GRoups | methods and tactics

2009

 COUNTERTERRORISM

CALENDAR

The National Counterterrorism Center

Profiles
Front Cover

Top: Ayman al-Zawahiri appears in a video message posted on the Internet on 22 August 2008.

Bottom: Police and onlookers gather as a cloud of smoke billows from the burning Marriott Hotel following 

a powerful bomb blast in Islamabad, Pakistan, on 20 September 2008. (AFP, Farooq NAEEM)

Back Cover

Top: Men exchange money for weapons over tea in a Baghdad home. (AP, Karim Kadim)

Bottom: Yemeni television shows burned cars outside the US Embassy following an attack in Sanaa on 

17 September 2008. (AFP, Yemeni Television)
GRoups | methods and tactics

2009

 COUNTERTERRORISM

CALENDAR

The National Counterterrorism Center

Profiles

Introduction

The National Counterterrorism Center is pleased to present the 2009 edition 

of the Counterterrorism (CT) Calendar. This edition, like others since the 

Calendar was first published in a daily planner format in 2003, contains useful 

information across a wide range of terrorism-related topics: terrorist groups, 

wanted terrorists, and technical pages on various threat-related issues. The 

Calendar marks dates according to the Gregorian and Islamic calendars, and 

contains significant dates in terrorism history, as well as dates that terrorists may 

believe are important when planning “commemoration-style” attacks. 

The CT Calendar is designed as a ready reference guide for law-enforcement, 

intelligence, military and security personnel, contingency planners, or simply 

citizens concerned by terrorist threats. The Calendar is oriented primarily 

to readers in the United States, but we hope it will also be useful for citizens 

of other countries. The CT Calendar uses information that was current as 

of September 2008. For updated information, readers are invited to visit the 

interactive version of the calendar at www.nctc.gov.

A Note on Spelling: While there is no universally accepted transliteration 

of Arabic names and terms, this edition of the Counterterrorism Calendar 

adheres to a transliteration system that is generally used throughout the US 

Government. In this system, the letters “u” and “a” are preferred over “o” 

and “e.” For example, the name of the al-Qa‘ida operative who was detained 

on 1 March 2003 is Khalid Shaykh Muhammad, not Sheikh Mohammed. 

We have retained, however, the name variants and spellings used on 

the Rewards for Justice and FBI Web pages; these are designed for easy 

recognition and therefore do not strictly conform to these rules.
Counterterrorism 2009 4 www.nctc.gov

dAl-Zawahiri and Bin Ladin

eBin Ladin’s “Pan-Islamic Caliphate”

Al-Qa‘ida

Established by Usama Bin Ladin in 1988 with Arabs who fought in 

Afghanistan against the Soviet Union, 

al-Qa‘ida’s goal is uniting Muslims to 

fight the West, especially the United 

States, as a means of defeating Israel, 

overthrowing regimes al-Qa‘ida deems 

“non-Islamic,” and expelling Westerners 

and non-Muslims from Muslim 

countries. Al Qa‘ida’s stated goal is the 

establishment of a pan-Islamic caliphate 

throughout the world. Al-Qa‘ida issued 

a statement in February 1998 under the 

banner of “the World Islamic Front for 

Jihad Against the Jews and Crusaders” 

saying it was the duty of all Muslims to 

kill US citizens—civilian and military—

and their allies everywhere. The group 

merged with the Egyptian Islamic Jihad 

(al-Jihad) in June 2001, renaming itself 

“Qa‘idat al-Jihad”—the Jihad Base. 

On 11 September 2001, 19 al-Qa‘ida 

suicide attackers hijacked and crashed 

four US commercial jets—two into the 

World Trade Center in New York City, 

one into the Pentagon near Washington, 

D.C., and a fourth into a field in 

Shanksville, Pennsylvania—

leaving nearly 3,000 

people dead or missing. 

Al-Qa‘ida also directed 

the 12 October 2000 

attack on the USS Cole 

in the port of Aden, Yemen, killing 

17 US sailors and injuring another 

39, and conducted the bombings in 

August 1998 of the US Embassies in 

Nairobi, Kenya, and Dar es Salaam, 

Tanzania, which killed 224 people 

and injured more than 5,000. Since 

2002, al-Qa‘ida, using its own operatives 

or surrogates and sympathetic groups, 

backed attacks in Tunisia, Indonesia, 

Kenya, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and other 

countries.

In 2004, Abu Mus‘ab al-Zarqawi’s 

group declared allegiance to al-Qa‘ida 

and outlined a plan to expand the unrest 

in Iraq. In 2005 Bin Ladin’s deputy, 

Ayman al-Zawahiri, publicly claimed 

al-Qa‘ida’s involvement in the 7 July 

2005 bombings in the United Kingdom. 

In 2006, British security services foiled 

an al-Qa‘ida plot to detonate explosives 

on up to 10 transatlantic flights 

originating from the London Heathrow 

airport. Also in 2006, al-Zawahiri 

announced that the Algerian Salafist 

Group for Preaching and Combat had 

joined al-Qa‘ida and changed its name 

to al-Qa‘ida in the Lands of the Islamic 

Maghreb. In 2007 and 2008, al-Qa‘ida’s 

physical safehaven in the AfghanistanPakistan border area provided the group 

the physical—and psychological—space 

to meet, train, expand its networks, 

and prepare new attacks. The death in 

January 2008 of Abu Layth al-Libi, 

al-Qa‘ida’s senior military commander 

and a key link between al-Qa‘ida and 

its affiliates in North Africa, was the 

most serious blow to the group’s top 

leadership since December 2005.
www.nctc.gov 5 Counterterrorism 2009

2008/2009 December/January

2001, Israel: HAMAS suicide car bomb wounds 54 in Netanya

1964, Israel: PLO founded Thursday

1

New Year’s Day 4 Muharram

2008, Algeria: Bomb attack on police station in Naciria kills four, wounds more than 20; 

al‐Qa‘ida in the Lands of the Islamic Maghreb claims responsibility Friday

2

5 Muharram

Saturday

3

6 Muharram

1972, Thailand: Black September takes hostages and seizes Israeli Embassy; hostages released 

in return for safe conduct Sunday

28

29 Dhu al-Hijjah

2000, Colombia: Peace advocate Diego Turbay and six others killed in FARC ambush Monday

29

1 Muharram, A.H. 1430

2000, Philippines: Series of bombs in Manila kills 16 and injures at least 30; ASG suspected Tuesday

30

2 Muharram

2000, West Bank: Right-wing extremist Binyamin Kahane and wife killed in ambush by Intifada 

Martyrs Wednesday

31

New Year’s Eve 3 Muharram
Counterterrorism 2009 6 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Usama Bin Ladin

Up to $27 Million Reward

wanted

Usama Bin Ladin is wanted in 

connection with the 11 September 

2001 attacks on the World Trade Center 

and the Pentagon and for the 7 August 

1998 bombings of the US Embassies 

in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and 

Nairobi, Kenya. The embassy bombings 

killed 224 civilians and wounded 

more than 5,000 others. Usama Bin 

Ladin and other terrorists—specifically 

Ayman al-Zawahiri, Fazul Abdullah 

Mohammed, Fahid Mohammed Ally 

Msalam, Sheikh Ahmed Salim Swedan, 

Abdullah Ahmed Abdullah, Saif 

al-Adel, Anas al-Liby, Ahmed Mohamed 

Hamed Ali, and others already in 

custody—are members of al-Qa‘ida, the 

international terrorist network headed by 

Bin Ladin.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Usama bin Muhammad bin Ladin, Shaykh Usama bin Ladin, the Prince, the Emir, 

Abu Abdallah, Mujahid Shaykh, Hajj, the Director; also known as UBL, OBL 

Date of Birth: 1957

Place of Birth: Saudi Arabia

Height: 6'4"-6'6" (193-198 cm)

Weight: 160 lbs (72 kg)

Hair: Brown

Eyes: Brown

Complexion: Olive

Nationality: Saudi Arabian (citizenship revoked)

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Full beard, mustache; 

walks with cane

Status: Fugitive

Reward

A combined reward of $27 million is 

offered for information leading directly 

to the apprehension and/or conviction 

of Usama Bin Ladin. If you have any 

information concerning this person, 

please contact your local FBI office 

if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If 

you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

cThis altered photograph shows what Usama Bin 

Ladin might look like if he were to wear Westernstyle clothing and trim his hair and beard.
www.nctc.gov 7 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 January

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

Sunday

4

7 Muharram

2003, Israel: Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade’s simultaneous suicide attacks kill 23, wound 107

1996, Gaza Strip: HAMAS bomb maker Yahya Ayyash (“The Engineer”) killed by booby-trapped 

cell phone

Monday

5

8 Muharram

1963, Colombia: National Liberation Army (ELN) founded Tuesday

6

Christian: Epiphany 9 Muharram

Wednesday

7

Christian: Christmas (Orthodox using Old Calendar)

Islamic: Ashura (primarily Shia; marks martyrdom of the Prophet’s grandson, Husayn) 10 Muharram

1998, US: Ramzi Ahmed Yousef sentenced to life plus 240 years for 1993 World Trade Center 

bombings Thursday

8

11 Muharram

2001, Colombia: Army rescues 56 hostages from ELN; group captures 15 more and kills one Friday

9

12 Muharram

Saturday

10

13 Muharram
Counterterrorism 2009 8 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Ayman al-Zawahiri

Up to $25 Million Reward

WANTED

Ayman al-Zawahiri is a physician 

and the founder of the Egyptian 

Islamic Jihad. This organization opposes 

the secular Egyptian Government and 

seeks its overthrow through violent 

means. Al-Zawahiri is believed to be 

serving as an advisor and doctor to 

Usama Bin Ladin. He has been indicted 

for his alleged role in the 7 August 1998 

bombings of the US Embassies in Dar es 

Salaam, Tanzania, and Nairobi, Kenya. 

These embassy bombings killed 224 

civilians and wounded over 5,000 others. 

He has been indicted on the following 

charges: Murder of US nationals outside 

the United States; conspiracy to murder 

US nationals outside the United States; 

and attack on a federal facility resulting 

in death.

ALIASES/NAME VARIANTS

Abu Muhammad, Abu Fatima, Muhammad Ibrahim, Abu Abdallah, Abu al-Mu’iz, 

The Doctor, The Teacher, Nur, Ustaz, Abu Mohammed, Abu Mohammed Nur 

al-Deen, Abdel Muaz, Dr. Ayman al Zawahiri, Aiman Muhammad Rabi al-Zawahiri 

Date of Birth: 19 June 1951

Place of Birth: Egypt

Hair: Brown/Black

Eyes: Dark

Nationality: Egyptian

REWARD

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $25 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Ayman al-Zawahiri. If 

you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.
www.nctc.gov 9 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 January

Sunday

11

14 Muharram

2007, Greece: Rocket-propelled grenade attack against US Embassy in Athens, no injuries 

reported; Revolutionary Struggle claims responsibility

2000, Turkey: Execution of PKK leader Abdullah Ocalan stayed

Monday

12

15 Muharram

Tuesday

13

16 Muharram

2004, Gaza Strip: First female HAMAS suicide bomber kills four, wounds 10 at Erez Crossing Wednesday

14

17 Muharram

2002, West Bank: Palestinian militia leader Ra‘id al-Karmi killed by bomb outside his home; 

Israel implicated Thursday

15

18 Muharram

Friday

16

19 Muharram

1996, US: Umar ‘Abd al-Rahman (The “Blind Shaykh”) sentenced to life in prison for his role in 

1993 World Trade Center bombing

1991, Iraq: Operation Desert Storm air offensive begins

Saturday

17

20 Muharram
Counterterrorism 2009 10 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

wanted

Atiyah is the al-Qa‘ida emissary in 

Iran as appointed by Usama Bin 

Ladin. He recruits and facilitates talks 

with other Islamic groups to operate 

under al-Qa‘ida. He is also a member 

of the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group 

and Ansar al-Sunna. Atiyah has been 

in regular contact with senior al-Qa‘ida 

leaders.

Atiyah joined Usama Bin Ladin in 

Afghanistan as a teenager in the 1980s. 

Since then, he has gained considerable 

stature in al-Qa‘ida as an explosives 

expert and Islamic scholar. Atiyah 

became acquainted with Abu Mus‘ab 

al-Zarqawi in the western city of Herat 

in the late 1990s. He retreated with 

Usama Bin Ladin to the mountainous 

Afghanistan-Pakistan border region in 

the fall of 2001.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $1 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Atiyah Abd al-Rahman. 

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

‘Atiyah ‘Abd al-Rahman 

Atiyah Abd al-Rahman

Up to $1 Million Reward

Date of Birth: Late 1960s

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Height: 5'5" (165 cm)

Build: Medium

Complexion: Light

Citizenship: Libya

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics:: Atiyah Abd al-Rahman 

may have a thin mustache.
www.nctc.gov 11 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 January

1982, Lebanon: Malcolm Kerr, American University president, assassinated in Beirut; Islamic 

Jihad claims responsibility Sunday

18

21 Muharram

Monday

19

US: Martin Luther King, Jr. Day 22 Muharram

1981, Iran: Remaining 52 US Embassy hostages seized in November 1979 released Tuesday

20

US: Inauguration Day 23 Muharram

2003, Kuwait: Gunman ambushes vehicle near Camp Doha, killing one US contractor and 

wounding another Wednesday

21

24 Muharram

1999, France: GIA ringleaders sentenced to eight years for terrorist acts; 84 others sentenced in 

mass trial Thursday

22

25 Muharram

2002, Pakistan: Extremists kidnap and later kill US journalist Daniel Pearl 

2001, Yemen: Hijacking of Yemeni flight with 91 passengers, including US Ambassador; hijacker 

captured and passengers safely released

Friday

23

26 Muharram

1987, Lebanon: Jesse Turner, Alan Steen, Robert Polhill, Mithileshwar Singh kidnapped in Beirut Saturday

24

27 Muharram
Counterterrorism 2009 12 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Ali Sayyid Muhamed 

Mustafa al-Bakri. If you have any 

information concerning this person, 

please contact your local FBI office 

if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If 

you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

wanted

Ali Sayyid Muhamed Mustafa al-Bakri is an al-Qa‘ida member 

and an explosives and chemical weapons 

expert. He is a member of the al-Qa‘ida 

Shura council and is a close associate 

of al-Qa‘ida leaders Saif al-Adel and 

Ayman al-Zawahiri.

Before joining al-Qa‘ida, al-Bakri 

was a member of the Egyptian Islamic 

Jihad terrorist group under the direction 

of Ayman al-Zawahiri. He served as 

an instructor in al-Qa‘ida’s camps in 

Afghanistan, providing terrorist recruits 

with training in the use of explosives 

and chemical weapons. Al-Bakri also 

unsuccessfully attempted to hijack 

a Pakistani Air passenger flight in 

December 2000. It is likely that he 

continues to train al-Qa‘ida terrorists and 

other extremists.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

‘Ali Sayyid Muhammad Mustafa al-Bakri, ‘Abd al-Aziz al-Masri, Hasan ‘Umar 

Ibrahim, Ali Saleem, Abu Salsbil, Abu Salsabil, Abu Salsabil Hassan Omar, Hassan 

Omar, Hasan ‘Umar Zizo

Date of Birth: 18 April 1966

Place of Birth: Bani Suwayf, Egypt

Eyes: Dark

Citizenship: Egypt

Ali Sayyid Muhamed Mustafa al-Bakri

Up to $5 Million Reward
www.nctc.gov 13 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 January

1993, US: Mir Amal Kansi kills two and wounds three outside CIA Headquarters in McLean, 

Virginia Sunday

25

28 Muharram

Monday

26

Chinese New Year 29 Muharram

2003, Afghanistan: Armed militants attack UN convoy, kill two security officer escorts 

2002, Israel: Fatah female suicide bomber kills one and wounds more than 150 in Jerusalem Tuesday

27

30 Muharram

Wednesday

28

1 Safar

2008, Pakistan: Abu Layth al-Libi, al-Qa‘ida senior military commander and spokesperson, killed 

2004, Israel: Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade bus bomb in Jerusalem kills 11, wounds 50 Thursday

29

2 Safar

Friday

30

3 Safar

2001, Netherlands: Scottish court finds Libyan Abd al-Baset al-Megrahi guilty in Pan Am 103 

bombing Saturday

31

4 Safar
Counterterrorism 2009 14 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

wanted

Adam Yahiye Gadahn was indicted 

in the Central District of California 

for treason and material support to 

al-Qa‘ida. The charges are related to 

Gadahn’s alleged involvement in a 

number of terrorist activities, including 

providing aid, comfort, and services to 

al-Qa‘ida.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $1 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Adam Gadahn. If you 

have any information concerning this 

person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Azzam al-Amriki, Azzam the American, Abu Suhayb al Amriki, Abu Suhail al 

Amriki, Abu Suhayb, Yihya Majadin Adams, Adam Pearlman, Yayah, 

Adam Yahuye Gadahn

Date of Birth: 1 September 1978

Place of Birth: United States

Citizenship: United States

Height: 5'11" (180 cm)

Weight: 210 lbs (95 kg)

Hair: Brown

Eyes: Brown/Hazel

Build: Medium

Languages: Arabic, English

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Gadahn has scars on his 

chest and right forearm.

Adam Yahiye Gadahn

Up to $1 Million Reward
www.nctc.gov 15 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 February

2004, Iraq: Ansar al-Sunna attacks Kurdistan Democratic Party and Patriotic Union of Kurdistan 

facilities, kills 117 and wounds 221 

2001, Ecuador: US hostage Ron Sanders found shot to death

Sunday

1

5 Safar

Monday

2

6 Safar

2000, Syria & Sudan: Countries sign agreement on fighting terrorism in compliance with Arab 

Antiterrorism Convention Tuesday

3

7 Safar

Wednesday

4

Sri Lanka: Independence Day 8 Safar

2001, Algeria & France: Countries sign accord to cooperate in fighting terrorism Thursday

5

9 Safar

2004, Russia: Unknown group detonates explosives in Moscow Metro, killing 40 and wounding 

122 

2000, United Kingdom: Ariana Afghan fight hijacked; 20 hostages released unharmed; hijackers 

surrender on 10 February

Friday

6

10 Safar

1991, United Kingdom: Attack on No. 10 Downing Street; mortar rounds fired at Prime Minister 

John Major’s residence injure three; PIRA responsible Saturday

7

11 Safar
Counterterrorism 2009 16 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

wanted

Abu Jihad al-Masri operates out of 

Iran and is in charge of al-Qa‘ida 

media and propaganda. He may also be 

al-Qa‘ida’s chief of external operations.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Mohammad Hasan Khalil al-Hakim, Muhammad Khalil al-Hakaymah

Abu Jihad al-Masri

Up to $1 Million Reward

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $1 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Abu Jihad al-Masri. If you 

have any information concerning this 

person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Eyes: Brown

Hair: Black

Citizenship: Egypt

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Abu Jihad al-Masri is 

balding and has thinning curly hair.
www.nctc.gov 17 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 February

Sunday

8

12 Safar

2000, Turkey: PKK announces formal halt to war; adopts new name, Kongra-Gel, and reelects 

Abdullah Ocalan as leader Monday

9

13 Safar

2004, Iraq: Unknown group bombs job applicants at police station, killing 55 and wounding 67 Tuesday

10

14 Safar

Wednesday

11

Iran: Revolution Day 15 Safar

2008, Syria: ‘Imad Mughniyah, believed responsible for 18 April 1983 bombing of US Embassy 

in Beirut, killed by car bomb in Damascus Thursday

12

US: Lincoln’s Birthday 16 Safar

2000, Colombia: FARC, ELN stage attacks, kill 12, kidnap 16 Friday

13

17 Safar

2005, Lebanon: Former Prime Minister Rafiq al-Hariri is assassinated by car bomb in Beirut; UN 

investigation in October finds Syria responsible Saturday

14

Valentine’s Day 18 Safar
Counterterrorism 2009 18 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Saif al-Adel

Up to $5 Million Reward

wanted

Saif al-Adel is believed to be affiliated 

with the Egyptian Islamic Jihad 

(EIJ), and to be a high-ranking member 

of the al-Qa‘ida organization. He has 

been indicted for his alleged role in the 

7 August 1998 bombings of the US 

Embassies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 

and Nairobi, Kenya, on the following 

charges: Conspiracy to kill US nationals, 

to murder, to destroy buildings and 

property of the United States, and to 

destroy national defense utilities of the 

United States.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Saif al-Adel. If you have 

any information concerning this person, 

please contact your local FBI office 

if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If 

you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Place of Birth: Egypt

Hair: Dark

Eyes: Dark

Sex: Male

Citizenship: Egyptian

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Muhamad Ibrahim Makkawi, Seif Al Adel, Ibrahim al-Madani, Sayf al-‘Adl 
www.nctc.gov 19 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 February

1999, Turkey: PKK leader Abdullah Ocalan arrested and returned to Turkey; arrest sparks 

Kurdish protests across Europe Sunday

15

19 Safar

1992, Lebanon: Hizballah General Secretary Abbas Musawi killed in helicopter ambush Monday

16

US: Presidents Day (Washington’s Birthday observed) 20 Safar

Tuesday

17

21 Safar

2002, Israel: Policeman killed by suicide bomber; al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade claims responsibility Wednesday

18

22 Safar

2001, United Kingdom: Terrorism Act 2000 enacted Thursday

19

23 Safar

2003, Saudi Arabia: Gunman ambushes car at stoplight, killing UK citizen; Yemen-born 

naturalized Saudi later arrested 

1998, Japan: Japanese Red Army member Tustomu Shiosaki sentenced to 30 years for attack on 

US Embassy in Indonesia

Friday

20

24 Safar

2004, Uganda: Lord’s Resistance Army attacks refugee camp in northern region, killing 239 and 

wounding 60 

1970, Israel: PFLP-GC bombing of Swissair jet kills 47

Saturday

21

25 Safar
Counterterrorism 2009 20 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

wanted

Abdul Rahman Yasin directly assisted 

terrorist mastermind Ramzi Ahmed 

Yousef in carrying out the February 

1993 World Trade Center bombing in 

New York City. Yousef and Yasin drove 

a van full of explosives into the basement 

of the World Trade Center, killing six 

people and wounding over a thousand. 

Yasin fled the United States immediately 

after the bombing to avoid arrest. 

After the bombing, law enforcement 

officials obtained evidence which led 

to the indictment and arrest of several 

suspected terrorists involved in the 

bombing, including Yasin.

Yasin has been indicted on the 

following charges: Damage by means of 

fire or an explosive; damage by means 

of fire or an explosive to US property; 

transport in interstate commerce of an 

explosive; destruction of motor vehicles 

or motor vehicle facilities; conspiracy to 

commit offense or defraud the United 

States; aiding and abetting; assault of 

a federal officer in the line of duty; 

and commission of a crime of violence 

through the use of a deadly weapon.

Yasin was born in the United States, 

moved to Iraq during the 1960s, and 

returned to the United States in the fall 

of 1992. He possesses a US passport.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Abdul Rahman Yasin. If 

you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Abdul Rahman Said Yasin, Aboud Yasin, Abdul Rahman S. Taha, Abdul Rahman 

S. Taher

Date of Birth: 10 April 1960

Place of Birth: Bloomington, Indiana

Height: Approximately 5'10" (178 cm)

Weight: Approximately 180 lbs (82 kg)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Complexion: Olive

Citizenship: United States

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Possible chemical burn 

on right thigh. Epileptic; takes medication for condition.

Abdul Rahman Yasin

Up to $5 Million Reward
www.nctc.gov 21 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 February

2006, Iraq: Destruction of al-Askari (Golden Dome) Mosque in Samarra‘ triggers retaliatory 

attacks that kill nearly 400 in subsequent week; al-Qa‘ida in Iraq claims responsibility for 

attack

2004, Israel: Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade bus bombing in Jerusalem kills eight, wounds 72 

1969, Syria: Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine founded

Sunday

22

26 Safar

2002, Colombia: Politician Ingrid Betancourt and three US military contractors—Marc 

Gonsalves, Thomas Howes, and Keith Stansell—kidnapped by FARC

1998, Worldwide: Usama Bin Ladin and al-Qa‘ida issue fatwa urging the murder of Americans 

wherever they are found (Western calendar date)

Monday

23

27 Safar

Tuesday

24

28 Safar

1996, Israel: HAMAS bombs buses in Jerusalem, killing 28 and wounding 80 

1994, Israel: Massacre of 39 Arab worshipers at Tomb of the Patriarchs 

1991, Iraq: Ground offensive launched in Operation Desert Storm

Wednesday

25

Christian: Ash Wednesday 29 Safar

1993, US: World Trade Center bombed, six killed and 1,000 injured Thursday

26

1 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2007, Afghanistan: Suicide attack on Bagram Air Base during visit by Vice President Cheney, 

killing 23 and injuring 20 

1980, Colombia: M-19 seizes Dominican Embassy, holds 20 ambassadors and 65 others 

hostage; last hostage released 21 April

Friday

27

2 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2005, Iraq: Two vehicle-bomb attacks kill more than 160 Iraqis; al-Zarqawi group claims 

responsibility 

1985, United Kingdom: PIRA kills nine police officers in mortar attack

Saturday

28

3 Rabi‘ al-Awwal
Counterterrorism 2009 22 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Mullah Omar

Up to $10 Million Reward

wanted

Mullah Omar’s Taliban regime in 

Afghanistan sheltered Usama Bin 

Ladin and his al-Qa‘ida network in the 

years before the 11 September attacks. 

Although Operation Enduring Freedom 

removed the Taliban regime from 

power, Mullah Omar remains at large 

and represents a continuing threat to 

America and its allies.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $10 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Mullah Omar. If you 

have any information concerning this 

person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Height: Tall

Hair: Black

Nationality: Afghan

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Mullah Omar has a 

shrapnel wound to his right eye and is bearded.
www.nctc.gov 23 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 March

2003, Pakistan: Khalid Shaykh Muhammad is arrested; planned 9/11 attacks in US

2001, United Kingdom: 21 groups banned under new terrorism law; LTTE office first to be closed Sunday

1

4 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1980, El Salvador: Right-wing terrorist group assassinates Archbishop Oscar Amulfo Romero Monday

2

5 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2007, Algeria: AQIM bombs convoy carrying Russian workers, killing seven and wounding five

2004, Pakistan: Unknown group bombs Shia Muslim parade in Quetta, killing 47 and wounding 

120 

2003, Philippines: MILF explodes bomb hidden in backpack in a crowded terminal, killing 21 

including one US citizen, and injuring 146 others 

2002, West Bank: Sniper kills seven Israeli soldiers and three others

Tuesday

3

6 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1999, Turkey: Suspected PKK suicide bomber kills three in Batman Wednesday

4

7 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2003, Israel: HAMAS suicide bomber explodes bomb aboard bus, killing 15, including one US 

citizen, and injuring 40 others 

2002, Jerusalem: Bomb explodes inside Arab schoolyard, injuring eight; Avengers of the Infants 

claims responsibility 

1998, Sri Lanka: Bus bomb kills 37 and wounds more than 250; LTTE blamed

Thursday

5

8 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2008, Israel: Eight students killed in attack on yeshiva in Jerusalem; HAMAS claims 

responsibility

2007, Iraq: Suicide bombers detonate themselves in a crowd of Shia pilgrims in Al Hillah, killing 

120 pilgrims and injuring 190 

1999, Venezuela: Bodies of three US peace activists found; FARC responsible

Friday

6

9 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1999, Bangladesh: Two bombs kill 10 and wound 75 at political meeting; Harakat-ul-Jihad 

backed by Bin Ladin suspected Saturday

7

10 Rabi‘ al-Awwal
Counterterrorism 2009 24 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

wanted

Adnan G. el Shukrijumah is wanted 

in connection with possible threats 

against the United States. On 26 March 

2003, the United States District Court for 

the Eastern District of Virginia issued a 

Material Witness Warrant for his arrest. 

El Shukrijumah may be involved with 

al-Qa‘ida terrorist activities and, if so, 

poses a serious threat to US citizens and 

interests worldwide.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, US 

Department of State, is offering up to $5 

million for information leading directly 

to the apprehension and/or conviction 

of Adnan G. el Shukrijumah. If you 

have any information concerning this 

person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Adnan G. el Shukri Jumah; Abu Arif; Ja’far al-Tayar; Jaffar al-Tayyar; Jafar Tayar; 

Jaafar al-Tayyar, Jaafar the Pilot 

Date of Birth: 4 August 1975

Place of Birth: Saudi Arabia

Height: 5'3"-5'7" (160-170 cm)

Build: Medium to Heavy

Hair: Black

Eyes: Black

Complexion: Olive

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: El Shukrijumah 

occasionally wears a beard. He carries a Guyanese passport, but 

may attempt to enter the United States with a Saudi, Canadian, 

or Trinidadian passport.

Adnan G. el Shukrijumah

Up to $5 Million Reward
www.nctc.gov 25 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 March

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

1995, Pakistan: Gunmen kill two US diplomats and wound one in Karachi Sunday

8

Worldwide: International Women’s Day 11 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2004, Turkey: Two suicide bombers in Istanbul kill two, wound six; Abu Hafs al-Masri Brigade 

claims responsibility 

2002, Israel: Suicide bomb kills 11 and injures 25 inside a crowded Jerusalem cafe; HAMAS 

claims responsibility

Monday

9

Islamic: Mawlid al-Nabi (Birthday of Muhammad) observed by Sunnis on this date 12 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2000, Sri Lanka: LTTE conducts suicide motorcade ambush; 29 killed, 70 wounded Tuesday

10

Jewish: Purim (Feast of Lots) 13 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2004, Spain: Abu Hafs al-Masri Brigade claims responsibility for four bombs on Madrid trains, 

killing 198, wounding 600 

1999, Colombia: FARC founders Miguel Pascua and Commandante Oscar killed during raid in 

Cali

Wednesday

11

14 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1999, Colombia: FARC leader Vladimir Gonzales Obregon killed by Army 

1993, India: Bomb attacks leave 250 dead, 700 wounded; Pakistan denies responsibility Thursday

12

15 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1999, Turkey: Bombing at shopping center kills three and wounds six; Revenge Falcons of Apo 

claims responsibility Friday

13

16 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

Saturday

14

Islamic: Mawlid al-Nabi (Birthday of Muhammad) observed by Shia on this date 17 Rabi‘ al-Awwal
Counterterrorism 2009 26 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Jaber A. Elbaneh

Up to $5 Million Reward

wanted

Jaber A. Elbaneh is wanted in 

connection with a federal criminal 

complaint unsealed on 21 May 2003 

in the Western District of New York, 

Buffalo, New York. He is charged with 

providing material support to a terrorist 

organization and conspiring to provide 

material support, specifically to al-Qa‘ida. 

