Appendix E 

Energy and Minerals 

This appendix provides detailed background on mineral and energy developments. 

In this appendix: 

Reasonably Foreseeable Mineral and Energy Developments in the Eugene, Roseburg, and 

Medford Districts and the Klamath Falls Resource Area of the Lakeview District . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-3 

Restrictions and Requirements on Mineral and Energy Exploration and Development Activity . . . . . . . E-33 

E - 1
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

E – 2
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Reasonably Foreseeable Mineral and Energy 

Developments Summary 

Table E-1. Fluid Mineral Development Potential 

Eugene Roseburg Medford Klamath Falls 

Conventional 

Oil/Gas N/A Zero to 114 wells N/A N/A 

Seismic notices 

of intent 

Expected to be confined to existing 

road systems; negligible effects. 

Road construction 7 miles new road = 39 acres. 

Well pad Nested wells and services = 114 acres. 

Collection pipe: Collection piping will utilize road prism. 

Plug & 

abandon wells No additional effect. 

Coal bed 

natural gas N/A N/A N/A N/A 

Seismic notices 

of intent 

Road construction 

Well pad 

Collection pipe: 

Plug & 

abandon wells 

Geothermal N/A N/A N/A See below. 

For Klamath Falls Resource Area: 

Geophysical Exploration (includes seismic reflection and gravity/magnetic field surveys): 

- Notices of Intent: 2; Very small acres disturbed 

- Exploratory Wells: 1-2: 0.1 acre per site; .25 acre per well for roads. 0.35-0.7 acres total disturbance 

Geothermal Operations: 

-Notices of Intent: 

Surface Geophysical Surveys: 6: very limited surface disturbance 

Temperature Gradient Holes: 5: 0.1 acre per site; .25 acre per well for roads. 2.25 acres total disturbance 

Exploration wells: 5 wells; One acre per well pad; 40 ft. wide ROW @ 0.5 mile per well = 17 acres total disturbance 

Geothermal Power Plant Development: 

1 possible in the life of the plan; if proposed, evaluate separately in cooperation with the State. 

Direct Use of Geothermal Energy for space heat: 

2 possible; evaluate separately if proposed 

E – 3
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Table E-2. Salable Mineral Development Scenario Summary For 2008-2018 

Roseburg Salem Eugene Coos Bay Medford Klamath Falls 

New quarries 1 5 2 5 3 1 to 2 

Acres disturbed 2 acres per quarry, plus 1⁄2 acre for access. 2 to 3 acres per quarry, 

plus 1⁄2 acre for access. 

Existing quarries 60 

6 quarries expanded 

@ 2 acres per quarry 

38 

8 quarries expanded. 

Less than 2 

acres per quarry. 

71 

4 quarries expanded 

at approximately 1 

acre each. 

32 

6 quarries expanded. 

Less than 2 acres 

each quarry. 

188 

10% of quarries 

expanded at less 

than1 acre per 

quarry, plus 1/10 

acre per quarry for 

new access. 

18 quarry & cinder sites 

used 

Intermittently. 

Depletions 10 quarries 2 quarries 2 quarries 1 quarry 5 quarries Up to 4 quarries 

Decorative stone 3 to 6 sales per year 1 to 2 sales per year 750 sales over the 

10-year period 1 to 2 sales per year 

Table E-3. Locatable Mineral Development Scenario 

Roseburg Salem Eugenea Coos Bay Medford 

Klamath 

Falls 

Bench Placer notices 2 10 6 6 80 0 

Roads 0.3 acres per 0.3 acres per 0.3 acres per 0.3 acres per 

Of 80 estimated, 

10 would have roads at 1⁄2 acre 

per notice.

 0 

Test pits, support 

facility 1 acre per notice 1 acre per notice 1 acre per notice 1 acre per 

notice 1 acre per notice on average. 

Notice to plan 1 1 0 1 0 0 

Vein notices 2 4 4 one 

100 notices; surface disturbance 

1 to 5 acres per notice. 4 

Roads 

3 per notice 

40x200 = 1⁄2 acre 

per notice 

3 per notice 

40X200=1/2 

acre per notice 

3 per notice 

40x200= 

1⁄2 acre per notice 

3 per notice 

40x200= 

1⁄2 acre per 

notice 

Mostly existing roads; minimal 

temporary roads; estimate 0.50­

acre for half of the notices; and 

zero acres for the other half of 

the notices. 

Mostly existing 

roads; minimal 

temporary roads. 

Support facilities 1 acre per notice 1 acre per notice 1 acre per notice 1 acre per 

notice 

1 acre for half of 

the notices (many current notices 

take ore off-site 

for processing). 

Sample sites 1⁄2 acre per notice 0.50-acre per notice 0.50-acre per notice 

0.50-acre per 

notice 

Ten holes per notice; 0.1 acre per 

hole; estimate 

1/5 of the notices will drill a hole. 

Ten holes per 

notice; 

0.1 acre per hole. 

Plans of Operation 1 1 1 1 15 (lode & placer) 0 

Exploratory holes 

5; 0.1 acre per 

hole; roads 

40x300= 0.75 

acre 

Ten; 0.1 acre per 

hole; roads 

40x300= 0.75 

acre 

Ten; 0.1 acre per 

hole; roads 

40x300= 

0.75 acre 

Ten; 0.1 acre 

per hole; roads 

40x300= 

0.75 acre 

Ten; 0.1 acre per hole; roads 

40x300= 0.75 

acre. Estimate 

1⁄2 of the plans will be lodes and 

have exploratory holes. 

Support facility 1 acre 1 acre 1 acre 1 acre 1 acre per plan 

Second Phase Exploration 

Roads 5 (standard as 

above)= 2.5 acres 

10 (standard 

as above)= 2.5 

acres 

10 (standard as 

above)= 

2.5 acres 

10 (standard as 

above)= 

2.5 acres 

Mostly existing roads; minimal 

temporary roads; estimate 1⁄2 acre 

for 1⁄2 of the plans;zero acres for 

the other half of the plans. 

E – 4
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Roseburg Salem Eugenea Coos Bay Medford 

Klamath 

Falls 

Drill pads 10 holes, 0.1 

acre per hole 

10 holes, 

0.1 acre per hole 

10 holes, 

0.1 acre per 

hole 

10 holes, 0.1 

acre per hole; on 

1⁄4 of the plans. 

Mine Development 

Bench placer One; 1 acre One, 7.5 acres one; 7.5 acres 

Eight of the plans are estimated 

to be bench placers at five acres 

per plan. 

Lode One one None 

Seven of the plans are estimated 

to be lodes with 

one requiring a 

25 acre heap leach. 

Surface excavation 1 acre 10 acres 5 acres per plan. 

Stockpile topsoil 1 acre 2acres 1 acre per plan. 

Support facility 1 acre 2acres 1 acre per plan. 

Roads 1 acre 2 acres Less than 1 

acre per plan. 

Mineral Processing Done offsite Done offsite One acre for half of the plans. 

Silica sand deposit One *See footnote one 0 

Mine site 21 acres 20 acres 

Stockpile heavy 

minerals One acre 2 acres 

vegetation stockpile One acre 1⁄2 acre 

Office & magnetic 

separation One acre One acre 

Laterite 

placer plan of 

operation One plan 0 

Exploratory 

Holes drilled 

10 @ 0.1 acre 

per hole 

New temporary 

Roads 0.75 acres total 

Support facility One acre 

Second Phase Expansion 

Temporary roads 2.5 acres total 

Ten additional drill 

holes One acre total 

Recreational mining 5 notices; 2 

Acres total 

30 notices; 

7.5 acres total 

30 notices; 

7.5 acres total 

30 notices; 

7.5 acres total 

800 

Estimate 300 acres, this is 

disturbance only under the water 

level. 

See suction 

dredging above. 

a

 Eugene footnote: Locatable minerals with silica sand potential withdrawn from mineral entry in the Florence area. However, sand is excavated and removed from BLM property near Florence, 

Oregon, on an easement granted to the adjacent landowner. 

E – 5
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Foreseeable Development of Oil and Gas Resources 

Scenario for the BLM Eugene, Roseburg, and 

Medford Districts and the Klamath Falls Resource 

Area of the Lakeview District 

Summary 

This report estimates the potential for occurrence of oil and gas activity on Federal acreage managed by 

the BLM in the Eugene, Roseburg, and Medford Districts, and in the Klamath Falls Resource Area of 

the Lakeview District during the next 10 years. The analysis is based on current developments within 

and outside of these Districts, including historical Oil and Gas investigations that began with the first 

exploration well drilled near Newberg in 1902. This analysis compliments the similar discussion for the 

Coos Bay and Salem Districts where proven hydrocarbon resources exist. 

It is expected that, with a few exceptions, most public domain and revested Oregon and California Railroad 

Grant lands will be available for leasing of hydrocarbon energy resources subject to management by guiding 

stipulations. A review of oil and gas occurrence Potential, oil and gas system and play analysis, oil and gas 

production activities, potential for resource occurrence and development, and leasing was made to establish 

the oil and gas potential presented here. This information was used to project activity through 2018. Given 

the current incipient nature of petroleum development in Oregon in 2007 (i.e., current coalbed natural gas 

development and new exploration of the Mist Gas Field), completely new assumptions and information that 

could impact Reasonably Foreseeable Development scenarios for each district may occur during the course 

of the next 10 years and beyond. 

The districts are in western Oregon and encompass lands within all or parts of eight counties: Linn, Lane, 

Douglas, Jackson, Josephine, Curry, Coos, and Klamath. The potential for occurrence of conventional 

petroleum in the districts has been the focus of numerous studies. These investigations have resulted in one 

developed field in the Salem District (Mist Gas Field), beginning with a discovery well in 1979. A prospect 

for coalbed natural gas is being developed in the Coos Bay District. However, small amounts of conventional 

and unconventional oil and gas have been found throughout western Oregon, based on the projected 

sedimentary basins. 

Research has identified sedimentary basins, petroleum systems, and coal basins. Based on these petroleum 

systems, five plays and associated prospects have been identified. The research cited within this report 

projects that these plays have low to moderate potentials for development. 

Based on BLM protocol for mineral potentials, it is further projected that the Eugene and Medford 

Districts, and the Klamath Falls Resource Area have low to moderate potential for petroleum occurrence 

and low potential for development. Therefore, it is unlikely that petroleum will be developed in these BLM 

administrative areas within the 10-year Reasonably Foreseeable Development scenario for the planning 

area. The Roseburg District contains plays, prospects, and an area of focused petroleum shows that project 

a moderate potential for petroleum occurrence and a moderate potential for development. The BLMadministered acreage with this moderate potential is approximately 37,000 acres. 

It is anticipated that the Roseburg BLM-administered lands could have a development of up to 114 wells, 

with total disturbed acreage up to approximately 153 acres within the 10-year Reasonably Foreseeable 

Development scenario. 

E – 6
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Introduction 

This Reasonably Foreseeable Development (RFD) describes scenarios for leasable oil and gas commodities 

within lands managed by the BLM’s Eugene, Roseburg, and Medford Districts and the Klamath Falls 

Resource Area of the Lakeview District (collectively referred to as districts). The purpose of this RFD 

scenario is to provide models that anticipate the level and type of future petroleum development activity 

in the planning area, and to serve as the basis for analyzing cumulative impacts. The RFD first describes 

historic and current development. Future trends and assumptions for hypothetical exploration and 

extraction operations are then described. All projections are estimates based on available information 

presented in the Historic and Current Development section. 

Methodology 

Extensive review of existing literature was completed, as well as acquisition of unpublished information. 

Resulting information, such as prospects, plays, basins, exploration wells, seeps, coal exposures, and 

petroleum encounters in water wells, were crafted into Geographic Information Systems (GIS) map layers. 

These layers were then incorporated into GIS maps of BLM-administered lands and geologic mapping. The 

results provided quantifiable locations and acreages estimates of petroleum potentials, or lack of, for BLMadministered lands within each district boundary (USDI BLM 2008). 

Scope 

This RFD is based on the known and inferred mineral resource capabilities of the lands involved, and applies 

to conditions and assumptions discussed under Historic and Current Development, as well as Future Trends 

and Assumptions. Changes in geologic data, interpretation, and/or economic conditions that alter the RFD 

may result in deviation of these projections over time. 

Impacts caused by oil and gas development, as well as impacts to oil and gas development, cannot be 

assessed without estimating future oil and gas activity. Such estimates of future activity incorporate: 

• oil and gas occurrence potential, as documented by historic research and papers 

• oil and gas system and play analysis (including existing plays currently developed and the potential 

development for new plays such as identified sediment basins and Coalbed Natural Gas 

• oil and gas production, including economics and technology 

• potential for resource occurrence and development 

• leasing and development, including Federal and non-Federal activities 

The above factors cannot be predicted with certainty, but some generalizations are possible. The estimates 

presented here are based on past and present activities as well as on trends within and without the Districts, 

including future price deviations. These estimates may be lower than what may actually happen if price 

and play developments are more positive than anticipated. Likewise, if expansion of existing plays is not 

successful, if new plays are not developed, and/or if commodity prices are less than anticipated, these 

estimates may be exaggerated. 

E – 7
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Historic and Current Development 

Oil and Gas Occurrence Potential 

The districts encompass lands in eight counties, including Linn, Lane, Douglas, Jackson, Josephine, Curry, 

Coos, and Klamath counties. The districts are located in western, southwestern, and southern Oregon. The 

BLM-management extends to both Public Domain (PD) and revested Oregon and California Railroad 

(O&C) lands. It is expected that most of these lands will be available for mineral leasing. 

Petroleum development in the districts has been the focus of numerous studies such as Dillar (1909, 1914, 

as found in Weissenborn 1969 and others), Washburne (1914 as found in Olmstead et al. 1989), Stewart and 

Newton (1954), Newton (1969), Newton (1980), Olmstead et al. (1989), Niem and Niem (1990), and Ryu et 

al. (1996). The districts have also been the focus of numerous industry explorations and investigations, by 

such companies as Northwest Natural (Oregon Natural Gas Development), Mobil Oil Corporation, Methane 

Energy Corporation, Standard Oil Company of California, Guarantee Oil Company, Sinclair Oil & Gas 

Company, Amoco, as well as numerous others (Olmstead et al. 1989, Niem and Niem 1990, Stewart and 

Newton 1954, Meyer 2007). 

Although exploration of Western Oregon has been more or less continuous since 1902, three major 

peaks of petroleum exploration have occurred. The first took place between 1920 and 1940. This peak of 

exploration was very wide-spread, as there was little geologic information guiding the exploration. The 

second peak occurred between 1940 and 1960, and investigated the deeper Oligocene and Eocene marine 

sediments. This phase culminated in the discovery of the Mist Gas Field in 1979 (Olmstead et al. 1989, 

Olmstead and Alger 1985, Houston 1997). The third occurred in the 1980s, with the placement of deep 

wells up to 13,177 feet total depth (Niem and Niem 1990). This third peak has continued into the search 

and development of unconventional petroleum resources such as Coalbed Natural Gas, with a play being 

developed in the Coos Bay Basin. 

Little oil and gas exploration has been conducted in the Medford District and Klamath Resource Area 

(Niewendorp 2008, Wiley 2008, Wells 2008). Oil and gas exploration wells have been drilled, with at least 

two shows (see Figure E-1). A potential oil shale deposit was also been identified. These are located in or 

near a delineated coalfield, identified as the Rogue River Coalfield (Olmstead et al. 1989, Stewart 1954, 

Sidle 1981; Jackson County 1989, 2004, 2006). Most energy investigations have focused on geothermal 

explorations (Niewendorp 2008). 

E – 8
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Figure E-1. Western Oregon Oil and Gas Investigations and Projections 

Source: USDI BLM 2008, Olmstead et al. 1989, Niem and Niem 1990, Newton et al. 1980, Stewart and Newton 1954, Sidle 1981, 

Newton 1969, Kvenvolden et al.1995, Mason and Erwin 1955 

E – 9
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Oil and Gas System and Plays 

The Eugene and Roseburg Districts are part of a structural sedimentary basin system that extends onshore 

and offshore from the Klamath Terrains boundary north to the Columbia River (extending into Washington 

as the Puget-Willamette Trough); from the continental shelf east to the Cascade Mountain/Willamette Valley 

interface. This is known as the Western Tertiary Basin Province (Olmstead et al. 1989). This province has been 

of interest for petroleum exploration since the 1880s (Newton 1969, Orr and Orr 2000), with exploratory oil 

and gas drilling beginning in 1902 near Newberg (Stewart and Newton 1954, Olmstead et al. 1989). 

The northern portion of the Western Tertiary Basin Province possesses at least six identified basins or subbasins (Newton 1969, Orr and Orr 2000, Olmstead et al. 1989). These basins include: 

• Tualatin Basin (a sub-basin of the Willamette Valley) 

• Willamette Valley 

• Newport Basin (a sub-basin of the larger off-shore Newport Basin) 

• Tillamook Basin (a sub-basin of the larger off-shore Newport Basin) 

• Astoria Basin 

• Nehalem Basin (or arch) 

Of these, the Willamette Basin extends into the Eugene District (see Figure E-2). 

The Willamette Valley basin extends from the southern end of the Puget Sound Trough at the Columbia 

River south into the Eugene District. This basin is mapped adjacent to the Tyee Basin through parts of the 

Salem District and the Eugene District (see Figure E-2 and Figure E-3) (Newton 1969, Ryu et al. 1996). The 

lower rock, or basement rock, is the Eocene Siletz River Volcanics or Kings Valley Siltstone. Overlying these 

are sandstones and siltstones to the Eocene Nonconformity. This nonconformity is covered by volcanics, 

overlain by sandstone, limestone, and coal beds. The assemblage is capped by the Columbia River Basalts, 

which are covered by tuff and silt. The petroleum potential boundary in the Eocene rock is defined to 

the east by the change from marine sediment to volcanic sediment (facies change) (Newton 1969) (see 

Figure E-2). Numerous wells with gas shows have been drilled within the valley. The eastern edge of the 

valley provides numerous possibilities for structural traps, with the marine beds providing source rock 

for petroleum accumulations. Even though numerous holes have been drilled and source and structure 

is present, true potential has not been clearly defined. The Eocene Nonconformity (marine facies) is at 

maximum the mapped depth of 5,000 feet below sea level (Newton, 1969). 

The southern portion of the Western Tertiary Basin Province is identified as the Tyee Basin. This basin 

extends north from the Klamath Terrains to approximately the Lincoln City-Salem Latitude (Ryu et al, 

1996). The Tyee Basin is actually composed of two basins: the NE-SW oriented Umpqua basin of early 

Eocene age and the north-south oriented Tyee Forearc Basin of middle Eocene age. The Umpqua Basin is 

divided by the Umpqua Arch, composed of a volcanic high. The two sub-basins include the Smith River 

Sub-Basin, located east of Florence and Reedsport, and the Myrtle Point-Sutherlin Sub-Basin along the 

southern boundary (Ryu et al. 1992, 1996). The Yaquina Sub-Basin of the Salem District could be considered 

as part of the Tyee Basin, as well as the southern portion of the Willamette Valley Sub-Basin (Ryu et al. 1996; 

Newton 1969). The Coos Basin overlies and bounds by mapping, the Tyee Basin to the west (Ryu et al. 1996) 

(refer to Figure E-2). 

The basin structure is controlled by compression resulting from the subducting easterly moving Juan de 

Fuca plate in relation to the overriding westerly moving North American Plate. The fold axes are oriented 

north-south (Orr and Orr 2000). The northern basins are defined by the contact between the Miocene 

or Oligocene rock and Eocene rock. This is a point of erosion of the Eocene rock, which was covered by 

Miocene or Oligocene rock, defined as a nonconformity (unconformity if covered by Miocene or Oligocene 

E – 10
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Figure E-2. Basic Underlying Geology 

Source: Newton 1969, Ryu et al. 1996 

E – 11
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Figure E-3. Basin, Petroleum Systems, Plays, and Prospects 

Sources: USDI BLM 2008, Olmstead et al. 1989, Niem and Niem 1990, Newton et al. 1980, Stewart 

and Newton 1954, Sidle 1981, Newton 1969, Kvenvolden et al. 1995, Mason and Erwin 1955 

E – 12
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

sedimentary rock). This break in the geologic column is considered the Eocene nonconformity and a focus 

of petroleum exploration. The Eocene rocks consist of marine sediments, with latter sedimentation creating 

coal beds in many areas (Newton 1969) (refer to Figure E-2).

The Tyee Basin structure is a result of compressional tectonics. However, rotation of tectonic forces 

produced differing orientations for the Umpqua Basin and the Tyee Forearc Basin (Ryu et al. 1996, Wells 

et al. 2000). In general, the projected conventional oil and gas systems result from organic rich source rock 

and coal from the Umpqua Basins being trapped by the rock of the overlying Tyee Forearc Basin (Ryu et al. 

1996). The coal seams of the Coos Basin (Coos Bay District) are currently being investigated for coal bed 

natural gas. However, deeper source rocks may exist and contribute to the coal bed natural gas resource. 

These source rocks would be part of the underlying Tyee Basin (Pappajohn 2007, Newton et al. 1980). 

Based on geologic interpretation and petroleum exploration, Ryu et al. (1996) identified petroleum systems, 

plays, and prospects within the Tyee Basin. An oil and/or gas play is an area, geologic formation, or geologic 

trend that has good potential for oil and/or gas development, or is generating a large amount of interest in 

leasing and drilling (USDI BLM 2001). As defined by Magoon (1988 as found in Ryu et al. 1996): 

• A Petroleum System is a relationship of source rock and the resulting petroleum accumulation. 

This relationship contains a source rock for petroleum; migration paths; reservoir rock; seal; trap; 

and the appropriate geologic processes that form these hydrocarbon materials. The extent of the 

Petroleum System can be delineated as an area that contains both the mature source rock and 

oil or gas accumulations. The name of the Petroleum System would consist of the name of the 

source rocks, followed by the name of the reservoir rock, followed by the level of certainty for its 

occurrence. 

There are three levels of certainty: known, hypothetical, and speculative. Known systems have a strong 

geochemical match between the source rocks and an existing petroleum accumulation. These are identified 

in the name by an exclamation point in parentheses: (!). Hypothetical systems have geochemical data that 

identify a source rock, but do not link the source rock to a known petroleum accumulation. These are 

identified in the name by a period in parentheses: (.). An example is the Mist Gas Field. The Speculative 

system has geological or geophysical evidence used to project the existence of a link between source rocks and 

potential petroleum accumulations. These are identified in the name by a question mark in parentheses: (?). 

• A Play is the existence of a trap (a geologic structure that allows petroleum to accumulate) that is 

detectable with geological, geophysical, or geochemical technology. A play does not need all of the 

elements of a petroleum system. 

