FI LED U. S . COURT OF AP PE ALS E L E V E N T H C IR C U IT M ar c h 24, 2008 T HOM AS K. KAHN CL E RK [ DO NO T P UB L I S H] I N THE UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS F O R T H E E L E V E N T H C IR C U IT

________________________ N o. 07- 12033 N on -A rgum entC al endar

________________________ D . C . D o c k e tN o . 0 6 - 2 0 7 6 5 - C R - D MM U N I T E D S T A T E S O F A M E R I C A , P la in tif f - A p p e lle e , v ersu s A R T H U R F A R R I N G T O N , I I I , D e f e n d a n t- A p p e lla n t.

________________________ A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f orthe S outhe rn D i s tr i c tof F l or i da

_________________________ ( M ar c h 24, 2008) B efo re A N D E R S O N , B IR C H an d H U L L , C i rcu i tJu d g es. P E R C U R I A M: A r thurF a rr i ngt on, I I I appe a l s hi s c onvi c t i ons and 360- m onth s e nt e nc e f or2

pos s e s s i on of

af i r e a rm by ac onvi c t e d f

e l on, drug- r e l a t e d of

f e ns e s , a nd pos s e s s i on of af i r e a rm dur i ng adrug tr a f f i c ki ng c r i m e . F a rr i ngt on a r gue s tha thi s c onvi c t i ons m us tbe va c a t e d be c aus e the di s tr i c tc our te rr one ous l y e nt e r e d aj udgm e nt in c o n s is te n t w ith th e in d ic tm e n t. C o u n ts T w o th r o u g h F o u rc h a r g e d h im w ith tr a f f i c ki ng a“ de t e c t abl e a m ount ” of c oc a i ne ba s e , w he r e a s the j udgm e ntof c onvi c t i on puni s he d F a rr i ngt on f ortr a f f i c ki ng i n “ f

i ve gr a m s orm or e ” of

c oc a i ne b a s e . A d d itio n a lly , C o u n t F iv e c h a r g e d F a rr in g to n w ith tr a f f ic k in g ad e te c tab le a m ountof

m a r i j ua na ; how e ve r , the di s tr i c tc our te nt e r e d j udgm e ntf or“ tr a f f i c ki ng i n fi ve gram s or m ore of c ocai ne base . ” F arri ng t on al so ar gu es thatthe di stri ct c our tm i s unde r s t ood the appl i c abl e s t a tut ory m a xi m um s f orC ount s T w o a nd T hree , and thi s m i sapp re hensi on caused the di stri ctcourtt o i m po se an u n r e a s o n ab le a n d e x c e s s iv e s e n te n c e . W e a d d r e s s e a c h o f F a rr in g to n ’s a r g u m e n ts i n turn. B e c aus e the di s tr i c tc ourte rr one ous l y e nt e r e d aj udgm e nti nc ons i s t e nt w i th the i ndi c tm e nt , w e V A C A T E a nd R E M A N D I N P A R T . H ow e ve r , s i nc e the d istrict co u rt d idn o t p lain ly er r in se n ten cin g F ar rin g to n , w e A F F IR M F ar rin g to n ’s sen t en ces. I . B AC KG RO UN D T hr e e M i a m i - D a de , F l or i dapol i c e of f i c e r s obs e rve d F a rr i ngt on s i tt i ng i n a pa rke d c a rw i th a n e xpi r e d l i c e ns e pl a t e . O ne of the pol i c e of

f i c e r s knoc ke d on the3

dri ver’ s s i de w i nd ow of the car, and as F arri ng t on exi t ed the ca r, another off i ce r s a w af i r e a rm on the f

l oorboa r d of

the c a r . F a rr i ngt on w a s ha ndc uf f e d a nd the of f i c e r s s e a r c he d hi m a nd the c a r . T he pol i c e r e c ove r e d s e ve r a l ba gs c ont a i ni ng m ar i j uana, po w der c ocai ne, and crac k cocai ne. A fe dera l grand j ury i nd i ct ed F a rr i ngt on f

