I

r
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

Alexander B. Trowbridge, Secretary

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS • A. V. Astin, Director

Low Temperature Mechanical Properties

Of Copper and Selected Copper Alloys

A Compilation From the Literature

Richard P. Reed and Ritchie P. Mikesell

Institute for Materials Research

National Bureau of Standards

Boulder, Colorado 80302

it.

U, 5, National Bureau of Standards^ Monograph 101 «

• » * Issued December 1, 1967

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. L .S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 12.75
National Bureau of Standards SEP 3 ]953

H1779

&C 16 0
Contents

Page Introduction v List of abbreviations vi

I. Average mechanical properties of copper and its alloys — quicl; reference graphs

Copper 2 Cu-Zn (brass) 4 Cu-Sn (phosphor bronze) 6 Cu-Si (silicon bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si 8 Cu-Ni 10 Cu-Al-Fe (aluminum bronze) and Cu-Al-Fe-Ni 12

II. Compilation of mechanical property results on copper and its alloys — tables and figures Copper 18 Cu-Zn alloys Cu-5Zn (gliding rnetal) 54 Cu-lOZn (commercial bronze) 58 Cu-15Zn (red brass) 62 Cu-20Zn (low brass) 68 Cu-28Zn-lSn (admiralty brass) 71 Cu-30Zn (cartridge brass) 75 Cu-35Zn (yellow brass) 81 Cu-39Zn-lSn (naval brass) 85 Cu-40Zn (Muntz metal) 91 Cu-Ni alloys Cu-lONi 96 Cu-20Ni 100 Cu-30Ni 104 Cu-45Ni 108 Cu-Ni-Si alloys Ill Cu-Si alloys (silicon bronze) 114 Cu-Sn alloys (phosphor bronze) 120 Cu-Al alloys (aluminum bronze) 128 Cu-Al-Ni alloys (nickel aluminum bronze) 136

III. Reference guide for mechanical properties

Review papers 144 Copper 145 Cu-Zn (brass) 146 Cu-Sn (phosphor bronze), Cu-AI (aluminum bronze), Cu-Ni 147 Other Cu alloys (specific) , 148 Many Cu alloys (together) 149

IV. List of references 151

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 67-60379

iii

Low-Temperature Mechanical Properties of Copper and Selected

Copper Alloys

A Compilation From the Literature

R. P. Reed and R. P. Mikesell

In the past 60 years considerable data has accumulated concerning the mechanical properties

of copper and its alloys. It was felt that there was a great need to adequately document these results

in one publication. Therefore a unique type of compilation is presented. The compilation is divided

into four parts. The first section is intended for quick reference use for those who are interested

in average values. The second section includes data from most of the investigators who have published results on the mechanical properties of copper and its alloys. The third section is composed

of tables classifying the investigations which were not included in section two. These usually involve

investigations in which data were obtained only at one temperature, such as room temperature. The

fourth section lists, in alphabetical order, all references used.

Key words: compilation, copper, copper alloys, low temperature, mechanical properties.

Introduction

In the past 60 years considerable data have been accumulated concerning the mechanical properties of copper and

its alloys. Earlier investigations were primarily concerned

with hardness, tensile strength, creep, and fatigue of copper

at ambient temperatures and above. Gradually, with the

introduction of new alloys and low temperature testing

techniques, the scope of materials, temperature, and type

of tests has broadened. However, it is not possible to find

in one publication an adequate and thorough compilation

concerning the mechanical properties of copper alloys.

It was felt that the need for such a publication was great.

With this in mind, we are grateful to the International

Copper Research Association (INCRA) and to the Copper

Development Association for funding this compilation.

The selection of the alloys was based on INCRA advice.

They include pure copper plus some of the common solid solution copper alloys (copper-zinc, copper-nickel, copperaluminum) and some age-hardened alloys (aluminum

bronzes, copper silicon, copper-zirconium). The only major

alloy group which was omitted but perhaps should have

been included is the copper-beryllium series. However,

this group was included in the Cryogenic Materials Data

Handbook,* and the reader is advised to refer to this publication to obtain references and average properties for copper-beryUium alloys.

The compilation is divided into four sections. Section I is intended for quick reference use for those who are inter- ested in average values. Section II includes data from most

of the investigators who have published results on the

mechanical properties of copper and its alloys. Section III

is composed of tables classifying the investigations which

were not included in Section II. These usually involve

investigations in which data were obtained only at one

temperature, such as room temperature. Section IV lists, in alphabetical order, all references used in this compilation. The preceeding paragraphs serve to document the

procedures followed in this compilation.

The average values, plotted on pages 2 to 13 are esti- mated from the curves of Section II. Common material

conditions for which data are available are included. However, in cases where it was thought that the data may not be representative or where only scattered, possibly unre- hable data points are available, then that particular alloy or condition or temperature region was omitted.

Section II includes all available mechanical property

data for the selected alloys with two exceptions. If investi- gators included only single temperature data (such as room

temperature) and not time-dependent curves (such as stressstrain, fatigue, or creep) then the data were not included.

Investigations of this nature which usually document trends

'Obtained through Office of Technical Services, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C.. designated PB 171809.

of tensile properties or hardness as a function of metallurgical variables, such as grain size or irradiation, are

listed in the tables of Section III. Some experimental data,

particularly those obtained from single crystals, were not included in Section II. These data usually represent the

results of flow stress, microstrain, or elastic constant experimental work. All references of Sections II and III are included in Section IV. In Section II the table adjacent

to each graph lists all pertinent experimental and material

information. If experimental or material details are omitted,

it is because the information was not available in the

reference. All individual temperature data points are plotted.

However, the point at each temperature represents an

average of the individual tests performed at the given

temperature. Creep and fatigue curves for a given temperature are average curves. Stress-strain curves were only

included if the stress and strain were continuously recorded

to fracture. Again, it seems appropriate to emphasize that

if information is lacking on either the tables or the graphs,

it may be assumed that the reference has failed to include it. Considerable effort was made to present all of the usable

data from the literature. Articles as early as 1895 are in- cluded. No data, regardless of its suspected reliability, were deliberately omitted. All temperature points are included even though some of them are probably in error. Great importance was placed in presenting all of the data

in Section II, so that an informed observer could use his own discretion in evaluating the data. Part of the program

sponsored by INCRA included tensile, notch tensile, and

elastic modulus tests from 300 to 4 °K and impact tests from 300 to 20 °K. The results of this test program are referenced in Section II under reference number 1. Many papers included reliable data on copper and its alloys which did not fall within the scope of the compilation.

It was felt that these articles should be included in the bibli- ography and somehow referenced. The tables in Section III are the result. By referral to these, the reader may note the

articles in which specific tests have been performed on a given alloy series. It is thought that these reference tables

will also be valuable to the reader in describing the various

tests that have been performed on a specific alloy. Similarly,

knowledge may be obtained regarding the investigations

of specific metallurgical parameters (such as irradiation on

a given alloy or alloy series). About 30 review papers are included in the references and are listed in the table on

page 144. Discretion was used in choosing these papers,

since many more exist in published form, particularly in trade journals. In a few cases, data were taken directly

from a review paper, since the source of the data could not be adequately located nor referenced.

Over 700 individual papers were examined and data were

selected from the 465 references listed in Section IV . We

V
have undoubtedly missed some pertinent references, ft however it is hoped that these omissions are minimal. ft-lb Finally, for a publication of this magnitude, many others G.L.

have taken part. The authors wish to thank L. Berenbaum gm

and W. Hawkesworth who have helped in the preparation G.S.

of the tables and graphs. Mrs. L. Cottony provided valuable hr

assistance in the procurement of over 700 papers which °K were examined in this Monograph. The authors wish to Kc.p.s.

express their gratitude to L. Ericks, who was responsible kgm

for the majority of the figure drafting, and to Mrs. C. Dall- Kt

man, who performed most of the typing. Also, as previously

stated, the authors are indebted to the International Copper

Research Association, who have provided the necessary

funds for the performance of this program. Mc.p.s.

mm

List of Abbreviations

nvt ASTM American Society for Testing Materials psi

approx. approximately R

atmos. atmosphere

Bal. balance r.p.m. °C degrees Celsius (centigrade) R^)

c.p.m. cycles per minute sec.

c.p.s. cycles per second temp,

diam. diameter U.T.S.

°F degrees Fahrenheit Y.S.

foot, feet foot-pound

gage length

gram

grain size hour

degrees Kelvin

kilocycles per second

kilogram

stress concentration factor

V2 distance between notches

notch radius

megacycle per second

millimeters

^ a ( *

mtegrated liux : \cmpounds per square inch

ratio of applied minimum to maximum stress fatigue tests revolutions per minute

Rockwell hardness number, scale (x)

second

temperature

ultimate tensile strength

yield strength
Section I

In this section average values, taken from all investigations used in Sections II and III, are plotted. This is

intended for quick reference.

Contents

Mechanical properties of copper 2 Mechanical properties of Cu-Zn (brass) 4

Mechanical properties of Cu-Sn (phosphor bronze) 6

Mechanical properties of Cu-Si (silicon bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si 8

Mechanical properties of Cu-Ni 10

Mechanical properties of Cu-Al-Fe (aluminum bronze) and Cu-Al-Fe-Ni 12

1
Mechanical Properties of Copper

TEMPERATURE, °F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

I60x 10'"-

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K' STRENGTH OF COPPER

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 - 300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

80

70

o 50

20

A

eoled

Cast

/

,Cold Drawn

Aged

^ Hot Drawr 35%

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, °K ELONGATION OF COPPER
Mechanical Properties of Copper

TEMPERATURE, °F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

160

d , Charpy 1 /

\ d Dra

Charpwn 60 y ^ % .

nealed, Cha rpy V

Zast

,

Chorp}f Keyh

1.0 0.8

0.6

02

0.1

Y- —

1

1 V4 0

22

'a°KWl1 84

300°

t

V„, ^)-^ - -+

r\ f JUiy r /

--A nn

"J

e7

Qled, 07 "F )

-

—

•urawn at /o, i 537 "K (sor'F)

10° 10' 10° 10= CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour CREEP BEHAVIOR OF COPPER

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K IMPACT ENERGY OF COPPER

80 X 10

10 10 10 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF COPPER

TEMPERATURE , °F

-400 - 300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

0 —*

AMODULUS OF ELASTICITY

10DULUS OF RIGIDITY

nealea

Ore 'wn 3

^AnneaU d

d Dra wn 4^

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE °K MODULUS OF COPPER
Mechanical Properties of Cu-Zn (Brass)

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

160 xlO"^

140

120

Q.

CO 80

UJ

tr

IV)

60

40

0^^ _i . — r — Yl

SNSIL ELD E

-70-.^0, % Hard

60

Co -40,

Id Wo

1ked ^1

''5%-

1

'

^90-

Ha

10, rd

A0-10,nnealed. Notched —.

.

^70- 30,Hard 0-40

Anneo'led

>\

^90- 10, Anneale d

\60-

An 39 -

1

lealed

1

Sn,

^90- 10, At nealed ^6CT-40, Annei led

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K STRENGTH OF Cu-Zn (Brass]

90

80

70

<-> 50

40

30

20

10

1 90 -10, tAnnealed

60 -40, t^nnea ed 65-3 5, An lealed

\ 60 -39 - 1 Sn, Annealed. -\

\ \

,60 -40, C"old Worked 25%

90- 10, Hard '

100 200 300 400 5 TEMPERATURE, °K ELONGATION OF Cu-Zn (Brass)

100

90

80

70

60

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 - 300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

40

30

10

1

<

60 40, Anneali d^

60 -40, i~old M'orked 25%

90-10, Hard

90-10, Anne lied —

ISO

140

120

100

80

40

20

^60- 40, a rinnel 1 (30 }0 kgin)

' 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, °K REDUCTION OF AREA OF Cu-Zn (Brass)

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K HARDNESS OF Cu-Zn (Brass)
Mechanical Properties of Cu-Zn (Brass)

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 80 X 10 300 400 500

160

100

80

60

40

20

,90 /

-10, nea/e i, Chatpy V

w-io

Charp Ofan

y Keyt

in 27

a/e. %, 60 -4C Anne

7,ited, 1 zod

90 -IC U

, Cost

od.

\60-

Ann39-1 Sn,ealed, Char iy V

1 = \60

A

-40, t llemai

•old W

ide, V

orked

-Note 17%,h

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K IMPACT ENERGY OF Cu-Zn (Brass)

500

10° 10' 10 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Zn (Brass)

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

20

1.0 08

as

0.4

0.2

0.1

X lU 1

104

10, hiard 390" \

F)

60

't2

-42

0, A nnea

00"!

lea y/

)

-85-15. An neated 422'K (SOOT)

- SO47

-48

0, Ann 'K(40

ealec TF)

1

!0 10 10 10 CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour CREEP BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Zn (Brass)

28

24

20

« 16

I 2

0^^ 1 1 — * -— /t)<ODUL ODUL US 01 US Of

' ELA

- RI6I

STICI DITYTY

y85- 15, Annealec1

-60-4 0, An lealea ^60 -39-1 Sn, Anneolf. d

y90-10, Anne lied

90 -It7, Cold Drawn

0-39 -ISn, Annec led

15, Co Id Dra wn

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, ° K MODULUS OF Cu-Zn (Brass)
Mechanical Properties of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

280

240

200

CO 160

ill (T

120

80

40

V

1 — r — Y ENSIL ELD E

,c:u-5.

Cold C

?/7 (Gri rawn ideA) 95%, Notch ?d

^Cu

/ ^

-5 Sn

old Dr

(Grad

awn 8

e A }, 5 %

Cu-5

Ann

Sn (G

ealed

''ade A ),

c'u-ll !'n (Gra ieD),^ Cast

/ N

Cu-5 Sn (Grade A)/

Annealed 1

1 1 1 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K STRENGTH OF Cu -Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

90

80

70

50

40

30

20

10

Cu-5

Ar Sn (Grade Anealed

u

v

\\

'Cu -•>Sn(G d Drarade > Col Mn 85 %

Cu- IISn(

ast Grade —

C

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, °K ELONGATION OF Cu -Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 - 300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

Cu-t'Sn(Gi neale

'Ode A An i

"^Ca

C

- 5 Sn (Grade A ), old Drown 85 %

Cu-I

Cl Sn(G!St rode L

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K REDUCTION OF AREA OF Cu • (Phosphor Bronze)

500

Sn

TEMPERATURE,

-200 -100 0 100

' F200 300 400 500

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

i

Ro-5 Snlied 6

(Grade A), 0%, RockweII B

Vcu

An 5Sn(nealeaGrade A J,

, Rockwell B

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, ° K HARDNESS OF Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)
Mechanical Properties of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

X lO"

^Cu -5Sn(Grade

10°f

-) f

Drawn 84%, 422'K(3C

\ 1 Cu- Ann5Sn

eole (Grod, 42

deA),

2°K(300'F)

1 -5Sn (Grade A), \ \ ^rawn 84 %, 477'K(398°F,

1 1 l__ 1 I 1 _L f

I

C

C

J

75

It Si

t, 5.

1 (Gi 13 ao

((5

1 elOC

'

1

V,

'FJ

t

I

/

/

Annealed, 477'K(396

--CuA -5S

nnec n(le Gd,

reyde i '137

j, 'K(i-Oi-Of

\^

-)

80

10° 10' 10° CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour CREEP BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Sn

( Phosphor Bronze)

TEMPERATURE, "F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

28

20

16

xlO"^

MM

ODULL

ODULL

JS OF

IS OF ELAS

RIGID

TICIT) ITY

^CuCo 5Sn (i Id Dro

Irade wn 85A), %

Cu-?

Re a Sn(Guced ode C 37%.

),

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, °K MODULUS OF Cu- Sn (Phosphor Bronze)
Mechanical Properties of Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si

TEMPERATURE, °F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100 1—H—h h \ H—H—r-^i—

90

8
Mechanical Properties of Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si

TEMPERATURE, "F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 80 X 10

-ISi, Aged Chat)P/ V

,Cu-3 Si, A nneale tt, Chiirpy V

Cu-i Si, hlord

,

Chorp}y V

iOO 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, °K IMPACT ENERGY OF Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze)

AND Cu-NI-Si

10 10 10 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Si

(Silicon Bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si

X lU

1 — 1

1 - 3Si, Cold Drawn 60 %,

Cu- 3 Si, Cold Drawn 60 %, r 478°K (40Z''Fj

"A- '30

~iCu

1 1

1

1 4 (300' FJ

/

r.u - 3 Si Cnid Drawn GO "A

.

t r /

L•u-3. 478' K(

A,4

7/7 ealea "Fj

<:u 3Si, 537

^nnet

''K(5l

lie 07'i,F)

80

10' 10° lO" CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour CREEP BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Si

(Silicon Bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si

TEMPERATURE, "F

-400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

28

w 16

10^-^ 1

1

1

N10DULLIS OF ELASTICITY

I-2NI - ISi , Aged

• Cu- ZNi-l Si, Ai 'ed —

-3 Si Annt>aled

j-2Si d Dro -IZn

wn 60

C

Col

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE , °K MODULUS OF Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze)

AND Cu-Ni-Si
Mechanical Properties of Cu-Ni

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K STRENGTH OF Cu-Ni100 500 TEMPERATURE, "K ELONGATION OF Cu-Ni

100 200 300 400 50 TEMPERATURE, °K REDUCTION OF AREA OF Cu-Ni

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K IMPACT ENERGY OF Cu-Ni

500

10
Mechanical Properties of Cu-Ni

32x10

28

TEMPERATURE, "F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

'

I 'l ^ ^

Modulus of Elasticity

TO -30, Annealed

90 -10, Cold Dratin

12

8

4

0 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 \ 1 !

0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K MODULUS OF Cu-Ni

261-278 0-67—

2
Mechanical Properties of Cu-Al-Fe (Aluminum Bronze) and Cu-Al-Fe-Ni

320x10^-

TEMPERATURE, °F

-_400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

280

240

200

120

80

\J

TLYl~NSIL ELDE

AI-21

tched

iCu-7 e, Anr

' No

eoled,

iCu-lOAI-3 Fe, Annealea

1-9 A/ '3Fe, Annea led

lOAI-t'Ni-3 •^e, Co. 1 Vj

Cu-7At-2Ft Anneaied

/ CuAr10 Alnealec5Ni-3

1

Cu- lOAI-t'Ni-3 Fe, Co Cu-8AI-IFe, Cos

100 200 300 n 400 TEMPERATURE, °K STRENGTH OF Cu - Al - Fe (Aluminum Bronze)and Cu-AI-Ni-Fe

500

TEMPERATURE, "F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100

90

80

70

40

30

^Cu- 7AI-Z Fe , An neale

Cu-I OAI-2 Fe, Cc1st,

,Cu-IOAI-5Nf-3Fe

Annealed

/

10 Al-^ iNi-i Fe, C7St Cu-tOAl -5Ni -4Fe,

Cold Drown

| 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K ELONGATION OF Cu-Al-Fe (Aluminum Bronze)

AND Cu-AI-Ni-Fe
Mechanical Properties of Cu-Al-Fe (Aluminum Bronze) and Cu-Al-Fe-Ni

xlO 1—

r

1

Cl - lOAI-c Fe, , ge 0',

Cl

Cu-

-10 A

/OA/, Ai nt 0

-5Fe

led

Cas

'-e

Tes 1 Ter

\

nperaW

t2

jre, 'F!

80

10° 10' 10° lO" 10' CREEP RATE, inches per Inch per hour CREEP BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Al-Fe

(Aluminum Bronze) and Cu-AI-Ni-Fe

TEMPERATURE , °F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

28

24

Cu ~ /lOAI-t' Ni-3Fe, Clisf Cu-IOAI-SNl

Anneale -4Fe

i

\

Cu - 7AI ZFe, Anne lied

Cu -IIAh 3Fe, Cast

iOO 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE , °K MODULUS OF Cu-AI-Fe( Aluminum Bronze)

AND Cu-AI-Ni-Fe

Section II

Mechanical property data from all investigations for

copper and its alloys.

15
Contents

Copper

Tensile and yield strength 18 Tensile and yield strength (electrolytic tough pitch) 22

Tensile and yield strength (oxygen-free high-conductivity) 23

Tensile and yield strength (phosphorized) 25

Tensile elongation 26

Tensile elongation (electrolytic tough pitch) 29

Tensile elongation (oxygen-free high-conductivity) 30

Tensile elongation (phosphorized) 30

Tensile reduction of area 31 Tensile reduction of area (electrolytic tough pitch) 34

Tensile stress-strain curves 35

Tensile stress-strain curves (electrolytic tough pitch) 37 Hardness 37 Impact energy 38

Fatigue behavior 40

Fatigue behavior (electrolytic tough pitch) 42

Fatigue behavior (oxygen-free high-conductivity) 43 Creep behavior 44 Creep behavior (electrolytic tough pitch) 47 Creep behavior (oxygen-free high-conductivity) 48

Stress-rupture behavior 49 Modulus of elasticity 51 Modulus of rigidity 53 95Cu-5Zn (gliding metal)

Tensile and yield strength 54

Tensile elongation 54

Tensile reduction of area 55 Impact energy 55

Fatigue behavior 56 Creep behavior 56 Modulus of elasticity 57 Modulus of rigidity 57 90Cu-10Zn (commercial bronze)

Tensile and yield strength 58

Tensile elongation 58

Tensile reduction of area 59

Tensile stress-strain curves 59 Impact energy 60

Fatigue behavior 60 Creep behavior 61 Modulus of elasticity 61 Modulus of rigidity 62 85Cu-15Zn (red brass)

Tensile and yield strength , 62

Tensile elongation 63

Tensile reduction of area 63

Tensile stress-strain curves 64 Impact energy 64

Fatigue behavior 65 Creep behavior 66 Modulus of elasticity 67 Modulus of rigidity 67 80Cu-20Zn (low brass)

Tensile and yield strength 68

Tensile elongation 68

Tensile reduction of area 69 Impact energy 69

Fatigue behavior 70 Modulus of rigidity 70 71Cu-28Zn-lSn (admiralty brass)

Tensile and yield strength 71 Tensile elongation 71 Tensile reduction of area 72

Tensile stress-strain curves 72 Impact energy 73 Creep behavior 73 Modulus of elasticity 74 Modulus of rigidity 74 70Cu-30Zn (cartridge brass)

Tensile and yield strength 75

Tensile elongation 76

Tensile reduction of area 76

Page 70Cu-30Zn (cartridge brass) (continued)

Tensile stress-strain curves 77 Impact energy 77

Fatigue behavior 78 Creep behavior 80 Modulus of elasticity 81 65Cu-35Zn (yellow brass)

Tensile and yield strength 81

Tensile elongation 82

Tensile reduction of area 82 Impact energy 83

Fatigue behavior 83 Modulus of elasticity 84 Modulus of rigidity 84 60Cu-39Zn-lSn (naval brass)

Tensile and yield strength 85 Shear strength 85

Tensile elongation 86

Tensile reduction of area 86

Tensile stress-strain curves 87 Hardness 87 Impact energy 88

Fatigue behavior 88 Creep behavior 89 Modulus of elasticity 90 Modulus of rigidity 90 60Cu-40Zn (Muntz metal)

Tensile and yield strength 91 Tensile elongation 91 Tensile reduction of area 92

Tensile stress-strain curves 92 Hardness 93 Impact energy 93

Fatigue behavior 94 Creep behavior 95 Modulus of elasticity 95 90Cu-10Ni

Tensile and yield strength 96

Tensile elongation 96

Tensile reduction of area 97

Tensile stress-strain curves 97 Impact energy 98

Fatigue behavior 98 Creep behavior 99 Modulus of elasticity 99 80Cu-20Ni

Tensile and yield strength 100

Tensile elongation 100

Tensile reduction of area 101 Impact energy 101 Fatigue behavior 102 Creep behavior 103 Modulus of elasticity 103 70Cu-30Ni

Tensile and yield strength 104

Tensile elongation 104

Tensile reduction of area 105 Tensile stress-strain 105 Impact energy 106 Fatigue behavior 106 Creep behavior 107 Modulus of elasticity 108 55Cu-45Ni

Tensile and yield strength 1^8

Tensile elongation ^^9 Tensile reduction of area 109 Impact energy

Fatigue behavior Cu-Ni-Si

Tensile and yield strength HI

Tensile elongation

^

Tensile reduction of area

16
Cu-Ni-Si (continued)

Tensile stress-strain curves 112 Impact energy 113 Modulus of elasticity 113 Cu-Si (silicon bronze)

Tensile and yield strength 114

Tensile elongation 114

Tensile reduction of area 115 Tensile stress-strain curves 115 Impact energy 116 Fatigue behavior 116 Creep behavior 118 Modulus of elasticity 119 Cu-Sn (phosphor bronze)

Tensile and yield strength 120 Shear strength 121 Tensile elongation 121 Tensile reduction of area 122 Tensile stress-strain curves 122 Hardness 123 Impact energy 123 Fatigue behavior 124 Creep behavior 126

Stress-rupture behavior 126

Cu-Sn (phosphor bronze) (continued) Modulus of elasticity J27 Modulus of rigidity , 127 Cu-AI (aluminum bronze)

Tensile and yield strength 128 Tensile elongation 129 Tensile reduction of area 131 Tensile stress-strain curves 132 Hardness 132 Impact energy 133 Fatigue behavior 134 Creep behavior 135 Modulus of elasticity 135

Cu-Al-Ni (nickel-aluminum bronze)

Tensile and yield strength 136

Tensile elongation 137 Tensile reduction of area 137

Tensile stress-strain curves 138 Hardness 138 Impact energy 139

Fatigue behavior 139 Creep behavior 140 Modulus of elasticity 140

17
Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF, NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

66a Annealed. Wire sample - 0. 030 inch diam. , all aamples

from aame wire, curve is average of values for annealing temperatures 482° to 1742*F.

99. 999

66

66b Annealed 482'F - 1 hr. in air - 0. 012mm. C. S. Wire sample - 0.030 inch diam. . all samples from same wire.

Y. S.-O. 5% strain.

99. 99966

Annealed 662°F-lhr. Ha atmos -0.01 5mm . G. S. Other specifications same as 66b.

99. 99966

Annealed 1022°F - 1 hr., Hg atmos. - 0.030mm. G. S. Other specifications aame as 66b.

99. 999

66

66e Annealed I 382 • F - 1 hr . , H 3 atmos. - 0. 045mm . C. S. 99. 999

66

66f Annealed 1742-F - 1 hr.. H, atmos. - 0.090mm. grain

size. Other specifications same as 66b.

99. 999

66

^36a Annealed 932'F - 5 hre. Bar sample - 0. 2 inch diam. , strain rate = 1000 inches/inch/sec

236

Annealed 900°F - 1 hr - air cooled Bar sample - 0 212

inch diam.. crosshead rate = 0.05 inch/minute. <0.00I

inch between sample axis and loading axis.

270b Bar sample - notched; 0.212 inch diam. at notch. 60* notch

angle - < 0. 00 1 inch notch radius (K =3 10, 3) - 0,233 inch outer diam. Other specifications same as 270a,

270

270c 0, 286 inch outer diam. Other specifications same as 270b, 270

279a Soft. 279

282 Annealed 1472°F - 1/2 hr. - bar supplied - 5/8 inch diam. Bar sample - 0, 394 inch diam.

99. 7! 282

302b Annealed. 99. 9 302

459a Annealed 1157*F - 2-2/3 hr. - pickled. Wire sample - 0. 114 inch diam. , constant load applied while wire was

heated at 5, 4"F per minute until sample broke.

99- 96 0, 04O 459

•

459b Heated at 36° F per minute. Other specifications same as

459a,

99. 96 0, 04O 459

160

150

140

130

120

110

100

<n 90 Q,

to 80

) —

1 ANN

1 ZALEL1

riELL

ILE

[270cJ Notched

^70bJ Notched

(270aj [459 (236aj [45i bj

(302/>J

[302 bj {66d] [66c]

\66e] leet] m

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

TEMPERATURE, "F

-400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION { weight%) REF. NO

Cu Zn Sn A( Ni Other NO.

7 5a Annealed, Bar sample - 0. 504 inch diam. 99. 98 75

75b Annealed, Bar sample - 0. 2 5 inch diam, . Y.S, - 0,1%

offset. 99. 98 75

95 Annealed 932°F, Strip sample - about 0,039 inch X about

0, 1 inch cross-sectional area, fracture strength recorded.

95

164 Annealed 932°F-2 hrs. - 0. 017mm. 0. S. Bar sample - 0. 158 inch diam, . strain rate = 0,00017 inches/inch/sec

.

99. 9f 164

170 Annealed - bar supplied - about 0. 35 inch diam. Bar

sample - 0. 118 inch diam.

99. 9 1 70

182 Annealed 1472°F - water quenched. Sheet sample - reduced

section 0. 788 X 0. 197 X 0.0945 inch. 182

198a Annealed 932°F - 5 hrs. - furnace cooled 12 hrs. to room

temp. . bar supplied - 3/8 inch diam. Bar sample - 1-1/8

inch long X 0. 2 inch diam. reduced section, strain rate - 8100 inches/inch/minute.

198

198b Strain rate = 27,000 inches/inch/minute. Other specifi- cations same as 198a,

196

198c Strain rate = 54.000 jnches/inch/minute. Other specifi- cations same as 198a, 198

2 36b Annealed 932°F - 5 hrs. Bar sample - 0. 2 inch diam. , strain rate = 1 inch/inch/aec

.

236

236c Annealed 932'F - 5 hrs. Bar sample -0.2 inch diam. . strain rate = 0.001 inch/inch/sec. 236

285b Annealed 1202°F - 1/2 hr. Bar sample - 0, 197 inch diam.

Y.S. - 0.01% stram.

285

I60x 10

150

140

130

120

i 10

iOO \ 90

to" [2 80

CEH

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

TENSILE

YIELD

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

18
Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper

TEMPERATURE, 'f

:4p0 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu tn Sn At Ni Other

Annealed HSl'S - after hoi rolling, plate Bupplied. Bar

sample - reduced section d']/l inches long X 0.418 inch diam., crosshead rate = 0, 5 inch/minule.

99. 45 0,03 0. 4Afl, 0. 06P 78

78b Annealed 138a°F - after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar sample - reduced section Z-\/i inches long X 0. 418 inch diam., cross head rate = O.dS inch/minute.

99, SI 0. J8As. 0. 05O,

0. 03Ni

78

78d Soft, plate supplied. Bar sample - reduced section t-X/l

inches long X 0, 418 inch diam. Crosohead rate = 0. Lb inch/

98. 60 0. 78 0. 45Si, 0. 05Fe,

0. 05P, 0. 02A6

78

89a Annealed to "dull red"- air cooled. Bar sample - 0. 1 18 99. 4 0. 5 0. IPb 89

M5a Annealed 1 1 12°F - I hrs. Bar sample -0.5 inch reduced

diam. . fracture strength recorded, Y. S. - 0, 3% offset.

99. 75 0. 23As 145

316a Annealed - 0. 045mm. G. S. , bar supplied - 0. Mb inch diam. , Y. S. - 0. 5% strain.

99. 60 0,01 0. 32A8, 0. oap

0. 02Fe

316

316rr Annealed - 0. 0,d5mm. G. S. , bar supplied - 0. \lb inch diam. Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.

99. 53 0, 46Te, 0. OIP 316

150

140

130

120

110

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0^ y-l ANNEA/ II —

— TE^ — YIE

iSILE LD

{B9aJ

lb/

[ifSql [

[316

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 - 300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight7o) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

78c Cold rolled to hard temper, plate supplied. Bar sample - reduced section 2-1/2 inches long X 0. 418 inch diam. , crosshead speed = 0.25 inch/minute.

98. 60 0. 78 0. 45Si, 0. 05Fe,

0. 05P. 0. 02Ab

78

9la Hard. 99. 09 0. 91 91

253a Drawn 88. 97d from hot rolled aar. bar supplied - 1/4 inch diam. Wire sample - 0.083 inch diam.

253

2S3b Dray,^ 80. 7% from hot rolled bar, bar supplied - 1/4 inch diam. Wire sample - 0. 110 inch diam.253

2 53c Drawn 67. 97o from hot rolled bar, bar supplied - 1/4 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 142 inch diam.253

253d Drawn 95. 6%, bar s-applied - 0. 4 inch diam. Wire sample - 0. 083 inch diam.

99. 5 0. 5Mg 253

253e Drawn 92. 2%, bar supplied -0.4 inch diam. Wire sample - 0.110 inch diam.

99. 5 0. 5Mg 253

279b Worked. 279

28 Sa Hard drawn. Bar sample 0. 197 inch diam. Y.S. - 0.01% strain. 235

316b Cold drawn 21% - = 45, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 0, 21Te 316

'316c Cold drawn - Rg = 56, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. , Y.S. - 0,2% offset.

99. 64 0, 35Te 316

316d Drawn 37%, bar supplied - 0. 125 inch diam. Y. S, - 0, 2%

offset.

99. 53 0.46TC, O.OIP 316

460a Cold drawn 24.97«, wire supplied - 0. 114 inch diam. Wire

sample - 0.099 inch diam. , constant load applied while wire was heated at 35° F per minute until sample broke.

99. 72 0. 180, 0. lOPb 460

460o Cold drawn 42.4%. Wire sample 0.036 inch diam. Other

specifications same as 460a.

99. 72 0. ISO, 0. lOPb 460

460c Cold drawn 50.87i.. Wire sample - 0,080 inch diam. Other

specifications same as 460a.

9 *. 72 0. ISO. 0. lOPb 460

460d Cold drawn 74.8%. Wire sample - 0.057 inch diam. Other

specificatio.is same as 460a.

99. 72 0. 180. 0. lOPb 460

150

140

130

120

1 10

100

; 90

I-

(/> 70

0^-^

i: WOR <ED — TE — Y/tSSILE

-LD

'2S3e]

''253 oj

SOd] ' [460 c]

ec]

/'253c}' [316 o

k~.

[316b]

e >'\ (46 Oa]

\>

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

19
Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper

TEMPERATURE, 'F

CU RVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn Ai Ni Other

27b As rolled, electrolytic tough pitch, bar supplied - l/2 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section - 2-1/2 inches long X 1/4 inch diam. , stress rate constant: 1120 psi/minute,

tested in carbon dioxide.

?9, 92 0. 08O 27

27c As rolled, bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section - 2-1/2 inches long X 1/4 inch diam. , stress rate constant: 1120 psi/minute, tested in both air and hydrogen, but differences in test results negligible.

*9, 54 0. I3As, 0. 130,

0. lOPb, 0. 08Sn,

0. 02Fe

27

28 Rolled, bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar sample - re- duced section - 2-1/2 inches long X 1/4 inch diam.

99. 84 0. 08O, 0.015 28

179b Cold worked, electrolytic tough pitch. Bar sample - 0. 177

inch diam.

179

210 Cold rolled, oxygen-free high -conduc tiv ity , bar supplied, 0.875 inch diam.

?9. 97 210

302a Cold rolled. Y. S. 99. 9 302

422b Rolled. Bar sample - 0. 72 inch diam. 422

465a Hard (original condition). Wire sample - 0. 197 inch diam. . sample strained to hard condition - then tested after 1/4

hr. , Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.

465

465b Tested after 1 hr. Other specifications same as 465a, 465

465c Tested after 256 hrs. Other specifications same as 465a. 465

160 »

150

140

130

120

MO

100

ITW 70

60

50

40

30

20

10

10-'-^ pi P-i ,—1 1—1 COLD WORKED — TF — YILNSILE

-LD

["65a]

O [422 "] L^465 bj\[46.

[Z7c] [28]

SSo}'

[461

TO

o- [110] [1 \

o [4e5c]

1 100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

TEMPERATURE, "F

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

li Aged 450°C - 1 hr. - 0.203mm. G. S. . ^ 68 - after

first heating to 950°C - water quenching - then cold drawing

85-90%. bar Bapplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - re. duced section; 1.5 inches long X 0.2 47 inch reduced diam. , crosshead speed = 0.02 inch/minute.

Bal

With

Zr, t he ex ese (

eptio emer, of

:s are

0. 18Zr. 16ppm

Ag, 12ppm S. 2ppm As, 5ppm

Sb. < 3ppm O

1

Ij Notched sample - 0.250 inch diam. at roots of circumferential notch - 0. 005 ± 0. 0005 inch notch radius (K-r = 5. 0). Other specifications same as li.

I

92a Heated 1562T - 1/2 hr. - water quenched. Y. S. - 0. 2% 99. 77 0. 23Zr 92

143a Aged 750 to 800T - 1 to 2 hrs. , - Rg = 48 - after cold drawing 75%. bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section - 2.25 inches long X 0 . 48 inch diam . . Y. S. - 0. 27, offset.

99. 84 0. 16Zr 143

143b Rg - 57. Other specifications same as 143a. 99. 82 0. 18Zr 1 43

281a Aged at 752 *F - after cold drawing 54%. Bar sample - 0. 25 inch diam. . crosshead speed ; 0. 02 inch/minute.

99. 85 0. 1 5Zr 281

231b Aged at 707°F - after cold drawing 84%. Bar sample - 0. 25 inch diam. . crosshead speed = 0.02 inch/minute.

99. 85 0. 15Zr 281

281c Aged 842*F - after cold drawing 84%. Bar sample - 0. 25

inch diam..c rosshead speed = 0.02 inch/minute.

99. 3 0. 7Cr 281

298b Aged ("fully heat treated"), bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. . crosshead speed = 0. 1 inch/minute.

9^, 4 0. 6Cr 298

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE. °K

500

20
Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 - 300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 30C 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight^) NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

190a As caat, electrolytic tough pitch. Bar sample, 2 tests/temp 190

190c Ab cast, oxygen-free high -conductivity. Bar sample,

I tests/temp.

190

190e As cast, phosphorized, bar supplied. 2 teste/temp. 190

195b Irradiated approx, 2 12* F - 6 months - in flux of 6 X 10 ' ^ alow neutrons/cm Ysec. - total dose was 5. 1 X 10 slow neutrona/cm^- after annealing at 842°F - 1 hr. . oxygenfree high-conductivity, wire supplied - 0,080 inch diam. Wire sample - 6 inches long X 0. 048 inch diam. , strain

rate = 0.000082 inch/inch/sec. , Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.

195

252a Hot rolled, electrolytic tough pitch, bar supplied - 1,53 inches square, Y.S. - 0.2% offset.99. 96 2 52

252b Hot rolled, bar supplied - 1.58 inches square. Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.99. 5 0. 5Mg 2 52

367e Drawn at 302''F - 88.7%. electrolytic tough pitch, bar supplied - 0,25 inch diam. Wire sample - 0,025 inch diam . , 212'F tests made in boiling water - 419'F tests made in hot Criaco, 3 teste at -310°F - 2 tests other temps.367

367£ Drawn 64.5% at 302 °F - 3 testa each at room temp, and 212°F. Other specifications aame as 367e. 367

367g Drawn 34.8%at 302°F - 5 tests at -310°F. Other

apecificationa aame as 367e.

367i Drawn 34,8% at 392°F - 3 testa each at -310 and 212°F. Other apecificationa aame as 367e.

367

395a Irradiated with 10 ^"^ neutrons/cm^. 395

395b Irradiated with 10 neutrona/cm^. 395

395c Irradiated with 10 ^ ^ neutrons/'cm ^

.

395

433a Irradiated with 3 X 10^^ fast neutrons/cm Vsec . for 3 weekaafter first annealing approx. 400''C to 0.4mm. G. S, - then swaging 507o, wire supplied - 0,085 inch diam. Wire

sample - 0,060 inch diam. , lower yield strength plotted.

99. 999

433

433b 0.076mm, C, S. Other epecifications same as 433a. 433

433c 0.013mm. C. S. Other specifications same aa 433a. 433

150

140

130

120

110

100

ui 90

a. W 80 U

q:

'ui 70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0^^ 1 -J

,

-TEN.

- YIEL

IILE 0

''367 f1 Hot I {3670

Orown 64 %

1 Hot Drown I19 %

{367g J Hot 35 %

[3671] ^ Hot Drown 3

1 ^

48 %

[l95b

Irradloted |—

[I95bj ^ ( 52b]Ho7

j_ Rolled [433c 1 Irradiated [252ay \ [Wb]Irradlated-^^^tio'f'o'l"' '' a

[395c]

-V Irradiated /^5^

- [352a] -c '^^

OS Cost [l90c]

^As Cast 95b] Irrodi 95a] Irrodi

\l90o1 % H

oted

oled 100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

500
Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)

TEMPERATURE, °F

CURVE

NO. MATERIA!* AND T-EST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn AC Ni Other

145b Annealed 111^°F - 2 hrs. Bar sample - reduced section - 2 inches long X 0. 5 inch diam. , fracture strength recorded.

Y. S. - 0. 3% offset.

1 15

179a Annealed 1Z<)2.°F - 1/2 hr. , Na atmos. Bar sample - 0. 177

inch diam.

179

190b Annealed bOO'F - 1/2 hr. - after rolling at IZOO-F. Bar

sample - 2 tests/temp, except at 150 and 350°F.

190

213 Annealed 1112°F - several hrs. , Ar atmos. Wire sample - 0.02 inch reduced diam.

0. 03O 213

316e Annealed - 0.025mm. G. S. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam.,

Y.S. - 0.2% offset.

99. 9b 316

3I6t Annealed 1150'*F - 1/2 hr. - 0.040mm. G. S. - after hot

rolling. Sheet sample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction. Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.

99. 90 316

367b Annealed 1382''F - 5 minutes - after cald drawing 96%. bar

supplied - 0. 25 inch. Wire sample - 0. 025 inch diam. , 212°F tests made in boiling water - 419''F tests made in hot Crisco, 3 tests at 212°F - 2 tests at each of other temps.

367

160x10

150

140

130

120

MO

100

« 90

80 w

CO

UJ

q:W 70

60

50

40

30

20

10

o'^

ANNL—7 —- riELSILE D

i

[213] 9fOb]

tr367bj

fl79aj

079a]. [1

[316 f}

i y ^<=TM5i 3-*

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

500

TEMPERATURE. °F

-400 - 300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF

NO, Cu Zn Sn AC Ni Other

22a Annealed 932''F - air cooled. Bar sample - 0. 138 inch diam.

strain rate .^0.001 mch/inch/sec. . Y.S. - 0. 57^ offset.

99. 9 22

22b Strain rate 100 inches/inch/sec. Other specifications same as 22a.99. 9 22

27a Annealed 1382°F, CO; atmos, - 2 hrs., bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section 2-1/2 inches

long X 1/4 inch diam.. stress rate constant: 1120 psi/ minute, tested in carbon dioxide.

99. 92 0. 08O 27

64a Annealed. 64

78e Annealed 1382°F - after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar

sample - reduced section 2-1/2 inches long X 0. 418 inch diam. , crosshead speed - 0. 25 inch/minute.

99. 91 0.03 0. 0 4O. 0. 01 As 78

89b Annealed 1382°F - water quenched. Bar sample - 0. 118

inch diam.

89

92c Soft. Y.S, -0.2% strain. 92

160x10''

150

140

130

120

I 10

100

S. 90

I/) J2 80

cc

I-^ 70

60

50

40

30

20

10

o'

' ANNEALE0 — TENSILE - YIELD

{89b]

[64a]

/[27aj r89b\

[2Zg} —

[Z2b]

{6'ia] =3 I92

'92c}'

c] [78a]

—A

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

22
Tensile and Yield Strengtth of Copper (Eleetrolytic Tough Pitch)

TEMPERATURE. "F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION 1 weight%l REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

64b Drawn 50%. 64

Cold drawn 25%. Bar aample - 0. 505 inch diann. , cross- head speed - 1/4 inch/minute.

99. 97 263

308 99. 9 0. 03O 308

316g Cold drawn 21%, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar

sample - 0. 505 inch diam.

316

Drawn 84%. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam. , Y. S. - 0. 57e strain.

99. 96 316

316i Cold rolled 5-7% - 0.042mm. G. S. - after hot rolling and

annealing 1150°F - 1/2 hr. Sheet sample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction,

Y. S. - 0. 27, offset.

99. 90 316

316J Drawn 84%. Bar sample - 0. 12 5 inch diam . , Y.S. -0.2%

offset. 99. 95 0. 0 1 0. 03Ag 316

367a Cold drawn <)6%. bar supplied - 0.25 inch. Wire sample - 0.025 inch diam. , 212°F tests made in boiling water - 419°F tests made in hot Crisco, 2 tests/temp. , breaking

367

367c Cold drawn 64.5%. Other specifications same as 367a. 367

367d Cold drawn 34.8%. Other specifications same as 367a. 367

367h Heated 302'F - 10 minutes - in oil - after cold drawing

<»67o, bar supplied - 0.25 inch diam. Wire aample - 0.025

inch diam., 212°F tests made in boiling water - 419°F tests made in hot Crisco, 2 tests/temp, except at 212°F: 4.

367

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper (Oxygen-Free High-Conductivity)

CURVE

NO, MATERIAL, AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) BEF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

152 Annealed - 0.025mm. G. S. - Rp = 34.0, Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam. , rate of loading = 3200 pai/hr. (3200 psi applied at 1 hr. intervals).

99. 99 152

Annealed 800' F - 5 hrs, - after cold rolled 75%, bar

supplied = 0.875 inch diam. Bar sample.

99. 97 212

2i2b Circumferential V-notch. 120°, minimum to maximum

cross-sectional area = 11 to 15%, 0.010 inch notch radius. Other specifications same as 212a.

99. 97 212

212c 90' notch. Other specifications same as 212b. 99. 97 212

212d 60° notch. Other specifications same as 212b. 99. 97 212

31&k Annealed 1150''F - 1/2 hr. - 0. 045mm. G. S. - after hot

rolling. Sheet sample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction.

99. 9t 316

316m Annealed - 0.025mm. G. S. . bar supplied - 0. 125 inch diam. Y. S. - 0. 5% strain.

99. 98 0. 01 316

326 Annealed (soft)-ASTM G. S. # = 5, Rj^ = 86. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 177 inch diam. at ends of 1-1/4 inch long reduced section tapered to 0. 174 inch diam.

at center, 5 tests/temp, at 3 temps. - 6 tests at -323^F. crosshead speed either 0. 2 or 0. 02 inch/minute at all temperatures, values to nearest 100 psi, Y.S. -0.2%

offset.

r -I- Si iver : 99. 9< 128

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

140

130

120

MO

100 1 90 w

<2 80

tr

I-^ 70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0" AmSAL£L7 - TENSILE

- YIELD

^28}-

''2f2il] Notched

> ^{112 c] Notched rill r2IZb] Notched

• Q—

A

r3^8]\ ; [3/6 k

?

:

i

1

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

23
Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper (Oxygen-Free High-Conductivity)

TEMPERATURE, "F

-_400 -zoo -ZOO -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION lweight7<J REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

Annealed 800°F - 1 hr. - 0.025mTn. G. S. -Rp = 34. Bar

sample - 0. 505 inch redaced diam. - polished, rate of loading beyond initial yielding = 1% reduction of area

1 18

149a Annealed - 0. 025mm. G. S. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam. - 2 inch reduced section, straLn rate =0.01 inch/inch/ minute, Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.

149

149b Annealed - 0. 12mm. G. S. Other specifications same as

149a.

99. 99 149

190d Annealed 600'F - 1/2 hr. - after rolling at 1200°F. Bar

sample. 2 tests/temp, except at 150 and SSOT.

190

195a /uinealed 842*F - 0,010 to 0.015mm. G. S. - 1 hr. - after drawing 64%. wire supplied - 0.080 inch diam. Wire

sample - 0.048 inch diam. X 6 inches long, strain ra'e

0. 000062 inch/inch/sec. , Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.

99 99 1 95

Annealed 392°F - 8 hrs He atmos - 0 014mm C S as received, annealed. Foil sample - 0. 0 10 inch thick X

1/2 inch wide, long axis parallel to rolling direction,

strain rate ^ 0. 0005 inch/inch/minute to yield and =^ 0. 02 inch/inch/minute beyond, 4 tests at 80° and -423'*F - 5 tests at -323'F. Y.S. - 0. 1% offset.

217= Annealed - O.OUmm. G.S. - Rp = 49. Wire sample - square - 0.080 inch, strain rate =0.0005 inch/inch/minute

to yield and = 0. 02 inch/inch/minute beyond, 4 to 8 teats/ temp.

217

150

140

130

120

110

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0^^ -J amEALEL1 — TEN — Yi£ SILE Q

[lie}-

{l95a}

{l95o]

{149a]

er

f/49bj ZOO 300 400 TEMPERATURE. °K

500

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 - 300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%l REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other U Cold drawn 60% - 0. 287 to 2. 00mm. G. S. - = 45 to 53. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample ~ reduced

section: 1. 5 inches long X 0. 247 inch reduced diam. . cross head speed = 0.02 itich/minute. Y.S. = 0.2% offset.

Bal 4ppm 16ppm Ag, 12ppm S, 2ppm As, 5ppm Sb,

< 3ppm O

1

Ih Notched sample - 0. 250 inch diam. at roots of circumferential notch, 0.005 ± 0.0005 inch notch radius (K^ = 5.0). Other specifications same as Ig.

Bal ippm 4ppm 16ppm Ag, 12ppm S, 2ppm As, 5ppm Sb,

< 3ppm O

1

115 Cold drawn 11.5% - after annealing in vacuum - 977-F - 6 hrs, - furnace cooled - 0. 1 Imm. C. S. for anneal. Bar

sample - 0, 505 inch diam. , tested at constant croashead

speed. Y, S, - 0. 2% offset.

115

149c Drawn 40%, Bar sample - 0, 507 inch diam. - 2 inch re- duced section, strain rate «0.01 inch/inch/minute.

Y.S. - 0.2% offset.

99. 99 149

212« Cold roUed 75%. bar supplied - 0.875 inch diam. Bar

sample.

99. 97 212

212f Circumferential V-notch - 120'- minimum to maximum

cross-sectional area - 11 to 15% - 0.010 inch notch radius. Other specifications same as 212e.

99. 97 212

212g 90' notch. Other specifications same as 212f. 99. 97 212

212h 60* notch. Other specifications same as 212f. 99. 97 212

217a Drawn - Rg = 57. Bar sample - 1/4 inch diam., strain

rate ^0,0005 inch/inch/minute to yield and =0.02 mch/

inch/minute beyond, 2 tests/temp. , Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.

217

3161 Cold rolled 5 to 7% - 0.040mm. G.S, - after not rolling ana annealing 1150T - 1/2 hr. Sheet sample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested paraUel to rolling direction.

Y, S, - 0, 2% offset.

99. 9f 316

316t) Drawn 84%, bar supplied - 0. 12 5 inch dia.m. Y.S. -0.5% 99. 9f 0.01 316

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K
Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper (Phosphorized)

TEMPERATURE. °F

-400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF, NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

la Annealed 1 lOOT - 1 hr, - 0, 036mm. G S. - = 3 5, bar

Supplied - 3/4 inch diam Bar sample - 1.5 inch reduced

section - 0. 247 inch at middle - 0, 250 inch at ends, cross- head speed = 0. 02 inch/minute, Y. 5. - 0, 2% ofleet.

99 . 97 0. 03P 1

lb Notched sample - 0. 25 inch diam. at roots of circumferential notch - 0. 005 ± 0. 0005 inch notch radius {K^ = 5.0). Other specifications same as la.

99. 97 0, 03P 1

9 Annealed - R^ = 34, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 99. 97 0. 02P 9

78f Annealed 1382°F - after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar

sample - reduced section 2-1/2 inches long X 0.418 inch diam. , c rosshead rate = 0.2 5 inch/mir.ute.

0, 05P, 0, 0 1 Ae

Ibb Annealed 1022T - 1/2 hr, .0.0 20mm. Y. S. - 0. 2% offset. 99. 94 0. 06P 165

190f Annealed 600°F - 1/2 hr, - alter forging and rolling at 1200''F, bar supplied, 2 tests/temp, except 150 and 350°F,

316p Annealed 1150°F - 1/2 hr. - after hot rolling, 0.045mm.

G.S. Sheet sample - 1/8 inch thick X 1/2 inch wide,

tested parallel to rolling di rection, Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.

99. 90 0. 02 - 0. 04P 316

316q Annealed - 0. 013mm. G. S. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam, , Y, S, - 0. 5% strain.

99. 95 0.01 P 316

362a Annealed - 0. 015mm. G. S. , bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam., Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.99. 98 0. 02P 362

362b Annealed - 0. 032mm, G. S. , bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam. . Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.

99. 98 0, 02P 362

362c Annealed - 0.0 70mm, G.S,, bar supplied - 3 inch diam

.

Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam, , Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.

99. 98 0. 02P 362

150

140

130

120

110

100

« 90

in

<2 80

ccH

70

60

50

40

30

20

L _l . ANN£ALEL7 — r£w SILE

.0

{lt>J Notch / {I90f) /ret]

''3l6pJ

1

•—

/"/ 65}^^- —

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE. °K500

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO, Cu Zn Sn Ai Ni Other

Ic Cold drawn 26% - 0. 144mm. G. S. - Rg = 50, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample -1,5 inch reduced section - 0. 247 inch at middle - 0. 250 inch at ends, crosshead speed

- 0.02 inch/minute, Y.S. -0.2% offset.

99. 9-i 0. 03P 1

Id Cold drawn 26%. Notched sample - 0. 25 inch diam, at roots of circumferential notch - 0. 005 ± 0. 0005 inch notch

radius (K,^, = 5.0). Other specifications same as Ic,

99. 97 0. 03P 1

234 Cold rolled 5 to 7%. Plate sample - 1/4 inch thick - cut parallel to roiling direction, crosshead rate = 0, 119 inch/ minute for U. T, S, and 0. 0059 inch/minule for Y. S. , 2 to

3 tests/temp, ,Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.

234

316r Cold rolled 5 to 7% - 0.047mm. G.S. - after hot rolling and annealing 1150°F - 1/2 hr. Sheet sample - 1/8 inch

thick X 1/2 inch wide, tested parallel to rolling direction.

99. 90 0. 02 - 0. 04P 316

3168 Drawn 34%, bar supplied - 0. 125 inch diam. Y, S. - 0. 5% 99. 95 0. OIP 316

362d Drawn 21%, bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam,, Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.

99, 9( 0. 02P 362

362e Drawn 37%, bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam. , Y.S. -0,2% offset.

99. 98 0, 02P 362

362f Drawn 84%, bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/8

inch diam., Y.S. -o. 2% offset,

99. 9( 0. 02P 362

160x10^

150

140

130

120

1 10

100

« 90

o.

c/) in 80

iij CC 70

COLD WORKED

- TEN - YIE

SILE .0

{id] Notchi d

{ic]

''362 fj hie.]

[234] [362t

[362d,

[3l6rj - —

{234]

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, °K

25
Tensile Elongation of Copper

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 80

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION Iweightfol REF.

Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

75a Annealed. Bar sample - 0. 504 inch diam., 2 mch G. L. 99. 98 75

75b Annealed. Ba r sample - 0. 25 inch diam. , 2 inch G. L. 99. 98 75

78a Annealed 1382°F - after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar

sample - reduced section 2-1/2 inches long X 0.418 inch diam. , crosshead speed = 0,25 inch/minute. 2 inch G. L.

99. 45 0. 03 0, 4As, 0. 06P 78

78b Annealed 1382°F - after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar

sample - reduced section 2-1/2 inches long X 0.418 inch diam. , crosshead speed = 0. 25 inch/minute, 2 inch G, L.

99. 51 0. 38Ab, 0. 05O,

0. 03Ni

78

78d Soft, plate supplied. Bar sample - reduced section - 2-1/2

inches long X 0.418 inch diam. , cros ahead speed = 0.25

inch/minute, 2 inch G. L.

53. 60 0. 78 0. 45Si, 0, 05Fe,

0, 05P, 0, 02As

78

89a Annealed to "dull red" - air cooled. Bar sample - 0. 118 inch diam. , 1.18 inch G. L,.

99. 4 0. 5 0. IPb 89

Annealed 1472°F - 1/2 hr, , bar supplied - 5/8 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 394 inch diam. , 2 inch G. L.

99. 75 232

285b Annealed 1202'F - 1/2 hr. Bar sample - 0. 197 inch diam. , 285

298a Annealed 13S2°F. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Crosshead speed = 0.1 inch/minute, 2 inch G. L.

0. 6Cr 298

302b Annealed. 2 inch G. L. 302

20

10

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE. "K500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

95 Annealed 932°F. Strip sample - approx, 0. 1 inch wide X

0. 039 inch thick, 0. 788 inch G. L. 95

145a Annealed 11I2°F - 2 hrs. Bar sample - reduced section - 2 inches long X 0 . 5 inch diam. , 2 inch G. L.

)9. 75 0. 23AS 145

170 Annealed, bar supplied - 0.315 to 0.394 inch diam. Bar

sample -0.118 inch diam. , 1.18 inch G.L.

>9. 9 170

198ai Annealed 932°F - 6 hrs. - furnace cooled 12 hrs. to room

temp. , bar supplied - 3/8 inch diam. Bar sample - re- duced section - 1-1/8 inches long X 0. 20 inch diam. . strain

rate = 8100 inches/ijich/minute, total elongation recorded,

1.11 inch G. L.

193

198a3 Elongation to U. T. S. recorded. Other specifications same

as 193ai.

198

193bi Strain rate - 27.000 inches/inch/minute. Other specifi- cations same as 193ai.

198

198bs Strain rate = 27.000 inches/inch/minute. Other specifi- cations same as 193a2.

198

193C1 Strain rate = 54,000 inches/inch/minute. Other specifi- cations same as 193ai .

198

193C3 Strain rate = 54,000 inches/inch/minute. Other specifi- cations same as 198a3 . 198

279a Soft. 2 inch G. L. 279

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 80

70

60

9 40

O

_J

liJ 30

10

i . LED

[I450J1 [198 CI 1

[95] k

V

[I98b

. C p

=«-. -A

[198a Ij1

[I9aa 4-

s

-O

Cl98c ?/

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

26
Tensile Elongation of Copper

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight^) REF.

Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

Ic Cold dravvn 26% - 0. M4mm. G. S. - Rq ^ 50, phosphorized, bar Supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section

1. 5 inches long - 0, 247 inch diam. at middle - 0. 250 inch diam. at ends, croashead speed = 0.02 inch/minute, 1 inch

G. L.

99. 97 0. 03P 1

64b Drawn 50%, electrolytic tough pitch. 64

149c Drawn 407o, oxygen-free high -conductivity. Bar sample - reduced section - 2 inches long X 0. 505 inch diam. , strain

rate =3 0.01 inch/inch/minute.

149

i79b Cold worked, electrolytic tough pitch. Bar sample - 0. 177 inch diam. , 1.97 inch C, L. 179

217a Drawn - Rg = 57, oxygen-free high -conductivity. Bar

sample - 1/4 inch diam., strain rate ==0.0005 inch/inch/ minute to yield and =0.02 inch/inch/minute beyond. 2 tests, temp. , 1 inch C. L.

217

2 34 Cold rolled 5 to 7%, phosphorized. Plate sample - 1/4 inch

thick - cut parallel to rolling direction, crosshead speed = 0. 0059 inch/minute to Y. S. and 0. 1 19 inch/minute to U. T. S

2 to 3 tests/temp. , 2 inch G. L.

234

253d Drawn 95. b%, bar supplied - 0. 4 inch diam. Wire sample - 0. 083 inch diam. , 7. 88 inch G. L.

99. 5 0. 5Mg 253

263 Cold drawn 257o, electrolytic tough pitch. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam. , crosshead speed = 1/4 inch/minute, 2 inch G. L.

263

31 6i Cold rolled 5 to 7% - 0.042mm. C. S. - after hot rolling and

annealing USO'F - 1/2 hr. , electrolytic tough pitch. Sheet sample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction, 2 inch G. L.

99, 9C 316

316' Cold rolled 5 to 7% - 0. 040mm. G. S. -after hot rolling and

annealing 1150°F - 1/2 hr. , oxygen-free high-conductivity. Sheet sample - 1/2 inch wide X l/8 inch thick, tested

parallel to rolling direction, 2 inch G.L:

99. 9( 316

316r Cold rolled 5 to 7% - 0. 047mm. G. S. - after hot rolling and

annealing IISO'E - 1/2 hr. , phosphorized. Sheet sample - 1/8 inch thick X 1/2 inch wide, tested parallel to rolling

d-'rection 2 inch G L

9"^. 90 0. 02 - 0. 04P 316

316u Tested transverse to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 3I6i.

99. 9C 316

316w Tested transverse to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 316t.

99. 96 316

316x Tested iransverse to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 31 6r.

99. 9C 0.02 - 0. 0 4P 316

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 80

70

50

O 40

O

30

20

' COLD WORKED

1 7V

>

L V

(316,] IV-'A

[3l6u] (3/61]

(Zl7cj

[^63]

079b] 049c]

[64b]

{253(0

200 300 TEMPERATURE.

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

Ig Cold drawn 60% - 0. 287 to 2. OOinm. G. S. - = 45 to 53. oxygen-free high -conductivity , bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section: 1. 5 inches long X 0. 247 inch reduced diam., crosshead speed - 0.02 inch/minute. 1 inch

G. L.

Bal 4ppm 1 6ppm Ag, I2ppm S, 2ppm A a 5ppm Sb, < 3ppm 0

1

78c Cold rolled to hard temper, plate supplied. Bar sample - reduced section - 2-1/2 inches long X 0. 418 inch diam. , crosshead speed = 0.25 inch/minute, 2 inch G.L.98. 60 0. 78 0. 45Si, 0. 05Fe.

0. 05P, 0. 02As

78

91a Hard. 1. 97 inch G. L. 99, 09 0. 91 91

253a Dra%wn 88. 9% - from hot rolled bar, bar supplied - 1/4 inch diam. Wire sample -0.110 inch diam. . 7. 88 inch G. L. 253

Drawn 80. 7% - from hot rolled rod, bar supplied - 1/4 inch diam. Wire sample - 0. 1 10 inch diam . , 7. 88 inch G. L. 253

2 791) Worked. 2 inch G. L. 279

285a Hard drawn. Bar sample - 0. 197 inch diam. 285

308 Drawn, electrolytic tough pitch. 2 inch G.L. 99, 9 0. 03O 308

3Ii>b Cold drawn 21% - Rg ^ 45, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam.

2 inch G. L.

99. 79 0. 2lTe 316

31 be Cold drawn - Rg = 56, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 2 inch

G. L.

99. 64 0. 35Te 316

367a Cold drawn 96%, electrolytic tough pitch, bar supplied - 0.2 5 inch diam. Wire sample - 0. 02 5 inch diam, , 212°F

tests made in boiling water and 419°F tests made in hot Crisco, 2 tests/temp., 2 inch G. L.

