IN TH E U N ITED STA TES D ISTRICT CO U RT FO R TH E

SO UTH ERN D ISTRICT O F FLO RID A

W EST PALM BEA CH D IV ISION

DONALD J.TRUMP,

Plaintb.f

U N ITED STATES OF AM ERICA,

Defendant

Dated:O ctober30,2022

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nothlghlighted

JURYTRIALDEM ANDED

M OVANT-INTERVENOR (PRO SEI-RAJK.PATEL'S

FIFTH AM EN D ED D KT.87

1,T.E.,T.EIRN K.PATEL,theundersigned m ovant-intervenorprOse,in theabovenam edcase,withapendingm otion atDkt.36,herebysubm itthisfihhamendedreplyto

Defendant-unitedStatesofAm erica'sResponseatDkt.48,whichiswrittentobeanadditiontoDkt.60(duplicatefilingatDkt.61),orasmyresponsetoDefendant'sM otionat

Dkt.69.L.R.7.1(c)(2)(10pages,frontandback).Amendments.SecondAmendments.

Third Am endments.FourthAmendments.FifthAmendments.

W HEREAS,''AttorneyGeneralBrewsterexplainedmorethanacenturyago,'ltlhere

aretw okindsofofficialterm s'...Onekind of'term 'referstoaperiod ofpersonalservice.

In thatcase,'theterm isappurtenantto theperson/...Anotherkind of'term 'refersto

afixedslotoftimetowhichindividualappointeesareassigned...-fhere,'thepersonisapPurtenanttotheterm '...ln otherw ords,a'term ofoffice'can eitherrunwith theperson

orwiththecalendarz''UnitedStates'n.Wilson,290F.3d347,353(D.C.Cir.2002)(quoting

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 1 of 46
Comm'rsoftheDist.ofColumbia,17Op.Att'yGen.476,476-79(1882));Holingswortbv.

Perry,570 U.S.693,723,133S.Ct.2652,2672(2013);and,

W HEREAS,thePresidentialRecordsAct,44U.S.C.jj2201-2209,makestheformer

PresidentapartoftheExecutiveBranch,and m orespecifically thePresidency,W ilson,

290F.3d at353 & Federalist78;and,

W HEREAS,executivePrivilege''safeguardsthepublicinterestin candid,confidentialdeliberationswithintheExecutiveBranch;itis'fundam entaltotheoperationofGovernmentz'''Trumpv.M azarsU.S.,LLP,140S.Ct.2019,2032(U.S.2020/and,

W HEREAS,al1Presidentialdata''gislpresumptivelyprivilegedz''Nixonp.Sirica,487

F.2d700,716(D.C.Cir.1973:and,

W HEREAS,''informationsubjecttoexecutiveprivilegedeserves'thegreatestprotectionconsistentwiththefairadministrationofjustice,z''M azars,140S.Ct.at2024(quotingUnitedStatesv.Nixon,418U.S.683,715(1974)/and,

W HEREAS,''gtlhehighrespectthatisowedtotheofficeoftheChiefExecutive...is

amatterthatshould inform theconductoftheentireproceedinp''Clinton'f?.Jones,520

U.S.681,705,117S.Ct.1636,1650-51(1997),andthatthereisatraditionoffederalcourts'

affording ''the utm ostdeference to PresidentialresponsibilitiesClinton,117 S.Ct.at

1652,/'InreLindsey,158F.3d1263,1280(D.C.Cir.1998)(lquotingNixon,418U.S.at710-

11)(internalquotationmarksomittedl);and,

W HEREAS,''jtlheauthority toprotectnationalsecurity information fallson the

Presidentz''Dep'toftheNavyv.Egan,484U.S.518,527(1988),seealso,e.g.,Mumhyp.Sec'y,

U.S.D@7,/ofArmy,769Fed.Appx.779,792(11thCir.2019),&Dkt.69at13;and,

2

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 2 of 46
'.

W HEREAS,forpurposesofPresidentialRecordsAct,theincum bentPresidentwho

transitionstoform erPresidentzisan ''agent''ofthepeople,Egan,484U.S.at529,Federalist78,& D kt.69at18;and,

W HEREAS,theSuprem eCourthasem phasizedthatprivilegeclaim s,''m ustbeconsideredinlightofourlaistoriccommitmenttotheruleoflaw''and''ltqheneedtodevelop

al1relevantfactsintheadversarysystemz''Nixon,418U.S.at708-09& Dkt.69at99and,

W HEREAS,''liln the performance ofassigned constitutionalduties,(Executive

branchloftheGovernmentmustinitially interprettheConstitution,and...-f'hePresident'scounsel,aswehavenoted,readstheConstim tionasprovidingan absoluteprivilegeofconfidentiality forallPresidentialcom m unicationsz''N ixon,418 U.S.at703-4,28

U.S.C.j516,Vargasv.UnitedStates,114Fed.CI.226,236(2014)(''Thegovernment's

relianceon28U.S.C.j516ism isplaced.''l;& seegenerallyDavidA.Stzauss,''Pzesidential

lnterpretationoftheConstimtioa''15CardozoL.Rev.113,113-135(1993)1;and,

W HEREAS,in otherwords,''executivebranch mustinterprettheConstitudonbeforeitcandecidewhattodoz''seegenerallyStrauss,15CardozoL.Rev.at113-135)and,

W HEREAS,theSupremeCourthas''rejectfedltheargumentthatonlyanincumbent

Presidentmayassert''separation-of-powersclaims,Nixonv.Adm'rofGen.Servs.,433U.S.

425,439(1977/and,

W HEREAS,thereisaninternal,horizontaland vertical,separation ofpowerson interpretingtheConstitutionwithintheExecutiveBranch;and,

1.David A.Strauss,''PresidentiallnterpretadonoftheConstitutioa ''15CardozoL.Rev.113,113-

135 (1993), https:/kchicagounbound.tlchicago.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=l&articlecooo6&contextujournalarticlesipresidential.

3

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W HEREAS,Privilegeandim m unitiesm aybeusedtosustain separation ofpowers

insidebranchesofgovernm entandacrossgovermnentsundertheUnitedStatesConstitution;and,

W HEREAS,theUnitedStatesDepartmentofStateisresponsibleforinterpretingand

elaboratingonthePrivilegesandImmunitiesClause,U.S.const.art.IV,j2;

W HEREAS,theUnitedStatesDepartm entofStateshow sitselaborationonthePrivilegesand Im munitiesClauseintheUhited StatesOrderofPrecedencebytheOfficeof

the ChiefofProtocol,https://www .state.gov/wp-content/uploads/zozz/oz/unitedStates-order-of-precedence-February-zozz.pdf(revisedFeb.11,2022)& U.S.const.azt.

IV,j2;and,

W HEREAS,theUrtitedStatesDepartmentofJustice,theAttorneyGeneral,orU.S.

AttorneyJuan Gonzales,did notfollow theUnited StatesOrderofPrecedenceduly establishedbytheOfficeoftheChiefofProtocol,1d.;and,

W HEREAS,theincumbentPresidentoftheUrtitedStateshassupported theUrtited

StatesOrderofPrecedencehousedbytheUnitedStatesDepartm entofStateOfficeofthe

ClaiefofProtocol,wlnic.h showsthatform erPresidentTrum poutranksincumbentAttorneyGeneralMerrickGarland,Id.& 3U.S.C.jj301etseq.:and HolingswoAht133S.Ct.

at2673-74 (proponents''arenotelected''and ''decideforthemselves,withno review,

whatargumentstom akeandhow to makethem ''indefenseoftheenacted initiative,...

thosesame chargescould be Ieveledwithequalifnotgreaterforceatthespecialprosecutorsjuétdiscussed#'l/'and,

4

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W HEREAS,thus,theUrtited StatesDepartmentofStateand theUnited StatesDe1

partmentofJusticeareadversariesinoursystem ofruleoflaw,inordertocreateaseparationofpowersandchecksandbalance,butcf.DoctrineofComitp U.S.const.art.1V,j

2,& 28U.S.C.j516;andz

W HEREAS,theincumbentPresidentoftheUnitedStateshasnotcleared,norm ay

rat'ifyunconstitutionalactstom akethem consdtutionalzzbreachofprotocol;and,

W HEREAS,theexecutiveDepartmentsanditsHeadshavebeen created,byanAct

ofCongress,andappointedby thePresident,with adviceand consentfrom theSenate,

Freytagr.Commr,501U.S.868,886,917(1991)(discussingHeadsandprincipalofficers

oftheexecudvedepartments);and,

W HEREAS,theExecutiveBranch's''interpretationofits(own)powers...isduegreat

respectfrom theothersz''Nixon,418U.S.at703-49and,

W HEREAS,formerPresidentsretain ''actualauthority''to bind the Governmentof

the United Statesto contractualobligations necessary to carry outthe dutiesoftheir

unique Iegaloffices,including in Congress'United StatesCourtofFederalClaims,The

TuckerAct,28U.S.C.jj1346(a)&1491,Schfsm v.UnftedStates,316F.3d 1259,1304-

2.Underthecom m onlaw ,theincum bentKingm aychangeprotocolat-willagainstaform erH ead

ofStateoraprecedingM onarch;thosevestedpowersareembeddedintheUnitedStatesConstitutionand

rem ain constantuntillawfuly am ended.Besides,asthecom plaintand AtlorneyGeneral'sM errickGarland'spublic,apolitical,andlegalcommentsshow,currently,ortlyaunitofanExecudvebranchhasacted,

i.e.theDepartmentofJustice-F.B.1.,ratherthantheExecutivebranchaswhole.Dkt.1at10.Tonosurprise,

evenagainstaform erpresident,inordertolegalyconditionthepeacefultransitionofpower,theExecutive

powerismuchweakerthanofacommonlaw King's.UnitedStatesp.ProvidenceJournalCo.,485U.S.693,

701(1988)(morethanone''UnitedStates''is''startlingv).MaineCmty.Hea/thOptfonsv.UnftedStates,

14OS.Ct.1308,1334(Alito,J.,dissenting)(internalcitationsomitted)(''federalcommonIaw''hasunique

interests).

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06(Fed.Cir.2002),seesupra,p.15n.5,andbutcfHolingswoAbt133S.Ct.at2667,.

and,

W HEREAS,''(a11powersof1aw enforcement...areassignedunderourConstitudon

totheExecutiveandtheJudiciarp''Quinnv.UnitedStates,349U.S.155,161(1955).

THEREFORE,onlyaunitoftheExecutiveBranch,thecurrentAttorneyGeneral,has

broughtchargesagainstformerPresidentTrum pinviolationoftheinter-w orkingsofthe

executivebranchprotocol,orderedbytheincumbentPresidentBiden,ashousedbyPresidentBiden'ssubordinates,whoarealsoeithertheAttorney General'ssuperiorsorcoequalsonthesubject-matterzintheUnitedStatesDepar% entofState.

FURTHERMORE,thePresident,thecourts,ortheExecutiveBranchcannotmutedistinctionsofoffice,person,state,andgovernm ent,astheyareanelaboradonoftheUnited

StatesConstitution Privilegesand Im munitiesClause,which laysoutthestructureand

lanesofenforcement.Pofndexterv.Greenhow,114U.S.270,290(1884)(''thedistinction

betweenthegovernm entofaState and the State itselfisim polant,and rshallbeobserved.'')(underlineadded).lnreQuarles& Butler,158U.S.532,536-37(1895)(internal

citatfonsomîtted)& UnftedStatesv.Harrfs,1O6U.S.629,638& 643-44(1883).Federalist

80(''Thepowerofdetermining...dissensionsand privatewarswhichdistractedand desolated Germanypriortothe institutionoftheIm perialChamberbyMaximilian,towards

thecloseofthefiheenthcentury;and informsus,atthesametime,ofthevastinfluence

ofthatinstitutioninappeasingthedisordersand establishing thetranquillityofthe empire.ThiswasacourlinvestedwithauthoritytodecidefinallyaIIdifferencesam ong the

membersoftheGermanicbody...Itmaybeesteem edthebasisoftheUnion.'').

