/ a . 3 :

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Dayton & Montgomery Co. 

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JU L 2 7 1964

E m p l o y m e n t o f document collection

S C I E N T I F I C A N D T E C H N I C A L 

P E R S O N N E L I N

S T A T E G O V E R N M E N T A G E N C I E S , 1 9 6 2

Bulletin N o . 1412

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR 

W. Willard Wirtz, Se cretary

B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T ATISTICS

E w a n Clague, C o m m i s s i o n e r

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Employment of 

S C IE N T IF IC AND TEC H N IC A L 

PERSO N N EL IN

ST A T E GOVERNM ENT AG EN CIES, 1 9 6 2

Bulletin No. 1412

June 1964

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

Ewan Clague, Commissioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office

Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price 50 cents

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P R E F A C E

This b u l l e t i n s u m m a r i z e s the f i n d i n g s of a sur v e y m ade

by the B u r e a u of Labor S t a t i s t i c s of the U.S. D e p a r t m e n t of

Labor to o b t a i n i n f o r m a t i o n on the e m p l o y m e n t of scien t i f i c

and t e c h n i c a l p e r s o n n e l by S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t agencies in

J a n u a r y 1962. The surv e y was the seco n d of its kind, the

first h a v i n g been m a d e b y the B u r e a u for the N a t i o n a l S c i e n c e

F o u n d a t i o n as of J a n u a r y 1959. Th e s e s u r v e y s r e p r esent a

series c o v e r i n g e m p l o y m e n t of s c i e n t i f i c and t e c h n i c a l p e r ­

sonnel in all sectors of the economy. R e l a t e d s urveys

c o n d u c t e d by the B u r e a u of La b o r S t a t i s t i c s cover such e m ­

p l o y m e n t in p r i v a t e industry, local governments, and n o n p r o f i t

o rganizations. S c i e n t i f i c and technical e m p l o y m e n t in c o lleges

and u n i v e r s i t i e s and in the F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t is s u r v e y e d by

other U.S. G o v e r n m e n t agencies.

i n

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The pres e n t survey c o v ered v i r t u a l l y all St a t e agencies,

e x c e p t e d u c a t i o n a l i n s t i t u t i o n s , e m p l o y i n g p e r s o n s w o r k i n g as

scientists, engineers, or technicians. The respo n s e to the

survey w a s excell e n t , w i t h about 98 perc e n t of the 1,670

agencies c o n t a c t e d p r o v i d i n g u s a b l e information, but c ertain

p r o b l e m s t e n d to l i m i t t h e c o m p a r a b i l i t y of d a t a o b t a i n e d f r o m

i n d i v i d u a l Sta t e s and to m a k e in t e r s t a t e c o m p a r i s o n s d i f f i c u l t

to i n t e r p r e t . A s in a l l o c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t s u r v e y s , d e f i ­

nitions of i m p o rtant items u n d o u b t e d l y w e r e i n t e r p r e t e d d i f ­

f e r e n t l y by the v a r i o u s agency officials. M o r e importantly,

the f u n c t i o n s p e r f o r m e d and the o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e s d i f f e r

f r o m S t a t e to St a t e . (For a m o r e d e t a i l e d d i s c u s s i o n of d e f i n i ­

t i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l p r o b l e m s see A p p e n d i x B, S c o p e and M e t h o d

of S u r v e y .)

The d a t a c o l l e c t e d provide d e t a i l e d information, by o c c u ­

pation, on the s c i e n t i f i c and technical p e r s o n n e l e m p l o y e d by

S t a t e governments, and the f u n c t i o n s they p e r f o r m e d in S tate

agenc i e s of d i f f e r e n t types, as of J a n u a r y 1962. T h e y also

p r o v i d e the b a s i s f o r a c o m p a r i s o n of s c i e n t i f i c a n d t e c h n i c a l

e m p l o y m e n t in S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t s w i t h d a t a c o l l e c t e d in an

e a r l i e r s u r v e y . P a r t I o f t h e r e p o r t s u m m a r i z e s t h e f i n d i n g s

of the 1962 s u r v e y ; P a r t II is d e v o t e d to a c o n s i d e r a t i o n of

t h e c h a n g e s in e m p l o y m e n t b e t w e e n J a n u a r y 1 9 5 9 a n d J a n u a r y 1962.

The 1962 s u r v e y w a s c a r r i e d out and the r e p o r t p r e p a r e d in

the B u r e a u ' s D i v i s i o n of O c c u p a t i o n a l E m p l o y m e n t Stati s t i c s ,

C o r a E. T aylor, C h i e f , u n d e r the g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n of H a r o l d

Goldstein, A s s i s t a n t C o m m i s s i o n e r for M a n p o w e r and E m p l o y m e n t

S t a t i s t i c s . W i l l i a m L. C o p e l a n d h a d s u p e r v i s o r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t y

for the proj e c t and p r e p a r e d the report wi t h the a s s i s t a n c e of

Jack Golomb.

I V

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CONTENTS

P r e f a c e ------------------------------------------------------------------------- i i i

S u m m a r y of f i n d i n g s --------------------------------------------------------- 1

P a r t I. E m p l o y m e n t of s c i e n t i f i c and t e c h n i c a l p e r s o n n e l ,

January 1 9 6 2 ---- 3

E n g i n e e r s -------------------------------------------------------------------- 7

S c i e n t i s t s ------------------------------------------------------------------- 10

Life s c i e n t i s t s --------------------------------------------------------- 10

P h y s i c a l s c i e n t i s t s --------------------------------- 12

P s y c h o l o g i s t s ------------------------------------------------------------ 15

D e g r e e s h e l d b y s c i e n t i s t s ------------------------------------------- 15

T e c h n i c i a n s ------------------------------------------------------------------ 16

Part II. C h a n g e s in s c i e n t i f i c and t e c h n i c a l employment,

1959 to 1 9 6 2 ---------------------------------------------------------------- 19

A p p e n d i c e s :

A. S t a t i s t i c a l t a b l e s ------------------------------------------------------- 25

B. S c o p e a n d m e t h o d of s u r v e y -------------------------------------------- 63

C. Q u e s t i o n n a i r e a n d c o v e r i n g l e t t e r s ---------------------------------- 69

Text tables:

1. O c c u p a t i o n a l d i s t r i b u t i o n o f s c i e n t i f i c and t e c h n i c a l

p e r s o n n e l e m p l o y e d by S t a t e governments, January 1 9 6 2 ------ 6

2. E n g i n e e r s e m p l o y e d by S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t s , b y type of agency,

J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ------------------------------------------------------------ 9

3. L i f e s c i e n t i s t s e m p l o y e d b y S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t s , b y t y p e of

a g e n c y , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 -------------------------------------------------- 11

4. P h y s i c a l s c i e n t i s t s e m p l o y e d by S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t s , b y type

of a g e n c y , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ---------------------------------------------- 13

5. S c i e n t i s t s e m p l o y e d b y S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t s , b y h i g h e s t d e g r e e

h e l d a n d t y p e o f a g e n c y , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 --------------------------- 17

6. S c i e n t i s t s h o l d i n g h e a l t h d e g r e e s , b y t y p e of d e g r e e a n d

S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t a g e n c y , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 --------------------------- 17

7. T e c h n i c i a n s e m p l o y e d by S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t s , b y t y p e o f agency,

January 1 9 6 2 ------------------------------------------------------------ 18

8. C h a n g e i n S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t e m p l o y m e n t , J a n u a r y 1 9 5 9 to

Janu a r y 1 9 6 2 ------------------------------------------------------------ 22

9. C h a n g e i n e m p l o y m e n t of s c i e n t i f i c a n d t e c h n i c a l p e r s o n n e l

in Sta t e gove r n m e n t s , b y o c c u p a t i o n a l group, January 1959

and J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ------------------------------------------------------- 23

Page

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CONTENTS--Continued

A p p e n d i x t a b l e s :

Page

A - 1. E n g i n e e r s , s c i e n t i s t s , a n d t e c h n i c i a n s , b y t y p e of

agency and State, J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 -------------------------------

A- 2. E n g i n e e r s , b y ty p e of a g e n c y a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ------

A- 3. E n g i n e e r s in a l l a g e n c i e s , b y o c c u p a t i o n a n d S t a t e ,

J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 -------------------------------------------------------

A- 4. E n g i n e e r s in h i g h w a y a g e n c i e s , by o c c u p a t i o n and S t ate,

J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 -------------------------------------------------------

A - 5. E n g i n e e r s i n p u b l i c w o r k s a g e n c i e s ( e x c e p t h i g h w a y ) , b y

o c c u p a t i o n and S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 --------------------------

A - 6. E n g i n e e r s in h e a l t h a n d w e l f a r e a g e n c i e s , b y o c c u p a t i o n

and State, Janu a r y 1 9 6 2 ----------------------------------------

A- 7. E n g i n e e r s in a g r i c u l t u r e a n d c o n s e r v a t i o n a g e n c i e s , b y

o c c u p a t i o n a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 --------------------------

A- 8. E n g i n e e r s i n a l l a g e n c i e s , b y p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n a n d S t a t e ,

J a n u a r y 1962-------------------------------------------------------

A - 9. E n g i n e e r s in h i g h w a y a g e n c i e s , b v p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n and

S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ----------------------------------------------

A-10. E n g i n e e r s in public wo r k s agencies (except highway), by

p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ------------------

A-ll. E n g i n e e r s in h e a l t h and w e l f a r e agencies, by pr i m a r y

f u n c t i o n a n d State, Janu a r y 1 9 6 2 ----------------------------

A-12. E n g i n e e r s in agr i c u l t u r e and c o n s e r v a t i o n agencies, by

p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ------------------

A-13. E n g i n e e r s in all agencies, by p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n and

occupation, J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ---------------------------------------

A-14. E n g i n e e r s in h i g h w a y agencies, by p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n and

occupation, J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ---------------------------------------

A-15. E n g i n e e r s in public w o r k s agencies (except highway), by

p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n and occupation, January 1 9 6 2 -----------

A-16. E n g i n e e r s in h e a l t h and w e l f a r e agencies, by p r i m a r y

f u n c t i o n a n d o c c u p a t i o n , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ----------------------

A-17. E n g i n e e r s in a g r i c u l t u r e and c o n s e r v a t i o n agencies, by

p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n and occupation, January 1 9 6 2 -----------

A-18. S c i e n t i s t s in all agencies, by type of agency and State,

January 1 9 6 2 ---------------------------------------- ---------------

A-19. S c i e n t i s t s in all agencies, by o c c u p a t i o n and State,

J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 -------------------------------------------------------

A-20. S c i e n t i s t s in h i g h w a y and pub l i c w o r k s agencies, by

o c c u p a t i o n a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 --------------------------

A-21. S c i e n t i s t s in h e a l t h and w e l f a r e agencies, by o c c u p a t i o n

and State, January 1 9 6 2 ----------------------------------------

26

27

2 8

2 9

3 0

3 1

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

3 8

3 9

39

4 0

4 1

4 2

43

4 4

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CONTENTS--Continued

Appendix tables--Continued

A-22. Scientists in agriculture and conservation agencies, by

occupation and State, January 1962------------------- 45

A-23. Scientists in all agencies, by primary function and State,

January 1962----------------------------------------- 46

A-24. Scientists in highway and public works agencies, by

primary function and State, January 1962------------- 47

A-25. Scientists in health and welfare agencies, by primary

function and State, January 1962--------------------- 48

A-26. Scientists in agriculture and conservation agencies, by

primary function and State, January 1962------------- 49

A-27. Scientists in all agencies, by primary function and

occupation, January 1962----------------------------- 50

A-28. Scientists in highway agencies, by primary function and

occupation, January 1962----------------------------- 50

A-29. Scientists in public works agencies (except highway), by

primary function and occupation, January 1962--------- 51

A-30. Scientists in health and welfare agencies, by primary

function and occupation, January 1962--1------------- 51

A-31. Scientists in agriculture and conservation agencies, by

primary function and occupation, January 1962--------- 52

A-32. Scientists in all agencies, by highest academic degree

and State, January 1962------------------------------ 53

A-33. Scientists with health degrees, by type of degree and

State, January 1962---------------------------------- 54

A-34. Technicians, by type of agency and State, January 1962— 55

A-35. Technicians in all agencies, by occupation and State,

January 1962----------------------------------------- 56

A-36. Technicians in highway agencies, by occupation and

State, January 1962---------------------------------- 57

A-37. Technicians in public works agencies (except highway),

by occupation and State, January 1962---------------- 58

A-38. Technicians in health and welfare agencies, by occupation

and State, January 1962------------------------------ 59

A-39. Technicians in physical health agencies, by occupation

and State, January 1962------------------------------ 60

A-40. Technicians in agriculture and conservation agencies,

by occupation and State, January 1962---------------- 61

A-41. Technicians, scientists and engineers, and ratio of

technicians to scientists and engineers, by type of

agency, January 1962--------------------------------- 62

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1

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

Approximately 48,000 scientists and engineers and 55,500

technicians were employed by agencies within the 50 State

governments in January 1962. Altogether, these workers

accounted for slightly more than 9 percent of all State employees outside State educational institutions. From January

1959 to January 1962, their employment increased nearly 20

percent, growing twice as fast as total State government

employment over the period.

Of the approximately 34,000 engineers, about 88 percent

were civil engineers--most of whom were employed by highway

and public works agencies, combined. Employment of engineers

increased at a slightly higher rate, between 1959 and 1962,

than employment of either scientists or technicians.

Nearly three-fourths of the approximately 14,000 scientists

employed by State agencies were in the life science fields--

biological, agricultural, and medical. About 43 percent of the

4,514 biological scientists worked in fish and game agencies

and 36 percent were in agencies concerned with physical health.

The 4,073 agricultural scientists were concentrated in agencies

concerned with natural resources (54 percent) and in agriculture

agencies (42 percent). Medical scientists, numbering 1,930 were

employed primarily in physical health agencies (65 percent) and

secondarily in mental health agencies (22 percent).

The remaining scientists--accounting for one-fourth of all

scientific personnel--were chemists (1,381), geologists and

geophysicists (898), psychologists (517), mathematicians (448),

and a group of unclassified scientists (274))

One scientist in every 4 was reported to hold an advanced

degree; about 6 percent held the doctorate. Persons whose

highest degree was a bachelor’s or first professional degree

comprised about 60 percent of all scientists. Approximately

14 percent of the scientists had no degree. More than 2,600

scientists held a professional health degree; of these 70

percent were doctors of medicine (M.D.) or doctors of veterinary medicine (D.V.M.).

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Slightly more than one-half of the 55,500 technicians

employed by State government agencies in January 1962 were

classified as engineering technicians, about 22 percent as

surveyors, 12 percent as draftsmen, and 10 percent as medical, agricultural and biological technicians. The remainder

(less than 5 percent) included about 1,000 physical science

aids and about 1,500 technicians who were not classified by

occupation. Employment of engineering and physical science

technicians showed a greater relative increase (24 percent)

between 1959 and 1962 than did other types of technicians.

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PART I

EMPLOYMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PERSONNEL,

JANUARY 1962

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5

EMPLOYMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PERSONNEL,

JANUARY 1962

Approximately 103,500 engineers, scientists, and technicians were employed in January 1962 by the 50 State governments

to carry out a variety of scientific and technical activities in

areas ranging from heavy construction to mental health. About

34,000 of these employees were engineers, 14,000 were scientists,

and 55,500 were technicians. (See table 1.) This group includes

essentially all scientific and technical personnel employed by

State governments in January 1962, except those working for State

educational institutions. 1/ Altogether, they accounted for about

6 percent of all State government employees and about 9 percent

of all State employees outside educational institutions. In contrast, scientific and technical personnel accounted for only about

3 percent of all employment in private industry (excluding agriculture) in January 1962. 2/

The major factors affecting the employment of scientific

and technical personnel by the individual States are the services

undertaken by agencies of each State, and the funds appropriated

for these services. Although the most populous States employed

the greatest numbers of scientific and technical personnel, population affects such employment only indirectly as one of the

influences upon the financial resources available and the expenditures necessary to provide certain services to the citizens of

each State. However, no direct relationship between population

and scientific and technical employment can be assumed.

The detailed data for individual States, shown in the

tables in appendix A, are not necessarily comparable from one

State to another. Distributions of scientific and technical

personnel by occupation and type of agency are affected, for

each State, not only by considerations of major natural resources,

major industries, climate, and other influences on the services

undertaken, but also by State constitutions and laws, policy

1/ See appendix B, Scope and Method of Survey for the

coverage.

2/ Scientific and Technical Personnel in Industry, 1962,

report on a survey conducted by.the U.S. Department of Labor,

Bureau of Labor Statistics (in press).

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Table 1. Occupational distribution of scientific and technical

personnel employed by State governments, January 1962

Occupational group Number Percent

All groups............... 103,530 100.0

Engineers........................ 33,994 32.8

Civil engineers................ 30,047 29.0

Other engineers................ 3,947 3.8

Scientists....................... 14,035 13.6

Biological scientists.......... 4,514 4.4

Agricultural scientists........ 4,073 3.9

Medical scientists............. 1,930 1.9

Chemists....................... 1,381 1.3

Geologists and geophysicists.... 898 .9

Psychologists.................. 517 .5

Mathematicians................. 448 .4

Other scientists............... 274 .3

Technicians...................... 55,501 53.6

Engineering technicians........ 28,343 27.4

Surveyors...................... 12,240 11.8

Draftsmen...... ................ 6,684 6.4

Medical, agricultural, and

biological technicians....... 5,671 5.5

Physical science technicians.... 1,030 1.0

Other technicians.............. 1,533 1.5

1/ See questionnaire reproduced in appendix C for definitions

of occupations used in this survey.

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decisions, choices of organizational structure, and other

factors. For example, some States prefer to contract to

consulting or other firms work which, in other States, is

performed by personnel--including scientists, engineers,

and technicians--on State payrolls. The assignment of

responsibilities to agencies may also follow different

patterns in the various States. Examples of the effect

of choices of organization are departments of water supply

variously reported as part of public works agencies or of

natural resources agencies, and food and drug laws enforced

by health agencies or by agricultural agencies.

To assist State officials in reporting employment of

scientific and technical personnel, definitions were provided for most of the occupations. Personnel were classified

as engineers if they were engaged in engineering work at a

level requiring knowledge of the field equivalent at least

to that acquired through completion of a 4-year college course.

Scientists were defined in a parallel manner. Technicians weie

described as workers engaged in activities requiring a knowledge of engineering or science comparable to that acquired

through about 2 years of post-high school training. The definitions of the occupations covered in this report, as well as

other terms used in the survey, are reproduced in appendix C.

Data for January 1962 on the numbers employed in each

scientific and technical occupational group, the functions

performed, and the agency of employment are presented in summary form in the sections of this report which follow. For a

somewhat more descriptive account of the activities of scientific and technical personnel in the various State agencies,

see the report on a similar survey conducted in 1959. 3/

ENGINEERS

State governments reported employment of 33,994 engineers

in January 1962. Of these, 30,047 (about 88 percent) were reported as civil engineers, a group which also included sanitary,

construction, architectural, structural, highway, and other

related specialties. The remaining 3,947 included all other

types of engineers employed by State governments.

3/ Employment of Scientific and Technical Personnel in

State Government Agencies, Report on a 1959 Survey, NSF 61-17,

prepared for the National Science Foundation by the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Available from the

Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,

Washington, D.C. 20402 (price 45 cents).

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The distribution of engineers- by type of agency is shown

in table 2. Civil engineers were concentrated in highway

agencies (93 percent). Most of these engineers planned,

designed, and supervised the construction of highways, public

buildings, dams, and other new public works, but some were

concerned with maintenance and repair. The "other" engineers

were also concentrated in highway and public works agencies,

though to a lesser degree.

Survey respondents were asked to classify their scientific

and technical employees according to primary activity or function performed. The engineers employed by State governments

were distributed by function as follows:

Engineers

All Civil Other

All functions i/..... ___100.0 100.0 100.0

Operations and services.... ___47.0 48.4 37.3

Planning.................. ___25.9 26.5 21.4

Inspection................ ___ 18.4 17.5 24.8

Research.................. ___ 2.3 2.0 4.1

Other functions........... ___ 6.4 5.6 12.4

1/ For definitions of functions see questionnaire reproduced in appendix C.

Nearly two-thirds of all engineers were classified by

their agencies as primarily engaged in the combined areas

of operations and services and inspection. Together, these

functions comprise the technical activities related to the

regular operation of government programs including the enforcement of laws, regulations, and standards, and cover

most of the on-going, day-by-day, technical business of the

State governments. About one-quarter of the engineers, however, were primarily engaged in planning, which includes

technical activity concerned with initiating or improving

programs, policies, legislation, and standards, and which is

concerned with activities of the future. Another 2 percent

of the engineers were engaged in research to advance scientific knowledge in the natural sciences and engineering, also

a function that looks largely to the future. The State governments employed about 2 engineers primarily engaged in planning

or research for every 5 employed in all other functions.

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Table 2. Engineers employed by State governments, by type of

agency, January 1962

(Percent distribution)

Agency

Engineers

All Civil ^ Other

All agencies: Number.... 33,994 30,047 3,947

Percent... 100.0 100.0 100.0

Highway and public works.... 90.5 94.4 61.0

Highway................... 88.4 92.8 55.0

Public works.............. 2.1 1.6 6.0

Health and welfare.......... 3.7 2.9 9.7

Physical health........... 3.3 2.8 7.0

Mental health............. .2 (3/) 1.5

Welfare................... .2 .1 1.2

Agriculture and conservation. 2.5 1.7 8.9

Natural resources......... 2.1 1.3 8.0

Pish and game............ . .3 .3 .4

Agriculture............... .1 .1 .5

Other agencies.............. 3.3 1.0 20.4

l/ Includes sanitary, construction, architectural, structural,

highway, and other related specialties.

2/ Includes all engineering specialties not classified as

civil engineering.

