Front Cover

Top: Indian fire brigade officials and bystanders look toward the Taj Mahal Palace hotel in Mu

November 2008, as smoke and flames billow out from a section of the building during a four-

financial capital. (AFP, Indranil Mukherjee)

Bottom Left: South Korean protesters hold placards during the anti-al-Qa‘ida rally outside 

Seoul on 19 March 2009 after a suicide bomber attacked a South Korean delegation, just day

historic tourist site killed four South Koreans. (AFP, Kim Jae-Hwan)

Bottom Center: An image from a security camera at the Ritz-Carlton Hotel in Jakarta, Ind

alleged suicide bomber walking with luggage in the lobby on 17 July 2009, minutes before a de

police announced that the suicide bomber was a member of Jemaah Islamiya. (AFP, Indonesia

Bottom Right: Onlookers stand at the site of a massive truck bomb that was detonated on 

Kandahar, Afghanistan. The attack killed 43 civilians, wounded another 65 people, almost all c

buildings, trapped people under rubble, and destroyed homes and shops. (AFP, Hamed Zalmy

Back Cover

Pakistani volunteers move an injured person to the hospital after a car bomb blast outside a c

Pakistan, on 22 May 2009. The explosion in the congested marketplace killed at least three p

70 others. (AFP, Tariq Mahmood)

Spelling of Arabic Names and Terms

While there is no universally accepted transliteration of Arabic names and terms, this edition of 

the Counterterrorism Calendar adheres to a transliteration system that is generally used throughout 

the US Government. In this system, the letters “u” and “a” are preferred over “o” and “e.” 

For example, the name of the al-Qa‘ida operative who was detained on 1 March 2003 is Khalid 

Shaykh Muhammad, not Sheikh Mohammed. We have retained, however, the spellings used on 

the Rewards for Justice and FBI Web pages; these are designed for easy recognition and therefore 

do not strictly conform to these rules.

Islamic Calendar and Holiday Observance

The Islamic calendar is based on the movement and observation of the moon. The Islamic 

year contains 12 months, none of which can exceed 30 days. Each month starts when the lunar 

crescent is first seen after a new moon. Because 12 lunar months multiplied by 29.53 days equals 

354.36 days, the Islamic calendar will always be approximately 11 days shorter than the Western, 

or Gregorian, calendar. For example, 1 Muharram, the first day of Islamic year 1432 (known in 

the West by the Latin term Anno Hegirae, or A.H.), falls on 8 December 2010; in A.H. 1433, 

1 Muharram falls on 27 November 2011. As explained in the footnotes of this calendar, holidays 

begin the sundown of the previous day. Because of lunar observation and differences in time zones, 

the observance of Islamic holidays may vary from region to region.

Map Boundaries

Boundary representation is not necessarily authoritative.
The US National Counterterrorism Center presents the 2010 edition of the 

Counterterrorism (CT) Calendar. This edition, like others since the Calendar 

was first published in daily planner format in 2003, contains many features across 

the full range of terrorism-related topics: terrorist groups, wanted terrorists, and 

technical pages on various threat-related issues. The Calendar marks dates according 

to the Gregorian and Islamic calendars, and contains significant dates in terrorism 

history as well as dates that terrorists may believe are important if planning attacks 

to commemorate particular events. 

The CT Calendar is designed as a ready reference guide for law-enforcement, 

intelligence, military and security personnel, contingency planners, or simply citizens 

concerned by terrorist threats. The CT Calendar is oriented primarily to readers in the 

United States, but we hope it will also be useful for citizens of other countries. Readers 

are invited to visit the interactive version of the calendar at http://www.nctc.gov.
cAl-Zawahiri and Bin Ladin

cBin Ladin’s “Pan-Islamic Caliphate”

and conducted the bombings in August 1998 

of the US Embassies in Nairobi, Kenya, and 

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, killing 224 people 

and injuring more than 5,000. Since 2002, 

al-Qa‘ida and affiliated groups have conducted 

attacks worldwide, including in Europe, North 

Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and the 

Middle East.

In 2005, Bin Ladin’s deputy, Ayman 

al-Zawahiri, publicly claimed al-Qa‘ida’s 

involvement in the 7 July 2005 bombings in 

the United Kingdom. In 2006, British security 

services foiled an al-Qa‘ida plot to detonate 

explosives on up to 10 transatlantic flights 

originating from London’s Heathrow airport. 

Also in 2006, al-Zawahiri announced that the 

Algerian Salafist Group for Preaching and 

Combat had joined al-Qa‘ida, adopting the 

name al-Qa‘ida in the Lands of the Islamic 

Maghreb. In 2009, extremist leaders in Yemen 

and Saudi Arabia reportedly announced 

they had merged to fight under the banner of 

al-Qa‘ida in the Arabian Peninsula.

From early 2008 through early 2009, 

al-Qa‘ida lost significant parts of its command 

structure, based in the tribal areas of Pakistan, 

in a succession of blows as damaging to the 

group as any since the fall of the Afghan 

Taliban in late 2001. Key leaders killed 

included Abu Layth al-Libi, a key military 

commander and link between al-Qa‘ida and 

its affiliates in North Africa; Abu Khabab 

al-Masri, the group’s leading expert on 

explosives and chemical attacks; Khalid 

Habib, al-Qa‘ida’s military chief; and Usama 

al-Kini, an operational planner who was 

involved in the 1998 embassy bombings in 

East Africa.

Al-Qa‘ida

Established by Usama Bin Ladin in 1988 

with Arabs who fought in Afghanistan 

against the Soviet Union, al-Qa‘ida’s declared 

goal is the establishment of a pan-Islamic 

caliphate throughout the Muslim world. 

Toward this end, al-Qa‘ida seeks to unite 

Muslims to fight the West, especially the 

United States, as a means of overthrowing 

Muslim regimes al-Qa‘ida deems “apostate,” 

expelling Western influence from Muslim 

countries, and defeating Israel. Al-Qa‘ida 

issued a statement in February 1998 under 

the banner of “the World Islamic Front 

for Jihad Against the Jews and Crusaders” 

saying it was the duty of all Muslims to kill 

US citizens—civilian and military—and their 

allies everywhere. The group merged with 

the Egyptian Islamic Jihad (al-Jihad) in June 

2001.

On 11 September 2001, 19 al-Qa‘ida 

suicide attackers hijacked and crashed four 

US commercial jets—two into the World 

Trade Center in New York City, one into the 

Pentagon near Washington, D.C., and a fourth 

into a field in Shanksville, Pennsylvania—

leaving nearly 3,000 people dead. Al-Qa‘ida 

also directed the 12 October 2000 attack on 

the USS Cole in the port of Aden, Yemen, 

killing 17 US sailors and injuring another 39, 

4 Counterterrorism 2010 
2009/2010 December/January

2007, Pakistan: Former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto assassinated after campaign rally in Rawalpindi; al-Qa‘ida 

claims responsibility

2002, Chechnya: Suicide bombers detonate two explosives-filled trucks at Chechnya’s pro-Moscow government 

building, killing 72 and wounding 210 

1985, Italy, Austria: ANO group attacks Rome and Vienna airports; 18 dead and 121 wounded

Sunday

27

Islamic: Ashura (primarily Shia; marks martyrdom of the Prophet’s grandson, Husayn) 10 Muharram

1972, Thailand: Black September takes hostages and seizes Israeli Embassy; hostages released in return for 

safe conduct Monday

28

11 Muharram

2000, Colombia: Peace advocate Diego Turbay and six others killed in FARC ambush Tuesday

29

12 Muharram

2000, Philippines: Series of bombs in Manila kills 16 and injures at least 30; ASG suspected Wednesday

30

13 Muharram

2000, West Bank: Right-wing extremist Binyamin Kahane and wife killed in ambush by Intifada Martyrs Thursday

31

New Year’s Eve 14 Muharram

2009, India: Serial explosions in Guwahati kill five and injure 67; United Liberation Front of Asom 

believed responsible

2001, Israel: HAMAS suicide car bomb wounds 54 in Netanya 

1964, Israel: PLO founded

Friday

1

New Year’s Day 15 Muharram, A.H. 1431

2008, Algeria: Bomb attack on police station in Naciria kills four, wounds more than 20; al-Qa‘ida in the Lands 

of the Islamic Maghreb claims responsibility Saturday

2

16 Muharram

www.nctc.gov 5
www.rewardsforjustice.net

cThese altered photographs show what Usama Bin Ladin 

might look like today (FBI artist rendering).

Usama Bin Ladin

Up to $27 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Usama bin Muhammad bin Ladin, Shaykh 

Usama bin Ladin, the Prince, the Emir, 

Abu Abdallah, Mujahid Shaykh, Hajj, the 

Director; also known as UBL, OBL 

wanted

Usama Bin Ladin is wanted in connection 

with the 11 September 2001 attacks on 

the World Trade Center and the Pentagon and 

for the 7 August 1998 bombings of the US 

Embassies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and 

Nairobi, Kenya. More than 3,000 people were 

killed in these attacks. The embassy bombings 

killed 224 civilians and wounded more than 

5,000 others. Usama Bin Ladin and other 

terrorists—specifically Ayman al-Zawahiri, 

Fazul Abdullah Mohammed, Fahid 

Mohammed Ally Msalam, Sheikh Ahmed 

Salim Swedan, Abdullah Ahmed Abdullah, 

Saif al-Adel, Anas al-Liby, Ahmed Mohamed 

Hamed Ali, and others already in custody—

are members of al-Qa‘ida, the international 

terrorist network headed by Bin Ladin.

Date of Birth: 1957

Place of Birth: Saudi Arabia

Height: 6'4"-6'6" (193-198 cm)

Weight: 160 lbs (73 kg)

Hair: Brown

Eyes: Brown

Complexion: Olive

Nationality: Saudi Arabian (citizenship revoked)

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Full beard, 

moustache; walks with cane

Status: Fugitive

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

6 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 January

Sunday

3

17 Muharram

Monday

4

18 Muharram

2003, Israel: Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade’s simultaneous suicide attacks kill 23, wound 107 

1996, Gaza Strip: HAMAS bomb maker Yahya Ayyash (“The Engineer”) killed by booby-trapped cell phone Tuesday

5

19 Muharram

1963, Colombia: National Liberation Army (ELN) founded Wednesday

6

Christian: Epiphany 20 Muharram

Thursday

7

Christian: Christmas (Orthodox using Old Calendar) 21 Muharram

1998, US: Ramzi Ahmed Yousef sentenced to life plus 240 years for 1993 World Trade Center bombings Friday

8

22 Muharram

2001, Colombia: Army rescues 56 hostages from ELN; group captures 15 more and kills one Saturday

9

23 Muharram

www.nctc.gov 7
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Ayman al-Zawahiri

Up to $25 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Abu Muhammad, Abu Fatima, Muhammad 

Ibrahim, Abu Abdallah, Abu al-Mu’iz, 

The Doctor, The Teacher, Nur, Ustaz, Abu 

Mohammed, Abu Mohammed Nur al-Deen, 

Abdel Muaz, Dr. Ayman al Zawahiri, Aiman 

Muhammad Rabi al-Zawahiri 

wanted

Ayman al-Zawahiri is a physician and 

the founder of the Egyptian Islamic 

Jihad. This organization opposes the secular 

Egyptian Government and seeks its overthrow 

through violent means. Al-Zawahiri is 

believed to be serving as an advisor and doctor 

to Usama Bin Ladin. He has been indicted for 

his alleged role in the 7 August 1998 bombings 

of the US Embassies in Dar es Salaam, 

Tanzania, and Nairobi, Kenya. These embassy 

bombings killed 224 civilians and wounded 

over 5,000 others.

Date of Birth: 19 June 1951

Place of Birth: Egypt

Hair: Brown/Black

Eyes: Dark

Nationality: Egyptian

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

8 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 January

Sunday

10

24 Muharram

Monday

11

25 Muharram

2007, Greece: Rocket-propelled grenade attack against US Embassy in Athens, no injuries reported; 

Revolutionary Struggle claims responsibility

2000, Turkey: Execution of PKK leader Abdullah Ocalan stayed

Tuesday

12

26 Muharram

Wednesday

13

27 Muharram

2004, Gaza Strip: First female HAMAS suicide bomber kills four, wounds 10 at Erez Crossing Thursday

14

28 Muharram

2002, West Bank: Palestinian militia leader Ra‘id al-Karmi killed by bomb outside his home; Israel implicated Friday

15

29 Muharram

Saturday

16

30 Muharram

www.nctc.gov 9
www.rewardsforjustice.net

cThis altered photograph shows what Atiyah Abd 

al-Rahman might look like today (FBI artist rendering).

Atiyah Abd al-Rahman

Up to $1 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

‘Atiyah ‘Abd al-Rahman

wanted

Atiyah is the al-Qa‘ida emissary in Iran 

as appointed by Usama Bin Ladin. He 

recruits and facilitates talks with other Islamic 

groups to operate under al-Qa‘ida. He is also a 

member of the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group 

and Ansar al-Sunna. Atiyah has been in 

regular contact with senior al-Qa‘ida leaders.

Atiyah joined Usama Bin Ladin in 

Afghanistan as a teenager in the 1980s. Since 

then, he has gained considerable stature 

in al-Qa‘ida as an explosives expert and 

Islamic scholar. Atiyah became acquainted 

with Abu Mus‘ab al-Zarqawi in the western 

city of Herat in the late 1990s. He retreated 

with Usama Bin Ladin to the mountainous 

Afghanistan-Pakistan border region in the fall 

of 2001.

Date of Birth: Late 1960s

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Height: 5'5" (165 cm)

Build: Medium

Complexion: Light

Citizenship: Libya

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Atiyah Abd al-Rahman 

may have a thin mustache.

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

10 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 January

1996, US: Umar ‘Abd al-Rahman (the “Blind Shaykh”) sentenced to life in prison for his role in 1993 World 

Trade Center bombing

1991, Operation Desert Storm air offensive begins 

Sunday

17

1 Safar, A.H. 1431

1982, Lebanon: Malcolm Kerr, American University president, assassinated in Beirut; Islamic Jihad 

claims responsibility Monday

18

US: Martin Luther King, Jr. Day 2 Safar

Tuesday

19

3 Safar

1981, Iran: Remaining 52 US Embassy hostages seized in November 1979 released Wednesday

20

4 Safar

2003, Kuwait: Gunman ambushes vehicle near Camp Doha, killing one US contractor and wounding another Thursday

21

5 Safar

1999, France: GIA ringleaders sentenced to eight years for terrorist acts; 84 others sentenced in mass trial Friday

22

6 Safar

2002, Pakistan: Extremists kidnap and later kill US journalist Daniel Pearl 

2001, Yemen: Hijacking of Yemeni flight with 91 passengers, including US Ambassador; hijacker captured and 

passengers safely released 

Saturday

23

7 Safar

www.nctc.gov 11
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Ali Sayyid Muhamed Mustafa al-Bakri

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

‘Ali Sayyid Muhammad Mustafa al-Bakri, 

‘Abd al-Aziz al-Masri, Hasan ‘Umar Ibrahim, 

Ali Saleem, Abu Salsbil, Abu Salsabil, Abu 

Salsabil Hassan Omar, Hassan Omar, Hasan 

‘Umar Zizo

wanted

Ali Sayyid Muhamed Mustafa al-Bakri is 

an al-Qa‘ida member and an explosives 

and chemical weapons expert. He is a member 

of the al-Qa‘ida Shura council and is a close 

associate of al-Qa‘ida leaders Saif al-Adel and 

Ayman al-Zawahiri.

Before joining al-Qa‘ida, al-Bakri was 

a member of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad 

terrorist group under the direction of Ayman 

al-Zawahiri. He served as an instructor in 

al-Qa‘ida’s camps in Afghanistan, providing 

terrorist recruits with training in the use of 

explosives and chemical weapons. Al-Bakri 

also unsuccessfully attempted to hijack a 

Pakistani Air passenger flight in December 

2000. It is likely that he continues to train 

al-Qa‘ida terrorists and other extremists.

Date of Birth: 18 April 1966

Place of Birth: Bani Suwayf, Egypt

Eyes: Dark

Citizenship: Egypt

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

12 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 January

1987, Lebanon: Jesse Turner, Alan Steen, Robert Polhill, Mithileshwar Singh kidnapped in Beirut Sunday

24

8 Safar

1993, US: Mir Amal Kansi kills two and wounds three outside CIA Headquarters in McLean, Virginia Monday

25

9 Safar

Tuesday

26

10 Safar

2003, Afghanistan: Armed militants attack UN convoy, kill two security officer escorts 

2002, Israel: Fatah female suicide bomber kills one and wounds more than 150 in Jerusalem Wednesday

27

11 Safar

Thursday

28

12 Safar

2008, Pakistan: Abu Layth al-Libi, al-Qa‘ida senior military commander and spokesperson, killed 

2004, Israel: Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade bus bomb in Jerusalem kills 11, wounds 50 Friday

29

13 Safar

Saturday

30

14 Safar

www.nctc.gov 13
www.rewardsforjustice.net

cThese altered photographs show what Adam Yahiye 

Gadahn might look like today (FBI artist rendering).

Adam Yahiye Gadahn

Up to $1 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Azzam al-Amriki, Azzam the American, Abu 

Suhayb al Amriki, Abu Suhail al Amriki, 

Abu Suhayb, Yihya Majadin Adams, Adam 

Pearlman, Yayah, Adam Yahuye Gadahn

wanted

Adam Yahiye Gadahn was indicted in the 

Central District of California for treason 

and material support to al-Qa‘ida. The charges 

are related to Gadahn’s alleged involvement 

in a number of terrorist activities, including 

providing aid, comfort, and services to 

al-Qa‘ida.

Date of Birth: 1 September 1978

Place of Birth: United States

Citizenship: United States

Height: 5'11" (180 cm)

Weight: 210 lbs (95 kg)

Hair: Brown

Eyes: Brown/Hazel

Build: Medium

Languages: Arabic, English

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Gadahn has scars 

on his chest and right forearm.

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

14 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 January/February

2001, Netherlands: Scottish court finds Libyan ‘Abd al-Baset al-Megrahi guilty in Pan Am 103 bombing Sunday

31

15 Safar

2004, Iraq: Ansar al-Sunna attacks Kurdistan Democratic Party and Patriotic Union of Kurdistan facilities, 

kills 117 and wounds 221 

2001, Ecuador: US hostage Ron Sanders found shot to death

Monday

1

16 Safar

Tuesday

2

17 Safar

2000, Syria and Sudan: Countries sign agreement on fighting terrorism in compliance with Arab 

Antiterrorism Convention Wednesday

3

18 Safar

Thursday

4

Sri Lanka: Independence Day 19 Safar

2001, Algeria and France: Countries sign accord to cooperate in fighting terrorism Friday

5

20 Safar

2004, Russia: Unknown group detonates explosives in Moscow Metro, killing 40 and wounding 122 

2000, United Kingdom: Ariana Afghan Air flight hijacked; 20 hostages released unharmed; hijackers surrender 

on 10 February

Saturday

6

21 Safar

www.nctc.gov 15
www.rewardsforjustice.net

cThese altered photographs show what Saif al-Adel might 

look like today (FBI artist rendering).

Saif al-Adel

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Muhamad Ibrahim Makkawi, Seif Al Adel, 

Ibrahim al-Madani, Sayf al-‘Adl 

wanted

Saif al-Adel is believed to be affiliated 

with the Egyptian Islamic Jihad (EIJ), 

and to be a high-ranking member of the 

al-Qa‘ida organization. He has been indicted 

for his alleged role in the 7 August 1998 

bombings of the US Embassies in Dar es 

Salaam, Tanzania, and Nairobi, Kenya, on 

the following charges: Conspiracy to kill US 

nationals, to murder, to destroy buildings and 

property of the United States, and to destroy 

national defense utilities of the United States.

Place of Birth: Egypt

Hair: Dark

Eyes: Dark

Citizenship: Egypt

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

16 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 February

1991, United Kingdom: Attack on No. 10 Downing Street; mortar rounds fired at Prime Minister John Major’s 

residence injure three; PIRA responsible Sunday

7

22 Safar

Monday

8

23 Safar

2009, Sri Lanka: LTTE female suicide bomber kills 28, wounds 90 in Vishvamadu

2000, Turkey: PKK announces formal halt to war; adopts new name, Kongra-Gel, and reelects Abdullah Ocalan 

as leader

Tuesday

9

24 Safar

2004, Iraq: Unknown group bombs job applicants at police station, killing 55 and wounding 67 Wednesday

10

25 Safar

Thursday

11

Iran: Revolution Day 26 Safar

2008, Syria: ‘Imad Mughniyah, believed responsible for 18 April 1983 bombing of US Embassy in Beirut, killed by 

car bomb in Damascus Friday

12

US: Lincoln’s Birthday 27 Safar

2000, Colombia: FARC, ELN stage attacks, kill 12, kidnap 16 Saturday

13

28 Safar

www.nctc.gov 17
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Abdul Rahman Yasin

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Abdul Rahman Said Yasin, Aboud Yasin, 

Abdul Rahman S. Taha, Abdul Rahman S. 

Taher

wanted

Abdul Rahman Yasin directly assisted 

terrorist mastermind Ramzi Ahmed 

Yousef in carrying out the February 1993 

World Trade Center bombing in New York 

City. Yousef and Yasin drove a van full of 

explosives into the basement of the World 

Trade Center, killing six people and wounding 

over a thousand. Yasin fled the United States 

immediately after the bombing to avoid arrest. 

After the bombing, law enforcement officials 

obtained evidence which led to the indictment 

and arrest of several suspected terrorists 

involved in the bombing, including Yasin.

Yasin has been indicted on the following 

charges: Damage by means of fire or an 

explosive; damage by means of fire or 

an explosive to US property; transport 

in interstate commerce of an explosive; 

destruction of motor vehicles or motor vehicle 

facilities; conspiracy to commit offense or 

defraud the United States; aiding and abetting; 

assault of a federal officer in the line of 

Date of Birth: 10 April 1960

Place of Birth: Bloomington, Indiana

Height: Approximately 5'10" (178 cm)

Weight: Approximately 180 lbs (82 kg)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Complexion: Olive

Citizenship: United States

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Yasin has possible 

chemical burn on right thigh. Epileptic; takes medication 

for condition.

duty; and commission of a crime of violence 

through the use of a deadly weapon.

Yasin was born in the United States, moved 

to Iraq during the 1960s, and returned to the 

United States in the fall of 1992. He possesses 

a US passport.

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

18 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 February

2005, Lebanon: Former Prime Minister Rafiq al-Hariri is assassinated by car bomb in Beirut; UN investigation in 

October finds Syria responsible Sunday

14

Chinese New Year

Valentine’s Day 29 Safar

1999, Turkey: PKK leader Abdullah Ocalan arrested and returned to Turkey; arrest sparks Kurdish protests 

across Europe Monday

15

US: Presidents Day (Washington’s Birthday observed) 1 Rabi‘ al-Awwal, A.H. 1431

1992, Lebanon: Hizballah General Secretary Abbas Musawi killed in helicopter ambush Tuesday

16

2 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

Wednesday

17

Christian: Ash Wednesday 3 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2002, Israel: Policeman killed by suicide bomber; al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade claims responsibility Thursday

18

4 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2001, United Kingdom: Terrorism Act 2000 enacted Friday

19

5 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2003, Saudi Arabia: Gunman ambushes car at stoplight, killing UK citizen; Yemen-born naturalized Saudi 

later arrested 

1998, Japan: Japanese Red Army member Tustomu Shiosaki sentenced to 30 years for attack on US Embassy 

in Indonesia

Saturday

20

6 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

www.nctc.gov 19
www.rewardsforjustice.net

cThe altered photograph on the left shows what Mullah 

Omar might look like today (FBI artist rendering).

Mullah Omar

Up to $10 Million Reward

wanted

Mullah Omar’s Taliban regime in 

Afghanistan sheltered Usama Bin Ladin 

and his al-Qa‘ida network in the years before 

the 11 September attacks. Although Operation 

Enduring Freedom removed the Taliban 

regime from power, Mullah Omar remains 

at large and represents a continuing threat 

to the United States and its allies.

Height: Tall

Hair: Black

Nationality: Afghan

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Mullah Omar 

has a shrapnel wound to his right eye and is bearded.

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

20 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 February

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

2004, Uganda: Lord’s Resistance Army attacks refugee camp in northern region, killing 239 and wounding 60 

1970, Israel: PFLP-GC bombing of Swissair jet kills 47 Sunday

21

7 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2006, Iraq: Destruction of al-Askari (Golden Dome) Mosque in Samarra‘ triggers retaliatory attacks that kill 

nearly 400 in subsequent week; al-Qa‘ida in Iraq claims responsibility for attack

2004, Israel: Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade bus bombing in Jerusalem kills eight, wounds 72 

1969, Syria: Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine founded

Monday

22

8 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2002, Colombia: Politician Ingrid Betancourt and three US military contractors—Marc Gonsalves, 

Thomas Howes, and Keith Stansell—kidnapped by FARC

1998, Worldwide: Usama Bin Ladin and al-Qa‘ida issue fatwa urging the murder of Americans wherever they 

are found

Tuesday

23

9 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

Wednesday

24

10 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1996, Israel: HAMAS bombs buses in Jerusalem, killing 28 and wounding 80 

1994, Israel: Massacre of 39 Arab worshipers at Tomb of the Patriarchs 

1991, Iraq: Ground offensive launched in Operation Desert Storm

Thursday

25

11 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1993, US: World Trade Center bombed, six killed and 1,000 injured Friday

26

Islamic: Mawlid an-Nabi (Birthday of Muhammad; observed by Sunni) 12 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2007, Afghanistan: Suicide attack on Bagram Air Base during visit by Vice President Cheney, killing 23 and 

injuring 20 

1980, Colombia: M-19 seizes Dominican Embassy, holds 20 ambassadors and 65 others hostage; last hostage 

released 21 April

Saturday

27

13 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

www.nctc.gov 21
www.rewardsforjustice.net

cThese altered photographs show what Adnan G. 

el Shukrijumah might look like today (FBI artist rendering).

Adnan G. el Shukrijumah

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Adnan G. el Shukri Jumah; Abu Arif; Ja’far 

al-Tayar; Jaffar al-Tayyar; Jafar Tayar; Jaafar 

al-Tayyar, Jaafar the Pilot

wanted

Adnan G. el Shukrijumah is wanted in 

connection with possible threats against 

the United States. On 26 March 2003, the 

United States District Court for the Eastern 

District of Virginia issued a Material Witness 

Warrant for his arrest. El Shukrijumah may be 

involved with al-Qa‘ida terrorist activities and, 

if so, poses a serious threat to US citizens and 

interests worldwide.

Date of Birth: 4 August 1975

Place of Birth: Saudi Arabia

Height: 5'3"-5'7" (160-170 cm)

Build: Medium to Heavy

Hair: Black

Eyes: Black

Complexion: Olive

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: El Shukrijumah 

occasionally wears a beard. He carries a Guyanese 

passport, but may attempt to enter the United States 

with a Saudi, Canadian, or Trinidadian passport.

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

22 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 February/March

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

2005, Iraq: Two vehicle-bomb attacks kill more than 160 Iraqis; al-Zarqawi group claims responsibility 

1985, United Kingdom: PIRA kills nine police officers in mortar attack Sunday

28

Jewish: Purim (Feast of Lots) 14 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2003, Pakistan: Khalid Shaykh Muhammad is arrested; planned 9/11 attacks in US

2001, United Kingdom: 21 groups banned under new terrorism law; LTTE office first to be closed Monday

1

15 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1980, El Salvador: Right-wing terrorist group assassinates Archbishop Oscar Amulfo Romero Tuesday

2

16 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2009, Pakistan: Six security personnel killed in attack on Sri Lankan cricket team in Lahore

2007, Algeria: AQIM bombs convoy carrying Russian workers, killing seven and wounding five

2004, Pakistan: Unknown group bombs Shia Muslim parade in Quetta, killing 47 and wounding 120 

2003, Philippines: MILF explodes bomb hidden in backpack in a crowded terminal, killing 21 including 

one US citizen, and injuring 146 others 

Wednesday

3

Islamic: Mawlid an-Nabi (Birthday of Muhammad; observed by Shia on this date) 17 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1999, Turkey: Suspected PKK suicide bomber kills three in Batman Thursday

4

18 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2003, Israel: HAMAS suicide bomber explodes bomb aboard bus, killing 15, including one US citizen, and 

injuring 40 others 

2002, Jerusalem: Bomb explodes inside Arab schoolyard, injuring eight; Avengers of the Infants 

claims responsibility 

1998, Sri Lanka: Bus bomb kills 37 and wounds more than 250; LTTE blamed

Friday

5

19 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2008, Israel: Eight students killed in attack on yeshiva in Jerusalem; HAMAS claims responsibility

2007, Iraq: Suicide bombers detonate themselves in a crowd of Shia pilgrims in Al Hillah, killing 120 pilgrims and 

injuring 190 

1999, Venezuela: Bodies of three US peace activists found; FARC responsible

Saturday

6

20 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

www.nctc.gov 23
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Jaber A. Elbaneh

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Jaber A. Elbanelt, Jaben A. Elbanelt, Jabor 

Elbaneh, Abu Jubaer, Jubaer Elbaneh, Jubair, 

Jabir al-Banna, Jabr Ahmad Saleh al-Bannaa 

wanted

J

aber A. Elbaneh is wanted in connection 

with a federal criminal complaint unsealed 

on 21 May 2003 in the Western District of 

New York, Buffalo, New York. He is charged 

with providing material support to a terrorist 

organization and conspiring to provide 

material support, specifically to al-Qa‘ida. 

Elbaneh was located in Yemen in 2008.

