NISTIR 85-3273-6

(Rev. 10/91)

Energy Prices and Discount Factors

for Life-Cycle Cost Analysis 1992

Annual Supplement to Barbara C. Lippiatt

NIST Handbook 135 and

NBS Special Publication 709

“

QC

100

.U56

85-3273-6

1991

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Institute of Standards

and Technology

.red for d States Department of Energy

al Energy Management Program

ier 1991

NISTIR 85-3273-6

(Rev. 10/91)

ENERGY PRICES AND DISCOUNT FACTORS

FOR LIFE-CYCLE COST ANALYSIS 1992

Annual Supplement to

NIST Handbook 135 and

NBS Special Publication 709

Data for the Federal Methodology for Life-Cycle Cost Analysis, Title 10, CFR, Part 436, Subpart A; and for the Energy Conservation Mandatory Performance Standards for New

Federal Residential Buildings, Title 10, CFR, Part 435

Barbara C. Lippiatt

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Office of Applied Economics

Computing and Applied Mathematics Laboratory

Gaithersburg, MD 20899

October 1991

Prepared for: U.S. Department of Energy

Office of the Assistant Secretary for

Conservation and Renewable Energy

Federal Energy Management Program

Washington, DC 20585

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Robert A. Mosbacher, Secretary

Nartional Institute of Standards and Technology, John W. Lyons, Director

PREFACE

This is the 1992 edition of energy prices and discount factors for life-cycle cost analysis as established by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) in Subpart A of Part 436 of Title 10 of the

Code of Federal Regulations (10 CFR Part 436, Subpart A), and amplified in the Life-Cvcle Costing

Manual for the Federal Energy Management Program (NIST Handbook 135). The data are provided

as an aid to implementing life-cycle cost evaluations of potential energy conservation and renewable

energy investments in existing and new federally owned and leased buildings.

The life-cycle costing methods and procedures as set forth in 10 CFR, Part 436, Subpart A, are to be followed by all Federal agencies, unless specifically exempted, in evaluating the cost effectiveness

of potential energy conservation and renewable energy investments in federally owned and leased

buildings.

As called for by legislation, the National Institute of Standards and Technology has provided

technical assistance to the U.S. Department of Energy in the development and implementation of life- cycle costing methods and procedures. This is the second of a three-volume set which together

provide the methods, data, and computational tools for life-cycle cost analysis of Federal energy

projects.

Included in the three-volume set for Federal life-cycle cost analysis are the following:

(1) Life-Cvcle Costing Manual for the Federal Energy Management Program. National Institute

of Standards and Technology, Handbook 135 (revised 1992).

The manual is a guide to understanding life-cycle costing and related methods of economic analysis

as they are applied to Federal decisions. It describes the required procedures and assumptions,

defines and explains how to apply and interpret economic performance measures, gives examples of

Federal decision problems and their solutions, explains how to use the energy price indices and

discount factors which are updated annually in the supplement, and provides worksheets and other

computational aids and instructions for calculating the required measures.

(2) Energy Prices and Discount Factors for Life-Cvcle Cost Analysis . National Institute of

Standards and Technology; NISTIR 85-3273 (updated annually).

This report, which is updated annually, gives the energy price and discount factor multipliers needed

to estimate the present value of energy and other future costs. The data are based on energy price

projections developed by the Energy Information Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy.

Request the latest edition when ordering.

(3) NIST "Building Life Cycle Cost" (BLCC) Computer Program (version 3.1), National

Institute of Standards and Technology, NISTIR 4481 (January 1991).

The NIST BLCC program, version 3.1, supersedes and incorporates both the Federal Buildings LifeCycle Cost (FBLCC) and National Bureau of Standards Life-Cycle Cost (NBSLCC) programs NIST

BLCC is designed to run on IBM PC and compatible microcomputers with approximately 512 K of

iii
random access memory (RAM). It can be used to calculate the LCC of capital investments in buildings and building systems which are intended to reduce future operating, maintenance, and

energy costs. BLCC computes the LCC for each alternative, compares alternatives in order to determine which has the lowest LCC, performs cash flow analyses, and then computes the net savings, savings-to-investment ratio (SIR), and adjusted internal rate of return (AIRR) over the

designated study period. BLCC can be used to perform economic analysis of Federal and of private sector projects. BLCC version 3.1 uses the 1992 energy price data in NISTIR 85-3273-6. BLCC

in its application to Federal energy conservation and renewable energy projects is consistent with

NIST Handbook 135 (see ft 1 above). In its application to non-energy projects, BLCC is consistent

with OMB Circular A-94. In its application to private-sector and non-Federal public-sector projects,

BLCC is consistent with ASTM standards for building economics. BLCC is integrated with the DOE

ASEAM computer program which performs energy conservation analysis.

Included on the BLCC disk is a stand-alone program called DISCOUNT version 3.1 which can

calculate present value, future value, and annual value factors for any discount rate and study period.

DISCOUNT can access the DOE energy price projections included on the BLCC disk to compute

the UPW* factors needed for Federal LCC analyses of energy projects, consistent with the factors

included in this report.

The three-volume set can also be used to perform economic evaluations of Federal building projects

which are not primarily for conserving energy or providing renewable energy but which have an energy cost component. Handbook 135 explains both applications.

The U.S. Department of Energy was directed by legislation and executive order to make available

to the private sector the methods, procedures, and related aids developed for Federal use. In response to this directive, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, under sponsorship by

the U.S. Department of Energy, published a life-cycle costing book for use by the private sector

entitled Comprehensive Guide for Least-Cost Energy Decisions . NBS SP 709 (January 1987). The

private sector guide is supported by the data provided here, as well as by the BLCC computer

program. The BLCC program (version 3. 1) supercedes the NBSLCC program which is documented

in SP 709. BLCC provides LCC computational support for private sector projects as well as for

Federal projects.

To order any of the printed publications contact:

Advanced Sciences, Inc. 2000 North 15th Street Suite 407

Arlington, VA 22201

Telephone (703) 243-4900

Please request the publications by name and number.

IV
To order BLCC for analyses of Federal buildings, contact the above address. Other users may order

BLCC from one of the following:

National Technical Information Service

5285 Port Royal Road

Springfield, VA 22161

Telephone (703) 487-4650

(ask for disk PB91-507970)

PC Software Interest Group

1030D East Duane Avenue

Sunnyvale, CA 94086

Telephone (408) 730-9291

(ask for disk #0572)

MTS Software

5 Oak Forest Court

Saint Charles, MO 63303

(314) 441-1022

Workshops on the life-cycle costing method and energy analysis are conducted at locations around

the country each year. The workshops include training and software for both BLCC and an energy

analysis computer program called "A Simplified Energy Analysis Method" (ASEAM). A schedule

of workshops can be obtained from the Office of Applied Economics, National Institute of Standards

and Technology, Bldg. 101, Rm. A415, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Telephone (301) 975-6132.

An introduction to the workshop is provided in a video training film, "Least-Cost Energy Decisions:

An Introduction to Life-Cycle Cost Analysis." The video film and companion workbook can be

ordered from Video Transfer, Inc., 5709-B Arundel Avenue, Rockville, MD 20852, Tel (301) 88 1

- 0270. Additional video training films in the series are in preparation.

Further information on the Federal Energy Management Program can be obtained from the Federal

Energy Management Program Staff, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Conservation and

Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy. Please direct communication to: FEMP, CE 10. 1

,

U.S. Department of Energy, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20585.

v
NOTICE

Please note that Federal Methodology for Life-Cycle Cost Analysis, Title 10, CFR, Part 436,

Subpart A has been revised to incorporate changes required by the Federal Energy Management

Improvement Act of 1988 (P.L. 100-615), and to reflect 10-years experience with the Federal LCC

Rule.

The principal change is a discount rate set annually by DOE. The rate for 1992 is equivalent to a market rate of 8.5% and is based on long-term Treasury bond rates averaged over the previous 12

months. The market rate is converted to a "real" discount rate of 4.6%, exclusive of the

Administration’s assumed rate of general price inflation, to correspond with the constant-dollar

analysis approach that is used. The results are identical to those that would be obtained by using the

8.5% market rate as the discount rate and inflating all cash flows at the Administration’s assumed

rate of inflation. (For further discussion of changes in the Federal life-cycle costing rule see Notice

of Final Rulemaking, Federal Register . October 31, 1990. For a more detailed description of how

the Federal discount rate is determined, see NIST Handbook 135 (revised 1992).)

The SPW, UPW, and UPW* factors in Part I of this report are given both for the 4.6% discount rate and for a 10% discount rate. The former are for evaluating Federal energy conservation and

renewable energy projects. The latter are for evaluating Federal projects subject to OMB Circular

A-94, i.e., most Federal capital investment projects other than energy projects and water-resources

projects.

An additional change in the Federal methodology that affects the data in this report is the allowance

in the analysis of a planning/design/construction period prior to building occupancy. The text that accompanies the "B" series of tables explains how to use the UPW* factors to account for a planning/design/construction period.

vi
ABSTRACT

This is the 1992 annual edition of energy prices and discount factors for performing life-cycle cost analyses of energy conservation and renewable energy projects. It supports the Federal life-cycle

costing methodology by updating the energy price projections and discount factors that are described,

explained, and illustrated in NIST Handbook 135 (HB 135). It supports private-sector life-cycle cost analysis by updating the energy price indices that are described, explained, and illustrated in NBS

Special Publication 709 (SP 709). It also supports the Energy Conservation Mandatory Performance

Standards for New Federal Residential Buildings (10 CFR 435) by providing a table of factors for

updating appliance label values.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors wish to thank Mr. K. Dean Devine of the Federal Energy Management Program of the

U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) for his continued support and direction of this work.

Appreciation is also extended to Mr. Michael D. Lehr of the Supply Analysis and Integration Branch

of the DOE Energy Information Administration for providing the energy price projections and

escalation rates upon which this report is based.
CONTENTS

Page

PREFACE iii

NOTICE vi

ABSTRACT vii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS viii

CONTENTS ix

LIST OF TABLES x

ABBREVIATIONS xiv

PART I: TABLES FOR FEDERAL LIFE-CYCLE COST ANALYSIS 1

Single Present Worth and Uniform Present Worth discount factors 1

Modified Uniform Present Worth discount factors for Federal use 5

Projected average fuel price indices and escalation rates for Federal use 18

Factors for updating appliance label values 35

PART II: TABLES FOR PRIVATE SECTOR LIFE-CYCLE COST ANALYSIS 36

Projected average fuel price indices for private sector use 36

ix
LIST OF TABLES

A-l.

A-2.

B-la.

B-2a.

B-3a.

B-4a.

B-5a.

B-lb.

B-2b.

Page

SPW factors for finding the present value of future nonfuel, nonannually recurring

amounts 3

UPW factors for finding the present value of future nonfuel, annually recurring

amounts 4

UPW’ discount factors adjusted for average fuel price escalation, by end-use sector and

major fuel. Discount rate = 4.6 percent. Census Region 1 (Maine, New Hampshire,

Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey,

Pennsylvania) 8

UPW* discount factors adjusted for average fuel price escalation, by end-use sector and

major fuel. Discount rate = 4.6 percent. Census Region 2 (Ohio, Indiana, Illinois,

Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, North Dakota, South Dakota,

Nebraska, Kansas) 9

UPW* discount factors adjusted for average fuel price escalation, by end-use sector and

major fuel. Discount rate = 4.6 percent. Census Region 3 (Delaware, Maryland,

District of Columbia, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia,

Florida, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma,

Texas) 10

UPW* discount factors adjusted for average fuel price escalation, by end-use sector and

major fuel. Discount rate = 4.6 percent. Census Region 4 (Montana, Idaho, Wyoming,

Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, Washington, Oregon, California,

Alaska, Hawaii) 11

UPW’ discount factors adjusted for average fuel price escalation, by end-use sector and

major fuel. Discount rate = 4.6 percent. United States average 12

UPW* discount factors adjusted for average fuel price escalation, by end-use sector and

major fuel. Discount rate = 10 percent. Census Region 1 (Maine, New Hampshire,

Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey,

Pennsylvania) 13

UPW* discount factors adjusted for average fuel price escalation, by end-use sector and

major fuel. Discount rate = 10 percent. Census Region 2 (Ohio, Indiana, Illinois,

Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, North Dakota, South Dakota,

Nebraska, Kansas) 14

x
LIST OF TABLES (continued)

Page

B-3b. UPW’ discount factors adjusted for average fuel price escalation, by end-use sector and

major fuel. Discount rate = 10 percent. Census Region 3 (Delaware, Maryland,

District of Columbia, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia,

Florida, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma,

Texas) 15

B-4b. UPW* discount factors adjusted for average fuel price escalation, by end-use sector and

major fuel. Discount rate = 10 percent. Census Region 4 (Montana, Idaho, Wyoming,

Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, Washington, Oregon, California,

Alaska, Hawaii) 16

B-5b. UPW* discount factors adjusted for average fuel price escalation, by end-use sector and

major fuel. Discount rate = 10 percent. United States average 17

Ca-1. Projected average fuel price indices tied to the value of the dollar in 1991, by end-use

sector and major fuel. Census Region 1 (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont,

Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania) 20

Ca-2. Projected average fuel price indices tied to the value of the dollar in 1991, by end-use

sector and major fuel. Census Region 2 (Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin,

Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas) ... 22

Ca-3. Projected average fuel price indices tied to the value of the dollar in 1991, by end-use

sector and major fuel. Census Region 3 (Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia,

Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Kentucky,

Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas) .... 24

Ca-4. Projected average fuel price indices tied to the value of the dollar in 1991, by end-use

sector and major fuel. Census Region 4 (Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, New

Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, Washington, Oregon, California, Alaska, Hawaii) 26

Ca-5. Projected average fuel price indices tied to the value of the dollar in 1991, by end-use

sector and major fuel. United States average 28

Cb-1. Projected average fuel price escalation rates exclusive of general price inflation, by end- use sector and major fuel (percentage change compounded annually). Census Region 1 (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New

York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania) 30

xi
LIST OF TABLES (continued)

Cb-2.

Cb-3.

Cb-4.

Cb-5.

D.

S-l.

S-2.

S-3.

Page

Projected average fuel price escalation rates exclusive of general price inflation, by end- use sector and major fuel (percentage change compounded annually). Census Region 2

(Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, North

Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas) 31

Projected average fuel price escalation rates exclusive of general price inflation, by end- use sector and major fuel (percentage change compounded annually). Census Region 3

(Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina,

South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi,

Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas) 32

Projected average fuel price escalation rates exclusive of general price inflation, by end- use sector and major fuel (percentage change compounded annually). Census Region 4

(Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada,

Washington, Oregon, California, Alaska, Hawaii) 33

Projected average fuel price escalation rates exclusive of general price inflation, by end- use sector and major fuel (percentage change compounded annually). United States average 34

Factors for updating appliance label values 35

Projected average fuel price indices with assumed general price inflation rates of 0, 2.5,

5, and 7.5 percent, by end-use sector and major fuel. Census Region 1 (Maine, New

Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, New

Jersey, Pennsylvania) 38

Projected average fuel price indices with assumed general price inflation rates of 0, 2.5,

5, and 7.5 percent, by end-use sector and major fuel. Census Region 2 (Ohio, Indiana,

Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, North Dakota, South Dakota,

Nebraska, Kansas) 40

Projected average fuel price indices with assumed general price inflation rates of 0, 2.5,

5, and 7.5 percent, by end-use sector and major fuel. Census Region 3 (Delaware,

Maryland, District of Columbia, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South

Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas,

Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas) 42

xii
LIST OF TABLES (continued)

Page

S-4. Projected average fuel price indices with assumed general price inflation rates of 0, 2.5,

5, and 7.5 percent, by end-use sector and major fuel. Census Region 4 (Montana,

Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, Washington,

Oregon, California, Alaska, Hawaii) 44

S-5. Projected average fuel price indices with assumed general price inflation rates of 0, 2.5,

5, and 7.5 percent, by end-use sector and major fuel. United States average ... 46
ABBREVIATIONS

N Number of Discount Periods (in Years)

ELEC Electricity

DIST Distillate Oil

LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas

NTGAS - Natural Gas

RESID Residual Oil

COAL Steam Coal

GASLNE - Gasoline

xiv
PART I: TABLES FOR FEDERAL LIFE-CYCLE COST ANALYSIS

Single Present Worth and Uniform Present Worth discount factors

Table A-l presents the single present worth (SPW) factors for finding the present value of future

nonfuel, nonannually recurring amounts, such as repair and replacement costs and salvage values.

The formula for finding the present value (P) of a future amount (F) is the following:

1 P = F x F x SPWN , (l+d)N

where d =discount rate; and

N = number of periods, such as years, until F occurs.

Table A-2 presents uniform present worth (UPW) factors for finding the present value of future

nonfuel amounts recurring annually, such as routine maintenance costs. The formula for finding the

present value (P) of an annually recurring uniform amount (A) is the following:

(l+d)N -1 P = A x = A x UPWN , d(l+d)N

where N =number of periods, such as years, over which A recurs.

In tables A-l and A-2 the factors are given for both 4.6 percent and 10 percent discount rates. The

factors based on 4.6 percent are for finding the present value of future amounts associated with

Federal energy conservation and renewable energy projects. The factors based on 10 percent are

for finding the present value of future amounts associated with most other Federal projects (except

those specifically exempted from the 10 percent rate). Both the 4.6 and 10 percent rates are defined

for Federal use to be "real" rates exclusive of general price inflation. The factors are applied as multipliers to future amounts which are stated in "constant" dollars, that is, exclusive of general price

inflation.

Examples of How to Use the Factors:

SPW(4.6%): To compute the present value of a replacement cost expected to occur in the 8th year

for an energy efficient heating system, go to table A-l, find the 4.6 percent SPW factor for year 8

(0.70), and multiply the factor by today’s replacement cost. "Today’s" replacement cost is the cost

as of the date of analysis.

SPW(10%): To compute the present value of a repair cost in the 5th year for a floor covering (nonenergy related), go to table A-l, find the 10 percent SPW factor for year 5 (0.62), and multiply the

factor by today’s repair cost.

1
UPW(4.6%): To compute the present value of an annually recurring maintenance cost for a renewable energy system over 20 years, go to table A-2, find the 4.6 percent UPW factor for 20

years (12.90), and multiply the factor by the annual maintenance cost stated in today’s dollars.

UPW(10%): To compute the present value of annually recurring costs of office cleaning over 30

years (for a project not primarily related to energy conservation), go to table A-2, find the 10 percent

UPW factor for 30 years (9.43), and multiply the factor by the annual cleaning cost stated in today’s

dollars.