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wHEREAS,inorderforafederaldistrictcourtoflaw tohavepersonaljurisdiction,

underFed.R.Civ.12(b)(2),t'raditionalnotionsof''naturaljusticez''''fairplap''and''substantialjustice''mustata1timenotbeviolated,M cDonaldv.M abee,243U.S.90,92(1917),

JointAnti-FascistComm.v.M cGrath,341U.S.123,123(1951),Breithaupt'n.Abram,352U.S.

432,435(1957)(shocktheconscienceztraditionalnotionsoffairplayanddecencp indicia

ofnotapeacefultransitionofpowercausedbyDefendant-Dolisaviolationoftheconsdence),Gonzalesv.UnitedStates,348U.S.407,412(1955)(''underlyingconceptsofproceduralregularityandbasicfairp1ay''),Int'1ShoeCo.,f7.Washington,326U.S.310,324&

326(1945),UnitedStatesr.Lovasco,431U.S.783,796(1977)(dueprocessembodies''fundamentalconceptionsofjustice''and''thecommunity'ssenseoffairplayanddecency'')

(seeFederalist77,UnitedStatesasacommurtity),Cnty.ofSacramentop.Lewis,523U.S.

833,847(1998)(conscience-shockingbehavioris''so'brutal'and'offensive'thatit(doesl

notcomportwithtraditionalideasoffairplayanddecency.'')(abuseofexecutivepower)

(decenciesof''civilized conductz''epitomized in U.S.const.art.IV,j2)(bowingand

curtsyamongstandtostateactorsortheeffectinourcornmtmity),& Sessionsv.Dimaya,

138S.Ct.1204,1212(2018)(requiredbyboth''ordinarynotionsoffairplayandthesettled

rulesoflaw.'');and,

W HEREAS,traditionalnotionsofnaturaljusticestatesaformerT.H.(T.E.)President

oftheUnitedStates(T.E.PresidentoftheUnitedStatesfora11documentsforeignaffairs),

from theNaturalState,ismorefitthanthecurrentcourt(judgeandDefendant)andthe

NaturalOrderdem andsthattheincumbentAttorneyGeneralyield topressingcharges

againstPlaintiff,ourform erH ead ofState,seeU nited StatesOrderofPrecedence-united

StatesDep'tofState-officeoftheChiefofProtocol,U.S.const.art.1V,j2,&Dkt.60at2,

5,5n.3,& 7;and,

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WHEREAS,traditionalnotionsofbasicfairplayandsubstantialjusticehavebeen

violated,seee.g.Obergefelv.Hodges,576U.S.644,742(2015)(harshtreatmentisnotfair

play)(gaysandlesbianshavebeendeniedtheNaturalOrder,pursuanttotheiraclnievem entsin civilsocietp asthewealthiestcom m ulzitp particularly,gaym en,in theUnited

States;thesam eillnesshasentered stateand governm entalinstitutions,preventing the

NamralOrder,includingingoverningtheDefendant'sdecisions)(Plaintiffhasbeendenied rightfulplacein theafterm ath ofhishonor'sincumbency asPresidentofUrtited

Statesp& Pet.forW ritofCert.*58-9,Patelz7.UnitedStates,No.22-5280(U.S.202-/and,

W HEREAS,even with explicitirtform ed consentthePlaintiffcannotavailhim self

beforethiscourtbecausehisavailmentcannotovercom etheviolationtraditionalnotions

offairplay,naturaljustice,andsubstantialjusticeasappliedtothecourtandanypossible

rulingbythiscourt,U.S.const.art.lV,j2& seealsoUnitedStatesOrderofPrecedenceUnitedStatesDep'tofState-officeoftheChiefofProtocol;and,

W HEREAS,thiscourtcannotattachpersonaljurisdictiontothePlaintiffasitwould

violatethetraditionalnotionsoffairplay,naturaljustice,andsubstandaljustice,and,

thus,itsopinionwouldonlybeadvisory;and,

W HEREAS,Equity and theGood Consciousnessalso doesnotsupportthisprosecution;and,

W HEREAS,inaddition,thecorollarytoPlaintiff'sformerPresidentialprivilege,immurtity,isthecourt'slimitedjudicialreview,Federalist78,U.S.const.art.IV,j2,art.l11

(originalintent),& amend.V.M arburyv.Madison,5U.S.137(1803).

THEREFORE,thisCourtshoulddismisssuasponteunderFed.R.Civ.P.12(b)(2),as

theCourtdoesnothavepersonaljurisdictionforPlaintiff,orFed.R.Civ.P.12(b)(6),for

3.https:/khrc-prod-requests.s3-us-west-z.amazonaws.com /W age-Gap-Appendix.pdf.

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failuretostateaclaim uponwhichreliefcanbegranted,asthereisnoenforcem entm echartism torequirethePlaintiff,theform erHeadofStateandform erPresident,whoisalso

Privileged,pertheNaturalState,andislm mune,pertheNaturalStatetoo;thedeficienciescan onlybecuredby new chargesbroughtdirectlyby theincumbentPresident,by

hisowncounselor,ratherthantheincum bentAttorneyGeneral.

FURTHERMORE,thenotionsofnaturaljustice,fairplay,andsubstandaljusdcebuttresscastledoctrine,asgenerallyapplied,andPlaintiff'scastlecan urtiquely,alongwith

thepastPresidents,can withstand a1lforcesexceptthosedirectly and constitutionally

com m andedbytheincum bentPresident,e.g.UrtitedStatesSecretServiceorU nited States

Arm edandSpaceForce.SeeDkt.60at2,5,5n.3,& 7.Thisisalso becausedueprocess

cannotoverride a Prïvilege orImmunity,and substantive due processisconsiderate of

Privilegesand lmm unities,perthe Federalistand Anti-Federalistcontractofthe Bil1of

Rights,and the interestofthe Foundersand Amendersto presewe the culture ofour

Nation.U.S.const.art.IV,j2& am end.XIV,j2,cI.1;Lovasco,431U.S.at796,.Federalist80(''ltmaybeesteemedthebasisoftheUnion,that'thecitizensofeachStateshall

be entitledto allthe privilegesand immunitiesofcitizensoftheseveralStates.''And if

itbeajustprinciplethateverygovernmentOUGHTTO POSSESSTHEMEANSOFEXECUTING ITS OW N PROVISIONS BY ITS OW N AUTHO RITY.'');Pet.forW ritofCert.*

1' tjs const 58-9,Pate/v.United States,No.22-5280 (U.S.202-);& compare .. . art.IV,jj

1-2fwitbU.S.const.art.VI,j1referringtoArticlesofConfederation(1781),art.lV,paras.

1& 3(''Thebetlertosecureandperpetuatemutualfriendshipand intercourseamong

thepeopleofthedifferentStatesinthisUnionfi.e.,DoctrineofCom ityinU.S.const.art.

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IV,j2J,thefreeinhabitantsofeachoftheseStates,paupers,vagabonds,andfugitives

from justiceexcepted,shalbeentitledtoaIprivilegesandimmunitiesoffreecitizensin

the severalStatesi...provided also thatno imposition,dutiesorrestrictionshallbe laid

byanyState,onthepropertyofthe United States,oreitherofthem .''//''FuIIfaithand

creditshalbegivenineachoftheseStatestotherecords,acts,andjudicialproceedings

ofthecourtsand magistratesofeveryotherState.'')(l''magistrates''replacedwith''citizen'')(seeDkt.21at13)(seea/soPate/v.United States,No.1:21-cv-02004-LAS(Fed.

CI.202- ),Dkt.1at9-10n.6)).

UNDERFED.R.Clv.P.24,Ihaveacomm on questionof1aw orfactorinterestinthe

transactionbecauseafavorablerulingtotheDefendantcanviolatem yExcellencies,the

style/titles,andmy careerand statesmanship by extension ofthisrulingamongst1icensed Goverrtm entalactors,local,state,federal,and international,whomightsym patitizewiththisCourl'sunconstitutionality.

W HEREAS,theSuprem eCourthasheld thataform erPresidentmay notsuccessfully assertexecutivepzivilegeagainstreview by ''thevery ExecutiveBranch in whose

nametheprivilegeisinvokedz''Nixon,433U.S.at447-48& Dkt69at8;4and,

W HEREAS,executivePrivilegeandexecuHveIm munityarecorollaries,butdistinct

concepts,U.S.const.art.IVzj2& amend.XIV,j1,cl.2;and,

W HEREAS,assertingonenecessarilyim putestheassertionoftheother,Id.;and,

4.AnF.B.I.cannotclaim executivePrivilegeagainsttheincum bentAttorneyGeneral,butaform er

PresidentcanclaimexecutivePrivilege(i.e.PresidentialPrivilege)againsttheincumbentAttorneyGeneral.

Respectively,theindependentconceptofexecutivelmm urtityapplies,which favorstheformerPresident

aga'm sttheincum bentAttorneyGeneral.

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W HEREAS,form erUrtited StatesPresidentTrum p m ay assertexecutiveIm m unity

from United StatesGovernm entalforcewhich isnotunderthecom m and oftheincum -

bentUnited StatesPresident,Id.;and,

W HEREAS,inthehappeningsrelatedtoNixon,433U.S.at425,incumbentPresident

GeraldFordwasintimatelyinvolvedinprosecutingformerPresidentNixon,Id.&cfDkt.

1at10;and,

W HEREAS,here,asunlikein thehappeningsrelated toNixon,433U.S.at425,the

incumbentPresidentisnotintim ately involved againstthe prosecution ofPresident

Biden,PHH Cor/?.v.Ctlnstf/ncrFinancialProtectionitfrcltf,839F.3d1,12-13(D.C.Cir.2016)

(M adisonianpresidentialcontrol),seeM organv.UnitedStates,304U.S.1,22(1938)(holdingthatitis''notthefunctionofthecourttoprobethementalprocessesofthegExecutive)''),andDkt.1at10;and,

W HEREASZhere,thetopicsofdocum entsarerelated to foreign policy,unlikein

Nixon,433U.S.at425,where,thedocum entswererelated todom esticpolicy;and,

W HEREAS,morespecificallyandmaterialy,aformerPresident/l-leadofStateoutrankstheincumbentAttorneyGeneralin foreignrelationsand diplom adcm atter,wltich

areexclusivelyreservedforthePresident'srecognidon,seegeneralyProvidenceJournal,

485U.S.at701(morethanone''UnitedStates''is''startling/');and,

W HEREAS,theincumbentPresident,theUnited StatesOrderofPrecedenceduly

establishedbytheOfficeoftheChiefofProtocol,and thePresidentialRecordsActshow

thattheform erpresidentscarry on officialduties,which comewith omrtipresentprivilegesand im munities,wlaic.h are absolute exceptatagainstan incumbentPresident,

Nixon,418U.S.at703-4& Scheuerv.Rhodes,416U.S.232,239,241,244,& 248,(1974/and,

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W HEREAS,theConstitutionalpowerofexecutivePrivilegeand/orexecutivelmm unityofaform erPresident,thus,m aybelawfullyasserted againsttheincum bentDepartmentofJustice,U.S.const.art.IV,j2& amend.XIV,j1,cl.2,M urrayv.Bush,No.

06-C-0781*1(E.D.W is.Aug.31,2006)(''whethertheactionisfrivolousormalicious,or

seeksrelieffromanimmuneparty,orfailstostateaclaim onwhichreliefmaybegranted./')

(italicsadded)(internalcitationsomitted);c.J28U.S.C.j1915(e)(2)(B)(ii);W iliamsv.

Holmes,No.1:17-cv-00799-KOB*1(N.D.Ala.Sep.5,2017/Malcolmv.CityofMiami,No.