• A Prospect is a drillable trap that is located within a play. 

Ryu et al. (1996) identified three distinct speculative petroleum systems, five distinct plays, and three 

distinct gas prospects within the Tyee Basin (refer to Figure E-3). The identified petroleum systems include: 

• The Umpqua-Dothan-White Tail Ridge (?) Hybrid Petroleum System : There is a potential of dry gas 

(methane) from buried coals and carbonaceous mudstone of the White Tail Ridge Formations, 

with migrations to traps of the Tyee Sandstones. Because there is no known connection between 

the potential source of petroleum and the potential traps and because there is no known 

commercial accumulations of natural gas, the system is considered speculative. According to BLM 

GIS-based estimates, the total acreage of this petroleum system is approximately 574,000 acres. Of 

this, approximately 215,000 acres are within the Coos Bay District, approximately 352,000 acres are 

within the Roseburg District, and approximately 8,000 acres are within the Medford District. 

E – 13
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

• The Umpqua-lower Tyee Mountain (?) Petroleum System; Basin Center Gas (? ): This system may 

contain a tight-gas sandstone reservoir, collecting thermogenic (temperature-induced conversion 

to petroleum) wet-gas and oil derived from mudstone of the Umpqua Group. The model projects 

natural gas migrating along fractures to accumulate in Tyee Mountain turbidite sandstones. An 

unconventional mudstone reservoir is possible in the Umpqua Group. According to BLM GIS, the 

total acreage of this petroleum system is approximately 145,000 acres. Of this, approximately 116,000 

are within the Coos Bay District and approximately 29,000 acres are within the Eugene District. 

• The Spencer-White Tail Ridge-Western Cascade Arc (?) Petroleum System : The petroleum sources 

of this system are the coals and carbonaceous mudstone and sandstones of the Spencer Formation 

and White Tail Ridge Formation, generated by the deep burial and heating by the Western 

Cascades arc plutons. The reservoir rock would be the overlying sandstones and delta facies. 

According to BLM GIS, the approximate total acreage of this petroleum system is 119,000 acres. Of 

this, approximately 69,000 acres are within the Eugene District and approximately 50,000 acres are 

within the Roseburg District. 

All of these systems are considered speculative. Additional drilling and exploration may alter that qualifier 

(or completely remove the potential). As an example, the Mist Gas Field was considered a speculative field 

until the discovery well was drilled in 1979, which lead to its designation as a gas field (Ryu et al. 1996). 

In addition to the three petroleum systems, Ryu et al. (1996) have identified five different plays described 

below in the order of their potential to produce hydrocarbons, as shown in Figure E-3: 

1. The Williams River-Burnt Ridge anticlinal Plays: This is a complex domal structure in the Tyee 

Formation (Play 1 of 5). Natural gas might be found in the lower Umpqua strata in the footwall 

beneath Siltez River Volcanics. The White Tail Ridge sandstone could also serve as a trap. Isolated 

faults and thrust faults, as well as pinchouts and unconformities, also provide potential traps. A 

gas prospect may exist within this play. According to BLM GIS, the total acreage of this play is 

approximately 94,000 acres. Of this, approximately 20,000 acres are within the Roseburg District 

and approximately 74,000 acres are within the Coos Bay District. 

2. Western Cascades plays and Bonanza thrust near Nonpareil: This system incorporates anticlines 

and faults, including the extension of the Bonanza Fault, at the contact of the Tyee Basin and the 

Western Cascades (Play 2 of 5). The potential reservoir rocks include the Spence and White Tail 

Ridge formations. Source rock includes several one- to six-foot thick coal beds, carbonaceous 

sandstone, and mudstone. Other plays may exist in the foothills of the Western Cascades, with 

the buried Spencer Formation being the structural or stratigraphic play. The Spencer Formation 

is exposed from Glide to Cottage Grove. A gas prospect is projected within the play. According to 

BLM GIS, the total approximate acreage of this play is 64,000 acres, all of which is contained within 

the Roseburg District. 

3. Klamath Mountains sub-thrust play, Glide area: It is interpreted that the Klamath Mountains 

(Klamath Terrains) are thrust over the Coast Range rocks, burying parts of the Southern Tyee 

Basin. Possible plays may exist in the underlying Tyee Basin stratigraphy in the areas of the 

Wildlife Safari fault and southeast and southwest of Glide (Play 3 of 5). The White Tail Ridge 

Formation is the potential reservoir unit with source being derived from the Remote Member 

and Tenmile Formations. However, it is debated whether the Tyee stratigraphy (Siletz River 

Basalts) formed in place through an abandoned rift zone. This would mean that there is no 

overthrusting of the Klamath Terrains over the Tyee Basin, and therefore no associated traps 

or plays (Ryu et al. 1996). However, more recent geology mapping has indicated that the 

overthrusting does exist (Well et al. 2000, DuRoss et al. 2002, Wells 2008). Therefore, while 

unexplored, potential for petroleum traps along the Klamath Terrains/Tyee Basin boundaries 

may exist. According to BLM GIS, the total approximate acreage of this play is 96,000 acres, all of 

which is contained within the Roseburg District. 

E – 14
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

4. Tyee Mountain anticlinal plays: Several untested anticlines exist in the Tyee Mountain and 

Baughman members of the Tyee Formation beyond the Williams River-Burnt Ridge anticlinal plays 

(Play 4 of 5). Stratigraphic traps could exist along the flanks of the Siletz River Volcanics in the 

Umpqua Arch. A specific untested anticlinal structure exists at Stony Point. While these untested 

structures exist, the potential of the northern anticlines is low when compared to the southern 

anticline systems, due to the lack of maturation, organic-rich source rock, and reservoir rocks. 

However, a gas prospect may exist in the northern portion of the play. According to BLM GIS, the 

total approximate acreage of the play and prospect is 203,000 acres. Of this, approximately 25,000 

acres are located within the Coos Bay District, approximately 91,000 acres are located within the 

Eugene District, and approximately 87,000 acres are located within the Roseburg District. 

5. Anticlinal and subthrust plays in the Myrtle Point-Sutherlin Sub-Basin: These plays consist of 

thrust faults and anticlinal and synclinal folds of rock of the Umpqua Group, Bushnell, and 

White Tail Ridge formation in the Myrtle Point-Sutherlin Sub-Basins. The area of the play is the 

Roseburg-Sutherlin-Glide area (Play 5 of 5). Gas shows have been encountered in tight sandstones 

and methane emanations from water wells. However, there has been no commercial production. 

According to BLM GIS, the total approximate acreage of the play is 60,000 acres, all of which is 

contained within the Roseburg District. 

Additionally, numerous exploration wells, seeps, and petroleum producing water wells exist within the 

districts. As shown in Figure E-6, an area of concentration of petroleum shows is located within the 

Umpqua-Dothan-White Tail Ridge (?) hybrid petroleum system. Although shows are found throughout the 

four districts, this concentration provides a concentrated area of petroleum shows. According to BLM GIS, 

the total acreage of this focus of petroleum shows is approximately 68,000 acres, of which all is contained 

within the Roseburg District. 

All of these structures and systems completely or in part underlay the Eugene and Roseburg Districts. Areas 

of gas and oil exploration and shows also exist throughout the Districts (Olmstead et al. 1989, Niem and 

Niem 1990, Newton et al. 1980, Stewart and Newton 1954, Newton 1969, Sidle 1981, Kvenvolden et al. 1995) 

(refer to Figure E-3). 

The Medford District is south and east of the Tertiary Basin System/Tyee Basin, incorporating Klamath 

accreted terrains in the west and the Cascade Volcanics and Basin and Range structures to the East. The 

Klamath Resource Area of the Lakeview District lies east of the Medford District and incorporates “Basin 

and Range” structures. The accreted Klamath terrains are bound by the Tyee Basin (The Tyee Basin is the 

southern portion of the Western Tertiary Basin System) to the North. They extend into northern California 

and are variously bounded on the east by Cascade Volcanics and rocks within the Basin and Range province. 

The Oregon portion of the Basin and Range province is a northern projection of the crustal extension that 

extends through the southwestern United States. 

Coal exposures and basins exist throughout western Oregon (Mason and Erwin 1955) (refer to Figure 

E-1). One major coal basin has been identified in the Medford District within Jackson County (Sidle 

1981; Jackson County, 1989, 2004, 2006; Weissenborn 1969). This coal field is known as the Rouge River 

Coal Field. The field extends southward from Evans Creek to a point about 10 miles south of the OregonCalifornia border (Weissenborn 1969) (see Figure E-4). According to BLM GIS, the total approximate 

acreage of the Rogue River Coal Field is 221,000 acres, all of which is contained within the Medford District 

boundaries (the portion in California is not analyzed). 

All coal seams in western Oregon could produce coal bed natural gas. However, the true potential is 

unknown, as investigations for coal bed natural gas potential for these seams are just beginning (Wiley 2006, 

Pappajohn 2007, Meyer 2007). Potential could exist within the coal seams of the Umpqua Group, as well as 

with coeval formations north throughout the coast range. If coal bed natural gas is producible in the Coos 

Basin, exploration may extend to other speculative formations (May 2005, Pappajohn 2007). 

E – 15
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Figure E-4. Coal Basins 

Sources: USDI BLM 2008,Olmstead et al. 1989; Niem and Niem 1990, Newton et al. 1980, Stewart and Newton 

1954, Sidle 1981, Newton 1969, Kvenvolden et al. 1995, Mason and Erwin 1955 

E – 16 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Current development of the coal bed natural gas resource is being conducted by the Methane Energy 

Corporation within the Coos Bay District. The company has completed numerous exploratory and 

production wells within the Coos Basin. Based on this exploration, the company has projected a defined 

area for coal bed natural gas development, described as an “Area of Mutual Interest” (AMI). This 

incorporates the Coos Basin (Torrent Energy Corporation 2008). 

The following descriptions of oil and gas occurrence potential are projected for BLM-administered mineral 

rights within the western Oregon Districts. Prospects, Plays, Basins and other potentials overlap district 

boundaries. Therefore, a total system potential may incorporate more than one district. 

Eugene District 

The Eugene District incorporates portions or all of Linn, Lane, and Douglas counties. At least one 

exploration well with shows of oil and gas (Fed-Mapleton 1) and two petroleum seeps are within the Eugene 

District boundary. Sedimentary basins underlying the Eugene District include both the Tyee Basin and 

the Willamette Valley Basin. Two Petroleum Systems extend into the district, as well as the Tyee Mountain 

anticlinal play and its associated Gas Prospect (see Figure E-5) 

Table E-4 represents the approximate acreage of the basins, systems, plays, and prospects located within the 

Eugene District: 

Table E-4. Eugene District Acreages 

System 

Total Acreage 

Within the 

Eugene District 

Total BLM-Managed Surface 

Acreage 

Total BLM-Managed 

Sub-Surface 

Split-Estate Acreage 

Tyee Basin 794,000 160,000 500 

Willamette Sedimentary Basin 252,000 5,000 12,000 

Spencer-White Tail Ridge-Western 

Cascade Arc (?) Petroleum System 69,000 13,000 100 

Umpqua-lower Tyee Mountain (?) 

Petroleum System 29,000 4,000 0 

Tyee Mountain anticlinal play and 

associated gas prospect (Play 4 of 5) 91,000 55,000 0 

E – 17
 
Figure E-5.

Sources: USDI BLM 2008, Olmstead et al. 1989; Niem and Niem 1990, Newton et al. 1980, Stewart and Newton 1954, 

Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

 Eugene District 

Sources: USDI BLM 2008, Olmstead et al. 1989; Niem and Niem 1990, Newton et al. 1980, Stewart and Newton 1954, 

Sidle 1981, Newton 1969, Kvenvolden et al. 1995, Mason and Erwin 1955 

E – 18
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Roseburg District 

The Roseburg District incorporates the major portion of Douglas County, with minor portions of Linn 

and Jackson Counties. The district has been the focus of historical exploration with at least 2 oil and gas 

exploration well shows, 7 exploration gas well shows, 3 exploration oil well shows, 5 petroleum seeps, 

12 petroleum shows in water wells, and 12 coal exposures. Sedimentary basins underlying the Roseburg 

District include the Tyee Basin. Two petroleum systems extend into the Roseburg District, as well as five 

projected plays. One complete gas prospect and another partial gas prospect associated with two plays exist, 

as well as one focused area of petroleum exploration (see Figure E-6). 

Table E-5 represents the approximate acreage of the basins, systems, plays, and prospects within the 

Roseburg District: 

Table E-5. Roseburg District Acreages 

System 

Total Acreage 

Within the 

Roseburg District 

Total BLM-Managed 

Surface Acreage 

Total BLM-Managed 

Sub-Surface 

Split-Estate Acreage 

Tyee Basin 889,000 207,000 300 

Spencer-White Tail Ridge-Western Cascade Arc 

(?) Petroleum System 50,000 11,000 0 

Umpqua-Dothan-White Tail Ridge (?) hybrid 

Petroleum System. 352,000 83, 000 0 

Williams River-Burnt Ridge Anticlinal Play and 

associated Gas Prospect (Play 1 of 5) 20,000 7,000 0 

Western Cascades Plays and Bonanza Thrust 

near Nonpareil and associated Gas Prospect 64,000 10,000 0 

(Play 2 of 5) 

Klamath Mountains Subthrust Play, Glide Area 

(Play 3 of 5) 96,000 18,000 0 

Tyee Mountain Anticlinal play (Play 4 of 5) 87,000 41,000 0 

Anticlinal and Subthrust Plays in the Myrtle PointSutherlin Subbasin (Play 5 of 5) 60,000 3,000 0 

Area of Focused Petroleum Shows 68,000 2,000 0 

E – 19
 
Figure E-6. Roseburg District

Sources: USDI BLM 2008, Olmstead et al. 1989, Niem and Niem 1990, Newton et al. 1980, Stewart and Newton 1954, Sidle 

Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Figure E-6. Roseburg District 

Sources: USDI BLM 2008, Olmstead et al. 1989, Niem and Niem 1990, Newton et al. 1980, Stewart and Newton 1954, Sidle 

1981, Newton 1969, Kvenvolden et al.1995, Mason and Erwin 1955) 

E – 20
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Medford District 

The Medford District incorporates portions or all of Jackson, Josephine, Douglas, Curry and Coos Counties. 

At least two oil and gas exploration wells with shows, one petroleum seep, one oil shale prospect, and 

one coal field exist within the Medford District boundary. A small portion of the Tyee Basin sedimentary 

basin and a petroleum system underlies the northwest part of the district. No plays or prospects have been 

mapped within the District (see Figure E-7). 

Table E-6 represents the approximate acreages of basins, petroleum systems, and coalfields located within 

the Medford District. 

Table E-6. Medford District Acreages 

System 

Total Acreage 

Within the 

Medford District 

Total BLM-Managed 

Surface Acreage 

Total BLM-Managed 

Sub-Surface 

Split-Estate Acreage 

Tyee Basin 20,000 4,000 0 

Umpqua-Dothan-White Tail Ridge (?) 

Hybrid Petroleum System 8,000 2,000 0 

Rogue River Coal Field 221,000 33,000 3,000 

E – 21
 
Figure E-7. 

Sources: USDI BLM 2008, Olmstead et al. 1989, Niem and Niem 1990, Newton et al. 1980, Stewart and 

Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

 Medford District 

Sources: USDI BLM 2008, Olmstead et al. 1989, Niem and Niem 1990, Newton et al. 1980, Stewart and 

Newton 1954, Sidle 1981, Newton 1969, Kvenvolden et al.1995, Mason and Erwin 1955 

E – 22
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Klamath Falls Resource Area of the Lakeview District 

The Klamath Falls Resource Area of the Lakeview District incorporates Klamath County. No recorded 

exploration wells with shows, seeps, water wells with petroleum shows, or coal were found in the 

literature search or in agency communications (see Figure E-8). Most energy wells drilled have been in 

the search and delineation of geothermal energy. It should be noted that the lack of exploration does not 

indicate a lack of petroleum potential, but simply a lack of information. Therefore, future potential cannot 

be analyzed. Gas and oil production has been located in similar basin and range provinces, such as in the 

state of Nevada (Hess 2001). 

Figure E-8. Klamath Falls Resource Area 

Sources: BLM 2008, Olmstead et al. 1989, Niem and Niem 1990, Newton et al. 1980; Stewart 

and Newton 1954, Sidle 1981, Newton, 1969, Kvenvolden et al. 1995; Mason and Erwin 1955 

E – 23
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Oil and Gas Production 

Conventional Oil & Gas Resources 

There is no current petroleum production within the Eugene, Roseburg, or Medford Districts or the 

Klamath Falls Resource Area of the Lakeview District. The only commercial production within Western 

Oregon occurs in the Mist Gas Field, located within the Salem District. 

The Mist Gas Field Designation (see Figure E-9) was initiated with the discovery of natural gas in 1979. 

The main target zone is the reservoir rock of the Clark and Wilson Sandstone (Olmstead and Alger 1985). 

As of 2007, there have been over 45 separate pools identified (Meyer 2007) with two gas storage reservoirs 

(DOGAMI 2003). Locations of additional pools are expected with the use of 3-D Survey (Meyer 2007). 

Current exploration is focused to the northwest of the Mist Gas Field (Houston 2007). However, this is due 

to economics as opposed to existence of resource. All areas north of Vernonia, Oregon could be considered 

possible extensions of the Mist Gas Field (Meyer 2007). 

Annual production for 2005 from the Mist Gas Field was 305 million cubic feet (MMcf), with a total field 

production to date of 70 billion cubic feet (Bcf) (DOGAMI 2007). As of 2006, the Mist Field had produced 

approximately 68 Bcf, with a value of about $140 million (DOGAMI 2007). The State of Oregon applies a 

severance tax of 6% on production, which goes to the common school fund. In total, over 500 oil and gas 

wells have been permitted in the field by 2003 (DOGAMI 2003). There are currently 18 actively producing 

wells, one water disposal well, 21 observation wells, and 20 gas injection and/or withdrawal wells operating 

on the site (DOGAMI 2007). Eight new Applications for Permit to Drill (APD) are being submitted to 

DOGAMI for additional exploration and production wells (Houston 2007). 

An annual production history of the Mist Gas Field for the past 10 years is shown on Table E-4 earlier in this 

appendix (DOGAMI 2003 and 2007). 

Non-Conventional Petroleum (Coal Bed Natural Gas): 

There is currently no coal bed natural gas production in Oregon. However, the Coos Basin, located in Coos 

County, is being developed as a production resource. The current development of the coal bed natural gas 

resource is being conducted by the Methane Energy Corporation. The company has completed numerous 

exploratory and production wells within the Coos Basin. The Methane Energy Corporation has also 

received National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permits for surface disposal of production water. 

The DOGAMI has initiated a public meeting process to establish a Gas Field Designation for the Coos 

Basin. The first public meeting was conducted on January 29, 2007. There is only one other Gas Field 

Designation in Oregon, which is the Mist Gas Field. The Gas Field Designation is required to fulfill state 

requirements regarding well spacing designations, mineral rights, and control drainage. 

Coal bed natural gas development is also beginning in southwest Washington, approximately 20 miles north 

of the Salem District. Exploration is being completed by the Methane Energy Corporation’s sister company (a 

subsidiary of Torrent Energy Corporation), Cascade Energy Corporation (Torrent Energy Corporation 2008). 

There is also interest in the southwest Washington coal fields from Comet Ridge Limited (Meyer 2007). 

Potential for Resource Occurrence and Development 

Potentials for resource occurrence and potentials for resource development (USDI BLM 1985) have been 

estimated for the districts. Definitions for potential for resource occurrence include: 

• Low Potential - Hydrocarbon occurrence is unlikely. 

• Moderate Potential - Conditions exist for hydrocarbons to occur. 

• High Potential - Hydrocarbon shows have be en documented or production has been established. 

E – 24
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Figure E-9. Mist Gas Field, 1999 Boundary 

Source: DOGAMI 2003

E – 25
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Definitions for potential for resource development include: 

• Low Potential - Economic or other conditions would likely preclude development. 

• Moderate Potential - It is reasonable to conclude that development could occur. 

• High Potential - Development is likely to occur within the life of the plan. 

The districts contain two identified sediment basins, three petroleum systems, five plays, three prospects, 

one focused area of petroleum shows, and one identified coal field. However, according to Ryu et al.(1996), 

the southern Tyee Basin (which incorporates the Eugene and Roseburg Districts) has a low to moderate 

petroleum potential. Yet, as shown by the potential systems, plays, and prospects, there are several areas that 

have not been investigated. 

Ryu et al. (1996) have ranked the five plays in order of potential to produce hydrocarbons, with “1” being the 

greatest potential and “5” having the least potential. This is based on the size and closure of the structures; 

position of source, reservoir, and seals; and the timing of the play formation in relation to the timing of 

potential hydrocarbon migration to the play. 

There has been little exploration of portions of the districts outside the Tyee Basin (i.e., Medford District and 

Klamath Falls Resource Area). Therefore, future potential cannot be analyzed. However, gas and oil production 

has been located in similar basin and range provinces, such as in the State of Nevada (Hess 2001). 

Eugene District: 	 Moderate Potential for Occurrence 

Low Potential for Development 

Two sedimentary basins, two petroleum systems, one play, and one prospect have been projected for the 

Eugene District. The sedimentary basins have a low to moderate petroleum potential. The identified play is 

ranked as fourth of five plays in potential. The petroleum systems, plays, and prospect have potential for the 

existence of hydrocarbons (Ryu et al. 1996). Wells and seeps have confirmed the presence of hydrocarbons 

within the district. However, because production has not been established and the play has a low potential in 

its ranking compared to the five identified plays, the potential for occurrence is moderate. 

There is no additional public record that indicates petroleum investigation of lands within the Eugene 

District has occurred since 1996 (Ryu et al. 1996). The last petroleum exploration well was drilled in 1955 

(refer to Figure E-17) (Olmstead et al. 1989). There has been no commercial development of the systems. 

The identified play is ranked fourth of five. Petroleum accumulations would need to be confirmed and the 

petroleum system move to “known” status for resource development to occur. Therefore, the potential for 

development within the plan’s 10-year forecast is low. 

The potential acreage of BLM-administered lands to have moderate potential for occurrence and low potential 

for development is approximately 72,000 acres. 

Roseburg District: 	 Moderate Potential for Occurrence 

Moderate Potential for Development/Low Potential for Development 

One sedimentary basin, two petroleum systems, five plays, two prospects, and one concentration of 

petroleum shows have been projected for the Roseburg District. The sedimentary basin has a low to 

moderate petroleum potential. The identified plays rank from highest to lowest (1 to 5) in potential out of 

five plays. The petroleum systems, plays, and prospects have potential for existence of hydrocarbons (Ryu 

et al. 1996). Numerous wells and seeps have confirmed the presence of hydrocarbons within the district. 