367

367c Cold drawn 64. 5%, electrolytic tough pitch. Other specifi- cations same as 367a. 367

465a Hard (original condition). Wire sample - 0. 197 inch diam. , sample strained to hard condition - then tested after 1/4 hr.

1. 97 inch C. L.

465

465b Tested after 1 hr. Other specifications same as 465a. 465

465c Tested after 256 hrs. Other specifications same as 465a. 465

70

60

O 40 <O

2

O

20

COL D WC

1 IRKED

[46

[46

{'9] [780]

[46

[308]

[9,a] IV

(367c.

• fe796j (316b]^-^ °^ ^^^

C

{3l6c]

'3670] (S53aj

[Z53bj1 T^v ' [285 a]

1 100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

261-278 0-67—

3

27
Tensile Elongation of Copper

TEMPERATURE, "F

CURVE

NO, MATE.dAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

li Aged 450°C- 1 hr. - 0.203mm. G. S. - Rg = 68 - after first heating to 950°C - water quenching - then cold drawing 85 - 90%, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced

section: 1. 5 inches long X 0. 247 inch reduced diam. , cross head speed = 0.02 inch/minute, 1 inch G. L.

Bal

With

Zr, t

Ippm

lese e

leptio lemerl

4ppm

1 of

ts art

0. 18Zr, 16ppm

Ag, 12ppm S, 2ppm As, 5ppm

Sb, < 3ppm 0

approximate,

1

2 7b As rolled, electrolytic rough pitch, bar supplied - 1/2 mch

diam. Bar sample - reduced section 2-1/2 inches long X

1/4 inch diam. , stress rate constant: 1 120 psi/minute,

tested in CO2, 2 inch G, L.

99. 92 0. 08O 27

rolled, bar suj^plied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar sample - re- duced section - 2-1/2 inches long X 1/4 inch diam. , stress

rate constant: 1120 pai/minute, tested in both air and

hydrogen, but differences in test results negligible, 2 inch

G. L.

99. 54 0. 13As, 0. 130, O.OlPb, O.OSSn,

0. 02Fe

27

28 Rolled, bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Ear sample - re- duced section - 2-1/2 inches long X 1/4 inch diam. , 2 inch

G. L.

99. 84 0. 08O, 0. OlS 28

92a Heated 1562 " F - 1/2 hr. - water quenched, 1 . 97 inch G, L.. 99. 77 0. 23Zr 92

143a Aged 750 to SOOT - 1 to 2 hrs. - Rg = 48 - after cold drawing 75%, bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar sample - re- duced section - 2,25 inches long X 0.48 inch diam. , 2 inch

G. L,

99. 84 0. IbZr 143a

143b - Other specifications same as I 43a. 99. 82 0. 18Zr 143a

190a As cast, electrolytic tough pitch. Bar sample, 2 tests/ temp. , 2 inch G. L. 190

190c As cast, oxygen-free high -conductivity , Bar sample, 2 tests/temp. , 2 inch G. L.

190

190e As cast, phosphorized. 2 teats/temp. , 2 inch G. L. 190

298b Aged ("fully heat treated"), bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Crosshead speed = 0.1 inch/minute, 2 inch G. L.99. 4 0, bCr 298

302a Cold rolled. 2 inch G. L- 302

422b Rolled. Bar sample - 0,72 inch diam. 42 2

70

60

•t 50

O 40

20

10

L-

[190e

J

Cost

fl90cJCast\

[l90a]Cast

1 ^

f"J ' Tolled

[920J Aged ^ [I43t, /Aged

1 "

L Aaed

ri43oj

0 ^27b]Rolled [3020] Cold

Rolled

[27c]Rolled 3—<)

f422bJfiol

I

ed

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( *eight7ol REF. NO

Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other NO.

195b Irradiated for six months at about 212°F in a flux of 6 X 10^

slow neutrons/cm ^/sec . - total dose was'S. 1 X lO'^ slow neutrons/cm^ - after annealing 842°F-lhr. -0.010 to 0.015 mm G.S. , oxygen-free high-conductivity, 2 inch G. L.

195

Z52a Hot rolled, electrolytic tough pitch, bar supplied -1.58

inches square. 3.94 inch G. L.

)9. 96

)9. 98

252

252b Hot rolled, bar .supplied - 1 . 58 inches square, 3.94 inch

G. L.

)9. 5 0. 5Mg 252

367e Drawn at 302'F - 88. 1%, electrolytic tough pitch, bar sapplied - 0.25 inch diam. Wire sample - 0.025 inch diam., 212°F tests made in boiling water and 419°F tests made

in hot Crisco, 3 tests at -310'*F - 2 tests each at other temps, 2 inch G. L.

367

367g Drawn at 302*F - 34.8%, electrolytic tough pitch. 5 tests

at -310"F. Other specifications same as 367e.

367

367i Drawn at 392°F - 34.8%, electrolytic tough pitch. 4 tests

at -310°F - 3 tests at 212'F. Other specifications same

as 367e.

367

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 80

70

60

zO 40

O_1UJ 30

20

1 1

1

f252 t Hot fi J

lolled

q

[252 c Hot 1 y

?oned

095bJ

Irradioted

o

°s

'367gj Hot 0 n/—

'Own 348% <v [367,J Hot 0'Own 34.8 %

f367ej Hot 0

1 rawn 6

^ —a

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K 28
Tensile Elongation of Copper

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%J NO, Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

Z4a 2 inch G. L.

91b 1. 97 inch C. L. i). 71 0. 29 91

92b 1. 97 inch G. L. 99. 32 0. 68Cr 92

188 Notched (Tipper) - 0. 76 X 0. 61 inch at notch - approx.

0. 01 inch notch radius - 45' (K^ ^ 6. 2), 2 inch G. L.

5 9. 50 0. 37As, 0. 07P,

0. 04Ni

99. 8 22 5

316n Rg = 38, oxygen-free high-conductivity, bar supplied - 3/4 99. 96 316

353a Oxygen-free high -conductivity, sheet supplied - 0.030 inch

thick. Strain rate = 5 to 10 inches/inch/hr. , 1 inch G. L.

99. 93 353

353b Strain rate = 0.4 inch/inch/hr . Other specifications same

aa 353a,

)9. 98 353

353c Strain rate = 0.002 inch/inch/hr. Other specifications 99, 98 353

TEMPERATURE. 'F -460-400 - 300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 80

50

O 40

O_IHJ 30

20

10

1 C NO

ONDI)

T REC

^lON ORDED

[2^1 —/ ^ < 1 r'—

'3530J

[WB] ^3S3bJ \V

[353CJ? -o

[91b]

[92b]

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

Tensile Elongation of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

80

CURVE

NO, MATERIAL. AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF, NO. Cu Zn Sn Ai N» Other

Zla. Annealed 1382"? - COj atmos. - 2 hrs. , bar supplied - \/i inch diam. Bar aannple - redjced section - 2-1/2

inches long X 1/4 inch diam. , stress rate constant: 1 120 psi/minute, tested in COj atmos, , 2 inch G. L.

99. 92 0. 08O 27

64a Annealed, 64

78e Annealed 1382°F - after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar

sample - reduced section - 2-1/2 inches long X 0.418 inch diam. , crosshead speed = 0.25 inch/minute, 2 inch G. L.

99. 91 0. 03 0.04O, O.OlAs 78

89b Annealed HSZT - water quenched. Bar sample - 0. 118

inch diam. , 1. 18 inch G. L.

99. 7 89

92c Soft. 92

145b Annealed 1I12'F - I hrs. Bar sample - reduced section - 2 inches long X 0. 5 inch diam., I inch G. L. 145

179a Annealed 1292"^ - 1/2 hr. in nitrogen. Bar sample - 0. 177 inch diam. , 1. 97 inch G. L. 179

190b Annealed 600°F - 1/2 hr. - after rolling at UOCF, electrolytic tough pitch. Bar sample - 2 teats/temp, except

at 150 and 350°F. 2 inch G. L.

190

316f Annealed 1150°F - 1/2 hr.-O. 0 40mm. C. S, - after hot

rolling. Sheet sample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction, 2 inch G. L.

99. 90 316

316t Tested transverse to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 316f.

99. 90 316

367b Annealed 1382''F - 5 minutes - after cold drawing 96%, bar

supplied -0.25 inch diam. Wire sample - 0. 02 5 inch diam. . 212''F tests made in boiling water and 419*^ testa made in hot Criaco, 3 tests at 2 12 " F - 2 testa each at other temps.,

I inch G, L.

367

60

50

O 40

I-<

zo

_iUl 30

10

1 ANNEALED

[l9 Ob]\

[3160 [I45b]

0

[316 1] y

[I79ill [640, 1 [89b] o

[7Be}-

[9Zc]\

0

[367bI

I

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K500

29
Tensile Elongation of Copper (Oxygen-Free High-Conductivity)

CURVE

NO, MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

149i Annealed - 0.025mm. G. S. Bar sample - reduced eection -

Z inches long X 0. 505 inch dlam. , strain rate ^0.01 inch/ inch/minute, 2 inch G. L.

99. 99 149

149b Annealed - 0. 12mm. G. S. Other specifications same as 149a 99. 99 149

1S2 Annealed - 0. 025mm. G. S. - = 54. 0. Bar sample -

0. 505 inch diam. . rate of loading = 3203 psi/hr. (3200 psi applied at 1 hr. intervals), 2 inch G. L,

99. 99 152

190d Anjiealed bOQ-F - 1/2 hr. - after rolling at 1200°F. Bar

sample, 2 tests/temp, except at 150 and 350*^, 2 inch G. L.

190

I95a Annealed 842'F-l hr. - 0.010 to 0. 015mm. G. S. - after drawing 64%, wire supplied - O.OSO inch diam. Wire

sample - 6 inches long X 0.048 inch long, strain rate = 0.000382 inch/inch/sec. , 2 inch G. L.

99. 99 195

217b Annealed 392"^- 8 hrs. , He atmos, - 0. 014mm. G. S. - after receiving annealed. Foil sample - 0.010 inch thick X

1/2 inch wide - long axis parallel to rolling direction, strain rate ==0.0005 inch/inch/minute to yield and ^0.02

inch/inch/minute beyond, 4 tests at 80°F and -423''F and

5 tests at -323*^, 2 inch G. L.

2 17

217c Annealed - 0. 011mm. G. S. - Rp = 49. Wire sample - square - 0.080 inch, strain rate == 0.0005 inch/inch/minute

to yield and ^0.02 inch/inch/minute beyond, 3 to 8 testf / temp, , 1.2 inch G. L.

217

316k Annealed IISO'F - 1/2 hr. - 0.045mm. G. S. - after rolling. Sheet sample - 1/2 inch wide X l/8 inch thick, tested

parallel to rolling direction, 2 inch G. L.

99.96 3Ib

316v Tested transverse to rolling direction. Other specification

9

same as 3 1 6n.

99. 9fa 316

328 Annealed (soft) - ASTM G. 5. # = 5 - R^ = 86. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section - 1 1/4 inches

long X 0. 174 inch redjced diam. , 2 tests each at 70" and -108°F - 3 tests each at -323° and -423''F, crosshead

speed was either 0.2 or 0.02 inches/minute at all temps. , 0. 708 inch G. L. (4 X diam. ).

Cop jer ar d Silv sr = ?9. 99 328

TEMPERATURE. "F

-460-400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 80

70

- 50

O 40

o

LU 30

20

10

ANNEALEO

[49b]

i

[I90d]

s

D

[3l6v] V7v

a

[-['• k [l4i <•]

[328] 1

[217b]

l3l6k]

[I95aj

1

0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

V

Tensile Elongation of Copper (Phosphorized)

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 - 300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 80

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( «eight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At N. Other NO.

U Ai\nealed 1100°F - 1 hr. - 0.036mm. G. S. - Rp = 35, bar

supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section -

1. 5 inches long - 0. 247 inch diam. at middle - 0. 250 inch diam. at ends, crosshead speed = 0.02 inch/minute, 1 inch

C. t.

99. 97 0. 03P 1

78f Annealed 1392°F - after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar

sample - reduced section - 2-1/2 inches long X 0.418 inch diam. , crosshead speed = 0. 25 inch/minute, 4 inch G. L.

99. 92 0. 02 0. 05P, 0. OlAs 78

190£ Annealed 600°F - 1/2 hr. - after rolling at 1200'F, Bar

sample, 2 testa/temp, except at 150 and 350°F, 2 inch G. L.

190

316p Annealed 1 150°F - 1/2 hr. - 0.045mm. G. S. - after hot

rolling. Sheet sample - 1/8 inch thick X 1/2 inch wide, tested parallel to rolling d-rection, 2 inch G. L.

99. 90 0. 02 - 0. 04P 316

316y Tested transverse to rolling direction. Other specifi- cations same as 3I6p.99. 90 0. 02 - 0. 04P 316

20

10 -

0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, °K

30
Tensile Reduction of Area of Copper

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( «eigh>7.) REF

NO, Cu Zn Sn A( Ni Other NO,

75a Annealed, Bar sample - 0, 504 inch diam. 99. 93 75

7 5b Annealed. Bar sa-nple - 0.25 inch diam. 75

170 An.Tealed, bar aupplied - 0. 315 to 0. 394 inch diam.

Bar 3,imple -0. 118 inch diam.

170

270a Annealed 933° F - 1 hr. - air cooled. Bar sa-nple - 0.2 12 inch diam. , crosshead speed ^0.05 inch/minate. < 0. 001

inch between sample axis and loading axis.

2 70

2 70b Bar sample - notched: 0.212 inch diam. at notch - < 0. 00 1 inch notch radius (K =; 10. 3) - 60° notch angle - 0,233

inch outer diam. , values refer to reduction at notch. Other specifications same as 270a.

270

0. 286 inch outer d-am. Other specifications same as 270b,

279a Soft. 279

282 Annealed 147Z°F - 1/2 hr. - bar supplied - 5/8 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 394 inch diam.

99. 75 282

235b Annealed U02°F - 1/2 hr. Bar sample - 0. 197 inch diam. 28 5

302b Annealed 99. 9 302

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460 -AQO -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100

90

80

70

<

LU 60 <

50 Zo

I-og 40

UJ

IT

30

20

> NN£t\L£0

[l70] t \

. / 0 S f- — —

—•

[30Zb

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

CURVE

NO, MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight^) REF.

NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

78a Annealed 1332°F - after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar

sample - reduced section - 2-1/2 inches long X 0.418 inch diam. . crosshead 5peed - 0. 25 inch/minute.

99. 45 0. 03 0. 4As, 0. 06P 78

78b Annealed 1382°F - after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar

sample - red jced section - 2 -1/2 inches long X 0, 418 inch diam. , crosshead speed ^ 0. 25 inch/minute.

99. 51 0. 38As, 0. 05O.

0. 03Ni

78

78c Cold rolled to hard temper, plate supplied. Bar sample - reduced section - 2-1/2 inches long X 0.418 inch diam. , crosshead speed = 0,25 inch/minute.

93, 60 0. 78 0. 45Si, 0. 05Fe, 0.05P, 0.02AS

78

145a Annealed 1112°F - 2 hrs. Bar sample - reduced section - 2 inches long X 0. 5 inch reduced diam.

99. 75 0. 23As 145

194a Annealed 1202°F - 1 hr. - cooled -o 212°F at rate of 50°F/hr.. after first annealing 1247'F - 36 hrs.- then swaging 36% at 1508'F - then cold swaging 367o - then

cold drawing 27%, prepared from electrolytic copper and

antimo.iy. Bar sample - 0. 212 inch d am. , 6 tests/temp. , strain rate = 0.05 inches/inch/minute.

0, 5Sb 194

194:) Strain rate = 19,000 inches/inch/minute. Other specifi- cations same as 194a.

0. 5Sb 194

459a Annealed 1157^ - 2-2/3 hrs. - pickled. Wire sample - 0.114 inch diam. , constant load applied while wire was

heated at 3b.0°F per minute until sample broke, same

results for 5. 4°F per minute.

99. 96 0. 04O 4 5'3

TEMPERATURE. "F

-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 ANNEALED

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE. "K

31
Tensile Reduction of Area of Copper

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

la Annealed UOO'F - 1 hr. - 0.036mm. G. S. - Rf = ^5, phosphorized, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - 0.250 inch diam. at ends - 0.247 inch diam. at center, crosshead speed = 0,02 inch/minute.1

9 Annealed - R^ = 34, phosphorized, bar supplied - 3/4

inch diam.

99. 97 0. 02P 9

78f Annealed 1332°F - after hot rolling, phosphorized, plate supplied. Bar sample - reduced section - 2-1/2 inches

long X 0. 418 inch diam. , crosshead speed = 0. 25 inch/ minute.

99. 92 0, 03 0. 05P, 0. OlAs 78

149a Annealed 0.025mm, G. S. , oxygen-free high-cond activity. Bar sample - redjced section - 2 inches long X 0. 505 inch diam., strain rate .;:0.01 inches/inch/minute.

99. 99 149

149b Annealed - 0. 12mm. G. S. Other specificatio.is same as

149a.

99. 99 149

152 Annealed-0. 025mm. G. S, - R^. = 34.0. oxygen-free highconductivity. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch dia.Ti, , rate of loading = 3200 psi/hr. (3200 psi applied at 1 hr. intervals).

99. 99 152

190d Annealed 600°F - 1/2 hr. - after rolling 1200''F, oxygenfree high-conductivity. Bar sample, 2 tests/temp,

except at 150 and 350''F.

190

190f Annealed bOOT - 1/2 hr. - after rolling 1200''F, phosphorized. Bar sample, 2 tests/temp, except at 150 and 350''F.

190

2 17c Annealed - 0.01mm. G. S. - Rp = 49. oxygen-free high-conductivity. Wire sample - 0.080 inch square, strain rate =

0. 0005 inch/inch/minute to Y. S. and --=0. 02 inch/inch/ minute beyond, 2 to 7 tests/temp.

217

316k Annealed 1150° F - 1/2 hr. - 0.045mm. G. S - after hot

rolling, oxygen-free high -conductivity. Sheet sample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction.

99. 96 316,.

316p Annealed 1 1 50 ° F - l/2 hr. - 0. 04 5mm G. S. - after hot

rolling, phosphorized. Sheet sample - 1/8 inch thick X

1/2 inch wide, tested parallel to rolling direction.

99. 90 0, 02 - 0. 04P 316

316v Tested transverse to rolling direction. Other specifications same aa 316k. 316

3 16y Tested transverse to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 316p.

99. 90 0.0 2 - 0. 0 4P 316

328 Annealed (soft)-ASTM G. S. # ^ 5 - R^^ = 86, oxygen-free

high conductivity, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar

sample - reduced section - 1 -l/4 inches long X 0. 174 inch reduced diam. . 4 tests/temp, at 3 temps. . 5 tests at -323°F. crosshead speed either 0.2 or 0.02 inches/minute at all temps.

Copp r + S Iver - 99. 99 328

TEMPERATURE, "F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100

80

70

U 60 <

50

30

20

1

1

1 1 pi6k]

1 A

' 1

'

1 NNEALED

1

[I90f]

[la] -A-3

Od]

'3I6\/] f328] \

^/

[}l6y]/

' /

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE. °K

500

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO,

li Aged 450°C - 1 hr. - 0. 203mm. G. S..- Rg = 68 - after first heating to 950°C - water quenching - then cold drawing 85 - 90%, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced

section: 1.5 inches long X 0. 247 inch reduc ed diam. , cross- head speed = 0.02 inch/minute.

Bal

With

these

Ippm

eptio

nts a

of Z

e app

0. 18Sr, Ibppm Ag. 12ppm S, 2ppm

As, 5ppm Sb, < 3ppm 0

1

Heated 1562°F - 1/2 hr. - water quenched. 99. 77 0. 23Zr 92

143a Aged 750 to 800°F - 1 to 2 hrs. - R = 48 - after cold drawing 75%, bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section - 2.25 inches long X 0.48 inch reduced

diam.

99. 84 0. 16Zr 143

143b = 57. Other specifications same as 143a. 99. 82 0. 18Zr 143

190a As cast, electrolytic tough pitch - Bar sample, measurements difficult because of distorted pieces, 2 tests/temp.

190

190c As cast, oxygen-free high -condactivity. Bar sample, measurements difficult because of distorted pieces, 2 tests/temp.

190

190e As cast, phosphorized - Bar sample, measurement difficult because of distorted pieces, 2 tests/temp.

190

252a Hot rolled, electrolytic tough pitch, bar supplied - 1.58 inches square.

99. 96 99:982 52

252b Hot rolled, bar supplied - 1. 58 inches square. 99. 5 0. 5Mg 252

231a Aged at 752°F - after cold drawing 547o. Bar sample - 0.25 inch diam., crosshead speed = 0.02 inch/minute.

99. 85 0. 15Zr 281

281b Aged at 707°F - after cold drawing 84%. Bar sample - 0.25 inch diam., crosshead speed ; 0.02 inch/minute.

99. 85 0. 15Zr 281

281c Aged 842'F - after cold drawing 84%. Bar sample - 0.25

inch diam., crosshead speed : 0.02 inch/minute.

99. 3 0. 7Cr 281

302a Cold rolled. 99. 9 302

367e Drawn at 302° F - 88. 7%, electrolytic tough pitch, bar supplied - 0.25 inch diam. Wire sample - 0.025 inch diam. 212°F tests made in boiling water and 419°F tests made in hot crisco, 3 tests at - 3I0°F - 2 tests each at other temps.

367

367f Drawn at 302 °F - 64. 5%, electrolytic tough pitch. 3 tests each at roo.m temperature and 212°F. Other specifi- cations same as 367e.

367

367g Drawn at 302°F - 34.8%, electrolytic tough pitch. 5 tests

at -310°F. Other specifications same as 367e. 367

TEMPERATURE, °F

-460-400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100

70

UJ 60

q:<

50

40

30

20

Aged [zei a]Aged

c

q

520jHol Roll itj\

ged—Ji

-p{l3 OaJ'

St

fl'jAged 126/cl Aged 1

Hot I >rawn ^64%^ ^~\

oHotD 'Own X

0-

V

L

^[I'iSo] Aged

\^

\ Vr

'367eJ Hoi Drown 89% \\

'30Zaj Cold Rolled

1

fl90e] Cast

\

[1- oy /

0

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE. "K

500

32
Tensile Reduction of Area of Copper

CU RVE MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other NO.

Ic Cold drawn 26% - 0. 144mm. C. S, - ^ 50, phoflphorized, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - 0.250 inch diam. at ends - 0. 247 inch diam. at center, crosshead

speed - 0. 02 inch/minute.

99. 97 0. 03P 1

Ig Cold drawn 60% - 0.287 to 2.00mm. G. S. Rg ^ 45 to 53, oxygen-free high -conductivity, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam Bar sample - reduced section: 1. 5 inches long X 0.247 inch reduced diam. , crosshead speed = 0.02 inch/minute.

Bal 16ppm Ag, lippm

Sb, < 3ppm O.

1

91b 99. 71 M9c Drawn 40%, oxygen-free high -conductivity . Bar sample - reduced section - 2 inches long X 0.505 inch diam. , strain

rate ^0.01 inch/inch/minute.

M9

217a Drawn - Rg = 57, oxvgen-free high -c onduc tivity . Bar sample 1/4 inch diam.. strain rate ==0.0005 inch/inch/minute

to Y, S. and ^0.02 inch/inch/minute beyond, 2 tests/temp.

217

234 Cold rolled 5 to 7%, phosphorized. Plate sample - 1/4 inch

thick - Cut parallel to rolling direction, crosshead speed = 0.0059 inch/minute to Y. S. and 0.1 19 inch/minute to U.T.S. .

234

263 Cold drawn 25%, electrolytic tough pitch. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam. , crosshead speed = l/4 inch/minute.

263

316t Cold rolled 5 to 7% - 0,040mm. G. S. - after hot rolling and annealing IISO'F - 1/2 hr. , oxygen-free high-conductivity. Sheet sample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested par-illel to rolling direction.

99. 96

316r Cold rolled 5 to 7% - 0. 047mm. G. S. - after hot rolling and annealing 1150°F - l/2hr,, phosphorized. Sheet sample - 1/8 inch thick X 1/2 inch wide, tested parallel

to rolling direction.

99. 90 0. OZ ' 0. 04P 316

316w Tested transverse to rolling direction. Other specifi- cations same as 316t. 316

316x Tested transverse to rolling direction. Other specifi- 99. 90 0.02 - 0. 04P 316

367a Cold drawn 96%, electrolytic tough pitch, bar supplied - 0. 25 inch diam. Wire sample - 0. 02 5 inch diam. -212'F

tests made in boiling water and 419°F tests made in hot Criaco, 2 tests/temp.

367

3fa7c Cold drawn 64, 5%, electrolytic tough pitch. Other

specifications same as 367a. 367

367d Cold drawn 34.8%, electrolytic tough pitch. Other

specifications same as 367a.

3f 7

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 -i;00 100 0 100 200 300 4O0 500

100

90

<

LJ 60 <

50

40

20

\3i6rj .0 WORKEl

. 1

CO

^234]

['97 '2l7cl / -/ <

r ''3l6w] '/^

\ w

'367CJ

i hi

tf^*- ¥^ [91b]

,[3t 7d]

r

V

100 200 300 TEMPERATURE,

400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%l REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

64b Drawn 50%, electrolytic tough pitch. 64

78c Cold rolled to hard temper, plate supplied. Bar sample - reduced section - 2-1/2 inches long X 0. 418 inch diam. , crosshead speed = 0,25 inch/minute.)8. 60 0. 78 0. 45Si, 0. 05Fe, 0.05P, 0,02As78

179b Cold worked, electrolytic tough pitch. Bar sample - 0. 177 inch diam.

179

253a Drawn 88.9% - from hot rolled rod, bar supplied - 1/4 inch diam. Wire sample - 0. 110 Inch diam.2 53

253b Drawn 80, 7% from hot rolled rod, bar supplied - 1/4 inch diam. Wire sample - 0. 1 10 inch diam.253

253d Drawn 95. 6%, bar supplied - 0. 4 inch diam. Wire sample - 0. 083 inch diam.

99. 5 0. 5Mg 2 53

279b Worl^ed. 279

285a Hard drawn. Bar sample - 0. 197 inch diam. 285

316b Cold drawn 21% - R^ = 45, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 99. 89 0. 21Te 316

316c Cold drawn - R^ = 56, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 99. 64 0. 35Te 316

316i Cold rolled 5 to 7% - 0.042mm. G. S. - after hot rolling and annealing 1150°F - 1/2 hr. , electrolytic tough pitch. Sheet sample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested

parallel to rolling direction.

99. 90 316

316u Tested transverse to rolling direction. Other specifi- cations same as 316i.

99. 90 316

460a Cold drawn 24.9%, wire S'jpplied - 0. 114 inch diam. Wire sample - 0. 099 inch diam. , constant load applied while wire was heated at 36° F per minute until sample broke.

99. 72 0. ISO, 0. lOPb 460

460b Cold drawn 42.47o. Wire sample - 0.086 inch diam. Other specifications same as 460a.

99. 72 0. ISO, 0. lOPb 460

460c Cold drawn 50.8%. Wire sample - 0.080 inch diam. Other specifications same as 460a.

99. 72 0. 180, 0. lOPb 460

460d Cold drawn 74.8%. Wire sample - 0.057 inch diam. Other specifications same aa 460a.

99. 72 0. ISO, 0. lOPb 460

TEMPERATURE. °F

-460-400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100

80

u 70

<

UJ 60 <

50

30

ct ORKED

'i53dj

< [It 5a]

'^S36,

f3l6uf {253a

-\~<3C\

"\

'3/Lj

[3/6b]—

t

(79b] fi60a]i

1 ^ [460b]-

[^eodj

r3l6cj

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

500

33
Tensile Reduction of Area of Copper

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( *eight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn Ni Other

91b 99. 71 0, 29 91

92b 99. 32 0. 68Cr 92

IS8 Plate sample - notched (Tipper) - 0. 76 X 0. 61 inch at notch- approx. 0.01 inch notch radius - 4S° (K^ 6. 2).

99. 50 0. !7As, 0. 07P,

0. 04Ni

188

316n R - 33, oxygen-free high-co.iductivity. bar supplied - inch diam.

99. 96 316

421 Bar sample. 421

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100

80

o 70

50

30

20

1 1 1 CONDITION NO!" RECORDEL

i>

1

L 3,6n]

[92bl

[9^lb]

100 200 300 TEMPERATURE.

Tensile Reduction Area of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn Ni Other

^^a Annealed 93Z°F - air cooled Bar sa.-nple - 0 139 inch diam., strain rate ;;:0.001 inch/inch/sec.

99, 9 22

Annealed 932*F - air cooled. Bar sample - 0. 133 inch diam.. strain rate 103 inches/inch/sec

.

99. 9 22

64a Annealed. 64

78e Annealed 1332°F - after hot rolling, plate supplied Bar

sample - reduced section - 1-1/1 inch long X 0.418 inch diam,. crosshead speed = 0.25 inch/minute.

9*9. 91 0,03 0. 04O. 0. OlAs 78

89b Annealed ISSZT - water qjenched. Bar sample - 0. 118

inch diam.

99. 7 89

93c Soft, 92

145b Annealed 1112°F - I hrs. Bar sample - reduced section -

Z inches long X 0. 5 inch diam.

145

179a Annealed IZ'^Z'Y - 1/2 hr. in nitrogen. Bar sample - 0.177 inch diam.

179

190b Annealed 600°F - 1/2 hr. - after rolling at UODT. Bar

sample, I tests/temp, except at 150 and 350'F.

190

316f Annealed 1150'F - 1/2 hr. - 0. 040mm. G. S. - after hot

rolling. Sheet sample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction.

99. 90 316

316t Tested transverse to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 316f.99. 90 316

367b Annealed 1 332°F - 5 minutes - after cold drawing 96%, bar

supplied - 0.25 inch diam. Wire sample - 0.025 inch diam. 212'F tests made in boiling v/ater and 419*F tests made in hot criaco, 3 tests at 212'F - 2 tests each at other temps.

367

TEMPERATURE. "F

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100

90

60

40

30

20

1 1 1

A NNEtiLED

[I790J

• 1^316 f

J

^4

[640] [92 c] (I90bj

[B9b] —

[367bJ [78,}

Hi45b]

'

j [316 1]

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE. °K500

34
Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of Copper

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (welght%) REE

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

la Annealed 1100°F - 1 hr. - 0.036mm. C. S. - Rp = 35, phoaphorized, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample -O.ZSO

inch at ends - 0.247 inch at center, crosshead speed = 0.02

inch/minute, clamp-on strain gage extensometer, 1 inch

G. L.

99.97 0. 03P 1

328 Annealed (soft) - ASTM C. S.#=5-R(^=8f), oxygen -free high -conductivity, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar

sample - reduced section - 1-1/4 inch long X 0. 174 inch reduced diam.. crosshead speed was either 0.2 or 0.02 inches/minute at all temps. , clamp-on strain gage exten- someter, 1 inch G. L.

Copp. r + S )ver : 99.99 328

150

140

130

120

MO

100

» 90

80

t- 70

10 —

\ieALe0

-423'F1

'KHoe \^•F)

^ 1

\20'K(-4Z3'

/f)

/ ^^

\ V \

1 J y

1

1 ~76'K(-323'FJ

* 11 w 95 'Kf j—

\ -\—

95'K(I0B'F)

1 la 328

0 1 0-2 0 3 0^ 0 5 0,6 07 08 09 STRAIN, Inches per inch

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

33a Annealed, single crystal - orientation near [511 ]. Sample

area = 0.0114 ijichesf 0. 584 inch G. L. , discontinuous slip - last pd rt of curve.

99. 99933

33b Annealed, single crystal - orientation near [221], Sample

area = 0.0179 inches^, 1.51 inches G.L., twinning last pa rt of curve.

99. 99933

33c Irradiated lO^^nvt (neutrons/cm**) - after annealing, single

c r /stal - orientation near [221]. Sa-nplea rea - 0.0195

inches, 1. 52 inches G. L. . twinning last part of curve.

99. 99 933

163a Annealed. 99. 9 163

160

150

140

130

120

110

100

a 90

J3 80 ^ 70

60

50

40

30

20

10

X lU —

Hie:

1 4-

'ajAnnt Kl-4Scoled "FJ

1 {l63a] Annealed 300'K(BI'FJ—{33bjAnnealed 7e'K(-323'F)

1 J 1 133aj Annealed 4'Kt-4S2'F)

1 1 "^33cj Irrad 76'K (-3c

iated '3-FJ 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 1.6 STRAIN, inches per inch

IS 20

35
Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of Copper

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF

HO.

Ic Cold drawn 26% - 0. 144mm. G. S. - Rb = 50, phosphorized. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - 0.250 inch at ends - 0.247 inch at center, crosshead speed = 0.02 inch/ minute, clamp-on strain gage extensometer, 1 inch G. L..99.97 0. 03P 1

29c Drawn, oxygen-(ree high-conductivity. Bar sample -approx.

6 inches long - 0. 564 inch reduced diam. - surface not polished, strain rate ^0.04 inch/inch/minute.

29

29d Strain rate =5,0 inches/inch/minute. Other specifications same as 29c. 29

163b Drawn 14% at -452''F then unloaded and warmed to 81°F in

1 7 minutes.

99.9 163

1 63c "Unannealed". 99.9 163

195b Irradiated for six months at approx, 212*^ in a flux of 6 X

10 slow neutrons/cm Vsec. , total dose was 5. IX 10^^ slow neutrons/cm - after annealing, oxygen-free highconductivity, wire supplied, 0.080 inch diam. Wire sample - 0.048 inch diam. X 6 inches long, strain rate = 0.000082

inch/inch/sec.

99.99 195

160x10"

0 2 0.3 0.4 05 Q6 0.7 0.8 09 STRESS, inches per inch

1.0

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%} REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

Cold drawn 60% - 0.287 to 2.00mm. G. S. - Rg = 45 to 53, oxygen-free high -conductivity, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section: 1. 5 inches long X 0. 247 inch reduced diam. , crosshead speed = 0, 02 inch/minute, clampon, strain gage extensometer, 1 inch G. L.

Bal Ippm 1 6ppm Ag, 12ppm

S. 2ppm As, 5ppm

Sb, < 3ppm O.

1

li Agea -i50°C - 1 hr. - 0. 203mm. G. S. - Rg = 68 - after first heating to 950''C -water quenching - then cold drawing 85 - 90%. Other specifications same as Ig.

Bal

Other

0. 18Zr

as for Ig.

1

29a Annealed 1112°F - 1/2 hr. in pure nitrogen, oxygen-free

high-conductivity. Bar sample - approx. 6 inches long - 0. 564 inch reduced diam. - surface not polished, strain

rate ^ 0. 04 inch/inch/minute.

29

29b Strain rate ; 5. 0 inches/inch/minute. Other specifications same as 29a. 29

195a Annealed 842''F - 1 hr. - 0,010 to 0,015mm. G. S. - after drawing 64%, wire supplied - 0. 080 inch diam. , oxygen -free high-conductivity. Wire sample - 0.048 inch diam. X 6 inches long, strain rate = 0.000082 inch/inch/sec.99.99 195

150

to 80

LlI cc

I- 70 w

X lU — 1

1 1 figj Cold Drown 60 %

flij Aged

/lij4°K(-452''Fl

^li]20°K(-423''F,

L\TrC flg]20°K(-4Z3''F) ~[li]76''K (-323°F) ^lg]76''K (-323°F)

I95°K(-I08''F}

^-H'gJ I95''K(-I0iI'F) ^I95a] Anni 76'K (-32

1

died 3'Fl '^^li]Z95°K(72'l JS9b

^ 29 ] Ann

5'K(7^

eoled "FJ

[195aj Annealed 295'K(72'F)

1

i

i ^29o,

295

1 Anne 'K(72

Tied F)

\

I

0,1 0.2 03 04 05 06 07 0.8 STRAIN, inches per inch 09

36
Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of Copper (Electrolytic Touj^h Pitch)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( »eight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn Ni Other NO.

Annealed I112°F. Strain rate =i0.001 inch/inch/sec.

21b Annealed UU'F. Strain rate « 100 inches/inch/sec. 1 1

Annealed 932-F - air cooled. Bar sample - 0. 138 inch diam. . strain rate to U. T. S. = 0. 0004 inch/inch/aec. , 0. 75 inch G. L.

99. 9 11

Hi Strain rate to U. T. S. = 80 inches/inch/sec. Other specifi- 99. 9 11

179 Annealed. Bar sample - 0. 177 inch diam. 179

150

140

130

120

1 10

100

•« 90

1^ 80

UJ

a:t- 70

if>

60

50

40

30

20

10

X lU —

Al EO —

/6'K (-323 F)

[17 Room

9]

Temp. [22 d]

\ \

[22c] /

[22c]-

195'It (-108' f) /'// u// [21a]- * —

0.1 0 2 03 04 Q5 0.6 0.7 0,6 STRAIN, inches per inch

0.9 1.0

Hardness of Copper

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

79a Annealed 1652*F - 1/2 hr. - after cold rolling 50%. Diamond pyramid hardness-10 kgm. load.

99. 44 0. 01 0. 03 0. 37As, 0. 09O,

0. OlAg

79

791) Annealed 1652*F - 1/2 hr. - after cold rolling 50%. Diamond pyramid hardness - lOkgm.load.

99. 45 0. 01 0.07 0. 36As, 0. 07P,

0. 01 Ag

79

79c Annealed 1652"F - 1/2 hr. - after cold rolling 50%,

electrolytic tough pitch. Diamond pyramid hardness - lOkgm load.

99. 85 0. 01 0. 02 0. 03O, 0. OlAg 79

95 Annealed 932° F. Strip sample - approx. 0, 039 inch thick X approx. 0, 1 inch cross-sectional area. Brinell hardness

steel ball - 0. 0394 inch diam. , tests at 68' and -297*F made on same strip.

95

141a Aged 830°F - 16 hrs. - after annealing 1830°F - 15 minutes and cold rolling to R^ = 70. Diamond pyramid

99. 2 0. 8Cr 141

1416 Aged 800°F - 1 hr. - after annealing 1300°F - 20 minutes

and cold rolling to R^ = 65. Diamond pyramid hardness.

99. 75 0. 25Zr 141

180a Annealed 1292*F - 1 hr. , electrolytic tough pitch. Cone

indenter - 120' - 25 kgm. load - 5 minutes.

180

180b Cold worked, electrolytic tough pitch. 120° - 25 kgm.

load - 5 minutes.

180

423a Soft. 400 kgm. load - ball indenter - 10mm. diam. 423

423b Worked. 700 kgm. load - ball indenter - 10mm. diam. 423

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460 -400 - 300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

160

150

140

130

120

1 10

a

E^ 90

to

i/l « 80

T3I 70

60

50

40

30

20

10

1

Oeobj Cold Workei

[l4la_ Age

/

[79b] Anneoied \ -O

[79 l]Annt oled - -A—

-a

/ [7^c] Annealed N

^Ibp

Aged

A [BOajnneole d \

'423bj Worke

7d^

A

[95]

nneole 1

[«23ajf—a

Anne aled

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

500

37
Hardness of Copper

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

160 I

' ' ' ...

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn A( Ni Other NO,

101 10 to ISOkgm.load - 120° cone indenter - diamond. lOI

131 Brinell hardness - 3000kgm. load. 131

191 Electrolytic tough pitch. Cone indenter - 90° - 5 to lOOOkgm. load - 15 sec.

191

Z 42 Sample - 5/8 inch square - 2-1/2 inches long, Vickera diamond pyramid hardness. 4 tests/temp.

359 Oxygen-free high -c onduc ti vity . Diek sample - 1/2 to 1 inch diam. - 1/4 to 1/2 inch thick. Diamond pyramid hardness - 500gm. load.

359

'Dynamic hardness." 42 4

442 Electrolytic tough pitch. Cone indenter - 120' - diamond - 10 to 150kgm. load - 60 sec. 442

150

140

130

120

1 10

100

I 90

tn£ 80

cI 70

60

50

40

30

20

10

c NOT

1—' ONon

RECinON

ORDEL 1

[424]

(191]

'442J

[lOl]

100 200 300 TEMPERATURE.

500

Impact Energy of Copper

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION {weight%) REF

Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

la Annealed HOOT - 1 hr. - 0.036mm. G. S. - R = 35, phosphorized, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Cnarpy V, hammer velocity = 16 ft, /sec, paper container glued to sample used for -423°F, 507o fracture at -423°F - 207<i fracture at other temps.99. 97 0. 03P 1

54a Annealed 1292''F - 4 hrs. , chill - case ingot supplied - 1/2 inch thick. Izod, samples did not break - angle of bend

= 65°.

99.0 54

75 Annealed. Izod, samples partly broken. ?9. 98 75

79b Annealed - Vickers hardness - 48 (lOkgm. load) - after cold

rolling, phosphorized, plate supplied - 1 inch thick. Izod, sample cut parallel to rolling direction.

99.86 0.01 0. 02 0. 06P. 0. 02As.

0. 02Se + Te.

0. OlAg

79

79c Annealed - Vickers hardness = 49 (lOkgm. load) - after cold rolling, plate supplied - 1 inch thick. Izod, sample cut parallel to rolling direction.

99. 45 0. 01 0.07 0. i6As, 0. 07P,

0. OlAg

79

79d Annealed - Vickers hardness = 52 (10 kgm, load) - after cold

rolling, plate 3 jpplied - 1 inch thick. Samples cut parallel

to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 79c,

99. 44 0. 01 0. 08 0. 37As, 0. 09O.

0 . 0 1 Ag

79

15b Soft, bar supplied - 3/4 inch square. Standard Charpy keyhole except for length: 2.0 inches, hammer velocity = 14. 5 ft/sec, , sample contained in paper boat at -323 and -423°F testa - correction applied, 1 to 3 tests/temp.

156

160a Annealed 1292T - 1 hr, in nitrogen, electrolytic tough

pitch. Square sample - 0,315 (parallel to impact di- rection) X 0. 394 X 3. 94 inches, 45° sharp V -notch - 0, 1185

inch deep, distance between supports = 1.575 inches,

partial fracture - all temps.

180

190f Annealed 603''F - 1/2 hr, - after rolling at 1200°F,

phosphorized. Cha rpy keyhole, 2 tests/temp, except at 150 and 350°F,

190

282 Annealed 1472'F - 1/2 hr. Sample 0. 394 X 0. 394 X 3. 94

inches - V notch.

99. 75 282

295 Annealed - R^ = 43, phosphorized, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam, Charpy keyhole, samples at - I75°F frozen in ether

with liquid air and warmed to test temp. , 3 tests/temp. , samples unbroken.

99. 95 0. 03P 295

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

160

150

140

130

120

I 10

100

90

- 80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

A NNE/- LEO

[la] —O

[282]

0

(295] [79b] [79c]

[156]

[54 a] =^

e,—l—t^ >^

(leoaj [791] [1901.

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

38
Impact Energy of Copper

-460 -400

160

TEMPERATURE, 'F

-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight7<,) NO,

Ig Cold drawn 60% - 0. 287 to 2. 00mm. G. S. - Rq ^ 45 to 53, oxygen-free high -conductivity, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Charpy V-notch, paper container glued to sample for -423° F

tests, room temp.and -108°F tests: 30 or 907o fracture;- -323°F: 10 or 90 or 95% fracture; -423"F; 95 or 1007o fracture.

Bal Ippm 4ppm 1 6ppm Ag, 12ppm

S, 2ppm As, 5ppm Sb, *= 3ppmO

1

li Aged 450°C - 1 hr. - 0. 203mm. G. S. - Rg = 58 - after first heating to 950°C - water quenching -then cold drawing 85 - 90%. Room temp. : 88% fracture; -lOST: 90% fracture; -323"F: 85% fracture; -423°F: 97% fracture. Other

0. 18Zr

same as Ig.

1

79a Annealed - Vickera hardness = 50 (lOkgm. load) - after cold rolling, electrolytic tough pitch, plate supplied -

1 inch thick. Izod, samples cut parallel to rolling direction.

99,85 0. 01 0. 02 0. 08O, 0. OlAg 79

190b Annealed 600''F - 1/2 hr. - after rollmg at 1200°F.

electrolytic tough pilch. Charpy keyhole, 2 teats/temp - except at I 50 and 350° F.

190

190d Annealed bOO'F - 1/2 hr. - after rolling at 1200°F, oxygenfree high-condjctivity, Charpy keyhole, 2 tests/temp,

-

except at 150 and 350°F.

190

lib Annealed, oxygen-free high-conductivity. Sample cut longitudinally from bar, Charpy keyhole - paper boat container at -423°F, hammer velocity = 16 ft. /eec, , samples not broken - only deformed.

226

328 Annealed (9oft)-ASTM G. S.**= ^ - R = 86, oxygen-free highconductivity - bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Sample ASTM standard Charpy V-notch except for dimension

parallel to notch which was 0. 197 inch (1/2 standard

width), 3 tests/temp. , samples fractured 25% at all temps. , paper boat container used for -423''F, values to the nearest 0. 5 ft. -lb.

Copr er + J 99. 99 328

365 Annealed 1202°F - 1 hr. - Brinell hardness = 48, electrolytic tough pitch. Sample ASTM standard Charpy V

except for length: 2. 36 inches, 75 to 212''F - tested in water; 212 to 482°F - tested in oil bath, 8 to 12 tests/ temp, except at -54°F: 2 tests.

99. 95 0.03O, O.OlSb,

0. OlAs

365

150

140

130

120

I 10

100

90

^ 80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

flgJColdDfawn 6C1% r

- <

1 {lijAged

,

Q

^365jAnnealed

[226jAnnealed

-i326jAnnea/ed

a d]Annealed

0

d

A

[l90bj nneale

^'-^

d [79a]

A nneolt

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weighted) REF. NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

Ic Cold drawn 267(i - 0. 144mm. G. S. - Rq ^ 50, phosphorized. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Charpy v, hammer velocity

= 1 6 ft. /eec . , paper container glued to sample for -423 ° F, 40% fracture at -423''F - 10% fracture at other temps.

0. 03P 1

54b Chill cast, chill-cast ingot supplied - 1/2 inch thick. Izod, samples did not break; angle of bend - 70° at 60 and 212°F

and 65° at 392°F.

99. 0 54

128 Sample assumed -o be ASTM Charpy keyhole except for notch depth: 0. 118 inch.

128

134 Sample ASTM standard Charpy keyhole except for dimension from back to notch bottom of 0. 276 inch (ASTM = 0. 197

inch), paper container for -423°F tests, samples did not fracture completely.

99. 96 134

180b Cold worked, electrolytic tough pitch. Square sample - 0. 315 (parallel to impact direction) X 0. 394 X 3. 94, 45° sharp V-notch - 0. 1185 inch deep, distance between supports : 1. 575 inches, complete fracture -all temps.

180

188 Charpy V. 99. 50 0. 37Ab, 0. 07P,

0. 04Ni

188

190a As cast, electrolytic tough pitch. Charpy keyhole - notch

cut normal to columnar grains, 3 tests/temp.

190

190c As cast, oxygen-free high -c onducti vity . Charpy keyhole - notch cut normal to columnar grains, 3 tests/temp.

190

190e As cast, phosphorized. Charpy keyhole - notch cut normal

to columnar grains, 3 tests/temp.

190

258 Sample ASTM standard Charpy keyhole except for notch

depth: 0. 118 inch, 2 tests/temp.

99, 96

99. 3

258

281d Aged at 840°F - 1 hr. - after cold drawing 69%. Sample

standard Charpy keyhole except for dimension normal to notch: 3/4 standard.

0. 7Cr 281

281e Aged at 750°F - 1 hr. - after cold drawing 69%. Sample

standard Charpy keyhole except for dimension normal to notch: 3/4 standard.

99. 85 0. 152r 291

363 Cold drawn - Brinell hardness = 100 (500kgm, load), bar

supplied - 1/2 inch square. .Standard Izod sample except

for cross-section: 7/16 inch sqjare, striking velocity = 11 ft. /sec. , samples did not fracture.

363

457 Assumed type sample - Mesnager: U-notch - 0.079 inch deep X 0. 079 inch wide; c ross - section - 0. 394 X 0. 394

inch, author does not present point data.

99. 93 0. OiFe, 0. 01{Sn +

S:.) 457

TEMPERATURE, °F

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

160

150

140

130

120

I 10

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

1

[188]

^7]

'old D''Own 2.

[128]

[258] [134] [363]Cold 0rawn

0-

[54b] Cast n90o}Cosl

a

[l90^ Cast »^

1

c —

o

—

0

Cc [iSOb]

Id Worked ('281 d] Aged

^28le]Aged

1

^

[l90c] Cast —

o

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

500

39
Fatigue Behavior of Copper

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

10b Annealed I202°F - 1 hr. - 0.015 to 0.020mm. G.S. , room

temp. : U. T. S. = 39, 800 psi - Y. S. ^ 12, 800 psi (0. 2% offset)

-

Rp= 62, bar supplied - 0.5 inch diam. Bar sample - 0.3

inch reduced diam. - polished, rotating beam - 3500 r . p. m. , sample at 19, 000 pei - 7 X 10^ cycles did not break.

0. 74Cd, 0. OlMn,

0. OlSi

10

78a Annealed 1382°F -after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar

sample - reduced section - 2-1/4 inches long X 3/8 inch reduced diam., rotating beam - 2700 cp.m., R = -1, sample at 12, 300 psi - 10^ cycles did not break.

0 , 40 As , 0.0 6P 78

78 b Sample at 14, 100 psi - 10^ cycles did not break. Other

specifications same as 78a.

99. 51 0. 03 0. 38As, 0. 05O 78

78d Soft. Sample at 1 6, 800 psi - 10^ cycles did not break. Other specifications same as 78a.

0 . 45Si, 0. 0 5F e

,

0.05P, 0.02AS

78

78 f Phosphorized. Other specifications same as 78a. 99. 92 0. 03 0.05P. O.OIAs 78

11 3a Annealed IllZT - 1 hr. - in vacuum, room temp. : U. T. S. - 32, 500 psi. , bar supplied. Bar sample - 0. 325 inch diam. - cut longitudinally, axial stress - 8000c. p.m., R= -1, test results essentially same on rotating beam samples -0.3

inch diam.

99. 4 113

1 13b Plate sample -2.5 inches wide -0.25 inch thick - notched - 0. 2 inch deep notch - 0.004 inch notch radius (K-^ = 16.2) - 55° angle. Other specifications same as 113a,

99. 4 113

U5a Annealed. Bar sample -0.25 inch diam. , uniaxial stress - 2200 c. p. 8.. R= -1, tested in air. 125

125b Tested in damp nitrogen of 55% relative humidity. Other

specifications same as 125a.

125

12faa Annealed, room temp. : U, T. S. = 31, 400 psi. Sheet sample - uniform part = 2 -3/16 X 3/1 6 X 0. 020 inch, cut with roUmg

direction, reciprocating a rm - 750 r. p.m., R= 1, 5 sam

-

pies did not break at 9000 psi - 10^ cycles.

99. 95 126

229a Annealed 1290°F - 30 minutes - pickled - after annealing 1290°F then drawing 26.4%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 32, 400

psi. Bar sample -0.4 inch reduced diam. , rotating beam - 1500 r. p.m.

229

356a Annealed. Bar sample - 0.5 inch reduced diam. , 2200c. p.m. tested in air. 356

356b Tested in vacuum.- 0, 0005 to 0. 001mm. Hg. Other specifi- cations same as 356a.

356

356c Tested in dry purified air. sample at 10,500psi-3X lO' cycles did not break. Other specifications same as 356a. 356

356d Tested in damp purified air of 55% relative humidity, samples at 9900 psi - 5 X lo' cycles did not break. Other

specifications same as 356a.

356

60

50

30

20

ANN£a -EL?

ffoc m Tt m/.lerature

-

[tOb]

[78d]

[78f] {l25 t.7 V

(real

III I" 3at

I

[126oJ

[356c]

[356ojL_5aj '{3S6c^\

i] /A /

[l'l3b]Notched

. 1 1 ! 10 10 10 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF, NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

lOc Drawn 367o -0. 040mm. G. S. . room temp. : U. T. S. =4S,800

psi - Y. S. = 46, 500 psi (0. 2% offset) - Rg = 47. electrolytic tough pitch, bar supplied -0,5 inch diam. Bar sample -0.3

inch reduced diam. - polished, rotating beam - 3500 r.p.m.

99. 9S 0. 03O 10

56a Drawn 30% -0. 040mm. G. S. . room temp. : U. T. S, = 44,000

psi - Y.S. = 40,000 psi (0. 2% offset), electrolytic tough

pitch. Bar sample -0.3 inch reduced diam. - polished, rotating cantilever - approx, 8000 r.p.m.

99. 93 56

56b Drawn 30% - 0.0 40mm. G. S. Notched oar sample - 0. 30

inch diam. a» notch - 0.0015 inch notch radius (Kj = 10. 0) - 60°. rotating cantilever - approx. 8000 r.p.m.

99. 93 56

ll9a Drawn - room temp. : U. T. S = 36, 000 psi. Rotating beam - 2400 r.p.m.

99. 92 0. 05Fe. 0. 02Mn,

0. OIP

1 19

1 19b Drawn 16. 3%, room temp. : U. T. S = 37, 700 psi. Rotating beam - 2400 r. p. m.

99. 95 0. 04O 1 19

119c Drawn23.8%, room temp. : U. T . S. = 37, 600 psi. Rotating beam - 2400 r.p.m.

99. 94 0. 05O 119

119d Drawn 36%, room temp.: U. T. S. = 38,000 psi. Rotating beam - 2400 r.p.m.

99. 90 0. 09O 1 19

119e Drawn 26%, room temp. : U. T. S, = 40. 603 psi. Rotating beam - 2400 r.p.m.

99. 75 0. 240 119

126b Reduced 20. 7% (B. 8. S. hardness - I), room temp. ; U. T. S.

= 44, 400 psi - Rg = 33.2. Sheet sample - u.iiform part = 2-3/16 X 3/16 X 0. 020 inch, cut with rolling direction, reciprocating arm - 750 r.p.m.. R = -1.

99. 95 126

126c Reduced 50.0% (B. & S, hardness = 6), room temp. : U. T. S

= 52. 600 psi - Rg= 55.3 Other specifications same as 126b

99. 95 126

229b Drawn 567o, room temp. : U. T. S. = 56, 200 psi. Bar sample

0.4 inch reduced diam,, rotating beam - 1500 r.p.m. R = -1, data spread ± 1 5%>.

99. 9 229

2 30a Drawn, room temp.: U, T. S, = 48.700 psi - ultimate shear

strength = 33,300 psi - Brinell hardness - 96 (500 kgm.load)

bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section

= 1-1/2 inches long X 0.35 inch reduced diam. - polished, torsion fatigue, R = 0.

2 30

230b Torsion fatigue. R = 1. Other specifications same as 230a. 230

230c Bar sample - 0. 4 inch reduced diam. - polished, flexure

fatigue, R = -1. Other specifications same as 230a. 230

336b Cold drawn 36%. room temp. : U. T. S, = 50, 500 psi - Y.S. ^ 48, 600 psi (0. 2% offset) - Rp = 85, 5, electrolytic tough

pitch. Rotating beam.

99. 93 386

20

Room Temperature

^

[ipc] [386b]

[/26b]

Tl \ TT"

COLD WORKED

10° 10' 10° FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

40
Fatigue Behavior of Copper

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn A'- Ni Other

10a Drawn bl% - 0.040mm. G. S. , room temp, r U. T. S. = 76,700

pei - Y. S. = 73,800 psi (0.2% offset) - Rb = 73. bar eupplied0,5 inch diam. Bar sample - 0.3 inch reduced diam. , polished, rotating beam - 3500 r.p.m. , sample at 30,000 psi -

6 X 10^ cycles did not break.

98. 67 0. 52 0. 81Cd 10

11a Drawn 36% -0.040mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 48,800

psi - Y. S. = 46.500 psi (0.2% offset) - Rg = 47, electrolytic tough pitch. Bar sample - 0.3 inch reduced diam. , rotating beam - 3500 r.p.m.

99. 95 0. 03O 1

1

lib Drawn 29% -0. 12 5mm. C. S. . room temp. : U. T. S. - 51,000

psi - Y. S. = 49,000 psi (0.2% offset) - = 37, oxygen-free

high -conductivity. Bar sample -0.3 inch reduced diam. , rotating beam - 3500 r.p.m.

99. 95 0. 03O 11

5da Reduced 217o - 0. 030mm. C. S, , room temp. : U. T. S. ^ 41,000 psi - Rg = 34, electrolytic tough pitch. Strip sample - tapered part - 3-9/32 inches lo.ng X 3/16 inch wide - cut with rolling direction, rotating cantilever - 900 r. p. m. , sample at 11, 500 psi - lO^cycles did not break

9 -^. 9 J 58

58 b Reduced 37% - 0. 030mm. G. S. , room temp, : U. T. S. = 49, 300 psi - Rg - 48, electrolytic tough pitch. Sample at 13, 500 psi - 10^ cycles did not break. Other apecificatioiis same as 58a.

99. 93 58

58 c Reduced 60% - 0. 030mm. G. S. , roo.m temp. : U. T. S = 57,700 psi - Rg = 58, electrolytic tough pitch. Other

specifications same as 58a.

99. 9 3 58

58d Reduced 21% - 0. 040.-nm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 41. 400 psi - Rg = "iO, phosphorized. Bar sample - 0. 3 inch reduced diam. - polished, cantilever beam - approx. 8000 r. p. m. , samples at 12, 500 and 14, 000 psi - 10^ cycles

did not break.

99. 97 0, OIP 58

58 e Reduced 37% - 0.045mm. G. S. , roo.-n temp. : U. T. S. = 45,300 psi - = 50, phosphorized. Samples at 15,000 psi10^ cycles did not break. Other specifications same as 58a.

99. 97 0. OIP 58

58 f Reduced 607o - 0.040.-nm. G, S. . room temp. : U. T. S. = 51,600 psi - Rj, = p^iosphorized. Simples at 13,000 - 14, 500 - 17, OoB psi - 10^ cycles did lOt break. Other

specifications same as 58a.

99. 97 0. OIP 53

58 g Redaced £ 1% - 0. 030mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 42.800 psi - Rq = 37. phosphorized. Samples at 13,000 - 15. 000 - 17, 009 psi - 10® cycles did not break. Other

specifications same as 58a.

99. 96 0. 03P 58

5Bh Reduced 37% -0.025mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. =51,600

psi - Rg = 51, phosphorized. Other specifications same

as 58a.

99. 9b 0. 03P 58

58 i Reduced 60% -0.030mm. C. S. , room temp. : U. T. S, ^ 59,300

psi - Rg = 61, phosphorized. Other specifications same

as 58a.

99. 96 0. 03P 58

80

»

70

50

30

20

1 CO

1 LD WORKCD

Room Tempereifure

[ill] V /lOoJ

[II '>] \^ 1[58h —I—

1

/

'

fSBdj'r

[581}

'ej

8a]

[~WgJ r

-.--fSi '\58

•>fj d]

's'bcj

10^ lO'' 10^ FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND T-EST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%.) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn Ni Other

78c Cold rolled "o hard temper, plate supplied. Bar sample - redaced section - 2-1/4 inches long X 3/8 inch reduced

diam. , rotating beam - 2 700 c, p. m. , sample at 21,200

psi - 10® cycles did not break.

93- 60 0. 78 0. 45Si. 0. 05Fe.

0. 05P. 0. 02As

78

2Ua Cold drawn, room temp. : U. T. S. = 40, 400 psi, electrolytic tough pitch, bar supplied - I inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section - 2 inches long X 0. 469 inch reduced diam. , rotating cantilever - 1800 r.p.m,. R = -I, data spread

± 8%.

0. 02Fe 211

211b Cold rolled, room temp. : U. T. S, = 40, 430 psi, electrolytic tough pitch. Bar sample - reduced section - 4. 5 inches long X 0. 5 inch diam. , alternating torsion, 2140

c. p. m. , data spread ± 12%.

0. OlFe 21 1

211c Hot rolled, room temp.: U. T. S. = 31,400 psi. Data spread ± 10%. Other specifications same as 211b.0. OlFe 211

336e Extruded to 71% reduction of area, room temp. : U. T. S. = 31.300 psi, electrolytic tough pitch, bar supplied - 3/4

inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 5 inch reduced diam. , 2200

c. p. m. , tested in air, sample at 9, 900 psi -3X lo'cycles

did not break.

9?. 92 0. 040 356

356f Tested in vacuum - 0. 000 5 to 0. 00 1mm. Hg. Other

specifications same as 356e.

99. 92 0. 04O 356

356g Extr\ided to 78% reduction of area, room temp. : U. T. S. = 32,200 psi. oxygen-free high -conductivity, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample -0.5 inch reduced diam. . 2200 c. p.m.. tested in air.

99. 96 356

336h Tested in vacuum. 0. 000 5 to 0. 00 1 mm. Hg. " Other

specifications same as 356g.

99. 96 356

356i Extruded to 807o reduction of area, room temp. : U. T. S. = 32.900 psi, phosphorized, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - 0.5 inch reduced diam. . 2200 c.p.m.. tested

99. 96 0. 02P 356

356j Tested in vacuum - 0. 000 5 'o 0. 001mm. Hg. , sample at

10. 100 psi - 3 X lO' cycles did not break. Other

specifications same as 356i.

99. 96 0. OiP 356

436a Cold rolled, room temp. : U. T. S. = 52.000 psi, Y. S. ^ 21,500

pii. electrolytic tough pitch. Rotating cantilever.

0. OlFe 436

bJ

cr

I30

X lU -

Rot. m T oer iturt

[7BCJ^Cold

[211aJOmwn [436 ^ Cold Rol

1 led

f356g}Extrm 1. 6 ']Extruded

| 'A[356h]Exlrud •d [35

del1

>

[356 j]

Y356/JI

1 III

'xfruded

I Extrudei1 ~

[.?/ L]H

1—hf0/ Rolled

i

iziibj 1 Cold Rolled

1

1 \Q' 10° FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

41
Fatigue Behavior of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( «eight%) HEF

Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

216a Annealed 1112°F - "several hrs."- Ar atmos. Wire sample - 0.02 inch reduced diam. , uniaxial stress - one end fixed - other end driven by vibrating generator, fixed stress at 225c.p.s., R : -1.

21 6b Applied stress built up gradually to indicated stress. Other

specifications same as 216a.

0. 03O 216

216c Full stress applied immediately. Other specifications same

as 216a.

0. 03O 216

10* lO' 10^ 10^ 10^ FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

lOd Annealed HUT - 1-1/4 hrs. - 0.040mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. =31,100 psi - Y.S. = 4.800 psi (0.2% offset) - Rp - 43. bar supplied - 0. 5 inch diam. Bar sample - 0,3 inch reduced

diam. - polished, rotating beam - 3500 r.p.m. , samples at 6,500 and 7,500 psi - 10^ cycles did not break.

