YEAR

1974
1973
1972
1971
1970

1974
1973
1¢72

1971 7

1070

1974
1973
1972
1971

1970

uv

NO.

TOTAL

43,1
24.9
26.4
18.8

19.7

10.9
7.6
7.7
468

wet

321
17.3
18.6
13.9

15.6

TRADE ROUTE 04 US ATL/CARIBBEAN,EAST COAST MEXICO

OF CONTAINERS 2¢

usTM

38.6
31.0
30.9
61.6

35.8

3665
2761
24.0
27.3

19.2

39.3
32.8
33.7
4666

40.2

COMMERCIAL US%

40.2
22.9
2542
18.2

18.6

29.9
15.6
17.5
13.4

14.5

35.8
25.2
28.6
39.9

32.1

3266
22.7
23.1
27.5

18.7

36.6
26.3
31.0
4463

35.9

TOTAL

TOTAL INBOUND

63,551.2
30,254.6
36, 355.8
241, 252.0

21577967

17, 092.7
10,126.0
12, 370.6
6,481.3

5947263

465 258.5
20,128.46
23,985.42
14977026

16,307.3

17 UNITS IN THOU} TONS IN LONG TONS (2,240L85)3
ZERO FIELO INDICATES A COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
OR A PERCENT .09% OR LESS}
TOTALS INCL.» COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

2/ MIXEO UNITS OF STAND & NON-STAND SIZE CONT.

3/ LONGSHORE STRIKE

TOTAL ALL FLAGS 17

CUBIC FEET

us%

53.8
46.0
26.4
34.4

26.5

COMMERCIAL US%
& OUTBOUND

55 1446.1 4867
25,031.7 34.8
34,299.6 23.1
20,531.63 32.4

20,776.28 25.0

TOTAL INBOUND

63.2
55.4
26.2
21.0

12,4

12,759.8 51.5
8402967 43.7
12,174.46 23.0
6,413.3 21.2
By bK7 64 12.0

TOTAL OUTBOUND

50.4
41.2
27.6
40.3

33.9

15

42,686.62 47.9
17,002.0 30.5
22,124.49 23.2
14,117.9 37.6

15,329.3 29.6

TOTAL

603.0
304.6
329.4
213.7
221.6

166.5
104.9
109.0

66.8

56.8

436.5
199.7
220.3
146.8

164.7

TONNAGE

ust

40.2
29.4
26.9
32.6

26.2

40.0
26.8
20.3
21,0

Bel

40.3
30.9
27.2
37.9
32.5

COMMERCIAL uS%

568.5
277.5
314.8
208.5

21665

155.0
98.5
107.4
66.4
56.7

413.4
179,0
207.3
142.0

157.7

37.8
22.7
22.3
Bit

23.8

36.1
22.0
1961
21.1

38.4
23.2
24,0
35.8

205



TRADE ROUTE 13 US S ATL & GULF/MEDE INCLUDING BLACK Sta)
TOTAL UsS+ FLAG 17
NO. OF CONTATNERS 2/ cuBIC FEET TONNAGE
yea TATAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

1¢76 B.D 8.3 13,505.7 12,537.0 119.9 112.0
1¢73 7% 7.2 10,006. 9,890.6 91.7 91.0
167? 2.9 206 3,184.3 2,895.5 32.9 30.9
1971 1,3 1.3 1, 381.8 1,352.0 11.8 11.6
1°70 7 900,35 689.0 9.6 eh
TOTAL TNBOUNO
16740 5.1 Sat 7452608 520.4 70.5 7065
1973 bet ot 5,162.6 5,142.7 490 49.3
1972 2.3 2.2 2,361.0 2,354.3 26.2 2661
ier 3¢ 1.1 1.1 1,034.8 1,034.8 B67 8.7
1970 a 426.7 42667 4d 4d
TOTAL OUTBOUND
1074 3.8 cree 5,980.8 5,016.6 4908 41.5
1073 a4 55% 44 Bee? 4y 74709 42.2 41.7
1¢72 5 ag 823.8 56162 6.6 47
1e71 2 at 346.9 317.1 3.0 2.8
1°70 3 +2 473.6 462.3 4.6 465

1/ UNITS IN THOUt TONS IN LONG TONS (2,240L8S)%
7EPO FIELO INDICATES & COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
QLANKS INDICATE ABSENCE OF DATA
TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

2/ MIXED UNITS AF STAND & NON@STANO SIZE CONT.

3/ LONGSHOSE STRIKE



|

TPADE ROUTE 12 US ATL/FAP EAST

TOTAL UsS+ FLAG 1/
NO. OF CONTAINERS 2/7 cusIC FEET TONNAGE
YEAR TOTAL COMME®CTAL TOTAL COMMERGT AL TOTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

1074 Say 56.6 69,001.67 65,730.0 69961 66844
1973 56.6 73,209.3 67579640 56668 543.7
1072 49.5 4667 68,0659 64442540 471.3 45iet
1¢e71 4467 41eh 56,161.1 54477068 40969 38408
1979 16.0 14.9 19, 851.3 16578162 130.6 124.7

TOTAL INBOUND

1e74 38.6 38.0 484222.5 47432742 GALL 412.2
1973 34.7 3347 48, 64703 47, 052.7 298.4 292.6
1072 w.2 3347 48,940.65 43,157.14 291.2
1e71 7 3148 31.7 43, 37509 43,271.67 265.3
170 10.6 10.2 12,884.35 12, 668.0 7564
TOTAL OUTBOUND
1674 20.7 18.6 20,779.14 18, 402.8 277.9 256.2
1973 21.8 19.2 24, 562.0 20574342 270.3 251.0
1672 15.2 13.0 19,125.23 16,270.68 177.0 159.8
1e7t 37 12.9 9.7 14, 805.2 11,499.14 144.0 119.4
1670 5.6 46 6,967.0 Gy115.4 53.9 49.2

17 UNITS IN THOUS TONS IN LONG TONS (7,240L8S)3
ZFRO FTELD INNICATES A COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
BLANKS INDICATE ABSENCE OF DATAS
TOTALS TNCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES +

2/ MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON=STAND SIZE CONT.

LONGSHORE STRIKE



83

» 84

a B5,

Gulf/Atlantic Canada

Same as T.R. 81 (including Newfoundland)
Pacific/Atlantic Canada

Same as T.R. 81 (including Newfoundland)
Great Lakes/E.C., South America

Same foreign ports as T.R. 1
Atlantic/Pacific Canada

12200-12497

87

. 86

87

89

> OL

392

2 93

Gulf/Pacific Canada

12200-12497

Pacific/Pacific Canada

12200-12497

Great Lakes/Atlantic Canada

Same as T.R. 81 (except Montreal (01822) )
Puerto Rico & Virgin Islands/Foreign
Hawaii/Foreign (except T.R. 26, 27, and 29)

Alaska/Foreign (except T.R. 26 and 29)


TRADE ROUTE NO. 29
Pacific, Hawaii, Alaska/Far East

The U.S. Pacific/Far East trade route is the most active route in U.S.
foreign trade in terms of liner cargo, and the second most active in

terms of containerized cargo. In 1974, over five million tons of contain-
erized cargo moved on Trade Route No. 29, for an increase of 18 percent
over 1973 levels and 87 percent over 1972 levels.

The United States carried 42 percent of the containers moving in this
trade in 1974, while Japanese-flag vessels carried 40 percent. This was
only the second time in the last five years that U.S.-flag vessels have
carried more containerized commercial cargo than the Japanese fleet.

The growth from 1973 to 1974 of containerized commercial cargo tons moved
on this trade route by United States flag vessels was quite substantial
at 597,000 tons, or 39 percent.

The Russian fleet's share of the container market on this route remained
the same as in 1973, 3 percent. Their rate of growth was equal to the
rate of growth of the trade route as a whole, 18 percent.

Container exports surpassed imports by only 11 percent in 1974, indicating
a fairly balanced trade on this route in terms of cargo tonnage. The number

of inbound containers surpassed the number outbound, however, by 34 percent.

41


Table 4

Containerized Cargo on Selected Trade Routesl/
Calendar Year 1974

Containers2/
Percent
Trade Route4/ Number of Total
5-7-8-9 463 28
29 457 28
12 164 10
10 144 9
16 65 4
21 61 4
26 67 4
11 47 3
4 43 2
6 24 1
All other 115 7
Total 1,650 100

All units are in thousands; tons are in long tons (2,240)
Mixed units of standard and nonstandard size containers
Includes military cargoes

Trade routes selected on basis of total tons moved.

Total Tons3/

Percent

Number of Total
6,794 30
5,749 26
2,141 10
1,907 9
902 4
892 4
819 3
788 3
603 3
375 2
1,381 6
22,351 100


TRADE ROUTE NO. 27
Pacific, Hawaii/Australasia

Containerized commercial cargo tonnage more
than doubled on Trade Route No. 27 in 1974,
following an increase of 365 percent between
1972 and 1973. About 30 percent of the liner
cargo carried on this route.in 1974 was
containerized. Container exports surpassed
imports by 52 percent.

United States and West German freighters carried
virtually all of the containers travelling on
this route. The West German fleet surpassed the
U.S. in market share in both inbound and out-
bound trades.

69


$<

TRADE ROUTE NO. 16
Atlantic, Gulf/Australasia

Containerized cargo tonnage moving on Trade Route No. 16
exceeded the 900,000 tons mark during 1974. This was a
27 percent increase over tonnage transported during 1973.
The average compounded growth rate for this trade route
since 1970 was 139 percent.

The top four flags of registry carrying containerized
commercial cargo on this trade route were the United
Kingdom, West Germany, United States and Australia.
These four flags combined carried 99 percent of all
containerized commercial cargo on this route.

Fresh, chilled or frozed meat; chemical products and
metals; cheese and curd; milk and cream; and wool and
other animal hair were the five major commodities in
terms of tons shipped inbound in liner service. Paper
and paperboard; manufactured fertilizers; plastic
materials and synthetic resins; road motor vehicles
and parts; and chemical products and metals were the
five major commodities in terms of tons shipped outbound
in liner service. Over 70 percent of the liner cargo
moving in this trade was containerized, and the ratio
of exports to imports was 1.8.

51


TRADE ROUTE NO. 6
North Atlantic/Scandinavian and
Baltic Ports (Including Newfoundland

Containerized commercial cargo tonnage moving
on Trade Route No. 6 during 1974 experienced

a six percent decrease from 1973. The leading
flag on this trade route was the United Kingdom,
followed by West Germany and Sweden. U.S.-flag
vessel carriage was of limited significance.

Trade on this route was fairly evenly balanced
between inbound and outbound traffic. Defense
Department tonnage was only seven percent of
total containerized cargo carried on Route 6
in 1974.

49


——————— OL — et—~—S

TRADE ROUTE NO. 19
Gulf/Caribbean (Including
Cristobal and East Coast of Mexico)

Less than four percent of the liner traffic on
Trade Route No. 19 in 1974 was containerized. Of
that cargo which did travel in containers, the
major portion was carried in ships under the
flag of the United Kingdom or its colonies.
United States participation was not significant.
Although commercial containerized cargo

more than doubled between 1973 and 1974, the
total number of commercial containers traveling
on this route was only three thousands in 1974.
Containerized export tonnage surpassed import

tonnage by 350 percent.

35,



Ss

TRADE ROUTE NO. 22
Gulf/Far East

Commercial container traffic had been
increasing rapidly on this route through
1973, but in 1974 containerized tonnage
decreased 43 percent from 1973 levels.
Traffic decreased in both the inbound and
outbound directions. Only about two percent
of the liner traffic in this trade was
containerized in 1974. Container imports
surpasses container exports, although in

the liner trade as a whole, exports are

more than double imports. The United States,
Liberian, and Japanese fleets dominate container
traffic on this route with the United States
carrying the largest share.

59


TRADE ROUTE NO. 1
Atlantic/East Coast South America

Commercial container traffic between the East Coast of the
U.S. and the East Coast of South America is not heavy, but

it has shown impressive growth over the past five years.
Commercial tonnage increased 78 percent between 1973 and

1974, following a 107 percent increase between 1973 and

1972. The fleets of the United States and Brazil dominate
this trade, with the United States holding the largest

share. Together they carry about 90 percent of the containers
traveling on Trade Route No. 1. Defense Department tonnage
was negligible on this route in 1974.

47


TRADE ROUTE 95 = 07 - 08 = 09 USN ATL/UK,EUROPE(N OF PTGL)
TOTAL ALL FLAGS 1/
NO. OF CONTAINERS 27 cusIC FEET TONNAGE
YEAR TOTAL US% COMMFRCTAL US% TOTAL US% COMMERCIAL US% TOTAL «USE COMMERCTAL US%

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

} 4O%. 4868 417.7 45.6 74% 360.1 48.9 678437640 45.9 6794.1 45.8 6y2hhe 6 4367
1973 439.6 51.5 401.2 47.2 701,985.28 50.3 649,520.35 46.6 6233.0 48.0 5847.2 44.9
1072 369.2 48.8 327.4 4262 586,122.5 47,3 530,262.9 41,7 Syl24.2 Gud 4472908 40.3
1o7t 712.5 51.5 272.6 4542 479597604 49.3 419,118.9 47,9 4929766 486% 3,822.8 43,0
i97u U7 55.7 2a9.7 5147 445,169,0 55.7 406,943.4 51.8 4120369 53.4 3,911.6 50,3

TOTAL INSOUND

1°74 239.0 45.6 231.8 45.1 394,757.66 4763 3735,843.1 46.9 3,555.9 42.3 3448163 4263
1973 23604 6A62 231.8 4742 387,819.69 48.3 3B1,194,6 47.6 By424e7 4606 3440265 44.3
1072 198.9 4347 192.5 41,9 322,716.0 42.2 316,310.6 4U.7 2,816.8 39.5 2478749 38.8
1971 3 161.8 46.8 158.0 45.5 237,596,0 42.9 230,977.1 41.3 2,267.0 43.2 2,223.4 42.6
1970 163,46 54.2 160.6 53.6 22%,2u1,0 50.7 217493447 49.5 2,203.3 51.6 2,185.4 5142

TOTAL OUTBOUND

1976 224.0 52.% 185.8 46.2 364,602.5 50.7 304,532.8 44.6 3,238.2 4967 2476342 4564
167% 203.2 55.4 169.3 47.2 314,165.49 52.8 263,325.8 45.3 2,808.2 52.2 2 4ehe6 4567
1972 179,43 54.7 134.7 U2.8 263, 333.6 53.5 215,879.3 43,5 2,305.5 51.6 1,940.9 42.5
1971 37 150.5 56.5 11464 44.9 242, 380.3 55.5 188,141.7 44.9 2,050.5 54.0 1459963 43.6
1979 153.7 57.3 179.0 44.5 221,905.9 60.8 189,008.7 54.4 2,009.5 55.4 1,726.1 49.2

1

UNITS IN THOU? TONS IN LONG TONS (2,240LBS)3
Z®RO FIELD INDICATES A COUNT OF 99 OR LESS

OR A PFPPENT .09% OR LESS?

