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USAID/Malawi 

Operational Plan 

FY 2006 

June 2, 2006 
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Please Note: 

The attached RESULTS INFORMATION is from the FY 2006 Operational Plan and was assembled 

and analyzed by the country or USAID operating unit identified on the cover page. 

The Operational Plan is a "pre-decisional" USAID document and does not reflect results stemming 

from formal USAID review(s) of this document. 

Related document information can be obtained from: 

USAID Development Experience Clearinghouse 

8403 Colesville Road, Suite 210 

Silver Spring, MD 20910 

Telephone: (301) 562-0641 

Fax: (301) 588-7787 

Email: docorder@dec.cdie.org 

Internet: http://www.dec.org 

Portions released on or after July 1, 2006 
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Program Performance Summary FY 2005: Malawi, in many ways, represents the best and the worst of 

Africa’s challenges and opportunities. Widespread debilitating and fatal diseases, natural disasters, 

chronic malnutrition, and premature death are facts of life. However, there are also significant 

opportunities for a brighter future for Malawi and its people. The democratically elected government has 

taken tentative steps to curb government over-spending, borrowing and corruption, address the HIV/AIDS 

pandemic, and improve the quality of life of its people. The private sector, civil society, and the media are 

active, and although facing constraints, are contributing substantively to a more productive, diverse, and 

free economy and society. Importantly, Malawi enjoys the benefits of peace and stability. 

Malawi is one of the 10 poorest nations on earth, and its poverty is starkly represented in its demographic 

indicators - an average life expectancy of 37 years, a literacy rate of 63%, and 55% of the population 

living on $1 per day or less. Food insecurity is widespread and 25% of the population is chronically food 

insecure. Approximately 45% of children are stunted by malnutrition. HIV/AIDS prevalence rates are high 

(15%), resulting in over 500,000 orphans and 80,000 people dying annually from the disease or 

associated complications. High birth rates (6.0) are offset by high infant, child and maternal mortality 

rates (76/1000, 133/1000, and 1,800/100,000, respectively). An estimated 60% of the government’s 

health worker positions are vacant and there are only 96 government doctors to address the health needs 

of 12 million people. 

The USAID program supports Malawi’s efforts to foster a healthier, better-educated and more productive 

population and increase the effectiveness of Malawian institutions in promoting a vibrant private sector 

and democratic governance. Approximately 45% of the GOM budget is made up of donor funding, and 

while USAID does not provide direct budgetary support, targeted USAID interventions contribute to the 

delivery of basic services such as education, primary health care, and food assistance, support the 

development of productive agriculture methods and marketing, and encourage the healthy maturation of 

Malawian governance institutions. 

Challenges: Malawi's greatest challenge is to stimulate sufficient economic growth to provide the 

resources necessary to reduce poverty and food insecurity. The Government is profoundly dependent on 

donors to fund development projects and corruption drains scarce resources and discourages private 

investment. Malawi must also address low agricultural productivity and environmental degradation which 

are causally related to food insecurity. 

Key Achievements: 

Health, Population, Nutrition and HIV/AIDS: In FY 2005, USAID met or exceeded almost all of its targets. 

Under-five mortality rates declined from a high of 189 per thousand live births in 2000 to 133 per 

thousand live births in 2005 - compared to a 2005 target of 175 per thousand. Contraceptive prevalence 

increased from 26% in 2000 to 33% in 2005, exceeding the 2005 target of 31%. The percentage of 

children sleeping under an insecticide treated bednet (ITN) (26% in 2004) was more than three times the 

percentage (8%) in 2000. The percentage of households with at least one ITN more than tripled, from 

13% in 2000 to 42% in 2004. The number of USAID-assisted HIV/AIDS counseling and testing centers 

increased from 3 in 2000 to 51 in 2005 - far exceeding the target of 39 sites. The number of clients 

assisted annually at these sites increased from about 22,000 to more than 59,000 in the same period. In 

the area of HIV/AIDS impact mitigation, USAID provided services to 42,400 orphans and vulnerable 

children and home-based care to 22,000 chronically-ill individuals. Malawi completed a national 

Demographic and Health Survey in 2005 with support from USAID. When finalized, it will provide a firstever nationally representative HIV prevalence rate, which will better inform GOM HIV/AIDS policy and 

program decisions. 

