vandenberg Air Force Base)

2. Army (Corps of Engineers)

(No projects)

Activities associated with planning, construction, operation, and

maintenance of civil works projects ($K by Corps Division Offices:

New England, 22.0; South Atlantic, 179.4; Pacific Ocean, 32.5;

and North Pacific, 14.0)

Activities associated with planning, construction, operation, and

maintenance of civil works projects ($K by Corps Division Offices:

New England, 32.5; South Atlantic, 161.2; Pacific Ocean, 37.7;

North Pacific, 10.1; and South Pacific, 7.0)

3. Navy

A. Naval Command, Control, and Ocean Surveillance Center

(formerly Naval Ocean Systems Center)

Au, W. W. L. (NOSC)

Complex Echo Classification (Tursiops)

(MMB2511BOI)

Gisiner, R. C. and J. A. Thomas (NOSC)

Echolocation in a False Killer Whale (MMB251IB03)

Moore, P. W. B. (NOSC)

Binaural Hearing (Tursiops) (MMB251IB02)

Nachtigall, P. E. (NOSC)

Risso's Visual Acuity (MMB2511B05)

$106.7K

$184.4K

$6OK

$247.9K

S248.5K

S117K

SI02K

SI30K

SI08K
42

Nachtigall, P. E., P. W. B. Moore, and H. L. Roitblat (NOSe)

Matching-to-Sarnple (Tursiops) (MMB2511AOl)

Ridgway, S. H. and D. A. Carder (NOSC)

Marine Mammal Medical Research and Animal Health

(MM40510NOl)

Sigurdson, J. E. (NOSC)

Acoustic Communication (Tursiops) (MMB251IB04)

Au, W. W. L. (NOSC)

Complex Echo Classification (Tursiops)

(MMB25IIBOl)

Gisiner, R. C. and W. W. L. Au (NOSC)

Echolocation in a False Killer Whale (MMB25IIB03)

Moore, P. W. B. (NOSC)

Binaural Hearing (Tursiops) (MMB2511B02)

Neural Network Models (Tursiops) (ZW29511AOl)

Nachtigall, P. E. (NOSC)

Risso's Visual Acuity (MMB251IB05)

Nachtigall, P. E., P. W. B. Moore, and H. L. Roitblat (NOSe)

Matching-to-Sample (Tursiops) (MMB2511AOI)

Ridgway, S. H. and D. A. Carder (NOSC)

Marine Mammal Medical Research and Animal Health

(MM4051ONOl)

Au, W. W. L. (NCCOSC)

Complex Echo Classification (Tursiops)

(MMB2512BOl)

Gisiner, R. C. and W. W. L. Au (NCCOSC)

Echolocation in a False Killer Whale (MMB2512DOl)

Moore, P. W. B. (NCCOSC)

Binaural Hearing (Tursiops) (MMB2512COl)

Neural Network Models (Tursiops) (ZW29512AOI)

Nachtigall, P. E. (NCCOSC)

Risso's Visual Acuity (MMB2512AOI)

S113K

S354K

S55K

S120K

S130K

S130K

Sl24K

S110K

Sl60K

S90K

S-{)..

Sl30K

S135K

S120K

Sl20K
43

Nachtigall, P. E., P. W. B. Moore, and H. L. Roitblat (NCCOSC)

Matehing-to-Sample (Tursiops) (MM475l2AOl)

Ridgway, S. H. and D. A. Carder (NCCOSC)

Marine Mammal Medical Research and Animal Health

(MM4510011AOl)

Sigurdson, J. E. (NCCOSC)

Azimuth Range Monitor (Tursiops) (MMB25l2FOl)

B. Office of Naval Research

Nachtigall, P. E. (NOSC)

Dolphin Echolocation: Cognitive and Perceptual Processing

Models (Tursiops) (4424262-01)

Nachtigall, P. E. (NOSC)

Dolphin Echolocation: Cognitive and Perceptual Processing

Models (Tursiops) (4424262-01)

Jones, D. (Univ. British Columbia)

Construction and Testing of Satellite Tags for Whales to Enable Research

on the Effects ofLow Frequency Sound on Marine Mammals

Effects of Low Frequency Sound on Marine Mammals

Katsouros, M. H. (National Academy of Sciences)

Low Frequency Sound and Marine Mammals

Mate, B. (Oregon State Univ.)

Development of an ARGOS Transmitter to Evaluate the Response of

Marine Mammals to Low Frequency Sound Signals

Nachtigall, P. E. (NCCOSC, Hawaii)

Effects ofLoud Low Frequency Sounds on Marine Mammal Behavior,

Hearing, and Physiology

Nachtigal!, P. E. and P. W. B. Moore (NCCOSC, San Diego)

Marine Animal Capabilities (RP 35A01)

Ridgway, S. H. (NCCOSC, San Diego)

Low Frequency Sound and Marine Mammal Hearing

Thomas, Jeanette (Western Illinois Univ.)

Low Frequency Audiometric Studies on Pacific White-sided Dolphins

S150K

S90K

S120K

Sl60K

S200K

S1l4.5K

S40K

S50K

S62.8K

S200K

SlOOOK

S40K

S57.7K
44

Department of Energy

FY9Q-FY92

(No projects)

Department of Health and Human Seryjces

National Institutes of Health

Bullock, T. H. (Univ. California, San Diego)

Non-Standard Models for Study of Cognition ERPS

(RQI NS25963-Q3)

Castellini, M. A. (Univ. Alaska)

Sleep Apnea in Seals: Metabolic Implications

(R29 HL38675-Q4)

Fathman, C. G. (Stanford Univ.)

Study of a Ternary Complex That Drives T Cell

Activation (RQI AI27989-Q2)

Hodgson, E. (North Carolina State Univ.)

Pesticides and Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes

(poI ESOOO44-25)

Kooyman, G. L. (Univ. California, San Diego)

Exercise Physiology to Maximum Lung Volume in

Aquatic Mammals (poI HLI7731-16)

LaMar, G. N. (Univ. California, Davis)

Structural and Dynamic Study of Model Heme Complexes

(R37 HLI6087-17)

Ortiz, C. L. (Univ. California, Santa Cruz)

Developmental Physiology of Elephant Seal Pups During

Natural, Prolonged Fasts (S06 GMQ8132-16)

Rowell, L. B. (Univ. Washington)

Regulation of Blood Flow Distribution (poI HLI691O-17)

Tyack, P. L. (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)

Ontogeny of Signature Whistles and Mimicry (Tursiops)

(R29 DCQQ429-Q4)

Weiner, S. (Weizmann Institute, Israel)

Structural Studies of Matrix Proteins in Teeth and Bone

(RQI DE06954-06)

Wichman, H. A. (Univ.ldaho)

Mammalian Genomes: Stasis and Change (R29 GM38727-Q5)

S92.IK

S86.IK

SI85.3K

S132K

SI22.5K

SI87.8K

S63.4K

S133.IK

S97.3K

S57.7K

S9Q.8K
45

Wicham, G. M. (Nonheastern State Univ., OK)

Computer Based Image Analysis of Iris Sections

(R15 EY085450-1)

Witztum, J. L. (Univ. California, San Diego)

Apolipoprotein E Deficiency and Atherosclerosis

(ROI HL39608-04)

Castellini, M. A. (Univ. Alaska)

Sleep Apnea in Seals: Metabolic Implications

(HL38675-D5)

Fathman, C. G. (Stanford Univ.)

