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44–933 2009

MEDIA OUTREACH TO VETERANS: AN UPDATE 

HEARING 

BEFORE THE

SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND 

INVESTIGATIONS 

OF THE

COMMITTEE ON VETERANS’ AFFAIRS 

U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

ONE HUNDRED TENTH CONGRESS 

SECOND SESSION 

SEPTEMBER 23, 2008 

Serial No. 110–106 

Printed for the use of the Committee on Veterans’ Affairs 

( 

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COMMITTEE ON VETERANS’ AFFAIRS 

BOB FILNER, California, Chairman 

CORRINE BROWN, Florida 

VIC SNYDER, Arkansas 

MICHAEL H. MICHAUD, Maine 

STEPHANIE HERSETH SANDLIN, South 

Dakota 

HARRY E. MITCHELL, Arizona 

JOHN J. HALL, New York 

PHIL HARE, Illinois 

SHELLEY BERKLEY, Nevada 

JOHN T. SALAZAR, Colorado 

CIRO D. RODRIGUEZ, Texas 

JOE DONNELLY, Indiana 

JERRY MCNERNEY, California 

ZACHARY T. SPACE, Ohio 

TIMOTHY J. WALZ, Minnesota 

DONALD J. CAZAYOUX, JR., Louisiana 

STEVE BUYER, Indiana, Ranking 

CLIFF STEARNS, Florida 

JERRY MORAN, Kansas 

HENRY E. BROWN, JR., South Carolina 

JEFF MILLER, Florida 

JOHN BOOZMAN, Arkansas 

GINNY BROWN-WAITE, Florida 

MICHAEL R. TURNER, Ohio 

BRIAN P. BILBRAY, California 

DOUG LAMBORN, Colorado 

GUS M. BILIRAKIS, Florida 

VERN BUCHANAN, Florida 

STEVE SCALISE, Louisiana 

MALCOM A. SHORTER, Staff Director 

SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND INVESTIGATIONS 

HARRY E. MITCHELL, Arizona, Chairman 

ZACHARY T. SPACE, Ohio 

TIMOTHY J. WALZ, Minnesota 

CIRO D. RODRIGUEZ, Texas 

GINNY BROWN-WAITE, Florida, Ranking 

CLIFF STEARNS, Florida 

BRIAN P. BILBRAY, California 

Pursuant to clause 2(e)(4) of Rule XI of the Rules of the House, public hearing records 

of the Committee on Veterans’ Affairs are also published in electronic form. The printed 

hearing record remains the official version. Because electronic submissions are used to 

prepare both printed and electronic versions of the hearing record, the process of converting 

between various electronic formats may introduce unintentional errors or omissions. Such occurrences are inherent in the current publication process and should diminish as the process 

is further refined. 

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C O N T E N T S 

September 23, 2008 

Page 

Media Outreach to Veterans: An Update .............................................................. 1 

OPENING STATEMENTS 

Chairman Harry E. Mitchell ................................................................................... 1 

Prepared statement of Chairman Mitchell ..................................................... 30 

WITNESSES 

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Hon. Lisette M. Mondello, Assistant 

Secretary for Public and Intergovernmental Affairs ......................................... 27 

Prepared statement of Hon. Mondello ............................................................ 41 

Hawthorne, Brian, Washington, DC ...................................................................... 3 

Prepared statement of Mr. Hawthorne ........................................................... 31 

Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans of America, Carolyn Schapper, Representative ......................................................................................................................... 11 

Prepared statement of Ms. Schapper .............................................................. 36 

MDB Communications, Inc., Washington, DC, Cary Hatch, President and 

Chief Executive Officer ........................................................................................ 21 

Prepared statement of Ms. Hatch ................................................................... 39 

Spann, Wade J., Washington, DC .......................................................................... 6 

Prepared statement of Mr. Spann ................................................................... 33 

Vietnam Veterans of America, Richard F. Weidman, Executive Director for 

Policy and Government Affairs ........................................................................... 12 

Prepared statement of Mr. Weidman ............................................................. 37 

MATERIAL SUBMITTED FOR THE RECORD 

Post Hearing Questions and Responses for the Record: 

Hon. Harry E. Mitchell, Chairman, Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Committee on Veterans’ Affairs, to Hon. James B. Peake, 

M.D., Secretary, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, letter dated 

September 24, 2008, and VA responses ...................................................... 44 

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MEDIA OUTREACH TO VETERANS: 

AN UPDATE 

TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2008 

U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, COMMITTEE ON VETERANS’ AFFAIRS, SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND INVESTIGATIONS, Washington, DC. 

The Subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 10:08 a.m., in 

Room 2247, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Harry E. Mitchell [Chairman of the Subcommittee] presiding. 

Present: Representatives Mitchell and Space. 

OPENING STATEMENT OF CHAIRMAN MITCHELL 

Mr. MITCHELL. Good morning, and welcome to the House Veterans’ Affairs Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations hearing. This is a hearing on media outreach to veterans, an update, 

September 23, 2008. This hearing will come to order. 

Today, we are following up on the U.S. Department of Veterans 

Affairs (VA) outreach efforts. If, by the VA’s own estimate, only 7.7 

million of America’s 25 million veterans are currently enrolled and 

receiving benefits, how are we bringing the VA to the remaining 17 

million veterans? 

Waiting for veterans to show up to the VA is neither effective nor 

acceptable. The VA must be proactive. 

We will be hearing from veterans about the perception of the 

VA’s pilot public awareness campaign in Washington, DC, to promote the suicide hotline and VA mental health services. We are 

honored to have them here today. 

We will also hear from the marketing firm of MDB Communications about the best practices for reaching consumers. 

Finally, the VA will update us on the status of the pilot public 

awareness campaign and its plans for expansion in conjunction 

with a national outreach strategy. 

On July 15th, this Subcommittee heard testimony on the creation 

of an outreach strategy to alert veterans and their families where 

they can turn for help. In the hearing, marketing experts encouraged the VA to conduct thorough market research before executing 

an advertising campaign, emphasizing the need for a strategic plan 

with a market tested message and with measurable objectives that 

focus on veterans’ needs. 

We also heard from the VA’s Assistant Secretary for Public and 

Intergovernmental Affairs, Lisette Mondello, about the Department’s outreach plans, specifically the 3-month pilot campaign to 

promote VA’s suicide hotline in Washington, DC. 

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Today Assistant Secretary Mondello will update us on the status 

of the pilot project, which is scheduled to conclude next month. 

Based on initial results, the VA’s stated intent was to expand the 

program. We look forward to hearing how VA plans to do this and 

how the VA can maximize effectiveness. 

After hearing about the importance of a well-researched, comprehensive, targeted outreach strategy in the July 15th hearing, we 

also look forward to hearing what recent progress has been made 

in procuring the necessary marketing research expertise to help VA 

develop and refine its national outreach strategy. 

Additionally, in the July 15th hearing, a public service announcement (PSA) featuring Gary Sinise was shown. I am curious to learn 

today why it was not distributed to television stations in the Washington, DC, area as part of the DC-based pilot public awareness 

campaign so the VA could gain additional feedback. 

It is now my understanding based on what the VA has told our 

Subcommittee staff that the VA plans to award a contract next 

week to distribute this public service announcement nationwide. 

If the subsequent market research concludes that it is not an effective outreach tool, I want to know what the VA will be able to 

make of the necessary adjustments and that this one PSA will not 

be distributed as a substitute for thoroughly market tested messages in the future. 

I am also eager to learn how the VA will be tracking the use of 

this public service announcement by television stations and whether it is proving effective. 

Finally, I look forward to hearing more about the VA’s potential 

use of paid advertising at movie theaters nationwide to show the 

Gary Sinise public service announcement. 

In response to a post-hearing question from our July hearing, 

Ms. Mondello suggested the VA is considering this as an option. 

This is certainly innovative and if this is the best way to reach veterans at risk for suicide and let them know where they can turn 

for help, then I am all for it. The only question is, is it the best 

method? 

But first we will hear from four veterans who live in the Washington, DC, area, who have been exposed to the pilot public awareness campaign. I am eager to hear their impressions of this campaign and I trust their input will be useful to the VA as well. 

We will also hear from Ms. Cary Hatch, President and Chief Executive Officer of MDB Communications. I expect that her testimony will enlighten all of us on the requirements and potential pitfalls of launching an effective national advertising campaign. 

I want to thank all of our witnesses for coming to testify before 

the Subcommittee today. The fact that we are holding this hearing, 

the second this year to focus on media outreach, should make clear 

the importance of this issue. And we look forward to your testimony. 

Before I recognize the Ranking Member for her remarks, I would 

like to swear in our witnesses. I ask that all witnesses, please 

stand and raise their right hand. 

[Witnesses sworn.] 

[The prepared statement of Chairman Mitchell appears on 

p. 30.] 

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Mr. MITCHELL. Thank you. 

I ask unanimous consent that all Members have five legislative 

days to submit a statement for the record. Hearing no objection, so 

ordered. 

The first panel, at this time, I would like to recognize Mr. Brian 

Hawthorne, a veteran of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF); Mr. Wade 

Spann, also a veteran of Operation Iraqi Freedom; Ms. Carolyn 

Schapper, our third OIF veteran; and Mr. Rick Weidman, Executive Director of Policy and Government Affairs for the Vietnam 

Veterans of America (VVA) as well as a Vietnam vet. 

I thank all of you for coming and I thank you for your service 

to our country. Would you please come to the table. 

And I ask all of our witnesses to stay within the 5 minutes of 

their opening statements and your full statement will be submitted 

for the record. 

And we will begin with Mr. Hawthorne, if you do not mind, and 

then we will just go on down the table. 

STATEMENTS OF BRIAN HAWTHORNE, WASHINGTON, DC (OIF 

VETERAN); WADE J. SPANN, WASHINGTON, DC (OIF VETERAN); CAROLYN SCHAPPER, REPRESENTATIVE, IRAQ AND 

AFGHANISTAN VETERANS OF AMERICA (OIF VETERAN); AND 

RICHARD F. WEIDMAN, EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR FOR POLICY 

AND GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS, VIETNAM VETERANS OF AMERICA 

STATEMENT OF BRIAN HAWTHORNE 

Mr. HAWTHORNE. Good morning, Chairman Mitchell and the 

other Members of this distinguished Subcommittee. I truly appreciate the privilege of your time to offer my perspective on veterans’ 

health and suicide prevention. 

My name is Brian Hawthorne. I am currently serving as an 

Army Reservist while I attend George Washington University here 

in DC. 

I am a combat medic in the military and served two tours in 

Iraq, most recent as part of the surge in Baghdad. I returned to 

U.S. soil on Memorial Day of this year after ten difficult months. 

As a medic, I am responsible and intimately connected to the 

health and well-being of the soldiers in my unit, which is increasingly revolving around mental health. 

The Army has begun placing much greater emphasis on the mental health of its soldiers with the assignment of combat stress 

teams on most bases in theater and many more required hours of 

training and briefings for Commanders, medics, and soldiers alike. 

These efforts have paid great dividends in reducing the stigma 

associated with mental healthcare and I believe that leadership at 

all levels is now much more available and able to identify soldiers 

at risk for this condition. 

This not only enhances the level of care available to most soldiers 

in theater, but it is encouraging the efforts across the military to 

reduce these stigmas. 

Obviously, however, this fight does not stop upon leaving the battlefield. Even more important than the availability of mental 

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healthcare in theater is the availability and usage of such care at 

home. 

There are some key differences between these environments, 

however, that I would like to outline for you. 

In country, your average servicemember has daily interactions 

with their chain of command as well as with their peers who are 

experiencing essentially the same stresses. Therefore, it is significantly easier for an aware leader to be able to identify at risk individuals by comparing how he or she is handling their stress compared to everyone else. 

Along these same lines, it is much easier for a healthcare provider or Commander to track the development of a condition over 

the course of a tour because for the most part, everyone entered 

theater at the same time and, therefore, their exposure to trauma 

and stress is equal. 

In these conflicts, especially at this phase, when the theaters are 

so mature and rich with resources, servicemembers have many 

more stimuli affecting their stress levels than ever before. It is not 

uncommon to have soldiers talking to their family or friends hours 

or even minutes before leaving the wire on a combat patrol. 

Now, imagine for a moment if that short, albeit critical, conversation does not end well for that servicemember, be it a fight with 

a spouse, a sick child, a sudden or unexpected expense, or just tension on the other line. That soldier now has significantly more on 

his or her mind than their peers, yet still must be able to handle 

the same stresses of their mission. 

I am not a psychologist, but I can say from experience that 

stresses from home can significantly amplify the stress in combat. 

Upon redeployment, homecoming experiences run the gamut 

from good to bad. For the most part, excitement of reuniting with 

families and the real world takes precedence over all else and 

whatever issues that servicemember was facing are pushed down. 

As we now know, this is not only unproductive, but it is normal. 

The mantra of what happens in Vegas stays in Vegas does not 

apply here, yet many servicemembers wish it did. Maybe they 

think their buddies do not want to talk about it anymore or that 

their families or friends just would not understand. But for the 

most part in those first few weeks, elation and relief is perceived 

for progress and a cure. 

The veteran selects middle of the road answers on a mental 

health survey and is released from the out-processing center. In 

most units, this is the time when most issues begin to occur. A 

family or a lifestyle is not as he remembered and he no longer has 

his battle buddies around to talk to, to keep track of him. He may 

have had a few months off now with a regular paycheck and no one 

accountable for him. 

As a Reservist with multiple tours, I had almost 70 days of leave 

accrued which was kindly tacked on to the end of my tour as part 

of my terminal leave. During this time, I reached out to my families and friends and a few battle buddies from the tour. However, 

at no time did anyone from my chain of command or the VA contact me to see how I was doing. 

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The rationale for this, at least in my experience, soldiers do not 

want to be bothered with Army visits during this time, so they are 

not. 

During these months, however, other soldiers reached out to me 

even though we were off duty and in some cases not in the same 

unit or even the same country. My guys from down range still felt 

comfortable calling Doc Hawthorne and to chat about what was 

going on as they had while we were in Iraq. 

Mostly they want to know what normal was. Should I be having 

trouble sleeping still? Is three beers a night too much? I have flashbacks. What do I do? And so forth. 

As I said, I am not a psychologist. I know the limits of my capabilities. I would help as I could, but mostly I referred them to Military OneSource which was heavily advertised to us both down 

range and during our post-deployment briefings. 

For the most part, they received outstanding treatment from the 

system there, continued to see one of their assigned therapists with 

great success. The question then becomes, hence this hearing, what 

of the veterans who do not have a doc, who do not know about Military OneSource, or are not eligible for its services? What about the 

family member who has concern about their recently returned veteran? 

That, I believe, is where the VA suicide hotline plays the most 

important role. By advertising its availability and convenience, not 

only where the veterans are, but where their families are, by making this service public knowledge, we are infinitely increasing the 

likelihood that a veteran will end up using it either through his 

own discovery or peer pressure of a concerned family member or 

friend. If this is indeed our objective, then there should be no limit 

to the creativity applied to its distribution. While it could be argued that a veteran is not likely to be sitting at home at noon on 

a Tuesday watching soap operas, it is very possible that his mother 

or grandmother could be and having had just the conversation with 

him on his difficulties had been empowered with information that 

could save his life. 

At the other end of the spectrum, his or her teenager may not 

be able to fully understand what their parent has been through, 

but understand they are different now. While soap operas may not 

be the medium to reach this demographic, but certainly ads on arenas such as Facebook, MySpace, Google, et cetera, can register 

enough with them to prompt a conversation or intervention. We 

cannot afford to forget the influence of such mediums. 

To speak specifically on the ads that are currently running in 

DC, I would like to make the following comments. 

First, it is imperative to emphasize the confidentiality of such 

services. Bearing in mind that many veterans are still in some kind 

of Government service or in the military, career progression is a 

major consideration when seeking help. 

I personally know soldiers who refrain from seeking any sort of 

official mental healthcare due to the fact they do not want a black 

mark in their record. This is not an official or institutional issue. 

This is a personal one and that in the military, we promote in our 

own image. 

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Take, for example, a friend of mine who is a young infantry platoon leader. He served in Iraq and comes home and wants to seek 

mental health. How likely is his unit to send him to an arduous 

course such as ranger school after seeing he struggled with combat 

stress? What about when he is up for promotion to Major or eligible 

for Battalion Command? Are officers on his board likely to give him 

that command with his history of mental health issues? We must 

allow this soldier the opportunity to talk through some of these 

issues without hurting their career opportunities down the road. 

And I believe the VA is the agency for that. 

Secondly, the strength of a warrior quote, is an excellent one, 

and I agree with it wholeheartedly. However, I believe it is limited 

to the Army and Marine Corps and does little to reach out to our 

water and skyborne brethren. We cannot afford to have this service 

seem exclusive in the least. 

In closing, I would like to reemphasize the fact that the military 

is currently making great strides in caring for the mental health 

of our servicemembers while they are deployed and when they return home. There is still much to be done, especially for Guard and 

Reservists. 

And between the 2 years of my demobilizations, the difference 

was night and day. I would highly recommend collaboration with 

Military OneSource and other such services for best practice. 