or( 1) pos s e s s i ng af

i r e a rm a s ac onvi c t e d f

e l on i n vi ol a t i on of

18 U . S . C . §§ 92 2(g)(1) and 92 4(e) , (2) c on spi ra cyt o p osse ss w i th i nt entt o d i stri bu t e a c ontr ol l e d s ubs t a nc e i n vi ol a t i on of 21 U . S . C . §§ 841( a ) ( 1) a nd 846, i nvol vi ng de t e c t abl e a m ount s of

c oc a i ne ba s e , c oc a i ne , a nd m a r i j ua nai n vi ol a t i on of § 8 41 (b)( 1)(C ) and § 8 41 (b)( 1)(D ), (3) posse ss i on w i th i nt entt o d i stri bu t e a det ec t abl e a m ou ntof cocai ne base i n v i ol at i on of § 8 41 (a )( 1) and § 84 1(b)(1)(C), ( 4) pos s e s s i on w i th i nt e ntt o di s tr i but e ade t e c t abl e a m ountof c oc a i ne i n vi ol a t i on of § 8 41 (a )( 1) and § 84 1(b)(1)(C), (5) posse ss i on w i th i nt entt o d i stri bu t e a de t e c t abl e a m ountof

m a r i j uanai n vi ol a t i on of

§ 841( a ) ( 1) a nd § 841( b) ( 1) ( D ) , a nd ( 6) pos s e s s i on of

af i r e a rm i n f

urthe r a nc e of

adrug tr a f

f i c ki ng c r i m e i n vi ol a t i on of 1 8 U .S .C . § 9 2 4 ( c ) ( 1 ) ( A ) . F arri ng t on pl ea ded n otgu i l ty, and the ca se proceeded t o tri al . T he part i es st i pu l at ed thatthe subst ance se i ze d b y the po l i ce t es t ed po si t i ve as “ 15 . 8 g ra m s of a m i xture . . . cont ai ni ng a det ec t abl e a m ou ntof cocai ne base , . . . 14 gram s of a m ix tu r e o f

as u b s ta n c e c o n ta in in g ad e te c tab le a m o u n t o f c o c a in e . . . [ a ]n d . . .4

ov er36 gram s of asubst ance cont ai ni ng a det ec t abl e a m ou ntof m ar i j uana. ” R 8 at 2 0 4 - 0 5 . T h e d is tr ic t c o u rt c h a r g e d th e ju ry o n th e s ix c o u n ts o f th e in d ic tm e n t. T he i ns truc t i ons on C ountT hr e e not e d tha tthe pa r t i e s s t i pul a t e d t o 15. 8 gr a m s of c oc a i ne ba s e . I d. a t381. T he ve r di c tf orm r e que s t e d s pe c i f

i c f i ndi ngs r e ga r di ng d ru g q u a n titie s w ith r e s p e c t to C o u n ts T w o a n d T h r e e . F a rr in g to n d id n o t o b je c t to the c our t ’ s a ddi t i on of

drug qua nt i ty t o the ve r di c tf orm . T he j ury f

ound F arri ng t on gu i l ty on al l coun t s. A s t o C ou nt s T w o and T hree , the j ury det erm i ned th a t th e o f

f e n s e s in v o lv e d f

iv e g r a m s o rm o r e o f

c o c a in e b a s e . I n F a rr i ngt on’ s pr e s e nt e nc e i nve s t i ga t i on r e por t( “ P S I ” ) , the pr oba t i on of f i c e rnot e d tha t , a s t o C ountO ne , the m a nda t ory m i ni m um w a s 15 y e a r s a nd the m a xi m um s e nt e nc e w a s l i f e i m pr i s onm e ntunde r§ 922( g) ( 1) a nd § 924( e ) . T he P S I in c o rr e c tly lis te d C o u n ts T w o a n d T h r e e a s c o n s p ir a c y to p o s s e s s w ith in te n t to di s tr i but e f