Study of a Ternary Complex That Drives T Cell

Activation (AI27989-03)

Hodgson, E. (Nonh Carolina State Univ.)

Pesticides and Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzymes

(ESOOO44-26)

Hsueh, A. J. W. (Stanford Univ.)

Role ofBioactive FSH in Reproduction (HD23273-06)

Kooyman, G. L. (Univ. California, San Diego)

Exercise Physiology to Maximum Lung Volume in

Aquatic Mammals (HL17731-l7)

LaMar, G. N. (Univ. California, Davis)

Suuctural and Dynamic Study of Model Heme Complexes

(HL16087-18)

Ortiz, C. L. (Univ. California, Santa Cruz)

Developmental Physiology of Elephant Seal Pups During

Natural, Prolonged Fasts (GM08132-17)

Rowell, L. B. (Univ. Washington)

Regulation ofBlood Flow Distribution (HLI691O-18)

Tyack, P. L. (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)

Ontogeny of Signature Whistles and Mimicry (Tursiops)

(DC00429-D5)

Wichman, H. A. (Univ. Idaho)

Mammalian Genomes: Stasis and Change (GM38727-D6)

Fathman, C. G. (Stanford Univ.)

Study of a Ternary Complex That Drives T Cell

Activation (AI27989-04)

S95.4K

S78K

SI07.7K

S169.9K

S134.7K

S129.IK

S187.2K

S188.IK

S70.3K

S133.6K

S108.9K

S94.9K

S162.9K
46

Hodgson, E. (North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh)

Pesticides and Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzymes

(ESOOO44-27)

Kooyman, G. L. (Univ. California, San Diego)

Exercise Physiology to Maximum Lung Volume in

Aquatic Mammals (HL17731-18)

Ortiz, C. L. (Univ. California, Santa Cruz)

Developmental Physiology of Elephant Seal Pups During

Natural, Prolonged Fasts (GM08132-18)

Department of the Interior

1. Fish and Wildlife Service

Amstrup, S. (AFWRC)

Distribution, Timing, and Importance of Polar Bear

Denning in Northern Alaska (204.01)

Population Definition and Dynamics of Polar Bears in

the Beaufon Sea (204.02)

Relationships Between Polar Bears, Sea Ice, and

Pagophilic Seals (204.03)

Brownell, R. (NERC)

Ecological Studies of Sea Otters and Other Marine

Mammals (880.11)

Interactions Between Sea Otters and Nearshore Ecological

Communities (880.12)

Translocation of Sea Otters (880.13)

DeGange, A. (AFWRC)

Biological Information Necessary to Establish a Zonal

Management Program for Sea Otters in Alaska (210.02)

Interactions Between Sea Otters and Fisheries in Alaska

(210.03)

Basis for Estimating Sustained Yield, and Means for

Regulating Sea Otter Populations in North America (210.04)

Assess the Fate of Sea Otters Oiled and Rehabilitated as a

Result of the "Exxon Valdez" Oil Spill (210.06)

Magnitude, Extent, and Duration of Impacts from the

"Exxon Valdez" Oil Spill on Sea Otter Populations (210.05)

S145.4K

S196.5K

S72.IK

$45.4K

S324K

$47.8K

S263.1K

S132.2K

S348.6K

S212.3K

S36.9K

$-()-

S65K

S515K
47

Garner, G. (AFWRC)

Population Defmition and Dynamics of Polar Bears in

Northwestern and Western Alaska (204.04)

Inter-Relationships Between Sea Ice Habitats and Polar Bear

Distribution in Northwestern Alaska (Bering and Chukchi Sea)

(204.05)

Hills, S. and L. F. Pank (AFWRC & Maine Cooperative Fish and

Wildlife Research Unit)

Techniques to Monitor Walrus Population Dynamics and

Refme Estimates ofNumbers (214.01)

Kitchens, W. (Florida Cooperative Fish and Wildlife

Research Unit)

Manatee Protection Project Survey of Boat Usage Patterns

(540.05)

Evaluation of Manatee Distribution Patterns in Response

to Public Use Activities, Crystal River, Florida (540.06)

Evaluation of Cumulative Impacts to the Habitat of the

Manatee, Crystal River National Wildlife Refuge, Florida (540.07)

Manatee Movements and Foraging in Cumberland Sound and

Adjacent Waters (FL 06)

Klein, D. (Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit)

Walrus Harvest Monitoring in Western Alaska (596.01)

O'Shea, T. (NERC)

Ecological Studies of Martarees and Dugongs (880.10)

Hobe Sound Sea Grass Study (880.61)

Schamberger, M. (NERC)

Develop a Generalized Microcomputer Capability for

Field Offices to Address Large-Scale Resource Assessment

(640.17)

Amstrup, S. (AFWRC)

Distribution, Timing, and Importance of Polar Bear

Denning in Northern Alaska (00018)

Population Definition and Estimation of Survival, Recruiunent, and

Numbers of Polar Bears in the Beaufort Sea (00019)

Relationships Between Polar Bears, Sea Ice Movement and Condition,

and Pagophilic Seals (00020)

$349.8K

33.6K

$195.4K

$..().

$..().

$..().