TOTALS INCL. COMMFRCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

2/ MIXED UNITS OF STAND { NON-STANO SIZE CONT.
7/ LONGSHOPE STPIKE



TRADE ROUTE NO. 17
U.S. Atlantic, Gulf, Pacific/
Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore

Commercial container tonnage on Trade Route No. 17 rose 77
percent in 1974. Despite rapid growth in container traffic
on this route over the past five years, containerized cargo
still accounts for only a small portion of total liner tonnage
moving in this trade. In 1974, less than 10 percent of the
liner cargo traveling between the United States and Indonesia,

Malaysia and Singapore was carried in containers.

The U.S. fleet carried over 80 percent of the container traffic

on this route in 1974. This was a marked improvement over

1972, when U.S. participation was only 46 percent. Containerized
export tonnage was more than double the level of import tonnage

in 1974, and Defense Department tonnage was negligible.

37


EY:

TRADE ROUTE 27 US PAC & HAW/AUSTRALASIA

TOTAL ALL FLAGS 17

NO. OF CONTAINERS 27 CuBIC FEET TONNAGE :
YEAR TOTAL CCMMERCT AL TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL
TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

Lory 17.7 17.5 18,323.0 16,110.4 220.3 218.1

107% a. 9.0 8s 812.7 8402.4 9565 9564 |
1072 1.9 1.9 1599561 1,995.1 20,5 20.5

1e71 37 7 7 739.0 739.0 Tot Tet

1970 1.2 1,2 973.9 973.9 11.5 1165

TOTAL INBOUND

1874 5.7 5.5 6912764 5199369 87.5 85.9

197% 3.8 3.8 3,522.2 3,522.2 40.6 40.6
1er2 3 3 331.2 331.2 —_ 5.3 5.3

171 ot at 104.8 104.8 Let tet

1970 at ot 108.4 108.4 1.0 1.0

TOTAL OUTSOUND

1676 12.0 11,9 12,195.45 12, 116.4 132.8 132.1

1e73 5.2 5.2 529064 5428062 54.8 548

1672 1.6 166 1,663.9 1,663.9 15.2 15.2

ie71 37 +6 “6 634.1 63461 569 5.9

1¢70 1.0 1.0 865.5 865.5 10.4 10.4

1/ UNITS IN THOU: TONS IN LONG TONS (2,240L85)3
ZFRO FTELO INDICATES & COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
BLANKS INDICATE ARSENCE OF naATAS
TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

?/ MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON=STAKD SIZE CONT.

3/ LONGSHOPE STPIkE

68



PART IIT TRADE ROUTES (cont.) PAGE

Trade Route Nos 24 56 8 eee ee we he eo ee ee we oo ente 62
Rrade-Route..NGs 25 icc. aicstsatiae dad Se Stee ae, Soh IF HG Oe Meine, BS
Trades Route Nos, 26> os ecaead ey Sew at Bm ae sdcp: Be a ee, 2 SOO
Trade: Route Now BP 4. wo ceveey aie cera eam yey a aras eee a Ee ey € OB
Grade Roube-Ma.) G1. «0. kote, 6 neat e Gr ates WRG ea: ZG Te
ieude Route es SU oo 445.9. be ate ga ard pe MUSES De Ee 37S
Trade Route Way 650 < diols 4 GR eee me eee a a wd IP
Wrade: Route, Nos. cBL  aiecte ches. od carcde Bove a Be Beh Bi co ahora: Gude d VE
Trade Route Nos 91.6 cee se ee ee we ee we ee ee TB

PART IV TRADE ROUTE AND PORT CODE DESCRIPTIONS .. 2. see ee ee ee ee + 80



TRADE ROUTE NO. 41
Atlantic/West Africa

Container traffic on Trade Route No. 41 has
always been limited. Less than one thousand
containers moved on this route in 1974. Two-
thirds of the containerized tonnage was out-
pound. This tonnage represented only about
one percent of the commercial liner traffic
petween the U.S. Atlantic and West Africa.

The United States and Liberian fleets handled
most of the outbound containers, while the
United States and Portugal shared the inbound

trade.

71


TRADE ROUTE 41 US ATL/W AFRyCANARIES,C VERDES» MADIERAS
TOTAL ALL FLAGS 17
NO. OF CONTAINESS 2/ Cuaic FEET TONNAGE
YEAR TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTSOUND

1974 9 “9 996.3 996.3 7.6 7.6
1673 +5 5 602.8 597.9 4.9 4.9
1672 4 4 ites 4t1ey 3.0 3.0
1671 37 2 2 18607 18067 1.6 1.6
1e7u at al 128.5 128.5 8 8

- aie Sree TOTAL INBOUND é

1974 2 22 Z 366.2 366.2 2.5 2.5
1973 a at 167.1 147.4 1.0 1.0
107? 1G A it a B53. ee 2 2
1971 17 a) a0 41.9 41.9 3 23

TOTAL OUTBOUND

1974 oO gS - 630.0 5.0 5.0
1973 ad, —— ab 455.6 45008 3.9 3.8
1672 3 a3 32601 526.1 2.7 2.7
a 1 S| Se? ey eee | Ty Lem, U1 yf 1.2 = 1.2
1970 ot at 128.5 128.5 “8 4 a8

1/ UNITS IN THOUS TONS IN LONG TONS (2s240LaS)¢ 0 oo

ZERO FIELM INDICATES A COUNT OF 99 OR LESS

BLANKS INDICATE ABSENCE OF DATA$

TOTALS TNCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOFS.
27 MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON-STANO SIZE CONT. =
3/7 LONGSHORE STRIKE

70



TRADE ROUTE NO. 51
Atlantic/South and East Africa

Trade Route No. 51 has not felt the influence

of containerization to a very great degree.

In 1974, only seven percent of the liner traffic
on this route was containerized. Almost four
thousand containers weighing 45,000 long tons
were transported on this route in 1974. This
represented a 84 percent increase over 1973
tonnage levels.

The United States and Greece are the only flags
flown by vessels operating in this trade. American
operators dominate the market. Container exports
and imports are fairly evenly balanced, and Defense
Department tonnage is negligible.

73


|

AUSTRALIA

tra

S

CANADA

YH

UNITED STATES

UNITED STATES ESSENTIAL
FOREIGN TRADE ROUTES

Trade Route Between

NO, 12 U. S. ATLANTIC
PORTS

NO. 22 U.S. GULF PORTS
NO. 29 U. S. PACIFIC PORTS
and

THE FAR EAST



TRANE ROUTE 04 US ATL/CARIBSEAN,EAST COAST MEXICO
TOTAL U.S. FLAG 1/7
NO. OF CONTAINERS 2/ cusic FEET TONNAGE
vEAr TOTAL COMMERSIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTSOUND

1976 1666 14.3 34,100.69 27,027.5 242.3 214.6
1977 7.7 547 13,903.46 By 70465 89.7 63.1
1977 aot 742 9,610.8 7,926.8 82.1 70.2
1971 37 7A 742 7,314.9 6y 662.2 6967 64.9
1979 7.0 6.0 6199.7 5y19668 58.0 51.0

TOTAL INBOUND

167% 4.0 3.3 1U,796.1 6, 56761 66-6 56.0
1673 2.0 166 560962 3,515.0 28.0 21.6
1072 1,8 47 2599468 2,798.8 22.4 20.5
1971 7 1.3 1.3 1,359.7 1535967 16.0 16.0
1970 8 7 678.2 653.3 45 465

TOTAL OUTROUND

1974 12.6 11.0 23,304,7 20,450.35 17567 158.6
1973 5.6 et By29462 3919165 6166 ery
1972 662 56h 6615.9 5,128.0 59.9 49.7
1971 37 £.5 5.9 5495502 5430265 55.6 50.9
1670 662 542 5521.4 4154565 53.4 bem

4/ UNITS IN THOUS TONS IN LONG TONS (2, 240LBS) +
790 FIELD INDICATES A COUNT OF 99 OF LESS
ALANKS TNDICATE APSENCE OF DATAE
TOTALS INCL.« COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOFS«

2/ MIXED UNTTS OF STAND § NON-STAND SIZE CONT+

37 LONGSHOSE STPIKE

16


% »

CANADA

UNITED STATES

AFRICA
~__ —vW— 4}

UNITED STATES ESSENTIAL
FOREIGN TRADE ROUTES

Trade Route Between
NO. 10 U.S.NORTH ATLANTIC PORTS

NO. 13 U.S. SOUTH ATLANTIC AND GULF PORTS

NO. 34 U. S. GREAT LAKES PORTS
ond

MEDITERRANEAN

ies

SOUTH AMERICA



UNITED STATES

UNITED STATES ESSENTIAL
FOREIGN TRADE ROUTES

Trade Route Between

NO, 5-7-8-9 U.S. NORTH ATLANTIC
PORTS

ond

UNITED KINGDOM AND CONTINENT

+40. 11 U.S. SOUTH ATLANTIC PORTS

NO. 2! U.S GULF PORTS

NO. 26 U. S. PACIFIC PORTS

NO. 32 U. S. GREAT LAKES PORTS
and

WESTERN EUROPE



1674
1973
107?
1971
1¢70

197%
1073
1972
1971

1670

1/ UNITS IN THOUS

«

Noe

TOTAL

16442
137.9
a5.
5665

27.5

100.0
83.6
57.9
37.9

19.5

66.2
54.2
27.4
18.5

TRADE ROUTE 12 US ATL/FAR EAST

OF CONTAINE®S 27

us%

150.7
133.7
32.3
53.2

2664

COMMERCIAL US%

35.3
39.7
56.8
7749

56.5

3O.t
37.6
51.9
63.5

65.8

TOTAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

261,682.35
209, 316.0
127,981.0
71,703.68

31, 291.6

166, 893.1
133, 497.1
91,606,2
50, 486.3

214942.6

94,789.1
75, 618.9
36, 374.8
24,2174

9, 349.0

TONS IN LONG TONS (2,240LRS)3
ZERO FIELN INDICATES A COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
02 A PERCENT .09% OR LESS}
TOTALS INCL. COMMERCTAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

27 MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON-STAND SIZE CONT.

3/ LONGSHOPE STRIKE

TOTAL ALL FLAGS 17

cupIc FEET

ust COMMERCIAL US%

26.46 2564962.2
35.0 202,965.1
53.2 123,875.6
aiet 68429262
6t.4 30,221,5
TOTAL INS0UND

28.9 164,621.28

36.4 131,738.47

53.4 90, 465.3
85.9 50, 382.1
58.7 21,726.64

TOTAL OUTBOUND

21.9 92, 340.4
3264 715226.3
52.6 33,410,3
69.8 17, 91061
74S 49561

31

25.6
33.4
52,0
80.2

62e1

23.7
3567
55.2
8569
58.3

19.9
2961
4867
64.2

72.0

TOTAL

2,141.2
1,621.7
586.6
518.1

215.6

1,174.2
822.7
533.7
310.9

134.5

967.0
798.9
352.9
207.1

TTL

TONNAGE

ust

32.7
35.1
53.2
79.1

60.6

3549
36.3
55.1
85.5
55.4

28.7
33.8
50.2
69.6

70.0

COMMERCIAL US%

2,102.6
1,586.4
663.1
495.0

209.6

1,157.9
816.2
528.8
310.5

137.2

94467
770.4
334.3
182.5

72.4

31.8
34.3
52.3
78.1

59.5

35.6
35.9
55.1
85.5

55.0

2761
32.6
4768
65.65
68.0


TRADE ROUTE No. 4
Atlantic/Caribbean (Including Cristobal and Last Coast Mexico)

In 1974, the growth rate of containerized commercial cargo on this trade route
was one of the highest of all trade routes. Total commercial tons increased by
105 percent. The outbound cargo increased 131 percent while inbound tonnage

rose 57 percent. These increases were largely due to a surge in U.S.-flag
participation on this route. U.S.-flag tonnage increased 240 percent while the
foreign flag total increased only 65 percent. The U.S. fleet was the predominant
fleet carrying commercial containerized cargo on Trade Route 4+, followed by the
United Kingdom and the Netherlands. U.S.-flag vessels carried 38 percent more
cargo than British vessels during 1974, whereas the United Kingdom had carried

40 percent more than the U.S. in 1973.

Food products were the most common commodities shipped to the U.S. on this trade
route, fresh fruit, coffee and meats being among the major containerized cargoes.
In the southbound direction, many manufactured goods travelled in containers.
Among these were motor vehicle parts, plastics, etc. The balance of trade on
this route was heavily weighted in favor of U.S. exports to the Caribbean, in
1974. The ratio of container exports to imports was 2.6.

13


T.R. 37 - California/Great Lakes Canada T.R. 42 - Gulf - West Africa, Canary, Cape
Verde & Madeira Is.

01000-09999, (except 01822 Montreal)

Same foreign ports as T.R. 41

T.R. 38 - Washington, Oregon/Great Lakes Canada

T.R. 43 - Pacific - West Africa, Canary, Cape

01000-09999, (except 01822 Montreal) Verde and Madeira Is.
T.R. 41 - Atlantic - West Africa/Canary, Cape Same foreign ports as T.R. 41
Verde & Madeira Island
73300-49 - Canary Islands (Spanish) T.R. 51 - Atlantic - South and East Africa and
73800-73846 - Equatorial Guinea Malagasy Republic and British West Africa,
74165 - Mauritani St. Helena & Ascension Is.
74201-98 - Fed. Rep. of Cameroon 75801 - St. Helena
74473-99 - Senegal 75831 - Ascension Is.
74619-99 - Guinea 75899 - All other British West Africa
74751-99 - Sierra Leone Ports
74825-99 - Ivory Coast 77051,77099 - Somali Republic (Mogadiscio &
74900-97 - Chana Kismayu)
77913-99 - Kenya
75041-99 - Gambia 78200 - Seychelles (Victoria)
75200-91 - Togo 78351-99 - Tanzania
75300-85 - Nigeria 78401 - Mauritius (Port Louis)
75397 - Optional - Nigeria 78700-25 - Mozambique
75500-25 - Gabon 78800-78841 - Malagasy Republic
75901 - Madeira 79000-79070 - Fr. India Ocean Reunion and
Comoro Islands
76100-76113 - Dahomey 79100-45 - South Africa, Republic of
76274-99 - Angola 79186-99 - S.W. Africa
76300-76350 - Congo (Barzzaville)
76461-99 - Western Port. Africa & Cape T.R. 52 - Gulf - South and East Africa - Malagasy
Verde Isl. Republic, British West Africa, St. Helena and
76500-41 - Liberia Ascension Is.
76600-37 - Zaire

Same foreign ports as T.R. 51

85


TRANE ROUTE 51 US ATL/SKE AFRICSMLGSY REP,ST HEL, ASC IS
TOTAL ALL FLAGS. 1/
NO. OF CONTAINE®S 27 qusIc FEET TONNAGE
YEAR TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

1974 349 349 4,610.68 4,610.8 45e1 45et
197 2.3 2.3 2,628.5 2,596.8 24.7 2465
1072 1.9 1.69 431207 4,312.7 16.2 18.2
1e71 2.4 2.4 2,395.6 2y 34904 19.0 16.8
1670 2.3 242 2,183.9 2,087.65 18.5 17.9 ;

3 TOTAL INBOUND

107% 1.7 1.7 2,014.6 2,014.6 26.5 24.5
1073 11 Lat 1,406.5 1,326.3 13.7 13.6
1972 1.0 1,0 2,430.0 2443060 asp oe aL as tad
1¢e71 37 1.2 is? 1,465.3 1,41964 12.2 12.0
1970 1 1.0 1508607 1,003.9 9.9 964

TOTAL OUTBOUND

1974 21 21 2459602 2459662 20.5 20.5
1673 1.2 Let 1,222.0 1,210.4 10.9 10.8
1672 9 28 1,682.6 FT ee 20 nen SS |
1o7t 37 9 9 936.2 930.2 6.7 6.7 |
1670 161 1,1 1,097.1 1,083.5 8.6 a.5

1/ UNTTS IN THOUS TONS IN LONG TONS (2,240L8S)3
7E9N FIELD INDICATES A COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
RLANKS INDICATE ABSENCE OF DATA
TOTALS INCL. COMMERCTAL & DEFENSE CARGOES+

2¢ MI¥ED UNITS OF STAND & NON-STAND SIZE CONTs

3/ LONGSHORE STRIKE

n



TRADE ROUTE NO. 21
Gulf/United Kingdom and Ireland,
Continental Europe North of Portugal

Movement of containerized commercial cargo
tonnage on Trade Route No. 21 increased 27
percent in 1974 as compared to 1973. The
average compounded growth rate since 1970
was 80 percent.