3/ Less than 0.05 percent.

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Detailed data on the employment of engineers by type of

agency, occupation, and by function for each State are presented in the tables in appendix A.

SCIENTISTS

Scientists employed by State governments in January 1962

numbered 14,035 or about 14 percent of all scientific and

technical employment in State agencies. About 7 out of 10

of these employees were life scientists and most of the

remainder were physical scientists. This distribution is

the reverse of that for scientific employment in private

industry where physical scientists far outnumber other types

of scientists.

Unlike engineers, who were employed almost exclusively in

highway and public works agencies, scientists were concentrated

in agriculture and conservation (53 percent) and in health and

welfare agencies (36 percent). The types of services performed

by these agencies determine their need for scientists in certain fields of specialization.

Life Scientists

The three largest scientific occupational groups employed

by State governments in January 1962 were biological scientists (4,514), agricultural scientists (4,073), and medical

scientists (1,930). 4/ Together, these groups comprise all

scientists dealing with life processes— plant, animal, or

human.

The concentrations of life scientists by type of employing

agency were very marked, with sharp differences among occupational groups. (See table 3.) Biological scientists were

reported chiefly by fish and game agencies and physical health

agencies, agricultural scientists by natural resources and

agriculture agencies, and medical scientists by health agencies.

No life scientists were reported by highway or public works

agencies.

4/ Persons primarily engaged in patient treatment and care

were excluded from the survey. See questionnaire reproduced in

appendix C for definitions of the occupations used in this survey.

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Table 3. Life scientists employed by State governments, try type

of agency, January 1962

(Percent distribution)

Life scientists

Agency

All Biological

AgriculturalMedical

All agencies: Number.... 10,517 4,514 4,073 1,930

Percent... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Agriculture and conservation. 62.7 58.4 96.3 1.8

Natural resources......... 24.1 7.9 53.5 u / >

Agriculture............... 19.6 7.3 41.5 1.8

Fish and game............. 19.0 43.2 1.3 (i />

Health and welfare.......... 34.8 39.0 1.9 94.5

Physical health........... 27.8 36.0 1.2 64.9

Mental health............. 5.1 2.6 (2/) 21.6

Welfare................... 1.9 .4 7 8.0

Other agencies.............. 2.5 2.6 1.8 3.7

l/ None reported.

2/ Less than 0.05 percent.

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Life scientists were also markedly concentrated by function, as shown in the following tabulation:

Life Scientists

All’

Biological

Agricultural Medical

All functions... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Operations and

services......... 53.3 45.0 62.4 53.7

Inspection......... 17.7 14.3 25.5 9.3

Research........... 15.5 27.8 2.2 14.6

Planning........... 9.7 9.2 5.7 19.4

Other functions.... 3.8 3.7 4.2 3.0

As with engineers, most life scientists were concerned with

their agencies' regular operations. Unlike engineers, however,

a substantial proportion of the biological scientists and of the

medical scientists were engaged in research. The proportion of

life scientists engaged in planning activities was materially

less than that of engineers so engaged.

Detailed data on the employment of life scientists by type

of agency, occupation, and by function for each State are presented in the tables in appendix A.

Physical Scientists

State government agencies reported employment of 2,727

physical scientists in January 1962--1,381 chemists, 898

geologists and geophysicists, and 448 mathematicians. 5 / The

distribution of these scientists by type of agency is shown in

table 4.

5/ It is likely that some physical scientists were also

included among the 274 unclassified scientists. It is believed,

for example, that a small number of physicists and metallurgists

were included in the unclassified category. On the other hand,

it is recognized that all mathematicians are not closely allied

with the physical sciences.

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Table 4. Physical scientists employed by State governments, by

type of agency, January 1962

(Percent distribution)

Physical scientists

Agency

All Chemists

Geologists

and geophysicists

Mathematicians

All agencies: Number... 2,727 1,381 898 448

Percent.. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Agriculture and conservation. 30.7 28.0 45.8 8.9

Natural resources......... 1 16.0 1.5 45.5 2.0

Agriculture............... 13.8 25.7 .1 4.4

Fish and game............. .9 .8 .2 2.5

Health and welfare.......... 28.7 45.8 (1/) 33.7

Physical health........... 26.0 44.1 ci/) 21.9

Mental health............. 1.5 1.7 (I/) 4.2

Welfare................... 1.2 (!/) (i/) 7.6

Highway and public works.... 25.9 16.3 42.5 22.1

Highway................... 23.1 14.4 37.4 21.0

Public works.............. 2.8 1.9 5.1 1.1

O

Other agencies.............. 14.7 9.9 11.7 35.3

l/ None reported.

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As with engineers and the life science specialists, each

of the three physical science occupational groups showed marked

concentration in particular types of agencies.. Agencies concerned with physical health, agriculture, and highways employed

84 percent of all the chemists. Natural resource agencies and

highway agencies employed 83 percent of the geologists and geophysicists.

Mathematicians were the only occupational group heavily

concentrated (35 percent) in the miscellaneous or ,,othern

agencies category. About two-fifths of the mathematicians--

many of them actuaries--in the "other" agencies category were

employed in agencies dealing with insurance matters. The

remainder of the mathematicians were employed by a wide variety

of types of agencies, but with the largest number in physical

health and highway agencies.

The distribution of physical

performed is shown below:

All

All functions...... 100.0

Operations and services. 33.2

Research............... 28.6

Inspection............. 22.8

Planning............... 11.5

Other functions........ 3.9

scientists by primary function

Physical scientists

Geologists

Chemists and geo­ Mathemaphysicists ticians

100.0 100.0 100.0

31.6 35.2 34.1

23.0 37.2 28.6

37.7 10.0 2.9

4.4 15.4 25.7

3.3 2.2 8.7

Around a third of each occupational group was engaged in

operations and service activities in January 1962. The proportion of chemists primarily engaged in inspection activities,

chiefly in agriculture and health agencies, was the highest for

any occupational group in the survey. Geologists and geophysicists made up the only occupational group in the survey for

whom research was the major function.

Detailed data on the employment of physical scientists by

type of agency, occupation, and by function for each State are

presented in the tables in appendix A.

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Psychologists

There were 517 psychologists employed by State agencies in

January 1962. This number does not include psychologists engaged primarily in the care and treatment of patients.

Psychologists were more concentrated in a single type of

agency than any other occupational group except civil engineers

and agricultural scientists. As shown below, nearly half the

psychologists were employed by mental health agencies.

Percent

All agencies...... 100.0

Health and welfare........ 88.6

Mental health........ 48.2

Physical health...... 24.2

Welfare................. 16.2

Other agencies............ 11.4

About 3 out of 5 psychologists were engaged in operations and

services and 1 out of 5 was engaged in research.

The distribution of psychologists by function was as follows

Percent

All functions........ 100.0

Operations and services..... 63.2

Research.................... 21.5

Planning.................... 8.9

Inspection.................. .6

Other functions............. 5.8

Degrees Held by Scientists

This survey obtained for the first time data on the degrees

held by scientists employed by State government agencies. The

data, summarized in tables 5 and 6, include the numbers of

scientists by highest degree, and the numbers of scientists

holding health degrees by type of degree. Detailed data by

State are presented in the tables in appendix A.

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About 14 percent of the 14,035 scientists employed by State

governments in January 1962 were reported to hold no degree

(table 5). This compares with approximately 40 percent of State

employed engineers who held no degree. 6/ Close to two-thirds

of the scientists without a degree were in agriculture and conservation agencies; about 40 percent of these were reported by

California agencies and about 9 percent by Michigan agencies as

working primarily in forest management.

TECHNICIANS

State government agencies employed 55,501 technicians in

January 1962. Employment was reported separately for 5 occupational groups--engineering technicians; surveyors; draftsmen;

medical, agricultural, and biological technicians; physical

science technicians--and a residual group of "other” technicians who were not further classified. The distribution of

technician employment by type of agency for each occupational

group is shown in table 7.

About 85 percent of all technicians were classified in

three occupational groups; engineering technicians (51 percent),

surveyors (22 percent), and draftsmen (12 percent). These

groups were concentrated very heavily (91 percent or more) in

highway agencies.

The medical, agricultural, and biological technicians were

divided equally between agriculture and conservation agencies

and health and welfare agencies, with a very small number reported by "other" agencies. About half of the physical science

technicians were reported by highway agencies, and most of the

remainder were employed in natural resource agencies and in

physical health agencies in approximately the same numbers.

Most technicians act as assistants to scientists or engineers. Overall, there were about 115 workers for every 100

scientists and engineers employed by State agencies in 1962.

This is a much higher ratio than in private industry, where

there are only 69 technicians per 100 scientists and engineers,

on the average. However, only in highway agencies did the Stateemployed technicians exceed the number of scientists and engineers (149 to 100). In health and welfare agencies, the average

was 54 technicians per 100 scientists and engineers, and in

agriculture and conservation agencies, it was 48 per 100.

6/ Data on the educational attainment of engineers were

collected in the 1959 survey. See footnote 3.

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Table 5. Scientists employed by State governments, by highest degree

held and type of agency, January 1962

(Percent distribution)

Agency

All

scientists

Ph.D.

degree

Master’s

degree

Bachelor’s

or first

professional

degree l/

No

degree

All agencies: Number... 14,035 887 2,765 8,463 1,920

Percent.. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Highway and public works... 5.9 1.1 3.5 7.4 4.9

Health and welfare........ 35.5 58.0 45.2 31.7 27.8

Agriculture and conservation. 53.1 27.4 43.1 56.2 65.4

Other agencies............ 5.5 13.5 8.2 4.7 1.9

1/ Includes M.D., D.D.S., D.V.M., and other professional health

degrees.

Table 6. Scientists holding health degrees, by type of degree and

State government agency, January 1962

(Percent distribution)

Agency

All

scientists

with

health

degrees

M.D. D.V.M. D.D.S. Other

All agencies: Number... 2,640 1,093 793 202 552

Percent.. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Health and welfare........ 67.6 98.2 7.9 82.7 87.2

Agriculture and conservation. 31.1 (1/) 90.8 17.3 12.1

Other agencies............ 1.3 1.8 1.3 ci/) .7

l/ None reported.

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Table 7. Technicians employed by State governments, by type of agency, January 1962

(Percent distribution)

Agency

All

technicians

Engineering

techniciansSurveyors Draftsmen

Medical,

agricultural , and

biological

technicians

Physical

science

technicians

Other

All agencies: Number.... 55,501 28,343 12,240 6,684 5,671 1,030 1,533

Percent... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Highway and public works... 84.0 95.9 98.6 92.8 Cl/) 49.3 40.9

Highway................. 82.7 94.5 98.3 91.1 d/) 49.0 31.6

Public works.... ........ 1.3 1.4 .3 1.7 ci/) .3 9.3

Agriculture and conservation. 7.2 1.1 1.2 3.7 49.0 18.4 20.4

Natural resources........ 3.1 1.0 1.0 3.3 13.0 14.5 14.4

Agriculture............. 2.2 (1/) (1/) . 1 20.0 3.9 3.2

Fish and game............ 1.9 .1 .2 .3 16.0 (1/) 2.8

Health and welfare.......... 6.1 .5 (1/) ci/) 49.5 21.2 14.9

Physical health.......... 4.4 .4 a/) a/) 36.4 16.5 7.2

Mental health............ 1.1 Cl/) C V ) Cl/) 8.9 2.5 5.5

Welfare................. .6 .1 CV) (T/) 4.2 2.2 2.2

Other agencies............. 2.7 2.5 . 2 3.5 1.5 11.1 23.8

l / Less than 0.05 percent.

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PART II

CHANGES IN SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL EMPLOYMENT,

1959 to 1962

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CHANGES IN SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL EMPLOYMENT, 1959 to 1962

Scientific and technical employment in State government

agencies in January 1962 was nearly 20 percent greater than

in January 1959. This represents an average annual rate of

increase of slightly more than 6 percent over the 3-year

period; this is not to suggest, however, that the growth rate

was even over the period.

Table 8 compares the growth in employment of scientists,

engineers, and technicians with the overall growth in State

government employment. Since the survey did not cover scientific and technical employment in State educational agencies,

comparison is also made with total State employment excepting

that in educational institutions. During the 3-year period

under consideration, noneducational State government employment increased nearly 7 percent--about 2.3 percent per year,

on the average. This annual rate is somewhat less than twofifths of the rate of growth shown by scientific and technical

employment only.

Table 9 presents data reported for January 1959 and that

reported for January 1962 by broad occupational classes. The

changes in employment by detailed occupation are the net result

of widely diverse changes reported by individual States for the

two periods. Because it has not been practical to recontact each

reporting agency to investigate the reasons for the changes, no

assessment can be made of the relative influences of changes in

personnel classification, changes in the interpretation of definitions, and true changes in the numbers of persons working in

the different occupational categories. Nevertheless, changes in

the size of the gross groupings shown in table 9 are believed to

reasonably represent the correct order of magnitude.

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Table 8. Change in State government employment, January 1959

to January 1962

Number

Employee group January

1959

January

1962

Percent

change

All State government

employment l/............ 1,533,000 1,686,400 10.0

State employment, except

educational l/............... 1,048,300 1,120,900 6.9

All scientific and technical

employees 2/............... 86,246 103,013 19.4

Engineers..................

Scientists 2/..............

Technicians................

28,172

11,276

46,798

33,994

13,518

55,501

20.7

19.9

18.6

l/ Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor

Statistics, Employment and Earnings Statistics for the United

States, 1909-62 (Bulletin 1312-1, 1963) .

2/ Psychologists are excluded because a change in definition resulted in noncomparable data for 1959 and 1962.

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Table 9. Change in employment of scientific and technical

personnel in State governments, by occupational group,

January 1959 and January 1962

Occupational group

Number

Percent

January change

1959

January

1962

All scientific and technical

occupations 1/.............. 86,246 103,013 19.4

Engineers.......................... 28,172 33,994 20.7

Civil engineers..................

Other engineers..................

26,082

2,090

30,047

3,947

15.2

88.8

Scientists l/...................... 11,276 13,518 19.9

Life scientists..................

Other scientists.................

8,846

2,430

10,517

3,001

18.9

23.5

Technicians.................... „. . . 46,798 55,501 18.6

Engineering and physical science

technicians....................

Other technicians................

23,781

23,017

29,373

26,128

23.5

13.5

1 / Psychologists are excluded because a change in definition

resulted in noncomparable data for 1959 and 1962.

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APPENDIX A

STATISTICAL TABLES

Most of the tables included in this appepdix present data

for each State. However, caution is urged in making State-byState comparisons of employment without acquiring an intimate

knowledge of individual State programs, practices, and classification systems. For example, wide differences exist in the

types of programs undertaken by States in any given year, in

practices such as the hiring of scientific and technical workers

or the use of outside consulting services, and in functions performed by agencies with similar names or by personnel with the

same occupational titles. Although State tables are presented

by region for the reader’s convenience, statistics by region are

not likely to be comparable, for the reasons cited.

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Table A-l. Engineers, scientists, and technicians, by type of agency and State, January 1962

State All

agencies

Highway and public works Health and welfare Agriculture and conservation

Total Highway

Public

works Total

Physical

health

Mental

health Welfare Total

Fish

and

game

Agriculture

Natural

resources

Other

agencies

103,530 78,199 76,670 1,529 9,638 7,404 1,521 713 12,292 3,159 3,710 5,423 3,401

Northeast......... 20,331 14,594 14,225 369 2,619 1,833 571 215 1,926 264 552 1,110 1,192

Connecticut..... 1,463 1,204 1,180 24 159 80 68 11 61 3 58 __ 39

Maine........... 716 429 412 17 100 64 36 -- 180 51 44 85 7

Massachusetts.... 2,493 1,766 1,766 -- 525 326 191 8 154 43 4 107 53

New Hampshire..... 444 360 354 6 44 44 -- -- 32 22 3 7 8

New Jersey...... 1,800 1,132 1,112 20 353 218 32 103 216 45 26 145 99

New York........ 6,761 4,464 4,464 — 749 744 — 5 731 — 265 466 817

Pennsylvania.... 5,652 4,629 4,352 277 415 185 228 2 463 81 123 259 145

Rhode Island.... 467 266 254 12 150 89 12 49 39 14 16 9 12

Vermont........ . 530 344 331 13 124 83 4 37 50 5 13 32 12

Middle west....... 23,638 18,168 17,972 196 1,950 1,295 563 92 2,649 316 720 1,613 871

Illinois........ 3,033 2,366 2,359 7 230 211 __ 19 101 24 31 46 341

Indiana......... 1,316 878 849 29 273 178 91 4 100 — — 100 65

Iowa............ 1,479 1,222 1,213 9 39 35 4 — 210 — 33 177 8

Kansas.......... 1,633 1,397 1,369 28 71 67 -- 4 156 13 64 79 14

Michigan....... . 3,629 2,765 2,738 27 324 228 92 4 452 — 107 345 88

Minnesota...... . 2,294 1,696 1,696 -- 162 94 47 21 391 86 71 234 45

Missouri........ 2,145 1,798 1,798 — 91 90 — 1 173 74 65 34 83

Nebraska........ 1,014 801 786 15 72 31 19 22 78 47 12 19 63

North Dakota.... 570 339 327 12 83 78 5 — 145 24 103 18 3

Ohio............ 4,323 3,414 3,362 52 430 125 305 — 441 — 94 347 38

South Dakota...... 261 139 123 16 25 25 __ 91 48 30 13 6

Wisconsin........ 1,931 1,353 1,352 1 150 133 — 17 311 110 201 117

South............. 33,778 27,136 26,548 588 3,128 2,677 140 311 2,886 656 1,089 1,141 628

Alabama........ . 2,798 2,449 2,423 26 142 128 14 m m 172 40 41 91 35

Arkansas........ 733 546 546 — 31 31 .. — 130 20 75 35 26

Delaware........ 291 234 234 __ 26 23 3 «_ 29 6 10 13 2

Florida......... 1,833 1,062 1,049 13 342 338 1 3 376 37 203 136 53

Georgia......... 2,451 2,156 2,156 _ 184 177 — 7 63 25 27 11 48

Kentucky........ 2,379 1,867 1,842 25 185 126 9 50 284 60 2 222 43

Louisiana....... 2,401 2,052 1,743 309 150 150 .. .. 176 71 62 43 23

Maryland....... . 1,478 1,131 1,084 47 269 194 75 -- 50 10 — 40 28

Mi ss is si pp i. ..... 1,350 1,068 1,055 13 14 14 223 11 75 137 45

North Carolina.... 2,024 1,582 1,537 45 191 191 __ __ 220 40 128 52 31

Oklahoma........ 612 423 411 1? 121 106 6 9 41 __ 11 30 27

South Carolina.... 1,369 1,071 1,068 3 99 70 28 1 134 17 56 61 65

Tennessee....... 2,461 1,939 1,938 1 353 349 3 1 160 73 33 54 9

Texas........... 6,900 5,908 5,840 68 613 389 __ 224 247 100 121 26 132

Virginia........ 3,438 2,605 2,587 18 383 383 __ __ 415 58 236 121 35

West Virginia.... 1,260 1,043 1,035 8 25 8 1 16 166 88 9 69 26

Far West.......... 25,783 18,301 17,925 376 1,941 1,599 247 95 4,831 1,923 1,349 1,559 710

Alaska.......... 635 353 334 19 111 110 1 159 110 49 12

Arizona......... 823 644 639 5 71 71 _ 101 56 29 16 7

California..... . 13,059 9,692 9,692 — 765 548 192 25 2,165 773 649 743 437

Colorado....... . 1,077 816 745 71 61 61 __ .. 170 36 122 12 30

H a w a i i............ . 863 398 351 47 303 264 38 1 153 33 97 23 9

Idaho........... 759 364 357 7 74 67 7 .. 321 71 219 31 „

Montana......... 993 815 789 26 29 29 __ __ 143 42 61 40 6

Nevada.......... 575 428 411 17 35 26 9 -- 94 48 21 25 18

New Mexico.... .. 838 672 612 60 73 67 _ 6 86 36 34 16 7

Oregon.......... 2,053 1,214 1,160 54 95 87 .. 8 602 247 40 315 142

Utah............ 959 763 711 52 41 40 __ 1 149 137 _ _ 12 6,

Washington...... 2,285 1,484 1,482 2 266 218 48 499 193 41 265 36r

Wyoming........ . 864 658 642 16 17 11 — 6 189 141 36 12 —

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Table A-2. Engineers, by type of agency and State, January 1962

State All

agencies

Highway and public works Health and welfare Agriculture and conservation

Total Highway

Public

works Total

Physical

health

. Mental

health) Welfares Total

Fish

and

game

, Agri-

* culture

Natural

» re-'

sources

Other

agencies

Total...... 33,994 30,775 30,048 727 1,257 1,119 72 66 854 109 39 706 1,108

Northeast......... 7,846 6,840 6,662 178 373 317 41 15 245 21 — 224 388

Connecticut..... 643 628 613 15 9 8 1 1 1 m m 5

Maine......... 299 270 258 12 14 12 2 10 3 .. 7 5

Massachusetts... 772 685 685 _ 39 32 7 .. 6 __ 6 42

New Hampshire... 342 328 322 6 13 13 — .. 1 1 .. — _

New Jersey...... 1,064 909 893 16 55 46 -- 9 56 1 — 55 44

New York...... 3,084 2,658 2,658 — 122 120 .. 2 67 _ 67 237

Pennsylvania.•.. 1,237 981 870 Ill 106 74 32 102 15 .. 87 48

Rhode Island.... 107 93 86 7 9 8 1 1 .. 1 4

Vermont.••••.••• 298 288 277 11 6 4 — 2 1 — — 1 3

Middle West.•••••• 7,257 6,531 6,433 98 326 295 17 14 171 17 19 135 229

Illinois........ 1,550 1,441 1,438 3 45 39 __ 6 8 m m __ 8 56

Indiana..... . . 474 418 400 18 38 37 1 .. 8 _ _ 8 10

Iowa...... ... • 347 310 308 2 24 22 2 10 _ 10 3

Kansas..... •. • • 467 413 399 14 20 16 _ 4 27 — 18 9 7

Michigan...... 975 852 835 17 58 49 8 1 17 .. 1 16 48

Minnesota.•••••• 592 508 508 .. 25 25 .. .. 39 1 .. 38 20

Missouri..... 794 758 758 .. 20 20 .. 8 6 .. 2 8

Nebraska..... 279 253 249 4 5 5 .. __ 10 7 3 11

North Dakota..., 168 155 148 7 8 7 1 .. 3 «_ _ 3 2

Ohio..... ••••• 896 826 802 24 44 39 5 .. 13 — 13 13

South Dakota.... 76 64 56 8 7 7 -- 3 *3 .. 2

Wisconsin,•••••• 639 533 532 1 32 29 — 3 25 -- — 25 49

South............ 8,868 8,170 7,950 220 329 283 14 32 140 18 20 102 229

Alabama......... 531 499 495 4 19 17 2 _ _ 8 ... 8 5

Arkansas..•••••• 177 160 160 __ 9 9 _ u. 2 2 — 6

Delaware...... 70 64 64 __ 4 4 _ _ 2 -- — 2 _

Florida........ 642 587 578 9 44 42 __ 2 5 4 1 6

Georgia. ...... . 920 898 898 — 14 14 — — 5 — — 5 3

Kentucky.... . 711 657 632 25 27 21 1 5 11 1 — 10 16

Louisiana..... 546 495 415 80 12 12 .. — 28 2 — 26 11

Maryland........ 560 516 495 21 29 27 2 — 6 4 — 2 9

Mississippi.•••• 247 225 215 10 7 7 -- -- 3 1 i 1 1 12

North Carolina.. 821 732 705 27 28 28 — -- 44 1 15 28 17

Oklahoma. ..... . 168 137 130 7 14 7 6 1 3 — -- 3 14

South Carolina,. 877 825 823 2 16 14 1 1 — _ — — 36

Tennessee.••••.. 332 303 303 _ 24 22 1 1 5 1 _ 4 ..

