Cr Pr 2-2  (4-99)



Crop
Production

National
Agricultural
Statistics
Service




USDA
Washington, D.C.



Released April 9, 1999, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS),
Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture.  For information
on "Crop Production" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.
ET.




              U.S. Orange Production Down 2 Percent




All oranges production forecast for 1998-99 is 9.93 million tons, down
2 percent from last month's forecast and down 27 percent from last year's
revised record large crop of 13.7 million tons.  Florida's all orange forecast
is reduced to 190 million boxes (8.55 million tons), 1 percent below the March
forecast and 22 percent less than the record large 244 million boxes
(11.0 million tons) utilized last season.  Early and midseason varieties in
Florida are forecast at 112 million boxes (5.04 million tons), 2 percent lower
than the March forecast and 20 percent below last season.  Florida's Valencia
forecast of 78.0 million boxes (3.51 million tons) remains unchanged and is
25 percent lower than last season's utilization.

California's all orange production forecast is lowered to 34.0 million boxes
(1.28 million tons), down 11 percent from the January forecast and down
51 percent from the revised 1997-98 utilization of 69.0 million boxes
(2.59 million tons).  The late December freeze caused considerable losses to
both the navel and Valencia crops.  California's navel forecast, at
17.0 million boxes (637,500 tons), is down 11 percent from the previous
forecast and down 61 percent from last year's final utilization. Due to the
freeze, the navel harvesting season is wrapping up a month or two ahead of
normal.  California's forecast of Valencia oranges is reduced to 17.0 million
boxes (637,500 tons) and is down 32 percent from last season's revised
utilization of 25.0 million boxes (937,500 tons).  Picking began in late
February in the desert area.  Good quality was reported.  In the San Joaquin
Valley, the adverse affects of the December freeze became apparent as spring
arrived.




Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield for the 1998-99 season is
forecast at a record high 1.63 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix, up from
March's record high forecast of 1.62 gallons per box.  The forecast projects
the final yield as reported by the Florida Citrus Processors Association. 
Projected average yield for early and midseason varieties is final at a record
high 1.58 gallons per box.  Valencias are projected to yield a record high
1.72 gallons per box, up from 1.68 gallons last month.  Average pound solids
are at a record high level for this time of year.




This report was approved on April 9, 1999.


                       Acting Secretary of
                           Agriculture
                        Keith J. Collins


                  Agricultural Statistics Board
                       Acting Chairperson
                        Frederic A. Vogel



                            Contents
                                                               Page

Crop Comments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Fruit, Citrus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

Information Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Papayas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

Peanuts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

Potatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

Weather Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14




     Citrus Fruits:  Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States,
               1996-97, 1997-98 and Forecasted April 1, 1999 1/ 2/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    :     Utilized Production     :     Utilized Production
                    :            Boxes            :       Ton Equivalent
   Crop and State   :-----------------------------------------------------------
                    : 1996-97 : 1997-98 : 1998-99 : 1996-97 : 1997-98 : 1998-99
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    : ------ 1,000 Boxes 3/ -----   ------- 1,000 Tons -------
Oranges             :
  Early Mid &       :
   Navel 4/         :
    AZ              :     400       350       550       15        13        21
    CA              :  40,000    44,000    17,000    1,500     1,650       638
    FL              : 134,200   140,000   112,000    6,039     6,300     5,040
    TX              :   1,300     1,350     1,300       55        57        55
    US              : 175,900   185,700   130,850    7,609     8,020     5,754
  Valencia          :
    AZ              :     600       650       650       23        25        24
    CA              :  24,000    25,000    17,000      900       938       638
    FL              :  92,000   104,000    78,000    4,140     4,680     3,510
    TX              :     120       175       140        5         7         6
    US              : 116,720   129,825    95,790    5,068     5,650     4,178
   All              :
    AZ              :   1,000     1,000     1,200       38        38        45
    CA              :  64,000    69,000    34,000    2,400     2,588     1,276
    FL              : 226,200   244,000   190,000   10,179    10,980     8,550
    TX              :   1,420     1,525     1,440       60        64        61
    US              : 292,620   315,525   226,640   12,677    13,670     9,932
Temples             :
  FL                :   2,400     2,250     2,000      108       101        90
Grapefruit          :
  White Seedless    :
    FL 5/           :  23,500    18,300    19,000      999       777       808
  Colored Seedless  :
    FL 6/           :  31,400    30,600    29,500    1,334     1,301     1,254
  Other             :
    FL              :     900       650       500       38        28        21
  All               :
    AZ              :     900       800       700       30        27        23
    CA              :   8,200     9,000     8,500      275       301       285
    FL 5/ 6/        :  55,800    49,550    49,000    2,371     2,106     2,083
    TX              :   5,300     4,800     5,400      212       192       216
    US              :  70,200    64,150    63,600    2,888     2,626     2,607
Tangerines          :
  AZ 7/             :     550       600       900       21        23        34
  CA 7/             :   2,600     2,400     1,700       98        90        64
  FL                :   6,300     5,200     4,850      299       247       230
  US                :   9,450     8,200     7,450      418       360       328
Lemons              :
  AZ                :   2,600     2,600     3,500       99        99       133
  CA                :  22,600    22,000    18,000      859       836       684
  US                :  25,200    24,600    21,500      958       935       817
Tangelos            :
  FL                :   3,950     2,850     2,550      178       128       115
K-Early Citrus      :
  FL                :     150        40        80        7         2         4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with
the completion of harvest the following year.  2/  1997-98 revised  3/  Net lbs.
per box:  oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ  & CA-67, FL-85,
TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos, K-Early Citrus & Temples-90; tangerines-AZ & CA-75,
FL-95.  4/  Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA.  Early (including
Navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX.  Small quantities of tangerines in
TX.  5/  Excludes White Seedless economic abandonment of 3,000,000 boxes in
1996-97 and 5,000,000 boxes in 1997-98.  6/  Excludes Colored Seedless economic
abandonment of 3,000,000 boxes in 1996-97 and 1,000,000 boxes in 1997-98.
7/  Includes tangelos and tangors.




