:f

PB81-174336

Survey of Federally-Funded Marine Mammal Research and Studies

FY70 - FY79

George H. Waring

Southern Illinois University

Carbondale, Illinois

February 1981

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Technical Information Service

NTIS®
Report No. ~1MC-79/05

SURVEY OF FEDERALLY-FU}lDED

MARINE MlI.liMAL RESEARCH AJ.'JD STUDIES

FY70 - FY79

George H. Waring

Department of Zoology

Southern Illinois University

Carbondale, Illinois 62901

Published February 1981

Final Report to U.S. Marine Mammal Commission

in Fulfillment of Contract MM1533588-3

Availability Unlimited

Prepared for

U.S. Marine Mammal Commission

1625 I Street, N.W.

Washington, D.C. 20006

PBOOOCT OF:

NAT10NAl TECHNICAL

INFORMATION SERVICE

u.s. DEPARIMENT Of COMMERCE

SPRINGFIELD, VA. 2216t

'"
OPTIONAL FORM 272 (4-77)

(Formerly NTIS-35)

Department of Commerce ii

~0272

(See ANSI Z39.IS)

-101

REPORT DOCUMENTATION I" REPORT NO. 2- 3~ Recipient's Accession No.

PAGE. MMC-79 /05 PB81-174336

4. Title and Subtitle 5.. Report Dat.

Survey of Federally-Funded Marine Mammal Research February 1981

and studies, FY70-FY79 6-

7. Author(s) 3. Performing Orzanization Rept. No.

Georae H. Warina

9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. ProjectITask/Work Unit No.

Dr. George H. Waring

Department of Zoology 11. Contreet(C} or Grant(G) No.

Southern Illinois University (C) MM153 3 588-3

Carbondale, Illinois 62901 (G)

12. Sponsoring Organization Name and Address 13. Type of Report &. Period Covered

U.S. Marine Mammal Commission

1625 I Street, N.W. Final Renort

Washington, D.C. 20006 14.

15. Supplementary Notes

The data and information contained in this report were given, in final

form, to the involved agencies for review and comment. The agencies

consider the contents of this report to be accurate.

16. Abstract (Limit: 200 words)

(see p.iii)

17. Document Analysis a. Descriptors

b. Identlfiers/Open·Ended Terms

c. COSATI Field/Group

18. Availability Statem.n~ 19. s.curity Class {This Report} 21. No. of Paees

TT",...1",,,,,i<'io" ?c;<;

Availability Unlimited 20. s.curlty Class (This Pag.) 22. Price

Unclassified

-
ABSTRACT

A comprehensive survey of marine mammal research funded by the United

States government from FY70 through FY79 is presented. Nine hundred ninetyone research projects are considered. Thirteen different federal departrnentallevel agencies funded the research; of these, five were especially involved in

research relevant to needs under the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972.

These agencies were the Departments of Commerce, Defense and Interior as well

as the Marine Mammal Commission and National Science Foundation. In the FY74-FY79

interval, these five agencies funded 72-90% of the annual number of projects

and 70-93% of the annual cost of federally-funded research involving marine

mammals.

During the period FY70-FY79, federal funding of marine mammal research

had an upward trend. For example, funding increased from $6.2 million in FY75

to $16.7 million in FY79. More regionally-oriented research occurred in waters

adjacent to Alaska than along any othe~ state or group of adjacent states. For

t~e period FY74-FY77/ federal funding of cetacean and pinniped research was about

equal; however/ in FY78 and again in FY79 funding of cetacean research increased

substantially. Not only did research on the tuna/porpoise issue receive more

funding/ but also new studies on endangered and threatened whales and porpoises

were initiated. Funding for manatee and sea otter research also increased markedly in both FY78 and FY79.

Since passage of the Marine Mammal Protection Act when responsibility

for marine mammals was divided between the Department of Commerce and the Department of the Interior/ both agencies have shown successive increases in the funds

expended on marine mammal research each year. Within Commerce, expenditures on

marine mammal studies by the National Marine Fisheries Service in FY79 had almost

quadr~pled since FY74. Within Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service funding of

marine mammal research in FY79 had doubled since FY74, although the Bureau of

Land Management1s coastal and offshore environmental assessment program showed

a more noticeable increase. The research trends of the National Marine Fisheries

Service and the Fish and Wildlife Service reflected corresponding increases in

agency appropriations under the Marine Mammal Protection Act. Research support

by the Marine Mammal Commission peaked in FY76, whereas annual funding levels by

the National Science Foundation and U.S. Navy oscillated from year to year.

Wasteful duplicative research was not found to occur. Research topics

have been numerous and, as a whole, focused on probla~s relevant to issues under

~~e Marine Mammal Protection Act. Some investigators and research institutions

have s~~ultaneously had more than one marine mammal project under federal funding

either by the same or by different agencies. In recent years/ over one-half

of the federal funds expended annually on marine mammal research have been for

studies conducted by scientists employed by federal agencies as opposed to the nonfederal scientific community.

iii
The following review of federally-funded marine mammal research and studies

is a reference document presented in tabular form rather than as a continuous

text. It is a revision of previous s~leys compiled by the author. These surveys have been initiated by the Marine Mammal Commission which by direction of

the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 is to conduct a continuing review of

research programs conducted or proposed to be conducted under the authority of

the Act and to undertake or cause to be undertaken such other studies as it deems

necessary or desirable in connection with its assigned duties as to the protection and conservation of marine mammals [Sec. 202(a)2,3]. Under Sec. 205 of

the Act, the Commission is provided access to all studies and data compiled by

federal agencies regarding marine mammals so as to ensure that unnecessarj duplication of research is avoided and to carry out the purposes of the Acto

The user of this document will find the Table of Contents especially helpful for locating specific information and for understanding the organization and

breadth of the materialo The first section is an overview of all federally-funded

research involving marine rnammalso The second section focuses upon research and

studies conducted under authority of the Act. The last three sections list all

research projects identified in the surveyso

The data came from two major sources: (1) directly from agency officials

at the request of the ~arine Mammal Commission and (2) from the Smithsonian Science

rnformation Exchange 0 ~denty-three U050 gover~~ent departments/agencies were sur-

~eyed by the Commission (those listed in Table 2 plus the O.So Coast Guard). Principal investigators have on a few occasions supplemented information on their projects. Appendix A is a listing of publications identified by the agencies as

sources (or pending sources) of marine rn~~al information resulting from federallyfunded research.

Unless otherNise noted, ~~e tables and figures summarize data supplied

directly to the Commission by each agency 0 Appendix B is a listing of those projects beginning with FY74. Marine mammal projects from FY70-FY79 reported by the

Smithsonian Science Information Exchange (SSIE) are listed in Appendix C. In

general the Appendix B data coincide ~vith the SSIE data of Appendix C but are more

axtensive and reportedly more accurate. Nevertheless, on a few occasions the SSIE

data helped identify Frojects inadvertently omitted from agency reports to the

Marine Mammal Commission. Appendix 0 is a listing of projects summarized by

ag.encYi data for FY70-FY73 are from Appendix C, and data for the remaining six years

are from Appendix B with modifications subsequently reported by agencies.

Agencies vary in their ability to identify and retrieve information on

spec~£~c projectso From year to year, both intra- and interagency variability

occurs, reducing the accuracy of the data for comparative purposes. Inherent also

in such a study is the difficulty of separating administrative costs from costs

specifically for data collection and analyses 0 Generally the funds reported

included both costs and must be viewed accordingly.

George H. Waring, Ph.D

Carbondale, IL

ZS July 1980 iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

ABSTRACT , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

PREFACE..................................................... iv

LIST OF FIGURES.......................................................................................... xiv

LIS T OF TABLES.............................................. xv

I. OVERVIEW OF FEDERAL RESEARCH PROGRAMS .

Federal Agencies Funding Marine Mammal Research .

Number of Marine Mammal Research Projects Supported

by Federal Agencies (FY70-FY79) as Reported by

the Smithsonian Science Information Exchange .

Number of Marine MaID~al Research Projects Supported

by Federal Agencies in FY74-79, Comparing

Smithsonian Science Information Exchange Data

to Information Provided Directly to the Marine

Mammal Commission by Each Agency .

Trends of Federal Support of Marine Mammal Research

(FY70-FY79) .

Federal Funding of Marine Mammal Research

(FY74-FY79) :

--By Agency .

--By Geographical Region .

--By Taxonomic Group .

--By Research Issue .

II. RESEARCH AND STUDIES UNDER AUTHORITY OF THE MARINE

~VU~ PROTECTION ACT OF 1972 .

Research Responsibilities of Federal Agencies Under

the Act .

v

1

2

5

6

7

8

10

11

12

16

17
Page

Federal Funding Authorized, Requested and Appropriated Under the Act.............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Funds Expended on Marine Mammal Research Other Than

Appropriated Under Authority of the Act (NO~~/NMFS

and FWS), FY73-FY79................................. 20

Summary of Funds Expended on Marine Mammal Research

by the National Marine Fisheries Service and the

Fish and Wildlife Service, FY73-FY79 21

Number of Personnel Assigned to Marine Mammal

Activities in the National Marine Fisheries Service

and the Fish and Wildlife Service, FY73-FY79 22

I:II. APPENDIX A

Publications Identified by Agencies as Sources or

Pending Sources of Marine Mammal Information from

Federally-Funded Research 23

IV. APPENDIX B

Federally-Funded Marine Maromal Research Projects,

Principal Investigators, and Funding Level for

FY74-FY79 as Reported to the Marine Mfu~al Commission by Each Agency: 26

--Agency Programs for FY74

Department of

Department of

Department of

Departlnent of

Department of

Environmental

Agriculture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Commerce............................ 27

Defense....................... 28

Health, Education and Welfare 30

the Interior........................ 31

Protection Agency 32

Marine Mammal Commission 32

National Aeronautics and Space Administration ..... 33

National Science Foundation 33

Smithsonian Institution........................... 34

vi
Department of

Department of

Depart.'tlent of

Department of

Depar"b~ent of

Page

--Agency Programs for FY75

Agriculture.................................. 35

Conunerce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Defense. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Health, Education and Welfare................ 37

the Interior................................. 39

Energy Research and Development Aili~inistration............. 40

Environmental Protection Agency............................ 40

Marine Manunal Commission................................... 40

National Aeronautics and Space Administration.............. 43

National Science Foundation... 43

Smithsonian Institution.................................... 44

--Agency Programs for FY76 and TQ76

Department of Cormnerce..................................... 45

Department of Defense...................................... 46

Department of Health, Education and Welfare................ 47

Department of the Interior................................. 48

Energy Research and Development Administration. 53

Marine Manunal Conunission................................... 53

National Aeronautics and Space Administration.............. 56

National Science Foundation , 56

Smithsonian Institution.................................... 57

--Agency Programs for FY77

Department of Commerce............................... . . . . . 58

Depart..nent of Defense..................................... 59

vii
Page

Depart!lIent of Energy...................................... 6a

Department of Health, Education and Welfare............... 61

Department of" the Interior................................ 62

Marine Mammal Commission.................................. 66

National Aeronautics and Space Administration............. 69

National Science Foundation. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Smithsonian Institution................................... 70

Veterans Administration... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 a

--Agency Programs for FY78

71

72

73

74

75

80

80

83

83

84

84

Health, Education and Welfare .

the Interior .

Energy " ..

Commerce .

Defense .

State .

Department of

Depart.-nent of

Depart.-nent of

Department of

Department of

Depart.-nent of

Marine Man'Jual Commission .

National Aeronautics and Space Administration .

National Science Foundation .

Smithsonian Institution .

Veterans Administration .

--Agency Programs for FY79

Depart.-nent of Agriculture................................. 85

Department of Commerce.................................... 85

Department of Defense..................................... 88

Department of Health, Education and Welfare............... 90

Department of the Interior................................ 91

viii
Page

Department of State....................................... 96

Marine MaIPmal Commission... . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

National Science Foundation... 97

Smithsonian Institution................................... 98

V. APPENDIX C

Listing of Federally-Funded Marine Mammal Research

for FY70-FY79 Compiled from Information Provided

by the Smithsonian Science Information Exchange:

--Agency Programs for FY70

99

Atomic Energy Commission................................ 100

Depart.'1lent of Defense................................... 100

Department of Health, Education and Welfare... 100

Depart.'1lent of the Interior.............................. 101

National Science Foundation............................. 101

Veterans Administration................................. 102

--Agency Programs for FY7l

Department of

Depart.'1lent of

Department of

Department of

Depart!nent of

Agriculture. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Commerce. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Defense................................... 103

Health, Education and Welfare............. 104

the Interior.............................. 105

National Science Foundation............................. 105

Veterans Administration................................. 105

--Agency Programs for FY72

Department of Agriculture.. 106

Department of Commerce.................................. 106

Department of Defense............................ 106

Department of Health, .Education and Welfare............. 108

ix
Department of the Interior .

National Science Foundation .

Smithsonian Institution•....•...........................

Veterans Administration............................•....

--Agency Programs for FY73

Atomic Energy Commission •...............................

Department of Commerce .

Departlnent of Defense .

Department of the Interior .

Department of Health, Education and Welfare .

Environmental Protection Agency ..............•..........

National Aeronautics and Space Administration .

National Science Foundation .

Smithsonian Institution .

Veterans Administration .

--Agency Programs for FY74

l\tomic Energy Commission .

Department of Agriculture .

Department of Commerce .

Department of Defense .

Department of Health, Education and Welfare .

National Aeronautics and Space Administration .

National Science Foundation ..........................•..

--Agency Programs for FY75

Energy Research and Development Administration .

Department of Agriculture ..

Page

108

108

109

109

111

111

111

113

113

114

114

114

114

115

116

116

116

117

117

118

118

119

119
Page

Department of Conunerce.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Department of Defense ......•......'. . . . • . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . 120

Department of Health, Education and Welfare............. 121

Department of the Interior.............................. 122

Environmental Protection Agency......................... 122

National Science Foundation......... 122

Smithsonian Institution................................. 123

Veterans Administration................................. 123

--Agency Programs for FY76

124

124

125

126·

127

127

127

129

129

130

130

the Interior.~ .

Agriculture .

Conunerce .

Defense .

Health, Education and Welfare , .

Department of

Departlnent of

Department of

Department of

Department of

Environmental Protection Agency .

Marine Manunal Conunission .

National Aeronau~ics and Space Administration .

National Science Foundation .

Smi thsonian Institution .

Veterans Administration .

--Agency Programs for FY77

Department of Commerce.................................. 131

Department of Defense................................... 131

Depar~~ent of Health, Education and Welfare............. 131

Department of the Interior.............................. 132

Marine Manunal Commission................................ 132

xi
Page

National Aeronautics and Space Administration........... 134

National Science Foundation... ....•. 134

Smithsonian Institution................................. 134

--Agency Programs for FY78

Departlnent of

Department of

Department of

Department of

Department of

Depar"b-nent of

Marine ~1aIr.rnal

Agriculture............................... 135

Commerce. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Defense................................... 136

Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

Health, Education and Welfare............. 137

the Interior.............................. 137

Commission. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

National Science Foundation.. 138

Veterans Administration................................. 139

--Agency Prcgrams for FY79

Department of Defense... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Department of Health, Education and Welfare............. 141

Marine Marr.mal Commissicn............................ . . . . 141

National Science Foundation...................... 141

vr::." l>.PPENDIX D

Energy ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172

Commerce.................................... 146

Health, Education and Welfare............... 174

Defense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

Listing of Marine Mammal Research for FY70-FY79 Summarized by Agency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

D"epartment of Agriculture 144

Department of

Department of

Depar"b"Tlent of

Department of

Department of the Interior................................ 184

xii
Department of State ...............•.......................

Environmental Protection Agency .....•.......•.............

Marine Mammal Cornmiss ion .

National Aeronautics and Space Administration .

National Science Foundation .

Smithsonian Institution .

Veterans 1I.dministration .

xiii

Page

208

209

210

222

224

232

234
F±gure

LIST OF FIGURES

Page

\

1. Trends of federal support of marine mammal research: Total number of marine mammal projects

as reported by the Smithsonian Science Information Exchange, FY70-FY79, and to the Marine

Mammal Commission by each agency, FY74-FY79....... 7

2. Funds expended on marine mammal research by the

National Marine Fisheries Service and the Fish

and Wildlife Service, FY73-FY79 21

xiv

•
Table

LIST OF TABLES

Page

1. Number of marine mammal research projects supported

by federal agencies as reported by Smithsonian

Science Information Exchange... 5

2. Number of marine mammal research projects supported

by federal agencies in FY74-79, comparing Smithsonian Science Information Exchange data to information provided directly to the Marine Mammal Commission by each agency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3. Federal funding of marine mammal research.. 8

4. Regionally oriented marine mammal research in

waters adjacent to the United States............... 10

5. Taxonomic summary of federally-funded marine

mammal research.................................................................... 11

6. Federal funding of marine mammal research by research issue....................................... 12

7. Federal funding under the Marine Mammal Protection

Act. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

8. Funds expended on marine mammal research other than

those appropriated under authority of the Marine

Mammal Protection Act... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

9. Number of personnel assigned to marine mammal

activities in the National Marine Fisheries Service and the Fish and Wildlife Service, FY73-FY79.. 22

xv

1

I. OVERVIEW OF FEDERAL RESEARCH PROGRAMS

INVOLVING MARINE MAMMALS

Thirteen depar~~ental-level federal agencies participated in

funding marine mammal research and studies from FY70 through FY79.

Some agencies funded projects in all years, whereas others supported studies during only a part of the ten-year interval. Often

more than one agency within the larger departments participated

in funding research. The Smithsonian Science Information Exchange

(SSIE) reported an average of 48 projects were funded with federal

monies in each of the ten years (Table 1); nevertheless when the

Marine Mammal Commission (MMC) solicited information directly from

each agency, the average number of projects for FY74-FY79 rose to

138 (cf. Table 2). The trends of these data are depicted in Figure

1. Data for year 76 include the 12-month fiscal year data plus

a transition quarter (TQ76=July to september 1976) when the first

day of the federal fiscal year was shifted from 1 July to 1 October.

Total funds expended by each agency for marine mammal research are

shown in Table 3. Funding by geographic region, taxonomic group,

and research issue are listed in Tables 4,5 and 6, respectively.
~EDERAL AGENCIES FUNDING MARINE ~~L RESEARCH

~epartment of Agriculture (USDA)

The Department of Agriculture has conducted studies related

to contagious disease organisms associated with marine mammals.

The San Miguel sea lion virus has been of special interest. Clinically, the sea lion virus infection resembles the lesions of footand-mouth disease in ruminants.

Depar~~ent of Commerce (DOC)

The Department of Commerce, through the National Marine

Fisheries Service (NMFS) , conducts marine mammal and fisheries

research with emphasis on resource surveys, biological and ecological

investigations, and resource management for the use and conservation of living marine resources. The cetaceans and pinnipeds

texclusive of the walrus) are among the responsibilities of this

D~partment. Research funding has been concentrated on the northern

fur seal, the incidental take of porpoise in the yellow-fin tuna

purse-seine fishery, and whale assessment. In addition, the National

Sea Grant Program and other offices in the National Oceanic and

Atmospheric Aili~inistration (NOAA) have supported studies on marine

mammals. OCSEAP (the Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment

Program managed by NOAA) was created through interagency agreement

between the Bureau of Land Management (B~~) and NOAA; it is responsible for most Alaska OCS research funded by BLM.

Department of Defense (DOD)

The Depar~~ent of Defense conducts marine mammal research

through the Headquarters Space Division of the Air Force, the Corps

af Engineers of the Army, and through the Navy. Units of the Navy

conducting this research include the Naval Ocean Systems Center

(formerly Naval Undersea Center) and the Office of Naval Research.

DOD research varies from basic environmental impact research to

applied military research. Differentiating marine mammals from

military targets, furthering the understanding of the undersea environment, and the utilization of marine mammals with specific behavioral traits for applied research are the major thrusts of the Navy

program; studies on behavior modification, husbandry, bioacoustics,

migration and distribution, and sensory perception are supported.

Navy research also includes studies of the bacterial, viral, fungal

and parasitic diseases of marine mammals with particular emphasis

an those diseases that can be transmitted.
3

Department of Energy (DOE)

The Depart~ent of Energy (formerly the Atomic Energy Commission or the Energy Research and Development Administration) has

occasionally supported marine mammal research. The thrust of the

research has been directed at the behavioral ecology of sea otters, especially at Amchitka Island in the area of the CANNIK&~

Shot, and also on problems associated with censusing marine mammals.

Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW)

The Department of Health, Education and Welfare, through the

National Institutes of Health, funds some research related to marine

mammals; the research is basically oriented toward an understanding

of human health and physiology. It consists primarily of research

on physiological mechanisms and adaptations. Marine mammals are

often one of several vertebrates used in the research projects.

~epartment of the Interior (DOI)

The Department of the Interior, through the Bureau of Land

Management, supports environmental assessment studies involving

the effects of outer continental shelf development on marine

mammals and their habitats. Special studies such as the effects

of hydrocarbons and other disturbances from oil and gas activities

are also supported. The Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) supports

management related research on the biology and population ecology

of walrus, sea otter, polar bear, and sirenians (manatees and

dugong). Additional studies are conducted on tissue contaminant

levels in marine mammals, marine mammal tagging, and population

assessment of the Hawaiian monk seal in the Hawaiian Islands

National Wildlife Refuge. The Geological survey conducts research

in marine mammal paleontology and the National Park Service supports some marine mammal studies relative to national park and

monument development.

Departl'llent of State (DOS)

The Department of State has supported studies of the Antarctic

krill resource (a major food resource of Southern Ocean marine

mammals) in consideration of the prospect of international commercial exploitation or krill in waters adjacent to Antarctica.

Funds have also been provided to further cetacean research of the

Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission and the Internation Whaling Commission.
4

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

The Environmental Protection Agency has indirectly supported

marine mammal research through the study and monitoring of pollutant levels in coastal and pelagic marine organisms.

Marine Mammal Commission (~1C)

The Marine Mammal Commission supports research and studies

pertaining to the conservation and protection of marine mammals

to improve the operation of the Marine Mammal Protection Act.

Policy studies; methodological research; information overviews;

issue-specific research on population assessment, critical

habitats, taking, man-induced hazards, ecological inter-relationships, and socio-economic/legal aspects of marine mammal conservation; and reviews of agency actions and research under the Act

are integrated into the directed research program of the Commission.

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NF~A)

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration develops

and provides technological support for marine mammal research and

studies of user agencies. Telemetric and remote sensing capabilities through aircraft and satellite support are provided.

National Science Foundation (NSF)

Through its various divisions, the National Science Foundation supports marine m~~al research; however, there is no directed

effort on marine mammals per se. The studies of Antarctic marine

mammals have been support~d through this agency in accordance with

the Antarctic Treaty.

Smithsonian Institution (SI)

The Smithsonian Institution, through the Department of Vertebrate Zoology and the Depar~~ent of Paleobiology of the Museum of

Natural History, supports their staff on marine mammal research

in evolution and general biology. The Scientific Event Alert

Network gathers information on beached and stranded marine mammals.

Veterans Administration (VA)

The Veterans Administration has supported a few projects on

the physiological characteristics of marine mammals. &~ong these

has been an electroencephalographic study of sleep in the pilot

whale.
5

TABLE 1

NUMBER OF MARINE M1ll~ RESEARCH PROJECTS

SUPPORTED BY FEDERAL AGENCIES AS REPORTED

BY SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFOID1ATION EXCH~~GE

Fiscal Year;'

70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79

Department of Agriculture 2 1 3 3 1 1

Department of Commerce 2 6 4 12 8 14 3 15

Department of Defense 8 13 16 17 5 18 10 1 12 10

Department of Energy

(formerly AEC and ERDA) 1 1 1 1 1

Department of Health,

Education & Welfare 6 9 7 8 5 16 15 7 2 3

Department of the

Interior 2 1 1 9 1 1 7 3

Department of State

Environmental Protection Agency 1 1 1

Marine Mammal Commission 22 18 12 6

National Aeronautics and

Space Administration 1 1 1 1

National Science

Foundation 9 8 17 5 8 13 13 6 12 9

Smithsonian Institution 1 2 2 2 3

Veterans Administration 2 1 2 2 1 2 2

TOTAL 28 36 51 50 35 64 82 46 60 28

*Not an all inclusive listing of federally-funded marine mammal research
6

TABLE 2

NUMBER OF MARINE MAl<1!".AL RESEARCH PROJECTS SUPPORTED BY

FEDERAL AGENCIES IN FY74-79, COMPARING SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE

INFORMATION EXCH:".J.'lGE DATA (A) TO INFORMATION PROVIDED DIRECTLY

TO THE ~~NE MAMMAL COMMISSION BY EACH AGENCY (B)

De.part."Uent of Energy

Departluent of Agriculture

National Science Foundation

Veterans Administration

FY74 FY75 FY76 FY77 FY78 FY79

A B A B A B A B A B A B

3 2 3 1 1 - - - 1 - - 2

9 13 7 8 10 9 - 13 15 14 - 14

3 4 1 2 4 1 3 1 - 2 - 2

- - - - - - - - - - - 1

- - - - - - - - - - - 1

2 16 8 8 3 7 - 14 2 17 2 8

- - - - - - - - - - - 1

3 10 10 6 7 6 1 7 10 7 8 11

1 - 1 1 - 1 - 2 1 2 - -

5 20 16 26 15 17 7 13 2 12 3 8

- - - 1 - 4 - 3 - 4 - 7

- - - 3 - 16 - 11 - 11 - 6

- 15 - 20 - 27 5 40 2 43 - 52

- - 1 - 1 - - 1 1 1 - 1

- 1 - 1 - 2 2 3 - 5 - 2

- - - - - - - - - 2 - 1

- 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - -

- 14 - 32 22 30 18 29 12 34 6 7

1 1 - 1 1 1 1 2 - 2 - -

8 12 13 7 13 10 6 10 12 8 9 11

- 4 2 4 2 2 3 2 - 2 - 2

- - 1 - 2 - - 2 2 2 - -

35 64 82 46 60 28

113 122 133 153 168 137

SSIE Data

MMC Data

TOTAL

National Aeronautics &

Space Administration

Smithsonian Institution

Marine Mammal Commission

Depar~~ent of State

Depar~~ent of Interior

Bureau of Land Mgmt ..

BL.'ljNOAA/OCSEAP

Fish & Wildlife Service

Geological Survey

National Park Service

Depart.~ent of Health,

education & Welfare

Depar'""L111ent of Commerce

National Marine Fisheries

Service

Sea Grant

NO~~/OCSEAP (see below)

De9art~ent of Defense

llir Force

Army

Naval Ocean Systems Ctr.

Naval Research Laborato~I

Office of Naval Research

Environmental Protection

Agency
FIGURE 1

'l'RENDS OF FEDERAL SUPPORT OF MARINE MAMMAL RESEARCH

'l'otal Number of Marine Mammal Projects as Reported:

By the Smithsonian Science Information Exchange, FY70-79, and

'1'0 the Marine Mammal Commission by Each Agency, FY74-FY79.

200-

180-

160-,

140-1

-~ ,

NmlBER OF

,

MMC

PROJECTS 120-

REPOR'l'ED

100-

80-

60-

SSIE

40-

20-

0-

"

70 71 72 73 74 75 76* 77 78 79

FISCAL YEARS

*Includes 'l'ransitional Quarter (July-September 1976)
rrl\ATjt~

PEDEML PUNDING OF MARINE HAMMAL RESEARCH

('l'housands ot Dollars)

Department of Agriculture

Department of Commerce

National Marine Fisheries

Service

National Sea Grant Programs

Department of Defense

Air Force

Army

Naval Ocean Systems Ctr.

Naval Research Laboratory

Office of Naval Research

Department of Energy

Department of Health,

Education & Welfare

Department of Interior

Bureau of Land Management

Fish & Wildlife Service

Geological Survey

National Park Service

Department of State

Environmental Protection Agency

Marine Mammal Commission

National Aeronautics & Space

Administration

FY1974

37.2

1,218.7

77.2

658

458.4

916.9

706

6

47

258.8

45

FY1975

9. 3

1,386.6

82.3

425

270

18.3

1,573.5

706.7

734.2

6

49.8

446.7

100

FY/'l'Q76

1,456.4

19.8

361

260.1

28

1,078.5

2,046.4

933

17.2

561.7

FY1977

2,313.8

25.8

718

414

80

781

2,242

933

31. 2

16.5

420.3

50

FY1978

3,603.2

49.7

545

430

80

772

2,519.8

1,042.7

30.5

64.8

51

376.1

65

I!'Y1979

209

4,425.9

68

40

44

717

20

538.4

392.8

7,457.3

1,452.5

20

45.8

500

152.6

(Xl
Table 3 (continued)

Federal F'unding of Marine Marrunal Research

FY1974 FY1975 FY/'l'Q76 FY1977 FY1978 FY1979

National Science Foundation 515.6 292.8 690.4 718.9 334.2 479.3

Smithsonian Institution 68.5 80.1 102 106.1 101.1 133.4

Veterans Administration --- --- --- 102.6 98.9

TOTAL $5,013.3K $6,181.3K $ 7 , 55 4 . 5K $ 8,953. 2K $10,164K $16,696K

<j)
'XI\BI"J'l Ii

llliGIONALLY ORIEN'XED ~IARINE AAMMAL RESEARCH

IN 1~A'J'ERS ADJACEN'J' 'XO 'rIlE UNU'ED S'l'ATES

(rrhousands of Dollars; Number of Projects in Parenth.eses)

FISCAL YEAR

Geographical

Region 74 75 76- 77 78 79

Hawai.i --- 5 (1) 51. 5 (2) 102.6 (8) 118.2 (6) 71.4 (2)

Alaska 780.4 (22) 1,670.5 (31) 2,451.5 (36) 2,861.7 (39) 3,336.8 (46) 3,746.7 (17)

Oregon/

Washington 17 (1) 87.3 (6) 81.6 (6) 43.5 (2) 60.3 (4) 68 (2)

CaLifornia 102.5 (4) 805.4 (9) 1,370 (18) 1,132 ( 11) 317.2 (12) 1,675.2 (11)

Gulf of Mexico 7.9 (1) --- 6 (1) --- 2.4 (2) 144.3 (1)

E'lorida 121. 3 (4) 187.5 (6) 139.9 (9) 171.2 (10) 269 (12) 656.3 (4)

Georgia, South

Carolina and

North Carolina --- --- --- 199.9 (1) --- ---

NE Coastal States 31.9 (3) 43.3 (3) 56.2 (5) 29.3 (3) 1,484 (4) 2,762.9 (1)

-Includes 'rransition Quarter (July-September 1976)

I-'

o
'j'JU3LE 5

TAXONOMIC SUMMARY OF

FEDERALLY-FUNDED MJ\RINE MAMt,IAL miSEARCll

('[,housands of Dollars)

Cetacea 74

(Whales and 75

Porpoises) 76

77

78

79

Mixed Species 74

or General 75

Studies 76

77

78

79

Sirenia 74

(Manatees 75

and Dugong) 76

77

78

79

Carnivora 74

(Polar Bear 75

and Sea 76

Otter) 77

78

79

.....

.....

Agr ~·2~ • Comm------ Def --

DOE --HEW.. DOI* -- ---

OOS EPA MMC NASA ..NSF SI

-- VA--- T01'AL

60 60-

119,2 119,2

173.8 173.8

190,2 50 240.2

267.1 15 282.9

44 580,5 0.8 624.5

90 90

18.3 27.3 375 15.3 435.9

28 629.3 103.2 760.5

30 587.3 40.6 657.9

30 717.7 49.9 797.6

59.7 809.4 22.6 891. 7

37.2 586.8 90 56.3 6 56.2 268 49.5 1150

9.3 752.7 140 210.7 171 154.9 156.6 51.8 1647

760.5 147 116.2 684.6 54.3 268.3 59.2 2090.1

783.8 274 141.3 763.5 64.8 131.1 56.1 102.6 2317.2

858.7 325 664.6 33.7 141.5 45 2068.5

200 956.7 246 76.6 589 59.1 243.2 47.4 2418

695.5 344 294.2 77 .9 170.1 19 1600.7

675 250.5 365.1 190.9 61 28.3 1570.8

709.7 263.1 114.3 126.2 262.8 275.2 42.8 1794.1

1555.8 527 144.6 253.4 124.9 213 .1 2818.8

2794.2 446 149.6 278 169.7 163.1 4000.6

3326.3 746.4 74.1 2937.5 500 81 187.9 7853.2

13.6 682.4 566.4 556 47 124.7 45 77.5 2112.6

41. 2 304.5 970.4 781.7 49.8 85.6 100 75.2 2408.4

6 211 848 1382.7 141. 4 146.9 2736

331 50 495.1 1428.3 190 374.7 50 2919.1

20'] 50 622.4 1730.4 51 122 50 29.6 56.1 98.9 3014.4 9 210.9 323 242.1 3999.5 1.2,5 25.6 86 4908.6

74

75

76

77

78

79

Pinnipedia

(Seals, Sea

Lions ~nd

Wcllrus)

*Uudget information not available on all individual projects
12

TABLE 6

FEDERAL FUNDING OF MARINE MAl'1MAL

RESEARCH BY RESEARCH ISSUE

(Thousands of Dollars)

FUNDING

78 79 AG"NCY

FISCAL YEAR

74 75 76 77 - - I I

TUna/Porpoise:

E"~pulation Assessment 85.1 108 81 516.5 524.5 462.7 NMFS

2 MMC

500 DOS

M:ortality Reduction 167.4 140.2 120 299.6 487.6 512.9 NMFS

178 67.4 Mi'1C

119.6 97.1 NSF

48 Navy

As:se:s:sment of Ta.teing 179 189.6 318.7 329.5 Nl'..FS

3.5 9.8 12.4 MMC

El'ili.logy 271.3 342.9 136 138.1 220.4 705.3 NMFS

26 Navy

12.5 10 IJ.HC

International Whaling

Cbnvention:

fS:..ss:essment of Stocks 32 (33.6) (38.7) (52.8) (103) NIJ..FS

and Ta'dng (overview 26.3 33.5 19.8 70.9 MJ.\1C

s;:udies) 21. 5 NSF

I

Mar±he Mammal/Fisheries I

Con:ELicts:

Sout!lern Ocean Krill 10 14.5 4 JYh'4C

51 DOS

2546 NSF

?:in Fish/Pinniped 19.8 25.8 49.7 68 Sea Grant

Interactions 17.7 59.3 MMC

70 NlA..FS

I Efi_~s of Oil on

Marine. ~1ammals:

Physiological Studies 91.5 59 65

I

1097.8 BL.'1

2.8 MJ.'1C

I

~ne~ Mail1..1i1al

.Strandings :

ai.oXQB":ical Studies 15 25 32.3 15 ML"!C

(6.4) (18.3) (42.8) (11. 9) (14.6) SI

6 3.5 NIJ..FS

70.4 BL.'1

(15) (30) (18.7) FWS

SPECI:lli. RESEARCH

TSSUE
13

FUNDING

78 79 AG"'NCY

FrSCJl~ YEAR

74 75 76 77

SPECIP~ RESEARCH

rSSliES (Cont .)

Bowhead Whales: I

Assessment of Stocks 16 (20.6) (38.7) 201 724 871.1 NNFS

And Taking

I (44.1) (42.5) (167.2) BLN

6.7 M.!.\1C

aumpback Whale:

Population Assessment (38.7) (52.8) (103) 15 NI1FS

25.1 21.4 ~'1C

Biology 11.2 10 31.3 39.8 NPS

39.7 40.2 NSF

48 Navy

Gray Whale:

Population Assessment 31. 4 (32.7) (38.8) (52.8) (103 ) 25.7 Nffi""1S

Assessment of HumanInduced Imoact 14.7 16.5 9.8 20.6 M!1C

Killer Whale:

Population Assessment 17 (17.6) (38.8) (52.7) 3 NNFS

37.9 7.9 MMC

(15.3) NSF

Elilot wllales:

Population Assessment 10 Navy

(15.3) I NSF

Biologv (6.3) (5) sr

Belukha:

Population Assessment: (44) (42.5) (17.2) BLe'!

Bioloqy 20 10 25 Navy

Dall Porpoise:

Poculation Assessment 210 6.9 NI1FS

Bottlenose Dolphin:

Population Assessment 55 68.3 1.9 M!1C

180.8 Nl'.FS

Biology 211 100 133 270 168 467 Navy

38.1 HEW

54.3 55.6 20 86.7 92.8 85.3 NSF

15.8 31.8 0.5 MMC

9 NI1FS

Northern Fur Seal:

population Assessment 395.2 339.5 354.4 352 ( 367) 430.2 Nl"..FS

and Monitoring

Biology 145.5 330.9 330.2 366 384 269.3 NNFS

32.2 M.'1C

70 96 88 Navv
14

FUNDING

78 P.GENCY

FISCAL YEAR

74 75 76 77

SPECJ:~ RESEARCH

ISSDES (Cont ) , -

I

Guada!..upe Fur Seal: I

Pooulation Studies (13.3) (13.3) (16.7)1 NMFS

Ahtarctic Seals:

POpulation Studies 125.8 115.5 50.3 97 NSF

Bioloav 64.3 15.2 241.1 172.7 89 70.4 NSF

Arctic: Seals:

Fopulation Studies 18.8 (20.6) NMFS

9.7 Sea Grant

78 157 , 85 BLM

Eli.ology 7 MMC

55 Sea Grant

136 201.1 237.6 2lo BLM

Hawaiian. Monk Seal:

Population Assessment 5 38.2 52.3 52 31.2 F'flS

I (13.3) (13.3) (16.7) 3 NMFSBi'oloav 34.1 25.8 /<l.MC

Grayc Seal.:

PQ!211 '1'ation Studies (5.2) 10.2 MNC

Bio:l:ogv 90 110 I 10 30 I

I Na"""'J

Harbor- Seal:

Ebgulation Studies (5.3) 27 33.5 17.7 5.2 HMC

6 6 6 6 31 6 NPS

3 11.5 NMPS

Biology 2.3 8.6 2.8 MMC

65 60 (50) 50 BLN

Na~'1.e~ Elephant Seal:

P.bp;u:Iation Studies (13.3) (13.3) (15.7) 4.1 NMFS

27.9 25.9 27.2 33.1 31.8 41.2 NSF

10 M-MC

Cali.fornia sea Lion:

Population Studies 7 82.5 NMFS

u

BW:lo.gy 37.2 9.3 200 USDA

40 35 37 74 110 Navy

29.3 54.7 HEW

50 NSF

2 12.2 MMC

Steelier Sea Lion:

population Stud; es l57.1 145.5 155 148 BLb!
15

FUNDING

78 79 AGENCY

FISC.'lL YEAR

. 74 75 76 77 -

Walrus:

Population Studies (160) 112.8 141.6 52 141.8 FWS

I

5 MMC

Bielogy 17.6 27.3 Sea Grant

38.7 48.4 20 Ml-1C

Manatees & Dugong:

Population Studies (60) 100 (143.8) 159.7 (236.6) (290.3) FWS

50 NASA

15.5 NPS

0.8 MNC

144.3* BLH

Biology 19.2 (30) (30) (30) (127.2) FWS

44 .l\rmy . I

Eolar Bear: I Population Studies (45) 214.3 401) (303.1) (223.1) 251 rllS

Biology 35.7 (50) (50) (50) pTA'S

(150) 22.6 NSF ".

Sea Otter:

Population Studies (45) (125) 157.2 151.9 352.1 (530.4) FWS

21.1 BLM

Biology 13.5 27.3 HEW

15.3 103.2 40.6 49.9 MMC

18.3 28 30 30 DOE

23.3 27.5 (28) FWS

59 BLM

SPECIAL RESEA-~CH

ISSUES (Cent )

~~ounts indicated in parentheses are estimated subunits of totals

reported by agencies under more general categories.

*Pilot study: only 5-10% was for study of manatees~
16

II. RESEARCH AND STUDIES UNDER AUTHORITY

OF THE MARINE Mk~~ PROTECTION ACT OF 1972

The Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 (~lPA) established the

Marine Mammal Commission and distributed marine mammal protection

and conservation responsibilities to the Secretary of Commerce and

the Secretary of the Interior, including the agencies under their

purview. The Act acknowledged the need for further information

and encouraged research; some responsibilities for research and

its implementation were designated in Sections 108, 109, Ill, 112,

202, and 205. Table 7 is a list of annual funding authorized under

the various sections of the Act, the amounts requested by agencies

pursuant to the Act, and amounts appropriated by Congress. Additional federal funds have been spent in activities related to marine

mammals; the additional sources and amounts of research funding

are shown in Table 8 and Figure 2. The number of personnel assigned

to marine mfuumal research verses administrative responsibilities

within the National Marine Fisheries Service and the Fish and Wildlife Service from FY73 through FY79 are listed in Table 9.
17

RESEARCH RESPONSIBILITIES OF FEDERAL

AGENCIES u~DER THE I~INE ~~ffiL PROTECTION ACT

Congress, in developing the Marine Mammal Protection Act,

recognized that there was inadequate knowledge of the ecology

and population dynamics of marine mammals as well as of other

factors important for marine mammal protection and conservation.

The Act, therefore, specified certain research and study responsibilities for the Department of Commerce, Department of Interior,

and the Marine Mammal Commission.

The Secretary of Commerce was directed to undertake, in consultation with the Marine Mammal Commission, a study of the North

Pacific fur seals to determine whether herds of such seals, subject

to the jurisdiction of the united States, are presen"tly at their

optimum sustainable population and what population trends are evident. The Secretary was also to undertake a comprehensive study

in consultation with the Secretary of State, to determine what

modifications, if any, should be made to the provisions of the

North Pacific Fur Seal Convention, or of the Marine Mammal Protection Act, or both, to make the Convention and the Act consistent with each other. These studies were to be completed by 21

October 1973 [Sec. 108 (b) (1) J.

The Secretary of Commerce was also directed to immediately

undertake a program of research and development for the purpose

of devising improved fishing methods and gear so as to reduce to

the maximum extent practicable the incidental taking of marine

mammals in connection with commercial fishing. For purposes of

this research, Congress authorized the sum of $1,000,000 to be

appropriated for both FY 73 and FY 74. Funds appropriated for this

research remain available until expended [Sec. 111(a)J.

Both the Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of Interior

are authorized by the Act to make grants to each state whose laws

and regulations relating to protection and management of marine

mammals which primarily inhabit waters or lands within the boundaries

of that state are found to be consistent with the purposes and policies of the Act. The purpose of such grants shall be to assist

such states in developing and implementing state programs for the

protection and management of such marine mammals. Such grants are

not to exceed 50 per centum of the costs of a particular program's

development and implementation [Sec. 109(b)J.

The Secretaries are also authorized to make, after review by

the Marine Mammal Commission, grants to any federal or state agency,
18

pub'lic or private institution, or other person to enable research

on topics relevant to the protection and conservation of marine

mm~als. Authorized to be appropriated for these grants in FY73

and for each of the next four fiscal years was an amount not to

exceed $2,5000,OOO--one-third of the sum to be available to the

Secretary of Interior and two-thirds of the Secretary of Commerce

[Sec. 110 (a) (b) (c)].

The Secretaries, as appropriate, are directed to review

ar~ually the operation of each program in which the united States

pa~ticipates involving the taking of marine mammals on land [Sec.

llZ (d)]. The secretaries are required by the Act to report annually to the public and to the Congress on the current status of

all marine mammal species and population stocks subject to the

provision of the Act [Sec. 103 (f)].

The Marine Mammal Commission established under Section 201 of

the Act was directed in Section 202(a) to:

1. Undertake a review and study of the activities of the

United States pursuant to existing laws and international conventions relating to marine ma~als, including, but not limited to, the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling, the Whaling

Convention Act of 1949, the Interim Convention on

the Conservation of North Pacific Fur Seals, and the

Fur Seal Act of 1966;

2. Conduct a continuing review of the condition of the

stocks of marine mammals, of methods for their

protection and conservation, of h~~ane means of

taking marine mammals, of research programs conducted under authority of the Act, and of all applications for permits; and

3. Undertake or cause to be undertaken such other studies

as it deems necessary or desirable in connection with

its assigned duties as to the protection and conservation of marine mammals.