Second, these initial efforts of advertisements are to be commended. And I would like to ask the VA to expand on these initiatives for all their benefits, particularly education and the new GI 

Bill. 

What often keeps a veteran from achieving their full potential 

with earned benefits is sadly just ignorance of their entitlements. 

Again, it may be an observant family member or friend that sees 

an ad. It can drastically improve the life of one of our Nation’s heroes. 

Thank you for your time and for your service to our veterans and 

their families. I welcome the opportunity to answer your questions, 

sir. 

[The prepared statement of Mr. Hawthorne appears on p. 31.] 

Mr. MITCHELL. Thank you. 

Mr. Spann. 

STATEMENT OF WADE J. SPANN 

Mr. SPANN. Chairman Mitchell, my name is Wade Spann and I 

am honored to be here today. I speak about my experience as a 

combat-wounded veteran. 

I would like to take the opportunity to thank the VA in helping 

with my transition from the Marine Corps to academic life. 

I joined the United States Marine Corps in August 2001. I fought 

alongside my brothers in the 1st Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment. 

As an infantryman, I did three separate and distinct tours. The 

first was the push to Baghdad. The second was in Fallujah and my 

third was Al Ramadi. 

In June 2004, while on my second tour in support of Operation 

Iraqi Freedom, four of my fellow Marines and I were wounded by 

an improvised explosive device (IED) attack in our Humvee. I wish 

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I could speak about this incident in detail, but my injuries and the 

loss of consciousness prevent me from remembering a whole lot. 

The following year in March 2005, I returned to Iraq with one 

five. This time to Al Ramadi, Iraq. During this point, I reached the 

end of my obligated tour of duty and returned home in June of 

2005. 

Upon returning from Iraq, I participated in the mandatory separation classes. These classes made an attempt to explain to me all 

the veterans’ benefits that I was entitled to and available, but it 

was difficult to fully understand. 

There was a great deal of paper that needed to be sent and people who needed to be contacted. Accomplishing this while simultaneously preparing to move across the country presented a significant obstacle. 

On August 6th, 2005, I finally said my farewells and started a 

new chapter in my life. The change from the Marine Corps to an 

academic environment was filled with frustration, miscommunication, and a sense of feeling out of place. To be honest, I felt more 

comfortable in Iraq than in a classroom. 

Only a few short weeks after my discharge from active duty, I 

began my first college classes and quickly learned that my injuries 

I suffered in Iraq were complicating my transition into student life. 

The short-term memory loss that I suffered was a direct result 

of my head wounds in Iraq. Having this dramatic effect on ability 

to retain information, I was going to need everyday assistance from 

professors and tutors in order to succeed in academic life. 

Although George Washington University and major colleges and 

universities do not offer transition programs for veterans, I was 

lucky because my injuries qualified me for disability student support. 

With an established infrastructure for providing services and information, it seems only natural that VA should take the opportunity to partner with schools and to assist educating veterans on 

benefits available to them. 

Through educating one veteran about the benefits available to 

them, many more can be reached. There were numerous times 

when I learned of a benefit or other service available to me through 

word of mouth. A great deal of my knowledge about my entitlements and disability benefits has come from listening to other veterans who have already gone down this process. 

For instance, I would have been unable to attend George Washington University had I not learned about the VA Chapter 31 benefit. 

Vocational rehabilitation. It was not easy to get approval for this 

benefit of vocational rehab. It is the only reason I am able to attend 

such a prestigious institution. 

When I informed a fellow Marine that he could qualify for the 

same Chapter 31 benefit and return to Pepperdine University and 

finish his degree he had started prior to enlistment, he was 

amazed. 

The word of mouth is a powerful thing, but it should not be the 

primary nor the most successful way to disseminate information 

about veterans’ benefits. An effort must be made to better dissemiwwoods2 on PRODPC68 with HEARING

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nate the information to veterans about the services available to 

them. 

These are benefits and services that have been earned in a very 

real, painful, and sometimes life-changing way. Whether by way of 

a more sophisticated Web site, through an intense e-mail campaign, or by some other method, information about the services 

must get to the people who have earned and deserve them. 

Now that you have heard my experiences of transition out of the 

military and into an academic environment, I want to speak about 

the main reason I came here today. 

As everyone is well aware, there is a brotherhood formed when 

men are in combat. It has been over 3 years since my platoon 

turned in our weapons, dropped our packs, and took off our body 

armor, yet we continue to suffer casualties. 

On July 31st of this year, I received word from my best friend, 

Gunnery Sergeant Timothy Cyparski, that a member of our platoon, Timothy Nelson, had taken his life. Corporal Nelson was an 

ideal Marine. He took on diversity, followed orders, respected authority, and was a relief during trying times. I had not spoken to 

Nelson since I got out, but the news shook me to my core. 

That week, I talked to Gunnery Sergeant Cyparski regularly for 

support and just to find answers. Corporal Nelson’s death had 

brought a lot of the guys from the platoon back together and persuaded me to call guys I had not talked to in years. 

From talking to the other Marines in the platoon, I learned that 

Corporal Nelson had been recalled, was preparing to honor his 

country, called back to duty. Following his medical physical, he was 

disqualified from returning to duty because he had previously been 

diagnosed with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). This 

among other several factors was a significant contributor to his 

tragic death. 

Gunnery Sergeant Cyparski flew to Washington State to help 

Corporal Nelson’s newlywed wife and grieving family. He wanted 

to show that Corporal Nelson was, and always will be, a brother 

in our platoon and that we would always keep him in our hearts. 

Only a week after Gunnery Sergeant Cyparski flew out to Washington, I received the most devastating news imaginable. My best 

friend and my mentor, Gunnery Sergeant Timothy Cyparski, had 

taken his own life, leaving behind his wife and two beautiful young 

children. 

The news hit us hard within the company and many Marines 

came together searching for answers to why we lost 2 brothers in 

2 weeks. To me, Gunnery Sergeant Cyparski was the greatest Marine infantryman imaginable and he was a role model to all of us. 

A Purple Heart recipient, he was injured by the same IED explosion that I was. The injuries Gunnery Sergeant Cyparski received 

that day only truly manifested themselves 3 years after the event, 

at the beginning of this year. His Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), diagnosed as a hematoma deep inside the right hemisphere of his 

brain, began causing him significant cognitive issues and memory 

loss. This caused Gunnery Sergeant Cyparski to be assigned to a 

limited duty and the Wounded Warrior Program as he pursued 

medical treatment. 

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Gunnery Sergeant Cyparski had also been awarded two Bronze 

Stars for valor in combat. These awards, though significant, do little to illustrate the full measure of a man who was so admired and 

respected by everyone who met him and worked with him. To me, 

he was a great influence and I base much of my success in school 

to his encouragement. We constantly talked and I asked him for 

advice and guidance. 

That being said, Gunnery Sergeant Cyparski did suffer from the 

effects of war and he had difficulties dealing with physical and psychological. However, he was proactive in seeking treatment and 

hoped to one day finish an academic degree to better provide for 

his family. 

I consider Corporal Nelson and Gunnery Sergeant Cyparski to be 

combat casualties. Their deaths were a direct result of their combat 

duty and this great Nation lost two outstanding heroes that can 

never be replaced. For this loss, our great country is a little weaker 

now. 

In the past month, I have spent a great deal of time reflecting 

on these events and what could have been done to save these two 

young Marines who had so much to look forward to. 

Through this reflection, I have found that there is no single absolute correct answer because each individual needs a different approach and different solutions. However, there are clear signs and 

similarities in a majority of these cases. 

For Corporal Nelson and Gunnery Sergeant Cyparski, their similarities began with their diagnosis of PTSD. And this diagnosis led 

both to be disqualified from serving their country as Marine infantrymen. Being an infantryman was what they had signed up to be 

in the Marines and it was their passion. 

In addition, both were given difficult to adjust medications as 

treatment for PTSD following their doctors’ advice. 

Through my observations and experience, I have come to the conclusion that there needs to be a strong network of friends and family they are going to educate on the signs and symptoms of both 

PTSD and TBI. Obviously families are more easily accessible than 

friends. However, if you consider friends being members of their respective military unit, others in the military, and those who served 

with them, they are more likely to be accessible to VA outreach and 

more likely to recognize a problem and an issue. 

Another aspect that needs to be addressed is seeking treatment 

is confidential and their cases will not be disclosed to anyone or 

threaten future job opportunities. I know the stigma associated 

with PTSD is not easily altered, but there are steps that can be 

taken to educate veterans and our society as a whole about this 

seeming epidemic. 

Accessibility to VA’s resources should reflect an emerging demographic of veterans. Problems need to be addressed and new outlets 

need to be explored. The majority of recent veterans are a young, 

technologically savvy generation and we depend on online mediums 

for information. The VA needs to make their Web site more user 

friendly and benefits easier to understand, with resources available 

either by electronic chat services or by phone. As it stands now, I 

still have trouble comprehending it. 

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A case manager to coordinate appointments and discuss benefits 

with each individual would be ideal. The small details and the 

upscale programs that the VA offers need to be divulged to the veteran rather than the individual having to rely on their own investigative skills. 

I have great hope for the VA that it will be able to carry its message regarding PTSD and TBI to a larger audience of veterans and 

their families. It needs to utilize the very best America has to offer 

in technology and media in order to increase veteran awareness on 

what has the potential to become a true epidemic if continued unresolved. 

If the Army and Marine Corps can sponsor commercials at halftime shows, I am sure the VA can equally do a good job putting 

the word out during these same time slots and to those same viewers. 

We also utilize social networking sites like MySpace and 

Facebook. In fact, this is one of the easiest ways for me to stay in 

contact with my brothers in the Marine Corps. These networks 

make it effortless to contact one another and there are support initiatives that could easily be utilized for veterans and their families. 

In a more expansive effort, the VA could invest in its own social 

networking sites allowing veterans to join these groups specific to 

their unit. This would enable them to maintain contact with their 

fellow servicemembers, their primary source of support for all combat trauma-related issues, or providing a form for easy dissemination of relevant information from the VA. 

Several veteran groups from individual units have tried to do 

this with some success, but detachment from the VA’s information 

and services data and prohibitive startup costs have handicapped 

the true potential of such sites. 

An additional network that the VA could utilize or perhaps organize is the veteran nonprofit community. Americans have always 

been generous and grateful to its veterans. This is demonstrated 

through the many organizations and individuals who have donated 

time and money to assist us. However, there is no defined coalition 

that ensures these services are not duplicating and that veterans 

know how to utilize these services. 

A veteran will not ask for something if he does not know it exists 

or where to go to receive it. 

I came here today for action. PTSD and TBI are very real afflictions facing an unknown number of veterans today. The nature of 

these injuries means that the true number of these affected may 

never be known. The type of combat we have been or are currently 

engaged in ensures the numbers will be large. 

Preparations must be made now for what unfortunately may 

prove to be the most significant long-term maladies suffered by this 

generation of servicemembers. 

Getting information to us first is the most important step to preventing a tragedy that has already befallen too many of my brothers. I know that being here today will not change the fact that my 

two brothers will never return. However, if speaking to you in this 

room can do anything to prevent one of my fellow brothers from 

going down that same path, I will have done my part. 

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11 

I know the VA is aware of the media outreach. It is a necessity 

in order to inform veterans and the resources. It must happen now. 

This is a situation where oversaturation of the message is not possible. 

I ask America’s leaders to unite under a solid commitment and 

do whatever it takes to end these unnecessary losses. Corporal Nelson, Gunnery Sergeant Cyparski, and all veterans made a solemn 

oath to defend you and this Nation. Please do the same for us. 

[The prepared statement of Mr. Spann appears on p. 33.] 

Mr. MITCHELL. Thank you. 

Ms. Schapper. 

STATEMENT OF CAROLYN SCHAPPER 

Ms. SCHAPPER. Good morning, Mr. Chairman, Members of the 

Subcommittee. Thank you for the opportunity to testify today on 

the VA’s first efforts at media outreach to veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan. 

As an Iraq veteran, I know well the importance of VA’s outreach. 

As a member of the Army National Guard, I served in Iraq from 

October 2005 to September 2006. I was a member of a military intelligence team that went out on over 200 combat patrols. My team 

and I experienced IEDs, mortar fire, and sniper fire. 

When I came home, I began to deal with a wide range of adjustment issues including anger, isolation, increased drinking, nightmares, and hypervigilance. My symptoms altered and grew over 

time. I knew I was not the person I used to be. 

I suspected I might have PTSD, but I had no way to figure it out. 

I started to look online for factors for war veterans and PTSD, but 

nothing spoke to me as an Iraq veteran. I even looked at the VA’s 

Web site and I did not find anything on there that was helpful. 

Fortunately, I ran into another vet who had gone to a Vet Center 

and asked for help. So I, too, went to a Vet Center that helped me 

start going through the maze that is the Veterans Affairs Administration. 

The best way to describe PTSD is feeling like you are in the bottom of a dark hole and that you are lost and disconnected. When 

you feel this way, it is very hard to pull yourself out of that hole 

and to start going to the VA and figuring out who you need to talk 

to. 

So when I saw the posters in the Metro recently, I was very excited because I could have used this 2 years ago. If I had known 

there was a hotline I could call, I would have been all over it. 

However, one of my questions about the posters is, they are great 

for DC metro area, but how do we reach out to the people in rural 

areas that do not have buses and subways? 

Also, the phone number on the poster, unless you are sitting 

right next to it, you cannot really see it. And if someone thinks 

they are dealing with mental health problems, they are not going 

to want to walk up to a public poster and start writing down a 

phone number. So I just recommend something as simple as making the phone number bigger. 

Something that has been done well is I read a copy of the letter 

the VA is apparently sending out in conjunction with this campaign 

that outlines several of the symptoms I described previously. The 

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12 

letter is good and comprehensive, but I ask who and who is not receiving it as I personally have not received it. 

Before being asked to testify, I had not come across the public 

service announcement with Gary Sinise, so I think it is a great announced PSA. However, it only focuses on suicide. I took the time 

to call the number myself to find out about the hotline. It is also 

for anybody suffering from any symptoms of PTSD, even their family members that have concerns. 

If a message is just focusing on suicide, it is too little too late. 

If you can hit PTSD symptoms before they get to the point of suicide, that is when people can really be helped. 

However, a lot of soldiers, Marines, airmen, sailors are just going 

to suck it up. If they think it is just for people who have suicidal 

thoughts, they are not going to call it. They are going to be like 

I came home with all my body parts, I am okay. I can handle this. 

Again, we do not want to wait until they get to suicidal tendencies 

before they call that hotline. 

I think a lot of these problems could be solved if the VA did more 

testing of ads before they rolled them out including more focus 

groups and taking the suggestion of online social networking sites, 

Army Times, anything that can be found in the Post Exchange (PX) 

that a soldier can buy. 

In my spare time, I am also representative for Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans of America. We are one of the largest nonpartisan 

Iraq and Afghanistan veterans groups in America and we are also 

working on a public service announcement partnered with the Ad 

Council to conduct a multi-year PSA campaign to reduce the stigma surrounding mental healthcare and to ensure veterans seeking 

access to care and benefits, and particularly those who need treatment for their psychological injuries. But we alone cannot do it. 

The VA needs to do it because they are ultimately the ones that 

can provide services. 

So our PSA campaign will in no way eliminate the need for the 

VA to plan its own outreach and advertising campaign. Only a concerted effort on the part of the VA will ensure that veterans finally 

have easy access to the many benefits the VA has to offer. 

Thank you for your time. 

[The prepared statement of Ms. Schapper appears on p. 36.] 

Mr. MITCHELL. Thank you. 

Mr. Weidman. 

STATEMENT OF RICHARD F. WEIDMAN 

Mr. WEIDMAN. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, for your leadership in 

holding this hearing and the previous hearings that led to this 

today. We appreciate it from Vietnam Veterans of America. 

And it is not just a question of media. The media really emanates 

from a communication strategy. And the communication strategy 

has to begin with your governance strategy and your decisions 

about how you are going to interact with the people whom you 

serve. If you were in private business, it would be how you are 

going to interact with your customer and then how you are going 

to do business. And then from that emanates your communication 

strategy that has to be of a whole. 

wwoods2 on PRODPC68 with HEARING

13 

VA is doing a lot of stuff, but it is not very well coordinated nor 

does it grow organically from the way in which they practice medicine within the VA itself. All too often it is stuff on the side in response to outside pressure. 

A lot of it has to do with credibility. You heard people to my 

right, these fine young people who served in OIF, talk about that 

a veteran will believe another veteran before they will believe anything in a shiny brochure or a PSA. And that is accurate. The question is, how do you start the chain going where one veteran is convinced and passes it on to another and how do you reach enough 

veterans in order to do that. 

The first thing you have to do is develop credibility. Vietnam veterans and the VA have had a rocky history since we came home 

some 40 years ago. One could put a diplomatic face on it, but basically we were lied to over and over again and not welcomed at the 

VA. 