Elbaneh was located in Yemen in 2008.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Jaber A. Elbaneh. If you 

have any information concerning this 

person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Date of Birth: 9 September 1966

Place of Birth: Yemen

Height: 5'8" (173 cm)

Hair: Brown

Eyes: Brown

Occupations: Salesman, Taxi Driver

Citizenship: United States, Yemen

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Jaber A. Elbanelt, Jaben A. Elbanelt, Jabor Elbaneh, Abu Jubaer, Jubaer Elbaneh, 

Jubair, Jabir al-Banna, Jabr Ahmad Saleh al-Bannaa 
www.nctc.gov 27 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 March

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

2001, Turkey: Russian plane hijacked; 45 of 174 hostages freed or escaped. Two hostages and 

one hijacker killed, remaining hostages released Sunday

15

18 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1988, Iraq: Iraqi forces attack Halabja residents with chemical weapons 

1985, Lebanon: US journalist Terry Anderson kidnapped 

1984, Lebanon: US official William Buckley seized, later killed by Hizballah

Monday

16

19 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1992, Argentina: Car bomb destroys Israeli Embassy, killing 28 and wounding 220; Lebanese 

Hizballah claims responsibility Tuesday

17

St. Patrick’s Day 20 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

Wednesday

18

21 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2007, Afghanistan: Suicide bomber attacks US Embassy convoy, wounding two officials and one 

Afghan child; Taliban claims responsibility

2001, Venezuela: ELN guerrilla Jose Ballestas arrested for Avianca hijacking

Thursday

19

22 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2002, Israel: Suicide bomb detonates on bus, killing seven and injuring 30; 

Islamic Jihad responsible 

1995, Japan: Sarin attack kills 12 and sickens 5,000; Aum Shinrikyo responsible

Friday

20

Tunisia: Independence Day 23 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2002, Israel: Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade suicide bomber detonates bomb in crowd of shoppers in 

Jerusalem; three killed, 86 injured Saturday

21

Iran/Afghanistan: Nowruz (Persian New Year) 24 Rabi‘ al-Awwal
Counterterrorism 2009 28 www.nctc.gov

www.fbi.gov

Amer El-Maati

FBI Seeking Information

wanted

Amer El-Maati is being sought in 

connection with possible terrorist 

threats against the United States.

REMARKS

Should be considered armed and 

dangerous. If you have any information 

concerning this person, please contact 

your local FBI office or the nearest 

American Embassy or Consulate.

Date of Birth: 25 May 1963

Place of Birth: Kuwait

Hair: Brown

Eyes: Brown

Height: 6 ́0" (183 cm)

Weight: 209 pounds (94 kg)

Complexion: Olive

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: El-Maati may be wearing 

a full beard and mustache. He requires corrective lenses and may 

be wearing eyeglasses.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Amro Badr Eldin Abou El-Maati, Amro Badr Abouelmaati 
www.nctc.gov 29 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 March

2001, Russia: Aleksandr Suslikov sentenced to six years for US Embassy bombing attempt 

in Moscow 

1945, Egypt: Arab League founded

Sunday

22

25 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1998, Algeria: Seven GIA extremists sentenced to death for assassinating Archbishop of Oran Monday

23

Pakistan: Pakistan Day 26 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2003, India: Armed militants dressed in military uniforms kill 24 Tuesday

24

27 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

Wednesday

25

28 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1978, Egypt & Israel: Countries ratify Camp David accords Thursday

26

Bangladesh: Independence Day 29 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2007, Iraq: Two truck bombs target Shia areas of Tal Afar, killing 152 and injuring 347 

2002, Israel: 29 people killed and 140 injured by suicide bomb detonated at hotel during 

Passover seder; HAMAS claims responsibility 

2001, Algeria: Abdelmajid Dahoumane arrested for role in plot to attack Los Angeles 

International Airport on 31 December 1999

Friday

27

30 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

Saturday

28

1 Rabi‘ al-Thani
Counterterrorism 2009 30 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Faker Ben Abdelaziz Boussora

Up to $5 Million Reward

wanted

Faker Boussora is a Tunisian national 

with extensive connections to 

radical Islamic extremism. He is an 

al-Qa‘ida-trained operative with declared 

intentions of becoming a suicide martyr. 

Boussora is an associate of Tunisian 

terror suspect Abderraouf Jdey, and the 

two may have traveled together in the 

past.

Boussora left his native Tunisia in 

1988 to reside in France. He departed 

France in 1991 and immigrated to 

Montreal, Canada, traveling back and 

forth from Canada to Tunisia frequently 

during the 1990’s. Boussora gained 

Canadian citizenship in 1999.

Boussora departed Canada in 1999 

and may have made more than one trip 

to Afghanistan during 1999-2000. He 

received training from al-Qa‘ida while in 

Afghanistan and subsequently returned 

to Canada. 

Authorities remain concerned that 

Boussora may attempt to return to 

Canada or the United States to plan 

or participate in a terrorist attack. He 

may suffer from a serious illness and 

be in extremely poor health, resulting 

in weight loss and altered physical 

appearance.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Faker Boussora. If you 

have any information concerning this 

person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Date of Birth: 22 March 1964

Place of Birth: Tunisia

Height: 5'7" (170 cm)

Weight: 165 lbs (75 kg)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Dark

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Boussora has protruding 

ears and is believed to have a serious pituitary gland illness

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Yusif al-Tunisi, Abu Yusif al-Tunisi, Abdulaziz, Fakeroun, Fakerrou, Fakir, Fakir Bin 

‘Abd al-‘Aziz Busura
www.nctc.gov 31 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 March/April

1998, West Bank: HAMAS master bomber Muhi al-Din Sharif is killed in Ramallah Sunday

29

2 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2002, Israel: Suicide bombing kills one and injures 30 in Tel Aviv; al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade 

claims responsibility Monday

30

Palestinian: Land Day (Yawm al-Ard; commemoration of death of six people killed during protest 

of Israeli seizure of land in 1976) 3 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2002, Israel: Suicide bomber strikes restaurant, killing 15 people and injuring more than 40; 

HAMAS claims responsibility Tuesday

31

4 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1970, El Salvador: Popular Forces of Liberation formed Wednesday

1

5 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2003, Philippines: JI explodes bomb on crowded passenger wharf, killing 16 and injuring 55 

2001, Gaza: PIJ official Muhammad ‘Abd al-Il‘al killed in Israeli rocket attack 

1986, Bomb explodes on TWA flight 840, killing four and wounding nine; Hawari group blamed

Thursday

2

6 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1982, France: Lebanese Armed Revolutionary Brigades assassinate Israeli Embassy political 

secretary Friday

3

7 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1986, Germany: La Belle disco bombed, killing three and wounding 200; Libya responsible Saturday

4

8 Rabi‘ al-Thani
Counterterrorism 2009 32 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Abderraouf Ben Habib Jdey

Up to $5 Million Reward

wanted

Abderraouf Jdey has an extensive 

history of extremist affiliations. 

He has been closely linked with 

al-Qa‘ida operatives and involved in 

plans for conducting hijacking/terrorist 

operations. Jdey is an associate of 

Tunisian terror suspect Faker Boussora, 

and the two may have traveled together 

in the past.

Jdey left his native Tunisia in 1991 

and immigrated to Montreal, Canada, 

becoming a Canadian citizen in 1995. 

He departed Canada in 1999 and 

received combat training and experience 

in Afghanistan through 2000. He 

engaged in fighting against the Afghan 

Northern Alliance and authored a 

suicide letter stating his intention to 

become a martyr for jihad. During this 

time, Jdey also appeared in a well-known 

martyrdom video that was later found in 

an al-Qa‘ida leader’s house in 2001.

Following a return to the Montreal 

area in 2001 in which he consorted 

with extremists on methods of joining 

the jihad, Jdey left Canada. Authorities 

remain concerned that Jdey may attempt 

to return to Canada or the United States 

to plan or participate in a terrorist attack.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Abderraouf Jdey. If you 

have any information concerning this 

person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Farouq Al-Tunisi, Abd Al-Rauf Bin Al-Habib Bin Yousef Al-Jiddi, Abderraouf Dey, 

A. Raouf Jdey, Abdal Ra’of Bin Muhammed Bin Yousef Al-Jadi, Abderraouf Ben 

Habib Jeday, Ibrahim, Mustapha, Papa, Marzouk, Farouq, Faruq al-Tunisi, Rub’I 

al-Urduni, A. Raouf Jdey, ‘Abd al-Ra’uf bin Habib al-Jadi

Date of Birth: 30 May 1965

Place of Birth: Grombalia, Tunisia

Height: 6'0" (183 cm)

Weight: 210 lbs (95 kg)

Hair: Brown

Eyes: Brown

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: 

Scar on forehead
www.nctc.gov 33 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 April

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

1988, Hizballah hijacks Kuwait Airways jet, killing two passengers; hijackers allowed to return to 

Algeria 16 days later Sunday

5

Christian: Palm Sunday 9 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2001, US: Algerian Ahmed Ressam convicted for role in plot to attack Los Angeles International 

Airport on 31 December 1999 Monday

6

10 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2002, Israel: Suicide bomber strikes restaurant, killing 15 people and injuring more than 40; 

HAMAS claims responsibility 

1998, Greece: Rocket attack damages US Citibank and other buildings; 17 November claims 

responsibility on 9 April 2001

Tuesday

7

11 Rabi‘ al-Thani

Wednesday

8

12 Rabi‘ al-Thani

Thursday

9

Jewish: Passover (1st Day)

Tunisia: Martyrs Day 13 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2002, Israel: HAMAS suicide bomber kills eight, wounds 22 in bus attack Friday

10

Christian: Good Friday

Jewish: Passover (2nd Day) 14 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1968, Syria: Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command founded Saturday

11

Jewish: Passover (3rd Day) 15 Rabi‘ al-Thani
Counterterrorism 2009 34 www.nctc.gov

www.fbi.gov

Saleh Ali Saleh Nabhan

FBI Seeking Information

wanted

Saleh Ali Saleh Nabhan is wanted 

for questioning in connection with 

the 2002 attacks in Mombasa, Kenya, 

against a hotel and an airliner.

REWARD

Should be considered armed and 

dangerous. If you have any information 

concerning this person, please contact 

your local FBI office or the nearest 

American Embassy or Consulate.

Date of Birth: 4 April 1979

Place of Birth: Mombasa, Kenya

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

cThese altered photographs show what 

Saleh Ali Saleh Nabhan might look like 

with a full beard or mustache.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Salih ‘Ali Salih Nabhan
www.nctc.gov 35 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 April

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

2002, Israel: Suicide bomber kills six, injures 104 in Jerusalem; al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade 

responsible Sunday

12

Christian: Easter Sunday

Orthodox Christian: Palm Sunday

Jewish: Passover (4th Day) 16 Rabi‘ al-Thani

Monday

13

Jewish: Passover (5th Day) 17 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1986, Libya: US planes bomb Tripoli and Benghazi in retaliation for La Belle disco bombing on 

4 April Tuesday

14

Jewish: Passover (6th Day) 18 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1986, Sudan: US Embassy communicator shot and wounded in Khartoum Wednesday

15

Jewish: Passover (7th Day; in Israel, Passover ends at sundown) 19 Rabi‘ al-Thani

Thursday

16

Jewish: Passover (8th Day; ends at sundown) 20 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2004, Gaza Strip: Israelis kill HAMAS Gaza Strip leader Dr. ‘Abd al-Aziz al-Rantisi Friday

17

21 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1983, Lebanon: Car bomb explodes in front of US Embassy, killing 63 and wounding over 100; 

Hizballah responsible Saturday

18

22 Rabi‘ al-Thani
Counterterrorism 2009 36 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Qari Mohammad Zafar

Up to $5 Million Reward

wanted

Qari Mohammad Zafar is wanted 

for questioning in connection with 

the 2 March 2006 bombing of the US 

Consulate in Karachi, Pakistan. The 

attack killed three Pakistani citizens 

and David Foy, a US diplomat. Zafar is 

suspected of being a key figure involved 

in this attack.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Qari Mohammad Zafar. 

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.
www.nctc.gov 37 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 April

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

1995, US: Truck bomb explodes at Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, killing 

168 and injuring hundreds; Timothy McVeigh found guilty and executed 11 June 2001 Sunday

19

Orthodox Christian: Easter 23 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1998, Germany: Red Army Faction announces dissolution Monday

20

24 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2004, Iraq: Suicide attackers detonate five car bombs in Basra, killing 73 and wounding 20 

2004, Saudi Arabia: Unknown terrorist car-bombs Riyadh police headquarters, killing 10 and 

wounding 125

Tuesday

21

Israel: Holocaust Remembrance Day (Yom HaShoah) 25 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1997, Peru: Four-month hostage situation at Japanese Embassy ends with 17 dead, 71 freed; 

MRTA responsible Wednesday

22

26 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2000, Philippines: ASG kidnaps 21, including 10 foreign tourists Thursday

23

27 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2003, Colombia: Landmine kills one US Marine and wounds five others; FARC believed 

responsible

2001, Turkey: PKK member jailed 12 years for planning suicide bombing

Friday

24

28 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2003, India: Bomb explodes at courthouse, killing three and injuring 34 others

2001, Colombia: FARC kills more than 12 suspected AUC members Saturday

25

Egypt: Sinai Liberation Day 29 Rabi‘ al-Thani
Counterterrorism 2009 38 www.nctc.gov

Al-Qa‘ida in Iraq (AQI) 

Al-Qa‘ida in Iraq was initially 

established as Jama‘at al-Tawhid 

wa-al Jihad, “Unity and Jihad Group,” 

in April 2004 by long-time Jordanian 

jihadist Abu Mus‘ab al-Zarqawi. Using 

such tactics as vehicle-borne improvised 

explosive devices (VBIED), suicide 

bombers, and executions of hostages by 

beheading and other means, the group 

targeted Coalition forces and attempted 

to pressure countries and foreign 

companies to leave Iraq, push Iraqis to 

stop supporting the United States and the 

Iraqi Government, and attract additional 

cadre to its ranks.

In a 17 October 2004 statement, 

al-Zarqawi pledged allegiance to 

Usama Bin Ladin and renamed the 

group Tanzim Qa‘idat al-Jihad fi Bilad 

al-Rafidayn (“The Base Organization of 

Jihad in the Land of the Two Rivers,” 

a common reference for Iraq). As part 

of its plan to spread jihad into “Greater 

Syria”—that is, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, 

and Jordan—and establish 

an Islamic state there, 

AQI expanded its 

targeting outside of 

Iraq in August 2005 by 

attempting a rocket attack 

on a US Navy ship in the Port of Aqaba, 

Jordan, and in November 2005 with 

the bombing of three hotels in Amman 

that left 67 dead and over 150 injured. 

In an attempt to unify Sunni jihadists in 

Iraq, in January 2006 AQI created the 

Mujahidin Shura Council, an umbrella 

organization that five other small jihadist 

groups joined. Al-Zarqawi made it a 

priority to foster sectarian violence 

between the Shia and Sunni in Iraq to 

incite civil war, primarily through the 

targeting of Shia civilians.

Al-Zarqawi was killed in a US 

airstrike on 7 June 2006. The new 

leader of AQI, Abu Ayyub al-Masri, 

announced in October 2006 the 

formation of the “Islamic State of 

Iraq” (ISI), led by Iraqi national Abu 

Umar al-Baghdadi in an attempt to 

politicize AQI’s terrorist activities, and 

place an “Iraqi face” on their efforts. 

AQI’s continued targeting of Iraqi 

civilians has caused a backlash against 

the organization, primarily from Sunni 

tribal and local community leaders. The 

increased prominence of local anti-AQI 

groups along with ongoing Coalition 

and Iraqi operations have denied AQI 

their traditional safehavens, restricting 

the organization’s freedom of movement 

and resulting in a decreased attack 

tempo. However, AQI is still capable of 

conducting destabilizing operations and 

remains the most active and capable of 

the Sunni extremist groups in Iraq. 

IRAQ

IRAN SYRIA

SAUDI ARABIA

KUWAIT

TURKEY

cRemains of al-Zarqawi safehouse, 7 June 2006
www.nctc.gov 39 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 April/May

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

2001, Colombia: Government withdraws troops and allows ELN to claim territory Sunday

26

1 Jumada al-Ula

1999, Greece: Anti-NATO bombing in hotel kills one and wounds one; 

Revolutionary Cells responsible Monday

27

2 Jumada al-Ula

Tuesday

28

Israel: Memorial Day (Yom HaZikaron) 3 Jumada al-Ula

Wednesday

29

Israel: Independence Day observed (lunar calendar) 4 Jumada al-Ula

2003, Israel: Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade suicide bomber attacks Tel Aviv pub, killing three Israelis 

and injuring 64 others, including one US citizen

2000, Colombia: FARC launches Movement for New Colombia

Thursday

30

5 Jumada al-Ula

1993, Sri Lanka: Suicide bomber kills President Premadasa during May Day celebration Friday

1

International: Labor Day 6 Jumada al-Ula

Saturday

2

7 Jumada al-Ula
Counterterrorism 2009 40 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Jamal Mohammad al-Badawi

Up to $5 Million Reward

wanted

Jamal Mohammad al-Badawi is 

wanted in connection with the 

12 October 2000 bombing of the USS 

Cole in Aden, Yemen. This attack 

resulted in the deaths of 17 American 

sailors. He has been indicted on 

the following charges: Murder and 

conspiracy to murder US nationals and 

US military personnel; conspiracy to use 

and using weapons of mass destruction, 

damaging and destroying government 

properties and defense facilities; and 

providing material support to terrorist 

organizations.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Jamal Mohammad alBadawi. If you have any information 

concerning this person, please contact 

your local FBI office if you are in 

the United States, or the nearest US 

Embassy or Consulate. If you prefer 

to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use 

the telephone, please call 1-800-US 

REWARDS.

Date of Birth: 22 July 1960, 23 October 1960, or 

23 October 1963

Place of Birth: Al-Shargian, Makiras, Yemen

Height: Approximately 5'5" (165 cm)

Weight: Approximately 175 lbs (79 kg)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Black

Complexion: Olive

Citizenship: Yemen

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Jamal Muhsin al-Tali, Abu Abdul Rahman al-Badawi, Abu Abdul Rahman al-Adani, 

Jamal Mohammad Ahmad Ali al-Badawi, Jamal Mohammad Ahmad 
www.nctc.gov 41 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 May

2006, US: Zacarias Moussaoui sentenced to life in prison for aiding the 9/11 attacks Sunday

3

8 Jumada al-Ula

Monday

4

9 Jumada al-Ula

Tuesday

5

10 Jumada al-Ula

2001, Spain: Politician Manuel Jimenez killed in attack in Zaragoza; ETA blamed Wednesday

6

11 Jumada al-Ula

2007, US: Authorities disrupt plot to attack Fort Dix military base in New Jersey

2004, Pakistan: Unknown suicide bomber attacks historic mosque, killing 15 and wounding 96

2002, Israel: Suicide bomber at club kills 15 and injures 55 in Tel Aviv; HAMAS responsible

Thursday

7

12 Jumada al-Ula

2004, Russia: Chechen Republic President Kadyrov assassinated at stadium in Groznyy when 

remotely detonated explosive kills 10, wounds 56

1985, Spain: Firebombing of US Citibank and Xerox buildings

Friday

8

13 Jumada al-Ula

2001, Afghanistan: Taliban closes four UN offices in retaliation for the imposition of UN 

sanctions Saturday

9

14 Jumada al-Ula
Counterterrorism 2009 42 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

wanted

Fahd Mohammed Ahmed al-Quso 

is wanted in connection with the 

12 October 2000 bombing of the USS 

Cole in Aden, Yemen. This attack 

resulted in the deaths of 17 American 

sailors. He has been indicted on 

the following charges: Murder and 

conspiracy to murder US nationals and 

US military personnel; conspiracy to use 

and using weapons of mass destruction, 

damaging and destroying government 

properties and defense facilities; and 

providing material support to terrorist 

organizations.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Fahd Mohammed Ahmed 

al-Quso. If you have any information 

concerning this person, please contact 

your local FBI office if you are in 

the United States, or the nearest US 

Embassy or Consulate. If you prefer 

to use E-mail, send your information 

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Fahd Mohammed Ahmed al-Awlaqi, Fahd al-Quso, Abu Huthaifah, Abu Huthaifah 

al-Yemeni, Abu Huthaifah al-Adani, Abu al-Bara, Fahd Muhammad Ahmad al-Kusso 

Date of Birth: 12 November 1974

Place of Birth: Aden, Yemen

Height: Approximately 5'6" (168 cm)

Weight: Approximately 150 lbs (68 kg)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Black

Complexion: Olive

Citizenship: Saudi Arabia

Fahd Mohammed Ahmed al-Quso

Up to $5 Million Reward

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use 

the telephone, please call 1-800-US 

REWARDS.
www.nctc.gov 43 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 May

2002, Russia: Remote-control mine rips through Victory Day parade in Dagestan, leaving 41 

dead; Chechen separatists suspected Sunday

10

US: Mothers Day 15 Jumada al-Ula

1999, India: Death sentence upheld for four of 26 convicted in conspiracy to kill Prime Minister 

Rajiv Gandhi Monday

11

16 Jumada al-Ula

2001, Colombia: Labor organizer Sanchez Diaz killed; paramilitaries suspected

2001, Spain: ETA car bomb in central Madrid wounds 14 on eve of Basque vote Tuesday

12

17 Jumada al-Ula

2008, India: Seven near-simultaneous blasts in Jaipur kill more than 60; little-known group 

Indian Mujahidin claims responsibility 

2003, Saudi Arabia: Al-Qa‘ida bombs the Vinnell, al-Hamra, and Ishbilyah housing compounds, 

killing seven US and 13 non-US citizens and injuring 194 others

1981, Italy: Mehmet Ali Agca attempts assassination of Pope John Paul II

Wednesday

13

18 Jumada al-Ula

1948, Israel: Founding of the State of Israel Thursday

14

Palestinian: Nakhba (Day of Catastrophe; refers to original Israeli Independence Day 

on 14 May 1948) 19 Jumada al-Ula

Friday

15

20 Jumada al-Ula

2003, Morocco: Al-Sirat al-Mustaqim members conduct near-simultaneous explosive attacks at 

five locations in Casablanca, killing 42 and injuring 100 

1978, Italy: Statesman Aldo Moro murdered by Red Brigades

Saturday

16

21 Jumada al-Ula
Counterterrorism 2009 44 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

wanted

Anas al-Liby has been indicted for his 

alleged role in the 7 August 1998 

bombings of the US Embassies in Dar es 

Salaam, Tanzania, and Nairobi, Kenya. 

He has been indicted on the following 

charges: Conspiracy to kill US nationals, 

to murder, to destroy buildings and 

property of the United States, and to 

destroy national defense utilities of the 

United States.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/

or conviction of Anas al-Liby. If you 

have any information concerning this 

person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Anas al-Sabai, Anas al-Libi, Nazih al-Raghie, Nazih Abdul Hamed al-Raghie

Date of Birth: 30 March 1964 or 15 May 1964

Place of Birth: Tripoli, Libya

Height: 5'10"-6'2" (178-188 cm)

Build: Medium

Hair: Dark

Eyes: Dark

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Scar on left side of face. 

Usually wears a full beard.

Citizenship: Libya

Languages: Arabic, English

Anas al-Liby

Up to $5 Million Reward
www.nctc.gov 45 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 May

1989, Germany: Court convicts Muhammad Ali Hamadi of hijacking TWA flight 847 in 1985 Sunday

17

22 Jumada al-Ula

1980, Peru: Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) begins terrorist operations Monday

18

23 Jumada al-Ula

Tuesday

19

24 Jumada al-Ula

1999, Turkey: Ex-PKK deputy Semdin Sakik sentenced to death for treason Wednesday

20

25 Jumada al-Ula

2004, Bangladesh: Newly appointed British High Commissioner critically injured in blast by 

unknown group; three killed, 100 wounded 

2002, Peru: Car bomb detonates outside US Embassy, killing nine Peruvians; 

Shining Path suspected 

1991, India: Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and several others killed by a female LTTE suicide 

bomber

Thursday

21

Christian: Ascension Day 26 Jumada al-Ula

2004, Colombia: Bomb explodes in crowded disco in Apartado, killing six, wounding 82; 

FARC suspected

2001, Philippines: ASG rebels raid beach resort on Samal Island, killing two and wounding three

Friday

22

27 Jumada al-Ula

Saturday

23

28 Jumada al-Ula
Counterterrorism 2009 46 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Fazul Abdullah Mohammed

Up to $5 Million Reward

wanted

Fazul Mohammed likes to wear 

baseball caps, tends to dress casually, 

and is very good with computers. He 

has been indicted for his alleged role in 

the 7 August 1998 bombings of the US 

Embassies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 

and Nairobi, Kenya, on the following 

charges: Murder of US nationals outside 

the United States; conspiracy to murder 

US nationals outside the United States; 

and attack on a federal facility resulting 

in death.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Fazul Mohammed. If you 

have any information concerning this 

person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate.

Date of Birth: 5 August 1972, 5 December 1974, 

5 February 1974, or 2 August 1972

Place of Birth: Comoros Islands

Nationality: Coastal African, Comoros Island

Height: 5'3"-5'5" (160 - 165 cm)

Weight: 120-140 lbs (54-64 kg)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Complexion: Dark

Birth Name: Abdullah Muhammad Ali Fadil Husayn 

Mullah Ati

Languages: English, French, Swahili, Arabic, Comoran

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Abdallah Fazul, ‘Abdallah Fazul, Abdalla Fazul, Abdallah Mohammed Fazul, Fazul 

Abdilahi Mohammed, Fazul Adballah, Fazul Abdalla, Fazul Mohammed, Haroon, 

Harun, Haroon Fazul, Harun Fazul, Fadil Abdallah Muhamad, Fadhil Haroun, Abu 

Seif Al Sudani, Abu Aisha, Abu Luqman, Fadel Abdallah Mohammed Ali, Fouad 

Mohammed, Abu Al Fazul al-Qamari, Abu Sayf al-Sudani
www.nctc.gov 47 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 May

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

Sunday

24

29 Jumada al-Ula

2001, Israel: HAMAS and PIJ detonate two bombs at bus station on anniversary of Israeli pullout 

from Lebanon in 2000, killing the three suicide attackers and injuring 45 Israelis Monday

25

US: Memorial Day 30 Jumada al-Ula

1998, Japan: Doctor Ikuo Hayashi convicted in Aum Shinrikyo sarin attack in 1995 Tuesday

26

1 Jumada al-Akhirah

2001, Philippines: ASG kidnaps 20, including three Americans, in raid on Dos Palmas Resort off 

Palawan Island Wednesday

27

2 Jumada al-Akhirah

1997, Greece: Shipowner Constantinos Peratikos slain in ambush by 17 November 

1964, Colombia: Founding of Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) Thursday

28

3 Jumada al-Akhirah

1997, US: Mohammed Abouhalima found guilty of helping his brother with the 1993 World Trade 

Center bombing Friday

29

Jewish: Shavuot (Feast of Weeks; 1st day) 4 Jumada al-Akhirah

2001, Japan: Japanese Red Army founder, Fusako Shigenobu, announces JRA dissolution, 

regrouping as legal organization 

1972, Israel: Three members of Japanese Red Army, acting on behalf of PFLP, kill 24 and wound 

78 in attack on (now) Ben Gurion International Airport

Saturday

30

Jewish: Shavuot (Feast of Weeks; 2nd day) 5 Jumada al-Akhirah
Counterterrorism 2009 48 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

wanted

Ahmed Mohamed Hamed Ali may 

have formal training in agriculture 

and may have worked in this vocation. 