Date of Birth: 9 September 1966

Place of Birth: Yemen

Height: 5'8" (173 cm)

Hair: Brown

Eyes: Brown

Occupations: Salesman, Taxi Driver

Citizenship: United States, Yemen

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

24 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 March

1999, Bangladesh: Two bombs kill 10 and wound 75 at political meeting; Bin Ladin-backed Harakat-ul-Jihad 

suspected Sunday

7

21 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1995, Pakistan: Gunmen kill two US diplomats and wound one in Karachi Monday

8

Worldwide: International Women’s Day 22 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2004, Turkey: Two suicide bombers in Istanbul kill two, wound six; Abu Hafs al-Masri Brigade claims 

responsibility 

2002, Israel: Suicide bomb kills 11 and injures 25 inside a crowded Jerusalem cafe; HAMAS claims responsibility

Tuesday

9

23 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2000, Sri Lanka: LTTE conducts suicide motorcade ambush; 29 killed, 70 wounded Wednesday

10

24 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2004, Spain: Abu Hafs al-Masri Brigade claims responsibility for four bombs on Madrid trains, killing 198, 

wounding 600 

1999, Colombia: FARC founders Miguel Pascua and Commandante Oscar killed during raid in Cali

Thursday

11

25 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1999, Colombia: FARC leader Vladimir Gonzales Obregon killed by Army 

1993, India: Bomb attacks leave 250 dead, 700 wounded; Pakistan denies responsibility Friday

12

26 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1999, Turkey: Bombing at shopping center kills three and wounds six; Revenge Falcons of Apo 

claims responsibility Saturday

13

27 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

www.nctc.gov 25
Amer El-Maati

FBI Seeking Information

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Amro Badr Eldin Abou El-Maati, Amro Badr 

Abouelmaati 

wanted

Amer El-Maati is being sought in 

connection with possible terrorist threats 

against the United States.

Date of Birth: 25 May 1963

Place of Birth: Kuwait

Hair: Brown

Eyes: Brown

Height: 6'0" (183 cm)

Weight: 209 pounds (94 kg)

Complexion: Olive

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: El-Maati may be 

wearing a full beard and mustache. He requires corrective 

lenses and may be wearing eyeglasses.

REMARKS

Should be considered armed and 

dangerous. If you have any information 

concerning this person, please contact your 

local FBI office or the nearest American 

Embassy or Consulate.

www.fbi.gov

26 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 March

Sunday

14

28 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

2001, Turkey: Russian plane hijacked; 45 of 174 hostages freed or escaped. Two hostages and one hijacker killed, 

remaining hostages released Monday

15

29 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1988, Iraq: Iraqi forces attack Halabja residents with chemical weapons 

1985, Lebanon: US journalist Terry Anderson kidnapped 

1984, Lebanon: US official William Buckley seized, later killed by Hizballah

Tuesday

16

30 Rabi‘ al-Awwal

1992, Argentina: Car bomb destroys Israeli Embassy, killing 28 and wounding 220; Lebanese Hizballah 

claims responsibility Wednesday

17

St. Patrick’s Day 1 Rabi‘ al-Thani, A.H. 1431

Thursday

18

2 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2007, Afghanistan: Suicide bomber attacks US Embassy convoy, wounding two officials and one Afghan child; 

Taliban claim responsibility Friday

19

3 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2002, Israel: Suicide bomb detonates on bus, killing seven and injuring 30; Islamic Jihad responsible 

1995, Japan: Sarin attack kills 12 and sickens 5,000; Aum Shinrikyo responsible Saturday

20

Tunisia: Independence Day 4 Rabi‘ al-Thani

www.nctc.gov 27
www.rewardsforjustice.net

cThese altered photographs show what Faker Ben Abdelaziz 

Boussora might look like today (FBI artist rendering).

Faker Ben Abdelaziz Boussora

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Yusif al-Tunisi, Abu Yusif al-Tunisi, 

Abdulaziz, Fakeroun, Fakerrou, Fakir, Fakir 

Bin ‘Abd al-‘Aziz Busura

wanted

Faker Boussora is a Tunisian national 

with extensive connections to radical 

Islamic extremism. He is an al-Qa‘idatrained operative with declared intentions 

of becoming a suicide martyr. Boussora 

is an associate of Tunisian terror suspect 

Abderraouf Jdey, and the two may have 

traveled together in the past.

Boussora left his native Tunisia in 1988 

to reside in France. He departed France in 

1991 and immigrated to Montreal, Canada, 

traveling back and forth from Canada to 

Tunisia frequently during the 1990s. Boussora 

gained Canadian citizenship in 1999.

Boussora departed Canada in 1999 

and may have made more than one trip to 

Afghanistan during 1999-2000. He received 

training from al-Qa‘ida while in Afghanistan 

and subsequently returned to Canada. 

Authorities remain concerned that 

Boussora may attempt to return to Canada or 

Date of Birth: 22 March 1964

Place of Birth: Tunisia

Height: 5'7" (170 cm)

Weight: 165 lbs (75 kg)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Dark

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Boussora 

has protruding ears and is believed to have a serious 

pituitary gland illness

the United States to plan or participate in a 

terrorist attack. He may suffer from a serious 

illness and be in extremely poor health, 

resulting in weight loss and altered physical 

appearance.

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

28 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 March

2002, Israel: Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade suicide bomber detonates bomb in crowd of shoppers in Jerusalem; 

three killed, 86 injured Sunday

21

Iran/Afghanistan: Nowruz (Persian New Year) 5 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2001, Russia: Aleksandr Suslikov sentenced to six years for US Embassy bombing attempt in Moscow 

1945, Egypt: Arab League founded Monday

22

6 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1998, Algeria: Seven GIA extremists sentenced to death for assassinating Archbishop of Oran Tuesday

23

Pakistan: Pakistan Day 7 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2003, India: Armed militants dressed in military uniforms kill 24 Wednesday

24

8 Rabi‘ al-Thani

Thursday

25

9 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1978, Egypt and Israel: Countries ratify Camp David accords Friday

26

Bangladesh: Independence Day 10 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2009, Pakistan: At least 50 worshipers killed and 100 injured as suicide bomber strikes mosque in Jamrud, near 

Afghan border; no immediate claim of responsibility

2007, Iraq: Two truck bombs target Shia areas of Tal Afar, killing 152 and injuring 347 

2002, Israel: 29 people killed and 140 injured by suicide bomber attack on hotel during Passover seder; 

HAMAS claims responsibility 

2001, Algeria: Abdelmajid Dahoumane arrested for role in plot to attack Los Angeles International Airport on 

31 December 1999

Saturday

27

11 Rabi‘ al-Thani

www.nctc.gov 29
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Abderraouf Ben Habib Jdey

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Farouq Al-Tunisi, Abd Al-Rauf Bin Al-Habib 

Bin Yousef Al-Jiddi, Abderraouf Dey, A. 

Raouf Jdey, Abdal Ra’of Bin Muhammed Bin 

Yousef Al-Jadi, Abderraouf Ben Habib Jeday, 

Ibrahim, Mustapha, Papa, Marzouk, Farouq, 

Faruq al-Tunisi, Rub’I al-Urduni, A. Raouf 

Jdey, ‘Abd al-Ra’uf bin Habib al-Jadi

wanted

Abderraouf Jdey has an extensive history of 

extremist affiliations. He has been closely 

linked with al-Qa‘ida operatives and involved 

in plans for conducting hijacking/terrorist 

operations. Jdey is an associate of Tunisian 

terror suspect Faker Boussora, and the two 

may have traveled together in the past.

Jdey left his native Tunisia in 1991 and 

immigrated to Montreal, Canada, becoming 

a Canadian citizen in 1995. He departed 

Canada in 1999 and received combat training 

and experience in Afghanistan through 2000. 

He engaged in fighting against the Afghan 

Northern Alliance and authored a suicide 

letter stating his intention to become a martyr 

for jihad. Jdey also appeared in a well-known 

martyrdom video that was later found in an 

al-Qa‘ida leader’s house in 2001.

Date of Birth: 30 May 1965

Place of Birth: Grombalia, Tunisia

Height: 6'0" (183 cm)

Weight: 210 lbs (95 kg)

Hair: Brown

Eyes: Brown

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Jdey has a scar 

on forehead

Following a return to the Montreal area in 

2001 in which he consorted with extremists 

on methods of joining the jihad, Jdey left 

Canada. Authorities remain concerned that 

Jdey may attempt to return to Canada or 

the United States to plan or participate in a 

terrorist attack.

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

30 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 March/April

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

Sunday

28

Christian/Orthodox Christian: Palm Sunday 12 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1998, West Bank: HAMAS master bomber Muhi al-Din Sharif is killed in Ramallah Monday

29

13 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2009, Pakistan: Eight security personnel killed in attack on police academy near Lahore; second major attack on 

security forces within month

2002, Israel: Suicide bombing kills one and injures 30 in Tel Aviv; al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade claims responsibility

Tuesday

Jewish: Pesach (Passover, 1st day)

Palestinian: Land Day (Yawm al-Ard; commemoration of death of six people killed during protest of Israeli 

seizure of land in 1976) 14 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2002, Israel: Suicide bomber strikes restaurant in Haifa, killing 15 people and injuring more than 40; HAMAS 

claims responsibility Wednesday

31

Jewish: Pesach (Passover, 2nd day) 15 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1970, El Salvador: Popular Forces of Liberation formed Thursday

1

Jewish: Pesach (Passover, 3rd day) 16 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2003, Philippines: JI explodes bomb on crowded passenger wharf, killing 16 and injuring 55 

2001, Gaza: PIJ official Muhammad ‘Abd al-Il‘al killed in Israeli rocket attack 

1986, Bomb explodes on TWA flight 840, killing four and wounding nine; Hawari group blamed

Friday

2

Christian: Good Friday

Jewish: Pesach (Passover, 4th day) 17 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1982, France: Lebanese Armed Revolutionary Brigades assassinate Israeli Embassy political secretary Saturday

3

Jewish: Pesach (Passover, 5th day) 18 Rabi‘ al-Thani

30

www.nctc.gov 31
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Qari Mohammad Zafar

Up to $5 Million Reward

wanted

Qari Mohammad Zafar is wanted for 

questioning in connection with the 

2 March 2006 bombing of the US Consulate 

in Karachi, Pakistan. The attack killed three 

Pakistani citizens and David Foy, a US 

diplomat. Zafar is suspected of being a key 

figure involved in this attack.

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

32 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 April

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

1986, West Germany: La Belle disco bombed, killing three and wounding 200; Libya responsible Sunday

4

Christian/Orthodox Christian: Easter Sunday

Jewish: Pesach (Passover, 6th day) 19 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1988, Algeria: Hizballah hijacks Kuwait Airways flight from Thailand, killing two passengers; standoff ends 

16 days later with remaining hostages released Monday

5

Jewish: Pesach (Passover, 7th day; in Israel, Passover ends at sundown) 20 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2001, US: Algerian Ahmed Ressam convicted for role in plot to attack Los Angeles International Airport on 

31 December 1999 Tuesday

6

Jewish: Pesach (Passover, 8th day; in the rest of the world, Passover ends at sundown) 21 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1998, Greece: Rocket attack damages US Citibank and other buildings; 17 November claims responsibility on 

9 April 2001 Wednesday

7

22 Rabi‘ al-Thani

Thursday

8

23 Rabi‘ al-Thani

Friday

9

Tunisia: Martyrs Day 24 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2002, Israel: HAMAS suicide bomber kills eight, wounds 22 in bus attack Saturday

10

25 Rabi‘ al-Thani

www.nctc.gov 33
Al-Qa‘ida in Iraq (AQI)

more than 150 injured. In an attempt to unify 

Sunni jihadists in Iraq, in January 2006 AQI 

created the Mujahidin Shura Council, an 

umbrella organization that five other small 

jihadist groups joined. Al-Zarqawi made it a 

priority to foster sectarian violence between 

the Shia and Sunni in Iraq to incite civil 

war, primarily through the targeting of Shia 

civilians.

Al-Zarqawi was killed in a US airstrike 

on 7 June 2006. The new leader of AQI, 

Abu Ayyub al-Masri, announced in October 

2006 the formation of the “Islamic State of 

Iraq” (ISI), led by Iraqi national Abu Umar 

al-Baghdadi, in an attempt to politicize AQI’s 

terrorist activities and place an “Iraqi face” 

on their efforts. AQI’s continued targeting 

of Iraqi civilians caused a backlash against 

the organization, primarily from Sunni tribal 

and local community leaders. The growth of 

local anti-AQI groups along with Coalition 

and Iraqi operations denied AQI traditional 

safehavens, restricting the organization’s 

freedom of movement and resulting in a 

decreased attack tempo. However, AQI is 

still capable of conducting destabilizing 

operations and remains the most active and 

capable of the Sunni extremist groups in 

Iraq. Recent propaganda statements by AQI’s 

leaders and an uptick in high-profile attacks 

in mid-2009 represent an attempt by the 

group to demonstrate its continued relevance 

in the wake of the Coalition withdrawal 

from Iraqi cities and efforts to posture itself 

to take advantage of the changing security 

environment.

Al-Qa‘ida in Iraq, also known as the Islamic 

State of Iraq, was initially established as 

Jama‘at al-Tawhid wa-al Jihad, “Unity and 

Jihad Group,” in April 2004 by long-time 

Jordanian jihadist Abu Mus‘ab al-Zarqawi. 

Using such tactics as vehicle-borne improvised 

explosive devices (VBIEDs), suicide bombers, 

and executions of hostages by beheading and 

other means, the group targeted Coalition 

forces and attempted to pressure countries and 

foreign companies to leave Iraq, push Iraqis to 

stop supporting the United States and the Iraqi 

Government, and attract additional cadre to 

its ranks.

In a 17 October 2004 statement, al-Zarqawi 

pledged allegiance to Usama Bin Ladin 

and renamed the group Tanzim Qa‘idat 

al-Jihad fi Bilad al-Rafidayn (“The Base 

Organization of Jihad in the Land of the Two 

Rivers,” a common reference for Iraq). As 

part of its plan to spread jihad into “Greater 

Syria”—that is, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, and 

Jordan—and establish an Islamic state there, 

AQI expanded its targeting outside of Iraq in 

August 2005 by attempting a rocket attack on 

a US Navy ship in the Port of Aqaba, Jordan, 

and in November 2005 with the bombing of 

three hotels in Amman that left 67 dead and 

34 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 April

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

1968, Syria: Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine–General Command founded Sunday

11

Israel: Yom HaShoah (Holocaust Remembrance Day) 26 Rabi‘ al-Thani

2002, Israel: Suicide bomber kills six, injures 104 in Jerusalem; al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade responsible Monday

12

27 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1982, France: Lebanese Armed Revolutionary Brigades assassinate Israeli Embassy political secretary Tuesday

13

28 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1986, Libya: US planes bomb Tripoli and Benghazi in retaliation for La Belle disco bombing on 4 April Wednesday

14

29 Rabi‘ al-Thani

1986, Sudan: US Embassy communicator shot and wounded in Khartoum Thursday

15

1 Jumada al-Ula, A.H. 1431

Friday

16

2 Jumada al-Ula

2004, Gaza Strip: Israelis kill HAMAS Gaza Strip leader Dr. ‘Abd al-Aziz al-Rantisi Saturday

17

3 Jumada al-Ula

www.nctc.gov 35
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Abu Yahya al-Libi

Up to $1 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Mohammad Hassan Abu Bakar, Abu Yahya 

Sheikh Yahya, Al-Libbi, Abu Yahya Yunis al 

Sahrawi, Hasan Qa’id, Yunis, Muhammad 

Hassan Qayed

wanted

Abu Yahya al-Libi, a Libyan citizen, is an 

Islamic scholar who was captured by 

authorities in 2002 and imprisoned at Bagram 

Air Force Base in Afghanistan. Al-Libi 

escaped in July 2005, and has since appeared 

in a number of propaganda videos, using his 

religious training to influence people and 

legitimize the actions of al-Qa‘ida.

Abu Yahya al-Libi is a key motivator in 

the global jihad movement and his messages 

convey a clear threat to US persons or 

property worldwide. Abu Yahya is believed 

to be in hiding in Afghanistan or Pakistan.

Date of Birth: 1 January 1963

Place of Birth: Libya

Height: 5'8" (173 cm)

Weight: 195 lbs (88 kg)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Black

Complexion: Medium

Nationality: Libyan

Characteristics: Abu Yahya al-Libi has a black beard.

Status: Fugitive

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

36 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 April

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

1983, Lebanon: Car bomb explodes in front of US Embassy, killing 63 and wounding over 100; 

Hizballah responsible Sunday

18

Israel: Yom HaZikaron (Memorial Day) 4 Jumada al-Ula

1995, US: Truck bomb explodes at Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, killing 168 and injuring 

hundreds; Timothy McVeigh found guilty, executed 11 June 2001 Monday

19

Israel: Independence Day 5 Jumada al-Ula

1998, West Germany: Red Army Faction announces dissolution Tuesday

20

6 Jumada al-Ula

2004, Iraq: Suicide attackers detonate five car bombs in Basra, killing 73 and wounding 20 

2004, Saudi Arabia: Unknown terrorist car-bombs Riyadh police headquarters, killing 10 and wounding 125 Wednesday

21

7 Jumada al-Ula

1997, Peru: Four-month hostage situation at Japanese Ambassador’s residence ends with 17 dead, 71 freed; 

MRTA responsible Thursday

22

8 Jumada al-Ula

2000, Philippines: ASG kidnaps 21, including 10 foreign tourists Friday

23

9 Jumada al-Ula

2003, Colombia: Landmine kills one US Marine and wounds five others; FARC believed responsible

2001, Turkey: PKK member jailed 12 years for planning suicide bombing Saturday

24

10 Jumada al-Ula

www.nctc.gov 37
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Sirajuddin Haqqani

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Siraj Haqqani, Khalifa

wanted

Sirajuddin Haqqani, a senior leader of the 

Haqqani terrorist network founded by his 

father, Jalaluddin Haqqani, maintains close 

ties to al-Qa‘ida. During an interview with 

an American news organization, Haqqani 

admitted planning the 14 January 2008 attack 

against the Serena Hotel in Kabul that killed 

six people, including American citizen Thor 

David Hesla.

Haqqani also admitted to having planned 

the April 2008 attempted assassination of 

Afghan President Hamid Karzai. He has 

coordinated and participated in cross-border 

attacks against US and Coalition forces in 

Afghanistan. He is believed to be located in 

the Federally Administered Tribal Areas of 

Pakistan.

Date of Birth: About 1973

Place of Birth: Unknown

Height: 5' 7" (170 cm)

Weight: 150 lbs (68 kg)

Hair: Black

Complexion: Light

Nationality: Afghan Pashtun

Status: Fugitive

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

No Photo Available

38 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 April/May

2008, Sri Lanka: Parcel bomb explodes on commuter bus in Piliyandala, killing 26 and injuring 64; LTTE blamed

2003, India: Bomb explodes at courthouse, killing three and injuring 34 others Sunday

25

Egypt: Sinai Liberation Day 11 Jumada al-Ula

2001, Colombia: Government withdraws troops and allows ELN to claim territory Monday

26

12 Jumada al-Ula

1999, Greece: Anti-NATO bombing in hotel kills one and wounds one; Revolutionary Cells responsible Tuesday

27

13 Jumada al-Ula

Wednesday

28

14 Jumada al-Ula

Thursday

29

15 Jumada al-Ula

2003, Israel: Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade suicide bomber attacks Tel Aviv pub, killing three and injuring 64 others, 

including one US citizen

2000, Colombia: FARC launches Movement for New Colombia 

Friday

30

16 Jumada al-Ula

1993, Sri Lanka: Suicide bomber kills President Premadasa during May Day celebration Saturday

1

International: Labor Day 17 Jumada al-Ula

www.nctc.gov 39
www.rewardsforjustice.net

cThese altered photographs show what Jamal Mohammad 

al-Badawi might look like today (FBI artist rendering).

Jamal Mohammad al-Badawi

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Jamal Muhsin al-Tali, Abu Abdul Rahman 

al-Badawi, Abu Abdul Rahman al-Adani, 

Jamal Mohammad Ahmad Ali al-Badawi, 

Jamal Mohammad Ahmad 

wanted

J

amal Mohammad al-Badawi is wanted 

in connection with the 12 October 2000 

bombing of the USS Cole in Aden, Yemen. 

This attack killed 17 American sailors. 

He has been indicted on the following 

charges: Murder and conspiracy to murder 

US nationals and US military personnel; 

conspiracy to use and using weapons of 

mass destruction, damaging and destroying 

government properties and defense facilities; 

and providing material support to terrorist 

organizations.

Date of Birth: 22 July 1960, 23 October 1960, 

or 23 October 1963

Place of Birth: Al-Shargian, Makiras, Yemen

Height: Approximately 5'5" (165 cm)

Weight: Approximately 175 lbs (79 kg)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Black

Complexion: Olive

Citizenship: Yemen

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

40 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 May

www.nctc.gov 41

Sunday

2

18 Jumada al-Ula

2006, US: Zacarias Moussaoui sentenced to life in prison for aiding the 9/11 attacks Monday

3

19 Jumada al-Ula

Tuesday

4

20 Jumada al-Ula

Wednesday

5

21 Jumada al-Ula

2001, Spain: Politician Manuel Jimenez killed in attack in Zaragoza; ETA blamed Thursday

6

22 Jumada al-Ula

2007, US: Authorities disrupt plot to attack Fort Dix military base in New Jersey

2004, Pakistan: Unknown suicide bomber attacks historic mosque, killing 15 and wounding 96

2002, Israel: Suicide bomber at club in Tel Aviv kills 15 and injures 55; HAMAS responsible

Friday

7

23 Jumada al-Ula

2004, Russia: Chechen Republic President Kadyrov is killed at stadium in Groznyy when remotely detonated 

explosive kills 10, wounds 56

1985, Spain: Firebombing of US Citibank and Xerox buildings

Saturday

8

24 Jumada al-Ula
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Fahd Mohammed Ahmed al-Quso

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Fahd Mohammed Ahmed al-Awlaqi, Fahd 

al-Quso, Abu Huthaifah, Abu Huthaifah 

al-Yemeni, Abu Huthaifah al-Adani, Abu 

al-Bara, Fahd Muhammad Ahmad al-Kusso

wanted

Fahd Mohammed Ahmed al-Quso is 

wanted in connection with the 12 October 

2000 bombing of the USS Cole in Aden, 

Yemen. This attack killed 17 American 

sailors. He has been indicted on the following 

charges: Murder and conspiracy to murder 

US nationals and US military personnel; 

conspiracy to use and using weapons of 

mass destruction, damaging and destroying 

government properties and defense facilities; 

and providing material support to terrorist 

organizations.

Date of Birth: 12 November 1974

Place of Birth: Aden, Yemen

Height: Approximately 5'6" (168 cm)

Weight: Approximately 150 lbs (68 kg)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Black

Complexion: Olive

Nationality: Saudi Arabia

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

42 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 May

www.nctc.gov 43

2001, Afghanistan: Taliban close four UN offices in retaliation for the imposition of UN sanctions Sunday

9

US: Mothers Day 25 Jumada al-Ula

2002, Russia: Remote-control mine rips through Victory Day parade in Dagestan, leaving 41 dead; Chechen 

separatists suspected Monday

10

26 Jumada al-Ula

1999, India: Death sentence upheld for four of 26 convicted in conspiracy to kill Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi Tuesday

11

27 Jumada al-Ula

2001, Spain: ETA car bomb in central Madrid wounds 14 on eve of Basque vote Wednesday

12

28 Jumada al-Ula

2008, India: Seven near-simultaneous blasts in Jaipur kill more than 60; Indian Mujahidin claims responsibility

2003, Saudi Arabia: Al-Qa‘ida bombs the Vinnell, al-Hamra, and Ishbilyah housing compounds, killing seven 

US citizens and 13 others; another 194 wounded

1981, Italy: Mehmet Ali Agca attempts assassination of Pope John Paul II

Thursday

13

Christian: Ascension Day 29 Jumada al-Ula

1948, Israel: Founding of the State of Israel Friday

14

Palestinian: Nakhba (Day of Catastrophe; refers to original Israeli Independence Day on 14 May 1948) 30 Jumada al-Ula

Saturday

15

United States: Armed Forces Day 1 Jumada al-Akhirah, A.H. 1431
www.rewardsforjustice.net

cThese altered photographs show what Anas al-Liby might 

look like today (FBI artist rendering).

Anas al-Liby

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Anas al-Sabai, Anas al-Libi, Nazih al-Raghie, 

Nazih Abdul Hamed al-Raghie 

wanted

Anas al-Liby has been indicted for his 

alleged role in the 7 August 1998 

bombings of the US Embassies in Dar es 

Salaam, Tanzania, and Nairobi, Kenya. He 

has been indicted on the following charges: 

Conspiracy to kill US nationals, to murder, 

to destroy buildings and property of the 

United States, and to destroy national defense 

utilities of the United States.

Date of Birth: 30 March 1964 or 15 May 1964

Place of Birth: Tripoli, Libya

Height: 5'10"-6'2" (178-188 cm)

Build: Medium

Hair: Dark

Eyes: Dark

Citizenship: Libya

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Anas al-Liby has 

a scar on left side of face. Usually wears a full beard.

Languages: Arabic, English

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

44 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 May

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

www.nctc.gov 45

2003, Morocco: Al-Sirat al-Mustaqim members conduct near-simultaneous explosive attacks at five locations in 

Casablanca, killing 42 and injuring 100 

1978, Italy: Statesman Aldo Moro murdered by Red Brigades

Sunday

16

2 Jumada al-Akhirah

1989, West Germany: Court convicts Muhammad Ali Hamadi of hijacking TWA flight 847 in 1985 Monday

17

3 Jumada al-Akhirah

1980, Peru: Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) begins terrorist operations Tuesday

18

4 Jumada al-Akhirah

Wednesday

19

Jewish: Shavuot (Feast of Weeks; 1st day) 5 Jumada al-Akhirah

1999, Turkey: Ex-PKK deputy Semdin Sakik sentenced to death for treason Thursday

20

Jewish: Shavuot (Feast of Weeks; 2nd day) 6 Jumada al-Akhirah

2004, Bangladesh: Newly appointed British High Commissioner critically injured in blast by unknown group; 

three killed, 100 wounded 

2002, Peru: Car bomb detonates outside US Embassy, killing nine Peruvians; Shining Path suspected 

1991, India: Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and several others killed by female LTTE suicide bomber

Friday

21

7 Jumada al-Akhirah

2004, Colombia: Bomb explodes in crowded disco in Apartado, killing six, wounding 82; FARC suspected 

2001, Philippines: ASG rebels raid beach resort on Samal Island, killing two and wounding three Saturday

22

8 Jumada al-Akhirah
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Fazul Abdullah Mohammed

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Abdallah Fazul, ‘Abdallah Fazul, Abdalla 

Fazul, Abdallah Mohammed Fazul, Fazul 

Abdilahi Mohammed, Fazul Adballah, 

Fazul Abdalla, Fazul Mohammed, Haroon, 

Harun, Haroon Fazul, Harun Fazul, Fadil 

Abdallah Muhamad, Fadhil Haroun, Abu 

Seif Al Sudani, Abu Aisha, Abu Luqman, 

Fadel Abdallah Mohammed Ali, Fouad 

Mohammed, Abu Al Fazul al-Qamari, 

Abu Sayf al-Sudani 

wanted

Fazul Mohammed likes to wear baseball 

caps, tends to dress casually, and is very 

good with computers. He has been indicted 

for his alleged role in the 7 August 1998 

bombings of the US Embassies in Dar es 

Salaam, Tanzania, and Nairobi, Kenya, on 

the following charges: Murder of US nationals 

outside the United States; conspiracy to 

murder US nationals outside the United 

States; and attack on a federal facility resulting 

in death.

Date of Birth: 5 August 1972, 5 December 1974

Place of Birth: Comoros Islands

Height: 5'3"-5'5" (160-165 cm)

Weight: 120-140 lbs (54-64 kg)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Complexion: Dark

Nationality: Coastal African, Comoros Island

Birth Name: Abdullah Muhammad Ali Fadil Husayn Mullah Ali

Languages: English, French, Swahili, Arabic, Comoran

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

46 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 May

www.nctc.gov 47

Sunday

23

9 Jumada al-Akhirah

Monday

24

10 Jumada al-Akhirah

2001, Israel: HAMAS and PIJ detonate two bombs at bus station on anniversary of Israeli pullout from Lebanon 

in 2000, killing the three suicide attackers and injuring 45 Israelis Tuesday

25

11 Jumada al-Akhirah

1998, Japan: Doctor Ikuo Hayashi convicted in Aum Shinrikyo sarin attack in 1995 Wednesday

26

12 Jumada al-Akhirah

2009, Pakistan: Attack on security facilities in Lahore using car bomb, grenades, and firearms kills at least 30, 

wounds more than 250; Taliban claim responsibility

2001, Philippines: ASG kidnaps 20, including three Americans—Martin and Gracia Burnham and Guillermo 

Sobero—in raid on Dos Palmas Resort off Palawan Island 

Thursday

27

13 Jumada al-Akhirah

2009, Pakistan: Second day of attacks, this time in Peshawar, kills 13, including several policemen; Taliban 

claim responsibility

1997, Greece: Shipowner Constantinos Peratikos slain in ambush by 17 November 

1964, Colombia: Founding of Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC)

Friday

28

14 Jumada al-Akhirah

1997, US: Mohammed Abouhalima found guilty of aiding his brother in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing Saturday

29

15 Jumada al-Akhirah
www.rewardsforjustice.net

cThese altered photographs show what Ahmed Mohamed 

Hamed Ali might look like today (FBI artist rendering).

Ahmed Mohamed Hamed Ali

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Shuaib, Abu Islam al-Surir, Ahmed Ahmed, 

Ahmed the Egyptian, Ahmed Hemed, Hamed 

Ali, Ahmed Shieb, Abu Islam, Ahmed 

Mohammed Ali, Ahmed Hamed, Ahmed 

Mohammed Abdurehman, Abu Khadiijah, 

Abu Fatima, Ahmad al-Masri

wanted

Ahmed Mohamed Hamed Ali may have 

formal training in agriculture and may 

have worked in this vocation. He has been 

indicted for his alleged role in the 7 August 

1998 bombings of the US Embassies in 

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and Nairobi, 

Kenya, on the following charges: Conspiracy 

to kill US nationals, to murder, to destroy 

buildings and property of the United States, 

and to destroy national defense utilities of 

the United States.

