1

Filed 12/1 9 / 1 3 CERTIFIED FOR PUBLICATION

IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA

FIRST APPELLATE DISTRICT

DIVISION THREE

KAUSHIK DATTANI, et al., Plaintiffs and Appellants,

v. GEEN HONE LEE, Defendant and Respondent. A138582
(San Francisco County Super. Ct. No. CGC

- 11

- 509290)

Defendant and respondent Geen Hone Lee has moved to dismiss the appeal of plaintiffs and appellants Kaushik Dattani, et al. (Dattanis) on the ground that their notice of appeal was not timely filed. We conclude that an appealable judgment was created
when Dattanis filed a request for dismissal without prejudice of all of their causes of action that remained after a grant of summary adjudication against them. Thus, t he notice of appeal filed more than 180 days after the date of this judgment
, was untimely . We therefore grant the motion to dismiss.
I. BACKGROUND
Dattanis filed a four

- count complaint against respondent. By order dated June 27, 2012, t he court granted respondent’s motion for summary adjudication of Dattanis ’ s first
cause of action

. On September 10, 2012, Dattanis filed a request for dismissal of all the remaining causes of action. According to counsel’s uncontested declaration in support of
the motion to dismiss th is appeal, she appeared on September 10, 2012, for trial of the second, third, and fourth causes of action. Dattanis ’ s attorney appeared and told her that he was dismissing those causes of action “in order to pursue an appeal.” The request for dismissal was filed on the requisite Judicial Council form with a section to be completed by the clerk showing whether or not dismissal was entered as2

requested

. This section of the form was never completed by the clerk . The court’s register of actions for September 10, 20 12, states: “Removed from mas ter court calendar set for Sep

- 10

- 2012

– off calendar. Plaintiff’s counsel represented to the court that the 1st cause of action was adjudicated on 6/27/12 and a dismissal of all the other causes of
action was filed on 9/10/1 2.” On April 16, 2013, the court filed a “Judgment by the Court Under C.C.P. § 437c” prepared by Dattanis ’ s counsel. The judgment states: “On June 27, 2012, this Court granted [respondent’s] motion for summary adjudication on the first cause of action

. . . . On September 10, 2012, [ Dattanis ] dismissed their remaining causes of action . . . . Accordingly, [ Dattanis ] have no further claims to prosecute, and the Court orders that judgment shall be entered in favor of [respondent]. [ Dattanis ] shall rec over nothing on their complaint.” On May 6, 2013, Dattanis filed a notice of appeal from the April 16 judgment. They checked the box on the form stating that the appeal was from a “[j]udgment after an order granting a summary judgment motion.”
II. DI SCUSSION Respondent contends that Datta nis ’ s request for dismissal was the equivalent of a judgment on the day it was filed , and appealable . If respondent is correct, then Dattanis ’ s notice of appeal was untimely. Under California Rules of Court, rule 8 .104(a)(1)(C), the latest possible time to file a notice of appeal is 180 days after entry of judgment. If the request for dismissal was tantamount to a judgment, then judgment was entered on September 10, 2012, the date the request was filed by the clerk . ( Palmer v. GTE California, Inc. (2003) 30 Cal.4th 1265, 1268, fn. 2 [“a judgment’s date of filing, as shown on a file stamp, is the judgment’s date of entry”].) The notice of appeal was filed more than 180 days later, in May 2013. “Ordinarily, a pla intiff’s voluntary dismissal is deemed to be nonappealable on the theory that dismissal of the action is a ministerial action of the clerk, not a judicial act.” ( Stewart v. Colonial Western Agency, Inc. (2001) 87 Cal.App.4 th 1006, 1012 ( Stewart ).) Howeve r, a series of cases beginning with Ashland Chemical Co. v. Provence3

(1982) 129 Cal.App.3d 790 ( Ashland ) recognized an exception to this rule and “allowed appeals by plaintiffs who dismissed their complaints after an adverse ruling by the trial
court, on t he theory the dismissals were not really voluntary, but only done to expedite an appeal.” ( Id . at p. 793; see id