U.S.-flag vessels carried more containerized
cargo than all other flags combined. Vessels
under the flags of West Germany and Finland,
which ranked second and third respectively, were
the only other flags carrying a significant
amount of containerized cargo. About 22 percent
of the total liner traffic on this route was
containerized in 1974. The ratio of export
containers to import containers was ees


The comparisons of individual Trade Routes found in
Tables 4 and 5, indicate that Trade Route Nos. 5-7-8-9
and 29 are the most active in terms of container
traffic. The East Coast/Northern Europe route
(5-7-8-9) accounts for 30 percent of all container
movements in U.S. foreign trade, while 26 percent

is carried in the Pacific/Far East trade (Trade
Route No. 29). Trade Route No. 4 (U.S. Atlantic/
Caribbean) experienced the greatest growth in
container traffic of the major U.S. trade routes.
Tonnage in 1974 was almost double 1973 levels,
while the number of containers increased 72 percent.


TRANE ROUTE 11 US S ATL/UK,I°ELOyCONT EUROPE(N OF PTGL)
TOTAL U.S. FLAG 17
NO. OF CONTAINERS 2/ cueic FEET TONNAGE
YEAR TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCT AL TOTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

1974 17.3 12.5 18,903,.1 18, 048.2 18265 17767
1673 13,5, 12.3 21,24362 19,431.64 206.8 173.5
1672 48 245 7901.0 3,990.4 43.0 28.6
1971 37 Pah 166 465601 2577749 39.0 2768

TOTAL INBOUND

1974 ory 4a? 9,245.9 9,164.5 66.5 66.2
1¢73 562 4.9 9,015.9 By 47262 Bue 5aet
1972 240 1.0 3467204 1462649 15.9 10,0
1o7t 37 a? +7 142601 1, 42604 11.0 11.0

TOTAL OUTBOUND

1974 Bae 77 965742 8,883.6 116.0 111.5
1975 8.2 7.4 12,227.42 10597961 12264 115.3
1072 2.7 164 4922865 2,361.5 27.0 18.6
1971 34 1.6 “9 3,230.0 1,351.8 28.0 16.7

1/ UNITS IN THOU? TONS TN LONG TOKS (2,240L8S)$
7E°0 FIELD INDICATES A COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
BLANKS INDICATE ARSENCE OF DATA?

TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

2/ MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON-STAND SIZE CONT.

3s LONGSHORE STRIKE

28



TRADE ROUTE 25 US PACZW CST S AMER,CEN AMER,MEXyCANAL Z
TOTAL ALL FLAGS 1/ =
NO. OF CONTATNERS 2/ cusic FEET TONNAGE
Yeno TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

197% 38 ser 5,230.7 5,006.8 5661 5268
1673 7.0 2.9 4100469 3,916.7 42.6 40.9
1972 1.7 1.6 2,206.9 2,175.9 21.2 20.7
1671 37 6 +f 1,034.2 1,032.8 7.8 748
1¢70 bet 1o1 1,938.5 1,938.5 12.5 12.5

TOTAL INBOUND

1076 1.66 1.5 2,364.2 2,297.1 22.7 22.5
1e72 1.0 1.0 1,467.2 1,458.2 14.8 14.7
1072 3 721.0 710.0 6.9 ba?
1971 37 ot «1 344.5 343.1 1.5 165
1970 Pa bbGet 644st 1.8 1.8
TOTAL OUTBOUND
1674 2.2 2.0 2, 86664 2470966 33,5 30.2
1973 1.9 1.8 2,537.6 2,458.4 27.8 26.2
1072 11 Lt 1,485.9 1546549 14.3 14.0
1e71 oh 4 689.7 689.7 642 6.2
1670 A 1,294.4 14294.4 10.7 10.7

1/7 UNTTS TN THOU? TONS IK LONG TONS (2,240L85)3
ZERO FIELD INDICATES A COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
BLANKS INDIMATE ABSENCE OF DATA
TOTALS INCL. COMMECCTAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

2/ MIXED UNTTS OF STAND & NON@STAND SIZE CONT.

7/ LONGSHOPE STRIKE

64



TRADE ROUTE 26 US PACJHAW & ALAS/UKsIRELANDsCONT EUROPE

NO. OF CONTAINERS 2/

YEAR TOTAL COMMERCIAL
197% 67.2 65.6
1973 63.9 63.1
1072 45.0 44a
1971 37 45 Sq
1970 3448 347
1974 3245 32.4
1973 29.4 29.4
1972 2249 = 1.
1671 3 1a,2 17.9
1°70 17.2 17al
1674 Tha 33.2
1¢73 Bay 33.7
1972 _ 2240 24.4
1e71 37 1643 16.2
1s70 1748 17.5

1/ UNITS TN THOUS TONS IA
ZERO FIELD INDICATES &

BLANKS INDICATE ABSENCE OF DATAs

TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.
24 MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON-STAND

37 LONGSHORE STRIKE

SIZE CONT.

TOTAL ALL FLAGS 1/
cusIc FEET
TOTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

7,000.0 74494442
80,885.6 79,907.47
524696.7 51, 991.7
41562407 40,421.65
41, 276.6 44, 214.9

TOTAL INBOUND

30,951.85 30,759,2
36,080.45 36,023.4
—25.063.2 25, 063.2
22,260.9 21,121.7
19,655.0 19,605.21

TOTAL OUTBOUND.

464048.2 4y 184.9
44,8U5.0 43, 944.2
—02sh33.5 __26,924,5
19,363.38 19, 299.7
24,621.45 24,609.7

LONG TONS (2,240Las) 3.
COUNT OF 99 OR LESS

66

TOTAL

a19.5
770.2
514.3
382.9

342.6

360.4
318.7
254.5
185.1

146.6

458.8
451.5
259.8
197.8

195.9

TONNAGE

COMMERCIAL

800.3
762.1
509.5
379.0

341.9

358.6
318.2
254.5
181.7

146.2

Gut.s
443.8
254.8
197.3

195.7


TRADE ROUTE NO. 26
Pacific, Hawaii, Alaska/United Kingdom

and Ireland, Continental Europe North of Portugal

The amount of containerized commercial cargo
moved on Trade Route No. 26 increased by only
five percent from 1973 to 1974 as compared to
the 49 percent increase from 1972 to 1973.

Vessels flying the Swedish flag carried more
than twice as much commercial cargo as the next
most prominent flag of registry, which was
Denmark. These two were followed by United
Kingdom and West German-flag vessels in terms

of tons carried. These four foreign flags
comprised 90 percent of all containerized com-
mercial cargo carried on this trade route during
1974.

Container technology has made impressive gains
in this trade. In 1974 almost 60 percent of
commercial liner tonnage was carried in con-
tainers. Container exports on route 26 were
23 percent higher than imports in 1974.

67


TRADE ROUTE NO. 11
South Atlantic/United Kingdom,
Continental Europe North of Portugal

The amount of containerized commercial cargo on Trade Route
No. 11 increased 16 percent during 1974 when compared to

1973 tonnage figures. This increase is far less than the

76 percent increase experienced in 1973, which indicates

the extent to which containerization has already penetrated
the liner market on this trade. Over half the liner cargo
traveling on Trade Route No. 11 in 1974, was carried in
containers, and it can therefore be expected that the rapid
growth in containerized traffic of the early 1970's will be
replaced by a more moderate expansion on this route in the
coming years. U.S.-flag vessels ranked second behind vessels
flying the United Kingdom flag, in 1974. The United Kingdom
vessels carried more containerized commercial cargo than all
other flags combined on this trade route. West German flag
vessels were the only other vessels that carried a significant
amount of containerized cargo during 1974.

Unlike the North Atlantic/Northern Europe trade route, the
South Atlantic route is poorly balanced between containerized
imports and exports. In 1974, the ratio of exports to imports
was 1.8.

25)



a

TRADE ROUTE NO. 81
Atlantic/Atlantic Canada

Container traffic increased dramatically on
Trade Route No. 81 in 1974. Total commercial
tonnage for the year was up 350 percent

from 1973 figures. Liner traffic on this
route is not heavy, but 57 percent of the
liner cargo moving in 1974 was containerized.
About one thousand containers weighing 21,600
long tons were moved. The majority of these
containers were outbound from the U.S., and
this was the area where container traffic
expanded most. Outbound container tonnage in
1974 was up 1,200 percent from 1973 levels.

American operators did not participate in this
trade in 1974. Vessels flying the flag of
Singapore carried virtually all the containers
traveling on this route.

77



Definitions:

Trade Route - a specifically designated channel
through which commerce of the United States flows
between a particular United States coastal area
or areas and a specific foreign coastal area or
areas.

Essential Trade Route - 4 trade route which has
been determined by the Maritime Administration to be
essential for the promotion, development , expansion,
and maintenance of the foreign commerce of the
United States.


Part I
Introduction

This report is published for use by both industry
and government groups interested in the waterborne
foreign commerce of the United States. It contains
summaries of containerized cargo statistics for each
of the Maritime Administration designated U.S.
foreign trade routes. These statistics are compiled
from information gathered by the Maritime Admin-
istration as required by Section 212(A) of the
Merchant Marine Act of 1936 (as amended) and General
Order 39 (as amended).

All operators of self-propelled, dry cargo and/or
passenger vessels of 1,000 or more gross registered
tons which are engaged in the foreign commerce of

the United States, must file Supplemental Unitized
Cargo Container Reports, (form MA-578A), if they

carry containerized cargo. A form must be filed
if, on any one voyage, the vessel carries 10 or
more 8x8x10 containers, half-height containers 8
feet in width and 10 or more feet in length, or
flatbeds 8 feet in width and 20 or more feet in
length. The forms are filed in duplicate with
the appropriate District Director of Customs upon
each initial entrance or final clearance of a
vessel at a United States port.

In addition to the filings of all commercial
merchant vessels, forms are filed for all voyages
of merchant vessels operated by or for the account
of the Department of Defense, except vessels of
the Military Sealift Command nucleus fleet.

Data reported to the Maritime Administration are
rounded to the nearest whole unit. Weight figures
reported represent the weight of the cargo less
the weight of the containers, and are expressed

in long tons (2,240 lbs.). Volume measurements
provided in this publication indicate the actual
cubic feet of cargo lifted, and not the interior
cubic capacity of the containers. Container counts
include both standard and non-standard sized
containers.

Statistics cited in this publication are quoted in
thousands of units. A zero field in the tables
indicates a count of 99 or less units or .09 percent
or less.

The original sources of statistical data provided
in this publication are "business confidential"
and cannot be provided in any manner which would
permit competitors to determine the carryings of
individual operators. For this reason some of
the tables in Part III have been omitted so as to
protect proprietary data.

Container data tables are not provided for Trade
Routes Nos. 2, 20, 28, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37,
38, 42, 43, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61,
77, 78, 80, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 89, 92, and 93.
These routes either did not have any container
traffic in 1974, or had less than three operators
which precluded the releasing of containerized
cargo statistics on them.


vt

* Portland ‘Superior \
|
i
S sal iaelnd BGuifalo Boston }
Ghicago New York
i UNITED STATES ieveiond priadsinio S
i a
\ /
\ San Francisco /
\ /
\ if
Los Angoles
\ /
Fo, ee opie
\ NE re ie /
N N.7TM\, Galveston /
Ne Corpus Christi 7 Note: Mony steamship lines provide services 10 portions of
hare ran, ‘end foreign:
Tampico ¢} ve ae
Veracruz’ Progreso e
sont ian,
Acprulc?  Goatzocoalcos = // Port au Giudad had
7 Prince Trujillo
Puerto Ba LaCeiba /
UNITED STATES ESSENTIAL ge aad / 6
FOREIGN TRADE ROUTES ~ i wiRPecuaeso
Trade Route Between ! . Pesoaite axPort of Spa
fBerronauilla 9 Guaira
No. 4 U.S. ATLANTIG PORTS L/

NO. 19 U.S. GULF PORTS Paramaribo

NO, 23 U.S. PACIFIC PORTS
NO. 33 U.S. GREAT LAKES PORTS 4
eo

Buenaventura

and

CARIBBEAN
SOUTH AMERICA



The major foreign flags and their shares of total
containerized commercial cargo tonnage which moved
in U.S. oceanborne foreign trade during 1974 were
United Kingdom (13%), Japan (13%) and West Germany
(12%). These three flags accounted for 67 percent
of all commercial containerized cargo tonnage
carried by foreign flags during calendar year 1974.
The amount of Japanese flag commercial containerized
cargo tonnage moved during 1974 increased 23 percent
over 1973, while West Germany increased 14 percent
and the United Kingdom increased 10 percent.

Among the various U.S. coastal districts listed in
Table 1, the North Atlantic region predominates in
containerized cargo traffic. In 1974, 55 percent
of the containers moving in U.S. foreign commerce
passed through North Atlantic ports. The region
which showed the greatest growth in container
traffic was the South Atlantic, where containerized
cargo tonnage increased 38 percent. The only area
showing a decline in container tonnage was the
Great Lakes, which has suffered from diversion of
containerized cargoes to North Atlantic ports. In
1974, container traffic on the Great Lakes was
only half what it was in 1973.

