e'q

IN THE UN ITED STATES D ISTRICT CO URT FO R TH E

SOUTH ERN D ISTRICT OF FLO RID A

W EST PALM BEA CH D IVISIO N

FILED BY '

D.C

SEF 18 2022

# C

ALNEGRKELLAISE. NOBLE

j,,.-,-.- @..!X.Qf-612.DCISWX.PC.BX DONALD J.TRUW , .

Plaint#

U M TED STA TESOF AM ERICA,

Defendnnt

N o.9:22-a -81294-AM C

Dated:September19,2022

JURYTIUALDEM ANDED

M OVANT-INTERVENOR (PRO SEI-M JK.PATEUS

SECON D A M EN D ED D K T.87

1,T.E.,T.ERAJK.PATEL,thetm dersignedm ovant-intervenorprose,in theabovenam edcase,withapendingm odonatDkt.36,herebysubm itthisseœmn.am endedreply

toDefendant-united StatesofAm erica'sResponseatDkt.48,wltich iswritten tobean

additiontoDkt.60(duplicatefilingatDkt.61),orasinyresponsetoDefendant'sM odon

atDkt.69.L.R.7.1(c)(2)(10pagessfrontandback).Amenà'mentsr eemnciAmen:m.nts

W HEREAG,''Attom eyGeneralBrewsterexplainedmorethanacenturyago,'ltlhere

aretwokindsofoHieinlterm s'..-onekindof'term 'referstoaperiodofpersonalservice.

In thatcase,'theterm isappurtenantto theperson'...Anotherkind of'term 'refersto

a#'edslotoftimetowhichindividualappointeesareassigned.--There,'thepersonisappurtenanttothe1qrm '...In otherwords,a'term ofoffke'can eithernm w1:14theperson

orw1t1*thecalendap''UnitedStatesv.Wilson,290F.3d347,353(D.C.Cin2002)(quoting

Comm'rsoffhcDisf.ofColumbia,170p.Att'yGen.476,476-79(18821 and,

1

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 1 of 19
W HEREAS,thePresidendalRecordsAct,44U.S.C.jj2201-2209,makestheformer

PresidentapartoftheExecudveBranch,and m orespedfically thePresidencp W ilson,

290F.3d at353& Federalist78;and,

W HEREAS,execudveprivilege''safeguardsthepublicinterestincandid,confident4aldeliberadortswitltintheExecudveBranch;itis'fundam entaltotheoperadonofGovernment,'''Trumpv.M azarsU.5.,LLP,140S.Ct.201% 2032(U.S.2020)9and,

W HEREAS,allPresidendaldata''(is)presumpdvelyprivilegedz''Nixonr.Sirica,487

F.2d700,716(D.C.Cir.1973/and,

W HEREAS,''itlformadon subjecttoexecudveprivilegedeserves'thegreatestprotectionconsistentwiththefairadministradonofjustice,'''M azars,140S.Ct.at2024(quotingUnitedStatesv.Nixon,418U.S.683,715(1974):and,

W HEREAS,''ltlheltighrespectthatisowedtotheofficeoftheCltiefExecudve...is

amatierthatshouldirtform theconductoftheendreproceedinp''Clintonv.Jones,520

U.S.681,705,117S.Ct.1636,1650-51(1997),andthatthereisatradidonoffederalcottrts'

affording ''the uM ostdeference to Presidendalresponsibilides Clinton,117 S.Ct.at

1652,''InreLindsq,158F.3d1263,1280(D.C-Cir.1998)jtquotingNixon,418U.S.at710-

11)(internalquotationmarksomittedl);and,

W HEREAS,''ltlheauthority to protectnadonalsecurity information fallson the

President,''Dq'toftheNl'tz.kv.Egan,484U.S.518,527(1988),seealso,e.g.,Mumhyp.scc'y,

LLS.Dep'tofArmy,769Fed.Appx-779,792(111 Cir.2019),&Dkt.69at13;and,

W HEREAS,forpurposesofPresidentialRecordsAct,theincumbentPresidentwho

transidonstoformerPresident,isan ''agent''ofthepeople,Egan,484U.S.at52% Federnlist78,& Dkt.69 at18;and,

2

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 2 of 19
W Y ltM s,theSupremeCotrthasemphasizedthatprivilegeclaim q,''m ustbeconsideredinlightofourhistoriccommitmenttotheruleoflaw''and''ltlheneedtodevelop

a11relevantfactsintheadversarysystem ,''Nixon,418U.S.at708-09& Dkt.69at99and,

W I-mItEAS,''Iiln the performance ofassigned consdtudonalduties,(Execudve

branc-hloftheGovernmentmustinidally interprettheConsdtudon,and...-fhePresident'scourusel,aswehavenoted,readstheConsdtutionasprovidingan absoluteprivilege ofcortfidentiality forallPresidendalcom m unicatlozw ''N ixon,418U .S.at703-4,28

U.S.C.j516,& seegeneralyDavidA.Strauss,''PresidendalInterpretationoftheConstit'udon,''15CardozoL.Rev.113,113-135(1993)19and,

W HEREAS,inotherwords,''execudvebranc.h m ustinterprettheConstitudonbeforeitcan deddew hattodoz''sccgenerallyStrauss,15CardozoL.Rev.at113-135;and,

W HEREM ,theSupremeCourthas''rejectled)theargumentthatonlyanincumbent

Presidentmayassert''separadon-of-powersclaims,Nixonv.Adm'rofGen.Servs.,433U.5.