22-cv-2O499-KlNG/DAM1AN *2,4,&6(S.D.Fla.Mar.7,2022:&ListerzJ.Dep'tofTreastfng,408F.3d1309(101 Cir.2005/and,

W HEREAS,thePlaintiffcanlaw fullypossessthedisputedUnitedStatesrecords,44

U.S.C.j2202;and,

W HEREAS,theFed.R.Civ.P.8(c)(1)alow fortheaffirmativedefensesofilegality

(Defendant'splayin obtainingPresidentialRecords),license(U.S.const.art.IV,j2),

laches(Defendantshouldhaveactedquickeriftrulysuspiciousofnationalsecurity),or

uncleanhands(DefendantshouldhaveinvolvedtheincumbentPresidentoftheUnited

States);and,

W HEREAS,thisCourtisin Comitywith both Plaintiffand Defendant,andhasthe

privilegeofservingeachpartyinhis/her/theirindividualcapacity,DoctrineofComitp

U.S.const.art.IV,j2.

THEREFORE,thePlaintiffisim munefrom prosecutionfrom theDefendant,andthe

Courtshouldreturn a11recordstoplaintiff,PresidentTrum p,andorderchargesagainst

TheHonorableGarlandforconversion,''treason''/''war''p'/attack,''andrebellionorinsurrection.U.S.const.art.111,j3;18U.S.C.j2381;& ProvidenceJournal,485U.S.at701.

FURTHERMORE,undertheConstitutionalfiction,wlnichstarts,ataminim um ,with

thecorporatechartersmentionedintheDeclaration oflndependence(1776),thelocal,

12

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excellentcorporationsand otherlocalauthoritieshavedevolved powerto theFederal

1

Sovereign,m uch m orethan theSisterStateshaveto theFederalSovereign;thus,thein-

!

' terestinthetransactionisacheckontheDevolvedSovereigny Faitltfulyorderedby

me,theintervenor,andasataxpayer.U.S.const.art.1V,jj1-2& art.V1,j1;Federalist

78;& 42U.S.C.jj2000bbetseq.SeealsoW hiteHouseOfficeoflntergovernmentalAffairs,

httpsr/ywww .whitehouse.gov/iga/.

W HEREAS,barring subordinateExecudveBranch from reviewing and using the

classified recordsforcrim inalinvestigatespurposesisam eaningfulw ay ofprotecting

''theconfidentialityofPresidentialcom municationsz''Nixon,418U.S.at705& contra.Dkt.

69at10;and,

W HEREAS,thereasonsPresidentsorthecourtsallow independentpersonnelacross

theIntelligence Com m unity to review the very sam erecordsforotherclosely related

purposesbutnottherem ainderoftlaeExecutiveBranch do nothavetoberevealed in

ordertoprotecttheconfidentialityofPresidentialRecords,Nixon,418U.S.at705;and,

W HEREAS,technocratsarethepersonnelacrosstheIntelligenceCom m unity who

usuallyreceivetheserecordsandwhosenarrow objectivesarepreciselycodified,unlike

in thenot-independentExecudveBranch werepartisans,partym emberszform erm em -

bersofCongress,andbureaucratswhoareaccountabletovaryinginterests,such asforeign HeadsofState and inter-governm entalorganizationsand those hierarchieszare

likelytoreceiveandbeexposed theserecords;and,

W HEREAS,an affirm anceofthedefaultprotectionistruleofPresidentialRecords

wilallow theRepublictoremainOneandintact,Nixon,418U.S.at705,Providencelournal,

485U .S.at701,N ixon,433U .S.at447-9,& Hein v.Freedom f'r0p:Religion Ft?Jf71#.,I1lc.,551

13

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U.S.587(2007)(Rather,theywere''createdentirelywithintheexecutivebranch...byPresidendalexecutiveorder.''(quotingFreedom f'7,(7?'rIReligionFound.,Inc.p.Chao,433F.3d

989,997(7thCir.2006)/and,

WHEREAS,theDepartmentofJusticeisnotanindependentagencyoftheExecudve

Branch;and,

W HEREAS,here,the''trial''isofaform erPresident,whichwasnotinitiatedbythe

incum bentPresident;and,

W HEREAS,theenforcem entofNixon,418U.S.at705isdifferentduetotheadvancem entofteclm ology;and,

THEREFORE,PreventingtheUnitedStatesDepartmentofJusticefrom gainingaccesstothem aterialPresidentialRecordsislawful,aswellastheappointm entofthespecialm aster,butthePresidentialRecordsareproperlyreturnedtoPresidentTrump atthe

earliestconvenience;ifnot,atleastacopy ofa11records,asthePlaindffm aintainsltis

presumption ofcorrectnessuntilproven otherwise.

FURTHERMOREZthistransactionCouldextenttolocalgovernm ents,asetofDevolversofSovereigntp andinterferewithlocaljurisdictions'recordkeepingpracticesandthe

privilegesand im murtidesoftheiragents,includingwhen thoseJ'urisdictionsweredem arcatedinanotherstate.

W HEREAS,Dkt.69at10-11equivocatesabouttheExecudveBranch-generallywith

themorespecificterminologiesofexecutivePrivilegesand/orlmmunitiesappliedtothe

ExecutiveBranch-incumbent-presidentandExecutiveBranch-form er-president;and,

W HEREAS,Defendantisunpersuasively arguing,thatin addition toitstrespassto

a form er President's castle,its G overnm entalunit's needs are of m ore nationalim -

portancethan thestatusquoestablished by theExecutiveBranch-incumbent-president

wlaich doesnotdiscriminateagainsttheExecutiveBranch-form er-president-plaG tiff,and

14

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 14 of 46
m adepubliclyavailablethroughtheUnitedStatesDepartm entofState-officeoftheChief

ofProtocol(whethertheExecutiveBranch-incumbent-Attorney-Generalisastateactoror

a governmentalactoris irrelevantdue to the orderofprecedence and the Executive

Brr ch-incumbent-president'sestablishm entofthenationalsecurity agenda;nonetheless,thesedistinctionscamaotbemuted),Egan,484U.S.at527;seealso,e.g.,M umhy,769

Fed.Appx.at792(''Theauthoritytoprotectnationalsecurityinïormadon falsonthe

Presidentgdirectlyl.z/),& Dkt.69at13,Pofndexter,114U.S.at2905;and,

W HEREAS,thePresidentisan agent,in theterm softhePresidentialRecordsAct

and Federalist78;and,

W HEREAS,aforesaidProtocol,furtheringthePrivilegesand lmmunitiesClause,aids

in decîphering between ''the Rule ofLaw''and ''who istrying to gettheirownway?.,''

whichistyranny,htt s'.//www.state.ov/w -content/u Ioads/zozz/oz/united-states-order-of-precedence-Februa -2022.df,- U.S.const.art.lV,j2,& Federalist80,'and,

W HEREAS,thecourtsmustprotectthePresidentfrom aggression from unknown

sourceswithinExecutiveBranch,which concurrentlypoliticallyanswertovaryinginterests,Dkt.69at18 quotingEgan,484U .S.at529;and,

5.Pofndexter,114U.S.at290(''lncommonspeechand commonapprehensiontheyareusually

regardedasidentical;andasordinarilytheactsofthegovernmentaretheactsoftheState,becausewithin

thelimitsofitsdelegationofpower,thegovernmentoftheStateisgeneralyconfoundedwiththeState

: itself,and often the form erism eantwhen the Iatleris mentioned.The State itselfisan idealperson,

! intangible,invisible,immutable.Thegovernmentisanagent,and,withinthesphereoftheagency,a

pedbctrepresentative;butoutside ofthat,itisalawlessusurpation.The Constitution ofthe State isthe

1 Iimitoftheauthorityofitsgovernment,and60thgovernmentandStatearesubjecttothesupremacyof

' theConstitutionoftheUnitedStates,andofthelawsmadeinpursuancethereof...Thisdistinctionisessentialtotheideaofconstitutionalgovernment.TodenyitorblotitoutobliteratestheIineofdemarcation

: thatseparatesconstitutionalgovernmentfrom absolutism,freeself-governmentbased onthesovereignty

' ofthepeoplefrom thatdespotism ,whetheroftheoneorthem any,which enablesthe agentoftheState

todeclareanddecreethatheistheState;tosay''Lf/tatc'estmof.'''')

15

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 15 of 46
W HEREAS,thecourtsm ustbesensitivetotheinter-workingsand inter-politicsof

theexecutivebranch;

W I4EltEAS,hypothetically,

and-FBlcould havebeen denied accesstoPresidentialRecordsofExecutiveBranch-former-president-rrum pbyExecutiveBranG -G cumbent-president-Biden;and,

Executive Branch-Mcumbent-Attorney-General-DolW HEREAS,therefore,thecurrenthappeningsin thecase-at-handareappeasem ent

tovitalpartsoftheGovernm entandpossiblepoliticalpartiesandfactionsthePresident

mustappease,PHH Cov.,839F.3dat1& 12-13(AstheSupremeCourthasexplained,

ourConstitution ''wasadopted toenablethepeopletogovernthem selves,throughtheir

electedleadersz''andtheConstitution ''requiresthataPresidentchosenbytheentireNation overseetheexecution ofthe1aws.'')(quotingFreeEnfc?zrfscFundr.Pub.Co.Acct.

OversightBd.,561U.S.477,499(2010)/Holingswonht133S.Ct.at2667(''Theyarefree

topursueapurelyideologicalcomm itm enttothelaw'sconstitutionalitywithouttheneed

to take cognizance ofresource constraints,changesin public opinion gincluding polls

facoringtheopinionsofsocialoutcasts,U.S.const.art.1V,j2& amend.XIV,j 1,cI.2J,

orpotentialramificationsforotherstateprioritiesE,l''gapproprïationthroughgenomicsql;

UnitedStatesv.Arthrex,Inc.,No.19-1434*23,594U.S. (2021)(Roberts,C.J.,TheConstitutionalhierarchyrequires''theexerciseofexecudvepower(toremainjaccountableto

thepeople.v);& Dkt.69at18quotingEgan,484U.S.at527(unauthorizedpersons);and,

W HEREAS,thereisruleoflaw,theCourtsm ustprotecttheExecutiveBranch-incumbent-presidentandtheExecutiveBranch-form er-presidentfrom aggressions;and,

16

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 16 of 46
W HEREAS,thecurrentactsareaggressionsagainsttheUnitedStates,foundinsome

W esternHelnisphere's-andSisterCommonLaw jurisdictions'-governmentalfaslionfor

i

coupsdetat.

THEREFORE,theCourtshouldenterjudgementinfavorofPlaintiff,whoisimmune

from prosecutionbytheDefendant-M r.Gonzalez.

W HEREAS,inaddidontoDkts.21,36,and6O,thePoliticalQuestionDoctrine,under

Bakerv.Clrr,369U.S.186,217(1962)(atextualy demonstrableconstim tionalcommitmentoftheissuetoacoordinatepoliticaldepartment);and,

W HEREAS,PursuanttothePoliticalQuestionDoctrinetheissueisreservedforthe

Presidencydirectly,fortheinterestofmaintainingPresidentialAutonomy(i.e.inanearlierdraftoftheDeclaration oflndependenceof1776,ThomasJeferson addressedthe

Grievancesagainstthe Parliam ent,which he thoughtcaused the denialofthe Olive

BranchTreatp but,TheKingwasstillgivingpowertoParliament),compareOriginalDraft

(''weutterlydissolveallpoliticalcozmection which mayheretoforehavesubsistedbetween usand thepeople orparliam entofGreatBritain:and finally we do assertand

declarethesecoloniestobefreeandindependentstates,andthatasfreeandindependent

states,theyhavef'ullpowertolevyw ar,concludepeace,contractalliances,establish com -

merce,andtodoa11otheractsandthingswhichindependentstatesmayofrightdo.'')

withFinalDrafti6and,

W HEREAS,RobertYates,who refused to sign the Urtited States Constitution

thoughtthatthejudiciarywouldbeable''tomould''theroleofthepresidencyi;and,

6. https:/kteachingamel'icae istoz-y.org/document/rotlgh-draR-of-the-declratiolx-of-ind-e-endence/.