For further explanation and illustration of how to use these factors, see NIST Handbook 135.

2
Table A-1 . SPW factors for finding the present value of

future nonfuel, nonannually recurring amounts

Number of Years

Until Future Amount

Occurs (N)

FEMP LCC Approach

SPW Factor

(d = 4.6%)

OMB A-94 LCC Approach

SPW Factor

(d = 10%)

1 0.96 0.91

2 0.91 0.83

3 0.87 0.75

4 0.84 0.68

5 0.80 0.62

6 0.76 0.56

7 0.73 0.51

8 0.70 0.47

9 0.67 0.42

10 0.64 0.39

11 0.61 0.35

12 0.58 0.32

13 0.56 0.29

14 0.53 0.26

15 0.51 0.24

16 0.49 0.22

17 0.47 0.20

18 0.45 0.18

19 0.43 0.16

20 0.41 0.15

21 0.39 0.14

22 0.37 0.12

23 0.36 0.11

24 0.34 0.10

25 0.32 0.09

26* 0.31 0.08

27* 0.30 0.08

28* 0.28 0.07

29* 0.27 0.06

30* 0.26 0.06

*SPW factors are reported for FEMP LCC Approach for years 26-30

to accommodate a planning/construction period of up to 5 years.

3
Table A-2. UPW factors for finding the present value of

future nonfuel, annually recurring amounts

Number of Years

Over Which Amount

Recurs (N)

FEMP LCC Approach

UPW Factor

(d = 4.6%)

OMB A-94 LCC Approach

UPW Factor

(d = 10%)

1 0.96 0.91

2 1.87 1.74

3 2.74 2.49

4 3.58 3.17

5 4.38 3.79

6 5.14 4.36

7 5.87 4.87

8 6.57 5.33

9 7.24 5.76

10 7.87 6.14

11 8.48 6.50

12 9.07 6.81

13 9.62 7.10

14 10.16 7.37

15 10.67 7.61

16 11.15 7.82

17 11.62 8.02

18 12.06 8.20

19 12.49 8.36

20 12.90 8.51

21 13.28 8.65

22 13.66 8.77

23 14.01 8.88

24 14.35 8.98

25 14.68 9.08

26* 14.99 9.16

27* 15.28 9.24

28* 15.57 9.31

29* , 15.84 9.37

30* 16.10 9.43

*UPW factors are reported for FEMP LCC Approach for years 26-30

to accommodate a planning/construction period of up to 5 years.

4
Modified Uniform Present Worth discount factors for Federal use (Based on Federally required discount rates of 4.6 and 10 percent and DOE-projected

rates of change in energy prices, both of which exclude general price inflation)

This section presents "modified" uniform present worth (UPW’) discount factors for the 4 Census

regions and for the United States. The factors are modified in the sense that they incorporate

projected energy price changes. There are two sets of tables: the "a" tables present UPW’ factors

based on a 4.6 percent "real" discount rate, and the "b" tables present UPW* factors based on a 10

percent real discount rate.

The factors presented in the "a" tables are for calculating the present value of energy costs or savings

accruing over 1 to 25 years and are to be used in life-cycle cost analyses of Federal energy

conservation and renewable energy projects. Factors are now reported in the "a" tables for 30 years

to accommodate a planning/design/construction period of up to 5 years. (See "Example of How to Use UPW’ Factors" below for instructions on use with planning/design/construction periods.)

The factors presented in the "b" tables are for calculating the present value of energy costs or savings

accruing over 1 to 30 years and are to be used for life-cycle cost analysis of the energy component

of Federal projects that are not primarily for conserving energy or providing renewable energy.

Both sets of factors apply only to energy conservation that recurs in uniform amounts. Refer to NIST Handbook 135 for evaluating energy conservation that varies in amount over time.

The UPW’ factors incorporate rates of change in energy prices computed from prices projected by

the Energy Information Administration (ElA) of the U.S. Department of Energy. The ElA data are

stated as annual averages. Therefore, the factors are not tied to a particular calendar date in the

year. Assumptions underlying the IFFS model used by EIA to project energy prices are presented

in Assumptions for the Annual Energy Outlook 1991 (DOE/EIA-O527('91)). April 1991. Projections

at the national level are reported by EIA in the Annual Energy Outlook 1991 (DOE/EIA-O383(91)),

March 1991. Projections of imported crude oil prices are reported in Oil Market Simulation User's

Manual (DOE/EIA-M028(90)), 1990. Electricity prices at the national level can be found in National

Energy Strategy Technical Annex 2 (DOE/S-0086P), 1st edition, 1991/1992.

The formula for finding the present value (P) of future energy costs or savings is the following:

N 1(1991 +n) P = A0 x E = A0 x UPW’N , n = l (l+d)n

where A*, = base-year dollar cost of energy, i.e., the annual quantity of energy times

its price in today’s dollars; n = counter used to designate each year, with n = l for the year 1992;

5
N = number of periods, e.g. years, over which energy costs or savings

accrue;

I(i 99 i+ n) = projected average fuel price index 1 given in tables Ca-1 through Ca-5 fcr the year 1991 +n and

d = discount rate.

Examples of How to Use UPW* Factors:

UPW*(4.6%, no planning/design/construction period): To compute the present value of heating with

distillate oil over 15 years for an energy-conserving design of a Federal office building in New

Mexico, go to table B-4a, find the UPW* factor for commercial distillate for 15 years (11.63), and

multiply the factor by the annual heating cost in today’s dollars. The cost in "today’s" dollars is the cost as of the date of analysis.

UPW*(4.6%, with planning/design/construction period): (1) Find the UPW* factor for the combined

lengths of the planning/design/construction period and the occupancy period (not to exceed 30 years),

and (2) subtract from (1) the UPW’ factor for the planning/design/construction period alone. The

difference is the UPW’ factor for the years over which energy costs or savings accrue. For example,

suppose an energy-conserving Federal office building in New York is being designed. It is expected

to have a planning/design/construction period of 5 years, after which it will be occupied for at least 25 years. To compute the present value of natural gas costs over 25 years of occupancy, go to table B-la and find the UPW* factors for commercial natural gas for 5 years (4.53) and for 30 years

(20.77). The difference (16.24) is the UPW* factor for natural gas costs over 25 years, beginning

5 years hence. Multiply 16.24 by the annual natural gas cost in today’s dollars to calculate the

present value of natural gas costs over the study period.

UPW’(10%): To compute the present value of electricity costs over 30 years associated with

rehabilitating a Federal office building in Ohio (energy conservation is not a primary objective), go

to table B-2b, find the UPW* factor for commercial electricity for 30 years (9.22), and multiply by

the annual electricity cost in today’s dollars.

For further explanation of the use of UPW’ factors, see NIST Handbook 135.

The data in the tables which follow are reported for the 4 Census regions and the U.S. average.

Figure B-l presents a map showing the states corresponding to the 4 Census regions. The Census

regions do not include American Samoa, Canal Zone, Guam, Puerto Rico, Trust Territory of the

Pacific Islands, or the Virgin Islands. Analysts of Federal projects in these areas should use data

which are "reasonable under the circumstances," and may refer to the tables with U.S. average data

for guidance.

Note: Motor gasoline data are not available for the 4 Census regions. Refer to the U.S. average

motor gasoline data for guidance.

'For greater precision, the UPW* factors reported in the Ba and Bb tables were computed using

the unrounded form of the indices given in tables Ca-1 through Ca-5.

6
WEST

MIDWEST

NORTHEAST

(Region

4)

(Region

2)

(Region

1) 7

Source:

U.S.

Bureau

of

the

Census
Table

B-la.

UPW*

discount

factors

adjusted

for

average

fuel

price

escalation

by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel.

Discount

rate =

4.6

percent

(FEMP

LCC

Approach)

Census

Region 1

(Maine,

New

Hampshire,

Vermont,

Massachusetts,

Connecticut,

Rhode

Island,

New

York,

New

Jersey,

Pennsylvania)

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d bd CD oo c y— ,_ T" r“ T_ T_ *” T“ T— T— T_ T“ T“ T“ O in CD re in CM re CM o o 00 CO CD D- CD CM h- CD 03 oo in T- in CO O o CD r- 03

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0)

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CLD 8
Table

B-2a.

UPW*

discount

factors

adjusted

for

average

fuel

price

escalation

by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel.

Discount

rate =

4.6

percent

(FEMP

LCC

Approach)

Census

Region 2

(Ohio,

Indiana,

Illinois,

Michigan,

Wisconsin,

Minnesota,

Iowa,

Missouri,

North

Dakota,

South

Dakota,

Nebraska,

Kansas) §

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T—

T“ y- y- T

YT“ T“ T_ T- T_T~ T~

cn yT

m COK r- in 03 O' 03 O' 03 hm CM 03 in CD o o 00 in 03 CM CM CO CO CD <ot—

03 CO

q in CO y— 00 CD CO y—q CD tJ;

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qq

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CLt—

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qq CMq CM

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d 00 03b

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f— Is- 03 00 CM CO

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UJ1 o q 00

q in CO o q

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qq YTq in o in

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CM

d YJddd Is dd 03 03d o d CM Csi CM CO

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03

CM oCO i co

coc

.ou3

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0)

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ClD 9
Table

B-3a.

UPW*

discount

factors

adjusted

for

average

fuel

price

escalation

by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel.

Discount

rate =

4.6

percent

(FEMP

LCC

Approach)

Census

Region 3

(Delaware,

Maryland,

District

of

Columbia,

Virginia,

West

Virginia,

North

Carolina,

South

Carolina,

Georgia,

Florida,

Kentucky,

Tennessee,

Alabama,

Mississippi,

Arkansas,

Louisiana,

Oklahoma,

Texas) $ « « « « « DCO«C 2 7- CM CO 73 LO CD 00 05 o 1— CM CO 73 in CD 3- 00 05 o T- CM CO 73- in CO |7- 00 03 O O

t~

T- T“"

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OD

co in o <T> in CO CO CD CM CD 05 o o 3. CO 3- o o CO 73 00

O

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05 05 05 CO CD in CO 03

q <3; 7—

qq CM 05 in

q CO CDq 73

O

q 03 73; q

qq 0 O

O o i— CM CO in

bdd CO 03 o o d CM CM cb 73 73 in in cb

d idd cb 00 03

bd

w 7 7— t~ 7— 7— 7— * O 

7— »

7— 7— 7— 7“ 7 7— 7— 7— 7— CM

CD CD CO in 73 03 O 03 in CO CM 73 o 03 CO 05 7— CO 73 CM o m f- co 3- CO CD 00 N- ^3 00 7_ <b

05 CO 3~ in 7— 05 h- in CO CM o 03 CO 00 3- CO in 73 CM o q CD ^3 CO in

qqq

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d CO 05 o o d CM cb 73 in cb

d cb 00 05 o d

d CM cb cb

d Q)O < w i T— T_ t~ T_ T” 7“ T_ T_ T_ CM CM CM CM CM CM CM

CE1—

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K 73- co CO o 05 05 CO N; co 73; CM o q in CO v- q CO CO o q CO q q CM 00 q q 03 73; 05 73 CO D UJ i— 1- CM CO in CD d CO CO 05 o d d CM 00 73 t3 in cb cb id id co 00 05 05 d d d CC LJz

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CM

CO 3- 7— CM 00 y— 7— 3~ CO 3~ 7— in 05 CM 73

m in CO 03 ^3* CD 3- CD 0 73 3- CO 3-

m 0 W < 03 05 00 q in q q q in CO q q m q q CD CO q CD q CO 73 O CD T-_ q 7- q q CO 2 d d CM cb TT in cb cb d 00 05 05 d y- d CM CO cb in in CD h- CO 00 05 05 d 0 03 i

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10
Table

B-4a.

UPW*

discount

factors

adjusted

for

average

fuel

price

escalation

by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel.

Discount

rate =

4.6

percent

(FEMP

LCC

Approach)

Census

Region 4

(Montana,

Idaho,

Wyoming,

Colorado,

New

Mexico,

Arizona,

Utah,

Nevada,

Washington,

Oregon,

California,

Alaska,

Hawaii) % « « « « « 3CO

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CO <. c oo

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wo y- Y- y- T_ y- y- T_ T_ T_ T_ T_ CO

C/5 in 05 CO O’ CO CO CM CD ID CO CO O’ ID r-Y- co 05 co LO y— CO co O’ o O’ ID ID co 05 CO <oL_

05 TO N;

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CO 0 in rr in o i— o o r- CM 'fr CO 03 CO CD CD in CM CO co N- o CM CM CM CM o 00 b _J<

Cl_j coo

CD CO

CM

03

CM qb

O rrrr03

TT

CObCDb

O

CD q

b

qbq

b

rrN

CD

h' q o

b

qb

cob

q

00 q00 q

b

03b

o

03 CD q03

COb

CO

03

LUQ

h- CM CD CM rr CO CM 03 00 in 03 y_ 00 co fr- 00 00 CD CO 00 CO co co 03 O 03 00

CO q q q CM q Tj; q rr q q CD o CO q o CM in q q

y— q in q 00 q o y— CO CO rr CO

LU Q o y—

CM b b rr b b b b b b b b b b b b b 03 b 03 b b o o o o o

CC T— r“ y* O in o 00 o rr O 00 CD 03 o 00 co co 00 CD co 00 CM in CD r- CD in CO o fr- LU 03 CO m CO 03 LD o rr 03 CO CD 03 q m oo o CM rr q 00 03 y; CM q rr m CD rr. co 00

LLJ o CM b b b b b b b b b b b b co b b 00 co b b b b b b 03 03 03

z 1 CM CO rr in CD N. 00 03 o CM co rr m CD N- 00 03 o CM co rr in CD N. 00 03 o

y— Y— y— y— r— i— CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CO

14
Table

B-3b.

UPW*

discount

factors

adjusted

for

average

fuel

price

escalation

by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel.

Discount

rate

=

10

percent

(OMB

A-94

LCC

Approach)

Census

Region

3

(Delaware,

Maryland,

District

of

Columbia,

Virginia,

West

Virginia,

North

Carolina,

South

Carolina,

Georgia,

Florida,

Kentucky,

Tennessee,

Alabama,

Mississippi,

Arkansas,

Louisiana,

Oklahoma,

Texas)

Z - CM CO 3 in CO tv 00 05 o 1 CM CO 3 in

T"“ CO

T“

N- CO 05 20 CM 22 23 24 25 26 27 CO

CM 29 30

-J CO CO rv CO 05 rv rv 05 05 CO o CM CM 05 3 |v 00 CO CO CM tv o CO 3 3 CM < O) CO CO CO o CO CM CO CO rv T~ in 05 q q q

1— 3; q q o q 3; in q CO q o I-. CM o O d CM CO 3 3 in in CO CD |V IV IV 00 CO CO d d d d o o d d d d o 7~ 7— TT_ 7_ ,_

CO 05 CM 00 CO 05 CM 3 in 3 3 CM 05 3 h- CO |v CM CO tv CO CM fv o o 00 3 05 CO <a1—

CO |v 3; T— CO CO 05 3 05 3; 05 3; 00 CO |v T— in q CM in CO i— q q q o 1— q q O d CM CO CO 3- 3 in in CO CO IV r-v 00 CO 05 d d d d o d d d T- CM CM CM CM c\i T_ T_ ,— T_ T_ < Q ID 3 CD CM 3 3 in CM tv 05 00 CO T_ CO CO o CO 05 o O 05 CO CM CO 05 CM co CO X CO 05 CO CO 3 T- |v CO 00 CO 00 CM CD o 3; q r— 3 [V q r— 3 CD rv 05 i— q q in CO IV

f—

C/5 LU O CM 00 3 3- in in CD CD d n! 00 CO 00 d d d d o o o o o d d •d d •d TX)o

z

x T~ T— T_ r“ T_

t— CM CO CO CM in CO in 3 o CO 3 CM 00 CO CM 05 CO CD tv N- in . rv i

3 CO r^ CD

co 05 IV in CM 00 3 05 3; 05 CO |V 1— 3 CO T— 3 ID 05 i— q q fv 05 o CM q 3 in CO tv O d CM CO CO d 3- in in CO CO IV IV d CO 00 00 CO d d d d d o d d o o d o

T“ T~ o CM CO 3 3 CO in tv in 05 05 IV .

CO CO 05 3 |v |v CO CO 05 CO CO 00 05 00 tv CO CO o LU 05 tv in CM CO 3; 05 3; 00 CM CO o CO CO CO I— CO in N- q o q CO 3 in CO r- CO q o

Eu d d CM CO CO d d in in CD CO IV (V N |v 00 CO CO 00 00 d d d d d d d d d o

-1 CO o 7- in CO in CM in in o CM CM 05 CO in CO 05 o 00 "3- 05 CO in CO tv CD in <O

05 00 co CO o q q tv CM IV r— in CO q q q T- q q CO o T~ co O’ CO fv 00 05 o r- o 7- CM CO 3" in in CO cb tv |v cb ob cb d d d d o o o o o o o o T- 7-

,_ T“ T“

co in CM CM in T— tv 05 00 in O CO CO 1 |V CO CM CO CO CO 00 tv CO CM CO C\J in tv 00 <

b

05 q q CO o q I— CO 7— q T— in 05 CO co o q CO CO I— CO in IV 05 7— CM q q rv o T— CM CO in in cb cb tv cb cb d d d d d o o o o 7~ 3— d T~

_J< i T“ T" T_ T_ o Q CO in IV ^3- CO CO M- CO 05 CO CM in in CO 05 CM CM o CO o CM CO 05 in o co CO tv 00 X

LU2

CO 05 q CD tj; fv CO q q 00 CO IV T- q 00 q q q o q in IV 05 o q ^3; LO q q q LU o i—• CM CO ^3- in in cb cb |v 00 CO ob d d d o o d o o T“ T~ F >»— d T* 2

CC T“ T_ 7— T_ T_ T“ T~ o

o h- CM CO CO CM in CO in ^3- o CO ^3- CM 00 CM *3- CO o in 00 05 05 tv 05 CO tv O) o o 05

CO 05 |V q CM CO ^3; q *3; 05 q tv i— ^3" CO i— T3- rv 05 t- CO in tv 05 O CM CO CO fv tv G o r-^ CM CO CO d *3- in in cb cb |V tv cb co CO ob d d d d d d d o 6 o o o *" T— T“ O i— in CM CM 00 tv CM ,3‘ CO IV CO CM CD CO CO CO CM CO CM '3- CO CD co in co o CO CM

LU

i 05 q q CM q q q q fv T— "S' IV o CO in |v 05 T- CO CO tv q q q 7— CNJ q q O'

LU o 7— CM CO CO T3- d in cb cb cb |V |V tv |v cb CO ob ob cb ob ob d d b d d d

CO CO 00 in CO 05 CO CO in co 05 co CM in |V co CM rv o 7_ 05 CD 7- in CO o y— <a

h05 fv in CM 05 ^3; o in o 3 00 CM co O co co q CM 3 tv 05 T— CM 3 co rv q o r—' C\J o T““ CM cb cb •d in in cb cb cb fv IV oo ob ob ob d d d d d o o o o d T- y- 5 T“ T“ T_ T_ T— T“ T“ a CO CO |v 05 co 00 in 05 05 co 3 3 CM 00 CM 3 3 CM 05 in o CO co tv 00 00 tv in CO X 00 q co 05 q o q q CO IV 7— 3 tv O CM in tv 05 7— q 3 co tv q 05 q T— CM co TT <t

—J o T" CM CM cb d 3 in in cb cb cb |v |v tv tv rv CO cb oo ob oo ob oo d d d O) a> z

ill Q CM CO CM _ "3- co co 00 rv co tv 05 co in O CO 3 CO 00 CO |V o CM CO CO co ___

CO

LU

05 tv in q q ^3; q 3; q q q o CO CO 05 q in q q 1— q 3 CO rv 05 o *— CM co 3

Q o d CM cb cb 3’ in in cb cb IV tv' |v rv ob ob ob ob d d d d d d o o o o O

X 1 * T— *“ O CM m co co *3- o O in rv m o CO CM O in tv co rv in m co o __ CM T_ 05 rv ^r o LU

I q tv in q q 3; q co tv in q 7- 3; q q o CM 3; q tv co o I—. CM CO CO 3 in CO

LU d CM cb cb 3 in in cb cb cb fv r^ tv tv cb cb ob oo 00 cb d a> 05 05 05 05 a> 0

2|f-cMco3incorvcoo5o^cMco3incoivooo50 1 CM CO 3 m CD rv 00 05 O

1-1-T-i-r-f-T-r-i-T-CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM w

15
Table

B-4b.