——————————————— eee

The port of New York surpasses all other U.S. ports
in container traffic. In 1974, eight million tons
of containerized cargo passed through the port of
New York. This was three and one-half times the
volume of containerized cargo passing through Los
Angeles, the second largest U.S, container port.
Several major ports registered impressive gains in
container traffic in 1974, In Boston, traffic was
up 58 percent, while in Miami traffic rose 72
percent over 1973 levels.

Table 3 lists the percentage of containerized cargo
carried by U.S.-flag vessels for major U.S. ports.
The East Coast ports of New York, Norfolk and Balti-
more each showed a substantial amount of container
movement by West German and United Kingdom vessels.
Ships of each of these nations moved over one million
tons through the port of New York, over 225,000 tons
through Baltimore, and over 270,000 tons through
Norfolk. The predominant foreign flag moving con-
tainers through West Coast ports was Japan. Japanese
flag vessels moved 107,000 tons through Long Beach;
241,000 tons through San Francisco; 178,000 tons
through Oakland; 315,000 tons through Seattle; and
999,000 tons through Los Angeles. The 999,000 tons
moved through the port of Los Angeles constituted

44 percent of all containerized cargo through that
port, which exceeded the 29 percent carried by U.S.-
flag vessels.


(eee

T.R. 53 - Pacific - South and East Africa - T.R. 65 - Pacific - Mediterranean
Malagasy Republic, British West Africa,
St. Helena and Ascension Is. Same foreign ports as T.R. 10
Same foreign ports as T.R. 51 T.R. 71 - Atlantic/West Coast Central America &
Mexico

T.R. 54 - Great Lakes/West Africa
Same foreign ports as T.R. 25 (except
Same foreign ports as T.R. 41 Canal Zone) and WCSA

T.R. 55 - Great Lakes/S. & E. Africa T.R, 72 - Gulf/West Coast Central America &
Mexico

Same foreign ports as T.R. 51
| Same foreign ports as T.R. 25 (except
T.R. 56 - Great Lakes/Red Sea, India, P.G., Canal Zone) and WCSA

Indo., Malaya, Singapore
T.R. 77 - Atlantic/Pacific Canal Zone
Same foreign ports as T.R. 17 and 18

22701 - Balboa
T.R. 57 — Round-the-World 22710 - Rodman
22799 - Other C.Z. (W.C.)

T.R. 58 - Great Lakes/Pacific Canada
T.R. 78 - Gulf/Pacific Canal Zone
12200-12497
Same foreign ports as T.R. 77
T.R. 59 - Great Lakes/Far East

T.R. 80 - Great Lakes/W.C.S.A., C.A. and Mexico
Same foreign ports as T.R. 12
Same foreign ports as T.R. 25
T.R. 60 - Great Lakes/Australia
3 T.R. 81 - Atlantic/Atlantic Canada
Same foreign ports as T.R. 16

01822 - Montreal
T.R. 61 - U.S. Great Lakes/Canada Great 13400-14499,16101 - Atlantic Canada
Lakes (Trans-Lakes) 15200-96 - Newfoundland (So, Atl. only)

15298,15299 - Labrador

86


O_o

TRADE ROUTE NO. 91
Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands/Foreign

Commercial container tonnage on this route equalled
24,000 long tons in 1974. This represented an
increase of 35 percent over 1973 levels. Inbound
container tonnage surpassed outbound tonnage by

about 150 percent.
West German vessels carried about half of the

containers moving in the trade. The United Kingdom

ranked second in container tonnage moved.

79


CO —

71400-99
72100-95
72197

72300-73
72500-95
72901-13
73600-01

46160-99
54900-27
55000-02
55100-24
55500

56500-97
56649

57000-55
57099
57900-19
58000-35
58097
58201

T.R. 10 (continued)

Morocco

Algeria

Optional - Algeria

Tunisia

Libya

Egypt (Medit.)

Spanish Africa (Medit.) N.E.C.

T.R. 11 - South Atlantic - United Kingdom - Eire &
Continental Europe, incl. No. Spain and
Scandinavian, Baltic Ports

Same foreign ports as T.R. 5, 6
(excluding Newfoundland), 7, 8, and 9

T.R. 12 - Atlantic - Far East

U.S.S.R. (Eastern Region)
Thailand (Siam)

North Vietnam

South Vietnam

Cambodia (Khmer Republic)
Philippine Islands

Macao (Port. Asia) China

N. China & Manchuria

S. China

North Korea

Republic of Korea
Optional - Rep. of Korea
Hong Kong

82

58270
58300-11
58800-96
58897
59075
59099

68405
68465
68469
68490
68494

- Knowloon

- Taiwan ( Formosa)
- Japan

- Optional - Japan
- Okinawa

~ All other Nansei (U.S. Admin.)

- Carolina Is.
- Marianas Is.
- Marianas Is.
- Marshall Is.
~- Palau Is. (W.

(W. Pac.)

(Saipan) (W. Pac.)
(Tinian)

(W. Pac.)

Pac.)

T.R. 13 - South Atlantic/Gulf - Mediterranean, Black
Sea, Portugal, So. Spain, Morocco, Azores

Same foreign ports as in T.R. 10

T.R. 16 - Atlantic & Gulf - Australia, New Zealand,

New Guinea & S,
60200-82
60287
60291-99
60400-47
61400-47
61457-61

61481

61500-01
62200-99
64100-95
68500-99

Sea Is.

- Australia

- Optional - Australia
~- Tasmania

- Papua New Guinea

- New Zealand

- Cook Islands

- Niue Is.

- Western Samoa

- British W. Pacific Is,

- French Pacific Is.

- Other Pacific Is. Nauru, Fiji,
Tonga


So ———

tRAOF ROUTE 05 - U7 - 08 - G9 USN ATL/UKyEUROPE(N OF PTGLY
TOTAL U.S. FLAG 17
No. OF CONTAINERS 2¢ cupic FEET TONNAGE
YEAR roTaL SOMMERCT AL TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

1976 22e ot 190.4 366573465 311, 084.3 3,113.8 2,726.9
1973 276 6b 1a9.6 353,177.67 302, 44067 2499462 2,625.0
1072 1n0.t 138.3 277,226.01 221, 366-5 2, 30069 1,906.6
1e7i 37 161.9 123.2 2369477 ot 190, 010.2 2,079.5 1,645.6 ‘
1970 176.6 109.7 248404266 210, 66069 2,245.0 1, 96647

TOTAL INBOUND

1976 108.9 104.6 181,808.6 175,23004 1,504.6 1,473.6
1675 117.9 109.4 137519940 180,832.67 1,528.0 1,508.3 |
1672 7.0 20.6 136,252.68 127484704 1,111.5 2 08264
1971 7547 7169 102,030.7 95144265 97166 948.4
1970 BAS 9548 113,173.90 107, 86567 1,135.8 1,116.0

TOTAL OUTBOUND

1°74 117.4, 8568 184492509 135,85368 1,609.2 1425342
1973 112.5 79.9 165,97867 121460749 1946642 1,11667
1972 O81 5746 14097363 93, 51960 1518965 824.1
1971 7 ae,3 51.3 134, 44604 84456766 1510769 69765
1970 BAL 63.9 134486905 102, 79462 1,109.1 848.5

4/ UNITS IN THOUt TONS IN LONG TONS (2,240L85)¢
geen FIELD INOICATES # COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
BLANKS TNOTCATE ABSENCE OF DATA
TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES «
27 4TXED UNITS OF STAND & NON-STAND SIZE CONT.
3/ LONGSHORE STRIKE



CONTAINERIZED
| CARGO STATISTICS

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Calendar Year 1974

Maritime Administration



————————$—$5—

T.R. 17 - U.S. Atlantic, Gulf Pacific/Indonesia, 72923-99 - Egypt (R.S.)

Malaysia and Singapore 73201 - Sudan (P. Sudan) R.S.
55700-59 - Malaysia 77000-01 - Berbera, Somali Republic (Northern
55900-76 - Singapore Reg.)

56000-99 - Indonesia 77405-09 - Eritrea and Ethiopia (Assab &
56769-99 - Southern and Southeastern Massawa)
Asia, N.E.S. 77701 - French Somaliland (R.S.) (Djibouti)
T.R. 18 - Atlantic & Gulf - India, Persian Gulf, T.R. 19 - Gulf - Caribbean (Incl. Cristobal & E.C.
Red Sea, Pakistan, and Burma Mexico)
50500-47 - Iraq (P.G.)
50700-51 - Iran (Persia) (P.G.) Same foreign ports as T.R. 4
50871 - Israel (Red Sea Area)
51105 - Jordan (Aqaba) T.R. 20 - Gulf - East Coast South America
51300-25 - Kuwait
51700-27 - Saudi Arabia, R.S. and P.G. Same foreign ports as T.R. 1
51800-25 — Qatar
T.R. 21 - Gulf - U.K., Eire, Continental Europe
52000-05 - United Arab Emirates (Incl. No. Spain, Scandinavia and Baltic Ports)
52100-25 - Yemen Arab Republic
52200-01 - Yemen Same foreign ports as T.R. 5, 6
52300-30 - Oman (excluding Newfoundland) 7, 8, and 9
52501-20 - Bahrain
53300-99 - India T.R. 22 - Gulf - Far East
53500-9 - Pakistan (Karachi)
53800-27 - Bangladesh Same foreign ports as T.R, 12
54200-01 - Ceylon (Colombo & all other T.R. 23 - Pacific - Caribbean (Incl. Cristobal &
Ceylon ports) E.C. Mexico)
54600-01 - Burma (Rangoon & all other
Burma ports) Same foreign ports as T.R. 4
83



TRADE ROUTE 29 US PACyHAW & ALAS/FAR EAST

TOTAL ALL FLAGS 1/

NO. OF CONTAINERS 2/7 cuBlIc FEET TONNAGE
YEAR TOTAL US% COMMERCIAL US® TOTAL us% COMMERCIAL US% TOTAL ust COMMERCIAL US%
\ TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND 7 7
| 1974 457.4 49.0 4567 4342 722,178.46 46.3 645, 340.1  4005 5y74B.7 4862 5,055.8 41.9
1073 45.3 45.8 360.3 39,2 603,768.49 42.2 5 43,812.0  56.2 4982662 42.4 4529329 3545
197? 324.2 59.8 257.6 49.7 511427724 49.6  424,871.7 39.6 “3448466 5769 2470769 46.1
te7t 3/0 259.L Bted 179.9 44 334,798.40 66.3 — 216,926.3  48.0 2,801.6 62.5 1,764.2 4066
1970 265.0 60.3 181.5 42.2 320,962.1 65.8 204, 708-6 45.6 2,781.3 6h.2 1,688.7 41,3
TOTAL INBOUND — Se 7s
1974 237.6 45.8 © 232.5 4447 391,856.9 46.7 362,851-2 4545 2452.9 4565 239465 hee
1973 209.3 45.6 | 205.3 44.5 329,471.85 44,8  321,914.1 43.6 1,958.3 41.0 1,927.6 4d.1
1972 173.4 57.5 165.0 55,3 274,022.0 52.0 256,757.86 49.2 1,636.5 53.9 1,367.1 51.6
1971 37 131.5 57.5 118.2 52.7 175,159.5 61.7 151,868.7 55.9 1,067.1 57.8 961.1 52.3
1°70 138.8 52.4 126.9 48.0 164,694.7 60.0 144,091.7 54.3 1,135.3 57.1 1,001.2 5Si.4
er " yorAL oursounD)— i  ssi—itsi—‘“—sSsTMs~s~TM~S—SOSSS—O
107% 219.8 52.5 173.2 Wat 330,521.5 45.9 262448848 33.3 3,295.8 50.2 2,661.3 39.9
1¢73 196.0 45.4% 155.0 32,0 274,297.0 39,1 221,897.29 25.4 2,667-9 43.35 2,366.35 31.7
1972 150.7 62.4 92.8 3968 237,255.64 46.9  166,113.9 24.6 2,048.1 60.6 1454067 40.5
171 37 12766 64.8 1.6 27.2 159,638.65 71.3 65,057.45 29.7 1+714.4 65.5 803.1 26.5

1970 126.1 69.0 54.5 28.8 156,235.0 71.9 60,616.9 28.2 1,645.7 69-4 687.4 26.5

1/ UNTTS IN THOUS TONS TN LONG TONS (2,240L8S)3
ZERO FIELD INDICATES A COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
OR A PERCENT .09% OR LESS?

TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

27 MIXED UNITS 9F STAND & NON=STAND SIZE CONT.

3/ LONGSHORE STPIKE .



Table 2

Containerized Cargo by Selected U.S. Ports!/
Calendar Years 1973 - 1974

Containers2/ Total Tons3/
Number Number
Percent Percent
U.S. Port4/ 1973 1974 Increase 1973 1974 Increase
New York 523 583 10 6,991 8,038 15
Los Angeles 154 180 17 1,804 2,262 25
Norfolk 96 121 26 1,356 1,678 24
Baltimore 95 108 14 1,210 1,584 31
Oakland 90 101 12 1,118 1,290 15
Seattle 83 90 8 983 1,114 13
San Francisco 73 84 15 834 1,001 20
Long Beach 67 74 10 805 951 18
Charleston 32 36 12 471 615 31
Philadelphia 36 44 22 519 613 18
Houston 31 37 19 458 530 16
New Orleans 27 38 41 364 521 43
Miami 19 30 58 241 414 72
Savannah 19 27 42 255 364 43
Portland 20 24 20 296 331 12
Boston 15 22 47 199 314 58
All Other Ports 51 51 0 722 731 1
Total 1,431 1,650 55) 18,626 22,351 20

1/ All units are in thousands; tons are in long tons (2,240)
2/ Mixed units of standard and nonstandard size containers
3/ Includes military cargoes

4/ Ports selected on the basis of total tons moved


EEE

Table 1

Containerized Cargo by U.S. Coastal Districtsl/
Calendar Years 1973 - 1974

containers?! Total Tons3/
Number Number

Percent Percent
Coastal Districts 1973 1974 Increase 1973 1974 Increase
North Atlantic 776 887 14 10,402 12,369 19
South Atlantic 83 110 33 1,198 1,659 38
Gulf 62 80 29 877 1,125 28
South Pacific 384 440 15 4,598 5,507 20
North Pacific 112 121 8 1,362 1,548 14
Great Lakes 8 4 -50 118 59 -50
Hawaii 5 6 20 53 60 13
Alaska 0 0 - 0 0 =
Puerto Rico L 2 100 18 24 33
Total 1,431 1,650 15 18,626 22,351 20

1/. All units are in thousands; tons are in long tons (2,240)
2/ Mixed units of standard and nonstandard size containers
3/ Includes military cargoes


CC

TRAOF ROUTE 24 US GULF/UK,IRELO,CONT EUROPEIN OF PTGL?
TOTAL ALL FLAGS 17
NO. OF CONTAINERS 27 cusIC FEET
YEAR TOTAL SOMMERCTAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

1e74 61.5 60.7 124,033.66 122,913,4
1o7® 45.2 Gh 90, 428.9 89, 286.8
1972 19.6 1708 34y57147 71, 531,2
1¢e71 37 4.7 7.8 11,065.0 10,027.61
1979 Tah 663 8478442 8,179.4

TOTAL INBOUND

1674 27 6% 27.3 58y751.5 58,716.3
1973 17.4 3,998.3 33, 864.5
1072 9.3 9.0 16,140.98 15,552.3
1671 37 3 342 4,285.0 415567
1970 75 3.6 4454542 4523.9

TOTAL OUTBOUND

1674 34.0 3343 65, 282.1 64,197.61
167% 2748 27.0 5643065 559422.0
1972 10.2 867 181430.3 15,978.8
1e7t 37 5.3 4.6 6577969 5,891.35
1970 Brey 2.7 4,239.0 3405504

1/ UNITS IN THOU? TONS IW LONG TONS (2,240L8S)3
7E°O FIELD INDICATES # COUNT OF 9° OP LESS
BLANKS INOTRATE ABSENCF OF DATAT
TOTALS TNCLs COMMERGTAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

2/ MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON-STAND SIZE CONT.