i ve gr a m s orm or e of

c oc a i ne a nd c oc a i ne ba s e , r e s pe c t i ve l y , i ns t e a d of pos s e s s i on w i th i nt e ntt o di s tr i but e a“ de t e c t abl e a m ount ” of c oc a i ne a nd c oc a i ne base , as char ged i n the i nd i ctm ent . R 1-6 at2-3. B as ed up on the drug qu ant i t i es f ound by the j ury , the P S I l i s t e d the t e rm s of i m pr i s onm e nta s t o C ount s T w o a nd T hree as 5 t o 4 0 years un der § 84 1(b)(1)(B). A s t o C ou ntF ou r, the m axi m um t erm of i m pr i s onm e ntw a s 20 y e a r s unde r§ 841( b) ( 1) ( C ) . A s t o C ountF i ve , the m a xi m um t e rm of

i m pr i s onm e ntw a s f

i ve y e a r s unde r§ 841( b) ( 1) ( D ) . T he5

m i ni m um t e rm of

i m pr i s onm e ntf

orC ountS i x w a s f

i ve y e a r s , c ons e c ut i ve t o the other t erm s, un der § 92 4(c) (1)( A )( i ). T he prob at i on offi ce r c al cul at ed a t ot al offe nse l evel of 34 and a cri m i nal hi s t ory c a t e gory of

V I , w hi c h y i e l de d aG ui de l i ne s s e nt e nc i ng r a nge of 262 t o 327 m on ths. T he P S I l i st ed F arri ng t on ’ s pri or adul tcr i m i nal conv i ct i on s, w hi ch in c lu d e ( 1 ) a rm e d r o b b e ry w ith af ir e a rm o rd e a d ly w e ap o n , a rm e d b u r g la ry w ith an as saul t , un l aw ful l y di sc hargi ng a f i re arm i n p ub l i c, and p osse ss i on of a f i re arm by am i nor ; ( 2) a rm e d r obbe ry , pos s e s s i on of af i r e a rm by ac onvi c t e d f

e l on, a nd c a rry i ng ac onc e a l e d f

i r e a rm ; a nd ( 3) c a rry i ng ac onc e a l e d f i r e a rm a nd pos s e s s i on of af i r e a rm by ac onvi c t e d f

e l on. B a s e d on hi s pr i orc onvi c t i ons , the pr oba t i on of f i c e rde t e rm i ne d F a rr i ngt on w a s a n a rm e d c a r e e rc r i m i na l a nd a dj us t e d the r a nge t o 360 m onths t o l i f

e i m pr i s onm e ntunde rU . S . S . G . §§ 4B 1. 1( c ) ( 2) ( B ) a nd 4B 1. 1(c) (3) ( 20 06 ). P ursuantt o U . S . S . G . § 5 G 1. 2(e) , the prob at i on offi ce r appor t i one d the s e nt e nc e t o the e xt e ntpos s i bl e , pr ovi di ng ar a nge f orC ountO ne of 3 0 0 m o n th s , ar a n g e o f

2 4 0 m o n th s f

o rC o u n ts T w o th r o u g h F o u r , c o n c u rr e n t to C ountO ne , ar a nge of

60 m onths f

orC ountF i ve , c onc urr e ntt o C ount s O ne thr ough F our , a nd ar a nge of 60 m onths f

orC ountS i x, c ons e c ut i ve t o C ount s O ne th r o u g h F iv e . F a rr in g to n m a d e n o o b je c tio n s to th e P S I . A tse nt enci ng , the go vernm entre qu es t ed thatthe di stri ctcourti m po se a6

se nt ence w i thi n the G ui del i nes r ange, w hi l e F arri ng t on re qu es t ed thatthe di stri ct c our ti m pos e as e nt e nc e of 240 m onths of

i m pr i s onm e nta nd he r a i s e d the i s s ue of s ubs t a nt i a l a s s i s t a nc e . F a rr i ngt on’ s c ouns e l a l s o r e c i t e d al e tt e rw r i tt e n on F a rr i ngt on’ s be ha l f

by F a rr i ngt on’ s m othe r . A f t e rc ons i de r i ng the s t a t e m e nt s of the pa r t i e s , the P S I , a nd the a dvi s ory G ui de l i ne s , the di s tr i c tc our ti m pos e d a s e nt e nc e of