99.95 0. 03O 10

7Se Annealed 1 382 ° F - after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar

sample - 3/9 inch reduced diam. , rotating beam - 2700 r.p.m, R = -1, samples at 13,400 psi - lO^cycles did not break.

99.91 0. 03 0. 04O. 0. OlAs 78

146a Annealed 11U°F - 1 hr. - furnace cooled 3<?2 to 462^ - water quenched, room temp. ; U. T- S. = 31.200 psi - Brinell hardness = 47. Flexural cantilever, samples at 10.000 psi6 X I0''and 1.4 X lO^cycles did not break.

99.92 0.01 0. OlPb. 0. OlFe 146

146b Flexural beam. Other specifications same as 146a. 99.92 0.01 O.OlPb, O.OlFe 146

204a Annealed 250°F - 3 hrs. - after cold working, room temp. ; U. T. S. = 46.500 psi - Y. S. = 21,200 psi (0.01% offset), bar

supplied - 1 inch diam. Sample - conically tapered, rotating cantilever - 1450 r.p.m, . tested in air.

99. 996

204

204b Tested in 33% salt water, includes 2 tests in fresh water. Other specifications same as 204a.

99. 996 204

204c Annealed IZOOT - 1 hr. - after hot rolling, room temp. : U. T. S. = 31,200 psi - Y.S. = 4,500 psi (0. 01%i offset). Other

specifications same as 204a.

99. 996

204

20 4d Tested in 33% salt water, includes one test in fresh water. Other specifications same as 204a.

99. 996

204

261 Annealed 932 °F - 1 hr. - in vacuum - furnace cooled, room

temp. : U. T.S. = 31.000 psi - Y. S. = 2, 500 psi {0. 1% offset) - Vickers hardness = 45. Ba r sample -0.16 inch reduced diam, , single point rotating cantilever - 4500 r.p.m.

261

386a Annealed 600'C - 1/2 hr. , room temp. : U, T. S. = 33.400 psiY. S. = 6,850 psi (0. 2% offset) - Rp = 34.0. Rotating beam.99.93 386

436b Annealed, room temp. : U. T. S. - 32,100 psi - Y. S. - 3,700

psi. Rotating cantilever.

0. OlFe 436

456a Annealed 250*^ - 3 hrs. - furnace cooled, room temp. ; U.T.S. = 46,900 psi - Y.S. =20.000 psi. Notched sample - 0.5 inch diam. at c ircumferential notch - 0. 0055 inch notch

radius (K-j- = 6. 72) , rotating cantilever - 1450 r.p.m., R = -1.

0. OlFe 456

456b Annealed 750°F -2 hrs. - furnace cooled, room temp.:

U. T. S. = 30,300 psi - Y.S. = 4.700 psi. Other specifications Bame as 456a,

0. OlFe 456

70

60

50

m

CO 40

ui

<r

I30

X lU - ANN EAL

Roc m Tt oet afure

^] :\/'204 b1

14 ^)

[78, 1 -

< '04d, 4361 w

(l46o1 '^204 c

\ ]

/I ^456a]

1

Nc tcl

1

•led

1

1 [456b]1Notch

1

1 ad

1 1 10^ 10 lO" 10 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

42
Fatigue Behavior of Copper (Oxygen-Free High-Conductivity)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (*eighl%) REF

NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

192a Annealed. 192

289 Annealed \OZi°F - 1 hr. - after machining sample. ISOOCfvm, samples at 25,000 pis - 1.5X lO^cycles and 10,000 psi - 4 X

10 cycles did not break.

289

343a Annealed - then electropolished in phosphoric acid, bar supplied - 1/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section - 1-1/4

inches long X 7/32 inch diam, , axial tension applied to sample undergoing alternating torsion at ISOOcpm. , torsion amplitude = 1.5°, tension stress plotted.

343

343b Torsion amplitude = 2.0°. Other specifications same as 343a. 343

343c Torsion amplitude = 2.5'". Other specifications same as 343a. 343

343d Torsion amplitude = 3.0°. Other specifications same as 343a, 343

70

60

50

30

20

AhINEA L£0

{1924'

olK(-4. ->2'F.

[192 20o]

•KI-423 •F)

[28Ro

9]om Tt mp

[34Ro

^cj om Ti mp

[34Z /Ro ym Temp

[343 d] Room TernP- [343 a]

-—m.^\Room Temp.

10° 10' FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight7ol KEF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

29a Annealed 1112T - 1/2 hr. - N; atmos. , room temp. : U.T.S^

30.000 p»i - Y. S. = 2.700 psi (0.1% of(set). Bar sample - 0.564 inch reduced diam. , uniaxial stress -10c. p. m, R=-l,

strain rate ^5 inches/inch/minute.

29

29b Drawn, room temp. : U. T. S. = 33.400 psi - Y. S. = 30.900

psi (0.1% offset). Other specifications same as 29a. 29

20

10

261-278 0-67—

4

lo' 10* FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

10"

43
Creep Behavior of Copper

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( *eight7») REE.

NO, Cu Zn Sn /\l Ni Other NO.

Annealed - 0. 025mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T, S = 35, 100

psi - Y.S. = 7, ZOO psi (0 . 5% strain) . electrolytic tough

pitch. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam.

99. 96 60

60 c Annealed - 0. 025mm. G, S , room temp. : U. T . S, = 34,500

psi - Y. S. = 7. 900 psi (0. 5% strain), oxygen-free highco.^ductivity. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam.

99. 9S 0. 01 60

60g Annealed - 0. 045mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S = 35,000

psi - Y. S. = 6, 100 psi (0. 5% strain). Bar sample - 1/8

inch diam.

99. 60 0.01 0. 01 0. 32As, 0. 02P,

0. 02Fe

60

8060

40

20

1,0 0.8

0.6

_J LI 1 II

[et

1478

T

'f< 40C 'F)

''60c 47

11 feocj

'3 00 'F WFl K l~

nl

[60o]

'K(}aT

SO53 7

* 10°fV

~~[60aJ

>J K(50 1

TeiaTip reif

1 0>

fare

St T

r shi emp

'Wt

r.

7

10"° 10"' 10'" 10"' CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

44
Creep Behavior of Copper

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL, AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION {weight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

150 Annealed - 0, 025mm, G, S. , oxygen-free high -conductivity. Bar sample - 0. 50 5 inch diam. - 2 inches G. L. Second

stage c reep.

99. 99 150

^49a Annealed 1562'"F - 1 hr. - Ns atmos. - furnace cooled at rate of 2U''F/hr. - 0, 0007mm. C. S, , oxygen-free high

conductivity. Ba r sample -0.16 inch diam. , 1 inch G. L. Second stage creep.

99. 98 249

249b Annealed 1562°F - 1 hr. , Nz atmos. - furnace cooled at rate of 212''F/hr. - 0. 125mm. G, S, . oxygen-free highconductivity. Bar sample - 0, 16 inch diam, - 1 inch G, L, Second stage creep.99. 98 249

249c 0. 33mm, G. S. Bar sample - 0. 375 inch diam. -2,5 inches

G, L, Other specifications same as 249b.

99. 98 249

249d 0. 0007mm. G. S, Bar sample - 0, 505 inch diam, , 2, 5 inche; G. L. Other specifications same as 249a,

j

99. 98 .249

286a Annealed - room temp, t U. T. S. = 37, 000 psi - Y. S, = 6, 500 psi (0. 2% offset), oxygen-free high-conductivity. Wire sample - 0.081 inch diam., 230''F: second stage creej 20,000 psi; first stage - 25,000 psi. 300°F: first stage - 25, 500 psi.

99. 99^ 286

316aa Annealed - 0,025mm. G. S, - Rp = 34, oxygen-free highconductivity. Bar sample - 0, 125 inch diam. Second stage

c reep.

99. 99 0.01 316

316 Annealed - 0. 030mm. G. S. - Rp = 47. electrO|lytic tough

pitch, sheet supplied - 0. 1 inch thick. Second stage creep.

99. 97 0. 0 3O 316

10"° lO''' 10""' 10"' CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

45
Creep Behavior of Copper

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( ^eight%) REF, NO.

Sn At Ni NO

59a Drawn 84%, room temp. : U. T. S, = 55, 400 psi, electrolytic tough pitch. Bar sample - 1/4 inch diam.

99. 96 59

59b Drawn 347o. room temp. : U. T. S - 54, 500 psi. oxygen-free

high-conductivity. Bar sample - 1/4 inch diam.

99. 93 59

59c Drawn 84%, room temp. : U. T. S, -60.900 psi. Bar sample - 1/4 inch diam.

99. 60 0. 32As 59

60 J Drawn 84%, room temp. : U. T. S, = 55, 400 psi - Y. 5. = 50,000 psi (0. 57o strain), electrolytic tough pitch. Bar

sample - 1/8 inch diam. , third -itage creep at 14, 650 - 20, 000 - 25, 200 psi.

99. 96 60

60 d Drawn 84%, room temp. : U. T. S, = 54, 500 psi - Y. 5. = 49, 500 psi (0. 5% strain), oxygen-free high-cond activity. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam. , third stage creep at.9, 950 - 20.000 - 25, 100 psi.

99. 9S 0.01 60

60 e Drawn 1% - after an.nealing - 0.013mm. G. S, , room

temp. : U. T. S = 37, 000 psi - Y. S. = 15, 400 psi (0. b%

strain), phosphorized. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam.

99. 95 60

60 r Drawn 6% - after annealing - 0.013mm. G. S, , room

temp. : U. T. S- = 41 , 300 ?si - Y . S = 33, 000 psi (0. b%

strain), phosphorized Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam.

99. 9 5 60

60 n DraA-n 84%, room temp. : U. T . S. ^ 60, 900 psi - Y. S, - 55, 500 psi (0. 5% strain). Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam.

Q9. 60 0. 01 0. 01 0. 32As. 0. 02P,

0. 02Fe

60

10 10" 10' 10° lO"-* 10" CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

CURVE

NO MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight7o) REF. NO

Cu Zn Sn At Othe r

91a Hard Rate taken at 1000 hrs 99. 0 9 0. 91 91

92d Hard Rate taken at 1000 iirs 99. 2-i 0. 76Cr 92

286d Cold drawn 84,4% - after annealing, room temp. : U. T. S, = 65,200 psi-Y.S. ^ 65,000 psi (0. 2% offset), electrolytic tough pitch. Wire sample - 0.081 inch diam. Second stage

99- 96 0. 03O 286

316d Drawn J 7%, bar supplied - 0. 125 inch diam. S-co.id stage creep.

99. 5i 0. 46Te, O.OIP 316

376a Cold worked 10% - 0,035mm, G. S - Vickers hardjiess ^ 9Ll(20kgm. load), electrolytic tough pitch, strip supplied - 1-1/4 X 0. 1 inch cross section. SLrip sample - 1-/2 X 0, 1 inch c ros s section - 5 inch G. L. Second st.age

c reep.

99. 97 0. 03O 376

376b Cold worked 15% - 0. 030.-nm. G, S. - Vickers hardness = 105,0 (20 kgm. load), electrolytic tough pitch. Other

specifications same as 376a.

99. 97 0- 03O 376

376c Cold worked 507(i - Vickers hardness - 114. 5 [20 kgm. load? electrolytic tough pitch. Other spec ificatio.is same as 376a.

99. 97 0. 03O 376

3 7 6d Cold worked 10% - 0.030mm, G. S. - Vickers hardness = 96. 1 (29 kgm. load). Other specifications same as 376a. 99.89 0. 09Ag, 0. 02O 376

376f Cold worked 507o - Vickers hardness = 116.0 (20 kgm.

load). Other specifications same as 376a,

99. 89 0. 09Ag, 0. OZO 376

10° 10' 10 10

• CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

46
Creep Behavior of Copper

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

57b Drawn 84%; room temp. : U. T. S. = 57. 500 pai - Y, S. = 53,OOC pai (0. 2% offset), phoaphorized. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam . , average lest time ^ 550&'hr8. Second atag^ cretp.

99. 95 0. OIP 57

316tih Cold rolled 50% - Rg ^ 65, sheet supplied - 0, 1 inch thick. Second stage creep.

99. 89 0. 09Ag, 0. OZO 316

362d Drawn 21%, phosphorized, bar aapplied - 3 inch diam. Bar

sample - 1/8 inch diam. - 10 inch G. L. , 300"F - second

stage creep except for 29, 900 pai: third atage; 400°F - second stage except for 25.000 pai: third stage. 500'F

second stage except for 10,000 pai: third stage.

99.98 0. 02P 362

362e Drawn 37%, phoaphorized, bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam. - 10 inch G. L. 300" F - second sUge except for 30, 100 psi: third stage; 400°F - aecond atage except for 25. 150 psi: third stage; 500°F - second stage.

99. 93 0. 02P 362

362f Drawn 84%, phoaphorized, bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar

sample - 1/8 inch diam. - 10 inch G, L. . 300° F - aeco.id atage except for 39, 950 pai: third stage; 400"F - aecond

stage except for 5,050 - 9,050 - 15,000 psi; third atage; 500 'F - aecond atage except for 10,000 psi: third stage.

99. 98 0. 02P 3 62

1.0 0.8

0.6

0.4

0 2

0.1

I I6hl 79'

—I If 1 f r r_ 13

< Kt40l'FL^ [3l6hhl 446 •K(347'F) [57b] M36ee]

rfi

42?'Kf.100 Ft 2'Kt 3C F)

f36

I3l6hhj 1 1 _403'Kt266'F)^ [V 1 !f]

2'KI 300

1

^ Fl k^-

r

- j

L^362fJ ^7^V<

1

62d]

1'Kr4OO'i V

i62f]

O't (36k 400'ri5ai

47B'K( F)

[S7 47b]

'4C o' F) i Y36

53

'362 537

S'] 7'K

"]

•K(l

1 '500

OO'F

1 •Fl

1 i7b]

537'fffSOiO'l

Teno

npt ro

Te tare.SI Te

1

she mps

wr

m'" 10'° 10 lo"" 10"' CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

Creep Behavior of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REFNO. Cu Zn Sn Ai Ni Other

316gg Coid rolled 257o - 0.035mm, G. S. - Rg ^ 53, sheet supplied - 0. 1 inch thick. S«cond stage creep.

99, 89 0. 09Ag. 0. 02O 316

316ii Drawn 84%, bar supplied - 0. 125 inch diam. Secoiid staae 99. 95 0.01 0. 03Ag 316

316jj Cold rolled 50% - Rg = 64, electrolytic tough pitch, sheet supplied - 0, 1 inch thick. Second 3tage creep.

99. 97 0. 03O 316

llbl' Cold rolled 10% - 0.030mm. G. S. - = 51, sheet supplied - 0. 1 inch thick. Second stage creep.99. 90 0 03Ag. 0. 02O 316

316iin Cold rolled 10% - 0.035mm. G. S - Rg = 50, electrolytic tough pitch, sheet supplied - 0. 1 inch thick. Second stage creep.99. 97 0. 0 3O 316

316oo Cold rolled 25% - 0.030mm. G. S. - Rg = 50, electrolytic tough pitch, sheet supplied - 0. 1 inch thick. Second sta^e

c reep.

99. 97 0. O iO 316

376e Cold worked 257o - 0.035mm. G. S. - Vickers hardness = i05. 0 (20 kgm. load), strip supplied - 1-1/4X0.1 inch cross section. Sirip sample - 1/2 X 0. 1 inch croas section

5 inch G. L. Second ^tage creep.

99. 89 0. 09Ag, 0. 02O 376

100

1

80

60

40

20

1086

1,0 0 8

0.6 04

02

01

(10

1 II II 1 II

rni n u/noi^rn.

[3l6gg]\ [3l6oo]

[3/ 40i "!<(

7-

[3l6ii] 4-tB't'(f3 4 7 •Fl 40J'/<u'66 •!-1

6

'/ '•/<( 3t 0 •i -jL

[3ie 403

11] 66 /314CSnn]

13^K 266•F.

>^ V

f

[3 448 M-A

47•tV

-I3'6ggj~i Y

// ^316,,]-

4f9'KI40rF

'6^F, [31611] 1 1 f376e! —1

448'K(347'F1 \

\ 498'K(437'FI [376eA

•Fl

[376e]

<0.J'K (26t 7

/.

r\*f40-/ff J4

sii] 1 i

Fl

4 7 9'K(401 Fl

Te0

71pt re

1

rc

Te

1

fure.

St Ti

1

Sfif mps

10' 10° 10 10 10 CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

47
Creep Behavior of Copper (Oxygen-Free High-Conductivity)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( »eight7.) REF

Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

153 Drawn 40%, Bar sample - reduced section - i inches long X 0. 505 inch diam. Second stage creep.

99. 91

Cold rolled i5% -O.Oimm. C. S. - Rg - 56. Sheet supplied

-

0. 1 inch thick. Second stage creep.

99. 995

316

316dd Cold drawn 40% - 0. D25mm. G. S. - Rp ^ 86. Second stage creep.

99. 99 316

316ee Cold drawn 75% - approx. 0. limm.C.S. Second stage creep.

99. 97 316

10 10 ID" 10" lO" 10' CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( ^eight%) REF

NO, Cu Zn Sn Ai Ni Other NO.

88 Drawn 87o. Bar sample - 0, Z inch diam. . ^0 Lnch C. L. 88

286b Cold drawn R4A% - after annealing, room temp, : U. T. S. ^ 66, 300 psi - Y. S, - fab. 000 psi (0. 27o offset). Wire sample - 0.081 inch diam. , <LiO°F - second stage creep; 300°F

third stage.

99. 99 286

316ff Cold rolled 25% -0. 0 35mm. C. S. - Rg ^ 56, sheet supplied - 0. 1 inch thick. Second stage creep.99. 9Z 0. 0 7Ag 316

10"^ lO^ 10'^ icr* 10"^ CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

48
Stress-Rupture Behavior of Copper

CURVE

NO, MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) NO. Cu Zn Sn AC Ni Other

Annealed I562''F. Ns atmos. - 1 hr. - furnace cooled, bar aupplied - 0.25 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 159 inch diam. , load co.TStant.

99. 995

202

202b Water quenched. Other specifications same aa 202a. 99. 995

202

202c Annealed 1562*F in vacuum - 1 hr. - furnace cooled, bar

supplied - 0.25 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 159 inch diam , , load constant.

99. 99 202

202d Water quenched. Other specifications same as 202c. 99, 99 202

202e Annealed 1562''F, N; atmos. - 1 hr. , furnace cooled,

electrolytic tough pitch, bar supplied - 0,25 inch d'.am. Bar sample - 0. 159 inch diam. , load constant.

99, 9*1 0. 010 202

202f Water quenched. Other specifications same as 202a, 9?. 91:1 0. 04O 202

202g Annealed 1562°F in vacuum - 1 hr, - furnace cooled, bar

supplied - 0, 25 inch diam. Bar sample - 0, 159 inch diam. , load constant.

99. 999

202

202h Water quenched. Other specifications same as 202g. 99. 999

202

202m Same specifications as 202e. 99. 92 0.04O, 0.03Ag 202

202n Sample at 17, 500 psi -600 hrs. did not break. Other

specifications same as 202f.

99. 92 0. 04O, 0. 03Ag 101

20

1.0 08

06

0.2

10

I - III 1 NEALeo —

[itIZnJ \ (20. 't [!C [zo 1 |—

[202dj

\ i

\-x> Wozoh rfZOZt/i

[202bj]

Te mpera 'u1'e -

\ 1

•F

ai 1.0 10 100 LIFE TO RUPTURE, hours1000

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight^o) REF.

NO.

Cvi Zn Sn At Ni Other

202i Annealed 1562°F, N2 atmos. - 1 hr. - furnace cooled, oxygen-free high -conductivity, bar supplied - 0.25 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 159 inch diam. . load constant.

J9. 99 202

202j Water quenched, oxygen-free high -conductivity. Other

specifications same as 202i.

?9. 99 202

202k Same specifications as 202i, ^9. 94 0. 05Ag 202

202( Same specifications as 202j, 99. 94 0. 05Ag 20i

247d Annealed 932° F, electrolytic tough pitch. Wire sample - 0,116 inch diam.

2 47

247e Annealed 572°F, electrolytic tough pitch. Wire sample - 0. 110 inch diam.2 47

433a Annealed 932'F - 1 hr. and pickled - 0. 028mm. G. S. , Vickers hardness - 52. 7. 100' F: U. T. S. = 33. 200 psi - Y. S. - 10, 500 psi (0. 17e offset), electrolytic tough pitch, strip supplied. St rin sample - 0 , 064 inch thick - cut normal to rolling direction.99. 96 0. 020. 0, OlPb.

0. OlSn

433

441a Annealed 932°F - 1 hr. - room temp. : U. T, S, = 32, 800

psi. Tested in torsion, constant shear stress, no tensile

99. 9 441

a.

I- 2

10 08

06

04

0.2

0 1

M73'K(393'F).

Temperatures shown

are Test Temp's _1 LLU L 01 1,0 10 100 LIFE TO RUPTURE, hours

49
Stress-Rupture Behavior of Copper

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL. AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight7o) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

iiio Half hard - 0. 025mm. G. S- - Vickera hardness = 94. 8, lOO-F: U. T. S. = 41, 900 pst, Y. S. = 36. 200 psi (0. 1% o[fact), electrolytic tough pitch, strip jupplied. Strip sample

0.064 inch thick - cut normal to rolling direction.

99. 96 0. 02O. 0. OlPb.

0. OiSn

439

43dc Hard - 0. 0 I4miTi. G. S. , Vickere hardness = 111, 100° F:

U. T. S- = 52, 900 psi, Y. S. = 43, 900 pai (0. 1% offeet), electrolytic tough pitch, strip supplied Strip sample - 0. 064 inch thick - cut normal to rolling direction.

99. 96 0. 02O, 0. OlPb.

0 . 0 ) Sn

433

455a Annealed 1562°F - atmos. - 1 hr. - furnace cooled 194'F/hr. , bar supplied - 0. 2 5 inch diam. Bar sample -

0. 160 inch diam.

0. 05Ag 455

455b Water quenched. Other specifications same as 455a. 0. 05Ag 455

Temperatures shown

ore Test Temp's I J I III I L

01 \0 10 100 1000 lOOC LIFE TO RUPTURE, hours STRESS- RUPTURE BEHAVIOR OF COPPER

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( «eight7,) REF.

NO, Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other NO.

92b Hard. 92

247a Wire sample - O. 091 inch diam. Samples at 22,000 psi - 190 hra. and 21,000 psi - 680 hrs. did not break.

99. 8 0, 2Cd !47

247b Strip sample - 0.260 X 0.050 inch thici<. Sample at 20,000 psi - 500 hra. did not break.

99. 9 0, IMn 247

247c Cold drawn 60, 6% - alter first annealing 1832°F - then cold drawing 56. 1% - then aging 842°F - 3 hrs. Wire sample - 0. 064 inch diam. , samples at 47, 000 psi - 520 hrs. and

42,000 psi - 620 hrs. did not break.

99. 01 0, 9Cr, 0. 09Si 247

445 Sintered 1904°F - 20 hrs 445

10

0.8 06

0.4

0.2

Temperatures shown

are Test Temp's. _J L-LLI \

0.1 10 10 LIFE TO RUPTURE,1000 hours

50
Modulus of Elasticity of Copper

TEMPERATURE, "F

-400 - 300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 <400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF,

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

316( Annealed 1 1 50°F - l/^ hr. - 0.040mm. G. S. - after hot

rolling, electrolytic tough pitch. Sheet sample - \jl inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction.

99. 90 316

316k Annealed I150°F - l/^ hr. - 0.045mm. G. S - after hot

rolling, oxygen-free high conductivity. Slieet sample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction.

99.96 316

316p Annealed IISO'F - 1/2 hr. - 0.045mm. G. S, - after hot

rolling, phosphorized. Sheet sample - 1/8 inch thick X

1/2 inch wide, tested parallel to rolling direction.

99, 90 0. 02 - 0. 04P 316

316t Electrolytic tojgh pitch. Tested traisverse to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 31faf.99, 90 316

316v Oxygen-free high -conductivity. Tested transverse to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 316k.

99, 96 316

316v Phosphorized, Tested transverse to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 316p.

99, 90 0. 02 - 0. 04P 316

316 Annealed - 0,03mm. G. S. - Rp. = 47, electrolytic tough

pitch, sheet supplied - 0. 1 inch thick.

99. 97 0. 03O 316

316et Annealed - 0,015miTi. G. S. , phosphorized Bar sample - 0, 125 inch diam.99. 93 0. 02P 316

316uu Annealed - 0.032mm. G. S, , phosphorized. Bar sample - 0.12 5 inch diam.99. 93 0 , 02P 316

316vv Annealed - 0,070mm, G, S, , phosphorized. Bar sample - 0,12 5 inch diam.

99. 9S 0. 02P 316

35

30

25

<» 20

0

ANNl TALEi 1

[3l6fj ' [3n

[31 Suu]

[31

[3l6n ml

[316

'3l6'pJ {316 / 1 'J [3l6yj

16 i]

[3li•p]

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE. °K

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( *eight7.l REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NOla Annealed HOOT - 1 hr. - 0.036mm. G. S - Rp = 35, phosphorized, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 250 inch diam., determined using clamp-on, strain gage exteneometer - 1 inch G. L. . crosshead speed - 0.02 inch/ minute, data spread - ± STo.

99.97 0. 03P l

40o Annealed 347°F - 2 hrs. Bar sample - 2. 52 inches long X

0. 497 inch diam. , dynamic measurement - longitudinal waves - approx. 30Kc.p. 8.

40

40d Annealed 302°F - 2 hrs, , oxygen-free high -conductivity. Bar sample - 2. 72 inches long X 0. 497 inch diam. , dynamic measurement - longitudinal waves - approx. 28Kc.p. s.

40

87a Annealed (in measuring position ), single crystal. Reed sample - 0. 0394 inch thick X 0. 354 inch wide X I. 97 to

5, 91 inches long, grown by Bridgeman method, fle.xural vibrations - approx. 1000 c.p. s., orientation function - r = 0. 327, r = (cos oi cos 03)"+ (cos t>a cos +

(cos 33 cos o-i)^ - Ofi - aa - O3 are angles between sample

axis and the 3 cubic edges.

99. 999

87

87b r = 0,284, Other specifications same as 87a, 99. 999

87

87c r = 0.260. Other spccificatio.19 same as 87a, 99. 999 87

87d r = 0,044, Other specifications same as 87a, 99. 999

87

28561 Annealed 1202°F - 1/2 .hr. Bar sample, static modulus. 285

28562 Annealed 1202°F - 1/2 hr. Bar sample, dynamic modulus. 235

35

25

20

u —

ANNL-ALEL1

[e7o]

C -

, 0.

[40b] [ere]

[40<l] 0

(285b

[10]

{87<lJ

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE. °K

51
Modulus of Elasticity of Copper

TEMPERATURE, "F

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn AC Ni Other

316c Cold drawn - R^ = 56, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 99. 64 0. 35Te 316

316d Drawn 37%, bar supplied - 0. 1^5 inch diam. 99. 53 0. 46Te. 0. OIP 316

316i Cold rolled 5 to 7% - 0.042mm. G. S. - after hot rolling and annealing 1150'F - 1/2 hr. , electrolytic tough pitch. Sheet sample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested

parallel to rolling direction.

99. 90 316

316t Cold rolled 5 to 7% - 0. 040mm. G. S. - after hot rolling and annealing 1150°F - 1/2 hr. , oxygen -free high -conduc

-

tivity. Sheet sample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction.

99. 96 316

3I6r Cold rolled 5 to 7% - 0.047mm. G. S. - after hot rolling and annealing 1150°F - 1/2 hr. , phosphorized. Sheet sample - 1/8 inch thick X 1/2 inch wide, tested parallel

to rolling direction.

99. 90 0. 02 - 0. 04P 316

316u Electrolytic tough pitch. Tested transverse to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 316i.99. 90 316

316w Oxygen-free high -cond jctivjty. Tested transverse to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 316f.99. 96 316

316x Phosphorized. Tested transverse to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 316r.99. 90 0.02 - 0.04P 316

316bb Drawn 8% - after annealing, oxygen-free high-conductivity. Bar sample - 0. 193 inch diam.316

316CC Cold rolled .'-5% - 0.035mm. G. S. - Rg = 56, oxygen-free

high -conductivity , sheet supplied - 0. 1 inch thick.

99. 99 5 316

3163S Cold rolled 107o - 0.040mm. G. S, - Rb = 49, sheet supplied - 0. 1 inch thick.

99. 92 0. 07Ag 316

316 Drawn 21%, phosphorized. Bar sample 0. 125 inch diam. 99. 93 0. 02P 316

316xx Drawn 37%, phosphorized. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam. 99. 93 0. 02P 316

316vv Drawn 84%, phosphorized. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam. 99. 93 0. 02P 316

35

30

25

« 20

!0

0^^ 1 1 1 —' COLD m

1 ORKE0 —

h '316 1J \

J'3I6WI ]

\ / [3160

[31. 7CC,3I SssJ

1

f3 —f—

1

[3It

1 —

''3/6 wj J '3l6d/ [3161^ ''3I6M>J

[31 [3l6u/ [3U

200 300 TEMPERATURE,

500

TEMPERATURE, °F

-2(00 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 2i00 500

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( weight*) REF

NO. Cu 7 n Sn A( Ni Other NO,

Ic Cold drawn 267o - 0. 144mm. G. S. - Rg = 50, phosphorized, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - 0.250 inch diam. determined using clamp-on, stram gage extensometer - 1 inch G. L. , crosshead speed - 0.02 inch/minute, data spread - ± 5%.99. 97 0. 03P I

18 Cold drawn 60% - 0. 287 to 2. 00mm. 0. S, - Rg = 45 to 53, oxygen-free high -conductivity. Other specifications same

as Ic.

Bal 1 6ppm Ag, 12ppm

S, 2ppm As, 5ppm

Sb, < 3ppm O

I

88 Drav/n 8%, oxygen-free high -conductivity. Bar sample - 0. 2 inch diam. - 20 inch G. L.

88

217 Drawn - Rg = 57, oxygen-free high-conductivity. Bar

sample - 1/4 inch diam., values obtained from tensile stress vs. strain curves, strain rate ^0.0005 inch/inch/ minute to yield, 2 teets/temp.

217

234 Cold rolled 5 to 7%, phosphorized. Plate sample - 1/4 inch

thick, cut parallel to rolling direction. 2 to 3 tests/temp. 234

285al Hard drawn. Bar sample, static modulus. 285

ZSSas Hard drawn. Bar sample, dynamic modulus. 285

465c Hard (original condition). Wire sample - 0. 197 inch diam. , sample strained to hard condition - then tested after 256

hrs. , 1, 97 inch G. L.

465

465d Tested after 4 hrs. Other specifications same as 465c. 465

35

30

25

w 20

10

0° aILD H

T

' ^OffKt-0

[ig] [ic] [46S d] V-

(zesa '] ' \U465 c]

[aay

L '-]

100 2(X) 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE. »K

52
Modulus of Elasticity of Copper

TEMPERATURE, "F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF.

NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

li Aged 450-0 - 1 hr. - 0. 203mm. G. S. - Rg ^ 68 - afttrr first heating to 950°C - water quenching - then cold drawing 85-

907», bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced

section: 1. 5 inches long X 0. 250 inch diam. , c rosshead

speed - 0. 02 inch/minute, 1 inch G. L, , determined using clamp-on, strain gage extensometer.

Sal

E..ce t for ir. t[ e app

0. 182r, 16ppm

Ag, I2ppm S, 2ppm Ah, 5ppm

Sb, < 3ppm O

ite.

I

40a Bar sample - 2. 52 inches long X 0. 497 inch diam. , dynamic measurement - longitudinal waves - approx. 30Kc.p.a.40

40 c Oxygen-free high -condjctivity. Bar sample - 0.497 inch diam. X 2. 72 inch long, dynamic measurement - longitudinal waves - approx. 28Kc,p. s.

40

91b 99. 7 1 0, 29Cr 91

174 Hot drawn 1472°F. Bar sample - approx. 7 inches long X

0. 288 inch diam, transverse vibrations - nearest frequency = 765 c.p, e.

174

22 5 99. 8 225

266 Single crystal - [1 10] orientation (within 1°). Ultrasonic pulse - lOMc. p. a. Bar sample - I inch d:am. , 2 inches

long.

266

283 Bulk modulus - calculated from thermal expansion data of Eaaer H. , Euaterbrock H. , Arch Eisenhuttenwes. 14, 283

301 Oxygen-free high -conductivity, Plate sample - 4 inches

long X 0, 5 inch wide X approx. 0. 05 inch thick, trans- verse vibrations - resonant freqjency =;lKc.p.s. tested

in vacuum of les s than 0. 000 I mm. , absolute error ^ 1% - data reproducibility ^;0. 1%.

301

311 Cold drawn 3. 25% - after annealing 1202"F - 24 hrs. , single crystal. Resonant bar technique - 10 to 201^, p. s.311

40x10°

35

30

25

1 1 1

'old Or •Jwn 3

C

[Slfi]

1 [40c] '283]

[301] [iX]

1 Dram n

r[ZZ5] Ho

7^,

> , D (

[266]

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

Modulus of Rigidity of Copper

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 - 300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( «eight7.) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

le Annealed 1000°F - \/l hr. in vacuum - air cooled, phosphorized, bar supplied -3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - 0.1^5

inch diam. - 2.5 inches long, shear modulus determined

iBothermally by applying weights, maximum shear stress

oi about 350 psi, data spread - ± 2%.

99.97 0. 03P 1

11 Cold drawn 4.3%, phosphorized. Other specifications same

as le. 99.97 0. 03P 1

6^ Annealed, single crystal. Ultrasonic pulse apparatus - lOMc.p.s., variation of modulus ±0.2%, measured shear

constant C44.

99. 999

6

6b Irradiated - after annealing. Other specifications same as

6a.

99. 999

6

6c Drawn 5%. Other specifications same as 6a. 99. 999

6

6d Irradiated - after drawing 5%. Other specifications same

as 6a.

99. 999

6

327 Single crystal - [llO] orientation, oxygen- free high -conductivity. Fulee-like ultrasonic method - lOMc. p. s. . absolute error - ± 0.5%, measured shear constant C44.

99.98 327

355 Annealed, smgle c rystal - [00 1 ] orientation. Bar sample - 0.768 inch diam. , ultrasonic pulse-echo technique - lOMc.

p. s, , absolute error = ± 0,2 5%. measured the shear con

-

99,99 355

40 X 10

35

20

0^^ 1 1

,

1

(6a]A

(6b]lrmealerodlot fecjoriwn 5 % ^355] Annealed T-[61]

Irrao

0- 0 . -0 f

1 0

ioted ealed [327]

[I'nc old Or

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

53
Tensile and Yield Strength of 95Cu-5Zn (Gliding Metal)

TEMPERATURE, "F

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

12 Annealed 752*F - 1 hr. - 0. 037inm. G. S. Wire sample - 0.039 inch diam. . strain rate = 0.001 inches/inch/minute,

Y. S. - 0.01% offset.

96 4 12

91 Hard. 93. 15 6. 85 91

459 Wire sample, constant load applied while wire was heated

at 36°F per minute until sample broke.

94. 2 5. 8 459 70

60

« 50

IT« 40

30

20

0^-^ — SILE D

[91 IH

J

[It 9]

[12]

1Anneolcd

oc u—

—o

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE. °K

Tensile Elongation of 95Cu-5Zn (Gliding Metal)

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 90

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION |weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

91 Hard. 1. 97 inch G. L. 93. 15 6. 85 91 80

70

60

y 40

I-<Zo

20

[9l]Hard

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

500

54
Tensile Reduction of Area of 95Cu-5Zn (Gliding Metal)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn A( Ni Other

91 Hard. 93. a 6. 8 91

459 Wire sample, constant load applied while wire waB heated

at 36'F/minute until sample broke.

94. Z S. 8 4S9

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 -200 "100 0 100 200 300 400 500

90

70

60

30

20

[459]

0 t

Hard

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE. "K

Impact Energy of 95Cu-5Zn (Gliding Metal)

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460 -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 90

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weights.) REF. NO.

Cvi Zn Sn At Ni Other

308 Annealed, liod. 94. 8 3. 0 0. IFe 303

70

60

30

10

1

f308j^ Annet /ed

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

55
Fatigue Behavior of 95Cu-5Zn (Gliding Metal)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( *eight%| REF.

NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

272 Annealed 932° F -Aratmoe-1 hr. -0.023mm. G. S Bar

sample - electropolished, 3b00 r.p.m., R - -1. 93. 4 6. 6 272

90 xlO

80

60

50

IS)

if) UJ

(£W 40

30

20

/272 J 1°u0°

in

Kfto led 79-

)

10 10 10 10 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

Creep Behavior of 95Cu-5Zn (Gliding Metal)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( *eighf7.) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn A< Ni Other NO.

91 Hard. Rate taken at 1000 ^irs. 93. 2 6. 8 91

20

W 2

10 -[

[9 ]Ha

73'K

'd(3

d

>

10* 10 lo' icr 10 CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

56
Modulus of Elasticity of 95Cu-5Zn (Gliding Metal)

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weights.) NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

91 Hard. 93. 15 6. 85 91

173 Hot drawn. Bar sample - 0. 268 inch diam. , tranBverse

vibrations. 95 5 173

TEMPERATURE. 'F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

26x10°

22

20

10

° 1

1 1 1 1

1

[173///«/ Oromn

0 1

- — A

,/ JHafc

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

Modulus of Rigidity of 95Cu-5Zn (Gliding Metal)

TEMPERATURE, "F

-400 - 300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( w=ight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

266 Single crystal - ( 1 10] orientation (within 1°). Bar sample - 5/8 inch diam. X 5/8 inch long, ultrasonic pulse - lOMc.fis. measured shear constant C44.95. 8 4. Z 24

UJ

tr. CO 16

0° i_. L, J . 1 ,

[266] 3—0- 0 .

> «5 u <p

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE. "K500

57
Tensile and Yield Strength of 90Cu-10Zn (Commercial Bronze)

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REE\ NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

la Annealed 1067-F - 3 hrs. - 0. 051mm. C. S. - = sapphed - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section -

1 . 5 inches long X 0. 247 inch reduced diam. , c rosshead

speed = 9.02 inch/minute, Y, S. - 0. 2% offset.

90, 0 10. 0 1

lb Notched sample - 0,25 inch diam. at circumferential notch,

0. 005 ± 0, 0005 inch notch radius (Kj = 5, 0), Other specifications same as la.

93. 0 10. 0 1

7 7

20a Annealed - 0. 016mm, G. S, - after hot reducing 757o - then

cold rolling 40%, Bar sample - 1/4 inch diam, , strain

rate - 0,0028 inches/inch/minute.

89. 2 10. 8 20

iOb 0, 1 13mm, G, S. Other spec ifications same as 20a, 89. 2 10. 8 20

24 W rought. 93 10 24

91 Hard, 89. 6 10 0. 4 91

103a Annealed 1112°F in vacuum - air cooled - 0.03mm, G.S. Bar sample - 0,0788 mch diam,, strain rate ^0,0001

inches/inch/sec, , Y,S. - 0, 57o strain.

90 10 103

103b Annealed 1472'F in vacuum - air cooled - 0. 045mm. G.S, Bar sample - 0.0788 inch diam., strain rate ^0,0301

mches/inch/sec, . y,S. - 0. 5% strain.

90 10 103

263 Annealed, Bar sample - 0, 505 inch diam, , crosshead

speed »0,25 inch/minute.

89, 9 10. 0 263

459 Wire sample, constant load applied while wire was heated

at 36°F per minute until sample broke.

38, 6 11. 4 459

90 >

80

70

40

30

20

° 1 Q

1 1

[9i]h ird —— TENSILE - YIELD

[7j

[Ibh nneali d. Notched

Annealed

[459]

[263] Annealed r[24]

**<

!»^

flOBoj^Annei. led [20^

"""^ u

{20b] Annea 'ed

[loetJAnne oled

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

Tensile Elongation of 90Cu-10Zn (Commercial Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

la Annealed 1067 " F - 3 h ra. - 0. 0 51mm, G. S, - Rp = 49. bar

supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section - 1, 5 inches long X 0. 247 inch reduced diam. , crosshead

speed = 0. 02 inch/minute. I inch G. L. (4 X diam. ).

90. 0 10. 0 1

24 Wrought, 2 inch G. L. 90. 0 10. 0 24

91 Hard. 1. 97 inch G. L. 89. 6 10 0. 4 91

263 Annealed, Bar sample - 0. 505 inch dia.m. . crosshead

speed =0. 25 inch/minute, 2 inch G. L.

89. 9 10. 0 263

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 -200 "iOO 0 100 200 300 400 500

100

80

70

<

to 50 Zo

20

{la]Anneole 1

A

''63] A nnealed

[2'>]

[91] h ard

100 200 300 TEMPERATURE,

58
20

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, °K

Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of 90Cu-10Zn (Commercial Bronze)

261-278 0-67—

5

59
Impact Energy of 90Cu-10Zn (Commercial Bronze)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( *eight%) BEF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other NO.

13 Annealed 1067*F - 3 hrs. - 0.051mm. C. S. - Rp = 49, bar

Supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Charpy V-notch, 10% fracture - all temps. , paper container glued to sample for -423"F

tests, hammer velocity = 16 ft. /sec.

90. 0 10. 0 1

54a Annealed 1292*F - 4 hrs. , bar supplied - 1/2 inch square.

Izod, temperature accuracy = ± 2°F. Samples did not fracture completely: bent 70'.

90 10 54

54b Chill - cast. Other specifications same as 54a. 90 10 54

308a Annealed. Charpy keyhole. 90 10 308

308b Drawn 27%. Charpy keyhole. 90 10 303

457 Assumed type sample - Mesnager: U-notch - 0,079 mch

deep X 0. 079 inch wide; cross section - 0. 394 X 0. 394

inch, point data not presented by author.

90. 6 9. 3 457

TEMPERATURE, °F

-460-400 -300 -200 -I00 0 100 200 300 400 500

180 I

160

120

100

80

40

20

—T-0

nneo/ed

]Anne lied

^308

b

Jorai 77 27i

'Cost

[54c]Annealed

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE. 'K

Fatigue Behavior of 90Cu-10Zn (Commercial Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF

NO, Cu Zn Sn A( Ni Other

55a Drawn 84%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 72, 500 psi - Y. S. = 63,000

psi (0. 2% offset). Wire sample - 0 . 072 inch diam. , rotating arc . 3450 r. p.m.. R = -1. sample at 23,000 psi - 10' cycles did not break.

91. 20 8. 80 55

55b Drawn 60%. room temp. : U. T. S. = 61. 000 psi - Y.S. = 53.500

psi (0. 2% offset). Wire sample - 0.072 inch diam.. rotating arc - 3450 r.p.m,, R = -1.

91. 20 8. 80 55

58a Annealed - 0.030mm. G. S. , room temp, : U. T. S. = 39. 000

psi - Y.S. = 10.400 psi (0. 2% offset). Sheet sample - tapered 5-1/Z inches long X 3/8 inch wide, tested parallel to rolling direction, flexure cantilever - 900 c. p.m.

89. 7 10. 3 58

58b Rolled 217o - 0. 030mm. C. S. . room temp. : U. T. S. = 37,700

psi. Other specifications same as 58a.

89. 7 10. 3 58

58c Rolled 37% - 0.030mm. G. S. . room temp. : U. T. S. ^ 59.700

psi - Y.S. = 53,500 psi (0. 2% offset). Other specifications same as 58a.

89. 7 10. 3 58

58 d Rolled 60% -0.035mm. G. S. . room temp. : U. T. S. = 66.900

psi - Y.S. = 56.000 psi (0. 2% offset). Other specifications same as 58a.

89. 7 10. 3 58

58 e Rolled 687o -0.03 5mm. G. S. . room temp. ; U. T. S. = 73,300

psi - Y.S. = 65,000 psi (0. 2% offset). Other specifications same as 58a.

89. 7 10. 3 58

214a Annealed (full), room temp. : Y. S. = 18.000 psi. Rotating cantilever - 1450 r.p.m.. tested in air.

91 8 1 214

214b Tested in salt water. Other specifications same as 214a. 91 8 I 214

272 Annealed 932-F - Ar atmos. - 1 hr. - 0.022mm. G. S. Bar

sample - round - electropolished. 3600 r. p. m. . R= -1. 90 10 2 72

386a Annealed 600'C - 2 hrs. . room temp. : U. T.S. = 38.400 psi - Y, S. = 10,400 psi (0. 2% offset), Rp=52. 1. Bar sample - 0. 63 inch diam.

90. 0 10. 0 386

386b Cold drawn 15%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 46,800 psi - Y. S. = 43.600 psi (0. 2% offset). Rg = 49. 5. Bar sample - 0. 71 inch diam.

90. 0 10. 0 386

386c Cold drawn 36%. room temp. : U. T.S. = 56.000 psi - Y. S. = 52,000 psi (0. 2% offset). Rg = 57. 5. Bar sample - 0. 63 inch diam.

90. 0 10.

0

386

90x10'

10 10 10 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

60
Creep Behavior of 90Cu-10Zii (Commercial Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight*) REF, NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

91 Hard. Rate taken at 1000 Sra. 89. 6 10 0. 4 91

1.0

0.8 06

0.4

02

0.1

10 - —

[9

4 ] Hai 73 'Kd

(3 12 •I V

d

A

10 10 10 10 10 CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

Modulus of Elasticity of 90Cu-10Zn (Commercial Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

la Annealed 1067'F - 3 hra. - 0. 051mm. G. S. - Rp = 49, bar

supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - 0.250 inch diam. X

1.50 inches long reduced section, clamp-on strain gage extensometer - I inch G. L. , 0. 02 inch per minute crosshead speed, data spread = ± 5%.

90. 0 10. 0 1

91 Hard. 89. 6 10 0. 4 91

TEMPERATURE, "F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

22x10

20

1 1

[9i]hord

C

[lc]Anneole d

i 100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

61
Modulus of Rigidity of 90Cu-10Zn (Commercial Bronze)

TEMPERATURE, "F

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( «eight7.) REF. NO. Cu Zn A I Other NO.

Ic Annealed lOOO'F - 1/2 hr. - in vacuum - air cooled, bar

supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section:

2. 5 inches long X 1/8 inch diam. , shear modulus deter- mined isothermally by applying weights, maximum shear

stress of 350 psi, data spread = ± 2%.

JO, 0 in 0 1

Id Cold drawn 3. 6%. Other specifications same as Ic. 90. 0 10. 0 1

2 66 Single crystal - tllO] orientation (within 1*). Ultrasonic

pulse - 10 Mc.p.8. Bar sample - 5/8 inch diam. X 5/8

inch long, measured shear constant C44.

90. 5 9. 5 266

22x10°

20

18

12

10

1 L, L 1 1 1

1

f266j

< >

»-=! nneo/td

[ld]i'old Dfawn _

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

Tensile and Yield Strength of 85Cu-15Zn (Red Brass)

CURVE

NO, MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight7>l REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

la Cold drawn 14% - 0.025mm. C. S. - Rp = 64. bar supplied- 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section - 1. 5 inches

long X 0. 247 inch reduced diam. , crosshead speed = 0. 02 inch/minute, Y, S - 0. 2% offset.

34. 7 15, 3 1

lb Notched sample - 0. 25 inch diam. at circumferential notch

roots, 0. 005 ± 0. 0005 inch notch radius (Kt = 5.0). Other

specificiations sa-ne as la.

84. 7 15, 3 1

12 Annealed 752-F - 1 hr. - 0.027mm. G. S. Wire sample - 0.039 inch diam., strain rate = 0.001 inch/inch/minute.

V. S. - 0. 017» offset.

34. 2 1 5. 8 12

20a Annealed - 0.016mm. G. S. - after hot reducing 757. and

cold rolling 407<.. Bar sample - 1/4 inch diam. , strain

rate = 0.0028 inch/inch/minute.

84, 3 15. 7 20

20 b Annealed - 0. 113.-nm. G. S. Other specifications same as

20a.

84, 3 15. 7 20

72 Hot rolled - 0.030mm. G. S. , bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 85 0 14. 9 72

316a Annealed - 0. 060mm. G. S, Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam.

Y. S. - 0. 57« strain.

84. 8 15, 2 316

316b Drawn 377o, Bar sample - 0. 12 5 inch diam , , Y.S, -0,57o 84 8 15. 2 316

316c Drawn 847.. Bar sample -0.125 inch diam. , Y. S, - 0. 57o 84. 8 15. 2 316

TEMPERATURE, "F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

80

70

60

40

30

10

Ml

I ^

'old Or

otchec own /•

i

< 6c] Orown 6 r >b]Oniwn 37 X

< Nt

N

S

\

<.\•0

:old D 'Own lA *\

Hoi Rolied

A

'loJCoId Dra tin 14%

[ZOojAnnet

[If]'

tied inneol •d t

[ nneal id

[20bJ Annea led — T

—

—

—

'- TENSILE PROPORT

YIELD ONAL LIMIT [7i] Hot tolled

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

62
Tensile Elongation of 8SCu-15Zn (Red Brass)

TEMPERATURE. "F

-460 -'iOO -300 -200 "100 0 100 200 300 «X3 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIALi AND T'EST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weightlt) HEF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

la Cold drawn 14% - 0. 0 2 5mm. G. S. - Rp ^ 64. bar aupplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar aample - reduced section -1.5 inches

long X 0. 247 inch reduced diam. , crosshead speed = 0. 02 inch/minute, 1 inch G. L. (4 X diam.).

84. 7 15. 3 1

72 Hot rolled 0.030mm. G. S. , bar aupplied - 3/4 Inch diam. 85. 0 14. 9 11

80

70

60

r 50

o -^o 1-<o

zo

m 30

20

10

1 1 1

1 1 1 1

flojICold Drawn 4%

'7Z]h }f Rolltd

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

Tensile Reduction of Area of 85Cu-15Zn (Red Brass)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION («eighl%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

la Cold drawn 14% - 0. 025mm. C. S. - Rp = 64, bar supplied

3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section -1.5 inches

long X 0. 247 inch reduced diam. . crosshead speed = 0. 02

B4. 7 15. 3 1

72 Hot rolled - 0.030mm C. S. , bar aupplied - 3/4 inch diam. B5. 0 14. 9 72

TEMPERATURE. "F

-460-400 -300 -200 "100 0 100 200 300 400 500 90

80

70

60

« 50 <

li- 40 O

g 30

UJ

20

10

1

1 1 1

1 1 1 1

[I-] Cold Lfrown

[72]h tt Rol ed

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE. "K

500
Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of 85Cu-15Zn (Red Brass)

Impact Energy of 85Cu-15Zn (Red Brass)

CURVE

NO- MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

la Cold drawn 14% - 0.025mm. G. S. - Rp = 64, bar supplied

3/4 mch diam. Charpy V -notch, 957o fracture - all temps. , paper container glued to sample for -423°F, hammer

velocity = 16 ft. /sec.

94. 7 15. 3 1

5!a Annealed 1292°F - 4 hrs, , bar supplied - 1/2 inch square.

Izod. samples did not fracture completely: bent 70°, temperature accuracy = ± 2°F.

37 13 54

54:> Chill - cast. Other specifications same as 54a. B7 13 54

303 Drawn 27%. Charpy keyhole. B5 15 303

TEMPERATURE, "F -460-400 -300 -200 -I00 0 100 200 300 400 500

80

30

1 11 1

—f/oj ~old Drawn A %

8]0nwn 27',

[54b]CaSt

[5- a]Annealed

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

64
Fatigue Behavior of 85Cu-15Zn (Red Brass)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

58 a Annealed - 0. O20.Tim. G. S . room temp. ; U. T. S - 44, 000

psi, sheet supplied - 0.032 inch thick. Sheet sample - tapered - 5-1/2 inches long X 3/8 inch wide, flexure cantilever - 900 c.p.m. . data spread ± 5%.

S5. 0 1 5. 0 58

586 Annealed - 0. 075mm. C. S. , roo.m temp. : U. T. S = 39,000

psi. Other specifications same as 58a.

35. 0 15. 0 58

58c Annealed - 0. 02 5mm. G. S , room temp. : U. T. S. = 42,000

psi - Y. S. = 13, 500 psi (0. 5% strain). Other specifications same as 58a.

B5. 0 15. 0 58

58d Annealed - 0. 090mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 33, 500

psi - Y.S. = 8,800 psi (0. 5% strain). Other specifications same as 58a.

85.0 15. 0 58

58 e Rolled 60% - 0.02 5mm. C. S. , room temp. : U, T. S. = 79,000 psi. Other specifications same as 58a.85, 0 15. 0 58

58/ Rolled 60% - room temp. : U. T. S. = 80, 500 psi - Y.S. = 63,400 psi (0.5% strain). Tested 45° to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 58a.85. 0 1 5. 0 58

58g Rolled 60% - room temp. : U. T. S. = 88. 000 psi. Tested

90° to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 58a,

85. 0 15. 0 58

58h Rolled 60% - 0. 070mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 79.000 psi. Other specifications same as 58a.85. 0 15. 0 58

58 i Rolled 60% - room temp. : U. T. S. = 83, 000 psi. Tested

45° to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 58a.

85. 0 15. 0 58

58j Rolled 60% - room temp. ; U. T. S, = 91,000 psi. Tested

90° to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 58a.

85. 0 1 5 0 58

58k Rolled 21% - 0. 020mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S = 56,500 psi. Other specifications sa.me as 58a.8 5.0 15.0 58

58

Rolled 21% - room temp. : U. T. S. = 52, 000 pai - Y.S. = 48. 400 pai (0. 5% strain). Tested 45° to rolling direction. Other specifications same aa 58a.

85. 0 15. 0 58

58m Rolled 21% - room temp. : U. T. S. = 56,000 psi. Tested

90° to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 58a.

8 5. 0 15. 0 58

10* 10* lO'' 10® lO' FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

CURVE

NO, MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight7o) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn Ni Other

1Drawn 4% - 0. Oibrnm. G. S , room temp. : U. T. S. = 44, 700 pai - V. S. = 28, 200 psi, bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 30 inch diam. , rotating beam.

84. 5 15. 4 < 0. IFe. < 0. IPb 1

58n Rolled 2 1% - 0. 060mm. G. S , room temp. : U. T. S. = 50. 000 pai - Y. S, 45, 800 psi (0. 57o strain) . sheet supplied - 0.032 inch thick. Slieet sample - tapered - 5-1/2

inches long X 3/8 inch wide, flexure cantilever - 900 c.p.m

data spread ± 5%.

85. 0 15. 0 58

58 o Rolled 21% - room temp. : U. T. S, = 43, 500 psi - Y.S. = 44, 300 pai (0. 5% strain). Tested 45° to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 58n.

85. 0 15. 0 58

58p Rolled 21% - room temp. : U. T. S. = 50. 000 psi - Y.S. = 45, 600 pai (0. 5% strain). Tested 90° to rolling direction. Other specifications same aa 58n.

85. 0 15. 0 58

58 q Rolled 60% - room temp. : U. T. S.- 83.300psi - Y. S. = 74,000 psi (0. 2% offset), plate supplied - 0.032 inch thick. Sheet aample - tapered - 5-1/2 inches long X 3/8 inch wide,

tested in rolling direction, flexure cantilever - 900 c.p.m. , data spread ± 5%.

85. 3 13. 7 1.0 58

85a Rolled 377o - 0. 030mm. G. S , room temp. : U. T. S. = 69,000 pai - Y.S. = 59.700 psi (0. 5% strain), sheet supplied - 0.032 inch thick. Sheet sample - tapered - 5-1/2

inches long X 3/8 inch wide, tested in rolling direction, flexure cantilever - 900 c.p. m. . data apread ± 579.

85. 0 15. 0 85

85b Rolled 37% - room temp. : U. T. S. = 69, 500 pai - Y. S. = 58,600 psi (0.5% strain). Tested 45* to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 85a.85.0 15. 0 35

85c Rolled 37% - room temp. : U. T. S. = 75, 000 psi - Y.S. = 64,500 psi (0.57o strain). Tested 90° to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 85a,85. 0 15. 0 85

8 5d Rolled 377o - room temp. : U. T. S. = 64, 000 pai - Y.S. = 56, 500 pai (0. 57o atrain). Other specifications same as 85a.85. 0 15. 0 85

35e Rolled 377o - room temp. : U. T. S. = 63, 000 psi - Y. S = 55, 600 psi (0. 5% atrain). Tested 45" to rolling direction. Other specifications same aa 85a.85

8 5f Rolled M% - room temp. : U. T. S, = 66. 000 psi - Y.S ^ 57.800 psi (0. 5% strain). Tested 90° to rolling direction. Other specifications same aa 85a.85

2 14a Annealed (stress relieO. room temp. : Y. 5. = 34, 500 psi. Rotating cantilever - 1450 r.p.m. . tested in air. 214

^14b Annealed (full), room temp, : Y.S. = 11,000 psi. Rotating cantilever - 1450 r.p.m. , tested in salt water. 214

272 Annealed 932°F, Ar atmos. - 1 hr. - 0.020mm. G. S. Bar

sample - round - electropolished - 3600 r.p.m., R = -1. 85 15 272

70

60

50

30

20

10

m Te cepf mpt

as 5hoi^ urein)

L'8i iRollt d 37 %

[85b]Rolled

I[8So]Roll

37'

!d 37%

[It

o]An

lOro

tea

trn

ed

> *

[8 Rolled 37%

[85dJRolled J 7% ^\ 'T-l- \

It

'Z]Ar W'KInetilec

•9'l ^1

[ese]-

I eitojMnneaiea [SBp][s

Roll

tolled 21 %

i I \ [t tolled 21

10" 10' 10^ 10 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

65
Creep Behavior of 85Cu-15Zn (Red Brass)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION I «eight%l REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Otner NO.

60a Annealed - 0. 060mm. G. S. . room temp. ; U, T. S. =41.000

psi - Y.S. = 9,000 psi (0.5% Btrain). Bar sample - 1/8

inch diam. . 10 inch C. L.

84. 8 15.2 60

61a Annealed - 0. 060mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. =41.000 pai-Y.S. = 9.000 pii (0. 57. strain). Bar sample - 1/8

inch diam. . rates taken at 4500 hrs. . 10 inch G. L.

84. 8 15.2 61

316a Annealed - 0. 060mm. G. S. Bar sample - 0. 12 5 inch diam. second sta^e creep.84. 8 15. 2 316

20

1,0 0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

01

J-^NNEALEDI6aj K(3C10- F)

I fe/

•* o]

a?

/ 'K(3 J

[61a

1

J

4C 0' F)

i

0

478'K(400'FI

-0 w

/

a

OoJ

K(5C

Tenanpt re ro

Te

1

tures

St Te

1

sho mpswn

10 10 10 10 10 10 CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

66
Modulus of Elasticity of 85Cu-15Zn (Red Brass)

TEMPERATURE, 'F

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( *elght%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni O^her NO.

la Cold drawn 14% -0.025mm. G. S. - Rp = 64, bar eupplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced aection: 1.5 inches

long X 0.250 inch diam. . croeshead speed = 0.02 inch/ minute. 1 inch C. L. . determined ioothermaily using clampon, strain gage extensomnter.

84. 7 15. 3

I

173 Hot drawn. Bar sample - 0,288 inch diam. - approx. 7 inches long, transverse vibration.

J5 15 173

20

le

16

° 1

1 I 1

1 1

[l73JhoI LIrawn

0 <

MCold I rown 14%

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE. °K

500

Modulus of Rigidity of 85Cu-15Zn (Red Brass)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

Ic Annealed 1000°F - 1/2 hr. , bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam. . sample reduced length - 2.5 inches, determined isothermally by applying weights, maximum shear stress of 350 psi, data spread = ± 27o.

84. 7 1 5. 3 1

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

20

16

12

10

1 1 1 1 1

-o—

Anneoled —

0

0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

67
Tensile and Yield Strength of 80Cu-20Zn (Low Brass)

TEMPERATURE. °F

-400 - 300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 50O 90 «

I o^"h—h— 1 r'—r'—r'—r~'\—'—i

TENSIL£

YIELD

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

Tensile Elongation of 80Cu-20Zn (Low Brass)

CURVE

MATERLAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( jweight^o) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other NO.

263 Cold drawn 307<i. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam. . croas- head speed inch/minute. I inch G. L,30. 1 19. 9 263

TEMPERATURE. "F

-460-400 -300 - 200 -I00 0 100 200 300 400 500 90

80

60

<u 50

<S ^0

20

[263,Icoia trawn 30 X

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

68
Tensile Reduction of Area of 80Cu-20Zn (Low Brass)

69
Fatigue Behavior of 80Cu-20Zn (Low Brass)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Other

55a Drawn 84%, room temp. ; U. T. S. = 108, 000 p»i - Y. S. = 80, 500 pai (0. 2% offset). Wire sample - 0. 072 inch diam. , rotating arc - 3450 r, p.m., R=-l, samplefl at 26, 500 and 25, 000 pai - 10^ cycles did not break.

iO. 1 19. 9 55

55b Drawn 60%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 89,000 psi - Y. S. = 67, 500 psi (0. 2% offset). Wire sample - 0. 072 inch diam. , routing arc - 3450 r.p.m., R = -1, samples at 23,000 and 22, 500 psi - lo' cycles did not break.

iO. 1 19. 9 55

55c Drawn 84%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 125. 000 psi - Y. S. = 93, 000 psi (0. 2% offset). Wire sample - 0. 072 inch diam. , rotating arc - 3450 r.p.m.. R = -1. sample at 34,000 psi - 10^ cycles did not break.

79. 9 19. 3 0. 8 55

55d Drawn 60%, room temp.: U. T. S. = 104.000 psi - Y. S. =

rotating arc - 3450 r. p. m., R=-l. sample at 28, 000 psi - 10^ cycles did not break.

79. 9 19. 3 0. 8 55

214a Cold worked (in fabrication). Routing cantilever - 1450 r.p.m.

214b Annealed (stress relief). Routing cantilever - 1450 r.p.m. 214

43 1> Annealed, room temp. : U. T. S. = 44, 000 psi, Y. S, = 11,800 psi. Rotating cantilever.

(0. 8 19. 1 0. IFe 436

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

X lU - H Roc m Temp nture

I'55ajc rown 84 X

[55cJdi'awnS4X

tH''55 H

60 X

[55 bJOnlun 60

[2l4b]Annealt

1 I.I

[ZI4o]Cold Worked

[431'J An led

10 10 10° FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

Modulus of Rigidity of 80Cu-20Zn (Low Brass)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETEI^

COMPOSITION ( *eight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

266 Single crystal - [ 1 10] orientation (within 1*). Bar sample - 5/8 inch diam. X 5/8 inch long, ultrasonic pulse - lOMc. p s, measured shear constant C^,.