          Potatoes:  Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production
              by Seasonal Group, State, and United States, 1997-99
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             :              Area               :           :
   Seasonal  :---------------------------------:   Yield   :     Production
    Group    :     Planted     :   Harvested   :           :
     and     :------------------------------------------------------------------
    State    :  1998  :  1999  : 1998  : 1999  :1998 :1999 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             :  -------- 1,000 Acres --------    -- Cwt --  ----- 1,000 Cwt ----
             :
Winter       :
  CA         :   7.0      7.8     7.0     7.8    220   210   1,551  1,540  1,638
  FL         :   8.5     10.1     8.0     9.9    180   200   1,880  1,440  1,980
             :
  Total      :  15.5     17.9    15.0    17.7    199   204   3,431  2,980  3,618
             :
Spring       :
  AL         :   1.8      1.7     1.7     1.6    130   175     272    221    280
  AZ         :   8.1      9.4     8.1     9.4    282   280   1,820  2,284  2,632
  CA         :  18.5     19.5    18.5    19.5    335   375   8,073  6,198  7,313
  FL         :  35.8     29.8    34.5    29.0    213   223   7,150  7,358  6,460
    Hastings :  25.5     22.5    24.5    22.0    235   230   5,258  5,758  5,060
    Other FL :  10.3      7.3    10.0     7.0    160   200   1,892  1,600  1,400
  NC         :  18.0     17.0    17.5    16.5    190   195   3,287  3,325  3,218
  TX         :  10.8     10.3    10.3     9.8    170   210   1,697  1,751  2,058
             :
  Total      :  93.0     87.7    90.6    85.8    233   256  22,299 21,137 21,961
             :
Summer 1/    :
  AL         :   4.4              4.3            130           690    559
  CA         :   6.2              6.1            355         2,124  2,166
  CO         :   7.7              7.5            345         2,584  2,588
  DE         :   4.6              4.6            220           964  1,012
  IL         :   5.8              4.9            290         1,495  1,421
  IA         :   1.4              1.3            235           308    306
  MD         :   4.6              4.6            235           816  1,081
  MO         :   9.6              8.8            215         1,500  1,892
  NE         :   4.5              4.4            365         1,599  1,606
  NJ         :   2.7              2.6            270           650    702
  NM         :   4.3              3.7            260         1,248    962
  NC         :   1.1              1.1             95           120    105
  TX         :   9.1              8.2            380         2,805  3,116
  VA         :   7.0              6.0            230         1,268  1,380
             :
  Total      :  73.0             68.1            277        18,171 18,896
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  1998 revised.




         Papayas:  Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 1998-99
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            :                    Area                     :  Fresh Production
            :-------------------------------------------------------------------
    Month   :     Total in Crop     :      Harvested      :          :
            :---------------------------------------------:   1998   :   1999
            :   1998    :   1999    :   1998   :   1999   :          :
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            :   ---------------- Acres ----------------        1,000 Pounds
            :
Feb         :   3,505       3,700      1,740      2,135      2,655      2,870
Mar         :   3,205       3,735      1,750      2,110      2,845      2,830
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------




           Peanuts:  Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production
                     by State and United States, 1997-98 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :         Area Planted          :        Area Harvested
      State     :---------------------------------------------------------------
                :     1997      :     1998      :     1997      :     1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :                          1,000 Acres
                :
AL              :      194.0           198.0            193.0           197.0
FL              :       92.0            98.0             84.0            90.0
GA              :      520.0           540.0            519.0           537.0
NM              :       18.0            22.0             17.3            22.0
NC              :      124.0           125.0            123.0           124.5
OK              :       79.0            80.0             77.0            75.0
SC              :       11.0            12.0             10.5            11.5
TX              :      320.0           370.0            315.0           335.0
VA              :       76.0            76.0             75.0            75.0
                :
US              :    1,434.0         1,521.0          1,413.8         1,467.0
                :
                :---------------------------------------------------------------
                :             Yield             :          Production
                :---------------------------------------------------------------
                :     1997      :     1998      :     1997      :     1998
                :---------------------------------------------------------------
                :      ------- Pounds ------        ------ 1,000 Pounds -----
                :
AL              :      1,930           2,195          372,490         432,415
FL              :      2,715           2,590          228,060         233,100
GA              :      2,570           2,815        1,333,830       1,511,655
NM              :      2,700           2,820           46,710          62,040
NC              :      2,680           3,190          329,640         397,155
OK              :      2,400           2,130          184,800         159,750
SC              :      2,900           2,450           30,450          28,175
TX              :      2,610           2,740          822,150         917,900
VA              :      2,550           2,950          191,250         221,250
                :
US              :      2,503           2,702        3,539,380       3,963,440
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  1998 revised.