Texas....... .. 1,393 1,259 1,235 24 63 41 -- 22 4 2 -- 2 67

Virginia........ 745 697 691 6 16 16 .. _ 9 4 — 5 23

West Virginia... 128 116 111 5 3 2 1 — 5 — — 5 4

Far West........ 10,023 9,234 9,003 231 229 224 — 5 298 53 - 245 262

Alaska....••••• 256 234 225 9 6 6

_ _ 11 3_ a 5

Arizona..... .. 116 92 87 5 10 10 — .. 12 4 — 8 2

California..... 6,027 5,559 5,559 __ 120 119 __ 1 137 5 __ 132 211

Colorado.•••••.. 408 380 327 53 10 10 __ .. 13 3 .. 10 5

Hawaii........ 192 181 150 31 9 8 .. 1 .. — — 2

Idaho...•••••••• 116 107 100 7 5 5 — _ 4 2 — 2 —

Montana••••.... 319 307 297 10 7 7 -- 1 — — 1 4

Nevada........ 187 167 159 8 4 4 — — 13 3 — 10 3

New Mexico.••••• 112 92 61 31 6 6 12 .. — 12 2

Oregon........ 724 658 617 41 23 22 — 1 26 12 — 14 17

Utah.......... 236 228 202 26 4 3 .. 1 3 1 -- 2 1

Washington..... 1,080 988 986 2 21 20 -- 1 61 19 — 42 10

Wyoming......... 250 241 233 8 4 4 — -- 5 1 — 4

Digitized for FRASER 

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
2 8

T a b l e A-3. E n g i n e e r s i n a l l age n c i e s , b y o c c u p a t i o n a n d State, J a n u a r y 1962

All Civil Other

State engineers engineers engineers

Total............ ............ . 33.994 30,047 3.947

Northeast. ...... ..................... .. 7,846 6,503 1,343

Connecticut....... ....... . 643 621 22

Maine.................................. 299 215 84

Massachusetts.......................... 772 750 22

New Hampshire............ 342 326 16

New Jersey..................... ........ 1,064 677 387

New York..............••.... 3,084 2,724 360

Pennsylvania........................... . 1,237 952 285

Rhode Island......................... . 107 93 14

Vermont....•••••........ 298 145 153

Middle West.*............................. 7,257 6,799 458

Illinois.............. •••••••••••••••••• 1,550 1,493 57

Indiana. ........ ...................... 474 455 19

Iowa................. ................. 347 338 9

Kansas........... ............ ......... 467 441 26

Michigan................... ........... . 975 839 136

Minnesota.......... ........ ........... 592 534 58

Missouri............. ......... ........ 794 782 12

Nebraska. ... ........ .................. 279 269 10

North Dakota............. ...... •••••••• 168 160 8

Ohio................................... 896 833 63

South Dakota.............. ............. 76 60 16

Wisconsin. ......... •••••••••••••••••••••• 639 595 44

South.... .......••••••••••• 8,868 8,255 613

Alabama...................... ....... . 531 518 13

Arkansas.......... ••••••••••••••••••••••• 177 170 7

Delaware.................... •••••.... . 70 68 2

Florida................................ 642 619 23

Georgia............ ......... .......... 920 913 7

Kentucky..................... ••••••••••• 711 671 40

Louisiana...................... ...... . 546 458 88

Maryland........... .................... 560 500 60

Mississippi.......... ................... 247 161 86

North Carolina.......... ............ . 821 771 50

Oklahoma.... ..... ...................... 168 141 27

South Carolina.••••••....••••....... . 877 829 48

Tennessee................................ 332 326 6

Texas.. ••••••••. ................ . 1,393 1,302 91

Virginia............. ••••••••••••••..... 745 697 48

West Virginia..........•••••...... •••••• 128 111 17

Far West................................. 10,023 8,490 1,533

Alaska.••••••••..••••••••••••••••••••.... 256 244 12

Arizona........................••••••••• 116 92 24

California............. •••••........... 6,027 5,225 802

Colorado................. ••••••••••••••• 408 103 305

Hawaii.................... ....... . 192 181 11

Idaho............... ••••••••••••••••••••• 116 105 11

Montana...•••••••••••••••••••••••....•••• 319 82 237

Nevada.........•••••••...... ....... •••• 187 174 13

New Mexico.............................. 112 80 32

Oregon................. ........ ...... . 724 695 29

Utah................................... 236 217 19

Washington..................... ........ 1,080 1,046 34

Wyoming........................ ........ 250 246 4

Digitized for FRASER 

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
2 9

T a b l e A - 4 . E n g i n e e r s in h i g h w a y a g e n c i e s , b y o c c u p a t i o n a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2

Al 1 Civi 1 Other

State engineers engineers engineers

Total............................ 30,048 27,878 2,170

Northeast................ ................ 6.662 5.809 853

Connect i cut............. ................ 613 613

Maine........ .......................... 258 193 65

Massachusetts......................... . 685 669 16

New Hampsh ire............. ........... .. 322 319 3

New Jersey.......... ........ . 893 597 296

New York............ .......... . 2,658 2,500 158

Pennsylvania........... ............. . 870 708 162

Rhode Island..................... . 86 76 10

Vermont............ . 277 134 143

Middle West.............................. 6,433 6,299 134

Illinois............................... 1,438 1,418 20

Indiana.......... ...... .............. .. 400 397 3

Iowa......................... . 308 308 —

Kansas................................. 399 391 8

Michigan.............................. 835 766 69

Minnesota.................. ............ 508 503 5

Missouri...................... ......... 758 755 3

Nebraska..................... .......... 249 249 —

North Dakota.............. .............. 148 143 5

Ohio................................... 802 788 14

South Dakota.................. ......... 56 50 6

Wisconsin............... ........ ...... 532 531 1

South....................... ...... ...... 7,950 7,735 215

Alabama......................... ....... 495 495 _

Arkansas................... ............ *60 159 1

Delaware................................ 64 64 —

Florida............... ........ ...... . 578 573 5

Georgia........ ............. ........... 898 898 —

Kentucky.............................. 632 616 16

Louisiana................... ........... 415 373 42

Maryland..................... ........ .. 495 464 31

Mississippi...................... ...... 215 137 78

North Caro 1 i na............. . 705 704 1

Oklahoma............. .................. 130 130 —

South Carol ina.............. ........... 823 816 7

Tennessee.................. ............ 303 303 —

Texas.............. ..................... 1,235' 1,235 —

Virginia..................... .......... 691 666 25

West Virginia........................... III 102 9

Far West................................. 9.003 8.035 968

Alaska.............. ................ 225 225

Arizona..................... ......... .. 87 86 1

Ca 1 i f orn i a ........ ........ ..... ...... 5,559 5,096 463

Colorado.............. .......... ....... 327 50 277

Hawa I i................. .......... ..... 150 15Q —

Idaho............. ............. ....... 100 98 2

Montana................................ 297 72 225

Nevada..................... ............ 159 159 —

New Mexico............................. 61 61 —

Oregon............ '.................... 617 617 —

Utah................................... 202 202 —

Wash i ngton............................ .. 986 986 —

Wyoming................................ 233 233

Digitized for FRASER 

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
3 0

T a b l e A - 5 « E n g i n e e r s in p u b l i c w o r k s a g e n c i e s ( e x c e p t h i g h w a y ) , b y o c c u p a t i o n a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2

State

Al 1

engineers

Ci vi 1

engineers

Other

engi neers

Tota 1............................. 727 489 238

Northeast............... ....... ........... 178 104 74

Connect i cut......................... . 15 3 12

Maine.................................... 12 5 7

Massachusetts....................... ..... — — —

New Hampshire.............. .............. 6 3 3

New Jersey...................... ...... . 16 6 10

New York............................. — —

Pennsylvania.............. ............... 1 1 1 75 36

Rhode Island.................. ........... 7 6 l

Vermont....................... ........... II 6 5

Middle West................................ 98 62 36

Illinois................................. 3 1 2

Indiana............................... . 18 16 2

Iowa..................................... 2 2 —

Kansas............................ ...... 14 1 1 3

Michigan..................... ............ 17 5 12

Minnesota.............................. . — — —

Missouri................. ............ . — — —

Nebraska................................ . 4 4 —

North Dakota......... ......... ....... . 7 7 —

Ohio..................................... 24 10 14

South Dakota.............................. 8 5 3

Wisconsin..................................... I I —

South....... .............................. 220 169 51

Alabama............................. . 4 2 2

Arkansas..................... . — — —

De 1 aware.................................. —•* —

Florida.................................. 9 3 6

Georgia............. ........ ............ — — —

Kentucky................................. 25 15 10

Louisiana................................. 80 72 8

Maryland............ ..................... 21 13 8

Mississippi.............. ....... ........ 10 10 —

North Carol ina............................ 27 19 8

Oklahoma.................................. 7 5 2

South Carolina........... ..... .......... 2 I 1

Tennessee................................. — — —

Texas.............................. 24 20 4

Virginia........................ . 6 6 —

West Virginia............................. 5 3 2

Far West...................... ............. 231 154 77

Alaska........................... 9 4 5

Arizona.................... ........ . 5 2 3

Cal ifornia................... ......... . — — —

Colorado..................... . 53 36 17

Hawai i............. ..... ................ 31 28 3

Idaho......... ......... . 7 5 2

Montana...... ............... ...... ...... JO 9 1

Nevada.................. ................. 8 1 7

New Mex i co.............. . 31 16 15

Oregon.............. ......... ..... ..... 41 33 8

Utah..................................... 26 1 1 15

Washington............................... 2 2 —

Wyoming....................... ........... 8 7 1

Digitized for FRASER 

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
3 1

T a b l e A-6. E n g i n e e r s in h e a l t h a n d w e l f a r e a g encies, b y o c c u p a t i o n and State, J a n u a r y 1Q 62

State

All

engineers

Civil

engineers

Other

engineers

Total........................... . 1,257 873 384

Northeast................................. 373 267 106

Connecticut........ ....... .............. 9 9

Maine.................................... 14 12 2

Massachusetts......................... 39 38 1

New Hampshire. •• ......................... 13 3 10

New Jersey...................... ........ 55 11 44

New York........... ••••••••......... ••••• 122 119 3

Pennsylvania............................. 106 74 32

Rhode Is land ........................ ••••• 9 7 2

Vermont. .......................... ...... 6 3 3

Middle Nest.......... ........ ............ 326 227 99

Illinois................................ 45 39 6

Indiana. ......... .......... ..... ....... 38 33 5

Iowa.......... ......................... 24 22 2

Kansas.................. ................ 20 20 —

Michigan............................ 58 30 28

Minnesota............................... 25 1 24

Missouri................................ 20 20 —

Nebraska............. ................... ’ 5 3 2

North Dakota••••......................... 8 8 —

Ohio.................................... 44 29 15

South Dakota........... ........ ....... . 7 — 7

Wisconsin................................ 32 22 10

South.................. ................... 329 245 84

Alabama.......... ............. ......... 19 15 4

Arkansas. •••••............. ........... . 9 9 —

Delaware. ........ ............. ......... . 4 4 —

Florida............ ..................... 44 39 5

Georgia, ••••••.............. ......... . 14 10 4

Kentucky.,,,................ ............ 27 20 7

Louisiana................................ 12 12

Maryland........................... . 29 20 9

Mississippi.• ......... .......... ........ 7 7 —

North Carolina........................ 28 18 10

Oklahoma.. •••••••................ •••••••• 14 3 11

South Carolina...•••••••................. 16 8 8

Tennessee. • ••••••••••••••.............. .. 24 22 2

Texas.................................... 63 41 22

Virginia................................ 16 15 1

Nest Virginia................... . 3 2 1

Far West.•••••••............... . 229 134 95

Alaska........ .......... ............... . 6 6 __

Arizona.................................. 10 — 10

California.. ••••••• •••••••........ 120 64 56

Colorado.................••••••••••••••... 10 10 —

Hawaii. •••••••••.....•••••••............. 9 1 8

Idaho. ........... ............ ..... . 5 — 5

Montana.......... ........ . ............ 7 — 7

Nevada*.. . . . . . . . . .... 4 2 2

New Mexico............. .................. 6 3 3

Oregon................... .............. . 23 22 1

Utah.................................... 4 3 1

Washington.............. ••••............. 21 20 1

Wyoming.............................. .. 4 3 1

Digitized for FRASER 

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
3 2

T a b l e A - 7 . E n g i n e e r s i n a g r i c u l t u r e a n d c o n s e r v a t i o n agenc i e s , b y o c c u p a t i o n a n d State, J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2

All Civil Other

engineers engineers engineers

Total.............................. m 502 352

Northeast.................................. 2U5 183 62

Connecticut.............. ................ i 1 __

Maine...f................................ 10 h 6

Massachusetts............................ 6 3 3

New Hampshire............................. 1 1

New Jersey............................ ;.. 56 55 1

New York,................................ 67 i|0 27

Pennsylvania............................. 102 77 25

Rhode Island............................. 1 1

Vermont................................... 1 1 _

Middle West................................ 171 n o 61

Illinois.......... ............ ......... . 8 h k

Indiana............ ..................... 8 8

Iowa..................................... 10 h 6

Kansas................................ . 27 19 8

Michigan................................. 17 Hi 3

Minnesota............................... . 39 21 18

Missouri........... ..................... 8 6 2

Nebraska......... ....................... 10 8 2

North Dakota............................. 3 — 3

Ohio............. ....................... 13 1 12

South Dakota............................. 3 3 —

Wisconsin................................ 25 22 3

South...................................... ll|0 69 71

Alabama.................................. 8 5 3

Arkansas,........... ..................... 2 2

Delaware................................. 2 — 2

Florida...................... ............ 5 — 5

Georgia.................................. 5 5

Kentucky.............................. . ll 8 3

Louisiana................................ 28 — 28

Maryland................................. 6 3 3

Mississippi....................... '....... 3 1 2

North Carolina............................ h h 28 16

Oklahoma................................. 3 1 2

South Carolina............................ — _ _

Tennessee................................ 5 1 U

Texas,.............. .................... U k

Virginia................... .............. 9 8 l

West Virginia.......••••••........ 5 3 2

Far West................................... 298 liiO 158

Alaska............................... . 11 h 7

Arizona.................................. 12 h 8

California............................... 137 53 81

Colorado................................. 13 6 7

Hawaii................................... — — —

Idaho................... ................. k 2 2

Montana.................................. 1 — 1

Nevada................................... 13 11 2

New Mexico,........................ ...... 12 — 12

Oregon........ ......... ....... ........ , 26 20 6

Utah.................................... . 3 1 2

Washington.............................. . 61 36 25

Wyoming...................... ........... , 5 3 2

Digitized for FRASER 

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
3 3

■Table A - 8. Engineers in all agencies, by primary function and State, January 1962

State

All

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services

Other

Total.................. 33,991; 769 8,810 6,21*6 15,989 2,180

Northeast..................... 7,8U6 72 2,080 2,608 2,250 836

Connecticut.................. 6U3 1* 9l* 59 112 37U

Maine................. 299 — 1*2 17 235 *

Massachusetts.............. . 772 5 356 61* 318 29

New Hampshire............... 3U2 l 135 19 176 11

New Jersey.................. 1,061* l 50 318 592 103

New York................... . 3,081; 29 1,081* 1,U79 1*08 81*

Pennsylvania................ 1,237 2i* 267 596 316 3 k

Rhode Island......... ...... 107 — 37 9 . 61 —

Vermont..................... .. . 298_ . 8 ....... 15 . h i 32 196

Middle West................... 7,257 33U 1.U96 1,558 3,611 258

Illinois.................... 1,550 90 1*59 707 23U 60

Indiana.................. . U7U 1 53 U6 36U 10

Iowa................. ...... 3U7 5 18 112 203 9

Kansas...................... 167 86 51 1*6 237 1*7

Michigan.................... 975 71 86 336 U5U 28

Minnesota............... . 592 16 2I4.8 111 211 6

Missouri................... . 79U 11 296 117 3i;7 23

Nebraska.................... 279 3 22 29 217 8

North Dakota................ 168 5 h i 18 80 22

Ohio........................ 896 36 32 6 786 36

South Dakota................ 76 5 25 3 k 3 —

Wisconsin................... 63^ 5 163 27 1*35 9

South............ .......... 8,868 139 1,719 i,U05 5,226 379

Alabama.......... .......... 531 5 115 6 k 3U7

Arkansas.... ..... ........... 177 5 1*1* 12 116

Delaware.•••••••••..... 70 1 1* — 65 --

Florida........ . 61*2 15 195 lii 385 3

Georgia.................... 920 lU 152 3 k 720 —

Kentucky. •••••......••••••••• 711 7 210 81* 352 58

Louisiana................... 51*6 3 k 68 21* 159 261

Maryland............... . 560 3 36 261 257 3

Mississippi..... ....... ..... 2i*7 5 67 7 161* k

North Carolina.............. 821 2 131 116 561* 8

Oklahoma..................... 168 20 25 16 106 1

South Carolina. 877 — 285 79 1*90 23

Tennessee................... 332 — 9 2i*l 68 Hi

Texas............ .......... 1,393 13 88 ll*l* 1,11*7 1

Virginia.................... 7l*5 15 232 2 2 1 271 —

West Virginia............... 128 — 58 52 15 3

Far West...................... 10,023 221* 3,515 675 h,902 1 0 1

Alaska.......... ........... 256 157 8 86 5

Arizona..................... 116 5 11 1 99 —

California.................. 6,027 99 2 , 1 9 k 1*57* 2,103 571*

Colorado........... . 1*08 22 106 13 228 39

Hawaii. ........... .......... 192 5 95 17 63 12

Idaho.................... . 116 2 11 10 88 5

Montana.••••••••••••......... 319 35 52 85 101 1*6

Nevada............... ...... 187 9 88 9 81 —

New Mexico................... 112 5 13 28 65 1

Oregon.............. ........ 72l* 30 15 5 661 13

Utah........................ 236 5 99 27 93 12

Washington............ . 1,080 3 60 k 1,013 ~

Wyoming...................... 250 1* 1U 11 221

Digitized for FRASER 

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
34

Table A -9* Engineers in highway agencies, by primary function and State, January 1962

State

All

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services

Other

Total.................... 30,048 650 7,914 5,229 14,317 1,938

Northeast,................... . 6,662 59 1,786 2,348 1,682 787

Connecticut. ....... ....... .. 613 4 82 50 104 373

Maine....................... 258 — 29 5 224 ..

Massachusetts.. .......... . 685 — 326 31 313 15

New Hampshire............. . 322 .. 130 11 170 11

New Jersey.••••••••••••••••••• 893 _ 38 270 482 103

New York................... .. 2,658 26 957 1,375 222 78

Pennsylvania................ .870 21 185 563 90 11

Rhode Island................ . 86 30 3 53

Vermont...................... 277 8 9 40 24 196

Middle West............... .. 6,433 296 1,277 1,375 3,317 168

Illinois.................... 1,438 60 436 679 208 55

Indiana..................... 400 — 20 22 358

Iowa........................ 308 5 14 90 199 ..