The Act gave the Commission access to all studies and data

compiled by federal agencies regarding marine mammals. With the

consent of the appropriate Secretary or agency head, the Commission may also utilize the facilities or services of any federal

agency and shall take every feasible step to avoid duplication of

research and to carry out the purposes of the Act [Sec. 205].
'fAilLE 7

FIWERAL FUNDING UNDER '!'IlE

MARINE MM1MAL PROTECTION ACT

('fhollsands of Dollars)

AUTHORIZED a REQUES~'ED b APPROPRIATED c

Sec Sec Sec Sec (rotal Sec Sec Sec Sec Total Sec Sec Sec Sec ~rotal

109 110 114 207 109 110 114 207 109 110 114 207

Department of

COllunerce (NMFS)

FY73 1000'* 1667 2000 - 4667 375'* - 1090 - 1465

f'Y74 1000'* 1667 2000 - 4667 900'* - 4400 - 5300 - 250 1350 - 1600

U'y75 - 1667 2000 - 3667 - 250 2300 - 2550 - 250 1350 - 1600

F'y76 - 1667 2000 - 3667 - 250 2300 - 2550 - 1100 1697 - 2797

[·'y77 - 1667 3000 - 4667 - 1667 3272 - 4939 - 1667 2778 - 4445

FY7B - 200 11500 - 11700 - - 4872 - 4872 - - 4B72 - 4872,

U'Y79 225 2700 8500 - 11425 - 200 7437* - 7637 - 200 7437* - 7637*

Department of

Interior (FWS)

FY73 - 833 700 - 1553 - 100 700 - BOO - 0 0 - 0

U'y74 833 525 1358 300 700 400 300 700 I~

- - - 400 - - - <D

FY75 - B33 525 - 1358 - B33 525 - 135B - B33 525 - 1358

FY76 - B33 525 - 1358 - B33 525 - 1358 - B33 525 - 135B

F'Y77 - B33 525 - 135B - 833 525 - 135B - 833 525 - 1358

FY78 - 1200 B50 - 2050 - 833 525 - 1358 - 950 589 - 1539

FY79 400 1300 650 - 2350 - 1000 600 - 1600 400 1000 600 - 2000

Marine Mammal

Conunission

FY73 - - - 1000 1000 - - - 0 0 - - - 0 0

FY74 - - - 1000 1000 - - - 825 825 - - - 412 412

F'Y75 - - - 1000 1000 - - - 1000 1000 - - - 750 750

FY76 - - - 1000 1000 - - - 1000 1000 - - - 900 900

FY77 - - - 1000 1000 - - - 1000 1000 - - - 1000 1000

FY78 - - - 1000 1000 - - - 900 900 - - - 900 900

FY79 - - - 1000 1000 - - - 702 702 - - - 702 702

"'"Fur seal research is reflected in Sec. 114 as of E'y79

**Section III funds

aAuthorized under sections of the Act

bHeqllested funding of the agencies

cr"unds subsequently appropriated by Congress
20

TABLE 8

FUNDS EXPENDED ON 11ARINE ~~ RESEARCH

OTHER THili~ THOSE APPROPRIATED UNDER AUTHORITY OF THE

~ARINE ~~~~~ PROTECTION ACT

(Thousands of Dollars)

NOAA/National Marine

Fisheries Service

FY73

FY74

FY75

FY76

TQ76

FY77

FY78

Source

NMFS Reprograrning

NOAA Reserve

Fur Seal Act Authorization

Fur Seal Act Authorization

Reprograrning and Reserve

Fur Seal Act Authorization

NOAA Reserve

Fur Seal Act Authorization

NI~S Reprograming

Fur Seal Act Authorization

Fur Seal Act Authorization

Endangered Species Act

Authorization

Saltonstall-Kennedy Reserve

Fur Seal Act Authorization

End~~gered Species Act

Authorization

Amount

300

424

309

309

295

395

442

595

59

148

595

294

78

595

294

FY79

DDl/Fish and

Iv±.ldlife Service

Endangered Species Act

Authorization 132

Fur Seal Research Funding as of

FY79 is in Sec. 114 of ~~~A

Appropriations

•

FY73

FY74

FY75

FY76

TQ76

FY77

FY78

FY79

FWS Appropriation

FWS Appropriation

FTrlS Appropriation

FWS Appropriation

FWS Appropriation

FWS Appropriation

Endangered Species Act

Authorization

Endangered Species Act

Authorization

149

49

75

67.2

16.1

16

93.7

213 .1
4500 _

4200 -,

3900 -

FICURI, 2

FUNDS EXPENDED ON ~IARINE ~IAMMAL RESEARCH

BY 1'IIE NATIONAL /·lARINE FISHERIES SERVICE AND

1'HE FISH AND I'IILDLH'E SERVICE

FY1973 - l"Y1979

(~lousands of Dollars)

1i~1 Funds under authority of MNPA

Funds other than appropriated

under authority of l'1MPA

3600 -

3300 -

3000 -

2700 _.,

2400 -

2100 -

1800 -

1500 -

1200 -

900 -

600 -

300 -

I

o

m~tt~~l ~~j~j~j~j~j!~!f[ ~~~~~~I~f:f: . ::::::::::::::::

~, I

N

I-'

NMFS ~'\,S

FY73

NMFS FWS

l"Y74

NM~'S E'WS

E'Y75

NMFS ",viS

FY76'k

NMI"S FWS

FY77

NME'S v'l,S

E'Y78

NMFS F\,S

FY79

kE'Y76 data include transition quarter (July-September 1976)
22

TABLE 9

NUMBER OF MAN-YEARS AND/OR PERSONNEL

ASSIGNED TO MARINE MAMMAL ACTIVITIES

IN THE NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE

AND THE FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE FY73-FY79*

National 11arine FISCAL YEARS

Fisheries Service

Personnel* * 73 74 75 76 TQ76 77 78 79

Administrative 11 28 28 42 49 7 8 86.5

(includes

enforcement)

Re.s.earch 23 26 33 31 29 17 20 48.9

Nl1FS Total 34 54 61 73 78 24 28 135.4

Fish and Wildlife

Service Personnel ***

Adlninistrative ? 12.1 14.1 15.2   16.6 17.1 20.3

(Han years)

Research 2.6 6.0 11. 0 11.8 ** ** 14.8 13.2 17.2

(t1an years)

FWS Total 2.6+ 18.1 25.1 27.0 **** 31. 4 30.3 37.5

* £igures provided by the Agencies.

** The National Marine Fisheries Service changed their method of reporting

at least twice--once in FY77 (to number of personnel) and again in

. FY79 (to permanent employee man-years).

**~ Reported in man-years .

• *~ Han-years maintained at 24% of the FY76 level.
23

III. APPENDIX A

PUBLICATIONS IDENTIFIED BY AGENCIES AS

SOURCES OR PENDING SOURCES OF

~~RINE ~~~Jili INFO~~TION FROM FUNDED RESEARCH

Department of Commerce

--National Marine Fisheries Service

Administrative reports of the various fisheries centers

Marine Mammal Division - Annual Report on Fur Seal

Investigations

Fishery Bulletin (NMFS, NOAA, DeparL~ent of Commerce)

Marine Fisheries Review (N~~S, NOAA, Department of

Commerce)

Journal of Mammalogy

International Whaling Commission F~nual Reports

Journal Fisheries Research Board of Canada (Canadian

Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences)

Proceedings of the Second Conference on the

Biology of Marine Mammals

NOAA Technical Reports/Nb~S Scientific Repor~s-Fisheries

Other journals as appropriate

--National Sea Grant College Program

Marine Mammal Information

--NOF_~/OCSEAP reports (see Bureau of Land Management below)

Department of Defense

--Department of the Air Force

Headquarters Space Division Technical Report

Space Shuttle Final Environmental Impact

Statement

--Department of the Navy

Naval Ocean Systems Center Technical Reports

Marine Fisheries Review

Annals of New York Academy of Science

Fishery Bulletin

Vision Research

Cetology

Deep-Sea Research

Journal Acoustical Society of F_~erica

American Journal of veterinary Research

Science

Arctic
24

--Department of the Navy (Cont.)

Journal of wildlife Diseases

Miscrobios Letters

Journal American Veterinary Medical Association

Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural

History

Journal of Mamrnalogy

Contributions of edited books

Department of Energy

Progress reports on projects

Journal Fisheries Research Board of Canada

Ecological Monographs

Wildlife Society Bulletin

Environmental Conservation

Journal ~~erican Veterinary Medical Association

Department of the Inter;or

--Bureau of Land Management

NO~A/OCSEAP Annual Reports

NOAA/OCSEAP Final Reports

NOAAjOCSEAP Lease Area Synthesis Reports

Other reports available through National Technical

Information Service

--Fish and Wildlife Service

North &uerica Fauna Series

U.S. Department of the Interior,

Fish and wildlife Service

Wildlife Research Reports

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,

National Fish and wildlife

Laboratory Reports

--Geological Survey

Systematic Zoology

Smithsonian Institution Contributions to

Paleobiology

Geological Survey Professional Papers

Publications of the Charleston Museum

--National Park Service

Project reports to National Park Service
25

Department of State

Project reports available through National

Technical Information Service

EIS: possible Regime for Conservation of Antarctic

Marine Living Resources

IWC Scientific Reports

Marine Ma~al Commission

Reports available through the National

Technical Information Service

Smithsonian Institution

Fishery Bulletin

Journal of Mammalogy

Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Systematic Zoology

Smithsonian Institution Contributions to Paleobiology

Florida State Museum, Plaster Jacket

Contributions to edited books
26

IV. APPENDIX B

FEDERALLY-FUNDED MARINE Mk~L RESEARCH PROJECTS,

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS AND FUNDING LEv~L

FOR FY74 - FY79

AS P~PORTED TO THE

/1l'..RINE Ml'.J.'1c"LJU, CO/-'T.MISS ION

BY EACH AGENCY
27

AGENCY PROGRAMS FOR FY74

Department of Agriculture

Breese, S. S. (USDA Animal Disease Center, Greenport,

N. Y .)

Electron Microscopy of Foot-and-Mouth Disease

Virus and Other Exotic Animal Viruses

(San Miguel Sea Lion Virus)

Dardiri, A. H. (USDA Animal Disease Center, Greenport,

N. Y .)

Transmissibility of San Miguel Sea Lion Virus

to Domestic Swine

Department of Commerce, NOAA

1. National Marine Fisheries Service

Barham, E. & R. McNeely (NMFS/SWFC) Porpoise

Gear Dynamics and Development

Barham, E., G. Stauffer & T. Smith (NMFS/SWFC)

Porpoise Stock Assessment

Fiscus, C. H. & W. M. Marquette (NMFS/NWFC)

Marine Mfu~als of the Arctic Ocean and

Bering Sea

a. Seals of the Bering and Chukchi Seas

b. Bowhead whale studies

Fiscus, C. H. & W. M. Marquette (NMFS/~rrC)

West Coast Pinnipeds

Goodman, R. M. (Franklin Institute, Philadelphia)

& K. S. Norris (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Non-injurious Marking Techniques

Johnson, J. H., H. Kajimura, M. C. Keyes, & R. L.

DeLong (N}~S/~lFC)

St. George Island Studies

Leatherwood, J. S. (NUC, San Diego)

Whale Field Guide: Atlantic

Perrin, W., D. Holts, & W. Taguchi (N¥~S/Sw~C)

Porpoise Life Studies

Rice, D. W. & A. A. Wolman (NMFS/ill1FC)

Cetaceans

a. Whale Stock Assessment and Marking

b. Gray Whale Studies

c. Killer Whale Studies

$ 9.3K

$ 27.9K

$167.4K

$ 85.1K

$ 18.8K

$ 16K

$ 38.2K

$ 35K

$145.5K

$ 4K

$271. 3K

$ 32K

$ 31. 4K

$ 17K
28

Roppel, A. Y., M. C. Keyes, & H. Kajimura

(NMFS/NWFC)

Northern Fur Seal

2. Office of Sea Grant

Burns, J. & F. H. Fay (Institute of Arctic Biology,

U. Alaska)

The Biology of the Bering Sea Harbor Seals

and Their Relationship with Other Ice Inhabiting Pinnipeds

$357K

$ 9.7K

Fay, F. (Institute of Arctic Biology, U. Alaska)

Ethology and Productivity of the Pacific Walrus $ 17.6K

Galster, W. (Institute of Arctic Biology, U. Alaska)

A Survey of Alaskan Marine Mammals for

Accumulation of Pesticides and Heavy Metals $ 13.6K

Popenoe, H. L. (U. Florida)

Florida Sea Grant: Immediate Response Funds $ 36.3K

Department of Defense, Department of Na~J

1. Naval Undersea Center

Au, W. W. L. (NUC)

Bioacoustic Capabilities of Marine Mammals

AU, W. W. L. (NUC)

Dolphin Range Resolution

Evans, W. E. (NUC)

Pacific Pilot Whale Studies

Fish, J. F. (NUC)

Acoustics Research on Tuna/Porpoise Problem

Gilmartin, W. G. (NUC)

Antibiotic Administration Techniques in

Marine Mammals

Gilmartin, W. C. (NUC)

Vaccines for Porpoises and Sea Lions

Pepper, R. L. (NUC)

Determinants of Dolphin Motivation

Pepper, R. L. (NUC)

Directional Hearing of Sea Lions

$ 50K

$ 54K

$ 10K

$ 11K

$ 56K

$ 37K

$ 28K

$ 5K
29

Pepper, R. L. (NUC)

Marine Mammal Behavior

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Differential Diagnosis Laboratory Capabilities

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Electrophysiology of Dolphin cortex

Rid~Nay, S. H. (NUC)

Reproduction Cycle of Bottlenose Dolphins

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Marine Mammal Hearing Screening

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Marine Mammal Husbandry and Maintenance

Seeley, R. L. (NUC)

Radiotelemetry of Clinical Data from Marine

Mammals

Sweeney, J. C. (NUC)

Open Ocean Diseases of Stranded Animals

2. Office of Naval Research

Evans, E. C. (NUC)

Biological Sources of Sea Noise: Studies

of Cetacean Bioacoustics

Eopper, h. N. (U. Hawaii)

Minimum Auditory Angle

Marx, W. (U. Southern California, Los Angeles)

Metabolic Aspects of Food and Oxygen

Utilization in Diving as Performed by

Aquatic Hammals

Norris, K. S. & T. P. Dohl (D. California,

Santa Cruz)

Studies of a Wild Porpoise School,

Stenella longirostris

Ray, G. C. & D. Wartzok (John Hopkins U.)

Telemetry and Acoustics of Pinnipeds

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Marine Mammal Bionosis

$ 56K

$ 45K

$ 30K

$ 49K

$ 53K

$lOOK

$ 30K

$ 44K

$ 30K

$ 30K

$ 3.4K

$ 15K

$ 50K

$ 20K
30

Schevill, W. E. & W. A. Watkins (Woods Hole

Oceanographic Institute)

Oceanic Biology (Ambient Noise, Cetological)

Schusterman, R. J. (California State U. Hayward)

Mammal Underwater Acoustics

Smith, A. W., T. G. Akers, & N. A. Vedros

(Naval Biomedical Research, Berkeley)

Etiology of Marine Zoonoses

Winn, H. E. (U. Rhode Island)

Marine Bioacoustics and Bio-orientation

Department 0'= Health, Education, and Welfare, NIH

Atassi, M. Z. (Wayne State U.)

Immunochemical Studies on Human Hemoglobins

Behrisch, H. M. (U. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Hibernation and Enzymes

$ 87K

$ 35K

$lOOK

$ 88K

$ 22.4K

$ 13. 5K

Bleier, R. (U. Wisconsin, Madison)

Cerebral Localization: Neuroanatomical Studies $ 72.1K

Buhler, D. R. (Oregon State U.)

Methyl Mercury Detoxification in Marine MaIT~als $ 29.3K

Bullock, T. H. (U. California, San Diego)

Studies of Comparative Neurophysiology $115K

Caldwell, D. K. (U. Florida, Gainesville)

Studies of Communication $ 38.1K

Gurd, F. R. (Indiana U., Bloomington)

Structure and Reactivity of Proteins and Lipoprotein $144.3K

Irving, L. (U. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Marine Mammals by Coastal

Residents $ l3.5K

Leith, D. E. (Harvard U.)

Program Project in Respiratory Mechanics:

Comparative Mammalian Respiratory Mechanics $104.1K

Lewis, U. J. (Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation)

Primary Structures of Growth Hormones and Prolactins $ 20.7K

Miller, K. L. (0. Alaska)

Metabolism and Temperature Regulations of Marine

b1ammals $ 13. 5K
31

Miller, K. L. (U. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Heterothermous Operations

of Nerves

Morrison, P. R. (0. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Bioenergetic Aspects of

Physiology of the Sea Otter

Parkhurst, L. J. (U. Nebraska, Lincoln)

Hemoglobin and Myoglobin Kinetic Studies

Turcotte, J. G. (U. P~ode Island)

Synthesis and Pharmacology of Renin Inhibitors

West, G. C. (U. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Utilization of Fat

Wever, E. G. (Princeton U.)

The Nature of Hearing: Hearing in Mammals

Wick, A. N. (California State U., San Diego)

Glucose Metabolism and Action of Insulin

$ 13.5K

$ l3.5K

$ 46.3K

$ 43.1K

$ l3.5K

$ 32K

$ 64.6K

Willis, W. D., Jr. (U. Texas,

Comparative Neurobiology:

for Diving in Mammals

Galveston)

Neutral Adaptations

$ 45.2K

Wittenburg, J. B. (Yeshiva U.)

Hemeprotein Interactions: Models of Sickle

Hemoglobin

Department of Interior

Fish and Wildlife Service (Total Funding $706K)

Johnson, Ancel

Intensive Studies of the Sea Otters and Other

Marine Mammals in Prince William SOQ~d, Alaska

Studies of Recently Established Sea Otter

Populations

Aerial Surveys of Pacific Walrus

Surveys of Walrus Harvests

Cooperative Survey of Sea Otters

Jones, Clyde

Population Surveys of the Dugong

$ 58.7K
32

Population Surveys of Manatees

Status Reports on Marine Mammals

Studies and Salvaging of Stranded Marine Mammals

Environmental Pollutants in Marine Mammals

Lentfer, Jack

The Biology of Polar Bears of the Chukchi Sea

Alaska Coastal Denning Surveys of the Polar Bear

Polar Bears of the Pack Ice of the Arctic Ocean

Summer Distribution and Ecology of Polar Bears

Analysis of Discreteness and Populations of

Polar Bears

National Park Service

Streveler, G. P. (Glacier Bay National Monument)

Harbor Seal Studies,

Glacier Bay

Environmental Protection Agency

Martin, J. H. (Moss Landing Marine Labs.)

Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals by Littoral and

Pelagic Marine Organisms

Marine- Hammal Commission

Ainley, D. G. (Point Reyes Bird Observatory)

Studies of Marine Mammals at the Farallon Islands

Chapman, D. G. & L. L. Eberhardt (D. Washington)

Review and Evaluation of Census Procedures for

Harine Mammals

Clark, W. G. (D. Washington)

Review of the Incidental Taking of Harine Mammals

Dohl, T. P. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Remote Non-Lethal Harking Techniques for

Marine Mammals

Fay, F. H. (D. Alaska)

The Role of the Pacific Walrus in ~~e Trophic

System of the Bering Sea

$ 6K

$ 47K

$ 5K

$ 35.6K

$ 3.5K

$ 5.3K

$ 38.7K

Fay, F. H. & J. J. Burns (D. Alaska)

Contributions to Studies of the Biology, Systematics,

and Taxonomy of the Genera Phoca (sensu stricto) and

Odobenus $ 7K
33

Kaufmann, J. H. & A. B. Irvine (V. Florida, Gainesville)

A Study of the Movements and Activities of the

Atlantic Bottlenosed Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) $ 23K

Kooyman, G. L. (V. California, LaJolla)

Pulmonary Function in Wild and Captive Marine Mammals $ 25.2K

Mead, J. G. (Smithsonian Institution)

Marine Mammal Salvage Program $ 15K

Norris, K. S. (V. California, Santa Cruz)

The Development of Techniques for Estimating the

Trophic Impact of Marine Mammals $ 25.1K

Odell, D. K. (V. Miami)

A Preliminary Study of the Ecology and Population

Biology of Bottlenose Dolphin in Southeast Florida $ 32K

Richardson, D. (Depar~~ent of Marine Resources, Maine)

Abundance and Distribution of Harbor and Gray

Seals Along the Maine Coast $ lO.5K

Schrnidly, D. J. (Texas A & M V., College Station)

A Biological Assessment of the Cetacean Fauna

of the Texas Coast

Vedros, N. A. & S. H. Madin (V. California, Berkeley)

Infectious Diseases of Marine Mammals

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Ray, G. C. & D. Wartzok (Johns Hopkins V.)

Marine Mammal Mass Tagging

National Science Foundation

$ 7. 9K

$ 25K

$ 45K

Brownell, R. L.

Ecology and

Dolphin

(Smithsonian Institution)

Life History of the Franciscana

$ 5.8K

Bullock, T. H. (V. California, LaJolla)

Neuronal Integrative Mechanisms and Their

Organization in Vseful Systems

Erickson, A. W. (V. Idaho)

Environmental Factors in the Distribution

of Seals in the Antarctic Pack Ice

Felts, W. J. L. (V. Oklahoma)

An ~~atomical, Histological and Neuroanatomical Study of ~~tarctic Seals

$ 71.7K

$ 56.lK

$ 58.6K
34

Herman, L. M. (U. Hawaii)

Sensory and Learning-Memory Processes in

the Dolphin

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California, San Diego)

Data Analysis of Antarctic Penguin and Seal

Studies

LeBoeuf, B. J. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Ethology of the Northern Elephant Seal,

Mirounga angustirostris

Litchfield, C. (Rutgers U.)

Acoustical Function of Lipids in Odontocete

Echolocation

Norris, K. S. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Laser Branding of Marine Mammals

Norris, K. S. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Peripheral Sound Processing in Porpoises

Siniff, D. B. (U. Minnesota)

Status and Population Dynamics of Antarctic

Seals

South, F. E. (U. Missouri, Columbia)

Physiology of Sleep and Thermoregulation

in the California Sea Lion

Smithsonian Institution

1. Depar~~ent of Vertebrate Zoology (Total Funding

Level $19K)

Mead, J. G.

Aspects of the Biology of the Short-Finned

pilot ~lhale

Functional ~~atomy of the Facial Region of

Cetaceans

Survey of Distribution of Cetaceans in the

Western North Atlantic Based on Stranding Data

2. Department of Paleobiology (Total Funding

Level $79.5K)

Ray, C. E.

Studies in the Evolution of Pinnipedia

$ 54. 3K

$ 5.7K

$ 27.9K

$ 45K

$ 11. 6K

$ 65K

$ 69.7K

$ 50K
35

AGENCY PROGR&~S FOR FY75

Department of Agriculture

Dardiri, A. H. (USDA Animal Disease Center,

Greenport, N.Y.)

Transmissibility of San Miguel Sea Lion

Virus to rromestic Swine

Department of Commerce

1. National Marine Fisheries Service

Barham, E. & R. McNeely (N~~S/SWFC) Porpoise

Mortality Reduction Technology

Barham, E., T. Smith, et al. (N~S/SWFC) Porpoise

Stock Assessment

$ 9.3K

$140.2K

$108.0K

Fiscus, C.

Marine

a.

b.

H. & \~. M. Marquette (N~S/N\~C)

Mammals of the Arctic Ocean and Bering

Seals of the Bering and Chukchi Seas

Bowhead whale studies

Sea $ 41.2K

Fiscus, C. H. & W. M. 11arquette (N~S/I~~C)

Pinnipeds (West Coast)

Gentry, R. L. & J. H. Johnson (N~S/lrnFC)

St. George Island Studies

$ 58.9K

$330.9K

Perrin, W., et al. (N1WS/S,~C)

Porpoise Biological Studies and Field Program $342.9K

(Formerly: Marine Mammals--Porpoise Life Studies)

Rice, D. W., A. A. Wolman & M. Tillman (N~ES/WwFC)

Cetaceans

a. Whale Stock Assessment

b. Gray Whale

c. Killer Whale

Roppel, A. Y., et al. (N~ES/mvFC)

Northern Fur Seal

2. Office of Sea Grant

Burns, J. (Institute of Arctic Biology, U. Alaska)

The Biology of the Bering Sea Harbor Seals

and Their Relationship with Other Ice Inhabiting Pinnipeds

Fay, F. (Institute of Arctic Biology, U. Alaska)

Ethology and Productivity of the Pacific Walrus

$ 83.9K

$280.6K

$ 55.0K

$ 27.3K
36

Department of Defense, Department of Navy

1. Naval Undersea Center

Beleau, M. H. (NUC)

Preventive Medicine and Therapy of Marine Mammals

Evans, W.E. & S.H. Ridgway (NUC)

Sonar Pulse Sources; Study of Structure and

Function

$ 43K

Pepper, R. L. (NUC)

Marine Mammal Behavior $ 37.5K

Pepper, R. L. (NUC)

Nutrition Support Studies $ 37.5K

Rid~qay, S. H. (NUC)

Electrophysiology of the Dolphin Cortex

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Reproductive Capabilities of Bottlenose Dolphin

Ridgway, S. H. & R. L. Pepper (NUC)

Screening Techniques for Marine Ma~als

Scronce, V. L. (NUC)

Gray Seal Capabilities

Sweeney, J. C. (NUC)

Open Ocean Diseases of Stranded Animals

2. Office of Naval Research

Beleau, M. H. (NUC)

Marine Mammal Bionosis

Norris, K. S. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Research on Behavioral Patterns and

Acoustic Emissions of Porpoises

Ray, G. C. & D. Wartzok (John Hopkins U.)

Telemetry and Acoustics of Pinnipeds

Schevill, w. E. & W. A. watkins (WHOI)

Oceanic Biology (Ambient Noise, Cetological)

Schusterman, R. J. (Calif. State U., Hayward)

Mammal Underwater Acoustics

Winn, H. E. (U. Rhode Island)

Marine Bioacoustics and Bio-orientation

$ 60K

$ 40K

$ SOK

$ 90K

$ 37K

$ 20K

$ 23K

$ 50K

$ 90K

$ 35K

$ 52K
37

DeDartment of Health, Education and Welfare, NIH

Atassi, M. Z. (Wayne State D.)

Immunochemical Studies of Hemoglobin and

Myoglobin (Whales)

Bartlett, G. R. (Laboratory for Comparative Biochemistry, San Diego)

Red Cell Metabolism

Behrisch, H. M. (D. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Hibernation and

Enzymes

Bleier, R. (U. Wisconsin, 11adison)

Cerebral Localization: Neuroanatomical Studies

Buhler, D. R. (Oregon State U.)

Methyl Mercury Detoxification in Marine

Mammals (Sea Lions)

Bullock, T. H. (D. California, San Diego)

Comparative Neurophysiology

Caldwell, D. K. (D. Florida, Gainesville)

Studies of Communication (Dolphin)

Cifonelli, J. A. (D. Chicago)

Biochemistry of Connective Tissues: Structure

of Heparin Sulfates and Heparin

Elsner, R. W. (D. Alaska)

Circulatory Reactions to Asphyxia

Gurd, F. R. (Indiana D., Bloomington)

Structure and Reactivity of Proteins

and Lipoproteins (Diving Mammals)

Irving, L. (D. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Marine Mammals by

Coastal Residents

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California, San Diego)

Physiological Basis of Pulmonary Disease:

Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of the Lung

Leith, D. E. (Harvard U.)

Program Project in Respiratory Mechanics:

Comparative Mammalian Respiratory Mechanics

$ 61. 8K

$ 38K

$ 27.3K

$ 52.0K

$ 32.5K

$142.7K

$ 38 .1K

$ 43.7K

$ 72.2K

$110.11<

$ 27.31<

$ 59.7K

$109.1K
38

Lewis U. J. (~cripps Clinic and Research Foundation)

Conversion of Growth Hormone and Prolactin

Merrifield, R. B. (Rockefeller U.)

Solid Phase Synthesis of Peptides and Proteins

Miller, K. L. (U. Alaska)

Metabolism and Temperature Regulation of

Marine Mammals

Hiller, K. L. (U. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Heterothermous

Operations of Nerves (Whales)

$ 89.8K

$125.8K

$ 27.3K

$ 27.3K

Morrison, P. R. (D. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska:

of Physiology in the Sea

Bioenergetic Aspects

Otter $ 27.3K

Parkhurst, L. J. (U. Nebraska, Lincoln)

Hemoglobin and Myoglobin Kinetic Studies

Schwartz, H. C. (Stanford U.)

Extrauterine Growth and Development:

Hemoglobin Oxygen Transport (Pinnipeds)

Turcotte, J. G. (U. Rhode Island)

Synthesis of Renin Inhibitors and ~~alog

Phosphatides

West, G. C. (U. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Utilization of Fat

Wever, E. G. (Princeton U.)

The Nature of Hearing

$ 48.6K

$ 19.2K

$ 39.lK

$ 27.3K

$191. 4K

Willis, W. D., Jr. (U. Texas,

Comparative Neurobiology:

for Diving in Mammals (Sea

Galveston)

Neural Adaptations

Lions) $ 32.2K

Wittenberg, J. B. (Yeshiva U.)

Hemeprotein Interactions -- Models of Sickle

Hemoglobin (Whale)

Wurtman, R. J. (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

Sympathetic Nervous System and Neuroendocrine

Rhythms

$ 54.5K

$ 49.2K
39

Deoartment of Interior

1. Bureau of Land Management

Norris, K. S. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Marine Mammal Baseline Study of Southern

California Bight

2. BLM/NOAA/OCSEAP

Burns, J. J., F. H. Fay & L. H. Shapiro

(Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

The Relationships of Marine Mammal

Distributions, Densities and Activities

to Sea Ice Conditions--Bering and Beaufort

Seas

Fay, F. H. (U. Alaska)

~lorbidity and Hortality of Marine Manmlals--

Bering Sea

Fiscus, C. H. & A. Y. Roppel (NMFS/N,iFC)

Baseline Characterization of !·larine !'lammals

3. Fish and Wildlife Service

Walrus and Sea Otter

Polar Bear

Sirenia

Pesticide & Heavy Metal Analysis

Campbell, Howard

Population Surveys of Manatees

Johnson, Ancel

Intensive Studies of the Sea Otters and other

Marine Mammals in Prince William Sound, Alaska

$652K

$ 20. 8K

$ 7.4K

$ 26.5K

$250K

$250K

$lOOK

$ 75K

Studies of Recently Established Sea Otter Populations

Aerial Surveys of Pacific Walrus

Walrus Biology and Harvest

Behavioral and Biological Studies of the

Hawaiian Monk Seal

Jones, Clyde

Population Surveys of the Dugong

The Status of Marine Mammals

Studies on Environmental Pollutants in Marine Mammals
40

Survey of Pesticide and Heavy Metal Residues

in Marine Mammals

Lentfer, Jack

The Biology of Polar Bears of the Chukchi Seas

Alaska Coastal Denning Surveys of the Polar Bear

Polar Bears of the Pack Ice of the Arctic Ocean

Summer Distribution and Ecology of Polar Bears

Analysis of Discreteness of populations of Polar Bears

Radio Tracking of Polar Bears

Wilson, Don

Taxonomic Status of Alaska Polar Bear Populations

Section 110 Grants under Marine Mammal Protection Act

Alaska Department of Fish and Game

Alaska Walrus Studies

Odell, K. K. (U. Miami)

Biology of the Manatee

Age Determination--Manatee

National Park Service

Streveler, G. P. (Glacier Bay National Monument)

Harbor Seal Studies, Glacier Bay

Energy Research and Development Administration

Tester, J. R. & Siniff, D. (U. Minnesota)

Vertebrate Behavior and Ecology: Application of

Radiotelemetry Technology to Selected Problems in

Vertebrate Censusing and Population Study

Environmental Protection Agency

Martin, J. H. (Moss Landing Marine Labs.)

Bioaccurnulation of Heavy Metals by Littoral and

Pelagic Marine Organisms

Marine Mammal Commission

Ainley, D. G. (Point Reyes Bird Observatory)

Studies of Marine Mammals at the Farallon Islands

$ 40K

$ 1.5K

$ 17.7K

$ 6K

$ 18.3K

$ 49.8K

$ 6K
41

Anderson, F. R. (Environmental Law Institute)

A Study and Analysis of the Activities of the

united States Pursuant to Existing Laws and

In·ternational Conv'entions Relating to !1arine

Hammals

Bertrand, G. A. (U. Wisconsin, Madison)

Study and F~alysis of the Heaning of the Term

"Optimum" in the Marine !1anunal Protection Act

Chapman, D. G. & L. L. Eberhardt (U. Washington)

Review and Evaluation of Census Procedures for

Marine i1amluals

Chapman, D. G. & A. W. Erickson (U. Washington)

Workshop on the Killer Whales in Puget

Sound and Adjacent Waters

Clark, W. G. (M-~4AC001--!1odification)

Clark, W. G. (U. Washington)

Study and Analysis of the Number of Porpoises

Killed or Seriously Injured Incidental to

the Commercial Yellowfin Tuna Fishery

DeLong, R. L. (U. California, Berkeley)

Study and Analysis of Marine Mammals on

San Miguel Island

Erickson, A. W. (U. Washington)

Population Studies of the Killer Whale in

the Eastern North Pacific

Fay, F. H. (U. Alaska)

The Role of the Pacific Walrus in the Trophic

System of the Bering Sea

Gard, R. (Colorado State U.)

Aerial Census, Behavior and Population Dynamics

Study of Gray Whales in Mexico During the

1974-1975 Calving and Mating Season

Geraci, J. R. (New England Aquarium)

Mass Strandings of Lagenorhynchus acutus: A

Study into Life History and Pathobiology

Gilmartin, W. G., J. C. Sweeney & M. H. Beleau

(Naval Undersea Center)

Effects of Certain Environmental Pollutants on

Pupping in the California Sea Lion

$ 30K

$ 1. 6K

$ 27K

$ 2.5K

$ lK

$ 4.1K

$ 2.5K

$ 35.4K

$ 31K

$ 14. 4K

$ 24K

$ 2K
42

Forslund, L. G. (Oregon State D.)

Social Behavior of the Harbor Seal, Phoca

vitulina richardi, in Oregon

Johnson, M. L. (D. Puget Sound)

Population Evaluation of the Harbor Seal (Phoca

vitulina) in the Waters of the State of Washington

Kaufmann, J. H. & B. Irvine (D. Florida)

A Study of the Movements and Activities of the

Atlantic Bottlenosed Dolphin

Kooyman, G. L. (MM4ACOI2--Modification)

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State D.)

Aerial Censusing of Pinnipeds in the Eastern

Pacific for Assessment of Population Numbers,

Migratory Distributions, Rookery Stability,

Breeding Effort, and Recruitment

Mead, J. G. (MM4AC007--Modification)

Miller, K. (D. Alaska)

Energetics of the Northern Fur Seal in Relation

to Food Resources and Climate of the Bering Sea

Norris, K. S. (~14ACOI3--Modification)

Norris, K. S. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Field Testing of Whale Tracking and Data

Recovery Systems

Odell, D. K. (U. Miami)

Distribution and Abundance of the Bottlenose

Dolphin in Florida Waters

Odell, D. K. (U. Miami)

Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

Assessment Workshop

Parker, K. (U. Washington)

Study and Analysis of the Effects of Incidental

Taking in the Course of the Commercial Yellowfin Tuna Fishery Upon Behavior of Affected

Porpoises

Pinkus, E. (Center for Law and Social Policy)

Study and Analysis of the Activities of the

United States Pursuant to Existing Laws and

International Conventions Relating to Marine

~lammals

$ 2.3K

$ 9.3K

$ 30.7K

$ O.9K

$ 40.5K

$ IK

$ 32.2K

$ O.7K

$ 35.5K

$ 34.6K

$ 3K·

$ lK

$ IO.6K
43

Pitcher, K. W., J. S. Vania & K. B. Schneider

(Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

Population Productivity and Food Habits of

Harbor Seals in the Vicinity of Prince

William Sound, Alaska

Pivorunas, A. (Binghfu~ Laboratory)

A Study and Analysis of the Efforts to Reduce

the Mortality and Serious Injury of Porpoises

Incidental to the Commercial Yellowfin Tuna

Fishery and the Impact of Such Incidental Taking

Upon the Porpoise Populations

Ray, G. C. (Johns Hopkins U.)

Hauling-Out Behavior of the Pacific Walrus

Stone, P.

Evaluation of Current References, Resources, and

Development of an Effective Reference Resource

Mechanism for the Marine Mmfu~al Commission

Vandevere, J. ~. (Monterey, California)

The Role of the California Sea Otter in the

Trophic System of Its Environment

Wheelus, J. (Chevy Chase, Maryland)

Study and &,alysis of the Regulations and

Permit l1echanism Implementing the Marine

Mammal Protection Act

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Ray, G.,C. & D. Wartzok (Johns Hopkins U.)

Berkng Sea Marine Mammal Experiment

National Science Foundation

Bullock, T. H. (U. California, LaJolla)

Neuronal Integrative Mechanisms and Their

Organization in Useful Systems

Dawson, W. W. (U. Florida)

Behavioral Evaluation of Feline Vision as

a Model for Human Strabismic F~lyopia

Erickson, A. W. (U. Washington)

Envircnmental Factors in the Distribution

of Seals in the Antarctic Pack Ice

Herman, L. M. (U. Hawaii)

Sensory and Learning-Memory Processes in

the Dolphin

$ 17.7K

S 3.7K

$ 17.4K

$ 4K

$ 15.3K

$ 4.8K

$IOOK

$ 75.2K

$ 5.4K

$ 48.8K

$ 55.6K
44

LeBoeuf, B. J. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Ethology of the Northern Elephant Seal,

Mirounga angustirostris

Murrish, D. E. (Case Western Reserve U.)

Cardiovascular Dynamics in ~~tarctic Homeotherms

Siniff, D. G. (U. Minnesota)

Status and Population Dynamics of Antarctic Seals

Smithsonian Tnstitution

1. Department of Vertebrate Zoology (Total Funding

Level: $28.3K)

Mead, J. G.

Aspects of the Biology of the Short-Finned

Pilot Whale

Functional Anatomy of the Facial Region of

Cetaceans

Survey of Distribution of Cetaceans in the

Western North Atlantic Based on Stranding

Data

$ 2S.9K

$ lS.2K

$ 66.7K

2. Department of Paleobiology (Total Funding Level: $5l.8K)

Ray, C. E.

Studies in the Evolution of Pinnipedia
45

AGENCY PROGRA}1S FOR FY76 & TQ76

Department of Commerce

1. National Marine Fisheries Service

Fiscus, C. H. & R. L. DeLong (Marine Mammal Division)

Endangered Species $ 40K

1. Hawaiian Monk Seal

2. Northern Elephant Seal

3. Guadalupe Fur Seal (Contract with U.

Washington)

Fiscus, C. H. & R. L. DeLong (Marine Mammal Division)

Pinnipeds $ 85.8K

1. San Miguel Island Pinnipeds,

Principally Northern Fur Seal

2. US-USSR Marine Mammal Studies

3. Platforms of Opportunity

4. Contracts:

Johnson, M. L. (U. Puget Sound)

Marine Mammal Survey Flights--Lower Columbia

River, Coastal and Inland Waters ($3K)

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State U.)

An Aerial Assessment of Breeding Pinnipeds

in the Temperate Eastern Pacific ($6.1K)

Risebrough, R. (Bodega Bay Institute of

Pollution Ecology)

~~alysis of California Sea Lion Tissues for

Residues of DDT and PCB Compounds and other

Chlorinated Hydrocarbons ($7K)

Stroud, R. K. (Oregon State U.)

Collection and Examination of Marine Mammals

S-t:!:"anded Along the Oregon Coast ($6K)

Gentry,

Fur

l.

2.

R. & J. H. Johnson (Marine Mammal Division)

Seal Ecosystems--St. George Island

St. George Island Behavioral Studies

St. George Island Subadult Males

$330.2K

McNeely, R. (LaJolla Laboratory)

Porpoise Mortality Reduction

Perrin, W. F. (LaJolla Laboratory)

Porpoise Biological Studies and Field Programs

Powers, J. (LaJolla Laboratory)

Porpoise Quantita-tive Analysis and Data

Management

$120K

$136K

$179K
46

Power, J. (LaJolla Laboratory)

Porpoise Stock Assessment

Roppel, A. Y. et al. (Marine Mammal Division)

Northern Fur Seal--Populations and Monitoring

1. population Dynamics and Monitoring

2. Physiology and Medicine

3. Pelagic Studies

Tillman, M. F. et al. (Marine Mammal Division)

Cetaceans

1. Humpback Whale (North Pacific)

2. Grav Whale

3. Kilier ,'7hale

4. Bowhead Whale

5. Whale Stock Assessment

2. National Sea Grant Program

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State U.)

An Assessment of Sea Lions in the

Rogue River Area

Department of Defense, Department of the Navy

1. Naval Undersea Center

Evans, W. E. & V. Gurevich (NUC)

Beluga Whale Capabilities

Evans, \iT. E. & S. H. Ridgway (NUC)

Sonar Pulse Sources: A Study of

Structures and Function (Tursiops)

Gilmartin, W. G. & G. S. Cosgrove (NUC)

Marine Mammal Preventive Maintenance

and Therapy

Pepper, R. L. (NUC)

Marine Mammal Behavioral Studies

(Tursiops)

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Reproductive Capabilities of Bottlenose

Dolphins

Ridgway, S. H. & W. E. Evans (NUC)

Living Sensor and Neural Processing Technology

Scronce, B. L. (NUC)

Gray Seal Capabilities

$ 81K

$290.7K

$193.7K

TQ76--$ 19.8K

$ 20K*

$ 13K

$ 98K*

$ 60K

$ 60K*

$llOK*

Sweeney, J. C. (}WC)

Open Ocean Diseases of Stranded Marine Mammals $ ?

*Punding level includes both FY 76 and Transition Quarter 76.
47

2. Office of Naval Research

Evans, W. E. (NDC)

Cetacean Radiotelemetry

Ray, G. C. (Johns Hopkins U.)

Navy Environment: Swimmer/Diver Support

and Acoustic Interference: Marine Mammal

Acoustic and Behavioral Capabilities

Ridgway, S. H. (NDC)

Marine Ma~al Bionoses

Schusterman, R. J. (California State College,

Hayward)

Marine Mammal Visual and Acoustic

Behavioral Capabilities

FY76--$ 39.8K

TQ76--$ 9.3K

$ SOK

$ 20K

$ 37K

Schevill, W. E. & W. A. Watkins (Woods Hole

Oceanographic Institution)

Biological F~bient Sea Noise, Bioacoustic

Behavior, and Distribution of Cetaceans

(Whales)

Winn, H. K. (D. Rhode Island)

Navy Environment: Biological Sources

of Ambient Sea Noise: Bioacoustic Behavior

and Sensory Capabilities of Marine Mammals

Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; NIH

Atassi, M. Z. (Mayo Medical School)

Immunochemical Studies on Hemoglobin and

Myoglobin (Whales)

Becker, R. R. (Oregon State U.)

Toxicology of Environmental Chemicals:

Mechanisms for Toxicity of Environmental

Contaminants (human, whales)

Buhler, D. R. (Oregon State U.)

Toxicology of Environmental Chemicals:

Accumulation of Environmental Contaminants

in Marine Mammals

Buhler, D. R. (Oregon State D.)

Environmental Health Sciences Center:

Accumulation of Environmental Contaminants

in Marine Mammals

$ 61K

$ 43K

$ 48.3K

$ 24.2K

$ 24.2K

$ 66.7K
48

Bullock, T. H. (D. California, San Diego)

Comparative Neurophysiology

Elsner, R. W. (D. Alaska)

Circulatory Reactions to Asphyxia (dogs, seals)

Fitch, W. M. (D. Wisconsin)

Heme Proteins--Structure, Function,

Genetics (camel, whale, hQ~an)

Gurd, F. R. (Indiana D.)

Proteins, Lipoproteins--Structure and

Reactivity (chicken, human, diving mammals)

Kooyman, G. L. (D. California, LaJolla)

Physiological Basis of Pulmonary Disease:

Comparative .~atomy and Physiology of the Lung

$ 65.6K

$ 78.lK

$ 41. 8K

$112.9K

$ 26.5K

Leith, D. E. (Harvard D.)

Program Project in Respiratory Mechanics:

Comparative M~~alian Respiratory Mechanics $ 93.9K

Lewis, D. J. (Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation)

Conversion of Growth Hormone and Prolactin $ 93.9K

Lewis, D. J. (Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation)

Primary Structures of Growth Hormones and Prolactins $ 34.1K

Schwartz, H. C. (Stanford D.)