However, because production has not been established, the petroleum systems are speculative, and the plays 

have not been confirmed, the potential for occurrence is moderate. 

E – 26
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

There is no additional public record that indicates petroleum investigation of the lands within the Roseburg 

District has occurred since before 1996 (Ryu et al. 1996). The last petroleum exploration well was drilled 

in 1990 (refer to Figure E-18) (Niem and Niem 1990). There has been no commercial development of the 

systems. However, the projected plays range in a ranking of one to five for potential and there has been a 

definable area of exploration and petroleum shows. Therefore, based on the ranking of the plays and their 

associated petroleum systems, the potential for development within the Plan’s 10-year forecast is low to 

moderate. 

The potential acreage of BLM-administered lands to have moderate potential for occurrence and 

moderate potential for development (Plays 1, 2, and 3 and the area of exploration and petroleum shows) is 

approximately 37,000 acres. 

The potential acreage of BLM-administered lands to have moderate potential for occurrence and low potential 

for development (Plays 4 and 5 and petroleum systems outside of Plays 1, 2, and 3) is approximately 124,000 

acres. 

Medford District: 	 Low Potential for Occurrence 

Low Potential for Development 

Non-Conventional: 	 Moderate Potential for Occurrence 

Low/Moderate Potential for Development 

The Medford District contains petroleum shows, an oil shale prospect, a small portion of a petroleum 

system boundary, and an identified coal field. However, for conventional petroleum systems, there is 

insufficient information for the occurrence of commercial quantities of hydrocarbons. Therefore, the 

potential for occurrence is low. 

Due to the lack of evidence for commercial petroleum accumulations, the potential for development within 

the plan’s 10-year forecast is low. 

Non-conventional petroleum development in the form of coal bed natural gas is occurring within the Coos 

Basin of Oregon and within southwest Washington. The Rogue River Coal Field exists within the Medford 

District. It is known by the nature of coal that methane is associated with the beds. Investigations of known 

coal exposures are currently being done. If coal bed natural gas becomes commercial in the developing 

fields, industry may look at the potential of developing other coal fields (Pappajohn 2007). In addition, 

a single identified Oil Shale prospect also exists. Therefore, the potential for nonconventional oil and gas 

resource occurrence in the Medford District is moderate. 

Currently there is a lack of an existing commercial coal bed natural gas project. If coal bed natural gas 

becomes commercially successful in other districts, development potential of other coal systems could 

occur within the 10-year scenario (Pappajohn 2007). Resource development potential is dependent on the 

future of current enterprises. Although the Medford District does have an oil shale potential and the Energy 

Policy Act of 2005 (U.S. 109th Congress 2005) emphasizes the development of oil shale, any potential for 

future development will be many years away, and the focus of development is on larger prospects within the 

United States. Therefore, the potential for nonconventional development within the plan’s 10-year forecast is 

extremely low. 

The potential acreage of BLM-administered lands to have moderate potential for occurrence and low potential 

for development is approximately 33,000 acres. 

Klamath Falls Resource Area: 	 Low Potential for Occurrence 

Low Potential for Development 

E – 27
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

There are no petroleum seeps or exploration shows, identified sedimentary basins with petroleum 

potentials, petroleum systems, plays, or prospects located within the Klamath Falls Resource Area of the 

Lakeview District. While oil and gas potentials do exist in similar geologic provinces (Basin and Range), 

little to no investigation has been performed within this Resource Area. Energy exploration that has been 

conducted has focused on geothermal potential. Therefore, largely due to the lack of information, the 

potential for occurrence is low. 

Likewise, due to the lack of information, the potential for development within the plan’s 10-year forecast is low. 

Leasing 

After initial field work, research, and subsurface mapping (which may include the acquisition of seismic 

data), leasing is often the next step in oil and gas development. Leasing may be based on speculation, with 

the riskiest leases usually purchased for the lowest prices. 

Leases on lands where the Federal Government manages the oil and gas rights are offered via oral auction. 

Auctions typically occur at least quarterly. The maximum lease size is 2,560 acres, and the minimum 

bid is $2.00 per acre. An administrative fee of $75 per parcel is charged and each successful bidder must 

meet citizenship and legal requirements. Leases are issued for a 10-year term, and a 12.5% royalty rate on 

production is required to be paid. Federal Regulations pertaining to oil and gas leasing are located at 43 CFR 

3100. All monies from lease and royalty receipts are payable to the Mineral Management Service. Leases 

which become productive are “held by production,” and typically do not terminate until all wells on the 

lease have ceased production, with all of the wells plugged and abandoned, and the surface reclaimed to an 

acceptable condition. 

The Oregon-Washington BLM lease sales are generally held on a quarterly basis, offering nominated and 

internally selected lands. Federal oil and gas leases sold within the Oregon/Washington BLM for 2006 have 

ranged from a high of 227,392 acres in the March sale, to a low of 20,919 acres in September. The total lease 

acreage sold from March to December (four sales) was approximately 308,610 acres. From those sales, the 

Oregon/Washington BLM received approximately $5,467,720 in oil and gas lease revenues. 

Non-federal leasing and APDs for production in the State of Oregon are currently focused in the vicinity 

of the Mist Gas Field, the Coos Basin, and Eastern Oregon. The Mist Gas Field currently maintains 16 

production wells. The DOGAMI has recently (2006-2007) received eight APDs submitted for production 

(Houston, 2007). The Coos Basin currently has 115,000 acres of leased land, with three multi-well/single pad 

and single pad/single well production systems. Foreseeable development of the Mist Gas Field in the Salem 

District could result in potentially an additional 10,800 acres of BLM-administered lease offerings. If these 

offerings were sold for the 2006 average of $17.71 per acre, the net receipts would be nearly $191,268. 

At this time, there has been no expressed interest in oil and gas leases in Western Oregon outside of the 

Salem and Coos Bay Districts. 

Future Trends and Assumptions 

Based on history of past exploration; historic, current, and projected development of oil and gas in other 

BLM Districts; mapped geology; and foreseeable development potential in the planning area, activity over 

the next decade may be stable to increasing. Current petroleum developments and interest in other BLM 

Districts in Oregon, and the increasing value of petroleum products (Energy Information Administration 

2007), indicates potential interest within the districts. The supply of natural gas in the region may be 

augmented by one or more proposed Liquefied Natural Gas terminals that may be sited within the districts’ 

boundaries. Oil and gas activity on BLM-administered mineral rights within the Districts is expected to 

consist of competitive and over-the-counter leases, geophysical surveys, and processing of Applications for 

Permit to Drill. 

E – 28
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Some exploration for coal bed natural gas in the form of coal seam investigation and mapping is also 

predicted, especially of the Rouge River Coal Field. However, development of coal bed natural gas in 

the district is not expected within the next 10 years. This is due to the length of research time needed 

to delineate a field and the current rate of advancement of the Coos Basins field. It should be noted that 

if commercial coal bed natural gas developments do occur within the State, other coal bed natural gas 

prospects could develop rapidly. 

Of the districts analyzed, the Roseburg District maintains the highest potential, although moderate in 

classification. Three identified plays and area of exploration have a moderate potential for occurrence and a 

moderate potential for development. Therefore, it is projected that the acreages managed by the Roseburg 

BLM within these plays and area of exploration would have the greatest probability for exploration and 

development within the next 10 years. All of the other Districts analyzed in this study would have a low 

probability for development within the next 10 years. Therefore, acreages of impacts will only be analyzed for 

those BLM-administered moderate potential lands located within the Roseburg District. 

Because the lands in the Roseburg District are considered moderate in potential (USDI BLM 1985) and due 

to the classification of low to moderate potential by Ryu et al. (1996), development of these lands could 

range from none to the maximum. Therefore, while there is no indication of eminent development, the 

following analysis will utilize the maximum potential. That potential is based on development of moderate 

potential lands at one well per 160-acre spacing (spacing currently employed at the Mist Gas Field). The total 

BLM-administered and non-BLM-administered acreage of this defined moderate potential is approximately 

247,000 acres The total acreage of BLM-administered moderate potential lands in the Roseburg District 

is approximately 37,000 acres or 15% of the area. Total well development of both BLM and non-BLM 

managed area would be 1,555 wells. Maximum development on BLM-administered lands would be 228 

wells. However, as these are unproven potentials, and the reservoir will not be uniform, it is unlikely that 

more than 50% of total development will occur within the 10-year scenario. Therefore, given the moderate 

potential of the area, the range of development for BLM lands in the 10-year scenario is 0 to 114 wells. 

Geophysical Exploration 

Geophysical exploration is conducted to try to determine the subsurface geologic structure of an area. The 

three geophysical survey techniques generally used to define subsurface characteristics are measurements of 

the gravitational field, magnetic field, and seismic reflections. 

Gravity and magnetic field surveys usually involve the use of aerial surveillance, utilizing aircraft. There are 

usually no ground disturbing activities to the project areas associated with this analysis. 

Seismic reflection surveys, which are the most common of the geophysical methods, produce the most 

detailed subsurface information. Seismic surveys are accomplished by sending shock waves, generally by a 

small explosion or mechanically vibrating the ground surface. Instruments measure the time and intensity 

with which the waves reflect off stratigraphic layers. This information can be used to depict the subsurface 

structure of the rock. Vibroseis (Thumper) methods vibrate the ground surface to create a shock wave. 

“Thumper” trucks are quite large and are equipped with “pads” that cover about four-feet square. The pads 

are lowered to the ground, and the vibrators are electronically triggered in close coordination with the 

technicians operating the recording equipment. After the signal is recorded, the trucks move forward a short 

distance and the process is repeated. Up to 50 square feet (five square meters) of surface area is required to 

operate the equipment at each recording site. 

The small explosive method requires that charges be detonated on the surface or in a drill hole. Holes for the 

charges are drilled utilizing truck-mounted portable drills to create small-diameter (two or six-inch) holes, 

which are typically drilled to depths of between 50 and 100 feet. Generally 4 to 12 holes are drilled per mile 

of line and a 5 to 50-pound charge of explosives is placed in the hole, covered, and detonated. The created 

shock wave is recorded by geophones placed in a linear fashion on the surface. In rugged terrain, a portable 

E – 29 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

drill carried by helicopter can sometimes be used. A typical drilling seismic operation may utilize 10 to 15 

men operating five to seven trucks, although portable “buggies” that can be hauled behind smaller fourwheel drive All Terrain Vehicles are also commonly used in more sensitive areas. 

Advanced Three Dimensional Survey (3-D Survey) is utilized within the Mist Gas Field. This process 

analyzes five to six miles using lines with 1,700 shot holes at 70-foot spacing. The lines are spaced at 400 

feet apart. The lines are hand brushed (no surface disturbance) for survey. The survey crews utilize an 

Inertial Survey System that allows for accurate surveying without the need to maintain a line of sight. This 

allows flexibility in brushing paths. The shot hole pad is three feet by four feet (3x4) in size. The pad is hand 

cleared to mineral soil with hand tools. The drill rig is then placed on the pad. If existing access to the pad is 

limited, the drill rig is placed and removed by helicopter. The holes are drilled to 15-foot depths. The charge 

is exploded subsurface, leaving no surface expression. Where there is surface expression, the damaged is 

mitigated with hand tools. In open valleys and areas with access, thumper rigs are used, as they disturb even 

less ground. These requirements are in place because the Mist Gas Field is located in Commercial Forest 

land and is required by the land manager to minimize disturbance to near non-existent (Meyer 2007). 

Surface Impacts of Geophysical Explorations 

It is anticipated that the foreseeable geophysical activity in the identified Moderate Potential lands within the 

Roseburg District would consist of the currently used 3-D Seismic process. The total area of the identified 

BLM-administered potential expansion area is approximately 57 square miles (approximately 37,000 acres). 

Using the 3-D spacing of shots, it is anticipated that complete investigation of the area could utilize 16,150 

shots. With pad ground disturbance of 12 square feet, the total disturbance on BLM-administered lands 

could be up to 4.5 acres. This disturbance is created using hand tools, no power tools other than those 

needed for brushing, and, based on experience in the Mist Gas Field, is completely reclaimed within five 

years or less (Meyer 2007). Disturbance will be less where pre-existing roads and/or landings can be used. 

Therefore, estimates to disturbance on non-BLM managed lands are indeterminate. 

Drilling and Production Phase 

Notices of Staking may occur during the plan period. Companies usually submit an Application for Permit 

to Drill after the Notice of Staking is accepted. Private surface owner input, if a split estate is involved, would 

be actively solicited during this stage. After the Application for Permit to Drill is approved, the operator 

initiates construction activities in accordance with stipulations and Conditions of Approval (COAs). 

Access road lengths vary, but usually the shortest feasible route is selected to reduce the haul distance 

and construction costs. In some cases, environmental factors or landowner’s wishes may dictate a longer 

route. Drilling activity in the planning area is predicted to be done using existing roads and constructing 

short roads to access each drill site location. The district will utilize currently developed and utilized forest 

management Best Management Practices, in addition to the BLM’s “Gold Book” (USDI/USDA 2007), for 

surface disturbance in road construction and pad development similar to timber harvest landings. 

Based on past oil and gas drilling in Oregon, it is projected that three conventional petroleum exploratory 

“wildcat” wells could be drilled within the Roseburg District. The estimated success rate of finding 

hydrocarbons is predicted to be no greater than 10 percent, based on the average U.S. wildcat well success 

rate. Future identification of additional structures would likely increase this estimate. Development within the 

identified moderate potential area would be directed by 3-D Survey as opposed to wildcatting (Meyer 2007). 

Based on spacing units established within the Mist Gas Field, full production development of the projected 

approximate 37,000 acres of BLM-administered moderate potential lands within the Roseburg District would 

require a total of 228 wells. However, as these are unproven potentials, and the reservoir will not be uniform, 

it is unlikely that more than 50% of total development will occur within the 10-year scenario. Therefore, 

given the Moderate Potential of the area, the range of development for BLM-administered lands in the 10­

year scenario is 0 to 114 wells. 

E – 30
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Surface Impacts of Drilling and Production 

There are currently no production or exploration wells or pads within any of the districts’ boundaries. 

Development of the moderate potential lands identified within the Roseburg District could require up to 114 

wells on BLM-administered lands within the 10-year scenario. It is anticipated that all gas production would 

be carried by collector pipelines placed within road rights-of-way. 

The identified plays range from 5 miles to 22 miles from the north-south Northwest Pipeline System that 

runs within the I-5 Corridor. A review of existing private and public roadways between the plays and the 

pipeline indicates an adequate transportation system of road rights-of-way to accommodate collector 

pipelines (USDI BLM 2008). The only additional pipeline right-of-way that would be required would 

be to connect new wells to existing roadways. These lines would be placed along rights-of-way for new 

road construction. Therefore, it is not anticipated that pipeline rights-of-way would create an additional 

disturbance beyond existing and new road rights-of-way. 

Initially operators would move construction equipment over existing roads to the point where the new drill 

site access road begins. Based on existing road systems and access, the use of 3-D Survey, and directional 

drilling, it is anticipated that most well development will utilize existing road infrastructure to develop the 

resource. However, it may be necessary to construct up to a quarter mile of access for each pad to remove 

the facility from the active roadway. Based on the ability to cluster wells (assumed to be four wells per pad), 

it is estimated that no more than 97 miles total of new road construction would be required on both BLMadministered and non-BLM lands. No more than 7.0 miles of new road construction on BLM-administered 

lands would be needed in full development of 114 wells. Most would be moderate duty access roads with a 

travel surface 18 to 20 feet wide. The total surface disturbance width would average 40 feet including ditches, 

utilities, pipelines, cuts, and fills. The total acreage impacted by new road building for both BLM and nonBLM managed lands would be 470 acres. Total disturbance for new roads on BLM-administered land 

would be approximately 34 acres. Roads not subsequently needed for other resource management would be 

reclaimed at the end of the project (USDI/USDA 2007). 

In the second part of the drilling phase, the operator would construct the drilling pad or platform, 

anticipated to involve approximately two acres per well site. Support facilities are anticipated to disturb 

about two acres per well site. Total disturbance could be up to four acres per pad, with each pad containing 

four or more wells. The likely duration of well development and testing is predicted to be approximately 

six months to one year for each drill site. Total disturbance to BLM-administered and non-BLM lands in 

the moderate potential area is estimated to not exceed 1,555 acres. Disturbance of BLM-administered lands 

within the Moderate Potential area is not to exceed 114 acres. 

Total disturbance of both BLM-administered lands and other lands for wells, support services, pipeline 

and new road construction within the District is expected to be approximately 2,025 acres (1% of the total 

Roseburg District Moderate Potential acreage). Total disturbance for just BLM-administered land with 

development of 114 wells is expected to be approximately 153 acres (0.5% of projected BLM-administered 

within the Roseburg District Moderate Potential acreage). 

Surface disturbance would be restricted, as much as possible, to previously disturbed areas such as 

logging roads and landings. Industry is currently utilizing a multi-well to single pad approach which 

minimizes impact. 

Interim reclamation would reduce initial disturbance. After initial construction, unused portions of well 

site areas would be reclaimed while the wells are in production. Disturbance will be limited to areas within 

overwork foundation structures and necessary infrastructure, such as well heads, pipelines, and access 

roads, as described in federal reclamation guidance (USDI/USDA 2007). 

E – 31
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Therefore, the maximum development disturbance for the moderate potential lands managed by the BLM 

assumed in this 10-year scenario would range from zero to the maximum disturbance of approximately 

153 acres. 

Plugging and Abandonment 

Wells that are completed as dry holes are plugged according to a plan designed specifically for the downhole conditions of each well. Plugging is usually accomplished by placing cement plugs at strategic locations 

from the bottom of the well to the surface. Drilling mud is used as a spacer between plugs to prevent 

communication between fluid-bearing zones. The casing is cut off at least three feet below ground level and 

capped by welding a steel plate on the casing stub. Wells will be plugged and abandoned at the end of their 

production life, with the pad, support facilities, and road fully reclaimed. 

Surface Impacts of Plugging and Abandonment 

After plugging, all equipment and debris would be removed and the drill site would be restored as near 

as reasonably possible to its original condition. If new roads constructed for drilling are not needed for 

future access to the area, the road would be reclaimed using Best Management Practices established for the 

District, with the road prism revegetated as required by the Authorized Officer. Pipelines will be removed or 

plugged and abandoned in place to minimize new surface disturbance (USDI/USDA 2007). 

Limitations 

The acreage estimates used for BLM-administered surface estate are based upon current GIS layers, with 

acreage approximations to the nearest thousand. The accuracy of this information has not been verified 

against the Master Title Plats. The GIS coverage for subsurface estate within the district is incomplete. 

Therefore, the existence and location of BLM-administered subsurface estate within the district is not fully 

known. 

A brief review of the Master Title Plats was completed within and near the Mist Gas Field, 1985 boundaries. 

Federal subsurface estate identified on the Master Title Plats was not recorded on the GIS layers. Most of 

the Mater Title Plats that identified federal subsurface parcels were outside the Mist Gas Field boundaries. 

One parcel was identified within the Mist Gas Field boundary. Due to the incompleteness of the GIS layers, 

BLM-administered acreage of the surface and subsurface will need to be verified through review of Mater 

Title Plats prior to exploration and development. 

E – 32
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Restrictions and Requirements on Mineral and 

Energy Exploration and Development Activity 

Introduction 

This appendix discusses the leasing stipulations as they will be applied to BLM-administered lands in 

the Roseburg District. Operating standards pertinent to the locatable and salable minerals program are 

also described. Mineral exploration and development on Federal lands must also comply with laws and 

regulations administered by several agencies of the State of Oregon; however, these requirements are not 

discussed in this document. 

Leasable Mineral Resources 

Oil and Gas Leasing 

The Mineral Leasing Act of 1920 (as amended) provides that all publicly owned oil and gas resources be 

open to leasing, unless a specific land order has been issued to close the area. Through the land use planning 

process, the availability of these resources for leasing is analyzed, taking into consideration development 

potential and surface resources. Constraints on oil and gas operations are identified and placed in the leases 

as notices and stipulations. Oil and gas leases are then issued from the BLM Oregon State Office in Portland. 

Specific proposed notices and stipulations are listed later in this appendix. 

The issuance of a lease conveys to the lessee an authorization to actively explore and/or develop the lease, 

in accordance with the attached stipulations and the standard terms outlined in the Federal Onshore Oil 

and Gas Leasing Reform Act (FOOGLRA). Restrictions on oil and gas activities in the planning area will 

take the form of timing limitations, controlled surface use, or no surface occupancy stipulations used at the 

discretion of the Authorized Officer to protect identified surface resources of special concern. 

The field office which reviews the lease tract will attach stipulations to each lease before it is offered for 

bid. The review will be conducted by consulting the direction given in this Resource Management Plan. 

In addition, all lands administered by BLM within the planning area will be subject to the lease notices as 

shown on the following pages. All Federal lessees or operators are required to follow procedures set forth by: 

Onshore Oil and Gas Orders, Notices to Lessee (NTL), the Federal Oil and Gas Royalty Management Act (as 

amended), the Federal Onshore Oil and Gas Leasing Reform Act, and Title 43 Code of Federal Regulations, 

Part 3100. 

Oil and Gas Operations 

Geophysical Exploration 

Geophysical operations may be conducted regardless of whether the land is leased or not. Notices to 

conduct geophysical operations on BLM surface are received by the resource area. Administration and 

surface protection are accomplished through close cooperation of the operator and the BLM. Seasonal 

restrictions may be imposed to reduce fire hazards, conflicts with wildlife, watershed damage, etc. An 

operator is required to file a “Notice of Intent to Conduct Oil and Gas Exploration Operations” for all 

geophysical activities on public land administered by the BLM. The notice should adequately show the 

location and access routes, anticipated surface damages, and time frame. The operator is required to comply 

with written instructions and orders given by the Authorized Officer, and must be bonded. Signing of the 

E – 33
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Notice of Intent by the operator signifies agreement to comply with the terms and conditions of the notice, 

regulations, and other requirements prescribed by the Authorized Officer. A pre-work conference and/ 

or site inspection may be required. Periodic checks during and upon completion of the operations will be 

conducted to ensure compliance with the terms of Notice of Intent, including reclamation. 

Drilling Permit Process 

The federal lessee or operating company selects a drill site based on spacing requirements, subsurface 

and surface geology, geophysics, topography, and economic considerations. Well spacing is determined 

by topography, reservoir characteristics, protection of correlative rights, potential for well interference, 

interference with multiple-use of lands, and protection of the surface and subsurface environments. 