Education: USAID’s support to the education sector in Malawi is producing demonstrable results, 

although not meeting all of its FY 2005 targets. Working in rural primary schools and teacher training 

colleges, the USAID program helped students and teachers improve their performance. The number of 

instructors with appropriate credentials in primary education working at teacher training colleges 

increased to 48, surpassing the target of 40. In four target districts 6,389 teachers (4,621 male and 1,768 

female) received in-service training in math, science, and English. As a result of USAID funding, 62.7% of 

school communities have implemented HIV/AIDS outreach activities such as sensitization on HIV/AIDS 
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awareness, orphan care centers, anti-AIDS youth clubs, and life skills. Results from the USAID primary 

education program showed the percentage of teachers using participatory methods of teaching in primary 

classrooms in impact districts rose by 27% between 2003 and 2005. Based on policy and curriculum 

support provided by USAID, the GOM instituted a two-year primary teacher training program consisting of 

twelve months in residence plus twelve months of school-based training before certification. A HIV/AIDS 

Life Skills training program for primary school students was also developed and implemented. 

Agriculture, Enterprise Development, and Natural Resource Management: Despite a devastating drought, 

USAID-supported agricultural activities met most key targets. The value of agricultural products marketed 

by farmers associations reached $2.7 million, continuing a three-year trend of annual increases. USAIDtargeted agricultural exports reached $18.6 million. The gross value of non-tobacco crops sold locally 

and internationally increased to $1.96 million. Over 4,960 private sector jobs (including 2,236 women) 

were created through growing, selling and processing cassava roots and cassava-related products, 

cotton, coffee, and food sauces. USAID supported 55 dairy associations with a total of 6,376 members 

(46% of whom are women) and milk sales increased by 71%, from $439,276 in 2004 to $752,000 in 2005. 

The number of savings accounts opened by the USAID-supported Opportunity International Bank Malawi 

(OIBM targets the poor and those who have never had a bank account) reached 34,212 (including 17,790 

accounts owned by women), worth US$5.4 million. OIBM also issued 15,792 loans (including 10,984 to 

women) worth nearly US$8.5 million, representing a significant increase in business capital available to 

micro-businesses and entrepreneurs. Community revenues from improved natural resource management 

and sales of associated products increased from $55,431 in 2004 to $200,587 in 2005. 

Democracy and Governance: USAID successfully encouraged and supported the Government of 

Malawi’s efforts to obtain MCA Threshold Country Plan funding. USAID Democracy and Governance 

funds are aligned with the MCA Threshold Plan and the activities of other USG agencies who are working 

to reduce corruption and improve GOM fiscal responsibility. USAID supported the training of two 

legislative draftspeople for the GOM to assure adequate manpower to work with Department of Justice on 

the drafting of important anti-corruption reform legislation. Economic Support Funds (ESF) supported the 

US Department of Treasury training for 25 Anti-Corruption Bureau (ACB) investigations staff that are 

investigating 1800 cases. USAID is also working with the private sector to develop and implement 

corporate anti-corruption systems. Building on effective USAID-supported advocacy and civic education 

work using radio, USAID provided support to an inter-faith conflict mitigation initiative that employs radio 

drama, call-in shows, and locally-based listener clubs promote messages of tolerance and understanding 

and open avenues of communication and dialogue. 

Gender: USAID undertook a gender assessment to better inform its strategic and programmatic approach 

to gender related issues. This assessment will be completed in FY 2006 and will provide 

recommendations for reducing gender-based inequalities in health, wealth, and education within USAID’s 

programs. 

Integrated Programming and Cross-Cutting Issues: With an HIV/AIDS prevalence rate of 15%, the impact 

of the epidemic is not restricted to the health sector and USAID/Malawi supports a number of 

multisectoral activities which address specific aspects of AIDS. For example, USAID has worked directly 

with the Ministry of Education to develop an HIV/AIDS policy and curriculum, which is currently rolling out 

in schools and teacher training colleges. Democracy and Governance projects focus specifically on 

populations likely to be marginalized, which include those negatively impacted by HIV/AIDS or persons 

living with HIV/AIDS. Food security issues incorporate attention to the nutritional needs of anti-retroviral 

users. 