Extrauterine Growth and Development:

Hemoglobin Oxygen Transport (humans, pinnipeds)

Tinsley, I. J. (Oregon State D.)

Environmental Health Sciences Center:

Environmental Significance of Organo-Bromine

Compounds

Turcotte, J. G. (D. Rhode Island)

Synthesis of Renin Inhibitors and Analog

Phosphatides

$ 38.1K

$ 66.7K

$ 34.2K

'fiest, G. C. (D. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska:

Fatty Acid and Essential

Composition

Wever, E. G. (Princeton D.)

The Nature of Hearing

Department of the Interior

variation in

Fatty Acid

$ 37.6K

$191.7K

1. Bureau of Land Management
49

Estes, J. A. (Fish and Wildlife Service)

Behavior and Reproduction of the

Pacific Walrus

Estes, J. A. (Fish and Wildlife Service)

Distribution of the Pacific Walrus

$

$

7

7

Katona, S. & H. Winn (Center for Natural Areas)

A Summary and Analysis of Environmental

Information on the Continental Shelf from

the Bay of Fw,dy to Cape Hatteras. Marine

Mammal Subtotal

Norris, K. S. et al. (D. California)

Marine Mammal-Seabird Baseline Study of

the Southern California Bight. Marine

Mammal Subtotal

2. BLM!NOF_~!OCSEAP

Burns, J. J. (Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

An Aerial Census of Spotted Seals, Phoca

vitulina largha

Burns, J. J. (Alaska DF&G)

Trophic Relationships Among Iceinhibiting Phocid Seals

$ 10K

$1,029K

$ 18K*

$ 60K*

Burns, J. J. & T, J. Eley (Alaska DF&G)

The Natural History and Ecology of the

Bearded Seal, Erignathus barbatus, and the

Ringed Seal, Phoca (Pusa) hispida

Burns, J. J., F. H. Fay, & L. H. Shapiro

(Alaska DF&G and D. Alaska)

The Relationships of Marine Mammal Distributions, Densities, and Activities to Sea

Ice Conditions

Fay, F. H. (D. Alaska)

Morbidity and Mortality of Marine Mammals

Fiscus, C. H. & G. Y. Harry (NOAA!N~PS)

Abundance and Seasonal Distribution

of Marine Mammals in the Gulf of Alaska

FY76--$106K

TQ76--$ 30K

$109.6K*

$ 83.8K*

$ 56.6K*

Fiscus, C. H. & W. B. McAlister (NOF~!Nl1FS)

Abundance and Seasonal Distribution of Bowhead

and Belukha Whales in the Bering Sea

Fiscus, C. H. & A. Y. Roppel (NOAA!Nl1FS)

Baseline Characterization of Marine

Mammals (Bering Sea)

$ 38.3K*

$ 81.7K*
50

Gentry, R. L. & W. B. McAlister (NOAA/NMFS)

Physiological Impact of Oil on Pinnipeds $ 91.5K*

Hall, J. D. & M. F. Tillman (FWS & NOAA/NMFS)

A Survey of Cetaceans of Prince William

Sound and Adjacent Vicinity--Their Nuw~ers

and Seasonal Movements TQ76--$ 26.9K

Marquette, W. M. & G. Y. Harry (NOAA/NMFS)

Abundance and Seasonal Distribution of

Bowhead Whales and Belukha $ 49.8K*

Pitcher, K. W. (Alaska DF&G)

Biology of the Harbor Seal, Phoca

vitulina richardi $ 65K*

Schneider, K. B. (Alaska DF&G)

Assessment of the Distribution and Abundance

of Sea Otters Along the Kenai Peninsula,

Kamishak Bay, and the Kodiak Archipelago $ 11.IK*

Schneider, K. B. (Alaska DF&G)

Distribution and Abundance of Sea Otters

in Southwestern Bristol Bay

Schneider, K. B. & K. W. Pitcher (Alaska DF&G)

population Assessment, Ecology, and Trophic

Relationships of Steller Sea Lions in the

Gulf of Alaska

Ray, G. C. & D. Wartzok (Johns Hopkins U.)

Analysis of Marine Mammal Remote Sensing Data

3. Fish and Wildlife Service l

--Campbell, H. (FWS, Florida):

$ 10K*

$157.lK*

$ l2K*

Manatees-- $139.9K

Age Determination Studies on Florida Manatee

Effects of Vegetation Control Programs on

Florida Manatee

Biological Consequences of Manatee Uses of

Sanctuaries and Unprotected Environments

*Funding level includes both FY76 and Transition Quarter 76
51

Study and Salvage Stranded Manatees and

Other Marine M~~als

Development of Manatee Tagging and Tracking

Technology

Definition of Manatee Habitat Requirements

and Assessment of Habitat Alterations

Basic Sensory and Physiological Parameters

as Related to Technical Needs

Marine Mammal Compatibility "ith Urbanization

Distribution Survey and Status Report on All

Manatee Taxa and Populations

Dugong--

Survey of Conservation Problems and Distribution

Annual Status Report

--Johnson, A. (FWS, Alaska):

$ 33.9K

Sea Otter-- $157.2K

~~nual and Seasonal Distribution, Abundance,

and Composition of Populations of Sea Otters

and Other Marine Mammals in Prince William

Sound, Alaska

Distribution and Abundance of Recently

Established Populations

Biology and Management Needs for

California Sea Otter

Annual Status Report

Walrus--

Biological Activities of Pacific Walrus

Annual Status Reports on Pacific Walrus

and Atlantic Walrus

Hawaiian Monk Seal--

Biological Studies of Hawaiian Monk Seal

to Determine Status of Population

$112.8K

$ 38.2K
52

--Jones, C. (FWS, Washington, D. C.):

Studies of Environmental Pollutants in

Marine Mammals

--Lentfer, J. (FWS, Alaska):

Polar Bear--

Biology and Ecology of Alaska Coastal

Populations

Den Ecology and Distribution

Biological Parameters of Bears of Chuckchi Sea

Biology and Ecology of Bears of Arctic Ocean

Summer Distribution and Ecology of Bears

Discreteness of Populations

Satellite Tracking of Bears

Development of Telemetry System for LongRange Monitoring of Movements and

Physiological Parameters

Predation on Alaska Ice Pinniped Populations

Parasites and Environmental Contaminants in Bears

Estimation of Alaska Population Size and

Productivity

Annual Status Report

3. National Park Service

Jurasz, C. and V. Jurasz (Cooperative Park Studies

Unit, U. Alaska)

Humpback Whale Studies, Glacier Bay National

Monument

Streveler, G. P. (NPS, Glacier Bay National

Monument) Harbor Seal Studies

/2

$45lK

$ ll.2K

$ 6K

lspecies projects funded during transition quarter in same

proportions as during FY76 but at 24 percent of their FY76 levels.

2Costs of studies on environmental pollutants were distributed

among all species ($l5K total).
53

Energy Research and Development Administration

Tester, John R. & D. B. Siniff (U. Minnesota)

Vertebrate Behavior and Ecology (Sea Otter)

Marine Mammal COIT~ission

FY76--

Benirschke, K. & S. H. Ridgway (Zool. Soc. San

Diego & Naval Undersea Center)

Tursiops Breeding Workshop

Brownell, R. L. & C. M. Schonewald (Smithsonian

Institution)

Estimate of Recent Major Takings of

Marine Mammals

Chapman, D. G. (U. Ii'ashington)

Analysis of Tuna-Porpoise Data

Cornell, L. H. & E. D.-Asper (Oceanic

Research Institute)

Further Investigation into Appropriate

Cryogenic Marking Processes

Evans, W. E. & J. S. Leatherwood (Naval

Undersea Center)

Acoustic Characteristics of Nets

and Floats in the Water During Purse

Seine Fishing for Yellowfin Tuna

Gard, R. (U. Alaska, Juneau)

Aerial Census and a Population Dynamics

Study of Gray Whales in Baja California

During the 1976 Calving and Mating Season

Gilmartin, W. G., J. C. Sweeney, & M. H. Beleau

(Naval Undersea Center)

Effects of Certain Environmental

Pollutants on Pupping in the California

Sea Lion

Gonsalves, J. T. (Progressive Fishing

Enterprises)

Improved Device and Method to

Prevent Porpoise Mortality

Katona, S. K. (College of the Atlantic)

The Gulf of Maine Whale Sighting Network

$ 28K

$ 9.8K

$ 17.9K

$ 12.4K

$ 6.7K

$. 19.8K

$ 13. 4K

$ 12.2K

$ 29.7K

$ 2.5K
54

Kavanau, J. L. (U. California, Los F~geles)

Behavior of the Sea Otter, Enhydra lutris

Kooyman, G. (U. California, San Diego)

Development and Testing of a New, Low Cost

Method for Monitoring at Sea Behavior of

Marine Mammals

Leatherwood, J. S. (Naval Undersea Center)

The Comparative Utility of Some Aerial

Census Methods in Cetacean Stock Assessment

New England Aquarium (Boston)

Marine Mammal Strandings Along the New

England Coast: A Study into Pathobiology

and Life History

Norris, K. S. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Behavioral Studies Relative to the

Tuna-Porpoise Problem

Payne, R. S. (New York Zool. Soc. Center for

Field Biology and Conservation)

Assessment of Two Right Whale Populations

by Means of Aerial Censusing and Photogrammetry

Ray, G. C, (Johns Hopkins U.)

Identification and Preservation of Critical

Marine Mammal Habitats Within the Jurisdiction of the United States

Reeves, R. R.

The Impact of Human Activity on the Eastern

Pacific PopUlation of Gray Whales (Eschrichtius

robustus)

Risebrough, R. W. et al. (Bodega Bay Institute

of Pollution Ecology)

Population Biology of Harbor Seals in

San Francisco Bay, California

Waring, G. H. (Southern Illinois U.)

Analysis of Outer Continental Shelf

Development and Potential Impacts on

Marine Mammal Populations

Wilson, S. C. (Smithsonian Institution)

Management Implications of Social Behavior

of the Harbor Seal, Phoca vitulina concolor

$ 7.8K

$ 19K

$ 7K

$ 32.3K

$128.5K

$ 22.2K

$ 20.9K

$ 3.1K

$ 22.5K

$ 19K

$ 8.6K
55

Woodhouse, C. D. (Santa Barbara Museum of

Natural History)

A Summary of Knowledge of the Sea Otter

and an Appraisal of the Completeness of

Biological Understanding of the Species

Transition Quarter 76--

Ainley, D. G. (Point Reyes Bird Observatory)

Studies of Marine Mammals at the

Farallon Islands

Chapman, D. G. & M. Tillman (U. Washington)

Reassessment of Available Data on Antarctic

Sei Whale Stocks

Dayton, P. K. (U. California)

Studies Toward the Understanding of the

Health and Stability of Some Sea Otter

Dominated Marine Communities

Green, K. A. (LGL Limited)

Further Development of an Ecosystem Model

for the Southern Ocean

Johnson, M. L. (U. Puget Sound)

Distribution, Population Dynamics, and

Ecology of the Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina)

in the Waters of the State of Washington

Kavanau, J. L. (U. California, Los Angeles)

Behavior of the Sea Otter, Enhydra lutris

Pearse, J. S. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Ecological Benchmarks in Santa Cruz County

Kelp Forests Before the Re-establishment of

Sea Otters

Ridgway, S. H., W. F. Flanigan, & A. F. Langguth

(Naval Undersea Center)

Investigation of a Potential Method

for the Humane Taking of Certain

Marine Mammals

Schmidly, D. J. (Texas A & M U.)

The Population Biology of Tursiops truncatus,

the Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphin in the

Aransas Pass Area of Texas

$ 12.5K

$ 6.6K

$ 8.4K

$ 53.9K

$ 10K

$ 11K

$ 5.5K

$ 23.5K

$ 9K

$ 6K
-56

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Ray, G. C., D. Wartzok, & P. Sebesta

(Johns Hopkins U. & Ames Res. Center)

Bering Sea Marine Mammal Experiment

National Science Foundation

Awbrey, F. T. (San Diego State D.)

Study of Acoustical Factors Affecting

Porpoise Mortality in Tuna Fishing

(No cost extension)

TQ76--$1l9.6K

Brownell, R. L. (Smithsonian Institution)

Stock Assessment of Antarctic Minke Whales

Bullock, T. H. (D. California, San Diego)

Neuronal Integrative Meachanisms

Dawson, W. w. (U. Florida)

Vision in Dolphins and Other Cetaceans

Herman, L. M. (U. Hawaii)

Sensory and Learning-Memory Processes

in the Dolphin

LeBoeuf, B. J. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Ethology of the Northern Elephant Seal

(Mirounga angustirostris)

Norris, K. S. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Peripheral Sound Processing in Porpoises

Siniff, D. F. (D. Minnesota)

Colony Behavior of Antarctic Marine

Mammals

Siniff, D. B. (U. Minnesota)

Studies of Biota of Antarctic Pack Ice

Zapol, W. M. (Massachusetts General Hospital)

The Cardiovascular and Metabolic Response

to Diving and Endocrinology of the Gravid

Near-Term Weddell Seal

$ 21. 5K

FY76--$ 76.9K

TQ76--$ 70K

FY76--$ 35K

TQ76--$ 39.1K

FY76--$ 15K

TQ76--$ 5K

$ 27.2K

FY76--$ 30K

TQ76--$ 10K

FY76--$ 50.8K

TQ76--$ 42.4K

FY76--$ 28.2K

TQ76--$ 44.1K

TQ76--$ 75.6K
Smithsonian Institution

Mead, J. G. (Smithsonian Institution)

Marine Mammal Program

Ray, C. (Smithsonian Institution)

Studies in the Evolution of the Pinnipeds

FY & TQ76--$ 42.8K

$ 59.2K
58

AGENCY PROGRM1S FOR FY77

Department . of Commerce

1. National Narine Fisheries Service

a. Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center

Fiscus, C. H. (Narine Mammal Division)

Endangered Species

1. Hawaiian Monk Seal

2. Northern Elephant Seal

3. Guadalupe Fur Seal (Contract with

U. Washington)

Fiscus, C. H. (Narine Mammal Division)

Pinnipeds

1. San Niguel Island Pinnipeds,

principally Northern Fur Seal

2. US-USSR Narine Mammal Studies

Gentry, R. (Narine Nammal Division)

Northern Fur Seals: Ecosystem Studies,

St. George Island

$ 40K

$ 90K

$246K

Harry, G. (Narine Nammal

Northern Fur Seals:

Pelagic

Harry, G. (Marine Nammal

Northern Fur Seals:

Physiology

Division)

Ecosystem Studies,

Divison)

Population and

$120K

$262K

Tillman, M. (Marine Mammal Division)

Cetaceans

1. Humpback Whales (North Pacific)

2 • Gray Whale

3. Killer Whale

4. Whale Stock Assessment

$211K

Tillman, M. (Marine Mammal

Endangered Cetaceans:

Bowhead

b. Southwest Fisheries Center

Division)

Arctic Whales--

$201K

Everett, J. T. (SWFC)

Porpoise:

1. Quantitative Analysis

2. Data Management

$ 37.6K

$152.0K
59

McNeely, R. (SWFC)

Porpoise Mortality Reduction Technology

Perrin, W. F. (SWFC)

Porpoise Biological Studies

(Also $13.7K for Growth and Reproduction

of Delphinus in the Eastern Tropical

Pacific, C. Hui (Naval Ocean Systems

Center))

Powers, J. E. (S,VPC)

Porpoise Stock Assessment

2. National Sea Grant Program

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State U.)

An Assessment of Sea Lions in the Rogue

River Area

Department of Defense, Department of the Navy

1. Naval Ocean Systems Center (formerly NUC)

Beleau, M. H. (NOSC)

Prepared Ration Development

Gilmartin, W. G. (NOSC)

Automated Training by ElectronicallyGenerated Tones

Biorhythms in Captive Tursiops

Captive Breeding (Tursiops):

Artificial Insemination Techniques

Fur Seal Conditioning and Echolocation

Assessment

Marine Mammal Preventive Medicine & Therapy

Trainability Assessment Test (Pinnipeds)

Ljungblad, D. K. (NOSC)

Comparison Hearing Threshold Techniques:

Behavioral Verses Physiological

Nachtigall, P. E. (NOSC)

Tursiops Behavioral Study: In-air

Matching-to-Sample

Tursiops Fish/Ration Motivation Study

$299.6K

$138.1K

$516.5K

$ 25.8K

$ 15K

$ 74K

$ 25K

$ 40K

¥ 70K

$ 55K

$ 80K

$ 60K

$ 75K

$ 75K
60

Ridgway, S. H. (NOSC)

Acoustic Neural Processes (Tursiops)

Ridgway, S. H. (Hubbs-Sea World Research Institute)

Beluga Trainability and Hearing Thresholds

Scronce, B. L. (NOSC)

Gray Seal Capabilities

Turl, C. w. (NOSC)

Active Sonar for Sea Lions

2. Office of Naval Research

Evans, W. (Hubbs-Sea World Research Institute)

Radio Tracking of Cetaceans Using Telemetry

Techniques

Gilmartin, W. G. (NOSC)

Marine Mammal Bionosis

Ray, G. C. and D. Wartzok (John Hopkins U.)

Telemetry and Acoustics of Pinnipeds

Shusterman, R. J. (California State U.--Hayward)

Mammal Underwater Acoustics

Vedros, N. A. (Naval Biosciences Laboratory)

Host Parasite Interaction with M~~als

in a Marine Environment

Watkins, W. A. & W. E. Schevill (Woods Hole

Oceanographic Institu,tion)

Marine Biological Sounds

Winn, H. E. (U. Rhode Island)

Bioacoustics and Behavior of Marine Mammals

Department of Energy

Eberhardt, L. L. (Battelle-Pacific Northwest

Laboratory)

Analysis of Natural Systems

Tester, J. R. and D. B. Siniff (U. Minnesota)

Vertebrate Behavior and Ecology

$ 55K

$ 10K

$ 10K

$ 74K

$ 60K

$ 20K

$ 40K

$ 47K

$ 60K

$142K

$ 45K

$ 50K

$ 30K
61

Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; NIH

Atassi, M. Z. (Mayo Medical School)

Immunochemical Studies on Hemoglobin

and Myoglobin (whales)

Becker, R. R. (Oregon State U.)

Toxicology of Environmental Chemicals:

Mechanisms for Toxicity of Environmental

Contaminants (humans, whales)

Buhler, D. B. (Oregon State U.)

Toxicology of Environmental Chemicals:

Accumulation of Environmental Contaminants

in Marine Mammals

Buhler, D. B. (Oregon State U.)

Environmental Health Sciences Center:

Accumulation of Environmental Contaminants

in Marine Mammals

Bullock, T. H. (U. California, San Diego)

Comparative Neurophysiology (sharks, rays,

seals, porpoises, sloths, etc.)

Fetterman, G. H. (Children's Hospital, Pittsburgh)

Study of Immature Kidneys by Microdissection

(human, rats, seal, beaver)

Gurd, F. R. (Indiana U.)

Proteins, Lipoproteins--Structure and

Reactivity (chicken, human, diving mammals)

Gurd, F. R. (Indiana U.)

Specific Enrichment of Myoglobins for

Carbon 13 NMR (Cetacea)

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California, LaJolla)

Physiological Basis of Pulmonary Disease:

Comparative Physiology (harbor seals and

California sea lions)

Linker, A. (Veterans Administration Hospital,

Salt Lake City)

Structure and Function of Mucopolysaccharides (human, seals, snakes)

Schwartz, H. C. (Stanford U.)

Extrauterine Growth and Development:

Hemoglobin Oxygen Transport (human, pinnipeds)

$ 50.7K

$ 27.3K

$ 27.3K

$ 74.9K

$130.3K

$1l7.8K

$ 66.6K

$ 53.1K

$ 43.3K

$ 35.lK
62

Tinsley, I. J. (Oregon State D.)

Environmental Health Sciences Center:

Environmental Significance of Organobromine Compounds (marine animals)

West, J. B. (D. California, LaJolla)

Physiological Basis of Pulmonary Disease:

Morphometric Studies of the Lung (harbor

seals, California sea lions)

Department of the Interior

1. Bureau of Land Management

Fiscus, C. (NOAA/NMFS)

Alaska Pinnipeds

Norris, K. L., B. LeBoeuf & G. Hunt (D. California,

Santa Cruz)

Marine Mammal-Sea Bird Survey of the

Southern California Bight (Total 1,029K)

(Marine Mammal Subtotal only)

Reed, W. (Center for Natural Areas, South

Gardiner, !4E)

Summary and Analysis of Environmental

Information on the Continental Shelf

and Blake Plateau from Cape Hatteras

to Cape Canaveral

2. BLM/NOAA/OCSEAP

$ 75.9K

$ 53.1K

$157K

$900K

$199.9K

Burns, J. J. and T. J. Eley (Alaska Department

of Fish and Game)

The Natural History and Ecology of the

Bearded Seal, Erignathus barbatus, and the

Ringed Seal, Phoca hispida $104.5K

Burns, J. J., F. H. Fay & L. H. Shapiro (Alaska DF&G)

The Relationship of Marine Mammal Distributions, Densities and Activities to Sea Ice

Conditions $102.2K

Burns, J. J., L. F. Lowry & K. J. Krost (Alaska

DF&G)

Trophic Relationships Among IceInhabiting Phocid Seals $ 96.6K

Fay, F. H. (D. Alaska)

Morbidity and Mortality of Marine Mammals $ 70.4K

Fiscus, C. H., H. Braham & B. Krogman (NOAA/N~PS)

Bowhead and Beluga Whales in the Bering,

Chukchi and Beaufort Seas $ 85K
63

Fiscus, C. H., H. W. Braham & D. J. Rugh (NOAA/N~~S)

Marine Mammals of the Bering and Southern

Chukchi Seas $109.5K

Fiscus, C. H., R. Mercer & H. Braham (NOAA/NMFS)

Seasonal Distribution and Relative Abundance

of Marine Mammals in the Gulf of Alaska $ 25.2K

Hall, J. D. & M. F. Tillman (FWS & NOAA/N~~S)

A Survey of Cetaceans of Prince William

Sound and Adjacent Vicinity--Their Numbers

and Seasonal Movements $127.2K

Kooyman, G. L. (Scripps Institute of Oceanography)

Effects of Oil Pollution on Marine Mammals $ 59K

Pitcher, K. W. & D. Calkins (Alaska DF&G)

Biology of the Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina

richardi) in the Gulf of Alaska $ 60K

Pitcher, K. W. & D. Calkins (Alaska DF&G)

Population Assessment, Ecology and Trophic

Relationships of Steller Sea Lions in the

Gulf of Alaska $145.5K

3. Fish and Wildlife Service

--Sea Otter (and Marine Otter)--

Johnson, A. (National Fish and Wildlife Laboratory)

Annual and Seasonal Distribution, ~~undance

and Composition of Populations of Sea Otters

and Other Marine Mammals in Prince William

Sound, Alaska

Jameson, R. (NFWL)

Distribution and Abundance of Recently

Established Sea Otter Populations

Biology and Management Needs for California

Sea Otters

Estes, J. (NFWL)

Interactions Between Sea Otters and the

Nearshore Community

$175.2K
64

U. Washington Fisheries Research Institute

Nearshore Fish Communities of

Attu Island ($18K)

Siniff, D. (U. Minnesota)

Research and Investigations on CalifoL~ia

Populations of Sea Otters ($5K) -

Irons, D.

Sea Otter Community Interactions ($5.3K)

Staff (NFWL)

Annual Status Reports on Sea and Marine Otters

--Walrus-- $14l.6K

Estes, J. (NFWL)

Ecological Relationships Among Icebreeding Pinnipeds

Reeves, R.

Survey Status of Atlantic Walrus ($6K)

Staff (NFWL)

Annual Status Reports on Pacific and

Atlantic Walruses

--Polar Bear-- $353.lK

Lentfer, J. (NFWL)

Biology and Ecology of Alaska Coastal Populations

Den Ecology and Distribution

Biological Parameters of Bears of Chukchi Sea

Biology and Ecology of Bears of Arctic Ocean

Summer Distribution and Ecology of Bears

Discreteness of Populations

Satellite Tracking of Bears

Parasites and Environmental Contaminants in Bears

Estimation of Alaska Population Size and Productivity

Impact of Resource Development on Bears and Their

Habitat
65

Handar Corporation

Development of Telemetry System for Longrange Monitoring of Movements and Physiological

Parameters ($29K)

Gilbert, J.

Status of Populations and Population

Modeling ($2.5K)

Staff (NFl'lL)

Annual Status Report

--Hawaiian Monk Seal-- $ 52.3K

Johnson, A. and K. Kenyon (NFWL)

Biological Studies to Determine Status

of PopUlation

Naftel, G. (Easy Rider)

Logistical Support for Seal Survey

(ship charter) ($40.4K)

--Manatees-- $175.2K

Campbell, H. and B. Irvine (NFWL)

Effects of Vegetation Control Frograms on

Florida ~1anatee

Biological Consequences of Manatee Uses of

Sanctuaries and Unprotected Environments

Study and Salvage of Stranded Manatees and

Other Marine Hammals

Development of Manatee Tagging and Tracking

Technology

Definition of Manatee Habitat Requirements

and Assessment of Habitat Alterations

Basic Sensory and Physiological Parameters

as Related to Technical Needs

Marine Ma~al Compatibility with

Urbanization

Distribution and Status of All Manatee

Taxa and Populations

Duplaix-Hall, N. (RARE)

Manatee Populations in Selected ~Jeas of

South &~erica ($4.5K)
66

Staff (NFTflL)

Annual Status Reports

--Dugong-- $ 14.5K

Brownell, R. (NFWL)

Survey of Distribution, Status and

Conservation Problems

Auffenberg, W.

Survey Populations in the Philippine

Islands ($O.7K)

Staff (NFWL)

Annual Status Report

--Marine Mammal Tagging--

Staff (National Fish and wildlife Laboratory)

4. Geological Survey

Whitmore (USGS/Paleontology and Stratigraphy)

Mesozoic and Cenozoic Paleontology and

Stratigraphy of the Atlantic and Eastern

Gulf Coastal Plain (cetaceans)

5. National Park Service

Hendrix, G. (Everglades National Park)

Logistic Support for Survey of Endangered

wildlife- (manatees)

Jurasz, C. and V. Jurasz (Auke Bay, AK)

Ecology of Humpback Whales (harbor

porpoise, minke whales and killer whales

also)

Streveler, G. (Glacier Bay National Monument)

Harbor Seal Studies

Marine Mammal Commission

Ainley, D. G. and H. Huber (Point Reyes

Bird Observatory)

Studies of Marine Mammals at the Farallon

Islands

Benirschke, K. (Zoological Society of San Diego)

Enhancement of Captive Dolphin Breeding Through

Harmonal Studies of Ovulation

$ 21.1K

$ 31. 2K

$ O.5K

$ 10K

$ 6K

$ 11. 7K

$ 21. 9K
67

Botkin, D. B. and M. J. Sobel

Concept of Optimum Sustainable Populations

of Marine Mammals

Chapman, D. G. (U. Washington)

Whale Statistics

Evans, C. D. (U. Alaska)

Study of Pending Federal Legislation Relating

to Proposed Wildlife Refuges and Other Special

Areas in the State of Alaska

Foster, M. S. (Moss Landing Marine Laboratories)

Baseline Studies of Subtidal Communities Near

the Northern Extremity of the Sea Otter's

California Range

Fowler, C. W. (Utah State U.)

Comparative Population Dynamics:

A Search for Management Criteria

Geraci, J. (New England Aquarium)

Marine Mammal Stranding Workshop

Gilbert, J. (U. Maine)

Assessment of the Status of Gray Seals

(Halichoerus grypus) in Coastal Waters

of the Northeast United States

Green, K. A.

Computer Model of the California

Current Ecosystem

Hui, C. A. (Naval Ocean Systems Center)

Reliability of Dentinal Age Determination

in Tursiops

Johnson, B. W. and P. A. Johnson

The Hawaiian Monk Seal on Laysan Island

Johnson, M. (U. Puget Sound)

Population Dynamics and Ecology of the Harbor

Seal (Phoca vitulina) in the State of Washington

Katona, S. K. (College of the Atlantic)

Identification of Humpback Whales from

Fluke Photographs

Mathisen, O. A. (U. Washington)

Techniques for Estimating Krill Abundance in the

Southern Ocean

$ 10K

$ 29.5K

$ 10K

$ 40.6K

$ 57.2K

$ 15K

$ lO.2K

$ l3.5K

$ 9.9K

$ 20.2K

$ l7.7K

7K

$ l4.5K
68

Nafziger, J. A. R. (U. Oregon)

Developments in the Law of Marine Mammal

Management

National Technical Information Service

(Department of Commerce)

Document Registration and Distribution

of JII.MC Documents

Naftel, G. and L. R. Taylor (Easy Rider Corporation)

Predation on the Hawaiian Monk Seal (Monachus

schauinslandi) by Large Sharks

Norris, K. S. and W. Stuntz (U. California,

Santa Cruz)

Study of the "Passive" Behavior of

Spotted Porpoise (Stenella attenuata)

Captured During Commercial Purse Seine

Fishing for Yellowfin Tuna

Reeves, R. R. (Smithsonian Institution)

Marine Mammal Protection and Conservation Issues

Risebrough, R. W. (Bodega Bay Institute of

Pollution Ecology)

Accumulation of Petroleum Compounds in

Harbor Seals in San Francisco Bay

Shallenberger, E. (Sea Life Park)

Humpback Whale Workshop

Shallenberger, E. W. (Manta Corporation)

Status of Cetaceans in Hawaiian Waters

Smith, T. (U. Hawaii)

Study of Recently Developed Model of

Historical Abundance of Porpoise

Stone, P. S.

Marine Mammal Commission Reference Library

Swartz, S. L. (San Diego Society of Natural History)

Field Studies of the Gray Whale (Eschrichtius

robustus) in Laguna San Ignacio, Baja California

Tillman, M. F. (National Marine Fisheries Service)

Whale Logbook Workshop

Waring, G. H. (Southern Illinois U.)

Issues Affecting the Conservation a~d Protection

of Marine Mammals

$ 7.4K

$ 3.4K

$ 13. 9K

$ l2.5K

$ 34.lK

$ 2.8K

$ 6K

$ lO.2K

$ 2K

$ 8.4K

$ 9.8K

$ 4K

$ 4.8K
69

Winn, H. (D. Rhode Island)

Comparative Evaluation of Aerial-Shipboard Techniques

for Estimating the Abundance of Humpback ~males $ l2.1K

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Michelson, R. C., B. Irvine & L. Keene (Georgia

Institute of Technology)

Manatee Tracking Project--Develop a Concept

of an Automatic Tracking System to Determine

the Location and Movements of Manatees

Ray, G. C., D. Wartzok and P. Sebesta (Johns Hopkins

D. and NASA/Ames Research Center)

Bering Sea Marine Mammal Experiment

National Science Foundation

Awbrey, F. T. (San Diego State D.)

Acoustical Factors Affecting Porpoise Mortality

in Tuna Fishing

Dawson, W. W. (D. Florida)

Vision in Dolphins and Other Cetaceans

Herman, L. M. (D. Hawaii)

Sensory and Learning-Memory Processes in the

Dolphin

$ SOK

-0-

$ 97.1K

$ 39.1K

$ 7.8K

Jonkel, C. J. and B. O'Gara (D. Montana)

Environmental and Ecological Studies of High Arctic

Mammalian Habitat and Food Chains Affected by

Development $300K

Kooyman, G. L. (D. California, San Diego)

Comparative Aquatic Biology of Antarctic Endotherms $ 74.7K

LeBoeuf, B. J. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Biological Studies of the Northern Elephant Seal $ 33.1K

Morgane, P. J. (Worcester Foundation for Experimental

Biology, Shrewsbury, MA)

Archicortical-Limbic Formations of Dolphin Brain $ 39.8K

Norris, K. S. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Peripheral Sound Processing in Porpoises $ 29.3K

Siniff, D. B. (D. Minnesota)

Studies of Biota of Antarctic Pack Ice $ SOK

Siniff, D. B. and D. P. DeMaster (D. Minnesota)

Colony Behavior of F~tarctic Marine M~~als $ 48K
70

Smithsonian Institution

Mead, J. G. (Smithsonian Institution)

Marine Mammal Program

Ray, C. E. (Smithsonian Institution)

Studies on the Evolution of the Pinnipedia

Veterans Administration

Seal, u. S. (VA Medical Center, Minneapolis)

Function, Evolution and Structure of

Hormone-Binding Proteins (pinnipeds, etc.)

Theil, G. B. (VA Medical Center, Wood, WI)

The Isolation and Characterization of Fish

Myohemoglobin (harbor seal, etc.)

$ SOK

$ S6.1K

$ 88.6K

$ 14K
71

AGENCY PROGRfu~S FOR FY78

Department of Commerce

1. National Marine Fisheries Service

a. Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center

Fiscus, C. (Marine Mammal Division)

Endangered Species

1. Hawaiian Monk Seal

2. Northern Elephant Seal

3. Guadalupe Fur Seal

Fiscus, C. (Marine Mammal Division)

Pinnipeds (of California, Oregon and

Washington)

Gentry, R. (Marine Mammal Division)

Northern Fur Seals: Ecosystem Studies,

St. George Island

$ SOK

$ 93K

$260K

Harry, G. (Marine Mammal

Northern Fur Seals:

Pelagic

Harry, G. (Marine Mammal

Northern Fur Seals:

Physiology

Division)

Ecosystem Studies,

Division)

Population and

$124K

$282K

Tillman, M. (Marine Mammal Division)

Cetaceans

1. Humpback Whales

2. Gray Whales

3. Whale Stock Assessment

$309K

Tillman, M. (Marine Mammal

Endangered Cetaceans:

Hhales--Bowhead

Division)

Arctic

$724K

Tillman, M. (Marine Mammal Division)

Endangered Cetaceans: Dall Porpoise

b. Southwest Fisheries Center

Coe, J. M. and W. E. Stuntz (SWFC)

Porpoise Mortality Reduction

1. Technology

2. Behavior and Physiology

Perrin, W. F. (SWFC)

Porpoise Biological Studies

$210K

$303.9K

$183.7K

$220.4K
72

Powers, J., N. Lo and C. Oliver (SWFC)

Porpoise:

1. Quantitative Analysis

2. Data Management

Powers, J. (SWFC)

Porpoise Stock Assessment

2. National Sea Grant College Program

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State U.)

p~ Assessment of Sea Lions in the Rogue

River Area

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State U.)

Population Growth and Feeding Habits of

Harbor Seals in an Aquacultural-Enhanced

Environment

Department of Defense, Department of the Navy

1. Naval Ocean Systems Center

Gilmartin, W. G. (NOSC)

Trainability Assessment Test (pinnipeds)

(Hubbs-Sea World Research Institute)

Beluga Hearing Thresholds

(Hubbs-Sea World Research Institute)

Beluga Temperature Limitations

Fur Seal Ecolocation Assessment

Pacific Tursiops Hearing Thresholds

Fur Seal Deep Dive Evaluation

Marine Mammal Bionoses

Health Screening Techniques (pinnipeds)

Captive Dolphin Breeding

Dolphin Immunology (Erysipelas)

Leatherwood, S. J. (NOSC)

Purse Seine Acoustic Environment

Ljungblad, D. K. (NOSC)

Comparison Learning Threshold Techniques:

Behavioral vs. Physiological (TursioDs)

$ 63.3K

$2SS.4K

$524.5K

$ 26.7K

$ 23K

$ 21K

$ 12K

$ 13K

$ 11K

$ 18K

$ 85K

$ 37K

$ 10K

$ 18K

$ 20K

$ 48K

$ 20K
73

Ridgway, S. H. (NOSC)

Acoustic Neural Processes (Tursiops)

Gray Seal Echolocation Assessment

Vitamin A Metabolism in Dolphins

Porpoise Health Assessment by Sound

Production

Turl, C. W. (NOSC)

Active Sonar For Sea Lions

2. Office of Naval Research

Cummings, W. (San Diego Museum of Natural History)

Analysis of Low Frequency Whale Sounds

Gilmartin, W. G. (NOSC)

Marine Mammal Bionosis

Ray, G. C. and D. Wartzok (John Hopkins U.)

Telemetry and Acoustics of Pinnipeds

Shusterman, R. J. (California State U., Hayward)

Mammal Underwater Acoustics

Watkins, W. A. and W. E. Schevill (Woods Hole

Oceanographic Institute)

Marine Biological Sounds

Winn, H. E. (U. Rhode Island)

Bioacoustics and Behavior of Marine

Mammals

Vedros, N. A. (Naval Biosciences Lab, Oakland)

Host Parasite Interactions with Mammals

in a Marine Environment

DeparL~ent of Energy

Eberhardt, L. L. (Battelle-Pacific Northwest

Laboratory)

Analysis of Natural Systems

Tester, J. R. and D. B. Siniff (U. Minnesota)

Vertebrate Behavior and Ecology

$ 6DK

$ 3DK

$ 7K

$ 25K

$llDK

$ 26K

$ 2DK

$ 58K

$ 52K

$133K

$ 46K

$ 95K

$ 5DK

$ 30K
74

Department of Health, Education and Welfare, NIH

Atassi, M. Z. (Mayo Medical School)

Immunochemical Studies on Hemoglobin and

Myoglobin (whales)

Becker, R. R. (Oregon State D.)

Toxicology of Environmental Chemicals:

Mechanisms for Toxicity of Environmental

Contaminants (human, whales)

Buhler, D. B. (Oregon State D.)

Toxicology of Environmental Chemicals:

Accumulation of Environmental Contaminants

in Marine Mammals

Buhler, D. B. (Oregon State D.)

Environmental Health Sciences Center:

Accumulation of Environmental Contaminants

in Marine Mammals

Bullock, T. H. (D. California, San Diego)

Comparative Neurophysiology (sharks, rays,

porpoises, seals, sloths, etc.)

Gurd, F. R. (Indiana U.)

Proteins, Lipoproteins--Structure and

Reactivity (diving mammals, human, chicken)

Gurd, F. R. (Indiana D.)

Specific Enrichment of Myoglobins for

Carbon 13 N<1R (Cetacea)

Howard, E. B. (U. Southern California)

NIEHS Marine/Freshwater Biomedical Center

Grant: Toxicologic, Immunologic Effects of

Environmental Contaminants (Marine mammals)

Kooyman, G. L. (D. California, LaJolla)

Physiological Basis of Pulmonary Disease:

Comparative Physiology (diving mammals)

Linker, A. (Veterans Administration Hospital,

Salt Lake City)

Structure and Function of Mucopolysaccharides (human, seals, snakes)

Tinsley, I. J. (Oregon State U.)

Environmental Health Science Center:

Environmental Significance of Organo-bromine

Compounds (marine animals)

$ 53K

$ 26.3K

$ 26.3K

$ 78.5K

$134.7K

$123K

$ 70.3K

$ 13.3K

$ 62.7K

$ 42.7K

$ 78.5K
75

West, J. B. (U. California, LaJolla)

Physiological Basis of Pulmonary Disease:

Morphometric Studies of the Lung (diving

mammals)

Department of the Interior

1. Bureau of Land Management

Fiscus, C. (National Marine Fisheries Service)

Alaskan Pinnipeds

Kelley, J. (NARL, Barrow, Alaska)

Project Whales: Investigation of

Endangered Whales in Beaufort Sea Lease

Areas

Norris, K. S., B. LeBoeuf and G. Hunt

(U. California, Santa Cruz)

Marine Mammal-Sea Bird Survey of

Southern California Bight

Winn, H., R. Edel, S. Katona, R. Reeves,

J. Gilbert, C. Shoop and S. Kraus

(U. Rhode Island)

Characterization of Marine Mammals and

Marine Turtles in the Mid- and North

Atlantic Areas of the U.S. Outer

Continental Shelf

2. BLM/NOAA/OCSEAP

Brahfuu, H. (NMFS/mvAFC)

Resource Assessment: Abundance and Seasonal

Distribution of Bowhead and Beluga Whales--

Bering Sea

Braham, H. and R. Mercer (NMFS/NWAFC)

Abundance and Seasonal Distribution of

Marine Mammals in the Gulf of Alaska

Burns, J., T. Eley and K. Frost (Alaska Dept.

Fish and Game)

The Natural History and Ecology of the

Bearded Seal (Erignathus barbatus) and the

Ringed Seal (Phoca hispida)

Calkins, D. and K. Pitcher (Alaska Dept.

Fish and Game)

Population Assessment, Ecology and Trophic

Relationships of Steller Sea Lions in the

Gulf of Alaska

$ 62.7K

$ 85K

$150K

-0-

$1,454.8K

$ 34.4K

$ 36.7K

$125.4K

$155K
76

Fay, F. (0. Alaska)

Morbidity and Mortality of Marine Mammals

Fiscus, C., H. Braham and D. Rugh (NMFS/NWAFC)

Baseline Characteristics of Marine Mammals

in the Bering Sea

Hall, J. and M. F. Tillman (DSFWS and NOAA/NNFS)

A Survey of Cetaceans of Prince William

Sound and Adjacent Vicinity--Their Nlli~ers

and Seasonal Movements

Kooyman, G. (0. California, Scripps Inst.

Oceanography)

Effects of Oiling on Temperature Regulation

in Sea Otters

Lowry, L., K. Frost and J. Burns (Alaska Dept.

Fish and Game)

Trophic Relationships Among Ice Inhabiting

Phocid Seals

Pitcher, K. and D. Calkins (Alaska Dept. Fish

and Game)

Biology of the Harbor Seal, Phoca vitulina

richardii, in the Gulf of Alaska

Shapiro, L., J. Burns and F. Fay (U. Alaska)

The Relationships of Marine Mammal Distributions, Densities and Activities to Sea

Ice Conditions

3. Fish and Wildlife Service

--Sea Otter (and Marine Otter)--

Johnson, A. (National Fish and Wildlife Laboratory)

Annual and Seasonal Distribution, Abundance

and Composition of Populations of Sea Otters

and O~~er Marine Mammals in Prince William

Sound, AK

Jameson, R. (NFWL)

Biology and Management Needs for California

Sea Otter

Estes, J. and G. Van Blaricom (NFWL)

Interactions Between Sea Otters and the

Nearshore Community

$ll4K

$ 36.9K

$ 31. 8K

$ 65K

$ll2.2K

$ SDK

$ 68. 6K

$379.6K
77

U. Washington Fisheries Research Inst.

Nearshore Fish Communities of Attu

Island ($24K)

Siniff, D. (U. Minnesota)

Development and Field and Lab Testing of

Radio Telemetry Packages and Systems for

Sea Otters (and other marine mammals

under Interior's jurisdiction) ($59.9K)

Hardy, R. A. and J. Ames (California Department

of Fish and Game)

Sea Otter Research (Federal

Assistance $93.7K)

Irons, D.

Sea Otter Community Interactions and

Problems in the California Area ($3.5K)

Brownell, R. (NFWL)

Parasites and Environmental Contaminants

in Sea Otters

Staff (NFWL)

Annual Status Reports on Sea and Marine

Otters

--Walrus-- $ 52K

Estes, J. (NFWL)

Biological Activities of Pacific and

Atlantic Walruses

Brownell, R. (NFWL)

Parasites and Environmental Contaminants

in Walruses

Staff (NFWL)

Annual Status Reports on Atlantic and

Pacific Walruses

--Polar Bear-- $273.lK

Lentfer, J. and D. DeMaster (N~~L)

Biology and Ecology of Alaska Coastal

Populations

Den Ecology and Distribution

Biological Parameters of Bears of Chukchi Sea
78

Biology and Ecology of Bears of Arctic Ocean

Summer Distribution and Ecology of Bears

Satellite Tracking of Bears

Estimation of Alaska Population Size and

Productivity

Reproductive Biology of Populations

Handar Corporation

Telemetry Packages for Tracking and

Monitoring Bears ($22K)

DeMaster, D.