Close coordination with the State would take place. Written field spacing orders are issued for each field. 

Exceptions to spacing requirements involving Federal lands may be granted after joint State and BLM 

review. 

Notice of Staking 

After the company makes the decision to drill, it must decide whether to submit a Notice of Staking or 

apply directly for a permit to drill. The Notice of Staking is an outline of what the company intends to do, 

including a location map and sketched site plan. The Notice of Staking is used to review any conflicts with 

known critical resource values and to identify the need for associated rights-of-way and special use permits. 

The BLM utilizes information contained in the Notice of Staking and obtained from the on-site inspection 

to develop conditions of approval to be incorporated into the application for permit to drill. Upon receipt of 

the Notice of Staking, the BLM posts the document and pertinent information about the proposed well in 

the District Office for a minimum of 30 days prior to approval, for review and comment by the public. 

Application for Permit to Drill (APD) 

The operator may or may not choose to submit a Notice of Staking; in either case, an Application for Permit 

to Drill must be submitted prior to drilling. An Application for Permit to Drill consists of two main parts: 

a 12-point surface plan that describes any surface disturbances and is reviewed by resource specialists for 

adequacy with regard to lease stipulations designed to mitigate impacts to identified resource conflicts with 

the specific proposal, and an 8-point subsurface plan that details the drilling program and is reviewed by the 

staff petroleum engineer and geologist. This plan includes provisions for casing, cementing, well control, and 

other safety requirements. For the Application for Permit to Drill option, the onsite inspection is used to 

assess possible impacts and develop provisions to minimize these impacts. 

Geothermal Leasing 

The Geothermal Steam Act of 1970 (as amended) provides for the issuance of leases for the development 

and utilization of geothermal steam and associated geothermal resources. Geothermal leasing and 

operational regulations are contained in Title 43 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 3200. Through the 

land use planning process the availability of the geothermal resources for leasing is analyzed, taking into 

consideration development potential and surface and subsurface resources. Constraints on geothermal 

operations are identified and placed in the leases as stipulations. Geothermal leases are then issued by the 

BLM Oregon State Office in Portland. 

Geothermal resources are first offered by competitive sale. Prior to a competitive lease sale, or the issuance 

of a noncompetitive lease, each tract will be reviewed, and appropriate lease stipulations will be included. 

The review will be conducted by consulting the direction given in this resource management plan. The 

issuance of a lease conveys to the lessee authorization to actively explore and/ or develop the lease in 

accordance with regulations and lease terms and attached stipulations. Subsequent lease operations must be 

E – 34
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

conducted in accordance with the regulations, Geothermal Resources Operational Orders, and any Conditions 

of Approval developed as a result of site-specific NEPA analysis. In the planning area, restrictions in some 

areas will include timing limitations, controlled surface use, or no surface occupancy stipulations used at the 

discretion of the Authorized Officer to protect identified surface resources of special concern. 

In addition to restrictions related to the protection of surface resources, the various stipulations and 

conditions could contain requirements related to protection of subsurface resources. These may involve 

drainage protection of geothermal zones, protection of aquifers from contamination, or assumption of 

responsibility for any unplugged wells on the lease. Development of geothermal resources can be done 

only on approved leases. Orderly development of a geothermal resource, from exploration to production, 

involves several major phases that must be approved separately. Each phase must undergo the appropriate 

level of NEPA compliance before it is approved and subsequent authorizations are issued. 

Leasing Notice and Stipulation Summary 

The mineral leasing notices and stipulations below are considered to be the minimum necessary to issue 

leases in the operating area. the standard and the special status species leasing stipulations will be utilized on 

most lands. The powersite stipulation (USDI BLM Form 3730-1, Powersite Stipulation) will be utilized on 

lands within powersite reservations. 

Stipulations also include waiver, exception, and modification criteria. If the Authorized Officer 

determines that a stipulation involves an issue of major concern, waivers, exceptions, or modifications 

of the stipulation will be subject to at least a 30-day advance public review. Waiver, exception, and 

modification are defined as follows: 

• Waiver - The lifting of a stipulation from a lease that constitutes a permanent revocation of 

the stipulation from that time forward. The stipulation no longer applies anywhere within the 

leasehold. 

• Exception - This is a one time lifting of the stipulation to allow an activity for a specific proposal. 

This is a case-by-case exemption. The stipulation continues to apply to all other sites within the 

leasehold to which the restrictive criteria apply. It has no permanent effect on the lease stipulation. 

• Modification - This is a change to a stipulation that either temporarily suspends the stipulation 

requirement or permanently lifts the application of the stipulation on a given portion of the lease. 

Depending on the specific modification, the stipulation mayor may not apply to all other sites 

within the leasehold to which the restrictive criteria apply. 

Whenever a special stipulation, such as No Surface Occupancy (NSO), Timing, or Controlled Surface Use 

(CSU) is used, the need for the special stipulation is described in the “Objective” that follows the stipulation. 

By imposing these special stipulations, it has been concluded that less restrictive stipulations would not be 

adequate to meet the stated objective. 

Leasing Notices 

The following Notices are to be included in each lease for all lands administered by BLM within the 

planning area where the pertinent resource potential exists. Lease notices are attached to leases in the same 

manner as stipulations; however, there is an important distinction between lease notices and stipulations: 

lease notices do not involve new restrictions or requirements. Any requirements contained in a lease notice 

must be fully supported by either laws, regulations, policy, onshore oil and gas orders, or geothermal 

resources operational orders. 

E – 35
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Resource-Specific Leasing Notices 

Notice 

Special Status Species Stipulation 

Resources: Botany and Wildlife 

Stipulation: (All the)/(Certain) lands within this lease are within the suitable habitat of the (identify all 

Federal Threatened (FT), Endangered (FE) or Proposed Threatened (PT) and Proposed Endangered (PE) 

species, including scientific names), (an officially listed)/(a proposed for listing) Threatened or Endangered 

species. The Authorized Officer, through an environmental review process, has determined that because of 

the habitat characteristics of this species, all future post-lease operations must be analyzed and subjected to 

a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) Section 7 consultation or conference to ensure the action is not likely 

to jeopardize the continued existence of the species or result in the destruction or adverse modification of 

critical habitat. 

(All the)/(Certain) lands within this lease are known to bear the species listed (Insert list of species) which 

has (have) protected status as (State Threatened (ST); State Endangered (SE); Federal Candidate (FC); 

Bureau Sensitive (BS)); or are within the suitable habitat of (identify all State Threatened, State Endangered, 

Federal Candidate, or Bureau Sensitive species, including scientific names). These species are protected 

by BLM policy as described in Manual 6840. All future post-lease operations must be analyzed, utilizing 

recent field data collected at the proper time of year, to identify the presence of such species. If the field 

examination indicates that the proposed activity may adversely impact FC species, technical assistance will 

be obtained from FWS to ensure that actions will not contribute to the need to list a federal candidate as a 

federal threatened or endangered species. Technical assistance may be obtained from FWS to insure that 

actions will not contribute to the need to list a ST, SE, or BS species as a federal threatened or endangered 

species. Therefore, prior to any surface disturbing activities or the use of vehicles off existing roads on (this 

lease)/(the lands legally described as: . BLM approval is required. This restriction also 

applies to geophysical activities for which a permit is required. The approval is contingent upon the results 

of site specific inventories for any of the above mentioned species. The timing of these inventories is critical. 

They must be conducted at a time of year appropriate to determine the presence of the species or its habitat. 

The lessee is hereby notified that the process will take longer than the normal 30 days and that surface 

activity approval will be delayed. 

If no FT, FE, PT, or PE species, or suitable habitat, are found during the inventories, then no formal Section 

7 consultation with the USFWS will be necessary and the action will be processed using the procedures 

found in the applicable oil and gas Onshore Orders or geothermal resources operational orders. However, 

the lessee is hereby notified that, if any FT, FE, PT, PE, ST, SE, FC, or BS species are found during the 

inventories, or if the actions are proposed in designated or proposed critical habitat, then surface disturbing 

activities may be prohibited on portions of, or even all of the lease, unless an alternative is available that 

meets all of the following criteria: (a) The proposed action is not likely to jeopardize the continued existence 

of a threatened or endangered species; (b) the proposed action is not likely to destroy or adversely modify 

critical habitat for a threatened or endangered species; (c) the proposed action is consistent with the 

recovery needs in approved Fish and Wildlife Service recovery plans or BLM Habitat Management Plans 

for the threatened or endangered species; and (d) the proposed action will not contribute to the need to list 

species as federal threatened or endangered. 

Objective: To protect officially listed or proposed threatened or endangered plant or wildlife species; and 

to insure that post leasing oil and gas or geothermal operations will not likely contribute to the need to list 

other special status species as threatened or endangered. 

E – 36
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Exception: An exception may be granted by the Authorized Officer, if review of the proposed plan submitted 

by the operator indicates that the proposed action will have no effect on the (common name of species). 

Modification: The boundaries of the stipulated area may be modified, by the Authorized Officer, if it is 

determined that portions of the area do no have any officially listed or proposed threatened or endangered 

species, federal candidate, state threatened or endangered species, or Bureau sensitive species, or their 

habitat. 

Waiver: This stipulation may be waived if the (common name) is declared recovered and is no longer 

protected under the Endangered Species Act, or if other species found within the lease are no longer 

considered to be in the federal candidate, state threatened or endangered, or Bureau sensitive categories. 

Notice 

Cultural Resources: An inventory of the leased lands may be required prior to surface disturbance to 

determine if cultural resources are present and to identify needed mitigation measures. Prior to undertaking 

any surface-disturbing activities on the lands covered by this lease, the lessee or operator shall: 

1. Contact the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to determine if a cultural resource inventory is 

required. If an inventory is required, then; 

2. The BLM will complete the required inventory; or the lessee or operator, at their option, may 

engage the services of a cultural resource consultant acceptable to the BLM to conduct a cultural 

resource inventory of the area of proposed surface disturbance. The operator may elect to inventory 

an area larger than the standard 10-acre minimum to cover possible site relocation, which may 

result from environmental or other considerations. An acceptable inventory report is to be 

submitted to the BLM for review and approval no later than that time when an otherwise complete 

application for approval of drilling or subsequent surface-disturbing operation is submitted. 

3. Implement mitigation measures required by the BLM. Mitigation may include the relocation of 

proposed lease-related activities or other protective measures such as data recovery and extensive 

recordation. Where impacts to cultural resources cannot be mitigated to the satisfaction of the BLM, 

surface occupancy on that area must be prohibited. The lessee or operator shall immediately bring to 

the attention of the BLM any cultural resources discovered as a result of approved operations under 

this lease, and shall not disturb such discoveries until directed to proceed by the BLM. 

Authorities: Compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act is required for all actions 

that may affect cultural properties eligible to the National Register of Historic Places. Section 6 of the Oil 

and Gas Lease Terms (DOI BLM Form 3100-11, Offer to Lease and Lease for Oil and Gas) requires that 

operations be conducted in a manner that minimizes adverse impacts to cultural and other resources. 

Special Leasing Stipulations 

The following special stipulations will be utilized on specifically designated tracts of land as described in the 

resource management plan. 

Leasing Stipulations 

No Surface Occupancy 

Resource: Land Use Authorizations 

Stipulation: Surface occupancy and use is prohibited on Recreation and Public Purposes (R&PP) and 

FLPMA leases. 

E – 37
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Objective: To protect uses on existing R&PP and FLPMA leases. 

Exception: An exception to this stipulation may be granted by the Authorized Officer, if the operator submits 

a plan demonstrating that impacts from the proposed action are acceptable or can be adequately mitigated. 

Modification: The area affected by this stipulation may be modified by the Authorized Officer, if the land use 

authorization boundaries are modified. 

Waiver: This stipulation may be waived by the Authorized Officer, if all land use authorizations within the 

leasehold have been terminated, canceled, or relinquished. 

No Surface Occupancy 

Resource: Recreation Sites
 

Stipulation: Surface occupancy and use are prohibited within developed recreation areas.
 

Objective: To protect developed recreation areas.
 

Exception: An exception to this stipulation may be granted by the Authorized Officer, if the operator submits 

a plan demonstrating that impacts from the proposed action are acceptable or can be adequately mitigated.
 

Modification: The boundaries of the stipulated area may be modified by the Authorized Officer, if the 

recreation area boundaries are changed. 

Waiver: This stipulation may be waived, if the Authorized Officer determines that the entire leasehold no 

longer contains developed recreation areas. 

No Surface Occupancy 

A 30-day public notice period will be required prior to modification or waiver of this stipulation. 

Resource: Special Areas Stipulation: Surface occupancy and use are prohibited within Areas of Critical 

Environmental Concern (ACEC). 

Objective: To protect important historic, cultural, scenic values, natural resources, natural systems or 

processes, threatened and endangered plant species, and/or natural hazard areas of the ACEC. 

Exception: An exception to this stipulation may be granted by the Authorized Officer, if the operator submits 

a plan demonstrating that impacts from the proposed action are acceptable or can be adequately mitigated. 

Modification: The boundaries of the stipulated area may be modified by the Authorized Officer, if the ACEC 

or Environmental Education Area (EEA) boundaries are changed. 

Waiver: This stipulation may be waived, if the Authorized Officer determines that the entire leasehold no 

longer contains designated ACECs or EEAs. 

No Surface Occupancy 

Resource: Progeny test sites.
 

Stipulation: Surface occupancy and use are prohibited within progeny test sites.
 

E – 38
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Objective: To protect progeny test sites. 

Exception: None. 

Modification: The boundaries of the stipulated area may be modified by the Authorized Officer, if the 

progeny test site boundaries are changed. 

Waiver: This stipulation may be waived, if the Authorized Officer determines that the entire leasehold no 

longer contains progeny test sites. 

No Surface Occupancy 

A 30-day public notice period will be required prior to modification or waiver of this stipulation. 

Resource: Visual Resource Management (VRM) Class I 

Stipulation: Surface occupancy and use are prohibited in VRM Class I areas. 

Objective: To maintain soil productivity, provide necessary protection to prevent excessive soil erosion 

on steep slopes, and to avoid areas subject to slope failure, mass wasting, piping, or having excessive 

reclamation problems. 

Objective: To preserve the existing character of the landscape. Exception: An exception to this stipulation 

may be granted by the Authorized Officer, if the operator submits a plan demonstrating that impacts from 

the proposed action are acceptable or can be adequately mitigated. 

Modification: The boundaries of the stipulated area may be modified by the Authorized Officer, if the 

boundaries of the VRM Class I area are changed. 

Waiver: This stipulation may be waived by the Authorized Officer, if all VRM Class I areas within the 

leasehold are reduced to a lower VRM class. Areas reduced to VRM Class II will be subject to the Controlled 

Surface Use stipulation for visual resources, and areas reduced to VRM Class III will be subject to standard 

lease stipulations. 

Controlled Surface Use 

Resource: Soils 

Stipulation: Prior to disturbance of any suspected unstable slopes or slopes over 60 percent, an engineering/ 

reclamation plan must be approved by the Authorized Officer. Such plan must demonstrate how the 

following will be accomplished: 

• Site productivity will be restored. 

• Surface runoff will be adequately controlled. 

• Off-site areas will be protected from accelerated erosion, such as rilling, gullying, piping, and mass 

wasting. 

• Water quality and quantity will be in conformance with state and federal water quality laws. 

• Surface-disturbing activities will not be conducted during extended wet periods. 

• Construction will not be allowed when soils are frozen. 

Exception: An exception to this stipulation may be granted by the Authorized Officer if the operator submits a plan, 

which demonstrates that the impacts from the proposed action are acceptable or can be adequately mitigated. 

E – 39
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Modification: The area affected by this stipulation may be modified by the Authorized Officer, if it is 

determined that portions of the area do not include suspected unstable slopes or slopes over 60 percent. 

Waiver: This stipulation may be waived by the Authorized Officer if it is determined that the entire leasehold 

does not include any suspected unstable slopes or slopes over 60 percent. 

Controlled Surface Use 

A 30-day public notice period will be required prior to modification or waiver of this stipulation.
 

Resource: Visual Resource Management (VRM) Class II.
 

Stipulation: All surface-disturbing activities, semi-permanent and permanent facilities in VRM Class II 

areas may require special design including location, painting and camouflage to blend with the natural 

surroundings and meet the visual quality objectives for the area.
 

Objective: To control the visual impacts of activities and facilities within acceptable levels.
 

Exception: None. Modification: None.
 

Waiver: This stipulation may be waived, if the Authorized Officer determines that there are no longer any 

VRM Class II areas in the leasehold.
 

Controlled Surface Use 

Resource: Deferred Timber Management Areas 

Stipulation: Unless otherwise authorized, drill site construction and access through Deferred Timber 

Management Areas within this leasehold will be limited to established roadways. 

Objective: To substantially maintain the existing level of older and multi-layered conifer forest through year 2023.
 

Exception: An exception to this stipulation may be granted by the Authorized Officer if the operator submits 

a plan demonstrating that impacts from the proposed action are acceptable or can be adequately mitigated. 

Modification: The area affected by this stipulation may be modified by the Authorized Officer if it is 

determined that portions of the area do not include Deferred Timber Management Areas. 

Waiver: This stipulation may be waived by the Authorized Officer if it is determined that the entire leasehold 

does not include Deferred Timber Management Areas. 

Controlled Surface Use 

Resource: Riparian Management Areas.
 

Stipulation: Unless otherwise authorized, drill site construction and access through Riparian Management 

Areas within this leasehold will be limited to established roadways.
 

Objective: To protect riparian vegetation and reduce sedimentation.
 

Exception: An exception to this stipulation may be granted by the Authorized Officer, if the operator submits a 

plan which demonstrates that impacts from the proposed action are acceptable or can be adequately mitigated.
 

E – 40
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Modification: The area affected by this stipulation may be modified by the Authorized Officer, if it is 

determined that portions of the area do not include riparian areas, floodplains, or water bodies. 

Waiver: This stipulation may be waived by the Authorized Officer, if it is determined that the entire 

leasehold no longer includes Riparian Management Areas. 

Controlled Surface Use 

Resource: Late-Successional Management Areas 

Stipulation: Unless otherwise authorized, drill site construction and access through Late-Successional 

Management Areas (LSMAs) within this leasehold will be limited to established roadways. 

Objective: To protect vegetation and to retain and/or restore old-growth forest characteristics. 

Exception: An exception to this stipulation may be granted by the Authorized Officer if the operator submits a 

plan which demonstrates that impacts from the proposed action are acceptable or can be adequately mitigated. 

Modification: The area affected by this stipulation may be modified by the Authorized Officer if it is 

determined that portions of the area do not include LSMAs. 

Waiver: This stipulation may be waived by the Authorized Officer if it is determined that the entire leasehold 

does not include LSMAs. 

Locatable Minerals Surface Management Standards for Exploration, Mining, 

and Reclamation 

The following operational standards for mining activities have been compiled to facilitate compliance with 

the 43 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 3809 surface management regulations, which apply to all operations 

on mining claims located on BLM administered lands. It is the mining claimant’s and operator’s responsibility 

to avoid “unnecessary or undue degradation,” and to perform all the necessary reclamation work. 

All operators proposing occupancy, timber removal, road or trail construction, installation of structures 

of any kind, use of mechanized earth moving equipment, or suction dredges having hoses with an 

inside diameter greater than 4 inches must provide written notice to the District Office prior to the 

commencement of any mining related disturbance of the surface. If the mining or operation is in sensitive 

areas (not exploration work) a Plan of Operations will be required. Operations are not to proceed until the 

operator’s bond or financial guarantee is accepted. Surface management performance standards include 

compliance with all pertinent State laws. 

Operations ordinarily resulting in only negligible disturbance as defined in 43 CFR 3809.5(1) are considered 

to be casual use and no notification to or approval by the BLM is required. Likewise, use of a suction dredge 

in a stream having an intake nozzle of less than 4 inches in diameter, will not generally require the filing of a 

Notice or Plan of Operations. Such activity is generally considered casual use. 

Vegetation/Timber Removal 

An application must be submitted to the Authorized Officer pursuant to 43 CFR 3821.4 describing the 

proposed use of timber from O&C lands for mining purposes. No trees may be cut until the application is 

approved and the trees are marked. 

Firewood 

Merchantable timber may not be used for firewood. Firewood permits may be issued to the operator for 

use in conjunction with the mining operation but no wood may be used until a permit is obtained from the 

E – 41 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

BLM. Firewood authorized for use in conjunction with a mining operation is not to be removed from the 

mining claim. 

Topsoil 

All excavations should have all the productive topsoil (usually the top 12 to 18 inches) first stripped, 

stockpiled, and protected from erosion for use in future reclamation. This also includes removal of topsoil 

before the establishment of mining waste dumps and tailings ponds, if the waste material will be left in place 

during reclamation. 

Roads 

Existing roads and trails should be used as much as possible. Temporary roads are to be constructed to a 

minimum width and with minimum cuts and fills. All roads shall be constructed so as to minimize negative 

impacts to slope stability. 

Water Quality 

All operations, including casual use, shall be conducted in a manner so as to prevent unnecessary or undue 

degradation of surface and subsurface water resources and shall comply with all pertinent Federal and State 

water quality laws. 

Claim Monuments 

State law prohibits the use of plastic pipe for claim staking in Oregon. The BLM policy requires all existing 

plastic pipe monuments to have all openings permanently closed. Upon loss or abandonment of the claim, 

all plastic pipe must be removed from the public lands. When old markers are replaced during normal claim 

maintenance, they shall be either wood posts or stone or earth mounds, constructed in accordance with the 

requirements of State law. 

Drill Sites 

Exploratory drill sites should be located next to or within existing roads when possible without blocking 

public access. When drill sites must be constructed, the size of the disturbance shall be as small as possible. 

Dust and Erosion Control 

While in operation, and during periods of shut-down, exposed ground surfaces susceptible to erosion will 

need to be protected. This can be accomplished with seeding, mulching, installation of water diversions, and 

routine watering of dust-producing surfaces. 

Fire Safety 

All State fire regulations must be followed, including obtaining a campfire permit or blasting permit, if 

needed. All internal gas combustion engines must be equipped with approved spark arresters. 

Safety and Public Access 

Mining claimants shall not exclude the public from mining claims with force, intimidation, or “no 

trespassing” signs. In the interest of safety, the general public may be restricted only from specific dangerous 

areas (e.g., underground mines, open pits, and heavy equipment operating and storage areas) by erecting 

fences, gates and warning signs, if they are included in the Mining Notice or Mining Plan and authorized by 

the BLM. It is the operator’s responsibility to protect the public from mining hazards. Gates, signs or road 

blocks may be installed only with BLM approval. 