$25K

$-?-

$340.2K

S54.6K

S19K

S44.4K

S297.7K

S46K
48

Ballachey, B. E. (AFWRC)

Assess the Fate of Sea Ouers Oiled and Rehabilitated as a Result of

the "Exxon Valdez" Oil Spill (00041)

Magnimde, Extent, and Duration of Impacts from the

"Exxon Valdez" Oil Spill on Sea Otter Populations (00042)

Bodkin, J. (AFWRC)

Biological Information Necessary to Establish a Zonal

Management Program for Sea Otters in Alaska (00023)

Interactions Between Sea Otters and Fisheries in Alaska (00024)

Basis for Estimating Sustained Yield, and Means for

Regulating Sea Ouer Populations in North America (00025)

Cronin, M. (AFWRC)

Use of DNA to Define Populations of Birds, Mammals, and

Fish of Alaska (00043)

Estes, J. (NERC)

Ecological Studies of Sea Otters and Other Marine

Mammals (00404)

Interactions Between Sea Ouers and Nearshore Ecological

Communities (00407)

Gamer, G. (AFWRC)

Population Definition and Estimation of Survival, Recruitment, and

Number of Polar Bears in Northwestern and Western Alaska (0002 I)

Inter-Relationships Between Sea Ice Habitats and Polar Bear Distribution

in the Bering and Chukchi Seas in Northwestern Alaska (204.05)

Gilben, J., S. Hills, and M. Udevitz (AFWRC & Maine Cooperative Fish and

Wildlife Research Unit)

Techniques to Monitor Walrus Population Dynamics and

Refine Estimates ofNumbers (00026)

Osborn, R. (NERC)

Develop a Generalized Microcomputer Capability for Field

Offices to Address Large-Scale Resource Assessment (00101)

O'Shea, T. (NERC)

Ecological Smdies of Manatees and Dugongs (00406)

Percival, F. (Florida Coop. Fish and Wildlife Research Unit)

Manatee Movements and Foraging in Cumberland Sound and

Adjacent Waters (FL RWO 65)

Rathbun, G. (NEFSC)

Translocation of Sea Otters (00405)

$43.6K

S934AK

SIIO.5K

S322.9K

S..().

S36K

S322.9K

S269.IK

S340.8K

S31.9K

S183.6K

SI7.IK

$437.2K

S..().

S210AK
49

Amstrup, S. (AFWRC)

Distribution, Timing, and Importance of Polar Bear

Denning in Nonhern Alaska (00018)

Population Definition and Estimation of Survival, Recruitment, and

Numbers of Polar Bears in the Beaufon Sea (00019)

Relationships Between Polar Bears, Sea Ice Movement and Condition,

and Pagophilic Seals (00020)

BaIlachey, B. E. (AFWRC)

Magnitude, Extent, and Duration ofImpacts from the

"Exxon Valdez" Oil Spill on Sea Otter Populations (00042)

Bodkin, J. (AFWRC)

Biological Information Necessary to Establish a Zonal

Management Program for Sea Otters in Alaska (00023)

Interactions Between Sea Otters and Fisheries in Alaska (00024)

Cronin, M. (AFWRC)

Use of DNA to Define Populations of Birds, Mammals, and

Fish of Alaska (00043)

Estes, J. (NERC)

Ecological Studies of Sea Otters and Other Marine

Mammals (00404)

Interactions Between Sea Otters and Nearshore Ecological

Communities (00407)

Garner, G. (AFWRC)

Population Definition and Estimation of Survival, Recruitment, and

Number ofPolar Bears in Northwestern and Western Alaska (00021)

Inter-Relationships Between Sea lee Habitats and Polar Bear Distribution

in the Bering and Chukchi Seas in Northwestern Alaska (00022)

Gilben, J., S. Hills, and M. Udevitz (AFWRC & Maine Cooperative Fish and

Wildlife Research Unit)

Techniques to Monitor Movements for Population Assessment, Age/Sex

Composition, Behavior, and Estimates of Populations of Walrus (00026)

Lefebvre, L. (NERC)

Ecological Studies of Manatees and Dugongs (00406)

Osborn, R. (NERC)

Develop a Generalized Microcomputer Capability for Field

Offices to Address Large-Scale Resource Assessment (00101)

Percival, F. (Florida Coop. Fish and Wildlife Research Unit)

Workship on Florida Manatee Population Dynamics (FL RWO 88)

$44.6K

$289.4K

$42.5K

S438.6K

$81.4K

$204.6K

$36K

$295.4K

$313.5K

$316.5K

$25.1K

$166.6K

$716.4K

SI6.4K

S22.9K
50

Rathbun, G. (NERC)

Translocation of Sea Otters (00405)

2. Geological Survey

EY9Q-FY92

(No projectsreponed)

3. Minerals Management Service

Becleer, P., S. Wise, and R. Zeisler (NOAA, National lust

of Standards and Technology)

Acquisition and Curation of Alaskan Marine Mammal

Tissues for Detennining Levels ofContaminants

Associated with Offshore Oil and Gas Development

(OCSEAP RU 692)

Brueggeman, J. J. (Ebasco, Inc.)

Oregon and Washington Marine Mammal and Seabird

Surveys (14-35-0001-30426)

Burns, J. (Living Resources, Inc.)

Bowhead Whale Boole - Coeditor (PO 83381)

Carvan, M. (Texas A&M Univ.)

A Novel In Vitro System for Marine Toxicological

Analysis (PO 13270)

Davis, R. and T. Williams (Texas A&M Univ.)

Production of Sea Otter Rescue Training Videos and

Monograph (14-35.()()Q1-30522)

Geraci, J. and D. St Aubin (Battelle)

Synthesis of Effects of Oil on Marine Mammals

(14-12.()()Q1-30293)

Goodyear, J. (Univ. Guelph)

Application and Construction of Satellite Tags for Large

Whales (PO 12886)

Rain, J. (Associated Scientists at Woods Hole, MA)

Publication of Scientific Results on Aspects of the

CETAP Program (PO 11206)

Southeast Atlantic Right Whale/Boat Interactions Using

Coordinated Airship Overflights (PO 13269)

Johnson, S. (LGL Alaska Research Associates)

Monitoring Beaufon Sea Waterfowl and Marine Birds;

$24.1K

$107K

$33K

$22.5K

$15.4K

$83.9K

S25K

S18.6K

S19.6K
51

Detennining Use of Kasegaluk Lagoon by Marine Birds and

Mammals (14-35-0001-30491)

Kraus, S. et al. (New England Aquarium)

Endangered Right Whales of the South Atlantic

(14-35-0001-30486)

Lambensen, R. (Univ. Pennsylvania)

A Baseline Method to Evaluate Chemico-Biologicallnteractions

Involving Cetacea (14-12-0001-30533)

LeBoeuf, B. (Unlv. California, Santa Cruz)

Conference on Northern Elephant Seal (14-35-0001-30554)

Diving Studies of Northern Elephant Seals (PO 12485)

(co-funded with NSF)

Mate, B. (Oregon State Univ.)

