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              Mental Health Task Shifting in Community-Based Organizations
      Back
                To lower barriers to accessing mental health care and fill gaps in the mental health care workforce, regional governments and coalitions have been exploring new strategies to address mental health care delivery. The Connections to Care (C2C) Collaborative with the Mayor’s Fund for the Advancement of  NYC borrowed a concept of delivering care under constrained resources from global health initiatives called “task-shifting” and applied it to low-income communities in NYC. Using the task-shifting concept, C2C built an innovative model that delivers mental health screening and evidence-based treatments by pairing mental health providers (MHPs) with lay (non-specialist) staff at community-based organizations (CBOs) that already serve low-income and at-risk populations.**Study Goals**:This report describes the C2C model and RAND Corporation’s evaluation, detailing:How it was implementedWhether it had the intended effect on mental health treatment, symptoms, and related outcomesHow much it costs CBOs**Research Questions**:There were two primary research questions, as well as additional questions broken down into three categories:How were CBOs and MHPs provided training, coaching, and supervision to support staff in implementing C2C?How were C2C services provided to clients?Implementation:How were the C2C program strategies implemented?To what extent have the CBOs identified clients with mental health or substance use issues as a result of C2C implementation?Does the CBO staff have improved knowledge of mental health and C2C modalities, attitudes, and behaviors about mental health issues and services?What are the key facilitators of and barriers to effective implementation of C2C program strategies within and across CBO and MHP partnerships?Impact:Relative to comparison group participants, do C2C participants:have greater reductions in barriers to mental health care and greater increases in utilization of mental health services?show greater positive improvement in depression, generalized anxiety, PTSD, alcohol use, substance use, and general psychological distress?show improved outcomes in the domains of employment, housing, education, and incarceration?Cost: What are the costs to CBOs associated with implementation of the C2C program, overall and average per program client?**Findings:**The evaluation found the following:Reaching full implementation of a complex task-shifting model requires significant investment of time and resources—but is feasible.Although C2C was well received by staff and providers, barriers such as stigma and access challenges were hard to overcome.C2C positively affected some populations and settings but not others.For more information, download the full report and brief.

      Full report
      

      Full Report
            c2c-eval-report-final-2020_508Reducedv2.pdf
                  Mayors_Fund_2015_C2C_Evaluation_report_brief_FINAL_508.pdf
        Further information
    



      Program/Intervention
                        Connections to Care
  

      Implementing Organization
                        Connections to Care
  

      Intermediary(s)
                        Mayor's Fund to Advance New York City
  

      AmeriCorps Program(s)
            Social Innovation Fund
  

      Age(s) Studied
            13-17 (Adolescent)
                  18-25 (Young adult)
                  26-55 (Adult)
                  55+ (Older adult)
  

      Focus Population(s)/Community(s)
            Opportunity Youth
                  Non-profits
                  Veterans and Military Families
                  Urban
                  Low Income
  

      Outcome Category
            Employment
                  Access to care
                  Nonprofit development
  

      Study Type(s)
            Cost-Benefit or Cost Effectiveness Study
                  Impact
                  Implementation
  

      Study Design(s)
            Quasi-Experimental (QED)
  

      Level of Evidence
            Preliminary
  

      Researcher/Evaluator
                        RAND Health Care
  

      Published Year
                        2020
  

      Study Site Location (State)
            New York Back to main content Sign up to hear about our latest news, events, and opportunities.
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