J-A06023-16

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

IRA H. WEINSTOCK, P.C. IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF

PENNSYLVANIA

Appellant

v.

RONALD T. TOMASKO, JULIE A. 

KORANDA, AS ADMINISTRATRIX OF THE 

ESTATE OF MICHAEL A. KORANDA, AND 

TOMASKO AND KORANDA, P.C.

Appellees No. 1177 MDA 2015

Appeal from the Order Entered June 19, 2015

In the Court of Common Pleas of Dauphin County

Civil Division at No(s): 2000-CV-2292

BEFORE: LAZARUS, J., STABILE, J., and DUBOW, J.

MEMORANDUM BY LAZARUS, J.: FILED JULY 26, 2016

Ira H. Weinstock, P.C. (“Weinstock”), appeals from the order entered 

in the Court of Common Pleas of Dauphin County denying Weinstock’s 

petition to strike judgment of non pros or, alternatively, petition to open 

entry of judgment of non pros. Upon careful review, we affirm.

This matter arises from two actions initiated by Weinstock in 1997 and 

2000, which were subsequently consolidated upon Weinstock’s motion in 

June 2005. Weinstock filed an amended complaint, incorporating the claims 

from the two original actions, on August 1, 2005.1 Specifically, Weinstock 

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1 Appellees filed preliminary objections to this complaint, which were denied 

on December 29, 2006. 
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alleged that Ronald Tomasko and Michael Koranda, employees of the 

Weinstock law firm working as associate attorneys, wrongfully induced 

numerous clients to sever their relationships with Weinstock and retain 

Appellees as counsel after Appellees left to form their own firm, Tomasko 

and Koranda, P.C.2 

The trial court set forth the relevant procedural history as follows:

Defendants filed a notice of death of Michael A. Koranda on 

January 15, 2007, and subsequently moved to substitute the 

administratrix of his estate as a Defendant. On January 25, 

2007, Defendants filed an Answer with New Matter and 

Counterclaim. Plaintiff filed a Reply to New Matter and Answer 

to Counterclaim on March 28, 2007. On May 18, 2007, 

Defendants filed a Reply to Plaintiff’s new matter on the 

counterclaim. There was no meaningful docket activity from that 

date until June 6, 2012, when a second[3] Notice of Proposed 

Intention to Terminate Court Case due to lack of docket activity 

was issued by the court. 

On August 1, 2012, Plaintiff filed its Statement of Intention to 

Proceed. The [c]ourt issued an [o]rder on September 6, 2012, 

requiring the parties to discuss timelines to move [the] case 

forward. The parties filed a Joint Status Report on October 12, 

2012, stating that their discovery plan would take approximately 

ninety (90) days to complete. Once discovery was completed, 

the parties would file dispositive motions if necessary. 

Defendants filed a motion to extend time for discovery, which 

was granted on December 17, 2012. By that [o]rder, discovery 

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2 The consolidated amended complaint contained counts of interference with 

contract, breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, quantum meruit, 

defamation, and a request for an accounting of all monies “received on 

behalf of or from individuals and entities who were formerly clients of Ira H. 

Weinstock, P.C.” Amended Complaint, 8/1/05, at ¶ 167. 

3 The trial court had previously issued a notice of proposed termination due 

to inactivity with respect to the second action filed by Weinstock in 2000.
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was due to be completed on or before February 13, 2013, with 

dispositive motions due on or before March 15, 2013.

On March 15, 2013, Defendants filed a Motion for Judgment of 

Non Pros and, in the Alternative, for Summary Judgment, and 

brief in support thereof. Plaintiff filed its Answer and brief in 

opposition thereto on April 15, 2013. Defendants were granted 

leave to file a reply brief, which was filed on May 6, 2013. On 

January 30, 2014, Defendants filed a Certificate of Readiness for 

the motion.

This [c]ourt heard oral argument on Defendants’ [m]otion on 

March 13, 2014. On April 4, 2014, this [c]ourt issued an [o]rder 

granting Defendants’ [m]otion, and directing the Prothonotary to 

enter a Judgment of Non Pros against Plaintiff for the following 

reasons: (1) Plaintiff has shown a want of due diligence in 

failing to proceed with reasonable promptitude; (2) there was no 

compelling reason for the delay; and (3) the delay has caused 

prejudice to the Defendants in their ability to defend against the 

action.