He has been indicted for his alleged 

role in the 7 August 1998 bombings of 

the US Embassies in Dar es Salaam, 

Tanzania, and Nairobi, Kenya, on the 

following charges: Conspiracy to kill US 

nationals, to murder, to destroy buildings 

and property of the United States, and to 

destroy national defense utilities of the 

United States.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, US 

Department of State, is offering up to 

$5 million for information leading directly 

to the apprehension and/or conviction of 

Ahmed Mohamed Hamed Ali. If you 

have any information concerning this 

person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Shuaib, Abu Islam al-Surir, Ahmed Ahmed, Ahmed the Egyptian, Ahmed Hemed, 

Hamed Ali, Ahmed Shieb, Abu Islam, Ahmed Mohammed Ali, Ahmed Hamed, 

Ahmed Mohammed Abdurehman, Abu Khadiijah, Abu Fatima, Ahmad al-Masri

Date of Birth: Approximately 1965

Place of Birth: Egypt

Height: Approximately 5'6" to 5'8" (168-173 cm)

Build: Medium

Hair: Dark

Eyes: Dark

Citizenship: Egypt

Ahmed Mohamed Hamed Ali 

Up to $5 Million Reward
www.nctc.gov 49 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 May/June

1979, West Germany: Red Army Faction member Irmgard Möller sentenced to life in prison for 

attacks on US Army headquarters in Heidelberg Sunday

31

6 Jumada al-Akhirah

2004, Iraq: Unknown group explodes car bomb in front of Patriotic Union of Kurdistan’s office, 

killing 25 and wounding many more 

2001, Israel: HAMAS claims responsibility for Tel Aviv disco suicide bomb that kills 20 

and wounds 120

Monday

1

7 Jumada al-Akhirah

2006, Canada: Police arrest 17 alleged terrorists in Ontario; group believed to be planning 

attacks using truck bombs, small-arms fire Tuesday

2

8 Jumada al-Akhirah

2007, US: Authorities disrupt plot to blow up a system of jet fuel supply tanks and pipelines at 

JFK International Airport in New York 

1989, Iran: Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini dies after 10-year rule

Wednesday

3

9 Jumada al-Akhirah

1999, Turkey: Police kill two DHKP/C terrorists preparing to attack US Consulate Thursday

4

10 Jumada al-Akhirah

2002, Israel: Car packed with explosives rams bus, killing 17 and injuring 38; Islamic Jihad 

responsible 

2001, Sri Lanka: LTTE attack on army camp kills 10

Friday

5

11 Jumada al-Akhirah

2003, Afghanistan: Taxi rigged with explosives rams into a bus carrying German peacekeepers 

in Kabul, killing five and injuring 29; al-Qa‘ida probably responsible 

2001, Canada: Bombmaker Singh Reyat charged in 1985 Air India bombing and jailed in Japan

Saturday

6

12 Jumada al-Akhirah
Counterterrorism 2009 50 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Sheikh Ahmed Salim Swedan

Up to $5 Million Reward

wanted

Sheikh Ahmed Salim Swedan 

managed a trucking business in 

Kenya. He has been indicted for his 

alleged role in the 7 August 1998 

bombings of the US Embassies in Dar es 

Salaam, Tanzania, and Nairobi, Kenya, 

on the following charges: Murder of 

US nationals outside the United States; 

conspiracy to murder US nationals 

outside the United States; and attack on 

a federal facility resulting in death.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Sheikh Ahmed Salim 

Swedan. If you have any information 

concerning this person, please contact 

your local FBI office if you are in 

the United States, or the nearest US 

Embassy or Consulate. If you prefer 

to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use 

the telephone, please call 1-800-US 

REWARDS.

Date of Birth: 9 April 1969 or 9 April 1960

Place of Birth: Kenya

Height: 5'8"-6'0" (173-183 cm)

Weight: 175 lbs (79 kg)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Nationality: Kenya

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Swedan sometimes wears 

a light beard or moustache.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Sheikh Ahmad Salem Suweidan, Sheikh Ahmed Salem Swedan, Sheikh Swedan, 

Sheikh Bahamadi, Ahmed Ally, Bahamad, Sheik Bahamad, Ahmed the Tall, Shaykh 

Ahmad Salim Suwaydan, Admadal-Tawil 
www.nctc.gov 51 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 June

2006, Iraq: Abu Mus‘ab al-Zarqawi, leader of al-Qa‘ida in Iraq, killed in Coalition raid

2002, Philippines: Missionary Martin Burnham killed during gun battle between Philippine 

Government troops and ASG captors 

2000, Sri Lanka: LTTE suicide bomber kills 22 and wounds 60 during War Heroes procession

Sunday

7

13 Jumada al-Akhirah

2001, India: Four killed and 50 wounded in grenade attack on Kashmir mosque by unknown 

attacker 

2000, Greece: British Attaché, Brigadier Stephen Saunders, killed in ambush; 17 November 

claims responsibility

Monday

8

14 Jumada al-Akhirah

1997, Egypt: Suspected leader of al-Gama‘at al-Islamiyya, Mustafa Abu-Rawwash, killed in 

Cairo; 40 members arrested Tuesday

9

15 Jumada al-Akhirah

Wednesday

10

16 Jumada al-Akhirah

1985, Lebanon: Jordanian flight to Amman hijacked, hostages freed the next day; plane 

destroyed, hijackers escape Thursday

11

17 Jumada al-Akhirah

2001, Jordan: Abu Nidal, three others stand trial in absentia for 1994 murder of Jordanian 

diplomat in Lebanon 

2001, Philippines: ASG claims beheading of US hostage Guillermo Sobero; confirmed in October 

2001

Friday

12

18 Jumada al-Akhirah

2007, Iraq: Second bombing of al-Askari (Golden Dome) Mosque in Samarra‘. No casualties, but 

mosque’s two 10-story minarets destroyed. First bombing, on 22 June 2006, destroyed 

mosque’s golden dome

Saturday

13

19 Jumada al-Akhirah
Counterterrorism 2009 52 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

wanted

Abdullah Abdullah has been 

indicted for his alleged role in the 

7 August 1998 bombings of the US 

Embassies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 

and Nairobi, Kenya. He has been 

indicted on the following charges: 

Murder of US nationals outside the 

United States; conspiracy to murder 

US nationals outside the United States; 

attack on a federal facility resulting in 

death; conspiracy to kill US nationals, 

to murder, to destroy buildings and 

property of the United States, and to 

destroy national defense utilities of the 

United States.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Abdullah Abdullah. If you 

have any information concerning this 

person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Abu Mohamed al-Masri, Saleh, Abu Mariam, ‘Abdallah Ahmed ‘Abdallah, Abu 

Maryam, Abu Muhammad al-Masri 

Date of Birth: Approximately 1963

Place of Birth: Egypt

Height: 5'8" (173 cm)

Build: Medium

Hair: Dark

Eyes: Dark

Citizenship: Egypt

Status: Fugitive

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Abdullah may wear a 

mustache and has a scar on the right side of his lower lip

Abdullah Ahmed Abdullah 

Up to $5 Million Reward
www.nctc.gov 53 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 June

1985, Greece: Two Hizballah members hijack TWA flight 847 and murder US Navy diver, Robert 

Stethem, in Beirut; other hostages released, hijackers escape Sunday

14

US: Flag Day 20 Jumada al-Akhirah

2001, India: Sudanese citizen Abdul Rauf Hawash and Indian national Shameem Sarvar arrested 

for plotting to blow up US Embassy in New Delhi on Bin Ladin’s orders Monday

15

21 Jumada al-Akhirah

1995, France: Six Iranians sentenced to life imprisonment for 1991 assassination of former 

Iranian prime minister Tuesday

16

22 Jumada al-Akhirah

2004, Iraq: Abu Mus‘ab al-Zarqawi extremists bomb Iraqi army recruitment center, killing 35 

and wounding 138 Wednesday

17

23 Jumada al-Akhirah

2002, Israel: Suicide bomber detonates explosives on bus; 19 killed and 74 wounded; Islamic 

Jihad claims responsibility Thursday

18

24 Jumada al-Akhirah

2002, Israel: Seven killed, 37 injured by a suicide bomber at bus stop; al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade 

claims responsibility Friday

19

25 Jumada al-Akhirah

2001, Kashmir: LT leader Omar Abdullah Makki and associate killed; five others wounded 

near Srinagar Saturday

20

26 Jumada al-Akhirah
Counterterrorism 2009 54 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Fahid Mohammed Ally Msalam 

Up to $5 Million Reward

wanted

Fahid Msalam sometimes wears a 

light beard or moustache and has 

worked as a clothing vendor. He has 

been indicted for his alleged role in the 

7 August 1998 bombings of the US 

Embassies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 

and Nairobi, Kenya, on the following 

charges: Murder of US nationals outside 

the United States; conspiracy to murder 

US nationals outside the United States; 

and attack on a federal facility resulting 

in death.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Fahid Mohammed Ally 

Msalam. If you have any information 

concerning this person, please contact 

your local FBI office if you are in 

the United States, or the nearest US 

Embassy or Consulate. If you prefer 

to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use 

the telephone, please call 1-800-US 

REWARDS.

Date of Birth: 19 February 1976 

Place of Birth: Mombasa, Kenya 

Height: 5'6"-5'8" (168-173 cm)

Weight: 180-190 lbs (82-86 kg)

Hair: Black, curly

Eyes: Brown

Build: Medium 

Nationality: Kenyan

Languages: Swahili, Arabic, English

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Fahid Mohammed Ally, Fahid Mohammed Ali Musalaam, Fahid Mohammed Ali 

Msalam, Fahid Muhamad Ali Salem, Mohammed Ally Msalam, Usama al-Kini, 

Fahad Ally Msalam, Fahid Muhammad ‘Ali Musalam 
www.nctc.gov 55 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 June

2001, US: Court indicts 13 members of Saudi Hizballah and one Lebanese Hizballah member for 

1996 bombing of Khobar Towers that killed 19 US airmen Sunday

21

US: Fathers Day 27 Jumada al-Akhirah

2001, Colombia: ELN member Gerardo Herrera and others are arrested in foreign oil worker’s 

kidnapping and murder Monday

22

28 Jumada al-Akhirah

1985, Canada: Bomb explodes on Air India flight 182, killing 329; Sikhs Ripudaman Singh Malik 

and Ajaib Singh Bagri held responsible and captured on 28 October 2001 Tuesday

23

29 Jumada al-Akhirah

2000, Colombia: Army captures FARC leader Rey Palacios Wednesday

24

1 Rajab

1996, Saudi Arabia: Bombing of Khobar Towers in Dhahran; 19 US airmen killed; Saudi and 

Lebanese Hizballah responsible Thursday

25

2 Rajab

1995, Ethiopia: Egyptian President Mubarak escapes assassination attempt; al-Gama‘at 

al‐Islamiyya responsible Friday

26

3 Rajab

2004, Iraq: Car bombs explode in Al Hillah, killing 40 and wounding 22 

1994, Japan: Sarin gas attack kills seven and wounds 600 in Matsumoto; 

Aum Shinrikyo responsible

1976, Greece: Air France flight hijacked by PFLP; two hostages and one hijacker are killed

Saturday

27

4 Rajab
Counterterrorism 2009 56 www.nctc.gov

Formed in 1982 in response to 

the Israeli invasion of Lebanon, 

Hizballah (“the Party of God”), a 

Lebanon-based radical Shia group, 

advocates Shia empowerment within 

Lebanon. The group also supports 

Palestinian rejectionist groups in their 

struggle against Israel and now provides 

training for Iraqi Shia militants attacking 

Coalition forces in Iraq. Hizballah 

is known or suspected to have been 

involved in or provided support to 

numerous anti-US terrorist attacks, 

including the suicide truck bombings 

of the US Embassy in Beirut in April 

1983, the US Marine barracks in Beirut 

in October 1983, and the US Embassy 

annex in Beirut in September 1984, as 

well as the hijacking of TWA 847 in 

1985 and the Khobar Towers attack 

in Saudi Arabia in 1996. Hizballah 

primarily operates in the Bekaa Valley, 

Hermil, the southern suburbs of Beirut, 

and southern Lebanon. The group has 

established cells in the Middle East, 

Europe, Africa, South 

America, North America, 

and Asia.

Since the passage of 

UN Security Council 

Resolution 1559 in the fall of 2004, 

which called for the disarmament of all 

armed militias in Lebanon, Hizballah 

has focused on justifying its retention of 

arms by casting itself within Lebanon 

as the only reliable bulwark against 

Israeli aggression. To this end, Hizballah 

kidnapped two Israeli soldiers on the 

Israeli side of the Israel-Lebanon border 

on 12 July 2006 in a gambit to negotiate 

the release of Lebanese and other 

Arab prisoners being held by Israel. In 

response, Israel launched an extensive 

military campaign against Hizballah in 

Lebanon with the aim of eradicating 

the organization. Following the UNbrokered cease-fire in August 2006, 

Hizballah claimed victory by virtue of 

its survival and has since sought to use 

the conflict to justify its need to retain its 

arms as a Lebanese resistance force. 

In February 2008, Hizballah’s military 

chief ‘Imad Mughniyah was killed by 

a vehicle bomb set off by unknown 

persons in Damascus. Hizballah 

Secretary General Hasan Nasrallah 

publicly blamed Israel and promised 

retaliation. In mid-May, Hizballah 

launched a military offensive against the 

Lebanese Government after it threatened 

to launch an investigation into the 

group’s private communications network 

and had removed the head of security 

at Beirut International airport, who was 

suspected of allegiance to Hizballah.

Hizballah’s political power and 

prominence in Lebanon were enhanced 

in the summer of 2008 following its 

consolidation of a blocking veto in the 

Lebanese Cabinet and its successful 

negotiation of a prisoner exchange with 

Israel. Hizballah returned the remains of 

the two soldiers kidnapped in 2006 while 

Israel released five prisoners and the 

remains of some 200 other Lebanese.

The group is also known as the 

Islamic Resistance, Islamic Jihad, 

Revolutionary Justice Organization, and 

Organization of the Oppressed on Earth.

SYRIA

LEBANON

ISRAEL

JORDAN

WEST 

BANK

Hizballah 
www.nctc.gov 57 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 June/July

1988, Greece: US Defense Attaché, Navy Captain William Nordeen, assassinated in Athens 

by 17 November Sunday

28

5 Rajab

2007, United Kingdom: Two car bombs safely dismantled in London

1999, Turkey: PKK leader Abdullah Ocalan sentenced to be hanged for treason Monday

29

6 Rajab

2007, United Kingdom: Burning vehicle driven into Glasgow airport; Iraqi doctors, others, 

arrested in this and 29 June 2007 attempted car bombing Tuesday

30

7 Rajab

2006, Iraq: Car bomb attack kills more than 60 in Baghdad market Wednesday

1

8 Rajab

2008, Colombia: Politician Ingrid Betancourt and three US military contractors—Marc 

Gonsalves, Thomas Howes, and Keith Stansell—held since 23 February 2002, freed from 

FARC captivity

Thursday

2

9 Rajab

Friday

3

US: Independence Day observed 10 Rajab

1995, India: Al-Faran guerrillas kidnap two UK citizens and two US citizens in Kashmir 

1976, Uganda: Israelis raid Entebbe, rescue 246 hijacked hostages; two hostages and one 

hijacker killed

Saturday

4

US: Independence Day 11 Rajab
Counterterrorism 2009 58 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

wanted

Ali Atwa is believed to be a member 

of the terrorist organization 

Lebanese Hizballah. On 14 June 1985, 

terrorists hijacked TWA Flight 847 en 

route from Athens to Rome. After flying 

to multiple sites, the plane landed in 

Beirut, where the hijackers shot and 

killed US Navy diver Robert Stethem 

and dumped his body on the airport 

tarmac. 

Ali Atwa was indicted for his role in 

planning and participating in that attack. 

He has been indicted on the following 

charges: Conspiracy to commit aircraft 

piracy, to commit hostage taking, to 

commit air piracy resulting in murder, 

to interfere with a flight crew, to place a 

destructive device aboard an aircraft, to 

have explosive devices about the person 

on an aircraft, and to assault passengers 

and crew; air piracy resulting in murder; 

air piracy; hostage taking; interference 

with flight crew; placing explosives 

aboard aircraft; placing destructive 

device aboard aircraft; assault aboard 

aircraft with intent to hijack with a 

dangerous weapon and resulting in 

serious bodily injury; and aiding and 

abetting.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Ali Atwa. If you have any 

information concerning this person, 

please contact your local FBI office 

if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If 

you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Ammar Mansour Bouslim, Hassan Rostom Salim

Date of Birth: Approximately 1960

Place of Birth: Lebanon

Height: 5'8" (173 cm)

Build: Medium

Eyes: Brown

Citizenship: Lebanon

Ali Atwa

Up to $5 Million Reward
www.nctc.gov 59 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 July

2001, Sri Lanka: Government invokes tough terrorism laws to combat LTTE Sunday

5

Algeria: Independence Day 12 Rajab

2004, Iraq: Ansar al-Sunna suicide car bombs in Khalis kill 14, wound 37 

2002, Afghanistan: Vice President Haji Abdul Qadir assassinated by unknown gunman Monday

6

13 Rajab

2005, United Kingdom: Three near-simultaneous bombs on London transportation system, 

followed by another bombing less than an hour later, kill more than 50, wound over 700; 

al-Qa‘ida later claims responsibility 

1998, Algeria: GIA leader in Algiers, Khalifi Athmane, among 11 rebels killed by government

Tuesday

7

14 Rajab

1995, India: Al-Faran guerrillas kidnap Norwegian H.C. Ostroe and German Dirk Hasert in 

Kashmir Wednesday

8

15 Rajab

2002, Philippines: One soldier killed and six wounded in clash with ASG guerrillas Thursday

9

16 Rajab

2001, Israel: Palestinian Mahmud Nadi, driver for the Tel Aviv disco bomber, charged with 

murder 

2001, Spain: ETA car bomb attack kills one and wounds 12 in Madrid

Friday

10

17 Rajab

2006, India: Synchronized blasts on the Mumbai rail system kill nearly 200 and injure 900; LT 

believed responsible

1988, Greece: Attack on island ferry City of Poros kills nine and wounds dozens; ANO 

responsible

Saturday

11

18 Rajab
Counterterrorism 2009 60 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Mohammed Ali Hamadei

Up to $5 Million Reward

wanted

Mohammed Ali Hamadei is believed 

to be a member of the terrorist 

organization Lebanese Hizballah. He 

was indicted for his role in planning 

and participating in the 14 June 1985 

hijacking of TWA Flight 847. This 

hijacking resulted in an assault on 

various passengers and crew members, 

and the murder of Petty Officer Robert 

D. Stethem, US Navy. Hamadei is 

charged with: Aircraft piracy in the 

Special Aircraft Jurisdiction of the 

United States; unlawful placing of a 

destructive device on an aircraft; hostage 

taking; murder; assault on a passenger; 

and conspiracy.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Mohammed Ali Hamadei. 

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Date of Birth: 13 June 1964

Place of Birth: Lebanon

Height: 5'8" (173 cm)

Weight: 150 lbs (68 kg)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Dark Brown

Citizenship: Lebanon

Languages: Arabic, German

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Hamadei has a mole on 

his right cheek below his eye.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Mohammod Ali Hamadei, Ali Hamadi, Castro, Muhammad ‘Ali Hamaday, 

Muhammad ‘Ali Hamadai 
www.nctc.gov 61 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 July

2000, Spain: ETA car bomb wounds 10 in Madrid’s Callao Plaza Sunday

12

19 Rajab

1999, India: Muslim militants storm Kashmir paramilitary camp; four killed and 12 kidnapped 

1991, Japan: Hiroshi Igarashi, Japanese translator of The Satanic Verses, assassinated by 

unknown gunman

Monday

13

20 Rajab

2004, Iraq: Car bomb attack near Iraqi Interim Government headquarters and British Embassy in 

Baghdad kills 10, wounds 40 Tuesday

14

France: Bastille Day 21 Rajab

Wednesday

15

22 Rajab

2002, Ireland: IRA issues unprecedented apology for all previous casualties 

2000, Japan: Two Aum Shinrikyo members sentenced to death for sarin gas attack Thursday

16

23 Rajab

2002, Greece: Police arrest Alexandros Giotopoulos, leader and founder of 17 November Friday

17

24 Rajab

1994, Argentina: Buenos Aires Jewish Community Center bombed, killing nearly 100; Hizballah 

responsible Saturday

18

25 Rajab
Counterterrorism 2009 62 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Hasan Izz-al-Din

Up to $5 Million Reward

wanted

Hasan Izz-al-Din is believed to 

be a member of the terrorist 

organization Lebanese Hizballah. On 

14 June 1985, terrorists hijacked TWA 

Flight 847 en route from Athens to 

Rome. After flying to multiple sites, 

the plane landed in Beirut, where the 

hijackers shot and killed US Navy diver 

Robert Stethem and dumped his body on 

the airport tarmac. 

Hasan Izz-al-Din was indicted for his 

role in planning and participating in that 

attack and faces the following charges: 

Conspiracy to commit aircraft piracy, to 

commit hostage taking, to commit air 

piracy resulting in murder, to interfere 

with a flight crew, to place a destructive 

device aboard an aircraft, to have 

explosive devices about the person on an 

aircraft, and to assault passengers and 

crew; air piracy resulting in murder; air 

piracy; hostage taking; interference with 

flight crew; placing explosives aboard 

aircraft; placing destructive device 

aboard aircraft; assault aboard aircraft 

with intent to hijack with a dangerous 

weapon and resulting in serious bodily 

injury; and aiding and abetting.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Hasan Izz-al-Din. If you 

have any information concerning this 

person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Date of Birth: 1963

Place of Birth: Lebanon

Height: 5'9" to 5'11" (175-180 cm)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Black

Build: Slender 

Citizenship: Lebanon

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Ahmed Garbaya, Samir Salwwan, Sa’id, Hasan ‘Izz al-Din 
www.nctc.gov 63 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 July

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

2004, Iraq: Fuel tanker driven into Baghdad police station, killing nine and wounding 60 Sunday

19

26 Rajab

Monday

20

Islamic: Laylat al-Miraj (Ascent of the Prophet to Heaven)

Colombia: Independence Day 27 Rajab

2005, United Kingdom: No injuries reported as another four bombs explode in London 

transportation system (four bombs exploded on 7 July 2005)

1999, Spain: Government releases two former ETA leaders in hope of ending years of killing in 

Basque country

Tuesday

21

28 Rajab

2003, Iraq: Uday and Qusay Husayn killed in raid on residence in Mosul 

2002, Israel: HAMAS leader and 14 Palestinians killed in Israeli airstrike Wednesday

22

29 Rajab

2001, India: Bicycle bomb kills five soldiers and two civilians; Kashmir militants suspected Thursday

23

30 Rajab

2001, Sri Lanka: LTTE attack on international airport and adjoining air force base kills 18, 

wounds 12, and damages 24 aircraft Friday

24

1 Sha‘ban

2008, India: Seven explosions kill two in Bangalore

1995, France: Bomb kills seven and wounds 117 in Paris Saint-Michel Metro station; GIA 

suspected

Saturday

25

2 Sha‘ban
Counterterrorism 2009 64 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

wanted

On 25 June 1996, members of Saudi 

Hizballah carried out a terrorist 

attack on the Khobar Towers housing 

complex near Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. 

At the time, the complex was used 

to house US military personnel. The 

terrorists drove a tanker filled with 

plastic explosives into the parking lot 

and detonated it, all but destroying the 

nearest building. The attack killed 19 US 

servicemen and one Saudi citizen, and 

wounded 372 others of many different 

nationalities.

El-Hoorie was indicted in the Eastern 

District of Virginia for that attack, on 

the following charges: Conspiracy to 

kill US nationals; conspiracy to murder 

US employees; conspiracy to use 

weapons of mass destruction against 

US nationals; conspiracy to destroy US 

property; conspiracy to attack national 

defense utilities; bombing resulting in 

death; use of weapons of mass destruction 

against US nationals; murder while using 

a destructive device during a crime of 

violence; murder of federal employees; and 

attempted murder of federal employees.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Ali Saed bin Ali el-Hoorie. 

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Saed bin Ali al-Huri, ‘Ali Saed Bin ‘Ali El-Houri

Date of Birth: 10 July or 11 July 1965

Place of Birth: Saudi Arabia

Height: 5'2" (157 cm)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Black

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: El-Hoorie has a mole on 

his face.

Citizenship: Saudi Arabia

Ali Saed bin Ali el-Hoorie

Up to $5 Million Reward
www.nctc.gov 65 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 July/August

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

2008, India: Seventeen bombings of civilian targets in Ahmedabad kill close to 50 and wound 

100; Indian Mujahidin claims responsibility

2001, US: President Bush signs five-year sanctions extension against Iran and Libya

Sunday

26

3 Sha‘ban

2008, Turkey: Bombs kill 17 and wound more than 150 in Istanbul; Kongra-Gel denies 

involvement

2001, Spain: Bomb outside of Barcelona bank wounds three; GRAPO suspected

Monday

27

4 Sha‘ban

2008, Iraq: Female suicide bombers attack Shia pilgirms in Baghdad and Kurdish demonstrators 

in Kirkuk; more than 50 killed in bombings and clashes prompted by the attacks

2004, Iraq: Al-Zarqawi group bombings in Baquba kill 70, wound 56

Tuesday

28

Peru: Independence Day 5 Sha‘ban

Wednesday

29

6 Sha‘ban

2001, Spain: Former ETA leader Francisco Garmendia and Lt. Jose Erostrabe sentenced to 1,000 

years each 

1997, Israel: Double suicide attack kills 16 and wounds 150 in Jerusalem; HAMAS responsible

Thursday

30

Jewish: Tisha B‘av (commemoration of destruction of First and Second Temples) 7 Sha‘ban

2002, Israel: Seven students, including five US citizens, killed by bomb at Hebrew University; 

HAMAS responsible, apologizes for American deaths Friday

31

8 Sha‘ban

Saturday

1

9 Sha‘ban
Counterterrorism 2009 66 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

wanted

On 25 June 1996, members of Saudi 

Hizballah carried out a terrorist 

attack on the Khobar Towers housing 

complex near Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. 

At the time, the complex was used 

to house US military personnel. The 

terrorists drove a tanker filled with 

plastic explosives into the parking lot 

and detonated it, all but destroying the 

nearest building. The attack killed 19 US 

servicemen and one Saudi citizen, and 

wounded 372 others of many different 

nationalities.

Ahmad Ibrahim al-Mughassil was 

indicted in the Eastern District of 

Virginia for that attack, on the following 

charges: Conspiracy to kill US nationals; 

conspiracy to murder US employees; 

conspiracy to use weapons of mass 

destruction against US nationals; 

conspiracy to destroy US property; 

conspiracy to attack national defense 

utilities; bombing resulting in death; use 

of weapons of mass destruction against 

US nationals; murder while using a 

destructive device during a crime of 

violence; murder of federal employees; 

and attempted murder of federal 

employees.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/

or conviction of Ahmad Ibrahim 

al-Mughassil. If you have any 

information concerning this person, 

please contact your local FBI office 

if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If 

you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Abu Omran 

Date of Birth: 26 June 1967

Place of Birth: Saudi Arabia

Height: 5'4" (163 cm)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Citizenship: Saudi Arabia

Ahmad Ibrahim al-Mughassil

Up to $5 Million Reward
www.nctc.gov 67 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 August

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

2003, Iraq: Car bomb explodes in front of Jordanian Embassy in Baghdad, killing 19 

and injuring 50 

2000, India: Suspected Islamic militants in Kashmir kill Hindu pilgrims on way to shrine and 

attack villages; 102 killed and dozens wounded 

1990, Iraq: Invasion of Kuwait begins

Sunday

2

10 Sha‘ban

2001, United Kingdom: RIRA car bomb wounds six near London railway station 

1998, Colombia: ELN and FARC coordinate attacks that kill 106 soldiers and six civilians Monday

3

11 Sha‘ban

2002, Israel: Suicide bomber kills nine and wounds more than 50 passengers aboard bus; 

HAMAS claims responsibility Tuesday

4

12 Sha‘ban

2003, Indonesia: Car bomb explodes in front of Marriott Hotel in Jakarta, killing 13 and injuring 

149; JI responsible 

2001, Philippines: Soldiers rescue 13 hostages after ASG beheads 10 of 23 kidnapped on 2 

August

Wednesday

5

13 Sha‘ban

2002, India: Militants attack Hindu pilgrims in New Delhi, killing eight and wounding 32 

1991, France: Former Iranian Prime Minister Shapur Bakhtiar and his assistant 

assassinated in Paris

Thursday

6

14 Sha‘ban

1998, Kenya, Tanzania: Twin blasts at US Embassies kill 224, including 12 US citizens; 

5,000 injured in Nairobi and 72 in Dar es Salaam; al-Qa‘ida responsible Friday

7

Islamic: Nisfu Sha‘ban (Night of Repentance) 15 Sha‘ban

Saturday

8

16 Sha‘ban
Counterterrorism 2009 68 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Ibrahim Salih Mohammed al-Yacoub

Up to $5 Million Reward

wanted

On 25 June 1996, members of Saudi 

Hizballah carried out a terrorist 

attack on the Khobar Towers housing 

complex near Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. 

At the time, the complex was used 

to house US military personnel. The 

terrorists drove a tanker filled with 

plastic explosives into the parking lot 

and detonated it, all but destroying the 

nearest building. The attack killed 19 US 

servicemen and one Saudi citizen, and 

wounded 372 others of many different 

nationalities.

Ibrahim Salih Mohammed al-Yacoub 

was indicted in the Eastern District 

of Virginia on the following charges: 

Conspiracy to kill US nationals; 

conspiracy to murder US employees; 

conspiracy to use weapons of mass 

destruction against US nationals; 

conspiracy to destroy US property; 

conspiracy to attack national defense 

utilities; bombing resulting in death; 

use of weapons of mass destruction 

against US nationals; murder while using 

a destructive device during a crime of 

violence; murder of federal employees; and 

attempted murder of federal employees.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Ibrahim Salih Mohammed 

al-Yacoub. If you have any information 

concerning this person, please contact 

your local FBI office if you are in 

the United States, or the nearest US 

Embassy or Consulate. If you prefer 

to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use 

the telephone, please call 1-800-US 

REWARDS.

Date of Birth: 16 October 1966

Place of Birth: Saudi Arabia

Height: 5'4" (162 cm)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Citizenship: Saudi Arabia

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Al-Yacoub has a receding 

hairline and may wear a beard.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Ibrahim Salih Muhammad al-Ya’qub 
www.nctc.gov 69 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 August

2002, Pakistan: Grenade blast kills four and injures 25 at Christian missionary hospital 

in Islamabad Sunday

9

17 Sha‘ban

2006, United Kingdom: Police disrupt plot to attack planes flying to United States, arrest over 

20; al-Qa‘ida suspected

1987, Greece: 17 November detonates bomb near bus carrying US airmen; 10 injured

Monday

10

18 Sha‘ban

2001, Philippines: Troops rescue three Filipinos from ASG; one US hostage killed Tuesday

11

19 Sha‘ban

2001, Israel: Suicide bomb attack in restaurant near Haifa kills the bomber and wounds 20; 

Palestine Islamic Jihad suspected Wednesday

12

20 Sha‘ban

Thursday

13

21 Sha‘ban

2003, Thailand: JI key figure, Riduan Isamuddin, a.k.a. Hambali, arrested in Bangkok

1994, Sudan: “Carlos the Jackal” arrested and extradited to France Friday

14

Pakistan: Independence Day 22 Sha‘ban

2007, Iraq: At least 400 killed, hundreds injured in four truck-bomb explosions 

in remote northern desert

2001, India: Bomb attack wounds 18 in Handwara, Kashmir; LT claims responsibility

Saturday

15

23 Sha‘ban
Counterterrorism 2009 70 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Abdelkarim Hussein Mohamed al-Nasser

Up to $5 Million Reward

wanted

On 25 June 1996, members of Saudi 

Hizballah carried out a terrorist 

attack on the Khobar Towers housing 

complex near Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. 