UPW*

discount

factors

adjusted

for

average

fuel

price

escalation

by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel.

Discount

rate

=10

percent

(OMB

A-94

LCC

Approach)

Census

Region

4

(Montana,

Idaho,

Wyoming,

Colorado,

New

Mexico,

Arizona,

Utah,

Nevada,

Washington,

Oregon,

California,

Alaska,

Hawaii)

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CM |v CD fv T- ID O’ 05 y- 05 o- fv CD O' 05 CO O' O' CM 05 O' CO o CM CM CM 05 CD o

CD fv ID CM 05 LO o q q o

- fv ’J fv o CM ID fv q

y- CM O' CD q q 05 O CM o d i— CM CO CO CD CD CD CD CD |v IV d 00 00 CO CO CO 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 o o o o

T_ T~

CO ID CM CM CD LO 00 o CO CD CM CD CO CO CD CO CD IV fv CO 00 CO CM o fv CO Is- o CM

<c

fry 05 q ID CM CO q q q o; q CO tv y— q q q q CO y— CO CD q o CM CO CD CD 00 05

t- d i— CM CO CO ’T CD CD CD CD |v r- 00 00 CO 05 05 05 o o o o d d d d d d

s T_ T_ T_ T_ r— T_ < Q co ’t CD CM CD CD CM |v 05 05 CD O' CO CD o ^ o IV CM IV o CM O' O' d CO 05 00 CD o; T~ q q q q CM CD o o; q o; q 05 CM O' CD 00 q CM o CD CO Is- cd UJ o 1

CM CO rr CD CD CD CD |v d 00 CO 00 05 05 05 05 o o o o o d d d d d d

Dr*\ H T_ T“

LJz b CM CD CO CM ID CO CD ’3" o CO CO CM fv CM T— CO CO CD IV CD O' CD O CO CD CD CD co

CO 05 q ID CM 00 rr q q CO q T— ’3" CO T- O; q q T- q ID q q O CM CO O' CD CD Is- Q o d CM CO CO d CD CD CD CD tv |v N co 00 CO CO 05 05 05 05 05 o o o o o o d .

1

T“ O CO |v ID CD CM CO o CM CM 00 CM o CD 05 T— 05 ID o O' CD CO CO CO CD O' y 00

LU 05 q q

y— N- CO 00 q Is- y— 00 T“ "3- CD CO y— q o; q q q o y— CM CO O' CD CD CO

UJ o CM CO CO d CD CD CD CD CD |v f- |v IV CO CO 00 CD CO CO 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05

_l CM 00 Is- 05 O' o 05 o Is- 05 00 o CD CD CO 00 y- CM y- 00 O' CO CM O' CD CD O' CO o IV <o

o

q N. q CM 05 CD O q o o q q co CO y— q q q o T— CO O' CD Is- co q o T— CsJ q o d CM CO CO O' CD CD cb cb cb d d d CO cb cb cb 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 o o b o T~ ,r_

CO CO 05 r^ 05 O' CO CO 05 i^ CO Is- o 05 i^ CM CD CD CD y_ CD CO 05 CO CD co co CM CO CD Is- <oL—

05 Is- CD CM q q o CD o q 05 o Is- *— CD co y— O' q q

y— q CD q 05 o q q TT q

o d CM CO CO o’ CD ID CD cb cb d d CO cb cb 05 05 05 05 o d O o o d d

—

1

< i T“ *“ T_ T_ T_ o Q O' CM CM Is- O' CD CO CM Is- o o Is- CM CD CD CM CO y_ CO CM y_ CO O' co CM O' D CD D

oc

LU CO q q q q o q CM Is- q q T— D 00 q q q t— q CD CO o q q q CO CO 05 o i

q

LU o d CM CO O' O' CD CD cb cb d d d CO cb cb 05 05 05 05 o o o o d o o T- T— T— 2

CC T“ t- T_ ,_ <r” T_ O

o CM CO CM CD CO CO CD o CD CO o O' CD CD CM Is- O CM o Is- CM Is- o CM co co

CO 05 Is- CD CM q o 05 o; 05 CO Is- T— D CO .— o; q 05 q O; q q q y- CM o; q q q

o o d CM CO CO O' O' CD CD cb CD d d d CO cb 00 cb 05 05 05 05 05 o o d o o o o

T_ T_ T_ o o CM CD CO CO 00 CO CO O CO Is- CD CM IV 05 05 co O' o O' Is- CO 05 05 00 CD CO o CD

LU 05 h- o; T— Is- q Is- q CD o q q q CM O' CD q o q o; q q q q q o CM CO q

UJ o CM CO CO O' o- CD CD cb cb CD cb d d d d CO CO cb CO cb cb cb co 05 05 05 b 05

CD y— CD y— y— O' CsJ CO CD CD co co CD o CD o co CO 05 05 |V ^3" 05 CO CD 00 O) O) < q Is- CD q q 05 o; 05 q IV CD 05 q q q T- q q

|V 05 y—' q q CO O] o

CD

L_ o d CM cb cb O' cb cb cb cb Iv |v IV co cb co 05 05 05 05 05 O o O o o o o r- 5

T“ T~

CDQ, CO Is- Is- o Is- <j) r- o 05 co CD CD O' o o ID D o y_ CD y— ^3- |V 00 05 00 fv CD 00

_j 00 q 00 o q o CD o o; Is- y- O; q o q CD q 05 T— q o; CD q CO q o CM 00 <

b

_i o CM cb cb O' cb CD cb cb cb cb rv' Iv fv |v IV 00 cb oo CO CO oo CO 05 CT> 05 b CD z

LU d CM CD CM O' CO CM Is- 05 co O' co o o IV CM CD IV CD fv T“ CD CO CD

LJ CD 05 q CD CM 00 Tf q O; 00 q q o q |v o q q q 05 y—' q CD q CO 05 q T“_ CM 00

CO

LU

CE Q o CM cb cb O' cb cb cb CD IV |v (V cb cb co 00 cb 05 05 05 05 05 05 o b o o o

r— T_ 'T— O O' O 05 CM O CM 05 co co o o- CD O o o CD CD o y_ CD O CM ’S' rr CD o 00 05 q CO q 05 CO co CM q q CM CD q o q O; CO q q y—_ CM q ID CD q h- 00

LU o CM cb cb O' cb cb cb CD cb |v |v fv cb cb oo cb 00 cb 05 05 05 05 05 b 05 b b

z - CM CO O' CD CD Is- co 05 o CM CO O CD 16 fv

t—

00 05 20 CM 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

16
Zo Z CM co O' CD CO 05 o -

CM CO

O in CO N- CO 05 20 CM 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

r-<

cc z CM CD CM CM in CO CO in CO CM 05 CO in O' CO 05 o o CO in o O' h- 05 o o 05 O

_Jco<o

05 Ln CM 00 '*3’

q

O o> CO o q o CO in h- o CM CO in N. CO 05 o CM CO O' o

Q.

co2 O CM CO CO O' in in CO CO 1^ r-'- CO CO cb CO 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 o O o o o <

cc

_j CO o O o- T- CO 05 CM o O' in O' 05 CM CM o CD

O CM CO y- CO O' CO

O CM CO CO CM o <oo

05 CO

q CO o CO

q

q CM CO o q

q O'qq CM O' COq 05 i— CM O' in CO CO 05 o 1- CM cb o- *7 in in cb cb CO CO CO 00 05 05 05 d d o o o o o o o o T— ,_ T~ T~ T” c

cj CO 05 CM CD o CO CM O) co CM in

KN in o CO O' CM co CO in CO in co 05 O' 00 o < CD O' i

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q

qqq CD CO

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q

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d CM cb cb O' O' in in cb cb CO cb cb

d 05d o o o o q T-' CM

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K N- in CM CO CM co co 05 05

0)0)o

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C/3

CO

ID

qo

CD CO

CM o

cb O' oCO

in CDin

q

cb

q

cb

CM

r^’

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q

05

qd o qo qo qo

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qq in

q

CO 3 CC

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m CO 05 O' co CO o O- o

Q. CO 05

q in cm 00q

q o;

qq

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q inq CO o q

q

m CD 1^- Q) Q. o o d CM cb cb O O' in in cb cb 00 co cb cb 05 05 05 05 05 o o o o o O o 3 < y— T” y— y— y—

0) oo o CM CO CM CM in CM 05 CM i

co CM o CO o 05 in o CO CO co 00 CO O' 00 CT LLI1 05 C'- in cm q o q co q CM in q CM in q o CM q in q q o y— CM CO q q CO K q CO _)

ID

d CM cb cb o- O' in in CO cb cb

k cb cb CD cb CO CO 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05

0)>

COw 1 < o

05 CO

D CO o o O' y_ CO o co CM co h> CO co N- O' o O' co CO

v COO CO in co in O' CM

D 3 2 <oo

05 CD CO CO

q COq N- CM CO o o- coq O' r-- o CM O' CD 00 o CO O' in co CO 05

0) o dd CM cb O' O' in cn cb cb

K CO cb cb 05 05 05 05 05

d o d o o o o o o

to

O 3

COV)

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y

_ o 03 CO o CO ”T o CM CO CO N- o CM CO E 03 <e

05 CD in

q 05 inq y— in

O O' CO CM in 05 CM O' o CM *T CD CO 05 y- CM O'

q CO o o o T- CM cb cb O' in in cb cb n! CO 00 cb 05 05 05 o o o o o d •d

_J

k_oo

CO c

CO £

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*_a in co in 05 co co CM O' CO 05 O' in in CM CO 05 o o CO O' o O' 05 o o o o cc

LLI 5

CO 05

q CO o- o q

q

qq CM CO o q r- o coqq o CO in CO CO o - CM CO

q CD T” LU o CM cb O' O' in in cb cb cb co cb 05 05 05 05 o o d d o d T~ T- d c3 o8

II 05

ISoo

CCd CM CO CO CM in CO co in O' O' CM co CM co CM 05 O' co in

k

y—

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CM

CMcb

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00

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CO o y- o CO CO CM y— in in CM in CO CO 05 CM CO CO o Ny

_ in CO CO 00 co O' y- CO £ 0) o

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qq o qq CM

co

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O

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CO <ol—

05

q inq 05 *7

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q CM co o CO

qq CM

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05 5 T“ T_ y— T_ n£

c? !"• CO CO CO o CO co co co O' co 05 in 05 y_ CM o CD co CD CM o co h- CO in TT T-

—1 Cl CD

qq 05q o inq coq o O' 05 CM O' 05 y—qqq

q 00

q

O

q CM CO TT < bJ o CM CM cb rr O’ O' in in cb cb cb cb CO CD 00 CD 00 cb cb 05 05 05 O) a>

LLI O

CO

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a: *— 1r“ T"’ o CM CO CO CO in o CO 05 r-* CM in in CM O 05 N- CO O CO O' O’ CO 05 CD CM

LU 05

q in CMq O'q co inq

y— O' co 05 y—

qqq 05

q

q CM CO O’ O' in CD

—j

LU o CM cb cb *7 O' in in cb cb cb r- CD 00 CD cb CO CD 05 05 05 05 o> 05 O) a> z _ CM CO in co co 05 o _ CM co O' in co N 00 05 o CM co o in CO CO a> o

*- T- T- '

CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CNJ co

17
Projected average fuel price indices and escalation rates for Federal use (Indices and

escalation rates exclude general price inflation)

Table C. "Regional and U.S. average base-year fuel prices by end-use sector and major fuel," has

been discontinued. Use your actual energy prices as of the date the analysis is performed as the

starting point for estimating present value energy costs.

Tables Ca-1 through Ca-5 present projected average fuel price indices for the 4 Census regions and

for the United States. These are multipliers which when applied to today’s prices provide estimates

of the corresponding future-year prices. Note that the resulting price estimates are in constant

dollars, that is, exclusive of general price inflation. Constant dollar prices are needed when

discounting is performed with discount rates which do not include general price inflation.

Example of How to Use the Indices:

To estimate the price of industrial steam coal in year 2005 in Connecticut, go to table Ca-1, find the

year 2005 index for industrial steam coal (1.25), and multiply by today’s price for industrial steam

coal in Connecticut.

Tables Cb-1 through Cb-5 present the projected average fuel price escalation rates (percentage

change compounded annually) for seven selected periods from 1991 to 2021 for the 4 Census regions

and for the United States. Note that these are "real" rates exclusive of general price inflation. Their use results in prices expressed in constant dollars.

The escalation rates consolidate the information provided by the indices in the Ca tables so that trends in projected price changes can be seen at a glance. They are provided primarily to accommodate those who use computer programs which require escalation rates as inputs.

Unless there is a compelling reason to use escalation rates, it is recommended that you use the

indices in the Ca tables when you need estimates of future-year energy prices, since the indices

include year-to-year information rather than averages over a number of years.

Example of How to Use the Escalation Rates:

To estimate the price of residential distillate in 1998 (p 98) in Wyoming using the escalation rates, go

to table Cb-4 and find the 1991-1995 and 1995-2000 escalation rates for residential distillate (0.28%

and 0.98% per year, respectively). Enter these values and today’s price of residential distillate in Wyoming (p92) into the following formula. Then solve for the 1998 energy price (stated in today’s

dollars):

P98 = P« x (1 + e,)

k

, x (1 + e^,

= p92 x (1 + 0.0028)4 x (1 + 0.0098)3

18
where e: Annual compound escalation rate for period i from the Cb tables (in

decimal form); and

Number of years over which escalation rate e; occurs.

For further explanation of how to use these tables, see NIST Handbook 135.

The data in the tables which follow are reported for the 4 Census regions and the U.S. average.

Figure B-l presents a map showing the states corresponding to the 4 Census regions. The Census

regions do not include American Samoa, Canal Zone, Guam, Puerto Rico, Trust Territory of the

Pacific Islands, or the Virgin Islands. Analysts of Federal projects in these areas should use data

which are "reasonable under the circumstances," and may refer to the tables with U.S. average data

for guidance.

Note: Motor gasoline data are not available for the 4 Census regions. Refer to the U.S. average

motor gasoline data for guidance.

19
Table

Ca-1.

Projected

average

fuel

price

indices

tied

to

the

value

of

the

dollar

in

1991, by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel

Census

Region 1

(Maine,

New

Hampshire,

Vermont,

Massachusetts,

Connecticut,

Rhode

Island,

New

York,

New

Jersey,

Pennsylvania )

050o

_C0o

<L0 O 3 O

Ud 0 II 050 y— $ % < c D0o0

'o

Q.

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CM 11 o T~ o r- Y“ r— T— T—

CO i in CO T- o CO CO 05 CO o in 05 05 CO o o i 05 l— o CM 05 T— CM CM CM o CM CM CM o

CM iii o o - T—

CM i in 05 CD CO in CO N- in in CM N. O i 05 T“ 05 T- 05 T“ CM CM T— o T— CM CM oCM 11 o T“ d r- o T- T- T- T- T- T- TT“ i in CO r^- y— CO o O N- in CO in O i 05 o 05 T— 05 i— CM y r— o y CM o

CM iii o d

d o - - O i CD in CO CO r- CD CM CO CM CO CO CO O i 05 O 05 q 05 o T— O o T~ o

CM 1 o yd T~ o y- T- y- t- r- Ty

— 1-

05 i CO in CM in CO CO T- y_

m CO y-~ 05 i 05 o 05 o 05 o 1“ O 1- o o Y— O T- G) 11 o r- o T— o T- T- T— T— 1— r- i- t- -rCO 1 CO CM CO CM CO CM O in O o CM o o 05 05 1 05 o 05 o 05 O T- o y— o O T— o o O)

T" 111 o T_ o T~ o T— T“ y— 1 in CM O 05 o CM o 05 CO

05 1 05 o 05 o 05

O T- o o o O T— 05 o CD 11 o y- o 1- o T“ T“ T- r— T- T~ d

CD i CD y— CM y- in T— o CO o y— o CO

05 i 05

O 05 o 05O y— o o o O T- 05 o iii o o T“ o T— T“ T" o

in i CM

O CO o CO CD

05 i 05

O 05 o 05 o T“ o o o o y— 05O

CD 11 d y- o T- o 1- T- T- T- y- 1- i- o r- i o y— y— o CM 05 y— CM 05 CD in 05 i o o 05 o o o O o o O O O 05 o

CD iii

T_ o o

CO i o CD 05 CM CD CO in o CM 1^ 05 i o o 05 o 05 o O o o o O o 05 o

CD 11 Td 1- o T- T- T- T- T- •rd TCM 1 o y— o 05 y- CM CM o y— CD T— 05 1 o O 05 o 05 O o O O o o o 05 o

<J) 111

T— T—

d o T_

d 1 o O o o o o o o o o o o o o

05

05 1 o O o o o o o o o o o o o o 11 y— T~ i

T" 03oc

COo0

CO

CO >-, o — 0 c o ~ 0 '3 i5 S o 5 CO Q) 05

05

_

— 05

CO o o 0 0 ’o

k_ 0 0 0

nj 0 'o 0 3 0 o0.