82. 3 17. 7 266

TEMPERATURE, "F

20

10

1 1

1 1 1 1

[266J

'—

<

1

0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

70
Tensile and Yield Strength of 71Cu-28Zn-lSn (Admiralty Brass)

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 <«» 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight7ol REF.

NO.

la Annealed 1067'F - 3 hro. - 0. 144mm. G. S. - Rf = 55. bar

supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section -

1. 5 inches long - 0. 247 inch reduced-diam. , croashead

speed = 0. 02 inch/minute, Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.

71. 4 27. 6 1. 0 1

lb Notched sample - 0.25 inch diam. at circumferential notch

roots - 0. 005 ± 0. 0005 inch notch radius (Kj = 5. 0). Other

specifications same as la.

71.4 27. 6 1.0 1

72 Cold drawn, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 71.0 28. 0 1.0 72

316a Annealed - 0. 018mm. C. S. , bar supplied - 0. 125 inch diam., Y.S. - 0. 5% strain.

71. 1 28. 0 0. 90 316

90x10"

80

70

60

50

in 40

30

20

10

Cold Orawn

Notcheedd

'

11aJ

0 Ji2]Col

c

[316 ajAnr

>

[laj -IAnne i/ed

TENSILE PROPORTIONA

YIELD 1

. LIMl r

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, °K

Tensile Elongation of 71Cu-28Zn-lSn (Admiralty Brass)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( ..eightlW REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At N. Other NO.

la Annealed 1067'F - 3 hrs. - 0. 144mm. G. S. - Rp- = 55. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section

1. 5 inches long X 0. 247 inch reduced diam. . crosshead

speed = 0. 02 inch/minute. 1 inch G. L. (4 X diam. ).

71. 4 27. 6 1. 0 I

72 Cold drawn, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 2 inch G. L. 71.0 28 . 0 1-0 72

TEMPERATURE, °F

-460-400 -300 -200 "100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100

90

80

70

60

< 50

30

20

[lo]Annealt d

[72] Cold Drawn

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

500

71
Tensile Reduction of Area of 71Cu-28Zn-lSn (Admiralty Brass)

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 -200 -I00 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( weight?.) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

U Annealed 1067*F - 3 hrs. - 0. 144mm. C. S. - Rj. = 55. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section

1. 5 inches long X 0.247 inch reduced diam. . crosshead

speed = 0.02 inch/minute.

71.4 27.6 1.0 1

72 Cold drawn, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 71.0 28. 0 1.0 72 70

4. 60

40

30

20

10

//Jj. )n/teo, ad

^Jco/l ' Dra»

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, 'K

500

Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of 71Cu-28Zn-lSn (Admiralty Brass)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( *eight7.| REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

la Annealed I067T - 3 hrs. - 0. 144mm. G. S. - Rp = 55. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced

section -1.5 inches long X 0.247 mch reduced diam. , crosshead speed = 0.02 inch/minute, clamp-on strain gage extensometer - 1 inch G. L.

71.4 27. 6 1.0 1 80

70

50

40

20

0 —

fu

I t] ANNEALE0

452''F > ,1

76

1 108'F)

\

295°K(70'F)

1

0.2 04 0.6 08

STRAIN, inches per inch

72
Impact Energy of 71Cu-28Zn-lSn (Admiralty Brass)

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

120 I

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION 1 *eight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

la Annealed 1067'F - 3 hrs. - 0. 144mm. G. S. - Rp = 55. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Charpy V-notch, 10% fracture - all temps. , paper container glued to sample (or -423T tests, hammer velocity = 16 ft. /sec.

71. 4 27. 6 1.0 1

Annealed, Rp = 64, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Charpy

keyhole, partial fracture - aU temps. , -175°F - ether and

liquid air - other test temperatures by warming from

-175'F. 3 tests/temp.

70. 6 28. 4 1. 0 295

308a Annealed. Charpy keyhole. 71.0 28. 0 1. 0 308

308b Drawn 27%. Charpy keyhole. 71.0 28. 0 1. 0 308

100

90

80

60

50

40

30

1 1"

Annea ted

— -

—

\

A

[3080jAnm —

afed

> 95j Ann6aleti

[301 b]Dt %

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

Creep Behavior of 71Cu-28Zn-lSn (Admiralty Brass)

CURVE

NO, MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF.

NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

60a Annealed - 0. 055mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 52.000 psi-Y.S. = 15. 500 psi (0. 5% strain). Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam. , 10 inch G. L,

71. 1 28. 0 D.9 60

60b Annealed - 0. 018mm. G. S. . room temp. : U. T. S. = 57,000

psi - Y. S. = 26. 000 psi (0. 5% strain). Bar sample - 1/8

inch diam. , 10 inch G. L.

71. 1 28. 0 D. 9 60

60c Drawn 60%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 109. 000 psi - Y. S. = 71,000 pci (0. 5% strain). Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam. , 10 inch G. L.71. 1 28, 0 0. 9 60

6U Annealed - 0. 055mm. G. S. , room Temp. : U. T. S. = 52. 000 psi - Y. S. = 15. 500 psi (0. 5% strain). Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam. , 10 inch C. L.71. 1 28. 0 0. 9 61

61b Drawn 60%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 109. 000 psi-Y.S. = 71.000 psi (0. 5% strain). Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam.

71. 1 28.0 0.9 61

71 Cold drawn, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 71.0 28. 0 1, 0 71

100 X

10'

10 10 10 :o 10 10 CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour
Modulus of Elasticity of 71Cu-28Zn-lSn (Admiralty Brass)

TEMPERATURE, "F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

22 X 10

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( «eight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

U Annealed 1067-F - 3 hrs. 0. 144mm. C. S. - Rp = 55. bar

supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section:

0. 25 inch diam. X 1. 5 inches long, clamp-on strain gage extensometer - 1 inch G. L. . data spread = ± 5%.

71. 4 27. 6 1.0 1

316a Annealed - 0. 018mm. G. S. . bar supplied - 0. 125 inch diam. 71. 1 28. 0 0. 90 316

20

1 1 1 1 1 1

[31 nso/ec

[la], nnsoled

—

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

Modulus of Rigidity of 71Cu-28Zn-lSn (Admiralty Brass)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION { *eight7.) REF.

NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

Ic Annealed 1000°F - 1/2 hr. . bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section: 2. 5 inches long X 0. 125 inch diam. , shear modulus determined isothermally by applying

weights, maximum shear stress of 350 psi, data spread = ± Z%.

71. 4 27. 6 1.0 1

TEMPERATURE, "F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

22 X 10

20

10

0^^ 1 1 1

[icjA nneak d

" 0

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K
Tensile and Yield Strength of 70Cu-30Zn (Cartridge Brass)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

20a Annealed • 0.016inm. G. S. - after hot reducing 75% and cold

rolling 40%. Bar aample - 1/4 inch diam. , strain rate = 0 0028 inch/inch/minute

69. 5 30. 5 20

20b Annealed -0.1 13mm. G. S. Other apecifications same as 20a. 69. 5 30. 5 20

72 28

72 69. 5 30. 4 72

...

sample - 0.2S inch diam.

69. 5 30. 5

loea Annealed 1 112*F in vacuum - air cooled - 0. 03mm. G. S.

inch/sec, Y. S. - 0 . 5% strain.

70 30 108

108b Annealed 1472*F in vacuum - air cooled - 0,045mm. G. S. Bar sample - 0.0788 inch diam,, strain rate t^O.OOOl inch/ Inch/sec, Y, S. - 0 . 5% strain.70 30

120 Bar sample - 0. 25 inch diam. 69. 4 30. 5 0. IFe 120

171 Greater than 0, 024mm . G. S. 71. 5 28. 5

282 Annealed 1292*F - 1/2 hr. , bar supplied - 5/8 inch diam. 71. 6 28. 4 282

316a Annealed - 0.022mm. G. S. Bar aample - 0. 125 inch diam.,

Y.S, - 0, 51t strain.

70. 5 29. 5 316

316e Annealed - 0. 016mm. G. S. Bar sample - 0, 12S inch diam. , Y,S. - 0. 5% strain.69. 4 30. 6 316

316f Annealed - 0.085mm. G. S. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam. , Y.S. - 0.5% strain.

69. 4 30. 6 316

tst Wire sample, constant load applied while wire was heated

at 36*F/minute until sample brolte.

70. 8 29. 2 459

TEMPERATURE, °F

-4CO -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 -WO 500 90 X lO*-^- ^ ^ 1

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

TEMPERATURE. "F

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%| REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

263a Cold roUed 20%. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam . , cross- head speed =0.25 inch/minute.

68. 0 32. 0 263

263b Cold rolled 50%. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam. , cross- head speed =0.25 inch/minute.

67. 6 32. 3 0. IPb 263

328 3/4 hard - ASTM G. S. « = 8.5 - Rg = 88, bar supplied - 3/4

inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section - 1.25 inches long X 0. 177 inch reduced diam. , crosshead speed = 0.02 inch/ minute except 'or 1 test at room temp. : 0.05 inch/minute,

Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.

70. 3 29. 6 328

130

120

1 10

« 100

W 90

80

70

60

50

o'^ 1 1 I

/>. <3b]c old Rolied 50%

/ t HARD t oJCol1 Roll •d 20 %

'^^^

— TENSILE — YIELD

1 i 0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, °K

261-278 0-67—

75
Tensile Elongation of 70Cu-30Zn (Cartridge Brass)

Tensile Reduction of Area of 70Cu-30Zn (Cartridge Brass)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weights) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

75 Ajuiealed - after hot rolling, bar supplied - 1 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 25 inch diam.S9. 5 30. 5 75

263a Cold rolled 20%. Bar sample - 0. 605 inch diam. . cross- head speed = 0.25 inch/minute.

e.8.0 >2. 0 263

263b Cold rolled 507o. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam. , cross- head speed = 0.25 inch/minute.67. 6 32. 3 0. IPb 263

282 Annealed 1292'F - 1/2 hr. . bar supplied - 5/8 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 394 inch diam.71. 6 28. 4 282

328 3/4 hard - ASTM G. S. * = 8.5 - Rg = 88. bar supplied - 3/4

inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section - 1-1/4 inch long X 0. 177 inch reduced diam. , croeshead speed = 0.02 inch/ minute except for 1 test at room temp. : 0.05 inch/minute.

70. 3 !9. 6 328

459 Wire sample, constant load applied while wire was heated

at 36"F/minutc until sample broke.

70. 8 !9. 2 459

TEMPERATURE, °F

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 90

70

r 60

40

30

f282jAnnec led

0 Vr75]A nneaU d kD-

(328] \ Ha V /263aj Cold htolled 20%

bJCo/t1 Rollsd 50°/

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

76
Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of 70Cu-30Zn (Cartridge Brass)

40

20

ao8 0,16 0.24 0.32 STRAIN, inches per inch

0.40

Impact Energy of 70Cu-30Zn (Cartridge Brass)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

16 Sand cast - 2 to 4inm G. S. Sample - 5/16 inch diam. - notched - simple beam, no fracture - all tempfl.

72. 0 !8.0 16

54a Annealed 1292°F - 4 hre. . bar supplied - 1/2 inch nquare.

Izod, samples did not Iracture completely; bent 65*, temperature accuracy = ± 2'F,

70 JO 54

54b Chill - cast. Other specifications same as 54a. 70 JO 54

75 Annealed - after rolling, bar supplied - 1 inch diam. Izod, e.9.

5

30. 5 75

262 Annealeo 1292-F - 1/2 hr. V-notch sample - 0. 394 X 0. 394 X 3. 94 inches.

71. 6 £8. 4 282

308a Annealed. Charpy keyhole. 70 JO 308

308b Drawn 27%. Charpy keyhole. 70 JO 308

328 3/4 hard-ASTM G. S.# = 8.5 - Rg = 88, bar supplied - 3/4

inch diam, Charpy V notch, samples completely fractured.

70. 3 !9. 6 328

365a Annealed 1202'F - Brinell hardness = 62. Sample ASTM

standard Chirpy V except for length: 2. 36 inches, tested

longitudinally, 75to212T - tested in water: 2 12 to 482 'F - tested in oil bath.

70. 0 JO. 0 365

365b Cold rolled. Tested longitudinally. Other specifications same as 365a.

70. 0 JO. 0 365

365c Cold rolled. Tested transversely. Other specifications same as 365a. 70.0 JO. 0 365

365d Cold rolled - Brinell hardness = 170. Tested transversely. Other specifications same as 365a.

70. 1 !9. 9 365

365e Annealed. Other specifications same as 365a. 70. 1 !9.8 365

365f Annealed. Other specifications same as 365a. t.9. 4 JO. 4 0. IFe, 0. IPb 365

365g Annealed. Other specifications same as 365a. 69. 2 JO. 3 0. 5Pb 365

457 Assumed type sample - Mesnager: U-notch - 0.079 inch deep X 0.079 inch wide; cross section - 0. 394 X 0. 394

inch, point data not presented by author.

70. 3 ;8.

3

457

TEMPERATURE, 'F

-460-400 -300 -200 "100 0 100 200 300 400 500

180 I H h h 1-

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

500

77
Fatigue Behavior of 70Cu-30Zn (Cartridge Brass)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAI. AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

sem Annealed -0. 030mm. G. S. , room temp. ; U. T. S. = 49.500

pBi. . sheet supplied -0.032 inch thick. Sheet sample

tapered - 5-1/2 inches long X 3/8 inch wide, tested in rolling direction, flexure cantilever - 900 c . p. m.

69. 9 30. 1 58

53n Annealed - 0. 10mm. G. S. . room temp. : U. T. S. = 45.000

psi. Other specifications same as 58m.

69. 9 30. 1 58

58o Annealed - 0.025mm. G. S. . room temp. : U. T. S. = 49.000

psi. Other specifications same as 58m.

69. 9 30. 1 58

58p Annealed - O.UOmm. G. S. . room temp. : U. T. S. = 45. 000

psi. Other specifications same as 58m.

69. 9 30. 1 58

1252 Annealed. Bar sample - 0.25 inch diam. . uniaxial stress - 2200c. p.m.. R= -1. tested in dry nitrogen.

69. 9 30. 1 125

125b Tested in damp nitrogen - 55% relative humidity, sample

at 17.700 psi - 5 X lO^cycles did not break. Other

specifications same as 125a.

69. 9 30. 1 125

126a Annealed 1112*F. room temp. : U. T. S. = 46.300 psi, sheet supplied - 0.020 inch thick. Sheet sample - tapered - 5-1/2

inches long X 3/8 inch wide, tested in rolling direction, flexure cantilever - 750 c. p. m.

71.7 28. 3 126

126d Annealed 1112' F. room temp. : U. T. S. = 49.400 psi. Other

specifications same as 126a.

71. 7 28. 3 126

291d Annealed 750'F - 4 hrs. - 0.012mm. G.S. . room temp. : U. T. S. = 60.000 psi. Bar sample - 1-3/4 inch long X0.15

inch reduced diam. - electropolished. rotating cantilever - 8000 to 1000 r. p. m. . R = -1. sample at 22.000 psi - 1. 1 X

10' -ycles did not break.

69. 5 30. 4 291

291e Annealed 960" F 4 hrs. - 0.026mm. G.S. - room temp. : U, T. S.

= 51,500 psi - sample at 17,000 psi - 1.1 X 10' cycles did not break. Other specifications same as 291d.

69. 5 30. 4 291

291f Annealed 1050"F - 4 hrs. - 0.051mm. G. S. Sample at 14,000 psi-9 X lO'cycles did not break. Other specifications same as 291d.

69. 5 30. 4 291

291g Annealed 1200*F -4 hrs. - 0.131mm. G.S. Other specifi- cations same as 291d.

69. 5 30. 4 291

314a Annealed 1112'F - Rg = 16, room temp. ; U. T. S. = 46,300

psi. Sheet sample - 3-9/32 inches long - width reduced from

15/32 to 3/16 inch -uniform cross section part:2-3/16

inches long X 0.020 inch thick, cut parallel to rolling direction, rotating cantilever machine - 1500 r.p.m.. R=-l,

314

436 Annealed, room temp. : V. T.S. = 45,000 psi - Y. S. = 9.800 psi. Rotating cantilever, sample at 15,000 psi - 10' cycles did

not break.

70. 0 29. 9 0. IFe 436

80

70

60

« 50

Q.

in

if)

LlI a.

IS) 40

30

20

ANI lEAL SD

Rod m Te typt roture

9]

''l26d) (2911 1/

fl26

1

'[l3t1

[12 5aJ

^^ - /

f'

- [l25b]

58r as Vfl

[5i i]/ [St1ml•^[5t nj-

[5Bp]

1 iO 10 10 lO" FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( weight%l REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other NO.

104a Heated 400T - 1 hr. - Vickere hardness = 191 (Mtgmr-te«d) —

after receiving in spring temper, room temp. : U. T- S, = 95.000 psi - Y. S. = 88.000 psi (0. 2% offset). Sheet sample - 0.040 mch thick, flexure test - 1800 c. p. m. . R = -1. sample at 27,000 psi - lo'cycles did not break.

70. 4 29t^ 0. IFe 104

104b Notched sample - = 3.2. 1725c. p.m.. sample at 46.000 psi- 1.2X lo'cycles did not break. Other specifications same as 104a.

70. 4 29. 3 0. IFe 104

272 Annealed 932°F - Ar atmos. - 1 hr, - 0. 030mm. G. S. Bar

sample - round - electropolished. 3600 r. p.m., R= -1. 70 30 272

356a Annealed. Bar sample -0.25 inch reduced diam., 2200c,p.m. tested in vacuum of 0.0005 to 0.001mm. Hg. Samples at 20.600 psi - 3.2 X 10' cycles and 20.200 psi - 3.5 X 10 ' cycles

did not break . tensile fatigue.

356

356b Tested in dry purified air. samples at 17.500 and 17.000 psi3.3 X lo'cycles and 1 7. 700 psi - 4.2 X lo'cycles did not break. Other specifications same as 356a.

356

356c Tested in air. samples at 16. 800 psi - 3. 2 X lo' and 3. 8 X

10' cycles and 16. 300 psi - 3 X lO' cycles did not break. Other specifications same as 356a.

356

356d Tested in damp purified air about 55% relative humidity - Sample at 16.600 psi - 3 X 10 ' cycles did not break. Other

specifications same as 356a.

356

386 Annealed 550"C -2 hrs. - after cold drawing 30%. room

temp. : U. T. S. = 46. 500 psi - Y. S. = 13.800 psi |0. 2% offset)- Rp = 61. Bar sample - 0.665 inch diam.

69. 9 30. 1 386

180x1

160

140

1100

80

60

40

20

[386] Anneoltd

floom Tmp. [356b]Aitnecltd [ssedjanmoltd [356c]Aimaaltd Room Ttmp, Room Tomp. Room Tomp

Temperatures shown

j ore Test Temps I I Lu L I I I 10° 10° 10' FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

78
Fatigue Behavior of 70Cu-30Zn (Cartridge Brass)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (welght%| REF.

NO. Cu

SSa Rolled 21% - 0. 02 5mm, G. S. , room temp.: U.T.S. = 63, 400 pai - Y. S. = 52 . 000 poi (0. 5% atrain), aheet aupplied - 0.032 inch thiclc. Sheet sample - tapered - 5-1/2

inchea lon^ X 3/8 inch wide, tested in rolling direction, Qexure cantilever - 900 c.p. m.

69. 9 30. 1 58

5Sb Rolled 37% - 0. 035mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 76,500 pal. Other apecificationa aame aa 58a.

69. 9 30. 1 58

sac Rolled 60% - 0. 025mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 92, 500 pai. Other apecificationa same aa 58a.

69. 9 30. 1 58

58d Rolled 21% - 0. 090mm. G. S. , room temp. : U.T.S. = 62,000 psi. Other specifications aame aa 58a.

69. 9 30. 1 58

see Rolled 37% - 0. 075mm. G. S. , room temp. ; U. T. S. = 71, 500 psi - Y. S. = 59. 900 psi (0. 5% strain). Other

specifications same aa 58a.

69. 9 30. 1 58

5Sf Rolled 60% - 0.075mm. G. S. , room temp. ; U. T. S. = 92, 000 pai - Y. S. = 66, 400 psi (0. 5% strain). Other

specificationa aame as 56a.

69. 9 30. 1 58

581 Rolled 37% - 0. 035mm. G. S. , room temp. ; U. T. S. = 80, 500 psi - Y. S. = 62, 800 psi (0. 5% strain). Teated 90*

to rolling direction. Other apecificationa same as 58a.

69. 9 30. 1 58

SB a Rolled 60% - 0. 025mm. G. S. . room temp. : U. T. S. = 101,000 psi. Tested 90' to rolling direction. Other

specificationa aame aa 56a.

b9. 9 >0. 1 58

sat Rolled 21% - 0.080mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 61,000 pai. Tested 90' to rolling direction. Other

specifications same as S8a.

69. 9 30. 1 58

Rolled 37% - 0. 075mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 75, 500 pai. Teated 90' to rolling direction. Other

specifications same aa 58a.

69. 9 30. 1 58

58v Rolled 60% - 0. 075mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 69,900 psi (0. 5% strain). Teated 90* to rolling direction. Other specifications same aa 58a.

69. 9 30. 1 58

90x1

80

70

w 50

a.

to

(O

UJ

to 40

30

20

—1

1 ca1 to uyORKEO

m 7* It If

[5a.J

[58

f-58 f] 8cJ^ \\

fS8r, '

[SB

(sat] -— >ae] r

[set]' r-

^-[saaj

10° 10 10° FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( *eight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other NO.

55a Drawn 84%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 120, 000 psi - Y. S. = 85, 500 psi (0. 2% offset). Wire sample - 0. 072 inch diam. . routing arc - 3450 r.p.m., R = -1. Samples at 20.000 - 21, 500 - 22, 000 pai - 10** cycles did not break.

69. 3 30. 7 55

55b Drawn 60%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 98, 500 psi - Y. S. = 66, 500 psi (0. 2% offset). Wire sample - 0. 072 inch diam. , rotating arc - 3 4 50 r. p. m., R=-l.

69. 3 30. 7 55

55c Drawn 84%, room temp. : U T. S. = 1 33, 000 psi - Y. S. = 92,000 pai (0. 2% offset). Wire sample - 0. 072 inch diam. , rotating arc - 3450 r.p.m., R = -1.

71. 4 27. 7 0.9 55

55d Drawn 60%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 106. 500 psi - Y. S. ^ 80, 500 psi (0. 2% offset). Wire sample - 0. 072 inch diam. , routing arc - 3450 r.p.m.. R = -1.

71. 4 27. 7 0. 9 55

56a Drawn 21% - 0. 120mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 57,000 psi - Y. S. = 45, 500 psi (0. 2% offset), bar supplied - 0. 625 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 30 inch reduced diam. . rotating cantilever - 6000 r.p.m.

69. 4 30. 6 56

56b Notched sajr.ple - 0. 350 inch diam. at notch - 0. 0025 inch notch radius (Kj = 8.35), 60*. Other specifications aame

as 56a.

69. 4 30. 6 56

126b RoUed 37. 1%, room temp. ; U. T. S. = 81, 600 psi, sheet

supplied - 0.020 inch thick. Sheet sample - Upered - 5-1/2 inches long X 3/8 inch wide, tested in rolling di- rection, flexure cantilever - 750 c.p.m.

71. 7 :8.126

126c RoUed6e. 7%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 97.800 psi. Other

specifications same as 126b.

71. 7 !8. 3 126

126e RoUed 37. 1%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 75, 200 psi. Other

specifications same as 126b. 126

126f RoUed 60. 5%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 93, 800 psi. Other

speciiicationa same as 126b. 126

21 la Cold drawn, room temp. : U. T. S. = 50, 400 psi. Bar sample, routing cantilever - 1800 r.p.m., R = -1, dau

spread ± 5%.

73. 2 !6. 6 0. IFe, <0. IPb 211

211b Cold rolled, room temp. : U. T. S. = 47, 800 psi. Alternating

torsion - 240 c.p.m., R = -1, dau spread = ± 10%.

71. 6 ;8.

X 0. IFe, <0. IPb 211

10 10" 10' 10 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

79
Fatigue Behavior of 70Cu-30Zii (Cartridge Brass)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( weight%) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

Rolled 217o - 0.025mm. G. S, , room temp. ; U.T.S. = 61, 300 p»i - Y. S. = 51. 700 p8i (0. 57o etrain). Tested at 45* to rolling direction. Other specifications same as 58a.

69. 9 30. 1 58

58 h RoUed 37% - 0. 035mm. G. S. , room temp. : U.T.S. = 73, 500 psi. Other specifications same as 58a.69. 9 30. 1 58

56 i Rolled 60% - 0. 025mm. G. S. , room temp. : U.T.S. = 97.000 psi - Y.S, = 64,200 psi (0. 5% strain). Other

specifications same as 58a.

69. 9 30. 1 58

58j RoUed 21% - 0. 080mm. G. S., room temp. : U.T.S, = 58,000 psi. Other specifications same as 58a.69. 9 30. 1 58

58 k RoUed 37% - 0. 075mm. G. S. , room temp, : U. T. S. = 71.000 psi - Y.S. = 58, 200 psi (0. 5% strain). Other

specifications same as 58a.

69. 9 30. 1 58

58

1

Rolled 60% - 0. 075nun. G. S. , room temp. : U.T.S. = 94, 500 psi - Y. S. = 66, 400 psi (0, 5% strain). Other

specifications same as 58a.

58

58q RoUed 21% - 0.025mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 64, 500 psi - Y. S. = 53, 100 psi (0. 5% strain). Tested 90"

69. 9 30. 1 58

Cold drawn 60% - 0. 015mm. G. S. . room temp. : U. T. S. = 106,000 psi. Bar sample - 1-3/4 inch long X 0. 15 inch reduced diam. - electropolished, rotating cantilever - 8000 to 10000 r.p.m., R = -1, sample at 40,000 psi - 1. 1 X 10° cycles did not break.

69. 5 iO. 4 291

291b Cold drawn 40% - 0, 015mm. G. S. . room temp. : U. T. S. = 91,000 psi. Other specifications same as 291a.

69. 5 30. 4 291

Z91c Cold drawn 20% - 0. 015mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 71. 500 psi. Sample at 24, 000 psi - 1. 2 X 10" cycles did not break. Other specifications same as 291a.

69. 5 30. 4 291

314b RoUed 37. 1% - Rg = 84, room temp. : U. T. S. = 81, 600 psi. Sheet sample - 3-9/32 inches long - width reduced from

15/32 to 3/16 inch - uniform cross section part: 2-3/16

inches long X 0.019 inch thick, cut parallel to roUing

direction.

71.7 28. 2 314

314c RoUed 68, 7% - Rg = 92, room temp. : U. T. S. = 97, 800 psi. Other specifications same as 314b. 314

80

70

60

40

30

20

—1—'

'

'—'—'~r COLD WORKED

Roc m Te npt are

[' 1

[SB '7—

i [SBgJ ~ [i'91 \[S8hl lL

[314c rsBXj

[31It —

[58 k]

[SB [SBj]

10 10° FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

Creep Behavior of 70Cu-30Zn (Cartridge Brass)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF,

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

61a Annealed - 0. 20mm. G. S. , room temp. : U.T.S. = 42, 500

psi - Y.S. = 8,500 psi (0. 5% strain). Bar sample - 1/8

inch diam. , 10 inch G. L.

70. 5 29. 5 61

61b Annealed - 0. 085mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 48. 500

psi - Y.S. = 11, 500 psi (0.5% strain). Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam. , 10 inch G. L.

69. 4 30. 6 61

61c Annealed - 0. 022mm. G. S. , room temp. : U.T.S. = 52, 000

psi - Y.S. = 19, 000 psi (0. 5% strain). Bar sample -1/8 inch di»m. , 10 inch G. L.

70. 5 29. 5 61

61d Annealed - 0. 016nrun. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 59, 500

psi - Y.S. = 22 , 500 psi (0. 57» strain). Bar sample - 1/8

inch diam. . 10 inch G. L.

69. 4 30. 6 61

61e Drawn 37% - "course grained", room temp. : U.T.S. = 85,000 psi. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam., 10 inch G. L.

70. 5 29. 5 61

6If Drawn 37% - "fine grained", room temp.; U.T.S. = 86,000 psi - Y.S. = 62,000 psi (0. 5% strain). Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam. , 10 inch G. L.

69. 4 30. 6 61

61g Drawn 84% - " course grained", room temp. : U. T. S. = 124 , 500 psi. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam. , 10 inch G L.

70. 5 29. 5 61

61h Drawn 84% - "fine grained", room temp. : U. T. S. = 120, 000 psi - Y. S. = 65. 000 psi (0. 5% strain). Bar

sample - 1/8 inch diam. , 10 inch G. L.

69. 4 30. 6 61

71 Cold drawn, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 70. 5 30. 4 71

10" 10' 10° 10 CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

80
Modulus of Elasticity of 70Cu-30Zn (Cartridge Brass)

TEMPERATURE, "F

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weighty.) REE

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

173 Hot drawn. Bar sample - 0.288 inch diam. X approx. 7 72 28 173 20

16

10

10 1

[1 73] H

1

ot Orawn

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

500

Tensile and Yield Strength of 65Cu-35Zn (Yellow Brass)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn A{ Ni Other

24a Wrought. 65. 0 35.0 24

24b Wrought. 66. 6 33. 4 24

45a Annealed 1020°F - 2 hrs. - in carbon dioxide. Bar sample - d. 197 inch diam.

67. 0 33. 0 45

45b Cold worked 40%. Bar sample - 0. 197 inch diam. 67. 0 33. 0 45

108a Annealed 1112°F in vacuum - air cooled - 0. 03mm. G. S. Bar sample - 0.0788 inch diam.. strain rate =0,0001

inch/inch/sec. . Y. S. - 0. 5% strain.

90 10 108

108b Annealed 1472'F in vacuum - air cooled - 0. 045mm. G. S. Other specifications same as 108a.

90 10 108

170 Bar sample - 0. 118 inch diam. 64. 8 34. 0 0. 9Pb, 0. IFe 170

176a 0. 037mm. G. S. 63. 6 36. 4 176

176b 0. 020mm. C. S. 63. 6 36.4 176

176c 0. 004mm. C. S. 63. 6 36. 4 176

282 Annealed 932"F - 1/2 hr. , bar supplied - 5/8 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 394 inch diam. 63.8 35. 7 0. 4Pb, 0. IFe 282

308 Annealed. 65. 0 35.0 308

180x10

TEMPERATURE, "F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

? i-. U L

140

120

>n 100

80

60

40

20

[176 l)J^^ [108a] Annealed ['iSa]Annealed

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K
Tensile Elongation of 65Cu-35Zn (Yellow Brass)

TEMPERATURE, "F

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At N. Other

24a Wrought. 2 inch G. L. 65. 0 35. 0 2)

24b Wrought. 2 inch G. L. 66. 6 33. 4 24

inch diam. , 1.97 inch G, L. Lower curve denotes elongation prior to sample necking.

67. 0 33, 0

45b Cold worked 40%. Bar sample - 0. 197 inch diam. . 1.97 inch

necking.

67. 0 33. 0 45

170 Bar sample - 0. 116 inch diam. , 1. 18 inch G. L. 64. 8 34. 0 0.9Pb. 0. IFe 170

262 Annealed 932' F - 1/2 hr. , bar supplied - 5/8 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 394 inch diam. . 2 inch G. L.63. 8 35. 7 0. 4Pb, 0. IFe 282

308 Annealed. 2 inch G. L. 65.0 35.0 308

90

80

60

c

a>

cj£50 zo

<i40 O

_l

liJ

30

20

10

1—

TU

1 OTAL

NIFOR M

1

1

0

(282],Annealed

[24 bj

o

[45oj Annetlied [24cJ

'H [45a jAnneilied

fl70j A\

[3oeJ led \

^

—

a

1 Cold

0

0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

Tensile Reduction of Area of 70Cu-30Zn (Yellow Brass)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( weight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO,

45a Annealed 1020'F - 2 hrs. - COg atinos. Bar sample - 0. 197 inch diam.

67. 0 33. 0 45

45b Cold worked 40%. Bar sample - 0. 197 inch diam. 67. 0 33.0 45

170 Bar sample - 0. 118 inch diam. 64. 8 34. 0 0. 9Pb, 0. IFe 170

282 Annealed 932°F - 1/2 hr. . bar supplied - 5/8 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 394 inch diam.

63. 8 35. 7 0. 4Pb, 0. IFe 282

TEMPERATURE, "F -460-400 -300 -200 "100 0 100 200 300 400 500 90

20

10

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

82
Impact Energy of 65Cu-35Zn (Yellow Brass)

TEMPERATURE, 'f

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) BEF. NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

45a Aimealed I020°F - Z hra. - COa atmoB. Sample (AUemandc type); V -notch - 45' - 3mm. deep - 8 X 10 X 100mm. c roaa -section.67, 0 33. 0 45

45b Cold worked 1Z%. Sample (Allemande type): V-notch - 45* - 3mm. deep - 8 X 10 X 100mm. c ross -section.

67. 0 33.0 45

54a Annealed 1Z92T - 4 hrs. - bar supplied - t/i inch square.

Izod, samples did not fracture completely: bent 65° at 59° F

and 60° at 392 ° F, temp, accuracy = ±2°F,

64 36 54

54b Same specifications as 54a. 65. 7 34. 3 54

54c ChUl - cast, bar supplied - 1/2 inch square. Izod, samples did not fracture completely: bent 65°, temp.

64 36 54

54d Samples did not fracture completely: bent 70°. Other

specifications same as 54c.

65. 7 34. 3 54

156a Annealed, bar supplied - 1/2 inch square. Standard Charpy l<eyhole except for length: 2.0 inches, hammer

velocity = 14. 5 ft. /sec. Sample contained in paper boat

for -323 and -423° F tests - correction applied. 2 to 4 tests/temp.

156

156b Soft. 1 to 4 tests/temp. Other specifications same as

156a. 156

Z82 Annealed 932°F - 1/2 hr. V-notch sample - 0. 394 X

0. 394 X 3. 94 inches.

63. 8 35. 7 0. 4Pb, 0. IFe 282

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

[45a] Annetlied

(S4d] Cast

f54c] Cast

tf (540] Anneated

[54bJAnnec led O

]Cold Worked 12%

4-,

0

Annec led

[lS6aJ Annt oled

[I56bJ Annt oled

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

Fatigue Behavior of 65Cu-35Zn (Yellow Brass)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( weight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

lOa Drawn 1 5.2% - 0.070mm. G. S. , room temp.: U. T. S. = 57,200

psi - Y.S. = 43,100 p8i(0.2% offset) - Rg^ 71, bar - 1/2 inch diam. Bar sample -0.3 inch reduced diam. - polished, rotating beam - 3500 r.p.m. , R = -1, data spread ^ ± 5.5%.

63.0 37. 0 10

10b Drawn 30.1%. -0.060mm. G. S. , room temp.: U. T. S. ^ 72,200

psi - Y. S. = 55,500 psi (0.2% offset) - Rg = 82. Data spread = 4.5%). Other specifications same as 10a.

63. 0 37.0 10

10c Drawn 50,1% -0.040 to 0.050mm. G. S, . room temp.: U.T.S. = 91,600 psi - Y.S. = 67,000 psi (0.2% offset) - Rg = 93. Data spread =±10%. Other specifications same as 10a.

63. 0 37. 0 10

11 Drawn 30.1% - 0.060mm. G. S. , room temp.: U. T. S. = 72,200

psi - Y. S. = 53,900 psi (0.5% strain), bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar sample - 0.30 inch diam. , rotating beam - 3500

r. p. m, , data spread = ± 5%.

63. 0 36. 9 1

1

58a Annealed - 0.030mm. G. S. , room temp.: U. T. S, = 51,700 psi- Y,S. = 19,600 p«i(0.2% offset), sheet -0.032 inch thiclc. Tapered - 5-1/2 inches long, tested in rolling direction, flexure cantilever - 900 c. p. m.

65. 2 34. 7 0. IPb 58

58b Rolled21% -0.030mm. G. S. . room temp.: U. T. S. = 64,800psi

Y.S. = 52,500 psi (0.27, offset). Other specifications as 58a.

65. 2 34. 7 0. IPb 58

126a Annealed 1112°F. Sample -0.020 inch thick, tapered - 5-1/2

inches long X 3/8 inch wide, tested in rolling direction, flexure cantilever - 750c. p.m.

65. 0 34.8 0. IPb, 0. IFe 126

126c Rolled 66.7%, room temp.: U.T.S. = 93.900 psi. Other

specifications same as 126a. 65.0 34. 8 0. IPb. 0. IFe 126

126d Annealed 1112°F, room temp.: U.T.S. = 46,600 psi. Other

specifications same as t26a.

65. 1 34. 9 126

126e RoUed 37.1%, room temp.: U.T.S. = 77,200 psi. Other

specifications same as 12&a.

65. I 34.9 126

126f Rolled 68.7%, room temp.: U.T.S. = 95.600 psi. Other

specifications same as 126a.

65. 1 34. 9 126

126g Annealed 1112°F, room temp.: U. T. S. = 46,600 psi. Other

specifications same as 126a. 64.8 35. 2 126

126i Rolled 60.5%, room temp.: U.T.S. = 91,900 psi. Other

specifications same as 126a.

64. 8 35. 2 126

314a Annealed 1 1 12°F, room temp.: U.T.S. = 46,600 psi. Sheet sample -2-3/16 inches long X 3/16 inch wide X 0.020 inch

thick, parallel to rolling direction, rotating cantilever 1500 r.p.m. , R = -1.

65. 1 34. 9 314

314b Rolled 37.1%, room temp.: U. T. S. = 77,200 psi - Rg = 79. Sample 0.019 inch thick. Other same as 314a.

65. 1 34. 9 314

3t4c Rolled 68.7%, room, temp.: U. T. S. = 95,600 psi - Rg = 87. Other specification* same as 314a.

65. 1 34. 9 314

80

70

60

«» 50

Q.

(/)" COUJ

a:\k 40

30

20

10 -

Room fetnperal are

[1. OcjDrawl7 50%

\

\ flOb]L

|/

1 1

rawn.30% \

'l26e]Rolled 37'

1 1 1

, [lOa]Drawn 15 %

'^^126c]Rolled 69%

v& \

k '

[l2t ,111i]Rolled 60%

[l26l]Rolled 69 %

(lZ6o -

[l I]Drawn 30%

VbjRi

[314 k

(l26dj V 14 c *i

iRolle 168'. i [i lied

i

1

1 \l^lOoj'^ 7- 1 : i It

^126a]Annealed

[l26g]Anr)ealed / rrrr- [58o]Anneoled' y3i4 b]Rolled 37%

(31 [Annetlied [ 26 "djAnr

' ealai

10* 10 lO" FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

83
Modulus of Elasticity of 65Cu-35Zn (Yellow Brass)

TEMPERATURE, "F

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( «eight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At N. Other NO.

172 Annealed 700*C -2 hrs. Bar sample - 120 to I60mm. long X 5 to 9mm, diam. , author does not present point data.

63. 6 35. 5 0. 9Pb 172

173a Hot drawn. Bar sample - 0.288 inch diam. X approx.

7 inches long, transverse vibrations.

67 33 173

173b Hot drawn. Bar sample - 0.288 inch diam. X approx.

7 inches long, transverse vibrations. 63 37 173

0*^ 1 1 ^

,

1 |-J ,

[172]

^- .1 Anne Y

lied

[l73 —8

J?[I73b[Hot L"ifown

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

Modulus of Rigidity of 65Cu-35Zn (Yellow Brass)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( «eight%l REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

3 50 Cold drawn - after annealing. Wire sample - 0. 135 inch diam. , isothermal shear modulus - determined by applying incremental weights, 2 samples used - 6 determinations/ temp. . absolute modulus error = ± 27o.66.0 33. 5 350

TEMPERATURE,

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

12

10

0^^ i 1 1 1 1 1

[35aICold Drawr

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

84
Tensile and Yield Strength of 60Cu-39Zn-lSn (Naval Brass)

TEMPERATURE, "F

-«X) -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (wcighlTol REF.

NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Olher

la Annealed UOO'F - 1 hr. - 0.036mm. G.S. - Rg = 57, bar

supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section -1.5 inches long X 0.247 inch reduced diam. , croashead speed = 0.02 inch/minute, Y.S. - O.Z% offset.

59. 6 39. 7 D. 6 0. IPb 1

lb Notched sample - 0.25 inch diam. at circumferential

notch roots - 0. 005 ± 0. 0005 inch notch radius (K^ = 5. 0). Other specifications same as la.

59. 6 39. 7 0. 6 0. IPb 1

9a Annealed 1500'F - Brinell hardness = 96, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam.59. 9 39. I 0. 8 9

9b Extruded - Brinell hardness = 145, bar supplied - 3/4

inch diam.

59.9 39.2 0. 8 9

9c Bar supplied - 5/8 inch diam. 59. 8 38. 7 0. 3 l.OPb, 0. 2Fe 9

i4a Wrought. 60. 0 39. 2 0. 8 24

24b Wrought. 61.0 38. 2 0. 8 24

28 Rolled, bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/4 inch diam.

55. 1 41.9 0. 8 0. I 0. 3 0. 8Fe. 0, 5Pb,

0. 4Mn

28

72i Hot rolled - 0.025mm. C. S. , bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 58. 8 40. 4 0. 8 72

72b Hot roUed - 0. 020mm. G. S. , bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 60. 2 39. 7 0. 1 72

120 Hard drawn. Y.S. -0.2% offset. 62. 6 37. 0 0. 3 0. IPb 120

263 Annealed. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam. , crosshead

speed =a0.25 inch/minute.

60. 1 39. 1 0, e 263

302 Rolled. 61 38 1 302

316a Annealed lOOO'F. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam. , Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.60. 0 39. 4 J. 6 316

339 Cold drawn 28% - Rfl " Plowed from continuous curve. 59. 6 39. 7 3. 7 339

420a Annealed - 0. 025mm, G. S. , bar supplied - 0. 75 inch diam. 58. 8 40. 4 ). 8 420

420b Annealed - 0. 045mm. G. S. , bar supplied - 0. 75 inch diam. 60. 1 38. 7 ). e 420

452a 59.0 39. 8 ). 6 0. 6Pb 452

452b 56.9 40. 3 3. 8 0. 2 0. 2 0. 7Fe. 0. 7Pb, 0.2MI1

452

180x10

160

120

w 80

60

40

20

0--^

[lb]Anneal Notcteded

[339]Cold Drawn 28%

1 [2e]Rolled

1 \[lZO]HardDfawn

^nnea

/

1 l'452a]

/ [^52bI—

[30Bj Rallea / o

l[9b]i

''24 b]

ed

'72a] Hoi Ro lled^

'9a]Annealed --^^

f72b]Hot Rolled—

~ - A

ri^ 7 / ^1,1 c L420a]Annealed [420b]Annealed-^

f3l6a]Annealed^ [263j >

lAnnealed-^i-^'Jic Hr^[s1c]

[302]Rolled [9a] Annealed^ 9a]Anneo/ed

I ?^

s

1 TE

1 1 [420bjAnneale NSILE\ 1 —

YIELD 1

1 ELASTIC LIMIT PROPORTIONAL LIMI T [IsSa/ -

1 200 300 TEMPERATURE,

400

Shear Strength of 60Cu-39Zn-lSn (Naval Brass)

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

180

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weighf?.) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

449 Rolled. Bar sample - 0. 855 inch diam. , tested in torsion. 59.9 38. 9 0. 8 0. 4Fe 449

140

120

2 100

80

85
Tensile Elongation of 60Cu-39Zn-lSn (Naval Brass)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

la Annealed 1100°F - 1 hr. - 0.036mm. G. S. - Rb = 57, bar

supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section -

1. 5 inches long X 0. 247 inch reduced diam. . crosehead

speed = 0. 02 inch/minute. 1 inch C. L.

59. 6 39. 7 0. 6 0. IPb 1

9a Annealed 1500'F - Brinell hardness = 96, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 2 inch G. L.

59. 9 39.2 0. 8 9

9b Extruded - Brinell hardness = 145, bar supplied - 3/4

inch diam. 2 inch G. L.

59. 9 39. 2 0. 8 9

9c Bar supplied - 5/8 inch diam. 2 inch G. L. 59. 8 38. 7 0. 3 1. OPb, 0. 2Fe 9

24a Wrought. 2 inch G. L. 60. 0 39. 2 0. 8 24

24b Wrought. 2 inch G. L. 61. 0 38. 2 0. 8 24

28 Rolled - bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/4 inch diam. , 2 inch G. L.55. 1 41.9 0. 8 0. 1 0. 3 0. 8Fe, 0. 5Pb,

0. 4Mn

28

72a Hot rolled - 0.025mm. G. S. , bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 2 inch C. h.

58. 8 40. 4 0. 8 72

72b Hot roUed - 0.020mm. C. S. , bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 2 inch G. L.

60. 2 39. 7 0. 1 72

120 Hard drawn. 2 inch G. L. 62. 6 37.0 0. 3 0. IPb 120

263 Annealed. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam. , crosshead

speed ^0. 25 inch/minute, 2 inch G. L.

60. 1 39. 1 0. 8 263

302 Rolled. 2 inch G. L. 61 38 1 302

339 Cold drawn 28% - Rg = 84. Plotted from continuous curve,

2 inch G. L.

59. 6 39. 7 0. 7 339

420a Annealed - 0. 025mm. G. S. , bar supplied -0.75 inch diam, 2 inch G. L.

58. 8 40. 4 3. 8 420

420b Annealed - 0. 045mm. G. 5. , bar supplied - 0. 75 inch diam. 2 inch G. L.

60. 1 38. 7 3. 8 420

45aa 2 inch G. L. 59. 0 39. 8 3. 6 0. 6Pb 452

4S2b 2 inch G. L. 56. 9 40. 3 3. 8 0. 2 0. 2 0. 7Fe, 0. 7Pb,

0. 2Mn

452

TEMPERATURE, 'F

-460-400 -300 -200 -I00 0 100 200 300 400 500 90

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, 'K

500

Tensile Reduction of Area of 60Cu-39Zn-lSn (Naval Brass)

TEMPERATURE, 'F -460-400 - 300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 90

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weighty-) REF.

NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

la Annealed 1100"F - 1 hr. - 0.036mm. G. S. - Rg = 57, bar

supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section -

1. 5 inches long X 0. 247 inch reduced diam. , crosshead

speed = 0. 02 inch/minute.

59, 6 39- 7 J. 6 0. IPb 1

9a Annealed I500°F - Brinell hardness = 96, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam.

59, 9 39. 2 J. 8 9

9b Extruded - Brinell hardness = 145, bar supplied - 3/4

inch diam.

59. 9 39, 2 3. 8 9

9c Bar supplied - 5/8 inch diam. 59. 8 38, 7 ). 3 I- OPb, 0. 2Fe 9

72a Hot rolled - 0. 025mm. G. S. , bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 58. 8 40, 4 0. 8 72

72b Hot rolled - 0.020mm. G. S. , bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 60. 2 39. 7 5. 1 72

120 Hard drawn. Bar sample - 0. 375 inch diam. 62. 6 39. 0 3, 3 0. IPb 120

263 Annealed. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam. , crosshead

speed =0.25 inch/minute.

60. 1 39. 1 a. 8 263

302 Rolled. 61 38 302

339 Cold drawn 28% - Rg = 84. Plotted from continuous curve. 59. 6 39. 7 3. 7 339

420a Annealed - 0. 025mm. G. S. , bar supplied -0.75 inch diam. 56. 8 40. 4 J. 8 420

420b Annealed - 0. 045mm. G. S. , bar supplied - 0. 75 inch diam. 60. 1 38. 7 !. 8 420

80

70

60

50

g 40

30

[ ^ZOa] Anne

H Hoi

\d Drawn [90/ Anneated

[ret'>] Hot Rolle

I 420 bj' Annealed [7Zo]Hof RoHe<^

'

f302] ftolled r

[9b] Extrueled^ t V

Clo] A ineale

1

'

?/ Amlealed -[9c] d \

A

[339, ' Cold Drowf 28%

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE . "K

500

86
Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of 60Cu-39Zn-lSn (Naval Brass)

Hardness of 60Cu-39Zn-lSn (Naval Brass)

TEMPERATURE, 'F -460-400 - 300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

180

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION { *eight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

439 Ball mdenter - Bleel - 10mm. diam. 439

140

120

60

40

20

100 200 300 TEMPERATURE,400 500

87
Impact Energy of 60Cu-39Zn-lSn (Naval Brass)

TEMPERATURE, °F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION («eight7.1 REF, NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

1 Annealed 1100°F - 1 hr. - 0.036mm. G. S. - Rg = 57, bar

all temps. , hammer velocity = Ibft./aec. paper con- tamer glued to sample lor -«3 F tests.

59. 6 S9. 7 0- 6 0. IPb 1

Hard drawn. Izod. 52. 6 57.0 0. 3 0. IPb 120

295 Annealed - Rn = 61. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Charpy

keyhole, 100% fracture - all temps. . 3 testa / temp. . -175'F: ether and liquid air - other test temps. by warming from -175°F.

60. 2 38. 9 0, 8 0. IFe 295

308a Annealed. Charpy keyhole. 60 39. 2 0. 8 308

308b Drawn 27%. Charpy keyhole. 60 39.2 0. 8 308

363 Cold drawn - Brinell hardness = 120 (500 kgm. load), bar

supplied - 7/16 inch square. Standard Izod sample except

for cross-section: 7/16 inch square, samples completely

fractured, striking velocity = 11 ft. /sec.

363

70

40

30

20

J" Anneoled

o—$1 Hare1 Drawn

aa] t nneahId >:

[308bJ 0

1 rown 27%

1 -±-

-i — t 5J A meole

[3637 Col i Dro»n

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, »K

500

Fatigue Behavior of 60Cu-39Zn-lSn (Naval Brass)

CURVE

NO MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

11a Cold drawn 9.479. room temp.: U. T. S. = 66,300 psi - Y.S. = 38,300 psi (0.2% offset), bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar

sample -0.3 inch diam. . R. R. Moore - 3500 r.p.m., R = -1, data spread = ± 5%.

60. 0 39.2 0. 7 1

1

lib Cold drawn 11.5%, room temp.: U. T. S. = 69,600 psi - Y. S. = 50,500pBi(0.2%offset). Other specifications same as lla.

60. 0 39. 1 0. 9 1

1

11c Cold drawn 11.5%. room temp.: U. T. S. = 69,900 psi - Y. S. = 53.700psi(0.2%off8et). Other specifications same as lla.

60. 0 39. 1 0. 8 1

1

lid Cold drawn 11.5%, room temp.: U. T. S. = 72,300 psi - Y. S. = 55.000 psi (0.2%offset). Other specifications same as lla.

60. 0 39. 0 0. 9 1

1

56a Drawn 24% - "fine grain',' room temp.: U. T. S. = 87,000 psi - Y.S. = 72,500 psi (0.27ooffset), bar-0.5inch diam. Sample - 0.3 inch diam. , rotating cantilever - 8000 r.p.m.59. 9 39. 3 0. 7 0. IPb 56

56b Drawn 247. - "course grain/ room temp.: U. T. S. = 87.300 psiY.S. = 68.800 psi (0.27, offset). Other specifications same as

56a.

59. 7 39. 4 0. 7 0. IPb 56

56c Drawn 277« - "fine grain;' room temp : U. T. S. = 87.200 psi - Y.S. = 76,500 psi (0.27o offset), bar-0.53 inch diam. Sample0.5 inch diam. , rotating cantilever - 8000 r.p.m.

60. 5 38. 6 0. 7 0. IPb 56

56d Drawn 277. - "fine grain;' Notched sample: 0.30 inch diam. at notch -0.0006 inch notch radius (K.j. = 15.8) -60". Other

specifications same as 56c.

60. 5 38. 6 0. 7 0. IPb 56

56e Dravm 277. - "course gram;' room temp.: U. T. S. = 91,400p8iY.S. = 79.000psi(0. 27. offset). Other specifications same as

56c.

60. 4 38. 7 0. 8 0. IPb 56

56f Drawn 277. - "course grain;' Other same as 56d. 60. 4 38. 7 0. 8 0. IPb 56

211 Hot rolled, room temp.: U.T.S. = 59,300 psi. Rotating canti- lever - 2 140 r.p.m. . R = -1. data spread = * 57..

60. 7 38. 3 0. 9 211

232a Rolled, Rg = 73, room temp.: U. T. S. = 68 ,200 psi - = 73, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced - 1-I5/I6

inches long X 0.27 inch diam. , rotating beam - 1750r.p.m, . R = -1.

61. 2 38. 3 0. 4 0. IPb 232

232b Rolled - Rg = 73, bar - 3/4 inch diam. Sample -0.404 inch diam. at notch - 60° - 0.010 inch notch radius (K,j- = 4. 5) -0.480

inch diftm. away from notch, rotating beam - 1750r.p.m. , R = -1.

61. 2 38. 3 0. 4 0. IPb 232

233 Room temp.: U. T.S. = 68.200 psi. R. R. Moore 1500 r.p.m. . R = -1. data spread = ± 57e.

60. 8 38. 3 0. 8 233

357 Annealed, bar -3/4 inch diam. Notched sample; U -notch - 0.050 inch radius -0.188 inch diam. at notch bottom (K.p = 1.37). 0.375 inch diam. away from notch, sample attached one end -vibrated longitudinally at approx. 14.2Kc.p.s. . R = -1, tested m distilled water.

357 10° 10' 10 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

88
Creep Behavior of 60Cu-39Zn-lSn (Naval Brass)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( weight%l BEF.

NO- Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

9a Annealed 1500'F - Brinell hardness - 96, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. . total test time = 250 hrs.

59. 9 39. 2 0. 8 9

Y.S. = 31, 500 (0. 5% strain).'' Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam.

10 inch G. L.

59. 9 0. 7 60

6U Annealed 1000° F. room temp. : U. T. S. = 66, 000 psi - Y. S. = 30, 500 psi (0. 5% strain) Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam, , 10 inch G. L.

59. 9 39. 4 0 . 7 61

3I611 Annealed 1000' F. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam. , 300' F: second stage creep except for 20,000 psi: third stage: 400'F: second stage; 500'F: second stage except for 1,300 psi: third stage.

60. 0 39. 4 0. 6 316

-120a Annealed - 0. 025mm. G. S. , bar supplied - 0. 75 inch diam. 58. 8 40. 4 0. 8 420

420b Annealed - 0. 045mm. G. S. , bar supplied - 0. 75 inch diam. 60. 1 38. 7 0. 8 420

I0-' 10-= lo-' io-» io-» 10- CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

CURVE

NO, MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION |weight%) REF,

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

60 b DraMTi 37%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 95, 000 psi - Y. S. = 66. 000 psi (0. 5% strain). Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam. , 10 inch G. L.

59. 9 39. 4 0. 7 60

61b Drawn 37%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 95, 000 psi - Y. S. = 66, 000 psi (0. 5% strain). Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam. , 10 inch G. L.

59.9 39. 4 0. 7 61

71a Hot rolled - 0.020mm. G. S. , bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 60. 2 39. 7 0. 2 71

71b Hot roUed - 0. 025mm. G. S. , bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 58. 8 40. 3 0. 9 71

71c Hot rolled - 0.045mm. G. S. , bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 60, 1 38. 7 0. 8 71

316b Drawn 37%. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam. Second stage creep. 60.0 39. 4 0. 6 316

100

80

60

40

20

'[316b] oLwJ J 4?? "A- L^nn <• 7' V-

-] Xlb] Dra

< (3

wn ^i7 %

i7lbj Hoi Rolte rrf°VTrt

00 -F)

-^[7la] H

4ZZ 'K

Hoi

'K(3

It R

(301

foilea OOf)

1 oiled )'Fj

[e4

1 Oreiwn (30C37

"1\

%

<

7 ^ L7lbJ Hoi Rolled

ll r

77 'K I^OO'F) —

f7lc ] Hot Ro

'40C

led

'FJ'

46b] C 77 »

\ awn

(40C

raw

t- {<

J7?

477^ -K

n ^37%

tnn "F)

i

\i/bj 477.1 i —

10"^ 10"' I0"« I0-' CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

I

89
Modulus of Elasticity of 60Cu-39Zn-lSn (Naval Brass)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other U Aimcajed 1100"F - 1 hr. -0.036mm. G. S. - = 57. bar

supplied -3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section: 0.25 inch diam. X 1-1/2 inch long, clamp-on, strain gage extensometer - 1 inch G. L.

59. 6 39. 7 0. 6 0. IPb I

120 Hard drawn. Bar sample - 0. 375 inch diam. 62. 6 37. 0 0. 3 0. IPb 120

59.0 39. 8 0. 6 0. 6Pb 452

452b 56. 9 40. 3 0. 9 0. 2 0. 2 0. 7Fe, 0. 7Pb.

0. 2Mn

452

TEMPERATURE, "F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

20

o'-H L_,1 S

1

1

1

1

f/2i7J Har '\—®-

fa^sh 1

[la] Annetlied

2 a]

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K Modulus of Rigidity of 60Cu-39Zn-lSn (Naval Brass)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (*eight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

Ic Annealed ]000°F - 1/2 hr. , bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section: 2. 5 inches long X 0.125 inch diam. , shear modulus determined isothermally by applying

weights, maximum shear stress of 350 psi, data spread = * 2%.

59. 6 39. 7 0. 6 0. IPb 1

TEMPERATURE , "F

-400 - 300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

20

0

[ic] Anneo led

0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE

,

90
Tensile and Yield Strength of 60Cu-40Zn (Muntz Metal)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF.

NO.

24 Wrought. 60. 0 40. 0 24

28 Rolled, bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/4

inch diam.

59. 5 39. 4 0. 4 0. 7Pb 28

45a Annealed 1022' F - 2 hrs.- COa atmoB. Bar sample - 0.197

inch diam.

60. 0 40. 0 45

45b Cold worked 25%. Bar sample - 0. 197 inch diam. 60. 0 40. 0 45

145 Annealed 1112'F - after extruding. Bar sample. 60 40 145

188 Notched plate sample: 0. 61 inch thiclt - 0. 75 inch between

notches - approx. 0.01 inch notch radius (Kj ==6. 1) - 45' included angle (Tipper notch).

61. 1 38. 7 0.2Pb 188

263 Cold drawn 207*. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam. . croefl- head speed s,0. 25 inch/minute.62. 4 37. 5 263

292 57. 1 40. 8 0. 9Fe, 0. 7Pb 292

316 Annealed 1050'F. Wire sample - 0. 125 inch diam. , Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.

60. 5 59. 4 316

329a Aged 6 months - after gravity die cast, chill cast bar supplied - 1 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 564 inch diam. , at least 5 tests/temp.

60. 9 59. 0 0. IFe 329

422 Rolled. Bar sample - 0. 74 inch diam. 62 18 422

439 439

459 Wire sample, constant load applied while wire was heated

at 36'F/minute until sample broke.

bl. 7 i8. 3 459

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

180 xio' '-' ^ 1 '' ^

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

Tensile Elongation of 60Cu-40Zn (Muntz Metal)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( »eight7.) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

24 Wrought. 2 inch G. L. 60. 0 40. 0 24

28 Rolled, bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/4

inch diam. , 2 inch G. L.

59. 5 39. 4 0. 4 0. 7Pb 28

45a Annealed 1022*F - 2 hrs. - CO^ atmos. Bar sample - 0. 197

inch diam. , 1. 97 inch G. L. . lower curve denotes elongation prior to sample necking.

60. 0 40. 0 45

45b Cold worked 25%. Bar sample 0. 197 inch diam. , 1.97 inch

G. L. , lower curve denotes elongation prior to sample

necking.

60. 0 40. 0 45

145 Annealed 1112°F - after extruding. Bar sample, 2 inch

G. L.

60 40 1 15

188 Notched plate sample: 0. 61 inch thick - 0.75 inch between

notches - approx. 0. 01 inch notch radius (K^ =36. 1) - 45° included angle (Tipper notch).

61. 1 38. 7 0. 2Pb 188

263 Cold drawn 207o. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam. . cross- head speed «0.25 inch/minute. 2 inch G. L.62. 4 37. 5 263

292 57. I 40. 8 0.9Fe, 0.7Pb 292

329a Aged 6 months - after gravity die cast, chill cast bar

supplied - 1 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 564 inch diam. . at least 5 tests/temp. , 2 inch G. L.

60. 9 39. 0 0. IFe 329

422 Rolled. Bar sample - 0. 74 inch diam. 62 38 42 2

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 - 300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 90

80

70

50

<

(S 40

30

20

1

1

1

ro —UAIFORl t

1 1

1 1 I

L'3290jleast / [145 <led

[45cj Annealed

o zt

0 '•^

r28]Roiled. -o

[Z9Z] [263]Cold Drown 20%^

5=0-=

(45b] Cold 1 —o—Vorkea 25%

(188] Nolchi d

[45b] Cold U 'orked 25%

'4Z2jRollei^~-^^

too 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

500

261-278 0-67—

7

91
Tensile Reduction of Area of 60Cu-40Zn (Muntz Metal)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

45a Annealed 1022°F - 2 brs. - CO;, atmos. Bar aample - 0. 197 inch diam. , 1.97 inch C. L.

60. 0 40. 0 45

45b Cold worked 25%. Bar sample - 0. 197 inch diam. , 1. 97

inch G. L. 60.0 40. 0 45

145 Annealed 1112°F - after extruding. Bar aample. 60 40 145

Notched plate sample; 0. 61 inch thick - 0. 75 inch between

notches - approx. 0.01 inch notch radius (Kf =, 6. 1) - 45- included angle (Tipper notclil.

61. 1 38. 7 0. 2Pb 188

263 Cold drawn 20%. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam. . crosshead speed = 0.25 inch/minute.

62. 4 37. 5 263

'459 Wire sample, constant load applied while wire was

heated at 36*F/minute until sample broke.

6). 7 38. 3 459

TEMPERATURE, °F

-460-400 -300 - 200 "100 0 100 200 300 400 500 90

'

80

70

- 60

50

40

30

20

10

[45aj

cr

- [459}

[I'i5] Anneo led \

[263]Cold Drown

..J i zo%-

1—

1

\A

\

[45b} Cold Vorked 25% \

N

\

\

\

VA—

\ —

V

\ \

—cr^

jNotc ied

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE. "K

Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of 60Cu-40Zn (Muntz Metal)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REr.

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

21a Annealed. Strain rate »0.001 inch/inch/sec. 61. 4 38. 6 21

21b Annealed. Strain rate ^ 100 inches/inch/sec

.

