Corrections to Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Number 27: 

Page 69. Polysiphonia beaudettei. First entry should be spelled the same as 

the centered heading. 

Page 142. Delete van den Hoek from the authorship of van den Hoek, 

Vannajan, and Trono, then transfer the two references to page 153, 

preceding Velasquez. 

Page 157. Change explanation of Index to read: 

(Primary entries in roman, synonyms and names mentioned 

incidentally in italic.) 
SMITHSONIA N CONTRIBUTION S T O TH E MARIN E SCIENCE S • NUMBE R 27 

Catalog of the Benthic Marine Algae 

of the Philippines 

Paul C. Silva, 

Ernani G. Menez, 

and Richard L. Moe 

ISSUED 

DEC 0 1 1987 

•SOMAN INST'ljTi. 

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS 

Washington, D.C. 

1987 
ABSTRAC T 

Silva, Paul C, Ernani G. Menez, and Richard L. Moe. Catalog of the Benthic 

Marine Algae of the Philippines. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences, 

number 27, 179 pages, 2 figures, 1987.—All published records of benthic marine 

algae from the Philippines are assembled in a catalog with the taxa arranged according 

to an assumed phylogenetic scheme to the rank of family. The taxonomic framework 

takes into consideration recently published opinions. Each taxonomic synonym is 

accompanied by a citation of the author who first proposed the synonymy. Additional 

taxonomic and nomenclatural notes are provided where deemed useful. Type localities are indicated for all accepted names and taxonomic synonyms. 

Cyanophyceae (blue-green algae) comprise 19 genera with 61 species. They are 

arranged according to the Geitlerian system, accompanied by a reconciliation with 

the Drouetian system. Their nomenclature is based on a 1753 Linnaean starting 

point rather than the later starting points specified by the International Code of 

Botanical Nomenclature. 

Rhodophyceae (red algae) comprise 130 genera with 506 specific or infraspecific 

taxa, of which 35 have Philippine type localities. 

Phaeophyceae (brown algae) comprise 23 genera with 154 species or infraspecific 

taxa, of which 27 have Philippine type localities. 

Chlorophyceae (green algae) comprise 37 genera with 251 species or infraspecific 

taxa, of which 20 have Philippine type localities. 

Portieria Zanardini 1851 is adopted in place of Chondrococcus Kutzing 1847, 

Eupogodon Kutzing 1845 in place of Dasyopsis (Montagne) Montagne 1847, and 

Hincksia J.E. Gray 1864 in place of Giffordia Batters 1893. In addition, new binomials 

are proposed in Gelidium, Halymenia, Callophyllis, Sporolithon, Gracilaria, Ceramium, 

Polysiphonia, and Hormophysa. 

The catalog is preceded by a brief history of Philippine phycology. 

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the 

Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIES COVER DESIGN: Seascape along the Atlantic coast of 

eastern North America. 

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data 

Silva, Paul C. 

Catalog of the benthic marine algae of the Philippines. 

(Smithsonian contributions to the marine sciences ; no. 27) 

Bibliography: p. 

Includes index. 

Supt. of Docs, no.: SI 1.41:27 

1. Marine algae—Philippines—Bibliography. 2. Benthos—Philippines—Bibliography. I. Menez, Ernani 

G. II. Moe, Richard Lee. III. Title. IV. Series. Z5356.A6S54 1987 016.589392'571 87-

600124 [QK575.P6] 
Contents 

Introduction 1 

Acknowledgments 1 

History of Philippine Phycology 2 

Scope of Catalog 2 

Format of Catalog 5 

Catalog 7 

Cyanophyceae 7 

Reconciliation with the Drouetian System 15 

Rhodophyceae 17 

Phaeophyceae 73 

Chlorophyceae 91 

Records Determined Only to Genus 123 

Nomenclatural Notes (by Paul C. Silva) 127 

Literature Cited 132 

Index 157 

in 
We dedicate this work to Dr. Gregorio T. Velasquez, Professor Emeritus, 

University of the Philippines, devoted champion of phycology and phycologists in 

the Philippines. 

iv 
Catalog of the Benthic Marine Algae 

of the Philippines 

Paul C. Silva, Ernani G. Menez, 

and Richard L. Moe 

Introduction 

During May-June 1978 and April-May 1979, Ernani G. 

Mefiez participated in the Smithsonian Institution Philippines Expedition (SIPHILEXP), which was officially based 

at the Silliman University Marine Laboratory in Dumaguete 

City, Negros Island. The primary objective was to collect 

marine organisms from the Central Visayas for studies on 

taxonomy and distribution. A large collection of benthic 

marine algae was obtained and subsequently studied. 

In preparation for SIPHILEXP, Mefiez initiated a compilation of the species of benthic marine algae reported 

from the Philippines and a list of references pertaining to 

them. Because of the existence of unique phycological resources in the Herbarium of the University of California at 

Berkeley, specifically the Index Nominum Algarum and the 

Bibliographia Phycologica Universalis (both in the form of 

card files compiled and maintained by Paul C. Silva), he 

took his preliminary draft there for checking. The utility of 

collaboration was perceived and an arrangement was made 

whereby Mefiez would be responsible for the citations of 

species while Silva would be responsible for providing the 

taxonomic framework and correct nomenclature. In the 

five years that have passed since the cooperative effort was 

begun, the number of publications dealing with Philippine 

seaweeds has increased markedly, and both Mefiez and Silva 

have been involved in keeping pace with the output. In the 

summer of 1984, Richard L. Moe was asked to join the 

project, in view of his competency in word-processing and 

broad phycological experience. 

The purpose of this catalog is to integrate published 

information on the taxonomy and distribution of Philippine 

benthic marine algae and thus provide a foundation for 

Paul C. Silva, Herbarium, Department of Botany, University of California, 

Berkeley, California 94720. Ernani G. Menez, Smithsonian Oceanographic 

Sorting Center, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560. Richard L. 

Moe, Herbarium, Department of Botany, University of California, Berkeley, 

California 94720. 

future exploration and research. Rather than make an 

uncritical compilation of records (such as Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975), we decided to incorporate as much information as was pertinent to understanding the taxonomic 

structure and nomenclature adopted in this catalog. The 

continued relevance of this information obviously depends 

upon the reliability of the determinations that underlie the 

published records. Considering that very little critical work 

has been done on Philippine marine algae, it is reasonable 

to assume that a certain portion of the incorporated information will eventually prove irrelevant. Nonetheless, we 

believe that this catalog will facilitate and perhaps stimulate 

future work by pointing out geographic and taxonomic 

areas most in need of attention. Unlike publications that 

are intended to endure like monoliths, this catalog is intended to become obsolete, with the rate of obsolescence 

an index of the progress in Philippine phycology. Because 

tens of thousands of data are incorporated in this catalog, 

the possibility of making errors is great, but we hope that 

we have initiated far fewer than we have encountered in 

the literature and corrected. 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.—For assistance in obtaining copies 

of pertinent literature, we are especially grateful to Ms. 

Hilconida Calumpong, Silliman University Marine Laboratory, Dumaguete City, Dr. Paciente A. Cordero, Junior, 

Division of Botany, Philippine National Museum, Manila, 

Mrs. Edna T. Fortes-Ganzon, Marine Science Institute, 

University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Mr. Lawrence 

M. Liao, Department of Biology, University of San Carlos, 

Cebu City, and Dr. Milagrosa R. Martinez, University of 

the Philippines at Los Bafios. We are indebted to Dr. 

Thomas O. Duncan, Director of the Herbarium of the 

University of California at Berkeley, for his efforts in obtaining a computer system for the Herbarium and for 

encouraging us to use it in preparing the electronic manuscript of this catalog. 
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

History of Philippine Phycology 

Detailed accounts of the history of Philippine phycology 

have been provided by Velasquez (1962b; 1985) and Cordero (1972; 1977a), but it seems useful to review its most 

salient features, especially with regard to marine algae. 

Unlike many areas that were explored biologically by colonial powers in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth 

centuries, the Philippines were not so favored by Spain, and 

the earliest information on its plants and their uses came 

from resident Augustinian monks (M. Blanco, 1837). Unfortunately, there are no extant specimens to document this 

work. In October 1836, Hugh Cuming, an English naturalist especially interested in conchology, arrived at Manila to 

begin three years of exploration that would take him to 

nearly every large island in the archipelago (Merrill, 1926). 

He made a small but important collection of marine algae, 

which was reported on by Montagne (1844a) and also served 

as the basis of Galaxaura fastigiata and Liagora caenomyce, 

both described by Decaisne (1842). 

During the last half of the nineteenth century, four 

expeditions returned to Europe with varying amounts of 

Philippine algae. The Preussische Expedition nach Ost-Asien 

contributed collections made at Manila and Zamboanga in 

1861 by its zoologist, Eduard von Martens; these collections 

were the subject of a publication by Eduard's father, Georg 

von Martens (1868). In 1874-1875, H.N. Moseley, the 

naturalist of the Challenger Expedition, collected algae at 

the Gigantes Islands (Iloilo), Mactan I. (Cebu), and Zamboanga, which were recorded by Dickie (1874a, 1876a, 

1876b, 1877). Cesare Marcacci, lieutenant on board the 

Vettor Pisani, collected algae at Ticao Island (Masbate) and 

Cavite during the circumnavigation of that ship in 1884. 

They were published on by Piccone (1886, 1889). The most 

important expedition, by far, was the Siboga Expedition to 

the Indonesian region, which made extensive collections in 

1899 in the Sulu Archipelago. These collections contributed significantly to monographs of Halimeda (Barton, 

1901), the Codiaceae (Gepp and Gepp, 1911), and the 

Corallinaceae (Foslie, 1904; Weber-van Bosse, 1904b). The 

entire phycological harvest of the expedition was treated by 

Weber-van Bosse (1913a, 1921, 1923, 1928). 

In the Commonwealth period, Elmer Drew Merrill was 

impartial in his messianic pursuit of Philippine botany during 20 years of service to the Bureau of Agriculture, the 

Bureau of Forestry, the Bureau of Science, and the University of the Philippines (Quisumbing, 1957). Although primarily interested in vascular plants, he caused the Bureau 

of Science to assemble a large collection of algae. These 

were sent for study in 1911-1913 to M.A. Howe at the 

New York Botanical Garden and to W.A. Setchell at the 

University of California at Berkeley. No systematic study 

was made of these specimens at that time, but in 1951 the 

Chlorophyceae and Phaeophyceae at Berkeley were loaned 

to W.R. Taylor of the University of Michigan, who ultimately published on them (Taylor, 1966b). The all-important University of Michigan connection was established in 

1935-1936, when H.H. Bartlett, Chairman of its Department of Botany, was an exchange professor at the University 

of the Philippines (Voss, 1961). A man of wide interests and 

great energy, he made massive collections of plants, including many algae, throughout the archipelago. These were 

sent to Ann Arbor, where the algae were studied by Taylor 

and his students. Bartlett returned to the Philippines under 

the auspices of the United States Department of Agriculture 

in 1940-1941, making further collections of algae in Mindanao. His collections have been cited in numerous papers, 

including Chou (1945, 1947) on Galaxaura, Gilbert (1942, 

1943, 1947) on Chlorophyceae, Taylor (1964, 1966b) on 

Chlorophyceae and Phaeophyceae, and Tseng and Gilbert 

(1942) on Codium. 

In the period of the Republic, Philippine phycology has 

come to share the dramatic surge of interest and activity in 

the science that initially was centered in the industrial 

nations. The leader and catalyst has been Gregorio T. 

Velasquez, Professor Emeritus of Botany, University of the 

Philippines, who received his doctorate at the University of 

Michigan in 1939, working on the viability of algae obtained 

from the digestive tract of a fresh-water fish. Although 

primarily interested in Cyanophyceae, Velasquez has had a 

profound influence on all aspects of Philippine phycology. 

The productivity of his academic offspring has created an 

urgent need for this catalog. 

Awareness of benthic marine algae in the Philippines has 

been greatly heightened by the successful efforts to grow 

certain of them commercially (Eucheuma, Gracilaria, and 

Caulerpa). Not only has the welfare of many coastal communities been improved, but the nation as a whole has 

benefited from increased exports. Most phycological publications in the past two decades have been floristic, and 

critical taxonomic studies must now be given high priority. 

It is essential that the rapidly accumulating information on 

algal ecology, physiology, and biochemistry, much of which 

is of potential economic importance, be attached to correct 

names. 

Scope of Catalog 

To avoid the difficulty of having to assess each paper for 

its worthiness of inclusion, we have been comprehensive 

rather than selective, citing every reference to Philippine 

benthic marine algae that we could find, regardless of 

information content. Publications dealing with biochemical, 

physiological, ecological, and economic features supplement 

the basic core of taxonomic and morphological literature. 

Previous compilations were included. Twenty species that 

were erroneously cited by Velasquez, Trono, and Doty 

(1975) have been omitted from this catalog. Most of these 

erroneous records were taken from various reports of the 
NUMBER 27 

BATAN, 

. BABUYAN 

o 0 

- 20 

SOUTH CHINA 

SEA 

PHILIPPINE 

SEA 

^CATANDUANE S 

16 

9 ,V 

. V a 

> • CELEBES SEA 

.0 

120 124 

FIGURE 1.—Map of the Philippines showing major islands. 
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

O 

7\0=> 

7 2 ^ 

eo 

20 

16 

12 

120 124 

FIGURE 2.—Map of the Philippines with the provinces designated by number. See Table 1 for a key to the 

numbers. (Redrawn from Vreeland et al., (second edition) 1976:25, fig. 4.) 
NUMBER 27 

Siboga Expedition and based on collections from the Talud 

Islands and Kawio Islands, both groups belonging to Indonesia. Species were also erroneously included on the basis 

of collections from Borneo, Java, and Mangaia (Cook Islands). 

The following is a list of species excluded from this catalog: 

Cyanophyceae 

Oscillatoria brevis Kutzing 

Rhodophyceae 

Cheilosporum spectabile Harvey 

Coriophyllum setchellii Weber-van Bosse 

Cruoriella lemoineae Weber-van Bosse 

Eucheuma dichotomum Weber-van Bosse 

Galaxaura sibogae Weber-van Bosse 

Gelidium anthoninii Lamouroux ex C. Agardh 

Herposiphonia prorepens (Harvey) Schmitz 

Laurencia pinnatifida (Hudson) Lamouroux 

Liagora pulverulenta C. Agardh 

Mastophora macrocarpa Montagne 

Nitophyllum tongatense Grunow 

Polycoelia vanhoevelii Weber-van Bosse 

Polysiphonia pentamera Hollenberg 

Phaeophyceae 

Sphacelaria pulvinata J. Hooker and Harvey 

Chlorophyceae 

Boodlea vanbosseae Reinbold 

Chaetomorpha clavata (C. Agardh) Kutzing 

Cladophora aegagropila [error in citation for Cladophora (Aegagropila) 

sibogae Reinbold] 

Microdictyon umbilicatum (Velley) Setchell 

Microdictyon vanbosseae Setchell 

Special problems relating to the compilation of records 

of Cyanophyceae are discussed in the introduction to that 

group. Brackish-water records from lagoons, canals, and 

swamps connecting with the sea or adjacent to it were 

included for all groups. 

Format of Catalog 

The sequence of taxa follows an assumed phylogenetic 

scheme to the rank of family. Genera within a family are 

listed alphabetically, as are species within a genus. Appended to the catalog is a list of citations of undescribed or 

undetermined species, assigned only to genus. An attempt 

was made to include in this list only those citations that are 

accompanied by at least some description or collection data. 

In the process of constructing the taxonomic framework 

of this catalog, the need for various nomenclatural changes 

arose. Documentation for these changes is given in an 

appendix to avoid disruption of the catalog. 

For each accepted name, synonym, and basionym at the 

rank of species or below, the author and the place of valid 

publication are given, followed by a chronological list of 

references to Philippine records under that name. The type 

locality of each basionym is indicated. When the location of 

the holotype or lectotype specimen is given (as in the reconciliation of the Geitlerian and Drouetian classifications of 

Cyanophyceae), the herbarium is indicated by the code 

prescribed by the Index Herbariorum (Holmgren et al., 

1981). If the original publication of a name includes a 

Philippine record, an appropriate annotation is added unless 

the name has a Philippine type, in which case the name is 

preceded by an asterisk (*). 

Nomenclatural synonyms are listed before taxonomic 

synonyms. The authority for taxonomic synonymy is given 

in an accompanying note. This innovative feature enables 

the user to consult and assess a taxonomic opinion as originally proposed. 

Unusual nomenclatural situations are also explained in 

accompanying notes. A particularly troublesome and frequently encountered situation arises when the intended 

basionym of a binomial is shown to be a later homonym. 

Because, according to Article 45.3 of the International 

Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN; Voss et al., 1983), 

only legitimate names are taken into consideration for purposes of priority, a later homonym (which is illegitimate 

according to Article 64.1 of the ICBN) cannot serve as a 

basionym and its author should not be placed in parentheses. The first transfer of the basionym to a different 

genus, however, results in a binomial that is treated as a 

nomen novum in accordance with Article 72, Note 1. The 

TABLE 1.—List of Philippine provinces with numerical designation. 

No. Province 

1 Batanes 

2 Ilocos 

Norte 

3 Cagayan 

4 A bra 

5 Kalinga-Apayao 

6 Ilocos Sur 

7 Mountain 

8 Isabela 

9 Ifugao 

10 La Union 

1 1 Benguet 

12 Nueva Vizcaya 

13 Quirino 

14 Pangasinan 

15 Nueva Ecija 

16 Quezon 

17 Zambales 

18 Tarlac 

19 Pampanga 

20 Bulacan 

21 Bataan 

22 Rizal 

23 Cavite 

24 Laguna 

25 Camarines Norte 

26 Batangas 

27 Camarines Sur 

28 Catanduanes 

29 Occidental Mindoro 

30 Oriental Mindoro 

31 Marinduque 

32 Albay 

33 Romblon 

34 Sorsogon 

35 Masbate 

36 Northern Samar 

No. 

37 

38 

39 

40 

41 

42 

43 

44 

45 

46 

47 

48 

49 

50 

51 

52 

53 

54 

55 

56 

57 

58 

59 

60 

61 

62 

63 

64 

65 

66 

67 

68 

69 

70 

71 

72 

Province 

Aklan 

Samar 

Eastern Samar 

Capiz 

Antique 

Iloilo 

Leyte 

Cebu 

Southern Leyte 

Negros Occidental 

Bohol 

Surigao del Norte 

Palawan 

Negros Oriental 

Siquijor 

Agusan del Norte 

Camiguin 

Surigao del Sur 

Misamis Oriental 

Zamboanga del Norte 

Misamis Occidental 

Bukidnon 

Agusan del Sur 

Zamboanga del Sur 

Lanao del Norte 

Lanao del Sur 

Davao 

Davao Oriental 

Maguindanao 

North Cotabato 

Basilan 

Sultan Kudarat 

Davao del Sur 

South Cotabato 

Sulu 

Tawitawi 
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

nomen novum serves as the basionym (unless it too is a later 

homonym). Gracilaria lichenoides, for example, is usually 

attributed to (Turner) Greville, but Fucus lichenoides 

Turner, the intended basionym, is a later homonym, and 

hence not priorable. The first generic placement outside 

Fucus was to Gigartina by Lamouroux. Gigartina lichenoides 

Lamouroux thus is treated as a nomen novum and serves 

as the basionym of Sphaerococcus lichenoides and Gracilaria 

lichenoides. 

Geographic distribution is indicated primarily by island 

or island group (Figure 1), secondarily by province within 

the island or island group (Figure 2). The islands or island 

groups are listed in four successive northwest-southeast 

sweeps, thus: BATANES, LUZON, CATANDUANES; MINDORO, 

MARINDUQUE, ROMBLON, MASBATE, SAMAR, LEYTE; PANAY, 

GUIMARAS, NEGROS, CEBU, SIQUIJOR, BOHOL, CAMIGUIN, MINDANAO, BASILAN; PALAWAN, SULU. Within Luzon, the provinces are listed from north to south, first on the west coast 

(from Cagayan to Batangas), then on the east coast (from 

Isabela to Sorsogon). When appropriate, certain minor islands (arbitrarily limited to those labeled on United States 

Hydrographic Office Chart 14,200) are indicated parenthetically within provinces. 

Cordero (1977a) has classified the Philippine Archipelago 

into four marine floristic regions, namely, the South China 

Sea region (Batanes, northwestern Luzon, and Mindoro), 

the Pacific Ocean region (northeastern Luzon, Marinduque, 

and Romblon), the Sulu Sea-Celebes Sea region (Palawan, 

Sulu Archipelago, Basilan, and the southern tip of Zamboanga del Sur), and the inland water region (all Visayan 

provinces and most of Mindanao). While we appreciate this 

attempt to bring phytogeographical order to the physiographic chaos presented by the 7,100 islands of the Philippine Archipelago, we believe that the purposes of this 

catalog are better served by an essentially linear sequence 

of localities. This sequence obviates the complication of 

listing Luzon in three regions and Mindanao in two regions. 

(In fact, the east coast of Mindanao, not specified by Cordero, should be included in the Pacific Ocean region, giving 

a total of three regions for that island.) It also avoids the 

arbitrary placement of Cagayan Province in the Pacific 

Ocean region. (The Babuyan Islands, which are politically 

part of Cagayan Province, are influenced equally by the 

South China Sea and the Pacific Ocean, as are the Batan 

Islands, which Cordero places in the South China Sea region.) 
Catalog 

Class CYANOPHYCEAE 

Blue-green algae stand at a conspicuous distance from 

red, brown, and green seaweeds, both taxonomically and 

ecologically. Nonetheless, because they frequently are encountered by marine phycologists and preserved as herbarium specimens, they are included in this catalog. Most 

marine floristic accounts omit them, reflecting either insufficient interest on the part of the author or a desire to avoid 

numerous uncertainties peculiar to the group. When dealing with organisms that are tolerant over extremely broad 

physico-chemical ranges, a collector should document each 

collection with adequate data—including salinity or pH 

(whichever is appropriate) and temperature. Most herbarium specimens of blue-green algae are accompanied by 

meager ecological information, if any, and such indications 

as 'along Narvacan Beach" are ambiguous when the user is 

faced with deciding whether the alga should be considered 

marine. It could have been growing in a freshwater pool 

next to the beach, on rocks far above high-tide mark and 

splashed by seawater with uncertain frequency, or on intertidal rocks. Alternatively, it could have lain free on the mud 

at low tide, having originated in a nearby freshwater stream 

or in offshore plankton. Even when critical information is 

given on the specimen, it is frequently omitted by the 

recording author. 

Deciding which records of blue-green algae should be 

considered marine and benthic is only the first obstacle. 

This group is plagued with other uncertainties. Its taxonomy has been polarized between the Geitlerian and Drouetian schools. Geitler (1942), building on the monographs of 

Bornet and Flahault (1886-1888) and Gomont 

(1892-1893), recognized 4 orders, 22 families, 140 genera, 

and more than 1200 species, while Drouet (1981) recognized 2 orders, 6 families, 24 genera, and 61 species. 

Recently, microbiologists have proposed a system of classification based solely on characters revealed in pure cultures 

(Rippkaetal., 1979). 

Having delineated the taxonomic units, one is then faced 

with the problem of determining their correct names. This 

is a critical process that is complicated in the case of bluegreen algae by the provision of the International Code of 

Botanical Nomenclature that nomenclature of the Nostocales begins with the monographs of Bornet and Flahault 

and of Gomont. For reasons discussed in the appended 

Nomenclatural Notes, later starting points are ignored in 

this catalog. 

All names recorded for the Philippines except the few 

published by Dickie (1876a, 1877) essentially follow Bornet 

and Flahault for heterocystous Nostocales and Gomont for 

homocystous Nostocales. For this reason, the records have 

been arranged according to those monographs rather than 

being integrated into the Drouetian system. A few records 

appear under two names, one given by Velasquez or another 

Filipino worker, the other by Drouet. These instances of 

duplication are noted. The catalog of blue-green algal records is followed by a reconciliation of the two systems. 

As though the foregoing ecological, taxonomic, and nomenclatural uncertainties were not enough, recently the 

inclusion of these organisms in the algae has been questioned. Placing greater importance on the lack of membrane-bounded organelles than on the presence of oxygenevolving photosynthesis, certain workers (led by the late 

Roger Stanier) treat these organisms as bacteria (Cyanobacteria). Some of these workers appear to have little faith in 

their decision, however, as they publish articles on Cyanobacteria in phycological journals! 

Order CHROOCOCCALES 

Family CHROOCOCCACEAE 

Anacystis Meneghini 

Anacystis aeruginosa (Zanardini) Drouet and Daily 

Palmogloea aeruginosa Zanardini, 1872:162, pi. IX.D [type locality: Cape 

Datu (Tandjoeng Datoek), boundary between Sarawak, Malaysia and 

West Kalimantan, Indonesia]. 

Anacystis aeruginosa (Zanardini) Drouet and Daily, 1948:77.—Velasquez, 

1950:312.—Drouet and Daily, 1956:77.—Velasquez and Soriano, 

1957:486.—Velasquez, 1962a:279, pi. 1: fig. 7.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:127.—Cordero, 1976c:10, 12.—Reyes, 1978:139, pi. 

1: figs. 1, 2.—Martinez, 1984:24. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN. 

Family ENTOPHYSALIDACEAE 

Entophysalis Kutzing 

Entophysalis conferta (Kutzing) Drouet and Daily 

Palmella conferta Kutzing, 1845:149 [type locality: Cuxhaven, West Germany]. 
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Entophysalis conferta (Kutzing) Drouet and Daily, 1948:79; 1956:118.— 

Velasquez, 1962a:281, pi. 1: fig. 9.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:143.—Martinez, 1984:36. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Rizal, Manila. 

Order NOSTOCALES 

Family NOSTOCACEAE 

Anabaina Bory de Saint-Vincent 

This generic name is usually spelled Anabaena, an orthographic variant used by Bornet and Flahault (1888 [1886-

1888]:224). 

Anabaina pseudoscillatoria Bory de Saint-Vincent 

Anabaina pseudoscillatoria Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1822:308 ["pseudo-oscillatoria"] [type locality: not specified; Everquem, near Gent, Belgium fide 

Drouet, 1978:157, 186]. 

Anabaina oscillarioides Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1831:29 [explanation of pi. 

LU: figs. 7a-c].—Drouet, 1978:195.—Cordero, 1981d:62, fig. 1.— 

Martinez, 1984:22. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. PANAY: Aklan. PALAWAN (incl. Cuyo I.). 

NOTE.—Bory de Saint-Vincent changed the epithet of 

this specific name without explanation. He has been followed in this regard by all subsequent authors. The Oriental 

Mindoro record (Velasquez 1045) was previously published 

under Hormothamnium enteromorphoides (Velasquez, 

1962a:351), while the Palawan records (Velasquez 3019 and 

Merrill 9158) were previously published under H. solutum 

(Velasquez, 1955:175 and 1962a:351, respectively). 

Hormothamnium Grunow 

The variant spelling Hormothamnion was initiated by Bornet and Flahault (1888 [1886-1888]:259) and has been 

used by all subsequent authors. 

Hormothamnium enteromorphoides Grunow 

Hormothamnium enteromorphoides Grunow, 1867:31, pi. I: fig. 25 [type 

locality: Guadeloupe].—Velasquez, 1950:323; 1962a:350, pi. 10: fig. 

120.—Reyes, 1978:141, pi. 2: figs. 5, 6.—Martinez, 1984:39. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SIQUIJOR. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1978:165, 195), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in W), assigned it to Anabaina 

oscillarioides Bory de Saint-Vincent (= A. pseudoscillatoria 

Bory de Saint-Vincent). 

Hormothamnium solutum Bornet and Grunow 

Hormothamnium solutum Bornet and Grunow in Bornet and Flahault, 1888 

[I886-1888]:259 [lectotype locality: Noumea, New Caledonia fide 

Drouet, 1978:166, 198].—Velasquez, 1955:175, pi. UL fig- 45; 

1962a:351,pl. 10: figs. 121, 121a.—Martinez, 1984:39. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN (incl. Cuyo I.). 

NOTE.—Drouet, after choosing and examining the lectotype of this species (in PC), assigned it to Anabaina oscillarioides Bory de Saint-Vincent (= A. pseudoscillatoria Bory 

de Saint-Vincent). 

Family OSCILLATORIACEAE 

Hydrocoleum Kutzing 

Hydrocoleum cantharidosmum (Montagne) Gomont 

Lyngbya? cantharidosma Montagne, 1841 [1839-1842]: 188 [type locality: 

Islas Canarias]. 

Hydrocoleum cantharidosmum (Montagne) Gomont, 1890:353.—Velasquez, 1950:319; 1962a:335, pi. 7: fig. 93.—Martinez, 1984:40. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:266, 297), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in PC), assigned it to Microcoleus 

lyngbyaceus (Kutzing) P. Crouan and H. Crouan. 

Hydrocoleum comoides (Harvey) Gomont 

Calothrix comoides Harvey, 1863:lxii [lectotype locality: Port Phillip Heads, 

Victoria, Australia fide Drouet, 1968:276, 308; 1973:207]. 

Hydrocoleum comoides (Harvey) Gomont, 1892[1892-1893]:335.—Velasquez, 1962a:335.—Martinez, 1984:40. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

NOTE.—Although Harvey gave Cape Riche [Western 

Australia] as the only locality for Calothrix comoides, he cited 

two of his collections, numbers 597 and 598. The latter is 

from Port Phillip Heads and that specimen (in BM) was 

chosen as lectotype by Drouet, who assigned it to Microcoleus 

lyngbyaceus (Kutzing) P. Crouan and H. Crouan. 

Hydrocoleum glutinosum (C. Agardh) Gomont 

Lyngbya glutinosa C. Agardh, 1824:73 [type locality: "In sinu Codano" 

(Kattegat, between Denmark and Sweden)]. 

Hydrocoleum glutinosum (C. Agardh) Gomont, 1890:353.—Velasquez, 

1950:319; 1962a:334, pi. 7: fig. 92.—Martinez, 1984:40. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:263), incorrectly treating Lyngbya 

glutinosa as a nomenclatural synonym of Conferva majuscula 

Dillwyn (1809 [1802-1809]:40, suppl. pi. A), referred this 

species to Microcoleus lyngbyaceus (Kutzing) P. Crouan and 

H. Crouan on the basis of the Dillwyn type. In fact, C. 

Agardh (1824:73, 74) cited

 uOsc. majuscula, Lyngb. & fl. D. 

t. 1549. f. 1" under Lyngbya glutinosa, intending this citation 

to refer to a circumscription (Lyngbye, 1819:91) that 
NUMBER 27 

excluded the type of Conferva majuscula, which he cited in 

the synonymy of Lyngbya crispa (C. Agardh) C. Agardh, as 

"Oscill. majuscula, Dillw. t. A." 

Hydrocoleum lyngbyaceum Kutzing 

Hydrocoleum lyngbyaceum Kutzing, 1849:259 [lectotype locality: Cherbourg, France fide Drouet, 1968:272, 296].—Velasquez, 1950:318.— 

Agor, 1962:34.—Velasquez, 1962a:336, pi. 7: fig. 94.—Vannajan and 

Trono, 1977:36, fig. 4.—Fortes, 1981b:396.—Martinez, 1984:40. 

Microcoleus lyngbyaceus (Kutzing) P. Crouan and H. Crouan, 1867:114.— 

Drouet, 1968:306-307. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (Babuyan 

Is.), Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan, Manila, MINDORO: Oriental 

Mindoro. CEBU. SULU: Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:224-225) placed Hydrocoleum and 

Lyngbya, among other genera, in the synonymy of Microcoleus. The records for Ilocos Sur, Cebu, and Tawitawi, which 

were added by Drouet, are based on collections previously 

reported under Phormidium ambiguum (Velasquez, 

1962a:306), Lyngbya confervoides (Velasquez, 1940:271; 

1962a:321), and L. majuscula (Velasquez, 1955:167), respectively. 

Lyngbya C. Agardh 

Lyngbya aestuarii (Mertens) Liebman 

Conferva aestuarii Mertens in Jiirgens, 1816: decade 2, no. 8 [type locality: 

"Dynastia Jeverana" (Oldenburg, West Germany)]. 

Lyngbya aestuarii (Mertens) Liebman, 1839:492.—Velasquez, 1941:193; 

1955:166, pi. II: fig. 25; 1962a:317, pi. 3: fig. 65.—Cordero, 1976c:14; 

1979b:278; 1981d:62, fig. 2.—Martinez, 1984:41. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), Pangasinan, Rizal. PANAY: Aklan. PALAWAN 

(Cuyo I.). 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:263, 292) chose a specimen in L 

as the lectotype of this species and assigned it to Microcoleus 

lyngbyaceus (Kutzing) P. Crouan and H. Crouan. 

Lyngbya confervoides C. Agardh 

Lyngbya confervoides C. Agardh, 1824:73 [lectotype locality: Spain (probably Cadiz) fide Drouet, 1968:264].—Velasquez, 1940:271; 

1950:318.—Agor, 1962:33; Velasquez, 1962a:321, pi. 3: fig 67.— 

Reyes, 1978:139, pi. 1: figs. 9, 10.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:6.— 

Velasquez, 1980:127, table 1.—Fortes, 198 lb:396.—Martinez, 

1984:41. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CEBU. SIQUIJOR. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:264, 296) chose a specimen in LD 

as the lectotype of this species and assigned it to Microcoleus 

lyngbyaceus (Kutzing) P. Crouan and H. Crouan. 

Lyngbya ferruginea C. Agardh 

Lyngbya ferruginea C. Agardh, 1824:73 [type locality: "In sinu ad Hofmansgave Fioniae' (Fyn, Denmark)].—Dickie, 1877:489.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:152.—Martinez, 1984:42. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:264, 292), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in LD) assigned it to Microcoleus 

lyngbyaceus (Kutzing) P. Crouan and H. Crouan. 

Lyngbya infixa Fremy 

Lyngbya infixa Fremy, 1932:1414 [type locality: Banyuls-sur-Mer, Pyrenees-Orientales, France].—Cordero, 1976c: 14. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:52, 73) chose a specimen in the 

personal herbarium of J. Feldmann as the lectotype of this 

species and assigned it to Schizothrix calcicola (C. Agardh) 

Gomont. 

Lyngbya lutea (C. Agardh) J.E. Areschoug 

Oscillatoria lutea C. Agardh, 1824:68 [type locality: Halsingborg, 

Sweden]. 

Lyngbya lutea (C. Agardh) J.E. Areschoug, 1850:443.—Fortes and Trono, 

1980:53.—Martinez, 1984:42. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:185, 188), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in LD), retained its original disposition, as Oscillatoria lutea C. Agardh. 

Lyngbya majuscula (Dillwyn) Harvey 

Conferva majuscula Dillwyn, 1809 [1802-1809]:40, suppl. pi. A [lectotype 

locality: England fide Drouet, 1968:263]. 

Lyngbya majuscula (Dillwyn) Harvey, 1833:370.—Dickie, 1876a:245.— 

Velasquez, 1940:271; 1950:317; 1955:167, pi. II: fig. 26.—Velasquez 

and Soriano, 1957:486.—Agor, 1962:33.—Velasquez, 1962a:319, pi. 

4: fig. 68; 1971:428, fig. 3—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:171, pi. 1: 

fig. 1; pi. 4: fig. 28.—Reyes, 1972:135.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:152.—Cordero, 1976c:10, 14, fig. A.—Vannajan and Trono, 

1977:37.—Reyes, 1978:139, pi. Lfigs. 7, 8.—Trono, 1978:2.—Saraya 

and Trono, 1980:6.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:94.—Chan, 1981:387, 

389.—Fortes, 198 lb:396.—Trono and Ang, 1982:2.—Martinez, 

1984:42. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), Pangasinan, Bataan, Cavite, Batangas. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. 

MARINDUQUE. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU. SIQUIJOR. 

MINDANAO: Zamboanga. PALAWAN (incl. Bugsuk I., Cuyo 

I.). SULU: Sulu (Tapul Group), Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:263, 295) chose a specimen in LD 

as the lectotype of this species and assigned it to Microcoleus 

lyngbyaceus (Kutzing) P. Crouan and H. Crouan. 
10 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Lyngbya martensiana Meneghini 

Lyngbya martensiana Meneghini, 1837:330 [type locality: Euganean thermal springs, Veneto, Italy].—Agor, 1962:33.—Velasquez, 1980:127, 

table 1.—Martinez, 1984:43. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:266, 295), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in FI), assigned it to Microcoleus 

lyngbyaceus (Kutzing) P. Crouan and H. Crouan. 

Lyngbya mesotricha Skuja 

Lyngbya mesotricha Skuja, 1949:54 [type locality: Burma (Rangoon fide 

Drouet, 1968:54, 87)]—Fortes and Trono, 1980:53.—Martinez, 

1984:43. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:54, 87) chose a specimen in PH as 

the lectotype of this species and assigned it to Schizothrix 

calcicola (C. Agardh) Gomont. 

Lyngbya rosea W.R. Taylor 

Lyngbya rosea W.R. Taylor, 1928:45, pi. 1: fig. 22 [type locality: Dry 

Tortugas, Florida, USA].—Vannajan and Trono, 1977:37. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cavite. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:91, 95), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in the personal herbarium of W.R. 

Taylor), assigned it to Schizothrix mexicana Gomont. 

Kutzing (1843b:221), which he referred to Schizothrix mexicana Gomont. When establishing Lyngbya sordida, however, 

Gomont listed Leibleinia capillacea as a species inquirenda, so 

that the two names do not share the same type. For the 

distribution of Lyngbya sordida, Gomont gave several localities in the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea as 

well as the Antilles and Tonga. When later starting points 

in Cyanophyceae are abandoned, as in the present catalog, 

L. sordida is seen to be a superfluous name, since Gomont 

included in its synonymy several legitimate names, the earliest being Leibleinia polychroa and L. violacea, both published by Meneghini (1844:304) and both transferred to 

Lyngbya by Rabenhorst (1847:83 and 1865:144, respectively). The type specimens of the Meneghini species should 

be in his herbarium in FI, but Drouet chose specimens 

distributed by Meneghini and housed in L. We herewith 

choose the type of Leibleinia polychroa as the lectotype of 

Lyngbya sordida. Gomont did not purposely by-pass Meneghini's names; rather, he thought that Calothrix sordida 

Zanardini (1843:63) was an earlier available name. That 

name was published without a description, however, and is 

thus invalid. Moreover, Lyngbya sordida Gomont is a later 

homonym of L. sordida P. Crouan and H. Crouan (in Maze 

and Schramm, 1878:21), based on Leibleinia sordida Kiitzing (1845:179), an illegitimate substitute name for Calothrix 

luteofusca C. Agardh (1827:635). 

Microcoleus Desmazieres 

Microcoleus acutissimus Gardner 

Lyngbya semiplena (C. Agardh) J. Agardh 

Calothrix semiplena C. Agardh, 1827:634 [type locality: Trieste, Italy]. 

Lyngbya semiplena (C. Agardh) J. Agardh, 1842:1 L—Agor, 1962:33.— 

Velasquez, 1962a:319, pi. 3: fig. 66.—Reyes, 1978:140, pi. 1: figs. 11, 

12.—Martinez, 1984:44. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SIQUIJOR. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:264-265, 295), after examining 

the holotype of this species (in LD), assigned it to Microcoleus 

lyngbyaceus (Kutzing) P. Crouan and H. Crouan. 

Lyngbya sordida Gomont 

Lyngbya sordida Gomont, 1893[ 1892-1893]: 126, pi. 2: fig. 21 [lectotype 

locality: Dalmatian coast of Yugoslavia; see Note].—Velasquez, 

1940:270; 1962a:316, pi. 3: fig. 64.—Cordero, 1976c: 14, fig. B.— 

Martinez, 1984:44. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CEBU. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:88) treated Lyngbya sordida Gomont as a nomenclatural synonym of Leibleinia capillacea 

Microcoleus acutissimus Gardner, 1927a:55, pi. 11: fig. 2 [type locality: 

Sabana Grande, Puerto Rico].—Velasquez, 1962a:332, pi. 6: figs. 89, 

89a.—Fortes and Trono, 1980:54.—Fortes, 198lb:396.—Martinez, 

1984:47. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:135, 139), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in NY), assigned it to Schizothrix 

tenerrima (Gomont) Drouet. 

Microcoleus tenerrimus Gomont 

Microcoleus tenerrimus Gomont, 1892[1892-1893]:355, pi. 14: figs. 9-11 

[lectotype locality: Guadeloupe fide Drouet, 1968:135, 139]. 

Schizothrix tenerrima (Gomont) Drouet, 1968:135 [including Philippine 

record on page 140]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—This record (Velasquez 723) had previously been 

published under Microcoleus acutissimus (Velasquez, 

1962a:332). 
NUMBER 27 11 

Oscillatoria Vaucher 

Oscillatoria bonnemaisonii (P. Crouan and H. Crouan) 

P. Crouan and H. Crouan 

Oscillaria bonnemaisonii P. Crouan and H. Crouan in Desmazieres, 1858: 

no. 537 [type locality: passage de Plougastel, Finistere, France]. 

Oscillatoria bonnemaisonii (P. Crouan and H. Crouan) P. Crouan and H. 

Crouan, 1860:371.—Velasquez, 1950:315; 1962a:288, pi. 1: fig. 16.— 

Cordero, 1976c: 10, 15, figs, c, D.—Velasquez, 1980:127, table 1.— 

Martinez, 1984:57. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:274, 296) chose a specimen in PC 

as the lectotype of this species and assigned it to Microcoleus 

lyngbyaceus (Kutzing) P. Crouan and H. Crouan. 

Oscillatoria corallinae (Kutzing) Gomont 

Leibleinia corallinae Kutzing, 1849:276 [type locality: "ad oras gallicas 

boreales" (Arromanches-les-Bains, Calvados, France fide Drouet, 

1968:272, 296)]. 

Oscillatoria corallinae (Kutzing) Gomont, 1893[1892-1893]:218.—Velasquez, 1962a:288, pi. 1: fig. 17.—Fortes, 198lb:396.—Martinez, 

1984:59. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Bataan. MINDANAO: 

Zamboanga. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:272, 296), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in L), assigned it to Microcoleus 

lyngbyaceus (Kutzing) P. Crouan and H. Crouan. 

Oscillatoria curviceps C. Agardh 

Oscillatoria curviceps C. Agardh, 1824:68 [type locality: "In stagnis Scaniae" (near Lund, Sweden fide Drouet, 1968:264, 291)].—Fortes and 

Trono, 1980:52.—Fortes, 198 lb:396.—Martinez, 1984:59. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:264, 291), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in LD), assigned it to Microcoleus 

lyngbyaceus (Kutzing) P. Crouan and H. Crouan. 

Oscillatoria nigroviridis Thwaites 

Oscillatoria nigroviridis Thwaites in Harvey, 1849 [1847-1851]: pi. 

CCLL A ["nigro-viridis"] [type locality: Shirehampton near Bristol, England].—Velasquez, 1962a:293, pi. 2: fig. 24.—Fortes and Trono, 

1980:52.—Fortes, 198 lb:396.—Martinez, 1984:63. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Rizal. MINDORO: 

Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:145, 154) chose a specimen in K 

(now in BM) as the lectotype of this species and assigned it 

to Porphyrosiphon notarisii (Meneghini) Kutzing. 

Oscillatoria sancta (Kutzing) Gomont 

Oscillaria sancta Kutzing, 1847b:30, pi. 42: fig. VII [type locality: "In der 

'Aequa santa'" (near Roma, Italy fide Drouet, 1968:270, 294)]. 

Oscillatoria sancta (Kutzing) Gomont, 1893[ 1892-1893]:209.—Fortes and 

Trono, 1980:53, fig. 1.—Fortes, 1981b:396.—Martinez, 1984:65. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:270, 294), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in L), assigned it to Microcoleus 

lyngbyaceus (Kutzing) P. Crouan and H. Crouan. 

Phormidium Kutzing 

Phormidium ambiguum Gomont 

Amphithrix amoena Kutzing, 1843b:220 [type locality: Nordhausen, East 

Germany]. 

Phormidium ambiguum Gomont, 1893[ 1892-1893]: 178, pi. 5: fig. 10.— 

Velasquez, 1962a:306, pi. 3: fig. 50.—Martinez, 1984:68. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Sur. 

NOTE.—Phormidium ambiguum was proposed as a substitute name for Amphithrix amoena Kutzing in consideration 

of the prior existence of P. amoenum Kutzing (1843b: 192). 

Drouet (1968:232, 246), after examining the holotype of 

A. amoena (in L), assigned it to Microcoleus vaginatus 

(Vaucher) Gomont. The Ilocos Sur record, however, was 

referred by Drouet (1968:307) to Microcoleus lyngbyaceus 

(Kutzing) P. Crouan and H. Crouan. 

Oscillatoria margaritifera (Kutzing) Gomont 

Oscillaria margaritifera Kutzing, 1847b:31, pi. 43: fig. X [type locality: 

Calvados, France]. 

Oscillatoria margaritifera (Kutzing) Gomont, 1893[1892-1893]:216.—Velasquez, 1962a:293, pi. 2: fig. 23.—Vannajan and Trono, 1977:36, fig. 

lb.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:6.—Chan, 1981:387, 389.—Martinez, 

1984:62. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Cavite. 

MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Droue t (1968:270, 296), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in L), assigned it to Microcoleus 

lyngbyaceus (Kutzing) P. Crouan and H. Crouan. 

Phormidium crosbyanum Tilden 

Phormidium crosbyanum Tilden, 1909: no. 645 [type locality: Waianae, 

Oahu, Hawaiian Is.].—Velasquez, 1940:271; 1950:316; 1955:165, pi. 

I: fig. 20; 1962a:304, pi. 2: fig. 46; 1971:427, fig. 2.—Reyes, 

1972:135.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:159.—Cordero, 

1976c:10, 15; 1981d:63, fig. 3.—Martinez, 1984:68. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: 

Negros Oriental, SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:48, 83), after examining the holotype of this species (in MIN), assigned it to Schizothrix 

calcicola (C. Agardh) Gomont. 
12 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Phormidium laysanense Lemmermann 

Phormidium laysanense Lemmermann, 1905:619, pi. VII: figs. 4, 5 [type 

locality: Laysan Islet, Hawaiian Is.].—Agor, 1962:33.—Martinez, 

1984:69. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:213), on the basis of the original 

description, assigned this species to Oscillatoria erythraea 

(Ehrenberg) Drouet. Although the latter species (better 

known as Trichodesmium erythraeum Ehrenberg) is generally 

planktonic, Agor (I.e.) reported his material as being epiphytic on brown algae. 

Phormidium penicillatum Gomont 

Phormidium penicillatum Gomont, 1893:LXXXVIII, pi. IV: figs. 5-7; 

in Jadin, 1893:CLix ["penicellatum"] [type locality: Saint-Gilles, Reunion].—Velasquez, 1962a:306.—Martinez, 1984:70. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (Babuyan 

Is.), MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:204, 212), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in PC), assigned it to Oscillatoria 

submembranacea (Ardissone and Strafforello) Drouet. 

Phormidium persicinum (Reinke) Gomont 

Lyngbya persicina Reinke, 1889:91 [type locality: Kieler Bucht, West Germany]. 

Phormidium persicinum (Reinke) Gomont, 1893[ 1892-1893]: 164.—Velasquez, 1962a:301, pi. 2: fig. 41—Reyes, 1978:139, pi. 1: figs. 5, 6.— 

Martinez, 1984:70. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SIQUIJOR. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:43, 68) chose a specimen in PC as 

the lectotype of this species and assigned it to Schizothrix 

calcicola (C. Agardh) Gomont. 

Phormidium submembranaceum 

(Ardissone and Strafforello) Gomont 

Oscillaria submembranacea Ardissone and Strafforello, 1877:65 [type locality: Porto Maurizio, Liguria, Italy]. 

Phormidium submembranaceum (Ardissone and Strafforello) Gomont, 

1893[I892-1893]:180. 

Oscillatoria submembranacea (Ardissone and Strafforello) Drouet, 1968: 

203 [including Philippine records on page 212]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (Babuyan 

Is.), MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Thes e records were previously published as 

Phormidium penicillatum Gomont by Velasquez (1962a:306). 

Phormidium tinctorium Kutzing 

Phormidium tinctorium Kutzing, 1847b:35, pi. 49: fig. Ill [type locality: 

Falaise, Calvados, France].—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:171, pi. 1: 

fig. 2.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:159—Martinez, 1984:71. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:100, 105), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in L), assigned it to Schizothrix friesii 

(C. Agardh) Gomont. 

Phormidium valderiae (Delponte) Schmidle 

Leptothrix valderiae Delponte in Garelli. 1857:35 ["valderia"] [type locality: 

Valdieri, Piemonte, Italy]. 

Phormidium valderiae (Delponte) Schmidle, 1901:100, footnote. 

Phormidium valdenanum Gomont, 1893[ 1892-1893]: 167—Velasquez, 

1955:164, pi. I: fig. 19; 1962a:305, pi. 3: fig. 48.—Martinez, 1984:72. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Phormidium valderianum was proposed as a substitute name for Leptothrix valderiae. When later starting 

points are abandoned, the correct name for this species 

becomes P. valderiae. Drouet (1968:38, 71) chose a specimen in PC as the lectotype of this species and assigned it to 

Schizothrix calcicola (C. Agardh) Gomont. 

Schizothrix Kutzing 

Schizothrix mexicana Gomont 

Schizothrix mexicana Gomont, 1892[1892-1893]:304 [type locality: Rio 

Guatulco, Oaxaca, Mexico).—Drouet, 1968:98. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CEBU. 

NOTE.—Th e Mindoro records (Velasquez 871, 988) had 

previously been published under Lyngbya majuscula (Velasquez, 1962a:320) and L. sordida (Velasquez, 1962a:3l7), 

respectively. 

Sirocoleum Kutzing 

Sirocoleum kurzii (Zeller) Gomont 

Chthonoblastus kurzii Zeller, 1873:178 [type locality: Elephant Point, Pegu, 

Burma]. 

Sirocoleum kurzii (Zeller) Gomont, 1892[1892-1893]:349. 

Porphyrosiphon kurzii (Zeller) Drouet, 1968:162 [including Philippine record on page 164]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Rizal. 

Spirulina Turpin 

Spirulina major Kutzing 

Spirulina major Kutzing, 1843b: 183 [lectotype locality: Weissenfels, East 

Germany fide Drouet, 1968:17, 20].—Velasquez, 1980:127, table 

1.—Martinez, 1984:82. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:17, 20) chose a specimen in L as 

the lectotype of this species and assigned it to Spirulina 

subsalsa Oersted. 
NUMBER 27 13 

Symploca Kutzing 

Symploca howei Gardner 

Symploca howei Gardner, 1932:283, fig. 1, pi. 2: fig. 9 [type locality: Cayo 

Don Luis near Point Montalva, Puerto Rico].—Velasquez and Soriano, 

1957:486.—Reyes, 1972:135.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975: 

163.—Reyes, 1978:140, pi. 2: fig. 1, 2.—Martinez, 1984:85. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

SIQUIJOR. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:92, 95), after examining the holotype of this species (in NY), assigned it to Schizothrix mexicana Gomont. 

Symploca hydnoides (Harvey) Kutzing 

Calothrix hydnoides Harvey, 1833:368 [type locality: Appin, Argyll, Scotland]. 

Symploca hydnoides (Harvey) Kutzing, 1849:272.—Velasquez, 1962a:312, 

pi. 3: fig. 59.—Reyes, 1972:136.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:164.—Reyes, 1978:140, pi. I: figs. 13, 14.—Saraya and Trono, 

1980:7.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:94.—Martinez, 1984:85. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (Babuyan 

Is.), Pangasinan. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU. SIQUIJOR. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:310; 1973:177, 185) chose a specimen in LD as the lectotype of this species and assigned it 

to Calothrix crustacea Thuret. 

Symploca laeteviridis Gomont 

Symploca laeteviridis Gomont, 1893[1892-1893]:109, pi. 2: figs. 6-8 [type 

locality: Key West, Florida, USA].—Velasquez, 1955:168, pi. II: fig. 

28; 1962a:311, pi. 3: fig. 58.—Martinez, 1984:85. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SULU: Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1968:111, 118), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in PC), assigned it to Schizothrix 

arenaria (Berkeley) Gomont. 

Family RIVULARIACEAE 

Calothrix C. Agardh 

Calothrix aeruginea (Kutzing) Thuret 

Leibleinia aeruginea Kutzing, 1843b:221 [type locality: Trieste, Italy]. 

Calothrix aeruginea (Kutzing) Thuret, 1875:381.—Fortes and Trono, 

1980:54, fig. 2.—Fortes, 198 lb:396.—Martinez, 1984:28. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1973:168, 184), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in L), assigned it to Calothrix 

crustacea Thuret. 

Calothrix confervicola (Dillwyn) C. Agardh 

Conferva confervicola Dillwyn, 1802 [1802-1809]: pi. 8 [lectotype locality: 

Aberystwyth, Wales fide Drouet, 1973:164]. 

Calothrix confervicola (Dillwyn) C. Agardh, 1824:70.—Velasquez, 

1962a:353, pi. 10: fig. 125.—Martinez, 1984:28. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (Babuyan 

Is.). 

NOTE.—Drouet (1973:163-164) chose a specimen in 

OXF as the lectotype of this species and assigned it to 

Calothrix crustacea Thuret. 

Calothrix contarenii (Zanardini) Bornet and Flahault 

Rivularia contarenii Zanardini, 1840a: 134 [lectotype locality: Venezia, 

Italy fide Drouet, 1973:167, 184]. 

Calothrix contarenii (Zanardini) Bornet and Flahault, 1886a [1886-

1888]:355.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:7.—Martinez, 1984:29. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1973:166-167, 184) chose a specimen 

in PC as the lectotype of this species and assigned it to 

Calothrix crustacea Thuret. 

Calothrix crustacea Thuret 

Calothrix crustacea Thuret in Bornet and Thuret, 1876:13, pi. IV: figs. 

1-6 [lectotype locality: Tangiers, Morocco fide Drouet, 1973:175, 

186].—Fan, 1956:176.—Drouet, 1973:194.—Martinez, 1984:29. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (Babuyan 

Is.), Ilocos Sur. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), 

Oriental Mindoro. PALAWAN, SULU: Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Thes e records have also been reported as follows: Cagayan under Calothrix confervicola (Velasquez, 

1962a:353), Ilocos Sur under C. parietina (Fan, 1956:168), 

Oriental Mindoro (Velasquez 1076) under Brachytrichia maculans (Velasquez, 1962a: 356), Palawan under Rivularia 

bullata (Velasquez, 1962a:355), and Tawitawi under Calothrix pilosa (Velasquez, 1955:181). 

Calothrix epiphytica W. West and G.S. West 

Calothrix epiphytica W. West and G.S. West, 1897:240 [type locality: 

Mossamedes, Angola].—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:172, pi. 1: fig. 

6.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:130.—Martinez, 1984:29. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1973:121,150) chose a specimen in UC 

as the lectotype of this species and assigned it to Calothrix 

parietina (Nageli ex Kutzing) Thuret. 

Calothrix parietina (Nageli ex Kutzing) Thuret 

Schizosiphon parietinus Nageli ex Kutzing, 1849:327 [type locality: Zurich, 

Switzerland]. 

Calothrix parietina (Nageli ex Kutzing) Thuret, 1875:381.—Fan, 1956: 

168.—Martinez, 1984:29. 
14 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Sur. 

NOTE.—This record has also been reported under Phormidium ambiguum (Velasquez, 1962a:306) and Calothrix 

crustacea (Drouet, 1973:194). 

Calothrix pilosa Harvey 

Calothrix pilosa Harvey, 1858:106, pi. XLVIlI.c [type locality: Key West, 

Florida, USA].—Velasquez, 1940:269; 1950:323; 1955:181, pi. V: figs. 

57a, 57ft.—Fan, 1956:171-172.—Velasquez, 1962a:353, pi. 10: figs. 

123, 123a.—Martinez, 1984:29. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Quezon, MINDORO: 

Oriental Mindoro. LEYTE (Biliran I.), SULU: Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1973:39, 77) chose a specimen in K (in 

BM) as the lectotype of this species and assigned it to 

Scytonema hofmannii C. Agardh [= 5. hofman-bangii C. 

Agardh]. 

Calothrix robusta Setchell and Gardner 

Calothrix robusta Setchell and Gardner in Gardner, 1918:473, pi. 40: fig. 

22 [type locality: Cypress Point, Monterey County, California, USA].— 

Velasquez, 1950:324.—Martinez, 1984:30. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1973:177, 190), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in UC), assigned it to Calothrix 

crustacea Thuret. 

Calothrix scopulorum (Weber and Mohr) C. Agardh 

Conferva scopulorum Weber and Mohr, 1804:195, pi. 3: fig. 3 [type locality: 

Varberg, Sweden]. 

Calothrix scopulorum (Weber and Mohr) C. Agardh, 1824:70.—Fortes and 

Trono, 1980:54.—Fortes, 198 lb:396.—Martinez, 1984:30. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1973:164, 183) chose a specimen in K 

(in BM) as the lectotype of this species and assigned it to 

Calothrix crustacea Thuret. 

Calothrix viguieri Fremy 

Calothrix viguieri Fremy, 1930:252, fig. 226 [type locality: Gabon].— 

Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:172, pi. 1: fig. 5.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:1 30.—Martinez, 1984:30. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1973:131), on the basis of the original 

description, assigned this species to Calothrix parietina (Nageli ex Kutzing) Thuret. 

Dichothrix Zanardini 

Dichothrix gypsophila (Kutzing) Bornet and Flahault 

Schizosiphon gypsophilus Kiitzing, 1843b:234, pi. 6: fig. II [type locality: 

"An Gypswanden des sudlichen Harzes" (Sachswerfen, near Nordhausen, East Germany fide Drouet, 1973:104)]. 

Dichothrix gypsophila (Kutzing) Bornet and Flahault, 1886a [1886-

1888]:377.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:172, pi. 1: fig. 4.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:140.—Martinez, 1984:35. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1973:103-104, 145), after examining 

the holotype of this species (in L), assigned it to Calothrix 

parietina (Nageli ex Kutzing) Thuret. 

Gardnerula De Toni f. 

Gardnerula corymbosa (Harvey) De Toni f. 

Microcoleus corymbosus Harvey, 1858:109, pi. XLVIII:B [type locality: Key 

West, Florida, USA], 

Gardnerula corymbosa (Harvey) De Toni f., 1936:[5].—Velasquez, 

1940:270; 1950:327; 1962a:355, pi. 10: figs. 128, 128a, 128*.—Reyes, 

1978:142, pi. 2: figs. 14-17.—Martinez, 1984:37. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Quezon, MINDORO: 

Oriental Mindoro. SIQUIJOR. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1973:173, 189), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in TCD), assigned it to Calothrix 

crustacea Thuret. 

Rivularia C. Agardh 

Rivularia bullata (Poiret) Berkeley 

Ulva bullata Poiret, 1808:175 [type locality: Siriac, Bretagne, France]. 

Rivularia bullata (Poiret) Berkeley, 1833:8.—Velasquez, 1962a:355, pi. 

10: fig. 127.—Reyes, 1978:141, pi. 2: figs. 12, 13.—Martinez, 1984:75. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1973:165, 185), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in PC), assigned it to Calothrix 

crustacea Thuret. 

Rivularia mesenterica (Kutzing) Thuret 

Heteractis mesenterica Kutzing, 1843b:236 [type locality: Pula, Yugoslavia]. 

Rivularia mesenterica (Kutzing) Thuret, 1875:382.—Reyes, 1978:141, pi. 

2: figs. 7-9.—Martinez, 1984:76. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SIQUIJOR. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1973:168-169, 184), after examining 

the holotype of this species (in L), assigned it to Calothrix 

crustacea Thuret. 

Rivularia nitida C. Agardh 

Rivularia nitida C. Agardh, 1812 [1810-1812]:44 [type locality: Stockholm, Sweden].—Fortes and Trono, 1980:55, fig. 3.—Fortes, 1981b: 

396.—Martinez, 1984:76. 
NUMBER 27 15 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION 

doro. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1973:165, 183), being unable to find 

original material of this species, chose a specimen in LD 

(from Bastad, Sweden) as a neotype and assigned it to 

Calothrix crustacea Thuret. 

Rivularia polyotis (J. Agardh) Hauck 

Diplotrichia polyotis]. Agardh, 1842:10 [type locality: Pag I., Yugoslavia]. 

Rivularia polyotis (J. Agardh) Hauck, 1884 [ 1883-1885]:495.—Reyes, 

1978:141, pi. 2: figs. iO, 11.—Martinez, 1984:76. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SIQUIJOR. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1973:167-168, 184), after examining 

the holotype of this species (in LD), assigned it to Calothrix 

crustacea Thuret. 

Family SCYTONEMATACEAE 

Scytonema C. Agardh 

Scytonema hofman-bangii C. Agardh 

Scytonema hofman-bangii C. Agardh, 1812 [ 1810-1812]:39 ["hojfman-bangii"] [type locality: Jader, Vastmanland, Sweden]. 

Scytonema hofmanii C. Agardh, 1817:117 ["hofmannii"].—Velasquez, 

1950:325; 1962a:363, pi. 12: fig. 138—Drouet, 1973:91-92—Martinez. 1984:79. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Quezon, MINDORO: 

Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Scytonema hofmannii was proposed as a substitute 

name for S. hoffman-bangii. Both epithets commemorate the 

Danish botanist, Niels Hofman Bang (for whom the red 

alga Bangia is also named), so that neither is correctly 

spelled. When later starting points are abandoned, the 

correct name for this species becomes Scytonema hofmanbangii. The Quezon record was previously published under 

Calothrix pilosa (Velasquez, 1940:270). 

Order STIGONEMATALES 

Family MASTIGOCLADACEAE 

Brachytrichia Zanardini 

Brachytrichia maculans Gomont 

Brachytrichia maculans Gomont, 1901:210, pi. 5: figs. 5-7 [type locality: 

Lem Dan, Ko Chang Archipelago, Thailand].—Velasquez, 1962a: 

356.—Martinez, 1984:28. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Drouet (1973:177, 194), after examining the 

holotype of this species (in PC), assigned it to Calothrix 

crustacea Thuret. 

MINDORO: Oriental Min- Brachytrichia quoyi (C. Agardh) Bornet and Flahault 

Nostoc quoyi C. Agardh, 1824:22 ["quoji"] [type locality: Mariana Is.]. 

Brachytrichia quoyi (C. Agardh) Bornet and Flahault, 1886b [1886-

1888]:373.—Velasquez, 1940:270; 1950:325; 1955:180, pi. V: fig 

55.—Velasquez and Soriano, 1957:486.—Velasquez, 1962a:356, pi 

11: fig. 129.—Villones and Magdamo, 1968:11, fig. 2.—Velasquez 

1971:428, fig. 4—Reyes, 1972:135.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty 

1975:130.—Drouet, 1981:107.—Fortes, 1981 b:396.—Cordero 

1984a:69.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:65, fig. 3.—Cordero 

1984b:57.—Martinez, 1984:28. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Ilocos Sur, Batangas, Quezon, Albay. MINDORO: 

Oriental Mindoro. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. PALAWAN 

(incl. Cuyo I.). 

RECONCILIATION WITH THE DROUETIAN SYSTEM 

Philippine Cyanophyceae arranged according to the 

Drouetian classification (synonyms indented beneath accepted names): 

Order Chroococcales 

Family Chamaesiphonaceae 

Entophysalis conferta (Kutzing) Drouet and Daily 

Family Chroococcaceae 

Anacystis aeruginosa (Zanardini) Drouet and Daily 

Order Hormogonales 

Family Nostocaceae 

Anabaina oscillarioides Bory de Saint-Vincent 

Anabaina pseudoscillatoria Bory de Saint-Vincent 

Hormothamnium enteromorphoides Grunow 

H. solutum Bornet and Grunow 

Calothrix crustacea Thuret 

Brachytrichia maculans Gomont 

Calothrix aeruginea (Kutzing) Thuret 

C. confervicola (Dillwyn) C. Agardh 

C. contarenii (Zanardini) Bornet and Flahault 

C. robusta Setchell and Gardner 

C. scopulorum (Weber and Mohr) C. Agardh 

Gardnerula corymbosa (Harvey) De Toni f. 

Rivularia bullata (Poiret) Berkeley 

R. mesenterica (Kutzing) Thuret 

R. nitida C. Agardh 

R. polyotis (J. Agardh) Hauck 

Symploca hydnoides (Harvey) Kutzing 

Calothrix parietina (Nageli ex Kutzing) Thuret 

Calothrix epiphytica W. West and G.S. West 

C. viguieri Fremy 

Dichothrix gypsophila (Kutzing) Bornet and Flahault 

Scytonema hofmannii C. Agardh [= 5. hofman-bangii C. Agardh] 

Calothrix pilosa Harvey 

Family Oscillatoriaceae 

Microcoleus lyngbyaceus (Kutzing) P. Crouan and H. Crouan 

Hydrocoleum lyngbyaceum Kutzing 

H. cantharidosmum (Montagne) Gomont 

H. comoides (Harvey) Gomont 

H. glutinosum (C. Agardh) Gomont 

Lyngbya aestuarii (Mertens) Liebman 

L. confervoides C. Agardh 

L. ferruginea C. Agardh 

L. majuscula (Dillwyn) Harvey 
16 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

L. martensiana Meneghini 

L. semiplena (C. Agardh) J. Agardh 

Oscillatoria bonnemaisonii (P. Crouan and H. Crouan) 

P. Crouan and H. Crouan 

O. corallinae (Kutzing) Gomont 

O. curviceps C. Agardh 

O. margaritifera (Kutzing) Gomont 

O. sancta (Kutzing) Gomont 

M. vaginatus (Vaucher) Gomont 

Phormidium ambiguum Gomont 

Oscillatoria erythrea (Ehrenberg) Drouet 

Phormidium laysanense Lemmermann 

0. lutea C. Agardh 

Lyngbya lutea (C. Agardh) J.E. Areschoug 

O. submembranacea (Ardissone and Strafforello) Drouet 

Phormidium submembranaceum (Ardissone and Strafforello) Gomont 

P. penicillatum Gomont 

Porphyrosiphon kurzii (Zeller) Drouet 

Sirocoleum kurzii (Zeller) Gomont 

P. notarisii (Meneghini ex Kutzing) Kutzing 

Oscillatoria nigroviridis Thwaites 

Schizothrix arenaria (Berkeley) Gomont 

Symploca laeteviridis Gomont 

S. calcicola (C. Agardh) Gomont 

Lyngbya infixa Fremy 

L. mesotricha Skuja 

Phormidium crosbyanum Tilden 

P. persicinum (Reinke) Gomont 

P. valderiae (Delponte) Schmidle 

S.friesii (C. Agardh) Gomont 

Phormidium tinctorium Kutzing 

S. mexicana Gomont 

Lyngbya rosea W.R. Taylor 

L. sordida Gomont [uncertain; see entry in Catalog] 

Symploca howei Gardner 

5. tenerrima (Gomont) Drouet 

Microcoleus tenerrimus Gomont 

M. acutissimus Gardner 

Spirulina subsalsa Oersted 

Spirulina major Kutzing 

Family Stigonemataceae 

Brachytrichia quoyi (C. Agardh) Bornet and Flahault 
Class RHODOPHYCEAE 

Subclass BANGIOPHYCIDAE 

Order GONIOTRICHALES 

Family GONIOTRICHACEAE 

Chroodactylon Hansgirg 

Chroodactylon ornatum (C. Agardh) Basson 

Conferva ornata C. Agardh, 1824:104 [type locality: Lake Malaren, Stockholm, Sweden]. 

Asterocytis ornata (C. Agardh) Hamel, 1924:451.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:380 ["Asterocystis"].—Saraya and Trono, 1982:25. 

Chroodactylon ornatum (C. Agardh) Basson, 1979:67. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Goniotrichum Kutzing 

Goniotrichum alsidii (Zanardini) Howe 

Bangia alsidii Zanardini, 1840a: 136 [type locality: Trieste, Italy]. 

Goniotrichum alsidii (Zanardini) Howe, 1914:75.—Menez and Calumpong, 

1981:380. 

Bangia elegans Chauvin, 1842:33 [type locality: Arromanches-les-Bains, 

Calvados, France]. 

Goniotrichum elegans (Chauvin) Zanardini, 1847:249.—Weber-van Bosse, 

1921:187.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:146.—Chan, 1981: 

387.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:25, pi. I: fig. 1. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. CENTRAL VISAYAS. SULU: Tawitawi (Sangasiapu I.) 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Bangia alsidii and Goniotrichum elegans was proposed by Zanardini (1873:457), who, 

however, considered B. alsidii a variety of G. elegans. The 

varietal distinction is not usually recognized, but if it is, G. 

elegans must be subordinated to G. alsidii. 

Order BANGIALES 

Family ERYTHROPELTIDACEAE 

Erythrocladia Rosenvinge 

Erythrocladia irregularis Rosenvinge 

Erythrocladia irregularis Rosenvinge, 1909:72, figs. 11, 12 [type locality: 

M#llegrund off Hirshals, Denmark]. 

Erythrocladia subintegra Rosenvinge, 1909:73, figs. 13, 14 [syntype localities: two, off Hirshals, Denmark].—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:15, fig. 

14.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:26. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Manila. 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Erythrocladia irregularis 

and E. subintegra was proposed by Heerebout (1968:141). 

The latter species was treated as a forma of E. irregularis 

by Garbary, Hansen, and Scagel (1981:154). 

Erythrocladia pinnata W.R. Taylor 

Erythrocladia pinnata W.R. Taylor, 1942:75, pi. 2: figs. 1, 2 [type locality: 

Tobago I., West Indies].—Menez and Calumpong, 1981:380. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Erythrotrichia J.E. Areschoug 

Erythrotrichia bangioides Levring 

Erythrotrichia bangioides Levring, 1955:410, fig. 1 [syntype localities: various, all in New Zealand].—Saraya and Trono, 1982:26. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Erythrotrichia biseriata Tanaka 

Erythrotrichia biseriata Tanaka, 1944:86, fig. 8 [syntype localities: Kashoto, Taiwan; Hachijo-jima, Japan].—Cordero, 1977a:33, figs. 1, 2.— 

Saraya and Trono, 1982:26. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas. 

Erythrotrichia parietalis Tanaka 

Erythrotrichia parietalis Tanaka, 1952:18, fig. 10 [type locality: Takamatsu, 

Japan].—Cordero, 1977a:34, fig. 3.—Fortes, 1981b:396.—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1981:380. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cavite (Corregidor 

I.), CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Family BANGIACEAE 

Bangia Lyngbye 

Bangia atropurpurea (Roth) C. Agardh 

Conferva atropurpurea Roth, 1806:208, pi. VI [type locality: Bremen, West 

Germany]. 

Bangia atropurpurea (Roth) C. Agardh, 1824:76. 

Conferva fuscopurpurea Dillwyn, 1807 [1802-1809]: pi. 92 ["fusco-purpurea"\ [type locality: Dunraven Castle, Glamorganshire, Wales]. 

17 
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Bangia fuscopurpurea (Dillwyn) Lyngbye, 1819:83, pi. 24:c.—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1981:380.—Calumpong, 1982:145. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—NEGROS: Negros Oriental 

(Apo I.). 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Bangia fuscopurpurea (marine) and B. atropurpurea (freshwater) was proposed by den 

Hartog (1972) and Geesink (1973). 

Bangia yamadae Tanaka 

Bangia yamadae Tanaka, 1944:84, figs. 6, 7 ["yamadai"] [type locality: 

Hoko-to (P'eng-hu), Taiwan].—Cordero, 1977a:34, figs. 4, 5. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cavite (Corregidor 

I.). 

NOTE.—I n forming an epithet intended to commemorate 

a personal name ending in the letter a, the letter e is added 

regardless of gender. Thus Yamada yields yamadae and 

Okamura yields okamurae (used in several species in this 

catalog). 

Porphyra C. Agardh 

Porphyra atropurpurea (Olivi) De Toni 

Ulva atropurpurea Olivi, 1794:153, pis. I—III ["atro-purpurea"] [type locality: Venezia, Italy]. 

Porphyra atropurpurea (Olivi) De Toni, 1897:17.—Zaneveld, 1956:24; 

1959:105. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos. 

Porphyra crispata Kjellman 

Porphyra crispata Kjellman, 1897a: 15, pi. 1: figs. 4, 5; pi. 3: figs. 5-7; pi. 

5: fig. 15 [type locality: Goto, Japan].—Domantay, 1962:293.—Galutira 

and Velasquez, 1964:501, pi. 3: figs. 8a-c; pi. 7: figs. 11a,b.—Velasquez, 

1968a:121, fig. 6.—De Leon and Domantay, 1971:5, 8.—Velasquez, 

1971:446, fig. 25; 1972:63.—Cordero, 1974c:138, fig. 2.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:161—Cordero, 1977a:36, figs. 6-8; 1979a:21, 

fig. 1.—Velasquez, 1979b:230.—Cordero, 1980b:38, fig. 4.—Trono 

and Fortes, 1980:67.—Trono, Velasquez, and Guevarra, 1980:78.— 

Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22—Trono and Fortes, 1982:149.—Cordero, 

1984a:86.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a: 17; 1984b: 124.—Tungpalan, 1984:140. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Batangas. 

Porphyra denticulata Levring 

Porphyra denticulata Levring, 1953:467, figs. 5, 6A- G [syntype localities: 

various, all in Queensland, Australia].—Quisumbing, 1951:1011. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos 

Norte. 

*Porphyra marcosii Cordero 

Porphyra marcosii Cordero, 1976b: 15, figs, A-H , pi. 1 [type locality: Dirique 

Bay, Burgos, Ilocos Norte Prov., Luzon].—Cordero, 1974c: 139, fig. 4 

[Porphyra sp.]; 1977a:36, figs. 9, 9a, pi. I:A; 1979a:22, fig. 2; 1980b:38, 

fig. 5, pi. 25; 1984a:87.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:19; 1984b: 

124.—Tungpalan, 1984:140. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Porphyra suborbiculata Kjellman 

Porphyra suborbiculata Kjellman, 1897a: 10, pi. 1: figs. 1-3; pi. 2: figs. 5 -

9; pi. 5: figs. 4-7 [type locality: Goto, Japan].—Cordero, 1974c:138, 

fig. 3; 1977a:37, figs. 10, 11; 1979a:23, fig. 3; 1980b:39, fig. 6, pis. 26, 

[55].—Trono and Fortes, 1980:67.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Trono 

and Fortes, 1982:149.—Cordero, 1984a:86.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 

1984a:19, fig. 14; 1984b: 124.—Tungpalan, 1984:140. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION. 

Norte, Cavite (Corregidor L). 

-LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos 

Porphyra variegata (Kjellman) Kjellman 

Diploderma variegatum Kjellman, 1889:33, pi. II: figs. 1-4 [type locality: 

Bering I., USSR]. 

Porphyra variegata (Kjellman) Kjellman in Hus, 1900:69.—Velasquez et 

al., 1973:25, pi. 9: fig. 43. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Bataan. 

Subclass FLORIDEOPHYCIDAE 

Order ACROCHAETIALES 

Family ACROCHAETIACEAE 

Deliberations leading to the choice of the classification of 

acrochaetioid algae employed here are given in the appended Nomenclatural Notes. 

Acrochaetium Nageli 

Acrochaetium gracile B0rgesen 

Acrochaetium gracile B^rgesen, 1915:26, figs. 19, 20 [type locality: St. 

Thomas, Virgin Is.].—Abbott, 1962:115, fig. 17.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:126.—Cordero, 1977a:38, fig. 12.—Vannajan and 

Trono, 1978:15.—Chan, 1981:387. —Fortes, 1981b:396. 
NUMBER 27 19 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Cavite. 

PALAWAN (Balabac I.). 

Acrochaetium hallandicum (Kylin) Hamel 

Chantransia hallandica Kylin, 1906:123, fig. 8 [type locality: Halland coast 

of Sweden]. 

Acrochaetium hallandicum (Kylin) Hamel, 1927:20, 82. 

Acrochaetium sargassi B^rgesen, 1915: 17, figs. 7-10 [type locality: St. 

Thomas, Virgin Is.].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:380. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Chantransia hallandica 

and Acrochaetium sargassi was proposed by Woelkerling 

(1973:84). 

Acrochaetium seriatum B</>rgesen 

Acrochaetium seriatum B</>rgesen, 1915:32, figs. 25-28 [syntype localities: 

various, all in Virgin Is.].—Abbott, 1962:113, fig. 15.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:126. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN (Balabac I.). 

Acrochaetium sinicola (Dawson) Papenfuss 

Rhodochorton sinicola Dawson, 1944:256, pi. 41: figs. 1, 2 [type locality: 

Isla Turner, near Isla Tiburon, Sonora, Mexico].—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:177, pi. 2: fig. 15.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:161. 

Acrochaetium sinicola (Dawson) Papenfuss, 1945:317 ["sinicolum"]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. 

Acrochaetium hancockii (Dawson) Papenfuss 

Rhodochorton hancockii Dawson, 1944:255, pi. 41: figs. 4-6 [type locality: 

Puerto Refugio, Isla Angel de la Guarda, Baja California Norte, 

Mexico]. 

Acrochaetium hancockii (Dawson) Papenfuss, 1945:306.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:178, pi. 2: fig. 16; pi. 4: fig. 33.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:126.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:27, pi. I: fig. 2. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas. 

Acrochaetium liagorae B^rgesen 

Acrochaetium liagorae B0rgesen, 1915:57, figs. 60-62 [type locality: St. 

Croix, Virgin Is.].—Abbott, 1962:100, figs. 8a,d,j, 9.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:126. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN (Balabac I.), SULU: 

Sulu (Cagayan Sulu Is.). 

* Acrochaetium nitidulum Abbott 

Acrochaetium nitidulum Abbott, 1962:95, fig. 6 [type locality: Gnat Reef, 

Balabac I., Palawan Prov.].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:126. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

*Acrochaetium papenfussii Abbott 

Acrochaetium papenfussii Abbott, 1962:97, fig. 7 [type locality: Cagayan 

Sulu I., Palawan Prov.].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:126. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Acrochaetium robustum B</>rgesen 

Acrochaetium robustum B^rgesen, 1915:40, figs. 38-40 [type locality: St. 

Thomas, Virgin Is.].—Cordero, 1977a:38, figs. 13, 14.—Liao and 

Sotto, 1980:98. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Acrochaetium trichogloeae B^rgesen 

Acrochaetium trichogloeae B^rgesen, 1952:13, figs. 6, 7 [type locality: Barkly 

1., Mauritius].—Abbott, 1962:93, figs. bb-i.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:126. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (Cagayan Sulu 

Is.). 

Acrochaetium tuticorinense B^rgesen 

Acrochaetium tuticorinense B0rgesen, 1937:30, figs. 15, 16 [type locality: 

Tuticorin, India].—Abbott, 1962:114, fig. 16.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:126. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN (Balabac I.). 

Order PALMARIALES 

Family PALMARIACEAE 

Palmaria Stackhouse 

Palmaria palmata (Linnaeus) Kuntze 

Fucus palmatus Linnaeus, 1753:1162 [type locality: "in Oceano"]. 

Palmaria palmata (Linnaeus) Kuntze, 1891:909.—Cordero, 1977a: 173; 

1978a:43. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Order NEMALIALES 

Family NEMALIACEAE 

Trichogloea Kutzing 

Trichogloea requienii (Montagne) Kutzing 

Batrachospermum requienii Montagne, 1843b:355 [type locality: Red Sea]. 

Trichogloea requienii (Montagne) Kutzing, 1847a:54.—Cordero, 1977a: 

48, fig. 26, pi. I:c; 1984a:87. 
20 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Quezon. 

Family DERMONEMATACEAE 

Dermonema Harvey ex Heydrich 

Dermonema frappieri (Montagne and Millardet) 

B</>rgesen 

Cladosiphon frappieri Montagne and Millardet, 1862:20, pi. XXVI: fig. 1 

[type locality: Reunion]. 

Dermonema frappieri (Montagne and Millardet) B<£rgesen, 1942:42.— 

Cordero, 1977a:40. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Liagoropsis Yamada 

Liagoropsis schrammii (B<£rgesen) Doty and Abbott 

Nemalion schrammii B</>rgesen, 1909:4, fig. 3, pi. I ["schrammi"] [type 

locality: St. Croix, Virgin Is.] [Helminthocladia schrammi Crouan freres 

in Maze and Schramm, 1878:177, nomen subnudum]. 

Liagoropsis schrammii (B^rgesen) Doty and Abbott, 1964:443 [including 

Philippine record, pages 445-448].—Trono, 1973a: 129, fig. 14.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:152. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Albay, Sorsogon. 

Yamadaella Abbott 

*Yamadaella caenomyce (Decaisne) Abbott 

Liagora caenomyce Decaisne, 1842:119 [type locality: Manila, Luzon].— 

Montagne, 1844a:659.—Martens, 1868:88-89.—J. Agardh, 

1876:518.—Villones and Magdamo, 1968:29, fig. 32—Cornejo and 

Velasquez, 1972:178.—Reyes, 1972:151.—Velasquez et al., 1973:25, 

pi. 9: fig. 44.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:151.—Reyes, 

1980:128, pi. 5: fig. 1.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984b: 125. 

Yamadaella caenomyce (Decaisne) Abbott, 1970:117 ["cenomyce"] [including 

Philippine records].—Cordero, 1977a:48, fig. 16; 1979b:287; 

1980b:43, fig. 7.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:380.—HurtadoPonce, 1983:127. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Batangas, Quezon, Albay. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: 

Oriental Mindoro. PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO (Agono y I.). 

Family HELMINTHOCLADIACEAE 

Helminthocladia J. Agardh 

Helminthocladia australis Harvey 

Helminthocladia australis Harvey, 1863: pi. CCLXXII [type locality: Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia].—Cordero, 1977a:40, fig. 15. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan. 

Liagora Lamouroux 

Liagora boergesenii Yamada 

Liagora boergesenii Yamada, 1938a:ll, figs. 5, 6, pi. 2 [syntype localities: 

Yonakuni-jima, Ryukyu-retto, Japan; Kasho-to, Taiwan].—Reyes, 

1972:151.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:151.—Cordero, 

1977a:43, pi. II:A; 1980b:41.—Reyes, 1980:128, pi. 5: fig. 4. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan, Quezon, CATANDUANES. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN. SULU. 

Liagora canariensis B^rgesen 

Liagora canariensis B<£rgesen, 1927:48, figs. 25-29 [syntype localities: 

Orotava and Santa Cruz, Isla Tenerife, Islas Canarias].—Cordero, 

1977a:43, fig. 18, pi. II:B. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Liagora ceranoides Lamouroux 

Liagora ceranoides Lamouroux, 1816:239 [type locality: St. Thomas, Virgin Is.].—Reyes, 1972:151.—Trono, 1973d:14, pi. 7: fig. 27.—Velasquez et al., 1973:25, pi. 9: fig. 46.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:151.—Cordero, 1976c:6; 1977a:44, figs. 17, 20, 21, pi. I:B; 

1978a: 13; 1979b:287.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:34 ["charoides"].— 

Cordero, 1980b:41, fig. 8.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:98.—Reyes, 

1980:128, pi. 5: fig. 3.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:380.—Trono 

and De Lara, 1981: 11.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:28.—HurtadoPonce, 1983:127.—Cordero, 1984a:87.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:180. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan, Batangas, Quezon, MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. PANAY: Aklan. LEYTE (Biliran I.). NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. 

Liagora ceranoides Lamouroux f. leprosa (J. Agardh) 

Yamada 

Liagora leprosa]. Agardh, 1847:8 [type locality: Veracruz, Mexico]. 

Liagora ceranoides Lamouroux f. leprosa (J. Agardh) Yamada, 1938a:21. 

Domantay, 1962:273. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Liagora divaricata Tseng 

Liagora divaricata Tseng, 1941:268, figs. 2-4 [type locality: TsinglanKang, Wenchang, Hainan, China].—Domantay, 1962:292.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:152—Cordero, 1977a:45, fig. 19, pi. 

HI.B; 1980b:42, fig. 9.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:29, pi. I: fig. 3. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SIQUIJOR. 

Liagora farinosa Lamouroux 

Liagora farinosa Lamouroux, 1816:240 [type locality: Suez, Egypt].— 

Reyes, 1972:151.—Cordero, 1973b:27.—Velasquez et al., 1973:25, pi. 
NUMBER 27 21 

9: fig. 45.—Westernhagen, 1973a:65.; 1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:152.—Cordero, 1976c:8; 1977a:45, figs. 23 -

25, pi. III:A; 1978a: 14.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:13.—Cordero, 

1979b:287; 1980b:43, fig. 10, pi. 27.—Reyes, 1980:128, pi. 5: fig. 2.— 

Trono and Fortes, 1980:69.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Trono and 

De Lara, 1981:11, pi. VII: fig. 4.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:149.— 

Saraya and Trono, 1982:27, pi. II: fig. 4.—Hurtado-Ponce, 

1983:126.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:19, fig. 15; 1984b:125. 

Ganonema farinosum (Lamouroux) Fan and Wang, 1974:492 ["farinosa"].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:380 ["farinosa"]. 

Liagora cheyneana Harvey, 1855:552 ["cheyniana"] [type locality: Cape 

Riche, Western Australia, Australia].—Seale, 1911:309.—Wester, 

1916:159; 1921:224; 1924:21.—G. Blanco, 1938:513.—Quisumbing, 

1951: 1011.—Montilla and Blanco, 1953:166. 

Liagora farinosa Lamouroux var. cheyneana (Harvey) Zaneveld, 1956:45 

[including Philippine records].—Zaneveld, 1959:105. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, La Union, 

Bataan, Batangas, Quezon, CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. LEYTE 

(incl. Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Liagora farinosa was placed in its own genus, 

Ganonema, by Fan and Wang (1974) on the basis of the 

carpogonial branch in that species, which was said to be 

borne on a special short filament rather than directly on an 

ordinary vegetative filament. Abbott (1984), pointing out 

the inconstancy of this character, returned the species to 

Liagora. Liagora cheyneana is included as a synonym on the 

authority of Howe (1920:554). 

Liagora hawaiiana Butters 

Liagora hawaiiana Butters, 1911:169, pi. XXIV: figs. 8, 9 [type locality: 

Laie Point, Koolauloa, Oahu, Hawaiian Is.].—Mefiez, 1961:69, pi. 7: 

figs. 81, 82.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:152. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Liagora japonica Yamada 

Liagora japonica Yamada, 1938a: 16, figs. 9, 10, pi. 4: fig. 1 [syntype 

localities: various, all in Japan].—Domantay, 1962:292.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:152. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Liagora orientalis J. Agardh 

Liagora orientalis]. Agardh, 1896:99 [type locality: Sri Lanka].—Cordero, 

1977a:47.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:380.—Saraya and Trono, 

1982:27. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. CATANDUANES. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Liagora robusta Yamada 

Liagora robusta Yamada, 1938a:8, figs. 3, 4, pi. 12: fig. 1 [syntype localities: 

Chichi-jima and Haha-jima, Ogasawara-gunto (Bonin Is.), Japan].— 

Cordero, 1977a:47, fig. 20. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. LEYTE. 

Liagora segawae Yamada 

Liagora segawae Yamada, 1938a: 18, figs. 11, 12, pi. 5, ["segawai"] [syntype 

localities: Chichi-jima, Ogasawara-gunto (Bonin Is.), and Okinawa-jima, 

Ryukyu-retto, Japan].—Cordero, 1973b:27. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

Liagora setchellii Yamada 

Liagora setchellii Yamada, 1938a: 13, figs. 7, 8, pi. 3: fig. 2 [syntype 

localities: Ogasawara-gunto (Bonin Is.) and Ryukyu-retto, Japan; Kashoto, Taiwan].—Saraya and Trono, 1982:28, pi. I: fig. 4. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Liagora tenuis J. Agardh 

Liagora tenuis]. Agardh, 1896:101 [syntype localities: West Indies; Florida, USA].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:380. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Liagora valida Harvey 

Liagora valida Harvey, 1853:138, pi. XXXL A [type locality: Sand Key, 

Florida, USA].—Velasquez et al., 1973:26, pi. 9: fig. 47.—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1981:380. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. CENTRAL 

VISAYAS. 

Order BONNEMAISONIALES 

Family BONNEMAISONIACEAE 

Asparagopsis Montagne 

Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Trevisan 

Fucus taxiformis Delile, 1813:151, 295, pi. 57: fig. 2 [type locality: Alexandria, Egypt]. 

Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Trevisan, 1845:45.—Velasquez, 1971:446, 

fig. 27.—Trono and Bina, 1973:2.—Cordero, 1976c:8; 1977a:69, pi. 

XI:B; 1978a:20; 1979b:276; 1980b:44.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:69.— 

Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:14, pi. IX: fig. 

2.—Calumpong, 1982:145.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:32, pi. Ill: fig. 

3.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:149.—Cordero, 1984a:92. 

Dasya delilei Montagne, 1841 [1839-1842]: 166, pi. 8: fig. 6. 

Asparagopsis delilei (Montagne) Montagne, 1841 [1839-1842]:xrv.— 

Montagne, 1844a:662.—Kutzing, 1849:802.—J. Agardh, 1852 [1851 -

1863]:776.—Montagne, 1856:428.—Martens, 1868:98-99.—Dickie, 

1874a: 192.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:128. 

Asparagopsis sanfordiana Harvey, 1855:544 [syntype localities: Garden I. 

and Rottnest I., Western Australia, Australia].—Quisumbing, 

1951:1007. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasi-
22 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

nan, Quezon, MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), 

Oriental Mindoro. PANAY: Aklan, Antique, NEGROS: Negros 

Oriental (incl. Apo I.), CEBU (Sumilon I.). PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Asparagopsis sanfordiana 

and A. taxiformis was proposed by J. Feldmann and G. 

Feldmann (1943:81). Dasya delilei Montagne is a superfluous and hence illegitimate substitute name (orFucus taxiformis Delile. 

Family GALAXAURACEAE 

An explanation of the replacement of Chaetangiaceae by 

Galaxauraceae is given in the appended Nomenclatural 

Notes. 

quent workers, notably Howe, Bc/>rgesen, Chou, and Papenfuss. The greatest reduction of species is to be found in the 

monograph by Papenfuss, Mshigeni, and Chiang (1982). 

Many taxonomic decisions incorporated in that paper do 

not agree with those of previous workers. In none of these 

investigations has static comparative morphology been supported by culture studies. In a recent paper, Magruder 

(1984) determined by culture studies that G. oblongata had 

a life cycle involving a small filamentous tetrasporophyte. 

Magruder's discovery, while not affecting this catalog directly, emphasizes the need to broaden the scope of taxonomic study in Galaxaura. Meanwhile, the taxonomic scheme 

of Papenfuss, Mshigeni, and Chiang provides a useful framework. 

Actinotrichia Decaisne 

Actinotrichia fragilis (Forsskal) B</>rgesen 

Fucus fragilis Forsskal, 1775:190 [type locality: Mokha, Yemen]. 

Actinotrichia fragilis (Forsskal) B^rgesen, 1932:6.—Villones and Magdamo, 1968:28, fig. 24.—Reyes, 1972:152.—Trono and Bina, 

1973:2.—Cordero, 1973b:28.—Westernhagen, 1973a:64.—Ortega, 

Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:186-188 (tables 2-4) ["fragilissima"].—Trono, 

1974b:84.—Westernhagen, 1974:112 (table I).—Cordero, 1975:272, 

figs. 2, 3.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:126.—Cordero, 

1977a:50, figs. 28, 202, pi. IV:A.—Tron o and Young, 1977:59.— 

Trono, 1978:15.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:14.—Cordero, 

1979b:287.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:35.—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:98.—Fortes, 1981b:396.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:380.— 

Trono and De Lara, 1981:13.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:31, pi. Ill: 

fig. 2.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:127.—Cordero, 1984a:88; 1984b:63; 

1984c:54.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:22, fig. 17. 

Galaxaura rigida Lamouroux, 1816:265, pi. VIII: fig. 4 [type locality: "la 

mer des Indes"]. 

Actinotrichia rigida (Lamouroux) Decaisne, 1842:118.—Montagne, 

1844a:659.—Dickie, 1874a: 196.—Dickie, 1876a:244.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:126. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Cavite (Corregidor I.), Batangas, Quezon, Manila Bay. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. MASBATE. SAMAR: Western Samar, Eastern Samar. 

LEYTE (incl. Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros 

Oriental, CEBU (incl. Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Davao. PALAWAN, SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by B^rgesen 

(1932:6). 

Galaxaura Lamouroux 

Kjellman (1900), using anatomy as a primary criterion, 

recognized 62 species of Galaxaura, 47 of which were new. 

Certain sections and subsections contained only tetrasporophytes or only sexual plants. Efforts to match tetrasporophytes with sexual plants and otherwise to reduce the 

number of recognized species have been made by subseGalaxaura apiculata Kjellman 

Galaxaura apiculata Kjellman, 1900:74, pi. 12: figs. 13-26; pi. 20: fig. 36 

[type locality: Ski, Japan].—Chou, 1945:51, pi. V: figs. 13-19; pi. IX: 

fig. 1.—Mefiez, 1961:71, pi. 7: figs. 69-72.—Trono and Santiago, 

1970:73. pi. Ill: figs. 3-7.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:178.— 

Trono, 1974b:85.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:144.—Saraya 

and Trono, 1982:29, pi. II: fig. 2. 

Galaxaura acuminata Kjellman ex Butters, 1911:180, pi. XXIV: figs. 17-

19 [type locality: Waianae, Oahu, Hawaiian Is.].—Cordero, 1977a:52, 

fig. 31, pi. IX:A.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:36.—Cordero, 1984a:88. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Batangas. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: 

Eastern Samar. LEYTE (incl. Biliran I.), SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Chou 

(1945:51). 

Galaxaura arborea Kjellman 

Galaxaura arborea Kjellman, 1900:72, pi. 11: figs. 1-11; pi. 20: fig. 39 

[type locality: Australia].—Chou, 1945:50, pi. V: figs. 1-5; pi. X: figs. 

1, 2.—Mefiez, 1961:70, pi. 7: figs. 76, 78.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:144.—Cordero, 1976c:8; 1977a:54, fig. 29, pi. X:A; 

1978a: 15.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:380.—Hurtado-Ponce, 

1983:128.—Cordero, 1984a:88. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Dalupiri I.), Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Galaxaura contigua Kjellman 

Galaxaura contigua Kjellman, 1900:78, pi. 17: figs. 1-14; pi. 20: fig. 23 

[type locality: Hawaiian Is.].—Cordero, 1977a:54, fig. 36, pi. VIILc; 

1984a:89. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, SAMAR: Eastern Samar. 

Galaxaura falcata Kjellman 

Galaxaura falcata Kjellman, 1900:73, pi. 11: figs. 12-21; pi. 12: figs. 1-

4; pi. 20: fig. 33 [type locality: Enoshima, Kanagawa Prefecture, 
NUMBER 27 23 

Japan].—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 1974:112 (table I).—Cordero, 

1977a:57, fig. 32, pi. X:B.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:128.—Cordero, 

1984a:89. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Galaxaura fasciculata Kjellman 

Galaxaura fasciculata Kjellman, 1900:53, pi. 5: figs. 1-9. pi. 20: fig. 14 

[type locality: Celebes, Indonesia].—Chou, 1945:44, pi. II: fig. 2; pi. 

VIII: fig. 1.—Trono and Santiago, 1970:73, pi. Ill: fig. 2; pi. IV: fig. 

1.—Reyes, 1972:1 52.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:186, 188.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:144.—Cordero, 1976c: 10; 

1977a:57, fig. 33, pi. VI:B. — Cordero, 1978a: 16.—Trono, 1978:15.— 

Trono and Tuason, 1978:14—Cordero, 1979b:288.—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:98.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:380. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Manila, Quezon, CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. LEYTE. PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros 

Oriental, CEBU (incl. Mactan I.). MINDANAO: Davao. PALAWAN (incl. Culion I.). 

Galaxaura filamentosa Chou 

Galaxaura filamentosa Chou in W.R. Taylor, 1945:139 [type locality: Isla 

Clarion, Islas Revillagigedo, Mexico].—Cordero, 1976c: 10; 1977a:58, 

fig. 35, pi. IV:B; 1978a:17; 1984a:90. 

Galaxaura rudis [misapplied name].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:380. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Quezon, SAMAR: Eastern Samar. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

SIQUIJOR. 

NOTE.—Chou (1945:39) noted that certain records of 

Galaxaura rudis from China and Japan were representative 

of her new species, G. filamentosa. Cordero (1977a:58; 

1978a: 17), apparently misinterpreting Chou, listed G. rudis 

Kjellman (1900:43, pi. 2: figs. 1-9; pi. 20: fig. 11) as a 

taxonomic synonym of G. filamentosa. According to Papenfuss, Mshigeni, and Chiang (1982:407), G. rudis is a taxonomic synonym of G. lapidescens (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux. 

*Galaxaura kjellmanii Weber-van Bosse 

Galaxaura kjellmanii Weber-van Bosse, 1921:217, fig. 66 [type locality: 

North Ubian I., Sulu Archipelago].—Cordero, 1973b:29.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:145.—Cordero, 1977a:60, fig. 38, pi. IX:C— 

Puig and Cordero, 1979:36.—Cordero, 1984a:90. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos 

Norte, LEYTE (Biliran I.), SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.). 

NOTE.—According to Puig and Cordero (1979:36), part 

or all of the treatment of Galaxaura elongata by Cordero 

(1977a) applies to G. kjellmanii. 

Galaxaura marginata (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux 

Corallina marginata Ellis and Solander, 1786:115, pi. 22: fig. 6 [type 

locality: Bahama Is.]. 

Galaxaura marginata (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux, 1816:264.—Papenfuss, Mshigeni, and Chiang, 1982:411, 415. 

Galaxaura clavigera Kjellman, 1900:76, pi. 13: figs. 1-13; pi. 20: fig. 25 

[type locality: Lasgori (Las Khoreh), Somalia].—Cordero, 1976c:9; 

1978a: 15. 

Galaxaura tenera Kjellman, 1900:77, pi. 14: figs. 10-19; pi. 20: fig. 32 

[type locality: Mombasa, Kenya].—Cordero, 1977a:67, fig. 45, pi. IX:B; 

1984a:91. 

Galaxaura veprecula Kjellman, 1900:80, pi. 16: figs. 17-33; pi. 20: fig. 32 

[type locality: Malagasy Republic].—Chou, 1947:16, pi. VI: figs. 1-8; 

pi. XII: fig. 1.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:145.—Cordero, 

1976c:8, 9; 1978a: 19. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Dalupiri I.). MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. MINDANAO: Surigao. 

NOTE.—This synonymy was proposed by Papenfuss, 

Mshigeni, and Chiang (1982:41). 

Galaxaura oblongata (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux 

Corallina oblongata Ellis and Solander, 1786:114, pi. 22: fig. 1 [type 

locality: West Indies]. 