425,439(1977)9and,

W HEREAS,thereisan G tem alseparation ofpow erson interpretingtheConsdtutionwi'hintheExecudveBranch;and,

W HEREAS,privilegeandim mtmidesm aybeusedtosustain separadon ofpowers

insidebranchesofgovernm entand acrossgovernm entsundertheUnitedStatesCorusdtudon;and,

W HEREAS,theUnitedStatesDepartmentofStateisresponsibleforinterpretingand

elaboratingonthePrivilegesandImmunitiesClause,U.S.const.art.1V,S2;

1.David A.Strauss,''Presiderd alIntetw etadon oftheConsdtudons''15CardozoL.Rev.113,113-

135 (1993), https:/kW cagor bound.uchl'cago.edu/cp'kdewcontent.cp'?referer=&h% sreiN l&ardcleaB oo6&context='ournalarEdes'presidential.

3

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 3 of 19
W HEREAS,theUnitedStatesDepartm entofStateshow sitselaboradononthePrivilegesand lm munidesClausein theUnited StatesOrderofPrecedencebytheOfficeof

the CltiefofProtocol,https://- astate.gov/N -content/uploads/zor /oz/uGtedStates-order-of-precedence-Februe -zozz.pdf(revised Feb.11,2022)& U.S.const.art.

1V,j2,.and,

W HEREM ,theUnitedStatesDepartmentofJustice,theAtlomeyGeneral,orU.S.

AttomeyJuanGortzales,(Iidnotfollow theUnitedStatesOrderofPrecedencedulyestablishedbytheOfficeoftheCltiefofProtocol,J#.;.and,

W HEREAS,tlaeincumbentPresidentoftheUnitedStateshassupportedtheUnited

StatesOrderofPrecedencehousedbytheUnitedStatesDepartm entofStateOfficeofthe

ChiefofProtocol,wltic.hshowsthatform erPresidentTrum poutrnnkqincllmbentAttorneyGeneralM errickGarland,Id.& 3U.S.C.jj301cfseq.;and,

W HEREAS,thus,theUnited StatesDeparkmentofStateandtheUnited StatesDepartmentofJusdceareadversariesinoursystem ofruleoflaw,inordertocreateaseparationofpowersandchecksandbalance,butcf.DocfrineofComity,U.S.const.art.1V,j

2,& 28U.S.C.j5169and,

W HEREAS,theintnlm bentPresidentoftheUnited Stateshasnotcleared,noxm ay

ratt'fytmconsdtutionalactstomakethem consdtudonal/breachofprotocol;and,

WHEREAS,theexecudveDepnementsanditsHeadshavebeencreateé,byanAG

ofCongress,andappointedbythePresident,w1t1:adviceand consent9om theSenate, k - -. -. --- .-. -.

2.Underthecom m onlaw ,theincllm bentKingm aychangeprotocolat-willagainstaform er

HeadofStateoraprecedingM onarda;thosevestedpowersareembeddedintheUnitedStatesConstitutionand rem ain cortstantuntillaw fully am ended.Besides,asthecom plaintandAtlorney General'sM erz'ickGarland'srublic,apolidcal,andlegalcommentsshowzcurrentlp onlyaunitofanExecutivebranch

hasacted,Le.theDepnrpmentofJustke-F.B.l.(ratherth> theExecutivebranchaswhole.Dkt.1at10.To

nosurprise,even againstaform erpresident,m ordertolegallycondition thepeacefulkansition of

power,theExecutivepowerksmuchweakert14= ofacommon1aw King's.UnitedStatesv.Providence

JournalCo.,485U.5.693,701(1988)(moreth> one''UnitedStates''is''startlins').

4

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 4 of 19
Freytagv.Comnl'r,501U.S.868,886,917(1991)(discussingHeadsandprincipalofficers

oftheexecudvedepartments);and,

W HEREAS,theExecutiveBranch's''interpretadonofits(ownlpowers...isduegreat

respectfrom theothers,''Nixon,418U.S.at703-4;and,

W HEREAS,''(al1Jpowersoflaw enforcement...areassignedunderourConstitudon

totheEyecutiveandtheJudiciarp''Quinnv.UnitedStates,349U.S.155,161(1955).

THEREFORE,onlyaunitoftheExecutiveBranch,thecurrentAttorneyGeneral,has

broughtchargesagainstformerPresidentTrumpinviolation oftheinter-worldngsofthe

executivebranchprotocol,orderedbytheincumbentPresidentBiden,ashousedbyPresidentBiden'ssubordinates,whoarealso eithertheAttorney General'ssuperiorsorcoequalsonthesubject-matler,intheUnitedStatesDepartmentofState.

FURTHERMORE,thePresident,thecottrts,ortheExecudveBranchcnnnotm utedistinctionsofoffice,person,state,andgovernment,astheyareanelaboradonoftheUrtited

StatesConsdtution Privilegesand Imm urtitiesClause,wlzic.h laysoutthestructureand

lanesofenforcem ent.