7. https:/kwww.heritageaorg/cotlrts/report/against-l'udicial-supremacy-the-foutlders-and-thelimits-the-courts('/Everybodyofmeninvestedwithofficez''Yatesobserved,''aretenaciousofpower.''

Moreover,thisloveofpowerwould''influence''judges''toextendtheirpower,andincreasetheirrightss''

w iththeresultthatthecourtsw iltendto''givesuch am eaningtotheConstitutionin alcaseswhereitcan

17

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 17 of 46
WHEREAS,''rhlumanexperienceteachesthatthosewhoexpectpublicdissemination oftheirrem arksm ay welltem percandorwith a concern forappearancesand for

theirown intereststothedetrimentofthedecisionmakingprocess...lalPresidentand

thosewhoassisthim m ustbefreetoexplorealternativesintheprocessofshapingpolicies

and m aking decisionsand todosoin away thatm any would beunwillingtoexpress

exceptprivatelp''Nixon,418U.S.at705& 7087and,

W HEREAS,''lilndesigningthestructureofourGovernmentanddividingandallocatingthesovereign pow eram ongthreeco-equalbranches,theFram ersoftheConstitw

tion soughttoprovideacom prehensivesystem ,buttheseparatepowerswerenotintended

tooperatewithabsoluteindependencey''N/'xtp7J,433U.S.at442-3(quotingYoungstozon5/2ccf

& TubeCo.v.Sawyer,343U.S.579(1952):and,

W HEREAS,theAttorney Generalm ightbeappropriateifCongress'interestswere

violatedwiththePresidentialRecordsAct,butcfId.,2U.S.C.% 192& 271-288n,&A71-

dersonv.Dunn,19U.S.204(1821)(onlywhenCongress'interestsareviolated,theSegreant-at-Armsdoestheenforcement;seegeneralyTitle2oftheUnitedStatesCodel;and,

W HEREAS,''Xheessenceofdemocracyisthatthe righttomakelaw restsinthe

peopleandflowstothegovernment,nottheotherwayaroundl,l''Holingswonh,133S.

Ct.at2675,.and,

possiblybedone,aswillenlargethesphereoftheirauthority./'...'rheend resultofalthiswould bea

Suprem eCourtw ith pow ertorulethecountryinthem ostim portantm attersaccording toitsown willtonotonly exceed itsauthoritybuttousurp others'authority.''Thispowen''Yatessaid,''willtl7;JpIc''the

justicesoftheSupremeCt?lzp-f''to?7(?,f/#thegovernmentf?7l(?almostanyshapetheyplease.''...Yatesf'urthercontended thattheSuprem eCourtwouldnotonlybesuprem eoverallothercourts,butthatitw ould,in fact,

bethe suprem epowerin the governm entto be created by theConstitution.Thisstfprcpkflcy,Yatescontended,wouldfollowh'om theCourt'spowerofsettlingforalotherpoliticalactorstheautlmritativemeaningofthe

Ctuzsffflfe /z.TheSupremeCourt,heobserved,''hasthepower,inthelastresort,todeterminea1lquestions

thatmayariseinthecourseoflegaldiscussion,onthemenningandconstructionoftheConstitution.v).

18

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 18 of 46
,t -

:

W HEREAS,theincumbentPresidentoftheUnited Statesisthe ''nextfriend''ofthe

''therealparlyininterestp''the unîqueSovereign,ofaIIthe naturaipersons,eachasovereign,ofthe United States,Ho//fngswofh,133S.Ct.at2665& 2674.

THEREFORE,theCourtshouldenterjudgement,underFed.R.Civ.P.12(b)(2)or

(b)(6),infavorofPlaintiff,whoisimmunefrom prosecutionbytheDefendant-Mr.Gonzalez,and advisethatprosecutionism ostproperfrom theincumbentPresidenthim self

orhishonor'scounselor,i.e.CounselortothePresident(Mr.SteveRicchetti,J.D.),butnot

theAttorney General(TheHon.M errickGarland,J.D.). Butc.JW hiteHouseGeneral

Counselor(M r.StuartF.Delery,J.D.). InreLindsey,158F.3d at1280-2(WhiteHouse

GeneralCounselunderthecommandoftheincumbentPresidentv.DOJ).Holingswortb,

133S.Ct.at2665& 2673(referingto ProvidenceJourna/Co.,485U.S.at700).Federalist78.MaineCmty.HealtbOptions.140S.Ct.at1334(Alito,J.,dissenting)(Headof

W ashington,D.C.shoulddirectitsnat'lStateandGovernm ent,anordinaryfederalcommonIaw m atter).A11docum entsshouldbereturnedtoPlaintiff.

INTHEALTERNATIVE,thecourtmaydismissunderFed.R.Civ.P.12(b)(7).

IN TI'IEALTERNATIVEZSincetheDefendant'sactsareunconstitutionaland calm ot

beratifiedtobecom econstitudonal,asDefendantomittedtheincumbentPresident-Head

ofStateand-l-leadofGovernmentagainsttheincumbentPresident'sown OrderforProJ tocolzthecourtm ay disnaissand rulein favorofPlaindfffortheDefendant'sundean

1

1

hands.

;

IxTHEALTERNATIVE,thecourtm ayissuean OrdertoShow CausetotheDefendantfor1aw enforcementjurisdiction.

19

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 19 of 46
ATALLcosTs,thisCourtshouldavoidcreatingaslipperyslopesothattheincum -

bentPresidentwilbesubjecttoarrestbytheincumbentAttorney General,who,but,

1

servesatthehonor'spleasure,orcreatean unconstitutionalautonom y ofexecutivedepartments,wlnichwillnotbeaccountabletothePeople,-or,som etim es,totheirvarying

interests-theepitom eofexecutivetyrazm y.

''gAJprosegmotionl,howeverinartfullypleaded,mustbeheldtolessstringent

standardsthan form alpleadingsdraftedby lawyers.''Ericksonv.Pardus,551U.S.89,94

(2007).

1usem yConstim tionalPrivileges,honors,andrightsofknowingfrom myundergraduateand 1aw school,jurisdoctorcandidacy,educations,and politicalofficesand

from reading1aw outsideofformalschoolingforthew ritinganddiscussions,argum ents,

andmotionsofthesefilings,seeDkt.21at5& 20andsupra,p.20(signatureline).HolIingswonb,133s.ct.at2667& 2670-71(''uniqueIegalstatusz).

ImoveforIeavetofilethisthird amended Dkt.87.

Im ovetoreinstatemyM otiontoContinueW ithoutPre-payingFilingFeesatDkt.

22,to avoiddefaultand interestchargesonothermonetarycommitments.

Respectfully su ted,

/ al .Patel

T.E.,T..RajK. atel(prosc)

6850East215tStreet

Indianapolis,IN 46219

M arion County

317-450-6651(ce1)

rajpzolo@gmail.com

www.rajpatel.live

20

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 20 of 46
J.D.Candidate,NotreDameL.Sch.2015-2017

President/sm dentBodyPresident,StudentGov'tAss'nof

EmoryU.,Inc.2013-2014(corp.sovereignzol3-present)

StudentBodyPresident,BrownsburgCmty.Sch.

Corp./president,BrownsburgHighSch.StudentGov't

2009-2010(corp.sovereign2009-present)

Rep.from theN otreDam eL.Sch.StudentB.Ass'ntothe

Ind.St.B.Ass'n 2017

DeputyRegionalDirector,YoungDem ocratsofAm .-ldigh

SCh.Caucus2008-2009

Co-Founder& ViceChair,Ind.HighSch.Dem ocrats2009-

2010

VicePresidentofFin.(Indep.),OxfordC.Republicansof

Em ory U .,lnc.2011-2012

I

21

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 21 of 46
CERTIFICATE O F SERVICE

IcertifytlaatIservedacopyoftheforegoingRajK.Patel's(ProSe)FourthAmendedDkt.

87on10/29/2022tobelow individualsviathee-m ail:

JamesM .Trusty

IFRAH ,PLLC

1717PennsylvaniaA ve,N W ,Suite650

W ashington,DC 20006

202-852-5669

Email:jtrusl@ifrahlaw.com

Lindsey H alligan

511SE 5thAvenue

FortLauderdale,Florida33301

720-435-2870

Em ail:lindseyhalligan@outlook.com

ChristopherM ichaelKise

ChrisKise& Associates,P.A.

201EastParkAve.Ste,5th Floor

Tallahassee,FL 32301

(850)270-0566

chris@ckise.net

M .Evan Corcoran

Silverm an,Thompson,Slutkin,& W ltite,

LLC

400EastPrattStreet,Suite900

Baltim ore,M D 21230

410-385-2225

ecorcoran@silverm anthom pson.com

JuanAntonioGonzalez

UN ITED STA TESATTO RN EY

99NE 4thStreet,8thFloor

M iam i,Fl33132

Telephone:(305)961-9001

Email:juan.antonio.gonzalez@usdoj.gov

Jay1.Bratt,Chief

Counterintelligence& ExportControl

Section N at'lSecurity Div.

95OPennsylvartiaAvenue,N W

W ashington,D.C.20530

(202)233-0986

jay.brattz@usdoj.gov

PresidentJoeBiden

c/oM arinaM .Kozm ycz,AssociateGen.

Counsel

TheE.O.P.attheW hiteHouse

1600PennsylvartiaA venueN W

W ashington,D.C.20500

Phone:202-457-1414

EREDACTED)

D ated:October29,2022

Respectfullysubznitted,

/s/RajPatel

T.E.,T.E.RajK.Patel(PrpSe4

6850East21stStreet

Indianapolis,IN 46219

M arion County

317-450-6651(ce1l)

rajpzolo@gmail.com

www.rajpatel.live

22

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 22 of 46
Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 23 of 46
IN THE UN ITED STATES D ISTRICT COU RT FO R TH E

SOU TH ERN D ISTRICT O FFLO RID A

W EST PA LM BEACH D IVISIO N

DONALD J.TRUMP,

Plaintly

UN ITED STA TESO FA M ERICA ,

Defendant

N o.9:22-cv-81294-A M C

D ated:O ctober30,2022

JURYTRIALDEMAYDED

M OVANT-INTERVEN OR (PRO SEI-RAIK.PATEL'S

FIFTH AM EN D ED D KT.87

1,T.E.,T.ERAJK.PATEL,theundersigned m ovant-intervenorprose,in theabovenamedcase,withapendingmotionatDkt.36,herebysubmittltisls'i-il',amendedreplyto

Defendant-united StatesofAm erica'sResponseatDkt.48,which iswrittentobean additiontoDkt.60(duplicatefilingatDkt.61),orasmyresponsetoDefendanthsM otionat

Dkt.69.L.R.7.1(c)(2)(10pages,frontandback).Amendments.6j-eë(!)ncd-a .mA'm.ue.n..d.ml4.ents,I

ThirdqAtriùhtlmentsk ./if'ihAmendments.,

W HEREAS,''AttorneyGeneralBrewsterexplainedmorethanacenturyago,'ltlhere

aretwokindsofofficialterm s/...o neldnd of'term 'referstoaperiod ofpersonalservice.

In thatcasez'theterm isappurtenanttotheperson'...Anotherkind of'term'refersto

ahxedslotofff/?zctowhichindividualappointeesareassigned...There,'thepersonisappurtenanttotheterm'...lnotherwords,a'term ofoffice'can eitherrunwith theperson

orwiththecalendarz''UnitedStatesp.Wilson,290F.3d347,353(D.C.Cir.2002)(quoting

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 24 of 46
j

'

Comm'rsoftheDist.ofColumbia,17Op.Att'yGen.476,476-79(1882)/Ho.l1.b.L1ùV%X.','.3,..V,.';b.,ïht.'.l

p;.-jjy't.jgsj,.k'(j:tùs,ytfej-r/-gp.t$L,j).,)j.j()rl33t.gtryd.t.265)''t2'6.72(2O1'3),and,

W HEREAS,thePresidentialRecordsAct,44U.S.C.jj2201-2209,makestheformer

1

!