E – 42
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Sewage 

Self-contained or chemical toilets are generally to be used at exploration or mining operations and their 

contents shall be disposed of at approved dump stations. 

Equipment 

The claimant must maintain the claim site, including structures and equipment, in a safe and orderly 

condition. Only equipment and supplies that are appropriate, reasonable, and regularly used for exploration 

or mining will be allowed on the claim. 

Tailings Ponds 

Settling ponds must be used to contain sediment, and any discharge must meet state standards. 

Solid and Hazardous Waste 

Trash, garbage, used oil, etc. must be removed from public land and disposed of properly. Trash, garbage 

or hazardous wastes must not be buried on public lands. The accumulation of trash, debris, or inoperable 

equipment on public lands is viewed as unnecessary degradation and will not be tolerated. Operators 

conducting illegal disposals shall be held financially responsible for the clean-up of such disposals. 

Cultural and Paleontological Resources 

Operators shall not knowingly alter, injure, or destroy any scientifically important paleontological (fossil) 

remains or any historical or archaeological site, structure, or object on federal lands or any identified 

traditional use areas. The operator shall immediately bring to the attention of the Authorized Officer, 

any paleontological (fossil) remains or any historical or archaeological site, identified traditional cultural 

properties, structure, or object that might be altered or destroyed by exploration or mining operations, and 

shall leave such discovery intact until told to proceed by the Authorized Officer. The Authorized Officer shall 

evaluate the discovery, take action to protect or remove the resource, and allow operations to proceed. 

Threatened and Endangered Species of Plants and Animals 

Operators shall take such action as may be needed to prevent adverse impacts to threatened or endangered 

species of plants and animals and their habitat that may be affected by operations, as stipulated in guidelines 

developed through consultation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 

Occupancy at Mining Sites 

Occupancy means full or part-time residence on the public lands. It also pertains to barriers to access, 

fences, tents, trailers and the storage of equipment or materials. Living on the public land in excess of 14 

days must be reasonably incident to and required for actual continuous mining or diligent exploration 

operations, and will require concurrence by the BLM. In general, operations at the casual use level are 

not sufficient to warrant occupancy. Occupancy may be allowed for mining operations if it is deemed 

reasonably incident to conducting the operations. To be reasonably incident, activities must constitute 

substantially regular work, lead to the extraction of minerals, involve observable on-the-ground activity that 

BLM may verify, and use appropriate equipment that is presently operable. Proposed occupancy or use must 

conform to the provisions in 43 CFR 3715 and such occupancy or use cannot commence until BLM has 

completed a review of the proposal. At the conclusion of the review BLM will make a written determination 

to be sent to the claimant/operator. 

Security Guard 

In some cases, it may be reasonably incident for a security guard to live onsite to protect valuable 

property, equipment, or workings that are necessary for the mining operation, or to protect the public 

from site hazards. 

E – 43
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Reclamation 

As per the 43 CFR 3809 regulations all Notices and Plans of Operation will have an approved 

reclamation bond. 

Reclamation of all disturbed areas must be performed concurrently or as soon as possible after exploration 

or mining ceases and shall conform to the guidelines described in surface management regulations found in 

43 CFR 3809.
 

Reclamation shall include, but shall not be limited to: 

1) saving topsoil for final application after reshaping disturbed areas; 

2) measures to control erosion, landslides, and water runoff; 

3) measures to isolate, remove or control toxic materials; 

4) reshaping the area disturbed, applying topsoil, and revegetating disturbed areas where reasonably 

practicable; and 

5) rehabilitation of fisheries and wildlife habitat. 

Equipment and Debris 

All mining equipment, vehicles, and structures must be removed from the public lands during extended 

periods of non-operation and/or at the conclusion of mining, unless authorization from the BLM is given 

to the operator or claimant in writing. Accumulations of debris and trash on mining claims are considered 

unnecessary and undue degradation and must be removed immediately regardless of the status of the 

operation. Failure to do so will result in the issuance of a notice of noncompliance. 

Seeding 

The BLM approved seeding prescription must be used to provide adequate re-vegetation for erosion control, 

wildlife habitat, and productive secondary uses of public lands. 

Mulch 

As directed by the BLM, during review of the Notice or Plan of Operations, the disturbed area may require 

mulching during interim or final reclamation procedures. Depending on site conditions, the mulch may 

need to be punched, netted, or blown on with a tackifier to hold it in place. 

Roads 

After mining is completed, all new roads shall be reclaimed, per the claimants or operators reclamation plan. 

Tailings Ponds 

The ponds should be allowed to dry out and the sediments removed and spread with the topsoil, unless the 

sediments contain toxic materials. If the ponds contain toxic materials, a plan will be developed to identify, 

dispose, and mitigate effects of the toxic materials. If necessary, a monitoring plan will also be implemented. 

The ponds should then be backfilled and reclaimed. 

E – 44
 
Appendix E - Energy and Minerals 

Guidelines for Development of Salable Mineral Resources 

Proposed Operations 

All salable mineral exploration and development, that involves surface disturbance, must have an operation 

and reclamation plan approved by the Authorized Officer. Extraction of mineral materials must be in 

accordance with a contract of sale or free use permit issued to qualifying organization by the Authorized 

Officer. All proposals will undergo the appropriate level of review and compliance with the National 

Environmental Policy Act. 

Quarry Design 

In steep terrain, quarry developments may require a series of benches to effectively maximize the amount 

of mineral materials to be removed in a safe manner. In all cases, bench height shall not exceed 40 feet. 

If the bench would be used by bulldozers to access other parts of the quarry, the width of the bench 

should be at least 25 feet. If the bench won’t be used by equipment, then this width can be reduced to 

approximately 10 feet. 

Clearing of timber and brush should be planned at least 10 feet beyond the edge of the excavation limit. 

Most often the brush would be piled and burned at the site, or scattered nearby. 

• All topsoil and overburden should be stockpiled and saved for eventual quarry site 

reclamation. These piles may need to be stabilized by mulching or seeding in order to 

minimize erosion during the winter months. 

As a standard procedure, the excavation of the quarry floor should be designed with an outslope of 

approximately two percent to provide for adequate drainage. 

Operating Procedures 

Where practicable, the following requirements will be made a part of every contract or permit providing for 

the use of mineral material: 

• Oversize shall be treated according to the site specific plan. 

• The operator shall comply with local and State safety codes covering quarry operations, warning 

signs and traffic control. All necessary permits must be obtained from State and County agencies. 

• Use of the site for equipment storage and stockpiling rock material is allowed for the duration of 

the contract or permit. Use of the site beyond that time will be authorized, if warranted, under a 

temporary use permit. 

• All topsoil shall be stockpiled or windrowed as appropriate, for use in reclamation. 

• Prior to abandonment, all material sites will be graded to conform with the surrounding 

topography. Topsoil will be utilized to create a medium for re-vegetation. Reseeding and tree 

planting, if necessary, will be done as prescribed by the Authorized Officer. Access roads no longer 

needed by the BLM will be abandoned and reclaimed as directed by the Authorized Officer. 

E – 45
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

E – 46
 
Appendix F 

Lands 

This appendix provides detailed data about lands, realty, and access in the Roseburg BLM District. 

In this appendix: 

Land Tenure Adjustment Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-3 

Land Withdrawals and Land Tenure Zone 3 Lands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-5 

Inventory of Communication Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-9 

F – 1

Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

F – 2
 
Appendix F - Lands 

Land Tenure Adjustment Criteria 

In accordance with the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (FLPMA) and other laws, 

Executive Orders, and Departmental and Bureau policy, the following factors will be considered in 

evaluating opportunities for disposal or acquisition of lands or interests in lands. This list is not considered 

all inclusive, but represents the major factors to be considered. 

General Land Tenure Adjustment Evaluation Factors 

• Improves manageability of specific areas. 

• Maintains or enhances important public values and uses. 

• Consolidates Federal mineral estate and/or reuniting split surface and mineral estates. 

• Facilitates development of energy and mineral potential. 

• Reduces difficulty or cost of public land administration. 

• Provides accessibility to land for public recreation and other uses. 

• Amount of public investments in facilities or improvements and the potential for recovering those 

investments. 

• Suitability of land for management by another Federal agency. 

• Significanceof decision in stabilizing or enhancing business, social, and economic conditions, and/ 

or lifestyles. 

• Meets long-term public management goals as opposed to short term. 

• Facilitates National, State, and local BLM priorities or mission statement needs. 

• Consistency with cooperative agreements and plans or policies of other agencies. 

• Facilitates implementation of other aspects of the approved resource management plans. 

Acquisition Criteria 

• Facilitates access to public land and resources retained for long-term public use. 

• Secures Threatened or Endangered or Sensitive plant and animal species habitat. 

• Protects riparian areas and wetlands. 

• Contributes to biodiversity. 

• Protects high-quality scenery. 

• Enhances the opportunity for new or emerging public land uses or values. 

• Facilitates management practices, uses, scales of operation, or degrees of management intensity 

that are viable under economic program efficiency standards. 

• Secure lands adjacent to other existing Zone 1 lands. 

• Protects significant cultural resources and sites eligible for inclusion on the National Register of 

Historic Places 

• Whether private sites exist for the proposed use. 

F – 3
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Disposal Criteria 

The following criteria will be used to identify parcels in Land Tenure Zones 2 or 3 suitable for disposal: 

• Suitability for purposes including but not limited to community expansion or economic 

development, such as industrial, residential, or agricultural development. 

• Lands of limited public value. 

• Lands that are difficult for the BLM to manage and unsuitable for transfer to other federal agencies 

or State and local governments. 

• Lands that would aid in aggregating or repositioning other public lands or public land resource 

values where the public values to be acquired outweigh the values to be exchanged. 

O&C Land Exchange Criteria 

An O&C land exchange is an exchange within the O&C area as delineated in Public Law 105-321. Forest 

management and related factors to consider when evaluating the feasibility of an O&C land exchange 

include the following: 

• Land exchanges which maintain the existing balance between the various land use allocations will 

be considered favorably. 

• Offered lands which are primarily suitable for agriculture, business, or home sites, or which would 

require extensive post-acquisition management will not be favorably considered. The O&C lands 

designated for timber production will generally not be exchanged for lands which will be managed 

solely for a single use, such as species protection. 

• Generally, where cutting rights are reserved on existing and future timber stands by the proponent, 

the proposed exchange will not be considered favorably. 

• Proposals which result in a material reduction in the number of acres of O&C land or Coos Bay Wagon 

Road (CBWR) land or acres of harvestable timber should not be considered favorably. See I.M. No. 

OR-99- 081, dated August 4, 1999, for an interpretation of Section 3 of Public Law 105-321, which 

established a requirement of “No Net Loss” of O&C and CBWR lands in western Oregon. 

• The exchange of O&C and CBWR lands specifically for lands located outside of the 18 O&C 

counties is prohibited by regulations in 43 CFR 2200.0-6(e). This restriction applies to timber and 

other interests in lands as well. 

F – 4
 
Appendix F - Lands 

Land Withdrawals and Land Tenure Zone 3 Lands 

Table F-1 contains detailed information about existing and proposed land withdrawals in the Roseburg BLM 

District. Table F-2 lists Zone 3 lands, which are lands that are available for disposal. 

Table F-1. Existing Land Withdrawals And Recommendations For Continuance In The 

Roseburg District 

Serial Number Order Number Legal Description Acres Purpose/Name Managing 

Agency 

Segregation 

Effect 

Recommendation 

(C/R) 

OR 19101 EO of 8/7/1917 20S,7W, Sec. 25,27****, 

33***,35 600 Water Power Potential / PSR 629 BLM D C 

OR 19101 EO of 8/7/1917 21S,7W, Sec. 5,9 392.59 Water Power Potential / PSR 629 BLM D C 

OR 19011 SO of 7/13/1959 20S,7W, Sec. 25,27 , 

33** *,35 600 Water Power Potential / WPD 11 BLM D C 

OR 19011 SO of 7/13/1959 21S,7W, Sec. 5,9 392.59 Water Power Potential / WPD 11 BLM C 

OR 19011 SO of 7/13/1959 22S,7W, Sec. 19,31 47.45 Water Power Potential / WPD 11 BLM D C 

OR 19011 SO of 7/13/1959 23S,7W, Sec. 5,9***,15,23, 27 Water Power Potential / WPD 11 BLM D C 

OR 19011 SO of 7/13/1959 24S,7W, Sec. 3,11,13***, 

15***,17,21***,23,29***,33 Water Power Potential / WPD 11 BLM D C 

OR 19011 SO of 7/13/1959 25S,7W, Sec. 5***,7 ,9, 15, 

17,21** **,23,27 Water Power Potential / WPD 11 BLM D C 

OR 19011 SO of 7/13/1959 26S,2W, Sec. 7,13,15,17,23 Water Power Potential / WPD 11 BLM D C 

OR 19011 SO of 7/13/1959 26S,3W, Sec. 1,9***,11,17*** Water Power Potential / WPD 11 BLM D C 

OR 19011 SO of 7/13/1959 26S,4W, Sec. 7 Water Power Potential / WPD 11 BLM D C 

OR 19011 SO of 7/13/1959 26S,6W, Sec. 5***,7 Water Power Potential / WPD 11 BLM D C 

OR 19011 SO of 7/13/1959 30S,3W, Sec. 25 ,29** *, 31, 

33****,35 Water Power Potential / WPD 11 BLM D C 

OR 19011 SO of 7/13/1959 30S,4W, Sec. 15,21,23, 

25 ,27 Water Power Potential / WPD 11 BLM D C 

OR 19105 EO of 7/24/1917 22S,7W, Sec. 19,31 47.45 Water Power Potential / PSR 633 BLM D C 

OR 19105 EO of 7/24/1917 23S,7W, Sec. 5,9** *,15,23, 27 Water Power Potential / PSR 633 BLM D C 

OR 19105 EO of 7/24/1917 24S,7W, Sec. 3,11,13***, 

15***,17,21***,23,29***,33 Water Power Potential / PSR 633 BLM D C 

OR 19105 EO of 7/24/1917 25S,7W, Sec. 5***,7 ,9, 15, 

17,21** **,23,27 Water Power Potential / PSR 633 BLM D C 

OR 19105 EO of 7/24/1917 26S,6W, Sec. 5***,7 Water Power Potential / PSR 633 BLM D C 

OR 19057 EO of 6/4/1912 23S,7W, Sec. 21,32 Water Power Potential / PSR 280 BLM D C 

OR 19057 EO of 6/4/1912 24S,7W, Sec. 20***,28 Water Power Potential / PSR 280 BLM D C 

OR 19057 EO of 6/4/1912 25S,7W, Sec 6 ,7** * Water Power Potential / PSR 280 BLM D C 

OR 19057 EO of 6/4/1912 26S,2W, Sec. 21 Water Power Potential / PSR 280 BLM D C 

OR 19057 EO of 6/4/1912 26S,3W, Sec. 9*** Water Power Potential / PSR 280 BLM D C 

OR 19057 EO of 6/4/1912 26S,4W, Sec. 18*** Water Power Potential / PSR 280 BLM D C 

OR 19057 EO of 6/4/1912 26S,6W, Sec. 8 Water Power Potential / PSR 280 BLM D C 

OR 19057 EO of 6/4/1912 30S,2W, Sec. 28 Water Power Potential / PSR 280 BLM D C 

F – 5
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Serial Number Order Number Legal Description Acres Purpose/Name Managing 

Agency 

Segregation 

Effect 

Recommendation 

(C/R) 

OR 19057 EO of 6/4/1912 30S,4W, Sec. 25*** Water Power Potential / PSR 280 BLM D C 

OR 19341 PLO 754 24S,7W, Sec. 20,21 28.28 Timber Preservation BLM A C 

ORE 0 16183B PLO 3869 21S,6W, Sec. 1 80 Gunter Recreation Site BLM B C 

ORE 0 16183B PLO 3869 24S,7W, Sec. 13 23.7 Tyee Recreation Site BLM B C 

ORE 0 16183B PLO 3869 25S,1W, Sec. 23 20 Scaredman BLM B C 

ORE 0 16183B PLO 3869 25S,1W, Sec. 24 40 Recreation Site BLM B C 

ORE 0 16183B PLO 3869 25S,1W, Sec. 25 20 Scaredman BLM B C 

ORE 0 16183B PLO 3869 25S,1W, Sec. 30 40 Recreation Site BLM B C 

ORE 0 16183B PLO 3869 25S,2W, Sec. 15 160 Rock Creek Recreation Site BLM B C 

ORE 0 16183B PLO 3869 25S,2W, Sec. 21 320 Mill Pond Recreation Site BLM B C 

ORE 0 16183B PLO 3869 26S,2W, Sec. 14 160 Susan Creek Falls BLM B C 

ORE 0 16183B PLO 3869 26S,3W, Sec. 9 6.44 Lone Rock BLM B C 

ORE 0 16183B PLO 3869 27S,2W, Sec. 16 178.53 Wolf Creek Trail BLM B C 

ORE 0 16183B PLO 3869 27S,3W, Sec. 23 80 Cavitt Creek Forest BLM B C 

ORE 0 16183B PLO 3869 31S,8W, Sec. 35 20 Darby Creek Recreation Site BLM B C 

OR-1102 EO of 6/29/1917 25S,7W, Sec. 6 Water Power Potential / PSR 630 BLM D C 

OR 3660-A PLO 4537 25S,7W, Sec. 9,10,15 91.88 Umpqua Recreation Site BLM B C 

OR 19144 SO of 1/20/1970 25S,8W, Sec.12 20.8 Water Power Potential / PSC 162 BLM D C 

OR 19144 SO of 1/20/1970 26S,6W, Sec 30*** Water Power Potential / PSC 162 BLM D C 

OR 19144 SO of 1/20/1970 26S,5W, Sec 26 Water Power Potential / PSC 162 BLM D C 

OR-19153 SO of 6/29/1928 26S,3W, Sec 17*** Water Power Potential / PSC 202 BLM D C 

OR 44740 PL 100-557 26S,2W, Sec. 7,8,13,-18,. 

20-24 1620 North Umpqua Wild and Scenic River BLM VARIOUS C 

OR 18874 

*FPC Orders of 

12/28/1948 & 

5/18/1953 

26S,3W, Sec 35 100 foot wide Electric transmission 

line/ PP 1927 BLM B C 

OR 18874 

*FPC Orders of 

12/28/1948 & 

5/18/1953 

26S,2W, Sec. 7,13-15,17,21, 

29-31 110.11 100 foot wide Electric transmission line/ PP 1927 FERC B C 

OR 19103 EO of 7/10/1917 26S,2W, Sec. 7,13,15,17,23 397.3 Water Power Potential / PSR 631 BLM D C 

OR 19103 EO of 7/10/1917 26S,3W, Sec. 1,9***,11,17*** Water Power Potential / PSR 631 BLM D C 

OR 19103 EO of 7/10/1917 26S,4W, Sec. 7 Water Power Potential / PSR 631 BLM D C 

OR 19184 SO of 5/29/1951 26S,2W, Sec. 14,22,24 300 Water Power Potential / PSC 416, BLM D C 

OR 19016 SO of 10/24/1919 26S,2W, Sec. 21 33.78 Water Power Potential / WPD 16, BLM D C 

OR 18874 FPC ORDER of 

3/30/1945 26S,3W, Sec. 1,35 12.17 100 foot wide Electric transmission 

line/ PP 1927 FERC B 

OR 5263 PLO 4848 26S,3W, Sec. 1 80 Swiftwater Recreation Site BLM B C 

OR 5263 PLO 4848 27S,2W, Sec. 1 80 Emile Creek Recreation Site BLM B 

OR 5263 PLO 4848 27S,2W, Sec. 8 80 Little River Wayside BLM B 

ORE 013683 PLO 4448 29S,7W, Sec. 17,21 60.22 Umpqua River Reclamation Project BR B C 

ORE 013683 PLO 4448 30S,7W, Sec. 5,6 50.15 Umpqua River Reclamation Project BR B C 

OR 19113 EO of 12/12/1917 20S,7W, Sec 3 40 Water Power Potential / PSR 659 BLM D C 

F – 6
 
Managing Segregation Recommendati Serial Number Order Number Legal Description Acres Purpose/Name Agency Effect (C/R) 

OR 19113 EO of 12/12/1917 29S,9W, Sec. 35 40 Water Power Potential / PSR 659 BLM D C 

30S,3W, Sec. 25 ,29** *, 31, OR 19113 EO of 12/12/1917 Water Power Potential / PSR 659 BLM D C 33****,35 

30S,4W, Sec. 15,21,23, OR 19113 EO of 12/12/1917 Water Power Potential / PSR 659 BLM D C 25 ,27 

OR 19113 EO of 12/12/1917 30S,9W, Sec. 3 Water Power Potential / PSR 659 BLM D C 

OR 19014 SO of 12/12/1917 20S,7W, Sec 3 Water Power Potential / WPD 14 BLM D C 

OR 19014 SO of 12/12/1917 29S,9W, Sec. 35 40 Water Power Potential / WPD 14 BLM D C 

OR 19014 SO of 12/12/1917 30S,9W, Sec. 3 Water Power Potential / WPD 14 BLM D C 

OR 19152 SO of 2/151928 30S,2W, Sec. 23,29,31 Water Power Potential / PSC 198 BLM D C 

OR 19152 SO of 2/151928 30S,4W, Sec. 15** * Water Power Potential / PSC 198 BLM D C 

OR 19171 SO of 1/6/1940 30S,2W Sec. ,12 Water Power Potential / PSC 315 BLM D C 

OR 19171 SO of 1/6/1940 30S,3W, Sec. 19,29 Water Power Potential / PSC 315 BLM D C 

OR 19171 SO of 1/6/1940 30S,4W, Sec. 29 Water Power Potential / PSC 315 BLM D C 

OR 19171 SO of 1/6/1940 31S,3W, Sec. 3 83.61 Water Power Potential / PSC 315 BLM D C 

Surface 

ORE 012693 PLO 5490 All Public Domain (PD) lands 18,426 Multiple Use BLM closed to Ag C 

laws 

OR 53486 PLO 7413 T 31 S, R 7 W, Sec. 4 36.6 Gold Panning Area BLM B C 

OR 53486 PLO 7413 T 30 S, R 7 W, Sec. 36 58.72 Island Creek Rec. site BLM B C 

OR 53486 PLO 7413 T 31 S, R 7 W, Sec. 1 Island Creek Rec. site BLM B C 

OR 53486 PLO 7413 T 30 S, R 7 W, Sec. 23 40 Picket Bridge Rec. Site BLM B C 

OR 53486 PLO 7413 T 30 S, R 7 W, Sec. 5 25 Olalla-Thompson Cr. Day Use Site BLM B C 

DO: Director Order Segregation Effect: 

EO: Executive Order A: Withdrawn from operation of the general land laws, the Mining law, and the 

SO: Secretarial Order Mineral Leasing Act 

BO: Bureau Order B: Withdrawn from operations of the General Land and Mining Laws 

DO: Director Order C: Withdrawn from operation of the General Land Law 

PL: Public Law D: Withdrawn from operation of the General Land Law, open to mining subject to 

PLO: Public Land Order Public Law 359 

PSR: Power Site Reserve E: Withdrawn from operation of the General Land Law, withdrawn from mining 

PSC: Power Site Classification except metalliferous 

R&PP: Recreation and Public Purposes 

WPD: Water Power Designation Recommendation: 

FPC O: Federal Power Commission Continue-C Revoke-R 

FO: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Order 

*** Opened to entry subject to Sec. 24 of the Federal Power Act. 

**** Opened to entry in part subject to Sec. 24 of the Federal Power Act. 

Location description indicates sections within which withdrawn lands are located. Information on which portions of the cited sections are withdrawn is available at the District Office. 