W HEREAS,inorderforafederaldistrictcottrtoflaw tohavepersonaljurisdiction,

tmderFed.R.Civ.12(b)(2),traditionalnodonsof''naturaljusdcez''''fairplap''and''substantialjustice''mustataltim enotbeviolated,M cDonaldv.Mabee,243U.S.90,92(1917),

JointAnti-FascistComm.v.M cGrath,341U.S.123,123(1951),Breithauptv.Abram,352U.S.

432,435(1957)(shocktheconscience,kadidonalnotionsoffairplayanddecencp indicia

ofnotapeacefultransitionofpowercausedbyDefendant-Dolisaviolationoftheconscience),Gonzalesv.UnitedStates,348U.S.407,412(1955)(''underlyiqgconceptsofproceduralregularityandbasicfairplay''),Int'1ShoeCo.v.W ashington,326U.S.310,324&

326(1945),UnitedStatesv.Lovasco,431U.S.783,796(1977)(dueprocessembodies''fundamentalconceptionsofjusdce''and''thecommlnity'sserkseoffairplayanddecencf')

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 5 of 19
(seeFederalist77,UnitedStatesasacommurtity),Cnty.ofSacramentov.Lewis,523U.S.

833,847(1998)(conscience-shockingbehavioris''so'brutal'and'offensive'thatit(does)

notcomportwithtraditlonalideasoffairplayanddecency.'')(abuseofexecutivepower)

(decenciesof''civilized conductz''epitomized in U.S.const.art.1V,92)(bowing and

curtsyamongstandtostateactorsortheeffectinourcommlnity),& Sessionsv.Dimaya,

138S.Ct.1204,1212(2018)(requiredbyboth''ordinarynodortsoffairplayandthesettled

rulesoflaw.'')'and

W HEREAS,traditionalnotionsofnaturaljusdcestatesaformerT.H.(T.E.)President

oftheUrtitedStates(T.E.PresidentoftheUrtitedStatesforalldocumentsforeignaffairs),

from theNaturalState,ismorefitthanthecurrentcourt(judgeandDefendant)andthe

NaturalOrderdem andsthattheincumbentAttorney Generalyieldtopressingcharges

againstPlaintiff,ourform erH ead ofState,seeUrtited StatesOrderofPrecedence-united

StatesDep'tofState-officeoftheChiefofProtocol,U.S.const.art.lV,j2,& Dkt.60at2,

5,5n.3,& 7;and,

W HEREAS,traditionalnotionsofbasicfairplay andsubstantialjusticehavebeen

violated,seee.g.Obergefellr.Hodges,576U.S.644,742(2015)(laarshtreatmentisnotfair

play)(gaysandlesbianshavebeendeniedtheNaturalOrder,pursuanttotheiraclaievem entsin civilsodetp asthewealthiestcomm urtitp pardcularlp gaymen,intheUnited

States;thesam eillnesshasentered stateand governm entalinsdtudons,preventingthe

NaturalOrder,includingingoverningtheDefendant'sdedsions)(Plaintiffhasbeendenied rightfulplacein theafterm ath oflaishonor'sincumbency asPresidentofUrtited

Statesl3& Pet.forW ritofCert.*58-9,Patelv.UnitedStates,No.22-5280(U.S.202-)9and,

3.https:/ke c-prod-requests.s3-us-west-z.amr onaws.com /W age-Gap-Appendh.pdf.

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 6 of 19
W HEREM ,even with explicitinform ed cortsentthePlaintiffcannotavailhim self

beforetltiscourtbecauseltisavailmentcannotovercom ethevioladontraditionalnodons

offairplay,naturaljusdce,andsubstandaljusticeasappliedtothecourtandanypossible

nzlingbythiscourt,U.S.const.art.1V,j2& seealsoUnitedStatesOrderofPrecedenceUnitedStatesDep'tofState-officeoftheChiefofProtocol;and,

W HEREAS,thiscotlrtcannotatlac.hpersonaljurisdictiontothePlaintiffasitwould

violatethekaditlonalnotiorusoffairplay,naturaljustice,and substandaljustice,and,

thus,itsopinionwouldonlybeadvisory;and,

W HEREAS,inaddidon,thecorollarytoPlaindff'sform erPresidendalprivilege,im -

munitp isthecourt'slimitedjudicialreview,Federalist78,U.S.const.art.lV,j2,art.l1l

(originalintent),& nmend.V.M arburyr.Madison,5U.S.137(1803).

THEREFORE,tltisCourtshoulddisrnisssuaspontetmderFed.R.Civ.P.12(b)(2),as

theCourtdoesnothavepersonaljurisdicdonforPlaintiff,orFed.R.Civ.P.12(b)(6),for

failuretostateaclaim uponwhichreliefcanbegranted,asthereisnoenforcem entm echanism torequirethePlaintiff,theform erHeadofStateandform erPresident,w hoisalso

Privileged,pertheN aturalState,andislm m une,pertheN aturalStatetoo;tlaedeficienciescan only becttred by new chargesbroughtdirectlybytheinctmbentPresident,by

ltisowncotm selor,ratherth> theincumbentAtlom eyGeneral.