. at p. 792 [ the plaintiff asked the clerk to dismiss the compliant with prejudice “ ‘ only for the purpose of expediting appeal ’ ” after the co urt sustained the defendant’s demurrer without leave to amend]; Denn e y v. Lawrence (1994) 22 Cal.App.4 th 927, 930, fn. 1 ( Denn e y ) [following Ashland ; parties stipulated to a “judgment of dismissal” after a ruling adverse to the plaintiff in a defamation ac tion]; Casey v. Overhead Door Corp. (1999) 74 Cal.App.4 th 112, 116, fn. 2 ( Casey ) , disapproved on another ground in Jimenez v. Superior Court (2002) 29 Cal.4th 473, 481,
fn. 1 [following Ashland and Denn e y ; court granted the defendant’s motion for summary adjudication and an in limine motion on the remaining cause of action; the defendant’s motion for “nonsuit/directed verdict” was granted and a “stipulated judgment” was
entered for the defendant].)
Ashland
, Denn e y , and Casey stand for the proposition s th at an appeal will lie “when a dismissal was requested after an adverse trial court ruling so that an appeal could be taken promptly,” and the request for such dismissal “operates as a request for an entry of judgm ent based on the adverse ruling. ” ( Denney , supra , 22 Cal.App.4th at p. 930, fn.
1

. ) It is unclear whether a judgment was entered in Ashland ( Ashland
, supra , 129 Cal.App.3d at p. 792 ), but judgments were entered in Denney and Casey from which the appellants appealed. ( Denney , supra , at p. 930; Ca sey , supra , 74 Cal.App.4 th at p. 116.) Here, no judgment was filed when the request for dismissal was made , and Denney , Casey , and possibly Ashland may be distinguish ed on that ground.
Th e distinction was eliminated in Stewart , where the reasoning of Ash land
, Denney , and Casey was extended to permit an appeal even though the record “contain[ed] no judgment or order of dismissal and no indication that either was ever entered.” ( Stewart , supra , 87 Cal.App.4 th at p. 1012.) But Stewart may also be distingui shable. That appeal contested an order for sanctions, and the parties agreed “that a settlement had been reached and a request for voluntary dismissal [was] entered with a stipulation that4

the sanction order would be appealed.” ( Stewart , supra , at p. 101 2.) “Since the parties [were] in agreement that [a] dismissal was entered with the stipulation that appeal from the trial court’s order imposing sanctions was to follow , [ the appellate court was ] satisfied that an appealable order exist[ed]

. ” ( I bid

. ) The re is n o agreement about appealability in the record here. The next relevant case, and the one that most directly supports our holding, is Gutkin v. University of Southern California (2002) 101 Cal.App.4 th 967 ( Gutkin ). There, the plaintiff appellant sued a university and several individual defendants. A m otion to
dismiss the individual defendants was granted after their demurrers were sustained, and the case proceeded against the university. On August 10, 2001, in the face of a threatened motion directe d at his remaining claims, the plaintiff appellant “filed a voluntary request for dismissal of his complaint ‘without prejudice’ ” ( Gutkin
, supra , 101 Cal.App.4 th at p. 973.) “[The appellant] filed a notice of appeal on August 17, 2001.
He then twice so ught entry of judgment of dismissal on the basis of the trial court’s orders sustaining the demurrers to five of the seven causes of action and dismissal of the individual defendants, as well as his own voluntary dismissal of the action. The court
clerk r ejected [the appellant’s] proposed judgment of dismissal because a dismissal of the complaint had been entered and notice of dismissal given. [The appellant] then followed with a ‘supplemental notice of appeal’ on October 4, 2001.” ( Ibid .)
The Gutkin co urt held that the rulings on the demurrers could be contested in an appeal filed following the request for dismissal. The court reasoned that the appellant could not voluntarily dismiss the causes of action to whi ch demurrers had been sustained and, citin g Ashland
, Casey , and Stewart , held “that even though the trial court refused to enter judgment following his voluntary dismissal of the complaint, the court’s order sustaining the demurrers without leave to amend, combined with the dismissal of the
action
, had the legal effect of a final, appealable judgment .” ( Gutkin
, supra , 101 Cal.App.4 th at p. 974

- 975 [italics added].) We likewise conclude that the granting of summary adjudication on the first cause of action here, combined with Dattanis ’ s request5

fo r dismissal of the remaining causes of action, create d a “final, appealable judgment ”
that enabled Dattanis to contest the summary adjudication.
Dattanis have filed an opening brief doing just that. They c ontend that summary adjudication of the first cau se of action was erroneous. They do not contest the causes of
action t he y voluntarily dismissed, and could not do so under Gutkin