Date of Birth: Approximately 1965

Place of Birth: Egypt

Height: Approximately 5'6"-5'8" (168-173 cm)

Build: Medium

Hair: Dark

Eyes: Dark

Citizenship: Egypt

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

48 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 May/June

www.nctc.gov 49

2001, Japan: Japanese Red Army founder, Fusako Shigenobu, announces JRA dissolution, regrouping as 

legal organization 

1972, Israel: Three members of Japanese Red Army, acting on behalf of PFLP, kill 24 and wound 78 in attack on 

(now) Ben Gurion International Airport

Sunday

30

16 Jumada al-Akhirah

1979, West Germany: Red Army Faction member Irmgard Moeller sentenced to life in prison for attacks on 

US Army headquarters in Heidelberg Monday

31

US: Memorial Day 17 Jumada al-Akhirah

2004, Iraq: Unknown group explodes car bomb in front of Patriotic Union of Kurdistan’s office, killing 25 and 

wounding many more 

2001, Israel: HAMAS claims responsibility for Tel Aviv disco suicide bomb that kills 20 and wounds 120

Tuesday

1

18 Jumada al-Akhirah

2006, Canada: Police arrest 17 in Ontario; group believed to be planning attacks using truck bombs, 

small‐arms fire Wednesday

2

19 Jumada al-Akhirah

2007, US: Authorities disrupt plot to blow up jet fuel supply tanks and pipelines at JFK International Airport in 

New York 

1989, Iran: Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini dies after 10-year rule

Thursday

3

20 Jumada al-Akhirah

1999, Turkey: Police kill two DHKP/C terrorists preparing to attack US Consulate Friday

4

21 Jumada al-Akhirah

2002, Israel: Car packed with explosives rams bus, killing 17 and injuring 38; Islamic Jihad responsible 

2001, Sri Lanka: LTTE attack on army camp kills 10 Saturday

5

22 Jumada al-Akhirah
www.rewardsforjustice.net

cThese altered photographs show what Abdullah Ahmed 

Abdulla might look like today (FBI artist rendering).

Abdullah Ahmed Abdullah

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Abu Mohamed al-Masri, Saleh, Abu Mariam, 

‘Abdallah Ahmed ‘Abdallah, Abu Maryam, 

Abu Muhammad al-Masri 

wanted

Abdullah Abdullah has been indicted for 

his alleged role in the 7 August 1998 

bombings of the US Embassies in Dar es 

Salaam, Tanzania, and Nairobi, Kenya.

Date of Birth: Approximately 1963

Place of Birth: Egypt

Height: 5'8" (173 cm)

Build: Medium

Hair: Dark

Eyes: Dark

Citizenship: Egypt

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Abdullah may wear 

a moustache and has a scar on the right side of his lower lip.

Status: Fugitive

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

50 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 June

www.nctc.gov 51

2003, Afghanistan: Taxi rigged with explosives rams into a bus carrying German peacekeepers in Kabul, killing 

five and injuring 29; al-Qa‘ida probably responsible 

2001, Canada: Bomb maker Singh Reyat charged in 1985 Air India bombing and jailed in Japan

Sunday

6

23 Jumada al-Akhirah

2006, Iraq: Abu Mus‘ab al-Zarqawi, leader of al-Qa‘ida in Iraq, killed in Coalition raid

2002, Philippines: Missionary Martin Burnham killed during gun battle between Philippine Government troops 

and Abu Sayyaf Group captors 

2000, Sri Lanka: LTTE suicide bomber kills 22 and wounds 60 during War Heroes procession

Monday

7

24 Jumada al-Akhirah

2001, India: Four killed and 50 wounded in grenade attack on Kashmir mosque by unknown attacker 

2000, Greece: British Attaché, Brigadier Stephen Saunders, killed in ambush; 17 November claims responsibility Tuesday

8

25 Jumada al-Akhirah

2009, Pakistan: Truck bomb attack on Pearl Continental Hotel in Peshawar kills 18, injures at least 50; 

little-known group Abdullah Azzam Shaheed Brigade claims responsibility

1997, Egypt: Suspected leader of al-Gama‘at al-Islamiyya, Mustafa Abu-Rawwash, killed in Cairo; 

40 members arrested

Wednesday

9

26 Jumada al-Akhirah

Thursday

10

27 Jumada al-Akhirah

1985, Lebanon: Jordanian flight to Amman hijacked, hostages freed the next day; plane destroyed, 

hijackers escape Friday

11

28 Jumada al-Akhirah

2001, Jordan: Abu Nidal, three others stand trial in absentia for 1994 murder of Jordanian diplomat in Lebanon 

2001, Philippines: ASG claims beheading of US hostage Guillermo Sobero; confirmed in October 2001 Saturday

12

29 Jumada al-Akhirah
Hizballah

side of the Israel-Lebanon 

border on 12 July 2006 in 

a gambit to negotiate the 

release of Lebanese and 

other Arab prisoners being 

held by Israel. In response, Israel 

launched an extensive military campaign 

against Hizballah in Lebanon with the aim 

of eradicating the organization. Following 

the UN-brokered cease-fire in August 2006, 

Hizballah claimed victory by virtue of its 

survival and has since sought to use the 

conflict to justify its need to retain its arms as 

a Lebanese resistance force. 

In February 2008, Hizballah’s military 

chief ‘Imad Mughniyah was killed by a 

vehicle bomb set off by unknown persons 

in Damascus. Hizballah Secretary General 

Hasan Nasrallah publicly blamed Israel 

and continues to promise retaliation. Since 

the killing, Hizballah has been accused of 

planning attacks against Israeli interests in 

Azerbaijan and Egypt. In mid-May 2008, 

Hizballah launched a military offensive 

against the Lebanese Government after it 

threatened to investigate the group’s private 

communications network and removed Beirut 

International Airport’s head of security, who 

was suspected of allegiance to Hizballah.

Hizballah’s political power and prominence 

in Lebanon were enhanced in the summer of 

2008 following the group’s consolidation of a 

blocking veto in the Lebanese Cabinet and its 

successful negotiation of a prisoner exchange 

with Israel. Hizballah returned the remains 

of the two soldiers kidnapped in 2006, while 

Israel released five prisoners and the remains 

of some 200 other Lebanese. In the recent 

2009 Lebanese elections, the Hizballah-led 

coalition failed to secure a majority 

in parliament.

The group is also known as the Islamic 

Resistance, Islamic Jihad, Revolutionary 

Justice Organization, and Organization of 

the Oppressed on Earth.

Formed in 1982 in response to the Israeli 

invasion of Lebanon, Hizballah (the “Party 

of God”), a Lebanon-based radical Shia 

group, advocates Shia empowerment within 

Lebanon. The group also supports Palestinian 

rejectionist groups in their struggle against 

Israel and now provides training for Iraqi Shia 

militants attacking Coalition forces in Iraq. 

Hizballah is known or suspected to have been 

involved in or provided support to numerous 

anti-US terrorist attacks, including the suicide 

truck bombings of the US Embassy in Beirut 

in April 1983, the US Marine barracks in 

Beirut in October 1983, and the US Embassy 

annex in Beirut in September 1984, as well 

as the hijacking of TWA 847 in 1985 and 

the Khobar Towers attack in Saudi Arabia 

in 1996. Hizballah primarily operates in the 

Al Biqa’ (Bekaa Valley), Hermil, the southern 

suburbs of Beirut, and southern Lebanon. 

The group has established cells in the Middle 

East, Europe, Africa, South America, North 

America, and Asia.

Hizballah has focused on justifying its 

retention of arms by casting itself within 

Lebanon as the only reliable bulwark against 

Israeli aggression. To this end, Hizballah 

kidnapped two Israeli soldiers on the Israeli 

52 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 June

www.nctc.gov 53

2007, Iraq: Second bombing of al-Askari (Golden Dome) Mosque in Samarra’. No casualties, but mosque’s two 

10-story minarets destroyed. First bombing, on 22 June 2006, destroyed mosque’s golden dome Sunday

13

1 Rajab, A.H. 1431

1985, Greece: Two Hizballah members hijack TWA flight 847 and murder US Navy diver, Robert Stethem, 

in Beirut; other hostages released, hijackers escape Monday

14

US: Flag Day 2 Rajab

2001, India: Sudanese citizen Abdul Rauf Hawash and Indian national Shameem Sarvar arrested for plotting 

to blow up US Embassy in New Delhi on Bin Ladin’s orders Tuesday

15

3 Rajab

1995, France: Six Iranians sentenced to life imprisonment for 1991 assassination of former Iranian 

prime minister Wednesday

16

4 Rajab

2004, Iraq: Abu Mus‘ab al-Zarqawi extremists bomb Iraqi army recruitment center, killing 35 and wounding 138 Thursday

17

5 Rajab

2002, Israel: Suicide bomber detonates explosives on bus; 19 killed and 74 wounded; Islamic Jihad 

claims responsibility Friday

18

6 Rajab

2002, Israel: Seven killed, 37 injured by a suicide bomber at bus stop; al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade 

claims responsibility Saturday

19

7 Rajab
www.rewardsforjustice.net

cThese altered photographs show what Ali Atwa might look 

like today (FBI artist rendering).

Ali Atwa

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Ammar Mansour Bouslim, Hassan Rostom 

Salim 

wanted

Ali Atwa is believed to be a member of the 

terrorist organization Lebanese Hizballah. 

On 14 June 1985, terrorists hijacked TWA 

Flight 847 en route from Athens to Rome. 

After flying to multiple sites, the plane landed 

in Beirut, where the hijackers shot and killed 

US Navy diver Robert Stethem and dumped 

his body on the airport tarmac.

Ali Atwa was indicted for his role in 

planning and participating in that attack. He 

has been indicted on the following charges: 

Conspiracy to commit aircraft piracy, to 

commit hostage taking, to commit air piracy 

resulting in murder, to interfere with a flight 

crew, to place a destructive device aboard 

an aircraft, to have explosive devices about 

the person on an aircraft, and to assault 

passengers and crew; air piracy resulting in 

murder; air piracy; hostage taking; interference 

with flight crew; placing explosives aboard 

aircraft; placing destructive device aboard 

aircraft; assault aboard aircraft with intent 

Date of Birth: Approximately 1960

Place of Birth: Lebanon

Height: 5'8" (173 cm)

Build: Medium

Eyes: Brown

Citizenship: Lebanon

to hijack with a dangerous weapon and 

resulting in serious bodily injury; and aiding 

and abetting.

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

54 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 June

www.nctc.gov 55

2001, Kashmir: LT leader Omar Abdullah Makki and associate killed; five others wounded near Srinagar Sunday

20

US: Fathers Day 8 Rajab

2001, US: Court indicts 13 members of Saudi Hizballah and one Lebanese Hizballah member for 1996 bombing 

of Khobar Towers that kills 19 US airmen Monday

21

9 Rajab

2001, Colombia: ELN member Gerardo Herrera and others are arrested in foreign oil worker’s kidnapping 

and murder Tuesday

22

10 Rajab

2009, Mauritania: American Christopher Leggett killed in Nouakchott; AQIM claim of responsibility cites 

“Christianizing activities”

1985, Canada: Bomb explodes on Air India flight 182, killing 329; Sikhs Ripudaman Singh Malik and 

Ajaib Singh Bagri held responsible and captured on 28 October 2001

Wednesday

23

11 Rajab

2009, Iraq: More than 70 people killed, 100 injured in bombing of market in Baghdad’s Sadr City; no claim 

of responsibility

2000, Colombia: Army captures FARC leader Rey Palacios

Thursday

24

12 Rajab

1996, Saudi Arabia: Bombing of Khobar Towers in Dhahran; 19 US airmen killed; Saudi and Lebanese 

Hizballah responsible Friday

25

13 Rajab

1995, Ethiopia: Egyptian President Mubarak escapes assassination attempt; al-Gama’at al-Islamiyya responsible Saturday

26

14 Rajab
www.rewardsforjustice.net

cThese altered photographs show what Mohammed Ali 

Hamadei might look like today (FBI artist rendering).

Mohammed Ali Hamadei

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Mohammod Ali Hamadei, Ali Hamadi, 

Castro, Muhammad ‘Ali Hamaday, 

Muhammad ‘Ali Hamadai 

wanted

Mohammed Ali Hamadei is believed to be 

a member of the terrorist organization 

Lebanese Hizballah. He was indicted for his 

role in planning and participating in the 

14 June 1985 hijacking of TWA Flight 847. 

This hijacking resulted in an assault on 

various passengers and crew members, and 

the murder of Petty Officer Robert D. 

Stethem, US Navy. Hamadei is charged 

with: Aircraft piracy in the Special Aircraft 

Jurisdiction of the United States; unlawful 

placing of a destructive device on an aircraft; 

hostage taking; murder; assault on 

a passenger; and conspiracy.

Date of Birth: 13 June 1964

Place of Birth: Lebanon

Height: 5'8" (173 cm)

Weight: 150 lbs (68 kg)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Dark Brown

Citizenship: Lebanon

Languages: Arabic, German

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Hamadei 

has a mole on his right cheek below his eye.

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

56 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 June/July

www.nctc.gov 57

2004, Iraq: Car bombs explode in Al Hillah, killing 40 and wounding 22 

1994, Japan: Sarin gas attack kills seven and wounds 600 in Matsumoto; Aum Shinrikyo responsible

1976, Greece: Air France flight hijacked by PFLP; two hostages and one hijacker are killed

Sunday

27

15 Rajab

1988, Greece: US Defense Attaché, Navy Captain William Nordeen, assassinated in Athens by 17 November Monday

28

16 Rajab

2007, United Kingdom: Two car bombs safely dismantled in London

1999, Turkey: PKK leader Abdullah Ocalan sentenced to be hanged for treason Tuesday

29

17 Rajab

2007, United Kingdom: Burning vehicle driven into Glasgow airport; Iraqi doctors, others, arrested in this and 

29 June 2007 attempted car bombing Wednesday

30

18 Rajab

2006, Iraq: Car bomb attack kills more than 60 in Baghdad market Thursday

1

Canada: Canada Day 19 Rajab

2008, Colombia: Politician Ingrid Betancourt and three US military contractors—Marc Gonsalves, 

Thomas Howes, and Keith Stansell—held since 23 February 2002, freed from FARC captivity Friday

2

20 Rajab

Saturday

3

21 Rajab
www.rewardsforjustice.net

cThese altered photographs show what Hasan Izz-al-Din 

might look like today (FBI artist rendering).

Hasan Izz-al-Din

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Ahmed Garbaya, Samir Salwwan, Sa’id, 

Hasan ‘Izz al-Din 

wanted

Hasan Izz-al-Din is believed to be a member 

of the terrorist organization Lebanese 

Hizballah. On 14 June 1985, terrorists 

hijacked TWA Flight 847 en route from 

Athens to Rome. After flying to multiple sites, 

the plane landed in Beirut, where the hijackers 

shot and killed US Navy diver Robert Stethem 

and dumped his body on the airport tarmac. 

Hasan Izz-al-Din was indicted for his role 

in planning and participating in that attack 

and faces the following charges: Conspiracy 

to commit aircraft piracy, to commit hostage 

taking, to commit air piracy resulting in 

murder, to interfere with a flight crew, to 

place a destructive device aboard an aircraft, 

to have explosive devices about the person 

on an aircraft, and to assault passengers and 

crew; air piracy resulting in murder; air piracy; 

hostage taking; interference with flight crew; 

placing explosives aboard aircraft; placing 

destructive device aboard aircraft; assault 

aboard aircraft with intent to hijack with a 

dangerous weapon and resulting in serious 

bodily injury; and aiding and abetting.

Date of Birth: 1963

Place of Birth: Lebanon

Height: 5'9" to 5'11" (175-180 cm)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Black

Build: Slender 

Citizenship: Lebanon

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

58 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 July

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

www.nctc.gov 59

1995, India: Al-Faran guerrillas kidnap two UK citizens and two US citizens in Kashmir 

1976, Uganda: Israelis raid Entebbe, rescue 246 hijacked hostages; two hostages and one hijacker killed Sunday

4

US: Independence Day 22 Rajab

2001, Sri Lanka: Government invokes tough terrorism laws to combat LTTE Monday

5

US: Independence Day observed

Algeria: Independence Day 23 Rajab

2004, Iraq: Ansar al-Sunna suicide car bombs in Khalis kill 14, wound 37 

2002, Afghanistan: Vice President Haji Abdul Qadir assassinated by unknown gunman Tuesday

6

Islamic: Birthday of ‘Ali, cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad (approx. 598 C.E.) 24 Rajab

2005, United Kingdom: Three near-simultaneous bombs on London transportation system, followed by another 

bombing less than an hour later, kill more than 50, wound over 700; al-Qa‘ida later claims responsibility 

1998, Algeria: GIA leader in Algiers, Khalifi Athmane, among 11 rebels killed by government

Wednesday

7

25 Rajab

1995, India: Al-Faran guerrillas kidnap Norwegian H.C. Ostroe and German Dirk Hasert in Kashmir Thursday

8

26 Rajab

2002, Philippines: One soldier killed and six wounded in clash with ASG guerrillas Friday

9

Islamic: Laylat al-Miraj (Ascent of the Prophet to Heaven) 27 Rajab

2001, Spain: ETA car bomb attack kills one and wounds 12 in Madrid Saturday

10

28 Rajab
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Ali Saed bin Ali el-Hoorie

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Saed bin Ali al-Huri, ‘Ali Saed Bin ‘Ali 

El-Houri 

wanted

On 25 June 1996, members of Saudi 

Hizballah carried out a terrorist attack 

on the Khobar Towers housing complex 

near Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. At the time, 

the complex was used to house US military 

personnel. The terrorists drove a tanker filled 

with plastic explosives into the parking lot 

and detonated it, all but destroying the nearest 

building. The attack killed 19 US servicemen 

and one Saudi citizen, and wounded 

372 others of many different nationalities.

El-Hoorie was indicted in the Eastern 

District of Virginia for that attack, on 

the following charges: Conspiracy to kill 

US nationals; conspiracy to murder US 

employees; conspiracy to use weapons of 

mass destruction against US nationals; 

conspiracy to destroy US property; conspiracy 

to attack national defense utilities; bombing 

resulting in death; use of weapons of mass 

destruction against US nationals; murder while 

using a destructive device during a crime of 

violence; murder of federal employees; and 

attempted murder of federal employees.

Date of Birth: 10 July or 11 July 1965

Place of Birth: Saudi Arabia

Height: 5'2" (157 cm)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Black

Citizenship: Saudi Arabia

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: El-Hoorie 

has a mole on his face.

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

60 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 July

www.nctc.gov 61

2006, India: Synchronized blasts on the Mumbai rail system kill nearly 200 and injure 900; 

LT believed responsible

1988, Greece: Attack on island ferry City of Poros kills nine and wounds dozens; ANO responsible

Sunday

11

29 Rajab

2000, Spain: ETA car bomb wounds 10 in Madrid’s Callao Plaza Monday

12

30 Rajab

1999, India: Muslim militants storm Kashmir paramilitary camp; four killed and 12 kidnapped 

1991, Japan: Hiroshi Igarashi, Japanese translator of The Satanic Verses, assassinated by unknown gunman Tuesday

13

1 Sha‘ban, A.H. 1431

2004, Iraq: Car bomb attack near Iraqi Interim Government headquarters and British Embassy in Baghdad 

kills 10, wounds 40 Wednesday

14

France: Bastille Day 2 Sha‘ban

Thursday

15

3 Sha‘ban

2002, Ireland: IRA issues unprecedented apology for all previous casualties 

2000, Japan: Two Aum Shinrikyo members sentenced to death for sarin gas attack Friday

16

4 Sha‘ban

2009, Indonesia: Near-simultaneous bombings of JW Marriott and Ritz-Carlton hotels in Jakarta kill nine and 

injure more than 50; Noordin Top and Jemaah Islamiya strongly suspected

2002, Greece: Police arrest Alexandros Giotopoulos, leader and founder of 17 November

Saturday

17

5 Sha‘ban
www.rewardsforjustice.net

cThis altered photograph shows what Ahmad Ibrahim 

al-Mughassil might look like today (FBI artist rendering).

Ahmad Ibrahim al-Mughassil

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Abu Omran 

wanted

On 25 June 1996, members of Saudi 

Hizballah carried out a terrorist attack 

on the Khobar Towers housing complex 

near Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. At the time, 

the complex was used to house US military 

personnel. The terrorists drove a tanker filled 

with plastic explosives into the parking lot 

and detonated it, all but destroying the nearest 

building. The attack killed 19 US servicemen 

and one Saudi citizen, and wounded 372 

others of many different nationalities.

Ahmad Ibrahim al-Mughassil was indicted 

in the Eastern District of Virginia for that 

attack, on the following charges: Conspiracy 

to kill US nationals; conspiracy to murder 

US employees; conspiracy to use weapons 

of mass destruction against US nationals; 

conspiracy to destroy US property; conspiracy 

to attack national defense utilities; bombing 

resulting in death; use of weapons of mass 

destruction against US nationals; murder 

while using a destructive device during a crime 

of violence; murder of federal employees; and 

attempted murder of federal employees.

Date of Birth: 26 June 1967

Place of Birth: Saudi Arabia

Height: 5'4" (163 cm)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Citizenship: Saudi Arabia

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

62 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 July

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

www.nctc.gov 63

1994, Argentina: Buenos Aires Jewish Community Center bombed, killing 85; Hizballah responsible Sunday

18

6 Sha‘ban

2004, Iraq: Fuel tanker driven into Baghdad police station, killing nine and wounding 50 Monday

19

7 Sha‘ban

Tuesday

20

Jewish: Tisha B’Av (commemoration of destruction of First and Second Temples) 8 Sha‘ban

2005, United Kingdom: No injuries reported as another four bombs explode in London transportation system 

two weeks after similar attacks 

1999, Spain: Government releases two former ETA leaders in hope of ending years of killing in Basque country

Wednesday

21

9 Sha‘ban

2002, Israel: HAMAS leader and 10 Palestinians killed in Israeli airstrike in Gaza City Thursday

22

10 Sha‘ban

2001, India: Bicycle bomb kills five soldiers and two civilians; Kashmir militants suspected Friday

23

11 Sha‘ban

2001, Sri Lanka: LTTE attack on international airport and adjoining air force base kills 18, wounds 12, and 

damages 24 aircraft Saturday

24

12 Sha‘ban
www.rewardsforjustice.net

cThis altered photograph shows what Ibrahim Salih 

Mohammed al-Yacoub might look like today (FBI artist 

rendering).

Ibrahim Salih Mohammed al-Yacoub

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Ibrahim Salih Muhammad al-Ya’qub

wanted

On 25 June 1996, members of Saudi 

Hizballah carried out a terrorist attack 

on the Khobar Towers housing complex 

near Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. At the time, 

the complex was used to house US military 

personnel. The terrorists drove a tanker filled 

with plastic explosives into the parking lot 

and detonated it, all but destroying the nearest 

building. The attack killed 19 US servicemen 

and one Saudi citizen, and wounded 

372 others of many different nationalities.

Ibrahim Salih Mohammed al-Yacoub was 

indicted in the Eastern District of Virginia 

on the following charges: Conspiracy to 

kill US nationals; conspiracy to murder 

US employees; conspiracy to use weapons 

of mass destruction against US nationals; 

conspiracy to destroy US property; conspiracy 

to attack national defense utilities; bombing 

resulting in death; use of weapons of mass 

destruction against US nationals; murder while 

using a destructive device during a crime of 

violence; murder of federal employees; and 

attempted murder of federal employees.

Date of Birth: 16 October 1966

Place of Birth: Saudi Arabia

Height: 5'4" (162 cm)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Citizenship: Saudi Arabia

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Al-Yacoub 

has a receding hairline and may wear a beard.

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

64 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 July

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

www.nctc.gov 65

2008, India: Seven explosions kill two in Bangalore

1995, France: Bomb kills seven and wounds 117 in Paris Saint-Michel Metro station; GIA suspected Sunday

25

13 Sha‘ban

2008, India: Seventeen bombings of civilian targets in Ahmedabad kill close to 50 and wound 100; Indian 

Mujahidin claims responsibility Monday

26

14 Sha‘ban

2008, Turkey: Bombs kill 17 and wound more than 150 in Istanbul; Kongra-Gel denies involvement

2001, Spain: Bomb outside of Barcelona bank wounds three; GRAPO suspected Tuesday

27

Islamic: Nisfu Sha‘ban (Night of Repentance, takes place this night) 15 Sha‘ban

2008, Iraq: Female suicide bombers attack Shia pilgirms in Baghdad and Kurdish demonstrators in Kirkuk; 

more than 50 killed in bombings and clashes prompted by the attacks

2004, Iraq: Al-Zarqawi group bombings in Baquba kill 70, wound more than 100 

Wednesday

28

Peru: Independence Day 16 Sha‘ban

2009, Spain: More than 60 people injured in car bomb attack in Burgos; ETA claims responsibility Thursday

29

17 Sha‘ban

2001, Spain: Former ETA leader Francisco Garmendia and Lt. Jose Erostrabe sentenced to 1,000 years each 

1997, Israel: Double suicide attack kills 16 and wounds 150 in Jerusalem; HAMAS responsible Friday

30

18 Sha‘ban

2002, Israel: Nine students, including five US citizens, killed and 85 injured by bomb at Hebrew University; 

HAMAS responsible, apologizes for American deaths Saturday

31

19 Sha‘ban
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Abdelkarim Hussein Mohamed al-Nasser

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

‘Abd al-Karim Husayn Muhammad al-Nasir 

wanted

On 25 June 1996, members of Saudi 

Hizballah carried out a terrorist attack 

on the Khobar Towers housing complex near 

Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. At the time, the 

complex housed US military personnel. The 

terrorists drove a tanker filled with plastic 

explosives into the parking lot and detonated 

it, all but destroying the nearest building. The 

attack killed 19 US servicemen and one Saudi 

citizen, and wounded 372 others of many 

different nationalities.

Abdelkarim Hussein Mohamed al-Nasser 

was indicted in the Eastern District of Virginia 

for that attack, on the following charges: 

Conspiracy to kill US nationals; conspiracy 

to murder US employees; conspiracy to 

use weapons of mass destruction against 

US nationals; conspiracy to destroy 

US property; conspiracy to attack national 

defense utilities; bombing resulting in death; 

use of weapons of mass destruction against 

US nationals; murder while using a destructive 

device during a crime of violence; murder of 

federal employees; and attempted murder of 

federal employees.

Date of Birth: Between 1942-1952

Place of Birth: Al Ihsa, Saudi Arabia

Height: 5'8" (173 cm)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Citizenship: Saudi Arabia

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

66 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 August

www.nctc.gov 67

2000, India: Suspected Islamic militants in Kashmir kill Hindu pilgrims on way to shrine; 102 killed and dozens 

wounded in this attack and subsequent attacks on villages Sunday

1

20 Sha‘ban

2003, Iraq: Car bomb explodes in front of Jordanian Embassy in Baghdad, killing 19 and injuring 50 

1990, Iraq: Invasion of Kuwait begins Monday

2

21 Sha‘ban

2001, United Kingdom: RIRA car bomb wounds six near London railway station 

1998, Colombia: ELN and FARC coordinate attacks that kill dozens of soldiers and civilians Tuesday

3

22 Sha‘ban

2002, Israel: Bus bombing kills 10 and wounds more than 40 passengers; HAMAS claims responsibility

2001, Philippines: Soldiers rescue 13 hostages after ASG beheads 10 of 23 kidnapped on 2 August Wednesday

4

23 Sha‘ban

2009, Pakistan: TTP leader Baitullah Mahsud killed in missile strike, according to Pakistani official and later 

confirmed by group spokesmen; Mahsud responsible for many high-profile attacks including assassination 

of Benazir Bhutto in 2007

2003, Indonesia: Car bomb explodes in front of Marriott Hotel in Jakarta, killing 13 and injuring 149; 

JI responsible 

Thursday

5

24 Sha‘ban

2002, India: Suicide bomber attacks Hindu pilgrims near Pahalgam, killing nine and wounding 32 

1991, France: Former Iranian Prime Minister Shapur Bakhtiar and his assistant assassinated in Paris Friday

6

25 Sha‘ban

1998, Kenya and Tanzania: Twin blasts at US Embassies kill 224, including 12 US citizens; 5,000 injured in 

Nairobi and 72 in Dar es Salaam; al-Qa‘ida responsible Saturday

7

26 Sha‘ban
differentiate it from Eid al-Adha, the “Greater 

Eid.” Eid al-Adha, which occurs about 70 

days after the end of Ramadan, marks the end 

of the Hajj (the Pilgrimage). Both the Hajj and 

Eid al-Adha take place during the final month 

of the Islamic calendar.

I

slam requires that Ramadan, the ninth 

month of the Muslim calendar, be devoted 

to fasting and prayer. During this month, 

Muslims fast from dawn to sunset each day 

and eat only small meals in the evening. 

Muslims are banned from fighting other 

Muslims during Ramadan, but they may 

engage in combat with non-Muslims. Islamic 

extremists have extolled Ramadan as a month 

of jihad, or holy war, against nonbelievers. 

Many Islamic extremists believe that suicide 

operations (“martyrdom”), especially if done 

during Ramadan, guarantee the operative a 

place in paradise. In 2010, Ramadan begins 

on 11 August and ends on 9 September.

Eid al-Fitr, often called simply Eid, is a 

holiday that marks the end of Ramadan. Eid 

is an Arabic word meaning “festival,” while 

Fitr means “to break the fast.” Customs 

differ from country to country and especially 

between the Arabic countries and the rest 

of the Muslim world, but all observances 

have the same basis: to break the daily fasts 

that were observed during Ramadan. Eid 

al-Fitr is often known as the “lesser Eid” to 

cThe Blue Mosque in Istanbul, Turkey, is decorated with the message, “Love and be loved,” 

during Eid al-Fitr, the Islamic holiday celebrated at the conclusion of Ramadan.

cDecorative Fanus lanterns 

on display during Ramadan.