L-3

ro EEq o0 CD o*050

u.30 Z o LU b DC z

To •£

® « _

O t ^ 2 E “ o 5 « 3 « 5 ® ,2 0 co S c LU Q DC Z CO

20

Projected

world

oil

price

indices

(1991 =1. 00)

Oil

Price

Assumption

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.01

1.04

1.07

1.11

1.15

1.20

1.25

1.29
Table

Ca-1,

continued.

Projected

average

fuel

price

indices

tied

to

the

value

of

the

dollar

in

1991, by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel

Census

Region 1

(Maine,

New

Hampshire,

Vermont,

Massachusetts,

Connecticut,

Rhode

Island,

New

York,

New

Jersey,

Pennsylvania) i « 1 05 CO o m 05 CO O) 05 y— o in i^- in i i 1 05 CO CD 05 m CO T— CD N- 00 i CD 1| C\J o 11 d T- T- O i— y— T- y— T— t- T- T- | y— i CM 1 i i « 1 CO c- 05 CO CO N- CM N- co o CO CO in i in i OCMo 1 05 CM CD 05 in I''- CO **— in I-'- CO i CD 1| 1j o 1— T- O T~ T- 1— y— T- T- T- l— y— | T— i CM 1 i i « 1 00 in y— CO in O in CO O CD CO CO i CO i 05 1 05 CM CD 05 in r- CO T- m CO i CO 1j o 11 o i- 1- O T" T- T- r- T- i- 1— 1— 1— 1| T- l CM 1 i l « 1 CO CD 05 CO CO CO CO O in 05 CM i i oo 1 05 CM in 05 in CD CO T- LO CD CO i CD 1j o 11 o y— T— O l— T- i— 1— T- T— 1— r- 1— 1| T- l CM 1 i l « 1 CM CO -r- CD y— CD 05 CO h- 05 CM i 05 i N. 1 05 CM in 05 in CD CO o in CD 1^- i in 1j o 11 o T- T- T- O i- f— i- -T- i— T- T- 1| i- l CM 1 i l CD 1 O CO in 05 05 CD 05 y— N T— i i 1 05 CM in 05 CD CD CO O in CD i q iil o

CM 111 o T“ o J— T_ ii

c/5 oo i in 1 K CO oo CM in 05 O) CO in

O i in iii o

CM 111

05oCO CM in 05oCD CD co o CO iii

LD o i 1 i c V)

CDo

'l. 0. i 'sr 1 CD CD 05 •r- in 05 '3- CO r^- o CM o 1 ^ 1 wI 1

co ilij o

CM 111I

05oCO r— in 05O

in CD CO o CD in

T“

— 1 05 oD o i co 1 CO r>. 05 CD CO r^- CM CO Is- 05 05 1 '3 o O

LL 1j o 1j 05 CO

T 05 in CD CO o ^3" in CD CO Q. in

0505 II li CM 11 d

y

~~

O

T'~r” T

"“ 1 T” -r_ 1 o II 1

CO T~*

Q T“

k-a)

CT5 cn i CM 1 CD in CD CD o CO CO 00 CM CD CO 1 05

05 CO > i 1 05 CO i— M" 05 in m CO o in CO CO 1 2 < 1j O

CM 1 o T-i

O y- Y- T- o o

05 ' 0)

4—* o i -T— 1 CD 05 CO CO CD Y— in CM 05 T— CM CO 1 2 in

.32, 1 1 05 CM 05 CO in in CO o CO in CD CO i -9L ok— | CM 1 o T- 1— T— O y— T- T— T— T- y— y— y— T- 2

y— CL l 1 l Q- l O 1 in h- y— in in 00 co CM 05 o h- 1 CO

J" 05 CM 05 CO in CO o CO CD CO ill o

CM 111 o — T_ o T_ T_

T” T_ 111

T— l 05 1 CD o CO rr rr o 05 in CD CO CD 1 O 05 CM CO 05 CO 'cr in CM o CO in CO 1 o; iil o

CM 111 o T" O T_ T— T— T_ 111 l CO 1 CD in o h- in CO CD co r-~ TT CD CM 1 05 i o 1 05 CM CO 05 CO O’ CM o CO in CO 1 CO ii CM 11 o o T_ T_ T_ 11 l 1 CD CO 05 in in _ m CD CM o 05 1 CD i o 1 05 CM o CO 05 CO TT CM o CO in CM 1 CO iii o

CM 111 o T— T_ o r"m T— 111 i CD 1 in _ oo _ in 05 in 1 CO i O 1 05 CM o CO 05 CM CM o CM CM 1 CO 1| u

CM 11I o T““ o t~ 11

«r— c | 1 1 o ilj

o33 11I 11I

Q.P j LL I 3 liiilllill oC

co

4—o< O

05 CO

Residential

Electricity

Distillate

Oil

LPG

Natural

Gas

Commercial

Electricity

Distillate

Oil

Residual

Oil

Natural

Gas

Steam

Coal

Industrial

Electricity

Distillate

Oil

Residual

Oil

Natural

Gas

Steam

Coal 1111111111

05

</5 <

05O

CL5

21

'Indices

are

reported

for

years

2017-2021

to

accommodate a

planning/construction

period

of

up

to5

years.
o0

J3 0

CO M= > b= 0

12

O

‘0

4-4 o E

4-4

a

T3 c 0 0

’ff i— V) O 0o

4-4 o

*6 0

55 c a> 0o

V)3| 'SZZ a ac 0 0 3 n 0 . O)

CO 05

L- 05 0> C a u- 0 0 o O 0 o

'o 0

0- -C

c\i11 0o0

-Q0H

To' 11 oo $ 1 CM c 1 0 1 CM 1 O

o' 1 O

ie 1 CM

10 1

.cf

53co o£ 11111 OO

CM

ao CO 11 Oo

cf C§ 0

_o 11 o

CM

.§5

€

pc 1 s

=3 $ 0

’Cp 111

03

03

05

a

0. 1 T

"”

.<0 o 0 o o 3 o 00

,c o LL 03 Q 0

T“

II 05

-c 05 0 tr 0 c

•S §

k_0>

05 . £

h» 6 03 < C. i 05 p

rC

‘o' s

c> o0 il T"“

,VJ

§_

«5

<0 i o0

’o iiil

1996

CVJ o' 0. l c k

1995 .o05 s oa 1iill

05 i <0 c i 05 c ,c lli

05 i CO i 03 i 05 il T“ i CM l 05 i 05

inoo

CMoo

C\J

CO

05

05

CO T— N- CM in 00 d- CO i-'. 00 n. o cm O 05 CM CO CM o CM CM

T- TS- T— T- o l— T- i— T— 1— l— i— T— Tin co in CO CO 03 in CM CO 05 05 00 o T— o CO 05 CM CO CO CM O CM CO CO

T— 7“ T“ T— o T- T- T- l— 1— 1— T- rCO m CM y— CO o 05 CM O 05 CO o o 00 05 CM CM CO CM o CO CO

y— 1— T- o 1- 1-

T 1— T—

TT- T- T—

CM CM 05 CO CO CO CO o 03

m CD N- o 05 cm 03 CM CM CM 05 T— CM CM

T“ TO T“ o T- y- 1“ T- o I— T- 1- 1-

CM 05 CD 05 CO CM o T- co 05 T— CO CM o o q 03 T— CM CM T— 05 1- CM

T" o T- o T- T- T- 1-

O T- 1“ TTM

CM CO CO 00 CO in 05 00 03 CM t- o o 05 I—. 03 o y— T— T— 05 o T— T— T" y— d y- o T- 1

T- TO T- f- y~~ y—

T— CM o in CO T“ 03 in LO N- 03 o o 03 r_; 05 o y— y— 03 o O O

y~~ o T- o T

T- y- i— o T- 1— y— TO CM O CO o N- CO 00 CM CM CM 00 o q 05 o 05 o »— o 05 O T— O o

T- o o 1- T- T- T- o T- T- T- o T— o CD CM O CO t- 00 CM 1 1 CO o o q o 05 O T— O k- 05 O T- O o

T“ l- o T- o T— y— i— i- o 1 T—

— TCM y— o in 05 CM o in 05 CM y— CM i— i^- o o 05 o 05 o y— o O O O y- o o

y- y— o l— o T— T— r- T— T— T—

y

— y— t—

CO T— 05 in CM 1

O in 05 T— CM y— CO o o 00 o O O y- o o o O - O o

T—

T— o T- T— T— y— 1t— 1— r— y~~ T—

T— CM in CM CM 00 in 00 CO CM

O y— CO o q q q O O o o o o O O o

T— 1— o t— y— T- T— >1— T- T—T 1— T“ T—

CO T— in T— CM CO in CM CM CO o q O q o o O o o o o O o o O

T_ o y— 1

T—

CO CO CO CM CO CM CO in 00 CM o o 05 o o O o o o q o o q q o o o o o o o O o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o

T— i— r- T- T— T- 1—TT— T“ T- T- T— T—

0)3

LLDC

03

l—OO

05 cn

a: o 0 0 o & 0

CD ‘o 0 o*3 a WL. 0E

’o

•c^4 0 O0 05 CD

0. 30 EQ o0 «

UJ

b _J z o LU

b

CD

g 5 E 2 ed ^ Q)

_ £«

ca - 0

is 'c

CO •Oc o

05 25CO Q o"553P050

cr

co

03 CD

"55 L.30z

03OOE

03

05 CO

22

Projected

world

oil

price

indices

(1991

=1.00)

Oil

Price

Assumption

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.01

1.04

1.07

1.11

1.15

1.20

1.25

1.29
Table

Ca-2,

continued.

Projected

average

fuel

price

indices

tied

to

the

value

of

the

dollar

in

1991, by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel

Census

Region 2

(Ohio,

Indiana,

Illinois,

Michigan,

Wisconsin,

Minnesota,

Iowa,

Missouri,

North

Dakota,

South

Dakota,

Nebraska,

Kansas)

in0o

"5c0O

'C

CL

0) o 3 O

LJ- ^

03 || 03 11 CC r-

)r. 03 ^

03

<r C. o

Q3 4-- O0

’o

w. CL « 1 in CM

m j— CO CO o i— CO CO o

c\j o 1 in co

q o CD r^- 03 rj- r~m

q

qq ^3; 11 l— r- T- T“ T- T- T- T- T— i- T- i— t- T- CM 1 « 1 in CO in y— CM CM CM 03 03 .p- CD 03 O

CMo 11 q CO

q o CD 03 o inq

q

q 1 v— T— T- T- 1— T— i— T- 1— 1— T- T— T- f— CM 1 « 1 03 CM CM o O 03 O 03 03 CO 03

03 1 T— CO 00 o CD CD 03

Om 03 CO 1 o 1 'r~~ T” “* T“ T~~ T” 'r“ T“

CM 1 « 1 'st o O o CO CO CO

O 03 CD N- y— 00

CO 1 i— CO CO o in CD CO o in h- 03 CO

T— 1 o 1 T_

T““T” T“ 'r~ y

~~

T~~ CM 1 « 1 in 03 00 o CD LD in O 03 'St m 03 hr- 1 '3' CM o LD CO co O in 00 CO 1 o 1 T“ ’1” T_ T~ T

~~ le~“

T” T_ CM 1

CO 1 CD o CO co 03 CO CM CO

T— 1 q

q o in CD co CO

O in r-. CO CO oCM 111

T— T_ 'Iin 1 CO CM CD 03 co T— CO co o T-* in CD

T" 1 CM

q 03 in CD CO CO o m 00 CO o

CM 111 'r* o r—

T“ 1 CO o Tj- _ 03 o 03 00 co CO 00 CM in 1 q q 03 in in co o CO 00 co

OCM 111 T“ o T_

T“ T_

co 1 CM h- CM 00 03 00 CD in Is- in in 03m 1 CO CM CD 03 in K co o co h- co oCM 111 o T“ T—

CM 1 CM in 03 in oo in CO CM CD h- CO CM in CO q 03 in N- CO O CD N- CO oCM 111

T— T_ "r_ o T— T~ T_

T~ 1 CM CM N- CM 00 CM o 00 CD f''- o 03 CM CO

T- 1 CO CD 03

m CD CO o in CO o

CM 111

i— T_ T— o T~ T_ •H- o 1 _ o in 03 r>- O 00 CD in CD CO 03 CO 1 CO in 03 CD co O CO in CD CO oCM 111 T" T~ y— o T_

03 1 O 03 CD I''- 03 CM CM in CDm o o 1 CM t-; q 03 CO CD CO o CO m CD CO o

CM 111 o T“ T_ T_

T“ T—

00 1 03 00 CO O' CD inO in in CO CM 03 o 1 o q I—. q 03 co CD CO o co in CD CM oCM 111

T_ T- o T_ T_ T_ T“ T_

n 1 00 CD CM CD in co CD 03 in co 00 CD o 1 o CM q 03 co rr in CM o co in in CM o

CM 111

T— o -r_ T_ -r_ 'r_

CO 1 00

O CD in CM o CO o co CO CO o o q 03 CO in CM o CO in CM o

CM 11 o r— T— 0 111 3 1 LL 1 •oC

03

i—

+—> Oo0

co

Residential

Electricity

Distillate

Oil

LPG

Natural

Gas

Commercial

Electricity

Distillate

Oil

Residual

Oil

Natural

Gas

Steam

Coal

Industrial

Electricity

Distillate

Oil

Residual

Oil

Natural

Gas

Steam

Coal

CD

LOCD

CD

CD

CD

03

CD

N-CD

LD

IT)

C/3 0Ob

_coo

*u

Q.OPo5

T30o0

’o£

CO

in oo o• in

inO'

co

O'

03

CO

CDCO

CO

COco

Q.E3

tfl co <0p

a.5

23

‘Indices

are

reported

for

years

2017-2021

to

accommodate a

planning/construction

period

of

up

to5

years.
Table

Ca-3.

Projected

average

fuel

price

indices

tied

to

the

value

of

the

dollar

in

1991, by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel

Census

Region 3

(Delaware,

Maryland,

District

of

Columbia,

Virginia,

West

Virginia,

North

Carolina,

South

Carolina,

Georgia,

Florida,

Kentucky,

Tennessee,

Alabama,

Mississippi,

Arkansas,

Louisiana,

Oklahoma,

Texas) 1 in i CO o to ! O 1 o CM o 1 O 1 11 CM 11 1 tJ- 1 CM h- ^r 1 O 1 o 4— 1 O 1 q 11 CM 11 1 CO 1 CM CM 1 O 1 o o 1 1 11 CM 11 i

1 CM 1 03 1 O 1 o 1 03 111 O 1 CM 11 o 1 | 03 00 h- 11 O 1 q o q 11 O 1 CM 11 C3 b

CO0o 1 O 1 03 to in 111 O 11 CM 11 qo o qb b 1 c0o'0

Q. 1 03 1 r- 11j

03 1 03

03o o qo _0 O 3 o CO 1 N CM CM LL0 II

03 1 03

03o o 03o

03 | CC T— 0

03 . £ i 03 T— CM > 03 1 03 o q <

TD

W 1j

03 i o o 0O 1 to 1 03 T— CM 0 1 03 1 03 o q ‘o

u. 1| 03 1 7““ | o b

CL 11 1 in i CM CM 1 03 1 q o 03 111

03 11 o 1 7f I CO CO 1 03 1 o o 03 111

03 1 o 1 CO 1 CM in 11 03 1 o o q 11

03 1 T" o 1 CM 1 to 1 03 1 o o 03 111

03 11 b 1 , . o o o 1 03 1 o o o 1 03 11 T” 1ii 0 i 3 j 1 Ll- i i "DC

re iii1

_re

4-4 2? o0 L_ C 'o 4—' O 1j 0 •c a 1 "O o

LPG i a) i cn 111

to0

DC 0

UJ

CO b

to o CO in in o co o CM CO

T— y— T— 7— 7— T— o 03 O 03 CO

CO 03 CM CO CM o T- T- T" T—

03 o in

q 03 CM co CO CM

y— o y— -i— T- T—

CM CO CO 03 03 o q 03 CM CM CM

y— o y— T~ y— T—

CO N- CM CM CO 03 CM CM

T—

O T- 1— 1— TCM 00 o to CO

03 o CM r— T“ 1— o y— y— T“* T00 1^ in to CM o 03 o T“

7“* o y— T- T— Tin CM CM CO CM o 03 O T" o T7— o 1— T“ 7—

tj- CO CM 4- N- t- o 03 O T- O TT- o T- 7“ 1— T—

03 CM CM to 03 o 03 O T— o O

T- o 1— y— y- 1— o O o

CM toO00o

T— 1— 7“ T— 7— 7—

CO CM

O to CO o o O O O

7— 7— 7— 7— 77—

CO T— CM 00 CD CO o O O o O o

7— 7— 7— T— 7— 7—

CM

O CM in CM

q o O o o O T~ T“ 'r* o o o o o o o o o o o o

7— 7— 7— 7— 7

CO

—

— CO

_

re re o o re 03 0

re

'o

k_0E

2?a

•c 0

re

re3

TJ 0

re

OoE 3

re Er> o0 to

"to0 3

re

re0 z wo UJ b DC Z co

CM 00 CM 7— 7—

7—

qq CO

7— T- T— 7— 7— O r^. O CO

CM CO CO CM

7— 7— 7— 7— 7—

03 o CM CM o q CO in CSJ 4— 4— 4— 4— 7—"

N- to 1^- CM T- O CM CM 7“ 7— 7— 7— 7—

in CM CO 03 03 o CM CM T7— 7— 7- 7— T—

^r CO 00 (7) 00 q o 7— 7— 7— 4— 7— 7— 7—

CM in in 4- in O o 7— 7— 7— 7— 7— 7— T— O

CMO

T“ o

CO

T— 7— 7— 7— 7“

T— CM T- CO CM O O 4- O

7— 7— 7— 7- 7—

CM CM 4- CM

O

OO 4~

O I7— 7— 7— T— 7~

CO 7~ in- CM 03 o O 4~ O O

7—

— 7— 7— 7— o

CMO

O CMO

03O 7 7— y— 7 7—

CMOCMO

1-4- O 7O

toO

7— 7— 7— 7— 7—

r- CM LO CO CO O O o 03 o T“ T— o T" o o o o o o o o o o

7“ 7“ 7— 7— 7—

_ ^ a3

•cw3ac - oc—< o

_0

UJ o

a> 4—

re 3=wb o

re3g

’to 0

DC

to

CO 0

To

u- 2

CO z

cOoOE

CO

03 CO

24

Projected

world

oil

price

indices

(1991

=1.00)

Oil

Price

Assumption

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.01

1.04

1.07

1.11

1.15

1.20

1.25

1.29
Table

Ca-3,

continued.