61. 4 38. 6 21

160

140

120

,100

w80

60

40

20

10 —

Room Tempo 'oture

Anneaf

[Zlc]Anne lied

0.1 0 2 0 3 0.4 STRAIN, inches per inch

0.5

92
Hardness of 60Cu-40Zn (Muntz Metal)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

131 Brinell - 3000 kgm. load. bO. 4 39. 3 0. 2Pb 131

439 Brincll. 439

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

180 —

160

140

120

40

20

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, °K

Impact Energy of 60Cu-40Zn (Muntz Metal)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( weighl%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other NO.

45a Annealed 1022'F -2 hrs. - CO^atmos. Sample (AUemande

type): V-notch - 45* - 3mm. deep -3 X 10 X 100mm. crojs60. 0 40. 0 45

45c Cold worlied 17%. Sample (AUemande type); V-notch - 45- - 3mm. deep - 8 X 10 X 100mm. c ross -section.

60. 0 40. 0 45

54a Annealed 1292'F - 4 hra. - bar supplied - 1/2 inch square.

Izod, samples did not fracture completely: bent 65* at 59'F and bent 60* at 392'F, temp, accuracy = ± Z'F.

61 39 54

54b Chill - cast, bar supplied - 1/2 inch square. Izod. samples did not fracture completely; bent 65*, temp, accuracy = 1 2*F.

61 39 51

188 Plate supplied. Charpy V-notch. 61. 1 38. 7 0. 2Pb 188

308a Annealed. Charpy keyhole 61 39 308

308b Drawn 27%. Charpy keyhole. 61 39 308

329a Aged b months - after gravity die cast. Square sample - unnotched; 2. 36 inch X 0. 25 inch X 0. 25 inch, tested in Charpy fnachine. 'temperature accurate to within ± 1°F.

10 to 15 tests/temp.

60. 9 39. 0 0. IFe 329

329b Standard Charpy V-notch except for length; 2. 36 inches. Other specifications same as 329a.

60. 9 39. 0 0. IFe 329

365 Annealed - Brinell hardness = 93. Sample ASTM

standard Charpy V except for length; 2. 36 inches. 75 to 2U*F - tested in water; 212 to 482*F - tested in oil bath , tested longitudinally.

59, 9 40. 0 365

TEMPERATURE, 'F

-460-400 -300 -200 "100 0 100 200 300 400 500

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

least

{54o]Anneol»d

'54b] 'asl

(308a]Annsiilad least

f/aaj (308b]Dram n279.

Q-

[45a] 7,Anneo/»</

[365]Annao ed O

i i>o.^

Cold tVorkeo 17%

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

500

93
Fatigue Behavior of 60Cu-40Zii (Muntz Metal)

90x10' CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF

Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

S5a Drawn 84%. room temp.: U. T. S. = 1 18.000 pel - Y. S. = 82.000

pBi (0.2% offset). Wire sample -0.072 inch diam. . rotating arc - 3450 r.p.m. , R = -1.

62. 6 37. 4 55

55b Drawn 607«. room temp.: U. T. S. = 93,000 psi - Y. S. = 66.000

psi (0.2% offset). Other specifications same as 55a.

62. 6 37. 4 55

U9a Drawn 174%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 60.400 psi. Rotating beam - 2400 r.p.m.61. 6 38. 3 0. IPb 119

1 19b Drawn 16.3%. room temp.;U.T.S. = 59.400 psi. Rotating beam - 1760 r.p.m. 61.5 37.9 0. 5Pb 119

ilU ./uinealed 480°F -after hot rolling and quenching in ice brine, room temp.: U. T. S. = 76.600 psi. Rotating cantilever - 1800

r.p.m. , R = -1. data spread - ± 7%.

59. 5 40. 1 0. 1 0. IFe. 0. 2Pb 211

2Ilb Annealed 650*F. room temp. : U. T. S. = 79.200 psi. Other

specificationfi ftame as 211a.

59. 5 40. 1 0. 1 0. IFe. 0. 2Pb 211

211c Annealed 840T, room temp. : U. T. S. = 65,600 psi. Other

specificationj Mme as 211a.

59. 5 40. 1 0. 1 0. IFe, 0. 2Pb 211

211d Annealed 480°F -after hot rolling and quenching in ice brine. Alternating toreion -2140c. p.m.. R = -1. data spreads ±14%.

59. 5 40. 1 0. 1 0. IFe. 0. 2Pb 211

21Ie Annealed 650° F. Data spread = ± 7%. Other specifications same as 21 Id.59. 5 40. 1 0. 1 0. IFe. 0. 2Pb 211

2111 Annealed 840° F. Data spread = ± 10%. Other specifications same as 2 1 Id.59. 5 40. 1 0. 1 0. IFe, 0. 2Pb 211

214a rtimealed (stress relief), room temp.:Y.S. ^ 58,000 psi. Rotating cantilever - 1450 r.p.m. , tested in air. 214

214b Tested in salt water. Other specifications same as 452a. 214

214c Annealed (full), room temp.: U. T.S. = 53.500 psi - Y. S. = 22,000 psi. Rotating cantilever - 1450 r.p.m. Tested in air. 214

214d Tested in salt water. Other specifications same as 214c. 214

229a Heated - after extruding and drawing, room temp.: U. T. S. = 66,000 psi. bar - 3/4 inch diam. Rotating beam (Farmer)

1500 r.p.m. , R = -1. data spread = ± 7%.

39. 6 229

229b Annealed - after extruding and drawing, room temp.: U. T. S.

= 54,200 psi. Other specifications same as 229a.

59. 8 40. 1 229

229c Drawn 567«, room temp. : U. T. S. = 96, 700 psi. Other

specifications same as 229a. 229

454 Annealed lOOO'F - 1/2 hr. - air cooled, room temp.: U. T.S. = 49,000 psi - Y. S. = 18,600 psi - Brinell hardness = 70. Bar

sample - 13 inches long :3 unreduced sections: 1/2 inch diam.

2 reduced sections: 1-1/2 inches long X 0.334 inch diam..

60. 0 40.0 454

10 10 10" FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( weight%) REF.

NO- Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

133 Cold rolled, room temp. : U T . S. = 55, 500 psi - Y. S. = 42, 500 psi (0. 2% offset) - R^ - 70. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Tubular sample: 9/16 inch outer diam. - 7/16 inch inner diam. . cyclic torsion appa ratus. 5 to 10 c. p.m.

R = -1.

133

386 Annealed 600°C -2 hrs. . room temp.: U. T. S. = 58, 600 psi- Y.S. = 20. 000 psi (0. 2% offset) - Rp = 75. 5. Bar sample - 0. 658 inch diam. . rotating beam.

60. 1 39. 9 386

90 X

80

70

60

.- 50

40

30

20

10 -

PC reMl"t RATLIRE

Co k Rol [3 Unileoled

\0' 10" lO' 10' FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

10'

94
Creep Behavior of 60Cu-40Zn (Muntz Metal)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight*) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

316 Annealed 1030'F. Bar sample - 0. liS inch diam. Second

stage c reep.

60. 5 39. 4 316

421 Room temp.: U. T. S. = 60,600 psi. Bar sample - approx.

0. IS inch diam. , temp, accuracy = ± i'C, extension measured within 0.0001 inch, creep curves stepped; rate recorded is that which occurred between steps, 2 inch G. L.

59. 8 38. 7 3. 3 1. OPb, 0. 2Fe 421

100x10

1.0

a I

6ju

K

nnea

(30t

led >'F)

['idI 423

7J°H(302op)

A—

[316

471h,9

7/7 < (9C4

led 00 V

10 10 10 10 10" CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

Modulus of Elasticity of 60Cu-40Zn (Muntz Metal)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF.

NO. Co Zn Sn At Ni Other

316 Annealed 1050'F. Wire sample - 0. 125 inch diam. 60. 5 39. 4 316

TEMPERATURE, "

F

-400 - 300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

20

10

100

—

[31 S] Amleafed

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K 500

95
Tensile and Yield Strength of 90Cu-10Ni

TEMPERATURE , "

F

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

Annealed 677'C - 40 minutee - 0. O&lmm. G. S. - Rg = bar eupplied - 3/4 inch diaiT\. Bar sample - reduced

section: 1. 5 inches long X 0.247 inch diam. , c rosshe. speed = 0.02 inch/minute, clamp-on strain gage exter someter. I.S. = 0. 2% offset.

Material specificatio

0. 25 inch diam. of rc ^K^ -- 5.01.

ame as la. Bar sample - notched - of 0.005 ± 0. 0005 inch notch radiui

Annealed 1202'F -20 minutes. Ba

2 inches long X 0.8 inch di strength, Y. S. - 0.37. stra

pie - reduced section

trength plotted is breaking

Welded plate supplied -parent; 92Cu-6Ni - IFe: filler com

position given, edge preparation: single U-1/8 inch root fi 1/8 inch land - 1/8 inch root radius -20*bevel-noroot gap, plates butt welded - weld deposits prepared by argonshielded arc - consumable electrode; D. C. welding curren

350 amps. ; welding speed - 4to6 inches/minute, notched

plate sample: 0.79 inch thick - assume 0.76 inch between

notches -approx. 0.01 inch notch radius (K-r = 6.2)-45* included angle (Tipper notch).

Plate sample -0.52 inch thick X 0.625 inch wide, Y. S. - 0.2'!!

Notched plate sample: 0.52 inch thick - 0.79 inch between

notches - approx. 0.01 inch notch radius = 6.3)- 45" included angle (Tipper notch).

. G. S. , bar supplied - 0.125 inch diam.

COMPOSITION-(weight7.)

0. 6Mn, 0. 5Fe

0. 2Ti, 0. 2Si,

0. IMg

0. IFe, 0. IMn

0. IFe. 0. IMn

10. 1 0. 7Fe. 0. 2Mn 316

150

140

130

120

110

100

« 90

Q.

tn" 80

iLl ^ 70

CO 60

50

40

30

20

10

1 1 1 1 T

TENSILE

YIELD

-[lb] Annea led, Niniched

nealea

[187] Weloed on i Note

[ BB b] Notched

[l8B

>-CL.

iS] Annealea

\

1 6

^ —-o L.-o—

[lo] o -o-

>-o--

C3I6] Annea ied

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE , "K 500

Tensile Elongation of 90Cu-10Ni

TEMPERATURE, "F -460-400 -300 -260 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( veightT.) REF

NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

la Annealed 677*C - 40 minutes - 0. 051mm. G. S. - Rg = 33, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced

section: 1. 5 inches long X 0. 247 inch diam. , crosshead

speed = 0.02 inches/minute. 1 inch G. L.

Bal 0. 1 10. 0 1.2Fe 1

145 Annealed 1202°F - 20 minutes. Bar sample - reduced

section - 2 inches long X 0. 8 inch diam.

=3 12 145

187 Welded plate supplied - parent: 92Cu-6Ni - 1 Fe; filler composition given, edge preparation: single U- 1/8 inch

root face - 1/8 inch land - 1/8 mch root radius - 20° bevel - no root gap. plates butt welded - weld deposits prepared by argon shielded arc - consumable electrode - D. C. welding current - 350 amps, ; welding speed - 4 to 6 inches/minute, notched plate sample; 0. 79 inch thick - assume 0. 76 inch between notches - approx. 0.01 inch notch radius (Kx = 6. 2) - 45" included angle (Tipper notch),

2 inch G. L.

64. 8 33. 5 0. 6Mn, 0. 5Fe,

0. 2Ti, 0. 2Si.

0. IMg

187

188a Plate sample - 0. 52 inch thick X 0. 625 inch wide, 1. 5 inch C. L.

89. 7 0. 2 10. 0 0. IFe, 0. IMn 188

188b Notched plate sample: 0. 52 inch thick - 0. 79 inch between

notches - approx, 0.01 inch notch radius (Kj = 6. 3) - 45' included angle (Tipper notch), 2 inch G. L.

89. 7 0. 2 10. 0 0. IFe, 0. IMn 188

90

80

70

6 60

2 50

I-<o

z

940

30

20

10

1 1

[145] Ann 9 aled

l] An neateci r

t [iBtla] L JCia7]V.Velded and Nt Iched O— —

O

[IBB b] Note

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

96
Tensile Reduction of Area of 90Cu-10Ni

TEMPERATURE, "F

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

Annealed 677'C - 40 minutes - 0. 051mm. G. S. - Rg ^ 33, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced

section; 1.5 inches long X 0.247 Inch diam.. crosshead

speed = O.OZ inch/minute.

Annealed 1202'F - 20 minu

section - 2 inches long X 0 Bar s; ch diarr nple reduced

Welded plate supplied - parent: 92Cu-6Ni - 1 re; filler composition given, edge preparation: single U- 1/8 inch

root face - 1/8 inch land - 1/8 inch root radius - 20' bevel - no root gap, plate butt welded - weld deposits prepared by argon shielded arc - consumable electrode;

D, C, welding current - 350 amps, ; welding speed - 4 to

6 inches/minute, notched plate sample; 0.79 inch thick ^ assume 0, 76 inch between notches - approx. 0. 01 inch notch radius {Kj = b. Z) - 45° included angle (Tipper notch

Plate sample - 0. 52 inch thick X 0. 62 5 Inch wide.

Notched plate sample: 0. 52 inch thick - 0. 79 inch between

notches - approx. 0.01 inch notch radius (K^ = 6. 3) - 45° included angle (Tipper notch).

COMPOSITION {weight%)

Sn At Nl

0. 6Mn, 0,

0. 2Ti, 0. 2 0. IMg

0. IFe, 0. IMn

0. IFe, 0. IMn

90

80

70

<

Uj 60

cc<

50

30

20

1

fMSJ' Aunt '}f0d -t

}J Am

[lB8o]

\

[IB /

i

[187] Weld d Notchod

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K 500

Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of 90Cu-10Ni

97

I
Impact Energy of 90Cu-10Ni

CURVE

NO, MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

la Annealed bVT'C - 40 minutes - 0. 051mm. C. S. - Rg ^ 33, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Charpy V, hammer velocity = 16 ft. /see . , paper container glued to sample used for -423° F tests, 10% fracture at all tempe.Bat 0. 1 10. 0 1. 2Fe 1

187 Welded plate supplied - parent: 92Cu-6Ni - IFe; filler composition given, edge preparation: single U- 1/8 inch

root face - 1/6 inch land - 1/8 inch root radius - 20° bevel - no root gap, plates butt welded - weld deposits prepared by argon shielded arc - consumable electrode;

D. C. welding current - 350 amps,; welding speed - 4 to

6 inches/minute, Charpy V -notch.

64. 8 33. 5 0. 6Mn. 0. 5Fe,

0. 2Ti, 0. 2Si,

0. IMg

187

188 Charpy V-notch. 89.6 0. 2 10. 0 0. IFe, 0. IMn 188

TEMPERATURE, °F

-460-400 - 300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

160

150

140

130

120

I 10

100

90

f 80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

[nl] An neo/et1 -fl 0

[187] Well —

[188]

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K 500

Fatigue Behavior of 90Cu-10Ni

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

55 Drawn 88%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 69, 500 poi - Y. S. = 67,000 psi (0.2% offset). Wire sample - 0.072 inch diam. , rotating arc - 3450 r. p. m., R = -1, sample at 29, 000 psi5 X 10 'cycles did not break.

89. 5 10. 1 0. 5Mn 55 70

50

40

30

20

\\J -

Roc m T9moerc fare

[55J D, awn a9 %

10° 10" 10 FATIGUE LIFE , cycles

98
Creep Behavior of 90Cu-10Ni

CU RVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION («elght7.| REF,

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

260 Annealed - 0. 030mm. G. S. , room temp. ; Y. S. =13,900

pai (0. 5% atrain). Bar sample - 0. ilS inch diam. , 10 inch G. L.

89. I 10. 1 0, 7F«, 0. 2Mn 260

1.0

0.1

III 1

1 -

ANNEALED _ _

\

\—

'Z60J' 4, •K (40 1

\

Tpeol S37'Jf ISOO 'F)

Tt

0mp

re

\

9r

Tt

1

iturei

•St Ti

1

she

fnp's

lO'^ I0"« 10^ 10"* Iff' 10" CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

Modulus of Elasticity of 90Cu-10Ni

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn Al N. Other

la Annealed 677°C - 40 minutes - 0. 051mm. G. S. - Rg = 33. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced

section; 1. 5 inches long X 0.250 inch diam. , crosshead

speed = 0.02 inch/minute, modulus derived from stress

vs. strain curves, clamp-on strain gage exteneometer,

1 inch G. L. , dau spread = ± 57o.

Bal 10.0 1.2Fe, 0. IZn 1

316a Cold drawn, bar supplied - 13/16 inch diam. 90. 9 7.8 0, 9At, 0. 5Cd 316

316b Annealed - 0. 030mm. G. S. Bar sample - 0. 12 5 inch diam. 89. 1 10. 1 0. 7Fe. 0. 2Mn 316

26 X 10

TEMPERATURE, "F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

12

10 1 I I

I I I

! I I 1

I 0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

99
Tensile and Yield Strength of 80Cu-20Ni

TEMPERATURE , • F

-4CX) -300 -200 -100 0

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

24 80.0 20. 0 24

75a Annealed - after rolling. Bar sample - 0. 504 inch diam. . Y.S. at 70'F - 0. 1% oHset: Y.S. at -292T measured

by drop of beam.

79. 7 20. 6 0. IMn 75

75b Annealed - after rolling. Bar sample - 0.2S inch diam. , Y. S. - 0. 1% offset.

79. 7 20. 6 0. IMn 75

187a Welded plate supplied - parent; 80Cu-20Ni; filler composition given, edge preparation: single - U - 1/8 inch

root face - 1/8 inch land - 1/8 inch root radius - 20' bevel - no root gap, plates butt welded - weld deposits prepared by argon shielded arc - consumable electrode:

D. C. welding current - 320 ampB. ; welding speed - 4 to

6 inches/minute. Notched sample: assumed 0. 76 inch between notches - approx. 0.01 inch notch radius (K-j. 6.2) - 45" included angle (Tipper notch).

78, 7 20.6 0.2Ti, 0. 2Fe,

0. 2Mn. 0. ISi 187

187b Welded plate supplied - parent: 77Cu -22Ni- 1 Fe; filler composition given. Other specifications same as 187a.

78. 7 20. 6 0. 2Ti, 0, 2Fe,

0, 2Mn. 0. ISi

187

188a Plate sample - 0. 625 inch thick X approx. 0. 58 inch wide. 80, 1 0. 1 19. 5 0.2Fe 188

188b Notched plate sample: 0. 79 inch thick - 0. 595 inch be- tween notches - approx. 0. 01 inch notch radius (Kj w

5. 4) - 45' included angle (Tipper notch).

80, 1 0. 1 19. 5 0, 2Fe 188

298 Annealed. Sheet sample. 79, 6 20. 0 0. 4Mn 298

316 Annealed - 0.025mm. G. S. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam..

Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.

73. 5 0.8 20. 0 0. 6Mn. 0. IFe 316

160x10

150

140

130

120

110

100 « 90

<rt 80 W

liJ ^ 70

</l 60

50

40

30

20

10

1 . 1

TENSILE riELD

ftd7

1

> ] Weided and No Iched

fiee — [21J

O

[750

]

Annealed 0

>

-/

Arsbj Ann H

>»

r l^ai Mnncata

1187a] Welded and Noli hed

fiaatjNotched [

< —0-

T

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE , "K 500

Tensile Elongation of 80Cu-20Ni

CURVE

NO, MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight*) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

24 2 inch O, L. SO.O 20. 0 24

75i Annealed - after rolling. Bar sample - 0, 504 inch diam. . 2 inch G. L.

79, 7 20. 6 0. IMn 75

75b Annealed - after rolling. Bar sample - 0.25 inch diam. . 2 inch G, L,

79. 7 20. 6 0. IMn 75

187a Welded plate supplied - parent: 80Cu-20Ni: filler composition given, edge preparation: single U- 1/8 inch root face - 1/8 inch Und - 1/8 inch root radius - 20* bevel - no root gap, plates butt welded - weld deposits prepared

by ar^on shielded arc - consumable electrode: D, C, welding current = 320 amps, : welding speed = 4 to 6 inches/minute. Notched sample: assumed 0, 76 inch be- tween notches - approx. 0. 0 1 inch notch radius {K,j, = 6,2)-

45' including angle (Tipper notch), 2 inch G. L.

78. 7 20. 6 0. 2Ti. 0. 2Fe.

0. 2Mn, 0. ISi 187

187b Welded plate supplied - parent: 77Cu-22Ni- 1 Fe; filler composition given. Other specifications same as 187a.

78. 7 20. 6 0. 2Ti. 0. 2Fe.

0. 2Mn, 0. ISi 187

18Sa Plate sample - 0. 625 inch thick X approx. 0, 58 inch wide.

1,5 inch G. L.

80. 1 0. 1 19. 5 0. 2Fe 188

1886 Notched plate sample: 0. 79 inch thick - 0. 595 inch be- tween notches - approx. 0. 01 inch notch radius (Kj = 5. 4)- 45' included angle (Tipper notch). 2 inch G. L.

80. 1 0. 1 19. 5 0. 2Fe 188

298 Annealed. Sheet sample, 2 inch C. L. 79. 6 20. 0 0. 4Mn 293

TEMPERATURE, 'F

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100

90

80

70

o 60

50

30

20

10

1

1

fiBBoJ

/

[71

/ >oJ Annealed

C [398J Annea led —li. / —

O

[75 bl Annealed

[l87oJ Welde d ana

i

f Notched

. 1 [24 J

fl87t>j

0

' Welde

<3 ed ~

' L''iBBbjNolch

HJ and Notch

ed —

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

100
Tensile Reduction of Area of 80Cu-20Ni

TEMPERATURE,

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( *eight7.l REE

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

75a Annealed - after rolling. Bar sample - 0. 504 inch diam. 79. 7 0. IMn 75

75b Annealed - after rolling. Bar sample - 0.25 inch diam. 79. 7 20. 6 0. IMn 75

187a Welded plate supplied - parent: 80Cu-20Ni; filler composition given, edge preparation: single U - 1/8 inch root face - 1/8 inch land - 1/8 inch root radius - 20° bevel no root gap. plates butt welded - weld deposits prepared

by argon shielded arc - consumable electrode -DC

welding current = 320 amps. ; welding speed = 4 to 6 inches/ minute. Notched sample: assumed 0. 76 inch between

notches - approx. 0.01 inch notch radius (K^ % 6. 2) - 45* included angle (Tipper notch).

78. 7 20. 6 0. 2Ti, 0. 2Fe,

0. 2Mn. 0. ISi

187

187b Welded plate supplied - parent; 77Cu-22Ni- 1 Fe; filler composition given. Other specifications same as 187a.

78. 7 20. 6 0.2Te. 0.2Fe,

0. 2Mn, 0. ISl 187

188a Plate sample - 0. 62S inch thick X approx. 0. 58 inch wide. 80. 1 0. 1 19. 5 0. 2Fe 188

18Sb Notched plate sample: 0. 79 inch thick - 0. 595 inch between

notches - approx. 0.01 inch notch radius (Kj ^^5.4) - 45* included angle (Tipper notch).

80. I 0. 1 19. 5 0. 2Fe 188

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 100

80

50

30

20

10

100 200 300 400 500

1 1

f7Sd \

a ^[75a]^ntalid

Ba]

[187 6 /

] Wei led atId Not ched

y \

^ [laeb] No ched J Jo—

7a] VVelda6 and Notchtd

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

Impact Energy of 80Cu-20Ni

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( «eight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

75a Annealed - after rolling. Izod. 79. 7 20. 6 0. IMn 75

lS7a Welded plate supplied - parent: 80Cu-20Ni; filler composition given, edge preparation: single U - 1/8 inch root face - 1/8 inch land - 1/8 inch root radius - 20' bevel - no root gap, plates butt welded - weld deposits prepared

by argon shielded arc - consumable electrode; D. C. welding current = 320 amps. ; welding speed = 4 to 6 inches/minute. Charpy V-notch.

78. 7 20. 6 0. 2Ti, 0. 2Fe, 0.2Mn. 0. ISi 187

187b Welded plate supplied - parent: 77Cu-22Ni- 1 Fe; filler composition given. Charpy V-notch. Other specifications same as 187a.78. 7 20. b 0. 2Ti, 0. 2Fe,

0. 2Mn, 0. ISi 187

188a Charpy V-notch. 80. 1 0. 1 19. 5 0. 2Fe 188

-460-400

160

TEMPERATURE, " F

-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

150

140

130

120

I 10

100

90

(/) 7 80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

1 _l .

0 —

[75a. ^ Anne

[187 b \

7 Wel ied

[187 a] We Ided

—

[II

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE , °K 500

101
Fatigue Behavior of 80Cu-20Ni

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (*eight7o) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

204a Heated 400'F-3hr8. - furnace cooled. Sample

conically tapered, rotating cantilever - 1450 r. p. m. . 77.9 21.2 0. 5Fe. 0. 3Mn 204

204b Tested in fresh water containing carbon dioxide. Other 77. 9 21.2 0. 5Fe. 0. 3Mn 204

204c Tested in salt water having approx. 1/3 salt of sea water. Other specifications same as 204a.

77. 9 21.2 0. 5Fe, 0. 3Mn 204

20 4d Annealed MOOT - 1 hr. - furnace cooled. Other

specifications same as 204a.

77. 9 21.2 0. 5F<, 0. 3Mn 204

Annealed 1400°E - 1 hr - furnace cooled Sample

conically tapered, rotating cantilever - 1200 r.p. m. , tested in air.

77. 9 21.2 0. 5Fe. 0. 3Mn

204f Annealed MOOT - 1 hr. - furnace cooled. Sample

conically tapered, rotating cantilever - 1450 r.p.m.,

tested in salt water having approx. 1. 3 salt of sea water.

77.9 21.2 0. 5Fe, 0. 3Mn 204

204g Tested in fresh water containing carbon dioxide. Other

specifications same as 204f.

77. 9 21.2 0. 5Fe, 0. 3Mn 20 t

456a Heated 400T - 3 hrs, - furnace cooled, room temp. : U. T.S. = 61,000 psi - Y.S, = 47,000 psi. Notched sample

0. 5 inch diam. at circumferential notch - 0.0055 inch notch radius (K-j. =6.72), rotating cantilever - 1450 r.p.m.

R = -1.

79. 5 19. 8 0. 4Fe, 0. 3Mn 456

456b Annealed 1400*F - 1 hr. - furnace cooled, room temp. : U.T.S. = 47. 500 psi - Y.S. = 12.000 psi. Other

specifications same as 456a.

79. 5 19.8 0. 4Fe, 0. 3Mn 456

80x10

60

50

30

20

10

Room T0mtyg rc fure

I / /

s.

[ >4ci

[4 5(5 Nitche [204V

[zo4(1J Ainnet11 Id

[304f] Anneate i

L''204i'J'9n teoled -[ 4 Hr/Ai- naolma

I'15 6bJ Ann0aled, hfotcht•d

10=' 10° 10 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( *eight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

55a Drawn 88%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 84, 300 psi - Y. S. = 78, 000 psi (0. 1% offset). Wire sample - 0. 072 inch diam. . rotating arc - 3450 r.p.m., R= -1. samples at 33. 500 and 34.000 psi - 10^ cycles did not break.

79. 5 20. 0 0. 5Mn 55

55b Drawn 88%, room temp. ; U. T. S. = 93, 000 psi - Y. S. = 84. 000 psi (0. 2% offset). Wire sample - 0. 072 inch diam. . rotating arc - 3450 r.p.m., R= -1, sample at 38, 500

psi - 4 X 10 'cycles did not break.

75.8 23. 4 0. 5Mn 55

211 Cold rolled, room temp.: U.T.S. = 49,900 psi. Rotating cantilever - 1800 r.p.m., R = -1, data spread = ±20%.

BO. 3 19.2 0. 3Fe. 0. IMn 211

70

60

50

30

20

Roc m T aturo

I

'55b]

\

Dra»

\

n 88 % —

5a] Drawn Bt E

[2,1] Cl k/ Ro lad

lO' 10* lO' 10" 10' FATIGUE LIFE , cycles

102
Creep Behavior of 80Cu-20Ni

CURVE

NO.

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF. NO. Cu 2n Sn Al Ni Other

260 Annealed - 0. OaSmm, G. S. . room temp. : U. T. S. - 52, 500 pBi - Y. S. = 16. 400 pai (0. 5% strain). Bar sample

0. 125 inch diam. . 10 inch G. L.

78. 5 0. 8 ^0.0 0. 6Mn. 0. ZFc 2 60

20

108

6 M

a.

. 4

0.8

0.2

0.1

Ml 1 1 ANNEALFO

f^eoj ^2Z 'K (300 'F) y

> /

-<

>

[Z60] 537 'K (500 'F)

Iff' ia° CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

Modulus of Elasticity of 80Cu-20Ni

10-"

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

316 Annealed - 0. 025mm. G. S. Bar sample - 0. 12 5 inch diam. 78. 5 0. 8 20. 0 0. 6Mn. 0. 2Fe 316

26 xlO^

TEMPERATURE, "F 400 - 300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

24

22

20

<n 18

_1 A^ NEAL ED

[316]

\

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, °K

103
Tensile and Yield Strength of 70Cu-30Ni

TEMPERATURE , " F

-460_-4p0 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At N. Other

la Annealed - 0.036mm. G, S. - Rg - 47. Bar sample - reduced section - 1. 5 inches long X 0.247 inch reduced

diam., crosshead speed = 0. 02 inch/minute, Y. S. -

0. 2% ofiset.

68. 6 30. 1 0. 7Mn, 0.6Fe 1

lb Annealed - 0.036mm. G. S. - = 47. Notched sample:

0, 25 inch diam. at roots - 0. 005 ± 0. 0005 inch radius (Kj= 5.0). crosBhead speed = 0. 02 inch/minute.

0 7Mn 0 6Fe 1

118 Annealed - after hot working. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch reduced diam.

0. 6Mn 0 . 5Fe 1 18

M9a Annealed - 0.040mm. C. S. Bar sample - reduced section

2 inches long X 0. 505 inch diam. , strain rate = 0.01 inch/ inch/minute. Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.

68. 8 0. 1 29. 9 0. 6Mn, 0. 5Fe

149b M9c

Cold drawn 25%. Other specifications same as 149a. 68. 8 0. 1 29. 9 0. 6Mn, 0. 5Fe 149

Cold drawn 40%. Other specifications same as 149a. 68. 8 0. 1 29. 9 0. 6N4n. 0. 5Fe 149

149d Cold drawn 70%. Other specifications same as 149a. 68. 8 0. 1 29. 9 0. 6Mn. 0. 5Fe 149

187 Welded plate supplied - parent; 70Cu-30Ni; filler composition given, edge preparation: double V - 60° included

angle - feather edge - 1/16 inch root gap. plates butt welded - weld deposits prepared by argon shielded arc - consumable electrode; D. C. welding current = 350 amps. ; welding speed - 4 to 6 inches/minute. Notched sample:

0. 79 inch thick - assumed 0. 76 inch between notches - approx. 0.01 inch notch radius (K-p = 6.2) - 45° included angle (Tipper notch).

64. 8 33. 5 0. 6Mn, 0. 5Fe,

0.2Ti, 0.2Si,

0. IMg

188a Plate sample - 0. 625 inch thick X 0. 515 inch wide. 69.0 0. 1 30. 6 0.2Fe, 0.2Mn 188

186b Notched plate sample: 0. 790 inch thick - 0. 515 inch be- tween notche s - approx. 0.01 inc h notch radius (K-j- =: 5. I) - 45° included angle (Tipper notch).

69. 0 0. 1 30. 6 0. 2Fe, 0. 2Mn 188

379 Annealed (stress -relief) - after drawing, bar supplied - 3/4

inch diam Bar sample - 0 505 inch diam , strain rate = 0.001 inch/inch/mmute to Y.S. -0.05 inch/inch/mmute to fracture. 3 teats/temp, except 2 tests at 75* F, 75to 300-F immersed in heated oil - above 300' F : furnace. Y.S.- 0.i%

offset.

70, 0 29. 1 0. 5Fe. 0. 4Mn 379

4ZS Annealed - 0.007mm. G. S, . bar supplied - 1 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 357 inch diam. , strain rate = 0. 1 inch/

inch/minute, Y.S. - 0. 5% strain.

68. 0 30. 8 0. bFe. 0. 4Mn 425

150

140

130

120

I 10

100

;:; 90

to 80

V) 70

60

50

40

30

20

10

1 1 1 1 1 1

TENSILE

YIELD

- PflOPORTIOf,1AL L lUIT

'lb] Aimea/eo1 , Noh•had

[mc/Drawn 40\\ [ifS d] On7wn 7C %

\Jl8j' \nneott d ^

>n

3b]Nt [l49b

Orawn J

25*

//cr/4 inealec 9]Armedled / [iBBa]^

[lar] Welded and Nolched t3

/ L'425] Anneal id

L

r, L' ^

nnealiId

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE , "K

500

Tensile Elongation of 70Cu-30Ni

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO,

la Annealed - 0.036mm, G, S. - R3 = 47. Bar sample - reduced section -1.5 inches long X 0. 247 inch reduced

diam. , crosshead speed = 0.02 inch/minute, 1 inch G. L.

68. 6 30. 1 0. 7Mn, 0. 6Fe 1

149a Annealed - 0.040mm. G. S. Bar sample - reduced section2 inches long X 0. 605 inch diam. , strain rate ==0.01 inch/ inch/minute.68. 8 0. 1 29. 9 0. 6Mn, 0. 5Fe 149

149b Cold drawn 257e. Other specifications same as 149a. 68. 8 0. 1 29. 9 0. 6Mn, 0. 5Fe 149

149c Cold drawn 407.. Other specifications same as 149a. 68, 8 0. 1 29.9 0. 6Mn, 0. 5Fe 149

149d Cold drawn 70%. Other specifications same as 149a. 68. 8 0. 1 29. 9 0. 6Mn, 0. 5Fe 149

187 Welded plate supplied - parent; 70Cu-30Ni; fiUer composition given, edge preparation: double V - 60° included angle - feather edge - 1/16 inch root gap, plates butt welded - weld deposits prepared by argon shielded arc - consumable electrode; D, C. welding current = 350 amps. : welding speed = 4 to 6 inches/minute. Notched sample:

0. 79 inch thick - assumed 0. 76 inch between notches - approx. 0.01 inch notch radius (K-p =;6.2) - 45° included angle (Tipper notch), 2 inch C. L.

64. 8 33. 5 0. 6Mn, 0. 5Fe,

0. 2Ti, 0. 2Si,

0. IMg

187

lesa Plate sample - 0. 625 inch thick X 0. 515 inch wide. 1. 5 inch G. L.69. 0 0. I 30. 6 0. 2Fe, 0. 2Mn 188

leeb Notched plate sample:0. 790 inch thick - 0.515 inch between

notches - approx. 0.01 inch notch radius (K^^S.l)- 45° mcluded angle (Tipper notch). 2 inch G. L.

69, 0 0. 1 30. 6 0. 2Fe, 0. 2Mn 188

379 Annealed (stress -relief) - after drawing, bar supplied - 3/4

inch diam. Bar sample -0.50 5 inch diam. . strain rate ^

0.001 inch/inch/minute to Y.S. - 0.05 inch/inch/minute to fracture. 3 tests/temp, except 2 tests at 75°F, 75 to 300°F- immersion in heated oil - above 300° F: furnace, 2 inch G. L.

70. 0 29, 1 0. 5Fe, 0, 4Mn 379

425 Annealed - 0.007mm, G. S. , bar eupplied - 1 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 357 inch diam. , strain rate ==0. 1 inch/ inch/minute, 2 inch G. L.

68. 0 30. 8 0. 6Fe. 0. 4Mn 42 5

90

80

70

2 50

10

[is

/

[149 aJ

1 Annec led

/

[4^15) Anneoled

•—i

[379.1 Annt a led

I laabj Notch [l<>9b]Drawn e.'5% -0— —°C !midtd and Notched

I9d]Drawn 7t1%

[149ic]Dra wn 40 *

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

104
Tensile Reduction of Area of 70Cu-30Ni

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

Annealed - 0.036mm. G S, - Rg - 47. Bar

flection - 1.6 inches long X 0.247 inch redL head speed - 0.02 inch/minute.

[mealed - 0.040mm. C. S. bar sample - reduced section - ches long X 0.505 inch diam. , strain rate »0.01 inch/inch/

Cold drawn 407o. Othe

Cold drawn 70%. Other specifications same 149a.

Welded plate supplied - parent: 70Cu-30Ni; filler tompositi^

oiven, edge preparation - double V -60* included angle - feather edge - 1/16 inch root gap. plates butt welded - weld

deposits prepared by argon shielded arc - consumable elec - trode: D. C. welding current = 3 50 amp6.;welding speed = 4 t 6 inches/minute. Notched sample: 0.79 inch thick -assumed

0.76 inch between notches -approx. 0.01 inch notch radius (Kx »6. 21-45* included angle (Tipper notch).

Plate sample -0.625 inch thick X 0.515 i /ide.

Notched plate sample: 0.790 inch thick - 0,51 5 inch betwee

notches -approx. 0.01 inch notch radius {K-j- 5. 1) - 45' included angle (Tipper notch).

Annealed (stress - relief) - after drawing, ba r supplied - 3/4

inch diam. Bar sample -0,505 inch diam. , strain rate=0,001

inch/inch/minute to Y, S. -0.05 inch/inch/minute to fracture.

3 teete/temp. except 2 at 75*F. 75 to 300*F -immersion in heated oil - above 300* F: furnace.

Annealed - 0.007mm. G. S. . bar supplied - 1 inch diam. Bar

sample -0,357 inch diam., strain rate ^.1 inch/inch/ninute

COMPOSITION (welght76)

0. 7Mn. 0. 6Te

0. 6Mn. 0. 5Fe

0. 6Mn. 0. 5Fe

0. 6Mn. 0. 5Fe

0. 6Mn. 0, 5Fe

0. 6Mn, 0. 5Fe,

0, 2Ti. 0, 2Si.

0. IMg

0, 2Fe. 0. IMn

0. 2Fe. 0. IMn

0. 5Fe. 0, 4Mn

0. 6Fe. 0, 4Mn

TEMPERATURE, "F 460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

90

80

<

LJ 60 <o 50

og40

UJ

30

20

[l19 a]Amlealed \

rijiQ^ 1 r\.^ «

0

[119 b]Dro — r°

A-f'Oj1 Annealed -

<

1

(itycj urown hut^ —

[379] Anntolid

b] Nolched

1 *~—

k

/^425]

s

[li17] Wtided and Nolehed

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, <>K 500

Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of 70Cu-30Ni

105
Impact Energy of 70Cu-30Ni

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( *eight7.) REF,

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

U Annealed - 0.036mm. G. S. - Rg = 47. Charpy V-notch, 60% fracture area - all temps.68. 6 30. 1 0. 7Mn. 0. 6Fe 1

UOa As cast - Brinell hardness = 65 to 74. Charpy keyhole. 68. 9 30. 6 120

120b Annealed - wrought bar - Brinell hardness = 92, Charpy

keyhole.

68. 9 30. 6 120

187 Welded plate supplied - parent: 70Cu-30Ni; filler composition given, edge preparation: double V - 60° included

angle - feather edge - 1/16 inch root gap, plate butt welded - weld deposits prepared by argon shielded arc - consumable electrode: D. C. welding current = 350 amps. : welding speed = 4 to 6 inches/minute. Charpy V-notch.

64. 8 33. 5 0. 6Mn, 0. 5Fe

0. 2Ti, 0. 2Si.

0. IMg

187

lS8a Charpy V-notch. 69. 0 0. 1 30. 6 0. 2Fe, 0. IMn 188

295 Annealed - Rg - 55. Charpy keyhole, all samples - partial fracture. 3 tests/temp.

69. 3 0.6 29. 5 0. 6Mn 295

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

I 60

150

140

130

120

I 10

100

90

ft3 80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

[ic] Anrti aled V .A.

/ "n

. t 188 0

J

r,87j /

WeldedIa

r

Ob] t nnaalt•d

aJCos 1 \

\\

VD C —o

f?95] t nneale d

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

Fatigue Behavior of 70Cu-30Ni

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( .eight7.l REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

129 Room temp. : U. T. S. = 58, 000 psi - Y. S. = 20,000 psi

(0. 27o offset), plate supplied - 1 inch thick. Plate sample - 2-1/4 inch radius reduced section - 2-1/2 inches wide X

0,5 inch reduced thickness, flexure cantilever - square wave load pattern, R - -I.

68. 6 0.2 29. 6 0. 9Mn. 0. 6Fe 129 70

60

50

IS) •*0

llJ

f30

20

10

10 -

Roo m Te mp 9r Iture

9j

10 10 10 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

106
Fatigue Behavior of 70Cu-30INi

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION 1 «eight%) REF

NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

55 Drawn 88%. room temp. : U. T. S. = 96, 200 psi - Y. S, = 89. 500 p«i (0. 2% offset)- Wire sample - 0. 072 inch diam. , rotating arc - 3450 r. p. m. , R = - 1 , sample at 34, 500

psi - 3 X lo' cycles did not break.

70. ^ 29. 1 0. 5Mn 55

563 Drawn 33% - 0.025mm. C. S. Bar sample - 0.3 inch reduced diam. , rotating cantilever - 8000 r. p. m.

68. 0 30. 7 0. 5Mn, 0. 5Fe, 0.2Zn

56

56b Notched bar: 0. 30 inch diam. at notch - 0. 015 inch notch

radius (K.J. = 3. 16) - 60°. Other specifications same as

56a.

68.0 30. 7 0. 5Mn, 0. 5Fe,

0. 2Zn

56

56c Notched bar: 0. 30 inch diam. at notch - 0.0006 inch notch

radius (Kj = 15.8). Other specifications same as 56a.

68. 0 30. 7 0. 5Mn, 0. 5Fe,

0. 2Zn

56

264 Annealed 800"C - 2 hrs. prior to finishing, Rg = 90, T.S. = 97,900 psi. Sheet sample - 0.025 inch thick. Townsend and Greenall flexure, reciprocating arm

machine, 800 rpm, R= -1.

68. 5 1.3 29. 6 0.2Fe. 0.3Mn 264

70

60

50

30

20

10

Room Tt m/. ra tuf9

VY

Or aa%

\ I

\\

/:/

qJOr imn J3*\ -

\

It*

[at /

1.1 Annsoltd =

[56c /]o

/

ro

7

33% cht d

[s SbjIdra m33\

%, Nolc \

10" 10° 10' FATIGUE LIFE .cycles

Creep Behavior of 70Cu-30Ni

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION |weight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

61a Annealed - 0.020mm. G. S. . room temp. : Y. S. =21.000

psi (0. 5% strain). Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam. . second stage creep, 10 inch G L.

69. 1 30. 1 0. SMn 61

61b Drawn 84%. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam. . 10 inch C. L. 69. 1 30. I 0. 8Mn 61

150 Annealed - 0. 040mm. G S. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam. Second stage creep, nocreepto 47,200 psi.. 2 inch G. L,

68. 8 0. 1 29. 9 0. 5Fe. 0. 6Mn 150

425 Annealed - 0. 007mm. C. S. , 500*F: U. T. S. = 64, 100 psi - Y.S. = 32.000 psi (0. 5% strain), bar supplied - 1 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 357 inch diam. - 1 . 8 inch G. L. . second stage creep.68. 0 30. 8 0. 6Fe, 0. 4Mn 42 5

20

1.0 Q8

0.6

Q4

Q2

0.1

1

1 1 1 II 1 - 1 1 Ml 1 1 fetal 422 'K (300'F)

- [iSO] 422 'K(300 'F) - Annealed \

an ne aled

tr

—

(

> --[425

J

5.1? •K fSOO -

•F )-- lSla]l7l <0OVj

f h

nrealea

-<I

/(J/*/ 53<"X (SOO'F)

jr awn

Tempe

are

raTluts

1

'«

t Te

1

ihom

mp's n

10"' 10"° 10" 10'^ 10'' CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

261-278 0-67—

8

107
Modulus of Elasticity of 70Cu-30Ni

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( <.eight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other NO.

U Annealed - 0.036mm. C. S. - Rg = 47. Bar sample - reduced section -1.5 inches long X 0. 250 inch diam. . crosshead speed = 0.02 inch/minute, clamp-on strain gage extensometer, 1 inch G. L.

68. 6 30. 1 0. 7Mn. 0. 6Fe 1

379 Annealed (stress -relief) - afte r drawing, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - 0.250 inch diam. , dynamic

70. 0 29- 1 0. 5Fe, 0. 4Mn 379

TEMPERATURE, 'F

22

20

« 18

16

6 1 1

1 Ah1NEAL ED

[la]

[379]

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

Tensile and Yield Strength of 55Cu-45Ni

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zm Sn At N. Other

7 5a Annealed - after rolling. Bar sample - 0. 504 inch diam. , Y. S. at 70"F - 0. 17o offset; Y. S. at - 292*F by drop of beam.

54. 4 44.8 0.3Mn, 0.2CO

0. 2Si, 0, IFe

75

75b Annealed - after rolling. Bar sample - 0.25 inch diam. , Y.S. - 0. 1% offset.

54. 4 44. 8 0.3Mn. 0.2CO

0. 2Si. 0. IFe

75

TEMPERATURE , "

F

-400 - 300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

150

140

130

120

1 10

100

-.7 90

60

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

AmIEALE D

TENSILE

ri ELD

N

[751

\

* [75 o] —

> \

\ N

\

c \ N —

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE , °K

108
Tensile Elongation of 55Cu-45Ni

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other NO.

75a Ajinealed - after rolling. Bar sample - 0. 504 inch diam. . 2 inch C. L.

54. 4 44. 8 0.3Mn, 0.2CO,

0. 2Sl, 0. IFe

75

7 5b Annealed - after rolling. Bar sample -0.25 inch diam. , 2 inch G. L.

54. 4 44. 8 0. 3Mn, 0.2 Co,

0.2Si, 0. IFe

75

TEMPERATURE. "F

-460-400 - 300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100

80

70

o 60

2 50

I-<

30

[75 a]

-[75b]

20

10

0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

Tensile Reduction of Area of 55Cu-45Ni

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( *eight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

75a Annealed - after rolling. Bar sample - 0. 504 inch diam. 54. 4 44. 8 0. 3Mn. 0. 2Co.

0. 2Si, 0. IFe

75

75b Annealed - after rolling. Bar sample - 0.25 inch diam. 54. 4 44. 8 0. 3Mn, 0. 2Co.

0. 2Si. 0. IFe

75

TEMPERATURE, °F

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100

80

<

UJ 60 <

u.•^50 z

o

o

[75 b]

[750 J

30

20

10

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

109
Impact Energy of 55Cu-45Ni

CURVE

NO MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION («/eight%| REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

75 Annealed - after rolling. Izod. 54. 4 44. 8 0. 3Mn. 0. 2Co,

0. 2Si. 0. IFe

75

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 - 300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

I 60

150

140

130

120

I 10

60

50

40

30

20

10

0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE , "K

Fatigue Behavior of 55Cu-45Ni

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) BEE

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

215a Cold rolled, room temp.: U. T. S. = 103, 300 psi - Y. S. ^ 54, 700 psi. Bar sample - reduced section: I inches long - approx. 0. 5 inch diam, at ends - 0. 463 inch diam. near

center, rotating cantilever.

53. 7 44. 8 0. 8Mn, 0. 6Fe

0. IC

215

21Sb Annealed, room temp.: U. T. S. = 69, 400 psi - Y.S. = 25, 400 psi. Other specifications same as il5a.

53. 7 44. e 0. 8Mn, 0. 6Fe

0. IC

215

90x10

20

10

"lO* 10^ 10^ 10^ lo' FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

110
Tensile and Yield Strength of Cu-Ni-Si

TEMPERATURE, °F

-400 -300 -200 -100

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( *eighl%| BEF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other NO.

la Aged 450''C - 2 hra. - 0. 025mm. G. S. - Rq = 98, bar

supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section

1. 5 inches long X 0. 247 inch reduced diam. . crosshoad

speed = 0. 02 inch/minute, Y.S. - 0. 27o offset.

Bal i. 0 0. 5Si 1

lb Notched sample: 0. 250 inch diam. at notch - 0. 005 ± 0.0005 inch notch radiuB (K^ = 5.0). Other specifications same as la.

Bal 2.0 0. 5S1 I

Heated - 900°C - 2 hrs. , water (Quenched - reheated to 900"C - cooled to 200''C during 7 weeks - Brinnell hardness = 63 (40 kgm.), l/2 inch plate supplied - rolled 75%. Bar sample - 0. 226 inch diam. , Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.

96. 3 —Z. 5 0. 6S1, 0. 5Mn 371

37ib Heated - 900°C - 2 hrs. , water quenched - reheated to 900 ° C - water quenched - Brinnell hardness = 60 (40 kgm.)

1/2 inch plate supplied - rolled 75%. Bar sample - 0, 2Z6

inch diam., Y.S. -0.2% offset.

96. 3 2. 5 0. 6Si. 0. 5Mn 371

Heated - 900°C - 2 hrs. , water quenched - reheated to gOO'C - water quenched - reheated 2 hrs. at 500°C - Brinell hardness = 178 {40 kgm.). 1/2 inch plate supplied - rolled 757o. Bar sample - 0. 226 inch diam, , Y.S. -0.2%

offset.

96.3 2. 5 0. 6Si, 0. 5Mn 371

371d Heated SOO'C - 2 hrs. - water quenched - reheated 900°Cwater quenched - reheated 425°C, 1/2 inch plate suppliedrolled 75%. Bar sample - 0. 226 inch diam.

96. 5 2. 4 0. 6Si, 0. 4Mn 371

371e Heated 900-0 - 2 hrs. - water quenched - reheated 900°Cwater quenched - reheated 700''C, l/2 inch plate supplied- roUed 75%. Bar sample - 0.226 inch diam.

96. 5 2.4 0. 6Si. 0. 4Mn 371

300

280

260

240

220

200

i 180 ^ 160

LlI 01I- |2t0

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

10^-^ 1 1

1 AGED —re — y/i

VS/L£

-LD

rV

Notch

-o- —-o ' —

'371 cj

c

[37k '^[371

'37lt>J~.

>•/"?7/ A 7 c _^ -O

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

Tensile Elongation of Cu-Ni-Si

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

la Aged 450'C - 2 hrs. - 0 . 02 5mm. G. S. - R„ = 98, bar

supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section ~

1. 5 inches long X 0. 247 inch reduced diam. , crosshead

speed = 0.02 inch/minute, 1 inch G. L. {4 X diam.).

Bal 2.0 0. 5Si I

371a Heated 900°C - 2 hrs. - water quenched - reheated to 900-C - cooled to 200*C in 7 weeks - Brinell hardness = 63 (40 kgm.), 1/2 inch plate supplied - rolled 75%. Bar

sample - 0. 226 inch diam. . 1 inch G. L.

96. 3 2. 5 0. 6Si, 0. 5Mn 371

371b Heated 900°C - 2 hrs. - water quenched - reheated to 900°C - water quenched - Brinell hardness = 60 (40 kgm.)-

1/2 inch plate supplied - rolled 75%, Bar sample - 0. 226 inch diam. , 1 inch G, L.

96. 3 2. 5 0. 6Si, 0. 5Mn 371

371c Heated 900*C - 2 hrs. - water quenched - reheated to 900°C - water quenched - reheated 500°C - 2 hrs. - Brinell hardness = 178 (40 kgm.) - 1/2 inch plate supplied - rolled 75%. Bar sample - 0.226 inch diam. ,

1 inch G. L.

96. 3 2. 5 0. 6Si, 0. 5Mn 371

37Id Heated 900'C - 2 hrs. - water quenched - reheated 900°Cwater quenched - reheated 425°C, 1/2 inch plate aupplied- roUed 75%. Bar sample - 0. 226 inch diam. , 1 inch G. L.96. 5 2. 4 0. 6Si, 0. 4Mn 371

37Ic Heated 900°C - 2 hrs. - water quenched - reheated 900°Cwater quenched - reheated 700°C, 1/2 inch plate suppliedrolled 75%. Bar sample - 0.226 inch diam. , 1 inch G. L.

96. 5 2. 4 0. 6Si, 0. 4Mn 371

TEMPERATURE, "F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 80

70

r 50

O ''0 o

z

o

-JUj 30

20

10

1 L, iGED

,

71b]

7ie]

[3 7lay

C'oJ

0 [37icJ^

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, °K

1 1 1
Tensile Reduction of Area of Cu-Ni-Si

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weights.) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

Aged 450°C - 2 hrs - 0. 025mm G. S. - Rg - 98, bar

supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section -

1. 5 inches long X 0. 247 inch reduced diam. , crosahead

speed = 0.02 inch/minute.

Bal 2. 0 0. 5Si

Heated 90O''C - 2 hrs, - water <iuenched - reheated 900'*C- cooled to ZOO'C in 7 weeks - Brinell hardness = 63 {40 kgm.), 1/2 inch plate supplied - rolled 7S%. Bar aample0. 266 inch diam.96. 3 2. 5 0. 6Si. 0. bUn

Heated 900'*C - 2 hrs. - water (Quenched - reheated 900°Cwater quenched - Brinell hardness = 60 (40 kgm. ), 1/2 inch plate supplied - rolled 75%. Bar sample - 0,226

inch diam.

96. 3 2. 5 0. 6Si. 0. 5Mn

371c Heated 900°C - 2 hrs. - water quenched - reheated 900°Cwater quenched - reheated 500-0 - 2 hrs. - Brinell hardness = 178 (40 kgm.), 1/2 inch plate supplied - rolled 75%. Bar sample - 0.266 inch diam.

96. 3 2. 5 0. 6Si, 0. 5Mn 371

371d Heated 900*C - 2 hrs. - water quenched - reheated 900*Cwater quenched - reheated ilb'C. , \/2 inch plate supplied - roUed 757o. Bar sample - 0.226 inch diam.96. 5 2. 4 0. 6Si. 0. 4Mn 371

371e Heated 900*C - 2 hrs. - water quenched - reheated 900'Cwater quenched - reheated 700°C, 1/2 inch plate aupplied- roUed 75%. Bar sample - 0.226 inch diam.

96. 5 2. 4 0. 6Si. 0. 4Mn 371

TEMPERATURE, »F

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100 t

90

80

70

< 60

50

40

30

20

10

AGED

37lt] 0 ~~ p7'0?

>

y[3,'la]

0

0

•v

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of Cu-Ni-Si

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( «eight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

la Aged 450"C - 2 hrs. - 0.025mm. O S. - Rg = 98, bar

supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section -

1. 5 inches long X 0. 247 inch reduced diam. , crosshead

speed = 0.02 inch/minute, clamp-on strain gage exten- someter - 1 inch C. L.

Bal 2.0 0. 5Si 1

300

280

260

240

220

200

180

y)Q.

. 160 W

(/) UJ

a. 140

120

100

80

60

40

20

10'

? 'K 3 'Fj \ ( 4 'K-^ -452 'F V \X-76 'K \(-3Z3 'Fl Ro

(-1 195 'K oa 'F/^

[icj

0 0.05 010 015 0.20 0.25 030 0.35 0.40 STRAIN, inches per inch

112
Impact Energy of Cu-Ni-Si

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION { .veight%)

NO. Cu Z.n Sn AC Ni Other NO,

la Aged 450°C - 2 hrs. - 0.0£5tnm. G. S. - Rg ^ 98, bar

supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Charpy V-notch, 90% fracture

at 295 and igS'K; 50% at Tb-K. 2 5% at ZO'K, hammer

velocity = 16 ft. /sec. , paper boat container glued to sample for 10°K tests.

Dal ^. 0 0. 5Si 1

TEMPERATURE, "F

-460-400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

160

140

120

100

, 80

60

40

Ag»d

0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

Modulus of Elasticity of Cu-Ni-Si

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%l REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

la Aged 450°C - I hra. - O.oaOmm. G. S. - Rq ^ 98, bar

supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section1 . 5 inches long X 0. 2 50 inch diam.. clamp-on strain gage extensometer - 1 inch C. L.

Bal 2.0 0. 5Si 1

316a Aged 850°F - 4 hrs. - after heating 1450'F and quenching. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam.

98. 6 1.2 0. 2P 316

316b

316c

Cold drawn, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 98. 3 1. 1 0. 3P, 0, 3Te 316 Aged 850"F - 1 \/l hrs. - after heating 1450*F and

quenching. Bar sample - 0. \ib inch diam.

98. 1 1. 1 0. 3P, 0. 5Te 316

316d Aged 750"F - 1 1/2 hrs. - after heating 1450*F and

quenching - then drawing 307o. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam.

98. 1 L. 1 0. 3P, 0. 5Te 316

TEMPERATURE, "F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

26x1

24

22

20

18

16

14

12

10

1 J

,

1

, At'ED

1]

C3l6bJ A

[3l6c

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

113
Tensile and Yield Strength of Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze)

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF, NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

la Aimealed (soft) - 0.025mm. G S. - Rb - 54, bar Bupplied- 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section -1,5 inches

long X 0,247 inch reduced diam. , crosshead speed = 0.02

inch/minute. Y. S. -0.2% offset.

Bal 2. 9Si, 0, IFe

0. 9Mn

1

lb Notched sample -0.25 inch diam, at notch - 0, 005 ± 0,0005 iJich notch radius (Kj ^5.0), Other specifications same as la.Bal 2. 9Si. 0, 9Mn.

0. IFe

9a Hot rolled - Brinell hardness = 182, bar supplied - 3/4

inch diam, . Y. S. - 0. 2% offset. 95. 3 3, 4Si. 1.2Mn.

0. IFe

9b Ajinealed 842'F - Rg = 75 - 3/4 inch cold drawn bar 95. 6 2.8Si, 1.2Mn.

0. 2Fe

9

217 1/4 hard - Rg = 78. 1/8 inch sheet supplied. Sample cut

longitudinally, crosshead speed = 0,2 inches/minute,

Y, S, - 0, Z% offset.

95.8 3. ISi. 0. 9Mn 217

295 Cold drawn 42% - after annealing. Bar sample - 0.25 inch diam, (0, 5 inch diam. for77'F), loading speed 20. 000 psi/minute.Bal 2.8Si. l.OMn.

0. 2Fe

295

298 Annealed, Strip sample - 0,075 inch thick, held 15 minutes at test temp. , crosshead speed = 2 inches/minute.

Y. S, -0,1% offset.

95 0. 2 3, 6Si, l.OMn 298

302 Rolled. Y.S. -0.2% offset. 94. 5 4. 5Si, 1. OMn 302

316a Aiuiealed - 0.025mm. G. S. . wrought. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam. , Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.97. 4 1.0 I. 6Si 316

316b Annealed - 0,060mm, G. S. . wrought. Bar sample - 0, 125 inch diam. . Y.S. -0.2% offset.97, 4 1, 0 1. 6Si 316

316c Cold drawn 217o, wrought. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam.

0, 2% offset.

97, 4 1.0 1 , 6Si 316

316d Cold drawn 60%. wrought. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam,, Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.97. 4 1.0 1. 6Si 316

316i Annealed 1500°F - Brinell hardness ^ 50 - after cold drawing. 3/4 inch diam. , wrought bar supplied. Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.95, 3 1. 2Mn. 3. 4 Si,

0. IFe

316

316j Cast (double keel blocks) - ° Machined sample.

Y.S, - 0.2% offset.

94. 6 4. ISi. 0. 9Mn 316

160 « 10*

150

TEMPERATURE, '? 400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 2(pO 39O 4(30 500

- TEVSIL E

YIELD

^[ibj Annealed, Notched

y[la] Annealed

[295] Cold Drown 42% -4-

O. I Rolled^ -[9aJ Hol100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K 500

Tensile Elongation of Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weighl%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

la Annealed (soft) - 0,025mm. G. S. - Rfl = 54. bar supplied- 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section - 1. 5 inches

long X 0,247 inch reduced diam., crosshead speed = 0.02 inch/minute, 1 inch G. L.

Bal 2. 9Si, 0. 9Mn,

0, IFe

1

9a Hot rolled - Brinell hardness = 182. bar supplied - 3/4

inch diam, , 1 inch G. L.

95. 3 3. 4Si. 1.2Mn.

0. IFe

9

9b Annealed 842-F - Rg = 75. 3/4 inch cold drawn bar supplied. 1 inch G. L.

95. 6 0. 2 2.8Si. 1.2Mn.

0, 2Fe

9

217 1/4 hard - R3 = 78. 1/8 inch sheet supplied. Sample cut

longitudinally, crosshead speed =0.2 inch/minute. 1 inch

G. L.

95,8 3, ISi, 0. 9Mn 217

295 Cold drawn 42% - after annealing. Bar sample - 0.25 inch diam. (0, 5 inch for 77°K). loading speed = 20.000 psi/ minute. 1 inch G, L.

Bal 2. 8Si, 0, 2Fe,

1. OMn

295

298 Annealed - 0.075 inch thick strip, held 15 minutes at teat temp, . crosshead speed = 2 inches/minute, 1 inch G. L. 95 0. 2 3.6Si, l.OMn 298

302 Rolled, 1 inch G. L. 94, 5 3. 5Si. 1, OMn 302

316i Annealed 1500*F - Brinell hardness = 50 - after cold drawing. 3/4 inch diam. wrought bar supplied - 1 inch

G. L.

95, 3 3,4Si. l,2Mn 316

316j Cast (double keel blocks) - Rfl = 52. Machined sample.

1 inch G, L,

94. 6 4: ISi, 0, 9Mn 316

TEMPERATURE, "F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 80

60

40

30

20

10

yDo] Armeoled

1

' 1

[

1 3161J

1 Anneo ed^ [9€ Annealed

[?9eJ > \nneol

17] l!, Hard

s. ^

[302] Ro lled^

,[295_

- DrotAJ Col w 42

1%

[3l6jj Cost

[i 01 Rt lled^

100 200 300 4(X) 500 TEMPERATURE, °K

1 14
Tensile Reduction of Area of Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze)

Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze)

115
Impact Energy of Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze)

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( «eight%) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

1 Annealed (soft) - 0.025mm. G. S. - Rg = 54. CharpyVnotch, samples fractured only 57o. Bal 2. 9Si, 0. 9Mn

0. IFe

I

226 Hard - Rg = 91. Charpy V-notch. Bal 3Si, IMn 226

295 Room temp. : U. T. S. = 62, 400 psi - Y. S. = 29. 900 psi (0.2% offset) - Rq = 54. Charpy keyhole, samples anfractured.