Ramadan

68 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 August

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

www.nctc.gov 69

Sunday

8

27 Sha‘ban

2002, Pakistan: Grenade blast kills four and injures 20 at Christian missionary hospital in Islamabad Monday

9

28 Sha‘ban

2006, United Kingdom: Police disrupt plot to attack planes flying to United States, arrest more than 20; 

al-Qa‘ida suspected

1987, Greece: 17 November detonates bomb near bus carrying US airmen; 10 injured

Tuesday

10

29 Sha‘ban

Wednesday

11

Islamic: Ramadan (fasting begins at dawn) 1 Ramadan

2001, Israel: Suicide bomb attack in restaurant near Haifa kills the bomber and wounds 20; Palestine Islamic 

Jihad suspected Thursday

12

2 Ramadan

Friday

13

3 Ramadan

2003, Thailand: Riduan Isamuddin, a.k.a. Hambali, key JI figure in the October 2002 Bali disco bombing, arrested 

in Bangkok

1994, Sudan: “Carlos the Jackal” arrested and extradited to France, where he is sentenced in December 1997 

to life in prison 

Saturday

14

Pakistan: Independence Day 4 Ramadan
cJemaah Islamiya flag

Jemaah Islamiya (JI)

commander, Abu Dujanah. In 2008, JI 

operatives Agus Purwantoro and Abu Husna 

were captured in Malaysia and transferred to 

Indonesian police custody, and, in April 2008, 

an Indonesian court sentenced two senior JI 

leaders, Abu Dujana and Zarkasih, to 15 years 

in prison and labeled JI a terrorist group. In 

July 2008, Indonesian police seized explosives 

and arrested 10 members, including one 

Singaporean, of a JI cell in south Sumatra, 

disrupting operational plans to attack specific 

Christian and Western targets. 

In February 2008, Singaporean JI 

leader Mas Selamat Kastari escaped from 

a Singaporean prison. He was recaptured 

in Johor, Malaysia, in April 2009. Police 

continue to hunt other senior JI leaders and 

operatives who are at large in Indonesia 

and elsewhere in Southeast Asia. In August 

2009, Indonesian police raided safehouses 

in Bekasi and Central Java, killing multiple 

suspects in the Jakarta hotel bombings 

and recovering explosives. In September, 

Noordin Mohammad Top, who reportedly 

masterminded the 17 July 2009 explosions at 

the two hotels in Jakarta, was killed in a raid 

by Indonesian security forces.

J

emaah Islamiya (JI) is an Indonesiabased Islamic extremist group with cells 

operating throughout Southeast Asia. The 

group’s stated goal is to create an Islamic 

state—or caliphate—that would encompass 

Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei, the 

southern Philippines, and southern Thailand. 

JI has been responsible for several major, 

lethal bombings against Western targets in 

Indonesia, including the attack on a nightclub 

in Bali, Indonesia, in 2002 in which 202 

people were killed; the car bombing of the 

Jakarta JW Marriott hotel in 2003; the truck 

bombing of the Australian Embassy in 2004; 

the October 2005 bombings of tourist sites in 

Bali that killed 23 and injured over 100; and 

the July 2009 bombings at the Marriott and 

Ritz-Carlton hotels in Jakarta that killed nine, 

including two suicide bombers, and injured 

over 50.

Since 2001, JI has suffered significant 

blows from counterterrorism operations that 

resulted in the deaths or capture of hundreds 

of operatives. Although JI spiritual leader 

Abu Bakar Bashir was released from prison 

in June 2006, authorities detained operations 

chief Hambali in August 2003, killed chief 

bombmaker Azahari Bin Husin in November 

2005, and, in June 2007, arrested acting JI 

leader Zarkasih and the group’s military 

70 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 August

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

www.nctc.gov 71

2007, Iraq: At least 400 killed, hundreds injured in four truck-bomb explosions in remote northern desert

2001, India: Bomb attack wounds 18 in Handwara, Kashmir; LT claims responsibility Sunday

15

5 Ramadan

1993, Germany: Authorities storm KLM plane hijacked by Egyptian Islamic Jihad after last two hostages escape 

through cockpit window Monday

16

6 Ramadan

1995, France: Bomb explodes near Arc de Triomphe in Paris, wounding 17 Tuesday

17

Indonesia: Indpendence Day 7 Ramadan

2001, Spain: Car bomb explodes in tourist area near Barcelona after warning call; ETA responsible 

1987, Sri Lanka: Grenade attack against Parliament kills one legislator Wednesday

18

8 Ramadan

2008, Pakistan: Suicide bomber attacks hospital in Dera Ismail Khan, killing more than 30; Taliban elements 

claim responsibility

2008, Algeria: Suicide car bomber kills 43 in attack on police academy in Issers; no claim of responsibility but 

al-Qa‘ida in Lands of Islamic Maghreb strongly suspected

2003, Israel: HAMAS suicide bomber detonates bomb aboard bus in Jerusalem, killing 20, including five 

US citizens, and injuring 140 

Thursday

19

9 Ramadan

2008, Algeria: Two synchronized car bombs kill 11 in Bouira; as in 19 August attacks, no claim of responsibility 

but al-Qa‘ida in Lands of Islamic Maghreb strongly suspected

1998, Afghanistan, Sudan: US cruise missiles strike against terrorist locations in retaliation for African 

embassy bombings

Friday

20

Islamic: Occupation of Mecca by Muhammad’s army, 630 C.E. 10 Ramadan

2008, Pakistan: Two suicide bombers attack country’s main arms factory in town of Wah, killing 60; 

Taliban elements claim responsibility

1999, Pakistan: Two Mohajir Qaumi Movement (MQM) members sentenced to die for murder of 

four US citizens

1995, Israel: HAMAS bomber kills five, wounds 100 on Jerusalem bus

Saturday

21

11 Ramadan
I

slamic extremists might consider it 

auspicious to attack on the anniversary of 

the Battle of Badr, the 17th day of Ramadan. 

Muhammad and his army fought this battle 

against non-Islamic combatants in the face of 

overwhelming odds. It is considered to have 

laid the foundation for the Islamic State. In 

2010, the 17th day of Ramadan is expected to 

be on 27 August.

Laylat al‐Qadr (“Night of Power”) also 

might be especially auspicious for a terrorist 

attack. Islamic tradition holds that on this 

night, rewards for deeds pleasing to Allah 

are magnified a thousandfold; extremists, in 

particular, believe that the gates of heaven 

are opened then for those who wage “jihad” 

in defense of Islam to enter paradise. While 

there is much debate, Islamic scholars 

generally agree that the most likely date 

for Laylat al-Qadr to occur each year is the 

evening of the 27th day of Ramadan—the 

anniversary of Allah’s first revelation to the 

Prophet Muhammad of the Qur‘an—which 

is expected to be the night of 6–7 September 

in 2010. However, many scholars believe that 

other likely dates for Laylat al-Qadr are the 

evenings of the 21st, 23rd, 25th, or 29th day 

of Ramadan. Some scholars teach that any of 

the last 10 evenings of Ramadan are potential 

dates for Laylat al-Qadr.

The Battle of Badr and Night of Power (Laylat al-Qadr)

cThis illustration depicts the pursuit of Muhammed’s enemies during the Battle of Badr. 

The illustration appears in an edition of the Jami al-Tawarikh.

72 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 August

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

www.nctc.gov 73

Sunday

22

12 Ramadan

Monday

23

Islamic: Death of ‘Ali al-Rida‘, eighth Shia Imam (818 C.E.) 13 Ramadan

1975, France: Turkish ambassador to France and driver killed in Paris; Secret Army for the Liberation of 

Armenia responsible Tuesday

24

14 Ramadan

2009, Afghanistan: At least 40 killed, 60 injured in car bomb attack in Kandahar; no claim of responsibility but 

Taliban strongly suspected

1983, West Germany: Carlos-led group bombs French cultural center in West Berlin, killing one and 

wounding 23 

Wednesday

25

15 Ramadan

Thursday

26

16 Ramadan

Friday

27

Islamic: Battle of Badr, 624 C.E. 17 Ramadan

1999, Yemen: Car bomb kills six and wounds 12; Islamic Army of Aden-Abyan suspected Saturday

28

18 Ramadan
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Zulkifli bin Hir

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Zulkifli, Zulkifli Hir, Zulkifli Abdul Hir, Musa 

Abdul Hir, Musa, Marwan, Zulkifli bin Abdul 

Hir, Musa Abdul, Abdul Hir bin Zulkifli 

wanted

Zulkifli bin Hir, an engineer trained in 

the United States, is believed to be the 

head of the Kumpulun Mujahidin Malaysia 

(KMM) terrorist organization and a member 

of Jemaah Islamiya’s central command. 

Since August 2003, he has been present in 

the Philippines, where he is believed to have 

conducted bombmaking training for the 

Abu Sayyaf Group.

Date of Birth: Has used 5 January 1966 

and 10 October 1966 

Place of Birth: Muar, Johor, Malaysia

Citizenship: Malaysia

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

74 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 August/September

www.nctc.gov 75

2003, Iraq: Shia Muslim cleric Ayatollah al-Hakim assassinated in Basra

2001, Canada: Mahmud Jaballah arrested for involvement in al-Qa‘ida bombing of US Embassies

1995, Georgia: President Shevardnadze wounded in car-bomb attack

Sunday

29

19 Ramadan

2001, Sri Lanka: LTTE bomb outside municipal building in Kalunai kills three and wounds seven Monday

30

20 Ramadan

2006, Thailand: One killed as more than 20 bombs explode almost simultaneously inside banks in south

2004, Israel: Two HAMAS bus bombings kill 16 in Beersheba 

2001, Algeria: Islamic militants blamed for two attacks that kill 13

Tuesday

31

21 Ramadan

2004, Russia: During 1-3 September, Chechen-associated terrorists attack Beslan school, killing at least 330, 

wounding 776 

1970, Jordan: Palestinian guerrillas expelled from country; Black September takes its name from this day

Wednesday

1

Libya: National Day 22 Ramadan

2000, West Bank: Palestinians sentence HAMAS bombmaker Mahmud Abu-Hanud to 12 years 

1999, Sri Lanka: LTTE suicide bomber kills top Tamil militia leader who supported Sri Lankan Army Thursday

2

23 Ramadan

Friday

3

24 Ramadan

2007, Denmark: In counterterror raids, police in Copenhagen arrest eight al-Qa‘ida-linked individuals for 

plotting terrorist attacks

2006, Philippines: ASG commander Khadafi Janjalani dies in shootout on Jolo island

1999, Russia: Bombing of apartment building in Dagestan kills 64 

Saturday

4

25 Ramadan
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Dulmatin

Up to $10 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Amar Usman, Joko Pitoyo, Joko Pitono, 

Abdul Matin, Pitono, Muktarmar, 

Djoko, Noval 

wanted

On 12 October 2002, a suicide bomber 

entered the Sari Nightclub in Bali, 

Indonesia, and detonated a bomb in his 

backpack. Fifteen seconds later, those fleeing 

the club were met with another attack when a 

powerful car bomb was detonated across the 

street at Paddy’s Irish Bar. The final death toll 

was 202, including seven Americans. These 

victims were citizens of more than 20 different 

countries, primarily young tourists on 

vacation. Hundreds of others suffered severe 

burns and other injuries. Several members of 

the Jemaah Islamiya terrorist group have been 

convicted in relation to this attack.

Dulmatin is believed to be one of the 

masterminds responsible for planning these 

attacks, which are the deadliest acts of 

terrorism in Indonesian history. He is an 

electronics specialist with training in al-Qa‘ida 

camps in Afghanistan, and is a senior figure in 

Jemaah Islamiya.

Age: Late 30s

Height: 5'7" (172 cm)

Weight: 155 lbs (70 kg)

Hair: Brown

Eyes: Brown

Complexion: Brown

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

cThese altered photographs show what Dulmatin might 

look like today (FBI artist rendering).

76 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 September

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

www.nctc.gov 77

2006, Denmark: Police arrest nine on charges of plotting terrorist attack; chemicals, materials for 

explosives seized

1972, West Germany: Israeli athletes held hostage at Munich Olympics by Black September; 11 killed on 

6 September 

Sunday

5

26 Ramadan

1986, Turkey: ANO kills 21 in attack on Istanbul synagogue Monday

6

US: Labor Day

Islamic: Laylat al-Qadr (Night of Power; the night of revelation of Qur’an to Muhammad, takes place this evening) 27 Ramadan

1995, France: Car bomb explodes outside Jewish school in Lyon, wounding 14; GIA suspected Tuesday

7

28 Ramadan

1999, Russia: Bombing of Moscow apartment building kills 94; Islamic Dagestan Liberation Army 

claims responsibility Wednesday

8

29 Ramadan

2004, Indonesia: Al-Qa‘ida attacks Australian Embassy in Jakarta, killing 10 and wounding 150 

2003, Israel: Suicide bomber kills eight persons, including two US citizens, near the Asaf Harolfe Hospital; 

no responsible group identified 

2001, Afghanistan: Opposition leader Ahmad Shah Mahsood killed by two al-Qa‘ida suicide bombers

Thursday

9

Islamic: Eid al-Fitr (feast of fast-breaking after Ramadan; lasts 3 days)

Jewish: Rosh Hashanah (New Year, 1st day) 30 Ramadan

2001, Colombia: FARC leader German Briceno is sentenced in abstentia to 40 years for murder of three 

US activists Friday

10

Jewish: Rosh Hashanah (New Year, 2nd day) 1 Shawwal, A.H. 1431

2001, US: Four passenger planes hijacked; two crash into World Trade Center in New York City; one crashes 

into Pentagon; fourth crashes into field in Shanksville, PA; nearly 3,000 killed; Usama Bin Ladin and 

al-Qa‘ida responsible 

Saturday

11

US: Patriot Day 2 Shawwal
cThis altered photograph shows what Umar Patek might 

look like today (FBI artist rendering).

Umar Patek

Up to $1 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Umar Kecil, Umar (Arab), Pa’tek, Pak Taek, 

Abu Syekh, Zacky

wanted

Umar Patek, a member of Jemaah Islamiya 

(JI), is believed to have served as the 

assistant for the field coordinator of the 2002 

nightclub bombings in Bali, Indonesia, which 

killed 202 people, including seven US citizens. 

Patek is of Javanese Arabic extraction.

Date of Birth: 1970

Height: 5'3" (166 cm)

Weight: 130-135 lbs (60 kg)

Hair: Brown

Eyes: Brown

Complexion: Brown

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

78 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 September

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

www.nctc.gov 79

Sunday

12

3 Shawwal

1993, Israel and PLO sign peace agreement Monday

13

4 Shawwal

2003, Colombia: ELN militants kidnap four Israelis, two Britons, one German, and one Spaniard 

1986, South Korea: Bomb at Kimpo airport kills five and wounds 29; North Korea blamed Tuesday

14

5 Shawwal

2003, Russia: Truck bomb attack on government security building in Moscow kills three Wednesday

15

6 Shawwal

Thursday

16

7 Shawwal

1992, Germany: Four Iranian Kurds killed in Berlin’s Mykonos restaurant Friday

17

8 Shawwal

1997, Egypt: Bomb attack on Cairo tourist bus by two Muslim militants kills nine Germans Saturday

18

Jewish: Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement) 9 Shawwal
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Date of Birth: 1963

Place of Birth: Central Java, Jakarta

Build: Thin, small

Zulkarnaen

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Aris Sumarsono, Zulkarnaen, Daud

wanted

Zulkarnaen is one of al-Qa‘ida’s point men 

in Southeast Asia and is one of the few 

people in Indonesia who have direct contact 

with Usama Bin Ladin’s terror network. 

Zulkarnaen earned a degree in biology from 

an Indonesian university, and in the 1980s 

he was among the first Indonesian militants 

to go to Afghanistan for training to become 

an expert in sabotage. Zulkarnaen now leads 

a squad of militants called Laskar Khos, 

or “special force,” whose members were 

recruited from some 300 Indonesians who 

trained in Afghanistan and the Philippines. 

Zulkarnaen was a protégé of Abdullah 

Sungkar, founder of JI and the Islamic 

boarding school al-Mukmin where 

Zulkarnaen and other senior militants studied. 

In the mid-1980s, Sungkar sent a small group 

of Indonesians to Afghanistan to train in a 

camp led by mujahidin commander Abdul 

Rasul Sayyaf. Before Sungkar’s death in 1999, 

Zulkarnaen was often seen by his mentor’s 

side, helping to organize conferences and 

arrange the agenda of the elder radical.

Zulkarnaen, whose real name is Aris 

Sumarsono, is called Daud by fellow 

militants. US and Indonesian officials state 

that Zulkarnaen became operations chief for 

Jemaah Islamiya (JI) after the arrest of his 

alleged predecessor, Riduan Isamuddin, also 

known as Hambali, in Thailand. Zulkarnaen 

is described by those who know him as a small 

man of few words. Zulkarnaen is believed to 

have helped organize fighting in the Maluku 

islands in the 1990s, and organized a meeting 

among militants who trained in Afghanistan 

at different times, enabling them to join forces. 

Zulkarnaen has been identified as possibly 

the highest-ranking leader of the Southeast 

Asian terrorist group Jemaah Islamiya. He is 

believed to head the elite squad that helped 

carry out the suicide bombing at Jakarta’s 

Marriott Hotel that killed 12 people in 2003 

and helped to prepare the bombs that killed 

202 people in Bali in 2002. 

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

80 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 September

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

www.nctc.gov 81

1989, UTA Flight 772 to Paris explodes over Niger, killing 170; Libya held responsible Sunday

19

10 Shawwal

2008, Pakistan: Truck bomb attack against Marriott Hotel in Islamabad kills more than 60, wounds 200; 

al-Qa‘ida strongly suspected

1984, Lebanon: Islamic Jihad Organization responsible for truck bomb at US Embassy annex in Beirut; 23 killed

Monday

20

11 Shawwal

Tuesday

21

12 Shawwal

2004, Israel: Female al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade bomber kills two in Jerusalem Wednesday

22

13 Shawwal

2003, Algeria: GSPC explodes two bombs near police vehicle, killing three 

1983, UAE: Omani Gulf Aircraft bombed; 111 killed, including one US citizen Thursday

23

Saudi Arabia: Unification of the Kingdom 

Jewish: Sukkot (Feast of Tabernacles, lasts 8 days) 14 Shawwal

2002, India: Militants attack Hindu temple, killing 31; LT suspected Friday

24

15 Shawwal

2002, Pakistan: Militants kill seven at Christian charity in Karachi Saturday

25

16 Shawwal
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Abdul Basit Usman 

Up to $1 Million Reward

Wanted

Abdul Basit Usman, a Filipino citizen, 

is a bomb-making expert with links to 

two terrorist organizations operating in the 

southern Philippines: the Philippines-based 

Abu Sayyaf Group and the Indonesia-based 

Jemaah Islamiya (JI). Because of these 

associations, US authorities consider Basit to 

be a threat to US and Filipino citizens and 

interests. Basit is believed to have orchestrated 

several bombings that have killed, injured, 

and maimed many innocent civilians. Basit is 

believed to be hiding in central Mindanao. 

Basit has been indicted in the Philippines 

for his role in multiple bombing incidents 

since 2003, and the Government of the 

Philippines has issued a warrant for his arrest.

Nationality: Philippines

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

82 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 September/October

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

www.nctc.gov 83

2004, Syria: Car bomb kills HAMAS leader Izz al-Din Shaykh Khalil in Damascus 

2001, France: Police arrest seven suspected Islamic extremists linked to Bin Ladin network headed by 

Djame Beghal

Sunday

26

17 Shawwal

1987, Greece: US commissary bombed, killing one; Revolutionary Popular Struggle (ELA) responsible Monday

27

18 Shawwal

2000, Philippines: ASG leader killed, two others wounded in military bid to rescue hostages Tuesday

28

19 Shawwal

2003, Colombia: FARC motorcycle bomb explodes, killing 10 and injuring 54, including three police officers 

1998, Sri Lanka: Lionair flight from Jaffna to Colombo shot down, killing 55; LTTE blamed Wednesday

29

20 Shawwal

Thursday

30

Jewish: Shemini Atzeret (Assembly of the Eighth Day)

Jewish: Simchat Torah (Rejoicing in the Torah; in Israel) 21 Shawwal

2005, Bali: Resort bombings kill 26 and injure more than 100; JI bombmaker Azahari bin Husin believed 

responsible 

1995, US: Shaykh Umar ‘Abd al-Rahman convicted in plot to blow up UN Headquarters and other landmarks 

in New York

Friday

1

Jewish: Simchat Torah (Rejoicing in the Torah; in the rest of the world) 22 Shawwal

2000, Sri Lanka: LTTE suicide bombing kills 23 and wounds 54 in attack contesting elections Saturday

2

23 Shawwal
cPalestine Islamic Jihad logo

Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ)

The PIJ was formed by militant Palestinians 

in the Gaza Strip during the 1970s. The 

group is committed to the creation of an 

Islamic state in all of historical Palestine 

and the destruction of Israel through attacks 

against Israeli military and civilian targets. 

The group’s central leadership resides in 

Syria, but PIJ maintains small regional offices 

in Beirut and Tehran. PIJ receives financial 

assistance primarily from Iran. PIJ refuses 

to participate in the Palestinian Authority’s 

political process and rejects all negotiations 

with Israel. The group’s paramilitary wing—

the al-Quds Brigades—has conducted 

numerous attacks, including large-scale suicide 

bombings. PIJ’s most recent suicide bombing 

was in January 2007 in the southern Israeli 

city of Eilat, killing three people. Since then 

the group has conducted numerous rocket 

attacks against Israeli targets near the Gaza 

Strip using indigenously produced rockets. 

Despite deaths and arrests of leaders in 

the West Bank and the Gaza Strip in 2009, 

the group remained active—mostly by firing 

rockets from the Gaza Strip. Although US 

citizens have died in attacks mounted by 

the PIJ, the group has not directly targeted 

US interests.

84 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 October

www.nctc.gov 85

1996, Greece: Bomb explodes under car of Greek NATO officer in Athens; 17 November blamed Sunday

3

24 Shawwal

2000, Peru: Shining Path leader Carlos Fernandez is captured Monday

4

25 Shawwal

2000, Sri Lanka: LTTE suicide bomber kills 10 and wounds more than 35 at election rally Tuesday

5

26 Shawwal

2002, French oil tanker Limburg attacked and damaged off coast of Yemen; one killed and four wounded; 

al-Qa‘ida responsible 

1981, Egypt: President Anwar al-Sadat assassinated by Egyptian Islamic Jihad

1973, Middle East: Yom Kippur War begins

Wednesday

6

27 Shawwal

2004, Egypt: Terrorists car-bomb Hilton resort in Taba, two other tourist areas; 34 killed, more than 

100 wounded

2001, Afghanistan: US-led coalition begins military campaign in response to 9/11 attacks

1985, Mediterranean: Hijacking of Achille Lauro cruise ship; one US citizen killed 

Thursday

7

28 Shawwal

2002, Kuwait: Al-Qa‘ida associates attack US Marines on exercise, killing one Friday

8

29 Shawwal

1983, Burma: North Korean commandos attack South Korean state delegation visiting Rangoon, killing 

21 Burmese and Korean officials Saturday

9

1 Dhu al-Qa‘dah, A.H. 1431
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Ramadan Abdullah Mohammad Shallah

Up to $5 Million Reward

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Ramadan Shallah, Rashad, Mohamad 

el-Fatih, Mahmoud, Radwan, al-Shaer, 

Abu Abdullah, Ramadan Abdullah, 

Ramadan ‘Abdallah Muhammad Shallah, 

Dr. Ramadan Abdullah Shallah 

wanted

Ramadan Abdullah Mohammad Shallah 

is wanted for conspiracy to conduct the 

affairs of the Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ), 

a specially designated terrorist organization, 

through a pattern of racketeering activities 

such as bombings, murder, extortion, and 

money laundering. Shallah was one of the 

original founding members of the PIJ and 

since 1995 has been the secretary-general 

and leader of the organization, which is 

headquartered in Damascus, Syria. 

Shallah was listed as a “Specially 

Designated Terrorist” under US law on 

27 November 1995 and was indicted on 

53 counts in the US District Court, Middle 

District of Florida, in 2003.

Date of Birth: 1 January 1958

Place of Birth: Sajaya, Gaza Strip

Height: 6'1" (185 cm)

Weight: 225 lbs (102 kg)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Complexion: Light

Nationality: Palestinian

Languages: Arabic, English

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

86 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 October

www.nctc.gov 87

2009, Pakistan: Nine soldiers killed in attack on Army General Headquarters in Rawalpindi; Tehrik-e Taliban 

Pakistan claims responsibility Sunday

10

2 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

1993, Norway: Norwegian publisher of The Satanic Verses is shot three times by unknown gunman but survives Monday

11

US: Columbus Day 3 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2004, Gaza Strip: Israelis kill senior HAMAS leader and explosives expert Adnan Ghul 

2002, Indonesia: Multiple car bombs explode outside nightclubs in Bali, killling 202; JI responsible 

2000, Yemen: Bombing of USS Cole kills 17 and wounds 39; Usama Bin Ladin and al-Qa‘ida responsible 

Tuesday

12

4 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

Wednesday

13

5 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

Thursday

14

6 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2009, Pakistan: Coordinated attacks in Lahore and Kohat kill nearly 40; Tehrik-e Taliban Pakistan 

claims responsibility

2003, Gaza Strip: Palestinian terrorists bomb a US Embassy motorcade, killing three diplomatic 

security contractors 

1997, Egypt: Three EIJ leaders are sentenced to death for terrorist acts

Friday

15

7 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2000, Saudi Arabia: Two Saudis commandeer flight to Baghdad, then surrender; 104 hostages 

released unharmed 

1997, Sri Lanka: LTTE truck bomb at hotel next to Trade Center in Colombo kills 18 and wounds more 

than 100, including seven US citizens

Saturday

16

8 Dhu al-Qa‘dah
Abd Al Aziz Awda

FBI Most Wanted

Aliases/NAME VARIANTS

Sheikh Odeh, Abdel Aziz Odeh, Abd Al Aziz 

Odeh, Abed Al Aziz Odeh, Abu Ahmed, 

Sheik Awda, Fadl Abu Ahmed, Al Sheik, 

The Sheik, Mawlana, ‘Abd al-Aziz Awda 

wanted

Abd Al Aziz Awda is wanted for conspiracy 

to conduct the affairs of the designated 

international terrorist organization known 

as the Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) through 

a pattern of racketeering activities such 

as bombings, murders, extortions, and 

money laundering. Awda was one of the 

original founders and the spiritual leader 

of the PIJ and is currently still involved in 

the organization, whose headquarters is in 

Damascus, Syria. He was listed as a “Specially 

Designated Terrorist” under United States 

law on 23 January 1995. Awda was indicted 

in a 53-count indictment in the United States 

District Court, Middle District of Florida, 

Tampa, Florida. 

Awda was educated in Arab and Islamic 

Studies in Cairo, Egypt. He has worked as a 

lecturer at a university and as an Imam at a 

mosque, both of which were located in the 

Gaza Strip. 

Date of Birth: 20 December 1950

Place of Birth: Jabaliya, Gaza Strip

Citizenship: Palestinian

Languages: Arabic, English

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Complexion: Light

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Awda normally 

wears a moustache and a beard 

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate.

www.fbi.gov

88 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 October

www.nctc.gov 89

2001, Israel: Cabinet minister Rehav‘am Ze‘evi is killed by PFLP

1995, France: Paris Metro bombing wounds 30; GIA suspected Sunday

17

9 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2003, Indonesia: Imam Samudra sentenced to death for role in 12 October 2002 bombing in Bali Monday

18

10 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2000, Sri Lanka: LTTE suicide bomber wounds 23, including three US tourists, in an attack against town hall 

near Colombo Tuesday

19

11 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

1981, Belgium: Antwerp synagogue bombed, killing two and wounding 99; bomber unknown Wednesday

20

12 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2002, Israel: Car bomb explodes next to bus in Karkur, killing 19; PIJ suspected Thursday

21

13 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2000, Spain: ETA car bomb kills prison officer in Basque capital, Vitoria Friday

22

14 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2002, Russia: Fifty Chechens seize Podshipnikov Zavod theater in Moscow, taking more than 800 hostages; 

all Chechens and 124 hostages, including one American, killed during rescue 

1983, Lebanon: Islamic Jihad bombs US Marine barracks in Beirut, killing 241 US Marines and 

58 French paratroopers 

Saturday

23

15 Dhu al-Qa‘dah
cBin Ladin’s “Pan-Islamic Caliphate”

Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG)

at least eight and injuring about 150. In 2006 

ASG leader Janjalani’s faction relocated to 

Sulu, where it joined forces with local ASG 

supporters who are providing shelter to 

fugitive JI members from Indonesia. 

In July 2007, the ASG and Moro Islamic 

Liberation Front engaged a force of Philippine 

marines on Basilan Island, killing 14. In 

November 2007, a motorcycle bomb exploded 

outside the Philippine Congress, killing a 

Congressman and three staff members. While 

there was no definitive claim of responsibility, 

three suspected ASG members were arrested 

during a subsequent raid on a safehouse. 

In January 2009, ASG kidnapped three 

International Red Cross workers in Sulu 

province, holding one of the hostages for 

six months. 

The Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) is the most 

violent of the Islamic separatist groups 

operating in the southern Philippines and 

claims to promote an independent Islamic 

state in western Mindanao and the Sulu 

Archipelago. Split from the Moro National 

Liberation Front in the early 1990s, the group 

currently engages in kidnappings for ransom, 

bombings, assassinations, and extortion, and 

has ties to Jemaah Islamiya (JI). The ASG 

operates mainly in Basilan, Sulu, and TawiTawi Provinces in the Sulu Archipelago, and 

has a presence on Mindanao. Members also 

occasionally travel to Manila. 

The ASG has used terror both for financial 

profit and to promote its jihadist agenda. In 

April 2000, an ASG faction kidnapped 21 

persons—including 10 Westerners—from a 

Malaysian resort, and, in May 2001, the ASG 

kidnapped three US citizens and 17 Filipinos 

from a resort in Palawan, Philippines, later 

murdering several of the hostages, including 

one US citizen. On 27 February 2004 

members of Khadafi Janjalani’s faction 

bombed a ferry in Manila Bay, killing 116, 

and on 14 February 2005 they perpetrated 

simultaneous bombings in the cities of 

Manila, General Santos, and Davao, killing 

90 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 October

www.nctc.gov 91

2004, Iraq: Islamic Army mortar attack in Baghdad kills State Department officer Ed Seitz, wounds one Sunday

24

16 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

Monday

25

17 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

1995, Malta: Palestine Islamic Jihad leader Fathi al-Shaqaqi killed by unknown assassin Tuesday

26

18 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

Wednesday

27

19 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2002, Jordan: USAID official Laurence Foley assassinated in Amman 

2001, Philippines: ASG bomb in Zamboanga kills 11 and wounds 50 Thursday

28

20 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2005, India: Bombings in New Delhi kill 55, wound close to 200; Islamic Inquilab Mahaz group 

claims responsibility

1975, West Germany: Three Black September terrorists hijack Lufthansa plane and demand release of those 

who committed 1972 Olympics massacre; hijackers are captured but all are later released

Friday

29

21 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2000, Spain: Judge and two aides killed and more than 30 wounded in ETA car bomb attack in Madrid Saturday

30

22 Dhu al-Qa‘dah
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Isnilon Hapilon

Up to $5 Million Reward

wanted

I

snilon Hapilon is a senior leader of the Abu 

Sayyaf Group (ASG), a foreign terrorist 

organization operating in the southern 

Philippines. The group and its leadership are 

integrated with the worldwide network of 

Islamic terrorists, including Jemaah Islamiya 

and al-Qa‘ida. 