Analysis of Existing Bear Data and Field Research

at Radstock Bay, Devon Island, Canada ($9K)

Staff (NFWL)

Annual Status Report

--Hawaiian Monk Seal-- $ 52K

Johnson, A. (NFWL)

Biological Studies to Determine Status

of Population

Naftel, G. (Easy Rider)

Logistical Support for Seal Survey

(ship charter) ($12.1K)

--Manatees-- $253.5K

Irvine, B. (NF,~)

Determination of Causes of Mortality and

Study and Salvage of Stranded Manatees

and Other Marine Mammals

Development of Manatee Tagging and Tracking

Technology

Definition of Ecosystem Relationships of

Manatees and Assessment of Effects of

Habitat Alteration

Basic Sensory and Physiological Parameters

as Related to Technical Needs

Basic Reproductive and Behavioral Characteristics

of West Indian Manatees
79

Influence of Warm Water Effluents on Manatee

Distribution and Movements Around Selected

Powerplants

Distribution and Status of All Manatee Taxa

and Populations

Brownell, R. (NFWL)

Parasites and Environmental Contaminants

in Hanatees

Odell, D. (U. Maimil

Stranded Manatee Salvage and Flood-ControlDam Mortality Investigations in Southern

Florida ($15K)

Staff (NFWL)

Annual Status Reports

--Dugong-- $ 13.1K

Brownell, R. (NFWL)

Distribution, Movements and Status of All

Dugong Populations

Parasites and Environmental Contaminants

in Dugongs

Anderson, P.

Distribution, Movements and Status of

Populations in Australia ($3.5)

Auffenberg, Iv.

Survey Populations in. Philippine

Islands ($1. 6K)

Staff (NFTflL)

Annual Status Report

--Marine Mammal Tagging--

Hobbs, L. (NFWL)

Serve as Clearinghouse and Information

Center for Marine Mammal Tagging Operations

Stimulation of Research and Development

of Marine Mammal Tags and Techniques

Pinniped Tagging Workshop

(NMFS/FivS) (F,vS share $8.7K)

$ 19.4K
80

4. Geological Survey

Whitmore, F. C. (Paleontology and Stratigraphy Branch)

Mesozoic and Coastal paleontology and Stratigraphy of the Atlantic and Eastern Gulf

Coastal Plain (cetaceans) $ 30.5K

5. National Park Service

Hendrix, G. (Everglades National Park)

Logistics Support for Survey of Endangered Wildlife (manatee)

Jurasz, C. and V. Jurasz (Alike Bay, AK)

Ecology of Humpback Whales (and other

cetaceans)

Murphy, E. C. (Cooperative Park Studies Unit,

U. Alaska)

Reactions of wildlife to Boating Activities

in the Kenai Fjords National Monument,

Alaska (harbor seals)

Streveler, G. (Glacier Bay National Monument)

Harbor Seal Studies

Woodhouse, C. (Santa Barbara Natural History Museum)

Study of Natural Resources of Channel Island

National Monument (pinniped survey)

Department of State

--Bureau of Intelligence and Research and Bureau of

Ocean and International Environmental and Scientific

Affairs

Green, K. A.

The Role of Krill in the Antarctic Marine

Ecosystem

Bakus, G. J., W. Garling and J. E. Buchanan

(Tetra Tech, Inc., Pasadena)

The Antarctic Krill Resource: Prospects

for Commercial Exploitation

Marine Mammal Commission

Ainley, D. G. (Point Reyes Bird Observatory)

Studies of Marine Mammals at the Farallon

Islands, 1978

$ 0.5K

$ 31.3K

$ 25K

$ 6K

$ 2K

$ 4.3K

$ 46.7K

$ 7.1K

Ainley, D. G. and S. Allen (Point Reyes Bird Observatory)

The Possible Effects of Human Activities on ?arbor

Seals in Bolinas Lagoon, California $ 5.2K
81

Balcomb, K. (Moclips Cetological Society)

Studies of Killer Whale Pods in Puget Sound

Breiwick, J. (U. Washington)

An Analysis of Data Relating to the Western

Arctic Population of Bowhead Whales

Dayton, P. K. (U. California)

Studies Toward the Understanding of the

Health and Stability of Some Sea Otter

Dominated Marine Communities

Studies of Sea Otter-Dominated Marine

Commlli,ities: Part II

DeBeer, J.

Implementation of a Major Research Program

on the Incidental Taking of Porpoise in the

Course of Commercial Yellowfin Tuna Fishing

Operations

Fay, F. (U. Alaska)

Marine Mammal-Fishery Interactions on the

Copper River and Prince William Sound, Alaska

Report of Eskimo Whaling Conference Relating

to Taking and Use of Walrus by Alaskan

Eskimos

Foote, K. (U. Washington)

Statistical Analysis of Data on Pregnancy

Rates of Sperm and Sei Nhales

Fowler, C. W. (Utah State U.)

Comparative Population Dynamics: A Search

for M~,agement Criteria

Certain Aspects of the Data and Models Used

to Estimate the Abundance of North Pacific

Sperm Whales

Workshop on Marine Mammal Management

Policies and Practices

Green, K. A.

Computer Model of the California Current

Ecosystem

Review and Analysis of the Fishery Conservation

Management Act and Regional Fishery Management

Plans with Respect to the Conservation of Marine

Mammals and Their Habitats

$ 7.9K

$ 6.7K

$ 9.4K

$ 40.SK

$ 67.4K

$ 39.2K

$ lK

$ O.lK

$ 3.3K

$ 16K

$ 4.2K

$ 1.lK

$ 14. 9K
82

Horsmann, J. (SEACO, Inc.)

Consultation on Marine Mammal Protection

and Conservation Issues

Johnso~ B. W. and P. A. Johnson

The Hawaiian Monk Seal on Laysan Island: 1978

Johnson, M. L. (Puget Sound Museum of Natural

History)

Research Plan for Marine Mammal-Fishery

Conflicts in Washington and Oregon

Katona, S. K. (College of the Atlantic)

Identification of Humpback Whales from

Fluke Photographs

Leatherwood, J. S. (Naval Ocean Systems Center)

Aerial Survey of Tursiops Populations in

Texas Coastal Waters

Llano, G. A.

Paper on Conservation of Living Resources

of the Southern Ocean

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State U.)

Workshop on Marine Mammal Fishery-Interactions

National Technical Information Service

(Department of Commerce)

Document Registration and Distribution

of ~~C Documents

Perkins, P. L.

Finalization of National Marine Mammal

Research Plan Developed by the Marine

Mammal Commission

Perrin, W. F. (National Marine Fisheries Service)

Workshop on Determining Age of Odontocete

Cetaceans

Prescott, J. (New England AquariQ~)

The North American Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena

phocoena) in the Northwest Atlantic

Ray, G. C. (Johns Hopkins D.)

Identification and Preservation of Critical

Marine Mammal Habitats Within the Jurisdiction

of the United States

$ 16.8K

$ 25.8K

$ 2.7K

$ O.9K

$ 1.9K

$ 4K

$ 17.4K

$ 1.5K

$ 3.1K

$ 10K

$ 7.8K

$ 9.4K
83

Richardson, J. R. (Rural Alaska Co~~unity Action

Program)

Eskimo Walrus Conference

Sc~~idly, D. J. (Texas A&M V.)

The Population Biology of Tursiops truncatus,

The Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphin in the Aransas

Pass Area of Texas

Shallenberger, E. W. (Manta Corporation)

The Status of Cetaceans in Hawaiian Waters

Sherman, S. C. (Brown D.)

World Inventory of Whaling Logbooks and

Journals

Swartz, S. L. (San Diego Society of Natural History)

Evaluation of Human Activities on Gray Whales

in Laguna San Ignacio, Baja California

Winn, H. (V. Rhode Island)

Comparative Evaluation of Aerial-Shipboard

Techniques for Estimating the Abundance of

Humpback wnales

Wray, P. (Endangered Species Productions, Inc.)

Report on Workshop on the West Indian Manatee

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Michelson, R. C., B. Irvine and L. Keene (Georgia

Institute of Technology)

Manatee Tracking Project: Develop a Concept

of an Automatic Tracking System to Determine

the Location and Movement of Manatees

Ray, G. C., D. Wartzok and P. Sebesta (Johns Hopkins

V. and NASA Ames Research Center)

Bering Sea Marine Mammal Experiment

National Science Foundation

Dawson, W. W. (D. Florida)

Vision in Dolphins and Other Cetaceans

Erickson, A. W. (D. Washington)

An Assimilative Analysis of Census Data

on Antarctic Seals, 1967-1974

Herman, L. M. (U. Hawaii, Manoa)

Dolphin Information-Processing Capabilities

Behaviors and Social Organization of

Humpback Whales in Hawaiian Waters

$ 4K

$ O.5K

$ O.7K

$ 3.7K

$ 20.6K

$ 20.5K

$ O.8K

$ 15K

$ 50K

$ 39K

$ 50.3K

$ 53.8K

$ 39.7K
84

Jehl, J. R. and W. E. Evans (Hubbs-Sea World

Research Institute)

Distribution and Ecology of Orcinus and

Globicephala in the Antarctic and

Adjacent Waters

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California, San Diego)

Comparative Aquatic Biology of Antarctic

Endotherms

LeBoeuf, B. J. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Biological Studies of the Northern

Elephant Seal

Siniff, D. B. and D. P. DeMaster (U. Minnesota)

Colony Behavior of Antarctic Marine Mammals

Smithsonian Institution

Mead, J. G. (Smithsonian Institution)

Marine Mammal Program

Ray, C. E. (Smithsonian Institution)

Studies in the Evolution of the Pinnipedia

Veterans Administration

Seal, U. S. (VA Medical Center, Minneapolis)

Function, Evolution and Structure of

Hormone-Binding Proteins (pinnipedia, etc.)

Theil, G. B. (VA Medical Center, Wood, WI)

The Isolation and Characterization of Fish

Myohemoglobin (harbor seal, etc.)

$ 30.6K

$ 29.6K

$ 3l.8K

$ 59.4K

$ 56.1K

$ 45K

$ 83.2K

$ l5.7K
85

AGENCY PROGRfu~S FOR FY79

Department of Agriculture

Gelberg, H. (Plum Island Animal Disease Center)

Comparative Swine and Pinniped Pathology

of Swine Vesicular ExanL~ema and San Miguel

Sea Lion Viruses

Forrester, D. J. (U. Florida)

Epizootiology of Parasites of Wildlife

in Florida

Department of Commerce

1. National Marine Fisheries Service

a. Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center (tTIvAFC)

Braham, H. (NWAFC)

Arctic Whales--Bowhead (88C5A2)

(Old Dartmouth Soc.)

Bowhead Whale ($65K)

(OAS)

Bowhead Aerial Survey ($17K)

(U. Washington)

Bowhead Computer Svcs ($28K)

Taber (U. Washington)

Harbor Seals ($8.7K)

(Naval Arctic Research)

Billeting, Mess & Logistic Support ($131K)

(Cambell Boat Captains)

Biol. Samples--Bowhead ($6.4K)

(Evergreen State College)

Bowhead Blubber Analysis ($2.7K)

(Portland State U.)

Bowhead Stock Evaluation ($4.8K)

(Alaska Eskimo Whaling Corom.)

Collect Samples--Bowhead ($26K)

(OAS)

Aerial Survey--Bowhead ($44.3K)

(Scripps Inst.)

Eye Lens p~alysis ($2.1K)

$200K

$ 9K

$871.1K
86

Paul Macy

Bowhead Bibliography ($3K)

Rice, D. (NWAFC)

Endangered Cetaceans (88C5A3; 78C5A3)

(U. California)

Gray Whales ($8K)

(San Diego Nat. His.)

Gray IVhales ($1.5K)

(Moclips Cetalogical Society)

Killer wnales ($3K)

Mate, B. (Oregon State 0.)

Sperm Whales ($3.5K)

(0. Washington)

Gray Whales ($16.2K)

(Easy Rider)

Vessel--Humpback Whales ($15K)

(0. Texas)

Dall's Porpoise ($6.9K)

(0. Washington)

Cetacean Computer Svcs ($15K)

Fiscus, C. and R. L. DeLong (~mAFC)

Endangered Species--Seals (88C5Al)

(Bodega Bay)

Monk Seals ($1.5K)

(0. Hawaii)

Monk Seals ($1.5K)

(Naval Ocean Systems)

Northern Elephant Seals ($4.lK)

(Point Defiance)

Harbor Seals ($5.4)

Kooyman (Scripps Inst.)

Seals ($8K)

Ainley (Point Reyes)

Harbor Seals, Sea Lions,

Northern Fur Seals and

Cetaceans ($3K)

$264K

$ 51. OK
87

Fiscus, C. and R. L. DeLong (NWAFC)

Pinnipeds (88C4A4)

(U. Washington)

Pinniped Computer Svc ($lK)

(Washington State Fish and Game)

Harbor Seals ($6.lK)

$138.2K

Harold A. Rice

Sea Lion Survey ($82.5K)

Gentry, R. L. (NWAFC)

Fur Seal Studies--St. George Island (88C4Al) $269.3K

(Utah State U.)

Northern Fur Seal ($14.6K)

(Marine Animal Resource Center)

Northern Fur Seal ($17.5K)

(U. Washington)

Northern Fur Seal Computer Svc. ($lK)

Gallucci (U. Washington)

Northern Fur Seal ($9.3K)

Keyes, M. C. (NWAFC)

Veterinary Medical Services and Research

(88C6A2)

McAlister, W. B. (NWAFC)

Marine Mammal Ecosystem Studies (88C4A5;

88C6A3)

(U. Washington)

Northern Fur Seal Computer Svc. (30K;

$22K; $9K)

Roppel, A. Y. (NWAFC)

Northern Fur Seal Population and

Monitoring (88C6Al)

b. SouL~east Fisheries Center (SEFC)

Berrv, F. (SEFC)

Marine Mammals--Tursiops (88C4Ll)

Leatherwood, S. (Hubbs Sea World)

Tursiops Population Analysis ($105.3K)

$ 58.9K

$204.3K

$225.9K

$180.8K
88

Odell-Asper (Hubbs Sea World)

Tursiops Local Herd Biodynamics ($71.SK)

c. Southwest Fisheries Center (SWFC)

Coe, J. and W. Shuntz (SWFC)

Marine Mammal Technology, Behavior and

Physiology (88C4H2)

Oliver, G. (SWFC)

Porpoise: Quantitative Analysis and

Data Mangement (88C4HS)

Smith, T. (Sw7C)

Porpoise Stock Assessment (88C4Hl)

Perrin, W., A. Myrick and J. Jennings (SWFC)

Porpoise Biological Studies (88C4H3)

Perrin, W. (SW7C)

Assessment of Coastal Marine Mammals for

Management (88C4H6)

$512.9K

$329.5K

$462.7K

$705.3K

$lS2.0K

(California Fish and Game)

Assessment of Conflicts Between Marine

Mammals and Fisheries in California

Waters ($70K) [additional $68K funded by Southwest

Region of NMFSJ

(LA Co. ~~s.)

Baseline Life History, Tursiops ($9K)

(Hubbs!Sea World)

Baseline Life History, Lagenorhynchus ($14K)

2. National Sea Grant College Program

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State U.)

~~ Assessment of Sea Lions in the

Rogue River Area

Population Growth and Feeding Habits of

Harbor Seals in an Aquacultural-Enhanced

Environment

3. OCSEAP

(See Department of the Interior, BLM!NOAA!OCSEAP)

Depar~~ent of Defense

1. Department of the Air Force

Jehl, J. R. and C. Cooper (San Diego State U.!

Hubbs Sea World Research Inst.)

Baseline Study of Current Sources of

Behavioral Peturbation

$ lS.5K

$ 52.5K

$ 40K
89

2. Department of the Army

Bengston, J.L. (U. Minnesota)

St. Johns River Manatee Study

3. Department of the Navy

a. Naval Ocean Systems Center

Flanigan, W. F. (NOSC)

Chemoreception in the Bottlenose Dolphin,

A First Look

Gilmartin, W. G. (NOSC)

Captive Dolphin Breeding

Marine Mammal Preventive Medicine

and Therapy

Hui, C. A. (NOSC)

Dolphin Bioenergetics

Nachtigall, P. E. and A. E. Murchison (NOSC)

Dolphin Behavioral Studies

Ridgway, S. H. (NOSC)

Signal Processing in Dolphins: waveform

and Time Separation Features

Obtaining Healthy Marine Mammals

(Medical Screening)

Stress Reduction in Marine Mammals

Scronce, B. L. (NOSC)

Fur Seal Capabilities

b. Naval Research Laboratory, Underwater

Sound Reference Detachment

Poch~, L. B. (NRL)

Measurement of Echolocation Clicks of

Free-Swimming Dolphins

c. Office of Naval Research

Albert, T. A. and P. L. Edds (U. Maryland)

Vocalization Study of Balaenoptera

$ 44K

$ 85K

$ 89K

$ 63K

$234K

$ 65K

$ 58K

$ 35K

$ 88K

$ 20K

$ l2.4K

Altes, R. (Orincon Corp., LaJolla)

Computer and Mathematical Analysis

of Dolphin Whistles $ 6K

Cummings, w. C. (U. California, Scripps

Inst. of Oceanography)

Analysis of Low Frequency Cetacean Sounds $ 35K
90

Evans, W. (Hubbs Sea World Research Inst.)

Radio Tracking of Cetaceans Using

Telemetric Techniques

Gilmartin, W. G. and S. H. Ridgway (NOSC)

Marine Mammal Bionosis

Hodgson, E. S. and R. Mathewson (Tufts U.)

Facilities Evaluation for Research on

Chemical Senses of Marine Mammals

$ 13K

$ 30K

-0-

Ray, G. C. and D. Wartzok (Johns Hopkins U.)

Telemetry and Acoustics of Pinnipeds $ 54K

Schusterman, R. J. (California State D., Hayward)

Mammal UnderNater Acoustics $ 64K

Vedros, N. A. (Naval Biosciences Lab.)

Marine Mammal Diseases and Immunity $IIIK

Watkins, W. A. and W. E. Schevill (Woods Hole

Oceanographic Inst.)

Marine Biological Sounds

Winn, H. E. (U. Rhode Island)

Bioacoustic and Behavior of Marine Mammals

Department of Health, Education and Welfare; NIH

Atassi, M. Z. (Mayo Medical School)

Immunochemical Studies on Hemoglobin and

Myoglobin (whales)

Benirschke, K. (Zoological Soc. San Diego)

Biomedical Research Development Grant

(Viral Diseases and breeding in marine mammals)

$165K

$ 48K

-0-

$lOOK

Berzofsky, J. A. (NCI, NIH)

Genetic Control of the Immune Response

to Natural &~tigens (sperm whale myoglobin) $ ?

Elsner, R. W. (U. Alaska)

Comparative Pathophysiology of Myocardial

Ischemia (dog, seal)

Gurd, F. R. (Indiana u.)

Proteins, Lipoproteins--Structure and

Reactivity (chicken, human, diving mammal)

Specific Enrichment of Myoglobins for

Carbon 13 NMR (Cetacea)

$ 76.6K

$128.6K

$ 74.IK
91

Howard, E. B. (U. Southern California)

Marine Mammal Disease Surveillance Program $ 13.5K

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California, San Diego)

Physiological Basis of Pulmonary Disease:

Comparative Physiology (seal)

Department of the Interior

1. Bureau of Land Management

a. Alaska OCS Office

$ ?

Kelley, J. (Naval Arctic Research Lab.)

Investigation of the Occurrence and

Behavior Patterns of Whales in the

Vicinity of the Beaufort Sea Lease Area

Mate, B. (Oregon State U.)

Monitoring the Movements of Whales in and

Adjacent to OCS Lease Areas

b. New Orleans OCS Office

$1,152.8K

$174.1K

Pritts, T. H. (USFWS, Natl. Fish and wildlife Lab.)

South Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico Endangered

Species Pilot Study $144.3K

c. New York OCS Office

Geraci, J. and D. St. Aubin (U. Guelph)

Study of the Effects of Oil on Marine

Mammals

Lindner, E., S. Johnson, B. Gayles, and P.

Thompson (USN, NOSC)

Study of the Effects of Sound on Marine

Mammals

$1,038.1K

$512.7K

Winn, H., R. Edel and M. Hyman (U. Rhode Island)

Characterization of Marine Mammals and

Marine Turtles in the Mid and Nor~~

Atlantic Areas of the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf (FY79, 80, 81) 2,762.9K

d. Pacific OCS Office

Guess, R. (Cetaceans), K. T. Briggs (Birds) and

11. L. Bonnell (Pinnipeds)--(u. California, Santa

Cruz)

Marine Mammal and Sea Bird Study of Central

and Northern California $1,150K
92

2. BLM/NOAA/OCSEAP

Burns, J., T. Eley, and K. Frost (Alaska Dept.

Fish and Game)

The Natural History and Ecology of the

Bearded Seal and Ringed Seal

Calkins, D. and K. Pitcher (Alaska Dept. Fish

and Game)

Population Assessment, Ecology and Trophic

Relationships of Steller Sea Lion in the

Gulf of Alaska

Fay, F. (U. Alaska)

Morbidity and Mortality of Marine Mammals

Kooyman, G. (U. California, Scripps Inst.

Oceanography)

Effects of Oiling on Temperature Regulation

in Sea Otters

Lowry, L., K. Frost and J. Burns (Alaska Dept.

Fish and Game)

Trophic Relationships Among Ice

Inhibiting Phocid Seals

Pitcher, K. and D. Calkins (Alaska Dept. Fish

and Game)

Biology of the Harbor Seal, Phoca vitulina

richardii, in the Gulf of Alaska

3. Fish and Wildlife Service

$ 90K

$148K

$ 52.7K

$ 59.7K

$122K

$ 50K

--Sea Otter (and Marine Otter): $558.4K

Johnson, A. (FWS/NFwL)

Annual and Seasonal Distribution, Abundance,

and Composition of Populations of Sea Otters

and Other Marine Mammals in Prince William

Sound, Alaska

Jameson, R. (FWS/NFwL)

Biology and Management Needs for

California Sea Otters

Estes, J. and G. Van Blaricom (FWS/NFWL)

Interaction Between Sea Otters and the

Nearshore Commul"lity

Brownell, R. (FWS/NFwL)

Parasites and Environmental Contaminants

in Sea Otters

Determination of Status of Marine Otters
93

Staff (FWSjNFWL)

Annual Status Reports on Sea and Marine Otters

Doyle, W. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Marine and Terrestrial Ecosystems and Habitats,

With Emphasis on Marine Mammals and Land Use

Problems ($18K)

San Nicolas Island Survey for Baseline Data

and as Potential Sea Otter Translocation

Site ($109.9K)

Simenstad, C. A. (U. Washington Fisheries Research

Inst. )

Aleutian Nearshore Community Ecology--Sea

Urchin Growth and Fecundity ($13K)

Siniff, D. B. (U. Minnesota)

Development and Field and Lab. Testing of

Radio Telemetry Packages and Systems for

Sea Otters, Walruses, Polar Bears, and

Manatees ($62.6K)

Farley, T. (California Dept. Fish and G&ue)

Sea Otter Mortality Rates and Causes ($28K)

Interrelationship Between Sea Otters and

Their Habitat ($28K)

Size, Distribution, and Movements of

California's Sea Otter Population ($58.4K)

Feasibility of Translocating Sea Otters ($39.7K)

--Walrus: $14l.8K

DeMaster, D. (FWSjNF'rL)

Biological Activities of Pacific and

Atlantic Walruses

Brownell, R. (FWSjNFwL)

Parasites and Environmental Contaminants

in Walruses

Staff (F'i'iSjNFWL)

Annual Status Reports on Pacific and Atlantic

.valruses

Doyle, W. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

ROlli,d Islfu,d Walrus Survey ($17K)

Skoog, R. O. (Alaska Dept. Fish and Game)

Walrus Management Program ($53.7K)
94

--Polar Bear: $25lK

DeMaster, D. (FWS!NPWL)

Biology and Ecology of Alaska Coastal

Populations

Den Ecology and Distribution

Biological Parameters of Bears of

Chukchi Sea

Biology and Ecology of Bears of Arctic Ocean

Summer Distribution and Ecology of Bears

Estimation of Alaska Population Size and

Productivity

Reproductive Biology of Populations

Staff (FWS!NFWL)

Annual Status Report

--Hawaiian Monk Seal: $ 3l.2K

Johnson, A. (FWS!Npr"i"L)

Biological Studies to Determine Status

of Population

--Manatee: $422.5K

Rathbun, G. (FWS!NF,iL)

Determination of Causes of Manatee Mortality

and Study and Salvage of Stranded Manatees

and Other Marine Mammals

Development of Manatee Tagging and Tracking

Technology

Definition of Ecosystem Relationships of

Manatees and Assessment of Effects of Habitat

Alterations

Basic Sensory and Physiological Parameters

of West Indian Manatees as Related to

Technical Needs

Basic Reproductive and Behavioral Characteristics of West Indian Manatees
95

Influence of Warm Water Effluents on Manatee

Distribution and Movements Around Selected

Powerplants

Distribution and Status of All Manatee Taxa

and Populations

Brownell, R. (FWS/NFWL)

Parasites and Environmental Contaminants

in Manatees

Staff (FWS/NnvL)

Annual Status Report

Odell, D. K. (U. Miami)

Visual or Sound Stimuli (Scare Devices) to

Keep Manatees Away From Dangerous Man-Made

Structures (Floodgates and Navigation Locks)

($5.5K)

Forrester, D. (U. Florida)

Study of Parasites and Diseases of the West

Indian Manatee ($8K)

Odell, D. K. (U. Miami)

Study of Marine Ecosystems and Habitats,

With Special Reference to Manatees ($8K)

Siniff, D. B. (U. Minnesota)

Ecology and Behavior of the West Indian

Manatee in the St. Johns River, Fla. ($40K)

Magor, D. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Evaluation of Existing Manatee-Propeller

Guard Technology ($6.6K)

Odell, D. K. (U. Miami)

Upgrade Manatee Salvage in Florida ($18.7K)

Oberheau, J. (FWS, Jacksonville/U. Miami)

Evaluation of Physiological Responses of

Captive Manatees to Boat Noises ($17.6K)

Siniff, D. B. (U. Minnesota)

Radio-Tracking Studies of West Indian

Manatees ($42.5K)

Odell, D. K. (U. Miami)

Effects of Dade County Automatic Flood Control

Gates on Manatees ($28.8K)
96

Rathburn, G. (FWS/NF.VL)

Distribution and Movements of Manatees

Around Florida Power and Light Plant in

Merritt Island/Titusville Area, Fla. ($15K)

--Dugong: $ 13.7K

Brownell, R. (FWS/NFWL)

Distribution and Status of All Dugong

Populations

Parasites and Environmental Contaminants

in Dugongs

Staff (nvS/NFw~)

Annual Status Report

--Marine" Mammal Tagging:

Hobbs, L. (FWS/NF.VL)

Serve as Clearinghouse and Information

Center for Marine Mammal Tagging Operations

Stimulation of Research and Development of

Marine Mammal Tags and Techniques

4. Geological Survey

Whitmore, F. C., Jr. (USGS/Paleontology and

Stratigraphy Branch)

Vertebrate Biostratigraphy and Paleogeography, Atlantic and Gulf Coastal

Plain (fossil cetaceans)

5. National Park Service

Jurasz, C. and V. Jurasz (Cooperative Park

Studies Unit, U. Alaska)

Humpback Whale Studies, Glacier Bay

Streveler, G. P. (Glacier Bay National Monument)

Distribution, Population Ecology and Impact

Susceptability of the Harbor Seal in

Glacier Bay, Alaska

Department . of State

Joseph, J. (Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission)

Porpoise-Tuna Investigations

$ 33.9K

$ 20K

$ 39.8K

$ 6K

$500K
97

Marine Mammal Commission

Ainley, D. G. (Pt. Reyes Bird Observatory)

Study of Northern Elephant Seals of

Farallon Islands

Beddington, J. CU. York)

Report on the Status of the North

Atlantic Harp Seal

Branson, J. H. (North Pacific Fishery Mgmt. Council)

The Collection and Analysis of Data and the

Development of Methods to Most Effectively

Conserve Fishery and Marine Mammal Resources

Clark, W. (U. Washington)

Population Analysis of the Great Whales

Fay, F. H. (U. Alaska)

Monographic Manuscript on the Pacific

Walrus

Johnson, B. and P. Johnson (National Marine

Fisheries Service)

Endangered Seal Studies (transfer of

funds to Nl1FS)

Norris, K. S. and B. Ramirez-Villa (U. California,

Santa Cruz)

Status of Phocena sinus, the Gulf of

California Harbor Porpoise

National Science Foundation

Evans, W. E. and J. R. Jehl (Hubbs-Sea World

Research Inst.)

Distribution and Ecology of Orcinus and

Globicephala in the Antarctic and Adjacent

Waters

Herman, L. M. (D. Hawaii, Manoa)

Dolphin Information-Processing Capabilities

Behaviors and Social Organization of Humpback

Whales in Hawaiian Waters

Jonkel, C. J. (U. Montana)

Environmental and Ecological Studies of High

Arctic Mammalian Habitat and Food Chains

Affected by Development

$ 10K

$ 19.1K

$ 12.5K

$ 70.9K

$ 20K

$ 10K

$ lO.lK

$ 38.4K

$ 42.9K

$ 40.2K

$ 22.6K
98

Kooyman, G. L. (D. California, Scripps Inst. of

Oceanography)

Aquatic Biology of South Georgia

Endotherms

LeBoeuf, B. J. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Biological Studies of the Northern

Elephant Seal

Hc\'lhinnie, M. A. (DePaul D.)

Biological Investigations of Antarctic Krill

Morgane, P. J. (\'lorcester Foundation for

Experimental Biology)

Archicortical-Limbic Formations of

Dolphin Brain

Norris, K. S. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Behavior of the Hawaiian Spinner Dolphin

Siniff, D. B. (D. Minnesota)

The Role of the Leopard Seal in the F~tarctic

Marine Ecosystem

The Development of Satellite Tracking and

Automatic Position/Activity Monitoring for

Selected k~tarctic Vertebrates

Smithsonian Institution

Mead, J. (National Museum of Natural History)

Marine Mammal Program

Ray, C. (National Museum of Natural History)

Studies on the Evolution of Pinnipedia

$ 34.6K

$ 41. 2K

$ 25.6K

$ 42.4K

$ 24K

$ 70.4K

$ 97K

$ 86K

$ 47.4K
99

V. APPENDIX C

LISTING OF FEDERALLY-FUNDED

~-ARINE Mk~~ RESEARCH

FY 70 - FY 79

COMPILED FROM INFOill1ATION

PROVIDED BY THE

SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFOill1ATION EXCHANGE
100

AGENCY PROGP_~~S FOR FY70

Atomic Energy Commission

Baker, B. E. (McGill U.)

Radioactivity, Presticide Residues, Contents, and

Constitution of Milk of Arctic and Sub-Arctic Species

Department of Defense

1. Naval Undersea Center and other Units

Dierks, K. J. (Texas U.)

Porpoise Sonar Simulation Data Analysis

Evans, IV. E. (NUC)

Open Ocean Cetacean'Ecology

Johnson, C. S. (NUC)

Electronic Models of the Porpoise Sonar System

Rid~Nay, S. H. (NUC)

Neural Control Mechanisms

Schefer, M. H. (Naval Missile Center)

Marine Biology Facility for Naval Applications

2. Office of Naval Research

Hays, E. E. & IV. E. Schevill (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute)

1'>Jnbient Noise

Oliver, J. A. (American Museum of Natural History)

Field Studies of the Tropical Ecology of

the Bahamas

Papermaster, B. IV. (U. CaliEornia, Berkeley)

- Marine Immunochemistry

Department of Health, Education, and Welfare

Atassi, M. Z. (Wayne State U.)

Immunochemical Studies on Human Hemoglobins

Freedman, D. X. et al. (U. Chicago)

LSD, Psychotogenic Procedures and Brain Neurohumors

Jacobs, M. S. (New York Zoological Society)

Neuromorphology of Brain--A Comparative Study
101

Ludowieg, J. J. (U. California, San Francisco)

Intervertebral Connective Tissue: Composition,

Structure

Norris, K. S. & G. W. Harvey (UCLA)

Studies of Echolocation Systems

Robin, E. D. et al. (U. Pittsburgh)

Adaptation to Oxygen Depletion

Department of Interior

Burns, J. J. (Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

Marine Environment Study

Repenning, C. A. (Geological Survey)

Cenozoic Vertebrates, Pacific Coast

National Science Foundation

Cummings, W. C. (NUC)

Bioacoustics and Related Behavior of Subantarctic Cetaceans

Elsner, R. W. (U. California, San Diego)

Temperature Regulation in the newborn

Weddell Seal

Erickson, A. W. & D. B. Siniff (U. Minnesota)

Status and Population Dynamics of Antarctic Seals

Gilmore, R. M. (San Diego Society of Natural History)

Population, Distribution, and Behavior of Whales in

Antarctic Waters

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California, San Diego)

Biology of Deep Diving in Antarctic Birds and Mammals

LeBoeuf, B. J. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Ethological Studies of the Northern Elephant Seal

Muller-Schwarze, D. (Utah State u.)

Anti-Predator and Social Behavior of Adelie Penguins

Paine, R. T. (U. Washington)

Effects of Seal and Fish Predation on ~~tarctic

Benthic Communities

Whittow, G. C. (U. Hawaii)

Physiology of Thermoregulation
102

Veterans Administration

Olsen, C. R. & F. C. Hale (UCLA School of Medicine)

In Vitro Study of biseased Human Airways

Shurley, J. T. & R. Elsner (Oklahoma U. & Scripps

Institute)

Sleep in Cetaceans, EEG Study: The Pilot

Whale, Globicepha1a scammoni
103

AGENCY PROG~21S FOR FY 71

Department of Agriculture

Cheville, N. F. (National Animal Disease Lab.)

Cellular Reaction to Intracellular ~1icrobial Agents

Windus, W. (Eastern Utilization Research Lab)

Development of Improved Beaming and Tanning Processes

Department of Commerce

--Office of Sea Grant

Hassler, W. W. (North Carolina State D.)

Abundance, Exploitation, Migration and Propogation

of the Dolphin

Hughes, D. A. & J. D. Richard (D. Miami)

Acoustic Studies in Marine Animals

Department of Defense

1. Air Force

Bullock T. H. (U. California, LaJolla)

Biological Sensors of Electricity and Sound:

Neural Processing of Sensory Input

2. Naval Undersea Center and other units

Evans, W. E. (NDC)

Study of Marine Mammal Populations to Assist

in Discrimination of false Sonar Targets

Johnson, C. S. (NUC)

Porpoise Sonar Simulation: An Approach to

Improved Small Object Detection Sonar

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Neural Control Mechanisms

3. Office of Naval Research

Baldwin, H. A. (Sensory Systems Lab)

Navy Environment--Factors in Prediction of Naval

ASW Operating Conditions--Telemetry Investigations

of Low Frequency Acoustic Sensitivity
1:04

Caldwell, D. K. (Marineland Research Lab)

Navy Environment--Biological Sources of Ambient

Sea Noise--~~alysis of Sonic Emmission of

Cetaceans (Porpoises).

Gilbert, P. W. (Mote Marine Laboratory)

Navy Environment--Naval Swimmer/Diver Protection--

Shark Behavioral Studies

Johnston, D. G. & S. H. Ridgway (St. Johns Hospital)

Navy Environment--Response of Marine Mammals to

Human Pathogens

Norris, K. S. & D. Malins (Oceanic Institute)

Navy Environment--Field Studies of Marine Mammals

Ridgway, S. H. & J. G. Simpson (NDC)

Navy Environment--Diseases of Marine Mammals of

Interest to the Navy

Schevill, W. E. (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute)

Navy Environment--Biological of Ambient Sea Noise--

Bioacoustic Behavior and Distribution of Cetaceans

(Whales)

Sigel, M. M. (Variety Childrens' Research Foundation)

Navy Environment--Diseases of Experimental Marine

Mammals

Winn, H. E. (Rhode Island D.)

Navy Environment--Biological Sources of Ambient Sea

Noise--Bioacoustics, Behavior and Sensory Capabilities

of Fishes and Cetaceans

Department of Health, Education and Welfare =

Atassi, M. Z. (Wayne State D.)

Immunochemical Studies on Human Hemoglobins

Elsner, R. W. (D. California, San Diego)

Circulatory Reactions to Asphyxia

Hanania, G. I. H. (A~erican D., Beirut)

Heme-Linked Effect of Hemoglobin Reactions

Jacobs, M. S. (New York Zoological Society)

Neuromorphology of Brain: A Comparative Study

Kretsinger, R. E.

Comparison of

(D. Virginia)

Protein Tertiary Structure
105

Ludowieg, J. J. (U. California, San Francisco)

Intervertebral Connective Tissue Composition

Norris, K. S. (U. california, Los Angeles)

Studies of Echolocation Systems

Robin, E. D. (Stanford U.)

Adaptations to Oxygen Depletion

Wurtman, R. J. (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

Sympathetic Nervous and Neuroendocrine RhytQ~

Deoartment . of Interior

Repenning, C. A. (Geological Survey)

Cenozoic Vertebrates, Pacific Coast

National Science Foundation

Bartholomew, G. A. (U. California, Los Angeles)

Ecological Physiology and Behavior

Cummings, ;q. C. (Naval Undersea Center)

Bioacoustics and Related Behavior of Subantarctic

Cetaceans

Felts, W. J. L. (U. Oklahoma)

Anatomonical, Histological and Neuroanatomical

Study of Antarctic Seals

Howe, S. (Conservation Foundation)

International Conference on the Biology of Whales

LeBoeuf, B. J. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Ethological Studies of the Northern Elephant Seal

Muller-Schwarze, D. (Utah State U.)

a~ti-Predator and Social Behavior in Adelie Penguins

Murbaugh, H. B. Jr. (Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory)

Comparative Studies of Renal and Cardiovascular Function

Whittow, G. C. (U. Hawaii)

Behavioral Thermoregulation in Marine Mammals

Veterans Administration

Shurley, J. T. & R. Elsner (U. Oklahoma

Sleep in Cetaceans, EEG Study: I.

Globicephala scammoni

& Scripps Institute)

The Pilot Whale
196

AGENCY PROGRM1S FOR FY 72

Department of Agriculture

Cheville, N. F. (National Animal Disease Center)

Cellular Reaction to Intercellular Microbial Agents

Department of Commerce

1. National Marine Fisheries Service

Fiscus, C. H., H. Kajimura & A. A. Wolman (N~ES!NWFC)

Pelagic Investigations, Fur Seals

Malins, D. C. & U. Varanasi (Pioneer Research Labs)

Chemistry of Porpoise Biosonar

Perrin, W. F. (N~ES!SWFC)

Alleviation of Porpoise Mortality

Rice, D. & W. F. Perrin (NMFS!SWFC)

Marine Mammal Research

Roppel, A. Y., et al (NMFS/NWFC)

Population Dynamics--Fur Seals

2. Office of Sea Grant

Hickok, D. M. (U. Alaska)

Environmental Assessment--Marine Mammals,

Shell Fisheries, Sea Ice Engineering

DeparD~ent of DeFense

1. Naval Undersea Center and other units

Evans, W. E. (NUC)

Study of Marine Mammal Population to Assist

in Discrimination of False Sonar Targets

Johnson, C. S. (NUC)

Porpoise Sonar Capabilities: An Approach to

Improved Small Object Detection Sonar

Ridgway, S. H. & J. L. Mattsson (NUC)

Sound Processing Mechanism of Marine Mammals

for Sonar and ASW Studies
107

2. Office of Naval Research

Aron, W. I. & R. Brownell (Smithsonian Institution)

Navy Environment--Underwater Sources of Ambient

Sea Noise--Behavioral and Acoustic Studies of

Cetaceans (Porpoises)

Bullock, T. H. (U. California, San Diego)

Navy Environment--Swimmer/Diver Support--

Marine Mammal Capabilities

Caldwell, D. K. (Marine land Research Laboratory)

Navy Environment--Biological Sources of Ambient

Sea Noise--F~alysis of Sonic Emission of

Cetaceans (Porpoises)

Gilbert, P. W. (Mote Marine Laboratory)

Navy Environment--Naval Swimmer/Diver Protection--

Shark Behavioral Studies

Johnston, D. G. (St. Johns Hospital)

Navy Environment--Response of Marine Mammals

to Human Pathogens

Norris, K. S. & D. Malins (Oceanic Institute)

Na~J Environment--pield Studies of Marine Mammals

Ray, C. (Johns Hopkins U.)

Navy Environment--Swimmer/Diver Support--Marine

Mammal Acoustic Orientation Capabilities

Ridgway, S. H. & W. G. Gilmartin (NUC)

Marine Animal Diseases

Schevill, W. E. (Wood Hole Oceanic Institute)

Navy Environment--Biological Sources of Ambient

Sea Noise--Bioacoustic Behavior and Distribution

of Cetaceans (Whales)

Schusterman, R. J. (Stanford Research Institute)

Navy Environment--Swimmer/Diver Support--Marine

Mammal Visual/Acoustic Capabilities

Sigel, M. M. (U. Miami)

Navy Environment--Diseases of Experimental Marine

Mammals

Weaver, E. G. (Princton U.)

communications--Sound Conduction in the Ear

Affecting Military Communications
108

Winn, H. E. (U. Rhode Island)

Navy Environment--Biological Sources of F~ient

Sea Noise--Bioacoustic Behavior and Sensory

Capabilities of Fishes and Cetaceans

Department of Health, Education and Welfare

Attassi, N. Z. et al. (>vayne State U.)

Immunochemical Studies Hemoglobins

Caldwell, D. K., H. Hollien & M. C. Caldwell (U. Florida)

Studies of Communication

Elsner, R. W., D. D. Hammond & B. A. Gooden (U. California,

San Diego)

Circulatory Reactions to Asphyxia

Gurd, F. R., P. Kein & R. C. Marshall (Indiana U.)

Structure and Reactivity of Proteins and Lipoproteins

Norris, K. S., G. W. Harvey & T. P. Dohl (U. California,

Los F.ngeles)

Studies of Echolocation Systems

Robin, E. D. et al. (Stanford U.)

Adaptations to Oxygen Depletion

Schwartz, H. C., T. J. Gribble & D. Edmunds (Stanford U.)

Formation of Hemoglobin and other Hemeproteins

Department , of Interior

Repenning, C. A. (Geological Survey)

Cenozoic Vertebrates, Pacific Coast

National Science Foundation

Benson, A. A. (U. California, San Diego)

Support for Research Vessel, Alpha Helix

Cummings, W. C. (NDC)

Bioacoustics and Related Behavior of Subantarctic

Cetaceans

Elsner, R. W. (U. California, San Diego)

Temperature Regulation in the Newborn Weddell Seal

Erickson, A. W. et al. (D. Idaho)

Population Studies of Antarctic Seals--Census

and Reproductive Biology
109

Felts, W. J. (D. Oklahoma)

k~ Anatomical, Histological, and Neuroanatomical

Study of Antarctic Seals

Herman, L. M. (D. Hawaii)

Sensory and Learning-Memory Processes in the Dolphin

Howe, S. (Conservation Foundation)

International Conference on the Biology of lvhales

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California, San Diego)

Biology of Deep Diving in Antarctic Birds and Mammals

LeBoeuf, B. J. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Ethological Studies of the Northern Elephant Seal

Litchfield, C. (Rutgers)

The acoustical Function of Lipids in Odontocete

Echolocation

Murdaugh, H. V. (Mount Desert Island Biological Lab)

Comparative Studies of Renal and Cardiovascular Function

Norris, K. S. (U. California, Los Angeles)

Marine Mammalogy--Doctoral Dissertation Research

Pierce, R. W. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Comparative Study of Physiological Adaptations of

Marine Mammals

Siniff, D. B. (D. Minnesota)

Population Studies of Antarctic Seals--Modeling and

Regulatory Biology

Vangelder, R. G. (F~erican Museum of Natural History)

Operational Support for the Mammalogy Collection

Whittow, G. C. (U. Hawaii)

Behavioral Thermoregulation in Marine Mammals

White, F. N. (U. California, Los Angeles)

Circulatory RegUlation in Vertebrates

Smithsonian Institution

Handley, C. O. (Smithsonian Institution)

Marine Mammal Program

Veterans Administration

Shurley, J. T. et al. (D. Oklahoma)

Sleep in Cetaceans, and EEG Study--I. The Pilot Whale,

Globicephala scammoni
Sinha, A. A. et al.