Note: Table does not include lands that have been completely transferred out of Federal ownership subsequent to withdrawal or lands within National Forest boundaries. 

Appendix F - Lands 

on 

F – 7
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Table F-2. Land Tenure Zone 3 Lands In The Roseburg District 

Township Range Section Subdivision Acres Status Location # on Map 

2A/2B 

26S 2 W 17 NENESESE (part North of Highway 138) 0.30 O&C 145 

30 S 2 W 34 SESW 40.00 PD 146 

26 S 4 W 10 Lot 1 7.00 PD 147 

26 S 4 W 17 Lots 9 and 10 12.00 O&C 148 

27 S 4 W 7 Lot 2 4.00 O&C 149 

28 S 4 W 29 SENE 40.00 O&C 150 

30 S 4 W 1 Lot 9 4.00 O&C 151 

24 S 5 W 29 Lot 5 28.00 O&C 152 

28 S 5 W 28 NWNW 40.00 PD 153 

28 S 5 W 29 E2NE 80.00 O&C 154 

24 S 6 W 27 W1/2, SWSE 360.00 O&C 155 

25 S 6 W 3 NWNE, NESW, NESE 122.00 O&C 156 

25 S 6 W 33 SESE 40.00 O&C 157 

26 S 6 W 3 SENE, NESE 80.00 O&C 158 

26 S 6 W 17 Lot 2, SENW, SESW, SWSE 126.00 O&C 159 

30 S 6 W 18 Lots 1 and 2 39.00 PD 160 

Total Zone 3 Lands 1022.30 

E = East 

N = North 

S = South 

W = West 

UN = Unnumbered 

PD = Public Domain Land 

OC = Oregon and California Railroad Land 

Ot = Other 

Sources: Western Oregon Digital Base and District realty records 

F – 8
 
F – 9

Appendix F - Lands

Table F-3. Inventory of Communication Sites For The Roseburg District

Location # on Quarter Latitude Longitude Site Name Serial Number T R S Figure 5 Section North West

34 Kenyon Mountain 30S 9W 3 NW 42.5944 123.4531

35 Canyon Mountain 31S 5W 3 SW 42.5436 123.1706

36 Yellow Butte 23S 6W 27 NW 43.3207 123.2413

37 Lane Mountain 27S 4W 25 NE 43.1144 1230710 a

Map numbers start at 34 because recreation sites were numbered consecutively across the planning area in the Final Environmental Impact Statement.

Inventory of Communication Sites

Table F-3 contains information about existing communication sites in the Roseburg BLM District . The

Roseburg BLM District Resource Management Plan contains management directions related to 

management of communication sites .
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

F – 10
 
Appendix G 

Recreation 

This appendix provides supplemental material for the recreational section of the Roseburg District Resource 

Management Plan. 

In this appendix: 

Interim Off-Highway Vehicle Management Guidelines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .G-3 

Planning Frameworks for Special Recreation Management Areas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .G-6 

G – 1

Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

G – 2
 
Appendix G - Recreation 

Interim Off-Highway Vehicle Management Guidelines 

This section provides interim off-highway vehicle (OHV) management guidelines that would be 

implemented until a transportation management plan is completed. These interim guidelines have been 

developed for OHV emphasis areas. 

Maps associated with these interim OHV management guidelines are available at the Roseburg BLM 

District Office. These maps show OHV area designations, a preliminary road and trail network, and BLMadministered lands that have secured legal public access. See the resource management plan: Table 22 for a 

list of individual closed areas, Table 23 for off-highway vehicle use area designations, and Table 24 for offhighway vehicle emphasis areas. 

The BLM road maintenance levels that pertain to limitations on types of off-highway vehicle use are 

described below. 

• Level 1 – This level is assigned to roads where minimum maintenance is required to protect 

adjacent lands and resource values. Emphasis is given to maintaining drainage and runoff patterns 

as needed to protect adjacent lands. Grading, brushing, or slide removal is not performed unless 

roadbed drainage is being adversely affected, causing erosion. Closure and traffic restrictive devices 

are maintained as needed. 

• Level 2 – This level is assigned to roads that are passable by high clearance vehicles. Drainage 

structures are to be inspected within a 3-year period and maintained as needed. Grading is 

conducted as necessary to correct drainage problems. Brushing is conducted as needed to allow 

access. These are typically low standard, low volume, single lane, natural and aggregate surfaced, 

and are functionally classified as resource roads. 

• Level 3 – This level is assigned to roads where management objectives require the road to be open 

seasonally or year-round for commercial, recreational, or administrative access. Typically, these 

roads are natural or aggregate surfaced, but may include low use bituminous surfaced road. These 

roads have a defined cross section with drainage structures (e.g., rolling dips, culverts, or ditches). 

These roads may be negotiated by passenger cars traveling at prudent speeds. User comfort and 

convenience are not considered a high priority. Drainage structures are to be inspected at least 

annually and maintained as needed. Grading is conducted to provide a reasonable level of riding 

comfort at prudent speeds for the road conditions. Brushing is conducted as needed to improve 

sight distance. 

• Level 4 – This level is assigned to roads where management objectives require the road to be 

open all year (except may be closed or have limited access due to snow conditions) and which 

connect major administrative features (recreational sites, local road systems, administrative 

sites, etc.) to County, State, or Federal roads. Typically these roads are single or double lane, 

aggregate, or bituminous surface, with a higher volume of commercial and recreational traffic than 

administrative traffic. 

Roseburg District 

OHV Designations 

• Limited to designated roads and trails: 417,379 acres 

• Closed: 9,924 acres 

G – 3
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Description 

Includes all BLM-administered lands within the Roseburg District. See additional interim guidelines for the 

Hubbard Creek Off-Highway Vehicle Emphasis Area. 

Limited Area Management Guidelines 

• Limited off-highway vehicle areas are managed in accordance with all applicable federal and state 

off-highway vehicle regulations. 

• Motor vehicle use will be limited to administrative, commercial, and passenger vehicle traffic where 

not specifically signed or gated. 

• Until road and trail designations are complete, all motorized vehicles will be limited to the interim 

road and trail network as mapped unless closed or restricted under a previous planning effort or 

due to special circumstances as defined below. 

• Routes may be closed or limited under seasonal or administrative restrictions. These restrictions 

may include, but are not limited to, fire danger, wet conditions, special requirements for wildlife 

species, to protect cultural resources, or for public safety. 

• Vehicles may pull off roads or trails to park or allow others to pass, up to 25 feet from centerline of 

roads or up to 15 feet from centerline of trails. 

• Limitations apply to all Class I (ATVs), Class II (4WDs) and Class III (motorcycles) vehicle 

use and to all activity types (recreational, commercial, etc.) unless authorized by the BLM for 

administrative purposes. 

Closed Area Management Guidelines 

All motorized vehicles are prohibited from entering closed OHV areas unless authorized by the BLM for 

administrative purposes. 

Process for Ongoing Public Collaboration/Outreach 

• The principal venue for public collaboration is through public outreach and scoping during future 

travel management planning efforts, special projects, and local partnership. 

• Press releases will be sent out as needed informing the public of OHV opportunities and 

restrictions. Signs will be posted where appropriate. 

• Upon completion of the transportation management plan, maps and brochures shall be available to 

the public at the Roseburg District office illustrating designations, describing specific restrictions, 

and defining opportunities. 

Process for Selecting a Final Road and Trail Network 

Final route designations for the district will be accomplished in a comprehensive, interdisciplinary travel 

and transportation management plan scheduled to be complete no later than five years after completion of 

the RMP revision. 

The BLM’s geo-database will provide information for identifying roads and trails for both motorized and 

non-motorized activities. On-the-ground inventories will be conducted if a reasonable determination 

can not be made using remote-sensing techniques. Proposed designations will be analyzed through 

public scoping and a NEPA analysis. Amendments to the designated system will be considered during the 

transportation management planning process. 

G – 4
 
Appendix G - Recreation 

Road and Trail Construction and Maintenance Standards 

Construction and maintenance will be done in accordance with the standards in BLM Manual H-9114-1 

and other professional sources. 

ubbard Creek Off-Highway Vehicle Emphasis Area 

Acres: 12,041
 

OHV Designation
 

Limited to designated roads and trails
 

Niche: Offers a multiple-use trail riding experience for motorcycles, ATVs, and 4X4 vehicles.
 

Management Guidelines
 

H

• Level 1and 2 routes are open to Class I (ATVs), Class II (4X4s) and Class III (motorcycles) vehicles 

according to width. Trails under 50 inches wide are restricted to Class I and Class III vehicles. 

• ATVs and motorcycles must have Oregon ATV permits. 

• Non-motorized travel (horseback riding, hiking, and mountain biking) is allowed on all access routes. 

• Motorized use on the trail system may be restricted seasonally due to resource concerns (such as during 

the summer due to fire hazard conditions, as determined by the Douglas Forest Protective Association. 

Process for Ongoing Public Collaboration/Outreach 

The principal venue for public collaboration on the trail system is through partnerships with the local 

motorcycle and 4X4 associations. 

Process for Selecting a Final Road and Trail Network 

No route designations were made in the previous planning effort since it was designated as limited to 

existing roads and trails. After completion of the RMP revision, a road and trail inventory and designation 

process for the area will be developed. 

Road and Trail Construction and Maintenance Standards 

Trail maintenance will be a priority within the Hubbard Creek Off-Highway Vehicle Emphasis Area to 

ensure a quality riding experience for trail users, to minimize user conflicts, promote safety for users, and 

conserve resource values. 

G – 5
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Planning Frameworks for Special Recreation 

Management Areas 

This section presents management guidelines for special recreation management areas in the Roseburg 

BLM District. 

Cow Creek 

Primary Market Strategy: Community 

Niche: Backcountry Byway; semi-developed day-use and river access; potential for overnight camping.
 

Management Objectives
 

Provide a broad spectrum of resource-dependent recreation opportunities to meet the needs and demands 

of visitors as prescribed in the Cow Creek Recreation Area Management Plan.
 

Withdraw developed sites from mineral entry. Monitor and deter vandalism.
 

Operate in accord with adjacent landowners and manage backcountry byway.
 

Develop camping opportunities within the scenic corridor, including the Island Recreation Site.
 

Targeted Outcomes 

Activities: Driving for pleasure; watchable wildlife; historical interpretation; camping; picnicking, 

recreational gold panning other river activities; biking; and hiking. 

Experiences: Group and family affiliations; escape from social pressure; physical exercise; developing 

outdoor skills; exploration; and enjoying outdoor resources and viewsheds. 

Benefits 

• Personal – Increased physical fitness; obtaining greater self confidence; savoring the senses of the 

natural environment; enjoying participation in desired activities in preferred outdoor setting; 

experiencing a greater sense of independence and exploration. 

• Psychological – Better mental health; reducing built-up tensions; feeling of personal freedom and 

exhilaration; enjoying a risk-taking adventure; improved outdoor skills. 

• Economic – Increased local tourism revenue; reduced health maintenance costs. 

• Environmental – Increased commitment to maintain quality natural; and greater local community 

support to manage natural resources to be enjoyed by prosperity. 

Prescribed Setting Character 

Physical: Varies from small developed recreation sites, to natural areas of river and rolling forested hills. 

Landscaping varies from forest, to managed park-like environments. The overall physical setting character is 

front country. 

Social
 

The social setting varies on three areas of the special recreation management area: 

• Cow Creek Backcountry Byway – Moderate visitor density 

• Cow Creek – Low visitor density 

• Developed recreation sites – Moderate visitor density during use season. 

G – 6
 
Appendix G - Recreation 

All settings are within a narrow corridor, but due to length, crowding seems diminished. 

Administrative: The Cow Creek Special Recreation Management Area is mainly accessed from the south and 

north ends of the byway; however, other access points are available. 

Activity Planning Framework 

Management: Provide for quality recreation settings and facilities to support a wide variety of recreation 

opportunities for preferred benefit outcomes. Strengthen partnerships with local and other federal agencies. 

Utilize volunteers. Maintain a middle country to rural recreation setting. 

Marketing: Disseminate brochures, post information on the internet, and post news releases. 

Monitoring: Conduct patrols to sites within the area. Collect visitor use statistics and user preferences. 

Perform safety inventories annually. 

Administrative: Determine and apply administrative actions as needed to promote quality recreation 

experiences; protect the character of settings; minimize user conflicts; promote safety of visitors and protect 

the natural resources. Issue Special Recreation Permits. 

North Umpqua 

Primary Market Strategy: Destination 

Niche: Developed overnight and day-use recreation; non-motorized river recreation; undeveloped nonmotorized use area; and a paved access corridor. 

Management Objectives 

• Enhance recreation opportunities through management plans, including: North Bank Ranch, 

North Umpqua Wild and Scenic River, and North Umpqua National Scenic Byway. 

• Provide recreational opportunities compatible with the management of Columbia White Tail deer 

within the North Bank Habitat Management Area. 

• Maintain high-quality recreation facilities to meet public needs and provide for quality recreation 

experiences in preferred settings. Withdraw developed sites from mineral entry. 

• Coordinate volunteer host program and recreation partnerships with Umpqua National Forest. 

Targeted Outcomes 

Activities: Camping; picnicking; hiking; wildlife viewing; rafting; kayaking; swimming; fishing; hunting; 

driving for pleasure; group gatherings; collecting forest products. 

Experiences: Individual, family and group affiliations; escape from personal social pressure; achievement 

and challenge from adventure; physical exercise; enjoying outdoor resources. 

Benefits: 

• Personal – Increased physical fitness; learning outdoor skills; testing endurance; obtaining self 

confidence; experiencing a greater sense of independence; and exploration. 

• Psychological – Better mental health; personal satisfaction achieved in outdoor quests; releasing or 

reducing built-up tensions or stress; feeling of personal freedom and exhilaration. 

• Economic – Increased local tourism revenue; increased work productivity after experiences. 

G – 7
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

• Environmental – Increased commitment to maintain quality natural settings for future recreation 

activities and opportunities; greater community support to manage natural resources. 

Prescribed Setting Character 

Physical: Varies from developed recreation sites, to natural areas of forested to semi-forested hills. The 

overall physical setting character is rural. 

Social: 

• North Umpqua River – Low visitor density on Wild & Scenic River section; high use in bait fishing 

area of Swiftwater. 

• North Umpqua Trail – Low visitor density. 

• North Umpqua Scenic Byway – High visitor density during summer use season. 

• Developed Recreation Sites – High visitor density during camping season. 

• North Bank Ranch – Low density. 

Administrative: The entire area is accessed through specific areas where visitors can be monitored. Regular 

patrols and field presence are common. Rules are posted at sites. Brochures are available. Volunteer hosts 

reside seasonally or year round at seven sites. 

Activity Planning Framework 

Management: Provide for quality recreation settings and facilities to support a wide variety of recreation 

opportunities. Strengthen partnerships. Utilize volunteers. Maintain rural setting. 

Marketing: Disseminate brochures, post information on the internet, post news releases. Implement tourism 

actions from management plans of the byway and Wild and Scenic River. 

Monitoring: Conduct regular field patrols. Collect visitor use statistics and preferences. Conduct safety 

inventories. Document river activities in the annual North Umpqua Wild & Scenic River Monitoring Report. 

Administrative: Apply administrative actions to promote quality recreation, protect settings, minimize user 

conflicts, promote visitor safety, and protect natural resources. Partner with the Umpqua National Forest on 

management of the North Umpqua Wild and Scenic River and National Scenic Byway. 

Umpqua 

Primary Market Strategy: Community 

Niche: Developed overnight and day-use recreation sites along river corridor 

Management Objectives 

• Manage recreation use to protect natural resources, provide visitor safety, and minimize user 

conflicts. Withdraw developed sites from mineral entry. 

• Maintain high-quality recreation facilities to meet public needs and provide for quality recreation 

experiences in a preferred setting. 

• Cultivate quality volunteer hosts who provide service to users of recreation sites and river. 

G – 8
 
Appendix G - Recreation 

Targeted Outcomes 

Activities: Camping; picnicking; wildlife viewing; water play/swimming; fishing; driving for pleasure; 

viewing scenery; organized group gathering and socializing; off-highway vehicles. 

Experiences: Individual, family and group affiliations; developing outdoor skills. 

Benefits: 

• Personal – Increased physical fitness; learning outdoor skills; testing endurance; obtaining self 

confidence; enjoying desired activities in preferred outdoor setting. 

• Psychological – Better mental health; personal satisfaction achieved in outdoor quests; releasing or 

reducing built-up tensions or stress; feeling of personal freedom and exhilaration. 

• Economic – Increased local tourism revenue; reduced health maintenance costs. 

Environmental – Increased commitment to maintain quality natural settings; greater local community 

support to manage natural resources. 

Prescribed Setting Character 

Physical: Varies from highly developed recreation sites to forested areas. Landscaping includes managed 

park-like environments. The overall physical setting character is rural. 

Social: The social setting varies on these areas of the Umpqua Special Recreation Management Area: 

• The Umpqua River – Low visitor density 

• Developed recreation sites – High visitor density during camping season. 

Administrative: Parts of the Umpqua Special Recreation Management Area are accessed through areas 

where visitors can be monitored. Regular patrols are common. Rules are posted at sites and brochures are 

available. Volunteer hosts reside year-round at two recreation sites. 

Activity Planning Framework 

Management: Provide for quality recreation settings and facilities to support a wide variety of recreation 

opportunities. Utilize volunteers. Maintain a rural recreation setting. 

Marketing: Provide brochures; post information on the internet; and post news releases about recreation 

opportunities, rules, and special events. 

Monitoring: Conduct patrols to use sites and collect use statistics and preferences. Perform safety 

inventories annually. Monitor volunteer efforts. 

Administrative: Apply administrative actions as needed to promote quality recreation experiences; protect 

the character of settings; minimize user conflicts; promote safety of visitors; and protect the natural 

resources. Issue Special Recreation Permits as needed. 

G – 9
 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

G – 10
 
Glossary 

Glossary – 1

Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Glossary – 2
 
Glossary

3P fall, buck, and scale sampling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A sampling method that determines the volume and value of 

merchantable timber. The method starts with visual estimation of 

a stand using the 3P sampling method (i.e., PPP, or, probability 

proportional to prediction), which operates under the assumption that 

the probability of a tree being sampled is proportional to its predicted 

occurrence in a stand. The estimation is verified by cutting down a 

sampled tree (fall), cutting it into merchantable log lengths (buck), and 

measuring the logs (scale) noting indicators for defects and log grades. 

For managed second-growth stands, 3P sampling is generally used to 

develop volume tables from which stand volumes may be extrapolated. 

For uneven-aged stands, typically containing larger and often more 

defective timber, 3P sampling is useful in determining the net volume 

(recovery). 

303(d) Water Quality Listing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Impaired waters that do not meet water quality standards, identified 

by DEQ, as required by the Clean Water Act. 

acre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A measure of surface land area in U.S. customary units that is 43,560 

square feet, which is 1/640 of a square mile (or approximately 0.4 

hectares). If square, it is nearly 209 feet on each side. 

active stream channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The inundated area of bed and banks of a stream, from larger 

streamflow of one to two years. 

activity fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Debris (wood chips, bark, branches, limbs, logs, or stumps) left on the 

ground after management actions, such as logging, pruning, thinning, 

or brush cutting, versus debris left after storms or fires. 

adaptive management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A forest management methodology that continually monitors, 

evaluates, and adjusts decisions and management actions to improve 

implementation and to ensure that the goals and objectives of resource 

management plans are being met. 

Adaptive Management Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Northwest Forest Plan term that denotes a land use allocation (or 

landscape unit) whose lands are designated for development and 

for testing technical and social approaches for achieving desired 

ecological, economic, and other social objectives. 

adverse modification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An Endangered Species Act term that is not specifically defined by the 

act but is generally accepted to denote a direct or indirect alteration of 

habitat that appreciably diminishes the value of an area with respect 

to the survival, or in some instances the recovery, of a listed species. 

In most instances, this standard is considered the same as, or is nearly 

identical, to the jeopardy standard. 

age classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A system that categorizes trees, forests, stands, or forest types by 

intervals of years. Age classifications differ around the U.S. by forest 

type (wet, dry, evergreen, deciduous, or succulent). For this analysis, 

the interval is usually 10-year increments. 

aggregated retention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See variable-retention harvest system. 

Glossary – 3 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

allowable sale quantity/annual productive capacity . . . . . . These terms are synonymous. The timber yield that a forest can 

produce continuously under the intensity of management outlined in 

the RMP from those lands allocated for permanent forest production. 

alternative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . One of several proposed management actions that have been studied 

and found to meet the goals and objectives of a project’s purpose and 

need and, as a result, is suitable to aid decision-making. 

anadromous fish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fish that are born and reared in freshwater, move to the ocean to grow 

and mature, and return to freshwater to reproduce. Includes species 

such as salmon and steelhead. Also see salmonid. 

analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The scientific evaluation of the environmental impacts of proposed 

planning decisions. The BLM employs many types of analysis (e.g., 

surface, linear, raster, contiguity, and topological overlay) with a 

variety of data sets (e.g., inventory and GIS) and tools (e.g., physical, 

quantitative, data, and spatial modeling). 

analytical assumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A judgmental decision that is based on the science and relationships 

of natural systems assumed to be true and from which conclusions 

can be drawn to supply the missing values, relationships, or societal 

preferences needed for proceeding with an analysis of alternatives. 

angular canopy density. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A measure of shade provided by riparian vegetation. It is the density 

of the canopy, expressed as a percent, measured along the path of 

incoming solar radiation between the sun and a stream. 

animal unit month (AUM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The amount of forage necessary to sustain one cow (or its equivalent) 

for one month. 

annual productive capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An O&C Act term denoting the volume of timber that is determined 

will grow in one year in a given area. Also see allowable sale quantity 

(ASQ), offer, and sustained yield capacity. 