On 27 May 2001, the ASG kidnapped 

three American citizens from the Dos Palmas 

Resort on Palawan in the Philippines. The 

three Americans were identified as Guillermo 

Sobero and Martin and Gracia Burnham, 

an American missionary couple. On 11 June 

2001, ASG spokesman Abu Sabaya claimed 

Guillermo Sobero had been executed as a 

“birthday present” for Philippine President 

Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. On 7 October 

2001, a human skull was recovered from 

Basilan Island, which was found to be that 

of Guillermo Sobero. In June 2002, Martin 

Burnham died in a crossfire between Filipino 

soldiers and the ASG; Gracia Burnham was 

injured but was rescued and repatriated to the 

United States. Isnilon Hapilon was involved in 

the Dos Palmas attack. 

Date of Birth: Approximately 1966

Place of Birth: Possibly Lantawan, Basilan

Height: Approximately 5'5"-5'7" (165-170 cm)

Hair: Black

Eyes: Brown

Complexion: Tan

Scars/Distinguishing Characteristics: Hapilon is skinny; 

may have chin hair and slight moustache. He is liked by 

peers, and is proud and confident in his abilities.

Hapilon was indicted in the District of 

Columbia for his alleged involvement in 

terrorist acts against US nationals and other 

foreign nationals in and around the Republic 

of the Philippines. 

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

92 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 October/November

www.nctc.gov 93

1984, India: Prime Minister Indira Gandhi assassinated by her Sikh bodyguards; many Sikhs killed in retaliation 

for her death Sunday

31

Halloween 23 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

1950, US: Two Puerto Rican Nationalist Party members attempt to assassinate President Truman Monday

1

Christian: All Saints Day 24 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2000, Colombia: ELN releases remaining 21 hostages kidnapped from Cali on 17 September Tuesday

2

25 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

Wednesday

3

26 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2001, Israel: US citizen killed in shooting attack on bus in Jerusalem; assailant killed and 35 wounded; 

PIJ claims responsibility 

1979, Iran: US Embassy in Tehran seized, 66 taken hostage

Thursday

4

27 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

Friday

5

28 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

2001, Spain: ETA car bomb detonates during rush hour in Madrid, injuring 100 Saturday

6

29 Dhu al-Qa‘dah
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Khair Mundos

Up to $500,000 Reward

wanted

Khair Mundos is a key leader and 

financier of the Philippines-based 

Abu Sayyaf Group. 

Mundos’s May 2004 arrest on the first-ever 

money laundering charges against terrorists 

grew out of an investigation initiated by 

the US Government in coordination with 

Philippine officials. While in police custody, 

Mundos confessed to having arranged the 

transfer of funds from al-Qa‘ida to Abu 

Sayyaf Group leader Khadafi Janjalani to 

be used in bombings and other criminal acts 

throughout Mindanao. In February 2007, 

Mundos escaped from a Kidapawan provincial 

jail. Because of his leadership position in the 

Abu Sayyaf Group, whose terrorist attacks 

have resulted in the death of US and Filipino 

citizens, US authorities consider Mundos 

to be a threat to US and Filipino citizens 

and interests. 

Mundos is believed to be hiding in southern 

Mindanao. 

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

94 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 November

www.nctc.gov 95

1985, Colombia: More than 100 die in M-19 seizure of Supreme Court building Sunday

7

30 Dhu al-Qa‘dah

1987, United Kingdom: Thirteen killed by PIRA bomb during Remembrance Day celebration Monday

8

1 Dhu al-Hijjah, A.H. 1431

2005, Jordan: Three near-simultaneous bomb attacks against Western hotels in Amman kill more than 50, 

injure 110; al-Qa‘ida in Iraq claims responsibility

2003, Saudi Arabia: Eighteen killed, 122 injured in bomb attack on residential compound in Riyadh 

Tuesday

9

2 Dhu al-Hijjah

Wednesday

10

3 Dhu al-Hijjah

2000, Kuwait: Seven arrested in crackdown on groups planning to bomb US military targets Thursday

11

US: Veterans Day 4 Dhu al-Hijjah

2003, Iraq: Italian Carabinieri barracks bombed, killing four Iraqi citizens; no claim of responsibility

1997, Pakistan: Four US citizens and one Pakistani driver killed in Karachi ambush Friday

12

5 Dhu al-Hijjah

1995, Saudi Arabia: Car bomb at US military advisors’ facility in Riyadh kills seven, wounds more than 60; 

Saudis with ties to Bin Ladin arrested Saturday

13

6 Dhu al-Hijjah
www.rewardsforjustice.net

Radullan Sahiron

Up to $1 Million Reward

wanted

Radullan Sahiron is a senior leader of the 

Philippines-based Abu Sayyaf Group. 

The group split from the much larger Moro 

National Liberation Front in the early 

1990s under the leadership of Abdurajak 

Abubakar Janjalani, who was killed in a 

clash with Philippine police in December 

1998. Abdurajak Janjalani’s younger brother, 

Khadafi Janjalani, replaced him as the 

nominal leader of the group. In September 

2006, Khadafi Janjalani was killed in a 

gun battle with the armed forces of the 

Philippines. Radullan Sahiron is assumed to 

be the new ASG leader. 

Many innocent men, women, and children 

have died or have been seriously injured as a 

result of Sahiron’s actions. Sahiron played a 

role in the May 2001 Dos Palmas kidnapping 

of three US citizens—Martin and Gracia 

Burnham and Guillermo Sobero—and 

17 Filipinos from a tourist resort in Palawan, 

Philippines. Several of the hostages, including 

Sobero, were murdered. 

Sahiron is believed to be hiding in southern 

Mindanao, where he continues to plot terror 

schemes that affect many communities. 

Because of his leadership position within the 

ASG, whose terrorist attacks have resulted 

in the deaths of US and Filipino citizens, US 

authorities consider Sahiron to be a threat to 

US and Filipino citizens and interests. 

Sahiron lost his right hand fighting security 

forces in the 1970s. He is fluent in Arabic 

and Tausug.

Reward

If you have any information concerning 

this person, please contact your local FBI 

office if you are in the United States, or the 

nearest US Embassy or Consulate. If you 

prefer to use E-mail, send your information 

to rfj@state.gov. If you prefer to use the 

telephone, please call 1-800-US REWARDS.

96 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 November

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

www.nctc.gov 97

2002, US: Mir Amal Kansi executed for 1993 murder of two CIA employees Sunday

14

7 Dhu al-Hijjah

1983, Greece: US Navy Captain George Tsantes killed in Athens; 17 November responsible Monday

15

Islamic: Al-Hajj (the Pilgrimage) begins 8 Dhu al-Hijjah

Tuesday

16

9 Dhu al-Hijjah

1997, Egypt: Al-Gama‘at al-Islamiyya attack at Temple of Hatshepsut in Luxor leaves 71 dead 

1973, Greece: Student uprising quashed by military and riot police, multiple dead and injured; 17 November 

takes its name from this incident

Wednesday

17

Islamic: Eid al-Adha (Festival of Sacrifice) 10 Dhu al-Hijjah

2000, Philippines: Car bomb explodes in Carmen, killing one and wounding two; grenade wounds three more in 

Isulan; MILF suspected Thursday

18

11 Dhu al-Hijjah

1995, Pakistan: Egyptian Embassy in Islamabad bombed by EIJ Friday

19

Islamic: Al-Hajj (the Pilgrimage) ends 12 Dhu al-Hijjah

2003, Turkey: Vehicle explodes in front of British Consulate General, killing 30 and wounding 450; al-Qa‘ida 

claims responsibility 

2000, Gaza: Roadside bomb targeting Israeli school bus kills two and wounds 10; HAMAS responsible

Saturday

20

13 Dhu al-Hijjah
Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade

Al-Aqsa cells operate with autonomy. 

There are multiple splinter factions, though 

they remained ideologically loyal to 

Palestinian Authority (PA) President ‘Arafat 

until his death in 2004. Many al-Aqsa cells 

suspended anti-Israeli attacks as part of 

the broader unilateral Palestinian cease-fire 

agreement during 2005. Others did not, 

however, highlighting the absence of central 

leadership or control. 

After the June 2007 HAMAS takeover of 

the Gaza Strip, al-Aqsa Martyrs cells in the 

territory stepped up rocket attacks against 

Israel. However, the group’s attacks have 

largely diminished since the end of Israel’s 

Operation Cast Lead in January 2009 because 

of HAMAS’s efforts to enforce a cease-fire. 

Media reports claim Iran provides support 

to various al-Aqsa cells in an effort to sustain 

anti-Israeli attacks. 

In 2007 and 2008, more than 200 West 

Bank al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade elements 

participated in an Israeli-Palestinian Authority 

amnesty program in which they promised 

to cease anti-Israeli violence and surrender 

their weapons. By August 2009, however, 

the program remained fragile and threatened 

to lose credibility with participants because 

of Israeli incursions in the West Bank that 

targeted al-Aqsa members, and Israel’s 

significant bureaucratic delays in processing 

amnesty requests.

The al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade comprises an 

unknown number of small cells of Fatahaffiliated activists that emerged at the outset 

of the second Palestinian uprising, or al-Aqsa 

Intifadah, in September 2000. Al-Aqsa’s goal 

is to drive the Israeli military and settlers from 

the West Bank and establish a Palestinian 

state loyal to the secular nationalist Fatah 

ideology. Al-Aqsa employed primarily 

small-arms attacks against Israeli military 

personnel and settlers as the uprising spread 

in 2000, but by 2002 it turned increasingly 

to suicide bombings against Israeli civilians 

inside Israel. In January 2002, the group 

claimed responsibility for the first female 

suicide bombing inside Israel. After a deadly 

al-Aqsa bombing in March 2002, the United 

States designated the group a Foreign Terrorist 

Organization.

Al-Aqsa members are operationally more 

active in the Gaza Strip but also plan and 

conduct attacks inside Israel and the West 

Bank. The group has killed US citizens, 

most of them dual US-Israeli citizens, in its 

attacks. It has members in refugee camps 

in southern Lebanon and overseas but has 

not demonstrated the capability or intent to 

conduct transnational terrorist attacks. 

cAl-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade logo

98 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 November

www.nctc.gov 99

2002, Lebanon: Female US citizen shot as she enters church-run facility in Sidon; ‘Asbat al-Ansar suspected 

2000, Sri Lanka: LTTE starts “Heroes Week” with grenade attack on army patrol, killing two civilians and 

wounding two 

Sunday

21

14 Dhu al-Hijjah

1979, Pakistan: False rumors of US takeover of Grand Mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, fuel Islamic militants’ 

attack on US Embassy in Islamabad Monday

22

15 Dhu al-Hijjah

1996, Comoros Islands: Hijacked Ethiopian plane crashes, killing 127 including one American 

1985, Greece: Egyptian plane hijacked to Malta; 56 killed during attempted rescue; ANO responsible Tuesday

23

16 Dhu al-Hijjah

2000, India: Gunman kills six Hindu, four Sikh bus passengers; LT blamed Wednesday

24

17 Dhu al-Hijjah

1984, Portugal: US Embassy hit by four mortar rounds; 25 April Movement responsible Thursday

25

US: Thanksgiving Day 18 Dhu al-Hijjah

2008, India: Terrorists attack several sites in Mumbai; sieges end three days later with more than 170 dead and 

300 wounded; surviving attacker says LT responsible

2000, Israel: Hizballah bomb attack kills one soldier and wounds two others near Shab‘a Farms area

Friday

26

19 Dhu al-Hijjah

Saturday

27

20 Dhu al-Hijjah
‘Asbat al-Ansar

group have traveled to Iraq to fight Coalition 

forces. Jihadist Web sites criticized ‘Asbat 

for its failure to support Fatah al-Islam 

(FAI), another al-Qa‘ida-associated group 

operating in northern Lebanon, during FAI’s 

confrontation with the Lebanese Armed 

Forces (LAF) in the summer of 2007. ‘Asbat 

in December 2008 issued a fatwa outlawing 

fighting with the LAF. The Lebanese 

Government outlawed ‘Asbat al-Ansar 

in 2002.

‘Asbat al-Ansar––the Partisans League––

is a Lebanon-based Sunni extremist 

group located primarily in the ‘Ayn al-Hilwah 

Palestinian refugee camp near Sidon in 

southern Lebanon. The group is led by 

Ahmad ‘Abd al-Karim al-Sa‘di, alias Abu 

Mihjin, who in 1991 assumed leadership when 

founder Hisham al-Shuraydi was assassinated. 

Abu Mihjin, whose current location is 

unknown, was sentenced to death in absentia 

in Lebanon for assassinating four judges 

and the former head of the Association of 

Islamic Charitable Projects in Lebanon. ‘Asbat 

al-Ansar has fewer than 2,000 members, 

mostly of Palestinian descent. The group is 

ideologically in line with al-Qa‘ida but has no 

formal organizational ties to the group. 

Adhering to an extremist interpretation 

of Islam that justifies violence against 

civilian targets to achieve political ends, 

‘Asbat al-Ansar’s goals include overthrowing 

the Lebanese Government and thwarting 

perceived anti-Islamic influences in the 

country. ‘Asbat al-Ansar has carried out 

several terrorist attacks in Lebanon since 

it first emerged in the early 1990s. The 

group has publicly proclaimed its support 

for al-Qa‘ida in Iraq, and members of the 

100 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 November/December

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

www.nctc.gov 101

2002, Kenya: Three suicide bombers drive vehicle into front of Paradise Hotel in Mombasa, killing 15 and 

wounding 40; al-Qa‘ida and other groups claim responsibility 

2000, India: Sixteen killed, 25 wounded in widespread terrorist incidents in Jammu and Kashmir; 

Hizb‐ul‐Mujahedin claims responsibility

Sunday

28

21 Dhu al-Hijjah

1987, South Korea: Korean Airlines flight 858 blown up over Andaman Sea near Burma by two North Korean 

agents; all 115 passengers killed Monday

29

22 Dhu al-Hijjah

1989, Germany: Alfred Herrhausen, head of Deutsche Bank AG, assassinated; Red Army Faction suspected Tuesday

30

23 Dhu al-Hijjah

2001, Israel: Two suicide bombers detonate explosives in Jerusalem mall, killing 10 and wounding 120; HAMAS 

claims responsibility 

1997, India arrests Ghulam Nabi Baba, leader of Harakat-ul-Ansar, accused of involvement in kidnapping of 

six Western tourists

Wednesday

1

24 Dhu al-Hijjah

1983, Spain: Basque group Iraultza bombs eight US facilities in Spanish Basque territory to protest 

US involvement in Central America Thursday

2

Jewish: Hanukkah (Festival of Lights, 1st day) 25 Dhu al-Hijjah

1984, United Arab Emirates: Hizballah’s Islamic Jihad Organization hijacks plane bound for Tehran; 

two US officials killed Friday

3

Jewish: Hanukkah (Festival of Lights, 2nd day) 26 Dhu al-Hijjah

2000, Israel: Awad Selmi, senior HAMAS leader on wanted list, killed during terrorist mission Saturday

4

Jewish: Hanukkah (Festival of Lights, 3rd day) 27 Dhu al-Hijjah
AQIM mainly employs conventional 

terrorist tactics, including guerrilla-style 

ambushes and mortar, rocket, and IED 

attacks. The group added the use of suicide 

bombings in April 2007, with attacks against 

government ministry and police buildings in 

Algiers that killed more than 30 people. AQIM 

leader Abdelmalek Droukdal announced in 

May 2007 that suicide bombings will become 

the group’s main tactic. The group claimed 

responsibility for a suicide truck bomb attack 

that killed at least eight soldiers and injured 

more than 20 at a military barracks in Algeria 

on 11 July 2007, the opening day of the 

All-Africa Games. AQIM continues to target 

Westerners and has successfully kidnapped 

numerous Westerners for ransom, a tactic that 

predates the merger with al-Qa‘ida. In May 

2009, AQIM announced it had killed a British 

hostage after months of failed negotiations. 

The group publicly claimed responsibility for 

killing an American citizen in Mauritania 

because of his missionary activities. This was 

the first time the group has killed an American 

in North Africa. 

AQIM operates primarily in northern 

coastal areas of Algeria and in parts of 

the desert regions of southern Algeria and 

northern Mali. Its principal sources of funding 

include extortion, kidnapping, donations, and 

narcotics trafficking.

Al-Qa‘ida in the Lands of the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM)

AQIM is an Algeria-based Sunni Muslim 

jihadist group that originally formed in 

1998 as the Salafist Group for Preaching and 

Combat (GSPC), a faction of the Armed 

Islamic Group, which was the largest and 

most active terrorist group in Algeria. The 

GSPC was renamed in January 2007 after the 

group officially joined al-Qa‘ida in September 

2006. The GSPC had close to 30,000 members 

at its height, but the Algerian Government’s 

counterterrorism efforts have reduced the 

group’s ranks to fewer than 1,000. 

Since the 1990s, the group has focused most 

of its attacks on Algerian security personnel 

and facilities to achieve its primary goal of 

overthrowing the Algerian Government and 

establishing an Islamic caliphate. Following 

its formal alliance with al-Qa‘ida, AQIM 

expanded its aims and declared its intention 

to attack Western targets. In late 2006 and 

early 2007, it conducted several improvised 

explosive device (IED) attacks against convoys 

of foreign nationals working in the energy 

sector. AQIM in December 2007 attacked 

United Nations offices in Algiers with a car 

bomb and in February 2008 attacked the 

Israeli Embassy in Nouakchott, Mauritania, 

with small arms. 

eAQIM logo

102 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 December

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

www.nctc.gov 103

2000, Jordan: Ra‘id Hijazi sentenced to death for planning Millennium attacks against US and Israeli targets Sunday

5

Jewish: Hanukkah (Festival of Lights, 4th day) 28 Dhu al-Hijjah

2000, Sri Lanka: Suspected LTTE landmine attack kills four bus passengers and wounds 21 Monday

6

Jewish: Hanukkah (Festival of Lights, 5th day) 29 Dhu al-Hijjah

Tuesday

7

Jewish: Hanukkah (Festival of Lights, 6th day) 30 Dhu al-Hijjah

2000, Yemen: Muhammad al-Harazi and Jamal al-Badawi named as prime suspects in USS Cole bombing Wednesday

8

Islamic: First of Muharram (Islamic New Year, A.H. 1432)

Jewish: Hanukkah (Festival of Lights, 7th day) 1 Muharram, A.H. 1432

1999, UN General Assembly adopts International Convention for the Suppression of Financing Terrorism Thursday

9

Jewish: Hanukkah (Festival of Lights, 8th day) 2 Muharram

Friday

10

3 Muharram

2007, Algeria: Two car bombs in Algiers kill at least 60, including 10 UN personnel, injure more than 170; 

al-Qa‘ida in the Lands of the Islamic Maghreb claims responsibility Saturday

11

4 Muharram
Al-Qa‘ida in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP)

responsibility for the attack and, in its first 

Internet statement in November 2006, 

vowed to conduct further attacks. Al-Qa‘ida 

second-in-command Ayman al-Zawahiri in 

a statement in December 2006 congratulated 

AQY and encouraged additional attacks. 

AQY in early 2008 dramatically increased 

its operational tempo, carrying out smallarms attacks on foreign tourists and a series 

of mortar attacks against the US Embassy in 

Sanaa, Yemeni military complexes, the Italian 

Embassy, and the Presidential Compound. 

An al-Qa‘ida-affiliated group calling itself 

Jund al-Yaman (Soldiers of Yemen) issued 

a number of statements throughout 2008 

claiming responsibility for the attacks on 

behalf of AQY. In September 2008 the group 

conducted its largest attack to date, targeting 

the US Embassy in Sanaa using two vehicle 

bombs that detonated outside the compound, 

killing 19 people, including six terrorists. 

Since the group’s renaming in January, 

AQAP has carried out two attacks. An AQAP 

suicide bomber on 15 March attacked a 

group of South Korean tourists, killing four; 

three days later, a second suicide bomber 

attacked a convoy carrying the South Korean 

investigative team, though he succeeded only 

in killing himself.

AQAP is based primarily in the tribal areas 

outside of Sanaa, which for the most part 

remain outside the control of the Yemeni 

Government.

Yemen-based al-Qa‘ida in the Arabian 

Peninsula emerged in January 2009 

following an announcement that unified 

Yemeni and Saudi operatives under a common 

banner and signaled the group’s intention to 

serve as a hub for regional operations targeting 

government and Western interests both in 

Yemen and Saudi Arabia. The leadership of 

this new organization was composed of the 

group’s amir, Nasir al-Wahishi, and military 

commander Qasim al-Rimi, both veteran 

Yemeni extremist leaders, as well as two 

Saudis, one of whom surrendered to Saudi 

authorities in February. 

AQAP’s predecessor, al-Qa‘ida in 

Yemen (AQY), emerged after the escape 

of 23 al-Qa‘ida members from a Political 

Security prison in the Yemeni capital, Sanaa, 

in February 2006. Several escapees helped 

reestablish the group and later identified 

fellow escapee al-Wahishi as the group’s 

new amir. 

AQY operatives conducted nearsimultaneous suicide attacks in September 

2006 against separate oil facilities in Yemen, 

the first large-scale attack by the group since 

the prison escape. The group later claimed 

104 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 December

Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. 

Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise.

www.nctc.gov 105

1997, Egypt: Security forces kill ‘Abd al-Hafiz, al-Gama‘at al-Islamiyya leader responsible for Luxor attack 

1983, Kuwait: US and French Embassies bombed, killing six and injuring 80; Hizballah responsible Sunday

12

5 Muharram

2001, India: Parliament bombed, killing 13; Lashkar-e-Tayyiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed are responsible Monday

13

6 Muharram

1987, West Bank: Founding of the Islamic Resistance Movement (HAMAS) by Shaykh Ahmad Yasin Tuesday

14

7 Muharram

Wednesday

15

8 Muharram

1983, United Kingdom: PIRA bombs Harrods department store in London, killing nine including one US citizen, 

and injuring 91 others Thursday

16

9 Muharram

1996, Peru: MRTA rebels take 700 hostages at the Japanese Ambassador’s residence in Lima; all rebels killed in 

successful rescue Friday

17

Islamic: Ashura (primarily Shia; marks martyrdom of the Prophet’s grandson, Husayn) 10 Muharram

1999, Sri Lanka: Suicide bomber at election rally kills 23 and wounds 100, including the President; bomb attack 

at opposition rally kills 11; LTTE blamed in both cases Saturday

18

11 Muharram
Al-Shabaab

from disparate clans, and the group is 

continually susceptible to clan politics, 

internal divisions, and shifting alliances. 

While most of its fighters are predominantly 

interested in the nationalistic battle against 

the TFG and not supportive of global jihad, 

al-Shabaab’s senior leadership is affiliated 

with al-Qa‘ida, and certain extremists 

aligned with al-Shabaab are believed to 

have trained and fought in Afghanistan. 

Al-Shabaab has issued statements praising 

Usama Bin Ladin and linking Somalia 

to al-Qa‘ida’s global operations. The 

group has claimed responsibility for many 

bombings—including various types of 

suicide attacks—in Mogadishu and in central 

and northern Somalia, typically targeting 

Somali government officials and perceived 

allies of the TFG. Al-Shabaab’s leaders also 

have ordered their fighters to attack African 

Union (AU) peace-keeping troops based in 

Mogadishu. Al-Shabaab is responsible for 

the assassination of Somali peace activists, 

international aid workers, numerous civil 

society figures, and journalists.

The Harakat Shabaab al-Mujahidin 

(al-Shabaab)—also known as al-Shabaab, 

Shabaab, the Youth, Mujahidin al-Shabaab 

Movement, Mujahideen Youth Movement, 

Mujahidin Youth Movement, and other 

names and variations—was the militant wing 

of the Somalia Council of Islamic Courts 

that took over most of southern Somalia in 

the second half of 2006. Although the Somali 

government and Ethiopian forces routed the 

group in a two-week war between December 

2006 and January 2007, al-Shabaab has 

continued its violent insurgency in southern 

and central Somalia. The group has gained 

control of many parts of southern and 

central Somalia by using guerrilla warfare 

and terrorist tactics against the Transitional 

Federal Government (TFG) of Somalia and 

its allies, African Union peacekeepers, and 

nongovernmental aid organizations. 

On 29 February 2008, the US Government 

designated al-Shabaab as a Foreign 

Terrorist Organization under Section 219 

of the Immigration and Nationality Act 

(as amended) and as a Specially Designated 

Global Terrorist under Section 1(b) of 

Executive Order 13224 (as amended). 

Al-Shabaab’s rank-and-file members come 

cAl-Shabaab logo

106 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010 December

www.nctc.gov 107

1998, Philippines: Libyan-trained ASG leader Abdurajak Abubaker Janjalani dies in gunfight with authorities on 

Basilan Island Sunday

19

12 Muharram

1999, Ecuador: Seven Canadians and one US hostage freed by FARC Monday

20

13 Muharram

2007, Pakistan: Suicide bomber kills at least 50 in mosque near Peshawar. Outgoing interior minister believed 

targeted; no immediate claim of responsibility

1988, United Kingdom: Pan Am Flight 103 destroyed by bomb over Lockerbie, Scotland; all 259 passengers and 

11 on ground killed; Libya responsible 

1975, Austria: “Carlos the Jackal” kidnaps 11 OPEC ministers in Vienna; three die

Tuesday

21

14 Muharram

2000, West Bank: HAMAS suicide bombing at restaurant near Mehola kills one and wounds three 

Israeli soldiers Wednesday

22

15 Muharram

1975, Greece: US diplomat Richard Welch killed by gunmen in Athens; 17 November terrorist 

group responsible Thursday

23

16 Muharram

1997, France: “Carlos the Jackal” sentenced to life in prison for three murders in 1975 Friday

24

US: Christmas (observed) 17 Muharram

2000, India: Suicide car bomber kills 11 and wounds more than 20 near Army zone in Srinagar; 

Jamiat-ul-Mujahedin claims responsibility; blast coincides with bomb attacks in Pakistan that injured 37 Saturday

25

Christian: Christmas (Roman Catholic, Protestant, and new-calendar Orthodox) 18 Muharram
Ansar al-Islam (AI)

commander, Mullah Halgurd, were arrested. 

The loss of Halgurd could disrupt the group’s 

operational capabilities and ability to recruit; 

in the near-term al-Shafi’i and other remaining 

leaders will work to fill Halgurd’s duties and 

responsibilities. 

AI operates primarily in northern Iraq and 

consistently claims the second-largest number 

of Sunni jihadist attacks in Iraq behind AQI. 

The group regularly targets Coalition forces, 

Iraqi Government and security forces, and 

Iraqi political parties, including the suicide 

bombing of a US military dining facility 

in Mosul in December 2004 that killed 

22 US and Coalition soldiers. AI continues 

to conduct and claim responsibility for car 

bombings, assassinations, and kidnappings 

in Iraq.

Ansar al-Islam, formerly known as Ansar 

al-Sunna (AS), is a Sunni extremist 

group of Iraqi Kurds and Arabs intent on 

establishing a Salafi Islamic state in Iraq under 

sharia, a strict interpretation of Qur‘anic 

instruction. AI has worked in the past with alQa‘ida senior leadership and al-Qa‘ida in Iraq 

(AQI), and it has carried out joint operations 

in Iraq. Some AI members trained in alQa‘ida camps in Afghanistan, and the group 

provided safehaven to al-Qa‘ida fighters in 

northern Iraq before Operation Iraqi Freedom 

commenced in March 2003.

Ansar al-Sunna leader Abu ‘Abdallah 

al-Shafi‘i in December 2007 announced that 

the group was reverting to its original name of 

Ansar al-Islam, previously used from the time 

of its establishment in 2001 until mid-2003. 

Al-Shafi‘i claimed the change was intended to 

signify a consolidation of the group’s Salafi 

jihadist principles. It may have also been 

an attempt to distance itself from members 

of AS who, in May 2007, announced an 

agreement with the Islamic Army in Iraq and 

the Army of the Mujahidin to form a united 

group called “The Jihad and Reformation 

Front.” In late July 2009, several AI members, 

including the group’s deputy and operational 

108 Counterterrorism 2010 
2010/2011 December/January

www.nctc.gov 109

1994, France: Paratroopers storm hijacked Air France jet in Marseilles, killing hijackers and freeing passengers Sunday

26

US: Kwanzaa 19 Muharram

2007, Pakistan: Former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto assassinated after campaign rally in Rawalpindi; al-Qa‘ida 

claims responsibility

2002, Chechnya: Suicide bombers detonate two explosives-filled trucks at Chechnya’s pro-Moscow government 

building, killing 72 and wounding 210 

1985, Italy and Austria: ANO group attacks Rome and Vienna airports; 18 dead and 121 wounded

Monday

27

20 Muharram

1972, Thailand: Black September takes hostages and seizes Israeli Embassy; hostages released in return for 

safe conduct Tuesday

28

21 Muharram

2000, Colombia: Peace advocate Diego Turbay and six others killed in FARC ambush Wednesday

29

22 Muharram

2000, Philippines: Series of bombs in Manila kills 16 and injures at least 30; ASG suspected Thursday

30

23 Muharram

2000, West Bank: Right-wing extremist Binyamin Kahane and wife killed in ambush by Intifada Martyrs Friday

31

US: New Year’s Day (observed)

New Year’s Eve 24 Muharram

2009, India: Serial explosions in Guwahati kill five and injure 67; United Liberation Front of Asom 

believed responsible

2001, Israel: HAMAS suicide car bomb wounds 54 in Netanya 

1964, Israel: PLO founded

Saturday

1

New Year’s Day 25 Muharram
cHAMAS logo

HAMAS (Islamic Resistance Movement)

Israeli civilian targets, as well as small-arms 

attacks, improvised roadside explosives, 

and the launching of al-Qassam and Grad 

rockets into Israel. HAMAS continues to 

claim its right to confront Israel violently but 

has never deliberately attacked US targets. 