Global Development Alliances (GDA) and Partnerships: USAID/Malawi leveraged $323,076 in FY 2005 

from Global Development Alliances. The Chia Lagoon Community-Based Natural Resource Management 

activity, implemented by Washington State University assists and trains local communities to protect and 

efficiently use forests, water resources and wildlife in the Chia Lagoon catchment area. 

Presidential Initiatives: USAID/Malawi received $11.2 million under the President’s Emergency Plan for 

AIDS Relief in FY 2005. PEPFAR resources complement the Government of Malawi’s HIV/AIDS 
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programs under the Global Fund as well as funding from other donors. Malawi was designated a pilot 

program under the Africa School Fees Initiative which is designed to improve the retention rates of 

primary school students, particularly orphans and girls. Funds for the Initiative were obligated in FY 2005 

and implementation is expected to begin early in FY 2006. USAID also received funds under the 

Ambassador’s Girls’ Scholarship Program in FY 2005, supporting 3000 vulnerable and destitute young 

girls in completion of their primary school education. We appreciate the FY 2005 Trade for African 

Development and Enterprise (TRADE) Initiative funding (US$400,000) and have used it to link Malawian 

agribusinesses, for example coffee, with world markets in processing agricultural commodities. 
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FY 2006 Program 

SO: 612-006 Sustainable Increases in Rural Incomes 

Increase Agricultural Sector Productivity 

Increase Agricultural Sector Productivity ($860,000 DA; $44,000 prior year DA). USAID is assisting the 

National Association of Smallholder Farmers of Malawi (NASFAM) in consolidating their activities and 

achieving sustainability through increased numbers of members and Association sales. USAID will assist 

members of dairy associations to consolidate their operations and establish linkages with other 

agriculture sector producers. Principal contractors and grantees: NASFAM and Land 'O Lakes (both 

prime). 

FY 2007 Program 

SO: 612-006 Sustainable Increases in Rural Incomes 

Achieve Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education 

No obligations will be made in FY 2007. 

FY 2006 Program 

SO: 612-008 Increased Use of Improved Health Behaviors and Services 

Support Family Planning 

Support Family Planning: ($1,000,000 CSH). USAID will provide technical assistance in reproductive 

health and family planning services at nine new facilities. USAID will collaborate with the MoH and the 

Christian Health Association of Malawi to certify that four additional hospitals and clinics (for a total of 

seven) have improved quality standards. Principal contractors and grantees; JHPIEGO and John Snow, 

Inc. (both prime). 

FY 2006 Program 

SO: 612-009 Improved Quality and Efficiency of Basic Education 

Achieve Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education 

Achieve Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education ($2,100,000 DA). USAID continues to fund the preservice training of primary school teachers through the Malawi Teacher Training Activity (MTTA) in all 

Malawian Primary Teacher Training Colleges and in-service training for teachers in the four target districts 

of Kasungu, Machinga, Mzimba South and Phalombe. The focus of pre-service training is on HIV/AIDS, 

life skills and social studies. The focus of in-service training is on improving the teaching of content 

knowledge in English, mathematics, and science. USAID is also continuing to fund the Education 

Management Information System (EMIS) to improve data quality in support of policy reform as well as 

capacity building in Malawi's five primary teacher training colleges. Principal contractors and grantees: 

The American Institutes for Research (AIR), the Academy for Educational Development (AED), World 

Learning, Inc. (WLI), the University of Massachusetts and Virginia Polytechnic and State University (all 

prime). 

FY 2007 Program 

SO: 612-009 Improved Quality and Efficiency of Basic Education 

Achieve Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education 

No obligation will be made in FY 2007. 

FY 2006 Program 

SO: 612-011 Increased Household Food Security of Poor and Vulnerable Populations 
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Improve Emergency Preparedness & Disaster Mitigation 

Improve Emergency Preparedness & Disaster Mitigation ($161,000 DA). The Famine Early Warning 

System Network (FEWSNET) continues to provide timely and unbiased information on food security, 

commodity prices, informal trade and vulnerability assessments to improve the Government of Malawi's 

(GOM), local government's, and donors’ emergency preparedness and ability to respond to complex 

emergencies. USAID supports the Malawi Vulnerability Assessment Committee (MVAC), as well as the 

GOM and partner nutritional surveillance activities as part of disaster mitigation. Principal contractors and 

grantees: Chemonics International, Inc. (prime) 