. Gutkin held that the appellant there could not challenge rulings on the causes of action that were not resolved by the demu rrers in that case because , as to those causes of action, the appeal was barred by the rule that voluntary dismissals are not appealable. ( Gutkin
, supra , 101 Cal.App.4th at p. 975.) We have no reason to question that aspect of Gutkin here.
Gutkin could be distinguished on the ground that, in that case, “a dismissal of the complaint had been entered and notice of dismissal given.” ( Gutkin
, supra , 101 Cal.App.4 th at p. 973.) Here, the trial court clerk merely filed and stamped Dattanis’ s request for dismi ssal on September 10, 2012. Dattanis do not contend that the dismissal was ineffective on that date, and they would be estopped from so arguing because the purported “judgment” they filed in April 2013 stated that they had “no further claims to prosecute” because they “dismissed their remaining causes of action” on that date. That estoppel aside, we hold that the mere filing of the request for dismissal, without further action by the clerk, dismissed the remaining claims from the suit and created an

appea lable judgment from which Dattanis could have contested the summary adjudication ruling. As recently confirmed by the decision in Kurwa v. Kislinger (2013)
57 Cal.4 th 1097 ( Kurwa ), the request for dismissal effectively ended proceedings in the
trial court , even though the causes of action were dismissed without prejudice. (Compare Goldbaum v. Regents of the University of California (2011) 191 Cal.App.4 th 703, 708 [suggesting that a dismissal with prejudice is required to create an appealable judgment]).
In Kurwa , the plaintiff dismissed some of his causes of action with prejudice after

an adverse pretrial ruling. The parties agreed to dismiss their remaining claims against each other without prejudice
, and to waive the statute of limitations applicable t o those
claims. Judgment was entered for the defendant from which the plaintiff appealed. The court held that the judgment was not final and appealable under the one final judgment6

rule because the claims dismissed without prejudice were preserved for la ter litigation by
the waiver of the statute of limitations . ( Kurwa , supra , 57 Cal.4th at pp

. 1100, 1105. )
Kurwa ’s relevance here is that it did not attribute the lack of finality to the
dismissal of some of the causes of action without prejudice . The ju dgment was not final because of the agreement to waive the statute of limitations as to those causes of action in
order to preserve them for future litigation. Kurwa quoted with approval the decision in Abatti v. Imperial Irrigation Dist. (2012) 205 Cal.A pp.4th 650 ( Abatti ) , where the court held: “Dismissal of some counts without prejudice, by itself
, does not deprive a judgment of appealability, as ‘claims that are dismissed without prejudice are no less final for purposes of the one final judgment rule than are adjudicated claims . . . .’ ( Abatti
, supra , at p. 665.) But where the parties have reached an agreement that assures the potential for future litigation of the dismissed claims, the judgment ‘lacks sufficient finality to be appealable pursuant t o the one final judgment rule.’ ( Id. at p. 667.)” ( Kurwa , supra , 57 Cal.4th 1097 at p. 1104 .) “A plaintiff or cross

- complainant has, of course, the right to voluntarily dismiss a cause of action without prejudice prior to trial. [Citation s.] And as th e Abatti court explained, such a dismissal, unaccompanied by any agreement for future litigation, does create sufficient finality as to that cause of action so as to allow appeal from a judgment disposing of the other counts.” ( Id. at p. 1105 .) Here, Dat tanis ’ s dismissal of the remaining claims without prejudice operated as a final judgment that resolved all the claims between the parties. Were we to conclude otherwise, there would be no consequence to a plaintiff who dismisses claims to facilitate appel late review but delays years before seeking entry of judgment. At some point a defendant is entitled to finality. The appeal was filed mor e than 180 days after judgment and is untimely.7 III. DISPOSITION The appeal is dismissed.

______________ ___________ Siggins, J.

We concur:

_________________________ McGuiness, P.J.

_________________________ Jenkins, J.8

A138582 Trial Court: San Francisco County Superior Court

Trial Judge: Hon. Harold E. K ahn

Counsel for Plaintiffs and Appellants: Michael Timothy Heath
, and Howard Olsen of Law Office of Michael Heath

Counsel for Defendant and Respondent: Hannah C. Leung of Leung & Associates

Christ ine A. Chorney of Casalina & Disston