FIJRTHERMORE,thenodonsofnaturaljusdce,fairplay,andsubstandaljusdcebutt'resscastledoctrine,asgenerallyapplied,andPlaindff'scastlecanuniquely,alongw ith

thepastPresidents,can withstand allforcesexceptthosedirectly and corustitutionally

com m andedbytheincumbentPresident,e.g.UnitedStatesSecretServiceorUnitedStates

Arm ed andSpaceForce.SeeDkt.60at2,5,5n.3,& 7.Thisisalsobecausedue process

cannotoverride a PrivilegeorImmunity,and substantivedue processisconsiderate of

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 7 of 19
PrivilegesandImmunities,pertheFederalistandAnti-FederaIistcontractoftheBilV

!Rights,and the interestofthe Foundersand Amendersto preserve the culture.ofour

'

INation.U.S.const.art.lV,j2& amend.XIV,j2,cl.1,'Lovasco,431U.S.at796,'Federalist80(''ItmaybeesteemedthebasisoftheUnion,that''thecitizensofeachStateshal

be entitled to alIthe privilegesand immunitiesofcitizensoftheseveralStates.''And if

titbea'i'ust- pë rincip* lethateverygovernm entO UGHT TO POSSESSTHE M EANSO FEX-

'

..

ECUTING lTSOW N PROVISIONS BY ITSOW N AUTHORITY.'');Pet.forW ritofCerl.*

58-9,Pate/v.UnftedStates,No.22-5280(U.S.202..3,.& compareU.S.const.art.lV,jj

l-2tjj,wfthU.S.const.art.VI,j1referringtoAliclesofConfederation(1781),art.IV,paras.

1& 3(''Thebettertosecureandperpetuatemutualfriendshipandintercourseamong

thepeopleofthedifferentStatesinthisUnion(i.e.,DoctrineofComityinU.S.const.art.

'

IV#'j2)#thefreeinhabitantsofeachoftheseStates,paupers,vagabonds,andfugitives

from justiceexcepted,shalbeentitledtoaIprivilegesandimmunitiesoffreecitizensin

theseveralStatesi...provided also thatno imposition,dutiesorrestriuionshallbe Iaid

byanyState,onthe propertyofthe United States,oreitherofthem.''//''FuIlfaith and

creditshalbegivenineachoftheseStatestotherecords,acts,anàjudicialproceedings

ofthecour'tsand magistratesofeveryotherState.,, ,, ,, j (2jr/k,:q:j),,(:jri. )((magistrates repace I

'

'' zen )(seeDlt1.21at1b)(seeaIsoPatelv.UnitedStates,No.1:21-cv-020041LAS(Fed.

cI.jbzo,okt.1at9-10n.6:.

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 8 of 19
UNDERFED.R.Cm P.24,Ihaveacom monquestionoflaw orfactorinterestinthe

transactionbecauseafavorablerulingtotheDefendantcanviolatemyExcellencies,the

style/titles,and my careerand statesmanship by extension ofthisrulingamongst1icensed Governm entalactors,local,state,federal,and international,whom ightsym paf'hizewitht'hisCeurl'sunce n fhiAuiienalit.

W HEREAS,theSupremeCottrthasheld thataform erPresidentmaynotsuccessfully assertexecutiveprivilegeagainstreview by ''thevery ExecudveBranch inwhose

nametheprivilegeisinvoked,''Nixon,433U.S.at447-48& Dkt69at8;4and,

w usxsAs,execusvelarivilegeandexecutw eTm mllnityarecorollarieszbutdistinct

concepts,U.S.const.art.lV,j2& amend.M V,j1,c1.2;and,

W HEIREAS,assertingonenecessarilyimputestheassertionoftheother,JJ.;and,

W HEREAS,form erUrtited StatesPresidentTrum p m ay assertexecudvelm m urtity

from Urtited StatesGovernm entalforcewltichisnotunderthecom m and oftheincumbentUnited StatesPresident,Id.;and,

W HEREAS,inthehappeningsrelatedtoNixon,433U.S.at425,incambentPresident

GeraldFordwasintimatelyinvolvedinprosecutingformerPresidentNixon,Id.&cf.Dkt.

1at10;and,

W HEREAS,here,asllnlikeinthehappeningsrelatedtoNixon,433U.S.at425,tlae

incumbentPresidentisnotinfim ately hw olved againstthe projecution ofPresident

Biden,PHH & rp.v.ConsumerFinancialProtectionBureau,839F.3d1,12-13(D.C.Cir.2016)

4.AnF.B.I.cannotclaim execudvePrivilegeagninsttheinnlm bentAttorney General,butaformerPresidentcandaim execudvePrivilege(i.e.PresidentialPrivilege)againsttheincumbentAtlorrtey

General.Respectivelp theindependentconceptofexecutiveIm mtmityapplies,which favorstheform er

PresidentagainsttheincumbentAttorneyGeneral.