37 LONGSHORE STRIKE

TOTAL

891.5
703.5
283.2
126.3

91.7

34866
220.6
118.9

39,2

46.9

542.8
432.8

164.2

TONNAGE

COMMERCTAL

88064
692.7
259,0
115.4

83.8

34804
220.9
116.8

34.8

46.8

531.9
472.6
142.1

7646

37,0



a en ae

TRADE ROUTE 17 US ATL,»GULF & PAC/INDONES,MALAYS,SINGAPR
TOTAL ALL FLAGS 17
NO. OF CONTAINERS 2 cusIc FEET TONNAGE
YEAR TOTAL = =US% COMMERCIAL US% TOTAL = US% COMMERCTAL US% TOTAL usz COMMERCIAL US%

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTROUND

1°74 13.3 79,2 12.8 78,3 14,394.5 74.9 13,888.6 74.0 172.2 «82,4 165.2 81.3
> 1973 868 7469 6.1 73,3 9,299.6 73,0 8,601.4 71.2 162.9 80,u 93.5 78.4
1¢72 3.1 51.0 2.9 53.2 3,178.4 44.9 3,061.6 46.5 25.6 4b. 24.7 45.9
1971 3 1.6 47.4 166 47.9 1,478.2 43.4 Ls66004 4349 15.1 46.4 14.8 4742
1670 +9 59.9 +9 59.5 728.3 57.7 725.3 5704 8.0 63.4 8.0 63.0
TOTAL INBOUND : ~
19°74 3.5 96.0 3.5 9660 3,816.4 96.8 3,816.4 9468 50.7 95.6 50.7 95.6
1973 3.0 3.0 85.3 3,521.3 81.9 35518.8 61.9 31.0 38.6 31.0 88.6
1972 1.5 1.5 7B. 1,579.6 70.7 1,578.8 70.7 10.0 72,2 10.0 72.2
te7i +5 66.7 +5 6667 494.7 60.8 494.7 60.8 4.0 64.7 4.0 64.7
1970 st 76.7 1 7407 130.6 80.0 130.6 80.0 +9 87.6 +9 8766
TOTAL OUTBOUND e a fa =
1676 9.8 73.2 9.2 7445 10,578.1 67.8 10,072.2 66.2 121.5 76.4 114.4 75.0
1973 5.7 69.4 5.0 66.0 Sy 778.2 6767 5,082.6 63.8 71.9 76.3 6265 73.4
1972 1.5 24. 1.4 26.1 1,598.8 19.3 1482.8 20.6, 15.5 26.4
1971 37 tet 37.6 1.0 38.3 983.5 34.7 965.7 35,2 11.1 39.9 10.8 40.7
1970 +7 5662 +7 55.7 59766 52.8 592.6 52.4 7et 60.0 7et 59.9

1/ UNTTS IN THOUS TONS IN LONG TONS (2,240L8S) 3

ZERO FIELO INDICATES A COUNT OF 99 OR LESS

0° A PERCENT .09% OR LESS$

TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES, =
2/ MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON=STAND SIZE CONT.
37 LONGSHORE STRIKE



Part IV

Trade Route and Port Code Description

The following lists the major ports of the
world according to trade routes. The ports
and corresponding codes are derived from
Schedule K, Classification of Foreign Ports
by Geographic Trade Area and Country 1976,
published by the U.S. Department of Commerce,
Bureau of Census.

T.R. 1 - Atlantic - East Coast South America

30198 - Col. - Amazon River Ports
33337 - Iquitos, Peru

35107-99 - Brazil

35300-01 - Paraguay

35500-35 - Uruguay

35700-95 - Argentina

37200 - Falkland Is.

T.R. 2 - Atlantic - West Coast South America
30151,30163 - Colombia (W.C.)

30199 - Other Col. (W.C.)
33100-61 - Ecuador

33300-89 - Peru (excl. 33337)
33700-97 - Chile

T.R. 4 - Atlantic - Caribbean (Incl. Cristobal
and East Coast Mexico)

20153-99 - East Coast Mexico

20500-13 - Guatemala (Carib.) E.C.C.A.

20800-01 - British Honduras (Carib.)
E.C.C.A.

21500-46 - Honduras (Carib.) E.C.C.A.

21900-25 - Nicaragua (Carib.) E.C.C.A.

80

22300-13 - Costa Rica (Carib.) E.C.C.A.
22500-19 - Panama (Carib,) E.C.C.A
22700,22718 - Canal Zone (Carib.)
23201,51,99 - Bermuda

23600-61 - Bahamas, W.1.

23900-91 - Cuba, W.I.

24200-80 - Jamacia, W.I.

24500-91 - Haiti, W.I.

24700-91 - Dominican Republic, W.I.
24800-53 - Leeward Is., W.I.
24871-99 - Windward Is., W.I.
27201-13 - Barbados, W.I.

27400-46 - Trinidad, W.I.

27451 - Tobago, W.I.

27700-99 - Netherlands Antilles
28300-13 - Guadaloupe (Carib.)
28351-99 - Martinique (Carib.)
30100-45 - Colombia (Carib.)
30700-82 - Venezuela (Carib.)
31200-68 - British Guiana

31500-37 - Surinam (Neth. Guiana)
31700 - French Guiana

5 - North Atlantic-United Kingdom and Eire

41200-99 - United Kingdom (West Coast Ports
41400-85 - Wales

41513-99 - United Kingdom (Channel Ports)
41600-98 - Scotland

41702-99 - United Kingdom ( East Coast Port
41800-15 - North Ireland

41900-13 - Ireland (Eire)


Vea

1974
1973
1977
1971

1970

1976
107%
1972
1971

1970

1874
1973
1072
1o7t

1970

NO.

TOTAL

17.9
17.1
Wt

3.5

3s

28.6

25.3
14.0

TRADE ROUTE 11 US S ATL/UKsIRELD,CONT EUROPEIN OF PTGL)

OF CONTAINERS 27

US% COMMESCTAL USZ%

28.6
31.8
19,2

27.8

77.3
30.6
18.5

21.1

45e4
41.1

22.8

9

17 oe

16.7

27.6
29.9
tte

21.0

2765
29.3
19.6
211

2747

30.3

11.5

TOTAL

TOTAL INBOUND

93,281.64
81, 300.7
48, 41365
17,582.3

14409.

3475665
28,941.7
19,574.6

6,012.7

75461

61,524.9
52, 358.9
28, 838.9
11, 569.6

655.2

1/ UNITS TN THOUS TONS IN LONG TONS (2,240LBS)3
ZERO FIELO INDICATES 4 COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
OR A PERCENT .99% OR LESS?
TOTALS INCL« COMMERCTAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

2/ MTXED UNTTS OF STAND & NON@STAND SIZE CONT.

37 LONGSHORE STRIKE

TOTAL ALL FLAGS 17

queic FEET

us%

20.3
26.1
16.3
26.5

a)

COMMERCTAL US%
& oUTsOUND
91,821,3 19.7
79,2841 2445
4,502.9 906
15470440 1747
1,409.4 20

TOTAL INBOUND

29,1
31.2
16.8
23.7

0

31,069.93 29,5
28,333.3 29.9
17,531,093
6.01267 23.7

754.1 0

TOTAL OUTBOUND

15.7
23.4
14.7
27.9

<0

60,751.53 14.6
50,950.8 21.5
26,971.69 868
9,691.3 13.9

655.42 wo

TOTAL

787.8
704.8
394.3
164.3

13.4

279.2
273.2
159.3

50.8

666

508.5
45165
234.9

93.4

COMMERCTAL US%

TONNAGE
ust
23.2 777.0
29,3 669.46
1949 379.9
27k 133.0
a) 13.4
23.8 272.9
30,9 246.3
10.0 153.5
21.7 5u.8
ww 6.6
22.8 504.0
284 423.0
11.65 226.4
30.0 62.1
ot) 6.7

22.9
25.9

75
20.9

24.3
23.6

666
21.7

22.2
27.3

8.2
20.4



———OEOEOEOEOA—_—E—E—EEEEOEOE——EEEOAOESEXOXOXOXOXOMJOEE—

TRANE ROUTE 29 US PACyHAH & ALAS/FAR EAST
TOTAL UsS. FLAG 17
NO. OF CONTAINERS 77 cusic FEET TONNAGE
YEAR TOTAL COMMESCTAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL
TOTAL INROUND & OUTSOUND

1674 726.3 175.0 334,663.0 261,595.3 2,771.8 2,120.2
1973 185.4 141.2 255,027.7 196,631.65 2,043.9 1,525.2
167? 193.7 178.2 253,574.69 108, 336.4 2,016.0 1,248.4
ter wy 158.2 79.0 221,934.66 104,133.1 1,752.2 715.8
1°70 159.7 7666 211,201.68 95, 403.5 1,785.5 696.6

TOTAL INBOUND

1s7u 10R.8 103.8 193,142.09 174,259.62 1,116.7 1, 059.1
1073 95.5 91.6 147, 723.2 140,236.64 a02.9 772.6
197? 99.6 91.2 142, 411.8 127,184.66 774.2 704.9
1971 75.6 62.3 10A,120,2 B4, 843.5 628.8 502.9
1970 72.7 50.9 98, 89668 78,293.67 648.4 514.3

TOTAL OUTBOUND

1976 115.4 71.2 151,500.9 874 334.0 1,655.0 1,061.0
1973 89,4 49.5 107,306,5 56, 395.1 1,241.0 750.5
1672 aut 36.9 111,163.1 41,147 08 1,2u1.8 543.5
1971 4% 47.6 16467 113,814,3 19, 289.5 15123.4 212.9
1e70 ae. 15.7 112,272.47 17,109.28 1,136.7 182.2

1/ UNITS IN THOUt TONS TN LONG TONS (2,240L8S)3
ZF20 FIELD INNICATES & COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
SLANKS INOTCATE ABSENCE OF DATAT
TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

2/ MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON@STANO SIZ© CONT.

27 LONGSHOSE STPIKE


79%,
es
9 2

CANADA

UNITED STATES

a

Yd

fh,
(er

UNITED STATES ESSENTIAL
FOREIGN TRADE ROUTES

Trode Route Between

NO. || U.S. SOUTH ATLANTIC PORTS

NO. 6 U.S. NORTH ATLANTIC PORTS ;
NO. 5-7-8-9 U.S. NORTH ATLANTIC PORTS
NO, 21 U.S. GULF PORTS
NO, 26 U.S. PACIFIC PORTS
NO. 32 U.S. GREAT LAKES PORTS
and

UNITED KINGDOM AND EUROPE
NORTH OF PORTUGAL

SOUTH AMERICA



TRADE ROUTE NO. 24
Pacific/East Coast South America

Containerization has been increasing steadily
on Trade Route No. 24, and in 1974, about 18
percent of liner cargoes were carried in
containers. ‘The trade route is not an active
one, however, and less than 3,000 containers
were moved in 1974. Container exports were
30 percent higher than imports, and thus
roughly matched the trade pattern for tradi-
tional break bulk cargoes on this route. The
United States was the only significant flag

operating on this route in 1974.

63


Part IL

Containerized Cargo Profile

Containerized cargo is a significant part of the total
United States foreign waterborne commerce. In 1974,
21 million tons of cargo were carried in containers
in the foreign commerce of the United States. This
was a 19 percent increase over 1973 levels, and a 72
percent increase over 1972 levels. Besides this
absolute growth, container transport has been growing
in relation to total commercial liner tons as well.
In 1974, 40 percent of all U.S. commercial liner
cargoes were carried in containers, as compared to

34 percent in 1973, and 27 percent in 1972.

Because of the quicker turnaround times and savings
in cargo handling costs made possible by container-
ization, the use of intermodal ships has grown
rapidly over the last decade and a half. In 1974,
this growth rate abated somewhat, not because
of any negative influences, but because the industry
is approaching the limits of economic feasibility.
By 1974, most containerizable commodities had
already been adapted to containerized transport.
The growth in container traffic which did occur
in 1974, was due to the following factors:

1) containerization of commodities previously
considered uncontainerizable.

2) imtroduction of additional markets to be
serviced by containerships.

3) improvements in port facilities and cargo
handling equipment, which facilitated the efficient
loading and unloading of containers.

4) an increase in the number of vessels in
the world fleet which were capable of carrying
containers.

In examining that portion of U.S. foreign commerce
that is carried in U.S.-flag vessels, we find that
an even larger proportion of total liner cargo was
carried in containers. In 1974, 57 percent of U.S.
liner cargoes carried in U.S.-flag vessels was
containerized, while only 33 percent of the cargoes
carried in foreign vessels were containerized. This
reflects the greater technical advancement of the
U.S. freighter fleet, and the enthusiasm of U.S.
operators and shippers for developing intermodal
transportation. In 1974, U.S.-flag vessels
transported 8.8 million tons of U.S. commercial cargo.
Thus, while U.S.-flag vessels carried only 31 percent
of our total foreign cargoes, they carried 42 percent
of all containers moved in 1974.

There were fourteen U.S.-flag operators engaged in
U.S. oceanborne containerized foreign trade during
1974. They were American Export Lines, American
President Lines, Delta Steamship Lines, Farrell Lines,
Lykes Brothers Steamship Co., Moore-McCormack Lines,
Pacific Far East Line, Prudential Lines, Sea Land,
Seatrain, States Steamship Company, United States
Lines, Waterman-Isthmian Line and Waterman Steamship
Corp.