Bal 3. OSi, 0. 2Fe,

1. OMn

295

-460-400

160

TEMPERATURE, °F -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

150

140

130

120

I 10

100

90

I/) £ 80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

aled

<J Ha rd 95]

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K 500

Fatigue Behavior of Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight7e) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

10a Hard drawn 39% - Rg = 98 - after 0. 025mm. C. S. , room

temp. : U. T. S. = 107, 100 psi - Y. S. ^ 17, 300 psi (0. 1%

offset), bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar sample - 0.313 inch diam. - polished, rotating beam (R. R. Moore

type). 3500 r. p. m.

95. 6 0. 2 3. 2Si. 0. 9Mn.

0. IFe

in

lOb Hard drawn 39% - Rg = 97 - after 0. 1 ICmm. C. S. , room

temp. : U. T. S. = 95, 300 psi - Y. S. = 20. 100 pei (0. 2%

offset). Other specifications same as 10a.

95. 6 0. 2 3. 2Si, 0. 9Mn. 0.2Fe

10

10c Hard drawn 39% - Rg.- 96 - after 0. 175mm. C. S. , room

temp. : U. T. S. = 93, 500 psi - Y. S. ^ 18. 700 psi (0. 2%

offset). Other specifications same as 10a.

95. 6 0.2 3. 2Si. 0. 9Mn,

0. IFe

10

11a Hard, room temp. : U. T. S. = 97. 100 psi - Y. S. = 80. 000

psi (0.2% offset) - Rq = 101. bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 3 inch diam. , rotating beam (R. R. Moore

type) - 3500 r. p. m.

95. 5 3. 2Si, 0. 2Fe,

I. IMn

1

1

lib 1/2 hard, room temp. : U. T. S, = 74, 900 psi •» Re = 89. Other specifications same as 11a,

96. 1 2. 9Si, 0. 2Fe,

1. OMn

11

11c 1/4 har<t. room temp. : U. T. S. = 66, 600 psi - Rg = 84. Other specifications same as 11a.

96. 1 2. 9Si, 0. 2Fe,

1. OMn

11

Ud Annealed (soft), room temp. : U. T . S. = 59. 500 psi - Y.S. = 14, 500 psi (0. 27o offset). Other specifications same as 11a.

95. 5 3.2Si, 0.2Fe.

1. IMn u

80 X 10

10' 10' 10' FATIGUE LIFE, cycles10"

116
Fatigue Behavior of Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

55a Cold drawn 60% (hard), room temp. : U. T. S. ^ 73, 000 pai ~ y.S. = 57, 500 pai (0. 2% oHsetl. Wire aample - 0. 072

inch diam. - made from straightened drawn coil, flexure

rotating arc - 3450 r. p.m.

)7. 1 1. 4 1. 4Si 55

55b Drawn 84% (spring temper), room temp. ; U. T. S. = 93, 500

psi - Y.S. = 75, 500 psi (0. 2% offset). Other specifications same as 55a.

97. 1 1. 4SI 55

55c Drawn 60% (hard), room temp. : U. T. S. = 1 1 1 , 000 psi - Y. S

= 77, 500 psi (0. 2% offset). Other specifications same as 55i

96. 2 1 . 0 2. 8Si 55

55d Drawn 80% (spring temper), room temp. : U. T. S. = 133,500

psi - Y.S. = 89,500 psi (0. 2% offset) . Other specifications same as 55a.

96. 2 1.0 2. esi 55

126a 60% reduction of area, sheet sample. Machined sample

parallel to rolling direction, reciprocating beam - 750

r. p. m. - ratio of length to thickness = 9. 287.

95. 5 3.6Si, l.OMn 126

126b Specifications same as 126a. 96. 0 3.0Si, l.OMn 126

126c Annealed. Other specifications same as 126a. 95. 9 0. 1 ). I 3.0Si, 0. 7Mn,

0. IFe

126

126d

264

Specifications same as 126a. 95. 9 0. 1 ). 1 3. OSi, 0. 7Mn,

0. IFe

126

Annealed, room temp. : U. T. S. = 104, 300 psi Rq = 93, sheet supplied. Flexure teat (Townsend and Creenall

machine).

96. 4 0.2 3. ISi, 0. 2Fe 264

314 Rolled to spring temper, room temp. ; U. T. S. = 80, 000

psi - Rg = 91, annealed sheet supplied. Samples cut parallel to rolling direction, flexure cantilever - approx.

1500 r.p.m.

95. 5 3.6Si, l.OMn 314

80 X 10

ID' 10' 10' FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( *eight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

56a Annealed - 0. 025mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 40.600

psi -Y.S. = 10.800 psi (0. 2% offset) . bar supplied - 0. 56

inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 5 inch diam. at ends - re- duced to 0. 3 inch diam. - polished with 4/0 emery paper,

rotating beam (Krouse).

97. 2 1. 4 1. 4Si 56

56b Notched sample - 0.30 inch diam. at notch - 0.015 inch notch radius (Kt = 3. 16) - 60' - 0. 35 inch diam. away

from notch. Other specifications same as 5&a.

97.2 1.4 1. 4Si 56

56c Notched sample - 0.30 inch diam. at notch - 0.001 inch notch radius {Kj = 12.2) - 60' - 0.35 inch diam. away

from notch. Other specifications same as 56a.

97. 2 1. 4 1. 4Si 56

56d Cold drawn 21% - 0.02mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 54,000 psi - Y.S. = 48,000 psi (0. 2% offset) , bar supplied0, 625 inch diam. Other specifications same as 56a.

97. 1 1. 4 1. 5Si 56

56e Notched sample - 0.30 inch diam. at notch - 0.0015 inch notch radius (Kj = 10. 0) - 60* - 0.35 inch diam. away

from notch. Other specifications same as 56d.

97. I 1.4 1. 5Si 56

56f Cold drawn 37% - 0. 03mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 63, 600 psi - Y.S. = 59, 000 psi (0. 2% offset). Other

specifications same as 56a.

97. 2 1.2 1. 4Si, 0. 2Pb 56

56g Notched sample - 0. 30 inch diam. at notch - 0.001 inch notch radius (K-j- = 12.2) - 60' - 0.35 inch diam. away from notch. Other specifications same as 56f.

97. 2 1.2 1. 4Si. 0. 2Pb 56

56h Notched sample - 0.30 inch diam. at notch - 0.015 inch notch radius {Kj = 3. 16) - 60' - 0. 35 inch diam. away

from notch. Other specifications same as 56f.

97. 2 1.2 1. 4Si, 0. 2Pb 56

56i Cold drawn 10% - 0. 02mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 62, 700 psi - Y. S. = 42, 400 psi (0. 1% offset), bar supplied0. 563 inch diam. Other specifications same as 56a.

95. 9 1.0 3. OSi 56

56j Notched sample - 0.30 inch diam. at notch - 0.015 inch notch radius (K-p = 3. 16) - 60' - 0. 35 inch diam. away

from notch. Other specifications same as 56i.

95.9 1. 0 3. OSi 56

80 X 10"

70

60

50

CO 40

30

20

Rc

1 7 T°mperoture

W.7 C lid Dfown 37 %

1 }

' 5ed] Cold

Irown Zl %_

JCold 1 1 561 / A / Drown 10% \ —A

.[56aj /Anneo

{56l]Cold Drown

21 %, Nofched [56

Annt olid, No tc »<

'——^—t-h

fsehJCold Drown 37%, Notchtd Ill

{SejJCold Drown 10%, Notched

[56 Ann 'aleO, Ni tch ysegJColdl 37%,Nol>awn

chtd

ICC lO' 10* FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

I0»

117
Fatigue Behavior of Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( weight%) REF, NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO,

56k Cold drawn 10% - 0. 02mm. G. S. . room temp. : U. T. S. = 62,700 psi-y.S. = 42,400 psi (0. 27. offsetl, bar supplied0. 563 inch diam. Notched sample - 0. 30 inch diam. at notch - 0.001 inch notch radius (K^ = 12.2) - 0.35 inch diam. away from notch - 60°, rotating beam (Krouse).

95. 9 1,0 3. OSi 56

56t Cold dravwi 23% - 0.035mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T, S. = 76, 600 psi - Y. S. = 56, 700 psi (0. 2% oflsetl, bar supplied0. 563 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 5 inch diam, at ends - reduced to 0. 3 inch diam. - polished with 4/0 emery paper,

rotating beam (Krouse).

95,9 1,0 3, OSi 56

56m Cold drawn 23% - 0. 35mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 76, 600 psi - Y,S. = 56, 700 psi (0.2% offset) . Notched sample - 0.015 inch radius (K^- = 3. 16). Other specifi- cations same as 56k.95. 9 1.0 3. OSi 56

56n Notch radius - 0.001 inch (K-p - 12.2). Other specifi- cations same as 56m.

95. 9 1 . 0 3. OSi 56

56o Cold arawn 33% - 0. 025mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 93, 200 psi - Y. S. = 67, 000 psi (0. 2% offset). Other

specifications same as 56t.

95. 9 1,0 3. OSi 56

56p Notched sample - 0.30 inch diam. at notch - 0.015 inch notch radius (Kt = 3. 16) - 60° - 0.35 inch diam. away

from notch. Other specifications same as 56o.

95,9 1 , 0 3. OSi 56

56q Notch radius - 0.001 inch (Kj - 12,2). Other specifi- cations same as 56p.

56r Cold drawn 44% - 0. 04mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T , S, = 102,500psi-Y.S. = 80,000psi(0.2%offset). Other

specifications same as 56t.

9 5. 9 1,0 3. OSi 56

56e Notched sample - 0.30 inch diam. at notch - 0.015 inch notch radius (K-j. = 3. 16) - 60° - 0.35 inch diam. away

from notch. Other specifications same as 56r.

95, 9 1 0 3. OSi 56

56t Notch radius = 0.001 inch (Kj = 12.2). Other specifi- cations same as 56s.

95, 9 1, 0 3, OSi 56

70

60

50

CO 40

30

20

I 0

C

1 OLD

1 'ORhED

Roo 77 TerT)pero /iire

_//56tjiVotch ?\.

-[56r_1

-[56oj

/ '6tJ

tched

S

1 d\-r

6n<J f\IOtCh6

[sen]

I red L / [56kJnou 1

/5^$7 J|

10' 10' lO' FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

Creep Behavior of Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze)

0,4

0,2

10'

Temperatures shown

are Test Temp's.

I I II I I 10"° 10 10 10'' CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

118
Creep Behavior of Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( »eight7.) BEF.

NO. Othe r NO.

Annealed - 0, 1mm. C. S. 96. 3 0. 8 i. 8Si, 0. IFe 61

61b Annealed - 0.008mm. C. S. 96. '3 0. 8 i.aSi, 0. 1 Fe 61

61c Drawn 37%. 96. 3 0. 8 Z.8Si, 0. IFe 61

Drawn 84%. Final mic rostructurea at 500°F recrystalliied.

96. 3 0. 8 2. 8Si, 0. IFe 61

316f Annealed - 0. 10mm. G. S. , wrought ba r lupplied. Bar

sample - 0. 125 inch diam.

96. 3 0.8 2. 8Si, 0. IFe 316

316g Cold drawn 37%. wrought bar supplied. Bar sample -

0. 125 inch diam.

96. 3 0.8 2. SSi. 0. IFc 316

316h Cold drawn 84%, wrought bar supplied. Bar sample -

0. U5 inch diam.

96. 3 0. 8 2.8Si, 0. IFc 316

10 ' lO"" 10"=" lO"- lO"' CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

Modulus of Elasticity of Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze)

119
Tensile and Yield Strength of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

TEMPERATURE, "F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

la Cold drawn 85% (apring) - 0. 101mm. G. S. - Rg = 94, grade A, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section - 1 5 inches long X 0 247 inch reduced diam., crosshead speed = 0.02 inch/minute. Y.S. - 0. 2% oUeet.

94. 9 0. 1 4.8 0. 2P 1

lb Notched sample: 0. 25 inch diam. at roots - 0. 005 ± 0. 0005 94. 9 0. 1 4. 8 0. 2P 1 ZlreTll^V 'after hoTrli'ir""?a'drA Tr'.u' Hed

3/4 inch diam. Y.S. - 0. 27, offset.

95. 6 3. 8 0. 2P, 0. 2Fe

145 Rolled, grade E, bar supplied - 1 inch diam. Y. S. - 0, 2% offset.

97. 5 2.4 145

92. 7 7. 3

17Ib 0.0008mm. G. S. , grade C. 92. 7 7. 3 171

171c 0.0017mm. G. S. , grade C. 92. 7 7. 3 171

0 0089mm G S , grade C. 92. 7 7. 3

171e 0.024mm. G. S. , grade C. 92. 7 7. 3 171

209a Cold drawn, grade A, bar supplied - 0.873 inch diam.

Y.S. - 0.2% offset.

95. 2 4. 6 0. IP 209

209b Annealed UOO'F - 1/2 hr. - furnace cooled, grade A, bar supplied - 0 873 inch diam. Y S - 0 2% offset

95. 2 4. 6 209

217 Full hard - Rb= 100. grade C, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam Bar sample -0.25 inch diam. , strain rate to Y. S. = 0. 0005

inch/inch/minute, strain rate to U.T.S. = 0.02 inch/inch/ minute, Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.

90. 3 8. 2 217

t6i> Rolled 61% to spring temper, grade A, sheet sample - 1/16 inch thick X 1/2 inch wide.

94. 8 0. 1 4, 9 0. IP 265

169b Annealed, grade A. Sheet sample - 1/16 inch thick X 1/2

inch wide.

94. 8 0.2 4. 6 0. 2P 265

200x10

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

TEMPERATURE, "F

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( weight7ol REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn A< Ni Other NO.

9b Grade A. Wrought bar supplied - 5/8 inch diam. Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.

94. 3 5. 5 0. 2P 9

24 Grade D. Wrought. 89. 5 10. 5 24

38 Cast, grade D. Y.S. - 0. 2% offset. 88.0 12.0 38

120 Hard drawn, grade A, bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar

sample - 0. 375 inch diam. , Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.

95. 6 4. 0 0. 4P 120

170 Grade A. Bar sample - 0. 1 18 inch diam. 93. 1 6. 5 0. 4P 170

176a 0.024mm. G. S. . grade C. 92. 2 7. 8 176

176b 0.0017mm. G. S. , grade C. 92. 2 7.6 176

176c 0.0008mm. G. S. , grade C. 92.2 7. 8 176

210a Cold drawn, grade A, bar supplied - 0. 118 inch diam. 95. 7 3.9 0. 3P 210

210b Annealed 1200'F - 1/2 hr. , grade A, bar supplied - 0. 118 inch diam. Y.S. - 0. 2% offset. 95. 7 3.9 0. 3P 210

212 Cold drawn, grade A, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 95. 8 3. 9 0. 3P 212

302 Rolled, grade A. Bar sample, Y.S. - 0. 2% offset. 95. 7 4.0 0. 3P 302

316a Cast - Rg = 30, grade D, bar supplied - 1 inch square. 89. 8 9. 5 0. IPb 316

316b Annealed - 0.050mm. G. S. - grade A. Wire sample - 0. 125 inch diam. Y.S. -0.2% offset.

94. 2 5. 6 0. 2P 316

366 Annealed 1200 'F, grade A, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam.

Y. S. - 0, 1% offset.

95. 8 3. 9 0. 3P 366

422 Rolled, grade C. Bar sample - 1 inch diam. 92. 5 7 0. 5P 422

449 Cast, grade D. 89. 5 10. 2 0. 3Fe 441

200 X 10 -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

,3

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

120
Shear Strength of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

TEMPERATURE, 'f -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (welBhl7.| REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

449 Rolled, grade A. Bar sample - 0. 855 inch diam. , teated 95. 5 3. 9 0. 3P, 0. 2Ft 449

180

160

140

120

100

60

40

20

xlO''- 1 1 1 i —uu —EU

IMATl STIC

•LIMIT

0

9] Ri ll»d<\

\

0

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, »K

Tensile Elongation of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

TEMPERATURE , T

-460-400 - 300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weightW REF. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

la Cold drawn 85% (epring) - 0. lOlmm. C. S. - Rg = 94, grade A, bar aupplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section -1.5 inches long X 0.247 inch reduced

diam. , crosshead speed = 0. 02 inch/minute, 1 inch C. L.

94. 9 0. 1 4. 8 0. 2P 1

9a Annealed 1250°F - after hot rolling, grade A, bar eupplied- 3/4 inch diam. 2 inch G. L.

95. 6 3. 8 0.2P. O.ZFe 9

9b Wrought, grade A, bar supplied - 5/8 inch diam. 2 inch G. L.

94. 3 5. 5 0. 2P 9

24 Wrought, grade D. 2. inch G. L. 89. 5 10. 5 24

120 Drawn, grade A, bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar

sample - 0. 375 inch diam. , 2 inch G. L.

95. 6 4. 0 0. 4P 120

145 Rolled, grade E, bar supplied - 1 inch diam. 2 inch G. L. 97. 5 2. 4 145

170 Grade A. Bar sample - 0. 1 18 inch diam. , 1.88 inch G.L. 93. 1 6. 5 0. 4P 170

217 Drawn, grade C, bar supplied - 3/4 inch di^m. Bar

sample - 0.25 inch diam. , strain rate = 0.02 inch/inch/ minute, 1 inch G. L.

90. 3 8.2 217

265a Rolled 60. 5% (spring), grade A. Sheet sample - 1/16 inch

thick X 1/2 inch wide, 2 inch G. L.

94. 8 0. 1 4. 9 0. IP 265

265b Annealed, grade A. Sheet sample - 1/16 inch thick X 1/2 inch wide, 2 inch G. L.

94. 9 0. 2 4. 6 0. 2P 265

302 Rolled, grade A. Bar sample, 2 inch G.L. 95. 7 4. 0 0, 3P 302

316a Cast - Rg = 30, grade D, bar supplied - 1 inch square,

2 inch C. L.

89. 8 9. 5 0, IPb 316

422 Rolled, grade C. Bar sample - 1 inch diam. 92. 5 7 0. 5P 422

449 Cast, grade D. 89. 5 10. 2 0. 3Fe 449

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE . "K

121
Tensile Reduction of Area of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

122
Hardness of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION |weight%) REF.

NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

300a Annealed, grade A. Sample 1/16 inch thick, Rockwell B. 94. 9 0. 1 4. 6 O.ZP 300 300b Spring temper. Sample 1/16 inch thick, Rockwell B. 94. 8 0. 1 4.9 0. IP 300

TEMPERATURE, "F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

90

80

[300b] Rolfd eo %

70

30

20

10 I \

1 1 1 1 11 1 1 L_

0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

Impact Energy of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)
Fatigue Behavior of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( weight?.) RFF

NO. Cu Zn Sji At Other NO.

10a Drawn 36% - 0. 018mm. G. S. , room temp.: U. T. S. - 80,200

psi - Y. S. = 78, 400 pei (0. 2% offaet) - Rg = 85, grade A. bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 3 inch re- duced diam. , rotating beam - 3500r.p.m., R= -1.

95. 2 3. 7 0. 8Fe. 0. 2Mn 10

10b Annealed 1022'F - 0. 025mm. G. S. . room temp. : U. T. S. = 50, 600 psi - Y. S. 20, 200 psi {0. 2% offset) - Rg = 34, Data spread = ± 3. 5%. Other specifications same as 10a.

95. 3 4. 3 0, 4P 10

10c Annealed 1022 • F - 0. 020mm. G. S. , room temp.:U.T.S. = 59, 200 psi - Y.S. = 24, 500 psi (0. 2% offset)- Rg = 50. Data spread = ± 3%. Other specifications same as 10a.

91.8 8. 1 0. IP 10

lOd Annealed 1157°F -0.070mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 55, 500 psi - Y.S. = 20, OOO psi (0.2% offset) - Rg = 41. Data spread = ± 6. 5%. Other specifications same as 10a.

91.8 8. 1 0. IP 10

lOe Annealed 1022 • F - 0. 0 16mm. G. S. , room temp.: U. T. S. = 68.000 psi - Y.S. = 28 , 400 psi (0. 2% offset) - Rg = 60. Other specifications same as 10c.

89. 9 0, 1 9.8 0. IP. 0. IFe 10

lOf Annealed 1202°F -0.065 to 0. 070mm. G. S. , room temp.:

U. T, S. = 62,200 psi - Y.S. = 2 1,200 psi (0.2% offset) - Rg = 49. Data spread = ±4%. Other specifications same as 10a.

89. 9 0. 1 9. 8 0. IP. 0. IFe 10

lOg Drawn 15. 27o - 0. 070mm, G. S. . room temp. : U. T, S, = 56, 700 psi - Y. S. = 49, 700 psi (0. 2% offset) - Rg = 72. Data spread = ± 7, 5%. Other specifications same as 10a,

95. 3 4 3 0, 4P 10

lOh Drawn 30. 1% - 0. 090mm- G, S. , room temp, : U. T. S. = 69,800 psi - Y S, = 61, 700 psi (0,2% offset) - Rg = 92, Data spread = ± 7%. Other specifications same as 10a.

95. 3 4, 3 0, 4P 10

lOi Drawn 50. 1% - 0. 065mm, G, S, , room temp. : U. T. S. = 96, 600 psi - V, S, = 84. 000 psi (0. 2% offset) - Rg = 92. Data spread = ± 9. 5%. Other specifications same as 10a.95. 3 4, 3 0. 4P 10

lOj Drawn 15. 2% - 0. 1mm. G. S. , room temp, : U, T, S, = 66, 000 psi - Y.S. = 49, 100 psi (0, 2% offset) - Rg = 80. Data spread = ± 7%. Other specifications same as 10a.91. 8 8. 1 0, IP 10

10k Drawn 30. 1% - 0. 090 to 0. 1mm. G. S. . room temp. : U. T. S, = 81, 000 psi - Y. S. = 64, 500 psi (0. 2% offset) - Rg = 97. Data spread = ± 9%. Other specifications same as 10a.91. 8 8. 1 0. IP 10

lot Drawn 50. 1% - 0. 1 10mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. = 110, 300 psi - Y. S, = 93, 100 psi (0. 2% offset) - Rg = 98. Data spread = ± 17%. Other specifications same as 10a.

91.8 8. 1 0. IP 10

Drawn 15.2% - 0 , 0 75mm , G S, , room temp, : U, T , S. = 76, 600 psi - Y, S, = 50 . 3 0 0 psi (0. 2% offset) - Rg = 92. Data spread = ± 3. 5%, Other specifications same as 10a.89, 9 0, 1 9, 8 0, IP. 0, 1 Fe

lOn Drawn 30. 1% - 0. 090mm. G. S. . room temp. : U, T, S. = 92, 100 psi - Y.S. = 70. 400 pSi (0, 27, offset) - Rg = 97 Other specifications same as 10b.

89, 9 0- 1 9, 8 0, IP. 0, IFe 10

80 xlO

10 10 ID" FATIGUE LIFE .cycles

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight7o) REF

NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

11a 1/2 hard - 0. 10mm. G. S. . room temp.: Y.S. = 49. 100 psi

(0.27. offset), grade C. Bar sample -0.30 inch reduced diam,- polished. rotating beam (R.R.Moore type).

91.8 8. I 1

1

lib Full hard - 0. 10mm. G. S. . room temp.: Y. S. = 64.500 psi

(0. 27o offset). Other specifications same as Ua.

91. 8 8. 1 1

1

11c Extra hard - 0. 10mm. G. S. . room temp.; Y.S. = 93. 100 psi

(0. 27o offset) . Other specifications same as 11a. 91.8 8. 1 11

lid Full hard - 0.09mm. C. S. . room temp.: Y.S, = 70.400 psi

(0. 27o offset), grade D. Other specifications same as 1 la. 89. 8 0. 2 9.8 0. IP 1

1

He Full hard - 0.09mm. C. S. . room temp.: Y. S. = 61.600 psi

(0. 27o offset) . grade A. Other specifications same as 11a. 95.2 4. 3 0. 4P 11

Ilf Drawn 36.67o -0.015mm. G.S. . room temp.: U. T.S. = 59.200

psi - Y. S. = 54,800 psi (0.27o offset), grade E. bar supplied

0,398 inch diam. Bar sample -0.25 inch diam. . rotating beam - 1600r.p.m. . R = -1. data spread = ± b%.

98. 6 1.2 11

llg Drawn 36.67o. room temp.: U. T.S. = 62.400 psi - Y.S. = 57.300 pei(0.27o offset). Other specifications same as Ilf.

98. 3 1. 6 11

Uh Rotating beam -3500r.p.m. Other specifications same as lit 98. 3 I. 6 11

55 Drawn 847,,. room temp.: U. T. S. = 121.000 psi- Y. S. = 101. 50( psi. grade A. Wire sample - 0.072 inch diam. . rotating arc - 3 4 50r.p.m. , R = -1.

95. 4 4. 4 0. 3P 55

58a Reduced 607o - 0. 12mm. G. S. , room temp.: U. T. S. = 95,000

psi - Y.S, = 87,500 psi (0, Z% offset), grade A. Sheet sample0,032 inch thick, tested Li rolling direction, flexure canti- lever - 900c. p.m. . R = -1.

95. 4 4. 0 0. 2P 58

58b Rolled 607o. room temp.: U. T. S. = 68.900 psi - Y. S. = 64.500

psi (0, 27o offset). Other specifications same as 58a.

98. 5 0. 1 1.4 58

58c Rolled 757», room temp.: U. T.S. = 73,600 psi - Y.S. = 67,500

psi (0. 27o offset). Other specifications same as 58a.

98. 5 0. I 1.4 58

229a Annealed - after drawing, room temp. :U. T.S. =45,700 psi, grade A, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Rotating beam

(Farmer)- 1500r.p,m. . R = -1, data spread = ± 147o.

94. 9 4. 9 229

314a Annealed, room temp. : U. T. S. = 59,700 psi - Rg = 11, grade

C. Sheet sample -0.020 inch thick - cut parallel to rolling direction, rotating cantilever - 1500r. p. m. , R = -1.

91.8 8. 1 314

456a Annealed 400'F - 3 hrs. - oil cooled, room temp.: U. T. S. = 63,000 pal - Y. S. = 48,000 psi - Brinell hardness = 107, grade

A. Bar sample -0.46 inch ave. reduced diam. , rotating cantilever - 1200to 1450rp. m. , R= -1. Tested in air.

94. 6 5. 4 0. IP, 0. IFe 456

456b Tested in fresh water, 1450r.;xm Other specifications same as 456a.

94. 6 5. 4 0. IP, 0. IFe 456

10^ 10' 10" FATIGUE LIFE, cycles FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Sn

124
Fatigue Behavior of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( weight*) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO,

124a Annealed 52 7" F - 1/2 hr. - air cooled, room temp,: U, T. S, = 61,800 p«i - Y.S. = 57, 100 psi (0. 1% oHoet)- Brlnell

hardneflfl = 138, grade A, Bar sample - 0.275 inch diam. , rotating beam - 2200 r.p.m. , R = -1, teated in air.

Bal 3. 5

5."0 0.1 - 0. 4P 124

124b Tented in distilled water of 3% salt. Other specifications same as 124a. 124

126a Reduced 60,5%, room temp.: U. T. S. = 115,300 psi, grade

C, Sheet sample - 0.020 inch thick, tested in rolling direction, flexure cantilever - 750 c. p.m., R= -1.

91.0 0.2 8.0 0. 2P 126

126b Cleaned and plated with 20mgm, /inch^ nickel and chromium. Other specifications same as 126a. 91-0 0- 2 B. 0 126

126c Cleaned and plated with 20mgm. /inch^ chromium. Other

specifications same as 126a. 91-0 0. 2 B- 0 126

126d "Microscopic polish. " Other specifications same as 126a, 91 0 0- 2 8-0 126

126c Cleaned and plated with lOmgm/inch^ nickel. Other

specifications same as 126a.

91. 0 0- 2 8.0 0. 2P 126

1261 Sand blasted and plated with lOmgm/inch^ chromium.

Other specifications same as 126a. 91.0 0. 2 8. 0 126

126g Polished - sand blasted and plated with lOmgm/inch^

chromium. Other specifications same as 126a. 91.0 0. 2 8. 0 126

I26h Polished - bubbed and plated with lOmgm/inch^ chromium.

Other specifications same as 126a. 91.0 0. 2 8. 0 126

126i Annealed, room temp. : U. T, S. = 51,800 psi. Other

specifications same as 126a. 92.0 0- 2 7. 7 126

126j Reduced 37. 17e, room temp. : U. T. S. = 88, 000 psi. Other

specifications same as 126a.

92 . 0 0. 2 7. 7 126

126k Reduced 60. 5%, room temp : U. T. S. = 112, 900 psi. Other specifications same as 126a.92 . 0 0. 2 7. 7 126

126t Annealed, grade A. Other specifications same as 126a. 95- 8 0. 1 3- 9 126

126m Reduced 37 1%, room temp. : U. T. S, = 78, 800 psi. Other specifications same as 126^.95. 8 0. 1 3. 9 126

12611 Reduced 60. 5%. room temp. : U.T.S. = 90,200 psi. Other specifications same as 126^.95. 8 0- 1 3. 9 126

126o Annealed, room temp. : U. T. S. = 59, 700 psi. Other

specifications same as 126a

91. 8 8. I 126

126p Reduced 37. 1%, room temp. : U. T. S = 95, 500 psi. Other specifications same as 126a. 91.8 8. 1 126

126q Reduced 68. 7%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 124,800 psi. Other specifications same as 126a. 91.8 8. 1 126

eoxio'

10 10° FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

211b Cold drawn, room temp. : U. T. S. = 62, 900 psi. Other

specifications same as 211a.

94. 9 5. 0 211

211c Cold rolled, room temp.: U.T.S. = 58,600 psi, grade A. Alternating torsion -2140c. p.m., R = -1, data spreads ±7%.

9 5. 2 4. 7 0. IP 211

229b Drawn 56%, room temp. : U. T . S. = 85, 100 psi, grade A, bar

supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Rotating beam {Farmer) - 1500 r.p.m., R= -1, data spread = ± 14%.

94.9 4. 9 229

264a Reduced 507o, room temp.: U. T. S. = 97, 900 psi, grade A. Sheet sample - 0.025 inch thick - polished with 00 emery,

tested in rolling direction, flexure cantilever -900c. p.m. , R = -1

95. 1 4. 7 264

264b Room temp.: U.T.S. = 98, 700 psi. Other specifications same as 264a. 95.2 4. 7 0. IP 264

264c Room temp.: U. T. S. = 104,200 pei. Other specifications same as 264a. 92.0 0. 5 7. 4 2 64

314b Rolled 37. 1%, room temp.: U.T.S. = 95, 500 psi - Rg = 71, grade C. Sheet sample - 0,019 inch thick - cut parallel to rolling direction, rotating cantilever - ISOOr.p.m. , R = -1.

91. 8 8. 1 314

314c Rolled 68. 7%, room temp. ; U. T. S. = 124, 800 psi - Rg = 84. Other specifications same as 314b. 91.8 8. 1 314

456c Annealed 1200°F - 1 hr. - air cooled, room temp.: U. T. S. = 48, 000 psi - Y. S. - 16, 750 psi - Brinell hardness - 56, rotating cantilever - 1200 to 1450r.p.m. , R = -1, Tested in air.

94. 6 5. 4 0. IP, 0. IFe 456

456d Armealed 400°F- 4 hrs. - oil cooled, room temp.: 81,000

psi - Y. S. = 43, 300 psi - Brinell hardness = 121, grade C. Other specifications same as 456c.

91. 7 8. 2 0. IP, 0. IFe 456

456e Tested in fresh water, 1450r,p,m. Other specifications same as 456d,91. 7 8. 2 0. IP, 0. IFe 456

456f Annealed 1200° F - 1 hr, - furnace cooled, room temp.: U.T.S. = 55, 400 psi - Y. S. = 19, 800 psi - Brinell hardness = 35, grade C. Other specifications same as 456c.91. 7 8. 2 0. IP, 0. IFe 456

456g Tested in salt water, 1450r.p.m. Other specifications same as 456f.91. 7 8. 2 0. IP, 0. IFe 456

456h Annealed 400*F- 3 hrs. - furnace cooled, room temp,:

U, T. S, - 86, 700 psi - Y. S. = 46, 500 psi - Brinell hardness - 121, grade D. Other specifications same as 456c.

89. 4 10. 5 0. IP, 0. IFe 456

70

60

50

CO 40

tr

30

20

lU —

/foe m Temp

1 era

\tare

\('14c] Rc lied 69°,

'tbj [229 ijDrawn 56 % £264 a] R 111 p56d]

AnnMled. IT

\ <

^[264b] f tolled

1

I >

> *

1 >f264c7 K

[45etJ 1 [314

50 %

-Y

alt J Drawn^

CJ Mimm — i

^.

L'3l4bJ Roll »d

[456fj Anntalad ^0S6gJ annealed

_ 1 1 II

[eiic7 Cold <^ol l»d-^ 1456hj Ai

10 10 10 10 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

125
Creep Behavior of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF

NO, Cu Sn Al Ni Other

60a Annealed - 0. 050mm. G. S. . room temp.: V. T. S. = 52, 000

pai - Y.S. = 20.000 pei (0. 5% strain), grade A. Bar sample

1/8 inch diam. , 300T and 400T: 2nd stage; SOOT: 3rd SUge, 10 inch G. L..

94. 1 5. 6 0. 2P 60

60b Drawn 84%, room temp. : U. T. S. = 144. 000 p8i - Y, S. = 77, 500 psi (0. 57o strain), grade A. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam., 2nd stage, 10 inch G. L.

94. 1 5. 6 0. 2P 60

316a Cast - Rg = 30, grade D. bar supplied - 1 inch square.

3rd stage, rupture at 15.000 psi.

89. 8 9. 5 0. IPb 316

421 Room temp.:U,T.S. = 48. 800 psi - Y. S. , grade A, rolled

t>ar supplied - 5/8 inch diam. Bar sample - approx. 0.25

inch diam.. temp, accuracy = ± 2 ^C. extension measured

to 0.0001 inch, 2 inch G. L. , at 302°F the creep curves were

stepped - recorded rate is that which occurred between

steps.

94. 3 5. 5 0. 2P 421

100 X 80

10"' 10-8 10"' lO"'' 10-' CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

iO-«

Stress-Rupture Behavior of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( -.eight?.) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

247 Spring hard, grade A. Wire sample - 0.040 inch diam. 94. 99 5 O.OIP 247

316b Annealed - 0. 050mm. G. S , grade A. 1/8 inch diam. Drawn bar supplied.

94. 1 5. 6 0. 2P 316

100

10 T

) /

4? 73Spri K (Zng f 92ia 0

T B

-<>- ~—i L3l6bJ 4nnealet\

422 °K (300 'F -<

[34

leV

\] Annec '40C

le

1

' dF

Teiaip re9rT7 ures

•1 Te

she

Tips wn

0.01 Ql 1.0 10 100 1000 LIFE TO RUPTURE, hours

126
Modulus of Elasticity of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

TEMPERATURE , -WO -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF

NO.

la Cold drawn 8 57» (opring) -0.101mm. C. S. - Rg = 94, grade A, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section: 1. 5 inches long X 0.247 inch reduced

diani. , crosshead speed = 0.02 inch/minute, clamp-on

strain gage extensometer, data spread - ± S%, 1 inch G. L.

94. 9 0. 1 4. 8 0. 2P 1

120 Hard drawn, grade A, bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar

sample . 0.375 inch diam.

95. 6 4. 0 0. 4P 120

215 Drawn, grade C, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar

sample - 0.2 5 inch diam.

90. 3 8. 2 215

310 Drawn to spring temper, grade A. 94. 6 5. 1 0. 3P 310

316a Cast - Rq = 30, grade D, bar supplied - 1 inch square. 89. e 9. 5 0. IPb 316

20

10

[21. Dro wn /

[in0] Ore wn —

1 ^fmnJ n

j/ Co/ 1 Dro tit 85 %

[316a} Co SI

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE. "K 500

Modulus of Rigidity of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

TEMPERATURE , "F -400 - 300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( «eight%) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other NO.

241 Reduced 377o, grade C 92 , 0 8. 0 241

350 Cold drawn - after annealing, grade A. Wire sample - 0.091 inch diam., tested m torsion.

96. 0 3. 7 350

20

10

[SSOj' Cold

I- Dro* n - <

1 ^=y

"

[Z4/J *d3r %

\

\

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K 127
Tensile and Yield Strength of Cu-Al (Aluminum Bronze)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn A( Ni Other NO.

la Annealed - 0.03mm. G. S. - Rq = 97, grade D, bar

supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section:

1. 5 inches long X 0, Z47 inch reduced diam. , crosshead

speed = 0, 02 inch/minute, Y. S. -0. Z% offset.

91.0 6. 6 2, IFe 1

lb Notched sair.ple - 0. 005 ± 0. 0005 inch notch radius - 0. 2S0

inch diam. at notch (Kj = 5.0). Other specifications same

as la.

91. 0 6. 6 2. IFe 1

75 Annealed, bar supplied - 0.25 inch diam. Y.S. - 0. 1%

offset.

91. 1 1.0 7, 3 0. 4Mn, 0. IFe 75

92 Annealed 850'C - 1/2 hr. - air cooled - after cold drawing.

Y. S. - 0. 2% offset. Bal 0. 1 9, 8 0. 5 3.9Fe. 3.0Mn 92

148a Alloy grade 8. annealed 1150'F, "quickly" cooled. Bar sample - reduced section: 2 inches long X 0.505 inch diam, - polished with 00 emery. Y.S. - 0. 57o offset.

89. 6 7. 8 2. 6Fe 148

148d Annealed U 50 ° F - "quickly" cooled, grade 15. Bar samplereduced section! Z inches long X 0.505 inch diam. - polishod with 00 emery. Y.S. - 0. 5% offset.

87. i 0. 1 9. 2 0. 4 3. IFe 148

298a Annealed, Strip sample, held 30 minutes at test temp. , Y.S. - 0. 1% offset.

90. 2 9. 7 298

298b Annealed. Strip sample - 0.08 inch thick, held 15 minutes

at test temp. . crosshead speed - Z inches/minute. Y. S. - 0, 17. offset.

298

316a Annealed - after cold drawing. Tube sample (condenser)

0. 75 X 0,049 inch.

94. 9 5 316

316d Annealed - Rg = 83 - after extrudmg and drawing.

Y.S. - 0. 5% offset. 87. 2 0. 1 9. 2 0. 4 3. IFe 316

316e Annealed - Rg - 81 - after extruding and drawing,

Y.S. - 0. 5% offset.

89. 6 7. 8 2. 6Fe 316

leox

170

160

150

140

130

120

no

Q.I00

[2 90

(Tl-^ 80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

TEMPERATURE, "F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 0^-^ 1 L Al

1—'

INEA

i .ED

lofche ealed

-[la] Annec led

Anne

A'3l6eJ Annealed

1 1 .'92] lied nneal6 d~ \ c 3l6dJ\/A

nnealed/ V> \

[75]

Annet led [2981 Annea

C

led—

[I48a. Annec led

[la]

o.

CW [31 Sol «7. Ann 8^ealed

[14 Sa]^

c 8d]

c [92] [l48i1J 0

0

-[75]

1 c ~~[2 >

X. > —' '

'

'?98b TENSILE

YIELD

1 1

c

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

CURVE

NO, MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION |weight7.| REF

NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

120 Hard drawn, bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar sample - 0, 375 inch diam, , Y, S, - 0, 2% offset. 89. 6 9. 8 0. 6Fe 120

145 Rolled bar - bar supplied - 1 inch diam. Bal 7. 2 0. IFe 145

148b Colo roUed 0. 1% - after first annealing 1150°F - then cold drawing 19% - then re-annealing 1150°F and "quickly"

cooling, grade A. Bar sample - reduced section: 2 inches

long X 0. 505 inch diam. - polished with 00 emery. Y. S. - 0. 57. offset.

89. 6 7 8 2. 6Fe 148

148c Carbon arc welded, nominal weld composition listed, grade 8. Bar sample - reduced section: 2 inches long X

0. 505 inch diam. - polished with 00 emery. Y. S. -0. 5%

offset.

90. 0 0. 1 8. 0 0 4 I. 4Fe, 0. 4Si 148

148e Cold rolled 0. l7o - after first annealing 1150°F - then cold drawing 37s - then re-annealing 1150°F and "quickly" cooling, grade 15. Bar sample - reduced section; 2 inches

long X 0. 50 5 inch diam. - polished with 00 emery. Y.S. - 0. 57o offset.

87, 2 0. 1 9. 2 0. 4 3, IFe 148

148f Carbon arc welded, nominal weld composition listed, grade 15. Bar sample - reduced section; 2 inches long X

0, 505 inch d.am, - polished with 00 emery, Y. S. - 0. 57o offset.

86. 0 9. 4 0. 4 3, 8Fe, 0, 4Si 148

170 Bar sample - 0. 118 inch diam. 95 5 1 70

302a Forged. Y.S. - 0. 27. offset. 88 9 3Fe 302

316c Extruded - Rg = 96, 3/4 inch diam. wrought bar supplied.

Y, S. - 0. 27. offset.

86- 3 9. 5 3, 5Fe, 0, 3Si 316

339b 1 hr. at test temp. Bal 9. 9 3J9

339c 1 hr. at test temp. Bal 9. 9 IMn 339

339d I hr. at teat temp. Bal 6. 7 339

347 3/4 inch bar supplied, nominal composition listed. Bar

sample - 0, 505 inch diam, . average of 2 tests at 70'F and -i08*F - one test at -320"F. Y.S, - 0, 27. offset.

Bal 0. 5 9 0. 5 - IFe 347

351 Forged, Bar sample - 0. 505 mch diam. 351

180 X

170

160

150

140

130

120

110

S 100

0^ 80

TEMPERATURE, "F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 iOO 200 300 400 500

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

[1486] [I48b]

Rolled 0.1%^ Rolled 0.1%r

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, 'K

500

128
Tensile and Yield Strength of Cu-Al (Aluminum Bronze)

TEMPERATURE, °F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

Nfl. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weightVo) RE'F. NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

Die cast - Rg = 24. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam. X 6 inches long, Y.S, - 0. Z% offBet.

91. 5 7. 7 0. 7Fc 9

Cast Y S - 0 2% offset 88 9 3Fe

316b Die cast, 1/2 inch diam. , bar supplied. Y.S. -0.2%offBet. 89. 0 10. 1 l.OFe 316

316t Sand cast {double keel blocks) - Rg = 90. Y. S. -0. 2% offset. 85. 8 11.1 2.8Fe, 0,2Si 316

316g Sand cast - Rg = 88. Y.S. - 0. 2% offset. Bal 10. 6 0. 4 3. 6Fe 316

316h Sand cast (doable keel blocks) - Rg = 90. Machined sample, 85. 3 10. 8 3. 6Fe, 0, ISi 316

Sand cast (double keel blocks) - Rg - &i>. Machined sample,

Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.

85. 4 10. 1 4. 4Fe, 0. IMn,

0. iSi 316

0. 357 inch diam., temp, gradient 2 -3'C, held at temp, about

30 minutes prior to test.

90. 1 9. 9 320

320b Sand cast. Same test parameters as 320a. 89. 2 7.9 2. 8Fe 320

329 Gravity die cast, 0. 564 inch diam. , bar supplied. 87. 5 9. 6 0. 2 2, 5Fe. 0. IMn 329

449a Cast. 88. 9 0. 2 9. 7 0. 6Fe, 0. 4Sn,

0. 2Pb

449

449b 94, 9 4. 9 0. IPb, 0. IFe 449

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

Tensile Elongation of Cu-Al (Aluminum Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight7o) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn Ai Ni Other

la Annealed - 0.036mm. G. S. - Rg = 97, grade D, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section:

1 . 5 inches long X 0 . 247 inch reduced diam., crosshead

speed = 0. 02 inch/minute, 1 inch G. L.

91,0 6. 6 2. IFe 1

75 Annealed. Bar sample - 0. 25 inch diam. , 2 inch G. L. 91. 1 1.0 7. 3 0. 4Mn 75

92 Annealed 850°C - 1/2 hr. - air cooled - after cold drawing. 2 inch G. L. Bal 0. 1 9. 8 0. 5 3.9Fe, 3.0Mn 92

148a Annealed 1150°F - '^uicklv"cooled, grade 8. Bar sample, reduced section: 2 inches long X 0.505 inch diam. -polished

with 00 emery. 2 inch G. L.

89. b 7. S 2. 6Fe 148

148d Annealed 1 1 50 ° F - "quickly" cooled, grade 15. Sample

specifications same as 148a.

8 7. 2 0. 1 9. 2 0. 4 3. IFe 148

298a Annealed strip. Held 30 minutes at test temp. , 2 inch G. L. 90. 2 9. 7 298

298b Annealed. Strip sample - 0.08 inch thick. Held 15 minutes at test temp. , crosshead speed = 2 inches/

minute, 2 inch G. L.

298

316a Annealed - after cold drawing. Tube sample (condenser) - 0, 75 X 0. 049 inch, 2 inch G. L.94. 9 5 316

316d Annealed - Rg = 83 - after extruding and drawing. Bar

sample, 2 inch G. L.

87. 2 0. 1 9. 2 0. 4 3. IFe 316

316e Annealed - R - 81 - after extruding and drawing. Bar

sample, 2 incT. G. L.

89. 6 7. 8 2. 6Fe 316

TEMPERATURE, °F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100

90

80

c 60

50

<


 g 40

30

20

10

ANNBALL-D

'98bJ

IBa] \

0] I8a]

3d] '2980

7 \

[75T \

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K 500

129
Tensile Elongation of Cu-Al (Aluminum Bronze)

TEMPERATURE, "F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100 ' ...

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION 1 .eight %1 REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

120 Hard drawn, bar supplied - 1/2 mcli diam. Bar sample - 0. 375 inch diam. , 2 ijich G. L.

0. 6Fe 120

145 Rolled, bar supplied - 1 inch diam. 2 inch G.L. 7, 2 0. IFe 145

148b Cold rolled 0.1% - after first annealing 1 150° F - then cold drawing 1 97c - then re-annealing 1150°Fand "quickly" cooling grade 8. Bar sample, reduced section: 2 inches long X 0.505

inch diam. - polished with 00 emery, 2 inch G. L.

89. 6 7. 8 2. 6Fe 148

148c Carbon arc welded, nominal weld composition listed, grade

8. Sample specifications same as 148b. 2 inch G. L.

90. 1 0. 1 8. 0 0. 4 1. 4Fe 148

148e Cold rolled 0.1% -after first annealing 1 1 50 ° F - then cold drawing 3% - then re-annealing 1 1 50° F and "quickly" cooling, grade 15. Bar sample, 2 inch G.L.

87. 2 0. 1 9. 2 0.4 3. IFe 148

148f Carbon arc welded, nominal weld composition listed, grade

15. Sample specifications same as 148b. 2 inch G. L.

86. 0 9. 4 0.4 3. 8Fe 148

170 Bar sample - 0. 1 18 inch diam. , 1. 18 inch G. L. 170

302a Forged. 2 inch G. L, 88 9 3Fe 302

316c Extruded - Rb - 96, 3/4 inch diam. wrought bar supplied.

2 inch G. L.

3. 5Fe, 0. 3Si 316

339b 1 hr. at test temp. , 2 inch G. L. Bal 9. 9 339

339c 1 hr. at test temp. , 2 inch G, L. Bal 9. 9

339d 1 hr. at test temp, , 2 inch G. L. Bal 6. 7 339

347 Nominal composition listed, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample -0.505 inch diam., only 1 test at -320° F, 2 inch G. L.

Bal 0. 5 9 0. 5 ~ IFe 347

351 Forged, Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam. , 2 inch G. L. 351

90

80

70

60

50

9 40

30

20

10

^—1

e

[l4t / Jroi led

Li Rolled 0.1 %

^[339 "J

^30Za_ orged

«/ 0.1

7 ^/339 bJ \ —}

/

/'—

8e]Col

, F

d Rolls w

^ L339cJ_

[35Lr

Velded

[339by

[1'tec/

[3

Forged

lec] Exiruderf—-f\^ [I'iai N

<^[I20] —^Hnrii nrawniSf] 4

0

Weided

f7]

100 200 300 TEMPERATURE, "K 400 500

TEMPERATURE, "F -460-400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

9 Die cast - Rg = 24. Bar sample - 6 inches long X 0. 505

inch diam. , 2 inch G. L. H. 5 7. 7 0. 7Fe 9

302b Cast. 2 inch G, L. 38 > 3Fe 302

31bb Die cast, bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam., 2 inch G.L. i9 0 10 1 l.OFe 316

316f Sand cast (double keel blocks) - Rq - 90, 2 inch G. L. 55. 8 11. 1 2. 8Fe, 0. 2Si 316

316g Sand cast - Rq = 88. 2 inch G. L. Bal 10 6 0, 4 3. 6Fe 316

316h Sand cast (double keel blocks) - Rg = 90. Machined

sample, 2 inch G. L. ' 85. 3 10 8 3. 6Fe, 0, ISi 316

316i Sand cast (double keel blocks) - Rg = 86. Machined

sample, 2 inch G. L,

85. 4 10. 1 4. 4Fe, 0. IMn,

0. ISi 316

320a Sand cast. Bar sample - 0. 357 inch diam. , strain rate =

0. 025 inch/inch/minute, held at temp, about 30 minutes

prior to testing, 1. 25 inch G. L.

90. 1 9. 9 320

320b Sand cast. Other specifications same as 320a. 89. 2 7. 9 2.8Fe 320

329 Gravity die cast. Bar sample - 0. 564 inch diam. , 2 inch

G. L.

87, 5 9. 6 0.2 2. 5Fe, 0. IMn 329

4 49a Cast. 88. 9 0. 2 9. 7 0. 6Fe, 0. 4Sn

0, 2Pb

449

4 49b Cast. 94. 9 4. 9 0. IPb, 0. IFe 449

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

c^AST

[4491 1

[IZOb]-

[3e9j

Y302b7_^ [316b]

[ I6i\

n \

^9d]_

[3

[.

..

JiefJ^

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE. °K 500

130
Tensile Reduction of Area of Cu-AI (Aluminum Bronze)

131
Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of Cu-Al (Aluminum Bronze)

Hardness of Cu-Al (Aluminum Bronze)

132
Impact Energy of Cu-AI (Aluminum Bronze)

TEMPERATURE, 'F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

160

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( veight7.l REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other NO.

1 Annealed - 0.036mm. G. S. - Rg = 97, grade D, bar Bupplied - 3/4 inch diam. Charpy V-notch. 957o fracture- all temps. , sample contained in paper boat for 20"K tests.91.0 6. 6 2. IFe 1

75 Annealed, bar supplied - 1 inch diam. Izod. 91. 1 1.0 7. 3 0. 4Mn 75

120 Hard drawn, bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Izod. 89. 6 9. 8

I48a Annealed 1150'F - "quickly" cooled, bar supplied, grade 8. Charpy V-notch. 3 tests/temp.

89. 6 7, 8 2.6Fe 148

I48b Cold rolled 0, 1% - after first annealing 1150'F - then cold drawing 19% - then re-annealing 1150°F and "quickly"

cooling, grade 8. Charpy V-notch. 3 teats/temp.

89. 6 7, 8 2. 6Fe 148

148d Annealed at 1150'F - "quickly" cooled, grade 15. Charpy

V-notch. 3 tests/temp.

87. 2 0. 1 9. 2 0. 4 3. IFe 148

I48e Cold rolled 0. 1% - after first annealing 1150°F - then cold drawing 3% - then re-annealing 1150°F and "quickly"

cooling, grade 15. Charpy V-notch.

87. 2 0. 1 9. 2 0, 4 3. IFe 148

156 Room temp: Vickers hardness = 152 to 172. rolled 5/8" diam. bar supplied, grade B. Charpy keyhole.

156

271a Extruded - Brinell hardness (3000 kgm. ) = 155. grade 8. bar supplied - 2 inch diam. Charpy V-notch.

89. 6 7. 8 2. 6Fe 271

298a Annealed 800°C - 1 hr. - rapidly cooled - after extruding. Charpy V-notch, 89.0 10. 1 298

320c Normalized (quenched from about 700°C). extruded bar

supplied. Izod, sample held at temp. 30 minutes prior

to test.

89. 9 10. 1 320

320e Normalized (quenched from about 700'C), extruded bar

supplied. Izod. sample held at temp. 30 minutes prior

87. 1 10. 1 2. 8Fe 320

320g Hot forged. Izod, sample held at temp. 30 minutes prior 85. 8 10, 0 4. 2Fe 320

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K 500

CURVE

NO, MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

148c Carbon arc welded, nominal composition of weld metal

listed, grade 8. Charpy V-notch. 3 tests/temp.

90. 0 8.0 0, I 1. 4Fe. 0, 4Si 148

148f Carbon arc welded, nominal weld composition listed, bar

supplied, grade 15. Charpy V-notch.

86. 0 9. 4 0, 4 3, 8Fe. 0. 4Si 148

271b Room temp. : U. T. S. = 76. 000 psi - Brinell hardness

(3000 kgm.) = 153, grade 8, plate supplied - 3/8 inch

thick. Charpy V-notch.

90. 7 6, 8 2. Fe 271

271c Room temp. : U. T. S. = 78, 800 psi - Brinell hardness

(3000 kgm.) = 130, grade 8, plate supplied - 3/4 inch

thick. Charpy V-notch.

90. 3 7. 0 0, 2 2. 5Fe 271

320d Stabilized (held at about 500°C), extruded bar supplied.

Izod, sample held at temp. 30 minutes prior to test.

89. 9 10, I 320

320f Stabilized (held at about 500°C). Other specifications same as 320d.

87. 1 10. I 2.8Fe 320

329a Gravity die cast. Unnotched spec-men; 60mm. X 1/4 inch X 1/4 inch.

87. 5 9, 6 0, 2 2. SFe, 0. IMn 329

329b Gravity die cast. Modified Charpy V-notch: 60 X 10 X 10 mm. - 0.25mm. notch radius - 45° V-notch - 2mm. deep.

87. 5 9, 6 0, 2 2. SFe, 0. IMn 329

347 Nominal composition listed, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam, Charpy V-notch sample contained in paper boat for low temp, tests.

Bal 0. 5 9, 0 0, 5 ~ l.OFe 347

365a As cast. Modified Charpy V-notch: 10 X 10 X 60mm. - 0.25mm, notch radius - 45' V-notch - 2mm. deep, sample

at temperature 1/2 hr. prior to test.

Bal 10, I 365

365b Cast - then heated to 950°C - water quenched. Other

specifications same as 365a. Bal 10, 1 365

365c Cast - then heated to 950'C - furnace cooled. Other

specifications same as 365a. Bal 10, 1 365

365d Cast - then heated to 950'C - individually water quenched. Other specifications same as 365a. Bal 10, 1 365

457a Assumed type, Mesnager: U-notch: 0.079 inch deep X

0. 079 inch wide; cross section - 0. 394 X 0. 394 inch, point data not presented by author.

90. 0 9, 8 0. 2Fe 457

457b Specifications same as 457a. 88. 5 7, 5 3. 7Fe, 0. 2Mn,

0. ISn 457

TEMPERATURE, "F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

160 t

150

140

130

120

1 10

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

[457b]^^

y[2^ ^fxt

ic]

'udedlb] idtd

"[457^ 7

—Cas

1

[l4t Weld

Jc]. ad \ [365

Heale

f>] Cos

i , Quenctiad [329

Cast

f] ^

650]

I- Cast

^[347]

,[36tidj Co ed.OvSt, tncltti f'4i -Anne Tt»d

jHeal

If-

&d [365c] q 1 Cost, Htaied

; ^[320d] Af«d^ ' ^320ff^g

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K 500

133
Fatigue Behavior of Cu-Al (Aluminum Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF

NO, Cu Zn Sn Ai Ni Other

56a Drawn 10%. room temp.: U. T. S. = 93. 000 psi - Y. S. ^ 53.00C

psi (0. 2% offset) , bar supplied -0. 565 inch diam. Bar

sample - 4 inches long - 0.5 inch diam. reduced to 0.3 inch diam. in center - polished 4/0 emery paper, rotating canti lever (Krause).

87. 8 9, 6 2.0Fe. 0. 5Te 56

56b Notched Ban. pie; 0. 30 inch diam. at notch - 60° V-notch. Other specifications same aa 56a.87. 8 9. 6 2. OFe. 0. 5Te 56

*124a Heated 850*C - water 4uenched - then tempered at 625°C - slowed cooled, room temp. : U. T. S. = 80. 000 psi - Brinell hardness = 150. Bar sample - 0, 275 inch diam. , rotating beam - 2200 c.p.m.89. 5 1.4 8. 9 0.2Fe 124

1 24b Tested in salt spray (3% salt in water). Other specifi- cations same as 124a.89. 5 1.4 8. 9 0. 2Fe 124

211a Rolled room temp.: U.T.S. = 71,900 psi. Bar sample - 0. 3 to 0.4 inch diam. . rotating cantilever - 1800 r.p.m., R = -1, data spread = ± 9%.

94. 3 5. 6 211

211b Rolled, room temp. : U. T. S. = 86, 800 psi. Data spread = ± 7%. Other specifications same as 2 11a.90. 8 9. 1 211

211c Rolled, room temp. : U. T. S. = 83, 400 psi. Data spread - ± 7%. Other specifications same as 2 11a.89. 9 10. 0 211

211d Annealed 1200°F - 60 minutes - furnace cooled, room

temp. : U.T.S, = 62,300 psi. Data spread = ± 2%. Other

specifications same as 211a.

89. 9 10. 0 211

<lle Rolled, room temp. : U. T. S. = 99, 000 psi. Data spread = ± b%. Other specifications same as 211a.

86. 7 10. 4 2. 9Fe 211

211f Alternating torsion - 2140 c.p.m., R = -1, data spread = ± 2%. Other specifications same as 211a.

94. 3 5. 6 211

211g Rolled, room temp. : U. T. S. = 86, 800 psi. Other

specifications same as 21 If.

90. 8 9. 1 211

211h Rolled, room temp. : U. T. S. = 83. 400 psi. Alternating

torsion - 2140 c, p. m., R = -1, data spread = ± 6%.

89. 9 10. 0 211

211i Rolled, room temp.: U.T.S. = 99.000 psi. Alternating

torsion - 2140 c.p.m.. R - -1. data spread = ± 2%.

86. 7 10. 4 i. 9Fe 211

231b Cast. Bar sample -0.375 inch diam. - polished, rotating beam (B. R.Moore) - 1500r.p.m. . R = -1, data spread = ±2%.

90. 2 9. 8 231

231c Cast, then heated 1650*F- water quenched - reheated to 1200°F- 1/2 hr. - furnace cooled. Other specifications same as 231b.

90. 2 9. 8 231

80 x 10'

10° lO' 10° FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

CURVE

NO, MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION {*e»ght%) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

231a Aged, heated IbSO'F- water quenched - then reheated 1 1 50°K

1/2 hr. - furnace cooled, room temp.: U. T. S. = 77, 530 psi- Rq - 104, extruded bar supplied. Bar sample - 0.375 inch diam. - polished, rotating beam [R. R. Moore) - 1 500 r.p.m. . R - - 1, data spread = ± 1%.

89. 8 10. 1 0- 1 Fe 231

231d Aged, condition specifications same as 231a, Notched

sample: 0. 371 inch diam. at notch - 0. 010 inch notch radius {K_ - 4. 3). 60° notch angle. Test specifications same as

2313.

89. 8 10. 1 0. IFe 231

347 Nominal composition listed. 3/4 inch diam. bar supplied. Bar sample - 0. 5 inch diam. - "highly" polished reduced

section, reciprocating cantilever beam (Krause).

Bal 0. 5 9. 0 0. 5 - IFe 347

140

I 30

120

I 10

I 00

Q. 90

w"S

«° w 70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

X lU

[3/

47] 1. / 15 'K (- loa •F)

[34? 321 •/ i

u

/

>

7]Z9 r ( \\

/"

K

/>- 2iMo] t 15'

K

iged (72' F)

[231 29.5'l Ag

< ( ed, N

72'F

otche

) d

rem/

or

)er

e otu

resres sit Ten own

p's

10' 10* FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

134
Creep Behavior of Cu-Al (Aluminum Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) HEF

NO. Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

320h Sand caot. Sample - 5 incheo long - 0. 1 square inch re- duced aection. ± 0,0001 inch extenBometer flenaitivity, conatant load, teat data taken after 5 daye under load.

320i Normalized (heated 825"C - 1 hr, - air cooled). Other

apec if icationa aame aa 320h,

320

320j Normalized and held 4 weeka at 250*C, Other apecificationa aame aa 320h. 89.5 10. 5

320k Stabilized (heated 500*C - 3 days - slowly cooled). Other

apecificationa aame aa 320h.

89. 5 10 5 320

320

1

Specificatione aame as 320h. 86. 9 9. 7 3. 4Fe 320

320m Specifications aame as 320i. 87. 1 10. I 2.8Fe 320

320n Normalized. Held 3 weeks at 250'C. Other specifications aame aa 320h.

87. 1 10. 1 2. 8Fe 320

320o Specifications same as 320k. 87. 1 10. 1 2. 8Fe 320

320p Teat dau taken after 40 days under load. Other specifi- cations aame aa 320i.

87. 1 10. 1 2. 8Fe 320

320q Teat data taken after 40 daya under load. Other specifi- cations same as 320k, 87. 1 10. 1 2. 8Fe 320

320 r Teat data uken after 40 daya under load. Other specifi- cationa aame aa 320k.

87. 1 10. 1 2. 8Fe 320

320 a Teat dau uken after 40 daya under load. Other apecifi- 89. 5 10. 5 320

320t Teat dau taken after 40 daya under load. Other apecifi- cationa aame aa 320J.

89. 5 10. 5 320

320u Teat data taken after 40 daye under load. Other apecifi- cationa aame as 320k.

89. 5 10. 5 320

1.0 0.8 06

0.4

0.2

0.1 10"' 10 10 \<5 10'' 10" CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

Modulus of Elasticity of Cu-Al (Aluminum Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATEIUAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight?.) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

la Ajmealed - 0.036mm. G. S, - Rg = 97, grade D. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section: 1. 5 inches long X 0. 25 inch diam, , Young'a modulua derived from stress vs. strain curves. 1 inch C. L,

91.0 6. 6 2. IFe 1

92 Annealed 850'C - 1/2 hr. - air cooled - after cold drawing. Bal 0. 1 9.8 0. 5 3. 9Fe. 3. OMn 92

120 Hard drawn, bar supplied - 1/2 inch diam. Bar aample - 0, 375 inch diam.

89. 6 9. 8 0. 6Fe 120

316c Extruded - Rg = 96, 3/4 inch wrought bar supplied. 86. 3 9, 5 3. 5Fe. 0. 3Si 316

316a njuiealed - Rg = 83 - after extruding and drawing. Bar

aample.