Galaxaura oblongata (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux, 1816:262.—Chou, 

1947:7, pis. II, III, IX.—Villones and Magdamo, 1968:28, fig. 26.— 

Trono and Santiago, 1970:76, pi. I: figs. 1-12; pi. IV: figs. 4-6.— 

Velasquez, 1971:446, fig. 26.—Reyes, 1972:152.—Velasquez et al., 

1973:26, pi. 10: fig. 48.—Westernhagen, 1973a:65.—Ortega, Alcala, 

and Reyes, 1974:187, 188.—Trono, 1974b:85.—Westernhagen, 

1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:145.—Cordero, 1976c:9, 10; 1977a:60, fig. 34, pis. V:B, VII:B.—Trono and 

Young, 1977:59.—Trono, 1978:15.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:14.— 

Cordero, 1979b:276, 288.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:36.—Liao and 

Sotto, 1980:98.—Reyes, 1980:128, pi. 5: fig. 5.—Trono and GanzonFortes, 1980:61, fig. [s.n.].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:380.— 

Trono and De Lara, 1981:12, pi. VIII: figs. 1, 3.—Montafio, Laserna, 

and Cajipe, 1982:39.—Papenfuss, Mshigeni, and Chiang, 1982:415, 

418.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:29, pi. II: fig. 3.—Hurtado-Ponce, 

1983:129.—Cordero, 1984a:90; 1984b:64.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:24, fig. 18. 

Corallina cylindrica Ellis and Solander, 1786:114, pi. 22: fig. 4 [type 

locality: West Indies]. 

Galaxaura cylindrica (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux, 1821:22.—Chou, 

1947:5, pi. I; pi. VIII: fig. 1.—Velasquez et al., 1973:26, pi. 10: fig. 

50.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:144.—Cordero, 1979b:276. 

* Galaxaura fastigiata Decaisne, 1842:116 [lectotype locality: Manila, Luzon 

fide Svedelius, 1945:32.].—Montagne, 1844a:659.—Martens, 

1868:86-87.—Dickie, 1874a:195.—Grunow, 1874:37.—Kjellman, 

1900:64, pi. 9: figs. 1-3.—De Toni, 1924:126.—Howe, 1932:169.— 

Domantay, 1962:289.—De Leon and Domantay, 1971:5, 8.—Velasquez et al., 1973:26, pi. 10: fig. 49.—Cordero, 1973b:28.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:145.—Cordero, 1976c:8; 1978a: 16.—Reyes, 

1980:129, pi. 5: fig. 6.—Cordero, 1984a:89. 

Galaxaura constipata Kjellman, 1900:63, pi. 8: figs. 29-33 ; pi. 20: fig. 5 

[type locality: Veracruz, Mexico].—Mefiez, 1961:70.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:144. 

Galaxaura dimorpha Kjellman, 1900:63, pi. 8: figs. 23-28; pi. 20: fig. 3 

[type locality: Timor, Indonesia].—Mefiez, 1961:70, pi. 7: figs. 65-68, 

73-75.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:144. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan, Zambales, Bataan, Batangas, Quezon, Albay, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Ori-
24 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

ental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. SAMAR: Northern Samar, 

Western Samar, Eastern Samar. LEYTE (incl. Biliran I.). 

PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU (incl. Mactan 

I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Surigao, Misamis Oriental. PALAWAN, SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Papenfuss, 

Mshigeni, and Chiang (1982:415). Svedelius (1945:32) selected Cuming 2241 as the lectotype collection of Galaxaura 

fastigiata. Kjellman (1900:65) stated that this specimen was 

from the Moluccas, an error that originated with Decaisne 

(1842:116), who wrote "Hab. in Moluccis (Manilla)". 

Galaxaura obtusata (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux 

Galaxaura cuculligera Kjellman, 1900:58, pi. 6: figs. 22-30; pi. 20: fig. 30 

[type locality: Goto, Japan].—Cordero, 1976c:9. 

Galaxaura pacifica Tanaka, 1935:55, figs. 5, 6, pi. 17: fig. 2 [syntype 

localities: Haha-jima, Ogasawara-gunto [Bonin Is.], Japan; Garan-bi, 

Taiwan].—Cordero, 1976c:8, 9; 1977a:63; 1978a:18. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.). CEBU 

(incl. Mactan I.). PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Papenfuss, 

Mshigeni, and Chiang (1982:421-422). According to Puig 

and Cordero (1979:36), part or all of the treatment of 

Galaxaura elongata by Cordero (1977a) applies to G. kjellCorallina obtusata Ellis and Solander, 1786:113, pi. 22: fig. 2 [type locality: 

Bahama Is.]. 

Galaxaura obtusata (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux, 1816:262.—Trono 

and Santiago, 1970:74, pi. II; pi. IV: fig. 2.—Cordero, 1977a:62, fig. 

37, pi. VIII:A,B; 1978a: 17.—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:15, fig. 15.— 

Cordero, 1984a:90. 

Tubularia umbellata Esper, [1805-1812]: 125, pi. Tubularia XVII [type 

locality: probably West Indies; see Note]. 

Galaxaura umbellata (Esper) Lamouroux, 1816:262.—Chou, 1947:14, pi. 

V; pi. XI: fig. 1.—Trono and Santiago, 1970:75, pi. I: figs. 13-20.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:145. 

Galaxaura robusta Kjellman, 1900:85, pi. 18: figs. 19-32; pi. 20: fig. 42 

[type locality: Nosy-Be, Malagasy Republic].—Cordero, 1978a: 19.— 

Liao and Sotto, 1980:98.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:380. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Manila, Cavite, Batangas. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Papenfuss, 

Mshigeni, and Chiang (1982:418). For the provenance of 

Tubularia umbellata, Esper wrote: "gleichfalls in den ostindischen Gewassern." Because "gleichfalls" (i.e., "likewise") 

refers to T. obtusata, which is from the West Indies, it seems 

likely that "ostindischen' was an error for '"westindischen." 

Galaxaura rugosa (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux 

Corallina rugosa Ellis and Solander, 1786:115, pi. 22: fig. 3 [type locality: 

Jamaica]. 

Galaxaura rugosa (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux, 1816:263.—Chou, 

1947:13, pi. IV: figs. 12, 13; pi. X: fig. 2.—Cordero, 1977a:63, fig. 39, 

pi. VI:A. 

Galaxaura elongata]. Agardh, 1876:529 [syntype localities: Tonga; northeastern Australia].—Cordero, 1973b:28; 1976c:9, 10.; 1977a:54, figs. 

30, 37, pi. V:A, pi. VLc; 1978a: 15.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:98.— 

Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:128.—Cordero, 1984a:89; 1984b:64.—MarcosAgngarayngay, 1984a:24, fig. 19. 

Galaxaura squalida Kjellman, 1900:55, pi. 6: figs. 1-12; pi. 20: fig. 9 [type 

locality: St. Croix, Virgin Is.].—Chou, 1947:9, pi. IV: figs. 1-11; pi. 

VIII: fig. 2.—Domantay, 1962:290.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:145. 

Galaxaura glabriuscula Kjellman, 1900:56, pi. 7: figs. 1, ?; pi. 20: fig. 26 

[type locality: Tahiti).—Puig and Cordero, 1979:36. 

Galaxaura striata Kjellman 

Galaxaura striata Kjellman, 1900:66, pi. 9: figs. 18-38; pi. 20: fig. 7 [type 

locality: Marquesas Is.].—Cordero, 1977a:64, figs. 40-42, pi. IV:c. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Galaxaura subfruticulosa Chou 

Galaxaura subfruticulosa Chou in W.R. Taylor, 1945:140 [type locality: 

Isla Clarion, Islas Revillagigedo, Mexico].—Domantay, 1962:290.— 

Cordero, 1973b:29; 1976c:9; 1977a:65, fig. 44, pi. V:c; 1978a: 18; 

1979b:289.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:36.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:380.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:30, pi. Ill: fig. 1 .—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:25, fig. 20. 

Galaxaura fruticulosa Kjellman, 1900:51, pi. 4: figs. 4-16; pi. 20: fig. 19 

[type locality: Nomo-zaki, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan] [intended nomenclatural synonym].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:145. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan, Quezon, SAMAR: Western Samar, Eastern Samar. 

LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. 

NOTE.—Chou intended to propose a new name for Galaxaura fruticulosa Kjellman, a later homonym of G. fruticulosa (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux (1816:264), but designated a new type and thus effectively published a new 

species. Whether G. fruticulosa and G. subfruticulosa are 

conspecific remains to be determined. 

Galaxaura subverticillata Kjellman 

Galaxaura subverticillata Kjellman, 1900:48, pi. 3: figs. 12-14; pi. 20: fig. 

17 [type locality: St. Croix, Virgin Is.].—Chou, 1945:45, pi. II: fig. 1; 

pi. VIII: fig. 2—Tron o and Santiago, 1970:74, pi. Ill: fig. 1; pi. IV: 

fig. 3.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:145.—Cordero, 1977a:65, 

fig. 47, pi. VII:A.—Pui g and Cordero, 1979:37.—Trono and De Lara, 

1981:13, pi. VIII: fig. 2.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:30, pi. II: fig. 1. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. 

SAMAR: Eastern Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.). 
NUMBER 27 25 

Scinaia Bivona-Bernardi 

Scinaia hormoides Setchell 

Scinaia hormoides Setchell, 1914:106, 125, pi. 12: figs. 33-35; pi. 13: figs. 

36, 37 [including Philippine record] [type locality: Haleiwa, Oahu, 

Hawaiian Is.].—De Toni, 1924:101.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:163.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:69.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:31. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: La Union, Pangasinan. 

Scinaia latifrons Howe 

Scinaia latifrons Howe, 1911:500, fig. 1, pi. 28 [type locality: La Paz, Baja 

California Sur, Mexico].—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:16. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cavite. 

Scinaia moniliformis J. Agardh 

Scinaia moniliformis]. Agardh, 1885:72 [type locality: Port Phillip, Victoria, Australia].—Cordero, 1977a:68, fig. 46, pi. XI:A; 1980b:44, pi. 28; 

1982a:61, fig. 9; 1984a:9L—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:21, fig. 

16.—Tungpalan, 1984:140. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Cagayan, Quezon. 

Order GELIDIALES 

Family GELIDIACEAE 

Beckerella Kylin 

*Beckerella scalaramosa Kraft 

Beckerella scalaramosa Kraft, 1976:85, figs. 1-15 [type locality: Bulusan, 

Sorsogon Prov., Luzon]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

NOTE.—Th e type collection of Beckerella scalaramosa had 

previously been recorded as Beckerella ["Becherella"] sp. by 

Trono (1973a: 130, figs. 18, 19). 

Gelidiella Feldmann and Hamel 

Gelidiella acerosa (Forsskal) Feldmann and Hamel 

Fucus acerosus Forsskal, 1775:190 [type locality: Mokha, Yemen]. 

Gelidiella acerosa (Forsskal) Feldmann and Hamel, 1934:533.—Domantay, 

1962:290.—Galutira and Velasquez, 1964:502, pi. 3: figs. 9a,b; pi. 7: 

fig. 28.—Velasquez, 1971:446, fig. 28.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 

1972:179.—Reyes, 1972:152.—Trono, 1972a: 103.—Velasquez, 

1972:63.—Cordero, 1973b:29.—Trono, 1973d: 15, pi. 7: fig. 26.— 

Trono and Bina, 1973:3.—Velasquez et al., 1973:27.—Westernhagen, 

1973a:65.—De Leon, 1974:31, 33, photo [s.n.], fig. [s.n.].—Ortega, 

Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:187, 188.—Westernhagen, 1974:112 (table 

I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:145.—Cordero, 1976c:9, 10; 

1977a:70; 1978a:20.—Tahil, 1978:52.—Cordero, 1979b:276.—Garcia, 1979:45 (table 1).—Puig and Cordero, 1979:37.—Velasquez, 

1979b:230.—Cordero, 1980b:45, pi. 29.—Fortes and Trono. 

1980:59.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:98.—Reyes, 1980:129, pi. 6: fig. 1.— 

Trono and Fortes, 1980:70.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:63, fig. 

[s.n.].—Velasquez, 1980:127.—Chan, 1981:387.—Ganzon-Fortes, 

1981:22.—Guzman, 1981:42, 45, 50.—Laserna et al., 1981:443.— 

Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:380.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:14, pi. 

IX: fig. 4.—Calumpong, 1982:145.—Cordero, 1982a:60, 61, fig. 12.— 

Saraya and Trono, 1982:32.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:150.—HurtadoPonce, 1983:129.—Cordero, 1984a:92; 1984c:54.—Hurtado-Ponce, 

1984:180.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:27, fig. 21 (captions for figs. 

21 and 22 interchanged); 1984b: 125.—Tungpalan, 1984:140.—Trono 

and Ganzon-Fortes, 1985:67. 

Fucus rigidus Vahl, 1802:46 [type locality: St. Croix, Virgin Is.]. 

Sphaerococcus rigidus C. Agardh, 1822a:285. 

Gelidium rigidum (C. Agardh) Greville, 1830:lvii.—Martens, 1868:92-

93.—Dickie, 1876a:243, 244.—Howe, 1932:169.—Zaneveld, 1956: 

34.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:145. 

Gelidiopsis rigida (C. Agardh) Weber-van Bosse, 1904a: 104 ["rigidum"].— 

Zaneveld, 1959:116.—Cordero, 1976c:9, 10; 1977a:122; 1978a:22. 

Fucus spiniformis Lamouroux, 1805:77, pi. XXXVI: figs. 3, 4 ["spinaeformis"] [syntype localities: Malagasy Republic; Mauritius]. 

Gelidium spiniforme (Lamouroux) Lamouroux, 1813:129.—Montagne, 

1844a:662.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:145. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Batangas, Quezon, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MASBATE. SAMAR: Western 

Samar, Eastern Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan, 

Capiz. GUIMARAS. NEGROS: Negros Occidental (incl. Ilacaon 

I., Suyac I.), Negros Oriental, CEBU (incl. Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Surigao del Sur, Zamboanga. PALAWAN, 

SULU: Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Fucus rigidus Vahl, the intended basionym of 

Gelidium rigidum (and other combinations), is a later homonym of F. rigidus Turra (1780:68) and hence not priorable. 

Sphaerococcus rigidus C. Agardh is treated as a nomen novum in accordance with Article 72, Note 1, of the ICBN. 

Fucus spiniformis is included as a synonym on the authority 

of C. Agardh (1822a:285), Sphaerococcus rigidus on the 

authority of B^rgesen (1932:5). 

Gelidiella adnata Dawson 

Gelidiella adnata Dawson, 1954b:4 [type locality: Nha Trang, Vietnam].—Fortes and Trono, 1980:58.—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Gelidiella taylorii Joly 

Gelidiella taylorii Joly, 1957:102, fig. 1, pi. IX: figs. 5, 5a; pi. XII: fig. 3 

["taylori"] [type locality: Sao Vicinte, Sao Paulo, Brazil].—Westernhagen, 1973a:65. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 
26 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Gelidium Lamouroux 

Gelidium amansii (Lamouroux) Lamouroux 

Fucus amansii Lamouroux, 1805:48, pi. XXVI: figs. 2-5 [syntype localities: Malagasy Republic; Mauritius]. 

Gelidium amansii (Lamouroux) Lamouroux, 1813:129.—Martens, 

1868:94-95.—Zaneveld, 1956:34; 1959:115. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Gelidium crinale (Turner) Gaillon 

var. perpusillum Piccone et Grunow 

Gelidium crinale (Turner) Gaillon var. perpusillum Piccone et Grunow in 

Piccone, 1884a:317 ["perpusilla"] [type locality: Massawa, Ethiopia].— 

Trono, 1973a: 131.—Cordero, 1977a:72, fig. 49, pi. XXV c—Fortes, 

198 lb:396.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Gelidium capense (S.G. Gmelin) P.C. Silva, 

new combination 

Fucus capensis S.G. Gmelin, 1768:157, pi. XVII: fig. 1 [type locality: Cape 

of Good Hope, South Africa]. 

Gelidium cartilagineum [misapplied name fide Dixon, 1967].—J. Agardh, 

1852 [1851-1863]:473.—De Toni, 1897:152 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

NOTE.—This species, which is common at wave-swept 

sites on cold-water shores of South Africa, probably does 

not occur in the Philippines. Dixon (1967) showed that 

Fucus cartilagineus Linnaeus (1753:1161), a name traditionally applied to this species, should be typified with a specimen referable to Plocamium. Fucus capensis and F. versicolor 

S.G. Gmelin (1768:158, pi. XVII: fig. 2) have long been 

considered conspecific with the alga traditionally called 

Gelidium cartilagineum (Linnaeus) Gaillon (see Turner, 

1809:138 and J. Agardh 1852 [1851-1863]:473). With the 

removal of Fucus cartilagineus from consideration, Dixon 

(1967:58) adopted Gelidium versicolor (S.G. Gmelin) Lamouroux (1813:129) as the correct name for the South 

African alga. Fucus versicolor, however, is a superfluous 

name for F. abrotanifolius Linnaeus (1753:1161), which 

Gmelin cited as a synomym, and hence is illegitimate. (Fucus 

abrotanifolius is referable to Cystoseira.) The earliest available basionym for the South African alga thus appears to 

be Fucus capensis S.G. Gmelin. 

Gelidium coulteri Harvey 

Gelidium coulteri Harvey, 1853:117 [type locality: Monterey Peninsula, 

California, USA].— Olea and De Leon, 1956:104. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Gelidium crinale (Turner) Gaillon 

Fucus crinalis Turner, 1815 [1815-1819]:4, pi. 198: figs, a-c, e-g [syntype 

localities: England; Northern Ireland]. 

Gelidium crinale (Turner) Gaillon, 1828:362.—Trono and Fortes, 1980: 

70.—Fortes, 198 lb:396.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Calumpong, 

1982:145.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:150. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—NEGROS: Negros Occidental 

(Ilacaon I.), Negros Oriental (incl. Apo I.), CEBU (incl. 

Pescador I.). 

Gelidium divaricatum Martens 

Gelidium divaricatum Martens, 1868:30, pi. VIII: fig. 4 [type locality: 

Hong Kong].—Cordero, 1977a:73; 1978a:23. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Gelidium isabelae W.R. Taylor 

Gelidium isabelae W.R. Taylor, 1945:154, pi. 5: figs. 8-12 [type locality: 

Isla Isabela, Galapagos].—Cordero, 1977a:73, fig. 50; 1978a:23. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Gelidium kintaroi Yamada 

Gelidium clavatum Okamura, 1934:61, pi. 28; pi. 32: figs. 4-6 [syntype 

localities: Hoko-to (P'eng-hu), Taiwan; Amoy, China] [replaced 

name].—Cordero, 1977a:72, fig. 48. 

Gelidium kintaroi Yamada, 1941a:201. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CATANDUANES. MINDORO: 

Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Gelidium kintaroi is a substitute name for G. 

clavatum Okamura, a later homonym of G. clavatum (Lamouroux) Lamouroux (1813:129). 

Gelidium pulchellum (Turner) Kutzing 

Fucus corneus Hudson var. pulchellus Turner, 1819 [1815-1819]: 146, pi. 

257: fig. p [syntype localities: Bantry Bay, Eire; Sidmouth and Isle of 

Portland, England]. 

Gelidium pulchellum (Turner) Kutzing, 1868:18.—Domantay, 

1962:290.—De Leon and Domantay, 1971:5, 10.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:145.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:70.—Ganzon-Fortes, 

1981:22.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:150. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas. 

Gelidium pusillum (Stackhouse) Le Jolis 

Fucus pusillus Stackhouse, 1795 [1795-1801]: 16, pi. vi [type locality: 

Sidmouth, Devonshire, England]. 

Acrocarpus pusillus (Stackhouse) Kutzing, 1849:762.—Martens, 1868:30, 

92-93.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:126. 

Gelidium pusillum (Stackhouse) Le Jolis, 1863:139.—Trono, 1973d: 15.— 

Cordero, 1977a:74, fig. 51.—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:16.—Reyes, 

1980:130, pi. 6: fig. 5.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:70.—Fortes, 
NUMBER 27 27 

198 lb: 396.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:381.—Calumpong, 1982:145.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:32.— 

Trono and Fortes, 1982:150. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Cavite. 

MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. NEGROS: Negros Occidental, 

Negros Oriental (incl. Apo I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. PALAWAN. 

Gelidium pusillum (Stackhouse) Le Jolis 

var. pacificum W.R. Taylor 

Gelidium pusillum (Stackhouse) Le Jolis var. pacificum W.R. Taylor, 

1945:153, pi. 5: fig. 7; pi. 33: fig. 1 [type locality: Isla Santa Maria, 

Galapagos].—Cordero, 1977a:74. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Gelidium rigens (C. Agardh) Greville ex Kutzing 

Sphaerococcus rigens C. Agardh, 1822a:332 [type locality: Sea of Japan]. 

Gelidium rigens (C. Agardh) Greville ex Kutzing, 1849:767.—Martens, 

1868:94-95.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:145.—Trono and 

Fortes, 1980:70.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Trono and Fortes, 1982: 

150. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Pterocladia J. Agardh 

Pterocladia caloglossoides (Howe) Dawson 

Gelidium caloglossoides Howe, 1914:96, pi. 34: fig. 7; pi. 35 [type locality: 

Isla San Lorenzo, Peru]. 

Pterocladia caloglossoides (Howe) Dawson, 1953:76, pi. 6: fig. 1. 

Pterocladia parva Dawson, 1953:77, pi. 6: fig. 2 [type locality: San Felipe, 

Baja California Norte, Mexico).—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.— 

Calumpong, 1982:147. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—NEGROS: Negros Oriental 

(incl. Apo I.), CEBU (Sumilon I.). 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Pterocladia parva and P. 

caloglossoides was proposed by Stewart and Norris 

(1981:281). The generic position of P. caloglossoides, however, is uncertain. Cystocarpic plants have not been reported from the type locality (Peru). On the basis of cystocarpic material from Mexico, Dawson transferred the species to Pterocladia, but abandoned this stance when treating 

the seaweeds of Peru (Dawson, Acleto, and Foldvik, 

1964:37). 

Pterocladia capillacea (S.G. Gmelin) Bornet 

Fucus capillaceus S.G. Gmelin, 1768:146, pi. XV: fig. 1 [type locality: 

Mediterranean Sea]. 

Pterocladia capillacea (S.G. Gmelin) Bornet in Bornet and Thuret, 

1876:57, pi. XX: figs. 1-7.—Cordero, 1977a:75.—Hurtado-Ponce, 

1983:130. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Pterocladia densa Okamura 

Pterocladia densa Okamura, 1934:63, pi. 30: figs. 1, 2; pi. 33: figs. 4- 8 

[syntype localities: various, all in Japan].—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:130. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Pterocladia nana Okamura 

Pterocladia nana Okamura, 1931 [1929-1932]:53, pi. CCLXXVIII: figs. 

1-14 [syntype localities: various, all in Japan].—Cordero, 1977a:75, fig. 

52. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan. 

Order CRYPTONEMIALES 

Family ENDOCLADIACEAE 

Gloiopeltis J. Agardh 

Gloiopeltis complanata (Harvey) Yamada 

Endocladia complanata Harvey, 1860a:333 [type locality: Shimoda, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. 

Gloiopeltis complanata (Harvey) Yamada, 1932a:117.—Cordero, 

1977a:114. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Gloiopeltis tenax (Turner) Decaisne 

Fucus tenax Turner, 1806:376, pi. 13 [type locality: China Sea]. 

Gloiopeltis tenax (Turner) Decaisne, 1842:360.—De Leon, 1974:31, 32, 

photo [s.n.].—Cordero, 1977a: 114, fig. 90. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—This species is traditionally accredited to 

(Turner) J. Agardh, the combination supposedly having 

been made at the time the generic name was proposed (J. 

Agardh, 1842:68, footnote). Agardh, however, merely referred to "Typo Fuco tenaci Turn. tab. 125," and the combination was not made until a few months later, by Decaisne. 

Family PEYSSONNELIACEAE 

Peyssonnelia Decaisne 

Peyssonnelia calcea Heydrich 

Peyssonnelia calcea Heydrich, 1897a: 10 [type locality: Tami I., Papua New 

Guinea].—Domantay, 1962:293.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:159. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Peyssonnelia conchicola Piccone and Grunow 

Peyssonnelia conchicola Piccone and Grunow in Piccone, 1884a:317, pi. 

VII: figs. 5-8 [type locality: Massawa, Ethiopia].—Weber-van Bosse, 

1921:272.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:159. 
28 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

I.). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Sangasiapu 

Peyssonnelia distenta (Harvey) Yamada 

Galaxaura distenta Harvey, 1860a:331 [type locality: O-shima, Amamigunto, Japan]. 

Peyssonnelia distenta (Harvey) Yamada, 1930b:30, pi. VI: fig. 7.—Cordero, 

1976c:9; 1977a:78, figs. 57, 58, pi. XIILA ; 1978a:24; 1984a:93. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte. 

*Peyssonnelia evae Weber-van Bosse 

Peyssonnelia evae Weber-van Bosse, 1921:279, fig. 95 [type locality: Pearl 

Bank, Tawitawi Prov., Sulu Archipelago].—De Toni, 1924:593.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:159. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

* Peyssonnelia foveolata (Weber-van Bosse) Denizot 

Cruoriella foveolata Weber-van Bosse, 1921:294, figs. 105, 106 [syntype 

localities: Muaras Reef, East Kalimantan, Indonesia; North Ubian I. and 

Pearl Bank, Sulu Archipelago].—De Toni, 1924:588.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:138. 

Peyssonnelia foveolata (Weber-van Bosse) Denizot, 1968:113, 310. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

^Peyssonnelia indica (Weber-van Bosse) Denizot 

Cruoriella indica Weber-van Bosse, 1921:283, figs. 97 [syntype localities: 

various in Indonesia; Tongquil I. and Capual I., Sulu Prov., Sulu 

Archipelago].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:138. 

Peyssonnelia indica (Weber-van Bosse) Denizot, 1968:123, 310. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

*Peyssonnelia luzonensis Cordero 

Peyssonnelia luzonensis Cordero, 1977a:80, fig. 61, pi. XII:B [type locality: 

Quezon I., Hundred Is., Pangasinan Prov., Luzon]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan. 

*Peyssonnelia mariti (Weber-van Bosse) Denizot 

Cruoriella mariti Weber-van Bosse, 1921:288, fig. 101 [syntype localities: 

Sebangkaitan I., Little Paternoster Is. and Flores, Indonesia; Tongquil 

I., Sulu Prov., Sulu Archipelago].—De Toni, 1924:587.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:138. 

Peyssonnelia mariti (Weber-van Bosse) Denizot, 1968:122, 310. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

*Peyssonnelia obscura Weber-van Bosse 

Peyssonnelia obscura Weber-van Bosse, 1921:274, fig. 92 [syntype localities: 

various in Indonesia; Capual I. and North Ubian 1., Sulu Prov., Sulu 

Archipelago.—De Toni, 1924:592.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:159. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Peyssonnelia rubra (Greville) J. Agardh 

Zonaria rubra Greville, 1827:340, pi. 3: fig. 3 [type locality: Ionian Islands, 

Greece]. 

Peyssonnelia rubra (Greville) J. Agardh, 1851 [1851-1863]:502.—Dickie, 

1876a:245.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:159.—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:98.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

*Peyssonnelia rubra (Greville) J. Agardh 

f. orientalis Weber-van Bosse 

Peyssonnelia rubra (Greville) J. Agardh f. orientalis Weber-van Bosse, 

1921:270, 272, fig. 89 [syntype localities: various in Indonesia; North 

Ubian I., Sulu Prov., Sulu Archipelago].—Cordero, 1976c:10 [var. 

orientalis]; I977a:78, fig. 56, pi. XIILc [var. orientalis].—Saraya and 

Trono, 1982:34, pi. IV: fig. 2 [var. orientalis]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. PALAWAN, SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.). 

Peyssonnelia squamaria (S.G. Gmelin) Decaisne 

Fucus squamarius S.G. Gmelin, 1768:171, pi. XX: fig. 1 [type locality: 

Mediterranean Sea]. 

Peyssonnelia squamaria (S.G. Gmelin) Decaisne, 1842:360.—Cordero, 

1977a:80; 1978a:25.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:30, fig. 24. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte. 

Polystrata Heydrich 

Polystrata dura Heydrich 

Polystrata dura Heydrich, 1905:35, pi. I [type locality: Tami I., Papua 

New Guinea]. 

Cruoriella dura (Heydrich) Weber-van Bosse, 1921:293, pi. VIII: fig. 3 

[including Philippine record].—De Toni, 1924:585.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:138. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (Tongquil I.). 

Family CRYPTONEMIACEAE 

Carpopeltis Schmitz 

Carpopeltis affinis (Harvey) Okamura 

Gigartina affinis Harvey, 1860a:332 [type locality: Hakodate, Hokkaido, 

Japan]. 

Carpopeltis affinis (Harvey) Okamura, 1934 [1933-1942]:30, pi. 316: figs. 

4-11.—Cordero, 1976c:8; 1977a:100, fig. 79; 1978a:3L—HurtadoPonce, 1983:135; 1984:180.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:37, fig. 

30. 
NUMBER 27 29 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.-

Norte, SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN. 

-BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos Carpopeltis maillardii (Montagne and Millardet) Chiang 

Carpopeltis angusta (Harvey) Okamura 

Gymnogongrus ligulatus Harvey ex Kutzing var. angustus Harvey, 

1860a:332 [type locality: Shimoda, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan], 

Carpopeltis angusta (Harvey) Okamura, 1909 [1909-1912]:66, pi. 

LXVIL—Cordero, 1976c:8, 10; 1977a:100, fig. 78, pi. XVI:A; 1978a: 

32.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:135.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a: 

39, fig. 31. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte. 

Carpopeltis articulata (Okamura) Okamura 

Prionitis articulata Okamura, 1899a:5, pi. I: figs. 3, 4 [syntype localities: 

various, all in Japan]. 

Carpopeltis articulata (Okamura) Okamura, 1909 [ 1909-1912]:70, pi. 

LXVIIL—Cordero, 1977a:101, pi. XV:B.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:135. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Ilocos Norte, MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. PALAWAN. 

Carpopeltis capitellata (Sonder) Schmitz 

Cryptonemia capitellata Sonder, 1871:62 [type locality: Cape York, Queensland, Australia]. 

Carpopeltis capitellata (Sonder) Schmitz in Schmitz and Hauptfleisch, 1897 

[ 1896-1897]:514.—Weber-van Bosse, 1921:246.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:130. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.). 

Carpopeltis crispata Okamura 

Carpopeltis crispata Okamura, 1934 [1933-1942]:32, pi. 317: figs. 6-11 

[syntype localities: various, all in Japan].—Cordero, 1976c:8, 10; 

1977a:101; 1978a:32 [C. crispata prox.]; 1984b:65.—Tungpalan, 

1984:140. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION. 

Norte . PALAWAN. 

-BATANES. LUZON: IloCOS 

Carpopeltis divaricata Okamura 

Carpopeltis divaricata Okamura, 1934 [1933-1942]:31, pi. 317: figs. 1-5 

[syntype localities: various, all in Japan].—Cordero, 1977a:103, fig. 77, 

pi. XV:c; 1978a:32.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:137.—Cordero, 1984a: 

96.—Tungpalan, 1984:140. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. 

Carpopeltis formosana Okamura 

Carpopeltis formosana Okamura, 1931:110, pi. 12 [type locality: Kotosho 

(Hung-t'ou), Taiwan].—Cordero, 1976c:6, 8, 9, 10; 1977a:104, fig. 80, 

pi. XV:A ; 1978a:33. 

Phyllophora maillardii Montagne and Millardet, 1862:8, pi. XXIV [type 

locality: Reunion]. 

Carpopeltis maillardii (Montagne and Millardet) Chiang, 1970: 68, pi. 

5c—Reyes, 1980:132, pi. 8: fig. 2. 

Cryptonemia rigida Harvey ex J. Agardh, 1876:163 [type locality: Sri 

Lanka]. 

Carpopeltis rigida (Harvey ex J. Agardh) Schmitz, 1895:168.—Cordero, 

1976c:9; 1978a:33.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. SIQUIJOR. 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Phyllophora maillardii and 

Cryptonemia rigida was proposed by Schmitz (1895:167), 

who, however, incorrectly adopted the later of the two 

names. 

Carpopeltis prolifera (Hariot) 

Kawaguchi and Masuda 

Gigartina prolifera Hariot, 1891:220 [type locality: Yokosuka, Kanagawa 

Prefecture, Japan]. 

Carpopeltis prolifera (Hariot) Kawaguchi and Masuda, 1984:232. 

Grateloupia fiabellata Holmes, 1896:254, pi. 9: figs. 3a-c [type locality: Enoshima, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan]. 

Carpopeltis fiabellata (Holmes) Okamura, 1934 [1933-1942]:39, pi. 321: 

figs. 1-6.—Cordero, 1976c:10, 1977a:103, pi. XVI:B; 1978a:33. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Gigartina prolifera and 

Grateloupia fiabellata was proposed by Kawaguchi and Masuda (1984.) 

Cryptonemia J. Agardh 

Cryptonemia crenulata (J. Agardh) J. Agardh 

Phyllophora crenulata]. Agardh, 1841:18 [type locality: Bahia, Brazil]. 

Cryptonemia crenulata (J. Agardh) J. Agardh, 1851 [1851-1863]:225.— 

Cordero, 1977a: 104, fig. 81, pi. XVI:C.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:381.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:136.—Cordero, 1984a:97.—Tungpalan, 1984:140. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Batangas. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Cryptonemia luxurians (C. Agardh) J. Agardh 

Sphaerococcus lactuca C. Agardh var. luxurians C. Agardh, 1822a:232 

[type locality: Brazil]. 

Cryptonemia luxurians (C. Agardh) J. Agardh, 1851 [1851-1863]:228.— 

Cordero, 1976c:8, 9, 10; 1977a:105; 1978a:34. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Cryptonemia schmitziana (Okamura) Okamura 

Prionitis schmitziana Okamura, 1899a:6 [syntype localities: various, all in 

Japan]. 

Cryptonemia schmitziana (Okamura) Okamura, 1910 [1909-1912]:77.— 

Cordero, 1978a:34. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 
30 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Grateloupia C. Agardh 

Grateloupia conferta (Kutzing) Kutzing 

Grateloupia filicina (Lamouroux) C. Agardh var. conferta Kutzing, 

1849:730 [type locality: Java, Indonesia].—Martens, 1868:30, 90-91 . 

Grateloupia conferta (Kutzing) Kutzing, 1867:7, pi. 23: figs, a, b. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Grateloupia dichotoma J. Agardh 

Grateloupia dichotoma]. Agardh, 1842:103 [syntype localities: various, all 

in Mediterranean France].—Velasquez et al., 1973:29. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. 

Grateloupia divaricata Okamura 

Grateloupia divaricata Okamura, 1895:482, pi. IX: figs. 1, 2 [syntype 

localities: various, all in Japan].—Cordero, 1977a: 106; 1982a:61.— 

Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:137; 1984:180. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos 

Norte. 

Grateloupia doryphora (Montagne) Howe 

Halymenia (?) doryphora Montagne, 1839:21 [type locality: Callao, Peru]. 

Grateloupia doryphora (Montagne) Howe, 1914:169 ["doryophora"]. 

Grateloupia californica Kylin, 1941:9, fig. 2B, pi. 1: figs. 1, 2 [type locality: 

La Jolla, California, USA].—Cordero, 1977a: 106, pi. XVILA ; 

1980b:46.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:136; 1984:180. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Hollenberg and 

Abbott (1966:67). 

Grateloupia filicina (Lamouroux) C. Agardh 

Fucus filicinus Wulfen in Jacquin, 1789:157, pi. 15: fig. 2 [type locality: 

Trieste, Italy]. 

Delesseria filicina Lamouroux, 1813:125. 

Grateloupia filicina (Lamouroux) C. Agardh, 1822a:223.—Martens, 

1868:30, 46, 88-89.—Zaneveld, 1956:40; 1959:120.—Reyes, 

1972:154.—Trono, 1973a: 131, figs. 10-12.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:147.—Cordero, 1977a: 107.—Vannajan and Trono, 

1978:17, fig. 23.—Cordero, 1980b:47, pi. [47].—Trono and Fortes, 

1980:75.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:23.—Cordero, 1982a:61.—Trono 

and Fortes, 1982:154.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:137; 1984:180.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984b: 125.—Tungpalan, 1984:140. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Rizal, Sorsogon. NEGROS: Negros 

Oriental. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

NOTE.—Fucus filicinus Wulfen, the intended basionym 

of Grateloupia filicina, is a later homonym of F. filicinus 

Hudson (1762:473) and hence not priorable. Delesseria 

filicina Lamouroux is treated as a nomen novum in accordance with Article 72, Note 1, of the ICBN. 

Grateloupia ramosissima Okamura 

Grateloupia ramosissima Okamura, 1913 [1913-1915]:60, pi. CXVII: figs. 

1-11 [syntype localities: various, all in Japan].—Cordero, 1977a:107; 

1980b:47; 1982a:61. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan. SIQUIJOR. 

Halymenia C. Agardh 

Halymenia acuminata (Holmes) Okamura 

Grateloupia acuminata Holmes, 1896:254, pi. 10: figs. 2a-c [type locality: 

Enoshima, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan]. 

Halymenia acuminata (Holmes) Okamura, 1908 [1907-1909]: 174, pi. 

XXXV: figs. 6-12.—Cordero, 1977a: 108, fig. 83. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. PANAY: 

Iloilo. PALAWAN. 

Halymenia dilatata Zanardini 

Halymenia dilatata Zanardini, 1851:35 [type locality: Red Sea].—Domantay, 1962:291.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:149.—Cordero, 

1977a: 109, figs. 84, 85, pi. XVIILB.—Vannaja n and Trono, 

1978:18.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:39.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:381.—Calumpong, 1982:145. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Bataan, 

Cavite, Batangas. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Capiz. NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Apo I.). 

CEBU (Sumilon I.). 

Halymenia durvillaei Bory de Saint-Vincent 

Halymenia durvillaei Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1828 [1827-1829]: 180, pi. 

15 [type locality: New Ireland, Papua New Guinea].—Martens, 1868:29, 

88-89.—De Leon, Eufemio, and Pineda, 1963:82 (table 1).—Galutira 

and Velasquez, 1964:504, pi. 3: fig. 10; pi. 8: fig. 29.—Domantay, 

1968:26.—De Leon and Domantay, 1971:5, 10.—Velasquez, 

1971:448, fig. 30.—Reyes, 1972:154.—Velasquez, 197"2:63.—Velasquez et al., 1973:28, pi. 12: fig. 56.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 

1974:188.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:149.—Cordero, 

1977a:lll, fig. 86, pi. XVILB.—Tron o and Young, 1977:59.—Cordero, 1979b:276, 290, fig. 1 .—Velasquez, 1979b:23L—Cordero, 

1980b:48, fig. 11A, pi. 30.—Guzman, 1981:43, 51.—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:99.—Reyes, 1980:133, pi. 8: fig. 5.—Trono and Fortes, 

1980:75.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:23.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:381.—Calumpong, 1982:145.—Cordero, 1982a:60, fig. 13.— 

Trono and Fortes, 1982:154.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:137.—Cordero, 

1984a:96; 1984b:65.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:180.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:36, fig. 29; 1984b: 126.—Tungpalan, 1984:141. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Cavite (Corregidor I.), 

Batangas, Quezon, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: Western Samar, Eastern Samar. 

PANAY: Aklan. GUIMARAS. NEGROS: Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, CEBU (incl. Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: 

Zamboanga. PALAWAN, SULU. 
NUMBER 27 31 

Halymenia floresia (Clemente y Rubio) C. Agardh 

Fucus floresius Clemente y Rubio, 1807:312 [type locality: Sanlucar de 

Barrameda, Spain]. 

Halymenia floresia (Clemente y Rubio) C. Agardh, 1817:xix.—Tungpalan, 

1984:141. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Halymenia formosa Harvey ex Kutzing 

Halymenia formosa Harvey ex Kiitzing, 1866:33, pi. 91: figs. g,h [syntype 

localities: Tonga; Australia].—Seale, 1911:309.—Wester, 1916:159; 

1921:224; 1924:21.—G. Blanco, 1938:513.—Quisumbing, 1951:1010 

["formosana"].—Montilla and Blanco, 1953:fig. 5: 2.—Domantay, 

1962:291.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:149.—Cordero, 

1982a:60. 

Halymenia durvillaei Bory de Saint-Vincent var. formosa (Harvey ex Kiitzing) Weber-van Bosse, 1921:235.—Zaneveld, 1956:41; 1959:120.— 

Cordero, 1976c:8; 1978a:31.—Cordero, 1984a:96 ["var. formosana Yamada"]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, La Union, Pangasinan, 

Manila Bay. 

Halymenia harveyana J. Agardh 

Halymenia harveyana]. Agardh, 1892:55 [type locality: Port Phillip Heads, 

Victoria, Australia].—Mefiez, 1961:72.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:149.—Cordero, 1977a: 112, pi. XVIILc. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan. 

Halymenia japonica 

Halymenia japonica.—Domantay, 1968:26. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

NOTE.—Domantay did not give an author for this name 

and we have been unable to find its place of publication. 

Halymenia maculata J. Agardh 

Halymenia maculata]. Agardh, 1885:12 [type locality: Mauritius].—Domantay, 1962:291.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:149.—Trono 

and Ang, 1982:16. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). 

*Halymenia microcarpa (Montagne) P.C. Silva, 

new combination 

Mesogloia microcarpa Montagne, 1844a:660 ["Mesogloea"] [type locality: 

"in insulis Philippinensibus"].—J. Agardh, 1848:59.—Kutzing, 1849: 

546.—Montagne, 1856:400.—Martens, 1868:68-69.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:153. 

Halymenia ceylanica Harvey ex Kutzing, 1866:33, pi. 93: figs, a, b [type 

locality: Sri Lanka].—Grunow, 1874:32. 

Halymenia durvillaei Bory de Saint-Vincent var. ceylanica (Harvey ex 

Kutzing) Weber-van Bosse, 1921:235.—Trono, 1973d: 17.—Trono and 

Bina, 1973:6.—Trono, 1974b:87.—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:17, fig. 

22.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:71, fig. [s.n.].—Trono and De 

Lara, 1981:17, pi. XI: fig. 2.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:36. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Cavite, 

Batangas, Quezon, MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang 

Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. SULU: Sulu 

(Siasi I.). 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Mesogloia microcarpa and 

Halymenia ceylanica was proposed by Grunow (1874:32). 

Prionitis J. Agardh 

Prionitis cornea (Okamura) Dawson 

Grateloupia cornea Okamura, 1913 [1913-1915]:63, pi. CXVIII [syntype 

localities: various, all in Japan]. 

Carpopeltis cornea (Okamura) Okamura, 1942 [1933-1942]: 100.—Cordero, 1977a: 101. 

Prionitis cornea (Okamura) Dawson, 1958:71. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Thamnoclonium Kutzing 

* Thamnoclonium procumbens Weber-van Bosse 

Thamnoclonium procumbens Weber-van Bosse, 1921:251, figs. 78, 79 [syntype localities: various in Indonesia; Capual I., Sulu Prov., Sulu Archipelago].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:165. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

*Thamnoclonium treubii Weber-van Bosse 

Thamnoclonium treubii Weber-van Bosse, 1910:587, pi. XVI: fig. 1 [type 

locality: North Ubian I., Sulu Prov., Sulu Archipelago].—Weber-van 

Bosse, 1921:250.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:165. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Family KALLYMENIACEAE 

Callophyllis Kutzing 

Callophyllis adhaerens Yamada 

Callophyllis adhaerens Yamada, 1932b:273, pi. VI:a [syntype localities: 

various, all in Japan].—Velasquez et al., 1973:29, pi. 12: fig. 57. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. 

Callophyllis adnata Okamura 

Callophyllis adnata Okamura, 1932 [1929-1932]:79, pi. CCLXXXIX 

[type locality: Enoshima, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan].—Velasquez et 
32 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

al., 1973:29, pi. 12: fig. 58.—Cordero, 1980c:71, fig. 3.—HurtadoPonce, 1983:138; 1984:180.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984b:126. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Bataan. 

Callophyllis okamurae P.C. Silva, new name 

Pugetia japonica Kylin, 1941:16 [type locality: Chiba Prefecture, Japan]. 

Callophyllis chilensis [misapplied name fide Kylin, 1941:15-16].—Cordero, 1977a: 115. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. 

NOTE.—Norris (1957:298) suggested that Pugetia japonica was referable to Callophyllis. Because of the existence of 

C. japonica Okamura (in De Toni and Okamura, 1895:77, 

pi. 16: figs. 13-17), a new epithet must be chosen. Pugetia 

japonica is validated by Kylin's reference to Howe 

(1914:117), who distinguished the Japanese plant from Callophyllis chilensis without giving it a name. 

Kallymenia J. Agardh 

Kallymenia callophylloides Okamura and Segawa 

Kallymenia callophylloides Okamura and Segawa in Segawa, 1935:78, fig. 

1., pi. 19: fig. 1 [type locality: Susaki, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan].— 

Cordero, 1977a: 116, fig. 94, pi. XXV:A.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 

1984a:39, fig. 33. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Kallymenia pacifica Kylin 

Meredithia californica ]. Agardh, 1899:49 [type locality: San Diego, California, USA]. 

Kallymenia pacifica Kylin, 1956:233 ["Callymenia"].—Cordero, 1981b:24, 

fig. 1. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PANAY: Iloilo. 

NOTE.—When transferring Meredithia californica to Kallymenia, Kylin was obliged to change the epithet by the prior 

existence of K. californica Farlow (1877:241). 

Kallymenia sessilis Okamura 

Kallymenia sessilis Okamura, 1934 [1933-1942]:20, pi. 312 [type locality: 

Tateyama, Japan].—Velasquez et al., 1973:29, pi. 12: fig. 59.—Cordero, 198Ib:26, fig. 2. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas, Bataan. 

PANAY: Iloilo. 

Order CORALLINALES 

Family CORALLINACEAE 

Amphiroa Lamouroux 

Amphiroa anastomosans Weber-van Bosse 

Amphiroa anastomosans Weber-van Bosse, 1904b:91, pi. XVI: figs. 3, 4 

[syntype localities: Borneo Bank and Flores, Indonesia].—Cordero, 

1977a:82.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Sorsogon. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: Western Samar. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Amphiroa anceps (Lamarck) Decaisne 

Corallina anceps Lamarck, 1815:238 [type locality: "les mers Australes ou 

de la Nouv. Holl."]. 

Amphiroa anceps (Lamarck) Decaisne, 1842:125.—Cordero, 1977a:81, pi. 

XIV:A.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:131.—Cordero, 1984a:94. 

Amphiroa dilatata Lamouroux, 1816:299 [type locality: "Australasie"].— 

Garcia, 1979:44 (table 1).—Cordero, 1984a:94. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Weber-van 

Bosse (1904b:93). 

Amphiroa annulata Lemoine 

Amphiroa annulata Lemoine, 1929:78, fig. 34, pi. IV: fig. 1 [type locality: 

James I. [Isla San Salvador or Santiago], Galapagos].—Domantay, 

1962:288—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:126. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Amphiroa beauvoisii Lamouroux 

Amphiroa beauvoisii Lamouroux, 1816:299 [type locality: Portugal].— 

Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

*Amphiroa cumingii Montagne 

Amphiroa cumingii Montagne, 1844a:662 [type locality: "in insulis Philippinensibus"].—Kutzing, 1849:702.—Areschoug, 1852:541.—Montagne, 1856:430.—Martens, 1868:86-87.—Dickie, 1876a:244.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:126. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Amphiroa ephedraea (Lamarck) Decaisne 

Corallina ephedraea Lamarck, 1815:238 [type locality: "les mers Australes 

ou de la Nouv. Holl."]. 

Amphiroa ephedraea (Lamarck) Decaisne, 1842:124.—Cordero, 1973b:30 
NUMBER 27 33 

[A. ephedraea prox.]; 1976c:8; 1977a:82; 1978a:27.—Puig and Cordero, 

1979:38.—Cordero, 1984c:54. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan. MASBATE. LEYTE (Biliran I.), MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. PALAWAN. 

Amphiroa foliacea Lamouroux 

Amphiroa foliacea Lamouroux in Quoy and Gaimard, 1824:628, pi. 93: 

figs. 2, 3 [type locality: Mariana Is.].—Cornejo and Velasquez, 

1972:181.—Trono and Bina, 1973:4.—Velasquez et al., 1973:27, pi. 

11: fig. 52.—Cordero, 1977a:84.—Trono and Young, 1977:59.—Puig 

and Cordero, 1979:38.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:98.—Fortes, 

1981b:396.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Trono and De Lara, 

1981:15, pi. X: fig. 4.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:34a, pi. IV: fig. 1.— 

Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:131.—Cordero, 1984a:94; 1984b:64; 

1984c:54.—Marcos-Agngarayngay. 1984a:32, fig. 26. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Batangas, Quezon, Albay. CATANDUANES. 

MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MASBATE. SAMAR: Western Samar, Eastern Samar. 

LEYTE (incl. Biliran I.), CEBU (Mactan I.). PALAWAN. 

GROS: Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, CEBU (Mactan 

I.). SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi (incl. 

Sangasiapu I.). 

Amphiroa fragilissima (Linnaeus) Lamouroux 

f. cyathifera (Lamouroux) Weber-van Bosse 

Amphiroa cyathifera Lamouroux, 1824:627 [type locality: Moluccas, Indonesia]. 

Amphiroa fragilissima (Linnaeus) Lamouroux f. cyathifera (Lamouroux) 

Weber-van Bosse, 1904b:90 [including Philippine record].—Trono and 

Bina, 1973:4.—Trono, 1974b:86. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi (Sangasiapu I.). 

Amphiroa hancockii W.R. Taylor 

Amphiroa hancockii W.R. Taylor, 1942:95, pi. 13 [type locality: Caledonia, 

Atlantic Panama].—Velasquez et al., 1973:28, pi. 11: fig. 54. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Bataan. 

* Amphiroa foliacea Lamouroux f. erecta 

Weber-van Bosse 

Amphiroa foliacea Lamouroux f. erecta Weber-van Bosse, 1904b:93, pi. 

XIV: figs. 2-8 [syntype localities: various in Indonesia; North Ubian I., 

Sulu Prov., and Sangasiapu I., Tawitawi Prov., Sulu Archipelago].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:127 [without designation of 

forma].—Fortes, 198 lb: 396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Amphiroa fragilissima (Linnaeus) Lamouroux 

Corallina fragilissima Linnaeus, 1758:806 [type locality: Jamaica]. 

Amphiroa fragilissima (Linnaeus) Lamouroux, 1816:298.—Dickie, 

1876a:243.—Weber-van Bosse, 1904b:90 [f. fragilissima].—Howe, 

1932:170.—Domantay, 1962:288.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972: 

182.—Reyes, 1972:153.—Trono, 1972a:103; 1973d: 16.—Trono 

and Bina, 1973:4 [f. fragilissima].—Velasquez et al., 1973:28, pi. 

11: fig. 53.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:185-188 (tables 1-4, 

7).—Trono, 1974b:86 [f. fragilissima].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:127.—Cordero, 1976c:8; 1977a:85, figs. 62, 63; 1977a:85, pi. 

XIV:B [var. fragilissima]; 1978a:28.—Trono, 1978:16.—Vannajan and 

Trono, 1978:16, fig. 16.—Cordero, 1979b:289.—Puig and Cordero, 

1979:38.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:98.—Reyes, 1980:130, pi. 6: fig. 6.— 

Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:67, fig. [s.n.].—Chan, 1981:387.— 

Fortes, 1981b:396.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Trono and 

De Lara, 1981:16, pi. X: fig. 3—Saraya and Trono, 1982:34a, pi. V: 

fig. 2.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:132.—Cordero, 1984a:95; 1984c:54.— 

Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:34, fig. 27. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Cavite, Batangas, MINDORO: 

Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. MASBATE. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. NEAmphiroa pacifica Kutzing 

Amphiroa pacifica Kutzing, 1858:20. pi. 43: fig. 1 [type locality: Peru].-

Martens, 1868:28, 84-85.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:127. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Amphiroa rigida Lamouroux 

Amphiroa rigida Lamouroux, 1816:297, pi. XI: fig. 1 [type locality: Mediterranean Sea].—Cordero, 1977a:86.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:381.—Mefiez, Phillips, and Calumpong, 1983:23.—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1984:105. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SAMAR: Western Samar. 

CENTRAL VISAYAS. PALAWAN. 

Amphiroa subcylindrica Dawson 

Amphiroa subcylindrica Dawson, 1953:139, pi. 29: fig. 1 [type locality: 

Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico].—Domantay, 1962:288.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:127.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:34b, pi. V: fig. 

1. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Amphiroa tribulus (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux 

Corallina tribulus Ellis and Solander, 1786:124, pi. 21: fig. e [type locality: 

West Indies]. 

Amphiroa tribulus (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux, 1816:302.—Mefiez 

and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 
34 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Amphiroa valonioides Yendo 

Amphiroa valonioides Yendo, 1902:5, pi. I: figs. 1-3; pi. IV: fig. 1 [syntype 

localities: various, all in Japan].—Cordero, 1977a:86, fig. 60, pi. XIILB . 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Quezon, SAMAR: 

Eastern Samar. LEYTE. 

Corallina pinnatifolia (Manza) Dawson var. digitata Dawson, 1953:125, pi. 

9: figs. 14-20; pi. 30: fig. 1 [type locality: Guaymas, Sonora, 

Mexico].—Cordero, 1976c:8, 9, 10; 1977a:90; 1978a:28. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

NjOTE.—The synonymy was proposed by Johansen 

(1976:403). 

Amphiroa zonata Yendo 

Amphiroa zonata Yendo, 1902:10, pi. 1: figs. 11-14; pi. IV: fig. 9 [syntype 

localities: various, all in Japan].—Cordero, 1977a:86.—Hurtado-Ponce, 

1983:132. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SIQUIJOR. 

Cheilosporum (Decaisne) Zanardini 

Cheilosporum cultratum (Harvey) J.E. Areschoug 

Amphiroa cultrata Harvey, 1849 [1847-1849]:102, pi. XXXIX [in part] 

[lectotype locality: Port Natal (Durban), South Africa fide Johansen, 

1977:175]. 

Cheilosporum cultratum (Harvey) J.E. Areschoug, 1852:545.—Domantay, 

1962:288—Mefiez, 1961:71.—Trono, 1973a: 133, fig. 9.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:134.—Cordero, 1977a:88, figs. 64, 65.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:36, pi. V: fig. 4. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan, Sorsogon. SAMAR: Western Samar, Eastern Samar. 

Cheilosporum jungermannioides Ruprecht 

ex J.E. Areschoug 

Cheilosporum jungermannioides Ruprecht ex J.E. Areschoug, 1852:546 

[type locality: Tahiti]; 1976c:9; 1977a:88, figs. 66, 68; 1978a:28 [C. 

jungermannioides prox.].—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:132.—Cordero, 

1984a:95; 1984b:64.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:34, fig. 28. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. LEYTE. 

PALAWAN. 

Cheilosporum sagittatum (Lamouroux) J.E. Areschoug 

Corallina sagittata Lamouroux in Quoy and Gaimard, 1824:625, pi. 95: 

figs. 11,12 [type locality: Mauritius]. 

Cheilosporum sagittatum (Lamouroux) J.E. Areschoug, 1852:545.—Trono 

and De Lara, 1981:16, pi. X: fig. 2. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.). 

Corallina Linnaeus 

Corallina frondescens Postels and Ruprecht 

Corallina frondescens Postels and Ruprecht, 1840:20, pi. XL: fig. 103 [type 

locality: Unalaska I., Aleutian Is.]. 

Fosliella Howe 

Fosliella farinosa (Lamouroux) Howe 

Melobesia farinosa Lamouroux, 1816:315, pi. XII: fig. 3 [type locality: not 

specified (Mediterranean Sea fide Chamberlain, 1983:343)].—Piccone, 

1889:51, 59.—Foslie, 1904:55.—Domantay, 1962:293.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:153. 

Fosliella farinosa (Lamouroux) Howe, 1920:587.—Cordero, 1977a:90.— 

Trono, 1978:17—Reyes, 1980:132.—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MARINDUQUE. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. SIQUIJOR. SULU: Sulu (North 

Ubian I.). 

Haliptilon (Decaisne) Lindley 

Haliptilon cubense (Montagne ex Kutzing) 

Garbary and Johansen 

Jania cubensis Montagne ex Kutzing, 1849:709 [type locality: Cuba]. 

Corallina cubensis (Montagne ex Kutzing) Kutzing, 1858:37, pi. 77: fig. 

II._Mene z and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

Haliptilon cubense (Montagne ex Kutzing) Garbary and Johansen, 

1982:218. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Hydrolithon (Foslie) Foslie 

Hydrolithon reinboldii (Weber-van Bosse and Foslie) 

Weber-van Bosse 

Lithophyllum reinboldii Weber-van Bosse and Foslie in Foslie, 1901c:5 

[lectotype locality: Muaras Reef, East Kalimantan, Indonesia fide Adey 

and Lebednik, 1967:32]. 

Goniolithon reinboldii (Weber-van Bosse and Foslie) Weber-van Bosse and 

Foslie in Foslie, 1904:49 [including Philippine records].—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:146. 

Hydrolithon reinboldii (Weber-van Bosse and Foslie) Weber-van Bosse and 

Foslie in Foslie, 1909:55. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.), 

Tawitawi (Sangasiapu I.). 

Jania Lamouroux 

Jania adhaerens Lamouroux 

Jania adhaerens Lamouroux, 1816:270 [type locality: "Mediterranee?"].— 

Cordero, 1976c:9, 10; 1977a:91, fig. 73; 1978a:29.—Chan, 1981:387, 

389—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983: 
NUMBER 27 35 

133.—Mefiez, Phillips, and Calumpong, 1983:23.—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1984:105. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, SAMAR: Eastern Samar. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN. 

Jania capillacea Harvey 

Jania capillacea Harvey, 1853:84 [type locality: Bahia Honda, Florida, 

USA].—Trono, 1972a:103; 1973d: 16.—Trono and Bifia, 1973:5.— 

Westernhagen, 1973a:65.—Trono, 1974b:85.—Westernhagen, 

1974:112 (table I).—Cordero, 1976c:9; 1977a:91, figs. 67, 69; 

1978a:29.—Trono, 1978:17.—Fortes and Trono, 1980:60, 66.—Liao 

and Sotto, 1980:99.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:69, fig. [s.n.].— 

Chan, 1981:387, 389.—Fortes, 198lb:396.—Trono and De Lara, 

1981:16, pi. X: fig. 1 .—Saraya and Trono, 1982:35. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), 

Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. LEYTE. PANAY: Iloilo. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU (incl. Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. 

SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

Jania decussato-dichotoma (Yendo) Yendo 

Corallina decussato-dichotoma Yendo, 1902:25, pi. Ill: figs. 1-3: pi. VII: 

figs. 3, 4 [syntype localities: various, all in Japan]. 

Jania decussato-dichotoma (Yendo) Yendo, 1905b:37.—Cordero, 1973b:31 

[/ decussato-dichotoma prox.]; 1976c:8; 1978a:29.—Fortes, 1981b: 

396.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:35. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan. LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

NOTE.—Cordero (1976c) recognized both /. adhaerens 

andy. decussato-dichotoma from the Batan Islands, but later 

(1977a) he merged the two species. While all Philippine 

reports under the two names may be referable to a single 

species, it seems likely that this species will prove to be 

distinct from/, adhaerens, in which case it would be called 

J. decussato-dichotoma. 

Jania longiarthra Dawson 

yanta longiarthra Dawson, 1953:119, pi. 9: fig. 4; pi. 27: fig. 4 [type 

locality: Isla Espiritu Santo, Baja California Sur, Mexico].—Trono, 

1978:17. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MARINDUQUE. 

Jania micrarthrodia Lamouroux 

Jania micrarthrodia Lamouroux, 1816:271, pi. 9: fig. 5 [type locality: 

"Australasie"]. 

Jania tenuissima Sonder, 1848 [1846-1848]: 186 [type locality: Western 

Australia, Australia (mouth of Swan River fide Harvey, 1849 [1847-

1849]: 106)].—Piccone, 1886:67, 90.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:151. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MASBATE (Ticao L). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Areschoug 

(1852:555). 

Jania pacifica J.E. Areschoug 

Jania pacifica J.E. Areschoug, 1852:556 [type locality: Guatulco, Oaxaca, 

Mexico]. 

Jania mexicana W.R. Taylor, 1945:197, pi. 60 [type locality: Bahia Petatlan, Guerrero, Mexico].—Cordero, 1977a:92, fig. 74.—Chan, 

1981:387.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:36, pi. V: fig. 3. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity ofJania mexicana and J. pacifica became obvious to one of us (PCS) after collecting in 

Pacific tropical Mexico, the type locality for both species. 

Jania pumila Lamouroux 

Jania pumila Lamouroux, 1816:269, pi. IX: fig. 2 [syntype localities: Red 

Sea; "Indes Orientales"].—Velasquez et al., 1973:28, pi. II: fig. 55.— 

Cordero, 1977a:92, figs. 70-72.—Chan, 1981:387, 389. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Bataan, 

Batangas. 

Jania rubens (Linnaeus) Lamouroux 

Corallina rubens Linnaeus, 1758:806 [type locality: Europe]. 

Jania rubens (Linnaeus) Lamouroux, 1816:272, pi. IX: fig. 6, 7.—Mefiez, 

1961:71, pi. 8: figs. 89, 90.—Reyes, 1972:153.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:150.—Reyes, 1980:131, pi. 7: figs. 4a,b.—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, SIQUIJOR. 

Jania tenella (Kutzing) Grunow 

Corallina tenella Kutzing, 1858:41, pi. 85: fig. II [syntype localities: Napoli, 

Italy; Mexico]. 

Jania tenella (Kutzing) Grunow, 1874:42.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 

1972:183, pi. 3: fig. 27 [var. tenella].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:150. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. 

Jania tenella (Kutzing) Grunow var. zacae Dawson 

Jania tenella (Kutzing) Grunow var. zacae Dawson, 1953:121, pi. 8: fig. 3; 

pi. 31: fig. 1 [type locality: Bahia Piedra Blanca, Pacific Costa Rica].— 

Domantay, 1962:292. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Jania ungulata (Yendo) Yendo 

Corallina ungulata Yendo, 1902:26, pi. Ill: figs. 7, 8; pi. VII: fig. 8 

[syntype localities: various, all in Japan]. 
36 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

yama ungulata (Yendo) Yendo, 1905b:38.—Vannajan and Trono, 

1978:17, fig. 17.—Chan, 1981:387, 389.—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Cavite. 

Jania ungulata (Yendo) Yendo f. brevior (Yendo) Yendo 

Corallina ungulata Yendo f. brevior Yendo, 1902:27, pi. Ill: fig. 9; pi. VII: 

fig. 9 [type locality: Chiba Prefecture, Japan]. 

Jania ungulata (Yendo) Yendo f. brevior (Yendo) Yendo, 1905b:38.— 

Trono, 1973d: 16 [var. brevior].—Cordero, 1977a:94, figs. 75, 76, pi. 

XIV:c [var. brevior]; 1978a:30 [var. brevior].—Liao and Sotto, 1980:99 

[var. brevior].—Fortes, 1981b:396.—Menez and Calumpong, 1981:381 

[var. brevior].—Saraya and Trono, 1982:35 [var. brevior]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. SIQUIJOR. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Lithoporella (Foslie) Foslie 

Lithoporella indica (Foslie) Adey 

Litholepis indica Foslie, 1907:21 [type locality: Reunion]. 

Lithoporella indica (Foslie) Adey, 1970:15. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—See "Litholepsis indica Foslie 

f. philippinensis Foslie." 

TAXON OF UNCERTAIN VALUE 

Philippine records for Lithoporella indica are under the 

following infraspecific taxon, which has not been formally 

transferred to it. 

Lithophyllum Philippi 

Lithophyllum byssoides (Lamarck) Foslie 

Nullipora byssoides Lamarck, 1801:374 [type locality: Mediterranean 

Sea]. 

Lithothamnion byssoides (Lamarck) Philippi, 1837:388.—Dickie, 1877: 

489.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:152. 

Lithophyllum byssoides (Lamarck) Foslie, 1900d:20. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Lithophyllum moluccense (Foslie) Foslie 

Lithothamnion moluccense Foslie, 1897:12 [type locality: Moluccas, Indonesia]. 

Lithophyllum moluccense (Foslie) Foslie, 190la: 12 [including Philippine 

record].—Foslie, 1904:67, pi. XII: fig. 8 [f. typica].—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:152. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Sangasiapu 

I.). 

Lithophyllum pallescens (Foslie) Foslie 

Lithothamnion pallescens Foslie, 1895:4, pi. 1: figs. 11-13 [type locality: 

Isla Espiritu Santo, Baja California Sur, Mexico]. 

Lithophyllum pallescens (Foslie) Foslie, 1900d:20. 

Lithophyllum okamurae Foslie, 1900c:4 ["okamurai"] [type locality: Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan].—Foslie, 1904:59, pi. XI: fig. 17.—Domantay, 

1962:292.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:152 ["okamurai" and 

"okamura"]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. SULU: 

Sulu (North Ubian I., Tongquil I.), Tawitawi (Sangasiapu 

I.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Adey, Townsend, and Boykins (1982:40). 

^Litholepsis indica Foslie f. 

philippinensis Foslie 

Litholepsis indica Foslie f. philippinensis Foslie, 1908:9 [type locality: Adiagfiao, Camarines Sur Prov., Luzon].—De Toni, 1924:655. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Lithoporella melobesioides (Foslie) Foslie 

Mastophora melobesioides Foslie, 1903:24 [type locality: Maldives].—Foslie, 

1904:73.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:153. 

Lithoporella melobesioides (Foslie) Foslie, 1909:59. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (Capual I. 

Tongquil I.), Tawitawi (Sangasiapu I.). 

Lithothamnion Heydrich 

Woelkerling (1983b: 193), after discovering that none of 

the five original species of Lithothamnium Philippi 

(1837:387) conforms to any modern concept of the genus, 

proposed the conservation of that generic name as treated 

by Heydrich (1897c:412), lectotypified by L. muelleri Lenormand ex Rosanoff. Heydrich spelled the name Lithothamnion, the spelling that has been proposed for conservation. 

* Lithothamnion australe Foslie 

f. brachiatum Foslie 

Lithothamnion australe Foslie f. brachiatum Foslie, 1904:24, pi. II: figs. 25 -

38 ["brachiata"] [syntype localities: Semau I. and Timor, Indonesia; 

North Ubian I. and Tongquil I., Sulu Prov., Sulu Archipelago].—Foslie, 

1929: pi. XVII: figs. 51-54. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 
NUMBER 27 37 

* Lithothamnion australe Foslie f. minutulum Foslie 

Lithothamnion australe Foslie f. minutulum Foslie, 1904:24, pi. II: figs. 39 -

62 ["minutula"] [syntype localities: Tual, Kai Is., Moluccas, Indonesia; 

Tongquil I., Sulu Prov., Sulu Archipelago].—Foslie, 1929: pi. XVII: 

figs. 59-70. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

* Lithothamnion australe Foslie f. ubianum Foslie 

Lithothamnion australe Foslie f. ubianum Foslie, 1904:24, fig. 12, pi. II: 

figs. 18-24 ["ubiana"] [syntype localities: Celebes, Indonesia; Capual I., 

North Ubian I., and Tongquil I., Sulu Prov., Sulu Archipelago].— 

Foslie, 1929: pi. XVII: figs. 40-44. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

NOTE.—Th e typification of Lithothamnion australe is discussed by Adey, Townsend, and Boykins (1982:57). 

Lithothamnion indicum Foslie f. subtile Foslie 

Lithothamnion indicum Foslie f. subtile Foslie, 1907:7 ["subtilis"] [syntype 

localities: Indian and Pacific oceans].—Foslie, 1929: pi. XIII: fig. 26. 

Lithothamnion fruticulosum (Kutzing) Foslie f. clavulatum [misapplied name 

fide Foslie, 1907:7].—Foslie, 1904:20, pi. II: figs. 6, 7, 9 ["clavulata"].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:152 [without designation of 

forma]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (Capual I., Tongquil I.), Tawitawi (Sangasiapu I.). 

Mastophora Decaisne 

Mastophora rosea (C. Agardh) Setchell 

Zonaria rosea C. Agardh, 1824:264 [type locality: Guam, Mariana Is.]. 

Mastophora rosea (C. Agardh) Setchell, 1943:129.—Domantay, 

1962:292.—Velasquez, 1971:453, fig. 39.—Reyes, 1972:153.—Trono, 

1972a: 103.—Cordero, 1973b:31.—Trono, 1973d:16, pi. 9: fig. 2.— 

Trono and Bina, 1973:5.—Westernhagen, 1973a:65.—Ortega, Alcala, 

and Reyes, 1974:187, 188.—Trono, 1974b:87.—Westernhagen, 

1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:153.—Cordero, 1976c:8, 9, 10; 1977a:94, pi. XIV:D ; 1978a:30.—Trono, 

1978:18.—Cordero, 1979b:276, 289.—Garcia, 1979:45 (table 1).— 

Puig and Cordero, 1979:38.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:99.—Reyes, 

1980:131, pi. 7: fig. 5.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Trono 

and De Lara, 1981:15, pi. IX: fig. 1.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:34, pi. 

IV: fig. 4.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:133.—Cordero, 1984a:93; 

1984b:65.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:32, fig. 25. 

^Mastophora licheniformis Decaisne, 1842:359, pi. 17: fig. 11 [type locality: 

Manila, Luzon].—Montagne, 1844a:662.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:153. 

Mastophora decaisnei Kutzing, 1849:697.—Martens, 1868:84-85.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:152. 

Melobesia foliacea Kutzing, 1843b:385 [type locality: Mariana Is.].—Dickie, 

1876a:244 [with query].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:153. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Manila, Batangas, 

Quezon, CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro 

(Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. SAMAR: 

Western Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan, Capiz, 

Iloilo. GUIMARAS. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU (Mactan 

1.). SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. PALAWAN, SULU: Sulu 

(Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Setchell 

(1943:129). Mastophora decaisnei Kutzing is a superfluous 

and hence illegitimate substitute name for Mastophora licheniformis Decaisne. 

Mesophyllum Lemoine 

Mesophyllum erubescens (Foslie) Lemoine 

Lithothamnion erubescens Foslie, 1900a:9 [type locality: Ilha Fernando de 

Noronha, Brazil].—Foslie, 1904:31 .—Velasquez, 1971:448, fig. 29.— 

Velasquez et al., 1973:27. 

Mesophyllum erubescens (Foslie) Lemoine, 1928:252. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. MINDORO: 

Oriental Mindoro. MINDANAO: Davao. SULU: Tawitawi (Sangasiapu I.). 

Mesophyllum imbricatum (Dickie) Adey 

Lithothamnion imbricatum Dickie, 1877:486 [type locality: Tahiti]. 

Mesophyllum imbricatum (Dickie) Adey, 1970:24. 

Lithothamnion dickiei Foslie, 1900a:7 [including Philippine record].—Foslie, 1904:30. 

Lithothamnion polymorphum [misapplied name fide Foslie, 1900a:7].— 

Dickie, 1876b:455.—Piccone, 1889:45, 53.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:152. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

NOTE.—Lithothamnion dickiei Foslie is a superfluous and 

hence illegitimate substitute name for L. imbricatum Dickie. 

Mesophyllum pulchrum (Weber-van Bosse and Foslie) 

Lemoine 

Lithothamnion pulchrum Weber-van Bosse and Foslie in Foslie, 1901c:3 

[type locality: Sailus Besar, Great Paternoster Is., Indonesia].—Foslie, 

1904:36, pi. IV: fig. 11 .—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:152. 

Mesophyllum pulchrum (Weber-van Bosse and Foslie) Lemoine, 1928:252. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU. 

Mesophyllum siamense (Foslie) Adey 

Lithothamnion siamense Foslie, 190lb: 19 [type locality: various, all in Ko 

Chang Archipelago, Thailand].—Foslie, 1904:10, pi. I: figs. 1, 2.—De 

Toni, 1924:611.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:152. 

Mesophyllum siamense (Foslie) Adey, 1970:26. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (Tongquil I.). 

NOTE.—Foslie (190lb: 19) originally described Lithothamnion siamense as comprising two formae, f. minutum and 

f. simulans. Upon elevating the latter to specific rank, Foslie 
38 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

(1904:16) lectotypified L. siamense with f. minutum, which 

he then called f. typicum. In the same work, Foslie (1904:10) 

described L. siamense f. pseudoramosum. Tongquil I. is in the 

list of localities for the species, but to which forma it pertains 

is not indicated. 

Mesophyllum simulans (Foslie) Lemoine 

Lithothamnion siamense Foslie f. simulans Foslie, 190lb: 19 [type locality: 

Ko Sarlak, Ko Chang Archipelago, Thailand]. 

Lithothamnion simulans (Foslie) Foslie, 1904:16, pi. I: figs. 21-25 [including Philippine record].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:152. 

Mesophyllum simulans (Foslie) Lemoine, 1928:252. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Sangasiapu 

I.). 

Neogoniolithon Setchell and Mason 

Neogoniolithon frutescens (Foslie) Setchell and Mason 

Goniolithon frutescens Foslie, 1900b:9 [type locality: Funafuti, Ellice Is. 

(Tuvalu)].—Foslie, 1904:53. 

Neogoniolithon frutescens (Foslie) Setchell and Mason, 1943:91. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Sangasiapu 

Phymatolithon purpureum (P. Crouan and H. Crouan) Woelkerling and L. 

Irvine, 1986:71. 

Lithothamnion polymorphum [misapplied name; see Note].—Piccone, 

1889:51, 59. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

NOTE.—Millepora polymorpha Linnaeus (1767:1285) is a 

superfluous and hence illegitimate substitute name for M. 

calcarea Pallas (1766:265). Nonetheless, the two names have 

traditionally been applied to separate species. According to 

Woelkerling and Irvine (1986), the species traditionally but 

incorrectly known as Lithothamnion polymorphum (Linnaeus) 

J.E. Areschoug (1852:524) or Phymatolithon polymorphum 

(Linnaeus) Foslie (1898:4) is conspecific with L. purpureum 

P. Crouan and H. Crouan. 

Porolithon (Foslie) Foslie 

Porolithon onkodes (Heydrich) Foslie 

Lithothamnion onkodes Heydrich, 1897a:6, pi. I: fig. 11 [type locality: Tami 

I., Papua New Guinea]. 

Lithophyllum onkodes (Heydrich) Heydrich, 1901:533.—Foslie, 1904:57. 

Porolithon onkodes (Heydrich) Foslie, 1909:57 ["oncodes"]. 

I.). I.). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Sangasiapu 

Neogoniolithon megalocystum (Foslie) Setchell and Mason 

Goniolithon megalocystum Foslie, 1904:48, fig. 20, pi. IX: figs. 8, 9 [including Philippine record] [type locality: Karkaralong Is., Indonesia].—De 

Toni, 1924:663. 

Neogoniolithon megalocystum (Foslie) Setchell and Mason, 1943:90. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Sangasiapu 

I.). 

Phymatolithon Foslie 

Phymatolithon has earlier taxonomic synomyms, but has 

been proposed for conservation by Woelkerling and Irvine 

(1986). 

Phymatolithon calcareum (Pallas) Adey and McKibbin 

Millepora calcarea Pallas, 1766:265 [syntype localities: North Atlantic 

Ocean and Mediterranean Sea], 

Lithothamnion calcareum (Pallas) J.E. Areschoug, 1852:523.—Velasquez, 

1953b:206.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:152. 

Phymatolithon calcareum (Pallas) Adey and McKibbin, 1970:100. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Phymatolithon purpureum (P. Crouan and H. Crouan) 

Woelkerling and L. Irvine 

Lithothamnion purpureum P. Crouan and H. Crouan, 1867:150, pi. 20: fig. 

133 bis: 1-5 [lectotype locality: Mingant, near Brest, Finistere, France 

fide Woelkerling and Irvine, 1986:69, 71]. 

Sporolithon Heydrich 

Sporolithon erythraeum (Rothpletz) Kylin 

Lithothamnion erythraeum Rothpletz, 1893:5 [type locality: Red Sea]. 

Sporolithon erythraeum (Rothpletz) Kylin, 1956:205. 

Sporolithon ptychoides Heydrich f. durum Heydrich, 1897b:67, pi. Ill: figs. 

20-23 ["dura"] [type locality: Tor, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt]. 

Archaeolithothamnion erythraeum (Rothpletz) Foslie f. durum (Heydrich) 

Foslie, 1900d:8 ["dura"].—Foslie, 1904:38, pi. V: figs. 8, 9.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:128 [without designation of forma]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.). 

TAXON OF UNCERTAIN VALUE 

The following infraspecific taxon is related to Sporolithon 

erythraeum but has not been formally transferred to it. 

Archaeolithothamnion erythraeum (Rothpletz) Foslie 

f. molle (Heydrich) Foslie 

Sporolithon ptychoides Heydrich f. molle Heydrich, 1897b:67, pi. Ill: figs. 

15-19 ["mollis"] [type locality: Tor, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt]. 

Archaeolithothamnion erythraeum (Rothpletz) Foslie f. molle (Heydrich) Foslie, 1900d:8 ["mollis"].—Foslie, 1904:38, pi. VI: figs. 2-4, 7, 9.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:128 [without designation of forma]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I., 

Tongquil I.), Tawitawi (Pearl Bank, Sangasiapu I.). 

NOTE.—When establishing Sporolithon ptychoides, Heydrich divided the species into two formae, durum and molle. 
NUMBER 27 39 

Later, Heydrich (1897c:415-416) elevated f. molle to specific rank and thus lectotypified 5. ptychoides with f. durum. 

Foslie (1900d:8) proposed the conspecificity of Lithothamnion erythraeum and both forms of Sporolithon ptychoides. We 

are not convinced of the usefulness of giving taxonomic 

recognition to forma molle. 

Sporolithon schmidtii (Foslie) Gordon, Masaki, and 

Akioka 

Archaeolithothamnion schmidtii Foslie, 190lb: 16 [type locality: Ko Kahdat, 

Ko Chang Archipelago, Thailand].—Foslie, 1904:43, pi. VIII: fig. 16.— 

De Toni, 1924:603.—Foslie, 1929:pl. XLIV: fig. 16.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:128. 

Sporolithon schmidtii (Foslie) Gordon, Masaki, and Akioka, 1976:250. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Pearl 

Bank). 

Chondrococcus hornemannii (Lyngbye) Schmitz, 1895:170 ["hornemanni"].—Menez, 1961:73.—Villones and Magdamo, 1968:28, fig. 

25.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:182.—Westernhagen, 1973a:64.— 

Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:188.—Westernhagen, 1974:112 (table 

l)._Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:135.—Cordero, 1976c:8, 10, 

11; 1977a:96, fig. 53; 1978a:26; 1979b:289.—Garcia, 1979:44 (table 

1).—Puig and Cordero, 1979:39.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:98.—Menez 

and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:133.—Cordero, 

1984a:92; 1984b:66.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:28, fig. 22 [captions for figs. 21 and 22 interchanged]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Cavite, Batangas, Quezon, CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), 

Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. LEYTE (Biliran 

I.), PANAY: Aklan, Iloilo. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. CEBU 

(incl. Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO. PALAWAN, SULU: Sulu 

(Siasi I.). 

*Sporolithon sibogae (Weber-van Bosse and Foslie) 

P.C. Silva, new combination 

Archaeolithothamnion sibogae Weber-van Bosse and Foslie in Foslie, 1901c:3 

[type locality: Pearl Bank, Tawitawi Prov., Sulu Archipelago].—Foslie, 

1904:41, pi. VII.—De Toni, 1924:604.—Foslie, 1929:pl. XLIU: figs. 

5-15.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:128. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.), 

Tawitawi (Pearl Bank). 

Sporolithon timorense (Foslie) P.C. Silva, new 

combination 

Archaeolithothamnion timorense Foslie, 1904:42, pi. VIII: figs. 1-14 [lectotype locality: Sailus Besar, Great Paternoster Is., Indonesia fide Adey 

and Lebednik, 1967:85] [including Philippine record].—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:128. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.). 

Order GIGARTINALES 

Family RHIZOPHYLLIDACEAE 

Portieria Zanardini 

The complicated nomenclature of this genus is discussed 

in the appended Nomenclatural Notes. 

Portieria hornemannii (Lyngbye) P.C. Silva, 

new combination 

Desmia hornemannii Lyngbye, 1819:35, pi. 7:c ["hornemanni"] [type locality: probably Red Sea].—Reyes, 1972:154.—Trono, 1973d: 15, pi. 10: 

fig. 6.—Trono and Bina, 1973:5.—Trono, 1974b:88.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:140.—Cordero, 1976c:8.—Trono and Tuason, 

1978:15—Cordero, 1979b:276.—Reyes, 1980:132, pi. 8: fig. 1.— 

Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:65, fig. [s.n.].—Trono and De Lara, 

1981:15, pi. IX: fig. 3.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:33, pi. Ill: fig. 4. 

Portieria japonica (Harvey) P.C. Silva, new combination 

Desmia japonica Harvey, 1860a:331 [type locality: Shimoda, Shizuoka 

Prefecture, Japan]. 

Chondrococcus japonicus (Harvey) De Toni, 1895a:39.—Cordero, 

I977a:97; 1984a:93. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Bataan, 

Cavite, Quezon, MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Family POLYIDACEAE 

Rhodopeltis Harvey 

Rhodopeltis borealis Yamada 

Rhodopeltis borealis Yamada, 1931a:75, pi. XIX: fig. 1 [syntype localities: 

Ryukyu-retto, Japan; Kotosho (Hung-t'ou), Taiwan].—Mefiez, 

1961:72.—Domantay, 1962:293.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:161.—Cordero, 1976c:8; 1977a:98, fig. 59, pi. XII:c; 

1978a:25.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:33, pi. IV: fig. 3.—HurtadoPonce, 1983:134.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:28, fig. 23. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION. 

Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan. 

-BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Rhodopeltis gracilis Yamada and Tanaka 

Rhodopeltis gracilis Yamada and Tanaka in Yamada, 1935:30, fig. 1, pi. 

15: fig. 2 [syntype localities: Chichi-jima, Ogasawara-gunto (Bonin Is.), 

Japan; Kotosho (Hung-t'ou), Taiwan].—Mefiez, 1961:72, pi. 7: figs. 78 -

80.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:161.—Cordero, 1976c:9, 10; 

1977a:98, figs. 54, 55; 1978a:26. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION. 

nan. LEYTE. 

-BATANES. LUZON: Pangasi-
40 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Family NEMASTOMATACEAE 

Titanophora (J. Agardh) J. Feldmann 

Titanophora incrustans (J. Agardh) B</>rgesen 

Halymenia incrustans]. Agardh, 1885:15 [type locality: Florida, USA]. 

Titanophora incrustans (J. Agardh) B0rgesen, 1949:4.—Velasquez et al., 

1973:30, pi. 13: fig. 60. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Bataan, Batangas. 

Titanophora weberae B</>rgesen 

Titanophora weberae B^rgesen, 1943:39, fig. 13 [type locality: Salee Strait, 

Irian Barat, Indonesia].—Domantay, 1962:293.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:165.—Cordero, 1977a:118, figs. 91-93 , 95, pi. 

XIX:A.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983: 

139.—Cordero, 1984b:65. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas, Quezon, MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: Eastern 

Samar. CENTRAL VISAYAS. PALAWAN. 

Family SEBDENIACEAE 

Sebdenia (J. Agardh) Berthold 

Sebdenia limensis (Kutzing) Howe 

Euhymenia limensis Kutzing, 1849:743 [type locality: Callao, Peru].— 

Martens, 1868:90-91 [with query].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:143. 

Sebdenia limensis (Kutzing) Howe, 1914:160. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Sebdenia yamadae Okamura and Segawa 

Sebdenia yamadae Okamura and Segawa in Segawa, 1938:144, fig. 6, pi. 

34: fig. 1 ["yamadai"] [syntype localities: various, all in Japan].—Cordero, 

1977a: 150, fig. 143, pi. XXI:C 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SIQUIJOR. 

PANAY: Aklan. LEYTE (Biliran I.), CEBU (Mactan I.). PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.), SULU: Tawitawi. 

Gelidiopsis Schmitz 

Gelidiopsis intricata (C. Agardh) Vickers 

Sphaerococcus intricatus C. Agardh, 1822a:333 [syntype localities: Mauritius; Hawaiian Is.; "Ravak" (Lawak), Waigeo I., Moluccas, Indonesia]. 

Gelidiopsis intricata (C. Agardh) Vickers, 1905:61.—Reyes, 1972:152.— 

Trono, 1972a:104; 1973d:19.—Trono and Bina, 1973:3.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:145.—Cordero, 1976c:10; 1977a:l 19, figs. 99, 

100; 1978a:21.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:87, fig. [s.n.].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:18, pi. XI: 

fig. 1—Calumpong, 1982:145.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:30. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Batangas, Quezon, MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. NEGROS: 

Negros Oriental, SIQUIJOR. SULU: Tawitawi. 

Gelidiopsis repens (Kutzing) Weber-van Bosse 

Gelidium repens Kutzing, 1868:21, pi. 60: figs, a, b [type locality: New 

Caledonia]. 

Gelidiopsis repens (Kutzing) Weber-van Bosse, 1928:425.—Cordero, 

1976c:8, 9, 10; 1977a:121, figs. 98, 267; 1978a:22, 53; 1980b:54, fig. 

19B, pi. 36; 1984c:55. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan, Zambales. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

MASBATE. SAMAR: Western Samar, Eastern Samar. PANAY: 

Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN. 

Gelidiopsis variabilis (J. Agardh) Schmitz 

Gelidium variabile]. Agardh, 1851 [1851-1863]:468 [type locality: India]. 

Gelidiopsis variabilis (J. Agardh) Schmitz, 1895:148.—Cordero, 1977a: 

122 ["Gelidiopsis repens" in error]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION. 

doro. 

-MINDORO: Oriental MinFamily GRACILARIACEAE 

Ceratodictyon Zanardini 

Ceratodictyon spongiosum Zanardini 

Ceratodictyon spongiosum Zanardini, 1878:37 [type locality: Aru Is., Indonesia].—Trono, 1972a: 104; 1973d: 19 — Trono and Bina, 1973:9.— 

Cordero, 1979b:29L—Puig and Cordero, 1979:41.—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:99.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:85, fig. [s.n.].—Mefiez 

and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:42.—Trono 

and Ang, 1982:20.—Cordero, 1984a: 100.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 

1984a:5I, fig. 42. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Batangas, Quezon, MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Gracilaria Greville 

Gracilaria arcuata Zanardini 

Gracilaria arcuata Zanardini, 1858:265, pi. V: fig. 2 [type locality: Aqaba, 

Jordan].—Weber-van Bosse, 1928:429, fig. 173.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:146.—Cordero, 1977a: 124, fig. 101, pi. XX:B; 

1980b:55, fig. 18, pi. [49].—Trono and Fortes, 1980:73.—Trono 

and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:95, fig. [s.n.].—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Calumpong, 1982:145.—Trono 

and Fortes, 1982:152.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:140.—Cordero, 1984a: 

100; 1984c:55.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:180.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 

1984b: 126.—Tungpalan, 1984:138.—Abbott, 1985:89, fig. 17.— 

Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1985:66. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos 

Norte, Batangas. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. MASBATE. 
NUMBER 27 41 

NEGROS: Negros Occidental (incl. Ilacaon I., Suyac I.), Negros Oriental (incl. Apo I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Davao. 

PALAWAN, SULU: Sulu (Tongquil I.). 

Gracilaria arcuata Zanardini 

var. snackeyi Weber-van Bosse 

Gracilaria arcuata Zanardini var. snackeyi Weber-van Bosse, 1928:430, fig. 

173 [type locality: Macassar, Celebes, Indonesia].—Trono, AzanzaCorrales, and Manuel, 1983:32, fig. 7.—Abbott, 1985:89. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas. 

Gracilaria blodgettii Harvey 

Gracilaria blodgettii Harvey, 1853:111 [type locality: Key West, Florida, 

USA].—Cordero, 1977a:124, figs. 102, 103, 105, 112, pi. XIX:B; 

1979b:292; 1980b:56, fig. 19A.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.— 

Calumpong, 1982:145.—Mefiez, Phillips, and Calumpong, 1983:18.— 

Cordero, 1984c:55.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:46, fig. 38. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, MASBATE. SAMAR: Western Samar. PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Apo I.), CEBU. SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN. 

Gracilaria bursa-pastoris (S.G. Gmelin) P.C. Silva 

Fucus bursa-pastoris S.G. Gmelin, 1768:121, pi. VIII: fig. 3 [type locality: 

Mediterranean Sea]. 

Gracilaria bursa-pastoris (S.G. Gmelin) P.C. Silva, 1952a:265.—Cordero, 

1977a:125, fig. 106. 

Sphaerococcus compressus C. Agardh, 1822a:308 [syntype localities: Cadiz, 

Spain; Oneglia, Liguria, Italy]. 

Gracilaria compressa (C. Agardh) Greville, 1830:liv.—Howe, 1932:169.— 

Mefiez, 1961:74.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:146.—Trono 

and Fortes, 1980:73.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Trono and Fortes, 

1982:152.—Abbott, 1985:89. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas, Quezon, Albay. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: 

Eastern Samar. PANAY. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by J. Agardh (1852 

[1851-1863]:593). 

Gracilaria canaliculata Sonder 

Sphaerococcus canaliculars Kutzing, 1868:29, pi. 82: figs, d, e [type locality: 

Wagap, New Caledonia]. 

Gracilaria canaliculata Sonder, 1871:56.—Cantoria, Valenzuela, and Velasquez, 1951:187, fig. 2.—Cantoria, Velasquez, and Valenzuela, 

1951:297, 298.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:146.—Abbott, 

1985:89, fig. 43. 

Corallopsis opuntia]. Agardh, 1872:40 [type locality: Sri Lanka].—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 1974:112 (table I). 

Gracilaria crassa Harvey ex J. Agardh, 1876:417 [type locality: Sri 

Lanka].—Seale, 1911:309.—Wester, 1916:159; 1921:224; 1924: 

21.—G. Blanco, 1938:513.—Quisumbing, 1951:1010.—Montilla 

and Blanco, 1953:166.—Zaneveld, 1956:38; 1959:118.—Domantay, 1962:291.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:146.—Cordero, 1977a:127, figs. 108-110; 1978a:36.—Trono and Azanza-Corrales, 1979:26.—Cordero, 1980b:56, fig. 20, pi. [48].—Trono and 

Fortes, 1980:73.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Calumpong, 1982:145.—Cordero, 1982a:60, 61. — 

Saraya and Trono, 1982:41.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:152.—MarcosAgngarayngay, 1984b: 127.—Abbott, 1985:89. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, La Union, Pangasinan, 

Manila Bay. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: Western 

Samar. NEGROS: Negros Oriental (incl. Apo I.), CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Davao. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Newton 

(1953:412). Sphaerococcus canaliculars Kutzing, the intended basionym of Gracilaria canaliculata, is a later homonym of 5. canaliculars C. Agardh (1822a:260) and hence 

not priorable. Gracilaria canaliculata Sonder is treated as a 

nomen novum in accordance with Article 72, Note 1, of 

the ICBN. 

Gracilaria coronopifolia J. Agardh 

Gracilaria coronopifolia]. Agardh, 1852 [1851-1863]:592 [type locality: 

Oahu, Hawaiian Is.].—Galutira and Velasquez, 1964:508, pi. 5: fig. 14; 

pi. 9: fig. 34.—Velasquez, 1972:63.—Cordero, 1977a:127, figs. 104, 

104a, pi. XX:A ; 1978a:35.—Trono and Azanza-Corrales, 1979:26.— 

Velasquez, 1979b:23L—Liao and Sotto, 1980:99.—Trono and Fortes, 

1980:73.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:89, fig. [s.n.].—GanzonFortes, 1981:22.—Guzman, 1981:42, 44 ["coronipifolia"].—Laserna et 

al., 1981:443.—Trono, 1981b:55 (table 1).—Trono and Azanza-Corrales, 1981:743.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:18.—Cordero, 1982a:60, 

61.—Luistro, Cajipe, and Laserna, 1982:46.—Trono and Ang, 

1982:19.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:152.—Hurtado-Ponce, 

1983:140.—Trono, Azanza-Corrales, and Manuel, 1983:20, figs. 2, 

9b.—Cordero, 1984a: 101; 1984b:66; 1984c:55.—Hurtado-Ponce, 

1984:180.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984b: 127.—Tungpalan, 1984: 

138.—Abbott, 1985:89, fig. 46. 

Gracilaria lichenoides (Lamouroux) Greville f. coronopifolia (J. Agardh) 

May, 1948:37.—Zaneveld, 1956:39; 1959:119. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan, Cavite, Batangas, Sorsogon. 

MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. MASBATE. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU. SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. PALAWAN (incl. Bugsuk I.), SULU: Sulu (Lapac I., 

Siasi I.). 

Gracilaria cylindrica B^rgesen 

Gracilaria cylindrica B^rgesen, 1920:375, figs. 364, 365 [type locality: St. 

Jan (St. John), Virgin Is.].—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 1974:112 (table 

I).—Reyes, 1980:135, pi. 10, fig. 1. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. 

Gracilaria damaecomis J. Agardh 

Gracilaria damaecomis ]. Agardh, 1852 [1851-1863]:597 [type locality: 

Atlantic North America].—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 1974:112 (table 

I)-

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 
42 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Gracilaria disticha (J. Agardh) J. Agardh 

Sphaerococcus distichus]. Agardh, 1837:172 [type locality: Ethiopia]. 

Gracilaria disticha (J. Agardh) J. Agardh, 1852 [1851-1863]:594.—Abbott, 1985:89, fig. 56. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—ROMBLON (Sibuyan I.). 

Gracilaria edulis (S.G. Gmelin) P.C. Silva 

Fucus edulis S.G. Gmelin, 1768:113 [syntype localities: various, all in 

"India Orientalis" (Indonesia)]. 

Gracilaria edulis (S.G. Gmelin) P.C. Silva, 1952a:293'.—Cordero, 

1977a: 128, fig. 111.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:140.—Cordero, 1984a: 

101.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:180.—Abbott, 1985:89, figs. 55, 58. 

Fucus lichenoides Turner, 1809:124, pi. 118: figs, a-c, e-i [superfluous 

name]. 

Gigartina lichenoides Lamouroux, 1813:137. 

Sphaerococcus lichenoides (Lamouroux) C. Agardh, 1817:XVII.—Martens, 

1868:31, 94-95.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:163. 

Gracilaria lichenoides (Lamouroux) Greville, 1830:liv.—Seale, 

1911:309.—Wester, 1916:159; 1921:224; 1924:21.—Collado, 

1926:129 [with query].—Howe, 1932:169.—G. Blanco, 1938:513.— 

Cantoria, Valenzuela, and Velasquez, 1951:187, fig. 3.—Cantoria, Velasquez, and Valenzuela, 1951:297, 298 [f. lichenoides].—Quisumbing, 

1951:50.—Montilla and Blanco, 1953:166.—Zaneveld, 1956:38; 

1959:119.—Domantay, 1962:290.—De Leon and Domantay, 

1971:5.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:146.—Trono and Fortes, 

1980:73.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Cordero, 1982a:60, 61. — 

Trono and Fortes, 1982:153.—Abbott, 1985:89. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos, La Union, Pangasinan, Manila Bay, Sorsogon. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. PANAY. MINDANAO: 

Zamboanga. 

NOTE.—Fucus lichenoides Turner, the intended basionym 

of Gracilaria lichenoides (and other combinations), is a later 

homonym of F. lichenoides S.G. Gmelin (1768:120, pi. VIII: 

figs. 1, 2) and hence not priorable. Gigartina lichenoides 

Lamouroux is treated as a nomen novum in accordance 

with Article 72, Note 1, of the ICBN. Fucus lichenoides 

Turner is not only a later homonym, but also superfluous, 

since its protologue included the citation of F. edulis S.G. 

Gmelin. 

Gracilaria eucheumoides Harvey 

Gracilaria eucheumoides Harvey, 1860a:331 ["eucheumioides"] [syntype localities: various, all in Ryukyu-retto, Japan].—Dickie, 1876a:243.— 

Seale, 1911:309.—Wester, 1916:159; 1921:224; 1924:21.—G. Blanco, 

1938:513.—Quisumbing, 1951:1010.—Montilla and Blanco, 1953 

166.—Zaneveld, 1956:38; 1959:118.—Domantay, 1962:290.—De 

Leon and Domantay, 1971:5, 9.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972 

182, 183.—Reyes, 1972:155.—Trono, 1972a: 104.—Bersamin et al. 

1973:187.—Trono, 1973d: 18, pi. 9: fig. 1 .—Trono and Bina 

1973:9.—Velasquez et al., 1973:31, pi. 13: fig. 63.—Westernhagen 

1973a:65— Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:186, 187, 188.—Trono 

1974b:90; 1974e: 18.—Westernhagen, 1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:146.—Cordero, 1976c: 10; 1977a: 129, figs 

113, 113a, 114, pis. X, XX; 1978a:37; 1979b:292, fig. 4.—Puig and 

Cordero, 1979:40.—Cordero, 1980b:57, fig. 21, pi. 37.—Liao and 

Sotto, 1980:99.—Reyes, 1980:135, pi. 9: fig. 5.—Trono and Fortes, 

1980:73.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:91, fig. [s.n.].—Chan, 

1981:387.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Guzman, 1981:43, 51.—Menez and Calumpong, 1981:381 —Tron o and De Lara, 1981:18.— 

Calumpong, 1982:145.—Cordero, 1982a:60, 61.—Saraya and Trono, 

1982:40, pi. VI: fig. 4.—Trono and Ang, 1982:19.—Trono and Fortes, 

1982:153.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:141 .—Trono, Azanza-Corrales, and 

Manuel, 1983:27, fig. 5.—Cordero, 1984a: 101.—Hurtado-Ponce, 

1984:180.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:48, fig. 39; 1984b: 127.— 

Tungpalan, 1984:138.—Abbott, 1985:89.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 

1985:66. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, 

Pangasinan, Bataan, Batangas, Quezon, Sorsogon. MARINDUQUE. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: Northern Samar, Western Samar, 

Eastern Samar. LEYTE (incl. Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Occidental (incl. Ilacaon I.), Negros Oriental. 

CEBU (incl. Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga 

(incl. Sacol I.), Misamis Occidental. PALAWAN (incl. Bugsuk 

I.), SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

Gracilaria foliifera (Forsskal) B^rgesen 

Fucus foliifer Forsskal, 1775:191 [type locality: Mokha, Yemen]. 

Gracilaria foliifera (Forsskal) B^rgesen, 1932:7. 