Applications ofRemote Methods of Large Cetacean

Tracking (14-12-0001-30411)

Mtrroch,S. (N~S)

Workshop on the Estimation of Calf Mortality in the North

Pacific Humpback Whale (PO 13184) (co-funded with NMML & MMC)

Moore, S. (SEACO{SAIC)

Monitoring the Distribution of Chukchi Whales

(14-35-0001-30468)

Mullin, K. (N~S)

Relationship Between Sea Turtles and Petroleum Platfonns

and Whale Species Diversity (14-12-0001-30398)

Phillips, R. L. (NOAA &USGS)

Delineation, Faunal Composition, and Repeated Use of

Benthic Feeding Areas by Walrus and Endangered Gray Whales

in the Northeastern Chukchi Sea (OCSEAP RU 722)

Ragen, T. and P. Dayton (Scripps Institute)

Migration of Northern Fur Seal Pups in the Bering Sea

(PO 12523)

Richardson, W. J. et aI. (LGL Ecological Research Assoc.)

Synthesis of Infonnation on the Effects of Noise on

Marine Mammals (14-12-0001-30362)

Nonnal Behavior of Davis Strait Bowheads: A Control Group

for the Western Arctic Stock (14-12-0001-30390)

Effects ofProduction Activities on Arctic Whales

(14-12-0001-30412)

Schell, D. (Univ. Alaska)

Stable Isotope Analysis of 1987 and 1988 Zooplankton and

$420K

$414.5K

$56.6K

$30K

$27.5K

$329.3K

$8K

$252K

$197.8K

$77.2K

$15K

$-0-

$-0-

S715K
52

Bowhead Whale Tissues (14-12-0001-30472)

Setzler-Hamilton, E. (Univ. Maryland, Eastern Shore)

Development of Visual Matrix Charts Which Categorize

Res=ch Literature on Endangered Whales (14-12-0001-30208)

Treacy, S. D. (MMS, Alaska OCS Region)

Bowhead Whale Aerial Survey Project

Wanzok, D. (Society for Marine Mammalogy)

Bowhead Whale Book (14-35-0004-60148)

Winn, H. E. (Univ. Rhode Island)

South Channel Ocean Productivity Experiment (SCOPEX)

(PO 14669) (co-funded with NSF)

Alaska Sea Grant (NOAA)

Workshop: Key to Declining Marine Mammal and Seabird Populations

(co-funded with Alaska Sea Grant)

Becker, P., S. Wise, and R. Zeisler (NOAA, National lust

ofStandards and Technology)

Acquisition and Curation of Alaskan Marine Mammal

Tissues for Determining Levels ofContaminants

Associated with Offshore Oil and Gas Development

(OCSEAP RU 692)

Brueggeman, J. J. (Ebasco, Inc. and Ecological Consultants, Inc.)

Oregon and Washington Marine Mammal and Seabird

Surveys (14-35-0001-30426)

Bums, J. (Living Resources, Inc.)

Bowhead Whale Book - Coeditor (PO 83381)

Davis, R. (Texas A&M Univ. and NMFS/SEFC)

Distribution and Abundance of Marine Mammals in the

North-Central and Western Gulf of Mexico (14-35-0001-30619)

Production of Sea Oner Rescue Training Videos (14-35-0001-30522)

DeMaster, D. (NMFS/SWFC)

Development of Manual to Address the Issue of Safety During

Aerial Surveys (PO 15156) (co-funded with NMFS/SWFC)

Ford, R. G. (Ecological Consulting, Inc.)

Combining Marine Mammal and Seabird Databases (14-35-0001-30596)

Goodyear, J. (Oniv. Guelph)

Application and Construction of Satellite Tags for Large Whales (pO 12886)

Rain, J. (Associated Scientists at Woods Hole, MA)

Southeast Atlantic Right Whale Behavior and Whale/Boat

$75.7K

$519.3K

$-0-

$5K

$70K

$732.8K

$22.1K

S95.2K

$13.7K
53

Interactions Using Coordinated Airship Overflights (PO 13269)

Publication of Scientific Results on Aspects of the CETAP

Program (pO 1l206)

Johnson, S. and K. Frost (LGL Alaska Research Associates and ADF&G)

Monitoring Beaufon Sea Waterfowl and Marine Birds;

Determining Use of Kasegaluk Lagoon by Marine Birds and

Mammals (14-35-0001-30491)

Kraus, S. et al. (New England Aquarium)

Endangered Right Whales of the South Atlantic

(14-35-0001-30486)

Larnbertsen, R. (Univ. Pennsylvania)

A Baseline Method to Evaluate Chemico-Biologicallnteractions

Involving Cetacea (14-35-0001-30533)

LeBoeuf, B. (Univ. California, Santa Cruz)

Diving Studies of Nonhern Elephant Seals (PO 12485) (co-funded with NSF)

Loughlin, T. (NMML)

Use of Satellite Tags to Determine Pelagic Areas Imponant to

Declining Populations ofFur Seals and Sea Lions (Interagency 144II)

Mate, B. (Oregon State Univ.)

Applications of Remote Methods of Large Cetacean

Tracking (14-12-OOO1-304II)

Moore, S. (SEACO/SAIC)

Monitoring the Distribution of Chukchi Whales

(14-35-0001-30468)

Phillips, R. L. (NOAA &USGS)

Delineation, Faunal Composition, and Repeated Use of

Benthic Feeding Areas by Walrus and Endangered Gray Whales

in the Nonheastern Chukchi Sea (OCSEAP RU 722)

Ralls, K. (Smithsonian Inst.)

Publication of Sea Otter Manuscripts (pO II 134 & 12419)

Richardson, W. J. et al. (LGL Ecological Research Assoc.)

Normal Behavior of Davis Strait Bowheads: A Control Group

for the Western Arctic Stock (14-12-0001-30390)

Synthesis of Information of the Effects of Noise on

Marine Mammals (14-12-0001-30362)

Effects of Production Activities on Arctic Whales (14-12-0001-30412)

Schell, D. (Univ. Alaska)

Stable Isotope Analysis of 1987 and 1988 Zooplankton and

Bowhead Whale Tissues (14-12-0001-30472)

$3.5K

$109K

$195.8K

$..()..

$27.5K

$144K

$58K

$238.7K

$..()..

$6.8K

$..()..

$..()..

$937K

$75.7K
54

Sherman, K. (NMFS/NEFSC)

Workshop: Northeast Shelf Symposium (co-funded with EPA, NMFS, MMC,

American Fisheries Society, and Marine Affairs Program, Univ. Rhode Island) S2K

Treacy, S. D. (MMS, Alaska OCS Region)

Bowhead Whale Aerial Survey Project S184.5K

Truett, J. (LGL Ecological Research Associates)

Development of Guidelines for OCS Operations in Polar

Bear Habitats (14-35-0001-30631) SI66.8K

Wartzok, D. (Society for Marine Mammalogy)

Bowhead Whale Book -- Publication (14-35.()()()4-60148) S.(}.