At the time, the complex housed US 

military personnel. The terrorists drove 

a tanker filled with plastic explosives 

into the parking lot and detonated it, all 

but destroying the nearest building. The 

attack killed 19 US servicemen and one 

Saudi citizen, and wounded 372 others of 

many different nationalities.

Abdelkarim Hussein Mohamed 

al-Nasser was indicted in the Eastern 

District of Virginia for that attack, on 

the following charges: Conspiracy to kill 

US nationals; conspiracy to murder US 

employees; conspiracy to use weapons of 

mass destruction against US nationals; 

conspiracy to destroy US property; 

conspiracy to attack national defense 

utilities; bombing resulting in death; 

use of weapons of mass destruction 

against US nationals; murder while using 

a destructive device during a crime of 

violence; murder of federal employees; 

and attempted murder of federal 

employees.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

‘Abd al-Karim Husayn Muhammad al-Nasir

Date of Birth: Between 1942-1952

Place of Birth: Al Ihsa, Saudi Arabia

Height: 5'8" (173 cm)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Citizenship: Saudi Arabia

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/

or conviction of Abdelkarim Hussein 

Mohamed al-Nasser. If you have any 

information concerning this person, 

please contact your local FBI office 

if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If 

you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.
www.nctc.gov 71 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 August

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

1993, Germany: Authorities storm KLM plane hijacked by Egyptian Islamic Jihad after last two 

hostages escape through cockpit window Sunday

16

24 Sha‘ban

1995, France: Bomb explodes near Arc de Triomphe in Paris, wounding 17 Monday

17

Indonesia: Indpendence Day 25 Sha‘ban

2001, Spain: Car bomb explodes in tourist area near Barcelona after warning call; ETA 

responsible 

1987, Sri Lanka: Grenade attack against Parliament kills one legislator

Tuesday

18

26 Sha‘ban

2008, Pakistan: Suicide bomber attacks hospital in Dera Ismail Khan, killing more than 30; 

Taliban elements claim responsibility

2008, Algeria: Suicide car bomber kills 43 in attack on police academy in Issers; no claim of 

responsibility but al-Qa‘ida in Lands of the Islamic Maghreb strongly suspected

2003, Israel: HAMAS suicide bomber detonates bomb aboard bus in Jerusalem, killing 20, 

including five US citizens, and injuring 140 

2003, Iraq: Truck bomb explodes outside UN headquarters, killing 23, including UN official 

Sergio Vieira de Mello, and injuring 100

Wednesday

19

27 Sha‘ban

2008, Algeria: Two synchronized car bombs kill 11 in Bouira; as in 19 August attacks, no claim 

of responsibility but al-Qa‘ida in Lands of the Islamic Maghreb strongly suspected

1998, Afghanistan, Sudan: US cruise missiles strike against terrorist locations in retaliation for 

African embassy bombings

Thursday

20

28 Sha‘ban

2008, Pakistan: Two suicide bombers attack country’s main arms factory in town of Wah, killing 

60; Taliban elements claim responsibility

1999, Pakistan: Two Mohajir Qaumi Movement (MQM) members sentenced to die for murder of 

four US citizens

1995, Israel: HAMAS bomber kills five, wounds 100 on Jerusalem bus

Friday

21

29 Sha‘ban

Saturday

22

Islamic: Ramadan (fasting begins at dawn) 1 Ramadan
Counterterrorism 2009 72 www.nctc.gov

Ramadan

I

slam requires that Ramadan, the ninth 

month of the Muslim calendar, be 

devoted to fasting and prayer. During 

this month, Muslims fast from dawn to 

sunset each day and eat only small meals 

in the evening. Muslims are banned from 

fighting other Muslims during Ramadan, 

but they may engage in combat with 

non-Muslims. Islamic extremists have 

extolled Ramadan as a month of jihad, 

or holy war, against nonbelievers. Many 

Islamic extremists believe that suicide 

operations (“martyrdom”), especially 

if done during Ramadan, guarantee the 

operative a place in paradise. In 2009, 

Ramadan is expected to begin on 22 

August and run through 20 September.

Night of Power

(Laylat al-Qadr) 

Islamic extremists might consider 

Laylat al-Qadr (“Night of Power”) 

especially auspicious for a terrorist 

attack. Islamic tradition holds that on 

this night rewards for deeds pleasing 

to Allah are magnified a thousandfold; 

extremists, in particular, believe that 

the gates of heaven are opened then for 

those who wage “jihad” in defense of 

Islam to enter paradise. While there is 

much debate, Islamic scholars generally 

agree that the most likely date for Laylat 

al-Qadr to occur each year is the evening 

of the 27th day of Ramadan—the 

anniversary of Allah’s first revelation to 

the Prophet Muhammad of the Quran—

which is expected to be the night of 

17-18 September in 2009. However, 

many scholars believe that other likely 

dates for Laylat al-Qadr are the evenings 

of the 21st, 23rd, 25th, or 29th day of 

Ramadan. Some scholars teach that any 

of the last 10 evenings of Ramadan are 

potential dates for Laylat al-Qadr.

The Battle of Badr 

A second date during the month 

when Islamic extremists might consider 

it auspicious to attack is the anniversary 

of the Battle of Badr, the 17th day of 

Ramadan. Muhammad and his army 

fought this battle against non-Islamic 

combatants in the face of overwhelming 

odds. It is considered to have laid the 

foundation for the Islamic State. In 2009, 

the 17th day of Ramadan is expected to 

be on 7 September.

The Lunar Calendar

and Holiday Observance

The Islamic calendar is based on the 

movement and observation of the moon. 

The Islamic year contains 12 months, 

none of which can exceed 30 days. Each 

month starts when the lunar crescent is 

first seen after a new moon. Because 12 

lunar months multiplied by 29.53 days 

equals 354.36 days, the Islamic calendar 

will always be approximately 11 days 

shorter than the Western, or Gregorian, 

calendar. For example, 1 Muharram, the 

first day of Islamic year 1431 (known 

in the West by the Latin term Anno 

Hegirae,or A.H.), falls on 18 December 

2009; in A.H. 1432, 1 Muharram falls 

on 8 December 2010. As explained in 

the footnotes of this calendar, holidays 

begin the sundown of the previous 

day. Because of lunar observation and 

differences in time zones, the observance 

of Islamic holidays may vary from 

region to region.
www.nctc.gov 73 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 August

2001, Colombia: Car bomb outside police station in Marintilla kills one and wounds 25; ELN 

blamed Sunday

23

2 Ramadan

1975, France: Turkish ambassador to France and driver killed in Paris; Secret Army for the 

Liberation of Armenia responsible Monday

24

3 Ramadan

1983, West Germany: Carlos-led group bombs French cultural center in West Berlin, killing one 

and wounding 23 Tuesday

25

4 Ramadan

Wednesday

26

5 Ramadan

Thursday

27

6 Ramadan

1999, Yemen: Car bomb kills six and wounds 12; Army of Aden-Abyan suspected Friday

28

7 Ramadan

2003, Iraq: Shia Muslim cleric Ayatollah al-Hakim assassinated in Basra

2001, Canada: Mahmoud Jaballah arrested for involvement in 1998 al-Qa‘ida bombing of US 

embassies in Africa

1995, Georgia: President Shevardnadze wounded in car-bomb attack

Saturday

29

8 Ramadan
Counterterrorism 2009 74 www.nctc.gov

Abu Bakar Bashir

Noordin Mohammad Top

Jemaah Islamiya (JI) 

Jemaah Islamiya (JI) is an Indonesiabased Islamic extremist group with 

cells operating throughout Southeast 

Asia. The group’s stated goal is to create 

an Islamic state—or caliphate—that 

would encompass Malaysia, Singapore, 

Indonesia, Brunei, the southern 

Philippines, and southern Thailand. JI 

has been responsible for several major, 

lethal bombings against Western targets 

in Indonesia, including the attack on a 

nightclub in Bali in 2002 in which 202 

people were killed; the car bombing 

of the Jakarta Marriott hotel in 2003; 

the truck bombing of the Australian 

Embassy in 2004; and the October 2005 

bombings of tourist sites in Bali that 

killed 23 and injured over 100.

JI spiritual leader Abu Bakar Bashir 

was released from prison in June 

2006. However, authorities detained 

operations chief Hambali in August 

2003, killed chief bombmaker Azahari 

in November 2005, and, in June 2007, 

arrested acting JI Emir Zarkasih and 

the group’s military commander Abu 

Dujanah. Police continue to hunt 

other senior JI leaders and 

operatives—including 

Noordin Mohammed 

Top—who are at large in 

Indonesia and elsewhere 

in Southeast Asia. 

In 2008, two JI operatives, Agus 

Purwantoro and Abu Husna, were 

captured in Malaysia and transferred 

to Indonesian police custody. In April 

2008, an Indonesian court sentenced 

two of JI’s senior leaders, Abu Dujana 

and Zarkasih, to 15 years in prison and 

labeled JI a terrorist group. In July, 

Indonesian police seized explosives and 

arrested 10 members of a JI cell in south 

Sumatra, including one Singaporan JI 

member, disrupting operational plans 

to attack specific Christian and Western 

targets.

INDONESI A

THAI.

BUR.

PHILIPPINES

MALAYSIA

Jemaah Islamiya flag
www.nctc.gov 75 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 August/September

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

2001, Sri Lanka: LTTE bomb outside municipal building in Kalunai kills three and wounds seven Sunday

30

9 Ramadan

2006, Thailand: One killed as more than 20 bombs explode almost simultaneously 

inside banks in south

2004, Israel: Two HAMAS bus bombings kill 16 in Beersheba 

2001, Algeria: Islamic militants blamed for two attacks that kill 13

Monday

31

Islamic: Occupation of Mecca by Muhammad’s army, 630 C.E.

Islamic: Death of Khadija (Prophet Muhammad’s wife; approximate) 10 Ramadan

2004, Russia: During 1-3 September, Chechen-associated terrorists attack Beslan school, killing 

at least 330, wounding 776 

1970, Jordan: Palestinian guerrillas expelled from country; Black September takes its name from 

this day

Tuesday

1

Libya: National Day 11 Ramadan

2000, West Bank: Palestinians sentence HAMAS bombmaker Mahmud Abu-Hanud to 12 years 

1999, Sri Lanka: LTTE suicide bomber kills top Tamil militia leader who supported Sri Lankan 

Army

Wednesday

2

12 Ramadan

Thursday

3

13 Ramadan

2006, Philippines: ASG commander Khadafi Janjalani dies in shootout on Jolo island

1999, Russia: Bombing of apartment building in Dagestan kills 64 Friday

4

14 Ramadan

2006, Denmark: Police arrest nine on charges of plotting terrorist attack; chemicals, materials 

for explosives seized

1972, West Germany: Israeli athletes held hostage at Munich Olympics by Black September; 

11 killed on 6 September

Saturday

5

15 Ramadan
Counterterrorism 2009 76 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Zulkifli bin Hir

Up to $5 Million Reward

wanted

Zulkifli bin Hir, an engineer trained in 

the United States, is believed to be 

the head of the Kumpulun Mujahidin 

Malaysia (KMM) terrorist organization 

and a member of Jemaah Islamiyah’s 

central command. Since August 2003, 

he has been present in the Philippines, 

where he is believed to have conducted 

bombmaking training for the Abu 

Sayyaf Group.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Zulkifli bin Hir. If you 

have any information concerning this 

person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Date of Birth: Has used 5 January 1966 and 10 October 1966 

Place of Birth: Muar, Johor, Malaysia

Citizenship: Malaysia

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Zulkifli, Zulkifli Hir, Zulkifli Abdul Hir, Musa Abdul Hir, Musa, Marwan, Zulkifli bin 

Abdul Hir, Musa Abdul, Abdul Hir bin Zulkifli 
www.nctc.gov 77 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 September

1986, Turkey: ANO kills 21 in attack on Istanbul synagogue Sunday

6

16 Ramadan

1995, France: Car bomb explodes outside Jewish school in Lyon, wounding 14; GIA suspected Monday

7

US: Labor Day

Islamic: Battle of Badr, 624 C.E. 17 Ramadan

1999, Russia: Bombing of Moscow apartment building kills 94; Islamic Dagestan Liberation 

Army claims responsibility Tuesday

8

18 Ramadan

2004, Indonesia: Al-Qa‘ida attacks Australian Embassy in Jakarta, killing 10 and wounding 150 

2003, Israel: Suicide bomber kills eight persons, including two US citizens, near the Asaf Harolfe 

Hospital; no responsible group identified 

2001, Afghanistan: Opposition leader Ahmad Shah Masood killed by two al-Qa‘ida suicide 

bombers

Wednesday

9

19 Ramadan

2001, Colombia: FARC leader German Briceno is sentenced in abstentia to 40 years for murder 

of three US activists Thursday

10

20 Ramadan

2001, US: Four passenger planes hijacked; two crash into World Trade Center in New York City; 

one crashes into Pentagon; fourth crashes into field in Shanksville, PA; nearly 3,000 

killed; Usama Bin Ladin and al-Qa‘ida responsible

Friday

11

US: Patriot Day 21 Ramadan

2000, Libya agrees to cooperate in the Berlin disco bombing investigation Saturday

12

22 Ramadan
Counterterrorism 2009 78 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

wanted

On 12 October 2002, a suicide 

bomber entered the Sari Nightclub 

in Bali, Indonesia, and detonated a 

bomb in his backpack. Fifteen seconds 

later, those fleeing the club were met 

with another attack when a powerful car 

bomb was detonated across the street at 

Paddy’s Irish Bar. The final death toll 

was 202, including seven Americans. 

These victims were citizens of more 

than 20 different countries, primarily 

young tourists on vacation. Hundreds of 

others suffered severe burns and other 

injuries. Several members of the Jemaah 

Islamiyah terrorist group have been 

convicted in relation to this attack.

Dulmatin is believed to be one of the 

masterminds responsible for planning 

these attacks, which are the deadliest acts 

of terrorism in Indonesian history. He is 

an electronics specialist with training in 

al-Qa‘ida camps in Afghanistan, and is a 

senior figure in Jemaah Islamiyah.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $10 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Dulmatin. If you have 

any information concerning this person, 

please contact your local FBI office 

if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If 

you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Amar Usman, Joko Pitoyo, Joko Pitono, Abdul Matin, Pitono, Muktarmar, Djoko, 

Noval

Age: Late 30s

Height: 5'7" (172 cm)

Weight: 155 lbs (70 kg)

Hair: Brown

Eyes: Brown

Complexion: Brown

Dulmatin

Up to $10 Million Reward
www.nctc.gov 79 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 September

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

1993, Israel and PLO sign peace agreement Sunday

13

23 Ramadan

2003, Colombia: ELN militants kidnap four Israelis, two Britons, one German, and one Spaniard 

1986, South Korea: Bomb at Kimpo airport kills five and wounds 29; North Korea blamed Monday

14

24 Ramadan

2003, Russia: Truck-bomb attack on government security building in Moscow kills three Tuesday

15

25 Ramadan

Wednesday

16

Islamic: Laylat al-Qadr (Night of Power, the night of revelation of Quran to Muhammad; 

begins this evening) 26 Ramadan

2008, Yemen: Two car bombs detonate outside US Embassy in Sanaa, killing 19; group called 

Yemen Islamic Jihad claims responsibility but al-Qa‘ida in Yemen strongly suspected

1992, Germany: Four Iranian Kurds killed in Berlin’s Mykonos restaurant

Thursday

17

27 Ramadan

1997, Egypt: Bomb attack on Cairo tourist bus by two Muslim militants kills nine Germans Friday

18

28 Ramadan

1989, UTA Flight 772 to Paris explodes over Niger, killing 170; Libya held responsible Saturday

19

Jewish: Rosh Hashanah (1st day) 29 Ramadan
Counterterrorism 2009 80 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Umar Patek

Up to $1 Million Reward

wanted

Umar Patek, a member of Jemaah 

Islamiyah, is believed to have served 

as the assistant for the field coordinator 

of the 2002 nightclub bombings in Bali, 

Indonesia, which killed 202 people, 

including seven US citizens. Patek is of 

Javanese Arabic extraction.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $1 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or

conviction of Umar Patek. If you 

have any information concerning this 

person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Date of Birth: 1970

Height: 5'3" (166 cm)

Weight: 130 - 135 lbs (60 kg)

Hair: Brown

Eyes: Brown

Complexion: Brown

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Umar Kecil, Umar (Arab), Pa’tek, Pak Taek, Abu Syekh, Zacky 
www.nctc.gov 81 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 September

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

2008, Pakistan: Truck bomb attack against Marriott Hotel in Islamabad kills more than 60, 

wounds 200; al-Qa‘ida strongly suspected

2003, Iraq: Governing Council member Akila al-Hashimi killed in Baghdad

2001, US, EU pledge partnership against terrorism 

1984, Lebanon: Islamic Jihad Organization responsible for truck bomb at US Embassy annex in 

Beirut; 23 killed

Sunday

20

Rosh Hashanah (2nd Day) 30 Ramadan

Monday

21

Islamic: Eid al-Fitr (feast of fast-breaking after Ramadan; lasts 3 days) 1 Shawwal

2004, Israel: Female al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade bomber kills two in Jerusalem Tuesday

22

2 Shawwal

2003, Algeria: GSPC explodes two bombs near police vehicle, killing three 

1983, UAE: Omani Gulf Aircraft bombed; 111 killed, including one US citizen Wednesday

23

Saudi Arabia: Unification of the Kingdom 3 Shawwal

2002, India: Militants attack Hindu temple, killing 31; LT suspected Thursday

24

4 Shawwal

2002, Pakistan: Militants kill seven at Christian charity in Karachi Friday

25

5 Shawwal

2004, Syria: Car bomb kills HAMAS leader Izz al-Din Shaykh Khalil in Damascus 

2001, France: Police arrest seven suspected Islamic extremists linked to Bin Ladin network 

headed by Djamel Beghal

Saturday

26

6 Shawwal
Counterterrorism 2009 82 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Noordin Mohammad Top

wanted

Noordin Mohammad Top is one of 

the most dangerous members of 

Jemaah Islamiyah (JI). He is believed 

to be a top recruiter, strategist, and 

fundraiser for the group. 

Despite being one of the top targets 

of regional security forces, Noordin 

has repeatedly escaped their grasp. A 

Malaysian national, he and Dr. Azahari 

bin Husin were the masterminds behind 

several suicide attacks in Indonesia, 

including the Bali bombings in October 

2005 that injured several Americans. 

Noordin is also suspected of having 

orchestrated several other terrorist 

attacks in Indonesia, including the 

12 October 2002 Bali attack, which killed 

202 people and injured 209; the 5 August 

2003 Marriott Hotel bombing in Jakarta, 

Indonesia; and the 9 September 2004 

bombing of the Australian Embassy in 

Jakarta, which killed several individuals 

and wounded more than 140 others.

Noordin has been the leading 

proponent of targeting Western interests 

in Indonesia. In addition to the two 

Bali and two Jakarta attacks, Noordin 

has ordered his operatives to conduct 

reconnaissance on a large foreign-owned 

power plant southeast of Surabaya. 

In January 2006, he announced the 

formation of a new organization, 

Tanzim Qa‘idat al-Jihad, although it is 

still unclear whether this is a distinctly 

independent organization from JI.

Noordin has been designated by the 

US Treasury Department and the UN 

Security Council as a terrorist financier. 

He remains one of the most important 

JI figures at large. He is a charismatic 

leader and a recruiter, and has proven to 

be innovative and single-minded in his 

desire to implement the al-Qa‘ida line 

and target Western interests.

Reward

If you have any information 

concerning Noordin Mohammad Top, 

please contact your local FBI office 

if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If 

you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Date of Birth: 11 August 1968

Place of Birth: Johor, Malaysia

Nationality: Malaysia

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Noordin Muh Top, Noordin Mat Top, Noordin Din Moch Top 
www.nctc.gov 83 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 September/October

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

1987, Greece: US commissary bombed, killing one; Revolutionary Popular Struggle (ELA) 

responsible Sunday

27

7 Shawwal

2000, Philippines: ASG leader killed, two others wounded in military bid to rescue hostages Monday

28

Jewish: Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement) 8 Shawwal

2003, Colombia: FARC motorcycle bomb explodes, killing 10 and injuring 54, 

including three police officers 

1998, Sri Lanka: Lionair flight from Jaffna to Colombo shot down, killing 55; LTTE blamed

Tuesday

29

9 Shawwal

Wednesday

30

10 Shawwal

2005, Bali: Resort bombings kill 26 and injure more than 100; JI bombmaker Azahari bin Husin 

believed responsible 

1995, US: Shaykh Umar ‘Abd al-Rahman convicted in plot to blow up UN Headquarters and other 

landmarks in New York

Thursday

1

11 Shawwal

2000, Sri Lanka: LTTE suicide bombing kills 23 and wounds 54 in attack contesting elections Friday

2

12 Shawwal

1996, Greece: Bomb explodes under car of Greek NATO officer in Athens; 17 November blamed Saturday

3

Jewish: Sukkot (Feast of Tabernacles; 1st day) 13 Shawwal
Counterterrorism 2009 84 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Zulkarnaen

wanted

Zulkarnaen is one of al-Qa‘ida’s point 

men in Southeast Asia and is one of 

the few people in Indonesia who have 

direct contact with Usama Bin Ladin’s 

terror network. Zulkarnaen earned a 

degree in biology from an Indonesian 

university, and in the 1980s he was 

among the first Indonesian militants to 

go to Afghanistan for training to become 

an expert in sabotage. Zulkarnaen 

now leads a squad of militants called 

Laskar Khos, or “special force,” whose 

members were recruited from some 300 

Indonesians who trained in Afghanistan 

and the Philippines.

Zulkarnaen was a protégé of Abdullah 

Sungkar, founder of JI and the Islamic 

boarding school al-Mukmin where 

Zulkarnaen and other senior militants 

studied. In the mid-1980s, Sungkar 

sent a small group of Indonesians to 

Afghanistan to train in a camp led by 

mujahidin commander Abdul Rasul 

Sayyaf. Before Sungkar’s death in 

1999, Zulkarnaen was often seen by 

his mentor’s side, helping to organize 

conferences and arrange the agenda of 

the elder radical.

Zulkarnaen, whose real name is Aris 

Sumarsono, is called Daud by fellow 

militants. US and Indonesian officials 

state that Zulkarnaen became operations 

chief for Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) after the 

arrest of his alleged predecessor, Riduan 

Isamuddin, also known as Hambali, in 

Thailand. Zulkarnaen is described by 

those who know him as a small man of 

few words.

Zulkarnaen has been identified as 

possibly the highest-ranking leader of the 

Southeast Asian terrorist group Jemaah 

Islamiyah. He is believed to head the 

elite squad that helped carry out the 

suicide bombing at Jakarta’s Marriott 

Hotel that killed 12 people in 2003 and 

helped to prepare the bombs that killed 

202 people in Bali in 2002.

Reward

If you have any information 

concerning Zulkarnaen, please contact 

your local FBI office if you are in 

the United States, or the nearest US 

Embassy or Consulate. If you prefer 

to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use 

the telephone, please call 1-800-US 

REWARDS.

Date of Birth: 1963

Place of Birth: Central Java, Jakarta

Build: Thin, small

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Aris Sumarsono, Zulkarnaen, Daud
www.nctc.gov 85 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 October

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

2000, Peru: Shining Path leader Carlos Fernandez is captured Sunday

4

Jewish: Sukkot (Feast of Tabernacles; 2nd day) 14 Shawwal

2000, Sri Lanka: LTTE suicide bomber kills 10 and wounds more than 35 at election rally Monday

5

15 Shawwal

2002, French oil tanker Limburg attacked and damaged off the coast of Yemen; one killed and 

four wounded; al-Qa‘ida responsible 

1981, Egypt: President Sadat assassinated by Egyptian Islamic Jihad 

1973, Middle East: Yom Kippur War begins

Tuesday

6

16 Shawwal

2004, Egypt: Terrorists car-bomb Hilton resort in Taba, two other tourist areas; 34 killed, more 

than 100 wounded

2001, Afghanistan: US-led coalition begins military campaign in response to 9/11 attacks

1985, Hijacking of Achille Lauro cruise ship; one US citizen killed

Wednesday

7

17 Shawwal

2002, Kuwait: Al-Qa‘ida associates attack US Marines on exercise, killing one Thursday

8

18 Shawwal

1983, Burma: North Korean commandos attack a South Korean state delegation visiting 

Rangoon, killing 21 Burmese and Korean officials Friday

9

19 Shawwal

Saturday

10

Jewish: Shemini Atzeret (Assembly of the Eighth Day) 20 Shawwal
Counterterrorism 2009 86 www.nctc.gov

Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ)

The PIJ was formed by militant 

Palestinians in the Gaza Strip during 

the 1970s. The group is committed to 

the creation of an Islamic state in all of 

historical Palestine and the destruction 

of Israel through attacks against Israeli 

military and civilian targets. The group’s 

central leadership resides in Syria, but 

PIJ maintains small regional offices in 

Beirut and Tehran. PIJ receives financial 

assistance primarily from Iran. PIJ 

refuses to participate in the Palestinian 

Authority’s political process and 

rejects all negotiations with Israel. The 

group’s paramilitary wing—the al-Quds 

Brigades—has conducted numerous 

attacks, including large-scale suicide 

bombings. PIJ carried out a suicide 

bombing in the southern Israeli city 

of Eilat in January 2007, killing three 

people—the first suicide bombing in 

the city. The group also has conducted 

numerous rocket attacks against Israeli 

targets near the Gaza Strip using 

indigenously produced rockets. 

Despite deaths and 

arrests of leaders in the 

West Bank and the Gaza 

Strip in 2008, the group 

remained active—mostly 

by firing rockets from the Gaza Strip. 

Although US citizens have died in 

attacks mounted by the PIJ, the group 

has not directly targeted US interests.

LEBANON

ISRAEL

WEST 

BANK

GAZA STRIP

EGYPT

JORDAN

SYRIA

ePIJ logo
www.nctc.gov 87 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 October

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

1993, Norway: Norwegian publisher of The Satanic Verses is shot three times by unknown 

gunman but survives Sunday

11

Jewish: Simchat Torah (Rejoicing in the Torah) 21 Shawwal

2004, Gaza Strip: Israelis kill senior HAMAS leader and explosives expert Adnan Ghul 

2002, Indonesia: Multiple car bombs explode outside nightclubs in Bali, killling 202; JI 

responsible 

2000, Yemen: Bombing of USS Cole kills 17 and wounds 39; Usama Bin Ladin 

and al‐Qa‘ida responsible

Monday

12

US: Columbus Day 22 Shawwal

Tuesday

13

23 Shawwal

Wednesday

14

24 Shawwal

2003, Gaza Strip: Palestinian terrorists bomb a US Embassy motorcade, killing three diplomatic 

security contractors 

1997, Egypt: Three EIJ leaders are sentenced to death for terrorist acts

Thursday

15

25 Shawwal

2000, Saudi Arabia: Two Saudis commandeer flight to Baghdad, then surrender; 104 hostages 

released unharmed 

1997, Sri Lanka: LTTE truck bomb at hotel next to Trade Center in Colombo kills 18 and wounds 

more than 100, including seven US citizens

Friday

16

26 Shawwal

2001, Israel: Cabinet Minister Rehav‘am Ze‘evi is killed by PFLP

1995, France: Paris Metro bombing wounds 30; GIA suspected Saturday

17

27 Shawwal
Counterterrorism 2009 88 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Ramadan Abdullah Mohammad Shallah

Up to $5 Million Reward

wanted

Ramadan Abdullah Mohammad 

Shallah is wanted for conspiracy 

to conduct the affairs of the Palestine 

Islamic Jihad (PIJ), a specially 

designated terrorist organization, 

through a pattern of racketeering 

activities such as bombings, murder, 

extortion, and money laundering. 

Shallah was one of the original founding 

members of the PIJ and since 1995 has 

been the secretary-general and leader of 

the organization, which is headquartered 

in Damascus, Syria.