1PresidentapartoftheExecutiveBranchzand m orespecifically thePresidencp W ilson,

1

1

1290F.3d at353 & Federalist78;and,

1

W HEREAS,executiveprivilege''safeguardsthepublicinterestincandid,confidentialdeliberationsw ithintheExecutiveBranch;itis'fundam entaltotheoperationofGovernmentz''Trumpr.MazarsU.S.,LLP,140S.Ct.2019,2032(U.S.2020);and,

W HEREAS,allPresidentialdata''lislpresumptivelyprivilegedz''Nixonr.Sirica,487

f

F.2d700,716(D.C.Cir.1973/and,

W HEREAS,''informationsubjecttoexecutiveprivilegedeserves'thegreatestprotecdonconsistentwiththefairadministrationofjusdcez'''M azars,140S.Ct.at2024(quotingUnitedStatesv.N,'.r/?z,418U.S.683,715(1974)/and,

I W HEREAS,''ltlhehighrespectthatisowedtotheofficeoftheChiefExecudve...is

:

1amatterthatshouldinform theconductoftheentireproceedinp''Clintonv.Jones,520

l

1U.S.681,705,117S.Ct.1636,1650-51(1997),andthatthereisatraditionoffederalcourts'

affording ''the utm ostdeference to PresidentialresponsibilidesClinton,117 S.Ct.at

1652,'/InreLindsq,158F.3d1263,1280(D.C.Cir.1998)lquodngNixon,418U.S.at710-

I11)(

internalquotationmarksomittedl);and,

W HEREAS,''ltlheauthorityto protectnationalsecurity information falson the

1Presidentz''Dep'toftheNavyv.Egan,484U.S.518,527(1988),seealso,e.g.,M zfrp/zpz7.Scc'y,

1.

LJ.S.Dep'tofArmy,769Fed.Appx.779,792(11thCir.2019),&Dkt.69at13;and,

2

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 25 of 46
W HEREAS,forpurposesofPresidentialRecordsAct,theincumbentPresidentwho

transitionstoformerPresidentisan''agent''ofthepeople,Egan,484U.S.at529,Federi

Ealist78,& Dkt.69at18;and,

W HEREAS,theSpprem eCourthasemphasizedthatprivilegeclaim s,''mustbeconsideredinlightofourlnistoriccommitmenttotheruleoflaw''and''ltlheneedtodevelop

a1lrelevantfactsin theadversarysystem z''Nixon,418U.S.at708-09& Dkt.69at9;and,

W HEREAS,''liln the performance ofassigned constiGtionalduties,(Executive

branch!oftheGovernmentmustinitially interprettheConstitution,and...-f'hePresident'scounsel,aswehavenoted,readstheConstitutionasprovidingan absoluteprivilegeofconfidentialityforal1Presidentialcom m unicationsw''Nixon,418U.S.at703-4,28

. . U t.ylj:(. .g .(.' .. 'g.Ej. ;j.. .a).'jQ'!jvjglz' . yj.jtja.rtj'y.tYqk)(:.rj)kj .J .S.C.j516,Fàrgàlgzbï:àt.onb'l,Unlted Stàtes,114 Fëd.CI.22.6;.Q''3'8(2Or1't4,,.)îy4r,yTis:,hegt)#,e,Jsprok.:'er,jifls

,cèi'lèi'àhyj;é..kù,ùj,,,y.,,,.j').U,.!s.c.',L.)...j4s'$g6isriijpr'la--c.e. d. .

.

.'').k,'& seegenerallyDavidA .Strauss, ''Presidential

InterpretationoftheConstitutionz''15CardozoL.Rev.113,113-135(1993)1;and,

W HEREAS,in otherwords,''executivebranch m ustinterprettheConstim tion beforeitcandecidewhattodoz''seegenerallyStrauss,15CardozoL.Rev.at113-135;and,

W HEREAS,theSupremeCourthas''rejectled)theargumentthatonlyanincumbent

Presidentmayassert''separation-of-powersclaims,Nixonv.Adm'rofGen.Servs.,433U.S.

425,439(1977/and,

W HEREAS,thereisan internal, orîzontaland vertical,iseparadonofpow ersoninterpretingtheConstitution withintheExecutiveBranch;and,

1.David A.Strauss,''Presidentiallnterpretation oftheConstitutionz''15CardozoL.Rev.113,113-

135 (1993), htpsr/kchicagounbound.uchicago.edu/cgi/viewcontelt.cgi?referer=&htpsredir=l&arNclea/oo6&context=journalarticlesipresidential.

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 26 of 46
W HEREAS,privilegeandim m unitiesm aybeused tosustain separation ofpowers

insidebranchesofgovernm entand acrossgovernm entstm dertheUnited StatesConstitudon;and,

W HEREAS,theUnitedStatesDepartmentofStateisresponsibleforinterpretingand

elaboratingonthePrivilegesandlmmunitiesClause,U.S.const.art.1V,j2;

W HEREAS,theUrtitedStatesDepartm entofStateshow sitselaborationonthe Privilegesand Imm unitiesClausein theUnitedStatesOrderofPrecedencebytheOfficeof

the ChiefofProtocol,https:/kwww .state.gov/w p-content/uploads/zozz/oz/unitedStates-order-of-precedence-February-zozz.pdf(revisedFeb.11,2022)& U.S.const.art.

IV,j2;and,

W HEREAS,theUnitedStatesDepartmentofJustice,theAttorneyGeneral,orU.S.

AttorneyJuanGonzales,didnotfollow theUnitedStatesOrderofPrecedencedulyestablishedbytheOfficeoftheClaiefofProtocol,Id.;and,

W HEREAS,theincumbentPresidentoftheUnited Stateshassupported theUnited

StatesOrderofPrecedencehousedbytheUnitedStatesDepartm entofStateOfficeofthe

ChiefofProtocol,wlnich showsthatformerPresidentTrum poutranksincumbentAttorneyGeneralMerrickGarland,Id.& 3U.S.C.j5301etscf/.,andHo//lngswofh,133S!çt.j

pt2673-74(prqpqppptq''pr:- (?.$?!:lqcted''ppd ''-d-qçjd. efr?r-l:-h-:r-p->q-lyqq,Fjthr?qreviqm

'

whatargum entsto makeand how tom akethçm uindefenseofthqenactetjjnjyjatjve,...

;th9Sçj#rp:çp#-rgescouldbeleveledwitheqpYjtpo- tgrçptçrfg-rceaat.tjç-jpeci4lprosa

cutorsjustdiscussedvlf':and

4

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 27 of 46
W HEREAS,thus,theUnited StatesDepartm entofStateand theUnited StatesDepartmentofJusdceareadversariesinoursystem ofruleoflaw,inordertocreateaseparationofpowersandchecksandbalance,butcf.DoctrineofComitp U.S.const.art.IV,j

2,& 28U.S.C.j516;and,

W HEREAS,theincumbentPresidentoftheUnited Stateshasnotcleared,norm ay

ratifyunconstim tionalactstom akethem constitutionalzzbreach ofprotocol;and,

W HEREAS,theexecutiveDepartm entsand itsH eadshavebeen created,byanAct

ofCongress,and appointed bythePresident,with adviceand consentfrom theSenate,

Freytagp.Comm'r,501U.S.868,886,917(1991)(discussingHeadsandprincipalofficers

oftheexecutivedepartments);and,

W HEREAS,theExecutiveBranch's''interpretationofitsgown)powers...isduegreat

respectfrom theothersz''Nixon,418U.S.at703-4;and,

W1 HEREASI.frprl!q#q(Yé:tdentsreyptn''4çt!?plauthqrity''l.t.qbipdth:Qqyqrp-mrlz.!qfk

!h.-q-Unipdjtatesto.çorqrpçryjlo-bligptiopjpqçe--js-a-.qytoç.qryqqltthejp-tiçqo-fth-eiq

ir!fqP.9..l-9.9-q.joffic-e-s' includi-ngipCq-ngrq-s-j'-Unft:d-klqt>jçpurtqfFjde-ra- l-C. lpimj,-Yh-q'

Tqçl/qAç'.q!?# 7:irç.j6?-a46(.)&14@.1-'kçbiqm v.t-/nfpd.#+ps,376Fc-/t./1.)j9,p?q4j

2.Underthecommonlaw,theincumbentKingmaychangeprotocolat-willagainstaformerHead

ofStateoraprecedingM onarch;thosevestedpowersareembedded intheU nitedStatesConstitution and

rem ain constantuntillaw fully am ended.Besides,asthecom plaintandAttorney General'sM errick Garland'spublic,apolitical,andlegalcom m entsshow ,currently,onlyaunitofanExecudvebranchhasacted,

i.e.theDepartmentofJustice-F.B.I.,ratherthantheExecutivebranchaswhole.Dkt.1at10.Tonosurprise,

evenagainstaform erpresident,inordertolegallyconditionthepeacefultransitionofpower,theExecutive

powerismuc.hweakerthanofacommonlaw King's.UnitedStatesv.ProvidenceJournalCo.,485U.S.693,

701(1988)(morethanone''UnitedStates''is''startlingv).MafneCmty.Hea/thOpt/onsv.UnitedStatesy

140S.Ct.1308,13à4(Alito,J.,dissenting)(internalcitationsomitled)(''federalcommonIaw'hasuniqgj

ipterp.qyqlhl

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 28 of 46
96(F.- e- .d- !dir!..-2--0-.0--2-.)'see-s-.u-pr-a,p..1-5-.--.n--.-5-,-a-n-d---b-u--t-c-f-.--H-.-o-l--in-gswo-r--t.b'L13.3---S-,-C---.t.--.at.-26--6--7--2

1!.:..-E..,-,k.,2-,E,-:1,.;,'--E/.8..1,.7',.-:'-,:1;1

*

W HEREAS,''(a11Jpowersof1aw enforcement...areassignedunderourConstitution

totheExecutiveandtheJudiciarp''Quinnp.UnitedStates,349U.S.155,161(1955).

THEREFORE,onlyaunitoftheExecutiveBranch,thecurrentAttorneyGeneral,has

broughtchargesagainstform erPresidentTrum pinviolationoftheinter-workingsofthe

executivebranchprotocol,orderedbytheincumbentPresidentBiden,ashousedbyPresidentBiden'ssubordinates,whoarealsoeithertheAttorney General'ssuperiorsorcoequalsonthesubject-matter,intheUnitedStatesDepartmentofState.

FURTHERMORE,thePresident,thecourts,ortheExecutiveBranchcalm otm utedistinctionsofoffice,person,state,andgovernm ent,astheyareanelaborationoftheUnited

StatesConsdtution Privilegesand lm munitiesClause,wltich laysoutthestructureand

lanesOfenforcement.k?ojpdghtqçyyGqggn-bgwç11-#..M:S!270,290(18j4U. t.h.:diqtinctio- q

etweenthegovernmentofajtateandtheStateitselfisimpqrtant,andfshpl!>çobq

pervvd- !-''.)-(Pqd-erlip-:pàdqdl-j

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 29 of 46
W HEREAS,inorderforafederaldistrictcourtof1aw tohavepersonaljurisdicdon,

underFed.R.Civ.12(b)(2),traditionalnotionsof''naturaljusticez''''fairplap''and''sub1stantialiustice''mustatal1timenotbeviolated,M cDonaldv.M abee,243U.S.90,92(1917),

1 -' .

lbintAnti-FascistComm.v.M cGrath,341U.S.123,123(1951),Breithauptv.Abram,352U.S.

432,435(1957)(shocktheconscience,traditionalnotionsoffairplayanddecency,indicia

ofnotapeacefultransitionofpowercausedbyDefendant-Dolisaviolationoftheconi

science),Gonzalesv.LfnffclStates,348U.S.407,412(1955)(''underlyingconceptsofpro-

'

ceduralregularityandbasicfairplay''),Int'1ShoeCo.r.W ashington,326U.S.310,324&

326(1945),UnitedStatesv.Lovasco,431U.S.783,796(1977)(dueprocessembodies''fundamentalconceptionsofjustice''and''thecommunity'ssenseoffairplayanddecency/')

1

(seeFederalist77,UnitedStatesasacommunity),Cnty.ofSacramentov.Lewis,523U.S.