And the founding principle of Vietnam Veterans of America is, 

and we still remain true to that, never again shall one generation 

of American veterans abandon another. That credibility or lack of 

credibility that the VA has still with many Vietnam veterans is not 

faced by as many OIF and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) veterans. However, I know young people who do not have the same 

faith in the Marine Corps or the military that these young people 

have talked about this morning nor do they have the same faith 

in the VA. 

So the first thing is that you have to look at and start telling 

people the unvarnished truth. I will tell a vignette if I may digress 

a moment. 

Fifteen years ago, someone who should have had better judgment 

invited me down when I was working for Governor Cuomo in New 

York to interview for the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Public Information. Everybody who knows me started to laugh and said, 

Weidman, you are the anti-flack, no way that you could fulfill that 

position. Ultimately they hired somebody much more qualified for 

what they wanted, Jim Holly, who is terrific, did well in the position from their point of view. 

But in that, I was watching come down while the young lady who 

was the Assistant Secretary, it was the same day that the first announcement leaked that there had been veterans exposed to ionizing radiation, and so she was on the phone back and forth with 

Didi Myers at the White House, with Hazel O’Leary’s office over at 

Energy, et cetera. And the line then was we think a few dozen veterans may have been exposed. 

And so I listened to all of this and then finally she turns to me 

and while she has the phone on hold, she covers the receiver and 

says, Mr. Weidman, really what we want to do here, Rick, is restore credibility with the veterans community, what are the first 

three things you do? 

And I said, well, the first thing is the most important thing is 

I would stop lying to veterans. She looked at me, hung up the 

phone, and said what do you mean. I said you do not even know 

you are lying to them. I will tell you right now, it will not be a couple a dozen, but you will change your story about the end of the 

week and it will be a couple a hundred. Next week it will be a couwwoods2 on PRODPC68 with HEARING

14 

ple a thousand. And before this is all done, my guess is that we 

are going to be talking about six figures. And, in fact, that turned 

out to be prescient. 

But instead of saying from the outset we do not know how many 

have been exposed, but by God, we are going to find them all, we 

are going to provide the healthcare that they are due and we are 

going to provide the benefits that they have earned by virtue of 

being injured, they took exactly the opposite tact and tried to minimize everything and say everything is okay, it never happened. 

That has been traditionally and still remains today VA’s first response no matter what it is. There is no suicide epidemic. There 

is no major problem. We are on top of it. And it does not matter 

whether it is physiological or neuropsychiatric. 

You have to change that attitude and the attitude begins in your 

attitude toward the individual whom you are seeing of taking the 

veteran as your full partner in his or her health overall and the 

veterans community. 

I want to compliment Dr. Vic Nowabi and the whole suicide 

thing, but the problem is, is that he is laboring under that is one 

part of VA over here and it is not going organically and emanating 

from the Under Secretary’s and the Secretary’s Office as a piece of 

the governance structure as an overall communication strategy so 

that many of your materials even do not look alike. 

Now, we are small and poor and we are struggling hard to get 

a better look. These are our three most effective brochures that 

begin with a service ribbon. If you have this, check and see if you 

have diabetes or prostate cancer or these other things. And this one 

in particular, we cannot keep in stock. And we are dropping back 

now and reviewing our whole process to get a much more coordinated strategy with folks and to work through the private sector. 

Eighty percent of vets, it is a slightly higher proportion among 

the young vets, but 80 percent of vets do not go anywhere near the 

VA. Only about 15 to 20 percent use the VA. And the same is true, 

it is a slightly higher proportion of the young vets use the VA. 

So most of them are going to go to the private sector, so you have 

to work through the media and you have to work through the civilian medical establishment and how do you educate the public and 

how do you educate the providers who in turn will educate the public and those individual veterans who do not go anywhere near the 

VA. 

And there is no overall communication strategy that is trying to 

reach out and educate folks as to what are the wounds, maladies, 

illnesses, and conditions that are endemic to military service depending on branch of service, when did you serve, where did you 

serve, what was your military occupational specialty or military 

job, and what actually happened to you. 

And that is the crux of the issue and that can only emanate from 

the top down beginning with the Secretary ensuring that all of his 

or her hopefully in the future lieutenants have the message and 

the same thing and work to change the corporate culture that is 

always deny, deny, deny, everything is fine, to one of we are going 

to openly and cooperatively with the rest of America address something that is not a veteran’s problem but is an American problem 

which is the health of our returned warriors of every generation. 

wwoods2 on PRODPC68 with HEARING

15 

Thank you, Mr. Chairman. 

[The prepared statement of Mr. Weidman appears on p. 37.] 

Mr. MITCHELL. Thank you. 

First, I want to thank all of you for your service to our country. 

It is terrific. 

And I want to ask Mr. Weidman, first of all, I have a general 

impression that veterans from the Vietnam era will best be reached 

in ways much different than the OEF and OIF era. 

What do you think would be the best way to communicate with 

Vietnam veterans? 

Mr. WEIDMAN. Well, we are a more skeptical bunch because we 

have been burned more often. And, frankly, the VA today is, in 

fact, much better than when we came home. And we would like to 

think that those of us who are Vietnam vets, whether in Veterans 

Benefits Administration (VBA) or not, have had something to do 

with that different attitude on the part of society. 

Most people, just the average citizen, is determined not to have 

happen to these young people what the country did to Vietnam vets 

when we came home. It was not just what happened in combat, but 

when we came home. 

So what sets us differently than the other folks? I think the Vietnam vets, because we are more skeptical, you have to approach us 

in a different way. And that different way is, number one, changing 

the way in which you do business at the VA. You can have all the 

slick ads in the world about telling other Vietnam vets that the VA 

is today not what it was in 1977 or 1975 and it is only from another vet that they will believe that. 

So how do you reach more of those other vets? And we would 

suggest that going through the medical societies and going through 

the disease groups and to reach to the civilian medical establishment is probably the most credible way of convincing folks. We 

have become convinced of that. 

VA is supposed to be doing that. We have despaired of them taking a military history. We have despaired of them even using the 

veterans health initiative curricula and the wounds and maladies 

of war. Therefore, we have on our own started a private effort, sir, 

working with the major medical societies and with the disease 

groups in order to do that kind of consistent outreach and education with the goal of improving veterans’ health, not just 

healthcare, veterans’ health through education and advocacy. 

Mr. MITCHELL. Thank you. 

And to Brian, Wade, and Carolyn, let me ask you. You know, 

looking through all of your written testimony, you have mentioned 

things like networking through Web sites like Facebook and 

MySpace, is ideal for reaching out to veterans. 

What kind of information would you want to know in that initial 

snapshot, whom to call, what Web site to visit, what benefits are 

available? For you three and other veterans you know, what is the 

most pressing question the VA could answer in a quick online advertisement? 

And any of you could answer. 

Mr. HAWTHORNE. Sir, I would say that in a flash, you need to 

provide what services are available, so not just suicide hotline, but 

also, as we have mentioned, general mental health counseling and, 

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16 

if possible, absolutely the statement of confidentiality and the fact 

that it does not have to be a commitment. 

And when we go to the VA, we do not want to necessarily commit 

to a year of therapy. Maybe we want an hour-long conversation. 

And so the statements of what kind of care is available, how to contact, and the fact that it is confidential should absolutely be on that 

first flash. 

Ms. SCHAPPER. The ad that is currently running in the Metro, I 

think, says it all for me personally. I think if you just simply had 

that ad on the online advertising, it would work because it says 

any emotional problems or disorders or anything you are experiencing, just call this number. And that number definitely can help 

you. 

Mr. SPANN. What I would say about this ad put online, definitely 

needs to be changed. We want to include suicide. Suicide is big for 

me, but also the benefits that veterans are entitled to, not just suicide, but also, you know, VA home loan, GI benefits. 

A lot of people do not know about the new GI Bill, you know, because they are outside of this region. And that is one of the big important things that I have been stressing to the veterans I talk to. 

They have not heard about it, and, yet, you know, everybody here 

is still carrying on as usual, but they know about the new GI Bill. 

As far as marketing, I am not a marketing guru, but I could say 

they could do something about this picture. I would say this does 

not really interest me if I saw it on the side. Do something that 

has some history to it or something that, you know, gets the emotions going. I think it would be a better point in case. 

Mr. MITCHELL. Thank you. 

Mr. Space, do you have a comment or statement? 

Mr. SPACE. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. 

Ms. Schapper, I think you touched on this during your testimony. 

In rural America, you know, we do not have Metros, and we do not 

have subways. And, unfortunately, many of the people who live in 

rural America, especially those impoverished pockets that are out 

there, do not even have access to broadband or, therefore, the 

Internet, which, as I see it, puts those rural veterans at a considerable disadvantage when it comes to awareness and it puts the VA 

at a disadvantage in trying to reach them. 

I would be interested in any of your thoughts concerning some 

creative strategy, marketing strategies that might apply toward 

those living in impoverished rural America, which would be a considerable number. 

And I would also be interested in your perspective as to whether 

there are some things we can do outside of the traditional marketing and advertising venues, specifically the process of making 

the DD–214s, for example, available to all Veterans Service Offices 

within 30 days of a veteran’s discharge so that they can engage in 

progressive outreach within the community. 

Our experience has been that a lot of times, we do not know 

these veterans are back and these veteran service organizations 

(VSOs) would like to reach out to them, more want to reach out to 

them, but simply do not have the means of identifying where they 

are or even that they are home. 

wwoods2 on PRODPC68 with HEARING

17 

So I would be interested in your thoughts on both of those subjects. 

Ms. SCHAPPER. Regarding the rural campaign, if the letter that 

I saw the prototype of online does get sent to everyone, that pretty 

much covers everything. So we just need to assure that every veteran that is returning gets that. But as you touched on, maybe 

they do not know who has returned and who has not. How do we 

overcome that? I do not know. 

I would have to think more about the idea of giving DD–214s to 

VSOs because it may have to be a timing thing because a lot of veterans may not even know they are suffering from anything, may 

not want to be contacted by an outside person within a month of 

coming home. They just want to chill out and be alone. I would say 

definitely targeting 6 months someone reaching out is definitely a 

good time period. 

Also, going back to the rural, I think they pointed out that if you 

did the PSAs during football games, that would reach a lot of veterans. So something like that or just, again, magazines that you 

can generally get in the PX like Army Times or any of those types 

of things. 

Mr. WEIDMAN. Or during NASCAR races, they are going to reach 

a lot of vets in many parts of the country. 

Let me just mention that you do have to think about it differently if you are going to reach veterans in a rural area. And 

here’s an example. VA has thousands of these sitting around. I 

mean, we are the biggest customer at VBA in turning around and 

giving these out. 

Now, most of those folks when they go back to a rural area, they 

are nowhere near a VA hospital. The best shot of reaching them 

is through the outreach of the VA Vet Centers. Demanding full 

staffing, increased staffing in existing Vet Centers in order to augment the teams for doing rural outreach. They already purchased 

the vans last year, so they are ready to do it, but they need the 

staff to do it, is demanding that they staff up there. It is not a 

quick process to staff up, but they can do it. 

But as an example, reaching through the medical community in 

rural areas to inform doctors of things like the diseases endemic to 

southwest Asia and how do you recognize that. It is important for 

neuropsychiatric reasons and health, but it is the whole health of 

the individual. 

It is not just PTSD today that is still killing and taking Vietnam 

veterans early or the physiological manifestations of PTSD. It is 

Agent Orange, and it is not going to be Agent Orange for the young 

people serving in Afghanistan and Iraq today, but it is going to be 

something else. I will guaran doggone tee you that it is going to 

be something else. 

And so as those things become clear, to do a complete epidemiological study becomes important, but that is not the subject here. 

It is how do you educate and reach those people in a rural area. 

And using the general media and talk shows and employing the 

veterans organizations in going on talk shows, they all get radio no 

matter where they live in America, and educating using those 

media in creative ways. 

wwoods2 on PRODPC68 with HEARING

18 

Oftentimes they will not take a VA spokesperson, but they will 

take a veteran on a talk show. 

As to locating people when they come home, every State Director 

in all 50 States plus Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, and the 

Pacific Islands receives that DD–214 when an individual ETSs or 

ends their term of service or when they are demobilized. So somebody gets it in your State, and it is the State Director. 

In small States, and there are a number of States where such 

things are happening, but in Connecticut, the State Director, it is 

small enough that Dr. Schwartz visits every single person who 

comes home. She is there for every homecoming and then makes 

sure that they reach out to the families, either the spouse or to the 

parents of every single person coming home whether wounded or 

not when they ETS. 

So someone in your State has that, and the first line of defense 

is the State Directors. However, they are not coordinated by and 

large with the VA because the VA, even though the State Directors 

want to work closely with VA for overall strategy and believe that 

they are the front line in terms of reaching these young people, VA 

has not played very well. 

Mr. SPACE. Well, our experience has been that there are confidentiality issues that those Directors at home are worried about 

breaching by providing that information to third parties, specifically the VSOs. And we are trying to figure out a way to break 

through that wall without compromising privacy issues that are associated with the veterans. 

Mr. WEIDMAN. Forty years ago, and it still is under Title 38, it 

was legal for the VSOs to contact people to inform them of their 

benefits. And the way in which that was done was a material package and paying for the mailing went to the VA and they mailed 

that package to the individual. 

And that is how the Disabled American Veterans (DAV) and Veterans of Foreign Wars got so big after Vietnam, particularly the 

DAV, because they had the money and the brains to follow through 

on it. 

Once the individual contacts the VSO, then the VSO can pursue 

it obviously from that point on. But there is no systematic effort 

that I know of to reach the young people all utilizing that mechanism, Mr. Space. 

Mr. SPACE. Thank you. 

Yes, sir. 

Mr. HAWTHORNE. Sir, on the DD–214, when you are discharged, 

the address that is on there is usually your current location. So if 

you are discharged from Fort Bragg, it is going to say something 

along the lines of Fayetteville, North Carolina. 

However, when you move, an e-mail address generally follows 

you. So if the DD–214 asked for a personal nonmilitary e-mail address, you could follow that young veteran. I cannot speak for the 

older generation. But for the young generation, we are going to follow our e-mail because that is how we keep track of our battle buddies, and that is how we look into people. 

So if the Government would collect our personal e-mail address. 

It is likely to not change. It can be a voluntary submission. 

Mr. SPACE. Sure. I think that is an excellent point. 

wwoods2 on PRODPC68 with HEARING

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I want to thank you all for your service and certainly for your 

commitment and your time today. 

I yield back. 

Mr. MITCHELL. Thank you. 

Mr. Wu. 

Mr. WU. Chairman Mitchell, thank you very much for the accommodation for the questions for Ranking Member Brown-Waite. 

First of all, on behalf of Ms. Brown-Waite, I would like to thank 

all of you for your services. 

Brian, you have another Combat Medic Badge wearer probably 

a little more than twice your age, but you have something in common. 

Mr. WEIDMAN. Three times, Colonel Wu. 

Mr. WU. You know, and I know that your battle buddies considered you a doc and that is very important and that you have probably witnessed up close the horrors of war closer than most people 

in this room with some exceptions. We would applaud you on that. 

Wade, thank you. You should be very proud of your service, your 

Purple Heart. 

And, Carolyn, my dad was military intelligence, but I am not 

sure what the military intelligence team does when they go out on 

combat patrol. I do not think we have the time, but I would like 

to talk to you later on exactly what you do do on that issue. He 

served 27 years in military intelligence. 

And, Rick, thank you for your service in the past. I do have a 

question, though. Your testimony says 85 percent of the veterans 

do not go to the VA. I am not going to denigrate you on that number right there. 

But if I looked at the numbers that we are looking at and the 

shortfall the VA had in treating OIF/OEF, it is my recollection that 

at least a quarter million veterans have made some intervention 

and contact with the VA, good or bad, or for whatever their service 

is. I am not sure how that number works. 

And a question also for all of you is, I think that Mr. Space and 

Chairman Mitchell have talked about what is the best way to get 

out there, and I think the way we wrote the question or the question came up in the first hearing is whether or not you could use 

an Internet address, nonmilitary as you talked about, Brian, that 

most younger generations follow. 

And I think the VA responded to that in QFR or questions for 

the record hopefully that Ms. Mondello will be able to expand upon 

what the progress is on the legality and the privacy issue of using 

that DD–214 or getting the services to agree somewhere on the 

DD–214 or for the separating service that they have a good personal e-mail to follow you on. I think that that could be very, very 

effective and hopefully they will talk about that. 

And this is collectively to the group right here. You heard about 

the ads. Mr. Space talks about rural areas. VA is going to have a 

million dollars to do this ad campaign. How do you approach multi 

generations, urban, suburban, rural? 

And real quickly your thoughts as to what you think, you know, 

for VA’s use on suicide intervention that solidly captures the soldier’s attention, motivates them, what would motivate them, what 

wwoods2 on PRODPC68 with HEARING

20 

would the message be that motivates them to reach for their phone 

or go to their keyboard? 

Mr. SPANN. One idea that I am always taking is the drunk driving commercials, the one where the little girl is on the swing set 

and then it has the screen go black and it says a drunk driver 

killed this girl. Ads like that are in your face, that people are going 

to be remembering. 

It has been a few years since I have seen the last one of those, 

but it still is in my mind. Stuff that, you know, does not hide the 

truth, the ugliness of suicide, something that is in your face and 

it is going to make people think right then and there what is happening. 