                   Peanuts:  Farm Marketing Percents by Month,
               State, and United States, 1997 and 1998 Crop Years
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Crop Year:         :         :         :         :         :         :
    and   :   Aug   :   Sep   :   Oct   :   Nov   :   Dec   : Jan 1/  :   Feb
   State  :         :         :         :         :         :         :
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          :                               Percent
          :
1997 Crop :
  AL      :            62.7      32.3       4.2       0.8
  FL      :            67.0      28.9       3.1       0.2       0.8
  GA      :            54.3      40.3       4.4       0.9       0.1
  NC      :                      56.2      24.7      14.8       4.3
  TX      :             1.8      47.8      37.3      11.4       1.2       0.5
  VA      :             0.1      57.4      26.0      10.2       6.3
          :
  US      :            34.4      43.1      15.8       5.4       1.2       0.1
          :
1998 Crop :
  AL      :            17.5      65.3      14.4       2.5       0.3
  FL      :            21.6      68.8       7.9       0.9       0.8
  GA      :            26.0      65.1       7.6       1.2       0.1
  NC      :             2.6      74.2      14.1       5.2       3.9
  TX      :             1.8      41.1      43.5       7.7       5.9
  VA      :             3.7      65.2      16.6       8.0       6.5
          :
  US      :            14.9      60.4      18.5       3.8       2.4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  January of the following year.




                       Peanuts:  Price and Value by State
                          and United States, 1997-98 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :        Price per Pound        :      Value of Production
      State     :---------------------------------------------------------------
                :     1997      :     1998      :     1997      :     1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :     ------ Dollars ------         ----- 1,000 Dollars -----
                :
AL              :     0.293           0.277           109,140         119,779
FL              :     0.280           0.246            63,857          57,343
GA              :     0.303           0.266           404,150         402,100
NM              :     0.300           0.235            14,013          14,579
NC              :     0.277           0.237            91,310          94,126
OK              :     0.293           0.308            54,146          49,203
SC              :     0.287           0.286             8,739           8,058
TX              :     0.243           0.233           199,782         213,871
VA              :     0.301           0.241            57,566          53,321
                :
US              :     0.283           0.255         1,002,703       1,012,380
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  1998  revised.




        Crop Summary:  Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1998-99
                               (Domestic Units) 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                :     Area Planted      :    Area Harvested
              Crop              :-----------------------------------------------
                                :   1998    :   1999    :   1998    :   1999
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                :                  1,000 Acres
                                :
Grains & Hay                    :
  Barley                        :  6,340.0     5,274.0     5,867.0
  Corn for Grain 2/             : 80,187.0    78,219.0    72,604.0
  Corn for Silage               :                          5,919.0
  Hay, All                      :                         60,016.0    60,093.0
    Alfalfa                     :                         23,642.0
    All Other                   :                         36,374.0
  Oats                          :  4,902.0     4,732.0     2,765.0     2,686.0
  Rice                          :  3,345.0     3,580.0     3,317.0
  Rye                           :  1,571.0     1,590.0       418.0
  Sorghum for Grain 2/          :  9,626.0     8,804.0     7,723.0
  Sorghum for Silage            :                            305.0
  Wheat, All                    : 65,871.0    63,029.0    59,002.0
    Winter                      : 46,449.0    43,399.0    40,126.0
    Durum                       :  3,805.0     4,270.0     3,728.0
    Other Spring                : 15,617.0    15,360.0    15,148.0
                                :
Oilseeds                        :
  Canola                        :  1,127.0                 1,092.0
  Cottonseed                    :
  Flaxseed                      :    336.0       521.0       329.0
  Mustard Seed                  :     98.9                    95.6
  Peanuts                       :  1,521.0     1,508.0     1,467.0
  Rapeseed                      :      4.8                     4.7
  Safflower                     :    303.0                   285.0
  Soybeans for Beans            : 72,375.0    73,105.0    70,811.0
  Sunflower                     :  3,553.0     3,955.0     3,476.0
                                :
Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops   :
  Cotton, All                   : 13,417.9    13,944.2    10,722.5
    Upland                      : 13,088.0    13,639.0    10,486.0
    Amer-Pima                   :    329.9       305.2       236.5
  Sugarbeets                    :  1,497.9     1,547.7     1,451.6
  Sugarcane                     :                            951.5
  Tobacco                       :                            726.9       647.9
                                :
Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils       :
  Austrian Winter Peas          :      9.0                     7.4
  Dry Edible Beans              :  2,010.1     2,045.5     1,913.9
  Dry Edible Peas               :    323.4                   309.1
  Lentils                       :    162.0                   158.5
  Wrinkled Seed Peas            :
                                :
Potatoes & Misc.                :
  Coffee (HI)                   :                              6.1
  Ginger Root (HI)              :                              0.4
  Hops                          :                             36.6
  Peppermint Oil                :                            124.0
  Potatoes, All                 :  1,422.7                 1,393.7
    Winter                      :     15.5        17.9        15.0        17.7
    Spring                      :     93.0        87.7        90.6        85.8
    Summer                      :     73.0                    68.1
    Fall                        :  1,241.2                 1,220.0
  Spearmint Oil                 :                             27.4
  Sweet Potatoes                :     86.8        86.7        83.8
  Taro (HI) 3/                  :                              0.5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or
from previous reports.  Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop year.
2/  Area planted for all purposes.  3/  Acreage is total acres in crop, not
harvested acreage.