Increase Agricultural Sector Productivity 

Increase Agricultural Sector Productivity ($712,000 DA). USAID is providing technical assistance and 

market information through the National Association of Small Farmers of Malawi (NASFAM) to 110,000 

smallholder farmers to enable them to gain access to export markets for high-value products such as 

chilies, paprika, groundnuts, aromatic rice and milk. USAID continues to provide training and technology 

transfer to 7,000 dairy farmers and producers, thereby increasing the adoption of improved dairy 

management techniques and better genetic stock in the Malawian dairy industry. Emphasis continues to 

be on increasing milk yields and farmer incomes from milk sales. NASFAM is developing a computerized 

warehouse system for the Agricultural Commodity Exchange. USAID is also exploring a follow-on dairy 

activity to consolidate producer associations in the sector through FY 2006. Principal contractors and 

grantees: NASFAM and Land O' Lakes (both prime). 

Protect and Increase Food Security of Vulnerable Populations 

Protect and Increase Food Security of Vulnerable Populations ($300,000 DA). USAID continues to 

support the P.L. 480 Title II Development Assistance Program (DAP) by providing resources for 

agriculture and health programming. Food-for-Work activities are targeted at creating productive assets 

like community dams, irrigation canals, and feeder roads. HIV/AIDS resources provide food, care and 

livelihoods for orphans and those infected with HIV/AIDS. Principal contractors and grantees: Catholic 

Relief Services (CRS) and CARE (both prime). 

Activities notified under this strategic objective are part of a new strategy statement that is pending 

approval. Should funding levels or activities included in this data sheet change substantially once the 

strategy statement is approved, a new notification will be submitted prior to the obligation of any funds. 

FY 2007 Program 

SO: 612-011 Increased Household Food Security of Poor and Vulnerable Populations 

Improve Emergency Preparedness & Disaster Mitigation 

Improve Emergency Preparedness & Disaster Mitigation ($300,000 DA). USAID will continue to provide 

support to the FEWSNET activity as well as to the GOM, local governments, and donors to improve 

emergency preparedness and the ability to respond to future complex emergencies. USAID will support 

the MVAC as well as the GOM and partner nutritional surveillance activities as part of disaster mitigation. 

Principal contractors and grantees: Chemonics International, Inc. 

Increase Agricultural Sector Productivity 

Increase Agricultural Sector Productivity ($3,178,000 DA). USAID will continue to support increased crop 

diversification, especially of staple crops such as sorghum, cassava, millet, and rice, to minimize 

household food insecurity and improve the potential for income generation from non-maize crop sales. 
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Value-added agro-processing, such as canning and preserving of fruits and vegetables, will be 

encouraged to maximize income-generating opportunities for smallholder farmers. Farmers will be 

encouraged to utilize small-scale and drip irrigation programs, improved seeds and farming technologies, 

and more affordable agricultural inputs (such as fertilizer) to increase smallholder agricultural productivity. 

USAID will build partnerships between the International Agricultural Research Centers, GOM research 

facilities and private sector firms to improve technology transfer. Principal contractors and grantees: 

NASFAM 

Protect and Increase Food Security of Vulnerable Populations 

Protect and Increase Food Security of Vulnerable Populations ($1,096,000 DA). Safety net programs will 

be developed to address the chronically and marginally food insecure, including HIV/AIDS orphans and 

other vulnerable children. For households that have been affected by HIV/AIDS, malaria and other 

disabling illnesses, labor-saving technologies and food-for-work programs will help build assets and add 

vital infrastructure such as roads and small-scale irrigation systems. Principal contractors and grantees: 

CRS and CARE. 

FY 2006 Program 

SO: 612-012 Enhanced Wealth/Asset Creation and Retention Capacity for the Rural Poor 

Improve Sustainable Management Of Natural Resources & Biodiversity 

Improve Sustainable Management of Natural Resources and Biodiversity ($2,432,000 DA). USAID will 

provide training and technical assistance to 900 communities in enterprise development, marketing of 

natural products and stewardship of wildlife reserves, national parks, forests, and other ecosystems. More 

than 65,000 households will benefit from community-based natural resources management (CBNRM). In 

2006, household revenues from CBNRM activities will increase to $400,000 per year, from $200,587 in 

FY 2005. USAID will establish and strengthen local, participatory decision-making systems that assure 

that decision-making and allocation of resources is democratic and equitable. USAID, in cooperation with 

partners in two Global Development Alliances, will assist communities to practice sustainable agriculture, 

increase crop productivity and diversification, and improve management in two ecologically-sensitive 

areas. Principal contractors and grantees: Washington State University, Development Alternatives, Inc. 

and African Parks Foundation (all prime). 

