COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA 

Present: Chief Judge Felton, Judge Haley and Senior Judge Coleman 

STEVE AUSTIN 

 MEMORANDUM OPINION* 

v. Record No. 0781-08-1 PER CURIAM 

SEPTEMBER 30, 2008 

NEWPORT NEWS DEPARTMENT 

 OF HUMAN SERVICES 

FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE CITY OF NEWPORT NEWS 

C. Peter Tench, Judge 

 (Charles E. Haden, on brief), for appellant. 

 (Lynn A. Sugg, Senior Assistant City Attorney; Holly A. White, 

Guardian ad litem for the minor children; White & White; on brief), 

for appellee. 

 On March 26, 2008, the trial court terminated the residual parental rights of Steve Austin 

(appellant), to his sons, C.W. and C.W-A., pursuant to Code § 16.1-283(C)(2). On appeal, 

appellant contends the evidence was insufficient to support the trial court’s ruling. Upon 

reviewing the record and briefs of the parties, we conclude this appeal is without merit. 

Accordingly, we summarily affirm the decision of the trial court. See Rule 5A:27. 

FACTS

 On appeal, we view the evidence in the “‘light most favorable’ to the prevailing party in 

the circuit court and grant to that party the benefit of ‘all reasonable inferences fairly deducible 

therefrom.’” Toms v. Hanover Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 46 Va. App. 257, 262, 616 S.E.2d 765, 767 

(2005) (quoting Logan v. Fairfax County Dep’t of Human Dev., 13 Va. App. 123, 128, 409 

S.E.2d 460, 463 (1991)). 

 *

 Pursuant to Code § 17.1-413, this opinion is not designated for publication. 
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 C.W. was born on October 7, 1997, and C.W-A. was born on April 29, 1999. Appellant, 

the boys’ father, was not married to their mother. 

 On December 30, 2005, C.W. and C.W-A. were living temporarily in Newport News 

with Mary Austin (Austin), appellant’s mother.1

 Austin contacted the Newport News 

Department of Human Services (DHS) and requested the children be removed from her care. 

Accordingly, DHS removed C.W. and C.W-A. from Austin’s home and placed them in foster 

care. 

 DHS advised appellant in writing that to achieve reunification with his sons he was 

required to obtain safe and stable housing, provide financial resources to meet the children’s 

needs, and improve family relationships and parenting skills. DHS offered appellant specific 

assistance to help him meet these goals. 

 Christina Riley, a parent support specialist for DHS, was in weekly contact with appellant 

from March to October 2006. Appellant did not complete or consistently attend the various 

parenting classes and counseling opportunities to which DHS referred him. Nor did appellant 

maintain steady employment. Riley referred appellant to a number of agencies for health care, 

but appellant did not follow through on these opportunities. DHS also gave appellant referrals 

relating to employment and housing. Riley consistently offered to supply appellant with needed 

transportation for service appointments. Not only did appellant not avail himself of the 

opportunities provided by DHS, he also was resistant to Riley’s efforts to help him manage his 

finances in a responsible manner. 

 During his contacts with DHS, appellant acknowledged that he had been abusing 

substances by “sniffing drugs.” DHS workers instructed appellant to obtain substance abuse 

1

 A few days before, Austin had taken steps to evict appellant from her home because he 

was disruptive. 
treatment. However, appellant did not make the appropriate contacts and obtain substance abuse 

treatment. 

 DHS arranged supervised visitation for the children with appellant and the children’s 

mother. During the visitation sessions, appellant and the mother would get into altercations 

regarding the requirements of the foster service plans.2

 Eventually, after appellant and the 

mother consistently failed to appear at the DHS office for scheduled visitation, DHS had them 

agree to be present at the agency one hour before the time of the visits to avoid disappointment to 

the children. 

 Dr. Alan Rountree, a licensed clinical psychologist, began treating C.W. and C.W-A. in 

April 2006. At the time, C.W-A. was in kindergarten. He exhibited explosive and volatile 

behavior at school and in his foster home. He was angry and fearful. C.W.’s behavior 

difficulties were less severe than those of C.W-A. C.W. was easily upset and noncompliant with 

the requests of his foster parents. Both boys had been removed from their initial foster care 

placement due to their disruptive behavior. 

 C.W. and C.W-A. remained in the same foster home from March 2006 until the 

termination hearing on March 26, 2008. The behavior of both boys had stabilized, although 

C.W-A. continued to struggle at times. Both boys had a difficult time trusting adult caregivers. 

Dr. Rountree opined that removing the boys from their foster care placement would prove 

emotionally devastating for them. The boys’ foster care parents are interested in adopting them. 