           Crop Summary:  Yield and Production, United States, 1998-99
                               (Domestic Units) 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :     :        Yield        :     Production
             Crop             :Unit :-------------------------------------------
                              :     :   1998   :   1999   :   1998   :   1999
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :     :                      ------ 1,000 ------
                              :     :
Grains & Hay                  :     :
  Barley                      : Bu  :    60.1                352,445
  Corn for Grain              : "   :   134.4              9,761,085
  Corn for Silage             : Ton :    16.0                 94,525
  Hay, All                    : "   :    2.52                151,338
    Alfalfa                   : "   :    3.47                 82,010
    All Other                 : "   :    1.91                 69,328
  Oats                        : Bu  :    60.4                167,122
  Rice 2/                     : Cwt :   5,669                188,051
  Rye                         : Bu  :    28.2                 11,795
  Sorghum for Grain           : "   :    67.3                519,933
  Sorghum for Silage          : Ton :    11.4                  3,487
  Wheat, All                  : Bu  :    43.2              2,550,383
    Winter                    : "   :    46.9              1,880,605
    Durum                     : "   :    37.8                141,069
    Other Spring              : "   :    34.9                528,709
                              :     :
Oilseeds                      :     :
  Canola                      : Lb  :   1,455              1,588,620
  Cottonseed 3/               : Ton :                          5,182
  Flaxseed                    : Bu  :    20.4                  6,708
  Mustard Seed                : Lb  :     855                 81,750
  Peanuts                     : "   :   2,702              3,963,440
  Rapeseed                    : "   :   1,353                  6,360
  Safflower                   : "   :   1,446                412,085
  Soybeans for Beans          : Bu  :    38.9              2,756,794
  Sunflower                   : Lb  :   1,509              5,246,701
                              :     :
Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops :     :
  Cotton, All 2/              : Bale:     618               13,796.2
    Upland 2/                 : "   :     612               13,366.2
    Amer-Pima 2/              : "   :     873                  430.0
  Sugarbeets                  : Ton :    22.5                 32,660
  Sugarcane                   : "   :    35.8                 34,057
  Tobacco                     : Lb  :   2,104              1,529,647
                              :     :
Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils     :     :
  Austrian Winter Peas 2/     : Cwt :   1,405                    104
  Dry Edible Beans 2/         : "   :   1,611                 30,828
  Dry Edible Peas 2/          : "   :   1,920                  5,934
  Lentils 2/                  : "   :   1,223                  1,938
  Wrinkled Seed Peas          : "   :                            674
                              :     :
Potatoes & Misc.              :     :
  Coffee (HI)                 : Lb  :   1,480                  9,000
  Ginger Root (HI)            : "   :  50,000                 18,000
  Hops                        : "   :   1,625                 59,548
  Peppermint Oil              : "   :      78                  9,727
  Potatoes, All               : Cwt :     343                477,381
    Winter                    : "   :     199      204         2,980     3,618
    Spring                    : "   :     233      256        21,137    21,961
    Summer                    : "   :     277                 18,896
    Fall                      : "   :     356                434,368
  Spearmint Oil               : Lb  :     109                  2,987
  Sweet Potatoes              : Cwt :     142                 11,887
  Taro (HI) 3/                : Lb  :                          6,000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or
from previous reports.  Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop year.
2/  Yield in pounds.  3/  Yield is not estimated.




               Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1997-99
                               (Domestic Units) 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        :          :                 Production
          Crop          :   Unit   :--------------------------------------------
                        :          :     1997     :     1998     :     1999
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        :          :                   1,000
                        :          :
Citrus 2/               :          :
  Grapefruit            : Ton      :      2,888          2,626        2,607
  K-Early Citrus (FL)   : "        :          7              2            4
  Lemons                : "        :        958            935          817
  Oranges               : "        :     12,677         13,670        9,932
  Tangelos (FL)         : "        :        178            128          115
  Tangerines            : "        :        418            360          328
  Temples (FL)          : "        :        108            101           90
                        :          :
Non-Citrus              :          :
  Apples                : 1,000 Lbs:   10,323.8       10,943.6
  Apricots              : Ton      :      139.2          118.3
  Bananas (HI)          : Lb       :   13,700.0       20,000.0
  Grapes                : Ton      :    7,290.9        5,595.6
  Olives (CA)           : "        :      104.0           90.0
  Papayas (HI)          : Lb       :   38,800.0       39,000.0
  Peaches               : 1,000 Lbs:    2,624.6        2,425.8
  Pears                 : Ton      :    1,042.5          926.2
  Prunes, Dried (CA)    : "        :      214.0          108.0
  Prunes & Plums (Ex CA): "        :       25.5           25.6
                        :          :
Nuts & Misc.            :          :
  Almonds (CA)          : Lb       :    759,000        520,000
  Hazelnuts             : Ton      :       47.0           15.5
  Pecans                : Lb       :    335,000        155,050
  Pistachios (CA)       : "        :    180,000        188,000
  Walnuts (CA)          : Ton      :      269.0          227.0
  Maple Syrup           : Gal      :      1,298          1,159
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or
    from previous reports.  Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop
    year.
2/  Production years are 1996-97, 1997-98, and 1998-99.