360 m onths ba s e d upon F a rr i ngt on’ s c r i m i na l hi s t ory , the na tur e of the o f f e n s e s , a n d th e n e e d to p r o te c t th e p u b lic . T h e d is tr ic t c o u r t s ta te d th a t a s e n te n c e a t “th e lo w e n d ” o f th e G u id e lin e s ’ r a n g e w a s a n a d e q u a te p u n is h m e n t. R 10 a t9. T he di s tr i c tc ourtthe n appor t i one d the s e nt e nc e a s f ol l ow s : 300 m onths a s to C o u n ts O n e , T w o , a n d T h r e e ; 2 4 0 m o n th s a s to C o u n t F o u r ; 6 0 m o n th s a s to C o u n t F iv e , a ll o f

w h ic h s h a ll ru n c o n c u rr e n tly ; a n d 6 0 m o n th s a s to C o u n t S ix , to run c ons e c ut i ve t o the s e nt e nc e s a s t o C ount s O ne thr ough F i ve . F a rr i ngt on di d not o b je c t to th e d is tr ic t c o u rt’s s e n te n c e o rth e P S I c a lc u la tio n s , b u t h e r e n e w e d h is

“ pr e vi ous a r gum e nt s a nd . . . r e que s t s ” t o the c our t . I d. a t11. T he r e a f t e r , the di s tr i c tc ourte nt e r e d i t s j udgm e ntof c onvi c t i on, f

i ndi ng F a rr i ngt on gui l ty on C ou nt s O ne throu gh S i x o f the i nd i ctm ent . T he j ud gm entl i st ed C ou ntO ne as p o ssessi o n o f a fi rearm b y a co n v i ct ed fel o n , C o u n tT w o as co n sp i racy t o p o ssess w i th the i nt entt o d i stri bu t e f i ve gram s or m ore of c ocai ne base , C ou nt s T hree thr ough F i ve a s pos s e s s i on w i th the i nt e ntt o di s tr i but e f i ve gr a m s orm or e of7

c oc a i ne ba s e , a nd C ountS i x a s pos s e s s i on of af i r e a rm dur i ng adrug tr a f f i c ki ng cr i m e. T hi s appe a l f

ol l ow e d. I I . DI S CUS S I ON 1. T he D i stri ctC ou rt ’ s Jud gm entC on t ai ns C l er i ca l E rr ors W e m a y s u as p o n te c o rr e c t c le r ic a l e rr o r s in aju d g m e n t a n d r e m a n d w ith i ns truc t i ons tha tthe di s tr i c tc ourtc orr e c tthe e rr or s . S e e U ni t e d S t a t e s v. A nde rt on, 13 6 F . 3d 74 7, 75 1 (11 th C i r. 19 98 ) ( per c uri am ). “ Iti s afund am ent al error f or a courtt o ent era j ud gm entof conv i ct i on agai nsta def endantw ho has notbeen char ged, tri ed or foun d g ui l ty of the cr i m e r ec i t ed i n the j ud gm ent . ” U ni t ed S t at es v. D i a z , 190 F . 3d 1247, 1252 ( 11th C i r . 1999) . W he r e the e rr one ous e ntry of j ud gm enti s acl er i ca l error a nd the corr ec t i on of the j ud gm entw ou l d n otprej ud i ce the defendant , i ti s app ropri at e t o v ac at e the j ud gm entand rem and t o the di stri ct c o u r t f o ra n e n try o f

ju d g m e n t in a c c o r d a n c e w ith th e c h a r g e a n d th e ju ry v e r d ic t. I d. U pon r e vi e w of

the r e c or d a nd the pa r t i e s ’ br i e f s , w e c onc l ude tha tthe j udgm e ntof

c onvi c t i on i nc orr e c t l y s t a t e d C ount s T w o thr ough F i ve of the in d ic tm e n t. I n C o u n ts T w o a n d T h r e e , F a rr in g to n w a s in d ic te d f o rp o s s e s s io n w ith i nt e ntt o di s tr i but e “ ade t e c t abl e a m ount ” of c oc a i ne a nd c oc a i ne ba s e , notf i ve gram s or m ore of s uch sub st ance s. R 1-6 at2-3. In C ou ntF ou r, F arri ng t on w as8