Then again, the people that are viewing these ads, you know, 

just like an alcoholic. An alcoholic might not admit he has a problem. A person with suicidal issues might not admit they have a 

problem. It is that person’s friends and family who also need to be 

targeted. And if we can do that through that same ad, I think it 

is going to be a win-win situation. 

Mr. WU. Congratulations on being accepted to George Washington University. Are you in marketing or what is your major? 

Mr. SPANN. International affairs, sir, conflict and security. 

Mr. WU. You might want to think about that. 

Brian. 

Mr. HAWTHORNE. Sir, when we were preparing for this testimony, Mr. Bestor showed us a video that the Army is currently 

using internally and it has a First Sergeant or a higher ranking 

non-commissioned officer (NCO) going through two different stories 

of soldiers that went down range and came back. And they said, 

well, I lost these soldiers. And this is what we should have done. 

I think in my experience in the military, the military does not 

want to hide from these issues. We are an organization that wants 

to stand in the light of day and we do not want to lose any more 

of our guys. And so to not only place the burden on the families, 

but also on the current service. 

I wrote down when Mr. Space was speaking on rural areas. 

There is a recruiter in almost every county, right? I mean, that is 

a person who is still in uniform. That is someone who has served. 

I mean, obviously if they are a recruiter, they are an outstanding 

NCO or officer. That maybe someone who served would say, hey, 

you know, my buddy, he used to look like you. He is struggling. 

Arm the recruiters even if it is one more piece of paper, and I 

hate to burden them, but they are out there already because obviously we are trying to bring in as much as we are trying to take 

care of those out. Arm the recruiters because they are there, part 

of the communities. Most of them speak at high schools, colleges, 

et cetera. 

I mean, give them a couple hours of information just in case 

someone does come up to them. You know, put the ad on the window. And as much as I worry if this would hurt recruiting, I mean, 

because obviously we are trying to bring in young men and women 

who do not want these issues, but to somehow with the marketing 

people say, hey, if you do ever have these issues, welcome to the 

Army, but when you do have these issues, we will take care of you 

wwoods2 on PRODPC68 with HEARING

21 

if you do. And it can have a positive spin. It does not have to be 

negative. 

Mr. WU. Thank you. 

Mr. WEIDMAN. That would be great if recruiters would do that, 

but my experience over many years is that it has about as much 

chance of a snowball in Haiti of that happening because recruiters, 

the whole reward system is set up for recruiting and they do not 

want to talk about problems. 

But the problems and how the problems get realized is, it is often 

what gets a veteran to reach out for neuropsychiatric help, but 

sometimes for physiological help too. It is not the individual veteran. It is his or her family. And the best way in rural areas to 

reach families is radio and the creative use of radio in cooperation 

with weekly newspapers which we almost never use. 

And the second thing is look at what are the social organizations, 

whether it be the Eagles or the Elks or religious organizations, and 

VA often says no, no, no, that is a violation of church and state. 

Well, it is not a violation of church and state in order to educate 

those clergy of all faiths to then share good information with the 

families in their congregation. 

And that is another way that has not been tapped at all, particularly having to do with the importance of pastoral counseling in 

rural America. It is something that we have not tapped into at all 

and that the military is using more and more in training chaplains 

in pastoral counseling that really goes over into PTSD and 

neuropsychiatric counseling. 

Mr. MITCHELL. Thank you very much and thank you all for your 

service. We appreciate you coming today and hopefully we can 

make some real changes as a result of what we learned from you. 

Thank you. 

I would like to welcome the second panel. At this time, I would 

like to recognize Ms. Cary Hatch, President and Chief Executive 

Officer, MDB Communications located here in Washington, DC. 

I would like to recognize you for 5 minutes, Ms. Hatch. 

STATEMENT OF CARY HATCH, PRESIDENT AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, MDB COMMUNICATIONS, INC., WASHINGTON, 

DC 

Ms. HATCH. Good morning, Chairman Mitchell and distinguished 

Members of the Subcommittee. My name is Cary Hatch. I am the 

President and Chief Executive Officer of MDB Communications. 

MDB is an independent, 27-year-old advertising agency 

headquartered here in Washington, DC. We serve a diverse national and global client base including National Geographic, 

Hunter Douglas, and Boston Market. 

We have also worked with the Partnership for a Drug-free America, the wellness community, and Samaritans for the Homeless. 

Our agency expertise encompasses television, print, online, and 

social media, as well as direct marketing and PR programs. 

I am privileged to serve as the Chairman of the Mid-Atlantic 

Board of Governors for the American Association of Advertising 

Agencies or the four As. And I am the recent Chairman of Advertising Week DC. 

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I also serve on the Executive Committee of the Greater Washington Board of Trade and hold a Board position for Leadership 

Greater Washington. 

I have been fortunate to be recognized as a Silver Medal honoree, 

an honor given by the American Advertising Federation for leadership and commitment to the community and to the industry. 

More importantly, as a lifelong advocate and perpetual student 

of the ever changing advertising industry, I have devoted my entire 

career to leading advertising and marketing initiatives that meet 

or exceed their goals. And I maintain a keen sensitivity to the return on investment for every program we lead or are a part of no 

matter the brand, whether publicly traded or not for profit. 

I just want to add that it is a great honor to be here today. You 

know, my credentials do not really hold a candle to the prior panel, 

but it is really a privilege to talk about advertising as a force for 

good more than just selling a product or service. 

So thank you for the opportunity to share my thoughts today regarding the pilot program for the Veterans Administration’s current outreach efforts. 

With a new directive from Secretary Peake, the VA is provided 

with a wonderful opportunity to utilize paid media to fulfill a communications mission, to promote awareness of veterans’ programs, 

including opportunities for education, training, healthcare, and 

other benefits, including the prevention of veterans’ suicides. 

Chairman Mitchell during your last hearing, I believe, ably 

pointed to the need for the VA to take advantage of the communication possibilities of modern media but must do so intelligently. 

This was further supported by the Honorable Ginny Brown-Waite 

stating that 21st century technology needs to be explored. 

Furthermore, Chairman Mitchell, I understand you went on to 

correctly point out that the VA marketing efforts are not about the 

VA, but it is about the veterans. I applaud that. 

Before doing anything, you went on to state that the VA must 

learn to see the world from the perspective of the veterans’ perspective, not just the VA’s. The VA must come to understand where 

veterans can be reached and what messages and messengers will 

get veterans’ attention. And you went on to acknowledge that this 

is not something the VA has done before. 

I am proud to underscore the history, power, and corresponding 

results of public service advertising and what has been documented 

since 1941. 

Whether we consider the United Negro College Fund’s, ‘‘A mind 

is a terrible thing to waste,’’ campaign, the Peace Corps’ effort of 

the toughest job you will ever love, or the Partnership of a Drugfree America’s numerous campaigns that unsell drug use, they 

have all been effective in changing perceptions and behavior. 

Key to this are the fundamental tenets found in all effective advertising campaigns. Therefore, public service advertising as with 

all advertising relies on achieving their potential by calibrating the 

following ingredients. 

The right message, one central idea that matters to them. I know 

Mr. Spann spoke to that earlier. The right media, reaching the target based on their media consumption habits, not on our budgets 

or what we believe to be right, but what we know will reach them. 

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And all this is to be propelled by sufficient investment spending 

levels or media weight, as we would say, to communicate the message to the prospective target and securing reasonable awareness 

resulting in comprehension, conviction, and motivation to action 

when they need it, not just when we are out in the marketplace. 

In order to ensure that this is done, the VA must produce the 

right message that I mentioned earlier, garnering a visceral response that will lead to action. 

In my experience in working with the Partnership for a Drugfree America, the best campaign successes are founded on specific 

consumer research that identifies a unique consumer insight that 

is in turn conveyed to the target in a meaningful way. 

This is the distinctive talent that seasoned advertising professionals bring to life. While advertising is not an exact science or 

merely just an art, it is a combination of research, insight, inspiration, and persuasion that moves people to consider your message 

and compel them to act on or advocate for your notion. 

When done well, tremendous results can take hold. Done poorly, 

your effort will join the clutter of thousands of messages that lay 

dormant. My advice, hire a pro. 

One option is to engage the Ad Council. I know that the VA has 

done that previously. So if you have not already done that for this 

initiative, I would strongly recommend it. 

The Ad Council marshals volunteer talent from the advertising 

and communications industries and facilitates the media and resources of business and nonprofit communities to create awareness, 

foster understanding, and motivate action. 

Ad Council campaigns are produced on a pro bono basis for advertising agencies retained by the American Association of Advertising Agencies. Each Ad Council campaign is sponsored by a nonprofit organization or Government agency such as this. 

The Ad Council works with ad agencies throughout their development of the campaign. They help you conduct your research, media 

outreach, public relations activities, and creative services. 

That brings me to investment spending. Brilliant advertising 

ideas can only take flight when supported by ample but prudent investment spending. Top notch creative ideas cannot be supported 

if you do not allow the budget to make it happen. 

It is important to note that the air time that PSA campaigns 

seek can be largely decided by public service directors at media 

outlets across the country and getting them to select your television spot over the plethora of others can be tricky. 

It is not just about your cause, but also about the quality and 

impact of the campaign you submit for their consideration. The directive here is to meet the needs of the public service directors, the 

very folks you need to engage to actually run your television, to 

place your print advertising, to support your radio campaign, or 

your transit work. 

I am a tenacious advocate of managing campaign expectations by 

aligning investment spending with productive results as they are 

in direct correlation with one another and it is a necessary disciplined effort that will bring them to light and a successful conclusion, which leads me to the next tenet, using the right media or 

fish where the fish are. 

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It is my understanding that in addition to reaching all prospective candidates for VA support, ensuring that we reach younger 

veterans as well is of prime importance, specifically those young 

men and women returning from Iraq and Afghanistan. 

I would put forth for your consideration that with the evolving 

media consumption habits of the country and indeed the world, embracing the fast-paced area of new media options would be of foremost consideration for a campaign of this type. 

Use of social networking platforms that were mentioned of 

Facebook, MySpace, and others can prove to be some of the most 

cost-effective media strategies the VA can examine and exploit. 

Modern media such as online advertising campaigns, social networks, search engine marketing, contextual targeting, et cetera, in 

addition to television and radio are essential tools for outreach, 

particularly when it comes to young and old servicemembers alike. 

Strategically when there is alignment on the definition of what 

success looks like, smart investments of funds can take place, seasoned agency partners and internal support from the VA and a 

firm commitment to tracking campaign results, this can all lead to 

a solid campaign road map and program and outcomes that can be 

achieved and measured. 

I look forward to hearing the results of the test program here in 

Washington, DC, and what was learned from that activity and 

what was achieved. That will likely shape the program going forward. 

I think we can all agree that there is much to consider in committing additional funding to roll out the program on a regional or 

national level. 

In summary, recommendations include consider working with the 

Ad Council or the four As to identify an agency partner in this effort. Their experience in this arena can shorten the inevitable 

learning curve and the lack of experience that VA has acknowledged in this arena in prior comments. This strategic alliance is 

likely to ensure the best use of the Government’s resources. 

Next developing and documenting desired outcomes such as the 

campaign and what that campaign should look like and committing 

to tracking campaign performance with regular reporting is absolutely necessary. The beauty of the Internet is you can change your 

investments on the fly. If something is not working, you can conserve those dollars and reappropriate them quickly. 

Evaluating and aligning the internal VA leadership that will direct and administer the campaign is also critical. And that comes 

with also aligning with outside firms and agencies to maximize 

your internal talent and your external expertise. 

It is critical that the VA embark on a nationwide effort with the 

best professionals it can secure by its side in this uncharted area. 

It is necessary to avoid wasted time and money and key to achieving this and our intended goals is informing and supporting our 

veterans. 

Thank you again for the privilege to meet with you and share my 

point of view on this important program. The power of advertising 

is great and the outcomes can be significant when based on 

thoughtful, strategic, and comprehensive planning that leads the 

way. Thank you. 

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[The prepared statement of Ms. Hatch appears on p. 39.] 

Mr. MITCHELL. Thank you. 

I just want to remind everyone that we are expecting votes within the next 15 minutes. 

I have a quick question, Ms. Hatch. Dealing with an organization 

like the VA, which has very different demographics, what steps 

would you advise the VA to take to ensure that the public awareness is effective? And then as a follow-up to that, when you do a 

nationwide campaign or any big advertising campaign, how do you 

measure success? 

Ms. HATCH. Many times it begins with acknowledging what the 

universe is that exists that we are trying to reach. There are different kinds of tracking mechanisms that you can put into place. 

For instance, I know the number earlier was circulated of eight 

million possible veterans that we are looking to target. You know, 

we are looking for increases, movement, and activity regarding 

phone calls, e-mail inquiries, actual service and commitment to 

those people, responding to their inquiries. Those would be all 

sources of demonstrating success. 

In terms of the demographics, you know, we may want to look 

at segmentation. We may want to look at different campaigns going 

to different and younger demos, for instance. We may look at a 

print and radio campaign going to an older demo. Those would be 

some of the variables I would look at. 

Mr. MITCHELL. Mr. Space. 

Mr. SPACE. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. 

Just as a follow-up to some of the questions I asked the previous 

panel, I am curious as to whether there are any special or different 

types of advertising or marketing techniques that would be more 

effective either in rural America or in an effort to reach out to rural 

Americans, whether their appeals are a little different. 

And you referenced very briefly telephone calls. You know, I 

know that, you know, we in this business and the business of 

statesmanship, others would call it politics, find it compelling to 

reach out to our constituents. And, you know, we use radio. We use 

TV. We use telephone calls. We use direct mail. 

But I have noticed, you know, we are in a changing world when 

it comes to the technology available to us, things like widespread 

telephone townhalls are now very easy to set up where you could, 

for example, create a system whereby every veteran with a telephone could be called on a given time and a given date and invited 

to participate in this thing live. 

These are new and kind of evolving technologies. I am curious as 

to your take on, you know, the best way to reach out to these rural 

veterans, many of whom do not have access to broadband again 

and many of whom do not access large public arenas like subway 

stations. 

Ms. HATCH. I believe it may have been a prior witness that referenced telephone calls and I will bow to them in that recommendation. 

To address your first question regarding rural locations, it may 

be more of a PR effort. I mean, one of the things that we have not 

talked about today to any great extent, and I am not sure to the 

degree it is a part of the marketing mix that is being examined, 

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is PR initiatives. You know, the third-party credibility of seeing 

things in print, seeing things in newspapers could be a way specifically. 

There also could be events related kinds of activities as well, 

radio. Traditional mass media like radio and television would reach 

those audiences as well. 

On the online side, one of the things that is the beauty of the 

Internet is when you talk about MySpace and Facebook, you can 

invite people to events. You can invite within that online community web casts, veterans talking about successful intervention or 

interface with the Veterans Administration what is has meant to 

them. 

You know, those kinds of things can be done anonymously which 

I think has, you know, certainly benefit to a lot of people that are 

concerned about confidentiality. Those are the kinds of things from 

an online perspective I would look to examine. 

The PR, I think, could benefit both people in highly concentrated, 

you know, urban environments as well as, you know, more rural 

environments. 

Mr. SPACE. Thank you. 

Mr. MITCHELL. Mr. Wu. 

Mr. WU. Thank you, Chairman Mitchell. 

Ms. Hatch, I have just two questions here. I have seen where the 

cost per minute for an ad at halftime, I mean, it is prohibitive depending on what the Federal budget is. And maybe I just do not 

pay attention to maybe other than equipment malfunctions at halftime. 

But are there PSAs that go on at halftime? I do not think I have 

ever seen one. A lot of PSAs I see are at one o’clock in the morning. 

Ms. HATCH. Well, the answer is not clear. It depends. You know, 

sometimes you are able to slot PSA material in brilliant time, 

meaning high traffic time, you know, whether it is a sports event 

or not. It has a lot to do with inventory and the ability for paid 

advertisers to deliver spots. 

Occasionally we will have our public service clients benefit from 

somebody who has dropped out of the loop. It depends on what you 

can get in terms of supply and demand, you know, for the marketplace. 

Mr. WU. Can you compel the big four or cable or XM or Sirius 

to do a PSA? 

Ms. HATCH. You can. One of the things we have been successful 

in doing for the Partnership for a Drug-free America, and I am 

sure everybody in this room is familiar with their success, has been 

to bring together, you know, the major networks and the major 

players to get them to commit to roadblocks, for instance, where 

every major broadcast partner will run the same material for the 

same cause at the same time has a huge impact. 

I will tell you my experience in this area has changed over the 

last 15 years. I was the key market coordinator for the Partnership 

for a Drug-free America here for Washington, DC. I was the person 

that went and begged for space and time to run our messages in 

a reasonable way at high volume, high traffic times. 

It used to be a lot easier than it is today for sure. Inventory is 

a problem no doubt, but that is not a reason to stop trying. 

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Since the Office of National Drug Control Policy got involved 

with the Partnership for a Drug-free America, we have been successful in working in tandem with them and getting a paid schedule in addition to a bonus schedule where they will plus up the 

number of spots they will give us for that paid commitment. 