Winn, H. E. (Univ. Rhode Island)

Great South Channel Ocean Productivity Experiment (PO 14669) S.(}.

Becker, P. (NMFS, Office of Protected Resources)

Alaska Marine Mammal Tissue Archival Project (AMMTAP) (17909)

Bums, J (Living Resources, Inc.)

BowheadBook Coeditor (PO 83381)

Costa, D. (Offive of Naval Research)

Tagging and Tracking Workshop (17906)

Davis, R. (Texas A&M Univ. & NMFS/SEFSC)

Distribution and Abundance of Marine Mammals in the North-Central

and Western Gulf of Mexico (14-35-0001-30619 & 14-35-0001-16197)

DeMaster, D. (NMFS, SWFSC)

Development of Manual to Address the Issue of Safety During Aerial

Surveys of Marine Mammals (PO 15156)

Ford, R. G. (Ebasco Environmental Co. and Ecological Consulting, Inc.)

Combining Marine Mammal and Seabird Databases (14-35-0001-30596)

Frost, K., L. Lowry, and R. Davis (Alaska Dept Fish and Game and

Texas A&M Univ.)

Hauling Out and At-Sea Behavior of Spotted Seals in Kasegaluk Lagoon

(PO 16576)

Hain, J. (Associated Scientists at Woods Hole, MA)

Mitigating Human Impacts on Right Whale Calving and Nursery Grounds

(PO 16259)

Johnson, S. and K. Frost (LGL Alaska Research Associates)

Monitoring Beaufort Sea Waterfowl and Marine Birds/Detennining Use of

Kasegaluk Lagoon by Marine Birds and Mammals (14-35-0001-30491)

Kraus, S. (New England Aquarium; Univ. Rhode Island)

Endangered Right Whale of the South Atlantic (14-35·0001-30486)

$6OK

S18K

S15K

S1l82.8K

S.(}.

$6K

S25K

SI2.5K

S-oS.(}.
55

Lambertson, R. (Univ. Pennsylvania Medical Center)

Baseline Method to Evaluate Chemico-Biological Interactions Involving

Cetacea (14-35-0001-30533) $-QLeBoeuf, B. (Univ. California, Santa Cruz)

Diving Study of Nonhern Elephant Seal (pO 12485) $25K

Loughlin, T. (NMFS/NMML)

Use of Satellite Tags to Detennine Pelagic Areas Important to Declining

Populations of Fur Seals and Sea Lions (14411) $-QMate, B. (Oregon State Univ.)

Application ofRemote Methods of Large Cetacean Tracking

(14-12-0001-30411) . $189.1K

Moore, S. (SAIC, Maritime Services Division)

Monitoring the Distribution of Chukchi Whales (14-35-0001-30468) $-QPhillips, R. L. and H. Nelson (USGS)

Delineation, Faunal Composition, and Repeated Use of Benthic Feeding

Areas by Walrus and Endangered Gray Whales in the Nonheastern

Chukchi Sea (14157) $-QRichardson, W. J. (LGL Ecological Research Associates)

Effects ofProduction Activities on Arctic Whales (14-12-0001-30412) $549.8K

Richardson, W. J., C. R. Green, C. 1. Malme, and D. H. Thomson

(LGL Ecological Research Associates)

Effects of Noise on Marine Mammals (14-35-0001-30673) $80K

Schell, D. (Univ. Alaska, Fairbanks)

Stable Isotope Analysis of 1987 and 1988 Zooplankton and Bowhead

Whale Tissues (14-I2-0001-30472) $-QTreacy, S. D. (MMS, Alaska OCS Region)

Bowhead Whale Aerial Survey Project (MMS-DOl & 14-35-0001-12493) $512.8K

Truett,J. (LGL Ecological Research Associates)

Development of Guidelines for OCS Operations in Polar Bear Habitats

(14-35-0001-30631) $-QWartzok, D. (Society for Marine Marnmalogy)

Bowhead Whale Book -- Publication (60148) S36.8K

Winn, H. E. (Univ. Rhode Island)

Great South Channel Ocean Productivity Experiment (SCOPEX) (pO 14669) $-Q4. National Park Service

Rice, B. (NPS)

Sea Lion, Harbor Seal, Sea Otter Surveys: Assessment of Oil
56

Spill, Kenai Fjords National Park, Alaska

Squibb, R. (NPS)

Sea Lion, Harbor Seal, Sea Otter Surveys: Assessment of

Oil Spill, Katmai National Park and Preserve, Alaska

Gabriele, C. (NPS)

Humpback Whale Monitoring, Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska

Potts, R. (NPS)

Sea Lion and Harbor Seal Survey in Katmai National Park, Alaska

Schroeder, M. (NPS)

Steller Sea Lion Surveys, Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska

Harbor Seal Census, Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska

Sharman, L. (NPS)

Whale Prey Monitoring at Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska

Taggert, J. (NPS)

Killer Whale Monitoring, Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska

Barlow, J. and M. Lowry (NMFS/SWFSC)

Pinniped Population Assessments

Benz, C. (USFWS)

Southern Sea Otter Relocation

DeLong, R. and S. Melin (NMFS/NMML)

Monitoring of Northern Fur Seals, California Sea Lions, Guadalupe

Fur Seals, and Harbor Seals at Channel Islands National Park

DeLong, Roo S. Melin, J. Thomason, B. Hanson, and S. Osmek (NMFS)

Effects of Organochlorine Pollutant Residues on California Sea Lions

Gabriele, C. (NPS, Glacier Bay National Park)

Population Monitoring of Humpback Whales in Glacier Bay and

Adjacent Waters

Hanan, D. (California Dept. Fish and Game)

Harbor Seal Monitoring

Irvine, G. and L. Daniel (NPS/Office of Coastal Processes)

Population Monitoring of Harbor Seals in Kenai Fjords National Park and

Pinniped Survey of Katrnai National Park Coastline

Matthews, E. (NMFS/NMML)

Population Assessment of Harbor Seals in Glacier Bay

$30K

$20K

$20.9K

$10K

$l.2K

$l.5K

$27.5K

$5.4K

$15K

$360K

$l00K

$400K

$16K

$220K

$ 10K

S7K
57

Schroeder, M. (NPS, Alaska Regional Office of Natural Resources)

Sea Lion Surveys in Glacier Bay and Adjacent Waters

Stewart, B. (Hubbs/Sea World Research Institute)

Northern Elephant Seal Population Biology

Department of State

Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and

Scientific Affairs

Gambell, R. (International Whaling Commission)

Research Fund of the International Whaling Commission

Joseph, J. (Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission)

PorpoisefTuna Investigations

Powell D. L. (Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic

Marine Living Resources)

Scientific Committee Budget

Gambell, R. (International Whaling Commission)