i nd i ct ed for tra ff

i cki ng i n a det ec t abl e a m ou ntof cocai ne, no tcoca i ne base . R 1-6 a t 3 . F in a lly , in C o u n t F iv e , F a rr in g to n w a s in d ic te d f o rtr a f f ic k in g in ad e te c tab le a m o u n t o f

m a r iju a n a , n o t c o c a in e b a s e . W e r e m a n d to th e d is tr ic t c o u r t w ith d irec ti o n s to co rr ec t th e e rr o rs in C o u n ts T w o th ro u g h F iv e o f F ar rin g to n ’s j ud gm entand com m i tm entorder. 2. T he S ent ence s A pp ort i on ed A s T o C ou nt s T w o and T hree A re P roper F a rr i ngt on a r gue s tha tthe di s tr i c tc our ti m pr ope r l y appor t i one d 300 m onths of i m pr i s onm e nta s t o C ount s T w o a nd T hr e e ba s e d upon am i s unde r s t a ndi ng of the c r i m e s of

c onvi c t i on i n thos e tw o c ount s a nd tha tthe s e s e nt e nc e s e xc e e d the appl i cabl e s t atut ory m axi m um se nt ence s. F arri ng t on cont ends thatthe di stri ct c o u r t c o u ld n o t e x c e e d th e s ta tu to ry m a x im u m s e n te n c e s f o rth e c r im e s c h a r g e d in the i ndi c tm e nt . T hi s a r gum e nti s w i thoutm e r i t , a s F a rr i ngt on w a s c onvi c t e d a nd s e n te n c e d u n d e ra n a d v is o ry s e n te n c in g s c h e m e b a s e d u p o n d ru g q u a n tity d et erm i n at i o n s fo u n d b eyo n d a reaso n ab l e d o u b tb y th e j u ry. In C o u n t T w o , F ar rin g to n w as ch ar g ed w ith co n sp irac y to d istrib u te “a d e te c tab le a m o u n t” o f

c o c a in e b a s e , a n d in C o u n t T h r e e , h e w a s c h a r g e d w ith pos s e s s i on of

“ ade t e c t abl e a m ount ” of c oc a i ne ba s e . T he s t a tut ory m a xi m um s e nt e nc e s f

ore a c h of

the s e c r i m e s i s 20 y e a r s . S e e 21 U . S . C . § 841( b) ( 1) ( C ) . T he di s tr i c tc ourte nha nc e d F a rr i ngt on’ s s e nt e nc e s f orthe s e c r i m e s ba s e d upon the9

qua nt i ty of

drugs f ound by the j ury . U nde rU ni t e d S t a t e s v. C ott on, e ve n i f no drug q u an ti ty is alleg ed in th e in d ictm en t, a d istrict co u rt m ay en h an ce a d ef en d an t’ s s e nt e nc e i f

the e vi de nc e a s t o the r e l e va ntqua nt i ty of drugs i s pr ove n a ttr i a l by

“ ove rw he l m i ng a nd e s s e nt i a l l y unc ontr ove rt e d” e vi de nc e . 535 U . S . 625, 633, 122 S . C t. 1 7 8 1 , 1 7 8 6 ( 2 0 0 2 ) ( q u o ta tio n a n d c ita tio n o m itte d ) . T h e r e f o r e , th e q u a n tity of drugs pr ove n a tF a rr i ngt on’ s tr i a l pr ovi de d apr ope rba s i s f ore nha nc i ng F ar rin g to n ’s se n ten ce s a s to C o u n ts T w o an d T h re e. A lth o u g h th e d istrict co u rt’s j udgm e nta nd c om m i tm e ntor de re rr one ous l y r e c i t e d c e r t a i n of the of f e ns e s f or w h ic h F a rr in g to n w a s in d ic te d , th e d is tr ic t c o u r t c o rr e c tly c o n s id e r e d th e q u a n tity of drugs a s f