9

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 9 of 19
(M adisonianpresidendalcontrol),seeM organv.UnitedStates,304U.S.1,22(1938)(holdingthatitis''notthefunction ofthecourttoprobethementalptocessesofthe(Executivelv),andDkt.1at10;and,

W HEREAS,here,thetopicsofdocumentsarerelated to foreign policp tmlikein

Nixon,433U.S.at425,where,thedocum entswererelatedtodomest'icpolicy;and,

W HEREAS,morespedficalyandmaterialy,aformerPresident/HeadofStateoutrankstheincatmbentAtlom eyGeneralinforeignreladonsand diplom adcm atler,which

areexclusivelyreserved forthePresident'srecognition,seegeneralyProvidenceJournal,

485U.S.at701(morethanone''UnitedStates''is''startling'/);and,

W HElkEAs,theincumbentPresident,tlw United StatesOrderofPrecedenceduly

establishedby theOfficeoftheChiefofProtocol,andthePresidentialRecordsAd show

thattheform erpresidentscarry on offidalduties,which comew1t11om nipresentprivileges and imm unities,wltich are absolute exceptatagainstan incumbentPresident,

Nixon,418U.S.at703-4& Scheuerv.lUztlcs,416U.S.232,239,241,244,& 248,(1974/and,

W HEREAS,theCorusdtutionalpowerofexecudvePrivilegeand/orexecutivelmm unityofaform erPresident,thus,m aybelawfullyasserted againsttheincum bentDepartmentofJusdce,U.S.const.art.lV,j2& amend.XIV,j1,c1.2,M urrayp.Bush,No.

06-C-0781*1(E.D.W is.Aug.31,2006)(''whethertheactionisfrivolousormalicious,or

seeksreliefyomanimmuneplrhg,orfailstostateaclaim onwlticlareliefmaybegranted.'')

(italicsadded)(internalcitationsomitted);cf 28U.S.C.j1915(e)(2)(B)(ii);Wiliamsv.

Holmes,No.1:17-cv-00799-KOB*1(N.D.Ala.Sep.5,2017:M alcolm v.Cïf,yofM iami,No.

22-cv-20499-KING/DAMIAN *2,4,&6(S.D.Fla.Mar.7,2022/&Lister'f7.Dep'tofTreassfng,408F.3d1309(101 Cir.2005:and,

W HEItEA&thePlnintiffcanlawfullypossessthedisputedUrtitedStatesrecords,44

U.S.C.j2202;and,

10

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 10 of 19
W I-IEIxEAS,theFed.R.Civ.P.8(c)(1)alow fortheaffirmadvedefensesofillegality

(Defendant'splay in obtainingPresidendalRecords),license(U.S.const.art.lV,j2),

laches(Defendantshouldhaveactedquickeriftrulysuspiciousofnationalsecttrity),or

tmcleanhands(DefendantshouldhaveitwolvedtheincumbentPresidentoftheUnited

States);and,

W I-IEItEAS,tltisCourtisin Coxnityw itlaboth PlaintiffandDefendant,andhasthe

privilegeofservingeachpart.yinhis/her/theirindividualcapacitp DoctrineofComity,

U.S.const.art.1V,j2.

THEREFORE,thePlaintiffisim mtm efa'om prosecudonfrom theDefendant,andthe

Courtshould return a1lrecordstoplaintiff,PresidentTrump,andorderchargesagainst

TheHonorableGarlandforconversion,''treason''/''waF'p''attack,''andrebellionorinsurrection.U.S.const.aTt.11,j3;18U.S.C.j2381;&ProvidenceJournal,485U.S.at701.

FURTHERMORE,tm dertheCorustitutionalficdon,wltich stads,atam inimttm,with

thecorporatechartersmentionedintheDeclaration oflndependence(1776),thelocal,

excellentcorporationsand otherlocalauthorideshavedevolved powerto theFederal

Sovereign,m uc.h m oret14= theSisterStateshavetotheFederalSovereign;thus,theinterestin thet'ransaction isacheck on theDevolved Sovereignty,Faithhllly orderedby

me,theintervenor,andasatu payer.U.S.corust.art.1V,jj1-2& art.Vl,j1;Federalist

78;&42U.S.C.jj2000bbetseq.SeealsoW ltiteHouseOficeofIntergovermnentalAffairs,

https:/kwww .whitehouse.gov/iga/.

W HEREAS,barring subordinate Execuilve Branch from review ing and using the

classified records for crim inalinvestigatespurposesisa m eaninghllw ay ofprotecting

''theconfidentialityofPresidendalcom m urtications,''Nixon,418U.S.at705& contra.Dkt.

69 at10;and,

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 11 of 19
W HEREAS,thereasonsPresidentsorthecottrtsallow independentpersonnelacross

thelntelligence Comm urtity to review thevery sam erecordsforotherclosely related

purposesbutnottheremainderoftlaeExecudveBranch donothavetoberevealed in

ordertoprotecttheconfidendalityofPresidentialRecords,Nixon,418U.S.at705;and,

W l-mrtu s,tedm ocratsarethepersozm elacrosstheIntelligenceComm unitywho

usualyreceivetheserecordsandwhosenarrow objectivesarepredselycodified,tmlike

in thenot-independentExecudveBranch werepardsans,partym embers,formermem -

bersofCongress,andbureaucratswhoareaccotm tabletovaryinginterests,suchasforeign Heads ofState and inter-governm entalorganizadonsand those hierarchies,are

likelytoreceiveandbeexposedtheserecords;and,

W HEREAS,an affirm anceofthedefaultprotectiortistruleofPresidendalRecords

wilallow theRepublictoremainOneandintact,Nixon,418U.S.at705,ProvidenceJournal,

485U .S.at701,N ixow 433U .S.atM 7-9,& Heinv.Freedom From Religion Found.,Inc,551