Shallah was listed as a “Specially 

Designated Terrorist” under US law on 

27 November 1995 and was indicted 

on 53 counts in the US District Court, 

Middle District of Florida, in 2003.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $5 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Ramadan Shallah. If you 

have any information concerning this 

person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Date of Birth: 1 January 1958

Place of Birth: Sajaya, Gaza Strip

Height: 6'1" (185 cm)

Weight: 225 lbs (102 kg)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Complexion: Light

Nationality: Palestinian

Languages: Arabic, English

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Ramadan Shallah, Rashad, Mohamad el-Fatih, Mahmoud, Radwan, al-Shaer, 

Abu Abdullah, Ramadan Abdullah, Ramadan ‘Abdallah Muhammad Shallah, 

Dr. Ramadan Abdullah Shallah 
www.nctc.gov 89 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 October

2003, Indonesia: Imam Samudra sentenced to death for role in 12 October 2002 bombing in Bali Sunday

18

28 Shawwal

2000, Sri Lanka: LTTE suicide bomber wounds 23, including three US tourists, in an attack 

against town hall near Colombo Monday

19

29 Shawwal

1981, Belgium: Antwerp synagogue bombed, killing two and wounding 99; bomber unknown Tuesday

20

1 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2002, Israel: Car bomb explodes next to bus in Karkur, killing 19; PIJ suspected Wednesday

21

2 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2000, Spain: ETA car bomb kills prison officer in Basque capital, Vitoria Thursday

22

3 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2002, Russia: Fifty Chechens seize Podshipnikov Zavod Theater in Moscow, taking over 800 

hostages; all Chechens and 124 hostages, including one American, killed during rescue 

1983, Lebanon: Islamic Jihad bombs US Marine barracks in Beirut, killing 241 US Marines and 

58 French paratroopers

Friday

23

4 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2004, Iraq: Islamic Army in Baghdad kills one US State Department officer, wounds one Saturday

24

5 Dhu al-Qa‘dah
Counterterrorism 2009 90 www.nctc.gov

www.fbi.gov

Abd Al Aziz Awda

FBI Most Wanted

wanted

Abd Al Aziz Awda is wanted for 

conspiracy to conduct the affairs 

of the designated international terrorist 

organization known as the Palestine 

Islamic Jihad (PIJ) through a pattern 

of racketeering activities such as 

bombings, murders, extortions, and 

money laundering. Awda was one of the 

original founders and the spiritual leader 

of the PIJ and is presently still involved 

in the organization, whose headquarters 

is in Damascus, Syria. He was listed 

as a “Specially Designated Terrorist” 

under United States law on 23 January 

1995. Awda was indicted in a 53 count 

indictment in the United States District 

Court, Middle District of Florida, 

Tampa, Florida.

Awda was educated in Arab and 

Islamic Studies in Cairo, Egypt. He has 

worked as a lecturer at a university and 

as an Imam at a Mosque, both of which 

were located in the Gaza Strip. 

REMARKS

Should be considered armed and 

dangerous. If you have any information 

concerning this person, please contact 

your local FBI office or the nearest 

American Embassy or Consulate.

Date of Birth: 20 December 1950

Place of Birth: Jabaliya, Gaza Strip

Citizenship: Palestinian

Languages: Arabic, English

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Complexion: Light

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: He normally wears a 

moustache and a beard.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Sheik Odeh, Abdel Aziz Odeh, Abd Al Aziz Odeh, Abed Al Aziz Odeh, Abu Ahmed, 

Sheik Awda, Fadl Abu Ahmed, Al Sheik, The Sheik, Mawlana, ‘Abd al-Aziz Awda
www.nctc.gov 91 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 October

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

Sunday

25

6 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

1995, Malta: Palestine Islamic Jihad leader Fathi al-Shaqaqi killed by unknown assassin Monday

26

7 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

Tuesday

27

8 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2002, Jordan: USAID official Laurence Foley is assassinated in Amman 

2001, Philippines: ASG bomb in Zamboanga kills 11 and wounds 50 Wednesday

28

9 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2005, India: Bombings in New Delhi kill 55, wound close to 200; Islamic Inquilab Mahaz group 

claims responsibility

1975, West Germany: Three Black September terrorists hijack Lufthansa plane and demand 

release of those who committed 1972 Olympics massacre; hijackers are captured but all 

later released

Thursday

29

10 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2000, Spain: Judge and two aides killed and more than 30 wounded in ETA car bomb attack 

in Madrid Friday

30

Islamic: Birthday of ‘Ali (Shia) 11 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

1984, India: Prime Minister Indira Gandhi assassinated by her Sikh bodyguards; many Sikhs 

killed in retaliation for her death Saturday

31

Halloween 12 Dhu al-Qa‘dah
Counterterrorism 2009 92 www.nctc.gov

The ASG is the most violent of the 

Islamic separatist groups operating 

in the southern Philippines and claims 

to promote an independent Islamic 

state in western Mindanao and the 

Sulu Archipelago. Split from the Moro 

National Liberation Front in the early 

1990s, the group currently engages in 

kidnappings for ransom, bombings, 

assassinations, and extortion, and 

has ties to Jemaah Islamiya (JI). The 

ASG operates mainly in Basilan, Sulu, 

and Tawi-Tawi Provinces in the Sulu 

Archipelago, and has a presence on 

Mindanao. Members also occasionally 

travel to Manila.

The ASG has used terror both for 

financial profit and to promote its 

jihadist agenda. In April 2000 an ASG 

faction kidnapped 21 persons—including 

10 Westerners—from a Malaysian resort, 

and, in May 2001, the ASG kidnapped 

three US citizens and 17 Filipinos 

from a resort in Palawan, Philippines, 

later murdering several of 

the hostages, including 

one US citizen. On 27 

February 2004 members 

of Khadafi Janjalani’s 

faction bombed a ferry 

in Manila Bay, killing 116, and on 

14 February 2005 they perpetrated 

simultaneous bombings in the cities of 

Manila, General Santos, and Davao, 

killing at least eight and injuring about 

150. In 2006 ASG leader Janjalani’s 

faction relocated to Sulu, where they 

joined forces with local ASG supporters 

who are providing shelter to fugitive JI 

members from Indonesia. 

In July 2007, the ASG and Moro 

Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) 

engaged a force of Philippine marines 

on Basilan Island, killing 14, of which 

10 were beheaded. In November 2007, 

a motorcycle bomb exploded outside 

the Philippine Congress, killing a 

Congressman and three staff members. 

While there was no definitive claim 

of responsibility, three suspected 

ASG members were arrested during a 

subsequent raid on a safehouse. 

Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG)

PHILIPPINES
www.nctc.gov 93 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 November

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

1950, US: Two Puerto Rican Nationalist Party members attempt to assassinate President 

Truman Sunday

1

Christian: All Saints Day 13 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2000, Colombia: ELN releases remaining 21 hostages kidnapped from Cali on 17 September 

1990 Monday

2

14 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

Tuesday

3

15 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2001, Israel: US citizen killed in shooting attack on bus in Jerusalem; assailant killed and 35 

wounded; PIJ claims responsibility 

1979, Iran: US Embassy in Tehran seized, 66 taken hostage

Wednesday

4

Islamic: Death of ‘Ali al-Rida‘, eighth Shia Imam 16 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

Thursday

5

17 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2001, Spain: ETA car bomb during rush hour in Madrid injures 100 Friday

6

18 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

1985, Colombia: More than 100 die in M-19 seizure of Supreme Court building Saturday

7

19 Dhu al-Qa‘dah
Counterterrorism 2009 94 www.nctc.gov

www.rewardsforjustice.net

Isnilon Hapilon

Up to $1 Million Reward

wanted

I

snilon Hapilon is a senior leader of the 

Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG), a foreign 

terrorist organization operating in the 

southern Philippines. The group and 

its leadership are integrated with the 

worldwide network of Islamic terrorists, 

including Jemaah Islamiyah and 

al-Qa‘ida.

On 27 May 2001, the ASG kidnapped 

three American citizens from the 

Dos Palmas Resort on Palawan in 

the Philippines. The three Americans 

were identified as Guillermo Sobero 

and Martin and Gracia Burnham, 

an American missionary couple. On 

11 June 2001, ASG spokesman Abu 

Sabaya claimed Guillermo Sobero had 

been executed as a “birthday present” for 

Philippine President Gloria MacapagalArroyo. On 7 October 2001, a human 

skull was recovered from Basilan Island, 

which was found to be that of Guillermo 

Sobero. In June 2002, Martin Burnham 

died in a crossfire between Filipino 

soldiers and the ASG; Gracia Burnham 

was injured but was rescued and 

repatriated to the United States. Isnilon 

Hapilon was involved in the Dos Palmas 

attack.

Hapilon was indicted in the District 

of Columbia for his alleged involvement 

in terrorist acts against US nationals and 

other foreign nationals in and around the 

Republic of the Philippines.

Reward

The Rewards for Justice program, 

US Department of State, is offering up 

to $1 million for information leading 

directly to the apprehension and/or 

conviction of Isnilon Hapilon. If you 

have any information concerning this 

person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or 

the nearest US Embassy or Consulate. 

If you prefer to use E-mail, send your 

information to rfj@state.gov. If you 

prefer to use the telephone, please call 

1-800-US REWARDS.

Date of Birth: Approximately 1966

Place of Birth: Possibly Lantawan, Basilan

Height: Approximately 5'5" to 5'7" (165-170 cm)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Complexion: Tan

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Skinny; may have chin 

hair and slight mustache. Isnilon Hapilon is liked by peers, and is 

proud and confident in his abilities.

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Abubakar Hapilon, Amah Hi Omar, Abu Omar, Abubakar, Bakkal 
www.nctc.gov 95 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 November

1987, United Kingdom: Thirteen killed by PIRA bomb during Remembrance Day celebration Sunday

8

20 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2005, Jordan: Three near-simultaneous bomb attacks against Western hotels in Amman kill 

more than 50, injure 110; al-Qa‘ida in Iraq claims responsibility

2003, Saudi Arabia: Eighteen killed, 122 injured in bomb attack on residential compound in 

Riyadh; no claim of responsibility but al-Qa‘ida suspected

Monday

9

21 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2000, Spain: Five suspected ETA members of Vizcaya commando group are arrested in Bilbao Tuesday

10

22 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2000, Kuwait: Seven arrested in crackdown on groups planning to bomb US military targets Wednesday

11

US: Veterans Day 23 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2003, Iraq: Italian Carabinieri barracks bombed, killing four Iraqi citizens; no claim of 

responsibility

1997, Pakistan: Four US citizens and one Pakistani driver killed in Karachi ambush

Thursday

12

24 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

1995, Saudi Arabia: Car bomb at US military advisors’ facility in Riyadh kills seven, wounds 

more than 60; Saudis with ties to Bin Ladin arrested Friday

13

25 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2002, US: Mir Amal Kansi executed for 1993 murder of two CIA employees Saturday

14

26 Dhu al-Qa‘dah
Counterterrorism 2009 96 www.nctc.gov

The al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade 

comprises an unknown number of 

small cells of Fatah-affiliated activists 

that emerged at the outset of the second 

Palestinian uprising or al-Aqsa Intifadah 

in September 2000. Al-Aqsa’s goal is 

to drive the Israeli military and settlers 

from the West Bank and establish a 

Palestinian state loyal to the secular 

nationalist Fatah ideology. Al-Aqsa 

employed primarily small-arms attacks 

against Israeli military personnel and 

settlers as the uprising spread in 2000, 

but by 2002 they turned increasingly to 

suicide bombings against Israeli civilians 

inside Israel. In January 2002, the group 

claimed responsibility for the first female 

suicide bombing inside Israel. After a 

deadly al-Aqsa bombing in March 2002, 

the United States designated the group a 

Foreign Terrorist Organization.

Al-Aqsa members operate largely in 

the West Bank but have also conducted 

attacks inside Israel and the Gaza Strip. 

The group has killed US 

citizens, most of them 

dual US-Israeli citizens, 

in its attacks. It has 

members in refugee 

camps in southern 

Lebanon and overseas but has not 

demonstrated the capability or intent to 

conduct transnational terrorist attacks. 

Al-Aqsa cells operate with autonomy, 

and there are multiple splinter factions, 

though they remained ideologically loyal 

to Palestinian Authority (PA) President 

‘Arafat until his death in 2004. Many 

al-Aqsa cells suspended anti-Israeli 

attacks as part of the broader unilateral 

Palestinian cease-fire agreement during 

2005, though others did not, highlighting 

the absence of central leadership or 

control. 

After the June 2007 HAMAS takeover 

of the Gaza Strip, al-Aqsa Martyrs cells 

in the territory stepped up rocket attacks 

against Israel. Published media reports 

claim Iran provides support to various 

al-Aqsa cells in an effort to sustain antiIsraeli attacks. 

In 2007 and 2008, more than 200 

West Bank al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade 

elements participated in an IsraeliPalestinian Authority amnesty program 

in which they promised to cease antiIsraeli violence and surrender their 

weapons. By June 2008, however, the 

program remained fragile and threatened 

to collapse in the midst of escalating 

Israeli-Palestinian violence resulting 

from Israeli incursions in the West Bank 

that targeted al-Aqsa members and 

produced large numbers of Palestinian 

casualties. 

Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade 

LEBANON

ISRAEL

WEST 

BANK

GAZA STRIP

EGYPT

JORDAN

SYRIA

eAl-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade logo 
www.nctc.gov 97 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 November

1983, Greece: US Navy Captain George Tsantes killed in Athens; 17 November responsible Sunday

15

27 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

Monday

16

28 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

1997, Egypt: Al-Gama‘at al-Islamiyya attack at Temple of Hatshepsut in Luxor leaves 71 dead 

1973, Greece: Student uprising quashed by military and riot police, multiple dead and injured; 

17 November takes its name from this incident

Tuesday

17

29 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2000, Philippines: Car bomb explodes in Carmen, killing one and wounding two; grenade 

wounds three more in Isulan; MILF suspected Wednesday

18

30 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

1995, Pakistan: Egyptian Embassy in Islamabad bombed by EIJ Thursday

19

1 Dhu al-Hijjah

2003, Turkey: Vehicle explodes in front of British Consulate General, killing 30 and wounding 

450; al-Qa‘ida claims responsibility 

2000, Gaza: Roadside bomb targeting Israeli school bus kills two and wounds 10; 

HAMAS responsible

Friday

20

2 Dhu al-Hijjah

2002, Lebanon: Female US citizen shot as she enters church-run facility in Sidon; 

‘Asbat al‐Ansar suspected 

2000, Sri Lanka: LTTE starts "Heroes Week" with grenade attack on army patrol, killing two 

civilians and wounding two 

Saturday

21

3 Dhu al-Hijjah
Counterterrorism 2009 98 www.nctc.gov

‘Asbat al-Ansar 

‘Asbat al-Ansar––the Partisans 

League––is a Lebanon-based Sunni 

extremist group based primarily in the 

‘Ayn al-Hilwah Palestinian refugee camp 

near Sidon in southern Lebanon. The 

group is led by Ahmad ‘Abd al-Karim 

al-Sa‘di, alias Abu Mihjin, who in 1991 

assumed leadership when founder 

Hisham al-Shuraydi was assassinated. 

Abu Mihjin, whose current location is 

unknown, was sentenced to death in 

absentia in Lebanon for assassinating 

four judges and the former head of 

the Association of Islamic Charitable 

Projects in Lebanon. ‘Asbat al-Ansar 

has fewer than 2,000 members, mostly 

of Palestinian descent. The group is 

ideologically in line with al-Qa‘ida but 

has no formal organizational ties to 

the group. 

Adhering to an extremist 

interpretation of Islam that justifies 

violence against civilian targets to 

achieve political ends, ‘Asbat al-Ansar’s 

goals include overthrowing 

the Lebanese Government 

and thwarting perceived 

anti-Islamic influences 

in the country. ‘Asbat 

al-Ansar has carried out 

several terrorist attacks in Lebanon 

since it first emerged in the early 1990s. 

The group has publicly proclaimed 

its support for al-Qa‘ida in Iraq, and 

members of the group have traveled to 

Iraq to fight Coalition forces. Jihadist 

Web sites criticized ‘Asbat for its failure 

to support Fatah al-Islam (FAI), another 

al-Qa‘ida-associated group operating 

in northern Lebanon, during FAI’s 

confrontation with the Lebanese Armed 

Forces in the summer of 2007. The 

Lebanese Government outlawed ‘Asbat 

al-Ansar in 2002.

SYRIA

LEBANON

ISRAEL

JORDAN

WEST 

BANK
www.nctc.gov 99 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 November

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

1979, Pakistan: False rumors of US takeover of Grand Mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, fuel 

Islamic militants’ attack on US Embassy in Islamabad Sunday

22

Lebanon: Independence Day 4 Dhu al-Hijjah

1996, Comoros Islands: Hijacked Ethiopian plane crashes, killing 127, including one American 

1985, Greece: Egyptian plane hijacked to Malta; 56 killed during attempted rescue; ANO 

responsible

Monday

23

5 Dhu al-Hijjah

2000, India: Gunman kills six Hindu, four Sikh bus passengers; LT blamed Tuesday

24

6 Dhu al-Hijjah

1984, Portugal: US Embassy hit by four mortar rounds; 25 April Movement responsible Wednesday

25

7 Dhu al-Hijjah

2000, Israel: Hizballah bomb attack kills one soldier and wounds two others near Shab‘a Farms 

area Thursday

26

US: Thanksgiving Day

Islamic: Al-Hajj, the Pilgrimage, begins 8 Dhu al-Hijjah

Friday

27

Islamic: Yawm Arafat 9 Dhu al-Hijjah

2002, Kenya: Three suicide bombers drive vehicle into front of Paradise Hotel in Mombasa, 

killing 15 and wounding 40; al-Qa‘ida and other groups claim responsibility 

2000, India: Sixteen killed, 25 wounded in widespread terrorist incidents in Jammu and 

Kashmir; Hizb-ul-Mujahedin claims responsibility

Saturday

28

Islamic: Al-Hajj, the Pilgrimage, ends

Islamic: Eid al-Adha (Festival of Sacrifice) begins; ends on 13 Dhu al-Hijjah 10 Dhu al-Hijjah
Counterterrorism 2009 100 www.nctc.gov

Al-Qa‘ida in the Lands of the Islamic 

Maghreb (AQIM) 

AQIM is an Algeria-based Sunni 

Muslim jihadist group that 

originally formed in 1998 as the Salafist 

Group for Preaching and Combat 

(GSPC), a faction of the Armed Islamic 

Group, which was the largest and most 

active terrorist group in Algeria. The 

GSPC was renamed in January 2007 

after the group officially joined al-Qa‘ida 

in September 2006. The GSPC had close 

to 30,000 members at its height but the 

Algerian Government’s counterterrorism 

efforts have reduced the group’s ranks to 

fewer than 1,000.

Since the 1990s, the group has focused 

most of its attacks on Algerian security 

personnel and facilities to achieve 

its primary goal of overthrowing the 

Algerian Government and establishing 

an Islamic caliphate. Following its 

formal alliance with al-Qa‘ida, AQIM 

expanded its aims and declared its 

intention to attack Western 

targets. In late 2006 and 

early 2007, it conducted 

several improvised 

explosive devices (IED) 

attacks against convoys 

of foreign nationals working in the 

energy sector. AQIM in December 

2007 attacked United Nations offices in 

Algiers with a car bomb and in February 

2008 attacked the Israeli Embassy in 

Nouakchott, Mauritania, with small 

arms. 

AQIM mainly employs conventional 

terrorist tactics, including guerrilla-style 

ambushes and mortar, rocket, and IED 

attacks. The group added the use of 

suicide bombings in April 2007, with 

attacks against government ministry and 

police buildings in Algiers that killed 

more than 30 people. AQIM leader 

Abdelmalek Droukdal announced in 

May 2007 that suicide bombings will 

become the group’s main tactic. The 

group claimed responsibility for a suicide 

truck bomb attack that killed at least 

eight soldiers and injured more than 

20 at a military barracks in Algeria on 

11 July 2007, the opening day of the 

All-Africa Games.

AQIM operates primarily in northern 

coastal areas of Algeria and in parts 

of the desert regions of southern 

Algeria and northern Mali. Its principal 

sources of funding include extortion, 

kidnapping, donations, and narcotics 

trafficking.

eAQIM logo

ALGERIA

MOROCCO

MAURITANIA

MALI NIGER

LIBYA

TUNISIA
www.nctc.gov 101 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 November/December

1987, Korean Airlines Flight 858 blown up over Andaman Sea near Burma by two North Korean 

agents; all 115 passengers killed Sunday

29

11 Dhu al-Hijjah

1989, Germany: Alfred Herrhausen, head of Deutsche Bank AG, assassinated; 

Red Army Faction suspected Monday

30

12 Dhu al-Hijjah

2001, Israel: Two suicide bombers detonate explosives in mall, killing 10 and wounding 120; 

HAMAS claims responsibility 

1997, India arrests Ghulam Nabi Baba, leader of Harakat-ul-Ansar, accused of involvement in 

kidnapping of six Western tourists

Tuesday

1

Islamic: Eid al-Adha ends 13 Dhu al-Hijjah

1983, Spain: Basque group Iraultza bombs eight US facilities in Spanish Basque territory to 

protest US involvement in Central America Wednesday

2

14 Dhu al-Hijjah

1984, United Arab Emirates: Hizballah’s Islamic Jihad Organization hijacks plane bound for 

Tehran; two US officials killed Thursday

3

15 Dhu al-Hijjah

2000, Israel: Awad Selmi, senior HAMAS leader on wanted list, killed during terrorist mission Friday

4

16 Dhu al-Hijjah

2000, Jordan: Ra‘id Hijazi sentenced to death for planning Millennium attacks against US 

and Israeli targets Saturday

5

17 Dhu al-Hijjah
Counterterrorism 2009 102 www.nctc.gov

Al-Qa‘ida in Yemen (AQY)

Self-proclaimed al-Qa‘ida in Yemen 

emerged in the aftermath of the 

escape of 23 al-Qa‘ida members from 

a Political Security prison in the Yemeni 

capital of Sanaa in February 2006. 

Several escapees helped reestablish 

the group and later identified fellow 

escapee Nasir al-Wahishi as the group’s 

new emir. 

Al-Qa‘ida in Yemen operatives 

conducted near-simultaneous suicide 

attacks in September 2006 against 

separate oil facilities in Yemen, the firstlarge-scale attack by the group since the 

prison escape. The group later claimed 

responsibility for the attack and, in its 

first Internet statement in November 

2006, vowed to conduct further attacks. 

Al-Qa‘ida second-in-command Ayman 

al-Zawahiri in a statement in December 

2006 congratulated al-Qa‘ida in Yemen 

and encouraged additional attacks.

Al-Qa‘ida in Yemen in early 2008 

dramatically increased its operational 

tempo, carrying out small-arms attacks 

on foreign tourists and a series of mortar 

attacks against the US 

Embassy in Sanaa, Yemeni 

military complexes, the 

Italian Embassy, and the 

Presidential Compound. 

An al-Qa‘ida-affiliated 

group calling itself Jund al-Yaman 

(Soldiers of Yemen) issued a number of 

statements over the past year claiming 

responsibility for the attacks on behalf 

of al-Qa‘ida in Yemen. Additionally, 

in September 2008 two vehicle bombs 

were detonated outside the US Embassy 

in Sanaa, killing 19 people including 

six terrorists. A group called Yemen 

Islamic Jihad claimed responsibility 

but al-Qa‘ida in Yemen was strongly 

suspected.

The group operates primarily in the 

tribal areas outside of Sanaa, which for 

the most part remain outside the control 

of the Yemeni Government. 

YEMEN

SAUDI ARABIA

DJIBOUTI

SOMALIA
www.nctc.gov 103 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 December

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

2000, Sri Lanka: Suspected LTTE landmine attack kills four bus passengers and wounds 21 Sunday

6

18 Dhu al-Hijjah

Monday

7

19 Dhu al-Hijjah

2000, Yemen: Muhammad al-Harazi and Jamal al-Badawi named as prime suspects 

in USS Cole bombing Tuesday

8

20 Dhu al-Hijjah

1999, UN General Assembly adopts International Convention for the Suppression 

of Financing Terrorism Wednesday

9

21 Dhu al-Hijjah

Thursday

10

22 Dhu al-Hijjah

2007, Algeria: Two car bombs in Algiers kill at least 60, including 10 UN personnel, injure more 

than 170; al-Qa‘ida in the Lands of the Islamic Maghreb claims responsibility Friday

11

23 Dhu al-Hijjah

1997, Egypt: Security forces kill ‘Abd al-Hafiz, al-Gama‘at al-Islamiyya leader responsible for 

Luxor attack 

1983, Kuwait: US and French Embassies bombed, killing six and injuring 80; Hizballah 

responsible

Saturday

12

Jewish: First day of Hanukkah (begins previous evening) 24 Dhu al-Hijjah
Counterterrorism 2009 104 www.nctc.gov

Al-Shabaab 

The Harakat Shabaab al-Mujahidin 

(al-Shabaab)—also known as 

al-Shabab, Shabaab, the Youth, 

Mujahidin al-Shabaab Movement, 

Mujahideen Youth Movement, 

Mujahidin Youth Movement, and other 

names and variations—is the militant 

wing of the Somalia Islamic Courts 

Council that took over most of southern 

Somalia in the second half of 2006. 

In December 2006 and January 2007, 

Somali government and Ethiopian 

forces routed it in a two-week war. Since 

the end of 2006 it has led a violent 

insurgency, using guerrilla warfare and 

terrorist tactics against the continued 

Ethiopian presence in Somalia, the 

Transitional Federal Government of 

Somalia, and nongovernmental aid 

organizations. 

The al-Shabaab senior leadership is 

affiliated with al-Qa‘ida and is believed 

to have trained and fought with that 

group in Afghanistan. Al-Shabaab has 

issued statements praising 

Usama Bin Ladin 

and linking Somalia 

to al-Qa‘ida’s global 

operations. The group 

has claimed responsibility 

for several bombings and shootings in 

Mogadishu targeting Ethiopian troops 

and Somali government officials. 

Al-Shabaab’s leaders have ordered 

their fighters to attack African Union 

(AU) peace-keeping troops based in 

Mogadishu.

Al-Shabaab has used intimidation 

and violence to undermine the Somali 

government and regularly kills activists 

working to bring about peace through 

political dialogue and reconciliation. It 

is responsible for the assassination of 

Somali peace activists, international aid 

workers, numerous civil society figures, 

government officials, and journalists. 

On 29 February 2008, the US 

Government designated al-Shabaab as 

a Foreign Terrorist Organization under 

Section 219 of the Immigration and 

Nationality Act (as amended) and as a 

Specially Designated Global Terrorist 

under Section 1(b) of Executive Order 

13224 (as amended). 

SOMALIA

ETHIOPIA

KENYA

DJIBOUTI

YEMEN

eAl-Shabaab logo
www.nctc.gov 105 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 December

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

2001, India: Parliament bombed, killing 13; Lashkar-e-Tayyiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed 

are responsible Sunday

13

Jewish: Hanukkah (2nd day) 25 Dhu al-Hijjah

1987, West Bank: Founding of the Islamic Resistance Movement (HAMAS) by Shaykh Ahmad 

Yasin Monday

14

Jewish: Hanukkah (3rd day) 26 Dhu al-Hijjah

Tuesday

15

Jewish: Hanukkah (4th day) 27 Dhu al-Hijjah

1983, United Kingdom: PIRA bombs Harrods department store in London, killing nine including 

one US citizen, and injuring 91 others Wednesday

16

Jewish: Hanukkah (5th day) 28 Dhu al-Hijjah

1996, Peru: MRTA rebels take 700 hostages at the Japanese Ambassador’s residence in Lima; 

all rebels killed in successful rescue Thursday

17

Jewish: Hanukkah (6th day) 29 Dhu al-Hijjah

1999, Sri Lanka: Suicide bomber at election rally kills 23 and wounds 100, including the 

President; bomb attack at opposition rally kills 11; LTTE blamed in both cases Friday

18

Islamic: First of Muharram (Islamic New Year, A.H. 1431)

Jewish: Hanukkah (7th day) 1 Muharram, A.H. 1431

1998, Philippines: Libyan-trained ASG leader Abdurajak Abubaker Janjalani dies in gunfight with 

authorities on Basilan Island Saturday

19

Jewish: Hanukkah (8th day; ends at sundown) 2 Muharram
Counterterrorism 2009 106 www.nctc.gov

Ansar al-Islam (AI) 

Ansar al-Islam, formerly known as 

Ansar al-Sunna (AS), is a Sunni 

extremist group of Iraqi Kurds and 

Arabs intent on establishing a Salafi 

Islamic state in Iraq under Sharia, 

a strict interpretation of Koranic 

instruction. AI has worked in the past 

with al-Qa‘ida senior leadership and 

al-Qa‘ida in Iraq (AQI), and it has 

carried out joint operations in Iraq. 

Some AI members trained in al-Qa‘ida 

camps in Afghanistan, and the group 

provided safehaven to al-Qa‘ida fighters 

in northern Iraq before Operation Iraqi 

Freedom commenced in March 2003.

Ansar al-Sunna leader Abu ‘Abdallah 

al-Shafi‘i in December 2007 announced 

that the group was reverting to its 

original name of Ansar al-Islam, 

previously used from the time of its 

establishment in 2001 until mid-2003. 

Al-Shafi‘i claimed the change was 

intended to signify a consolidation of 

the group’s Salafi jihadist principles. It 

may have also been an attempt 

to distance itself from 

members of AS who, in 

May 2007, announced an 

agreement with the Islamic 

Army in Iraq and the Army 

of the Mujahidin to form a united group 

called “The Jihad and Reformation 

Front.” 

AI operates primarily in northern 

Iraq and consistently claims the secondlargest number of Sunni jihadist 

attacks in Iraq behind AQI. The group 

regularly targets Coalition forces, 

Iraqi Government and security forces, 

and Iraqi political parties, including 

the suicide bombing of a US military 

dining facility in Mosul in December 

2004 that killed 22 US and Coalition 

soldiers. AI continues to conduct and 

claim responsibility for car bombings, 

assassinations, and kidnappings in Iraq.