So it is a matter of negotiation. It is a matter of working with 

Ad Council. It is a matter of working with pros that can negotiate 

with our broadcast partners or our print partners or our transit 

partners in a way that can get them engaged and bring this to the 

table. 

Mr. SPACE. Thank you very much. 

And thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. I do not watch advertising very much, but I still remember on the drug free ad the fried 

egg. 

Mr. MITCHELL. Thank you. Thank you very much, Ms. Hatch. 

Ms. HATCH. My pleasure. 

Mr. MITCHELL. Our third panel at this time is the Honorable 

Lisette Mondello, Assistant Secretary for Public and Intergovernmental Affairs for the Department of Veterans Affairs. Ms. 

Mondello is accompanied by Mr. Everett Chasen, Chief Communications Director for the Veterans Health Administration, Department of Veterans Affairs. 

If you could, we are facing vote time, so if you could keep it to 

5 minutes, it would be greatly appreciated. 

STATEMENT OF HON. LISETTE M. MONDELLO, ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR PUBLIC AND INTERGOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS, 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS; ACCOMPANIED 

BY EVERETT A. CHASEN, CHIEF COMMUNICATIONS DIRECTOR, VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

Ms. MONDELLO. Thank you, Mr. Chairman and Congressman 

Space. 

I am here today to provide the Subcommittee with an update on 

the progress the VA is making with our new authority to use professional marketing and advertising resources to more effectively 

reach and educate veterans and their families about VA benefits, 

services, and healthcare information. 

Even in the short time since I last testified before the Subcommittee, I am very encouraged by our progress. 

In addition, I will also provide the Subcommittee with the initial 

results of the Veteran Health Administration’s proposed suicide 

prevention outreach campaign. 

And, again, let me thank you and the other Members of your 

Subcommittee not only for your strong support for outreach that includes, when appropriate, paid advertising but your continued interest in following our progress. 

Just 3 months ago, Secretary Peake lifted the restriction on advertising. I was then, and I continue to be now, a very enthusiastic 

supporter of this effort. 

It is critical that an effective and appropriate implementation 

plan be put in place. Both Ms. Hatch today and the marketing and 

advertising panel at the last hearing said that as well as the Members of this Subcommittee. 

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The first element of such a plan is to bring on advertising and 

marketing professionals to assist us, including importantly market 

or consumer research. To that end, the VA’s Contracting Office has 

recommended that we use the Federal Supply Schedule known as 

FSS. 

This will allow us to target all aspects of the marketing and advertising community, particularly small businesses and especially 

veteran-owned small businesses, and to do so in a timely manner. 

This schedule has already provided to us an extensive array of 

advertising and marketing vendors with much of the appropriate 

expertise we need to help us shape our marketing and advertising 

strategy. And I am already in the process of interviewing a number 

of these companies. 

For fiscal year 2009, the Office of Public and Intergovernmental 

Affairs should have up to a million dollars available to administer 

this effort. 

As we discussed during the last hearing, one area that we are 

anxious to explore, and I want to thank the first panel as well as 

the second panel for highlighting the need for this, is social networking. While there are some legal issues that Federal agencies 

must overcome, discussions are underway to resolve those issues. 

VA and our Federal agency partners are working together to secure appropriate contractual agreements with social media companies. 

While we expand into new media, which I believe will allow us 

to more effectively reach our newest generation of veterans, our 

basic goal remains the same, to reach all veterans of all—I remember those bells from my years here—of all eras of service with the 

messages of greatest concern to them through the medium that is 

most effective. 

As I originally testified a few weeks ago, we will provide the 

Committee with a more comprehensive overview in December when 

we submit our scheduled report of outreach activities to Congress. 

Finally, at the last meeting, the Members expressed interest in 

the Veterans Health Administration’s (VHA’s) proposed suicide prevention outreach campaign. And we showed you the draft of the 

ads to my left that were being developed for a pilot in the DC area 

that was aimed at advertising in the mass transit system. Ads 

were placed on buses, subway cars, and in Metro stations. 

We also showed a proposed public service announcement by actor 

Gary Sinise. And I am pleased to have the opportunity today to update the Subcommittee on the progress of all those efforts as well. 

At the last hearing, VA was asked how we arrived at the messages used in the suicide prevention campaign. Let me first say 

that we began the process of selecting the message for both the 

PSA outreach campaigns while we were still subject to the restriction on paid advertising. 

VHA’s Communication Office decided that a reasonable approach 

would be to have the project communications team attend a message development workshop. This workshop was conducted by 

Macro International, a professional communications company that 

is under contract to the U.S. Department of Health and Human 

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tion. This provided our team with the basic skills, training necessary to develop a focused message. 

The cost to date for production and distribution including art- work, printing, the leased space in the DC area is $115,000. 

VA’s analysis of this campaign has revealed a very positive effect. The data shows a 50 to 100-percent increase in calls from this 

area where the advertising is running. 

Specifically the average weekly calls from the area codes in the 

DC area increased from six to fourteen, in northern Virginia from 

five to fourteen, and in Maryland from ten to twenty-seven. Quite 

effective. 

As to the Sinise PSA campaign, we expect to begin distribution 

next month. Based on our successful experience last year with the 

healthier U.S. vets PSA campaign with John Elway, we expect to 

reach an audience of over eight million viewers. 

Our goal has not changed since we last met. We will do all we 

can to make veterans and their families aware of the benefits and 

services VA has to offer. We will take advantage of new opportunities, keep an open mind, and aggressively seek to find the best advertising technology and methods available to reach our customers, 

the veterans. 

I believe, sir, that we are in total agreement that we must move 

forward with sound professional expertise using a variety of options 

to reach out and positively connect with veterans and their families. 

Mr. Chairman, that concludes my formal statement. I appreciate 

your time. 

[The prepared statement of Hon. Mondello appears on p. 41.] 

And we do not have time for questions. I will adjourn this hearing. We have to vote. And then there are votes almost within 45 

minutes after that again. So thank you very much. And I thank everybody for coming. 

Ms. MONDELLO. Thank you. 

[Whereupon, at 11:32 a.m., the Subcommittee adjourned.] 

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A P P E N D I X 

Prepared Statement of Hon. Harry E. Mitchell, Chairman, 

Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations 

This hearing will come to order. 

Today, we are following up on the Department of Veterans Affairs’ efforts to reach 

out to the 17 million veterans in our country who are eligible for benefits but who 

are not enrolled to receive them. 

We will be hearing from veterans about their perception of VA’s pilot public 

awareness campaign in Washington, DC, to promote awareness of the suicide hotline and VA mental health services. We are honored to have them here. We will 

also hear from the marketing firm MDB Communications about best practices for 

reaching consumers. Finally, the VA will update us on the status of the pilot public 

awareness campaign and its plans for expansion in conjunction with a national outreach strategy. 

As you will recall, CBS News reported last November that veterans aged 20–24 

were committing suicide upon return from service at a rate two-and-a-half to four 

times higher than their non-veteran peers. This report raised a critical question. If, 

by the VA’s own estimate, only 7.7 million of America’s 25 million veterans are currently enrolled and receiving benefits, how are we bringing the VA to the remaining 

17 million veterans? 

Waiting for veterans to show up at the VA is neither effective nor acceptable. The 

VA must be more proactive. 

In June, Secretary Peake took a promising step forward by formally lifting the 

VA’s longstanding, self-imposed ban on paid advertising. 

On July 15, this Subcommittee heard testimony on the creation of an outreach 

strategy to alert veterans and their families where they can turn for help. In the 

hearing, marketing experts encouraged the VA to conduct thorough market research 

before executing an advertising campaign, emphasizing the need for a strategic plan 

with a market-tested message, and with measurable objectives that focus on veterans’ needs. 

We also heard from the VA’s Assistant Secretary for Public and Intergovernmental Affairs, Lisette Mondello, about the Department’s outreach plans, specifically, the 3-month pilot campaign to promote awareness of VA’s suicide hotline in 

Washington, DC. 

Today, Assistant Secretary Mondello will update us on the status of the pilot 

project, which is scheduled to conclude next month. Last week, VA National Suicide 

Prevention Coordinator Janet Kemp testified before the Veterans’ Affairs Subcommittee on Health, saying that calls in DC to the suicide hotline more than doubled after the pilot public awareness campaign began and that VA supports extension of the campaign to other areas. We look forward to hearing how VA plans to 

do this, and how the VA can ensure maximum possible effectiveness. 

After hearing about the importance a well-researched, comprehensive, targeted 

outreach strategy in the July 15th hearing, we also look forward to learning what 

recent progress has been made in procuring the necessary market research expertise 

to help VA develop and refine its national outreach strategy. 

Additionally, in the July 15th hearing a public service announcement featuring 

Gary Sinise was shown. I am curious to know why it wasn’t distributed to television 

stations in the Washington, DC, area as part of the DC-based pilot public awareness 

campaign, so the VA could gain initial some initial feedback? 

It is now my understanding, based on what the VA has told our Subcommittee 

staff, that the VA plans to award a contract next week to distribute this public service announcement nationwide. 

While I am pleased to see the VA moving so swiftly, I want to make sure that 

it is doing all it needs to in order to ensure that its efforts have the maximum 

chance of success. I know we need to get the message out as quickly as possible, 

and this is certainly a fast way to do it, but if market research concludes that this 

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is not the best way to do it, I want to know that the VA will be able to make the 

necessary adjustments, and that the distribution of this one public service announcement will not preclude distribution of a more thoroughly market-tested public 

service announcement in the future. 

I am also eager to learn how the VA will be tracking the use of this public service 

announcement by televisions stations, and whether it is proving effective. 

Finally, I look forward to hearing more about the VA’s potential use of paid advertising at movie theaters nationwide to show the Gary Sinise public service announcement. In response to a post-hearing question from our July hearing, Ms. 

Mondello suggested the VA is considering this as an option. This is certainly innovative, and if this is the best way to reach veterans at risk for suicide and let them 

know where they turn for help, then I am all for it. The only question is: is it? I 

am eager to learn why the VA finds this particular approach so promising. 

But first, we will hear from four veterans who live in the Washington, DC, area 

and who have been exposed to the pilot public awareness campaign. I am eager to 

hear their impressions of this campaign, and I trust their input will be useful to 

the VA, as well. 

We will also hear from Ms. Cary Hatch, President and Chief Executive Officer of 

MDB Communications. I expect that her testimony will enlighten all of us on the 

requirements and potential pitfalls of launching an effective national advertising 

campaign. 

Thank you to all of our witnesses for coming to testify before the Subcommittee 

today. The fact that we are holding this hearing, the second this year to focus on 

media outreach, should make clear the importance of this issue, and we look forward to your testimony. 

Before concluding, I want to publicly thank Chairman Michaud and Ranking 

Member Miller of the Subcommittee on Health for their dedication to veteran suicide prevention and all their hard work on this issue. Finally, thank you to Ranking 

Member Brown-Waite for being such an invaluable partner in helping to ensure that 

our Nation’s veterans receive the benefits they deserve. Before I recognize the Ranking Member for her remarks, I would like to swear in our witnesses. 

f 

Prepared Statement of Brian Hawthorne, 

Washington, DC (OIF Veteran) 

Good morning, Chairman Mitchell and other Members of this distinguished Subcommittee. I truly appreciate the privilege of your time to offer my perspective on 

veterans’ mental health and suicide prevention. 

I am currently serving as an Army Reservist while I attend the George Washington University here in DC. I am a combat medic in the military and have served 

two tours in Iraq, the most recent as part of the Surge in Baghdad, and I returned 

to U.S. soil on Memorial Day of this year after ten difficult months. 

As a medic, I am responsible and intimately connected to the health and wellbeing of the soldiers in my unit, which is increasingly revolving around mental 

health. The Army has begun placing much greater emphasis on the mental health 

and welfare of its Soldiers, with the placement of combat stress teams on most bases 

in theatre, and much more required training and briefings for Commanders, medics, 

and Soldiers alike. These efforts have paid great dividends in reducing the stigma 

associated with seeking mental healthcare, and I believe that leadership at all levels 

are now much more supportive and encouraging in this matter. This not only enhances the level of care available to most soldiers in theatre, but also makes identification and treatment of issues more rapid and effective. These efforts should be 

encouraged across the military. 

Obviously, however, this fight does not stop upon leaving the battlefield. Even 

more important than the availability of mental healthcare in theatre is the availability and usage of such care at home. There are some key differences between 

these environments that I would like to outline for you briefly before I go on. 

In country, your average service-member has daily interactions with their chain 

of command, as well as with their peers who are experiencing essentially the same 

stresses. Therefore, it is significantly easier for an aware leader to be able to identify ‘‘at-risk’’ individuals by comparing how he or she is handling their stress compared to everyone else. Along these same lines, it is also much easier for a 

healthcare provider or commander to track the development of a condition over the 

course of a tour because, for the most part, everyone entered theatre at the same 

time, and therefore their exposure to trauma and stress is essentially equal. 

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In these conflicts, especially at this phase, where the theatres are so mature and 

rich with resources, service-members have many more stimuli affecting their stress 

levels than ever before. It is not uncommon to have Soldiers talking to their families 

or friends on phones or online hours or even minutes before leaving the wire on a 

combat patrol, as the time difference lends convenience to that time of day. Now 

imagine for a moment if that short albeit critical conversation does not end well for 

that servicemember, be it a fight with a spouse, a sick child, an unexpected expense, 

or just tension from the other line. That soldier now has significantly more on his 

or her mind than their peers, yet still must be able to handle the same stresses of 

their mission. I am not a psychologist, but I can say from experience that stresses 

from home can significantly amplify the stress of combat. 

Upon redeployment after the tour, the homecoming experiences run the gamut, 

from good to bad. For the most part, the excitement of reuniting with families and 

the real world takes precedence over all else, and whatever issues that servicemember was facing are pushed down. As we now know, this is not only dangerous and 

unproductive, but it is normal. ‘‘What happens in Vegas stays in Vegas’’ does not 

apply here, yet many service-members wish it did. Maybe they think their buddies 

don’t want to talk about it any more, and that their families and friends wouldn’t 

understand, but for the most part, in those first few weeks, elation and relief is perceived as progress and a cure. The veteran selects the middle of the road answers 

on the mental health survey, and is released from the out-processing center. After 

all, he just wants to get home! He doesn’t want to stay away from his family any 

longer, or hold up his buddies’ demobilization, so he skimps on details with the 

healthcare provider and goes on home. 

In most units, this is the time where the most issues begin to occur. A family or 

lifestyle is not as he remembered, and he no longer has his battle buddies around 

to talk to, to keep track of him. He may have a few months off now, with a regular 

paycheck and no one accountable for him. As a Reservist with multiple tours, I had 

almost 70 days of leave accrued, which was kindly tacked on to the end of my tour 

as part of my terminal leave. During this time, I reached out to the friends and family that I had missed while I was gone, and to my close friends from the tour. At 

no time, however, did my chain of command, or anyone else, contact me to see how 

I was doing. The rationale for this, at least in my experience, is that Soldiers don’t 

want to be bothered with Army business during this time, so they are not. 

During these months, however, other soldiers reached out to me. Even though we 

were off-duty, and in some cases no longer in the same unit, my guys from 

downrange still felt comfortable calling ‘‘Doc Hawthorne’’ to chat about what was 

going on, as they had while we were in Iraq. Mostly, they wanted to know what 

‘‘normal’’ was. ‘‘Should I be having trouble sleeping?’’ ‘‘Is three beers a night too 

much?’’ ‘‘My wife isn’t as interested in sex as she used to be; is it me?’’ and so forth. 

As I said, I am not a psychologist, and I know the limits of my capabilities. I would 

help as I could to talk them through these issues, but mostly I referred them to 

Military OneSource, which was heavily advertised to us both downrange and during 

our post-deployment briefings. For the most part, they received outstanding treatment from this system, and are continuing to see one of their assigned therapists 

with great success. 

The question then becomes, hence this hearing, what about the veterans who 

don’t have a Doc, or who do not know about Military OneSource? Or what about 

the family member who has concerns about their recently returned veteran, and 

does not know who to call? That, I believe, is where the VA Suicide Hotline plays 

the most important role. By advertising its availability and convenience, not only 

where the veterans are, but also where their families and friends are. By making 

this service public knowledge, we are infinitely increasing the likelihood that a veteran will end up using it, either through his own discovery, or the peer pressure, 

so to speak, of a concerned family member or friend. 

If this is indeed our objective, then there should be no limit to the creativity applied to its distribution. While it could be argued that a veteran is not likely to be 

sitting at home at noon on a Tuesday watching soap operas, it is very possible that 

his mother or grandmother could be, and having just had a conversation with him 

about his difficulties, has been empowered with information that could save his life. 

On the opposite end of the spectrum, his or her teenager may not fully understand 

what their parent has been through, but they understand that they are different 

now, maybe more irritable or withdrawn. Well, soap operas may not be the way to 

reach this demographic, but certainly ads in arenas such as Facebook, MySpace, 

Google, etc. may register enough with them to prompt a conversation or intervention. We cannot afford to forget the influence of such mediums. 