Plaintiff filed an appeal on May 2, 2014, but subsequently 

withdrew and discontinued the appeal. On July 3, 2014, Plaintiff 

filed a Petition to Strike Judgment of Non Pros, or Alternatively, 

Petition to Open Judgment of Non Pros. Both parties filed briefs 

as well as supplemental briefs following the status conference on 

September 29, 2014. [The court entered an order denying 

Plaintiff’s petition to strike or open on June 19, 2015.]

Trial Court Opinion, 6/19/15, at 3-4 (internal footnotes omitted). 

This timely appeal follows, in which Weinstock raises the following 

issues for our review:

1. Whether the trial court erred and abused its discretion in its 

application of [Pa.R.C.P.] 3051 in denying [Weinstock’s] petition 

to strike judgment of non pros[.]

2. Whether the trial court erred and abused its discretion in 

granting Appellees’ [motion for judgment of non pros] and 

denying [Weinstock’s] petition based upon a period of alleged 

inactivity already assessed and remedied by another judge of the 

same court[.]
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3. Whether the trial court erred and abused its discretion in 

failing to find that Appellees waived or did not preserve any right 

to request a judgment of non pros where Appellees had unclean 

hands and failed to raise or maintain the issue at the earliest or 

any other appropriate time.

Brief of Appellant, at 4. 

We begin by noting that any appeal related to a judgment of non pros

lies not from the judgment itself, but from the denial of a petition to open or 

strike. Bartolomeo v. Marshall, 69 A.3d 610, 613-14 (Pa. Super. 2013) 

(citation omitted). An order denying a petition to open a judgment of non 

pros, while not disposing of all parties and all claims, is an interlocutory 

order immediately appealable as of right. Smith v. Friends Hosp., 928 

A.2d 1072, 1074 (Pa. Super. 2007). 

A trial court’s decision to deny a petition to open or strike a judgment 

of non pros is scrutinized under the abuse of discretion standard of appellate 

review. Madrid v. Alpine Mountain Corp., 24 A.3d 380, 382 (Pa. Super. 

2011), citing Parkway Corp. v. Margolis Edelstein, 861 A.2d 264, 265 

(Pa. Super. 2004). An abuse of discretion may not be found merely because 

an appellate court might have reached a different conclusion, but requires a 

manifest unreasonableness, or partiality, prejudice, bias, or ill-will, or such 

lack of support so as to be clearly erroneous. Dibish v. Ameriprise Fin., 

Inc., 134 A.3d 1079, 1095 (Pa. Super. 2016). 

To dismiss a case for inactivity pursuant to a defendant’s motion for 

non pros, there must first be a lack of due diligence on the part of the 

plaintiff in failing to proceed with reasonable promptitude. Second, the 
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plaintiff must have no compelling reason for the delay. Finally, the delay 

must cause actual prejudice to the defendant. Jacobs v. Halloran, 710 

A.2d 1098, 1103 (Pa. 1998).

A request to open a judgment of non pros,

4

like the opening of a 

default judgment, is in the nature of an appeal to the equitable powers of 

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4 Rule of Civil Procedure 3051 governs relief from a judgment of non pros

and provides, in relevant part, as follows:

(a) Relief from a judgment of non pros shall be sought by 

petition. All grounds for relief, whether to strike off the judgment 

or to open it, must be asserted in a single petition.

. . .

(c) If the relief sought includes the opening of the judgment of 

non pros for inactivity, the petition shall allege facts showing 

that

(1) the petition is timely filed,

(2) there is a meritorious cause of action, and

(3) the record of the proceedings granting the judgment of 

non pros does not support a finding that the following 

requirements for entry of a judgment of non pros for 

inactivity have been satisfied:

(i) there has been a lack of due diligence on the part of 

the plaintiff for failure to proceed with reasonable 

promptitude,

(ii) the plaintiff has failed to show a compelling reason 

for the delay, and

(iii) the delay has caused actual prejudice to the 

defendant.

Pa.R.C.P. 3051.
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the court and, in order for the judgment of non pros to be opened, a threepronged test must be satisfied: (1) the petition to open must be promptly 

filed; (2) the default or delay must be reasonably explained or excused; and 

(3) facts must be shown to exist that support a cause of action. Madrid, 24 

A.3d at 381; Pa.R.C.P. 3051.