IRAQ

IRAN SYRIA

SAUDI ARABIA

KUWAIT

TURKEY
www.nctc.gov 107 Counterterrorism 2009

2009 December

1999, Ecuador: Seven Canadian and one US hostage freed by FARC Sunday

20

3 Muharram

2007, Pakistan: Suicide bomber kills at least 50 in mosque near Peshawar. Outgoing interior 

minister believed targeted; no immediate claim of responsibility

1988, United Kingdom: Pan Am Flight 103 destroyed by bomb over Lockerbie, Scotland; all 259 

passengers and 11 on ground killed; Libya responsible 

1975, Austria: "Carlos the Jackal" kidnaps 11 OPEC ministers in Vienna; three die

Monday

21

4 Muharram

2000, West Bank: HAMAS suicide bombing at restaurant near Mehola kills one and wounds 

three Israeli soldiers Tuesday

22

5 Muharram

1975, Greece: US diplomat Richard Welch killed by gunmen in Athens; 17 November terrorist 

group responsible Wednesday

23

6 Muharram

1997, France: “Carlos the Jackal” sentenced to life for three murders in 1975 Thursday

24

7 Muharram

2000, India: Suicide car bomb kills 11 and wounds more than 20 near Army zone in Srinagar; 

Jamiat-ul-Mujahedin claims responsibility; blast coincides with bomb attacks in Pakistan 

that injured 37

Friday

25

Christian: Christmas (Roman Catholic, Protestant, and new-calendar Orthodox) 8 Muharram

1994, France: French paratroopers storm hijacked Air France jet in Marseilles, killing hijackers 

and freeing passengers Saturday

26

US: Kwanzaa 9 Muharram
Counterterrorism 2009 108 www.nctc.gov

HAMAS (Islamic Resistance Movement) 

HAMAS formed in late 1987 at the 

beginning of the first Palestinian 

Intifada (uprising). Its roots are in 

the Palestinian branch of the Muslim 

Brotherhood, and it is supported by a 

robust social/political structure inside 

the Palestinian territories. HAMAS 

has used various forms of violence, 

including high-profile terrorist attacks 

against Israeli civilian targets, designed 

to disrupt peace talks between Israeli 

and Palestinian officials and prevent 

agreements aimed at ending the conflict. 

The group’s charter calls for establishing 

an Islamic Palestinian state in place of 

Israel and rejects all agreements made 

between the PLO and Israel. More 

recently, HAMAS has publicly expressed 

a willingness to accept a long-term 

cessation of hostilities against Israel if 

Israel agreed to a Palestinian state based 

on the 1967 borders with Jerusalem 

as its capital. HAMAS’s strength is 

concentrated in the Gaza Strip and areas 

of the West Bank. 

HAMAS has a 

paramilitary arm, the 

Izz al-Din al-Qassam 

Brigades, which, 

beginning in the 1990s 

and up to the present, has conducted 

many anti-Israeli attacks in Israel and 

the Palestinian territories. These have 

included large-scale terrorist bombings 

against Israeli civilian targets, as well as 

small-arms attacks, improvised roadside 

explosives, and the launching of alQassam rockets into Israel. HAMAS 

continues to claim its right to confront 

Israel violently but has never deliberately 

attacked US targets. While the group 

receives some support from foreign 

countries and movements, it remains 

independent.

In early 2006 HAMAS won legislative 

elections in the Palestinian territories, 

ending the secular Fatah party’s hold 

on the Palestinian Authority and 

challenging Fatah’s leadership of the 

Palestinian national movement. Since 

then, HAMAS has largely refrained 

from suicide bombings or other attacks 

against Israeli targets but has refused to 

recognize the Jewish state explicitly or 

renounce violence. HAMAS militants 

violently took over the Gaza Strip in 

June 2007 and have since worked to 

overcome international isolation by 

calling for a cease-fire with Israel, while 

demonstrating the group’s ability to 

provide security. HAMAS in June 2008 

entered into an Egyptian-mediated 

agreement for calm with Israel and 

ceased all rocket attacks. HAMAS has 

since worked to rein in attacks from 

other groups and enforce the calm.

LEBANON

ISRAEL

WEST 

BANK

GAZA STRIP

EGYPT

JORDAN

SYRIA

eHAMAS logo
www.nctc.gov 109 Counterterrorism 2009

2009/2010 December/January

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

2007, Pakistan: Former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto assassinated after campaign rally in 

Rawalpindi; al-Qa‘ida claims responsibility

2002, Chechnya: Suicide bombers detonate two explosives-filled trucks at Chechnya’s 

pro‐Moscow government building, killing 72 and wounding 210 

1985, Italy, Austria: ANO group attacks Rome and Vienna airports; 18 dead and 121 wounded

Sunday

27

Islamic: Ashura (primarily Shia; marks martyrdom of the Prophet’s grandson, Husayn) 10 Muharram

1972, Thailand: Black September takes hostages and seizes Israeli Embassy; hostages released 

in return for safe conduct Monday

28

11 Muharram

2000, Colombia: Peace advocate Diego Turbay and six others killed in FARC ambush Tuesday

29

12 Muharram

2000, Philippines: Series of bombs in Manila kills 16 and injures at least 30; 

Abu Sayyaf Group suspected Wednesday

30

13 Muharram

2000, West Bank: Right-wing extremist Binyamin Kahane and wife killed in ambush 

by Intifada Martyrs Thursday

31

New Year’s Eve 14 Muharram

2001, Israel: HAMAS suicide car bomb wounds 54 in Netanya

1964, Israel: PLO founded Friday

1

New Year’s Day 15 Muharram

Saturday

2

16 Muharram
Counterterrorism 2009 110 www.nctc.gov

The Islamic Jihad Union—also 

known as al-Djihad al-Islami, 

Dzhamaat Modzhakhedov, and the 

Islamic Jihad Group of Uzbekistan, 

among other names—is an extremist 

organization that splintered from the 

Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan. It 

adheres to an anti-Western ideology, 

opposes secular rule in Uzbekistan, and 

seeks to replace the current regime with 

a government based on Islamic law. 

The group first conducted attacks 

in April 2004, targeting a popular 

bazaar and police at several roadway 

checkpoints. These attacks killed 

approximately 47 people, including 33 

terrorists, some of whom were suicide 

bombers. These attacks marked the first 

use of suicide bombers in Central Asia. 

The IJU’s claim of responsibility, which 

was posted to multiple militant Islamic 

Web sites, denounced the leadership of 

Uzbekistan. 

In July 2004 the group struck again, 

with near-simultaneous suicide bombings 

of the US and Israeli Embassies and the 

Uzbekistani Prosecutor General’s office 

in Tashkent. The IJU again 

claimed responsibility via 

an Islamic Web site and 

stated that martyrdom 

operations by the group 

would continue. The statement also 

indicated that the attacks were done 

in support of IJU’s Palestinian, 

Iraqi, and Afghan brothers in the 

global insurgency. The date of the July 

attack corresponded with the trial of 

individuals arrested for their alleged 

participation in the April 2004 attacks. 

The IJU issued a statement in May 

2005 fully supporting the armed attacks 

by antigovernment protestors on Uzbek 

police and military personnel in Andijon 

that month, and calling for the overthrow 

of the Uzbekistani regime.

In September 2007, German 

authorities detained three IJU 

operatives, disrupting an IJU plot against 

unidentified US or Western facilities in 

Germany. The operatives had acquired 

about 700 kg of hydrogen peroxide 

and an explosives precursor, which 

they secretly stockpiled in a garage in 

southern Germany. This was enough 

raw material to make the equivalent of 

approximately 1,200 lbs of TNT. The 

IJU subsequently claimed responsibility 

for the foiled plot. 

The IJU also claimed responsibility 

for multiple attacks in Afghanistan in 

the spring and summer of 2008 against 

anti-Coalition forces, including a March 

suicide attack against a US guard post 

that killed four people. IJU members are 

scattered throughout Central Asia and 

probably parts of South Asia. 

Islamic Jihad Union (IJU) 

UZBEKISTAN

KAZAKHSTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AFGHANISTAN

TAJIKISTAN

IRAN
www.nctc.gov 111 Counterterrorism 2009

2010 January

Sunday

3

17 Muharram

Monday

4

18 Muharram

2003, Israel: Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade’s simultaneous suicide attacks kill 23, wound 107 

1996, Gaza Strip: HAMAS bombmaker Yahya Ayyash ("The Engineer") is killed by booby-trapped 

cell phone

Tuesday

5

19 Muharram

1963, Founding of the Colombian National Liberation Army (ELN) Wednesday

6

Christian: Epiphany 20 Muharram

Thursday

7

Christian: Christmas (Orthodox using Old Calendar) 21 Muharram

1998, US: Ramzi Ahmed Yousef is sentenced to life plus 240 years for World Trade Center 

bombings in 1993 Friday

8

22 Muharram

2001, Colombia: Army rescues 56 hostages from ELN; group captures 15 more and kills one Saturday

9

23 Muharram
Counterterrorism 2009 112 www.nctc.gov

cMasood Azhar

Jaish-e-Mohammed (JEM) 

Jaish-e-Mohammed— 

also known as the 

Army of Mohammed, 

Khudamul Islam, and 

Tehrik ul-Furqaan 

among other names—

is an extremist group 

based in Pakistan. It 

was founded by Masood 

Azhar in early 2000 upon his release 

from prison in India. The group’s aim is 

to unite Kashmir with Pakistan and to 

expel foreign troops from Afghanistan; 

it has openly declared war against the 

United States. Pakistan outlawed JEM 

in 2002. By 2003, JEM had splintered 

into Khuddam ul-Islam (KUI), headed 

by Azhar, and Jamaat ul-Furqan (JUF), 

led by Abdul Jabbar. Abdul Jabbar was 

detained for suspected involvement in the 

December 2003 assassination attempts 

against President Pervez Musharraf, but 

was released from Pakistani custody in 

August 2004. Pakistan banned KUI and 

JUF in November 2003. 

Jaish-e-Mohammed 

continues to operate 

openly in parts of 

Pakistan despite a 2002 

ban on its activities. 

Since Masood Azhar’s release in 2000, 

JEM has conducted many fatal terrorist 

attacks including a suicide bombing 

of the Jammu and Kashmir legislative 

assembly building in Srinagar in October 

2001 that killed more than 30. In July 

2004 Pakistani authorities arrested a 

JEM member wanted in connection 

with the 2002 abduction and murder 

of US journalist Daniel Pearl. In 

2006 JEM claimed responsibility for a 

number of attacks, including the killing 

of several Indian police officials in the 

Indian-administered Kashmir capital of 

Srinagar. 

JEM has at least several hundred 

armed supporters located in Pakistan, 

India’s southern Kashmir and Doda 

regions, and in the Kashmir Valley. 

Supporters are mostly Pakistanis and 

Kashmiris, but also include Afghans 

and Arab veterans of the Afghan war 

against the Soviets. The group uses light 

and heavy machine guns, assault rifles, 

mortars, improvised explosive devices, 

and rocket-propelled grenades in its 

attacks.

In June 2008, JEM was reported to 

be resolving its differences with other 

Pakistani extremist groups and shifting 

its focus, together with Lashkar-eTayyiba, from Kashmir to Afghanistan 

in order to step up attacks against US 

and Coalition forces. 

PAKISTAN

AFGHANISTAN

INDIA

CHINA

eJaish-e-Mohammed logo
www.nctc.gov 113 Counterterrorism 2009

2010 January

Sunday

10

24 Muharram

Monday

11

25 Muharram

2000, Turkey: Execution of PKK leader Abdullah Ocalan stayed Tuesday

12

26 Muharram

Wednesday

13

27 Muharram

2004, Gaza Strip: First female HAMAS suicide bomber kills four, wounds 10 at Erez Crossing Thursday

14

28 Muharram

2002, West Bank: Palestinian militia leader Ra‘id al-Karmi is killed by a bomb outside his home; 

Israel implicated Friday

15

29 Muharram

Saturday

16

30 Muharram
Counterterrorism 2009 114 www.nctc.gov

Kongra-Gel (KGK) 

The KGK, formerly the Kurdistan 

Workers Party (PKK), is a Kurdish 

separatist group primarily active in part 

of northern Iraq and southern Turkey. 

Composed mostly of Turkish Kurds, 

the group in 1984 began a campaign of 

armed violence, including terrorism, 

which has since resulted in over 30,000 

deaths. The KGK’s stated goal is to 

create an independent Kurdish state. 

Historically, KGK has directed members 

to target mainly Turkish security forces, 

government offices, and villagers who 

opposed the group; however, KGK’s 

imprisoned leader Abdullah Ocalan 

publicly called for a KGK “unilateral 

cease-fire” in October 2006, which in 

practice meant stopping terrorist attacks 

and limiting violence to “defensive” 

attacks against Turkish soldiers and 

security forces. 

Despite the unilateral cease-fire, 

attacks continued in response to 

Turkish security operations against 

the group. In particular, the KGKaffiliated Kurdistan Freedom Hawks 

(TAK) began using terrorist 

tactics—including suicide 

bombings—and targeting 

tourist destinations in 

2005 in order to damage 

the Turkish economy. 

The KGK in July 2008 kidnapped three 

German tourists on Mount Ararat, 

Turkey, in retaliation for recent German 

actions against the group, including 

banning KGK’s primary media outlet, 

Roj-TV, from operating in Germany. 

In early 2008 Germany convicted two 

KGK members on terrorism charges. 

Using the KGK-affiliated Firat News 

Agency Web site, in late-February 2008 

TAK announced a new wave of terrorist 

actions against Turkey, similar to a 

March 2007 statement that the group 

would continue targeting Turkish tourist 

sites, specifically citing the February 

2007 arrests of KGK members in Europe 

and warning that “we [TAK] are going 

in particular to target European tourists.” 

TURKEY

IRAQ

SYRIA

RUSSIA

IRAN

AZE.

GEORG.

SAUDI ARABIA

LEBANON

EGYPT

ISRAEL

JOR.

dKGK flag
www.nctc.gov 115 Counterterrorism 2009

cLT poster

cAttacks on the Mumbai rail 

system, 11 July 2006, resulted in 

allegations of LT responsibility

Lashkar-e-Tayyiba (LT or LeT; Army of the Righteous) 

LT is one of the largest and most 

proficient of the Kashmiri-focused 

militant groups. LT formed in the early 

1990s as the military wing of Markazud-Dawa-wal-Irshad, a Pakistan-based 

Islamic fundamentalist missionary 

organization founded in the 1980s to 

oppose the Soviets in Afghanistan. Since 

1993, LT has conducted numerous 

attacks against Indian troops and civilian 

targets in the disputed Jammu and 

Kashmir province, as well as several 

high-profile attacks inside India itself. 

The United States and United Nations 

have designated LT an international 

terrorist organization. The Pakistani 

Government banned the LT and froze its 

assets in 2002. In 2008 the US Treasury 

Department imposed sanctions on four 

senior LT leaders. 

The Indian Government implicated 

the group in the 11 July 2006 attack 

on multiple Mumbai commuter trains 

and the December 2001 armed assault 

on the Indian Parliament building. In 

March 2002, senior al-Qa‘ida lieutenant 

Abu Zubaydah was captured at an LT 

safehouse in Faisalabad, suggesting that 

some LT members may assist al-Qa‘ida. 

LT members have been arrested in Iraq 

and Afghanistan. 

The actual size of 

the LT is unknown, but 

the group has several 

thousand members, 

predominantly Pakistani 

nationals seeking a 

united Kashmir under 

Pakistani rule. The group 

maintains a number 

of facilities in Pakistan, 

including training camps, schools, and 

medical clinics. The group also recruits 

internationally, as evidenced by the 

indictment of eleven LT terrorists in 

Virginia in 2003. 

Recent Activity

LT coordinates its charitable 

activities through its front organization, 

Jamaat-ud-Dawa, which spearheaded 

humanitarian relief to the victims of the 

October 2005 earthquake in Kashmir. 

LT and its leader Hafiz Saeed continue 

to spread ideology advocating armed 

jihad, as well as virulent rhetoric 

condemning the United States, India, 

Israel, and other perceived enemies. 

However, LT has yet to conduct an 

international terrorist attack against 

civilian targets outside India or Kashmir.

PAKISTAN

AFGHANISTAN

INDIA

CHINA
Counterterrorism 2009 116 www.nctc.gov

Revolutionary Armed Forces of 

Colombia (FARC) 

Established in 1964 as the military 

wing of the Colombian Communist 

Party, the Revolutionary Armed 

Forces of Colombia (Fuerzas Armadas 

Revolucionarios de Colombia, FARC) 

is Latin America’s oldest, largest, most 

capable, and best-equipped insurgency of 

Marxist origin—although it nominally 

fights in support of Marxist goals 

today. The FARC primarily operates 

in Colombia, with some activities—

extortion, kidnapping, weapons 

sourcing, and logistics—in neighboring 

countries.

FARC tactics include bombings, 

murder, mortar attacks, kidnapping, 

extortion, and hijacking, as well as 

guerrilla and conventional military 

action against Colombian political, 

military, and economic targets. The 

FARC has well-documented ties to 

the full range of narcotics trafficking 

activities, including taxation, cultivation, 

and distribution. The 

group considers US 

persons to be legitimate 

military targets due 

to US support for the 

Colombian Government. 

The group had a series of setbacks in 

2008. In a rescue operation on 2 July, 

the Colombian Government freed 15 

FARC–held hostages, including three US 

defense contractors held since 2003 and 

former Colombian presidential candidate 

Ingrid Betancourt. A Colombian military 

operation on 1 March killed Raul Reyes, 

who was the FARC’s spokesman and 

a senior member of the seven-member 

Secretariat. On 7 March, another FARC 

Secretariat member, Ivan Rios, was 

killed by one of his own bodyguards. 

In addition, long-time FARC leader 

and co-founder Manuel Marulanda 

died on 26 March of natural causes. In 

late May, Alfonso Cano was named as 

Marulanda’s successor. 

COLOMBI A

VENEZUEL A

PER U BRAZI L

ECUADOR

dFARC flag

cMono Joloy, high-ranking 

FARC member
www.nctc.gov 117 Counterterrorism 2009

dDHKP/C flag

Revolutionary People’s Liberation

Party/Front (DHKP/C)

Revolutionary People’s Liberation 

Party/Front (DHKP/C) was 

originally formed in 1978 as Devrimci 

Sol, or Dev Sol, a splinter faction of 

Dev Genc (Revolutionary Youth). It 

was renamed in 1994 after factional 

infighting. The group espouses a 

Marxist-Leninist ideology and is 

vehemently anti-US, anti-NATO, and 

anti-Turkish establishment. Its goals are 

the founding of a socialist state and the 

abolition of one- to three-man prison 

cells, called F-type prisons. DHKP/C 

finances its activities chiefly through 

donations and extortion. 

Since the late 1980s the group has 

targeted primarily current and retired 

Turkish security and military officials. 

In the 1990s it began attacking foreign 

interests, including attacks against 

US military and diplomatic personnel 

and facilities. DHKP/C added suicide 

bombings to its tactics in 2001, with 

successful attacks against Turkish police 

in January and September. Since the 

end of 2001, DHKP/C has typically 

used improvised explosive devices 

against official Turkish targets and 

soft US targets of opportunity; attacks 

against US targets beginning in 2003 

probably came in response to Operation 

Iraqi Freedom. In March 2008 three 

DHKP/C members were arrested 

in Istanbul while preparing terrorist 

attacks, probably against US commercial 

interests and Turkish Prime Minister 

Recep Erdogan. However, operations 

against the group and arrests of its 

members have weakened its capabilities; 

it probably has several dozen terrorist 

operatives inside Turkey, with a large 

support network throughout Europe.

TURKEY

IRAQ

SYRIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

IRAN

ROMANIA
Counterterrorism 2009 118 www.nctc.gov

Bomb Threat Stand-Off Distances

Threat Description Explosives 

Capacity1

(TNT Equivalent)

Building 

Evacuation 

Distance2

Outdoor 

Evacuation 

Distance3

Pipe Bomb 5 LBS/

2.3 KG

70 FT/

21 M

850 FT/

259 M

Briefcase/

Suitcase Bomb

50 LBS/

23 KG

150 FT/

46 M

1,850 FT/

564 M

Compact Sedan 500 LBS/

227 KG

320 FT/

98 M

1,500 FT/

457 M

Sedan 1,000 LBS/

454 KG

400 FT/

122 M

1,750 FT/

534 M

Passenger/

Cargo Van

4,000 LBS/

1,814 KG

640 FT/

195 M

2,750 FT/

838 M

Small Moving Van/

Delivery Truck

10,000 LBS/

4,536 KG

860 FT/

263 M

3,750 FT/

1,143 M

Moving Van/

Water Truck

30,000 LBS/

13,608 KG

1,240 FT/

375 M

6,500 FT/

1,982 M

Semi-Trailer 60,000 LBS/

27,216 KG

1,500 FT/

457 M

7,000 FT/

2,134 M

This table is for general emergency planning only. A given building’s vulnerability to explosions depends 

on its construction and composition. The data in these tables may not accurately reflect these variables. 

Some risk will remain for any persons closer than the Outdoor Evacuation Distance.

1

 Based on maximum volume or weight of explosive (TNT 

equivalent) that could reasonably fit in a suitcase or vehicle.

2

 Governed by the ability of typical US commercial construction to 

resist severe damage or collapse following a blast. Performances can 

vary significantly, however, and buildings should be analyzed by 

qualified parties when possible.

3

 Governed by the greater of fragment throw distance or glass 

breakage/falling glass hazard distance. Note that pipe and briefcase 

bombs assume cased charges that throw fragments farther than 

vehicle bombs.

4

 A known terrorist tactic is to attract bystanders to windows, 

doorways, and the outside with gunfire, small bombs, or other 

methods and then detonate a larger, more destructive device, 

significantly increasing human casualties.

Preferred area (beyond this line) for evacuation of people in buildings 

and mandatory for people outdoors. 

All personnel in this area should seek shelter immediately inside 

a building away from windows and exterior walls. Avoid having 

anyone outside—including those evacuating—in this area. 4

Ou

All personnel must evacuate (both inside of buildings and out). tdoor Evacuation Distance

Building Evacuation Distance
www.nctc.gov 119 Counterterrorism 2009

cC-4 Explosive Charge cC-4 Explosive

Name Base Percent1 VOD2 Color Origin

C-4 RDX 91 26,400 Pale US/Canada

PE-4 RDX 93 27,000 Pale UK

ROWENEX RDX 88 26,200 Orange UK

DEMEX RDX 88 26,900 Pale UK

PLASTEX PETN — 23,000 — Switzerland

PLASTRITE PETN 87 24,300 — France

PLASTRITE-4 RDX 80 25,000 Yellow/Cream Soviet Union

SEMTEX H RDX/PETN 86 24,300 Orange Czech

SPRENG FOLIE (SF2) PETN 75 23,000 Pale Germany

SEISMOPLAST (P3) PETN 85 23,800 Light Red Germany

NP 10 PETN — — Black Czech

PMW 135 RDX 86 — — Sweden

SEMTEX 1A PETN 86 24,000 Rouge Czech

NOBEL 1509 PETN — — — Scotland

1

Percent content of base explosive.

2

Velocity at detonation, in feet per second.

Composition and Physical Properties of 

Commonly Available Plastic Explosives
Counterterrorism 2009 120 www.nctc.gov

TNT Equivalents for Various Explosives

and Fuel-Air Mixtures

Explosive Pressure

Equivalent

Impulse

Equivalent

Remarks/Maximum

Pressure

TNT 1.0 1.0

C-4 1.3 1.5

Composition B (60 RDX/40 TNT) 1.2 1.1

Pentolite 1.42 1.44

Dynamite 60 percent straight

 50 percent

 20 percent

0.9

0.9

0.7

0.9

—

—

Blasting gel 0.85 0.85

ANFO 0.82

Smokeless powder 0.6 Dense Packing

Black powder 0.6 Dense Packing

Photo flash powder (aluminum, 

potassium perchlorate 40/60) 0.42

Fuel-Air (by weight)

Ethylene oxide 10+ 300 psi

MAPP (welding gas) 10 200 psi

Acetylene 150 psi

Propane 6 120 psi

Methane 100 psi

Paint pigments 160 psi

Milk powder 135 psi

Flour 7 150 psi

Wood 7 160 psi

Sugar 134 psi

Aluminum 10 195 psi

A terrorist cell’s skill in constructing Improvised Explosive Devices or Vehicle-Borne 

Improvised Explosive Devices (IED, VBIED) is likely to influence the type of attack it might 

execute. Bombmakers with only rudimentary skills may be restricted to assembling basic 

devices. A skilled journeyman bombmaker may have the competence needed to build a range 

of IEDs from small to large that are highly concealable or have advanced capabilities such as 

multiple triggering methods, directional blasts, or increased blast effect. Two hundred kilograms 

of explosives can make:

2 small VBIEDs 

@ 100 kg each

20 Suicide Vests 

@ 10 kg each

Sufficient booster charge 

for 4,000 kg of homemade 

explosives in a VBIED.

200 Pipe Bombs 

@ 1 kg each
www.nctc.gov 121 Counterterrorism 2009

Indicators of a Possible 

Radiological Incident

Indicators

Unusual Numbers of Sick or 

Dying People or Animals

As a first responder, strong consideration should be given to calling 

local hospitals to see if additional casualties with similar symptoms 

have been observed. Casualties may occur hours to days or weeks 

after an incident has occurred. The time required before symptoms are 

observed is dependent on the radioactive material used and the dose 

received. Additional symptoms include skin reddening and, in severe 

cases, vomiting.

Unusual Metal Debris Unexplained bomb/munitions-like material.

Radiation Symbols Containers may display a radiation symbol.

Heat Emitting Material Material that seems to emit heat without any sign of external heating 

source.

Glowing Material/Particles If the material is strongly radioactive, it may appear to glow.
Counterterrorism 2009 122 www.nctc.gov

eAnthrax-contaminated letter sent 

to Senator Patrick Leahy

eAnthrax investigators in 2001

Suspicious Substance?

If you become aware of an unusual or suspicious 

substance nearby

1. Quickly get away. 

2. Protect yourself. Cover your mouth and nose with layers of fabric that can filter 

the air but still allow breathing. Examples include two to three layers of cotton 

such as a T-shirt, handkerchief or towel. Otherwise, several layers of tissue or 

paper towels may help. 

3. Wash with soap and water. 

4. Contact authorities. 

5. Watch TV, listen to the radio, or check the Internet for official news and 

information including what the signs and symptoms of the disease are, if 

medications or vaccinations are being distributed and where you should seek 

medical attention if you become sick. 

6. If you become sick seek emergency medical attention.
www.nctc.gov 123 Counterterrorism 2009

Clinical Features Diagnosis Medical Management

Botulinum Toxins

Symptoms appear several hours to one 

to two days after exposure.

Initial

Blurred vision, drooping eyelids, difficulty 

understanding language, difficulty in 

speaking, muscle weakness.

Progression—Day 3

Mucous in throat, neuromuscular 

symptoms, respiratory distress, difficulty 

in swallowing, feels like a cold without 

fever.

Progression—Day 4

Indistinct speech, pupils moderately 

dilated, retarded eye motions, “mental 

numbness.”

An epidemic of cases of 

bulbar and neuromuscular 

disease.

Other causes could be 

considered; however, the 

extent and epidemiology 

of the outbreak will help 

diagnose and define 

whether or not there was 

an attack.

Respiratory failure is the 

principal cause of death. 

Tracheostomy, endotrachael 

intubation, and ventilatory 

assistance may be required.

Antitoxins are available, 

but they are horse serums 

and may produce reactions 

in those allergic to horse 

serum.

Smallpox

Incubation average 12 days. Symptoms 

begin acutely.

Phase I Symptoms

Malaise, fever, chills, vomiting, headache, 

backache. Light-skinned patients may 

exhibit rash during this phase.

Phase II Symptoms

Facial rash and eruptions on mucous 

membrane leading to infectious 

secretions. Eruptions on lower 

extremities spreading to the trunk over 

the following eight to 14 days (these 

pustules later form scabs).

It is necessary to 

distinguish smallpox from 

chicken pox. Examination of 

vesicular scrapings under 

a microscope is the usual 

method for diagnosis.

Strict quarantine for 17 days 

of all persons in contact 

with index cases.

No specific therapy.

Supportive care to prevent 

secondary infections.

Biological Threats
Counterterrorism 2009 124 www.nctc.gov

eA low-hanging cloud might be 

a sign of a checmical attack.

Indicators of a Possible

Chemical Incident

Indicators

Dead animals/birds/fish Not just an occasional incident, but numerous animals (wild and 

domestic, small and large), birds, and fish in the same area

Lack of insect life Normal insect activity (ground, air, and/or water) missing, dead insects 

evident in the ground/water surface/shoreline

Physical symptoms Numerous individuals experiencing unexplained water-like blisters, 

wheals (similar to bee stings), pinpointed pupils, choking, respiratory 

ailments and/or rashes

Mass casualties Numerous individuals exhibiting unexplained serious health problems 

ranging from nausea to disorientation to difficulty in breathing to 

convulsions and death

Definite pattern of 

casualties

Casualties distributed in a pattern that may be associated with possible 

agent dissemination methods

Illness associated with 

confined geographic area

Lower incidence of symptoms for people working indoors than 

outdoors, or the reverse

Unusual liquid droplets Numerous surfaces exhibiting oily droplets/film; numerous water 

surfaces displaying an oily film (no recent rain)

Areas that look different in 

appearance

Not just a patch of dead weeds, but trees, shrubs, bushes, food 

crops, and/or lawns that are dead, discolored, or withered (no current 

drought)

Unexplained odors Smells ranging from fruity to flowery to sharp/pungent to garlic/

horseradish-like to bitter almonds/peach kernels to newly mown hay; 

the particular odor is completely out of character with its surroundings

Low-lying clouds Low-lying cloud/fog-like condition that is not explained by its 

surroundings

Unusual metal debris Unexplained bomb/munitions-like material, especially if it contains a 

liquid (no recent rain)
www.nctc.gov 125 Counterterrorism 2009

Chemical Agents

Name Color Smell

Nerve Agents

Tabun (GA) Colorless to brown Fruity

Sarin (GB) Colorless No odor

Soman (GD) Colorless Fruity; oil of camphor

VX Colorless to straw color No odor

Vesicants

Impure sulfur mustard (H) Pale yellow to dark brown Garlic or mustard

Distilled sulfur mustard (HD) Pale yellow to dark brown Garlic or mustard

Lewisite (L) Pure: colorless

Agent: amber to dark brown Geranium

Riot Control Agents

Chlorobenzylidene Malononitrile (CS) White crystalline powder Pepper

Chloroacetophenone (CN) Liquid or solid Apple blossom

Diphenylaminearsine (DM) Yellow-green crystalline solid No odor

Pulmonary Agents

Chlorine (CL2) Clear to yellow gas Bleach

Phosgene (CG) Colorless gas Freshly-mown hay

Cyanides (Blood Agents)

Hydrogen Cyanide (AC) Gas Bitter almonds or peach kernels

Cyanogen Chloride Gas or liquid—colorless Pungent, biting odor

Incapacitating Agents

BZ White crystalline powder No odor
Counterterrorism 2009 126 www.nctc.gov

Sarin

Sarin is an extremely toxic substance 

whose sole application is as a 

nerve agent. As a chemical weapon, 

it is classified as a weapon of mass 

destruction by the United Nations 

according to UN Resolution 687, and its 

production and stockpiling was outlawed 

by the Chemical Weapons Convention 

of 1993. Sarin can be used as a binary 

chemical weapon, meaning two different 

substances which are easier and/or safer 

to store independently can be mixed 

immediately prior to use to create the 

desired chemical.