Protect and Increase the Assets and Livelihoods of the Poor 

Protect and Increase the Assets and Livelihoods of the Poor ($549,000 DA). USAID will support activities 

that help the poor protect their productive assets, reduce risks to their livelihoods, and minimize harmful 

coping strategies. USAID will expand business development and extension services to entrepreneurial 

farmers and micro-enterprises, develop new insurance products (crop and life), provide grain and seed 

banks and encourage public works to protect and improve productive infrastructure. In FY 2006, 7,000 

entrepreneurial farmers and micro-enterprises will receive USAID-supported business development 

training or technical assistance; the number of recipients will rise to 12,000 in FY 2007. In FY 2006, 

1,000, and in FY 2007, 1,250 entrepreneurial farmers will benefit from insurance products (crop and life) 

from USAID-supported financial institutions. Principal contractors and grantees: Local organizations and 

others to be determined. 

Strengthen The Financial Services Sector & Increase Access to Capital 

Strengthen the Financial Services Sector and Increase Access to Capital ($600,000 DA). In FY 2006, 

USAID will expand financial/business development services to entrepreneurial farmers and microenterprises; develop new insurance products (crop and life); and establish more effective social safety 

nets. USAID will provide technical assistance to microfinance institutions (MFIs) so they can provide 
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approximately 20,000 loans worth about $9 million. USAID will build a more accessible financial system, 

providing demand-driven capacity building assistance to Malawi's four existing MFIs in the areas of 

governance, management and loan officer training, external ratings, financial analysis, and information 

systems. USAID will work with the Malawi Microfinance Network to develop and implement a five-year 

strategic plan, explore a pilot Development Credit Authority initiative with commercial banks and assist the 

Reserve Bank of Malawi to create a microfinance regulatory framework. Principal contractors and 

grantees: Opportunity International and Chemonics International, Inc. 

Activities notified under this strategic objective are part of a new strategy statement that is pending 

approval. Should funding levels or activities included in this data sheet change substantially once the 

strategy statement is approved, a new notification will be submitted prior to obligation of any funds. 

FY 2007 Program 

SO: 612-012 Enhanced Wealth/Asset Creation and Retention Capacity for the Rural Poor 

Improve Private Sector Competitiveness 

Improve Private Sector Competitiveness ($400,000 DA). USAID, in collaboration with the Southern Africa 

Global Competitiveness Hub and the Regional Agricultural Trade Expansion Support Program, will 

provide training and technical assistance to improve product quality standards, foster additional trade 

linkages among small farmer producer associations and between commodity-specific industry clusters 

and export markets, and improve the efficiency of the Government of Malawi's (GOM) Customs Service. 

Principal contractors and grantees: To be determined. 

Improve Sustainable Management Of Natural Resources & Biodiversity 

Improve Sustainable Management of Natural Resources and Biodiversity ($2,973,000 DA). USAID will 

continue to address threats to biodiversity and constraints to sustainable natural resource-based 

enterprises. Communities benefiting from CBNRM initiatives will continue to receive support for local 

resource allocation decision-making processes and structures. USAID will continue to build alliances to 

promote sustainable natural resource utilization and access to alternative energy. Principal contractors 

and grantees: Washington State University, Development Alternatives, Inc., and African Parks 

Foundation (all prime). 

Protect and Increase the Assets and Livelihoods of the Poor 

Protect and Increase the Assets and Livelihoods of the Poor ($369,000 DA). USAID will continue to 

support activities that expand business development services to entrepreneurial farmers and microenterprises as well as develop new insurance products (crop and life) and more effective social safety 

nets. Principal contractors and grantees: To be determined. 