Aquatic Conservation Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Northwest Forest Plan methodology designed to restore and 

maintain the ecological health of watersheds and aquatic ecosystems, 

consisting of four components: riparian reserves, key watersheds, 

watershed analysis, and watershed restoration. 

aquatic habitat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Habitat for vertebrate and invertebrate wildlife species and vascular 

and non-vascular plants occurring in free water (e.g. lakes, ponds, 

streams, rivers, springs and seeps). 

area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A generic forestry term that refers to the surface land included within 

specific boundaries and usually allocated for a specific purpose, such 

as a late-successional management area, a timber management area, 

a traditional use area, a recreational use area, or a wilderness area. 

Contrast with block. 

Area of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC) . . . . . Land where special management attention is needed to protect life, to 

provide safety from natural hazards, or to prevent irreparable damage 

to important values (historic, cultural, or scenic), resources (fish and 

wildlife), or processes (natural systems). 

Glossary – 4 
Glossary

Area of Mutual Interest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A defined mapped area, identified by industry, of potential petroleum 

development. 

assessment area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A subdivision of a sustained yield unit (BLM district) that has been 

divided by physiographic provinces. 

at-risk species. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Species that are determined by a detailed assessment to be in danger of 

becoming locally or completely extinct. 

at-risk community. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A group of homes or structures that exist within the vicinity of federal 

lands or a wildland/urban interface for which a significant threat to 

human life or property exists as a result of a wildland fire. 

authority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The right and power to make decisions and give orders such as the 

United States Congress exerts when passing legislation (e.g. the O&C 

Act and the Endangered Species Act). 

awarded timber sales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A sale where the government has accepted a bid from a qualified high 

bidder, thereby binding the government and granting specific rights to 

the purchaser. 

backcountry byways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A road segment designated as part of the National Scenic Byway 

System. 

basal area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The cross-sectional area of a single stem, of all stems of a species in a 

stand, or of all plants in a stand (including the bark) that is measured 

at breast height (about 4.5 feet up from the ground) for larger plants 

(like trees) or measured at ground level for smaller plants. 

baseline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The starting point for the analysis of environmental consequences, 

often referred to as the Affected Environment. This starting point 

may be the condition at a point in time (e.g., when inventory data 

is collected) or the average of a set of data collected over a specified 

number of years. Also see analysis, environmental consequences, and 

inventory data. 

beneficial use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . In general, any reasonable use of a resource for a purpose consistent 

with the laws and best interests of the people of a state. In water use 

law, such uses include, but are not limited to: instream, out of stream, 

and ground water uses; domestic, municipal, and industrial water 

supplies; mining, irrigation, and livestock watering; fish and aquatic 

life; wildlife watering; fishing and water contact recreation; aesthetics 

and scenic attraction; hydropower; and commercial navigation. 

Best Management Practices (BMPs). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BMPs are defined as methods, measures, or practices selected on 

the basis of site-specific conditions to ensure that water quality will 

be maintained at its highest practicable level. BMPs include, but are 

not limited to, structural and nonstructural controls, operations, 

and maintenance procedures. BMPs can be applied before, during, 

and after pollution-producing activities to reduce or eliminate the 

introduction of pollutants into receiving waters (40 CFR 130.2, EPA 

Water Quality Standards Regulation). 

Glossary – 5 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

biological assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A biological assessment is a document that evaluates potential effects 

of a proposed action to listed and proposed species and designated 

and proposed critical habitat and determines whether any such species 

or habitats are likely to be adversely affected by the action. It is used 

in determining whether formal consultation or conferencing with the 

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service or National Marine Fisheries Service is 

necessary (50 CFR 402.12[a] ) 

biological opinion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An opinion by the U. S, Fish and Wildlife Service or the National 

Marine Fisheries Service as to whether or not a federal action is 

likely or not to jeopardize the continued existence of listed species, or 

would result in the destruction of or adverse modification of critical 

habitat. The opinion may contain reasonable and prudent alternatives, 

a statement of anticipated take of listed animals, and conservation 

recommendations for listed plants. 

biomass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unmerchantable and waste plant materials used as a source of 

renewable combustible fuel. Also includes non-sawlog material 

ground up into fiber and used in secondary wood products. 

block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A term that denotes an area of land that has been approved for 

special management, such as a northern spotted owl reserve or a fire 

suppression area. Contrast with area. 

board foot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A unit of measure for unfinished solid wood used by the lumber 

industry that is typically expressed as bf or bd. ft. and equals the 

volume contained in a 1-inch thick, 12-inch long, and 12-inch wide 

board. 

Bureau Strategic Species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A special status species category established by the Oregon/ 

Washington BLM that includes animal, plant and fungi species that 

are of concern in the two states. The special status species policy 

(BLM 6840) does not apply to these species, and no analysis of them 

is required in NEPA documents. Field units are required to collect 

occurrence field data and maintain records. Also see Bureau sensitive 

species. 

Bureau of Land Management (BLM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A federal agency within the U.S. Department of the Interior that is 

responsible for administering 261 million surface acres of federally 

owned lands in accordance with all applicable laws to sustain the 

health, diversity, and productivity of those lands. Most of the acreage 

is in Alaska and the western states. 

Bureau Sensitive Species. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A special status species category established by the BLM that includes 

those plant and animal species eligible for status as federally listed, 

federal candidate, state listed, or state candidate (plant) species; on 

List 1 of the Oregon Natural Heritage Database or approved for this 

category by the BLM state director; or included under agency species 

conservation policies. Also see Bureau strategic species. 

Glossary – 6 
Glossary

candidate species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plants and animals for which the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has 

sufficient information on their biological status and threats to propose 

them as endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act 

(ESA), but for which development of a proposed listing regulation is 

precluded by other higher priority listing activities. 

canopy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The more or less continuous cover of branches and foliage formed 

collectively by adjacent trees and other woody species in a forest stand. 

Where significant height differences occur between trees within a 

stand, formation of a multiple canopy (multi-layered) condition can 

result. 

canopy closure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The ground area covered by the crowns of trees or woody vegetation as 

delimited by the vertical projection of crown perimeter and commonly 

expressed as a percent of total ground area. 

catchment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An area drained by a stream. For research, a very small experimental 

watershed, often times less than 100 acres. 

channel migration zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The extent of lateral movement of a river across a floodplain toward 

the convex side of an original curve. 

checkerboard land ownership pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A land ownership pattern in which square-mile sections of federal 

lands are typically intermixed, on the basis of alternating sections, 

with adjoining private lands. The O&C lands of western Oregon 

are an example of checkerboard ownership. This ownership pattern 

resulted from the revestment back to the federal government of lands 

granted by the federal government to early railroad companies. The 

checkerboard ownership pattern of the O&C lands creates additional 

access, management, and perception issues. Also see O&C Act. 

clearcut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A timber harvesting method that removes essentially all trees in 

an area, whether merchantable or not, producing a fully exposed 

microclimate for development of a new age class. 

coarse woody debris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . That portion of trees that has naturally fallen or been cut and left in 

the woods. Usually refers to pieces at least 20 inches in diameter. Also 

see coarse woody debris classes. 

coarse woody debris classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . There are four classes used to describe coarse woody debris. The 

classes range from Class I (which has the least decay, intact bark, and a 

hard log) to Class IV (i.e., the coarse woody debris has decayed to the 

point of nearly being incorporated into the forest floor). 

commercial forest land base. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forest lands declared suitable for producing timber and having a 

minimum level of productivity of 20 cubic feet/acre/year. Contrast 

with harvest land base. 

commercial thinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Any type of thinning producing merchantable material at least equal 

to the value of the direct cost of harvesting. See thinning. 

Congressionally Reserved Areas 

(Congressional Reserves). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Areas established by an Act of Congress or Executive Order, such 

as national parks, wild and scenic rivers, national recreation areas, 

wilderness, and national monuments. 

Glossary – 7 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

connectivity block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Northwest Forest Plan term denoting a corridor that links areas of 

northern spotted owl habitat. Contrast with connectivity/diversity 

block. 

connectivity / diversity block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A subdivision of the matrix land use allocation in the current 

Resource Management Plans that serves as a corridor for linking 

late-successional and old-growth forests to facilitate the movement, 

feeding, and breeding of late-successional and old-growth species. 

These blocks are managed to maintain between 25 and 30 percent of 

late-successional forest within them. Contrast with connectivity block. 

conservation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conservation, when applied to special status species, is the methods 

and procedures used to improve the plant and animal species biology, 

improve their habitat condition, and reduce threats to their continued 

existence. 

conservation agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A non-binding document of agreement between agencies that outlines 

conservation goals necessary to reduce, eliminate, or mitigate specific 

threats to species at risk, and provides general guidance on species 

management. 

conservation strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A management plan for a species, group of species, or ecosystem that 

prescribes standards and guidelines that if implemented provide a 

high likelihood that the species, groups of species, or ecosystem, with 

its full complement of species and processes, will continue to exist 

well-distributed throughout a planning area. 

Consultation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A formal review between the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service or 

National Marine fisheries Service and another federal agency when it 

is determined that an action by the agency may affect critical habitat 

or a species that has been listed as threatened or endangered to ensure 

that the agency’s action does not jeopardize a listed species or destroy 

or adversely modify critical habitat. 

cooperators and cooperating agencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Those individuals and agencies that provide qualified information 

to a federal agency, such as the BLM, to use in formulating resource 

management actions and analyzing environmental consequences. 

The Council on Environmental Quality regulations that implement 

requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act define a 

cooperating agency as any agency that has jurisdiction by law or 

special expertise for proposals that are covered by the National 

Environmental Policy Act (40 CFR 1501.6). BLM planning regulations 

[43 CFR 1610.3-15(b)] further provide that eligible Federal agencies, 

state and local governments, and federally recognized Indian tribes 

may also participate as cooperating agencies. 

Coos Bay Wagon Road (CBWR) lands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The public lands that were granted to the Southern Oregon Company 

for construction of a military road, but subsequently revested by the 

United States and later incorporated into the O&C Act. 

Glossary – 8 
Glossary

corridor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A strip of land that links areas in a fragmented landscape to 

facilitate the passage of animals, plants, people, energy, or materials 

between habitat or service areas. Examples are biological, recreation, 

transportation, and utility corridors. Biological corridors are reserved 

from substantial disturbance. Also see connectivity block and 

connectivity/ diversity block. 

critical habitat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An Endangered Species Act term denoting a specified geographic area 

occupied by a federally listed species, and on which the physical and 

biological features are found that are essential to the conservation and 

recovery of that species and that may require special management or 

protection. 

crown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The upper part of a tree that has live branches and foliage. 

crown bulk density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A measure of the fuel in a forest’s canopy that is usually calculated by 

dividing the canopy volume by the weight of the needles, leaves, and 

smaller branches (or calculated using the height-to-crown base, tree 

height, and basal area values). Contrast with crown density. 

crown density. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A measure of the density of a tree’s crown that is calculated from the 

amount, compactness, and depth of the foliage in the tree’s crown. 

Contrast with crown bulk density. 

crown fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fire that moves through the crowns of adjacent trees independent 

of any surface fire. Crown fires can often move faster and ahead of 

ground fires. 

culmination of mean annual increment (CMAI) . . . . . . The age in the growth cycle of a tree or stand at which the mean 

annual increment (MAI) for volume is at its maximum. At 

culmination, MAI equals the periodic annual increment (PAI). 

cumulative effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The impact on the environment that results from incremental impacts 

of an action when added to other past, present, and reasonably 

foreseeable future actions regardless of which agency or person 

undertakes such other actions. Cumulative impacts can result from 

individually minor, but collectively significant, actions taking place 

over a period of time. 

decompaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mechanical ripping and/or tillage of roadbeds, landings and other 

compacted areas for the purposes of increasing infiltration and 

aeration. 

density management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The cutting or killing of trees to increase spacing for promoting the 

acceleration of the growth of remaining trees, improvement of stand 

vigor, or attainment of late-successional characteristics. Also see 

thinning, precommercial thinning, and commercial thinning. 

determination of NEPA adequacy (DNA) . . . . . . . . . . . . An interim step in BLM’s internal analysis process, which documents 

that a proposed action is adequately analyzed in an existing 

environmental impact statement [EIS] or environmental assessment 

[EA]. Where applicable, the determination also documents 

conformance with an approved land use plan. (BLM NEPA Handbook, 

516 DM 11). 

Glossary – 9 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

diameter at breast height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The diameter of the stem of a tree measured at 4.5 feet above the 

ground level on the uphill side of the stem. Also see quadratic mean 

diameter. 

dispersal habitat (spotted owl). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forest habitat that allows northern spotted owls to move (disperse) 

across the landscape; typically characterized by forest stands with 

average tree diameters of greater than 11 inches, and conifer overstory 

trees having closed canopies (greater than 40 percent canopy closure) 

with open space beneath the canopy to allow owls to fly. 

dispersed retention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See variable-retention harvest system. 

disturbance (natural) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A force that causes significant change in structure and/or composition 

through natural events such as fire, flood, wind, and earthquake, or 

through mortality caused by insect or disease outbreaks. 

disturbance, stand replacement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A force that removes most or all existing trees in a forest stand 

through natural events such as fire, flood, earthquake, or mortality 

caused by insect or disease outbreaks. 

dominant use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A land use that is the primary purpose for the land use designation; 

for instance, wildlife habitat on National Wildlife Refuges or timber 

production on O&C lands. Contrast with multiple use. 

effective shade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The proportion of direct beam solar radiation reaching a stream 

surface to total daily solar radiation. 

envelope curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A line drawn on a figure with dependent and independent variables 

for a collection of hydrologic studies, showing the best fit of the extent 

of maximum response. 

environmental consequences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The direct, indirect and cumulative effects of a proposed action or 

alternative on existing conditions in the environment in which the 

action(s) would occur. Also see baseline. 

environmental impact statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A detailed document, required under the National Environmental 

Policy Act of 1969, of a federal project’s environmental consequences, 

including adverse environmental effects that cannot be avoided, 

alternatives to the proposed action, the relationship between local 

short-term uses and long-term productivity, and any irreversibly or 

irretrievable commitment of resource. 

equivalent clearcut area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Method of estimating changes in streamflow response from the 

amount and distribution of forest cover in a watershed. 

even-aged management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A silvicultural system that creates forest stands primarily comprised of 

a single age or having a very narrow range of ages. 

even-aged stand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A stand of trees comprised of a single age class in which the range of 

tree ages is usually ± 20% of rotation. 

Glossary – 10 
Glossary

evolutionary significant unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A population or group of populations considered “distinct,” and hence 

a “species” for purposes of the Endangered Species Act, representing 

an evolutionarily significant unit (ESU) of the biological species. A 

population must satisfy two criteria to be considered an ESU. It must 

be reproductively isolated from other conspecific population units, 

and it must represent an important component in the evolutionary 

legacy of the species. Isolation does not have to be absolute, but must 

be strong enough to permit evolutionarily important differences to 

accrue in different population units. The second criterion is met if the 

population contributes substantially to the ecological/genetic diversity 

of the species as a whole. (NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS F/ 

NWC-194). 

facies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A characteristic of a rock unit that reflects a common origin or time. 

fifth-field watershed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . One of the classifications of watersheds used by the United States 

Geological Survey that identifies some of the smallest watersheds and 

is useful for assessing water-related issues; generally 20 to 200 square 

miles in size. For details about the classification of drainage areas, see 

http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/huc.html. Also see watershed. 

fine sediment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fine-grained soil material, less than 2mm in size, normally deposited 

by water, but in some cases by wind (aeolian) or gravity (dry ravel). 

fire control, direct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Any treatment applied directly to burning fuel, such as wetting, 

smothering, or chemically quenching the fire or by physically 

separating the burning from unburned fuel. 

fire control, prescribed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Any fire ignited by management actions to meet specific objectives. 

A written, approved prescribed fire plan must exist, and NEPA 

requirements (where applicable) must be met prior to ignition. 

forest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An ecosystem characterized by stands of trees varying in 

characteristics such as species composition, structure, age class, and 

associated processes, and commonly including meadows, streams, fish, 

and wildlife. 

flood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Streamflow overtopping streambanks, or rising water that covers land 

not normally under water. 

floodplain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Level lowland bordering a stream or river onto which the flow spreads 

at flood stage. 

forage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All browse and herbaceous matter available to grazing animals, 

including wildlife and domestic livestock. 

Forest Ecosystem Management Assessment Team 

(FEMAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The 1993 presidentially assigned team of scientists, researchers, and 

technicians from seven federal agencies that created the report that 

was used as the basis for the Northwest Forest Plan. 

forest land. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land at least 10 percent stocked by forest trees of any size, and 

including land that formerly had such tree cover and that will be 

naturally or artificially regenerated. 

Glossary – 11 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Forest Operations Inventory (FOI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An intensive inventory that provides managers with information 

regarding the age, species, stand location, size, silvicultural needs, 

and recommended treatment of stands based on individual stand 

conditions and productivity. 

fuel loading. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The dry weight of all accumulated live and dead woody and 

herbaceous material on the forest floor that is available for 

combustion, and which poses a fire hazard. 

genetic gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average improvement of a specific trait in a population of progeny 

over the average of the parental population (for example, height 

growth increase). 

green tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A live tree. 

green tree retention. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A stand management practice in which live trees are left within 

harvest units to provide a legacy of habitat components over the next 

management cycle. 

group selection harvest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See selection cutting. 

growth and yield modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Simulated projections of forest stand growth and development, from 

which timber volume estimates and other stand attributes expected 

to be produced per unit area under a certain set of conditions are 

derived. Also see modeling. 

forest habitat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An area containing the forest vegetation with the age class, species 

composition, structure, sufficient area, and adequate food source to 

meet some or all of the life needs (such as foraging, roosting, nesting, 

breeding habitat for northern spotted owls) of specific species. 

habitat-capable forests (spotted owl) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forested stands that are capable of developing into suitable habitat 

specifically for the northern spotted owl. 

harvesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The process of onsite cutting and removing of merchantable trees from 

a forested area. 

harvest land base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Those lands that are available for timber harvesting on a programmed 

sustained basis. Generally, a harvest land base does not include 

managed or other reserved lands, nonforested lands, or areas that the 

timber production capability classification inventory has determined 

are not capable of sustaining timber production. Also see timber 

production capability classification. 

hydrophilic vegetation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vegetation having a strong affinity for water. 

hydroregion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An area of similar climate and stream runoff processes. 

incidental take . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An Endangered Species Act term denoting the taking of a species 

that is listed as threatened or endangered inadvertently, rather than 

purposely, while carrying out otherwise lawful activity. Also see take. 

Glossary – 12 
Glossary

incorporated by reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Documents referenced in the final environmental impact statement 

that are provided by the individual subject matter experts, are 

maintained as a part of the administrative record housed at a 

centralized location, and are available upon request. 

intensively managed timber stands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forest stands that are managed to obtain a high level of timber volume 

and quality per unit area by using growth-enhancing practices, such as 

precommercial thinning, commercial thinning, and fertilization. 

intrinsic potential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A stream’s inherent ability to provide high-quality habitat for 

salmonids. 

inventory data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information collected by the use of objective sampling methods 

designed to quantify the spatial distribution, composition, and rates of 

change of forest parameters within specified levels of precision. Note: 

Inventories may be made of all forest resources including trees and 

other vegetation, fish and wildlife, etc. Also see baseline. 

jeopardy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The endangerment of the continued existence of a species that is listed 

as threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act. Also 

a finding made through consultation by a federal agency under the 

Endangered Species Act regarding an action proposed by the agency 

that may cause such endangerment. 

key watershed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Northwest Forest Plan term that denotes a watershed that contains 

habitat for potentially threatened species, stocks of anadromous 

salmonids, or other potentially threatened fish, or is an area of highquality water and fish habitat. Also see watershed. 

land use allocation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A designation for a use that is allowed, restricted, or prohibited for a 

particular area of land, such as the matrix, adaptive management, latesuccessional reserve, or critical habitat land use allocations. 

landscape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A broad expanse of terrain, up to the watershed scale of 10,000 to 

20,000 acres, which spans several ecosystems irrespective of ownership 

or other political boundaries. 

late-successional forest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A forest that is in its mature stage and contains a diversity of structural 

characteristics, such as live trees, snags, woody debris, and a patchy, 

multi-layered canopy. 

Late-Successional Management Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A designated area outside of the harvest land base that is actively 

managed to protect or enhance conditions of late-successional forest 

base. 

Late-Successional Reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Northwest Forest Plan term that denotes a land use allocation 

and has been reserved from programmed timber harvesting and 

designated to maintain existing or future mature old-growth, or latesuccessional habitat. 

load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The amount of material entering a system, such as point source and 

nonpoint source pollutants. Typically measured as pounds per day and 

significant in relation to the volume and circulation of the water or air 

mass in question. Also see point source and nonpoint source. 

Glossary – 13 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

long term . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A period of time used as an analytical timeframe; starts more than 10 

years after implementation of a resource management plan, depending 

on the resource being analyzed. Also see short term. 

mass wasting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The sudden or slow dislodgement and downslope movement of rock, 

soil, and organic materials. 

Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Northwest Forest Plan term that denotes a land use allocation for 

federal lands located outside of reserves, withdrawn areas, and latesuccessional areas. For the purpose of this final environmental impact 

statement, this term applies only to the No Action Alternative. 

mature stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Generally begins as tree growth rates stop increasing (after 

culmination of mean annual increment), and as tree mortality shifts 

from density-dependent mortality to density-independent mortality. 

mean annual increment (MAI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The total cumulative quantity produced over time of some attribute of 

a tree or stand growth (for example, wood volume divided by the total 

age of the tree or stand). 

merchantable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trees or stands having the size, quality and condition suitable for 

marketing under a given economic condition, even if not immediately 

accessible for logging 

minerals, leasable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Generally found in bedded deposits and include oil, gas, coal, 

chlorides, sulfates, carbonates, borates, silicates, and nitrates of 

potassium (potash) or sodium and related products; sulfur; phosphate 

and its associated and related minerals; asphalt; and gilsonite. 

minerals, locatable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Includes both metallic minerals (gold, silver, lead, copper, zinc, nickel, 

etc.) and nonmetallic minerals (fluorspar, mica, certain limestone and 

gypsum, tantalum, heavy minerals in placer form and gemstones) in 

land belonging to the United States that are open to citizens of the 

United States for exploration, discovery, and location which conveys 

the exclusive right to extract the locatable minerals upon receiving all 

required authorizations in accordance with regulations at 43 CFR 3802 

for lands in wilderness review and 3809 for other public lands. 

minerals, salable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Include but are not limited to: petrified wood and common varieties of 

sand, stone, gravel, pumice, pumicite, cinder, clay, and rock. 

modeling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A scientific method that operates by a structured set of rules and 

procedures to simulate current conditions and predict future 

conditions. Also see analysis. 

multi-layered canopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forest stands with two or more distinct tree layers in the canopy. 