        Crop Summary:  Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1998-99
                                (Metric Units) 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                :     Area Planted      :    Area Harvested
              Crop              :-----------------------------------------------
                                :   1998    :   1999    :   1998    :   1999
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                :                   Hectares
                                :
Grains & Hay                    :
  Barley                        : 2,565,730   2,134,340   2,374,320
  Corn for Grain 2/             :32,450,880  31,654,450  29,382,110
  Corn for Silage               :                         2,395,360
  Hay, All 3/                   :                        24,287,880  24,319,040
    Alfalfa                     :                         9,567,680
    All Other                   :                        14,720,190
  Oats                          : 1,983,790   1,914,990   1,118,970   1,087,000
  Rice                          : 1,353,690   1,448,790   1,342,360
  Rye                           :   635,770     643,460     169,160
  Sorghum for Grain 2/          : 3,895,550   3,562,890   3,125,420
  Sorghum for Silage            :                           123,430
  Wheat, All 3/                 :26,657,330  25,507,210  23,877,520
    Winter                      :18,797,450  17,563,140  16,238,590
    Durum                       : 1,539,850   1,728,030   1,508,680
    Other Spring                : 6,320,040   6,216,040   6,130,240
                                :
Oilseeds                        :
  Canola                        :   456,090                 441,920
  Cottonseed                    :
  Flaxseed                      :   135,980     210,840     133,140
  Mustard Seed                  :    40,020                  38,690
  Peanuts                       :   615,530     610,270     593,680
  Rapeseed                      :     1,940                   1,900
  Safflower                     :   122,620                 115,340
  Soybeans for Beans            :29,289,440  29,584,860  28,656,500
  Sunflower                     : 1,437,860   1,600,550   1,406,700
                                :
Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops   :
  Cotton, All 3/                : 5,430,090   5,643,080   4,339,290
    Upland                      : 5,296,580   5,519,570   4,243,580
    Amer-Pima                   :   133,510     123,510      95,710
  Sugarbeets                    :   606,190     626,340     587,450
  Sugarcane                     :                           385,060
  Tobacco                       :                           294,170     262,180
                                :
Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils       :
  Austrian Winter Peas          :     3,640                   2,990
  Dry Edible Beans              :   813,470     827,790     774,540
  Dry Edible Peas               :   130,880                 125,090
  Lentils                       :    65,560                  64,140
  Wrinkled Seed Peas            :
                                :
Potatoes & Misc.                :
  Coffee (HI)                   :                             2,470
  Ginger Root (HI)              :                               150
  Hops                          :                            14,830
  Peppermint Oil                :                            50,180
  Potatoes, All 3/              :   575,750                 564,020
    Winter                      :     6,270       7,240       6,070       7,160
    Spring                      :    37,640      35,490      36,660      34,720
    Summer                      :    29,540                  27,560
    Fall                        :   502,300                 493,720
  Spearmint Oil                 :                            11,090
  Sweet Potatoes                :    35,130      35,090      33,910
  Taro (HI) 4/                  :                               200
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or
from previous reports.  Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop year.
2/  Area planted for all purposes.  3/  Total may not add due to rounding.
4/  Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares.




           Crop Summary:  Yield and Production, United States, 1998-99
                                (Metric Units) 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                :         Yield         :      Production
              Crop              :-----------------------------------------------
                                :   1998    :   1999    :   1998    :   1999
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                :                  Metric Tons
                                :
Grains & Hay                    :
  Barley                        :    3.23                  7,673,580
  Corn for Grain                :    8.44                247,942,980
  Corn for Silage               :   35.80                 85,751,640
  Hay, All 2/                   :    5.65                137,291,520
    Alfalfa                     :    7.78                 74,398,220
    All Other                   :    4.27                 62,893,300
  Oats                          :    2.17                  2,425,770
  Rice                          :    6.35                  8,529,850
  Rye                           :    1.77                    299,610
  Sorghum for Grain             :    4.23                 13,206,910
  Sorghum for Silage            :   25.63                  3,163,350
  Wheat, All 2/                 :    2.91                 69,410,050
    Winter                      :    3.15                 51,181,680
    Durum                       :    2.54                  3,839,270
    Other Spring                :    2.35                 14,389,100
                                :
Oilseeds                        :
  Canola                        :    1.63                    720,590
  Cottonseed 3/                 :                          4,700,670
  Flaxseed                      :    1.28                    170,390
  Mustard Seed                  :    0.96                     37,080
  Peanuts                       :    3.03                  1,797,790
  Rapeseed                      :    1.52                      2,880
  Safflower                     :    1.62                    186,920
  Soybeans for Beans            :    2.62                 75,027,640
  Sunflower                     :    1.69                  2,379,860
                                :
Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops   :
  Cotton, All 2/                :    0.69                  3,003,770
    Upland                      :    0.69                  2,910,150
    Amer-Pima                   :    0.98                     93,620
  Sugarbeets                    :   50.44                 29,628,650
  Sugarcane                     :   80.24                 30,895,990
  Tobacco                       :    2.36                    693,840
                                :
Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils       :
  Austrian Winter Peas          :    1.58                      4,720
  Dry Edible Beans              :    1.81                  1,398,330
  Dry Edible Peas               :    2.15                    269,160
  Lentils                       :    1.37                     87,910
  Wrinkled Seed Peas            :                             30,570
                                :
Potatoes & Misc.                :
  Coffee (HI)                   :    1.65                      4,080
  Ginger Root (HI)              :   56.04                      8,160
  Hops                          :    1.82                     27,010
  Peppermint Oil                :    0.09                      4,410
  Potatoes, All 2/              :   38.39                 21,653,640
    Winter                      :   22.27       22.91        135,170   164,110
    Spring                      :   26.15       28.69        958,760   996,130
    Summer                      :   31.10                    857,110
    Fall                        :   39.91                 19,702,600
  Spearmint Oil                 :    0.12                      1,350
  Sweet Potatoes                :   15.90                    539,190
  Taro (HI) 3/                  :                              2,720
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or
from previous reports.  Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop year.
2/  Production may not add due to rounding.  3/ Yield is not estimated.




               Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1997-99
                                (Metric Units) 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          :                     Production
           Crop           :-----------------------------------------------------
                          :      1997       :      1998       :      1999
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          :                     Metric tons
                          :
Citrus 2/                 :
  Grapefruit              :    2,619,950         2,382,270         2,365,030
  K-Early Citrus (FL)     :        6,350             1,810             3,630
  Lemons                  :      869,080           848,220           741,170
  Oranges                 :   11,500,380        12,401,220         9,010,160
  Tangelos (FL)           :      161,480           116,120           104,330
  Tangerines              :      379,200           326,590           297,560
  Temples (FL)            :       97,980            91,630            81,650
                          :
Non-Citrus                :
  Apples                  :    4,682,800         4,963,930
  Apricots                :      126,310           107,320
  Bananas (HI)            :        6,210             9,070
  Grapes                  :    6,614,190         5,076,200
  Olives (CA)             :       94,350            81,650
  Papayas (HI)            :       17,600            17,690
  Peaches                 :    1,190,500         1,100,320
  Pears                   :      945,740           840,270
  Prunes, Dried (CA)      :      194,140            97,980
  Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)  :       23,130            23,220
                          :
Nuts & Misc.              :
  Almonds (CA)            :      344,280           235,870
  Hazelnuts               :       42,640            14,060
  Pecans                  :      151,950            70,330
  Pistachios (CA)         :       81,650            85,280
  Walnuts (CA)            :      244,030           205,930
  Maple Syrup             :        6,490             5,790
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or
    from previous reports.  Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop
    year.
2/  Production years are 1996-97, 1997-98, and 1998-99.




March Weather Summary:   In a sharp departure from February, below-normal
temperatures prevailed across much of the South due to a storm track that
carried storms southward along the West Coast, then northeastward across the
central and southern Plains and into the East.  Monthly temperatures averaged
as much as 3 degrees F below normal in Oklahoma and as much as 6 degrees F
below normal in the Ohio Valley.  Despite cooler-than-normal weather in the
Southeast, the region's winter grains and fruit tree blooms were not exposed to
damaging cold, escaping with only occasional scattered frost.  Meanwhile,
cooler-than-normal conditions (as much as 5 degrees F below normal) persisted
in California, perpetuating a long-term trend.  In contrast, warmer-than-normal
weather dominated northern New England, and areas from the Four Corners region
to the northern Plains and upper Midwest.  Monthly departures reached
+ 8 degrees F in southeastern Montana.

The storm track shift provided much-needed moisture from the central and
southern Plains into the East, including several episodes of heavy snowfall. 
Toward month's end, rain reached southern Texas' parched Rio Grande Valley,
significantly improving topsoil moisture for spring-sown crops.  Most of the
precipitation bypassed the Southwest and Peninsular Florida, however, leaving
soils unfavorably dry and increasing the threat of wildfires.  Farther north,
mostly dry weather in the northern Plains and the Midwest promoted spring
fieldwork.  In the Pacific Northwest, slightly drier weather eased the risk of
spring flooding following an exceptionally wet winter.



General Crop Comments:  March began with dry, windy conditions in the Great
Plains that depleted soil moisture reserves and hindered winter wheat
development.  The dry weather aided field preparations, and planting was active
in southern and eastern Texas and the Gulf Coast States.  Some earlier-planted
corn and cotton fields emerged along the western Gulf Coast despite soil
moisture shortages.  Wet and cool weather emerged over the southern and eastern
third of the Nation during the second week of the month and prevailed for most
of the remainder of the month.  The wet weather aided crop emergence, but
periodically halted fieldwork in the southern Plains, lower Mississippi Valley,
and adjacent areas of the Southeast.  The rain also boosted winter wheat
development in most areas of the southern Great Plains, but vegetative growth
was limited by below-normal temperatures.  In Oklahoma and the central Great
Plains, mid-month snowfall rejuvenated soil moisture levels and curbed insect
activity.  In the northern Great Plains, dry conditions continued to persist,
but winter wheat was aided by mild temperatures and wind, disease, and insect
damage remained light.  Warm, dry weather aided tillage and fertilizing
activities in the western and central Corn Belt.  Fieldwork was less active in
the eastern and southern Corn Belt during the first half of the month due to
muddy field conditions.  In the Great Plains and western Corn Belt, small grain
seeding progressed well due to mostly dry conditions.  Temperatures averaged
below normal in most of the Southeast and fell below freezing as far south as
northern Florida early in the month.  Frost damage to fruit and vegetable crops
was limited due to the short duration of sub-freezing temperatures.   
Fieldwork in the Atlantic Coastal Plains was aided by mostly dry weather, while
a mixture of heavy rain, freezing rain, and snow saturated soils in parts of
the Ohio and Tennessee River Valleys and Appalachians.  In the eastern Corn
Belt and Northeast, most precipitation came as snow.  Coastal areas of the
Pacific Northwest and northern California remained rainy.  In inland areas of
California, where dryer conditions prevailed, field preparations and planting
were active.  Gradual warming promoted growth of small grains, winter forages,
and sugar beets.  A few cotton fields were planted in the northern valleys, but
warmer soil temperatures were needed.  In southern areas of the State, small
grains were irrigated to sustain growth.  By the end of the month, winter wheat
was heading and cotton was developing squares in the Imperial and San Joaquin
Valleys.



Grapefruit:  The April 1 forecast of the 1998-99 U.S. grapefruit crop is
2.61 million tons, up less than 1 percent from the March forecast, but down
1 percent from last season.  The April 1 forecast of Florida grapefruit
continues at 49.0 million boxes (2.08 million tons).  If realized, the forecast
will be down 1 percent from a year ago.  The white seedless forecast is
19.0 million boxes (808,000 tons), unchanged from March and 4 percent higher
than last season.  The colored seedless forecast remains at 29.5 million boxes
(1.25 million tons), down 4 percent from 1997-98.  March was a major harvesting
month with 70 percent of the seedless fruit being processed.  Estimated
utilization of both the white seedless and the colored seedless varieties is
ahead of last year's pace to April 1.  The forecast of seedy grapefruit is
unchanged at 500,000 boxes (21,000 tons).  All seedy grapefruit are certified
in processed form and records are dependent on load tickets.  