833,847(1998)(conscience-shockingbehavioris''so'brutal'and'offensive'thatit(does!

notcomportwithtraditionalideasoffairplayanddecency.'')(abuseofexecutivepower)

1(decenciesof''civilizedconductz''epitomizedinU.S.const.art.lV,j2)(bowingand

1

?curtsyamongstandtostateactorsortheeffectinourcommunity),& Sessionsp.Dimaya,

t

!!138S. Ct.1204,1212(2018)(requiredbyboth''ordinarynotionsoffairplayandthesettled

1

1rulesoflaw.'');and,

f WHEREAS,traditionalnotionsofnaturaljusticestatesaformerT.H.(T.E.)President

oftheUnitedStates(T.E.PresidentoftheUnitedStatesforaldocumentsforeignaffairs),

from theNaturalState,ismorefitthanthecurrentcourt(judgeandDefendant)andthe

NaturalOrderdem andstlaattheincumbentAttorney Generalyield topressingcharges

againstPlaintiff,ourform erH ead ofState,seeUnited StatesO rderofPrecedence-u nited

'StatesDep'tofState-officeoftheChiefofProtocol,U.S.const.art.1V,j2,& Dkt.60at2,

5,5n.3,& 7;and,

7

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 30 of 46
WHEREAS,traditionalnotionsofbasicfairplayandsubstantialjusticehavebeen

:

violated,seee.g.Obergefellp.Hodges,576U.S.644,742(2015)(harshtreatmentisnotfair

play)(gaysandlesbianshavebeendeniedtheNaturalOrder,pursuanttotheirachievei

jmentsincivilsocietp asthewealthiestcommunitp particularly,gaymen,intheUrtited

1

?

1States;thesameillnesshasentered stateand governm entalinstitutions, preventingthe

1

NaturalOrder,includingingoverningtheDefendant'sdecisions)(Plaintiffhasbeende-

'

'nied rightfulplacein theafterm ath ofhishonor'sincumbency asPresidentofUnited

Statesp& Pet.forW ritofCert.*58-9,Patel'n.UnitedStates,No.22-5280(U.S.202-/and,

W HEREAS,even with explicitinformed consentthePlaintiffcamaotavailhim self

1

ibeforethiscourtbecauseltisavailm entcannotovercom etheviolationtraditionalnodons

i

offairplay,naturaljustice,andsubstantialjusticeasappliedtothecourtandanypossible

rulingbythiscourt,U.S.const.art.IV,j2& seealsoUnitedStatesOrderofPrecedenceUnitedStatesDep'tofState-officeoftheCltiefofProtocol;and,

WHEREAS,thiscourtcannotattachpersonaljurisdictiontothePlaintiffasitwould

$1violatethetraditionalnotionsoffairplay,naturaljustice,and substantialjustice,and,

)

$thus,itsopinionwouldonlybeadvisory;and,

IV REAS,Eqtl.itk and-theGbod Ctmjciousnessalsodoèszmtsupportthisprôse-,

cutioiwaxtdl

W HEREAS,inaddition,thecorollarytoPlaintiff'sform erPresidentialprivilege,im -

murtitp isthecourt'slimitedjudicialreview,Federalist78,U.S.const.art.lV,52,art.IIl

(originalintent),& amend.V.M arburyv.M adison,5U.S.137(1803).

1 THEREFORE,thisCourtshoulddismisssuasponteunderFed.R.Civ.P.12(b)(2),as

!

'

theCourtdoesnothavepersonaljurisdictionforPlaintiff,orFed.R.Civ.P.12(b)(6),for

3.https:/khrc-prod-requests.s3-us-west-z.amazonaws.com /W age-Gap-Appendix.pdf.

8

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 31 of 46
failuretostateaclaim uponwhichreliefcanbegranted,asthereisnoenforcem entm echanism torequirethePlaintiff,theform erH eadofStateandform erPresident,whoisalso

)

1Privileged h NaturalStatetoo;thedeficien- i , pertheNaturalState,andisIm m une,pert e

t

fciescanonlybecuredbynewchargesbroughtdirectlybytheincumbentPresident,by

hisown counselor,ratherthantheincumbentAttorneyGeneral.

FURTHERMORE,thenotionsofnaturaljustice,fairplap andsubstantialjusticebut1

1t , ) ajongwith resscastledoctrinezasgenerallyapplied,andPlaintiffscastlecan uniquey,

jth .

1 epastPresidents,canwithstandalforcesexceptthosedirectlyandconstitutionaly

lcom m andedbytheincumbentPresident,e.g.UnitedStatesSecretServiceorUnitedStates

11

)ArmedandspaceForce.seDkt.60at2,5,5n.3,&7.T,hisis'a'.lso-'beca.use.'.J.u-e.'p'roc'e.st

@anqotoveriàeaPrivilegeorImmunity,andsubstantivedueproce.

ssisco.

ns. idera..te.p.y.

privieqesandImmupitkes,pertheFederalistandAnti-FederalfstcontractoytheBilof

Rishis, anàtheinterestoftheFoundersandAmenders'topreservethecuitureofour'

Natio,

n

.

.

. U...

s:co. nst.art.lv,j2&.

a.

mend.XIV,j),cl.1;àoyasco., t31.U.S.at.7 L -9à;.Fe1.e.r.-,

klïst88(''ItmaybeesteemezthegasisoftheUpion,tsat'thecitizensofeachStateshal

ùeentitleàtoaIt$eprivilegesandimmunitiesofcitizensoftheseveralStates.''Andif

itbeajustprinciplethateverygovernmentOUGHTTö possùjjTCEMEANL(54Ek-.

'ECUTING ITsowN pRovlslöNsjYITsow NAUTHoRIR .''),.pet.forw ritofttert.*'

5j-9,Lpatelv.unitedstates,No.22-5280(ù.s.2020,.&compareU.s.const.art.Iv,jj

' 1-)2witbU.j.const.art.vl,j1referingtoXrticlesofConfeleration(1781),art.IV,parasrt d -z.. .- . . . - - - .,- -

1& 3(''Thebettertosecureanàperpetuatemutualfriendshipandintercourseamong,

thepeopleofthedi/erentStatesinthisUnion(i.e.,DoctrineofdomityinU:j..c.onst.. ar.t.,

9

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 32 of 46
1

I . c : k .

,

' IV,j24,thefreeinhabîtantsofeachoftheseStates,paupers,vagabonds,andfugltlves

1

jfromjusticeexcepted,shalbeentitledtoalIprivilegesandimmùnitiesoffreecitizensin

' j b

theseveralStatesi...provided also thatno imposition,dutiesorrestrictionshallbe Iald

g'bvanv;State u ,#ju.jjjajthand

t.e ..--# - . .-..,J on. the oI roo1 erw'# ofthe United State-s,* ore.itherofth-.e-..m... // u- .. -- ..,

j * '

1creditshalbegivenineachoftheseStatestotherecords,acts,andjudicialproceeding:

ofthecourtsandmaqistratesofevervotherState.'')(l''maqistrates''replacedwith''citi-' . . w.- ..... .. . . ..

''''''. ..

'@' - - ''''@' -. - 1 u - - ..- '

f' '/)(se''e'b'kt.

'

'

ren 2'1ai'13)(s'e'e''a/soPatelv.Unftedstates,'No.1''.2'--1-cv-ozoo-4L-LA'-s''(yed'.'

1CI. 202- ),Dkt.1at9-10n.6/.

UNDERFED.R.Clv.P.24,Ihaveacomm onquestionoflaw orfactorinterestinthe

transactionbecauseafavorablerulingto theDefendantcanviolatem yExcellencies,the

style/titles,and my careerand statesmanshipby extension ofthisruling amongst1icensed Governm entalactors,local,state,federalzandinternational,who mightsym pa-

'i'Er'èl:''k.Ei.'(:;i!:k'i!!t',i-;'Ei.ls:q!E:.,'..lErè:.'l'.:iL.'!i!,.-ib-t3.

.q1-'L-

.-3.,.

-'ï.

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..ti.@.l.!-,ik

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.1'-)...,r.:.:..:.

.,-1t,.4.....

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,b$3'-',.-.'i..,-'t.4#-1s8:-....

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..Ir.E:.7.,..

-i'

-;y'-'.ù-i,l!.t..i-.!..-.'-'l(t:':!:':i';''.-...-.,-.

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,'!tr-.:l-.?'.s-:k1-..-4.2/,'-

,-i-.,,

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.$.

.-.'1...(#..'i.!,

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...,C'.i.:.

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.à-

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.

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.7,.i:7..

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-êt('.!.

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'iq.-.I'-të!'i,l.

'

.1i-.1:.:.'kW HEREAS,theSuprem eCourthasheld thataformerPresidentm ay notsuccessfullyassertexecudveprivilegeagainstreview by ''thevery ExecutiveBranch in whose

nam etheprivilegeisinvokedz''Nixon,433U.S.at447-48& Dkt69at8;4and,

W HEREAS,executivePrivilegeandexecutivelm m unityareLorollarieé,butdisdnct

concepts,U.S.const.art.1V,j2& amend.XIV,j1,c1.2;and, '

W HEREAS,assertingonenecessarilyimputestheasserdon oftheother,Id.;and,

1

4.AnF.B.I.carmotclaim executivePrivilegeagainsttheincum bentAttorney General,butaform er

Presidentcanclaim executivePrivilege(i.e.PresidentialPrivilege)againsttlzeincumbentAttorneyGeneral.

Respectively,theindependentconceptofexecutivelmmunityapplies,whichfavorstheformerPresident

againsttheincum bentAttorneyGeneral.

10

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 33 of 46
W HEREAS,formerUnited StatesPresidentTrump m ay assertexecudveIm m unity

from United StatesGovernmentalforceWhich isnotunderthecom m andoftheincum -

bentUnited StatesPresident,Id.;and,

W HEREAS,inthehappeningsrelatedtoNixon,43317.5.at425,incum bentPresident

GeraldFordwasintimatelyinvolvedinprosecutingformerPresidentNixon,Id.&cf.Dkt.

1at10;and,

W HEREAS,here,asunlikein thehappeningsrelated toNixon,433U.S.at425,the

incum bentPresidentisnotintim ately involved againstthe prosecution ofPresident

Biden,PHH Corp.v.Constl/?zerFinancialProtectionBureau,839F.3d1,12-13(D.C.Cir.2016)

(M adisonianpresidentialcontrol),seeM organ'n.UniiedStates,304U.S.1,22(1938)(holdr

ingthatitis''notthefunctionofthecourttoprobethementalprocessesofthe(Executivelv),andDkt.1at10;and,

W HEREAS,here,thetopicsofdocum entsarerelated to foreign policp unlikein

Nixon,433U.S.at425,where,thedocum entsw ererelatedtodom esticpolicp and,

W HEREAS,morespecificalyandmaterially,aformerPresident/HeadofStateoutrankstheincumbentAttorneyGeneralinforeign reladonsand diplom aticm atter,which

areexclusively reservedforthePresident'srecognition,seegenerallyProvidenceJournal,

485U.S.at701(morethanone''UnitedStates''is''startling/');and,

W HEREAS,theincumbentPresident,theUnited StatesOrderofPrecedenceduly

establishedbytheOfficeoftheChiefofProtocol,andthePresidentialRecordsActshow

thattheformerpresidentscarryon officialduties,which com ew ith om rtipresentprivileges and im m unities,wltic.h are absolute exceptatagainstan incum bentPresident,

Nixon,418U.S.at703-4& Scheuerr.Rhodes,416U.S.232,239,241,244,& 248,(1974/and,

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 34 of 46
W HEREAS,theConstiG tionalpowerofexecudvePrivilegeand/orexecutive1mm unityofaform erPresident,thus,m aybelawfullyassertedagainsttheincumbentDepartmentofJustice,U.S.const.art.1V,j2& amend.XIV,j1,c1.2,M urrayz7.Bush,No.