87. 2 0. 1 9. 2 0. 4 3. IFe 316

3l6e Annealed - Rg = 81 - after extruding and drawing. Bar 89. 6 7. 8 2.6Fe 316

316f Sand caat (double keel blocka) - Rg = 90. Machined aample. 8 5. 8 11. 1 2.8Fe. 0.2Si 316

316h Sand caat (double keel blocka) - Rg = 90. Machined aample. 85. 3 10. 8 3. 6Fe, 0. ISi 316

316i Sand caat (double keel blocks) -Rg = 66. Machined sample. 85.4 10. 1 4. 4Fe, 0. IMn

0. ISi 316

347 Nominal composition listed, tiar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar aample - 0. 505 inch diam. , aame specimen used at both tempa.

Bal 0. 5 9 0. 5 ~ 1. OFe 347

TEMPERATURE, "F -400 -300 - 200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

24 i

20

I 8

I 6

I 2

10

10'' _i 1

']

0 < 6e] A nnealt d

0

so] Hard Di

1 /[316a] i oown

0 1

\laj' Annealed A

316] h-1

Cast \—

[3l6t] Cos

[92] ^nneo led

'16c] Extru UL-3,6f] Cast y

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K 500

135
Tensile and Yield Strength of Cu-Al-Ni (Nickel Aluminum Bronze)

TEMPERATURE, "F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( »eight7.) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn Ai Ni Other

754 Annealed 900°C - quenched. Bar sample - 0.25 inch diam. . yield point.

92. 3 1. 7 5.9 75

91 Annealed 850'C - 1/2 hr. - air cooled - alter cold drawing.

Y.S. - 0.2% offset.

Bal 10. 2 4. 7 4. IFe, 0. IMn 91

92 Annealed 850'*C - 1/2 hr. - air cooled - after cold drawing.

1. S. - 0. 2% offset.

Bal 10. 5 4. 8 3. 6Fe 92

146a Annealed 1150°F - "quickly" cooled, grade 45. Bar samplereduced section: 2 inches long X 0. 505 inch diam. - polished with 00 emery cloth, Y.S. - 0. 5% offset.

81.2 0. 1 10. 1 4. 8 3.0Fe, 0.8Mn 148

148b Cold roUed 0. 1% - after first annealing 1150°F - then cold drawing 37e - then re-annealing 1150°F and "quickly"

cooling. Other specifications same as 148a.

81.2 0. 1 10. 1 4. 8 3.0Fe, 0.8Mn 148

316b Annealed - Rg = 104. Bar sample, Y.S. - 0.2% offset. Bal 9. 7 4. 8 2.6Fe, l.OMn 316

316c Hot rolled, sheet supplied. Y.S. - 0. 2% offset. 82. 3 9.4 5. 0 2. 4Fe, 0. 9Mn 316

316d Annealed - R^ = 95 - after extruding and drawing, bar

supplied. Y. 5^ - 0. 5% offset.

81.2 0. 1 10. 1 4; 8 3.0Fe, 0.8Mn 316

150

140

130

120

110

100

'w 90

0'^

TENS

YIELC

48a] Apnea /' ed

0

/[316b 7^[9ljA

/ Anr ealed

nnealed SlSdjAnnedied

[316 bj Ann 9aled^ Cold Rollecr

H

[316c

of Ro 7-—

5

Ued-*

\

/ Cold

148 b]

Rolte io.1%

nneali %

a.

[316 c IdRol

i] V edai% \\

~[75o7 Annealed

1 "~ ~ \

AnnWo]^faled \

\

^r- ^

)j3l6c

( / Hot nolle

\

c

>

5a] Ai 'nealet1

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

500

136
Tensile Elongation of Cu-Al-Ni (Nickel Aluminum Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERLAl. AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF,

Cu Zn Sn At N. Other

la Sand cast - 0.025mm. C. S. - Rb = 93. Bar nample - re- duced flection: 1. 5 inches long X 0. 247 inch diam. , croaa- head speed = 0.02 inch/minute, 1 incli C. L.

Bal 10. 0 &. I 3. 4Fe. 0. 3Mn I

75a Annealed at 900'C - quenched. Bar sample - 0. 25 Inch diam. , 2 inch G. L.

92. 3 I. 7 5, 9 75

75b Ajinealed at 900"C - quenched - then reheated at 550*C for

2 hro. Bar sample -0.25 inch diam. , 2 inch C. L.

92. 3 1. 7 5. 9 75

91 Annealed 850'C - 1/2 hr. - air cooled - after cold drawing. 1. 97 inch G. L. Bal -

10. 2 4. 7 4. 1F«, 0. IMn 91

92 Annealed 850'C - 1/2 hr. - air cooled - after cold drawing.

2 inch G. L. Bal 10. 5 4. 8 3. 6Fe 92

148a Annealed 1150'F - "quickly" cooled, grade 45. Bar

sample - reduced section: 2 inches long X 0. 605 inch diam.

polished with 00 emery cloth, Z inch C. L.

81.2 0. 1 10. 1 4. 8 3.0Fe, 0.8Mn 148

148b Cold rolled 0. 1% - after first annealing 1150'*F - then cold drawing 3% - then re-annealing 1150*F and "quickly"

cooling. Other specifications same as 148a.

81.2 0. 1 10. 1 4. 8 3.0Fe, 0.8Mn 148

148c Heated 1650'F - water quenched - then aged at 1200"F - air cooled. Other specifications same as 148a. 81.2 0. 1 10. 1 4. 8 3.0Fe, 0.8Mn 148

146d Carbon arc welded, nominal weld composition listed. Other specifications same as 148a.

82. 4 8. 8 4. 6 3. OFe, 0. 5Si,

0. SMn

148

316« Sand cast (double keel block) - = 96. Machined sample,

2 inch G. L.

79. 7 11.5 4. 5 4. 3Fe, 0. ISl 316

316b Annealed - = 104. Bar sample, 2 inch G. L. Bal 9. 7 4. 8 1. OMn, 2. 6Fe 316

316c Hot rolled. Sheet sample, 2 inch C. X.. 82. 3 9. 4 5. 0 2. 4Fe, 0. 9Mn 316

Annealed - Rg = 95.- after extruding and drawing. Bar

sample, 2 inch G. L.

81. 2 0. 1 10. 1 4. 8 3. OFe. 0. 8Mn

320a Sand cast. Bar sample - 0. 357 inch diam. , strain rate = 0.025 inch/inch/minute, held about 30 minutes at temp,

prior to test, temp, control about 2 to 3' C, 1.25 inch G. L.

79. 0 9. 6 5. 7 5. 6Fe 320

329 Gravity die cast. Bar sample - 0. 564 inch diam. , 2 inch

G. h.

80. 2 9. 5 5.0 5. 2Fe 329

TEMPERATURE, "F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

80

70

60

50

. 40

<O 30

20

10

—

c [7Soj Annt iltd A

9/ Ci n

'5b] A

—

r

c

g»d

[MBaJ Anni

/Hoi

ol*d16c] RolU

{316b] Annoc

d_

iisa —to/ff no/i

1 ed-j

[3t6dj nnsal

1. »c

' 1

[9lj Id Dr\

1 7asl

td

0

c [14a

Waldt [3l6qy [sJy]

Casl\ Cold Drown 100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K

500

Tensile Reduction of Area of Cu-Al-Ni (Nickel Aluminum Bronze)

CURVE

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION ( »eight%) REF,

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other NO.

la Sand cast - 0.025mm. G. S. - Rg = 93, bar supplied - 3/4

inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section: 1. 5 inches long X 0.247 inch reduced diam . . croeshead speed = 0.02 inch/ minute.

Bal 10. 0 5. 2 3. 4Fe, 0. 3Mn 1

75a Annealed at 900°C - quenched. Ba.- sample - 0. 25 inch diam 92. 3 1.7 5. 9 75

7 5b Annealed at 900°C - quenched - reheated at 550*C - 2 hrs. Bar sample - 0. 25 inch diam.

92. 3 1. 7 5.9 75

91 Annealed 850'C - 1/2 hr. - air cooled - after cold drawing. Bal 10. 2 4. 7 4. IFe, 0. IMn 91

92 Annealed 850'C - 1/2 hr. - air cooled - after cold drawing. Bal 10. 5 4. 8 3.6Fe 92

316a Sand cast (double keel blocks) - Rg = 96. Machined sample. 79. 7 11. 5 4. 5 4. 3Fe, 0. ISi 316

316b Annealed bar - Rg = 104. Bal 9. 7 4. 8 2. 6Fe, 0. IMn 316

316c Hot rolled, sheet supplied. 82. 3 9. 4 5. 0 2. 4Fe, 0. 9Mn 316

316d Annealed - Rg = 95 - after extruding and cold drawing. 81.2 0. 1 10. 1 4. 8 3. OFe. 0.8Mn 316

TEMPERATURE, "F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100

90

80

70

60

50

I-o

Q 40

30

20

7 Ant aalad

c — -p.[75c o—c

J Agt d

''316(0 Annedied

1 [31611, 316c] —\—Annaalad,—

\ Hoi Rolled M Xnnoal \s^^Ann»altd

\ldj —

\ Cast L3lt9J t-ttSl

1

1 100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K

137
Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of Cu-Al-Ni (Nickel Aluminum Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%| REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

la Sand cast - 0.036mm. G. S. - Rg = 93, bar BuppUed - 3/4

inch diam. Bar sa.-nple - reduced section: 1. 5 inches long X 0. 247 inch reduced dia.m. , crosshedd speed = 0.02 inch/

Bal 10. 0 5.2 3. 4Fe, 0. 3Mn 1

160 > I

150

140

130

120

I 10

100

« 90

Q.

tf) 80

(TV> 70

60

50

40

30

20

101

4 "K-

,(-452 'F) 20 °K (-423 'F)

I9S •'KF) —76 ° (-323 '

>< /

F) />

y(-IOe '

,^^^29

(72 °F)

[la] USt

1 There were several .•mall

\ Slips in elastic part of

j M« 4' curve (about 0.0002

1 inchas/inch with vtrv little

1 ^'tod dropSi

0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 STRAIN, inches per inch

Hardness of Cu-Al-Ni (Nickel Aluminum Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weights.) REF.

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

148a Annealed IISO'F - "quickly" cooled, grade 45. Bar sample - reduced section: I mches long X 0. 505 inch diam. - polished

with 00 emery cloth. Brinell hardness - 10mm Carboloy

ball - 3000 Kgm. load.

81.2 0. 1 10. 1 4. 8 3.0Fe, 0.8Mn 148

148b Cold rolled 0. 17. - after first annealing 1150*F - then cold drawing 3% - then re-annealing 1150°F and "quickly"

cooling. Other specifications same as HSa.

81.2 0, 1 10. I 4.8 3. OFe, 0. 8Mn 148

14ec Heated 1650*F - water quenched - then aged at 1200*F - air cooled. Other specifications same as I48a.81. 2 0, 1 10. 1 4. 8 3. OFe, 0. 8Mn 148

148d Carbon arc welded, nominal weld composition listed. Other specifications same as 148a.

82. 4 8.8 4. 6 3. OFe, O.SMn,

0. 5Si 148

TEMPERATURE, "F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

300

290

280

270

260

250

240

Si 230

Ei 220

<A

lA% 210

T3^ 200

190

180

170

160

150

140

48cJ Aged

48a,

Anneal

Id Ho

I48bj

ed, < Co lied 0 1 %

Yl4edj tfeIded

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, "K 500

138
Impact Energy of Cu-Al-Ni (Nickel Aluminum Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (welghl7>) BEF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

1 Sand cast -0.036mm. G. S. - = 93. Charpy V-notch, samples fractured completely, sample contained in paper

boat for -423*F tests.

Bal 10. 0 5. 2 3. 4Fe, 0. 3Mn 1

75a Annealed at 900 °C - quenched. Izod. 92. 3 1 . 7 5. 9 75

75b Annealed at 900*C - quenched - then reheated 2 hrs. at 550*C. Izod.

92. 3 1. 7 5.9 75

14Sa Annealed 1150'F - "quickly" cooled, grade 45, Izod sample, 3 tests/temp. 81.2 0. 1 10. 1 4. 8 3.0Fe, O.SMn 148

148b Cold rolled 0. 1% - after first annealing 1150T - then cold drawing 3% - then re-annealing 1150T - and "quickly"

cooling, grade 45. Izod sample, 3 tests/temp.

81.2 0. 1 10. 1 4. 8 3.0Fe, O.SMn 148

148c Heated 1650*F - water quenched - then aged at 1200'F - air cooled, grade 45. Izod sample, 3 tests/temp.81. 2 0. 1 10. 1 4. 8 3.0Fe. 0.8Mn 148

148d Carbon arc welded, nominal weld composition listed, grade 45. Izod sample, 3 tests/temp.82. 4 8. 8 4. 6 3.0Fe, 0.8Mn,

0. 5Si 148

320b Hot forged. Izod, held 30 minutes at temp, prior to test. 88. 2 9.9 1. 5 0. 3Fe 320

320c Hot forged. Izod, held 30 minutes at temp, prior to test. 87. 7 9. 3 2.0 1. OFe 320

329a Gravity die cast. Unnotched sample - 2.36 inches X 1/4

inch X 1/4 inch.

80. 2 9. 5 5. 0 5. 2Fe 329

329b Gravity die cast. Notched specimen = 60 X 10 X 10mm. - V notch: 2nim, deep with 0. 25mm. root radius.

80. 2 9. 5 5. 0 6. 2Fe 329

TEMPERATURE. "F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 5O0 80

70

60

50

I 40

30

20

10

^[75 ij An

/\V ^3290 CatI

l75b] A

/[320

Hot /irgtd

[iB9b]^

isl —

0 — \

c K y

~[l4t Anns

\nneat innea [.==d ad

NN _ _

-ast Anna

njaled

^[320bJ

Hot Porg9C

1 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, "K

Fatigue Behavior of Cu-Al-Ni (Nickel Aluminum Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION {weight%l BEF

NO, Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

84 Smooth samples, rotating beam {R. R.Moore) - 12,000

r. p. m.

Bl. 8 9. 9 4. 7 2. 9Fe, 0. 7Mn 84

124a As forged, room temp. : U. T. S. = 1 16, 000 psi - Y S. = 73, 500 psi (0. 1% otfsetl - Brinell hardness = 226. Bar

sample - 0,275 inch diam. , rotating beam - 2200 c. p. m.

79. 8 9. 7 5. 0 5. 4Fe 124

I24b 3% salt in HaO atmosphere produced by spraying sample

during test. Other specifications same as 124a.

79. 0 9. 7 5. 0 5. 4Fe 124

70

60

50

30

20

10

Ro(. m Temper ure

.[84j

'[I2A o] A Forg, \d

D2 As / iI0« 10' 10* 10* FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

261-278 0-67—10 139
Creep Behavior of Cu-Al-Ni (Nickel Aluminum Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (*eighl%) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

320d Sand cast. Sample - 5 inches long X 0. 1 square inch reduced section. ± 0.0001 inch extensometer sensitivity, constant load, data obtained after 5 days under load.

520

320e Extruded. Other specifications same as 3a0d. 80. 4 9. 9 4^ 9 5. OFe 320

320f Data obtained after 40 days under load. Other spec ificationf same as 320e.

80. 4 9. 9 4. 9 5. OFe 320 20

iLl cr\^ 2

1.0 08

06

04

02

0.1

^-WJ—k-^ 4 1

1 1

1 mC - AOS Oc

[ Of] L ~xfr jdt

[320i1JCast -J^

truQ

10"' 10'' 10"' 10"' 10'' CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

10-"

Modulus of Elasticity of Cu-Al-Ni (Nickel Aluminum Bronze)

CURVE

NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

COMPOSITION (weight%) REF

NO. Cu Zn Sn Ai Ni Other

la Sand cast - 0. 036mm. G. S. - Rg = 93. bar supplied - 3/4

inch diam. Bar sample - reduced section: 1. 5 inches long X 0. 250 inch diam. , Young's modulus derived from stress

vs. strain curves, 1 inch G. L.

Bal 10. 0 5. 2 3 4Fe. 0. 3Mn 1

91 Annealed 850°C - 1/2 hr. - air cooled - after cold drawing. Bal 10.2 4. 7 4, IFe. 0. IMn 91

92 Annealed 850°C - 1/2 hr. - air coolfid - after cold drawing. Bal 10.5 4. 8 3. 6Fe 92

316a Sand cast (double keel blocks) - Rg = 96, Machined sample. 79. 7 11.5 4. 5 4. 3Fe. 0. ISi 316

316d Annealed bar - Rp = 95. Bal 0. 1 10. 1 4. 8 3. OFe. 0.8Mn 316

TEMPERATURE, "F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

25

24

23

22

21

20

19

w 18

a.

17

16

15

14

13

12

I I

I 0

10'^ 1 1 1

' Am ealed

[. nneale A

1

[9

Anneci0

'

/ed

Oo] <

oA Cast

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, °K 500

140
Section III

Classification, using tables, of reliable investigations

which could not be included in Section II because of

its format.

Contents

Page

1. Reference guide for review papers 143

2. Reference guide for experimental papers — copper 144

3. Reference guide for experimental papers — copper 145

4. Reference guide for experimental papers — brass 146

5. Reference guide for experimental papers — phosphor bronze, aluminum bronze, coppernickel 147

6. Reference guide for experimental papers — other alloys 148

7. Reference guide for experimental papers — many alloys in one investigation 149

141

1. Reference Guide for Review Papers

Subject References

Including most copper alloys 51,

52, 63, 68, 103, 111, 117, 144, 189, 199, 218, 225, 239, 251, 265, 280, 287, 295, 298,

308, 309, 310, 316, 317, 318, 321-324, 330, 337, 339, 345, 411, 419, 426, 437.

Including only copper 2, 274, 429

Including only one specific property 18, 67, 83, 91, 121, 130, 259, 427
2. Reference Guide for Experimental Papers — Copper

ALLOY TYPE OF

TEST

TEMPERATURES OF TEST EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLES, EFFECT OF

SINGLE CRYSTALS

USED

Ambient High Low

Cold WorkIrradiation Heating, Annealing

Testing ParametersChemistry.

Atmosphere,

Surface

Flow

Stress Measured

Copper

High

purity

Tensile

3, 34, 35, 1 57, 200, 237, 275,

325, 408, 431

196, 409 35, 48

196, 227,

333, 360, 361

237, 275, 32534, 361 408 157, 196, 360 3 35, 48, 200, 227,

361, 409

3, 34, 35, 48, 196, 227. 275

325, 361. 431

OFHC 8, 15, 151, 208,

219, 221, 370

8, 203, 205,344

203, 207

8, 151 221

8 8, 205, 207, 208, 344

8 205

Variety 290 3 68 368 290 290, 368

Not

Reported

19, 37, 53, 100,

147, 177, 185,

i7J, l7^, ^DD, 278, 284, 297,

304, 315, 319,

349, 372, 380,

382, 385, 388,

396, 398, 410,

413, 444, 446,

458, 461

50, 256, 354,391,50, 288, 53,100,

185,

304,

349,

380, 388

349,382, 388,396

185, 278 37, 185, 193,

194, 255, 256,

7 Q. A 7 Ql lit

319, 372, 391, 446, 458

256, 385, 413

50, 3 54 37, 177, 354, 388, 398, 410, 446

OFHC

Compres - sion

8 8

Not

Reported

5, 70, 257 5 5,142

70 5

High

purity

Torsion

34, 36, 1 16, 138, 197, 276

140 140 34, 140, 197

36, 197 276 36 34, 36, 116,

138, 197, 276 OFHC 15, 450

Not Reported

396 396

impact 248 248

High

purity

Hardness

OFHC 8, 25, 70, 237,

382, 418

8, 432 8,237 25, 382 8, 70

Not Reported393, 396 415 393, 396
3. Reference Guide for Experimental Papers — Copper

ALLOY TYPE OF

TEST

TEMPERATURES OF TEST EXPERIMENTAL VARL^BLES, EFFECT OF

SINGLE CRYSTALS

USED Ambient High Low

Cold Wo rk

Irradiation Heating Annealing

Testing Parameters

Chemistry,

Atmosphere,

Surface

Flow

Stress Measured

(cont.

High

purity

32 5 325

OFHC 8, 62, 74, 1 35, 219, 220, 326,

342, 453

2,8, 344 8,135 8 2 62, 326

Not Reported

30, 65, 97, 114,

136, 160, 331, 414, 428, 434,

435, 462

30, 160 30, 65, 428, 434

136, 414,

434, 435

OFHC Creep

14, 245, 340 8, 23, 110,

151, 205,

344, 443

14,151, 245

340 450

Variety 290, 307, 390 290, 307 390 290, 307

Not

Reported

31, 305, 346 31, 32

154,

161, 224, 313,

389, 416, 440

346 154, 161, 245

32, 305 224

High

purity

Elastic Modulus

99, 1 67, 168, 244, 402

139 47, 96

158,

1 59, 167,

168, 244, 312

364, 448

96 47, 158, 159,

167,

168, 312 448

448 99 244, 312,

364, 402

OFHC 76,221,293 76, 221, 293293

Not Reported

181, 186,243, 268 299 315

348. 375, 392, 406

181, 186

243,

348, 406

392 181, 186, 299 375 268 315

Not Reported

Shear Modulus

262 94 94
4. Reference Guide for Experimental Papers — Brass

ALLOY TYPE OF

TEST

TEMPERATURES OF TEST EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLES, EFFECT OF

SINGLE CRYSTALS

USED Ambient High Low

Cold WorkIrradiation Heating Annealing

Testing Parameters

Chemistry,

Atmosphere,

Surface

Flow

Stress Measured

Brass

(Cu-Zn) Cu-Zn

Tensile

102, 166, 201, 417

415 107, 227

102, 166 417

102, 417 107, 166, 227 227

Cu-20Zn 240 240 240 Cu-30Zn 157 219 277

284, 296, 369, 374

137 240 3 74 157 2 77 284, 296 369

Cu-35Zn 404, 464 105 464 464 404 404 Cu-35Zn3Pb

400

Cu-41Zn2Pb

334, 458 334, 458

Cu-49Zn 335

Cu-Zn

Torsion

102 102, 140

102 140

Cu-30Zn 69 69

Cu-35Zn 464 464 464

Cu-Zn

Impact

102 102 102

Cu-35Zn3Pb

248 2 48

Cu-Zn

Hardness

98, 102 240, 415

102 102 98

Cu-30Zn 17 137 17 17 137

Cu-35Zn 464 464 464

Cu-Zn

Fatigue

166, 178, 220, 417

336 166, 417 417 178 166, 220, 336

Cu-30Zn 42, 123, 219, 342

39, 41, 42, 344

39 41, 42 123

Cu-40Zn 306

Creep

109 107 107, 109

Cu-30Zn 277 41, 344

41 277

Cu-35Zn 105 106

Cu-30Zn

Elastic Modulus

76 76

Cu-35Zn 383, 412 383, 412

383, 412

Cu-Zn

Modulus

183, 184 183, 184

183 183, 184
5. Reference Guide for Experimental Papers —

Phosphor Bronze, Aluminum Bronze, Copper-Nickel

ALLOY TYPE OF

X EST

TEMPERATURES OF TEST EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLES, EFFECT OF

SINGLE CRYSTALS

USED Ambient High Low

Cold Wo rk Irradiation Heating Annealing

Testing Parameters

Chemistry,

Atmosphere,

Surface

Flow

Strese Measured

Phosphor

Cu-Sn

Tensile

405 40 5 40 5

Cu,

3 -8Sn

80 80 80

Cu -5Sn 44, 80 44 44 44

Cu. 3-8Sn

Hardness

80 80 80

Cu -8Sn FatigueIZZ 122

Elastic Modulus

162 162

Cu-4i5Sn 43 43

Cu-4.5Sn

Shear Modulus

43 43

Alumi -

Bronze

Cu-A-t

Tensile

13, 169, 219,

358, 381, 397 267 267

332 397 169, 267 13,381 13, 267, 332,

3S8, 381

169, 397

Cu-Al

Hardness

13, 98 267 267 267 13 13, 98, 267

Cu-A4

Fatigue

219, 246 222, 235

222 222, 235 246 235

Cu-Al

Creep

222,

2 50 222 222

Cu-oA-t 90,377, 378.

90, 377, 378

CopperNickel Cu-NiTensile

3 58 3 58

Cu-20Ni

Fatigue

123 123

Cu-Ni

Creep

390 2 50 2 50

Cu-Ni

Elastic Modulus

303, 447 303, 447 447

Cu-40Ni 352
6. Reference Guide for Experimental Papers — Other Alloys

ALLOY TYPE OF

TEST

TEMPERATURES OF TEST EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLES, EFFECT OF

SINGLE

Ambient High Low

Cold WorkIrradiation Heating Annealing

Testing Parameters

Chemistry,

Atmosphere,

Surfac e

Flow

Stress Mea su r ed

CRYSTALS

USED

Other

Alloys Cu,Be,Cr

Tensile

401 401 401

Cu, Be, Co

lb, in, Z97 26, 269

269 269 297 277

Cu, Ge 132 132 132 132

Cu, Ga 132 132 132 132

Cu, Zn, Fe, Si Zb 26

Cu, 5-30

Ni, 30-55

77 77 77

Cu-23Zn4Al-3Fe8 1 B 1 8 1

Cu-24Zn -

3Fe

93 93 93

Cu, Zr 373, 399

Cu, Be

Impact

269 269 269 269

Cu, Be

Ha rdnes s 46 46

Cu.Be.Cr 40 1 40 1 40 1

Cu, 5-30

Ni, 30-55 Zn

77 77 77

Cu-3Ni

ISi

451 451

Cu-23Zr4A1 -3Fe

Fatigue

81 81 81

Cu -26Zn - 18Ni

122 122

Cu-2Be 341 341

Creep

277 277

Cu, Ni, Zn

Elastic Modulus

127 127

Cu, 45- 50Zn223 223

Cu, Be

Shear Modulus

262
Reference Guide for Experimental Papers — Many Alloys in One Investigation

ALLOY TYPE OF

TEST

TEMPERATURE OF TEST EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLES, EFFECT OF

SINGLE CRYSTALS

USED Ambient High

Cold Work

Irradi

Heating Annea ling Testing Chemietry, Atmo 8ph ere, Surfac c

Flow

Meaftured Many Cu

Alloys Tensile 49, 86, 112, 294, 384, 430

82, 155

1 55 49, ^94, 430

1 12, 294, 384

Compres - sion 394 155 1 55

Impact 155 155

Fatigue 86, 206 155 206

Creep 73, 228 228 73

Elastic Modulus 238, 303 1 75 175, 238, 303

149

Section IV

List of References

151

List of References

1. NBS Institute for Materials Research, Cryogenics Division, Boulder,

Colo., Experimental data obtained on contract for International Copper Research Association and Copper Development Association (1965).

2. Achter, M. R., Mechanical behavior of metals in vacuum (Inst. En- vironmental Sci. Proc, 1963), p. 385.

3. Achter, M. R., Danek, Jr., G. J., Smith, H. H., Effect on fatigue of gaseous environments under varying temperature and pressure. Trans. AIME 227, 1296 (1963).

4. Adams, M. A., The plastic behavior of copper crystals containing

zinc in the surface layer. Acta Met. 6, 327 (1958). Adams, M. A., Higgins, P. R. B., The hardening of copper by neutron

irradiation, Phil. Mag. 4, 777 (1959)-[Ref. 433].

5. Alder, J. F., Phillips, V. A., The effect of strain rate and temperature on the resistance of aluminum, copper, and steel to compression,

J. Inst. Metals 83, 80 (1955).

6. Alers, G. A., Thompson, D. O., Dislocation contributions to the modulus

and damping in copper at megacycle frequencies, J. Appl. Phys.

32,283(1961).

Alers, G. A., Zimmerman, J. E., Dislocation mobility in fee metals below

1 °K, Phys. Rev. 139, A414 (1965)-[Ref. 364].

7. Allen, N. P., Recent European work on the mechanical properties

of metals at low temperatures, NBS Circ. 520 (1952), p. 1. 8. American Metal Co., Ltd., OFHC Brand Copper (American Metal

Co., Ltd., New York, 1957).

9. Am. Sac. Mech. Engr., Am. Soc. Testing Mat., Compilation of Avail- able High Temperature Creep Characteristics of Metals and

Alloys (1938). Amfiteatrova, T. A., Yampdol'sky, B. Ya., Deformation of metals at low stresses. II — Influence of adsorption-active media on creep

of copper and aluminum, Phys. Metals MetaOog. 7, #5, 130(1959)-

[Ref. 413].

10. Anderson, A. R., Swan, E. F., Palmer, E. W., Fatigue tests on some

copper aUoys, Proc. ASTM 46, 678 (1946).

11. Anderson, A. R., Smith, C. S., Fatigue tests on some copper alloys, Proc. ASTM 41, 849 (1941).

12. Argent, B. B., The tensile properties of the alpha brasses, J. Inst. Met. 93,460(1965).

13. Awada, M. Iwano, N., Tanisawa, H., Yosida, S., Yamagata, K., Mechanical properties of castings of aluminum bronzes, S. Japan

Foundrymen's Soc, Imono, 32, 948 (1960).

14. Azhazha, V. M., Gindin, I. A. Starodubov, Ya. D., Shapoval, B. I., Influence of deformation at low temperatures on creep and internal

friction of copper, Fiz. Metal. Metallov. 15, 729(1963).

15. Backofen, W. A., Shaler, A. J., Hundy, B. B., Mechanical anisotropy

in copper. Trans. ASM 46, 655 (1954).

16. Bailey, A. R., The fracture characteristics of brass in impact at at- mospheric and elevated temperatures, J. Inst. Metals 89, 339

(1961).

17. Baird, €., Jennings, P. H., The effect of low-temperature annealing on the indentation hardness of cold-worked alpha-brass, J. Inst. Metals 89, 191 (1960-61).

18. Baker. W. A., Creep of non-ferrous metals and alloys, A review of published information, Brit. Non-Ferrous Met. Res. Assoc. Rept. #449, (1937).

19. Balasse, G., Gaspard, R., Tensile-test curves for copper (wire) under

constantly increasing load, Compt. Rend. 245, 497 (1957).

20. Barnby,J. 7., The spacing of shp Hnes in metals, ASTIA (Nov. 1961).

21. Baron, H. G., Effect of strain rate on the tensile stress-strain characteristics of metals. Metal Treat. 29, 25 (1962).

22. Baron, H. G., Stress-strain curves of some metals and alloys, J. Iron

Steel Inst. 182,354(1956).

Baron, V. V., Savitskii, E. M., The effect of temperature on the strength of brittle metallic substances, Dokl. Acad. Nauk. (SSSR)

94,269(1954)-[Ref. 403].

23. Barrett, C. R., Sherby, O. D., Influence of stacking-fault energy on

high-temperature creep of pure metals. Trans. AIME 233, 1116

(1965). Barrett, C. R., Sherby, 0. D., Steady-state creep characteristics of polycrystalline copper in the temperature range 400° to 950 °C, Trans. AIME 230, 1322 (1964)-[Ref. 443].

24. Bassett, W. H., Discussion on properties of copper and its alloys. Symposium on Eff'ect of Temperature on the Properties of Metals (ASTM and ASME, Philadelphia, Pa. 1931), p. 351.

25. Beevers, C. J., Barnes, R. S., The microhardness of copper bombarded

with alpha particles, J. Inst. Metals 89, 125 (1960).

26. Belton, J. H., Godby, L. L., Taft, B. L.. Materials for use at liquid hydrogen temperatures, ASTM Spec. Tech. Publ. 287, 108 (1961). Bendler, H. M., Nine, H. D., Fatigue failure in copper single crystals

at low and high amplitudes of torsion. Nature 194, 1069 (1962) —

[Ref. 434].

27. Bengough, G. D., Hanson, D., The tensile properties of copper at high temperatures, J. Inst. Metals 12, 56 (1914).

28. Bengough, G. I)., A study of properties of alloys at ifinperaturcs,

J. Insl. Metals 7, 123(1912).

29. Benham, P. P., Axial-load and strain cycling fatigue of copper at low endurance, . I. Insl. Metals 89, 328 (1961).

30. Benham, P. P., Torsional-strain-cycling fatigue of copper al low en- durance,.). Inst. Metals 91,404(1963).

Benson, N. D., McKeuwn, J., Mends, D. N., The creep and softening

properties of copper for alternator rotor windings, J. Inst. Metals 80, 131 (1951)-fRef..376|. Beresnev, B. I., Balychev, D. K., Mechanical properties of Al and Cu

after high-pressure extruding, Fiz. Metal Metallov. fUSSR) 16, 117

(1963) -[Ref. 380]. 31. Bhattacharya, S., Congreve, W. K. A., Thompson, F. C., The creep- time relationship under constant tensile stress, J. Inst. Metals 81,

83 (1952). Blank, A. I., Burghoff, H. L., Creep characteristics of phosphorized copper (0.019 percent P) at 300, 400, and .500F, Proc. ASTM 51,

981 (1951)-[Ref. .362]. Blatherwick, A. A., Mowbray, D. F., Stress-strain relationships in low-and-intermediate-cycle fatigue, Proc. ASTM 64, 561 (1964) —

[Ref. 428).

32. Bleakney, H. H., The ductility of metals in creep-rupture tests. Ca- nadian J. Technology 30,340(1952).

Blewitt, T. H., Low temperature irradiation studies, Proc. Intn. School Physics, E. Fermi Course XVIII (Radiation Damage in Solids, Academic Press, New York, 1962), p. 630 -[Ref. 395].

33. Blewitt, T. H. Coltman, R. R., Redman, J. K., Low temperature defor- mation of Cu single crystals, J. Appl. Phys. 28, 651 (1957). 34. Blewitt, T. H., Coltman, R. R., Jamison, R. E., Redman, J. K., Radiation hardening of copper single crystals, J. Nuclear Materials 2,

277(1960).

35. Blewitt, T. H., Deformation of copper single crystals at 300 degrees

K and 78 degrees K, Phys. Rev. 91, 1115 (1953). 36. Blewitt, T. H., Coltman, R. R., Redman, J. K., Work hardening in copper crystals, Proc. Phys. Soc. (London) B67, 369 (1954j.

37. Bokshtein, S. Z., Kishkin, S. T., Svetlov, I. L., Tensile testing of fila- ment crystals of copper, nickel and cobalt to failure, Soviet Phys.

Solid State 4, No. 7, 1272 (1963). 38. Bolton, J. W., Hehemann, F. H., Discussion on properties of copper and its alloys. Symposium on Effect of Temperature on the Properties of Metals (ASTM and ASME, Philadelphia, Pa., 1931). p. 361.

39. Boone, W. D., Wishart, H. B., High-speed fatigue tests of several ferrous and nonferrous metcJs at low temperatures, Proc. ASTM

35, 147 (1935). 40. Bordoni, P. G., Elastic and anelastic behavior of some metals at very low temperatures, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 26, 495 (1954). Bovet, H., Zirconium alloyed copper, Pro-Metal 13, 375 (1960) -[Ref.

399]. Bregowsky, I. M., Spring, L. W., The effect of high temperatures on

the physical properties of some alloys (Proc. (Pt. II) Intn. Assoc. Testing Mat., 6th Congr., New York, 1912). Section Vn-[Ref.

449]. 41. Breen, J. E., Lane, J. R., Effect of dispersion of alpha brass on the high

temperature fatigue properties of alpha-beta brass. Trans. .'XSM 49, 959 (1957). 42. Breen, J. E., Lane, J. R., Effect of grain size on high temperature

fatigue properties. Trans. ASM 46, 1021 (1954). 43. Brombacher, W. G., Temperature coefficient of the elastic moduli

of spring materials used in instrument design. Rev. Sci. Inst. 4,

688(1933).

44. Bronieivski, W., Szreniawski, J., L influence de la temperature et de

I'ecrouissage sur les proprietes mecaniques d'um bronze pous

medailles. Rev. Metall. 33, 442 (1936). 45. Bronieivski, IV., JVesolowski, K., L influence de la temperature sur

les properties mechaniques de laitons. Rev. Metall. 30, 396, 453

(1933).

46. Brooks, H. E., Johnston, H. L., Hardness of various metals at low temperatures down to 20° absolute, ASTIA Rept. 161564 (1952).

47. Bruner, L. J., Mecs, B. M., Modulus and damping of copper after plastic deformation at 4.2 degrees K. Phys. Rev. 129, 1525 (1963).

48. Buck, O., Deformation and electrical resistance of copper single crystals at very low temperatures. Phvs. Stat. Solidi 2, 535 (1962). 49. Buell, M. A., Grain size is important. Prod. Engr. 33, 46 (1962). 50. Bullen, F. P., Hutchison, Al. .1/., The temperature-dependence of strain-hardening in polycrystalline copper, Phil. Mag. 8, 461 (1963). 51. Bulow, C. L., Copper and its alloys for low temperature versatility, Chem. Eng. 67, 187(1960).

52. Bulow, C. L., Properties of copper alloys at cryogenic temperatures.

Engr. Design News 9, 70 (1964). 53. Bulychev., D. K., Beresnev, B. I., Gaydukov, .1/. C, Marlynov, E. D., Rudionov, E. D., Ryabinin, Yu. .V., Structural defects and plastic deformation of copper at high pressures, Dokl. Acad. Nauk. (SSSR)

156,67(1964).

153
54. Bunting, D., The brittle range in brass shown by the Izod impact test, J.Inst. Metals 31, 47 (1924). 55. Burghoff, H. L., Blank, A. I., Fatigue tests on some copper alloys in wire form, Proc. ASTM 43, 774 (1943).

56. Burghoff, H. L., Blank, A. I., Fatigue characteristics of some copper

aUoys, Proc. ASTM 47, 695 ( 1947).

57. Burghoff, H. L., Blank, A. I., Creep characteristics of a phosphorized

copper. Trans. AIME 161,420(1945).

58. Burghoff, H. L., Blank, A. I., Fatigue properties of some copper and

copper alloys in strip form, Proc. ASTM 48, 709 (1948). 59. Burghoff, H. L., Strength of copper at elevated temperatures. Electrical Mfg. 52, 143(1953).

60. Burghoff, H. L., Blank, A. I., The creep characteristics of copper and some copper alloys at 300, 400 and 500 °F, Proc. ASTM 47, 725

(1947). 61. Burghoff, H. L., Blank, A. I., Maddigan, S. E., The creep characteristics of some copper alloys at elevated temperatures, Proc. ASTM

42,668(1942).

62. Burmeister, R. A., Dodd, R. A., The effect of electrodeposited metals on fatigue life, Proc. ASTM 62, 675 (1962). 63. Butts, A., Copper, The Metal, Its Alloys and Compounds (Reinhold

Publ. Corp., New York, 1964). Bystrov, L. N., Ivanov, L. I., Prokoshkin, D. A., Creep of copper and

copper-nickel alloys during torsion, Izvest. Akad. Nauk. (SSSR).

Met. i Topi. No. 5, 197 (1962)-[Ref. 390]. 64. Camenisch, K. P., Comportement du cuivre et de ses alliages a hautes et basses temperatures, Pro-Metal 85, 611 (1962). 65. Campion, D. J., Fatigue tests at large strains on copper wires. War

Office, Armament Res, & Dev. Est. Materials Explosives Div., ARDE Memo (MX) 83/60 (1960). 66. Carreker, R. P., Jr., Hibbard, Jr., W. R., Tensile deformation of high- purity copper as a function of temperature, strain rate, and grain

size. Acta Met. 1, 654 (1953). 67. Cazaud, R., Fatigue of Metals, (Philosophical Library, New York,

1953).

68. Chalmers, B., Progress in Materials Science 9 (Pergamon Press,

Inc., New York, 1961), p. 389.

69. Chang, S. S., Heginbotham, W. B., Comparisons between the shearing

properties of alpha-brass as derived from the cutting process and

from static and impact torsion tests, J. Engr. Industry 82, 315

(1960). 70. Clarebrough, L. M., Hargreaves, M. E., Loretto, M. H., The influence

of grain size on the stored energy and mechanical properties of copper. Acta Met. 6, 725 (1958).

71. Clark, C. L., White, A. E., Influence of recrystallization temperature and grain size on the creep characteristics of non-ferrous alloys, Proc. ASTM 32, 492 (1932).

72. Clark, C. L., White, A. E., Properties of non-ferrous alloys at elevated temperatures. Metal Ind. (London) 37, 601 (1930).

73. Clark, C. L., White, A. E., Properties of non-ferrous alloys at elevated temperatures. Trans. ASME 53, 183 (1931).

74. Coffin. L. F., Jr., Tavernelli, J. F., The cyclic straining and fatigue of metals, Irans. AIME 215, 794 (1959).

Coffin, L. F., Low Cycle Fatigue, ASM Metals Engr. Quart. 56,

15 (1963)- [Ref. 453].

75. Colbeck, E. W., MacGillivray, W. E., The mechanical properties of metals at low temperatures. Part II — Non-ferrous materials. Trans.

Inst. Chem. Engrs. 11, 107 (1933).

76. Cook, M., Richards, T. L., Bidmead, G. F., Influence of cold deformation on the Young's modulus of some non-ferrous metals, J. Inst. Metals 83, 41 (1954).

77. Cook, M., The physical and mechanical properties of nickel brasses,

J. Inst. Metals 42, 139 (1938).

78. Cook, M., Lark, E. C, Copper and copper alloys for locomotive fire- box construction, J. Inst. Loco. Engr. 28, 609 (1938).

79. Cook, M., Lark, E. C, Impact strength of copper, J. Inst. Metals 58, 1 (1942). 80. Cook, M., Tallis, W. G., The physical properties and annealing characteristics of standard phosphor-bronze alloys, J. Inst. Metals 67, 49 (1941). 81. Crossley, F. A., Simcoe, C. R., A study of stress-induced delayed

failure in high-strength brasses. Armour Res. Found., 111. Inst. Tech, ASTIA Rept. 258399 (1960). 82. Crowe, C. H., Properties of some copper alloys at elevated temperatures, ASTM Bull. 2 5 0, 30 (1960). 83. Crussard, C, Plateau, J., Tamhankar, R., Henry, G., Lajeunesse,

D., A comparison of ductile and fatigue fractures. Fracture (J. Wiley & Sons, New York, 19.59), p. 524.

84. Cummings, H. N., Stulen, F. B., Schulte, W. C, Investigation of ma- ' terial fatigue problems, Curtiss Wright Corp., ASTIA Rept. 134539

(1957). 85. Cupp, C. R., Chalmers, B., A study of the plastic deformation of copper single crystals. Acta Met. 2, 803 (1954). 86. Cuthbertson, J. W., Fatigue properties of brasses, bronzes and bear- ing metals. Metal Treat. 24, 89 (1957). 87. Cuykendall, T. R., Sack, H. S., Dynamic elastic properties of solids Cornell Univ., Clearinghouse, Fed. Sci. Tech. Info., Rept. PB121701 (1955). Davenport, C. C, Correlation of creep and relaxation properties of copper. Trans. ASME 60, A-55 (1938) - [Ref. 416].

88. Davis, E. A., Creep and relaxation of oxygen-free copper. Trans. ASME 10, AlOl (1943). 89. DeHaas, W. J., Hadfield, R., On the effect of temperature of liquid hydrogen on the tensile properties of forty-one specimens of

metals comprising (a) pure iron 99.85%; (b) four carbon steels;

(c) thirty alloy steels; (d) copper and nickel; (e) four non-ferrous

alloys. Trans. Roy. Soc. (London) 232A, 297 (1933). 90. Dennison, J. P., The effect of heat treatment on the creep and creep- rupture behavior of a high purity alpha copper-aluminum alloy at 300° and 500 °C, J. Inst. Metals 86, 177 (1958). Dennison, J. P., Some creep characteristics of a group of precipitation hardening alloys based on the alpha copper-aluminum phase,

J. Inst. Metals 82, 117 (1953-54)- [Ref. 377]. Dennison, J. P., Creep behavior at 300 °C of a group of precipitation- hardening alloys based on the alpha copper-aluminum phase, J. Inst. Metals 83, 465 (1954-55)- [Ref. 378].

Diehl, J., Influence of neutron irradiation on the mechanical properties of face-centered cubic crystals. Radiation Damage in SoHds

(Intn. Publ. Inc., New York, 1962), p. 129-[Ref. 382]. Diehl, J., Berner, R., Temperaturabhangigkeit der Verfestigung von

Kupfer-Einkristallen oberhalb 78 °K, Z. Metallk. 51, 522 (1960)-

[Ref. 354].

91. Dies, K., Jung-Konig, W., The creep behavior of some technical copper alloys at high temperatures, Metall. 16, 1097 (1962). 92. Dies, K., Jung-Konig, W., Contributions to the problems of creep

behavior of copper alloys. Metall. 14, 1085 (1960). 93. Domagala, R. F., A study of high tensile brasses. Armour Res. Found., ASTIA Rept. AD162371 (1958). Donachie, M. J., Steele, R. K., Shepheard, P. G., Elevated-temperature behavior of annealed 70-30 copper-nickel, Proc. ASTM

63, 598 (1963)- [Ref. 425].

94. Druyvesteyn, M. J., Schannen, 0. F. Z., Swaving, E. C.-J., Influence

of cold work on the rigidity of copper, Physica 25, 1271 (1959). 95. Druyvesteyn, M. J., Experiments on the effect of low ternperature on some plastic properties of metals, Appl. Sci. Res. Al, 66 (1947). 96. Druyvesteyn, W. F., Blaisse, B. S., Change in the modulus of elasticity of copper after deformation in the temperature range from 4.2-7.8

°K, Physica 28, 695 (1962). 97. Ebner, M. L., Backofen, W. A., Fatigue and anisotropy in copper, Trans. ASM 48, 872 (1956). 98. Edwards, C. A., Herbert, A. M., Plastic deformation of some copper

alloys at elevated temperatures, J. Inst. Metals 25, 175 (1921). 99. Eisner, S., Ottlyk, A. A., Electrocapillary effect on the modulus of

elasticity of metals, Nature 198, 1296 (1963). Eden, F. X., Meyer, V., Tensile strength measurements on copper

whiskers, Naturewissenschaften 47, 352 (I960)- [Ref. 398].

Eisner, E., Fatigue straining of copper whisker. Nature 188, 1183

(1960) -[Ref. 435].

100. Ellis, W. C, Greiner, E. S., Effect of prior strain at low temperatures on the properties of some close-packed metals at room temperature. Trans. AIME 194, 648 (1952). Engl, J., Heidtkamp, G., Die Temperaturabhangigkeit der Kegeldruck

hiirte der MetaUe. I., Z. Physik 95,30 (1935)-[Ref. 442J.

101. Engle, J., Kalz, J., Die Temperaturabhiingigkeit der Kegeldruck

hiirte der MetaOe. Ill, Z. Physik 106, 1 (1937). 102. Erdmann-Jesnitzer, F., Effect of annealing after cold deformation on

the properties of alpha-brass, Metall. 14, 525 (1960). 103. Everhart, J. L., Lindlief, W. E., Kanegis, J., Weissler, P. G., Siegel, F. , Mechanical properties of metals and alloys, NBS Circ. 447, U. S. Gov.'t Printing Office, Washington, D. C, (1943). 104. Favor, R. J., Gideon, D. N., Grover, H. J., Hayes, J. F., McClure,

G. M., Investigation of fatigue behavior of certain alloys in the temperature range room temperature to —423 °F, Battelle Mem.

Inst.. WADD Tech. Rept. 61-132 (1961). 105. Feltham, P., Microplasticity in metals and alloys at low temperatures. Metal Treat. Drop Forg. 20, 221 (1961). 106. Feltham, P., Creep and stress relaxation in alpha-brass at low temperatures, Phil. Mag. 6, 259 (1961). 107. Feltham, P., Stress relaxation in copper and alpha-brasses at low

temperatures, J. Inst. Metals 89, 210 (1961).

108. Feltham, P., Copley, G. J., Yielding and work-hardening in alpha- brasses. Acta Met. 8, 542 (1960). 109. Feltham, P., Copley, G. J., Creep in face-centered metals and solid solutions with special reference to alpha-brasses, Phil. Mag. 5, 649 (1960). 110. Feltham, P., Meakin, J. D., Creep in face-centered cubic metals

with special reference to copper. Acta Met. 7, 614 (1959). 111. Franks, R., Properties of metals at low temperature, Metals Handbook

(ASM, Cleveland, Ohio, 1948), p. 204.

112. French, R. S., Hibbard, W. R., Jr., Effect of solute elements on the

tensile deformation of copper. Trans. AIME 188, 53 (1950). 113. Frost, N. E., Alternating stress required to propagate edge cracks in copper and nickel-chromium alloy steel plates, J. Mech. Engr.

Sci. 5, #1, 15 (1963).

114. Frost, N. E., Effect of mean stress on the rate of growth of fatigue cracks in sheet materials, J. Mech. Engr. Sci. 4, 22 (1962).

1 15. Frye, J. H., Jr., Scott, J. L., Woods, J. W., Eff'ect of strain and temperature on the yielding of copper and nickel, J. Metals 9, 708 (1957). 116. Garstone, J., Honeycombe, W. K., Greentham, G., Easy glide of cubic metal crystals. Acta Met. 4, 485 (1956). 117. Geil, G. W., Low temperature properties and applications of heavy

non-ferrous metals and alloys (Conference on Materials and Design

for Low Temperature Service, Army Engr. Res. Dev. Lab., Ft. Belvoir, Va., 1952), p. 335.

118. Geil, G. W., Carwile, N. L., Tensile properties of copper, nickel, and some copper-nickel alloys at low temperatures, NBS Circ. 520, 67 (1952). 119. Gillett, H. W., Mack, E. I., Notes on some endurance tests of metals, Proc. ASTM 24, 476 (1924).

154
120. Gilleti, H. W., Impact resistance and tensile properties of metals at sub-atmospheric temperatures, ASTM Spec. Tech. Publ. 47, 5

(1941). 121. Gillett, H. W., The resistance of copper and its alloys to repeated

stress, Metals and Alloys 3, 200, 236, 257, 275 (1932).

122. Gohn, G. R., Ellis, W. C, The fatigue characteristics of Cu-Ni-Zn and phosphor bronze strip in bending under conditions of unsymmetrical loading, Proc. ASTM 47, 713 (1947). 123. Gough, H. J., Sopwith, D. G., Atmospheric action as a factor in fatigue of metals, J. Inst. Metals 49, 93 (1932). Gough, H. J., Sopwith, D. G., Some further experiments on atmospheric action in fatigue, J. Inst. Metals 56, 551 (1935) —

[Ref. 356].

124. Gough, H. J., Sopwith, D. G., The resistance of some special bronzes

to fatigue and corrosion-fatigue, J. Inst. Metals 60, 143 (1937). 125. Gough, H. J., Sopwith, D. G., Inert atmospheres at fatigue environ- ments, J. Inst. Metals 72, 415 (1946). Graves, G. B., The mechanical properties of 63/35 hard drawn brass

spring wire. Wire Industry 26, 1089 (1959)- [Ref. 464]. Greaves, R. H., Jones, J. A., The effect of temperature on the behavior

of metals and alloys in the notched-bar impact test, J. Inst. Metals 34, 85 (1925)- [Ref. 365].

126. Greenall, C. H., Gohn, G. R., Fatigue properties of non-ferrous sheet

metals, Proc. ASTM 37, 160 (1937). Greenwood, J. N., Miller, D. R., Suiter, J. W., Intergranular cavitation

in stressed metals. Acta Met. 2, 250 (1954)- [Ref. 353].

127. Greer, J. B., Bucknall, E. H., The Young's modulus of a solid solution copper-nickel-zinc alloys and the valencies of copper, nickel, and

zinc. Trans. ASM 57, 554 (1964). 128. Grein, W., Toughness of structural materials at low temperatures, Chem. Ing. Tech. 33, 739 (1961). 129. Gross, M. R., Low cycle fatigue of materials for submarine construction (Marine Engr. Lab.) ASTIA Rept. AD601362 (1963). Grishkevich, A. E., Kumin, N. F., Plastic deformation of copper

extended at various temperatures and strain rate, Fiz. Metal.

Metallov. 16, 427 (1963)- [Ref. 391].

130. Grover, H. J., Gordon, S. A., Jackson, L. R., Fatigue of Metals and

Structures (Supt. of Documents, U.S. Gov.'t Printing Office, Washington, D. C, 1954).

131. Guillet, L., Cournat, J., Sur la variation des proprietes mecaniques de

quelques metaux et alliages aux basses temperatures. Rev. Metall. 19, 215 (1922). Guillet, L., Bernard, V., Variations de la resihence du cuivre et de quelquesuns de ses alliages en fonction de la temperature, Acad.

Sci. C.R. 156, 1899 (1913)- [Ref. 457].

132. Haasen, P., King, A., Work hardening and stacking fault energy of copper alloy crystals, Z. Metallk. 51, 722 (1960). 133. Halford, G. R., Morrow, J. D., Low-cycle fatigue in torsion, Proc. ASTM 62, 695 (1962). 134. Haupt, G., Krisch, A., Notch impact strength of metals at low temperatures down to the temperature of liquid hydrogen, Naturwis- senchaften 26, 390 (1938). 135. Hein, E., Dodd, R. A., Softening of strain-hardened polycrystalline copper during reversed stress fatigue and tensile fatigue, AIME

221, 1095 (1961). 136. Helgeland, 0., Cyclic hardening and fatigue of copper single crystals,

J. Inst. Metals 93, 570 (1965). 137. Herenguel, J., LeNouaille, M., Effect of various additions on the high

temperature behavior of 70-30 brass under mechanical stress, Rev. Metall. 54, 354 (1957). Herenguel, J., LeNouaille, M., Einfluss ver schiedener Zusatze auf das Warmverhalten von Messing Ms 70 unter mechanischer

Beanspruchung, Metall. 11, 652 (1957)- [Ref. 369].

138. Hibbard, W. R., Jr., Plastic deformation of large grained copper

specimens, Metals Tech., AIME Tech. Publ. 2469 (1948). Hikata, A., Effect of plastic deformation on ultrasonic attenuation in metals. Govt. Mechanical Lab., Japan, Rept. 39, (Oct. 1960)-

[Ref. 406].

139. Hill, W. H., Shimmin, K. D., Wilcox, B. A., Elevated temperature

dynamic moduli of metallic materials, Proc. ASTM 61, 890 (1961). 140. Hirsch, P. B., Mitchell, T. E., Thornton, P. R., Effect of strain-rate on the flow stress of f.c.c. metals, Cambridge Univ., ASTIA Rept. #AD234224 (1959). Hirsch, P. B., Warrington, D. H., The flow stress of aluminum and

copper at high temperatures, Phil. Mag. 6, 735 (1961)— [Ref. 409].

141. Hodge, W., Some properties of certain high-conductivity copper-base

aUoys, Trans. AIME 208, 408 (1957). 142. Holm, R., Meissner, W., Einige Messungen uber den Fliebdruck von

Metallen in tiefen Temperaturen, Z. Phys. 17, 736 (1932). Honma, Y., Kobayashi, S., Oya, M., Kobayasi, K., Mechanical properties of castings of yellow brasses, J. Japan Foundrymen's Soc,

Imono. 32, 908, 915 (I960)- [Ref. 404]. Hook, R. E., Adair, A. M., Spretnak, J. W., Creep testing by centrifugal-force loading. Mat. Res. Stds. 1, 464 (1961)-[Ref. 440]. 143. Horn, D. D., Lewis, H. F., Property investigation of copper base alloys

at ambient temperatures, ASTIA Rept. 467015 (1965). 144. Hoyt, S. L., Metal Data (Reinhold Publ. Corp., New York, 1952). Hu, L. W., Determination ot the plastic stress-strain relations in tension of Nittany No. 2 brass under hydrostatic pressure, 3d

U. S. Nat. Congr. Appl. Mechanics, (1958), p. 557- [Ref. 400]. Hudson, 0. F., McKeown, J., The properties of copper in relation to low stresses. Pt. I. Tensile and compression tests under short- time loading, J. Inst. Metals 48, 69 (1932)- [Ref. 368]. Hughes, G., Non-ferrous metals in railway work, J. Inst. Metals 6, 74 (1911)- [Ref. 461].

261-278 0-67 — II

Hukai, S., Takeuchi, K., Mechanical properties of cupro-nickel at room and high temperatures, .Sumitomo Light-.Metal Tech. Rept. 1, 83 (1960) -[Ref. 411]. Hukai, S., Takeuchi, K., An experimental study on the effects of environments on the fatigue strength of some copper alloys, .Sumi- tomo Light Metal Tech. Rept. 1, 18 (I960)- [Ref. .386]. Hundy, B. B., Strain aging in 7()-.30 brass, J. Inst. .Metals 83, 113

(195.3-54)- [Ref. .374]. 145. Huntington, A. K., 'l"he effect of temperatures higher than atmospheric on tensile tests of copper and its alloys, and a comparison with wrought iron and steel, J. Inst. Metals 8, 126 (I9I2). Htaka, /., Morooka, T., On the variation of Young's modulus ol 65/35 brass resulting from cold rolling antl annealing, Waseda

Univ. Castings Res. Lab., Rept. #13, 29 (1962)- [Hef. .383]. Ingall, D. H., The high temperature-tensile curve: a) Effect of Rate of Heating; b) Tensile Curves of Some Brasses, J. Inst. Metals 33,

171 (1925)- [Ref. 4.59]. Ingall, D. H., Experiments with some copper wire: Cohesion a function of both temperature and cold-work, J. Inst. Metals 31, 171 (1923)- [Ref. 460].

146. Irwin, P. L., Fatigue of metals by direct stress, Proc. ASTM 26,

218 (1926).

147. Jackson, L. R., Schwope, A. D., Tests of physical properties of copper

(Progr. Rept. to Am. Metal Co., Ltd., Oct. 1, 1946). 148. Jaffee, R. I., Ramsey, R. H., Properties of aluminum bronzes at sub- zero and high temperatures. Metal Progr. 54 , 57 (1948). Jares, V., Jenicek, L., Mechanisches Verhalten von Hartgezogenem

Kupferdraht unter Dauerbelastung bei erhohter Temperatur,

2d Congress, Intn. Assoc. Testing Mat., (1927), p. A17- [Ref. 465].

Jeffries, Z., Effect of temperature, deformation, and grain size on the mechanical properties of metals. Trans. AIME 60, 474 (1919) —

[Ref. 367]. Jenkins, C. H. M., Bucknell, E. H., Jenkinson, E. A., The inter-relation of age-hardening and creep performance (Pt. II), J. Inst. Metals 70, 57 (1944)- [Ref. 371]. Jenkins, C. H. M., Bucknell, E. H., The inter-relation of age-hardening and creep performance. Part I. — The age-hardening of nickel- silicon-copper alloys, J. Inst. Metals 57, 141 (1935)- [Ref. 451].

149. Jenkins, W. D., Digges, T. G., Johnson, C. R., Tensile properties of copper, nickel and 70% copper-30% nickel and 30% copper-70%

nickel alloys at high temperatures, J. Res. NBS 58, 201 (1957). 150. Jenkins, W. D., Johnson, C. R., Creep of annealed nickel, copper and

two nickel-copper alloys. J. Res. NBS 60, 173 (1958). 151. Jenkins, W. D., Digges, T. G., Influence of prior strain history on the

tensile properties and structure of high purity copper, J. Res. NBS 49, 167 (1952). 152. Jenkins, W. D., Digges, T. G., Creep of high purity copper, J. Res. NBS 45, 153 (1950). 153. Jenkins, W. D., Willard, W. N., Creep of cold-drawn nickel, copper, 70% nickel-30% copper, and 30% Ni-70% copper alloys, J. Res. NBS 66, 59 (1962). 154. Johnson, A. E., Henderson, J., Khan, B., Complex stress creep frac- ture of copper at 250° under vibratory stress, Engr. 212, 304

(1961). 155. Johnson, W. H., Kura, J. G., Mechanical and physical properties of

five copper-base casting alloys, Proc. ASTM 60, 796 (1960). 156. Johnston, H. L., Brooks, H. E., Impact strength of various metals at temperatures down to 20° absolute, Ohio State Univ., ASTIA Rept. #AD 67, (1952). 157. Jones, P. G., Moore, H. F., An investigation of the effect of rate of

strain on the results of tension tests of metals, Proc. ASTM 40,

610 (1940). Jones, R. B., Phillips, V. A., Yield point phenomena in a number of commercial copper alloys and one nickel base alloy. Trans. ASM

53, 603 (1961)- [Ref. 430]. Jungclaus, H. J., Change of the modulus of elasticity of quenched

Cu at room temperature, Z. Metallk., 54, 154 (1963)- [Ref. 375]. Ke, N. P., Strength and deformation peculiarities of binary metal

whiskers. Acta Physica Sinica 19, 807 (1963)- [Ref. 387].

158. Keefer, D., Sosin, A., Effect of low temperature electron irradiation on Young's modulus of pure Cu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 3, 185 (1963). 159. Keefer, D., Robinson, J. C., Sosin, A., Modulus effects in metals after low temperature electron irradiation — I. Cu, Acta Met. 13, 1135

(1965). Keeler, S. P., Backofen, W. A., Plastic instability and fracture in sheets stretched over rigid punches. Trans. ASM 56, 25 (1963) —

[Ref. 444].

Keil, A., The compressive strength of some copper alloys for electro- technical purposes, Metall. 15, 421 (1961) -[Ref. 394].

160. Kemsley, D. S., The behaviour of cold-worked copper in fatigue. J. Inst. Metals 87, 10 (1958). Kemsley, D. S., Paterson, M. S., The influence of strain amplitude on

the work hardening of copper crystals in alternating tension and

compression. Acta Met. 8, 453. (I960)- [Ref. 446].

161. Kennedy, A. J., Creep of copper under stress pulses. Nature 171,

927 (1953). 162. Keulegan, C. H., Houseman, M. R., Temperature coefficient of the moduli of metals and alloys used as elastic elements. J. Res. NBS

10, 289 (1934). 163. Klyavin, O. V., Mechanical properties of solids at a temperature of

4.2 degrees K and below. V. The effect of a preliminary plastic deformation on the mechanical properties of aluminum, copper, and nickel, Soviet Phys. Sohd State 2, 1706 (1960).
164. Knoll, H., Macherauch, E., Die plastische Verformung von Kupfervielkristallen in Temperaturbereich von 90 bis 300 °K, Z. Metallk. 55, 638 (1964). 165. Kochendorfer, A., Strength and properties of deformation of metals

at low temperatures, Z. Metallk. 51, 73 (1960). 166. Kommers, J. B., The static and fatigue properties of brass, Proc. ASTM 31, 243 (1931). 167. Konig, D., Volki, J., Schilling, W., Einfluss von a-Bestrahlung bei

tiefer Temperatur auf die innere Reibung von hochreinem Kupfer,

Phys. Stat. Solidi 7, 577 (1964). 168. Konig, D., Volki, J., Schilling, W., Influence of alpha radiation at low temperature on the elastic modulus of high purity copper, Phys. Stat. Sohdi 7, 591 (1964).