ound by the j ury w he n c ons i de r i ng the appr opr i a t e t e rm of i m p ri so n m en tfo r F arri n g t o n ’ s v i o l at i o n s o f § 8 4 1 (b )(1 )(C ). N o tw i th st an d i n g th o se e rr o r s in th e d is tr ic t c o u rt’s ju d g m e n t a n d c o m m itm e n t o r d e r , th e d is tr ic t c o u r t d id n o t c o m m it e rr o ru n d e rA p p r e n d i a n d its p r o g e n y b e c au s e F a rr in g to n ’s s e n te n c e is w i thi n the ra ng e autho ri ze d b y the fa ct s e st abl i shed by the j ury’ s ver di ct . S ee U n ite d S ta te s v . B o o k e r , 5 4 3 U .S . 2 2 0 , 2 4 3 - 4 4 , 1 2 5 S . C t. 7 3 8 , 7 5 5 - 5 6 ( 2 0 0 5 ) , A pp re nd i v. N ew Je rs ey , 53 0 U . S . 46 6, 49 0, 12 0 S . C t . 23 48 , 23 62 -63 (20 02 ). In f a c t , the drug qua nt i ty f

ound by the j ury s uppor t e d as e nt e nc e of up t o 40 y e a r s of im p r is o n m e n t. S e e 2 1 U .S .C . § 8 4 1 ( b ) ( 1 ) ( B ) . B a s e d u p o n th e ju ry ’s v e r d ic ts a s to the drug qua nt i t i e s F a rr i ngt on pos s e s s e d a nd c ons pi r e d t o di s tr i but e , w e c onc l ude10

th a tth e d i s tr i c tc o u rtp r o p e r l y e n h a n c e d F a rr i n g t o n ’ s s e n t e n c e s a s t o C o u n t s T wo a n d T h r e e . 3 . F a rr in g to n ’s S e n te n c e I s R e a s o n ab le F i na l l y , F a rr i ngt on a r gue s tha tthe i nc orr e c tl i s t i ng of hi s c r i m e s of c onvi c t i on, a nd s ubs e que ntappor t i onm e ntof hi s s e nt e nc e r e s ul t e d i n a n e xc e s s i ve a nd unr e a s onabl e s e nt e nc e . A s e nt e nc e c a n be r e vi e w e d f orpr oc e dur a l or s u b s ta n tiv e r e a s o n ab le n e s s . U n ite d S ta te s v . H u n t, 4 5 9 F .3 d 1 1 8 0 , 1 1 8 2 n .3 ( 1 1 th C i r . 2006) . E a c h w i l l be a ddr e s s e d i n turn. W e r e v i e w af

i n a l s e n t e n c e f

o rr e a s o n ab l e n e s s i n l i g h to f th e 1 8 U . S. C. § 3553( a ) s e nt e nc i ng f

a c t or s . U ni t e d S t a t e s v. W i ni nge a r , 422 F . 3d 1241, 1246 ( 11th C i r . 2005) ( pe rc ur i a m ) . R e c e nt l y , the S upr e m e C our tc l a r i f i e d tha tc our t s of appeal s, w hen revi ew i ng for r ea sonabl enes s, ar e t o app l y the defer ent i al abuse- ofdi s c r e t i on s t a nda r d. G a l l v. U ni t e d S t a t e s , ___ U . S . ___, 128 S . C t . 586, 591 ( 2007) . R e vi e w f

ors ubs t a nt i ve r e a s onabl e ne s s unde rthe abus e - of - di s c r e t i on st andard i nv ol ves i nq ui ri ng w hether the fa ct ors i n § 35 53 (a ) s up po rtthe se nt ence i n q uest i on . Id. at___, 12 8 S . C t . at59 6. W e “ m ustfi rs tensure thatthe di stri ct c our tc om m i tt e d no s i gni f i c a ntpr oc e dur a l e rr or , s uc h a s f a i l i ng t o c a l c ul a t e ( or i m p ro p erl y cal cu l at i n g ) th e G u i d el i n es ran g e, treat i n g th e G u i d el i n es as m an d at o ry, [ or ] f a i l i ng t o c ons i de rthe § 3553( a ) f a c t or s . ” I d. a t___, 128 S . C t . a t597. I f the11