While the group receives some support 

from foreign countries and movements, it 

remains independent. 

In early 2006 HAMAS won legislative 

elections in the Palestinian territories, 

ending the secular Fatah party’s hold on 

the Palestinian Authority and challenging 

Fatah’s leadership of the Palestinian national 

movement. HAMAS continues its refusal 

to recognize Israel or renounce violence 

against Israelis and, over the past few years, 

has conducted one suicide bombing, which 

killed one civilian, and numerous mortar 

and rocket attacks that injured civilians. The 

US Government has designated HAMAS as 

a Foreign Terrorist Organization. 

HAMAS in June 2008 entered into a sixmonth agreement for calm with Israel that 

significantly reduced rocket attacks. Following 

the temporary calm, HAMAS resumed 

its rocket attacks, which precipitated the 

launching of a major military operation by 

Israel on 27 December 2008. After destroying 

much of HAMAS’s infrastructure in the Gaza 

Strip, Israel declared a unilateral cease-fire on 

18 January 2009. HAMAS has since worked 

to rein in attacks from other groups and 

enforce the cease-fire, though sporadic lowlevel attacks against Israeli forces along the 

Gaza border have continued. 

HAMAS formed in late 1987 at the 

beginning of the first Palestinian Intifada 

(uprising). Its roots are in the Palestinian 

branch of the Muslim Brotherhood, and 

it is supported by a robust social/political 

structure inside the Palestinian territories. 

HAMAS has used various forms of violence—

including high-profile terrorist attacks against 

Israeli civilian targets—designed to disrupt 

peace talks between Israeli and Palestinian 

officials and prevent agreements aimed at 

ending the conflict. The group’s charter calls 

for establishing an Islamic Palestinian state in 

place of Israel and rejects all agreements made 

between the PLO and Israel. More recently, 

HAMAS has publicly expressed a willingness 

to accept a long-term cessation of hostilities 

against Israel if Israel agrees to a Palestinian 

state based on the 1967 borders, with 

Jerusalem as its capital. HAMAS’s strength is 

concentrated in the Gaza Strip and areas of 

the West Bank.

HAMAS has a paramilitary arm, the Izz 

al-Din al-Qassam Brigades, which, beginning 

in the 1990s and up to the present, has 

conducted many anti-Israeli attacks in Israel 

and the Palestinian territories. These have 

included large-scale terrorist bombings against 

110 Counterterrorism 2010 
2011 January

www.nctc.gov 111

2008, Algeria: Bomb attack on police station in Naciria kills four, wounds more than 20; al-Qa‘ida in the 

Lands of the Islamic Maghreb claims responsibility Sunday

2

26 Muharram

Monday

3

27 Muharram

Tuesday

4

28 Muharram

2003, Israel: Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade’s simultaneous suicide attacks kill 23, wound 107 

1996, Gaza Strip: HAMAS bomb maker Yahya Ayyash (“The Engineer”) killed by booby-trapped cell phone Wednesday

5

29 Muharram

1963, Colombia: National Liberation Army (ELN) founded Thursday

6

30 Muharram

Friday

7

1 Safar, A.H. 1432

1998, US: Ramzi Ahmed Yousef sentenced to life plus 240 years for 1993 World Trade Center bombings Saturday

8

2 Safar
Islamic Jihad Union (IJU)

insurgency. The date of the July attack 

corresponded with the trial of individuals 

arrested for their alleged participation in the 

April 2004 attacks. 

In September 2007, German authorities 

detained three IJU operatives, disrupting an 

IJU plot against unidentified US or Western 

facilities in Germany. The operatives had 

acquired about 700 kg of hydrogen peroxide 

and an explosives precursor, which was 

enough raw material to make the equivalent 

of approximately 1,200 lbs of TNT. The IJU 

subsequently claimed responsibility for the 

foiled plot. The three operatives, along with a 

fourth man detained several months later in 

Turkey, were put on trial in Germany in 2009. 

Turkish authorities in April 2009 seized 

weapons and detained extremists with ties to 

the group. The IJU claimed responsibility for 

the May 2009 attacks in the Andijon region 

of Uzbekistan that killed one policeman. 

IJU members are scattered throughout 

Central Asia and parts of South Asia, 

including Afghanistan, where the group has 

claimed responsibility for attacks against 

Coalition forces. 

The Islamic Jihad Union—also known 

as al-Djihad al-Islami, Dzhamaat 

Modzhakhedov, and the Islamic Jihad Group 

of Uzbekistan, among other names—is an 

extremist organization that splintered from the 

Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan. It adheres 

to an anti-Western ideology, opposes secular 

rule in Uzbekistan, and seeks to replace the 

current regime with a government based on 

Islamic law. 

The group first conducted attacks in April 

2004, targeting a popular bazaar and police 

at several roadway checkpoints. These attacks 

killed approximately 47 people, including 

33 terrorists, some of whom were suicide 

bombers. These attacks marked the first use 

of suicide bombers in Central Asia. The 

IJU’s claim of responsibility, which was 

posted to multiple militant Islamic Web sites, 

denounced the leadership of Uzbekistan. 

In July 2004 the group struck again, with 

near-simultaneous suicide bombings of the 

US and Israeli Embassies and the Uzbekistani 

Prosecutor General’s office in Tashkent. 

The IJU again claimed responsibility via an 

Islamic Web site and stated that martyrdom 

operations by the group would continue. The 

statement also indicated that the attacks were 

committed in support of IJU’s Palestinian, 

Iraqi, and Afghan brothers in the global 

112 Counterterrorism 2010 
2011 January

www.nctc.gov 113

2001, Colombia: Army rescues 56 hostages from ELN; group captures 15 more and kills one Sunday

9

3 Safar

Monday

10

4 Safar

Tuesday

11

5 Safar

2007, Greece: Rocket-propelled grenade attack against US Embassy in Athens, no injuries reported; 

Revolutionary Struggle claims responsibility

2000, Turkey: Execution of PKK leader Abdullah Ocalan stayed

Wednesday

12

6 Safar

Thursday

13

7 Safar

2004, Gaza Strip: First female HAMAS suicide bomber kills four, wounds 10 at Erez Crossing Friday

14

8 Safar

2002, West Bank: Palestinian militia leader Ra‘id al-Karmi killed by bomb outside his home; Israel implicated Saturday

15

9 Safar
many lethal terrorist attacks, including a 

suicide bombing of the Jammu and Kashmir 

legislative assembly building in the Indianadministered Kashmir capital of Srinagar in 

October 2001 that killed more than 30. In July 

2004, Pakistani authorities arrested a JEM 

member wanted in connection with the 2002 

abduction and murder of US journalist Daniel 

Pearl. In 2006 JEM claimed responsibility 

for a number of attacks, including the killing 

of several Indian police officials in Srinagar. 

JEM members also were involved in the 

2007 Red Mosque uprising in Islamabad. In 

2009, Pakistani authorities detained several 

JEM members suspected of taking part in a 

3 March attack on the Sri Lankan cricket team 

in Lahore. 

In June 2008, JEM reportedly was working 

to resolve its differences with other Pakistani 

extremist groups and began shifting its focus 

from Kashmir to Afghanistan in order to step 

up attacks against US and Coalition forces. 

Factions of JEM, in conjunction with other 

regional groups, may conduct attacks against 

Western interests in Pakistan as well as attack 

Pakistani Government entities. 

JEM has at least several hundred armed 

supporters located in Pakistan, India’s 

southern Kashmir and Doda regions, and in 

the Kashmir Valley. Supporters are mostly 

Pakistanis and Kashmiris, but also include 

Afghans and Arab veterans of the Afghan war 

against the Soviets. The group uses machine 

guns, assault rifles, mortars, improvised 

explosive devices, and rocket-propelled 

grenades in its attacks.

Jaish-e-Mohammed (JEM)

J

aish-e-Mohammed (JEM)—also known as 

the Army of Mohammed, Khudamul Islam, 

and Tehrik ul-Furqaan among other names—

is an extremist group based in Pakistan. 

It was founded by 

Masood Azhar in early 

2000 upon his release 

from prison in India. 

The group’s aim is to 

unite Kashmir with 

Pakistan and to expel 

foreign troops from 

Afghanistan, and JEM 

has openly declared war 

against the United States. Pakistan outlawed 

JEM in 2002, and by 2003 JEM had splintered 

into Khuddam ul-Islam (KUI), headed by 

Azhar, and Jamaat ul-Furqan (JUF), led by 

Abdul Jabbar. Abdul Jabbar was detained 

for suspected involvement in the December 

2003 assassination attempts against President 

Pervez Musharraf, but was released from 

Pakistani custody in August 2004. Pakistan 

banned KUI and JUF in November 2003. 

JEM continues to operate openly in 

parts of Pakistan despite the 2002 ban on 

its activities. Since JEM founder Masood 

Azhar’s release in 2000, JEM has conducted 

cJaish-e-Mohammed flag

cMasood Azhar

114 Counterterrorism 2010 
cKongra-Gel flag

Kongra-Gel (KGK)

operating in Germany. In early 2008 Germany 

convicted two KGK members on terrorism 

charges. Using the KGK-affiliated Firat News 

Agency Web site, in late February 2008 TAK 

announced a new wave of terrorist actions 

against Turkey; the announcement was similar 

to the group’s March 2007 statement that it 

would continue targeting Turkish tourist sites, 

specifically citing the February 2007 arrests of 

KGK members in Europe and warning that 

“we [TAK] are going in particular to target 

European tourists.” 

In 2009, KGK continued to observe its 

self-imposed unilateral cease-fire. Ocalan 

announced that in August he would reveal 

details of a road map to peace with Turkey, 

but few details of the plan have been 

made public. 

Kongra-Gel, formerly the Kurdistan 

Workers’ Party (PKK), is a Kurdish 

separatist group primarily active in part 

of northern Iraq and southern Turkey. 

Composed mostly of Turkish Kurds, the group 

in 1984 began a campaign of armed violence, 

including terrorism, which has since resulted 

in over 30,000 deaths. The KGK’s stated goal 

is to create an independent Kurdish state. 

Historically, KGK has directed members 

to target mainly Turkish security forces, 

government offices, and villagers who opposed 

the group; however, KGK’s imprisoned leader, 

Abdullah Ocalan, publicly called for a KGK 

“unilateral cease-fire” in October 2006, which 

in practice meant stopping terrorist attacks 

and limiting violence to “defensive” attacks 

against Turkish soldiers and security forces. 

Despite the unilateral cease-fire, attacks 

continued in response to Turkish security 

operations against the group. In particular, the 

KGK-affiliated Kurdistan Freedom Hawks 

(TAK) began using terrorist tactics—including 

suicide bombings—and targeting tourist 

destinations in 2005 in order to damage the 

Turkish economy. The KGK in July 2008 

kidnapped three German tourists on Mount 

Ararat, Turkey, in retaliation for German 

actions against the group, including banning 

KGK’s primary media outlet, Roj-TV, from 

www.nctc.gov 115
Lashkar-e-Tayyiba (LT or LeT)

attacks, including the 11 July 2006 attack 

on multiple Mumbai commuter trains that 

killed over 180 people and the December 

2001 armed assault on the Indian Parliament 

building that left 12 dead. 

LT’s actual size is unknown, but the group 

probably has several thousand members, 

predominantly Pakistani nationals seeking 

a united Kashmir under Pakistani rule. LT 

members have been arrested in Iraq and 

Afghanistan, and the group also recruits 

internationally, as evidenced by the indictment 

of 11 LT terrorists in Virginia in 2003. LT 

maintains facilities in Pakistan, including 

training camps, schools, and medical clinics. 

In March 2002, senior al-Qa‘ida lieutenant 

Abu Zubaydah was captured at an LT 

safehouse in Faisalabad, suggesting that 

some LT members may assist al-Qa‘ida. 

LT coordinates its charitable activities 

through its front organization, Jamaatud-Dawa (JUD), which spearheaded 

humanitarian relief to the victims of the 

October 2005 earthquake in Kashmir. JUD 

activities, however, have been limited since 

December 2008 by the UN’s designation of 

the group as an alias for LT. According to the 

Indian Government, LT/JUD is continuing 

to provide humanitarian aid—most recently 

to internally displaced persons in Pakistan—

through the charitable organization Falah-iInsaniyat Foundation. 

LT/JUD and its leader, Hafiz Saeed, 

continue to advocate armed jihad, and spread 

virulent rhetoric condemning the United 

States, India, Israel, and other perceived 

enemies.

LT, also known as Army of the Righteous, 

is one of the largest and most proficient 

of the Kashmiri-focused militant groups. LT 

formed in the early 1990s as the military wing 

of Markaz-ud-Dawa-wal-Irshad, a Pakistanbased Islamic fundamentalist missionary 

organization founded in the 1980s to oppose 

the Soviets in Afghanistan. Since 1993, LT has 

conducted numerous attacks against Indian 

troops and civilian targets in the disputed 

Jammu and Kashmir province, as well as 

several high-profile attacks inside India itself, 

and concern over new LT attacks in India 

remains high. The United States and United 

Nations have designated LT an international 

terrorist organization. The Pakistani 

Government banned the LT and froze its 

assets in 2002. In 2008 the US Treasury 

Department imposed sanctions on four senior 

LT leaders. 

The Indian Government implicated LT for 

the 26–29 November 2008 attacks in Mumbai, 

in which gunmen using automatic weapons 

and grenades attacked several sites, killing 

over 160 people. Pakistani authorities have 

detained and intend to prosecute several LT 

leaders for the Mumbai attacks. India also 

implicated the group for other high-profile 

cLashkar-e-Tayyiba flag

116 Counterterrorism 2010 
cFARC flag

cMono Joloy, highranking FARC member

Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) 

US defense contractors—Marc Gonsalves, 

Thomas Howes, and Keith Stansell—held 

since 2003, and former Colombian 

presidential candidate Ingrid Betancourt. 

A Colombian military operation on 1 March 

killed Raul Reyes, who was the FARC’s 

spokesman and a senior member of the 

seven-member Secretariat. On 7 March, 

another FARC Secretariat member, Ivan Rios, 

was killed by one of his own bodyguards. 

In addition, long-time FARC leader and 

co-founder Manuel Marulanda died on 

26 March of natural causes. In late May, 

Alfonso Cano was named as Marulanda’s 

successor. 

The FARC in March 2009 attempted to 

confront the Colombian Government with 

an offensive aimed at a wide range of military 

and civilian targets. Colombian security 

forces largely thwarted the attacks in another 

setback for the insurgent 

group. After raiding a 

FARC camp in July 2009, 

the Colombian military 

discovered several manportable antitank missiles 

that were manufactured 

in Sweden and sold 

to Venezuela in the 

late 1980s.

Established in 1964 as the military wing 

of the Colombian Communist Party, the 

Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia 

(Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarios de 

Colombia) is Latin America’s oldest, largest, 

most capable, and best-equipped insurgency 

of Marxist origin—although it only nominally 

fights in support of Marxist goals today. 

The FARC primarily operates in Colombia, 

with some activities—extortion, kidnapping, 

weapons sourcing, and logistics—in 

neighboring countries.

FARC tactics include bombings, murder, 

mortar attacks, kidnapping, extortion, and 

hijacking, as well as guerrilla and conventional 

military action against Colombian political, 

military, and economic targets. The FARC 

has well-documented ties to the full range 

of drug trafficking activities, including 

taxation, cultivation, and distribution. The 

group considers US persons to be legitimate 

military targets because of US support for the 

Colombian Government. 

The group had a number of significant 

setbacks in 2008. In a rescue operation on 

2 July, the Colombian Government freed 

15 FARC–held hostages, including three 

www.nctc.gov 117
Revolutionary People’s Liberation Party/Front (DHKP/C)

US commercial interests and Turkish Prime 

Minister Recep Erdogan. However, operations 

against the group and arrests of its members 

have weakened its capabilities. DHKP/C 

probably has several dozen terrorist operatives 

inside Turkey, with a large support network 

throughout Europe. In August 2008, the 

group’s leader, Dursun Karatas, died in 

the Netherlands. Turkish press reporting 

suggested his death might have initiated a 

leadership struggle within the organization. 

In 2009, DHKP/C engaged in limited 

operational activity against Turkish targets. 

In April, a DHKP/C member attempted to 

assassinate former Turkish Justice Minister 

Hikmet Sami Turk.

The Revolutionary People’s Liberation 

Party/Front (DHKP/C) was originally 

formed in 1978 as Devrimci Sol, or Dev Sol, 

a splinter faction of Dev Genc (Revolutionary 

Youth). It was renamed in 1994 after factional 

infighting. The group espouses a MarxistLeninist ideology and is vehemently anti-US, 

anti-NATO, and anti-Turkish establishment. 

Its goals are the founding of a socialist 

state and the abolition of one- to three-man 

prison cells, called F-type prisons, in Turkey. 

DHKP/C finances its activities chiefly 

through donations and extortion. 

Since the late 1980s the group has targeted 

primarily current and retired Turkish 

security and military officials. In the 1990s it 

began attacking foreign interests, including 

attacks against US military and diplomatic 

personnel and facilities. DHKP/C added 

suicide bombings to its tactics in 2001, with 

successful attacks against Turkish police in 

January and September. Since the end of 

2001, DHKP/C has typically used improvised 

explosive devices against official Turkish 

targets and soft US targets of opportunity; 

attacks against US targets beginning in 2003 

probably came in response to Operation Iraqi 

Freedom. In March 2008 three DHKP/C 

members were arrested in Istanbul while 

preparing terrorist attacks, probably against 

cDHKP/C flag

118 Counterterrorism 2010 
Bomb Threat Stand-Off Distances

Preferred area (beyond this line) for evacuation of people 

in buildings and mandatory for people outdoors. 

This table is for general emergency planning only. A given building’s vulnerability to explosions depends on its 

construction and composition. The data in these tables may not accurately reflect these variables. Some risk will 

remain for any persons closer than the Outdoor Evacuation Distance.

Outdoor Evacuation Distance

Building Evacuation Distance

Threat Description Explosives Capacity1

(TNT Equivalent)

Building 

Evacuation 

Distance2

Outdoor 

Evacuation 

Distance3

Pipe Bomb 5 LBS/2.3 KG 70 FT/21 M 850 FT/259 M

Briefcase/Suitcase Bomb 50 LBS/23 KG 150 FT/46 M 1,850 FT/564 M

Compact Sedan 500 LBS/227 KG 320 FT/98 M 1,500 FT/457 M

Sedan 1,000 LBS/454 KG 400 FT/122 M 1,750 FT/534 M

Passenger/Cargo Van 4,000 LBS/1,814 KG 640 FT/195 M 2,750 FT/838 M

Small Moving Van/Delivery Truck 10,000 LBS/4,536 KG 860 FT/263 M 3,750 FT/1,143 M

Moving Van/Water Truck 30,000 LBS/13,608 KG 1,240 FT/375 M 6,500 FT/1,982 M

Semi-Trailer 60,000 LBS/27,216 KG 1,500 FT/457 M 7,000 FT/2,134 M

1 Based on maximum volume or weight of explosive (TNT equivalent) that could reasonably fit in a suitcase or vehicle.

2 Governed by the ability of typical US commercial construction to resist severe damage or collapse following a blast. Performances can vary 

significantly, however, and buildings should be analyzed by qualified parties when possible.

3 Governed by the greater of fragment throw distance or glass breakage/falling glass hazard distance. Note that pipe and briefcase bombs 

assume cased charges that throw fragments farther than vehicle bombs.

4 A known terrorist tactic is to attract bystanders to windows, doorways, and the outside with gunfire, small bombs, or other methods and 

then detonate a larger, more destructive device, significantly increasing human casualties.

All personnel must evacuate (both inside of buildings and out)

All personnel in this area should seek shelter immediately 

inside a building away from windows and exterior 

walls. Avoid having anyone outside—including those 

evacuating—in this area.4

www.nctc.gov 119
Common Explosives Images are not shown to scale.

120 Counterterrorism 2010 

cWater gel explosives (or slurries) consist of oxidizers 

and fuels concentrated in a saturated aqueous solution. 

They are less expensive to manufacture than dynamite, 

and safer to store or handle. The water in these explosives 

becomes a reactant when large amounts of aluminum 

are added. 

cDynamite combines the explosive power of nitroglycerin with 

the stability of an inert substance (such as diatomaceous earth or 

sawdust). Manufacture and use of dynamite has declined with the 

more widespread use of water gel explosives.

cBinary explosives

involve two compounds 

that are not explosive 

until mixed with 

each other.

cSecondary explosives are commonly used to create most 

of the explosive force in a detonated explosion. Normally a 

more volatile primary explosive is responsible for detonation, 

activating the secondary explosive.

cHigh explosives undergo detonation (supersonic blast) 

rather than deflagration (burning), usually with a shock wave 

that moves at a rate of 3000 to 9000 meters per second. These 

explosives can be either a chemically pure compound, or a 

mixture of oxidizer and fuel.

cC-4 is a combination of cyclonite or cyclotrimethylene 

trinitramine as the explosive agent—usually about 91% 

of the C-4 content—along with plastic binder, plasticizer, 

and possibly marker chemicals which can help identify the 

manufacturing source. C-4 is 1.34 times as powerful as an 

equal amount of TNT, and appears as an off-white solid with 

a consistency similar to modeling clay.

cTrinitrotoluene (TNT) is 

one of the most commonly 

used explosives for military 

and industrial purposes.Its 

insensitivity to shock and 

friction reduces the risk of 

accidental detonation. It 

appears as a yellow solid.

eSimilar to gels or 

slurries, explosive 

emulsions involve 

a mixture, but the 

compounds mixed 

are technically 

immiscible (will not 

blend homogenously 

with each other).
TNT Equivalents for Various Explosives 

and Fuel-Air Mixtures

A terrorist cell’s skill in constructing Improvised Explosive Devices or Vehicle-Borne Improvised 

Explosive Devices (IED, VBIED) is likely to influence the type of attack. Bombmakers with 

only rudimentary skills may be restricted to assembling basic devices. A skilled journeyman 

bombmaker may have the competence needed to build a range of IEDs from small to large 

that are highly concealable or have advanced capabilities such as multiple triggering methods, 

directional blasts, or increased blast effect. Two hundred kilograms of explosives can make:

Explosive Pressure 

Equivalent

Impulse 

Equivalent

Remarks/

Maximum 

Pressure

TNT 1.0 1.0

C-4 1.3 1.5

Composition B (60 RDX/40 TNT) 1.2 1.1

Pentolite 1.42 1.44

Dynamite 60 percent straight

 50 percent

 20 percent

0.9

0.9

0.7

0.9

—

—

Blasting gel 0.85 0.85

ANFO 0.82

Smokeless powder 0.6 Dense Packing

Black powder 0.6 Dense Packing

Photo flash powder 

(aluminum, potassium perchlorate 40/60)

0.42

Fuel-Air (by weight)

Ethylene oxide 10+ 300 psi

MAPP (welding gas) 10 200 psi

Acetylene 150 psi

Propane 6 120 psi

Methane 100 psi

Paint pigments 160 psi

Milk powder 135 psi

Flour 7 150 psi

Wood 7 160 psi

Sugar 134 psi

Aluminum 10 195 psi cSufficient booster 

charge for 4,000 kg of 

homemade explosives 

in a VBIED.

c200 Pipe Bombs 

@ 1 kg each

c2 small VBIEDs 

@ 100 kg each

c20 Suicide Vests 

@ 10 kg each

www.nctc.gov 121
Indicators of a Possible Radiological Incident

Indicators

Unusual Numbers of 

Sick or Dying People 

or Animals

As a first responder, strong consideration should be given to calling local hospitals 

to see if additional casualties with similar symptoms have been observed. Casualties may 

occur hours to days or weeks after an incident has occurred. The time required before 

symptoms are observed is dependent on the radioactive material used and the dose 

received. Additional symptoms include skin reddening and, in severe cases, vomiting.

Unusual Metal Debris Unexplained bomb/munitions-like material.

Radiation Symbols Containers may display a radiation symbol.

Heat Emitting Material Material that seems to emit heat without any sign of external heating source.

Glowing Material/

Particles

If the material is strongly radioactive, it may appear to glow.

cIf oxygen and humidity levels are adequate, a sufficient mass of 

certain plutonium isotopes may become pyrophoric (able to glow from 

its own heat).

122 Counterterrorism 2010 
Suspicious Substance?

If You Become Aware of an Unusual or Suspicious Substance Nearby:

1. Quickly get away. 

2. Protect yourself. Cover your mouth and nose with layers of fabric that can filter the air 

but still allow breathing. Examples include two to three layers of cotton such as a T-shirt, 

handkerchief or towel. Otherwise, several layers of tissue or paper towels may help. 

3. Wash with soap and water. 

4. Contact authorities. 

5. Watch TV, listen to the radio, or check the Internet for official news and information 

including what the signs and symptoms of the disease are, if medications or vaccinations are 

being distributed, and where you should seek medical attention if you become sick. 

6. If you become sick seek emergency medical attention.

cAnthrax investigators in 2001 cAnthrax-contaminated letter sent to Senator Patrick Leahy

www.nctc.gov 123
Biological Threats

Clinical Features Diagnosis Medical Management

Botulinum Toxins

Symptoms appear several hours to one to two 

days after exposure.

Initial

Blurred vision, drooping eyelids, difficulty 

understanding language, difficulty in speaking, 

muscle weakness.

Progression—Day 3

Mucous in throat, neuromuscular symptoms, 

respiratory distress, difficulty in swallowing, 

feels like a cold without fever.

Progression—Day 4

Indistinct speech, pupils moderately dilated, 

retarded eye motions, “mental numbness.”

An epidemic of cases of bulbar 

and neuromuscular disease.

Other causes could be 

considered; however, the extent 

and epidemiology of the 

outbreak will help diagnose 

and define whether or not 

there was an attack.

Respiratory failure is the 

principal cause of death. 

Tracheostomy, endotrachael 

intubation, and ventilatory 

assistance may be required.

Antitoxins are available, but 

they are horse serums and 

may produce reactions in those 

allergic to horse serum.

Smallpox

Incubation average 12 days. Symptoms begin 

acutely.

Phase I Symptoms

Malaise, fever, chills, vomiting, headache, 

backache. Light-skinned patients may exhibit 

rash during this phase.

Phase II Symptoms

Facial rash and eruptions on mucous 

membrane leading to infectious secretions. 

Eruptions on lower extremities spreading to 

the trunk over the following eight to 14 days 

(these pustules later form scabs).

It is necessary to distinguish 

smallpox from chicken pox. 

Examination of vesicular 

scrapings under a microscope 

is the usual method for 

diagnosis.

Strict quarantine for 17 days 

of all persons in contact with 

index cases.

No specific therapy.

Supportive care to prevent 

secondary infections.

cBotulinum Toxin

124 Counterterrorism 2010 
Indicators of a Possible Chemical Incident

Indicators

Dead animals/birds/fish Not just an occasional incident, but numerous animals (wild and domestic, small and large), birds, and 

fish in the same area

Lack of insect life Normal insect activity (ground, air, and/or water) missing, dead insects evident in the ground/water 

surface/shoreline

Physical symptoms Numerous individuals experiencing unexplained water-like blisters, wheals (similar to bee stings), 

pinpointed pupils, choking, respiratory ailments and/or rashes

Mass casualties Numerous individuals exhibiting unexplained serious health problems ranging from nausea to 

disorientation to difficulty in breathing to convulsions and death

Definite pattern of 

casualties

Casualties distributed in a pattern that may be associated with possible agent dissemination methods

Illness associated with 

confined geographic area

Lower incidence of symptoms for people working indoors than outdoors, or the reverse

Unusual liquid droplets Numerous surfaces exhibiting oily droplets/film; numerous water surfaces displaying an oily film (no 

recent rain)

Areas that look different in 

appearance

Not just a patch of dead weeds, but trees, shrubs, bushes, food crops, and/or lawns that are dead, 

discolored, or withered (no current drought)

Unexplained odors Smells ranging from fruity to flowery to sharp/pungent to garlic/horseradish-like to bitter almonds/peach 

kernels to newly mown hay; the particular odor is completely out of character with its surroundings

Low-lying clouds Low-lying cloud/fog-like condition that is not explained by its surroundings

Unusual metal debris Unexplained bomb/munitions-like material, especially if it contains a liquid (no recent rain)

cA low-hanging cloud might be a sign of a chemical attack.

www.nctc.gov 125
Chemical Agents

Name Color Smell

Nerve Agents

Tabun (GA) Colorless to brown Fruity

Sarin (GB) Colorless No odor

Soman (GD) Colorless Fruity; oil of camphor

VX Colorless to straw color No odor

Vesicants

Impure sulfur mustard (H) Pale yellow to dark brown Garlic or mustard

Distilled sulfur mustard (HD) Pale yellow to dark brown Garlic or mustard

Lewisite (L) Pure: colorless

Agent: amber to dark brown

Geranium

Riot Control Agents

Chlorobenzylidene Malononitrile (CS) White crystalline powder Pepper

Chloroacetophenone (CN) Liquid or solid Apple blossom

Diphenylaminearsine (DM) Yellow-green crystalline solid No odor

Pulmonary Agents

Chlorine (CL2

) Clear to yellow gas Bleach

Phosgene (CG) Colorless gas Freshly-mown hay

Cyanides (Blood Agents)

Hydrogen Cyanide (AC) Gas Bitter almonds or peach kernels

Cyanogen Chloride Gas or liquid—colorless Pungent, biting odor

Incapacitating Agents

BZ White crystalline powder No odor

126 Counterterrorism 2010 
Sarin

Sarin is an extremely toxic substance whose 

sole application is as a nerve agent. As a 

chemical weapon, it is classified as a weapon 

of mass destruction by the United Nations 

according to UN Resolution 687, and its 

production and stockpiling was outlawed 

by the Chemical Weapons Convention of 

1993. Sarin can be used as a binary chemical 

weapon, meaning two different substances 

which are easier and/or safer to store 

independently can be mixed immediately prior 

to use to create the desired chemical.