Sarin is similar in structure and 

biological activity to some commonly 

used insecticides. At room temperature, 

sarin is a colorless, odorless liquid. Its 

vapor is also colorless and odorless. It 

has a relatively short shelf life, and will 

degrade after a period of several weeks to 

several months. 

Timely decontamination is imperative. 

Contaminated equipment should 

be cleaned using household bleach, 

caustic soda, dilute alkali solutions, or 

hot, soapy water. When equipment is 

located in a confined area, steam and 

ammonia or hot, soapy water may be 

used. Sodium hydroxide, an all-purpose 

decontaminant, also works well on sarin.

Method Onset Symptoms

Dermal exposure 

to liquid

Minutes to hours Mild Exposure: Increased sweating at the site of exposure; 

muscular twitching at site

Moderate Exposure: Same as above plus nausea, vomiting, 

diarrhea, generalized weakness

Severe Exposure: Same as above plus loss of 

consciousness, convulsions, generalized twitching, flaccid 

paralysis, lapses in breathing, generalized secretions, 

involuntary defecation

Exposure to vapor Seconds Mild Exposure: Small pupils, runny nose, breathing 

constriction, secretions, slight lapses in breathing

Moderate Exposure: Small pupils, runny nose, breathing 

constriction, secretions, marked lapses in breathing

Severe Exposure: Same as above plus loss of 

consciousness, convulsions, generalized twitching, flaccid 

paralysis, lapses in breathing, generalized secretions, 

involuntary defecation

eModel of a Sarin molecule
www.nctc.gov 127 Counterterrorism 2009

Tanks like these can contain a 

large amount of toxic material 

Toxic Industrial Chemicals

Toxic industrial chemicals refers to a 

variety of chemicals used or created 

by industry that can have a significant 

impact on human health if released 

into the air or water. A potential threat 

exists for individuals located downwind 

or downstream from an accidental or 

intentional release of chemicals or for 

people situated near toxic industrial 

processes.

Toxic industrial chemicals may 

pose a risk when they are stored in 

large quantities in one location. An act 

of sabotage or an accident can result 

in a large release of toxic material 

into the air or water. Some material 

retains its lethality even after traveling 

a considerable distance. A release of 

chlorine gas into the surrounding air, 

as we have highlighted here, is but one 

example of the toxic industrial chemical 

threat. 

In the event of exposure to a toxic 

chemical—and after the immediate 

danger and contamination have been 

dealt with—take the following steps:

1Notify safety personnel. 

2Remove all sources of heat and 

ignition. 

3Keep all combustibles (wood, paper, 

oil, etc.) away from the leak. 

4Ventilate potentially explosive 

atmospheres. 

5Evacuate the spill area for at least 50 feet (15 m) in all directions. 

6Find and stop the leak if this can be 

done without risk. 

7Use water spray to reduce vapors; do 

not put water directly on the leak or 

spill area.

Chlorine Threat

Symptoms

Chlorine causes the water in a person’s 

body to turn to acid, which scars the lungs, 

causes fluid buildup, and induces a life-long 

asthmatic condition. 

Treatment

Chlorine cannot be exhaled. If chlorine 

contacts the skin, individuals should flush 

the affected areas immediately with plenty 

of water, then wash with soap and water. 

Clothing contaminated with chlorine 

should be removed immediately.
Counterterrorism 2009 128 www.nctc.gov

eCastor beans (shown above) are used to produce 

Ricin, a deadly poison. They are similar in color 

and size to pinto beans (shown below), but notice 

the small pointed protrusion on the end of each 

castor bean.

Ricin

Ricin, the toxin found in castor beans, 

is poisonous if inhaled, injected, 

or ingested. It kills cells by inhibiting 

protein synthesis. Treatment is available, 

but long-term organ damage in survivors 

is likely. 

Symptoms

Inhalation

Within a few hours of inhaling 

significant amounts of ricin, likely 

symptoms include respiratory distress, 

fever, cough, nausea, and tightness in the 

chest. Heavy sweating and fluid building 

up in the lungs may follow. 

Ingestion

A person who ingests a significant 

amount of ricin would suffer from 

vomiting and diarrhea that may become 

bloody. Severe dehydration may result, 

followed by low blood pressure. Other 

symptoms may include hallucinations, 

seizures, and blood in the urine. Within 

several days, the person’s liver, spleen, 

and kidneys might stop working, 

resulting in death. 

Treatment

A solution of saline and glucose is 

used to treat ricin poisoning. 
www.nctc.gov 129 Counterterrorism 2009

Cutaneous

Symptoms

Skin infection begins as a raised itchy bump 

that resembles an insect bite, but soon turns 

into an ulcer, usually one to three centimeters 

in diameter with a black center. Lymph glands 

in the adjacent area may swell.

Treatment

Antibiotics, extremely effective against 

naturally occurring strains. About 

20 percent of untreated cases result 

in death.

Intestinal

Symptoms

This form of anthrax may follow 

the consumption of contaminated 

meat and is characterized by an acute 

inflammation of the intestinal tract. 

Initial signs include nausea, loss of 

appetite, vomiting, and fever, followed 

by abdominal pain, vomiting blood, and 

severe diarrhea. Between 25 percent and 

60 percent of cases are fatal.

Treatment

Antibiotics, including penicillin, 

tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin. About 

25 percent to 60 percent of untreated 

cases result in death.

Inhalation

Symptoms

Initial symptoms may resemble a 

common cold, but lead to severe 

breathing problems and shock after 

several days. Inhalation anthrax is 

usually fatal.

Treatment

Antibiotics, effective in the first days 

after infection. About 90 percent of 

untreated cases result in death.

Anthrax
Counterterrorism 2009 130 www.nctc.gov

Suspicious Financial Activity Indicators

1Account transactions that are 

inconsistent with past deposits or 

withdrawals

2Transactions involving a high volume 

of incoming or outgoing wire 

transfers with no logical or apparent 

purpose that come from, go to, or transit 

locations of concern (for example, 

sanctioned countries, noncooperative 

nations, and sympathizer nations)

3Unexplainable clearing or negotiation 

of third-party checks and their 

deposits in foreign bank accounts

4Breaking transactions larger than 

$10,000 into smaller amounts by 

making multiple deposits or withdrawals 

or by buying cashier’s checks, money 

orders, or other monetary instruments to 

evade reporting requirements

5Corporate layering (that is, transfers 

between bank accounts of related 

entities or charities for no apparent 

reason)

6Wire transfers by charitable 

organizations to companies located 

in countries known to be bank or tax 

havens

7Charitable bank deposits that lack 

signs of fund-raising activity (for 

example, lack of small checks or typical 

donations)

8Use of multiple accounts to collect 

funds that are transferred to the same 

foreign beneficiaries

9Transactions without logical 

economic purpose (that is, no link 

between the activity of the organization 

and other parties involved in the 

transaction)

10Overlapping corporate officers, 

bank signatories, or other 

identifiable similarities associated with 

the same addresses, references, and 

financial activities

11Cash-debiting schemes in which 

deposits in the United States 

correlate directly with ATM cash 

withdrawals in countries of concern; 

reverse transactions of this nature are 

also suspicious

12Issuance of checks, money orders, 

or other financial instruments, 

often numbered sequentially, to the same 

or similarly named person or business
www.nctc.gov 131 Counterterrorism 2009

Ahmed Ressam, sentenced to 22 years in 

prison in 2005 for planning to bomb 

Los Angeles International Airport on 

31 December 1999, acquired this ostensibly 

genuine Canadian passport by using a 

fraudulent baptismal certificate; the 

obscured name was Western-sounding 

in an attempt to evade scrutiny at the border. 

These passports were 

seized by French 

authorities as part 

of a group of 5,000 

blank French passports 

stolen on 22 July 2003 

in Marseilles. 

Stolen South African passport 

Terrorist Document Indicators

1Physically altered passports

2Passports with serial numbers that 

are watch-listed as lost or stolen

3Handwritten documents that are 

easily forged or altered

4Multiple passports used by the 

same person with variations in the 

spelling/structure of the name and of 

date of birth

5Ambiguous or contradictory 

information submitted to consular or 

border control officials

6Absence of supporting documents to 

corroborate passport information 

7Passports with glued-in photographs

8Large gaps in travel history as 

reflected in stamps and visas
Counterterrorism 2009 132 www.nctc.gov

eAbu Hamza al-Masri, former imam of 

Finsbury Park Mosque in north London, 

was convicted in February 2006 on eleven 

charges including solicitation to murder 

and “stirring up racial hatred.”

Radicalization: Myth and Reality

MYTH Poverty is the primary breeding ground for terrorists. 

REALITY Many terrorists come from middle-class backgrounds and have universitylevel educations, particularly in the technical sciences and engineering. No 

statistical relationship exists between poverty and becoming a terrorist. 

MYTH US foreign policy is the primary cause of radicalization.

REALITY The grievances that fuel radicalization are diverse and vary across locations 

and groups. Radicalization frequently is driven by personal concerns at the 

local level in addition to frustration with international events.

MYTH There are visible “signs” of radicalization.

REALITY Changes in appearance during different stages of radicalization often are the 

same changes seen in individuals who are not being radicalized, making it 

difficult to identify visible markers.
www.nctc.gov 133 Counterterrorism 2009

Worldwide Incidents Tracking System 

(WITS)

NCTC maintains the US 

Government’s authoritative 

database on terrorist attacks compiled 

exclusively from open-source data. 

The Worldwide Incidents Tracking 

System (WITS) provides visitors with 

an easily accessible database capable of 

filtering and sorting attack data—such 

as date, location, number of victims, 

and perpetrator characteristics, among 

other criteria—by a broad range of 

determinants. WITS is based on 

a statutory definition and publicly 

published methodology and is available 

on the Internet at the NCTC Web site, 

www.nctc.gov. Using three types of 

searches, visitors can query the database 

to find out, for example, how many 

rocket attacks occurred in Israel in 2006 

(699), how many bombings occurred in 

Algeria in June 2007 (4), or to compare 

the incidence of male and female suicide 

bombers over the past three years.

Terrorists must have initiated and 

executed the attack on noncombatants 

(including soldiers outside of war zones) 

for it to be included in the database; 

failed or foiled attacks, as well as hoaxes, 

are not included in WITS. Spontaneous 

hate crimes without intent to cause mass 

casualties are excluded to the greatest 

extent possible. 

NCTC also provides the US State 

Department with the statistical data on 

the number of individuals killed, injured, 

or kidnapped by terrorist groups, all 

taken from the WITS database. This 

information is used to help compile the 

Congressionally mandated Country 

Reports on Terrorism, which is the 

US Government’s definitive index of 

terrorism incidents that occurred in 

the previous calendar year. Country 

Reports on Terrorism are available at 

www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/crt.

0

300

600

900

1200

1500

1800

Fatalities

Suicide Attacks

1st QTR

2nd QTR

3rd QTR

4th QTR

1st QTR

2nd QTR

3rd QTR

4th QTR

1st QTR

2nd QTR

3rd QTR

4th QTR

1st QTR

2nd QTR

AQSL 

Admonishment 

Letter to Zarqawi

Samarra’ 

Mosque 

Bombing

Zarqawi Killed,

Abu Ayyub

Successor

“Surge” Forces 

Fully Deployed,

Sahwa Council 

Expansion

“Surge” 

Begins

cThe WITS Web site is available at www.nctc.gov
Counterterrorism 2009 134 www.nctc.gov

Law enforcement officers should be on the watch for these emblems and/or named 

groups during traffic stops and other contacts. These emblems may be found on jewelry, 

documents, auto stickers, and other forms of advertisement. Their display may indicate 

membership in these groups and/or financial/general support for the listed groups. These 

groups appear on the US Secretary of State’s list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations.

17 November 

Revolutionary Organization

Abu Nidal

Organization (ANO)

Al-Aqsa Martyrs 

Brigade

Al-Jihad (Egyptian 

Islamic Jihad)

Al-Qa‘ida

 

Al-Qa‘ida in the Islamic 

Maghreb (formerly 

GSPC)

Al-Shabbab Ansar al-Islam

Armed Islamic Group 

(GIA)

Aum Shinrikyo

A.K.A. Aum Supreme Truth

Basque Fatherland and 

Liberty (ETA)

Republican

Poblachiach

Continuity IRA

FARC

Revolutionary Armed Forces

of Colombia

HAMAS Hizballah 

(Party of God)

Jaish-e-Mohammed 

(JEM)

Terrorist Logos
www.nctc.gov 135 Counterterrorism 2009

Jemaah Islamiya (JI) Kahane Chai

(KACH) Kongra-Gel (KGK, 

formerly Kurdistan 

Workers’ Party, PKK, 

Kadek)

Lashkar-e-Tayyiba

(LT or Army of the 

Righteous)

Lashkar-e-Tayyiba

(poster)

Liberation Tigers of 

Tamil Eelam (LTTE)

Mujahedin-e Khalq 

Organization (MEK)

National Liberation 

Army (ELN)

New People’s Army

 (NPA)

Palestine Islamic Jihad

(PIJ)

Palestine Liberation 

Front (PLF) Popular Front for the 

Liberation of Palestine 

(PFLP)

Popular Front for the 

Liberation of PalestineGeneral Command 

(PFLP-GC)

Real IRA Revolutionary People’s 

Liberation Party/Front

Shining Path 

(Sendero Luminoso)

Terrorist Logos
Counterterrorism 2009 136 www.nctc.gov

Captured or Killed

Aafia Siddiqui

Siddiqui, charged with attempting to kill US officers and employees, was 

arrested in Afghanistan on 17 July 2008 for suspicious behavior. On 18 

July, she attempted to shoot a US military officer. She was transported to 

the United States in August.

Abu Khabab al-Masri

Abu Khabab, whose real name was Midhat Mursi al-Sayid Umar and who 

was an explosives and poisons expert working on behalf of al-Qa‘ida, was 

killed in a blast in Pakistan in July 2008.

‘Imad Mughniyah

Senior Hizballah official, possible head of group’s intelligence section 

and indicted for role in 1985 hijacking and murder, was killed by a vehicle 

bomb detonated by unknown persons in Damascus in February 2008.

Abu Layth al-Libi

Al-Qa‘ida military commander and spokesman was killed in January 

2008.

Abu Solaiman

Senior member of Abu Sayyaf Group, responsible for planning attacks 

against US and other foreign nationals in the Philippines, was killed in 

January 2007.

‘Abd al-Hadi al-Iraqi

Al-Qa‘ida No. 3 and chief of external operations, was detained in late 

2006.

Dhiren Barot

Al-Qa‘ida operative, also known as Issa al-Hindi, was sentenced to 

life imprisonment in November 2006 for providing al-Qa‘ida detailed 

reconnaissance and plans for attacks on the Prudential Building in New 

Jersey, the International Monetary Fund headquarters in Washington, 

D.C., and the New York Stock Exchange and Citigroup building in New 

York City. 

Khadafi Janjalani

Head of Abu Sayyaf Group, was killed in September 2006 clash with 

Philippine security forces.

Abu Mus‘ab al-Zarqawi

Head of al-Qa‘ida in Iraq, responsible for hundreds of deaths; was killed 

in June 2006 in Iraq.

Muhsin Musa Matwalli Atwah

Extremist charged with participation in attack on US embassies in Africa 

in 1998, was killed in April 2006 in Pakistan.
www.nctc.gov 137 Counterterrorism 2009

Captured or Killed

Hamza Rabi‘a

Al-Qa‘ida No. 3, chief of external operations, was killed in December 

2005 in Pakistan.

Azahari Bin Husin

Jemaah Islamiya bombmaker, believed responsible for the Bali attack in 

2002, was killed in shootout in Indonesia in November 2005. 

Mustafa Setmariam Nasar

Al-Qa‘ida propagandist and trainer, indicted in Spain for his role in 

Madrid train bombings in 2004, was arrested in Pakistan in November 

2005.

Abu Faraj al-Libi

Al-Qa‘ida No. 3, was arrested in Pakistan in May 2005.

Hambali

Jemaah Islamiya operations chief, detained in Thailand in August 2003.

Khalid Shaykh Muhammad

Al-Qa‘ida No. 3, responsible for planning the 9/11 attacks in United 

States, was arrested in Pakistan in March 2003.

Mir Amal Kansi

Pakistani extremist who killed two CIA employees and injured three 

others outside CIA Headquarters in 1993, was executed in United States 

in November 2002.

Abu Zubaydah

Senior al-Qa‘ida planner, was arrested in Pakistan in March 2002.

Muhammad Atef

Al-Qa‘ida No. 3, also known as Abu Hafs al-Masri, charged with directly 

planning the attacks on US embassies in Africa in 1998, was killed in 

Afghanistan in November 2001.

Ramzi Yousef

A relative of Khalid Shaykh Muhammad and one of the planners of the 

1993 World Trade Center attack, was sentenced in the United States to life 

in prison in 1997.

‘Umar ‘Abd al-Rahman

Also known as The Blind Shaykh, was arrested in 1993 for plotting 

attacks against New York City landmarks; he was convicted in 1995 and 

sentenced to life imprisonment in 1996.
Counterterrorism 2009 138 www.nctc.gov

The sites below are oriented toward official US Government information and are 

mostly for people living in the United States. Other countries maintain their own 

lists of fugitives and suspect groups. Residents of other countries should consult their 

own law enforcement agencies.

To report suspicious persons or activity, 

please visit:

1. Rewards for Justice: http://www.rewardsforjustice.net, then click the 

“Submit a Tip” bar, or send an E-mail to rfj@state.gov. Or, in the United 

States, call 1-800-US REWARDS (1-800-877-3927).

2. FBI: https://tips.fbi.gov. Or, in the United States, call (202) 324-3000 [FBI main 

switchboard].

3. To find phone numbers of regional FBI offices in the United States, visit 

http://www.fbi.gov/contact/fo/fo.htm. If you are outside the United States 

and want to reach the FBI, call the nearest US Embassy or Consulate office; for 

phone numbers, see http://www/fbi.gov/contact/legat/legat.htm.

4. Individuals outside the United States may want to contact the Central Intelligence 

Agency. The CIA Web site is at http://www.cia.gov.

Think you’ve seen a wanted person?

Does a certain face “ring a bell?” To view photographs of wanted terrorists, visit:

http://www.rewardsforjustice.net

http://www.fbi.gov/wanted/terrorists/fugitives.htm

Are you wondering whether a business, charity, 

Nongovernmental Organization (NGO) or other

entity has terrorist ties?

Do you want to make sure you can donate money to such an organization legally? You 

can view designated individuals and groups at these sites:

Designated Foreign Terrorist Organizations: 

http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/crt/2006/82738.htm

Terrorist Exclusion List:

http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/fs/2004/32678.htm

Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons: 

http://www.treasury.gov/offices/enforcement/ofac/sdn/t11sdn.pdf

Other resources:

US National Counterterrorism Center: 

http://www.nctc.gov

US State Department Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism: 

http://www.state.gov/s/ct

Have Suspicions?
www.nctc.gov 139 Counterterrorism 2009

State Sponsors of Terrorism

State sponsors of terrorism provide critical support to non-state terrorist groups. 

Without state sponsors, terrorist groups would have greater difficulty obtaining 

the funds, weapons, materials, and secure areas they require to plan and conduct 

operations. More worrisome is that some of these countries also have the capability 

to manufacture weapons of mass destruction (WMD) that could get into the hands of 

terrorists. The United States will continue to insist that these countries end the support 

they give to terrorist groups. As of 14 October 2008, the United States designates the 

following countries as State Sponsors of Terrorism.

A country designated as a State Sponsor becomes subject to four main sets of 

US Government sanctions:

1. A ban on arms-related exports and sales.

2. Controls over exports of dual-use items, requiring 30-day Congressional notification 

for goods or services that could significantly enhance the terrorist-list country’s military 

capability or ability to support terrorism.

3. Prohibitions on economic assistance.

4. Imposition of miscellaneous financial and other restrictions, including:

•	 Requiring the United States to oppose loans by the World Bank and other 

international financial institutions;

•	 Exception from the jurisdictional immunity in US courts of state sponsor 

countries, and all former state sponsor countries (with the exception of 

Iraq), with respect to claims for money damages for personal injury or death 

caused by certain acts of terrorism, torture, or extrajudicial killing, or the 

provision of material support or resources for such acts;

•	 Denying companies and individuals tax credits for income earned in 

terrorist-list countries;

•	 Denial of duty-free treatment of goods exported to the United States;

•	 Authority to prohibit any US citizen from engaging in a financial 

transaction with a terrorist-list government without a Treasury Department 

license; and

•	 Prohibition of Defense Department contracts above $100,000 with 

companies in which a state sponsor government owns or controls a 

significant interest.

http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/crt/2007/103711.htm

Country Date of Designation

Cuba 1 March 1982

Iran 19 January 1984

Sudan 12 August 1993

Syria 29 December 1979
Counterterrorism 2009 140 www.nctc.gov

Foreign Terrorist Organizations

as of 14 October 2008

Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTOs) are foreign organizations that are designated 

by the Secretary of State in accordance with section 219 of the Immigration and 

Nationality Act (INA), as amended. FTO designations play a critical role in our fight 

against terrorism and are an effective means of curtailing support for terrorist activities 

and pressuring groups to get out of the terrorism business. 

Current List of Designated Foreign 

Terrorist Organizations

1. Abu Nidal Organization (ANO)

2. Abu Sayyaf Group

3. Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade

4. Al-Shabaab

5. Ansar al-Islam

6. Armed Islamic Group (GIA)

7. Asbat al-Ansar

8. Aum Shinrikyo

9. Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA)

10. Communist Party of the Philippines/New People’s Army (CPP/NPA)

11. Continuity Irish Republican Army

12. Gama‘a al-Islamiyya (Islamic Group)

13. HAMAS (Islamic Resistance Movement)

14. Harakat ul-Jihad-i-Islami/Bangladesh (HUJI-B)

15. Harakat ul-Mujahidin (HUM)

16. Hizballah (Party of God)

17. Islamic Jihad Group

18. Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU)

19. Jaish-e-Mohammed (JEM) (Army of Mohammed)

20. Jemaah Islamiya organization (JI)

21. al-Jihad (Egyptian Islamic Jihad)

22. Kahane Chai (Kach)

23. Kongra-Gel (KGK, formerly Kurdistan Workers’ Party, PKK, KADEK)

24. Lashkar-e Tayyiba (LT) (Army of the Righteous)

25. Lashkar i Jhangvi

26. Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)

27. Libyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG)

28. Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group (GICM)

29. Mujahedin-e Khalq Organization (MEK)

30. National Liberation Army (ELN)

31. Palestine Liberation Front (PLF)

32. Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ)

33. Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP)
www.nctc.gov 141 Counterterrorism 2009

Foreign Terrorist Organizations

34. PFLP-General Command (PFLP-GC)

35. Tanzim Qa‘idat al-Jihad fi Bilad al-Rafidayn (QJBR) (al-Qa‘ida in Iraq) 

(formerly Jama‘at al-Tawhid wa‘al-Jihad, JTJ, al-Zarqawi Network)

36. al-Qa‘ida

37. al-Qa‘ida in the Lands of the Islamic Maghreb (formerly GSPC)

38. Real IRA

39. Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC)

40. Revolutionary Nuclei (formerly ELA)

41. Revolutionary Organization 17 November

42. Revolutionary People’s Liberation Party/Front (DHKP/C)

43. Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso, SL)

44. United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC)

This list can be found at http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/fs/08/103392.htm

Terrorism Definitions

These definitions are set forth in US law, Title 22 of the US Code, Section 2656f(d).

Terrorism

Premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by 

subnational groups or clandestine agents.

International Terrorism

Terrorism involving citizens or the territory of more than one country.

Terrorist Group

Any group practicing, or which has significant subgroups which practice, international terrorism.

as of 14 October 2008
Counterterrorism 2009 142 www.nctc.gov

Terrorist Exclusion List Designees

Afghan Support Committee (a.k.a. Ahya ul 

Turas; a.k.a. Jamiat Ayat-ur-Rhas al Islamia; 

a.k.a. Jamiat Ihya ul Turath al Islamia; a.k.a. 

Lajnat el Masa Eidatul Afghania) 

Al Taqwa Trade, Property and Industry 

Company Ltd. (f.k.a. Al Taqwa Trade, Property 

and Industry; f.k.a. Al Taqwa Trade, Property 

and Industry Establishment; f.k.a. Himmat 

Establishment; a.k.a. Waldenberg, AG) 

Al-Hamati Sweets Bakeries 

Al-Ittihad al-Islami (AIAI) 

Al-Manar 

Al-Ma’unah 

Al-Nur Honey Center 

Al-Rashid Trust 

Al-Shifa Honey Press for Industry and 

Commerce 

Al-Wafa al-Igatha al-Islamia (a.k.a. Wafa 

Humanitarian Organization; a.k.a. Al Wafa; 

a.k.a. Al Wafa Organization) 

Alex Boncayao Brigade (ABB) 

Anarchist Faction for Overthrow 

Army for the Liberation of Rwanda (ALIR) 

(a.k.a. Interahamwe, Former Armed Forces 

(EX-FAR)) 

Asbat al-Ansar 

Babbar Khalsa International 

Bank Al Taqwa Ltd. (a.k.a. Al Taqwa Bank; 

a.k.a. Bank Al Taqwa) 

Black Star 

Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (a.k.a. 

CPN(M); a.k.a. the United Revolutionary 

People’s Council, a.k.a. the People’s Liberation 

Army of Nepal) 

Continuity Irish Republican Army (CIRA) 

(a.k.a. Continuity Army Council) 

Darkazanli Company 

Dhamat Houmet Daawa Salafia (a.k.a. Group 

Protectors of Salafist Preaching; a.k.a. Houmat 

Ed Daawa Es Salifiya; a.k.a. Katibat El Ahoual; 

a.k.a. Protectors of the Salafist Predication; 

a.k.a. El-Ahoual Battalion; a.k.a. Katibat El 

Ahouel; a.k.a. Houmate Ed-Daawa Es-Salafia; 

a.k.a. the Horror Squadron; a.k.a. Djamaat 

Houmat Eddawa Essalafia; a.k.a. Djamaatt 

Houmat Ed Daawa Es Salafiya; a.k.a. Salafist 

Call Protectors; a.k.a. Djamaat Houmat Ed 

Daawa Es Salafiya; a.k.a. Houmate el Da’awaa 

es-Salafiyya; a.k.a. Protectors of the Salafist 

Call; a.k.a. Houmat ed-Daaoua es-Salafia; a.k.a. 

Group of Supporters of the Salafiste Trend; 

a.k.a. Group of Supporters of the Salafist Trend) 

Eastern Turkistan Islamic Movement 

(a.k.a. Eastern Turkistan Islamic Party; a.k.a. 

ETIM; a.k.a. ETIP) 

First of October Antifascist Resistance Group 

(GRAPO) (a.k.a. Grupo de Resistencia AntiFascista Premero De Octubre) 

Section 411 of the USA PATRIOT ACT of 2001 (8 U.S.C. § 1182) authorized the Secretary of 

State, in consultation with or upon the request of the Attorney General, to designate terrorist 

organizations for immigration purposes. This authority is known as the “Terrorist Exclusion 

List (TEL)” authority. A TEL designation bolsters homeland security efforts by facilitating the 

US Government’s ability to exclude aliens associated with entities on the TEL from entering the 

United States. 

Designation Criteria

An organization can be placed on the TEL if the Secretary of State finds that the organization: 

•	 commits or incites to commit, under circumstances indicating an intention 

to cause death or serious bodily injury, a terrorist activity; 

•	 prepares or plans a terrorist activity; 

•	 gathers information on potential targets for terrorist activity; or 

•	 provides material support to further terrorist activity.

as of 14 October 2008
www.nctc.gov 143 Counterterrorism 2009

Terrorist Exclusion List Designees

Harakat ul Jihad i Islami (HUJI) 

International Sikh Youth Federation 

Islamic Army of Aden 

Islamic Renewal and Reform Organization 

Jamiat al-Ta’awun al-Islamiyya 

Jamiat ul-Mujahideen (JUM) 

Japanese Red Army (JRA) 

Jaysh-e-Mohammed 

Jayshullah 

Jerusalem Warriors 

Lashkar-e-Tayyiba (LET) (a.k.a. Army of the 

Righteous) 

Libyan Islamic Fighting Group 

Loyalist Volunteer Force (LVF) 

Makhtab al-Khidmat 

Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group (a.k.a. 

GICM; a.k.a. Groupe Islamique Combattant 

Marocain) 

Nada Management Organization (f.k.a. Al 

Taqwa Management Organization SA) 

New People’s Army (NPA) 

Orange Volunteers (OV) 

People Against Gangsterism and Drugs 

(PAGAD) 

Red Brigades-Combatant Communist Party 

(BR-PCC) 

Red Hand Defenders (RHD) 

Revival of Islamic Heritage Society (Pakistan 

and Afghanistan offices -- Kuwait office not 

designated) (a.k.a. Jamia Ihya ul Turath; a.k.a. 

Jamiat Ihia Al- Turath Al-Islamiya; a.k.a. 

Revival of Islamic Society Heritage on the 

African Continent) 

Revolutionary Proletarian Nucleus 

Revolutionary United Front (RUF) 

Salafist Group for Call and Combat (GSPC) 

The Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) 

The Islamic International Brigade (a.k.a. 