Fucus lacinulatus Vahl, 1802:39 [type locality: St. Croix, Virgin Is.]. 

Gracilaria lacinulata (Vahl) Howe, 1920:562.—Weber-van Bosse, 

1928:434.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:146.—Trono and 

Fortes,. 1980:73.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Trono and Fortes, 

1982:153.—Abbott, 1985:89. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy 

(1932:7). 

—SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.). 

was proposed by B^rgesen 

Gracilaria foliifera (Forsskal) B$rgesen 

f. aeruginosa (Turner) B</>rgesen 

Fucus aeruginosus Turner, 1811:29, pi. 147 [syntype localities: Portugal; 

Red Sea]. 

Gracilaria foliifera (Forsskal) B^rgesen f. aeruginosa (Turner) B^rgesen, 

1938:226. 

Gracilaria multipartita (Clemente y Rubio) Harvey var. aeruginosa (Turner) 

J. Agardh, 1852 [ 1851-1863]:601.— Grunow, 1867:83. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON. 

Gracilaria gigas Harvey 

Gracilaria gigas Harvey, 1860a:331 [type locality: Shimoda, Shizuoka 

Prefecture, Japan].—Kraft, 1972:332.—Trono, Azanza-Corralies, and 

Manuel, 1983:31, figs. 6, 11a.—Abbott, 1985:89, fig. 39. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Sorsogon. 
NUMBER 27 43 

Gracilaria incurvata Okamura 

Gracilaria incurvata Okamura, 1931 [ 1929-1932]:41, pi. CCLXXIH: figs. 

1-6 [syntype localities: various, all in Japan].—Cordero, 1984a: 101. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Gracilaria minor (Sonder) Durairatnam 

Corallopsis salicornia (C. Agardh) Greville var. minor Sonder, 1871:56, pi. 

Ill: figs. 6-11 [type locality: Cape York, Queensland, Australia]. 

Corallopsis minor (Sonder) J. Agardh, 1876:409.—Piccone, 1886:68, 

90.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:138. 

Gracilaria minor (Sonder) Durairatnam, 1961:64. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cavite. 

Western Samar, Eastern Samar. LEYTE (incl. Biliran I.). 

PANAY: Aklan, Iloilo. NEGROS: Negros Occidental (incl. Ilacaon I., Suyac I.), Negros Oriental (incl. Apo I.), CEBU (incl. 

Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga (incl. Sacol I.), 

Misamis Occidental, Surigao del Sur, Davao (incl. Samal I.). 

PALAWAN (incl. Cuyo I.), SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

NOTE.—Th e type specimen of Sphaerococcus salicornia 

was said by Agardh to have been collected by Chamisso at 

Unalaska (during the voyage of the Rurik), but Dawson 

(1954a:5) showed that the provenance probably was Manila. 

The Rurik remained at Manila from 17 December 1817 to 

29 January 1818, following its voyage from Unalaska by 

way of Hawaii and Guam. 

Gracilaria papenfussii Abbott 

Gracilaria papenfussii Abbott, 1983:562, figs. 1-3 [type locality: La Jolla, 

California, USA]. 

Gracilaria andersonii [misapplied name fide Abbott, 1983:562].—Cordero, 1977a: 123, figs. 96, 97. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cavite. 

Gracilaria spinigera Dawson 

Gracilaria spinigera Dawson, 1949a:24, pi. 8: figs. 1-3, 5; pi. 9: figs. 1-3 

[type locality: Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico].—Cordero, 1977a: 134, fig. 

119, pi. XXI:A; 1980b:58, fig. 23, pi. [52]; 1984a:102. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

*Gracilaria salicornia (C. Agardh) Dawson 

Sphaerococcus salicornia C. Agardh, 1820a: pi. VIII [type locality: said to 

be Unalaska, Aleutian Is., but probably Manila, Luzon]. 

Corallopsis salicornia (C. Agardh) Greville, 1830:liii.—Cantoria, Velasquez, and Valenzuela, 1951:296, footnote. 

Gracilaria salicornia (C. Agardh) Dawson, 1954a:4, fig. 3 [including Philippine record].—De Leon, Eufemio, and Pineda, 1963:82 (table 1).— 

Galutira and Velasquez, 1964:506, pi. 5: figs. 15a, 156; pi. 8: figs. 32a, 

326.—Velasquez, 1968a: 121, fig. 7.—Villones and Magdamo, 1968:28, 

fig. 28.—Velasquez, 1971:448, fig. 31.—Reyes, 1972:155.—Trono, 

1972a: 104.—Velasquez, 1972:63.—Trono, 1973d:18, pi. 9: fig. 3.— 

Trono and Bina, 1973:9.—Velasquez et al., 1973:30, pi. 13: fig. 62.— 

De Leon, 1974:31, 33, photo [s.n.], fig. [s.n.].—Ortega, Alcala, and 

Reyes, 1974:185.—Trono, 1974b:90; 1974e: 18.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:146.—Cordero, 1977a: 132, figs. 116-118, pi. 

XIX:C—Tahil, 1978:52.—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:22, fig. 24.— 

Cordero, 1979b:276.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:41.—Trono and 

Azanza-Corrales, 1979:26.—Velasquez, 1979b:23L—Cordero, 

1980b:57, fig. 22, pi. 38.—Fortes and Trono, 1980:60.—Liao and 

Sotto, 1980:99.—Reyes, 1980:135, pi. 9: fig. 4.—Trono and Fortes, 

1980:73.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:93, fig. [s.n.].—Trono, 

Velasquez, and Guevarra, 1980:78.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Guzman, 1981:43.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Trono, 1981b:55 

(table 1).—Trono and Azanza-Corrales, 1981:743.—Trono and De 

Lara, 1981:18.—Calumpong, 1982:145.—Cordero, 1982a:60, 61. — 

Trono and Fortes, 1982:153.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:141.—Trono, 

Azanza-Corrales, and Manuel, 1983:23, figs. 3, 4b.—Cordero, 

1984a: 102; 1984c:55.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:180.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:48, fig. 40; 1984b: 127.—Abbott, 1985:89, fig. 42.— 

Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1985:66. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan, Zambales, Bataan, Rizal, Cavite, Quezon, Batangas, Sorsogon. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro 

(incl. Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MASBATE. SAMAR: 

Gracilaria spinulosa (Okamura) Chang and Xia 

Rhodymenia spinulosa Okamura, 1934 [1933-1942]:33, pi. 318: figs. 1-6 

[type locality: Tainan, Taiwan].—Mefiez, 1961:78.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:162—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

Gracilaria spinulosa (Okamura) Chang and Xia, 1976:148. 

Gracilaria purpurascens J. Agardh, 1885:63 [type locality: Sri Lanka].— 

Cordero, 1977a: 130, fig. 115. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

NOTE.—Rhodymenia spinulosa was referred to Gracilaria 

by Yamada (194la:204) as a form of G. purpurascens J. 

Agardh. The latter name, however, is a later homonym of 

G. purpurascens Greville (1830:liv) and must be replaced. 

Gracilaria textorii (Suringar) De Toni 

Sphaerococcus textorii Suringar, 1867:259 [type locality: Japan]. 

Gracilaria textorii (Suringar) De Toni, 1895a:27.—Cordero, 1977a: 135; 

1980b:59, pi. [58] [G. textorii prox.]; 1984a: 102.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984b:128 [G. textorii prox.].—Tungpalan, 1984:138.—Abbott, 

1985:90, fig. 26. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Gracilaria turgida Dawson 

Gracilaria turgida Dawson, 1949a: 14, pi. 21; pi. 24: fig. 1 [type locality: 

Newport-Balboa, Orange County, California, USA].—Saraya and 

Trono, 1982:40, pi. VI: fig. 3.—Abbott, 1985:90. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 
44 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Gracilaria venezuelensis W.R. Taylor 

Gracilaria venezuelensis W.R. Taylor, 1942:110, pi. 3: fig. 10 [type locality: 

Isla Cubagua, Venezuela].—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 1974:112 (table 

I). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson) Papenfuss 

Fucus verrucosus Hudson, 1762:470 [type locality: England]. 

Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson) Papenfuss, 1950:195.—Galutira and Velasquez, 1964:507, pi. 4: fig. 13; pi. 8: fig. 33.—Velasquez, 1968a: 121, 

fig. 8.—Villones and Magdamo, 1968:29, fig. 29.—De Leon and Domantay, 1971:5, 9.—Velasquez, 1971:448, fig. 32.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:180.—Reyes, 1972:155.—Velasquez, 1972:63.—Cordero, 1973b:33.—Velasquez etal., 1973:30, pi. 13: fig. 61.—Westernhagen, 1973a:65.—Trono, 1974e: 18.—Westernhagen, 1974:112 (table 

I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:146.—Cordero, 1976c:8, 10; 

1977a:135; 1978a:37.—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:22, fig. 18.—Laserna et al., 1978:111.—Cordero, 1979b:276, 292.—Garcia, 1979: 

45 (table 1).—Puig and Cordero, 1979:41.—Trono and Azanza-Corrales, 1979:26.—Velasquez, 1979b:23L—Cordero, 1980b:59, pi. 39.— 

Liao and Sotto, 1980:99.—Reyes, 1980:135, pi. 9: fig. 6.—Trono 

and Fortes, 1980:74.—Trono, Velasquez, and Guevarra, 1980:78.— 

Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Guzman, 1981:42, 46, 47.—Laserna 

etal., 1981:443.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Trono, 1981b: 

55 (table 1).—Trono and Azanza-Corrales, 1981:743.—Calumpong, 1982:145.—Cordero, 1982a:60, 61.—Luistro, Cajipe, and Laserna, 1982:46.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:153.—Hurtado-Ponce, 

1983:142.—Trono, Azanza-Corrales, and Manuel, 1983:17, figs. 1, 

4a.—Cordero, 1984a: 102.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:180.—MarcosAgngarayngay, 1984a:50, fig. 41; 1984b: 128.—Tungpalan, 1984: 

138.—Abbott, 1985:90, fig. 9.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1985: 

64, 66. 

Fucus confervoides Linnaeus, 1763:1629 [type locality: England]. 

Ceramium confervoides Wiggers, 1780:91. 

Sphaerococcus confervoides (Wiggers) Stackhouse, 1797 [1795-1801: 

xxiv.—Martens, 1868:94-95.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975: 

163. 

Gracilaria confervoides (Wiggers) Greville, 1830:liv.—Montagne, 

1844a:662.—Seale, 1911:309.—Wester, 1916:158; 1921:224; 

1924:21.—G. Blanco, 1938:512.—De Leon, Leyva, and Martinez-Pesigan, 1947:381.—Abagon, Bufiag, and De Vera, 1951:41.—Quisumbing, 1951:1010.—Montilla and Blanco, 1953:166.—Velasquez, 

1953a:100; 1953b:206.—Villaluz, 1953:186, 187.—Sulit, Salcedo, and 

Panganiban, 1956:280.—Zaneveld, 1956:36; 1959:117.—Domantay, 

1968:25.—De Leon and Domantay, 1971:5, 9.—Bersamin et al., 

1973:186.—Sulit, Salcedo, and Panganiban, 1973:177-182.—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:146.—Abbott, 1985:89. 

* Fucus gulaman M. Blanco, 1837:839 [syntype localities: Tambobo ("Tambobon") and Parafiaque, Rizal Prov., Luzon] [probable taxonomic synonym].—Montilla and Blanco, 1953:166.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:144. 

Fucus edulis [probable misapplied name fide Merrill, 1918:41].—M. 

Blanco, 1845:580; 1879:260.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:144. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Pampanga, Bulacan, Rizal, Manila, Cavite, Batangas, Quezon, 

Albay (Batan I.), MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro, Oriental 

Mindoro. SAMAR: Western Samar, Eastern Samar. LEYTE 

(Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU 

(incl. Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. PALAWAN, SULU. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Papenfuss 

(1950:195). Fucus confervoides Linnaeus, the intended basionym of Gracilaria confervoides (and other combinations), 

is a later homonym of F. confervoides Hudson (1762:474) 

and hence not priorable. Ceramium confervoides Wiggers is 

treated as a nomen novum in accordance with Article 72, 

Note 1, of the ICBN. Although the Tagalog word "gulaman" is applied to various red algae that are rich in hydrocolloids, Blanco's description of F. gulaman appears to apply, at least in part, to the stringy Gracilaria currently called 

G. confervoides or G. verrucosa. Martens (1868:45-46) 

thought that it applied to two species, Sphaerococcus gelatinus 

(= Eucheuma gelatinum) and 5. lichenoides (= Gracilaria 

edulis), while Seale (1911:309) and Quisumbing 

(1951:1007) thought that it applied to a species of Agardhiella. In the absence of authentic specimens, a definitive 

placement is impossible. 

Gracilaria vieillardii P.C. Silva, new name 

Sphaerococcus denticulatus Kutzing, 1869:19, pi. 51: figs, e-g [type locality: 

New Caledonia]. 

Gracilaria denticulata (Kutzing) Weber-van Bosse, 1928:432 [replaced 

name].—Cordero, 1976c:10; 1977a: 128, fig. 109; 1978a:36. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION . —BATANES . 

NOTE.—Gracilaria vieillardii is proposed as a substitute 

name for G. denticulata (Kutzing) Weber-van Bosse, a later 

homonym of G. denticulata Schmitz ex Mazza (1907:138). 

Polycavernosa Chang and Xia 

Polycavernosa debilis (Forsskal) Fredericq and J. Norris 

Fucus debilis Forsskal, 1775:191 [type locality: Mokha, Yemen]. 

Gracilaria debilis (Forsskal) B^rgesen, 1932:7.—Taylor, 1977b: 13. 

Polycavernosa debilis (Forsskal) Fredericq and J. Norris, 1985:152. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

NOTE.—Xi a and Abbott (1985) support the segregation 

of Polycavernosa from Gracilaria on the basis of the origin 

of the compound spermatangial conceptacles from inner or 

medullary cells and the indirect origin of the gonimoblast 

from the fusion cell. 

Family PLOCAMIACEAE 

Plocamium Lamouroux 

Plocamium costatum (C. Agardh) J. Hooker and Harvey 

Delesseria plocamium (S.G. Gmelin) C. Agardh var. costata C. Agardh, 

1822a:181 [type locality: Western Australia, Australia]. 

Plocamium costatum (C. Agardh) J. Hooker and Harvey, 1847:404.— 

Cordero, 1977a: 140, fig. 127, pi. XXLB . 
NUMBER 27 45 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Sorsogon. 

*Plocamium patens Martens 

Plocamium patens Martens, 1868:32 [type locality: Zamboanga, Mindanao].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:160. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

*Plocamium serrulatum Okamura var. pectinatum 

Cordero 

Plocamium serrulatum Okamura var. pectinatum Cordero, 1977a: 140, figs. 

128, 129 [type locality: Batan I., Batanes Prov., Luzon].—Cordero, 

1978a:38 (as unnamed variety). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

NOTE.—This name was previously published without a 

description by Cordero (1976c:8, 9, 11 ["pectinata"]). 

Plocamium telfairiae (W. Hooker and Harvey) 

Harvey ex Kutzing 

Thamnophora telfairiae W. Hooker and Harvey in Harvey, 1834a: 149, pi. 

CXXV [type locality: Cap Malheureux, Mauritius]. 

Plocamium telfairiae (W. Hooker and Harvey) Harvey ex Kutzing, 

1849:885.—Cordero, 1977a:141; 1978a:38. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan, Bataan, Batangas. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. PALAWAN. 

Family SARCODIACEAE 

Sarcodia J. Agardh 

Sarcodia montagneana (J. Hooker and Harvey) J. Agardh 

Rhodymenia montagneana J. Hooker and Harvey, 1845b:544 ["Rhodomenia"] [type locality: Bay of Islands, New Zealand]. 

Sarcodia montagneana (J. Hooker and Harvey) J. Agardh, 1852 [1851 -

1863]:623. 

Sarcodia ceylanica Harvey ex Kutzing, 1869:12, pi. 33: figs, a, b [type 

locality: Sri Lanka].—Cordero, 1977a:l 16. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Yendo 

(1917:82) and maintained by B^rgesen (1954:28). 

Family SOLIERIACEAE 

Callophycus Trevisan 

Callophycus serratus (Harvey ex Kutzing) P.C. Silva 

Thysanocladia serrata Harvey ex Kutzing, 1869:10, pi. 29: figs, a, b [type 

locality: Tonga]. 

Callophycus serratus (Harvey ex Kutzing) P.C. Silva, 1957:143.—Kraft, 

1984:54, 56, figs. 3-5 , 7, 10-16. 

Eucheuma}. Agardh 

Eucheuma alvarezii Doty 

Eucheuma alvarezii Doty, 1985:37, figs. 1-6 [including Philippine record] 

[type locality: Creagh Reef, Sabah, Malaysia]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi. 

*Eucheuma alvarezii Doty var. ajakii-assii Doty 

Eucheuma alvarezii Doty var. ajakii-assii Doty, 1985:42, fig. 8 ["ajak-assi"] 

[type locality: Tumindao I., Tawitawi Prov.]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi. 

*Eucheuma alvarezii Doty var. tambalangii Doty 

Eucheuma alvarezii Doty var. tambalangii Doty, 1985:41, fig. 7 ["tambalang"] [type locality: Calatagan, Batangas Prov.]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. SULU: 

Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Th e varietal epithets of the two foregoing taxa 

commemorate three persons named Ajak, Assi, and Tambalang and therefore are to be written ajakii-assii and tambalangii in accordance with Article 73.10 of the ICBN. We 

doubt the wisdom or usefulness of giving formal taxonomic 

recognition to horticultural strains, which these varieties 

seem to be. 

Eucheuma arnoldii Weber-van Bosse 

Eucheuma arnoldii Weber-van Bosse, 1928:421, pi. XIII: fig. 1 [type 

locality: Gisser (Gesser) I., near Ceram, Indonesia].—Kraft, 1972:318-

334, figs. 1-18.—Trono, 1973d:19; 1974c:328, 333; 1974d:4; 

1974e: 18.—Cordero, 1977a:151, fig. 144, pi. XXIV:D.—Smith and 

Pestano-Smith, 1980:7.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:72.—Ganzon-Fortes, 

1981:22.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Calumpong, 

1982:145.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:38.—Trono and Ang, 

1982:17.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:151. 

Eucheuma cupressoideum Weber-van Bosse, 1928:421, pi. XIV: fig. 3 [type 

locality: Torres Strait].—Kraft, 1972:321, 323.—Cordero, 1977a:153, 

figs. 147, 150; I984a:98. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. NEGROS: Negros Occidental (Ilacaon I.), Oriental Mindoro. CEBU. BOHOL. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.), SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Kraft (1972). 

*Eucheuma arnoldii Weber-van Bosse var. alcyonida 

Kraft 

Eucheuma arnoldii Weber-van Bosse var. alcyonida Kraft, 1972: 323, figs. 

5, 11 [type locality: Bulusan, Sorsogon Prov., Luzon]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 
46 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Eucheuma cottonii Weber-van Bosse 

Eucheuma cottonii Weber-van Bosse, 1913b: 115, pi. 12: fig. 2 [syntype 

localities: Saya de Malha and Cargados Carajos, Indian Ocean].—Doty, 

1969:4, figs, A, D.—De Leon and Domantay, 1971:5, 11.—Velasquez, 

1971:449.—Kraft, 1972:326, 327, 329, 332.—Cordero, 1973b:32.— 

Trono, 1973d: 19, pi. 12: figs. 13, 15.—Trono and Bina, 1973:7.— 

Westernhagen, 1973a:65.—Trono, 1974b:92; 1974c:333; 1974d:4; 

1974e:18, 19.—Westernhagen, 1974:112 (table I).—Cordero, 

1979b:276.—Ricohermoso and Deveau, 1979:525.—Smith and Pestafio-Smith, 1980:7.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:72.—Donaire, 1981 

166.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981 

381.—Laite and Ricohermoso, 1981:595.—Calumpong, 1982 

145.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:38.—Trono and Ang, 1982 

17.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:151.—Doty and Norris, 1985:figs. 

5,6. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Sorsogon. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: 

Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Occidental (Ilacaon I.), CEBU (Mactan I.), BOHOL. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. PALAWAN (Bugsuk 

I., Cabulauan I.), SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

Eucheuma cottonii var. erecta 

Eucheuma cottonii var. erecta—De Leon, 1974:30, 32, photo [s.n.]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—De Leon did not give an author for this name 

and we have been unable to find its place of publication. 

Eucheuma crassum Zanardini 

Eucheuma crassum Zanardini, 1878:36 [type locality: Aru Is., Indonesia].—Westernhagen, I973a:65.—Cordero, 1977a: 151, fig. 145, pi. 

XXIILA — Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Calumpong, 1982: 

145.—Cordero, 1984a:97 [with query]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Eucheuma crustiforme Weber-van Bosse 

Eucheuma crustiforme Weber-van Bosse, 1928:415, fig. 165 ["crustaeforme"] 

[type locality: Great Sangir (Sangihe) I., Indonesia].—Westernhagen, 

1973a:65; 1974:112 (table I).—Cordero, 1977a:153, fig. 146.—Puig 

and Cordero, 1979:39.—Cordero, 1984a:98 ["(?) cristaeforme"]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Batangas. LEYTE (incl. Biliran I.), CEBU (Mactan I.). 

21.—G. Blanco, 1938:512.—Quisumbing, 1951:1010.—Montilla and 

Blanco, 1953:166.—Domantay, 1962:289.—Doty, 1969:6, figs. B, C— 

DeLeon and Domantay, 1971:5, 12.—Velasquez, 1971:449.—Trono, 

1972a: 105.—Westernhagen, 1973a:65.—Parker, 1974:434 (table I).— 

Trono, 1974b:92.; 1974c:328, 333; 1974d:4; 1974e: 18.—Westernhagen, 1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975 

143.—Laserna et al., 1978:111.—Ricohermoso and Deveau, 1979 

525.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:99.—Smith and Pestafio-Smith, 1980 

7.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:72.—Veroy et al., 1980:59.—Donaire, 

1981:166.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Guzman, 1981:43.—Laite and 

Ricohermoso, 1981:595.—Laserna et al., 1981:445.—Lim and Porse, 

1981:603.—Trono, 198lb:53.—Uyenco, Saniel, and Jacinto, 1981a: 

69.—Uyenco [Uyengco], Saniel, and Jacinto, 1981b:627.—Saraya 

and Trono, 1982:37.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:152.—Trono and 

Ganzon-Fortes, 1985:62, 64, 65, fig. [s.n.]. 

Fucus muricatus S.G. Gmelin, 1768:111, pi. VI: fig. 4 [type locality: 

"Oceanus Indicus"]. 

Eucheuma muricatum (S.G. Gmelin) Weber-van Bosse, 1928:413 [including Philippine record].—Howe, 1932:169.—Zaneveld, 1956:31; 

1959:111.—Domantay, 1962:289.—De Leon, Eufemio, and Pineda, 

1963:82 (table 1).—Galutira and Velasquez, 1964:505, pi. 4: fig. 11; pi. 

8: fig. 30.—Velasquez, 1968a: 122, fig. 10; 1971:448, fig. 33; 

1972:63.—Velasquez et al., 1973:31, pi. 13: fig. 64.—De Leon, 

1974:30, 33, photo [s.n.], 2 figs. [s.n.].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:143.—Cordero, 1977a: 156, fig. 154.—Velasquez, 1979b:23L— 

Cordero, 1980b:50, fig. 14, pis. 32, [54].—Trono, Velasquez, and 

Guevarra, 1980:79.—Cordero, 1982a:60, 61, fig. 11.—Trono and 

Ang, 1982:17.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:143.—Cordero, 1984a:98.— 

Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:180.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:43, fig. 35; 

1984b:129. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, La Union, Pangasinan, Bataan. 

MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro. PANAY: Aklan. CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. BOHOL. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Davao. 

PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Fucus spinosus Linnaeus, the intended basionym 

of Eucheuma spinosum, is a later homonym of F. spinosus 

S.G. Gmelin (1768:161, pi. XVIII: fig. 3) and hence not 

priorable. Eucheuma spinosum J. Agardh is treated as a 

nomen novum in accordance with Article 72, Note 1, of 

the ICBN. Fucus spinosus Linnaeus is not only a later 

homonym, but also an illegitimate substitute for F. denticulatus N.L. Burman. The conspecificity ofF. denticulatus and 

E. muricatum was first proposed by C. Agardh (1822a:271). 

Both names were published in 1768, with the Burman 

publication having priority (1 March-6 April vs. after 1 

May). The specimen figured by Cordero (1980b: pi. 32) 

with the caption "E. muricatum var." is listed under E. 

gelatinae in the text. 

Eucheuma denticulatum (N.L. Burman) Collins and 

Hervey 

Fucus denticulatus N.L. Burman, 1768:28 [bis] [type locality: said to be 

Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, but probably in error].—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:144. 

Eucheuma denticulatum (N.L. Burman) Collins and Hervey, 1917:106.— 

Pelayo and Lantican, 1981:3. 

Fucus spinosus Linnaeus, 1771:313 [superfluous name]. 

Eucheuma spinosum J. Agardh, 1847:16 ["spinosa"].—Heydrich, 

1894:293.—Seale, 1911:309.—Wester, 1916:159; 1921:224; 1924: 

TAXA OF UNCERTAIN VALUE 

The following two infraspecific taxa are probably related 

to Eucheuma denticulatum but have not been formally transferred to it. 

Eucheuma muricatum (S.G. Gmelin) Weber-van Bosse 

f. depauperatum Weber-van Bosse 

Eucheuma muricatum (S.G. Gmelin) Weber-van Bosse f. depauperatum 

Weber-van Bosse, 1928:415, pi. XII: fig. 5 [*'depauperata"] [type locality: 
NUMBER 27 47 

Ryukyu-retto, Japan].—Domantay, 1962:289.—Cordero, 1977a:156, 

fig. 155. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan. SIQUIJOR. 

Eucheuma muricatum (S.G. Gmelin) Weber-van Bosse 

f. incrassatum Yamada 

Eucheuma muricatum (S.G. Gmelin) Weber-van Bosse f. incrassatum Yamada, 1936a: 124, figs. 4, 5, pi. 23: fig. 1 ["incrassata"] [syntype localities: 

Miyako-jima and Okinawa-jima, Ryukyu-retto, Japan].—Cordero, 

1977a: 158, figs. 156, 157, pi. XXIILB ; 1980b:50, fig. 15, pi. 33. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Cagayan. 

Eucheuma edule (Kutzing) Weber-van Bosse 

Chondrus edulis Kutzing, 1867:19, pi. 63: figs, c-e [type locality: New 

Caledonia]. 

Eucheuma edule (Kutzing) Weber-van Bosse, 1926:136.—Mefiez, 

1961:73.—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:143. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. CEBU 

(Mactan I.). 

Eucheuma gelatinum (Esper) J. Agardh 

Fucus gelatinus Esper, 1800:188, pi. CI [type locality: not specified]. 

Sphaerococcus gelatinus (Esper) C. Agardh, 1822a:270.—Martens, 

1868:46, 94-95.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:163. 

Eucheuma gelatinum (Esper) J. Agardh, 1847:16 ["gelatinae"].—Zaneveld, 

1956:31; 1959:111.—Domantay, 1962:289.—De Leon and Domantay, 

1971:5, 11.—Westernhagen, 1973a:65 [with query]; 1974:112 (table I) 

[with query].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:143.—Cordero, 

1976c:10; 1977a: 153, figs. 151, 152, pi. XXIV.C; 1978a:39; 1980b:49, 

fig. 13, pi. [53].—Guzman, 1981:44 ["galatinae"].—Cordero, 

1984a:98.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:41, fig. 34; 1984b:128.— 

Tungpalan, 1984:145. 

Gigartina gelatinosa Endlicher, 1843:42 [illegitimate nomenclatural synonym].—Montagne, 1844a:662.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:145. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Rizal. CEBU (Mactan I.). MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

NOTE.—When establishing the genus Eucheuma, J 

Agardh (1847:16) treated the name as feminine. Later (J 

Agardh, 1852 [1851-1863]:624), he treated it as neuter 

the gender most often assigned to it by subsequent authors 

The neuter ending of the adjective gelatinus is gelatinum. J 

Agardh's incorrect spelling gelatinae has persisted to the 

present. 

Eucheuma horridum J. Agardh 

Eucheuma horridum J. Agardh, 1852 [1851-1863]:625 [type locality: 

Mauritius].—Cordero, 1977a: 155, figs. 148, 149. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Eucheuma isiforme (C. Agardh) J. Agardh 

Sphaerococcus isiformis C. Agardh, 1822a:271 [type locality: West Indies]. 

Eucheuma isiforme (C. Agardh) J. Agardh, 1847: 16 ["isiformis"].—Reyes, 

1972:157.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:143.—Cordero, 

1977a:155, fig. 153, pi. XXIV:B; 1982a:60, 61. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

SULU. 

Eucheuma leeuwenii Weber-van Bosse 

Eucheuma leeuwenii Weber-van Bosse, 1928:410, figs. 161, 162 [type 

locality: Nusa Kembangan, Java, Indonesia].—Westernhagen, 

1973a:65; 1974:112 (table I). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Eucheuma okamurae Yamada 

Eucheuma okamurae Yamada, 1936a: 125, figs. 8, 9, pis. 26, 27 ["okamurai"] 

[type locality: Miyako-jima, Ryukyu-retto, Japan].—Domantay, 

1962:289.—De Leon and Domantay, 1971:5, 10.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:143. —Cordero, 1977a: 159, fig. 158, pi. XXII:B. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

*Eucheuma procrusteanum Kraft 

Eucheuma procrusteanum Kraft, 1970:215, figs. 1-7 [type locality: Semirara 

Is., Antique Prov., Panay].—Trono, 1974c:328, 333; 1974d:4; 

1974e:l7, 18.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:143.—Trono and 

Fortes, 1980:72.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Trono and Fortes, 

1982:151. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PANAY: Antique (Semirara 

Is.). SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Eucheuma serra (J. Agardh) J. Agardh 

Sphaerococcus serra J. Agardh, 1841:17 [type locality: "in mari Indiae 

orientalis"]. 

Eucheuma serra (J. Agardh) J. Agardh, 1847:16.—Cordero, 1973b:32.— 

Trono, 1973d:19, pi. 12: fig. 14.—De Leon, 1974:30, 31, photo [s.n.], 

fig. [s.n.].—Trono, 1974c:333; 1974d:4; 1974e:17, 18.—Cordero, 

1976c:10; 1977a:159, fig. 165; 1978a:39.—Puig and Cordero, 

1979:40.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:72.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.— 

Trono and Ang, 1982:16.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:151.—Cordero, 

1984c:55. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Sorsogon. MASBATE. LEYTE (Biliran I.). PALAWAN (Bugsuk 

I.). 

Eucheuma striatum Schmitz 

Eucheuma striatum Schmitz, 1895:151 ["striata"] [type locality: Zanzibar, 

Tanzania].—Domantay, 1962:289.—Trono, 1972a: 105.—Doty and 

Alvarez, 1973: fig. 2.—Westernhagen, 1973a:65 [with query].—Colina, 

1974:109.—De Leon, 1974:30, 31, photo [s.n.].—Parker, 1974:434 

(table I).—Trono, 1974b:91; 1974c:328, 333; 1974d:4; 1974e:18, 

19.—Westernhagen, 1974:112 (table I) [with query].—Colina, 
48 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

1975:125.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:143.—Colina, 

1976:50.—Cordero, 1976c:10; 1977a:160, fig. 159; 1978a:39.—Laserna etal., 1978:111.—Garcia, 1979:45(table 1).—Cordero, 1980b:51, 

fig. 16, pi. [59].—Liao and Sotto, 1980:99.—Trono and Fortes, 

1980:72.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:75, fig. [s.n.].—Veroy et 

al., 1980:59.—Donaire, 1981:166.—Doty and Alvarez, 1981:688.— 

Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Guzman, 1981:43.—Laserna et al., 

1981:445—Lim and Porse, 1981:603.—Pelayo and Lantican, 

1981:3—Trono, 198 lb:53.—Uyenco, Saniel, and Jacinto, 

1981a:69.—Uyenco [Uyengco], Saniel, and Jacinto, 198 lb:627.—Luistro, Cajipe, and Laserna, 1982:46.—Cordero, 1982a:60, 61.—Trono 

and Ang, 1982:17.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:152.—Cordero, 

1984a:99; 1984c:55.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:43, fig. 36; 

1984b: 129.—Tungpalan, 1984:145.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 

1985:62, 64, 65, fig. [s.n.]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan, Batangas. MASBATE. CEBU (incl. Mactan 

I.), BOHOL. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). 

SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

Meristotheca J. Agardh 

Meristotheca papulosa (Montagne) J. Agardh 

Kallymenia papulosa Montagne, 1850:246 ["Callymenia"] [type locality: 

Hodeida, Yemen]. 

Meristotheca papulosa (Montagne) J. Agardh, 1872:37.—Velasquez et al., 

1973:31, pi. 14: fig. 56. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Bataan. 

Catenella impudica (Montagne) J. Agardh 

Lomentaria impudica Montagne, 1840:197 [type locality: Cayenne, French 

Guiana]. 

Catenella impudica (Montagne)J. Agardh, 1852 [1851-1863]:701.—Post, 

1936:66, 68; 1938:213.—Cordero, 1977a:163, fig. 161.—Vannajan 

and Trono, 1978:18, fig. 19.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:71.—GanzonFortes, 1981:22.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:151. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Rizal, 

Manila. SULU: Sulu. 

Catenella nipae Zanardini 

Catenella nipae Zanardini, 1872:143, pi. VI:A [type locality: Sarawak, 

Malaysia].—Post, 1938:214.—Quisumbing, 1951:1007. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Rizal. PANAY: Iloilo. 

Family CYSTOCLONIACEAE 

Rhodophyllis Kutzing 

Rhodophyllis peltata Grunow var. lacunosa Grunow 

Rhodophyllis peltata Grunow var. lacunosa Grunow, 1874:34 [type locality: 

Tongatapu, Tonga].—Weber-van Bosse, 1928:403.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:161 [without designation of variety]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (Capual I.). 

Solieria J. Agardh 

Solieria dura (Zanardini) Schmitz 

Rhabdonia dura Zanardini, 1858:278, pi. XI: fig. 1 [syntype localities: 

Hodeida and Mokha, Yemen].—Piccone, 1886:78, 90.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:161. 

Solieria dura (Zanardini) Schmitz, 1895:139. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cavite. 

Family HYPNEACEAE 

Hypnea Lamouroux 

Hypnea boergesenii Tanaka 

Hypnea boergesenii Tanaka, 1941:233, figs. 6-8 , pi. 53: fig. 1 [syntype 

localities: Keelung (Chi-lung) and Tairi, Taiwan].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Family CAULACANTHACEAE 

Catenella Greville 

Catenella caespitosa (Withering) L. Irvine 

Ulva caespitosa Withering, 1776:735 [type locality: Anglesey, Wales]. 

Catenella caespitosa (Withering) L. Irvine, 1976:590.—Fortes, 

1981b:396.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

Fucus opuntia Goodenough and Woodward, 1797:107, 219 [type locality: 

Tenby, Wales]. 

Catenella opuntia (Goodenough and Woodward) Greville, 1830:lxiii.— 

Post, 1936:73, 76, 78; 1939:34.—Cordero, 1977a: 163, figs. 168, 

169— Fortes and Trono, 1980:59.—Reyes, 1980:134, pi. 9: fig. 3. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Quezon, MINDORO: 

Oriental Mindoro. SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Irvine (1976). 

Hypnea cenomyce J. Agardh 

Hypnea cenomyce]. Agardh, 1851 [1851-1863]:452 [type locality: "ad oras 

Novae Hollandiae" (Australia)]. —Zaneveld, 1956:41; 1959:121 .—Cordero, 1977a:143, fig. 130; 1979b:291; 1980b:52. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. PANAY: Aklan. SIQUIJOR. 

*Hypnea cenomyce J. Agardh var. tenuis 

Weber-van Bosse 

Hypnea cenomyce J. Agardh var. tenuis Weber-van Bosse, 1928:456, fig. 

194 [syntype localities: Muaras Reef, East Kalimantan, Indonesia; Sangasiapu I., Tawitawi Prov., Sulu Archipelago]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 
NUMBER 27 49 

Hypnea cervicornis J. Agardh 

Hypnea cervicornis J. Agardh, 1851 [ 1851 — 1863]:451 [syntype localities: 

Brazil; West Indies; Mexico; Mauritius].—Weber-van Bosse, 

1928:454.—Zaneveld, 1956:42; 1959:121.—Velasquez etal., 1973:31, 

pi. 14: fig. 66.—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:150.—Cordero, 1977a: 143, figs. 131, 

132; 1978a:40.—Trono, 1978:18.—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:21, 

fig. 21 [miscited as 20].—Cordero, 1979b:276, 290; 1980b:52,pl. 34.— 

Reyes, 1980:136, pi. 10: figs. 2a,b.— Trono and Fortes, 1980:70.— 

Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:77, fig. [s.n.].—Chan, 1981:387.— 

Cordero, 1981d:65, fig. 6.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Laserna et al., 

1981:445.—Menez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Trono and De Lara, 

1981:17.—Cordero, 1982a: fig. 10.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:39.— 

Trono and Ang, 1982:18.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:150.—HurtadoPonce, 1983:142; 1984:180.—Tungpalan, 1984:141. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Cavite, Batangas, Quezon, MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. 

MARINDUQUE. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU (incl. Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. 

MINDANAO: Surigao del Sur, Davao. PALAWAN (incl. Bugsuk 

I.), SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi (Sangasiapu I.). 

Hypnea charoides Sonder 

Hypnea charoides Sonder, 1848 [1846-1848]: 189 [type locality: Western 

Australia, Australia].—Mefiez, 1961:74, pi. 8: fig. 91.—Galutira and 

Velasquez, 1964:505, pi. 4: fig. 12; pi. 8: fig. 31 — Villones and Magdamo, 1968:29. fig. 30.—Velasquez, 1971:449, fig. 33.—Reyes, 

1972:156.—Velasquez, 1972:63.—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 1974:112 

(table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:150.—Cordero, 

1976c:10; 1977a:144, fig. 133; 1978a:58.—Puig and Cordero, 

1979:40.—Velasquez, 1979b:23L—Cordero, 1980b:53, fig. 12, pi. 

35.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:99.—Guzman, 1981:42, 45, 49.—Cordero, 

1982a:60.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:142.—Cordero, 1984a:99; 1984b: 

66.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:180.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:45, 

fig. 37; 1984b: 128.—Tungpalan, 1984:141. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Cavite, Batangas, Quezon, CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: Eastern 

Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.), NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU 

(incl. Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Hypnea charoides is traditionally accredited to 

Lamouroux (1813:132, pi. 10: figs. 1-3), but that author 

did not provide a validating description. C. Agardh 

(1828:141), after having examined a specimen sent to him 

by Lamouroux, assigned the name to Ceramium filamentosum (= Spyridia filamentosa). Nonetheless, Sonder (1848 

[1846-1848]) apparently believed that Lamouroux's illustration was representative of another alga since he applied 

the name to a plant collected by Preiss in Western Australia. 

Sonder provided a diagnosis so that the name must be 

ascribed to him and dated from 1848. 

Hypnea cornuta (Kutzing) J. Agardh 

Chondroclonium cornutum Kutzing, 1849:741 [type locality: "Locus natalis 

ignotus" ("ad oras Guineae" fide J. Agardh, 1852 [1851-1863]:449)].— 

Martens, 1868:90-91.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:135. 

Hypnea cornuta (Kiitzing) J. Agardh, 1851 [ 1851-1863]:449.—Reyes, 

1972:156.—Trono, 1973d: 17; 1974e: 18.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:150.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Trono and 

Ang, 1982:18. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Manila, NEGROS: Negros Oriental, SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). 

*Hypnea cornuta (Kutzing) J. Agardh 

var. stellulifera J. Agardh 

Hypnea cornuta (Kutzing) J. Agardh var. stellulifera J. Agardh, 1852 

[ 1851 —1863]:449 [syntype localities: "ad oras Cochinchinae" (Vietnam); 

Manila]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Manila. 

Hypnea divaricata (C. Agardh) Greville 

Fucus divaricatus Brown ex Turner, 1811:110, pi. 181 [type locality: 

"coast of New Holland" (Australia)]. 

Sphaerococcus divaricatus C. Agardh, 1817:xvn. 

Hypnea divaricata (C. Agardh) Greville, 1830:lix.—Martens, 1868:30, 92 -

93.—Dickie, 1874a: 194—Piccone, 1886:77, 90.—Zaneveld, 1956:42; 

1959:121.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:150.—Cordero, 

1977a: 146, fig. 134. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cavite, Quezon. 

MINDANAO: Zamboanga. SULU. 

NOTE.—Fucus divaricatus Brown ex Turner, the intended basionym of Hypnea divaricata, is a later homonym 

ofF. divaricatus Linnaeus (1753:1159) and hence not priorable. Sphaerococcus divaricatus C. Agardh is treated as a 

nomen novum in accordance with Article 72, Note 1, of 

the ICBN. 

Hypnea musciformis (Wulfen) Lamouroux 

Fucus musciformis Wulfen in Jacquin, 1789:154, pi. 14: fig. 3 [type locality: 

Trieste, Italy]. 

Hypnea musciformis (Wulfen) Lamouroux, 1813:131.—Howe, 

1932:170.—Velasquez, 1953a:100; 1953b:206.—Zaneveld, 1956:42; 

1959:121.—De Leon, Eufemio, and Pineda, 1963:82 (table 1).—Velasquez, 1971:449.—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:150.—Cordero, 1977a: 148, fig. 136, 

pi. XXILA.—Tron o and Fortes, 1980:70.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.— 

Trono and Fortes, 1982:150.—Cordero, 1984a:100. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Rizal, 

Manila, NEGROS: Negros Occidental, CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Hypnea musciformis (Wulfen) Lamouroux 

var. esperi J. Agardh 

Hypnea musciformis (Wulfen) Lamouroux var. esperi J. Agardh, 1851 

[1851-1863]:442 [syntype localities: Brazil; Chile; Australia; Mauritius].—Reyes, 1972:156.—Trono, 1972a: 105.—Cordero, 1977a:146, 

fig. 135.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Trono and Ang, 

1982:19. 

Hypnea esperi [misapplied name; see Note].—Reyes, 1972:156.—Trono, 
50 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

1973d: 17.—Trono and Bina, 1973:8.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:150.—Cordero, 1980b:53.—Reyes, 1980:136, pi. 10: figs. 

3a,b.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:70.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 

1980:79, fig. [s.n.].—Chan, 1981:387.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:38.— 

Trono and Fortes, 1982:150. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas, Quezon, MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. NEGROS: Negros 

Oriental. SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). SULU: Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Hypnea esperi Bory de Saint-Vincent (1828 

[1826-1829]: 157) was superfluous when published, being 

a substitute name for Fucus nootkanus Esper (1802:30, pi. 

CXXV). If the entity currently passing under this name is 

recognized at the level of species, it must receive a different 

name. It was first given a valid name, at varietal level, by J. 

Agardh, who made it clear that he was describing the 

material in Bory de Saint-Vincent's hands and excluding 

Fucus nootkanus. 

Hypnea musciformis (Wulfen) Lamouroux 

var. hippuroides (Kutzing) Weber-van Bosse 

Hypnea hippuroides Kiitzing, 1868:7, pi. 21: figs, a, b [type locality: Celebes, 

Indonesia]. 

Hypnea musciformis (Wulfen) Lamouroux var. hippuroides (Kutzing) Weber-van Bosse, 1928:445.—Cantoria, Valenzuela, and Velasquez, 

1951:187, fig. 1.—Cantoria, Velasquez, and Valenzuela, 1951:296, 

298. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Rizal. 

Hypnea nidulans Setchell 

Hypnea nidulans Setchell, 1924:161, fig. 30 [type locality: Tutuila I., 

American Samoa].—Weber-van Bosse, 1928:454.—Mefiez, 1961:74, 

pi. 7: figs. 85, 86.—Domantay, 1962:291.—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 

1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:150.—Cordero, 1977a: 148, figs. 138, 139.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CENTRAL VISAYAS. CEBU 

(Mactan I.), SULU: Sulu (Jolo I.). 

Hypnea pannosa J. Agardh 

Hypnea pannosa J. Agardh, 1847:14 [type locality: "St. Augustin" (Oaxaca, 

Mexico)].—Trono, 1972a: 105; 1973d: 17, pi. 7: fig. 25; 1974e:18.— 

Trono and Bina, 1973:8.—Trono, 1978:19.—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:99.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:71.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 

1980:81, fig. [s.n.].—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:39.—Trono and Fortes, 

1982:151. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. CEBU (Mactan I.), SULU: Tawitawi. 

Hypnea saidana Holmes 

Hypnea saidana Holmes, 1896:256, pi. 11: figs. 3a,b [type locality: Enoshima, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan].—Cordero, 1977a: 149, fig. 140; 

1979b:291; 1984c:55. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cavite (Corregidor 

I.), MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. MASBATE. PANAY: Aklan. 

Hypnea spinella (C. Agardh) Kutzing 

Sphaerococcus spinellus C. Agardh, 1822a:323 [type locality: West Indies], 

Hypnea spinella (C. Agardh) Kutzing, 1847a:23.—Dickie, 1876a:244.— 

Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:150.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:70.—Trono and Fortes, 

1982:150. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Hypnea valentiae (Turner) Montagne 

Fucus valentiae Turner, 1809:17, pi. 78 [type locality: Red Sea]. 

Hypnea valentiae (Turner) Montagne, 1841 [1839-1842]: 161; 

1844a:662.—Martens, 1868:92-93.—Dickie, 1874a: 194.—Domantay, 

1962:291.—Trono, 1972a: 105; 1974e: 18.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:150.—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:21, fig. 20 [miscited 

21].—Trono and Fortes, 1980:71.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 

1980:83, fig. [s.n.].—Chan, 1981:387, 389.—Ganzon-Fortes, 

1981:22.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Trono and De Lara, 

1981:17, pi. XI: fig. 4—Saraya and Trono, 1982:39.—Trono and 

Ang, 1982:18.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:151.—Mefiez, Phillips, and 

Calumpong, 1983:18, 23.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1984:105. 

Hypnea hamulosa [misapplied name fide Papenfuss, 1958:105-106].— 

Cordero, 1976c:9, 10; 1977a: 146, fig. 137; 1978a:40.—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1981:381.—Trono and Ang, 1982:19. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas, Cavite. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. PALAWAN (incl. Bugsuk I.), SULU: Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Th e name Hypnea hamulosa is traditionally attributed to (Turner) Montagne and applied in accordance 

with a concept derived from Turner's treatment of Fucus 

hamulosus (1809: pi. 79). As pointed out by Papenfuss (I.e.), 

however, Turner did not describe his plant as new, but 

identified it with Fucus hamulosus Esper (1800:169 [129 

misprint], pi. LXXXIX), based on a collection from the 

Malabar coast of India. Esper's plant was referred by J. 

Agardh (1852 [1851-1863]:444), with a query, to Hypnea 

nigrescens Greville ex J. Agardh (1852 [1851-1863]:443) 

while Turner's plant is generally considered to be referable 

to H. valentiae (see Kutzing, 1849:758; Hauck, 1887 [1886-

1887]:20; B</>rgesen, 1943:59). 

Family PHYLLOPHORACEAE 

Ahnfeltia E.M. Fries 

Ahnfeltia concinna J. Agardh 

Ahnfeltia concinna]. Agardh, 1851 [ 1851 —1863]:312 [syntype localities: 

Hawaiian Is.; Chincha Is., Peru].—Cordero, 1977a: 164. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN. 
NUMBER 27 51 

Ahnfeltia furcellata Okamura 

Ahnfeltia furcellata Okamura, 1933 [1933-1942]: 16, pi. 310: figs, 6-10 

[syntype localities: various, all in Japan].—Cordero, 1977a: 165; 

1978a:42. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Gymnogongrus Martius 

Gymnogongrus dilatatus (Turner) J. Agardh 

Fucus dilatatus Turner, 1819 [ 1815-1819]:57, pi. 219 [type locality: Cape 

of Good Hope, South Africa]. 

Gymnogongrus dilatatus (Turner) J. Agardh, 1851 [1851-1863]:326.— 

Dickie, 1876a:246.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:147. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PANAY: Iloilo (Gigantes Is.). 

Gymnogongrus divaricatus Holmes 

Gymnogongrus divaricatus Holmes, 1896:255, pi. 8: figs. 3a,b [type locality: 

Shimoda, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan].—Cordero, 1977a: 165; 

1978a:41. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Gymnogongrus flabelliformis Harvey 

Gymnogongrus flabelliformis Harvey, 1857:332 [type locality: Shimoda, 

Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan].—Cordero, 1977a: 166, fig. 170.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:143; 1984:180.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:51, 

fig. 43. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos 

Norte. 

Gymnogongrus pygmaeus J. Agardh 

Gymnogongrus pygmaeus J. Agardh, 1851 [1851 —1863]:317 [type locality: 

"ad oras Hindostaniae" (India)].—Martens, 1868:31, 96-97.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:147. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Phyllophora Greville 

Phyllophora submaritima Dawson 

Phyllophora submaritima Dawson, 1949b:6, figs. 17, 18 ["submaritimus"] 

[type locality: Cortes Bank, southern California, USA].—Cordero, 

1977a:168, fig. 173. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Family GIGARTINACEAE 

Gigartina tenella Harvey 

Gigartina tenella Harvey, 1860a:332 [type locality: Kikai-jima, Amamigunto, Ryukyu-retto, Japan].—Cordero, 1977a: 169.—Tahil, 1978:52. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. CEBU 

(Mactan I.). 

Order RHODYMENIALES 

Family RHODYMENIACEAE 

Botryocladia (J. Agardh) Kylin 

Botryocladia botryoides (Wulfen) J. Feldmann 

Fucus botryoides Wulfen in Jacquin, 1789:146, pi. 13: fig. 1 [type locality: 

Adriatic Sea]. 

Botryocladia botryoides (Wulfen) J. Feldmann, 1941:90. 

Chrysymenia uvaria]. Agardh, 1842:106.—Dickie, 1876a:245.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:135. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

NOTE.—Th e nomenclature of this species is discussed by 

Silva (1980:124). Chondria uvaria C. Agardh (1822a:347), 

the intended basionym of Chrysymenia uvaria, is a superfluous name for Fucus botryoides and hence not priorable. 

Chrysymenia uvaria J. Agardh, while treated as a nomen 

novum in accordance with Article 72, Note 1, of the ICBN, 

is equally superfluous. 

Botryocladia pyriformis (B^rgesen) Kylin 

Chrysymenia pyriformis B^rgesen, 1910:187, figs. 8, 9 [type locality: St. Jan 

(St. John), Virgin Is.]. 

Botryocladia pyriformis (B^rgesen) Kylin, 1931:18.—Reyes, 1980:137, pi. 

11: fig. 2. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SIQUIJOR. 

Botryocladia skottsbergii (B0rgesen) Levring 

Chrysymenia skottsbergii B0rgesen, 1924:307, figs. 49, 50 [type locality^ 

Easter I.]. 

Botryocladia skottsbergii (Bdrgesen) Levring, 1941:645, footnote. 

Chrysymenia kuckuckii Weber-van Bosse, 1928:466, fig. 199 [syntype localities: various, all in Indonesia]. 

Botryocladia kuckuckii (Weber-van Bosse) Yamada and Tanaka, 1938:77.— 

Mefiez, 1961:78.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:130. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Chrysymenia kuckuckii and 

C. skottsbergii was proposed by G. Feldmann (1945:55-56) 

and B0rgesen (1950:42-44). 

Botryocladia uvarioides Dawson 

Botryocladia uvarioides Dawson, 1944:306, pi. 45: figs. 8-10; pi. 75: fig. 1 

[type locality: San Jose del Cabo, Baja California Sur, Mexico].—Trono, 

1973a:134, figs. 6, 8; 1974b:88. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Sorsogon. SULU: 

Sulu (Siasi I.). 
52 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Coelothrix B</>rgesen 

Coelothrix irregularis (Harvey) B#rgesen 

Cordylecladia ? irregularis Harvey, 1853:156 [type locality: Key West, 

Florida, USA]. 

Coelothrix irregularis (Harvey) B^rgesen, 1920:389.—Trono, 1972a: 103; 

1974b:89.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:43, pi. VII: figs. 1, 4. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. SULU: 

Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

Erythrocolon J. Agardh 

Erythrocolon podagricum J. Agardh 

Erythrocolon podagricum]. Agardh in Grunow, 1874:33 [syntype localities: 

Tongatapu and Haafeva I., Tonga; Ovalau I., Fiji].—Cordero, 

1977a:169, fig. 174, pi. XXIV:A . 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas, Quezon. 

Fauchea Montagne and Bory 

Fauchea leptophylla Segawa 

Fauchea leptophylla Segawa, 1941:264, fig. 10, pi. 58: fig. 1 [type locality: 

Kozu-shima, Izu-shoto, Japan].—Cordero, 1977a: 170, fig. 171. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SIQUIJOR. 

Gloiocladia J. Agardh 

Gloiocladia ramellifera Hauck 

Gloiocladia ramellifera Hauck, 1886 [ 1886-1887]:219 [type locality: 

Meith [Maidh], Somalia].—Weber-van Bosse, 1928:457, pi. XI: fig. 

1.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:145. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Pearl 

Bank). 

Hymenocladia J. Agardh 

Hymenocladia dactyloides (Sonder) J. Agardh 

Gracilaria dactyloides Sonder, 1845:55 [type locality: Western Australia, 

Australia].—Dickie, 1876a:245.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:146.—Abbott, 1985:89. 

Hymenocladia dactyloides (Sonder) J. Agardh, 1870:454. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Rhodymenia Greville 

Rhodymenia californica Kylin 

Rhodymenia californica Kylin, 1931:21, pi. 9: fig. 22 [type locality: Pacific 

Grove, California, USA].—Cordero, 1977a: 170, fig. 175. 

Rhodymenia coacta Okamura and Segawa 

Rhodymenia coacta Okamura and Segawa in Segawa, 1935:84, pi. 20: fig. 

1 [type locality: Shikine-jima, Izu-shoto, Japan].—Cordero, 1977a:172, 

fig. 176.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Rhodymenia decumbens W.R. Taylor 

Rhodymenia decumbens W.R. Taylor, 1945:251, pi. 84: fig. 1 [type locality: 

Isla Baltra, Galapagos].—Cordero, 1977a: 172 [R. procumbens, in error]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Rhodymenia intricata (Okamura) Okamura 

Phyllophora intricata Okamura, 1921:129, pi. CLXXXII: figs. 1-8 [syntype 

localities: various, all in Japan].—Cordero, 1977a: 168, fig. 172, pi. 

XXV:B . 

Rhodymenia intricata (Okamura) Okamura, 1930 [1929-1932]:31 ["23"], 

pi. CCLXVIL—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SIQUIJOR. 

Family LOMENTARIACEAE 

Lomentaria Lyngbye 

Lomentaria articulata (Hudson) Lyngbye 

Ulva articulata Hudson, 1762:476 [type locality: Cornwall, England]. 

Lomentaria articulata (Hudson) Lyngbye, 1819:101.—Cordero, 1976c:10; 

1977a:177; 1978a:44. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Lomentaria baileyana (Harvey) Farlow 

Chylocladia baileyana Harvey, 1853:185, pi. XX:C: fig. 1 [syntype localities: 

various, in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and New York, USA]. 

Lomentaria baileyana (Harvey) Farlow, 1876:698.—Cordero, 1976c:6. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Lomentaria hakodatensis Yendo 

Lomentaria hakodatensis Yendo, 1920:6 [syntype localities: various, all in 

Japan].—Cordero, 1976c:9; 1977a:177; 1978a:44. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Lomentaria pinnata Segawa 

Lomentaria pinnata Segawa, 1938:148, fig. 7 [type locality: Miyake-jima, 

Izu-shoto, Japan].—Cordero, 1977a: 177; 1984a: 103. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN. PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 
NUMBER 27 53 

Family CHAMPIACEAE 

Champia Desvaux 

Champia bifida Okamura 

Champia bifida Okamura, 1901 [1900-1902]:67, pi. XXIV [syntype localities: Enoshima and Misaki, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan].—Cordero, 

1977a: 173, fig. 178. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Champia caespitosa Dawson 

Champia caespitosa Dawson, 1944:311, pi. 46: figs. 3, 4 [type locality: Isla 

Pond (Estanque), Baja California Norte, Mexico].—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:178, pi. 4: figs. 34, 34a.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:134. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. 

Champia compressa Harvey 

Champia compressa Harvey, 1838:402 [type locality: Muizenberg, Cape 

Province, South Africa].—Dickie, 1876a:244.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:134. 

Champia vieillardii Kutzing, 1866:14, pi. 37: figs, e, /[typ e locality: not 

specified (New Caledonia fide Grunow, 1874:34)].—Saraya and Trono, 

1982:42. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

NOTE.—The synonymy was proposed by Grunow 

(1874:34). 

Champia disticha Dawson 

Champia distkha Dawson, 1944:310, pi. 46: fig. 5 [type locality: Isla San 

Esteban, Sonora, Mexico].—Cordero, 1977a: 174. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SIQUIJOR. 

Champia japonica Okamura 

Champia japonica Okamura, 1931 [1929-1932]:49, pi. CCLXXVI: figs. 

1-6 [syntype localities: various, all in Japan].—Cordero, 1977a: 174; 

1978a:45. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Batangas. 

Champia parvula (C. Agardh) Harvey 

Chondria parvula C. Agardh, 1824:207 [type locality: Cadiz, Spain]. 

Champia parvula (C. Agardh) Harvey, 1853:76.—Reyes, 1972:157.— 

Trono and Bina, 1973:10.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:187, 

188.—Trono, 1974b:89.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:134.— 

Cordero, 1976c: 10; 1977a: 175, fig. 179.—Taylor, 1977b: 13.—Cordero, 1978a:45.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:99.—Chan, 1981:387.— 

Fortes, 1981b:396.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Saraya and 

Trono, 1982:42, pi. VI: figs. 1, 2.—Mefiez, Phillips, and Calumpong, 

1983:23.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1984:105. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan, Quezon, MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. NEGROS: Negros 

Oriental, CEBU (Mactan I.). SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). PALAWAN. 

Champia salicomoides Harvey 

Champia salicomoides Harvey, 1853:76, pi. XIX:B [type locality: Key West, 

Florida, USA].—Weber-van Bosse, 1928:477—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:130.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. SULU: 

Sulu (North Ubian I.), Tawitawi (Pearl Bank). 

*Champia spathulata Weber-van Bosse 

Champia spathulata Weber-van Bosse, 1928:477, pi. XVI: fig. 6 [type 

locality: North Ubian I., Sulu Prov., Sulu Archipelago].—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:134. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Order CERAMIALES 

Family CERAMIACEAE 

Anotrichium Nageli 

Anotrichium tenue (C. Agardh) Nageli 

Griffithsia tenuis C. Agardh, 1828:131 ["Griffitsia"] [type locality: Venezia, 

Italy].—Fortes and Trono, 1980:60.—Chan, 1981:387, 389.—Fortes, 

198lb:396.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:47. 

Anotrichium tenue (C. Agardh) Nageli, 1862:399. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas. 

Antithamnion Nageli 

Antithamnion antillanum B</>rgesen 

Antithamnion antillanum B^rgesen, 1917:226, figs. 213-216 [type locality: 

St. Thomas, Virgin Is.].—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Antithamnion Iherminieri Nasr 

Antithamnion Iherminieri Nasr, 1941:66, figs. 9, 10 [type locality: Abu 

Sadaf Reef, Red Sea, Egypt].—Cordero, 1977a:178, figs. 181, 182.— 

Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Nasr appears to be the first author to have 

supplied a validating description for this species, which 

traditionally is accredited to (P. Crouan and H. Crouan) 
54 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Bornet. Its morphology, taxonomy, and nomenclature are 

treated by Abbott (1979:215). 

Balliella Itono and Tanaka 

Balliella subcorticata (Itono) Itono and Tanaka 

Antithamnion subcorticatum Itono, 1969:40, fig. 7 [type locality: Yoronjima, Okinawa-gunto, Ruykyu-retto, Japan].—Cordero, 1983:189, 

fig. 1. 

Balliella subcorticata (Itono) Itono and Tanaka, 1973:250. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Centroceras Kutzing 

Centroceras apiculatum Yamada 

Centroceras apiculatum Yamada, 1944:42 [type locality: Ant Atoll, near 

Ponape, Caroline Is.].—Saraya and Trono, 1982:44. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Centroceras clavulatum (C. Agardh) Montagne 

Ceramium clavulatum C. Agardh, 1822b:2 [type locality: Callao, Peru]. 

Centroceras clavulatum (C. Agardh) Montagne, 1846b: 140.—Reyes, 

1972:158.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:186, 187.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:133.—Cordero, 1976c:9; 1977a: 179, figs. 183, 

184; 1978a:47.—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:23, fig. 29.—Reyes, 

1980:138, pi. 11: figs. ba,b.— Chan, 1981:387.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:19, pi. XII: fig. 4.— 

Cordero, 1984a: 104. 

Centroceras cryptacanthum Kutzing, 1841:741 [type locality: Antilles]. 

Centroceras clavulatum (C. Agardh) Montagne var. cryptacanthum (Kiitzing) Grunow, 1867:65.—Piccone, 1886:54, 90. 

Centroceras hyalacanthum Kutzing, 1841:742 [type locality: "Wahrscheinlich aus Westindien"].—Martens, 1868:28, 84-85.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:133. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan, Manila, Cavite. MINDORO: Occidental 

Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. NEGROS: Negros 

Oriental, SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by J. Agardh (1851 

[1851-1863]:148-149). 

Centroceras minutum Yamada 

Centroceras minutum Yamada, 1944:42 [type locality: Ant Atoll, near 

Ponape, Caroline Is.].—Trono, 1973d:20.—Cordero, 1977a: 180, fig. 

185.—Fortes, 1981b:396.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:43, pi. VII: fig. 3. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Ceramiella B^rgesen 

Hommersand (1963:238) retained Ceramiella within the 

circumscription of Ceramium, but Diaz-Piferrer (1969a:202) 

argued in support of its distinctness. 

Ceramiella procumbens (Setchell and Gardner) DiazPiferrer 

Ceramium procumbens Setchell and Gardner, 1924a:772, pi. 27: figs. 51 -

54 [type locality: Isla Partida, Baja California Norte, Mexico].—Fortes, 

1981b:396. 

Ceramiella procumbens (Setchell and Gardner) Diaz-Piferrer, 1969c:203. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Ceramium Roth 

Ceramium affine Setchell and Gardner 

Ceramium affine Setchell and Gardner, 1930:172 [type locality: Isla 

Guadalupe, Pacific Mexico].—Fortes and Trono, 1980:59 [var. affine].—¥ ones, 198lb:396.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:44, pi. VIII: fig. 

2 [var. affine]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas. 

Ceramium cruciatum Collins and Hervey 

Ceramium cruciatum Collins and Hervey, 1917:144, pi. IV: figs. 27, 28 

[type locality: Bermuda].—Westernhagen, 1973a:64; 1974:112 (table 

I)-

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Ceramium equisetoides Dawson 

Ceramium equisetoides Dawson, 1944:320, pi. 51: fig. 1 [type locality: 

Puerto San Carlos, near Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico].—Fortes, 

1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Ceramium fastigiatum (Wulfen ex Roth) Harvey 

Conferva fastigiata Wulfen ex Roth, 1800b:224 [type locality: Adriatic 

Sea]. 

Ceramium fastigiatum (Wulfen ex Roth) Harvey, 1834b:303.—Vannajan 

and Trono, 1978:24, fig. 31.—Chan, 1981:387.—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Manila, 

Cavite. 

NOTE.—Ceramium fastigiatum (Roth) Harvey is a later 

homonym of C. fastigiatum (Linnaeus) Wiggers (1780:91), 

C. fastigiatum Roth (1800a:463), and C. fastigiatum Roussel 

(1806:87). Its correct name probably will be found among 

taxonomic synonyms. 

Ceramium flaccidum (Harvey ex Kutzing) Ardissone 

Hormoceras flaccidum Harvey ex Kutzing, 1862:21, pi. 69: figs, a-d [type 

locality: Kilkee, County Clare, Eire]. 

Ceramium flaccidum (Harvey ex Kutzing) Ardissone, 1871:40. 

Ceramium byssoideum Harvey, 1853:218 [type locality: Key West, Florida, 

USA]. 

Ceramium gracillimum (Kutzing) Zanardini var. byssoideum (Harvey) Mazoyer, 1938:323.—Cordero, 1976c:9; 1977a: 180, fig. 186; 1978a:47.— 
NUMBER 27 55 

Vannajan and Trono, 1978:24.—Fortes and Trono, 1980:61.—Mefiez 

and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:45, pi. VIII: fig. 

1 ["byssoideure" p. 45]. 

Ceramium fimbriatum Setchell and Gardner, 1924a:777, pi. 26: figs. 43, 

44 [type locality: near La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico].—Mefiez 

and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:44. 

Ceramium masonii Dawson, 1950c: 126, figs. 11,12 [type locality: Cabeza 

Ballena, Baja California Sur, Mexico].—Liao and Sotto, 1980:99.— 

Fortes, 1981b:396.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan, Cavite. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Womersley 

(1978:234). Ceramium byssoideum Harvey is treated as a 

homonym of C. byssoides Ducluzeau (1805:66) in accordance 

with Article 64.2, Ex. 8, of the ICBN. 

Ceramium gracillimum (Kutzing) Zanardini 

Hormoceras gracillimum Kutzing, 1841:733 [type locality: Trieste, Italy]. 

Ceramium gracillimum (Kutzing) Zanardini, 1847:223.—Chan, 1981:387, 

389.—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

NOTE.—Fortes cited the binomial without an author, and 

it is uncertain whether it should be referred to Hormoceras 

gracillimum. The combination is traditionally (but incorrectly) accredited to (Kutzing) Griffiths and Harvey in 

Harvey (1848 [ 1847-1851]: pi. CCVI). According to Womersley (1978:234), Harvey had Ceramium flaccidum in hand. 

A further consideration is that Ceramium gracillimum (Kiitzing) Zanardini is a later homonym of C. gracillimum C. 

Agardh (1824:140), a name that has disappeared from the 

literature. 

Ceramium loureiri C. Agardh 

Ceramium loureiri C. Agardh, 1824:137 [type locality: "Ad rupes marinas Cochinchinae" (Vietnam)].—Martens, 1868:82-83.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:133. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Ceramium luetzelburgii O.C. Schmidt 

Ceramium luetzelburgii O.C. Schmidt, 1924:98, fig. 6 [type locality: Cabo 

Branco, Paraiba, Brazil].—Fortes and Trono, 1980:59.—Fortes, 

1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Ceramium maryae Weber-van Bosse 

Ceramium maryae Weber-van Bosse, 1923:324, figs. 117,118 [type locality: 

Kawasa I., Paternoster Is. (Kepulauan Tengah), Indonesia].—Domantay, 1962:288.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:133. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Ceramium mazatlanense Dawson 

Ceramium mazatlanense Dawson, 1950c:130, pi. 2: figs. 14, 15 [type 

locality: Mazatlan, Sinaloa, Mexico].—Cornejo and Velasquez, 

1972:182, pi. 5: fig. 40.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:133.— 

Chan, 1981:387, 389.—Fortes, 198lb:396.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:381.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:45.—Mefiez, Phillips, and Calumpong, 1983:23.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1984:105. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas. CENTRAL VISAYAS. PALAWAN. 

Ceramium multijugum Jaasund 

Ceramium multijugum Jaasund, 1970:68, figs. 1C-E,H, 2 [intended type 

locality: Tanzania].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

NOTE.—Ceramium multijugum is an invalid name because 

Jaasund failed to indicate a type, as required by Article 37 

of the ICBN. 

Ceramium nitens (C. Agardh) J. Agardh 

Ceramium rubrum (Hudson) C. Agardh var. nitens C. Agardh, 1824:136 

[type locality: Antilles]. 

Ceramium nitens (C. Agardh) J. Agardh, 1851 [1851-1863]: 130.—Westernhagen, 1973a:64; 1974:112 (table I). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Ceramium personatum Setchell and Gardner 

Ceramium personatum Setchell and Gardner, 1930:171, pi. 6: figs. 21, 22 

[type locality: Isla Guadalupe, Pacific Mexico].—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Ceramium serpens Setchell and Gardner 

Ceramium serpens Setchell and Gardner, 1924a:775, pi. 27: fig. 58 [type 

locality: La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico].—Fortes, 198lb:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Ceramium marshallense Dawson 

Ceramium marshallense Dawson, 1957:120, figs. 27a,b [type locality: Rigili 

I., Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Is.].—Fortes and Trono, 1980:60. 

Ceramium sinicola Setchell and Gardner 

Ceramium sinicola Setchell and Gardner, 1924a:773, pi. 25: figs. 40, 41; 

pi. 75 [type locality: Ensenada, Baja California Norte, Mexico].—Fortes 

and Trono, 1980:60 [var. sinicola].—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PANAY: Iloilo. 
56 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Ceramium taylorii Dawson 

Ceramium taylorii Dawson, 1950c:127, figs. 13, 31-33 [type locality: Cabeza Ballena, Baja California Sur, Mexico].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Ceramium tenerrimum (Martens) Okamura 

Hormoceras tenerrimum Martens, 1868:146, pi. VIII: fig. 2 [type locality: 

Nagasaki, Japan]. 

Ceramium tenerrimum (Martens) Okamura, 1921:112.—Cordero, 1977a: 

181, fig. 187. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Manila Bay. 

Ceramium tenuissimum (Roth) J.E. Areschoug 

Ceramium diaphanum (Lightfoot) Roth var. tenuissimum Roth, 1806:156 

[type locality: not specified]. 

Ceramium tenuissimum (Roth) J.E. Areschoug, 1847:322.—Cornejo and 

Velasquez, 1972:182, pi. 3: fig. 25.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:133. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. 

NOTE.—This species is usually attributed either to (Lyngbye) J. Agardh (1851 [1851-1863]:120) or to (Roth) J. 

Agardh (1851 [1851-1863]: 120). In the first instance, the 

basionym is cited as Ceramium diaphanum var. tenuissimum 

Lyngbye (1819:120, pi. 37:B.4), but Lyngbye accredited the 

variety to Roth. Areschoug was the first to elevate it to 

specific rank. Regardless, the name is untenable because it 

is a later homonym of C. tenuissimum Bonnemaison 

(1828:132) from Atlantic France, which is referable to 

Aglaothamnion. The correct name probably will be found 

among taxonomic synonyms. 

Ceramium vagans P.C. Silva, new name 

Ceramium vagabundum Dawson, 1957:121, fig. 21 e ["vagabunde"] [type 

locality: Parry I., Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Is.] [replaced name].— 

Vannajan and Trono, 1978:24, fig. 32.—Chan, 1981:387.—Saraya and 

Trono, 1982:45, pi. VII: fig. 2 ["vugabunde" p. 45]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Cavite. 

NOTE.—Ceramium vagans is proposed as a substitute 

name for C. vagabundum Dawson, a later homonym of C. 

vagabundum (Linnaeus) Roth (1800a:465). 

Ceramium zacae Setchell and Gardner 

Ceramium zacae Setchell and Gardner, 1937:89, pi. 8: figs. 22a-22c [type 

locality: Bahia San Bartolome (Bahia Tortugas), Baja California Sur, 

Mexico].—Fortes and Trono, 1980:60, fig. 11.—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Crouania J. Agardh 

Crouania attenuata (C. Agardh) J. Agardh 

Mesogloia attenuata C. Agardh, 1824:51 [type locality: "In mari Atlantico"]. 

Crouania attenuata (C. Agardh) J. Agardh, 1842:83.—Menez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Crouania minutissima Yamada 

Crouania minutissima Yamada, 1944:40 [type locality: Ant Atoll, near 

Ponape, Caroline Is.].—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:25, fig. 33.—Fortes 

and Trono, 1980:65.—Fortes, 198 lb:396.—Saraya and Trono, 

1982:46. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Cavite. 

PALAWAN. 

Dasyphila Sonder 

Dasyphila plumarioides Yendo 

Dasyphila plumarioides Yendo, 1920:7 [type locality: Kotosho (Hung-t'ou), 

Taiwan].—Berdach, 1980:101, fig. 2. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PANAY: Aklan. 

Gordoniella Itono 

Gordoniella yonakuniensis (Yamada and Tanaka) Itono 

Spermothamnion yonakuniense Yamada and Tanaka, 1938:79, figs. 12, 

13 ["yonakuniensis"] [type locality: Yonakuni-jima, Sakishima-gunto, 

Ryukyu-retto, Japan].—Cordero, 1976c:9; 1977a:183, figs. 189, 190; 

1978a:46. 

Gordoniella yonakuniensis (Yamada and Tanaka) Itono, 1977:54. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Griffithsia C. Agardh 

Griffithsia ovalis Harvey 

Griffithsia ovalis Harvey, 1855:559 [type locality: King George Sound, 

Western Australia, Australia].—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:179, pi. 

2: figs. 18, 18a.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:147.—Chan, 

1981:387.—Fortes, 1981b:396.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Griffithsia rhizophora Grunow ex Weber-van Bosse 

Griffithsia rhizophora Grunow ex Weber-van Bosse, 1923:313 [syntype 

localities: various, in Indonesia and Sri Lanka].—Saraya and Trono, 

1982:46, pi. VIII: fig. 4. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 
NUMBER 27 57 

Gymnothamnion J. Agardh 

Gymnothamnion elegans (Schousboe ex C. Agardh) 

J. Agardh 

Callithamnion elegans Schousboe ex C. Agardh, 1828:162 [type locality: 

Tangier, Morocco]. 

Gymnothamnion elegans (Schousboe ex C. Agardh) J. Agardh, 1892:178 

["rlegans"].—Saraya and Trono, 1982:48. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Haloplegma Montagne 

Haloplegma duperreyi Montagne 

Haloplegma duperreyi Montagne, 1842d:258, pi. 7: fig. 1 [type locality: 

Martinique].—Berdach, 1980:101, fig. 1 ["Haploplegma"].—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PANAY: Aklan. 

Microcladia Greville 

Microcladia elegans Okamura 

Microcladia elegans Okamura, 1907 [ 1907-1909]: 1, pi. I: figs. 1-10 [syntype localities: various, all in Japan].—Cordero, 1976c:ll; 1977a: 181, 

pi. XII:A.; 1978a:48; 1984a: 104. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan. CATANDUANES. MINDANAO: Davao. 

1941:375, footnote.—Cordero. 1976c:9; 1977a:183, fig. 11 

1978a:46. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Spyridia Harvey 

Spyridia filamentosa (Wulfen) Harvey 

Fucus filamentosus Wulfen, 1803:64 [type locality: Adriatic Sea]. 

Spyridia filamentosa (Wulfen) Harvey, 1833:337.—Weber-van Bosse 

1923:320.—Howe, 1932:170.—Reyes, 1972:158.—Trono, 1972a 

106; 1973a: 140; 1973d:20, pi. 11: fig. 12.—Trono and Bina, 1973 

11.—Trono, 1974b:95.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975 

164.—Cordero, 1977a: 184, figs. 191, 192.—Reyes, 1980:138, pi. 11 

figs. 4a,b. —Chan, 1981:387.—Fortes, 1981b:396.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:47.—Trono and Ang, 

1982:20. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. NEGROS: Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.), SULU: Sulu (Capual I., Siasi 

I.), Tawitawi. 

Spyridia velasquezii Trono 

Spyridia velasquezii Trono, 1972b:53, pi. 9: figs. 1, 2; pi. 10: fig. 3 [type 

locality: Koror I., Palau Group (Belau), Caroline Is.].—Fortes, 

1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Microcladia glandulosa (Solander ex Turner) Greville 

Fucus glandulosus Solander ex Turner, 1808:81, pi. 38 [syntype localities: 

various, in England and Atlantic Spain]. 

Microcladia glandulosa (Solander ex Turner) Greville, 1830:1 ["el"].— 

Domantay, 1962:293.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:153. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Pleonosporium (Nageli) Nageli ex Hauck 

Pleonosporium globuliferum Levring 

Pleonosporium globuliferum Levring, 1941:647, fig. 19 [type locality: 

Mas Afuera, Islas Juan Fernandez, Chile].—Saraya and Trono, 1982:46. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Ptilothamnion Thuret 

Ptilothamnion cladophorae (Yamada and Tanaka) 

Feldmann-Mazoyer 

Spermothamnion cladophorae Yamada and Tanaka, 1934:342, figs. 1, 2 

[syntype localities: Garan-bi (O-luan) and Kasho-to, Taiwan]. 

Ptilothamnion cladophorae (Yamada and Tanaka) Feldmann-Mazoyer, 

Wrangelia C. Agardh 

Wrangelia argus (Montagne) Montagne 

Griffithsia argus Montagne, 1841 [1839-1842]: 176, pi. 8: fig. 4 [type 

locality: Roque del Gando, Islas Canarias]. 

Wrangelia argus (Montagne) Montagne, 1856:444.—Cordero, 1977a:186, 

figs. 195-198.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:47, pi. IX: fig. 3. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan. Pangasinan. 

Wrangelia bicuspidata B^rgesen 

Wrangelia bicuspidata B^rgesen, 1916:118, figs. 127-130 [type locality: 

between St. Jan (St. John) and St. Thomas, Virgin Is.].—Fortes, 

1981b:396.—Trono and Ang, 1982:21. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). 

Wrangelia penicillata (C. Agardh) C. Agardh 

Griffithsia penicillata C. Agardh, 1824:143 ["Griffitsia"] [type locality: "Ad 

oras Italiae"]. 

Wrangelia penicillata (C. Agardh) C. Agardh, 1828:138.—Fortes and 

Trono, 1980:61, fig. 8.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:48, pi. VIII: fig. 3. 

Trono and Ang, 1982:21. 
58 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. CEBU 

(Mactan I.). PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). 

Family DELESSERIACEAE 

Botryocarpa Greville 

Botryocarpa prolifera Greville 

Fucus botryocarpus Turner, 1819 [1815-1819]: 115, pi. 246 [type locality: 

Cape of Good Hope, South Africa]. 

Botryocarpa prolifera Greville, 1830:xlix.—Dickie, 1876a:245.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:130. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

NOTE.—Greville, when establishing the genus Botryocarpa on the basis of Fucus botryocarpus Turner, was obliged 

to change the epithet in order to avoid the creation of a 

tautonym, which is proscribed by Article 23.4 of the ICBN. 

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Claudea Lamouroux 

*Claudea batanensis Tanaka 

Claudea batanensis Tanaka, 1967:18, figs. 6-8, pi. II:B [type locality: Batan 

I., Batanes Prov., Luzon].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:136.— 

Cordero, 1977a: 198; 1978a:48. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Claudea multifida Harvey 

Claudea multifida Harvey, 1854:145, pi. VI [type locality: Belligam (Weligama), Sri Lanka].—Cordero, 1977a:199, fig. 215, pi. XXVI.B-Liao 

and Sotto, 1980:99.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Cordero, 

1984a: 106. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Batangas. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. PANAY: 

Aklan, Iloilo. GUIMARAS. CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. 

Caloglossa (Harvey) J. Agardh 

Caloglossa adnata (Zanardini) De Toni 

Delesseria adnata Zanardini, 1872:141, pi. V:B [type locality: Sarawak, 

Malaysia]. 

Caloglossa adnata (Zanardini) De Toni, 1900:730.—Post, 1938:211.— 

Fortes and Trono, 1980:61. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Rizal. MINDORO: 

Oriental Mindoro. 

Caloglossa leprieurii (Montagne) J. Agardh 

Delesseria leprieurii Montagne, 1840:196, pi. 5: fig. 1 [type locality: near 

Cayenne, French Guiana]. 

Caloglossa leprieurii (Montagne) J. Agardh, 1876:499.—Fortes and Trono, 

1980:61, fig. 7.—Fortes, 198 lb:396.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Caloglossa leprieurii (Montagne) J. Agardh var. hookeri 

Post 

Caloglossa leprieurii (Montagne) J. Agardh var. hookeri Post, 1936:53 [type 

locality: Bay of Islands, New Zealand].—Post 1938:211, 212. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Rizal. 

Cottoniella B«/>rgesen 

Cottoniella filamentosa (Howe) B</>rgesen 

Sarcomenia filamentosa Howe, 1905:571, pi. 27; pi. 29: figs. 1-11 [type 

locality: Biscayne Key, Florida, USA]. 

Cottoniella filamentosa (Howe) B^rgesen, 1920:478.—Westernhagen, 

1973a:65; 1974:112 (table I). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Hypoglossum Kutzing 

Hypoglossum attenuatum Gardner 

Hypoglossum attenuatum Gardner, 1927b: 104, pi. 20: fig. 3; pis. 35, 36 

[type locality: Puerto Libertad, Sonora, Mexico].—Domantay, 

1962:291.—Trono, 1973a: 141, fig. 22.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:150. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Sorsogon. 

Hypoglossum serrulatum J. Agardh 

Hypoglossum serrulatum J. Agardh, 1898:186 [type locality: Port Jackson, 

New South Wales, Australia].—Weber-van Bosse, 1923:389.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:150. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.). 

Caloglossa ogasawaraensis Okamura 

Caloglossa ogasawaraensis Okamura, 1897:12, figs, A- D [type locality: 

Ogasawara-gunto (Bonin Is.), Japan].—Fortes and Trono, 1980:62.— 

Fortes, 198Ib:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Hypoglossum spathulatum (Sonder) Kutzing 

Delesseria spathulata Sonder, 1845:57 [type locality: Western Australia, 

Australia']. 

Hypoglossum spathulatum (Sonder) Kutzing, 1849:877.—Weber-van Bosse, 

1923:389.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:150. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.). 
NUMBER 27 59 

Martensia Hering 

Martensia flabelliformis Harvey ex J. Agardh 

Martensia flabelliformis Harvey exj . Agardh, 1863 [ 1851 —1863]:826 [type 

locality: Tonga].—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 1974:112 (table I).—Cordero, 1977a:222. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. 

Martensia speciosa Zanardini 

Martensia speciosa Zanardini, 1874:488 [type locality: Lord Howe I.].— 

Weber-van Bosse, 1923:385.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:152. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Pearl 

Bank). 

Opephyllum Schmitz 

*Opephyllum martensii Schmitz 

Opephyllum martensii Schmitz in Schmitz and Hauptfleisch, 1897 [1896-

1897]:410 [type locality, "an der Kiiste der Philippinen' (Zamboanga)].—De Toni, 1900:620; 1924:321.—Kylin, 1956:449.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:158. 

Pollexfenia pedicellata [misapplied name fide Schmitz, I.e.].—Martens, 

1868:32, 100-101.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:160. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Taenioma J. Agardh 

Taenioma perpusillum (J. Agardh) J. Agardh 

Polysiphonia perpusilla ]. Agardh, 1847:16 [type locality: "St. Augustin" 

(Oaxaca, Mexico)]. 

Taenioma perpusillum (J. Agardh) J. Agardh, 1863 [1851 -1863]: 1257.— 

Fortes and Trono, 1980:65.—Fortes, 1981b:396.—Saraya and Trono, 

1982:48, pi. IX: figs. 1,4. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). 

Vanvoorstia Harvey 

Vanvoorstia spectabilis Harvey 

Vanvoorstia spectabilis Harvey, 1854:144, pi. V [type locality: Belligam 

(Weligama), Sri Lanka].—Weber-van Bosse, 1923:390.—Trono, 

1973d:20, pi. 10: fig. 5.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:186.— 

Trono, 1974b:94.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:169.—Cordero, 1977a:230, pi. XXVIILB.—Lia o and Sotto, 1980:99.—Mefiez 

and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Quezon, NEGROS: 

Negros Oriental, SIQUIJOR. CEBU (Mactan I.), SULU: Sulu 

(North Ubian I., Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

Zellera Martens 

Zellera tawallina Martens 

Zellera tawallina Martens, 1868:33, pi. VIII: fig. 3 [type locality: Little 

Tawali I., Moluccas, Indonesia].—Reyes, 1980:139, pi. 12: fig. 2.— 

Saraya and Trono, 1982:48. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. SIQUIJOR. 

Family DASYACEAE 

Dasya C. Agardh 

Dasya adhaerens Yamada 

Dasya adhaerens Yamada, 1944:43, pi. 7: fig. 1 [type locality: Ant Atoll, 

near Ponape, Caroline Is.].—Cordero, 1977a:231, fig. 261; 1978a:49. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Dasya baillouviana (S.G. Gmelin) Montagne 

Fucus baillouviana S.G. Gmelin, 1768:165 [type locality: Mediterranean 

Sea]. 

Dasya baillouviana (S.G. Gmelin) Montagne, 1841 [ 1839-1842]: 165.— 

Menez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Dasya mollis Harvey 

Dasya mollis Harvey, 1853:62 [type locality: Key West, Florida, USA].— 

Vannajan and Trono, 1978:25, fig. 37. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cavite. 

Dasya ocellata (Grateloup) Harvey 

Ceramium ocellatum Grateloup, 1806: pi. [1]: fig. II [type locality: Sete, 

Herault, France]. 

Dasya ocellata (Grateloup) Harvey, 1833:335.—Cordero, 1977a:231, fig. 

262; 1978a:49. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Dasya punicea (Zanardini) Meneghini 

Baillouviana punicea Zanardini, 1840b:204 [type locality: Chioggia, Italy] 

Dasya punicea (Zanardini) Meneghini in Zanardini, 1841:168.—Cordero, 

1977a:232, fig. 263; 1978a:49. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Dasya sessilis Yamada 

Dasya sessilis Yamada, 1928:524, fig. 19 [syntype localities: various, all in 

Japan].—Cordero, 1977a:234, figs. 264, 265; 1984a:105. 
60 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan. 

Eupogodon Kutzing 

The reason for adopting Eupogodon for the genus currently known as Dasyopsis is given in the appended Nomenclatural Notes. 

Eupogodon antillarum (Howe) P.C. Silva, new 

combination 

Dasyopsis antillarum Howe, 1920:577 [type locality: Fort George Cay, 

Caicos Is., Bahama Is.].—Trono and Ang, 1982:22. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). 

Eupogodon pilosus (Weber-van Bosse) P.C. Silva, new 

combination 

Dasyopsis pilosa Weber-van Bosse, 1923:377, fig. 137 [syntype localities: 

Indonesia: Waroe, Ceram I., Moluccas; Atja Tuning (Attiatti Onin), 

Irian Barat].—Cordero, 1977a:234, fig. 266.—Fortes, 1981b:396.— 

Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Heterosiphonia Montagne 

Heterosiphonia crispella (C. Agardh) Wynne 

Callithamnion crispellum C. Agardh, 1828:183 [lectotype locality: near 

Cadiz, Spain fide Wynne, 1985b:86]. 

Heterosiphonia crispella (C. Agardh) Wynne, 1985b:87. 

Dasya wurdemannii Bailey ex Harvey, 1853:64, pi. XV:C ["wurdemanni"] 

[type locality: Key West, Florida, USA]. 

Heterosiphonia wurdemannii (Bailey ex Harvey) Falkenberg in Schmitz and 

Hauptfleisch, 1897 [1896-1897]:473 ["wurdemanni"].—Vannajan and 

Trono, 1978:25, fig. 38. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cavite. 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Callithamnion crispellum 

and Dasya wurdemannii was proposed by Wynne (1985b). 

Heterosiphonia crispella (C. Agardh) Wynne 

var. laxa (B#rgesen) Wynne 

Heterosiphonia wurdemannii (Bailey ex Harvey) Falkenberg var. laxa 

B^rgesen, 1919:327, figs. 327, 328 [type locality: St. Croix, Virgin 

Is.]._Fortes, 1981b:396. 

Heterosiphonia crispella (C. Agardh) Wynne var. laxa (B^rgesen) Wynne, 

1985b:87. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Heterosiphonia muelleri (Sonder) De Toni 

Dasya muelleri Sonder, 1855:525 [type locality: Port Phillip, Victoria, 

Australia]. 

Heterosiphonia muelleri (Sonder) De Toni, 1903:1237.—Weber-van Bosse, 

1923:380.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:150. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.). 

NOTE.—Parsons (1975:627) expressed doubt that tropical records of Heterosiphonia muelleri (including Webervan Bosse's record from Sulu) are referable to this species. 

Tapeinodasya Weber-van Bosse 

*Tapeinodasya bornetii Weber-van Bosse 

Tapeinodasya bornetii Weber-van Bosse, 1904a:96, figs. 1, 2 ["borneti"] 

[syntype localities: Saleyer (Selajar) I., Celebes, Indonesia; Sulu Archipelago].—Weber-van Bosse, 1923:381, figs. 138, 139, pi. X: figs. 1-

4.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:165. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Pearl Bank, 

Sangasiapu I.). 

Family RHODOMELACEAE 

Acanthophora Lamouroux 

Acanthophora aokii Okamura 

Acanthophora aokii Okamura, 1934 [1933-1942]:35, pi. 318: figs. 15-17 

["aoki"] [syntype localities: Tainan and Kotosho (Hung-t'ou), Taiwan].—Cordero, 1977a: 187, figs. 199, 200, 207; 1978a:48, 56; 

1980b:60. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Ilocos Norte, MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: Western 

Samar, Eastern Samar. PANAY: Aklan. 

Acanthophora muscoides (Linnaeus) 

Bory de Saint-Vincent 

Fucus muscoides Linnaeus, 1753:1161 [type locality: Ascension I.]. 

Acanthophora muscoides (Linnaeus) Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1828 [1826— 

1829]: 156.—Westernhagen, 1973a:64; 1974:112 (table I).—Cordero, 

1977a:189, fig. 204; 1980b:61.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:97, 

fig. [s.n.].—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Laserna et al., 1981:445.— 

Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Calumpong, 1982:145.—Cordero, 1984a: 105. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Batangas, Quezon, NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Apo I.), CEBU (Mactan I.). SIQUIJOR. 

Acanthophora spicifera (Vahl) B^rgesen 

Fucus spiciferus Vahl, 1802:44 [type locality: St. Croix, Virgin Is.]. 

Acanthophora spicifera (Vahl) B^rgesen, 1910:201.—Weber-van Bosse, 

1923:347.—Cantoria, Velasquez, and Valenzuela, 1951:296, footnote.—Domantay, 1962:287.—Galutira and Velasquez, 1964:510, pi. 

5: fig. 18; pi. 9: figs. 37a> — Velasquez, 1968a: 122, fig. 9.—Villones 

and Magdamo, 1968:27, fig. 23.—Velasquez, 1971:449, fig. 36.— 

Reyes, 1972:158.—Trono, 1972a: 106.—Velasquez, 1972:63.— 

Trono, 1973d:20, pi. 11: fig. 10.—Trono and Bina, 1973:11.—Velasquez et al., 1973:32, pi. 14: fig. 67.—Westernhagen, 1973a:64.— 

Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:185, 186, 187.—Trono, 1974b:96.— 
NUMBER 27 61 

Westernhagen, 1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:125.—Cordero, 1977a:189, figs. 201, 203, pi. XXVLA ; 

1978a:56.—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:25, fig. 36.—Trono, 

1978:19.—Cordero, 1979b:295.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:42.—Velasquez, 1979b:230.—Cajipe etal., 1980:69.—Cordero, 1980b:61, pi. 

40.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:99.—Moreland, 1980:43, 46.—Reyes, 

1980:139, pi. 12: fig. 3.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:74.—Trono and 

Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:99, fig. [s.n.].—Trono, Velasquez, and Guevarra, 

1980:79.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Guzman, 1981:42.—Laserna et 

al., 1981:445.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Trono and 

Azanza-Corrales, 1981:744.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:19.—Calumpong, 1982:145.—Cordero, 1982a:60, 61.—Saraya and Trono, 

1982:49.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:153.—Buchan-Antalan and Trono, 

1983:19, fig. 2.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:144.—Cordero, 1984a: 105; 

1984b:66; 1984c:55.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:180.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:58, fig. 48; 1984b: 129.—Tungpalan, 1984:141.— 

Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1985:63. 

Fucus acanthophorus Lamouroux, 1805:61, pi. XXX; pi. XXXI: fig. 1 

[type locality: "Amerique septentrionale"]. 

Acanthophora thierryi Lamouroux, 1813:132 ["thierii"]—Montagne, 

1844a:662.—Martens, 1868:100-101.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:125. 

* Acanthophora orientalis]. Agardh, 1863 [ 1851-1863]:820 [syntype localities: Marianas; "ad Manillam," Luzon].—Piccone, 1886:81, 90.—Heydrich, 1894:296.—Mazza, 1909:16—De Toni, 1924:380.—Collado, 

1926:129.—Howe, 1932:169, 170.—G. Blanco, 1938:512.—Montilla and Blanco, 1953:166.—Domantay, 1962:288.—Westernhagen, 

1973a:64; 1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:125. 

Acanthophora spicifera (Vahl) B^rgesen f. orientalis (J. Agardh) Weber-van 

Bosse, 1923:348.—Zaneveld, 1956:25 [var. orientalis]; 1959:106 [var. 

orientalis].—Bersamin et al., 1973:184 [var. orientalis]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan, 

Rizal, Manila, Cavite, Batangas, Quezon, Albay. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. MASBATE. SAMAR: Western 

Samar, Eastern Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. 

GUIMARAS. NEGROS: Negros Occidental (incl. Ilacaon I.), 

Negros Oriental (incl. Apo I.), CEBU (incl. Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Surigao del Sur, Davao. PALAWAN, SULU: Sulu (incl. Siasi I.) Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Fucus spiciferus and Acanthophora thierryi was proposed by B^rgesen (1910:201). 

Acanthophora orientalis was added as a synonym by Webervan Bosse (1923:348). Lamouroux, when establishing the 

genus Acanthophora on the basis of Fucus acanthophorus 

Lamouroux, was obliged to change the epithet in order to 

avoid the creation of a tautonym, which is proscribed by 

Article 23.4 of the ICBN. The new epithet was chosen to 

commemorate "M. Thierry fils, professeur de physique et 

de chimie a . . . Caen". Lamouroux's incorrect original 

spelling is automatically correctable in accordance with Article 73.1 of the ICBN. 

Acrocystis Zanardini 

Acrocystis nana Zanardini 

Acrocystis nana Zanardini, 1872:145, pi. VIIL A [type locality: "Tangion 

Datu" (Cape Datu), boundary between Sarawak, Malaysia and West 

Kalimantan, Indonesia].—Cordero, 198 la: 173, fig. 2.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Alsidium C. Agardh 

Alsidium pusillum Dawson 

Alsidium pusillum Dawson, 1963:20, pi. 3: figs. 1-4 [type locality: Academy 

Bay, Isla Santa Cruz, Galapagos].—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:28, fig. 

34 [A. pusillum prox.]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cavite. 

Amansia Lamouroux 

Amansia glomerata C. Agardh 

Amansia glomerata C. Agardh, 1822a: 194 [syntype localities: Hawaiian Is.; 

"Ravak" (Lawak), Waigeo I., Moluccas, Indonesia].—J. Agardh, 1863 

[1851-1863]:! 111.—Domantay, 1962:288.—Reyes, 1972:159.— 

Trono, 1972a: 108; 1973a: 139, fig. 21.—Westernhagen, 1973a:64; 

1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:126.—Cordero, 1976c:8; 1977a:192, fir;,. 205, 26?- 1978a:54.—Trono, 

1978:19.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:15.—Liao an<; Sotto, 1980:99.— 

Reyes, 1980:140, pi. 12: fig. 5.—Fortes, 1981b:3<>6.—Menez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Saraya and Tr^o , 1982.49, pi. IX: fig. 2. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan, Quezon, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MARINDUQUE. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU (incl. Mactan I.). SIQUIJOR. 

BASILAN. PALAWAN, SULU: Tawitawi. 

Bostrychia Montagne 

Bostrychia binderi Harvey 

Bostrychia binderi Harvey, 1849 [1847-1849]:68, pi. XXVIII [in part] 

[type locality: Port Natal (Durban), South Africa].—Post, 1936:28, 30, 

33; 1939:23.—Villones and Magdamo, 1968:28, fig. 27.—Trono, 

1973a: 138.—Cordero, 1977a: 193, figs. 206, 208, 209.—Fortes, 

1981b:396.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Saraya and Trono, 

1982:49, pi. X: figs. 1-3. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Pangasinan, Batangas, Quezon, MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN. 

Bostrychia calliptera (Montagne) Montagne 

Rhodomela calliptera Montagne, 1840:197, pi. 5: fig. 2 [type locality: 

Cayenne, French Guiana]. 

Bostrychia calliptera (Montagne) Montagne, 1842b:661.—Post, 1938:206. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Quezon. 

Bostrychia intricata (Bory de Saint-Vincent) Montagne 

Scytonema intricatum Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1829 [1826-1829]:225 ['intricata"] [lectotype locality: Falkland Is. fide Post, 1936:36, 40]. 
62 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Bostrychia intricata (Bory de Saint-Vincent) Montagne, 1852:317. 

Bostrychia mixta]. Hooker and Harvey, 1845a:270 [type locality: Bay of 

Islands, New Zealand]. 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Bostrychia intricata and B. 

mixta was proposed by Post (1936:10, 36, 40), who adopted 

the later of the two names without comment. As pointed 

out by Papenfuss (1964:59), Scytonema intricatum is invalid 

because the generic name Scytonema is invalid (Articles 13.2 

and 43 of the ICBN), being originally applied to a group of 

Cyanophyceae (Nostocaceae heterocysteae) with an 1886 

starting point (Article 13.1(e)). With the abandonment of 

later starting points in the Cyanophyceae, however, Scytonema intricatum becomes available. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Post (1936:13-

19). 

Bostrychia simpliciuscula Harvey ex J. Agardh 

Bostrychia simpliciuscula Harvey ex J. Agardh, 1863 [1851-1863]:854 

[type locality: Tonga]. 

Bostrychia tenuis Post f. simpliciuscula (Harvey ex J. Agardh) Post, 

1936:23.—Post, 1938:205; 1939:16. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Rizal, Quezon. 

NOTE.—Post (1936:22) erred in establishing a new species, Bostrychia tenuis, to which she assigned two existing 

species, B. simpliciuscula and B. andoi Okamura 1907. 

TAXON OF UNCERTAIN VALUE 

Philippine records for Bostrychia intricata are under the 

following infraspecific taxon, which has not been formally 

transferred to it. 

Bostrychia mixta J. Hooker and Harvey f. inermis Post 

Bostrychia mixta J. Hooker and Harvey f. inermis Post, 1936: 7, 42 [syntype 

localities: Indonesia; Queensland, Australia].—Post, 1938:211. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Rizal. 

Bostrychia kelanensis Grunow 

Bostrychia kelanensis Grunow in Post, 1936:20 [type locality: Kelana, Papua 

New Guinea].—Post, 1936:20, 21, 22; 1938:205.—Tanaka, 1967:20, 

figs. 9, 10, pi. H:A.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:129.—Cordero, 1977a:193. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan, Rizal. 

SULU: Sulu. 