Ultrastructural

of Placenta

llO

(U. Minnesota)

Study of Estrogen Effects and
111

AGENCY PROGRAMS FOR FY 73

Atomic Energy Commission

Seymour, A. H. et al. (U. Washington)

Distribution and Effects of Radionuclides in the

Marine Environment and Biota of Amchitka Island

and the Central Pacific Ocean

Department of Commerce

--Office of Sea Grant

Burns, J. J. & F. H. Fay (U. Alaska)

The Biology of Bering Sea Harbor Seals and Relationships with other Ice Inhabiting Pinnipeds

Galster, W. & J. J. Burns (U. Alaska)

Survey of Important Marine Organisms for the

Presence of Pesticides and Heavy Metals

Miller, K. & L. Irving (U. Alaska)

Adaptation of Marine Mammals to their Environment

Morrison, P. R., R. P. Lyons & P. D. Shaughnessy (U. Alaska)

Biochemical Analysis of Marine Mammal Species and

Population

Department of Defense

-~Naval Undersea Center and Other Units

Evans, \1. E. (NUC)

Study of Marine Mammal Populations to Assist in

Evaluation of Effect on ASW and Assessment of

Supply and .~imals for Systems Concepts

Mattsson, J. L. & R. L. Seeley (NUC)

Radiotelemetry of Clinical Data from Marine Mammals

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Electrophysiology of Dolphin Cortex

White, C. T. & C. S. Johnson (Electronics Laboratory Center)

Bioelectronic Study of Marine Mammals

--Office of Naval Research

Bullock, T. H. (U. California, San Diego)

Na~J Environment--Swimmer/Diver Support--Sensory

Capabilities of Marine Vertebrates
112

Caldwell, D. K. (Marine land Research Laboratory)

Navy Environment--Biological Sources of Ambient Sea

Noise--Analysis of Sonic Emissions of Cetaceans

(Porpoises)

Evans, C. (NUC)

Navy Environment--Biological Sources of Sea Noise--

Studies of Cetacean Bioacoustics System

Malins, D. C. (Seattle U.)

Navy Environment--The Biochemistry of Lipids Peculiar

to the Organs and Tissues of Cetaceans Involved in

Sound Transmission as in Echolocation

Marx, W. (U. Southern California)

Navy Environment--Metabolic Aspects of Food and Oxygen

Utilization in Diving as Performed by Aquatic Mammals

Niskin, S. J. & H. Frohlich (U. Miami)

Navy Environment--Design and Development of Oceanographic Instrw~entation

Norris, K. S. & D. Malins (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Navy Environment--Biological Sources of ~r.iliient Sea

Noise--Studies of Cetacean Behavior and Bioacoustic

System (Porpoises)

Ray, C. (Johns Hopkins U.)

Navy Environment--Swimmer/Diver Support--Marine

Mammal Acoustic Orientation Capabilities

Ridgway, S. H. & W. G. Gilmartin (NUC)

Marine Mammal Bionosis

Schevill, W. E. (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute)

Na~J Environment--Biological Sources of Ambient Sea

Noise--Bioacoustic Behavior and Distribution of

Cetaceans (Hhales)

Schusterman, R. J. (California State U., Hayward)

Navy Environment--Swimmer/Diver Support--Harine

Mammal Visual/Acoustic Capabilities

Sigel, M. M. (U. Miami)

Navy Environment--Diseases of Experimental Marine

Mammals

Winn, H. E. (U. Rhode Island)

Navy Environment--Biological Sources of &~ient Sea

Noise--Bioacoustic Behavior and Sensory Capabilities

of Fishes and Cetaceans (Whales)
113

Department of Interior

Burns, J. J. (Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

The Biology and Ecology of Ice Inhabiting Spotted Seals

Hartman, D. S. (Manatee Research Project)

A Study of the Current Status of the Manatee in Florida

with Recommendations for its Conservation

Lentfer, J. W. (Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

Polar Bear Distribution and Movements

Lentfer, J. W. (Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

Polar Bear Age Determination Technique

Lentfer, J. W. (Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

Polar Bear Reproduction and Denning

Lentfer, J. W. (Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

Environmental Contaminants and Parasites in Polar

Bears of the Western Arctic

Schneider, K. (Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

Reproduction in the Female Sea Otter

Schneider, K. (Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

Age Determination of Sea Otters

Schneider, K. (Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

Sex and Age Segregation of Sea Otters

Department o~ Health, Education, and Welfare

Buhler, D. R. & B. R. Mate (Oregon State D.)

Methylmercury Detoxification in Marine Mammals

Bullock, T. H. (U. California, San Diego)

Studies in Comparative Neurophysiology

Chen, R. F. (NIH Lab of Technical Development)

Fluorescent Complexes of Proteins

Gurd, F. R. & R. C. Marshall (Indiana D.)

Structure and Reactivity of Proteins and Lipoproteins

Lewis, U. J. et al. (Scripps Clinic Research Foundation)

Conversion Products of Growth Hormone and Prolactin

Robin, E. D. (Stanford D.)

Adaptations to Oxygen Depletion
114

Wick, A. N., R. P. Metzger & J. Guilmette (California

State U., San Diego)

Glucose Metabolism and the Reaction of Insulin

Wurtrnan, R. J., H. J. Linch & F. Larin (Massachusetts

Institute of Technology)

Sympathetic·Nervous System and Neuroendocrine

Rhythm

Environmental Protection Agency

Martin, J. H. & D. K. Phelps (Moss Landing Marine Labs)

Bioaccurnulation of Heavy Metals by Littoral and

Pelagic Marine Organisms

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Klein, H. P. (Ames Research Center)

Biologic and Behaviroal Mechanisms in Animal

Navigation and Orientation

National Science Foundation

Erickson, A. W. et al. (U. Idaho)

Population Studies of Antarctic Seals--Census and

Reproductive Biology

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California, San Diego)

Biology of Deep Diving in Antarctic Birds and Mammals

Muller-Schwarze, D. (Utah State U.)

p~ti-Predator and Social Behavior in Adelie Penguins

Pierce, R. W. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Comparative Study of Physiological Adaptations of

Marine Mammals

Siniff, D. B. (U. Minnesota)

Population Studies of Antarctic Seals--Modeling

and Regulatory Biology

Smithsonian Institution

Mead, J. G. (Smithsonian Institution)

Marine Mammal Program

Ray, C. E. (Smithsonian Institution)

Studies in the Evolution of the Pinnipedia
115

Veterans Administration

Shurley, J. T. et al. (U. Oklahoma)

Sleep in Cetaceans, and EEG Study--I. The Pilot Whale,

Globiceohala sc~~oni

Sinha, A. A. et al. (U. Minnesota)

Ultra Structural Study of Estrogen Effects and of

Placenta
116

AGENCY PROG~~lS FOR FY 74

Atomic Energy Commission

Eberhardt, L. L., R. G. Gilbert & J. M. Thomas

(Battelle Memorial Institute)

Analysis of Natural Systems

Department of Agriculture

Breese, S. S. (Animal Disease Center)

Electron Microscopy of Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus

and Other Exotic Animal Viruses

Ritchie, A. E. (National Animal Disease Center)

Ultrastructural Characteristics of the Microbiota

of Domestic Animals

Trautman, R. (Animal Disease Center)

Ultracentrifugation of Exotic Animal Viruses,

Viral Degradation and Associated Products

Department of Commerce

1. National Marine Fisheries Service

Barham, E. & R. McNeely (N"ITS/S,~C)

Porpoise Gear Dynamics and Development

Barham, E., G. Stauffer & T. Smith (NDITS/SWFC)

Porpoise Stock Assessment

Fiscus, C. H., E. M. Marquette & G. Y. Harry (NMFS/illiFC)

Seals of the Bering and Chukchi Seas

Fiscus, C. H., W. M. Marquette & G. Y. Harry (}ThITS/NWFC)

Bowhead Whale Studies

Johnson, J. H. et al. (~~S/WNFC)

St. George Island Studies

Perrin, W., D. Holts and W. Taguchi (N~S/SWFC)

Porpoise Life Studies

Rice, D. W. & A. A. Wolman (N~S/WNFC)

Whale Stock Assessment and Marking

Rice, D. W. & A. A. Wolman (N~~S/NWFC)

Gray Whale Studies
117

Rice, D. W. & A. A. Wolm~~ (NMFS/l~vFC)

Killer Whale Studies

2. Office of Sea Grants

Burns, J. J. & F. H. Fay (V. Alaska)

The Biology of Bering Sea Harbor Seals and Their

Relationship with Other Ice Inhabiting Pinnipeds

Fay, F. H. (V. Alaska)

Ethology and Productivity of the Pacific Walrus

Galster, W. (V. Alaska)

A Survey of Alaskan Marine ~a~mals for Accumulation

of Pesticides and Heavy Metals

Department of Defense

1. Naval Undersea Center and Other Vnits

Leathe~Nood, J. S. & W. E. Evans (NUC)

Study of Marine M~mmal Population to Assist in

Evaluation of Effect on ASW and Assessment of

Supply of Animals for Systems Concepts

White, C. T. & C. S. Johnson (Electronics Laboratorv

Center)

Bioelectronics Study of Marine Mammals

2. Office of Naval Research

Bullock, T. H. (V. California, San Diego)

Navy Environment: Swimmer/Diver Support:

Sensory Capabilities of Marine Vertebrates

Caldwell, D. K. (Marine land Research Laboratory)

Navy Environment: Biological Sources of Ambient

Sea Noise; .~alysis of Sonic Emission of Cetaceans

(Porpoises)

Sigel, M. M. (V. Miami)

Navy Environment: Diseases of Experimental

Marine Mammals

Department of Health, Education and Welfare

Atassi, M. Z., & J. Koketsu (Wayne State V.)

Immunochemical Studies on Hlli~an Hemoglobins

Caldwell, D. K. & H. Hallien (V. Florida)

Studies of Communication
118·

Holt, J. P. (D. Louisville)

Residual Volume and Similarity in the Circulation

Lewis, D. J. (Scripps Clinic Res. Fdn.)

Primary Structures of Growth Hormones and Prolactins

Parkhurst, L. J. (D. Nebraska)

Hemoglobin mld Myoglobin Kinetic Studies

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Klein, H. P. (&~es Research Center)

Ground-Based Platforms, Bio-Instrumentation and

Animal Tracking Systems & Techniques

National Science Foundation

Ambrosino, M. J. (WGBH Educational Foundation)

Partial Support for Weekly Science Series on

National Public Television

Brownell, R. L. (Smithsonian Institution)

Ecology and Life History of the Franciscana Dolphin

Kooyman, G. L. (D. California)

Data Analysis of Antarctic penguin and Seal Studies

Maxwell, M. S. (Michigan State D.)

Dorset and Pre-Dorset Culture Change

Norris, K. S. (D. California, Santa Cr~z)

Peripheral Sound Processing in Porpoises

Sarich, V. M. (D. California, Berkeley)

Immunological Studies of Protein Evolution in Mammals

South, F. E. (D. Missouri, Columbia)

Physiology of Sleep and Thermoregulation in the

California Sea Lion

Wu, (California Institute of Technology)

SymposiQ~ on Swimming and Flying in Nature
119

AGENCY PROGRAMS FOR FY 75

(F~C) Energy Research and Development Administration

Perkins, R. W. et al. (Battelle Memorial Institute)

Physical and Radiological Chemistry of Ocean Solution

Department of Agriculture

Lichtenfels, J. R. (Haemoprotozoan Disease Laboratory)

Systematics and Identification of Helminths and Other

Parasites Important to Human and fu,imal Health

Polatnick, J. & H. L. Bachrach (Animal Disease Center)

Amino Acid Sequences in Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

Types and Immunogenic Peptide Fragments

Rothfus, J. A. (Industrial Crops Laboratory)

Lubricants from New Seed Oils

Department of Commerce

1. National Marine Fisheries Service

Fiscus, C. H., W. M. Marquette & G. Y. Harry (NMFS/~VFC)

Pinnipeds

Fiscus, C. H., W. M. Marquette & G. Y. Harry (NMFS/N~"FC)

Marine Mammals of the Arctic Ocean and Bering Sea

Harry, G. Y. et al. (Nr1FS/Nv«C)

St. George Island Studies

Harry, G. Y. et al. (NMFS/~'«C)

Northern Fur Seal

Harry, G. Y., D. W. Rice & A. A. Wolman (NMFS/~"FC)

Cetaceans

Lenarz, W., D. Au & T. Smith (NMFS/SWFC)

Porpoise Stock Assessment

Perrin, W. et al. (NMFS/SWFC)

Porpoise Biological Studies and Field Program

(Formerly Porpoise Life Studies)

2. Office of Sea Grant

Popenoe, H. L. (D. Florida)

Florida Sea Grant Immediate Response Funds
120

Department of Defense

1. Naval Undersea Center and Other Units

Au, W. W. (Naval Undersea Center)

Bioacoustic Capability of Marine Mammals

Evans, W. E. & J. S. Leatherwood (NUCl

Pacific Pilot Whale Evaluation of its Effect on

High Frequency Sonar and its Feasibility as a

Monitoring Platform

Evans, W. E. & S. H. Ridgway (NUCl

Sonar Pulse Sources: Study of Structures and Function

Pepper, R. L. (NUC)

Directional Hearing of Sea Lions

Pepper, R. L. & P. E. Nachtigall (NUCl

Determinates of Dolphin Motivation

Popper, A. N. (U. Hawaii)

Sound Localization in the Bottlenosed Dolphin

Ridgway, S. H. & W. F. Flanigan (NUC)

Electrophysiology of Dolphin Cortex

Seeley, R. L. & D. Vandike (NUC)

Radiotelemetry of Clinical Data from Marine Mammals

2. Office of Naval Research

Evans, E. C. (NUC)

Navy Environment:

Noise: Studies of

Biological Sources of Sea

Cetacean Bioacoustic Systems

Gruber, S. H. (U. Miami)

Navy Environment: Naval Swimmer/Diver Protection:

Studies of Visual Perception in Sharks and Marine

Mammals

Malins, D. C. (Seattle U.)

Navy Environment: The Biochemistry of Lipids

Peculiar to the Organs and Tissues of Cetaceans

and Involved in Sound Transmission as in

Echolocation

Marx, W. (U. Southern

Navy Environment:

Oxygen Utilization

Aquatic Ma~~als

California)

Metabolic Aspects of Food

in Diving as Performed by

and
121

Norris, K. S. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Navy Environment: Biological Sources of &~ient

Sea Noise: Studies of Cetacean Behavior and BioAcoustic System

Ray, C. (Johns Hopkins D.)

Navy Environment: Swimmer/Diver Support and

Acoustic Interference: Marine Mammal Acoustic

and Behavioral Capabilities

Ridgway, S. H. & M. H. Beleau (NDC)

Marine Mammal Bionosis

Schevill, W. E. (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute)

Navy Environment: Biological Sources of Ambient

Sea Noise: Bioacoustic Behavior and Distribution

of Cetaceans (Whales)

Schusterman, R. J. (California State D., Hayward)

Navy Environment: SwiIT~er/Diver Support: Marine

Mammal Visual/Acoustic Behavioral Capabilities

Winn, H. E. (D. Rhode Island)

Na~J Environment: Biological Sources of Ambient

Sea Noise: Bioacoustic Behavior and Sensory

Capability of Fishes and Cetaceans

Department of Health, Education and Welfare

Bartlett, G. R. (Laboratory for Comparative Biochemistry)

Red Cell Metabolism

Behrisch, H. M. (D. Alaska)

Hibernation and Enzymes

Buhler, D. R. (Oregon State Do)

Methylmercury Detoxification in Marine Mammals

Bullock, T. H. (D. California, San Diego)

Studies in Comparative Neurophysiology

Elsner, R. W. (D. Alaska)

Circulatory Reactions to Asphyxia

Gurd, F. R., 00 Oster, & M. H. Garner (Indiana D.)

Structure and Reactivity of Proteins and Lipoproteins

Irving, L. (Do Alaska)

Marine Mammals by Coastal Residents
122

Miller, K. L. (U. Alaska)

Heterothermous Operations of Nerves

Miller, K. L. (U. Alaska)

Metabolism and Temperature Regulation of

Marine Narrunals

Morrison, P. R. (U. Alaska)

Bioenergetic Aspects of Physiology in the Sea Otter

Schwartz, H. C. (Stanford U.)

Hemoglobin Oxygen Transport

Silver, I. (U. Pennsylvania)

Cellular Hypoxia in Shock and Stroke

Stavitsky, A. B. (Case Western Reserve U.)

Regulation of Humoral Immunity

West, G. C. (U. Alaska)

Utilization of Fat

Willis, w. D. (U. Texas)

Neural Adaptations for Diving in Mammals

Willis, Iv. D. et al. (U. Texas)

Comparative Neurobiolo~J

Depar~~ent of Interior

Addicott, W. O. (Geological Survey)

Cenozoic & Mesozoic Stratigraphy, Pacific Coast

& Alaska--Cenozoic Vertebrates, Pacific Coast

Environmental Protection Agency

Martin, J. H. (Moss Landing Marine Labs)

Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals by Littoral

and Pelagic Marine Organisms

National Science Foundation

Anderson, S. (American Museum of Natural History)

Operational Support for the Mammalogy Collection

Erickson, A. W. (U. Washington)

Environmental Factors in the Distribution of

Seals in the F~tarctic Pack Ice

Griffin, D. R. (Rockefeller U.)

Biological Basis of Orientation Behavior
123

Herman, L. M. (U. Hawaii)

Sensory and Learning-Memory Processes in the Dolphin

Jehl, J. R. (San Diego Natural History Museum)

Comparative Studies of Oceanic Birds in the Austral

Ninter

LeBoeuf, B. J. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Ethology of the Northern Elephant Seal

Litchfield, C. (Rutgers)

Acoustical Function of Lipids in Odontocete Echolocation

Luthi, B. (Rutgers)

Magnetic Materials Using Ultrasonic Techniques

Murdaugh, H. V. (Mount Desert Island Biological Lab)

Renal and Cardiovascular Function and Ionic Regulation

Murrish, D. E. (Case Western Reserve Univ.)

Cardiovascular Dynamics in Antarctic Homeotherms

Robertson, D. E. (Battelle Memorial Institute)

Investigation of the Origi~ Occurrence and Biogeochemistry of Hea~J Metals in the 8~tarctic

Marine Ecosystem

Siniff, D. B. (U. Minnesota)

Status and Population Dynamics of Antarctic Seals

White, F. N. (U. California, Los .~~geles)

Circulatory Regulation in Vertebrates

Smithsonian Institution

Mead, J. G. (Smithsonian Institution)

Biological Survey of Cetaceans of the Northwestern

Atlantic

Ray, C. E. (Smithsonian Institution)

Studies in the Evolution of the Pinnipedia

Veterans Administration

Forrest, I., D. Green & M. Serra (Stanford U.)

Investigation of Intermediary Metabolites of

Phenothiazine Derived Drugs
124

AGENCY PROGR&~S FOR FY 76

Depar~~ent of Agriculture

Bachrach, H. L., D. Moore & J. Polatnick (Animal Disease

Center)

Amino Acid Sequences in Foot-and-Mouth Disease

Virus Types and Immunogenic Peptide Fragments

(San Miguel sea lion virus)

Department of Commerce

1. National Marine Fisheries Service

Fox, W. (LaJolla Laboratory)

Porpoise Biology

Fox, W. (LaJolla Laboratory)

Porpoise Mortality Reduction Technology

Fox, W. (LaJolla Laboratory)

porpoise Stock Assessment

Fox, W. (LaJolla Laboratory)

Porpoise/Tuna Quantitative Analysis and Data

Management

Harry, G. Y. (Marine Maw~al Division)

Cetaceans

Harry, G. Y. (Marine Mammal Division)

Marine Mammals of the Arctic Ocean and Bering Sea

Harry, G. Y. (Marine Mammal Division)

Northern Fur Seal

Harry, G. Y. (Marine Hammal Division)

St. George Island Studies

Harry, G. Y. (Marine Mammal Division)

West Coast Pinnipeds, Antarctic Seals, Northern

Sea Lions

Shomura, R. (Honolulu Laboratory)

Recreational Fisheries (predatory behavior of

porpoises included)
125

2. Office of Sea Grant

Brauer, R. (U. North Carolina)

Research in Marine Sciences on the North Carolina

Shelf (wet submersible development for behavior

studies)

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State U.)

An Assessment of Sea Lions in the Rogue River Area

Popenoe, H. L. (U. Florida)

Florida Sea Grant Immediate Response Funds

(acoustical devices to repel porpoises)

Wolke, R. E. (U. Rhode Island)

Marine Pathology

Department of Defense

1. Naval Undersea Center

Evans, W. E. & S. H. Ridgway (NUC)

Sonar Pulse Sources: Study of Structures and

Function (Tursiops truncatus)

Ridgway, S. H. & W. E. Evans (NDC)

Living Sensor and Neural Processing Technology

(neurosensory physiology and modeling)

Ridgway, S. H. & W. F. Flanigan (NDC)

Electrophysiology of Dolphin Cortex

2. Office of Naval Research

Beleau, M. H. & R. D. Gunnels (NDC)

Marine Mammal Bionosis

Malins, D. C. (Seattle U.)

The Biochemistry of Lipids Peculiar to the Organs

and Tissues of Cetaceans and Involved in Sound

Transmission as in Echolocation

Norris, K. S. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Na~J Environment: Biological Sources of ~nbient

Sea Noise: Studies of Cetacean Behavior and

Bioacoustic System

Ray, C. (Johns Hopkins D.)

Navy Environment: Swimmer/Diver Support and Acoustic

Interference: Marine Mammal Acoustic and Behavioral

Capabilities
126

Schevill, W. E. (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute)

Navy Environment: Biological Sources of Ambient

Sea Noise: Bioacoustic Behavior and Distribution

of Cetaceans

Schusterman, R. J. (California State D., Hayward)

Swimmer/Diver Support: Marine Mammal Visual/

Acoustic Behavioral Capabilities

Winn, H. K. (D. Rhode Island)

Navy Environment: Biological Sources of F~ient

Sea Noise: Bioacoustic Behavior and Sensory

Capabilities of Marine Mammals

Department of Heal~h, Education and We1rare

Becker, R. R. (Oregon State D.)

Mechanisms for Toxicity of Environmental

Contaminants (humans, whales)

Berisch, H. M. (Do Alaska)

Hibernation and Enzymes (ground squirrels, seals,

caribou, birds)

Buhler, D. R. (Oregon State Uo

Accumulation of Environmental Contaminants in

Marine Nammals

Bullock, To H. (Do California, San Diego)

Studies in Comparative Neurophysiology (porpoises,

seals, sloths, sharks, electric fish, etc.)

Elsner, R. Wo (D. Alaska)

Circulatory Reactions to Asphyxia (seals)

Gurd, F. Ro (Indiana D.)

Structure and Reactivity of ,Proteins and Lipoproteins

(marine mammals)

Gurd, F. Ro (Indiana Do)

Specific Enrichment of Myoglobins for Carbon 13 NMR

(sperm whale myoglobin utilized)

Irving, L. (D. Alaska)

Marine Mammals by Coastal Residents (climatic

adjustment--human, seals, whales)

Miller, K. L. (D. Alaska)

Heterothermous Operations of Nerves (squirrels, marmots,

whales)
127

Miller, K. L. (U. Alaska)

Metabolism and Temperature Regulation of Marine

Mammals (seals, small birds)

Schwartz, H. C. (Stanford U.)

Hemoglobin Oxygen Transport (human, pinnipeds)

West, G. C. (U. Alaska)

Utilization of Fat (le~~ings, moose, caribou, marine

mammals)

Willis, W. D. (U. Texas)

Neural Adaptations for Diving in MaIT~als (dogs, sea lions)

Wissler, R. W. (U. Chicago), H. W. Casey & G. Migaki

(Armed Forces Institute of Pathology)

The Registry of Comparative Pathology (fish,

bird and mammal diseases)

Wurtman, R. J. & H. Lynch (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

Sympathetic Nervous System and Neuroendocrine Rhythm

(sheep, seals, mink, ferets)

Department of the Interior

Addicott, W. O. (Geological Survey)

Cenozoic & Mesozoic Stratigraphy, Pacific Coast &

Alaska--Cenozoic Vertebrates, Pacific Coast (age

and faunal data--includes marine mammal)

Environmental Protection Agency

Martin, J~ H~ (Moss Landing Marine Labs.)

Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals by Littoral and

Pelagic Marine Organisms

Marine Mammal Commission

Ainley, D. G. (Point Reyes Bird Observatory)

Studies of Marine Mammals at the Farallon Islands

Benirschke, K. (San Diego Zoological Society) and S. H.

Ridgway (Naval Undersea Center)

Tursiops Breeding Workshop

Brownell, R. L. & C. M. Schonewald (Smithsonian Institution)

Estimate of Recent Major Takings of Marine Mammals

Chapman, D. G. (U. Washington)

~~alysis of Tuna-Porpoise Data
128

Cornell, L. H. & E. D. Asper (Ocean Research Institute)

Further Investigation into Appropriate Cryogenic

Marking Processes

Dayton, P. K. (U. California, Los Angeles)

Studies Toward the Understanding of the Health

and Stability of Some Sea Otter Dominated Marine

Comnlunities

Evans, W. E. & J. S. Leatherwood (Naval Undersea Center)

Acoustic Characteristics of Nets and Floats in the

Water During Purse Seine Fishing for Yellowfin Tuna

Gard, R. (U. Alaska, Juneau)

Aerial Census and a Population Dynamics Study of Gray

Whales in Baja California During the 1976 Calving and

Mating Season

Gonsalves, J. T. (Progressive Fishing Enterprises)

Improved Device and Method to Prevent Porpoise

Mortality

Jo~~_son, M. L. (U. Puget Sound)

Distribution, Population Dyn~mics, and Ecology of

the Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulia) in the Waters

of the State of Washlngton

Katona, S. K. (College of the Atlantic)

The Gulf of Maine Whale Sighting Network

Kavanau, J. L. (U. California, Los ~~geles)

Behavior of the Sea Otter, Enhyd~a lutris

Kooyman, G. (Scripps Institute of Oceanography)

Development and Testing of a New, Low-Cost Method

for Monitoring at Sea Behavior of Marine Mawmals

Leatherwood, J. S. (Naval Undersea Center)

The Comparative Utility of Some Aerial Census

Methods in Cetacean Stock Assessment

Norris, K. S. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Behavioral Studies Relative to the Tuna-Porpoise

Problem

Payne, R. S. (New York Zoological Society)

Assessment of Two Right Whale Populations by Means

of Aerial Censusing and Photogrammetry

Ray, G. C. (Johns Hopkins U.)

Identification and Prese~va~ion of Critical Marine Mammal

Habitats within the Jurisdiction of the United States
129

Risenbrough, R. W., et al. (Bodega Bay Institute of

Pollution Ecology)

Population Biology of Harbor

Francisco Bay, California

Seals in San

Stone, P. (Silver Spring, Maryland)

Marine Ma~al Commission Reference Library

Waring, G. H. (Alexandria, Virginia)

Analysis of Outer Continental Shelf Development and

Potential Impacts on Marine Mammal Populations

Wilson, S. C. (Smithsonian Institution)

Management Implications of Social Behavior of the

Harbor Seal, Phoca vitulina concolor

Woodhouse, C. D. (Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History)

A Summary of Knowledge of the Sea Otter and an

Appraisal of the Completeness of Biological Understanding of the Species

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Ray, G.C., D. Wartzok & P. Sebesta (Johns Hopkins U.)

Study of Predictive Ecological Models Useful for the

Management and Conservation of Bering Sea Mammals

National Science Foundation

Ainley, D. G. (Point Reyes Bird Observatory)

The Role of Sea Birds in Antarctic Marine Ecosystems

(predator-prey interactions with marine mammals)

~~derson, S. (American Museum of Natural History)

Operational Support for the Mammalogy Collection

(cetaceans)

Awbrey, F. T. (California State U., San Diego)

Study of Acoustical Factors Affecting Porpoise

Mortality in Tuna Fishing

Brownell, R. L. (Smithsonian Institution)

Stock Assessment of _~tarctic Minke Whales

Bullock, T. H. (U. California, San Diego)

Studies in Comparative Neurology--Neuronal Integrative

Mechanisms (porpoises, seals, sloths, sharks, electric

fishes, etc.)

Caldwell, L. K. (Indiana U.)

Partial Support for a Major Public Conference on Marine

Science Research, Bloomington, Indiana, November 9-12, 1975
130

Dawson, W. W. (U. Florida)

Cetacean Vision

Griffin, D. R. (Rockefeller U.)

Biological Basis of Orientation Behavior (birds,

bats, humans, cetaceans)

Herman, L. M. (U. Hawaii)

Sensory and Learning-Memory Processes in the Dolphin

LeBoeuf, B. J. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Ethology of the Northern Elephant Seal, Mirounga

angustirostris

Siniff, D. B. (U. Minnesota)

Colony Behavior of Antarctic Marine Mammals

Siniff, D. B. (D. Minnesota)

Studies of Biota of F~tarctic Pack Ice (seals)

Zapol, W. M., et al. (Massachusetts General Hospital)

The Cardiovascular and Metabolic Response to Diving

and Endocrinology of the Gravid Near-term Weddell Seal

Smithsonian Institution

Mead, J. G. (Division of Vertebrate Zoology)

Marine Mammal Salvage Program

Ray, C. E. (Division of Paleobiology)

Studies in the Evolution of the Pinnipedia

Veterans Administration

Seal, U. S. (V.A. Hospital, Minneapolis)

Function, Evolution and Structure of Hormone-Binding

Proteins (pinnipeds, carnivores, deer, humans)

Sinha, A. A., et al. (V.A. Hospital, Minneapolis)

Ultrastructural Study of Estrogen Effects and of

Placenta (seals, skunks, etc.)
131

AGENCY PROGRFffi-S FOR FY 77

Department of Commerce

National Sea Grant Program

Ball, J. L. (D. Hawaii)

Marine Advisory Program: Marine Conservation

Education (Marine mammals)

Lewis, D. H. and C. D. Brown (Texas A&M D.)

Development and Presentation of Courses in Aquatic

Animal Health (marine mammal medicine)

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State D.)

Assessment of Sea Lions in the Rogue River Area

Department of Defense, Navy

--Office of Naval Research

Evans, W. E. and J. S. Leatherwood (Naval Ocean Systems Center)

Radiotelemetric Study of the Pacific Pilot Whale

Department of Health, Education and WelFare

Becker, R. R. (Oregon State D.)

Mechanisms for Toxicity of Environmental Contaminants

(human, whales)

Behrisch, H. W. (D. Alaska)

Molecular Adaptation to Asphyxia (harbor seal)

Berzofsky, J. A., D. H. Sachs, D. Pisetsky, R. H. Schwartz

and A. N. Schechter (National Cancer Institute)

Genetic Control of the Immune Response to

Natural Protein Antigens (sperm whale myoglobin)

Buhler, D. B. (Oregon State D.)

Accumulation of Environmental Contaminants in

Marine Mammals

Bullock, T. H. (D. California, San Diego)

Studies in Comparative Neurophysiology (porpoises,

seals, sloths, sharks, etc.)

McClelland, G. (Dalhousie D.)

Production of Nematode Ova and Host Sera to Study

a Fishborne Parasitic Disease--Course of Infection

and Pathology in the Natural Host (harbor and gray seals)
132

Schwartz, H. C. (Stanford V.)

Hemoglobin Oxygen Transport (human, pinnipeds)

Department of the Interior

1. Fish and wildlife Service

Bailey, E. P. (Fish and Wildlife Service)

Breeding Bird Distribution and Abundance in

Barren Islands, Alaska (also marine mammals)

Carnpbe11, H. and B. Irvine (FWS/NFT,qL)

Studies of Marine Mamrnals--Sirenia

Estes, J. A., J. B. Faro and A. M. Johnson (FWS)

Activity and Behavior of Pacific Walrus

Johnson, A. (FWS/NFWL)

Studies of Marine Mammals--Walruses and Sea Otters

Johnson, A. M. (FWS)

Intensive Study of

Sound

2. National Park Service

Sea Otters in Prince William

Jurasz, C.

Humpback Whale Studies

Streveler, G. P. (National Park Service, Glacier

Bay National Monument)

Harbor Seal Studies

Marine Mammal Commission

Benirschke, K. (Zoological Society of San Diego)

Enhancement of Captive Dolphin Breeding Through

Hormonal Studies of Ovulation

Botkin, D. B. and M. J. Sobel (Marine Biological

Laboratory, Woods Hole)

Concept of OptimQ~ Sustainable populations

of Marine Mammals

Chapman, D. G. (V. Washington)

Whale Statistics

Foster, M. S. (Moss Landing Marine Labs.)

Baseline Studies of Subtidal COQmunities Near the

Northern Extremity of the Sea Otter's California

Range
133

Fowler, C. W. (Utah State U.)

Comparative Population Dynamics--A Search for

Management Criteria

Geraci, J. (New England Aquarium)

Marine Mammal Stranding Workshop

Gilbert, J. (U. Maine)

Assessment of the Status of Gray Seals (Halichoerus

grypus) in Coastal Waters of the Northeast United

States

Hui, C. A. (Naval Ocean Systems Center)

Reliability of Dentinal Age Determination in Tursiops

Johnson, B. W. and P. A. Johnson

The Hawaiian Monk Seal on Laysan Island

Katona, S. K. (College of the Atlantic)

Identification of Humpback Whales from Fluke

Photographs

Nafziger, J. A. (U. Oregon)

Developments in the La'" of Marine liammal Management

Naftel, G. and L. R. Taylor (East Rider Corp.)

Predation on the Hawaiian Monk Seal (Monachus

schauinslandi) by Large Sharks

Risebrough, R. W. (Bodega Bay Institute of Population

Biology)

Accumulation of Petroleum Compounds in Harbor

Seals in San Francisco Bay

Shallenberger, E. (Sea Life Park, Hawaii)

H~~pback Whale Workshop

Smith, T. (U. Hawaii)

Study of Recently Developed Model of Historical

Abundance of Porpoise

Swartz, S. L. (San Diego Society of Natural History)

Field Studies of the Gray Whale (Eschrichtius robustus)

in Laguna San Ignacio, Baja California

Tillman, M. F. (National Marine Fisheries Service)

Whale Logbook Workshop

Waring, G. (Southern Illinois U.)

Issues Affecting the Conservation and Protection

of l1arine Mammals
134

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Michelson, R. C. (Georgia~Institute of Technology)

Manatee Tracking Project--Develop a Concept of an

Automatic Tracking System to Determine the Location

and Movements of Manatees

National Science Foundation

Ainley, D. G. (Point Reyes Bird Observatory)

The Role of Sea Birds in Antarctic Marine Ecosystems

(marine mammal)

AWbrey, F. T. (California State D.)

Acoustical Factors Affecting Porpoise Mortality

in Tuna Fishing

Jonkel, C. J. (D. Montana)

Environmental and Ecological Studies of High Arctic

Mammalian Habitat and Food Chains Affected by Development (polar bear, arctic seals, etc.)

Murdaugh, H. V. (Mt. Desert Island Biological Lab.)

Renal Cardiovascular F~~ction and Ionic Regulation

(seals, fish, etc.)

Norris, K. S. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Peripheral Sound Processing in Porpoises

South, F. E. (D. Delaware)

Physiology of Sleep and Thermoregu~ation (sea lions)

Smithsonian Institution

Mead, J. G. (Smithsonian Institution)

Biological Survey of Cetaceans of the Northwestern

Atlantic

Marine Mammal Salvage Program

Montgomery, G. G. (Tropical Research Institute,

Smithsonian Institution)

Ecology of Some Large Endangered Neotropical Mammals

in Venezuela (manatee, fresh-water dolphins, etc.)

Rav, C. E. (Smithsonian Institution)

- Studies in the Evolution of the Pinnipedia
135

AGENCY PROG~~!S FOR FY 78

Department of Agriculture

Breese, S. S. (USDA/Animal Disease Center)

Electron Microscopy of Exotic Animal Viruses

(seals, swine, etc4)

Department of Commerce

--National Marine Fisheries Service

l'.mos, ['1. (N~..FS)

Quantitative Science Services (fish, shellfish,

marine manu'1lals)

Beardsley, G. (NMFS)

Fishery Data Analysis--Miami (fish, turtles,

dolphins)

DeLong, R. (NMFS)

Endangered Species--Seals

Fiscus, C. (NMFS)

Pinnipeds

Fox, W. (Nl·lFS)

Porpoise Stock Assessment

Porpoise Biological Studies

Porpoise Mortality Reduction Technology

Gentry, R. (NMFS)

Fur Seal Behavior and Ecology

Kajimura, H. (N~..FS)

Fur Seal Ecosystems--Pelagic

Kemmerer, A. (N~..FS)

Survey Technology Development (fish, turtle,

porpoise tracking and remote sensing)

Keyes, N. (Nl-lFS)

Northern Fur Seal--Physiology and Medicine

Landen, F.. (N~..F S)

Northern Fur Seal--Population Assessment

Marquette, Iv. (NMFS)

Arctic Whales--Bowhead
136

Seckel, G. (NMFS)

Ocean Modeling fu,d Forecasting (tuna, porpoise, etc.)

Tillman, M. (NMFS)

Endangered Cetaceans

Department of Defense, Navy

1. Office of Naval Research

Evans, W. E. and V. Gurevich (Hubbs-Sea World

Research Institute)

Marine Mammal Distribution and Acoustics:

Radiotelemetric Studies of Pacific Ocean

Cetaceans

Gilmartin, W. G. and G. S. Colgrove (Naval Ocean

Systems Center)

Marine Mammal Bionosis

Hodgson, E~ s. and R4

Navy Environment:

into Chemosensory

Mammals

Mathewson (Tufts D.)

Potential Sites for Research

Capabilities of Captive Marine

Malins, D. C. (Seattle D.)

Navy Environment: The Biochemistry of Lipids

Peculiar to the Organs and Tissues of Cetaceans

and Involved in Sound Transmission

Norris, K. S. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Navy Environment: Biological Sources of Ambient

Sea Noise: Studies of Porpoise Behavior and

Bioacoustic System

Ray, G. C. and D. Wartzok (Johns Hopkins D.)

Navy Environment: Swimmer/Diver Support and Acoustic

Interference: Marine Mammal Acoustic and Behavioral

Capabilities

Schevill, W. E. and W. Watkins (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute)

Biological Ambient Sea Noise, Bioacoustic

Behavior and Distribution of Cetaceans

Schusterman, R. J. (California State D., Hayward)

Marine Mammal Visual and Acoustic Behavioral

Capabilities

Vedros, N. A. and R. J. Heckly (D. California, Berkeley)

Navy Environment: Biology of Respiratory Disease

Microorganisms with Emphasis on Factors Affec~ing

Spread of Infections
137

Winn, H. K. (U. Rhode Island)

Navy Environment: Biological Sources of Ambient

Sea Noise: Bioacoustic Behavior and Sensory

Capabilities of Marine r·1aro..lUals

2. Naval Ocean Systems Center and Other Units

Ridgway, S. H. and D. Carder (NOSC)

Sonar Pulse Sources: Study of Structures and

Function

Ridgway, S. H. and R. L. Seeley (NOSC)

Acoustic Neural P~ocesses

DeparL~ent of Energy

Tester, J. R. (U. Minnesota)

Vertebrate Behavior and Ecology (sea otter,

tree squirrels, pronghorn, etc.)

Department of Health, Education and Welfare

West, J. B., J. W. Evans, Y. Fung, E. P. Hill, G. L.

Kooyman and P. D. Wagner (U. California, San Diego)

Physiological Basis of ,Pulmonary Disease (diving

mammals)

Wissler, R. W., H. W. Casey and G. "1igaki (Univ. Assoc.

for Res. and Educ.)

Support for Registry of Comparative Pathology

(marine rnarumals)

Department of the Tnterior

1. Fish and Wildlife Service

Brownell, R. L., J. Lentfer, A. Johnson, G. VanBlaricom,

R. Jameson and J. Estes (FWS/NFWL)

Studies of Marine Mammals

California Department of Fish and Game

Sea Otter Research

2. Geological Survey

Sohl, N. F. (USGS/Geologic Division)

Mesozoic and Cenozoic Paleontology and

Stratigraphy of the Atlantic and Eastern

Gulf Coastal Plain (Cetacea, etc.)
138

Marine MaITmal Commission

Ainley, D. G. and S. Allen (Point Reyes Bird Observatory)

The Possible Effects of Human Activities on Harbor

Seals in Bolinas Lagoon, California

Breiwick, J. M. (U. Washington)

Analysis of Bowhead Whale Data

Dayton, P. K. (U. California, Berkeley)

Studies of Sea Otter-Dominated Marine Communities,

Part II

Fay, F. H. and C. Matkin (U. Alaska)

Marine Mammal-Fishery Interactions on cne Copper

River and Prince William Sound, Alaska

Fowler, C. W. (Utah State U.)

North Pacific Sperm Whale Data Analysis

Fowler, C. W. (Utah State G.)

Preliminary Workshop on Marine Mammal Management

Policies and Practices

Johnson, D. W. and P. A. Johnson

The Hawaiian Monk Seal on Laysan Island, 1978

Johnson, M. L. (U. Puget Sound)

Workshop on Marine M~~al--Fisheries Interactions in

Washington and Oregon

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State U.)

Workshop on Marine Mammal-Fishery Interactions

Perr in, ~v. F.

\~orkshop :

(National Marine Fisheries Service)

Determining Age of Odontocete Cetaceans

Prescott, J. (New England Aquarium)

The North &~erican Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena

phocoena) in the Northwest Atlantic

Sherman, S. C. (Brow~ U., Providence)

World Inventory of Whaling Logbooks and Journals

National Science Foundation

Dawson, W. W. (U. Florida)

Cetacean Vision

Gordon, K. R. and M. Hildebrand (U. California, Davis)

Analysis of Locomotor Behavior and Functional

Anatomy of the Limbs of the Walrus
139

Herman, L. H. (U. Hawaii)

Dolphin Information-Processing Capabilities

Behaviors and Social Organization of Humpback

Whales in Hawaiian Waters

Jehl, J. R. and W. E. Evans (Hubbs-Sea World Research

Institute)

Distribution and Ecology of Orcinus and

Globicephala in the Antarctic and Adjacent

Waters

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California, San Diego)

Comparative Aquatic Biology of Antarctic Endotherms

LeBoeuf, B. J. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Biological Studies of the Northern Elephant Seal

McWhinnie, 11. lL (DePaul U.)

Biological Investigation of Antarctic Krill

(Euphausia superba)

Morgane, P. J. (Worcester Foundation for Experimental

Biology)

Archicortical-Limbic Formations of Dolphin Brain

Siniff, D. B. (U. Hinnesota)

Studies of Biota of F~tarctic Pack Ice

Siniff, D. G. (U. Minnesota)

The Role of the Leopard Seal in the Antarctic

Marine Ecosystem

Siniff, D. B. and D. P. DeMaster (U. Minnesota)

Colony Behavior of Antarctic Marine Mammals

Veterans Administration

Seal, U. S. (VA Hospital, Minneapolis)

Function, Evolution and Structure of HormoneBinding Proteins (Canoidea, Pinnipedia)

Theil, G. B. (VA Center, Wood, WI)

The Isolation and Characterization of Fish

Myohemoglobin (harbor seal, human, fish)
•

140

AGENCY PROG~~~S FOR FY79

Department of Defense, Navy

1. Naval Ocean Systems Center and Other Units

Flanigan, W. F. (NOSC)

Chemoreception in the Bottlenose Dolphin,

A First Look

Ridgway, S. H. and R. L. Seeley (NOSC)

Signal Processing by Dolphins, Waveform

and Time Separation Features (Formerly

Acoustic Neural Processes)

2. Office of Naval Research

Altes, R. (Orincon Corp., LaJolla)

Navy Environment: Computer and Mathmatical

Analysis of Dolphin Whistles

Evans, W. E. and V. Gurevich (Hubbs-Sea World

Research Institute)

Marine Mammal Distribution and Acoustics:

Radiotelemetric Studies of Pacific Ocean

Cetaceans

Gilmartin, W. G. and D. Ewing (Naval Ocean

Systems Center)

Marine Mammal Bionosis

Hodgson, E. S. and R. Mathewson (Tufts U.)

Navy Environment: Potential Sites for

Research into Chemosensory Capabilities

of Captive Marine Ma~mals

Malins, D. C. and U. Varanasi (Seattle U.)

Navy Environment: The Biochemistry of Lipids

Peculiar to ~~e Organs and Tissues of Cetaceans

and Involved in Sound Transmission

Schevill, W. E. and W. Watkins (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)

Biological ~mbient Sea Noise,

Bioacoustic Behavior, and Distribution

of Cetaceans

Schusterman, R. J. (California State U., Hayward)

Navy Environment: Marine Mammal Visual and

Acoustic Behavioral Capabilities
141

Winn, H. K. (U. Rhode Island)

Navx Environment: Biological Sources of

Ambient Sea Noise; Bioacoustic Behavior

and Sensory Capabilities of Marine Mammals

Department of Health, Education and Welfare

Elsner, R. W., A. S. Blix, J. Kjekshus, L. A.