International Battalion, a.k.a. Islamic 

Peacekeeping International Brigade, 

a.k.a. Peacekeeping Battalion, a.k.a. The 

International Brigade, a.k.a. The Islamic 

Peacekeeping Army, a.k.a. The Islamic 

Peacekeeping Brigade) 

The Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) 

The Pentagon Gang 

The Riyadus-Salikhin Reconnaissance and 

Sabotage Battalion of Chechen Martyrs 

(a.k.a. Riyadus-Salikhin Reconnaissance 

and Sabotage Battalion, a.k.a. Riyadh-asSaliheen, a.k.a. the Sabotage and Military 

Surveillance Group of the Riyadh alSalihin Martyrs, a.k.a. Riyadus-Salikhin 

Reconnaissance and Sabotage Battalion of 

Shahids (Martyrs)) 

The Special Purpose Islamic Regiment (a.k.a. 

the Islamic Special Purpose Regiment, a.k.a. 

the al-Jihad-Fisi-Sabililah Special Islamic 

Regiment, a.k.a. Islamic Regiment of Special 

Meaning) 

Tunisian Combat Group (a.k.a. GCT, a.k.a. 

Groupe Combattant Tunisien, a.k.a. Jama’a 

Combattante Tunisien, a.k.a. JCT; a.k.a. 

Tunisian Combatant Group) 

Turkish Hizballah 

Ulster Defense Association (a.k.a. Ulster 

Freedom Fighters) 

Ummah Tameer E-Nau (UTN) (a.k.a. 

Foundation for Construction; a.k.a. Nation 

Building; a.k.a. Reconstruction Foundation; 

a.k.a. Reconstruction of the Islamic 

Community; a.k.a. Reconstruction of the 

Muslim Ummah; a.k.a. Ummah Tameer 

I-Nau; a.k.a. Ummah Tameer E-Nau; a.k.a. 

Ummah Tameer-I-Pau) 

Youssef M. Nada & Co. Gesellschaft M.B.H.

The current list can be found at: http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/fs/2004/32678.htm

www.nctc.gov 145 Counterterrorism 2009

Index

A

Aafia Siddiqui 136

‘Abd al-Aziz al-Rantisi 35

‘Abd Al Aziz Awda 90

‘Abd al-Hadi al-Iraqi 136

‘Abd al-Rahman 10, 83, 137

‘Abd al-Rahman, Atiyah 10

‘Abd al-Rahman, Umar 9, 83, 137

Abdelkarim Hussein Mohamed al-Nasser 70

Abderraouf Ben Habib Jdey 30, 32

Abderraouf Jdey 30, 32

Abdullah, Abdullah Ahmed 6, 52

Abdullah Ahmed Abdullah 6, 52

Abdullah Ocalan 9, 17, 19, 57, 113, 114

Abdul Rahman Yasin 20

Abu Ayyub al-Masri 38

Abu Baker Bashir 74

Abu Faraj al-Libi 137

Abu Hafs al-Masri Brigade 25

Abu Hamza al-Masri 132

Abu Jihad al-Masri 16

Abu Khabab al-Masri 136

Abu Layth al-Libi 4, 13, 136

Abu Mus‘ab al-Zarqawi 4, 10, 21, 38, 51, 53, 65, 136, 141

Abu Nidal Organization (ANO) 51, 59, 77, 99, 109, 134, 140

Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) 5, 37, 45, 47, 51, 59, 67, 69, 75, 76, 83, 91, 92, 94, 105, 

136, 140

Abu Solaiman 136

Abu Umar al-Baghdadi 38

Abu Zubaydah 137

Acetylene 120

Achille Lauro 85

Adam Pearlman 14

Adam Yahiye Gadahn 14

Adnan G. el Shukrijumah 24

Afghan Support Committee 142

Ahmad Ibrahim al-Mughassil 66

Ahmed Mohamed Hamed Ali 6, 48

Ahmed Ressam 33, 131

AI (Ansar al-Islam) 106, 134, 140

al-Adel, Saif 12, 18

al-Amriki, Azzam 14

al-Ansar, ‘Asbat 97, 98, 140, 142

al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade 7, 13, 19, 21, 27, 31, 35, 39, 53, 81, 96, 111, 134, 140

al-Badawi, Jamal Mohammad 40
Counterterrorism 2009 146 www.nctc.gov

Index

al-Baghdadi, Abu Umar 38

al-Bakri, Ali Sayyid Muhamed Mustafa 12

Alex Boncayao Brigade 142

Al-Faran 57, 59

al-Gama‘at al-Islamiyya 51, 55, 97, 103

Al-Hamati Sweets Bakeries 142

al-Hariri, Rafiq 17

Ali Atwa 58

Ali Hamadi, Muhammad 45

al-Iraqi, ‘Abd al-Hadi 136

Ali Saed bin Ali el-Hoorie 64

Ali Sayyid Muhamed Mustafa al-Bakri 12

Al-Ittihad al-Islami 142

Al-Jihad 134

al-Libi, Abu Faraj 137

al-Libi, Abu Layth 4, 13, 136

al-Liby, Anas 6, 44

The Allied Democratic Forces 143

Al-Manar 142

al-Masri, Abu Ayyub 38

Al-Masri, Abu Hamza 132

al-Masri, Abu Jihad 16

al-Masri, Abu Khabab 136

Al-Ma’unah 142

al-Mughassil, Ahmad Ibrahim 66

al-Nasser, Abdelkarim Hussein Mohamed 70

Al-Nur Honey Center 142

al-Qa‘ida (AQ) 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 21, 22, 24, 26, 30, 32, 38, 43, 49, 51, 

59, 67, 69, 71, 73, 77, 78, 79, 81, 82, 84, 85, 87, 94, 95, 97, 98, 99, 100, 102, 

103, 104, 106, 109, 115, 134, 136, 137, 141

al-Qa‘ida in Iraq (AQI) 21, 38, 51, 95, 98, 106, 136, 141

al-Qa‘ida in the Lands of the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) 4, 5, 23, 71, 100, 103, 141

al-Qa‘ida in Yemen (AQY) 79, 102

al-Quds Brigades 86

al-Quso, Fahd Mohammed Ahmed 42

al-Rantisi, ‘Abd al-Aziz 35

Al-Rashid Trust 142

Al-Shabaab 104, 140

Al-Shifa Honey Press for Industry and Commerce 142

Al-Sirat al-Mustaqim 43

Al Taqwa Trade, Property and Industry Company Ltd. 142

al-Tayyar, Jaafar 24

al-Tunisi, Yusif 30

Aluminum 120

Al-Wafa al-Igatha al-Islamia 142

al-Yacoub, Ibrahim Salih Mohammed 68
www.nctc.gov 147 Counterterrorism 2009

Index

al-Zarqawi, Abu Mus‘ab 4, 10, 21, 38, 51, 53, 65, 136, 141

al-Zawahiri, Ayman 4, 8, 12, 102

Amer El-Maati 28

Anarchist Faction for Overthrow 142

Anas al-Liby 6, 44

ANFO 120

ANO (Abu Nidal Organization) 51, 59, 77, 99, 109, 134, 140

Ansar al-Islam (AI) 106, 134, 140

Ansar al-Sunna (AS) 10, 15, 59, 106

Anthrax 122, 129

AQ (al-Qa‘ida) 3, 4, 6, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 21, 22, 24, 26, 30, 32, 38, 43, 49, 51, 59, 

67, 69, 71, 73, 77, 78, 79, 81, 82, 84, 85, 87, 94, 95, 97, 98, 99, 100, 102, 103, 

104, 106, 109, 115, 134, 136, 137, 141

AQI (al-Qa‘ida in Iraq) 21, 38, 51, 95, 98, 106, 136, 141

AQIM (al-Qa‘ida in the Lands of the Islamic Maghreb) 4, 5, 23, 71, 100, 103, 141

AQY (al-Qa‘ida in Yemen) 79, 102

Aris Sumarsono 84

Armed Islamic Group (GIA) 11, 29, 59, 63, 77, 87, 100, 134, 140

Army for the Liberation of Rwanda 142

Army of Aden-Abyan 73

Army of Mohammed 112, 140

AS (Ansar al-Sunna) 10, 15, 59, 106

‘Asbat al-Ansar 97, 98, 140, 142

ASG (Abu Sayyaf Group) 5, 37, 45, 47, 51, 59, 67, 69, 75, 76, 83, 91, 92, 94, 105, 

136, 140

Atef, Muhammad 137

Atiyah ‘Abd al-Rahman 10

Atwa, Ali 58

Atwah, Muhsin Musa Matwalli 136

AUC (United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia) 37, 141

Aum Shinrikyo 27, 47, 61, 134, 140

Awda, ‘Abd Al Aziz 90

Ayman al-Zawahiri 4, 8, 12, 102

Azahari bin Husin 74, 82, 83, 137

Azhar, Masood 112

Azzam al-Amriki 14

B

Babbar Khalsa International 142

Bali 74, 78, 80, 82, 83, 84, 87, 89, 137

Bank Al Taqwa Ltd. 142

Barot, Dhiren 136

Bashir, Abu Baker 74

Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA) 41, 43, 59, 61, 63, 65, 71, 89, 91, 93, 95, 134, 

140

Battle of Badr 72, 77
Counterterrorism 2009 148 www.nctc.gov

Index

bin Hir, Zulkifli 76

bin Husin, Azahari 74, 82, 83, 137

Bin Ladin, Usama 4, 6, 8, 10, 21, 22, 23, 38, 53, 77, 81, 84, 87, 95, 104

Biological Threats 123

Black powder 120

Black September 5, 75, 91, 109

Black Star 142

Blasting gel 120

Blind Shaykh 9, 137

Bomb Threat

Call Procedures 160

Stand-Off Distances 118

Botulinum Toxins 123

Boussora, Faker Ben Abdelaziz 30, 32

Buckley, William 27

BZ (incapacitating agent) 125

C

C-4 119, 120

Carlos the Jackal 69, 73, 107

Castor Beans 128

Chemical

Agents 125

Indicators of a Possible Incident 124

Toxic Industrial 127

Chlorine 125, 127

Chloroacetophenone 125

Chlorobenzylidene Malononitrile 125

Christmas 7, 107, 111

Cole, USS 4, 40, 42, 87

Communist Party of Nepal 142

Communist Party of the Philippines/New People’s Army (CPP/NPA) 135, 140

Composition B 120

Continuity IRA 134, 140, 142

CPP/NPA (Communist Party of the Philippines/New People’s Army) 135, 140

Cuba 139

Cyanide, Hydrogen 125

Cyanides (Blood Agents) 125

Cyanogen Chloride 125

D

Dagestan Liberation Army 77

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 4, 6, 8, 18, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 67

Darkazanli Company 142

David Foy 36
www.nctc.gov 149 Counterterrorism 2009

Index

DEMEX 119

Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine 21

Devrimci Sol 117

Dev Sol 117

Dhamat Houmet Daawa Salafia 142

Dhiren Barot 136

DHKP/C (Revolutionary People’s Liberation Party/Front) 49, 117, 135, 141

Diphenylaminearsine 125

Distilled Sulfur Mustard 125

Document Indicators, Terrorist 131

Dulmatin 78

Dynamite 120

E

Easter 35, 37

East Turkistan Islamic Movement 142

Egyptian Islamic Jihad (EIJ) 4, 8, 12, 18, 71, 85, 87, 97, 134, 140

Eid al-Adha 99, 101

Eid al-Fitr 81

EIJ (Egyptian Islamic Jihad) 4, 8, 12, 18, 71, 85, 87, 97, 134, 140

ELA (Revolutionary Nuclei) 83, 141

Elbaneh, Jaber A. 26

el-Hoorie, Ali Saed bin Ali 64

El-Maati, Amer 28

ELN (National Liberation Army) 7, 17, 27, 39, 55, 67, 73, 79, 93, 111, 135, 140

el Shukrijumah, Adnan G. 24

ETA (Basque Fatherland and Liberty) 41, 43, 59, 61, 63, 65, 71, 89, 91, 93, 95, 

134, 140

Ethylene oxide 120

Explosives

Fuel-Air Mixtures 120

Plastic 119

Stand-Off Distances 118

TNT Equivalents 120

F

Fahd Mohammed Ahmed al-Quso 42

Fahid Mohammed Ally Msalam 6, 54

Faker Ben Abdelaziz Boussora 30, 32

FARC (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia) 5, 17, 21, 23, 25, 37, 39, 45, 47, 

55, 57, 67, 77, 83, 107, 109, 116, 134, 141

Fatah 96

Fazul Abdullah Mohammed 6, 46

Fazul, Harun 46

Financial, Indicators of Suspicious Activity 130
Counterterrorism 2009 150 www.nctc.gov

Index

Finsbury Park 132

First of October Antifascist Resistance Group (GRAPO) 65, 142

Flour 120

Foreign Terrorist Organizations 134, 140, 141

Foy, David 36

G

Gadahn, Adam Yahiye 14

Gama’a al-Islamiyya 140

George Tsantes 97

GIA (Armed Islamic Group) 11, 29, 59, 63, 77, 87, 100, 134, 140

GICM (Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group) 140, 143

Good Friday 33

GRAPO (First of October Antifascist Resistance Group) 65, 142

GSPC (Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat) 4, 81, 100, 141, 143. See 

also al-Qa‘ida in the Lands of the Islamic Maghreb

H

Hamadei, Mohammed Ali 60

HAMAS 5, 7, 9, 21, 23, 25, 29, 31, 33, 35, 41, 47, 49, 63, 65, 67, 71, 75, 81, 87, 96, 

97, 101, 105, 107, 108, 109, 111, 113, 134, 140

Hambali 69, 74, 84, 137

Hamed Ali, Ahmed Mohamed 6, 48

Hamza Rabi‘a 137

Hanukkah 103, 105

Hapilon, Isnilon 94

Harakat Shabaab al-Mujahidin 104

Harakat-ul-Ansar 101

Harakat-ul-Jihad 23

Harakat ul Jihad i Islami 143

Harakat ul-Jihad-i-Islami/Bangladesh (HUJI-B) 140

Harakat ul-Mujahidin 140

Harun Fazul 46

Hasan Izz-al-Din 62

Have Suspicions 138

Hawari group 31

Hizballah 19, 27, 33, 35, 53, 55, 56, 58, 60, 61, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 99, 101, 103, 134, 

136, 140, 143

Hizballah’s Islamic Jihad Organization 101

Hizb-ul-Mujahedin 99

HUJI-B (Harakat ul-Jihad-i-Islami/Bangladesh) 140

Hydrogen Cyanide 125
www.nctc.gov 151 Counterterrorism 2009

Index

I

Ibrahim Salih Mohammed al-Yacoub 68

IJU (Islamic Jihad Union) 110

‘Imad Mughniyah 17, 56, 136

Improvised Explosive Devices 120

Impure Sulfur Mustard 125

IMU (Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan) 140

Incapacitating Agents 125

Indian Mujahidin 43, 65

Indicators of Suspicious Financial Activity 130

Industrial Chemicals, Toxic 127

International Sikh Youth Federation 143

International Terrorism Definition 141

Intifada Martyrs 5, 109

IRA 61, 134, 135, 141

Iran 139

Iraultza 101

Islamic Army in Iraq 106

Islamic Army of Aden 143

Islamic Inquilab Mahaz 91

The Islamic International Brigade 143

Islamic Jihad 4, 8, 11, 12, 18, 27, 49, 53, 56, 69, 71, 79, 81, 85, 86, 88, 89, 90, 91, 101, 

102, 110, 134, 135, 140

Islamic Jihad Group of Uzbekistan 110, 140

Islamic Jihad Union (IJU) 110

Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) 140

Islamic Renewal and Reform Organization 143

Isnilon Hapilon 94

Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades 108

Izz-al-Din, Hasan 62

J

Jaafar al-Tayyar 24

Jaafar the Pilot 24

Jaber A. Elbaneh 26

Jaish-e-Mohammed (JEM) 105, 112, 134, 140, 143

Jama‘at al-Tawhid wa-al Jihad 38

Jamal Mohammad al-Badawi 40

Jamiat al-Ta’awun al-Islamiyya 143

Jamiat ul-Mujahedin 107, 143

Janjalani, Khadafi 75, 92, 136

Japanese Red Army 19, 47, 143

Jayshullah 143

Jdey, Abderraouf Ben Habib 30, 32

Jemaah Islamiya (JI) 31, 67, 69, 74, 76, 82, 83, 84, 87, 92, 94, 135, 137, 140
Counterterrorism 2009 152 www.nctc.gov

Index

JEM (Jaish-e-Mohammed) 105, 112, 134, 140, 143

Jerusalem Warriors 143

JFK International Airport 49

JI (Jemaah Islamiya) 31, 67, 69, 74, 76, 82, 83, 84, 87, 92, 94, 135, 137, 140

K

Kahane Chai (Kach) 135, 140

Kansi, Mir Amal 13, 95, 137

Kenya 4, 6, 8, 18, 34, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 67

KGK (Kongra-Gel) 17, 65, 114, 135, 140

Khadafi Janjalani 75, 92, 136

Khalid Shaykh Muhammad 3, 23, 137

Khobar Towers 55, 56, 64, 66, 68, 70

KMM (Kumpulun Mujahidin Malaysia) 76

Kongra-Gel (KGK) 17, 65, 114, 135, 140

Kumpulun Mujahidin Malaysia (KMM) 76

Kurdistan Freedom Hawks (TAK) 114

Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) 9, 17, 19, 23, 37, 45, 57, 113, 114, 135, 140. See 

also Kongra-Gel (KGK)

L

La Belle Disco 31, 35

Land Day 31

Lashkar-e Tayyiba (LT) 53, 59, 69, 81, 99, 105, 112, 115, 135, 140, 143

Lashkar i Jhangvi 140

Laylat al-Qadr 72, 79

Lebanese Armed Revolutionary Brigades 31

Lewisite 125

Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) 23, 25, 45, 49, 51, 59, 63, 75, 83, 85, 87, 

89, 97, 103, 105, 135, 140

Libyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG) 10, 140, 143

LIFG (Libyan Islamic Fighting Group) 10, 140, 143

Lord’s Resistance Army 19, 143

Los Angeles International Airport 29, 33, 131

Loyalist Volunteer Force 143

LT (Lashkar-e Tayyiba) 53, 59, 69, 81, 99, 105, 112, 115, 135, 140, 143

LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam) 23, 25, 45, 49, 51, 59, 63, 75, 83, 85, 87, 

89, 97, 103, 105, 135, 140

Lunar Calendar 72

M

M-19 21, 93

Makhtab al-Khidmat 143

MAPP 120

Masood Azhar 112
www.nctc.gov 153 Counterterrorism 2009

Index

McVeigh, Timothy 37

MEK (Mujahedin-e Khalq Organization) 135, 140

Methane 120

MILF (Moro Islamic Liberation Front) 23, 92, 97

Milk Powder 120

Mir Amal Kansi 13, 95, 137

Mohajir Qaumi Movement (MQM) 71

Mohammed Ali Hamadei 60

Mohammed, Fazul Abdullah 6, 46

Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group (GICM) 140, 143

Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) 23, 92, 97

Moussaoui, Zacarias 41

MQM (Mohajir Qaumi Movement) 71

MRTA 37, 105

Msalam, Fahid Mohammed Ally 6, 54

Mughniyah, ‘Imad 17, 56, 136

Muhammad ‘Abd al-Il‘al 31

Muhammad Ali Hamadi 45

Muhammad Atef 137

Muhammad, Khalid Shaykh 3, 23, 137

Muhi al-Din Sharif 31

Muhsin Musa Matwalli Atwah 136

Mujahedin-e Khalq Organization (MEK) 135, 140

Mujahidin Shura Council 38

Mullah Omar 22

Mustafa Setmariam Nasar 137

Mustard 125

N

Nabhan, Saleh Ali Saleh 34

Nada Management Organization 143

Nairobi, Kenya 4, 6, 8, 18, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54

Nasar, Mustafa Setmariam 137

National Liberation Army (ELN) 7, 17, 27, 39, 55, 67, 73, 79, 93, 111, 135, 140

Nerve Agents 125

New People’s Army (NPA) 135, 140, 143

NOBEL 1509 119

Noordin Mohammad Top 74, 82

Nordeen, William 57

NP 10 119

NPA (New People’s Army) 135, 140, 143

O

Ocalan, Abdullah 9, 17, 19, 57, 113, 114

Omar, Mullah 22

Orange Volunteers 143
Counterterrorism 2009 154 www.nctc.gov

Index

P

Paint Pigments 120

Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) 31, 47, 69, 86, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 135, 140

Palestine Liberation Front (PLF) 135, 140

Palestinian Authority 86, 96, 108

Passover 29, 33, 35

Patek, Umar 80

PE-4 119

Pearlman, Adam 14

The Pentagon Gang 143

Pentolite 120

People Against Gangsterism and Drugs 143

PETN 119

PFLP-GC (Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command) 19, 33, 

135, 141

PFLP (Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine) 19, 47, 55, 87, 135, 140, 141

Phosgene 125

Photo Flash Powder 120

PIJ (Palestine Islamic Jihad) 31, 47, 69, 86, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 135, 140

Pinto Beans 128

PIRA 15, 21, 95, 105

PKK (Kurdistan Workers Party) 9, 17, 19, 23, 37, 45, 57, 113, 114, 135, 140. See 

also Kongra-Gel (KGK)

PLASTEX 119

Plastic Explosives 119

PLASTRITE 119

PLF (Palestine Liberation Front) 135, 140

PMW 135 119

Popular Forces of Liberation 31

Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command (PFLP-GC) 19, 33, 

135, 141

Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) 19, 47, 55, 87, 135, 140, 141

Propane 120

Pulmonary Agents 125

Q

Qari Mohammad Zafar 36

R

Rabi‘a, Hamza 137

Radicalization 132

Radiological, Indicators of a Possible Incident 121

Rafiq al-Hariri 17

Ramadan 71, 72, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81

Ramadan Abdullah Mohammad Shallah 88
www.nctc.gov 155 Counterterrorism 2009

Index

Ramzi Ahmed Yousef 7, 20, 111, 137

Real IRA 67, 135, 141

Red Army Faction 37, 49, 101

Red Brigades-Combatant Communist Party 143

Red Hand Defenders 143

Ressam, Ahmed 33, 131

Revenge Falcons of Apo 25

Revival of Islamic Heritage Society 143

Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) 5, 17, 21, 23, 25, 37, 39, 45, 47, 55, 

57, 67, 77, 83, 107, 109, 116, 134, 141

Revolutionary Cells 39

Revolutionary Nuclei (ELA) 83, 141

Revolutionary Organization 17 November 134, 141

Revolutionary People’s Liberation Party/Front (DHKP/C) 49, 117, 135, 141

Revolutionary Proletarian Nucleus 143

Revolutionary Struggle 9

Revolutionary United Front 143

Richard Welch 107

Ricin 128

Riot Control Agents 125

Riyadus-Salikhin Reconnaissance and Sabotage Battalion of Chechen Martyrs 143

Robert Stethem 53, 58, 60, 62

Rosh Hashanah 79, 81

ROWENEX 119

S

Saif al-Adel 12, 18

Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat (GSPC) 4, 100, 143. See also al-Qa‘ida in 

the Lands of the Islamic Maghreb

Saleh Ali Saleh Nabhan 34

Sarin 27, 55, 125, 126

The Satanic Verses 61, 87

Saudi Hizballah 55, 64, 66, 68, 70

Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia 73

SEISMOPLAST (P3) 119

SEMTEX 119

Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) 45, 85, 135, 141

17 November 33, 47, 51, 57, 61, 69, 83, 97, 107, 134, 141

Shallah, Ramadan Abdullah Mohammad 88

Shaykh Muhammad, Khalid 3, 23, 137

Sheikh Ahmed Salim Swedan 6, 50

Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) 45, 85, 135, 141

Shukrijumah 24

Siddiqui, Aafia 136

Smallpox 123

Smokeless Powder 120
Counterterrorism 2009 156 www.nctc.gov

Index

Solaiman, Abu 136

Soman 125

Special Purpose Islamic Regiment 143

SPRENG FOLIE (SF2) 119

Stand-Off Distances, Bomb Threat 118

State Sponsors of Terrorism 139

Stethem, Robert 53, 58, 60, 62

Sudan 139

Sugar 120

Sumarsono, Aris 84

Suspicions, Have 138

Suspicious

Indicators of Financial Activity 130

Substance 122

Swedan, Sheikh Ahmed Salim 6, 50

Syria 15, 17, 21, 33, 38, 81, 86, 88, 90, 139

T

Tabun 125

TAK (Kurdistan Freedom Hawks) 114

Taliban 22, 27, 41, 71

Tanzania, Dar es Salaam 4, 6, 8, 18, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 67

Tanzim Qa‘idat al-Jihad fi Bilad al-Rafidayn 38, 141

Terrorism Definitions

International Terrorism 141

Terrorist Group 141

Terrorist Document Indicators 131

Terrorist Exclusion List Designees 142, 143

Timothy McVeigh 37

Top, Noordin Mohammad 74, 82

Toxic Industrial Chemicals 127

Tsantes, George 97

Tunisian Combatant Group 143

Turkish Hizballah 143

25 April Movement 99

U

Ulster Defense Association/Ulster Freedom Fighters 143

‘Umar ‘Abd al-Rahman 9, 83, 137

Umar Patek 80

Ummah Tameer E-Nau 143

United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC) 37, 141

Usama Bin Ladin 4, 6, 8, 10, 21, 22, 23, 38, 53, 77, 81, 84, 87, 95, 104

USS Cole 4, 40, 42, 87
www.nctc.gov 157 Counterterrorism 2009

Index

V

VBIED (Vehicle-Borne Improvised Explosive Devices) 38, 120

Vehicle-Borne Improvised Explosive Devices (VBIED) 38, 120

Vesicants 125

VX 125

W

Welch, Richard 107

Welding gas 120

William Buckley 27

William Nordeen 57

WITS (Worldwide Incidents Tracking System) 133

Wood 120

World Time Zones 158

World Trade Center 4, 6, 7, 9, 20, 21, 47, 77, 111, 137

Worldwide Incidents Tracking System (WITS) 133

Y

Yasin, Abdul Rahman 20

Yawm al-Ard 31

Yemen Islamic Jihad 79, 102

Yom Kippur 83, 85

Yousef, Ramzi Ahmed 7, 20, 111, 137

Youssef M. Nada & Co. Gesellschaft M.B.H. 143

Yusif al-Tunisi 30

Z

Zacarias Moussaoui 41

Zafar, Qari Mohammad 36

Zubaydah, Abu 137

Zulkarnaen 84

Zulkifli bin Hir 76
Counte

rterrorism 2009 158 www.nctc.gov

World Time Zones
www.nctc.gov 159 Counterterrorism 2009

2010

January

S M T W T F S

1 2

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 11 12 13 14 15 16

17 18 19 20 21 22 23

24 25 26 27 28 29 30

31

February

S M T W T F S

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11 12 13

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27

28

March

S M T W T F S

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11 12 13

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27

28 29 30 31

April

S M T W T F S

1 2 3

4 5 6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14 15 16 17

18 19 20 21 22 23 24

25 26 27 28 29 30

May

S M T W T F S

1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19 20 21 22

23 24 25 26 27 28 29

30 31

June

S M T W T F S

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

13 14 15 16 17 18 19

20 21 22 23 24 25 26

27 28 29 30

July

S M T W T F S

1 2 3

4 5 6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14 15 16 17

18 19 20 21 22 23 24

25 26 27 28 29 30 31

August

S M T W T F S

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

8 9 10 11 12 13 14

15 16 17 18 19 20 21

22 23 24 25 26 27 28

29 30 31

September

S M T W T F S

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8 9 10 11

12 13 14 15 16 17 18

19 20 21 22 23 24 25

26 27 28 29 30

October

S M T W T F S

1 2

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 11 12 13 14 15 16

17 18 19 20 21 22 23

24 25 26 27 28 29 30

31

November

S M T W T F S

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11 12 13

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27

28 29 30

December

S M T W T F S

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8 9 10 11

12 13 14 15 16 17 18

19 20 21 22 23 24 25

26 27 28 29 30 31
Counterterrorism 2009 160 www.nctc.gov

Keep caller on the line—the longer he/she talks, the more we can learn.

Record as much of the message as possible on the form below—try to get exact words.

Tell the caller (if applicable) that the building is occupied and that the threatened action could result in 

the death or serious injury to many innocent persons.

Immediately upon termination of the call, report information to Security.

Date Time of 

Call

Time 

Caller 

Hung Up

Ext. No.

Exact Message (if possible):

Ask Caller:

•	 Where is bomb located? (Building, Floor, Room, etc.)

•	 When will it go off?

•	 What did it look like?

•	 Why?

•	 Who put it there?

•	 Caller’s Name:

Information About Caller:

•	 Where is caller? (Describe background and level of noise)

•	 Sex: Male Female

•	 Pitch of Voice: Low Moderate High

•	 Speech: Stutter Accent Peculiar Dialect

•	 Other:

•	 Estimated age:

•	 Name & Room Number of Person Receiving Call:

 

Calm

Angry

Excited

Slow

Rapid

Soft

Loud

Laughter

Crying

Normal

Distinct

Slurred

Nasal

Stutter

Lisp

Raspy

Deep

Ragged

Clearing Throat

Deep Breathing

Crackling Voice

Disguised

Accent

Whispered

 Caller’s Voice

Street Noises

Crockery

Voices

PA System

Music

House Noises

Motor

Office Machinery

Factory Machinery

Animal Noises

Clear

Static

Local

Long Distance

Booth

Other

 Background Sounds

Well Spoken (Educated)

Foul

Irrational

Message Read by Threat 

Maker

Taped

Incoherent

 Threat Language

If voice is familiar, who did it sound like?

Report Call Immediately To:

Name:

Phone Number:

Today’s Date:

Your Name:

Position:

Phone Number:

Bomb Threat Call Procedures

Visit our Web site

for the latest updates

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