Projected

average

fuel

price

indices

tied

to

the

value

of

the

dollar

in

1991, by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel

Census

Region 3

(Delaware,

Maryland,

District

of

Columbia,

Virginia,

West

Virginia,

North

Carolina,

South

Carolina,

Georgia,

Florida,

Kentucky,

Tennessee,

Alabama,

Mississippi,

Arkansas,

Louisiana,

Oklahoma,

Texas)

CMo

CM

CM h- CO Is- CD Tf ID CO

O

O (O 00 O) lO

05 CO

T- CD

O TO

CO CD

t- CM t- IsCD

O

CMO

CM

O 00

7— '3- t- ID CO IsIfl CM CO tO o to od o) in

CO

CD

00 CO o N CO LD

7“ CM 7—

LD

CD

05O

CM

O CD

7— 05 CO

CM

N

LO

OO 00 05

O CO 00 CO Tf CO 05

7- CD CD CD 05 N CO ^

CM t-‘

CO

CO

00o

CM

05 CD o -o- 00 t- CM Is- CD 05 05 CD 00 O CD N CO cf

00 Is- 7- CD

M- CO 00 N CO

CM

CD

O

CM

05 CO o or CD 05

CM CD

or Is- cd or co o cd n— co or CO CD

7- CD

CM

O 00 Is- co or

7— C\i 7—

05

CD

CDo

CM

05 7- o or cd rCM CD orororcMh- o cd h- co or Is- co

T- CD

O

N S Is- cm or

7— C\i 7—

h-CD

CO05O

T3

_c

05O

053

Li-0505

CO

i_0><

T30O0

'o oo

05

05

CDO

CMO

CM

COO

CM

CMOCMOCM

00

O o or

oo Is- o co

00 CD o co Is- CO o co Is- o O CO

CO CD

CM CD

7- CM

CM CD

05

O 7- CD Is- r- T- ID

ID of 7- ID

CO CO CM

O CD o cd r- co or

CO

O 05 Is- ID

O ID CD S 7t

co oo Is- or id o or cd r- or

CO CD CO

O of o or cd Is- or

CM CM

O Is- CO o of cd co or Is- CM

T- ID

CO 05

t- or

oo or cd CO CM Of

7-' CM TCD t- ID

CD CM or

7- 7- 7- CM

CD Is7— Of

CD of

7— Of

ID

CO

N to

CD 7- of 7— CM 7— O CO of CD 7- of

7- 7- CM

CD 05 CO

CD

O of

7- 7- C\i TLD

CD

CO

CD

050O

toc

05 -r- 0 o

•c o O

Q. CD 1 " "" o 21 f

•a0w in 0

’ow

0-

OCM

CD 00 O CM CO

ID

CM

O 00 ID CO

O of ID CD of

ID 05

7- CO

of CD CO

id o or 7- 7- CM

co

or

05ooCMCD Is- O CMCM 00

7- Of

7- 05 CD 7- 05 O CO CD CD CO

or co

7- co

CO 00 05

CD 05 CO

00oo

CM

ID CD O CM

7- CD

7- Of

7- Is- Of 05 CD O CO ID ID CO

or CD 7- ID 00

7- CO ID 05 CO

05CO

ro- cso

CM

id or O CM

O Of

7- of 7- ID CM CD ID O CO ID ID CO

CO of 05 05 ID

7- CO or 00 CO

CDCO

CDO

CM

of CM O CM 00

O

O Of

O CM 05O CM

O CO of ID CO

CO 7- CD

O CO

7- co or co co

CO

co 03

LL"Oc

coo0

CO

CO >7

U

‘C .to 0 c o *- 0 -c SS 1° o 5 w

_ $

05 « £ CO 1 LU Q J Z

CO

co co o o 0 ok_ & 0 To

"co 0 o co 3 w3

CO EEo

•3O0 To

T3

‘co0 Z wO LU b CL

C/5

—

—

— CO

—

co 55 . O

O co in O >> w rrj

O _0 75 § B w r O 5 E £ = 2 -o 2 E 2 to o 5 m 2 « 03 -g 0 ffi 2 2 CO CLUQIT 2 C0 co

Q.E3

co

co <0

C5

25 *

Indices

are

reported

for

years

2017-2021

to

accommodate a

planning/construction

period

of

up

to5

years.
Table

Ca-4.

Projected

average

fuel

price

indices

tied

to

the

value

of

the

dollar

in

1991, by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel

Census

Region 4

(Montana,

Idaho,

Wyoming,

Colorado,

New

Mexico,

Arizona,

Utah,

Nevada,

Washington,

Oregon,

California,

Alaska,

Hawaii) 00o

T3jZ0o

•c0 o 0 O 0

CD0h_0>

05

CD <

T30O0

'o

k_ 0.

in i CO T- CO ln o 05 CO CO CO

N CM CO CO

O 1 O CM o co o CM CO

O CM in CM 11

y—

T” <r" T_ T— T_

T~ 1 CO CO 05 o in CD CO CM CO CO r"-

m CM

O 1 o o CM o CM CM CO T- o CM CO

CM 11 T“ T“ T_ y—

T" 'r- y—

T~

CO 1 CO in CM in 05 LO CM CM o CO CD o O 1 o o CM 05 CM CM CO o CM CO CO

CM 1 y—

y i- o T- T— T— i- T” T— T- i- 1-

CM 1 in CM

O CO CO CM CO CO CO CO CM o>

O o o CM CD CM CM T“ o CM CO

O

C\J 11 d 'r‘ y— T— 1 CD N- in CM 00 CD O CM CM CO CM 00 o 1 o O CD 05 o T- CM CM o

CsJ 1 *1— o t- o y— T- T- T- 1— T- T- T- 1— o 1 CO CO CO o CO 05 ’TT o O 00 CD in o 1 q o 05 05 O T— T— T— o o 1— T— O o

CM 11 T~ r- o T“ o y— r- T~ T- T- T~ r- y—

05 1 CM ''t co CO in CM o 05

O in in o CO

05

05 1 o o q o 05 o T—

O

O o T- T”O 11 T- T- o T“ o T- T- T— T- T- T- T— i00 i T- CM co co co CO 05 CO D- 05 CM CM in m

05 i O

O 05 o 05 o o o o 05 o T- o o 05 iii o T— o T_ T" T_ o T—

r". i CM CM CM CM CO in CO 05 CM in 05 i O o 05 o 05 o o o o 05 o o o

05 11 T- T- o T- o y 1- T— T— o 1- T- T- 1-

co 1 T— T— CM CM CO CM CD in CO 05 CM T- CO

05 1 o O 05

O 05OO o o 05 o TO o

G) 11 •>-

O o T~ T- o y— T- -T- Tin i CM CM CM 00 CM CD in LO 05 y— y CO

05 i O o 05

O 05OO o o 05 o 1-

O o

G) 11 T- Td

T

d T- T- T- o T- 1 y- y— CM CO CM h- in in 05 CM o CO

05 1 CD o 05

O 05 o o o o CD o T“ o o

05 11 T- 1- o T~ o 1- r- 1- i- o y i- 1— TCO 1 O y— in 05 CM CD CO 05 CM h- CM co

05 1 O

O 05 o 05 o o o o CD

O o O o

05 11 o o y— o y— T_

CM 1 o N- o 05 CM CM CM o CM in o CM 05 1 o o 05 o 05 o o O O o o q o o

05** 1 o o T— T— o o o o o o o o o o o o O o

0505 o o o o o o o o o o o o q

q 1

T—

T" 00Oc0io-»—I o0

CO 0 >,

O

ie .r: 0 c o — 0 -c i? 3 o 5 0 0 0 ® rr, ^ 0 —

— 0 _

— 0 0 0 b 0 0 0 O 0 0 O

"0 0L-0 0 00 00 0

"0

OO

r- 0

•c

O 00 00 00 O

Q.

k_00 EEr\ 00 0 000

u.00 E00+—1 00

T5

O0 0

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'00 00

_l z wO LU

b cr z U) C LU

b cc z

26

Projected

world

oil

price

indices

(1991

=1.00)

Oil

Price

Assumption

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.01

1.04

1.07

1.11

1.15

1.20

1.25

1.29
Table

Ca-4,

continued.

Projected

average

fuel

price

indices

tied

to

the

value

of

the

dollar

in

1991, by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel

Census

Region 4

(Montana,

Idaho,

Wyoming,

Colorado,

New

Mexico,

Arizona,

Utah,

Nevada,

Washington,

Oregon,

California,

Alaska,

Hawaii)

V)oo

r>c

03o oo

03 || O) 11 CO 1- IS< w o03o

’oCL « \ ID i— <r- CD ID 03 CO CM y— CO 00 i i ID co q o CD CD 00 CM CO CO o q i CD

CNJ o 1j 1— »— T- v— i— 1— T— T- CM i— | i— CM i i « i ID O o LD CD LD CM 03 CD i LD O i »— CD q q O CD CD 00 CM CD h- O q i CD CMo 1| i- T- 1- 1— T- «*— T“ 1— T~ CM T“ 1| »— CM i i « i CO 00 CM CD y— CO LD CM CO 03 CD i CO

03 i i— O’ CM

O CD CD CO CM y— LD NO CM i CD o 1| T“ r- T- CM T— 1| T-’ CM i i « i o- y— CD O y— CO y— CO ID T“ CD i y— 00 i T— CM N O CD CD CO CM T— LD O CM i CD o 1| T— •<- T- f- 1- T- T“ 1— TTM CM t— 1| T- CM i i « i O’ ID ID 03 CD CO 03 y- O CO ID CM 03 ID i 03

r-» i y— o- CM CD

O ID LD CO CM y— LD r-- 03 CM i ID i i o | “ | x~" CM i i

CD i CO O’ CD LD CD N. 00O CO CO o CD ID i *"* q q O LD ID CM LD 03 CM i LD o

CM iii

T_ T_ ii

LD i co

_ CM ID ID ID CD 03 CM 00 i LD i O; CM CD O LD LD N- ID CD 03 CM LD o

CM iii T

y~ T~~T“"T” T,~ r~~T” T” T"”T” ii

C/3

T

o- i CO 03

O CM CM co 03 CM 03 CD y— 1 ® ' £

CO

T— i T— CO CM CO

O LD ID 1^. y— CO 03 CM LD

O i 1 T3

CM i T T_

TTT * t T_ i .E

03 ^ 

o o CO i co N. CO 03 O’ 03 o CO T— r^- CO co co 1 •= o o o 1j T~. q T q o O’ LD T T CD co CM Q. T— q

CM ii T~ T” T” 1 o il

CM i CM o- CD CD CD r-~ O’ o O’ CM

a i *- 0303 CO i y— co y— tD o O’ O’ CD T— 'sr CD CO CM 1 9 O’

O i i $

CM 1j ' T

T ’ " 1 T ’ TTT i T

03 V— i CM O’ CO CO CO O’ N- T— T— CM 1 ^ LD

T— i T— CO ID o O’ O’ CD T— ID oo CM 1 .9. O i o

CM i T” T“ T” T“"

T’"

T“ lr~ T” T” T“ “ £ T“ i 1 CL

O i y— o CM CO CM CM CDO 03 O’ CO y- 1 CO i CO q o O’ CD T— CO ID CM o

CM iii

T_ T_ iii 'r~~

O) i _ 03

_ N- CO o 00 CD o CO CO CO 03 i o CM O; o O’ O' LD CO LD h- i o

CM iii

’* •r_ T— T— ii

00 i Is- O CD co CO o CD LD o CO o i 03 oo i CM o CO LD CO ID r- CM i q

CM iii

T_ T“ iii i o CD 03 CO CM CD 00 CO 03 03 CD CD i CO o i CM o o; o CO co ID o CO CD i CO

CM ii T~ 'r“ ii

CD i 03 co co 03 CO CD 00 CO CO CD

O O’ i CO

O i o CM o q o CO CO o CO CD

— i q

CM |

T_ 1| c | | o

033 iij iii

H.c

LL 1 j 3 DC

cooo

03 cn

Residential

Electricity

Distillate

Oil

LPG

Natural

Gas

Commercial

Electricity

Distillate

Oil

Residual

Oil

Natural

Gas

Steam

Coal

Industrial

Electricity

Distillate

Oil

Residual

Oil

Natural

Gas

Steam

Coal iiiiiiiiii

C/3

C/3 <

03O

dI6

27 *

Indices

are

reported

for

years

2017-2021

to

accommodate a

planning/construction

period

ofup

to5

years.
d)

— 3 0

03 £ > k_ 0) o £o E o DC 0 0

k_

W

O 0o o0

05 c CD CD C/3 O I 'k_a T3C 0 0

=3 >>

M—0 . 05 T“

03 05

k. 05

CD>

co

C

•o t— 05 0 o o 0 o

‘o

ka. 0 0. £

LOI1 CO o0n0

l050552

«0 aa

CO

C/5 05Odc

0)o oo

II 0)05

C3 tJr 05 ^

05 < w o05O

05^ 'o

LO 1 05 Is* CO r- 05 CO CO 1^ N- o LO T— OO 11 o T— o CO 05 CM CO CM o CM CO CM q

CM 11 1 <r" T” d T—

T“ T~ r“ ^ 1 CM r- o CD LO LO CD CO CO o CO r^. O 1 O T— o CO 05 CM CO CO CM O CM CO LO CM O 1 CM 11 o - 1 T“ -

co i CM CM r-- CO

O o CO LO 05 CM CO o LO

O 1 o o q 05 CM CO CO CM

O T— CO o- CM

CM 11

T—T~ T— o T— 1— T—

T"

CM 1 T

_ ^ 05 CM LO CD CO 00 LO Is- LO r^- CM

O 1 o 05 CM 05 CM CM T“ o y— CM COT 1— CM 11 d o T“ T_ T" T_ T“

T— | o CO CO LO CM o CD CM 1— CM LO

O o l o o q

y~m 05 CM CM r—

O T“ CM CM T—

CM 11 o T_ o T“ T— T— O 1 05 CD Lf) CM LO CO N- LO LO 00 00 CO N- O 1 05 q 05 05 o “ o o y— O

CM 11 o T_ o o T— T—

05 1 CO co CO LO LO o CO o LO 'S’ 05 CM LO 05 1 05 1 T“ |1

05 o 05 o 05 o T" T— o o o y— o o r— o o T“

CO 1 00 CM LO LO CO r- o CM o CO

05 1 05 1105 o 05 o 05 o o T" o o y~ o y— o d d o T— T— 'l- T“ r— 1 05 TT CO CM O CO O o CM o CM 05 CM 05 1 05 o 05 o 05 O 1— o T— o O T— o o O O) 1 T— |1 d T— o T_ o T_

co i o CO h- CM o LO CO 00 CM 05 1 05 1 T“ 11 o q 05 q 05 O o o o o o o o o o T“ T_ T_

LO 1 CM CO 05 CM LO 00 CM CM 05 1 05 1 O o 05 o 05 O T“ o o o o o o o d d T— T“ T~ T— T—

•C | CO

_ CO CO_ CM 05 LO r^- CM CM 05 05 1 05 1 i— |1 o o q o o O O o o O O O o o o

T_ o T“ T~

T“ T~ T—

CO 1 T— T— LO CO o CM LO CM o LO 05 1 05 | O O 05 o o O o o O o O o o o o

T“ o T“

CM 1 1 co CM

_ CM LO co CM LO 00 CM CM

05 1 05 1 o O 05 o o O o o O o o q

q o o o T“ T_ T~ o T_ 'r~ o o o o o O o o o o o o o o o

05

05 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o T- 1_

053

LLoC

COo

05 CO

CO >>

O

*= .d o C o to

05 -c

a

Ijsffl £ CD 6 S

C/5 CO 0

"5

k.o

CO

g ~ 2 i _

U

g

'£ ^ 5 E 1 1 « s 1 1 o LU Q CL Z CO

>,° ° g §

ffl ~ ® 0 _

O SsS^fiE n u *= « 2 5

-n J2 .2? 05 co

a c lil Q DC z (0

05

C

C £ Q

TO

TO£ o O

a. k. w o c 3=: co £

28

Projected

world

oil

price

indices

(1991

=1.00)

Oil

Price

Assumption

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.01

1.04

1.07

1.11

1.15

1.20

1.25

1.29
0) £ >2 o o

*D £ 0 E » 1 8 « 1 2 • - O 8 S

'5. 8 _ D 0) I P T3C 0 0

O)

v ro £a o

-1

1-

®

(0 £> qr 5 8 2 ¥ <0 £ 5j >*- CB 0 CO 0 -G i •§ >5 0n

V)

CDadc0o

Q) o 3 O

CL ,L 0 II CT>

11 0 r- $ « < W a0o0

‘ow

CL « 1 0 03 CO CM CM 0 CM CM 03 0 CO 0 1 1— 1 q CO q O CD Is- 03 0- CVJ CO CM q 1 q 0 1| 1— T“ T- T- 1- T“ I” T- r- T“ T“ CM T“ l— | CM 1 1 « 1 0 CO CM CO CM in CO y_ CO O CO 00 CM 03 1 in O 1 CO q O CO r- CO T-m CO Is- q q 1 co

CVJ 0 1| T- -T— 1— -1— T- 1— T— *!— 1— T- 1— T— CM 1— y- 1j y- CM 1 1 « 1 03 CD O CO CM 03 CO CO CO CO in in CM 1 CO

03 1 O CO NO in N- CO >cr y— in h- T— 1 CO O 1| T- T— T— T- T- T- T- T“ T— y— CM T- T— 1| CM 1 1 « 1 03 03 CM y— N- O CO N- CO y— CO 1 r- CO 1 O CM r- O in N- 00 y— in N- y— rf 1 CO 0 1| T— T-' 1-' 1- T- T- T- T— T- T- CM T- T— 1| T— CM 1 1 « 1 03 CM h- 03 r- in 03 03 CO in 0 O 1 03

h» 1 q

qqq 0 in CD co co t-;

qq T“q 1 q

O 1| T- T- T- T— y— T- 1— y— T- 1— T- T“ CM t— 1— 1| T— CM 1 1

CO 1 03 T— in y— CO co 03 03 CO CO 03

O CM 1 1^ “ 1 O q q O in CO r>. CO T“ q q q 1 in OCVJ 111

T— T- T_ T— y— T— CM 111

in 1 00 03 'sr in

O in CO CM N- in 03 0 1 in

O

r— 1 0 00

q CO

O in co N- CO

q CO 0 COq

eg 111

T—

T” ’ T_ rmm f CM y— T—> 11 0 T~

’a- 1 00 h- CM CO

O 03 CM CM co in CM CO CO

® co

T— 1 0 CO CM CD

O CO co y— co 0 CO CO 1 £ in

O 1 CM 1 T3

CM 1 T_ *“ T—

T“ T“ 1 .E 1 1 0O 0 CO 1 00 in O O O 1^. 03 N- — CO CM 00 co 1 -c 0 0 O 1j q CO q q O n CO T CO 03 CO q CL q