Sordahl and D. L. Franklin (U. Alaska)

Comparative Pathology of Myocardial

Ischemia (seals)

Nattie, E. E. and B. Hitzig (Dartmouth College)

Brain Metabolism, Acid-Base Balance, and

Respiration (seal)

Wissler, R. W. (Univ. Assoc. Res. and Educ. Pathol.)

Support of the Registry of Comparative

Pathology (marine mammals)

Marine Mammal Commission

Ainley, D. G. (Pt. Reyes Bird Observatory)

Studies of Marine Mammals at the Farallon Islands

Green, K. A. (El Paso, Texas)

Review the Fishery Conservation Management

Act and Regional Fishery Management Plans--

Conservation of Marine Mammals and Habitats

Norris, K. S. and B. Ramirez-Villa (U. California,

Santa Cruz)

Status of Phocoena sinus, the Gulf of

California Harbor Porpoise

Prescott, J. (New England Aquarium)

The North American Harbor Porpoise, Phocoena

phocoena, in the Northwest Atlantic

Sherman, S. C. (Brown U.)

World Inventory of Whaling Logbooks and

Jcurnals

Swartz, S. L. (San Diego Society of Natural History)

Evaluation of Human Activities on Gray Whales

in Laguna San Ignacio, Baja California

National Science Foundation

Herman, L. M. (U. Hawaii-Manoa)

Dolphin Information-Processing Capabilities
142

Herman, L. M. (U. Hawaii--Manoa)

Behaviors and Social Organization of Humpback Whales in Hawaiian Waters

Jehl, J. R. and W. E. Evans (Hubbs Sea World

Research lnst.)

Distribution and Ecology of Orcinus and

Globicephala in the Antarctic

Jonkel, C. J. (U. Montana)

Environmental and Ecological Studies of High

Arctic Mammalian Habitat and Food Chains

Affected by Development

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California--Scripps lnst.)

Comparative Aquatic Biology of

Antarctic Endotherms

LeBoeuf, B. J. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Biological Studies of the Northern

Elephant Seal

May, R. M. (Princeton U.)

Applications of Ecological Theory

Morgane, P. J. (Worcester Foundation for

Experimental Biology)

Archicortical-Limbic Formations of

Dolphin Brain

Siniff, D. B. (U. Minnesota)

The Role of ~~e Leopard Seal in the Antarctic

Marine Ecosystem
143

VI. APPENDIX D

LISTING OF I1ARINE MAl'.!HAL RESEARCH

FOR FY70-FY79

SUI~~RIZED BY AGENCY

FY70-FY73 COMPILED FROM INFORMATION

PROVIDED BY THE

SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORM_~TION EXCHANGE

FY74-FY79 COMPILED FROM INFOE0~TION

PROVIDED THE CO~_~ISSION

BY EACH AGENCY
144

Department of Agriculture

FY70

(No projects reported)

FY71

Cheville, N. F. (USDA Animal Disease Center)

Cellular Reaction to Intracellular Microbial Agents

Windus, W. (Eastern Utilization Research Lab)

Development of Improved Beaming and Tanning Processes

FY72

Cheville, N. F. (USDA Animal Disease Center)

Cellular Reaction to Intercellular Microbial Agents

FY73

(NO projects reported)

FY74

Breese, S. S. (USDA Animal Disease Center, Greenport,

N. Y.)

Electron Microscopy of Foot-and-Mouth Disease

Virus and Other Exotic B~imal Viruses

(San Miguel Sea Lion Virus)

Dardiri, A. H. (USDA Animal Disease Center, Greenport,

N. Y.)

Transmissibility of San Miguel Sea Lion Virus

to Domestic Swine

FY75

Dardiri, A. H. (USDA Animal Disease Center,

Greenport, N.Y.)

Transmissibility of San Miguel Sea Lion

Virus to Domestic Swine

$ 9.3K

$ 27.9K

$ 9.3K
145

FY76-FY78

(No projects reported)

FY79

Gelberg, H. (USDA Animal Disease Center, Plum Island)

Comparative Swine and Pinniped Pathology

of Swine Vesicular Exanthema and San Miguel

Sea Lion Viruses

Forrester, D. J. (U. Florida)

Epizootiology of Parasites of Wildlife

in Florida

$200K

$ 9K
146

Department of Commerce

FY70

(No projects reported)

FY71

--Office of Sea Grant

Hassler, W. W. (North Carolina State D.)

Abundance, Exploitation, Migration and Propogation

of the Dolphin

Hughes, D. A. & J. D. Richard (D. Miami)

Acoustic Studies in Marine Animals

FY72

1. National Marine Fisheries Service

Fiscus, C. H., H. Kajimura & A. A. Wolamn (N~ES/"~vFC)

Pelagic Investigations, Fur Seals

Malins, D. C. & D. Varanasi (Pioneer Research Labs)

ChemistrJ of Porpoise Siosonar

Perrin, W. F. (NMFS/Sv~C)

Alleviation of porpoise Mortality

Rice, D. & W. F. Perrin (N~PS/Sw7C)

Marine Mammal Research

Roppel, A. Y., et al. (N~-FS/NWFC)

Population Dynamics--Fur Seals

2. Office of Sea Grant

Hickok, D. M. (D. Alaska)

Environmental Assessment--Marine Mammals,

Shell Fisheries, Sea Ice Engineering

FY73

--Office of Sea Grant

Burns, J. J. & F. H. Fay (D. Alaska)

The Biology of Bering Sea Harbor Seals and Relationships with other Ice Inhabiting Pinnipeds
147

Galster, N. & J. J. Burns (U. Alaska)

Survey of Important Marine Organisms for the

Presence of Pesticides and Heavy Metals

Miller, K. & L. Irving (U. Alaska)

Adaptation of Marine Mammals to their Environment

Morrison, P. R., R. P. Lyons & P. D. Shaughnessy (U. Alaska)

Biochemical Analysis of Marine Mammal Species and

Population.

FY74

1. National Marine Fisheries Service

Barham, E. & R. Mc Neely (NMFS/SeWC) Porpoise

Gear Dynamics and Development

Barham, E., G. Stauffer & T. Smith (NMFS/S0WC)

Porpoise Stock Assessment

Fiscus, C. H. & W. M. Marquette (Nl~S/mVFC)

11arine Mammals of the Arctic Ocean and

Bering Sea

a. Seals of the Bering and Chukchi Seas

b. Bowhead whale studies

Fiscus, C. H. & W. M. Marquette (NMFS/N1VFC)

West Coast Pinnipeds

Goodman, R. M. (Franklin Institute, Philadelphia)

& K. S. Norris (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Non-Injurious Marking Techniques

Johnson, J. H., H. Kajimura, 11. C. Keyes, & R. L.

DeLong (ImFS/1JWFC)

St. George Island Studies

Leatherwood, J. S. (NUC, San Diego)

Whale Field Guide: Atlantic

Perrin, N., D. Holts, & W. Taguchi (N~S/SWFC)

Porpoise Life Studies

Rice, D. W. & A. A. Wolman (NMFS/NwFC)

Cetaceans

a. Whale Stock Assessment and Marking

b. Gray Whale Studies

c. Killer Whale Studies

$167.4K

$ 85.1K

$ 18.8K

$ 16K

$ 38. 2K

$ 35K

S145.5K

$ 4K

$271. 3K

$ 32K

$ 31. 4K

$ 17K
148

Roppel, A. Y., M. C. Keyes, & H. Kajimura

(N~2S/}TI~FC)

Northern Fur Seal

2. Office of Sea Grant

$357K

Burns, J. & F. H. Fay (Institute of Arctic Biology

u. Alaska)

The Biology of the Bering Sea Harbor

Seals and Their Relationship with Other

Ice Inhabiting Pinnipeds $ 9.7K

Fay, F. (Institute of Arctic Biology, U. Alaska)

Ethology and Productivity of the Pacific

walrus

Galster, W. (Institute of Arctic Biology, U.

Alaska)

A Survey of Alaskan Marine Mammals for

Accumulation of Pesticides and Heavy

Metals

Popenoe, H. L. (U. Florida)

Florida Sea Grant: Immediate Response Funds

FY75

1. National Marine Fisheries Service

Barham, E. & R. McNeely (N~~S/S~~C) Porpoise

Mortality Reduction Technology

17.6K

$ 13.6K

$ 36.3K

$140.2K

Barham, E., T. Smith, et al.

Stock Assessment

(N~2S/S~~C) Propoise

$108.0K

Fiscus, C. H. & W. M. Marquette (N~ES/mvFC)

Marine r1ammals of the Fxctic Ocean and Bering

Sea

a. Seals of the Bering and Chukchi Seas

b. Bowhead whale studies

Fiscus, C. H. & W. M. Marquette (NMFS/}~~C)

Pinnipeds (West Coast)

Gentry, R. L. & J. H. Johnson (NMFS/mvPC)

st. George Island Studies

Perrin, W., et al. (NMFS/S,~C)

porpoise Biological Studies and Field Program (Formerly: Ma=ine M~mals--Porpoise Life

Studies)

41.2K

$ 58.9K

$330.9K

$342.9K
149

Rice, D. W., A. A. Wolman & M. Tillman (N~~S/NWFC)

Cetaceans

a. Whale stock Assessment

b. Gray Ivhale

c. Killer Whale

$ 83.9K

Roppel, A. Y., et al.

Northern Fur Seal

(NMFS/NWFC)

$280.6K

2. Office of Sea Grant

Burns, J. (Institute of Arctic Biology, U. Alaska)

The Biology of the Bering Sea Harbor Seals

and Their Relationship with Other Ice Inhabiting Pinnipeds $ 55.0K

Fay, F. (Institute of Arctic Biology, U. Alaska)

Ethology and Productivity of the Pacific

Walrus $ 27.3K

3. OCSEAP

(See Department of the Interior, Bti~/NOAA/OCSEAP)

FY76 and TQ76

1. National Marine Fisheries Service

Mammal Division)

$ 40K

·,;ith U.

Mammal Division)

$ 85.8K

Fiscus, C. H. & R. L. DeLong (Marine

Pinnipeds

1. San Miguel Island Pinnipeds,

Principally Northern Fur Seal

2. US-USSR Marine M~~al Studies

3. Platforms of Opportunity

4. Contracts:

Fiscus, C. H. & R. L. DeLong (Marine

Endangered Species

1. Hawaiian Monk Seal

2. Northern Elephant Seal

3. Guadalupe Fur Seal (Contract

Washington)

Johnson, M. L. (U. Puget Sound)

Marine Mammal Survey Flights--Lower Columbia

River, Coastal and Inland Waters ($3K)

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State D.)

An Aerial Assessment of Breeding Pinnipeds

in the Temperate Eastern Pacific ($6.1K)
150

Risenbrough, R. (Bodega Bay Institute of

Pollution Ecology)

Analysis of California Sea Lion Tissues

for Residues of DDT and PCB Compounds

and other Chlorinated Hydrocarbons ($7K)

Stroud, R. K. (Oregon State U.)

Collection and Examination of Marine

Mammals Stranded Along the oregon Coast ($6K)

Gentry,

Fur

1.

2 .

R. & J. H. Johnson (~1arine Mammal Division)

Seal Ecosystems--St. George Island

St. George Island Behavioral Studies

St. George Island Subadult Males

$330.2K

McNeely, R. (LaJolla Laboratory)

Porpoise Mortality Reduction $120K

Perrin, W. F. (LaJolla Laboratory)

Porpoise Biological Studies and Field Programs $136K

Powers, J. (LaJolla Laboratory)

Porpoise Quantitative Analysis and Data

Management

Powers, J. (LaJolla Laboratory)

Porpoise Stock Assessment

Roppel, A. Y. et al. (Marine Mammal Division)

Northern Fur Seal--Populations and Monitoring

1. population Dynamics and Monitoring

2. Physiology and Medicine

3. Pelagic Studies

Tillman, M. F. et al. (Marine Mammal Division)

Cetaceans

1. Humpback Whale (North Pacific)

2. Gray Wahle

3. Killer Whale

4. Bowhead Whale

5. Whale Stock Assessment

2. National Sea Grant Program

$179K

$ 81K

$290.7K

$193.7K

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State U.)

An Assessment of Sea Lions in the

Rogue River Area TQ76--$ 19.8K
151

3. OCSEAP

(See DeparL~ent of the Interior, Bli~/NOAA/OCSEAP)

FY77

1. National Marine Fisheries Service

a. Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center

Fiscus, C. H. (Marine M~~al Division)

Endangered Species

1. Hawaiian Monk Seal

2. Northern Elephant Seal

3. Guadalupe Fur Seal (Contract with

U. Washington)

Fiscus, C. H. (Marine Mammal Division)

Pinnipeds

1. San Miguel Island Pinnipeds,

principally Northern Fur Seal

2. US-USSR Marine Ma=al Studies

Gentry, R. (Marine Mammal Division)

Northern Fur Seals: Ecosystem Studies,

St. George Island

$ 40K

$ 90K

$246K

Harry, G. (Marine

Northern Fur

Pelagic

Mammal Division)

Seals: Ecosystem Studies,

$120K

Harry, G. (Marine Mammal

Northern Fur Seals:

Physiology

Divison)

Population and

$262K

Tillman, M. (Marine Ma=al Division)

Cetaceans

1. Humpback Whales (North pacific)

2 . Gray Whale

3. Killer Whale

4. Whale Stock Assessment

Tillman, M. (Marine Ma=al Division)

Endangered Cetaceans: Arctic Whales--

Bowhead

b. Southwest Fisheries Center

Everett, J. T. (SWFC)

Porpoise:

1. Quantitative Analysis

2. Data Management

$211K

$201K

$ 37.6K

$152.0K
152

McNeely, R. (S'NFC)

Porpoise Mortality Reduction Technology

Perrin, W. F. (S~~C)

Porpoise Biological Studies

(Also $13.7K for Growth and Reproduction

of Delphinus in the Eastern Tropical

Pacific, C. Hui (Naval Ocean Systems

Center)

Powers, J. E. (SWFC)

Porpoise Stock Assessment

2. National Sea Grant Program

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State U.)

An Assessment of Sea Lions in the Rogue

River Area

3. OCSEAP

(See Depar~~ent of the Interior, BU~/NOF~_/OCSEAP)

FY78

1. National Marine Fisheries Service

a. Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center

Fiscus, C. (Marine Ma~mal Division)

Endangered Species

1. Hawaiian Monk Seal

2. Northern Elephant Seal

3. Guadalupe Fur Seal

Fiscus, C. (Marine Mammal Division)

Pinnipeds (of California, Oregon and

Washington)

Gentry, R. (Marine Maromal Division)

Northern Fur Seals: Ecosystem Studies,

St. George Island

$299.6K

S138.lIZ

$5l6.SK

$ 2S.8K

$ SDK

$ 93K

$260K

Harry, G. (Marine Ma~mal

Northern Fur Seals:

Pelagic

Harry, G. (Marine M~~al

Northern Fur Seals:

Physiology

Division)

Ecosystam Studies,

Division)

Population and

$124K

$282K
153

Tillman, M. (Marine Mammal Division)

Cetaceans

1. Humpback Whales

2. Gray Whales

3. Whale Stock Assessment

$309K

Tillman, M. (Marine Mammal

Endangered Cetaceans:

Whales--Bowhead

Division)

Arctic

$724K

Tillman, M. (Marine Mammal Division)

Endangered Cetaceans: Dall Porpoise

b. Southwest Fisheries Center

Coe, J. M. and W. E. Stuntz (S'VFC)

porpoise Mortality Reduction

1. Technology

2. Behavior and Physiology

Perrin, W. F. (S~~C)

Porpoise Biological Studies

Powers, J., N. Lo and C. Oliver (S~C)

Porpoise:

1. Quantitative Analysis

2. Data Management

Powers, J. (S~C)

Porpoise stock Assessment

2. National Sea Grant College Program

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State U.)

An Assessment of Sea Lions in the Rogue

River -"..rea

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State U.)

Population Growth and Feeding Habits of

Harbor Seals in an Aquacultural-Enhanced

Environment

3. OCSEAP

(See DeparL~ent of the Interior, BL~/NOAA/OCSEAP)

$2l0K

$303.9K

$183.7K

$220.4K

$ 63.3K

$255.4K

$524.5K

$ 26.7K

$ 23K
154

.FY79

1. National Marine Fisheries Service

a. Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center (lmAFC)

Braham, H. ("MAFC)

Arctic Whales--Bowhead (88C5A2)

(Old Dartmouth Soc.)

Bowhead Whale ($65K)

(OAS)

Bowhead Aerial Survey ($17K)

(U. Washington)

Bowhead Computer Svcs ($28K)

Taber (U. Washington)

Harbor Seals ($8.7K)

(Naval Arctic Research)

Billeting, Mess & Logistic Support ($131K)

(C~~ell Boat Captains)

Biol. Samples--Bowhead ($6.4K)

(Evergreen State College)

Bowhead Blubber Analysis ($2.7K)

(Portland State U.)

Bowhead Stock Evaluation ($4.8K)

(Alaska Eskimo Whaling Comm.)

Collect Samples--Bowhead ($26K)

(OAS)

Aerial Survey--Bowhead ($44.3K)

(Scripps Inst.)

Eye Lens Analysis ($2.1K)

Paul Macy

Bowhead Bibliography ($3K)

Rice, D. (NWAFC)

Endangered Cetaceans (88C5A3; 78C5A3)

(U. California)

Gray Wahles ($8K)

(San Diego Nat. His.)

Gray Wahles ($1.5K)

$871.1K

$264K
155

(Moclips Cetalogical Society)

Killer Whales ($3K)

Mate, B. (Oregon State U.)

Sperm Whales ($3.5K)

(U. Washington)

Gray Whales ($16.2K)

(Easy Rider)

Vessel--Hurnpback Whales ($15K)

(U. Texas)

Dall's Propoise ($6.9K)

(U. Washington)

Cetacean Computer Svcs ($15K)

Fiscus, C. and R. L. DeLong (mq~~c)

Endangered Species--Seals (88C5Al)

(Bodega Bay)

Monk Seals ($l.SK)

(U. Hawaii)

Honk Seals ($1. SK)

(Naval Ocean Systems)

Northern Elephant Seals ($4.1K)

(Point Defiance)

Harbor Seals ($5.4)

Kooyman (Scripps Inst.)

Seals ($8K)

Ainley (Point Reyes)

Harbor Seals, Sea Lions,

Northern Fur Seals and

Cetaceans ($3K)

Fiscus, C. and R. L. DeLong (m~AFC)

Pinnipeds (88C4A4)

(U. Washington)

Pinniped Computer Svc ($lK)

(Washington State Fish and Game)

Harbor Seals ($6.1K)

Harold A. Rice

Sea Lion Survey ($82.SK)

$ 51. OK

$138.2K
156

Gentry, R. L. (~rwAFC)

Fur Seal Studies--St. George Island

(88C4Al)

(Utah State U.)

Northern Fur Seal ($14.6K)

(Marine Animal Resource Center)

Northern Fur Seal ($17.5K)

(U. Washington)

Northern Fur Seal Computer Svc. ($lK)

Gallucci (U. Washington)

Northern Fur Seal ($9.3K)

Keyes, r1. C. (NWAFC)

Veterinary Medical Services and Research

(88C6A2)

McAlister, W. B. (r~~AFC)

Marine Mammal Ecosystem Studies (88C4A5;

88C6Jl..3 )

(U. Washington)

Northern Fur Seal Computer Svc. (30K;

$22K; $9K)

Roppel, A. Y. (NWAFC)

Northern Fur Seal Population and

r1onitoring (88C6Al)

b. Southeast Fisheries Center (SEFC)

Berry, F. (SEFC)

Marine Marnrnals--Tursiops (88C4Ll)

Leatherwood, S. (Hubbs Sea World)

Tursiops Population Analysis ($105. 3K)

Odell-Asper (Hubbs Sea World)

Tursiops Local Herd Biodynamics ($71. 5K)

c. Southwest Fisheries Center (SWFC)

Coe, J. and W. Shuntz (SvmC)

Marine M~~al Technology, Behavior and

Physiology (88C4H2)

Oliver, G. (SW?C)

Porpoise: Quantitative Analysis and

Data Management (88C4H5)

$269.3K

$ 58.9K

$204.3K

$225.9K

$180.8K

$512.9K

$329.5K
157

Smith, T. (SvWC)

porpoise Stock Assessment (88C4Hl)

Perrin, N., A. Myrick and J. Jennings (SWFC

Porpoise Biological Studies (88C4H3)

Perrin, W. (SliFC)

Assessment of Coastal Marine Mammals for

Management (88C4H6)

(California Fish and Game)

Assessment of Conflicts Between Marine

Mammals and Fisheries in California

Waters ($70K) [Additional $68K funded by

Southwest Region of ~~SJ

(LA Co. Mns.)

Baseline Life History, Tursiops ($9K)

(Hubbs/Sea World)

Baseline Life History, Lagenorhynchus ($14K)

2. National Sea College Program

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State G.)

An Assessment of Sea Lions in the

Rogue River Area

population Growth and Feeding Habits of

Harbor Seals in an Aquacultural-Enhanced

Environment

3. OCSEAP

(See Department of the Interior, BLM/NOAA/OCSEAP)

$462.7K

$70S.3K

$152.0K

$ 15.5K

$ 52.SK
158

Department of Defense

FY70

1. Naval Undersea Center and other Units

Dierks, K. J. (Texas U.)

Porpoise Sonar Simulation Data ~~alysis

Evans, W. E. (NUC)

Open Ocean Cetacean Ecology

Johnson, C. s. (NUC)

Electronic Models of the Porpoise Sonar System

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Neural Control Mechanisms

Schefer, M. H. (Naval Missile Center)

Marine Biology Facility for Naval Applications

2. Office of Naval Research

Hays, E. E. & W. E. Schevill (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute)

Ambient Noise

Oliver, J. A. (F~erican Museum of Natural History)

Field Studies of the Tropical Ecology of

the Bahamas

Papermaster, B. W. (U. California, Berkeley)

Marine Immunochemistry

FY71

1. Air Force

Bullock T. H. (U. California, LaJolla)

Biological Sensors of Electricity and Sound:

Neural Processing of Sensory Input

2. Naval Undersea Center and other units

Evans, W. E. (NUC)

Study of Marine Mammal Populations to Assist

in Discrimination of false Sonar Targets

Johnson, C. s. (NUCl

Porpoise Sonar Simulation: F~ Approach to

Improved Small Object Detection Sonar
~9

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Neural Control Mechanisms

3. Office of Naval Research

Baldwin, H. A. (Sensory Systems Lab)

Navy Environment--Factors in Prediction of Naval

ASW Operating Conditions--Telemetry Investigations

of Low Frequency Acoustic Sensitivity

Caldwell, D. K. (Marine land Research Lab)

Navy Environment--Biological Sources of Ambient

Sea Noise--Analysis of Sonic Emmission of

Cetaceans (Porpoises)

Gilbert, P. W. (Mote Marine Laboratory)

Navy Environment--Naval Swimmer/Diver Protection--

Shark Behavioral Studies

Johnston, D. G. & S. H. Ridgway (St. Johns Hospital)

Navy Environment--Response of Marine Mammals to

Human Pathogens

Norris, K. S. & D. Malins (Oceanic Institute)

Navy Environment--Field Studies of Marine Mammals

Ridgway, S. H. & J. G. Simpson (NUC)

Navy Environment--Diseases of Marine Mammals of

Interest to the Navy

Schevill, W. E. (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute)

Navy EnviroQment--Biological of ~~bient Sea Noise--

Bioacoustic Behavior and Distribution of Cetaceans

(Whales)

Siegel, M. M. (Variety Childrens' Research Foundation)

Na~J Environment--Diseases of Experimental Marine

Mammals

Winn, H. E. (Rhode Island V.)

Navy Environment--Biological Sources of ~~ient Sea

Noise--Bioacoustics, Behavior and Sensory Capabilities

of Fishes and Cetaceans

FY72

1. Naval Undersea Center and other units

Evans, W. E. (NUC)

Study of Marine Mammal Population to Assist

in Discrimination of False Sonar Targets
160

Johnson, C. s. (NUC)

Porpoise Sonar Capabilities: An Approach to

Improved Small Object Detection Sonar

Ridgway, S. H. & J. L. Mattsson (NUC)

Sound Processing Mechanism of Marine Mammals

for Sonar and ASW Studies

2. Office of Naval Research

Aron, W. I. & R. Brownell (Smithsonian Institution)

Navy Environrnent--Underwater Sources of Ambient

Sea Noise--Behavioral and Acoustic Studies of

Cetaceans (Porpoises)

Bullock, T. H. (U. California, San Diego)

Navy Environrnent--Swirnrner/Diver Support--

Marine Mammal Capabilities

Caldwell, D. K. (Marineland Research Laboratory)

Navy Environrnent--Biological Sources of F~bient

Sea Noise--F~alysis of Sonic Emission of

Cetaceans (Porpoises)

Gilbert, P. W. (Mote Marine Laboratory)

Navy Environrnent--Naval Swimmer/Diver Protection--

Shark Behavioral Studies

Johnston, D. G. (St. Johns Hospital)

Navy Enviro~~ent--Responseof Marine Mammals

to Human Pathogens

Norris, K. S. & D. Malins (Oceanic Institute)

Navy Environrnent--Field Studies of Marine Mammals

Ray, C. (Johns Hopkins U.)

Navy Environrnent--Swirnrner/Diver Support--Marine

Mammal Acoustic Orientation Capabilities

Ridgway, S. H. & W. G. Gilmartin (NUC)

Marine Animal Diseases

Schevill, W. E. (Wood Hole Oceanic Institute)

Navy Enviro~~ent--BiologicalSources of F~ient

Sea Noise--Bioacoustic Behavior and Distribution

of Cetaceans (Whales)

Schusterrnan, R. J. (Stanford Research Institute)

Navy Environrnent--Swirnrner/Diver Support--Marine

Mammal Visual/Acoustic Capabilities
161

Sigel, M. M. (U. Miami)

Navy Enviroment--Diseases of Experimental Marine

Marmnals

Weaver, E. G. (Princeton U.)

Communications--Sound Conduction in the Ear

Affecting Military Co~munications

Winn, H. E. (U. Rhode Island)

Navy Environment--Biological Sources of Ambient

Sea Noise--Bioacoustic Behavior and Sensory

Capabilities of Fishes and Cetaceans

FY73

1. Naval Undersea Center and Other Units

Evans, W. E. (~ruC)

Study of Marine Marmnal Populations to Assist in

Evaluation of Effect on ASW and Assessment of

Supply and ~~imals for Systems Concepts

Mattsson, J. R. & R. L. Seeley (NUC)

Radiotelemetry of Clinical Data from Marine Marmnals

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Electrophysiology of Dolphin Cortex

White, C. T. & C. S. Johnson ( Electronics Laboratory Center)

Bioelectronic Study of Marine Marmnals

2. Office of Naval Research

Bullock, T. H. (D. California, San Diego)

Navy Environment--Swimmer/Diver Support--Sensory

Capabilities of Marine Vertebrates

Caldwell, D. K. (Marineland Research Laboratory)

Navy Envirop~ent--BiologicalSources of Ambient Sea

Noise--Analysis of Sonic Emissions of Cetaceans

(Porpoises)

Evans, C. (NUC)

Navy Environment--Biological Sources of Sea Noise--

Studies of Cetacean Bioacoustics System

Malins, D. C. (Seattle D.)

Navy Environment--The Biochamistry of Lipids Peculiar

to the Organs and Tissues of Cetaceans Involved in

Sound Transmission as in Echolocation
162

Marx, W. (U. Southern California)

Na~z Environment--Metabolic Aspects of Food and Oxygen

Utilization in Diving as Performed by Aquatic Mammals

Niskin, S. J. & H. Frohlich (U. Miami)

Navy Environment--Design and Development of Oceanographic Instrumentation

Norris, K. S. & D. Malins (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Navy Environment--Biological Sources of Aro~ient Sea

Noise--Studies of Cetacean Behavior and Bioacoustic

System (Porpoises)

Ray, C. (Johns Hopkins U.)

Navy Environment--Swimmer/Diver Support--Marine

Mammal Acoustic Orientation Capabilities

Ridgway, S. H. & N. G. Gih~artin (NUC)

Marine Mammal Bionosis

Schevill, W. E. (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute)

Navy Environment--Biological Sources of Ambient Sea

Noise--Bioacoustic Behavior and Distribution of

Cetaceans (Whales)

Schusterman, R. J. (California State U., Hayward)

Navy Environment--S,vimmer/Diver Support--Marine

Ma~al Visual/Acoustic Capabilities

Siegel, M. M. (U. Miami)

Navy Enviro~~ent--Diseases of ExperLrnental Marine

Mammals

Winn, H. E. (U. Rhode Island)

Navy Environment--Biological Sources of Ambient Sea

Noise--Bioacoustic Behavior and Sensory Capabilities

of Fishes and Cetaceans (Whales)

FY74

1. Naval Undersea Center

AU, W. W. L. (NUC)

Bioacoustic Capabilities of Marine M~~als

AU, W. W. L. (NUC)

Dolphin Range Resolution

Evans, W. E. (NUC)

Pacific pilot Whale Studies

SOK

$ S4K

$ 10K
163

Fish, J. F. (NUC)

Acoustics Research on Tuna/Porpoise Probla~

Gilmartin, W. G. (NUC)

Antibiotic A~~inistration Techniques in

Marine Marmnals

Gilmartin, W. c. (NUC)

Vaccines for Porpoises and Sea Lions

Pepper, R. L. (NUC)

Determinants of Dolphin Motivation

Pepper, R. L. (NUC)

Directional Hearing of Sea Lions

Pepper, R. L. (NUC)

Marine Marmnal Behavior

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Differential Diagnosis Laboratory Capabilities

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Electrophysiology of Dolphin Cortex

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Reproduction Cycle of Bottlenose Dolphins

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Marine Marmnal Hearing Screening

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Marine Marmnal Husbandry and Maintenance

Seeley, R. L. (NUC)

Radio-telemetry of Clinical Data from Marine

Marmnals

Sweeney, J. C. (NUC)

Open Ocean Diseases of Stranded Animals

2. Office of Naval Research

Evans, E. C. (NUC)

Biological Sources of Sea Noise: Studies

of Cetacean Bioacoustics

Marx, W. (D. Southern California, Los Angeles)

Metabolic Aspects of Food and Oxygen

Utilization in Diving as Performed by

Aquatic Ma=als

$ 11K

$ 56K

$ 37K

$ 28K

$ 5K

$ 56K

$ 45K

$ 30K

$ 49K

$ 53K

$lOOK

$ 30K

$ 44K

$ 30K

$ 3.4K
164

Norris, K. S. & T. P. Dohl (U. California,

Santa Cruz)

Studies of a wild Porpoise School,

Stenella longirostris

Popper, A. N. (V. Hawaii)

Minimum Auditory Angle

Ray, G. C. & D. \vartzok (John Hopkins V.)

Telemetry and Acoustics of Pinnipeds

Ridgway, S. H. (NVC)

Marine Mammal Bionosis

Schevill, W. E. & W. A. Watkins (Woods Hole

Oceanographic Institute)

Oceanic Biology (Ambient Noise,

Cetological)

Schusterman, R. J. (California State U., Hayward)

Mammal Underwater Acoustics

Smith, A. N., T. G. Akers, & N. A. Vedros

(Naval Biomedical Research, Berkeley)

Etiology of Marine Zoonoses

Winn, H. E. (V. Rhode Island)

Marine Bioacoustics and Bio-orientation

FY75

1. Naval Undersea Center

Beleau, M. H. (NUC)

Preventive Medicine and Therapy of Marine

Mammals

Evans, W. E. & S. H. Ridgway (NUC)

Sonar Pulse Sources: Study of Structure and

Function

$ 15K

$ 30K

$ 50K

$ 20K

$ 87K

$ 35K

$lOOK

$ 8SK

$ 43K

Pepger, R. L. (NUC)

Marine Mammal Behavior $ 37.5K

Pepper, R. L. (NUC)

Nutrition Support Studies $ 37.5K

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Electrophysiology of the Dolphin Cortex $ 60K

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Reproductive Capabilities of Bottlenose Dolphin $ 40K
165

Ridgway, S. H. & R. L. Pepper (NUC)

Screening Techniques for Marine D1ammals

Scronce, V. L ..(NUC)

Gray Seal Capabilities

sweeney, J. c. (NUC)

Open Ocean Diseases of Stranded Animals

2. Office of Naval Research

Beleau, M. H. (NUC)

Marine Mammal Bionosis

Norris, K. S. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Research on Behavioral Patterns and

Acoustic Emissions of Porpoises

Ray, G. C. & D. Wartzok (John Hopkins U.)

Telemetry and Acoustics of Pinnipeds

Schevill, W. E. & W. A. Watkins (wnOI)

Oceanic Biology (F~ient Noise, Cetological)

schusterman, R. J. (Calif. State U., HayYlard).

Mammal Underwater Acoustics

Winn, H. E. (U. Rhode Island)

Marine Bioacoustics and Bio-orientation

FY76 and TQ76

1. Naval Undersea Center

Evans, W. E. & V. Gurevich (truC)

Beluga Whale Capabilities

Evans, W. E. & S. H. Ridgway (~ruC)

Sonar Pulse Sources: A Study of

Structures and Function (Tursiops)

Gilmartin, W. G. & G. S. Cosgrove (NUC)

Marine Mammal Preventive Maintenance

and Therapy

Pepper, R. L. (NUC)

Marine Mammal Behavioral Studies

(Tursiops)

Rid~vay, S. H. (NUC)

Reproductive Capabilities of Bottlenose

Dolphins

$ SOK

$ 90K

$ 37K

$ 20K

$ 23K

$ 50K

$ 90K

$ 35K

$ 52K

$ 20K

$ 13K

$ 9SK

$ 60K

$ 60K
166

Rigdway, S. H. & W. E. Evans (NUC)

Living Sensor and Neural Processing

Technology

Scronce, B. L. (NUC)

Gray Seal Capabilities $llOK

Sweeney, J. C. (NUC)

Open Ocean Diseases of Stranded Marine Mawmals

2. Office of Naval Research

Evans, W. E. (NUC)

Cetacean Radiotelemetry

Ray, G. C. (Johns Hopkins U.)

Navy Environment: Swimmer/Diver Support

and Acoustic Interference: Marine !'lammal

Acoustic and Behavioral Capabilities

Ridgway, S. H. (NUC)

Marine Mammal Bionoses

Schusterman, R. J. (California State College,

Hayward)

Marine Mammal Visual and Acoustic

Behavioral Capabilities

FY76--$ 39.8K

TQ76--$ 9.3K

$ 50K

$ 20K

$ 37K

Schevill, W. E. & W. A. watkins (Woods Hole

Oceanographic Institution)

Biological Ambient Sea Noise, Bioacoustic

Behavior, and Distribution of Cetaceans

(Whales)

Winn, H. K. (U. Rhode Island)

Navy Envirolli~ent: Biological Sources

of Ambient Sea Noise: Bioacoustic Behavior

and Sensory Capabilities of Marine Mammals

FY77

1. Naval Ocean Systems Center (formerly NUC)

Beleau, M. H. (NOSC)

Prepared Ration Development

Gilmartin, W. G. (NOSC)

Automated Training by ElectronicallyGenerated Tones

$ 61K

$ 43K

$ 15K

$ 74K
167

Biorhythms in Captive Tursiops

Captive Breeding (Tursiops):

Artificial Insa~ination ~echniques

Fur Seal Conditioning and Echolocation

Assessment

Marine Mammal Preventive Medicine & Therapy

Trainability Assessment Test (Pinnipeds)

Ljungblad, D. K. (NOSC)

Comparison Hearing Threshold Techniques:

Behavioral Verses Physiological

Nachtigall, P. E. (NOSC)

Tursiops Behavioral Study: In-air

Matching-to-Sample

Tursiops Fish/Ration Motivation Study

Ridgway, S. H. (NOSC)

Acoustic Neural Processes (Tursiops)

$ 25K

$ 40K

$ 70K

$ 55K

$ SOK

$ 60K

$ 75K

$ 75K

$ 55K

Ridgway, S. H. (Hubbs-Sea World Research Institute)

Beluga Trainability and Hearing Thresholds $ 10K

Scronce, B. L. (NOSC)

Gray Seal Capabilities $ 10K

Turl, C. W. (NOSC)

Active Sonar for Sea Lions $ 74K

2. Office of Naval Research

Evans, W. (Hubbs-Sea World Research Institute)

Radio Tracking of Cetaceans Using Telemetry

Techniques

Gilmartin, W. G. (NOSC)

Marine Mammal Bionosis

Ray, G. C. and D. Wartzok (John Hopkins U.)

Telemetry and Acoustics of Pinnipeds

Shusterman, R. J. (California State U.--HaTNard)

Mammal Underwater ACoustics

Vedros, N. A. (Naval Biosciences Laboratory)

Host Parasite Interaction with Mammals

in a Marine Environment

$ 60K

$ 20K

$ 40K

$ 47K

$ 60K
168

Watkins, W. A. & W. E. Schevill (Woods Hole

Oceanographic Institution)

Marine Biological Sounds

Winn, H. E. (U. Rhode Island)

Bioacoustics and Behavior of Marine Mammals

FY78

1. Naval Ocean Systems Center

Gilmartin, W. G. (NOSC)

Trainability Assessment Test (pinnipeds)

(Hubbs-Sea World Research Institute)

Beluga Hearing Thresholds

(Hubbs-Sea World Research Institute)

Beluga Temperature Limitations

Fur Seal Ecolocation Assessment

Pacific Tursiops Hearing Thresholds

Fur Seal Deep Dive Evaluation

Marine Mammal Bionosis

Health Screening Techniques (pinnipeds)

Captive Dolphin Breeding

Dolphin Immunology (Erysipelas)

Leatherwood, S. J. (NOSC)

Purse Seine Acoustic Environment

Ljungblad, D. K. (NOSC)

Comparison Learning Threshold Techniques:

Behavioral vs. Physiological (Tursiops)

Ridgway, S. H. (NOSC)

Acoustic Neural Processes (Tursiops)

Gray Seal Echolocation Assessment

Vitamin A Metabolism in Dolphins

Porpoise Health Assessment by Sound

Production

$142K

$ 45K

$ 21K

$ 12K

$ 13K

$ 11K

$ 18K

$ 8SK

$ 37K

$ 10K

$ 18K

$ 20K

$ 48K

$ 20K

$ 60K

$ 30K

$ 7K

$ 25K
169

Turl, C. w. (NOSC)

Active Sonar for Sea Lions

2. Office of Naval Research

Cummings, W. (San Diego Museum of Natural History)

Analysis of Low Frequency Whale Sounds

Gilmartin, W. G. (NOSC)

Marine Mammal Bionosis

Ray, G. C. and D. Wartzok (John Hopkins U.)

Telemetry and Acoustics of Pinnipeds

Shusterman, R. J. (California State U., Hayward)

Mammal Underwater Acoustics

watkins, W. A. and W. E. Schevill (Woods Hole

Oceanographic Institute)

Marine Biological Sounds

Winn, H. E. (U. Rhode Island)

Bioacoustics and Behavior of Marine

Mammals

Vedros, N. A. (Naval Biosciences Lab, Oakland)

Host Parasite Interactions with Mammals

in a Marine Environment

FY79

1. Department of the Air Force

Jehl, J. R. and C. Cooper (San Diego State U./

Hubbs Sea World Research Inst.)

Baseline Study of Current Sources of

Behavioral Peturbation

2. Department of the Army

Bengtson, J. L. (U. Minnesota)

St. Johns River Manatee Study

3. Department of the Navy

a. Naval Ocean Systems Center

Flanigan, W. F. (NOSC)

Chemoreception in the Bottlenose Dolphin,

A First Look

$lIOK

$ 26K

$ 20K

$ 58K

$ 52K

$133K

$ 46K

$ 95K

$ 40K

$ 44K
170

Gilmartin, W. G. (NOSC)

Captive Dolphin Breeding

Marine Mammal Preventive Medicine

and Therapy

Hui, C. A. (NOSC)

Dolphin Bioenergetics

Nachtigall, P. E. and A. E. Murchison (NOSC)

Dolphin Behavioral Studies

Ridgway, S. H. (NOSC)

Signal Processing in Dolphins: Waveform

and Time Separation Features

Obtaining Healthy Marine Mammals

(Medical Screening)

- Stress Reduction in Marine Mammals

Scronce, B. L. (NOSC)

Fur Seal Capabilities

b. Naval Research Laboratory, Underwater

Sound Reference Detachment

Poche, L. B. (NRL)

Measurement of Echolocation Clicks of

Free-SwL~ing Dolphins

c. Office of Naval Research

Albert, T. A. and P. L. Edds (U. of Maryland)

Vocalization Study of Balaenoptera

Altes, R. (Orincon Corp., LaJolla)

Computer and Mathematical Analysis

of Dolphin Whistles

Cummings, W. C. (D. California, Scripps Inst.

of Oceanography)

~~alysis of Low Frequency Cetacean Sounds

Evans, W. (Hubbs Sea World Research Inst.)

Radio Tracking of Cetaceans Using

Tela~etric Techniques

Gilmartin, W. G. and S. H. Ridgway (NOSC)

Marine Mammal Bionosis

$ 85K

$ 89K

$ 63K

$234K

$ 65K

$ 58K

$ 35K

$ 88K

$ 20K

$ l2.4K

$ 6K

$ 35K

$ 13K

$ 30K
171

Hodgson, E. S. and R. Mathewson (Tufts U.)

Facilities Evaluation for Research on

Chemical Senses of Marine Mammals

Ray, G. C. and D. Wartzok (Johns Hopkins U.)

Telemetry and Acoustics of Pinnipeds

Schusterman, R. J. (California State U.,

Hayward)

Mammal Underwater Acoustics

Vedros, N. A. (Naval Biosciences Lab.)

Marine Mammal Diseases and Immunity

Watkins, W. A. and W. E. Schevill (Woods Hole

Oceanographic Inst.)

Marine Biological Sounds

Winn, H. E. (U. Rhode Island)

Bioacoustic and Behavior of Marine Mammals

-0-

$ 54K

$ 64K

$lllK

$165K

$ 48K
172

Department of Energy (former Atmoic Energy Commission and

Energy Research and Development Administration)

FY70

Baker, B. E. (McGill U.)

Radioactivity, Pesticide Residues, Contents, and

Constitution of Milk of Arctic and Sub-Arctic species

FY71-FY72

(No projects reported)

FY73

Seymour, A. H. et al. (U. Washington)

Distribution and Effects of Radionuclides in the

Marine Environment and Biota of a~chitka Island

and the Central Pacific Ocean

FY74

(NO projects reported)

FY7S

Tester, J. R. & Siniff, D. (U. Minnesota)

Vertebrate Behavior and Ecology: Application of

Radiotelemetry Technology to Selected Problems in

Vertebrate Censusing and Population Study

FY76

$ 18.3K

Tester, John R. & D. B. Siniff (U. Minnesota)

Vertebrate Behavior and Ecology (Sea Otter)

FY77

Eberhardt, L. L. (Battelle-Pacific Northwest

Laboratory)

Analysis of Natural Systems

Tester, J. R. and D. B. Siniff (U. Minnesota)

Vertebrate Behavior and Ecology

FY78

Eberhardt, L. L. (Battelle-Pacific Northwest

Laboratory)

Analysis of Natural Systems

$ 28K

$ SOK

$ 30K

$ SOK
173

Tester, J. R. and D. B. Siniff (U. Minnesota)

Vertebrate Behavior and Ecology

FY79

(No projects reported)

$ 30K
174

DeparD~ent of Health, Education and Welfare

FY70

Atassi, M. Z. (Wayne State U.)

Immunochemical Studies on HQrnan H~~oglobins

Freedman, D. X. et al. (U. Chicago)

LSD, Psycho,togenic Procedures and Brain Neurohumors

Jacobs, M. S. (New York Zoological Society)

Neuromorphology of Brain--A comparative Study

LUdowieg, J. J. (U. California, San Francisco)

Intervertebral Connective Tissue: Composition,

Structure

Norris, K. S. & G. W. Harvey (UCLA)

Studies of Echolocation Systems

Robin, E. D. et al. (U. Pittsburgh)

Adaptation to Oxygen Depletion

FY71

Atassi, M. Z. (Wayne State U.)