Kansas... ......... .......... 399 80 36 29 215 39

Michigan....... . 835 71 50 299 407 8

Minnesota.......... . 508 16 227 107 158 —

Missouri.................... 758 10 286 104 341 17

Nebraska. ••••••...••......... 249 3 12 26 200 8

North Dakota.. 148 5 36 18 70 19

Ohio. •••••...... 802 36 9 1 734 22

South Dakota. 56 5 21 30

Wisconsin................... 532 5 130 — 397 —

South. 7,950 120 1,528 1,178 4,808 316

Alabama..................... 495 1 103 56 335

Arkansas. ••••• ..... ..... ... 160 5 40 8 107

Delaware.................... 64 1 3 .. 60

Florida..................... 578 7 188 10 373 —

Georgia...................... 898 14 145 25 714 —

Kentucky. ......... ...... . 632 7 191 66 335 33

L o u i s i a n a . .......... 415 34 31 _ 90 260

Maryland.................... 495 3 17 231 244

Mississippi................. 215 5 66 — 144 —

North Carolina................ 705 .. 99 101 500 5

Oklahoma.•••••.............. 130 20 20 — 90 _

South Carolina .......... . 823 _ 276 69 478 _

Tennessee.•••••.............. 303 — 2 241 46 14

Texas....................... 1,235 12 62 123 1,037 1

Virginia............... ..... 691 11 230 200 250 _

West Virginia............... 111 — 55 48 5 3

Far West...................... 9,003 175 3,323 328 4,510 667

Alaska. ..... ..... . 225 •mm 150 5 70

Ar i zona.................... . 87 1 7 — 79 _

California................... 5,559 93 2,729 192 1,971 574

Colorado..................... 327 21 81 .. 194 31

Hawaii.... ....... ........... 150 1 73 11 56 9

Idaho................ ...... 100 2 10 4 84 _

Montana..................... 297 35 49 80 87 46

Nevada..................... . 159 5 84 8 62

New Mexico.••••......... . 61 5 3 2 51

Oregon.................... .. 617 3 _ .. 614 __

Utah........................ 202 5 90 19 81 7

Washington.••••••••••..... 986 — 35 — 951

Wyoming........... . 233 4 12 7 210 —

Digitized for FRASER 

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
35

Table A-10* Engineers in public works agencies (except highway), by primary function and State, January 1962

State

All

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services

Other

Total.•••................. 727 34 216 106 267 104

Northeast..................... 178 1 55 29 67 26

Connecticut......... 15 __ 9 6 ..

Maine. .................... 12 — 4 — 5 3

Massachusetts........... . .. — — -- —

New Hampshire............. . 6 1 2 2 1 --

New Jersey. 16 — — 13 3 —

New York................... — -- — -- -- --

Pennsylvania............... Ill -- 34 10 44 23

Rhode Is land. ...... 7 -- 4 -- 3 --

Vermont. 11 — 2 4 5 —

Middle West.................. 98 ~ 47 22 15 14

Illinois................... 3

_ _ 2 _ _ 1 ..

Indiana.................... 18 — 13 4 — 1

Iowa.................. 2 — 1 1 — —

Kansas........ ............. 14 — 13 1

Michigan. ...... .......... . 17 — 5 11 1 —

M i n n e s o t a . ....... — — — -- —

Missouri ..•••.......... -- -- — -- -- —

Nebraska.• 4 -- — -- 4 —

North Dakota.............. 7 5 — 2 —

Ohio....................... 24 — 4 2 5 13

South Dakota............... . 8 — 3 3 2 —

Wisconsin.••••••••••••••••••. 1 — 1 -- -- —

South................. 220 -- 60 20 109 31

Alabama. ................... 4 2 2 .. _

Arkansas — — — — — —

Delaware................. . -- -- — — -- —

Florida...••••••••••••••••••. 9 — 2 6 1 --

Georgia.................. . — — — — — —

Kentucky. •••••......... 25 — -- — -- 25

Louisiana-,....... . 80 -- 27 4 49 —

Maryland. 21 — 13 1 7 --

Mississippi................. 10 — 1 6 3 —

North Carolina.........•••••• 27 — 3 -- 21 3

Oklahoma..................... 7 — 3 1 2 1

South Carolina............. 2 -- — — — 2

Tennessee............ ....•••• — — — — — —

Texas.•••••••••••••••••...••• 24 -- 9 -- 15 —

Virginia................... 6 — — 6 —

West Virginia.............. 5 -- — — 5 ""

Far West.......... . 231 33 54 35 76 33

Alaska•••••••••••••••••••.•• • 9

.... 4 5

Arizona.................... 5 — 2 -- 3 —

California................ — -- — — — —

Colorado. ......... •••••••.•• 53 1 19 3 29 1

Hawaii•••••••..... 31 4 18 6 -- 3

Idaho.•••••••••••••••••••••• • 7 — — — 2 5

Montana.•••••••••••••••••••.. 10 — 1 -- 9 —

Nevada..................... 8 4 1 1 2 —

New Mexico.• 31 — 5 15 10 1

Oregon. ..................... 41 24 2 2 — 13

Utah....................... 26 — 6 6 9 5

Washington................. 2 — — 2 — —

Wyoming........... ••••••••• 8 8

Digitized for FRASER 

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
36

Table A-ll* Engineers in health and welfare agencies, by primary function and State, January 1962

State

All

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services

Other

Total,. ............. . 1,257 19 183 380 639 36

Northeast............... ••••• 373 3 34 90 240 6

Connect 1 cut •••••••••••...... 9 8 1

Maine,................ 14 .. 4 8 2 ..

Massachusetts..••••••••.••••• 39 1 15 19 4 —

New Hampshire,............. 13 -- 2 6 5 --

New Jersey................. 55 1 2 35 17 —

New York,....... ......... . 122 1 3 7 106 5

Pennsylvania............ .., 106- — 4 2 100 —

Rhode I s l a n d . , 9 _ 1 4 4 ..

Vermont. • •••••••......... .. 6 — 3 1 2 — .

Middle West................. . 326 — 46 103 149 28

Illinois................ . 45

_ _ 6 23 16

Indiana. ....... ...... ..... 38 •• 7 19 4 8

Iowa....................... 24 -- 2 20 2 —

Kansas.................. . 20 — — 16 4 —

Michigan.......... ........ 58 — 9 — 29 20

Minnesota.............. ...., 25 — 2 — 23 —

Missouri,.,••••••••......... 20 — 3 13 4 —

Nebraska....... 5 — 1 1 3 —

North Dakota.............. . 8 — 1 -- 7 —

Ohio....................... 44 — 6 1 37 —

South Dakota................ 7 — 1 .. 6 --

Wisconsin............. .. 32 ~ 8 10 14 —

South.................. •••••• 329 7 67 126 127 2

Alabama.••••••••........... 19 3 6 4 6 „

Arkansas.................... 9 — 4 — 5 —

Delaware..••••••••.......... 4 -- — — 4 ..

Florida........... .......... 44 4 5 28 5 2

Georgia........ ............ 14 — 5 8 1 —

Kentucky..••••............. 27 -- 7 9 11 —

Louisiana................ .. 12 — 4 6 2 —

Maryland................ . 29 — 5 24 — —

Mississippi................ 7 — — — 7 —

North Carolina............. 28 -- 4 11 13 --

Oklahoma.......... ........ 14 — 1 4 9

South Carolina.............. 16 — 6 3 7 —

Tennessee.•••••••••..... 24 -- 5 — 19 --

Texas...................... 63 -- 15 12 36 —

Virginia................... 16 — — 15 1 —

West Virginia............. . 3 -- ~ 2 1 —

Far W est................ •••.. 229 9 36 61 123 --

Alaska...................... 6 .. 6

Arizona.................... 10 4 1 -- 5 ..

California.......... ...... . 120 5 15 38 62 —

C o l o r a d o . ........... 10 — 2 7 1 —

Hawaii...................... 9 — 3 -- 6 --

Idaho................... . 5 — 1 4 —

Montana. . ......... ......... 7 — 2 4 1 —

Nevada.••••••••••••••••••••• • 4 — 1 — 3 —

New Mexico.••••••••••.••.... 6 — 2 2 2 --

Oregon..................... 23 — 5 — 18

Utah....................... 4 -- 2 1 1 —

Washington.............. . 21 — 2 1 18 --

Wyoming.................... 4 4 ■”

Digitized for FRASER 

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
- 37

Table A-12. Engineers in agriculture and conservation agencies, by primary function and State, January 1962

State

All

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services

Other

Total,.................. 854 28 248 122 425 31

Northeast, ............ . 245 6 59 28 150 2

Connecticut,...... ......... 1 1

Maine,..................... 10 5 1 3 '1

Massachusetts..... . 6 3 2 1 ..

New Hampshire,............. . 1 — 1 — —

New Jersey,.......... . 56 .. — 56 ..

New York,................... 67 16 9 41 1

Pennsylvania,..... ...... . 102 3 35 16 48 --

Rhode Island,..,,......... 1 «... _« 1

Vermont,............... .. 1 — — 1 — —

Middle West,.......... *...... 171 6 55 12 78 20

Illinois................... 8 2 m m 2 4

Indiana.................... 8 __ 6 1 __ 1

Iowa....................... 10 — 1 -- — 9

Kansas,..................... 27 6 2 __ 18 1

Michigan. ................ . 17 .. 5 8 4 --

Minnesota,................. 39 .. 14 — 25

Missouri. ........ ........ . 8 — 6 — 2 ..

Nebraska........ ......... . 10 -- 2 .. 8 --

North Dakota............... . 3 __ .. .. 3

Ohio....................... 13 _ 6 1 6 —

South Dakota••••........... 3 — .. 3 --

Wisconsin.................. 25 — 11 2 10 2

South. •••••••.••...... • 140 11 49 21 56 3

Alabama,.................... 8 1 3 2 2

Arkansas,,............... .. 2 _ _ -- 2 —

Delaware................... 2 «... 1 __ 1 ..

Florida,....... ............ 5 4 .. — 1

Georgia, ...... ............. 5 — 2 1 2 —

Kentucky,.••••••.•••••...... 11 — 6 4 1 --

Louisiana, 28 — 6 12 9 1

Maryland,................... 6 — — -- 4 2

Mississippi. ......... . 3 -- -- — 3 —

North Carolina............ . 44 2 22 2 18 ..

Oklahoma. ............ ...... 3 — 1 — 2 —

South Carolina,•••••....•••• — -- .. — —

Tennessee,........... 5 _ 2 .. 3 --

Texas...................... 4 — 1 — 3 —

Virginia.................... 9 4 2 -- 3 —

West Virginia............... 5 — 3 — 2 —

Far West............... . 298 5 85 61 141 6

Alaska,. ••••..........•••••• 11 «.. 3 3 5

Ar i zona ............ ........ 12 __ 1 11

California............... . 137 __ 46 43 48

Colorado.................... 13 2 2 3 6

Hawaii.................••••• .. __ __ __

Idaho........ ............. 4* __ _ _ 2 2

Montana,................... 1 __ «... 1

Nevada,............ ....... 13 2 11

New Mexico,•••............. 12 __ 3 7 2

Oregon,.................... 26 3 5 3 15

Utah................... . 3 1 2

Washington. 61 2 21 38

Wyoming, ..... •••••••....... 5 — 2 — 3 - -

Digitized for FRASER 

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
- 38 -

Table A-13. Engineers in all agencies, by primary function and occupation, January 1962

Occupation A ll

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services Other

Number employed

Engineers................ .......................... 33,99U 769 8,810 6,21*6 15,989 2,180

C iv il................................................ 30,01)7 607 7,961) 5,268 11), 518 1,690

O th er.............................................. 3,91)7 162 81)6 978 1,1)71 1)90

Percent d istribu tion

Engineers............................................ 100.0 2.3 25.9 18. 1) 1)7.0 6.1*

C iv il................................................ 100.0 2.0 26.5 17.5 1*8.1* 5 .6

Other................................................ 100.0 l*.l 21.1) 21).8 37.3 12.1)

Table A-ll*. Engineers in highway agencies, by primary function and occupation, January 1962

Occupation A ll

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services Other

Number employed

Engineers...................................... 30,01*8 650 7,911) 5,229 11), 317 1,938

C iv il................................................ 27,878 5Uo 7,391) 1),81)7 13,506 1,591

Other..................... ........................ .. 2,170 110 520 382 811 3U7

Percent d istribu tion

Engineers......................................... 100.0 2.2 26,3 17.U U7.6 6.1*

C iv il........................... .................. 100.0 1.9 26.5 17.1) U8.5 5.7

Other....................................... .. 100.0 5.1 2l*.0 17.6 37.1* 16.0

Digitized for FRASER 

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
39

Table A-15. Engineers in public works agencies (except highway), by primary function and occupation, January 1962

Occupation

A U

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services

Other

Number employed

Engineers..• ....... 727 34 216 106 267 104

Civil................... . 489 30 165 57 195 42

Other....................... 238 4 51 49 72 62

Percent distribution

Engineers................ ••••• 100.0 4.7 29.7 14.6 36.7 14.3

Civil..,.,.................. 100.0 6.1 33.7 11.7 39.9 8.6

Other.................••••••• 100.0 1.7 21.4 20.6 30.3 26.1

Table A-16. Engineers in health and welfare agencies, by primary function and occupation, January 1962

Occupation

All

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services

Other

Number employed

Engineers....... ............. . 1,257 19 183 380 639 36

Civil....................... 873 12 146 263 424 28

Other ...... . 384 7

1__________

37 117 215 8

Percent distribution

Engineers...................... 100.0 1.5 14.6 30.2 50,8 2.9

Civil.................... . 100.0 1.4 16.7 30.1 48.6 3.2

Other....... 100.0 1.8 9.6 30.5 56.0 2.1

Digitized for FRASER 

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
40

Table A-17, Engineers in agriculture and conservation agencies, by primary function and occupation, January 1962

Occupation

All

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services

Other

Number employed

Engineers..................... 854 28 248 122 425 31

Civil....................... 502 8 157 38 290 9

Other,.......... ........... . 352 20 91 84 135 22

Percent distribution

Engineers.....•••••••......... 100.0 3.3 29.0 14.3 49.8 3.6

Civil....,............. . 100.0 1.6 31.3 7.6 57.7 1.8

Other....................... 100.0 5.7 25.9 23.9 38.3 6.2

Digitized for FRASER 

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
41

Table A -18. Scientists in all agencies, by type of agency and State, January 1962

State

Highway and public works Health and welfare Agriculture and conservation

Other

agencies

All

agencies Total Highway

Public

works Total

Physical

health

Mental

health Welfare Total

Fish

and

game

Agriculture

Natural

resources

Total....... 14,035 825 730 95 4,986 3,836 825 325 7,447 2,027 2,439 2,981 777

Northeast,•••••.... 2,787 120 116 4 1,436 974 348 114 981 190 256 535 250

Connecticut.. • • •. 190 12 12 113 57 52 4 58 58 7

Maine.......... 207 5 5 — 57 37 20 _ 145 47 32 66 --

Massachusetts.••• 504 — __ _ 384 205 174 5 112 19 .. 93 8

New Hampshire.... 50 3 3 -- 14 14 — — 30 21 2 7 3

New Jersey.•••••• 288 2 2 — 206 107 17 82 69 44 17 8 11

New York....... 788 32 32 — 380 377 __ 3 214 — 11 203 162

Pennsylvania.•••• 564 65 62 3 157 86 71 — 286 43 117 126 56

Rhode Island..... 95 .. .. .. 66 56 10 __ 29 11 13 5 __

Vermont.......... 101 1 — 1 59 35 4 20 38 ' 5 6 27 3

Middle West..••••••• 2,735 198 182 16 853 639 175 39 1,451 232 462 757 233

Illinois......... 347 31 28 3 122 109 13 51 17 11 23 143

Indiana.......... 219 7 7 — 140 109 27 4- 64 — — 64 8

Iowa......... . 67 6 6 9 9 __ 49 _ 29 20 3

Kansas........... 164 52 52 _ 39 39 _ _ 70 __ ,26 44 3

Michigan......... 487 24 21 3 121 108 13 -- 335 — 92 243 7

Minnesota........ 415 8 8 .. 95 48 30 17 302 78 68 156 10

Missouri........ 192 30 30 -- 39 38 .. 1 102 46 33 23 21

Nebraska. ..... . 83 7 7 .. 27 15 12 _ 40 32 4 4 9

North Dakota..... 145 7 6 1 45 44 1 _ 93 19 60 14

Ohio.......... . 326 12 11 1 159 67 92 147 -- 62 85 8

South Dakota..... 67 4 2 2 9 9 — -- 54 40 8 6 --

Wisconsin...... 223 10 10 — 48 44 — 4 144 — 69 75 21

South. ...... •••••• 3,890 240 188 52 1,478 1,280 74 124 2,014 475 802 | 737 158

Alabama.......... 192 15 15 _ _ 67 65 2 99 22 26 51 11

Arkansas..••••••• 131 12 12 — 10 10 — — 107 17 55 i 35 2

Delaware......... 39 — -- — 16 13 3 23 6 10 1 7 --

Florida........ 495 6 4 2 190 188 1 1 282 34 143 105 17

Georgia.......... 129 2 2 — 63 57 — 6 43 20 18 5 21

Kentucky......... 224 12 12 -- 108 78 6 24 95 27 -- 68 9

Louisiana...... 110 9 9 -- 21 21 — — 75 57 5 13 5

Maryland.... . 215 — — — 166 123 43 — 42' 6 — 36 7

Mississippi*.•... 292 59 59 — 7 7 -- — 199 10 60 129 27

North Carolina... 265 31 14 17 91 91 — -- 131 39 86 6 12

Oklahoma..••••••• 67 6 6 0 33 25 — 8 24 -- 8 16 4

South Carolina... 153 2 2 — 44 27 17 — 94 16 29 49 13

T e n n e s s e e • 278 15 15 -- 148 146 2 — 115 36 33 46 --

Texas.......... 594 23 -- 23 343 258 85 207 98 100 9 21

Virginia...... . 582 33 26 7 170 170 -- — 375 42 224 109 4

West Virginia.... 124 15 12 3 1 1 — — 103 45 5 53 5

Far West......... 4,623 267 244 23 1,219 943 228 48 3,001 1,130 919 952 136

Alaska....... . • 143 15 15 12 11 1 115 97 j

18 1

Arizona......... 134 6 6 — 48 48 .. .. 75 45 1 23 7 5

California..... 1,888 136 136 — 559 364 177 18 1,140 319 1 327 494 53

Colorado....... 143 8 _ 8 29 29 __ 105 28 ; 76 1 1

Hawaii....... 434 9 8 1 290 256 34 — 130 20 , 96 14 5

Idaho.......... 344 10 10 . 37 30 7 _ 297 69 1 201 27 —

Montana........ 131 1 _ 1 16 16 .. 112 42 !• 52 18 2

Nevada......... 93 -- — 23 14 9 .. 67 43 15 9 3

New Mexico. ..... 131 8 8 — 52 46 — 6 67 36 27 4 4

Oregon..••••••••• 496 29 26 3 52 50 .. 2 354 154 38 162 61

Utah.......... . 180 36 26 10 20 20 — 124 122 __ 2 --

Washington...... 404 — -- -- 73 55 — • 13 330 105 34 191 1

Wyoming.......... 102 9 9 — 8 4 — 4 85 50 30 5 —

Digitized for FRASER 

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
- 42

Table A-19. Scientists in all agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962

State

All

scientists

Chemists

Geologists

and geophysicists

Mathematicians

Medical

scientists

Agricultural

scienists

Biological

scientists

Psychologists

Other

scientists

Total........ 14,035 1,381 898 448 1,930 4,073 4,514 517 274

Northeast........... 2,787 325 93 125 515 648 812 189 80

Connecticut...... 190 21 5 5 1 58 74 24 2

Maine............. 207 10 31 5 26 69 60 5 1

Massachusetts.... 504 42 — 10 215 91 78 68

New Hampshire.... 50 11 -- 1 6 9 23

New Jersey........ 288 17 7 19 124 32 78 8 3

New York.......... 788 171 28 66 42 103 348 10 20

Pennsylvania..... 564 43 22 16 66 233 65 67 52

Rhode Island..... 95 5 -- 3 12 5 69 1 --

Vermont........... 101 5 -- -- 23 48 17 6 2

Middle Wes t ......... 2,735 327 311 113 257 695 882 77 73

Illinois.......... 347 63 69 28 17 22 145 3

Indiana........... 219 16 7 4 36 29 75 13 39

Iowa.............. 67 11 9 1 5 12 19 10

Kansas............ 164 38 71 2 6 20 15 12

Michigan.......... 487 70 49 16 -- 142 202 7 1

Minnesota......... 415 32 5 10 30 188 111 36 3

Missouri.......... 192 21 46 9 22 31 59 1 3

Nebraska.......... 83 9 4 3 16 6 40 4 1

North Dakota..... 145 13 21 9 59 38 5 --

Ohio.............. 326 24 20 16 87 96 79 4

South Dakota..... 67 — 9 _ _ 2 8 47 1

Wisconsin......... 223 30 1 24 27 82 52 7 --

South.... .......... 3,890 430 220 93 619 1,161 1,105 176 86

Alabama........... 192 24 21 5 8 58 74 2

Arkansas.......... 131 14 3 6 1 83 21 3

Delaware.......... 39 -- 4 1 6 13 13 1 1

Florida........... 495 75 16 6 16 168 152 57 5

Georgia..... . 129 29 4 4 40 43 5 4

Kentucky.......... 224 24 7 2 47 80 52 7 5

Louisiana......... 110 18 21 -- 6 5 55 5

Maryland.......... 215 24 2 10 65 35 68 9 2

Mississippi...... 292 16 11 3 15 161 35 -- 51

North Carolina.... 265 53 19 16 24 51 90 4 8

Oklahoma.......... 67 18 19 2 6 -- 13 9 --

South Carolina.... 153 17 8 3 28 41 29 26 1

Tennessee......... 278 20 16 8 66 47 118 1 2

Texas............. 594 23 26 15 176 114 190 50 __

Virginia.......... 582 62 28 10 115 259 105 3

West Virginia.... 124 13 15 2 -- 46 47 -- 1

Far West............ 4,623 299 274 117 539 1,569 1,715 75 35

Alaska............ 143 6 15 2 6 13 101

Arizona........... 134 6 6 3 24 24 63 7 1

California. ...... 1,888 199 149 49 242 641 580 16 12

Colorado.......... 143 15 1 7 3 68 41 __ 8

Hawaii............ 434 -- 1 12 147 70 178 26 __

Idaho............. 344 3 8 3 16 212 98 4 --

Montana........... 131 8 2 3 5 63 49 1

Nevada............ 93 6 2 1 8 20 49 7

New Mexico........ 131 7 12 4 20 27 56 4 1

Oregon............ 496 24 24 20 22 208 181 4 13

Utah.............. 180 5 28 8 7 132 __ _ _

Washington........ 404 17 14 4 37 194 133 5 --

Wyoming........... 102

L

3 12 1 2 29 54 1

' '