CM 11

l— T— r— j O 11

CM 1 CM CO rO CO co CO co 03 in N- co

O1 *- 03

03 co 1 0 co t— in O O' in co co TJ- in 03 CO co 1 2 O 1 1 £ . CM 1j

T“ T— T“ TTMT” T“ T“ ! T3 T 1 0

T— 1 r- 03 in 03 T— CO in in 7— 0 co 7— CO 0 1 y in T— 1 0 CM 1— in 03 in co co T— m 03 co CO 1 .21 •o- OCM 1| tL r-' T“ d T~ T- y— T- T- T- T- 2 1 1 Q- O 1 CO 00 CM 03 03 y— CM in O CO co CO in 03 1 co “ q CM q 03 q q q q CO in CO co q 1 O

CVJ 111 d T_ T_ T_ 11

03 1 CO CO 00 CO CO 0 CO CM 03 CM CM co 00 1 0 0 q 03 CO q q q O co in 00 co q 1 0CVJ 111 d 'T— T~ T“" T- y— y— 111

00 1 in in CM Is* 00 co 00 co 0 03 in 0 03 CO 1 03 0 1 0 CM T“ 03 CO in co O co in N- CO q 1 CO 0CVJ 111 d y— T~ i11 T

”"

h- 1 in TT 00 CO co CO 03 CO co in 03 in 1 CO 0 1 q q T— q 03 CO cr in CM O CO CM q 1 CO 0CVJ 111 d T_ y— T“ 11 CO 1 CM 03 0 h~ CO CO r- CO 0 in h- N- co 1 CO 0 1 q q q q 03 CO CM 0 co CO CM CM 1 CO 0CVJ 11| 'r" d T~ T“ T— “ 1j c | | 0 0D 11 0 11 Q.E

LL 1 c c | 3 0c0000

CO

Residential

Electricity

Distillate

Oil

LPG

Natural

Gas

Commercial

Electricity

Distillate

Oil

Residual

Oil

Natural

Gas

Steam

Coal

Industrial

Electricity

Distillate

Oil

Residual

Oil

Natural

Gas

Steam

Coal

Transporta

tic

Motor

Gasol 1111111111 C/3 C/3 <0O

CL5

29

‘Indices

are

reported

for

years

2017-2021

to

accommodate a

planning/construction

period

of

up

to5

years.
* 1 CO T— T— T— o T“ j in o o o

CMO o 1 £ o i b tC r- CM CM 1

CO i— t- i— CO mOOCD^ O 1- 7- OCO

in 1- T- T- CO o o o <acn0

re

L_co

re

rea c _ o 0) 5

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CD

C o 0 - •{? a 8 E 5 = re 0

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g-E a?* £< O ^ -K o . S 0 c 5 c 'I - 3 ^ 03 0 ^ t3 -0^0 O c £ 0 o

011 C3) Qj <~r re of a *-* n- 03 C ^ C 0 <0 O“ 3 C «o saa o in 11 m

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CM £ 5CM 111 b

in

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o b o iii m in in in o 00 n n s in

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in ^ o 1 in T— 03 in o 03 CD CD in Is- o T- o CD 1 CM i

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CM £ oCM 111 b c\i

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30

Escalation

rates

are

reported

for

years

2017-2021

to

accommodate a

planning/construction

period

of

up

to5

years.
« 1 CO T— V— 1— CO y— T- y— CO CO -t— T— CO i y— o T— j in o o o LO O O O in o o O i o

CMO

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ro I I

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CM CM iii d T— o T_ 1_ o o rm" 1_ o iii

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CM CM 111 o CM o CM 1— o T— CM 111

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31

‘Escalation

rates

are

reported

for

years

2017-2021

to

accommodate a

planning/construction

period

ofup

to5

years.
* 1 00 T— y— o 1— 1 in o o o CMO o W 1 2 o i d T“

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co - l r- 1 £ 1 .2 c i co ^ ! S ^ ! c/3 .55 I — S S> ! S

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to LU b _J z o LU b CE Z CO c LU b 3 CO co

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32

Escalation

rates

are

reported

for

years

2017-2021

to

accommodate a

planning/construction

period

of

up

to5

years.
oCVJ CM o is o

CM CM

CO T- T- •>- LO o o o d t- i- >-co

LO

T“ T— T“ CO O O O re 00

LO

T- T- r- 00 0 0 0-3-

w00k_co0a § a

Q) iJO 0 C o •-

Q. o 0 Q. 3 Jr 0 2

S> o 0L- 5;Q) 0 O) 0 O

"D Q) 0 > O 'w .0 J3

'o'

O

A"

X

Q. o 03CC0 0 "§

ff.2. g 1 1 ? 8 0 0

u. O) O C y JS 883I -oc0

*&c0u

co£ 1 * 1 CO 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 05 CO 0 0 O 05 1 0 0 5 1 LO O 1 CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM re- CM CM CM CM •re 1 CM * 11 O O

CM 1 O 1 d ri y— Td -- 1- Td

d T- T— T“d l1 T-' 0 * 1 CM CM 1 l co

-5C *0 a £

o' .re 0 c 1 £ ! LO LO LO LO 10 LO LO LO 0 LO LO LO LO 0 1 LO 2 1 co q q q CO h- Is- 10 CO q q h- q 1 q 0 O O d y— y— T— d T

T— y—

dd 1— r— T—d

T

0 re | CM CM l 0 O

C35 c 0 0 P 05 C 0 0 > 1 O 1 LOO

co 05 re- 05 T— 7— y— y- CO CO LO LO l co c 1 O

10 CO

T CM LO 00 re; LOqq

N

qq co 1 q 0 O O d T— CM d T— y— CM d d T— T— co y— T— •c 1 CM CM 1 co a

co

a ca k Crs

re 1 LOO 0 CO

O 05 co CMO CO CM CO 05 re- CM 1 CM § 1 O Q 0 CO N. LO q q •re CM CO CO 00 q 1j co O 0 T— CM CM d CO co TJ* d y— CO CO 10 T— CO

re 1 CM CM l c0 -c 5> S 1 0 re 5 c 1 LO05 0 CO CO CO CO 10 CM r- CM 05 co N- l CO

<o

cr .8c 1j Q ° CM 05 r- 10 CO CO

qq 05 CM CM CM co CO 1j CO 0 | 05 4—« O d d d T— d T— T” T— d d 1— T— CM d | 1

0 1 CM 1 1 nO00

I- I 05

LO05

05 iS 05

re- co

N 00 LO 00 CM y— 00 CO co 0 co re 1 0

re- CM

q re- re- co Tq CM CO r- co 05 0 d d CM d d d CM T— -r-’ d d CM d d 0 s

LJ- ! Icoo

Q)

C/3

co *3C

CD o‘55

cc

CO

co 0E3

03Ok.

Jj3 co D. co -O 0 - 0 0 — •= co <= co ~ = 0 L= O -z: 05 co 3 iS

03 cr co LU O _J Z 0 . o o S 5 1 -f 03 co ^ 3 E £ M 1 2 E | 8 1 3 i I q LU Q 0 Z C/)

>oo«g i -f 2 « _ o 3 re is = "o —

5{3 o •;=

‘co 3 03 •O 03 .co 0 CO 52 c lu o cr z 0 co

Q.E3

(OCO <0O

33

‘Escalation

rates

are

reported

for

years

2017-2021

to

accommodate a

planning/construction

period

of

up

to5

years.
Table

Cb-5.

Projected

average

fuel

price

escalation

rates

exclusive

of

general

price

inflation

by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel

(percentage

change

compounded

annually)

United

States A

verage o

CM CM o a o

CM CM

COin o o o

CO r- i- i- CO inooo'q- o t- i- 6

CO “ t— r- 00

in o o o t « 1 CO O O O CO o o o 05 co o o O 05 o in o i CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM o CM 1 o 2 o i CM CM 1 6 T_ o T— o o T_ T— o £ ' in in in in in in in in o in in LO in o m i in co rv iv CO iv. N. iv m CO iv |v LO fv i |v. O

CM 2 oCM o o T“ o d

d iii

in o O Q

V- 1 CM CM 05 •'I- 00 CM y—

O CO co CO 'T CM in 1 00 1 in CO CM CM CO IV. CD in CO 1^ CO CO CO CM 11 05 o 2 o 11 o ^

CM o r- T— CM o T— T— CO ^

T~ 11 CM CM 11 11 oo

in o °

TT00

fv

•C; COCO

T—q

CO CMCO oin

r^LO CO

(v.

^3" CMCO

in

co oCD

CD

CO iii

CM

CO oCM 2 o

CM

O CM CM tj- o CO co

T” CO co CO c\j •ii CO

in o

05 0 °

CO y— to CO 05 05 o IV. 05

O co in o CO 1 00

in O) 00 in 05 CM CM IV. CM CM CM rv CM o 1 00

05 2 o 1- CM

di o o di T” T—

di CM 11

r— s i

05 co co CO CO 05 'T in rv |v in co y- o 00 1 o

CM 00 00 r- CO in CM 05 00 cq co 00 TT o

05 | o o CM1 d o1 d CM T” T“

d o CM o o ° itiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiii

0)3oc

COoo

0) w IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

V)

co 0E3

05o — 05 10

—

— (0 o 0. TO TO o o TO 2*

"o

Q)

03

D

05 13 0

TO

"o

k_05 o

0)

c5

TO3 0

TO o

0) CO

053

cr 3

TO EEQ o

05 To

TD

'(0 05 3

TO LU b _J z O UJ Q CE z

COoOE

co

05 CO « o

-D 2 C LU

10 b o

"co3D

'co 05 DC

<o

—

co « 0 p

CO 2

CO z OE

co

05 CO IIIII c ! -2

a.

0) E Co c s Q in

03 tr

CO

03 < o o 05 CL u. C5 CO o •c c a

03 o i w. h- 2 0

34

‘Escalation

rates

are

reported

for

years

2017-2021

to

accommodate a

planning/construction

period

ofup

to5

years.
Factors for updating appliance label values in compliance with the Energy Conservation

Mandatory Performance Standards for New Federal Residential Buildings (10 CFR 435)

Compliance with energy conservation performance standards for new Federal residential buildings

requires calculation of a building’s energy costs, including appliance costs. For this purpose, label values for gas and electric water heaters are given in the Federal micro-computer program,

COSTSAFR, as $176 and $406 per year, respectively, in 1987 dollars, and for refrigerator/freezers,

as $61 per year in 1987 dollars. To adjust 1987 prices to today’s prices, multiply these 1987 label

values by the factors below.

Table D. Factors for updating appliance label values

Fuel Factor

Gas 1.14

Electricity 1.15

35
PART II: TABLES FOR PRIVATE SECTOR LIFE-CYCLE COST

ANALYSIS

Projected average fuel price indices for private sector use

(Indices are given inclusive of four alternative rates of general price inflation)

This section presents in tables S-l through S-5 projected average fuel price indices for 4 fuels in the

residential sector and 5 fuels in the commercial sector for each of the years from 1991 through 2021.

They update tables originally published in the report, Comprehensive Guide for Least-Cost Energy

Decisions (NBS SP 709).

As a convenience for the user, the indices include the effect of four alternative, hypothetical rates of general price inflation: 0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 percent. Selection of these rates is intended in no way

to suggest what actual rates might be. Use of the indices produce price estimates which are in current dollars, inclusive of general price inflation. Current dollar prices are needed when

discounting is performed with discount rates which include general price inflation. For the case of

0 percent inflation, the price indices in the S series of tables are identical to those in the counterpart

Ca table series. When there is no inflation, there is no difference between constant and current

dollars.

The indices based on inflation rates of 2.5, 5, and 7.5 percent allow the analyst to perform

evaluations based on the assumption of a positive rate of general price inflation that changes the

purchasing power of the dollar. Performing evaluations in current dollars is sometimes preferred

for private investment decisions, primarily because it facilitates the treatment of taxes.

The indices in tables S-l through S-5 are derived from the indices reported in tables Ca-1 through

Ca-5 by means of the following equation:

Is = I c x (1 + g)N

,

where IsIcg

N

index found in tables S-l through S-5;

index found in tables Ca-1 through Ca-5;

annual rate of general price inflation in decimal form; and

number of periods, in this case equal to the year of the index minus

1991.

Example of How to Use the Indices:

Suppose you wish to estimate the present value of energy savings in year 2000, and you expect an annual inflation rate of 5 percent per year. Taking natural gas for residential use in Maryland,

estimate present value savings as follows: (1) multiply today’s price for residential natural gas in Maryland by the projected quantity of energy savings in the year 2000 to estimate savings in the year

2000 in today’s prices; (2) go to table S-3, find the year 2000 index for residential natural gas at a

5 percent inflation rate (1.73), and multiply the index by the result from (1) to determine savings in

the year 2000 in 2000 prices; and (3) discount the savings back to the present, using an SPW factor

36
based on a discount rate that reflects a 5 percent inflation rate. To obtain present value savings over

the entire study period, this calculation must be repeated for each year that there are savings, and

the results summed. (UPW* factors are not given for private sector use because of the large number

of tables required to cover potential discount rates that might be used by the analyst. Of course the

private sector analyst may use the UPW* factors provided in Part I, provided (1) the analysis is performed in constant dollars, and (2) the desired discount rate is either 4.6% or 10%. The

DISCOUNT program (version 3.1) included with BLCC can perform these calculations on a personal

computer (see page iv for information on DISCOUNT).)

For further explanation of the use of these indices, see NBS Special Publication 709, appendix B,

Part I.

The data in the tables which follow are reported for the 4 Census regions and the U.S. average.

Figure B-l presents a map showing the states corresponding to the 4 Census regions. The Census

regions do not include American Samoa, Canal Zone, Guam, Puerto Rico, Trust Territory of the

Pacific Islands, or the Virgin Islands. Analysts of Federal projects in these areas should use data

which are "reasonable under the circumstances," and may refer to the tables with U.S. average data

for guidance.

Note: Motor gasoline data are not available for the 4 Census regions. Refer to the U.S. average

motor gasoline data for guidance.

37
Table

S-1.

Projected

average

fuel

price

indices

with

assumed

general

price

inflation

rates

of

0,

2.5,

5,

and

7.5

percent,

by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel.

Census

Region 1

(Maine,

New

Hampshire,

Vermont,

Massachusetts,

Connecticut,

Rhode

Island,

New

York,

New

Jersey,

Pennsylvania)

co<

CD

_j<

ddz>

h-<2

CO<

CD

2)LUI o

CL

\—LU

0.O

_J UJ < LL — LU

LUQ

CO

LU

DC LU

LU

I—3

COQ

>-o

DC

I—O

LU

_1

LU o CO CO in LO r- CD o 00 CO

©

© OTK

©

K©O y—© o ro

© o o y~m CM CO in CO 00 o CO in CO y— © © © © O © O © © © © © © ©

T- 1- T- y- T~ T- -r- 1- r- CM CM CM CM CO CO CO

© LO CO

© N-’ 00© o © co T

"' r—

T~ o m T— r- CO © CO in N- CD © CM CD © © © CD © CD © © CD © LO 1 © o o CM CM CO m CO 00 CD y— CD © N- © t- CD © D- O CD © © © © © © T" T_ CM C\i CM CM CM © CD CO CO LO ih © © © o CM co CD CM CO ^ CO in CO CO CM O O O O © © © © © N- ro CO © o _ © o O o O y— y— CM CM CO in © N © © o o y— © © © © CO © T- © © T“ i- CM C\j CM CM CM CM © CM © CM © CO © CO © o o CM in CO co O © © _ © r-- © © © © © © © © o o o o O o O o o o y- CM CM CM © CO © CD LO © LO © LO CD © ©

T— 1— T- T— i— 1— l— T— y— T- 1— i— 1— T- 1— 1— T— 1— T— -i— T— i— - 1— T— I— -T— •f—

©

©|

o'

in

in

o|

inN

in

o|

CE<

LU> O *r f'-

©©© •O' ro

© o o © o N-©

©©

© O)©© o 00 ro Tj-©©©

w

re o o i— 1— © © -r © © ro o © <r © © T— O; q q © h- CM © ro or ro © or © o T“ 1 1 1 T~ ’r— T~ © © © © CM CO CO CO or or © © © cb r- 00 ro © d - ©o o © © © © 00 •O' o © ro ro o © © © © © T— O) 1

© N- T— © CM o ro o © Q. q q o o i— 1— © © © •O; © N- ro © q © © © © ro o> © or © © D- © CO © 3

T_T“ ,_ T_

T~ 'r“ 'r_ ,

T—

© CM CM CM CM

© CM CO co CO cb or or

©

©

O o © o © >r r^- o © © or o © © © © r- © ro LO © © © CD © or ©

T3O o © o q o o o 1— t- T— © © CO or •o; © © © h- 00 © o O— i— © 00 or © © ‘C

reQ.c

T_

d T_ T- T_ T_ T_ T_ T_

T“ ,ii

CM CM CM CM CM CM©©© o h- © ^T © © © CD •o- © © © © N- © o o T— CO © N- © © TT © K © o o q © © © © © © © © © © © o o o o o 1- o— t— T- 0— 0— 0— © © CM © © © © o 7 o o o o o o o o o o o 1 1 T*~ T“ T~ T" T— 1~ 1 r“ T“ ,— 1 COc o © © LO © © © © © © © O ro N- © © © © r^ o N. CD © CD © © © © O)

r—

q o T—

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© ro o © or©

©©©©© o o © y— ro

©

© 0—©©

© >— 'r_ T“ o- T” T_ CM CM © CM © cb cb cb or © LO cb cb Is- r- 00 © d o - © cc

i5 o © CM N- CO © © © © © © or © © © © © © © © co © © or © 00 ©

Q.