U.S.587(2007)(Rather,theywere''createdentirelywithintheexecutivebranch...byPresidendalexecudveorder.''(quotingFreedom From ReligionFound.,Inc.v.Chao,433F.3d

989,997(7thCir.2006)/and,

W HEREAS,theDeparM entofJusdceisnotanindependentagencyoftheExecudve

Branch;and,

W HEREAS,here,the''trial''isoféform erPresident,wltichw asnotinitiatedbythe

incum bentPresident;and,

W HEREAS,theenforcem entofNixon,418U.S.at705isdifferentduetotheadvancem entofteclm ologp and,

THEREFORE,PrevendngtheUnitedStatesDepartmentofJusdcefrom gainingaccesstothem aterialPresidendalRecordsislaw ful,aswellastheappointmentofthespecialm aster,butthePresidendalRecordsareproperlyretum edtoPresidentTrlm patthe

12

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 12 of 19
earliestconvenience;ifnot,atleastacopy ofallrecords,asthePlaindffm aintainslzis

presum ptionofcorrectnessUAtIIproven otherwise.

FURTHERMORE,thistransactioncouldextenttolocalgovernments,asetofDevolversofSovereignty,andinterferewithlocaljurisdictiorts'recordkeepingpracticesandthe

privilegesandimmtmitiesoftheiragents,includingwhenthosejurisdicdonsweredem arcatedinanotherstate.

W - rtEhs,Dkt.69at10-11equivocatesabouttheExecutiveBranch-generallywith

themorespecificterminologiesofexecudvePrivilegesand/orlmmunitiesappliedtothe

ExecutiveBranch-inctlm bent-presidentandExecudveBranch-form er-president;and,

W HEREAS,Defendantistm persuasively arguing,thatin additiontoitstrespassto

a form er President's castle,its Governm entalurtit's needs are ofm ore nationalim -

pol-tancethm4thestatusquoestablished by theExecutiveBranch-incumbent-president,

whichdoesnotdiscrim inateagainsttlaeExecudveBrr ch-fo= er-president-plaine f,and

madepubliclyavailablethroughtheUnitedStatesDepartmentofState-officeoftheCltief

ofProtocol(whethertheExecudveBrr ch-Gcumbent-Attorney-Generalisastateactoror

a governmentalactorisirrelevantdue to the orderofprecedence and the Executive

Branch-incumbent-president'sestablishm entofthenationalsecurity agenda;nonetheless,thesedistinctioruscannotbemuted),Egan,484U.S.at5279seealso,e.g.,M umhy,769

Fed.Appx.at792(''Theauthoritytoprotectnadonalsecurityinformationfallsonthe

Presidentldi1'ectlyl.'/l,&Dkt.69at13;and,

W HEREAS,thePresidentisan agent,in theterm softhePresidentialRecordsAct

and Federalist78;and,

W HEREAS,thecourtsm ustprotectthePresidentfrom aggression from llnknown

sourceswithinExecutiveBranch,whic.hconcurrentlypoliticallyanswertovaryinginterests,Dkt.69at18quoting Egan,484U .S.at5299and,

13

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 13 of 19
W HEREAS,thecourtsm ustbesensidvetotheinter-workingsand inter-politicsof

theexecutivebranch;

&VHEREAS,hypodaedcaEy,Execudve Branch-incumbent-Attorney-General-DolD d-FBIcouldhavebeen dertiedaccesstoPresidentialRecordsofExecutiveBranch-form er-president-Trum pbyExecudveBranG -G O mbent-president-Biden;and,

W HEItEA& therefore,thectrrenthappeningsinthecase-at-handareappeasem ent

tovitalpartsoftheGoverrtm entandpossiblepoliticalpardesandfacdonsthePresident

mustappease,PHH & rp.,839F.3d at1& 12-13(AstheSupremeCourthasexplained,

ourConsdtudon''wasadopted toenablethepeopletogovem them selves,throughthei.r

electedleaders/'andtheConstitudon ''requiresthataPresidentchosenbytheentireNation overseetheexecutionofthe1aws.'')(quotingFreeEnfcrprfscFundv.Pub.Co.Acct.

OversightBd.,561U.S.477,499(2010))9UnitedStatesv.Arthrex,Inc,No.19-1434*23,594

U.S. (2021)(Roberts,C.J.,TheConstitutionalltierarchyrequires''theexerdseofexecutivepower(toremain)accotmtabletothepeople.'/);& Dkt.69at18quotingEgan,484

U.S.at527(unauthorizedpersons);and,

W HEREAS,thereisruleoflaw,theCottrtsm ustprotecttheExecudveBranclwirs

cum bent-presidentand theExecudveBranch-form er-presidentfrom aggressions;and,

W HEREAS,thecurrentactsareaggressionsagainsttheUnitedStates,fotm dinsom e

W esternHemisphere's-andSisterCommonLaw jttrisdicdons'-governmentalfashionfor

coupsdetat.

TITEREFORE,theCourtshouldenterjudgementinfavorofPlaindff,whoisimmune

from prosecutionbytheDefendant-M r.Gonzalez.