Bostrychia moritziana (Sonder ex Kutzing) J. Agardh 

Polysiphonia (?) moritziana Sonder ex Kutzing, 1849:838 [syntype localities: 

Antilles; Cayenne, French Guiana]. 

Bostrychia moritziana (Sonder ex Kutzing) J. Agardh, 1863 [1851-

1863]:862.—Post, 1938:204; 1939:15. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Rizal, Quezon. 

Bostrychia radicans (Montagne) Montagne 

Rhodomela radicans Montagne, 1840:198, pi. 5: fig. 3 [type locality: 

Cayenne, French Guiana]. 

Bostrychia radicans (Montagne) Montagne, 1842b:661.—Post, 1938:205; 

1939:15, 16.—Hamoy and Garciano, 1975:71.—Fortes and Trono, 

1980:65, fig. 9.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:74.—Fortes, 1981b:396.— 

Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:153. 

Bostrychia rivularis Harvey, 1853:57, pi. XIV:C [syntype localities: various, 

all in Atlantic USA].—Hamoy and Garciano, 1975:71. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Rizal, Quezon, MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CEBU. 

Bostrychia tenella (Lamouroux) J. Agardh 

Fucus tenellus Vahl, 1802:45 [type locality: St. Croix, Virgin Is.]. 

Plocamium tenellum Lamouroux, 1813:138. 

Bostrychia tenella (Lamouroux) J. Agardh, 1863 [ 1851-1863]:869.—Post, 

1936:25, 26; 1938:206.—Trono, 1973a: 138.—Cordero, 1976c:10; 

1977a:195, fig. 210; 1978a:52; 1979b:295.—Reyes, 1980:140, pi. 12, 

fig. 6.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381.—Cordero, 1984b:67. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Quezon, MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. PANAY: Aklan. SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Fucus tenellus Vahl, the intended basionym of 

Bostrychia tenella, is a later homonym of F. tenellus Esper 

(1800:197, pi. CIX) and hence not priorable. Plocamium 

tenellum Lamouroux is treated as a nomen novum in accordance with Article 72, Note 1, of the ICBN. 

Chondria C. Agardh 

Chondria armata (Kutzing) Okamura 

Lophura armata Kutzing, 1866:2, pi. 3: figs, a, b [type locality: New Caledonia]. 

Chondria armata (Kutzing) Okamura, 1907 [ 1907-1909]:69.—Quisumbing, 1951:1008.—Cordero, 1977a: 195, fig. 211, pi. XXVI:c; 

1980b:62.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan, Quezon, 

Sorsogon. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Chondria crassicaulis Harvey 

Chondria crassicaulis Harvey, 1860a:330 [syntype localities: Shimoda and 

Hakodate, Japan].—Cordero, 1977a: 196, fig. 212. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN. 

Chondria curvilineata Collins and Hervey 

Chondria curvilineata Collins and Hervey, 1917:120, pi. II: figs. 10, 11 

[type locality: Heron Bay, Bermuda].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 
NUMBER 27 63 

Chondria dasyphylla (Woodward) C. Agardh 

Fucus dasyphyllus Woodward, 1794:239, pi. 23: figs. 1-3 [syntype localities: Cromer and Yarmouth, Norfolk, England]. 

Chondria dasyphylla (Woodward) C. Agardh, 1817:xviii. Webervan Bosse, 1923:352.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:135.—Cordero, 1977a:196, fig. 213; 1978a:55.-Chan, 1981:387.—Cordero, 

1984a:106. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan. LEYTE. SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.). 

Chondria polyrhiza Collins and Hervey 

Chondria polyrhiza Collins and Hervey, 1917:121, pi. II: fig. 12 [type 

locality: Shelly Bay, Bermuda].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Chondria repens B</>rgesen 

Chondria repens B</>rgesen, 1924:299, figs. 40, 41 [type locality: Isla de 

Pascua (Easter Island)].—Cordero, 1977a: 198, fig. 214; 1980b:63 — 

Saraya and Trono, 1982:50.—Cordero, 1984a: 106. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Cavite (Corregidor I.), SIQUIJOR. 

Chondria sedifolia Harvey 

Chondria sedifolia Harvey, 1853:19, pi. XVIILc [type locality: Key West, 

Florida, USA].—Reyes, 1980:141, pi. 13, fig. 5. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SIQUIJOR. 

Chondria seticulosa (Forsskal) C. Agardh 

Conferva seticulosa Forsskal, 1775:188 [type locality: Mokha, Yemen]. 

Chondria seticulosa (Forsskal) C. Agardh, 1822a:345. 

Laurencia seticulosa (Forsskal) Greville, 1830:lii.—Quisumbing, 

1951:1010. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos 

Norte. 

*Chondria sibogae Weber-van Bosse 

Chondria sibogae Weber-van Bosse, 1923:350, fig. 134. [syntype localities: 

Lombok I. and Borneo Bank, Indonesia; North Ubian I., Sulu Prov., 

Sulu Archipelago].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:135. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Digenea C. Agardh 

Digenea simplex (Wulfen) C. Agardh 

Conferva simplex Wulfen, 1803:17 [type locality: Trieste, Italy]. 

Digenea simplex (Wulfen) C. Agardh, 1822a:389.—G. Blanco, 1938 

512.—Quisumbing, 1951:49.—Sulit, Navarro, and San Juan, 1952 

167.—Montilla and Blanco, 1953:166, fig. 5:3.—Antonio, 1962 

13.—Domantay, 1968:26.—Velasquez, 1971:449, fig. 35.—Trono, 

1973a: 140, fig. 16.—Cordero, 1976c:6, 8, 10; 1977a:200, figs. 

216, 217; 1978a:52; 1980b:63, fig. 24, pi. 41.—Moreland, 1980:51.— 

Xrono and Fortes, 1980:74.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Trono and 

Fortes, 1982:153.—Tungpalan, 1984:138. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Bataan, Manila, Batangas, 

Quezon, Sorsogon. PALAWAN. 

Enantiocladia Falkenberg 

Enantiocladia okamurae Yamada 

Enantiocladia okamurae Yamada, 1930b:27 ["okamurai"] [syntype localities: 

various, all in Japan.]—Cordero, 1977a:201, fig. 220.—MarcosAgngarayngay, 1984a:60, fig. 50. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Endosiphonia Zanardini 

Endosiphonia spinuligera Zanardini 

Endosiphonia spinuligera Zanardini, 1878:35 [type locality: Wokam I., Aru 

Is., Indonesia].—Weber-van Bosse, 1923:354.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:142. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Pearl Bank, 

Sangasiapu I.). 

Exophyllum Weber-van Bosse 

*Exophyllum wentii Weber-van Bosse 

Exophyllum wentii Weber-van Bosse, 1911:29 [syntype localities: Savu I. 

and Borneo Bank, Indonesia; North Ubian I., Sulu Prov., Sulu Archipelago].—Weber-van Bosse, 1928:478.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:144 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

NOTE.—This alga, long considered of uncertain taxonomic position, was assigned to the Rhodomelaceae by Hollenberg (1968d:81) on the basis of newly discovered spermatangial plants. 

Herposiphonia Nageli 

Herposiphonia crassa Hollenberg 

Herposiphonia crassa Hollenberg, 1968c:539, figs. 12, 13 [type locality: 

Kahakuloa Bay, Maui, Hawaiian Is.].—Saraya and Trono, 1982:51. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Herposiphonia delicatula Hollenberg 

Herposiphonia delicatula Hollenberg, 1968c:540, figs. 1A,B, 2H , 3 [including Philippine record] [type locality: Falas I., Truk Is., Caroline Is.].— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:149. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Davao. 
64 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Herposiphonia dendroidea Hollenberg 

Herposiphonia dendroidea Hollenberg, 1968c:543, figs. lc-E, 9 [type locality: Raroia Atoll, Tuamotu Archipelago].—Fortes and Trono, 

1980:65, fig. 12.—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

Herposiphonia dendroidea var. minor Hollenberg 

Herposiphonia dendroidea var. minor Hollenberg, 1968c:543, figs. 7, 24 

[type locality: Raroia Atoll, Tuamotu Archipelago].—Fortes and Trono, 

1980:66, fig. 14.—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SAMAR: Eastern Samar 

(Manicani I.), CEBU. 

Herposiphonia nuda Hollenberg 

Herposiphonia nuda Hollenberg, 1968c:548, figs. 2E,F, 8 [type locality: Ilio 

Point, Molokai, Hawaiian Is.].—Chan, 1981:387. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Herposiphonia obscura Hollenberg 

Herposiphonia obscura Hollenberg, 1968c:549, fig. 25 [type locality: Ewa 

Beach, Oahu, Hawaiian Is.].—Fortes and Trono, 1980:66, fig. 13.— 

Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU. 

Herposiphonia pacifica Hollenberg 

Herposiphonia pacifica Hollenberg, 1968c:549, figs. 2A,B, 4, 19 [including 

Philippine record] [type locality: Maalea, Maui, Hawaiian Is.].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:149. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Surigao. 

Herposiphonia parca Setchell 

Herposiphonia parca Setchell, 1926:103, pi. 20: fig. 2 [type locality: Arue 

Reef, Tahiti].—Hollenberg, 1968c:552.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:149.—Fortes and Trono, 1980:66.—Chan, 1981:387.—Fortes, 

1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. LEYTE. 

MINDANAO: Davao. PALAWAN (Balabac I.), SULU: Sulu (Cagayan Sulu I., Siasi I.). 

Herposiphonia secunda (C. Agardh) Ambronn 

Hutchinsia secunda C. Agardh, 1824:149 [type locality: Mediterranean 

Sea]. 

Herposiphonia secunda (C. Agardh) Ambronn, 1880:197. 

Herposiphonia tenella (C. Agardh) Ambronn f. secunda (C. Agardh) Hollenberg, 1968c:556.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. MINDANAO: Surigao. 

Herposiphonia secunda (C. Agardh) Ambronn 

f. tenella (C. Agardh) Wynne 

Hutchinsia tenella C. Agardh, 1828:105 [type locality: Sicily]. 

Herposiphonia tenella (C. Agardh) Ambronn, 1880:197.—Hollenberg, 

1968c:555.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:181, pi. 3: fig. 22.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:149.—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:26.— 

Chan, 1981:387, 389.—Fortes, 198lb:396.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:382.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:50, pi. X: fig. 4. 

Herposiphonia secunda (C. Agardh) Ambronn f. tenella (C. Agardh) Wynne, 

1985a: 173. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Cavite, 

Batangas. CENTRAL VISAYAS. PALAWAN (Balabac I.), SULU: 

Sulu (Siasi I.). 

NOTE.—Hollenberg (1968c:556) reduced Herposiphonia 

secunda to the rank of a form of Herposiphonia tenella. 

Because Hutchinsia secunda C. Agardh (1824:149), the basionym of Herposiphonia secunda, is older than Hutchinsia 

tenella C. Agardh (1828:105), the basionym of Herposiphonia tenella, the relationship of the two taxa must be 

reversed. 

Herposiphonia subdisticha Okamura 

Herposiphonia subdisticha Okamura, 1899a:37, pi. 1: figs. 12-14 [syntype 

localities: Enoshima, Kanagawa Prefecture and "Boshu" (Chiba Prefecture), Japan].—Cordero, 1976c:8, 10; 1977a:202, figs. 218, 219; 

1978a:53; 1984a:106. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte. 

Herposiphonia trichia Hollenberg 

Herposiphonia trichia Hollenberg, 1968c:557, fig. 1G [type locality: Yap I. 

Caroline Is.].—Fortes and Trono, 1980:66. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. 

Herposiphonia plumula (J. Agardh) Falkenberg 

Polysiphonia plumula J. Agardh, 1885:99 [type locality: Santa Barbara, 

California, USA]. 

Herposiphonia plumula (J. Agardh) Falkenberg, 1901:728.—MarcosAgngarayngay, 1984a:60, fig. 51 [miscited fig. 53]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Laurencia Lamouroux 

Laurencia brongniartii J. Agardh 

Laurencia brongniartii J. Agardh, 1841:20 [type locality: Martinique].— 

Cordero, 1977a:204, pi. XXVH:A.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:145; 

1984:180.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:55, fig. 45; 1984b: 129. 

Laurencia concinna Montagne, 1842a:6 [type locality: Toud I. [Warrior 
NUMBER 27 65 

Islet], Torres Strait, Australia].—Dickie, 1876a:245.—Weber-van 

Bosse, 1923:346.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:151. 

Laurenciagrevilleana Harvey, 1855:545 [type locality: Rottnest I., Western 

Australia, Australia].—Tahil, 1978:52.—Guzman, 1981:44. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, CEBU (Mactan I.). MINDANAO: Zamboanga. SULU: Sulu 

(North Ubian I., Tongquil I.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Saito and Womersley 1974:839). 

Laurencia capituliformis Yamada 

Laurencia capituliformis Yamada, 193lb:217, pi. 14 [type locality: Oshima, 

Aomori Prefecture, Japan].—Cordero, 1977a:205. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SIQUIJOR. 

Laurencia caraibica P.C. Silva 

Laurencia nana Howe, 1920:566 [type locality: Mariguana (Mayaguana) 

I., Bahama Is.] [replaced name].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

Laurencia caraibica P.C. Silva, 1972:205. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

NOTE.—Laurencia caraibica is a substitute name for L. 

nana Howe, a later homonym of L. nana (C. Agardh) 

Greville (1830:lii). 

Laurencia carolinensis Saito 

Laurencia carolinensis Saito, 1969:154, figs. 6, 7 [type locality: Helen Reef, 

Caroline Is.].—Cordero, 1977a:205. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN. 

Laurencia cartilaginea Yamada 

Laurencia cartilaginea Yamada, 1931b:230, fig. O, pi. 19: fig. a [syntype 

localities: Chikuzen and Iyo provinces (Fukuoka and Ehime prefectures), 

Japan].—Mefiez, 1961:76.—Saito, 1968:89; 1969:154.—Velasquez, 

1971:453, fig. 38.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:181, 182, 183.— 

Kraft, 1972:332.—Reyes, 1972:159.—Trono, 1972a:88; 1973d:22,pl. 

11: fig. 11.—Trono and Bina, 1973:11.—Velasquez et al., 1973:32, pi. 

14: fig. 68.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:187.—Trono, 1974b:97; 

1974e:18.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:151.—Cordero, 

1977a:206, fig. 221; 1978a:57.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:42.—Liao 

and Sotto, 1980:99.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:75.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:101, fig. [s.n].—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.—Trono 

andDe Lara, 1981:21, pi. XII: fig. 1. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan, Bataan, Batangas, Quezon, MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. SIQUIJOR. SAMAR: 

Western Samar. LEYTE (incl. Biliran I.), PANAY: Iloilo. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. CEBU (Mactan I.). MINDANAO: Zamboanga (Sacol I.), Surigao. PALAWAN (incl. Cuyo I.), SULU: 

Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

Laurencia ceylanica J. Agardh 

Laurencia ceylanica J. Agardh, 1876:660 [type locality: Sri Lanka].— 

Mefiez, 1961:76.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:151. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Laurencia chondrioides B</>rgesen 

Laurencia chondrioides B^rgesen, 1918:252, figs. 243-246 [type locality: 

St. Jan (St. John), Virgin Is.].—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 1974:112 

(table I). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Laurencia clavata Sonder 

Laurencia clavata Sonder, 1853:694 [type locality: Lefevre Peninsula, 

South Australia, Australia].—Weber-van Bosse, 1923:346.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:151. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (Tongquil I.). 

Laurencia columellaris B</>rgesen 

Laurencia columellaris B^rgesen, 1945:53, figs. 28-30 [type locality: Reunion].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Laurencia composita Yamada 

Laurencia composita Yamada, 1931b:236, figs. R, s, pi. 23 [syntype localities: Enoshima (Kanagawa Prefecture) and Mera (Chiba Prefecture), 

Japan].—Cordero, 1977a:206, pi. XXVIILA.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 

1984a:55, fig. 46; 1984b:130. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. PALAWAN. 

Laurencia corallopsis (Montagne) Howe 

Sphaerococcus corallopsis Montagne, 1842c:49, pi. Ill: fig. 1 [type locality: 

La Habana, Cuba].—Martens, 1868:31, 96-97.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:151. 

Laurencia corallopsis (Montagne) Howe, 1918:519.—Cordero, 1977a:208, 

fig. 222; 1978a:57. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Laurencia decumbens Kutzing 

Laurencia decumbens Kutzing, 1863:18 [type locality: New Caledonia].— 

Cordero, 1977a:208. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SAMAR: Western Samar. 
66 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Laurencia distichophylla J. Agardh 

Laurencia distichophylla J. Agardh, 1852 [ 1851-1863]:762 [type locality: 

"in oceano australi?"].—Menez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Laurencia forsteri (Mertens ex Turner) Greville 

Fucus forsteri Mertens ex Turner, 1809:15, pi. 77 [lectotype locality: 

Australia (probably King George Sound, Western Australia) fide Saito 

and Womersley, 1974:824]. 

Laurencia forsteri (Mertens ex Turner) Greville, 1830:lii.—Cordero, 

1977a:208. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Laurencia glandulifera (Kutzing) Kutzing 

Chondria glandulifera Kutzing, 1845:329 [type locality: Trieste, Italy]. 

Laurencia glandulifera (Kutzing) Kutzing, 1849:855.—Westernhagen, 

1973a:65; 1974:112 (table I).—Cordero, 1977a:209, fig. 223, pi. 

XXVII :D; 1984a: 107.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984b: 130.—Tungpalan, 1984:141. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, CEBU 

(Mactan I.), SULU. 

Laurencia implicata J. Agardh 

Laurencia implicata J. Agardh, 1852 [1852-1863]:745 [type locality: St. 

Croix, Virgin Is.]. 

Chondria intricata Montagne, 1842c:41 [type locality: Cuba]. 

Laurencia intricata (Montagne) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, 1852 [1852-

1863]:750 [footnote].—Cordero, 1976c:8; 1977a:210, figs. 225, 226; 

1978a:58.—Trono and Ang, 1982:25. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. PALAWAN (Bugsuk 

I.). 

NOTE.—Th e name Laurencia intricata Lamouroux has 

been applied to this species, but it is not correct. Lamouroux 

(1813:131, pi. 9: figs. 8, 9) failed to provide a description, 

as did C. Agardh (1817:xvm) when transferring the species 

to Chondria. The first description was provided by Montagne under the name Chondria intricata. The species was 

returned to Laurencia by J. Agardh, but the resulting binomial is a later homonym of L. intricata Suhr (1840:265). 

The conspecificity of L. implicata]. Agardh and L. intricata 

(Montagne) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh was proposed by 

Howe (1918:518). 

Laurencia intermedia Yamada 

Laurencia intermedia Yamada, 1931b: 191, pi. 1: fig. c; pi. 2 [type locality: 

Enoshima, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan].—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 

1974:112 (table I).—Cordero, 1977a:209, fig. 224; 1978a:57.—Guzman, 1981:42, 46, 47, 48.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:145.—Cordero, 

1984a: 107.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:180.—Tungpalan, 1984:141. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Laurencia japonica Yamada 

Laurencia japonica Yamada, 1931b:211, fig. L, pi. 11 [syntype localities: 

Amatsu and Emi, Chiba Prefecture, Japan].—Mefiez, 1961:77.—Saito, 

1968:86; 1969:152.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:151.—Trono 

and Ang, 1982:25. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Quezon. PALAWAN (incl. Bugsuk I.). 

Laurencia majuscula (Harvey) Lucas 

Laurencia obtusa (Hudson) Lamouroux var. majuscula Harvey, 1863: xxvi 

[syntype localities: Rottnest I., Western Australia and Cape Shank, Bass 

Strait, Australia]. 

Laurencia majuscula (Harvey) Lucas, 1935:223.—Saito, 1968:84; 

1969:149.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:151.—Cordero, 

1977a:210, fig. 227.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:42. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan, Albay. LEYTE (incl. Biliran I.), SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN. 

Laurencia mariannensis Yamada 

Laurencia mariannensis Yamada, 1931b:200, figs. F, G, pi. 5: fig. b [type 

locality: Saipan, Mariana Is.].—Saito, 1969:151.—Trono and Bina, 

1973:11.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:151.—Saraya and 

Trono, 1982:52. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Laurencia nidificaj. Agardh 

Laurencia nidifica ]. Agardh, 1852[1852-1863]:749 [type locality: Hawaiian Is.].—Cordero, 1977a:211, fig. 228. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Bataan. 

Laurencia obtusa (Hudson) Lamouroux 

Fucus obtusus Hudson, 1778:586 [syntype localities: Hastings, Sussex and 

Devonshire, England]. 

Laurencia obtusa (Hudson) Lamouroux, 1813:130.—Montagne, 

1844a:662.—Martens, 1868:100-101.—Dickie, 1874a: 192. —Cantoria, Velasquez, and Valenzuela, 1951:296, footnote.—Mefiez, 

1961:76.—Saito, 1968:84 [var. obtusa]; 1969:150 [var. obtusa].—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:151.—Cordero, 1977a:211, fig. 229; 1977a:213 [var. obtusa]; 

1978a:58; 1979b:294; 1980b:64, pi. 42 [var. obtusa].— Trono and 

Fortes, 1980:75.—Fortes, 198 lb:396.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:22.— 

Menez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Cordero, 1982a: fig. 14.—Saraya 

and Trono, 1982:53.—Trono and Ang, 1982:25.—Trono and Fortes, 

1982:154.—Cordero, 1984a: 107 [var. obtusa]; 1984c:55. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan, Albay. MASBATE. PANAY: Aklan. CEBU 

(Mactan I.). PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). 
NUMBER 27 67 

Laurencia obtusa (Hudson) Lamouroux 

var. dendroidea (J. Agardh) Yamada 

Laurencia dendroidea J. Agardh 1852 [1852-1863]:753 [type locality: 

Brazil].—Weber-van Bosse, 1923:343.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:151. 

Laurencia obtusa (Hudson) Lamouroux var. dendroidea (J. Agardh) Yamada, 193 lb:224.—Saito, 1968:84; 1969:150. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO, SULU: Sulu 

(North Ubian I.). 

Laurencia obtusa (Hudson) Lamouroux var. densa 

Yamada 

Laurencia obtusa (Hudson) Lamouroux var. densa Yamada, 1931b: 226 

[type locality: Daibanratsu, Taiwan].—Cordero, 1977a:213. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SIQUIJOR. 

Laurencia obtusa (Hudson) Lamouroux 

var. snackeyi (Weber-van Bosse) Yamada 

Laurencia paniculata (C. Agardh) J. Agardh var. snackeyi Weber-van Bosse, 

1923:342 [type locality: Semau I., Indonesia]. 

Laurencia obtusa (Hudson) Lamouroux var. snackeyi (Weber-van Bosse) 

Yamada, 193 lb:225.—Saito, 1968:85; 1969:151. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO. 

Laurencia okamurae Yamada 

Laurencia okamurae Yamada, 1931b:206, figs. J, K, pi. 7 ["okamurai"] 

[syntype localities: various, in Japan and China].—Galutira and Velasquez, 1964:509, pi. 5: fig. 17; pi. 9: fig. 36.—Velasquez, 1972:63.— 

Cordero, 1977a:213, fig. 231; 1979b:294.—Velasquez, 1979b:230.— 

Trono and Fortes, 1980:75.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:23.—Guzman, 

1981:43, 49.—Cordero, 1982a:60.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:154.— 

Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984b: 130.—Tungpalan, 1984:141. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Quezon, PANAY: Aklan. 

Laurencia palisada Yamada 

Laurencia palisada Yamada, 193lb: 196, figs. C, D, pi. 4: fig. o [syntype 

localities: Kotosho (Hung-t'ou) and Takao, Taiwan].—Cordero, 

1977a:214, fig. 232, pi. XXVII:C,E ; 1978a:59. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. SIQUIJOR. 

Laurencia papulosa (C. Agardh) Greville 

Fucus papillosus Forsskal, 1775:190 [type locality: Mokha, Yemen]. 

Chondria papulosa C. Agardh, 1822a:344. 

Laurencia papulosa (C. Agardh) Greville, 1830:lii.—Montagne, 

1844a:662.—Bailey and Harvey, 1862:713.—Martens, 1868:100-

101.—Dickie, 1876a:244.—Quisumbing, 1951:1011.—Zaneveld, 

1956:44; 1959:123.—Domantay, 1962:292.—Galutira and Velasquez, 

1964:509, pi. 5: fig. 16; pi. 9: fig. 35a,b.—Saito, 1968:92.—Villones 

and Magdamo, 1968:29, fig. 31.—Saito, 1969:158.—Velasquez, 

1971:449, fig. 37.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:172.—Kraft, 

1972:328.—Reyes, 1972:159.—Trono, 1972a: 107.—Velasquez, 

1972:63.—Cordero, 1973b:33.—Bersamin et al., 1973:187.—Trono, 

1973d:21,pl. 11: fig. 9—Tron o and Bina, 1973:12.—Velasquez et al., 

1973:32, pi. 14: fig. 69.—Westernhagen, 1973a:65.—De Leon, 

1974:31, 32 photo [s.n.], fig. [s.n.].—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 

1974:187.—Trono, 1974b:96; 1974e: 18.—Westernhagen, 1974:112 

(table 1).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:151.—Cordero, 

1976c: 10; 1977a:215, figs. 233-235; 1978a:58; 1979b:276.—Velasquez, 1979b:230.—Cordero, 1980b:64, fig. 25, pi. 43.—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:100.—Reyes, 1980:139, pi. 12: fig. 4a,b. —Tron o and Fortes, 

1980:74.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:103, fig. [s.n.].—GanzonFortes, 1981:23.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Trono and 

De Lara, 1981:21, pi. XII: fig. 2.—Calumpong, 1982:145.— 

Cordero, 1982a:60.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:51.—Trono and Fortes, 

1982:154—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:145.—Cordero, 1984a:107; 

1984b:67; 1984c:56.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:180—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:57, fig. 47; 1984b: 130.—Tungpalan, 1984:141. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Batangas, Quezon, Albay. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MASBATE. SAMAR: Western Samar, Eastern 

Samar. LEYTE (incl. Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan, Antique (incl. 

Panagatan Cays), NEGROS: Negros Occidental (incl. Ilacaon 

I.), Negros Oriental (incl. Apo I.), CEBU (incl. Mactan I.). 

SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga (incl. Sacol I.), Surigao 

del Sur. PALAWAN (incl. Cuyo I.), SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), 

Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Fucus papillosus Forsskal, the intended basionym 

of Laurencia papulosa, is a later homonym of F. papillosus 

S.G. Gmelin (1768:188) and hence not priorable. Chondria 

papulosa C. Agardh is treated as a nomen novum in accordance with Article 72, Note 1, of the ICBN. 

Laurencia parvipapillata Tseng 

Laurencia parvipapillata Tseng, 1943:204, pi. IV [type locality: Cape 

d'Aguilar, Hong Kong].—Saito, 1968:93; 1969:159.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:151.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.— 

Saraya and Trono, 1982:52, pi. XI: fig. 2. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. CENTRAL VISAYAS. PALAWAN. 

Laurencia patentiramea (Montagne) Kutzing 

Chondria obtusa (Hudson) C. Agardh var. patentiramea Montagne, 

1836:322, pi. 18: fig. 3 [type locality: Meze, Herault, France]. 

Laurencia patentiramea (Montagne) Kutzing, 1849:854. 

Chondria obtusa (Hudson) C. Agardh var. paniculata C. Agardh, 

1822a:343 [type locality: Adriatic Sea]. 

Laurencia paniculata (C. Agardh) J. Agardh, 1852 [1852-1863]:755. 

Cordero, 1977a:214, fig. 230; 1979b:294.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:382.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:52.—Trono and Ang, 1982:24. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. CENTRAL VISAYAS. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. PALAWAN 

(incl. Bugsuk I.), SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 
68 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Laurencia patentiramea and 

L. paniculata was proposed by Ardissone (1883:329). As a 

species, L. patentiramea dates from 1843, as Chondria patentiramea (Montagne) Kutzing (1843b:437), while L. paniculata dates from 1852. Moreover, L. paniculata (C. Agardh) 

J. Agardh is a later homonym of L. paniculata Kutzing 

(1849:855). 

Laurencia tropica Yamada 

Laurencia tropica Yamada, I931b:233, figs. B, Q, pi. 20 [type locality: 

Saipan, Mariana Is.].—Cordero, I977a:2l7, fig. 237.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984b: 130. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, SIQUIJOR. 

Laurencia pinnata Yamada 

Laurencia pinnata Yamada, 1931b:242, pi. 28 [type locality: Enoshima 

(Kanagawa Prefecture), Japan].—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:186, 

187.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:151.—Cordero, 1976c: 10; 

1977a:217, fig. 236, pi. XXVILB.—Cordero , 1978a:59 [L. pinnata 

prox.].—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:145. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Batangas. 

NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Laurencia poiteaui (Lamouroux) Howe 

Fucus poiteaui Lamouroux, 1805:63, pi. XXXI: figs. 2, 3 [" poitei" ][iype 

locality: Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic]. 

Laurencia poiteaui (Lamouroux) Howe, 1918:518 ["poitei"].—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 1974:112 (table I). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

NOTE.—Lamouroux, in naming this species after its collector, Pierre Antoine Poiteau, incorrectly spelled the epithet poitei. This spelling is automatically correctable in accordance with Article 73.1 of the ICBN. 

Laurencia subsimplex Tseng 

Laurencia subsimplex Tseng, 1943:202, pi. Ill: figs. 4-6 [type locality: Big 

Wave Bay, Hong Kong].—Saito, 1968:87; 1969:153.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:151. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CATANDUANES. 

Laurencia surculigera Tseng 

Laurencia surculigera Tseng, 1943:192, pi. I: figs. 4, 5 [type locality: 

Stanley Bay, Hong Kong].—Fortes and Trono, 1980:67.—Fortes, 

1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

*Laurencia tronoi Ganzon-Fortes 

Laurencia tronoi Ganzon-Fortes, 1983:404, figs. 1, 2 [type locality: Batangas Prov., Luzon].—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:105, fig. [s.n.] 

[Laurencia sp.].—Ganzon-Fortes and Trono, 1982:27, figs. 1, 2 [Laurencia sp.]. 

Laurencia undulata Yamada 

Laurencia undulata Yamada, 1931b:243, fig. T, pi. 29: fig. a [type locality: 

Enoshima, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan].—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 

1974:112 (table I).—Cordero, 1977a:219, figs. 238, 239; 1978a:59 [L. 

undulata prox.].—Tahil, 1978:52.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:42.—Cordero, 1980b:65, pi. 44; 1984a: 108; 1984c:56. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Quezon, MASBATE. LEYTE (Biliran I.), CEBU (Mactan 

I.). SIQUIJOR. 

Laurencia venusta Yamada 

Laurencia venusta Yamada, 1931b:203, fig. H, pi. 6: fig. a [syntype localities: Koshiki-jima (Kagoshima Prefecture) and Goto (Nagasaki Prefecture), Japan].—Saraya and Trono, 1982:53. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Laurencia yamadana Howe 

Laurencia yamadana Howe. 1934:37, fig. 4 [type locality: Kaneohe Bay, 

Oahu, Hawaiian Is.].—Trono, 1973d:22. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Leveillea Decaisne 

Leveillea jungermannioides (Hering and Martens) 

Harvey 

Amansia jungermannioides Hering and Martens in Martens and Hering, 

1836:485, figs. 1-4 [type locality: Tor, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt]. 

Polyzonia jungermannioides (Hering and Martens) J. Agardh, 1841:25.— 

Piccone, 1886:84, 90.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:161. 

Leveillea jungermannioides (Hering and Martens) Harvey, 1855:539 ["Leveillia"].—Menez, 1961:75.—Reyes, 1972:159.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:181, pi. 5: fig. 38.—Trono and Bina, 1973:12.—Trono, 

1973d:21.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:151.—Cordero, 

1976c:9; 1977a:221, fig. 244; 1978a:53.—Trono, 1978:20.—Trono 

and Tuason, 1978:16.—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:28, fig. 40.—Fortes 

and Trono, 1980:65.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:100.—Reyes, 1980:140, 

pi. 13: fig. 1.—Chan, 1981:387, 389.—Fortes, 1981b:396.—Mefiez 

and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:53, pi. XI: fig. 

L—Trono and Ang, 1982:22.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:58, fig. 

49. 

Leveillea gracilis Decaisne, 1839:376 [type locality: Sri Lanka].—Martens, 

1868:102-103.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:151. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasi-
NUMBER 27 69 

nan, Manila, Cavite, Batangas. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: 

Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. MASBATE (Ticao I.), SAMAR: Western Samar. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. PALAWAN (incl. 

Bugsuk I.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Falkenberg 

(1901:392). 

Polysiphonia Greville 

Polysiphonia apiculata Hollenberg 

Polysiphonia apiculata Hollenberg, 1968a:61, figs. ID, 8, 9 [including 

Philippine record] [type locality: Pokai Bay, Oahu, Hawaiian Is.].— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:160. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN (Balabac I.). 

Lophocladia (J. Agardh) Schmitz 

Lophocladia lallemandii (Montagne) Schmitz 

Dasya lallemandii Montagne, 1849:289 ("lallemandi"] [type locality: Red 

Sea]. 

Lophocladia lallemandii (Montagne) Schmitz, 1893:223 ["lallemandi"].— 

Weber-van Bosse, 1923:362.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:152. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Pearl 

Bank). 

Lophosiphonia Falkenberg 

Lophosiphonia cristata Falkenberg 

Lophosiphonia cristata Falkenberg, 1901:499, pi. 9: figs. 7-10 [type locality: 

Napoli, Italy].—Hollenberg, 1968d:80.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:152. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CATANDUANES. 

Murrayella Schmitz 

Murrayella periclados (C. Agardh) Schmitz 

Hutchinsia periclados C. Agardh, 1828:101 [type locality: St. Croix, Virgin 

Is.]. 

Murrayella periclados (C. Agardh) Schmitz, 1893:227.—Fortes and Trono, 

1980:67, fig. 15.—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Neurymenia J. Agardh 

Neurymenia fraxinifolia (Mertens ex Turner) J. Agardh 

Fucus fraxinifolius Mertens ex Turner, 1811:140, pi. 193 [type locality: 

"East Indies"]. 

Neurymenia fraxinifolia (Mertens ex Turner) J. Agardh, 1863 [1852-

1863J.1135.—Dickie, 1876a:245.—Trono, 1973a: 139, fig. 20.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:156.—Cordero, 1976c: 10; 1977a:222, 

figs. 242, 245; 1978a:55.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:54. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan, Sorsogon. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Polysiphonia beaudettei Hollenberg 

Polysiphonia beaudetti Hollenberg in Hollenberg and Dawson, 1961:348, 

pi. 1: fig. 4 [type locality: Isla Grande, Guerrero, Mexico].—Hollenberg, 

1968a:62.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:160. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi (Turtle Is.). 

Polysiphonia ferulacea Suhr ex J. Agardh 

Polysiphonia ferulacea Suhr ex J. Agardh, 1863 [1852-1863]:980 [syntype 

localities: Atlantic Mexico; Guadeloupe; Australia; Marquesas Is.; Hawaiian Is.].—Weber-van Bosse, 1923:357.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:160.—Trono and Ang, 1982:23. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.), SULU: 

Sulu (Jolo I.). 

Polysiphonia flabellulata Harvey 

Polysiphonia flabellulata Harvey, 1860a:330 [type locality: Tanega-shima, 

Osumi-gunto, Japan].—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:29. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Rizal. 

Polysiphonia forf ex Harvey 

Polysiphonia for cipata Harvey, 1855:541 [lectotype locality: Rottnest I., 

Western Australia, Australia fide Womersley, 1979:495] [replaced 

name].—Cordero, 1977a:223. 

Polysiphonia forf ex Harvey, 1859: pi. XCVI. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

NOTE.—Polysiphonia forfex is a substitute name for P. 

forcipata Harvey, a later homonym of P. forcipata]. Agardh 

(1842:127). 

Polysiphonia fragilis Suringar 

Polysiphonia fragilis Suringar, 1867:259 [type locality: "in mari Japonico"].—Cordero, 1978a:50. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Polysiphonia gorgoniae Harvey 

Polysiphonia gorgoniae Harvey, 1853:39 [type locality: Key West, Florida, 

USA].—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:173, 180, pi. 5: figs. 37, 37a, 

376.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:161. 
70 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. 

Polysiphonia hawaiiensis Hollenberg 

Polysiphonia hawaiiensis Hollenberg, 1968a:66, figs. 2F, 16, 41 [including 

Philippine record] [type locality: Waikiki, Oahu, Hawaiian Is.].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:161. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN (Balabac I.), SULU: 

Tawitawi. 

Polysiphonia howei Hollenberg 

Polysiphonia howei Hollenberg in W.R. Taylor, 1945:302, fig. 3 [type 

locality: Whale Cay, Berry Is., Bahama Is.].—Hollenberg, 1968b:203.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:161.—Cordero, 1976c: 10; 

1977a:224, fig. 243; 1978a:50. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDANAO: Davao. 

Polysiphonia mollis J. Hooker and Harvey 

Polysiphonia mollis J. Hooker and Harvey in Harvey, 1847 [1847-

1849]:43 [type locality: Tasmania, Australia].—Weber-van Bosse, 

1923:356 [with query].—Hollenberg, 1968a:69.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:161.—Cordero, 1977a:226, figs. 246-249; 

1978a:51.—Mefiez, Phillips, and Calumpong, 1983:23.—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1984:105. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte. PALAWAN, SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.). 

Polysiphonia mollis J. Hooker and Harvey 

var. tongatensis 

(Harvey ex Kutzing) Hollenberg 

Polysiphonia tongatensis Harvey ex Kutzing, 1864:14, pi. 41: figs, a-d [type 

locality: Tonga]. 

Polysiphonia mollis J. Hooker and Harvey var. tongatensis (Harvey ex 

Kutzing) Hollenberg, 1968a:69 [including Philippine record]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Polysiphonia pacifica Hollenberg 

Polysiphonia pacifica Hollenberg, 1942:777, figs. 2, 3, 12, 13 [type locality: 

Santa Cruz, California, USA].—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Polysiphonia pacifica Hollenberg var. delicatula 

Hollenberg 

Polysiphonia pacifica Hollenberg var. delicatula Hollenberg, 1942:778 

[type locality: Monterey, California, USA].—Fortes and Trono, 

1980:67. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SAMAR: Eastern Samar 

(Manicani I.). 

Polysiphonia poko Hollenberg 

Polysiphonia poko Hollenberg, 1968a:70, fig. 3A [type locality: Johnson 

Atoll].—Chan, 1981:387. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Polysiphonia savatieri Hariot 

Polysiphonia savatieri Hariot, 1891:226 [type locality: Yokosuka, Kanagawa 

Prefecture, Japan].—Hollenberg, 1968a:77.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:161.—Chan, 1981:387, 389.—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDANAO: Surigao. PALAWAN (Balabac I.), SULU: Sulu (Cagayan 

Sulu I., Siasi I.). 

Polysiphonia scopulorum Harvey 

Polysiphonia scopulorum Harvey, 1855:540 [type locality: Rottnest I., Western Australia, Australia].—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Polysiphonia scopulorum Harvey var. villum (J. Agardh) 

Hollenberg 

Polysiphonia villum]. Agardh, 1863 [1852-1863]:941 [type locality: "ad 

littus Americae tropicae" (Mexico)]. 

Polysiphonia scopulorum Harvey var. villum (J. Agardh) Hollenberg, 

1968a:81 [including Philippine record].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:161 [without designation of variety].—Fortes and Trono, 

1980:68. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SAMAR: Eastern Samar 

(Manicani I.). MINDANAO: Davao. 

Polysiphonia setacea Hollenberg 

Polysiphonia setacea Hollenberg, 1968a:85, figs. 5A-C [including Philippine 

record] [type locality: Koko Head, Oahu, Hawaiian Is.].—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:161.—Cordero, 1977a:226, fig. 253. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDANAO: Surigao, Davao. 

Polysiphonia sparsa (Setchell) Hollenberg 

Lophosiphonia sparsa Setchell, 1926:103, pi. 21: figs. 3, 4 [type locality: 

Arue Reef, Tahiti]. 

Polysiphonia sparsa (Setchell) Hollenberg, 1968a:87 [including Philippine 

record].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:161. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN (Balabac I.), SULU: 

Tawitawi. 

Polysiphonia sphaerocarpa B0rgesen 

Polysiphonia sphaerocarpa B0rgesen, 1918:271, figs. 267-271 [type locality: St. Thomas, Virgin Is.].—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:180, pi. 5: 
NUMBER 27 71 

figs. 36, 36a,6.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:161.—Chan, 

1981:387. 

Tolypiocladia Schmitz 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batan- Tolypiocladia calodictyon (Harvey ex Kutzing) P.C. Silva 

gas. 

Polysiphonia subtilissima Montagne 

Polysiphonia subtilissima Montagne, 1840:199 [type locality: Cayenne, 

French Guiana].—Cordero, 1977a:226, figs. 250, 251.—Vannajan and 

Trono, 1978:28, fig. 35.—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Rizal, Manila, Cavite, Batangas. 

Polysiphonia tepida Hollenberg 

Polysiphonia tepida Hollenberg, 1958:65, fig. 1 [type locality: Beaufort, 

North Carolina, USA].—Cordero, 1977a:227, figs. 252, 254; 1978a:51. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Polysiphonia triton P.C. Silva, new name 

Polysiphonia tenuis Hollenberg, 1968a:92, figs. 6B,C [type locality: Johnson 

Atoll] [replaced name],—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

NOTE.—Polysiphonia triton is proposed as a substitute 

name for P. tenuis Hollenberg, a later homonym of P. tenuis 

(C. Agardh) E.M. Fries (1836[1835-1837]:314). 

Polysiphonia tsudana Hollenberg 

Polysiphonia tsudana Hollenberg, 1968b:205, figs. 1F,G, 2C [type locality: 

Laysan Islet, Leeward Is., Hawaiian Is.].—Fortes and Trono, 1980:68, 

fig. 10.—Fortes, 198 lb: 396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PANAY: Iloilo. 

Polysiphonia upolensis Grunow 

Polysiphonia upolensis Grunow, 1874:49 [type locality: Upolu I., Western 

Samoa].—Hollenberg, 1968a:94.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:161.—Cordero, 1977a:227, figs. 255-257; 1978a:51.—Chan, 

1981:387.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Saraya and Trono, 

1982:51, pi. XI: fig. 3. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Pangasinan. CENTRAL VISAYAS. MINDANAO: Davao. PALAWAN (Balabac I.). SULU: Tawitawi (Turtle Is.). 

NOTE.—Grunow published this species as Polysiphonia 

(tongatensis var.?) upolensis, which was his way of indicating 

some doubt that the new entity should be recognized at 

specific rank. Nonetheless, the binomial should be attributed directly to Grunow rather than to (Grunow) Hollenberg (1968a:94). 

Polysiphonia calodictyon Harvey ex Kutzing, 1864:16, pi. 46: figs, a-c [type 

locality: Tonga]. 

Tolypiocladia calodictyon (Harvey ex Kutzing) P.C. Silva, 1952a:308.— 

Trono, 1972a: 106; 1973a: 137, fig. 17.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 

1980:107, fig. [s.n.].—Fortes, 198 lb:396.—Saraya and Trono, 

1982:54, pi. XI: fig. 4.—Trono and Ang, 1982:23. 

Roschera africana Sonder, 1879:81, pi. I: figs. 5-11 [including Philippine 

record] [type locality: Zanzibar, Tanzania]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas, Sorsogon. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.), SULU: Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Roschera africana is included as a synonym on 

the authority of Weber-van Bosse (1923:359). 

*Tolypiocladia condensata (Weber-van Bosse) P.C. Silva 

Roschera condensata Weber-van Bosse, 1913a: pi. V: fig. 3; 1923:359 

[syntype localities: various in Indonesia; Sangasiapu I., Tawitawi Prov., 

Sulu Archipelago].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:162. 

Tolypiocladia condensata (Weber-van Bosse) P.C. Silva, 1952a:308.—Domantay, 1962:294.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:165.—Trono 

and Ang, 1982:24. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.), SULU: Tawitawi (Sangasiapu I.). 

Tolypiocladia glomerulata (C. Agardh) Schmitz 

Hutchinsia glomerulata C. Agardh, 1824:158 [type locality: Shark Bay, 

Western Australia, Australia]. 

Tolypiocladia glomerulata (C. Agardh) Schmitz in Schmitz and Hauptfleisch, 1897 [1896-1897]:442.—De Toni, 1903:964.—Cornejo and 

Velasquez, 1972:182, pi. 3: fig. 24.—Trono, 1973a:137; 1973d:21; 

1974b:95.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:165.—Cordero, 

1977a:229.—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:26, fig. 39.—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:100—Reyes, 1980:140, pi. 13, fig. 2a-c—Chan, 1981:387.— 

Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:20, pi. 

XII: fig. 3.—Saraya and Trono, 1982:54.—Trono and Ang, 1982:23.— 

Mefiez, Phillips, and Calumpong, 1983:18. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Cavite, Batangas. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro 

(Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. 

NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Davao. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.), SULU: 

Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Vidalia Lamouroux ex J. Agardh 

Vidalia obtusiloba (C. Agardh) J. Agardh 

Rytiphlaea obtusiloba C. Agardh, 1824:161 [type locality: Brazil]. 

Vidalia obtusiloba (C. Agardh) J. Agardh, 1863 [1852-1863]:! 123. 

Cordero, 1976c:8, 10; 1977a:230, fig. 260; 1978a:54. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 
72 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

FAMILIA INCERTAE SEDIS 

Family WURDEMANNIACEAE 

Wurdemannia Harvey 

Wurdemannia miniata (Sprengel) Feldmann and Hamel 

Fucus miniatus Draparnaud ex De Candolle, 1815:6 [type locality: Montpellier, Herault, France]. 

Sphaerococcus miniatus Sprengel, 1827:340. 

Wurdemannia miniata (Sprengel) Feldmann and Hamel, 1934:544.—Domantay, 1962:294.—Cordero, 1976c:8; 1977a:77; 1978a:24.—Menez 

and Calumpong, 1981:381. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

NOTE.—Fucus miniatus Draparnaud ex De Candolle, the 

intended basionym of Wurdemannia miniata, is a later homonym ofF. miniatus O.F. Miiller (1778:7, pi. 769) and hence 

not priorable. Sphaerococcus miniatus Sprengel is treated as 

a nomen novum in accordance with Article 72, Note 1, of 

the ICBN. 
Class PHAEOPHYCEAE 

Order ECTOCARPALES 

Family ECTOCARPACEAE 

Feldmannia Hamel 

Feldmannia columellaris (B0rgesen) Islam 

Ectocarpus columellaris B#rgesen, 1936:71, fig. 4 [type locality: Galle, Sri 

Lanka].—Saraya and Trono, 1980:26. 

Feldmannia columellaris (B^rgesen) Islam, 1976:32. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Feldmannia formosana (Yamada) Itono 

Ectocarpus formosanus Yamada, 1950:182, fig. 3 [type locality: Ryukyusho (Lambai I.), Taiwan]. 

Feldmannia formosana (Yamada) Itono, 1973:162.—Cordero, 1981d:64, 

fig. 5 ["formosanus"]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PANAY: Aklan. 

Feldmannia indica (Sonder) Womersley and Bailey 

Ectocarpus indicus Sonder in Zollinger, 1854:2, 3, footnote [type locality: 

Bima Bay, Sumbawa I., Indonesia].—Agor, 1962:34.—Cornejo and 

Velasquez, 1972:175, pi. 1: figs. 11, 1 la.—Trono, 1972a:99.—Trono 

and Santos-Maranan, 1974a:2, fig. 1.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:141.—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:8, fig. 1.—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:97.—Reyes, 1980:119, pi. Lfigs. \a,b.— Chan, 1981:387,389.— 

Fortes, 1981b:396. 

Feldmannia indica (Sonder) Womersley and Bailey, 1970:288. 

Ectocarpus duchassaingianus Grunow, 1867:45, footnote, pi. IV: fig. 1 

[type locality: Guadeloupe]. 

Giffordia duchassaingiana (Grunow) W.R. Taylor, 1960:207, pi. 29: fig. 

10 ["duchassaigniana"].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Cavite, 

Batangas. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

SIQUIJOR. SULU: Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Womersley and 

Bailey (1970:288). 

Feldmannia irregularis (Kutzing) Hamel 

Ectocarpus irregularis Kutzing, 1845:234 [type locality: Adriatic Sea].— 

Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:175, pi. 1: fig. 10.—Trono and SantosMaranan, 1974a:2, fig. 2.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:141. 

Feldmannia irregularis (Kutzing) Hamel, 1939:xvn. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. MINDORO: 

Oriental Mindoro. 

Hincksia J.E. Gray 

The reason for adopting Hincksia for the genus currently 

known as Giffordia is given in the appended Nomenclatural 

Notes. 

Hincksia breviarticulata (J. Agardh) P.C. Silva, new 

combination 

Ectocarpus breviarticulatus J. Agardh, 1847:7 [type locality: "St. Augustin" 

(Oaxaca, Mexico)].—Reyes, 1980:119, pi. 1: figs. 2a,b. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SIQUIJOR. 

NOTE.—This species was assigned to Feldmannia by 

Pham-Hoang Ho (1969:298). As noted by Womersley and 

Bailey (1970:288), however, it does not have the long 

unbranched filaments with basal meristems that are characteristic of that genus. It seems best placed in Hincksia. 

Hincksia mitchelliae (Harvey) P.C. Silva, new 

combination 

Ectocarpus mitchelliae Harvey, 1852:142, pi. XII. ["mitchellae"] [type locality: Nantucket, Massachusetts, USA].—Trono and Santos-Maranan, 

1974a:3, fig. 3. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Hincksia rallsiae (Vickers) P.C. Silva, new combination 

Ectocarpus rallsiae Vickers, 1905:59 [type locality: Barbados]. 

Giffordia rallsiae (Vickers) W.R. Taylor, 1960:208.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Mefiez, Phillips, and Calumpong, 1983:23.—Mefiez 

and Calumpong, 1984:105. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. PALAWAN. 

Family RALFSIACEAE 

Ralfsia Berkeley 

Ralfsia fungiformis (Gunnerus) Setchell and Gardner 

Fucus fungiformis Gunnerus, 1772:107 [type locality: Iceland]. 

Ralfsia fungiformis (Gunnerus) Setchell and Gardner, 1924b: 11.—Agor, 

1962:34. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

73 
74 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Order CUTLERIALES 

Family CUTLERIACEAE 

Cutleria Greville 

Cutleria cylindrica Okamura 

Cutleria cylindrica Okamura, 1902 [1900-1902]:85, pi. XXVIII [type 

locality: various, all in Japan].—Agor, 1962:34. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Order SPHACELARIALES 

Family SPHACELARIACEAE 

Sphacelaria Lyngbye 

Sphacelaria mucifera 

Sphacelaria mucifera.—Velasquez, 1980:127. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

NOTE.—Velasquez did not give an author for this name 

and we have been unable to find its place of publication. 

Sphacelaria novae-hollandiae Sonder 

Sphacelaria novae-hollandiae Sonder, 1845:50 [type locality: Western Australia, Australia].—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Sphacelaria rigidula Kutzing 

Sphacelaria rigidula Kutzing, 1843b:292 [type locality: Red Sea].—Martens, 1868:23, 68-69.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:163. 

Sphacelaria furcigera Kutzing, 1855:27, pi. 90: fig. II [type locality: Karak 

(Khark) I., Iran].—Mefiez, 1961:59, pi. 9: figs. 103, 104; pi. 10: figs. 

105-108; pi. 12: figs. 126, 127.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:175, 

178, pi. 1: fig. 9; pi. 4: fig. 31.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:163.—Trono, 1976:214.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97.—Chan, 

1981:387.—Fortes, 1981b:396.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.— 

Menez, Phillips, and Calumpong, 1983:23.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1984:105. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas, Sorsogon. MINDORO. CEBU (Mactan I.). PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Prud'homme 

van Reine (1982:203). 

Sphacelaria tribuloides Meneghini 

Sphacelaria tribuloides Meneghini, 1840:[2] [type locality: Golfo di Spezia, 

Italy].—Mefiez, 1961:59, pi. 11: figs. 122-125.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:163.—Cordero, 1976c:9, 15, figs, E-I.—Liao and 

Sotto, 1980:97.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:26.—Chan, 1981:387.— 

Fortes, 1981b:396.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

Sphacelaria rigida Hering in Krauss, 1846:213 [type locality: "Natalbai" 

(Durban), South Africa].—Trono, 1978:9.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan. MARINDUQUE. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Prud'homme 

van Reine (1982:179). 

Order DICTYOTALES 

Family DICTYOTACEAE 

Dictyopteris Lamouroux 

*Dictyopteris camiguinensis Tanaka 

Dictyopteris camiguinensis Tanaka, 1967:16, fig. 5, pi. 1:A [type locality: 

San Pio Quinto, Camiguin I., Babuyan Is., Cagayan Prov., Luzon].— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:140. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Dictyopteris delicatula Lamouroux 

Dictyopteris delicatula Lamouroux, 1809b:332, pi. 6: fig. 2B [type locality: 

Antilles].—Weber-van Bosse, 1913a: 181.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:140.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. SULU: 

Tawitawi (Pearl Bank). 

Dictyopteris divaricata (Okamura) Okamura 

Haliseris divaricata Okamura, 1907 [1907-1909]:57, pi. XIII; pi. XIV: 

fig. 5 [syntype localities: Cape Iwai, Miyage Prefecture and Hakodate, 

Hokkaido, Japan]. 

Dictyopteris divaricata (Okamura) Okamura, 1932:75.—Cordero, 

1980c:71, fig. 2.—Fortes, 198lb:396.—Cordero, 1984a:83. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Dictyopteris jamaicensis W.R. Taylor 

Dictyopteris jamaicensis W.R. Taylor, 1960:631, pi. 32: fig. 2 [type locality: 

St. Catharine Parish, Jamaica].—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:9, fig. 3.— 

Saraya and Trono, 1980:27, pi. VII: figs. 1, 3.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Cavite. 

CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Dictyopteris polypodioides (De Candolle) Lamouroux 

Fucus membranaceus Stackhouse, 1795 [1795-1801]: 13, pi. 6 [type locality: 

Sidmouth, Devonshire, England]. 

Polypodoidea membranacea Stackhouse, 1809:97. 

Dictyopteris membranacea (Stackhouse) Batters, 1902:54.—Cordero, 

I984b:60. 

Fucus polypodioides Desfontaines, 1799 [ 1798-1799]:421 [type locality: 

"mare Numidico" (Algeria)]. 
NUMBER 27 75 

Ulva polypodioides De Candolle in Lamarck and De Candolle, 1805:15. 

Dictyopteris polypodioides (De Candolle) Lamouroux, 1809b:332. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Fucus membranaceus Stackhouse and Fucus polypodioides Desfontaines was proposed 

by Turner (1809:41). Both names are later homonyms, 

however, of F. membranaceus N.L. Burman (1768:32 [28 in 

error]) and F. polypodioides S.G. Gmelin (1768:186), respectively. A legitimate basionym was created for F. membranaceus by Stackhouse (1809) in transferring it into a new 

genus, Polypodoidea, but in the meantime a legitimate basionym had been created for F. polypodioides by De Candolle 

(in Lamarck and De Candolle, 1805), who transferred it 

into Ulva. Both Ulva polypodioides and Polypodoidea membranacea are treated as legitimate new names in accordance 

with Article 72, Example 2, of the ICBN. 

Dictyopteris repens (Okamura) B^rgesen 

Haliseris repens Okamura, 1916:8, fig. 3, pi. I: figs. 7-18 [type locality: 

Truk Is., Caroline Is.]. 

Dictyopteris repens (Okamura) Btfrgesen, 1924:265.—Trono, 1973a:129, 

fig. 3; 1974a: 146.—Cordero, 1976c:9, 10, 16, figs. L.M.—Trono, 

1978:9—Saraya and Trono, 1980:26, pi. VII: fig. 4.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:5, fig.4. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Sorsogon. MARINDUQUE. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Dictyopteris undulata Holmes 

Dictyopteris undulata Holmes, 1896:251, pi. VIII: fig. 1 [type locality: 

Misaki, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan].—Flores-Sian, 1959:97.—Domantay, 1962:282.—Manapat, 1969:37.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:140.—Cordero, 1976c: 18. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Dictyota Lamouroux 

Dictyota bartayresiana Lamouroux 

Dictyota bartayresiana Lamouroux, 1809a:43 [type locality: Antilles]. 

Dictyota bartayresii Lamouroux, 1809b:331.—Taylor, 1966b:354.—Westernhagen, 1973a:65.—Trono, 1974a: 143.—Westernhagen, 1974:113 

(table 1).—Trono, 1976:216.—Garcia, 1979:44 (table 1).—Liao and 

Sotto, 1980:97.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Sorsogon. MINDORO: 

Oriental Mindoro. CEBU (Mactan I.). MINDANAO. PALAWAN 

(Balabac I.). SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi (Turtle Is.). 

NOTE.—Lamouroux's change of epithet from bartayresiana to bartayresii was unwarranted. Collins and Hervey 

(1917:90, footnote) erred in believing that Lamouroux's 

paper in Desvaux's Journal de Botanique appeared after his 

paper in the Nouveau Bulletin des Sciences. The respective 

dates of publication were April 1809 (see Stafleu, 1967:105) 

and May 1809, respectively. 

Dictyota bartayresiana Lamouroux var. denticulata 

Kutzing 

Dictyota bartayresiana Lamouroux var. denticulata Kutzing, 1859:8, pi. 16: 

fig. II [type locality: Ilhas do Cabo Verde].—Weber-van Bosse, 

1913a:183, pi. Ill: fig. 4.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:141 

[without designation of variety]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (Jolo I.). 

NOTE.—Dictyota bartayresiana var. denticulata, which 

Kutzing illustrated using material from the Cape Verde Is. 

but did not describe, was validated by the citation of D. 

crenulata J. Agardh (1847:7, type locality: "St. Augustin" 

[Oaxaca, Mexico]) as a synonym. J. Agardh (1882:99), however, doubted that Kiitzing's plant was conspecific with D. 

crenulata. Moreover, D. crenulata is recognized as a species 

of Dilophus by Nizamuddin and Gerloff (1980:867), so that 

the identity of Weber-van Bosse's material is very much in 

doubt. 

*Dictyota bidentata Harvey and Bailey 

Dictyota bidentata Harvey and Bailey, 1851:373 [type locality: Mindanao].—Bailey and Harvey, 1862:173, pi. VIII: figs. 6, 7.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:141. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Dictyota cervicornis Kutzing 

Dictyota cervicornis Kutzing, 1859:11, pi. 24: fig. II [type locality: Key 

West, Florida, USA].—Mefiez, 1961:63, pi. 12: fig. 133.—Taylor, 

1966b:354.—Manapat, 1969:38.—Reyes, 1972:145.—Cordero, 

1973b:23.—Velasquez et al., 1973:19, pi. 6: fig. 30.—Ortega, Alcala, 

and Reyes, 1974:187, 188.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:141.— 

Puig and Cordero, 1979:30.—Reyes, 1980:119, pi. 1: fig. 4.—Saraya 

and Trono, 1980:27, pi. VIII: fig. 2.—Chan, 1981:387.—Menez and 

Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Bataan, 

Batangas, Quezon, LEYTE (Biliran I.), NEGROS: Negros Oriental, SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN (Balabac I.). 

Dictyota ceylanica Kutzing 

Dictyota ceylanica Kutzing, 1859:11, pi. 25: fig. I [type locality: Sri 

Lanka].—Martens, 1868:26, 80-81.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:141. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Dictyota ciliolata Kutzing 

Dictyota ciliolata Kutzing, 1859:12, pi. 27: fig. I [type locality: La Guaira, 

Venezuela].—Garcia, 1979:44 (table 1).—Saraya and Trono, 1980:29, 

pi. VIII: fig. 3. 
76 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDANAO. 

Dictyota dichotoma (Hudson) Lamouroux 

Ulva dichotoma Hudson, 1762:476 [type locality: Walney I., Lancashire, 

England]. 

Dictyota dichotoma (Hudson) Lamouroux, 1809a:42.—Dickie, 1876a: 

243.—De Toni, 1895b:263.—Howe, 1932:170.—Mefiez, 1961:62, pi. 

12: fig. 136.—Agor, 1962:34.—Domantay, 1962:283.—Taylor, 

1966b:355.—Manapat, 1969:37, 38.—Velasquez, 1971:441, fig. 19.— 

Reyes, 1972:145.—Cordero, 1973b:22.— Trono, 1973d: 11, pi. 8: fig. 

30.—Velasquez et al., 1973:18, pi. 6: fig. 29—Ortega , Alcala, and 

Reyes, 1974:186, 187.—Trono, 1974a: 142.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:141.—Trono and Young, 1977:58.—Trono and Tuason, 

1978:11.—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:9, fig. 4.—Cordero, 1979b:276, 

284.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:30.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97.—Reyes, 

1980:119, pi. 1: fig. 3.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:28, pi. VIII: fig. 1.— 

Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:120.—Cordero, 1984a:82; 1984b:61; 1984c:52.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a: 

3, fig. 2. 

Dictyota volubilis Kutzing, 1849:554 [type locality: Arromanches-les-Bains, 

Calvados, France].—Westernhagen, 1973a:66; 1974:113 (table I). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Cavite, Batangas, Quezon, Albay. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. MASBATE. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Occidental, Negros 

Oriental, CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. PALAWAN (incl. Balabac I.), SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), 

Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by J. Agardh 

(1882:92). 

Dictyota divaricata Lamouroux 

Dictyota divaricata Lamouroux, 1809a:43 [type locality: Mediterranean 

France].—Domantay, 1962:283.—Manapat, 1969:37, 38—Trono , 

1972a: 100.—Velasquez etal., 1973:19, pi. 7: fig. 31.—Westernhagen, 

1973a:66.—Trono, 1974a: 142.—Westernhagen, 1974:113 (table I).— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:141.—Trono, 1978:10.—Cordero, 

1979b:276.—Fortes and Trono, 1980:66.—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:97.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:28, pi. VII: fig. 2.—Fortes, 

198lb:396.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:8: pi. V: figs. 1, 2.—Trono 

and Ang, 1982:13. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas, Quezon, MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.). 

MARINDUQUE. PANAY: Aklan. CEBU (Mactan I.). PALAWAN 

(Bugsuk I.). SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

Dictyota friabilis Setchell 

Dictyota friabilis Setchell, 1926:91, pi. 13: figs. 4-7 [type locality: Tafaa 

Point, Tahiti]; pi. 20: fig. 1 .—Trono, 1974a:144; 1976:216.—Trono 

and Young, 1977:58.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:12.—Saraya and 

Trono, 1980:28. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Dictyota indica Sonder ex Kutzing 

Dictyota indica Sonder ex Kutzing, 1859:8, pi. 17: fig. I [type locality: La 

Habana, Cuba].—Mefiez, 1961:62.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:141. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Dictyota lata Lamouroux 

Dictyota lata Lamouroux, 1809a:43 [type locality: "Ind. orient." (Malagasy 

Republic)].—Martens, 1868:80-81.—Dickie, 1876a:244.—De Toni, 

1895b:281—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:141. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Dictyota linearis (C. Agardh) Greville 

Zonaria linearis C. Agardh, 1820b: 134 [syntype localities: Cadiz, Spain; 

"ad oras Americae"]. 

Dictyota linearis (C. Agardh) Greville, 1830:xliii.—Montagne, 1844a 

660.—Martens, 1868:80-81.—Domantay, 1962:283.—Taylor, 1966b 

355.—Cordero, 1973b:23.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975 

141._Cordero, 1976c:10, 16, figs. J,K; 1979b:276, 285.—Puig and 

Cordero, 1979:30.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:29, pi. VIII: fig. 4.— 

Menez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Cordero, 1984a:83; 1984b:61.— 

Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:5, fig. 3. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. CENTRAL VISAYAS. PALAWAN, SULU: Tawitawi (Turtle Is.). 

Dictyota major W.R. Taylor 

Dictyota major W.R. Taylor, 1945:88, pis. 8, 9 [type locality: Isla Santa 

Maria, Galapagos].—Saraya and Trono, 1980:29, pi. VIII: fig. 4. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Dictyota mertensii (Martius) Kutzing 

Ulva mertensii Martius, 1828:5, pi. 1 [type locality: Salvador, Brazil]. 

Dictyota mertensii (Martius) Kutzing, 1859:15. 

Dictyota dentata [misapplied name].—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:9, fig. 

5.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:27.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:39, 

fig. [s.n.]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Cavite, 

Batangas. 

NOTE.—Dictyota dentata Lamouroux (1809a:42), the 

name usually applied to this species, is illegitimate because 

Lamouroux cited Fucus atomarius S.G. Gmelin (1768:125, 

pi. X: fig. 1) as a synonym and therefore should have 

retained the epithet atomaria. This epithet cannot be reinstated now, however, because two other species have subsequently been given the name Dictyota atomaria. Moreover, 

Lamouroux erred in his taxonomic opinion, since Fucus 

atomarius is representative of the red algal genus Odonthalia 

(see Papenfuss, 1950:189). The conspecificity of D. dentata 
NUMBER 27 77 

sensu J. Agardh and D. mertensii was proposed by Hauck 

(1888:466). 

Dictyota patens J. Agardh 

Dictyota patens]. Agardh, 1882:93 [syntype localities: St. Thomas, Virgin 

Is.; Tonga].—Trono, 1974a:143.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:31. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LEYTE (Biliran I.), SULU: 

Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Padina Adanson 

Padina arborescens Holmes 

Padina arborescens Holmes, 1896:251, pi. 12: fig. 1 [type locality: Enoshima, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan].—Agor, 1962:34.—Manapat, 

1969:38.—Garcia, 1979:44 (table 1). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDANAO. PALAWAN. 

Dilophus J. Agardh 

Dilophus okamurae Dawson 

Dictyota marginata Okamura, 1913 [1913-1915]:33, pi. CVIII: fig. 9; pi. 

CI [syntype localities: various, all in Japan].—Cordero, 1973b:24 [D. 

marginata prox.].—Puig and Cordero, 1979:31. 

Dilophus marginatus (Okamura) Okamura, 1915 [1913-1915]: 154 [replaced name]. 

Dilophus okamurae Dawson, 1950a:86 ["okamurai"]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

NOTE.—Dilophus okamurae is a substitute name for D. 

marginatus (Okamura) Okamura, a later homonym of D. 

marginatus]. Agardh (1894:91). 

Lobophora J. Agardh 

Lobophora variegata (Lamouroux) Womersley 

Dictyota variegata Lamouroux, 1809a:40 [type locality: Antilles]. 

Zonaria variegata (Lamouroux) C. Agardh, 1817:xx.—Dickie, 1876a: 

245.—Weber-van Bosse, 1913a: 175.—Mefiez, 1961:61, pi. 12: fig. 

135.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:169.—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:97. 

Gymnosorus variegatus (Lamouroux) J. Agardh, 1894:11.—De Toni, 

1895b:227. 

Pocockiella variegata (Lamouroux) Papenfuss, 1943b:467.—Domantay, 

1962:284.—Taylor, 1966b:357.—Trono, 1972a:100; 1973d:l 1.—Velasquez et al., 1973:19, pi. 7: fig. 32.—Trono and Santos-Maranan, 

1974b:3, figs. 2, 3.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:160.—Reyes, 

1980:120, pi. 2: fig. 3.—Cordero, 1984b:62. 

Lobophora variegata (Lamouroux) Womersley, 1967:221.—Trono, 

1978:10.—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:13, figs. 10, 13.—Fortes and 

Trono, 1980:60, 66.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97.—Saraya and Trono, 

1980:31, pi. IX: fig. 1.—Chan, 1981:387.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Bataan, 

Cavite, Batangas. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. PANAY: Iloilo (Gigantes Is.), CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN (Balabac I.), SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.), 

Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Papenfuss (1980) has proposed the generic name 

Pocockiella Papenfuss (1943b:467) for conservation over the 

earlier taxonomic synonym Lobophora]. Agardh (1894:21). 

The latter name has come into wide use since its identity 

was clarified by Womersley (1967:221), however, so there 

seems to be little or no merit in conserving Pocockiella. 

Padina australis Hauck 

Padina australis Hauck, 1887 [1886-1887]:44 [type locality: Cape York, 

Queensland, Australia].—Merrill, 1918:40.—Howe, 1932:170.— 

Zaneveld, 1952:131.—Abelardo and De Leon, 1956:102.—Olea and 

De Leon, 1956:104.—Zaneveld, 1956:17; 1959:100.—Domantay, 

1962:283.—Taylor, 1966b:355.—Manapat, 1969:37, 38.—Reyes, 

1972:145.—Trono, 1973d:ll, pi. 8: fig. 29.—Ortega, Alcala, and 

Reyes, 1974:185, 186, 187, 188.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:158.—Trono, 1976:215; 1978:10.—Reyes, 1980:120, pi. 1: fig. 

5.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:29, pi. IX: fig. 3.—Trono and Fortes, 

1980:66.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:41, fig. [s.n.].—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1981:382.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:8, pi. V: fig. 4.— 

Laserna et al., 1982:52.—Trono and Ang, 1982:13.—Trono and 

Fortes, 1982:146. 

Ulva umbilicalis [misapplied name fide Merrill, 1918:40].—M. Blanco, 

1837:842; 1845:581; 1879:261.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:168. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, La 

Union, Pangasinan, Bataan, Batangas, Quezon, Sorsogon. 

MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. LEYTE. PANAY. 

NEGROS: Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental. SIQUIJOR. 

MINDANAO: Misamis Occidental. PALAWAN (incl. Balabac I., 

Bugsuk I.). 

NOTE.—Martens (1868:47) identified Blanco's plant as 

Zonaria gymnospora (= Padina gymnospora). In the absence 

of authentic specimens, no definitive placement can be 

made. 

Padina boryana Thivy 

Padina boryana Thivy in Taylor, 1966b:355, fig. 2 [including Philippine 

records] [type locality: Tonga].—Kraft, 1972:332.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:158. 

Padina commersonii [misapplied name].—Domantay, 1962:284.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:158.—Cordero, 1976c:6, 19.—Puig and 

Cordero, 1979:32.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:66.—Ganzon-Fortes, 

1981:21 —Trono and Fortes, 1982:146. 

Padina tenuis [misapplied name].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), Pangasinan, Quezon (incl. Polillo Is.), CATANDUANES. LEYTE (Biliran I), PANAY: Antique, CENTRAL VISAYAS. PALAWAN (Balabac I.), SULU: Sulu. 

NOTE.—Padina commersonii Bory de Saint-Vincent (1828 

[1826-1829]: 144), a name that traditionally has been applied to the present species, is an illegitimate substitute for 
7H SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

P. tenuis (C. Agardh) Bory de Saint-Vincent (1827:590), 

whose basionym, Zonaria pavonia var. tenuis C. Agardh 

(1824:264), has been shown by Papenfuss (1977:277) to be 

referable to Lobophora variegata. The material that Bory de 

Saint-Vincent had in hand was incorporated in a new species, P. boryana, by Thivy. 

Padina crassa Yamada 

Padina crassa Yamada, 1931a:67, pi. XVII: fig. 2 [syntype localities: 

various, all in Japan].—Manapat, 1969:37, 38.—Velasquez, 1971:441, 

fig. 20.—Cordero, 1973b:24.—Velasquez et al., 1973:19, pi. 7: fig. 

33.—Cordero, 1979b:276, 284.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:31.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:120.—Cordero, 1984a:83; 1984b:61; 1984c:52.— 

Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:3, fig. 1.—Tungpalan, 1984:142. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Batangas, Quezon, MASBATE. 

LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. CEBU. PALAWAN. 

Padina distromatica Hauck 

Padina distromatica Hauck, 1887 [1886-1887]:43 [type locality: Meith 

(Maidh), Somalia].—Howe, 1932:169.—Taylor, 1966b:356.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:158. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. PANAY. BOHOL. 

Padina fraseri (Greville) Greville 

Zonaria fraseri Greville, 1829:423, pi. XXVI: fig. 2 [type locality: "ad 

Novam Hollandiam" (probably near Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia fide Womersley, 1967:222)]. 

Padina fraseri (Greville) Greville, 1830:xliv.—Taylor, 1966b:356.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:159. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION. 

La Union. 

-LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos Sur, 

Padina gymnospora (Kutzing) Sonder 

Zonaria gymnospora Kutzing, 1859:29, pi. 71: fig. II [type locality: St. 

Thomas. Virgin Is.].—Martens, 1868:26, 47, 82-83 . 

Padina gymnospora (Kutzing) Sonder, 1871:47.—Taylor, I966b:356.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:159.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Quezon, CENTRAL 

VISAYAS. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Padina japonica Yamada 

Padina japonica Yamada, 193Ia:69, pi. XIX: fig. 2 [syntype localities: 

various, all in Japan].—Domantay, 1962:284.—Taylor, 1966b:356.— 

Manapat, 1969:37.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:174, 179, 180, 

181.—Kraft, 1972:332.—Trono, 1972a: 100.—Velasquez et al., 

1973:20, pi. 7: fig. 34.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:159.— 

Trono, 1976:215.—Trono and Young, 1977:58.—Trono, 1978:11.— 

Cordero, 1979b:276.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97.—Saraya and Trono, 

1980:30, pi. IX: fig. 2.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:66; 1982:146.— 

Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:121 .—Cordero, 1984c:52. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Batangas, Quezon, Camarines Sur, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), MARINDUQUE. MASBATE. PANAY: Aklan. CEBU 

(Mactan I.), SULU: Tawitawi. 

Padina minor Yamada 

Padina minor Yamada, 1925b:251, fig. V [type locality: Garan-Bi (O-luan), 

Taiwan].—Manapat, 1969:37, 38.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:175, 

176, 182.—Trono, 1973d: 12, pi. 6: fig. 21.—Velasquez etal., 1973:20, 

pi. 7: fig. 35.—Trono, 1974a:141; 1976:214; 1978:11.—Trono and 

Tuason, 1978:12.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:31.—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:97.—Reyes, 1980:120, pi. 2: fig. 1.—Saraya and Trono, 

1980:30.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:66.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 

1980:43, fig. [s.n.].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Trono and 

De Lara, 1981:8, pi. V: fig. 3.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:146.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:121.—Cordero, 1984c:52. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (Babuyan 

Is.), Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Batangas, Quezon, 

Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MARINDUQUE. MASBATE. LEYTE 

(Biliran I.), CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Padina pavonica (Linnaeus) Thivy 

Fucus pavonicus Linnaeus, 1753:1162 [type locality: "In Mari Europae 

australis"]. 

Fucus pavonius Linnaeus, 1759:1345. 

Padina pavonia (Linnaeus) Lamouroux, 1816:304.—Bailey and Harvey, 

1862:173.—Dickie, 1876a:243.—Mefiez, 1961:61, pi. 10: figs. 113-

11 7; pi. 11: figs. 118-120.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:159. 

Padina pavonica (Linnaeus) Thivy in Taylor, 1960:234. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. CEBU 

(Mactan I.). MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

NOTE.—We consider Fucus pavonius Linnaeus, the basionym of Padina pavonia, an illegitimate substitute for F. 

pavonicus. Some authors, however, consider the two epithets 

orthographic variants and hence accredit the binomial P. 

pavonica to (Linnaeus) Lamouroux (see Price, Tittley, and 

Richardson, 1979:3, footnote). 

Padina sanctae-crucis B</>rgesen 

Padina sanctae-crucis B(/>rgesen, 1914b:45, figs. 27, 28 [type locality: St. 

Croix, Virgin Is.].—Mefiez, 1961:62, pi. 10: figs. 109-112. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

NOTE.—According to Taylor (1960:237), Dictyerpa jamaicensis Collins (1901:251; type locality: Manchioneal, Jamaica) "is a growth stage of a Padina, perhaps of various 

species, but certainly of this one' (Padina sanctae-crucis). 

On the basis of this statement, Papenfuss (1977:272) made 

the combination P. jamaicensis (Collins) Papenfuss. We prefer to retain Btfrgesen's name, however, because of the 
NUMBER 27 79 

uncertainty as to which species is represented by the type 

material of D. jamaicensis. 

Padina tetrastromatica Hauck 

Padina tetrastromatica Hauck, 1887 [1886-1887]:43 [type locality: Meith 

(Maidh), Somalia].—Taylor, 1966b:356.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:159.—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:10, figs. 6-8.—Trono and 

Fortes, 1980:66.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Trono and Fortes, 

1982:146. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Bataan, Rizal, Manila, Cavite. 

Spatoglossum Kutzing 

Spatoglossum asperum J. Agardh 

Spatoglossum asperum J. Agardh, 1894:36 [type locality: Sri Lanka].— 

Trono, 1974a: 144. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Spatoglossum variabile Figari and De Notaris 

Spatoglossum variabile Figari and De Notaris, 1853:153, fig. IV [syntype 

localities: Suez, Egypt and Aqaba, Jordan, Red Sea].—Weber-van Bosse, 

1913a: 181.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:163. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.). 

Stypopodium (Kutzing) J. Agardh 

* Stypopodium flabelliforme Weber-van Bosse 

Stypopodium flabelliforme Weber-van Bosse, 1913a: I 76, pi. II: fig. 10; pi. 

Ill: fig. 2 [syntype localities: Rotti I., Indonesia; Pearl Bank, Tawitawi 

Prov., Sulu Archipelago].—Domantay, 1962:287.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:164. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. SULU: 

Tawitawi (Pearl Bank). 

Zonaria C. Agardh 

Zonaria diesingiana J. Agardh 

Zonaria diesingiana]. Agardh, 1841:443 [type locality: "Nov. Holl." (probably near Sydney, Australia fide Allender and Kraft, 1983:81)].— 

Cordero, 1976c:6, 10, 18. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

NOTE.—Womersley (1967:228) rejected this name as a 

nomen dubium on the grounds that the type specimen (from 

Australia) represents the basal portion of an undeterminable 

Zonaria. 

Zonaria fiabellata (Okamura) Papenfuss 

Homoeostnchus flabellatus Okamura, 1931 [1929-1932]:57, pi. 

CCLXXXIX: figs. 11-13 [syntype localities: Ryukyu-retto and Seto, 

Wakayama Prefecture, Japan].—Flores-Sian, 1959:97. 

Zonaria fiabellata (Okamura) Papenfuss, 1944:341. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Order CHORDARIALES 

Family CORYNOPHLAEACEAE 

Leathesia S.F. Gray 

Leathesia difformis (Linnaeus) J.E. Areschoug 

Tremella difformis Linnaeus, 1755:429 [type locality: Sweden]. 

Leathesia difformis (Linnaeus) J.E. Areschoug, 1847:376.—Domantay, 

1962:283.—Cordero, 1973b:24.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:151.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:7, fig. 5. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan. LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

Order DICTYOSIPHONALES 

Family CHNOOSPORACEAE 

Chnoospora J. Agardh 

Chnoospora implexa J. Agardh 

Chnoospora implexa]. Agardh, 1848:172 [type locality: Tor, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt].—Mefiez, 1961:60, pi. 12: figs. 129-131.—Reyes, 

1972:148.—Velasquez et al., 1973:21, pi. 8: fig. 38.—Trono and Santos-Maranan, 1974b:4, fig. 4.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:135.—Trono, 1976:217.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:98.—Reyes, 

1980:122, pi. 3: fig. 4.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Cordero, 1982b:32.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:122.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984: 

179.—Tungpalan, 1984:139. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Sorsogon. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

SAMAR: Eastern Samar. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU 

(Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. 

Chnoospora minima (Hering) Papenfuss 

Fucus minimus Hering, 1841:92 [type locality: "Port Natal" (Durban), 

South Africa]. 

Chnoospora minima (Hering) Papenfuss, 1956:69.—Taylor, 1966b:357. 

Cordero, 1982b:32, fig. 1. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. SAMAR: 

Eastern Samar. 
HO SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Chnoospora pannosa J. Agardh 

Chnoospora pannosa]. Agardh, 1848:172 [type locality: Oahu, Hawaiian 

Is.].—Martens, 1868:26, 70-71.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:135. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Order SCYTOSIPHONALES 

Family SCYTOSIPHONACEAE 

Colpomenia (Endlicher) Derbes and Solier 

Colpomenia sinuosa (Mertens ex Roth) Derbes and Solier 

Ulva sinuosa Mertens ex Roth, 1806:327, pi. 12 [type locality: Cadiz, 

Spain]. 

Colpomenia sinuosa (Mertens ex Roth) Derbes and Solier in Castagne, 

1851:95.—Velasquez, 1949:155 ["sinuata"].—Menez, 1961:60, pi. 12: 

fig. 134.—Agor, 1962:34.—Domantay, 1962:282.—Galutira and Velasquez, 1964:500.—Velasquez, 1971:441, fig. 22.—Reyes, 1972: 

148.—Trono, 1973d: 12.—Velasquez et al., 1973:20, pi. 7: fig. 36.— 

Westernhagen, 1973a:65.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:186, 

187.—Trono and Santos-Maranan, 1974b:4, figs. 5, 6.—Westernhagen, 1974:113 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:138 

["sinuosa" and "sinuata"].—Cordero, 1979b:285.—Puig and Cordero, 

1979:34.—Cordero, 1980b:34, pi. [50].—Reyes, 1980:121, pi. 3: fig. 

1.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:31, pi. IX: fig. 4.—Chan, 1981:387.— 

Menez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:122.—Cordero, 1984a:84.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:179.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 

1984a:9, fig. 7. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Batangas. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. 

Hydroclathrus Bory 

Hydroclathrus clathratus (C. Agardh) Howe 

Encoelium clathratum C. Agardh, 1822a:412 [type locality: uncertain].— 

Martens, 1868:47, 70-71 .—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:141. 

Hydroclathrus clathratus (C. Agardh) Howe, 1920:590.—Zaneveld, 1952: 

130; 1956:15; 1959:99.—Agor, 1962:34.—Domantay, 1962: 

283.—Galutira and Velasquez, 1964:500, pi. 2: fig. 7; pi. 7: fig. 

26.—Taylor, 1966b:357.—Velasquez, 1968a: 120, fig. 5.—Villones and 

Magdamo, 1968:26, fig. 18 [figure cited but not published].—Manapat, 

1969:37, 38, 39.—Velasquez, 1971:441, fig. 21.—Reyes, 1972:148.— 

Velasquez, 1972:63.—Bersamin et al., 1973:187.—Trono, 

1973d:12.—Velasquez et al., 1973:21, pi. 8: fig. 37.—Westernhagen, 

1973a:66.—Trono, 1974a: 147.—Trono and Santos-Maranan, 

1974b:2, fig. 1.—Westernhagen, 1974:113 (table I).—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:150.—Trono, 1976:216.—Cordero, 

1979b:276, 285. —Puig and Cordero, 1979:34.—Velasquez, 

1979b:230.—Cordero, 1980b:33, pi. 21 .—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97.— 

Moreland, 1980:43, 46, 47.—Reyes, 1980:121, pi. 3: figs. 2a,b.— Saraya 

and Trono, 1980:32.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:66.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:45, fig. [s.n.].—Trono, Velasquez, and Guevarra, 

1980:77.— Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21 .—Guzman, 1981:43, 49.—Mefiez 

and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Laserna et al., 1981:447.—Trono and De 

Lara, 1981:9, pi. VI: fig. 4.—Calumpong, 1982:145.—Cordero, 

1982a:60.—Trono and Ang, 1982:14.—Trono and Fortes, 

1982:147.—Cordero, 1984a: 85.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:122.—Cordero, 1984b:62; 1984c:53.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:179.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:7, fig. 6; 1984b: 122.—Tungpalan, 1984:139.— 

Ang, 1985b:298. 

Hydroclathrus cancellatus Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1825:419.—Weber-van 

Bosse, 1913a: 136.—Merrill, 1918:40.—Collado, 1926:129.—G. 

Blanco, 1938:513.—Velasquez, 1949:155.—Quisumbing, 1951: 

1010.—Velasquez, 1953b:206.—Montilla and Blanco, 1953:166, fig. 

5:4.—Mefiez, 1961:60.—De Leon, Eufemio, and Pineda, 1963:82 

(table 1).—Cordero, 1973b:25.—Westernhagen, 1973a:66; 1974:113 

(table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:150. 

Ulva reticulata [misapplied name fide Martens, 1868:47 and Collins in 

Merrill, 1918:40].—M. Blanco, 1837:842; 1845:582; 1879:262.—Martens, 1868:60-61 [Blanco record only].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:167 [Blanco and Martens records only]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, Pangasinan, 

Bataan, Batangas, Quezon, Albay, Sorsogon. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MASBATE. 

SAMAR: Eastern Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. 

NEGROS: Negros Oriental (incl. Apo I.), CEBU (incl. Mactan 

I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Davao. PALAWAN 

(incl. Balabac I., Bugsuk I.), SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Encoelium clathratum C. Agardh (based on Fucus 

clathratus Bory de Saint-Vincent mscr.) and Hydroclathrus 

cancellatus Bory de Saint-Vincent share the same type collection. The provenance was stated to be Belle-Ile (Atlantic 

France), but Hamel (1937:202) explained how this was 

shown to be in error. The true provenance is unknown. 

Rosenvingea B#rgesen 

Rosenvingea intricata (J. Agardh) B</>rgesen 

Asperococcus intricatus J. Agardh, 1847:7 [type locality: Veracruz, 

Mexico]. 

Rosenvingea intricata (J. Agardh) B^irgesen, 1914b:26.—Reyes, 

1972:148.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:162.—Reyes, 

1980:121, pi. 3: fig. 3.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

SIQUIJOR. 

*Rosenvingea orientalis (J. Agardh) B</>rgesen 

Asperococcus orientalis J. Agardh, 1848:78 [type locality: Manila, 

Luzon].—De Toni, 1895b:495. 

Encoelium orientate (J. Agardh) Kutzing, 1849:551.—Martens, 1868:68-

69.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:142. 

Hydroclathrus orientalis (J. Agardh) Heydrich, 1894:286 [including Philippine record].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:150. 

Rosenvingea orientalis (J. Agardh) B^rgesen, 1914b:26.—Saraya and 

Trono, 1980:32, pi. X: fig. 2. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Manila. 
NUMBER 27 81 

Order FUCALES 

Family CYSTOSEIRACEAE 

Cystoseira C. Agardh 

Cystoseira hakodatensis (Yendo) Fensholt 

Cystophyllum hakodatense Yendo, 1907:32, pi. II: figs. 13-16 [lectotype 

locality: Shoya, Japan fide Yoshida, 1980:100].—Cordero, 1982b:33, 

fig. 2 ["Cestophyllum"]. 

Cystoseira hakodatensis (Yendo) Fensholt, 1952:563 ["hakotadense"]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LEYTE (Leyte del Sur). 

NOTE.—Th e name Cystophyllum J. Agardh (1848:228) 

was superfluous when published inasmuch as the circumscription of the genus included both of the original species 

of Myagropsis Kutzing (1843a:57), the single original species 

of Sirophysalis Kutzing (1843b:368), as well as several species 

previously assigned to Sargassum C. Agardh (1820b: 1) and 

Cystoseira C. Agardh (1820b:50). According to Article 7.11 

of the ICBN, the type ofCystophyllum is the type ofMyagropsis, the earlier of the two Kutzing generic names and therefore the one that J. Agardh should have adopted. Fucus 

myagroides Mertens ex Turner (1809:28, pi. 83) was designated lectotype of Myagropsis by Silva (1952a:279) and is 

thus the type of Cystophyllum. The lectotypification by De 

Toni (1891:175), who chose C. trinode (Forsskal) J. Agardh 

(1848:230), is irrelevant. 

J. Agardh separated Cystophyllum from Cystoseira on the 

basis of vesicle position. In Cystophyllum the vesicles were 

said to be restricted to ultimate ramuli, while in Cystoseira 

they are produced within the axes. The diagnostic value of 

this character at the generic level was doubted by Gardner 

(1917:390), who found both conditions in the same species. 

Fensholt (1952) abandoned this distinction and treated as 

members of Cystoseira most species that had been placed in 

Cystophyllum by J. Agardh and subsequent authors. If Cystoseira hakodatensis and other species currently placed in 

Cystophyllum are segregated from Cystoseira, the segregate 

genus cannot bear the name Cystophyllum, which, as shown 

above, is a synonym of Myagropsis. 

Hormophysa Kutzing 

Hormophysa cuneiformis (J.F. Gmelin) P.C. Silva, new 

combination 

Fucus triqueter Linnaeus, 1771:312 [type locality: "in Mari Capensi"]. 

Cystoseira triquetra C. Agardh, 1820b:61. 

Hormophysa triquetra (C. Agardh) Kutzing, 1843b:359.—Taylor, 

1966b:357.—Papenfuss, 1968:45.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:179, 

182.—Trono, 1972a: 102.—Cordero, 1973b:25.—Velasquez et al., 

1973:21, pi. 8: fig. 39.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:187.—Trono, 

1974a: 147.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:150.—Trono, 

1976:220.—Cordero, 1976c:20.—Trono, 1978:11.—Cordero, 

1979b:286.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:32.—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:98.—Reyes, 1980:123, pi. 3: fig. 5.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:33, 

pi. X: fig. 3.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:47, fig. [s.n.].—Guzman, 1981:43.—Laserna et al., 1981:447.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:382.—Laserna et al., 1982:52.—Trono and Ang, 1982:14.— 

Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:123.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:ll, fig. 

8.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984b: 123.—Tungpalan, 1984:143. 

Fucus articulatus Forsskal, 1775:191 [type locality: Suez, Egypt]. 

Cystoseira articulata]. Agardh, 1848:216.—Mefiez, 1961:68.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:140. 

Fucus cuneiformis].?. Gmelin, 1792:1389. 

Cystoseira prolifera J. Agardh, 1848:215 [type locality: Western Australia, 

Australia].—Westernhagen, 1973a:65; 1974:113 (table I). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan, La Union, Bataan, Batangas, Sorsogon. 

MARINDUQUE. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: 

Negros Oriental, CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN 

(Bugsuk I.), SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Cystoseira articulata is included as a synonym on 

the authority of Setchell (1935:264), C. prolifera on the 

authority of Womersley (1964:64). Various taxonomic synonyms are discussed by Papenfuss (1968), while the tortuous 

nomenclature is brought up to date in the appended Nomenclatural Notes. 

Myagropsis Kutzing 

Myagropsis myagroides (Mertens ex Turner) Fensholt 

Fucus myagroides Mertens ex Turner, 1809:28, pi. 83 [type locality: 

Nagasaki, Japan]. 

Myagropsis myagroides (Mertens ex Turner) Fensholt, 1955:319. 

Fucus sisymbrioides Turner, 1809:150, pi. 129 [type locality: Korea 

Strait]. 

Cystophyllum sisymbrioides (Turner) J. Agardh, 1848:234.—Cordero, 

1982b:35, fig. 3 ["Cestophyllum"]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SIQUIJOR. 

NOTE.—While returning most members of Cystophyllum 

to Cystoseira, Fensholt (1952) retained the name Cystophyllum for a new generic concept distinguished from Cystoseira 

by a suite of developmental and cytological characters. Only 

two species were known by Fensholt to share these characters, namely, C. sisymbrioides (Turner) J. Agardh (1848:234) 

and C. turneri Yendo (1907:40, pi. Ill: figs. 7-11). Upon 

realizing that C. sisymbrioides included both of the original 

species of Myagropsis, Fensholt (1955) adopted that generic 

name for what she had previously designated Cystophyllum 

J. Agardh emend. Fensholt. Papenfuss and Jensen (1967) 

reviewed Fensholt's work and concluded that the segregation of Myagropsis from Cystoseira was advantageous. 

The conspecificity of Fucus myagroides and F. sisymbrioides 

was proposed by J. Agardh (1848:234). Both species were 

originally described in the second volume of Turne r s 

"Fuci.' If they had been published simultaneously, J. 

Agardh would have been free to adopt either epithet in 

preference to the other. Moreover, his choice (sisymbrioides) 

would have been imposed on subsequent workers (Article 

57.2). In fact, however, the two species were not published 

simultaneously. Turner's "Fuci" was issued serially, with 12 

parts constituting a volume (see Price, 1984). Although 
82 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

exact dates have not been ascertained, it is certain that pi. 

83 (F. myagroides) appeared prior to pi. 129 (F. sisymbrioides). 

Myagropsis myagroides is thus the correct name for this 

species. 

Family SARGASSACEAE 

Sargassum C. Agardh 

Sargassum aemulum Sonder 

Sargassum aemulum Sonder, 1853:672 [type locality: Holdfast Bay (Gulf 

of St. Vincent), South Australia, Australia]. 

Sargassum cristatum J. Agardh, 1889:84, pi. XXV: figs. 18-20 [type 

locality: South Australia, Australia].—Taylor, 1966b:357.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:162. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Grunow (1915 

[1915-1916]:376). 

Sargassum agardhianum Farlow ex J. Agardh 

Sargassum agardhianum Farlow ex J. Agardh, 1889:93 [type locality: San 

Diego, California, USA].—Cordero, 1976c:22. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Sargassum baccularia (Mertens) C. Agardh 

Fucus baccularia Mertens, 1819:177 [type locality: not specified ("Ad 

Novam Hollandiam" fide C. Agardh, 1824:304)]. 

Sargassum baccularia (Mertens) C. Agardh, 1824:304.—Ang, 1985b:295. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Batangas. 

*Sargassum belangeri Bory de Saint-Vincent 

Sargassum belangeri Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1834:162 [syntype localities: 

Java and Sunda Strait, Indonesia; Philippines].—J. Agardh, 

1848:345.—Martens, 1868:72-73.—De Toni, 1895b: 113.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:162. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Sargassum berberifolium J. Agardh 

Sargassum berberifolium J. Agardh, 1848:337 [syntype localities: Western 

Australia, Australia; Admiralty Is.].—Grunow, 1915 [ 191 5-1916]:411. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Sargassum cervicome Greville 

Sargassum cervicome Greville, 1849:217, pi. IX: figs. 1-6 [type locality: 

"in mare Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis"]. 

*Sargassum binderi Sonder var. angustifolium Sonder, 1871:44 [syntype 

localities: various, Indian and Pacific oceans, including San Bernardino 

Strait, between Sorsogon and Northern Samar provinces, Philippines]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—San Bernardino Strait. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Grunow (1915 

[1915-1916]:384). 

*Sargassum cinctum J. Agardh var. gracilentum Grunow 

Sargassum cinctum J. Agardh var. gracilentum Grunow, 1915 [1915-

1916]:419 ["gracilenta"] [syntype localities: Australia: Goodie I., Ballina, 

and Rockingham; near Manila, Luzon]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Manila. 

* Sargassum cinctum J. Agardh var.? mixtum Grunow 

Sargassum cinctum J. Agardh var.? mixtum Grunow, 1915 [1915-

1916]:419 ["mixta"] [type locality: near Manila, Luzon]. 

Sargassum siliquosum [misapplied name fide Grunow, I.e.].—Martens, 

1868:27, 74-75.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:163 [Martens 

records only]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: La Union, Manila. 

MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

NOTE.—I n view of the fact that Grunow (1916 [1915— 

1916]: 173) did not list the Philippines under Sargassum 

siliquosum]. Agardh, it appears that he intended to include 

in 5. cinctum var. mixtum the Martens record of S. siliquosum 

from Zamboanga as well as the one from Manila, even 

though he cited only the latter locality. 

Sargassum confusum C. Agardh 

Sargassum confusum C. Agardh, 1824:301 [type locality: "In mari Japonico"].—Flores-Sian, 1959:97.—Agor, 1962:34.—Domantay, 1962: 

284.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:162.—Cordero, 1976c:8 — 

Garcia, 1979:44 (table 1).—Puig and Cordero, 1979:33—Cordero, 

1981c:408; 1982a:fig. 6; 1984c:53.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:12, 

fig. 9; 1984b: 123. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan. MASBATE. SAMAR: Western Samar, Eastern Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Antique, Iloilo. MINDANAO. 

Sargassum biforme Sonder 

Sargassum biforme Sonder, 1845:51 [type locality: Western Australia, Australia].—Dickie, 1876a:245.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:162. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PANAY: Iloilo (Gigantes Is.). 

Sargassum crispifolium Yamada 

Sargassum crispifolium Yamada, 1931a:72, pi. XX [syntype localities: various, all in Japan].—Velasquez, 1971:443, fig. 23.—Cordero, 1979b: 

276; 198lc:408.—Guzman, 1981:43, 50.—Cordero, 1982a:fig. 8; 

1984b:63; 1984c:54. 
NUMBER 27 83 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MASBATE. SAMAR: Western 

Samar, Eastern Samar. PANAY: Aklan, Antique, CEBU (Mactan I.). PALAWAN. 

Sargassum cristaefolium C. Agardh 

Sargassum cristaefolium C. Agardh, 1820b: 13 [type locality: "Locus natalis 

ignotus"].—Montagne, 1844a:660; 1846a:42.—Martens, 1868:26,72-

73.—De Toni, 1895b:51.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:162.— 

Trono, 1978:12.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:32.—Trono and Fortes, 

1980:68.—Chan, 1981:385.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1981:382.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:10, pi. VI: figs. 1, 

2.—Trono and Ang, 1982:14.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:147. 

Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh var. duplicatum J. Agardh, 

1848:318 [type locality: Moluccas, Indonesia]. 

Sargassum duplicatum (J. Agardh) J. Agardh, 1889:90.—Sulit and San 

Juan, 1955:48 (table 1).—Mefiez, 1961:65.—Domantay, 1962:286.— 

Taylor, 1966b:357.—Manapat, 1969:37, 38, 39.—Trono, 1974a: 

147.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:162.—Trono, 1976: 

219.—Cordero, 1976c:22; 1979b:276, 286, fig. 3.—Puig and 

Cordero, 1979:33.—Cordero, 1980a:29, 36, fig. 4; 1980b:35, pi. 22.— 

Laserna et al., 1981:447.—Cordero, 1984a:85.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a: 12, fig. 10. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan, Manila, Batangas, Quezon, Sorsogon. 

MARINDUQUE. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (incl. Lubang 

Is.), SAMAR: Eastern Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur, Surigao del 

Sur. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). PALAWAN (incl. Bugsuk I.). 

NOTE.—J. Agardh (1848:318) was uncertain whether his 

plant from the Moluccas was conspecific with Sargassum 

duplicatum Bory de Saint-Vincent (1828 [1826-1829]: 127; 

type locality: Pacific Ocean between Tahiti and New Zealand) and later (1889:90, 123) recognized his S. duplicatum 

as a species distinct from that of Bory de Saint-Vincent. 

Womersley and Bailey (1970:296) treated the two species 

as one entity, which they merged into 5. cristaefolium. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

*Sargassum cystophyllum Montagne 

Sargassum cystophyllum Montagne, 1842d:249 [type locality: "Manilla," Luzon].—Montagne, 1846a:46.—J. Agardh, 1848:345.—Montagne, 

1856:388.—De Toni, 1895b: 1 I 3.—Grunow, 1915 [ 1915-1916]:414. 