California's April 1 forecast of grapefruit production is 8.50 million boxes
(285,000 tons), up 6 percent from the January forecast, but down 5 percent from
last year's utilization.  Most of California's grapefruit was not affected by
the late December freeze that hit the San Joaquin Valley.  Desert and south
coast area groves have increased yields with excellent color and quality. 
Grapefruit production in Texas is forecast at 5.40 million boxes
(216,000 tons), unchanged from March and up 13 percent from the previous
season.  The Texas grapefruit harvest is three-fourths complete.  Arizona's
grapefruit forecast continues at 700,000 boxes (23,000 tons), down 13 percent
from a year ago.



Tangerines:  The 1998-99 U.S. tangerine crop is forecast at 328,000 tons, up
7 percent from last month but down 9 percent from the previous year's
utilization.  Florida's tangerine crop is forecast at 4.85 million boxes
(230,000 tons), 4 percent higher than the March forecast.  If realized, the
crop will be 7 percent less than last year.  California's April 1 tangerine
forecast is 1.70 million boxes (64,000 tons), up 6 percent from January but
down 29 percent from last season.  Approximately half of California's tangerine
acreage was adversely affected by the December freeze.  Heavy ice marks caused
much of the fruit to be juiced.  In southern California, minimal freeze damage
was reported on tangerines.  Eating quality and color have been excellent. 
Arizona's tangerine forecast on April 1 is 900,000 boxes (34,000 tons), up
29 percent from January and up 50 percent from a year ago.  Improved market
conditions and the effects of the California freeze have led to more aggressive
picking.



Lemons:  The 1998-99 U.S. lemon crop is forecast at 817,000 tons, up 1 percent
from the January forecast, but down 13 percent from the 1997-98 crop. 
California's forecast remains at 18.0 million boxes (684,000 tons), 18 percent
less than a  year ago.  Less than 20 percent of the lemons in California are
grown in the freeze damaged San Joaquin Valley area.  Whatever wasn't harvested
before the freeze in those areas will most likely be lost.  In the south coast
areas, the volume of picks has been increasing.  Light frost damage has been
observed.  The desert area harvest is wrapping up, with good quality reported. 
Typical defects include windscar, flatsides, sunburn, and oil spotting.  The
Arizona lemon forecast is raised to 3.50 million boxes (133,000 tons), up
9 percent from the January forecast and up 34 percent from a year ago. 
Improved market conditions have led to more aggressive picking.



Tangelos:  Florida's April 1 tangelo forecast is final at 2.55 million boxes
(115,000 tons).  The 2 percent reduction from last month is based on the
estimated utilization to April 1 and the route survey which shows very few rows
remaining for harvest.  Over the past eight seasons, final utilization has
averaged 15 percent larger than the current crop.  Only the 1995-96 crop was
smaller.



Temples:  Florida's forecast of Temple utilization remains unchanged from March
at 2.00 million boxes (90,000 tons).  Harvest progressed rapidly in March and
estimated utilization totaled 1.80 million boxes as of April 1.  With some rows
remaining for harvest, the route survey strongly supports the current forecast,
unchanged since the initial forecast in October.



Florida Citrus:  During March, the weather throughout Florida's citrus belt was
generally dry, with cool nights and mild to warm days.  Rain is badly needed in
all areas.  Growers and caretakers have been irrigating with all types of
equipment.  New growth and bloom bud development progressed slowly during the
month.  The dry weather and the cool nights have prolonged this year's bloom
cycle.  Full open bloom was generally reached by the end of the month.  Some
groves are lagging and have very light bloom.  Harvest of early and midseason
oranges was completed by the middle of March.  Picking crews rapidly moved into
the Valencia oranges and all types of grapefruit.  Temples and Honey tangerines
are still being harvested for both fresh and process use.  Caretakers were very
active during the month cutting cover crops, spraying, hedging, and topping. 
Dead tree removal continued along with some pushing out of abandoned and
unprofitable groves.



Texas Citrus:  Harvest of early and midseason oranges was completed during
March and the Valencia harvest began and made good progress.  Grapefruit
harvest moved past the 75 percent complete mark during March.  Some very
beneficial rain fell late in the month and should help the grapefruit bloom
which has been lacking in many groves.  The orange bloom looks good across the
Rio Grande Valley.



California Citrus:  Grapefruit growers in southern California were picking a
good quality crop during March.  Color was excellent with a clean and smooth
texture.  Fruit sizes were small, however.  The December freeze did not hurt
the grapefruit from the San Joaquin Valley as much as other citrus crops. 
Lemons in the San Joaquin Valley were devastated by the freeze.  Very few
lemons were picked there after the freeze.  Lemon harvesting was active in the
south coast area with only light frost damage reported.  Lemon picking in the
desert area was nearly complete by April 1 with good quality reported.  The
tangerine crop in the San Joaquin Valley  was significantly hurt by the freeze.
Very few fruit picked after the freeze was useable for the fresh market.  Most
was graded out to juice. Tangerines harvested in southern California, however,
were of good quality and color with minimal frost damage.  

Navel orange growers in the San Joaquin Valley tried to salvage any fruit that
was useable after the December freeze.  Some navel oranges were sent to the
fresh market, but many went to juice processors.  In southern California, navel
orange picking went well.  No freeze damage occurred there, and a good quality
crop was picked.  Harvest is winding down in all areas of the state.  Valencia
orange picking began in late February in the desert area with good quality
reported.  Growers in southern California will begin their Valencia orange
harvest soon and quality appears to be good.  In the San Joaquin Valley, the
adverse effects of the December freeze became more apparent as spring arrived. 
Most of the fruit did not recover from the freeze, but some are expected to be
picked for juice.