03 o q T— T— CM © © or © © q ro o T— © © © ro q © © © y—_ or D' q co © o or

"?— T- T- T~ y~~ <- T- T- T- CM CM CM CM CM CM cb cb CO cb cb or or

©

©© cb cb 0

~o o © © y— r^- y— © © CO © © o CO © © o CD y— o o o © © o o r- i- o o o o y— t— © © CD CO © © © 00 © © O y— © © li) © © ro © o y— E

T— 0- 0“ 0“ o' 0- o- o- 0- 0“ T— CM

©© cvi

© CM© CM cvi CM cb CD coo o © CD CO © © © y— © LO © r~- © © 00 o © © N- 00 o

re o o o o o o o o o o o y— © © © © © © © © © © o T"“ T“ T— T” y~ -T_* T— ’ 1 T_ T~ r— ©o o 1^ © © o N- LO LO © o CD CD CD © © r- f^- © © 00 © © ro © © CO 00 © ©i o o © © © © © ro © © © ro o CM o © r^- o © © CO 03 CD o

0“ o- o- o- o- 0- 0“ o- o- CM

© CM CM© cb cb cb cb

©

©

©©©K

k C0 CM

CO o o © © © 00 D' © © O © © ro © © r- o K © © © N- © © © S0 o o T— © © © © © © N- 00 © o y— © LO © 00 © CM CD 00 O CM o- 0- 0“ o- o- o- o- o- y— CM CM CM CM © CM CM CM © cb cb cb cb l—o o CM LO CO CO 00 o © 00 K LO ro © © © N- ^ © O © o LO o LO •O

re o o o o o o T

y-

©

©©

©©© rr

©©©© r- h' ro CO O) CD o O

C

1- 1- i- T- 1- 1“ T- y~~ T- y- y- T- T- T- T~ T- I” y- T- I" y- y— y- y- y—

©© Q.

CD o o O o © © © © tT © © © © © © © © cr © © © © © K h- CO CO CO 03 0 o o o o © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © 03 03 q 03 03

CD *- *- T- o o d o d d o o o o o o d d d d o o o d d o o O o O d CD0 « « « « « O

T3

T— CM CO Tf

©© N- ro© o y-

©

© TT

©

© r- ro

© o T-

© co »r

©

©

N CO 03 o y—

C

03 03 03 03©©©©

© o o o o O o o o o o T y— “ ,— y~“ y~~ “ CM CM « 03 03 03 03 © © © © © o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o O O o O O O © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © CM CM CM CM CM CM CM

38
Table

S-1,

continued.

Projected

average

fuel

price

indices

with

assumed

general

price

inflation

rates

of

0,

2.5,

5,

and

7.5

percent,

by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel.

Census

Region 1

(Maine,

New

Hampshire,

Vermont,

Massachusetts,

Connecticut,

Rhode

Island,

New

York,

New

Jersey,

Pennsylvania) o o T— CO 5

ID CO CM CO CO o CD VO CM CO Tt t- CO CO 05 CD CO 3CD 5 CO o Y— CM CO ID CD CO CD ” CO CD CO yf O CO N- CM CD o LD O CD CM CD TT CM y—

m r- T- T- Y- y- “ y- CM CM CM CM CO CO CO rr yf ID ID CD CD r^‘ CO CO CD o y- CM _l

<.o 8

N. CD TT y- CD s

CD CD CM ID o CD CM CO 7- 7— 7- CO CDO 8

CM o o 7- ?? o y— CM CO CO ID CO O CO CD CD T— CO LD CD - CO CD y— y? O o< m r_ CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CO CO CO CO CO LD LD LD CD O s o LO 03 CM CD o ID CM r>* yJ- CM O ID 3 _ _ O CM a> h- LD CO CM LU S' o “ Y~ Y— CM CM CO CO TT ID CD CO CO o T— T— CM CO CO LD LD CD CO CD f— in T— r- Y— 7— 7— 7— T- 7— 7— y— 7— T— 7— 7— 7— T— 7— CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM U) CM o CM ID h- CO CO CD o 7- CO ID o CO y? ID CD CD CM CM CO s s 8

CD CD h* CO CO CD S' o o O o o o O Y- Y- - CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO o y- Y- y- y- 1- y~ y- Y- Y" Y- y- y- y- y- T- y- r- T- T- “ y- y~ Y“ y- y- y~ T" yco ^ < N < «

OC=3 „ <2 o o O CD CD CD y— ID CO LD 7— CM s

CD 00 CM CD o LD

O CO s 7— 7— CD co o CM CM co TT CD 03 T— yf h- y— CD O LD o CD CM 03 CD CM CM CM CD

r- 7- 7- y- 7- r- f- f- CM CM c\i CO co CO yf ID LD

d CD CO 03 o T- CM CO LD o yf O CD CO O CO o o o CD CO 7_ CO CD O CM CM co LD CD CM CO CD o o o T— CM CM CO TT CD O) y— CM CD T- CO CD CO y— o CO o CO CO ’r" CM CM CM CM CM CO CO CO CO y? TT ID LD LD CD CD CD o ID CD CM ID 00 ID CM o CD CM co s

CD LD CO ID ID CD co

O CM CO LD CD co CD o O O y— y— Y— CM CM CO CD CO CD CM CO LD CD CD O y— CM co CD

*“ CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CO CO CO co CO CO co o CM CO

.04 04 .04 .04 LD CO CM CO CO ID 00 o CO LD co CM S

CD co ID CD o O o O o T CM CM CO co ID LD LD ID CD CD CD N.

03

03>-

inoa3

_1

m

_j LU < 3

LU o

_l<in

a: 3

LU

O

C/D LU in

cvj 2 a: O #o o

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LU

m 3 ^

LU S'

h- ) CM CO 8

CO CD CO CM CO CO CD 7— COK CO 7- 10

O 7— 05O CO co CO 8

05 o X5 ) T~ CM TT LD ID CO O 0M O yf r~ ID 03 y? CO o CD 1— 05 co CO 05 CM _o

7— T“ *- 7- T- 1- 7- CM 0«j CM CM CO CO CO y* ID ID id r^' od 03 03 o 7- CM CO ID 1 3 O CD s o ID CD CO CVJ CM co s

ID 8co CO 03 C\ Tf 03 8 o C ) y- CM t1 ID CO CO 03 CO ID N- 03 ID b- CM ID CO CM ID CO CM o D o ’ ^ T“ r— CM CM CM CM CM CO CO CO CO yf ID ID LD CD CD o > CVJ GO ID CO CO CO S S

CO CM 03 n, Is- CO o T CO CO LD 1^ 05 CM 3 2 3 O y- CM CM CM CO CO ID CO N. CO 7— CM CM co ID CO 05 O Y— CM CO ID ’ *- *“ * CM CM CM CM CM c\i CM cvi CM CM CO CO CO CO CO CO oo ! S 8

CD o o o o CO CD o LD 05 CO 5CD h- §

03 CM 3ID CO o CM yr 03 o y— Cvj CVJ CVJ CO co ID LD ID LD ID CD CD cc

CD 3 03 s. 10 8

(0 o N> CO co CO 03 ID CO CO 8

CO o CD o 03 CM CD CD

Cl

CO 3 O CM ID CO o CM ID CO T~ ID O) GO o (O CO T- 05 h» CO £ • T

T“ 7— T- T- 7— 7- CM Cvj cvj CM CO d d ID ID CD K co 05 05 o Y- CM CO CO T3 > CD CM co CO CD CD yf LD h- o ID 05 h- CD 8 S

CO CM S O CO CD CD \n CO CM ID > O CM CM CO 3 E LD CD GO 05 y- CM CD CM 05 y~ o CD o Eo

CJo

CO ' CM CM CM CM CM CO CO CO CO CO yf TT ID LD ID CD CD CD ! S

N* 03 CM LD CO CM S o CO 8

CM 05 CD ID 8CD CD CO 05 CM o o T— T— CM CM ID ID CD o O CM LD CD CO 05 O CM CO ^ r_ -- *- CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CO CO CO o ) 7— CM CM CM ID N> o 00 ID CO CO S 8

NO CO ID CO 05 CO

D N» CO CVJ > o o O o O o O O O CM CM CM co co CO LD LD LD LD m CM1 • *— 1— T- 7~ 7— 

T— 7- 7~ T- T- T— T— 7— 7- 7- 7- 7— 7- 7- 7— »— Y- Y- r- Y- Y- Y"

O

CM o LD 03 ID LD 8

CO CM CO CVJ 03 03 03 CO ID CD CD 05 CO o o 3 o o CO o

S' o o CM CM CO ID 03 o CM CO ID o CM o CO Y“ LD 05 o 8

in Y- Y- Y- Y- - Y- Y- 7- Y- CM CM CM CM CM CO CO CO co ID ID ID CD CD N. CO CO >- NH* o 3 O CD GO ID CD yf CM 03 GO CO CO CO CO CO CD 7_ CO CM h- CM O fs. LD 3 3

N. o S' o y— T- Y— CM CM CO CO ID LD CD N. CO 05 o CM TT ID CD CO 05 Y- CO CD CM DC

in »“ cvi CM CM CM CM CM CM cvi CO CO CO CO CO rr YLf

KO o CM 3

GO N» 05 CO CD 05 CM CD 05 CO h- ID N. CM CD o ID CD CD 7^ LU S' o o o o o o Y— CM CM CM CO CO ID ID CD CD CO GO 05 05 o o

_J in y— *— T“ y— 7— 7— f— 7- 7— T— 7— T— 7—

TT- 7— 7—

Y

7—

— Y— CM CM LU cvi O 05 05 O ID 3

CO CM CO CO CO CO CO 3 3ID ID 3

ID CD CD co CO 00 CO CO o 03 03 o 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 05 O) 03 O) 03 03 03 03 05 03 05 05 05 05 8 o V- o o r- o o o d o o o o d o o o o o o d o o o o o o o o o o o

Y- CVJ CO in CO h- CO 03 o T- Cvj CO in co r-~ 00 03 o Y— CVJ CO TT

m CO CO 05

O Y~ 05 03 O) 03 03 03 03 03 03 o o o o o o o o o o T— Y— '

Y— *—

—

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Y— T— Cvj CVI CVJ CVJ CVJ CVI CVI CVJ CVJ CVJ CVJ CM cvj cvj CM cvj CVJ CM CM CM CM CM

03U6c

39
Table

S-2.

Projected

average

fuel

price

indices

with

assumed

general

price

inflation

rates

of

0,

2.5,

5,

and

7.5

percent,

by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel.

Census

Region 2

(Ohio,

Indiana,

Illinois,

Michigan,

Wisconsin,

Minnesota,

Iowa,

Missouri,

North

Dakota,

South

Dakota,

Nebraska,

Kansas)

to<O

_i<d

=>

I-<z oo

ID

Oooo

T- T— v- fv CD CD

O CO fv o CO

O CD CM

O O' CD CO N- CM CO CM O' CO CM CO LO CD h- CD 00 y~m CD CO CO CM f'- CO CO LO CM o 00 fv CD |v 00 o CO

y~ y— y- y- y—

T

CM CM CM CO CO CO O' in in CD CD CD CD CD

O T” CM co in CD T" T”

CD CD CM CO LO CM o CO CO

m CD CD CD o 'O' o CO LO CO CD o CM CO LO CO O' LO o CD o CM CM CO in CD Is- CD CO in CO o CO in iv O CM CD CD CM CD CD CO tv CO o T“ 'r_ T” T" CM CM CM CM CO CO CO CO O' O' O' O' in in LO CD CD IV |v CO

CD

O CD cn cn iv CO CO CD |v IV o CM O' O' CO LO in iv

O CM in CD CO O' 00 o "T 'r“ CM CM CO in CD rv CO o y- CM co O' in CD iv CD O CM CO in CD IV CD T“ T

"’

T” T- CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CO CO CO CO CO CO co CO

co in in in

m CD |v o ’O' CD CD CD CM CD O' CD CD CM in CO O' CD CO o CM LO IV o o o o o O O CM CO CO O' in in in LO CD CD CD iv |v |v rv 00 CO CO 00 y— T“ y- T“ y- T- y— y- y— 1— 1- T— 1- T— T- T— T— T— T— T- y- T~ i

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O 7- 7 r“ ,_ TT~ 7— CM CM CM CM CM c\i CM CM CM CM o CO 3 CM CD o o o CM TT CD CD CM in h'- o CM CO •3- in CD CM 3 CD |v CD O CM CO in 0 o CD CD q CO CD CD CD CD q CD q o o o 1— 7— 7— T— 7— 7— q CM CM CM CXI co co q q 0

T- o o o o o o o O o o o y— T— •r- 7- 7- 7- 7

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w.V)c 0 CD h- CD in in CO CD LO 3 m 00 3 CO 3 CD 7- |v LO 3 7— in in |V in in CO CD co 00 CO CD q q y—_ q co 3 q q 00 q q 3 fv 0 q CO q q N- 7— CD 7— q co q fv in CO CM q q T- r_ 7“ T- 7“ 7- 7~ CM CM CM CM CO co CO 3 73 in in CO CD |V co co CD d 7- CM CO cCM O CD CM fv CO (D co co in rv CM |v CO 0 |v in CO , CD 0 in CM CD CD CD IV 0 CO 0 00

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Oo O IV CD CM |v IV co CD fv in CO CD fv CM CD CD CD |V fv |V CD CD |V IV CO CD O O O O T— y— CM CM CO CO in CD |V |v CD CD O O — CM CO in CD |v CO CD 0 y— E

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CsJ| O CM CD CD fv CD O in O CD CD CO CO co in CO CD in CM CM in y- CO fv m CD co CD IV O •r- T“ CM in CD CO CD y— CM CD CD y— IV O CO fv y— in CD CD 0 q 00 O 0 7- 7- T“ 7- 7- 7“ 7“ 7- 7- 7“ CM CM CM CM CM CO CO CO in in in CD CD fv co co CD d CsJ

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O T- CM CM CO CO in CD fv 00 CD y— CM CO in CD 00 CD y— CM CD 00 0 CsJ CD >. 7- 7- 7- 7- 7- 7- 7- 7- 7- 7“ 7- 7- 7“ CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CO CO CO CO CO tJ- 0 O fv CO CM fv CD LO CD co IV O CD O CD CD 00 CO 00 CD TT r— CD CM 00 LO CM Dp O 0 0 y- y- y- CM CsJ co CO CO m m CD CD fv fv 00 00 CD CD 0 CsJ CsJ CO k— 7“ 7“ 7- 7“ 7“ 7“ 7“ 7“ 7“ 7“ 7- ’r_ 7“ osi CM CM CM csi CM CsJ CL0) O CO CD CM O O CsJ CM CM CO in CD 00 00 CD O CM CM CM CO CO LO LO O O 0 0 0 O O O O O 0 O O 0 0 O 0 0 O y- T”

CO 7- 7- 7- 7- 7- 7- 7- 7“ 7- 7- 7- 7- 7- 7“ 7“ 7“ 7“ r” <r” T" 'r~ T— if) 0) « * « « « 0b

CM CO TT in CD IV CO CD 0 CM CO in CD fv 00 CD 0 CM CO TJ- in CD

N 00 CD 0 T“* c

CD (J) CD cn CD CD CD CD CD 0 OO 0 0 0 O 0 0 O y— y— y— y— T— y~~ y~~ 1 7 y~ CsJ « O) CD cn CD CD CD ID CD 0 O O 0 0 0 O 0 0 O 0 0 0 0 O O O O 0 O L3 0

CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CNJ CsJ CsJ CsJ CsJ CsJ CsJ

40
Table

S-2,

continued.

Projected

average

fuel

price

indices

with

assumed

general

price

inflation

rates

of

0,

2.5,

5,

and

7.5

percent,

by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel.

Census

Region 2

(Ohio,

Indiana,

Illinois,

Michigan,

Wisconsin,

Minnesota,

Iowa,

Missouri,

North

Dakota,

South

Dakota,

Nebraska,

Kansas) <Oo<

Lli co

CO<0<

oc3 o

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CD CO CO

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r- y- ry

yy

T- T— CM CM CM CM cvi CO CO CO LO LO CD CD

b

b co <D CD o f- o b ID in CO P CO CO CD T- CM LO CD CM CD CM o CO y- O o CO p b Tf co o o y— CM CO CO •M- LO p P CD O r- CO LO CD CO o CD CO o CM b (D CM LO 5

in

T“ cvi cvi cvi CM CM CM CO CO CO CO CO LO LO LO o s

CD o CO CO s

CD CD b- sCO

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CM CD CD CD CM CD CD CO o CO CD M- CM

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S' o y— CM CM CM CO LO LO N- CO CD CD

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b CO 05 in y- T- y- T- y- T- T- T- i- T- *- T- T~ i- T- t- T- i- cvi cvi CM cvi CM cvi cvj cvj cvj cvj cvj cvi c\i O OJ lO

CO 05 CD CO b- CO o CM LO CO CD y— CM LO CD CD

b co CO CD

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O CM S' o o O o O O “ y- y- CM CM CM CM CM CM CO CO CO CO CO CO co CO CO M- TT o T~~ ’r~ T— r” T— T— T— y~~ T— T” T— o o o o CO b- f^. CD LO o CD CM b^ CO CD LO CD CD LO o o b CD CD CO CD £ o CM CO LO CD b- CD CM M- CO CM LO O •M" <D CD LO CO CD CM CM co CD in y- T“ y- y- y- T- 1- T— CM CM CM CO CO t}- rT LO LO CD bi b CO CD o T- cvj CO LO o CO lO

CM CO S

CM o CO CD N. o CM (D CM CD <D

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LO CD CM CD CD CM CO CM 8

CD CD CM TJ- CO CD CM CD CD CO o o T— CM CM CO LO CD CO CD O y— CO LO b- CO O CM CO LO CD b 05 in 1- r- i- r- T- i- i- y- y- T- T- T" T- y- cvi CM c\i csi CM CM cvj CM CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO

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ID CD y- CD o CM CD CO CM LO CO y— CO 8

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O CM o o O O O O o y— y— CM CM CO ID LO CD CD CD CD b b b CO CO CO CD 05 o T— T“~ T"— T— y~~ T~~ T_ 'r~ T~ T— T" T— T~ T” T— T— T— T” £ p C\l CO 8 b CO CD 8

CM

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CM CD o r- CM LO P O CM n O K. t- LO p p p o p CO T— CO ® P