To speak specifically on the ads that are currently running here in DC, I would 

like to make the following comments. First, it is imperative to emphasize the conwwoods2 on PRODPC68 with HEARING

33 

fidentiality of such services. Bearing in mind that many veterans are still in some 

kind of government service, career progression is a major consideration when seeking help. I personally know soldiers who refrain from seeking any sort of official 

mental healthcare due to the fact that they do not want a ‘‘black mark’’ in their 

record, so to speak. This is not an official or institutional issue, this is a personal 

one, in that in the military, we promote our own image. Take for example, a friend 

of mine who is a young infantry Lieutenant who served as a platoon leader in Iraq 

and then comes home and seeks mental healthcare. How likely is his unit to send 

him to an arduous course such as Ranger School, after seeing that he struggled with 

combat stress? What about when he is up for promotion to Major, or eligible for Battalion command as a Lieutenant Colonel? Are the General Officers on the board 

likely to give him that command, with his history of mental health issues? Again, 

we must allow for this soldier the opportunity to talk through some of these issues 

without hurting their career opportunities down the road, and I believe that the VA 

is the agency for that. 

Secondly, the ‘‘strength of a warrior’’ quote is an excellent one, and I agree with 

it wholeheartedly, however, it is pretty exclusive to the Army and the Marine Corps, 

and does little to reach out to our water- and sky-borne brethren. We cannot afford 

to have this service seem exclusive in the least. Lastly, and probably most importantly, basic market research must be done to decide who the VA is trying to reach 

with each ad, and then tailor the ad for that demographic. A quote in front of a 

flag is great, but the marketing industry spends billions of dollars every year researching how to best convey a message to a certain audience, and we must tap into 

that expertise so as to expand the appeal and digestion of our message. 

In closing, I would like to reemphasize the fact that the military is currently making great strides in caring for the mental health of our service-members while they 

are deployed and when they return home. There is still much to be done, especially 

for Guard and Reservists who are essentially cut to the four winds upon return 

home, but even in the two years between my demobilizations, much had changed 

for the better. The VA, therefore, has big shoes to fill for those who are no longer 

in and must transition from the military to their services. I would highly recommend collaboration with Military OneSource and other such services for bestpractice examples. 

Secondly, these initial efforts of advertisement are to be commended, and I would 

ask that the VA expand on these initiatives for all of their benefits, particularly 

education and the new GI Bill and other health services. What often keeps a veteran from achieving their full potential with earned benefits is sadly just ignorance 

of their entitlements. Again, it may be an observant family member that sees an 

ad and can drastically change the life of one of our Nation’s heroes for the better. 

Thank you for your time, and for your service to our veterans and their families. 

I welcome the opportunity to answer any questions you may have. 

f 

Prepared Statement of Wade J. Spann, 

Washington, DC (OIF Veteran) 

Chairman Mitchell, Ranking Member Brown-Waite and Members of the Subcommittee, I am honored to be here today to speak on behalf of my experiences as 

a combat wounded veteran. I would also like to take this opportunity to thank Elsie 

Moore, Ilene Greene, and other employees from the VA who have aided me in my 

transition out of the Marine Corps and continuing recovery from my injuries. 

I joined the United States Marine Corps on August 6, 2001. I fought alongside 

my fellow Marines in 1st Battalion 5th Marine Regiment as an Infantryman on 

three separate and distinct tours in Baghdad, Fallujah, and Al Ramadi. While on 

my second tour, four of my fellow Marines and I were wounded by an IED attack 

on our HUMMVEE. I wish I could speak of the incident in detail but I do not remember a great deal due to the shrapnel that imbedded itself in the back of my 

head and the loss of consciousness. I quickly recovered from my immediate injury 

and returned back to the United States with my unit during that summer. The following year I deployed to Al-Ramadi, Iraq with my unit in March of 2005. 

Upon returning from Iraq in the summer of 2005, I participated in the mandatory 

TAP class prior to my discharge, which made an attempt to explain all the benefits 

available to me. However, it was difficult to fully understand what paperwork needed to be sent where, who needed to be contacted, while simultaneously preparing 

to move across the country. On August 6, 2005, I finally said my farewells and started another chapter in my life. 

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The transition from the Marine Corps, to an academic environment was filled 

with frustration, miscommunication, and a sense of feeling out of place. To be honest, I felt more comfortable going to Iraq than stepping into a classroom. Only a 

few short weeks after my discharge from active duty, I began my first college classes 

and quickly learned that there were going to be obstacles to face due to my head 

injury in Iraq. It became clear as time went by, that my short-term memory loss 

had dramatic effects on my abilities to retain information and that I was going to 

need everyday assistance from professors and tutors. 

Although George Washington University and the majority of colleges and universities do not offer a transition program or direct assistance for veterans, I was lucky 

because my injuries qualified me for assistance from Disability Support Services 

(DSS). With an infrastructure to provide services and provide information, it seems 

only obvious that the VA should take the opportunity to partner with schools to assist in educating veterans on benefits available to them. 

There has also been many a time that I have learned of a benefit or other service 

available to me through word of mouth. A great deal of my knowledge about my 

entitlements and disability benefits has come from listening to other veterans who 

have already gone through this process. I would have been unable to afford the most 

expensive school in the country had I not heard about the VA Chapter 31 Vocational 

Rehabilitation benefit from another Marine. It was not easy to get approval, but Vocational Rehabilitation is the only reason I am able to attend George Washington 

University. Two Marines from my platoon had moved to the Philippines because the 

VA there was quicker and really cooperative to deal with. However, even over there 

they did not find out all that they were entitled to. When I told a fellow Marine 

that he could qualify for the same Chapter 31 benefit to return to Pepperdine University and finish the degree he had started prior to his enlistment he was amazed. 

The word of mouth is a powerful thing. I can only imagine if the VA were able to 

reach twice as many people, through a more sophisticated website or the use of email, how many more veterans would be aware of the benefits to them. 

Now that you have heard my experiences of transition out of the military and into 

an academic environment, I want to speak about the main reason I came here 

today. As I am sure everyone is well aware, there is the strong brotherhood that 

is formed between men in combat. It has been over three years since my platoon 

turned in our weapons, dropped our packs, and took off our body armor, yet we continue to suffer causalities. On July 31 of this year, I received word from my best 

friend, Gunnery Sergeant Timothy Cyparski, that a member of our platoon had 

taken his life, that member was Corporal Timothy Nelson. Corporal Nelson was an 

ideal Marine; he took on adversity, followed orders, respected authority, and was a 

relief during trying times. I had not spoken to Nelson since I got out, but the news 

took me back to fond memories with my fellow brother. 

That week I talked to Cyparski regularly for support and answers. Nelson’s death 

had brought a lot of the guys from the platoon back together and persuaded me to 

call guys that I hadn’t talked to in years. From talking to other Marines in the platoon I found out that he had been recalled and was prepared to honor his country’s 

call back to service. Upon his medical inspection, the Doctor disqualified him from 

duty because he had been diagnosed with PTSD. This, among other things was a 

factor in his tragic death. Gunny Cyparski flew to Washington State to help Nelson’s newlywed wife and grieving family. He wanted to show them that Nelson will 

always be a brother to our platoon and that we will keep him in our hearts. 

Only a week after Cyparski flew out to Washington, I received the most devastating call imaginable. My best friend and my mentor, Gunnery Sergeant Timothy 

Cyparski, had taken his life—leaving behind his wife and two beautiful young children. The news hit us hard within the company, and many Marines came together 

in search of answers to why we just lost two brothers in two weeks. To me, Cyparski 

was the greatest Marine infantryman and a role model for us all. During his years 

of service he received two bronze stars for valor and one Purple Heart, which he 

got when we were injured in the HUMVEE from the IED explosion. However, those 

awards do little justice to a man who was admired and respected by the whole battalion. To me he was a great influence, and I base much of my success in school 

to his encouragement. We constantly talked and I asked him for advice and guidance. This being said, Tim did suffer from the effects of war and he had difficulties 

in dealing with his experience in Iraq and recovering from his injuries. However, 

he was proactive in seeking treatment and hoped to one day finish an academic degree to better provide for his family. 

I consider Corporal Nelson and Gunnery Sergeant Cyparski to be combat causalities. Their deaths were a result of their combat duty and this great Nation lost two 

outstanding heroes that can never be replaced. Our country is a little weaker now 

because of this. 

wwoods2 on PRODPC68 with HEARING

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The past month and a half I have spent a great deal of my time reflecting on 

these incidents and what could have been done to save these two young Marines 

who had so much to look forward to. Through this reflection, I found that there is 

no single absolute correct answer—because each individual needs a different approach and different solutions. However, there are clear signs and similarities in the 

majority of these cases. For Corporal Nelson and Gunnery Sergeant Cyparski their 

similarities began with their diagnosis of PTSD and orders by medical staff to no 

longer carry the duties of a Marine infantryman. Being an infantryman was what 

they had signed up to be in the Marines and it was their passion. In addition, both 

had been given controversial medicine as treatment for their medical issues and 

were actively seeking help from medical professionals following their doctors’ advice. 

Through my observations and experience, I have come to the conclusion that there 

needs to be a strong network of friends and family that are educated on the signs 

and symptoms. Obviously, families are more easily accessible than friends. However, 

this is not the case if you consider friends being members of their respective military unit. Others in the military and those who have served are more likely to be 

accessible by the VA outreach and more likely to recognize a problem and relate to 

the issue. Another aspect that needs to addressed is that those seeking treatment 

will not have the cases disclosed to anyone or threaten future job employment opportunities. I know the stigma associated with PTSD is not easily changed but there 

are steps that can be done to educate the veteran and our society as a whole about 

it. 

The process of rehabilitation and seamless transition out of the Armed Services 

begins with education. Therefore accessibility to the VA’s resources should reflect 

the emerging demographic of veterans. Problems need to be addressed and new outlets to address them need to be explored. We are considered a young and technologically savvy generation. We depend on online mediums for information as much 

as television, or other media types. Great effort should be made to have the VA 

come to me; I should not have to spend the day calling numbers and extensions to 

receive information on my benefits. A case manger to coordinate appointments and 

discuss benefits with the veteran would be ideal. The small details and obscure programs that the VA offers need to be divulged to the veteran rather than him relying 

on word of mouth and his own investigating skills. The VA website needs to make 

its listed programs easier to understand; as it stands now I still have trouble understanding what I’m entitled to under the various programs. Email is a great option 

and should be examined further. The best way I have found to connect myself with 

the Marines I fought alongside with is social networks like MySpace and Facebook. 

If the VA would simply put a paid advertisement on the screen I think either a veteran having trouble or someone close to one would be inclined to at least see what 

the VA had to offer. 

I have great hope that the VA will be able to carry its message to a larger scope 

of audience. It needs to employ the very best that America has to offer in media 

and public awareness. If the Army and Marine Corps can sponsor commercials and 

half-time shows I believe that the VA can do an equally good job at putting the word 

out during those same time slots and to those same viewers. My demographic 

watches professional sporting events, MTV, The History, Military, and Discovery 

channels—we are a fairly easy to target audience. 

America is generous and grateful to its veterans. This fact is shown by the many 

organizations and individual Americans who have donated time and money to assisting us. However the problem lays in connecting the veteran to these services. 

A veteran cannot ask for something if he does not know it exists or where to go 

to receive it. 

I came here today for action. I know being here today will not change the fact 

that my two friends will never return. However, if speaking before you in this room 

can do anything to prevent another one of my fellow brothers in arms from going 

down that same path, then it will be a success. I know that the VA knows that 

media outreach is a necessity in order to inform veterans about their resources, it 

must happen now. This is a situation where over-saturation of the message is not 

possible. I ask America’s elected leaders to stand up, unite under a solid commitment to do whatever it takes to put an end to these unnecessary losses. Corporal 

Nelson and Gunnery Sergeant Cyparski made a solemn oath to our Nation, please 

make one on their behalves. 

f 

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Prepared Statement of Carolyn Schapper, Representative, 

Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans of America (OIF Veteran) 

Mr. Chairman, Ranking Member and members of the Committee, thank you for 

the opportunity to testify today on the VA’s first efforts at media outreach to veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan. 

As an Iraq veteran, I know how important the VA’s outreach is. When I was in 

Iraq from October 2005 to September 2006, I served with the Georgia National 

Guard in Bayji, a town about 130 miles north of Baghdad. I was a member of a 

Military Intelligence Team that required me to go out on approximately 200 combat 

patrols. 

When I came home I dealt with a wide range of adjustment issues/PTSD symptoms; rage, anger, seeking revenge, increased alcohol use, withdrawal from friends 

and family, depression, high anxiety, agitation, nightmares and hyper-vigilance. My 

symptoms altered and grew over time. I was not the person I used to be and I knew 

it. I suspected I might have PTSD, but I could not figure out if I did, even though 

I searched endless websites. Nothing was comprehensive, nothing spoke to me as 

an Iraq Vet. I even searched the VA website and it was no help to me. I could not 

put the pieces of the puzzle together on my own. 

The best way I can describe PTSD is feeling lost and disconnected, sitting in a 

dark hole. It is very hard to compose yourself to the point of working your way 

through the VA maze. Most people will not get help because it is so daunting. Personally, I would still be lost, or possibly worse, if I had not had the dumb luck of 

running into another veteran who already had gotten help, and who pointed out 

that a Vet Center could help me start the navigation of the VA system. 

Recently, when I first saw the VA’s posters in the Metro, I thought it was fantastic that they were finally reaching out to veterans, instead of waiting for us to 

come to them. I have seen the posters several times. But I also had to ask: Where 

was the VA two years ago, when I really could have used it? Because the VA is so 

late to the game, there’s a huge backlog of veterans who were not as lucky as I was, 

and who have not yet found their way to the services they need. There is a huge 

amount of catching up to do. 

I also recently read a copy of the letter the VA is apparently sending out in conjunction with this campaign that outlines several of these symptoms, I mentioned 

above, in one place. The letter is good and comprehensive, but I ask who is and is 

not receiving it? I have not received it. 

I also have some concerns about the way the ads are designed. For instance, the 

phone number is hard to read. A veteran in a crowded metro car is not going to 

want to draw attention to themselves by getting up and walking across to a poster. 

If they can sit far from the poster and still see the number, it would be much more 

effective. While these ads can and should definitely be improved, I am certain that 

even this outreach will help a few lost souls. 

Before being asked to testify, I had not come across the Public Service Announcement with Gary Sinese. One concern I have about the ad is that it focuses only on 

suicide, instead of the more typical combat stress reactions most veterans are facing. 

Most soldiers who may be facing PTSD do not want to admit it. They think ‘‘I can 

handle it’’ or ‘‘I am the lucky one, I have all my limbs, I do not deserve help.’’ If 

the hotline is perceived as being only for those considering suicide, they may think 

they do not deserve to call it, that there are others worse off than them, and that 

they should just ‘‘suck it up.’’ We do not want them to suck it up until they really 

need a suicide hotline. PTSD is much better dealt with early, so the veteran has 

the best possible chance of recovery. Overall, I think the messaging for the TV ad 

could be improved. In addition, I know the hotline can be utilized by the families 

and loved ones of veterans, but that is not clear through the commercial as it is. 

I think a lot of these problems would be solved if the VA did more testing of the 

ads before they rolled them out. Testing the ads on focus groups of actual veterans 

would give them a better sense of what messaging would actually work. Also, ads 

in the Metro and on buses might not be as effective as TV, radio, print and online 

advertising, especially for the many new veterans from rural areas. I do not know 

what the guidelines for print advertising are for the VA, but the papers and magazines the majority of military men, at least, read are the Army Times and all the 

sister service Times papers, fitness magazines and magazines such as Maxim. Basically, anything that is sold in the PX/BX on base could be targeted. In addition, 

many many troops and veterans use MySpace, Facebook, and other online social networking sites. 

In my spare time, I am a representative of Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans of 

America, the country’s first and largest nonprofit, nonpartisan Iraq and Afghanistan 

veterans group, with more than 100,000 active veteran members and grassroots 

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supporters nationwide. I wanted to let the Committee know about the progress 

IAVA has been making on our own anti-stigma campaign. IAVA has partnered with 

the Ad Council to conduct a multiyear Public Service Announcement campaign to 

reduce the stigma surrounding mental healthcare and to ensure veterans seeking 

access to care and benefits, and particularly those who need treatment for their psychological injuries, get the support they need. Ad Council is responsible for many 

of the Nation’s most iconic and successful PSA campaigns in history, including 

‘‘Only You Can Prevent Forest Fires,’’ ‘‘A Mind is a Terrible Thing to Waste,’’ and 

‘‘Friends Don’t Let Friends Drive Drunk.’’ The IAVA–Ad Council PSAs will exist on 

television, radio, in print, outdoors and online, and will be rolling out in November 

of this year. 

But our PSA campaign will in no way eliminate the need for the VA to plan its 

own outreach and advertising campaign. Only a concerted effort on the part of the 

VA will ensure that veterans finally have easy access to the many benefits the VA 

has to offer. Thank you for your time. 