TRADE ROUTE NOS. 5-7-8-9
North Atlantic/United Kingdom and Ireland, Germany (North Sea),
Belgium, Netherlands, Atlantic France and Spain (North of Portugal)

Trade Route Nos. 5-7-8-9 continued to be the
most active route in terms of containerized
commercial cargo. Thirty percent of all
containerized cargo exported or imported
through all U.S. ports moved on this trade
route during 1974. The amount of containerized
commercial cargo tonnage increased seven
percent, from 5.8 million tons in 1973 to

6.2 million tons in 1974,

U.S.-flag vessels carried 43.7 percent of
all containers on this route, and thus
handled over twice as much cargo as any of
the other flags competing in this North
Atlantic trade. The United Kingdom was
second to the U.S. with 21 percent of total
container traffic, followed by West Germany
with 17 percent. Containerized tonnage
traveling on this route is fairly well
balanced between imports and exports.

17



T.R, 6 - North Atlantic - Scandinavia and Baltic T.R. 9 - North Atlantic - Atlantic France and

ports (Incl. Nfld., Greenland, and Iceland) North Spain
10100-77 - Greenland 42700-62 - France (Atl.)
15200-96 - Newfoundland 42798 - France (Atl.)
40000-37 - Iceland 46900-29 - Atl. Spain (North of Portugal)
40100-99 - Sweden
40300-98 - Norway T.R. 10 - North Atlantic - Mediterranean & Black
40500-87 - Finland Sea - Portugal & Southern Spain - Morocco - Azores
40900-76 - Denmark (Incl. Faros Is.) 42773-99 - France (Medit.) Incl. Corsica &
40997 - Den. - Optional Ports Monaco
42505 - Optional - Denmark & Germany 46121-50 - U.S.S.R. (B.S.)
42800-35 - West Germany (Baltic) 46700-21 - Azores
42900-35 - East Germany (Baltic) 46931-49 - Spain (Atl. - Southeast of Portugal)
44701 - Estonia 46957-99 - Spain (Medit.)
44901-51 - Latvia
45101 - Lithuania 47100-45 - Portugal (Atl.)
45500-09 - Poland 47201 - Gibraltar
45511-15 - Danzig 47305 - Malta (Valetta)
45597 - Optional - Poland & Danzig 47500-98 - Italy
46100-09 - U.S.S.R. (Arctic)
46113-20 - U.S.S.R. (Baltic) 47797 - Optional - Yugo. & Italy
47900-35 - Yugoslavia

T.R. 7 - North Atlantic - Germany (North Sea) 47997 - Optional - Yugo.

42867-99 - West Germany (Atl, Region) 48400-75 - Greece
48500-11 - Romania

T.R, 8 - North Atlantic - Netherlands & Belgium 48700 - Bulgaria
42100-90 - Netherlands
42197 - Optional - Netherlands 48900-99 - Turkey (in Asia & Europe)
42300-81 - Belgium 49133-99 - Cyprus
42397 - Optional - Belgium 50200-15 - Syria
42501 - Optional - Neth/Belg. 50400-27 - Lebanon
42502 - Optional - Neth/Germ. 50800-45 - Israel (Medit.)
42503 - Optional - Belg/Germ.
42504 - Optional - Neth/Belg/Germ.

81


SO_—~X—K—r——«—«—rer—rerrrerreC€lUgyOOOOOlOEOl_E_E_—_—_—OEEE EO EEO

TRADE ROUTE 19 US GULF/CARIBBEAN,EAST COAST MEXICO
TOTAL ALL FLAGS 17
NO. OF CONTAINERS 2¢ cusIc FEET TONNAGE
Yeas TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTSOUND

1974 3e1 Sel 537543 5137462 5762 5762
1973 7.0 2.0 3485840 3,861.5 244 24.3
1672 a 346.0 346.0 20 201
to7l . ai 25760 132.5 1.7 4
1¢70 +0 74.6 54.1 2
TOTAL INBOUND
174 “ 1,362.0 1,362.0 1064 1064
1973 . 406.9 40609 1,0 1.0
1¢72 +0 0 19.2 19.2 +0 +0
1e71 7 . 10.0 10.0 +a +0
TOTAL OUTBOUND
1674 2.5 265 4,013.2 012.4 46.8 4607
1673 168, 1. 3e45101 3443466 23.4 23.3
1072 at 326.8 326.8 2.0 2.0
e713 +2 rr 24649 122.4 1.7
1970 . 64.6 444 +2

1/ UNTTS TN THOUS TONS IN LONG TONS (2,240L6S)3
ZERO FIELD INDICATES A COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
BLANKS INDICATE ABSENCE OF DATAS
TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

27 MIXED UNITS OF STANO & NON-STANO SIZE CONT,

3/ LONGSHOSE STRIKE



E'S

TRADE ROUTE 91 PUERTO RICO,VIRGIN IS/FOREIGN

NO. OF CONTAINERS 2

YEAR TOTAL COMMERCIAL
1°74 1.7 147

1°73 1.4 1.6

172 BO +8

1E71 37 1,3 1.3

1670 2.5 2.5

1674 11 tat

1673 1.0 1.0

1972 ry A a2 =
1671 3, 1.0 1,0

1970 1.5 1.5

1674 5 5

1973 3 3

1072 Kae ow
1971

1970

47 UNITS IN THOUS TONS IN LONG TONS (2,240La5)$
ZERO FIFLO INDICATES & COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
BLANKS INDICATE ABSENCE OF DATAS a
TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.
MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON-STANO SIZE CONT,

ToT

TOTAL

24773.9
2,250.8
1,412.7
2,149.6
Ge 711.3

To
2,011.9
1,702.1
1,356.9
1,625.1

2,483.4

AL ALL FLAGS 17
cusic Feet

COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

2,773.9
24249.7
1,407.6
2,092.9
4565248
TAL INBOUND
2,011.9
1,702.1
1,351.8
1,566.4

2442660

TOTAL ouraquno

761.9
54Ba7
5508
526.4
2,228.2

761.9
54765
—-—— 55.8 ___
524.4
2,226.8

37 LONGSHOPE STRIKE

TOTAL

24.0
17.8

6S
10.6

2he4

17h
13.4
5aB
B62

13.4

6.8
4s

10,9

TONNAGE

COMMERCIAL

24.0
1748

6.2
10.4

23.7



T.R. 24 - Pacific -

East Coast South America

Same foreign ports as T.R. 1

T.R.. 25 - Pacific -
Amer., Mexico and

20100-46 =
20551-99 =
21101-99 =
21551-99 =
21951-99 =

22363-99 =
22577-99 “
22701,, 10,99 -
30151-99 =
33100-61 i
33300-89 -
33700-97 -

W.C. South Amer., Central
Balboa

W.C. Mexico
Guatemala (W.C.)
E. Salvador
Honduras (W.C.)
Nicaragua (W.C.)

Costa Rica (W.C.)

Panama (W.C.)

Canal Zone (W.C.)

Colombia (W.C.) (excl. 30198)
Ecuador

Peru (excl. 3337)

Chile

T.R. 26 - Pacific/Hawaii/Alaska - United Kingdom,

Eire, Continental

Europe, incl. No. Spain and

Scand. & Baltic ports

Same foreign ports as T.R. 5, 6 (excl.
Newfoundland), 7, 8, and 9

T.R. 27 - Pacific, Hawaii - Australia, New Zealand,

New Guinea & S, Sea Is.

Same foreign ports as T.R. 16

T.R. 28 - Pacific - Middle East (Burma, Ceylon,
India, Pakistan, Persian Gulf, Gulf of Aden),
(Red Sea)

Same foreign ports as T.R. 18

T.R. 29 - Pacific, Hawaii, Alaska/Far East

Same foreign ports as T.R. 12
T.R. 31 - Gulf/West Coast South America
Same foreign ports as T.R. 2

T.R. 32 - Great Lakes/Europe

Same foreign ports as T.R. 5, 6, 7,
8 and 9 (excl. Newfoundland T.R. 89)

T.R. 33 - Great Lakes/Caribbean (Incl. E.C. Mexic
and Cristobal)

Same foreign ports as T.R. 4
T.R. 34 - Great Lakes/Mediterranean
Same foreign ports as T.R. 10
T.R. 35 - Atlantic/Great Lakes Canada
01000-09999, (except 01822 Montreal)
T.R. 36 - Gulf/Great Lakes Canada

01000-09999, (except 01822 Montreal)

84


 —  ———$—$— — _$_———————S

TRADE ROUTE NO. 23
Pacific/Caribbean (Including Cristobal
and East Coast Mexico)

Liner traffic on Trade Route No. 23 is not

heavy, and the proportion of cargoes shipped

in containers is only about six percent. In
1974, commercial container tonnage was down

47 percent from 1973 levels, but it remained

93 percent above 1972 levels. Outbound traffic
has always been much heavier than inbound traffic

on this route.

The United States fleet carriers almost all of
the containers moving on this route. No Defense
Department cargo moved in containers on this
route in 1974.

61


rs

Sy
v

CANADA

N\
\ CO

Deo

SOUTH AMERICA

UNITED STATES ESSENTIAL
FOREIGN TRADE ROUTES

Trade Route

NO. 13

NO. 10
NO, 34

MEDITERRANEAN AND BLACK SEA

AFRICA

|

Between

U.S. SOUTH ATLANTIC
AND GULF PORTS

U.S. NORTH ATLANTIC PORTS
U.S. GREAT LAKES PORTS

ond



TPADE ROUTE 65 US PAC/MEDCINCL BLACK SEA,

TOTAL ALL FLAGS 17

NO. OF CONTAINERS 27 cuBIC FEET

YEAR TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCTAL
TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

1674 Get 569 10,996.3 10, 584.4
1¢73 66 566 9,687.3 9,683.3
1¢72 369 3.9 4166249 4166064
e737 1.7 1.2 1294267 1,925.2
1¢70 3 ak 332.6 332.6
—— ==; TOTAL INBOUND 0

1974 4.7 4ab 9,158.1 8,831.9
1673 12 3.3 5,786.4 5s 786.4
1972 _ 2.8 a er —31449.5 _ 31 446.9
1671 37 9 1,310.8 1,310.8
1970 3 a2 318.3 318.3

a <= —..ToTaL_ouTaounn- ———

1674 1.3 1.3 1483842 1,752.4
1973 2.2 252 3,896.8 3, 89608
1872 1,0 1.0 1,215.4 ds 213.4
1971 37 s 3 631.8 612.4
te70 49 a0 14.3 14.3

1/ UNITS TN THOUS TONS IN LONG TONS (2,240185)3
ZERO FIELO INDICATES & COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
BLANKS INDICATE ABSENCE OF DATAS
TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

2, NITS OF STAND & NON=STAND SIZ© CONT.

3/ LONGSHOPE STRIKE

4

TOTAL

68.6

56.0

33.8

12.6
34h
12.9 _

2.3

al

TONNAGE

COMMER CTAL

66.3
68.0
3949

13.6

22.0

11.4

12.0
Sea
1749
2.2



TRADE @OUTE 13 US S ATL § GULF/MEDMINCLUDING BLACK SEA)
TOTAL ALL FLAGS 17
NO. OF CONTAINERS 2 cusIc FEET TONNAGE
YEAR TOTAL US” GOMMEPCTAL US% TOTAL US% COMMERCIAL uS% TOTAL = usZ COMMERCIAL US%

TOTAL INBOUND & OUT3OUND

1974 1 97.8 865 9766 13,839.9 97.6 12,871.2 97.4 122.5 97.9 11466 97.7
1973 7.5 96.6 7.5 96.6 10,401.42 96.2 105285.0 96.2 95.2 96,5 4.6 9642
1972 3.1 94.2 2.9 90.5 651.6 87.2 3,360.3 86.2 36.5 90-2 3465 8946
1971 37 1.3 97,7 1.3 97.6 1,422.1 97.2 1439264 97. 12,3 96.4 12,0 96.3
1¢70 +7 9944 99.0 907.5 99,2 896.2 99,2 967 9962 965 9962
TOTAL INBOUND
1974 5.2 9765 5.2 9745 7767-3 96.9 7,762.9 96.9 72,3 37.5 72.3 97.5
1973 W297 2 4.2 97.4 5,319.2 97.1 5+299.3 97.0 50.7 97.5 50.6 97.5
1972 2.5 91.3 265 9162 2,750.7 65.8 2,724e1 8547 29.2 89.9 29.1 89.8
1971 37 1.1 97,7 1.1 97.7 1,065.1 97.2 1,065.1 97,2 9.1 95.5 9.1 95.5
1970 14 Rew +h B6w 433.9 98.3 433.9 98.3 5.0 98.4 5.0 9864
TOTAL OUTBOUND
1974 363 98d 3.2 97.7 6,072.6 98.5 5,108.3 98.2 Suet 98.4 42.3 98.1
1973 3.3 95.6 3.20 95.5 5,081.9 95.3 4798566 9542 44.5 94.9 44.0 94.8
1972 5 90.8 +4 BED 900.8 91.5 636.7 88.1 7.2 9105 5.3 88.6
1971 st 96.9 357.0 97.2 32722 96.9 3.1 98.8 2.9 98.7
1979 +3 100.0 +2 100.0 473.6 100.0 462.3 100.0 4.6 100.0 4.5 100.0

1/ UNITS TN THOU? TONS TN LONG TONS (2,240LBS) 3
ZERO FIELO INDICATES A COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
OR A PERCENT .99% OR LESS?

TOTALS INCL.» COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES,

2/ MIXEO UNITS OF STANO & NON=STAND SIZE CONT.