Strengthen The Financial Services Sector & Increase Access to Capital 

Strengthen the Financial Services Sector and Increase Access to Capital ($400,000 DA). USAID will 

continue to support the growth of micro-, small and medium enterprises by improving their access to 

demand-driven financial services, building sustainable financial institutions, encouraging the 

establishment of strategic alliances in the capital markets, and assisting the GOM in creating an 

appropriate legal and regulatory environment. Principal contractors and grantees: Opportunity 

International and Chemonics International, Inc. (both prime) 

FY 2006 Program 

SO: 612-013 Improved Health and Education Status of Malawians 
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Achieve Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education 

Achieve Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education ($2,638,000 DA). Girls, orphans, and other 

vulnerable children will receive assistance to attend school, and their communities mobilized to support 

and encourage them. Teacher training will build skills that contribute to a higher quality education. The 

USAID-supported Education Management Information System (EMIS) will improve data quality in support 

of policy reform. An interactive radio program targeting youth will address issues pertinent to education 

and public health. Principal contractors and grantees: American Institutes for Research (AIR), Academy 

for Educational Development (AED), World Learning Institute (WLI), University of Massachusetts, Virginia 

Polytechnic and State University (all prime). 

Improve Child Survival, Health & Nutrition 

Improve Child Survival, Health & Nutrition ($2,175,000 CSH). USAID will reduce mother-to-child 

HIV/AIDS transmission, improve pediatric treatment for HIV-infected children, support the implementation 

of the Ministry of Health's (MOH) strategy for Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI), 

promote improved birth spacing, improve knowledge and practices related to protecting children’s health, 

and improve immunization acceptance and coverage. Vitamin A and de-worming programs will be 

initiated under the School Feeding activity. Principal contractors and grantees: Management Sciences for 

Health (MSH), John Snow, Inc., and Population Services International (PSI) (all prime). 

Prevent & Control Infectious Diseases Of Major Importance 

Prevent and Control Infectious Diseases of Major Importance ($3,429,000 CSH). USAID will support the 

MOH’s National Malaria Control Program with strategies to prevent malaria, distribution of ITNs, 

preventive treatment for pregnant women, education and behavior change communication, and research 

and policy development. Material support, technical assistance and training will be provided for the 

Tuberculosis Coalition Group to improve referral systems for TB patients. Principal contractors and 

grantees: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and PSI (both prime). 

Reduce Transmission & Impact Of HIV/AIDS 

Reduce Transmission and Impact of HIV/AIDS ($11,369,000 CSH). USAID’s prevention and mitigation 

activities targeting at-risk groups and geographic hot spots include a comprehensive package of 

prevention, care and treatment services for orphans and vulnerable children (OVCs), home-based care 

initiatives, better access to and improved quality of services, and capacity building. USAID will assist the 

National AIDS Commission (NAC) and the MOH in improving management, service delivery, policy 

development, and monitoring and evaluation. An HIV/AIDS mitigation Life Skills Curriculum will be 

continued and expanded in the school system. Principal contractors and grantees: Johns Hopkins 

University’s (JHU) Center for Communication Programs, PSI, Save the Children/US, Family Health 

International (FHI) and JHPIEGO (all prime). 

Support Family Planning 

Support Family Planning ($4,152,000 CSH). USAID will assist the MOH to improve its logistics 

management system to ensure contraceptive availability, and the MOH and Christian Health Association 

of Malawi (CHAM) to improve the quality of care in major health facilities by providing training in infection 

prevention and hygiene. Population activities will focus on family planning so families can align desired 

family size with their resources. Principal contractors and grantees: JHPIEGO and John Snow, Inc. (both 

prime) 

Activities notified under this strategic objective are part of a new strategy statement that is pending 
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approval. Should funding levels or activities included in this data sheet change substantially once the 

strategy statement is approved, a new notification will be submitted prior to the obligation of any funds. 

FY 2007 Program 

SO: 612-013 Improved Health and Education Status of Malawians 

Achieve Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education 

Achieve Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education: 

Improve Child Survival, Health & Nutrition 

Improve Child Survival, Health & Nutrition ($2,200,000 CSH). USAID will continue to work to reduce 

mother-to-child HIV/AIDS transmission and to improve pediatric treatment for HIV and care for OVCs. 

Support to the MOH to implement its IMCI strategy, to improve knowledge and practices that protect and 

improve children’s health, and improve immunization acceptance and coverage will also continue. 

Principal contractors and grantees: MSH and PSI (both prime). 