Carpacanthus cystophyllus (Montagne) Kutzing, 1849:623.—Martens, 

1868:76-77.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:130. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Sargassum droserifolium Bory de Saint-Vincent 

Sargassum droserifolium Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1828 [1826-1829]: 129 

[syntype localities: Port Praslin (Kambotorosh Harbor), New Ireland; 

New Zealand; Tahiti; New Guinea].—Grunow, 1915 [ 1915-1916]:410. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

*Sargassum droserifolium Bory de Saint Vincent 

var.? spathulatum Grunow 

Sargassum droserifolium Bory de Saint-Vincent var.? spathulatum Grunow, 

1915 [1915—1916]:411 ["spathulata"] [type locality: "in freto Bernardino" (San Bernardino Strait between Sorsogon Prov., Luzon, and 

Northern Samar Prov.)]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Sargassum elongatum 

Sargassum elongatum.—Manapat, 1969:38. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Manapat did not give an author for this name 

and we have been unable to find its place of publication. 

TAXON OF UNCERTAIN VALUE 

The following infraspecific taxon is probably related to 

Sargassum cristaefolium but has not formally been transferred to it. 

*Sargassum duplicatum (J. Agardh) J. Agardh 

var. rotundatum Grunow 

Sargassum duplicatum (J. Agardh) J. Agardh var. rotundatum Grunow, 

1915 [1915-1916]:392 ["rotundata"] [syntype localities: Philippines; 

Java, Indonesia; Seychelles]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Sargassum esperi C. Agardh 

Sargassum esperi C. Agardh, 1820b:9 [syntype localities: Brazil; Bengal, India].—Montagne, 1844a:660.—Martens, 1868:74-75.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:162. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Sargassum filicinum Harvey 

Sargassum filicinum Harvey, 1860a:327 [type locality: "East coast of Japan"].—Garcia, 1979:44 (table 1). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO. 

Sargassum cystocarpum C. Agardh 

Sargassum cystocarpum C. Agardh, 1820b:33 [type locality: "E mari Indico"].—Martens, 1868:26, 72-73.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:162. 

Sargassum filifolium C. Agardh 

Sargassum filifolium C. Agardh, 1824:305 [type locality: Western Australia, 

Australia].—Grunow, 1916 [ 1915-1916]:2. 
84 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—"In freto Bernardino" [San 

Bernardino Strait between Sorsogon Prov., Luzon, and 

Northern Samar Prov.]. 

NOTE.—Grunow (1916 [1915-1916]:43), in agreement 

with J. Agardh (1889:108), considered this species a variety 

of 5. vulgare, but Taylor (1960:277) recognized both speSargassum filifolium C. Agardh var. aciculare (Grunow) 

Grunow 

Sargassum aciculare Grunow, 1874:26 [type locality: Bribie I., Queensland, 

Australia]. 

Sargassum filifolium C. Agardh var. aciculare (Grunow) Grunow, 1916 

[1915-1916]:3 ["acicularis"]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—"In freto Bernardino' [San 

Bernardino Strait between Sorsogon Prov., Luzon, and 

Northern Samar Prov.]. 

* Sargassum filiforme Montagne 

Sargassum filiforme Montagne, 1844a:660 [type locality: "in insulis Philippinensibus"].—J. Agardh, 1848:346.—Kutzing, 1849:614.—Montagne, 1856:383.—Martens, 1868:27, 74-75.—De Toni, 

1895b:l 13.—Grunow, 1916 [ 1915-1916]: 14.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:162. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Sargassum fluitans (B^rgesen) B</>rgesen 

Sargassum hystrix]. Agardh var.fluitans B$rgesen, 1914a: 11, fig. 8 [type 

locality: Sargasso Sea]. 

Sargassum fluitans (B0rgesen) B0rgesen, 1914b:66, footnote.—Westernhagen, 1973a:66; 1974:113 (table I). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Sargassum fulvellum (Turner) C. Agardh 

Fucus fulvellus Turner, 1808:147, pi. 66 [type locality: Korea Strait]. 

Sargassum fulvellum (Turner) C. Agardh, 1820b:34.—Domantay, 

1962:287.—Cordero, 1973b:25 [5. fulvellum prox.].—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:162.—Cordero, 1976c:23; 1979b:276; 

1981c:407; 1982a:fig. 7; 1984c:53. 

Sargassum enerve C. Agardh, 1820b: 17 [type locality: "In Oceano" ("E 

mari Coreano" fide Yoshida, 1983: 148, fig. 26c)].—Sulit and San Juan, 

1955:48 (table 1) pi. 2: fig. 1.—Domantay, 1962:274.—Manapat, 

1969:38.—Westernhagen, 1973a:66; 1974:113 (table I).—Trono and 

Fortes, 1980:68—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21—Trono and Fortes, 

1982:147. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas. MASBATE. SAMAR: Western Samar. LEYTE 

(Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan, Iloilo. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

NOTE.—Sargassum enerve is included as a synonym on 

the authority of Yoshida (1983:148, 151). 

Sargassum furcatum Kutzing 

Sargassum furcatum Kutzing, 1843b:362 [type locality: St. Thomas, Virgin 

Is.].—Menez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

*Sargassum gaudichaudii Montagne 

Sargassum gaudichaudii Montagne, 1842d:249 [syntype localities: Mauritius; "Manilla,' Luzon].—Montagne, 1846a:48, pi. 141; 1856:384.— 

Grunow, 1915 [ 1915-1916]:446. 

Carpacanthus gaudichaudii (Montagne) Kutzing, 1849:623.—Martens, 

1868:76-77.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:130. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Manila. 

Sargassum giganteifolium Yamada 

Sargassum giganteifolium Yamada in Okamura, 1925:105, pi. CCXXX 

[syntype localities: Enoshima, Kanagawa Prefecture and Futomi, Chiba 

Prefecture, Japan].—Sulit and San Juan, 1955:48 (table 1).—Domantay, 

1962:284.—Manapat, 1969:37, 38.—Cordero, 1973b:26 [with 

query].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:162.—Cordero, 

1981c:408; 1984b:63; 1984c:53. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (Babuyan 

Is.) Pangasinan, Batangas, Albay (Batan I.), MASBATE. SAMAR: Western Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Iloilo. CEBU 

(Mactan I.). PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Yoshida (1983:195) cites the holotype of this 

species as coming from Shichirigahama (Kanagawa Prefecture), Japan, but this locality is not mentioned in the protologue. 

Sargassum gracile J. Agardh 

Sargassum gracile J. Agardh, 1848:310 [syntype localities: "in Oceano 

Indico ad Javam" and "inter Borneo et Sumatram," Indonesia].—Dickie, 

1876a:243.—Grunow, 1916 [ 1915-1916]:5.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:162. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). Basilan 

Strait (between Mindanao and Basilan I.). 

Sargassum granuliferum C. Agardh 

Sargassum granuliferum C. Agardh, 1820b:31 [type locality: "In mari Indico?"].—De Leon, Eufemio, and Pineda, 1963:82 (table 1).—Trono 

and Fortes, 1980:68.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Trono and Fortes, 

1982:147. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Sargassum hemiphyllum (Turner) C. Agardh 

Fucus hemiphyllus Turner, 1811:85, pi. 169 [type locality: Nagasaki, Japan]. 

Sargassum hemiphyllum (Turner) C. Agardh, 1820b:39.—Montagne, 

1844a:661 [with query].—Sulit and San Juan, 1955:48 (table 1), pi. 2: 

fig. 2.—Domantay, 1962:285.—Manapat, 1969:37.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:162.—Cordero, 1976c:23.—Trono and Fortes, 

1980:68.—Cordero, 198 lc:406.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Trono 

and Fortes, 1982:147.—Cordero, 1984c:53. 
NUMBER 27 85 

Spongocarpus hemiphyllus (Turner) Kutzing, 1849:632.—Martens, 

1868:80-81.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:163. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan. MASBATE. SAMAR: Western Samar, Eastern Samar. 

PANAY: Iloilo. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Sargassum heterocystum Montagne 

Sargassum heterocystum Montagne, 1842d:250 [type locality: "In mari 

chinensi Cochinchinam alluente" (Vietnam)].—Grunow, 1915 [1915-

1916]:409. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

*Sargassum hombronianum Montagne var.? manilense 

(Grunow) Grunow 

Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh var. manilense Grunow in Piccone, 

1886:44, 90 ["manilensis"] [type locality: Cavite Prov., Luzon].—De 

Toni, 1895b: 104. 

Sargassum hombronianum Montagne var.? manilense (Grunow) Grunow, 

1916 [1915-1916]:8 ["manilensis"]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh 

Fucus ilicifolius Turner, 1808:113, pi. 51 [type locality: Sunda Strait, 

Indonesia]. 

Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh, 1820b: 11.—Dickie, 1874a: 190; 

1876a:243.—Piccone, 1886:45, 90.—De Leon, Eufemio, and Pineda, 

1963:82 (table 1).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:162.—Trono 

and Fortes, 1980:68.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Trono and Fortes, 

1982:148. 

Carpacanthus ilicifolius (Turner) Kutzing, 1849:625.—Martens, 1868:27, 

78-79.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:130. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Manila, Cavite. MINDORO. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

*Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh 

f. benkulense Grunow 

Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh f. benkulense Grunow, 1915 

[1915—19I6]:407 ["benkulensis"] [syntype localities: Pulau Tikus near 

Bengkulu, Sumatra; Manila, Luzon]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh 

var. compactum (Bory de Saint-Vincent) Grunow 

Sargassum compactum Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1828 [1826-1829]: 126 [type 

locality: Concepcion, Chile]. 

Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh var. compactum (Bory de SaintVincent) Grunow, 1915 [1915-1916]:405. 

Carpacanthus spinulosus [misapplied name fide Grunow, I.e.].—Martens, 

1868:27, 78-79 [in part].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:130 [in 

part]. 

Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh 

var.? pseudospinulosum Grunow 

Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh var.? pseudospinulosum Grunow, 

1915 [1915-1916]:403 ["pseudospinulosa"] [type locality: near Atapupu 

Timor, Indonesia]. 

Carpacanthus spinulosus [misapplied name fide Grunow, I.e.].—Martens, 

1868:27, 78-79 [in part].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:130 [in 

part]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Manila. 

NOTE.—I n view of the fact that Grunow (1915 [1915-

1916]:399) attributed Carpacanthus spinulosus Kutzing (as 

Sargassum hystrix var. spinulosus) solely to the West Indies, 

it appears that he intended to include in S. ilicifolium var.? 

pseudospinulosum the Martens record of C. spinulosus from 

Manila as well as the one from Timor, even though he cited 

only the latter locality. 

Sargassum latifolium (Turner) C. Agardh 

Fucus latifolius Turner, 1809:66, pi. 94 [type locality: Red Sea]. 

Sargassum latifolium (Turner) C. Agardh, 1820b: 13.—Dickie, 1876a: 

243.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:162. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

*Sargassum microcystum J. Agardh 

Sargassum microcystum]. Agardh, 1848:323 [syntype localities: Singapore; 

Moluccas; Manila, Luzon]. 

Carpacanthus microcystis (J. Agardh) Martens, 1868:28, 78-79 [including 

Philippine record].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:130. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Manila. MINDANAO: 

Zamboanga. 

*Sargassum microcystum J. Agardh f. luzonense Grunow 

Sargassum microcystum J. Agardh f. luzonense Grunow, 1915 [1915— 

1916]:413 ["luzonensis"] [type locality: near Manila, Luzon]. 

Sargassum carpophyllum [misapplied name fide Grunow, 1915 [1915-

1916]:413].—Grunow, 1867:56. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

*Sargassum microcystum J. Agardh var. microtis Grunow 

Sargassum microcystum J. Agardh var. microtis Grunow, 1915 [1915 -

1916]:414 [syntype localities: Java; Basilan Strait (between Mindanao 

and Basilan I.)]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Basilan Strait. 

Sargassum microphyllum C. Agardh 

Sargassum microphyllum C. Agardh, 1820b:33 [type locality: "In India 

orientali"].—Grunow, 1915 [ 1915-1916]:446. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Manila. PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 
86 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Sargassum miyabei Yendo 

Sargassum miyabei Yendo, 1907:112, pi. XIV: figs. 13, 14 [lectotype 

locality: Cape Soya, Hokkaido, Japan fide Yoshida, 1978:122]. 

Sargassum kjellmanianum Yendo, 1907:102, pi. XV: figs. 1-4 [lectotype 

locality: Takashima, Hokkaido, Japan fide Yoshida, 1978:122].—Sulit 

and San Juan, 1955:48 (table 1).—Domantay, 1962:285.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:162. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Yoshida (1978). 

Sargassum myriocystum J. Agardh 

Sargassum myriocystum J. Agardh, 1848:314 [syntype localities: Jakarta, 

Java, Indonesia; China; India].—Grunow, 1915 [ 1915-1916]:440. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

*Sargassum myriocystum J. Agardh var. euryphyllum 

(Grunow) Grunow 

Sargassum polycystum J. Agardh var. euryphyllum Grunow in Piccone, 

1886:44, 90 ["euryphylla"] [type locality: Ticao I., Masbate Prov.].—De 

Toni, 1895b: 104. 

Sargassum myriocystum]. Agardh var. euryphyllum (Grunow) Grunow, 1915 

[\9\5-l9l6]A40 ["euryphylla"]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

1975:162.—Cordero, 1976c:24 [S. nigrifolium prox.]; 1981c:406.— 

Guzman, 1981:43, 51.—Cordero, 1984c:53. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan. MASBATE. SAMAR: Western Samar. PANAY: Iloilo. PALAWAN. 

Sargassum oligocystum Montagne 

Sargassum oligocystum Montagne, 1845:67-69 [type locality: Lampung 

Bay, Sumatra, Indonesia]. 

Sargassum binderi Sonder in J. Agardh, 1848:328 [syntype localities: Sunda 

Strait and Java, Indonesia; China Sea].—Piccone, 1886:47, 90.—De 

Toni, 1895b:47.—De Leon, Eufemio, and Pineda, 1963:82 (table 1).— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:162.—Cordero, 1976c:22. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan, Cavite. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Womersley and 

Bailey (1970:299). 

*Sargassum oligocystum Montagne var.? bemardinum 

Grunow 

Sargassum oligocystum Montagne var.? bemardinum Grunow, 1915 [1915-

1916]:386 ["bernardina"] [type locality: "in freto Bernardino" (San Bernardino Strait between Sorsogon Prov., Luzon, and Northern Samar 

Prov.)]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Sargassum natans (Linnaeus) Gaillon 

Fucus natans Linnaeus, 1753:1160 [type locality: "in Pelago libere 

natans"].—M. Blanco, 1845:579; 1879:259.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:144. 

Sargassum natans (Linnaeus) Gaillon, 1828:355. 

Fucus bacciferus Turner, 1802:xxxii, 55 [superfluous name]. 

Sargassum bacciferum C. Agardh, 1820b:6.—Montagne, 1844a:660.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:162. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos. 

NOTE.—Fucus bacciferus Turner, the intended basionym 

of Sargassum bacciferum, is a superfluous and hence illegitimate name since F. natans was cited as a synonym in the 

protologue. In the first edition of Flora de Filipinas, M. 

Blanco (1837:839) described this entity as a new species, 

Fucus denticulatus (a name used previously for four different 

species!). Martens (1868:45) pointed out that Blanco's description fits various species of Sargassum. In the absence of 

authentic specimens, no definitive placement can be made. 

Montagne's record, on the other hand, is documented by 

extant collections (Cuming 2251, presumably at PC and 

possibly other herbaria) and could be re-evaluated. 

* Sargassum oligocystum Montagne var.? subflexuosum 

Grunow 

Sargassum oligocystum Montagne var.? subflexuosum Grunow, 1915:385 

["subflexuosa"] [syntype localities: "Fretum Bemardinum, Macassar"]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—San Bernardino Strait between Sorsogon Prov., Luzon, and Northern Samar Prov. 

TAXON OF UNCERTAIN VALUE 

The following infraspecific taxon is probably related to 

Sargassum oligocystum, but has not been formally transferred 

to it. 

Sargassum binderi Sonder var. vitiense (Grunow) Grunow 

Sargassum echinocarpum J. Agardh var. vitiense Grunow, 1874:28 [type 

locality: Ovalau I., Fiji]. 

Sargassum binderi Sonder var. vitiense (Grunow) Grunow in Askenasy, 

1888:28.—Piccone, 1889:31, 59. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Sargassum nigrifolium Yendo 

Sargassum nigrifolium Yendo, 1907:127, pi. XVI: figs. 1-3 [lectotype 

locality: Misaki, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan fide Yoshida, 1980: 

104].—Sulit and San Juan, 1955:48 (table 1), pi. 3.—Domantay, 

1962:286.—Manapat, 1969:38.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

Sargassum oocyste J. Agardh 

Sargassum oocyste]. Agardh, 1848:97 [syntype localities: Chile; Moluccas, 

Indonesia].—Grunow, 1915 [1915-19I6]:437. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON. 
NUMBER 27 87 

*Sargassum oocyste J. Agardh var. bemardinum Grunow 

Sargassum oocyste J. Agardh var. bemardinum Grunow, 1915 [1915-

1916]:437 ["bernardina"] [type locality: "in freto Bernardino" (San Bernardino Strait between Sorsogon Prov., Luzon, and Northern Samar 

Prov.)]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Sargassum paniculatum J. Agardh 

Sargassum paniculatum J. Agardh, 1848:315 [type locality: "in mari Indico"].—Cordero, 1976c:24, fig. N.—Ang, 1984:548; 1985a:231; 

1985b:294; 1985c:52. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Batangas. 

Sargassum parvifolium (Turner) C. Agardh 

Fucus parvifolius Turner, 1819 [ 1815-1819]:33, pi. 221 [type locality: not 

specified]. 

Sargassum parvifolium (Turner) C. Agardh, 1820b:30.—Dickie, 1876a: 

243.—Grunow, 1916 [1915-1916]: 13.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:163. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Sargassum patens C. Agardh var. schizophyllum (Kutzing) 

Yendo 

Halochloa schizophylla Kutzing, 1843a:56 [type locality: Japan]. 

Sargassum patens C. Agardh var. schizophyllum (Kutzing) Yendo, 

1905a: 155 ["schizophylla"].—Sulit and San Juan, 1955: table 1. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

*Sargassum philippinense Grunow 

Sargassum philippinense Grunow, 1916 [1915-1916]: 166 [type locality: 

"in freto Bernardino" (San Bernardino Strait between Sorsogon Prov., 

Luzon, and Northern Samar Prov.)]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Sargassum piluliferum (Turner) C. Agardh 

Fucus pilulifer Turner, 1808:145, pi. 65 [type locality: Nagasaki, Japan]. 

Sargassum piluliferum (Turner) C. Agardh, 1820b:27.—Manapat, 1969: 

38.—Cordero, 1981c:407; 1984c:54. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MASBATE. SAMAR: Western 

Samar. PANAY: Iloilo. CEBU (Mactan I.). PALAWAN. 

Sargassum polyceratium Montagne 

Sargassum polyceratium Montagne, 1837:356 [type locality: La Habana, 

Cuba].—Velasquez et al., 1973:22, pi. 8: fig. 41.—Hamoy and Garciano, 1975:71.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Bataan. CENTRAL VISAYAS. CEBU. 

Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh 

Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh, 1824:304 [type locality: Sunda Strait, 

Indonesia].—Montagne, 1844a:661.—Martens, 1868:72-73.—Dickie, 

1874a: 190.—De Toni, 1895b: 103.—Howe, 1932:170.—Zaneveld, 

1952:132; 1956:19; 1959:102.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975: 

163.—Trono, 1976:219; 1978:12.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:13.— 

Fortes and Trono, 1980:61.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:68.—Trono and 

Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:49, fig. [s.n.].—Chan, 1981:385.—GanzonFortes, 1981:21.—Laserna et al., 1981:447.—Trono and De Lara, 

1981:9, pi. VI: fig. 3.—Laserna et al., 1982:52.—Trono and Ang, 

1982:15.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:148. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), MARINDUQUE. NEGROS: Negros Occidental. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). 

Sargassum pteropleuron Grunow 

Sargassum pteropleuron Grunow, 1867:55, pi. V: fig. 1 [type locality: 

Nassau, New Providence I., Bahama Is.].—Menez and Calumpong, 

1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Sargassum sagamianum Yendo 

Sargassum sagamianum Yendo, 1907:151, pi. XVII: figs. 6-10 [lectotype 

locality: Oosashi, Mie Prefecture, Japan fide Yoshida, 1980:105, pi. VII: 

fig. 13].—Domantay, 1962:274.—Manapat, 1969:37. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Sargassum sandei Reinbold 

Sargassum sandei Reinbold in Weber-van Bosse, 1913a:158, fig. 47, pi. 

IV: figs. 1, 2 [type locality: Flores, Indonesia].—Taylor, 1966b:357.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:163. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.-

doro. 

-MINDORO: Oriental MinSargassum serratifolium (C. Agardh) C. Agardh 

Fucus serratifolius C. Agardh, 1815:41 [type locality: "prope Satsuma," 

Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan]. 

Sargassum serratifolium (C. Agardh) C. Agardh, 1820b: 16.—Sulit and San 

Juan, 1955:48 (table 1), pi. 1: fig. 2.—Domantay, 1962:285.—Manapat, 

1969:37, 38.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:163.—Trono and 

Fortes, 1980:68.—Cordero, 198 lc:407.—Trono and Fortes, 1982: 

148.—Cordero, 1984c:53. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan. MASBATE. SAMAR: Western Samar, Eastern Samar. 

PANAY: Iloilo. CEBU (Mactan I.). PALAWAN. 

Sargassum siliquosum J. Agardh 

Sargassum siliquosum ]. Agardh, 1848:316 [syntype localities: Singapore; 

Jakarta, Java, Indonesia].—Piccone, 1886:45, 90.—De Toni, 

1895b: 107.—Seale, 1911:309.—Wester, 1916:159; 1921:224; 1924: 
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

21.—Howe, 1932:170.—G. Blanco, 1938:513.—Quisumbing, 1951: 

1012.—Zaneveld, 1952:132.—Montilla and Blanco, 1953:166, fig. 5: 

6 ["siliguisum"].—Sulit and San Juan, 1955:48 (table 1), pi. 1: fig. 1.— 

Zaneveld, 1956:20; 1959:102.—De Leon, Eufemio, and Pineda, 

1963:82 (table 1).—Manapat, 1969:37.—Bersamin et al., 1973:188.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:163.—Cordero, 1976c:24.—Trono 

and Fortes, 1980:68.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Trono and Fortes, 

1982:148.—Ang, 1984:548; 1985a:231; 1985b:294; 1985c:52. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, Pangasinan, 

Cavite, Batangas. MASBATE (Ticao I.), NEGROS: Negros Occidental. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

*Sargassum siliquosum J. Agardh var.? basilanicum 

Grunow 

Sargassum siliquosum J. Agardh var.? basilanicum Grunow, 1916 [1915-

1916]: 175 ["basilanica"] [type locality: Basilan Strait (between Mindanao 

and Basilan I.)]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

*Sargassum siliquosum J. Agardh var. bicornutum 

Grunow 

Sargassum siliquosum J. Agardh var. bicornutum Grunow, 1916 [1915-

1916]: 175 ["bicornuta"] [syntype localities: China Sea; Ticao I., Masbate 

Prov.]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MASBATE (Ticao I.). 

*Sargassum siliquosum J. Agardh var. manipaense 

Grunow 

Sargassum siliquosum J. Agardh var. manipaense Grunow, 1916 [1915— 

1916]: 175 ["manipaensis"] [syntype localities: "ad insulas Philippinas, 

Manipa"]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Sargassum spinifex C. Agardh 

Sargassum spinifex C. Agardh, 1820b:29 [type locality: "In mari 

Chinensi"].—Bailey and Harvey, 1862:173.—Quisumbing, 

1951:1012.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:163. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). MINDANAO. 

Sargassum subspathulatum (Grunow) Grunow 

Sargassum pulchellum Grunow var. subspathulatum Grunow in Askenasy, 

1888:25, pi. VI: figs. 5, 6 [including Philippine record] [type locality: 

MacCluer Gulf (Berau Bay), Irian Barat, Indonesia]. 

Sargassum subspathulatum (Grunow) Grunow, 1916 [1915-1916]: 10. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Sargassum tenerrimum J. Agardh 

Sargassum tenerrimum J. Agardh, 1848:305 [type locality: Bombay, 

India].—Cordero, 1976c:25 [S. tenerrimum prox.]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Sargassum vulgare C. Agardh 

Fucus salicifolius S.G. Gmelin, 1768:98 [syntype localities: "Mare americanum?"; Sea of Marmara, Turkey]. 

Sargassum vulgare C. Agardh, 1820b:3 [superfluous name].—Montagne, 

1846a:40.—Martens, 1868:74-75.—Westernhagen, 1973a:66.—Rivera, 1974:108.—Westernhagen, 1974:113 (table I).—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:163. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Manila, CEBU (incl. 

Mactan I.). 

NOTE.—Th e name Sargassum vulgare is traditionally 

given to a common species of the tropical Atlantic Ocean 

(e.g., Taylor, 1960:272). At the time of its publication, 

however, this name was superfluous and hence illegitimate, 

since the species to which it was applied included Fucus 

salicifolius S.G. Gmelin 1768, which may or may not prove 

to be conspecific with S. vulgare as traditionally interpreted. 

Future research will undoubtedly turn up a taxonomic 

synonym that can serve as the correct name. 

Sargassum vulgare C. Agardh var. indicum C. Agardh 

Sargassum vulgare C. Agardh var. indicum C. Agardh, 1820b:4 [type 

locality: "E mari Indico"].—Montagne, 1846a:40. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Manila. 

Sargassum yendoi Okamura and Yamada 

Sargassum yendoi Okamura and Yamada in Yamada, 1938b:121, figs. 1, 

2, pis. 21, 22 [syntype localities: various, all in Japan].—Domantay, 

1962:287.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:163. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Turbinaria Lamouroux 

Turbinaria condensata Sonder 

Turbinaria condensata Sonder in Kutzing, 1860:25, pi. 69: fig. II [type 

locality: "In mari chinensi"].—Taylor, 1964:482, pi. 2: figs. 18-28.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:165.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:67; 

1982:148. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. MINDANAO: Surigao. BASILAN. 

Turbinaria conoides (J. Agardh) Kutzing 

Turbinaria vulgaris J. Agardh var. conoides ]. Agardh, 1848:267 [syntype 

localities: India; China; Sri Lanka; Western Australia, Australia]. 
NUMBER 27 89 

Turbinaria conoides (J. Agardh) Kutzing, 1860:24, pi. 66: fig. II.—Howe, 

1932:169.—Zaneveld, 1952:133; 1956:22; 1959:104.—Domantay! 

1962:287.—Taylor, 1964:480, pi. 2: figs. 1-8 [var. conoides]; 

1966b:358.—Trono, 1972a:100; 1973d: 12.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:165.—Trono, 1976:218.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:98.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:33, pi. X: fig. 4 [var. conoides].—Trono and Fortes, 

1980:67.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:55, fig. [s.n.].—GanzonFortes, 1981:21.—Laserna et al., 1981:447.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:382.—Laserna et al., 1982:52.—Luistro, Cajipe, and Laserna, 

1982:46.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:148. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan, Batangas, Quezon (incl. Polillo Is.), Sorsogon. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. PANAY. CEBU (incl. Mactan I.). 

SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. BASILAN. PALAWAN (incl. 

Balabac I.), SULU: Tawitawi. 

*Turbinaria conoides (J. Agardh) Kutzing 

f. laticuspidata W.R. Taylor 

Turbinaria conoides (J. Agardh) Kutzing f. laticuspidata W.R. Taylor, 

1964:481, pi. 2: figs. 9-12 [type locality: Cebu I.].—Trono, 1972a:100. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Surigao. PALAWAN, SULU: Tawitawi. 

*Turbinaria conoides (J. Agardh) Kutzing f. retroflexa 

W.R. Taylor 

Turbinaria conoides (J. Agardh) Kutzing f. retroflexa W.R. Taylor, 

1964:481 [intended type locality: Tandayong I., Pangasinan Prov., 

Luzon]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. NEGROS: Negros Occidental 

NOTE.—The name of this form is invalid because the 

protologue lacks an illustration in contravention of Article 

39 of the ICBN. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO. 

NOTE.—According to J. Agardh (1848:266, 267) and 

Barton (1891:217, 219), Turbinata denudata as originally 

proposed by Bory de Saint-Vincent included specimens 

referable to T. ornata (Turner) J. Agardh and T. conoides 

(J. Agardh) Kutzing. Bory de Saint-Vincent also included 

material from the West Indies that probably is referable to 

T. turbinata (Linnaeus) Kuntze, the commonest Turbinaria 

in that region. Turbinaria denudata should be lectotypified 

on the basis of authentic specimens at PC. Depending on 

the specimen chosen, T. denudata would become a synonym 

of T. turbinata or displace either T. ornata or T. conoides. 

Taylor (1964; 1966a) did not mention T. denudata. 

Turbinaria filamentosa Yamada 

Turbinaria filamentosa Yamada, 1925b:243, fig. I [type locality: Garan-bi 

(O-luan), Taiwan].—Cordero, 1976c:25, fig. O. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

*Turbinaria luzonensis W.R. Taylor 

Turbinaria luzonensis W.R. Taylor, 1964:482, pi. 2: figs. 13-17. [type 

locality: Mulanay, Quezon Prov., Luzon].—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty. 1975:166. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Quezon. 

Turbinaria murrayana Barton 

Turbinaria murrayana Barton, 1891:218, pi. LIV (54): fig. 2 [syntype 

localities: New Guinea; Macassar, Celebes, Indonesia].—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Turbinaria decurrens Bory de Saint-Vincent 

Turbinaria decurrens Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1828 [ 1826-1829]: 119 [type 

locality: floating between the Society Is. and New Guinea].—Taylor, 

1964:477, pi. 1: figs. 22-28; 1966a:92; 1966b:358.—Kraft, 1972: 

329.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:166.—Trono, 1976: 

218.—Trono and Young, 1977:58.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:33, pi. 

X:fig. L—Trono and Fortes, 1980:67; 1982:148. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan, Albay, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. CEBU. MINDANAO: 

Misamis Oriental, Surigao del Sur, Davao. BASILAN. SULU: 

Tawitawi (Turtle Is.). 

Turbinaria denudata Bory de Saint-Vincent 

^ 

Turbinaria denudata Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1828 [1826-1829]: 117 [syntype localities: various, in the Pacific and Indian oceans and the Caribbean Sea].—Montagne, 1844a:661.—Bailey and Harvey, 1862:173.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:166. 

Turbinaria ornata (Turner) J. Agardh 

Fucus turbinatus Linnaeus var. ornatus Turner, 1808:50, pi. 24: figs. c,d 

[type locality: not specified]. 

Turbinaria ornata (Turner) J. Agardh, 1848:266.—Martens, 1868:27,47, 

76-77.—Dickie, 1874a: 190.—Zaneveld, 1952:132; 1956:21; 1959: 

103.—Agor, 1962:34.—Domantay, 1962:287.—Taylor, 1964: 

483, pi. 3: figs. 1-6 [var. ornata]; 1966a:98; 1966b:358.—Villones 

and Magdamo, 1968:27, fig. 22.—Manapat, 1969:37, 38.—Velasquez, 

1971:443, fig. 24—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:171, 175, 183.— 

Kraft, 1972:328, 329, 332.—Reyes, 1972:147.—Trono, 1972a:100.— 

Cordero, 1973b:26.—Velasquez et al., 1973:22, pi. 8: fig. 40.—Ortega, 

Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:185, 186, 188.—Hamoy and Garciano, 

1975:71—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:166.—Cordero, 

1976c:9, 26.—Trono, 1976:217; 1978:14.—Trono and Tuason, 

1978:13.—Vannajan and Trono, 1978:14, fig. 11.—Cordero, 

1979b:276.—Garcia, 1979:44 (table 1).—Puig and Cordero, 

1979:33.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:98.—Reyes, 1980:122, pi. 4: fig. 1.— 

Saraya and Trono, 1980:33.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:67.—Trono 

and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:57, fig. [s.n.].—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.— 

Laserna etal., 1981:447.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Trono 

and De Lara, 1981:10, pi. VII: fig. 3.—Laserna et al., 1982:52. 
90 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Trono and Fortes, 1982:148.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:123.—Cordero, 

1984b:62; 1984c:53.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984a:14, fig. 12.— 

Tungpalan, 1984:143. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan, 

Bataan, Cavite, Batangas, Quezon, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. MASBATE. LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

PANAY: Aklan, Antique (Panagatan Cays). NEGROS: Negros 

Oriental, CEBU (incl. Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Davao. BASILAN. PALAWAN (incl. Culion I., Balabac 

I.), SULU: Sulu, Tawitawi (Cagayan Sulu I.). 

Turbinaria ornata (Turner) J. Agardh 

f. evesiculosa (Barton) W.R. Taylor 

Turbinaria conoides (J. Agardh) Kutzing var. evesiculosa Barton, 1891:217 

[type locality: Edam (Damar Besar) I./Enkhuizen shoal, near Jakarta, 

Java, Indonesia]. 

Turbinaria ornata (Turner) J. Agardh f. evesiculosa (Barton) W.R. Taylor, 

1964:485.—Trono, 1973d:12, pi. 7: fig. 28. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. CEBU. 

Turbinaria trialata (J. Agardh) Kutzing 

Turbinaria vulgaris]. Agardh var. trialata]. Agardh, 1848:268 [syntype 

localities: Brazil; West Indies]. 

Turbinaria trialata (J. Agardh) Kutzing, 1860:24, pi. 67.—Domantay, 

1962:287.—De Leon, Eufemio, and Pineda, 1963:82 (table 1).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:166.—Cordero, 1979b:286.—Trono and 

Fortes, 1980:67; 1982:148.—Cordero, 1984b:62; 1984c:53.—MarcosAgngarayngay, 1984a: 16, fig. 13.—Tungpalan, 1984:143. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan. MASBATE. PANAY: Aklan. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

PALAWAN. 

Turbinaria trialata (J. Agardh) Kutzing var. capensis 

Kutzing 

Turbinaria trialata (J. Agardh) Kutzing var. capensis Kutzing, 1860:24, pi. 

67: fig. II [type locality: "Caput bonae spei" (Cape of Good Hope, South 

Africa)].—Mefiez, 1961:68. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Turbinaria turbinata (Linnaeus) Kuntze 

Fucus turbinatus Linnaeus, 1753:1160 [type locality: "in Americae rupibus 

marinis" (Jamaica fide Howe, 1920:591)]. 

Turbinaria turbinata (Linnaeus) Kuntze, 1898:434.—Mefiez, 1961:68.— 

Westernhagen, 1973a:66; 1974:113 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:166.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:67; 1982:148.—Cordero, 

1984b:62. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. CEBU 

(Mactan I.). PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—According to Taylor (1964:476), T. turbinata is 

an Atlantic-Caribbean species. 

Turbinaria vulgaris J. Agardh 

Turbinaria vulgaris ]. Agardh, 1848:267 [type locality: floating between 

the Society Is. and New Guinea].—Dickie, 1876a:243, 244.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:166. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

NOTE.—Turbinaria vulgaris is a name used by J. Agardh 

to encompass four varieties, namely, a conoides, /3 decurrens, 

y triquetra, and 5 trialata. All but var. decurrens were newly 

described and were subsequently elevated to specific rank. 

Var. decurrens, however, was based on T. decurrens Bory de 

Saint-Vincent, so that according to the ICBN, T. vulgaris is 

a superfluous name (Article 63.1) and is automatically typified by the type of T. decurrens (Article 7.11). To which of 

the four component species the Dickie records should be 

referred can be determined only from an examination of 

the specimens. 
Class CHLOROPHYCEAE 

Order CTENOCLADALES 

Family ULVELLACEAE 

Phaeophila Hauck 

Phaeophila dendroides (P. Crouan and H. Crouan) 

Batters 

Ochlochaete dendroides P. Crouan and H. Crouan, 1852:no. 346 [type 

locality: Brest, Finistere, France]. 

Phaeophila dendroides (P. Crouan and H. Crouan) Batters, 1902:13.— 

Tanaka, 1967:13, fig. 1.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:159. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (Babuyan 

Is.). 

Order ULVALES 

Enteromorpha chaetomorphoides B#rgesen 

Enteromorpha chaetomorphoides B^rgesen, 1911:149, fig. 12 [type locality: 

St. Thomas, Virgin Is.].—Fortes and Trono, 1980:55.—Fortes, 

1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Enteromorpha clathrata (Roth) Greville 

Conferva clathrata Roth, 1806:175 [type locality: Baltic Sea, Germany]. 

Enteromorpha clathrata (Roth) Greville, 1830:lxvi, 181.—Trono, 1973b: 

213.—Velasquez et al., 1973:9, pi. 1: fig. 3.—Trono, 1975:25.— 

Cordero, 1976c:10; 1977b:19, pi. I: figs. 1, 2.—Reyes, 1978:146, pi. 3: 

figs. 2-5.—Calumpong, 1980:143 (table 3).—Puig and Cordero, 

1979:18.—Cordero, 1980b: 16, fig. 1A.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:96.— 

Trono and De Lara, 1981:2, pi. I: fig. 2.—Calumpong, 1982:145. 

Family MONOSTROMATACEAE 

Monostroma Thuret 

Monostroma latissimum Wittrock 

Monostroma latissimum Wittrock, 1866:33, pi. 1: fig. 4 [syntype localities: 

various, including Europe, North Africa, and New Zealand].—Taylor, 

1966b:343.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:154. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN. 

Monostroma nitidum Wittrock 

Monostroma nitidum Wittrock, 1866:41, pi. II: fig. 7 [syntype localities: 

Tonga; China].—Gilbert, 1961:415.—Trono, 1973c:5.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:154.—Cordero, 1980b: 19, pi. 4.—Trono and 

Fortes, 1980:66.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN. 

Family ULVACEAE 

Enteromorpha Link 

The taxonomic arrangement of the species of this genus 

follows that proposed by Bliding (1963). 

Enteromorpha aragoensis Bliding 

Enteromorpha aragoensis Bliding, 1960:174, fig. 2 [syntype localities: various, in Atlantic France and Mediterranean Sea],—Gilbert and Doty, 

1969:121.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:142. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Quezon. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Batangas, Sorsogon. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro 

(Lubang Is.), LEYTE (Biliran I.), NEGROS: Negros Oriental 

(incl. Apo I.), CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. BOHOL. SULU: Sulu 

(Siasi I.). 

NOTE.—J. Agardh (1883:153) is traditionally accredited 

with the combination Enteromorpha clathrata, but in fact it 

was first made by Greville. 

Enteromorpha compressa (Linnaeus) Nees 

Ulva compressa Linnaeus, 1753:1163 [type locality: Europe]. 

Enteromorpha compressa (Linnaeus) Nees, 1820: Index [2].—Galutira and 

Velasquez, 1964:494, pi. 1: fig. 2; pi. 6: fig. 20.—Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:173, pi. 1: fig. 7.—Velasquez, 1972:63.—Westernhagen, 

1973a:64; 1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:142.—Cordero, 1976c:9; 1977b:20.—Vannajan and Trono, 

1977:39.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:18.—Velasquez, 1979b:230.— 

Cordero, 1980b:17, pi. 1.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:8.—Trono and 

Fortes, 1980:65.—Chan, 1981:387.—Fortes, 198lb:396.—GanzonFortes, 1981:21.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Calumpong, 

1982:145.—Cordero, 1982a:60, fig. 1.—Trono and Fortes, 

1982:145.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:104.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 

1983:146.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:66, fig. 4.—Cordero, 

1984a:70.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:179.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 

1984b:l 19. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Manila, Batangas. SAMAR: Eastern 

Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros 

Occidental (incl. Ilacaon I.), Negros Oriental, CEBU (incl. 

Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Surigao del Sur. 

NOTE.—Either Link (1820:5) or Greville (1830:lxvi, 180) 

is traditionally accredited with having first made the combination Enteromorpha compressa, but in fact it was Nees 

91 
92 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

who did so in the index that he prepared for the collective 

work in which Link's article was published. 

Enteromorpha flexuosa (Wulfen) J. Agardh 

Conferva flexuosa Roth, 1800b: 188 [type locality: Trieste, Italy]. 

Ulva flexuosa Wulfen, 1803:1. 

Enteromorpha flexuosa (Wulfen) J. Agardh, 1883:126 [including subsp. 

flexuosa].—Piccone, 1886:25, 89.—Gilbert, 1946:77; 1961:414.—Taylor, 1966b:343.—Gilbert and Doty, 1969:121, fig. 1.—Cornejo and 

Velasquez, 1972:173, pi. 4: fig. 30.—Trono, 1973b:213; 1975:25.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:142.—Vannajan and Trono, 

1977:39, fig. 15.—Carumbana and Luchavez, 1980:189. 

Enteromorpha intestinalis (Linnaeus) Link var. tubulosa Kutzing, 1845:247 

[type locality: fresh water, Germany]. 

Enteromorpha tubulosa (Kutzing) Kutzing, 1856:11, pi. 32: fig. II.—Sulit, 

Navarro, and San Juan, 1952:170 (table 5).—Rabanal and Montalban, 

1953:143.—Villadolid and Villaluz, 1953:5-10.—Villaluz, 1953:103. 

—Gilbert, 1961:415.—Rabanal and Montalban, 1961:4.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:142.—Vannajan and Trono, 1977: 

39.—Trono and Ang, 1982:3. 

Enteromorpha intestinalis (Linnaeus) Link f. tubulosa (Kutzing) V.J. Chapman, 1937:229.—Reyes, 1972:138. 

Enteromorpha intermedia Bliding, 1955:262, figs. 1-5 [syntype localities: 

various in northern Europe; USA].—Gilbert and Doty, 1969:121, fig. 

2.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:142. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Ilocos Sur, Rizal, Manila, Batangas, Quezon, Sorsogon. 

MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MASBATE (Ticao I.), NEGROS: Negros Oriental. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. BASILAN. PALAWAN (incl. Balabac I., 

Bugsuk I., Cuyo I.). SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

NOTE.—Conferva flexuosa Roth, the intended basionym 

of Enteromorpha flexuosa, is a later homonym of C. flexuosa 

O.F. Miiller (1782:5, pi. 882) and hence not priorable. Ulva 

flexuosa Wulfen is treated as a nomen novum in accordance 

with Article 72, Note 1, of the ICBN. 

Enteromorpha flexuosa (Wulfen) J. Agardh 

subsp. paradoxa (C. Agardh) Bliding 

Conferva paradoxa Dillwyn, 1809 [1802-1809]:70, suppl. pi. F [syntype 

localities: Bangor, Wales; Brighton, England], 

Ulva paradoxa C. Agardh, 1817:xxn. 

Enteromorpha flexuosa (Wulfen) J. Agardh subsp. paradoxa (C. Agardh) 

Bliding, 1963:79, figs. 42-45 . 

Scytosiphon erectus Lyngbye, 1819:65, pi. 15:C [type locality: Norway]. 

Enteromorpha erecta (Lyngbye) Carmichael in W. Hooker, 1833:314.— 

Gilbert, 1961:414.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:142. 

Enteromorpha plumosa Kutzing, 1843b:300, pi. 20:1 [type locality: Trieste, 

Italy],—Gilbert, 1961:415.—Galutira and Velasquez, 1964:494, pi. 1: 

figs. la-c;pl. 6: fig. 19.—Velasquez, 1972:63.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:142.—Velasquez, 1979b:230.—Trono and Fortes, 1980: 

65.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Cordero, 1982a:60.—Trono and 

Fortes, 1982:146. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Bulacan, Rizal. 

NOTE.—Conferva paradoxa Dillwyn, the intended basionym of Enteromorpha flexuosa subsp. paradoxa, is a later 

homonym of C. paradoxa Roth (1806:172) and hence not 

priorable. Ulva paradoxa C. Agardh is treated as a nomen 

novum in accordance with Article 72, Note 1, of the ICBN. 

Enteromorpha flexuosa (Wulfen) J. Agardh 

f. submarina Collins and Hervey 

Enteromorpha flexuosa (Wulfen) J. Agardh f. submarina Collins and Hervey, 

1917:34 [type locality: Bermuda].—Taylor, 1966b:343. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Rizal. 

Enteromorpha intestinalis (Linnaeus) Nees 

Ulva intestinalis Linnaeus, 1753:1163 [type locality: "in Mari omni"].—M. 

Blanco, 1837:842; 1845:582; 1879:262.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:167. 

Enteromorpha intestinalis (Linnaeus) Nees, 1820, Index [2].—Martens, 

1868:47, 60-61.—Seale, 1911:309.—Wester, 1916:158.—Merrill, 

1918:39.—Wester, 1921:224; 1924:21.—G. Blanco, 1938:512.—Gilbert, 1946:77.—Zaneveld, 1950:113.—Quisumbing, 1951:1009.— 

Montilla and Blanco, 1953:166.—Rabanal and Montalban, 1953:143.— 

Rabanal et al., 1953:156.—Velasquez, 1953a: 100.—Zaneveld, 

1956:11; 1959:97.—Gilbert, 1961:415.—Rabanal and Montalban, 

1961:4—Villones and Magdamo, 1968:25, fig. 12.—Velasquez, 

1971:431, fig. 5—Reyes, 1972:137.—Trono, 1973c:3, fig. 17.—Velasquez et al., 1973:9, pi. 1: fig. 2.—Westernhagen, 1973a:64; 1974:112 

(table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:142.—Vannajan and 

Trono, 1977:38, fig. 16.—Reyes, 1978:146, 162, pi. 3: fig. 1.—Puig 

and Cordero, 1979:18.—Carumbana and Luchavez, 1980:189.—Cordero, 1980b:18, pi. 2.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:96.—Trono and Fortes, 

1980:65.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:5, fig. [s.n].—Fortes, 

1981b:396.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:382.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:1, pi. I: fig. 1.—Calumpong, 

1982:145.—Cordero, 1982a:60.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:146.— 

Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:105.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:146.— 

Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:69, fig. 5.—Cordero, 1984a:70.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984b: 120.—Tungpalan, 1984:144. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Rizal, Manila, 

Cavite, Batangas, Quezon, MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro 

(Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. LEYTE (Biliran I.). NEGROS: 

Negros Oriental (incl. Apo I.), CEBU (Mactan I.). SIQUIJOR. 

NOTE.—Either Link (1820:5) or Greville (1830:lxvi, 179) 

is traditionally accredited with having first made the combination Enteromorpha intestinalis, but in fact it was Nees 

who did so in the index that he prepared for the collective 

work in which Link's article was published. 

Enteromorpha kylinii Bliding 

Enteromorpha kylinii Bliding, 1948:199, figs. 1-3 ["kylini"] [type locality: 

Kristineberg, Sweden].—Trono, 1973b:213; 1973c:4. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 
NUMBER 27 93 

Enteromorpha Ungulata J. Agardh 

Enteromorpha Ungulata J. Agardh, 1883:143 [syntype localities: North 

Atlantic; Gulf of Mexico; New Zealand; Tasmania].—Howe, 

1932:169.—Gilbert, 1946:77; 1961:415.—Taylor, 1966b:343.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:142.—Cordero, 1976c: 10; 

1977b:20.—Vannajan and Trono, 1977:38, fig. 14.—Cordero, 

1980b: 18, pi. 3.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:65.—Chan, 1981:387, 

389.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21—Trono and Fortes, 1982:146. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan, Rizal, Manila, Quezon. 

PANAY. BASILAN. 

Enteromorpha prolifera (O.F. Miiller) J. Agardh 

Ulva prolifera O.F. Miiller, 1778:7, pi. 763(1) [type locality: Denmark]. 

Enteromorpha prolifera (O.F. Miiller) J. Agardh, 1883:129.—Merrill, 

1918:39.—Gilbert, 1946:77; 1961:415.—Cordero, 1973b: 16.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:142.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:65.— 

Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:146.—Cordero, 

1984a:70. 

Enteromorpha salina Kutzing, 1845:247 [type locality: near Hildesheim, 

West Germany].—Chan, 1981:387, 389. 

Ulva compressa [misapplied name fide Collins in Merrill, 1918:39].—M. 

Blanco, 1837:842; 1845:581; 1879:261.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:167. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Ilocos 

Sur, Pangasinan, Manila Bay, Batangas. LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

NOTE.—Martens (1868:47, 62-63) identified Blanco's 

plant as Enteromorpha complanata Kutzing var. crinita (Nees) 

Kutzing, which Bliding (1963:119) referred to E. ramulosa. 

In the absence of authentic specimens, no definitive placement can be made. 

Enteromorpha ramulosa (J.E. Smith) Carmichael 

Ulva ramulosa J.E. Smith, 1810 [1809-1810]: pi. 2137 [type locality: 

Bantry Bay, Eire]. 

Enteromorpha ramulosa (J.E. Smith) Carmichael in W. Hooker, 

1833:315.—Taylor, 1966b:343 [E. ramulosa prox.].—Gilbert and Doty, 

1969:122, fig. 3.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:142.—Fortes, 

1981b:396. 

Conferva crinita Roth, 1797:162, pi. 1: fig. 3 [type locality: near Eckwarden, Oldenburg, West Germany]. 

Enteromorpha crinita Nees, 1820: Index [2].—Martens, 1868:62-63.— 

Weber-van Bosse, 1913a:55.— Gilbert, 1946:77; 1961:414.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:142.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:8. 

Enteromorpha clathrata (Roth) Greville var. crinita (Nees) Hauck, 1885 

[1883-1885]:429.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

Enteromorpha ramulosa (J.E. Smith) Carmichael var. spinosa Kutzing, 

1845:247 [syntype localities: North Sea; Adriatic Sea]. 

Enteromorpha spinescens Kutzing, 1856:12, pi. 33: fig. III.—Taylor, 

1966b:343.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:142. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Ilocos 

Sur, Pangasinan, Rizal, Batangas. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CENTRAL VISAYAS. SULU: Sulu (Jolo I.). 

NOTE.—Conferva crinita Roth, the intended basionym of 

Enteromorpha crinita, is a later homonym of C. crinita Withering (1776:751) and hence not priorable. Enteromorpha 

crinita Nees is treated as a nomen novum in accordance 

with Article 72, Note 1, of the ICBN. In elevating E. 

ramulosa var. spinosa to the status of species, Kutzing altered 

the spelling of the epithet to spinescens. 

Ulva Linnaeus 

Ulvafasciata Delile 

Ulva fasciata Delile, 1813:297, pi. 58: fig. 5 [type locality: Alexandria, 

Egypt].—Gilbert, 1961:415.—Reyes, 1972:138.—Rivera, 1974:108.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:167.—Trono and Fortes, 1980: 

65.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Cordero, 1982a:60, 61.—Trono and 

Fortes, 1982:145. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

CEBU. SULU: Sulu (Jolo I.). 

Ulva lactuca Linnaeus 

Ulva lactuca Linnaeus, 1753:1163 [type locality: "in Oceano"].—Gilbert, 

1946:77.—Velasquez, 1949:155.—Zaneveld, 1950:113.—Montilla and 

Blanco, 1953:166.—Zaneveld, 1956:12; 1959:98.—Gilbert, 1961: 

416.—Galutira and Velasquez, 1964:495, pi. 1, fig. 3; pi. 6: fig. 21. — 

Taylor, 1966b:344.—Velasquez, 1968a: 120, fig. 3.—Villones and Magdamo, 1968:25, fig. 16.—Velasquez, 1971:431, fig. 6.—Reyes, 

1972:138.—Trono, 1972a:87, 89.—Velasquez, 1972:63.—Trono, 

1973a:127; 1973b:213; I973c:5.—Velasquez et al., 1973:9, pi. 1: fig. 

1.—Westernhagen, 1974:112 (table I).—Hamoy and Garciano, 

1975:71.—Trono, 1975:26.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:167.—Vannajan and Trono, 1977:40, fig. 12, 13.—Reyes, 

1978:146, 162, pi. 3: fig. 7.—Velasquez, 1979b:230.—Cordero, 

1980b: 19, pis. 5, [56].—Liao and Sotto, 1980:96.—Trono and Fortes, 

1980:65.—Trono, Velasquez, and Guevarra, 1980:77.—GanzonFortes, 1981:21.—Guzman, 1981:43, 50, 52.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:382.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:2, pi. I: fig. 4.—Calumpong, 

1982:145.—Cordero, 1982a:60, 61.—Luistro, Cajipe, and Laserna, 

1982:46.—Tron o and Fortes, 1982:145.—Hurtado-Ponce , 

1983:105.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:146.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:70, fig. 6.—Cordero, 1984a:71.—Hurtado-Ponce, 

1984:179.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984b: 120.—Tungpalan, 1984: 

139. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Manila Bay, Rizal, Cavite, 

Batangas, Sorsogon. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. NEGROS: Negros Occidental 

(Ilacaon I.), Negros Oriental (incl. Apo I.), CEBU (incl. 

Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. BASILAN. PALAWAN (incl. Cuyo I.). SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Ulva latissima auctorum 

Ulva latissima [misapplied name]. 

Ulva lactuca Linnaeus var. latissima [misapplied name].—Weber-van 

Bosse, 1913a:50. 
94 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Pearl 

Bank). 

NOTE.—Th e name Ulva latissima Linnaeus has traditionally been misapplied to representatives of the genus with 

very broad sheet-like fronds, whereas the type is referable 

to Laminaria saccharina (Linnaeus) Lamouroux (see Silva, 

1952a:295 and Papenfuss, 1960:303). While European records apparently are referable to Ulva gigantea (Kutzing) 

Bliding (1969:558), Weber-van Bosse's material probably 

belongs elsewhere. 

Ulva pertusa Kjellman 

Ulva pertusa Kjellman, 1897b:4, pi. 1: figs. 1-5; pi. 3: figs. 1-8 [syntype 

localities: various, all in Japan].—Domantay, 1962:281.—Reyes, 

1972:138.—Trono, 1975:26.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975: 

167.—Cordero, 1976c:9, 10; 1977b:20; 1980b:20, pi. 6.—Trono and 

Fortes, 1980:65.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Cordero, 1982a: fig. 

2.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:145.—Cordero, 1984a:71; 1984c:50.— 

Tungpalan, 1984:139. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Sorsogon. MASBATE. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, SIQUIJOR. 

Ulva reticulata Forsskal 

Ulva reticulata Forsskal, 1775:187 [syntype localities: "Gomfodae" (AlQunfidha), Saudi Arabia; Mokha, Yemen].—Montagne, 1844a:659.— 

Dickie, 1876a:243, 244.—Piccone, 1886:22, 89.—Weber-van Bosse, 

1913a:52.—Gilbert, 1946:77; 1961:416.—Menez, 1961:47, pi. 1: figs. 

14-16.—Domantay, 1962:281.—Taylor, 1966b:344.—Velasquez, 

1971:431, fig. 7.—Reyes, 1972:138.—Trono, 1972a:94.—Cordero, 

1973b: 16.—Trono, 1973b:212; 1973d:4,pl. 1: fig. 3.—Westernhagen, 

1973b:369 (table 3).—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:187.—Rivera, 

1974:108.—Westernhagen, 1974:112 (table I).—Trono, 1975:27.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:167 [excluding Blanco and Martens 

records].—Taylor, 1977b:8.—Reyes, 1978:147, pi. 3: figs. 8, 9.— 

Cordero, 1979b:279.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:19.—Calumpong, 

1980:143 (table 3).—Cordero, 1980b:20, pi. [45].—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:96.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:7.—Cordero, 198Id:63, fig. 4.— 

Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:2, pi. I: 

fig. 3.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:106.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 

1983:146.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:70, fig. 7.—Cordero, 

1984a:71; 1984b:57; 1984c:50.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:179.—MarcosAgngarayngay, 1984b: 120.—Tungpalan, 1984:139. 

Phycoseris reticulata (Forsskal) Kutzing, 1849:478.—Martens, 1868:23, 

60-61 [excl. Blanco record].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:159. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos 

Norte, La Union, Pangasinan, Cavite, Sorsogon. MINDORO: 

Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), MASBATE (incl. Ticao I.). 

SAMAR: Eastern Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. 

NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. 

BOHOL. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. BASILAN. PALAWAN, SULU: 

Sulu (Jolo I., Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

Ulva lactuca Linnaeus var. rigida (C. Agardh) Le Jolis, 1863:38.—Webervan Bosse, 1913a:50. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (Jolo I.). 

Order CLADOPHORALES 

Family ANADYOMENACEAE 

Anadyomene Lamouroux 

Anadyomene brownii (J.E. Gray) J. Agardh 

Calomena brownii J.E. Gray, 1866:46, pi. XLIV: fig. 3 [type locality: Australia]. 

Anadyomene brownii (J.E. Gray) J. Agardh, 1887:127.—Taylor, 

1966b:349.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:128. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN (Balabac I.), SULU: 

Tawitawi (Turtle Is.). 

*Anadyomene eseptata Gilbert 

Anadyomene eseptata Gilbert, 1961:425, pi. 1 [type locality: Dalupiri I., 

Babuyan Is., Cagayan Prov., Luzon].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:128.—Cordero, 1977b:30, pi. Ill: fig. 12; pi. IV: fig. 15.—Mefiez 

and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

*Anadyomene leclancheri Decaisne 

Anadyomene leclancheri Decaisne, 1844:236 [type locality: "Sooloo"].— 

Gilbert, 1946:77; 1961:427.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:128. 

Cystodictyon leclancheri (Decaisne) J.E. Gray, 1866:72, pi. XLIV: fig. 6 

["leclancherii"].—De Toni, 1889:373. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Sulu Archipelago. 

NOTE.—This species was made the type of a new genus, 

Cystodictyon, by J.E. Gray (1866:72). It was returned to 

Anadyomene by Heydrich (1894:283). 

Anadyomene plicata C. Agardh 

Anadyomene plicata C. Agardh, 1822a:400 [type locality: "Ravak" (Lawak), 

Waigeo 1., Moluccas, Indonesia].—Gilbert, 1961:427.—Taylor, 

1966b:349.—Trono, 1972a:94; 1973a: 127, fig. 1; 1973c:9; 1975:29.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:128.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:96.— 

Saraya and Trono, 1980:10.—Fortes, 198lb:396.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Zambales, Sorsogon. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang 

Is.), Oriental Mindoro. CEBU (Mactan I.). PALAWAN, SULU: 

Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

Ulva rigida C. Agardh 

Ulva rigida C. Agardh, 1822a:410 [lectotype locality: Cadiz, Spain fide 

Papenfuss, 1960:305]. 

Anadyomene stellata (Wulfen) C. Agardh 

Ulva stellata Wulfen injacquin, 1786:351 [type locality: Adriatic Sea]. 

Anadyomene stellata (Wulfen) C. Agardh, 1822a:400.—Gilbert, 1946:77; 
NUMBER 27 95 

1961:427.—Galutira and Velasquez, 1964:499.—Villones and Magdamo, 1968:12, fig. 4.—Velasquez, 1971:432, fig. 12.—Reyes, 

1972:140.—Velasquez et al., 1973:13, pi. 3: fig. 15.—Ortega, Alcala, 

and Reyes, 1974:187.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:128.— 

Reyes. 1978:149, pi. 5: fig. 6.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:108.—HurtadoPonce and Modelo, 1983:147.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:75, fig. 

12. 

Anadyomene fiabellata Lamouroux, 1816:366, pi. XIV: fig. 3 [type locality: 

"Dans la Mousse de Corse des pharmaciens" (Alsidium kelminthochortos)].—Dickie, 1876a:245.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975: 

128. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Batangas, Albay. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. NEGROS: Negros 

Oriental, SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. PALAWAN. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by C. Agardh 

(1822a:400). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Microdictyon japonicum Setchell 

Microdictyon japonicum Setchell, 1925:107 [type locality: Tateyama, Chiba 

Prefecture, Japan].—Cordero, 1977b:29, pi. Ill: fig. 14.—HurtadoPonce, 1983:109.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:147. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte. 

Microdictyon okamurae Setchell 

Microdictyon okamurae Setchell, 1925:107 ["Okamurai"] [type locality: Ryukyu-retto, Japan].—Cordero, 1977b:29, pi. Ill: fig. 13. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Anadyomene wrightii Harvey ex J.E. Gray 

Anadyomene wrightii Harvey ex J.E. Gray, 1866:48, pi. XLIV: fig. 5 [type 

locality: Ryukyu-retto, Japan].—Gilbert, 1961:428.—Mefiez, 1961: 

49.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:128.—Puig and Cordero, 

1979:19.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Cordero, 1984a: 

74; 1984c:51. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan. MASBATE. LEYTE (Biliran I.). CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Microdictyon Decaisne 

Microdictyon agardhianum Decaisne 

Microdictyon agardhianum Decaisne, 1841:115 [type locality: Red Sea near 

Jidda, Saudi Arabia].—Reyes, 1972:140.—Velasquez et al., 1973:12, 

pi. 3: fig. 13.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:153.—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION. 

Negros Oriental. 

-LUZON: Batangas. NEGROS: 

Microdictyon boergesenii Setchell 

Microdictyon boergesenii Setchell, 1925:106 [type locality: St. Jan (St. John), 

Virgin Is.].—Reyes, 1978:149, pi. 5: fig. 7. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SIQUIJOR. 

*Microdictyon clathratum Martens 

Microdictyon clathratum Martens, 1868:25, 66-67, pi. IV: fig. 1. [syntype 

localities: Ceram and Flores, Indonesia; Zamboanga, Mindanao].—De 

Toni, 1889:363.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:153. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Microdictyon curtissiae W.R. Taylor 

Microdictyon curtissiae W.R. Taylor, 1955:69, figs. 1-8, pi. I: fig. 2; pi. Ill 

[type locality: southeast coast of Florida, USA].—Westernhagen, 

1973a:64; 1974:112 (table I). 

Family CLADOPHORACEAE 

Chaetomorpha Kutzing 

Chaetomorpha aerea (Dillwyn) Kutzing 

Conferva aerea Dillwyn, 1806 [1802-1809]: pi. 80 [syntype localities: 

various, in England and Wales]. 

Chaetomorpha aerea (Dillwyn) Kutzing, 1849:379.—Velasquez, 1953a: 

100.—Reyes, 1972:140.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975: 

133—Tron o and Fortes, 1980:63.—Fortes, 1981b:396.—GanzonFortes, 1981:21.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:144. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON (southern), NEGROS: 

Negros Oriental. 

NOTE.—Arguments for and against the conspecificity of 

Chaetomorpha aerea and C. linum have been presented from 

time to time. We follow Kornmann (1972) in recognizing 

separate species. 

Chaetomorpha antennina (Bory de Saint-Vincent) 

Kutzing 

Conferva antennina Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1804a:381; 1804b: 161, footnote [type locality: Reunion]. 

Chaetomorpha antennina (Bory de Saint-Vincent) Kutzing, 1847a: 166.— 

Gilbert, 1961:430.—Mefiez, 1961:47.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:133. 

Conferva media C. Agardh, 1824:100 [type locality: West Indies]. 

Chaetomorpha media (C. Agardh) Kutzing, 1849:380.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:74, fig. 9.—Cordero, 1984a:75.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 

1984b:121. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Quezon. 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Chaetomorpha antennina 

and C. media is discussed by B0rgesen (1940:37) and Gilbert 

(1961:430). 

Chaetomorpha brachygona Harvey 

Chaetomorpha brachygona Harvey, 1858:87, pi. XLVL A [syntype localities: 

Key West, Florida, USA; mouth of Rio Bravo (Rio Grande), border of 
96 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Mexico and Texas, USA].—Gilbert, 1961:430.—Mefiez, 1961:47.— 

Taylor, 1966b:344.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:133.—Cordero, 1976c:10; 1977b:21.—Reyes, 1978:149, pi. 5: fig. 3.—Chan, 

1981:387. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan, Rizal, Manila, SIQUIJOR. 

Chaetomorpha inflata Kutzing 

Chaetomorpha inflata Kutzing, 1849:378 [type locality: Java, Indonesia].— 

Martens, 1868:22, 58-59.—Gilbert, 1946:77; 1961:432.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:134. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Chaetomorpha crassa (C. Agardh) Kutzing 

Conferva crassa C. Agardh, 1824:99 [syntype localities: Trieste and Venezia, Italy; England]. 

Chaetomorpha crassa (C. Agardh) Kutzing, 1845:204.—Seale, 1911: 

309.—Wester, 1916:158; 1921:224; 1924:21.—G. Blanco, 

1938:512.—Zaneveld, 1950:111.—Quisumbing, 1951:1008.—Montilla and Blanco, 1953:166.—Zaneveld, 1956:8; 1959:94.—Gilbert, 

1961:431.—Domantay, 1962:279.—Reyes, 1972:140.—Trono, 

1972a:94.—Velasquez et al., 1973:10, pi. 1: fig. 4.—Westernhagen, 

1973a:64; 1973b:369 (table 3); 1974:112 (table I).—Trono, 1975:28.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:133.—Cordero, 1976c:9, 10; 

1977b:21.—Taylor, 1977b:8.—Reyes, 1978:148, 162, pi. 5: figs. 1, 

2.—Tahil, 1978:52.—Cordero, 1979b:279.—Puig and Cordero, 

1979:19.—Cordero, 1980b:21, pi. [60].—Liao and Sotto, 1980:96.— 

Saraya and Trono, 1980:8.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:63.—Trono and 

Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:7, fig. [s.n].—Chan, 1981:387, 389.—Cordero, 

198 ld:63.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Guzman, 1981:42, 48.—Menez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Trono and b e Lara, 1981:3, pi. II: 

fig. 3.—Calumpong, 1982:145.—Cordero, 1982a:60.—Trono and 

Fortes, 1982:144.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:106.—Hurtado-Ponce and 

Modelo, 1983:146.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:73, fig. 8.—Mefiez, 

Phillips, and Calumpong, 1983:18.—Cordero, 1984a:75.—MarcosAgngarayngay, 1984b: 121. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, La Union, Pangasinan, 

Bataan, Manila, Batangas, Albay, Sorsogon. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: 

Eastern Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: 

Negros Oriental (incl. Apo I.), CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. 

MINDANAO: Zamboanga. BASILAN. PALAWAN, SULU: Tawitawi. 

Chaetomorpha gracilis Kutzing 

Conferva gracilis Kutzing, 1843b:259 [type locality: Trieste, Italy]. 

Chaetomorpha gracilis Kutzing, 1845:203.—Gilbert, 1961:432.—Velasquez et al., 1973:10, pi. 2: fig. 5.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:134. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Manila, Batangas. 

MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.). 

NOTE.—Conferva gracilis Kutzing, the intended basionym 

of Chaetomorpha gracilis, is a later homonym of Conferva 

gracilis Wulfen (1803:21), C. gracilis (Vaucher) De Candolle 

(in Lamarck and De Candolle, 1805:55), and C. gracilis 

Griffiths (in Harvey, 1834b:304) and hence is not priorable. 

Chaetomorpha gracilis Kutzing is treated as a nomen novum 

in accordance with Article 72, Note 1, of the ICBN. This 

species was placed in the genus Lola by Chapman (1961:74). 

^Chaetomorpha kellersii Howe 

Chaetomorpha kellersii Howe, 1932:169, fig. 1 [type locality: "Panay 

Island"].—Gilbert, 1946:77; 1961:432.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:134. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Chaetomorpha ligustica (Kutzing) Kutzing 

Conferva ligustica Kutzing, 1845:259 [type locality: Golfo di Genova, Italy]. 

Chaetomorpha ligustica (Kutzing) Kiitzing, 1849:376. 

Chaetomorpha tortuosa [misapplied name].—Taylor, 1966b:344.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:134. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (Babuyan 

Is.), Manila. 

NOTE.—Th e name Chaetomorpha tortuosa (Dillwyn) Kiitzing, although often cited, is non-existent. In fact, Kutzing 

(1845:205) transferred Conferva tortuosa Dillwyn (1805 

[1802-1809]: pi. 46) to Rhizoclonium and established a new 

species, R. capillare Kutzing (1847a: 166), to accommodate 

Mediterranean populations that other workers had associated erroneously (in his opinion) with Dillwyn's plant. Still 

later, Kutzing (1849:376) transferred R. capillare to Chaetomorpha, unfortunately changing the epithet to tortuosa 

and thus setting the stage for serious confusion. Two taxonomic synonyms listed by Ardissone (1887 [1886-1887]: 

209) have equal priority, Conferva ligustica Kutzing 

(1843:259) and Spongopsis mediterranea Kutzing 

(1843b:261), of which the former is herewith chosen to 

serve as the basionym of the correct name for this species. 

Chaetomorpha linum (O.F. Miiller) Kutzing 

Conferva linum O.F. Miiller, 1778:7, pi. 771:2 [syntype localities: Nakskov 

and R#dby, Denmark]. 

Chaetomorpha linum (O.F. Miiller) Kutzing, 1845:204.—Sulit, Navarro, 

and San Juan, 1952:170 (table 5).—Rabanal and Montalban, 

1953:142.—Villadolid and Villaluz, 1953:5-10.—Villaluz, 1953: 

103.—Gilbert, 1961:432.—Rabanal and Montalban, 1961:3.—Taylor, 

1966b:344.—Reyes, 1972:140.—Westernhagen, 1973a:64.—Ortega, 

Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:187.—Westernhagen, 1974:112 (table I).— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:134.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:382.—Calumpong, 1982:145.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:107.— 

Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:146.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:179. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Rizal, Manila Bay, Albay. NEGROS: 

Negros Oriental, CEBU (Mactan I.). 
NUMBER 27 97 

Chaetomorpha spiralis Okamura 

Chaetomorpha spiralis Okamura, 1903:131 [type locality: Japan (Nemoto, 

Boshu Prov. [Chiba Prefecture] fide isotype in UC)].—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1981:382.—Calumpong, 1982:145. 

Chaetomorpha clavata Kutzing var. torta Farlow ex Collins, 1909:323 [type 

locality: San Diego, California, USA]. 

Chaetomorpha torta (Farlow ex Collins) Yendo, 1914:264.—Gilbert, 

1961:433.—Domantay, 1962:279.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:134. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. NEGROS: Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental. MINDANAO: 

Zamboanga. BASILAN. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Abbott 

(1972:259). 

Cladophora conferta P. Crouan and H. Crouan 

Cladophora conferta P. Crouan and H. Crouan in Schramm and Maze, 

1865:37 [type locality: Guadeloupe]. 

Cladophora uncinata B</>rgesen, 1913:20, figs. 9, 10 [type locality: St. 

Croix, Virgin Is.].—Chan, 1981:387.—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by van den Hoek 

(1982:174). 

Cladophora crispula Vickers 

Cladophora crispula Vickers, 1905:56 [type locality: Barbados].—Mefiez 

and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Cladophora Kutzing 

Cladophora albida (Nees) Kutzing 

Conferva albida Hudson, 1778:595 [type locality: England]. 

Annulina albida Nees, 1820: Index [1]. 

Cladophora albida (Nees) Kutzing, 1843b:267.—Domantay, 1962:279.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:135. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

NOTE.—Conferva albida Hudson, the intended basionym 

of Cladophora albida, is a later homonym of Conferva albida 

Forsskal (1775:xii) and hence not priorable. Annulina albida 

Nees is treated as a nomen novum in accordance with 

Article 72, Note 1, of the ICBN. 

Cladophora aokii Yamada 

Cladophora aokii Yamada, 1925a:85, fig. Ill [type locality: Byobi-to, 

Taiwan].—Gilbert, 1961:429.—Taylor, 1966b:345.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:135.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:9, pi. I: fig. 4. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Bataan. 

Cladophora catenata (Linnaeus) Kutzing 

Conferva catenata Linnaeus, 1753:1166 [syntype localities: "in mari Europam australem et Americam meridionalem"]. 

Cladophora catenata (Linnaeus) Kutzing, 1843b:271. 

Cladophora fuliginosa Kutzing, 1849:415 [type locality: La Habana, 

Cuba].—Gilbert, 1961:429.—Mefiez, 1961:46, pi. 2: figs. 17-19.— 

Westernhagen, 1973a:64; 1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:135.—Cordero, 1977b:22, pi. I: figs. 3, 4. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), Pangasinan. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by van den Hoek 

(1963:123, footnote; 1982:59). Philippine records of this 

species were cited by van den Hoek (1982:61), but with an 

expression of uncertainty. 

Cladophora crucigera Grunow 

Cladophora crucigera Grunow, 1867:38, footnote [type locality: Guadeloupe].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

NOTE.—Van den Hoek (1982:39) did not see the type of 

this species, but thinks that the description suggests a robust 

plant of C. vagabunda whose ultimate branch systems have 

disappeared by sporulation. 

Cladophora crystallina (Roth) Kutzing 

Conferva crystallina Roth, 1797:196 [type locality: near Wismar, East 

Germany]. 

Cladophora crystallina (Roth) Kutzing, 1843b:267.—Saraya and Trono, 

1980:9.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Cladophora cymopoliae B0rgesen 

Cladophora cymopoliae B</>rgesen, 1925:69, figs. 27-29 [type locality: Las 

Palmas, Gran Canaria, Islas Canarias].—Vannajan and Trono, 1977:43. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cavite. 

Cladophora dalmatica Kutzing 

Cladophora dalmatica Kutzing, 1843b:268 [type locality: Split, Yugoslavia].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Cladophora filipendula 

Cladophora filipendula.—Westernhagen, 1973a:64; 1974:112 (table I). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

NOTE.—Westernhagen did not give an author for this 
98 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

name and we have been unable to find its place of publication. 

Cladophora inserta Dickie 

Cladophora inserta Dickie, 1876b:454 [type locality: Honolulu, Hawaiian 

Is.].—Chan, 1981:387, 389.—Trono and Ang, 1982:3. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). 

Cladophora japonica Yamada 

Cladophora japonica Yamada, 1931a:65, pi. XVI [syntype localities: Sagami 

and Kazusa provinces (Kanagawa and Chiba prefectures), Japan]1.— 

Cordero, 1977b:22, pi. I: fig. 5. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Cladophora laetevirens (Dillwyn) Kutzing 

Conferva laetevirens Dillwyn, 1805 [1802-1809]: pi. 48 ["laete virens"] 

[type locality: Swansea, Wales]. 

Cladophora laetevirens (Dillwyn) Kutzing, 1843b:267. 

Conferva heteronema C. Agardh, 1824:114 [type locality: Venezia, Italy]. 

Cladophora heteronema (C. Agardh) Kutzing 1843b:265.—Westernhagen, 

1973a:64; 1974:112 (table I). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by van den Hoek 

(1963:129). 

Cladophora liebetruthii Grunow 

Cladophora liebetruthii Grunow in Piccone, 1884b:53 [type locality: Gran 

Canaria, Islas Canarias].—Fortes and Trono, 1980:55, fig. 4.—Chan, 

1981:387. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Cladophora pellucida (Hudson) Kutzing 

Conferva pellucida Hudson, 1762:483 [type locality: Walney I., Lancashire, 

England].—Montagne, 1844a:658 [with query].—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:138. 

Cladophora pellucida (Hudson) Kutzing, 1843b:271.—Martens, 1868:58-

59 [with query].—Gilbert, 1946:77; 1961:429.—Domantay, 1962: 

279.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:135. 

Conferva trichotoma C. Agardh, 1824:121 [type locality: Atlantic France]. 

Cladophora trichotoma (C. Agardh) Kutzing, 1843b:271.—Cornejo and 

Velasquez, 1972:174, pi. 4: fig. 29.—Westernhagen, 1973a:64; 

1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:136.—Trono 

and Young, 1977:54.—Vannajan and Trono, 1977:40.—Chan, 

1981:387.—Fortes, 198 lb:396.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:108.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:146. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Rizal, Cavite, Batangas. CATANDUANES. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by van den Hoek 

(1963:215). 

Cladophora prolifera (Roth) Kutzing 

Conferva prolifera Roth, 1797:182, pi. Ill: fig. 2 [type locality: "in mare 

Corsicam"]. 

Cladophora prolifera (Roth) Kiitzing, 1843b:27L—Cordero, 1977b:22.— 

Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

Cladophora rugulosa Martens, 1868:112, pi. II: fig. 3 [lectotype locality: 

Port Natal (Durban), South Africa fide Papenfuss, 1943a:80].—MarcosAgngarayngay, 1983:75, fig. 10. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte . CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by van den Hoek 

(1982:169). 

*Cladophora quisumbingii Manza 

Cladophora quisumbingii Manza, 1939:109 [type locality: Batan I., Batanes 

Prov., Luzon].—Taylor, 1966b:345, fig. 1.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:135.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:9, pi. I: fig. 1. 

* Cladophora philippinensis Manza, 1939: 109 [type locality: Bawa, Cagayan 

Prov., Luzon]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Pangasinan. 

NOTE.—Manza (1939:109) described Cladophora philippinensis and C. quisumbingii on the basis of specimens in the 

Bureau of Science, Manila. His publication was overlooked 

by Taylor, who studied Philippine algae including duplicates 

of the Bureau of Science collections in the Herbarium of 

the University of California, Berkeley. Seeing an apparently 

undescribed Cladophora labeled C. quisumbingii (without 

authorship) and believing that this name had not been 

published, Taylor (1966b:345) described it as a new species 

under that name. Because the holotype of C. quisumbingii 

Manza was destroyed during World War II, the isotype at 

Berkeley (UC 1402218) becomes the lectotype. The isotype 

of C. philippinensis Manza (UC 1402215), which is labeled 

with that name but without its author, similarly becomes 

the lectotype of its species. This specimen was included by 

Taylor in his circumscription of C. quisumbingii. 

Cladophora rupestris (Linnaeus) Kutzing 

Conferva rupestris Linnaeus, 1753:1167 [type locality: "in Europae marinis 

rupibus copiosissima"]. 

Cladophora rupestris (Linnaeus) Kutzing, 1843b:270.—Cordero, 1976c:8; 

1977b:23.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:75, fig. 11. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte. 

Cladophora sakaii Abbott 

Cladophora densa Harvey, 1860a:334 [type locality: "Hakodadi Bay" (Hakodate), Japan] [replaced name].—Cordero, 1984a:75. 

Cladophora sakaii Abbott, 1972:259. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

NOTE.—Cladophora sakaii is a substitute name for C. 
NUMBER 27 99 

densa Harvey, a later homonym of C. densa (Roth) Kutzing 

(1845:209). 

Cladophora sericea (Hudson) Kutzing 

Conferva sericea Hudson, 1762:485 [type locality: Isle of Sheppey, Kent, 

England]. 

Cladophora sericea (Hudson) Kutzing, 1843b:264. 

Conferva rudolphiana C. Agardh, 1827:636 [type locality: Trieste, Italy]. 

Cladophora rudolphiana (C. Agardh) Kutzing, 1843b:268.—HurtadoPonce, 1983:107.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:146. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by van den Hoek 

(1963:77). 

265].—Taylor, 1966b:334.—Westernhagen, I973a:64; 1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:161.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Bataan. CENTRAL VISAYAS. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Rhizoclonium crassipellitum W. West and G.S. West 

var. robustum G.S. West 

Rhizoclonium crassipellitum W. West and G.S. West var. robustum G.S. 

West, 1904:283 [type locality: Barbados].—Taylor, 1966b:344.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:161 [without designation of variety]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Rizal. 

Cladophora sibogae Reinbold 

Cladophora sibogae Reinbold, 1905.146 [syntype localities: Banda Is., Moluccas and Dongola (Donggala), Celebes, Indonesia].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Rhizoclonium grande B</»rgesen 

Rhizoclonium grande B#rgesen, 1935:14, figs. 5, 6 [type locality: Bombay, 

India].-Fortes and Trono, 1980:56.—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Cladophora vagabunda (Linnaeus) van den Hoek 

Conferva vagabunda Linnaeus, 1753:1167 [type locality: "in Mari Europaeo"]. 

Cladophora vagabunda (Linnaeus) van den Hoek, 1963:144. 

Conferva fascicularis Mertens ex C. Agardh, 1824:114 [type locality: West 

Indies]. 

Cladophora fascicularis (Mertens ex C. Agardh) Kutzing, 1843b:268.— 

Gilbert, 1961:429.—Reyes, 1972:141.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 

1974:187.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:135.—Reyes, 1978: 

147, pi. 4: figs. 1, 2. 

Cladophora mauritiana Kutzing, 1849:399 [type locality: Mauritius].— 

Dickie, 1876a:244.—Gilbert, 1946:77; 1961:429 [with query].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:135. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Manila, NEGROS: Negros Oriental, SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. BASILAN. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by van den Hoek 

(1982:137). 

Rhizoclonium kerneri Stockmayer 

Rhizoclonium kerneri Stockmayer, 1890:582 [syntype localities: France; 

Scandinavia; North America].—Gilbert, 1961:430.—Westernhagen, 

1973a:64; 1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:161.—Reyes, 1978:149, pi. 5: figs. 4, 5.—Carumbana and Luchavez, 1980:189. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Laguna. NEGROS: 

Negros Oriental, CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. 

Rhizoclonium kochianum Kutzing 

Rhizoclonium kochianum Kutzing, 1845:206 [syntype localities: North Sea, 

West Germany; Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia].—Westernhagen, 1973a:64; 

1974:112 (table I). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Cladophora wrightiana Harvey 

Cladophora wrightiana Harvey, 1860a:333 [type locality: Shimoda, Japan].—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:108.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 

1983:146.—Cordero, 1984a:75. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Rhizoclonium riparium (Roth) Harvey 

Conferva riparia Roth, 1806:216 [type locality: Norderney I., West Germany]. 

Rhizoclonium riparium (Roth) Harvey, 1849 [1847-1851]: pi. 

CCXXXVIIL—Westernhagen, 1973a:64; 1974:112 (table I). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Rhizoclonium Kutzing 

Rhizoclonium africanum Kutzing 

Rhizoclonium africanum Kutzing, 1853:21, pi. 67: fig. II [type locality: 

"Senegambien" (Senegal or Gambia)]. 

Rhizoclonium hookeri [misapplied name fide Womersley and Bailey, 1970: 

Rhizoclonium setaceum Kutzing 

Rhizoclonium setaceum Kutzing, 1847a: 166 [type locality: Goes, Netherlands].—Gilbert, 1961:430.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:161. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Bataan. 
100 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Order SIPHONOCLADALES 

Family SIPHONOCLADACEAE 

Boergesenia J. Feldmann 

Boergesenia forbesii (Harvey) J. Feldmann 

Valonia forbesii Harvey, 1860a:333 [syntype localities: Ryukyu-retto, Japan; Sri Lanka]. 

Boergesenia forbesii (Harvey) J. Feldmann, 1938:1503.—Gilbert, 

1961:420.—Mefiez, 1961:49, pi. 1: fig. 13.—Taylor, 1966b:347.— 

Villones and Magdamo, 1968:12, fig. 5.—Reyes, 1972:139.—Trono 

1972a:95; 1973b:216; 1973c:7, fig. 14.—Velasquez et al., 1973:13, pi 

4: fig. 17.—Trono, 1975:31.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty 

1975:129.—Cordero, 1976c:8,9, 10; 1977b:26.—Reyes, 1978:152, pi 

6: fig. 14.—Trono, 1978:3.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:3.—Cordero 

1979b:276.—Calumpong, 1980:143 (table 3).—Liao and Sotto 

1980:96.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:12.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes 

1980:9, fig. [s.n].—Chan, 1981:387.—Mefiez and Calumpong 

1981:382.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:3, pi. II: fig. 1.—HurtadoPonce, 1983:111.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:147.—MarcosAgngarayngay, 1983:76, fig. 13.—Cordero, 1984a:76. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Batangas, Sorsogon. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. 

MARINDUQUE. PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga (incl. 

Sacol I.), BASILAN. PALAWAN, SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

Boodlea Murray and De Toni 

Boodlea coacta (Dickie) Murray and De Toni 

Cladophora coacta Dickie, 1876b:451 [type locality: "Osima Harbour" (Oshima, Wakayama Prefecture), Japan]. 

Boodlea coacta (Dickie) Murray and De Toni in Murray, 1889:245.— 

Cordero, 1984a:73. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Boodlea composita (Harvey) Brand 

Conferva composita Harvey, 1834a: 157 [type locality: Mauritius]. 

Boodlea composita (Harvey) Brand, 1904:187.—Gilbert, 1961:421.—Mefiez, 1961:48, pi. 3: figs. 40-42.—Reyes, 1972:139.—Trono, 

1972a:95.—Cordero, 1973b: 17.—Trono, 1973c:6, fig. 18—Ortega, 

Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:186, 187.—Trono, 1975:30.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:129.—Cordero, 1976c:10; 1977b:28, pi. II: fig. 

9.—Reyes, 1978:153, pi. 7: fig. 1.—Trono, 1978:4.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:2.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:20.—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:96.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:13.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 

1980:15, fig. [s.n].—Chan, 1981:387.—Fortes, 198lb:396.—Mefiez 

and Calumpong, 1981:382—Trono and De Lara, 1981:4.—Trono and 

Ang, 1982:4.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:80, fig. 15.—Cordero, 

1984a:73. 

Boodlea siamensis Reinbold, 1901:191 [type locality: Ko Kahdat, Ko Chang 

Archipelago, Thailand].—Saraya and Trono, 1980:13. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan, Batangas, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. LEYTE 

(Biliran I.), NEGROS: Negros Oriental. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. BASILAN. PALAWAN (incl. 

Bugsuk I., Culion I.), SULU: Sulu (between Lapac I. and 

Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Boodlea siamensis is included as a synonym on 

the authority of B^rgesen (1946:16). 

Boodlea montagnei (Harvey ex J.E. Gray) Egerod 

Microdictyon montagnei Harvey ex J.E. Gray, 1866:69 [type locality: 

Tonga].—Gilbert, 1961:422, fig. 1.—Taylor, 1966b:349.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:153. 

Boodlea montagnei (Harvey ex J.E. Gray) Egerod, 1952:332, footnote. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

BASILAN. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

Boodlea struveoides Howe 

Boodlea struveoides Howe, 1918:496 [type locality: Harrington Sound, 

Bermuda].—Saraya and Trono, 1980:12.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Chamaedoris Montagne 

Chamaedoris orientalis Okamura and Higashi 

Chamaedoris orientalis Okamura and Higashi in Okamura, 1931:98, pi. 10 

[type locality: Kotosho (Hung-t'ou), Taiwan].—Gilbert and Doty, 

1969:125, fig. 15. —Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:134.—Cordero, 1976c:8; 1977b:27, pi. II: figs. 10, 11. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Quezon. 

Cladophoropsis B^rgesen 

Cladophoropsis dichotoma (Zanardini) Papenfuss 

Spongodendron dichotomum Zanardini, 1878:38 [type locality: Wokam 1., 

Aru Is., Indonesia]. 

Spongocladia dichotoma (Zanardini) Murray and Boodle, 1888:175.—Taylor, 1966b:348.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:163.—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1984:105. 

Cladophoropsis dichotoma (Zanardini) Papenfuss, 1958:104. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. PALAWAN. 

Cladophoropsis fasciculata (Kjellman) Wille 

Siphonocladus fasciculatus Kjellman, 1897b:36, pi. 7: figs. 10-17 [type 

locality: Yokohama, Japan]. 

Cladophoropsis fasciculata (Kjellman) Wille, 1910 [ 1909-1910]: 116.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 
NUMBER 27 101 

Cladophoropsis gracillima Dawson 

Cladophoropsis gracillima Dawson, 1950b:149, figs. 12, 13 [type locality: 

Punta Palmilla, Baja California Sur, Mexico].—Trono, 1973c:6.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION. 

doro . CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

-MINDORO: Oriental MinCladophoropsis zollingeri (Kutzing) Reinbold 

Cladophora zollingeri Kutzing, 1849:415 [type locality: Java, Indonesia]. 

Cladophoropsis zollingeri (Kutzing) Reinbold, 1905:147.—Hurtado-Ponce, 

1983:110.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:147.—Cordero, 

1984a:73. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Cladophoropsis membranacea (C. Agardh) B</>rgesen 

Conferva membranacea C. Agardh, 1824:120 [type locality: "Ad insulam S. 

Crucis" (St. Croix, Virgin Is.)]. 

Cladophoropsis membranacea (C. Agardh) B^rgesen, 1905:285, figs. 8 -

13.—Cordero, 1976c: 10; 1977b:28.—Vannajan and Trono, 1977: 

43.—Reyes, 1978:151, pi. 6: figs. 5, 6. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION, 

QUIJOR. 

-BATANES. LUZON: Manila, siCladophoropsis neocaledonica 

(Grunow ex Murray and Boodle) Papenfuss 

Spongocladia neocaledonica Grunow ex Murray and Boodle, 1888:175 [type 

locality: Poro, New Caledonia].—Trono, 1973d:5, pi. 1: fig. 1.—Saraya 

and Trono, 1980:13, pi. II: fig. 1. 

Cladophoropsis neocaledonica (Grunow ex Murray and Boodle) Papenfuss, 

1958:104. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Struvea Sonder 

Struvea anastomosans (Harvey) Piccone and Grunow ex 

Piccone 

Cladophora? anastomosans Harvey, 1859:pl. CI [type locality: Fremantle, 

Western Australia, Australia]. 

Struvea anastomosans (Harvey) Piccone and Grunow ex Piccone, 1884b: 

20.—Cordero, 1977b:30.—Reyes, 1978:153, pi. 7: fig. 2.—Liao and 

Sotto, 1980:96.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:13, pi. I: fig. 3.—Chan, 

1981:387, 389. 

Struvea delicatula Kutzing, 1866:1, pi. 2: figs, e-g [type locality: New 

Caledonia].—Gilbert, 1961:421.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:164.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan. CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

BASILAN. 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Struvea delicatula and S. 

anastomosans was proposed by Murray and Boodle 

(1888:281), who, however, erroneously adopted the later 

name. 

* Cladophoropsis philippinensis W.R. Taylor 

Cladophoropsis philippinensis W.R. Taylor, 1961:58, figs. 1-6 [type locality: Little Santa Cruz I., near Zamboanga (city), Mindanao].—Taylor, 

1966b:348.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:136.—Taylor, 

1977b:9. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDANAO: Zamboanga del 

Sur. BASILAN. 

Cladophoropsis sundanensis Reinbold 

Cladophoropsis sundanensis Reinbold, 1905:147 [syntype localities: "Timor, Laut, etc.", Indonesia].—Weber-van Bosse, 1913a:77.—Gilbert, 

1946:77; 1961:424.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:136. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Sangasiapu 

I.). 

Cladophoropsis vaucheriaeformis (J.E. Areschoug) 

Papenfuss 

Spongocladia vaucheriaeformis J.E. Areschoug, 1854:202, pi. II [type locality: Mauritius].—Gilbert, 1961:424.—Taylor, 1966b:348.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:163.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:14. 

Cladophoropsis vaucheriaeformis (J.E. Areschoug) Papenfuss, 1958:104. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SULU: Tawitawi. 

Struvea ramosa Dickie 

Struvea ramosa Dickie, 1874b:316 [type locality: Bermuda].—Westernhagen, 1974:112 (table I). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Family VALONIACEAE 

Dictyosphaeria Decaisne ex Endlicher 

Dictyosphaeria cavernosa (Forsskal) B</>rgesen 

Ulva cavernosa Forsskal, 1775:187 [syntype localities: "Gomfodae" (AlQunfidha), Saudi Arabia; Mokha, Yemen]. 

Dictyosphaeria cavernosa (Forsskal) B<£rgesen, 1932:2, pi. I: fig. 1.—Gilbert, 1946:77; 1961:417.—Menez, 1961:48.—Domantay, 1962:280.— 

Taylor, 1966b:348.—Velasquez, 1971:432, fig. 11.—Reyes, 1972: 

139._Trono , 1972a:95.— Cordero, 1973b: 17.—Trono, 1973b: 

216; 1973c:7, fig. 13; 1973d:5, pi. 5: fig. 18.—Velasquez et al., 1973: 

12, pi. 3: fig. 11.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:185, 186, 

187, 188.—Trono, 1975:31.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:140.—Cordero, 1976c:8, 10, 11; 1977b:27.—Trono and Young, 

1977:54.—Reyes, 1978:151, pi. 6: fig. 9.—Trono, 1978:2.—Trono 

and Tuason, 1978:2.—Cordero, 1979b:276, 279.—Puig and Cordero, 

1979:21—Cordero, 1980b:22, pi. 7.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:96.— 

Saraya and Trono, 1980:10.—Chan, 1981:387.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:3, pi. II: fig. 2.—Cordero, 

1982a:61.—Trono and Ang, 1982:3.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:110.— 

Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:147.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 
102 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

1983:79, fig. 14.—Cordero, 1984a:72; 1984b:57.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984b:121. 

Valonia favulosa C. Agardh, 1822a:432 [type locality: "Ravak" (Lawak), 

Waigeo I., Moluccas, Indonesia]. 

Dictyosphaeria favulosa (C. Agardh) Decaisne ex Endlicher, 1843:18.— 

Dickie, 1876a:244.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:141. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Batangas, 

Quezon, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental 

Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. 

SAMAR: Eastern Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. 

GUIMARAS. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU (Mactan I.). 

SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga (incl. Sacol I.), Surigao 

del Sur, Davao. BASILAN. PALAWAN (incl. Balabac I., Bugsuk 

I.), SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi (incl. Sibutu I., Turtle 

Is.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by B^rgesen 

(1932:2). 

Dictyosphaeria setchellii B^rgesen, 1940:12, figs. 1, 2a, 3a [type locality: 

Mauritius].—Gilbert, 1961:418.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:141. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Bataan, 

Batangas. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

BASILAN. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Valet (1966). 

Ernodesmis B</>rgesen 

Ernodesmis verticillata (Kutzing) B</>rgesen 

Valonia verticillata Kutzing, 1847a: 165 [type locality: St. Croix, Virgin 

Is.]. 

Ernodesmis verticillata (Kutzing) B<>rgesen, 1912:259, figs. 10-12.— 

Reyes, 1978:151, pi. 6: figs. 7, 8. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SIQUIJOR. 

Dictyosphaeria cavernosa (Forsskal) B</>rgesen 

var. bullata B</>rgesen 

Dictyosphaeria cavernosa (Forsskal) B^rgesen var. bullata B^rgesen, 1952:5, 

figs. 1, 2 [type locality: Riambel, Mauritius].—Cordero, 1977b:28. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Dictyosphaeria intermedia Weber-van Bosse 

Dictyosphaeria intermedia Wdber-van Bosse, 1905:143 [type locality: Jangkar.Java, Indonesia].—Mefiez, 1961:49.—Taylor, 1966b:348.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:141. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan, Pangasinan. 

Dictyosphaeria ocellata (Howe) Olsen-Stojkovich 

Valonia ocellata Howe, 1920:603 [type locality: Watling's I., Bahama 

Is.].—Cordero, 1977b:25. 

Dictyosphaeria ocellata (Howe) Olsen-Stojkovich, 1985b:62. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

NOTE.—Taylor (1960:111) considered the structure of 

this species to be intermediate between Valonia and Dictyosphaeria, "with more resemblance to solid forms of the latter 

genus." Olsen-Stojkovich assigned it to Dictyosphaeria on the 

basis of immunological distance data. 

Dictyosphaeria versluysii Weber-van Bosse 

Dictyosphaeria versluysii Weber-van Bosse, 1905:144 ["versluysi"] [syntype 

localities: various, all in Indonesia].—Domantay, 1962:280.—Trono, 

1973b:216; 1973c:8.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:141.—Liao 

and Sotto, 1980:96.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:11, pi. I: fig. 2. 

Dictyosphaeria vanbosseae B(/>rgesen, 1912:256, figs. 7-9 ["van Bosseae"] 

[type locality: Cane Bay, St. Croix, Virgin Is.].—Velasquez et al., 

1973:12, pi. 3: fig. 12. 

Valonia C. Agardh 

Valonia aegagropila C. Agardh 

Valonia aegagropila C. Agardh, I822a:429 [lectotype locality: Venezia, 

Italy fide Egerod, 1952:348].—Gilbert, 1961:418.—Taylor, 1966b: 

347.—Reyes, 1972:139.—Trono, 1972a:95; 1973b:215; 1973c:8, fig. 

16; 1973d:4, pi. 1: fig. 2.—Velasquez et al., 1973:11, pi. 3: fig. 10.— 

Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:186, 188.—Trono, 1975:30.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:168.—Taylor, 1977b:8.—Reyes, 

1978:152, pi. 6: fig. 13.—Trono, 1978:3.—Trono and Tuason, 

1978:3.—Cordero, 1979b:276.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:96.—Saraya 

and Trono, 1980:11.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:11, fig. 

[s.n].—Chan, 1981:387.—Guzman, 1981:42, 45.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:4, pi. II: fig. 4.—HurtadoPonce, 1983:111.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:147.—Cordero, 

1984a:72. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Batangas, Sorsogon. MINDORO: Occidental 

Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. 

PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga (incl. Sacol I.), BASILAN. 

PALAWAN, SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

Valonia confervoides Harvey ex J. Agardh 

Valonia confervoides Harvey ex J. Agardh, 1887:100 [syntype localities: Sri 

Lanka; Tonga].—Domantay, 1962:281.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:168. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Valonia fastigiata Harvey ex J. Agardh 

Valonia fastigiata Harvey ex J. Agardh, 1887:101, pi. I: fig. 5 [syntype 

localities: Sri Lanka; Tonga].—Dickie, 1876a:245.—Gilbert, 1946:77; 

1961:419—Taylor, 1966b:347.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:168.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:11.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:382. 
NUMBER 27 103 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CENTRAL VISAYAS. MINDANAO: 

Zamboanga. BASILAN. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi (Sibutu 

I.). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, La Union. MINDORO: Oriental 

Mindoro. CENTRAL VISAYAS. CEBU (Mactan I.). MINDANAO: 

Zamboanga. BASILAN. 

Valonia macrophysa Kutzing 

Valonia macrophysa Kutzing, 1843b:307 [type locality: Hvar I., Yugoslavia].—Martens, 1868:25, 66-67.—Gilbert, 1946:77; 1961:420.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:168.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:382.—Cordero, 1984a:72. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, CENTRAL VISAYAS. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Valonia utricularis (Roth) C. Agardh 

Conferva utricularis Roth, 1797:160, pi. I: fig. 1 [type locality: Mediterranean Sea]. 

Valonia utricularis (Roth) C. Agardh, 1822a:431.—Martens, 1868:25,66-

67.—Dickie, 1876a:244.—Weber-van Bosse, 1913a:60.—Gilbert, 

1947:77; 1961:420.—Domantay, 1962:282.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:168.—Cordero, 1976c:8, 9, 10; 1977b:25.—Saraya and 

Trono, 1980:12.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Cordero, 

1984a:72. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan. CENTRAL VISAYAS. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Valonia ventricosa J. Agardh 

Valonia ventricosa]. Agardh, 1887:96 [syntype localities: St. Croix, Virgin 

Is.; Guadeloupe].—Mefiez, 1961:48.—Domantay, 1962:282.—Taylor, 

1966b:347.—Reyes, 1972:139.—Trono, 1972a:95.—Cordero, 

1973b: 17.—Trono, 1973c:8.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:185, 

186, 187, 188.—Trono, 1975:30.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:168.—Reyes, 1978:152, pi. 6: fig. 10.—Trono, 1978:3.—Trono 

and Tuason, 1978:3.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:20.—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:96.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:11.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 

1980:13, fig. [s.n].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—HurtadoPonce, 1983:111.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:147. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Batangas, Sorsogon. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

MARINDUQUE. LEYTE (Biliran I.), NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

CEBU (incl. Mactan I.). SIQUIJOR. SULU: Tawitawi (incl. Sibutu 

I.). 