Immunochemical Studies on Human Hemoglobins

Elsner, R. W. (U. California, San Diego)

Circulatory Reactions to Asphyxia

Hanania, G. I. H. (~rnerican U., Beirut)

Heme-Linked Effect of Hemoglobin Reactions

Jacobs, M. S. (New York Zoological Society)

Neuromorphology of Brain: A Comparative Study

Kretsinger, R. E. (U. Virginia)

Comparison of Protein Tertiary Structure

Ludowieg, J. J. (U. California, San Francisco)

Intevertebral Connective Tissue Composition

Norris, K. S. (U. California, Los .~geles)

Studies of Echolocation Systems

Robin, E. D. (S tanford U.)

Adaptations to Oxygen Depletion

i-)urtnlan, R. J. (Hassachusetts Institute of Technology)

Sympathetic Nervous and Neuroendocrine Rhythm
175

FY72

Attassi, N. Z. et al. (Wayne State D.)

Immunochemical Studies Hemoglobins

Caldwell, D. K., H. Hollien & M. C. Caldwell (D. Florida)

Studies of Communication

Elsner, R. W., D. D. Hammond & B. A. Gooden (D. California,

San Diego)

Circulatory Reactions to Asphyxia

Gurd, F. R., P. Kein & R. C. Marshall (Indiana D.)

Structure and Reactivity of Proteins and Lipoproteins

Norris, K. S., G. W. Harvey & T. P. Dohl (D. California,

Los Angeles)

Studies of Echolocation Systems

Robin, E. D. et al. (Stanford D.)

Adaptations to Oxygen Depletion

Schwartz, H. C., T. J. Gribble & D. EQ~unds (Stanford D.)

Formation of Hemoglobin and other Hemeproteins

FY73

Buhler, D. R. & B. R. Mate (Oregon State D.)

Methylmercury Detoxification in Marine Ma~~als

Bullock, T. H. (D. California, San Diego)

Studies in Comparative Neurophysiology

Chen, R. F. (NIH Lab of Technical Development)

Fluorescent Complexes of Proteins

Gurd, F. R. & R. C. Marshall (Indiana D.)

Sturcture and Reactivity of Proteins and Lipoproteins

Lewis, D. J. et al. (Scripps Clinic Research Foundation)

Conversion Products of Growth Hormone and Prolactin

Robin, E. D. (Stanford D.)

Adaptations to Oxygen Depletion

Wick, A. N., R. P. Metzger & J. Guilmette (California

State D., San Diego)

Glucose Metabolism and the Reaction of Insulin

Wurtman, R. J., H. J. Linch & F. Larin (Massachusetts

Institute of Technology)

Sympathetic Nervous System and Neuroendocrine

Rhythm
176

.FY74

Atassi, M. Z. (Wayne State U.)

Immunochemical Studies on Human Hemoglobins

Behrisch, H. M. (U. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Hibernation and Enzymes

Bleier, R. (U. Wisconsin, Madison)

Cerebral Localization: Neuroanatomical Studies

Buhler, D. R. (Oregon State U.)

Methyl r1ercury Detoxification in 1-1arine Mammals

Bullock, T. H. (U. California, San Diego)

Studies of Comparative Neurophysiology

Caldwell, D. K. (U. Florida, Gainesville)

Studies of Communication

Gurd, F. R. (Indiana U., Bloomington)

Structure and Reactivity of Proteins and Lipoprotein

$ 22.4K

$ 13. 5K

$ 72 .1K

$ 29.3K

$1l5K

$ 38.1K

$144.3K

Irving, L. (U. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Marine Mammals by Coastal

Residents $ l3.5K

Leith, D. E. (Harvard U.)

Program Project in Respiratory Mechanics:

Comparative Mammalian Respiratory Mechanics

Lewis, U. J. (Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation)

Primary Structures of Growth Hormones and Prolactins

Miller, K. L. (U. Alaska)

Metabolism and Temperature Regulations of Marine

MaInmals

$104.1K

$ 20.7K

$ 13. 5K

Miller, K. L. (U. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Heterothermous Operations

of Nerves $ l3.5K

Morrison, P. R. (U. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Bioenergetic Aspects of

Physiology of the Sea Otter

Parkhurst, L. J. (U. Nebraska, Lincoln)

Hemoglobin and Myoglobin Kinetic Studies

$ 13. 5K

$ 46.3K
177

Turcotte, J. G. (U. Rhode Island)

Synthesis and Pharmacology of Renin Inhibitors

west, G. C. (U. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Utilization of Fat

Wever, E. G. (Princeton U.)

The Nature of Hearing: Hearing in Mammals

Wick, A. N. (California State U., San Diego)

Glucose Metabolism and Action of Insulin

willis, W. D., Jr. (U. Texas, Galveston)

Comparative Neurobiology: Neutral Adaptations

for Diving in Mammals

I'littenburg, J.. B . (Yeshiva U.)

Hemeprotein Interactions: Models of Sickle

Hemoglobin

FY75

Atassi, M. Z. (Wayne State U.)

Immunochemical Studies of Hemoglobin and

Myoglobin (Whales)

Bartlett, G. R. (Laboratory for Comparative Biochemistry, San Diego)

Red Cell Metabolism

Behrisch, H. M. (U. F~aska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Hibernation and

Enzymes

Bleier, R. (U. Wisconsin, Madison)

Cerebral Localization: Neuroanatomical Studies

Buhler, D. R. (Oregon State U.)

Methyl Mercury Detoxification in Marine

Mammals (Sea Lions)

Bullock, T. H. (U. California, San Diego)

Comparative Neurophysiology

Caldwell, D. K. (U. Florida, Gainesville)

Studies of Communication (Dolphin)

Cifonelli, J. A. (U. Chicago)

Biochemistry of Connective Tissues: Structure

of Heparin Sulfates and Heparin

Elsner, R. W. (U. Alaska)

Circulatory Reactions to Asphyxia

$ 43.1K

$ 13.5K

$ 32K

$ 64.6K

$ 45.2K

$ 58.7K

$ 61. 8K

$ 38K

$ 27.3K

$ 52.0K

S 32.5K

$142.7K

$ 38.1K

$ 43.7K

$ 72.2K
178

Gurd, F. R. (Indiana U., Bloomington)

Structure and Reactivity of Proteins

and Lipoproteins (Diving Mammals)

Irving, L. (U. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Marine M~mals by

Coastal Residents

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California, San Diego)

Physiological Basis of Pulmonary Disease:

Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of the Lung

Leith, D. E. (Harvard U.)

Program Project in Respiratory Mechanics:

Comparative Mammalian Respiratory Mechanics

Lewis U. J. (Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation)

Conversion of Growth Hormone and Prolactin

Merrifield, R. B. (Rockefeller U.)

Solid Phase Synthesis of Pep tides and Proteins

Miller, K. L. (U. Alaska)

Metabolism and Temperature Regulation of

Marine Mammals

Miller, K. L. (U. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Heterothermous

Operations of Nerves (Whales)

Morrison, P.R. (U. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Bioenergetic Aspects

of Physiology in the Sea Otter

Parkhurst, L. J. (U. Nebraska, Lincoln)

Hemoglobin and Myoglobin Kinetic Studies

Schwartz, H. C. (Stanford U.)

Extrauterine Grow~h and Development:

Hemoglobin Oxygen Transport (Pinnipeds)

Turcotte, J. G. (U. Rhode Island)

Synthesis of Renin Inhibitors and .~alog

Phosphatides

West, G. C. (U. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska: Utilization of Fat

wever, E. G. (Princeton U.)

The Nature of Hearing

Willis, W. D., Jr. (U. Texas, Galveston)

Comparative Neurobiology: Neural Adaptations

for Diving in Mammals (Sea Lions)

$110.1K

$ 27.3K

$ 59.7K

$109.1K

;; 89.8K

$125.8K

$ 27.3K

$ 27.3K

$ 27.3K

$ 48.6K

$ 19.2K

$ 39.1K

$ 27.3K

$191. 4K

$ 32.2K
179

Wittenberg, J. B. (Yeshiva D.)

Hemeprotein Interactions -- Models of Sickle

Hemoglobin (Whale)

Wurtman, R. J. (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

Sympathetic Nervous System and Neuroendocrine

Rhythms

FY76 and TQ76

Atassi, M. Z. (Mayo Medical School)

Immunochemical Studies on Hemoglobin and

Myoglobin (Whales)

Becker, R. R. (Oregon State D.)

Toxicology of Environmental Chemicals:

Mechanisms for Toxicity of Enviro~~ental

Contaminants (human, whales)

Buhler, D. R. (Oregon State D.)

Toxicology of Environmental Chemicals:

Accumulation of Environmental Contaminants

in Marine Mammals

Buhler, D. R. (Oregon State D.)

Environmental Health Sciences Center:

Accumulation of Environmental Contaminants

in Marine Mammals

Bullock, T. H. (D. California, San Diego)

Comparative Neurophysiology

Elsner, R. W. (D. Alaska)

Circulatory Reactions to Asphyxia (dogs, seals)

Fitch, W. M. (D. Wisconsin)

Heme Proteins--structure, Function,

Genetics (cfu~el, whale, human)

Gurd, F.R. (Indiana D.)

Proteins, Lipoproteins--Structure and

Reactivity (chicken, hlli~an, diving mammals)

Kooyman, G. L. (D. California, LaJolla)

Physiological Basis of Pulmonary Disease:

Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of the Lung

Leith, D. E. (Harvard D.)

Program Project in Respiratory Hechanics:

Comparative Mammalian Respiratory Mechanics

$ 54.5K

$ 49.2K

$ 48.3K

$ 24.2K

$ 24.2K

$ 66.7K

$ 65.6K

$ 78.1K

$ 41. 8K

$1l2.9K

$ 26.5K

$ 93.9K
180

Lewis, V. J. (Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation)

Conversion of Growth Hormone and Prolactin

Lewis, U. J. (Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation)

Primary Structures of Growth Hormones and Prolactins

Schwartz, H. C. (Stanford U.)

Extrauterine Growth and Development:

Hemoglobin Oxygen Transport (humans, pinnipeds)

Tinsley, I. J. (Oregon State U.)

Environmental Health Sciences Center:

Environmental Significance of Organo-Bromine

Compounds

Turcotte, J. G. (U. Rhode Island)

Synthesis of Renin Inhibitors and Analog

Phosphatides

$ 93.9K

$ 34.lK

$ 38.lK

$ 66.7K

$ 34.2K

West, G. C. (U. Alaska)

Zoophysiology in Alaska:

Fatty Acid and Essential

Composition

Wever, E. G. (Princeton U.)

The Nature of Hearing

variation in

Fatty Acid

$ 37.6K

$19l.7K

FY77

Atassi, M. Z. (Mayo Medical School)

Immunochemical Studies on Hemoglobin

and Myoglobin (whales)

Becker, R. R. (Oregon State U.)

Toxicology of Environmental Chemicals:

Mechanisms for Toxicity of Environmental

Contaminants (humans, whales)

Buhler, D. B. (Oregon State U.)

Toxicology of Environmental Chemicals:

Accumulation of Environmental Contaminants

in Marine Mammals

Buhler, D. B. (Oregon State U.)

Environmental Health Sciences Center:

Acclli~ulation of Environmental Contaminants

in Marine Mammals

$ 50.7K

$ 27.3K

$ 27.3K

$ 74.9K
181

Bullock, T. H. (U. California, San Diego)

Comparative Neurophysiology (sharks, rays,

seals, porpoises, sloths, etc.)

Fetterman, G. H. (Children's Hospital, Pittsburgh)

Study of Immature Kidneys by Microdissection

(human, rats, seal, beaver)

Gurd, F. R. (Indiana U.)

Proteins, Lipoproteins--Structure and

Reactivity (chicken, human, diving mammals)

Gurd, F. R. (Indiana U.)

Specific Enrichment of Myoglobins for

Carbon 13 NMR (Cetacea)

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California, LaJolla)

Physiological Basis of Pulmonary Disease:

Comparative Physiology (harbor seals and

California sea lions)

Linker, A (Veterans Administration Hospital,

Salt Lake City)

Structure and Function of Mucopolysaccharides (human, seals, snakes)

Schwartz, H. C. (Stanford U.)

Extrauterine Growth and Development:

Hemoglobin Oxygen Transport (human, pinnipeds)

Tinsley, I. J. (Oregon State U.)

Environmental Health Scineces Center:

Environmental Significance of Organobromine Compounds (marine animals)

West, J. B. (U. California, LaJolla)

Physiological Basis of Pulmonary Disease:

Morphometric Studies of the Lung (harbor

seals, California sea lions)

FY78

Atassi, M. Z. (Mayo Medical School)

Immunochemical Studies on Hemoglobin and

Myoglobin (whales)

Becker, R. R. (Oregon State U.)

Toxicology of Environmental Cha~icals:

Mechanisms for Toxicity of Environmental

Contaminants (human, whales)

Buhler, D. B. (Oregon State U.)

Toxicology of Environmental Chemicals:

Accumulation of Environmental Conta~inants

in Marine Mammals

$130.3K

$ 24.6K

$117.8K

$ 66.6K

$ 53.lK

$ 43.3K

$ 35.lK

$ 75.9K

$ 53.lK

$ 53K

$ 26.3K

$ 26.3K
182

Buhler, D. B. (Oregon State U.)

Environmental Health Sciences Center:

Accumulation of Environmental Contaminants

in Marine Mammals

Bullock, T. H. (U. California, San Diego)

Comparative Neurophysiology (sharks, rays,

porpoises, seals, sloths, etc.)

Gurd, P. R. (Indiana U.)

Proteins, Lipoproteins--Structure and

Reactivity (diving mammals, human, chicken)

Gurd, F. R. (Indiana U.)

Specific Enrichment of Myoglobins for

Carbon 13 NMR (Cetacea)

Howard, E. B. (U. Southern California)

NIEHS Marine/Freshwater Biomedical Center

Grant: Toxicologic, Immunologic Effects of

Environmental Contaminants (Marine mammals)

Kooyman, G. L. (D. California, LaJolla)

Physiological Basis of Pulmonary Disease:

Comparative Physiology (diving mammals)

Linker, A. (Veterans Administration Hospital,

Salt Lake City)

Structure and Function of Mucopolysaccharides (human, seals, snakes)

Tinsley, I. J. (Oregon State U.)

Environmental Health Science Center:

Enviro~~ental Significance of Organo-bromine

Compounds (marine animals)

West, J. B. (D. California, LaJolla)

Physiological Basis of Pulmonary Disease:

Morphometric Studies of the Lung (diving

mammals)

FY79

Atassi, M. A. (Mayo Medical School)

Immunochemical Studies on Hemoglobin and

Myglobin (whales)

Benirschke, K. (Zoological Soc. San Diego)

Biomedical Research Development Grant

(Viral Diseases and breeding in marine rna~als)

Berzofsky, J. A. (NCI, NIH)

Genetic Control of the Immune Response

to Natural Antigens (sperm whale myoglobin)

$ 78.5K

$134.7K

$123K

$ 70.3K

$ 13.3K

$ 62.7K

$ 42.7K

$ 78.5K

$ 62.7K

-0-

$lOOK
183

Elsner, R. W. (U. Alaska)

Comparative Pathophysiology of Myocardial

Ischemia (dog, seal)

Gurd, F. R. (Indiana U.)

Proteins, Lipoproteins--Structure and

Reactivity (chicken, human, diving mammal)

Specific Enrichment of Myoglobins for

Carbon 13 NMR (Cetacea)

Howard, E. B. (U. Southern California)

Marine Mammal Disease Surveillance Progrmn

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California, San Diego)

Physiological Basis of Pulmonary Disease:

Comparative Physiology (seal)

$ 76.6K

$128.6K

$ 74.1K

$ l3.5K
184

Department of the Interior

FY70

Burns, J. J. (Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

Marine EnviroD~ent Study

Repenning, C. A. (Geological Survey)

Cenozoic Vertebrates, Pacific Coast

FY71

Repenning, C. A. (Geological survey)

Cenozoic Vertebrates, Pacific Coast

FY72

Repenning, C. A. (Geological Survey)

Cenozoic Vertebrates, Pacific Coast

FY73

1. Fish and Wildlife Service

Burns, J. J. (Alaska DeparL~ent of Fish and Game)

The Biology and Ecology of Ice Inhabiting Spotted Seals

Hartman, D. S. (Manatee Research Project)

A Study of the Current Status of the Manatee in

Florida with Recommendations for its Conservation

Lentfer, J. W. (Alaska DeparL~ent of Fish and Game)

Polar Bear Distribution and Movements

Lentfer, J. W. (Alaska DeparL~ent of Fish and Game)

Polar Bear Age Determination Technique

Lentfer, J. W. (Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

Polar Bear Reproduction and Denning

Lentfer, J. W. (Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

Environmental Contaminants and Parasite in Polar

Bears of the Western Arctic

Schneider, K. (Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

Reproduction in the Female Sea Otter

Schneider, K. (Alaska DeparD~ent of Fish and Game)

Age Determination of Sea Otters
185

Schneider, K. (Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

Sex and Age Segregation of Sea Otters

2. Geological Survey

Repenning, C. A. (Geological Survey)

Cenozoic Vertebrates, Pacific Coast

FY74

1. Fish and wildlife Service (Total Funding $706K)

Johnson, Ancel

Intensive Studies of the Sea Otters and Other

Marine M~rnals in Prince willi~~ Sound, Alaska

Studies of Recently Established Sea Otter

Populations

Aerial Surveys of Pacific Walrus

Surveys of Walrus Harvests

Cooperative Survey of Sea Otters

Jones, Clyde

Population Surveys of the Dugong

Population Surveys of Manatees

Status Reports on Marine Mammals

Studies and Salvaging of Stranded Marine Mammals

• Environmental Pollutants in Marine Mammals

Lentfer, Jack

The Biology of Polar Sears of the Chukchi Sea

Alaska Coastal Denning Surveys of the Polar Bear

Polar Bears of the Pack Ice of the Arctic Ocean

Suwmer Distribution and Ecology of Polar Bears

F~alysis of Discreteness and populations of

Polar Bears

$ 37.9K
186

2. Geological survey

Repenning, C. A. (Geological Survey)

Cenozoic Vertebrates, Pacific Coast

3. National Park Service

Streveler, G. P. (Glacier Bay National Monument)

Harbor Seal Studies,

Glacier Bay

FY75

1. Bureau of Land Management

Norris, K.S. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Marine Mfu~al Baseline Study of Southern

California Bight

2. BLM/NOAA/OCSEp.P

Burns, J. J., F. H. Fay & L. H. Shapiro

(Alaska Department of Fish and Game)

The Relationships of Marine Mammal

Distributions, Densities and Activities

to Sea Ice Conditions--Bering and Beaufort

Seas

Fay, F. H. (U. Alaska)

Morbidity and t10rtality of Marine Mfu~als-­

Bering Sea

Fiscus, C. H. & A. Y. Roppel (NMFS/t*1FC)

Baseline Characterization of Marine M~mrnals

3. Fish and Wildlife Service

Walrus and Sea otter

Polar Bear

Sirenia

Pesticide & Heavy Metal

Analysis

Campbell, Howard

Population Surveys of Manatees

Johnson, Ancel

Intensive Studies of the Sea Otters and other

Marine Mammals in PrinceWillifu~ Sound, Alaska

$ 55.8K

$ 6K

$652K

$ 20.8K

$ 7.4K

$ 26.5K

$250K

$250K

$lOOK

$ 75k
187

Studies of Recently Established Sea otter Populations

Aerial Surveys of Pacific Walrus

Walrus Biology and Harvest

Behavioral and Biological Studies of the

Hawaiian Monk Seal

Jones, Clyde

Population Surveys of the Dugong

The Status of Marine Mammals

Studies on Environmental Pollutants in Marine

Mammals

Survey of Pest~cide and Heavy r1etal Residues

in Marine Mammals

Lentfer, Jack

The Biology of Polar Bears of the Chukchi Seas

Alaska Coastal Denning Surveys of the Polar Bear

Polar Bears of the Pack Ice of the Arctic Ocean

Summer Distribution and Ecology of Polar Bears

Analysis of Discreteness of Populations of Polar Bears

Radio Tracking of Polar Bears

Wilson, Don

Taxonomic Status of Alaska Polar Bear Populations

Section 110 Grants under Marine Mammal Protection Act

Alaska Depar~uent of Fish and Game

Alaska Walrus Studies

Odel~,K. K. (U. Miami)

Biology of the Manatee

Age Determination--Manatee

4. Geological Survey

Repenning, C.A. (Geological Survey)

Cenozoic Vertebrates, Pacific Coast

$ 40K

S 1.5K

$ 17.7K

$ 55.5K
188

5. National Park Service

Streveler, G. P. (Glacier Bay National Monument)

Harbor Seal Studies, Glacier Bay

FY76 and TQ76

1. Bureau of Land Management

Estes, J. A. (Fish and Wildlife Service)

Behavior and Reproduction of the

Pacific Walrus

Estes, J. A. (Fish and Wildlife Service)

Distribution of the Pacific Walrus

Katona, S. & H. Winn (Center for Natural Areas)

A Summary and Analysis of Environmental

Information on the Continental Shelf from

the Bay of Fundy to Cape Hatteras. Marine

Mammal Subtotal

Norris, K. S. et al. (D. of California)

Marine Mammal-Seabird Baseline Study of

the Southern California Bight. Marine

Mammal Subtotal

2. BLI1!NOAA!OCSEAP

Burns, J. J. (Alaska Depar~~ent of Fish and Game)

An Aerial Census of Spotted Seals, Phoca

vitulina largha

Burns, J. J. (Alaska DF&G)

Tropic Relationships &~ong Iceinhibiting phocid Seals

$ 6K

$ 10K

$1,029K

$ 18K

$ 60K

Burns, J. J. & T. J. Eley (Alaska DF&G)

The Natural History and Ecology of the

Bearded Seal, Erignathus barbatus, and the

Ringed Seal, Phoca (Pusa) hisPida

Burns, J. J., F. H. Fay, & L. H. Shapiro

(Alaska DF&G and U. Alaska)

The Relationships of Marine Mammal Distributions, Densities, and Activities to Sea

Ice Conditions

Fay, F. H. (D. Alaska)

Morbidity and Mortality of Marine Mammals

FY76--$106K

TQ76--$ 30K

$109.6K

$ 83.8K
189

Fiscus, C. H. & G. Y. Harry (NOAA/NMFS)

Abundance and Seasonal Distribution

of Marine Mammals in the Gulf of Alaska

Fiscus, C. H. & W. B. McAlister (NO~_~/NMFS)

Abundance and Seasonal Distribution of Bowhead

and Belukha Whales in the Bering Sea

Fiscus, C. H. & A. Y. Roppel (NOk~/NMFS)

Baseline Characterization of Marine

Mammals (Bering Sea)

Gentry, R. L. & W. B. McAlister (NOk~/Nl1FS)

Physiological Impact of oil on Pinnipeds

$ 56.6K

$ 38.3K

$ 81.7K

$ 91.5K

Hall, J. D. & M. F. Tillman (FWS & NOAA/N~~S)

A Survey of Cetaceans of Prince William

Sound and Adjacent Vicinity--Their Numbers

and Seasonal Movements TQ--~ 26.9K

Marquette, W. M. & G. Y. Harry (NOAA/N}~S)

Abundance and Seasonal Distribution of

Bowhead Whales and Belukha $ 49.8K

Pitcher, K. W. (Alaska DF&G)

Biology of the Harbor Seal, Phoca

vitulina richardi $ 65K

Schneider, K. B. (Alaska DF&G)

Assessment of the Distribution and Abundance

of Sea Otters Along the Kenai Peninsula,

Kamishak Bay, and the Kodiak Archipelago $ 11.lK

Schneider, K. B. (Alaska DF&G)

Distribution and Abundance of Sea Otters

in Southwestern Bristol Bay

Schneider, I. B. & K. W. Pitcher (Alaska DF&G)

Population Assessment, Ecology, and Trophic

Relationships of Steller Sea Lions in the

Gulf of Alaska

Ray, G. C. & D. Wartzok (Johns Hopkins U.)

Analysis of Marine 11ammal Remote Sensing Data

3. Fish and wildlife Servicel

--Campbell, H. (FWS, Florida):

Manatees--

Age Determination Studies on Florida Manatee

$ 10K

$157.1K

$ 12K

$139.9K
190

Effects of Vegetation Control Programs on

Florida Manatee

Biological Consequences of Manatee Uses of

Sanctuaries and Unprotected Environments

Study and Salvage Stranded Manatees and

Other Marine Mammals

Development of Manatee Tagging and Tracking

Technology

Definition of Manatee Habitat Requirements

and Assessment of Habitat Alterations

Basic Sensory and Physiological Parameters

as Related to Technical Needs

Marine Mammal Compatibility with Urbanization

Distribution Survey and Status Report on All

Manatee Taxa and Populations

Dugong--

Survey of Conservation Probla~s and Distribution

Annual Status Report

--Johnson, A. (FWS, Alaska):

Sea Otter--

Annual and Seasonal Distribution, Abundance,

and Composition of Populations of Sea Otters

and Other Marine Mammals in Prince William

Sound, Alaska

Distribution and Abundance of Recently

Established Populations

Biology and Management Needs for

California Sea Otter

Annual Status Report

Walrus--

Biological Activities of Pacific Walrus

Annual Status Reports on Pacific Walrus

and Atlantic Walrus

$ 33.9K

$lSi.2K

$112.8K
191

Hawaiian Monk Seal--

Biological Studies of Hawaiian Monk Seal

to Determine Status of Population

--Jones, C. (FWS, Washington, D. C.):

Studies of Environmental Pollutants in

Marine Mammals

--Lentfer, J. (FWS, Alaska)

Polar Bear--

Biology and Ecology of Alaska Coastal

Populations

Den Ecology and Distribution

Biological Parameters of Bears of Chuckchi Sea

Biology and Ecology of Bears of ~xctic Ocean

Summer Distribution and Ecology of Bears

Discreteness of Populations

Satellite Tracking of Bears

Development of Telemetry System for LongRange Monitoring of Movements and

Physiological Parameters

Predataion on Alaska Ice Pinnipe~ Populations

Parasites and Environmental contaminants in Bears

Estimation of Alaska Population Size and

Productivity

~~nual Status Report

3. Geological Survey

Repenning, C. A. (Geological Survey)

Cenozoic Vertebrates, Pacific Coast

4. National Park Service

$ 38.2K

/2

$4S1K

$ 48.4K

Jurasz, C. and V. Jurasz (Cooperative Park Studies

Unit, U. Alaska)

Ispecies projects funded during transition quarter in same

proportions as during FY76 but at 24 percent of their FY76 levels.

2Costs of studies on environmental pollutants were distributed

among all species ($lSK total) .
192

Humpback Whale Studies, Glacier Bay National

Monument

Streveler, G. P. (NPS, Glacier Bav National

Monument) Harbor Seal StudiesFY77

1. Bureau of Land Management

$ 11.2K

$ 6K

Fiscus, C. (NO~A!NMFS)

Alaska Pinnipeds $157K

Norris, K. S, B. LeBoeuf & G. Hunt (U. California,

Santa Cruz)

Marine Mammal-Sea Bird Survey of the

Southern California Bight (Total 1,029K)

(Marine Mammal Subtotal only) $900K

Reed, W. (Center for Natural Areas, South

Gardiner, ME)

Summary and Analysis of Environmental

Information on the Continental Shelf

and Blake Plateau from Cape Hatteras

to Cape Canaveral $199.9K

2. BU1!NOAA!OCSEAP

Burns, J. J. and T. J. Eley (Alaska Department

of Fish and Game)

The Natural History and Ecology of the

Bearded Sea, Erignathus barbatus, and the

Ringed Seal, Phoca hispida

Burns, J. J., F. H. Fay & L. H. Shapiro (Alaska

DF&Gl

The Relationship of Marine Mammal Distributions, Densities and Activities to Sea

Ice Conditions

Burns, J. J., L. F. Lowry & K. J. Krost (Alaska

DF&G)

Trophic Relationships Among IceInhabiting Phocid Seals

Fay, F. H. (U. Alaska)

Morbidity and Mortality of Marine Maromals

Fiscus, C. H., H. Braha~ & B. Krogman (NOAA!N~PS)

Bowhead and Beluga Whales in the Bering,

Chukchi and Beaufort Seas

$104.5K

$102.2K

$ 96.6K

$ 70. 4K

$ 8SK
193

Fiscus, C. H., H. W. Braham & D. J. Rugh (NOAA/NMFS)

Marine Mammals of the Bering and Southern

Chukchi Seas $109.5K

•

Fiscus, C. H., R. Mercer & H. Braham (NOAA/Nr~S)

Seasonal Distribution and Relative Abundance

of Marine Mammals in the Gulf of -Alaska

Hall, J. D. & M. F. Tillman (FWS & NOAA/N¥~S)

A Survey of Cetaceans of Prince William

Sound and Adjacent Vicinity--Their Numbers

and Seasonal 110vements

Kooyman, G. L. (Scripps Institute of Oceanography)

Effects of Oil pollution on Marine Mammals

Pitcher, K. W. & D. Calkins (Alaska DF&G)

Biology of the Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina

richardi)

Pitcher, K. W. & D. Calkins (Alaska DF&G)

Population Assessment, Ecology and Trophic

Relationships of Steller Sea Lions in the

Gulf of Alaska

3. Fish and Wildlife Service

--Sea Otter (and Marine Otter)--

Johnson, A. (National Fish and Wildlife Laboratory)

Annual and Seasonal Distribution, Abundance

and Composition of Populations of Sea Otters

and Other Marine Mammals in Prince willifu~

Sound, Alaska

Jameson, R. (NFWL)

Distribution and Abundance of Recently

Established Sea Otter Populations

Biology and Management Needs for California

Sea Otters

Estes, J. (NFWL)

Interactions Between Sea Otters and the

Nearshore Community

U. Washington Fisheries Research Institute

Nearshore Fish Coa~unities of

Attu Island ($18K)

$ 25. 2K

$127.2K

$ 59K

$ 60K

$145.5K

$175.2K
194

Siniff, D. (U. Minnesota)

Research and Investigations on California

Populations of Sea Otters ($5K)

Irons, D.

Sea Otter Community Interactions ($5.3K)

Staff (NFWL)

Annual Status Reports on Sea and Marine Otters

--Walrus-- $141.6K

Estes, J. (NFWL)

Ecological Relationships Among Icebreeding Pinnipeds

Reeves, R.

Survey Status of Atlantic Walrus ($6K)

Staff (NFWL)

.~nual Status Reports on Pacific and

Atlantic Walruses

--Polar Bear-- $353.lK

Lentfer, J. (~NL)

Biology and Ecology of Alaska Coastal Populations

Den Ecology and Distribution

Biological Parameters of Bears of Chukchi Sea

Biology and Ecology of Bears of Arctic Ocean

Summer Distribution and Ecology of Bears

Discreteness of Populations

Satellite Tracking of Bears

Parasites and Environmental Contaminants in Bears

Estimation of Alaska Population Size and Productivity

Impact of Resource Development on Bears and Their

Habitat

Handar Corporation

Development of Telemetry Systa~ for Long-range

Monitoring of Movements and Physiological

Parameters ($29K)
195

Gilbert, J.

Status of Ponulations and Population

Modeling ($2.5K)

Staff (NFWL)

Annual Status Report

--Hawaiian Monk Seal--

Johnson, A. and K. Kenyon (NFV1L)

Biological Studies to Determine Status

of population

Naftel, G. (Easy Rider)

Logistical Support for Seal Survey

(ship charter) ($40.4K)

$ 52.3K

--Manatees-- $175.2K

Campbell, H. and B. Irvine (NFWL)

Effects of Vegetation Control Programs on

Florida ~~anatee

Biological Consequences of Manatee Uses of

Sanctuaries and Unprotected Environments

Study and Salvage of Stranded Manatees and

Other Marine Mammals

Development of Manatee Tagging and Tracking

Technology

Definition of Manatee Habitat Requirements

and Assessment of Habitat Alterations

Basic Sensory and Physiological Parameters

as Related to Technical Needs

Marine Mammal Compatibility with

Urbanization

Distribution and Status of All Manatee

Taxa and Populations

Duplaix-Hall, N. (RARE)

Manatee Populations in Selected Areas of

South America ($4.5K)

Staff (NFWL)

Annual Status Reports

•
196

--Dugong-- $ l4.5K

Brownell, R. (NFWL)

Survey of Distribution, Status and

Conservation Problems

Auffenberg, W.

Survey Populations in the Philippine

Islands ($O.7K)

Staff (NFWL)

Annual Status Report

--Marine Harnrnal Tagging--

Staff (National Fish and wildlife Laboratory)

4. Geological Survey

Repenning, C. A. (Geological Survey)

Cenozoic Vertebrates, Pacific Coast

Whitmore (USGS/Paleontology and Stratigraphy)

Mesozoic and Cenozoic Paleontology and

Stratigraphy of the Atlantic and Eastern

Gulf Coastal Plain (cetaceans)

5. National Park Service

Hendrix, G. (Everglades National Park)

Logistic Support for Survey of Endangered

Wildlife (manatees)

Jurasz, C. and V. Jurasz (Auke Bay, ~K)

Ecology of Humpback Whales (harbor

porpoise, minke whales and killer whales

also)

Streveler, G. (Glacier Bay National Monument)

Harbor Seal Studies

FY78

1. Bureau of Land Management

Fiscus, C. (National Marine Fisheries Service)

Alaskan Pinnipeds

Kelley, J. (NARL, Barrow, Alaska)

Project Whales: Investigation of

Endangered Whales in Beaufort Sea Lease

!'.reas

$ 21.1K

$ 48K

$ 31. 2K

O.5K

$ 10K

$ 6K

$ 85K

$150K
197

Norris, K. S., B. LeBoeuf and G. Hunt

(U. California, Santa Cruz)

Marine Mammal-Sea Bird Survey of

Southern California Bight

Winn, H., R. Edel, S. Katona, R. Reeves,

J. Gilbert, C. Shoop and S. Kraus

(U. Rhode Island)

Characterization of Marine Mammals and

Marine Turtles in the Mid- and North

Atlantic Areas of the U.S. Outer

Continental Shelf

2. BLM/NOAA/OCSEAP

-0-

$1,454.8K

Braham, H. (ND~S/Dm~xC)

Resource Assessment: Abundance and Seasonal

Distribution of Bowhead and Beluga Whales--

Bering Sea $ 34.4K

Braham, H. and R. Mercer (NMFs/mvAFC)

Abundance and Seasonal Distribution of

Marine Mammals in the Gulf of Alaska $ 36.7K

Burns, J., T. Eley and K. Frost (Alaska Dept.

Fish and Game)

The Natural History and Ecology of the

Bearded Seal (Erignathus barbatus) and the

Ringed Seal (Phoca hispida) $125.4K

Calkins, D. and K. Pitcher (Alaska Dept.

Fish and Game)

Population Assessment, Ecology and Trophic

Relationships of Steller Sea Lions in the

Gulf of Alaska $155K

Fay, F. (U. Alaska)

Morbidity and Mortality of Marine Mammals

Fiscus, C., H. Braham and D. Rugh (ND~S/mvAFC)

Baseline Characteristics of Marine M~umals

in the Bering Sea

Hall, J. and M.F. Tillman (USFWS and NOAA/N~xS)

A Survey of Cetaceans of Prince William

Sound and Adjacent Vicinity--Their Numbers

andSeasonal Movements

$114K

$ 36.9K

$ 31.8K

Kooyman, G. (U. California, Scripps Inst.

Oceanography)

Effects of Oiling on Ta~perature Regulation

in Sea Otters $ 65K
198

Lowry, L., K. Frost and J. Burns (Alaska Dept.

Fish and Game)

Trophic Relationships Among Ice Inhabiting

Phocid Seals $112.2K

Pitcher, K. and D.' Calkins (Alaska Dept. Fish

and Game)

Biology of the Harbor Seal, phoca vitulina

richardii, in the Gulf of Alaska $ 50K

Shapiro, L., J. Burns and F. Fay (U. Alaska)

The Relationships of Marine M~mal Distributions, Densities and Activities to Sea

Ice Conditions

3. Fish and wildlife Service

--Sea Otter (and Marine Otter)--

Johnson, A. (National Fish and Wildlife Laboratory)

Annual and Seasonal Distribution, Abundance

and Composition of Populations of Sea Otters

and Other Marine Mammals in Prince William

Sound, AK

Jameson, R. (NTI~L)

Biology and Management Needs for California

Sea Otter

Estes, J. and G. Van Blaricom (NFWL)

Interactions Between Sea Otters and the

Nearshore CommQ~ity

U. Washington Fisheries Research Inst.

Nearshore Fish Communities of Attu

Island ($24K)

Siniff, D. (U. Minnesota)

Development and Field and Lab Testing of

Radio Telemetry Packages and Systems for

Sea Otters (and other marine ma%~als

under Interior's jurisdiction) ($59.9K)

Hardy, R. A. and J. Ames (California DeparLment

of Fish and Game)

Sea Otter Research (Federal

Assistance $93.7K)

Irons, D.

Sea Otter Community Interactions and

Problems in the California Area ($3.5K)

$ 68.6K

$379.6K
199

Bro,vnell, R. (NFWL)

Parasites and Environmental contaminants

in Sea Otters

staff (~~WL)

Annual Status Reports on Sea and Marine

Otters

--Walrus-- $ 52K

Estes, J. (N~NL)

Biological Activities of Pacific and

Atlantic Walruses

Brownell, R. (NFWL)

Parasites and Environmental Contaminants

in Walruses

Staff (NFWL)

Annual Status Reports on Atlantic and

Pacific Walruses

--Polar Bear-- $273.1K

Lentfer, J. and D. DeMaster (NFWL)

Biology and Ecology of Alaska Coastal

Populations

Den Ecology and Distribution

Biological Parameters of Bears of Chukchi Sea

Biology and Ecology of Bears of Fxctic Ocean

Summer Distribution and Ecology of Bears

Satellite Tracking of Bears

Estimation of Alaska population Size and

Productivity

Reproductive Biology of Populations

Handar Corporation

Telemetry Packages for Tracking and

Monitoring Bears ($22K)

DeMaster, D.

Analysis of Existing Bear Data and Field Research

at Radstock Bay, Devon Island, Canada ($9K)
200

staff (NFWL)

Annual status Report

--Hawaiian Monk Seal-- $ 52K

Johnson, A. (NP,VL)

Biological Studies

of population

to Determine Status

Naftel, G. (Easy Rider)

Logistical Support for Seal Survey

(ship charter) ($12.IK)

--Manatees-- $253.5K

Irvine, B. (NPWL)

Determination of Causes of Mortality and

Study and Salvage of Stranded Manatees

and Other Marine Mammals

Development of Manatee Tagging and Tracking

Technology

Definition of Ecosystem Relationships of

Manatees and Assessment of Effects of

Habitat Alteration

Basic Sensory and Physiological Parameters

as Related to Technical Needs

Basic Reproductive and Behavioral Characteristics

of West Indian Manatees

Influence of Warm Water Effluents on Manatee

Distribution and Mova~ents Fxound Selected

Powerplants

Distribution and Status of All Manatee Taxa

and Populations

Brownell, R. (N~vL)

Parasites and Enviro~~ental Contaminants

in rJ!anatees

Odell, D. (U. Miami)

Stranded Manatee Salvage and Flood-ControlDam Mortality Investigations in Southern

Florida ($15K)

Staff (NFWL)

F~nual Status Reports

--Dugong-- $ 13.IK
201

Brownell, R. (NFWL)

Distribution, Movements and Status of All

Dugong Populations

Parasites and Environmental Contaminants

in Dugongs

~~derson, P.

Distribution, Movements and Status of

Populations in Australia ($3.5)

Auffenberg, W.

Survey Populations in Philippine

Islands ($1.6K)

Staff (NFWL)

Annual Status Report

--Marine Mammal Tagging--

Hobbs, L. (NFWL)

Serve as Clearinghouse and Information

Center for Marine Mammal Tagging Operations

Stimulation of Research and Development

of Marine Mammal Tags and Techniques

Pinniped Tagging Workshop

(N~~S/FWS) (n~S share $8.7K)

4. Geological Survey

$ 19.4K

Whitemore, F. C. (Paleontology and Stratigraphy Branch)

Mesozoic and Coastal Paleontology ~nd Stratigraphy of the Atlantic and Eastern Gulf

Coastal Plain (cetaceans) $ 30.5K

5. National Park Service

Hendrix, G. (Everglades National Park)

Logistics Support for Survey of Endangered Wildlife (manatee)

Jurasz, C. and V. Jurasz (Auke Bay, AK)

Ecology of Humpback Whales (and other

cetaceans)

$ 0.5K

$ 3l.3K

Murphy, E. C. (Cooperative Park Studies Unit,

U. Alaska)

Reactions of Wildlife to Boating Activities

in the Kenai Fjords National Monument,

Alaska (harbor seals) $ 25K
202

Streveler, G. (Glacier Bay National Monument)

Harbor Seal Studies $ 6K

Woodhouse, C.

Study of

National

(Santa Barbara Natural History Museum)

Natural Resources of Channel Island

Monument (pinniped survey)

FY79

$ 2K

1. Bureau of Land Management

a. Alaska OCS Office

Kelley, J. (Naval Arctic Research Lab.)

Investigation of the Occurrence and

Behavior Patterns of Whales in the

Vicinity of the Beaufort Sea Lease Area $1,lS2.8K

Mate, B. (Oregon State U.)

Monitoring the Mova~ents of Whales in and

Adjacent to OCS Lease Areas $174.1K

b. New Orleans OCS Office

Fritts, T. H. (USFTtlS, Natl. Fish and wildlife Lab.)

South Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico Endangered

Species pilot Study $144.3K

c. New York OCS Office

Geraci, J. and D. St. Aubin (U. Guelph)

Study of the Effects of Oil on Marine

Mammals $1,038.1K

Lindner, E., S. Johnson, B. Gayles, and P.

Thompson (USN, NOSC)

Study of the Effects of Sound on Marine

M&~als $S12.7K

Winn, H., R. Edel and M. Hyman (U. Rhode Island)

Characterization of Marine Mammals and

Marine Turtles in the Mid and North

Atlantic Fxeas of the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf (FY79, 80, 81) $2,762.9K

d. Pacific OCS Office

Guess, R. (Cetaceans), K. T. Briggs (Birds) and

M. L. Bonnell (Pinnipeds)--(U. California, Santa

Cruz)

Marine M~~al and Sea Bird Study of Central

and Northern California $l,lSOK
203

2. BLM/NOAA/OCSEAP

Burns, J., T. Eley, and K. Frost (Alaska Dept.

Fish and Game)

The Natural History and Ecology of the

Bearded Seal and Ringed Seal $ 90K

Calkins, D. and K. Pitcher (Alaska Dept. Fish

and Game)

Population Assessment, Ecology and Trophic

Relationships of Steller Sea Lion in the

Gulf of Alaska $148K

Fay, F. (U. Alaska)

Morbidity and Mortality of Marine Mammals

Kooyman, G. (U. California, Scripps Inst.

Oceanography)

Effects of Oiling on Ta~perature Regulation in Sea Otters

Lowry, L., K. Frost and J. Burns (Alaska Dept.