3/ LONGSHORE STRIKE


TRADE ROUTE 16 US ATL & GULF/AUSTRALASIA
TOTAL ALL FLAGS 17
NO. OF CONTAINEDS 2/ CusIC FEET
Yeao TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

1674 64.5 64et 65,169.5 64, 810.5
1°73 51.9 51.8 43,840.9 43,739.5
1072 33.0 33.0 25405740 25,057 60
1071 37 10.6 10.5 9108745 9,057.6
1¢70 Gat 4el 4,900.3 4,900.3

TOTAL INBOUND

1974 22.0 22.0 25,709.9 25,709.9
1¢7% 21.7 21.7 18579044 16.790.4
1972 17.6 17.6 _ 13,695.0 13469540
1671 37 3.7, 3.7 3, 35666 3,356.6
i970 2.0 2.0 2,978.6 2,978.6

TOTAL OUTBOUND

1674 42et 39, 459.6 39, 100.5
1973 30,1 25,050.4 24,949.0
1072 ae a AS.4 11s 96220 —11.962.0 ____
teri 648 668 5573068 54701,0
1670 24 24 1,921.6 1,921.6

1/ UNITS IN THOU? TONS IN LONG TONS (2,240L8S)¢
ZERO FIELO INOTCATES & COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
BLANKS INOICATE AQSENCE OF DATAt
TOTALS INCL. COMMESCTAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

2/ MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON-STANO SIZE CONT

37 LONGSHORE STRIKE

50

TOTAL

902.0
709.2
460.8
120.2

40.6

316.7
315.5
268.1

45.2

17.8

585.2
393.6
——* Te
75.0

22.7

TONNAGE

COMMERCIAL

897.2
707.7
400.8
119.8

40.6

316.7
315.5
268.1

4542

1748

580.4

392.2
192.7

74.6

22.7


YEAR

1974
1973
1972
1974
1970

1¢74
1973
1972
1e7t

1679

1974
1973
197?
1971
1¢70

17 UNITS IN THOUS

S77

NO. OF CONTAINERS 27

TRADE ROUTE 10 US N ATL/MEDC INCLUDING BLACK SEA)

TOTAL US% COMMERCTAL US%

146.0 69.7
109.3 57.5
94.4 4Bat
77.0 63,0
7367 6546
A904 69.6
BAe 5268
5164 47 et
4745 5447
42.1 60.7
4.5 69.9
50.8 62.9
42.9 49.7
34.3 73.4
31.50 7148

131.3
100,14
78.66
63.1

63.4

67.7
56.6
47.8
4061

39.8

03.5
43.4
30.7
23.0
23.6

TONS IN LONG TONS

66.9
53.8
38.0
551

59.8

68.9
51.4
43.2
51.9

58.4

64.7
56.9
30.0
60.8
62.3

TOTAL

TOTAL ALL FLAGS 17

cuBIC FEET

us%

COMMERCIAL US%

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

236, 833.6
169, 615.3
139, 121.2

97,582.0

87446562

118,914.7
92, 830.4
Thy 203.4
51, 384.7

49,438.7

117, 918.8
76598449
64, 91768
46, 197.2
38, 026.4

(2, 2408S)

ZERO FIELD INDICATES A COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
OR A PERCENT .09% OR LESS}
TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.
2/ MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON=STAND SIZE CONT.
3/ LONGSHORE STRIKE

72.0
57.3
4665
65.8
71.5

217, 825.1
156, 396.5
117,406.8
80, 333.2

Thy 910.3

TOTAL INBOUND

71.0
52.4
Hoe
60.2
64.0

116,269.47
90537604
69470767
4B, 451.1

46979462

TOTAL OUTBOUND

72.9
63.3
4868
72.0
81.2

23

101,555.3
66,020.0
47,699.60
31,882.0

26,116.0

69.6
53.9
36.8
5865

66.7

70.4
51.2
40.9
57.8

61.9

68.6
57.6
30.8
3966

74.6

TOTAL

1,906.6
1438566
1,100.3

803,35

683.4

936.7
747.5
615.3
44865

368.1

969.9
658.1
485.0
35447

295.2

TONNAGE

ust

691
53.0
39.7
56.9

cars

68.5
GBB
41.5
Sit

59.4

69.7
57.8
3764
6462
71.0

COMMERCIAL US%

1479668
1316.3
988.9
Tiled

622.46

923.4
740.7
597.9
440.2

3ai.1

875.4
575.6
391.0
270.9
2y1.2

67.3
50.7
33,2
51.5

60.9

68.1
4B
39.8
50.1

58.6

66.5
53.5
23.4
53.8

64.5



ZEEE

TRADE ROUTE NO. 18
Atlantic and Gulf/India, Persian Gulf,
Red Sea, Pakistan and Burma

Container traffic on Trade Route No. 18 has always been

light. Less than six thousand containers moved on it in

1974. This was a dramatic increase from prior years, however,
when less than one thousand containers traveled this route.
Container imports were much larger than exports in 1974,
although in the liner trade as a whole, exports surpassed
imports by 138 percent.

The U.S. fleet carried a majority of the containers traveling
on this route in 1974.

53


TRADE ROUTE 24 US PAC/EAST COAST SOUTH AMERICA

TOTAL ALL FLAGS 1/
NO, OF CONTBINESS 27 cusic FEET
YEao TOTAL COMMFeCTAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTSOUND

1974 2.7 2.7 2,280.8 2,276.0
1673 2.3 2.3 2,093.4 2,087.68
1072 1.0 1.0 869.1 864.3

TOTAL INSOUND

1674 1,2 1.2 1,008.4 1,008.4
1973 9 “9 936.6 934.2
1072 we 3 293.9 293.9

TOTAL OUTBOUND

1674 145 145 1.27204 1,267.6
1973 to4 164 1,156.63 1,153.6
1972 Z 7 57542 57064

1/ UNITS IN THOUS TONS TN LONG TONS (2,240L8S)3
ZERO FIELN INDICATES A COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
BLANKS INDICATE ABSENCE OF DATAt
TOTALS TNCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

2/ MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON-STAND SIZE CONT.

3/ LONGSHNRE STRIKE

62

TOTAL

43.7
35.9

14.9

18.9

12.8

24.7
23.0
10.0

TONNAGE

COMMERCIAL

43.6
35.8

14.8

24.8
23.0
10.0


PART T

PART IL

PART TIT

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION 6.19. Sed Baa ewes, Gece BIR Spee, 8

CONTAINERIZED CARGO PROFILE ... .« soe
Table 1 - Containerized Cargo by U. $. “Coastal Districts.
Table 2 - Containerized Cargo by Selected U.S. Ports...
Table 3 - Percentage of Tonnage Carried by U.S. Flag Vessela
Through Selected U.S. Ports ...... ele oe. & fe
Table 4 - Containerized Cargo on Selected Trade Routes sae
Table 5 - Comparison of Containerized Cargo on Selected

Trade Routes Calendar Years 1973 - 1974, .......04684
TRADE ROUTES

Tobal ATT Bla ges) 10) as ded a ye ha ose eRe era OMe eS. e

Total ‘TiS, “Bl age. ie argc oi, ee BSL IS Eg Bias cen ie gud: ee SE

Trade Route No.
Trade Route No.
Trade Route No.
Trade Route No.
Trade Route No.
Trade Route No.
Trade Route No.
Trade Route No.
Trade Route No.
Trade Route No.
Trade Route No.
Trade Route No.
Trade Route No.
Trade Route No.
Trade Route No.
Trade Route No.

PAGE

NOW


ASIA

AUSTRALIA

CANADA

UNITED STATES

UNITED STATES ESSENTIAL
FOREIGN TRADE ROUTES

Trade Route

NO. 29

12
22

Between

U. S. PACIFIC PORTS

U. S. ATLANTIC PORTS
U. S. GULF PORTS

and

THE FAR EAST

SOUTH AMERICA



ee

TRADF ROUTE 17 US ATLyGULF & PAC/INDONES,MALAYS,SINGAPR
TOTAL UsS+ FLAG 1/
NO. OF CONTAINERS 27 cusIc FEET TONNAGE
YER? TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL
TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

1e74 10.6 10.0 10,786.7 10,280.8 141.3 134.3
1077 6.6 6.0 6,793.2 6,127.1 82.3 73.4
1072 1.5 1.5 1442601 1,424.6 - 11.3 11.3 _
1971 37 : 641.9 640.9 7.8 7.0
10°70 5 6 420.2 415.2 Set 5.0

TOTAL TNBOUND =
1974 74 Bau 3561667 3,61667 4865 48.5
1973 2.6 2.6 2,883.5 2,883.5 27.5 27.5
1072 1.2 1.2 1,116.8 1,116.1 Z - 742  ———
1971 37 23 300.6 300.6 2.5 265
erg ot ot 104.5 104.5 7

TOTAL OUTBOUND auaree =
1974 Tl 666 7,170.0 6166461 85.8
1973 or) 3.3 3,909.6 3, 2U3.6 54.8 4549
1072 3 3 309.2 308.4 Se eee, 7
te7t 7 : 4 341.5 340.3 ue ae
10°70 rs 315.7 310.7 4s 42

1/ UNITS IN THOU? TONS IN LONG TONS (2,240LBS
ZERO FIELD INDICATES A COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
BLANKS INDICATE ABSENCE OF DATAT
TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

2/ 4IXEO UNITS OF STAND & NON-STAND SIZE CONT.

77 LONGSHOPE STRIKE



TRADE ROUTE NO. 25
Pacific/West Coast South America,

Central America, Mexico, and Balboa

Except for the effects of a longshoreman strike

in 1971, container traffic on Trade Route No. 25

has been growing steadily since 1970. Between

1970 and 1974, growth averaged 43 percent annually.
Commercial container traffic in 1974 was 29 percent
higher than 1973. Container exports were 34 percent
greater than container imports, which was more
balanced than in previous years on this trade. The
greater portion of liner cargo traveling on this
route is still being moved in traditional break bulk
vessels. Only 11 percent of the liner traffic was
containerized in 1974.

The United States was the only flag carrying signif-
icant numbers of containers on this route. Defense
Department tonnage accounted for six percent of the
total container tonnage traveling in this trade in

1974.

65


Eee

Table 5
1/

Comparison of Containerized Cargo on Selected Trade Routes—
Calendar Years 1973 - 1974

Containers2/ Total Tons?!
Number Number
Percent Percent
Trade Route! 1973 1974 Increase 1973 1974 Increase
5-7-8=9 440 463 5 6,233 6,794 9
29 405 457 13 4,826 5,749 19
12 138 164 19 1,622 2,141 32
10 109 144 32 1,386 1,907 38
16 52 65 25 709 902 27
21 45 61 36 704 892 27
26 64 67 5 770 819 6
11 42 47 12 705 788 12
4 25 43 72 305 603 98
6 23 24 4 371 375 1
All Other 84 115 37 950 1,381 45
Total 1,431 1,650 15 18,626 22,351 20

/ All units are in thousands; tons are in long tons (2,240)
2/ Mixed units of standard and nonstandard size containers
3/ Includes military cargoes

4/ Trade routes selected on basis of total tons moved



Year

1ere
1975
1972
1671.

1679

1¢e7y
1673
1972
1971

170

4

ata

UNITS IN THOUS

NO. OF CONTPTNERS 27

TOTAL CCMMESCIAL
568 567
3 9
3 5
vu 73 os
-t a
369 3.9
at at
. 22
oy ? ce
a 0
148 1.8
+8 +8
“4 3
uv at ot
+o +0

TONS IN LONG TONS (2,260L8S)%
7ERO FIELN INDICATES & COUNT OF 99 OF LESS
BLANKS TNPICATE APSENCE OF DATAT
TOTALS INCL. COMMESCI OL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

?/ MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON-STAND SIZE CONT.

LONGSHORE STOTKE

TOTAL ALL FLAGS 1/7

TOTAL

TOTAL INBOUND

4730.0
910.0
514.7
426.3

9660

cusic FEET

COMMERCIAL
& OUTBOUND
4,705.2
910.0

502.3

TOTAL INBOUND

3,013.8
127.4
191.7
308.7

59.7

3,013.8
127.4
191.7
308.7

59.7

TOTAL OUTBOUND

1,716.1
782.6
523.0
11765

36.3

52

1,689.4
782.6
310.6

117.5

36.3

TRADE ROUTE 18 US ATL & GULF/IND»PAKySRLyRUR,PG,REU SyBANGL

TOTAL

41.6

10.9
5.0
2.1

3

TONNAGE

COMMERCIAL


TRADE ROUTE 22 US GULF/FAR EAST

TOTAL ALL FLAGS 1/

NO. OF CONTAINERS 2/ cuBIc FEET
YEA TOTAL, COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL
TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND
1976 20 2.9 3,970.1 3,824.3
1°73 665 663 8,602.9 8134567
167? 34? 3a 5.01343 4.96168
ie71 37 2.2 2.2 2,079.5 2,050.2
170 7 625.4 568.8
———— TOTAL INBOUND
1974 1.9 1.9 2,364.2 2,354.9
197% 466 5,919.0 5489365
197? 245 - . —— 4s091,0 _ +2065.6
1e7t 166 146 1556347 1,563.7
170 5 a5 4a1.2 46408
= = —— TOTAL OUTSOUND.

1974 tet, 1.0 1260629 1.W69.4
1973 168 147 2.68348 2545202
1672__ 6 922.3 Ba
emt 37 5 5 51547 48664
1970 at ak 144 a2 104.0

1/ UNITS TN THOUS TONS IN LONG TONS (2,240L8S)3__
ZE°Q FIELD INDICATES 4 COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
PLANKS INOICATE ABSENCE OF DATA?

TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.
_2¢ MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON-STAND SIZE CONT.
37 LONGSHORE STRIKE

58

TOTAL

36.4
63.9
25.3

16.5

20.1
3764
16.5

10.4

16.2
2664
9.0

bet

TONNAGE

COMMER CIAL

20.0
37.3
16.0

10.4


NO. OF CONTAINESS 27

TETAL ALL TRADE RCUTES
TOTAL UsSe FLAG 17
cusic FEET
TCTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUNC & CUTBCUND

vEoe veTAL COMERCIAL
1e7u 777A e703
1¢77 646.8 546.4
1672 £22.9 Satet
Le7t 27 WME6T 312.4
670 43,0 31408
1e7u 3724 26908
1073 322.2 310.3
1€72 24a.8
ert 27 202.5
1¢76 196.0
e746 4086 Atha
1¢73 324.4 236.0
1672 2628 14242
rem 227.0 109.2
1¢70 226.7 118.4
4) UNTTS TK THOUS TCKS Th LONG TCKS

7ERO FIELC INDICATES # COUNT OF
BLANKS INCICETE ABS
INCL. COMMER
2/ MIXED UNITS OF ST&NO 5

TOTALS

2/ LONGSHOSE STRIKE

ENCE CF DATAS
CIEL & CEFENSE CARGCES.
NON*STAND SIZE CONTs

1,19€,002.1
Perrseurr)
742,620.
622476101

bee, 212.4

1,033, 36646

0,267.2
56652145

422,238.58

416,526.42

TOTAL INBOUNC

606,163.62
EO 12142
$96, 09464
7G2 4 7ESAE

275 14hE eS

Seay 7560
GO? 942704
304, 38540
203,713.69

246 KOK

TCTAL QUTBOUND

587433865
445 969302
246,526 05
319,071.62

2105734068

(2, 240L8S)$

44860165
327483968
202.13042
152,521.65

170,17167

TOTAL

10,6161

7,806.8

5285243

5.07006

4497849

4450520
3,532.€

2s72147

2,256 04

by55be1
4y27E67
3412045
eyataet

2572064

TONNAGE

COMMEPCTAL

By 813.5
oy 72S07
4250205
3, 42808
$4 51867
ye FEZ
3,436.7
2,603,6
2, 08766

2, 087467

by W21eS
3,262.6
te 068s
1, 3ui,1

1,431.0



CONTAINERIZED
CARGO STATISTICS

Calendar Year 1974

oT OF
ei

&,

Nd
Srares of ©

sot * Bea,
°

Sy
Men. x

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
ELLIOT L. RICHARDSON, SECRETARY
Edward O. Vetter, Under Secretary
Maritime Administration

Robert J. Blackwell, Assistant Secretary
Maritime Affairs

August 1976

Price $2.00


TRADE ROUTE NO. 13
South Atlantic/Mediterranean, Black Sea,
Portugal, Southern Spain, Morocco, and the Azores

U.S.-flag ships carry virtually all the
containers moving on Trade Route No. 13.
On a percentage basis, containerized
traffic has been growing quite rapidly
since 1970. Between 1970 and 1974, the
growth rate averaged 65 percent annually.
Container movements on this trade remain
small, however. In 1974, only about seven
percent of the liner cargo on this route
was containerized.