Order BRYOPSIDALES 

Family BRYOPSIDACEAE 

Bryopsis Lamouroux 

Bryopsis corticulans Setchell 

Bryopsis corticulans Setchell in Collins, Holden, and Setchell, 1899: no. 

626 [syntype localities: Carmel Bay and Pacific Grove, California, 

USA].—Westernhagen, 1973a:64; 1974:112 (table I). 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Bryopsis indica A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp 

Bryopsis indica A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp, 1908:169, pi. 22: figs. 10, 11 

[syntype localities: various, in Indian Ocean].—Gilbert, 1961:434.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:130.—Cordero, 1977b:31.—Vannajan and Trono, 1977:45, fig. 7. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cavite. 

MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Bryopsis pennata Lamouroux 

Bryopsis pennata Lamouroux, 1809b:333 [type locality: Antilles].—Trono, 

1975:32—Reyes, 1978:153, pi. 7: fig. 3.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:96.— 

Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Sorsogon. CEBU 

(Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. 

Bryopsis pennata Lamouroux var. secunda (Harvey) 

Collins and Hervey 

Bryopsis plumosa (Hudson) C. Agardh var. secunda Harvey, 1858:31, pi. 

XLV:A: figs. 1-3 [syntype localities: Key West and Sand Key, Florida, 

USA]. 

Bryopsis pennata Lamouroux var. secunda (Harvey) Collins et Hervey, 

1917:62— Gilbert, 1961:434.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:130 

[without designation of variety], 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION .—BASILAN . 

Valoniopsis B</>rgesen 

Valoniopsis pachynema (Martens) B</>rgesen 

Bryopsis pachynema Martens, 1868:24, pi. IV: fig. 2 [syntype localities: 

Bengkulu and Pulau Tikus, Sumatra, Indonesia]. 

Valoniopsis pachynema (Martens) B^rgesen, 1934:10, figs. 1, 2.—Gilbert, 

1961:428.—Taylor, 1961:58; 1966b:347.—Westernhagen, 1973a:64; 

1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:168.—Cordero, 1977b:26.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382.—Cordero, 

I984a:74. 

Bryopsis plumosa (Hudson) C. Agardh 

Ulva plumosa Hudson, 1778:571 [type locality: Exmouth, Devonshire, 

England]. 

Bryopsis plumosa (Hudson) C. Agardh, 1822a:448.—Velasquez et al., 

1973:13, pi'. 4: fig. 16.—Vannajan and Trono, 1977:44, figs. 5, 6.— 

Liao and Sotto, 1980:96.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:14, pi. II: fig. 4. 

Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383.—Cordero, 1984a:76. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Rizal, Manila, Cavite, Batangas. CEBU (Mactan I.). 
104 

Derbesia Solier 

Derbesia attenuata Funk 

Derbesia attenuata Funk, 1955:23 [type locality: Napoli, Italy].—Chan, 

1981:387,389. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Derbesia marina (Lyngbye) Solier 

Vaucheria marina Lyngbye, 1819:79, pi. 22:A [sporophyte] [type locality: 

Kvivig, Str#m0, Faeroes]. 

Derbesia marina (Lyngbye) Solier, 1846:453. 

Gastridium ovale Lyngbye, 1819:72, pi. 18:B [gametophyte] [syntype localities: various, all in Faeroes]. 

Halicystis ovalis (Lyngbye) J.E. Areschoug, 1850:447.—Domantay, 1962: 

281.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:147.—Reyes, 1978: 

152.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:14, pi. II: fig. 2. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION (of gametophyte).—LUZON: 

Pangasinan. SIQUIJOR. 

NOTE.—Kornmann (1938) was the first to show that 

Halicystis ovalis and Derbesia marina are alternating stages. 

The sporophyte has not yet been reported from the Philippines. 

Derbesia tenuissima (Moris and De Notaris) P. Crouan 

and H. Crouan 

Bryopsis tenuissima Moris and De Notaris, 1839:259, pi. VI: fig. Ill [type 

locality: Cabrera, Islas Baleares, Spain]. 

Derbesia tenuissima (Moris and De Notaris) P. Crouan and H. Crouan, 

1867:133.—Cordero, 1976c:9; 1977b:31. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

NOTE.—J. Feldmann (1950) showed that Derbesia tenuissima alternates with Halicystis parvula Schmitz ex G. Murray 

(1893:50, pi. XIII: fig. 5). The gametophyte has not yet 

been reported from the Philippines. 

Pedobesia MacRaild and Womersley 

Pedobesia ryukyuensis (Yamada and Tanaka) Kobara and 

Chihara 

Derbesia ryukyuensis Yamada and Tanaka, 1938:64, fig. 5 [type locality: 

Pinai, Yonakuni-shima, Sakishima-gunto, Ryukyu-retto, Japan].—Cordero, 1976c:9; 1977b:31. 

Pedobesia ryukyuensis (Yamada and Tanaka) Kobara and Chihara, 1984: 

156. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Family CAULERPACEAE 

Caulerpa Lamouroux 

Caulerpa ambigua Okamura 

Caulerpa ambigua Okamura, 1897:4, pi. I: figs. 3-12 [type locality: Ogasawara-gunto (Bonin Is.) Japan].—Saraya and Trono, 1980:15. 

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Caulerpa arenicola W.R. Taylor 

Caulerpa arenicola W.R. Taylor, 1950:55, pi. 28: fig. 2 [type locality: 

Rongelap Atoll, Marshall Is.].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383; 

1982:5, pi. 1:H. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

SIQUIJOR. 

Caulerpa brachypus Harvey 

Caulerpa brachypus Harvey, 1860a:333 [type locality: Tanega-shima, Osumi-gunto.Japan].—Gilbert, 1961:435.—Domantay, 1962:279.—Taylor, 1966b:350.—Kraft, 1972:328.—Trono, 1972a:95; 1973b:217; 

1973d:6, pi. 3: fig. 9.—Cordero, 1974b:6, fig. 1 .—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:130.—Cordero, 1977c:25, 27, fig. 2.—Taylor, 

1977a:4.—Reyes, 1978:153, pi. 7: fig. 4.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:96.— 

Saraya and Trono, 1980:17.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383; 

1982:5, pi. l:i.—Trono and Ang, 1982:4.—Cordero, 1984c:51. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MASBATE. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. PANAY: Antique (Panagatan 

Cays), NEGROS: Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, CEBU 

(Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Surigao del 

Norte, BASILAN. PALAWAN Bugsuk I., Cuyo I.), SULU: Sulu 

(incl. Siasi I.), Tawitawi (incl. Sibutu I., Tumindao I.). 

Caulerpa brachypus Harvey f. parvifolia (Harvey) Cribb 

Caulerpa parvifolia Harvey, 1860b: pi. CLXXII [type locality: Kiama, New 

South Wales, Australia].—Gilbert, 1942:11; 1961:437.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:131. 

Caulerpa brachypus Harvey f. parvifolia (Harvey) Cribb, 1958:209. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (Babuyan 

Is.). 

Caulerpa cupressoides (Vahl) C. Agardh 

Fucus cupressoides Vahl, 1802:38 [type locality: St. Croix, Virgin Is.]. 

Caulerpa cupressoides (Vahl) C. Agardh, 1817:XXIH.—Domantay, 

1962:278.—de los Reyes, 1967:231.—Villones and Magdamo, 

1968:24, fig. 8.—Reyes, 1972:142.—Trono, 1972a:96.—Cordero, 

1973b: 19.—Trono, 1973c:9, fig. 22; 1973d:5, pi. 3: fig. 12; 1975:32.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:130.—Taylor, 1977a:4.—Reyes, 

1978:155, pi. 8, fig. 7.—Trono, 1978:4.—Trono and Tuason, 

1978:4.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:23.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:96.— 

Saraya and Trono, 1980:17.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1982:6, pi. 

1:B,C.—Trono and Ang, 1982:4.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:83, fig. 

16.—Cordero, 1984a:76. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Quezon, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. LEYTE 

(Biliran I.), NEGROS: Negros Oriental. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). 

SULU: Sulu (incl. Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 
NUMBER 27 105 

Caulerpa cupressoides (Vahl) C. Agardh 

var. ericifolia (Turner) Weber-van Bosse 

Fucus ericifolius Turner, 1808:124, pi. 56 [type locality: Bermuda]. 

Caulerpa cupressoides (Vahl) C. Agardh var. ericifolia (Turner) Weber-van 

Bosse, 1898:335.—Domantay, 1962:278. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Caulerpa cupressoides (Vahl) C. Agardh 

var. lycopodium Weber-van Bosse 

Caulerpa lycopodium J. Agardh, 1847:6 [syntype localities: Brazil; West 

Indies]. 

Caulerpa cupressoides (Vahl) C. Agardh var. lycopodium Weber-van Bosse, 

1898:335.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:115.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 

1983:148. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

NOTE.—Caulerpa lycopodium J. Agardh, the intended 

basionym of C. cupressoides var. lycopodium, is a later homonym of C. lycopodium C. Agardh (18l7:xxm) and hence not 

priorable. The Weber-van Bosse trinomial is treated as a 

nomen novum in accordance with Article 72, Note 1, of 

the ICBN. 

Caulerpa cupressoides (Vahl) C. Agardh 

var. lycopodium Weber-van Bosse 

f. amicorum (Harvey) Weber-van Bosse 

Caulerpa amicorum Harvey, 1860a:333 [type locality: O-shima, Amamigunto, Ryukyu-retto, Japan]. 

Caulerpa cupressoides (Vahl) C. Agardh var. lycopodium Weber-van Bosse 

f. amicorum (Harvey) Weber-van Bosse, 1898:337.—Gilbert, 1942: 

17.—Trono, 1973c:9.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383. 

Caulerpa cupressoides (Vahl) C. Agardh 

var. lycopodium Weber-van Bosse 

f. elegans (P. Crouan and H. Crouan) Weber-van Bosse 

Caulerpa plumaris (Forsskal) C. Agardh var. elegans P. Crouan and H. 

Crouan in Schramm and Maze, 1865:39 [type locality: Guadeloupe]. 

Caulerpa cupressoides (Vahl) C. Agardh var. lycopodium Weber-van Bosse 

f. elegans (P. Crouan and H. Crouan) Weber-van Bosse, 1898:336.— 

Cordero, 1977b:32. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Caulerpa elongata Weber-van Bosse 

Caulerpa elongata Weber-van Bosse, 1898:271, pi. XXI: figs. 5, 6 [syntype 

localities: Tongatapu, Tonga; Macassar, Celebes, Indonesia].—Taylor, 

1977a:5. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Sorsogon. 

Caulerpa fastigiata Montagne 

Caulerpa fastigiata Montagne, 1837:353 [type locality: Cuba].—Gilbert, 

1942:9; 1961:436.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:131.—Taylor, 

1977a:5.—Reyes, 1978:154, pi. 8: figs. 1, 2.—Menez and Calumpong, 

1981:383; 1982:6, pi. I:A. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. NEGROS: Negros Occidental (incl. Suyac I.), Negros 

Oriental (incl. Apo I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

BASILAN. 

Caulerpa fergusonii Murray 

Caulerpa fergusonii Murray, 1891:212, pi. 53: figs. 1,2 [type locality: Sri 

Lanka].—Taylor, 1977a:5.—Cordero, 1980b:23, pis. 8, [46].—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:115.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:148.— 

Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:179.—Tungpalan, 1984:139. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: 

doro . CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Oriental MinPHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION. -

sogon. SIQUIJOR. 

-LUZON: Ilocos Norte, SorCaulerpa cupressoides (Vahl) C. Agardh 

var. lycopodium Weber-van Bosse 

f. disticha Weber-van Bosse 

Caulerpa cupressoides (Vahl) C. Agardh var. lycopodium Weber-van Bosse 

f. disticha Weber-van Bosse, 1898:338, pi. XXVII: fig. 14 [syntype 

localities: Guadeloupe; Florida, USA]. 

Caulerpa cupressoides (Vahl) C. Agardh var. disticha Weber-van Bosse, 

1898:327, 328.—Gilbert, 1961:436. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. BASILAN. 

NOTE.—Caulerpa cupressoides var. lycopodium f. disticha 

and C. cupressoides var. disticha are alternative names for 

the same taxon, both being used by Weber-van Bosse in the 

original publication. 

Caulerpa filicoides Yamada 

Caulerpa filicoides Yamada, 1936b: 135, pi. 30: fig. 2 [syntype localities: 

Mikakoand Naha, Ryukyu-retto, Japan].—Saraya and Trono, 1980:15, 

pi. Ill: figs. 1,4. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Caulerpa lentillifera J. Agardh 

Caulerpa lentillifera ]. Agardh, 1837:173 [type locality: Ethiopia].—Gilbert, 1942:23; 1961:436.—Domantay, 1962:277.—Taylor, 1966b:350 

[var. lentillifera].—Villones and Magdamo, 1968:24, fig. 7.—Trono, 

1972a:96; 1973b:217; 1973c:10, fig. 1; 1973d:5, pi. 5: fig. 20; 

1975:33.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:131.—Taylor, 

1977a:5.—Reyes, 1978:155, 162, pi. 8: fig. 6.—Trono, 1978:4.— 

Trono and Tuason, 1978:3.—Cordero, 1979b:276.—Fortes, 

1979:112, figs. 1, 2.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:96.—Moreland, 
106 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

1980:43.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:16.—Trono and Fortes, 

1980:63.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:17, fig. [s.n].—GanzonFortes, 1981:21.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383.—Trono, 

1981a:49.—Calumpong, 1982:145.—Luistro, Cajipe, and Laserna, 

1982:46.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1982:7, pi. 1:F,G.—Trono and 

Fortes, 1982:144.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1985:64, 66. 

Caulerpa lentillifera]. Agardh var. longistipitata Weber-van Bosse in Reinbold, 1901:189 [syntype localities: Ko Chick, Ko Chang Archipelago, 

Thailand; various in Indonesia].—Taylor, 1966b:350. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Batangas, Camarines Norte, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. SAMAR: 

Eastern Samar. PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

CEBU (incl. Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga 

(incl. Sacol I.), Misamis Occidental, Davao. BASILAN. PALAWAN, SULU: Sulu (incl. Siasi I.), Tawitawi (incl. Sibutu I., 

Turtle Is.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Nizamuddin 

(1967:158). 

*Caulerpa lentillifera J. Agardh var. compacta 

Trono and Ang 

Caulerpa lentillifera ]. Agardh var. compacta Trono and Ang, 1982:7, figs. 

1-4 [type locality: Bugsuk I., Palawan Prov.]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Caulerpa mexicana Sonder ex Kutzing 

var. pluriseriata W.R. Taylor 

Caulerpa mexicana Sonder ex Kutzing var. pluriseriata W.R. Taylor, 

1975:77, fig. 1 [including Philippine records] [type locality: Tatagan I., 

Malaysia]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. SIQUIJOR. 

Caulerpa microphysa (Weber-van Bosse) J. Feldmann 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. clavifera (Turner) Weber-van 

Bosse f. microphysa Weber-van Bosse, 1898:361, pi. XXXIII: fig. 5 [type 

locality: Macassar, Celebes, Indonesia].—Cordero, 1984c:52. 

Caulerpa microphysa (Weber-van Bosse) J. Feldmann, 1955:430.—Taylor, 

1966b:350.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:131 .—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383.—Calumpong, 1982:145.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1982:7, pi. 2:L. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MASBATE. NEGROS: Negros 

Oriental (incl. Apo I.), CEBU (Pescador I., Sumilon I.). 

SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga (incl. Sacol I.), BASILAN. 

Caulerpa prolifera (Forsskal) Lamouroux 

Fucus prolifer Forsskal, 1775:193 [type locality: Alexandria, Egypt]. 

Caulerpa prolifera (Forsskal) Lamouroux, 1809b:332.—Ortega, Alcala, 

and Reyes, 1974:185. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Caulerpa lessonii Bory de Saint-Vincent 

Caulerpa lessonii Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1828 [1826-1829]: 193, pi. 22: 

fig. 3 [type locality: Oualan (Kosrae) I., Caroline Is.].—Taylor, 1977a:6. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: La Union, Pangasinan. 

Caulerpa mexicana Sonder ex Kutzing 

Caulerpa mexicana Sonder ex Kutzing, 1849:496 [type locality: Mexico],—Taylor, 1966b:350.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:131.— 

Taylor, 1977a:7.—Trono and Ang, 1982:5. 

Caulerpa taxifolia (Vahl) C. Agardh var. crassifolia C. Agardh, 1822a:436 

[syntype localities: Indian Ocean; Red Sea; West Indies]. 

Caulerpa crassifolia (C. Agardh) J. Agardh, 1873:13.—Weber-van Bosse, 

1913a:99 [f. typica].— Gilbert, 1942:12; 1946:78.—Gilbert, 1961: 

436.—Mefiez, 1961:53.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975: 

130.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383; 1982:6, pi. 1:D,E. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: La Union, Pangasinan, Sorsogon. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. PALAWAN (incl. 

Balabac I., Bugsuk I.), SULU: Tawitawi (Sangasiapu I.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Papenfuss 

(1956:65). Caulerpa crassifolia has priority only from 1873, 

the basionym being at varietal rank. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh 

Fucus racemosus Forsskal, 1775:191 (type locality: Suez, Egypt]. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh, 1873:35.—Gilbert, 1946:78.— 

Zaneveld, 1950:110.—Velasquez, 1953a: 100.—Zaneveld, 1956:6; 

1959:92.—Mefiez, 1961:51.—Taylor, 1966b:350.—de los Reyes, 

1967:231.—Velasquez, 1968a: 119, fig. 1.—Villones and Magdamo, 

1968:12, fig. 6.—Velasquez, 1971:435, fig. 13.—Kraft, 1972:328, 

329.—Reyes, 1972:142.—Trono, 1972a:96.—Velasquez, 1972:63.— 

Bersamin et al., 1973:185.—Trono, 1973b:218.—Trono, 1973d:6, pi. 

2: figs. 7, 8; pi. 4: figs. 13-16.—Velasquez et al., 1973:14, pi. 4: fig. 

20.—Westernhagen, 1973a:64.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 

1974:178.—Westernhagen, 1974:112 (table I).—Trono, 1975:33.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:131.—Cordero, 1976c:6 [var. racemosa]; 1977b:34 [var. racemosa].— Taylor, 1977a:8.—Reyes, 1978:156, 

162, pi. 8: fig. 8; pi. 9: figs. 1-4.—Sotto, 1978:109.—Trono, 1978:5.— 

Trono and Tuason, 1978:3.—Cordero, 1979b:276, 280.—Fortes, 

1979:112, fig. 3.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:23.—Velasquez, 

1979b:230.—Cordero, 1980b:24, pi. 10; 26, pis. 13, [57] [var. racemosa].—Liao and Sotto, 1980:96.—Moreland, 1980:43, 46.—Saraya 

and Trono, 1980:16.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:63.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:19, fig. [s.n].—Trono, Velasquez, and Guevarra, 

1980:76.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Guzman, 1981:43.—Trono and 

De Lara, 1981:4.—Calumpong, 1982:145.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1982:7.—Trono and Ang, 1982:6.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:144.— 

Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:84, fig. 17.—Cordero, 1984a:77; 

1984b:58; 1984c:51.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984b: 121.—Tungpalan, 1984:139.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1985:64, 66. 

Fucus clavifer Turner, 1808:126, pi. 57 [type locality: Red Sea]. 

Caulerpa clavifera (Turner) C. Agardh, 18l7:xxm.—Dickie, 1874a: 197; 
NUMBER 27 107 

1876a:244.—Howe, 1932:169.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:130. 

Chauvinia clavifera (Turner) Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1829 [1826-1829]: 

207.—Martens, 1868:24, 64-65.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:134. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. clavifera (Turner) Weber-van 

Bosse, 1898:361, pi. XXXIII: figs. 1-3.—Gilbert, 1942:18; 1946:78.— 

Quisumbing, 1951:1007.— Gi r ..>_, ; .?fi 1:437.— Galutira and Velasquez, 1964:496.—Taylor, .966b:35L- Aguilar-Santos and Doty, 

1968:174.—Taylor, 1977a: 10.—Mefiez an J Calumpong, 1981:383.— 

Cordero, 1982a:60, fig. 5. -Mefiez and <_,ilumpong, 1982:7, pi. 2:A.— 

Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:115 Hnr^H-<>0 nce and Modelo, 1983:148.— 

Cordero, 1984c:52.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:179. 

Fucus uvifer Turner, 1816 [ 1815-1819]:81, pi. 230 [type locality: Red 

Sea]. 

Caulerpa uvifera C. Agardh, 1817:xxm. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal)J. Agardh var. uvifera (C. Agardh)J. Agardh, 

1873:35.—Collado, 1926:129.—G. Blanco, 1938:512.—Gilbert, 

1942:20.—Zaneveld, 1950:110.—Quisumbing, 1951:1008.—Montilla 

and Blanco, 1953:166.—Zaneveld, 1956:7; 1959:93.—Gilbert, 

1961:440.—Bersamin etal., 1973:185.—Cordero, 1980b:27,pl. 15.— 

Menez and Calumpong, 1981:383; 1982:9, pi. 2:D. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, 

Pangasinan, Bataan, Batangas, Quezon, Albay, Sorsogon. 

CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), 

Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. MASBATE. SAMAR: Western 

Samar, Eastern Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan, 

Antique (incl. Panagatan Cays), NEGROS: Negros Occidental 

(Ilacaon I., Suyac I.), Negros Oriental (incl. Apo I.), CEBU 

(incl. Mactan I., Pescador I., Sumilon I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga (incl. Sacol I.), Misamis Occidental, 

Surigao del Norte, Davao. BASILAN. PALAWAN (incl. Balabac 

I., Bugsuk I., Cuyo I.). SULU: Sulu (incl. Cagayan Sulu I., 

Siasi I.), Tawitawi (incl. Sibutu L, Tumindao I., Turtle Is.). 

NOTE.—The synonymy was proposed by Papenfuss and 

Egerod (1957:88). Fucus uvifer Turner, the intended basionym of Caulerpa uvifera (and other combinations), is a 

later homonym of F. uvifer Forsskal (1775:192) and hence 

not priorable. Caulerpa uvifera C. Agardh is treated as a 

nomen novum in accordance with Article 72, Note 1, of 

the ICBN. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh 

var. corynephora (Montagne) Weber-van Bosse 

Caulerpa corynephora Montagne, 1842a: 14 [type locality: Toud I. (Warrior 

Islet), Torres Strait, Australia]. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. corynephora (Montagne) Weber-van Bosse, 1898:364, pi. XXXIII: figs. 10-13.—Gilbert, 1942:20; 

1961:438. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh 

var. gracilis (Zanardini) Weber-van Bosse 

Caulerpa clavifera (Turner) C. Agardh var. gracilis Zanardini, 1851:37 

[type locality: Tor, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt]. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. gracilis (Zanardini) Weber-van 

Bosse, 1898:370.—Gilbert, 1942:21; 1961:438. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—Locality not specified. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh 

var. laetevirens (Montagne) Weber-van Bosse 

Caulerpa laetevirens Montagne, 1842a: 13 [type locality: Toud I. (Warrior 

Islet), Torres Strait, Australia].—Piccone, 1886:29, 89.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:131. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. laetevirens (Montagne) Webervan Bosse, 1898:366, pi. XXXII: figs. 16-22.—Gilbert, 1942:21; 

1946:78.—Zaneveld, 1950:110; 1956:7; 1959:93.—Gilbert, 1961:438. 

—Taylor, 1966b:35L—Kraft, 1972:328.—Cordero, 1976c:6, 8; 

1977b:33.—Taylor, 1977a: 10.—Cordero, 1980b:25, pi. 11; 

1984c:52. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. MASBATE (incl. Ticao I.), PANAY: Antique (Panagatan Cays), CEBU (incl. 

Olango I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. BASILAN. 

SULU: Tawitawi (Bilitan I., Sibutu I.). 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh 

var. lamourouxii (Turner) Weber-van Bosse 

Fucus lamourouxii Turner, 1816 [ 1815-1819]:79, pi. 229 [type locality: 

Red Sea]. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. lamourouxii (Turner) Webervan Bosse, 1898:368, pi. XXXII: figs. 1-7; pi. XXXIII: fig. 15.— 

Gilbert, 1961:438.—Taylor, 1977a: 10.—Cordero, 1978b:47, fig. 3; 

1980b:26, pi. 12. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Surigao del Sur. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh 

var. macro Weber-van Bosse 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. macro Weber-van Bosse, 

1913a: 106, fig. 26 [syntype localities: Moluccas, Indonesia: Fau Islet, 

Gebe I.; Majalibit Bay, Waigeo I.].—Gilbert, 1942:20; 1961:439. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN (Culion I.). 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. macrophysa 

(Sonder ex Kutzing) Taylor 

Chauvinia macrophysa Sonder ex Kutzing, 1857:6, pi. 15: fig. II [type 

locality: Central America]. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. macrophysa (Sonder ex Kiitzing) Taylor, 1928:101, pi. 12: fig. 3; pi. 13: fig. 9.—Gilbert, 1942:19; 

1961:439.—Domantay, 1962:277.—Taylor, 1966b:351.—Trono, 

1973c:ll, fig. 3.—Menez and Calumpong, 1981:383; 1982:8, pi. 2:c. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU. 

SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. BASILAN. SULU: Sulu 

(North Ubian I.). 
108 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh 

var. occidentalis (J. Agardh) B</>rgesen 

Caulerpa chemnitzia (Esper) Lamouroux var. occidentalis J. Agardh, 

1873:37 [type locality: upper Gulf of Mexico to Recife, Brazil]. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. occidentalis (J. Agardh) 

B^rgesen, 1907:379, figs. 28, 29.—Domantay, 1962:278.—Taylor, 

1966b:351.—Taylor, 1977a: 10—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383; 

1982:8, pi. 2:B.—Cordero, 1984c:51. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan, Rizal, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Oriental 

Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. MASBATE. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. BASILAN. PALAWAN, 

SULU: Sulu (Tapul Group). 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh 

var. peltata (Lamouroux) Eubank 

Caulerpa peltata Lamouroux, 1809b:332 [type locality: Antilles].—Dickie, 

1876a:244.—Collado, 1926:129.—Gilbert, 1942:22 [var. typica]; 

1946:78.—Taylor, 1966b:350 [var. peltata].—de los Reyes, 

1967:231.—Reyes, 1972:142.—Velasquez et al., 1973:14, pi. 4: fig. 

18.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:186, 187.—Trono, 1975:33.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:131.—Cordero, 1976a:84; 

1976c:8.—Taylor, 1977a:8.—Cordero, 1978b:45, fig. 2 [var. typica].— 

Reyes, 1978:156, pi. 9: fig. 5.—Cordero, 1979b:280, fig. 2 [var. typica]; 1980b:23, pi. 9 [var. typica].—Liao and Sotto, 1980:96.—Saraya 

and Trono, 1980:15, pi. II: fig. 3.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:63.— 

Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:144.—Cordero, 

1984a:77; 1984c:5L—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984b:121. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. peltata (Lamouroux) Eubank, 

1946:421, fig. 2M.—Gilbert, 1961:439.—Cordero, 1977b:33.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383; 1982:8, pi. 2:K. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan, 

Batangas, Albay, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. MASBATE. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. LEYTE 

(Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental (incl. 

Apo I.), CEBU (incl. Mactan I., Pescador I., Sumilon I.). 

SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Surigao del Norte, BASILAN. PALAWAN (incl. Cuyo I.), SULU: Sulu (incl. North Ubian 

I., Siasi I.), Tawitawi (incl. Tumindao I.). 

NOTE.—Shameel (1978) argues for retention of C. peltata 

as a distinct species. 

TAXA OF UNCERTAIN VALUE 

The following two infraspecific taxa are probably related 

to Caulerpa racemosa but have not been formally transferred 

to it. 

Caulerpa peltata Lamouroux var. macrodisca (Decaisne) 

Weber-van Bosse 

Caulerpa macrodisca Decaisne, 1842a:336 [type locality: Anambas Is., 

Indonesia].—Howe, 1932:169.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:131.—Taylor, 1977a:7. 

Caulerpa peltata Lamouroux var. macrodisca (Decaisne) Weber-van Bosse, 

1898:376.—Gilbert, 1942:23.—Zaneveld, 1950:110.—Montilla and 

Blanco, 1953:166.—Zaneveld, 1956:6; 1959:92. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PANAY. CEBU. 

Caulerpa peltata Lamouroux var. nummularia 

(Harvey ex J. Agardh) Weber-van Bosse 

Caulerpa nummularia Harvey ex J. Agardh, 1873:38 [syntype localities: 

Tonga; Nukahiva, Marquesas Is.]. 

Caulerpa peltata Lamouroux var. nummularia (Harvey ex J. Agardh) 

Weber-van Bosse, 1898:376, pi. XXXII: fig. 9.—Cordero, 1976a:84, 

fig. 1; 1976c:6; 1977b:32. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh 

var. turbinata (J. Agardh) Eubank 

Caulerpa clavifera (Turner) C. Agardh var. turbinata J. Agardh, 1837:173 

[type locality: near Tor, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt]. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. turbinata (J. Agardh) Eubank, 

1946:420, figs. 2o-q.— Taylor, 1977a: 10.—Cordero, 1980b:27, pi. 14. 

Fucus chemnitzia Esper, 1800:167 [given as "127"], pi. LXXXVIII [type 

locality: Malabar Coast, India]. 

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. chemnitzia (Esper) Weber-van 

Bosse, 1898:370, pi. XXXI: figs. 5-8.—Gilbert, 1961:437. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Sorsogon. SAMAR: 

Eastern Samar. BASILAN. SULU: Sulu. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Weber-van 

Bosse (1898:370). 

* Caulerpa reyesii Menez and Calumpong 

Caulerpa reyesii Mefiez and Calumpong, 1982:10, fig. 2, pi. 3:G-I [type 

locality: Solong-on, Siquijor I.].—Reyes, 1978:157, pi. 9: figs. 6, 7 

[Caulerpa sp.]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Caulerpa selago (Turner) C. Agardh 

Fucus selago Turner, 1808:122, pi. 55 [type locality: Red Sea]. 

Caulerpa selago (Turner) C. Agardh, 1817:xxm.—Weber-van Bosse, 

1913a: 101.—Gilbert, 1946:78; 1961:440.—Velasquez, Trono, and 

Doty, 1975:132.—Taylor, 1977a: 10. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Sangasiapu 

I., Tumindao I.). 

Caulerpa serrulata (Forsskal) J. Agardh 

Fucus serrulatus Forsskal, 1775:189 [type locality: Mokha, Yemen]. 

Caulerpa serrulata (Forsskal) J. Agardh, 1837:174.—Gilbert, 1942:14 

[incl. var. typica f. serrulata]; 1946:78.—Zaneveld, 1950:111.—Montilla 

and Blanco, 1953:166.—Zaneveld, 1956:7; 1959:94.—Gilbert, 

1961:440.—Mefiez, 1961:53.—Domantay, 1962:278.—Taylor, 

1966b:351.—Aguilar-Santos and Doty, 1968:174.—Velasquez, 

1971:435, fig. 15.—Reyes, 1972:142.—Trono, 1972a:96.—Cordero, 
NUMBER 27 109 

1973b:19.—Bersaminet al., 1973:185.—Trono, 1973b:218; 1973c:ll, 

figs. 2, 23; 1973d:7, pi. 5: fig. 19. —Velasquez et al., 1973:15, pi. 5: 

fig. 21.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:186.—Trono, 1975:33.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:132.—Taylor, 1977a: 10 [var. serrulata].—Reyes, 1978:155, pi. 8: fig. 4.—Trono, 1978:5.—Trono and 

Tuason, 1978:3.—Cordero, 1979b:276.—Fortes, 1979:112.—Garcia, 

1979:44 (table 1).—Puig and Cordero, 1979:24.—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:96.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:18.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 

1980:21, fig. [s.n].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383.—Trono and 

De Lara, 1981:4, pi. HI: fig. 1.—Cordero, 1982a:60.—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1982:9, pi. 2:E.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:116—HurtadoPonce and Modelo, 1983:148 [var. serrulata].—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 

1983:84, fig. 18.—Cordero, 1984a:77; 1984b:58; 1984c:51.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:179.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984b: 122. 

Caulerpa freycinetii C. Agardh, 1822a:446 [type locality: Mariana Is.].— 

Collado, 1926:129.—G. Blanco, 1938:512.—Quisumbing, 1951:1007 

[var. typica].—Montilla and Blanco, 1953:166.—de los Reyes, 

1967:231.—Cordero, 1982a:60. 

Caulerpa hummii Diaz-Piferrer, 1969b: 13, fig. 1 [type locality: Orquilla I. 

(cited Orchilla I. in error), Archipielago Los Hermanos, Venezuela].— 

Trono, 1973c:9, fig. 19.—Taylor, 1977a:l 1-12. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan, 

Bataan, Batangas, Quezon, Albay, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. 

MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. MASBATE. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. 

LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental 

(incl. Apo I.), CEBU (incl. Mactan I., Sumilon I.), SIQUIJOR. 

MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Davao. BASILAN. PALAWAN (incl. 

Balabac I., Culion I.), SULU: Sulu (incl. Siasi I.), Tawitawi 

(incl. Tumindao I.). 

NOTE.—The conspecificity of Caulerpa freycinetii and C. 

serrulata was proposed by B0rgesen (1932:5). Caulerpa 

hummii is included as a synonym on the authority of Taylor 

(1977a:ll-12). 

Caulerpa serrulata (Forsskal) J. Agardh 

var. boryana (J. Agardh) Gilbert 

Caulerpa boryana J. Agardh, 1873:20 [type locality: "ad insulas Oceani 

pacifici calidioris"]. 

Caulerpa serrulata (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. boryana (J. Agardh) Gilbert, 

1942:15.—Taylor, 1977a:ll. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MINDANAO: Davao. 

*Caulerpa serrulata (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. boryana 

(J. Agardh) Gilbert f. longifolia Gilbert 

Caulerpa serrulata (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. boryana (J. Agardh) Gilbert f. 

longifolia Gilbert, 1942:16, figs. 4, 5 [type locality: Siasi I., Sulu Prov., 

Sulu Archipelago].—Gilbert, 1961:441.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 

1983:149. 

Caulerpa serrulata (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. boryana 

(J. Agardh) Gilbert f. occidentalis (Weber-van Bosse) 

Yamada and Tanaka 

Caulerpa freycinetii C. Agardh var. boryana f. occidentalis Weber-van Bosse, 

1898:315, pi. XXV: fig. 11 [type locality: Guadeloupe].—Gilbert, 

1942:15; 1961:440. 

Caulerpa serrulata (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. boryana (J. Agardh) Gilbert f. 

occidentalis (Weber-van Bosse) Yamada and Tanaka, 1938:62.—Gilbert, 

1942:15; 1961:441.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383; 1982:9, pi. 

2:F. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

PALAWAN (Culion I.), SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Caulerpa serrulata (Forsskal) J. Agardh f. lata 

(Weber-van Bosse) Tseng 

Caulerpa freycinetii C. Agardh var. typica f. lata Weber-van Bosse, 

1898:313, pi. XXV: fig. 5 [syntype localities: Red Sea; Mariana Is.; 

Tonga; Sumbawa 1., Indonesia; Guadeloupe].—Gilbert, 1942:15; 

1961:440. 

Caulerpa serrulata (Forsskal) J. Agardh f. lata (Weber-van Bosse) Tseng, 

1936:178. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Batangas. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. LEYTE (Biliran I.), CEBU 

(Mactan I.). MINDANAO: Zamboanga. BASILAN. PALAWAN 

(incl. Culion I.). 

Caulerpa serrulata (Forsskal) J. Agardh 

var. pectinata (Weber-van Bosse) W.R. Taylor 

Caulerpa freycinetii C. Agardh var. pectinata Weber-van Bosse, 1898:316 

[type locality: Guadeloupe].—Weber-van Bosse, 1913a:102.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:131 [without designation of variety]. 

Caulerpa serrulata (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. pectinata (Weber-van Bosse) 

W.R. Taylor, 1960:146. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Sangasiapu 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION,-

Sulu (Siasi I.). 

-LUZON: Ilocos Norte, SULU: 

I.). 

Caulerpa serrulata (Forsskal) J. Agardh 

f. spiralis (Weber-van Bosse) Gilbert 

Caulerpa freycinetii C. Agardh var. typica f. spiralis Weber-van Bosse, 

1898:314 [type locality: New Caledonia]. 

Caulerpa serrulata (Forsskal) J. Agardh f. spiralis (Weber-van Bosse) Gilbert, 1942:15 [var. typica f. spiralis].—Trono, 1973c:ll, fig. 2.—Taylor, 1977a:l 1 [var. spiralis]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas, Sorsogon. 

CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SULU: Sulu. 

Caulerpa sertularioides (S.G. Gmelin) Howe 

Fucus sertularioides S.G. Gmelin, 1768:151, pi. XV: fig. 4 [type locality: 

"in coralliis americanis"]. 

Caulerpa sertularioides (S.G. Gmelin) Howe, 1905:576.—Weber-van 

Bosse, 1913a:100 [forma typica].—Collado, 1926:129.—G. Blanco, 
110 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

1938:512.—Gilbert, 1946:78.—Zaneveld, 1950:111.—Quisumbing, 

1951:1008.—Montilla and Blanco, 1953:166.—Zaneveld, 1956:8 

1959:94.—Gilbert, 1 961:441 . — Mefiez, 1961:52.—Domantay 

1962:278.—Galutira and Velasquez, 1964:496.—Taylor, 1966b 

351.—Aguilar-Santos and Doty, 1968:174.—Velasquez, 1968a 

119, fig. 2.—Villones and Magdamo, 1968:24, fig. 9 [figure cited but 

not published].—Velasquez, 1971:435, fig. 14.—Reyes, 1972 

143 — Trono, 1972a:96.—Bersamin et al., 1973:186.—Trono 

1973b:219; 1973c: 12, fig. 4; 1973d:7, pi. 3: fig. 11.—Velasquez et al. 

1973:14, pi. 4: fig. 19.—Westernhagen, 1973a:64.—Ortega, Alcala 

and Reyes, 1974:187.—Westernhagen, 1974:112 (table I).—Trono 

1975:34.—Velasquez, Trono , and Doty, 1975:132.—Taylor 

1977a: 12.—Vannajan and Trono, 1977:44, fig. 8.—Reyes, 1978:154 

162, pi. 7: fig. 6.—Trono, 1978:5.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:5.— 

Cordero, 1979b:276, 280.—Fortes, 1979:112.—Garcia, 1979:44 (table 

1).—Puig and Cordero, 1979:24.—Cordero, 1980b:28.—Saraya and 

Trono, 1980:17.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:64.—Trono and GanzonFortes, 1980:23, fig. [s.n].—Trono, Velasquez, and Guevarra, 

1980:77.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:383.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:5.—Calumpong, 1982:145.— 

Mefiez and Calumpong, 1982:9, pi. 3:F.—Trono and Fortes, 

1982:144.—Trono and Ang, 1982:5.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:116.— 

Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:149.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:85, fig. 19.—Cordero, 1984a:78; 1984b:59; 1984c:5L— 

Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:179.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1984b: 122.— 

Ang, 1985b:298. 

Fucus plumaris Forsskal, 1775:190 [type locality: Mokha, Yemen]. 

Caulerpa plumaris (Forsskal) C. Agardh, 1822a:436.—Montagne, 

1844a:659.—Martens, 1868:62-63.—Dickie, 1876a:245.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:131. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Manila, Batangas, Quezon, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. MASBATE. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: 

Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. PALAWAN (incl. Bugsuk I., 

Cuyo I.), SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I., Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Fucus sertularioides and F. 

plumaris was proposed by C. Agardh (1822a:436), who 

erroneously adopted the later of the two names. The situation was corrected by Howe (1905:576). 

Caulerpa sertularioides (S.G. Gmelin) Howe 

f. brevipes (J. Agardh) Svedelius 

Caulerpa plumaris (Forsskal) C. Agardh var. brevipes ]. Agardh, 1873:15 

[type locality: uncertain; see Note]. 

Caulerpa sertularioides (S.G. Gmelin) Howe f. brevipes (J. Agardh) Svedelius, 1906:114.—Gilbert, 1942:13; 1961:441.—Taylor, 1966b:351 

[var. sertularioides f. brevipes].—Cordero, 1976c:8 [var. brevipes]; 

1977b:34. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Rizal, Manila Bay. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. PALAWAN (Cuyo L). 

SULU: Tawitawi (Pearl Bank, Turtle Is.). 

NOTE.—I n the protologue of C. plumaris var. brevipes, ]. 

Agardh cited as a synonym Fucus sertularioides S.G. Gmelin, 

a species with the West Indies as its type locality, but 

indicated the provenance of the variety as "in pacifico 

calidiore." An examination of pertinent specimens in the 

Agardh Herbarium (in LD) would probably resolve the 

conflict. 

Caulerpa sertularioides (S.G. Gmelin) Howe 

f. farlowii (Weber-van Bosse) B^rgesen 

Caulerpa plumaris (Forsskal) C. Agardh f. farlowii Weber-van Bosse, 

1898:295, pi. XXIV: figs. 5, 6 ["farlowi"] [syntype localities: Ilhas do 

Cabo Verde; Florida, USA; Flores, Indonesia]. 

Caulerpa sertularioides (S.G. Gmelin) Howe f. farlowii (Weber-van Bosse) 

Btf>rgesen, 1907:365.—Trono and Ang, 1982:6. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). 

Caulerpa sertularioides (S.G. Gmelin) Howe 

f. flagellata (Weber-van Bosse) Weber-van Bosse 

Caulerpa plumaris (Forsskal) C. Agardh f. flagellata Weber-van Bosse, 

1898:295, pi. XXIV: fig. 10 [type locality: Tonga]. 

Caulerpa sertularioides (S.G. Gmelin) Howe f. flagellata (Weber-van Bosse) 

Weber-van Bosse, 1913a: 101 [including Philippine record]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Sangasiapu 

I.). 

Caulerpa sertularioides (S.G. Gmelin) Howe 

f. longipes (J. Agardh) Collins 

Caulerpa plumaris (Forsskal) C. Agardh var. longipes ]. Agardh, 1873:15 

[type locality: West Indies]. 

Caulerpa sertularioides (S.G. Gmelin) Howe f. longipes (J- Agardh) Collins, 

1909:415.—Weber-van Bosse, 1913a: 101. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.). 

Caulerpa sertularioides (S.G. Gmelin) Howe 

f. longiseta (Bory de Saint-Vincent) Svedelius 

Caulerpa plumaris (Forsskal) C. Agardh var. longiseta Bory de SaintVincent, 1828 [1826-1829]: 194, pi. 22: fig. 4 [type locality: not specified]. 

Caulerpa sertularioides (S.G. Gmelin) Howe f. longiseta (Bory de SaintVincent) Svedelius, 1906:114, fig. 10.—Gilbert, 1942:13; 1961:441.— 

Domantay, 1962:278.—Taylor, 1966b:351. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Ilocos 

Sur, Pangasinan, Bataan, Rizal, Manila Bay. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. BASILAN. PALAWAN. 

Caulerpa subserrata Okamura 

Caulerpa subserrata Okamura, 1897:3, pi. I: figs. 1,2 [type locality: Ogasawara-gunto (Bonin Is.), Japan].—Cordero, 1980c:70, fig. 1.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:117.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:149.— 

Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:86, fig. 20. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 
NUMBER 27 111 

Caulerpa taxifolia (Vahl) C. Agardh 

Fucus taxifolius Vahl, 1802:36 [type locality: St. Croix, Virgin Is.]. 

Caulerpa taxifolia (Vahl) C. Agardh, 1817:xxil.—Montagne, 1844a 

659.—Martens, 1868:62-63.—Gilbert, 1942:12; 1946:78; 1961 

441.—Mefiez, 1961:53.—de los Reyes, 1967:231.—Trono, 1975 

34.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:133.—Cordero, 1976c 

10; 1977b:34.— Taylor, 1977a: 13.—Reyes, 1978:155, pi. 8: fig. 5.— 

Liao and Sotto, 1980:96.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:16.—Trono and 

Fortes, 1980:64.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:383.—Cordero, 1984a:78; 1984b:59; 1984c:51. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan, Sorsogon. MASBATE. LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. BASILAN. PALAWAN, SULU: Sulu 

(North Ubian I.). 

Caulerpa urvilliana Montagne 

Caulerpa urvilliana Montagne, 1845:21 [type locality: Toud I. (Warrior 

Islet), Torres Strait, Australia].—Taylor, 1966b:352.—Trono, 

1972a:97; 1973b:219; 1973d:7, pi. 2: fig. 5; 1975:35.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:133.—Taylor, 1977a:14 [var. urvilliana].— 

Reyes, 1978:154, pi. 7: fig. 5.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383; 

1982:10, pi. 3:D,E.—Trono and Ang, 1982:6. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Sorsogon. NEGROS: 

Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN 

(incl. Bugsuk I., Cuyo I.). SULU: Sulu (incl. Siasi I.), Tawitawi 

(incl. Pearl Bank, Sibutu I.). 

Caulerpa urvilliana Montagne 

var. vitiensis Weber-van Bosse 

Caulerpa urvilliana Montagne var. vitiensis Weber-van Bosse, 1898:319, 

pi. XXVI: fig. 12 [syntype localities: Fiji; New Hebrides].—Taylor, 

1977a:14. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu. 

Caulerpa verticillata J. Agardh 

Caulerpa verticillata J. Agardh, 1847:6 [type locality: not specified].— 

Gilbert, 1961:442.—Trono, 1973b:219; 1973d:8, pi. 3: fig. 10.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:133.—Taylor, 1977a: 14.—Reyes, 

1978:154, pi. 8: fig. 3 [forma typica].—Saraya and Trono, 1980:18.— 

Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383; 1982:10, pi. 3:A-C. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Apo I.), CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. 

BASILAN. PALAWAN, SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Caulerpa vesiculifera (Harvey) Harvey 

Caulerpa simpliciuscula (Turner) C. Agardh var. vesiculifera Harvey, 1859: 

pi. LXV: figs. 3, 4 [lectotype locality: Western Port, Victoria, Australia 

fide Womersley, 1984:272]. 

Caulerpa vesiculifera (Harvey) Harvey, 1863:lvi.—Taylor, 1966b:352.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:133. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN. 

Caulerpa webbiana Montagne 

Caulerpa webbiana Montagne, 1837:354 [type locality: Arrecife, Isla Lanzarote, Islas Canarias].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383; 1982:10, 

pi. 2:G-J.—Cordero, 1984a:78. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Apo I.). 

Caulerpa webbiana Montagne var. pickeringii 

(Harvey and Bailey) Eubank 

Caulerpa pickeringii Harvey and Bailey, 1851:373 [type locality: Wilson's 

I. (Manihi I.), Tuamotu Archipelago].—Trono, 1973a:I28. 

Caulerpa webbiana Montagne var. pickeringii (Harvey and Bailey) Eubank, 

1946:416. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Sorsogon. 

Family CODIACEAE 

Codium Stackhouse 

A preliminary study (unpublished) of Philippine Codium 

was made by P.C. Silva in 1950-1951 as part of a worldwide 

survey of the genus, but with special reference to Hawaii 

(Silva, 1952b). It was concluded that the representation in 

the Indonesian-Philippine region posed many problems that 

could not be solved until the genus as a whole was better 

understood. Subsequently, the Codium flora has been 

worked out for five temperate regions—southern Australia 

(Silva and Womersley, 1956), South Africa (Silva, 1959), 

New Zealand, Japan, and Pacific Mexico (the last three 

unpublished)—each showing a high degree of endemism. 

In addition, the Codium flora of the tropical Atlantic has 

been worked out (Silva, 1960), but Indonesian-Philippine 

collections that have become available since 1951 have been 

examined only superficially. At present, it is easier to say 

which species do not occur in the Philippines than it is to 

say which ones are there. 

Codium arabicum Kutzing 

Codium arabicum Kutzing, 1856:35, pi. 100: fig. II [type locality: Tor, 

Sinai Peninsula, Egypt].—Silva, 1952b:382, figs. 11-13, pi. 346.— 

Mefiez, 1961:54, pi. 6: figs. 58, 59.—Reyes, 1972:143.—Trono 

1973b:221; 1973c: 13, fig. 5.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:185 

186.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:137.—Reyes, 1978:157, pi 

9: fig. 8.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:20, pi 

IV: fig. 2.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383.—Trono and De Lara 

1981:5, pi. Ill: fig. 2.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:149.—Me 

fiez, Phillips, and Calumpong, 1983:23.—Mefiez and Calumpong 

1984:105.—Ang, 1985b:298. 

Codium coronatum Setchell, 1926:82, pi. 10: figs. 2-5 ; pi. 11: figs. 2, 3; pi 

12: figs. 1, 5 [type locality: Arue Reef, Tahiti].—Gilbert, 1947:123 

1961:442.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:137. 

Codium adhaerens [misapplied name].—Dickie, I876a:243.—Gilbert 

1946:78; 1947:123; 1961:442.—Villones and Magdamo, 1968:25, fig 

11.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:136.—Cordero, 1979b:276 
112 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

281.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:26.—Cordero, 1984b:59; 1984c:52. 

Codium setchellii [misapplied name].—Cordero, 1973b:20.—Westernhagen, 1973a:64; 1974:112 (table I).—Cordero, 1976c:8; 1977b:42,pl. 

VII: figs. 39-42; 1980b:30, fig. 3A. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan, Batangas, Quezon, MASBATE. MINDORO: 

Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. LEYTE 

(Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU 

(Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. BASILAN. PALAWAN, SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Silva 

(1952b:382). Codium adhaerens C. Agardh (1822a:457) is 

restricted to the Atlantic coast of southern Europe and 

adjacent North Africa, while C. setchellii Gardner 

(1919:489, pi. 42: figs. 10, 11) is restricted to the cooltemperate portion of the Pacific coast of North America. 

*Codium bartlettii Tseng and Gilbert 

Codium bartlettii Tseng and Gilbert, 1942:291, figs. 1, 2a [type locality: 

Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro Prov., Mindoro].—Gilbert, 1947:124; 

1961:442.—Trono, 1973c: 13, fig. 8.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:137.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383.—Calumpong, 1982: 

145. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Codium contractum Kjellman 

Codium contractum Kjellman, 1897b:35, pi. 2: fig. 12; pi. 7: figs. 1-3 [type 

locality: Amakusa Is., Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan],—Gilbert, 

1947:124; 1961:442.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:137. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cavite. 

Codium cylindricum Holmes 

Codium cylindricum Holmes, 1896:250, pi. 7: figs. \a,b [type locality: 

Misaki, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan].—Cordero, 1980b:28; 1984a:79. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, SAMAR: Eastern Samar. 

Codium difforme auctorum 

Codium difforme [misapplied name].—Gepp and Gepp, 1911:134.—Weber-van Bosse, 1913a: 118.—Gilbert, 1946:78; 1961:443.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:137. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.). 

NOTE.—Codium difforme Kutzing (1843b:309) is a taxonomic synonym of C. effusum (Rafinesque) Delle Chiaje 

(1829:14, pi. 37), a name that applies to a species restricted 

to the Mediterranean Sea and adjacent Atlantic Ocean 

shores. The Siboga record (Gepp and Gepp, 1911:134) 

probably is referable to C. spongiosum Harvey (1855:565), 

a widespread Indo-Pacific species. The specimen, which 

would permit confirmation, is not among other Siboga 

collections at Leiden (L). 

Codium edule P.C. Silva 

Codium edule P.C. Silva, 1952b:392, fig. 18, pi. Sbb [type locality: Waikiki, 

Oahu, Hawaiian Is.].—Trono and Fortes, 1980:64.—Ganzon-Fortes, 

1981:21.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:145.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983: 

119.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983: 149.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:94, fig. 27.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1984:179.— MarcosAgngarayngay, 1984b: 122. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Codium elongatum auctorum 

Codium elongatum [misapplied name].—Gepp and Gepp, 1911:136.— 

Weber-van Bosse, 1913a: 120.—Gilbert, 1946:78; 1961:443.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:137. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Tawitawi (Pearl 

Bank). 

NOTE.—Codium elongatum (Turner) C. Agardh 

(1822a:454) is a nomenclatural synonym of C. decorticatum 

(Woodward) Howe (1911:494), a name that applies to a 

species restricted to warm waters of the Mediterranean Sea 

and Atlantic Ocean (cf. Silva, 1960:516-521). The Siboga 

record (Gepp and Gepp, 1911:136) may be referable to C. 

papillatum, but the voucher specimen is not among other 

Siboga collections at Leiden (L). 

Codium fragile (Suringar) Hariot 

Acanthocodium fragile Suringar, 1867:258 [type locality: Japan]. 

Codium fragile (Suringar) Hariot, 1889:32.—Westernhagen, 1973a:64.— 

Cordero, 1980b:29, pi. 17.—Tungpalan, 1984:139. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

PANAY: Aklan. CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. 

Codium geppii O.C. Schmidt 

Codium divaricatum A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp, 1911:136, 145, pi. 22: figs. 

195-199 [syntype localities: Great Kai I., Moluccas and Kwandang Bay, 

Celebes, Indonesia] [replaced name]. 

Codium geppii O.C. Schmidt, 1923:50, fig. 33.—Gilbert, 1947:123.— 

Quisumbing, 1951:1009.—Gilbert, 1961:443.—Domantay, 1962: 

280.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:137.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383.—Calumpong, 1982:145. 

Codium repens [misapplied name].—Cordero, 1977b:42, pi. VII: figs. 43 -

45; 1979b:276; 1980b:30, fig. 3B, pi. 18.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 

1983:97, fig. 28; 1984b: 122.—Tungpalan, 1984:139. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, La Union, Pangasinan, Albay. 

CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. PANAY: Aklan. 

NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

NOTE.—Codium repens P. Crouan and H. Crouan (in 
NUMBER 27 113 

Vickers, 1905:56) in the Atlantic is the ecological and 

taxonomic counterpart of C. geppii in the Indo-Pacific. Each 

species encompasses a wide range of morphological variation. Codium geppii is a substitute name for C. divaricatum 

A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp, a later homonym of C. divaricatum 

(C. Agardh) Biasoletto (1841:237). 

Codium platyclados Jones and Kraft 

Codium platyclados Jones and Kraft, 1984:266, figs. 8-13 [including Philippine record, page 273, figs. 10B, 12c] [type locality: Lord Howe I.]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Sorsogon (San Bernardino I.). 

Codium intricatum Okamura 

Codium intricatum Okamura, 1913:74, pi. CXX: figs. 9-13 [syntype localities: various, all in Japan].—Gilbert, 1947:123; 1961:443.—Mefiez, 

1961:54, pi. 6: figs. 63, 64.—Galutira and Velasquez, 1964:499, pi. 2: 

fig. 5; pi. 7: fig. 25.—Velasquez, 1968a: 120, fig. 4; 1971:437, fig. 18; 

1972:63.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:137.—Reyes, 1978:157, 

162, pi. 9: figs. 9, 10.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:26.—Velasquez, 

1979b:230.—Cordero, 1980b:29, pi. 16.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97.— 

Saraya and Trono, 1980:20.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:64.—Trono, 

Velasquez, and Guevarra, 1980:77.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Guzman, 1981:43.—Cordero, 1982a:60.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:145.— 

Cordero, 1984a:79.—Tungpalan, 1984:139. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Quezon, LEYTE (Biliran I.), CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. BASILAN. 

Codium muelleri auctorum 

Codium muelleri [misapplied name].—Zaneveld, 1950:112; 1956:9; 

1959:95.—Bersamin etal., 1973:186. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos, La 

Union, Pangasinan. LEYTE. CEBU. BOHOL. 

NOTE.—Codium muelleri Kutzing (1856:34, pi. 95: fig. 

II) is a distinctive species apparently restricted to southwestern and southern Australia. It seems likely that these 

records of C. muelleri and most (if not all) Philippine records 

of C. tenue apply to the same undescribed species. 

Codium ovale Zanardini 

Codium ovale Zanardini, 1878:37 [type locality: Sorong, Irian Barat, Indonesia].—Gepp and Gepp, 1911:134.—Weber-van Bosse, 1913a: 

118.—Gilbert, 1946:78; 1961:443.—Trono, 1973b:22L—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:137. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I., 

Siasi I.), Tawitawi (Pearl Bank, Sangasiapu I.). 

*Codium papillatum Tseng and Gilbert 

Codium papillatum Tseng and Gilbert, 1942:293, figs. 2b-d, 3 [type locality: 

Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro Prov.].—Gilbert, 1947:124; 

1961:443.—Galutira and Velasquez, 1964:497, pi. 2: fig. 4; pi. 6: figs. 

23a,6.—Velasquez, 1972:63.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975: 

137._Velasquez, 1979b:230.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:64.—GanzonFortes, 1981:21.—Cordero, 1982a:60, fig. 4.—Trono and Fortes, 

1982:145. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Bataan, Cavite. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Codium pugniforme Okamura 

Codium pugniforme Okamura, 1915:147, pi. CXXXV: figs. 6-9 ["pugniformis"] [syntype localities: various, all in Japan].—Cordero, 1973b:20 [C. 

pugniforme prox.].—Puig and Cordero, 1979:26. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

Codium tenue auctorum 

Codium tenue [misapplied name].—Gepp and Gepp, 1911:136.—Seale, 

1911:309.—Wester, 1916:158.—Weber-van Bosse, 1913a: 120.—Wester, 1921:224; 1924:21.—G. Blanco, 1938:512.—Gilbert, 1946:78.— 

Zaneveld, 1950:112.—Quisumbing, 1951:1009.—Montilla and Blanco, 

1953:166, fig. 5: 5.—Zaneveld, 1956:10; 1959:96.—Gilbert, 1961: 

443.—Domantay, 1962:279.—Cordero, 1973b:20.—Velasquez et al., 

1973:17, pi. 6: fig. 28.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975: 

137.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:27.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:64.— 

Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Guzman, 1981:43.—Cordero, 1982a:60, 

fig. 3.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:145.—Cordero, 1984a:79.— Tungpalan, 1984:139. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, La Union, Pangasinan, Bataan. 

LEYTE (Biliran I.), SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.). 

NOTE.—Codium tenue (Kutzing) Kutzing (1856:33, pi. 95: 

fig. I) appears to be restricted to estuaries of South Africa 

(cf. Silva, 1959:140-143). Placement of Philippine records 

awaits completion of a monographic study. 

Codium tomentosum auctorum 

Codium tomentosum [misapplied name].—Montagne, 1844a:659.—Martens, 1868:47, 64-65.—Dickie, 1876a:243.—Piccone, 1886:29, 89.— 

Schmidt, 1923:39.—Zaneveld, 1950:112; 1956:10; 1959:96.—Mefiez, 

1961:54, pi. 6: figs. 60-62.—Reyes, 1972:143.—Cordero, 1973b:20.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:137.—Reyes, 1978:157, 162, pi. 9: 

figs. 11, 12.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:64. 

Codium dichotomum [misapplied name].—Gilbert, 1946:78; 1961:442.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:137. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. MASBATE (Ticao I.), LEYTE (Biliran I.), NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. 

NOTE.—Codium dichotomum S.F. Gray (1821:293) is a 

nomenclatural synonym of Codium tomentosum Stackhouse 

(1797 [ 1795-180 l]:xxiv), a name that applies to a species 

restricted to the eastern North Atlantic (cf. Silva, 

1955:569-571). Placement of the Philippine records awaits 

completion of a monographic study. 
114 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Family HALIMEDACEAE 

Halimeda Lamouroux 

Halimeda bikinensis W.R. Taylor 

Halimeda bikinensis W.R. Taylor, 1950:87, 207, pi. 48: fig. 1 [type locality: 

Bikini Atoll, Marshall Is.].—Cordero and Tanaka, 1972:83, figs. 1A, 

2E,F.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:22, pi. V: fig. 2.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:89, fig. 22.—Cordero, 1984a:80. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (Babuyan 

Is.), Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan. 

Halimeda copiosa Goreau and Graham 

Halimeda copiosa Goreau and Graham, 1967:433, figs. 1-10 [type locality: 

Jamaica]. 

Halimeda opuntia (Linnaeus) Lamouroux f. hederacea Barton, 1901:21, pi. 

Ill: fig. 23 [lectotype locality: Tanah-Djampeah, Flores Sea, Indonesia 

fide Colinvaux, 1968:32].—Gilbert, 1947:130; 1961:444. 

Halimeda opuntia (Linnaeus) Lamouroux var. hederacea (Barton) Hillis, 

1959:360, pi. 5: fig. 4 [including Philippine records].—Cordero, 

1977b:40. 

Halimeda hederacea (Barton) Colinvaux, 1968:30, figs. 1, 2(1,4,5,6,8) 

[including Philippine record]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Quezon. 

MINDANAO: Zamboanga. BASILAN. SULU: Sulu (near Lapac 

I.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Hillis-Colinvaux 

(1980:118). 

Halimeda cuneata Hering 

Halimeda cuneata Hering in Krauss, 1846:214 [type locality: "Natalbai" 

(Durban), South Africa].—Martens, 1868:25, 66-67.—Mefiez, 

1961:58, pi. 4: figs. 43-46; pi. 5: figs. 54, 55.—Cordero, 1973b:2L— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:147.—Cordero, 1977b:39, pi. VI: 

fig. 30; 1979b:281.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:27.—Cordero, 

1980b:31, fig. 1B, pi. 19.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:90, fig. 23.— 

Cordero, 1984a:80 [with query].—Tungpalan, 1984:138. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan. SAMAR: Western Samar, Eastern Samar. 

LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Surigao del Sur. 

Halimeda cylindracea Decaisne 

Halimeda cylindracea Decaisne, 1842b: 103 [type locality: Nosy-be, Malagasy Republic].—Hillis, 1959:373, pi. 4: fig. 3; pi. 5: figs. 22, 23; pi. 6: 

fig. 19; pi. 7: fig. 13.—Taylor, 1966b:353 ["cylindrica"].— Trono, 

1972a:97.—Cordero, 1973a: 167, figs. 1-4.—Trono, 1973b:225; 

1975:36.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:147 ["cylindracea" and 

"cylindrica"].—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:25, fig. [s.n].—Trono 

and Ang, 1982:11. 

Halimeda monile [misapplied name fide Hillis, 1959:374].—Gilbert, 

1947:130; 1961:443— Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:148. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas, Quezon, 

Sorsogon. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I., 

Culion I.), SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

Halimeda discoidea Decaisne 

Halimeda discoidea Decaisne, 1842b: 102 [type locality: said to be "Kamtschatka" but true provenance unknown].—Martens, 1868:25, 66-

67—Gilbert, 1946:78; 1947:125 [f. typica].—Hillis, 1959:352, pi. 2: 

fig. 5; pi. 5: fig. 11; pi. 6: fig. 11; pi. 7: figs. 9, 10; pi. 8: figs. 5-8.— 

Gilbert, 1961:443 [incl. f. discoidea].—Mefiez, 1961:57, pi. 4: figs. 47-

50.—Taylor, 1966b:353 [var. discoidea].—Reyes, 1972:143.—Trono, 

1972a:97.—Cordero, 1973b:21.—Trono, 1973b:225; 1973c: 15, figs. 

7, 11; 1973d:8, pi. 6: figs. 23, 24.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 

1974:186, 187, 188.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:147.—Trono 

and Young, 1977:55.—Reyes, 1978:159, pi. 11: figs. 5, 6.—Trono, 

1978:6.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:4.—Garcia, 1979:44 (table 1).— 

Puig and Cordero, 1979:27.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97.—Saraya and 

Trono, 1980:22, pi. IV: figs. 3, 4.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:117.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:149.—Cordero, 1984c:52.—Tungpalan, 

1984:138. 

*Halimeda discoidea Decaisne f. intermedia Gilbert, 1947: 126 [type locality: 

Dalupiri I., Babuyan Is., Cagayan Prov., Luzon].—Gilbert, 1961:443. 

*Halimeda discoidea Decaisne f. subdigitata Gilbert, 1947:125 [type locality: 

Siasi Island, Sulu Prov., Sulu Archipelago].—Gilbert, 1961:443.—Taylor, 1966b:353 [var. discoidea f. subdigitata]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (Babuyan 

Is.), Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: 

Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. MASBATE. SAMAR: Eastern 

Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.). NEGROS: Negros Oriental. CEBU 

(Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. BASILAN. PALAWAN (incl. Balabac I.), SULU: Sulu (incl. Cagayan Sulu I., 

Siasi I.), Tawitawi (incl. Pearl Bank, Sibutu I.). 

NOTE.—Hillis (1959:354) does not give taxonomic recognition to the formae of this species. 

Halimeda fragilis W.R. Taylor 

Halimeda fragilis W.R. Taylor, 1950:88, 207, pi. 48: fig. 2 [type locality: 

Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Is.].—Cordero, 1976c:6; 1977b:39, pi. VI: 

fig. 34.—Trono and Young, 1977:56.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:5.— 

Saraya and Trono, 1980:23.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan. CATANDUANES. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Halimeda gigas W.R. Taylor 

Halimeda gigas W.R. Taylor, 1950:84, 206, pi. 44: fig. 2 [type locality: 

Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Is.].—Domantay, 1962:280.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:147. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Halimeda gracilis Harvey ex J. Agardh 

Halimeda gracilis Harvey ex J. Agardh, 1887:82 [type locality: Sri 

Lanka].—Gilbert, 1946:78; 1961:443.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:147.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:117.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 

1983:149.—Cordero, 1984a:80; 1984b:60. 
NUMBER 27 115 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte. PALAWAN. 

Halimeda incrassata (Ellis) Lamouroux 

Corallina incrassata Ellis, 1768:408, pi. XVII: figs. 20-27 [type locality: 

West Indies]. 

Halimeda incrassata (Ellis) Lamouroux, 1816:307.—Hillis, 1959:365, pi. 

4: figs. 1, 2; pi. 5: fig. 21; pi. 6: figs. 21-24.—Gilbert, 1961:444.— 

Velasquez, 1971:437, fig. 17.—Trono, 1972a:98.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:148.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:23, pi. V: fig. 3. 

Corallina tridens Ellis and Solander, 1786:109, pi. 20: fig. a [type locality: 

"coast of the new ceded Islands" (probably Dominica)]. 

Halimeda tridens (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux, 1816:308.—Gilbert, 

1947:130 [forma typica].—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:148. 

Halimeda incrassata (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux f. lamourouxii J. 

Agardh, 1887:86 [syntype localities: West Indies; Australia].—Gilbert, 

1961:444. 

Halimeda tridens (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux f. lamourouxii (J. Agardh) 

Gilbert, 1947:131. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Quezon. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. BASILAN. PALAWAN (incl. Culion I., Cuyo 1.). SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I., Siasi I.), 

Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—The synonymy was proposed by Hillis 

(1959:365). 

Halimeda lacunalis W.R. Taylor 

Halimeda lacunalis W.R. Taylor, 1950:91, 208, pi. 51 [type locality: 

Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Is.].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:382. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Halimeda macroloba Decaisne 

Halimeda macroloba Decaisne, 1841:118 [type locality: Red Sea].—Montagne, 1844a:659.—Dickie, 1876a:243.—Barton, 1901:24, pi. Ill: figs. 

33-38.—Weber-van Bosse, 1913a: 122.—Gilbert, 1946:78; 

1947:126.—Hillis, 1959:375, pi. 3: fig. 3; pi. 5: figs. 19, 20; pi. 6: fig. 

17.—Gilbert, 1961:443.—Domantay, 1962:280.—Moul, 1964:6.— 

Taylor, 1966b:353— Cordero and Tanaka, 1972:85, figs. 1B, 2C,D. — 

Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:172, 179, 183.—Reyes, 1972:144.— 

Trono, 1972a:98; 1973b:226; 1973c: 15, figs. 10, 12; 1973d:9.—Velasquez et al., 1973:17, pi. 6: fig. 27.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 

1974:186.—Trono, 1975:37.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty. 

1975:148.—Trono and Young, 1977:56—Reyes, 1978:159, pi. 11: 

figs. 1, 2.—Trono, 1978:7.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:5.—Cordero, 

1979b:28L—Puig and Cordero, 1979:28.—Cordero, 1980b:32, fig. 

2B, pi. 20.—Fortes and Trono, 1980:68.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:20, 

pi. V: fig. 1.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:27, fig. [s.n].—Mefiez 

and Calumpong, 1981:383.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:6, pi. IV: fig. 

1.—Trono and Ang, 1982:11.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:118.—HurtadoPonce and Modelo, 1983:149.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:90, fig. 

24.—Cordero, 1984a:81.—Cordero, 1984b:60.—Cordero, 1984c: 

52.—Tungpalan, 1984:138. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(incl. Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, La Union, Pangasinan, 

Bataan, Batangas, Quezon, Camarines Norte, Sorsogon. 

CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), 

Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. MASBATE. SAMAR: Eastern 

Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros 

Oriental, CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. BOHOL. MINDANAO: 

Zamboanga, Surigao del Sur. BASILAN. PALAWAN (incl. Balabac I., Bugsuk I., Culion I.). SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi 

(incl. Pearl Bank, Sibutu 1., Turtle Is.). 

Halimeda macrophysa Askenasy 

Halimeda macrophysa Askenasy, 1888:14, pi. IV: figs. 1-4 [type locality: 

Makutu I., Fiji].—Taylor, 1966b:353.—Trono, 1975:37.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:148.—Trono and Young, 1977:56.—Trono 

and Tuason, 1978:6. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. SULU: Tawitawi (Turtle Is.). 

Halimeda micronesica Yamada 

Halimeda micronesica Yamada, 194lb: 121, fig. 15 [type locality: Ant Atoll, 

near Ponape, Caroline Is.].—Hillis, 1959:364, pi. 3: fig. 1; pi. 5: fig. 13, 

14; pi. 6: fig. 2.—Gilbert, 1961:444.—Taylor, 1966b:353.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:148. 

* Halimeda orientalis Gilbert, 1947:126, fig. 1 [type locality: Tumakid, 

Basilan I.]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BASILAN. SULU: Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Hillis (1959: 

364). 

Halimeda opuntia (Linnaeus) Lamouroux 

Corallina opuntia Linnaeus, 1758:805 [lectotype locality: Jamaica fide 

Hillis, 1959:361]. 

Halimeda opuntia (Linnaeus) Lamouroux, 1816:308.—Martens, 1868:25, 

64-65.—Dickie, 1876a:243, 245 [f. typica].—Barton, 1901:18, pi. II: 

figs. 19-21.—Weber-van Bosse, 1913a: 121 [f. typica].—Merrill, 

1918:39.—Gilbert, 1946:78.—Gilbert, 1947:129 [f. typica].—Hillis, 

1959:359, pi. 2: figs. 7, 8; pi. 5: fig. 3; pi. 6: fig. 6; pi. 7: fig. 3 [var. 

opuntia].—Gilbert, 1961:443 [incl. f. opuntia].—Menez, 1961:59, pi. 5: 

figs. 51-53, 56, 57.—Domantay, 1962:280.—Moul, 1964:6 [var. opuntia].—Taylor, I966b:353— Villones and Magdamo, 1968:25, fig. 13.— 

Velasquez, 1971:437, fig. 16.—Reyes, 1972:144.—Trono, 

1972a:98.—Cordero, 1973b:21.—Trono, 1973b:226; 1973c: 16, fig. 9; 

1973d:9.—Velasquez et al., 1973:16, pi. 5: fig. 24.—Westernhagen, 

1973a:65.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:185, 186, 187.—Trono, 

1975:37.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:148.—Cordero, 

1976c:8, 9, 10; 1977b:40, pi. VI: figs. 31-33 [var. opuntia].—Taylor] 

1977b: 10.—Trono and Young, 1977:55.—Reyes, 1978:158, pi. 10: 

figs. 5, 6.—Trono, 1978:7.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:6.—Puig and 

Cordero, 1979:28.—Calumpong, 1980:143 (table 3).—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:97.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:21, pi. VI: fig. 1.—Trono and 

Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:29, fig. [s.n].—Chan, 1981:387.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:6, pi. Ill: fig. 3. 

Trono and Ang, 1982:10.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:118.—HurtadoPonce and Modelo, 1983:149.—Cordero, I984a:81; 1984b:60. 

*Fucus prolifer M. Blanco, 1837:838 [type locality: "Punta Santiago" (Batangas Prov. ?)].—M. Blanco, 1845:579; 1879:259.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:144. 

Halimeda triloba Decaisne, 1842:102 [lectotype locality: China Sea fide 
116 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Barton, 1901 explanation of pi. II: fig. 20].—Bailey and Harvey, 

1862:173.—Martens, 1868:64-65.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:149. 

Halimeda opuntia (Linnaeus) Lamouroux f. triloba (Decaisne) J. Agardh, 

1887:84.—Gilbert, 1947:129. 

Halimeda cordata]. Agardh, 1887:83 [type locality: Red Sea]. 

Halimeda opuntia (Linnaeus) Lamouroux f. cordata (J. Agardh) Barton, 

1901:20, pi. II: fig. 21.—Gilbert, 1947:129; 1961:444. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, La Union, Pangasinan, Batangas, Quezon, Camarines Norte, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. 

MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.), GUIMARAS. 

NEGROS: Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, CEBU (incl. 

Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. BOHOL. MINDANAO: Zamboanga (incl. 

Sacol I.), Misamis Occidental, Davao. BASILAN. PALAWAN 

(incl. Balabac I., Bugsuk I. Culion I., Cuyo I.). SULU: Sulu 

(North Ubian I., Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Hillis-Colinvaux (1980:110) does not give taxonomic recognition to formae cordata and triloba. According to Merrill (1918:39), Blanco's description of Fucus prolifer is referable to Halimeda opuntia, but Martens (1868:45) 

thought that Blanco could have had other species in hand. 

In the absence of authentic specimens, a definitive placement is impossible. In any event, Fucus prolifer M. Blanco 

is a later homonym of F. prolifer Forsskal (1775:193) and 

F. prolifer Lightfoot (1777:949, pi. XXX). 

Halimeda renschii Hauck 

Halimeda renschii Hauck, 1886 [1886-1887]: 167 [type locality: Johanna 

(Anjouan) I., Comoro Is.].—Hillis-Colinvaux, 1975:93. 

Halimeda opuntia (Linnaeus) Lamouroux f. renschii (Hauck) Barton, 

1901:21, pi. II: figs. 22, 22a.—Gilbert, 1947:130; 1961:444. 

*Halimeda batanensis W.R. Taylor, 1973:34, figs. 1, 2 [type locality: Batan 

I., Batanes Prov., Luzon]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Hillis-Colinvaux 

(1975:93). 

Halimeda simulans Howe 

Halimeda simulans Howe, 1907:503, pi. 29 [type locality: Culebra I., 

Puerto Rico].—Trono, 1972a:94; 1975:38.—Trono and GanzonFortes, 1980:31, fig. [s.n].—Trono and Ang, 1982:10. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas, Sorsogon. 

PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). SULU: Tawitawi. 

Halimeda taenicola W.R. Taylor 

Halimeda taenicola W.R. Taylor, 1950:86, 207, pi. 46: fig. 1 [type locality: 

Rongerik Atoll, Marshall Is.].—Trono and Young, 1977:56.—Trono 

and Tuason, 1978:7. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CATANDUANES. 

Halimeda tuna (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux 

Corallina tuna Ellis and Solander, 1786:111, pi. 20: fig. e [type locality 

Mediterranean Sea]. 

Halimeda tuna (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux, 1816:309, pi. XI: fig 

8.—Dickie, 1876a:244.—Gilbert, 1946:78; 1947:124 [f. typica].—Hil 

lis, 1959:342, pi. 1: figs. 4, 5; pi. 5: fig. 9; pi. 6: fig. 7.—Gilbert 

1961:444.—Mefiez, 1961:57.—Domantay, 1962:280 [f. typica].—Taylor, 1966b:354 [var. tuna].—Trono, 1972a:98; 1973b:226; 1973c:17 

fig. 21.—Velasquez et al., 1973:16, pi. 6: fig. 26.—Westernhagen 

1973a:65.—Hamoy and Garciano, 1975:71.—Trono, 1975:38.—Ve 

lasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:149.—Cordero, 1976c:6; 1977b:41 

pi. VI: fig. 37.—Trono and Young, 1977:55.—Reyes, 1978:160, pi 

11: fig. 7.—Trono, 1978:7.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:7.—Cordero 

1979b:276; 1980b:33, fig. 2B.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:21, pi. V: fig 

4.—Trono and Fortes, 1980:64.—Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:33 

fig. [s.n].—Chan, 1981:387.—Ganzon-Fortes, 1981:21.—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1981:383.—Trono and Fortes, 1982:145.—Cordero, 

1984a:81.—Tungpalan, 1984:138. 

Halimeda platydisca Decaisne, 1842:102 [type locality: Islas Canarias]. 

Halimeda tuna (Ellis and Solander) Lamouroux f. platydisca (Decaisne) 

Barton, 1901:14, pi. I: fig. 2.—Gilbert, 1947:124; 1961:444. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Batangas, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. PANAY: 

Aklan. CEBU (incl. Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Surigao del Sur. BASILAN. PALAWAN (Culion I.). 

SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Hillis-Colinvaux (1980:122) does not give taxonomic recognition to f. platydisca. 

*Halimeda velasquezii W.R. Taylor 

Halimeda velasquezii W.R. Taylor, 1962:177, figs. 8-14 [type locality: 

Santa Ana, Cagayan Prov., Luzon].—Taylor, 1966b:354.—Velasquez 

et al., 1973:16, pi. 5: fig. 25.—Trono, 1975:39.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:149.—Cordero, 1976c:6, 8; 1977b:41, pi. VI: figs. 35, 

36; pi. VII: fig. 38.—Hillis-Colinvaux, 1980:117, fig. 32. 

Halimeda opuntia (Linnaeus) Lamouroux f. intermedia Yamada, 1934:81 

[syntype localities: Naha and Itoman, Ryukyu-retto, Japan].—Gilbert, 

1947:130; 1961:444. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan, 

Bataan, Batangas, Sorsogon. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Hillis-Colinvaux 

(1980:117). 

Halimeda stuposa W.R. Taylor 

Halimeda stuposa W.R. Taylor, 1950:90, 207, pi. 43: fig. 1; pi. 49; pi. 50: 

fig. 2 [type locality: Rongelap Atoll, Marshall Is.].—Reyes, 1978:159, 

pi. 11: figs. 3, 4. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SIQUIJOR. 

*Halimeda velasquezii W.R. Taylor var. robusta Cordero 

*Halimeda velasquezii W.R. Taylor var. robusta Cordero, I974a:l 15, fig. 1 

[type locality: Camiguin I., Babuyan Is., Cagayan Prov., Luzon].— 

Cordero and Tanaka, 1972:86, figs, lc , 2A,B [H. velasquezii]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 
NUMBER 27 117 

Family UDOTEACEAE 

Avrainvillea Decaisne 

*Avrainvillea erecta (Berkeley) A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp 

Dichonema erectum Berkeley, 1842:157, pi. VII: fig. 11 [type locality: 

"Philippine Islands"]. 

Avrainvillea erecta (Berkeley) A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp, 1911:29, pi. IX: 

figs. 84, 85; pi. X: figs. 86-89 [including Philippine records].—Gilbert, 

1946:78; 1947:122; 1961:442.—Mefiez, 1961:56, pi. 3: figs. 26-30.— 

Domantay, 1962:276.—Taylor, 1966b:352.—Gilbert and Doty, 

1969:123, figs. 7, 8.—Reyes, 1972:143.—Trono, 1973b:220; 

1973c:18.—Velasquez et al., 1973:15, pi. 5: fig. 22.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:128.—Reyes, 1978:160, pi. 11: fig. 8.—Puig 

and Cordero, 1979:25.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:19, pi. Ill: fig. 3.— 

Menez and Calumpong, 1981:383.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:94, 

fig. 26.—Olsen-Stojkovich, 1985a:22. 

*Udotea sordida Montagne, 1844a:659 [type locality: "Philippines"].—Kiitzing, 1849:503.—Montagne, 1856:451.—Martens, 1868:64-65.— 

Dickie, 1874a: 198.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:167. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. LEYTE (Biliran I.), NEGROS: 

Negros Oriental, SIQUIJOR. BASILAN. PALAWAN (incl. Balabac 

I., Cuyo I.), SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

NOTE.—The synonymy was proposed by Gepp and Gepp 

(1911:29). 

Avrainvillea lacerata Harvey ex J. Agardh 

Avrainvillea lacerata Harvey ex J. Agardh, 1887:54 [type locality: Tonga].—Taylor, 1966b:352.—Trono, 1972a:97; 1973b:220; 1973d:10, 

pi. 5: fig. 17.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:129.—Reyes, 

1978:160, pi. 11: fig. 9.—Trono, 1978:6.—Trono and Tuason, 

1978:4.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:18, pi. 

Ill: fig. 2.—Trono and Ang, 1982:9.—Olsen-Stojkovich, 1985a:33. 

Avrainvillea lacerata Harvey ex J. Agardh var. robustior A. Gepp and E.S. 

Gepp, 1911:139, pi. XIII: figs. 108, 109 [type locality: Singapore].— 

Domantay, 1962:276 [f. robustior].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. CATANDUANES. MARINDUQUE. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga (incl. Sacol I.). 

PALAWAN (incl. Bugsuk I.). SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Olsen-Stojkovich (1985a) does not give taxonomic recognition to var. robustior. 

Avrainvillea longicaulis (Kutzing) Murray and Boodle 

RhipUia longicaulis Kutzing, 1858:13, pi. 28: fig. II [type locality: Antilles]. 

Avrainvillea longicaulis (Kutzing) Murray and Boodle, 1889:70.—OlsenStojkovich, 1985a:29. 

Avrainvillea levis Howe, 1905:565, pi. 23: fig. 1; pi. 26: figs. 8-10 [type 

locality: Cave Cays, Exuma Chain, Bahama Is.]. 

Avrainvillea sordida [misapplied name; see Note].—Mefiez, 1961:56, pi. 

3: figs. 35-39.—Gilbert and Doty, 1969:124, figs. 13, 14.—Trono, 

1973b:221.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:129.—Cordero, 

1976c:9; 1977b:36, pi. V: fig. 26. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan. CATANDUANES. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

NOTE.—Th e taxonomic and nomenclatural complexities 

of this species are discussed by Olsen-Stojkovich (1985a:29). 

The conspecificity of RhipUia longicaulis and Avrainvillea 

levis was suspected by Gepp and Gepp (1911:40), who, 

however, were reluctant to use the binomial A. longicaulis 

because Murray and Boodle, when making the combination, 

misapplied it to representatives of A. nigricans. Retention 

of A. longicaulis is required by Article 55.2 of the ICBN. 

Avrainvillea nigricans Decaisne 

Avrainvillea nigricans Decaisne, 1842:108 [type locality: West Indies near 

Guadeloupe].—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97.—Olsen-Stojkovich, 1985a:38. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Avrainvillea obscura (C. Agardh) J. Agardh 

Anadyomene ? obscura C. Agardh, 1822a:401 [type locality: Guam, Mariana 

Is.]. 

Avrainvillea obscura (C. Agardh) J. Agardh, 1887:53.—Mefiez, 1961:55, 

pi. 3: figs. 30-34.—Domantay, 1962:272, 273.—Gilbert and Doty, 

1969:124.—Trono, 1972a:97.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:129.—Cordero, 1977b:36, pi. IV: figs. 21, 22.—Olsen-Stojkovich, 1985a:19. 

* Avrainvillea capituliformis Tanaka, 1967:14, figs. 2, 3, pi. I:B [type locality: 

San Pio Quinto, Camiguin L, Babuyan Is., Cagayan Prov., Luzon].— 

Trono, 1973c: 18; 1975:35.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:128.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:25.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:19. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), Pangasinan, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. LEYTE (Biliran I.), SULU: Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Olsen-Stojkovich (1985a). 

Boodleopsis A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp 

Boodleopsis pusilla (Collins) W.R. Taylor, Joly, and 

Bernatowicz 

Dichotomosiphon pusillus Collins, 1909:431 [type locality: West Indies]. 

Boodleopsis pusilla (Collins) W.R. Taylor, Joly, and Bernatowicz, 1953: 

105.—Fortes and Trono, 1980:56, fig. 5.—Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Boodleopsis verticillata Dawson 

Boodleopsis verticillata Dawson, 1960:32, figs. 1A-D [type locality: Isla del 

Rey, Islas Perlas, Panama].—Fortes and Trono, 1980:58, fig. 6. 

Fortes, 1981b:396. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 
118 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Chlorodesmis Harvey and Bailey 

Chlorodesmis caespitosa J. Agardh 

Chlorodesmis caespitosa ]. Agardh, 1887:49 [type locality: Sri Lanka].— 

Ducker, 1967:157, pis. 27, 36-38; pi. 43: fig. 2. 

Chlorodesmis formosana Yamada, 1925a:92, fig. V [syntype localities: various, all in Taiwan].—Gilbert, 1947:122; 1961:422.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:135. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (Babuyan 

Is.). 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Ducker 

(1967:157). 

Chlorodesmis fastigiata (C. Agardh) Ducker 

Vaucheria fastigiata C. Agardh, 1824:176 [type locality: Mariana Is.]. 

Chlorodesmis fastigiata (C. Agardh) Ducker, 1969:17. 

Chlorodesmis comosa Harvey and Bailey, 1851:373 [type locality: Fiji].— 

Gilbert, 1947:122; 1961:442.—Mefiez, 1961:55, pi. 2: figs. 20, 21. — 

Domantay, 1962:279.—Taylor, 1966b:352.—Ducker, 1967:160, pi. 

28, 29, 39.—Gilbert and Doty, 1969:123.—Velasquez et al., 1973:13, 

pi. 3: fig. 14.—Trono, 1975:36.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:134.—Cordero, 1976c:6, 8; 1977b:35, pi. IV: figs. 18, 19.— 

Trono, 1978:6.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:4.—Cordero, 1979b: 

276.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:25.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:19, pi. 

IV: fig. 1.—Chan, 1981:387.—Trono and Ang, 1982:9.—HurtadoPonce, 1983:107.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:146.—MarcosAgngarayngay, 1983:86, fig. 21.—Cordero, 1984a:79; 1984b:59. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Quezon, 

Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MARINDUQUE. LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

PANAY: Aklan. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Davao. BASILAN. 

PALAWAN (incl. Bugsuk I., Cuyo I.). 

NOTE.—Th e conspecificity of Vaucheria fastigiata and 

Chlorodesmis comosa was suggested by Gepp and Gepp 

(1911:15) and confirmed by Ducker (1969:17). 

Chlorodesmis hildebrandtii A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp 

Chlorodesmis hildebrandtii A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp, 1911:16, 137, pi. 8: 

figs. 74, 75 [lectotype locality: Johanna (Anjouan) I., Comoro Is. fide 

Ducker, 1967:165].—Gilbert, 1947:122; 1961:442.—Taylor, 1966b: 

352.—Tanaka, 1967:16, fig. 4, pi. I1:C—Trono, 1973c: 18.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:135.—Cordero, 1977b:35, pi. V: figs. 

23-25.—Reyes, 1978:158, pi. 10: fig. 3.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:383—Trono and De Lara, 1981:5. pi. Ill: fig. 4. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), 

Oriental Mindoro. SIQUIJOR. SULU: Tawitawi (Sibutu I.). 

Chlorodesmis major Zanardini 

Chlorodesmis major Zanardini, 1874:504 [type locality: Lord Howe I.]. 

Chlorodesmis torresiensis W.R. Taylor, 1945:66 [type locality: Murray Is., 

Torres Strait, Australia].—Taylor, 1966b:352.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:135. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Ducker (1967: 

167). 

Rhipiliopsis A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp 

*Rhipiliopsis carolyniae Kraft 

Rhipiliopsis carolyniae Kraft, 1986:51, figs. 8-11 [type locality: Bulusan, 

Sorsogon Prov., Luzon]. 

Rhipiliopsis peltata [misapplied name.—Gilbert and Doty, 1969:122, figs. 

9-12.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:161. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Sorsogon. MINDANAO: Surigao. 

Tydemania Weber-van Bosse 

Tydemania expeditionis Weber-van Bosse 

Tydemania expeditionis Weber-van Bosse, 1901:139 [syntype localities: 

Macassar, Celebes and Sumbawa I., Indonesia].—Gilbert, 1947:122; 

1961:444—Taylor, 1966b:352.—Velasquez, 1971:432, fig. 10.— 

Trono, 1973c: 17, fig. 15.—Trono, 1973d: 10, pi. 6: fig. 22; 1975:40.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:166.—Trono and Young, 

1977:55.—Reyes, 1978:158, pi. 10: fig. 4.—Trono and Tuason, 

1978:8.— Cordero, 1979c:53, 57, 61 , figs. 2, 3.—Liao and Sotto, 

1980:97.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:24, pi. VI: fig. 4.—Mefiez and 

Calumpong, 1981:383. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. SAMAR: 

Eastern Samar. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. PALAWAN (Balabac I.). 

SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.), Tawitawi. 

Udotea Lamouroux 

Farghaly (1980:245-262), in his treatment of Udotea, 

resurrected the genus Rhipidosiphon Montagne (1842a: 14) 

and recognized three new segregate genera: Decaisnella, 

Geppina, and Howella. The new generic names are invalid 

because they lack Latin diagnoses. The species of Udotea in 

this catalog are distributed by Farghaly as follows: Udotea 

(U. argentea, U. flabellum, U. occidentalis); Decaisnella (U. 

indica); and Rhipidosiphon (U. glaucescens, U. javensis, U. 

orientalis). The generic placement of U. geppii was not 

indicated. 

Udotea argentea Zanardini 

Udotea argentea Zanardini, 1858:290, pi. XII: fig. 1 [type locality: Suez, 

Egypt]— Trono, 1972a:98.—Cordero, 1976c:8 [f. typica]; 1977b:37 [f. 

typica]; 1979b:278.—Trono and Ang, 1982:12. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. PANAY: Aklan. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.), SULU: Tawitawi. 
NUMBER 27 119 

*Udotea argentea Zanardini var. spumosa A. Gepp and 

E.S. Gepp 

Udotea argentea Zanardini var. spumosa A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp, 1911:126, 

144 [syntype localities: Tanah Djampeah and Saleyer (Selajar) I., Indonesia; Pearl Bank, Tawitawi Prov., Sulu Archipelago].—Weber-van 

Bosse, 19l3a:l 17.—Gilbert, 1946:78; 1947:123; 1961:444.—Taylor, 

1966b:352.—Gilbert and Doty, 1969:124, fig. 6.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:166 [without designation of forma]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—PALAWAN (incl. Balabac I., 

Culion I., Cuyo I.). SULU: Tawitawi (Pearl Bank, Turtle Is.). 

Udotea flabellum (Ellis and Solander) Howe 

Corallina flabellum Ellis and Solander, 1786:124, pi. 24 [type locality: 

West Indies]. 

Udotea flabellum (Ellis and Solander) Howe, 1904:94.—Gepp and Gepp, 

1911:131, pi. Ill: figs. 26-28.—Weber-van Bosse, 1913a: 118.—Gilbert, 1946:78; 1947:123; 1961:444.—Reyes, 1972:144.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:166. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

MINDANAO: Zamboanga. SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.). 

Udotea geppii Yamada 

Udotea geppii Yamada, 1930a:141, figs. 1-3 [syntype localities: Palau 

(Belau), Caroline Is.; Tonga].—Reyes, 1978:161, pi. 11: fig. 10.— 

Fortes and Trono, 1980:66.—Trono and Ang, 1982:12. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SAMAR. SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN 

(Bugsuk I.). 

Udotea glaucescens Harvey ex J. Agardh 

Udotea glaucescens Harvey ex J. Agardh, 1887:70 [type locality: Tonga].—Gilbert and Doty, 1969:124.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:166. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CATANDUANES. 

Udotea indica A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp 

Udotea indica A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp, 1911:121, pi. II: figs. 13, 14; pi. 

VI: figs. 52, 53 [type locality: Karachi, Pakistan].—Cordero, 1973b:22; 

1976c:6, 11; I977b:37, pi. IV: figs. 16, 17.—Puig and Cordero, 

1979:29.—Cordero, 1984a:82. 

Decaisnella indica (A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp) Farghaly, 1980:257 [including 

Philippine record]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

NOTE.—Th e generic name Decaisnella was not validly 

published so that the binomial D. indica is also invalid. 

Udotea javensis (Montagne) A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp 

Rhipidosiphon javensis Montagne, 1842a: 15 [type locality: Java, Indonesia]. 

Udotea javensis (Montagne) A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp, 1904:364.—Gilbert, 

1947:122; 1961:445.—Villones and Magdamo, 1968:26, fig. 15 [figure 

cited but not published].—Gilbert and Doty, 1969:125.—Trono, 

1973c: 19.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:166.—Cordero, 

1979c:55, 56, 61, fig. 1.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97.—Saraya and 

Trono, 1980:23, pi. VI: fig. 3.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383.— 

Cordero, 1984c:52. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Batangas. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. MASBATE. 

SAMAR: Western Samar, Eastern Samar. PANAY: Aklan. CEBU 

(Mactan I.), BASILAN. PALAWAN (incl. Cuyo I.). 

Udotea occidentalis A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp 

Udotea occidentalis A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp, 1911:127, 144, pi. II: figs. 18, 

22a,b; pi. VII: figs. 63-65 [syntype localities: St. Thomas and St. Jan 

(St. John), Virgin Is.].—Trono, 1975:36. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Sorsogon. 

*Udotea orientalis A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp 

Udotea orientalis A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp, 1911:119, 142, pi. I: figs. 1, 4; 

pi. VI: figs. 47, 48 [syntype localities: various in Indian and Pacific 

oceans and Indonesia; North Ubian I., Sulu Prov., Sulu Archipelago].—Weber-van Bosse, 1913a: 117.—Gilbert, 1946:78; 1947:122; 

1961:445.—Mefiez, 1961:56, pi. 2: figs. 22-25.—Taylor, 

1966b:353.—Gilbert and Doty, 1969:125, fig. 4.—Reyes, 1972:144.— 

Cordero, 1973b:22.—Trono, 1973c:19, fig. 24.—Velasquez et al., 

1973:15, pi. 5: fig. 23.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:167.— 

Cordero, 1976c:8; 1977b:3«, pi. V: figs. 27-29.—Trono and Young, 

1977:55.—Trono, 1978:8.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:8.—Cordero, 

1979b:276—Puig and Cordero, 1979:29.—Saraya and Trono, 

1980:24, pi. VI: fig. 2.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383.—Trono 

and De Lara, 1981:6, pi. IV: fig. 4.—Trono and Ang, 1982:12.— 

Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:119.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:149.— 

Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:93, fig. 25.—Cordero, I984a:82. 

Rhipidosiphon orientalis (A. Gepp and E.S. Gepp) Farghaly, 1980:254 

[including Philippine record]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Cagayan 

(Babuyan Is.), Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Zambales, Bataan, 

Quezon, Albay, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros 

Oriental. MINDANAO: Surigao. PALAWAN (incl. Balabac I., 

Bugsuk I.), SULU: Sulu (North Ubian I.), Tawitawi (Turtle 

Is.). 

Order DASYCLADALES 

Family DASYCLADACEAE 

Bometella Munier-Chalmas 

Bometella nitida Munier-Chalmas ex Sonder 

Bometella nitida Munier-Chalmas ex Sonder, 1880:39 [type locality: 

Tonga].—Gilbert, 1943:25, fig. \ef; 1961:443.—Mefiez, 1961:50, pi. 

1: figs. 6-9.—Taylor, 1966b:347.—Valet, 1969:588.—Reyes, 1972: 

141.—Trono, 1972a:99.—Cordero, 1973b: 18.—Trono, 1973a: 

128, fig. 2.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:186, 188.—Trono, 
120 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

1975:40.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:129.—Cordero, 

1976c:8; 1977b:24, pi. II: figs. 7, 8.—Reyes, 1978:150, pi. 5: fig. 10.— 

Trono and Tuason, 1978:10.—Cordero, 1979b:276, 282.—Puig and 

Cordero, 1979:22.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97.—Saraya and Trono, 

1980:25.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:113.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 

1983:148.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:100, fig. 31.—Cordero, 

1984b:58; 1984c:51. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan, Sorsogon, CATANDUANES. MINDORO: 

Oriental Mindoro. MASBATE. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. CEBU (Mactan I.). SIQUIJOR. 

BOHOL. PALAWAN, SULU: Tawitawi. 

NOTE.—This species was distributed by Harvey in his 

Friendly Islands exsiccatae (1857) under the name Neomeris 

nitida, without a description. Munier-Chalmas (1877:816) 

established the genus Bometella on the basis of Neomeris 

nitida, but without publishing the binomial B. nitida. Sonder 

appears to be the first author to use that binomial, although 

he accredited it to Munier-Chalmas. Because Neomeris nitida 

remained a nomen nudum, Harvey's name does not appear 

in the authorship. 

Bometella oligospora Solms-Laubach 

Bometella oligospora Solms-Laubach, 1892:87, pi. IX: figs. 1-4, 6,7 [syntype localities: Macassar, Celebes and Bari, Flores, Indonesia].—Webervan Bosse, 1913a:89.—Gilbert, 1943:26, fig. Ig-i; 1946:78; 1961:433 

["sphaerica" in error].—Domantay, 1962:277.—Valet, 1969:589.— 

Trono, 1973c:2L—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:129.—Trono 

and Young, 1977:57.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:10.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

PALAWAN, SULU: Tawitawi (Sangasiapu I.). 

Bometella ovalis Yamada 

Bometella ovalis Yamada, 1933:277 [type locality: Ryukyu-retto, 

Japan].—Domantay, 1962:277.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975: 

129.—Cordero, 1984c:51. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

MASBATE. 

Bometella sphaerica (Zanardini) Solms-Laubach 

Neomeris ? sphaerica Zanardini, 1878:38 [type locality: Sorong, Irian Barat, 

Indonesia]. 

Bometella sphaerica (Zanardini) Solms-Laubach, 1892:80, pi. IX: fig. 8.— 

Weber-van Bosse, 1913a:90.—Gilbert, 1943:22, fig. \a,b; 1946:78; 

1961:433.—Domantay, 1962:277.—Taylor, 1966b:347.—Reyes, 

1972:141.—Trono, 1972a:99; 1973c:21; 1973d:10; 1975:41.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:129.—Trono and Young, 1977:57.— 

Reyes, 1978:150, pi. 6: fig. 1.—Trono, 1978:8.—Trono and Tuason, 

1978:10.—Cordero, 1979b:276.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97.—Mefiez 

and Calumpong, 1981:383.—Trono and De Lara, 1981:7, pi. IV: fig. 

2. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. SAMAR: Eastern 

Samar. PANAY: Aklan. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. BOHOL. BASILAN. SULU: Tawitawi (incl. 

Sangasiapu I.). 

Chlorocladus Sonder 

Chlorocladus australasicus Sonder 

Chlorocladus australasicus Sonder, 1871:67, pi. V: figs. 1-6 [type locality: 

Cape York, Queensland, Australia]. 

Dasycladus australasicus (Sonder) De Toni, 1889:411.—Taylor, 1966b: 

345.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:140 ["australicus"]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CATANDUANES. 

NOTE.—A specimen in UC, collected in Aklan Province, 

Panay, and published as Dasycladus sp. by Cordero 

(1979b:282), was determined as Chlorocladus australasicus 

by I.R. Price, 27 January 1982. 

*Chlorocladus philippinensis Gilbert 

Chlorocladus philippinensis Gilbert, 1978:305, figs. 1-8 [type locality: 

Solong-on, Siquijor].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—CATANDUANES. SIQUIJOR. 

NOTE.—Gilbert was unable to confirm Taylor's record 

of Chlorocladus australasicus because he could not locate the 

cited specimen. Probably only one species of Chlorocladus is 

represented in the Philippines, but whether it is distinct 

from Sonder s species remains to be investigated (see Price, 

1981:175). 

Cymopolia Lamouroux 

Cymopolia vanbosseae Solms-Laubach 

Cymopolia vanbosseae Solms-Laubach, 1892:78, pi. VIII: figs. 9, 10, 14-

16 ["van Bossei"] [type locality: Maumere, Flores, Indonesia].—Gilbert, 

1943:20; 1961:433.—Gilbert and Doty, 1969:125, fig. 16.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:140.—Cordero, 1979b:276.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:113.—Hurtado-Ponce and 

Modelo, 1983:148.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:100, fig. 32. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Zambales. CATANDUANES. PANAY: Aklan. CEBU. MINDANAO: Surigao. 

Dasycladus C. Agardh 

Dasycladus vermicularis (Scopoli) Krasser 

Spongia vermicularis Scopoli, 1771:412, pi. 64: no. 1454 [type locality: 

Adriatic Sea]. 

Dasycladus vermicularis (Scopoli) Krasser in Beck and Zahlbruckner, 

1898:459 —Reyes, 1978:150, pi. 5: fig. 8. 
NUMBER 27 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—SIQUIJOR. 

121 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. CEBU. 

Neomeris Lamouroux 

Neomeris annulata Dickie 

Neomeris annulata Dickie, 1874a: 198 [type locality: Mauritius].—Gilbert, 

1943:19; 1961:434.—Mefiez, 1961:50, pi. 1: figs. 1-3.—Cordero, 

1973b: 18.—Velasquez et al., 1973:10, pi. 2: fig. 6.—Velasquez, Trono, 

and Doty, 1975:156.—Cordero, 1976c:8; 1977b:24.—Vannajan and 

Trono, 1977:45, fig. 9.—Cordero, 1979b:276.—Puig and Cordero, 

1979:21.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:383.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:113 [with query].—Hurtado-Ponce 

and Modelo, 1983:148 [with query].—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:98, 

fig. 30. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Ilocos 

Norte, Pangasinan, Bataan, Cavite, Batangas. MINDORO: 

Oriental Mindoro. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: Aklan. CEBU 

(Mactan I.). 

Neomeris vanbosseae Howe 

Neomeris vanbosseae Howe, 1909:80, pi. 1: figs. 4, 7; pi. 5: figs. 17-19 

["van Bosseae"] [type locality: Sikka, Flores, Indonesia].—Gilbert, 

1943:17; 1961:434.—Mefiez, 1961:50, pi. 1: figs. 4, 5.—Domantay, 

1962:281.—Taylor, 1966b:347.—Valet, 1969:596.—Reyes, 1972: 

141.—Trono, 1972a:99; 1973c:20, fig. 20.—Ortega, Alcala, and 

Reyes, 1974:187, 188.—Westernhagen, 1974:112 (table I).—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:156.—Cordero, 1976c:8; 1977b:24, pi. 

II: fig. 6.—Reyes, 1978:150, pi. 5: fig. 9.—Trono and Tuason, 

1978:11.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97—Saraya and Trono, 1980:25.— 

Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:35, fig. [s.n].—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:383. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—BATANES. LUZON: Pangasinan, Bataan, Batangas, Quezon, CATANDUANES. MINDORO: 

Oriental Mindoro. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU (Mactan 

I.), SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN (Balabac I.), SULU: Tawitawi. 

Famil y POLYPHYSACEAE 

The families Dasycladaceae and Polyphysaceae were described simultaneously by Kutzing (1843). The latter, which 

included Polyphysa and Acetabularia, was merged into the 

former by subsequent workers, but was resurrected by 

Hauck (1884 [1883-1885]:421) under the name Acetabulariaceae. 

Acetabularia Lamouroux 

Acetabularia calyculus Lamouroux 

Acetabularia calyculus Lamouroux in Quoy and Gaimard, 1824:621, pi. 

90: figs. 6, 7 ["caliculus"] [type locality: Shark Bay, Western Australia, 

Australia].—Dickie, 1877:489.—Gilbert, 1943:33; 1946:78; 1961: 

433._Villones and Magdamo, 1968:12, fig. 3.—Velasquez et al., 

1973:11, pi. 2: fig. 8.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:125. 

Acetabularia clavata Yamada 

Acetabularia clavata Yamada, 1934:57, figs. 24, 25 [type locality: Tomari, 

Okinawa-gunto, Ryukyu-retto, Japan].—Trono and Santiago, 1972: 

43.—Trono, Santiago, and Ganzon-Fortes, 1978:87, fig. 5a". 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Batangas. CATANDUANES. 

NOTE.—Polyphysa Lamarck (1816:151), characterized by 

the lack of an inferior corona, is usually treated as a section 

of Acetabularia, following the monograph of Solms-Laubach 

(1895:21). Recently, however, it has been resurrected at 

the generic level (Bailey, Rezak, and Cox, 1976) and Acetabularia clavata transferred to it (Schnetter and Meyer, 

1982:41). 

Acetabularia crenulata Lamouroux 

Acetabularia crenulata Lamouroux, 1816:249, pi. VIII: fig. 1 [type locality: 

Caribbean Sea].—Velasquez, 1971:432, fig. 8.—Vannajan and Trono, 

1977:45, figs. 10, 11.—Reyes, 1978:151, pi. 6: figs. 3, 4. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Zambales, Cavite, 

Albay. PANAY: Iloilo. SIQUIJOR. PALAWAN. 

Acetabularia dentata Solms-Laubach 

Acetabularia dentata Solms-Laubach, 1895:23, pi. 1: fig. 11 [syntype localities: various, all in Indonesia].—Gilbert, 1943:30, fig. 2d-f; 

1961:433.—Gilbert and Doty, 1969:126, figs. 18, 19.—Reyes, 

1972:141.—Trono and Santiago, 1972:44.—Trono, 1973c:21.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:125.—Trono, Santiago, and GanzonFortes, 1978:84, fig. 3.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97.—Fortes, 

198lb:396.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383.—Hurtado-Ponce, 

1983:112.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 1983:148. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Cagayan (Babuyan 

Is.), Ilocos Norte, Batangas. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU (Mactan I.). 

MINDANAO: Surigao. 

Acetabularia exigua Solms-Laubach 

Acetabularia exigua Solms-Laubach, 1895:28, pi. 2: figs. 1, 4 [syntype 

localities: Macassar, Celebes and Sikka, Flores, Indonesia].—Trono and 

Santiago, 1972:42.—Trono, Santiago, and Ganzon-Fortes, 1978:84,87, 

fig. 4b-f.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:25.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:383. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Batangas. CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

Acetabularia major Martens 

Acetabularia major Martens, 1868:25, pi. IV: fig. 3 [type locality: "Simaharadscha" (Ban Si Racha ?), Thailand].—Howe, 1932:169.—Gilbert, 
122 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

1943:29, fig. 2a-c; 1946:78.—Zaneveld, 1950:109.—Montilla and 

Blanco, 1953:166.—Zaneveld, 1956:5; 1959:92.—Gilbert, 1961: 

433.—Mefiez, 1961:51, pi. l:figs. 10-12.—Domantay, 1962:276,277. 

—Gilbert and Doty, 1969:126, fig. 17.—Trono and Santiago, 1972: 

44.—Trono, 1973c:2L—Velasquez et al., 1973:11, pi. 2: fig. 9.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:125.—Trono and Young, 1977: 

57.—Trono, Santiago, and Ganzon-Fortes, 1978:79, fig. 1.—Trono 

and Tuason, 1978:9.—Cordero, 1979b:276.—Puig and Cordero, 

1979:22.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan, Zambales, Batangas. CATANDUANES. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY (incl. Aklan). 

Acetabularia minutissima Okamura 

Acetabularia minutissima Okamura, 1912 [1909-1912]: 184, pi. c: figs. 7 -

11 [syntype localities: Futae, Amakusa Is. and Hyuga Prov. (Miyazaki 

Prefecture), Japan].—Mefiez, 1961:51.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:125. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Acetabularia parvula Solms-Laubach 

Acetabularia parvula Solms-Laubach, 1895:29, pi. 2: figs. 3, 5 [syntype 

localities: "Tropical India"; Macassar, Celebes, Indonesia]. 

Acetabularia moebii Solms-Laubach, 1895:30, pi. 4: fig. 1 [type locality: 

Mauritius].—Trono and Santiago, 1972:43.—Cordero, 1973b: 18.— 

Trono, Santiago, and Ganzon-Fortes, 1978:87, fig. 4a.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:22.—Saraya and Trono, 1980:24.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 

1981:383.—Hurtado-Ponce, 1983:112.—Hurtado-Ponce and Modelo, 

1983:148.—Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983:98, fig. 29. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan. CATANDUANES. LEYTE (Biliran I.). CENTRAL VISAYAS. 

NOTE.—Th e synonymy was proposed by Valet 

(1969:621). This species was transferred to Polyphysa by 

Schnetter and Meyer (1982:42). 

*Acetabularia roxasii Trono 

Acetabularia roxasii Trono, Santiago, and Ganzon-Fortes, 1978:80, fig. 2. 

[type locality: Calatagan, Batangas Prov., Luzon]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Acetabularia ryukyuensis Okamura and Yamada 

Acetabularia ryukyuensis Okamura and Yamada in Okamura, 1932a [ 1929-

1932]:71, pi. CCLXXXV: figs. 5-12 [type locality: Ryukyu-retto, 

Japan].—Cordero, 1979b;282.—Puig and Cordero, 1979:22. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY: 

Aklan. 

* Acetabularia ryukyuensis Okamura and Yamada 

var. philippinensis (Gilbert) Valet 

Acetabularia philippinensis Gilbert, 1943:31, fig. 3 [type locality: Taytay, 

Palawan].—Gilbert, 1961:433.—Taylor, 1966b:347.—Velasquez, 

Trono, and Doty, 1975:125.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:9. 

Acetabularia ryukyuensis Okamura and Yamada var. philippinensis (Gilbert) 

Valet, 1969:613, pi. 154 (43): fig. 12. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Pangasinan. CATANDUANES. PALAWAN. 

*Acetabularia velasquezii Trono, Santiago, and GanzonFortes 

Acetabularia velasquezii Trono, Santiago, and Ganzon-Fortes, 1978:87, fig. 

ba-c [type locality: Minabalay I., Barrio Danao, Baras, Catanduanes]. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—As above. 

Halicoryne Harvey 

Halicoryne wrightii Harvey 

Halicoryne wrightii Harvey, 1860a:333 [type locality: Ryukyu-retto, 

Japan].—Solms-Laubach, 1895:31.—Gilbert, 1943:27; 1946:78; 

1961:433.—Mefiez, 1961:51.—Domantay, 1962:281.—Taylor, 

1966b:346.—Valet, 1969:603.—Velasquez, 1971:432, fig. 9.—Reyes, 

1972:141.—Cordero, 1973b: 19.—Velasquez et al., 1973:11, pi. 2: fig. 

7.—Westernhagen, 1973a:64.—Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 

1974:188.—Westernhagen, 1974:112 (table I).—Trono, 1975:40.— 

Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 1975:147, 149 ["Halycoryne wrigtii"].— 

Trono and Young, 1977:57.—Reyes, 1978:150, pi. 6: fig. 2.—Trono, 

1978:8.—Trono and Tuason, 1978:10.—Cordero, 1980a:29, 34, fig. 

3.—Liao and Sotto, 1980:97.—Mefiez and Calumpong, 1981:383.— 

Trono and De Lara, 1981:7, pi. IV: fig. 3 — Cordero, 1984a:76. 

Polyphysa spicata [misapplied name fide Solms-Laubach, 1895:31].— 

Dickie, 1876a:243.—Gilbert, 1961:434.—Velasquez, Trono, and Doty, 

1975:160. 

PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION.—LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Zambales, Bataan, Albay, Sorsogon. CATANDUANES. 

MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang Is.), Oriental Mindoro. MARINDUQUE. LEYTE (Biliran I.), PANAY. NEGROS: Negros Oriental, CEBU (Mactan I.), SIQUIJOR. BOHOL. 
Records Determined Only To Genus 

(Genera marked with an asterisk (*) have not been otherwise reported from the 

Philippines, or (in the case of Cyanophyceae) at least not from marine habitats.) 

CYANOPHYCEAE 

Anabaina 

Reyes, 1972:136 ["Anabaena"]. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

*Aphanocapsa 

Agor, 1962:33. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Calothrix 

Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:172, pi. 1: fig. 3. LUZON: Batangas. 

Vannajan and Trono, 1977:37-38. LUZON: Cavite. 

*Coccochloris 

Reyes, 1972:135. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Entophysalis 

Reyes, 1978:139, pi. 1: figs. 3, 4. SIQUIJOR. 

*Gloeotrichia 

Velasquez, 1980:127 (table 1) [no description or collecting data], MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Hormothamnium 

Villones and Magdamo, 1968:11. LUZON: Batangas. 

Reyes, 1972:136. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Lyngbya 

Vannajan and Trono, 1977:37. LUZON: Cavite. 

Oscillatoria 

Vannajan and Trono, 1977:36. LUZON: Cavite. 

Rivularia 

Domantay, 1962:276. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Schizothrix 

Reyes, 1978:140, pi. 2: figs. 3, 4. SIQUIJOR. 

Symploca 

Domantay, 1962:276. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

RHODOPHYCEAE 

Acrochaetium 

Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:178, pi. 2: fig. 17. LUZON: Batangas. 

*Agardhiella 

Seale, 1911:309 [no description; see Gracilaria verrucosa in catalog]. 

Quisumbing, 1951:1007. LUZON: Manila Bay. 

Zaneveld, 1956:26. LUZON: Manila Bay. 

Zaneveld, 1959:107. LUZON: Manila Bay. 

Ahnfeltia 

Cordero, 1978a:42. BATANES. 

Amansia 

Mefiez, 1961:75, pi. 8: figs. 92-94. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Amphiroa 

Villones and Magdamo, 1968:30, fig. 33. LUZON: Batangas. 

Reyes, 1972:153. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Trono and Bina, 1973:5. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Trono, 1974b:86. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Reyes, 1980:131, pi. 7: figs. 1, 2. SIQUIJOR. 

Cordero, 1984a:95. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Antithamnion 

Vannajan and Trono, 1978:23, figs. 26, 27. LUZON: Cavite. 

Asterocytis 

Vannajan and Trono, 1978:14. LUZON: Cavite. 

*Calliarthron 

Cordero, 1979b:276. PANAY: Aklan. 

* Callithamnion 

Vannajan and Trono, 1978:23, fig. 28. LUZON: Cavite. 

Callophyllis 

Cordero, 1979b:290. PANAY: Aklan. 

Reyes, 1980:134, pi. 9: figs. 1, 2. SIQUIJOR. 

Cordero, 1984a:97. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Carpopeltis 

Mefiez, 1961:73. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Reyes, 1972:154. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Cordero, 1973b:31. LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

Trono and Bina, 1973:3. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Centroceras 

Domantay, 1962:288. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Ceramium 

Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:183, pi. 3: fig. 26; pi. 5: fig. 39. LUZON: 

Batangas. 

Trono, 1972:106. SULU: Tawitawi. 

Trono, 1973d:20. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Reyes, 1980:138, pi. 12, figs. \a,b. SIQUIJOR. 

Trono and Ang, 1982:22. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). 

Cordero, 1984a: 104. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Champia 

Mefiez, 1961:78. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:179, pi. 4: fig. 35. LUZON: Batangas. 

Chondria 

Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:179-180, pi. 2: figs. 19, 20; pi. 3: fig. 21. 

LUZON: Batangas. 

*Chondrus 

Cordero, 1984a: 103 [with query], LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

* Chrysymenia 

Reyes, 1972:157. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Trono, 1973a: 135, fig. 7. LUZON: Sorsogon. 

Corallina 

Reyes, 1972:153. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Reyes, 1980:131, pi. 7: fig. 3. SIQUIJOR. 

Cryptonemia 

Reyes, 1980:133, pi. 8: fig. 4. SIQUIJOR. 

Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983b:39, fig. 32. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

*Dicranema 

Trono, 1974b:93. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Eupogodon 

Reyes, 1972:158 [as Dasyopsis]. NEGROS: NegTos Oriental. 

Erythrotrichia 

Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:177, pi. 2: fig. 14; pi. 4: fig. 32. LUZON: 

Batangas. 

Vannajan and Trono, 1978:14, fig. 12. LUZON: Cavite. 

Eucheuma 

Cordero, 1973b:31. LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

Reyes, 1980:136, pi. 10: fig. 4. SIQUIJOR. 

Cordero, 1984a:99. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Fauchea 

Reyes, 1972:158. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Galaxaura 

Trono and De Lara, 1981:13, pi. VIII: fig. 4. MINDORO: Occidental 

Mindoro (Lubang Is.). 

Cordero, 1984a:91. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

123 
124 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Gelidiella 

Trono and Bina, 1973:3. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Gelidiopsis 

Cordero, 1973b:30. LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

Reyes, 1980:129-130, pi. 6: figs. 3, 4. SIQUIJOR. 

Cordero, 1984a: 100. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Gelidium 

Cordero, 1973b:30. LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

Cordero, 1978a:23. BATANES. 

Gracilaria 

Collado, 1926:129. LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos. 

Reyes, 1972:155-156. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Cordero, 1973b:33. LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

Trono, 1973d: 18, pi. 9: fig. 4. LUZON: Pangasinan. SAMAR: Eastern 

Samar. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Vannajan and Trono, 1978:22, fig. 25. LUZON: Rizal. 

Saraya and Trono, 1982:41. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Trono and Ang, 1982:20. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). 

Trono, Azanza-Corrales, and Manuel, 1983:34-41, figs. 8, 9a, 10, lib. 

LUZON: Rizal, Cavite. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Cordero, 1984a: 103. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Grateloupia 

Trono, 1973d: 16. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Reyes, 1980:133, pi. 8: fig. 3. SIQUIJOR. 

Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983c: 126. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Cordero, 1984a:97. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Griffithsia 

Reyes, 1972:158. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Reyes, 1980:138, pi. 11: figs. 6a,b. SIQUIJOR. 

Gymnogongrus 

Reyes, 1980:137, pi. 11: fig. 1. SIQUIJOR. 

Halymenia 

Vannajan and Trono, 1978:18. LUZON: Cavite. 

Cordero, 1980:49, fig. 11B, pi. 31. SAMAR: West Samar. 

Hurtado-Ponce, 1983a: 138. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Herposiphonia 

Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:181, pi. 3: figs. 23, 23a. LUZON: Batangas. 

Trono, 1973d:21, pi. 10: fig. 8. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Trono and De Lara, 1981:20. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang 

Is.). 

*Heteroderma 

Saraya and Trono, 1982:35. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Hypnea 

Collado, 1926:129. LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos. 

G. Blanco, 1938:513. LUZON: Cagayan (incl. Babuyan Is.). 

Reyes, 1972:156. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Trono, 1972:105. SULU: Tawitawi. 

Trono, 1973d: 17. CEBU. MINDANAO: Zamboanga (incl. Sacol I.). 

Cordero, 1978a:41. BATANES. 

Jania 

Cordero, 1984a:95. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Cordero, 1984c:54. MASBATE. 

Kallymenia 

Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983c: 126. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Laurencia 

Mefiez, 1961:77. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Reyes, 1972:159. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Trono, 1972:108. SULU: Tawitawi. 

Trono, 1973d:22. LUZON: Pangasinan, Quezon. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:105, fig. [s.n.]. LUZON: Batangas. 

Trono and Ang, 1982:26. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). 

Cordero, 1984a: 108. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

* Leptofauchea 

Reyes, 1972:157. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Ortega, Alcala, and Reyes, 1974:186, 187, 188 [no description or 

collecting data], NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Liagora 

Domantay, 1962:292. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Trono and De Lara, 1981:11-12, pi. VII: fig. 2. MINDORO: Occidental 

Mindoro (Lubang Is.). 

Cordero, 1984a:87. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Lithophyllum 

Howe, 1932:169. PANAY. 

Reyes, 1980:132, pi. 7: figs. 6, 7. SIQUIJOR. 

Lomentaria 

Vannajan and Trono, 1978:23, fig. 30. LUZON: Manila, Cavite. 

Lophosiphonia 

Reyes, 1980:141, pi. 13: figs. 4a-c. SIQUIJOR. 

Martensia 

Trono, 1974b:94. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

*Melobesia 

Reyes, 1972:153. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Microcladia 

Tahil, 1978:52 [no description or collecting data], CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Murrayella 

Trono, 1973a: 136. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Peyssonnelia 

Reyes, 1972:154. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Cordero, 1984a:93. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Polysiphonia 

Domantay, 1962:293. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Reyes, 1972:158. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Trono, 1972:107. SULU: Tawitawi. 

Trono, 1973d:21, pi. 10: fig. 7. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Reyes, 1980:141, pi. 13: figs. 3a,b. SIQUIJOR. 

Porphyra 

Bersamin et al., 1973:188. LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos. 

Pterocladia 

Reyes, 1980:129, pi. 6: fig. 2. SIQUIJOR. 

Rhodopeltis 

Trono, 1973a: 133, fig. 4. LUZON: Sorsogon. 

Rhodymenia 

Trono, 1973a: 136, fig. 15. LUZON: Sorsogon. 

Trono and Bina, 1973:10. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Cordero, 1978a:43. BATANES. 

Cordero, 1980c:72, fig. 4. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Reyes, 1980:137, pi. 11: fig. 3. SIQUIJOR. 

Trono and De Lara, 1981:19, pi. XI: fig. 3. MINDORO: Occidental 

Mindoro (Lubang Is.). 

Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983b:53, fig. 44. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Cordero, 1984a: 103. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Sarcodia 

Trono, 1973d: 18 [with query], NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Cordero, 1978a:35. BATANES. 

Scinaia 

Trono, 1973a: 130, fig. 5. LUZON: Sorsogon. 

*Spermothamnion 

Westernhagen, 1973b: 368 [no description or collecting data], CEBU 

(Mactan I.). 

Titanophora 

Trono, 1973a: 134, fig. 13. LUZON: Sorsogon. 

Trono and Bina, 1973:7. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Trono, 1978:18. MARINDUQUE. 

Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:73, fig. [s.n.]. LUZON: Batangas. 

Saraya and Trono, 1982:37. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Tolypiocladia 

Trono, 1972:107. SULU: Tawitawi. 

Trono and De Lara, 1981:20. MINDORO: Occidental Mindoro (Lubang 

Is.). 
NUMBER 27 125 

Trichogloea 

Cordero, 1978a: 13. BATANES. 

PHAEOPHYCEAE 

Colpomenia 

Cordero, 1984a:85. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Cutleria 

Cordero, 1979b:284. PANAY: Aklan. 

Cystoseira 

Reyes, 1980:123, pi. 4: fig. 3. SIQUIJOR. 

Dictyopteris 

Mefiez, 1961:64. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Dictyota 

Mefiez, 1961:63, pi. 11: fig. 121; pi. 12: fig. 132. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Villones and Magdamo, 1968:26, fig. 17. LUZON: Batangas. 

Trono, 1974a: 144. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Cordero, 1984a:83. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Cordero, 1984b:61. MASBATE. 

* Ectocarpus 

Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:176, pi. 2: figs. 12, 13. LUZON: Batangas. 

Feldmannia 

Cordero, 1979b:284. PANAY: Aklan. 

Hydroclathrus 

Villones and Magdamo, 1968:26, fig. 19. LUZON: Batangas. 

Hormophysa 

Reyes, 1972:147. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Padina 

Mefiez, 1961:62. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Villones and Magdamo, 1968:27, fig. 20. LUZON: Batangas. 

Reyes, 1972:146. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Reyes, 1980:120, pi. 2: fig. 2. SIQUIJOR. 

Cordero, 1984a:84. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

*Punctaria 

Cordero, 1984a:84. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Sargassum 

Mefiez, 1961:64-67, pi. 9: figs 96-102. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

de los Reyes, 1967:231, 233, fig. 6. LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

Villones and Magdamo, 1968:27, fig. 21. LUZON: Batangas. 

Reyes, 1972:146-147. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Cordero, 1973b:26. LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

Trono, 1973d: 13, pi. 8: fig. 31, 32. 

Velasquez et al., 1973:22. LUZON: Bataan. 

Trono, 1974a:148. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Trono and Young, 1977:58. CATANDUANES. 

Trono, 1978:12-14. MARINDUQUE. 

Trono and Tuason, 1978:12. CATANDUANES. 

Vannajan and Trono, 1978:13, fig. 9. LUZON: Cavite. 

Cordero, 1980b:36, fig. 3c, pis. 23, 24, [51]. LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos 

Norte, SAMAR: Western Samar, Eastern Samar. PANAY: Aklan. SIQUIJOR. MINDANAO: Surigao del Sur. 

Reyes, 1980:123, pi. 4: fig. 4. SIQUIJOR. 

Trono and Ganzon-Fortes, 1980:51-53, [2] figs. LUZON: Batangas. 

Guzman, 1981:43, 52. 

Trono and De Lara, 1981:10, pi. VII: fig. 1. MINDORO: Occidental 

Mindoro (Lubang Is.). 

Trono and Ang, 1982:15-16. PALAWAN (Bugsuk I.). 

Hurtado-Ponce, 1983a: 125-126. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Marcos-Agngarayngay, 1983b: 14, fig. 11. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Cordero, 1984a:86. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Cordero, 1984b:63. PALAWAN. 

Cordero, 1984c:54. MASBATE. 

Spatoglossum 

Trono, 1974a: 145-146. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Reyes, 1980:121, pi. 2: fig. 4. SIQUIJOR. 

Sphacelaria 

Trono, 1973d: 11. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Vannajan and Trono, 1978:8, fig. 2. LUZON: Cavite. 

Turbinaria 

Mefiez, 1961:68. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Reyes, 1972:147. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Trono, 1972:101. SULU: Tawitawi. 

Trono, 1973d: 12. SAMAR: Eastern Samar. 

CHLOROPHYCEAE 

Acetabularia 

Domantay, 1962:277. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Anadyomene 

Cordero, 1984a:74. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Boergesenia 

Trono, 1973b:217. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Boodlea 

Villones and Magdamo, 1968:26, fig. 14. LUZON: Batangas. 

Trono, 1973c:6. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Trono, 1973d:4. SULU: Tawitawi. 

Bryopsis 

Reyes, 1972:142. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Caulerpa 

Trono, 1973a: 128. LUZON: Sorsogon. 

Trono, 1973b:220. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Trono, 1973d:8, pi..2: fig. 6. SIQUIJOR. 

Cordero, 1976a:86, fig. 2. CEBU (Mactan I.). 

Cordero, 1977b:26, 28, fig. 3 [Caulerpa brachypus? "false-type"], SIQUIJOR. 

Cordero, 1984a:78. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Chaetomorpha 

G. Blanco, 1938:512. LUZON: Cagayan (incl. Babuyan Is.). 

Villones and Magdamo, 1968:24, fig. 10 [cited but not published]. 

LUZON: Batangas. 

Reyes, 1972:140. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Trono, 1973b:214. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Reyes, 1978:149. SIQUIJOR. 

*Cladocephalus 

Taylor, 1966b:352. PALAWAN (Balabac I.). 

Cladophora 

Cornejo and Velasquez, 1972:174, pi. 1: fig. 8. LUZON: Batangas. 

Trono, 1972:94. SULU: Tawitawi. 

Trono, 1973b:214. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Trono, 1973d:4. SIQUIJOR. 

Trono, 1975:29. LUZON: Sorsogon. 

Cordero, 1977b:22. BATANES. 

Vannajan and Trono, 1977:43, fig. 17. LUZON: Rizal, Manila. 

Reyes, 1978:147-148, pi. 4: figs. 3-7. SIQUIJOR. 

Cladophoropsis 

Trono, 1973d:4, pi. 1: fig. 4. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Cordero, 1984a:73 [as Spongocladia]. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Codium 

Galutira and Velasquez, 1964:498, pi. 2: fig. 6; pi. 7: fig. 24. LUZON: 

Ilocos Norte, 

de los Reyes, 1967:231, 233, fig. 1. LEYTE (Biliran I.). 

Trono, 1973b:223-225. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Trono, 1973c: 14, fig. 6. 

Trono, 1973d:9. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Reyes, 1978:158, pi. 10: figs. 1, 2. SIQUIJOR. 

Cordero, 1979b:282. PANAY: Aklan. 

Cordero, 1984a:79. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 
126 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Dasycladus 

Cordero, 1979b:282. PANAY: Aklan. [Specimen in UC determined as 

Chlorocladus australasicus by I.R. Price, 27.i. 1982.] 

Dictyosphaeria 

Reyes, 1978:152, pi. 6: figs. 11,12. SIQUIJOR. 

Enteromorpha 

Trono, 1972:94. SULU: Tawitawi. 

Trono, 1973c:4. MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro. 

Trono, 1975:25. LUZON: Sorsogon. 

Reyes, 1978:146. SIQUIJOR. 

Saraya and Trono, 1980:8. LUZON: Pangasinan. 

Guzman, 1981:42,47, 51. 

Cordero, 1984a:70. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Halimeda 

Trono, 1973b:227-228. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Trono, 1973d:9. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Trono, 1975:39-40. LUZON: Sorsogon. 

Trono and Young, 1977:57. CATANDUANES. 

Cordero, 1984a:81. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Microdictyon 

Trono, 1973b:215. SULU: Sulu (Siasi I.). 

Cordero, 1984a:74. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Monostroma 

Reyes, 1972:138. NEGROS: Negros Oriental. 

Reyes, 1978:146, pi. 3: fig. 6. SIQUIJOR. 

*Spongomorpha 

Liao and Sotto, 1980:96 [no description or collecting data], CEBU 

(Mactan I.). 

*Trichosolen 

Gilbert and Doty, 1969:122, fig. 5. LUZON: Rizal. CATANDUANES. CEBU. 

Ulva 

Trono, 1975:28. LUZON: Sorsogon. 

Reyes, 1978:147, pi. 3: fig. 10. SIQUIJOR. 

Cordero, 1984a:71. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 
Nomenclatural Notes 

by Paul C. Silva 

Later Starting Points in CYANOPHYCEAE 

The International Code of Botanical Nomenclature 

(ICBN; Voss et al., 1983) states that nomenclature for the 

Nostocales begins with the monographs of Bornet and Flahault (1886-1888) and Gomont (1892-1893). (The ICBN 

assigns an arbitrary date of 1886 and 1892, respectively, to 

these monographs.) An enormous body of taxonomic information about blue-green algae had been published before 

those distinguished French phycologists wrote their monographs. According to the ICBN, pre-starting point taxonomy may be retained, but pre-starting point nomenclature 

does not exist. This legalistic nonsense, rather than simplify 

the nomenclature of blue-green algae, has introduced hopeless confusion. Even those (like Drouet) who profess to 

follow the ICBN with regard to later starting points are 

inconsistent. Names treated as synonyms in the starting 

point monographs are invalid according to the ICBN, but 

Drouet (1968:14) pointed out that all such names presumably have been validated subsequently "by reference or by 

a new description." Lacking the time to "search through 

thousands of local floras, check-lists of species, and morphological, ecological, and physiological papers", Drouet 

treated those older names "as having been validly and 

autonomously published, not as synonyms, but by reference 

to their original descriptions'' in the starting point monograph and subsequent publications. 

In view of the facts that Drouet has located the types of 

the majority of blue-green algal species and that blue-green 

algal taxonomy is in an extraordinary state of flux, it seems 

pointless to attempt to accommodate their nomenclature to 

later starting points. Oscillatoria submembranacea is an example of the needless complications caused by the use of 

later starting points. This species was first described by 

Ardissone and Strafforello (1877) as Oscillaria submembranacea. In Gomont (1892), the starting point monograph for 

Oscillatoria, it was treated as Phormidium submembranaceum. 

In accordance with normal nomenclature, this name would 

be written Phormidium submembranaceum (Ardissone and 

Strafforello) Gomont, but Article 13.1 of the ICBN renders 

pre-starting point nomenclature invalid, so that the name 

must be ascribed solely to Gomont and dated from 1892, 

not 1877. Drouet (1968:203) transferred the species to 

Oscillatoria, but incorrectly attributed it directly to Ardissone and Strafforello (considering Oscillaria and Oscillatoria 

as orthographic variants, an equivocal interpretation). In 

accordance with later starting points, it should be written 

Oscillatoria submembranacea (Gomont) Drouet! 

In the long course of compiling the Index Nominum 

Algarum (since 1948), I repeatedly struggled with the complications of later starting points and eventually concluded 

that it was impractical to continue to do so. The present 

catalog is my first opportunity to make the iconoclastic 

move of basing the nomenclature of blue-green algae uniformly on the Linnaean starting date, 1753. 

The Taxonomy of Acrochaetioid Algae 

The confused taxonomy of acrochaetioid algae was thoroughly reviewed by Woelkerling (1983a), who expressed 

personal preference for either of two classifications: a monogeneric scheme using the oldest available name, Audouinella 

Bory de Saint-Vincent (1823:340, "Auduinella"); or a polygeneric scheme based solely on the type of life history 

without regard for vegetative features. Woelkerling concluded: "In the short term, it seems to me that it is more 

important to accumulate detailed, trustworthy data on numerous species than to engage in endless manipulation of 

generic schemes. Use of either of the above two schemes 

would provide a workable taxonomic framework while new 

studies are being carried out." 

The decision as to which classification would best serve 

the purposes of this catalog was based on the following 

considerations. Papenfuss (1945), in trying to delineate the 

South African acrochaetioid algae, concluded that it was 

possible to distribute them among four genera on the basis 

of the number and form of the cloroplasts in each vegetative 

cell, as follows: 

Rhodochorton, few to many small, discoid chloroplasts; 

Acrochaetium, one parietal or laminate chloroplast; 

Audouinella, one or more spiral chloroplasts; and 

Chromastrum, one or more stellate chloroplasts. 

It soon became apparent that the distinction drawn by 

Papenfuss between Acrochaetium and Chromastrum was difficult to maintain, partly because he (and many subsequent 

workers) confused form with position. A chloroplast with a 

stellate form may be axile or parietal in position. There are 

intermediate situations with regard to both form and position. Feldmann (1962) proposed that Acrochaetium include 

plants whose cells contain a single chloroplast of either form 

or position. Woelkerling (1971), believing that vegetative 

characters are of diagnostic value only at the species level, 

placed all acrochaetioid algae with sexual stages in one 

genus, Audouinella. He referred those without sexual stages 

to Colaconema Batters (1896:8), which he treated as a form 

127 
128 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

genus. Chromastrum was re-established by Stegenga and 

Mulder (1979) to include species with one axile, stellate, 

pyrenoid-bearing chloroplast in each cell and a life history 

involving an alternation of heteromorphic phases—the gametophyte with a unicellular base and the tetrasporophyte 

with a multicellular base that develops from a septately 

germinating carpospore. Acrochaetium was circumscribed to 

include species with one to several parietal pyrenoid-bearing 

chloroplasts in each cell and a life history involving an 

alternation of isomorphic phases. Audouinella was retained 

for species with one to several parietal chloroplasts of spiral 

or irregular shape, without pyrenoids. 

The nomenclature of acrochaetioid algae was muddled 

long ago by the selection of Acrochaetium daviesii (Dillwyn) 

Nageli (1862:405, 412), based on Conferva daviesii Dillwyn 

(1809 [1802-1809]:73, pi. F), as the lectotype of its genus 

by Drew (1928:147), who erroneously believed (along with 

all other authors) that the genus was first described by 

Nageli in 1862. In fact, it was described in 1858, and A. 

daviesii was not among the original species. Accordingly, 

Woelkerling (1983a:65) set aside the lectotype that, although untenable, had been accepted for more than a halfcentury, replacing it with A. secundatum (Lyngbye) Nageli 

(1858:532, footnote), based on Callithamnion daviesii (Dillwyn) Lyngbye var. secundatum Lyngbye (1819:129, pi. 41B: 

figs. 4-6). Although in both species each cell contains a 

single chloroplast with a pyrenoid, in A. daviesii the chloroplast is laminate and parietal, while in A. secundatum it is 

stellate and axile. Those schemes that are based on vegetative features, either wholly or partly, are thus severely 

affected. Chromastrum falls into synonymy under Acrochaetium, while some name other than Acrochaetium must be 

applied to those species considered by many workers 

through many decades to be congeneric with A. daviesii. 

Stegenga (1985) applied Colaconema to the latter circumscription. The coining of numerous binomials as a consequence of changing the lectotype of Acrochaetium could be 

precluded by the conservation of that generic name using 

the 1862 publication as protologue and A. daviesii as type. 

Any proposal for conservation, however, should await further clarification of the taxonomy of acrochaetioid algae. 

Because any classification of acrochaetioid algae used at 

present either would be admittedly artificial (based on a 

single character) or, if allegedly natural (based on morphological, ontogenetic, and life history characters), would be 

criticized as being premature, I have employed a scheme 

that at least has the merit of not requiring new binomials, 

namely that of Feldmann (1962). According to this classification, all records of acrochaetioid algae for the Philippines 

are encompassed by Acrochaetium. 

Galaxauraceae as a Replacement for Chaetangiaceae 

When Chaetangium was established, Kutzing (1843b:392) 

misidentified his material with Fucus ornatus Linnaeus, 

which has turned out to be representative of Suhria in the 

Gelidiaceae (see Papenfuss, 1952:173). For many decades 

the name Chaetangium has been applied on the basis of 

Kiitzing's material, but a decision made at the International 

Botanical Congress at Sydney in 1981 makes it clear that 

the name must remain with Suhria unless conservation is 

invoked. 

Parkinson (1983), after reviewing the nomenclatural history of Chaetangium, decided against conservation of that 

generic name, choosing instead to propose Suhria for conservation against Chaetangium and to resurrect Nothogenia 

Montagne (1843a:302) as a replacement for Chaetangium. 

[Nothogenia variolosa (Montagne) Montagne, the type of its 

genus, was placed in the synonymy of Chaetangium fastigiatum (Bory de Saint-Vincent) J. Agardh by Kylin (in Kylin 

and Skottsberg, 1919:6)]. Because the name Chaetangiaceae must be considered a synonym of Gelidiaceae, Parkinson simultaneously established the family Galaxauraceae. 

Portieria as a Replacement for Chondrococcus 

The genus of Rhizophyllidaceae currently called Desmia 

Lyngbye (1819) emend. J. Agardh (1852 [1851-1863]) or 

Chondrococcus Kutzing (1847) has a troubled nomenclatural 

history. I have discussed it in detail previously (Silva, 

1952a:304-306), but it is necessary to return to it in light 

of changes in the, ICBN made at Sydney pertaining to the 

typification of generic names. 

Desmia was established by Lyngbye (1819:XXIX, 33) to 

receive three species with narrow, compressed branches. 

One species is the type of Herbacea Stackhouse (1809) and 

another is the type of Hippurina Stackhouse (1809). Both 

of these genera are referable to Desmarestia Lamouroux 

(1813), but the name Desmarestia has been conserved against 

the Stackhouse names. Desmia is thus a superfluous name 

for Desmarestia and illegitimate in accordance with Article 

63.1 of the ICBN. Although Lyngbye did not give a reason 

for abandoning the name Desmarestia, which he cited in 

synonymy, he may have considered Desmia a better name 

because of its brevity or because it was descriptive (derived 

from the Greek word desmos, "band") rather than commemorative (Desmarestia being named for Anselm Gaetan Desmarest, a French zoologist). The sharing of the first four 

letters by the two names perhaps is not purely coincidental. 

The third species assigned by Lyngbye to Desmia was D. 

hornemannii ("hornemanni"), based on a specimen sent to 

him by Mertens under the name Fucus hornemanni. Mertens 

found this specimen among Forsskal's collections and indicated that it came from Helsing$r on the </)resund (strait 

between Denmark and Sweden), but the provenance probably was the Red Sea (see Rosenvinge, 1931:617). Lyngbye 

cited Fucus hornemanni as being published by Mertens in 

the Gottingische gelehrte Anzeigen for 1815, but at that 

place (page 633) it was a nomen nudum (see Papenfuss, 

1940:216). Valid nomenclature for this species thus begins 
NUMBER 27 129 

with Desmia hornemannii as described and illustrated by 

Lyngbye (1819:35, pi. 7:c). Subsequent to 1819 and prior 

to 1852, the name Desmia was applied either to a genus 

closely related to Desmarestia or to a section or subgenus of 

that genus. 

J. Agardh (1852 [1851-1863]:639) emended the genus 

Desmia, retaining only D. hornemannii of Lyngbye's original 

species and adding two other species, D. ambigua]. Agardh 

from India and D. tripinnata (Hering) J. Agardh (Rhodymenia tripinnata Hering) from South Africa. He accredited 

the emended genus to himself and placed it (with a query) 

in the tribus Sphaerococcoideae of the ordo Sphaerococcoideae (a broadly defined group not equivalent taxonomically to the modern Sphaerococcaceae). 

Meanwhile, Kutzing (1847a:23) had established the genus 

Chondrococcus on the basis of Fucus abscissus Turner (1819 

[1815-1819]:65, pi. 223) from New Zealand and F. lambertii Turner (1819 [1815-1810]:96, pi. 237) from Australia. 

The first species is currently placed in Melanthalia Montagne (1843) in the Gracilariaceae, while the second species, 

as defined by the type collection, is referable to Callophyllis 

Kutzing (1843) in the Kallymeniaceae. Kutzing applied the 

name Chondrococcus lambertii to a mixture of species, citing 

both Australian and South African specimens, the former 

being representative of Callophyllis, the latter of Chondrococcus as currently defined. At the time that I wrote my 

account of the nomenclatural history of Chondrococcus, typification of generic names was not legislated unequivocally 

by the ICBN, and the contemporary consensus was that in 

the event an author based a generic description on one 

entity but erroneously assigned it to a different entity, the 

generic name should apply to the material at hand. In the 

case of Chondrococcus, Kutzing based the generic description 

on South African material, so that in 1952 I concluded that 

the correct name for the genus was Chondrococcus. At Sydney in 1981, however, the ICBN was changed to specify 

that the type of a generic name must be a cited species. 

Thus, the type of Chondrococcus is either Fucus abscissus or 

F. lambertii, making the generic name a later taxonomic 

synonym of Melanthalia Montagne (1843) or Callophyllis 

Kutzing (1843). 

J. Agardh (1852 [1851-1863]:639) cited Chondrococcus 

as a synonym of his emended Desmia, and during the period 

1852-1895 only Kutzing used that name. Schmitz 

(1895:168-172) reviewed the genus and adopted the name 

Chondrococcus in preference to Desmia. Most subsequent 

authors have followed Schmitz in this regard. 

Portieria Zanardini (1851:33) appears to be the only available synonym. This genus was established to receive a single 

species, P. coccinea, based on material obtained in the Red 

Sea by Portier, a poorly known French collector (see Zanardini, 1858:210). This species was placed in the synonymy 

of Chondrococcus hornemannii by Schmitz (1895:170). The 

status of Portieria as the first generic name unequivocally 

applied to the rhizophyllidaceous genus under consideration supports the adoption of this name in preference to 

manipulating the conservation of either Desmia or Chondrococcus. 

The genus Portieria includes the following species. 

Portieria? dichotoma (Hauck) P.C. Silva, new combination {Desmia dichotoma 

Hauck, 1886 [ 1886-1887]:218. fig. [s.n.]). 

P. harveyi (J. Agardh) P.C. Silva, new combination (Desmia harveyi]. Agardh, 

1876:356). 

P. hornemannii (Lyngbye) P.C. Silva, new combination (Desmia hornemannii 

Lyngbye, 1819:35, pi. 7:c). 

P. japonica (Harvey) P.C. Silva, new combination (Desmia japonica Harvey, 

1860a:331). 

P. kilneri (J. Agardh) P.C. Silva, new combination (Desmia kilneri]. Agardh, 

1876:355). 

P. spinulosa (Kutzing) P.C. Silva, new combination (Chondrococcus spinulosus 

Kutzing, 1868:11, pi. 32: figs. a-c). 

It may be noted that Papenfuss (1940:218) recognized 

Desmia tripinnata as a separate species, but D. Reid Wiseman, in a recent study of material in the Herbarium of the 

University of California at Berkeley, retained it within the 

circumscription of Chondrococcus hornemannii. 

Eupogodon as a Replacement for Dasyopsis 

The genus Dasyopsis is always attributed to Zanardini 

(1843:52). In the place cited, however, there is no description. Zanardini merely stated that he was persuaded to 

segregate Dasya plana C. Agardh and D. spinella C. Agardh 

into their own genus by the position, form, and disposition 

of the stichidia, without giving the stichidial characters. 

Montagne (1844b:611) prepared a special article on Dasyopsis for d'Orbigny's Dictionnaire Universelle d'Histoire 

Naturelle, but without giving a description. In his Flore 

d'Algerie, Montagne (1846b:85) reduced Dasyopsis to a 

subgenus of Dasya and validated the name at subgeneric 

rank by providing a diagnosis. The following year, Montagne (1847:54) recognized Dasyopsis as a genus. 

Meanwhile, Kutzing (1845:312), arriving independently 

at the taxonomic conclusion that Dasya plana should be 

segregated from Dasya, established the genus Eupogodon. 

He later (Kutzing, 1849:801) added Dasya spinella and D. 

cervicornis ]. Agardh to the genus. Kutzing provided a 

diagnosis in his original publication of Eupogodon, and thus 

this name takes priority over Dasyopsis (Montagne) Montagne. Kutzing originally treated Eupogodon ("true beardtooth") as a neuter name, but in fact it is masculine, as he 

himself recognized in subsequent publications. 

The genus Eupogodon includes the following species. 

Eupogodon anastomosans (Weber-van Bosse) P.C. Silva, new combination 

(Dasyopsis anastomosans Weber-van Bosse, 1921:309, pi. VII: fig. X). 

E. antillarum (Howe) P.C. Silva, new combination (Dasyopsis antillarum 

Howe, 1920:577). 

E. apertus (Weber-van Bosse) P.C. Silva, new combination (Dasyopsis aperta 

Weber-van Bosse, 1913b: 128, pi. 13: fig. 17; pi. 14: fig. 32). 

E. apiculatus (C. Agardh) P.C. Silva, new combination (Bonnemaisonia 

apiculata C. Agardh, 1835: no. xxxix, pi. 39). 
130 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

E. cervicornis (]. Agardh) Kutzing, 1849:802. 

E. geppii (Weber-van Bosse) P.C. Silva, new combination (Dasyopsis geppii 

Weber-van Bosse, 1913b:130, pi. 13: figs. 18-20; pi. 14: fig. 33). 

E. palmatifidus (Weber-van Bosse) P.C. Silva, new combination (Dasyopsis 

palmatifida Weber-van Bosse, 1913b: 130, pi. 13: fig. 21). 

E. penicillatus (Zanardini) P.C. Silva, new combination (Dasya penicillata 

Zanardini, 1865:379, pi. XIV [XLI]). 

E. pilosus (Weber-van Bosse) P.C. Silva, new combination (Dasyopsis pilosa 

Weber-van Bosse, 1923:377, fig. 137). 

E. pinnatifolius (Suhr) P.C. Silva, new combination (Ptilota ? pinnatifolia 

Suhr, 1834:732, pi. II: figs. 18 and t). 

E. planus (C. Agardh) Kutzing, 1845:312. 

E. pulchellus (Weber-van Bosse) P.C. Silva, new combination (Dasyopsis 

pulchella Weber-van Bosse, 1921:309, pi. VII: fig. VII). 

E. spinellus (C. Agardh) Kutzing, 1849:801. 

E. stanleyi (Weber-van Bosse) P.C. Silva, new combination (Dasyopsis stanleyi 

Weber-van Bosse, 1913b: 128, pi. 13: fig. 16). 

E. tenellus (Weber-van Bosse) P.C. Silva, new combination (Dasyopsis tenella 

Weber-van Bosse, 1921:309, pi. VII: fig. VI). 

Hincksia as a Replacement for Giffordia 

While John Edward Gray was Keeper of the Zoology 

Department of the British Museum, he prepared a catalog 

"merely to enable Mrs. Gray to arrange her collection of 

British Algae according to the most recent methods." In 

this scholarly but generally overlooked work, Gray (1864) 

defined some common filamentous genera more narrowly 

than was customary at that time, creating new genera 

among blue-green, red, brown, and green algae. One of the 

genera segregated from Ectocarpus was Hincksia, to which 

Gray assigned a single species, H. ramulosa, based on Ectocarpus hincksiae Harvey (1841:40). This species was transferred to Giffordia Batters (1893:86) by Hamel (1939:xv). 

Gray (1864:12) characterized Hincksia as follows: "Frond 

secundly branched; fruit conical, sessile> produced along the 

inner face of the branches and ramuli, one arising from 

almost every joint, giving the branch a serrated appearance." Although this diagnosis lacks two essential generic 

characters (discoid plastids and lack or irregular occurrence 

of meristematic regions), it is clear that Gray had a species 

of Giffordia in hand and that Hincksia should supersede 

Giffordia. Both generic names commemorate female British 

phycologists, Hannah Hincks (1798-1871) of Belfast and 

Isabella Gifford (1823?-1891) of Minehead, Somerset, respectively. 

The genus Hincksia includes the following species. 

Hincksia andamanensis (Krishnamurthy and Baluswami) P.C. Silva, new 

combination (Giffordia andamanensis Krishnamurthy and Baluswami, 

1982:104, figs. 1-11; 1983:47). 

H. bhimlipatnamensis (Krishnamurthy and Baluswami) P.C. SiTva, new combination (Giffordia bhimlipatnamensis Krishnamurthy and Baluswami, 

1982:105, figs. 12-15; 1983:47). 

H. clavata (Krishnamurthy and Baluswami) P.C. Silva, new combination 

(Giffordia clavata Krishnamurthy and Baluswami, 1982:106, figs. 23 -

28; 1983:48). 

H. fenestrata (Berkeley ex Harvey) P.C. Silva, new combination (Ectocarpus 

feneslralus Berkeley ex Harvey, 1849 [1847-1851]: pi. CCLVII; 

1849:58). 

H. fuscata (Zanardini) P.C. Silva, new combination (Ectocarpus fuscatus 

Zanardini in Meneghini, 1846:381). 

H. ghardaqaensis (Nasr) P.C. Silva, new combination (Ectocarpus ghardaqaensis Nasr, 1939:59, figs. 8, 9). 

H. granulosa (J.E. Smith) P.C. Silva, new combination (Conferva granulosa 

J.E. Smith, 1811 [1811-1812]: pi. 2351). 

H. hincksiae (Harvey) P.C. Silva, new combination (Ectocarpus hincksiae 

Harvey, 1841:40). 

H. hincksiae var. californica (Hollenberg and Abbott) P.C. Silva, new combination (Giffordia hincksiae var. californica Hollenberg and Abbott, 

1968:1238, fig. 3). 

H. intermedia (Rosenvinge) P.C. Silva, new combination (Ectocarpus ovatus 

var. intermedius Rosenvinge in Rosenvinge and S. Lund, 1941:49, figs. 

21,22). 

Hi mitchelliae (Harvey) P.C. Silva, new combination (Ectocarpus mitchelliae 

Harvey, 1852:142, pi. XII:G, "mitchellae"). 

H. mitchelliae var. neilii (Krishnamurthy and Baluswami) P.C. Silva, new 

combination (Giffordia mitchelliae var. neilii Krishnamurthy and Baluswami, 1982:106, figs. 16-22; 1983:47). 

H. onslowensis (Amsler and Kapraun) P.C. Silva, new combination (Giffordia 

onslowensis Amsler and Kapraun, 1985:94, figs. 1-3). 

H. ovata (Kjellman) P.C. Silva, new combination (Ectocarpus ovatus Kjellman, 1877:35). 

H. prolifera (Krishnamurthy and Baluswami) P.C. Silva, new combination 

(Giffordia prolifera Krishnamurthy and Baluswami, 1982:107, figs. 29-

4 1; 1983:48). 

H. rallsiae (Vickers) P.C. Silva, new combination (Ectocarpus rallsiae Vickers, 1905:59). 

H. sandriana (Zanardini) P.C. Silva, new combination (Ectocarpus sandrianus 

Zanardini, 1843:41). 

H. saundersii (Setchell and Gardner) P.C. Silva, new combination (Ectocarpus 

saundersii Setchell and Gardner, 1922:411). 

H. secunda (Kutzing) P.C. Silva, new combination (Ectocarpus secundus 

Kutzing, 1847a:54). 

H. sordida (Harvey) P.C. Silva, new combination (Ectocarpus sordidus 

Harvey, 1860c:294). 

H. terminalis (Krishnamurthy and Baluswami) P.C. Silva, new combination 

(Giffordia terminalis Krishnamurthy and Baluswami, 1982:108, figs. 46-

57; 1983:48). 

H. tkyrsoidea (B^rgesen) P.C. Silva, new combination (Ectocarpus tkyrsoideus 

B^rgesen, 1937:12, figs. 6, 7). 

The Correct Name for Hormophysa triquetra 

The nomenclature of this species was investigated by 

Papenfuss (1968), who, after considering several synonyms, 

concluded that the correct name was Hormophysa triquetra 

(C- Agardh) Kutzing. As will be shown, this name must be 

superseded. 

When uncritically compiling the hitherto described species of Fucus, J.F. Gmelin (1792) confronted two pairs of 

homonyms, both now believed to involve Hormophysa triquetra. One pair was Fucus triqueter S.G. Gmelin (1768:122, 

pi. VIII: fig. 4)andF. triqueter Linnaeus (1771:312). Swartz 

(1788:148) had previously attempted to rectify the homonymy, but erred in proposing a substitute name, Fucus 

trifarius, for the senior homonym rather than the junior 

homonym. The first species is now known as Bryothamnion 

triquetrum (S.G. Gmelin) Howe (1915:222), a rhodomelaceous red alga from the Caribbean. Fucus triqueter Linnaeus 

was the first description of a species of Hormophysa. J.F. 
NUMBER 27 131 

Gmelin (1792:1382, 1383) erred in the same manner as 

Swartz, retaining the junior homonym and substituting the 

name Fucus triangularis for the Caribbean alga (which was 

called Bryothamnion triangulare until Howe pointed out the 

illegitimacy of that name). On transferring F. triqueter Linnaeus to Cystoseira, C. Agardh (1820b:61) provided a binomial (C. triquetra) that may be treated as a nomen novum 

in accordance with Article 72, Note 1, of the ICBN. 

The second pair of homonyms was Fucus articulatus S.G. 

Gmelin (1768:77) and F. articulatus Forsskal (1775:191). 

The first species was described, but not illustrated (the 

reference to pi. II: fig. 1, apparently being erroneous, 

judging from the legend and a comparison of the cited 

figure with the description). The provenance was said to be 

"Oceanus Indicus." In the absence of a type specimen, a 

definitive identification is not possible. The Forsskal species 

was united with F. triqueter Linnaeus in the genus Cystoseira 

by C. Agardh (1820b: 61), and subsequent authors have 

considered the two species as congeneric, but not always 

conspecific. J. Agardh (1848:215-216) recognized separate 

species, and on transferring F. articulatus Forsskal to Cystoseira, provided a binomial (C. articulata) that may be treated 

as a nomen novum in accordance with Article 72, Note 1, 

of the ICBN. On the basis of priority or perhaps purely by 

chance, J.F. Gmelin (1792:1381, 1389) retained the senior 

homonym and substituted the name Fucus cuneiformis for 

F. articulatus Forsskal. By an examination of Forsskal's 

collection at Copenhagen (C), B0rgesen (1932:11) confirmed that Fucus articulatus Forsskal is referable to Hormophysa. Hence, Fucus cuneiformis is the earliest legitimate 

name for this species and its correct name is Hormophysa 

cuneiformis (J.F. Gmelin) P.C. Silva, new combination. 

Validation of the Green Algal Order Ctendocladales 

The order Ctenocladales was proposed by Silva 

(1982:147) to accommodate those green algae previously 

placed in the Chaetophoraceae with ulvophycean rather 

than chlorophycean ultrastructure. The nature of the publication (an encyclopedia) precluded the provision of a Latin 

diagnosis essential to the validity of the name. Validation is 

effected herewith: Chlorophytae (algae virides) filamenta 

uniseriata ramosa aut sarcinas cellularum constantes; thallus 

erectus aut prostratus aut heterotrichus, filamentis prostratis libris aut cohaerentibus; cellulae omnes nucleum unum 

et chloroplastum singulum parietalem laminatem plerumque pyrenoidibus thylakoidiperductis (uno aut aliquot) 

continentes; cellulae motiles squamatae aut nudae cum uno 

aut multis flagellis; flagella apicaliter affixa, symmetrica 

radialiter, cum systemate radicum microtubulare cruciato, 

radicibus rotationem contra horologii habentibus; cytokinesis per sulco cum phycoplasto nihil consociato effectus. 

Familia typificata: Ctenocladaceae (Borzi) Borzi 

(1892:48, "Ctenocladiaceae"). 
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[Tokyo], 34:1-12. 

Yoshida, T. 

1978. [Lectotypification of Sargassum kjellmanianum and S. miyabei 

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1980. Typification of the Taxa Described by Yendo in His "Fucaceae". 

Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Botany, 

12:99-106, VII plates. 

1983. Japanese Species of Sargassum Subgenus Bactrophycus (Phaeophyta, Fucales). Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Botany, 13:99-246, 99 figures. 

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1843. Saggio di classificazione naturale delle Ficee. 64 pages, [1] plate. 

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1847. Notizie intorno alle cellulari marine delle lagune e de'litorali di 

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Zaneveld, J.S. 

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156 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

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Zarsuelo, J.C. 

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Zeller, G. 

1873. Algae Collected by Mr. S. Kurz in Arracan and British Burma, 

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Zollinger, H. 

1854. Systematisches Verzeichniss der im indischen Archipel in den Jahren 

1842-1848 gesammelten sowie der aus Japan empfangenen Pflanzen. xii + 160 pages. Zurich. 
Index 

(Valid taxa (centered heads in the text) appear in roman; invalid taxa in italic.) 

abrotanifolius, Fucus, 26 

abscissus, Fucus, 129 

Acanthocodium fragile, 112 

Acanthophora, 60 

aokii, 60 

muscoides, 60 

orientalis, 61 

spicifera, 60 

spicifera f. orientalis, 61 

thierryi, 61 

acanthophorus, Fucus, 61 

acerosa, Gelidiella, 25 

acerosus, Fucus, 25 

Acetabularia, 121 

calyculus, 121 

clavata, 121 

crenulata, 121 

dentata, 121 

exigua, 121 

major, 121 

minutissima, 122 

moebii, 122 

parvula, 122 

philippinensis, 122 

roxasii, 122 

ryukyuensis, 122 

ryukyuensis var. philippinensis, 122 

velasquezii, 122 

aciculare, Sargassum, 84 

aciculare, Sargassum filifolium var., 84 

Acrocarpus pusillus, 25 

Acrochaetium, 8, 123, 127 

daviesii, 128 

gracile, 18 

hallandicum, 19 

hancockii, 19 

liagorae, 19 

nitidulum, 19 

papenfussii, 19 

robustum, 19 

sargassi, 19 

secundatum, 128 

seriatum, 19 

sinicola, 19 

trichogloeae, 19 

tuticorinense, 19 

Acrocystis, 61 

nana, 61 

Actinotrichia, 22 

fragilis, 22 

rigida, 22 

acuminata, Galaxaura, 22 

acuminata, Grateloupia, 30 

acuminata, Halymenia, 30 

acutissimus, Microcoleus, 10, 12 

adhaerens, Callophyllis, 31 

adhaerens, Codium, 111, 112 

adhaerens, Dasya, 59 

adhaerens, Jania, 34 

adnata, Callophyllis, 31 

adnata, Caloglossa, 58 

adnata, Delesseria, 58 

adnata, Gelidiella, 25 

aegagropila, Cladophora, 5 

aegagropila, Valonia, 102 

aemulum, Sargassum, 82 

aerea, Chaetomorpha , 95 

aerea, Conferva, 95 

aeruginea, Calothrix, 13 

aeruginea, Leibleinia, 13 

aeruginosa, Anacystis, 7 

aeruginosa, Gracilaria foliifera f., 42 

aeruginosa, Gracilaria multipartita var., 42 

aeruginosa, Palmogloea, 7 

aeruginosus, Fucus, 42 

aestuarii, Conferva, 9 

aestuarii, Lyngbya, 9 

affine, Ceramium, 54 

affinis, Carpopeltis, 28 

affinis, Gigartina, 28 

africana, Roschera, 71 

africanum, Rhizoclonium, 99 

agardhianum, Microdictyon, 95 

agardhianum, Sargassum, 82 

Agardhiella, 44, 123 

Aglaotkamnion, 56 

Ahnfeltia, 50, 123 

concinna, 50 

furcellata, 51 

ajakii-assii, Eucheuma alvarezii var., 45 

albida, Annulina, 97 

albida, Cladophora, 97 

albida, Conferva, 97 

alcyonida, Eucheuma arnoldii var., 45 

alsidii, Bangia, 17 

alsidii, Goniotrichum, 17 

Alsidium, 61 

helminthochortos, 95 

pusillum, 61 

alvarezii, Eucheuma, 45 

alvarezii var. ajakii-assii, Eucheuma, 45 

alvarezii var. tambalangii, Eucheuma, 45 

Amansia, 61 , 123 

glomerata, 61 

jungermannioides, 68 

amansii, Fucus, 25 

amansii, Gelidium, 25 

ambigua, Caulerpa, 104 

ambigua, Desmia, 129 

ambiguum, Phormidium, 9, 11, 14 

amicorum, Caulerpa, 105 

amicorum, Caulerpa cupressoides var. lycopodium f., 105 

amoena, Amphithrix, 11 

amoenum, Phormidium, 11 

Amphiroa, 32, 123 

anastomosans, 32 

anceps, 32 

annulata, 32 

beauvoisii, 32 

cultrata, 34 

cumingii, 32 

cyathifera, 33 

dilatata, 32 

ephedraea, 32 

foliacea, 33 

foliacea f. erecta, 33 

fragilissima, 33 

fragilissima f. cyathifera, 33 

hancockii, 33 

pacifica, 33 

rigida, 33 

subcylindrica, 33 

tribulus, 33 

valonioides, 34 

zonata, 34 

Amphithrix amoena, 11 

Anabaena, 123 

Anabaina, 8, 123 

oscillarioides, 8 

pseudoscillatoria, 8 

Anacystis, 7 

aeruginosa, 7 

Anadyomene, 94, 125 

brownii, 94 

eseptata, 94 

fiabellata, 95 

leclancheri, 94 

obscura, 117 

plicata, 94 

stellata, 94 

wrightii, 95 

anastomosans, Amphiroa, 32 

anastomosans, Cladophora, 101 

anastomosans, Dasyopsis, 129 

anastomosans, Eupogodon, 129 

anastomosans, Struvea, 101 

anceps, Amphiroa, 32 

anceps, Corallina, 32 

andamanensis, Giffordia, 130 

andamanensis, Hincksia, 130 

andersonii, Gracilaria, 43 

andoi, Bostrychia, 62 

angusta, Carpopeltis, 28 

angustifolium, Sargassum binderi var., 82 

157 
158 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

angustus, Gymnogongrus ligulatus var., 28 

annulata, Amphiroa, 32 

annulata, Neomeris, 121 

Annulina albida, 97 

Anotrichium, 53 

tenue, 53 

antennina, Chaetomorpha , 95 

antennina, Conferva, 95 

anthoninii, Gelidium, 5 

antillanum, Antithamnion, 53 

antillarum, Dasyopsis, 60, 129 

antillarum, Eupogodon, 60, 129 

Antithamnion, 53, 123 

antillanum, 53 

Iherminieri, 53 

subcorticatum, 54 

aokii, Acanthophora , 60 

aokii, Cladophora, 97 

aperta, Dasyopsis, 129 

apertus, Eupogodon, 129 

Aphanocapsa, 123 

apiculata, Bonnemaisonia, 129 

apiculata, Galaxaura, 22 

apiculata, Polysiphonia, 69 

apiculatum, Centroceras, 54 

apiculatus, Eupogodon, 129 

arabicum, Codium, 111 

aragoensis, Enteromorpha , 91 

arborea, Galaxaura, 22 

arborescens, Padina, 77 

Archaeolithothamnion 

erythraeum f. durum, 38 

erythraeum f. molle, 38 

schmidtii, 39 

sibogae, 39 

timorense, 39 

arcuata, Gracilaria, 40 

arcuata var. snackeyi, Gracilaria, 41 

arenaria, Schizothrix, 13 

arenicola, Caulerpa, 104 

argentea, Udotea, 118 

argentea var. spumosa, Udotea, 119 

argus, Griffithsia, 57 

argus, Wrangelia, 57 

armata, Chondria, 62 

armata, Lophura, 62 

arnoldii, Eucheuma, 45 

arnoldii var. alcyonida, Eucheuma, 45 

articulata, Carpopeltis, 29 

articulata, Cystoseira, 81 , 131 

articulata, Lomentaria, 52 

articulata, Prionitis, 29 

articulata, Ulva, 52 

articulatus, Fucus, 81 , 131 

Asparagopsis, 21 

delilei, 21 

sanfordiana, 22 

taxiformis, 21 

Asperococcus 

intricatus, 80 

orientalis, 80 

asperum, Spatoglossum, 79 

Asterocytis, 123 

ornata, 17 

atomaria, Dictyota, 76 

atomarius, Fucus, 76 

atropurpurea , Bangia, 17 

atropurpurea, Conferva, 17 

atropurpurea , Porphyra, 18 

atropurpurea, Ulva, 18 

attenuata, Crouania, 56 

attenuata, Derbesia, 104 

attenuata, Mesogloia, 56 

attenuatum, Hypoglossum, 58 

australasicus, Chlorocladus, 120, 126 

australasicus, Dasycladus, 120 

australe f. brachiatum, Lithothamnion, 36 

australe f. minutulum, Lithothamnion, 37 

australe f. ubianum, Lithothamnion, 37 

australis, Helminthocladia, 20 

australis, Padina, 77 

Audouinella, 127, 128 

Avrainvillea, 117 

capituliformis, 117 

erecta, 117 

lacerata, 117 

lacerata var. robustior, 117 

levis, 117 

longicaulis, 117 

nigricans, 117 

obscura, 117 

sordida, 117 

bacciferum, Sargassum, 86 

bacciferus, Fucus, 86 

baccularia, Fucus, 82 

baccularia, Sargassum, 82 

baileyana, Chylocladia, 52 

baileyana, Lomentaria, 52 

baillouviana, Dasya, 59 

baillouviana, Fucus, 59 

Baillouviana punicea, 59 

Balliella, 54 

subcorticata, 54 

Bangia, 15, 17 

alsidii, 17 

atropurpurea , 17 

elegans, 17 

fuscopurpurea, 18 

yamadae, 18 

bangioides, Erythrotrichia, 17 

bartayresiana, Dictyota, 75 

bartayresiana var. denticulata, Dictyota, 

75 

bartayresii, Dictyota, 75 

bartlettii, Codium, 112 

basilanicum, Sargassum siliquosum var., 

88 

batanensis, Claudea, 58 

batanensis, Halimeda, 116 

Batrachospermum requienii, 19 

beaudettei, Polysiphonia, 69 

beauvoisii, Amphiroa, 32 

Beckerella, 25 

scalaramosa, 25 

belangeri, Sargassum, 82 

benkulense, Sargassum ilicifolium f., 85 

berberifolium, Sargassum, 82 

bemardinum, Sargassum oligocystum 

var., 86 

bemardinum, Sargassum oocyste var., 87 

bhimlipatnamensis, Giffordia, 130 

bhimlipatnamensis, Hincksia, 130 

bicornutum, Sargassum siliquosum var., 

88 

bicuspidata, Wrangelia, 57 

bidentata, Dictyota, 75 

bifida, Champia, 53 

biforme, Sargassum, 82 

bikinensis, Halimeda, 114 

binderi, Bostrychia, 61 

binderi, Sargassum, 86 

binderi var. angustifolium, Sargassum, 82 

binderi var. vitiense, Sargassum, 86 

biseriata, Erythrotrichia, 17 

blodgettii, Gracilaria, 41 

Boergesenia, 100, 125 

forbesii, 100 

boergesenii, Hypnea, 48 

boergesenii, Liagora, 20 

boergesenii, Microdictyon, 95 

Bonnemaisonia apiculata, 129 

bonnemaisonii, Oscillaria, 11 

bonnemaisonii, Oscillatoria, 11 

Boodlea, 100, 125 

coacta, 100 

composita, 100 

montagnei, 100 

siamensis, 100 

struveoides, 100 

vanbosseae, 5 

Boodleopsis, 117 

pusilla, 117 

verticillata, 117 

borealis, Rhodopeltis, 39 

Bometella, 119 

nitida, 119 

oligospora, 120 

ovalis, 120 

sphaerica, 120 

bornetii, Tapeinodasya, 60 

boryana, Caulerpa, 109 

boryana, Caulerpa serrulata var., 109 

boryana f. longifolia, Caulerpa serrulata 

var., 109 

boryana f. occidentalis, Caulerpa freycinetii 

var., 109 

boryana f. occidentalis, Caulerpa serrulata 

var., 109 

boryana, Padina, 77 

Bostrychia, 61 

andoi, 62 

binderi, 61 

calliptera, 61 

intricata, 61 

kelanensis, 62 

mixta, 62 

mixta f. inermis, 62 

moritziana, 62 

radicans, 62 

rivularis, 62 

simpliciuscula, 62 

tenella, 62 

tenuis, 62 

tenuis f. simpliciuscula, 62 
NUMBER 27 159 

Botryocarpa, 58 

prolifera, 58 

botryocarpus, Fucus, 58 

Botryocladia, 51 

botryoides, 51 

kuckuckii, 51 

pyriformis, 51 

skottsbergii, 51 

uvarioides, 51 

botryoides, Botryocladia, 51 

botryoides, Fucus, 51 

brachiatum, Lithothamnion australe f., 36 

brachygona, Chaetomorpha , 95 

brachypus, Caulerpa, 104, 125 

brachypus f. parvifolia, Caulerpa, 104 

Brachytrichia, 15 

maculans, 15 

quoyi, 15 

breviarticulata, Hincksia, 73 

breviarticulatus, Ectocarpus, 73 

brevior, Corallina ungulata f., 36 

brevior, Jania ungulata f., 36 

brevipes, Caulerpa plumaris var., 110 

brevipes, Caulerpa sertularioides f., 110 

brevis, Oscillatoria, 5 

brongniartii, Laurencia, 64 

brownii, Anadyomene , 94 

brownii, Calomena, 94 

Bryopsis, 103, 125 

corticulans, 103 

indica, 103 

pachynema, 103 

pennata, 103 

pennata var. secunda, 103 

plumosa, 103 

plumosa var. secunda, 103 

tenuissima, 104 

Bryothamnion 

triangulare, 131 

triquetrum, 130 

bullata, Dictyosphaeria cavernosa var., 

102 

bullata, Rivularia, 13, 14 

bullata, Ulva, 14 

bursa-pastoris, Fucus, 41 

bursa-pastoris, Gracilaria, 41 

byssoides, Lithophyllum, 36 

byssoides, Lithothamnion, 36 

byssoides, Nullipara, 36 

byssoideum, Ceramium, 54, 55 

byssoideum, Ceramium gracillimum var., 54 

caenomyce, Liagora, 20 

caenomyce, Yamadaella, 20 

caespitosa, Catenella, 48 

caespitosa, Champia, 53 

caespitosa, Chlorodesmis, 118 

caespitosa, Ulva, 48 

calcarea, Millepora, 38 

calcareum, Lithothamnion, 38 

calcareum, Phymatolithon, 38 

calcea, Peyssonnelia, 27 

calcicola, Schizothrix, 9, 10, 11, 12 

californica, Giffordia hincksiae var., 130 

californica, Grateloupia, 30 

californica, Hincksia hincksiae var., 130 

californica, Kallymenia, 32 

californica, Meredithia, 32 

californica, Rhodymenia, 52 

Calliarthron, 123 

calliptera, Bostrychia, 61 

calliptera, Rhodomela, 61 

Callithamnion, 123 

daviesii var. secundatum, 128 

elegans, 57 

Callophycus, 45 

serratus, 45 

Callophyllis, 31 , 123, 129 

adhaerens, 31 

adnata, 31 

chilensis, 32 

japonica, 32 

okamurae , 32 

callophylloides, Kallymenia, 32 

calodictyon, Polysiphonia, 71 

calodictyon, Tolypiocladia, 71 

Caloglossa, 58 

adnata, 58 

leprieurii, 58 

leprieurii var. hookeri, 58 

ogasawaraensis, 58 

caloglossoides, Gelidium, 27 

caloglossoides, Pterocladia, 27 

Calomena brownii, 94 

Calothrix, 13, 123 

aeruginea, 13 

comoides, 8 

confervicola, 13 

contarenii, 13 

crustacea, 13, 14, 15 

epiphytica, 13 

hydnoides, 13 

luteofusca, 10 

parietina, 13, 14 

pilosa, 14, 13, 15 

robusta, 14 

scopulorum, 14 

semiplena, 10 

sordida, 10 

viguieri, 14 

calyculus, Acetabularia, 121 

camiguinensis, Dictyopteris, 74 

canaliculata, Gracilaria, 41 

canaliculatus, Sphaerococcus, 41 

canariensis, Liagora, 20 

cancellatus, Hydroclathrus, 80 

cantharidosma, Lyngbya, 8 

cantharidosmum, Hydrocoleum, 8 

capense, Gelidium, 26 

capensis, Fucus, 26 

capensis, Turbinari a trialata var., 90 

capillacea, Jania, 35 

capillacea, Leibleinia, 10 

capillacea, Pterocladia, 27 

capillaceus, Fucus, 27 

capillare, Rhizoclonium, 96 

capitellata, Carpopeltis, 29 

capitellata, Cryptonemia, 29 

capituliformis, Avrainvillea, 117 

capituliformis, Laurencia, 65 

caraibica, Laurencia, 65 

carolinensis, Laurencia, 65 

carolyniae, Rhipiliopsis, 118 

Carpacanthus 

cystophyllus, 83 

gaudichaudii, 84 

ilicifolius, 85 

microcystis, 85 

spinulosus, 85 

Carpopeltis, 28, 123 

affinis, 28 

angusta, 28 

articulata, 29 

capitellata, 29 

cornea, 31 

crispata, 29 

divaricata, 29 

fiabellata, 29 

formosana, 29 

maillardii, 29 

prolifera, 29 

rigida, 29 

carpophyllum, Sargassum, 85 

cartilaginea, Laurencia, 65 

cartilagineum, Gelidium, 26 

cartilagineus, Fucus, 26 

catenata, Cladophora, 97 

catenata, Conferva, 97 

Catenella, 48 

caespitosa, 48 

impudica, 48 

nipae, 48 

opuntia, 48 

Caulerpa, 104, 125 

ambigua, 104 

amicorum, 105 

arenicola, 104 

boryana, 109 

brachypus, 104, 125 

brachypus f. parvifolia, 104 

chemnitzia var. occidentalis, 108 

clavifera, 106 

clavifera var. gracilis, 107 

clavifera var. turbinata, 108 

corynephora, 107 

crassifolia, 106 

cupressoides, 104 

cupressoides var. disticha, 105 

cupressoides var. ericifolia, 105 

cupressoides var. lycopodium, 105 

cupressoides var. lycopodium f. amicorum, 105 

cupressoides var. lycopodium f. disticha, 

105 

cupressoides var. lycopodium f. elegans, 

105 

elongata, 105 

fastigiata, 105 

fergusonii, 105 

filicoides, 105 

freycinetii, 109 

freycinetii var. boryana f. occidentalis, 109 

freycinetii var. pectinata, 109 

freycinetii var. typica f. lata, 109 

freycinetii var. typica f. spiralis, 109 
160 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