Respectfully submitted. 

f 

Prepared Statement of Richard F. Weidman, 

Executive Director for Policy and Government Affairs, 

Vietnam Veterans of America 

Good morning, Mr. Chairman, Ranking Member and Members of the Subcommittee. On behalf of VVA National President John Rowan and all of our officers 

and members we thank you for the opportunity for Vietnam Veterans of America 

(VVA) to appear here today to share our views regarding Media Outreach to Veterans. We thank you for your leadership on this all important issue of vital importance to veterans of every generation. I will briefly summarize the most important 

points of our statement. 

It is a truism, but is none the less true that denial of knowledge of veterans’ benefits, health issues, and available medical care is tantamount to denying said 

healthcare, benefits, and services. This is the situation that all too many veterans 

find themselves today, and they are not even aware of it. 

Vietnam Veterans of America (VVA) estimates that the majority of those in-country Vietnam veterans who have had prostate cancer and died, are battling prostate 

cancer today, or who have battled prostate cancer and are still surviving have no 

clue that it is related to their service in Southeast Asia during the war. Since about 

80 percent of veterans do not go anywhere near a VA medical facility, and the majority of veterans do not belong to any veterans group, and the VA does virtually 

nothing to educate them and their civilian medical providers that prostate cancer 

is service connected presumptive at VA and that we are twice as likely to get prostate cancer as those who did not serve in SE Asia, this fact is not surprising. 

Some may ask ‘‘what is the big deal about that?’’ Well, what it means for those 

veterans who get very sick and die is that often their families are left with enormous and crushing medical bills that endanger the retention of the home. Instead 

of VA paying for something that should be treated as service connected, and the veteran receiving compensation while he is too sick to work and the widow receiving 

dependency & Indemnity Compensation (DIC) if he dies, the widow and family are 

left with nothing but debts and in dire financial straights. This is just so wrong on 

every level. It is egregious that this situation is allowed to continue. Yet VA has 

done nothing about it, despite the fact that VVA has repeatedly used this example 

with the current and previous top leadership of VA, to no avail. 

This is only one example that is specific to Vietnam veterans, but similar situations exist for the veterans of very generation, whether it be cold injuries and 

parasites endemic to the Korea, or the diseases, parasites, and extreme environmental exposures of Gulf War I veterans. 

Part of the problem is a mindset of the VA that says ‘‘we do not have the resources to do anything new, so we will just deal with the overt presentations of 

those who happen to come to us’’ and can get into the system in the first place. As 

the distinguished members of this panel know, as many as a million veterans have 

been denied entry into the VA since January of 2003 when a ‘‘temporary’’ hiatus 

was put into effect regarding accepting veterans who are not indigent or service connected. This has had a ‘‘chilling’’ effect on others who do not even try to gain entry. 

Further, even within the VA the tools that exist are not used to full effect. An 

example is the ‘‘Veterans Health Initiative’’ (VHI) curricula that is a series of reasonably well done curricula (about 26 at last count) that are designed to teach clinicians and medical professionals about the wounds, illnesses, conditions, and malawwoods2 on PRODPC68 with HEARING

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dies that stem from military service depending on what branch did one serve, when 

did one serve, where did one serve and when, what was your military occupational 

specialty (M.O.S.), and what actually happened to you in military service. These curricula range from ‘‘Caring for War Wounded’’ which is designed for ALL primary 

care physicians, to Military Sexual Trauma, to Cold Injuries, to Traumatic Brain Injuries. I have here a sampling of these curricula that are available at www.va.gov/ 

vhi to anyone at the VA or in the civilian medical world, or to veterans. However, 

this is one of the best kept secrets at VA. 

Another well kept secret at VA is the existence of Military History cards that 

have a series of basic questions that should be asked of every veteran seeking services at the VA and used in the diagnosis and treatment protocols. As a matter of 

fact, it has been a requirement in Veterans Health Administration regulation to 

take a military history for each veteran since 1982 . . . but they don’t do it as a 

matter of course. (See www.va.gov/oaa/pocketcard/ or attachment #1). 

VVA has been promised regularly by everyone from the VHA computer people to 

four different Undersecretaries of Health to three successive Secretaries of Veterans 

Affairs to the Chief of Patient Care Services to others that the VA will move to 

make the military history part of the automated patient treatment record. These 

have all proven thus far to be ‘‘pie crust promises,’’ which are of course ‘‘promises’’ 

that are easily and facilely made . . . and easily broken. Were the existence of the 

VHI curricula known to all VA clinicians, and the military history part of the computerized patient treatment records then there could be proper clinical reminders 

based on a decision tree. To test for possible exposures and maladies/conditions/exposures that may stem from the nature of that individual veteran’s service. This will 

educate VA’s own clinicians in the wounds, maladies, conditions, and injuries of war 

who in turn will better educate the veterans whom they serve. Frankly the most 

credible outreach means available to reach and educate veterans is other veterans. 

Veterans will believe another vet long before they will believe a press release or a 

slick VA brochure. 

How do you reach the average veteran when most do not have any contact with 

the VA nor do they belong to any veterans’ organization (except maybe a unit association which rarely even talks about benefits and healthcare)? All of this leads to 

the conclusion that the only ways to reach most veterans, and their families, is 

through the general media. That would include traditional media such as newspaper 

articles, radio, television. It also must today include FaceBook, Vets4Vets, YouTube, 

etc. and other modalities employing the medium of the Internet. But most of all it 

must be a stance of telling the unvarnished truth, and not the current stream of 

only self-congratulatory and/or defensive pronouncements. VA officials must ‘‘get it’’ 

before they can possibly hope to communicate effectively with individual veterans 

given the baggage of so much bad past history. 

As the members of this panel are also no doubt aware, VVA joined with the Honorable Ted Strickland (then a member of this distinguished panel) and the Georgetown Center for Law and the Public Interest to sue VA over the now infamous VHA 

memo in August of 2003 that curtailed all marketing and publicity of available medical services by VA. What you may not be aware of is that we won that suit. The 

Federal Court gave VVA standing to bring the suit on behalf of our members, and 

ruled that VVA was correct that the Secretary of Veterans Affairs was compelled 

under Title 38 to exercise an affirmative responsibility to ensure that all veterans 

were informed of the rights, benefits, and medical services due to them by virtue 

of serving in the United States Armed Forces. 

It was no accident that the theme of the 75th Anniversary of the VA was outreach 

to every living veteran to inform each of what services were available to them by 

virtue of their military service. It was in response to the order of the Federal Court. 

Of course, I need not tell the members of this panel that it is debatable whether 

the lofty stated goal was seriously pursued during that 12 to 15 month period. It 

was not, at least not in the view of VVA. 

So where does that leave us today? VVA does support any and all of the good 

things that VA tries to do, such as the public service announcement about the Suicide Hotline (which VVA put on our home page the same day it was suggested), distribution of VVA materials ranging from videos, to bumper stickers, to brochures, 

to whatever is not a ‘‘puff piece’’ that is available from the VA. 

There is of course a constant stream (if indeed not a torrent) of self laudatory 

press releases that emanates from the VA. Because it is generally so patently self 

serving and not ‘‘the rest of the story’’ as Paul Harvey would say it is taken less 

and less seriously by anyone who follows this stuff, particularly the press. 

VVA is in the process of launching our own effort in association with organizations in the civilian sector to inform non-VA clinicians as to the wounds, maladies, 

conditions, and wounds of war as a way of educating the clinicians who see the mawwoods2 on PRODPC68 with HEARING

39 

jority of veterans. Since we have virtually given up on trying to convince the current 

VA leadership (both at the permanent top civil service level as well as the political 

level) to make VA what it was always intended to be—a ‘‘veterans’ healthcare system’’ and not a general healthcare system that happens to be for veterans, and on 

them doing anything meaningful or consistent in regard to educating the public or 

most veterans, we have, of necessity, embarked on a years long major effort to go 

around them in order to get the job done properly 

Mr. Chairman, I again thank you for the opportunity to appear here today, and 

hope our remarks will prove helpful to you and your colleagues. I will be happy to 

answer any questions you or your colleagues may have. 

f 

Prepared Statement of Cary Hatch, 

President and Chief Executive Officer, MDB Communications, Inc., 

Washington, DC 

Good morning. My name is Cary Hatch. 

I am the President and Chief Executive Officer of MDB Communications. MDB 

is an independent, 27-year-old, advertising agency headquartered in Washington 

DC. We serve a diverse, national and global client base including National Geographic, Hunter Douglas and Boston Market. 

We have also worked for the Partnership for a Drug-free America, The Wellness 

Community, and Samaritan Inns for the homeless. 

Our agency expertise encompasses television, print, online and social media—as 

well as direct marketing and PR programs. 

I’m privileged to serve as the Chairman of the Mid-Atlantic Board of Governors 

for the American Association for Advertising Agencies (4A’s), and recent Chairman 

of Advertising Week DC. I also serve on the Executive Committee of the Greater 

Washington Board of Trade—and hold a board position for Leadership Greater 

Washington. I’ve been fortunate to be recognized as a Silver Medal Honoree—an 

honor given by the American Advertising Federation for leadership and commitment 

to the community and the industry. 

More importantly, as a lifelong advocate and perpetual student of the ever-changing advertising industry—I’ve devoted my entire career to leading advertising and 

marketing initiatives that meet or exceed their goals—and I maintain a keen sensitivity to the return on investment for every program we lead or are part of, no matter the brand—whether publicly traded or not-for-profit. 

Thank you for the opportunity to share my thoughts today, regarding the pilot 

program for the Veterans Administration’s current outreach efforts. 

With the new directive from Secretary Peake, the VA is provided with a wonderful 

opportunity to utilize paid media to fulfill a ‘‘communications mission’’ to promote 

awareness of veterans programs including: 

• opportunities for education, training, healthcare and other benefits including 

the prevention of veteran suicides. 

Chairman Mitchell, during the last hearing—ably pointed to the need for The VA 

‘‘to take advantage of the communication possibilities of modern media. But it must 

do so intelligently.’’ This was further supported by Hon. Ginny Brown-Waite, stating 

that ‘‘21st Century technology needs to be explored.’’ 

Furthermore—Chairman Mitchell went on to correctly point out that VA marketing efforts, are ‘‘not about the VA, it is about our veterans’’. 

‘‘Before doing anything, the VA must learn to see the world from the perspective 

of the veterans the VA wants to reach. The VA must come to understand where 

veterans can be reached and what messages and messengers will get veterans’ attention. And he went on to acknowledge that ‘‘This is not something VA 

has done before.’’ 

I’m proud to underscore that the history, power and corresponding results of public service advertising has been well documented since 1941. Whether we consider 

The United Negro College Fund’s ‘‘A mind is a terrible thing to waste’’ campaign; 

the Peace Corps’ ‘‘The toughest job you’ll ever love’’—or the Partnership for a Drugfree America’s numerous campaigns that ‘‘un-sell drug use . . . they’ve all have 

been effective in changing perceptions and behavior. Key to this are the fundamental tenets found in all effective advertising campaigns. 

Therefore Public Service Advertising, as with all advertising, relies on achieving 

their potential by calibrating the following ingredients: 

• The right message—(one central idea that matters to them) 

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• The right media—(reaching the target based on their media consumption habits) 

• And propelled by sufficient investment/spending levels (media weight) to communicate the message to the perspective target—and securing reasonable 

awareness—resulting in comprehension, conviction and motivation to move to 

action . . . when needed. 

In order to ensure that is done—the VA must produce the 

Right Message: garnering a Visceral response—that will lead to action 

In my experience, in working on the Partnership for a Drug-free America, the best 

campaign successes are founded on specific consumer research that identifies a 

unique consumer insight that is in turn conveyed to the target in a meaningful way. 

This is the distinctive talent that seasoned advertising professionals bring to life. 

While advertising is not an exact science, or merely an art—it is a combination of 

research, insight, inspiration and persuasion that moves people to consider your 

message and compel them to act on and/or advocate for your notion. When done 

well, tremendous results can take hold, done poorly your effort will join the clutter 

of thousands of messages that lay dormant. Hire a pro. 

One option is to engage with the Ad Council—if this has not been considered already. 

The Ad Council marshals volunteer talent from the advertising and communications industries, the facilities of the media, and the resources of the business and 

non-profit communities to create awareness, foster understanding and motivate action. 

Ad Council campaigns are produced pro bono by advertising agencies retained by 

the American Association of Advertising Agencies. Each Ad Council campaign is 

sponsored by a non-profit organization or a government agency that provides the 

production and distribution costs and serves as the ‘‘issue expert.’’ The Ad Council 

works with the advertising agencies and the sponsor organizations throughout the 

development of the campaign by conducting research, media outreach, public relations activities, and creative services. 

Investment spending 

Brilliant advertising ideas can only take flight when supported by ample (but prudent) investment spending. Top-notch creative ideas must be supported by reasonable budgets that allow them to realize their desired results. 

It is important to note that the airtime that PSA campaigns seek can be largely 

decided by PSA directors at media outlets across the country—And getting them to 

select to air YOUR TV spot can rely on not just your cause—but the quality and 

impact of the campaign you submit for their consideration. 

The directive here is to meet the needs of the Public Service Directors—the very 

folks you need to engage to actually run your TV spots—and place your print or 

transit work. 

I am a tenacious advocate of managing campaign expectations by aligning investment spending with projected results . . . as they are in direct correlation to one 

another, and a necessary and disciplined effort to bring any program to a successful 

conclusion. 

Which leads me to the next tenet: 

Using the Right Media: or ‘‘Fish where the fish are’’ 

It is my understanding that in addition to reaching all prospective candidates for 

VA support—ensuring that we reach the younger veteran as well, is of prime importance—specifically those young men and women returning from Iraq and Afghanistan. 

I believe it was Chairman Mitchell that stated: ‘‘The need for outreach is not limited to our younger veterans. The VA has transformed itself over the past 10 to 15 

years. VA needs to find ways to communicate to older veterans that the VA has 

health and other services and many benefit programs of which veterans might not 

be aware, that veterans of all ages can benefit from. 

I would put forth for your consideration that with the evolving media consumption 

habits of the country (and indeed the world) . . . embracing the fast-paced area of 

new media options should be a foremost consideration for a campaign of this type. 

Use of social networking platforms such as FaceBook, MySpace, and others may 

prove to be some of the most cost-effective media strategies the VA can examine and 

exploit. 

Modern media, such as online advertising campaigns, social networks, SEM— 

search engine marketing, contextual targeting, etc. in addition to television, are eswwoods2 on PRODPC68 with HEARING

41 

sential tools for outreach, particularly when it comes to the young and older 

servicemembers alike. 

Strategically, when there is alignment on: 

• the definition of ‘‘what success would look like;’’ 

• smart investment of funds; 

• seasoned agency partners; and 

• a firm commitment to tracking of campaign results . . . 

. . . a solid campaign roadmap and program outcomes can be achieved. 

I look forward to hearing the results of the test program here in Washington DC 

and the learning achieved from that—that is likely to shape the program going forward. I think we can all agree that there is much to consider in committing additional funding to roll out the program on a regional or national level. 

In summary, recommendations include: 

• Consider working with the Ad Council and/or an AAAA’s agency to guide this 

initiative. Their experience in this arena can shorten the inevitable ‘‘learning 

curve’’—and the lack of experience the VA has acknowledged in this arena. This 

strategic alliance is likely to ensure the best use of the government’s resources. 

• Developing and documenting the desired outcomes of such a campaign (what 

does success look like?) and committing to tracking campaign performance with 

regular reporting. 

• Evaluating and aligning the internal VA leadership that will direct and administer the campaign (and who will work with outside firms and agencies) to 

maximize internal talent and external expertise. 

It is critical that the VA embark on a nationwide effort—with the best professionals it can secure by its side—in this unchartered arena. This is necessary to 

avoid wasted time and money—and key to achieving its intended goals—of informing and supporting our veterans. 

Thank you again for the privilege to meet with you and share my point of view 

on this important program. The power of advertising is great—and outcomes can be 

significant—when based on thoughtful, strategic and comprehensive planning that 

leads the way. 

f 

Prepared Statement of Hon. Lisette M. Mondello, 

Assistant Secretary for Public and Intergovernmental Affairs, 

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs 

Chairman Mitchell, Ranking Member Brown-Waite, and Members of the Subcommittee, I am pleased to be here again to provide the Committee with an update 

on the progress the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is making under the new 

authority to use professional marketing and advertising resources to more effectively reach and educate veterans and their families about VA benefits and services. 

Even in the short time since I last testified before this Committee, I am encouraged 

by our progress. 

I will also provide the Committee with an interim update on the initial results 

of the Veterans Health Administration’s (VHA) pilot advertising campaign on suicide prevention in the Washington, DC, metropolitan area. 

Once again I want to thank you and other Members of the Committee not only 

for your strong support for outreach that includes purchasing media advertising but 

your continued interest in following our progress. 

Just four months ago, Secretary Peake lifted the restriction on paid media advertising. I was then, and I continue to be, an enthusiastic supporter of this effort on 

the advertising policy. 

I testified at the July hearing that among the challenges we had to meet was to 

develop a Request for Proposal (RFP) to contract for professional advertising expertise. In order to expedite our efforts, VA’s contracting office recommended using the 

Federal Supply Schedule (FSS). Using the FSS will allow us to target all aspects 

of the marketing and advertising community, particularly small businesses and especially veterans-owned small businesses. 