California Fruits and Nuts:  Many orchards and vineyards made significant
progress during March.  Stone fruit trees bloomed and early season varieties
were leafing out by April 1.  Thinning of early varieties was active by late
March.  Some growers applied fungicides to prevent fungal disease.  Almond
trees bloomed and leafed out and growers tried to control fungi and
anthracnose.  Grape growers were busy with weed control.  Strawberry picking
was active with good quality reported.



Winter Potatoes:  Production of winter potatoes in 1999 is forecast at
3.62 million cwt, up 17 percent from January and 21 percent above last year. 
Area for harvest, at 17,700 acres, is up 18 percent from last year.  The
average yield is forecast at 204 cwt per acre, up 5 cwt.  California's harvest
began in mid-December and was finished by the end of January.  Yields improved
from the January forecast but were below a year ago.  High temperatures after
planting thinned stands and a freeze in December killed some fields.  Florida's
winter harvest is virtually complete, with yields averaging 20 cwt per acre
above 1998.



Spring Potatoes:  Spring production in 1999 is forecast at 22.0 million cwt, up
4 percent from last year but 2 percent short of 1997.  Area for harvest is
estimated at 85,800 acres, down 5 percent from a year ago and 2 percent below
two years ago.  The average yield is forecast at 256 cwt per acre, a gain of 23
cwt over last year and 1 cwt above two years ago.

Florida's spring acreage for harvest is down 5,500 acres from last year with
cuts in both Hastings and other Florida areas.  Harvest in "other" areas is
active.  The southernmost growers should finish by the end of April.  Hastings
growers expect to begin digging in mid April.  California potato growth was
slowed by early cool weather but the crop is now only slightly behind normal. 
Harvest will start in early May and continue through mid July.  Arizona's
growing weather has been exceptionally good for potatoes.  Harvest started in
early April in Yuma and should be underway by the end of the month in Central
Arizona.  In Texas, conditions are favorable for a good crop.  North Carolina's
planting was ahead of normal, with 90 percent planted by the end of March. 
Early fields show good growth.



Summer Potatoes, 1998 Revisions:  The 1998 summer production estimate was
revised down 2 percent from the preliminary estimate in January.  Production
now stands at 18.9 million cwt, up 4 percent from a year earlier but 1 percent
below 1996 output.  Harvest covered 68,100 acres, up 5 percent from the
previous year, while the average yield of 277 cwt per acre was down 3 cwt.



Papayas:  Hawaii's March papaya production is estimated at 2.83 million pounds,
1 percent lower than both last month and March 1998.  Area devoted to papaya
production totaled 3,735 acres, 1 percent more than in February and 17 percent
more than a year ago.  Harvested area, totaling 2,110 acres, was 1 percent
lower than the previous month but 21 percent higher than last March.

March weather conditions were variable for papaya production.  Light rains and
sunny periods were beneficial toward orchard development.  Papaya ring spot
virus continues to depress yields in infected orchards.



Peanuts, 1998 Final: U.S. peanut production in 1998 totaled 3.96 billion
pounds, up 12 percent from the 1997 crop and up 1 percent from the January
estimate.  Planted area totaled 1.52 million acres, up 6 percent from 1997. 
Harvested areas totaled 1.47 million acres, an increase of 4  percent from
1997.  The U.S. yield per harvested acre averaged 2,702 pounds up 199 pounds
from 1997.

Production in the Southeastern States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South
Carolina) totaled 2.21 billion pounds, up 12 percent from 1997. Yields in the
4-State area averaged 2,640 pounds, up 204 pounds from a year earlier.  Georgia
remained the leading peanut producer with 38 percent of the total U.S. peanut
production.

Virginia and North Carolina growers produced 618 million pounds of peanuts in
1998, up 19 percent from 1997.  Yields averaged 3,100 pounds, 469 pounds above
1997.

The Southwest crop (New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) totaled 1.14 billion
pounds, 8 percent above the 1997 total.  Texas production and yield were the
largest on record.  Area harvested in the 3-State area was up 6 percent from a
year ago.  Yields averaged 2,638 pounds per acre, 64 pounds above the 1997
average.

The 1998 marketing year average price received by farmers for peanuts was 25.5
cents per pound, down 2.8 cents from 1997. The value of production for the 1998
crop totaled $1.01 billion, up 1 percent from a year earlier.




                       Information Contacts


Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National
Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information.


C. Ray Halley, Chief                                     (202) 720-2127

    Field Crops Section
       Brad Parks, Head                             (202) 720-3843
       Jerry Ramirez - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds     (202) 720-7369
       Rhonda Brandt - Corn                         (202) 720-9526
       Herman Ellison - Peanuts, Rice, Barley       (202) 720-7688
       Lance Honig - Hay, Sorghum                   (202) 690-3234
       Roger Latham - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings       (202) 720-5944
       Mark E. Miller - Oats, Sugar Crops, Weekly Crop Weather
    (202) 720-7621
       Vaughn Siegenthaler - Wheat, Rye             (202) 720-8068

    Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section
       Dean Groskurth, Head                         (202) 720-3843
       Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes       (202) 720-4285
       Dave DeWalt - Citrus, Tropical Fruits        (202) 720-5412
       Howard Hill - Apples, Cherries, Berries, Prunes, Plums, Grapes
                   Cranberries, Maple Syrup, Tobacco     (202) 720-7235
       Dave Ranek - Nuts, Floriculture              (202) 720-4215
       Jeffrey Kissel - Noncitrus Fruits, Mint, Dry Beans & Peas,
                   Mushrooms                        (202) 690-0270
       Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions,
    
                       Strawberries                 (202) 720-2157
       Harry Nishimoto - Hops                       (360) 902-1940



The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on May 12,
1999.




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