Prevent & Control Infectious Diseases Of Major Importance 

Prevent and Control Infectious Diseases of Major Importance ($3,900,000 CSH). USAID will support the 

National Malaria Control Program and the TB Coalition Group through commodity support, technical 

assistance, training and improved referral systems. Principal contractors and grantees: CDC and PSI 

(both prime). 

Reduce Transmission & Impact Of HIV/AIDS 

Reduce Transmission & Impact of HIV/AIDS ($11,385,000 CSH). USAID will support activities that target 

at-risk groups and geographic hot spots, strengthen non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to provide 

HIV/AIDS-related services, and provide technical assistance to the NAC and the MOH. Integration of 

HIV/AIDS mitigation activities in the curriculum and education system will continue. Principal contractors 

and grantees: JHU’s Center for Communication Programs, PSI, Save the Children, and FHI (all prime). 

Support Family Planning 

Support Family Planning ($3,575,000 CSH). USAID will continue to assist the MOH to improve its 

logistics management, and the MOH and the CHAM to improve the quality of care. Family planning 

activities will likewise be continued. Principal contractors and grantees: JHPIEGO and John Snow, Inc. 

(both prime). 

All family planning assistance agreements will incorporate clauses that implement the President's 

directive restoring the Mexico City Policy. 
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Results Framework 

612-006 Sustainable Increases in Rural Incomes 

Program Title: Rural Income Growth 

 6.1: Agricultural productivity increased. 

 6.2: Employment in agriculturally linked enterprises increased. 

 6.3: Increased household revenue from community based natural resource management activities. 

 6.4: Reduced vulnerability of rural households to food-price shocks. 

612-007 Increased Civic Involvement in the Rule of Law 

Program Title: Increased Constitutionalism and Advocacy 

 7.1: Increased Access to Justice 

 7.2: Increased advocacy in support of the rule of law 

 7.3: Selected accountability institutions more responsive with citizen participation 

 7.4: National elections free and fair. 

612-008 Increased Use of Improved Health Behaviors and Services 

Program Title: AIDS and Family Health 

 8.1: Behavior change enabled 

 8.2: Quality of Health Services Improved 

 8.3: Access to services Increased 

 8.4: Health Sector Capacity Strengthened 

Discussion: FY 2004 actual data for all indicators are estimates based on preliminary 2004 

Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data. These numbers will be adjusted when final, actual DHS 

values are known. FY 2005 actual figures will need to be extrapolated from proxy and preliminary data, 

as the next DHS will only be carried out in 2009. 

612-009 Improved Quality and Efficiency of Basic Education 

Program Title: Improved Basic Education Quality and Efficiency 

 9.1: Teachers' professional skills improved. 

 9.2: More effective schools. 

 9.3: Key policy reforms implemented. 

 9.4: Impact of HIV/AIDS mitigated in education 

612-011 Increased Household Food Security of Poor and Vulnerable Populations 

Program Title: Increased Poor Rural Household Food Security 

 IR 11-1: Food Security of Vulnerable Populations Protected and Increased 

 IR 11-2: Agriculture Sector Productivity Increased 

 IR 11-3: Emergency and Disaster Preparedness Increased 

Discussion: OVC = Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children 

Food Staples = Maize, Cassava, Sorghum, and Sweet Potatoes 

612-012 Enhanced Wealth/Asset Creation and Retention Capacity for the Rural Poor 

Program Title: Wealth/Asset Creation/Retention for the Rural Poor 

 IR 12-1: Livelihoods and Assets of the Poor Protected and Increased 

 IR 12-2: Sustainable Management of Natural Resources and Biodiversity Improved 
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612-013 Improved Health and Education Status of Malawians 

Program Title: Improved Malawian Health and Education Status 

 IR 13-1: Impact and Transmission of HIV/AIDS Reduced 

 IR 13-2: Infectious Diseases of Major Importance Prevented or Controlled 

 IR 13-3: Family Planning Supported 

 IR 13-5: Increased Access to Quality Basic Education Achieved 

Discussion: VCT = Voluntary Counseling and Testing 

ITN = Insecticide-Treated Bednets 

Standard 6 = Grade 6 in U.S. Education System 

Pre-service teachers = new teachers 

OVCs = (HIV/AIDS) orphans and other vulnerable children