Glossary – 14 
Glossary

multiple use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Federal Land Policy and Management Act term that denotes “... the 

management of the public lands and their various resource values so 

that they are utilized in the combination that will best meet the present 

and future needs of the American people; making the most judicious 

use of the land for some or all of these resources or related services 

over areas large enough to provide sufficient latitude for periodic 

adjustments in use to conform to changing needs and conditions; the 

use of some land for less than all of the resources; a combination of 

balanced and diverse resource uses that takes into account the longterm needs of future generations for renewable and nonrenewable 

resources, including, but not limited to, recreation, range, timber, 

minerals, watershed, wildlife and fish, and natural scenic, scientific 

and historical values; and harmonious and coordinated management 

of the various resources without permanent impairment of the 

productivity of the land and the quality of the environment with 

consideration being given to the relative values of the resources and 

not necessarily to the combination of uses that will give the greatest 

economic return or the greatest unit output.” (U.S. Code, Title 43, 

Chapter 35, Subchapter I, § 1702 (c)) Contrast with dominant use. 

National Marine Fisheries Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A federal agency under the United States Department of Commerce 

that is responsible for working with others to conserve, protect, and 

enhance anadromous fish and their habitats. 

natural fire regime class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A general classification of how fire would behave over time in the 

absence of human intervention. 

noncomformity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A physical expression of a period of time of non-deposition between 

rock units, usually indicated by erosion characteristics, bed tilting, or 

missing strata of an intervening time period. 

nonpoint source pollution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water or air pollutants where the source of the pollutant is not 

readily identified and is diffuse, such as the runoff from urban areas, 

agricultural lands, or forest lands. Also see point source. 

Northwest Forest Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 1994 common management approach for the 19 national forests and 

7 BLM districts located in the Pacific Northwest ecological region and 

jointly approved by the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of 

the Interior. 

nutrient cycling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Circulation of elements (such as carbon or nitrogen) between 

vegetation/organic material and soil, water and air. 

ordinary high water line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fluctuations of water in a stream or waterbody, from higher runoff of 

one or two years, that establish a line on the shore which is typically 

identified by physical characteristics. 

overstory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . That portion of trees forming the uppermost canopy layer in a forest 

stand and that consists of more than one distinct layer. 

partial harvest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . For the purpose of defining management action in Alternative 

3, partial harvest is a timber harvesting method that removes a 

substantial portion of the stand basal area (50-70%) on a harvest 

interval that mimics the historic average return interval for a moderate 

or mixed-severity fire. Glossary – 15 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

periodic annual increment (PAI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The difference in stand volume at two successive measurements, 

divided by the number of years between measurements. PAI is an 

approximation to current annual increment, which is not directly 

measurable. 

petroleum shows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A visual appearance of hydrocarbon (gas, oil, asphalt, etc.) in an 

exploration well, water well, coal prospect, natural spring, or seep. 

petroleum system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A relationship of source rock and the resulting petroleum 

accumulation. 

physiographic province . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A region of the landscape with distinctive geographical and biological 

features. When physiographic provinces subdivide sustained yield 

units (i.e., BLM districts), assessment areas are created. 

plan conformance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The determination that a management action is consistent with 

the terms, conditions, decisions, and is within the anticipated 

environmental consequences, of an approved resource management 

plan. 

plant communities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A group of populations that coexist in space and time and interact 

with one another (conifer and hardwood forest lands, oak woodlands, 

juniper woodlands and rangelands, chaparral, shrub-steppe lands, 

grasslands, serpentine, riparian vegetation, cliffs, rock outcrops, talus 

and overslopes, dune systems, meadows, wetlands, springs, fens, 

ponds, and vernal pools). 

play . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The existence of a trap that is detectable with geological, geophysical, 

or geochemical technology. 

point source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An origin of water or air pollutants that is readily identified, such as 

the discharge or runoff from an individual industrial plant or cattle 

feedlot. Also see nonpoint source. 

precommercial thinning (PCT). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The practice of reducing the density of trees within a stand by manual 

cutting, girdling, or herbicides to promote growth increases or 

maintain growth rates of desirable tree species. The trees killed are 

generally unmerchantable and retained on the treated area. 

preferred alternative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A National Environmental Policy Act term that denotes the alternative 

in a draft Environmental Impact Statement that is preferred by the 

proposing agency. 

progeny test site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A test area for evaluating parent seed trees by comparing the growth of 

their offspring seedlings. 

proper functioning condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The state of a riparian wetland area having the vegetation, landform, 

and large woody debris that are necessary for the species, habitat, and 

natural processes of an area. 

prospect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A drillable trap that is located within a play. 

public domain lands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Original holdings of the United States that were never granted or 

conveyed to other jurisdictions or never reacquired by exchange for 

other public domain lands. 

Glossary – 16 
Glossary

public land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land that is owned and controlled by some governmental entity 

(federal, state, county, or other municipality). 

quadratic mean diameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The average diameter, at breast height, of the tree that is of average 

basal area in a stand. Also see basal area and diameter breast height. 

reclamation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land treatment to “bring back” vegetation or functions of the land 

that minimize water degradation, damage to aquatic life or wildlife, 

flooding, erosion, and other adverse effects from surface mining 

operations. The process may involve backfilling, grading, resoiling, 

revegetation, decompaction, stabilization, or other measures. 

record of decision (ROD). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A document required by the National Environmental Policy Act, 

that is separate from, but associated with, an environmental impact 

statement. The ROD publicly and officially discloses the responsible 

official’s decision on which alternative assessed in the EIS will be 

implemented. 

recovery plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A plan for the conservation and survival of an endangered species 

or a threatened species listed under the Endangered Species Act for 

the purpose of improving the status of the species to the point where 

listing is no longer required. 

recruitment habitat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A stand that is capable of becoming habitat for a designated species 

within a designated period of time. 

regeneration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (n.) Tree seedlings or saplings existing in a stand. (v.) The process of 

re-establishing trees on a tract of forest land where harvest or some 

natural event has removed the existing trees. 

regeneration harvesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Any removal of trees intended to assist regeneration already present or 

make regeneration possible. 

relative density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A means of describing the level of competition among trees or site 

occupancy in a stand, relative to some theoretical maximum that 

is based on tree size and species composition. Relative density is 

determined mathematically by dividing the stand basal area by the 

square root of the quadratic mean diameter. Also see basal area and 

quadratic mean diameter. 

replacement habitat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A stand of equivalent habitat value to a designated species that is 

made available as a replacement for habitat that is lost within the same 

population boundary. 

resource management plan (RMP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A BLM planning document, prepared in accordance with Section 

202 of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act that presents 

systematic guidelines for making resource management decisions for 

a resource area. An RMP is based on an analysis of an area’s resources, 

their existing management, and their capability for alternative uses. 

RMPs are issue oriented and developed by an interdisciplinary team 

with public participation. Also see adaptive management. 

restoration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land treatments intended to bring back a former condition or function. 

Glossary – 17 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

riparian area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A geographic area containing an aquatic ecosystem and adjacent 

upland areas that directly affect it. This includes floodplains, 

woodlands, and all areas within a horizontal distance of approximately 

100 feet from the normal line of high water of a stream channel or 

from the shoreline of a standing body of water. 

road decommissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stabilization of unneeded or low use roads. Depending on the 

restoration objective, the series of actions may involve one or several 

of the following: closure, restoring natural stream crossings and selfmaintaining road surface drainage, erosion control, and vegetative 

treatments (planting), surface decompaction, and sidecast pullback or 

road obliteration. 

road improvement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Activities on an existing road that improves its original design 

standard. A typical improvement would add culverts and/or crushed 

aggregate to a natural dirt surface road. 

road obliteration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Removing a roadbed back from the landscape and restoring the 

natural topography. 

road pullback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Removal of unstable fill materials placed on the outside edge of the 

road prism. 

road stormproofing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Road surface work that upgrades drainage condition on roads that 

will remain open for travel, but will receive infrequent maintenance. 

Measures intended to prevent and control erosion and sediment 

delivery into stream channels, and reduce risk of road failure. 

rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The planned number of years between establishment of a forest stand 

and its regeneration harvest. 

salmonid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fish that are born and reared in freshwater, move to the ocean to grow 

and mature, and return to freshwater to reproduce. Includes species 

such as salmon and steelhead. Also see anadromous fish. 

salvage cutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Removal of dead trees or of trees damaged or dying because of 

injurious agents other than competition, to recover economic value 

that would otherwise be lost. 

seed orchard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A plantation of clones or seedlings from selected trees; isolated to 

reduce pollination from outside sources, weeded of undesirables, and 

cultured for early and abundant production of seed. 

sedimentary basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A geologic structural downwarp that has been filled with eroded 

rock from surrounding uplands. Both marine (filled with sediment 

deposited in oceans) and terrestrial (filled with inflowing rivers) basins 

exist. 

selection cutting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A method of uneven-aged management involving the harvesting of 

single trees from stands (single-tree selection) or in groups up to four 

(4) acres in size (group selection) without harvesting the entire stand 

at any one time. 

Glossary – 18 
Glossary

shelterwood cutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A regeneration method under an even-aged silvicultural system. With 

this method a portion of the mature stand is retained as a source of 

seed and/or protection during the regeneration period. The retained 

trees are usually removed in one or more cuttings. 

short term. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A period of time used as an analytical timeframe and that is within the 

first 10 years of the implementation of a resource management plan. 

Also see long term. 

silvicultural prescription . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A planned series of treatments designed to change current stand 

structure to one that meets management goals. 

silvicultural system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A planned series of treatments for tending, harvesting, and reestablishing a stand. The system name is based on the number of age 

classes managed within a stand (e.g., even- aged, two-aged, unevenaged). 

single-tree selection harvest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See selection cutting. 

site class. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A classification of an area’s relative productive capacity for tree growth; 

commonly expressed in terms of the heights of the largest trees in 

a stand at a common “index” age, usually 50 or 100 years-old. Site 

classes are numbered from 1 (most productive) to 5 (least productive). 

site potential tree height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The average maximum height of the tallest dominant trees (200 years 

or older) for a given site class. Also see site class. 

snag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Any standing (upright) dead tree. 

sold timber sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A timber sale for which a qualified purchaser has been established, 

through auction or negotiation, but where the BLM has yet to approve 

and consummate the timber sale contract. See awarded timber sales. 

source water watershed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A watershed area providing untreated water, used for drinking water. 

special forest products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Those plant and fungi resources that are harvested, gathered, or 

collected by permit, and have social, economical, or spiritual value. 

Common examples include mushrooms, firewood, Christmas trees, 

tree burls, edibles and medicinals, mosses and lichens, floral and 

greenery, and seeds and cones, but not soil, rocks, fossils, insects, 

animal parts, or any timber products of commercial value. 

special status species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Those species that are listed under the Endangered Species Act as 

threatened or endangered (including proposed and candidate species); 

listed by a state as threatened, endangered or candidate species; and 

listed by the BLM as sensitive species. Under the BLM Special Status 

Species policy (BLM 6840), the BLM State Director has created an 

additional category called Bureau Strategic Species (see glossary 

Bureau strategic species). 

stand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An aggregation of trees occupying a specific area and sufficiently 

uniform in composition, age, arrangement, and condition so that it is 

distinguishable from the forest in adjoining areas. 

Glossary – 19 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

stand establishment stage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The developmental stage extending from stand initiation until stands 

have reached canopy closure and density-dependent tree mortality 

begins. 

standards and guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Northwest Forest Plan rules for managing the different land use 

allocations. For the purpose of the final environmental impact 

statement, this term applies only to the No Action Alternative. 

stream, intermittent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Drainage feature with a dry period, normally for three months or 

more, where the action of flowing water forms a channel with welldefined bed and banks, supporting bed-forms showing annual scour 

or deposition, within a continuous channel network. 

stream order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A classification system used to define stream size; based on the 

hierarchy of tributaries principle. Working downstream from the 

upper extent of stream channels in a watershed, two unbranched 

first-order stream channels join to from a second order, and two like 

second orders join to form a third order, and so on. 

stream, perennial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Permanent channel drainage feature with varying but continuous yearround discharge, where the base level is at or below the water table. 

structurally complex stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage at which stands develop characteristics approximating “oldgrowth” stands described in many analyses associated with the 

Northwest Forest Plan. 

structural legacies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The large trees, down logs, snags, and other components of a forest 

stand that are left after harvesting for the purpose of maintaining site 

productivity and providing structures and ecological functions in 

subsequent stands. 

structural stage classifications of forests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . A scheme used to define the structural stages of forests. It uses 

four broad classifications (stand establishment, young, mature, and 

structurally complex) and multiple subclassifications to distinguish 

differences within classifications. 

stumpage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The price paid for timber on the stump. A timber purchaser pays 

stumpage to the BLM and then incurs the cost of logging and hauling 

the logs to the mill. 

suitable habitat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A stand that has the structures (physical and biological features) 

necessary to meet the biological requirements of a particular species. 

sustainability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sustainability can be defined as using, developing, and protecting 

resources in a manner that enables people to meet current needs and 

provides that future generations can also meet future needs, from 

the joint perspective of environmental, economic and community 

objectives. 

sustained yield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The volume of timber that a forest can produce continuously at a 

given intensity of management; the achievement and maintenance 

in perpetuity of a high-level annual or regular periodic output of the 

various renewable resources without impairment of the productivity of 

the land. 

Glossary – 20 
Glossary

sustained yield capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The volume of timber that can be offered for sale each year from an 

area based upon the consistent volume of timber that a forest can 

produce continuously. Also see annual productive capacity. 

sustained yield unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A BLM district. 

take . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An Endangered Species Act term that denotes the act of or the attempt 

to harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or 

collect a species listed as threatened or endangered. Also see incidental 

take. 

terrain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A tract or region of the earth’s surface or grouping of rock considered 

as a separate physical feature. 

thinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A silvicultural treatment made to reduce the density of trees primarily 

to improve tree/stand growth and vigor, and/or recover potential 

mortality of trees, generally for commodity use. Also see density 

management, precommercial thinning, and commercial thinning. 

timber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forest crops or stands, or wood that is harvested from forests and is of 

a character and quality suitable for manufacture into lumber and other 

wood products rather than for use as fuel. 

timberland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forested land capable of producing crops of industrial wood at a 

rate of at least 20 cubic feet/acre per year and is not withdrawn from 

timber production. (Some forest lands are not classified by the FIA 

[U.S. Forest Service Inventory and Analysis] as timberland because 

they are either unproductive or by law are off limits to harvesting [e.g., 

national parks and wildernesses]). 

timber production capability classification 

(TPCC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An analytical tool that inventories and identifies sites as capable of 

sustaining intensive timber management without it degrading their 

productive capacity. This tool evaluates a site’s soil depth, available 

moisture, slope, drainage, and stability to determine site capacity for 

timber management activity. Sites that prove incapable of sustaining 

intensive timber management are typically not included in the harvest 

land base. Also see harvest land base. 

trap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A geologic structure that allows petroleum to accumulate and be 

preserved. 

two-aged stand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A stand of trees comprised of two distinct age classes separated in age 

by more than ± 20% of rotation. 

two-aged system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A silvicultural system that regenerates and maintains stands with two 

age classes. The resulting stand may be two-aged, or trend towards an 

uneven-aged condition as a consequence of both an extended period 

of regeneration establishment and the retention of reserve (green live) 

trees that may represent one or more age classes. 

understory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Portion of trees or other woody vegetation that forms the lower layer 

in a forest stand, and that consists of more than one distinct layer. 

Glossary – 21 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

uneven-aged management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A combination of actions that simultaneously maintains continuous 

tall forest cover, recurring regeneration of desirable species, and the 

orderly growth and development of trees through a range of diameter 

or age classes. 

uneven-aged stand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A stand with three or more distinct age classes, either intimately 

mixed or in small groups. 

United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) . . . . . A federal agency under the United States Department of the Interior 

that is responsible for working with others to conserve, protect, and 

enhance fish, wildlife, plants, and their habitats. 

United States Forest Service (USFS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A federal agency under the United States Department of Agriculture 

that is responsible for administration of the nation’s national forests. 

variable-density thinning (VDT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A thinning method where two or more densities of retained trees 

are used to promote stand heterogeneity through the development 

of multi-layered canopies. Provision of conditions conducive to the 

initiation and growth of regeneration is often an objective of VDT to 

encourage understory development. 

variable-retention harvest system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An approach to harvesting that is based on retaining structural 

elements or biological legacies (trees, snags, logs, etc.) from the 

harvested stand for integration into the new stand to achieve various 

ecological objectives. Note: The major variables in variable retention 

harvest systems are types, densities, and spatial arrangement of 

retained structures: 1) aggregated retention is retention of structures 

as (typically) small intact forest patches within the harvest unit; 2) 

dispersed retention is retention of structures or biological legacies in a 

dispersed or uniform manner. 

watershed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All of the land and water within the boundaries of a drainage area 

that are separated by land ridges from other drainage areas. Larger 

watersheds can contain smaller watersheds that all ultimately flow 

their surface water to a common point. Also see fifth- field watershed 

and key watershed. 

wetland (jurisdictional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A wetland determination, using the Army Corps of Engineers current 

interagency rules, based on presence of defined wetland vegetation, 

soils and hydrology. 

wetland (natural). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unaltered land with natural presence and duration of water, sufficient 

to support wetland vegetation 

wildfire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Any nonstructural fire, other than prescribed burns, that occurs on 

wildland. 

wildfire, uncharacteristic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A wildfire that burns with unusual intensity and size. They are a 

particular concern in drier ecosystems such as sagebrush-grasslands, 

dry Douglas-fir, dry grand fir and ponderosa pine forests in the West 

where combustible fuels have accumulated. 

wildland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lands that are not dedicated to such uses as agricultural, urban, 

mining, or parks. 

Glossary – 22 
Glossary

wildland/urban interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The area in which structures and other human development meet or 

intermingle with undeveloped wildland. 

windthrow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A tree or trees uprooted or felled by the wind. 

young stage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Characterized by the predominance of density-dependent tree 

mortality and, in high density stands, a small range of tree diameters. 

Glossary – 23 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Glossary – 24
 
Index 

Index – 1

Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

Index – 2
 
Index

A Adaptive management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20, 21, B-5, B-6 

Air quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 39, B-10 

Allowable sale quantity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 9, 12, 14, 18, 24, 37, 38, A-5, B-10 

Annual program summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3 

B	 Bald eagle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 32, 59 

Best Management Practices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 58, B-8, C-1, E-30, E-32 

Biomass. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38, 42, 43, 56, B-9, B-16, B-17, C-25 

C	 Clean Water Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3, 8, 10, 11, 22, C-3 

Columbian white-tailed deer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-4 

Communication sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47, 48, F-1, F-9 

Critical habitat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15, 16, 21, 40, 45, 46, 58, B-11, B-15, E-36 

D	 Deferred Timber Management Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6, 7, 14, 29, 36, 37, 43, 56, B-10, E-40 

E	 Endangered Species Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 21, 23, 40, 58, B-11, B-15, E-37 

F	 Fire regime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43, 44 

Fire resiliency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17, 19 

Fire severity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11, 19 

G	 Geothermal energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43, E-3, E-8, E-23, E-28, E-34, E-35, E-36 

H	 Hardwood stands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39, D-4 

Harvest land base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 14, 32 

High intrinsic potential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36, B-16 

I	 Instream restoration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36, B-16, C-23, C-48, C-49, C-50 

L	 Land tenure zones. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45, 46, F-1, F-3 

Land use allocations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 29, 32, 35, 36, 37, 39, 45, 56, 60, A-3, B-8, F-4 

Large wood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 17, 35, 36, B-16, C-28 

Late-Successional Management Area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16, 29, 32, 33, 34, 37, B-7, B-16, E-41 

M	 Marbled murrelet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 10, 13, 14, 15, 17, 20, 21, 32, 33, 58, 59, B-7 

Monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3, 7, 20, 21, 22, 29, A-3, A-4, B-1, C-4, E-44, G-7 

N	 National Landscape Conservation System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16, 29, 31, 45 

Northern spotted owl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 10, 15, 16, 19, 32, 33, 58, B-7, D-4 

O	 O&C Act. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3, 8, 11, 21, 23, 27, 60 

Off-highway vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7, 11, 23, 53, 54, 55, B-18, C-18, C-36, C-37, D-3, G-3 

Oregon Smoke Management Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 

P	 Peak flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6, 9, 10, 18, 38, C-32 

Port-Orford cedar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36, 57 

Index – 3 
Roseburg District ROD and RMP 

R Reasonably Foreseeable Mineral Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-3 

Research natural area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 40, 45, 46, B-10, D-4 

Rights-of-way. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45, 46, 47, 60, A-5, E-31, E-34 

Riparian Management Areas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7, 16, 23, 29, 35, 36, 37, 45, B-8, B-16, C-5, E-40, E-41 

S Salvage harvest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34, 35, 36, 38, B-7, C-32 

Source water watersheds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22, C-3, C-32, C-34, C-35, C-47 

Special status species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 12, 13, 17, 32, 35, 40, 58, B-11, E-35, E-36 

Stand replacement disturbance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 34, 37 

Stream temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9, 10, 21, C-5 

T Temporary use permits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, E-45 

Timber Management Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6, 7, 14, 18, 29, 36, 37, 38, 56, B-10, B-17 

Timber Production Capability Classification (TPCC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 

Traditional use sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 

Travel management plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55, B-18, G-4 

U Utility corridors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47, 48 

V Visual resource management classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17, 46, 57, 58, B-13, E-39, E-40 

W Water quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11, 15, 17, 21, 22, 35, 58, B-8, C-3, E-39, E-42 

Wildland urban interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36, 43, 44, B-12 

Wind energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 

Index – 4 
BLM/OR/WA/PL-09/012+1792 

PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300 OFFICIAL BUSINESS _____________Roseburg, OR 97471777 NW Garden Valley Blvd. Roseburg District Office Bureau of Land ManagementUnited States Department of the Interior PRIORITY MAIL 

Bureau of Land Management

POSTAGE AND FEES PAID 

Permit No. G-76 
SPINE TEXT 

Bureau of Land Management - Roseburg Distric Record of Decision and Resource Management Plan