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bb co

p CD o r— cvj CO 'T_ ymm o o b CD 3 o h- LO k CD CO y- CM CM CO CO CO CD b b 00 CO CO LO CO CD S' o T" CM LO CD CD p r— CO LO p — CO LO CD CM LO CO CM LO 00 CM CD O

in

y y- CM CM CM cvi cvi CO CO CO co CO TT LO LO LO CD CD

b o b CM b _ CO CO CO CO s

CO CO

_ CD b- CD

b CD o CM CO CD CO S' o o - CM CM CM CO CO LO CD b^ CO o r- CM CM CO LO CD CO p o CM CO LO in 1- T- t- T- f- r- r* y- y- cvi CM cvi cvi cm cvi cvi cvi CM cvj CO CO CO CO CO

c\i o s p CO o O

O o CO CD o CD CO N- o CO LO b^ CO o co CD CD CO 8

CO 05 S' o o o T— T— T— y— y— — CM CM CM CO p Tj- LO LO LO LO p p CD CD

b o T” T— T- T_ T” y“ y~~ T” T— T~ o CD CO b CD CD o m CO o P CO p CO CO o CO CO LO CM CD CD CM 05 o o CM CO LO ro o CO in 00 LO CO CM CD LO o CD CM CD CD CM T“ y- in 1— r— T- T— y— T- T- CM CM CM cvi CO CO CO r}- LO LO CD CD b b CO <D o *— cvj CO o b CM CO CO o CD LO GO CM CO CD s

CO 8CO 8Tfb CO CM CM CM CD

y

_

b

b

S' o o CM CO CO LO CD CO CD y— LO b^ y— LO

b o CO CD CD CM LO CD CM CD in v— cvi cvi cvi CM CM CO co CO CO LO LO LO CD CD o 5 b o CM LO CD CM CD 8

CO CM

_ o CO CD CO CO 8CD CD

b CO 05 CM o o CM CM LO CD CO CD o o T— CM CO LO b CO CD o y~ CO in T- y- y- T- •»- T- y- T- •*- cvi CM CM cvi cvi CM cvj cvj cvj cvj cvj CO CO CO CM o CM CM CM CM CM CO LO CO CM CD O CO CM 8

b- (D o CM LO CO o CO CD CO o CM S' o o O o o o o o o o CM CM CM CO CO CO LO LO LO LO 1/5 CD CD o T— T” T— T— T— o b b b CM p p CO O) LO

cvi CM CM CD o LO 8

CD CD 5

CM CM CO LO CDO CD S' o T“ T“ CM CO LO p p o p 00 o CO LO CM CD O LO O CD in y- y- y- T“ CM cvi cvi cvi CM CO CO CO CO LO LO CD CD b b 00

r^' 8

CO

® N. CM CD LO 00 CO CO o CM CDO CO S O CO LO TT CO rr S' o CM CM CM CO CO LO LO p N- CO CD CM CO CD b CO CM r) LO b 05 y~ in r- T“ CM cvi cvi cvi cvi cvi cvi CO CO co CO CO CO # oo 8 8 o CO CM 8

CM o CM 8 O

CO 8

CO

CO CO b- LO

CD

LO s 8 ob

TTbCDb 8 8

LOCD 8 8

in T- y— T- T- r- y- T— y- T- T- y- y- y- T” 1- T- y- T- y~ y- y- y- - y- y- cvi cvi CM# 8

COo oCMOCMO

CD(D 5 s 5CO

CD

CO

CD CO

CD

COCD 5LOCDLOCDCD

CD

CD

CD

b-CD

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CD CD

CD

CDCD

CD

CD

Oo 8 8 8 o o o o o d d o o o o o o o d o o d o o o O

cc<

CM CO TT in CD CO CD o CM CO in CD N- 00 CD •o CM co TT in CD

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CT) 05 CD CD CD CD CT) CD CD o o o o o o o o o CD T— r— r— y— r— T" y— y~~ CM LU CT) CD CD CD <D CD CT) CD CT) o o o o o o o o o o O o o o o o CD CD CD o O

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41

2021 *1

01

2.12 4

378

851

64343

7.07

14.33

1.73

3.63

7.48

15.16

1.94

4.07 8

39

17.00

1.43

2.99

•Indices

are

reported

for

years

2017-2021

to

accommodate a

planning/construction

period

ofup

to5

years.
Table

S-3.

Projected

average

fuel

price

indices

with

assumed

general

price

inflation

rates

of

0,

2.5,

5,

and

7.5

percent,

by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel.

Census

Region 3

(Delaware,

Maryland,

District

of

Columbia,

Virginia,

West

Virginia,

North

Carolina,

South

Carolina,

Georgia,

Florida,

Kentucky,

Tennessee,

Alabama,

Mississippi,

Arkansas,

Louisiana,

Oklahoma,

Texas)

c/5 <o

_j<

crID

I-<z

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LUO

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LUCLO

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LU -1 Q

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LU

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LU

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LU § o cn CD CD CO CD 1- CO CD o y- CO CO CO CO CO CM CO iy fY 00 05 iy CO o ir. o o CM CO CD 05 CO N- O CO fY in o CD in CO in CO o o r- CM in

CM CM CM CO 00 CO in in in CD rd fY od CD o i- CM cb in T“ o fY O CO CM CD CO CD CO CD 00 fY in CO TT CD co CO 00 fY |y CD CM m o 00 CM in LD o o CM CM CO CO rr LD CO O CM co CD CO m 00 o CO co CD co CD o fY CM CO y~~ T— 'r— r“ r~ r_ CM CM C\j CM CM CO CO co CO in in cb CO co fY fd o CO CM fY in CM CD 00 O o (D C\J CM CO CM CM CO in |Y CD CD CD O) in o o o T” CM CM CO CO CO CD O CM co in CO fY CO CD O CM CO in |y

cvi

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T" CM CM C\i CM c\i CM CM CM CM CM CO CO cb CO cb CO o CNJ co LD CO CM CO CM fY o co O TT co 00 |Y o CM in fY 05 CO in o o O o O o o o o o T- CM CM CO co m in in co CO CO co co N- fY fY h- T“ T“ - 1— 1- T- y— T— T- i— i— 1“ 1— -T— T- t- T- o o- o CD CM CO CO o o CM CO co o o O CM CO q in O CD o r^. CD in r-» «

ec O'in o o q T\ CM CO in q CO o q "3- CD q q q q q q q q q q q CO q o r^. CO q Q> 1 T~ T_ T_ CM CM CM CM CM cb cb cb q q in in cb cb 00 d d o Y“ in0 o in CO y— CO o co CO CO O CO CO in o in o co q CD CD CM r^ CM CD co CD

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q CO inq

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q

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T~ ,~ T“ T_ r— CM CM CM CM CM CM cb cb cb cb cb

qq q- in in in

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CM o 'r' T~ T” T” t

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CC

o'o o CD CD CD 05 05 CD CD 05 CD CD CD o o o o q T“ T—

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qq CM CM CM CO CO o ^

o o o d o d O o o o o T~ T“ •F’ T-‘ d T~ T- Y— Y-' .— Y- t- Y-' d

toc o CD CO in in CO CD in CO CO f'- CM o O CM in y— 00 CD CM CD q CD co 00 CM o CO CM CD o'

in o o q co q; in

q co o q

q

q o COqq COq o q o q CM CD CO COq o q

L. T“ T— TY- T“ CM CM CM CM cb cb cb cb q q in in cb cb d d 00 d o T— CM cb cc

CO o CO C\J h- CO CD CD CO CO q co O in q r— CD CO q in CD co CM 00 CD 00 a

o' CO in o o T“ T- q q CO q q co q CD o CM co q q 00 o q q co q q q q o q r— q d d d d d d d d d d CM CM CM CM CM CM cb cb cb cb cb q- q- q in in ib cb cb £

CD T3

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w

o' E q

CM o o o o T— T“ CM CM CO CO in CO CD Cy 00 CD CD o T— CM CO in CO Dy CO CD o

T_ T— T“ CM CM CM CM CM c\i CM CM CM CM co cb Eoo o CM CD oo O CM CD Dy 00 O CO LO Dy o ^ CO LO CD co o u

CO O'O o o o o O o o O O O o q CM CM CM CM CM CM CO CO CO CO in o

T—

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C\J O o 00 |Y 00 CO CM CO O CD in CO CM CM in 00 co o 00 in CD O in in CO in 00

CM1 fY

o'in

fd o O CM CO Tf in CO 00 o CM CO 00 o co CO CO CM in CD CM |Y »— co fY

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qq o T“ *“ T_ — CM CM CM CM CM cb cb cb CO ib ib cb cb fd |Y CO CD CD CM

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ro yP o CO CM o CO CO CO CO CO CM CM CM CO in a? |Y CD CD CD in CM CD CD 00 CD o CM 00

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T~ T” CM CM CM C\j CM CM CM CM cb cb cb cb cb TT o

Y° o CO l-Y CM CM in in CD CO fY CM (Y. co CD o in

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05 o' o o O 1— y— y— — y— CM CM CO CO TT in LO CO co fY. fY. 00 00 CD CD O o y— CNJ CO t LO

csi

T” *“ T~

T” c\i CM CM CM CM CM

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Q.

05

Y° o y— CM CO CM CD CD h- Cy CD CD CM CM CO LO LO co CD fY fY 00 00 00 CD CD CD

O

O 05 o' o o O o O CD CD CD CD CD CD o O O o o o o o O O o q q o q o o 03 *“ »” o O o o O O r— T“ C/5 05

cr « « « « « Od

y— CM CO TJ- in CO fY cn CD

O y— CM CO TT in CO |Y- 00 CD o y— CM CO in CO |Y 00 CD o c

CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD o OO o o o o o o O T—

y

— T— T— T— r— y— T“ y~~ CNJ CNJ « UJ CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD o o O o o o o o o O O o O o O o O o o O O o > T“ CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CNJ C\J C\J CNJ CNJ CNJ CNJ

42
Table

S-3,

continued.

Projected

average

fuel

price

indices

with

assumed

general

price

inflation

rates

of

0,

2.5,

5,

and

7.5

percent,

by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel.

Census

Region 3

(Delaware,

Maryland,

District

of

Columbia,

Virginia,

West

Virginia,

North

Carolina,

South

Carolina,

Georgia,

Florida,

Kentucky,

Tennessee,

Alabama,

Mississippi,

Arkansas,

Louisiana,

Oklahoma,

Texas) £ 8 o CNJ

CNJ 3 5 to

T—h- CD

CO

CMoCO

CM

CM

^3- CD

CD

LO05 05

CM 05

LO

CM05CO

CM CDCD

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CD

05O

CD

LO

O 8 8 8

CO

CD

to

T3- 8 0CM in r- T- r- r- T“ T- T- CM CM CM CM CM CO CO CO LO LO CD CD r^‘ N. CO cb 05 d r- cvi _J k <o o CD LO T— 05 CO CO O CM to CO CM CO LO 5

CM s OO co T- LO rr 3

CD o o *— CM CO CO 4 LO CD CO 05 O CM rr LO N. CD CO O CM 05 CM LO T— o< m CM CM CM CM CM CM CO CO CO CO rf t3- to to 10 cb o IT) r- <o 05 CO co CO CO LO N. K s

CM 0 CD CD 8CM 05 s

CM 0 05 CD CD LU O' o o T- CM CM co « LO to CD k 05 0 0 CM to h- CO 05 05 0

in r- T- y— y— T— r- T- T- T— i— T- T— T- T— T— T-> cvi CNJ cvi cvi CM cvj cvi cvi CM cvj cvj cvj cvj cb CO cvi o CM CD CO CO 05 CM CD 00 o CO O CM 8

CD 05 co CO 5to 10 CD co CO 05 0

O' o O

O o o O y- y- y~~ y- y— CM CM CM CO CO CO CO TT TJ- <3- ^3- 10 o 15 T— T” T— TTM 'r~ o CNJ CM CM CM CO s

CD 05 CO o 8 O LO 0 LO to CO 0 0 CD CO CO 05 CD CO CD CO £ o T— CNJ CO TT LO 05 CM to CM LO 0 05 05 LO to CO 0 0 y— CM LO CO

in T- 1- i- T- 1- y- CM CM CM CO CO LO 10 CD N* CD 05

d •»- cvj cb LO < I s* 0 o 05 CO 05 CD CO CM 8 O CO O CM CO CO O s

CD CD CO to 05 CO 05 LO CD CO 1 ?? o o y— CM CM CO LO CO 05 CM T3- CD CO y— ^3- CO y— 0 10 05 CO 8 <

CL3 m CM CM CM CM CO CO CO co ^3- tj- LO LO LO CD cb cb r^’ o LO r- o ^3* CO CD LO CD 05 CD CO 0 CO ^3- CD 05 CM LO 0 CO CD 0

f- o o T— y— t— CM CM CM CO LO CD CO 05

O y— CO 10 CD CO 05 y— CM co LO CD 05 < m y— y— y— T— T- r- y— y— y— y- T— V— T- CM CM CM CM cvi CM cvi cvi CM CO CO cb cb cb cb cb z c\i o s

CD CD CD CD CO CM CD

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05 s05 toO CD 05 y- 8 0 ^3* P: 0 CM s

CD CO o O O O O o o y— CM CO to LO LO CD CD CO GO CO GO 05 o T— T— r— r— 8

CO rt o o CM CD CD 05 CD N. o f^ CO 0 s a COO ID GO CO CD to CD CO

r— CNJ CO to CD CO o CM LO co CM to 05 CM 1^- CM GO y— 05 b- CD to to ID 00 in y— y— y— T— T- y— 1— CM CM CM CM 00 CO CD LO to CD (b GO GO 05 d y— cvj cb n

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to CD 8CM CM 05 CM 8 § 0 o o r— T— CM CM CO ^3* to h* co 05 y— CM to ID h- CO 05 y~ CM CD CO in r— T— y— y— T- r- T- y- r— y- y- CM CM cvi cvi cvi cvi cvi cvi CM cvi CO cb cb cb cb cb LU C\j OC

co 8

LO CD

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h- 05 CM 'Q* CD 05 0 o O T- CM CM CM ^3* LO to to to CD ID CD K h- 00 CO o r— T— r— T— T— o 05 CO CO CO CO r»» o CO CO h* CD CD CD 0 CO CO S

CM ID 3h- CM CD co | o o TTM CM CO to K CO o m to CO T- to 05 CM (D y~ to CD CM CD CM y— CM LU in y- y- 1- f- •*- 1- CM CM CM cvi CO CO CO to LO CD cb CO 05 O y~ cvi cb 3 k

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to

to

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h-h- s 8

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to 8CD CD 05 0 CM o o CM CM *3- to CD CO 05 0 0 T— CM CO LO GO 05 0 CM CO

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43

2021 *1

06

2.21 4

569

241

64

3.44

7.08

14.35

1.85

3.87

7.98

16.16

1.93 4

04

8.32

16.86

1.50

3.16

•Indices

are

reported

for

years

2017-2021

to

accommodate a

planning/construction

period

ofup

to5

years.
Table

S-4.

Projected

average

fuel

price

indices

with

assumed

general

price

inflation

rates

of

0,

2.5,

5,

and

7.5

percent,

by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel.

Census

Region

4

(Montana,

Idaho,

Wyoming,

Colorado,

New

Mexico,

Arizona,

Utah,

Nevada,

Washington,

Oregon,

California,

Alaska,

Hawaii)

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45

2020* 1

062

174

378

641

643

356

73

13.32 1

65

3.37

6.79

13.43 1

87

3.83

7.71

15.25

1.22

2.50 5

03

9.95

2021 *1

072

244

619

341

653477

14

14

46

1.67

3.49

7.20

14.58 1

89

3.97

8.18

16.56

1.23

2.57

5.30

10.75

•Indices

are

reported

for

years

2017-2021

to

accommodate a

planning/construction

period

ofup

to5

years.
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46
Table

S-5,

continued.

Projected

average

fuel

price

indices

with

assumed

general

price

inflation

rates

of

0,

2.5,

5,

and

7.5

percent,

by

end-use

sector

and

major

fuel.

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States A

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47

‘Indices

are

reported

for

years

2017-2021

to

accommodate a

planning/construction

period

of

up

to5

years.

NIST-114A U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 1. PUBLICATION OR REPORT NUMBER

(REV. 3-90) NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY NI STIR- 8 5- 32 7 3-6

BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA SHEET

2. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER

3. PUBLICATION DATE October 1991

4 TITLE AND SUBTITLE Energy Prices and Discount Factors for Life-Cycle Cost Analys

to NIST Handbook 135 and NBS Special Publication 709.

sis 1992: Annual Supplement

5. AUTHOR(S)

Barbara C. Lippiatt

6 PERFORMING ORGANIZATION (IF JOINT OR OTHER THAN NIST, SEE INSTRUCTIONS)

U S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY

QAITHERSBURG, MD 20699

7. CONTRACT/GRANT NUMBER

B. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED

Annual

9. SPONSORING ORGANIZATION NAME AND COMPLETE ADDRESS (STREET, CITY, STATE, ZIP) U.S. Department of Energy Federal Energy Management Program

Office of the Assistant Secretary Washington, D.C. 20585

for Conservation and Renewable Energy

10 SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

This report is comprised of energy price and discount factor tables which are annual

updates of tables referenced in NIST Handbook 135 and NBS Special Publication 709. Only

minor changes have been made to this previously WERB-approved material.

11. ABSTRACT (A 200-WORD OR LESS FACTUAL SUMMARY OF MOST SIGNIFICANT INFORMATION. IF DOCUMENT INCLUDES A SIGNIFICANT BIBUOQRAPHY OR

LITERATURE SURVEY, MENTION IT HERE.)

This is the 1992 annual edition of energy prices and discount factors for performing lifecycle cost analyses of energy conservation and renewable energy projects. It supports the

Federal life-cycle costing methodology by updating the energy price projections and

discount factors that are described, explained, and illustrated in NIST Handbook 135 (HB 135).

It supports private-sector life-cycle cost analysis by updating the energy price indices

that are described, explained, and illustrated in NBS Special Publication 709 (SP 709). It

also supports the Energy Conservation Mandatory Performance Standards for New Federal

Residential Buildings (10 CFR 435) by providing a table of factors for updating appliance

label values.

12. KEY WORDS (6 TO 12 ENTRIES; ALPHABETICAL ORDER; CAPITALIZE ONLY PROPER NAMES; AND SEPARATE KEY WORDS BY SEMICOLONS)

average fuel prices; energy conservation; energy price forecasts; Federal Energy Management

Program; life-cycle cost analysis; single present worth discount factors; uniform present

worth discount factors

13. AVAILABILITY 14. NUMBER OF PRINTED PAGES X UNLIMITED 62

FOR OFFICIAL DISTRIBUTION. DO NOT RELEASE TO NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE (NT1S). ORDER FROM SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS, U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON, DC 20402.

15. PRICE

X ORDER FROM NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE (NTIS), SPRINGFIELD. VA 22161. A04

ELECTRONIC FORM