14

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 14 of 19
W HEREAS,inaddidontoDkts.21,36,and60,thePolidcalQuesdonDoctrine,under

Bakerv.Cc?-r,369U.S.186,217(1962)(atextualydemonstrableconsdtutionalcommitmentoftheissuetoacoordinatepoliticaldepartment);and,

W HEREAS,pttrsuanttothePolidcalQuestionDoctrinetheissueisreservedforthe

Presidencydirectly,fortheinterestofmaintainingPresidendalAutonomy(i.e.inanean

lierdraftoftheDeclaration oflndependenceof1776,ThomasJefferson addressed the

Grievances againstthe Parliam ent,wltic.h he thoughtcaused the denialofthe Olive

BranchTreatpbut,TheKingwasstillgivingpowertoParliament),compareOriginalDraft

(''weutterlydissolveallpolidcalconnectionwltichmayheretoforehavesubsistedbeM een usand thepeople orparliam entofGreatBritain:and finally w edo assertand

declarethesecoloniestobefreeandindependentstates,andthatasfreeandindependent

states,theyhavefullpow ertolevywar,concludepeace,contractalliances,establishcommerce,andtodoallotheractsandthingswhichindependentstatesmayofrightdo.'')

withFinalDraftpand,

W HEREAS,RobertYates,who refused to sign the Urtited States Corusdtudon

thoughtthatthejudiciarywouldbeable''tom ould''theroleofthepresidency;6and,

5.https://teachngamez'ica/dstog .oz'g/document/rough-drit-of-dxe-declradon-of-independence/.

6.https:/kw- .laeritage.org/courts/report/against-l'udicii-supl'emacy-dze-foundez's-and-tlAelimits-the-courtsC'Everybodyofmenhwestedw1t11office/'Yatesobserved,''aretenadousofpower.''

Moreover,tlniqloveofpowerwould''influence''judges''toextendtheirpower,andinceasetheirz'ightsg''

withtheresultthattltecourtswilltendto''givesuchameaninytotheConstitutioninallcaseswhereit

canpossiblybedone,aswillenlargethesphereoftheirautlzorltpv...-f'heendresultofallthisw otzldbea

Suprem eCourtw1:1:pow ertorulethecountryinthem ostim portantm attersaccordingtoitsow n* 1-

tonotonlyexceed itsautltoritybuttousurp others'authority.''Thispower,''Yatessaid,''willenable''the

jusiicesoftheSupremeCourt''topit?u/#thegovernmentintoalmostflnpshapej/lcppleaseJ'...Watesfurthercontended thattheSuprem eCourtwouldnotonlybesuprem eoverallothercourts,butthatitw ould,in fact,

bethesupremepowerinthegovemmenttobecreatedbytheConstitution.n fssupremaq,Yatescontended,wouldfollowhnm theCourt'sppzt?erofsettlingforalotherpoliticalactorstheauthoritahvemeaningof

theConstitution.TheSupremeCotzrt,heobserved,''hasthepower,inthelastresort,todeterminea11questionsthatmay ariseirtthecourseoflegaldiscussion,onthem eaningand construction oftheConstitw

don.'').

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 15 of 19
W HERM s,''Ehllamanexperienceteachesthatthosewhoexpectpublicdissemination oftheirremarltsm ay welltem percandorwith aconcern forappearancesand for

theirown intereststothedetrimentofthededsionmakingprocess...laqPresidentand

thosewhoassistlaim m ustbefreetoexplorealternativesintheprocessofshapingpolicies

and m nking dedsionsand to do soin aw ay thatm any wouldbeunwillingto express

exceptprivatelp ''Nixon,418U .S.at705 & 708;and,

W HEREAS,''lilndesigningthestructureofourGovernmentanddividingandalocatingthesovereignpoweramongthreeco-equalbranches,theFram ersoftheConstitut'ion soughttoprovideacomprehensivesystem ,buttheseparatepowerswerenotintended

tooperatewithabsoluteindependencey''Nixon,433U.S.at447-3(quotingYoungstownSheet

& TubeCo.v.Sazoyer,343U.S.579(1952)/and,

W HEREAS,theAttom ey Generalm ightbeappropriateifCongress'interestswere

violatedM ).IAthePresidentialRecordsAct,butcf.Id.,2U.S.C.jj192& 271-288n,&Andersonv.Dunn,19U.S.204(1821)(onlywhenCongress'interestsareviolated,theSegreant-at-Armsdoestheenforcement;seegenerallyTitle2oftheUnitedStatesCode).

THEREFORE,theCourtshouldenterjudgement,underFed.R.Civ.P.12(b)(2)or

(b)(6),infavorofPlaintiff,whoisimmtmefrom prosecutionbytheDefendant-o .Gonzalez,and advisethatprosecutionism ostproperfrom theincumbentPresidenthim self

orhishonor'scounselor,i.e.CounselortothePresident(MT.SteveRicchetti,J.D.),butnot

theAtlom ey General(TheHon.M errickGarland,J.D.). Jiut..W hiteHouseGeneral

Counselor(M r.StuartF.Delery,J.D.). InreLindsq,158F.3d at1280-2(W hiteHouse

GeneralCounselunderthecomm andoftheincllmbentPresidentv.DOJ).Federalist78.

A11documentsshouldberetum edtoPlaintiff.