Sarin is similar in structure and biological 

activity to some commonly used insecticides. 

At room temperature, sarin is a colorless, 

odorless liquid. Its vapor is also colorless and 

odorless. It has a relatively short shelf life, and 

will degrade after a period of several weeks to 

several months. 

Timely decontamination is imperative. 

Contaminated equipment should be cleaned 

using household bleach, caustic soda, dilute 

alkali solutions, or hot, soapy water. When 

equipment is located in a confined area, 

steam and ammonia or hot, soapy water may 

be used. Sodium hydroxide, an all-purpose 

decontaminant, also works well on sarin.

F

P

O

O

C

C

C

C

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

cModel of a Sarin molecule

Method Onset Symptoms

Dermal 

exposure 

to liquid

Minutes to 

hours

Mild Exposure:

Increased sweating at the site of exposure; muscular twitching at site

Moderate Exposure:

Same as above plus nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, generalized weakness

Severe Exposure:

Same as above plus loss of consciousness, convulsions, generalized twitching, flaccid paralysis, lapses in 

breathing, generalized secretions, involuntary defecation

Exposure 

to vapor

Seconds Mild Exposure:

Small pupils, runny nose, breathing constriction, secretions, slight lapses in breathing

Moderate Exposure:

Small pupils, runny nose, breathing constriction, secretions, marked lapses in breathing

Severe Exposure:

Same as above plus loss of consciousness, convulsions, generalized twitching, flaccid paralysis, lapses in 

breathing, generalized secretions, involuntary defecation

www.nctc.gov 127
Toxic Industrial Chemicals

The term “toxic industrial chemicals” refers 

to a variety of chemicals used or created 

by industry that can have a significant impact 

on human health if released into the air or 

water. A potential threat exists for individuals 

located downwind or downstream from an 

accidental or intentional release of chemicals 

or for people situated near toxic industrial 

processes.

Toxic industrial chemicals may pose a risk 

when they are stored in large quantities in one 

location. An act of sabotage or an accident 

can result in a large release of toxic material 

into the air or water. Some material retains 

its lethality even after traveling a considerable 

distance. A release of chlorine gas into the 

surrounding air is but one example of the 

toxic industrial chemical threat.

In the event of exposure to a toxic 

chemical—and after the immediate danger 

and contamination have been dealt with—

take the following steps:

1. Notify safety personnel. 

2. Remove all sources of heat and ignition. 

3. Keep all combustibles (wood, paper, oil, 

etc.) away from the leak. 

4. Ventilate potentially explosive 

atmospheres. 

5. Evacuate the spill area for at least 50 feet 

(15 m) in all directions. 

6. Find and stop the leak if this can 

be done without risk. 

7. Use water spray to reduce vapors; 

do not put water directly on the leak 

or spill area.

Chlorine

Chlorine gas is irritating and corrosive 

to the airways, eyes, and skin.

Symptoms

Relatively low levels of chlorine gas exposure 

can cause sore throat, coughing, and eye 

and skin irritation, while higher levels can 

cause burning of the eyes and skin, nausea, 

temporary blindness, difficulty breathing, and 

chest pain. At high enough concentration, 

chlorine gas can cause immediate collapse 

and death. 

Treatment

Chlorine cannot be exhaled. If chlorine 

contacts the skin, individuals should flush 

the affected areas immediately with plenty 

of water, then wash with soap and water. 

Clothing contaminated with chlorine should 

be removed immediately.

cTanks like these can contain a large amount of 

toxic material.

128 Counterterrorism 2010 
Ricin

Ricin, the toxin found in castor beans, is 

poisonous if inhaled, injected, or ingested. 

It kills cells by inhibiting protein synthesis. 

Treatment is available, but long-term organ 

damage in survivors is likely. 

Symptoms

Inhalation

Within a few hours of inhaling significant 

amounts of ricin, the likely symptoms include 

respiratory distress, fever, cough, nausea, and 

tightness in the chest. Heavy sweating and 

fluid building up in the lungs may follow. 

Ingestion

A person who ingests a significant amount 

of ricin will experience vomiting and diarrhea 

that may become bloody. Severe dehydration 

may result, followed by low blood pressure. 

Other symptoms may include hallucinations, 

seizures, and blood in the urine. Within 

several days, the person’s liver, spleen, 

and kidneys might stop working, resulting 

in death. 

Treatment

A solution of saline and glucose is used to 

treat ricin poisoning. 

cCastor beans (shown on top) are used to produce 

Ricin, a deadly poison. They are similar in color and size 

to pinto beans (shown on bottom), but notice the small 

pointed protrusion on the end of each castor bean.

www.nctc.gov 129
Anthrax

Inhalation

Symptoms

Initial symptoms may 

resemble a common cold, 

but lead to severe breathing 

problems and shock after 

several days.

Treatment

Antibiotics are effective in 

the first days after infections. 

About 90 percent of untreated 

cases result in death.

Intestinal

Symptoms

This form of anthrax may follow the consumption of contaminated 

meat and is characterized by an acute inflammation of the intestinal 

tract. Initial signs include nausea, loss of appetite, vomiting and fever, 

followed by abdominal pain, vomiting, blood and severe diarrhea.

Treatment

Antibiotics are effective. About 25 to 60 percent of untreated cases 

result in death.

Cutaneous

Symptoms

Skin infection begins as 

a raised itchy bump that 

resembles an insect bite, 

but soon turns into an 

ulcer, usually one to three 

centimeters in diameter 

with a black center. Lymph 

glands in the adjacent area 

may also swell.

Treatment

Antibiotics are extremely 

effective against naturally 

occurring strains. 

Approximately 20 percent 

of untreated cases result 

in death. 

Anthrax is a serious illness caused by the 

bacterium B. anthracis. It is primarily a 

disease of plant-eating animals; cattle and 

sheep are common hosts. The spores are 

extremely resistant to environmental factors.

130 Counterterrorism 2010 
1Account transactions that are inconsistent 

with past deposits or withdrawals

2Transactions involving a high volume of 

incoming or outgoing wire transfers with 

no logical or apparent purpose that come 

from, go to, or transit locations of concern (for 

example, sanctioned countries, noncooperative 

nations, and sympathizer nations)

3Unexplainable clearing or negotiation of 

third-party checks and their deposits in 

foreign bank accounts

4Breaking transactions larger than $10,000 

into smaller amounts by making multiple 

deposits or withdrawals or by buying cashier’s 

checks, money orders, or other monetary 

instruments to evade reporting requirements

5Corporate layering (that is, transfers 

between bank accounts of related entities 

or charities for no apparent reason)

6Wire transfers by charitable organizations 

to companies located in countries known to 

be bank or tax havens

7Charitable bank deposits that lack signs of 

fund-raising activity (for example, lack of 

small checks or typical donations)

8Use of multiple accounts to collect funds 

that are transferred to the same foreign 

beneficiaries

9Transactions without logical economic 

purpose (that is, no link between the 

activity of the organization and other parties 

involved in the transaction)

10Overlapping corporate officers, bank 

signatories, or other identifiable 

similarities associated with the same 

addresses, references, and financial activities

11Cash-debiting schemes in which deposits 

in the United States correlate directly 

with ATM cash withdrawals in countries of 

concern; reverse transactions of this nature are 

also suspicious

12Issuance of checks, money orders, 

or other financial instruments, often 

numbered sequentially, to the same or 

similarly named person or business

Suspicious Financial Activity Indicators

www.nctc.gov 131
Indicators of False Travel Documents

1Physically altered passports

2Passports with serial numbers that are 

watch-listed as lost or stolen

3Handwritten documents that are easily 

forged or altered

4Multiple passports used by the same person 

with variations in the spelling/structure of 

the name and of date of birth

5Ambiguous or contradictory information 

submitted to consular or border control 

officials

6Absence of supporting documents to 

corroborate passport information 

7Passports with glued-in photographs

8Large gaps in travel history as reflected in 

stamps and visas

cAhmed Ressam, sentenced to 22 years in prison in 2005 for 

planning to bomb Los Angeles International Airport on 

31 December 1999, acquired this ostensibly genuine 

Canadian passport by using a fraudulent baptismal 

certificate; the obscured name was Western-sounding 

in an attempt to evade scrutiny at the border.

cThese passports were seized by French authorities as 

part of a group of 5,000 blank French passports stolen 

on 22 July 2003 in Marseilles.

cStolen South African passport

132 Counterterrorism 2010 
Radicalization: Myth and Reality

MYTH

Poverty is the primary breeding ground for 

terrorists. 

REALITY

Many terrorists come from middle-class 

backgrounds and have university-level educations, 

particularly in the technical sciences and 

engineering. No statistical relationship exists 

between poverty and becoming a terrorist.

MYTH

US foreign policy is the primary cause of 

radicalization.

REALITY

The grievances that fuel radicalization 

are diverse and vary across locations and 

groups. Radicalization frequently is driven by 

personal concerns at the local level in addition 

to frustration with international events.

MYTH

There are visible “signs” of radicalization.

REALITY

Changes in appearance during different stages of 

radicalization often are the same changes seen in 

individuals who are not being radicalized, making 

it difficult to identify visible markers.

MYTH

The Internet is the main source of radicalization.

REALITY

There is little evidence to support the contention 

that the Internet plays the dominant role in 

the process of radicalization. While extremists 

can use Web sites to convey and reinforce their 

messages, self-radicalization and self-recruitment 

via the Internet with little or no relation to the 

outside world rarely happens.

cAbu Hamza al-Masri, former imam of Finsbury Park 

Mosque in north London, was convicted in February 2006 on 

eleven charges including solicitation to murder and “stirring 

up racial hatred.”

cUnder the name Omar Mahmoud Othman, Abu 

Qatada is under worldwide embargo by UN Security 

Council Committee 1267 for his affiliation with al-Qa‘ida. 

He is wanted on terrorism charges in the United States, 

Algeria, Belgium, Spain, France, Germany, Italy, and 

his native Jordan. Currently in custody in Great Britain, 

Abu Qatada—whom a former Home Secretary once called 

“the most significant extremist preacher in the United 

Kingdom”—has been indicted for being the spiritual advisor 

to convicted al-Qa‘ida terrorists Zacarias Moussaoui and 

Richard Reid.

www.nctc.gov 133
Worldwide Incidents Tracking System (WITS)

NCTC maintains the US Government’s 

authoritative database on terrorist attacks 

compiled exclusively from open source data1

. 

The Worldwide Incidents Tracking System 

(WITS), which is publicly available 

at www.nctc.gov, provides a variety of 

consumers—to include users within 

the government, police departments, first 

responders, military, academia, and the 

press—with an easily accessible, Internetbased database. Users can filter and sort 

attack data by a broad range of characteristics, 

browse attack records, and derive statistics on 

terrorism around the world. Visitors to the 

Web site can use two types of searches

—simple and advanced—to conduct myriad 

queries ranging from how many mortar 

attacks occurred in Israel in 2008 (195) to 

who was targeted by suicide attacks in Iraq 

last year.

Terrorists must have initiated and executed 

the attack on non-combatants for it to 

be included in the database; failed or foiled 

attacks, as well as hoaxes, are not included 

in WITS. Spontaneous hate crimes without 

intent to cause mass casualties are excluded 

to the greatest practical extent. A complete 

explanation of the WITS methodology is 

available for viewing at the Web site.

NCTC also provides the US State 

Department with statistical data on the 

number of individuals killed, injured, or 

kidnapped by terrorist groups, all taken from 

the WITS database. This information is 

used to help complete the Congressionally 

mandated Country Reports on Terrorism, the 

US Government’s authoritative report on 

terrorism incidents that occurred in the 

previous calendar year.

cThe WITS Web site is available at www.nctc.gov

c2008: Targets of Suicide Attacks in Iraq

1 Terrorism is defined in statute [22 USC § 2656f(d)(2)] as: premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant 

targets by sub-national groups or clandestine agents. (“Noncombatant” includes civilians and military personnel who at the time of the 

incident are unarmed or not on duty).

Political,

Paramilitary,

Bodyguard

32% Civilian,

Business,

Student

29%

Government

Official

7%

Other

2%

Sahwa (Sunni Awakening) Council

30%

2008: Target Preference for Suicide Attacks in Iraq

134 Counterterrorism 2010 
Terrorist Logos

Law enforcement officers should be on the watch for these emblems and/or named groups during 

traffic stops and other contacts. These emblems may be found on jewelry, documents, auto stickers, 

and other forms of advertisement. Their display may indicate membership in these groups and/or 

financial/general support for the listed groups. These groups appear on the US Secretary of State’s 

list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations.

17 November Revolutionary 

Organization

Abu Nidal

Organization (ANO)

Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade Al-Jihad (Egyptian Islamic 

Jihad)

Al-Qa‘ida

 

Al-Qa‘ida in the Islamic 

Maghreb (formerly GSPC)

Al-Shabaab Ansar al-Islam

Armed Islamic Group (GIA) Aum Shinrikyo

A.K.A. Aum Supreme Truth

Basque Fatherland and 

Liberty (ETA)

Republican

Poblachiach

Continuity IRA

FARC

Revolutionary Armed Forces

of Colombia

HAMAS Hizballah 

(Party of God)

Jaish-e-Mohammed (JEM)

www.nctc.gov 135
Terrorist Logos

Jemaah Islamiya (JI) Kahane Chai

(KACH)

Kongra-Gel (KGK, formerly 

Kurdistan Workers’ Party,

PKK, Kadek)

Lashkar-e-Tayyiba

(LT or Army of the 

Righteous)

Lashkar-e-Tayyiba

(poster)

Liberation Tigers of Tamil 

Eelam (LTTE)

Mujahedin-e Khalq 

Organization (MEK)

National Liberation Army 

(ELN)

New People’s Army

 (NPA)

Palestine Islamic Jihad

(PIJ)

Palestine Liberation Front 

(PLF)

Popular Front for the 

Liberation of Palestine (PFLP)

Popular Front for the 

Liberation of PalestineGeneral Command (PFLP-GC)

Real IRA Revolutionary People’s 

Liberation Party/Front

Shining Path

(Sendero Luminoso)

136 Counterterrorism 2010 
Noordin Mohammad Top

Noordin, one of the most dangerous members of Jemaah Islamiya, was implicated 

in several lethal attacks in Indonesia, including the suicide bombing attack in Bali on 

12 October 2002 and the attack against the Marriott Hotel in Jakarta on 5 August 2003. 

He was killed in a raid by Indonesian police in September 2009.

Saleh Nabhan

Nabhan, a Kenyan wanted in connection with the attacks in 1998 against US embassies in 

Africa and the attacks in 2002 against a hotel and an airliner in Mombasa, was killed in southern 

Somalia in September 2009.

Baitullah Mahsud

Leader of Tehrik-e Taliban Pakistan, Mahsud was killed in an explosion in Waziristan in August 

2009. He was responsible for several deadly attacks against US and Pakistani targets, and 

claimed responsibility—later denied—for the assassination of Benazir Bhutto in December 2007.

Usama al-Kini and Shaykh Swedan 

Al-Kini, whose real name was Fahid Mohammed Ally Msalam, and Shaykh Ahmed Salim 

Swedan were killed in an explosion in Waziristan in January 2009. They were indicted for their 

role in the 1998 attacks on the US Embassies in Nairobi, Kenya, and Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Aafia Siddiqui 

Siddiqui, charged with attempting to kill US officers and employees, was arrested in Afghanistan 

on 18 July 2008 after attempting to shoot a US military officer. She was transported to the 

United States in August.

Abu Khabab al-Masri

Abu Khabab, whose real name was Midhat Mursi al-Sayid Umar and who was an explosives and 

poisons expert working on behalf of al-Qa‘ida, was killed in a blast in Pakistan in July 2008.

‘Imad Mugniyah

Senior Hizballah official, possible head of group’s intelligence section and indicted for role in 

1985 hijacking and murder, was killed by a vehicle bomb detonated by unknown persons in 

Damascus in February 2008.

Abu Layth al-Libi

Al-Qa‘ida military commander and spokesman was killed in January 2008.

Abu Solaiman

Senior member of Abu Sayyaf Group, responsible for planning attacks against US and other 

foreign nationals in the Philippines, was killed in January 2007. 

‘Abd al-Hadi al-Iraqi

Al-Qa‘ida No. 3 and chief of external operations, was detained in late 2006.

Dhiren Barot

Al-Qa‘ida operative, also known as Issa al-Hindi, was sentenced to life imprisonment in 

November 2006 for providing al-Qa‘ida detailed reconnaissance and plans for attacks on 

the Prudential Building in New Jersey, the International Monetary Fund headquarters in 

Washington, D.C., and the New York Stock Exchange and Citigroup building in New York City. 

Captured or Killed

www.nctc.gov 137
Captured or Killed continued

Khadafi Janjalani

Head of Abu Sayyaf Group, was killed in September 2006 clash with Philippine 

security forces.

Abu Mus‘ab al-Zarqawi

Head of al-Qa‘ida in Iraq, responsible for hundreds of deaths; was killed in June 2006 in Iraq.

Muhsin Musa Matwalli Atwah

Extremist charged with participation in attack on US embassies in Africa in 1998, was killed in 

April 2006 in Pakistan.

Hamza Rabi‘a 

Al-Qa‘ida No. 3, chief of external operations, was killed in December 2005 in Pakistan.

Azahari bin Husin

Jemaah Islamiya bombmaker, believed responsible for the Bali attack in 2002, was killed in 

shootout in Indonesia in November 2005.

Mustafa Setmariam Nasar

Al-Qa‘ida propagandist and trainer, indicted in Spain for his role in Madrid train bombings in 

2004, was arrested in Pakistan in November 2005.

Abu Faraj al-Libi

Al-Qa‘ida No. 3, was arrested in Pakistan in May 2005.

Hambali

Jemaah Islamiya operations chief, detained in Thailand in August 2003.

Khalid Shaykh Muhammad

Al-Qa‘ida No. 3, responsible for planning the 9/11 attacks in United States, was arrested in 

Pakistan in March 2003.

Mir Amal Kansi

Pakistani extremist who killed two CIA employees and injured three others outside CIA 

Headquarters in 1993, was executed in United States in November 2002.

Abu Zubaydah

Senior al-Qa‘ida planner, was arrested in Pakistan in March 2002.

Muhammad Atef 

Al-Qa‘ida No. 3, also known as Abu Hafs al-Masri, charged with directly planning the attacks on 

US embassies in Africa in 1998, was killed in Afghanistan in November 2001.

Ramzi Yousef 

A relative of Khalid Shaykh Muhammad and one of the planners of the 1993 World Trade 

Center attack, was sentenced in the United States to life in prison in 1997.

‘Umar ‘Abd al-Rahman

Also known as the Blind Shaykh, was arrested in 1993 for plotting attacks against New York City 

landmarks; he was convicted in 1995 and sentenced to life imprisonment in 1996.

138 Counterterrorism 2010 
The sites below are mostly for people living in the United States. Other 

countries maintain their own lists of fugitives and suspect groups. Residents of 

other countries should consult their own law enforcement agencies.

To report suspicious persons or activity, please visit:

1. Rewards for Justice: http://www.rewardsforjustice.net, then click the “Submit a Tip” 

bar, or send an E-mail to rfj@state.gov. Or, in the United States, call 1-800-US REWARDS 

(1-800-877-3927).

2. FBI: https://tips.fbi.gov. Or, in the United States, call (202) 324-3000 [FBI main 

switchboard].

3. To find phone numbers of regional FBI offices in the United States, visit 

http://www.fbi.gov/contact/fo/fo.htm. If you are outside the United States and want 

to reach the FBI, call the nearest US Embassy or Consulate office; for phone numbers, 

see http://www/fbi.gov/contact/legat/legat.htm.

4. Individuals outside the United States may want to contact the Central Intelligence Agency. 

The CIA Web site is at http://www.cia.gov.

Think you’ve seen a wanted person?

Does a certain face “ring a bell?” To view photographs of wanted terrorists, visit these sites:

http://www.rewardsforjustice.net

http://www.fbi.gov/wanted/terrorists/fugitives.htm

Are you wondering whether a business, charity, Nongovernmental Organization (NGO), or other 

entity has terrorist ties?

Do you want to make sure you can donate money to such an organization legally? You can view 

designated individuals and groups at these sites:

Designated Foreign Terrorist Organizations: 

http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/crt/2008/122449.htm

Terrorist Exclusion List:

http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/other/des/123086.htm

Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons: 

http://www.treasury.gov/offices/enforcement/ofac/sdn/t11sdn.pdf

Other resources:

US National Counterterrorism Center: 

http://www.nctc.gov

US State Department Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism: 

http://www.state.gov/s/ct

Have Suspicions?

www.nctc.gov 139
State Sponsors of Terrorism

State sponsors of terrorism provide critical support to non-state terrorist groups. 

Without state sponsors, terrorist groups would have greater difficulty obtaining 

the funds, weapons, materials, and the secure areas they require to plan and 

conduct operations. More worrisome is that some of these countries also have the 

capability to manufacture weapons of mass destruction (WMD) that could get into 

the hands of terrorists. The United States will continue to insist that these countries 

end the support they give to terrorist groups. As of 14 October 2008, the United 

States designates the following countries as State Sponsors of Terrorism.

A country designated as a State Sponsor becomes subject to four main sets 

of US Government sanctions:

1. A ban on arms-related exports and sales.

2. Controls over exports of dual-use items, requiring 30-day Congressional notification 

for goods or services that could significantly enhance the terrorist-list country’s military 

capability or ability to support terrorism.

3. Prohibitions on economic assistance.

4. Imposition of miscellaneous financial and other restrictions, including:

•	 Requiring the United States to oppose loans by the World Bank and other international 

financial institutions;

•	 Exception from the jurisdictional immunity in US courts of state sponsor countries, and 

all former state sponsor countries (with the exception of Iraq), with respect to claims for 

money damages for personal injury or death caused by certain acts of terrorism, torture, 

or extrajudicial killing, or the provision of material support or resources for such acts;

•	 Denying companies and individuals tax credits for income earned in terrorist-list countries;

•	 Denial of duty-free treatment of goods exported to the United States;

•	 Authority to prohibit any US citizen from engaging in a financial transaction with 

a terrorist-list government without a Treasury Department license; and 

•	 Prohibition of Defense Department contracts above $100,000 with companies in which 

a state sponsor government owns or controls a significant interest.

http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/crt/2007/103711.htm

Country Date of Designation

Cuba 1 March 1982

Iran 19 January 1984

Sudan 12 August 1993

Syria 29 December 1979

140 Counterterrorism 2010 
Foreign Terrorist Organizations

23. Kurdistan Workers’ 

Party (PKK)

24. Lashkar e-Tayyiba (LT)

25. Lashkar i Jhangvi (LJ)

26. Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam 

(LTTE)

27. Libyan Islamic Fighting Group 

28. Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group 

29. Mujahadin-e Khalq Organization 

30. National Liberation Army (ELN)

31. Palestine Liberation Front–Abu Abbas 

Faction 

32. Palestinian Islamic Jihad–Shaqaqi 

Faction 

33. Popular Front for the Liberation of 

Palestine 

34. Popular Front for the Liberation of 

Palestine-General Command 

35. Al-Qa‘ida 

36. Al-Qa‘ida in Iraq (Tanzim Qa‘idat 

al-Jihad fi Bilad al-Rafidayn)

37. Al-Qa‘ida in the Islamic Maghreb 

(AQIM)

38. Real IRA 

39. Revolutionary Armed Forces of 

Colombia (FARC)

40. Revolutionary Nuclei 

41. Revolutionary Organization 

17 November 

42. Revolutionary People’s Liberation Party/

Front 

43. Shining Path 

44. United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia

http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/crt/2008/122449.htm

as of 27 August 2009

Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTOs) are 

foreign organizations that are designated by the 

Secretary of State in accordance with section 

219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act 

(INA), as amended. FTO designations play a 

critical role in our fight against terrorism and 

are an effective means of curtailing support for 

terrorist activities and pressuring groups to get 

out of the terrorism business. 

1. Abu Nidal Organization (ANO) 

2. Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) 

3. Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade

4. Al-Shabaab

5. Ansar al-Islam 

6. Armed Islamic Group 

7. Asbat al-Ansar 

8. Aum Shinrikyo 

9. Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA)

10. Communist Party of Philippines/New 

People’s Army 

11. Continuity Irish Republican Army 

(CIRA) 

12. Gama’a al-Islamiyya 

13. HAMAS 

14. Harakat ul-Jihad-i-Islami/Bangladesh 

(HUJI-B)

15. Harakat ul-Mujahideen 

16. Hizballah 

17. Islamic Jihad Union (IJU)

18. Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan 

19. Jaish-e-Mohammed 

20. Jemaah Islamiya (JI) 

21. Al-Jihad 

22. Kahane Chai (Kach) 

www.nctc.gov 141
Terrorism Definitions

as of 27 August 2009

These definitions are set forth in US law, Title 22 of the US Code, Section 2656f(d).

Terrorism

Premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by 

subnational groups or clandestine agents.

International Terrorism

Terrorism involving citizens or the territory of more than one country.

Terrorist Group

Any group practicing, or which has significant subgroups which practice, international terrorism.

The following terms, taken from the State Department’s Office of the Coordinator for 

Counterterrorism, are often encountered in a counterterrorism context:

AsymmetricWarfare

Warfare in which belligerents are mismatched in their military capabilities or their accustomed 

methods of engagement. In such a situation, the militarily disadvantaged power must press its 

special advantages or effectively exploit its enemy’s particular weaknesses if the disadvantaged 

power is to have any hope of prevailing. Using an adversary’s strength against him, while 

exploiting his weaknesses.

Multilateral

Concerning activities involving more than two countries, or concerning activities of sub-regional, 

regional, or international organizations. 

Weapons of Mass Destruction

Weapons that are capable of a high order of destruction and/or of being used in such a manner 

as to destroy large numbers of people. Weapons of mass destruction can be either conventional 

high explosives or chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear (CBRN) weapons.

http://www.state.gov/s/ct/info/c16718.htm

142 Counterterrorism 2010 
Terrorist Exclusion List Designees

as of 27 August 2009

Section 411 of the USA PATRIOT ACT of 2001 (8 U.S.C. § 1182) authorized the Secretary 

of State, in consultation with or upon the request of the Attorney General, to designate terrorist 

organizations for immigration purposes. This authority is known as the “Terrorist Exclusion List 

(TEL)” authority. A TEL designation bolsters homeland security efforts by facilitating the USG’s 

ability to exclude aliens associated with entities on the TEL from entering the United States.

Designation Criteria

An organization can be placed on the TEL if the Secretary of State finds that the organization:

•	 commits or incites to commit, under circumstances indicating an intention to cause death 

or serious bodily injury, a terrorist activity;

•	 prepares or plans a terrorist activity;

•	 gathers information on potential targets for terrorist activity; or

•	 provides material support to further terrorist activity.

Afghan Support Committee (a.k.a. Ahya 

ul Turas; a.k.a. Jamiat Ayat-ur-Rhas al 

Islamia; a.k.a. Jamiat Ihya ul Turath al 

Islamia; a.k.a. Lajnat el Masa Eidatul 

Afghania)

Al Taqwa Trade, Property and Industry 

Company Ltd. (f.k.a. Al Taqwa Trade, 

Property and Industry; f.k.a. Al Taqwa 

Trade, Property and Industry Establishment; 

f.k.a. Himmat Establishment; a.k.a. 

Waldenberg, AG)

Al-Hamati Sweets Bakeries

Al-Ittihad al-Islami (AIAI)

Al-Manar

Al-Ma’unah

Al-Nur Honey Center

Al-Rashid Trust

Al-Shifa Honey Press for Industry and 

Commerce

Al-Wafa al-Igatha al-Islamia (a.k.a. Wafa 

Humanitarian Organization; a.k.a. Al Wafa; 

a.k.a. Al Wafa Organization)

Alex Boncayao Brigade (ABB)

Anarchist Faction for Overthrow

Army for the Liberation of Rwanda (ALIR) 

(a.k.a. Interahamwe, Former Armed Forces 

(EX-FAR))

Asbat al-Ansar

Babbar Khalsa International

Bank Al Taqwa Ltd. (a.k.a. Al Taqwa Bank; 

a.k.a. Bank Al Taqwa)

Black Star

Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (a.k.a. 

CPN(M); a.k.a. the United Revolutionary 

People’s Council, a.k.a. the People’s 

Liberation Army of Nepal)

Continuity Irish Republican Army (CIRA) 

(a.k.a. Continuity Army Council)

Darkazanli Company

www.nctc.gov 143
Terrorist Exclusion List Designees continued

Dhamat Houmet Daawa Salafia (a.k.a. 

Group Protectors of Salafist Preaching; 

a.k.a. Houmat Ed Daawa Es Salifiya; a.k.a. 

Katibat El Ahoual; a.k.a. Protectors of 

the Salafist Predication; a.k.a. El-Ahoual 

Battalion; a.k.a. Katibat El Ahouel; a.k.a. 

Houmate Ed-Daawa Es-Salafia; a.k.a. the 

Horror Squadron; a.k.a. Djamaat Houmat 

Eddawa Essalafia; a.k.a. Djamaatt Houmat 

Ed Daawa Es Salafiya; a.k.a. Salafist Call 

Protectors; a.k.a. Djamaat Houmat Ed 

Daawa Es Salafiya; a.k.a. Houmate el 

Da’awaa es-Salafiyya; a.k.a. Protectors of 

the Salafist Call; a.k.a. Houmat ed-Daaoua 

es-Salafia; a.k.a. Group of Supporters of the 

Salafiste Trend; a.k.a. Group of Supporters 

of the Salafist Trend)

Eastern Turkistan Islamic Movement (a.k.a. 

Eastern Turkistan Islamic Party; a.k.a. 