The FSS has already provided an extensive array of professional advertising vendors with the expertise we need to help us shape our marketing and advertising 

strategy. I am currently in the process of interviewing a number of these companies, 

and I will keep you up-to-date as we approach decisions to solicit a request for 

quotations. 

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One key aspect of our new authority allows the Under Secretaries of Benefits, 

Health, and Memorial Affairs to purchase advertising in media outlets for the purpose of promoting awareness of benefits and services in coordination with VA’s public affairs office. This will allow them to identify their requirements to improve outreach efforts, to enhance their overall customer service performance measures, and 

to give us feedback as to what methods of outreach are most effective. It will give 

VA, with its variety and diversity of services and benefits, the ability to provide the 

right message through the right medium to reach veterans. 

Furthermore, VA is part of an 18 Federal agency working group to try to be a 

presence on popular social networking sites. Discussions are underway to resolve 

legal issues, but VA and other Federal agencies are working together to secure 

agreements with those Web sites. 

While we expand into new media, our basic goal remains unchanged: to reach all 

veterans of all eras of service with the messages of greatest concern to them through 

the medium that is most effective. 

VA’s effort is dynamic, and it has the potential to produce strong outcomes in 

many areas. Although it may be hard to capture and provide all of this information, 

we will provide the Committee with a more comprehensive overview in December 

when we submit our scheduled Report of Outreach Activities to the Congress. We 

also aim to include this fiscal year’s accomplishments of our market and advertising 

business plan objectives, which will be linked to the strategic plan goals in the report. 

For FY 09, the Office of Public and Intergovernmental Affairs (OPIA) will have 

up to a million dollars available to administer this effort. In addition, the VBA, 

VHA, and NCA program budgets provide for outreach as an integral component of 

their business plans for the delivery of program benefits and services. 

Finally, one concrete action I described at the July hearing: a Veterans Health 

Administration pilot advertising campaign on suicide prevention. We showed you 

the draft of ads that we were developing that would be used on Metro buses and 

at Metro stations, and I am pleased to have the opportunity to update the Committee on our progress. 

We began the process to select the message for this awareness campaign pilot 

project while we were still subject to the paid advertising restriction. VHA decided 

that a reasonable, alternative approach would be to have the project team attend 

a message development workshop. The workshop was conducted by a communications company, contracted by the Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). That workshop helped to prepare the VHA team with the basic skills training necessary to 

develop a message focused on veteran’s age, gender, and life experience considerations. 

Subsequently, the team arranged for, conducted, and analyzed the results of several feedback sessions from randomly selected veterans, suicide prevention coordinators, and VA employees who are also veterans. They received candid feedback and 

recommendations for revision. They further considered the recommendations and 

guidance I received from the Committee at the July 15 hearing, and as a result we 

arrived at the final message. We continue to seek and plan to make use of further 

feedback. 

The approximate cost for production and distribution including artwork, printing 

and the leased space for advertisement for the pilot was $115,000. This funding 

comes from the VHA mental health budget. 

The criteria used to assess the effectiveness of the Washington Metro pilot public 

awareness campaign are the rate of increase in daily calls to the suicide prevention 

hotline and the rate of increase of veterans seeking consultation by the suicide prevention coordinators at the Washington, DC, VA Medical Center. Using these outcome measures, VHA’s analysis of the pilot campaign outreach results revealed a 

very positive effect. The data shows a 50- to 100-percent increase in calls from the 

area where the advertising is running. Specifically, the average weekly calls from 

area codes in the DC area increased from 6 to 14; in Northern Va. area codes, from 

5 to 14; and in Maryland area codes, from 10 to 27. 

Our goal has not changed since we last met. We will do all we can to make veterans and their families aware of the benefits and services VA has to offer. We will 

take advantage of new opportunities, keep an open mind, and aggressively seek to 

find the best advertising technology and methods available. I believe we are in total 

agreement: We must continue to move forward with sound expertise based upon the 

strategic needs of the Department using a variety of options to reach out and positively connect with veterans and their families. 

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Mr. Chairman, this concludes my formal statement. We will continue to seek your 

counsel as we move forward. I am pleased to respond to any questions you or the 

Subcommittee Members may have. 

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MATERIAL SUBMITTED FOR THE RECORD 

Committee on Veterans’ Affairs 

Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations 

Washington, DC. 

September 24, 2008 

Hon. James B. Peake, MD 

Secretary 

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs 

810 Vermont Avenue, NW 

Washington, DC 20420 

Dear Secretary Peake: 

On Tuesday, September 23, 2008, the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the House Committee on Veterans’ Affairs held a hearing on Media Outreach to Veterans: An Update. Thank you for the testimony of the Honorable Lisette 

M. Mondello, Assistant Secretary for Public and Intergovernmental Affairs. In addition, thank you for sending Everett A. Chasen, Chief Communications Director, Veterans Health Administration, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs to accompany 

Assistant Secretary Mondello. 

Please answer the following questions: 

1. What will you need to see from the pilot program in terms of results in order 

to expand it to a national campaign? 

2. Does the VA have all the resources and legal authority you need to run the 

campaign in its entirety, including an eventual national expansion, and maintain accountability and tracking? 

3. We have heard from veterans that sometimes they don’t need suicide counseling, but just another veteran to talk to concerning PTSD. We know there 

are other call centers that accomplish this goal and this is a high-priority mission for the Vet Centers. 

a. Do you plan on promoting these alternatives to the suicide hotline? 

b. Did you consider this in developing the pilot program and suicide hotline 

promotional material? 

4. You have explained that response calls increased from the areas where the 

pilot advertising is running. How many of these calls were from the veterans 

actually seeking urgent help? 

5. In your testimony you stated that there will be up to one million dollars budgeted for this pilot program to roll out nationally. Will any money for this program have to come out of VHA’s mental health budget? And if so, would it 

assist VA if during the next budget process we create a separate budget line 

item for advertising that way the three administrations within the VA can 

pull from that pot of money for advertising? 

6. In your response to my written questions after the July 15th hearing, you 

mentioned that VA is considering purchasing ad time in movie theaters 

around the country to air the Gary Sinise PSA. Why does the VA think this 

method is so promising? Is this a better way of reaching veterans than television? 

a. If this method is selected, how soon would this PSA begin showing in 

theaters? 

b. Has the VA done any analysis as to what something like this would cost, 

or established how the VA would measure its effectiveness? 

7. The pilot public awareness campaign in Washington, DC, is coming to a close, 

and we have seen encouraging results. Last week, the VA told the Subcommittee on Health that it now supports an extension of the campaign to 

other areas. Does the VA have a plan yet for when, where, and how this will 

be expanded? 

a. If not, when can we expect one? 

b. By what criteria will the VA choose additional cities? 

8. I would like to ask you about the upcoming nationwide distribution of the 

Gary Sinise PSA. It is my understanding that the PSA will be made available 

to television stations by mid-October free of charge. Does the VA have a plan 

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to track where, when, and how often it ultimately airs, and if those time-slots 

are the best PSA time-slots to reach veterans? 

a. If not, how does the VA plan to evaluate the effectiveness of the PSA? 

9. Regarding the Gary Sinise PSA, if this video was completed in time to show 

it at the July 15 hearing, a week before the pilot public awareness campaign 

began in DC, and if the VA has found it valuable enough to post on its Web 

site, why is it not already available to TV stations, especially stations in DC, 

where the VA’s pilot public awareness campaign is under way? 

a. Did the VA have feedback about the PSA before distributing it nationally? 

10. As the Subcommittee established in the July 15th hearing, the VA needs marketing experts to provide guidance for creating the most effective message. We 

understand that you are using the Federal Supply Schedule to acquire these 

services. Can you describe your criteria in selecting a vendor, and can you 

provide us with the VA’s timeline for finalizing a contract? 

If you have any questions concerning these questions, please contact Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations Staff Director, Geoffrey Bestor, Esq., at 

(202) 225–3569. 

Sincerely, 

HARRY E. MITCHELL 

Chairman 

Questions for the Record 

The Honorable Harry E. Mitchell, Chairman 

Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations 

House Committee on Veterans’ Affairs 

September 23, 2008 

Media Outreach to Veterans: An Update 

Question 1: Assistant Secretary (AS) Mondello explained that calls to the suicide 

hotline have increased from the areas where the D.C. pilot program is posted on 

buses and trains. How many of these calls were veteran-related? 

Response: The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) does not have the ability to 

track the specific nature of calls to the hotline by area codes at this time. VA has 

reviewed the call logs, and it has been determined that calls from veterans are increasing. There are numerous specific reports of veterans who called the hotline 

from the Washington, DC area who were indeed having difficulty and stated they 

got the number from the ‘‘train’’ or ‘‘bus’’ advertisement. 

Question 2(a): In AS Mondello’s testimony, she stated that there will be up to 

one million dollars budgeted for outreach purposes. Will any money for this program 

have to come out of VHA’s mental health budget? If so, would it assist VA if during 

the next budget process we create a separate budget line item for advertising that 

way the three administrations within the VA can pull from that pot of money for 

advertising? 

Response: Public health messages for suicide prevention will be funded through 

the Mental Health Enhancement Initiative, a component of the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) funding that is directed toward mental health services. With an 

allocation of $557 million for fiscal 2009, the initiative has sufficient funding to support outreach for purposes of suicide and prevention, and to enhance the delivery 

of mental health services in VA medical centers and clinics. 

Question 2(b): If so, would it assist VA if during the next budget process we create a separate budget line item for advertising that way the three administrations 

within VA can pull from that pot of money for advertising? 

Response: As we begin to make concerted efforts to implement advertising, we 

need to have flexibility. Therefore, we would not seek a separate line item for advertising at this time. 

Question 3(a): The pilot public awareness campaign in Washington, DC, is coming to a close, and AS Mondello has seen encouraging results. Last week, the VA 

told the Subcommittee on Health that it now supports an extension of the campaign 

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to other areas. Does the VA have a plan yet for when, where, and how this will 

be expanded? 

Response: VA is actively working on an extension plan for the Suicide Prevention 

public awareness campaign. 

Question 3(b): If not, when can we expect one? 

Response: The plan should be completed by mid-December 2008. This will allow 

us time to evaluate the current campaign in Washington, DC and conduct field research. Mid-December is also the beginning of the holiday season, a time when depression rates increase. 

Question 3(c): By what criteria will the VA choose additional cities? 

Response: Several factors go into this decision-making process, but principally, 

VA will consider the reported number of events of veterans’ suicidal behavior, including attempted and completed suicide, for both enrolled and non-enrolled veterans in the community. Other considerations are the availability of mass transit 

systems and the level of readiness of these localities (specifically, the availability of 

expert suicide prevention coordinators, dynamic suicide prevention programs and active community intervention strategies) to respond to the additional volume of calls. 

Question 4: We have heard from veterans that sometimes they do not need suicide counseling, but just another veteran to talk to concerning PTSD. We know 

there are other call centers that accomplish this goal and this is a high-priority mission for the Vet Centers. How will you promote these alternatives to the suicide hotline? 

Response: The Vet Center call center (an alternative to the suicide hotline) is 

staffed 24/7 by peer combat veterans. Vet Centers are VA’s nationally acknowledged 

pioneer leader in outreach and adjustment services to combat veterans of all theaters. Vet Centers are designed as primary community access point for combat veterans in VA. The Vet Center program understands the value of veteran-to-veteran 

peer outreach services in overcoming the devastating effects of stigma common to 

many combat veterans related to accessing professional help. In addition to extending the program’s outreach capacity, the call center will promote confidential veteran peer counseling and information on military-related issues, such as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and other readjustment problems. The call center will 

be integrated with the suicide hotline, a 24/7 medical referral with the capacity to 

transfer veterans without hanging up. The call center will provide benefits and 

other information that promote getting the veteran to the nearest location for assistance. The call center will be integrated with the VA system to ensure timely referrals, crisis intervention, and follow-up services. The Vet Center program’s ability to 

provide a safe community-based environment and assurances of strict confidentiality 

renders the program the optimum choice for implementing a call center for traumatized combat veterans. The projected target date for implementing the call center 

is December 2008. 

Prior to implementation, the call center will be announced publically via a VA 

news release. Once in place and operating, the call center will be part of all Vet 

Center outreach briefings, both in the community and at military demobilization, to 

include National Guard and Reserve sites. Vet Center brochures will also be developed to promote the call center and telephone numbers will be incorporated into the 

Readjustment Counseling service Web site, www.vetcenter@va.gov. 

Question 5: Regarding the Gary Sinise PSA, since this video was shown at the 

July 15 hearing along with the posters for the DC pilot program, why was the PSA 

not aired on TV, especially in DC where the pilot public awareness campaign is 

under way? 

Response: The Gary Sinise public service announcement (PSA) shown at the July 

15 hearing, was not yet complete. The PSA’s completion was delayed due to negotiations with Paramount Entertainment Industries to use Forrest Gump clips in the 

PSA. 

Question 6(a): It is my understanding that the PSA will be made available to 

television stations by mid-October free-of-charge. Does the VA have a plan to track 

where, when, and how often it ultimately airs, and if those time-slots are the best 

PSA time-slots to reach veterans? If not, how does the VA plan to evaluate the effectiveness of the PSA? 

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Response: The contract for the suicide prevention PSA distribution was awarded 

Wednesday, October 8, to the Plowshare Group, Inc. The distribution through the 

contractor began the week of October 20 and will continue throughout the weeks 

leading up to Veterans Day. The Washington, DC market will receive emphasis, and 

the ABC affiliate in DC has expressed interest in this PSA. 

All tapes and digital files sent to television stations will have an encoding signal 

commonly known as ‘‘Sigma’’ or ‘‘SpotTrack’’ encoding. These encoding methods help 

track how many times, where, and what time of day the PSA aired. With other data 

provided by the contractor, the demographics of the viewing audiences can also be 

ascertained. 

VA will also explore the distribution of the PSA to 800 cable-access stations across 

the country, which participates in the ‘‘Soldiers Radio and Television Network’’. VA 

has a positive experience with many of these stations in that they aired our ‘‘VA 

TV’’ program in the past. We believe that the yield will be high and many of these 

stations will broadcast the Gary Sinise PSA. 

The PSA has already been airing regularly on the Pentagon Channel. The Pentagon Channel is seen on military installations around the world, and is carried by 

over 60 U.S. cable networks. 

VA is exploring other free venues, such as military movie theaters and the closedcircuit television programming found at military base exchanges and commissaries. 

Question 7(a): In AS Mondello’s response to my written questions after the July 

15th hearing, you mentioned that the VA is considering purchasing ad time in 

movie theaters around the country to air the Gary Sinise PSA. Why does the VA 

think this method is so promising? Is this a better way of reaching veterans than 

television? 

Response: The use of theaters will be a complementary distribution venue for our 

message of suicide prevention in markets where research indicates it will be appropriate. We are exploring the use of theaters to complement the televised PSA, especially in those markets where public transportation is not as heavily used as it is 

in the DC Metro area. A final decision has not been made regarding whether theaters will be used. That decision will be made once costs in various markets are 

available and have been reviewed. 

Question 7(b): If this method is selected, how soon would this PSA begin showing in theaters? 

Response: A final decision has not been made regarding whether theaters will 

be used. Once the analysis is completed, VA will update the Committee on its timeframes for such placements, if any. 

Question 7(c): Has the VA done any analysis as to what something like this 

would cost, or established how the VA would measure its effectiveness? 

Response: VA is currently conducting an analysis to determine the cost of placing PSAs in movie theaters. Once the analysis is completed, VA will update the 

Committee on its projected cost, and plans for accomplishing such placements, if 

any. If VA decides to place PSAs in movie theaters, its effectiveness will be measured by the following: 

• increased number of calls to the suicide hotline in areas where the PSAs were 

placed in theaters; and 

• increased referrals to the local VA medical centers. 

Question 8: As the Subcommittee established in the July 15th hearing, the VA 

needs marketing experts to provide guidance for creating the most effective message. We understand that the VA is using the Federal Supply Schedule to acquire 

these services. What criteria are being used in selecting a vendor, and can you provide us with the VA’s timeline for finalizing a contract? 

Response: In keeping with the Department’s mandate, as well as the intent of 

Congress, our procurement will be targeted to Veteran Owned Small Businesses 

(VOSB). We reviewed the General Services Administration’s Schedule 541 Advertising & Integrated Marketing Solutions (AIMS) for Veteran Owned Small Businesses sources. Specifically we reviewed the following Special Item Numbers: 

541 1 Advertising Services 

541 2 Public Relations Services 

541 3 Web Based Marketing Services 

541 5 Integrated Marketing Services 

541 4A Market Research and Analysis Services 

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As a result of this analysis, we identified 25 Veteran Owned Small Business firms 

that could potentially provide the required services, 12 of which are in the Washington, DC, Metropolitan Area. Because the selected vendor will being working 

closely with VA Central Office staff, a decision was made to target the 12 vendors 

in the Washington, DC, Metropolitan Area. 

Æ 

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