Fish and Gai11e)

Trophic Relationships F~ong Ice

Inhibiting Phocid Seals

$ 52.7K

$ 59.7K

$122K

Pitcher, K. and D. Calkins (Alaska Dept. Fish

and Game)

Biology of the Harbor Seal, Phoca vitulina

richardii, in the Gulf of Alaska $ 50K

3. Fish and Wildlife Service

--Sea Otter (and Marine Otter) :

Johnson, A. (~qS/NFWL)

Annual and Seasonal Distribution, Abundance,

and Composition of Populations of Sea Otters

and Other Marine Mammals in Prince William

Sound, Alaska

Jameson, R. (FWS/NFWL)

Biology and Management Needs for

California Sea Otters

Estes, J. and G. Van Blaricom (FWS/N~qL)

Interaction Between Sea Otters and the

Nearshore Community

.$558.4K
204

Brownell, R. (FWS/NFWL)

Parasites and Environmental Contaminants

in Sea Otters

Determination of Status of Marine Otters

staff (FWS/NFWL)

Annual Status Reports on Sea and Marine Otters

Doyle, W. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Marine and Terrestrial Ecosystems and Habitats,

With Emphasis on Marine Mammals and Land Dse

Problems ($18K)

San Nicolas Island Survey for Baseline Data

and as Potential Sea Otter Translocation

Site ($109.9K)

Simenstad, C. A. (D. Washington Fisheries Research

Inst. )

Aleutian Nearshore Community Ecology--Sea

Drchin Growth and Fecundity ($13K)

Sinif£; D. B. (D. Minnesota)

Development and Field and Lab. Testing of

Radio Telemetry Packages and Syst$ns for

Sea Otters, Walruses, Polar Bears, and

Manatees ($62.6K)

Farley, T. (California Dept. Fish and Game)

Sea Otter Mortality Rates and Causes ($28K)

Interrelationship Between Sea O·tters and

Their Habitat ($28K)

Size, Distribution, and Movements of

California's Sea Otter Population ($58.4K)

Feasibility of Translocating Sea otters ($39.7K)

--Walrus: $14l.8K

DeMaster, D. (FWS/NFWL)

Biological Activities of Pacific and

Atlantic Walruses

Brownell, R. (FWS/NFWL)

Parasites and Environmental Contaminants

in Walruses

Staff (FWS/NFWL)

F~nual Status Reports on Pacific and Atlantic

Walruses
205

Doyle, W. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Round Island Walrus Survey ($17K)

Skoog, R. O. (Alaska Dept. Fish and Game)

Walrus Management Program ($53.7K)

--Polar Bear: $25lK

DeMaster, D. (FWS/NFWL)

Biology and Ecology of Alaska Coastal

Populations

Den Ecology and Distribution

Biological Parameters of Bears of

Chukchi Sea

Biology and Ecology of Bears of Arctic Ocean

Summer Distribution and Ecology of Bears

Estimation of Alaska Population Size and

Productivity

Reproductive Biology of Populations

Staff. (FWS/NFWL)

Annual Status Report

--Hawaiian Monk Seal:

Johnson, A. (~iS/NFWL)

Biological Studies to Determine Status

of Population

--tJ!anatee:

Rathbun, G. (FWS/NF,'IL)

Determination of Causes of Manatee Mortality

and Study and Salvage of Stranded Manatees

and other Marine Mammals

Development of Manatee Tagging and Tracking

Technology

Definition of Ecosvstem Relationships of

Manatees and Assessment of Effects of Habitat

Alterations

Basic Sensory and Physiological Parameters

of West Indian Manatees as Related to

Technical Needs

$ 31. 2K

$422.5K

•
206

Basic Reproductive and Behavioral Characteristics of West Indian Manatees

Influence of Warm Water Effluents on Manatee

Distribution and Movements ~Iound Selected

powerplants

Distribution and Status of All Manatees Taxa

and Populations

Brownell, R. (~~S/N~~L)

Parasites and Enviro~~ental Contaminants

in Manatees

Staff (FWS/}TI?WL)

Annual Status Report

Odell, D. K. (U. Miami)

Visual or Sound St~~uli (Scare Devices) to

Keep Manatees Away from Dangerous Man-Made

Structures (Floodgates and Navigation Locks)

($5.5K)

Forrester, D. (U. Florida)

Study of Parasites and Diseases of the West

Indian Manatee ($8K)

Odell, D. K. (U. Miami)

Study of Marine Ecosyste~s and Habitats,

With Special Reference to Manatees ($8K)

Siniff, D. B. (U. Minnesota)

Ecology and Behavior of the West Indian

Manatee in the St. Johns River, Fla. ($40K)

Magor, D. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Evaluation of Existing Manatee-Propeller

Guard Technology ($6.6K)

Odell, D. K. (U. Miami)

Upgrade Manatee Salvage in Florida ($18.7K)

Oberheau, J. (~~S, Jacksonville/U. Miami)

Evaluation of Physiological Responses of

Captive Manatees to Boat Noises ($17.6K)

Sinirf, D. B. (U. Minnesota)

Radio-Tracking Studies of West Indian

Manatees ($42.5K)
207

Odell, D. K. (U. Miami)

Effects of Dade County Automatic Flood Control

Gates on Manatees ($28.8K)

Rathburn, G. (FWS/NFWL)

Distribution and Movements of Manatees

Around Florida Power and Light Plant in

Merritt Island/Titusville Area, Fla. ($15K)

--Dugong: $ 13.7K

Brownell, R. (~flS/NFWL)

Distributions and Status of All Dugong

Populations

Parasites and Environmental Contaminants

in Dugongs

Staff (nqS/~1L)

&~nual Status Report

--Marine Mammal Tagging:

Hobbs, L. (~lS/NFWL)

Serve as Clearinghouse and Information

Center for Marine Mammal Tagging Operations

Stimulation of Research and Development of

Marine Mammal Tags and Techniques

4. Geological Survey

Whitemore, F. C., Jr. (USGS/Paleontology and

Stratigraphy Branch)

Vertebrate Biostratigraphy and Paleogeography, Atlantic and Gulf Coastal

Plain (fossil cetaceans)

5. National Park Service

Jurasz, C. and V. Jurasz (Cooperative Park

Studies Unit, U. Alaska)

Humpback Whale Studies, Glacier Bay

Streveler, G. P. (Glacier Bay National Monument)

Distribution, Population Ecology and Impact

Susceptability of the Harbor Seal in

Glacier Bay, Alaska

$ 33.9K

$ 20K

$ 39.8K

$ 6K
208

Department of State

FY70-FY77

(No projects reported)

FY78

--Bureau of Intelligence and Research and Bureau of

Ocean and International Environmental and Scientific

Affairs

Green, K. A.

The Role of Krill in the Antarctic Marine

Ecosystem

Bakus, G. J., W. Garling and J. E. Buchanan

(Tetra Tech, Inc., Pasadena)

The Antarctic Krill Resource: Propects

for Commercial Exploitation

FY79

Joseph, J. (Inter-~~erican Tropical Tuna Commission)

Porpoise-Tuna Investigations

$ 4.3K

$ 46.7K

$500K
209

Environmental Protection Agency

FY70-FY72

(No projects reported)

FY73

Martin, J. H. & D. K. Phelps (Moss Landing Marine Labs)

Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals by Littoral and

Pelagic Marine Organisms

FY74

Martin, J. H. (Moss Landing Marine Labs.)

Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals by Littoral and

Pelagic Marine Organisms

FY75

Martin, J. H. (Moss Landing Marine Labs.)

Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals by Littoral and

Pelagic Marine Organisms

FY76-FY79

(No projects reported)

$ 47K

$ 49.8K
210

Marine Mammal Commission (Established in FY74)

FY74

Ainley, D. G. (Point Reyes Bird Observatory)

Studies of Marine Mammals at the Farallon Islands

Chapman, D. G. & L. L. Eberhardt (D. Washington)

Review and Evaluation of Census Procedures for

Marine Mammals

Clark, W. G. (D. Washington)

Review of the Incidental Taking of Marine Mammals

Dohl, T. P. (D. california, Santa Cruz)

Remote Non-Lethal Marking Techniques for

Marine Mammals

Fay, F. H. (D. Alaska)

The Role of the Pacific Walrus in the Trophic

System of the Bering Sea

$ 5K

$ 35.6K

$ 3.5K

$ 5.3K

$ 38.7K

Fay, F. H. & J. J. Burns (D. Alaska)

Contributions to Studies of the Biology, Systa~atics,

and Taxonomy of the Genera Phoca (sensu stricto) and

Odobenus $ 7K

Kaufmann, J. H. & A. B. Irvine (D. Florida, Gainesville)

A Study of the Movements and Activities of the

Atlantic Bottlenosed Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) $ 23K

Kooyman, G. L. (D. California, LaJolla)

Pulmonary Function in wild and Captive Marine

Mammals $ 25.2K

Mead, J. G. (Smithsonian Institution)

Marine Mammal Salvage Program $ 15K

Norris, K. S. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

The Development of Techniques for Estimating the

Trophic Impact of Marine Mammals $ 25.1K

Odell, D. K. (D. Miami)

A Preliminary Study of the Ecology and Population

Biology of Bottlenose Dolphin in Southeast Florida $ 32K

Richardson, D. T. (Department of Marine Resources, Maine)

Abundance and Distribution of Harbor and Gray

Seals Along the Maine Coast $ 10.5K

Schmidlv, D. J. (Texas A & M D., College Station)

A Biological Assessment of the Cetacean Fauna

of the Texas Coast $ 7.9K
211

Vedros, N. A. & S. H. Madin (D. California, Berkeley)

Infectious Diseases of Marine Ma~~als

FY75

Ainley, D. G. (Point Reyes Bird Observatory)

Studies of Marine Mammals at the Farallon Islands

Anderson, F. R. (Environmental Law Institute)

A Study and Analysis of the Activities of the

United States Pursuant to Existing Laws and

International Conventions Relating to Marine

Mammals

Bertrand, G. A. (U. Wisconsin, Madison)

Study and F~alysis of the Meaning of the Term

"Optimum" in the Marine Mammal Protection Act

Chapman, D. G. & L. L. Eberhardt (D. Washington)

Review and Evaluation of Census Procedures for

!1arine Mammals

Chapman, D. G. & A. W. Erickson (D. Washington)

Workshop on the Killer Whales in Puget

Sound and Adjacent Waters

Clark, W. G. (~14ACOOI--Modification)

Clark, W. G. (U. Washington)

Study and Analysis of the Number of Porpoises

Killed or Seriously Injured Incidental to

the Commercial Yellowfin Tuna Fishery

DeLong, R. L. (U. California, Berkeley)

Study and Analysis of Marine Mammals on

San Miguel Island

Erickson, A. W. (D. Washington)

Population Studies of the Killer Whale in

the Eastern North Pacific

Fay, F. H. (D. Alaska)

The Role of the Pacific Walrus in the Trophic

System of the Bering Sea

Gard, R. (Colorado State U.)

Aerial Census, Behavior and Population Dynamics

Study of Gray Whales in Mexico During the

1974-1975 Calving and Mating Season

Geraci, J. R. (Ne'N England Aquarium)

Mass Strandings of Laaenorhvnchus acutus: A

Study into Life History and Pathobiology

S 25K

$ 6K

$ 30K

$ 1.6K

$ 27K

$ 2.5K

$ lK

$ 4.1K

$ 2. 5K

$ 35.4K

$ 31K

$ 14.4K

$ 24K
2·12

Gilmartin, W. G., J. C. Sweeney & M. H. Beleau

(Naval Undersea Center)

Effects of Certain Environmental Pollutants on

Pupping in the California Sea Lion $ 2K

Forslund, L. G. (Oregon State u.)

Social Behavior of the Harbor Seal, Phoca

vitulina richardi, in Oregon

Johnson, M. L. (U. Puget Sound)

Population Evaluation of the Harbor Seal (Phoca

vitulina) in the ~aters of the State of Washington

Kaufmann, J. H. & B. Irvine (U. Florida)

A Study of the Movements and Activities of the

Atlantic Bottlenosed Dolphin

Kooyman, G. L. (~~4AC012--Modification)

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State U.)

Aerial Censusing of Pinnipeds in the Eastern

Pacific for Assessment of Population Nlli~ers,

Migratory Distributions, Rookery Stability,

Breeding Effort, and Recruitment

Mead, J. G. (MM4AC007--Modification)

Miller, K. (U. Alaska)

Energetics of the Northern Fur Seal in Relation

to Food Resources and ClL~ate of the Bering Sea

Norris, K. s. (r£~4AC013--Modification)

Norris, K. S. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Field Testing of Whale Tracking and Data

Recovery Systa~s

Odell, D. K. (U. Miami)

Distribution and Abundance of the Bottlenose

Dolphin in Florida Waters

Odell, D. K. (U. Miami)

Bottlenose DolDhin lTu,-sioDs tru-'lcatus)

Assessment Workshop . -

Parker, K. (U. Washington)

Study and Analysis of the Effects of Incidental

Taking in the Course of the Commercial Yellowfin Tuna Fishery Upon Behavior of Affected

porpoises

$ 2.3K

$ 9.3K

$ 30. 7K

$ 0.9K

$ 40.5K

$ lK

$ 32.2K

$ 0.7K

$ 35.5K

$ 34.6K

$ 3K

$ lK
213

Pinkus, E. (Center for Law and Social policy)

Study and ~~alysis of the Activities of the

United States Pursuant to Existing Laws and

In~ernational Conventions Relating to Marine

Mammals

Pitcher, K. W., J. S. Vania & K. B. Schneider

(Alaska Department of Fish and Gfu~e)

Population Productivity and Food Habits of

Harbor Seals in the Vicinity of Prince

William Sound, Alaska

Pivorunas, A. (Bingham Laboratory)

A Study and Analysis of the Efforts to Reduce

the Mortality and Serious Injury of Porpoises

Incidental to the Commercial Yellowfin Tuna

Fishery and the Impact of Such Incidental Taking

Upon the porpoise populations

Ray, G. C. (Johns Hopkins U.)

Hauling-Out Behavior of the Pacific Walrus

Stone, P.

Evaluation of Current References, Resources, and

Development of an Effective Reference Resource

Mechanism for the Marine Ma~al Commission

Vandevere, J. E. (Monterey, California)

The Role of the. California Sea Otter in the

Trophic System of Its Environment

Wheelus, J. (Chevy Chase, Maryland)

Study and Analysis of the Regulations and

Permit Mechanism Implementing the Marine

Mammal Protection Act

FY76

Benirschke, K. & S. H. Ridgway (Zool. Soc. San

Diego & Naval Undersea Center)

Tursiops Breeding Workshop

Brownell, R. L. & C. M. Schonewald (Smithsonian

Institution)

Estimate of Recent Major Takings of

Marine Mammals

Chapman, D. G. (U. Washington)

&,alysis of Tuna-Porpoise Data

$ lO.6K

$ l7.7K

$ 3.7K

$ l7.4K

$ 4K

$ lS.3K

$ 4.8K

$ 9.8K

$ l7.9K

$ 12.4K
214

Cornell, L. H. & E. D. Asper (Oceanic

Research Institute)

Further Investigation into Appropriate

Cryogenic Marking Processes

Evans, W. E. & J. S. Leatherwood (Naval

Undersea Center)

Acoustic Characteristics of Nets

and Floats in the Water During Purse

Seine Fishing for Yellowfin Tuna

Gard, R. (U. Alaska, Juneau)

Aerial Census and a Population Dynamics

Study of Gray Whales in Baja California

During the 1976 Calving and Mating Season

Gilmartin, W. G., J. C. Sweeney, & M. H. Beleau

(Naval Undersea Center)

Effects of Certain Environmental

Pollutants on Pupping in the California

Sea Lion

Gonsalves, J. T. (Progressive Fishing

Enterprises)

Improved Device and Method to

Prevent Porpoise 110rtality

Katona, S. K. (College of the Atlantic)

The Gulf of Maine Whale Sighting Network

Kavanau, J. L. (U. California, Los &Dgeles)

Behavior of the Sea Otter, Enhydra lutris

Kooyman, G. (U. California, San Diego)

Development and Testing of a New, Low Cost

Method for ~lonitoring at Sea Behavior of

Marine Nammals

Leatherwood, J. S. (Naval Undersea Center)

The Comparative Utility of Some Aerial

Census Methods in Cetacean Stock Assessment

New England Aquarium (Boston)

Marine Mammal Strandings Along the New

England Coast: A Study into Pathobiology

and Life History

Norris, K. S. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Behavioral Studies Relative to the

Tuna-Porpoise Problem

$ 6.7K

$ 19.8K

$ 13. 4K

$ 12.2K

$ 29.7K

$ 2.5K

S 7.8K

$ 19K

$ 7K

$ 32.3K

$128.5K
215

Payne, R. S. (New York Zool. Soc. Center for

Field Biology and Conservation)

Assessment of Two Right Whale Populations

by Means of Aerial Censusing and Photogrammetry

Ray, G. C. (Johns Hopkins U.)

Identification and Preservation of Critical

Marine Mammal Habitats Within the Jurisdiction of the United States

Reeves, R. R.

The Impact of Human Activity on the Eastern

Pacific Population of Gray Whales (Eschrichtius

robustus)

Risenbrough, R. W. et al. (Bodega Bay Institute

of Pollution Ecology)

Population Biology of Harbor Seals in

San Francisco Bay, California

Waring, G. H. (Southern Illinois U.)

Analysis of Outer Continental Shelf

Development and Potential Impacts on

Marine Mammal Populations

Wilson, S. C. (Smithsonian Institution)

Management Implications of Social Behavior

of the Harbor Seal, Phoca vitulina concolor

Woodhouse, C. D. (Santa Barbara Museum of

Natural History)

A Summary of Knowledge of the Sea Otter

and an Appraisal of the Completeness of

Biological Understanding of the species

TQ76

Ainley, D. G. (point Reyes Bird Observatory)

Studies of Marine Mammals at the

Farallon Islands

Chapman, D. G. & M. Tillman (U. Washington)

Reassessment of Available Data on Antarctic

Sei Nhale Stocks

Dayton, P. K. (U. Californ~

Studies Toward the Understanding of the

Health and Stability of Some Sea Otter

Dominated Marine Communities

Green, K. A. (LGL Limited)

Further Development of an Ecosystem Model

for the Southern Ocean

$ 22.2K

$ 20.9K

$ 3.1K

$ 22.5K

$ 19K

$ 8.6K

$ 12.5K

$ 6.6K

$ 8.4K

$ 53.9K

$ 10K
216

Johnson, M. L. (D. Puget Sound)

Distribution, Population pynamics, and

Ecology of the Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina)

in the Waters of the State of \1ashington

Kavanau, J. L. (D. California, Los ~~geles)

Behavior of the Sea Otter, Enhvdra lutris

Pearse, J. S. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Ecological Benchmarks in Santa Cruz County

Kelp Forests Before the Re-establishment of

Sea Otters

Ridgway, S. H., W. F. Flanigan, & A. F. Langguth

(Naval Dndersea Center)

Investigation of a Potential 11ethod

for the Humane Taking of Certain

Marine Mammals

Schmidly, D. J. (Texas A & 11 D.)

The Population Biology of Tursiops truncatus,

the Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphin in the

Aransas Pass Area of Texas

FY7i

Ainley, D. G. and H. Huber (Point Reyes

Bird Observatory)

Studies of Marine Mammals at the Farallon Is.

Benirschke, K. (Zoological Society of San Diego)

Enhancement of Captive Dolphin Breeding Through

Hormonal Studies of Ovulation

Botkin, D. B. and M. J. Sobel

Concept of Optimum Sustainable Populations

of Marine Mammals

Chapman, D. G. (D. Washington)

Whale Statistics

Evans, C. D. (D. Alaska)

Study of Pending Federal Legislation Relating

to Proposed Wildlife Refuges and Other Special

Areas in the State of Alaska

Foster, M. S. (Moss Landing Marine Laboratories)

Baseline Studies of Subtidal Cow~unities Near

the Northern Extra~ity of the Sea Otter's

California Range

$ 11K

$ 5.5K

$ 23.5K

$ 9K

S 6K

$ 11. 7K

$ 21. 9K

$ 10K

S 29.5K

S 10K

$ 40.6K
217

Fowler, C. W. (Utah State U.)

Comparative Population Dynamics:

A Search for Management Criteria

Geraci, J. (New England Aquarium)

Marine Mammal Stranding Workshop

Gilbert, J. (U. Maine)

Assessment of the Status of Gray Seals

(Halichoerus grypus) in Coastal Waters

of the Northeast United States

Green, K. A.

Computer Model of the California

Current Ecosystem

Hui, C. A. (Naval Ocean Systems Center)

Reliability of Dentinal Age Determination

in Tursiops

Johnson, B. W. and P. A. Johnson

The Hawaiian Monk Seal on Laysan Island

Johnson, M. (U. Puget Sound)

Population Dynamics and Ecology of the Harbor

Seal (Phoca vitulina) in the State of Washington

Katona, S. K. (College of the Atlantic)

Identification of HQ~pback Whales from

Fluke Photographs

Mathisen, O. A. (U. Washington)

Techniques for Estimating Krill Abundance in the

Southern Ocean

Nafziger, J. A. R. (U. Oregon)

Developments in the Law of Marine M~~al

Management

National Technical Information Service

(Department of Commerce)

Document Registration and Distribution

of M.l\1C Documents

Naftel, G. and L. R. Taylor (Easy Rider Corporation)

Predation on the Hawaiian Monk Seal (Monachus

schauinslandi) by Large Sharks

Norris, K. S. and W. Stuntz (U. California,

Santa Cruz)

Study of the ·Passive" Behavior of

Spotted Porpoise (Stenella attenuata)

Captured During Commercial Purse Seine

Fishing for Yellowfin Tuna

$ 57.2K

$ 15K

$ lO.2K

$ 13. 5K

$ 9.9K

;; 20.2K

$ 17.7K

$ 7K

$ 14.5K

$ 7.4K

$ 3. ·'K

$ 13. 9K

$ 12.5K
218

Reeves, R. R. (Smithsonian Institution)

Marine Mammal Protection and Conservation Issues

Risebrough, R. W. (Bodega Bay Institute of.

Pollution Ecology)

Accumulation of Petroleum Compounds in

Harbor Seals in San Francisco Bay

Shallenberger, E. (Sea Life Park)

Humpback Whale Workshop

Shallenberger, E. W. (Manta Corporation

Status of Cetaceans in Hawaiian Waters

Smith, T. (U. Hawaii)

Study of Recently Developed Model of

Historical Abundance of Porpoise

Stone, P. S.

Marine Mammal Commission Reference Library

Swartz, S. L. (San Diego Society of Natural History)

Field Studies of the Gray Whale (Eschrichtius

robustus) in Laguna San Ignacio, Baja California

Tillman, M. F. (National Marine Fisheries Service)

Whale Logbook Workshop

Waring, G. H. (Southern Illinois U.)

Issues Affecting the Conservation and Protection

of Marine Mammals

$ 34.1K

$ 2.8K

$ 6K

$ lO.2K

$ 2K

$ 8.4K

$ 9.8K

$ 4K

$ 4.8K

Winn, H. (U. Rhode Island)

Comparative Evaluation of Aerial-Shipboard Techniques

for Estimating the Abundance of Humpback Whales $12.1K

FY78

Ainley, D. G. (Point Reyes Bird Observatory)

Studies of Marine Mfu~als at the Farallon

Islands, 1978 $ 7.1K

Ainley, D. G. and S. Allen (Point Reyes Bird Observatory)

The Possible Effects of Human Activities on Harbor

Seals in Bolinas Lagoon, California $ 5.2K

Balcomb, K. (Moclips Cetological Society)

Studies of Killer Whale Pods in Puget Sound

Breiwick, J. (U. Washington)

An Analysis of Data Relating to the Western

.~ctic Population of Bowhead Whales

$ 7.9K

$ 6.7K
219

Dayton, Po Ko (D. California)

Studies Toward the Understanding of the

Health and Stability of Some Sea Otter

Dominated Marine Communities

Studies of Sea Otter-Dominated Marine

Cowmunities: Part II

DeBeer, J.

Implementation of a Major Research Program

on the Incidental Taking of Porpoise in the

Course of Commercial Yellowfin Tuna Fishing

Operations

Fay, F. (U. Alaska)

Marine Ma~rnal-Fishery Interactions on the

Copper River and Prince William Sound, Alaska

$ 9.4K

$ 40.5K

$ 67.4K

$ 39.2K

Report of Eskimo Whaling Conference Relating

to Taking and Use of Walrus by Alaskan

Eskimos $ lK

Foote, K. (U. Washington)

Statistical Analysis of Data on Pregnancy

Rates of Sperm and Sei Whales

Fowler, C. W. (Utah State Uo)

Comparative Population Dynamics: A Search

for Management Criteria

Certain Aspects of the Data and Models Used

to Estimate the Abundance of North Pacific

Sperm Whales

Workshop on Marine Mammal Management

Policies and Practices

Green, K. A.

Computer Model of the California Current

Ecosystem

Review and Analysis of the Fishery Conservation

Management Act a~d Regional Fishery Management

Plans with Respect to the Conservation of Marine

M~rnals and Their Habitats

Horsmann, J 0 (SEACO, Inc.)

Consultation on /1arine Mammal Protection

and Conservation Issues

$ O.lK

$ 3.3K

$ 16K

$ 4.2K

$ 1.1K

$ 14.9K

$ l6.8K
220

Johnson, B. W. and P. A. Johnson

The Hawaiian Monk Seal on Laysan Island: 1978

Johnson, M. L. (Puget Sound Museum of Natural

History)

Research Plan for Marine Mammal-Fishery

Conflicts in Washington and Oregon

Katona, S. K. (College of the Atlantic)

Identification of Humpback Whales from

Fluke Photographs

Leatherwoord, J. S. (Naval Ocean Systems Center)

Aerial Survey of Tursiops Populations in

Texas Coastal Waters

Llano, G. A.

Paper on Conservation of Living Resources

of the Southern Ocean

Mate, B. R. (Oregon State D.)

Workshop on Marine Mammal-Fishery Interaction

National Technical Information Service

(DeparD~ent of Commerce)

Document Registration and Distribution

of ~~C Documents

Perkins, P.L.

Finalization of National Marine Mammal

Research Plan Developed by the Marine

Mammal Commission

Perrin, W. F. (National Marine Fisheries Service)

Workshop on Determining Age of Odontocete

Cetaceans

Prescott, J. (New England Aquarium)

The North American Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena

phocoena) in the Northwest Atlantic

Ray, G. C. (John Hopkins D.)

Identification and Preservation of Critical

Marine Mammal Habitats within the Jurisdiction

of the Dnited States

$ 25.8K

$ 2.7K

$ 0.9K

$ 1.9K

$ 4K

$17.4K

$ 1.5K

$ 3.1K

$ 10K

$ 7.8K

$ 9.4K

Walrus Conference

Richardson, J. R.

Program). ~s~mo

(Rural Alaska Community Action

$ 4K

Schrnidly, D. J. (Texas A&M D.)

The Population Biology of Tursiops truncatus,

The Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphin in the Arkansas

Pass Area of Texas $ 0.5K
221

Shallenberger, E. W. (Manta Corporation)

The Status of Cetaceans in Hawaiian Waters

Sherman, S. C. (Brown D.)

World Inventory of Whaling Logbooks and

Journals

Swartz, S. L. (San Diego Society of Natural History)

Evaluation of Human Activities on Gray Whales

in Laguna San Ignacio, Baja California

Winn, H. (U. Rhode Island)

Comparative Evaluaton of Aerial-Shipboard

Techniques for Estimating the Abundance of

Humpback Whales

Wray, P. (Endangered Species Productions, Inc.)

Report on Workshop on the West Indian Manatee

FY79

Ainley, D. G. (Pt. Reyes Bird Observatory)

Study of Northern Elephant Seals of

Farallon Islan.ds

Beddington, J. (D. York)

Report on the Status of the North

Atlantic Harp Seal

Branson, J. H. (North Pacific Fishery Mgmt. Council)

The Collection and Analysis of Data and the

Development of Methods to Most Effectively

Conserve Fishery and Marine Mammal Resources

Clark, W. (U. Washington)

Population Analysis of the Great Whales

Fay, F. H. CU. Alaska)

Monographic Manuscript on the Pacific

Walrus

Johnson, B. and P. Johnson (National Marine

Fisheries Service)

Endangered Seal Studies (transfer of

funds to NMFS)

Norris, K. S. and B. Ramirez-Villa (D. California,

Santa Cruz)

Status of Phocena sinus, the Gulf of

California Harbor Porpoise

$ O.7K

$ 3.7K

$ 20.6K

$ 20.5K

$ O.8K

$ 10K

$ 19.1K

$ l2.5K

$ 70.9K

$ 20K

$ 10K

$ lO.lK
222

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

FY70-FY72

(No projects reported)

FY73

Klein, H. P. (&~es Research Center)

Biologic and Behavioral Mechanisms in Animal

Navigation and Orientation

FY74

Ray, G. C. & D. Wartzok (Johns Hopkins U.)

Marine Mammal Mass Tagging

FY75

Ray, G. C. & D. Wartzok (John Hopkins U.)

Bering Sea Marine Mammal Experiment

FY76 and TQ76

$ 45K

$lOOK

Ray, G. C., D. Wartzok, & P. Sebesta

(Johns Hopkins U. & Ames Res. Center)

Bering Sea Marine Mammal Experiment

FY77

(No cost extension)

Michelson, R. C., B. Irvine & L. Keene (Georgia

Institute of Technology)

Manatee Tracking Project--Develop a Concept

of an Automatic Tracking System to Determine

the Location and Movements of Manatees

Ray, G. C., D. Wartzok and P. Sebesta (Johns Hopkins

U. and NASA/Ames Research Center)

Bering Sea Marine Mammal Experiment

FY78

Michelson, R. C., B. Irvine and L. Keene (Georgia

Institute of Technology)

Manatee Tracking Project: Develop a Concept

of an Automatic Tracking System to Determine

the Location and Movement of Manatees

Ray, G. C., D. Wartzok and P. Sebesta (Johns Hopkins

U. and NASA &~es Research Center)

Bering Sea Marine Mw~al Experiment

$ 50K

-0-

$ 15K

$ 50K
(No projects reported)

223

FY79
224

National Science Foundation

FY70

Cummings, W. C. (NUC)

Bioacoustics and Relative Behavior of Subantarctic Cetaceans

Elsner, R. W. (U. California, San Diego)

Temperature Regulation in the newborn

Weddell Seal

Erickson, A. W. & D. B. Siniff (U. Minnesota)

Status and Population Dynamics of Antarctic Seals

Gilmore, R. M. (San Diego Society of Natural History)

Population, Distribution, and Behavior of Whales in

Antarctic Waters

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California, San Diego)

Biology of Deep Diving in Antarctic Birds and Mammals

LeBoeuf, B. J. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Ethological Studies of the Northern Elephant Seal

Muller-Schwarze, D. (Utah State U.)

Anti-Predator and Social Behavior of a Adelie Penguins

Paine, R. T. (U. Washington)

Effects of Seal and Fish Predation on Antarctic

Benthic Communities

Whittow, G. C. (U. Hawaii)

Physiology of Thermoregulation

FY71

Bartholomew, G. A. (U. California, Los Angeles)

Ecological Physiology and Behavior

Cummings, W. C. (Naval Undersea Center)

Bioacoustics and Related Behavior of Subantarctic

Cetaceans

Felts, W. J. L. (U. Oklahoma)

Anatomonical, Histological and Neuroanatomical

Study of Antarctic Seals

Howe, S. (Conservation Foundation)

International Conference on the Biology of Whales
225

LeBoeuf, B. J. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Ethological Studies of the Northern Elephant Seal

Muller-Schwarze, D. (Utah State U.)

Anti-Predator and Social Behavior in Adelie Penguins

Murbaugh, H. B. Jr. (Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory)

Comparative Studies of Renal and Cardiovascular Function

Whittow, G. C. (U. Hawaii)

Behavioral Thermoregulation in Marine Mammals

FY72

Benson, A. A. (U. California, San Diego)

Support for Research Vessel, Alpha Helix

Cummings, W. C. (NUC)

Bioacoustics and Related Behavior of Subantarctic

Cetaceans

Elsner, R. W. (U. California, San Diego)

Temperature Regulation in the ~ewborn Weddell Seal

Erickson, A. W. et al. (U. Idaho)

Population Studies of F~tarctic Seals--Census

and Reproductive Biology

Felts, W. J. (U. Oklahoma)

F~ Anatomical, Histological, and Neuroanatomical

Study of Antarctic Seals

Herman, L. M. (G. Hawaii)

Sensory and Learning-Memory Processes in the Dolphin

Howe, S. (Conservation Foundation)

International Conference in the Biology of Whales

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California, San Diego)

Biology of Deep Diving in Antarctic Birds and Mammals

LeBoeuf, B. J. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Ethological Studies of the Northern Elephant Seal

Litchfield, C. (Rutgers)

The Acoustical Function of Lipids in Odontocete

Echolocation

Murdaugh, E. V. (Mount Desert Island Biological Lab)

Comparative Studies of Renal and Cardiovascular Function
226

Norris, K. S. (U. California, Los F~geles)

Marine Mammalogy--Doctoral Dissertation Research

Pierce, R. W. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Comparative Study of Physiological Adaptations of

Marine MaJr.rnals

Siniff, D. B. (U. Minnesota)

Population Studies of Antarctic Seals--Modeling and

Regulatory Biology

Vangelder, R. G. (American Museum of Natural History)

Operational Support for the Mammalogy Collection

Whittow, G. C. (U. Hawaii)

Behavioral Thermoregulation in Marine Mammals

White, F. N. (U. California, Los Angeles)

Circulatory Regulation in Vertebrates

FY73

Erickson, A. W. et al. (U. Idaho)

Population Studies of Antarctic Seals--Census and

Reproductive Biology

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California, San Diego)

Biology of Deep Diving in Antarctic Birds and Mammals

Muller-Schwarze, D. (Utah State U.)

Anti-Predator and Social Behavior in Adelie Penguins

Pierce, R. W. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Comparative Study of Physiological Adaptations of

Marine Mammals

Siniff, D. B. (U. Minnesota)

Population Studies of Antarctic Seals--Modeling

and Regulatory Biology

FY74

Brownell, R. L. (Smithsonian Institution)

Ecology and Life History of the Franciscana

Dolphin

Bullock, T. H. (U. California, LaJolla)

Neuronal Integrative Mechanisms and Their

Organization in Useful Systems

Erickson, A. W. (U. Idaho)

Environmental Factors in the Distribution

of Seals in the Antarctic Pack Ice

$ S.8K

$ 71. 7K

$ 56.1K
227

Felts, W. J. L. (D. Oklahoma)

An Anatomical, Histological and Neuroanatomical Study of Antarctic Seals

Herman, L. H. (D. Hawaii)

Sensory and Learning-Memory Processes in the

Dolphin

Kooyman, G. L. (D. California, San Diego)

Data Analysis of Antarctic Penguin and Seal

Studies

LeBoeuf, B. J. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Ethology of the Northern Elephant Seal,

Mirounga angustirostris

Litchfield, C. (Rutgers D.)

Acoustical Function of Lipids in Odontocete

Etholocation

Norris, K. S. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Laser Branding of Marine Mammals

Norris, K. S. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Peripheral Sound Processing in Porpoises

Siniff, D. B. (D. Minnesota)

Status and Population Dynamics of Antarctic

Seals

South, F. E. (D. ~1issouri, Columbia)

Physiology of Sleep and ThermoregUlation

in the California Sea Lion

FY75

Bullock, T. H. (D. California, LaJolla)

Neuro~al Integrative Mechanisms and Their

Organization in Useful Systems

Dawson, W. W. (D. Florida)

Behavioral Evaluation of Feline Vision as

a Model for Human Strabismic Ambloypia

Erickson, A. W. (D. Washington)

Environmental Factors in the Distribution

of Seals in the Antarctic Pack Ice

Herman, L. M. (U. Hawaii)

Sensory and Learning M~~ory Processes in

the Dolphin

$ 58.6K

$ 54.3K

$ 5.7K

$ 27.9K

$ 45K

$ 11. 6K

$ 65K

$ 69.7K

$ 50K

$ 75.2K

$ 5.4K

$ 48.8K

$ 55.6K
228

LeBoeuf, B. J. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Ethology of the Northern Elephant Seal,

Mirounga angustirostris

Murrish, D. E. (Case Western Reserve 0.)

Cardiovascular Dynamics in Antarctic Homeotherms

Siniff, D. G. (U. Minnesota)

Status and Population Dynamics of Antarctic Seals

FY76 and T076

$ 25.9K

$ l5.2K

$ 66.7K

Awbrey, F. T. (San Diego State 0.)

Study of Acoustical Factors Affecting

Porpoise Mortality in Tuna Fishing

Brownell, R. L. (Smithsonian Institution)

Stock Assessment of Antarctic Minke Whales

Bullock, T. H. (0. California, San Diego)

Neuronal Integrative Mechanisms

Dawson, W. W. (D. Florida)

Vision in Dolphins and Other Cetaceans

Herman, L. M. (0. Hawaii)

Sensory and Learning-Memory Processes

in the Dolphin

LeBoeuf, B. J. (U.-California, Santa Cruz)

Ethology of the Northern Elephant Seal

(Mirounga angustirostris)

Norris, K. S. (0. California, Santa Cruz)

Peripheral Sound Processing in Porpoises

Siniff, D. F. (U. Minnesota)

Colony Behavior of Antarctic Marine

Mammals

Siniff, D. B. (0. Minnesota)

Studies of Biota of &~tarctic Pack Ice

TQ76--$1l9.6K

$ 21. 5K

FY76-$ 76.9K

TQ76-$ 70K

FY76-$ 35K

TQ76-$ 39.1K

FY76-$ 15K

TQ76-$ 5K

$ 27.2K

FY76-$ 30K

TQ76-$ 10K

FY76-$ 50.8K

TQ76-$ 42.4K

FY76-$ 28.2K

TQ76-$ 44.1K
229

Zapol, W. M. (Massachusetts General Hospital)

The Cardiovascular and Metabolic Response

to Diving and Endocrinology of the Gravid

Near-Term Weddell Seal TQ76--$ 75.6K

FY77 "

Awbrey, F. T. (San Diego State D.)

Acoustical Factors Affecting Porpoise Mortality

in Tuna Fishing $ 97.lK

Dawson, N. W. (D. Florida)

Vision in Dolphins and Other Cetaceans $ 39.1K

Herman, L. M. (D. Hawaii)

Sensory and Learning-Memory Processes in the

Dolphin $ 7.8K

Jonkel, C. J. and B. O'Gara (D. Montana)

Environmental and Ecological Studies of High Arctic

Mammalian Habitat and Food Chains Affected by

Development $300K

Kooyman, G. L. (D. California, San Diego)

Comparative Aquatic Biology of Antarctic Endotherms $ 74.7K

LeBoeuf, B. J. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Biological Studies of the Northern Elephant Seal $ 33.1K

Morgane, P. J. (Worcester Foundation for Experimental

Biology, Shrewsbury, MA)

Archicortical-Limbic Formations of Dolphin

Brain $ 39.8K

Norris, K. S. (D. California, Santa Cruz)

Peripheral Sound Processing in Porpoises $ 29.3K

Siniff, D. B. (D. Minnesota)

Studies of Biota of &~tarctic Pack Ice $ 50K

Siniff, D. B. and D. P. DeMaster (D. Minnesota)

Colony Behavior of .~tarctic Marine Mammals $ 48K

FY78

Dawson, W. W. (D. Florida)

Vision in Dolphins and Other Cetaceans

Erickson, A. W. (U. Washington)

An Assimilative F~alysis of Census Data

on Antarctic Seals, 1967-1974

Herman, L. M. (U. Hawaii, Manoa)

Dolphin Information-Processing Capabilities

$ 39K

$ 50.3K

$ 53.8K
230

Behaviors and Social Organization of

Humpback Whales in Hawaiian Waters

Jehl, J. R. and W. E. Evans (Hubbs-Sea World

Research Institute)

Distribution and Ecology of Orcinus and

Globicephala in the Antarctic and

Adjacent Waters

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California, San Diego)

Comparative Aquatic Biology of Antarctic

Endotherms

LeBoeuf, B. J. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Biological Studies of the Northern

Elephant Seal

Siniff, D. B. and D. P. DeMaster (U. Minnesota)

Colony Behavior of Antarctic Marine Mammals

FY79

Evans, W. E. and J. R. Jehl (Hubbs-Sea World

Reasearch Inst.)

Distribution and Ecology of Orcinus and

Globicephala in the .~tarctic and Adjacent

Waters

Herman, L. M. (U. Hawaii, Manoa)

Dolphin Information-Processing Capabilities

Behaviors and Social Organization of Humpback

Whales in Hawaiian Waters

• Jonkel, C. J. (U. Montana)

Environmental and Ecological Studies of High

Arctic Mammalian Habitat and Food Chains

Affected by Development

Kooyman, G. L. (U. California, Scripps Inst. of

Oceanography)

Aquatic Biology of South Georgia

Endotherms

LeBoeuf, B. J. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Biological Studies of the Northern Elephant

Seal

McWhinnie, M. A. (DePaul U.)

Biological Investigations of Antarctic Krill

Morgane, P. J. (Worcester Foundation for

ExperLuental Biology)

Archicortical-Limbic Formations of

Dolphin Brain

$ 39.7K

$ 30.6K

$ 29.6K

$ 31. 8K

$ 59.4K

$ 38.4K

$ 42.9K

$ 40.2K

$ 22.6K

$ 34.6K

$ 41. 2K

$ 25.6K

$ 42.4K
231

Norris, K. S. (U. California, Santa Cruz)

Behavior of the Hawaiian Spinner Dolphin

Siniff,' D. B. (U. Minnesota)

The Role of the Leopard Seal in the Antarctic

Marine Ecosystem

The Development of Satellite Tracking and

Automatic Position/Activity Monitoring for

Selected Antarctic Vertebrates

$ 24K

$ 70.4K

$ 97K
232

Smithsonian Institution

FY70-FY71

(No projects reported)

FY72

Handley, C. o. (Smithsonian Institution)

Marine Mammal Program

FY73

Mead, J. G. (Smithsonian Institution)

Marine Mammal Program

Ray, C. E. (Smithsonian Institution)

Studies in the Evolution of the Pinnipedia

FY74

Mead, J. G.

Aspects of the Biology of the Short-Finned

Pilot Whale

F~~ctional Anatomy of the Facial Region of

Cetaceans

Survey of Distribution of Cetaceans in the

Western North Atlantic Based on Stranding Data

Ray, C. E.

Studies in the Evolution of Pinnipedia

•

FY75

Mead, J. G.

Aspects of the Biology of the Short-Finne1

pilot Whale

Functional Anatomy of the Facial Region of

Cetaceans

Survey of Distribution of Cetaceans in the

West North Atlantic Based on Stranding

Data

Ray, C. E.

Studies in the Evolu tion of Pinnipedia

$ 19K

$ 79.5K

$ 28.3K

$ 51. 8K
233

FY76 and TQ76

Mead, J. G. (Smithsonian Institution)

Marine Mammal Program

Ray, C. (Smithsonian Institution)

Studies in the Evolution of the Pinnipeds

FY77

Mead, J. G. (Smithsonian Institution)

Marine Mammal Program

Ray, C. E. (Smithsonian Institution)

Studies on the Evolution of the Pinnipedia

FY78

Mead, J. G. (Smithsonian Institution)

Marine Mammal Program

Ray, C. E. (Smithsonian Institution)

Studies in the Evolution of the Pinnipedia

FY79

Mead, J. (National Museum of Natural History)

Marine Mammal Program

Ray, C. (National Museum of Natural History)

Studies on the Evolution of Pinnipedia

$ 42.8K

$ 59.2K

$ 50K

$ 56.lK

$ 56.lK

$ 45K

$ 86K

$ 47.4K
234

Veterans Administration

FY70

Olsen, C. R. & F. C. Hale (UCLA School of Medicine)

In Vitro Study of Diseased Human Airways

Surley, J. T. & R. Elsner (Oklahoma U. & Scripps

Institute)

Sleep in Cetaceans, EEG Study: The Pilot

Whale, Globicephala s~ammoni

FY71

Shurley, J. T. & R. Elsner (U. Oklahoma

Sleep in Cetaceans, EEG Study: I.

Globicephala scammoni

FY72

& Scripps Institute)

The pilot Nhale

Shurley, J. T. et al. (U. Oklahoma)

Sleep in Cetaceans, and EEG Study--I. The pilot Whale,

Globicephala scammoni

Sinha, A. A. et al. (U. Minnesota)

Ultrastructural Study of Estrogen Effects and

of Placenta

FY73

Shurley, J. T. et al. (U. Oklahoma)

Sleep in Cetaceans, and BEG Study--I.

Globicephala scammoni

'rhe Pilot Whale,

•

Sinha, A. A. et al. (U. /1innesota)

Ultra Structural Study of Estrogen Effects and of

Placenta

FY74-FY76

(No projects reported)

FY77

Seal, U. S. (VA Medical Center, Minneapolis)

Function, Evolution and Structure of

Hormone-Binding Proteins (pinnipeds, etc.)

Theil, G. B. (VA Medical Center, Wood, WI)

The Isolation and Characterization of Fish

Myohemoglobin (harbor seal, etc.)

$ 88. 6K

$ 14K
235

FY78

Seal, U. S. (VA Medical Center, Minneapolis)

Function, Evolution and Structure of

Hormone-Binding Proteins (pinnipedia, etc.)

Theil, G. B. (VA Medical Center, Wood, WI)

The Isolation and Characterization of Fish

Myohemoglobin (harbor seal, etc.)

FY79

(No projects reported)

$ 83.2K

$ l5.7K