ETIM; a.k.a. ETIP)

First of October Antifascist Resistance 

Group (GRAPO) (a.k.a. Grupo de 

Resistencia Anti-Fascista Premero De 

Octubre)

Harakat ul Jihad i Islami (HUJI)

International Sikh Youth Federation

Islamic Army of Aden

Islamic Renewal and Reform Organization

Jamiat al-Ta’awun al-Islamiyya

Jamiat ul-Mujahideen (JUM)

Japanese Red Army (JRA)

Jaysh-e-Mohammed

Jayshullah

Jerusalem Warriors

Lashkar-e-Tayyiba (LET) (a.k.a. Army of 

the Righteous)

Libyan Islamic Fighting Group

Loyalist Volunteer Force (LVF)

Makhtab al-Khidmat

Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group 

(a.k.a. GICM; a.k.a. Groupe Islamique 

Combattant Marocain)

Nada Management Organization (f.k.a. Al 

Taqwa Management Organization SA)

New People’s Army (NPA)

Orange Volunteers (OV)

People Against Gangsterism and Drugs 

(PAGAD)

Red Brigades-Combatant Communist Party 

(BR-PCC)

Red Hand Defenders (RHD)

Revival of Islamic Heritage Society 

(Pakistan and Afghanistan offices -- Kuwait 

office not designated) (a.k.a. Jamia Ihya ul 

Turath; a.k.a. Jamiat Ihia Al- Turath AlIslamiya; a.k.a. Revival of Islamic Society 

Heritage on the African Continent)

Revolutionary Proletarian Nucleus

Revolutionary United Front (RUF)

Salafist Group for Call and Combat (GSPC)

The Allied Democratic Forces (ADF)

The Islamic International Brigade (a.k.a. 

International Battalion, a.k.a. Islamic 

Peacekeeping International Brigade, 

a.k.a. Peacekeeping Battalion, a.k.a. The 

International Brigade, a.k.a. The Islamic 

Peacekeeping Army, a.k.a. The Islamic 

Peacekeeping Brigade)

The Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA)

The Pentagon Gang

The Riyadus-Salikhin Reconnaissance and 

Sabotage Battalion of Chechen Martyrs 

(a.k.a. Riyadus-Salikhin Reconnaissance 

and Sabotage Battalion, a.k.a. Riyadh-asSaliheen, a.k.a. the Sabotage and Military 

Surveillance Group of the Riyadh alSalihin Martyrs, a.k.a. Riyadus-Salikhin 

Reconnaissance and Sabotage Battalion of 

Shahids (Martyrs))

144 Counterterrorism 2010 
Terrorist Exclusion List Designees continued

The Special Purpose Islamic Regiment 

(a.k.a. the Islamic Special Purpose 

Regiment, a.k.a. the al-Jihad-Fisi-Sabililah 

Special Islamic Regiment, a.k.a. Islamic 

Regiment of Special Meaning)

Tunisian Combat Group (a.k.a. GCT, a.k.a. 

Groupe Combattant Tunisien, a.k.a. Jama’a 

Combattante Tunisien, a.k.a. JCT; a.k.a. 

Tunisian Combatant Group)

Turkish Hizballah

Ulster Defense Association (a.k.a. Ulster 

Freedom Fighters)

Ummah Tameer E-Nau (UTN) (a.k.a. 

Foundation for Construction; a.k.a. Nation 

Building; a.k.a. Reconstruction Foundation; 

a.k.a. Reconstruction of the Islamic 

Community; a.k.a. Reconstruction of the 

Muslim Ummah; a.k.a. Ummah Tameer 

I-Nau; a.k.a. Ummah Tameer E-Nau; a.k.a. 

Ummah Tameer-I-Pau)

Youssef M. Nada & Co. Gesellschaft 

M.B.H.

http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/other/des/123086.htm

www.nctc.gov 145

Index

A

Aafia Siddiqui 137

Abd Al Aziz Awda 88

‘Abd al-Hadi al-Iraqi 137

‘Abd al-Rahman, Umar 83

Abdelkarim Hussein Mohamed al-Nasser 66

Abdelmalek Droukdal 102

Abderraouf Ben Habib Jdey 28, 30

Abdul Basit Usman 82

Abdullah, Abdullah Ahmed 50

Abdullah Ahmed Abdullah 50

Abdullah Azzam Shaheed Brigade 51

Abdullah Ocalan 9, 19, 57, 113, 115

Abdul Rahman Yasin 18

Abu ‘Abdallah al-Shafi‘i 108

Abu Bakar Bashir 70

Abu Faraj al-Libi 138

Abu Hafs al-Masri Brigade 25

Abu Layth al-Libi 13, 137

Abu Mus‘ab al-Zarqawi 23, 51, 53, 65, 138

Abu Nidal 51

Abu Nidal Organization (ANO) 5, 61, 77, 99, 109, 135, 

141

Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) 5, 37, 45, 47, 51, 59, 67, 74, 

75, 82, 83, 90, 91, 92, 94, 96, 107, 109, 137, 141

Abu Solaiman 137

Abu Yahya al-Libi 36

Abu Zubaydah 116, 138

Acetylene 121

Adam Gadahn 14

Adam Pearlman 14

Adnan G. el Shukrijumah 22

Afghan Support Committee 143

Ahmad Ibrahim al-Mughassil 62

Ahmed Mohamed Hamed Ali 48

Ahmed Ressam 132

AI (Ansar al-Islam) 108, 135, 141

al-Adel, Saif 16

al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade 7, 13, 19, 21, 29, 31, 35, 39, 53, 

81, 98, 111, 135, 141

al-Badawi, Jamal 40

al-Bakri, Ali Sayyid 12

Alexandros Giotopoulos 61

Alex Boncayao Brigade (ABB) 143

Al-Faran 59

al-Gama‘at al-Islamiyya 51, 55, 97, 105

Al-Hamati Sweets Bakeries 143

al-Hariri, Rafiq 19

Ali Atwa 54

al-Iraqi, ‘Abd al-Hadi 137

Ali Saed bin Ali el-Hoorie 60

Ali Sayyid Muhamed Mustafa al-Bakri 12

Al-Ittihad al-Islami (AIAI) 143

Al-Jihad 135, 141

al-Kini, Usama 137

al-Libi, Abu Faraj 138

al-Libi, Abu Layth 13, 137

al-Libi, Abu Yahya 36

al-Liby, Anas 44

Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) 144

Al-Manar 143

Al-Ma’unah 143

al-Mughassil, Ahmad Ibrahim 62

al-Nasser, Abdelkarim Hussein Mohamed 66

Al-Nur Honey Center 143

al-Qa‘ida (AQ) 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 13, 16, 20, 21, 38, 43, 51, 

59, 67, 69, 75, 77, 80, 81, 85, 87, 97, 100, 102, 104, 

106, 109, 116, 135, 137, 141

al-Qa‘ida in Iraq (AQI) 21, 95, 100, 108, 138

al-Qa‘ida in Iraq (Tanzim Qa‘idat al-Jihad fi Bilad 

al-Rafidayn) 141

al-Qa‘ida in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) 104

al-Qa‘ida in the Lands of Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) 5, 23, 

71, 102, 103, 111, 141

al-Qa‘ida in Yemen (AQY) 104

al-Quds Brigades 84

al-Quso, Fahd Mohammed Ahmed 42

al-Rahman, Atiyah 10

al-Rahman, ‘Umar ‘Abd 138

Al-Rashid Trust 143

al-Shabaab 106, 141

Al-Shifa Honey Press for Industry and Commerce 143

Al Taqwa Trade, Property and Industry Company Ltd. 

143

Aluminum 121

Al-Wafa al-Igatha al-Islamia 143

al-Yacoub, Ibrahim Salih Mohammed 64

al-Zarqawi, Abu Mus‘ab 23, 51, 53, 65, 138

al-Zawahiri, Ayman 6, 8, 104

Amer El-Maati 26

Anarchist Faction for Overthrow 143

Anas al-Liby 44

ANFO 121

ANO (Abu Nidal Organization) 5, 61, 77, 99, 109, 135, 

141

Ansar al-Islam (AI) 108, 135, 141

Ansar al-Sunna (AS) 10, 15, 59, 108

Anthrax 123, 130

AQ (al-Qa‘ida) 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 13, 16, 20, 21, 38, 43, 51, 

59, 67, 69, 75, 77, 80, 81, 85, 87, 97, 100, 102, 104, 

106, 109, 116, 135, 137, 141

AQAP (Al-Qa‘ida in the Arabian Peninsula) 104

AQI (al-Qa‘ida in Iraq) 21, 95, 100, 108, 138

www.nctc.gov 147
AQIM (al-Qa‘ida in the Lands of Islamic Maghreb) 5, 23, 

71, 102, 103, 111, 141

AQY (al-Qa‘ida in Yemen) 104

Armed Islamic Group (GIA) 11, 29, 59, 65, 77, 89, 135, 

141

Armed Revolutionary Brigades 31

Army for the Liberation of Rwanda 143

AS (Ansar al-Sunna) 10, 15, 59, 108

‘Asbat al-Ansar 99, 100, 141, 143

ASG (Abu Sayyaf Group) 5, 37, 45, 47, 51, 59, 67, 75, 

82, 83, 90, 91, 92, 94, 96, 107, 109, 137, 141

Atef, Muhammad 138

Atiyah Abd al-Rahman 10

Atwa, Ali 54

Atwah, Muhsin Musa Matwalli 138

Aum Shinrikyo 27, 47, 57, 61, 135, 141

Awda, Abd Al Aziz 88

Ayman al-Zawahiri 6, 8, 104

Azahari bin Husin 70, 83, 138

Azzam al-Amriki 14

Azzam the American 14

B

Babbar Khalsa International 143

Baitullah Mahsud 67, 137

Bali, Indonesia 70, 76, 78, 80, 83, 87, 89

Bank Al Taqwa Ltd. 143

Barot, Dhiren 137

Bashir, Abu Bakar 70

Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA) 41, 43, 59, 61, 63, 

65, 71, 89, 91, 93, 135, 141

Benazir Bhutto 5, 67, 109

Betancourt, Ingrid 21, 57

Bhutto, Benazir 5, 67, 109

bin Hir, Zulkifli 74

Bin Ladin, Usama 6, 8, 21, 25, 53, 77, 83, 87, 95, 106

Biological Threats 124

Black powder 121

Black September 5, 75, 77, 91, 109

Black Star 143

Blasting gel 121

Blind Shaykh 138

Bomb Threat

Call Procedures 160

Stand-Off Distance 119

Botulinum Toxins 124

Boussora, Faker 28, 30

Buckley, William 27

Burnham, Martin and Gracia 47, 92, 96

BZ (incapacitating agent) 126

C

C-4 121

Carlos the Jackal 69, 107

Castro 56

Chemical

Agents 126

Indicators of a Possible Incident 125

Toxic Industrial Chlorine 128

Chlorine 126, 128

Chlorine, Toxic Industrial Chemicals 128

Chloroacetophenone 126

Chlorobenzylidene Malononitrile 126

Christopher Leggett 55

CIRA (Continuity Irish Republican Army) 141

Cole, USS 42, 87, 103

Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) 143

Communist Party of Philippines/New People’s Army 141

Communist Party of the Philippines/New People’s Army 

(CPP/NPA) 136

Composition B 121

Continuity IRA 135

Continuity Irish Republican Army (CIRA) 141, 143

CPP/NPA (Communist Party of the Philippines/New 

People’s Army) 136

Cuba 140

Cyanide, Hydrogen 126

Cyanides (Blood Agents) 126

Cyanogen Chloride 126

D

Daniel Pearl 11, 114

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 8, 16, 44, 46, 48, 50, 67, 137

Darkazanli Company 143

David Foy 32

Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine 21

Dev Sol 118

Dhamat Houmet Daawa Salafia 144

Dhiren Barot 137

DHKP/C (Revolutionary People’s Liberation Party Front) 

49

Diphenylaminearsine 126

Distilled Sulfur Mustard 126

Documents, False Travel Indicators 132

Droukdal, Abdelmalek 102

Dulmatin 76

Dynamite 121

148 Counterterrorism 2010 
E

Eastern Turkistan Islamic Movement 144

Ed Seitz 91

Egyptian Islamic Jihad (EIJ) 8, 16, 71, 85, 87, 97, 135

EIJ (Egyptian Islamic Jihad) 8, 16, 71, 85, 87, 97, 135

ELA (Revolutionary Popular Struggle) 83

Elbaneh, Jaber 24

el-Hoorie, Ali Saed bin Ali 60

El-Maati, Amer 26

ELN (National Liberation Army) 7, 17, 39, 55, 67, 79, 

93, 111, 113, 136, 141

el Shukrijumah, Adnan 22

ETA (Basque Fatherland and Liberty) 41, 43, 59, 61, 63, 

65, 71, 89, 91, 93, 135, 141

Ethylene oxide 121

Explosives

Fuel-Air Mixtures 121

TNT Equivalents 121

F

Fahd Mohammed Ahmed al-Quso 42

Fahid Mohammed Ally Msalam 137

FAI (Fatah al-Islam) 100

Faker Ben Abdelaziz Boussora 28, 30

False Travel Documents, Indicators 132

FARC (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia) 5, 17, 

21, 23, 25, 37, 45, 47, 57, 67, 77, 83, 107, 109, 117, 

135, 141

Fatah al-Islam (FAI) 100

Fazul Abdullah Mohammed 46

Fazul, Harun 46

Financial, Indicators of Suspicious Activity 131

Finsbury Park 133

First of October Antifascist Resistance Group (GRAPO) 

65, 144

Flour 121

Foley, Laurence 91

Foreign Terrorist Organizations 98, 106, 110, 135, 141

Foy, David 32

G

Gadahn, Adam 14

Gama’a al-Islamiyya 141

GIA (Armed Islamic Group) 11, 29, 59, 65, 77, 89, 135

Giotopoulos, Alexandros 61

Gonsalves, Marc 21, 57

Gracia Burnham 92, 96

GRAPO (First of October Antifascist Resistance Group) 

65

GSPC (Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat) 81, 102

Guillermo Sobero 92, 96

H

Hamadei, Mohammed 56

HAMAS (Islamic Resistance Movement) 5, 7, 9, 21, 23, 

25, 29, 31, 33, 35, 41, 47, 49, 63, 65, 67, 71, 75, 83, 

87, 97, 98, 101, 105, 107, 109, 110, 111, 113, 135, 141

Hambali 70, 138

Hamed Ali, Ahmed Mohamed 48

Hamza Rabi‘a 138

Hapilon, Isnilon 92

Haqqani, Sirajuddin 38

Harakat-ul-Ansar 101

Harakat-ul-Jihad 25

Harakat ul-Jihad-i-Islami/Bangladesh (HUJI-B) 141

Harakat ul Jihad i Islami (HUJI) 144

Harakat ul-Mujahideen 141

Harun Fazul 46

Hasan Izz-al-Din 58

Hasan Nasrallah 52

Hesla, Thor David 38

Hizballah 19, 27, 33, 37, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 63, 99, 101, 

105, 135, 137, 141

Hizballah, Saudi 55

Hizb-ul-Mujahedin 101

Howes, Thomas 21, 57

HUJI-B (Harakat ul-Jihad-i-Islami/Bangladesh) 141

Husin, Azahari bin 138

Hydrogen Cyanide 126

I

Ibrahim Salih Mohammed al-Yacoub 64

IJU (Islamic Jihad Union) 89, 112, 141

‘Imad Mughniyah 17, 52

‘Imad Mugniyah 137

Improvised Explosive Devices 121

Impure Sulfur Mustard 126

Incapacitating Agents 126

Indian Mujahidin 43, 65

Indicators of a Possible Radiological Incident 122

Indicators of False Travel Documents 132

Indicators of Suspicious Financial Activity 131

Industrial, Toxic Chemicals/Chlorine 128

Ingrid Betancourt 21, 57

International Sikh Youth Federation 144

International Terrorism Definition 142

Intifada Martyrs 5, 109

IRA (Irish Republican Army) 61, 135, 136

Iran 140

Iraultza 101

Irish Republican Army (IRA) 61, 135, 136

Islamic Army 91

Islamic Army of Aden 144

www.nctc.gov 149
Islamic Army of Aden-Abyan 73

Islamic Dagestan Liberation Army 77

Islamic Inquilab Mahaz 91

Islamic International Brigade 144

Islamic Jihad 11, 27, 52, 53, 135, 136

Islamic Jihad Group of Uzbekistan 112

Islamic Jihad Organization 81, 101

Islamic Jihad Union (IJU) 89, 112, 141

Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan 112, 141

Islamic Renewal and Reform Organization 144

Islamic Resistance 52

Islamic Resistance Movement (HAMAS) 83, 98, 105, 

107, 110

Isnilon Hapilon 92

Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades 110

Izz-al-Din, Hasan 58

J

Jaafar the Pilot 22

Jaber Elbaneh 24

Jaffar al-Tayyar 22

Jaish-e-Mohammed (JEM) 105, 114, 135, 141

Jamal al-Badawi 40

Jamiat al-Ta’awun al-Islamiyya 144

Jamiat ul-Mujahedin 107

Jamiat ul-Mujahideen (JUM) 144

Janjalani, Khadafi 90, 94, 96, 138

Japanese Red Army 19, 49

Japanese Red Army (JRA) 144

Jaysh-e-Mohammed 144

Jayshullah 144

Jdey, Abderraouf 28, 30

Jemaah Islamiya (JI) 31, 61, 67, 69, 70, 74, 76, 78, 80, 

82, 90, 92, 136, 138, 141

JEM (Jaish-e-Mohammed) 105, 114, 135, 141

Jerusalem Warriors 144

JI (Jemaah Islamiya) 31, 61, 67, 69, 70, 74, 76, 78, 80, 

82, 90, 92, 136, 138, 141

Jund al-Yaman (Soldiers of Yemen) 104

K

Kach (Kahane Chai) 141

Kahane Chai (Kach) 136, 141

Kansi, Mir Amal 138

Keith Stansell 21, 57

Kerr, Malcolm 11

KGK (Kongra-Gel) 37, 65, 115, 136

Khadafi Janjalani 90, 94, 96, 138

Khair Mundos 94

Khalid Shaykh Muhammad 23, 138

Khobar Towers 55, 60, 62, 64, 66

KMM (Kumpulun Mujahidin Malaysia) 74

Kongra-Gel (KGK) 37, 65, 115, 136

Kumpulun Mujahidin Malaysia (KMM) 74

Kurdistan Democratic Party 15

Kurdistan Freedom Hawks (TAK) 115

Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) 9, 17, 19, 23, 37, 45, 57, 

113, 115, 136, 141

L

Lashkar-e-Tayyiba (LT or LeT) 61, 71, 81, 99, 105, 116, 

136, 141, 144

Lashkar i Jhangvi (LJ) 141

Laurence Foley 91

Leggett, Christopher 55

Lewisite 126

Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) 17, 23, 25, 39, 

45, 49, 51, 59, 63, 75, 83, 85, 87, 89, 99, 103, 105, 

136, 141

Libyan Islamic Fighting Group 10, 141, 144

LJ (Lashkar i Jhangvi) 141

Lord’s Resistance Army 21

Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) 144

Los Angeles International Airport 132

Loyalist Volunteer Force (LVF) 144

LT or LeT (Lashkar-e-Tayyiba) 61, 71, 81, 99, 105, 116, 

136, 141, 144

LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam) 17, 23, 25, 39, 

45, 49, 51, 59, 63, 75, 83, 85, 87, 89, 99, 103, 105, 

136, 141

M

M-19 95

Mahsud, Baitullah 67, 137

Makhtab al-Khidmat 144

Malcolm Kerr 11

MAPP 121

Marc Gonsalves 21, 57

Martin Burnham 92, 96

McVeigh, Timothy 37

MEK (Mujahedin-e Khalq Organization) 136, 141

Methane 121

MILF (Moro Islamic Liberation Front) 23, 97

Milk Powder 121

Mir Amal Kansi 13, 138

Mohammed Ali Hamadei 56

Mohammed, Fazul Abdullah 46

Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group 141, 144

Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) 23, 90, 97

Moro National Liberation Front 90

Moussaoui, Zacarias 41

MQM (Mohajir Qaumi Movement) 71

150 Counterterrorism 2010 
MRTA (Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement) 37, 105

Msalam, Fahid Mohammed Ally 137

Mughniyah, ‘Imad 137

Mughniyah, ‘Imad 17

Muhammad Atef 138

Muhammad, Khalid Shaykh 23, 138

Muhsin Musa Matwalli Atwah 138

Mujahedin-e Khalq Organization (MEK) 136, 141

Mujahideen Youth Movement 106

Mullah Omar 20

Mumbai 61, 99, 116

Mustafa Setmariam Nasar 138

Mustard 126

N

Nabhan, Saleh 137

Nada Management Organization 144

Nairobi, Kenya 8, 16, 44, 46, 48, 50, 67, 137

Nasar, Mustafa Setmariam 138

Nasrallah, Hasan 52

National Liberation Army (ELN) 7, 17, 39, 55, 67, 79, 

93, 111, 113, 136, 141

Nerve Agents 126

New People’s Army (NPA) 136, 144

Nidal, Abu 51

Noordin Top 61

Nordeen, William 57

NPA (New People’s Army) 136

O

Ocalan, Abdullah 9, 19, 57, 113, 115

Oklahoma City 37

Omar, Mullah 20

Orange Volunteers (OV) 144

Organization of the Oppressed on Earth 52

P

Paint Pigments 121

Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) 31, 47, 69, 84, 86, 88, 89, 

91, 93, 136

Palestine Liberation Front - Abu Abbas Faction 141

Palestinian Islamic Jihad - Shaqaqi Faction 141

Partisans League 100

Patek, Umar 78

Patriotic Union of Kurdistan 15, 49

Pearl, Daniel 11, 114

Pearlman, Adam 14

Pentagon Gang 144

Pentolite 121

People Against Gangsterism and Drugs (PAGAD) 144

PFLP-GC (Popular Front for the Liberation of PalestineGeneral Command) 136, 141

PFLP (Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine) 35, 

57, 89, 136, 141

Phosgene 126

Photo Flash Powder 121

PIJ (Palestine Islamic Jihad) 31, 47, 69, 84, 86, 88, 89, 

91, 93, 136

Pinto Beans 129

PIRA 17, 23, 95, 105

PKK (Kurdistan Workers’ Party) 9, 17, 19, 23, 37, 45, 57, 

113, 115, 136, 141

PLF (Palestine Liberation Front) 136

PLO 5, 109

Popular Forces of Liberation 31

Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General 

Command (PFLP-GC) 136, 141

Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) 35, 

57, 89, 141

Propane 121

Puerto Rican Nationalist Party 93

Pulmonary Agents 126

Q

Qari Mohammad Zafar 32

R

Rabi‘a, Hamza 138

Radicalization 133

Radiological, Indicators of a Possible Incident 122

Radullan Sahiron 96

Rafiq al-Hariri 19

Ramadan 68

Ramadan Abdullah Mohammed Shallah 86

Ramzi Ahmed Yousef 7, 111

Ramzi Yousef 138

Real IRA (RIRA) 67, 136, 141

Red Army Faction 37, 49, 101

Red Brigades-Combatant Communist Party (BR-PCC) 

144

Red Hand Defenders (RHD) 144

Ressam, Ahmed 132

Revenge Falcons of Apo 25

Revival of Islamic Heritage Society 144

Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) 5, 17, 

21, 23, 25, 37, 45, 47, 57, 67, 77, 83, 107, 109, 117, 

135, 141

Revolutionary Cells 39

Revolutionary Justice Organization 52

Revolutionary Nuclei 141

Revolutionary Organization 17 November 135, 141

www.nctc.gov 151
Revolutionary People’s Liberation Party/Front 141

Revolutionary People’s Liberation Party Front (DHKP/C) 

49

Revolutionary Popular Struggle (ELA) 83

Revolutionary Proletarian Nucleus 144

Revolutionary Struggle 9, 113

Revolutionary United Front (RUF) 144

Richard Welch 107

Ricin 129

Riot Control Agents 126

RIRA (Real IRA) 67, 136, 141

Riyadus-Salikhin Reconnaissance and Sabotage Battalion 

of Chechen Martyrs 144

Robert Stethem 53, 54, 56, 58

S

Sahiron, Radullan 96

Saif al-Adel 16

Salafist Group for Call and Combat (GSPC) 144

Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat (GSPC) 81, 102

Saleh Nabhan 137

Sarin 47, 57, 126, 127

The Satanic Verses 61, 87

Saudi Hizballah 55

Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia 73

Seitz, Ed 91

Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) 45, 85, 136, 141

17 November 33, 51, 57, 61, 69, 85, 97, 107, 135

Shallah, Ramadan Abdullah Mohammed 86

Shaykh Swedan 137

Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) 45, 85, 136, 141

Shukrijumah 22

Siddiqui, Aafia 137

Sirajuddin Haqqani 38

Smallpox 124

Smokeless Powder 121

Sobero, Guillermo 47, 92, 96

Solaiman, Abu 137

Soman 126

Special Purpose Islamic Regiment 145

Stansell, Keith 21, 57

State Sponsors of Terrorism 140

Stethem, Robert 53, 54, 56, 58

Sudan 140

Sugar 121

Suspicions, Have 139

Suspicious

Indicators of Financial Activity 131

Substance 123

Swedan, Shaykh 137

Syria 140

T

Tabun 126

TAK (Kurdistan Freedom Hawks) 115

Taliban 20, 27, 47, 71

Tanzim Qa‘idat al-Jihad fi Bilad al-Rafidayn (Al-Qa‘ida in 

Iraq) 141

Tehrik-e Taliban Pakistan 87, 137

Terrorism Definitions 142

Terrorist Document Indicators 132

Terrorist Exclusion List Designees 141, 143

Thomas Howes 21, 57

Thor David Hesla 38

Timothy McVeigh 37

Top, Noordin 61

Toxic Industrial Chemicals/Chlorine 128

Travel Documents, Indicators of False 132

Tunisian Combat Group 145

Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) 37, 105

Turkish Hizballah 145

25 April Movement 99

U

UBL 6, 21, 25, 53, 77, 83, 87, 95, 106

Ulster Defense Association 145

‘Umar ‘Abd al-Rahman 83, 138

Umar Patek 78

Ummah Tameer E-Nau (UTN) 145

United Liberation Front of Asom 5, 109

United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia 141

Usama al-Kini 137

Usama Bin Ladin 6, 8, 21, 25, 53, 77, 83, 87, 95, 106

Usman, Abdul Basit 82

USS Cole 40, 42, 87, 103

V

VBIED (Vehicle-Borne Improvised Explosive Devices) 

121

Vehicle-Borne Improvised Explosive Devices (VBIED) 

121

Vesicants 126

VX 126

W

Welch, Richard 107

Welding gas 121

William Buckley 27

William Nordeen 57

WITS (Worldwide Incidents Tracking System) 134

Wood 121

World Trade Center 4, 6, 7, 11, 18, 21, 47, 77, 111, 138

Worldwide Incidents Tracking System (WITS) 134

152 Counterterrorism 2010 
Y

Yasin, Abdul Rahman 18

Yousef, Ramzi Ahmed 7, 111, 138

Youssef M. Nada & Co. Gesellschaft M.B.H. 145

Z

Zacarias Moussaoui 41

Zafar, Qari Mohammad 32

Zubaydah, Abu 116, 138

Zulkarnaen 80

Zulkifli bin Hir 74

www.nctc.gov 153
+3 +2 +1 0 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +9 +11 +10 +12 -3 -2 -1 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -11 -10 -12

+3 +2 +1 0 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +9 +11 +10 +12 -3 -2 -1 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -11 -10

Standard Time Zones of the World

-12

154 Counterterrorism 2010 
January

S M T W T F S

1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19 20 21 22

23 24 25 26 27 28 29

30 31

February

S M T W T F S

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

13 14 15 16 17 18 19

20 21 22 23 24 25 26

27 28

March

S M T W T F S

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

13 14 15 16 17 18 19

20 21 22 23 24 25 26

27 28 29 30 31

April

S M T W T F S

1 2

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 11 12 13 14 15 16

17 18 19 20 21 22 23

24 25 26 27 28 29 30

May

S M T W T F S

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

8 9 10 11 12 13 14

15 16 17 18 19 20 21

22 23 24 25 26 27 28

29 30 31

June

S M T W T F S

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8 9 10 11

12 13 14 15 16 17 18

19 20 21 22 23 24 25

26 27 28 29 30

July

S M T W T F S

1 2

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 11 12 13 14 15 16

17 18 19 20 21 22 23

24 25 26 27 28 29 30

August

S M T W T F S

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11 12 13

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27

28 29 30 31

September

S M T W T F S

1 2 3

4 5 6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14 15 16 17

18 19 20 21 22 23 24

25 26 27 28 29 30

October

S M T W T F S

1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19 20 21 22

23 24 25 26 27 28 29

30 31

November

S M T W T F S

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

13 14 15 16 17 18 19

20 21 22 23 24 25 26

27 28 29 30

December

S M T W T F S

1 2 3

4 5 6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14 15 16 17

18 19 20 21 22 23 24

25 26 27 28 29 30 31

2011

www.nctc.gov 155
1. Keep caller on the line—the longer he/she talks, the more we can learn.

2. Record as much of the message as possible on the form below—try to get exact words.

3. Tell the caller (if applicable) that the building is occupied and that the threatened action could result in the death or serious 

injury to many innocent persons.

4. Immediately upon termination of the call, report information to Security.

Date Time of 

Call

Time Caller 

Hung Up Ext. No.

Exact message (if possible):

Ask Caller:

• Where is bomb located? (Building, Floor, Room, etc.)

• When will it go off?

• What did it look like?

• Why?

• Who put it there?

• Caller’s Name

Information About Caller:

• Where is caller? (Describe background and level of noise)

• Sex: Male Female

• Pitch of Voice: Low Moderate High

• Speech: Stutter Accent Peculiar Dialect

• Other:

• Estimated age:

• Name & Room Number of Person Receiving Call:

Bomb Threat Call Procedures

Caller’s Voice Background Sounds Threat Language

Calm

Angry

Excited

Slow

Rapid

Soft

Loud

Laughter

Crying

Normal

Distinct

Slurred

Nasal

Stutter

Lisp

Raspy

Deep

Ragged

Clearing Throat

Deep Breathing

Crackling Voice

Disguised

Accent

Whispered

Street Noises

Crockery

Voices

PA System

Music

House Noises

Motor

Office 

Machinery

Factory 

Machinery

Animal Noises

Clear

Static

Local

Long Distance

Booth

Other

Well Spoken (Educated)

Foul

Irrational

Message Read by Threat Maker

Taped

Incoherent

Report Call Immediately To:

Name:

Phone Number:

Today’s Date:

Your Name:

Position:

Phone Number:

If the voice is familiar, who did it sound like?

156 Counterterrorism 2010