Digitized for FRASER 

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
- 43

Table A -20. Scientists in highway and public works agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962

State All

scientists Chemists

Geologists

and

geophysicists

Mathematicians Other

scientists

Total............................... 825 225 382 99 119

Northeast.............. ................... . 120 29 23 23 H5

Connecticut............. ............ ..... 12 7 5

__

Maine.......................... .......... 5 — 5 — —

Massachusetts..... ........................ — — — — —

New hampshire.............................. 3 2 — 1 —

New. Jersey...... ............... ........... 2 — — 1 1

New Y o r k . . . ... ...... ............ . 32 10 12 10 —

Pennsylvania............. ............•••••• 65 9 1 11 HU

Rhode Island............................... — — — —

Vermont........ ............. ........ ••.... 1 1 — ~ —

Middle West... ......... ................... . 198 9ii 80 17 7

Illinois.................................. 31 26 3 2

Indiana........... ..........••••••..... . 7 5 2 — —

Iowa....................... ......... ..... 6 2 — — k

Kansas......... ........................... £2 22 30 — --

Michigan. ••••..... ••••••••••.... ........... 2h 6 15 2 1

Minnesota......................... ....... 8 8 — ~ —

Missouri.......................... ........ 30 10 10 9 1

Nebraska.................................. 7 U 3 — —

North Dakota........... ............ ...... 7 — 7 — —

Ohio..................................... 12 6 6 — —

South Dakota.............................. U — 3 — 1

Wisconsin................................. 10 5 1 b —

South........ .............................. 2H0 79 85 19 57

Alabama.................. ................. 15 6 U 5

_

Arkansas.. ................................. 12 1 3 5 3

Delaware.............................. . — — — — —

Florida................................... 6 3 3 — —

Georgia................................... 2 2 — — —

Kentucky.................................. 12 6 5 1- —

Louisiana....... ........... ........ ...... 9 2 7 — —

Maryland................................. . — — — — —

Mississippi. •••••.••........... ............ 59 6 2 — 51

North Carolina............................. 31 19 12 — —

Oklahoma. ................................ . 6 2 k — —

South Carolina............................. 2 — — 2 —

Tennessee................................ . 15 12 3 — —

Texas.................................... 23 — 22 1 —

Virginia.................................. 33 10 15 5 3

West Virginia. ................. ........... 15 10 5 -- --

Far West....... ...... ..................... 267 23 19k Ho 10

Alaska...... ........... ................. 15 2 13 _ _

Arizona................. ............... . 6 2 3 — 1

California.............. ...... ........... 13 6 7 113 15 1

Colorado........... ...................... 8 — — — 8

Hawaii......................... ........... 9 0 1 8 —

Idaho......... ........ .................. 10 1 8 1 —

Montana..................... ......... . 1 — 1 — —

Nevada.... .............................. . — — — — —

New Mexico....................... ......... 8 — 8 — —

Oregon................................... 29 9 13 7 —

Utah..................................... 36 2 26 8 —

Wash in gton. ................... ............ — — — — —

Wyoming..................... ........ ...... 9 8 1

Digitized for FRASER 

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
44

Table A -21, Scientists in health and welfare agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962

State

A ll

sc ie n tists Chemists

Mathematician sMedical

sc ie n tists

Agricultu ral

sc ie n tists

B iological

sc ie n tists

Psycholog ists

Other

sc ie n tists

T otal................................ U,986 632 151 1,823 79 1,760 U58 83

Northeast......................................... l,li3 6 230 28 50U Uo U7U 150 10

Connecticut................................ 113 Hi 1 7U 2U

Maine................................ .. 57 10 5 26 — 11 5 —

M assachusetts............................ 38U 36 10 213 3 5U 68 —

Hew Hampshire............................ 1U 7 — 5 — 2 — —

New J e rse y ................................ 206 12 10 12I4 10 Uo 8 2

New York...................................... 380 128 — 35 12 197 — 8

Pennsylvania.............................. 157 Hi — 65 — UO 38 —

Rhode Isla n d ........................ 66 5 3 12 — U5 1 —

Vermont......................................... 59 U — 23 15 11 6 —

Middle West..................................... 853 99 51 2i0i 10 33U 71 UU

I llin o is ....................................... 122 10 19 17 76 mm— _

Indiana......................................... IliO 11 2 36 3 U2 13 33

Iowa................ ......................... .. 9 — — U 1 U — —

Kansas.................................... 39 6 2 6 2 1U — 9

M ichigan..................................... 121 38 6 — — 72 5 —

M in n e so ta .................. ............... 95 1 7 2U 1 25 36 1

M issouri.................................. .... 39 3 — 22 — 13 1 —

Nebraska......... ...................... 27 3 — 13 — 6 U 1

North Dakota. 15 13 — 7 1 19 5

—

Ohio....................... ................. .. 159 11 12 87 1 UU U —

South Dakota.............................. 9

... — 2 — 7 — —

U8 3 3 26 1 12 3 —

South................ ............................ .... 1,U78 125 31 578 2U 537 16U 19

Alabama......................................... 67 U 8

„

53 2

_

Arkansas....................................... 10 5 — 1 — U — —

Delaware...................................... 16 — 1 6 — 7 1 1

F lorida......................................... 190 11 — 16 1 100 57 5

Georgia......................................... 63 11 2 Uo — 6 U

Kentucky................................ 108 16 1 U7 10 2U 6 "u

L ou isian a.,......................... 21 8 6 — 2 5 —

M aryland..................................... 166 22 6 65 1 61 9 2

M ississip p i................................ 7 7 — — — — — —

North Carolina. 91 7 1 2ii 1 50 U u

Oklahoma....................................... 33 3 2 6 — 13 9 —

South C arolin a.•••••••.••• UU 6 — 9 — 12 16 1

Tennessee.• • • • • .................... 1U8 8 8 59 2 68 1 2

T exas............................................ 3U3 12 6 176 9 90 50 —

V irgin ia....................................... 170 U U 115 — U7 — —

West V irgin ia............................ 1 1 — — — — — —

Far W est........................................... 1,219 178 iil 1»97 5 105 73 10

Alaska........................................... 12 1 6 5

A rizon a................................... U8 U 2 2li 11 7

C aliforn ia••••••..................... 559 135 27 205 3 16U . 16 9

Colorado....................................... 29 11 2 3 — 13 — —

H aw aii.......................................... 290 ~ — Hi6 — 118 26 —

Idaho............................................ 37 1 2 Hi — 16 U —

Montana.................................... .. 16 2 — 5

— 8 1

Nevada....................................... 23 3

— 8 — 5 7 —

New Mexico.................................. 52 5 u 20 2 16 U 1

Oregon.............. .......................... .. 52 7 u 20 — 19 2 —

Utah................................................ &) 3

— 7 10 —

Washington.................................. 73 6 — 37 — 25 5

Wyoming........................................ 8 —* 2 5 1

Digitized for FRASER 

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
45

Table A-22, Scientists in agriculture and conservation agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962

State All

scientists

Chemists

Geologists

and geophysicistsMathematicians

Medical

scientists

Agricultural

scientists

Biological

scientists

Other

scientists

Total............. T,hli7 387 1*11 1*0 36 3,922 2,636 15

Northeast............. ..... 981 18 51* 1

,T „ 600 30 6 2

Connecticut............. . 58 58

Maine................... — 26 — — 69 1*9 1

Massachusetts............. 112 — — — — 88 21* _

New Hampshire........ . 30 — — — — 9 21 _

New Jersey............... 69 1 7 1 — 22 38 _

New York................. 211* 9 — — — 85 120 —

Pennsylvania............. . 286 8 21 — — 233 21* _

Rhode Island............. 29 — — _ _ 5 21* _

Vermont.................. 38 — — — — 31 6 1

Middle West................. 103 11*7 12 8 679 1*95 7

Illinois................. 51 12 22 17

Indiana..........••••.... 61* — 5 — — 26 33 _

Iowa.................... 1*9 9 9 — — 11 15 5

Kansas-................... 70 10 1*1 — _ 18 1

Michigan................. 335 25 31* k — 11*2 130 —

Minnesota........... ...•• 302 17 5 1 6 187 86 —

Missouri................ . 102 5 18 — — 31 1*6 2

Nebraska................. 1*0 2 1 — — 3 31* _

North Dakota... ......... 93 — n* — 2 58 19 —

Ohio.................... 11*7 1* n* — — 95 31* —

South Dakota......... . 51* — 6 ... — 8 1*0 _

Wisconsin................ 11*1* 19 ~ 7 — 78 L*0 —

South •••..•••..... ........ ?,om 186 131 11 26 1,121 538 1

Alabama.................. 99 n* 17

„ „ 58 10 „

Arkansas................ 107 7 — — — 83 17 —

Delaware................. 23 — 1* _ — 13 6 ..

Florida... .............. 282 57 12 1 _ 160 52

Georgia................. . 1*3 13 3 — — __ 2-7

Kentucky................. 95 — — — — 69 26 —

Louisiana................ 75 3 11* — — 5 53 —

Maryland..... ........... 1*2 — 2 — — 33 7 —

Mississippi.......... ••••• 199 — 9 1 — 155 31* —

North Carolina............ 131 25 7 9 — 5o 1*0 —

Oklahoma................. 21* 9 15 — — — — —

South Carolina............ 91* 10 8 — 19 la 16 —

Tennessee. •••••..... . 115 — 13 — 7 1*5 50 —

Texas................... 207 3 1* — — 105 95 —

Virginia................. 375 1*5 13 — — 259 58 —

West Virginia............ 103 — 10 — — 45 47 1

Far West........ .......... 3,001 80 79 16 2 1,522 1,297 5

Alaska................... 115 3 2 1

__ 13 96

Arizona.................. 75 — 3 1 — 19 52 —

California............... 1,11*0 1*3 36 6 — 637 1*16 2

Colorado................. 105 1* 1 l* — 68 28 —

Hawaii................... 130 — — — 70 60 —

Idaho.... ............... 297 1 — — 2 212 82 —

Montana......... ........ 112 6 1 1 — 63 1*1 —

Nevada............ ....... 67 3 1 — — 20 1*3 —

New Mexico......... ...... 67 2 1* — — 21 1*0 —

Oregon................... 35U i* 11 — — 176 160 3

Utah.................... 121* — 2 — — — 122

Washington............... 330 11 H* 3 — 19U 108

Wyoming.................. 85 3 1* —*■ 29 1*9

Digitized for FRASER 

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
46

Table A -23, Scientists in all agencies, by primary function and State, January 1962

State

All

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services

Other

Total.................... 14,035 2,568 1,437 2,511 6„953 566

Northeast............ 2,787 591 285 351 1,458 102

Connecticut.•••••••••••••••••• 190 19 24 82 53 12

Maine....................... 207 58 22 25 99 3

Massachusetts.•••••••••••••••• 504 45 54 57 305 43

New Hampshire.............. . 50 4 8 6 31 1

New Jersey. 288 33 32 15 197 11

New York.... ................ 788 357 83 20 320 8

Pennsylvania. •••••......••••• 564 59 22 98 364 21

Rhode Island.................. 95 8 16 40 29 2

Vermont.•••••..... 101 8 24 8 60 1

Middle West.................. . 2,735 641 245 400 1,304 145

Illinois................... . 347 145 27 35 128 12

Indiana................. .. 219 36 40 21 117 5

Iowa................... 67 3 6 15 37 6

Kansas...................... 164 77 8 56 22 1

Michigan. 487 95 51 88 164 89

Minnesota. ••••••........••••• 415 103 21 59 225 7

Missouri ...... .............. 19? 43 28 24 94 3

Nebraska. ....... ........ . 83 15 6 13 45 4

North Dakota.••••••••••••••••• 145 18 8 22 97 ..

Ohio........... ............ 326 75 36 37 177 1

South Dakota.••••••••.••..... 67 19 3 5 40 _

Wisconsin.••••••••.••••••••••• 223 12 11 25 158 17

South.. 3,890 551 494 919 1,821 105

Alabama,..*................... 192 38 22 41 84 7

Arkansas. • ••••...........•••• 131 5 8 38 44 36

Delaware............... ••••• 39 12 3 5 18 1

Florida.•••••••••••••••••••••. 495 102 54 158 171 10

Georgia.................. . 129 11 33 33 42 10

Kentucky........••••••••••••• 224 17 33 46 128 —

Louisiana................... 110 31 1 4 73 1

Maryland. 215 36 53 19 106 1

Mississippi•••••..... 292 13 28 59 189 3

North Carolina............. .. 265 10 41 91 111 12

Oklahoma.••••••...... ...... . 67 20 6 11 30 —

South Carolina..............*. 153 16 12 12 102 11

Tennessee.•••••••••••••••••••• 278 35 27 1 208 7

Texas...............••••••••• 594 134 82 216 161 1

Virginia.................. . 582 41 80 182 278 1

West Virginia...•••••••••••••• 124 30 11 3 76 4

Far West..................... . 4,623 785 413 841 2,370 214

A l a s k a . • 143 17 11 20 95

Arizona...... 134 20 12 17 85 —

California................. . 1,888 430 139 278 1,021 20

Colorado........... ....... . 143 39 12 47 44 1

Hawaii.......... ............ 434 35 40 153 205 1

Idaho.................... . 344 26 12 124 103 79

Montana.•••••••••••••••..... 131 15 12 16 48 40

Nevada................ 93 2 8 14 69

New Mexico.••••••••••••••••••• 131 38 12 25 51 5

Oregon....................... 496 55 75 45 265 56

Utah........................ 180 33 42 46 53 6

Washington. 404 64 13 20 307

Wyoming..••••••••••••••••••••• 102 11 25 36 24 6

Digitized for FRASER 

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
47

Table A - 24. Scientists in highway and public works, agencies, by primary function and State, January 1962

State

All

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services

Other

Total................. . 825 146 188 190 270 31

Northeast............ ........ 120 12 34 41 22 11

Connecticut................. 12 12

Maine. • ...................... 5 __ 5

Massachusetts................. .. __ __ __ __ ••

New Hampshire............... . 3 2 1 —

New Jersey.................. 2 2 --

New York.................... 32 — 22 10 .. _

Pennsylvania......... ..... .. 65 10 9 14 21 11

Rhode I s l a n d . . . .. .. ... _

Vermont........ •••••••••••••• 1 -- -- ~ 1 —

Middle West................... 198 69 10 80 32 7

Illinois...................... 31 2 3 26

Ind i ana..................... 7 _ __ ... 7

Iowa........... 6 _ .. .. 6

Kansas.••••••.••••••••....... 52 31 .. 21 .. ..

Michi gan.•••.....•••......... 24 21 1 2 — ..

Minnesota............ ....... 8 1 .. 7 ..

Missouri........... ..... . 30 — 5 10 15 _

Nebraska. ........ . 7 __ __ 7 ..

North Dakota.•••••••••••••.,•• 7 _ 1 6 __

Ohio........................ 12 11 — _ 1

South Dakota.•••••••••••••.••• 4 2 -- 1 1 --

Wi scons in. •••••••••........ 10 1 — — 9 —

South •••••••••••••.......... . 240 38 57 35 105 5

Alabama. ••••••........... . 15 __ 9 6 _ _ __

Arkansas. 12 7 3 1 1

De laware •••••••••........ — — .. — _ —

Florida....... 6 .. 2 3 1 --

Georgia. 2 2 -- -- — --

Kentucky. •••........ 12 -- 1 11 — --

Louisiana. • •••.......... 9 9 -- — --

Maryland. •••••••...........•• — — -- -- — —

Mississippi................. 59 -- 16 — 43 --

North Carolina........... . 31 .. 1 5 25

Oklahoma................. . 6 6 — — -- --

South Carolina..•••••••••••••• 2 .. -- — 2 --

Tennessee. ......... . 15 15 — — — --

Texas. 23 4 2 -- 17 --

Virginia. •••••••••••...... 33 2 19 5 7 —

West Virginia.•••••••••••.... 15 — -- 2 9 4

Far West.......... 267 27 87 34 111 8

Alaska....................... 15 __ 15 _«

Ar i zona •••••••••••...... 6 1 -- — 5 --

California.................. 136 4 69 .. 63 —

Colorado.••••••••••••••.•••••• 8 3 2 — 2 1

Hawaii....... 9 1 7 — .. 1

Idaho........................ 10 ~ -- 1 9 --

Montana. 1 — 1 — — —

Nevada...,.....•••••••••••••• — — — — — —

New Mexico.......... ••••••••• 8 8 -- — — --

Oregon...................... 29 2 7 1 18 1

Utah........................ 36 6 1 15 9 5

Washington. ......... ..... . — — -- — — —

Wvnmina* 9 2 — 2 5 --

Digitized for FRASER 

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
4 8

T a b l e A - 2 5 * S c i e n t i s t s i n h e a l t h a n d w e l f a r e a g e n c i e s , b y p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2

State

All

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services

Other

Total.................. a,986 1,102 587 669 2,h29 199

Northeast............. ..... . 1.U36 388 12U 717 63

Connecticut*............. ... 113 15 6 37 U6 9

Maine*..................... 57 1 7 U7 2

Massachusetts............... 381i 30 U3 51 219 ai

New Hampshire............... lU — 6 6 2 —

New Jersey.................. 206 31 25 10 131 9

New York................... 380 283 3 — 9U —

Pennsylvania................ 157 25 8 — 12U —

Rhode Island............... * 66 — 8 39 17 2

Vermont.............. ....... 59 3 18 1 37 —

Middle West................... 853 195 119 70 37U 95

Illinois................... 122 m 17- 2 89 „

Indiana.................... m o 26 26 13 70 5

Iowa........ ............... 9 — h 5

—

Kansas..................... 39 2 — 31 6 _

Michigan....... ............ 121 21 13 — — 87

Minnesota,.................. 95 52 3 1 38 1

Missouri................... 39 — 17 3 18 1

Nebraska*.................. * 27 12 k 2 9 —

North Dakota* * *.i............. * U5 6 10 29 —

Ohio....................... 159 58 23 78 --

South Dakota................ 9 3 1 1 a ...

Wisconsin*...... ........... U8 1 11 2 33 1

South...................... 1.U78 176 250 299 725 28

Alabama. ........... ........ 67 13 6 hh a

Arkansas......... *......... 10 — — 10 —

Delaware......... *........ * 16 3 — 1 12 —

Florida.................... 190 62 12 1x9 57 10

Georgia.................... 63 3 19 15 26 —

Kentucky..... .......... ...* 108 k 26 35 U3 —

Louisiana..... .......... . 21 1 — 3 16 1

Maryland...... ........ ..... 166 30 51 15 69 1

Mississippi..........*...... 7 — — — 7 —

North Carolina.•••••........ . 91 3 2U U5 10 9

Oklahoma.................... 33 2 6 — 25 —

South Carolina........... . hh 8 U 2 30 —

Tennessee*........... ..... . m s 9 18 — 119 2

Texas........ .............. 3U3 38 62 Ill 131 1

Virginia*................... 170 — 22 22 126 —

West Virginia.... ......... * 1 — — 1 — —

Far West..................... 1,219 3U3 9h 156 613 13

Alaska*..................... 12 wmwm mmmm ' 12

Arizona...... ••••••........ U8 7 5 7 29 . .

California............ ...... 559 300 22 U2 195

Colorado.................... 29 2 h — 23 . .

Hawaii.................. . 290 7 18 81 isa —

Idaho*................ 37 10 8 — 16 3

Montana..................... 16 — U 1 11 . .