Here, Weinstock initially argues that the trial court erred in its 

application of Rule 3051 in denying his petition to open. Specifically, 

Weinstock asserts that the record does not support a finding that the three 

prongs of subsection (c)(3), regarding the requirements for entry of 

judgment non pros, have been satisfied. First, Weinstock asserts that he did 

not demonstrate a lack of due diligence in prosecuting the case because his 

diligence “was frustrated by circumstances” involving his inability to obtain 

his file from his former counsel, Karen Coates, Esquire, who had left the 

private practice of law. Brief of Appellant, at 12. Second, Weinstock claims 

that, contrary to the trial court’s finding, he did, in fact, offer compelling 

reasons for the delay. Specifically, Weinstock again cites to his difficulties in 

obtaining Attorney Coates’ file, as well as extensive litigation in federal court 

regarding “many issues similar to those asserted by the Appellees in this 

case.” Id. at 13. Finally, Weinstock claims that Appellees did not suffer 

actual prejudice because the death of defendant Michael Koranda, which 

both Appellees and the court cite as prejudicial to Appellees’ ability to defend 

themselves, actually occurred prior to the period of inactivity. Weinstock 

also asserts that Appellees did not demonstrate actual prejudice resulting 
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from the absence and/or death of several clients. This claim is without 

merit. 

Initially, Weinstock’s argument regarding due diligence is unavailing. 

Although he asserts that he was unable to obtain his file from Attorney 

Coates, Weinstock neglects to note that he, himself, had been signing 

pleadings since January 2005, over two years before the period of inactivity 

began. Indeed, it appears that Attorney Coates never appeared on a 

distribution list for any court order in this matter after June 2006, having 

been replaced by Weinstock himself. Because Weinstock had essentially 

taken over his own representation more than two years prior to the period of 

inactivity, it defies credulity that he would nevertheless assign blame for the 

inaction to an attorney who had not had an active role in the litigation for an 

extended period of time. Accordingly, the court did not err in finding that 

Weinstock did not satisfy the due diligence prong of the inquiry. See Metz 

Contracting, Inc. v. Riverwood Builders, Inc., 520 A.2d 891, 894 (Pa. 

Super. 1987) (mere neglect or inadvertence of counsel to proceed over 

period of three years is inadequate to signify good cause for reinstatement). 

Weinstock’s claim that the court erred in failing to find he established 

compelling reasons for the delay is similarly without merit. In addition to 

blaming prior counsel, Weinstock asserts that allegedly-related “extensive 

litigation” in other fora hindered his ability to proceed with the instant 

matter. However, Weinstock has provided no proof, other than a bald claim, 

that the other cases involving the Appellees prevented him from pursuing his 
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claims in this matter. Nor has he provided any legal support for the idea 

that docket activity from unrelated actions may compensate for lack of 

activity in another case so as to successfully forestall a judgment of non pros

in the latter. Accordingly, the trial court did not err in concluding that 

Weinstock did not show a compelling reason for the delay. 

Finally, Weinstock has not demonstrated that the trial court committed 

an abuse of discretion in finding that the Appellees had been prejudiced by 

the period of inactivity. In its opinion, the court concluded that the totality 

of the circumstances, including the deaths of Michael Koranda and witness 

Richard Weschitz, the advanced age of some witnesses, and the inability to 

locate numerous other witnesses, supported a finding of actual prejudice. 

Although, as Weinstock notes, Koranda’s passing occurred prior to the period 

of inactivity, the effect of his death was exacerbated by the death and/or 

disappearance of other witnesses. For example, the trial court notes that 

five of the sixteen clients identified by Weinstock as having been lured away 

by the Appellees were “represented by and interacted solely with” Koranda. 