di s tr i c tc ourtm a de no pr oc e dur a l e rr or s , w e m us t“ the n c ons i de rthe s ubs t a nt i ve re as on abl enes s of the se nt ence i m po se d u nd eran abuse- of-di sc re t i on st andard. ” I d. R e a s onabl e ne s s r e vi e w i s “ de f e r e nt i a l , ” a nd “ the pa r ty w ho c ha l l e nge s the s e nt e nc e be a r s the bur de n of e s t abl i s hi ng tha tthe s e nt e nc e i s unr e a s onabl e i n the l i g h to f b o th [th e] reco rd an d th e fact o rs i n [§ ] 3 5 5 3 (a). ” U n i t ed S t at es v . T al l ey, 4 3 1 F .3 d 7 8 4 , 7 8 8 ( 1 1 th C ir . 2 0 0 5 ) ( p e rc u r ia m ) . T h e d is tr ic t c o u r t n e e d n o t s ta te o n th e reco rd th ati th as ex p l i ci t l y co n si d ered each fact o r an d i tn eed n o td i scu ss e a c h f a c to r . I d . a t 7 8 6 . R a th e r , “a n a c k n o w le d g m e n t b yth e d is tr ic t c o u r t th a t it h a s c o n s id e r e d th e d e f

e n d a n t’s a r g u m e n ts a n d th e f a c to r s in [ § ] 3 5 5 3 ( a ) is s u f f ic ie n t u n d e rB o o k e r .” I d . T h e w e ig h t to b e a c c o r d e d to th e § 3 5 5 3 ( a ) f a c to r s is w i thi n the di s tr i c tc ourt ’ s di s c r e t i on. S e e U ni t e d S t a t e s v. W i l l i a m s , 456 F . 3d 1353, 1363 ( 11th C i r . 2006) , c e rt . di s m i s s e d, 127 S . C t . 3040 ( 2007) , ove rrul e d on othe rgr ounds by K i m br ough v. U ni t e d S t a t e s , ___ U . S . a t___, 128 S . C t . 558, 566 n. 4 ( 2007) . T he § 3553( a ) f a c t or s i nc l ude : ( 1) the na tur e a nd c i r c um s t a nc e s of the of f e ns e a nd the hi s t ory a nd c ha r a c t e r i s t i c s of the de f e nda nt ; ( 2) the ne e d f

orthe s e nt e nc e ( A ) t o r e f

l e c tthe s e r i ous ne s s of

the of f e ns e , t o pr om ot e r e s pe c tf orthe la w , a n d to p r o v id e ju s t p u n is h m e n t f o rth e o f f e n s e , ( B ) to a f

f o r d a d e q u a te de t e rr e nc e t o c r i m i na l c onduc t , ( C ) t o pr ot e c tthe publ i c f r om f ur the rc r i m e s by the12

defe nd ant , and (D ) t o p rovi de the defendantw i th n ee ded edu ca t i on al or vo ca t i on al tr a i ni ng orm e di c a l c a r e ; ( 3) the ki nds of s e nt e nc e s a va i l abl e ; ( 4) the S e nt e nc i ng G ui de l i ne s r a nge ; ( 5) pe rt i ne ntpol i c y s t a t e m e nt s of the S e nt e nc i ng C om m i s s i on; ( 6) the ne e d t o a voi d unw a nt e d s e nt e nc i ng di s pa r i t i e s ; a nd ( 7) the ne e d t o pr ovi de re st i tut i on t o v i ct i m s. S ee 18 U . S . C . § 3 55 3(a) (1)- (7). M oreover, w e have re j ec t ed the not i on tha tas e nt e nc e w i thi n the G ui de l i ne s i s pe rs e r e a s onabl e . T a l l e y , 431 F . 3d a t787. E ve n s o, “ the r e i s ar a nge of r e a s onabl e s e nt e nc e s f

r om w hi c h the di s tr i c tc ourtm a y c hoos e , a nd w he n the di s tr i c tc our ti m pos e s as e nt e nc e w i thi n the a d v is o ry G u id e lin e s r a n g e , w e o r d in a r ily w ill e x p e c t th a t c h o ic e to b e ar e a s o n ab le one . ” I d. a t788. U pon r e vi e w of