Nevada*.................... ... 23 — 3 • ■ 6 ia —

New Mexico..................... .............................................. 52 7 11 1 33 —

Oregon.................................................................................. 52 — m 9 2lx

Utah......................................................................................... 20 — 5 1 13 1

Washington.................................................................... 73 10 — U 59 —

Wyoming............... * .................................... 8

'

— — a — a

Digitized for FRASER 

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
4 9

T a b l e A - 2 6 . S c i e n t i s t s i n a g r i c u l t u r e a n d c o n s e r v a t i o n a g e n c i e s , b y p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2

State

All

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services

Other

Total................ 7,1*1*7 l,09U 5U1 1,5m U,008 263

Northeast.............. . 981 139 75 lUo 617 _ 10

Connecticut................ 58

„ 18 33 U 3

Maine...................... 1U5 57 15 20 52 1

Massachusetts.............. 112 13 10 2 85 2

New Hampshire....... ....... 30 1 1 — 27 1

New Jersey................. 69 2 U — 62 1

New York.... .............. 21U 30 8 1 17U 1

Pennsylvania......... ...... 286 23 5 76 182 —

Rhode Island... ........... 29 8 8 1 12 __

Vermont................... 38 5 6 7 __ 19 1

Middle West.................. • 1,1*51 23U 105 237 857 18

Illinois................... 51 U 7 29 n

Indiana.... ............... 6U 10 13 8 33 —

Iowa....................... U9 3 2 9 35 —

Kansas.............. ...... 70 UU 6 U 16 —

Michigan................... 335 51 37 85 162 —

Minnesota.............. . 302 50 15 UU 187 6

Missouri.. ................. 102 3U 5 9 5U —

Nebraska................... Uo — 1 k 3U 1

North Dakota............... 93 12 7 6 68 —

Ohio...................... 1U7 6 13 36 92 —

South Dakota............... 5U 1U 2 3 35 —

Wisconsin.................. m u 10 — 22 112 —

South.............. .. 2,01U 333 1U2 553 91*3 U3

Alabama............. ...... 99 25 7 25 Uo 2

Arkansas.................. 107 5 1 35 31 * 35

Delaware................... 23 9 3 U 6 1

Florida.................... 282 39 29 ioU n o —

Georgia......... . U3 5 7 16 15 —

Kentucky................. . 95 13 U

— 78 —

Louisiana.................. 75 21 1 1 52 —

Maryland.................. U2 6 2 — 3U —

Mississippi........... ..... 199 13 5 52 129 —

North Carolina.............. 131 7 9 Ul . 7U —

Oklahoma...... . 2U 12 — 9 3 —

South Carolina.... ........ 9U 8 8 10 68 —

Tennessee.................. 115 11 9 1 89 5

Texas..... ................ 207 90 10 103 U —

Virginia.................. 375 39 39 152 1U5 —

West Virginia.......... 103 30 8 — 6f> —

Far West.... ..... .......... 3,001 388 219 611 1,591 192

Alaska... .............. U 5 17 11 5 82

Arizona.................... 75 12 7 10 U6 —

California............ ..... 1,1U0 123 Ul 198 758 20

Colorado....... ......... . 105 33 6 U7 19 —

Hawaii.................... 130 23 1U 72 21 —

Idaho..................... 297 16 U 123 78 76

Montana...... ••••••........ 112 15 6 15 36 Uo

Nevada........... ........ 67 — 5 7 55 —

New Mexico................. . 67 23 1 2U 1U 5

Oregon........ ........... . 35U 36 51 3U 18U U9

Utah...................... 12U 27 36 30 31 —

Washington............... . 330 5U 12 16 2U8 —

Wyoming.................... 85 9 25 30 19 2

Digitized for FRASER 

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
50

Table A-27. Scientists in all agencies, by primary function and occupation, January 1962

Occupation

All

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services

Other

Number employed

Scientists........... ......... 14,035 2,568 1,437 2,511 6,953 566

Chemists........ ....... ...... 1,381 318 61 519 437 46

Geologists and geophysicists..... 898 334 138 90 316 20

Mathematicians................. 448 128 115 13 153 39

Medical scientists............. 1,930 282 374 179 1,037 58

Agricultural scientists.• 4,073 91 233 1,037 2,539 173

Biological scientists.♦•••••••••• 4,514 1,256 415 644 2,033 166

Psychologists.................. 517 111 46 3 327 30

Other scientists............. . 274 48 55 26 111 34

Percent distribution

Scienti sts..................... . 100.0 18.3 10.2 17.9 49.6 4.0

Chemists.................. ••••• 100.0 23.0 4.4 37.7 31.6 3.3

Geologists and geophysicists.... 100.0 37.2 15.4 10.0 35.2 2.2

Mathematicians........ . 100.0 28.6 25.7 2.9 34.1 8.7

Medical scientists........ .. 100.0 14.6 19.4 9.3 53.7 3.0

Agricultural scientists........ 100.0 2.2 5.7 25.5 62,4 4.2

Biological scientists.••••••••••• 100.0 27.8 9.2 14.3 45.0 3.7

Psychologists................. 100.0 21.5 8.9 .6 63.2 5.8

Other scientists............... 100.0 17.5 20.1 9.5 40.5 12.4

Table A-28. Scientists in highway agencies, by primary function and occupation, January 1962

Occupation

All

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services

Other

Number employed

Scientists...... ............. . 730 136 174 186 212 22

Chemists...... ..... ...... . 199 38 2 124 35 ««

Geologists and geophysicists.••.• 336 80 87 56 105 8

Mathematicians..... ........... 94 8 63 6 14 3

Other scientists............... 101 10 22 — 58 11

Percent distribution

Scientists......... ............ 100.0 18.6 23.8 25.5 29.1 3.0

Chemists...... .......... . 100.0 19.1 1.0 62.3 17.6

Geologists and geophysicists.... 100.0 23.8 25.9 16.7 31.2 2.4

Mathematicians.••.•••••••...... 100.0 8.5 67.0 6.4 14.9 3.2

Other scientists. 100.0 9.9 21.8 — 57.4 10.9

Digitized for FRASER 

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
5 1

T a b l e A - 29. S c i e n t i s t s in p u b l i c w o r k s a g e n c i e s (except hig h w a y ) , b y p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n a n d o c c u p a t i o n , J a n u a r y 1962

Occupation

All

functions Research Planning .Inspection

Operations

and

services

Other

Number emp]Loyed

Scientists................... 95 10 14 4 58 9

Chemists* •• ................. 26 1 22 3

Geologists and geophysicists. 46 6 11 2 26 1

Mathematicians.............. 5 1 1 __ 3 ..

Other scientists........ 18 3 2 1 7 5

Percent disstribution

Scientists.................... 100.0 5.3 39.9 5,3 46.1 3.4

Chemists................... 100.0 .. 25.6 67.4 7.0

Geologists and geophysicists. 100.0 5.3 45.0 1.2 47.9 .6

Mathematicians. • ••••....... 100.0 3.3 86.7 -- 10.0 —

Other scientists............ 100.0 21.1 10.5 5.3 36.8 26.3

Table A-30. Scientists in health and welfare agencies, by primary function and occupation, January 1962

Occupation

All

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services

Other

Number employed

Scientists.................... 4,986 1,102 587 669 2,429 199

Chemists. • •••••••......••••• 632 233 31 113 220 35

Mathematicians....... 151 60 23 — 58 10

Medical scientists.. 1,823 277 354 147 994 51

Agricultural scientists..... 79 6 14 11 47 1

Biological scientists.••••••• 1,760 395 108 377 796 84

Psychologists.............. 458 107 44 — 291 16

Other scientists............ 83 24 13 21 23 2

Percent distribution

Scientists................ . 10Q.0 22.1 11.8 13.4 48.7 4.0

Chemists................. . 100.0 36.9 4.9 17.9 34.8 5.5

Mathematicians.......••••••• 100.0 39.8 15.2 — 38.4 6.6

Medical scientists......... . 100.0 15.2 19.4 8.1 54.5 2.8

Agricultural scientists..... 100.0 7.6 17.7 13.9 59.5 1.3

Biological scientists........ 100.0 22.4 6.1 21.4 45.3 4.8

Psychologists......«•»••••... 100.0 23.4 9.6 63.5 3.5

Other scientists.•••••••••••• 100.0 28.9 15.7 25.3 27.7 2.4

Digitized for FRASER 

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
5 2

T a b l e A - 3 1 . S c i e n t i s t s i n a g r i c u l t u r e a n d c o n s e r v a t i o n a g e n c i e s , b y p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n a n d o c c u p a t i o n , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2

Occupation

All

functions Research Planning Inspection

Operations

and

services

Other

Number employed

Scientists,.................... 7,447 1,094 541 1,541 4,008 263

Chemists, ...... ............. 387 23 14 228 121 1 1

Geologists and geophysicists.. 411 171 28 30 171 11

Mathematicians,.............. 40 11 3 -- 25 1

Medical scientists.,......... 36 — 1 3 26 6

Agricultural scientists....... 3,922 84 207 1,024 2,433 169

Biological scientists......... 2,636 804 286 254 1,219 73

Other scientists............ 15 1 2 2 8 2

Percent distribution

Scientists, ....... ............ 100.0 14.7 7.3 20.7 53.8 ' 3.5

Chemists.................... 100.0 5.9 3.6 58.9 31.3 .3

Geologists and geophysicists.. 100.0 41.6 6.8 7.3 41.6 2,7

Mathematicians......... . 100.0 27.5 7.5 62.5 2.5

Medical scientists....... 100.0 — 2.8 8.3 72.2 16.7

agricultural scientists...... 100.0 2.1 5.3 26.1 62.2 4.3

Biological scientists........ 100.0 30.5 10.8 9.6 46.3 2.8

Other scientists............. 100.0 6.7 13.3 13.3 53,4 13.3

Digitized for FRASER 

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
5 3

T a b l e A - 3 2 . S c i e n t i s t s i n a l l a g e n c i e s , b y h i g h e s t a c a d e m i c d e g r e e a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2

State All

scientists

Degree

Doctor's Master’s Bachelor*s None

Total..... ........................

Northeast........ ..........................

1^,035 887 2,765 8,U63 1,920

2,787 275 U99 1,625 388

Connecticut............... ................ 190 23 7 112 U8

Maine....... ................ .......... .. 207 17 Uo Hj3 7

Massachusetts........................... .. SOU 12 107 18U 201

New Hampshire............................. 50 — 11 30 9

New Jersey................................ 288 3U 81 1S8 IS

New York................ •••••............. 788 128 116 S21 23

Pennsylvania................... .......... 56U S3 102 3S1 S8

Rhode Island.............................. 9S 2 17 68 8

Vermont............... ................... 101 6 18 S8 19

Middle West................................. 2,735 212 S60 1,705 258

Illinois.................................. 3U7 67 66 192 22

Indiana.............. .................... 219 16 36 1U9 18

Iowa........... ........... .............. 67 10 17 21 19

Kansas.............. ..................... 16U 1U Uo 102 8

Michigan..... ............................ U87 uo 117 319 11

Minnesota....... •••••.................... . UlS 2U Ul 227 123

Missouri....... *....... ............ ....... 192 12 61 101 18

Nebraska..... .......... ................. 83 10 23 : Ul 9

North Dakota..... ........................ 1US 7 28 102 8

Ohio.... *............................... 326 U 38 267 17

South Dakota............................... 67 1 17 U8 1

Wisconsin............. ................... 223 7 76 136 U

South............. ........................ 3,890 1S8 8U3 2,560 329

Alabama......... ....................... .. 192 U 20 160 8

Arkansas............ ...................... 131 — 28 77 26

Delaware........... ....................... 39 s 8 26 —

Florida.................................. U9S 27 132 309 27

Georgia....... .......................... . 129 6 28 88 7

Kentucky.......................... . 22U 3 3U 171 16

Louisiana.............. ................... 110 6 37 67 —

Maryland... ................. .......... .. 21S 17 U8 iUS S

Mississippi................. .............. 292 U 3U 200 SU

North Carolina..................... ....... 26S 11 7U 17U 6

Oklahoma............ ..................... 67 10 26 27 u

South Carolina............ ................. 153 is 31 103 u

Tennessee........................... ..... 278 U 103 1SU 17

Texas............... ..................... 59U 25 120 332 117

Virginia............ ...................... S82 is SU U77 36

West Virginia.... ........................ 12U 6 66 SO 2

Far West... ............................. U,623 2U2 863 2,573 9US

Alaska.................................. .

Arizona......... .........................

California.................... ...........

Colorado.,..................... ...........

Hawaii.................................. .

Idaho.... ................... ........... .

Montana............... .

Nevada........................... .......

New Mexico.............. ................. .

Oregon................. ............. .

Utah.....................................

Washington................................

Wyoming...,........ .......................

1U3

13U

1,888

3ii3

U3U

3UU

131

93

131

U96

180

uou

102

6

11

118

2

20

23

3

7

U

2U

2

18

U

26

3U

268

U3

133

SI

SO

1U

20

120

36

S3

IS

80

81

868

59

238

2S1

77

60

10U

308

78

287

* 1

31

8

63U

39

U3

19

1

12

3

UU

6U

U6

1

Digitized for FRASER 

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
5 4

T a b l e A - 3 3 , S c i e n t i s t s w i t h h e a l t h d e g r e e s , b y t y p e o f d e g r e e a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2

State

All

health

degrees

M. D. D. D. S. D. V. M. Other

Total,.............................. TT 2,640 1,093 202 793 552

Northeast,................................ 528 299 61 81 87

Connecticut,....................... ........ 34 27 2 5

Maine, ••••................................. 38 22 2 6 8

Massachusetts............................... 136 71 27 4 34

New Hampshire,....................... ...... 7 4 1 2

New Jersey,••••••.,...................... 120 51 18 18 33

New York,,,,,,,........... ............. . 53 40 1 9 3

Pennsylvania.............. ................. 109 60 10 37 2.

Rhode Island...................... , 16 14 1 1

Vermont.............. ...................... 15 10 1 3 1

Middle West.................................. 44 184 22 187 47

Illinois...................... ............. 17 11 5 1

Indiana............... ..................... 34 26 6 2

Iowa..... .......... ............. .......... 5 3 1 1

Kansas..................................... 14 6 1 7

__

Michigan............... .................... 44 5 1 38

Minnesota............... ......... ....... tt 54 18 1 24 11

Missouri,......................... 24 10 2 8 4

Nebraska.................................. . 10 5 1 4

North Dakota.................... ......... . 59 7 1 51

Ohio.................... ...... ............ 107 82 2 22 1

South Dakota .............................. . # 9 _ _ 8 1

Wi sconsin................................. tt 63 11 1 25 26

South. . ••••............ ......... ...... ..... 786 403 74 138 171

Alabama. ................................. 20 6 2 12

Arkansas. ...... ......................ttrf f tt 4 m m 4

Delaware...... .............. . 4 3 1

Florida. ...................... ....... ..... 231 104 17 58 52

Georgia.................................... 37 24 3 2 8

Kentucky. . .............. .................. 42 21 6 3 12

Louisiana.. . . ...... 4 4

Maryland. .................................. . 71 63 2 6

Mississippi,............................ 8 5 3

North Carolina,..,,.,.,,,.,...,.,,,.,........ 43 12 2 1 28

Oklahoma. ............................... T. r T 18 6 _ _ 12

South Carolina................ .T..r, 35 8 1 19 7

Tennessee................................. , 61 24 7 1 29

Texas,...................................... 69 40 7 7 15

Virginia................................. . 137 87 27 23

West Virginia............................... 2 — - 1 1

Far West..................... ................ 886 207 45 387 247

Alaska............................ ...... . 10 6

__ 1 3

Arizona................ .......... ......... 29 19 1 8 1

California................ ................. 337 84 4 176 73

Colorado.................................. . 3 2 _ _ 1

Hawaii,.. . . ............................. 29 20 _ _ 9

__

Idaho...................................... 197 11 __ 124 62

Mont ana ....... ...... ............ .......... 43 4 35 4

Nevada..................................... . 10 2 5 3

New Mexico................................. . 32 17 2 5 8

Oregon. .................... ..... ..... . 50 8 1 18 23

Utah,............................... ..... . 5 2 1 2

Washington.................................. 111 29 1 13 68

Wyoming........ ........ .......... ........... 30 3 — 27

Digitized for FRASER 

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
55

Table A-34, Technicians, by type of agency and State, January 1962

State All

agencies

Highway and public works Health and welfare Agriculture and conservation

Other

Total Highway agencies

Public

works Total

Physical

health

Mental

health Welfare Total

Fish

and

game

AgricultureNatural

resources

T o t a l....... . 55,501 46,599 45,892 707 3,395 2,449 624 322 3,991 1,023 1,232 1,736 1,516

Northeast......... 9,698 7,634 7,447 187 810 542 182 36 700 53 296 351 554

Connecticut..... 630 564 555 9 37 15 16 6 2 2 t- 27

M a i n e . •.......... 210 154 149 5 29 15 14 .. 25 1 12 12 2

Massachusetts... 1,222 1,031 1,031 — 102 89 10 3 36 24 4 3 3

New Hampshire... 52 29 29 — 17 17 .. 1 — 1 __ 5

New J e rsey...... 448 221 217 4 92 65 15 12 91 _ 9 82 44

New Y o r k . ....... 2,839 1,774 1,774 — 247 247 — __ 450 __ 254 196 418

Pennsylvania.... 3,351 3,583 3,420 163 152 25 125 2 75 23 6 46 41

Rhode Island.... 265 173 168 5 75 25 2 48 9 3 3 3 8

Vermont,...... .. 131 55 54 1 59 44 — 15 11 — 7 4 6

Middle West....... 13,646 11,439 11,357 82 771 361 371 39 1,027 67 239 721 409

Illinois........ 1,141 894 893 1 63 63 42 7 20 15 142

Indiana,,...•••• 623 453 442 11 95 32 63 — 28 — — 28 47

Iowa............ 1,065 906 905 1 6 4 2 __ 151 .. 4 147 2

Kan s a s ........... 1,007 932 918 14 12 12 -- __ 59 13 20 26 4

Mic h i g a n . ....... 2,167 1,839 1,832 7 145 71 71 3 100 — 14 86 33

Minn e s o t a . ...... 1,287 1,180 1,180 — 42 21 17 4 50 7 3 40 15

Misso u r i ........ 1,159 1,010 1,010 — 32 32 _ — 63 22 32 9 54

Nebraska....... . 652 541 530 11 40 11 7 22 28 8 8 12 43

North Dakota.... 257 177 173 4 30 27 3 -- 49 5 43 1 1

O h i o............. 3,101 2,576 2,549 27 227 19 208 281 32 249 17

South Dakota.... 118 71 65 6 9 9 — — 34 5 22 7 4

Wisconsin...... . 1,069 810 810 — 70 60 — 10 142 —41 101 47

S o uth.. 21,020 18,726 18,410 316 1,321 1,114 52 155 732 163 267 302 241

Alabama......... 2,075 1,935 1,913 22 56 46 10 65 18 15 i 32 19

Arkansas........ 425 374 374 __ 12 12 — 21 1 20 — 18

Delaware•••...•• 182 170 170 — 6 6 — — 4 -- — 4 2

Florida......... 696 469 467 2 108 108 — 39 3 56 30 30

Geor g i a . ........ 1,402 1,256 1,256 — 107 106 .. 1 15 5 9 1 24

K e n tucky...... 1,444 1,198 1,198 -- 50 27 2 21 178 32 2 144 18

Louisiana....... 1,745 1,543 1,319 229 117 117 .. — 73 12 57 4 7

Ma r y l a n d........ 703 615 589 26 74 44 30 — 2 — — 2 12

M i s s i ssippi..... 811 784 781 3 -- — — — 21 -- 14 7 6

North Ca r o 1i n a .. 938 819 818 1 72 72 — — 45 — 27 13 2

O k l ahoma........ 377 280 275 5 74 74 __ .. 14 — 3 11 9

South Carolina.. 339 244 243 1 39 29 10 — 40 1 27 12 16

Tennessee....... 1,851 1,621 1,620 1 181 181 __ -- 40 36 — 4 9

T e x a s............ 4,913 4,626 4,605 21 207 90 — 117 36 — 21 15 44

Virginia........ 2,111 1,875 1,870 5 197 197 .. .. 31 12 12 7 8

West Virginia... 1,008 912 912 — 21 5 — 16 58 43 4 11 17

Far W e s t . ......... 11,137 8,800 3,678 122 493 432 19 42 1,532 740 430 362 312

A l a s k a . .•••••••• 236 104 94 10 93 93 __ 33 10 __ 23 6

A r izona.......... 573 546 546 __ 13 13 -- -- 14 7 6 1 —

California...... 5,144 3,997 3,997 — 86 65 15 6 888 449 322 117 173

Colorado........ 526 428 418 10 22 22 __ — 52 5 46 1 24

Hawaii.......... 237 208 193 15 4 — 4 — 23 13 1 9 2

Idaho............ 299 247 247 -- 32 32 — 20 — 18 2 --

Montana......... 543 507 492 15 6 6 — — 30 -- 9 21 —

Neva d a ........ . 295 261 252 9 8 8 -- — 14 2 6 6 12

New Mexi c o . . . . •• 595 572 543 29 15 15 — — 7 — 7 — 1

Oregon. 833 527 517 10 20 15 — 5 222 81 2 139 64

Utah............ 543 499 483 ; 16 17 17 — — 22 14 -- 8 5

Washington...... 801 496 496 — 172 143 — 29 108 69 7 32 25

Wyoming......... 512 408 400 3 5 3 “ “

2 99 9 0 6 3

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56

Table A-35. Technicians in all agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962

State

T o t a l

t e c h n icians D r a f t s m e n Surve y o r s

E n g i n e e r i n g

techn i c i a n s

P h y sical

science

technicians

M e d ical, 

a g r i c u l ­

tural, and 

1 biolog i c a l 

t e c h n icians

O t h e r

tec h n i c i a n s

T o t a l . . . ......................... 55,501 6 , 6 8 4 12,240 28 , 3 4 3 1,030 5,671 1,533

N o r theast. • • • . ........... ................. 9, 6 9 8 1,021 1,776 5,266 201 1,098 336

C o n n e c t i c u t . .............. . 63 0 58 162 355 37 18

M a i n e ..... • • • • • • • •........ • • • • •....... 210 30 62 67 37 14

M a s s a c h u s e t t s . • 1,222 269 373 391 .. 118 71

N e w H a m p s h i r e . • • • • • •...... ........... 52 2 27 2 2 10 9

N e w J e r s e y . ......................... . 448 36 41 147 97 87 40

N e w Y o r k . . • • •••.•••••••••• 2 , 889 377 844 999 52 542 75

P e n n s y l v a n i a ........................... 3,851 188 244 3,159 7 163 90

R h o d e I s l a n d . . . . . . . . . ............ . 265 4 4 16 113 27 47 18

V e r m o n t . . . . . . . . . ......... .............. 131 17 1 33 16 57 1

M i d d l e W e s t . . .................... ........ . 13,646 1,734 3,054 6,789 344 1,400 325

I l l i n o i s . . . . . . . ....................... . 1,141 334 101 532 47 95 32

I n d i a n a ....... ......................... . 623 57 58 349 11 88 60

I o w a . . . . . . . . . . ........... . 1,065 163 327 4 5 0 4 119 2

K a nsas. .............................. . 1,007 87 808 9 13 41 49

M i c h i g a n . . • • • • • . .................. . 2,167 176 61 1,498 224 185 23

M i n n e s o t a . • • • •..... ................... 1,287 375 339 495 „„ 64 14

M i s s o u r i . . ............................... 1,159 97 63 889 16 73 21

N e b r a s k a . . . . . .................... •••••• 652 39 359 192 2 46 14

N o r t h D a k o t a . ............................ 257 52 27 99 12 64 3

O h i o . . ............... ........ . 3,101 258 660 1,699 10 4 2 0 54

S o u t h D a k o t a . ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 118 25 45 5 5 34 4