Trial Court Opinion, at 11. Koranda’s absence deprives the Appellees of 

potentially relevant information regarding these individuals. Given our 

deferential standard of review, see Dibish, supra, we cannot say that the 

trial court abused its discretion in finding that the Appellees suffered a 

“substantial diminution” of their ability to present their case at trial and, 

consequently, denying relief to Weinstock. 
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Weinstock’s final two claims are related and are based on the following 

series of events that transpired in 2012. On June 6, 2012, the court, by the 

Honorable Lawrence F. Clark, Jr., issued an administrative notice of 

proposed termination of court case due to a lack of docket activity in the 

matter for at least two years. The order stated that the case would be 

terminated unless a statement of intention to proceed was filed within two 

months, or by August 2, 2012. On August 1, 2012, Jason M. Weinstock, 

Esquire, on behalf of Ira H. Weinstock, P.C., filed a statement of intention to 

proceed. Thereafter, on September 6, 2012, the court issued another order, 

directing the parties to “confer and discuss timelines necessary to move this 

case expeditiously forward to settlement, arbitration, trial or other 

disposition.” Trial Court Order, 9/6/12. The parties submitted a joint status 

report on October 12, 2012 and, on October 15, 2012, the court issued a 

case management order setting forth discovery and other deadlines. On 

December 14, 2012, after taking Weinstock’s deposition, the Appellees filed 

a motion to extend the discovery deadline to enable them to depose Wendy 

Bowie, a former employee of Weinstock and a “crucial witness” in the case. 

Motion to Enlarge the Time for Discovery, 12/14/12, at ¶ 7. The court 

granted an enlargement of time by order dated December 17, 2012. On 

March 15, 2013, Appellees filed their motion for judgment of non pros. 

Weinstock first asserts that, in issuing a judgment of non pros, the 

court “contradict[ed] and overrul[ed] the previous [o]rders from which no 

appeals were taken and regarding which no motions were filed.” Brief of 
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Appellant, at 15. This argument appears to be an attempt to invoke the 

coordinate jurisdiction rule, pursuant to which judges of coordinate 

jurisdiction sitting in the same case should not overrule each others’ 

decisions. See Commonwealth v. Starr, 664 A.2d 1326, 1331 (Pa. 1995). 

However, Weinstock neither explicitly invokes the rule nor cites any 

authority in support of his claim. We have repeatedly held that failure to 

develop an argument with citation to, and analysis of, relevant authority 

waives that issue on review. Harris v. Toys "R" Us-Penn, Inc., 880 A.2d 

1270, 1279 (Pa. Super. 2005); Pa.R.A.P. 2119(b). Accordingly, we find this 

claim waived.

Weinstock also argues that the Appellees’ compliance with the trial 

court’s case management orders, by cooperating in the submission of a 

status report and seeking to enlarge the time for discovery, “rendered 

[their] hands unclean” by effectively signaling their acquiescence to moving 

forward with the case. Because a party seeking equitable relief, such as the 

entry of a judgment of non pros, must do so with clean hands, Jacobs, 

supra, Weinstock claims that the court erred in granting judgment of non 

pros. Weinstock is entitled to no relief.

The doctrine of unclean hands requires that one seeking equity act 

fairly and without fraud or deceit as to the controversy in issue. Terraciano 

v. Com., Dep't of Transp., Bureau of Driver Licensing, 753 A.2d 233, 

237-38 (Pa. 2000), citing Jacobs, 710 A.2d at 1103. Application of the 
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doctrine is confined to willful misconduct which concerns the particular 

matter in litigation. Shapiro v. Shapiro, 204 A.2d 266, 268 (Pa. 1964). 

Here, there is no allegation of fraud, deceit or willful misconduct on the 

part of the Appellees. To the contrary, Weinstock bases his “unclean hands” 

claim on the Appellees’ very compliance with the scheduling orders issued by 

the trial court.5 Such an assertion not only defies logic, but must fail as a 

matter of law. See id.; Terraciano, supra. 

Order affirmed. 

DUBOW, J., Joins the memorandum.

STABILE, J., Concurs in the result.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.

Prothonotary

Date: 7/26/2016

____________________________________________

5 Weinstock also baldly states that “even from the events giving rise to this 

case, Appellees’ hands were not clean.” Brief of Appellant, at 16. This is 

apparently a reference to Weinstock’s allegation that the Appellees “stole” 

clients from him. However, the claims forming the basis of Weinstock’s 

complaint, which Appellees have denied, remain only unproven allegations. 

Accordingly, even if Weinstock had set forth a more fulsome argument than 

a single unsupported sentence, he would not be entitled to relief.