169. Koppenaal, T. J., Fine, M. E.. Yield points in alpha Cu-Al single

crystals. Trans. AIME 221, 1178 (1961). Koppenaal, T. J., Neutron irradiation strengthening in copper single

crystals, Phil. Mag. 10, 1257 (1965)-[Ref. 361). Koppenaal, T. J., Kuhlmann-Wilsdorf, D., The effect of prestressing on the strength of neutron-irradiation copper single crystals, Appl.

Phys. Lett. 4, #3, 59 (1964)-[Ref. 388]. Koppenaal, T. J., The effect of neutron irradiation on the strength of a-Cu-Al single crystals. Acta Met. 12, 487 (1964)-[Ref. 397]. 170. Kostenetz, V. I., Mechanical properties of metals and alloys in tension at low temperatures, J. Tech. Phys. (USSR) 16, 515 (1946). As quoted in Metal Progr. 55, 82 (1949) and Chem. Abs. 41, 1583h

.. (1947). 171. Koster, W., Speidel, M., Einfluss der Korngrobe auf die Strenkgrenge von Kupferlegierungen, Phys. Stat. Sohdi 3, K401 (1963). 172. Koster, W., Bangert, L., The influence of lead upon the modulus of

elasticity and upon damping of copper, silver, brass, Z. Metallk. 42.391(1951).

173. Koster, IF., Uber die Konzentrations-und Temperaturabhangigkeit

des Elastizitatsmoduls der Legierungen des Kupfers, Silbers und

Goldes mit Zink und Kadmium sowie des Kupfers mit Gold, Pal- ladium und Platin, Z. Metallk. 32, 160 (1940). 174. Koster, W., The temperature dependence of the elastic modulus of pure metals. Z. Metallk. 39, 1 (1948). 175. Koster, W., Rauscher, W., Relationships between the moduli of elasticity of binary alloys and their structure, Z. Metallk. 39, 111 (1948). 176. Koster, W., Speidel, M. O., Der Einfluss der Temperatur und der Korngrobe auf die ausgepragte steckgrenze von Kupferlegierungen,

Z. Metallk. 56, 585 (1965). 177. Kostyuk, V. G., Ziling, K. K., Serebryakov, A. V., Strength of metal whisker crystals containing impurities, Soviet Phys.-Solid State 5, 2241 (1964). 178. Krouse, G. N., A high-speed fatigue testing machine and some tests of speed effect on endurance limit, Proc. ASTM 34, 156 (1934). 179. Krupkowski, A., Proprietes mecaniques de cuivre. Rev. Met. 28, 598, 641 (1931). 180. Krupkowski, A., Proprietes mecaniques de cuivre. Rev. Met. 29, 74

(1932). 181. Kuntze, W., Dependence of elastic strain coefficient of copper on the pretreatment, Nat. Advisory Comm. for Aeronautics, Tech. Memo.

1287 (1950). 182. Kuroda, M., Tensile properties of copper at low temperature, Sci. Papers Inst. Phys. Chem. Res. (Tokyo) 19, 163 (1932). Kurov, I. E., Stepanov, V. A., Life to rupture of metals subjected to torsion, Soviet Phys.-Solid State 4, #1, 135 (1962)-[Ref. 441]. 183. Kuroyanagi, J., Change in modulus of rigidity of brass wires by cold- working and subsequent annealing, J. Phys. Soc. Japan 15, 1386

(1960). 184. Kuroyanagi, J., On the relation between the change in modulus of

rigidity of brass wires by cold-rolling and rolling textures, J. Phys.

Soc. Japan 16, 1019 (1961). Kurth, A., Untersuchungen uber den Einfluss der Warme auf die Harte der MetaUs, Z. Vereines Deut. Ingen. 53, 85, 209 (1909)-

[Ref. 423]. Le Chatelier, A., On the influence of hardness on the results of studies

of metalle. Comm. des Methodes D'essai Materiaux de Construction 2A, 335 (1895)-[Ref. 418]. Le Chatelier, A., On the influence of temperature on the mechanical

properties of metals. Comm. des Methods D'essai des Materiaux

de Construction 2A, 317 (1895)-[Ref. 432]. 185. Lawley, A., Schuster, S., Tensile behavior of copper foils prepared from rolled materials. Trans. AIME 230, 27 (1964). Lea, F. C., The effect of temperature on some of the properties of

materials. Engineering 110, 293 (1920)-[Ref. 439]. Lea, F. C, The effect of temperature on the modulus of elasticity and

other properties of metals, Proc. Inst. Civil Engrs. 209, 394 (1920) —

[Ref. 452]. Leiber, C. 0., Macherarauch, E., Radiographic elasticity constants for tensile lattice deformation in the (400) plane of pure copper, Z. Metallk. 51, 621 (1960) -[Ref. 402]. Leiber, C. O., Macherarauch, E., Work hardening and residual stress of surface layers of tensile deformed copper specimens, Z. Metallk. 52, 196 (1961)-[Ref. 408]. 186. Lems, W., The change of Young's modulus of copper and silver after deformation at low temperature and its recovery, Physica 28, 445

(1962). 187. Lismer, R. E., Properties of some alloys and weld metal deposits at low temperatures. Welding Metal Fabr. 30, 19 (1962). 188. Lismer, R. E., The properties of some metals and alloys at low temperatures, J. Inst. Metals 89, 145 (1960).

189. Lismer, R. E., Copper alloys for cryogenic service. I. Metal industry

(Apr. 16, 1964): II. Metal industry (Apr. 23, 1964).

190. Lorig, C. H., Dahle, F. B., Roberts, D. A., The mechanical properties

of copper at elevated temperatures, Metals Alloys 9, 63 (1938).

191. Ludivig, P., Uber die Anderung der inneren Reibung der Metalle mit der Temperatur, Z. Phys. Chemie 91, 232 (1916). Lushley, R. S. D., McKeown, J., Stress-rupture time properties of copper tube materials. Engineer 197, 811 (1954) -[Ref. 438]. 192. MacCrone, R. K., McCammon, R. D., Rosenberg, H. M., The fatigue of metals at 1.7 degrees K, Phil. Mag. 4, 267 (1959). 193. MacGregor, C. W., Abstract of the true stress-strain tension test —

Its role in modern materials testing, J. Franklin Inst. 238, 111

(1944). 194. Magnusson, A. W., Baldwin, W. M., Jr., The effects of stress concentration and triaxiality on the plastic flow of metals (Case Inst. Tech. Rept. 34, 1956). 195. Makin, M. J., The effect of neutron irradiation on the mechanical

properties of metals, Part III — Copper and nickel. Atomic Energy

Res. Estb., England, ASTIA Rept. AD127685 (1956). 196. Makin, M. J., Unloading effects in the plastic properties of copper

single crystals. Atomic Energy Res. Estb., England, ASTIA Rept. #AD158958 (1957). 197. Makin, M. J., Blewitt, T. H., The hardening of copper single crystals by electron irradiation. Acta Met. 10, 241 (1962). Makin, M. J., Manthorpe, S. A., Hardening of copper irradiated at -19.5° C, Acta Met. 9, 886 (1961)-[Ref. 393]. Makins, N., Shidara, H., Studies of Cr-Be Copper, J. Inst. Metals, Japan 24, 496 (1960) -[Ref. 401]. 198. Manjoine, M., Nadai, A., High speed tension tests at elevated temperatures. Part I, Proc. ASTM 40, 822 (1940). 199. Marchant, P. R., Mechanical properties of some wrought copper

alloys at elevated temperatures, Copper (CDA), #18, 16 (1963). 200. Marshall, E. R., Shaw, M. C, The determination of flow stress from

a tensile specimen. Trans. ASM 44, 705 (1952). 201. Marsimovich, G. G., Yanchishin, F. P., Determination of tensile strength of metals in liquid medium, Zavodskaya Labs 28, 1485

(1962). 202. Martin, D. L., Parker, E. R., The effect of coohng rate and minor constituents on the rupture properties of copper at 200° C, Trans. AIME 156, 126 (1944). 203. McAdam, D. J., Jr., Influence of temperature on the stress-strain energy relationship for copper and nickel-copper alloy. Trans. AIME 185, 727 (1949). 204. McAdam, D. J., Jr., Corrosion-fatigue of non-ferrous metals, Proc. ASTM 27, 102 (1927). 205. McAdam, D. J., Jr., Geil, G. W., Woodard, D. H., Influence of strain rate and temperature on the mechanical properties of monel metal and copper, Proc. ASTM 46, 902 (1946). 206. McAdam, D. J., Jr., Clyne, R. W., Influence of chemically and mechanically formed notches on fatigue of metals, NBS Res. Paper

RP725, 13, (1934). 207. McAdam, D. J., Jr., The stress-strain energy relationship for metals. Trans. ASM 43, 970 (1951). McAdam, D. J., Jr., Geil, G. W., The variation of the strength, resist- ance to oxidation, and electrical conductivity of metals with temperature. Trans. ASM 33, 514 (1944) -[Ref. 366]. 208. McAdam, D. J., Jr., Geil, G. W., Cromwell, F. J., Flow, fracture and

ductihty of metals, Metals Tech., AIME Tech. Publ. 2296 (1948). 209. McAdam, D. J., Jr., Geil, G. W., Mebs, R. W., Effects of combined

stresses and low temperatures on the mechanical properties of some non-ferrous metals. Trans. ASM 37, 497 (1946). 210. McAdam, D. J., Jr., Geil, G. W., Mebs, R. W., The effect of combined

stresses on the mechanical properties of steels between room temperature and - 188° C, Proc. ASTM 45, 448 (1945). 211. McAdam, D. J., Jr., Endurance properties of alloys of nickel and of copper-Pt. 1, Trans. Am. Soc. Steel Treat. 7, 54, 217, 581 (1925). 212. McAdam, D. J., Jr., Mebs, R. W., The technical cohesive strength and other mechanical properties of metals at low temperatures,

Proc. ASTM 43, 661 (1943). McAdam, D. J., Jr., Mebs, R. W., An investigation of the technical cohesive strength of metals. Trans. AIME 162 , 474 (1945) — [Ref.

370]. 213. McAdam, D. J. Jr., Geil, G. W., Woodard, D. H., Influence of the

strain rate and the stress system on the mechanical properties of copper. Trans. ASM 38, 551 (1947). McAdam, D. J., Jr., Fatigue and corrosion-fatigue of spring material. Trans. ASME 51, APM-51-5-45 (1929)-[Ref. 456]. McAdam, D. J., Jr., Effect of cold working on endurance and other

properties of metals. Part I, Trans. Am. Soc. Steel Treat. 8, 782

(1925) -[Ref. 436]. 214. McAdam, D. J., Jr., Fatigue and corrosion — Fatigue of metals, Part I (Congres International pour L'essai des Materiaux, M. Nijhoff, Amsterdam, 1927), p. 305.

215. McAdam, D. J., Jr., Endurance properties of metals, Mech. Engr. 47, 566 (1925). 216. McCammon, R. D., Rosenberg, H. M., The fatigue and ultimate tensile strengths of metals between 4.2 and 293 °K, Proc. Roy. Soc. (Lon- don) A2?42, 203 (1957). 217. McClintock, R. M., Van Gundy, D. A. Kropschot, R. H., Low temperature tensile properties of copper and four bronzes, ASTM Bull. 240, 47 (1959). ^ 218. McClintock, R. M., Gibbons, H. P., Mechanical properties of struc- tural materials at low temperatures, A compilation from the litera- ture, NBS Mono. 13 (Supt. Documents, U.S. Govt. Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1960).

156
219. McEvily, A. ./., Bocltncr, R. C, On fatigue crack propagatiiin in V.

(

metals. Acta Met. U, 72,S (1963). 220. McGrath, J. T., Thurston, R. C. A., The effect of cross slip on the

fatigue behavior of copper and copper-zint' alloys. Trans. AIME

227, 645 (1963). 221. McKcown, J., Hudson, O. F., .Stress-strain characteristics of copper,

silver, and gold, J. Inst. Metals 60, 109 (1937). 222. McKeown, ./., Mends, D. N., Bale, E. S., Michael, A. D., The creep and

fatigue properties of some wrought complex aluminum bronzes, .1. Inst. Metals 83, 69 (1954-55).

223. McManus, G. M., Elastic properties of /3-CuZn, Phys. Rev. 129, 2004

(1963). 224. Michelitsch, M., Uber das Kriechen kubisch flachenzenlrierter

Metall-Einkristalle, Z. Metallk. 50, 548 (19.59). 225. Midgley, P., Thomas, D. F., The mechanical properties of metals at cryogenic temperatures, Rocket Propulsion Estb., England, A.STIA

Rept. AD272301 (1961). 226. Mikesell, R. P., Reed, R. P., The impact testing of various alloys at low temperatures. Adv. Cryogenic Engr. 3 (Plenum Press, Inc., New York, 1960), p. 316.

227. Mitchell, T. E., Thornton, P. R., The work-hardening characteristics

of Cu and alpha-brass single crystals between 4.2 and 500 degrees

K, Phil. Mag. 8, 1127 (1963). 228. Moon, D. P., Simmons, W. P., Creep and rupture properties of five copper-base casting alloys, Proc. ASTM 61, 938 (1961). 229. Moore, H. F., Jasper, T. M., An investigation of the fatigue of metals.

Series of 1925, Univ. Illinois Engr. Bull. 152 (192,5). 230. Moore, H. F., Leivis, R. E., Fatigue tests in shear of three non-ferrous

metals, Proc. ASTM 31, 236 (1931). 231. Moore, R. R., Resistance of metals to repeated static and impact

stresses, Proc. ASTM 24, 547 (1924). 232. Moore, R.iR., Some fatigue tests on non-ferrous metals, Proc. ASTM

25 , 66 (1925). 233. Moore, R. R., Resistance of manganese bronze, duraluminum, and

electron metal to alternating stresses, Proc. A.STM 23, 106 (1923). Moore, H. F., Wishart, H. B., Lyon, S. W., Slow bend and impact tests of notched bars at low temperatures, Proc. ASTM 36, 110 (1936) —

[Ref. 363]. Moore, R. R., A study of slip lines, strain lines and cracks in metals under repeated stress, Univ. Illionis Engr. Expt. Station, Bull 191

(1929) -[Ref. 454]. Morooka, T., Variation of Young's modulus of 65 : 35 brass due to rolling and annealing, Nippon Kinzoku Gakkai-Si 23, 573 (1959) —

[Ref. 412]. Moroz, L. S., Kolgatin, N. N., Teodorovich, V. P., Deryabina, V. I., Influence of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of nickel and

copper, Phys. Metals Metallog. 16, No. 5, 87 (1963)-[Ref. 385]. 234. Munse, W. H., Weil, N. A., Mechanical properties of copper at various temperatures, Proc. ASTM 51, 996 (1951). 235. Musatti, I., Dainelli, L., Influence of heat treatment on the fatigue and

corrosion resistance of aluminum bronze, Allumino 4, 51 (1935); Aluminum Bronze, Copper Dev. Assoc. Publ. 31. 236. Nadai, A., Manjoine, H. J., High speed tension tests at elevated temperatures. Part II and III, J. Appl. Mech. 8, 77 (1941). Nadgornyi, E. M., Stepanov, A. V., Testing of filamentary crystals in tension and bending, Soviet Phys. -Solid State 3, #4, 778 (1961)-

[Ref. 410]. 237. Nara, T., Yamada, Y., Study of zone-refined high purity copper. Pt. 2. Tensile tests and room temperature recrystallization of zone- melted copper, J. Inst. Metals, Japan 24, 744 (1960). Nara, T., Nishihata, M., Akiyama, M., Vickers microhardness of zone

refined copper, J. Inst. Metals, Japan 25, 72 (1961)-[Ref. 407]. Nine, H. D., Discontinuities in the S-N fatigue curve of {111) copper

single crystals. Trans. AIME 233, 1444 (1965)-[Ref. 414]. 238. Neighbours, J. R., Smith, C. S., The elastic constants of copper alloys. Acta Met. 2, 591 (1954). 239. North American Aviation, Inc., Materials Property Manual and Summary Report (Internal Rept. AL-2604, Canoga Park, Calif., 1957). 240. Novikov, A. V., Chervyakova, V. V., Presnyakov, A. A., Ductility of LS59-1 brass at high temperatures, Tsvetnge Metally. No. 4, 73

(1964). 241. Novokreshchenov, P. D., Savchenko, N. V., Effect of low-melting-point metal coatings on the mechanical properties of metals after thermal cychng, Dokl. Acad. Nauk. (SSSR) 148, 328 (1963). 242. Nunes, J., Larson, F. R., Low temperature hardness and flow stress relationships of metals, J. Inst. Metals 91, 114 (1962). 243. Okuda, S., Dislocation relaxation peaks in F.C.C. metals after defor- mation at 4.2 °K, Sci. Papers, Inst. Phys. Chem. Res. (Tokyo) 57,

116 (1964). 244. Overton, W. C, Gaffney, J., Temperature variation of the elastic constants of cubic elements, I. — Copper, Phys. Rev. 98, 969(1955).

245. Packer, M. E., Wood, W. A., Room-temperature creep in cold-drawn copper under alternating torsion and tensile load, J. Inst. Metals 92,

413 (1964). 246. Panseri, C., Leoni, M., Mori, L., Fatigue resistance and corrosion

fatigue of aluminum bronzes Xantol B and XM under cyclic bending, Alluminio 29, 113 (1962). 247. Parker, E. R., Ferguson, C., Rupture tests at 200 degrees cent, on some

copper alloys. Trans. ASM 31, 699 (1943). 248. Parker, E. R., Ferguson, C., The effect of strain rate upon the tensile impact strength of some metals, Trans. ASM 30, 68 (1942). 249. Parker, E. R., Riisness, D. F., Effect of grain size and bar diameter on creep rate of copper at 200 °C, Trans. AIME 156, 117 (1944). 250. Parker, R. J., Estimation of stress-rupture properties from hot hard- ness tests, Metallurgia 67, 219 (1963).

Parker, E. R., The (•(((•cl lA i;npurilir;s on some high temperature

properties of copper. Trans. ASM 29, 269 (l941)-[Kef. 4.55). 251. Pels, A. R., Elevated temperature properties of copper base alloys. Wire and Wire Prod. 37, 1.398 (1962). 252. Pester, F., Festigkeilspruf urigen an .Stangen und Drahlen bei liefen Temperatures, Z. Metallk. 24, 1 15 (19.32). 253. Pester, F., Die Festigkeitseigenschaften von elektrischen l,<-itijrig»- drahten bei tiefen Temperaturen, Z. Metallk. 22 , 261 (I9.i0).

2.54. Phillips, W. L., A vagary of fracture. Trans. AS.M 56, 778 (196.3). Phillips, W. L., Aluminum and copper tested in direct shear. Trans. AIME 224, 845 (1 962) -(Ref. 4.50], 2.55. Phillips, A. J., Smith, A. A., KiU-ct of time on tensile properties of hard-drawn copper wire, Proc. ASTM 36, 263 (1936).

Piatti, L., Eigenschaften von Wukstoffen im Ti(-ftemperaturegebeit

flussiger Case, Schweizer Archiv. 26, 100 (1960)-[Hef. 429]. Pines, B. Ya., Sirenko, A. F., Diffusion (;reep rate in nu-tals at temperatures below the melting point, Fiz. Metal. Metallov. 15, .584 (]96.3)-[Ref. ,389]. Pines, B. Ya., Sirenko, A. F., The calculated and empirical values of the lifetime of metals and alloys under a load, Fiz. Tverdogo Tela. 2, No. 6, 1043 (I960) -[Ref. 445]. 256. Pines, B. Ya., Ivanov, I. G., High-temperature mechanical properties

of alloys of the copper-nickel system, Soviet Phys.-Solid State 4,

No. 8, 1.543 (1963). 257. Pomey, G., Gunbach, M., Lajeunesse, D., Crussard, C., Stamping tests on thin sheets, ITnst. Res de Siderurgie Publ. Seris A (Feb. 1962),

p. 809.

258. Pomp, A., Kirsch, A., Haupt, G., Kerbschlagzahigkeit legierter Stable

bei Temperaturen von +20 bis —253° (Siedetemperatur des Wasserstoffs). Mitt. Kaiser-Wilhelm-Inst. Eisenforsch., Dusseldorf 21,

219 (1939). 259. Porembski, C. J., Pritchard, H. R., Survey of literature on notch- impact resistance of wrought aluminum, copper, and magnesium

base alloys at normal and subnormal temperatures, Frankford

Arsenal, ASTIA Rept. 49187 (1949). 260. Port, J. H., Blank, A. /., The creep characteristics of copper-nickel

alloys at 300, 400, and 500F, Proc. ASTM 54, 1038 (1954). 261. Porter, J., Levy, J. C., The fatigue curves of copper, J. Inst. Metals 89, 86, (1960). 262. Postnikov, V. S., Internal friction and shear modulus of pure copper and beryUium bronze, Dokl. Akad. Nauk. (SSSR) 91, 79 (1953). 263. Price, W. B., Properties of copper and some of its important industrial

alloys at elevated temperatures, Symposium on Effect of Temperature on the Properties of Metals (ASTM and ASME, Philadelphia,

1931), p. 340.

264. Price, W. B., Bailey, R. W., Fatigue properties of five cold-rolled copper alloys. Trans. AIME 124, 271 (1937). 265. Pritchard, H. R., Survey of literature on the effect of testing temperature on the properties of wrought copper base alloys, Frankford

Arsenal, ASTIA Rept. AD202866 (1959). 266. Rayne, J. A., Elastic constants of a-brasses: Variation with solute concentration from 4.2 °K-300 °K, Phys. Rev. 115, 63 (1959). 267. Ramsey, R. H., Jaffee, R. /., Nekervis, R. J., The mechanical and

physical properties of certain aluminum-bronze alloys over a temperature range of — 295 °F to 1000 °F, (Battelle Mem. Inst. Rept.

for AMPCO Metal Inc., 1946). Rhines, F. N., Impurities in the common nonferrous metals, Eff'ect of Residual Elements (Am. Soc. Metals, Cleveland. 1957). p. 28 —

[Ref. 426]. 268. Read, H. J., Graham, A. H., The elastic modulus and internal friction of electrodeposited copper, J. Electrochem. Soc. 108, 73 (1961). 269. Richards, J. T., Brick, R. M., Mechanical properties of beryllium cop- per at subzero temperatures, J. Metals 6, 574 (1954). 270. Ripling, E. J., Notch tensile behavior of face centered cubic metals, Proc. ASTM 56, 662 (1956). 271. Rittenhouse, J. B., Impact properties of grade 8 Al bronze at subzero temperatures (AMPCO Metal Inc., Report No. 11 A-212. 1952). Quotes unpublished Battelle Mem. Inst, and Ohio State Univ. data. 272. Roberson, J. A., Grosskreutz, J. C., Fatigue of copper-zinc alloys at 100 °K, Acta Met. 11, 795 (1963). 273. Robin, M. F., The hardness of steels at low temperatures. Rev. Met.

6, 162 (1909). 274. Rosenberg, H. M., The properties of metals at low temperatures. Progress in Metal Physics 7 (Pergamon Press, New York, 1958),

p. 339.

275. Rosenfield, A. R., Averbach, B. L., The initial stages of plastic defor- mation in aluminum and copper. Acta Met. 8, 624 (1960). 276. Rosi, F. D., Surface effects on plastic properties of copper crystals. Acta Met. 5, 348 (1957). 277. Rostoker, W., Fracture of metals. III. Inst. Tech., ASTIA Rept. AD435021 (1963). 278. Rovinsky, B. M., Rybakova, L. M., Dependence of mechanical properties on structural characteristics of metals, Fiz. Metal. Metallov. (USSR) 17, 554 (1964). 279. Rudeloff, (1898), as quoted in Ref. 179. 280. Russel, H. W., Effect of Low Temperatures on .Metals and .AJloys (ASTM and ASME, Philadelphia, Pa., 1931). Rybakova, Z,. M., Nikitina, /. /., Study of the time dependence of strength of Ni-Al and Cu-AI alloys, Fiz! Metal. Metallov. (USSR), 16,

107 (1963)-[Ref. 381]. 281. Saarivirta, M. J., Taubenblat, P. P., Some high temperature properties

of copper-zirconium and copper-chromium high-conductivitv alloys. Trans. AIME 218, 935 (1960). Saarivirta, M. J., High conductivity copper-rich Cu-Zr alloys. Trans. AIME 2 1 8, 431 (1960) -(Ref. 373). 157
Sauenvald, V. F., Die Abhangigkeit der Harte von der Temperatur,

Z. Metallk. 16, 315 (]924)-[Ref. 424]. 282. Schoenmaker, P., Zerreiss- und Schlag-versuche bei tiefen Temperaturen. First Commun., New Intern. Assn. Testing Mats., Group A

(1930), p. 237.

283. Schramm, K. H., Data for the determination of the temperature de- pendence of bulk modulus of pure metals, Z. Metallk. 53, 316 (1962). Schwab, G.-M., Some new aspects of the strength of alloys. Trans. Faraday Soc. 45, 385 (1949) -[Ref. 427]. Schmunk, R. E., Smith, C. S., Elastic constants of copper-nickel

aUoys, Acta Met. 8, 396 (1960) -[Ref. 447]. 284. Schwartzbart, H., Brown, W. F., Notch-bar tensile properties of various materials and their relation to the unnotch flow curve and

notch sharpness. Trans. ASM 46, 998 (1954). 285. Schwinning, W., Strobel, E., An investigation of the temperature

dependence of tensile strength of copper by static and dynamic

strain, Z. Metallk. 26, 1 (1934). 286. Schwope, A. D., Smith, K. F., Jackson, L. R., The comparative creep

properties of several types of commercial coppers. Trans. AIME

185, 409 (1949). Secciani, A., Mechanical properties of irradiated solids, Mecchine 16,

969 (1961) -[Ref. 396]. 287. Seigle, L., Brick, R. M., Mechanical properties of metals at low temperatures; a survey. Trans. ASM 40, 813 (1948). 288. Shevandin, E. M., An investigation of the stress-strain diagram at low temperatures, Engrs. Digest 10, 7 (1949). Shurkov, S. N., Das Problem der Festigkeit fester Korper, Z. Physik

213, 183 (1960)-[Ref. 463]. 289. Siede, A., Metcalfe, A. G., The Fatigue Hardening of Copper, Trans. AIME 215, 947 (1959). 290. Simakovskiy, A. P., High-temperature strength of copper-chromium

and copper-nickel alloys, Metall. Obrab. Metallov (USSR) 6, 41

(1958). Simmons, W. F., Sirois, B. J., Properties of 60-40 copper-nickel aUoy

at temperatures ranging up to 1050 T, Proc. ASTM 61, 247 (1961)-

[Ref. 352]. Simmons, W. F., Sirois, B. J., Williams, D. N., Jaffee, R. /., Properties of 70-30 copper-nickel alloy at temperatures ranging up to 1050 °F, Proc. ASTM 59, 1035 (1959) -[Ref. 355]. 291. Sinclair, G. M., Craig, W. J., Influence of grain size on work hardening and fatigue characteristics of alpha brass. Trans. ASM 44,

929 (1952). Slate, P. M. B., Billings, M. J. W., Fuller, P. J. A., The ductility of copper at high strain rates, J. Inst. Metals 94, 236 (1965) — [Ref.

372]. 292. Smirnov, B., Chernjak, V., Mechanical properties of special steels and non-ferrous metals at low temperatures. Metallurgy 8, 88

(1936), abstracted in Metallurgical Abstracts, Inst. Metals 3, 521

(1936). 293. Smith, A. D. N., The effect of small amounts of cold-work on Young's modulus of copper, Phil. Mag. 44, 453 (1953). 294. Smith, C. S., Wagner, R. W., The tensile properties of some copper

alloys, Proc. ASTM 41, 825 (1941). 295. Smith, C. S., Mechanical properties of copper and its alloys at low

temperatures: A review, Proc. ASTM 39, 642 (1939). 296. Smith, C. S., Proportional limit tests on copper alloys. Proc. ASTM 40,

864 (1940). 297. Smith, J. E., Tension tests of metals at strain rates up to 200 sec~\

Mat. Res. Std. 3, 713 (1963). 298. Smithells, C. J., Metals Reference Book (Interscience, Inc., New

York, 1949). Sosin, A., Bienvenue, L. L., Effect of electron irradiation and subse- quent thermal treatment on Young's modulus of copper, J. Appl.

Phys. 31, 249 (1960) -[Ref. 448]. 299. Spector, E. N., Rakhshtadt, A. G., Gorelik, S. W., Sagalova, T. B., Effect of pre-recrystaUization annealing on elasticity and structure of cold rolled metals and alloys with FCC lattice, Fiz, Metal. Metallov. 17 , 445 (1964). 300. Stevens Inst. Tech., Peirce Mem. Lab. Met., Studies in the behavior

of certain non-ferrous metals at low temperatures (Contract DA36-039-SC-15393), (1952). 301. Stokes, H. J., Apparatus for the measurement of Young's modulus

between —200 and 700 °C by transverse vibration in vacuum, J. Sci. Instr. 37, 117 (1960). 302. Strauss, J., Metals and alloys for industrial applications requiring extreme stability. Trans. Am. Soc. Steel Treat. 16, 191 (1929). Strauss, J., Disc, of Ref. 280. Symposium on Effect of Temperature

on Metals (ASTM and ASME, Philadelphia, Pa., 1931)- [Ref. 351]. 303. Subrahmanyam, B., Krishnamurty, B. H., Elastic velocities and- moduli of some copper base binary aUoys, Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys.

1, 185 (1963). 304. Sumino, K., Yamamoto, M., Work-hardening of foil crystals of copper,

J. Phys. Soc. Japan 18, 73 (1963). 305. Sweetland, E. D., Parker, E. R., Effect of surface condition on creep

of some commercial metals, J. Appl. Mech. 20, 30 (1953). 306. Takenaka, Y., Fatigue of metals under repeated finite strain, Bull. Japan Soc. Mech. Engrs. 3, No. 12, 419 (1960). 307. Tapsell, H. J., Johnson, A. E., The properties of copper in relation to low stresses. The effect of cold-work, heat-treatment, and composition. Pt. II, J. Inst. Metals 40, 89 (1932). Tapsell, H. J., Johnson, A. E., Clenshaw, W. J., Properties of materials

at high temperatures, 6. —The strength at high temperatures of

six steels and three non-ferrous metals, Dept. Sci. Indust. Res.,

Engr. Res. Bd., Spec. Rept. 18, London, Great Britain (1932 —

[Ref. 421]. 308. Tarr, A. L., Usborn, J. M., White, A. C., Properties of metallic materials

at low temperatures (U.S. Army Engr. Corps. Engr. Center, Fort

Belvoir, Va., 1956). 309. Teed, P. L., Aircraft metallic materials under low temperature conditions. Royal Aero. Soc. (1951), p. 61. 310. Teed, P. L., The Properties of Metallic Materials at Low Temperatures,

Vol. I, (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1950). Terry, C. A., Taylor, E. A., Welding of cupro-nickel and aluminumbronze alloys, J. Brit. Welding 5, 211 (1958)-[Ref. 358]. Thiruvengadem, A., High frequency fatigue of metals and their cavi- tation damage resistance, Hydronautics, Inc., ASTIA Rept. AD456365 (1964)-[Ref. 357]. 311. Thompson, D. 0., Holmes, D. K., Dislocation contribution to the temperature dependence of the internal friction and Young's modulus

of copper, J. Appl. Phys. 30, 525 (1959). 312. Thompson, D. 0., Pare, V. K., Effect of fast neutron bombardment at various temperatures upon the Young's modulus and internal fric- tion of copper, J. Appl. Phys. 31, 528 (1960). Thompson, N., Recent work on the nature of fatigue damage. Symposium on Fatigue (Intn. Conf. Czechoslovak Sci. -Tech. -Soc,

Prague, 1961) p. 84 -[Ref. 379]. 313. Tietz, T. E., Dorn, J. E., Creep of copper at intermediate temperatures.

Trans. AIME 2 06, 156 (1956). Titchener, A. L., Davies, G. J., Yield phenomena in polycrystalline copper, Phil. Mag. 10, 1225 (1965) -[Ref. 360]. 314. Townsend, J. R., Greenall, C. H., Fatigue studies of non-ferrous metals, Proc. ASTM 29, 353 (1929). Tsobkallo, S. O., Vashchenko. Z. A., Effect of plastic deformation and

annealing on the elastic properties of L62 brass, Metallov. i. Term.

Obrab. Metal. 10, 38 (1959)-[Ref. 417]. 315. Turnbow, J. W., Ripperger, E. A., Strain-rate effects on stress-strain characteristics of aluminum and copper (Proc. Fourth Midwestern

Conf. on Sohd Mechanics, U. Texas, 1959) p. 415. Unckel, H., Mechanical properties of two-phase alloys as affected by

microstructure, Pt. I.. Z. Metallk. 54, 525 (1963)-[Ref. 384]. Unwin, W. C., The Testing of Materials of Construction (Longmans, Greenard Co., New York, 1888) p. 339- [Ref. 422]. 316. Upthegrove, C., Burghoff, H. L., Elevated temperature properties of copper and copper base alloys, ASTM-ASME Joint Comm. on the

Effect of Temperature on the Properties of Metals, ASTM Spec. Tech. Publ. 181 (1956). 317. Upthegrove, €., White, A., Available data on the properties of nonferrous metals and alloys at various temperatures, Proc. ASTM

24,88(1924).

318. Uzhik, G. v.. Strength and plasticity of metals at low temperatures,

Natl. Lending Libr. Sci. Tech., Boston Spa., Yorkshire (1961). Translated from Izdatel'stro Akad. Nauk. (SSSR) Moskva. (1957). 319. Vitman, F. F., Ivanov, M. I., Joffe, B. S., Tensile strength of ductile metals under sudden load. Fiz. Met. Metallov. 18, 717 (1964). 320. Voce, E., The mechanical properties, including creep of aluminum

bronzes at elevated temperatures, Metallurgia 35, 3 (1946). Volkohon, H. M., Primatova, L. V., Relationship between tensile strength and hardness at high temperatures, Zavodskaya Labs. 25, 858 (1960)-[Ref. 415]. Vosskuhler, H., Das Zeitstandverhalten des reinen und niedriglegierten

Kupfers (Literaturubersicht), Metall. 46, 525 (1955) -[Ref. 437]. 321. Vosskuhler, H., Creep behavior of wrought copper-nickel alloys

(Lit. Survey VI), Metall. 14, 1081 (1960). 322. Vosskuhler, H., Das Zeitstandverhalten des gekneteten Messings

(Pt. Ill), MetaU. 11, 193 (1957). 323. Vosskuhler, H., Das Zeitstandverhalten des gekneteten Sonder- messinge (Lit. Survey IV), Metall. 11, 944 (1957). 324. Vosskuhler, H., Das Zeitstandverhalten des reinen und niedriglegierten

Kupfers (Lit. Survey II), Metall. 10, 1020 (1956). Vosskuhler, H., Das Zeitstandverhalten der gekneteten Aluminiumbronzen und Mehrstoff-Aluminiumbronzen (Lit. Survey V), Metall. 13, 101.7 (1959) -[Ref. 419]. 325. Wadsworth, N. J., Work hardening of copper crystals under cychc

straining. Acta Met. 11, 663 (1963). 326. Wadsworth, N. J., The effect of environment on metal fatigue, Proc.

of Symposium on Internal Stresses and Fatigue in Metals (Elsevier Publ. Co., New York, 1959), p. 382. 327. Waldorf, D. L., Temperature and composition dependence of the

elastic constants of dilute alloys of manganese in copper, Phys.

Chem. Solids 16, 90 (1960). 328. Warren, K. A., Reed, R. P., Tensile and impact properties of selected

materials from 20 to 300 °K, NBS Mono. 63 (U. S. Govt. Printing

Office, Washington, D. C, 1963). 329. Waterhouse, H., Tensile and impact properties of die casting alloys

at various temperatures, Pt. 1, Advisory Comm. (Die Casting)

Ministry of Supply, England, ASTIA Rept. AD159071 (1958). 330. Watson, J., Properties of engineering materials at extreme subzero temperatures with supplementary information on liquid hydrogen, Convair Astron. Report EMG-44 (1958). 331. Weibull, W., Scatter of fatigue life and fatigue strength in aircraft structural materials and parts, Aeron. Res. Inst., Sweden, ASTIA

Rept. AD217372 (1956). 332. Weill-Couiy, P., Comportement des toles soudees et non-soundees

on cupro-aluminums a la temperature de I'azoto liquid ( — 196.4

°C), Cuivre Laitons AUiages, No. 78, 3 (1964).

158
333. Wellinger, K., Seufert W., Untersuchungen uber das Festigkeits- verhalten Metallischer Workstoffe bei tiefen Temperatures (Re- search on the strength properties of metals at low temperatures),

Z. Metallk. 41, 317 (1950). 334. Welter, I. G., Ermudung durch kritische statische Dauerbelastung,

Z. Metallk. 20, 51 (1928). Welter, G., Statische Dauerfestigkeit von Metallen und Legierungen,

Z. Metallk. 18, 75, 117 (1926)-[Ref. 458]. 335. Wessel, E. T., Some exploratory observations of the tensile properties of metals at very low temperatures, Westinghouse Res.

Labs., Sci. Paper 8-0103-Pl (1956). Westbrook, J. H., Microhardness testing at high temperatures, Proc. ASTM 57 , 873 (1957)- [Ref. 359]. 336. White, A. E., Clark, C. L., Discussion on properties of copper and

its alloys, Symposium on Effect of Temperature on the Properties of Metals (ASTM and ASME, Philadelphia, Pa., 1931), p. 365. White, A. E., Clark, C. L., Influence of grain size on the high temperature characteristics of ferrous and nonferrous alloys. Trans. ASM

26, 1069 (1934)- [Ref. 420]. 337. While, A. E., Siebert, C. A., Literature Survey on the Low Temperature Properties of Metals (J. W. Edwards, Inc., Ann Arbor, Mich.,

1947). 338. Whitwham, D., Lequet, R., Herenquel, J., Annealing of 70/30 brass, Mem. Sclent. Rev. Metal 57, 809 (1960). 339. Wilkins, R. A., Bunn, E. S., Copper Base Alloys (McGraw-Hill Book

Co., Inc., New York, 1943). 340. Witzig, W. F., Creep of copper under deuteron bombardment, J. Appl. Phys. 23, 1263 (1952). 341. Wolff, R. P., Dodd, R. A., Fatigue properties of some age-hardened

alloys. Mat. Res. Std. 3, 734 (1963). 342. Wood, W. A., Metal fatigue in torsion at large and intermediate

amplitudes, J. Inst. Metals 91, 225 (1963). 343. Wood, W. A., Bendler, H. M., Effect of superimposed static tension on the fatigue processes in copper subjected to alternating torsion. Trans. AIME 2 2 4, 18 (1962). 344. Wood, W. A., Reimann, W. H., Extension of copper and brass under

tension and cyclic torsion, Columbia Univ., ASTIA Rept. AD465537

(1965). 345. Wright, J. C, Effects of irradiation on non-fissile metals. Metallurgy

in Nuclear Power Technology (Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood

Cliffs, N. J., 1962), p. 147. 346. Yampolski, B. Ya., Amfiteatrova, T. A., Investigation of the deformation of metals under low stresses on some regularities of creep in copper and aluminum, Fiz. Metal. Metallov. (USSR) 4, 131 (1957). Yoshida, S., Tazaki, K., Tanisawa, H., Mizuta, K., Mechanical properties of castings of phosphor bronzes, J. Japan Foundrymen's

Soc, Imono. 32, 940 (I960)- [Ref. 405]. Young, F. W., On the yield stress of copper crystals, J. Appl. Phys.

33,963 (1962)-[Ref. 431]. Zakharov, A. /., Effect of neutron bombardment on the elastic modulus

and internal friction of copper, Fiz. Metal. Metallov. 13, 241

(1962) -[Ref. 392]. 347. Zambrow, J. L., Fontana, M. G., Mechanical properties, including

fatigue, of aircraft alloys at very low temperatures. Trans. ASM

41, 480 (1949). 348. Zetzsche, A., Hauser, O., Investigations on the E modulus of cold worked copper. Intern. Symp. Pure Materials in Sci. and Tech., Dresden (1961, 1963), p. 267.

349. Zetzsche, A., Hauser, O., Investigations of the Young's modulus of copper after cold-working and irradiation, Zentralinstitut fur Kernphysik, Dresden, Rept. (ZFK-WF17), 1962. 350. Zimmerli, F. P., Wood, W. P., Wilson, G. D., The effect of temperature upon the torsional modulus of spring materials, Proc. ASTM

30, 350 (1930). 351. Strauss, J., Disc, of Ref. 280, Symposium on Effect of Temperature

on Metals, (ASTM and ASME, Philadelphia, Pa., 1931). 352. Simmons, W. F., Sirois, B. J., Properties of 60-40 copper nickel alloy

at temperatures ranging up to 1050 F, Proc. ASTM 61, 247 (1961). 353. Greenwood, J. N., Miller, D. R., Suiter, J. W., Intergranular Cavitation in stressed metals. Acta Met. 2, 250 (1954). 354. Diehl, J., Berner, R., Temperaturabhangigkeit der Verfestigung von

Kupfer-Einkristallen oberhalb 78 °K, Z. Metallk. 51, 522 (1960). 355. Simmons, W. F., Sirois, B. J., Williams, D. N., Jaffee, R. I., Properties

of 70-30 copper-nickel alloy at temperatures ranging up to 1050 °F, Proc. ASTM 59, 1035 (1959). 356. Cough, H. J., Sopwith, D. G., Some further experiments on atmospheric

action in fatigue, J. Inst. Metals 56, 551 (1935). 357. Thiruvengadem, A., High frequency fatigue of metals and their cavitation damage resistance, Hydronautics, Inc., ASTIA Rept. AD456365 (1964). 358. Terry, C. A., Taylor, E. A., Welding of cupro-nickel and aluminumbronze alloys, J. Brit. Welding 5, 211 (1958). 359. Westbrook, J. H., Microhardness testing at high temperatures, Proc. ASTM 57 , 873 (1957). 360. Titchener, A. L., Davies, C. J., Yield phenomena in polycrystalline copper, Phil. Mag. 10, 1225 (1965). 361. Koppenaal, T. J., Neutron irradiation strengthening in copper single

crystals, Phil. Mag. 10, 1257 (1965). 362. Blank, A. I., Burghoff, H. L., Creep characteristics of phosphorized copper (0.019 per cent P) at 300, 400, and 500 F, Proc. ASTM 51,

981 (1951). 363. Moore, H. F., Wishart, H. B., Lyon, S. W., Slow bend and impact

tests of notched bars at low temperatures, Proc. A.STM 36, 110

(19,36). 364. Alers, C. A., Zimmerman, J. E., Dislocation mobility in i.<:.<:. metals below 1 °K, Phys. Rev. 139, A414 (1965). 365. Greaves, R. H., Jones, J. A., The effect of temperature on the hi^haviour of metals and alloys in the notched-bar impact test, J. Inst. Metals 34, 85 (192,5). 366. McAdam, D. J., Jr., Ceil, G. W., The variation of the strength, re- sistance to oxidation, and electrical conductivity of metals with temperature. Trans. ASM 33, 514 (1944). 367. Jeffries, Z., Effect of temperature, deformation, and grain size on the mechanical properties of metals. Trans. AIME 60, 474 (1919). 368. Hudson, O. F., McKeown, J., The properties of copper in relatirjn to low stresses. Pt. I. Tensile and compression tests under short-time

loading, J. Inst. Metals 48, 69 (19.32). 369. Herenquel, J., LeNouaille, M., Einfluss ver schiedener Zusatze auf das Warmverhalten von Messing Ms 70 unter mechanischer

Beanspruchung, Metall. 11, 6,52 (1957). 370. McAdam, D. J., Jr., Mebs, R. W., An investigation of the technical cohesive strength of metals. Trans. AIME 162, 474 (1945). 371. Jenkins, C. H. M., Bucknall, E. H., Jenkinson, E. A., The inter- relation of age-hardening and creep performance. (Pt. II.) J. Inst. Metals 70, 57 (1944). 372. Slate, P. M. B., Billings, M. J. W., Fuller, P. J. A., The ductility of copper at high strain rates, J. Inst. Metals 94, 236 (1965). 373. Saarivirta, M. J., High conductivity copper-rich Cu-Zr alloys. Trans. AIME 2 1 8, 431 (1960). 374. Hundy, B. B., Strain aging in 70-30 brass, J. Inst. Metals 82, 115

(1953-54). 375. Jungclaus, H. J., Change of the modulus of elasticity of quenched

Cu at room temperature, Z. Metallk. 54, 154 (1963). 376. Benson, N. D., McKeown, J., Mends, D. N., The creep and softening

properties of copper for alternator rotor windings, J. Inst. Metals 80, 131 (1951). 377. Dennison, J. P., Some creep characteristics of a group of precipitation hardening alloys based on the alpha copper-aluminum phase,

J. Inst. Metals 82, 117 (1953-54). 378. Dennison, J. P., Creep behavior at 300 °C of a group of precipitation- hardening alloys based on the alpha copper-aluminum phase, J. Inst. Metals 83, 465 (1954-55). 379. Thompson, N., Recent work on the nature of fatigue damage. Symposium on Fatigue (Intn. Conf. Czechoslovak Sci. -Tech. -Soc, Prague, 1961), p. 84. 380. Beresnev, B. I., Balychev, D. K., Mechanical properties of Al and Cu

after high-pressure extruding, Fiz. Metal. Metallov. (USSR) 16,

177 (1963). 381. Rybakova, L. M., Nikitina, I. I., Study of the time dependence of strength of Ni-Al and Cu-Al alloys, Fiz. Metal. Metallov. (USSR),

16, 107 (1963). 382. Diehl, J., Influence of neutron irradiation on the mechanical properties

of face-centered cubic crystals. Radiation Damage in Sohds (Intn. Publ. Inc., New York, 1962), p. 129. 383. litaka, I., Morooka, T., On the variation of Young's modulus of 65-35 brass resulting from cold rolling and annealing, Waseda Univ. Castings Res. Lab. Rept 13, 29 (1962). 384. Unckel, H., Mechanical properties of two-phase alloys as affected by

microstructure, Pt. I., Z. Metallk. 54, 525 (1963). 385. Moroz, L. S., Kolgatin, N. N., Teodorovich, V. P., Deryabina, V. I., Influence of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of nickel and

copper, Phys. Metals Metallog. 16, No. 5, 87 (1963). 386. Hukai, S., Takeuchi, K., An experimental study on the effects of environments on the fatigue strength of some copper alloys, Sumi- tomo Light Metal Tech. Rept. 1, 18, (1960). 387. Ke, N. P., Strength and deformation pecularities of binary metal

whiskers, Acta Physica Sinica 19, 807 (1963). 388. Koppenaal, T. J., Kuhlmann-Wilsdorf, D., The effect of prestressing on the strength of neutron-irradiation copper single crystals, Appl.

Phys. Lett. 4, No. 3, 59 (1964). 389. Pines, B. Ya., Sirenko, A. F., Diffusion creep rate in metals at temperatures below the melting point, Fiz. Metal. Metallov. 15, 584 (1963). 390. Bystrov, L. N., Ivanov, L. I., Prokoshkin, D. A., Creep of copper and

copper-nickel alloys during torsion, Izvest. Akad Nauk (SSSR), Met. i Topi. 5, 197 (1962). 391. Grishkevich, A. E., Kumin, N. F., Plastic deformation of copper

extended at various temperatures and strain rate. Fiz. Metal.

Metallov. 16, 427 (1963). 392. Zakharov, A. I., Effect of neutron bombardment on the elastic modulus

and internal friction of copper, Fiz. Metal. Metallov. 13, 241 (1962). 393. Makin, M. J., Manthorpe, S. A., Hardening of copper irradiated at -195 X, Acta Met. 9, 886 (1961). 394. Keil, A., The compressive strength of some copper alloys for electro- technical purposes, Metall. 15, 421 (1961). 395. Blewitt, T. H., Low temperature irradiation studies. Proc. Intn. School Physics, E. Fermi Course XVIII (Radiation Damage in Solids, Academic Press, New York, 1962), p. 630.

396. Secciani, A., Mechanical properties of irradiated solids. Mecchine

16, 969 (1961). 397. Koppenaal, T. J., The effect of neutron irradiation on the strength of a-Cu-Al single crystals. Acta Met. 12 , 487 (1964). 398. Eden, F. X., Meyer, V., Tensile strength measurements on copper

whiskers, Naturewissenschaften 47, 352 (1960). 399. Bovet, H., Zirconium alloyed copper, Pro-Metal 13 , 375 (1960).

159
400. Hu, L. W Determination of the plastic stress-strain relations in tension of Nittany No. 2 brass under hydrostatic pressure, 3d

U. S. Nat. Congr. Appl. Mechanics, (1958), p. 557.

401. Makins, N., Shidara, H., Studies of Cr-Be copper, J. Inst. Metals, Japan 24, 496 (1960). 402. Leiber, C. O., Macherarauch, E., Radiographic elasticity constants

for tensile lattice deformation in the (400) plane of pure copper,

Z. Metallk. 51, 621 (1960). 403. Baron, V. V. Savitskii, E. M., The effect of temperature on the strength

of brittle metallic substances, Dokl. Acad. Nauk. (SSSR) 94,

269 (1954). 404. Honma, Y., Kobayashi, S., Oya, M., Kobayasi, K., Mechanical properties of castings of yellow brasses, J. Japan Foundrymen's Soc,

Imono. 32, 908, 915 (1960). 405. Yoshida, S., Tazaki, K., Tanisawa, H., Mizuta, K., Mechanical properties of castings of phosphor bronzes, J. Japan Foundrymen's

Soc, Imono. 32, 940 (1960). 406. Hikata, A., Effect of plastic deformation on ultrasonic attenuation

in metals. Govt. Mechanical Lab., Japan, Kept. No. 39, (Oct. 1960). 407. Nara, T., Nishihata, M., Akiyama, M., Vickers microhardness of zone refined copper, J. Inst. Metals, Japan 25, 72 (1961). 408. Leiber, C. 0., Macherarauch, E., Work hardening and residual stress

of surface layers on tensile deformed copper specimens, Z. Metallk. 52, 196 (1961). 409. Hirsch, P. B., Warrington, D. H., The flow stress of aluminum and

copper at high temperatures, Phil. Mag. 6, 735 (1961). 410. Nadgornyi, E. M., Stepanov, A. V., Testing of filamentary crystals

in tension and bending, Soviet Phys.-Solid State 3, No. 4, 778

(1961). 411. Hukai, S., Takeuchi, K., Mechanical properties of cupro-nickel at room and high temperatures, Sumitomo Light-Metal Tech. Rept.

1, 83 (1960). 412. Morooka, T., Variation of Young's modulus of 65-35 brass due to rolling and annealing, Nippon Kinzoku Gakkai-Si 23, 573 (1959). 413. Amjiteatrova, T. A., YampoVsky, B. Ya., Deformation of metals at low stresses. II. — Influence of adsorption-active media on creep of copper and aluminum, Phys. Metals Metallog. 7, No. 5, 130 (1959). 414. Nine, H. D., Discontinuities in the S-N fatigue curve of (111) copper

single crystals. Trans. AIME 2 3 3, 1444 (1965). 415. Volkohon, H. M., Primatova, L. V., Relationship between tensile strength and hardness at high temperatures, Zavodskaya Labs. 25, 858 (1960). 416. Davenport, C. C, Correlation of creep and relaxation properties of copper. Trans. ASME 60, A-55 (1938). 417. Tsobkallo, S. 0., Vashchenko, Z. A., Effect of plastic deformation and

annealing on the elastic properties of L62 brass, Metallov. i. Term.

Obrab. Metal. No. 10, 38 (1959). 418. Le Chatelier. A.. On the influence of hardness on the results of studies of metals. Comm. des Methodes d'Essai Materiaux de

Construction 2 A, 335 (1895). 419. Vosskuhler, H., Das Zeitstandverhalten der gekneteten Aluminiumbronzen und mehrstoff-Aluminiumbronzen (Lit. Survey V), Metall. 13, 1017 (1959). 420. White, A. E. Clark, C. L., Influence of grain size on the high temperature characteristics of ferrous and nonferrous alloys. Trans. ASM

26, 1069 (1934). 421. Tapsell, H. J., Johnson, A. E., Clenshaw, W. J., Properties of materials

at high temperatures. 6. The strength at high temperatures of six steels and three nonferrous metals. Dept. Sci. Indust. Res., Engr.

Res. Bd., Spec. Rept. No. 18, London, Great Britain (1932). 422. Unwin, W. C., The Testing of Materials of Construction, (Long- mans, Greenard Co., New York, 1888), p. 339.

423. Kurth, A., Untersuchungen iiber den Einfluss der Warme auf die Harte der Metalls, Z. Vereines Deut. Ingen. 53, 85, 209 (1909). 424. Sauerwald, V. F., Die Abhangigkeit der Harte von der Temperatur,

Z. Metallk. 16, 315 (1924). 425. Donachie, M. J., Steele, R. K., Shepheard, P. G., Elevated-temperature behavior of annealed 70-30 copper-nickel, Proc. ASTM 63,

598 (1963). 426. Rhines, F. N., Impurities in the common nonferrous metals. Effect

of Residual Elements (Am. Soc. Metals, Cleveland, 1957), p. 28. 427. Schwab, G.-M., Some new aspects of the strength of alloys. Trans. Faraday Soc. 45, 385 (1949). 428. Blatherwick, A. A., Mowbray, D. F., Stress-strain relationships in low- and intermediate-cycle fatigue, Proc. ASTM 64, 561 (1964). 429. Piatti, L., Eigenschaften von Wukstoffen im Tieftemperaturegebeit

flussiger Gase, Schweizer Archiv. 26, 100 (1960). 430. Jones, R. B., Phillips, V. A., Yield point phenomena in a number of commercial copper alloys and one nickel base alloy. Trans. ASM 53,

603 (1961). 431. Young, F. W., On the yield stress of copper crystals, J. Appl. Phys.

33, 963 (1962).

432. Le Chatelier, A., On the influence of temperature on the mechanical

properties of metals. Comm. des Methodes d'Essai des Materiaux de Construction 2A, 317 (1895). 433. Adams, M. A., Higgins, P. R. B., The hardening of copper by neutron

irradiation, Phil Mag. 4, 777 (1959). 434. Bendler, H. M., Nine, H. D., Fatigue failure in copper single crystals

at low and high ampHtudes of torsion. Nature 194, 1069 (1962). 435. Eisner, E., Fatigue straining of copper whisker. Nature 188, 1183

(1960). 436. McAdam, D. J., Jr., Effect of cold working on endurance and other

properties of metals. Part I., Trans. Am. Soc. Steel Treat. 8, 782

(1925). 437. Vosskuhler, H., Das Zeitstandverhalten des reinen und niedriglegierten

Kupfers (Literaturubersicht), Metall. 46, 525 (1955). 438. Lushley, R. S. D., McKeown, J., Stress-rupture time properties of copper tube materials, Engineer 197 , 811 (1954). 439. Lea, F. C, The effect of temperature on some of the properties of

materials. Engineering 110, 293 (1920). 440. Hook, R. E., Adair, A. M., Spretnak, J. W., Creep testing by centrifugal-force loading. Met. Res. Stds. 1, 464 (1961). 441. Kurov, /. E., Stepanov, V. A., Life to rupture of metals subjected to torsion, Soviet Phys.-Solid State 4, No. 1, 135 (1962). 442. Engl, J., Heidtkamp, G., Die Temperaturabhangigkeit der Kegeldruck

harte der Metalle. I., Z. Physik 95, 30 (1935). 443. Barrett, C. R., Sherby, 0. D., Steady-state creep characteristics of

polycrystalline copper in the temperature range 400° to 950 °C, Trans. AIME 230, 1322 (1964). 444. Keeler, S. P., Backofen, W. A., Plastic stability and fracture in sheets

stretched over rigid punches. Trans. ASM 56, 25 (1963). 445. Pines, B. Ya., Sirenko, A. F., The calculated and empirical values of the lifetime of metals and alloys under a load, Fiz. Tverdogo Tela

2, No. 6, 1043 (1960). 446. Kemsley, D. S., Paterson, M. S., The influence of strain amphtude on

the work hardening of copper crystals in alternating tension and

compression. Acta Met. 8, 453 (1960). 447. Schmunk, R. E., Smith, C. S., Elastic constants of copper-nickel alloys. Acta Met. 8, 396 (1960). 448. Sosin, A., Bienvenue, L. L., Effect of electron irradiation and subse- quent thermal treatment on Young's modulus of copper, J. Appl.

Phys. 31, 249 (1960). 449. Bregowsky, /. M., Spring, L. W., The effect of high temperatures on

the physical properties of some alloys (Proc. (Pt. II) Intn. Assoc.

Testing Mat., 6th Congr., New York, 1912), Section VII.

450. Phillips, W. L., Aluminum and copper tested in direct shear. Trans. AIME 224, 845 (1962). 451. Jenkins, C. H. M., Bucknall, E. H., The inter-relation of age-hardening and creep performance. Part I. The age-hardening of nickel-sili- con-copper alloys, J. Inst. Metals 57, 141 (1935). 452. Lea, F. C, The effect of temperature on the modulus of elasticity and

other properties of metals, Proc. Inst. Civil Engrs. 2 09, 394 (1920). 453. Coffin, L. F., Low cycle fatigue, ASM Metals Eng., Quart. 56, 15

(1963). 454. Moore, R. R., A study of slip lines, strain lines, and cracks in metals under repeated stress, Univ. Illinois Engr. Expt. Station, Bull. 191 (1929). 455. Parker, E. R., The effect of impurities on some high temperature

properties of copper. Trans. ASM 29, 269 (1941). 456. McAdam, D. J., Jr., Fatigue and corrosion — Fatigue of spring materials. Trans. ASME 51, APM-51-5-45 (1929). 457. Guillet, L., Bernard, V., Variations de la resilence du cuivre et de quelquesuns de se alliages en fonction de la temperature, Acad.

Sci. C.R. 156, 1899 (1913). 458. Welter, G., Statische Dauerfestigkeit von Metallen und Legierungen,

Z. Metallk. 18, 75, 117 (1926). 459. Ingall, D. H., The high temperature-tensile curve: (a) Effect of rate of heating; (b) Tensile curves of some brasses, J. Inst. Metals 33, 171 (1925). 460. Ingall, D. H., Experiments with some copper wire: Cohesion a function of both temperature and cold-work, J. Inst. Metals 31,

171 (1923). 461. Hughes, G., Non-ferrous metals in railway work, J. Inst. Metals 6, 74 (1911). 462. Frost, N. E., Effect of mean stress on the rate of growth of fatigue cracks in sheet materials, J. Mech. Engr. Sci. 4, 22 (1962). 463. Shurkov, S. N., Das Problem der festigkeitfester Korper, Z. Physik

213, 183 (1960). 464. Graves, G. B., The mechanical properties of 63-65 hard drawn brass spring wire. Wire Industry 26, 1089 (1959). 465. Jares, V.. Jenicek, L., Mechanisches Verhalten von hartgezogenem

Kupferdraht unter Dauerbelastung bei erholter Temperatur, 2d

Congress, Intn. Assoc. Testing Mat., (1927), p. A17.

160
NBS TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS

PERIODICALS • JOURNAL OF RESEARCH reports National Bureau

of Standards research and development in physics, mathematics, chemistry, and engineering. Comprehensive

scientific papers give complete details of the work, including

laboratory data, experimental procedures, and theoretical

and mathematical analyses. Illustrated with photographs,

drawings, and charts.

Published in three sections, available separately:

• Physics and Chemistry

Papers of interest primarily to scientists working in these

fields. This section covers a broad range of physical and

chemical research, with major emphasis on standards of

physical measurement, fundamental constants, and properties of matter. Issued six times a year. Annual subscription: Domestic, 15.00; foreign, |6.00*.

• Mathematics and Mathematical Physics

Studies and compilations designed mainly for the mathematician and theoretical physicist. Topics in mathematical

statistics, theory of experiment design, numerical analysis,

theoretical physics and chemistry, logical design and pro- gramming of computers and computer systems. Short

numerical tables. Issued quarterly. Annual subscription:

Domestic, $2.25; foreign, $2.75*.

9 Engineering and Instrumentation

Reporting results of interest chiefly to the engineer and the

applied scientist. This section includes many of the new

developments in instrumentation resulting from the Bureau's

work in physical measurement, data processing, and

development of test methods. It will also cover some of the

work in acoustics, appUed mechanics, building research,

and cryogenic engineering. Issued quarterly. Annual

subscription: Domestic, $2.75; foreign, $3.50*.

• TECHNICAL NEWS BULLETIN

The best single source of information concerning the

Bureau's research, developmental, cooperative and pubhcation activities, this monthly pubhcation is designed for the industry-oriented individual whose daily work involves

intimate contact with science and technology —for engineers,

chemists, physicists, research managers, product-development managers, and company excutives. Annual subscription: Domestic, $1.50; foreign, $2.25*.

* Difference in price is due to extra cost of foreign mailing.

NONPERIODICALS

Applied Mathematics Series. Mathematical tables,

manuals, and studies.

Building Science Series. Research results, test methods,

and performance criteria of building materials, components,

systems, and structures.

Handbooks. Recommended codes of engineering and

industrial practice (including safety codes) developed in cooperation with interested industries, professional organizations, and regulatory bodies.

Miscellaneous Publications. Charts, administrative

pamphlets, Annual reports of the Bureau, conference

reports, bibliographies, etc.

Monographs. Major contributions to the technical litera- ture on various subjects related to the Bureau's scientific and technical activities.

National Standard Reference Data Series. NSRDS

provides quantitative data on the physical and chemical

properties of materials, compiled from the world's literature and critically evaluated.

Product Standards. Provide requirements for sizes,

types, quality and methods for testing various industrial

products. These standards are developed cooperatively

with interested Government and industry groups and pro- vide the basis for common understanding of product characteristics for both buyers and sellers. Their use is voluntary.

Technical Notes. This series consists of communications

and reports (covering both other agency and NBS-sponsored

work) of limited or transitory interest.

CLEARINGHOUSE

The Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical

Information, operated by NBS, supplies unclassified infor- mation related to Government-generated science and tech- nology in defense, space, atomic energy, and other national

programs. For further information on Clearinghouse services, write:

Clearinghouse

U.S. Department of Commerce

Springfield, Virginia 22151

Order NBS pubUcations from:

Superintendent of Documents

Goverment Printing Office

Washington, D.C. 20402

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1967 OL—261-278

161