Research Fund ofthe International Whaling Commission

Joseph, J. (Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission)

PorpoisefTuna Investigations

Powell D. L. (Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic

Marine Living Resources)

Scientific Commiuee Budget

Cetacean Specialist Group (World Conservation Union--IUCN)

Research on Endangered Small Cetaceans

Gambell, R. (International Whaling Commission)

Research Fund of the International Whaling Commission

Joseph, J. (Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission)

PorpoisefTuna Investigations

Environmental ProtectioD Agency

Haebler, R. and R. K. Harris (Environmental Research Laboratory

and Armed Forces Institute of Pathology)

Assessment of Pathological Processes and Mechanisms

of Toxicity in Sea Otters That Died Following Exxon Valdez Oil Spill

S2K

SI70K

S8.3K

Sl138.4K

S1.8K

S8.2K

S1225.8K

Sl.2K

$-?-

$45K

Sl443.9K

S50K
58

Haebler, R. and D. KueW (Environmental Research Laboratory)

Environmental Pathotoxicology of Dolphins

Haebler, R. and R. K. Harris (EPAlEnvironmentai Research Laboratory

and Armed Forces Institute of Pathology)

Assessment of Pathological Processes and Mechanisms

of Toxicity in Sea Otters That Died Following Exxon

Valdez Oil Spill

Haebler, R. and D. Kuehl (EPAlEnvironmentai Research Laboratory)

Environmental Pathotoxicology of Dolphins

Haebler, R. and J. Lake (EPAlEnvironmentai Research Laboratory)

Evaluation of Tissue Contaminant Concentrations in

Harbor Seals as Monitors ofTemporal Trends of Pollution

in Near Coastal Environments

Sentinel Species (cetaceans)

Haebler, R. and R. K. Harris (EPAlEnvironmentai Research Laboratory

and Armed Forces Institute of Pathology)

Assessment of Pathological Processes and Mechanisms of Toxicity in

Sea Otters That Died Following Exxon Valdez Oil Spill

Haebler, R. and D. Kuehl (EPAlEnvironmental Research Laboratory)

Environmental Pathotoxicology of Dolphins

Haebler, R. and J. Lake (EPAlEnvironmental Research Laboratory)

Evaluation of Tissue Contaminant Concentrations in

Harbor Seals as Monitors of Temporal Trends of Pollution

in Near Coastal Environments

Sentinel Species (cetaceans)

Marine Mammal Commission

Buckland, S. (Scottish Agricultural Statistical Service,

Aberdeen, Scotland)

Review of Information Concerning Small Cetacean

Populations in the Black Sea (175133135)

Domning, D. P. (Howard Vniv.)

Communication of Information Concerning Conservation

of Manar.ees and Dugongs (175132327)

Fay, F. H. (Univ. Alaska)

International Workshop On the Ecology and Management

550K

S80K

S50K

S50K

S32.2K

S-0-

S25K

S25K

$46.2K

SIK

SO.8K
59

of Walrus Populations (T75132903)

Haigh, J. C. etal. (USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service)

Training Course for APIDS Veterinary Inspectors

Justman, R. A.

Tern Island Site Survey (T75132669 & 175132709)

Kellen, S. R. (Yale Univ.)

Development of a Global Marine Environment Ethic (T75I32932)

Kraus, S. D. and R. D. Kenney (New England Aquarium and Univ. Rhode Island)

Evaluation of Critical Right Whale Habitat (T75133753 & 175133740)

LeBoeuf, B. J. (Univ. California, Santa Cruz)

International Conference on Northern and Southern

Elephant Seal (T75133724)

National Marine Fisheries Service

Workshop to Develop a Recommended Protocol for

Evaluating Swim-With-A-Dolphin Programs

Center for Marine Conservation

World Conservation Union: Species Survival Commission

Cetacean Action Plan (T75133685)

Pitcher, K. W. (Alaska Dept ofFish and Game)

Tugidak Island Harbor Seal Survey (T75133261)

Reif, J. S. and R. S. Wells (Dept. Environmenla! Health, Ft. Collins,

Colorado, and the Brookfield Zoo)

Review of Gulf of Mexico Bottlenose Dolphin Die-off

Investigation (T75132851 &175132864)

Scientific Comminee on Antarctic Research (Scott Polar Research

Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom)

Handbook on Antarctic Seal Research Methods and Techniques (T75133672)

Swartzman, G. L., J. J. Brueggeman, and K. A. Green-Hammond

(Univ. Washington; EBASCO Environmenla!, Albuquerque, NM»

Workshop on the Bering Sea and Southern Ocean

Ecosystems (T75I33193, 175133656, 175133669)

Townsend, R. L. (Townsend Environmental, Otis, OR)

Review ofInformation Concerning Humpback Whales in

Hawaii (T75132495)

Waring, G. H. (Southern Illinois Univ., Carbondale)

Survey ofFederally-Funded Marine Mammal Research (T75133724)

Watkins, W. A. (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)

Development of a Computerized Cetacean Bibliography (175133685)

S2K

S6.4K

S3.7K

S5K

S2K

S2K

S7.IK

$6K

S5K

SIK

S2K

S33.3K

S7.4K

S3.5K

SIK
60

Wiirsig, B. (Texas A&M Univ., Galveston)

Boulenose Dolphins as Possible Environmental Indicators (175133708)

Aguilar, A. (Univ. Barcelona)

Mediterranean Dolphin Die-off Sample Archiving (T75134516)

Bruchhausen, P. (Condor Expeditions, New York)

Marine Mammal Harvests in Argentina (175134011)

Calkins, D. (Alaska Dept of Fish and Game)

Update of Steller Sea Lion Species Account (175136613)

Clapham, P. J. (Center for Coastal Studies, Provincetown, MA)

Project YONAH (Years of the North Atlantic Humpback Whale) (175136349)

Dearborn, R. K. (Univ. Alaska, Fairbanks)

Field Guide to Alaska Marine Mammals (175136394)

Geraci, J. and G. Miller (Univ. Guelph and Navigation Systems Command)

On-site Evaluation of the Striped Dolphin Die-offin the Western

Mediterranean (175133818)

Hain, J. (Associated Scientists at Woods Hole, MA)

Airship Surveys of Right Whale Mother/CalfPairs (175136394)

Hoover-Miller, A. (pacific Rim Research, Philo, CA, & Haines, AK)

Update of Alaska Harbor Seal Species Account (175134749)

Alaska Marine Mammal Geographic Information System

Feasibility Study (175136297)

Kelly, B. P. (Univ. Alaska, Fairbanks)

Pacific Walrus Draft Conservation Plan (175136051)