06-C-0781*1(E.D.W is.Aug.31,2006)(''whethertheactionisfrivolousormalicious,or

seeksreliefh-om animmuneparty,orfailstostateaclaim onwhichreliefmaybegranted.'')

(italicsadded)(internalcitationsomitted);cf.28U.S.C.j1915(e)(2)(B)(ii);Wiliamsv.

Holmes,No.1:17-cv-00799-KOB*1(N.D.Ala.Sep.5,2017/Malcolm v.CityofMiami,No.

22-cv-20499-K1NG/DAMIAN *2,4,&6(S.D.Fla.Mar.7,2022/& Listerv.Dep'toflkeaslf7-.1/z408F.3d1309(10thCir.2005/and,

W HEREAS,thePlaindffcanlawfullypossessthedisputedUnitedStatesrecords,44

U.S.C.j2202;and,

W HEREAS,theFed.R.Civ.P.8(c)(1)alow fortheaffirmativedefensesofillegality

(Defendant'splayin obtaining PresidentialRecords),license(U.S.const.art.1V,j2),

laches(Defendantshouldhaveactedquickeriftrulysuspiciousofnationalsecurity),or

uncleanhands(DefendantshouldhaveinvolvedtheincumbentPresidentoftheUnited

States);and,

W HEREAS,thisCourtisin CornitywithbothPlaintiffand Defendant,andhasthe

privilegeofservingeachpartyinhis/her/theirindividualcapacity,DoctrineofComitp

U.S.const.art.IV,j2.

THEREFORE,thePlaintiffisim munefrom prosecutionfrom theDefendant,andthe

Courtshould return a11recordstoplaintiff,PresidentTrum p,andorderchargesagainst

TheHonorableGarlandforconversion,''treason''/''war''y'/attackz''andrebelionorinsurrecdon.U.S.const.art.111,j3;18U.S.C.j2381;&ProvidenceJournal,485U.S.at701.

FURTHERMORE,undertheConstitutionalfiction,whichstarts,ataminim um ,with

thecorporatechartersmentioned in theDeclarationofIndependence(1776),thelocal,

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 35 of 46
excellentcorporationsand otherlocalauthorideshavedevolved pow erto theFederal

Sovereign,m uch m orethan theSisterStateshavetotheFederalSovereign;thus,theinterestin thetransaction isacheck on theDevolved Sovereignty,Faithfully ordered by

me,theintervenor,andasataxpayer.U.S.const.art.IV,jj1-2& art.Vl,j1;Federalist

78;&42U.S.C.jj2000bbetseq.SeealsoW ltiteHouseOfficeoflntergovernmentalAffairs,

httpsr//www.whitehouse.gov/iga/.

W HEREAS,barring subordinateExecutiveBranch from reviewing and using the

classified recordsforcriminalinvestigatespurposesisam eaningfulway ofprotecting

''theconfidentialityofPresidentialcom murticationsz''Nixon,418U .S.at705& contra.Dkt.

69at10;and,

W HEREAS,thereasonsPresidentsorthecourtsallow independentpersonnelacross

theIntelligenceCom m unity to review thevery sam erecordsforotherclosely related

purposesbutnottherem ainderoftheExecudveBranch donothavetoberevealed in

ordertoprotecttheconfidentialityofPresidentialRecords,Nixon,418U.S.at705;and,

W HEREAS,teclm ocratsarethepersonnelacrosstlaeIntelligenceComm urtitywho

usuallyreceivetheserecordsandwhosenarrow objectivesarepreciselycodified,unlike

in thenot-independentExecutiveBranch werepartisans,partym embers,form erm embersofCongress,andbureaucratswhoareaccountabletovaryinginterests,suchasforeign HeadsofState and inter-governmentalorganizationsand thosehierarchies,are

likelytoreceiveandbeexposed theserecords;and,

W HEREAS,an affirm anceofthedefaultprotectionistruleofPresidentialRecords

willalow theRepublictoremainOneandintact,Nixon,418U.S.at705,Providencelburnal,

485 U.S.at701,N ixon,433U .S.at447-9,& Hein v.Freedom From ReligionFound.,.Inc.,551

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 36 of 46
j -

U.S.587(2007)(Rather,theywere''createdentirelywithintheexecutivebranch...byPres-

(

'identialexecudveorder.''(quotingFreedom From ReligionFound.,Inc.r.Chao,433F.3d

l1989;997(7thCir. 2006)/and,

1

1 WHEREAS,theDepartmentofJusticeisnotanindependentagencyoftheExecutive

lBranch;and,

W HEREAS,here,the''trial''isofaform erPresident,whichwasnotinitiatedbythe

incum bentPresident;and,

l

î W HEREAS t , theenforcem entofNixon,418U.S.at705isdifferentduetotheadvance-

!

imentofteclmology;and,

! THEREFORE,preventingtheUnitedStatesDepartmentofJusticefrom gainingaccesstothem aterialPresidentialRecordsislawful,aswellastheappointm entofthespe1 .

1cialmaster,butthePresidentialRecordsareproperlyreturnedtoPresidentTrumpatthe

I

jearliestconvenience;ifnot,atleastacopyofa1records,asthePlaintifmaintainsltis

1

64Presumption ofcorrectnessuntilproven otherwise.

1 histransactioncouldextenttolocalgovernments

1 FURTHERM ORE, t , asetofD evolv1ersofsovereigntpandinterferewithlocaljurisdictions'recordkeepingpracticesandthe

Ii

privilegesandimmunitiesoftheiragents,includingwhenthosejurisdictionsweredem arcated inanotherstate.

W HEREAS,Dkt.69at10-11equivocatesabouttheExecutiveBranch-generallywith

themorespecificterminologiesofexecutivePrivilegesand/orImmunitiesappliedtothe

ExecutiveBranch-incumbent-presidentandExecutiveBranch-former-president;and,

(

i W HEREAS,Defendantisunpersuasively arguinp thatin additiontoitstrespassto

I

a form er President's castle,its Governm entalurtit's needs are ofm ore nationalim -

portancethan thestatusquoestablished by theExecutiveBranch-incumbent-president,

whidadoesnotdiscriminateagainsttheExecutiveBranch-former-president-plaG tiff,and

14

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 37 of 46
m adepubliclyavailablethroughtheUnitedStatesDepartm entofState-officeoftheChief

ofProtocol(whethertheExecutiveBrr ch-incumbent-Attorney-Generalisastateactoror

agovernmentalactorisirrelevantdue to the order ofprecedence and the Executive

Branch-incum bent-president'sestablishm entofthenationalsecurity agenda;nonetheless,thesedistinctionscannotbemuted),Egan,484U.S.at527;seealso,e.g.,M umhy,769

Fed.Appx.at792(''Theauthoritytoprotectnationalsecurityinformation falsonthe

PresidentEdirectlyl.''),ré-.Dkt.69at13,Pofndexter,l14U.S.at2905;and,

W HEREAS,thePresidentisan agent,in theterm softhePresidentialRecordsAct

and Federalist78;and,

W HEREAS,thecourtsm ustprotectthePresidentfrom aggression from unknown

sourceswithinExecutiveBranch,which concurrentlypoliticallyanswertovaryinginterests,D kt.69at18 quotingEgan,484U .S.at529;and,

. . Poindexter.114U.S.at290(''Incommonspeechand'commonapprehensiontheyareusualy1

egarded a:identical;and asordinarilytheactsofthegovernm entaretheactsoftheState,becausewithin

ltheIim'itsofitsdelegationofpower,thegovernmentoftheStateisgeneralyconfoundedwiththeStatl

'

tself I , and qftentheformerismeantwhenthe latterismentioned.The State itselfisan idealperson,j

lntangible, invisible,immutable.The governmentisanagent,and,withinthesphereofthe agency,a'

l1. erfectrepresentative;butoutsideofthat,itisaIawlesusurpation.TheConstitutionofthe'Stateisthdj

jimitof1heàuthorityofitsgovernment,andb0thg6vernmentandStatearesubjecttothesupremacyofI

the Constitution ofthe United States,and ofthe laFsm ade in pursuancethereof...Thisdistincion isesl l

sentialtotheideaofconstitutionalaovernment.TodenvitorblotitoutobliteratestheIineofdemarcation

l -'' ''' . l

thatseparatesconstitutionalgovernmentfrom absolutism,freesélf-governmentbasedonthesovereignty

l 1

pfthepeoplefrom thatdespotism,whetheroftheoneorthemany,whichenablqstheagento-jt-heSta-te-j f ''-

$9dqqlpw ppd-dqcqpethp.!l.qij.ttq-ktatqptq-j.#yz'L%p-t.çleëtmq('''')I

15

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 38 of 46
W HEREAS,thecourtsm ustbesensitivetotheinter-workingsand inter-politicsof

theexecutivebranch;

W HEREAS,hypothetically,Executive Branch-Gcumbent-Attorney-General-Doland-FBlcouldhavebeen deniedaccesstoPresidentialReçordsofExecutiveBranch-former-president-Trum pbyExecutiveBranch-incumbent-president-Biden;and,

W HEREAS,therefore,thecurrenthappeningsin thecase-at-hand areappeasement

tovitalpartsoftheGovernm entandpossiblepoliticalpartiesand factionsthePresident

mustappease,PHH Corp.,839F.3d at1& 12-13(AstheSupremeCourthasexplained,

ourConstitution''wasadopted toenablethepeopletogovernthem selves,throughtheir

electedleadersz''andtheConstitution''requiresthataPresidentchosenbytheentireNation overseetheexecution ofthelaws.'')(quotingFreeEntemriseFundv.Pub.Co.Acct.

oversightBd.,561U.s.477,499(2010));pq//fngsFoxh,1b3S!Ctuqt2887J''T$qy4q fqçq

ropprqueappr-elyidqqlqgiçalcommitmentp thelaw'.conjtitutiqnplitywithoutthqneedt

po takq çpgn-izancq.pfw

res-ourc: conjtrpints,çhjnge. sin ppb. 1!.çvqpjnionf-tn-cl.jd- jn-g-pql-lq

factoringtheo kniqnsofsockaloutcasts,U.Srconst.art.IV,j24 amenù.XIV,j1,cI.2),

rpotentialramificationsforotherstateprio. ritieslfj''(appro. priatiqnthroughg.pno-m ic.sll)

UnitedStatesv.Arthrex,Inc.,No.19-1434*23,594U.S. (2021)(Roberts,C.J.ZTheConstitutionalhierarchyrequires''theexerciseofexecutivepowergtoremainqaccountableto

thepeople.'');& Dkt.69at18quotingEgan,484U.S.at527(unauthorizedpersons);and,

W HEREAS,thereisruleoflaw,theCourtsm ustprotecttheExecutiveBranch-incum bent-presidentand theExecutiveBranch-former-presidentfrom aggressions;and,

16

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 39 of 46
W HEREAS,thecurrentactsareaggressionsagainsttheUnitedStates,foundinsome

W esternHemispherezs-andSisterCommonLaw jurisdictions'-governmentalfashionfor

coupsdetat.

THEREFORE,theCourtshouldenterjudgementinfavorofPlaintiff,whoisimmune

from prosecutionbytheDefendant-M r.Gonzalez.