W i s c o n s i n . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . . . . ...... 1,069 71 206 572 — ' 171 49

South. .................................... . 21 , 0 2 0 1,924 4 , 8 6 7 11,730 297 1,582 620

A l a bama. • • • • •.......... 2,075 189 1,432 325 13 65 51

A r k a n s a s . .......... .................... . 425 16 59 291 10 33 16

D e l a w a r e * ............................... . 182 12 62 97 1 3 7

Florida. .................................. 696 155 156 187 52 124 22

G e o r g i a ................................... 1,402 1 178 799 19 92 313

Kentu c k y . . . . • • ....................... . 1,444 107 781 333 111 77 35

Louisiana*. • • • • •..... ................... i;745 39 377 1,138 — 176 15

M a r y l a n d * • • • • •........... .............. 703 95 36 480 5 73 14

M i s s i s s i p p i . . .......................... . 811 77 -- 661 — 19 54

No r t h Carolina. 938 99 40 0 347 .. 91 1

O k l a h o m a ................................ . 377 106 150 — 26 73 22

S o u t h C a r o l i n a . ..... ................... 339 118 30 113 __ 48 30

T e n n e s s e e ...... .......... .............. 1,851 60 192 1,379 __ 214 6

T e x a s ..... ............................... 4, 7 9 6 360 458 3,328 34 111 5

V i r g i n i a .................................. 2 , 228 43 4 426 1,033 3 315 17

W e s t V i r g i n i a . . . . .......... . 1,008 56 130 719 23 68 12

Far W e s t . ................... . 11,137 2,005 2,543 4 , 558 188 1,591 252

A l a ska. . ........................ 236 31 5 101 67 28 4

A r i z o n a . ........................ 573 72 2 5 4 223 — 23 1

C a l i f o r n i a .............................. 5,144 811 717 2,6 8 4 37 814 81

C o lorado. • • • . ...... ......... . 526 55 337 39 — 57 38

H a w a i i ............................... . 237 64 29 115 — 18 11

I d a h o . . . ................. ......... . 299 85 75 55 32 52 __

Mo n t a n a . . . . . . . . . . ................. 543 186 2 317 -- 24 14

N e v a d a . . . . ..................... ........ 295 32 27 201 — 1 34

N e w M e x i c o . ............................ 595 282 98 193 — 22 —

O r e g o n . ............................. 833 137 339 130 2 195 30

U t a h . . * , . . . . • • • •....... . 543 92 205 156 4 4 30 16

W a s h i n g t o n . ......... . . . * ............ 801 104 405 36 6 227 23

W y o m i n g ................................. 512

_

54 50 308

_________“

100

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Table A-36. Technicians in highway agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962

State All

technicians

Draftsmen Surveyors

Engineering

technicians

Physical

science

technicians

Other

technicians

T o t a l..................... 45,892 6,088 12,037 26,778 505 484

Northeast.............. ...... . 7,447 918 1,695 4,635 128 71

Connecticut. ........... .......... 555 55 162 338

M a i n e ............ ............ .. 149 25 62 62 __ __

Massachusetts....... ••••..... .. 1,081 267 373 376 __ 65

New H ampshire..... ............... 29 2 27 __ __

New Jersey........................ 217 14 41 77 82 3

New Y o r k ..........••••........... 1,774 355 780 609 30

Pennsylvania. . ................ 3,420 145 229 3,046 — ..

Rhode Is land...... ...... ...... . 168 39 14 112 — 3

Vermont....... ................... 54 16 7 15 16 —

Middle We s t . .................... 11,357 1,559 2,986 6,513 234 65

Illinois. .......... 893 296 100 497

Indiana.................... 442 50 50 342 — ..

Iowa............................ 905 154 317 434 ..

Kansas. • .................... . 918 62 808 __ 5 43

Michigan......................... 1,882 156 55 1,456 215 __

Mi n n e s o t a......................... 1,180 355 333 482 __ 10

M i s s o u r i.......................... 1,010 89 56 851 14 ..

Nebraska. ...•••••............... 530 30 344 156 __ ..

North Dak o t a ...................... 173 50 25 98 __

Oh i o . ............................. 2,549 238 653 1,658 __

South Dakota. 65 20 45 __ __ —

Wisconsin. ...... ............... 810 59 200 539 —

12

So u t h .......... ..................... 18,410 1,790 4,835 11,391 53 336

A l abama........................... 1,913 175 1,425 313 _

Arkansas •••••••••...... . 374 14 59 291 10 —

Delaware. ••••....... •••••..... . 170 12 62 96 .. --

Florida. ........... ............... 467 150 156 161 — __

Georgia.............. ........... 1,256 -- 178 793 — 285

Kentucky. ••••••••••.•••....... . 1,198 93 781 324 — —

Louisiana......................... 1,319 25 368 926 . — —

Maryland......................... 589 85 32 467 — 5

Mississippi.................... 781 76 -- 659 -- 46

North Carolina................. . 818 80 400 338 — —

Oklahoma..•••.•••............... 275 100 150 — 25 —

South Carolina.. 243 115 28 100 __ ..

Tennessee. 1,620 51 192 1,377 — —

T e x a s...... ....................... 4,605 333 454 3,818 __

V i r ginia............ ........... .. 1,870 430 422 1,018 — ..

West Virginia.................... 912 51 128 710 23 —

Far W e s t ............................. 8,678 1,821 2,521 4,239 85 12

A l a s k a ................ .......... 94 22 «« 63 9

_ _

Ariz o n a . . ................... . 546 71 254 221 — —

California.••••••............... 3,997 749 712 2,524 — 12

Colorado. 418 50 337 31 --

Hawaii........................ .. 193 54 28 111 — —

Idaho. ••••••••...... . 247 85 75 55 32 --

M o n t a n a .......................... • 492 175 __ 317 — —

Nevada................... . 252 29 27 196 — —

New M e x i c o ............... . 543 277 95 171 ..

Oregon.................. 517 78 339 100 — —

U t a h ............................... 483 83 203 153 44 —

Washington. ........... . 496 95 401 -- — —

W y o ming................. ......... 400 53 50 297

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Table ^-37. Technicians in public works agencies (except highway), by occupation and State, January 1962

State

All

te c h n i c i a n s D r a f t s m e n S u r v e y o r s

E n g i n e e r i n g

t e chnicians

Physical

science

t e chnicians

O t her

tech n i c i a n s

T o t a l , ........ ......... . 707 116 31 4 1 4 3 143

N o r t h e a s t .......................... 187 14 3 96 2 72

C o n n e c t i c u t .................... . 9 9

M a i n e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . 5 1 _ 4

M a s s a c h u s e t t s . . __ __

N e w H a m p s h i r e . . . • • • • •..... . __ _ _ _ _ - w

N e w J e r s e y ................ . 4 __ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4

N e w Y o r k . ........ ........ .. _ _ __ --

P e n n s y l v a n i a . ................... 163 11 1 85 2 64

R h o d e I s l a n d . ................... 5 2 2 1

V e r m o n t ..... .................... 1 -- — 1 -- —

M i d d l e w e s t ............... ........ 82 28 9 35 .... 10

I l l i n o i s ,..................... . 1 1

I n d i a n a .......................... 11 3 7 1

__ 1

Iowa. ...................... . 1 1

_ _ __

Kansas. . ............... ........ 14 14 _ _ _ _

M i c h i g a n ......................... 7 __ _ _ 7

_ _ __

M i n n e s o t a . ..... ................. __ mm _ „ __

M i s s o u r i . . . . . . . ................ __ _ _ __

N e b r a s k a . • • • •..... . 11 1

__ 10 .... ....

N o rth D a k o t a . ................... 4 2 2 _ --

O h i o .............................. 27 5 _ _ 12 10

S o u t h D a k o t a . . . . . . . ........... 6 1

_« 5

Wi s c o n s i n . .................. — — — -- -- ..

South. ..................... . 316 41 11 226 ... 33

A l a b a m a • • • • • • •........ 22 8 14

A r k a n s a s . .......... . — __ _ .

D e l a w a r e . ................ . __ __

F l o r i d a . ........... ............. 2 2

__

G e o r g i a . . . . . . ................... -- ..

K e n t u c k y . ............... . — — _» ...

L o uisiana. 229 9 8 203 __ 9

M a r y l a n d . ..... ......... ........ 26 9 3 10 _ _ 4

M i s s i s s i p p i . . ........... . 3 1 1

__ 1

N o r t h C a r o l i n a . . . . . . .......... 1 __ _ _ 1

O k l a h o m a .................... . 5 1 .... ..... .. 4

S o u t h C a r o l i n a . • • • • • • • • •..... 1 ... _ _ 1

T e n n e s s e e . ....................... 1 1 • - ..

T e x a s . ............... . 21 10 9

.. 2

V i r g i n i a . ............... ........ 5 .. __ 3

__ 2

We s t V i r g i n i a . . . . . . . .......... — -- — .. __ —

F a r W e s t . .......... 122 33 8 57 1 23

A l a s k a ..... ...................... 10 10

A r i z o n a ..................... . .. . . _ _ __

C a l i f o r n i a , .... ......... . .. _ __

C o l o r a d o . .......... ............. 10 2 2 _ _ 6

H a w a i i . . • ........................ 15 8 1 4 . . 2

I d a h o ..... ....................... .. __ -- _ _ __

Mo n t a n a . . • • • • • • • • •...... . 15 11 2 _ _ 2

N e v a d a ...... .................... 9 1 .. 2 . . 6

N e w M e x i c o . . . . . . ............... 29 4 3 22 _ _ _ _

O r e g o n .......... .......... . 10 3 6 1

...

U t a h .............................. 16 4 2 3 . . 7

Was h i n g t o n , .............. . — .. _ _ __ ...

W y o m i n g . ......................... 8 — — 8 — —

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Table A— 38. Technicians in health and welfare agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962.

State All technicians Engineering technicians Physical science technicians

Medical, agricultural, and biological technicians

Other technicians

Total.....••••••••••••....... . 3,395 11*3 218 2,806 228

Northeast............... ...... ...... ...•• 810 26 63 676 1*5

Connecticut.............................. 37 _ -- 37 —

Maine..................................... 29 3 — 21* 2

Massachusetts.......................... . 102 11* — 81* 1*

New Hampshire........... ........... 17 — — 9 8

New Jersey............................... 92 — 15 77 — New York................................. 2U7 — 22 201* 21 Pennsylvania............................. 1# — — 151 1

Rhode Island......... .................. 75 — 26 1*1 8

Vermont.................... ............. 59 9 — 1*9 1

Middle West................................ 771 58 25 585 103

Illinois................................. 63 22 _ 1*1 —

Indiana................... .............. 95 — — 71* 21

Iowa............................... 6 — — k 2

Kansas................................... 12 — — 12 — Michigan................................. ll*5 — 1 121 23 Minnesota................................ 1*2 11 — 31 — Missouri.................................. 32 — — 32 — Nebraska........... .............. . UO 18 2 11 9

North Dakota............................ 30 — 12 18 —

Ohio..................................... 227 7 10 171* 36 South Dakota........................ 9 — — 8 1

Wisconsin................................ 70 — — 59 11

South...................................... 1,321 21 31 1,211 58

Alabama............... .............. .. • • 56 5 _ 1*1 10 Arkansas.............................. 12 — — 12 — Delaware................. ....... 6 — — — 6

Florida.................................. 108 — 2l* 82 2

Georgia*.... ....... ......... ........... 107 — 7 92 8

Kentucky*....................... ........ 50 5 — 1*1* 1

Louisiana. ••...••••.................... 117 — — 111 6

Maryland................................. 7l* — — 73 1

Mississippi* ...................... . — — — — — North Carolina......••••............... 72 — — 72 —

Oklahoma. ........ ....................... 7i* — — 70 1*

South Carolina*................... . 39 — — 31 8

Tennessee.•...•••••••.................. 181 2 — 179 — Texas.................................... 90 — — 90 — Virginia................................. 31U 9 — 293 12 West Virginia........................... 21 — — 21 —

Far West.......................... ........ U93 38 99- 331* 22

Alaska*........................... . 93 20 58 15 —

Arizona..................•••............ 13 2 — 10 1

California*.............................. 86 — 37 la 8

Colorado.................. .............. 22 5 — 13 h

Hawaii................................... 1* — — i* —

Idaho................. ............... . 32 — — 32 — Montana..................... ............ 6 — — 5 1

Nevada............................ ...... 8 — — — 8

New Mexico............ ••••••«••••••••• 15 — — 15 — Oregon.....................*............ 20 — — 20 —

Utah...................................... 17 — — 17 —

Washington.. 172 11 1* 157 — Wyoming.................................. 5 5

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Table A-39. Technicians in physical health agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962

State All technicians Engineering technicians

Medical, agricultural, and biological technicians

Physical science technicians

Other technicians

Total................................ 2,hh9 109 2,061 169 no

Northeast........................ ............. 5H2 23 U57 27 35

Connecticut*......... •..... ....... . 15 MM 15 __ __

Maine........ •••••......................... 15 MM 15 — — Massachusetts............................. . 89 1U 71 — h

New Hampshire............................... 17 — 9 — 8

New Jersey..................... 65 — 65 — — New York.........••••••...... ............. 2l»7 — 20U 22 21 Pennsylvania...................... 25 — 2h — 1

Rhode Island................................ 25 — 20 5 — Vermont.................................. . hh 9 3h —■ 1

Middle West................................... 361 36 287 23 15

Illinois..................................... 63 22 hi _ -MIndiana..................................... 32 — 20 — 12

Iowa................. ....................... h — h — — 12 — 12 — —

Michigan...................................... 71 — 69 1 1

Minnesota................................... 21 11 10 — — Missouri................................... 32 — 32 — — Nebraska.................................... 11 — 11 — — North Dakota.............................. . 27 — 15 12 — Ohio......................................... 19 3 6 10 — South Dakota................................ 9 — 8 — 1

Wisconsin.................... ....... ...... 60 — 59 — 1

South......................................... 1,101 12 1,032 31 39

Alabama..................... .............. h6 5 33 8

Arkansas................................ •••• 12 — 12 — — Delaware............................... 6 -- — — 6

Florida..................................... 108 — 82 2h 2

Georgia........................ .........•••• 106 . . — 91 7 8

Kentucky. ................................ . 27 > ■ 5 22 — — Louisiana................................ 117 — 111 — 6

Maryland....................••••••••...... hh — U3 — 1 Mississippi................................. — — — — — North Carolina............••••••••••...... 72 — 72 — — Oklahoma. ..............................••••• 7U — 70 — U

South Carolina....................... . 29 — 25 — k

Tennessee ..................•••••••....... . 181 2 179 — —

Texas............................... ........ 90 — 90 — —

Virginia.................................... 197 — 197 — — West Virginia............................... S - — — —

Far West........................... ........... U32 38 285 88 21

Alaska.......... ........................... 93 20 15 58 Arizona..,.................................. 13 2 10 — 1

California ................. •••••..... ••••. 65 — 32 26 7

Colorado...............................••••• 22 5 13 — h

Hawaii................. — — — — — Idaho............ ....................... . 32 — 32 — — Montana..................................... 6 — 5 — 1

Nevada..................................... . 8 — — — 8

New Mexico.............................. . 15 — 15 -- —

Oregon............................. ......... 15 — 15 — — Utah......................................... -17 — 17 — — Washington.......... •••••..... ............ Ui3 li 128 h — Wyoming......... ............................ 3 M 3 MM

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Table A-UO. Technicians in agriculture and conservation agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962

State Total technicians Draftsmen Surveyors Engineering technicians

Physical science technicians

Medical, agricul­ tural, and biological technicians

Other technicians

Total........................... 3,991 2U8 151 312 190 2,777 313

Northeast................................. 700 55 76 119 1 U20 29

Connecticut,........................... 2 __ «... __ 2 Maine................................... 25 k — 2 — 13 6 Massachusetts.......................... 36 2 — — — 3h — New Hampshire......... ................ 1 — ~ — — 1 — New Jersey.............................. 91 12 — 70 — 9 — New York.............................. . h$0 17 6h 15 — 338 16 Pennsylvania........................... 75 20 12 28 1 12 2

Rhode Island........................... 9 — — — — 6 3

Vermont................................. 11 — — U — 7 —

Middle West............................... 1,027 73 U5 78 27 768 36

Illinois................................ k2 2 _ 2 _ 32 6

Indiana................................. 28 3 l 5 — Hi 5

Iowa..................................... 151 8 10 16 h 113 — Kansas.................................. 59 8 — 9 8 29 5 Michigan.............................. . 100 13 h 11 8 6U Minnesota.............................. 50 11 6 —. — 33 — Missouri......... ...................... 63 5 7 3 2 hO 6

Nebraska.......................... . 28 1 11 2 — lh _

North Dakota........................... h9 — _ — — h6 3 Ohio................................ 281 8 3 21 — 2U5 h

South Dakota........... ............... 3h 3 — — 5 26 Wisconsin............................... XU2 11 3 9 — 112 7

South..................................... 732 50 16 U5 159 352 no

Alabama................................. 65 5 7 7 13 18 15 Arkansas.................... 21 __ __ __ 21 Delaware................................ h _ _ 1 1 1 l

Florida................................. 89 l — 16 2h 39 9

Georgia..•••••••••••••••••........... 15 l — ~ 6 — 8

Kentucky........................... 178 1 — 2 111 30 3h

Louisiana.............................. 73 3 1 h — 65 — Maryland................................ 2 1 1 — — — — Mississippi,........................... 21 — — — — 11* 7

North Carolina......................... U5 17 — 9 -- 19 —

Oklahoma......................... ••••• 1U h — — 1 3 6

South Carolina......................... ko 1 1 — — 17 21 Tennessee............................. . hO — — — — 35 5

Texas.................................. 36 11 h — — 21 — Virginia. • ............... ••••.......... 31 — — 3 3 22 3 West Virginia.......................... 58 5 2 3 — U7 1

Far West.................................. 1,532 70 1U 70 3 1,237 138

Alaska........................... 33 8 5 7 13 _

Arizona................................. lh 1 — — — 13 — California.............................. 888 35 5 22 — 769 57 Colorado................................ 52 3 — 1 — hh h

Hawaii................................... 23 1 — — — Hi 8

Idaho................................... 20 — — — — 20 — Montana......... ...................... . 30 — — — — 19 n

Nevada.................................. lli 1 — 3 — 1 9

New Mexico.............................. 7 — — — — 7 — Oregon................................... 222 9 — 23 1 160 29 Utah..................................... 22 3 — — — 12 7 Washington.............................. 108 8 a 11 2 70 13 Wyoming. ........................ ....... 99 1 3 95

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Table A-41. Technicians, scientists and engineers, and ratio of technicians to

scientists and engineers, by type of agency, January 1962

Agency Technicians

Scientists

and

engineers

Average number

of technicians

per 100

scientists and

engineers

T o t a l........................... 55,501 48,029 115.6

Highway and public w o r k s .............. 46,599 31,600 147.5

High w a y ............................... 45,892 30,778 149.1

Public w o r k s......................... 707 822 86.0

Health and welf a r e.................... 3,395 6,243 54.4

Physical h e alth...................... 2,449 4,955 49.4

Mental h e alth........................ 624 897 69.6

W e l f a r e ............................... 322 391 82.4

Agriculture and conservation......... 3,991 8,301 48.1

Fish and g a m e........................ 1,023 2,136 47.9

Agriculture.......................... 1,232 2,478 49.7

Natural resources................... 1,736 3,687 47.1

Other agencies......................... 1,516 1,885 80.4

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APPENDIX B

SCOPE AND METHOD OF SURVEY

This appendix provides a brief report on the scope and

methodology of the survey, and on some of the problems encountered in conducting it. This information serves as a

background for interpreting the data presented.

Coverage of the Survey

This is the second survey of scientific and technical personnel in State government agencies conducted by the Bureau of

Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor, l/ The survey

covered all State government agencies, within each of the 50

States, which were judged at all likely to employ persons working as scientists, engineers, or technicians, with the exception

of educational institutions which are covered by data collected

by the Office of Education of the U.S. Department of Health,

Education, and Welfare.

The State agencies excluded from this survey as not likely

to employ scientific or technical personnel are of three general

types--legislative bodies, judicial bodies, and boards and commissions with regulatory and licensing functions. However, the

overriding criterion was the apparent nature of the functions

of each individual agency. The mailing list of agencies was

compiled from current State directories and similar listings,

and telephone directories were used where necessary to obtain

precise agency names and addresses. The complete mailing list

included 1,670 agencies.

Conduct of the Survey

The questionnaire used in this survey (appendix C) was

developed in consultation with the National Science Foundation

and with the advice and cooperation of a number of State

officials. It was based on the questionnaire used in 1959 for

the same type of survey, in order to obtain reasonable comparability.

1/ See Employment of Scientific and Technical Personnel in

State Government Agencies, Report on a 1959 Survey, NSF 61-17,

prepared for the National Science Foundation by the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.

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However, some revisions were made in order to eliminate

items that yielded inadequate or unsatisfactory data in 1959,

or were considered unnecessarily burdensome to the respondent,

and to supplement and improve the quality of the data obtained

in 1962. Modifications included: Addition of separate reporting items for engineering technicians and physical science technicians; addition of items on educational attainment of scientists; addition of an instruction to exclude practitioners from

the data reported for psychologists; omission of separate reporting items for electrical and electronic engineers, mechanical

engineers, physicists, and metallurgists; omission of items for

educational attainment data on engineers; and omission of certain

items regarding scientific and technical personnel in research.

A preliminary draft of the questionnaire was tested by visits

to several State personnel departments and to several agencies

known to employ scientific and technical workers. Their comments

were useful in developing the final questionnaire. The questionnaires were mailed directly to the State agencies. In several

instances, additional copies of the questionnaire were requested

by the agencies for collecting data from their subunits.