Kimmel, M., K. Wynne, and S. Montgomery (Alaska Sea Otter Commission,

Univ. Alaska-Cordova, and Woodstock, Virginia)

Alaska Sea Otter Conservation Plan (175136064, T75136226, T75136336)

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State Univ., Newport)

Identification ofPrograms Needed to Meet the Monitoring Requirements

of Section 101(a)(5) of the Marine Mammal Protection Act (175134833)

Navy Briefing on the Bombing of Sea Lion Rock (175134736)

Matkin, C. (North Gulf Oceanic Society, Homer, AK)

Alaska Killer Whale Species Account (175135023)

Miles, E. (Univ. Washington)

Workshop to Identify Issues Meriting Priority Attention by the NewlyFormed North Pacific Marine Science Organization (T75136420)

S3.5K

S2K

SO.5K

S2.5K

$4K

S2K

SlOAK

S2K

$4K

S5.7K

S5K

S3K

Sl.lK

S1.4K

S5AK

S5AK
61

Mizroch, S., C. Baker, and J. Calambokidis (NMFS; Univ. Wellington; and

Cascadia Research Collective, Olympia, WA)

Humpback Whale Calf MonaJity Workshops (T75I36352)

Nail, D. L. (Eckerd College, St, Petersburg, FL.)

Selected International Agreements and Domestic Legislation Affecting

Marine Resources and Marine Habitat (T75135573)

Northridge, S.

Second Order Effects of Large-scale High-seas Drifmet Fisheries

on the North Pacific Marine Ecosystem (T75135269, T75136200)

Read, A. (Dolphin Biology Research Associates, Sarasota, FL.)

Harbor Porpoise Age Determination by Tooth Sectioning (T7513638I)

Sherman, K. (NMFS)

Symposium on the Northeast Atlantic Shelf Ecosystem: Stress,

Mitigation, and Sustainability (T75135654) (co-funded with MMS)

Townsend, R. (Townsend Environmental, Otis, OR)

Review of the Department of the Interior's Draft Report to Congress on

the Impact ofPotential Crude-Oil Spills on the Arctic Ocean on

Alaska Natives (T75135764)

Waring, G. H. (Southern Illinois Univ., Carbondale)

Survey ofFederally-Funded Marine Mammal Research (T75136103)

Wilson, W. (LGL Alaska Research Associates, Inc.)

Amendments to the Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands Ground Fish Fishery

Management Plan (T75I3501O)

Worthy, G. A. J. (Texas A&M Univ., Galveston)

Energetic Studies of Manatee Calves and Mothers (T75136365)

Ainley, D. G. (point Reyes Bird Observatory)

Symposium on the Biology of the White Shark (T940704l5)

Baur, D. C. (perkins Coie, Washington, D.C.)

Analysis of United States Authority for Implementing the 1973

Agreement on the Conservation of Polar Bears (T94071388)

Review of the Possible Legal Ramifications of the Recent GAIT Panel

Decision on the Tuna-Porpoise Issue (T9407I375)

Carr, T. (Caribbean Conservation Corp., Gainesville, FL.)

Manatee Surveys in the Miskito Marine and Coastal Reserve,

Nicaragua (T94070376)

Center for Marine Conservation, Washington, D.C.

Implementation of the World Conservation Union's Action Plan for

the Conservation of Dolphins, Porpoises, and Whales (T9407I605)

S3.5K

S2.3K

Sl6K

S3K

S2K

SO.5K

S3.5K

S5K

S4K

SIK

SI4K

S17K

S3.3K

S3K
62

Data Conversion Services, American Society of International Law, and

Editorial Experts

Compendium ofInternational Treaties and Agreements Bearing Upon the

Conservation and Protection of Marine Mammals and Other Marine

Living Resources (T94070978)

Damning, P. (Howard Univ.)

Publication of "Sirenews" (T94069688)

Geraci, J. R. (J. R. Geraci and Associates, Guelph, Ontario, Canada)

Cape Cod Aquarium Inspection (T94071595)

Gradwohl, J. (Smithsonian Institution)

Proposal Preparation by the Smithsonian Institution for the Ocean

Planet Exhibit (T94071016)

Hain, J. (Associated Scientists at Woods Hole, Woods Hole, MA)

Airship Surveys of Right Whales Off the Coast of Florida and Georgia

(T94070460)

Kawerak, Inc., Nome, Alaska

Implementation of the Walrus Conservation Plan (1"94071579)

Kenney, R. D. (Univ. Rhode Island and Aero Marine Surveys)

Assessment of the Paucity ofRight Whales and Other Cetaceans Off

the New England Coast in Spring 1992 (1"94070648 & T94070635)

Koretsky, I. A.

Maintenance of the Smithsonian Institution's Remington Kellog Library

(T94070871)

Lounsbury, V. (Literature Research & Illustration, Salford, Ontario, Canada)

Illustration of a Field Guide to Marine Mammal Strandings (T94071618)

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State Univ., Newpon)

Representation of the Marine Mammal Commission at the Seventeenth

International Meeting for the Study of Marine Mammals (T94070208)

Mecklenburg, C. (point Stevens Press, Auke Bay, Alaska)

Editing and Publication of Species Accounts Concerning Steller Sea Lions,

Harbor Seals, and Killer Whales in Alaska (T94071029)

Naveen, R. F. (Oceanites, Cookesville, MO)

Conference on Tourism in Polar Areas (T94070198)

Reijniders, P. J. H. (Research Institute for Nature Management, Ben Burg, Neth.)

Preparation of a Pinniped Action Plan (1"94070651)

Talbot, L. (Lee Talbot Associates International, McLean, VA)

New Principles for the Conservation of Wild Living Resources (T94071553)

University of Hawaii; Sea Grant Program

Hawaii Humpback Whale Research Coordination Meeting (T94069523)

S81.5

S1.2K

S2K

S3K

S12K

S5K

SI6.4K

$6K

S2K

SI.2K

S10K

SO.5K

S3.3K

S51K

SI.5K
63

Villa-Ramirez, B. (Naturalia, Coyoacan, Mexico)

Preparation of a Recovery Plan for the Vaquita (1'94070800)

Waring, G. H. (Southern Illinois Univ., Carbondale)

Survey ofFederally-Funded Marine Mammal Research (T94070994)

Wiirsig, B. G. (Texas A&M Univ., Galveston)

Health ofBottlenose Dolphins in Texas Coastal Waters (T94070596)

National Aeronautics and Space AdministratioD

Lefebvre, L. and J. A. Provancha (USFWS & NASA)

Determination of Long Term Changes in a Seagrass Bed

Protected from Grazing by Manatees (NASIQ-1l62AX)

Prevancha, J. A. (NASA)