 On June 10, 2006, Dr. Natalia Boyd performed a psychological evaluation upon 

appellant. Boyd found that appellant exhibited features of narcissistic personality disorder and 

paranoid personality disorder. Appellant told Boyd that his life circumstances, particularly his 

 2

 Appellant had been arrested three times in relation to domestic disputes with the boys’ 

mother. 
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lack of employment or appropriate housing, did not affect the children. Moreover, appellant 

took no responsibility for the children’s welfare. Due to the anger appellant exhibited during the 

evaluation, Boyd recommended that appellant participate in individual therapy to address his 

stress and frustration and to improve parenting skills. 

 In June 2007, appellant stopped providing DHS information regarding his progress 

toward meeting the stated goals for reunification. Although appellant maintained he was 

working at Riverside Hospital, he did not provide DHS with verification of that employment. 

Nor did appellant provide any indication he had secured stable housing for himself and the 

children. 

 At the termination hearing, appellant testified that he had recently completed a parenting 

class. Appellant also expressed a desire to be reunited with C.W. and C.W-A. However, 

appellant acknowledged that he did not then have an appropriate place to live with his sons. 

ANALYSIS

 When reviewing a decision to terminate parental rights, we presume the circuit court 

“‘thoroughly weighed all the evidence, considered the statutory requirements, and made its 

determination based on the child’s best interests.’” Toms, 46 Va. App. at 265-66, 616 S.E.2d at 

769 (quoting Fields v. Dinwiddie County Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 46 Va. App. 1, 7, 614 S.E.2d 656, 

659 (2005)). “The trial court’s judgment, ‘when based on evidence heard ore tenus, will not be 

disturbed on appeal unless plainly wrong or without evidence to support it.’” Id. at 266, 616 

S.E.2d at 769 (quoting Logan, 13 Va. App. at 128, 409 S.E.2d at 463 (citation omitted)). “In its 

capacity as factfinder, therefore, the circuit court retains ‘broad discretion in making the 

decisions necessary to guard and to foster a child’s best interests.’” Id. (quoting Farley v. Farley, 

9 Va. App. 326, 328, 387 S.E.2d 794, 795 (1990)). 
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 Appellant contends the evidence did not prove the circumstances required for termination of 

his parental rights pursuant to Code § 16.1-283(C)(2). A termination pursuant to Code 

§ 16.1-283(C)(2) requires the trial court to find by clear and convincing evidence that termination 

was in the child’s best interests and 

[t]he parent or parents, without good cause, have been unwilling or 

unable within a reasonable period of time not to exceed twelve 

months from the date the child was placed in foster care to remedy 

substantially the conditions which led to or required continuation 

of the child’s foster care placement, notwithstanding the 

reasonable and appropriate efforts of social, medical, mental health 

or other rehabilitative agencies to such end. 

Code § 16.1-283(C)(2). 

 More than two years had passed between the boys’ removal from Austin’s home and the 

termination hearing. The evidence proved that during that period of time appellant had made 

little to no progress toward achieving the goals necessary for reunification with his children. 

Despite numerous referrals and offers of assistance from DHS, appellant had failed to complete 

the recommended treatment and counseling programs to help him address poor self-management 

and parenting issues. Eventually, appellant had refused to cooperate with DHS by providing 

information concerning his progress. Moreover, the evidence proved appellant had failed to 

maintain steady employment and he had no suitable place for his children to live. 

 We recognize that ‘“[t]he termination of [residual] parental rights is a grave, drastic and 

irreversible action.’” Helen W. v. Fairfax County Dep’t of Human Dev., 12 Va. App. 877, 883, 

407 S.E.2d 25, 28-29 (1991) (quoting Lowe v. Dep’t of Public Welfare of Richmond, 231 Va. 

277, 280, 343 S.E.2d 70, 72 (1986)). However, “[i]t is clearly not in the best interests of a child 

to spend a lengthy period of time waiting to find out when, or even if, a parent will be capable of 

resuming his [or her] responsibilities.” Kaywood v. Halifax County Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 10 

Va. App. 535, 540, 394 S.E.2d 492, 495 (1990). 
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 In determining what is in the best interests of a child, this Court has stated: 

a court must evaluate and consider many factors, including the age 

and physical and mental condition of the child or children; the age 

and physical and mental condition of the parents; the relationship 

existing between each parent and each child; the needs of the child 

or children; the role which each parent has played, and will play in 

the future, in the upbringing and care of the child or children; and 

such other factors as are necessary in determining the best interests 

of the child or children. 

Barkey v. Commonwealth, 2 Va. App. 662, 668, 347 S.E.2d 188, 191 (1986). 

 C.W. and C.W-A. were ages nine and ten at the time of the termination hearing, and both 

had been in foster care for more than two years. Though they still exhibited emotional 

difficulties, both C.W. and C.W-A. had made progress while in foster care and in treatment with 

Rountree. Rountree opined that removal from their foster family, with whom the boys had an 

opportunity for adoption, would prove emotionally devastating to them. Thus, the evidence 

supports the trial court’s decision that termination of appellant’s parental rights was in the 

children’s best interests. 

CONCLUSION

 Accordingly, we find appellant’s appeal is without merit, and we summarily affirm the 

decision. 

 Affirmed.