hummii, 109 

laetevirens, 107 

lentillifera, 105 

lentillifera var. compacta, 106 

lentillifera var. longistipitata, 106 

lessonii, 106 

lycopodium, 105 

macrodisca, 108 

mexicana, 106 

mexicana var. pluriseriata, 106 

microphysa, 106 

nummularia, 108 

parvifolia, 104 

peltata, 108 

peltata var. macrodisca, 108 

peltata var. nummularia, 108 

pickeringii, 111 

plumaris, 110 

plumaris f. farlowii, 110 

plumaris f. flagellata, 110 

plumaris var. brevipes, 110 

plumaris var. elegans, 105 

plumaris var. longipes, 110 

plumaris var. longiseta, 110 

prolifera, 106 

racemosa, 106 

racemosa var. chemnitzia, 108 

racemosa var. clavifera, 107 

racemosa var. clavifera f. microphysa, 106 

racemosa var. corynephora, 107 

racemosa var. gracilis, 107 

racemosa var. laetevirens, 107 

racemosa var. lamourouxii, 107 

racemosa var. macra, 107 

racemosa var. macrophysa, 107 

racemosa var. occidentalis, 108 

racemosa var. peltata, 108 

racemosa var. turbinata, 108 

racemosa var. uvifera, 107 

reyesii, 108 

selago, 108 

serrulata, 108 

serrulata f. lata, 109 

serrulata f. spiralis, 109 

serrulata var. boryana, 109 

serrulata var. boryana f. longifolia, 109 

serrulata var. boryana f. occidentalis, 

109 

serrulata var. pectinata, 109 

sertularioides, 109 

sertularioides f. brevipes, 110 

sertularioides f. farlowii, 110 

sertularioides f. flagellata, 110 

sertularioides f. longipes, 110 

sertularioides f. longiseta, 110 

simpliciuscula var. vesiculifera, 111 

subserrata, 110 

taxifolia, 111 

taxifolia var. crassifolia, 106 

urvilliana, 111 

urvilliana var. vitiensis, 111 

uvifera, 107 

verticillata, 111 

vesiculifera, 111 

webbiana, 111 

webbiana var. pickeringii, 111 

cavernosa, Dictyosphaeria, 101 

cavernosa, Ulva, 101 

cavernosa var. bullata, Dictyosphaeria, 

102 

cenomyce, Hypnea, 48 

cenomyce var. tenuis, Hypnea, 48 

Centroceras, 54, 123 

apiculatum, 54 

clavulatum, 54 

cryptacanthum, 54 

hyalacanthum, 54 

minutum, 54 

Ceramiella, 54 

procumbens, 54 

Ceramium, 54, 123 

affine, 54 

byssoideum, 54, 55 

clavulatum, 54 

confervoides, 44 

cruciatum, 54 

diaphanum, 56 

diaphanum var. tenuissimum, 56 

equisetoides, 54 

fastigiatum, 54 

filamentosum, 49 

fimbriatum, 55 

flaccidum, 54 

gracillimum, 55 

gracillimum var. byssoideum, 54 

loureiri, 55 

luetzelburgii, 55 

marshallense, 55 

maryae, 55 

masonii, 55 

mazatlanense, 55 

multijugum, 55 

nitens, 55 

ocellatum, 59 

personatum, 55 

procumbens, 54 

rubrum var. nitens, 55 

serpens, 55 

sinicola, 55 

taylorii, 56 

tenerrimum, 56 

tenuissimum, 56 

vagabundum, 56 

vagans, 56 

zacae, 56 

ceranoides f. leprosa, Liagora, 20 

ceranoides, Liagora, 20 

Ceratodictyon, 40 

spongiosum, 40 

cervicome, Sargassum, 82 

cervicornis, Desmia, 129 

cervicornis, Dictyota, 75 

cervicornis, Eupogodon, 130 

cervicornis, Hypnea, 49 

ceylanica, Dictyota, 75 

ceylanica, Halymenia, 31 

ceylanica, Halymenia durvillaei var., 31 

ceylanica, Laurencia, 65 

ceylanica, Sarcodia, 45 

Chaetangium, 128 

fastigiatum, 128 

Chaetomorpha , 95, 125 

aerea, 95 

antennina, 95 

brachygona, 95 

clavata, 5 

clavata var. torta, 97 

crassa, 96 

gracilis, 96 

inflata, 96 

kellersii, 96 

ligustica, 96 

linum, 96 

media, 95 

spiralis, 97 

torta, 97 

tortuosa, 96 

chaetomorphoides, Enteromorpha , 91 

Chamaedoris, 100 

orientalis, 100 

Champia, 53, 123 

bifida, 53 

caespitosa, 53 

compressa, 53 

disticha, 53 

japonica, 53 

parvula, 53 

salicomoides, 53 

spathulata, 53 

vieillardii, 53 

Chantransia hallandica, 19 

charoides, Hypnea, 49 

Chauvinia 

clavifera, 107 

macrophysa, 107 

Cheilosporum, 34 

cultratum, 34 

jungermannioides, 34 

sagittatum, 34 

spectabile, 5 

chemnitzia, Caulerpa racemosa var^, 108 

chemnitzia, Fucus, 108 

chemnitzia var. occidentalis, Caulerpa, 108 

cheyneana, Liagora, 21 

cheyneana, Liagora farinosa var., 21 

chilensis, Callophyllis, 32 

Chlorocladus 

australasicus, 120, 126 

philippinensis, 120 

Chlorodesmis, 118 

caespitosa, 118 

comosa, 118 

fastigiata, 118 

formosana, 118 

hildebrandtii, 118 

major, 118 

torresiensis, 118 

Chnoospora, 79 

implexa, 79 

minima, 79 

pannosa, 80 

Chondria, 62, 123 

armata, 62 

crassicaulis, 62 

curvilineata, 62 
NUMBER 27 161 

dasyphylla, 63 

glandulifera, 66 

intricata, 66 

obtusa var. paniculata, 67 

obtusa var. patentiramea, 67 

papulosa, 67 

parvula, 53 

patentiramea, 68 

polyrhiza, 63 

repens, 63 

sedifolia, 63 

seticulosa, 63 

sibogae, 63 

uvaria, 51 

chondrioides, Laurencia, 65 

Chondroclonium cornutum, 49 

Chondrococcus, 129 

hornemannii, 39, 129 

japonicus, 39 

lambertii, 129 

spinulosus, 129 

Chondrus, 123 

edulis, 47 

Chromastrum, 127, 128 

Chroodactylon, 17 

ornatum, 17 

Chrysymenia, 123 

kuckuckii, 51 

pyriformis, 51 

skottsbergii, 51 

uuaria, 51 

Chthonoblastus kurzii, 12 

Chylocladia baileyana, 52 

ciliolata, Dictyota, 75 

cinctum var. gracilentum, Sargassum, 82 

cinctum var. mixtum, Sargassum, 82 

Cladocephalus, 125 

Cladophora, 97, 125 

aegagropila, 5 

albida, 97 

anastomosans, 101 

aokii, 97 

catenata, 97 

coacta, 100 

conferta, 97 

crispula, 97 

crucigera, 97 

crystallina, 97 

cymopoliae, 97 

dalmatica, 97 

densa, 98 

fascicularis, 99 

filipendula, 97 

fuliginosa, 97 

heteronema, 98 

inserta, 98 

japonica, 98 

laetevirens, 98 

liebetruthii, 98 

mauritiana, 9 9 

pellucida, 98 

philippinensis, 98 

prolifera, 98 

quisumbingii, 98 

rudolphiana, 9 9 

rugulosa, 98 

rupestris, 98 

sakaii, 98 

sericea, 99 

sibogae, 99 

trichotoma, 98 

uncinata, 97 

vagabunda, 99 

wrightiana, 99 

zollingeri, 101 

cladophorae, Ptilothamnion, 57 

cladophorae, Spermothamnion, 57 

Cladophoropsis, 100, 125 

dichotoma, 100 

fasciculata, 100 

gracillima, 101 

membranacea, 101 

neocaledonica, 101 

philippinensis, 101 

sundanensis, 101 

vaucheriaeformis, 101 

zollingeri, 101 

Cladosiphon frappieri, 20 

clathrata, Conferva, 91 

clathrata, Enteromorpha , 91 

clathrata var. crinita, Enteromorpha, 93 

clathratum, Encoelium, 80 

clathratum, Microdictyon, 95 

clathratus, Fucus, 80 

clathratus, Hydroclathrus, 80 

Claudea, 58 

batanensis, 5 8 

multifida, 58 

clavata, Acetabularia, 121 

clavata, Chaetomorpha, 5 

clavata, Giffordia, 130 

clavata, Hincksia, 130 

clavata, Laurencia, 65 

clavata var. torta, Chaetomorpha, 97 

clavatum, Gelidium, 25 

clavifer, Fucus, 106 

clavifera, Caulerpa, 106 

clavifera, Caulerpa racemosa var., 107 

clavifera, Chauvinia, 107 

clavifera f. microphysa, Caulerpa racemosa 

var., 106 

clavifera var. gracilis, Caulerpa, 107 

clavifera var. turbinata, Caulerpa, 108 

clavigera, Galaxaura, 23 

clavulatum, Centroceras, 54 

clavulatum, Ceramium, 54 

coacta, Boodlea, 100 

coacta, Cladophora, 100 

coacta, Rhodymenia, 52 

coccinea, Portieria, 129 

Coccochloris, 123 

Codium, 111, 125 

adhaerens, 111, 112 

arabicum, 111 

bartlettii, 112 

contractum, 112 

coronatum, 111 

cylindricum, 112 

decorticatum, 112 

dichotomum, 113 

difforme, 112 

divaricatum, 112 

edule, 112 

effusum, 112 

elongatum, 112 

fragile, 112 

geppii, 112, 113 

intricatum, 113 

muelleri, 113 

ovale, 113 

papillatum, 113 

platyclados, 113 

pugniforme, 113 

repens, 112 

setchellii, 112 

tenue, 113 

tomentosum, 113 

Coelothrix, 52 

irregularis, 52 

Colaconema, 127, 128 

Colpomenia, 80, 125 

sinuosa, 80 

columellaris, Ectocarpus, 73 

columellaris, Feldmannia, 73 

columellaris, Laurencia, 65 

commersonii, Padina, 77 

comoides, Calothrix, 8 

comoides, Hydrocoleum, 8 

comosa, Chlorodesmis, 118 

compacta, Caulerpa lentillifera var., 106 

compactum, Sargassum, 85 

compactum, Sargassum ilicifolium var., 85 

complanata, Endocladia, 27 

complanata, Gloiopeltis, 27 

composita, Boodlea, 100 

composita, Conferva, 100 

composita, Laurencia, 65 

compressa, Champia, 53 

compressa, Enteromorpha , 91 

compressa, Gracilaria, 41 

compressa, Ulva, 91 , 93 

compressus, Sphaerococcus, 41 

conchicola, Peyssonnelia, 27 

concinna, Ahnfeltia, 50 

concinna, Laurencia, 64 

condensata, Roschera, 71 

condensata, Tolypiocladia, 71 

condensata, Turbinaria , 88 

conferta, Cladophora, 97 

conferta, Entophysalis, 7 

conferta, Grateloupia, 30 

conferta, Grateloupia filicina var., 30 

conferta, Palmella, 7 

Conferva 

aerea, 95 

aestuarii, 9 

albida, 97 

antennina, 95 

atropurpurea, 17 

catenata, 97 

clathrata, 91 

composita, 100 

confervicola, 13 

crassa, 96 

crinita, 93 
162 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

crystallina, 97 

daviesii, 128 

fascicularis, 99 

fastigiata, 54 

flexuosa, 92 

fuscopurpurea, 17 

gracilis, 96 

granulosa, 130 

heteronema, 98 

laetevirens, 98 

ligustica, 96 

linum, 96 

majuscula, 8, 9 

media, 95 

membranacea, 101 

ornata, 17 

paradoxa, 92 

pellucida, 98 

prolifera, 98 

riparia, 99 

rudolphiana, 99 

rupestris, 98 

scopulorum, 14 

sericea, 99 

seticulosa, 63 

simplex, 63 

tortuosa, 96 

trichotoma, 98 

utricularis, 103 

vagabunda, 99 

confervicola, Calothrix, 13 

confervicola, Conferva, 13 

confervoides, Ceramium, 44 

confervoides, Fucus, 44 

confervoides, Gracilaria, 44 

confervoides, Lyngbya, 9 

confervoides, Sphaerococcus, 44 

confervoides, Valonia, 102 

confusum, Sargassum, 82 

conoides, Turbinaria , 88 

conoides, Turbinaria vulgaris var., 88 

conoides f. laticuspidata, Turbinaria , 89 

conoides f. retroflexa, Turbinaria , 89 

conoides var. evesiculosa, Turbinaria, 90 

constipata, Galaxaura, 23 

contarenii, Calothrix, 13 

contarenii, Rivularia, 13 

contigua, Galaxaura, 22 

contractum, Codium, 112 

copiosa, Halimeda, 114 

Corallina, 34, 123 

anceps, 32 

cubensis, 34 

cylindrica, 23 

decussato-dichotoma, 35 

ephedraea, 32 

flabellum, 119 

fragilissima, 33 

frondescens, 34 

incrassata, 115 

marginata, 23 

oblongata, 23 

obtusata, 24 

opuntia, 115 

pinnatifolia var. digitata, 34 

rubens, 35 

rugosa, 24 

sagittata, 34 

tenella, 35 

tribulus, 33 

tridens, 115 

iuna, 116 

ungulata, 35 

ungulata f. brevior, 36 

corallinae, Leibleinia, 11 

corallinae, Oscillatoria, 11 

corallopsis, Laurencia, 65 

Corallopsis 

minor, 43 

opuntia, 41 

salicornia, 43 

salicornia var. minor, 43 

corallopsis, Sphaerococcus, 65 

cordata, Halimeda, 116 

cordata, Halimeda opuntia f., 116 

Cordylecladia irregularis, 52 

Coriophyllum setchellii, 5 

cornea, Carpopeltis, 31 

cornea, Grateloupia, 31 

cornea, Prionitis, 31 

corneus var. pulchellus, Fucus, 25 

cornuta, Hypnea, 49 

cornuta var. stellulifera, Hypnea, 49 

cornutum, Chondroclonium, 49 

coronatum, Codium, 111 

coronopifolia, Gracilaria, 41 

coronopifolia, Gracilaria lichenoides f., 41 

corticulans, Bryopsis, 103 

corymbosa, Gardnerula, 14 

corymbosus, Microcoleus, 14 

corynephora, Caulerpa, 107 

corynephora, Caulerpa racemosa var., 107 

costata, Delesseria plocamium var., 44 

costatum, Plocamium, 44 

Cottoniella, 58 

filamentosa, 58 

cottonii, Eucheuma, 46 

cottonii var. erecta, Eucheuma, 46 

coulteri, Gelidium, 25 

crassa, Chaetomorpha , 96 

crassa, Conferva, 96 

crassa, Gracilaria, 41 

crassa, Herposiphonia, 63 

crassa, Padina, 78 

crassicaulis, Chondria, 62 

crassifolia, Caulerpa, 106 

crassifolia, Caulerpa taxifolia var., 106 

crassipellitum var. robustum, Rhizoclonium, 99 

crassum, Eucheuma, 46 

crenulata, Acetabularia, 121 

crenulata, Cryptonemia, 29 

crenulata, Dictyota, 75 

crenulata, Phyllophora, 29 

crinale, Gelidium, 25 

crinale var. perpusillum, Gelidium, 25 

crinalis, Fucus, 25 

crinita, Conferva, 93 

crinita, Enteromorpha, 93 

crinita, Enteromorpha clathrata var., 93 

crispa, Lyngbya, 9 

crispata, Carpopeltis, 29 

crispata, Porphyra, 18 

crispifolium, Sargassum, 82 

crispella, Heterosiphonia, 60 

crispella var. laxa, Heterosiphonia, 60 

crispula, Cladophora, 97 

cristaefolium, Sargassum, 83 

cristata, Lophosiphonia, 69 

cristatum, Sargassum, 82 

crosbyanum, Phormidium, 11 

Crouania, 56 

attenuata, 56 

minutissima, 56 

cruciatum, Ceramium, 54 

crucigera, Cladophora, 97 

Cruora//a 

dura, 28 

foveolata, 28 

indica, 28 

lemoinei, 5 

mariti, 28 

crustacea, Calothrix, 13, 14, 15 

crustiforme, Eucheuma, 46 

cryptacanthum, Centroceras, 54 

Cryptonemia, 29, 123 

capitellata, 29 

crenulata, 29 

luxurians, 29 

rigida, 29 

schmitziana, 29 

crystallina, Cladophora, 97 

crystallina, Conferva, 97 

cubense, Haliptilon, 34 

cubensis, Corallina, 34 

cubensis, Jania, 34 

cuculligera, Galaxaura, 24 

cultrata, Amphiroa, 34 

cultratum, Cheilosporum, 34 

cumingii, Amphiroa, 32 

cuneata, Halimeda, 114 

cuneiformis, Fucus, 81 , 131 

cuneiformis, Hormophysa, 81 , 131 

cupressoides, Caulerpa, 104 

cupressoides, Fucus, 104 

cupressoides var. disticha, Caulerpa, 105 

cupressoides var. ericifolia, Caulerpa, 105 

cupressoides var. lycopodium, Caulerpa, 

105 

cupressoides var. lycopodium f. amicorum, Caulerpa, 105 

cupressoides var. lycopodium f. disticha, 

Caulerpa, 105 

cupressoides var. lycopodium f. elegans, 

Caulerpa, 105 

cupressoideum, Eucheuma, 45 

curtissiae, Microdictyon, 95 

curviceps, Oscillatoria, 11 

curvilineata, Chondria, 62 

Cutleria, 74, 125 

cylindrica, 74 

cyathifera, Amphiroa, 33 

cyathifera, Amphiroa fragilissima f., 33 

cylindracea, Halimeda, 114 

cylindrica, Corallina, 23 
NUMBER 27 163 

cylindrica, Cutleria, 74 

cylindrica, Galaxaura, 23 

cylindrica, Gracilaria, 41 

cylindricum, Codium, 112 

Cymopolia, 120 

vanbosseae, 120 

cymopoliae, Cladophora, 97 

cystocarpum, Sargassum, 83 

Cystodictyon, 94 

leclancheri, 94 

Cystophyllum, 81 

hakodatense, 81 

sisymbrioides, 81 

trinode, 81 

turneri, 81 

cystophyllum, Sargassum, 83 

cystophyllus, Carpacanthus, 83 

Cystoseira, 81 , 125, 131 

articulata, 81 , 131 

hakodatensis, 81 

prolifera, 81 

triquetra, 81 , 131 

dactyloides, Gracilaria, 52 

dactyloides, Hymenocladia, 52 

dalmatica, Cladophora, 97 

damaecomis, Gracilaria, 41 

Dasya, 59 

adhaerens, 59 

baillouviana, 59 

delilei, 21,2 2 

lallemandii, 69 

mollis, 59 

muelleri, 60 

ocellata, 59 

penicillata, 130 

plana, 129 

punicea, 59 

sessilis, 59 

spinella, 129 

wurdemannii, 60 

Dasycladus, 120, 126 

australasicus, 120 

vermicularis, 120 

Dasyopsis, 60, 123, 129 

anastomosans, 129 

antillarum, 60, 129 

aperta, 129 

geppii, 130 

palmatifida, 130 

pilosa, 60, 130 

pulchella, 130 

stanleyi, 130 

tenella, 130 

Dasyphila, 56 

plumarioides, 56 

dasyphylla, Chondria, 63 

dasyphyllus, Fucus, 63 

daviesii, Acrochaetium, 128 

daviesii var. secundatum, Callithamnion, 

128 

debilis, Fucus, 44 

debilis, Gracilaria, 44 

debilis, Polycavernosa, 44 

decaisnei, Mastophora, 37 

Decaisnella, 118 

indica, 119 

decorticatum, Codium, 112 

decumbens, Laurencia, 65 

decumbens, Rhodymenia, 52 

decurrens, Turbinaria , 89 

decussato-dichotoma, Corallina, 35 

decussato-dichotoma, Jania, 35 

De/eiierta 

adnata, 58 

filicina, 30 

leprieurii, 58 

plocamium var. costata, 44 

spathulata, 58 

delicatula, Dictyopteris, 74 

delicatula, Herposiphonia, 63 

delicatula, Polysiphonia pacifica var., 70 

delicatula, Struvea, 101 

delilei, Asparagopsis, 21 

delilei, Dasya, 21 , 22 

dendroidea, Herposiphonia, 64 

dendroidea, Laurencia, 67 

dendroidea, Laurencia obtusa var., 67 

dendroidea var. minor, Herposiphonia, 64 

dendroides, Ochlochaete, 91 

dendroides, Phaeophila, 91 

densa, Cladophora, 98 

densa, Laurencia obtusa var., 67 

densa, Pterocladia, 27 

dentata, Acetabularia, 121 

denticulata, Dictyota bartayresiana var., 

75 

denticulata, Gracilaria, 44 

denticulata, Porphyra, 18 

denticulatum, Eucheuma, 46 

denticulatus, Fucus, 46, 86 

denticulatus, Sphaerococcus, 44 

denudata , Turbinaria , 89 

depauperatum, Eucheuma muricatum f, 

46 

Derbesia, 104 

attenuata, 104 

marina, 104 

ryukyuensis, 104 

tenuissima, 104 

Dermonema , 20 

frappieri, 20 

Desmarestia, 128, 129 

Desmia, 128, 129 

ambigua, 129 

cervicornis, 129 

dichotoma, 129 

harveyi, 129 

hornemannii, 39, 128, 129 

japonica, 39, 129 

kilneri, 129 

tripinnata, 129 

diaphanum, Ceramium, 56 

diaphanum var. tenuissimum, Ceramium, 56 

Dichonema erectum, 117 

Dichothrix, 14 

gypsophila, 14 

dichotoma, Cladophoropsis, 100 

dichotoma, Desmia, 129 

dichotoma, Dictyota, 76 

dichotoma, Grateloupia, 30 

dichotoma, Portieria, 129 

dichotoma, Spongocladia, 100 

dichotoma, Ulva, 76 

Dichotomasiphon pusillus, 117 

dichotomum, Codium, 113 

dichotomum, Eucheuma, 5 

dichotomum, Spongodendron, 100 

dickiei, Lithothamnion, 37 

Dicranema, 123 

Dictyerpa jamaicensis, 78 

Dictyopteris, 74, 125 

camiguinensis, 74 

delicatula, 74 

divaricata, 74 

jamaicensis, 74 

membranacea, 74 

polypodioides, 74 

repens, 75 

undulata, 75 

Dictyosphaeria, 101, 102, 126 

cavernosa, 101 

cavernosa var. bullata, 102 

favulosa, 102 

intermedia, 102 

ocellata, 102 

setchellii, 102 

vanbosseae, 102 

versluysii, 102 

Dictyota, 75, 125 

atomaria, 76 

bartayresiana, 75 

bartayresiana var. denticulata, 75 

bartayresii, 75 

bidentata, 75 

cervicornis, 75 

ceylanica, 75 

ciliolata, 75 

crenulata, 75 

dichotoma, 76 

divaricata, 76 

friabilis, 76 

indica, 76 

lata, 76 

linearis, 76 

major, 76 

marginata, 77 

mertensii, 76 

patens, 77 

variegata, 77 

volubilis, 76 

diesingiana, Zonaria, 79 

difforme, Codium, 112 

difformis, Leathesia, 79 

difformis, Tremella, 79 

Digenea, 63 

simplex, 63 

digitata, Corallina pinnatifolia var., 34 

dilatata, Amphiroa, 32 

dilatata, Halymenia, 30 

dilatatus, Fucus, 51 

dilatatus, Gymnogongrus, 51 

Dilophus, 77 

marginatus, 77 

okamurae , 77 
1 6 4 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

dimorpha, Galaxaura, 23 

Diploderma variegatum, 18 

Diplotrichia polyotis, 15 

discoidea f. intermedia, Halimeda, 114 

discoidea f. subdigitata, Halimeda, 114 

discoidea, Halimeda, 114 

distenta, Galaxaura, 28 

distenta, Peyssonnelia, 28 

disticha, Caulerpa cupressoides var., 105 

disticha, Caulerpa cupressoides var. lycopodium f., 105 

disticha, Champia, 53 

disticha, Gracilaria, 42 

distichophylla, Laurencia, 66 

distichus, Sphaerococcus, 42 

distromatica, Padina, 78 

divaricata, Carpopeltis, 29 

divaricata, Dictyopteris, 74 

divaricata, Dictyota, 76 

divaricata, Grateloupia, 30 

divaricata, Haliseris, 74 

divaricata, Hypnea, 49 

divaricata, Liagora, 20 

divaricatum, Codium, 112 

divaricatum, Gelidium, 25 

divaricatus, Fucus, 49 

divaricatus, Gymnogongrus, 51 

divaricatus, Sphaerococcus, 49 

doryphora , Grateloupia, 30 

doryphora, Halymenia, 30 

droserifolium, Sargassum, 83 

droserifolium var. spathulatum, Sargassum, 83 

duchassaingiana, Giffordia, 73 

duchassaingiana, Hincksia, 73 

duchassaingianus, Ectocarpus, 73 

duperreyi, Haloplegma, 57 

duplicatum, Sargassum, 83 

duplicatum, Sargassum ilicifolium var., 83 

duplicatum var. rotundatum, Sargassum, 

83 

dura, Cruoriella, 28 

dura , Polystrata, 28 

dura, Rhabdonia, 48 

dura, Solieria, 48 

durum, Archaeolithothamnion erythraeum f., 

38 

durum, Sporolithon ptychoides f., 38 

durvillaei, Halymenia, 30 

durvillaei var. ceylanica, Halymenia, 31 

durvillaei var. formosa, Halymenia, 31 

echinocarpum var. vitiense, Sargassum, 86 

Ectocarpus, 125, 130 

breviarticulatus, 73 

columellaris, 73 

duchassaingianus, 73 

fenestratus, 130 

formosanus, 73 

fuscatus, 130 

ghardaqaensis, 130 

hincksiae, 130 

indicus, 73 

irregularis, 73 

mitchelliae, 73, 130 

ovatus, 130 

ovatus var. intermedius, 130 

rallsiae, 73, 130 

sandrianus, 130 

saundersii, 130 

secundus, 130 

sordidus, 130 

thyrsoideus, 130 

edule, Codium, 112 

edule, Eucheuma, 47 

edulis, Chondrus, 47 

edulis, Fucus, 42, 44 

edulis, Gracilaria, 42 

effusum, Codium, 112 

elegans, Bangia, 17 

elegans, Callithamnion, 57 

elegans, Caulerpa cupressoides var. lycopodium f., 105 

elegans, Caulerpa plumaris var., 105 

elegans, Goniotrichum, 17 

elegans, Gymnothamnion, 57 

elegans, Microcladia, 57 

elongata, Caulerpa, 105 

elongata, Galaxaura, 23, 24 

elongatum, Codium, 112 

elongatum, Sargassum, 83 

Enantiocladia, 63 

okamurae , 63 

Encoelium 

clathratum, 80 

orientate, 80 

Endocladia complanata, 27 

Endosiphonia, 63 

spinuligera, 63 

enerve, Sargassum, 84 

Enteromorpha , 91 , 126 

aragoensis, 91 

chaetomorphoides, 91 

clathrata, 91 

clathrata var. crinita, 93 

compressa, 91 

crinita, 93 

erecta, 92 

flexuosa, 92 

flexuosa f. submarina, 92 

flexuosa subsp. paradoxa, 92 

intermedia, 92 

intestinalis, 92 

intestinalis f. tubulosa, 92 

intestinalis var. tubulosa, 92 

kylinii, 92 

lingulata, 93 

plumosa, 92 

prolifera, 93 

ramulosa, 93 

ramulosa var. spinosa, 93 

salina, 93 

spinescens, 93 

tubulosa, 92 

enteromorphoides, Hormothamnium, 8 

Entophysalis, 7, 123 

conferta, 7 

ephedraea, Amphiroa, 32 

ephedraea, Corallina, 32 

epiphytica, Calothrix, 13 

equisetoides, Ceramium, 54 

erecta, Amphiroa foliacea f, 33 

erecta, Avrainvillea, 117 

erecta, Enteromorpha, 92 

erecta, Eucheuma cottonii var., 46 

erectum, Dichonema, 117 

erectus, Scytosiphon, 92 

ericifolia, Caulerpa cupressoides var., 105 

ericifolius, Fucus, 105 

Ernodesmis, 102 

verticillata, 102 

erubescens, Lithothamnion, 37 

erubescens, Mesophyllum, 37 

erythraea, Oscillatoria, 12 

erythraeum, Lithothamnion, 38 

erythraeum, Sporolithon, 38 

erythraeum, Trichodesmium, 12 

erythraeum f. durum, Archaeolithothamnion, 

38 

erythraeum f. molle, Archaeolithothamnion, 38 

Erythrocladia, 17 

irregularis, 17 

pinnata, 17 

subintegra, 17 

Erythrocolon, 52 

podagricum, 52 

Erythrotrichia, 17, 123 

bangioides, 17 

biseriata, 17 

parietalis, 17 

eseptata, Anadyomene , 94 

esperi, Hypnea, 49 

esperi, Hypnea musciformis var., 49 

esperi, Sargassum, 83 

Eucheuma, 45, 123 

alvarezii, 45 

alvarezii var. ajakii-assii, 45 

alvarezii var. tambalangii, 45 

arnoldii, 45 

arnoldii var. alcyonida, 45 

cottonii, 46 

cottonii var. erecta, 46 

crassum, 46 

crustiforme, 46 

cupressoideum, 45 

denticulatum, 46 

dichotomum, 5 

edule, 47 

gelatinum, 47 

horridum, 47 

isiforme, 47 

leeuwenii, 47 

muricatum, 46 

muricatum f. depauperatum, 46 

muricatum f. incrassatum, 47 

okamurae , 47 

procrusteanum, 47 

serra, 47 

spinosum, 46 

striatum, 47 

eucheumoides, Gracilaria, 42 

Euhymenia limensis, 40 

Eupogodon, 60, 123, 129 

anastomosans, 129 
NUMBER 27 165 

antillarum, 60, 129 

apertus, 129 

apiculatus, 129 

cervicornis, 130 

geppii, 130 

palmatifidus, 130 

penicillatus, 130 

pilosus, 60, 130 

pinnatifolius, 130 

planus, 130 

pulchellus, 130 

spinellus, 130 

stanleyi, 130 

tenellus, 130 

euryphyllum, Sargassum polycystum var., 86 

euryphyllum, Sargassum myriocystum 

var., 86 

evae, Peyssonnelia, 28 

evesiculosa, Turbinaria conoides var., 90 

evesiculosa, Turbinari a ornata f., 90 

exigua, Acetabularia, 121 

Exophyllum, 63 

wentii, 63 

expeditionis, Tydemania , 118 

falcata, Galaxaura, 22 

farinosa, Fosliella, 34 

farinosa, Liagora, 20 

farinosa, Melobesia, 34 

farinosa var. cheyneana, Liagora, 21 

farinosum, Ganonema, 21 

farlowii, Caulerpa sertularioides f., 110 

farlowii, Caulerpa plumaris f, 110 

fasciata, Ulva, 93 

fascicularis, Cladophora, 99 

fascicularis, Conferva, 99 

fasciculata, Cladophoropsis, 100 

fasciculata, Galaxaura, 23 

fasciculatus, Siphonocladus, 100 

fastigiata, Caulerpa, 105 

fastigiata, Chlorodesmis, 118 

fastigiata, Conferva, 54 

fastigiata, Valonia, 102 

fastigiata, Vaucheria, 118 

fastigiatum, Ceramium, 54 

Fauchea, 52, 123 

leptophylla, 52 

favulosa, Dictyosphaeria, 102 

favulosa, Valonia, 102 

Feldmannia, 73, 125 

columellaris, 73 

formosana, 73 

indica, 73 

irregularis, 73 

fenestrata, Hincksia, 130 

fenestratus, Ectocarpus, 130 

fergusonii, Caulerpa, 105 

ferruginea, Lyngbya, 9 

ferulacea, Polysiphonia, 69 

filamentosa, Cottoniella, 58 

filamentosa, Galaxaura, 23 

filamentosa, Sarcomenia, 58 

filamentosa, Spyridia, 49, 57 

filamentosa, Turbinaria , 89 

filamentosum, Ceramium, 49 

filamentosus, Fucus, bl 

filicina, Delesseria, 30 

filicina, Grateloupia, 30 

filicina var. conferta, Grateloupia, 30 

filicinum, Sargassum, 83 

filicinus, Fucus, 30 

filicoides, Caulerpa, 105 

filifolium, Sargassum, 83 

filifolium var. aciculare, Sargassum, 84 

filiforme, Sargassum, 84 

filipendula, Cladophora, 97 

fimbriatum, Ceramium, 55 

fiabellata, Anadyomene, 95 

fiabellata, Carpopeltis, 29 

fiabellata, Grateloupia, 29 

fiabellata, Zonaria, 79 

flabellatus, Homoeostrichus, 79 

flabelliforme, Stypopodium, 79 

flabelliformis, Gymnogongrus, 51 

flabelliformis, Martensia, 59 

flabellulata, Polysiphonia, 69 

flabellum, Corallina, 119 

flabellum, Udotea, 119 

flaccidum, Ceramium, 54, 55 

flaccidum, Hormoceras, 54 

flagellata, Caulerpa plumaris f, 110 

flagellata, Caulerpa sertularioides f, 110 

flexuosa, Conferva, 92 

flexuosa, Enteromorpha , 92 

flexuosa, Ulva, 92 

flexuosa f. submarina, Enteromorpha , 92 

flexuosa subsp. paradoxa, Enteromorpha , 

92 

floresia, Halymenia, 31 

floresius, Fucus, 31 

fluitans, Sargassum, 84 

fluitans, Sargassum hystrix var., 84 

foliacea, Amphiroa, 33 

foliacea, Melobesia, 37 

foliacea f. erecta, Amphiroa, 33 

foliifer, Fucus, 42 

foliifera, Gracilaria, 42 

foliifera f. aeruginosa, Gracilaria, 42 

forbesii, Boergesenia, 100 

forbesii, Valonia, 100 

forcipata, Polysiphonia, 69 

forfex, Polysiphonia, 69 

formosa, Halymenia, 31 

formosa, Halymenia durvillaei var., 31 

formosana, Carpopeltis, 29 

formosana, Chlorodesmis, 118 

formosana, Feldmannia, 73 

formosanus, Ectocarpus, 73 

forsteri, Fucus, 66 

forsteri, Laurencia, 66 

Fosliella, 34 

farinosa, 34 

foveolata, Cruoriella, 28 

foveolata, Peyssonnelia, 28 

fragile, Acanthocodium, 112 

fragile, Codium, 112 

fragilis, Actinotrichia, 22 

fragilis, Fucus, 22 

fragilis, Halimeda, 114 

fragilis, Polysiphonia, 69 

fragilissima, Amphiroa , 33 

fragilissima, Corallina, 33 

fragilissima f. cyathifera, Amphiroa, 33 

frappieri, Cladosiphon, 20 

frappieri, Dermonema , 20 

fraseri, Padina, 78 

fraseri, Zonaria, 78 

fraxinifolia, Neurymenia, 69 

fraxinifolius, Fucus, 69 

freycinetii, Caulerpa, 109 

freycinetii var. boryana f. occidentalis, Caulerpa, 109 

freycinetii var. pectinata, Caulerpa, 109 

freycinetii var. typica f. lata, Caulerpa, 109 

freycinetii var. typica f. spiralis, Caulerpa, 

109 

friabilis, Dictyota, 76 

friesii, Schizothrix, 12 

frondescens, Corallina, 34 

frutescens, Goniolithon, 38 

frutescens, Neogoniolithon, 38 

fruticulosa, Galaxaura, 24 

fruticulosum, Lithothamnion, 37 

Fucus 

abrotanifolius, 26 

abscissus, 129 

acanthophorus, 61 

acerosus, 25 

aeruginosus, 42 

amansii, 25 

articulatus, 81 , 131 

atomarius, 76 

bacciferus, 86 

baccularia, 82 

baillouviana, 59 

botryocarpus, 58 

botryoides, 51 

bursa-pastoris, 41 

capensis, 26 

capillaceus, 27 

cartilagineus, 26 

chemnitzia, 108 

clathratus, 80 

clavifer, 106 

confervoides, 44 

corneus var. pulchellus, 25 

crinalis, 25 

cuneiformis, 81 , 131 

cupressoides, 104 

dasyphyllus, 63 

debilis, 44 

denticulatus, 46, 86 

dilatatus, 51 

divaricatus, 49 

edulis, 42, 44 

ericifolius, 105 

filamentosus, 57 

filicinus, 30 

floresius, 31 

foliifer, 42 

forsteri, 66 

/ragi/is, 22 

fraxinifolius, 6 9 

fulvellus, 84 

fungiformis, 73 
166 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

gelatinus, 47 

glandulosus, 57 

gulaman, 44 

hamulosus, 50 

hemiphyllus, 84 

hornemanni, 128 

ilicifolius, 85 

lacinulatus, 42 

lambertii, 129 

lamourouxii, 107 

latifolius, 85 

lichenoides, 42 

membranaceus, 74 

miniatus, 72 

minimus, 79 

muricatus, 46 

musciformis, 49 

muscoides, 60 

myagroides, 81 

natans, 86 

nootkanus, 50 

obtusus, 66 

opuntia, 48 

ornatus, 128 

palmatus, 19 

papillosus, 67 

parvifolius, 87 

pavonicus, 78 

pavonius, 78 

pilulifer, 87 

plumaris, 110 

poitei, 68 

polypodioides, 74, 75 

/>ro/i/<?r, 106, 115, 116 

pusillus, 25 

racemosus, 106 

rigidus, 25 

salicifolius, 88 

selago, 108 

serratifolius, 87 

serrulatus, 108 

sertularioides, 109, 110 

sisymbrioides, 81 

spiciferus, 60 

spiniformis, 25 

spinosus, 46 

squamarius, 28 

taxifolius, 111 

taxiformis, 21, 22 

tenax, 27 

tenellus, 62 

triangularis, 131 

trifarius, 130 

triqueter, 81, 131 

turbinatus, 90 

turbinatus var. ornatus, 89 

uvifer, 107 

valentiae, 50 

verrucosus, 44 

versicolor, 26 

fuliginosa, Cladophora, 97 

fulvellum, Sargassum, 84 

fulvellus, Fucus, 84 

fungiformis, Fucus, 73 

fungiformis, Ralfsia, 73 

furcatum, Sargassum, 84 

furcellata, Ahnfeltia, 51 

furcigera, Sphacelaria, 74 

fuscata, Hincksia, 130 

fuscatus, Ectocarpus, 130 

fuscopurpurea, Bangia, 18 

fuscopurpurea, Conferva, 17 

Galaxaura, 22, 123 

acuminata, 22 

apiculata, 22 

arborea, 22 

clavigera, 23 

constipata, 23 

contigua, 22 

cuculligera, 24 

cylindrica, 23 

dimorpha, 23 

distenta, 28 

elongata, 23, 24 

falcata, 22 

fasciculata, 23 

filamentosa, 23 

fruticulosa, 24 

glabriuscula, 24 

kjellmanii, 23 

lapidescens, 23 

marginata, 23 

oblongata, 23 

obtusata, 24 

pacifica, 24 

rigida, 22 

robusta, 24 

rudis, 23 

rugosa, 24 

sibogae, 5 

squalida, 24 

striata, 24 

subfruticulosa, 24 

subverticillata, 24 

tenera, 23 

umbellata, 24 

veprecula, 23 

Ganonema, 21 

farinosum, 21 

Gardnerula, 14 

corymbosa, 14 

Gastridium ovale, 104 

gaudichaudii, Carpacanthus, 84 

gaudichaudii, Sargassum, 84 

gelatinae, Eucheuma, 46 

gelatinosa, Gigartina, 47 

gelatinum, Eucheuma, 47 

gelatinus, Fucus, 47 

gelatinus, Sphaerococcus, 44, 47 

Gelidiella, 25, 124 

acerosa, 25 

adnata, 25 

taylorii, 25 

Gelidiopsis, 40, 124 

intricata, 40 

repens, 40 

rigida, 25 

variabilis, 40 

Gelidium, 25, 124 

amansii, 25 

anthoninii, 5 

caloglossoides, 27 

capense, 26 

cartilagineum, 26 

clavatum, 25 

coulteri, 25 

crinale, 25 

crinale var. perpusillum, 25 

divaricatum, 25 

isabelae, 25 

kintaroi, 25 

pulchellum, 25 

pusillum, 25 

pusillum var. pacificum, 27 

repens, 40 

rigens, 27 

rigidum, 25 

spiniforme, 25 

variabile, 40 

geppii, Codium, 112, 113 

geppii, Dasyopsis, 130 

geppii, Eupogodon, 130 

geppii, Udotea, 119 

Geppina, 118 

ghardaqaensis, Ectocarpus, 130 

ghardaqaensis, Hincksia, 130 

Giffordia, 73 

andamanensis, 130 

bhimlipatnamensis, 130 

duchassaingiana, 73 

clavata, 130 

hincksiae var. californica, 130 

mitchelliae var. nef/ii, 130 

onslowensis, 130 

prolifera, 130 

rallsiae, 73 

terminalis, ,130 

gigantea, Ulva, 94 

giganteifolium, Sargassum, 84 

Gigartina, 51 

affinis, 28 

gelatinosa, 47 

lichenoides, 42 

prolifera, 29 

tenella, 51 

gigas, Gracilaria, 42 

gigas, Halimeda, 114 

glabriuscula, Galaxaura, 24 

glandulifera, Chondria, 66 

glandulifera, Laurencia, 66 

glandulosa, Microcladia, 57 

glandulosus, Fucus, 57 

glaucescens, Udotea, 119 

globuliferum, Pleonosporium, 57 

Gloeotrichia, 123 

Gloiocladia, 52 

ramellifera, 52 

Gloiopeltis, 27 

complanata, 27 

tenax, 27 

glomerata, Amansia, 61 

glomerulata, Hutchinsia, 71 

glomerulata, Tolypiocladia, 71 

glutinosa, Lyngbya, 8 
NUMBER 27 167 

glutinosum, Hydrocoleum, 8 

Goniolithon 

frutescens, 38 

megalocystum, 38 

reinboldii, 34 

Goniotrichum, 17 

alsidii, 17 

elegans, 17 

Gordoniella, 56 

yonakuniensis, 56 

gorgoniae, Polysiphonia, 69 

Gracilaria, 40, 124 

andersonii, 43 

arcuata, 40 

arcuata var. snackeyi, 41 

blodgettii, 41 

bursa-pastoris, 41 

canaliculata, 41 

compressa, 41 

confervoides, 44 

coronopifolia, 41 

crassa, 41 

cylindrica, 41 

dactyloides, 52 

damaecomis, 41 

debilis, 44 

denticulata, 44 

disticha, 42 

edulis, 42 

eucheumoides, 42 

foliifera, 42 

foliifera f. aeruginosa, 42 

gigas, 42 

incurvata, 43 

lacinulata, 42 

lichenoides, 42 

lichenoides f. coronopifolia, 41 

minor, 43 

multipartita var. aeruginosa, 42 

papenfussii, 43 

purpurascens, 43 

salicornia, 43 

spinigera, 43 

spinulosa, 43 

textorii, 43 

turgida, 43 

venezuelensis, 44 

verrucosa, 44, 123 

vieillardii, 44 

gracile, Acrochaetium, 18 

gracile, Sargassum, 84 

gracilentum, Sargassum cinctum var., 82 

gracilis, Caulerpa clavifera var., 107 

gracilis, Caulerpa racemosa var., 107 

gracilis, Chaetomorpha , 96 

gracilis, Conferva, 96 

gracilis, Halimeda, 114 

gracilis, Leveillea, 68 

gracilis, Rhodopeltis, 39 

gracillima, Cladophoropsis, 101 

gracillimum, Ceramium, 55 

gracillimum, Hormoceras, 55 

gracillimum var. byssoideum, Ceramium, 54 

grande, Rhizoclonium, 99 

granuliferum, Sargassum, 84 

granulosa, Conferva, 130 

granulosa, Hincksia, 130 

Grateloupia, 30, 124 

acuminata, 30 

californica, 30 

conferta, 30 

cornea, 31 

dichotoma, 30 

divaricata, 30 

doryphora, 30 

filicina, 30 

filicina var. conferta, 30 

fiabellata, 29 

ramosissima, 30 

grevilleana, Laurencia, 65 

Griffithsia, 56, 124 

argus, 57 

ovalis, 56 

penicillata, 57 

rhizophora, 56 

tenuis, 53 

gulaman, Fucus, 44 

Gymnogongrus, 51 , 124 

dilatatus, 51 

divaricatus, 51 

flabelliformis, 51 

ligulatus var. angustus, 28 

pygmaeus, 51 

Gymnosorus variegatus, 77 

gymnospora, Padina, 77, 78 

gymnospora, Zonaria, 77, 78 

Gymnothamnion, 57 

elegans, 57 

gypsophila, Dichothrix, 14 

gypsophilus, Schizosiphon, 14 

hakodatense, Cystophyllum, 81 

hakodatensis, Cystoseira, 81 

hakodatensis, Lomentaria, 52 

Halicoryne, 122 

wrightii, 122 

Halicystis 

ovalis, 104 

parvula, 104 

Halimeda, 114, 126 

batanensis, 116 

bikinensis, 114 

copiosa, 114 

cordata, 116 

cuneata, 114 

cylindracea, 114 

discoidea, 114 

discoidea f. intermedia, 114 

discoidea f. subdigitata, 114 

fragilis, 114 

gigas, 114 

gracilis, 114 

hederacea, 114 

incrassata, 115 

incrassata f. lamourouxii, 115 

lacunalis, 115 

macroloba, 115 

macrophysa, 115 

micronesica, 115 

monile, 114 

opuntia, 115 

opuntia f. cordata, 116 

opuntia f. hederacea, 114 

opuntia f. intermedia, 116 

opuntia f. renschii, 116 

opuntia f. triloba, 116 

opuntia var. hederacea, 114 

orientalis, 115 

platydisca, 116 

renschii, 116 

simulans, 116 

stuposa, 116 

taenicola, 116 

tridens, 115 

tridens f. lamourouxii, 115 

triloba, 115 

tuna, 116 

tuna f. platydisca, 116 

velasquezii, 116 

velasquezii var. robusta, 116 

Haliptilon, 34 

cubense, 34 

Haliseris 

divaricata, 74 

repens, 75 

hallandica, Chantransia, 19 

hallandicum, Acrochaetium, 19 

Halochloa schizophylla, 87 

Haloplegma, 57 

duperreyi, 57 

Halymenia, 30, 124 

acuminata, 30 

ceylanica, 31 

dilatata, 30 

doryphora, 30 

durvillaei, 30 

durvillaei var. ceylanica, 31 

durvillaei var. formosa, 31 

floresia, 31 

formosa, 31 

harveyana, 31 

incrustans, 40 

japonica, 31 

maculata, 31 

microcarpa, 31 

hamulosa, Hypnea, 50 

hamulosus, Fucus, 50 

hancockii, Acrochaetium, 19 

hancockii, Amphiroa, 33 

hancockii, Rhodochorton, 19 

harveyana, Halymenia, 31 

harveyi, Desmia, 129 

harveyi, Portieria, 129 

hawaiiana, Liagora, 21 

hawaiiensis, Polysiphonia, 70 

hederacea, Halimeda, 114 

hederacea, Halimeda opuntia f., 114 

hederacea, Halimeda opuntia var., 114 

helminthochortos, Alsidium, 95 

Helminthocladia, 20 

australis, 20 

schrammi, 20 

hemiphyllum, Sargassum, 84 

hemiphyllus, Fucus, 84 

hemiphyllus, Spongocarpus, 85 
168 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Herbacea, 128 

Herposiphonia, 63 , 124 

crassa, 63 

delicatula, 63 

dendroidea, 64 

dendroide a var. minor, 64 

nuda , 64 

obscura, 64 

pacifica, 64 

parca, 64 

plumula, 64 

prorepens, 5 

secunda, 64 

secunda f. tenella, 64 

subdisticha, 64 

tenella, 64 

tenella f. secunda, 64 

trichia, 64 

Heteractis mesenterica, 14 

heterocystum, Sargassum, 85 

Heteroderma, 124 

heteronema, Cladophora, 98 

heteronema, Conferva, 98 

Heterosiphonia, 60 

crispella, 60 

crispella var. laxa, 60 

muelleri, 60 

wurdemannii, 60 

wurdemannii var. laxa, 60 

hildebrandtii, Chlorodesmis, 118 

Hincksia, 73 

andamanensis, 130 

bhimlipatnamensis, 130 

breviarticulata, 73 

clavata, 130 

fenestrata, 130 

fuscata, 130 

ghardaqaensis, 130 

granulosa, 130 

hincksiae, 130 

hincksiae var. californica, 130 

intermedia, 130 

mitchelliae, 73 , 130 

mitchelliae var. neilii, 130 

onslowensis, 130 

ovata, 130 

prolifera, 130 

rallsiae, 73 , 130 

ramulosa, 130 

sandriana, 130 

saundersii, 130 

secunda, 130 

sordida, 130 

terminalis, 130 

tkyrsoidea, 130 

hincksiae, Ectocarpus, 130 

hincksiae, Hincksia, 130 

hincksiae var. californica, Giffordia, 130 

hincksiae var. californica, Hincksia, 130 

Hippurina, 128 

hippuroides, Hypnea, 50 

hippuroides, Hypnea musciformis var., 50 

hoffman-bangii, Scytonema, 15 

hofman-bangii, Scytonema, 15 

hofmanii, Scytonema, 15 

hofmannii, Scytonema, 14 

hombronianum var. manilense, Sargassum, 85 

Homoeostrichus flabellatus, 79 

hookeri, Caloglossa leprieurii var., 58 

hookeri, Rhizoclonium, 99 

//ormoceras 

flaccidum, 54 

gracillimum, 55 

tenerrimum, 56 

hormoides, Scinaia, 25 

Hormophysa, 81 , 125 

cuneiformis, 81 , 131 

triquetra, 81 , 130 

Hormothamnium, 8, 123 

enteromorphoides, 8 

solutum, 8 

hornemannii, Chondrococcus, 39, 129 

hornemannii, Desmia, 39, 128, 129 

hornemannii, Fucus, 128 

hornemannii, Portieria, 39, 129 

horridum, Eucheuma, 47 

howei, Polysiphonia, 70 

howei, Symploca, 13 

Howella, 118 

hummii, Caulerpa, 109 

Hutchinsia 

glomerulata, 71 

periclados, 69 

secunda, 64 

tenella, 64 

hyalacanthum, Centroceras, 54 

hydnoides, Calothrix, 13 

hydnoides, Symploca, 13 

Hydroclathrus, 80, 125 

cancellatus, 80 

clathratus, 80 

orientalis, 80 

Hydrocoleum, 8 

cantharidosmum, 8 

comoides, 8 

glutinosum, 8 

lyngbyaceum, 9 

Hydrolithon, 34 

reinboldii, 34 

Hymenocladia, 52 

dactyloides, 52 

Hypnea, 48, 124 

boergesenii, 48 

cenomyce, 48 

cenomyce var. tenuis, 48 

cervicornis, 49 

charoides, 49 

cornuta, 49 

cornuta var. stellulifera, 49 

divaricata, 49 

esperi, 49 

hamulosa, 50 

hippuroides, 50 

musciformis, 49 

musciformis var. esperi, 49 

musciformis var. hippuroides, 50 

nidulans, 50 

nigrescens, 50 

pannosa, 50 

saidana, 50 

spinella, 50 

valentiae, 50 

Hypoglossum, 58 

attenuatum, 58 

serrulatum, 58 

spathulatum, 58 

hystrix, Sargassum, 85 

hystrix var. fluitans, Sargassum, 84 

hystrix var. spinulosus, Sargassum, 85 

ilicifolium, Sargassum, 85 

ilicifolium f. benkulense, Sargassum, 85 

ilicifolium var. compactum, Sargassum, 85 

ilicifolium var. duplicatum, Sargassum, 83 

ilicifolium var. pseudospinulosum, Sargassum, 85 

ilicifolius, Carpacanthus, 85 

ilicifolius, Fucus, 85 

imbricatum, Lithothamnion, 37 

imbricatum, Mesophyllum, 37 

implexa, Chnoospora, 79 

implicata, Laurencia, 66 

impudica, Catenella, 48 

impudica, Lomentaria, 48 

incrassata, Corallina, 115 

incrassata, Halimeda, 115 

incrassata f. lamourouxii, Halimeda, 115 

incrassatum, Eucheuma muricatum f., 47 

incrustans, Halymenia, 40 

incrustans, Titanophora , 40 

incurvata, Gracilaria, 43 

indica, Bryopsis, 103 

indica, Cruoriella, 28 

indica, Decaisnella, 119 

indica, Dictyota, 76 

indica, Feldmannia, 73 

indica, Litholepis, 36 

indica, Lithoporella, 36 

indica, Peyssonnelia, 28 

indica, Udotea, 119 

indica f. philippinensis, Litholepis, 36 

indicum, Sargassum vulgare var., 88 

indicum f. subtile, Lithothamnion, 37 

indicus, Ectocarpus, 73 

inermis, Bostrychia mixta f, 62 

infixa, Lyngbya, 9 

inflata, Chaetomorpha , 96 

inserta, Cladophora, 98 

intermedia, Dictyosphaeria, 102 

intermedia, Enteromorpha, 92 

intermedia, Halimeda discoidea f., 114 

intermedia, Halimeda opuntia f, 116 

intermedia, Hincksia, 130 

intermedia, Laurencia, 66 

intermedius, Ectocarpus ovatus var., 130 

intestinalis, Enteromorpha , 92 

intestinalis, Ulva, 92 

intestinalis f. tubulosa, Enteromorpha, 92 

intestinalis var. tubulosa, Enteromorpha, 92 

intricata, Bostrychia, 61 

intricata,. Chondria, 66 

intricata, Gelidiopsis, 40 

intricata, Laurencia, 66 

intricata, Phyllophora, 52 
NUMBER 27 169 

intricata, Rhodymenia, 52 

intricata, Rosenvingea, 80 

intricatum, Codium, 113 

intricatum, Scytonema, 61 , 62 

intricatus, Asperococcus, 80 

intricatus, Sphaerococcus, 40 

irregularis, Coelothrix, 52 

irregularis, Cordylecladia, 52 

irregularis, Ectocarpus, 73 

irregularis, Erythrocladia, 17 

irregularis, Feldmannia, 73 

isabelae, Gelidium, 25 

isiforme, Eucheuma, 47 

isiformis, Sphaerococcus, 47 

jamaicensis, Dictyerpa, 78 

jamaicensis, Dictyopteris, 74 

jamaicensis, Padina, 78 

Jania, 34, 124 

adhaerens, 34 

capillacea, 35 

cubensis, 34 

decussato-dichotoma, 35 

longiarthra, 35 

mexicana, 35 

micrarthodia, 35 

pacifica, 35 

pumila, 35 

rubens, 35 

tenella, 35 

tenella var. zacae, 35 

tenuissima, 35 

ungulata, 35 

ungulata f. brevior, 36 

japonica, Callophyllis, 32 

japonica, Champia, 53 

japonica, Cladophora, 98 

japonica, Desmia, 39, 129 

japonica, Halymenia, 31 

japonica, Laurencia, 66 

japonica, Liagora, 21 

japonica, Padina, 78 

japonica, Portieria, 39, 129 

japonica, Pugetia, 32 

japonicum, Microdictyon, 95 

japonicus, Chondrococcus, 39 

javensis, Rhipidosiphon, 119 

javensis, Udotea, 119 

jungermannioides, Amansia, 68 

jungermannioides, Cheilosporum, 34 

jungermannioides, Leveillea, 68 

jungermannioides, Polyzonia, 68 

Kallymenia, 32, 124 

californica, 32 

callophylloides, 32 

pacifica, 32 

papulosa, 48 

sessilis, 32 

kelanensis, Bostrychia, 62 

kellersii, Chaetomorpha , 96 

kerneri, Rhizoclonium, 99 

kilneri, Desmia, 129 

kilneri, Portieria, 129 

kintaroi, Gelidium, 25 

hjellmanianum, Sargassum, 86 

kjellmanii, Galaxaura, 23 

kochianum, Rhizoclonium, 99 

kuckuckii, Botryocladia, 51 

kuckuckii, Chrysymenia, 51 

kurzii, Chthonoblastus, 12 

kurzii, Porphyrosiphon, 12 

kurzii, Sirocoleum, 12 

Kylinia rosulata, 19 

kylinii, Enteromorpha , 92 

lacerata, Avrainvillea, 117 

lacerata var. robustior, Avrainvillea, 117 

lacinulata, Gracilaria, 42 

lacinulatus, Fucus, 42 

lactuca, Ulva, 93 

lactuca var. latissima, Ulva, 93 

lactuca var. luxurians, Sphaerococcus, 29 

lactuca var. rigida, Ulva, 94 

lacunalis, Halimeda, 115 

lacunosa, Rhodophyllis peltata var., 48 

laetevirens, Caulerpa, 107 

laetevirens, Caulerpa racemosa var., 107 

laetevirens, Cladophora, 98 

laetevirens, Conferva, 98 

laeteviridis, Symploca, 13 

lallemandii, Dasya, 69 

lallemandii, Lophocladia, 69 

lambertii, Chondrococcus, 129 

lambertii, Fucus, 129 

Laminaria saccharina, 94 

lamourouxii, Caulerpa racemosa var., 107 

lamourouxii, Fucus, 107 

lamourouxii, Halimeda incrassata f., 115 

lamourouxii, Halimeda tridens f, 115 

lapidescens, Galaxaura, 23 

lata, Caulerpa freycinetii var. typica f, 109 

lata, Caulerpa serrulata f, 109 

lata, Dictyota, 76 

laticuspidata, Turbinari a conoides f, 89 

latifolium, Sargassum, 85 

latifolius, Fucus, 85 

latifrons, Scinaia, 25 

latissima, Ulva, 93 

latissima, Ulva lactuca var., 93 

latissimum, Monostroma, 91 

Laurencia, 64, 124 

brongniartii, 64 

capituliformis, 65 

caraibica, 65 

carolinensis, 65 

cartilaginea, 65 

ceylanica, 65 

chondrioides, 65 

clavata, 65 

columellaris, 65 

composita, 65 

concinna, 64 

corallopsis, 65 

decumbens, 65 

dendroidea, 67 

distichophylla, 66 

forsteri, 66 

glandulifera, 66 

grevilleana, 65 

implicata, 66 

intermedia, 66 

intricata, 66 

japonica, 66 

majuscula, 66 

mariannensis, 66 

nana, 65 

nidifica, 66 

obtusa, 66 

obtusa var. dendroidea, 67 

obtusa var. densa, 67 

obtusa var. majuscula, 66 

obtusa var. snackeyi, 67 

okamurae , 67 

palisada, 67 

paniculata, 67 

paniculata var. snackeyi, 67 

papillosa, 67 

parvipapillata, 67 

patentiramea, 67 

pinnata, 68 

pinnatifida, 5 

poiteaui, 68 

seticulosa, 63 

subsimplex, 68 

surculigera, 68 

tronoi, 68 

tropica, 68 

undulata, 68 

venusta, 68 

yamadana, 68 

laxa, Heterosiphonia crispella var., 60 

laxa, Heterosiphonia wurdemannii var., 60 

laysanense, Phormidium, 12 

Leathesia, 79 

difformis, 79 

leclancheri, Anadyomene , 94 

leclancheri, Cystodictyon, 94 

leeuwenii, Eucheuma, 47 

Leibleinia 

aeruginea, 13 

capillacea, 10 

corallinae, 11 

polychroa, 10 

sordida, 10 

violacea, 10 

lemoinei, Cruoriella, 5 

lentillifera, Caulerpa, 105 

lentillifera var. compacta, Caulerpa, 106 

lentillifera var. longistipitata, Caulerpa, 106 

leprieurii, Caloglossa, 58 

leprieurii, Delesseria, 58 

leprieurii var. hookeri, Caloglossa, 58 

leprosa, Liagora, 20 

leprosa, Liagora ceranoides f., 20 

Leptofauchea, 124 

leptophylla, Fauchea, 52 

Leptothrix valderiae, 12 

lessonii, Caulerpa, 106 

Leveillea, 68 

gracilis, 68 

jungermannioides, 68 

levis, Avrainvillea, 117 

Iherminieri, Antithamnion, 53 

Liagora, 20, 124 
170 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

boergesenii, 20 

caenomyce, 20 

canariensis, 20 

ceranoides, 20 

ceranoides f. leprosa, 20 

cheyneana, 21 

divaricata, 20 

farinosa, 20 

farinosa var. cheyneana, 21 

hawaiiana, 21 

japonica, 21 

leprosa, 20 

orientalis, 21 

pulverentula, 5 

robusta, 21 

segawae, 21 

setchellii, 21 

tenuis, 21 

valida, 21 

liagorae, Acrochaetium, 19 

Liagoropsis, 20 

schrammii, 20 

licheniformis, Mastophora, 37 

lichenoides, Fucus, 42 

lichenoides, Gigartina, 42 

lichenoides, Gracilaria, 42 

lichenoides, Sphaerococcus, 42, 44 

lichenoides f. coronopifolia, Gracilaria, 41 

liebetruthii, Cladophora, 98 

ligulatus var. angustus, Gymnogongrus, 28 

ligustica, Chaetomorpha , 96 

ligustica, Conferva, 96 

limensis, Euhymenia, 40 

limensis, Sebdenia, 40 

linearis, Dictyota, 76 

linearis, Zonaria, 76 

lingulata, Enteromorpha , 93 

linum, Chaetomorpha , 96 

linum, Conferva, 96 

Litholepis 

indica, 36 

indica f. philippinensis, 36 

Lithophyllum, 36, 124 

byssoides, 36 

moluccense, 36 

okamurae, 36 

onkodes, 38 

pallescens, 36 

reinboldii, 34 

Lithoporella, 36 

indica, 36 

melobesioides, 36 

Lithothamnion, 36 

australe f. brachiatum, 36 

australe f. minutulum, 37 

australe f. ubianum, 37 

byssoides, 36 

calcareum, 38 

dickiei, 37 

erubescens, 37 

erythraeum, 38 

fruticulosum, 37 

imbricatum, 37 

indicum f. subtile, 37 

moluccense, 36 

muelleri, 36 

onkodes, 38 

pallescens, 36 

polymorphum, 37, 38 

pulchrum, 37 

purpureum, 38 

siamense, 37 

siamense f. simulans, 38 

simulans, 38 

Lithotkamnium, 36 

Lobophora, 77 

variegata, 77 

Lola, 96 

Lomentaria, 124, 52 

articulata, 52 

baileyana, 52 

hakodatensis, 52 

impudica, 48 

pinnata, 52 

longiarthra, Jania, 35 

longicaulis, Avrainvillea, 117 

longicaulis, RhipUia, 117 

longifolia, Caulerpa serrulata var. boryana 

f., 109 

longipes, Caulerpa plumaris var. ,11 0 

longipes, Caulerpa sertularioides [., 110 

longiseta, Caulerpa plumaris var., 110 

longiseta, Caulerpa sertularioides f, 110 

longistipitata, Caulerpa lentillifera var., 106 

Lophocladia, 69 

lallemandii, 69 

Lophosiphonia, 69, 124 

cristata, 69 

sparsa, 70 

Lophura armata, 62 

loureiri, Ceramium, 55 

luetzelburgii, Ceramium, 55 

lutea, Lyngbya, 9 

lutea, Oscillatoria, 9 

luteofusca, Calothrix, 10 

luxurians, Cryptonemia, 29 

luxurians, Sphaerococcus lactuca var., 29 

luzonense, Sargassum microcystum f, 85 

luzonensis, Peyssonnelia, 28 

luzonensis, Turbinaria , 89 

lycopodium, Caulerpa, 105 

lycopodium, Caulerpa cupressoides var., 

105 

lycopodium f. amicorum, Caulerpa cupressoides var., 105 

lycopodium f. disticha, Caulerpa cupressoides var., 105 

lycopodium f. elegans, Caulerpa cupressoides var., 105 

Lyngbya, 9, 123 

aestuarii, 9 

cantharidosma, 8 

confervoides, 9 

crispa, 9 

ferruginea, 9 

glutinosa, 8 

infixa, 9 

lutea, 9 

majuscula, 9, 12 

martensiana, 10 

mesotricha, 10 

persicina, 12 

rosea, 10 

semiplena, 10 

sordida, 10, 12 

lyngbyaceum, Hydrocoleum, 9 

lyngbyaceus, Microcoleus, 8, 9, 10, 11 

macra, Caulerpa racemosa var., 107 

macrocarpa, Mastophora, 5 

macrodisca, Caulerpa, 108 

macrodisca, Caulerpa peltata var., 108 

macroloba, Halimeda, 115 

macrophysa, Caulerpa racemosa var., 107 

macrophysa, Chauvinia, 107 

macrophysa, Halimeda, 115 

macrophysa, Valonia, 103 

maculans, Brachytrichia, 15 

maculata, Halymenia, 31 

maillardii, Carpopeltis, 29 

maillardii, Phyllophora, 29 

major, Acetabularia, 121 

major, Chlorodesmis, 118 

major, Dictyota, 76 

major, Spirulina, 12 

majuscula, Conferva, 8, 9 

majuscula, Laurencia, 66 

majuscula, Laurencia obtusa var., 66 

majuscula, Lyngbya, 9, 12 

manilense, Sargassum hombronianum 

var., 85 

manilense, Sargassum polycystum var., 85 

manipaense, Sargassum siliquosum var., 

88 

marcosii, Porphyra, 18 

margaritifera, Oscillaria, 11 

margaritifera, Oscillatoria, 11 

marginata, Corallina, 23 

marginata, Dictyota, 77 

marginata, Galaxaura, 23 

marginatus, Dilophus, 77 

mariannensis, Laurencia, 66 

marina, Derbesia, 104 

marina, Vaucheria, 104 

mariti, Cruoriella, 28 

mariti, Peyssonnelia, 28 

marshallense, Ceramium, 55 

Martensia, 59, 124 

flabelliformis, 59 

speciosa, 59 

martensiana, Lyngbya, 10 

martensii, Opephyllum, 59 

maryae, Ceramium, 55 

masonii, Ceramium, 55 

Mastophora, 37 

decaisnei, 37 

licheniformis, 37 

macrocarpa, 5 

melobesioides, 36 

rosea, 37 

mauritiana, Cladophora, 99 

mazatlanense, Ceramium, 55 

media, Chaetomorpha, 95 

media, Conferva, 95 

mediterranea, Spongopsis, 96 
NUMBER 27 171 

megalocystum, Goniolithon, 38 

megalocystum, Neogoniolithon, 38 

Melanthalia, 129 

Melobesia, 124 

farinosa, 34 

foliacea, 37 

melobesioides, Lithoporella, 36 

melobesioides, Mastophora, 36 

membranacea, Cladophoropsis, 101 

membranacea, Conferva, 101 

membranacea, Dictyopteris, 74 

membranacea, Polypodoidea, 74, 75 

membranaceus, Fucus, 74 

Meredithia californica, 32 

Meristotheca, 48 

papulosa, 48 

mertensii, Dictyota, 76 

mertensii, Ulva, 76 

mesenterica, Heteractis, 14 

mesenterica, Rivularia, 14 

Mesogloia 

attenuata, 56 

microcarpa, 31 

Mesophyllum, 37 

erubescens, 37 

imbricatum, 37 

pulchrum, 37 

siamense, 37 

simulans, 38 

mesotricha, Lyngbya, 10 

mexicana, Caulerpa, 106 

mexicana, Jania, 35 

mexicana, Schizothrix, 10, 12, 13 

mexicana var. pluriseriata, Caulerpa, 106 

micrarthodia, Jania, 35 

microcarpa, Halymenia, 31 

microcarpa, Mesogloia, 31 

Microcladia, 57, 124 

elegans, 57 

glandulosa, 57 

Microcoleus, 10 

acutissimus, 10, 12 

corymbosus, 14 

lyngbyaceus, 8, 9, 10, 11 , 

tenerrimus, 10 

vaginatus, 11 

microcystis, Carpacanthus, 85 

microcystum, Sargassum, 85 

microcystum f. luzonense, Sargassum, 85 

microcystum var. microtis, Sargassum, 85 

Microdictyon, 95, 126 

agardhianum, 95 

boergesenii, 95 

clathratum, 95 

curtissiae, 95 

japonicum, 95 

montagnei, 100 

okamurae, 95 

umbilicatum, 5 

vanbosseae, 5 

micronesica, Halimeda, 115 

microphyllum, Sargassum, 85 

microphysa, Caulerpa, 106 

microphysa, Caulerpa racemosa var. clavifera f., 106 

microtis, Sargassum microcystum var., 85 

Millepora 

calcarea, 38 

polymorpha, 38 

miniata, Wurdemannia , 72 

miniatus, Fucus, 72 

miniatus, Sphaerococcus, 72 

minima, Chnoospora, 79 

minimus, Fucus, 79 

minor, Corallopsis, 43 

minor, Corallopsis salicornia var., 43 

minor, Gracilaria, 43 

minor, Herposiphonia dendroide a var., 64 

minor, Padina, 78 

minutissima, Acetabularia, 122 

minutissima, Crouania, 56 

minutulum, Lithothamnion australe f., 37 

minutum, Centroceras, 54 

mitchelliae, Ectocarpus, 73, 130 

mitchelliae, Hincksia, 73, 130 

mitchelliae var. neilii, Giffordia, 130 

mitchelliae var. neilii, Hincksia, 130 

mixta, Bostrychia, 62 

mixta f. inermis, Bostrychia, 62 

mixtum, Sargassum cinctum var., 82 

miyabei, Sargassum, 86 

moebii, Acetabularia, 122 

molle, Archaeolithothamnion erythraeum 

f., 38 

molle, Sporolithon ptychoides f, 38 

mollis, Dasya, 59 

mollis, Polysiphonia, 70 

mollis var. tongatensis, Polysiphonia, 70 

moluccense, Lithophyllum, 36 

moluccense, Lithothamnion, 36 

monile, Halimeda, 114 

moniliformis, Scinaia, 25 

Monostroma, 91 , 126 

latissimum, 91 

nitidum, 91 

montagneana, Rhodymenia, 45 

montagneana, Sarcodia, 45 

montagnei, Boodlea, 100 

montagnei, Microdictyon, 100 

moritziana, Bostrychia, 62 

moritziana, Polysiphonia, 62 

mucifera, Sphacelaria, 74 

muelleri, Codium, 113 

muelleri, Dasya, 60 

muelleri, Heterosiphonia, 60 

muelleri, Lithothamnion, 36 

multifida, Claudea, 58 

multijugum, Ceramium, 55 

multipartita var. aeruginosa, Gracilaria, 42 

muricatum, Eucheuma, 46 

muricatum f. depauperatum, Eucheuma, 

46 

muricatum f. incrassatum, Eucheuma, 47 

muricatus, Fucus, 46 

murrayana, Turbinaria , 89 

Murrayella, 69, 124 

periclados, 69 

musciformis, Fucus, 49 

musciformis, Hypnea, 49 

musciformis var. esperi, Hypnea, 49 

musciformis var. hippuroides, Hypnea , 50 

muscoides, Acanthophora , 60 

muscoides, Fucus, 60 

myagroides, Fucus, 81 

myagroides, Myagropsis, 81 

Myagropsis, 81 

myagroides, 81 

myriocystum, Sargassum, 86 

myriocystum var. euryphyllum, Sargassum, 86 

nana, Acrocystis, 61 

nana, Laurencia, 65 

nana, Pterocladia, 27 

natans, Fucus, 86 

natans, Sargassum, 86 

neilii, Giffordia mitchelliae var., 130 

neilii, Hincksia mitchelliae var., 130 

Nemalion schrammii, 20 

neocaledonica, Cladophoropsis, 101 

neocaledonica, Spongocladia, 101 

Neogoniolithon, 38 

frutescens, 38 

megalocystum, 38 

Neomeris, 121 

annulata, 121 

nitida, 120 

sphaerica, 120 

vanbosseae, 121 

Neurymenia, 69 

fraxinifolia, 69 

nidifica, Laurencia, 66 

nidulans, Hypnea, 50 

nigrescens, Hypnea, 50 

nigricans, Avrainvillea, 117 

nigrifolium, Sargassum, 86 

nigroviridis, Oscillatoria, 11 

nipae, Catenella, 48 

nitens, Ceramium, 55 

nitens, Ceramium rubrum var., 55 

nitida, Bometella, 119 

nitida, Neomeris, 120 

nitida, Rivularia, 14 

nitidulum, Acrochaetium, 19 

nitidum, Monostroma, 91 

Nitophyllum tongatense, 5 

nootkanus, Fucus, 50 

Nostoc quoyi, 15 

Nothogenia, 128 

variolosa, 128 

notarisii, Porphyrosiphon, 11 

novae-hollandae, Sphacelaria, 74 

nuda, Herposiphonia, 64 

Nullipora byssoides, 36 

nummularia, Caulerpa, 108 

nummularia, Caulerpa peltata var., 108 

oblongata, Corallina, 23 

oblongata, Galaxaura, 23 

obscura, Anadyomene, 117 

obscura, Avrainvillea, 117 

obscura, Herposiphonia, 64 

obscura, Peyssonnelia, 28 

obtusa, Laurencia, 66 

obtusa var. dendroidea , Laurencia, 67 
172 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

obtusa var. densa, Laurencia, 67 

obtusa var. majuscula, Laurencia, 66 

obtusa var. paniculata, Chondria, 67 

obtusa var. patentiramea, Chondria, 67 

obtusa var. snackeyi, Laurencia, 67 

obtusata, Corallina, 24 

obtusata, Galaxaura, 24 

obtusata, Tubularia, 24 

obtusiloba, Rytiphlaea, 71 

obtusiloba, Vidalia, 71 

obtusus, Fucus, 66 

occidentalis, Caulerpa chemnitzia var., 108 

occidentalis, Caulerpa freycinetii var. boryana f, 109 

occidentalis, Caulerpa racemosa var., 108 

occidentalis, Caulerpa serrulata var. boryana f., 109 

occidentalis, Udotea, 119 

ocellata, Dasya, 59 

ocellata, Dictyosphaeria, 102 

ocellata, Valonia, 102 

ocellatum, Ceramium, 59 

Ochlochaete dendroides, 91 

ogasawaraensis, Caloglossa, 58 

okamurae , Callophyllis, 32 

okamurae , Dilophus, 77 

okamurae , Enantiocladia, 63 

okamurae , Eucheuma, 47 

okamurae , Laurencia, 67 

okamurae, Lithophyllum, 36 

okamurae , Microdictyon, 95 

oligocystum, Sargassum, 86 

oligocystum var. subflexuosum, Sargassum, 86 

oligocystum var. bemardinum, Sargassum, 86 

oligospora, Bometella, 120 

onkodes, Lithophyllum, 38 

onkodes, Lithothamnion, 38 

onkodes, Porolithon, 38 

onslowensis, Giffordia, 130 

onslowensis, Hincksia, 130 

oocyste, Sargassum, 86 

oocyste var. bemardinum, Sargassum, 87 

Opephyllum, 59 

martensii, 59 

opuntia, Catenella, 48 

opuntia, Corallina, 115 

opuntia, Corallopsis, 41 

opuntia, Fucus, 48 

opuntia, Halimeda, 115 

opuntia f. cordata, Halimeda, 116 

opuntia f. hederacea, Halimeda, 114 

opuntia f. intermedia, Halimeda, 116 

opuntia f. renschii, Halimeda, 116 

opuntia f. triloba, Halimeda, 116 

opuntia var. hederacea, Halimeda, 114 

orientate, Encoelium, 80 

orientalis, Acanthophora, 61 

orientalis, Acanthophora spicifera f, 61 

orientalis, Asperococcus, 80 

orientalis, Chamaedoris, 100 

orientalis, Halimeda, 115 

orientalis, Hydroclathrus, 80 

orientalis, Liagora, 21 

orientalis, Peyssonnelia rubr a f., 28 

orientalis, Rhipidosiphon, 119 

orientalis, Rosenvingea, 80 

orientalis, Udotea, 119 

ornata, Asterocytis, 17 

ornata, Conferva, 17 

ornata, Turbinaria , 89 

ornata f. evesiculosa, Turbinaria , 90 

ornatum, Chroodactylon, 17 

ornatus, Fucus, 128 

ornatus, Fucus turbinatus var., 89 

Oscillaria, 127 

bonnemaisonii, 11 

margaritifera, 11 

sancta, 11 

submembranacea, 12, 127 

oscillarioides, Anabaina, 8 

Oscillatoria, 11, 123, 127 

bonnemaisonii, 11 

brevis, 5 

corallinae, 11 

curviceps, 11 

erythraea, 12 

lutea, 9 

margaritifera, 11 

nigroviridis, 11 

sancta, 11 

submembranacea, 12, 127 

ovale, Codium, 113 

ovale, Gastridium, 104 

ovalis, Bometella, 120 

ovalis, Griffithsia, 56 

ovalis, Halicystis, 104 

ovata, Hincksia, 130 

ovatus, Ectocarpus, 130 

ovatus var. intermedius, Ectocarpus, 130 

pachynema, Bryopsis, 103 

pachynema, Valoniopsis, 103 

pacifica, Amphiroa, 33 

pacifica, Galaxaura, 24 

pacifica, Herposiphonia, 64 

pacifica, Jania, 35 

pacifica, Kallymenia, 32 

pacifica, Polysiphonia, 70 

pacifica var. delicatula, Polysiphonia, 70 

pacificum, Gelidium pusillum var., 27 

Padina, 77, 125 

arborescens, 77 

australis, 77 

boryana, 77 

commersonii, 77 

crassa, 78 

distromatica, 78 

fraseri, 78 

gymnospora, 77, 78 

jamaicensis, 78 

japonica, 78 

minor, 78 

pavonia, 78 

pavonica, 78 

sanctae-crucis, 78 

tenuis, 77 

tetrastromatica, 79 

palisada, Laurencia, 67 

pallescens, Lithophyllum, 36 

pallescens, Lithothamnion, 36 

Palmaria, 19 

palmata, 19 

palmata, Palmaria, 19 

palmatifida, Dasyopsis, 130 

palmatifidus, Eupogodon, 130 

palmatus, Fucus, 19 

Palmella conferta, 7 

Palmogloea aeruginosa, 7 

paniculata, Chondria obtusa var., 67 

paniculata, Laurencia, 67 

paniculata var. snackeyi, Laurencia, 67 

paniculatum, Sargassum, 87 

pannosa, Chnoospora, 80 

pannosa, Hypnea, 50 

papenfussii, Acrochaetium, 19 

papenfussii, Gracilaria, 43 

papillatum, Codium, 113 

papulosa, Chondria, 67 

papillosa, Laurencia, 67 

papillosus, Fucus, 67 

papulosa, Kallymenia, 48 

papulosa, Meristotheca, 48 

paradoxa, Conferva, 92 

paradoxa, Enteromorpha flexuosa subsp., 

92 

paradoxa, Ulva, 92 

parca, Herposiphonia, 64 

parietalis, Erythrotrichia, 17 

parietina, Calothrix, 13, 14 

parietinus, Schizosiphon, 13 

parva, Pterocladia, 27 

parvifolia, Caulerpa, 104 

parvifolia, Caulerpa brachypus f., 104 

parvifolium, Sargassum, 87 

parvifolius, Fucus, 87 

parvipapillata, Laurencia, 67 

parvula, Acetabularia, 122 

parvula, Champia, 53 

parvula, Chondria, 53 

parvula, Halicystis, 104 

patens, Dictyota, 77 

patens, Plocamium, 45 

patens var. schizophyllum, Sargassum, 87 

patentiramea, Chondria, 68 

patentiramea, Chondria obtusa var., 67 

patentiramea, Laurencia, 67 

pavonia, Padina, 78 

pavonia var. tenuis, Zonaria, 78 

pavonica, Padina, 78 

pavonicus, Fucus, 78 

pavonius, Fucus, 78 

pectinata, Caulerpa freycinetii var., 109 

pectinata, Caulerpa serrulata var., 109 

pectinatum, Plocamium serrulatum var., 

45 

Pedobesia ryukyuensis, 104 

pedicellata, Pollexfenia, 59 

pellucida, Cladophora, 98 

pellucida, Conferva, 98 

peltata, Caulerpa, 108 

peltata, Caulerpa racemosa var., 108 

peltata, Rhipiliopsis, 118 

peltata, Udotea, 118 
NUMBER 27 173 

peltata var. lacunosa, Rhodophyllis, 48 

peltata var. macrodisca, Caulerpa, 108 

peltata var. nummularia , Caulerpa, 108 

penicillata, Dasya, 130 

penicillata, Griffithsia, 57 

penicillata, Wrangelia, 57 

penicillatum, Phormidium, 12 

penicillatus, Eupogodon, 130 

pennata, Bryopsis, 103 

pennata var. secunda, Bryopsis, 103 

pentamera, Polysiphonia, 5 

periclados, Hutchinsia, 69 

periclados, Murrayella, 69 

perpusilla, Polysiphonia, 59 

perpusillum, Gelidium crinale var., 25 

perpusillum, Taenioma , 59 

persicina, Lyngbya, 12 

persicinum, Phormidium, 12 

personatum, Ceramium, 55 

pertusa, Ulva, 94 

Peyssonnelia, 27, 124 

calcea, 27 

conchicola, 27 

distenta, 28 

evae, 28 

foveolata, 28 

indica, 28 

luzonensis, 28 

mariti, 28 

obscura, 28 

rubra, 28 

rubra f. orientalis, 28 

squamaria, 28 

Phaeophila, 91 

dendroides, 91 

philippinense, Sargassum, 87 

philippinensis, Acetabularia, 122 

philippinensis, Acetabularia ryukyuensis 

var., 122 

philippinensis, Chlorocladus, 120 

philippinensis, Cladophora, 98 

philippinensis, Cladophoropsis, 101 

philippinensis, Litholepis indica f., 36 

Phormidium, 11 

ambiguum, 11,1 4 

amoenum, 11 

crosbyanum, 11 

laysanense, 12 

penicillatum, 12 

persicinum, 12 

submembranaceum, 12, 127 

tinctorium, 12 

valderiae, 12 

valderianum, 12 

Phycoseris reticulata, 94 

Phyllophora, 51 

crenulata, 29 

intricata, 52 

maillardii, 29 

submaritima, 51 

Phymatolithon, 38 

calcareum, 38 

polymorphum, 38 

purpureum, 38 

pickeringii, Caulerpa, 111 

pickeringii, Caulerpa webbiana var., 111 

pilosa, Calothrix, 13, 14, 15 

pilosa, Dasyopsis, 60, 130 

pilosus, Eupogodon, 60, 130 

pilulifer, Fucus, 87 

piluliferum, Sargassum, 87 

pinnata, Erythrocladia, 17 

pinnata, Laurencia, 68 

pinnata, Lomentaria, 52 

pinnatifida, Laurencia, 5 

pinnatifolia, Ptilota, 130 

pinnatifolia var. digitata, Corallina, 34 

pinnatifolius, Eupogodon, 130 

plana, Dasya, 129 

planus, Eupogodon, 130 

platyclados, Codium, 113 

platydisca, Halimeda, 116 

platydisca, Halimeda tuna (., 116 

Pleonosporium, 57 

globuliferum, 57 

plicata, Anadyomene, 94 

Plocamium, 44 

costatum, 44 

patens, 45 

serrulatum var. pectinatum, 45 

telfairiae, 45 

tenellum, 62 

plocamium var. costata, Delesseria, 44 

plumarioides, Dasyphila, 56 

plumaris, Caulerpa, 110 

plumaris, Fucus, 110 

plumaris f. farlowii, Caulerpa, 110 

plumaris f. flagellata, Caulerpa, 110 

plumaris var. brevipes, Caulerpa, 110 

plumaris var. elegans, Caulerpa, 105 

plumaris var. longipes, Caulerpa, 110 

plumaris var. longiseta, Caulerpa, 110 

plumosa, Bryopsis, 103 

plumosa, Enteromorpha, 92 

plumosa, Ulva, 103 

plumosa var. secunda, Bryopsis, 103 

plumula, Herposiphonia, 64 

plumula, Polysiphonia, 64 

pluriseriata, Caulerpa mexicana var., 106 

Pocockiella variegata, 77 

podagricum, Erythrocolon, 52 

poiteaui, Laurencia, 68 

poitei, Fucus, 68 

poko, Polysiphonia, 70 

Pollexfenia pedicellata, 59 

Polycavernosa, 44 

debilis, 44 

polyceratium, Sargassum, 87 

polychroa, Leibleinia, 10 

Polycoelia vanhoevelii, 5 

polycystum, Sargassum, 87 

polycystum var. euryphyllum, Sargassum, 86 

polycystum var. manilense, Sargassum, 85 

polymorpha, Millepora, 38 

polymorphum, Lithothamnion, 37, 38 

polymorphum, Phymatolithon, 38 

polyotis, Diplotrichia, 15 

polyotis, Rivularia, 15 

Polyphysa, 121 

spicata, 122 

polypodioides, Dictyopteris, 74 

polypodioides, Fucus, 74, 75 

polypodioides, Ulva, 75 

Polypodoidea, 75 

membranacea, 74, 75 

polyrhiza, Chondria, 63 

Polysiphonia, 69, 124 

apiculata, 69 

beaudettei, 69 

calodictyon, 71 

ferulacea, 69 

flabellulata, 69 

for cipata, 69 

forfex, 69 

fragilis, 69 

gorgoniae, 69 

hawaiiensis, 70 

howei, 70 

mollis, 70 

mollis var. tongatensis, 70 

moritziana, 62 

pacifica, 70 

pacifica var. delicatula, 70 

pentamera, 5 

perpusilla, 59 

plumula, 64 

poko, 70 

savatieri, 70 

scopulorum, 70 

scopulorum var. villum, 70 

setacea, 70 

sparsa, 70 

sphaerocarpa, 70 

subtilissima, 71 

tenuis, 71 

tepida, 71 

tongatensis, 70 

tongatensis var. upolensis, 71 

triton, 71 

tsudana, 71 

upolensis, 71 

villum, 70 

Polystrata, 28 

dura, 28 

Polyzonia jungermannioides, 68 

Porolithon, 38 

onkodes, 38 

Porphyra, 18, 124 

atropurpurea , 18 

crispata, 18 

denticulata, 18 

marcosii, 18 

suborbiculata, 18 

variegata, 18 

Porphyrosiphon 

kurzii, 12 

notarisii, 11 

Portieria, 39, 128 

coccinea, 129 

dichotoma, 129 

harveyi, 129 

hornemannii, 39, 129 

japonica, 39, 129 

kilneri, 129 

spinulosa, 129 
174 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

Prionitis, 31 

articulata, 29 

cornea, 31 

schmitziana, 29 

procrusteanum, Eucheuma, 47 

procumbens, Ceramiella, 54 

procumbens, Ceramium, 54 

procumbens, Thamnoclonium, 31 

prolifer, Fucus, 106, 115, 116 

prolifera, Botryocarpa, 58 

prolifera, Carpopeltis, 29 

prolifera, Caulerpa, 106 

prolifera, Cladophora, 98 

prolifera, Conferva, 98 

prolifera, Cystoseira, 81 

prolifera, Enteromorpha , 93 

prolifera, Giffordia, 130 

prolifera, Gigartina, 29 

prolifera, Hincksia, 130 

prolifera, Ulva, 93 

prorepens, Herposiphonia, 5 

pseudoscillatoria, Anabaina, 8 

pseudospinulosum, Sargassum ilicifolium 

var., 85 

Pterocladia, 27, 124 

caloglossoides, 27 

capillacea, 27 

densa, 27 

nana, 27 

parva, 27 

pteropleuron, Sargassum, 87 

Ptilota pinnatifolia, 130 

Ptilothamnion, 57 

cladophorae, 57 

ptychoides f. durum, Sporolithon, 38 

ptychoides f. molle, Sporolithon, 38 

Pugetia japonica, 32 

pugniforme, Codium, 113 

pulchella, Dasyopsis, 130 

pulchellum, Gelidium, 25 

pulchellum var. subspathulatum, Sargassum, 

88 

pulchellus, Eupogodon, 130 

pulchellus, Fucus corneus var., 25 

pulchrum, Lithothamnion, 37 

pulchrum, Mesophyllum, 37 

pulverentula, Liagora, 5 

pulvinata, Sphacelaria, 5 

pumila, Jania, 35 

Punctaria, 125 

punicea, Baillouviana, 59 

punicea, Dasya, 59 

purpurascens, Gracilaria, 43 

purpureum, Lithothamnion, 38 

purpureum, Phymatolithon, 38 

pusilla, Boodleopsis, 117 

pusillum, Alsidium, 61 

pusillum, Gelidium, 25 

pusillum var. pacificum, Gelidium, 27 

pusillus, Acrocarpus, 25 

pusillus, Dichotomosiphon, 117 

pusillus, Fucus, 25 

pygmaeus, Gymnogongrus, 51 

pyriformis, Botryocladia, 51 

pyriformis, Chrysymenia, 51 

quisumbingii, Cladophora, 98 

quoyi, Brachytrichia, 15 

quoyi, Nostoc, 15 

racemosa, Caulerpa, 106 

racemosa var. chemnitzia, Caulerpa, 108 

racemosa var. clavifera, Caulerpa, 107 

racemosa var. clavifera f. microphysa, Caulerpa, 106 

racemosa var. corynephora, Caulerpa, 107 

racemosa var. gracilis, Caulerpa, 107 

racemosa var. laetevirens, Caulerpa, 107 

racemosa var. lamourouxii, Caulerpa, 107 

racemosa var. macra, Caulerpa, 107 

racemosa var. macrophysa, Caulerpa, 107 

racemosa var. occidentalis, Caulerpa, 108 

racemosa var. peltata, Caulerpa, 108 

racemosa var. turbinata, Caulerpa, 108 

racemosa var. uvifera, Caulerpa, 107 

racemosus, Fucus, 106 

radicans, Bostrychia, 62 

radicans, Rhodomela, 62 

Ralfsia, 73 

fungiformis, 73 

rallsiae, Ectocarpus, 73, 130 

rallsiae, Giffordia, 73, 130 

rallsiae, Hincksia, 73, 130 

ramellifera, Gloiocladia, 52 

ramosa, Struvea, 101 

ramosissima, Grateloupia, 30 

ramulosa, Enteromorpha , 93 

ramulosa, Ulva, 93 

ramulosa var. spinosa, Enteromorpha, 93 

reinboldii, Goniolithon, 34 

reinboldii, Hydrolithon, 34 

reinboldii, Lithophyllum, 34 

renschii, Halimeda, 116 

renschii, Halimeda opuntia f, 116 

repens, Chondria, 63 

repens, Codium, 112 

repens, Dictyopteris, 75 

repens, Gelidiopsis, 40 

repens, Gelidium, 40 

repens, Haliseris, 75 

requienii, Batrachospermum, 19 

requienii, Trichogloea, 19 

reticulata, Phycoseris, 94 

reticulata, Ulva, 84, 94 

retroflexa, Turbinari a conoides f, 89 

reyesii, Caulerpa, 108 

Rhabdonia dura, 48 

Rhipidosiphon 

javensis, 119 

orientalis, 119 

RhipUia longicaulis, 117 

Rhipiliopsis, 118 

carolyniae, 118 

peltata, 118 

Rhizoclonium, 99 

africanum, 99 

capillare, 96 

crassipellitum var. robustum, 99 

grande , 99 

hookeri, 99 

kerneri, 9 9 

kochianum, 99 

riparium, 99 

setaceum, 99 

rhizophora, Griffithsia, 56 

Rhodochorton, 127 

hancockii, 19 

sinicola, 19 

Rhodomela 

calliptera, 61 

radicans, 62 

Rhodopeltis, 39, 124 

borealis, 39 

gracilis, 39 

Rhodophyllis, 48 

peltata var. lacunosa, 48 

Rhodymenia, 52, 124 

californica, 52 

coacta, 52 

decumbens, 52 

intricata, 52 

montagneana, 45 

spinulosa, 43 

tripinnata, 129 

rigens, Gelidium, 27 

rigens, Sphaerococcus, 27 

rigida, Actinotrichia, 22 

rigida, Amphiroa, 33 

rigida, Carpopeltis, 29 

rigida, Cryptonemia, 29 

rigida, Galaxaura, 22 

rigida, Gelidiopsis, 25 

rigida, Sphacelaria, 74 

rigida, Ulva, 94 

rigida, Ulva lactuca var., 94 

rigidula, Sphacelaria, 74 

rigidum, Gelidium, 25 

rigidus, Fucus, 25 

rigidus, Sphaerococcus, 25 

riparia, Conferva, 99 

riparium, Rhizoclonium, 99 

Rivularia, 14, 123 

bullata, 13, 14 

contarenii, 13 

mesenterica, 14 

nitida, 14 

polyotis, 15 

rivularis, Bostrychia, 62 

robusta, Calothrix, 14 

robusta, Galaxaura, 24 

robusta, Halimeda velasquezii var., 116 

robusta, Liagora, 21 

robustior, Avrainvillea lacerata var., 117 

robustum, Acrochaetium, 19 

robustum, Rhizoclonium crassipellitum 

var., 99 

Roschera 

africana, 71 

condensata, 71 

rosea, Lyngbya, 10 

rosea, Mastophora, 37 

rosea, Zonaria, 37 

Rosenvingea, 80 

intricata, 80 

orientalis, 80 

rosulata, Kylinia, 19 
NUMBER 27 175 

rotundatum, Sargassum duplicatum var., 

83 

roxasii, Acetabularia, 122 

rubens, Corallina, 35 

rubens, Jania, 35 

rubra, Peyssonnelia, 28 

rubra, Zonaria, 28 

rubra f. orientalis, Peyssonnelia, 28 

rubrum var. nitens, Ceramium, 55 

rudis, Galaxaura, 23 

rudolphiana, Cladophora, 99 

rudolphiana, Conferva, 99 

rugosa, Corallina, 24 

rugosa, Galaxaura, 24 

rugulosa, Cladophora, 98 

rupestris, Cladophora, 98 

rupestris, Conferva, 98 

Rytiphlaea obtusiloba, 71 

ryukyuensis, Acetabularia, 122 

ryukyuensis, Derbesia, 104 

ryukyuensis, Pedobesia, 104 

ryukyuensis var. philippinensis, Acetabularia, 122 

saccharina, Laminaria, 94 

sagamianum, Sargassum, 87 

sagittata, Corallina, 34 

sagittatum, Cheilosporum, 34 

saidana, Hypnea, 50 

sakaii, Cladophora, 98 

salicifolius, Fucus, 88 

salicornia, Corallopsis, 43 

salicornia, Gracilaria, 43 

salicornia, Sphaerococcus, 43 

salicornia var. minor, Corallopsis, 43 

salicomoides, Champia, 53 

salina, Enteromorpha, 93 

sancta, Oscillaria, 11 

sancta, Oscillatoria, 11 

sanctae-crucis, Padina, 78 

sandei, Sargassum, 87 

sandriana, Hincksia, 130 

sandrianus, Ectocarpus, 130 

sanfordiana, Asparagopsis, 22 

Sarcodia, 45, 124 

ceylanica, 45 

montagneana, 45 

filamentosa, 58 

sargassi, Acrochaetium, 19 

Sargassum, 82, 125 

aciculare, 84 

aemulum, 82 

agardhianum, 82 

bacciferum, 86 

baccularia, 82 

belangeri, 82 

berberifolium, 82 

biforme, 82 

binderi, 86 

binderi var. angustifolium, 82 

binderi var. vitiense, 86 

carpophyllum, 85 

cervicome, 82 

cinctum var. mixtum, 82 

cinctum var. gracilentum, 82 

compactum, 85 

confusum, 82 

crispifolium, 82 

cristaefolium, 83 

cristatum, 82 

cystocarpum, 83 

cystophyllum, 83 

droserifolium, 83 

droserifolium var. spathulatum, 83 

duplicatum, 83 

duplicatum var. rotundatum, 83 

echinocarpum var. vitiense, 86 

elongatum, 83 

enerve, 84 

esperi, 83 

filicinum, 83 

filifolium, 83 

filifolium var. aciculare, 84 

filiforme, 84 

fluitans, 84 

fulvellum, 84 

furcatum, 84 

gaudichaudii, 84 

giganteifolium, 84 

gracile, 84 

granuliferum, 84 

hemiphyllum, 84 

heterocystum, 85 

hombronianum var. manilense, 85 

hystrix, 85 

hystrix var. fluitans, 84 

hystrix var. spinulosus, 85 

ilicifolium, 85 

ilicifolium f. benkulense, 85 

ilicifolium var. compactum, 85 

ilicifolium var. duplicatum, 83 

ilicifolium var. pseudospinulosum, 85 

kjellmanianum, 86 

latifolium, 85 

microcystum, 85 

microcystum f. luzonense, 85 

microcystum var. microtis, 85 

microphyllum, 85 

miyabei, 86 

myriocystum, 86 

myriocystum var. euryphyllum, 86 

natans, 86 

nigrifolium, 86 

oligocystum, 86 

oligocystum var. bemardinum, 86 

oligocystum var. subflexuosum, 86 

oocyste, 86 

oocyste var. bemardinum, 87 

paniculatum, 87 

parvifolium, 87 

patens var. schizophyllum, 87 

philippinense, 87 

piluliferum, 87 

polyceratium, 87 

polycystum, 87 

polycystum var. euryphyllum, 86 

polycystum var. manilense, 85 

pteropleuron, 87 

pulchellum var. subspathulatum, 88 

sagamianum, 87 

sandei, 87 

serratifolium, 87 

siliquosum, 82, 87 

siliquosum var. basilanicum, 88 

siliquosum var. bicornutum, 88 

siliquosum var. manipaense, 88 

spinifex, 88 

subspathulatum, 88 

tenerrimum, 88 

vulgare, 84, 88 

vulgare var. indicum, 88 

yendoi, 88 

saundersii, Ectocarpus, 130 

saundersii, Hincksia, 130 

savatieri, Polysiphonia, 70 

scalaramosa, Beckerella, 25 

schizophylla, Halockloa, 87 

schizophyllum, Sargassum patens var., 87 

Schizosiphon 

gypsophilus, 14 

parietinus, 13 

Schizothrix, 12, 123 

arenaria, 13 

calcicola, 9, 10, 11, 12 

friesii, 12 

mexicana, 10, 12, 13 

tenerrima, 10, 12 

schmidtii, Archaeolithothamnion, 39 

schmidtii, Sporolithon, 39 

schmitziana, Cryptonemia, 29 

schmitziana, Prionitis, 29 

schrammi, Helminthocladia, 20 

schrammii, Liagoropsis, 20 

schrammii, Nemalion, 20 

Scinaia, 25, 124 

hormoides, 25 

latifrons, 25 

moniliformis, 25 

scopulorum, Calothrix, 14 

scopulorum, Conferva, 14 

scopulorum, Polysiphonia, 70 

scopulorum var. villum, Polysiphonia, 70 

Scytonema, 15 

hoffman-bangii, 15 

hofman-bangii, 15 

hofmanii, 15 

hofmannii, 14 

intricatum, 61, 62 

Scytosiphon erectus, 92 

Sebdenia, 40 

limensis, 40 

yamadae, 40 

secunda, Bryopsis pennata var., 103 

secunda, Bryopsis plumosa var., 103 

secunda, Herposiphonia, 64 

secunda, Herposiphonia tenella f, 64 

secunda, Hincksia, 130 

secunda, Hutchinsia, 64 

secunda f. tenella, Herposiphonia, 64 

secundatum, Acrochaetium, 128 

secundatum, Callithamnion daviesii var., 

128 

secundus, Ectocarpus, 130 

sedifolia, Chondria, 63 

segawae, Liagora, 21 
176 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

selago, Caulerpa, 108 

selago, Fucus, 108 

semiplena, Calothrix, 10 

semiplena, Lyngbya, 10 

seriatum, Acrochaetium, 19 

sericea, Cladophora, 99 

sericea, Conferva, 99 

serpens, Ceramium, 55 

serra, Eucheuma, 47 

serra, Sphaerococcus. 47 

serrata, Thysanoclaaia, 45 

serratifolium, Sargassum, 87 

serratifolius, Fucus, 87 

serratus, Callophycus, 45 

serrulata, Caulerpa, 108 

serrulata f. lata, Caulerpa, 109 

serrulata f. spiralis, Caulerpa, 109 

serrulata var. boryana, Caulerpa, 109 

serrulata var. boryana f. longifolia, Caulerpa, 109 

serrulata var. boryana f. occidentalis, Caulerpa, 109 

serrulata var. pectinata, Caulerpa, 109 

serrulatum, Hypoglossum, 58 

serrulatum var. pectinatum, Plocamium, 

45 

serrulatus, Fucus, 108 

sertularioides, Caulerpa, 109 

sertularioides, Fucus, 109, 110 

sertularioides f. brevipes, Caulerpa, 110 

sertularioides f. farlowii, Caulerpa, 110 

sertularioides (.flagellata, Caulerpa, 110 

sertularioides f. longipes, Caulerpa, 110 

sertularioides f. longiseta, Caulerpa, 110 

sessilis, Dasya, 59 

sessilis, Kallymenia, 32 

setacea, Polysiphonia, 70 

setaceum, Rhizoclonium, 99 

setchellii, Codium, 112 

setchellii, Coriophyllum, 5 

setchellii, Dictyosphaeria, 102 

setchellii, Liagora, 21 

seticulosa, Chondria, 63 

seticulosa, Conferva, 63 

seticulosa, Laurencia, 63 

siamense, Lithothamnion, 37 

siamense, Mesophyllum, 37 

siamense f. simulans, Lithothamnion, 38 

siamensis, Boodlea, 100 

sibogae, Archaeolithothamnion, 39 

sibogae, Chondria, 63 

sibogae, Cladophora, 99 

sibogae, Galaxaura, 5 

sibogae, Sporolithon, 39 

siliquosum, Sargassum, 82, 87 

siliquosum var. basilanicum, Sargassum, 

88 

siliquosum var. bicornutum, Sargassum, 

88 

siliquosum var. manipaense, Sargassum, 

88 

simplex, Conferva, 63 

simplex, Digenea, 63 

simpliciuscula, Bostrychia, 62 

simpliciuscula, Bostrychia tenuis f, 62 

simpliciuscula var. vesiculifera, Caulerpa, 

111 

simulans, Halimeda, 116 

simulans, Lithothamnion, 38 

simulans, Lithothamnion siamense f, 38 

simulans, Mesophyllum, 38 

sinicola, Acrochaetium, 19 

sinicola, Ceramium, 55 

sinicola, Rhodochorton, 19 

sinuosa, Colpomenia, 80 

sinuosa, Ulva, 80 

Siphonocladus fasciculatus, 100 

Sirocoleum, 12 

kurzii, 12 

Sirophysalis, 81 

sisymbrioides, Cystophyllum, 81 

sisymbrioides, Fucus, 81 

skottsbergii, Botryocladia, 51 

skottsbergii, Chrysymenia, 51 

snackeyi, Gracilaria arcuata var., 41 

snackeyi, Laurencia obtusa var., 67 

snackeyi, Laurencia paniculata var., 67 

Solieria, 48 

dura, 48 

solutum, Hormothamnium, 8 

sordida, Avrainvillea, 117 

sordida, Calothrix, 10 

sordida, Hincksia, 130 

sordida, Leibleinia, 10 

sordida, Lyngbya, 10, 12 

sordida, Udotea, 117 

sordidus, Ectocarpus, 130 

sparsa, Lophosiphonia, 70 

sparsa, Polysiphonia, 70 

spathulata, Champia, 53 

spathulata, Delesseria, 58 

spathulatum, Hypoglossum, 58 

spathulatum, Sargassum droserifolium 

var., 83 

Spatoglossum, 79, 125 

asperum, 79 

variabile, 79 

speciosa, Martensia, 59 

spectabile, Cheilosporum, 5 

spectabilis, Vanvoorstia, 59 

Spermothamnion, 124 

cladophorae, 57 

yonakuniense, 56 

Sphacelaria, 74, 125 

furcigera, 74 

mucifera, 74 

novae-hollandae, 74 

pulvinata, 5 

rigida, 74 

rigidula, 74 

tribuloides, 74 

sphaerica, Bometella, 120 

sphaerica, Neomeris, 120 

sphaerocarpa, Polysiphonia, 70 

Sphaerococcus 

canaliculars, 41 

compressus, 41 

confervoides, 44 

corallopsis, 65 

denticulatus, 44 

distickus, 42 

divaricatus, 49 

gelatinus, 44, 47 

intricatus, 40 

isiformis, 47 

lactuca var. luxurians, 29 

lichenoides, 42, 44 

miniatus, 72 

rigens, 27 

rigidus, 25 

salicornia, 43 

serra, 47 

spinellus, 50 

textorii, 43 

spicata, Polyphysa, 122 

spicifera, Acanthophora , 60 

spicifera f. orientalis, Acanthophora, 61 

spiciferus, Fucus, 60 

spinella, Dasya, 129 

spinella, Hypnea, 50 

spinellus, Eupogodon, 130 

spinellus, Sphaerococcus, 50 

spinescens, Enteromorpha, 93 

spinifex, Sargassum, 88 

spiniforme, Gelidium, 25 

spiniformis, Fucus, 25 

spinigera, Gracilaria, 43 

spinosa, Enteromorpha ramulosa var., 93 

spinosum, Eucheuma, 46 

spinosus, Fucus, 46 

spinuligera, Endosiphonia, 63 

spinulosa, Gracilaria, 43 

spinulosa, Portieria, 129 

spinulosa, Rhodymenia, 43 

spinulosus, Carpacanthus, 85 

spinulosus, Chondrococcus, 129 

spinulosus, Sargassum hystrix var., 85 

spiralis, Caulerpa freycinetii var. typica f, 

109 

spiralis, Caulerpa serrulata f, 109 

spiralis, Chaetomorpha , 97 

Spirulina, 12 

major, 12 

subsalsa, 12 

Spongia vermicularis, 120 

spongiosum, Ceratodictyon, 40 

Spongocarpus hemiphyllus, 85 

Spongocladia, 125 

dichotoma, 100 

neocaledonica, 101 

vaucheriaeformis, 101 

Spongodendron dichotomum, 100 

Spongomorpha, 126 

Spongopsis mediterranea, 96 

Sporolithon, 38 

erythraeum, 38 

ptychoides f. durum, 38 

ptychoides f. molle, 38 

schmidtii, 39 

sibogae, 39 

timorense, 39 

spumosa, Udotea argentea var., 119 

Spyridia, 57 

filamentosa, 49, 57, 

velasquezii, 57 
NUMBER 27 177 

squalida, Galaxaura, 24 

squamaria, Peyssonnelia, 28 

squamarius, Fucus, 28 

stanleyi, Dasyopsis, 130 

stanleyi, Eupogodon, 130 

stellata, Anadyomene , 94 

stellata, Ulva, 94 

stellulifera, Hypnea cornut a var., 49 

striata, Galaxaura, 24 

striatum, Eucheuma, 47 

Struvea, 101 

anastomosans, 101 

delicatula, 101 

ramosa, 101 

struveoides, Boodlea, 100 

stuposa, Halimeda, 116 

Stypopodium, 79 

flabelliforme, 79 

subcorticata, Balliella, 54 

subcorticatum, Antithamnion, 54 

subcylindrica, Amphiroa , 33 

subdigitata, Halimeda discoidea f, 114 

subdisticha, Herposiphonia, 64 

subflexuosum, Sargassum oligocystum 

var., 86 

subfruticulosa, Galaxaura, 24 

subintegra, Erythrocladia, 17 

submarina, Enteromorpha flexuosa f, 92 

submaritima, Phyllophora, 51 

submembranacea, Oscillaria, 12 

submembranacea, Oscillatoria, 12 

submembranaceum, Phormidium, 12, 

127 

suborbiculata, Porphyra, 18 

subsalsa, Spirulina, 12 

subserrata, Caulerpa, 110 

subsimplex, Laurencia, 68 

subspathulatum, Sargassum, 88 

subspathulatum, Sargassum pulchellum var., 

88 

subtile, Lithothamnion indicum f., 37 

subtilissima, Polysiphonia, 71 

subverticillata, Galaxaura, 24 

Suhria, 128 

sundanensis, Cladophoropsis, 101 

surculigera, Laurencia, 68 

Symploca, 13, 123 

howei, 13 

hydnoides, 13 

laeteviridis, 13 

taenicola, Halimeda, 116 

Taenioma, 59 

perpusillum, 59 

tambalangii, Eucheuma alvarezii var., 45 

Tapeinodasya, 60 

bornetii, 60 

tawallina, Zellera, 59 

taxifolia, Caulerpa, 111 

taxifolia var. crassifolia, Caulerpa, 106 

taxifolius, Fucus, 111 

taxiformis, Asparagopsis, 21 

taxiformis, Fucus, 21 , 22 

taylorii, Ceramium, 56 

taylorii, Gelidiella, 25 

telfairiae, Plocamium, 45 

telfairiae, Thamnophora, 45 

tenax, Fucus, 27 

tenax, Gloiopeltis, 27 

tenella, Bostrychia, 62 

tenella, Corallina, 35 

tenella, Dasyopsis, 130 

tenella, Gigartina, 51 

tenella, Herposiphonia, 64 

tenella, Herposiphonia secunda f, 64 

tenella, Hutchinsia, 64 

tenella, Jania, 35 

tenella f. secunda, Herposiphonia, 64 

tenella var. zacae, Jania, 35 

tenellum, Plocamium, 62 

tenellus, Eupogodon, 130 

tenellus, Fucus, 62 

tenera, Galaxaura, 23 

tenerrima, Schizothrix, 10, 12 

tenerrimum, Ceramium, 56 

tenerrimum, Hormoceras, 56 

tenerrimum, Sargassum, 88 

tenerrimus, Microcoleus, 10 

tenue, Anotrichium, 53 

tenue, Codium, 113 

tenuis, Bostrychia, 62 

tenuis, Griffithsia, 53 

tenuis, Hypnea cenomyce var., 48 

tenuis, Liagora, 21 

tenuis, Padina, 77 

tenuis, Polysiphonia, 71 

tenuis, Zonaria pavonia var., 78 

tenuis f. simpliciuscula, Bostrychia, 62 

tenuissima, Bryopsis, 104 

tenuissima, Derbesia, 104 

tenuissima, Jania, 35 

tenuissimum, Ceramium, 56 

tenuissimum, Ceramium diaphanum var., 56 

tepida, Polysiphonia, 71 

terminalis, Giffordia, 130 

terminalis, Hincksia, 130 

tetrastromatica, Padina, 79 

textorii, Gracilaria, 43 

textorii, Sphaerococcus, 43 

Thamnoclonium, 31 

procumbens, 31 

treubii, 31 

Thamnophora telfairiae, 45 

thierryi, Acanthophora, 61 

thyrsoidea, Hincksia, 130 

thyrsoideus, Ectocarpus, 130 

Thysanocladia serrata, 45 

timorense, Archaeolithothamnion, 39 

timorense, Sporolithon, 39 

tinctorium, Phormidium, 12 

Titanophora , 40, 124 

incrustans, 40 

weberae, 40 

Tolypiocladia, 71 , 124 

calodictyon, 71 

condensata, 71 

glomerulata, 71 

tomentosum, Codium, 113 

tongatense, Nitophyllum, 5 

tongatensis, Polysiphonia, 70 

tongatensis, Polysiphonia mollis var., 70 

tongatensis var. upolensis, Polysiphonia, 71 

torresiensis, Chlorodesmis, 118 

torta, Chaetomorpha, 97 

torta, Chaetomorpha clavata var., 97 

tortuosa, Chaetomorpha, 96 

tortuosa, Conferva, 96 

Tremella difformis, 79 

treubii, Thamnoclonium, 31 

trialata, Turbinaria , 90 

trialata, Turbinaria vulgaris var., 90 

trialata var. capensis, Turbinaria , 90 

triangularis, Fucus, 131 

triangulare, Bryothamnion, 131 

tribuloides, Sphacelaria, 74 

tribulus, Amphiroa, 33 

tribulus, Corallina, 33 

trichia, Herposiphonia, 64 

Trichodesmium erythraeum, 12 

Trichogloea, 19, 125 

requienii, 19 

trichogloeae, Acrochaetium, 19 

Trichosolen, 126 

trichotoma, Cladophora, 98 

trichotoma, Conferva, 98 

tridens, Corallina, 115 

tridens, Halimeda, 115 

tridens f. lamourouxii, Halimeda, lib 

trifarius, Fucus, 130 

triloba, Halimeda, lib 

triloba, Halimeda opuntia f, 116 

trinode, Cystophyllum, 81 

triqueter, Fucus, 81 , 131 

triquetra, Cystoseira, 81 , 131 

triquetra, Hormophysa, 81 , 130 

triquetrum, Bryothamnion, 130 

tripinnata, Desmia, 129 

tripinnata, Portieria, 129 

triton, Polysiphonia, 71 

tronoi, Laurencia, 68 

tropica, Laurencia, 68 

tsudana, Polysiphonia, 71 

Tubularia 

obtusata, 24 

umbellata, 24 

tubulosa, Enteromorpha, 92 

tubulosa, Enteromorpha intestinalis f, 92 

tubulosa, Enteromorpha intestinalis var., 92 

tuna, Corallina, 116 

tuna, Halimeda, 116 

tuna f. platydisca, Halimeda, 116 

Turbinaria, 88, 89, 125 

condensata, 88 

conoides, 88 

conoides f. laticuspidata, 89 

conoides f. retroflexa, 89 

conoides var. evesiculosa, 90 

decurrens, 89 

denudata , 89 

filamentosa, 89 

luzonensis, 89 

murrayana, 89 

ornata, 89 

ornata f. evesiculosa, 90 

trialata, 90 
178 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 

trialata var. capensis, 90 

turbinata, 90 

vulgaris, 90 

vulgaris var. conoides, 88 

vulgaris var. trialata, 90 

turbinata, Caulerpa clavifera var., 108 

turbinata, Caulerpa racemosa var., 108 

turbinata, Turbinaria , 90 

turbinatus, Fucus, 90 

turbinatus var. ornatus, Fucus, 89 

turgida, Gracilaria, 43 

turneri, Cystophyllum, 81 

tuticorinense, Acrochaetium, 19 

Tydemania , 118 

expeditionis, 118 

typica f. lata, Caulerpa freycinetii var., 109 

typica f. spiralis, Caulerpa freycinetii var., 

109 

ubianum, Lithothamnion australe f., 37 

Udotea, 118 

argentea, 118 

argentea var. spumosa, 119 

flabellum, 119 

geppii, 119 

glaucescens, 119 

indica, 119 

javensis, 119 

occidentalis, 119 

orientalis, 119 

peltata, 118 

sordida, 117 

Ulva, 93 , 126 

articulata, 52 

atropurpurea, 18 

bullata, 14 

caespitosa, 48 

cavernosa, 101 

compressa, 91 , 93 

dichotoma, 76 

fasciata, 93 

flexuosa, 92 

gigantea, 94 

intestinalis, 92 

lactuca, 93 

lactuca var. latissima, 93 

lactuca var. rigida, 94 

latissima, 93 

mertensii, 76 

paradoxa, 92 

pertusa, 94 

plumosa, 103 

polypodioides, 75 

prolifera, 93 

ramulosa, 93 

reticulata, 94, 80 

rigida, 94 

sinuosa, 80 

stellata, 94 

umbilicalis, 77 

umbellata, Galaxaura, 24 

umbellata, Tubularia, 24 

umbilicalis, Ulva, 77 

umbilicatum, Microdictyon, 5 

uncinata, Cladophora, 97 

undulata, Dictyopteris, 75 

undulata, Laurencia, 68 

ungulata, Corallina, 35 

ungulata, Jania, 35 

ungulata f. brevior, Corallina, 36 

ungulata f. brevior, Jania, 36 

upolensis, Polysiphonia, 71 

urvilliana, Caulerpa, 111 

urvilliana var. vitiensis, Caulerpa, 111 

utricularis, Conferva, 103 

utricularis, Valonia, 103 

uvaria, Chondria, 51 

uvaria, Chrysymenia, 51 

uvarioides, Botryocladia, 51 

uvifer, Fucus, 107 

uvifera, Caulerpa, 107 

uvifera, Caulerpa racemosa var., 107 

vagabunda, Cladophora, 99 

vagabunda, Conferva, 99 

vagabundum, Ceramium, 56 

vagans, Ceramium, 56 

vaginatus, Microcoleus, 11 

valderiae, Leptothrix, 12 

valderiae, Phormidium, 12 

valderianum, Phormidium, 12 

valentiae, Fucus, 50 

valentiae, Hypnea, 50 

valida, Liagora, 21 

Valonia, 102 

aegagropila, 102 

confervoides, 102 

fastigiata, 102 

favulosa, 102 

forbesii, 100 

macrophysa, 103 

ocellata, 102 

utricularis, 103 

ventricosa, 103 

verticillata, 102 

valonioides, Amphiroa, 34 

Valoniopsis, 103 

pachynema, 103 

vanbosseae, Boodlea, 5 

vanbosseae, Cymopolia, 120 

vanbosseae, Dictyosphaeria, 102 

vanbosseae, Microdictyon, 5 

vanbosseae, Neomeris, 121 

vanhoevelii, Polycoelia, 5 

Vanvoorstia, 59 

spectabilis, 59 

variabile, Gelidium, 40 

variabile, Spatoglossum, 79 

variabilis, Gelidiopsis, 40 

variegata, Dictyota, 77 

variegata, Lobophora , 77 

variegata, Pocockiella, 77 

variegata, Porphyra, 18 

variegata, Zonaria, 77 

variegatum, Diploderma, 18 

variegatus, Gymnosorus, 77 

variolosa, Nothogenia, 128 

Vaucheria 

fastigiata, 118 

marina, 104 

vaucheriaeformis, Cladophoropsis, 101 

vaucheriaeformis, Spongocladia, 101 

velasquezii, Acetabularia, 122 

velasquezii, Halimeda, 116 

velasquezii, Spyridia, 57 

velasquezii var. robusta, Halimeda, 116 

venezuelensis, Gracilaria, 44 

ventricosa, Valonia, 103 

venusta, Laurencia, 68 

veprecula, Galaxaura, 23 

vermicularis, Dasycladus, 120 

vermicularis, Spongia, 120 

verrucosa, Gracilaria, 44, 123 

verrucosus, Fucus, 44 

versicolor, Fucus, 26 

versicolor, Gelidium, 26 

versluysii, Dictyosphaeria, 102 

verticillata, Boodleopsis, 117 

verticillata, Caulerpa, 111 

verticillata, Ernodesmis, 102 

verticillata, Valonia, 102 

vesiculifera, Caulerpa, 111 

vesiculifera, Caulerpa simpliciuscula var., 

I l l 

Vidalia, 71 

obtusiloba, 71 

vieillardii, Champia, 53 

vieillardii, Gracilaria, 44 

viguieri, Calothrix, 14 

villum, Polysiphonia, 70 

villum, Polysiphonia scopulorum var., 70 

violacea, Leibleinia, 10 

vitiense, Sargassum binderi var., 86 

vitiense, Sargassum echinocarpum var., 86 

vitiensis, Caulerpa urvilliana var., Il l 

volubilis, Dictyota, 76 

vulgare, Sargassum, 84, 88 

vulgare var. indicum, Sargassum, 88 

vulgaris, Turbinaria , 90 

vulgaris var. conoides, Turbinaria, 88 

vulgaris var. trialata, Turbinaria, 90 

webbiana, Caulerpa, 111 

webbiana var. pickeringii, Caulerpa, 111 

weberae, Titanophora , 40 

wentii, Exophyllum, 63 

Wrangelia, 57 

argus, 57 

bicuspidata, 57 

penicillata, 57 

wrightiana, Cladophora, 99 

wrightii, Anadyomene , 95 

wrightii, Halicoryne, 122 

Wurdemannia , 72 

miniata, 72 

wurdemannii, Heterosiphonia, 60 

wurdemannii, Dasya, 60 

wurdemannii var. laxa, Heterosiphonia, 60 

yamadae, Bangia, 18 

yamadae, Sebdenia, 40 
NUMBER 27 179 

Yamadaella, 20 

caenomyce, 20 

yamadana, Laurencia, 68 

yendoi, Sargassum, 88 

yonakuniense, Spermothamnion, 56 

yonakuniensis, Gordoniella, 56 

zacae, Ceramium, 56 

zacae, Jania tenella var., 35 

Zellera, 59 

tawallina, 59 

zollingeri, Cladophora, 101 

zollingeri, Cladophoropsis, 101 

Zonaria, 79 

diesingiana, 79 

fiabellata, 79 

fraseri, 78 

gymnospora, 77, 78 

linearis, 76 

pavonia var. tenuis, 78 

rosea, 37 

rubra, 28 

variegata, 77 

zonata, Amphiroa, 34