Long Term Monitoring of Distribution and Abundance of

Manatees at Kennedy Space Center, Florida (NAS 1O-11624A)

Lefebvre, L. and J. A. Provancha (USFWS & NASA)

Determination ofLong Term Changes in a Seagrass Bed

Excluded from Grazing by Manatees (NASIO-1l624·EX)

Provancha, J. A., M. Provancha, and R. Reddick (NASA)

Long Term Monitoring of the Abundance and Distribution of

Manatees on Kennedy Space Center, Florida (NASIQ-1l624-A)

Lefebvre, L. and J. A. Provancha (USFWS & Bionetics Corp.,

Kennedy Space Center, FL)

Determination of Long Term Changes in a Seagrass Bed

Excluded from Grazing by Manatees (NAS 1O-11624-EX)

Provancha, J. A., M. Provancha, and R. Reddick (The Bionetics Corp.,

Ecological Programs, Kennedy Space Center, FL)

Long Term Monitoring of the Abundance and Distribution of

Manatees on Kennedy Space Center, Florida (NASIQ-1l624-A)

National Science FoundatioD

Beardsley, R. C. and R. Limeburner (Woods Hole

Oceanographic Institution)

Springtime Circulation in the Great South Channel

(SCOPEX) (OCE-8713988)

Frost, B. and M. Macauley (Univ. Washington)

Acoustics of Copepods and Micronekton in the Great

S8K

$4.5K

S3.5K

S5.2K

S13.9K

S7.5K

SIOK

S6.5K

SIOK

S83.3K
64

South Channel (OCE-8915844)

Rain, J. (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)

Airships in Cetacean Research (OCE-9009431)

LeBoeuf, B. (Univ. California, Santa Cruz)

Diving Studies of Northern Elephant Seals (BSR-89169677)

(co-funded with MMS)

Biological Studies of Northern Elephant Seals (BSR-8919933)

Diving and Foraging Behavior of Northern Elephant Seals (INT-9016374)

Miyamoto, M. (Univ. Florida)

Molecular Systematics of Eutherian Mammals and

Other Species (BSR-8945103)

Palumbi, S. (Univ. Hawaii)

Genetic Diversity of Endangered Populations of Mysticete

Whales: Mitochondrial DNA and Historical Demography (BSR-9000006)

Smuts, B. (Univ. Michigan)

Social Behavior in Apes and Dolphins (BNS-885769)

Testa, J. (Univ. Alaska)

Dispersal and Diving Behavior of Seals Determined

by Satellite Telemetry (DPP-88-16567)

Tyack, P. and L. Sayigh (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)

Development of Signature Whistles in Free-Ranging

Bottlenose Dolphins (BNS-9014545)

Winn, H. E. et al. (Univ. Rhode Island)

South Channel Ocean Productivity Experiment (SCOPEX) (OCE-8915844)

Beardsley, R. C. and R. Limeburner (Woods Hole

Oceanographic Institution)

Springtime Circulation in the Great South Channel

(SCOPEX) (0CE-9101034)

Berta, A. (San Diego State Univ.)

Phylogenetic Relationships Within the Phocid

Pinniped Clade (BSR-9006535)

Costa, D. P. and R. Wells (Univ. California, Santa Cruz)

Energetics of Free-ranging Bottlenose Dolphins (OCE-9018626)

Felten, D. L. (Univ. Rochester)

Neural-Immune Interactions in the Beluga Whale (DCB-9105791)

Palumbi, S. R. (Univ. Hawaii)

CRB: Genetic Diversity of Endangered Populations of Mysticete Whales:

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S48.6K

S55K

S70K

S17.9K

S25K

S130K

S66.5K

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S9.1K

S173K

S200.2K

S59.8K

S78.8K

S54.6K
65

MitochondriaI DNA and Historical Demography (BSR-9000006)

Siniff, D. (Univ. Minnesota)

The Behavioral Ecology of Sea Otters at Amchitka Island, Alaska

(DPP-910II34)

Smuts, B. (Univ. Michigan)

Social Behavior in Apes and Dolphins (BNS-88-57%9)

Testa, J. (Univ. Alaska)

Dispersal and Diving Behavior of Seals Determined

by Satellite Telemetry (DPP-88-16567)

Tyack, P. and L. Sayigh (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)

Development of Signature Whistles in Free-ranging Bottlenose

Dolphins (BNS-9Q-I4545)

Wartzok, D. (Univ. Missouri, St. Louis)

Under·lce Behavior of Ringed Seals (DPP-9024106)

Wonhy, G. A. (Texas A&M Univ.)

Free-Ranging Energetics of Bottlenose Dolphins (OCE-9019962)

Berta, A. (San Diego State Univ.)

Phylogenetic Relationships Within the Phocoid Pinniped Clade

(BSR-9006535)

Costa, D. P. and R. Wells (Univ. California, Santa Cruz)

Energetics ofFree-Ranging Bottlenose Dolphins (OCE-9018626)

Felten, D. A. (Univ. Rochester)

Neural-Immune Interactions in the Beluga Whale (DCB-9105791)

Reep, R. (Univ. Rorida)

Manatee Cerebral Cortex and Comparative Volumeuics (IBN-91-20450)

Siniff, D. (Univ. Minnesota)

The Behavioral Ecology of Sea Otters at Amchitka Island, Alaska

(DPP-910II34)

Smuts, B. (Univ. Michigan)

Social Behavior in Apes and Dolphins (BNS-995769)

Testa, J. and M. Castellini (Univ. Alaska)

Physiological Development and Survival ofJuvenile Weddell Seals

DPP-9119885)

Wartzok, D. (Univ. Missouri, St. Louis)

Under-Ice Behavior ofRinged Seals (DPP-9024106)

Welker, W. (Univ. Wisconsin, Madison)

Comparative Neuroanatomical Study of the Brain (IBN-11934)

S49K

S174.3K

S66.5K

S51.4K

S-OS102.6K

S2l.1K

S5K

S81.9K

S57.1K

S50K

S122.4K

S62.5K

S227.1K

S98.7K

S61.5K
66

Worthy, G. A. (Texas A&M Univ.)

Free-Ranging Energetics of Boulenose Dolphins (OCE-9019962)

zapol, W. (Massachusetts General Hospital)

Physiological Studies of Free-Diving Weddell Seals (DPP-9118 192)

Smithsonian InstjtutioD

Mead, J. G. (Museum of Natural History)

Marine Mammal Program (80337100)

Mead, J. G. (Museum ofNatural History)

Marine Mammal Program (80337100)

Mead, J. G. (Museum of Natural History)

Marine Mammal Program (82337100)

S23.4K

S150.1

SI65K

S169K.

SI44.4K