The organizational structure of several States was not clear

from directories and other available information. Often it

appeared that a questionnaire was being sent to one or more subunits of an agency which was itself receiving a questionnaire.

In such cases, in order to avoid duplicate reporting, the higher

organizational unit was asked by special letter not to include

data on any subunits which were receiving separate questionnaires

these subunits were specifically identified in the letters. The

letters were mechanically reproduced in conjunction with the

printing of the address labels. There were 124 such letters sent

in the first mailing.

The questionnaires were mailed in July 1962. Of the 1,670

agencies contacted, 1,130 responded to this initial request. In

August 1962, followup letters to the remaining 540 agencies

yielded 378 additional responses. The final mail followup was

sent in September 1962 to the 162 agencies which had not yet

replied.

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After the final mailing, 60 agencies still had not replied.

Of these, 20 were known to be employers of large numbers of

scientific and technical personnel; they were contacted by telephone or telegram. At the close of the survey, 1,630 (or 98

percent) of the 1,670 agencies on the initial mailing list had

provided all or part of the information sought. Investigation

of available data on the 40 agencies not responding and not contacted by telephone led to the finding that 35 of them probably

employed no scientific and technical personnel and that the remaining 5 probably employed very few.

Insofar as possible, reporting errors were eliminated by

editing and checking procedures and through correspondence

with agencies whose reports appeared to involve serious inconsistencies or misinterpretation of questions or definitions.

In most cases where some schedule items were either unanswered or only partially answered, the missing data were

imputed on the basis of information given in other parts of

the schedule or on the basis of responses for similar agencies

in the same geographic area. In other cases, correspondence

was initiated in order to obtain the missing information.

Definitions

The brief definitions of important items printed on the

questionnaire (appendix C) were made reasonably comparable

to those used in the 1962 survey of scientific and technical

personnel employed in private industry. Necessary modifications were developed in consultation with officials of State

personnel departments and State agencies employing scientific

and technical personnel. The definitions were tested in several

State agencies before the final questionnaire was printed. The

objective was to formulate definitions which would accurately

and clearly describe the information and also be consistent

with standard personnel records.

Comparability Limitations

State-by-State comparisons of the statistics of scientific

and technical personnel in State government employment should

not be attempted without considerable supplemental information.

Wide differences exist among State agencies with similar titles,

with regard to the nature and scope of services provided, organizational structure, recordkeeping procedures, personnel practices,

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occupational titles, and many other characteristics. Some

variation in interpretation and application of the definitions was therefore inevitable. Also contributing to reduced

State-by-State comparability is the fact that functions performed by State governments in some States are performed by

local governments or contracted to private industry in other

States. 2/

Comparison of the 1959 and the 1962 data must be analyzed

with considerable caution, especially with respect to individual State data. Attempts were made to verify the reports

of those agencies which indicated very large changes in the

number of scientific and technical personnel they employed

over the 3-year period. The reported differences were often

found to be valid, reflecting significant changes in agency

activities. However, in some cases, the changes resulted

from differing interpretation of the definitions in 1959 and

in 1962.

In addition, the activity classification of some agencies

was changed from "other” in 1959 to a different category in

1962. However, the impact of this change on comparability

was slight because of the relatively small number of scientific and technical personnel in the agencies affected.

The 1959 and 1962 statistics on psychologists are not

comparable, because the 1962 questionnaire specifically excluded practitioners and the 1959 questionnaire did not.

Classification of Data

Agency Grouping. For purposes of this report, State

agencies were grouped into categories as follows:

Highway, public works, and related agencies

Highways--Departments of public roads; intrastate bridge

and turnpike authorities; etc.

Public Works--Departments of public works, engineering

and water resources; divisions of flood control; dam

authorities; etc.

2/ A survey of scientific and technical personnel in local

governments will be conducted in 1964 by the Bureau of Labor

Statistics. Data from the two surveys will yield some degree

of State-by-State comparability for State and local governments

combined.

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Health, welfare, and related agencies

Physical health--Departments of health, boards of pharmacy,

boards of water pollution; etc.

Mental health--Departments of mental health; mental health

boards; etc.

WeIfare--Departments of welfare; charity boards, youth

services; etc.

Agriculture, conservation and related agencies

Agriculture--Departments of agriculture; milk control

commissions; livestock sanitary boards; etc.

Fish and game--Departments of fish and game; fishery

products laboratories; etc.

Natural resources--Departments of conservation; forests

and parks; mines; geological surveys; etc.

Other--Types of agencies not classifiable into the above

categories. Examples: Departments of Commerce; Labor;

Budget; Banking; Taxation; Archives.

Classification was not precise for those agencies which

conducted activities extending into two or more of the categories listed above. In such cases, the classification was

based on the agency’s primary activities as indicated by the

schedule or other available information. The adverse effect

on the quality of the statistics was negligible, however,

since there were very few cases which had to be handled on

this basis.

Regional Groupings. The following regional groups of

States were established for convenience in presenting some

of the data for this survey:

Northeast. New England and Middle Atlantic States

(Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire,

New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island,

Vermont).

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South. South Atlantic, East South Central, and West

South Central States (Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware,

Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland,

Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina,

Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia).

Middle West. East North Central and West North Central

States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan,

Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, Soi-th

Dakota, Wisconsin).

Far West. Mountain and Pacific States (Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada,

New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming).

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APPENDIX C

QUESTIONNAIRE AND COVERING LETTERS

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B .L .S. N o . 2645 (R e v ise d 6 -1 5 -6 2 ) 70 B u d get B u reau N o . 4 4 - R U 8 1 . 

A p p ro v a l ex pires D e ce m b e r 31, 1962.

A S U R V E Y O F S C IE N T IFIC A N D T E C H N IC A L P E R S O N N E L 

E M P L O Y E D B Y S T A T E G O V E R N M E N T S

1 9 6 2

Conducted by the

U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R

Bureau of Labor Statistics

All information supplied on this form will be used for statistical 

purposes only and will not be published in a manner that will disclose information concerning individual agencies without their express 

permission.

If you employ scientists, engineers, or technicians, please complete 

the entire questionnaire, supplying as much information as possible. 

PLEASE N O T E .—Even if you do not employ any scientists, engineers, or

technicians, please answer item 1 below. Reasonable estimates will be satisfactory. Please enter “ O ” where appropriate, or “ not available” if 

such is the case, rather than leave a question unanswered. Data

should apply, if possible, to the pay period ending nearest January 

15, 1962.

If extra copies of the questionnaire would be helpful, they may be 

obtained on request.

Mail completed questionnaire to:

COMMISSIONER OF LABOR STATISTICS 

U.S. D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r

Washington 25, D.C.

IDENTIFICATION OF REPORTING UNIT

r n

Your reply to this questionnaire should be restricted, if possible, to the unit identified at left. 

Some agencies may receive questionnaires for each 

of their divisions. If it is not feasible to supply 

data for each division, please indicate in item 5 on 

page 3 the divisions or other units covered by this 

report.

L -1

(Change address if incorrect)

Terms in H E A V Y CAPITALS are defined on Pages 4 and 5. Please read definitions carefully.

January 1962

1. A. Total employment: Enter the T O TAL NUM BER OF PAID EMPLOYEES o f the REPO RTIN G U N IT (include

both full- and part-time employees).............................................................................................................................................. ...............................

b. SCIENTISTS A N D ENGINEERS: Enter the total number o f persons included in IA above who were working as

SCIENTISTS or ENGINEERS.................................................................................................................................................... ..............................

c. TECHNICIANS: Enter the total number o f persons included in 1A above who were working as TECH N ICIAN S... . ...............................

d. All other employees ( 1A minus lb and l c ) ........................................................................................................................................................... ..........

IF YOU EMPLOY AN Y SCIENTISTS, ENGINEERS, OR TECHNICIANS (entries in lb or lc ), PLEASE COMPLETE ENTIRE FORM. 

COMPLETE ONLY THIS PAGE IF ANSWERS TO BOTH lb AND lc ARE ZERO.

Name and title o f person to be addressed if questions arise concerning this report:

Telephone No.

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TiRMS IN HEAVY CAPITALS ARE DEFINED. PLEASE READ DEFINITIONS CAREFULLY

2. Please enter below the total number of persons on the payroll(s) o f the REPORTIN G U N IT working as SCIENTISTS or ENGINEERS in January 1962. The sum o f the entries in lines I and II o f column (1) should equal the entry for January 1962 in question lb on page 1. In the remaining 

columns and lines enter the number of SCIENTISTS and ENGINEERS engaged in the individual occupations shown and distribute them according to the functions in which they spent the greatest proportion of their time. Count each person only once. If you cannot supply all the 

detail requested, enter as much information as you can.

OCCUPATION

(Personnel working in borderline 

specializations, such as biochemistry, should be classified in the listed 

occupations with which their work 

is most closely identified.)

TOTAL 

EMPLOYED 

IN ALL 

FUNCTIONS

0 )

PRIMARY FUNCTION—JANUARY 1962

(Classify individuals according to the function occupying the greatest proportion of their time.)

RESEARCH

(includes product 

or process 

development)

(2)

PLANNING

(3)

INSPECTION

(4)

OPERATIONS

AND

SERVICES

(5)

ALL OTHER 

FUNCTIONS

(6)

I. Total EN GINEERS...................

a. C IV IL.......................................

b. All other ENGINEERS........

II. Total SCIENTISTS...................

c. Chemists...................................

d. Geologists and geophysicists..

e. M A TH EM A TIC IAN S........

f. MEDICAL SCIENTISTS. . . 

(exclude practitioners)

g. AGRICULTURAL 

SCIENTISTS.........................

h. BIOLOGICAL 

SCIENTISTS.........................

i. Psychologists (exclude practitioners) ....................................

j. All other SCIENTISTS (please 

specify occupation).................

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3. A. How many of the total number of SCIENTISTS have the following degrees? Count only one degree for each scientist. If a scientist has more 

than one degree, count only the degree listed first in the order below:

Total SCIENTISTS (same as item 2, line II, col. (1)) ........................................................................................................... ------- - ...... -

a. Ph. D. degree............................................................................................................................................................................. ...................................

b. Master’s degree........................................................................................................................................................................... ...................................

c. Bachelor’s or first professional degree (e.g., B.S., B.A., M.D., D.D.S., etc.).................................................................... ..................................

d. No degree................................................................................................................................................................................... ...................................

B. O f the degrees listed above for SCIENTISTS, how many are professional health degrees as specified below?

a. M.D. degree................................................................................................................................................................................ ..................................

b. D.D.S. degree............................................................................................................................................................................. ..................................

c. D.V.M. degree............................................................................................................................................................................ ..................................

d. Other professional health degrees............................................................................................................................................ ..................................

4. O f the TOTAL NUMBER OF PAID EMPLOYEES in January 1962, how many were employed as TECHNICIANS?

Total TECHNICIANS (same as item lc, page 1 )......................................................................................................................... ..... ........ ..... -

a. Draftsmen..........................................................................................................................................................................................

b. Surveyors...........................................................................................................................................................................................

c. Engineering technicians (except draftsmen and surveyors)........................................................................................................ ..................................

d. Physical science technicians.............................................................................................................................................................

e. Medical, agricultural and biological technicians........................................................................................................................... ..................................

f. All other TECHNICIANS.........................................................................................................................................................................................................

5. Please list any major organizational divisions or sections of the REPORTING UNIT and give the total number of scientists and engineers employed 

by each.

Name of sub-unit Total number of SCIENTISTS and ENGINEERS employed, 

January 1962

6. Please give a brief description o f the work performed by scientific and technical personnel employed by the REPORTIN G UNIT. (Descriptive 

pamphlets or other printed material will be especially helpful.)

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DEFINITIONS

R E P O R T I N G UNIT.— The State government agency or division of such agency to which this questionnaire is addressed and all the subdivisions and organizational units within that agency or its division, except for the exclusions specifically listed in this definition. Include State hospitals, clinics, prisons, and other institutions under the jurisdiction of

the reporting unit. Exclude State universities and colleges, agricultural experiment stations, agricultural extension services, or hospitals affiliated with State universities. However, include other State agencies which are located at State

universities.

T O T A L N U M B E R OF PAID EMPLOYEES.— All permanent and temporary employees paid by the reporting unit,

except for the exclusions specifically listed in this definition. Include both employees under civil service systems and

employees outside civil service. Include employees on State payrolls who work for local and county agencies. All classified, unclassified, and contract employees, exempt employees, laborers, and others paid directly by the reporting unit should

be included. Consultants (whether paid by project, fee, or other basis) should be included only if they were employed

full time during the reporting period or if it is known that their part-time employment by the reporting unit was their

primary employment. Exclude unpaid personnel, part-time consultants primarily employed elsewhere, or personnel on

the payroll of contracting firms.

SCIENTISTS.— Count as scientists all persons actually engaged in scientific work at a level which requires a knowledge of physical, engineering, mathematical, biological, agricultural, medical, psychological, and other natural sciences

equivalent at least to that acquired through completion of a 4-year college course with a major in these fields, regardless

of whether they hold a college degree in the field. Include scientists in research, planning, inspection, administration,

technical service, technical writing, technical drawing and exhibit design, data collecting, and all other positions which

require them to use the indicated level of scientific knowledge in their work. Exclude persons trained in science but currently employed in positions not requiring the use of such training. Exclude social scientists.

ENGINEERS.—Count as engineers all persons actually engaged in chemical, civil, electrical, mechanical, metallurgical,

and all other types of engineering work at a level which requires knowledge of engineering, physical, life, or mathematical

sciences equivalent at least to that acquired through completion of a 4-year college course with a major in one of these

fields, regardless of whether they hold a college degree in the field. Include those persons in research, planning, inspection, administration, technical service, technical writing, and other positions which require them to use the indicated level

of knowledge in their work. Exclude persons tjained in engineering, but currently employed in positions not requiring

the use of such training. Include architectural engineers but exclude architects. Also exclude stationary engineers.

(Draftsmen and engineering aids should be counted as technicians.)

TECHNICIANS.— Count as technicians all persons actually engaged in technical work at a level requiring knowledge

of physical, engineering, mathematical, biological, or other natural sciences comparable to the knowledge acquired through

technical institute, junior college, or other formal post-high school training less extensive than 4-year college training, or

through equivalent on-the-job training or experience. Some typical job titles are: draftsmen, surveyors, engineering aids,

laboratory technicians and assistants, conservationist aids, electronic technicians, X-ray technicians, and museum technicians.

Exclude personnel engaged primarily in care of patients. Exclude also skilled workers and craftsmen such as machinists,

plumbers, and electricians.

CIVIL ENGINEERS.— Include sanitary, construction, architectural, structural, highway engineers, and all other

civil engineering specialties. Also include city planning engineers.

MATHEMATICIANS.— Count as mathematicians only those persons whose position requires knowledge of mathematics equivalent at least to that acquired through a 4-year college course with a major in mathematics and who spend the

greatest proportion of their time in development or application of mathematical techniques. Include actuaries and mathematical analysts. Include statisticians and programmers for computers only if they specialize in mathematical techniques.

Exclude accountants.

MEDICAL SCIENTISTS.— Count as medical scientists only those physicians, dentists, public health specialists,

pharmacists, and members of other scientific professions concerned with the understanding of human diseases and improvement of human health, who spend the greatest proportion of their time in clinical investigation and other research, technical writing, and related activities. Exclude persons who spend the greatest proportion of their time in providing care

to patients, dispensing drugs or services, diagnosis, etc. Persons working as pathologists, microbiologists, pharmacologists,

etc. should be excluded from the figures on medical scientists and included in the figures on biological scientists.

A G R I C U L T U R A L SCIENTISTS.— Count as agricultural scientists all persons who spend the greatest proportion

of their time in understanding and improving agricultural productivity, such as those working in agronomy, animal husbandry, forestry, horticulture, range management, soil culture, and veterinary science. Exclude veterinarians who are

primarily engaged in providing care to animals.

BIOLOGICAL SCIENTISTS.— Count as biological scientists all persons who work in sciences which deal with life

processes, other than those classified as agricultural and medical sciences. Include pathologists, microbiologists, pharmacologists, bacteriologists, toxicologists, botanists, zoologists, etc.

RESEARCH.— Enter in column (2) of item 2 the number of scientists and engineers included in column (1) who

spend the greatest proportion of their time performing or supervising basic and applied investigation to advance scientific

knowledge in the natural sciences (including medicine and psychology) and engineering. Also include those persons

primarily engaged in technical development activities concerned with solving nonroutine problems encountered in applying

research findings or other general scientific knowledge to specific projects or processes. Exclude persons who spend the

greatest proportion of their time in quality control, routine testing, market research, routine gathering of statistics, or other

nontechnical activities or technical services.

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PLANNING.— Enter in column (3) of item 2 the number of scientists and engineers included in column (1) who

primarily perform or supervise technical activities concerned with formulating, initiating, or improving governmental programs, policies, legislation, or standards. Include scientists and engineers engaged in such activities as preliminary engineering and design of new highways, developing health programs, initiating conservation projects, devising new

construction programs, etc.

INSPECTION.— Enter in column (4) of item 2 the number of scientists and engineers included in column (1) who

primarily perform or supervise technical activities which deal with the enforcement of governmental laws, regulations,

standards, or programs. Include scientists and engineers engaged in such activities as testing and analysis of soils and

material used in road construction, of food and fertilizers for composition and compliance with State regulations, of drugs,

medicines, and cosmetics for deterioration and adulteration, etc. Also include those who inspect private hospitals, warehouses, restaurants, etc. for compliance with State regulations.

OPERATIONS A N D SERVICES.— Enter in column (3) of item 2 the number of scientists and engineers included

in column (1) who spend the greatest proportion of their time performing or supervising technical activities primarily

related to the regular operation of government programs other than inspection. Include scientists and engineers engaged

in such activities as managing forests and parks; purchasing materials; letting contracts; constructing and maintaining highways, hospitals, and other public works; controlling insects; field exploration for minerals, fuels, and other natural

resources; operating fish hatcheries; etc.

ALL O T H E R FUNCTIONS.— Enter in column (6) of item 2 the number of scientists and engineers included in

column (1) who spend the greatest proportion of their time performing functions other than those listed in columns (2)

through (5).

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U.S. DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

W a s h i n g t o n 25, D'.C.

In reply please

refer to No. 341

Gentlemen:

The Bureau of Labor* Statistics is conducting a survey to provide

data on the 1962 employment of scientific and technical personnel by the

50 State governments. The information requested is comparable to that

obtained in a similar survey conducted in 1959.

The findings of this survey— together with similar studies of

other segments of our economy— will be used in assessing the country's

present and future needs for scientists, engineers, and technicians and

in formulating policies and programs to strengthen our resources of

scientific and technical personnel. We hope the results will also be

useful to State governments in evaluating their own scientific manpower

needs and policies.

Your cooperation in providing the information requested in the

enclosed questionnaire is of great importance to the success of this

undertaking. Questionnaires are being mailed only to a selected group

of agencies in each State, and separate replies are needed from all of

these agencies, even those which do not employ any scientists, engineers.

or technicians. Please include in your return data for all organizational

units within the particular department or agency to which the questionnaire

is addressed except those units which your questionnaire indicates should

be excluded. A duplicate copy of each questionnaire is enclosed for your

files.

We shall be extremely grateful for a prompt response to this

survey. If you have any questions regarding coverage or the interpretation of the questionnaire, please call Mr. Harold Liebling of our Washington

staff (Executive 3-2420, extension 2607) or write to me.

Sincerely yours,

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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

BUREAU OF LABOR STATIST ICS

W a s h i n g t o n 25, D.C.

I n r e p l y p le a s e

r e f e r t o N o, 341

Gentlemeni

Several weeks ago we wrote you regarding a Bureau of Labor

Statistics survey of scientific and technical personnel employed by

State Governments. Since we have not yet received a reply, we are

writing again to request your cooperation.

This survey is part of a comprehensive program of studies of

scientific and technical personnel being undertaken by the Federal

Government. The findings of these studies will be used in assessing

the country*s present and future needs for such personnel and in

formulating scientific manpower policies and programs.

Information about your agency is important to the success of

this survey. Sven if you do not employ scientists, engineers, or

technicians, it is Important that the questionnaire be returned to us .

(if this is the case, only the first page need be lilted in.)

Reasonable estimates w ill be satisfactory. If information is

not available on a ll items covered by the questionnaire, please supply

as much as possible. For your convenience, we are enclosing additional

copies of the form.

If your agency is included in the report of another agenoy or

department, please advise us.

We shall be extremely grateful for a prompt response to this

survey. If you have any quastions regarding coverage or interpretation

of the questionnaire, please call Mr. Harold Liebling of our Waahington

ataff (Executive 3*2420, extension 2607) or write to me.

Very truly yours,

Inolosures

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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTIC*

W a s h i n g t o n 2 5 , D . C .

I n r e p l y p le a s e

r e f e r t o N o. 341

Gentlemen:

In early July, we wrote you regarding a survey of scientific and

technical personnel employed by State governments. In August we wrote

you again on this matter. According to our records, we have not yet

received your reply.

We are aware, of course, of the pressing obligations of your own

work. However, because of the Federal Government's vital need for data

on the country's manpower needs and resources, we are contacting you once

again to urge you to complete and mail the questionnaire. A report from

your organization Is very important even if you do not employ scientists,

engineers, or technicians. (If this is the case, only the first page

need be filled in.)-------

Reasonable estimates will be satisfactory. If information is not

available on all items covered by the questionnaire, please supply as much

as possible. For your convenience, we are enclosing additional copies of

the form. Please return one in the enclosed envelope and retain one for

your files.

If your agency is included in the report of another agency or

department, please advise us.

We shall be extremely grateful for a prompt reply. If you have

any questions regarding coverage or interpretation of the questionnaire,

please call Mr. Harold Liebling of our Washington staff (Executive 3*2420,

extension 2607) or write to me.

Sincerely yours,

Enclosures

☆ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1964 0-735-216

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