INTHEALTERNA'I'IVE,thecourtmaydismisstmderFed.R.Civ.P.12(b)(7).

16

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 16 of 19
IN TI'IEALTERNATIVE,sincetheDefendant'sactsaretm consdtudonaland calm ot

beratifiedtobecom econsdtutional,asDefendantomittedtheincumbentPresident-Head

ofStateand-l-leadofGovernm entagainsttheincumbentPresident'sownOrderforProtocol,the coul'tm ay dism issand rulein favorofPlaintifffortheDefendant'sunclean

hands.

IN THEALTERNATIVE,thecourtm ayissueanOrdertoShow CausetotheDefendantforlaw enforcementjurisdiction.

ATALLCOSTS,thisCourtshottldavoidcreatingaslipperyslopesothattheincllm -

bentPresidentwilbesubjecttoarrestby theincumbentAttom ey General,who,but,

servesatthehonor'spleasure,orcreatean tmconsdtutionalautonom y ofexecutivedepartments,whichw illnotbeaccotm tabletothePeople,-or,som efim es,totheirvarying

interests-theepitom eofexecudvetyranny.

''EAIprose(modon),howeverinarthllypleaded,mustbeheld tolessstringent

standardsthanformalpleadingsdraftedbylawyers.''Ericlçsonv.Pardus,551U.S.89,94

(2007).

1usemyConsdtudonalPrivileges,honors,andrightsoflm owingfrom mytmdergraduateand law school,jttrisdoctorcandidacp educadons,and politicalofficesand

from readinglaw outsideofform alschoolingforthewritingand discussions,argtunents,

andmodonsofthesefilings,seeDkt.21at5& 20andsupra,p.18(signalalrelinel.

lmevefe'rIeavetc.lfilelhisseœen:amenëe: Iblqt.&7

1m ovetoreinstatem y M odon .*Ctm tixitueW '.(qu?t're-papkitgFilin . 'ee atDkt.

22.

Respecthllly subm itted,

17

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 17 of 19
/s/R jK.Patel

T.E.,T.E.RajK.Patel(prosej

6850East21stStreet

lndianapoliszIN 46219

M arion Colm ty

317-450-6651(ce11)

ra' 2010@ m ail.com

www.rajpatel.live

J.D.Canclidate,NotreDameL.Sch.2015-2017

President/studentBodyPresident,StudentGov'tAss'nof

EmoryU.,lnc.2013-2014(corp.sovereignzol3-present)

StudentBodyPresident,BrownsbttrgCm ty.Sch.

Corp./president,BrownsbttrgHighSch.StudentGov't

2009-2010(corp.sovereign2009-present)

Rep.from theNotreDam eL.Sch.StudentB.Ass'ntothe

Ind.St.B.Ass'n 2017

DeputyRegionalDirector,Yotm gDem ocratsofAm .-l-ligh

Sch.Caucus2008-2009

Co-Fotm der& ViceChair,Ind.l-lighSch.Dem ocrats2009-

2010

VicePresidentofFin.tlndep.l,OxfordC.Republicansof

Em oryU .,Inc.2011-2012

18

Case 9:22-cv-81294-AMC Document 105 Entered on FLSD Docket 09/22/2022 Page 18 of 19
CERTIFICA TE O F SERV ICE

IcertifythatlservedacopyoftheforegoingRajK.Patel's(ProSe)SecondAmendedDkt.

87on09/19/2022tobelow individualsviathee-mail:

JamesM .Trusty

IFRAH,PLLC

1717PennsylvaniaA ve,N W ,Suite650

W ashingtonzD C 20006

202-852-5669

Email:jtrusty@ifrahlaw.com

Lindsey H alligan

511SE51 Avenue

FortLauderdale,Florida33301

720-435-2870

Em ail:lindseyhalligan@outlookcom

ChristopherM ichaelKise

ChrisKise& Assodates,P.A.

201EastParkAve.Ste,51 Roor

Tallahassee,FL32301

(850)270-0566

chris@cldse.net

M .Evan Corcoran

Silverman,Thompson,Slutkin,& W ltite,

LLC

400EastPratlStreet,Suite900

Baldm ore,M D 21230

410-385-2225

eCOrCOrM @Si1Verm anZ OmPSOn.COm

JuanAntonioGonzalez

UM TED STA TESATTO RN EY

99NE 41 Skeet,8+ Floor

M iam i,Fl33132

Telephone:(305)961-9001

Em o :jur .antoGo.gor alezA sdojogov

Jay1.Bratt,Chief

Countexintelligence& ExportControl

Secdon N at'lSecurityDiv.

950PennsylvaniaAvenue,N W

W asbington,D.C.20530

(202)233-0986

jay.brattze sdoj.gov

PresidentJoeBiden

c/oM arinaM .Kozmycz,AssodateGen.

Counsel

TheE.O.P.attheW ltiteH ouse

1600Pexm sylvaniaAvenueN W

W ashington,D.C.20500

Phone:202-457-1414

(REDACTED)

Dated:September19,2022

Re cfhllly s m itle ,

IsI atel

T.E., ..RajK.Patel(ProSej

6850East21stStreet

Indianapolis,IN 46219

M arion County

317-450-6651(cel1)

rajpzolo@gmail.com

www.rajpatel.live

19

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