33



TRADE ROUTE NO. 65
Pacific/Mediterranean and Black Sea,

Portugal, Southern Spain, Morocco, and the Azores

About 15 percent of the liner traffic on Trade

Route No. 65 traveled in containers in 1974.

The trade is not one of the most active, however,

so commercial container traffic only amounted

to 66,000 tons. Containerized tonnage decreased
slightly (2.5 percent) from 1973 levels, although

the number of containers moved on the route

increased. The trade was much less balanced than

in 1973, and imports surpassed exports by 353 percent.

No American operators were active on this route

in 1974. West German vessels carried over half

the containers in the trade, while Liberian, Italian
and Israeli freighters handled the rest.

75


TRADE ROUTE NO. 10
North Atlantic/Mediterranean and Black Sea,
Portugal and Southern Spain, Morocco and the Azores

United States flag vessels continued to improve their percentage
of the total commercial containerized cargo tonnage moved on
this trade route. Their share rose from 51 percent in 1973 to
67 percent in 1974. Commercial containerized eargo for all
flags increased 37 percent while the total amount of container-
ized commercial cargo tonnage carried by U.S. flag vessels
increased 82 percent. More markedly, the 1974 U.S.-flag
commercial tonnage figure has increased 269 percent since

1972. American Export Lines, Sea-Land Inc. and Prudential
Lines were the only U.S.-flag operators showing movement of
containerized cargo on this trade route during 1974.

Alcholic beverages, preserved vegetables, and tobacco were
among the major commodities inbound on this trade route in
containers. Major exports that are containerizable include
pulps and waster paper, animal oils and fats, waste from textile
fabrics, and iron and steel plates, sheets and scrap. ‘The

container trade was well balanced between imports and exports.



For further information about the transportation
of cargo in containers in the waterborne foreign
commerce of the United States, please contact:

Mr. Alvin Jurist, Director
Office of Subsidy Administration
Maritime Administration
U.S. Department of Commerce
14th and E Street., NW.
Washington, DC 20230
(202) 377-2611



a i era a

In the following section only the statistics

for total container traffic on each trade

route are presented. Fewer than three U.S.
operators were active on these routes in

1974, and thus information concerning U.S.-

flag container traffic is.considered proprietary

and cannot be published.

45


TRADE ROUTE NO. 12
Atlantic/Far East

Trade Route No. 12 is one of the largest U.S. trade routes,
and more than half of the commercial liner cargo on this
route is containerized.

The growth of containerized commercial cargo movement in

this trade during 1974 was 33 percent over 1973. This was
far below the average compounded rate of growth of 95 percent
for the period from 1970 through 1973.

Japanese flag vessels surpassed U.S.-flag vessels in total
commercial tons carried with 37 percent of the total, while
U.S.-flag vessels carried 32 percent. Even though the percent
of U.S.-flag participation decreased, the amount of commercial
cargo carried by U.S.-flag vessels increased by over 125,000
long tons or 23 percent.

Specific commodities which were carried in containers on Trade
Route No. 12 include imports of nails, screws and bolts,
clothing, preserved vegetables and iron or steel wire, and
exports of plastics, paper products, and iron or steel plates
and sheets. The container trade is fairly evenly balanced,
although import levels have generally been higher than exports

on this route.



UNITED STATES

SOUTH AMERICA

UNITED STATES ESSENTIAL
FOREIGN TRADE ROUTES

Trade Route Gelween
NO. 7 U.S.ATLANTIG, GULF AND
PACIFIG PORTS

ond

INDONESIA-MALAYA

euROPE

AFRICA





TRADE ROUTE 10 US N ATL/MED( INCLUDING BLACK SEA)
TOTAL U.S. FLAG 1/
NO. OF CONTAINERS 27 cusiIc FEET TONNAGE
YEAR TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

1°74 100.3 87.8 174540763 151557942 1,317.8 1,211.2
1673 62.8 53.8 97,3656 Buy 25166 733.8 667.0
1672 ros 29.8 64 623.4 43,195.63 43666 328.4
1971 37 48.5 3468 64,173.2 46) 99469 456.9 366.3
1970 ua? 3749 62449765 49) 94266 44062 37901

TOTAL INBOUND _

1974 4A.S 46.6 B41 43465 61, 88748 64164 628.6
1977 30.8 29.0 48,63861 46,242.04 365.0 35867
1972 2u.2 20.6 32,974e1 28,48242 255.4 238,0 |
171 37 23.3 20.8 30,932.8 27,999e1 228.9 220.7
1670 25.5 23.2 31,620.43 28,975.8 230.4 223.4

TOTAL OUTBOUND
1074 52.0 tet 85597248 63,691.3 676-35 582.5
1973 32.0 26.7 48572765 38,009. 368.8 308.2 ;
1672 att 9.2 _ 31,649.2 “16,713.61 1et.2 90.3
1971 3/ 25.4 13.9 33, 24064 18, 995.7 227.9 145.6
i970 22.6 14.7 30587762 20, 966.8 209.7 155.6 ‘

1/ UNITS IN THOU? TONS IN LONG TONS (2,240L8S)3
ZERO FIELD INDICATES A COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
BLANKS INOTCATE ABSENCE OF DATAS
TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

+27 MIXEO UNITS OF STAND & NON=STANO SIZE CONTs

3/ LONGSHORE STRIKE

ak



Table 3

Percentage of Containerized Tonnage Carried by U.S. Flag Vessels
Through Selected U.S. Ports

U.S. Port Percent U.S. Port Percent
New York 53. Oakland 64
Los Angeles 29 Seattle 51
Norfolk 44 San Francisco 52
Baltimore 37 Long Beach 34

8


TRADE ROUTE 23 US PAC/CARIBBEAN,EAST COAST

TOTAL ALL FLAGS 1/

NO. OF CONTAINERS 27

Yeao TOTAL CCMMERCIAL TOTAL

cuBIC FEET

COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

1574 +4 4 338.6
tort ° 7 60565
1977 ? Wz 230.5
e713 +0 0 381
1679 ) wo 42,5

TOTAL INSOUND

1974 + 0 20,2
1¢e7? ov) ow 15.0
1672 oo a) 1het

TOTAL OUTBOUND

1974 7 33 31864
167% 7 7 651.5
1672 2 +2 21664
1971 7 0 0 3Bet
1979 0 wc 42.5

1/ UNITS IN THOUS TONS IN LONG TONS (2, 240L8S)3
ZE®0 FIELD INDTCATES 8 COUNT OF 99 08 LESS
PLANKS TNOTCATE ABSENCE OF DATA:

TATALS INCL. COMMERCIAL § DEFFNSE CARGOES.

2/ MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON-STAND SI7E CONT.

3/ LONGSHORE STRIKE

60

338.6
664.1
228.1

38.4

42.5

20.2
15.0

tyst

318.4
649.1
214.0

38.1

42.5

MEXICO

TOTAL

6.2
1167
3.3

“4

TONNAGE

COMMERCIAL

6.2
166
3.2
4
3

5.9

11.5

4

3


TRADE ROUTE 81 US ATL/ATLANTIC CANADA

NO. OF CONTAINESS 27

Year TOTAL COMMERCIAL
1e7y 1.0 1.0
1973 23 33
1672 a at
1c71 37 a) a)
1674 0 20
1e735 2 e
1972 at “a
1971 37 a 20
1¢74 1 1.0
1973 at at
1°77 a) a)

1

ay
y

UNITS IN THOU TONS IN LONG TONS (2,240L8S)3
7F20 FIELD INMICATES 4 COUNT OF 99 OR LESS

BLANKS INNTCATE ABSENCE OF DATA

TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL § DEFENSE CARGOES.

MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON@STAND SIZE CONT.
LONGSHOPE STRIKE

TOTAL ALL FLAGS 17°
cuBIC FEET

TOTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

1,576.0 1,563.5
44506 445.6
239.0 239.0

56.6 56.6

TOTAL INBOUND

137.2 104.8
332.2 332.2
196.0 196.0

56.6 56.6

TOTAL OUTBOUND

1,438.7 1,438.7
113.4 113.4
43.0 43.0

76

TOTAL

21.7

48

2.5

16.9
1.5

TONNAGE
COMMERCIAL

21.6
468
2.3

+6

16.9
1.3

35


TRADE ROUTE O1 US ATL/EAST COAST SOUTH AMERICA
TOTAL ALL FLAGS 1/
NO. OF CONTAINERS 2/ cuaIc FEET TONNAGE
YEAR TOTAL COMMERCIAL TOTAL COMMEeCIAL TOTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTSOUNO

1e7y 15.6 15.5 23,77543 23569644 154.0 1535.4
1073 249 969 14407166 14406722 86.0 86.0
1672 4.9 469 15,926.14 15,899.3 41.5 alee
1671 37 3.3 3,3 4y75808 4475868 2865 28.5
170 343 3.3 4137868 4,360.2 28.0 2769

TOTAL INBOUND

167% 7.2 Tet 10,284,0 10,205.9 etet 60.5
1973 ue 4.6 5,837.9 5183769 33.7 33.7
1972 2.7 2a7 7s713,3 7271345 21.8 21.8
fe71 3 148 1.8 2452502 2452542 15.5 15.3
1¢70 1.0 1.6 1595465 1,947.3 12.9 12.8

TOTAL OUTBOUND

1074 Re Be 13,491.53 13549064 92.9 9269
1973 5.3 563 8423347 8,229.3 52.3 52.2
197? 2.2 2.2 S 8521247 8.18529 19.7 19.5
171 7 165 1.5 2523365 2,233.5 13,2 13.2
1¢70 1.6 1.6 2,426,3 2441268 15.4 15.0

1/ UNTTS TN THOU? TONS Ih LONG TONS (2,240L85)3
ZERO FIELO INDICATES & COUNT OF 99 OR LESS
FLANKS INDICATE ABSENCE OF OATAt
TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

2/ MIXED UNITS OF STAND § NON-STAND SIZE CONT

3/ LONGSHORE STRIKE

Pa


TPADF ROUTE 06 US N ATL/SCAND & BALTICyNFLO,GRNLOyICLD

NO. OF CONTAINERS 27

yeaa TOTAL COMMERCIAL
t¢74 2u.t 22.5
973 23,2 23,2
1972 18.9 18.9
1971 37 19.1 17.4
1e7n 18.5 18.3
1e7y 12.4 12.3
197% 12.7 12.7
1672 tet 11.0 _
1¢71 37 Pro Feu
1670 9.0 9.0
1e7% 11.7 10.1
19773 10.5 10.5
1¢72 7.8 7k
1971 37 RaT7 8.0
1¢70 9.5 9.7

1/ UNITS IN THOU? TONS IN LONG TONS (?,240LBS) $
Z=20 FIELD INDICATES 4 COUNT OF 99 OF LESS
ALANKS INDICATE ABSENCE OF DATAT
TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.

2/ MIXEO UNTTS OF STAND & NON-STAND SIZE CONT.

37 LONGSHNRE STRIKE

TOTAL ALL_FLAGS 17
cusIc FEET
TOTAL COMMERCIAL

TOTAL INSOUND & OUTBOUND

36,820.3 34,295.66
374715—1 37471564
33542746 33, 341.3
29,268.63 27483349
30,3028 29,920.3

TOTAL INBOUND

18,7100 18,695.1
20,671.43 20,671.45
20,844.35 20,.800.0
15525604 15425604
14,92268 14,922.48

TOTAL OUTBOUND

1g,110,3 15, 600.4
17504367 17,043.7
12,583.2 12454162
16,011.69 12457765
15,380.09 14,9975

TOTAL

375.1
371.5
289.9
272.7

265.7

194.6
206.5
17504
143,10

130.2

180.5
165.0
114.4
129.6

135.4

TONNAGE
COMMERCIAL

349.5
374.5
28868
259.5

262.7

19464
206.5
17467
143.2

130.2

155.1
165.0
114.0
11664
132.5



Part ITT
TOTAL ALL FLAGS 1/
ND. OF CONTAINERS 2/ CUBIC FEET TONNAGE
YEAR TOTAL! US®% COMMERCIAL US% TOTAL US COMMERCIAL US® TOTAL = -US® COMMERCTAL US®

TOTAL INBOUND & OUTBOUND

19746 19650,0 4741 1452543 46,0 29576012947 46.4 243840936,6 43,3 22435143 45.0 209A18.8 42,3
1973, 1,431.5 45.2 1,326.7 41,2 2,162,879.3 43.9 2,017,544.9 40.2 18+625.6 4149 179687,2 3R,5
1972 19090,5 48.0 956.1 40.9 1,668,461.5 44.5 1,488,983.3 38,0 13,453.4 43.5 12,076.8 37.3
1971 3/ 83943 53.6 698434447 14156439267 53.69 —9494202,1 44,5 10+032.6 50.5 By345,9 41.2
1970 800.3 54.9 674.8 46,6 14027169045 5720 —-8564553.4 48.6 9+183.3 54.2 7470347 45,7

TOTAL INBOUND

1974 819.9 45.6 — BOZ49 46,8 14311415744 4644 142804264.3 45,7 10937766 4344 104190.0 43,0
1973 733.2 43.9 720.8 43.0 19141970069 44.1 14120933004 43,1 AyROS.A 40.1 8+704,8 39,5
1972 5BA,0 45,8 567.4 43,9 908+745.5 43.6 876y463,8 41,6 6+R16,5 40,1 6+684,6 39,0
1971 3/ 435.3 S2al 415.7 48.8 5969169.5 50.8 561476143 48,0 4eA1B.3 46.8 45655.3 45.1
1970 416.5 51,2 399.2 4941 524+796.8 52.5  495+705.9 49,7 49437.6 50.7 4927566 48,8

TOTAL OUTBOUND

1974 830-1 $8.8 = T2243 4341 19264497243 4645 14104+672,1 40,6 114973.7 46.4 100628. 41,7
1973 698.3 46.5 605.8 39.0 1,021,178.4 43.7  897,214.5 36.5 9+A19,R 4366 8+782,3 37.5
1972 502.4 50.5 388.6 3646 759,643.1 45.6  612,446.5 33.0 6,635.9 47.0 5,391.4 35.2
1971 3/ 403.6 56.3 282.6 38.7 560s22341 S7+1 — 3874440,7 39,4 5+714,3 54.0 3+690.5 36,3
1970 383.7 58.8 275.6 43.0 502+861.4 6148 360+847,5 47,1 45745.4 57.5 39428,2 41,7

1/ UNITS IN THOUS TONS IN LONG TONS (29240LBS)¢
ZERO FIELD INDICATES A COUNT OF 99 Of LESS
OR A PERCENT ,09% OR LESS?

TOTALS INCL. COMMERCIAL & DEFENSE CARGOES.
| 2/ MIXED UNITS OF STAND & NON=STAND SIZE CONT.

3/ LONSSHORE STRIKE