W HEREAS,inadditiontoDkts.21,36,and60,thePoliticalQuestionDoctrine,under

Bakerz?.Carr,369U.S.186,217(1962)(atextualy demonstrableconsdtutionalcommitmentoftheissuetoacoordinatepoliticaldepartment);and,

W HEREAS,pursuanttothePoliticalQuestionDoctrinetheissueisreservedforthe

Presidencydirectly,fortheinterestofmaintainingPresidentialAutonomy(i.e.inanearlierdraftoftheDeclaration oflndependenceof1776,ThomasJefferson addressed the

Grievancesagainstthe Parliam ent,which he thoughtcaused the denialofthe Olive

BranchTreatp but,TheKingwasstilgivingpowertoParliament),compareOriginalDraft

(''weutterlydissolvea11politicalconnection which mayheretoforehavesubsistedbetween usand thepeople orparliam entofGreatBritain:and finally we do assertand

declarethesecoloniestobefzeeandindependentstates,andthatasfreeandindependent

states,theyhavefullpowertolevyw ar,concludepeace,contractalliances,establishcommerce,andtodoal1otheractsandthingswhichindependentstatesmayofrightdo.'')

withFinalDrafti6and,

W HEREAS,Robert Yates,who refused to sign the Uzzited States Constitution

thoughtthatthejudiciarywouldbeable''tomould''theroleofthepzesidencyi;and,

https:/yteachingamerica% istoz-y.org/document/rough-dl'al-of-the-declaration-of-Mde endence/.

7. https:/kwww.heritage.org/courts/report/against-q'udicial-suprelnacy-the-founders-r d-thelimits-the-courtst''Evez'ybody ofmeninvested with officez''Yatesobserved,''aretenaciousofpower.''

Moreover,thisloveofpowerwould''influence''judges''toextendtheirpower,andincreasetheirrightsz''

withtheresultthatthecourtswilltendto''givesuchameaningtotheConstitutioninallcaseswhereitcan

17

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 40 of 46
WHEREAS,''lhlumanexperienceteachesthatthosewhoexpectpublicdissemination oftheirrem arksm ay welltem percandorwith aconcern forappearancesand for

theirown intereststothedetrimentofthedecisionmakingprocess...lalPresidentand

thosewhoassisthim m ustbefreetoexplorealternativesintheprocessofshapingpolicies

and m aking decisionsand todosoin away thatm any wouldbeunw illingto express

exceptprivatelp''Nixon,418U.S.at705& 708;and,

W HEREAS,''gilndesigningthestructureofourGovernmentanddividingandalocatingthesovereign poweram ongthreeco-equalbranches,theFram ersoftheConstitution soughttoprovideacom prehensivesystem,buttheseparatepowerswerenotintended

tooperatewithabsoluteindependencey''Nïxon,433U.S.at442-3(quotingYoungstownSheet

& TubeC0.v.Sawyer,343U.S.579(1952)/and,

W HEREAS,theAttorney Generalm ightbeappropriateifCongress'interestsw ere

violatedwithtlaePresidentialRecordsAct,butcfId.,2U.S.C.jj192& 271-2881%&Andersonv.Dunn,19U.S.204(1821)(onlywhenCongress'interestsareviolated,theSegreant-at-Armsdoestheenforcement;seegeneralyTit1e2oftheUnitedStatesCodelj'.tti. d)è4

VtvHLkCAt, ''q(f1b'.Q. lqqsernc: ö-$àemocrpcyisthptthèrightto),r.i.pk:I.aw''.rtà?'zitid'lqth.'flt,i,',s'.'ù..,,

'.-

'

!q@..:.:.2..-.I'qk?t.-q'..:i-.td.-'f.l.b-.w..-d..L.t.ö..t.-.h.dq@2'.fëp.qyqr.nmqp.t'.-p.ptt..h.çqt..-.lh.q.rwpy..à..r.6.und.E.ls1.-.''.(.-l.ll.ïi.?ï$'.1E42'7.t.#i-$'#.h.2L'.7.q1.è3..-'.t1.-y.'t.-.t')1

çt.jtj;L. y. y.. g.i- à.y-ù.#.

possiblybedone,aswillenlargethesphereoftheirauthority.v...-f'heend resultofallthiswouldbea

SupremeCourtwithpowertorulethecountryinthemostimportantmattersaccordingtoitsownwilltonotonlyexceeditsauthoritybuttousurpothers'authority.''Thispowen''Yatessaid,''willenable''the

justicesoftheSupremeCourt''tomouldthegovernmentintoalmostanyshapefga.,/please.''...YatesfurthercontendedthattheSuprem eCourtwottldnotonlybesuprem eoverallothercourts,butthatitwould,infact,

bethesupremepowerin thegovernmenttobecreatedby theConstitudon.Thissupremacy,Yatescontended,wouldfollowfromtheCourt'spowerofsettlingforallotherpoliticalactorstheauthoritativep'rléwrli7zgofthe

Constitution.TheSupremeCourt,heobserved,''hasthepower,inthelastresort,todetermineallquestions

thatmayariseinthecourseoflegaldiscussion,onthemeaningandconstructionoftheCoztstitution.v).

18

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 41 of 46
Wk HEREAS,theincumbentPresidentoftheUnitedStatesisthe nextfriend o th 4

' ''therealpar'tyininterestr''theuniqueSovereign,ofalIthenaturalpersons!eachasovj

:reisn,pftheUnitvdjtaltqj,Holjnaqwon. t!,1a3s..c..t:pt2q6-5&2.444.,

THEREFORE,theCourtshouldenterjudgement,underFed.R.Civ.P.12(b)(2)or

(b)(6),infavorofPlaintiff,whoisimmunefrom prosecutionbytheDefendant-M r.Gonzalez,and advisethatprosecutionism ostproperfrom theincumbentPresidenthim self

orhishonor'scounselor,i.e.CounselortothePresident(M r.SteveRicchetti,J.D.),butnot

theAttorneyGeneraltTheHon.MerickGarland,J.D.).tB....utc/.WlaiteHouseGeneral

Counselor(M r.StuartF.Delery,J.D.).InreLindsey,158F.3dat1280-2(W hiteHouse

GeneralCounselunderthecommandoftheincumbentPresidentv.DOJ).H,q//fpgsFqrthfj

l3as.dt.at2685& 3673(referringtoPrnvidenceJouqnalCo.,485U.S:ay700)kFederalist78 j d 1334(Alito J dissentïng)(Heaào1' . tMaineCmty.pe-a.pth-Optfon-s,.14.0 ...t.at . .,..,..- -.-- .....-.j

Fashington,D.C.shoulddirectitsnqt'lStateandGovernment,ano. rdinaryfqderalcoml

innonIaw patter).jA11documentsshouldbereturnedtoPlaintiff.

INTHEALTERNATIVE,thecourtmaydismissunderFed.R.Civ.P.12(b)(7).

IN THEALTERNATIVE,sincetheDefendant'sactsareunconstitutionaland cannot

beratifiedtobecom econstim tional,asDefendantonzittedtheincum bentPresident-Head

ofStateand-l-lead ofGovernm entagainsttheincumbentPresident'sownOrderforProtocol,the courtm ay dism issand rule in favorofPlaintifffortheDefendant'sunclean

hands.

IN THEAI-TERNATIVE,thecourtm ayissuean OrdertoShow CausetotheDefendantfor1aw enforcem entJ'urisdiction.

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 42 of 46
ATALLCOsTs,tlaisCourtshouldavoidcreatingaslipperyslopesothattheincum -

bentPresidentwilbesubjecttoarrestbytheincumbentAttorneyGeneral,who,but,

serve:atthehonor'spleasure,orcreatean unconstitutionalautonomy ofexecutivedepartments,whichwillnotbeaccountabletothePeople,-or,som etim es,totheirvarying

interests-theepitom eofexecutivetyranny.

''IAJprosegmotionlzhoweverinartfulypleaded,mustbeheld tolessstringent

standardsthan form alpleadingsdraftedby lawyers.''Ericksonv.Pardus,551U.S.89,94

(2007).

Iusem yConstitutionalPrivileges,honors,andrightsofknowingfrom m yundergraduateand law school,jurisdoctorcandidacy,educadons,andpoliticalofficesand

from reading1aw outsideofform alschoolingforthewritinganddiscussions,argum ents,

fthesefilings,seeDkt.21at5 & 20 andsupra,'p'. ...:

andmodonso 72-03(signatureline).k//q/lj

iqgîwgrthb133S.Ct:4t?687& 6 Mqqp - ,

* * ':' .

*.i>.''. .*'. .z''.t...''; (1!2(ir:l:.ql.40'lik''4(E!-qlkrfo(Ir7'dlEilr.(Ir-ti;k5125iEsl!.slkr.ti!r(Irsl:'.(yj;'r 4(:::,qlrl:..0(Ir-k,fto... J'!,*j'v'4rIiflRtjAltik;c'tpr.;t;%'..(jj.zi:%i.LnJ.'*q/ajyrgv .*'*..7.4q.(1>i.v..:fic.r.ë-.

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22!to .:vpiddqfppltpndàntqrqdtchaqg>jq.noyhprm-qryqplyvçqmrpilm. A n--ts,j

Re ectfully sub ' ed,

atel

T.E.,T..RajK.P (prosej

6850East21stStreet

lndianapolis,IN 46219

M arion County

317-450-6651(ce11)

rajpzolo@gmail.com

www.rajpatel.live

20

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 43 of 46
J.D.Candidate,NotreDameL.Sch.2015-2017

President/studentBodyPresident,StudentGov'tAss'nof

EmoryU.,Inc.2013-2014(corp.sovereignzol3-present)

StudentBodyPresident,BrownsburgCm ty.Sch.

Corp./president,BrownsburgHighSch.StudentGov't

2009-2010(corp.sovereign2009-present)

Rep.from theNotreDam eL.Sch.StudentB.Ass'ntothe

Ind.St.B.Ass'n 2017

DeputyRegionalDirector,YoungDem ocratsofAm .-l-ligh

Sch.Caucus2008-2009

Co-Founder& ViceChairzInd.HighSch.Dem ocrats2009-

2010

VicePresidentofFin.tlndep.l,OxfordC.Republicansof

Em oryU .,lnc.2011-2012

21

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 44 of 46
1

CERTIFICA TE OF SERV ICE

lcertifythatIservedacopyoftheforegoingRajK.Patel's(ProSe)FourthAmendedDkt.

87on10/29/2022tobelow individualsviathee-mail:

:JamesM .Trusty

;IFIG H,PLLC JuanAntonioGonzalez

11717PelmsylvaniaAve,NW,Suite650 UNITEDSTATESATTORNEY

tWaslaington,DC20006 99NE4thStreet,8thFloor

202-852-5669 M iam i,Fl33132

Email:jtrusty@ifrahlaw.com Telephone:(305)961-9001

I Em ail:J'uan.antonio.gonzalez@usdoq'.gov

!LindseyHalligan

'I511SE5thAvenue Jay1.Bratt,Chief

lFortLaudqrdale,Florida33301 Counterintelligence& ExportControl

!720-435-2870 Section Nat'lSecurityDiv.

jEmail:lindseyhaligan@outlook.com 950PexmsylvaniaAvenue,NW l W ashington,D.C.20530

ChristopherM ichaelKise (202)233-0986

ChrisKise& Associates,P.A. jay.brattz@usdoj.gov

201EastParkAve.Ste,5thFloor

Tallahassee,FL32301 PresidentJoeBiden .

(850)270-0566 c/oM arinaM .Kozmycz,AssociateGen.

chris@ckise.net Counsel

TheE.O.P.attheW hiteH ouse

M .Evan Corcoran 1600PennsylvaniaAvenueN W

Silverm an,Thom pson,Slutkin,& W hite, w ashington, D .C.20500

LLC Phone:202-457-1414

400EastPrattStreet,Suite900 (REDACTEDI

Baltim ore,M D 21230

410-385-2225

ecorcoran@silverm anthompson.com

Dated:O ctober29,2022

Respectfully subm itted,

1 /S/RajPatel

l T.E.,T.E.RajK.Patel(Pro.S:)

: 6850 East21stStreet

lndianapolis,IN 46219

M arion County

317-450-6651(cell)

rajpzolo@gmail.com

www.rajpatel.live

22

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 45 of 46
~ $ 1075 WEST PAlM BEACH Fl 

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Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 165 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/08/2022 Page 46 of 46