the r e c or d a nd the pa r t i e s ’ br i e f s , w e di s c e rn r e ve r s i bl e no error. B ef

ore prono un ci ng F arri ng t on ’ s s ent ence s, the di stri ctcourtac kn ow l edged tha tthe G ui de l i ne s ’ s e nt e nc i ng r a nge i s be tw e e n 360 m onths of i m pr i s onm e nta nd l i fe i m pri sonm ent , because of F arri ng t on ’ s w eapo ns offe nse. T he di stri ctcourt im m e d ia te ly th e r e a f

te rs ta te d th a t “th e lo w e n d o f [ th e ] [ G ]u id e lin e s a r e a d e q u a te .” R 10 a t9. B y tha ts t a t e m e nt , w e c onc l ude tha tthe di s tr i c tc our tf ound tha tat ot a l of 360 m onths of

i m pr i s onm e ntw a s a n a de qua t e s e nt e nc e , w hi c h i s the l ow e nd of the G ui de l i ne s ’ r a nge unde r§ 4B 1. 1( c ) ( 3) , a nd not , a s F a rr i ngt on a r gue s , tha tthe d is tr ic t c o u rt in te n d e d to im p o s e as e n te n c e a t th e lo w e n d o f th e G u id e lin e s a s to13

e a c h in d iv id u a l c o u n t o f th e in d ic tm e n t. B e c au s e th e d is tr ic t c o u r t p r o p e r ly co n sid er ed th e G u id elin es an d th e § 3 5 5 3 (a ) f ac to rs in ar riv in g at F ar rin g to n ’s s e n te n c e , F a rr in g to n c a n n o t e s tab lis h th a t h is s e n te n c e w a s p r o c e d u r a lly un re as on abl e. A dd i t i on al l y, because the aggregat e s ent ence of 36 0 m on ths w as at the l ow e nd of

the G ui de l i ne s r a nge , a nd w a s j us t i f i e d by F a rr i ngt on’ s pr i or c r im in a l h is to ry a n d th e n a tu r e o f th e o f f e n s e s , F a rr in g to n c a n n o t e s tab lis h th a t h is se nt ence w as subst ant i vel y unrea sonabl e. I I I . CONCL US I ON A r thurF a rr i ngt on, I I I appe a l s hi s c onvi c t i ons and 360- m onth s e nt e nc e f or pos s e s s i on of

af i r e a rm by ac onvi c t e d f

e l on, pos s e s s i on of

af i r e a rm dur i ng adrug tr a f f i c ki ng c r i m e , a nd r e l a t e d drug of f e ns e s . F a rr i ngt on a r gue s tha thi s c onvi c t i ons m us tbe va c a t e d be c aus e the di s tr i c tc our te rr one ous l y e nt e r e d aj udgm e nt i ncon si st entw i th the i nd i ctm ent . F arri ng t on al so ar gu es thatthe di stri ctcourt i m pos e d a n unr e a s onabl e a nd e xc e s s i ve s e nt e nc e be c aus e i tm i s unde r s t ood the s e n te n c e s a v a ilab le u n d e rth e c r im e s c h a r g e d C o u n ts O n e , T w o , a n d T h r e e . W e concl ud e thatthe di stri ctcourt ’ s j ud gm entand com m i tm entorder c on t ai ns cl er i ca l e rr or s w i th r e s pe c tt o c e rt a i n of the c ount s of

c onvi c t i on, a nd w e m odi f y a nd rem an d th i s case i n p artt o co rrectth o se erro rs. W e affi rm F arri n g t o n ’ s sen t en ces, b ec au se w e c o n clu d e th at th e d istrict co u rt’s se n ten ce s a re su p p o rted b y th e ju ry ’s14

f in d in g s a s to th e q u a n tity o f d ru g s F a rr in g to n p o s s e s s e d a n d c o n s p ir e d to d is tr ib u te , a n d b e c au s e th e y a r e r e a s o n ab le . A FFI R M ED I N PA R T, VA C A TED A N D R EM A N D ED I N PA R T.